id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ertr-471	1	1	e	e	X
ertr-471	1	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	1	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	1	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	1	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	1	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	1	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	1	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	1	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	1	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	1	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	1	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	1	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	1	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	1	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	1	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	1	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	1	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	1	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	1	21	59	59	NUM
ertr-471	1	22	elvina	elvina	NOUN
ertr-471	1	23	primayesa	primayesa	PROPN
ertr-471	2	1	diponegoro	diponegoro	PROPN
ertr-471	2	2	university	university	PROPN
ertr-471	2	3	andalas	andalas	PROPN
ertr-471	2	4	university	university	PROPN
ertr-471	2	5	wahyu	wahyu	PROPN
ertr-471	2	6	widodo	widodo	PROPN
ertr-471	2	7	diponegoro	diponegoro	PROPN
ertr-471	2	8	university	university	PROPN
ertr-471	2	9	f.x	f.x	PROPN
ertr-471	2	10	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	2	11	sugiyanto	sugiyanto	PROPN
ertr-471	2	12	diponegoro	diponegoro	PROPN
ertr-471	2	13	university	university	PROPN
ertr-471	2	14	the	the	DET
ertr-471	2	15	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	2	16	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	2	17	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	2	18	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	2	19	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	2	20	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	2	21	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	2	22	this	this	DET
ertr-471	2	23	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	2	24	investigates	investigate	VERB
ertr-471	2	25	the	the	DET
ertr-471	2	26	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	2	27	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	2	28	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	2	29	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	2	30	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	2	31	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	2	32	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	2	33	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	2	34	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	2	35	the	the	DET
ertr-471	2	36	period	period	NOUN
ertr-471	2	37	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	2	38	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	2	39	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	2	40	2015	2015	NUM
ertr-471	2	41	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	3	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	3	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	3	3	uses	use	VERB
ertr-471	3	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	3	5	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	3	6	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	3	7	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	3	8	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	3	9	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	3	10	along	along	ADP
ertr-471	3	11	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	3	12	its	its	PRON
ertr-471	3	13	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
ertr-471	3	14	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	3	15	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	4	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	4	2	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	4	3	show	show	VERB
ertr-471	4	4	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	4	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	4	6	causes	cause	VERB
ertr-471	4	7	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	4	8	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	4	9	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	4	10	supports	support	VERB
ertr-471	4	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	4	12	unidirectional	unidirectional	ADJ
ertr-471	4	13	causal	causal	NOUN
ertr-471	4	14	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	4	15	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	5	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	5	2	finding	finding	NOUN
ertr-471	5	3	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	5	4	also	also	ADV
ertr-471	5	5	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	5	6	line	line	NOUN
ertr-471	5	7	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	5	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	5	9	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	5	10	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	5	11	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	5	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	5	13	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	5	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	6	1	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	6	2	a	a	DET
ertr-471	6	3	consequence	consequence	NOUN
ertr-471	6	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	6	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	6	6	government	government	NOUN
ertr-471	6	7	should	should	AUX
ertr-471	6	8	pay	pay	VERB
ertr-471	6	9	attention	attention	NOUN
ertr-471	6	10	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	6	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	6	12	resources	resource	NOUN
ertr-471	6	13	allocation	allocation	NOUN
ertr-471	6	14	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	6	15	the	the	DET
ertr-471	6	16	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	6	17	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	6	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	6	19	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	6	20	industry	industry	NOUN
ertr-471	6	21	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	6	22	specifically	specifically	ADV
ertr-471	6	23	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	6	24	supporting	support	VERB
ertr-471	6	25	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ertr-471	6	26	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	6	27	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	6	28	promoting	promote	VERB
ertr-471	6	29	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	6	30	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	6	31	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	6	32	through	through	ADP
ertr-471	6	33	more	more	ADJ
ertr-471	6	34	advertisements	advertisement	NOUN
ertr-471	6	35	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	6	36	removal	removal	NOUN
ertr-471	6	37	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	6	38	visa	visa	NOUN
ertr-471	6	39	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
ertr-471	6	40	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	6	41	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	6	42	implementation	implementation	NOUN
ertr-471	6	43	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	6	44	a	a	DET
ertr-471	6	45	discount	discount	NOUN
ertr-471	6	46	program	program	NOUN
ertr-471	6	47	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	6	48	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	6	49	groups	group	NOUN
ertr-471	6	50	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	7	1	thus	thus	ADV
ertr-471	7	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	7	3	an	an	DET
ertr-471	7	4	intensive	intensive	ADJ
ertr-471	7	5	government	government	NOUN
ertr-471	7	6	policy	policy	NOUN
ertr-471	7	7	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	7	8	required	require	VERB
ertr-471	7	9	to	to	PART
ertr-471	7	10	increase	increase	VERB
ertr-471	7	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	7	12	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	7	13	demand	demand	NOUN
ertr-471	7	14	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	7	15	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
ertr-471	7	16	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	7	17	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	7	18	to	to	PART
ertr-471	7	19	stimulate	stimulate	VERB
ertr-471	7	20	the	the	DET
ertr-471	7	21	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	7	22	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	7	23	either	either	CCONJ
ertr-471	7	24	private	private	ADJ
ertr-471	7	25	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	7	26	public	public	ADJ
ertr-471	7	27	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	7	28	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ertr-471	7	29	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
ertr-471	8	2	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	3	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	8	4	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	8	5	;	;	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	6	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	8	7	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	8	8	;	;	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	9	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	8	10	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	11	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	8	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	8	13	;	;	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	14	todayamamoto	todayamamoto	ADJ
ertr-471	8	15	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	8	16	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	17	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	8	18	elvina	elvina	PROPN
ertr-471	8	19	primayesa	primayesa	PROPN
ertr-471	8	20	faculty	faculty	PROPN
ertr-471	8	21	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	8	22	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	8	23	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	8	24	business	business	NOUN
ertr-471	8	25	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	26	diponegoro	diponegoro	ADP
ertr-471	8	27	university	university	PROPN
ertr-471	8	28	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	29	semarang	semarang	PROPN
ertr-471	8	30	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	31	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	8	32	faculty	faculty	NOUN
ertr-471	8	33	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	8	34	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	8	35	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	36	andalas	andalas	PROPN
ertr-471	8	37	university	university	PROPN
ertr-471	8	38	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	39	padang	padang	PROPN
ertr-471	8	40	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	41	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	8	42	phone	phone	NOUN
ertr-471	8	43	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	44	+62	+62	PROPN
ertr-471	8	45	813	813	NUM
ertr-471	8	46	63310248	63310248	NUM
ertr-471	8	47	email	email	NOUN
ertr-471	8	48	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	8	49	yesa040486@gmail.com	yesa040486@gmail.com	X
ertr-471	9	1	wahyu	wahyu	VERB
ertr-471	9	2	widodo	widodo	NOUN
ertr-471	9	3	faculty	faculty	NOUN
ertr-471	9	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	9	5	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	9	6	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	9	7	business	business	NOUN
ertr-471	9	8	diponegoro	diponegoro	PROPN
ertr-471	9	9	university	university	PROPN
ertr-471	9	10	po	po	PROPN
ertr-471	9	11	box	box	PROPN
ertr-471	9	12	50241	50241	NUM
ertr-471	9	13	phone	phone	NOUN
ertr-471	9	14	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	9	15	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	9	16	024	024	NUM
ertr-471	9	17	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	9	18	845	845	NUM
ertr-471	9	19	2269	2269	NUM
ertr-471	9	20	email	email	NOUN
ertr-471	9	21	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	9	22	wahyuwid2002@live.undip.ac.id	wahyuwid2002@live.undip.ac.id	PROPN
ertr-471	9	23	f.x	f.x	PROPN
ertr-471	9	24	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	10	1	sugiyanto	sugiyanto	PROPN
ertr-471	10	2	faculty	faculty	NOUN
ertr-471	10	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	10	4	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	10	5	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	10	6	business	business	NOUN
ertr-471	10	7	diponegoro	diponegoro	PROPN
ertr-471	10	8	university	university	PROPN
ertr-471	10	9	po	po	PROPN
ertr-471	10	10	box	box	PROPN
ertr-471	10	11	50241	50241	NUM
ertr-471	10	12	phone	phone	NOUN
ertr-471	10	13	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	10	14	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	10	15	024	024	NUM
ertr-471	10	16	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	10	17	845	845	NUM
ertr-471	10	18	2269	2269	NUM
ertr-471	10	19	email	email	NOUN
ertr-471	10	20	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	11	1	fxsugiyanto@undip.ac.id	fxsugiyanto@undip.ac.id	PROPN
ertr-471	11	2	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	11	3	mailto:yesa040486@gmail.com	mailto:yesa040486@gmail.com	PROPN
ertr-471	11	4	mailto:wahyuwid2002@live.undip.ac.id	mailto:wahyuwid2002@live.undip.ac.id	PROPN
ertr-471	11	5	mailto:fxsugiyanto@undip.ac.id	mailto:fxsugiyanto@undip.ac.id	PROPN
ertr-471	11	6	e	e	X
ertr-471	11	7	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	11	8	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	11	9	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	11	10	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	11	11	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	11	12	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	11	13	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	11	14	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	11	15	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	11	16	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	11	17	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	11	18	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	11	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	11	20	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	11	21	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	11	22	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	11	23	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	11	24	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	11	25	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	11	26	60	60	NUM
ertr-471	11	27	elvina	elvina	NOUN
ertr-471	11	28	primayesa	primayesa	PROPN
ertr-471	11	29	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	11	30	ph.d	ph.d	PROPN
ertr-471	11	31	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	11	32	student	student	NOUN
ertr-471	11	33	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	11	34	faculty	faculty	NOUN
ertr-471	11	35	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	11	36	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	11	37	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	11	38	business	business	NOUN
ertr-471	11	39	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	11	40	diponegoro	diponegoro	VERB
ertr-471	11	41	university	university	NOUN
ertr-471	11	42	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	12	1	her	her	PRON
ertr-471	12	2	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	12	3	focus	focus	NOUN
ertr-471	12	4	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	12	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	12	6	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	12	7	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	12	8	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	12	9	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	12	10	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	12	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	13	1	wahyu	wahyu	PROPN
ertr-471	13	2	widodo	widodo	NOUN
ertr-471	13	3	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	13	4	lecturer	lecturer	NOUN
ertr-471	13	5	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	13	6	faculty	faculty	NOUN
ertr-471	13	7	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	13	8	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	13	9	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	13	10	business	business	NOUN
ertr-471	13	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	13	12	diponegoro	diponegoro	VERB
ertr-471	13	13	university	university	NOUN
ertr-471	13	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	14	1	f.x	f.x	PROPN
ertr-471	14	2	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	14	3	sugiyanto	sugiyanto	PROPN
ertr-471	14	4	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	14	5	professor	professor	NOUN
ertr-471	14	6	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	14	7	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	14	8	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	14	9	faculty	faculty	NOUN
ertr-471	14	10	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	14	11	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	14	12	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	14	13	business	business	NOUN
ertr-471	14	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	14	15	diponegoro	diponegoro	VERB
ertr-471	14	16	university	university	NOUN
ertr-471	14	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	15	1	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	16	1	e	e	X
ertr-471	16	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	16	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	16	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	16	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	16	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	16	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	16	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	16	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	16	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	16	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	16	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	16	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	16	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	16	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	16	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	16	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	16	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	16	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	16	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	16	21	61	61	NUM
ertr-471	16	22	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ertr-471	16	23	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	16	24	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	16	25	one	one	NUM
ertr-471	16	26	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	16	27	the	the	DET
ertr-471	16	28	fastest	fast	ADJ
ertr-471	16	29	growing	grow	VERB
ertr-471	16	30	sectors	sector	NOUN
ertr-471	16	31	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	16	32	a	a	DET
ertr-471	16	33	major	major	ADJ
ertr-471	16	34	source	source	NOUN
ertr-471	16	35	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	16	36	income	income	NOUN
ertr-471	16	37	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	16	38	developed	developed	ADJ
ertr-471	16	39	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	16	40	developing	develop	VERB
ertr-471	16	41	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	16	42	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	17	1	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	17	2	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	17	3	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	17	4	have	have	AUX
ertr-471	17	5	increased	increase	VERB
ertr-471	17	6	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	17	7	25	25	NUM
ertr-471	17	8	million	million	NUM
ertr-471	17	9	globally	globally	ADV
ertr-471	17	10	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	17	11	1950	1950	NUM
ertr-471	17	12	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	17	13	0.27	0.27	NUM
ertr-471	17	14	billion	billion	NUM
ertr-471	17	15	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	17	16	1980	1980	NUM
ertr-471	17	17	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	17	18	0.67	0.67	NUM
ertr-471	17	19	billion	billion	NUM
ertr-471	17	20	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	17	21	2000	2000	NUM
ertr-471	17	22	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	17	23	1.19	1.19	NUM
ertr-471	17	24	billion	billion	NUM
ertr-471	17	25	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	17	26	2015	2015	NUM
ertr-471	17	27	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	17	28	1.24	1.24	NUM
ertr-471	17	29	billion	billion	NUM
ertr-471	17	30	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	17	31	2016	2016	NUM
ertr-471	17	32	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	17	33	1.4	1.4	NUM
ertr-471	17	34	billion	billion	NUM
ertr-471	17	35	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	17	36	2017	2017	NUM
ertr-471	17	37	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	17	38	unwto	unwto	ADJ
ertr-471	17	39	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	17	40	2018	2018	NUM
ertr-471	17	41	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	17	42	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	18	1	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	18	2	unwto	unwto	ADJ
ertr-471	18	3	region	region	NOUN
ertr-471	18	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	18	5	europe	europe	PROPN
ertr-471	18	6	was	be	AUX
ertr-471	18	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	18	8	most	most	ADV
ertr-471	18	9	popular	popular	ADJ
ertr-471	18	10	destination	destination	NOUN
ertr-471	18	11	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	18	12	2017	2017	NUM
ertr-471	18	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	18	14	receiving	receive	VERB
ertr-471	18	15	approximately	approximately	ADV
ertr-471	18	16	50	50	NUM
ertr-471	18	17	percent	percent	NOUN
ertr-471	18	18	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	18	19	the	the	DET
ertr-471	18	20	world	world	NOUN
ertr-471	18	21	’s	’s	PART
ertr-471	18	22	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	18	23	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	18	24	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	19	1	asia	asia	PROPN
ertr-471	19	2	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	19	3	pacific	pacific	PROPN
ertr-471	19	4	received	receive	VERB
ertr-471	19	5	25	25	NUM
ertr-471	19	6	percent	percent	NOUN
ertr-471	19	7	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	19	8	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	19	9	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	19	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	19	11	while	while	SCONJ
ertr-471	19	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	19	13	americas	america	NOUN
ertr-471	19	14	received	receive	VERB
ertr-471	19	15	16	16	NUM
ertr-471	19	16	percent	percent	NOUN
ertr-471	19	17	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	19	18	world	world	NOUN
ertr-471	19	19	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	19	20	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	19	21	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	20	1	less	less	ADV
ertr-471	20	2	popular	popular	ADJ
ertr-471	20	3	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	20	4	destinations	destination	NOUN
ertr-471	20	5	include	include	VERB
ertr-471	20	6	africa	africa	PROPN
ertr-471	20	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	20	8	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	20	9	5	5	NUM
ertr-471	20	10	percent	percent	NOUN
ertr-471	20	11	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	20	12	global	global	ADJ
ertr-471	20	13	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	20	14	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	20	15	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	20	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	20	17	middle	middle	PROPN
ertr-471	20	18	east	east	PROPN
ertr-471	20	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	20	20	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	20	21	4	4	NUM
ertr-471	20	22	percent	percent	NOUN
ertr-471	20	23	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	20	24	global	global	ADJ
ertr-471	20	25	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	20	26	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	20	27	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	20	28	unwto	unwto	ADJ
ertr-471	20	29	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	20	30	2018	2018	NUM
ertr-471	20	31	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	20	32	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	21	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ertr-471	21	2	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	21	3	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	21	4	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	21	5	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	21	6	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	21	7	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	21	8	receipt	receipt	NOUN
ertr-471	21	9	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	21	10	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	21	11	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	21	12	2017	2017	NUM
ertr-471	21	13	source	source	NOUN
ertr-471	21	14	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	21	15	world	world	PROPN
ertr-471	21	16	bank	bank	PROPN
ertr-471	21	17	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	21	18	2018	2018	NUM
ertr-471	21	19	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	21	20	figure	figure	NOUN
ertr-471	21	21	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	21	22	shows	show	VERB
ertr-471	21	23	the	the	DET
ertr-471	21	24	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ertr-471	21	25	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	21	26	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	21	27	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	21	28	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	21	29	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	21	30	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	21	31	receipt	receipt	NOUN
ertr-471	21	32	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	21	33	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	21	34	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	21	35	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	21	36	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	21	37	2017	2017	NUM
ertr-471	21	38	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	22	1	along	along	ADP
ertr-471	22	2	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	22	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	22	4	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	22	5	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	22	6	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
ertr-471	22	7	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	22	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	22	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	22	10	number	number	NOUN
ertr-471	22	11	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	22	12	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	22	13	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	22	14	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	22	15	increased	increase	VERB
ertr-471	22	16	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	22	17	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	22	18	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	22	19	2017	2017	NUM
ertr-471	22	20	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	22	21	although	although	SCONJ
ertr-471	22	22	this	this	DET
ertr-471	22	23	number	number	NOUN
ertr-471	22	24	has	have	AUX
ertr-471	22	25	tended	tend	VERB
ertr-471	22	26	to	to	PART
ertr-471	22	27	fluctuate	fluctuate	VERB
ertr-471	22	28	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	22	29	recent	recent	ADJ
ertr-471	22	30	years	year	NOUN
ertr-471	22	31	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	23	1	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	23	2	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	23	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	23	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	23	5	number	number	NOUN
ertr-471	23	6	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	23	7	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	23	8	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	23	9	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	23	10	was	be	AUX
ertr-471	23	11	approximately	approximately	ADV
ertr-471	23	12	4.3	4.3	NUM
ertr-471	23	13	million	million	NUM
ertr-471	23	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	23	15	increased	increase	VERB
ertr-471	23	16	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	23	17	14.04	14.04	NUM
ertr-471	23	18	million	million	NUM
ertr-471	23	19	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	23	20	2017	2017	NUM
ertr-471	23	21	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	24	1	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	24	2	line	line	NOUN
ertr-471	24	3	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	24	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	24	5	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	24	6	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	24	7	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	24	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	24	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	24	10	receipt	receipt	NOUN
ertr-471	24	11	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	24	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	24	13	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	24	14	sector	sector	NOUN
ertr-471	24	15	also	also	ADV
ertr-471	24	16	increased	increase	VERB
ertr-471	24	17	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	24	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	24	19	period	period	NOUN
ertr-471	24	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	X
ertr-471	25	1	e	e	NOUN
ertr-471	25	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	25	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	25	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	25	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	25	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	25	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	25	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	25	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	25	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	25	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	25	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	25	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	25	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	25	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	25	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	25	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	25	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	25	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	25	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	25	21	62	62	NUM
ertr-471	25	22	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	25	23	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	25	24	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	25	25	2017	2017	NUM
ertr-471	25	26	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	26	1	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	26	2	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	26	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	26	4	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	26	5	receipt	receipt	NOUN
ertr-471	26	6	were	be	AUX
ertr-471	26	7	us$5,229	us$5,229	NUM
ertr-471	26	8	billion	billion	NUM
ertr-471	26	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	26	10	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	26	11	then	then	ADV
ertr-471	26	12	it	it	PRON
ertr-471	26	13	reached	reach	VERB
ertr-471	26	14	us$14,177	us$14,177	PROPN
ertr-471	26	15	billion	billion	NUM
ertr-471	26	16	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	26	17	2017	2017	NUM
ertr-471	26	18	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	26	19	world	world	PROPN
ertr-471	26	20	bank	bank	NOUN
ertr-471	26	21	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	26	22	2018	2018	NUM
ertr-471	26	23	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	26	24	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	27	1	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	27	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	27	3	figure	figure	NOUN
ertr-471	27	4	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	27	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	27	6	we	we	PRON
ertr-471	27	7	see	see	VERB
ertr-471	27	8	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	27	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	27	10	number	number	NOUN
ertr-471	27	11	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	27	12	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	27	13	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	27	14	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ertr-471	27	15	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	27	16	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	27	17	revenues	revenue	NOUN
ertr-471	27	18	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	27	19	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	27	20	tend	tend	VERB
ertr-471	27	21	to	to	PART
ertr-471	27	22	increase	increase	VERB
ertr-471	27	23	annually	annually	ADV
ertr-471	27	24	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	28	1	empirically	empirically	ADV
ertr-471	28	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	28	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	28	4	positive	positive	ADJ
ertr-471	28	5	effect	effect	NOUN
ertr-471	28	6	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	28	7	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	28	8	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	28	9	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	28	10	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	28	11	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	28	12	influenced	influence	VERB
ertr-471	28	13	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	28	14	various	various	ADJ
ertr-471	28	15	indicators	indicator	NOUN
ertr-471	28	16	both	both	CCONJ
ertr-471	28	17	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	28	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	28	19	global	global	ADJ
ertr-471	28	20	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	28	21	national	national	ADJ
ertr-471	28	22	levels	level	NOUN
ertr-471	28	23	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	29	1	however	however	ADV
ertr-471	29	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	29	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	29	4	question	question	NOUN
ertr-471	29	5	remains	remain	VERB
ertr-471	29	6	whether	whether	SCONJ
ertr-471	29	7	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	29	8	encourages	encourage	VERB
ertr-471	29	9	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	29	10	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	29	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	29	12	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	29	13	vice	vice	NOUN
ertr-471	29	14	versa	versa	ADV
ertr-471	29	15	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	1	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	30	2	general	general	ADJ
ertr-471	30	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	4	to	to	PART
ertr-471	30	5	prove	prove	VERB
ertr-471	30	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	30	7	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	30	8	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	30	9	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	30	10	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	30	11	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	30	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	30	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	14	several	several	ADJ
ertr-471	30	15	approaches	approach	NOUN
ertr-471	30	16	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	30	17	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	30	18	implemented	implement	VERB
ertr-471	30	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	20	i.e.	i.e.	X
ertr-471	30	21	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	22	the	the	DET
ertr-471	30	23	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	30	24	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	25	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	30	26	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	30	27	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	30	28	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	29	the	the	DET
ertr-471	30	30	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	30	31	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	32	driven	drive	VERB
ertr-471	30	33	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	30	34	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	30	35	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	30	36	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	37	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	30	38	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	30	39	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	30	40	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	30	41	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	30	42	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	30	43	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	30	44	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	30	45	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	46	oh	oh	INTJ
ertr-471	30	47	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	48	2005	2005	NUM
ertr-471	30	49	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	30	50	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	31	1	numerous	numerous	ADJ
ertr-471	31	2	studies	study	NOUN
ertr-471	31	3	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	31	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	31	5	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	31	6	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	31	7	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	31	8	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	31	9	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	31	10	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	31	11	have	have	VERB
ertr-471	31	12	different	different	ADJ
ertr-471	31	13	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	31	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	31	15	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
ertr-471	31	16	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	32	1	balaguer	balaguer	NOUN
ertr-471	32	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	32	3	cantavella	cantavella	NOUN
ertr-471	32	4	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	32	5	jordá	jordá	NOUN
ertr-471	32	6	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	32	7	2002	2002	NUM
ertr-471	32	8	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	32	9	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	32	10	dritsakis	dritsakis	PROPN
ertr-471	32	11	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	32	12	2004	2004	NUM
ertr-471	32	13	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	32	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	32	15	show	show	VERB
ertr-471	32	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	32	17	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ertr-471	32	18	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	32	19	one	one	NUM
ertr-471	32	20	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	32	21	direction	direction	NOUN
ertr-471	32	22	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	32	23	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	32	24	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	32	25	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	32	26	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	32	27	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	32	28	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	33	1	meanwhile	meanwhile	ADV
ertr-471	33	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	33	3	another	another	DET
ertr-471	33	4	studies	study	NOUN
ertr-471	33	5	such	such	ADJ
ertr-471	33	6	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	33	7	brau	brau	PROPN
ertr-471	33	8	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	33	9	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	33	10	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	33	11	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	33	12	2003	2003	NUM
ertr-471	33	13	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	33	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	33	15	durbarry	durbarry	PROPN
ertr-471	33	16	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	33	17	2004	2004	NUM
ertr-471	33	18	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	33	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	33	20	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	33	21	kim	kim	PROPN
ertr-471	33	22	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	33	23	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	33	24	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	33	25	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	33	26	2006	2006	NUM
ertr-471	33	27	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	33	28	show	show	VERB
ertr-471	33	29	twoway	twoway	NOUN
ertr-471	33	30	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	33	31	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	33	32	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	33	33	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	33	34	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	33	35	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	33	36	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	34	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	34	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	34	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	34	4	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	34	5	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	34	6	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	34	7	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	34	8	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	34	9	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	34	10	also	also	ADV
ertr-471	34	11	show	show	VERB
ertr-471	34	12	various	various	ADJ
ertr-471	34	13	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	34	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	35	1	sugiyarto	sugiyarto	PROPN
ertr-471	35	2	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	35	3	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	35	4	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	36	1	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	36	2	2003	2003	NUM
ertr-471	36	3	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	36	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	36	5	use	use	VERB
ertr-471	36	6	a	a	DET
ertr-471	36	7	computable	computable	ADJ
ertr-471	36	8	general	general	ADJ
ertr-471	36	9	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
ertr-471	36	10	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	36	11	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	36	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	36	13	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	36	14	economy	economy	NOUN
ertr-471	36	15	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	36	16	find	find	VERB
ertr-471	36	17	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	36	18	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	36	19	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	36	20	leads	lead	VERB
ertr-471	36	21	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	36	22	greater	great	ADJ
ertr-471	36	23	positive	positive	ADJ
ertr-471	36	24	effects	effect	NOUN
ertr-471	36	25	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	37	1	nizar	nizar	PROPN
ertr-471	37	2	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	37	3	2011	2011	NUM
ertr-471	37	4	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	37	5	find	find	VERB
ertr-471	37	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	37	7	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	37	8	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	37	9	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	37	10	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	37	11	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	37	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	37	13	have	have	VERB
ertr-471	37	14	reciprocal	reciprocal	ADJ
ertr-471	37	15	causal	causal	ADJ
ertr-471	37	16	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	37	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	38	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	38	2	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	38	3	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	38	4	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ertr-471	38	5	findings	finding	NOUN
ertr-471	38	6	indicates	indicate	VERB
ertr-471	38	7	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	38	8	each	each	DET
ertr-471	38	9	country	country	NOUN
ertr-471	38	10	has	have	VERB
ertr-471	38	11	a	a	DET
ertr-471	38	12	unique	unique	ADJ
ertr-471	38	13	experience	experience	NOUN
ertr-471	38	14	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	38	15	supporting	support	VERB
ertr-471	38	16	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	38	17	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	38	18	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	39	1	more	more	ADV
ertr-471	39	2	specifically	specifically	ADV
ertr-471	39	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	39	4	it	it	PRON
ertr-471	39	5	relates	relate	VERB
ertr-471	39	6	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	39	7	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	39	8	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	39	9	a	a	DET
ertr-471	39	10	driver	driver	NOUN
ertr-471	39	11	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	39	12	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	39	13	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	39	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	40	1	whether	whether	SCONJ
ertr-471	40	2	one	one	NUM
ertr-471	40	3	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	40	4	way	way	NOUN
ertr-471	40	5	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	40	6	two	two	NUM
ertr-471	40	7	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	40	8	way	way	NOUN
ertr-471	40	9	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	40	10	exists	exist	VERB
ertr-471	40	11	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	40	12	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	40	13	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	40	14	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	40	15	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	40	16	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	40	17	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	40	18	has	have	AUX
ertr-471	40	19	been	be	AUX
ertr-471	40	20	proven	prove	VERB
ertr-471	40	21	to	to	PART
ertr-471	40	22	have	have	VERB
ertr-471	40	23	a	a	DET
ertr-471	40	24	significant	significant	ADJ
ertr-471	40	25	influence	influence	NOUN
ertr-471	40	26	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	40	27	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	40	28	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	40	29	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	41	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	41	2	precise	precise	ADJ
ertr-471	41	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
ertr-471	41	4	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	41	5	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	41	6	important	important	ADJ
ertr-471	41	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	41	8	but	but	CCONJ
ertr-471	41	9	solely	solely	ADV
ertr-471	41	10	due	due	ADJ
ertr-471	41	11	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	41	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	41	13	need	need	NOUN
ertr-471	41	14	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	41	15	an	an	DET
ertr-471	41	16	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
ertr-471	41	17	policy	policy	NOUN
ertr-471	41	18	recommendation	recommendation	NOUN
ertr-471	41	19	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	41	20	the	the	DET
ertr-471	41	21	government	government	NOUN
ertr-471	41	22	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	42	1	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	43	1	e	e	X
ertr-471	43	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	43	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	43	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	43	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	43	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	43	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	43	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	43	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	43	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	43	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	43	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	43	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	43	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	43	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	43	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	43	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	43	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	43	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	43	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	ADP
ertr-471	43	21	63	63	NUM
ertr-471	43	22	the	the	DET
ertr-471	43	23	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	43	24	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	43	25	the	the	DET
ertr-471	43	26	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ertr-471	43	27	findings	finding	NOUN
ertr-471	43	28	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	43	29	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	43	30	line	line	NOUN
ertr-471	43	31	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	43	32	the	the	DET
ertr-471	43	33	important	important	ADJ
ertr-471	43	34	role	role	NOUN
ertr-471	43	35	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	43	36	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	43	37	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	43	38	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	43	39	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	43	40	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	43	41	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	43	42	requires	require	VERB
ertr-471	43	43	not	not	PART
ertr-471	43	44	only	only	ADV
ertr-471	43	45	further	further	ADJ
ertr-471	43	46	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	43	47	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	43	48	but	but	CCONJ
ertr-471	43	49	also	also	ADV
ertr-471	43	50	other	other	ADJ
ertr-471	43	51	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
ertr-471	43	52	to	to	PART
ertr-471	43	53	test	test	VERB
ertr-471	43	54	the	the	DET
ertr-471	43	55	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	43	56	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	43	57	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	43	58	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	43	59	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	43	60	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	43	61	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	44	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	44	2	purpose	purpose	NOUN
ertr-471	44	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	44	4	this	this	DET
ertr-471	44	5	paper	paper	NOUN
ertr-471	44	6	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	44	7	to	to	PART
ertr-471	44	8	prove	prove	VERB
ertr-471	44	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	44	10	direction	direction	NOUN
ertr-471	44	11	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	44	12	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	44	13	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	44	14	term	term	NOUN
ertr-471	44	15	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	44	16	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	44	17	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	44	18	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	44	19	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	44	20	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	44	21	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	44	22	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	44	23	during	during	ADP
ertr-471	44	24	1995–2015	1995–2015	NUM
ertr-471	44	25	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	44	26	the	the	DET
ertr-471	44	27	standard	standard	ADJ
ertr-471	44	28	johansen	johansen	PROPN
ertr-471	44	29	cointegration	cointegration	PROPN
ertr-471	44	30	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	44	31	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	44	32	a	a	DET
ertr-471	44	33	modified	modify	VERB
ertr-471	44	34	version	version	NOUN
ertr-471	44	35	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	44	36	the	the	DET
ertr-471	44	37	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	44	38	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	44	39	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	44	40	proposed	propose	VERB
ertr-471	44	41	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	44	42	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	44	43	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	44	44	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	44	45	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	44	46	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	44	47	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	44	48	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	45	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	45	2	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	45	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	45	4	this	this	DET
ertr-471	45	5	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	45	6	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	45	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	45	8	previous	previous	ADJ
ertr-471	45	9	studies	study	NOUN
ertr-471	45	10	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	45	11	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	45	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	45	13	addition	addition	NOUN
ertr-471	45	14	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	45	15	the	the	DET
ertr-471	45	16	scope	scope	NOUN
ertr-471	45	17	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	45	18	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	45	19	period	period	NOUN
ertr-471	45	20	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	45	21	the	the	DET
ertr-471	45	22	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	45	23	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	45	24	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	46	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	46	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	46	3	uses	use	VERB
ertr-471	46	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	46	5	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	46	6	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	46	7	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	46	8	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	46	9	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	46	10	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	46	11	to	to	PART
ertr-471	46	12	accommodate	accommodate	VERB
ertr-471	46	13	the	the	DET
ertr-471	46	14	weaknesses	weakness	NOUN
ertr-471	46	15	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	46	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	46	17	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	46	18	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	46	19	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	46	20	when	when	SCONJ
ertr-471	46	21	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	46	22	has	have	VERB
ertr-471	46	23	integration	integration	NOUN
ertr-471	46	24	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	47	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
ertr-471	47	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	47	3	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	47	4	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	47	5	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	47	6	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	47	7	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	47	8	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	47	9	overcomes	overcome	VERB
ertr-471	47	10	the	the	DET
ertr-471	47	11	problem	problem	NOUN
ertr-471	47	12	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	47	13	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	47	14	specification	specification	NOUN
ertr-471	47	15	bias	bias	NOUN
ertr-471	47	16	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	48	1	literature	literature	NOUN
ertr-471	48	2	review	review	VERB
ertr-471	48	3	several	several	ADJ
ertr-471	48	4	studies	study	NOUN
ertr-471	48	5	have	have	AUX
ertr-471	48	6	investigated	investigate	VERB
ertr-471	48	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	48	8	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	48	9	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	48	10	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	48	11	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	48	12	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	48	13	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	48	14	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	48	15	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
ertr-471	48	16	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	48	17	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ertr-471	48	18	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
ertr-471	48	19	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	1	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	49	2	a	a	DET
ertr-471	49	3	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
ertr-471	49	4	perspective	perspective	NOUN
ertr-471	49	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	49	7	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	49	8	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	49	9	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	49	10	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	49	11	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	49	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	49	13	has	have	AUX
ertr-471	49	14	been	be	AUX
ertr-471	49	15	developed	develop	VERB
ertr-471	49	16	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	49	17	three	three	NUM
ertr-471	49	18	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
ertr-471	49	19	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	20	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	21	1	1	X
ertr-471	49	22	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	23	short	short	ADJ
ertr-471	49	24	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	25	run	run	NOUN
ertr-471	49	26	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ertr-471	49	27	based	base	VERB
ertr-471	49	28	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	49	29	the	the	DET
ertr-471	49	30	keynesian	keynesian	ADJ
ertr-471	49	31	income	income	NOUN
ertr-471	49	32	multiplier	multipli	ADJ
ertr-471	49	33	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	34	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	49	35	the	the	DET
ertr-471	49	36	so	so	ADV
ertr-471	49	37	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	38	called	call	VERB
ertr-471	49	39	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	49	40	multiplier	multipli	ADJ
ertr-471	49	41	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	42	cooper	cooper	NOUN
ertr-471	49	43	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	44	2008	2008	NUM
ertr-471	49	45	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	46	;	;	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	47	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	48	2	2	X
ertr-471	49	49	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	50	the	the	DET
ertr-471	49	51	input	input	NOUN
ertr-471	49	52	–	–	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	53	output	output	NOUN
ertr-471	49	54	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	49	55	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	49	56	the	the	DET
ertr-471	49	57	computable	computable	ADJ
ertr-471	49	58	general	general	ADJ
ertr-471	49	59	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
ertr-471	49	60	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	49	61	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	62	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	49	63	studies	study	VERB
ertr-471	49	64	the	the	DET
ertr-471	49	65	interrelationship	interrelationship	NOUN
ertr-471	49	66	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	49	67	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	49	68	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	49	69	other	other	ADJ
ertr-471	49	70	sectors	sector	NOUN
ertr-471	49	71	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	72	dwyer	dwyer	PROPN
ertr-471	49	73	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	49	74	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	49	75	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	49	76	2004	2004	NUM
ertr-471	49	77	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	78	2006	2006	NUM
ertr-471	49	79	;	;	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	80	blake	blake	PROPN
ertr-471	49	81	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	49	82	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	49	83	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	49	84	2006	2006	NUM
ertr-471	49	85	;	;	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	86	sinclair	sinclair	PROPN
ertr-471	49	87	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	49	88	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	49	89	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	49	90	2010	2010	NUM
ertr-471	49	91	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	92	;	;	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	93	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	94	3	3	X
ertr-471	49	95	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	96	the	the	DET
ertr-471	49	97	long	long	ADV
ertr-471	49	98	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	99	run	run	VERB
ertr-471	49	100	perspective	perspective	NOUN
ertr-471	49	101	rooted	root	VERB
ertr-471	49	102	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	49	103	either	either	CCONJ
ertr-471	49	104	exogenous	exogenous	ADJ
ertr-471	49	105	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	49	106	endogenous	endogenous	ADJ
ertr-471	49	107	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	49	108	models	model	NOUN
ertr-471	49	109	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	110	bharat	bharat	PROPN
ertr-471	49	111	r.	r.	PROPN
ertr-471	49	112	hazari	hazari	PROPN
ertr-471	49	113	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	49	114	sgro	sgro	PROPN
ertr-471	49	115	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	49	116	;	;	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	117	lanza	lanza	NOUN
ertr-471	49	118	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	49	119	pigliaru	pigliaru	PROPN
ertr-471	49	120	2000	2000	NUM
ertr-471	49	121	;	;	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	122	candela	candela	NOUN
ertr-471	49	123	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	49	124	cellini	cellini	PROPN
ertr-471	49	125	1997	1997	NUM
ertr-471	49	126	;	;	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	127	lozano	lozano	PROPN
ertr-471	49	128	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	49	129	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	49	130	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	49	131	2008	2008	NUM
ertr-471	49	132	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	49	133	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	50	1	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	51	1	e	e	X
ertr-471	51	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	51	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	51	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	51	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	51	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	51	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	51	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	51	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	51	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	51	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	51	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	51	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	51	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	51	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	51	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	51	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	51	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	51	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	51	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	51	21	64	64	NUM
ertr-471	51	22	balaguer	balaguer	NOUN
ertr-471	51	23	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	51	24	cantavella	cantavella	NOUN
ertr-471	51	25	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	51	26	jordá	jordá	NOUN
ertr-471	51	27	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	51	28	2002	2002	NUM
ertr-471	51	29	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	51	30	first	first	ADV
ertr-471	51	31	investigated	investigate	VERB
ertr-471	51	32	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	51	33	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	51	34	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	51	35	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	51	36	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	51	37	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	51	38	spain	spain	PROPN
ertr-471	51	39	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	51	40	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	51	41	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	51	42	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	51	43	1975	1975	NUM
ertr-471	51	44	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	51	45	1997	1997	NUM
ertr-471	51	46	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	52	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	52	2	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	52	3	support	support	VERB
ertr-471	52	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	52	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	52	6	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	52	7	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	52	8	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	52	9	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	52	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	53	1	brau	brau	PROPN
ertr-471	53	2	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	53	3	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	53	4	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	54	1	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	54	2	2003	2003	NUM
ertr-471	54	3	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	54	4	examined	examine	VERB
ertr-471	54	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	54	6	ratio	ratio	NOUN
ertr-471	54	7	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	54	8	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	54	9	spending	spend	VERB
ertr-471	54	10	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	54	11	total	total	ADJ
ertr-471	54	12	consumption	consumption	NOUN
ertr-471	54	13	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	54	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	54	15	the	the	DET
ertr-471	54	16	ratio	ratio	NOUN
ertr-471	54	17	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	54	18	relative	relative	ADJ
ertr-471	54	19	prices	price	NOUN
ertr-471	54	20	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	54	21	goods	good	NOUN
ertr-471	54	22	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	54	23	services	service	NOUN
ertr-471	54	24	bundles	bundle	NOUN
ertr-471	54	25	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	54	26	consumer	consumer	NOUN
ertr-471	54	27	price	price	NOUN
ertr-471	54	28	deflators	deflator	NOUN
ertr-471	54	29	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	54	30	13	13	NUM
ertr-471	54	31	oecd	oecd	PROPN
ertr-471	54	32	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	54	33	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	55	1	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	55	2	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	55	3	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	55	4	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	55	5	granger	granger	NOUN
ertr-471	55	6	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	55	7	tests	test	VERB
ertr-471	55	8	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	55	9	1977	1977	NUM
ertr-471	55	10	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	55	11	1992	1992	NUM
ertr-471	55	12	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	55	13	this	this	DET
ertr-471	55	14	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	55	15	validated	validate	VERB
ertr-471	55	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	55	17	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	55	18	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	55	19	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	55	20	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	55	21	a	a	DET
ertr-471	55	22	driver	driver	NOUN
ertr-471	55	23	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	55	24	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	55	25	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	55	26	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	56	1	durbarry	durbarry	PROPN
ertr-471	56	2	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	56	3	2004	2004	NUM
ertr-471	56	4	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	56	5	examined	examine	VERB
ertr-471	56	6	real	real	ADJ
ertr-471	56	7	exports	export	NOUN
ertr-471	56	8	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	56	9	real	real	ADJ
ertr-471	56	10	gross	gross	ADJ
ertr-471	56	11	domestic	domestic	ADJ
ertr-471	56	12	product	product	NOUN
ertr-471	56	13	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	56	14	gdp	gdp	NOUN
ertr-471	56	15	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	56	16	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	56	17	mauritius	mauritius	NOUN
ertr-471	56	18	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	56	19	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	56	20	the	the	DET
ertr-471	56	21	vector	vector	NOUN
ertr-471	56	22	error	error	NOUN
ertr-471	56	23	correction	correction	NOUN
ertr-471	56	24	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	56	25	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	56	26	vecm	vecm	NOUN
ertr-471	56	27	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	56	28	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	56	29	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	56	30	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	56	31	tests	test	VERB
ertr-471	56	32	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	56	33	1952	1952	NUM
ertr-471	56	34	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	56	35	1999	1999	NUM
ertr-471	56	36	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	57	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	57	2	authors	author	NOUN
ertr-471	57	3	found	find	VERB
ertr-471	57	4	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	57	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	57	6	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	57	7	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	57	8	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	57	9	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	57	10	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	57	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	58	1	gunduz	gunduz	NOUN
ertr-471	58	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	58	3	hatemi	hatemi	NOUN
ertr-471	58	4	-	-	PROPN
ertr-471	58	5	j	j	PROPN
ertr-471	58	6	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	58	7	2005	2005	NUM
ertr-471	58	8	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	58	9	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	58	10	a	a	DET
ertr-471	58	11	leveraged	leverage	VERB
ertr-471	58	12	bootstrap	bootstrap	NOUN
ertr-471	58	13	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	58	14	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	58	15	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	58	16	turkey	turkey	NOUN
ertr-471	58	17	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	58	18	1963–2002	1963–2002	NOUN
ertr-471	58	19	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	59	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	59	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	59	3	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ertr-471	59	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	59	5	flow	flow	NOUN
ertr-471	59	6	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	59	7	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	59	8	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	59	9	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	59	10	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	59	11	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	59	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	59	13	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	60	1	brida	brida	PROPN
ertr-471	60	2	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	60	3	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	60	4	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	61	1	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	61	2	2008	2008	NUM
ertr-471	61	3	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	61	4	examined	examine	VERB
ertr-471	61	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	61	6	contribution	contribution	NOUN
ertr-471	61	7	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	61	8	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	61	9	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	61	10	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	61	11	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	61	12	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	61	13	chile	chile	NOUN
ertr-471	61	14	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	61	15	the	the	DET
ertr-471	61	16	johansen	johansen	PROPN
ertr-471	61	17	cointegration	cointegration	PROPN
ertr-471	61	18	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	61	19	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	61	20	modified	modify	VERB
ertr-471	61	21	version	version	NOUN
ertr-471	61	22	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	61	23	the	the	DET
ertr-471	61	24	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	61	25	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	61	26	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	61	27	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	62	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	62	2	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	62	3	show	show	VERB
ertr-471	62	4	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	62	5	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	62	6	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	62	7	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	62	8	chile	chile	PROPN
ertr-471	62	9	was	be	AUX
ertr-471	62	10	caused	cause	VERB
ertr-471	62	11	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	62	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	62	13	expansion	expansion	NOUN
ertr-471	62	14	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	62	15	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	62	16	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	62	17	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	62	18	thus	thus	ADV
ertr-471	62	19	supporting	support	VERB
ertr-471	62	20	the	the	DET
ertr-471	62	21	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	62	22	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	62	23	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	62	24	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	62	25	a	a	DET
ertr-471	62	26	driver	driver	NOUN
ertr-471	62	27	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	62	28	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	62	29	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	62	30	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	63	1	brida	brida	PROPN
ertr-471	63	2	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	63	3	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	63	4	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	64	1	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	64	2	2008	2008	NUM
ertr-471	64	3	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	64	4	analyzed	analyze	VERB
ertr-471	64	5	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	64	6	spending	spending	NOUN
ertr-471	64	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	64	8	real	real	ADJ
ertr-471	64	9	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ertr-471	64	10	rates	rate	NOUN
ertr-471	64	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	64	12	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	64	13	real	real	ADJ
ertr-471	64	14	gdp	gdp	NOUN
ertr-471	64	15	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	64	16	mexico	mexico	PROPN
ertr-471	64	17	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	64	18	1980	1980	NUM
ertr-471	64	19	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	64	20	2007	2007	NUM
ertr-471	64	21	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	64	22	the	the	DET
ertr-471	64	23	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	64	24	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	64	25	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	64	26	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	65	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	65	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	65	3	found	find	VERB
ertr-471	65	4	a	a	DET
ertr-471	65	5	direct	direct	ADJ
ertr-471	65	6	causal	causal	NOUN
ertr-471	65	7	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	65	8	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	65	9	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	65	10	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	65	11	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	65	12	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	65	13	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	65	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	66	1	chen	chen	PROPN
ertr-471	66	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	66	3	chiou	chiou	PROPN
ertr-471	66	4	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	66	5	wei	wei	PROPN
ertr-471	66	6	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	66	7	2009	2009	NUM
ertr-471	66	8	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	66	9	also	also	ADV
ertr-471	66	10	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ertr-471	66	11	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	66	12	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	66	13	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	66	14	a	a	DET
ertr-471	66	15	driver	driver	NOUN
ertr-471	66	16	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	66	17	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	66	18	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	66	19	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	66	20	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
ertr-471	66	21	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	66	22	south	south	PROPN
ertr-471	66	23	korea	korea	PROPN
ertr-471	66	24	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	67	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	67	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	67	3	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	67	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	67	5	egarch	egarch	NOUN
ertr-471	67	6	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	67	7	m	m	PROPN
ertr-471	67	8	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	67	9	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	67	10	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
ertr-471	67	11	factor	factor	NOUN
ertr-471	67	12	to	to	PART
ertr-471	67	13	test	test	VERB
ertr-471	67	14	the	the	DET
ertr-471	67	15	causal	causal	ADJ
ertr-471	67	16	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	67	17	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	67	18	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	67	19	expansion	expansion	NOUN
ertr-471	67	20	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	67	21	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	67	22	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	67	23	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	68	1	akinboade	akinboade	PROPN
ertr-471	68	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	68	3	braimoh	braimoh	NOUN
ertr-471	68	4	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	68	5	2010	2010	NUM
ertr-471	68	6	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	68	7	examined	examine	VERB
ertr-471	68	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	68	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	68	10	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	68	11	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	68	12	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	68	13	revenue	revenue	NOUN
ertr-471	68	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	68	15	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	68	16	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	68	17	term	term	NOUN
ertr-471	68	18	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	68	19	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	68	20	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	68	21	south	south	PROPN
ertr-471	68	22	africa	africa	PROPN
ertr-471	68	23	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	68	24	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	68	25	the	the	DET
ertr-471	68	26	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	68	27	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	68	28	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	68	29	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	69	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	69	2	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	69	3	show	show	VERB
ertr-471	69	4	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	69	5	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	69	6	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	69	7	revenue	revenue	NOUN
ertr-471	69	8	causes	cause	VERB
ertr-471	69	9	real	real	ADJ
ertr-471	69	10	gdp	gdp	NOUN
ertr-471	69	11	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	69	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	69	13	short	short	ADJ
ertr-471	69	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	69	15	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	69	16	term	term	NOUN
ertr-471	69	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	70	1	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	71	1	e	e	X
ertr-471	71	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	71	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	71	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	71	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	71	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	71	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	71	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	71	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	71	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	71	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	71	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	71	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	71	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	71	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	71	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	71	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	71	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	71	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	71	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	71	21	65	65	NUM
ertr-471	71	22	mishra	mishra	PROPN
ertr-471	71	23	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	71	24	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	71	25	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	71	26	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	71	27	2011	2011	NUM
ertr-471	71	28	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	71	29	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	71	30	annual	annual	ADJ
ertr-471	71	31	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	71	32	series	series	PROPN
ertr-471	71	33	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	71	34	to	to	PART
ertr-471	71	35	examine	examine	VERB
ertr-471	71	36	the	the	DET
ertr-471	71	37	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	71	38	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	71	39	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	71	40	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	71	41	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	71	42	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	71	43	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	71	44	india	india	PROPN
ertr-471	71	45	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	71	46	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	71	47	the	the	DET
ertr-471	71	48	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	71	49	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	71	50	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	71	51	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	72	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	72	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	72	3	found	find	VERB
ertr-471	72	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ertr-471	72	5	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	72	6	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	72	7	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	72	8	term	term	NOUN
ertr-471	72	9	causal	causal	ADJ
ertr-471	72	10	relationships	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	72	11	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	72	12	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	72	13	activities	activity	NOUN
ertr-471	72	14	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	72	15	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	72	16	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	72	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	73	1	kibara	kibara	PROPN
ertr-471	73	2	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	73	3	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	73	4	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	74	1	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	74	2	2012	2012	NUM
ertr-471	74	3	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	74	4	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	74	5	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	74	6	series	series	PROPN
ertr-471	74	7	data	data	PROPN
ertr-471	74	8	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	74	9	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ertr-471	74	10	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	74	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	74	12	autoregressive	autoregressive	ADJ
ertr-471	74	13	distributed	distribute	VERB
ertr-471	74	14	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	74	15	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	74	16	ardl)-bound	ardl)-bound	NOUN
ertr-471	74	17	testing	testing	NOUN
ertr-471	74	18	approach	approach	NOUN
ertr-471	74	19	to	to	PART
ertr-471	74	20	test	test	VERB
ertr-471	74	21	the	the	DET
ertr-471	74	22	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	74	23	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	74	24	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	74	25	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	74	26	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	74	27	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	74	28	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	74	29	a	a	DET
ertr-471	74	30	multivariate	multivariate	NOUN
ertr-471	74	31	setting	set	VERB
ertr-471	74	32	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	74	33	trade	trade	NOUN
ertr-471	74	34	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	74	35	an	an	DET
ertr-471	74	36	intermittent	intermittent	ADJ
ertr-471	74	37	variable	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	74	38	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	75	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	75	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	75	3	supports	support	VERB
ertr-471	75	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	75	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	75	6	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	75	7	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	75	8	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	75	9	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	75	10	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	75	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	75	12	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	75	13	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	75	14	short	short	ADJ
ertr-471	75	15	term	term	NOUN
ertr-471	75	16	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	76	1	jalil	jalil	PROPN
ertr-471	76	2	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	76	3	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	76	4	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	77	1	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	77	2	2013	2013	NUM
ertr-471	77	3	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	77	4	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	77	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	77	6	ardl	ardl	NOUN
ertr-471	77	7	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	77	8	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	77	9	pakistan	pakistan	PROPN
ertr-471	77	10	during	during	ADP
ertr-471	77	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	77	12	period	period	NOUN
ertr-471	77	13	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	77	14	1972	1972	NUM
ertr-471	77	15	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	77	16	2011	2011	NUM
ertr-471	77	17	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	77	18	found	find	VERB
ertr-471	77	19	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	77	20	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	77	21	runs	run	VERB
ertr-471	77	22	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	77	23	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	77	24	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	77	25	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	77	26	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	77	27	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	78	1	hye	hye	PROPN
ertr-471	78	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	78	3	khan	khan	PROPN
ertr-471	78	4	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	78	5	2013	2013	NUM
ertr-471	78	6	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	78	7	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	78	8	a	a	DET
ertr-471	78	9	rolling	rolling	ADJ
ertr-471	78	10	window	window	NOUN
ertr-471	78	11	boundary	boundary	ADJ
ertr-471	78	12	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	78	13	approach	approach	NOUN
ertr-471	78	14	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	78	15	the	the	DET
ertr-471	78	16	case	case	NOUN
ertr-471	78	17	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	78	18	pakistan	pakistan	PROPN
ertr-471	78	19	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	78	20	observed	observe	VERB
ertr-471	78	21	the	the	DET
ertr-471	78	22	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	78	23	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	78	24	term	term	NOUN
ertr-471	78	25	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	78	26	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	78	27	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	78	28	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	78	29	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	78	30	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	78	31	as	as	ADV
ertr-471	78	32	well	well	ADV
ertr-471	78	33	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	78	34	the	the	DET
ertr-471	78	35	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	78	36	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	78	37	term	term	NOUN
ertr-471	78	38	causal	causal	ADJ
ertr-471	78	39	flow	flow	NOUN
ertr-471	78	40	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	78	41	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	78	42	revenues	revenue	NOUN
ertr-471	78	43	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	78	44	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	78	45	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	78	46	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	79	1	tang	tang	PROPN
ertr-471	79	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	79	3	tan	tan	PROPN
ertr-471	79	4	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	79	5	2013	2013	NUM
ertr-471	79	6	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	79	7	proved	prove	VERB
ertr-471	79	8	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	79	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	79	10	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	79	11	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	79	12	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	79	13	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	79	14	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	79	15	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	79	16	malaysia	malaysia	PROPN
ertr-471	79	17	validates	validate	VERB
ertr-471	79	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	79	19	foresight	foresight	NOUN
ertr-471	79	20	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	79	21	twelve	twelve	NUM
ertr-471	79	22	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	79	23	markets	market	NOUN
ertr-471	79	24	after	after	ADP
ertr-471	79	25	applying	apply	VERB
ertr-471	79	26	the	the	DET
ertr-471	79	27	recursive	recursive	ADJ
ertr-471	79	28	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	79	29	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	79	30	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	79	31	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	80	1	kreishan	kreishan	PROPN
ertr-471	80	2	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	80	3	2015	2015	NUM
ertr-471	80	4	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	80	5	investigated	investigate	VERB
ertr-471	80	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	80	7	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	80	8	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	80	9	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	80	10	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	80	11	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	80	12	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	80	13	bahrain	bahrain	NOUN
ertr-471	80	14	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	80	15	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	80	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	80	17	ardl	ardl	NOUN
ertr-471	80	18	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	80	19	1990	1990	NUM
ertr-471	80	20	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	80	21	2014	2014	NUM
ertr-471	80	22	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	80	23	found	find	VERB
ertr-471	80	24	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	80	25	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	80	26	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	80	27	encourage	encourage	VERB
ertr-471	80	28	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	80	29	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	80	30	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	81	1	bento	bento	NOUN
ertr-471	81	2	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	81	3	2016	2016	NUM
ertr-471	81	4	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	81	5	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	81	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	81	7	quarterly	quarterly	ADJ
ertr-471	81	8	series	series	NOUN
ertr-471	81	9	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	81	10	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	81	11	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	81	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	81	13	period	period	NOUN
ertr-471	81	14	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	81	15	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	81	16	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	81	17	2015	2015	NUM
ertr-471	81	18	to	to	PART
ertr-471	81	19	assess	assess	VERB
ertr-471	81	20	the	the	DET
ertr-471	81	21	temporal	temporal	ADJ
ertr-471	81	22	causal	causal	NOUN
ertr-471	81	23	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	81	24	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	81	25	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	81	26	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	81	27	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	81	28	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	81	29	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	81	30	portugal	portugal	PROPN
ertr-471	81	31	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	82	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	82	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	82	3	separated	separate	VERB
ertr-471	82	4	domestic	domestic	ADJ
ertr-471	82	5	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	82	6	foreign	foreign	ADJ
ertr-471	82	7	tourists	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	82	8	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	82	9	found	find	VERB
ertr-471	82	10	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	82	11	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	82	12	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	82	13	term	term	NOUN
ertr-471	82	14	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	82	15	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	82	16	precedes	precede	VERB
ertr-471	82	17	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	82	18	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	82	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	82	20	thereby	thereby	ADV
ertr-471	82	21	confirming	confirm	VERB
ertr-471	82	22	the	the	DET
ertr-471	82	23	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	82	24	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	82	25	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	82	26	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	82	27	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	82	28	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	83	1	brida	brida	PROPN
ertr-471	83	2	et	et	PROPN
ertr-471	83	3	al	al	PROPN
ertr-471	83	4	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	84	1	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	84	2	2016	2016	NUM
ertr-471	84	3	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	84	4	explored	explore	VERB
ertr-471	84	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	84	6	identity	identity	NOUN
ertr-471	84	7	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	84	8	nonlinearities	nonlinearitie	NOUN
ertr-471	84	9	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	84	10	the	the	DET
ertr-471	84	11	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	84	12	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	84	13	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	84	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	84	15	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	84	16	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	84	17	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	84	18	argentina	argentina	PROPN
ertr-471	84	19	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	84	20	brazil	brazil	PROPN
ertr-471	84	21	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	85	1	their	their	PRON
ertr-471	85	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	85	3	added	add	VERB
ertr-471	85	4	a	a	DET
ertr-471	85	5	way	way	NOUN
ertr-471	85	6	to	to	PART
ertr-471	85	7	specify	specify	VERB
ertr-471	85	8	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
ertr-471	85	9	formats	format	NOUN
ertr-471	85	10	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	85	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	85	12	case	case	NOUN
ertr-471	85	13	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	85	14	brazil	brazil	PROPN
ertr-471	85	15	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	85	16	but	but	CCONJ
ertr-471	85	17	no	no	DET
ertr-471	85	18	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	85	19	correctly	correctly	ADV
ertr-471	85	20	specifies	specify	VERB
ertr-471	85	21	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
ertr-471	85	22	models	model	NOUN
ertr-471	85	23	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	85	24	the	the	DET
ertr-471	85	25	case	case	NOUN
ertr-471	85	26	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	85	27	argentina	argentina	PROPN
ertr-471	85	28	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	86	1	however	however	ADV
ertr-471	86	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	86	3	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	86	4	terms	term	NOUN
ertr-471	86	5	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	86	6	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	86	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	86	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	86	9	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	86	10	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	86	11	this	this	DET
ertr-471	86	12	paper	paper	NOUN
ertr-471	86	13	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	86	14	consistent	consistent	ADJ
ertr-471	86	15	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	86	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	86	17	previous	previous	ADJ
ertr-471	86	18	ones	one	NOUN
ertr-471	86	19	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	87	1	chiu	chiu	PROPN
ertr-471	87	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	87	3	yeh	yeh	PROPN
ertr-471	87	4	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	87	5	2016	2016	NUM
ertr-471	87	6	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	87	7	examined	examine	VERB
ertr-471	87	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	87	9	threshold	threshold	NOUN
ertr-471	87	10	effects	effect	NOUN
ertr-471	87	11	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	87	12	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	87	13	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	87	14	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	87	15	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	87	16	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	ADJ
ertr-471	87	17	e	e	NOUN
ertr-471	87	18	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	87	19	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	87	20	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	87	21	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	87	22	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	87	23	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	87	24	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	87	25	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	87	26	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	87	27	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	87	28	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	87	29	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	87	30	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	87	31	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	87	32	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	87	33	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	87	34	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	87	35	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	87	36	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	87	37	66	66	NUM
ertr-471	87	38	hypotheses	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	87	39	based	base	VERB
ertr-471	87	40	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	87	41	cross	cross	ADJ
ertr-471	87	42	-	-	ADJ
ertr-471	87	43	sectional	sectional	ADJ
ertr-471	87	44	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	87	45	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	87	46	84	84	NUM
ertr-471	87	47	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	87	48	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	88	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	88	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	88	3	investigated	investigate	VERB
ertr-471	88	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	88	5	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	88	6	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	88	7	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	88	8	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	88	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	88	10	relation	relation	NOUN
ertr-471	88	11	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	88	12	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	88	13	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	88	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	88	15	found	find	VERB
ertr-471	88	16	a	a	DET
ertr-471	88	17	positive	positive	ADJ
ertr-471	88	18	linear	linear	NOUN
ertr-471	88	19	impact	impact	NOUN
ertr-471	88	20	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	88	21	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	88	22	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	88	23	’s	’s	PART
ertr-471	88	24	acceptance	acceptance	NOUN
ertr-471	88	25	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	88	26	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	88	27	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	88	28	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	88	29	thereby	thereby	ADV
ertr-471	88	30	confirming	confirm	VERB
ertr-471	88	31	the	the	DET
ertr-471	88	32	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	88	33	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	88	34	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	88	35	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	88	36	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	88	37	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	89	1	vita	vita	PROPN
ertr-471	89	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	89	3	kyaw	kyaw	PROPN
ertr-471	89	4	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	89	5	2016	2016	NUM
ertr-471	89	6	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	89	7	examined	examine	VERB
ertr-471	89	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	89	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	89	10	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	89	11	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	89	12	specialization	specialization	NOUN
ertr-471	89	13	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	89	14	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	89	15	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	89	16	while	while	SCONJ
ertr-471	89	17	taking	take	VERB
ertr-471	89	18	into	into	ADP
ertr-471	89	19	account	account	NOUN
ertr-471	89	20	the	the	DET
ertr-471	89	21	absorption	absorption	NOUN
ertr-471	89	22	rate	rate	NOUN
ertr-471	89	23	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	89	24	host	host	NOUN
ertr-471	89	25	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	89	26	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	89	27	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	89	28	destinations	destination	NOUN
ertr-471	89	29	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	89	30	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	89	31	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	89	32	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	89	33	defined	define	VERB
ertr-471	89	34	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	89	35	the	the	DET
ertr-471	89	36	form	form	NOUN
ertr-471	89	37	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	89	38	financial	financial	ADJ
ertr-471	89	39	system	system	NOUN
ertr-471	89	40	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	89	41	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	90	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	90	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	90	3	uses	use	VERB
ertr-471	90	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	90	5	methodology	methodology	NOUN
ertr-471	90	6	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	90	7	estimation	estimation	NOUN
ertr-471	90	8	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	90	9	current	current	ADJ
ertr-471	90	10	methods	method	NOUN
ertr-471	90	11	to	to	PART
ertr-471	90	12	investigate	investigate	VERB
ertr-471	90	13	this	this	DET
ertr-471	90	14	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	90	15	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	90	16	129	129	NUM
ertr-471	90	17	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	90	18	during	during	ADP
ertr-471	90	19	the	the	DET
ertr-471	90	20	period	period	NOUN
ertr-471	90	21	1995–2011	1995–2011	NUM
ertr-471	90	22	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	91	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	91	2	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	91	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
ertr-471	91	4	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	91	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	91	6	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	91	7	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	91	8	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	91	9	specialization	specialization	NOUN
ertr-471	91	10	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	91	11	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	91	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	91	13	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	91	14	positive	positive	ADJ
ertr-471	91	15	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	91	16	significant	significant	ADJ
ertr-471	91	17	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	91	18	middleand	middleand	NOUN
ertr-471	91	19	high	high	ADJ
ertr-471	91	20	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	91	21	income	income	NOUN
ertr-471	91	22	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	91	23	because	because	SCONJ
ertr-471	91	24	it	it	PRON
ertr-471	91	25	appears	appear	VERB
ertr-471	91	26	to	to	PART
ertr-471	91	27	benefit	benefit	VERB
ertr-471	91	28	more	more	ADV
ertr-471	91	29	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	91	30	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	91	31	specialization	specialization	NOUN
ertr-471	91	32	than	than	SCONJ
ertr-471	91	33	low	low	ADJ
ertr-471	91	34	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	91	35	income	income	NOUN
ertr-471	91	36	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	91	37	do	do	VERB
ertr-471	91	38	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	92	1	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	92	2	addition	addition	NOUN
ertr-471	92	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	92	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	92	5	effect	effect	NOUN
ertr-471	92	6	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	92	7	increasing	increase	VERB
ertr-471	92	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	92	9	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	92	10	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	92	11	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	92	12	specialization	specialization	NOUN
ertr-471	92	13	increases	increase	VERB
ertr-471	92	14	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	92	15	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	92	16	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	92	17	more	more	ADV
ertr-471	92	18	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ertr-471	92	19	financial	financial	ADJ
ertr-471	92	20	systems	system	NOUN
ertr-471	92	21	that	that	PRON
ertr-471	92	22	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	92	23	able	able	ADJ
ertr-471	92	24	to	to	PART
ertr-471	92	25	support	support	VERB
ertr-471	92	26	the	the	DET
ertr-471	92	27	absorption	absorption	NOUN
ertr-471	92	28	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	92	29	these	these	DET
ertr-471	92	30	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	92	31	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	92	32	inbound	inbound	ADJ
ertr-471	92	33	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	92	34	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	93	1	however	however	ADV
ertr-471	93	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	93	3	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	93	4	a	a	DET
ertr-471	93	5	high	high	ADJ
ertr-471	93	6	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	93	7	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	93	8	specialization	specialization	NOUN
ertr-471	93	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	93	10	its	its	PRON
ertr-471	93	11	influence	influence	NOUN
ertr-471	93	12	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	93	13	gdp	gdp	NOUN
ertr-471	93	14	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	93	15	begins	begin	VERB
ertr-471	93	16	to	to	PART
ertr-471	93	17	decline	decline	VERB
ertr-471	93	18	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	94	1	methodology	methodology	NOUN
ertr-471	94	2	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	94	3	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	94	4	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
ertr-471	94	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ertr-471	94	6	to	to	PART
ertr-471	94	7	examine	examine	VERB
ertr-471	94	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	94	9	causal	causal	ADJ
ertr-471	94	10	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	94	11	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	94	12	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	94	13	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	94	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	94	15	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	94	16	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	94	17	this	this	DET
ertr-471	94	18	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	94	19	employs	employ	VERB
ertr-471	94	20	annual	annual	ADJ
ertr-471	94	21	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	94	22	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	94	23	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	94	24	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	94	25	2015	2015	NUM
ertr-471	94	26	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	95	1	gdp	gdp	NOUN
ertr-471	95	2	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	95	3	2010	2010	NUM
ertr-471	95	4	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	95	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	95	6	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	95	7	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	95	8	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	95	9	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	95	10	a	a	DET
ertr-471	95	11	proxy	proxy	NOUN
ertr-471	95	12	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	95	13	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	95	14	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	95	15	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	95	16	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	95	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	96	1	gdp	gdp	NOUN
ertr-471	96	2	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	96	3	purchaser	purchaser	NOUN
ertr-471	96	4	's	's	PART
ertr-471	96	5	prices	price	NOUN
ertr-471	96	6	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	96	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	96	8	sum	sum	NOUN
ertr-471	96	9	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	96	10	gross	gross	ADJ
ertr-471	96	11	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	96	12	added	add	VERB
ertr-471	96	13	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	96	14	all	all	DET
ertr-471	96	15	resident	resident	ADJ
ertr-471	96	16	producers	producer	NOUN
ertr-471	96	17	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	96	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	96	19	economy	economy	NOUN
ertr-471	96	20	plus	plus	CCONJ
ertr-471	96	21	any	any	DET
ertr-471	96	22	product	product	NOUN
ertr-471	96	23	taxes	taxis	NOUN
ertr-471	96	24	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	96	25	minus	minus	CCONJ
ertr-471	96	26	any	any	DET
ertr-471	96	27	subsidies	subsidy	NOUN
ertr-471	96	28	not	not	PART
ertr-471	96	29	included	include	VERB
ertr-471	96	30	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	96	31	the	the	DET
ertr-471	96	32	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	96	33	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	96	34	the	the	DET
ertr-471	96	35	products	product	NOUN
ertr-471	96	36	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	97	1	it	it	PRON
ertr-471	97	2	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	97	3	calculated	calculate	VERB
ertr-471	97	4	without	without	ADP
ertr-471	97	5	making	make	VERB
ertr-471	97	6	deductions	deduction	NOUN
ertr-471	97	7	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	97	8	depreciation	depreciation	NOUN
ertr-471	97	9	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	97	10	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
ertr-471	97	11	assets	asset	NOUN
ertr-471	97	12	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	97	13	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	97	14	depletion	depletion	NOUN
ertr-471	97	15	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	97	16	degradation	degradation	NOUN
ertr-471	97	17	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	97	18	natural	natural	ADJ
ertr-471	97	19	resources	resource	NOUN
ertr-471	97	20	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	98	1	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	98	2	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	98	3	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	98	4	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	98	5	2010	2010	NUM
ertr-471	98	6	u.s	u.s	PROPN
ertr-471	98	7	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	98	8	dollars	dollar	NOUN
ertr-471	98	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	99	1	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	100	1	e	e	NOUN
ertr-471	100	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	100	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	100	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	100	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	100	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	100	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	100	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	100	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	100	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	100	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	100	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	100	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	100	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	100	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	100	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	100	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	100	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	100	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	100	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	100	21	67	67	NUM
ertr-471	100	22	dollar	dollar	NOUN
ertr-471	100	23	figures	figure	NOUN
ertr-471	100	24	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	100	25	gdp	gdp	NOUN
ertr-471	100	26	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	100	27	converted	convert	VERB
ertr-471	100	28	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	100	29	domestic	domestic	ADJ
ertr-471	100	30	currencies	currency	NOUN
ertr-471	100	31	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	100	32	2010	2010	NUM
ertr-471	100	33	official	official	ADJ
ertr-471	100	34	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ertr-471	100	35	rates	rate	NOUN
ertr-471	100	36	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	101	1	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	101	2	a	a	DET
ertr-471	101	3	few	few	ADJ
ertr-471	101	4	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	101	5	where	where	SCONJ
ertr-471	101	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	101	7	official	official	ADJ
ertr-471	101	8	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ertr-471	101	9	rate	rate	NOUN
ertr-471	101	10	does	do	AUX
ertr-471	101	11	not	not	PART
ertr-471	101	12	reflect	reflect	VERB
ertr-471	101	13	the	the	DET
ertr-471	101	14	rate	rate	NOUN
ertr-471	101	15	effectively	effectively	ADV
ertr-471	101	16	applied	apply	VERB
ertr-471	101	17	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	101	18	actual	actual	ADJ
ertr-471	101	19	foreign	foreign	ADJ
ertr-471	101	20	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ertr-471	101	21	transactions	transaction	NOUN
ertr-471	101	22	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	101	23	an	an	DET
ertr-471	101	24	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ertr-471	101	25	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ertr-471	101	26	factor	factor	NOUN
ertr-471	101	27	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	101	28	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	101	29	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	101	30	world	world	PROPN
ertr-471	101	31	bank	bank	NOUN
ertr-471	101	32	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	101	33	2018	2018	NUM
ertr-471	101	34	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	101	35	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	102	1	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	102	2	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	102	3	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	102	4	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	102	5	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	102	6	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	102	7	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	102	8	outbound	outbound	ADJ
ertr-471	102	9	visitors	visitor	NOUN
ertr-471	102	10	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	102	11	other	other	ADJ
ertr-471	102	12	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	102	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	102	14	including	include	VERB
ertr-471	102	15	payments	payment	NOUN
ertr-471	102	16	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	102	17	foreign	foreign	ADJ
ertr-471	102	18	carriers	carrier	NOUN
ertr-471	102	19	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	102	20	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	102	21	transport	transport	NOUN
ertr-471	102	22	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	103	1	these	these	DET
ertr-471	103	2	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	103	3	may	may	AUX
ertr-471	103	4	include	include	VERB
ertr-471	103	5	those	those	PRON
ertr-471	103	6	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	103	7	residents	resident	NOUN
ertr-471	103	8	traveling	travel	VERB
ertr-471	103	9	abroad	abroad	ADV
ertr-471	103	10	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	103	11	same	same	ADJ
ertr-471	103	12	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	103	13	day	day	NOUN
ertr-471	103	14	visitors	visitor	NOUN
ertr-471	103	15	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	103	16	except	except	SCONJ
ertr-471	103	17	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	103	18	cases	case	NOUN
ertr-471	103	19	where	where	SCONJ
ertr-471	103	20	these	these	PRON
ertr-471	103	21	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	103	22	important	important	ADJ
ertr-471	103	23	enough	enough	ADV
ertr-471	103	24	to	to	PART
ertr-471	103	25	justify	justify	VERB
ertr-471	103	26	separate	separate	ADJ
ertr-471	103	27	classification	classification	NOUN
ertr-471	103	28	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	104	1	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	104	2	some	some	DET
ertr-471	104	3	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	104	4	they	they	PRON
ertr-471	104	5	do	do	AUX
ertr-471	104	6	not	not	PART
ertr-471	104	7	include	include	VERB
ertr-471	104	8	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	104	9	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	104	10	passenger	passenger	NOUN
ertr-471	104	11	transport	transport	NOUN
ertr-471	104	12	items	item	NOUN
ertr-471	104	13	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	105	1	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	105	2	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	105	3	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	105	4	current	current	ADJ
ertr-471	105	5	u.s	u.s	PROPN
ertr-471	105	6	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	105	7	dollars	dollar	NOUN
ertr-471	105	8	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	105	9	world	world	PROPN
ertr-471	105	10	bank	bank	NOUN
ertr-471	105	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	105	12	2018	2018	NUM
ertr-471	105	13	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	105	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	106	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	106	2	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	106	3	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	106	4	obtained	obtain	VERB
ertr-471	106	5	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	106	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	106	7	central	central	ADJ
ertr-471	106	8	bureau	bureau	NOUN
ertr-471	106	9	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	106	10	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ertr-471	106	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	106	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	106	13	ministry	ministry	PROPN
ertr-471	106	14	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	106	15	culture	culture	NOUN
ertr-471	106	16	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	106	17	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	106	18	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	106	19	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	106	20	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	106	21	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	106	22	the	the	DET
ertr-471	106	23	world	world	PROPN
ertr-471	106	24	bank	bank	PROPN
ertr-471	106	25	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	107	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ertr-471	107	2	2	2	NUM
ertr-471	107	3	.	.	X
ertr-471	107	4	gdp	gdp	NOUN
ertr-471	107	5	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	107	6	2010	2010	NUM
ertr-471	107	7	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	107	8	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	107	9	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	107	10	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	107	11	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	107	12	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	107	13	2015	2015	NUM
ertr-471	107	14	source	source	NOUN
ertr-471	107	15	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	107	16	world	world	PROPN
ertr-471	107	17	bank	bank	PROPN
ertr-471	107	18	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	107	19	2018	2018	NUM
ertr-471	107	20	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	107	21	the	the	DET
ertr-471	107	22	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
ertr-471	107	23	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ertr-471	107	24	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	107	25	shown	show	VERB
ertr-471	107	26	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	107	27	table	table	NOUN
ertr-471	107	28	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	107	29	.	.	X
ertr-471	107	30	twenty	twenty	NUM
ertr-471	107	31	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	107	32	one	one	NUM
ertr-471	107	33	observations	observation	NOUN
ertr-471	107	34	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	107	35	presented	present	VERB
ertr-471	107	36	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	108	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	108	2	average	average	NOUN
ertr-471	108	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	108	4	real	real	ADJ
ertr-471	108	5	gdp	gdp	NOUN
ertr-471	108	6	was	be	AUX
ertr-471	108	7	us$5.7	us$5.7	ADP
ertr-471	108	8	trillion	trillion	NUM
ertr-471	108	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	108	10	while	while	SCONJ
ertr-471	108	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	108	12	average	average	NOUN
ertr-471	108	13	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	108	14	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	108	15	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	108	16	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	108	17	was	be	AUX
ertr-471	108	18	us$5.76	us$5.76	NUM
ertr-471	108	19	billion	billion	NUM
ertr-471	108	20	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	109	1	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	110	1	e	e	NOUN
ertr-471	110	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	110	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	110	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	110	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	110	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	110	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	110	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	110	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	110	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	110	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	110	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	110	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	110	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	110	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	110	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	110	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	110	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	110	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	110	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	110	21	68	68	NUM
ertr-471	110	22	table	table	NOUN
ertr-471	110	23	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	110	24	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
ertr-471	110	25	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ertr-471	110	26	variable	variable	ADJ
ertr-471	110	27	obs	obs	PROPN
ertr-471	110	28	mean	mean	VERB
ertr-471	110	29	std	std	PROPN
ertr-471	110	30	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	111	1	dev	dev	PROPN
ertr-471	111	2	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	112	1	min	min	PROPN
ertr-471	112	2	max	max	PROPN
ertr-471	112	3	eg	eg	PROPN
ertr-471	112	4	te	te	ADP
ertr-471	112	5	21	21	NUM
ertr-471	112	6	21	21	NUM
ertr-471	112	7	5704874	5704874	NUM
ertr-471	112	8	5.76e+09	5.76e+09	NUM
ertr-471	112	9	1663982	1663982	NUM
ertr-471	112	10	2.93e+09	2.93e+09	NUM
ertr-471	112	11	3897611	3897611	NUM
ertr-471	112	12	2.10e+09	2.10e+09	NUM
ertr-471	112	13	9032793	9032793	NUM
ertr-471	112	14	1.03e+10	1.03e+10	NUM
ertr-471	112	15	note	note	NOUN
ertr-471	112	16	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	112	17	eg	eg	NOUN
ertr-471	112	18	=	=	PUNCT
ertr-471	112	19	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	112	20	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	112	21	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	112	22	ta	ta	ADP
ertr-471	112	23	=	=	SYM
ertr-471	112	24	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	112	25	expenditures	expenditure	VERB
ertr-471	112	26	the	the	DET
ertr-471	112	27	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	112	28	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	112	29	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	112	30	an	an	DET
ertr-471	112	31	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ertr-471	112	32	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	112	33	that	that	PRON
ertr-471	112	34	aims	aim	VERB
ertr-471	112	35	to	to	PART
ertr-471	112	36	determine	determine	VERB
ertr-471	112	37	whether	whether	SCONJ
ertr-471	112	38	a	a	DET
ertr-471	112	39	variable	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	112	40	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	112	41	capable	capable	ADJ
ertr-471	112	42	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	112	43	causing	cause	VERB
ertr-471	112	44	another	another	DET
ertr-471	112	45	variable	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	112	46	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	113	1	as	as	SCONJ
ertr-471	113	2	explained	explain	VERB
ertr-471	113	3	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	113	4	gujarati	gujarati	PROPN
ertr-471	113	5	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	113	6	2003	2003	NUM
ertr-471	113	7	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	113	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	113	9	diebold	diebold	VERB
ertr-471	113	10	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	113	11	1998	1998	NUM
ertr-471	113	12	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	113	13	stated	state	VERB
ertr-471	113	14	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	113	15	a	a	DET
ertr-471	113	16	variable	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	113	17	contains	contain	VERB
ertr-471	113	18	information	information	NOUN
ertr-471	113	19	that	that	PRON
ertr-471	113	20	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	113	21	useful	useful	ADJ
ertr-471	113	22	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	113	23	predicting	predict	VERB
ertr-471	113	24	another	another	DET
ertr-471	113	25	variable	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	113	26	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	113	27	the	the	DET
ertr-471	113	28	system	system	NOUN
ertr-471	113	29	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	113	30	the	the	DET
ertr-471	113	31	future	future	NOUN
ertr-471	113	32	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	114	1	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	114	2	general	general	ADJ
ertr-471	114	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	114	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	114	5	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	114	6	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	114	7	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	114	8	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	114	9	performed	perform	VERB
ertr-471	114	10	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	114	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	114	12	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	114	13	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	114	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	115	1	however	however	ADV
ertr-471	115	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	115	3	this	this	DET
ertr-471	115	4	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	115	5	has	have	VERB
ertr-471	115	6	several	several	ADJ
ertr-471	115	7	weaknesses	weakness	NOUN
ertr-471	115	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	116	1	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	116	2	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	116	3	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	116	4	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	116	5	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	116	6	too	too	ADV
ertr-471	116	7	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
ertr-471	116	8	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	116	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	116	10	selection	selection	NOUN
ertr-471	116	11	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	116	12	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
ertr-471	116	13	number	number	NOUN
ertr-471	116	14	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	116	15	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	116	16	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	117	1	if	if	SCONJ
ertr-471	117	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	117	3	selected	select	VERB
ertr-471	117	4	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	117	5	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	117	6	much	much	ADV
ertr-471	117	7	shorter	short	ADJ
ertr-471	117	8	than	than	ADP
ertr-471	117	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	117	10	actual	actual	ADJ
ertr-471	117	11	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	117	12	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	117	13	then	then	ADV
ertr-471	117	14	it	it	PRON
ertr-471	117	15	will	will	AUX
ertr-471	117	16	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	117	17	biased	bias	VERB
ertr-471	117	18	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	118	1	if	if	SCONJ
ertr-471	118	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	118	3	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	118	4	selection	selection	NOUN
ertr-471	118	5	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	118	6	too	too	ADV
ertr-471	118	7	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	118	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	118	9	then	then	ADV
ertr-471	118	10	the	the	DET
ertr-471	118	11	estimate	estimate	NOUN
ertr-471	118	12	will	will	AUX
ertr-471	118	13	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	118	14	inefficient	inefficient	ADJ
ertr-471	118	15	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	119	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	119	2	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	119	3	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	119	4	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	119	5	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	119	6	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	119	7	determined	determine	VERB
ertr-471	119	8	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	119	9	a	a	DET
ertr-471	119	10	required	require	VERB
ertr-471	119	11	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
ertr-471	119	12	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	119	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	119	14	such	such	ADJ
ertr-471	119	15	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	119	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	119	17	unit	unit	NOUN
ertr-471	119	18	root	root	NOUN
ertr-471	119	19	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	119	20	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	119	21	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	119	22	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	119	23	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	120	1	however	however	ADV
ertr-471	120	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	120	3	both	both	DET
ertr-471	120	4	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
ertr-471	120	5	tests	test	NOUN
ertr-471	120	6	tend	tend	VERB
ertr-471	120	7	to	to	PART
ertr-471	120	8	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	120	9	weak	weak	ADJ
ertr-471	120	10	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	120	11	small	small	ADJ
ertr-471	120	12	samples	sample	NOUN
ertr-471	120	13	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	121	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
ertr-471	121	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	121	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	121	4	resulting	result	VERB
ertr-471	121	5	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	121	6	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	121	7	dubious	dubious	ADJ
ertr-471	121	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	122	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
ertr-471	122	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	122	3	a	a	DET
ertr-471	122	4	non	non	ADJ
ertr-471	122	5	-	-	ADJ
ertr-471	122	6	granger	granger	ADJ
ertr-471	122	7	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	122	8	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	122	9	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	122	10	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	122	11	applied	apply	VERB
ertr-471	122	12	to	to	PART
ertr-471	122	13	investigate	investigate	VERB
ertr-471	122	14	the	the	DET
ertr-471	122	15	causal	causal	ADJ
ertr-471	122	16	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	122	17	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	122	18	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	122	19	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	122	20	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	122	21	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	122	22	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	122	23	such	such	ADJ
ertr-471	122	24	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	122	25	error	error	NOUN
ertr-471	122	26	correction	correction	NOUN
ertr-471	122	27	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	122	28	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	122	29	vecm	vecm	NOUN
ertr-471	122	30	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	123	1	unfortunately	unfortunately	ADV
ertr-471	123	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	123	3	these	these	DET
ertr-471	123	4	methods	method	NOUN
ertr-471	123	5	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	123	6	impractical	impractical	ADJ
ertr-471	123	7	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	123	8	rather	rather	ADV
ertr-471	123	9	complicated	complicated	ADJ
ertr-471	123	10	to	to	PART
ertr-471	123	11	use	use	VERB
ertr-471	123	12	given	give	VERB
ertr-471	123	13	their	their	PRON
ertr-471	123	14	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
ertr-471	123	15	to	to	PART
ertr-471	123	16	parameter	parameter	VERB
ertr-471	123	17	values	value	NOUN
ertr-471	123	18	when	when	SCONJ
ertr-471	123	19	the	the	DET
ertr-471	123	20	sample	sample	NOUN
ertr-471	123	21	numbers	number	NOUN
ertr-471	123	22	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	123	23	limited	limited	ADJ
ertr-471	123	24	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	124	1	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	124	2	a	a	DET
ertr-471	124	3	consequence	consequence	NOUN
ertr-471	124	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	124	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	124	6	estimation	estimation	NOUN
ertr-471	124	7	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	124	8	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	124	9	not	not	PART
ertr-471	124	10	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	124	11	trusted	trust	VERB
ertr-471	124	12	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	124	13	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	124	14	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	124	15	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	124	16	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	124	17	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	124	18	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	124	19	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	125	1	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	125	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	125	3	basis	basis	NOUN
ertr-471	125	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	125	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	125	6	above	above	ADJ
ertr-471	125	7	information	information	NOUN
ertr-471	125	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	125	9	this	this	DET
ertr-471	125	10	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	125	11	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	125	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	125	13	causal	causal	ADJ
ertr-471	125	14	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	125	15	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	125	16	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	125	17	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	125	18	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	125	19	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	125	20	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	125	21	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	125	22	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	125	23	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	125	24	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	125	25	a	a	DET
ertr-471	125	26	valid	valid	ADJ
ertr-471	125	27	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	125	28	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	125	29	both	both	PRON
ertr-471	125	30	integration	integration	NOUN
ertr-471	125	31	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	125	32	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	125	33	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	125	34	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	126	1	according	accord	VERB
ertr-471	126	2	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	126	3	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	126	4	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	126	5	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	126	6	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	126	7	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	126	8	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	126	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	126	10	this	this	DET
ertr-471	126	11	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	126	12	requires	require	VERB
ertr-471	126	13	no	no	DET
ertr-471	126	14	integration	integration	NOUN
ertr-471	126	15	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	126	16	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	126	17	terms	term	NOUN
ertr-471	126	18	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	127	1	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	127	2	addition	addition	NOUN
ertr-471	127	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	127	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	127	5	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	127	6	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	127	7	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	127	8	this	this	DET
ertr-471	127	9	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	127	10	does	do	AUX
ertr-471	127	11	not	not	PART
ertr-471	127	12	require	require	VERB
ertr-471	127	13	a	a	DET
ertr-471	127	14	classical	classical	ADJ
ertr-471	127	15	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ertr-471	127	16	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	127	17	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	127	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	127	19	consideration	consideration	NOUN
ertr-471	127	20	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	127	21	only	only	ADV
ertr-471	127	22	two	two	NUM
ertr-471	127	23	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	127	24	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	127	25	observations	observation	NOUN
ertr-471	127	26	have	have	AUX
ertr-471	127	27	more	more	ADJ
ertr-471	127	28	than	than	ADP
ertr-471	127	29	30	30	NUM
ertr-471	127	30	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	ADJ
ertr-471	127	31	e	e	NOUN
ertr-471	127	32	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	127	33	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	127	34	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	127	35	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	127	36	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	127	37	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	127	38	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	127	39	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	127	40	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	127	41	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	127	42	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	127	43	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	127	44	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	127	45	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	127	46	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	127	47	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	127	48	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	127	49	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	127	50	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	127	51	69	69	NUM
ertr-471	127	52	observations	observation	NOUN
ertr-471	127	53	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	128	1	to	to	PART
ertr-471	128	2	use	use	VERB
ertr-471	128	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	128	4	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	128	5	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	128	6	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	128	7	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	128	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	128	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	128	10	first	first	ADJ
ertr-471	128	11	step	step	NOUN
ertr-471	128	12	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	128	13	to	to	PART
ertr-471	128	14	determine	determine	VERB
ertr-471	128	15	the	the	DET
ertr-471	128	16	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ertr-471	128	17	order	order	NOUN
ertr-471	128	18	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	128	19	dmax	dmax	ADJ
ertr-471	128	20	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	128	21	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	128	22	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	128	23	then	then	ADV
ertr-471	128	24	the	the	DET
ertr-471	128	25	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ertr-471	128	26	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	128	27	k	k	PROPN
ertr-471	128	28	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	128	29	determined	determine	VERB
ertr-471	128	30	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	129	1	afterwards	afterwards	ADV
ertr-471	129	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	129	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	129	4	vector	vector	NOUN
ertr-471	129	5	autoregressive	autoregressive	ADJ
ertr-471	129	6	augmented	augment	VERB
ertr-471	129	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	129	8	var	var	NOUN
ertr-471	129	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	129	10	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	129	11	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	129	12	estimated	estimate	VERB
ertr-471	129	13	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	130	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	130	2	final	final	ADJ
ertr-471	130	3	step	step	NOUN
ertr-471	130	4	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	130	5	to	to	PART
ertr-471	130	6	test	test	VERB
ertr-471	130	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	130	8	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	130	9	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	130	10	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	130	11	wald	wald	PROPN
ertr-471	130	12	’s	’s	PART
ertr-471	130	13	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	130	14	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	130	15	comparing	compare	VERB
ertr-471	130	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	130	17	p	p	NOUN
ertr-471	130	18	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	130	19	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	130	20	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	130	21	degrees	degree	NOUN
ertr-471	130	22	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	130	23	freedom	freedom	NOUN
ertr-471	130	24	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	131	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	131	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ertr-471	131	3	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	131	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	131	5	var	var	NOUN
ertr-471	131	6	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	131	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	131	8	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	131	9	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
ertr-471	131	10	the	the	DET
ertr-471	131	11	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	131	12	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	131	13	developed	develop	VERB
ertr-471	131	14	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	131	15	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	131	16	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	131	17	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	131	18	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	131	19	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	131	20	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	131	21	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	132	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	132	2	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	132	3	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	132	4	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	132	5	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	132	6	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	132	7	requires	require	VERB
ertr-471	132	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	132	9	estimation	estimation	NOUN
ertr-471	132	10	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	132	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	132	12	var	var	NOUN
ertr-471	132	13	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	132	14	to	to	PART
ertr-471	132	15	obtain	obtain	VERB
ertr-471	132	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	132	17	optimum	optimum	ADJ
ertr-471	132	18	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	132	19	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	132	20	k	k	NOUN
ertr-471	132	21	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	132	22	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	132	23	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	132	24	the	the	DET
ertr-471	132	25	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
ertr-471	132	26	tests	test	NOUN
ertr-471	132	27	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	133	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	133	2	general	general	ADJ
ertr-471	133	3	equation	equation	NOUN
ertr-471	133	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	133	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	133	6	var	var	NOUN
ertr-471	133	7	bi	bi	ADJ
ertr-471	133	8	-	-	ADJ
ertr-471	133	9	variate	variate	ADJ
ertr-471	133	10	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	133	11	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	133	12	expressed	express	VERB
ertr-471	133	13	as	as	SCONJ
ertr-471	133	14	follows	follow	VERB
ertr-471	133	15	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	133	16	where	where	SCONJ
ertr-471	133	17	eg	eg	NOUN
ertr-471	133	18	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	133	19	the	the	DET
ertr-471	133	20	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	133	21	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	133	22	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	133	23	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	133	24	te	te	PROPN
ertr-471	133	25	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	133	26	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	133	27	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	133	28	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	133	29	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	134	1	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	134	2	addition	addition	NOUN
ertr-471	134	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	134	4	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	134	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	134	6	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	134	7	parameters	parameter	NOUN
ertr-471	134	8	to	to	PART
ertr-471	134	9	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	134	10	estimated	estimate	VERB
ertr-471	134	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	135	1	dmax	dmax	PROPN
ertr-471	135	2	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	135	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	135	4	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ertr-471	135	5	order	order	NOUN
ertr-471	135	6	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	135	7	integration	integration	NOUN
ertr-471	135	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	136	1	two	two	NUM
ertr-471	136	2	steps	step	NOUN
ertr-471	136	3	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	136	4	involved	involve	VERB
ertr-471	136	5	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	136	6	implementing	implement	VERB
ertr-471	136	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	136	8	procedure	procedure	NOUN
ertr-471	136	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	137	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	137	2	first	first	ADJ
ertr-471	137	3	step	step	NOUN
ertr-471	137	4	includes	include	VERB
ertr-471	137	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	137	6	determination	determination	NOUN
ertr-471	137	7	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	137	8	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ertr-471	137	9	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	137	10	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	137	11	k	k	NOUN
ertr-471	137	12	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	137	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	137	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	137	15	the	the	DET
ertr-471	137	16	second	second	ADJ
ertr-471	137	17	step	step	NOUN
ertr-471	137	18	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	137	19	the	the	DET
ertr-471	137	20	selection	selection	NOUN
ertr-471	137	21	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	137	22	the	the	DET
ertr-471	137	23	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ertr-471	137	24	order	order	NOUN
ertr-471	137	25	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	137	26	integration	integration	NOUN
ertr-471	137	27	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	137	28	dmax	dmax	PROPN
ertr-471	137	29	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	137	30	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	137	31	the	the	DET
ertr-471	137	32	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	137	33	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	137	34	the	the	DET
ertr-471	137	35	system	system	NOUN
ertr-471	137	36	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	138	1	unit	unit	NOUN
ertr-471	138	2	root	root	PROPN
ertr-471	138	3	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	138	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	138	5	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	138	6	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	138	7	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	138	8	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	138	9	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	138	10	starts	start	VERB
ertr-471	138	11	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	138	12	a	a	DET
ertr-471	138	13	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	138	14	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	138	15	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	138	16	data	data	PROPN
ertr-471	138	17	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	138	18	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	138	19	aims	aim	VERB
ertr-471	138	20	to	to	PART
ertr-471	138	21	know	know	VERB
ertr-471	138	22	the	the	DET
ertr-471	138	23	order	order	NOUN
ertr-471	138	24	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	138	25	integration	integration	NOUN
ertr-471	138	26	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	138	27	the	the	DET
ertr-471	138	28	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	138	29	where	where	SCONJ
ertr-471	138	30	the	the	DET
ertr-471	138	31	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	138	32	series	series	PROPN
ertr-471	138	33	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	138	34	become	become	VERB
ertr-471	138	35	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	138	36	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	139	1	thus	thus	ADV
ertr-471	139	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	139	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	139	4	dmax	dmax	ADJ
ertr-471	139	5	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	139	6	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	139	7	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ertr-471	139	8	integration	integration	NOUN
ertr-471	139	9	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	139	10	series	series	PROPN
ertr-471	139	11	data	data	PROPN
ertr-471	139	12	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	139	13	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	139	14	an	an	DET
ertr-471	139	15	important	important	ADJ
ertr-471	139	16	component	component	NOUN
ertr-471	139	17	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	139	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	139	19	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	139	20	interval	interval	NOUN
ertr-471	139	21	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	139	22	the	the	DET
ertr-471	139	23	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	139	24	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	139	25	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	139	26	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	139	27	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	140	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	140	2	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	140	3	series	series	PROPN
ertr-471	140	4	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	140	5	have	have	VERB
ertr-471	140	6	dmax	dmax	VERB
ertr-471	140	7	=	=	SYM
ertr-471	140	8	0	0	NUM
ertr-471	140	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	140	10	if	if	SCONJ
ertr-471	140	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	140	12	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	140	13	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	140	14	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	140	15	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	140	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	140	17	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	140	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	140	19	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	140	20	dmax	dmax	ADJ
ertr-471	140	21	=	=	SYM
ertr-471	140	22	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	140	23	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	140	24	if	if	SCONJ
ertr-471	140	25	the	the	DET
ertr-471	140	26	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	140	27	series	series	PROPN
ertr-471	140	28	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	140	29	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	140	30	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	140	31	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	140	32	first	first	ADJ
ertr-471	140	33	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	140	34	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	141	1	a	a	DET
ertr-471	141	2	set	set	NOUN
ertr-471	141	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	141	4	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	141	5	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	141	6	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	141	7	if	if	SCONJ
ertr-471	141	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	141	9	average	average	ADJ
ertr-471	141	10	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	141	11	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	141	12	variance	variance	NOUN
ertr-471	141	13	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	141	14	the	the	DET
ertr-471	141	15	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	141	16	series	series	PROPN
ertr-471	141	17	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	141	18	do	do	AUX
ertr-471	141	19	not	not	PART
ertr-471	141	20	change	change	VERB
ertr-471	141	21	over	over	ADP
ertr-471	141	22	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	141	23	systematically	systematically	ADV
ertr-471	141	24	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	141	25	the	the	DET
ertr-471	141	26	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	141	27	have	have	VERB
ertr-471	141	28	a	a	DET
ertr-471	141	29	consistent	consistent	ADJ
ertr-471	141	30	average	average	NOUN
ertr-471	141	31	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	141	32	variance	variance	NOUN
ertr-471	141	33	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	142	1	according	accord	VERB
ertr-471	142	2	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	142	3	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	142	4	e	e	NOUN
ertr-471	142	5	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	142	6	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	142	7	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	142	8	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	142	9	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	142	10	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	142	11	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	142	12	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	142	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	142	14	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	142	15	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	143	1	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	143	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	143	3	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	144	1	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	144	2	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	144	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	144	4	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	144	5	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	144	6	70	70	NUM
ertr-471	144	7	books	book	NOUN
ertr-471	144	8	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	144	9	2008	2008	NUM
ertr-471	144	10	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	145	1	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	145	2	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	145	3	series	series	PROPN
ertr-471	145	4	stationary	stationary	PROPN
ertr-471	145	5	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	145	6	have	have	VERB
ertr-471	145	7	a	a	DET
ertr-471	145	8	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	145	9	mean	mean	NOUN
ertr-471	145	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	145	11	variance	variance	NOUN
ertr-471	145	12	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	145	13	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	145	14	autocovariance	autocovariance	NOUN
ertr-471	145	15	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	145	16	all	all	DET
ertr-471	145	17	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	145	18	intervals	interval	NOUN
ertr-471	145	19	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	145	20	lag	lag	PROPN
ertr-471	145	21	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	145	22	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	146	1	generally	generally	ADV
ertr-471	146	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	146	3	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	146	4	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	146	5	series	series	PROPN
ertr-471	146	6	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	146	7	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	146	8	often	often	ADV
ertr-471	146	9	not	not	PART
ertr-471	146	10	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	146	11	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	146	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	146	13	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	146	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	147	1	if	if	SCONJ
ertr-471	147	2	this	this	DET
ertr-471	147	3	condition	condition	NOUN
ertr-471	147	4	happens	happen	VERB
ertr-471	147	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	147	6	then	then	ADV
ertr-471	147	7	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	147	8	conditions	condition	NOUN
ertr-471	147	9	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	147	10	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	147	11	achieved	achieve	VERB
ertr-471	147	12	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	147	13	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
ertr-471	147	14	one	one	NUM
ertr-471	147	15	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	147	16	more	more	ADJ
ertr-471	147	17	times	time	NOUN
ertr-471	147	18	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	148	1	if	if	SCONJ
ertr-471	148	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	148	3	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	148	4	have	have	AUX
ertr-471	148	5	been	be	AUX
ertr-471	148	6	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	148	7	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	148	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	148	9	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	148	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	148	11	then	then	ADV
ertr-471	148	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	148	13	data	data	NOUN
ertr-471	148	14	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	148	15	said	say	VERB
ertr-471	148	16	to	to	PART
ertr-471	148	17	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	148	18	integrated	integrate	VERB
ertr-471	148	19	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	148	20	the	the	DET
ertr-471	148	21	order	order	NOUN
ertr-471	148	22	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	148	23	zero	zero	NUM
ertr-471	148	24	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	148	25	denoted	denote	VERB
ertr-471	148	26	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	148	27	[	[	X
ertr-471	148	28	i	i	X
ertr-471	148	29	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	148	30	0	0	NUM
ertr-471	148	31	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	148	32	]	]	PUNCT
ertr-471	148	33	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	149	1	if	if	SCONJ
ertr-471	149	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	149	3	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	149	4	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	149	5	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	149	6	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	149	7	first	first	ADJ
ertr-471	149	8	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	149	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	149	10	then	then	ADV
ertr-471	149	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	149	12	data	data	NOUN
ertr-471	149	13	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	149	14	integrated	integrate	VERB
ertr-471	149	15	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	149	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	149	17	order	order	NOUN
ertr-471	149	18	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	149	19	one	one	NUM
ertr-471	149	20	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	149	21	denoted	denote	VERB
ertr-471	149	22	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	149	23	[	[	X
ertr-471	149	24	i	i	X
ertr-471	149	25	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	149	26	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	149	27	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	149	28	]	]	PUNCT
ertr-471	149	29	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	150	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	150	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	150	3	uses	use	VERB
ertr-471	150	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	150	5	augmented	augment	VERB
ertr-471	150	6	dickey	dickey	PROPN
ertr-471	150	7	fuller	full	ADJ
ertr-471	150	8	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	150	9	adf	adf	NOUN
ertr-471	150	10	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	150	11	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	150	12	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	150	13	the	the	DET
ertr-471	150	14	unit	unit	NOUN
ertr-471	150	15	root	root	NOUN
ertr-471	150	16	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	150	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	151	1	if	if	SCONJ
ertr-471	151	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	151	3	probability	probability	NOUN
ertr-471	151	4	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	151	5	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	151	6	adf	adf	PROPN
ertr-471	151	7	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	151	8	smaller	small	ADJ
ertr-471	151	9	than	than	ADP
ertr-471	151	10	the	the	DET
ertr-471	151	11	significance	significance	NOUN
ertr-471	151	12	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	151	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	151	14	then	then	ADV
ertr-471	151	15	this	this	DET
ertr-471	151	16	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	151	17	rejects	reject	VERB
ertr-471	151	18	h0	h0	PROPN
ertr-471	151	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	151	20	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	151	21	means	mean	VERB
ertr-471	151	22	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	151	23	the	the	DET
ertr-471	151	24	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	151	25	do	do	AUX
ertr-471	151	26	not	not	PART
ertr-471	151	27	contain	contain	VERB
ertr-471	151	28	the	the	DET
ertr-471	151	29	unit	unit	NOUN
ertr-471	151	30	root	root	NOUN
ertr-471	151	31	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	151	32	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	151	33	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	151	34	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	152	1	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ertr-471	152	2	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	152	3	length	length	NOUN
ertr-471	152	4	optimum	optimum	ADJ
ertr-471	152	5	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	152	6	determination	determination	NOUN
ertr-471	152	7	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	152	8	one	one	NUM
ertr-471	152	9	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	152	10	the	the	DET
ertr-471	152	11	important	important	ADJ
ertr-471	152	12	procedures	procedure	NOUN
ertr-471	152	13	that	that	PRON
ertr-471	152	14	must	must	AUX
ertr-471	152	15	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	152	16	applied	apply	VERB
ertr-471	152	17	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	152	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	152	19	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	152	20	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	152	21	because	because	SCONJ
ertr-471	152	22	var	var	NOUN
ertr-471	152	23	basically	basically	ADV
ertr-471	152	24	analyzes	analyze	VERB
ertr-471	152	25	the	the	DET
ertr-471	152	26	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	152	27	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	152	28	several	several	ADJ
ertr-471	152	29	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	152	30	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	152	31	a	a	DET
ertr-471	152	32	certain	certain	ADJ
ertr-471	152	33	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	152	34	interval	interval	NOUN
ertr-471	152	35	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	152	36	lag	lag	PROPN
ertr-471	152	37	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	152	38	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	153	1	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	153	2	selection	selection	NOUN
ertr-471	153	3	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	153	4	useful	useful	ADJ
ertr-471	153	5	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	153	6	tests	test	NOUN
ertr-471	153	7	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	153	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	153	9	var	var	NOUN
ertr-471	153	10	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	153	11	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	153	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	153	13	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	153	14	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	153	15	given	give	VERB
ertr-471	153	16	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	153	17	the	the	DET
ertr-471	153	18	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	153	19	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	153	20	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	153	21	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	153	22	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
ertr-471	153	23	to	to	PART
ertr-471	153	24	lag	lag	VERB
ertr-471	153	25	selection	selection	NOUN
ertr-471	153	26	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	1	several	several	ADJ
ertr-471	154	2	parameters	parameter	NOUN
ertr-471	154	3	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	154	4	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	154	5	to	to	PART
ertr-471	154	6	determine	determine	VERB
ertr-471	154	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	154	8	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ertr-471	154	9	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	154	10	length	length	NOUN
ertr-471	154	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	12	such	such	ADJ
ertr-471	154	13	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	154	14	final	final	ADJ
ertr-471	154	15	prediction	prediction	NOUN
ertr-471	154	16	error	error	NOUN
ertr-471	154	17	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	18	fpe	fpe	PROPN
ertr-471	154	19	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	20	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	21	akaike	akaike	ADP
ertr-471	154	22	information	information	NOUN
ertr-471	154	23	criterion	criterion	NOUN
ertr-471	154	24	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	25	aic	aic	PROPN
ertr-471	154	26	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	27	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	28	schwarz	schwarz	PROPN
ertr-471	154	29	information	information	NOUN
ertr-471	154	30	criterion	criterion	NOUN
ertr-471	154	31	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	32	sic	sic	ADJ
ertr-471	154	33	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	34	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	35	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	154	36	hannan	hannan	PROPN
ertr-471	154	37	–	–	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	38	quinn	quinn	NOUN
ertr-471	154	39	information	information	NOUN
ertr-471	154	40	criterion	criterion	NOUN
ertr-471	154	41	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	42	hq	hq	NOUN
ertr-471	154	43	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	154	44	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	155	1	var	var	NOUN
ertr-471	155	2	system	system	NOUN
ertr-471	155	3	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	155	4	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	155	5	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	155	6	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	155	7	approach	approach	NOUN
ertr-471	155	8	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	155	9	this	this	DET
ertr-471	155	10	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	155	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	155	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	155	13	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	155	14	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	155	15	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	155	16	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	155	17	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	155	18	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	155	19	preceded	precede	VERB
ertr-471	155	20	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	155	21	the	the	DET
ertr-471	155	22	formation	formation	NOUN
ertr-471	155	23	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	155	24	a	a	DET
ertr-471	155	25	var	var	NOUN
ertr-471	155	26	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	155	27	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	155	28	the	the	DET
ertr-471	155	29	optimum	optimum	ADJ
ertr-471	155	30	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	155	31	interval	interval	NOUN
ertr-471	155	32	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	155	33	lag	lag	PROPN
ertr-471	155	34	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	155	35	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	156	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	156	2	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	156	3	values	value	NOUN
ertr-471	156	4	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	156	5	obtained	obtain	VERB
ertr-471	156	6	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	156	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	156	8	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ertr-471	156	9	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	156	10	length	length	NOUN
ertr-471	156	11	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	156	12	denoted	denote	VERB
ertr-471	156	13	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	156	14	k	k	PROPN
ertr-471	156	15	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	156	16	added	add	VERB
ertr-471	156	17	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	156	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	156	19	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ertr-471	156	20	order	order	NOUN
ertr-471	156	21	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	156	22	integration	integration	NOUN
ertr-471	156	23	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	156	24	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	156	25	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	156	26	obtained	obtain	VERB
ertr-471	156	27	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	156	28	the	the	DET
ertr-471	156	29	unit	unit	NOUN
ertr-471	156	30	root	root	NOUN
ertr-471	156	31	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	156	32	denoted	denote	VERB
ertr-471	156	33	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	156	34	dmax	dmax	PROPN
ertr-471	156	35	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	157	1	thus	thus	ADV
ertr-471	157	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	157	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	157	4	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ertr-471	157	5	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	157	6	length	length	NOUN
ertr-471	157	7	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	157	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	157	9	new	new	ADJ
ertr-471	157	10	var	var	NOUN
ertr-471	157	11	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	157	12	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	157	13	p	p	NOUN
ertr-471	157	14	=	=	PUNCT
ertr-471	157	15	k	k	PROPN
ertr-471	157	16	+	+	PUNCT
ertr-471	157	17	dmax	dmax	ADJ
ertr-471	157	18	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	158	1	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	159	1	e	e	X
ertr-471	159	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	159	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	159	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	159	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	159	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	159	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	159	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	159	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	159	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	159	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	159	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	159	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	159	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	159	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	159	21	71	71	NUM
ertr-471	159	22	modified	modify	VERB
ertr-471	159	23	wald	wald	NOUN
ertr-471	159	24	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	159	25	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	26	mwald	mwald	PROPN
ertr-471	159	27	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	28	the	the	DET
ertr-471	159	29	modified	modify	VERB
ertr-471	159	30	wald	wald	PROPN
ertr-471	159	31	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	159	32	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	33	mwald	mwald	NOUN
ertr-471	159	34	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	35	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	36	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	159	37	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	159	38	the	the	DET
ertr-471	159	39	core	core	NOUN
ertr-471	159	40	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	159	41	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	159	42	the	the	DET
ertr-471	159	43	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	159	44	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	45	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	159	46	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	159	47	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	159	48	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	49	distinguishes	distinguish	VERB
ertr-471	159	50	the	the	DET
ertr-471	159	51	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	159	52	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	159	53	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	159	54	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	159	55	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	159	56	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	159	57	the	the	DET
ertr-471	159	58	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
ertr-471	159	59	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	159	60	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	159	61	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	159	62	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	160	1	if	if	SCONJ
ertr-471	160	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	160	3	probability	probability	NOUN
ertr-471	160	4	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	160	5	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	160	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	160	7	wald	wald	NOUN
ertr-471	160	8	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	160	9	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	160	10	less	less	ADJ
ertr-471	160	11	than	than	ADP
ertr-471	160	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	160	13	significance	significance	NOUN
ertr-471	160	14	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	160	15	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	160	16	then	then	ADV
ertr-471	160	17	h0	h0	PROPN
ertr-471	160	18	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	160	19	rejected	reject	VERB
ertr-471	160	20	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	160	21	thereby	thereby	ADV
ertr-471	160	22	indicating	indicate	VERB
ertr-471	160	23	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	160	24	a	a	DET
ertr-471	160	25	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	160	26	exists	exist	VERB
ertr-471	160	27	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	160	28	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	160	29	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	161	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ertr-471	161	2	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	161	3	unit	unit	NOUN
ertr-471	161	4	root	root	PROPN
ertr-471	161	5	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	161	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	161	7	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	161	8	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	161	9	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	161	10	show	show	VERB
ertr-471	161	11	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	161	12	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	161	13	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	161	14	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	161	15	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	161	16	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	161	17	not	not	PART
ertr-471	161	18	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	161	19	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	161	20	the	the	DET
ertr-471	161	21	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	161	22	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	162	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	162	2	adf	adf	PROPN
ertr-471	162	3	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	162	4	statistic	statistic	NOUN
ertr-471	162	5	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	162	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	162	7	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	162	8	criteria	criterion	NOUN
ertr-471	162	9	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	162	10	smaller	small	ADJ
ertr-471	162	11	than	than	ADP
ertr-471	162	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	162	13	critical	critical	ADJ
ertr-471	162	14	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	162	15	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	162	16	either	either	CCONJ
ertr-471	162	17	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	162	18	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	162	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	162	20	5	5	NUM
ertr-471	162	21	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	162	22	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	162	23	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	162	24	10	10	NUM
ertr-471	162	25	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	162	26	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	163	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
ertr-471	163	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	163	3	testing	test	VERB
ertr-471	163	4	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	163	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	163	6	first	first	ADJ
ertr-471	163	7	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	163	8	should	should	AUX
ertr-471	163	9	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	163	10	performed	perform	VERB
ertr-471	163	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	164	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	164	2	adf	adf	PROPN
ertr-471	164	3	unit	unit	NOUN
ertr-471	164	4	root	root	PROPN
ertr-471	164	5	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	164	6	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	164	7	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	164	8	to	to	PART
ertr-471	164	9	check	check	VERB
ertr-471	164	10	stationarity	stationarity	NOUN
ertr-471	164	11	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	164	12	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	165	1	tables	table	NOUN
ertr-471	165	2	2	2	NUM
ertr-471	165	3	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	165	4	3	3	NUM
ertr-471	165	5	explain	explain	VERB
ertr-471	165	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	165	7	result	result	NOUN
ertr-471	165	8	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	165	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	165	10	stationarity	stationarity	NOUN
ertr-471	165	11	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	165	12	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	165	13	the	the	DET
ertr-471	165	14	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	165	15	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	165	16	the	the	DET
ertr-471	165	17	first	first	ADJ
ertr-471	165	18	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	165	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	165	20	respectively	respectively	ADV
ertr-471	165	21	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	166	1	table	table	NOUN
ertr-471	166	2	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	166	3	reports	report	NOUN
ertr-471	166	4	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	166	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	166	6	null	null	ADJ
ertr-471	166	7	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	166	8	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	166	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	166	10	no	no	DET
ertr-471	166	11	unit	unit	NOUN
ertr-471	166	12	root	root	NOUN
ertr-471	166	13	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	166	14	not	not	PART
ertr-471	166	15	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	166	16	rejected	reject	VERB
ertr-471	166	17	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	166	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	166	19	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	166	20	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	166	21	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	166	22	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	166	23	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	166	24	eg	eg	NOUN
ertr-471	166	25	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	166	26	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	166	27	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	166	28	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	166	29	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	166	30	te	te	PROPN
ertr-471	166	31	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	166	32	when	when	SCONJ
ertr-471	166	33	it	it	PRON
ertr-471	166	34	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	166	35	stated	state	VERB
ertr-471	166	36	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	166	37	the	the	DET
ertr-471	166	38	first	first	ADJ
ertr-471	166	39	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	166	40	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	166	41	irrespective	irrespective	ADV
ertr-471	166	42	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	166	43	the	the	DET
ertr-471	166	44	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	166	45	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	166	46	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	167	1	all	all	DET
ertr-471	167	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	167	3	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	167	4	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	167	5	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	167	6	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	167	7	their	their	PRON
ertr-471	167	8	first	first	ADJ
ertr-471	167	9	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	167	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	168	1	table	table	NOUN
ertr-471	168	2	2	2	NUM
ertr-471	168	3	stationarity	stationarity	NOUN
ertr-471	168	4	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	168	5	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	168	6	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	168	7	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	168	8	variable	variable	ADJ
ertr-471	168	9	adf	adf	PROPN
ertr-471	168	10	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	168	11	statistic	statistic	PROPN
ertr-471	168	12	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	168	13	critical	critical	ADJ
ertr-471	168	14	values	value	NOUN
ertr-471	168	15	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	168	16	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	168	17	5	5	NUM
ertr-471	168	18	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	168	19	10	10	NUM
ertr-471	168	20	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	168	21	eg	eg	NOUN
ertr-471	168	22	1.104208	1.104208	NUM
ertr-471	168	23	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	168	24	0.9960	0.9960	NUM
ertr-471	168	25	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	168	26	−28.91838	−28.91838	NOUN
ertr-471	168	27	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	168	28	0.0001	0.0001	NUM
ertr-471	168	29	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	1	−3.808546	−3.808546	NUM
ertr-471	169	2	−4.571559	−4.571559	NUM
ertr-471	169	3	−3.020686	−3.020686	X
ertr-471	169	4	−3.690814	−3.690814	X
ertr-471	169	5	−2.650413	−2.650413	X
ertr-471	169	6	−3.286909	−3.286909	PROPN
ertr-471	169	7	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	169	8	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	169	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	10	linear	linear	ADJ
ertr-471	169	11	trend	trend	NOUN
ertr-471	169	12	te	te	ADP
ertr-471	169	13	−0.790827	−0.790827	PROPN
ertr-471	169	14	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	15	0.7988	0.7988	NUM
ertr-471	169	16	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	17	−2.654510	−2.654510	PROPN
ertr-471	169	18	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	19	0.2629	0.2629	NUM
ertr-471	169	20	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	21	−3.831511	−3.831511	PROPN
ertr-471	169	22	−4.498307	−4.498307	PROPN
ertr-471	169	23	−3.029970	−3.029970	X
ertr-471	169	24	−3.658446	−3.658446	X
ertr-471	169	25	−2.655194	−2.655194	X
ertr-471	169	26	−3.268973	−3.268973	NUM
ertr-471	169	27	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	169	28	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	169	29	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	30	linear	linear	ADJ
ertr-471	169	31	trend	trend	NOUN
ertr-471	169	32	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	ADJ
ertr-471	169	33	e	e	NOUN
ertr-471	169	34	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	169	35	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	169	36	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	169	37	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	169	38	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	169	39	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	40	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	169	41	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	42	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	43	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	169	44	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	169	45	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	169	46	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	47	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	169	48	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	169	49	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	169	50	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	51	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	169	52	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	169	53	72	72	NUM
ertr-471	169	54	table	table	NOUN
ertr-471	169	55	3	3	NUM
ertr-471	169	56	stationarity	stationarity	NOUN
ertr-471	169	57	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	169	58	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	169	59	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	169	60	first	first	ADJ
ertr-471	169	61	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	169	62	variable	variable	ADJ
ertr-471	169	63	adf	adf	PROPN
ertr-471	169	64	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	169	65	statistic	statistic	PROPN
ertr-471	169	66	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	169	67	critical	critical	ADJ
ertr-471	169	68	values	value	NOUN
ertr-471	169	69	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	169	70	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	169	71	5	5	NUM
ertr-471	169	72	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	169	73	10	10	NUM
ertr-471	169	74	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	169	75	eg	eg	NOUN
ertr-471	169	76	−2.980733	−2.980733	X
ertr-471	169	77	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	78	0.0559	0.0559	NUM
ertr-471	169	79	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	80	−4.715977	−4.715977	PRON
ertr-471	169	81	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	82	0.0076	0.0076	NUM
ertr-471	169	83	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	169	84	−3.857386	−3.857386	X
ertr-471	170	1	−4.571559	−4.571559	X
ertr-471	170	2	−3.040391	−3.040391	X
ertr-471	171	1	−3.690814	−3.690814	PUNCT
ertr-471	171	2	−2.660551	−2.660551	X
ertr-471	171	3	−3.286909	−3.286909	PRON
ertr-471	171	4	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	171	5	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	171	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	171	7	linear	linear	ADJ
ertr-471	171	8	trend	trend	NOUN
ertr-471	171	9	te	te	ADP
ertr-471	171	10	−5.438413	−5.438413	PROPN
ertr-471	171	11	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	171	12	0.0003	0.0003	NUM
ertr-471	171	13	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	171	14	−5.326450	−5.326450	X
ertr-471	171	15	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	171	16	0.0038	0.0038	NUM
ertr-471	171	17	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	171	18	−3.831511	−3.831511	PROPN
ertr-471	171	19	−4.728363	−4.728363	PROPN
ertr-471	171	20	−3.029970	−3.029970	X
ertr-471	171	21	−3.759743	−3.759743	X
ertr-471	171	22	−2.655194	−2.655194	NUM
ertr-471	171	23	−3.324976	−3.324976	NOUN
ertr-471	171	24	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	171	25	constant	constant	ADJ
ertr-471	171	26	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	171	27	linear	linear	ADJ
ertr-471	171	28	trend	trend	NOUN
ertr-471	171	29	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	171	30	addition	addition	NOUN
ertr-471	171	31	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	171	32	to	to	PART
ertr-471	171	33	determine	determine	VERB
ertr-471	171	34	the	the	DET
ertr-471	171	35	stationarity	stationarity	NOUN
ertr-471	171	36	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	171	37	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	171	38	a	a	DET
ertr-471	171	39	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	171	40	series	series	PROPN
ertr-471	171	41	data	data	PROPN
ertr-471	171	42	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	171	43	the	the	DET
ertr-471	171	44	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	171	45	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	171	46	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	171	47	performed	perform	VERB
ertr-471	171	48	to	to	PART
ertr-471	171	49	determine	determine	VERB
ertr-471	171	50	the	the	DET
ertr-471	171	51	dmax	dmax	NOUN
ertr-471	171	52	required	require	VERB
ertr-471	171	53	to	to	PART
ertr-471	171	54	test	test	VERB
ertr-471	171	55	the	the	DET
ertr-471	171	56	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	171	57	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	171	58	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	171	59	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	171	60	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	172	1	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	172	2	other	other	ADJ
ertr-471	172	3	words	word	NOUN
ertr-471	172	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	172	5	this	this	DET
ertr-471	172	6	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	172	7	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	172	8	a	a	DET
ertr-471	172	9	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
ertr-471	172	10	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	172	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	172	12	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	172	13	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	172	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	173	1	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	173	2	addition	addition	NOUN
ertr-471	173	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	173	4	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	173	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	173	6	first	first	ADJ
ertr-471	173	7	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	173	8	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	173	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	173	10	the	the	DET
ertr-471	173	11	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	173	12	found	find	VERB
ertr-471	173	13	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	173	14	the	the	DET
ertr-471	173	15	two	two	NUM
ertr-471	173	16	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	173	17	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	173	18	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	173	19	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	173	20	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
ertr-471	173	21	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	173	22	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	173	23	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	173	24	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	173	25	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	173	26	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	173	27	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	174	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	174	2	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	174	3	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	174	4	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	174	5	various	various	ADJ
ertr-471	174	6	criteria	criterion	NOUN
ertr-471	174	7	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	174	8	critical	critical	ADJ
ertr-471	174	9	values	value	NOUN
ertr-471	174	10	prove	prove	VERB
ertr-471	174	11	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	174	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	174	13	majority	majority	NOUN
ertr-471	174	14	shows	show	VERB
ertr-471	174	15	significant	significant	ADJ
ertr-471	174	16	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	174	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	175	1	thus	thus	ADV
ertr-471	175	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	175	3	we	we	PRON
ertr-471	175	4	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	175	5	conclude	conclude	VERB
ertr-471	175	6	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	175	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	175	8	two	two	NUM
ertr-471	175	9	stationary	stationary	ADJ
ertr-471	175	10	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	175	11	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	175	12	the	the	DET
ertr-471	175	13	first	first	ADJ
ertr-471	175	14	difference	difference	NOUN
ertr-471	175	15	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	175	16	dmax	dmax	ADJ
ertr-471	175	17	levels	level	NOUN
ertr-471	175	18	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	175	19	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	175	20	the	the	DET
ertr-471	175	21	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	175	22	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	175	23	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	175	24	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	175	25	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	175	26	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	175	27	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	175	28	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	175	29	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	175	30	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	175	31	the	the	DET
ertr-471	175	32	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	175	33	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	175	34	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	175	35	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	175	36	the	the	DET
ertr-471	175	37	johansen	johansen	PROPN
ertr-471	175	38	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	175	39	approach	approach	NOUN
ertr-471	175	40	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	175	41	conducted	conduct	VERB
ertr-471	175	42	to	to	PART
ertr-471	175	43	examine	examine	VERB
ertr-471	175	44	the	the	DET
ertr-471	175	45	long	long	ADV
ertr-471	175	46	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	175	47	run	run	NOUN
ertr-471	175	48	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	175	49	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	175	50	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	175	51	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	175	52	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	175	53	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	175	54	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	176	1	table	table	NOUN
ertr-471	176	2	4	4	NUM
ertr-471	176	3	presents	present	VERB
ertr-471	176	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	176	5	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	176	6	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	176	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	176	8	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	176	9	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	176	10	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	176	11	question	question	NOUN
ertr-471	176	12	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	177	1	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ertr-471	177	2	supporting	support	VERB
ertr-471	177	3	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	177	4	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	177	5	not	not	PART
ertr-471	177	6	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	177	7	found	find	VERB
ertr-471	177	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	177	9	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	177	10	no	no	DET
ertr-471	177	11	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	177	12	null	null	ADJ
ertr-471	177	13	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	177	14	being	be	AUX
ertr-471	177	15	rejected	reject	VERB
ertr-471	177	16	at	at	ADP
ertr-471	177	17	the	the	DET
ertr-471	177	18	5	5	NUM
ertr-471	177	19	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	177	20	significance	significance	NOUN
ertr-471	177	21	level	level	NOUN
ertr-471	177	22	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	177	23	both	both	PRON
ertr-471	177	24	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ertr-471	177	25	eigenvalue	eigenvalue	NOUN
ertr-471	177	26	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	177	27	trace	trace	NOUN
ertr-471	177	28	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ertr-471	177	29	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	178	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	178	2	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	178	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	178	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	178	5	johansen	johansen	PROPN
ertr-471	178	6	cointegration	cointegration	PROPN
ertr-471	178	7	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	178	8	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	178	9	shown	show	VERB
ertr-471	178	10	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	178	11	table	table	NOUN
ertr-471	178	12	4	4	NUM
ertr-471	178	13	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	179	1	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	179	2	e	e	NOUN
ertr-471	179	3	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	179	4	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	179	5	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	179	6	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	179	7	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	179	8	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	179	9	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	179	10	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	179	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	179	12	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	179	13	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	179	14	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	179	15	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	179	16	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	179	17	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	179	18	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	179	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	179	20	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	179	21	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	179	22	73	73	NUM
ertr-471	179	23	table	table	NOUN
ertr-471	179	24	4	4	NUM
ertr-471	179	25	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	179	26	tests	test	NOUN
ertr-471	179	27	results	result	VERB
ertr-471	179	28	null	null	ADJ
ertr-471	179	29	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ertr-471	179	30	trace	trace	NOUN
ertr-471	179	31	statistic	statistic	NOUN
ertr-471	179	32	5	5	NUM
ertr-471	179	33	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	179	34	critical	critical	ADJ
ertr-471	179	35	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	179	36	unrestricted	unrestricted	ADJ
ertr-471	179	37	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	179	38	rank	rank	NOUN
ertr-471	179	39	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	179	40	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	179	41	trace	trace	NOUN
ertr-471	179	42	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	179	43	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	180	1	r	r	NOUN
ertr-471	180	2	=	=	SYM
ertr-471	180	3	0	0	NUM
ertr-471	180	4	r	r	NOUN
ertr-471	180	5	=	=	SYM
ertr-471	180	6	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	180	7	11.08957	11.08957	NUM
ertr-471	180	8	15.49471	15.49471	NUM
ertr-471	180	9	unrestricted	unrestricted	ADJ
ertr-471	180	10	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	180	11	rank	rank	NOUN
ertr-471	180	12	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	180	13	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	180	14	maximal	maximal	ADJ
ertr-471	180	15	eigenvalue	eigenvalue	NOUN
ertr-471	180	16	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	180	17	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	181	1	r	r	NOUN
ertr-471	181	2	=	=	SYM
ertr-471	181	3	0	0	NUM
ertr-471	181	4	r	r	NOUN
ertr-471	181	5	=	=	SYM
ertr-471	181	6	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	181	7	10.77681	10.77681	NUM
ertr-471	181	8	14.26460	14.26460	NUM
ertr-471	181	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	181	10	maximal	maximal	ADJ
ertr-471	181	11	eigenvalue	eigenvalue	NOUN
ertr-471	181	12	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	181	13	trace	trace	NOUN
ertr-471	181	14	statistic	statistic	ADJ
ertr-471	181	15	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	181	16	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	181	17	show	show	VERB
ertr-471	181	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	181	19	existence	existence	NOUN
ertr-471	181	20	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	181	21	a	a	DET
ertr-471	181	22	cointegrating	cointegrate	VERB
ertr-471	181	23	vector	vector	NOUN
ertr-471	181	24	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	182	1	thus	thus	ADV
ertr-471	182	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	182	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	182	4	johansen	johansen	PROPN
ertr-471	182	5	cointegration	cointegration	PROPN
ertr-471	182	6	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	182	7	shows	show	VERB
ertr-471	182	8	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	182	9	no	no	DET
ertr-471	182	10	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	182	11	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	182	12	term	term	NOUN
ertr-471	182	13	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	182	14	exists	exist	VERB
ertr-471	182	15	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	182	16	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	182	17	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	182	18	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	182	19	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	182	20	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	183	1	thus	thus	ADV
ertr-471	183	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	183	3	we	we	PRON
ertr-471	183	4	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	183	5	conclude	conclude	VERB
ertr-471	183	6	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	183	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	183	8	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	183	9	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	183	10	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	183	11	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	183	12	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	183	13	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	183	14	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	183	15	not	not	PART
ertr-471	183	16	cointegrated	cointegrate	VERB
ertr-471	183	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	184	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	184	2	finding	finding	NOUN
ertr-471	184	3	means	mean	VERB
ertr-471	184	4	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	184	5	no	no	DET
ertr-471	184	6	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	184	7	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	184	8	term	term	NOUN
ertr-471	184	9	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	184	10	exists	exist	VERB
ertr-471	184	11	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	184	12	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	184	13	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	184	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	184	15	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	184	16	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	185	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	185	2	next	next	ADJ
ertr-471	185	3	step	step	NOUN
ertr-471	185	4	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	185	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	185	6	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	185	7	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	185	8	performed	perform	VERB
ertr-471	185	9	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	185	10	following	follow	VERB
ertr-471	185	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	185	12	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	185	13	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	185	14	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	185	15	method	method	NOUN
ertr-471	185	16	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	186	1	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ertr-471	186	2	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	186	3	length	length	NOUN
ertr-471	186	4	after	after	ADP
ertr-471	186	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	186	6	stationarity	stationarity	NOUN
ertr-471	186	7	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	186	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	186	9	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	186	10	shows	show	VERB
ertr-471	186	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	186	12	order	order	NOUN
ertr-471	186	13	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	186	14	how	how	SCONJ
ertr-471	186	15	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	186	16	series	series	PROPN
ertr-471	186	17	data	datum	NOUN
ertr-471	186	18	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	186	19	integrated	integrate	VERB
ertr-471	186	20	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	186	21	the	the	DET
ertr-471	186	22	var	var	NOUN
ertr-471	186	23	system	system	NOUN
ertr-471	186	24	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	186	25	established	establish	VERB
ertr-471	186	26	to	to	PART
ertr-471	186	27	obtain	obtain	VERB
ertr-471	186	28	optimum	optimum	ADJ
ertr-471	186	29	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	186	30	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	186	31	k	k	NOUN
ertr-471	186	32	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	186	33	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	186	34	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	186	35	will	will	AUX
ertr-471	186	36	then	then	ADV
ertr-471	186	37	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	186	38	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	186	39	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	186	40	the	the	DET
ertr-471	186	41	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	186	42	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	186	43	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	186	44	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	186	45	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	186	46	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	187	1	to	to	PART
ertr-471	187	2	perform	perform	VERB
ertr-471	187	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	187	4	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	187	5	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	187	6	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	187	7	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	187	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ertr-471	187	9	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	187	10	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	187	11	augmented	augment	VERB
ertr-471	187	12	var	var	NOUN
ertr-471	187	13	or	or	CCONJ
ertr-471	187	14	k	k	NOUN
ertr-471	187	15	+	+	CCONJ
ertr-471	187	16	dmax	dmax	ADJ
ertr-471	187	17	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	187	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	187	19	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ertr-471	187	20	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	187	21	length	length	NOUN
ertr-471	187	22	needs	need	VERB
ertr-471	187	23	to	to	PART
ertr-471	187	24	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	187	25	determined	determine	VERB
ertr-471	187	26	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	187	27	addition	addition	NOUN
ertr-471	187	28	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	187	29	the	the	DET
ertr-471	187	30	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ertr-471	187	31	order	order	NOUN
ertr-471	187	32	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	187	33	the	the	DET
ertr-471	187	34	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	187	35	under	under	ADP
ertr-471	187	36	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	187	37	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	188	1	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	188	2	general	general	ADJ
ertr-471	188	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	188	4	several	several	ADJ
ertr-471	188	5	methods	method	NOUN
ertr-471	188	6	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	188	7	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	188	8	to	to	PART
ertr-471	188	9	determined	determined	VERB
ertr-471	188	10	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	188	11	lengths	length	NOUN
ertr-471	188	12	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	188	13	including	include	VERB
ertr-471	188	14	fpe	fpe	PROPN
ertr-471	188	15	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	188	16	aic	aic	PROPN
ertr-471	188	17	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	188	18	sic	sic	ADJ
ertr-471	188	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	188	20	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	188	21	hq	hq	INTJ
ertr-471	188	22	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	189	1	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	190	1	e	e	X
ertr-471	190	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	190	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	190	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	190	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	190	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	190	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	190	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	190	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	190	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	190	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	190	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	190	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	190	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	190	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	190	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	190	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	190	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	190	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	190	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	190	21	74	74	NUM
ertr-471	190	22	table	table	NOUN
ertr-471	190	23	5	5	NUM
ertr-471	190	24	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	190	25	length	length	NOUN
ertr-471	190	26	criteria	criterion	NOUN
ertr-471	190	27	lag	lag	VERB
ertr-471	190	28	metode	metode	PROPN
ertr-471	190	29	pengujian	pengujian	PROPN
ertr-471	190	30	lr	lr	PROPN
ertr-471	190	31	fpe	fpe	PROPN
ertr-471	190	32	aic	aic	PROPN
ertr-471	190	33	sc	sc	PROPN
ertr-471	190	34	hq	hq	NOUN
ertr-471	190	35	0	0	NUM
ertr-471	191	1	na	na	ADP
ertr-471	191	2	0.062546	0.062546	NUM
ertr-471	191	3	2.903808	2.903808	NUM
ertr-471	191	4	3.001980	3.001980	NUM
ertr-471	191	5	2.929853	2.929853	NUM
ertr-471	191	6	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	191	7	120.6357	120.6357	NUM
ertr-471	191	8	0.000280	0.000280	NUM
ertr-471	191	9	−2.507414	−2.507414	NOUN
ertr-471	191	10	−2.212900	−2.212900	NUM
ertr-471	191	11	*	*	SYM
ertr-471	191	12	−2.429279	−2.429279	NOUN
ertr-471	191	13	2	2	NUM
ertr-471	191	14	4.756702	4.756702	NUM
ertr-471	191	15	0.000307	0.000307	NUM
ertr-471	191	16	−2.424433	−2.424433	NOUN
ertr-471	191	17	−1.933578	−1.933578	X
ertr-471	191	18	−2.294209	−2.294209	VERB
ertr-471	191	19	3	3	NUM
ertr-471	191	20	9.932857	9.932857	NUM
ertr-471	191	21	0.000245	0.000245	NUM
ertr-471	191	22	−2.675386	−2.675386	X
ertr-471	191	23	−1.988188	−1.988188	PROPN
ertr-471	191	24	−2.493072	−2.493072	PROPN
ertr-471	191	25	4	4	NUM
ertr-471	191	26	1.898754	1.898754	NUM
ertr-471	191	27	0.000314	0.000314	NUM
ertr-471	191	28	−2.468636	−2.468636	NOUN
ertr-471	191	29	−1.585096	−1.585096	NOUN
ertr-471	191	30	−2.234232	−2.234232	NOUN
ertr-471	191	31	5	5	NUM
ertr-471	191	32	12.20502	12.20502	NUM
ertr-471	191	33	*	*	PUNCT
ertr-471	192	1	0.000184	0.000184	PUNCT
ertr-471	192	2	*	*	PUNCT
ertr-471	193	1	−3.074150	−3.074150	NOUN
ertr-471	193	2	*	*	PUNCT
ertr-471	193	3	−1.994267	−1.994267	NUM
ertr-471	193	4	−2.787657	−2.787657	NOUN
ertr-471	193	5	*	*	SYM
ertr-471	193	6	6	6	NUM
ertr-471	193	7	7	7	NUM
ertr-471	193	8	8	8	NUM
ertr-471	193	9	9	9	NUM
ertr-471	193	10	1.110327	1.110327	NUM
ertr-471	193	11	3.513232	3.513232	NUM
ertr-471	193	12	2.028511	2.028511	NUM
ertr-471	193	13	0.518503	0.518503	NUM
ertr-471	193	14	0.000259	0.000259	NUM
ertr-471	193	15	0.000291	0.000291	NUM
ertr-471	193	16	0.000398	0.000398	NUM
ertr-471	193	17	0.000774	0.000774	NUM
ertr-471	193	18	−2.841756	−2.841756	NUM
ertr-471	193	19	−2.898781	−2.898781	X
ertr-471	193	20	−2.855235	−2.855235	NUM
ertr-471	193	21	−2.625603	−2.625603	NOUN
ertr-471	193	22	−1.565531	−1.565531	NOUN
ertr-471	193	23	−1.426214	−1.426214	NUM
ertr-471	193	24	−1.186326	−1.186326	NOUN
ertr-471	193	25	−0.760351	−0.760351	NOUN
ertr-471	193	26	−2.503173	−2.503173	NUM
ertr-471	193	27	−2.508109	−2.508109	VERB
ertr-471	193	28	−2.412473	−2.412473	X
ertr-471	193	29	−2.130751	−2.130751	NUM
ertr-471	193	30	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	193	31	show	show	VERB
ertr-471	193	32	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	193	33	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	193	34	5	5	NUM
ertr-471	193	35	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	193	36	the	the	DET
ertr-471	193	37	most	most	ADV
ertr-471	193	38	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ertr-471	193	39	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	193	40	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	193	41	the	the	DET
ertr-471	193	42	basis	basis	NOUN
ertr-471	193	43	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	193	44	the	the	DET
ertr-471	193	45	consideration	consideration	NOUN
ertr-471	193	46	that	that	PRON
ertr-471	193	47	lag	lag	VERB
ertr-471	193	48	5	5	NUM
ertr-471	193	49	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	193	50	recommended	recommend	VERB
ertr-471	193	51	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	193	52	lr	lr	PROPN
ertr-471	193	53	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	193	54	fpe	fpe	PROPN
ertr-471	193	55	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	193	56	aic	aic	PROPN
ertr-471	193	57	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	193	58	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	193	59	hq	hq	INTJ
ertr-471	193	60	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	194	1	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	194	2	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	194	3	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	194	4	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	194	5	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	194	6	after	after	ADP
ertr-471	194	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	194	8	stationarity	stationarity	NOUN
ertr-471	194	9	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	194	10	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	194	11	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ertr-471	194	12	lag	lag	NOUN
ertr-471	194	13	determination	determination	NOUN
ertr-471	195	1	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	195	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	195	3	k	k	PROPN
ertr-471	195	4	+	+	CCONJ
ertr-471	195	5	dmax	dmax	ADJ
ertr-471	195	6	used	use	VERB
ertr-471	195	7	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	195	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	195	9	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	195	10	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	195	11	this	this	DET
ertr-471	195	12	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	195	13	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	195	14	6	6	NUM
ertr-471	195	15	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	196	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	196	2	next	next	ADJ
ertr-471	196	3	stage	stage	NOUN
ertr-471	196	4	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	196	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	196	6	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	196	7	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	196	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	196	9	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
ertr-471	196	10	variable	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	196	11	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	196	12	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	196	13	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	196	14	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	196	15	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	196	16	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	196	17	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	196	18	wald	wald	PROPN
ertr-471	196	19	’s	’s	PART
ertr-471	196	20	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	196	21	to	to	PART
ertr-471	196	22	determine	determine	VERB
ertr-471	196	23	the	the	DET
ertr-471	196	24	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	196	25	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	196	26	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	196	27	two	two	NUM
ertr-471	196	28	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	196	29	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	197	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	197	2	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	197	3	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	197	4	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	197	5	determined	determine	VERB
ertr-471	197	6	by	by	ADP
ertr-471	197	7	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	197	8	wald	wald	PROPN
ertr-471	197	9	’s	’s	PART
ertr-471	197	10	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	197	11	through	through	ADP
ertr-471	197	12	a	a	DET
ertr-471	197	13	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ertr-471	197	14	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	197	15	the	the	DET
ertr-471	197	16	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	197	17	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	197	18	p	p	NOUN
ertr-471	197	19	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	197	20	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	197	21	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	197	22	the	the	DET
ertr-471	197	23	degree	degree	NOUN
ertr-471	197	24	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	197	25	confidence	confidence	NOUN
ertr-471	197	26	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	197	27	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	197	28	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	197	29	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	197	30	5	5	NUM
ertr-471	197	31	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	197	32	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	197	33	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	197	34	10	10	NUM
ertr-471	197	35	%	%	NOUN
ertr-471	197	36	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	198	1	if	if	SCONJ
ertr-471	198	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	198	3	p	p	NOUN
ertr-471	198	4	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	198	5	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	198	6	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	198	7	less	less	ADJ
ertr-471	198	8	than	than	ADP
ertr-471	198	9	the	the	DET
ertr-471	198	10	degree	degree	NOUN
ertr-471	198	11	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	198	12	trust	trust	NOUN
ertr-471	198	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	198	14	then	then	ADV
ertr-471	198	15	the	the	DET
ertr-471	198	16	null	null	ADJ
ertr-471	198	17	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	198	18	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	198	19	rejected	reject	VERB
ertr-471	198	20	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	199	1	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
ertr-471	199	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	199	3	the	the	DET
ertr-471	199	4	null	null	ADJ
ertr-471	199	5	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	199	6	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	199	7	accepted	accept	VERB
ertr-471	199	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	200	1	table	table	NOUN
ertr-471	200	2	6	6	NUM
ertr-471	200	3	toda	toda	NOUN
ertr-471	200	4	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	200	5	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	200	6	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	200	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	200	8	modified	modified	ADJ
ertr-471	200	9	wald	wald	X
ertr-471	200	10	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	200	11	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	200	12	results	result	VERB
ertr-471	200	13	p	p	NOUN
ertr-471	200	14	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	200	15	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	200	16	te	te	NOUN
ertr-471	200	17	eg	eg	NOUN
ertr-471	200	18	225.7456	225.7456	NUM
ertr-471	200	19	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
ertr-471	200	20	eg	eg	NOUN
ertr-471	200	21	te	te	ADP
ertr-471	200	22	6.042018	6.042018	NUM
ertr-471	200	23	0.3022	0.3022	NUM
ertr-471	200	24	table	table	NOUN
ertr-471	200	25	6	6	NUM
ertr-471	200	26	reports	report	NOUN
ertr-471	200	27	the	the	DET
ertr-471	200	28	obtained	obtain	VERB
ertr-471	200	29	-test	-test	PROPN
ertr-471	200	30	statistic	statistic	NOUN
ertr-471	200	31	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	200	32	together	together	ADV
ertr-471	200	33	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	200	34	the	the	DET
ertr-471	200	35	estimated	estimate	VERB
ertr-471	200	36	p	p	NOUN
ertr-471	200	37	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	200	38	value	value	NOUN
ertr-471	200	39	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	200	40	the	the	DET
ertr-471	200	41	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	200	42	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	200	43	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	200	44	tests	test	NOUN
ertr-471	200	45	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	201	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	201	2	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	201	3	confirm	confirm	VERB
ertr-471	201	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	201	5	existence	existence	NOUN
ertr-471	201	6	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	201	7	a	a	DET
ertr-471	201	8	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	201	9	–	–	PUNCT
ertr-471	201	10	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	201	11	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	201	12	nexus	nexus	NOUN
ertr-471	201	13	given	give	VERB
ertr-471	201	14	the	the	DET
ertr-471	201	15	positive	positive	ADJ
ertr-471	201	16	causal	causal	ADJ
ertr-471	201	17	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	201	18	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	201	19	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	201	20	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	201	21	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	201	22	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	201	23	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	202	1	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	203	1	e	e	X
ertr-471	203	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	203	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	203	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	203	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	203	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	203	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	203	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	203	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	203	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	203	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	203	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	203	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	203	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	203	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	203	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	203	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	203	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	203	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	203	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	203	21	75	75	NUM
ertr-471	203	22	the	the	DET
ertr-471	203	23	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	203	24	show	show	VERB
ertr-471	203	25	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	203	26	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	203	27	causes	cause	VERB
ertr-471	203	28	a	a	DET
ertr-471	203	29	change	change	NOUN
ertr-471	203	30	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	203	31	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	203	32	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	203	33	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	203	34	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	203	35	they	they	PRON
ertr-471	203	36	support	support	VERB
ertr-471	203	37	the	the	DET
ertr-471	203	38	unidirectional	unidirectional	ADJ
ertr-471	203	39	causal	causal	NOUN
ertr-471	203	40	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	203	41	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	204	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	204	2	finding	finding	NOUN
ertr-471	204	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
ertr-471	204	4	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	204	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	204	6	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	204	7	support	support	VERB
ertr-471	204	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	204	9	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	204	10	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	204	11	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	204	12	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	204	13	encourage	encourage	VERB
ertr-471	204	14	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	204	15	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	204	16	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	204	17	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	204	18	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	204	19	line	line	NOUN
ertr-471	204	20	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	204	21	the	the	DET
ertr-471	204	22	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	204	23	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	204	24	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	204	25	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	204	26	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	204	27	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	205	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ertr-471	205	2	this	this	DET
ertr-471	205	3	paper	paper	NOUN
ertr-471	205	4	investigates	investigate	VERB
ertr-471	205	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	205	6	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	205	7	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	205	8	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	205	9	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	205	10	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	205	11	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	205	12	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	205	13	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	205	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	205	15	aims	aim	VERB
ertr-471	205	16	to	to	PART
ertr-471	205	17	extend	extend	VERB
ertr-471	205	18	the	the	DET
ertr-471	205	19	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	205	20	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	205	21	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	205	22	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	205	23	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	205	24	applied	apply	VERB
ertr-471	205	25	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	205	26	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	205	27	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	205	28	2016	2016	NUM
ertr-471	205	29	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	206	1	we	we	PRON
ertr-471	206	2	use	use	VERB
ertr-471	206	3	johansen	johansen	PROPN
ertr-471	206	4	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	206	5	approach	approach	NOUN
ertr-471	206	6	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	206	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	206	8	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	206	9	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	206	10	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	206	11	causality	causality	PROPN
ertr-471	206	12	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	206	13	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	207	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	207	2	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	207	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	207	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	207	5	unit	unit	NOUN
ertr-471	207	6	root	root	NOUN
ertr-471	207	7	tests	test	NOUN
ertr-471	207	8	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	207	9	adf	adf	NOUN
ertr-471	207	10	tests	test	NOUN
ertr-471	207	11	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	207	12	indicate	indicate	VERB
ertr-471	207	13	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	207	14	the	the	DET
ertr-471	207	15	variables	variable	NOUN
ertr-471	207	16	were	be	AUX
ertr-471	207	17	i	i	PRON
ertr-471	207	18	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	207	19	1	1	NUM
ertr-471	207	20	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	207	21	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	208	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	208	2	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
ertr-471	208	3	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	208	4	show	show	VERB
ertr-471	208	5	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	208	6	no	no	DET
ertr-471	208	7	long	long	ADJ
ertr-471	208	8	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	208	9	term	term	NOUN
ertr-471	208	10	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	208	11	exists	exist	VERB
ertr-471	208	12	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	208	13	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	208	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	208	15	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	208	16	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	208	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	209	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	209	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ertr-471	209	3	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	209	4	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	209	5	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	209	6	support	support	VERB
ertr-471	209	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	209	8	unidirectional	unidirectional	ADJ
ertr-471	209	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	209	10	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	209	11	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	209	12	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	209	13	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	209	14	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	209	15	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	210	1	this	this	DET
ertr-471	210	2	finding	finding	NOUN
ertr-471	210	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
ertr-471	210	4	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	210	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	210	6	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	210	7	support	support	VERB
ertr-471	210	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	210	9	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	210	10	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	210	11	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	210	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	210	13	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	210	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	210	15	which	which	PRON
ertr-471	210	16	states	state	VERB
ertr-471	210	17	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	210	18	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	210	19	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	210	20	encourage	encourage	VERB
ertr-471	210	21	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	210	22	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	210	23	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	211	1	thus	thus	ADV
ertr-471	211	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	211	3	given	give	VERB
ertr-471	211	4	that	that	SCONJ
ertr-471	211	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	211	6	results	result	NOUN
ertr-471	211	7	support	support	VERB
ertr-471	211	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	211	9	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	211	10	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	211	11	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	211	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	211	13	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	211	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	211	15	the	the	DET
ertr-471	211	16	government	government	NOUN
ertr-471	211	17	should	should	AUX
ertr-471	211	18	allocate	allocate	VERB
ertr-471	211	19	more	more	ADJ
ertr-471	211	20	resources	resource	NOUN
ertr-471	211	21	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	211	22	the	the	DET
ertr-471	211	23	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	211	24	industry	industry	NOUN
ertr-471	211	25	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	212	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
ertr-471	212	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	212	3	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	212	4	measures	measure	NOUN
ertr-471	212	5	to	to	PART
ertr-471	212	6	develop	develop	VERB
ertr-471	212	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	212	8	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	212	9	sector	sector	NOUN
ertr-471	212	10	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	212	11	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	212	12	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	212	13	increase	increase	VERB
ertr-471	212	14	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	212	15	demand	demand	NOUN
ertr-471	212	16	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	212	17	supply	supply	NOUN
ertr-471	212	18	may	may	AUX
ertr-471	212	19	be	be	AUX
ertr-471	212	20	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
ertr-471	212	21	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	213	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	213	2	government	government	NOUN
ertr-471	213	3	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	213	4	support	support	VERB
ertr-471	213	5	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ertr-471	213	6	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	213	7	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	213	8	the	the	DET
ertr-471	213	9	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	213	10	industry	industry	NOUN
ertr-471	213	11	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	213	12	promote	promote	VERB
ertr-471	213	13	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	213	14	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	213	15	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	213	16	through	through	ADP
ertr-471	213	17	additional	additional	ADJ
ertr-471	213	18	advertisements	advertisement	NOUN
ertr-471	213	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	213	20	reduced	reduce	VERB
ertr-471	213	21	visa	visa	NOUN
ertr-471	213	22	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
ertr-471	213	23	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	213	24	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	213	25	discounts	discount	NOUN
ertr-471	213	26	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	213	27	tourist	tourist	NOUN
ertr-471	213	28	groups	group	NOUN
ertr-471	213	29	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	214	1	thus	thus	ADV
ertr-471	214	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	214	3	an	an	DET
ertr-471	214	4	expansive	expansive	ADJ
ertr-471	214	5	government	government	NOUN
ertr-471	214	6	policy	policy	NOUN
ertr-471	214	7	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	214	8	needed	need	VERB
ertr-471	214	9	to	to	PART
ertr-471	214	10	promote	promote	VERB
ertr-471	214	11	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	214	12	increase	increase	VERB
ertr-471	214	13	the	the	DET
ertr-471	214	14	demand	demand	NOUN
ertr-471	214	15	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	214	16	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	214	17	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	214	18	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	214	19	stimulate	stimulate	VERB
ertr-471	214	20	the	the	DET
ertr-471	214	21	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	214	22	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	214	23	private	private	ADJ
ertr-471	214	24	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	214	25	public	public	ADJ
ertr-471	214	26	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ertr-471	214	27	that	that	PRON
ertr-471	214	28	can	can	AUX
ertr-471	214	29	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
ertr-471	214	30	the	the	DET
ertr-471	214	31	increased	increase	VERB
ertr-471	214	32	demand	demand	NOUN
ertr-471	214	33	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	215	1	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	216	1	e	e	X
ertr-471	216	2	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	216	3	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	216	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	216	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	216	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	216	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	216	8	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	216	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	216	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	216	11	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	216	12	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	216	13	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	216	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	216	15	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	216	16	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	216	17	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	216	18	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	216	19	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	216	20	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	216	21	76	76	NUM
ertr-471	216	22	references	reference	NOUN
ertr-471	216	23	akinboade	akinboade	PROPN
ertr-471	216	24	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	216	25	o.	o.	PROPN
ertr-471	216	26	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	216	27	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	216	28	braimoh	braimoh	NOUN
ertr-471	216	29	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	216	30	l.	l.	PROPN
ertr-471	216	31	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	216	32	2010	2010	NUM
ertr-471	216	33	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	216	34	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	217	1	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	217	2	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	217	3	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	217	4	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	217	5	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	217	6	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	217	7	south	south	PROPN
ertr-471	217	8	africa	africa	PROPN
ertr-471	217	9	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	217	10	a	a	DET
ertr-471	217	11	granger	granger	PROPN
ertr-471	217	12	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	217	13	test	test	NOUN
ertr-471	217	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	218	1	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	218	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ertr-471	218	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	218	4	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	218	5	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	218	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	218	7	12	12	NUM
ertr-471	218	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	218	9	149–163	149–163	NUM
ertr-471	218	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	219	1	https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.743	https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.743	PROPN
ertr-471	219	2	balaguer	balaguer	PROPN
ertr-471	219	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	219	4	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	219	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	219	6	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	219	7	cantavella	cantavella	NOUN
ertr-471	219	8	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	219	9	jordá	jordá	ADJ
ertr-471	219	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	219	11	m.	m.	NOUN
ertr-471	219	12	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	219	13	2002	2002	NUM
ertr-471	219	14	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	219	15	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	220	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	220	2	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	220	3	a	a	DET
ertr-471	220	4	long	long	ADV
ertr-471	220	5	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	220	6	run	run	VERB
ertr-471	220	7	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	220	8	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	220	9	factor	factor	NOUN
ertr-471	220	10	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	220	11	the	the	DET
ertr-471	220	12	spanish	spanish	ADJ
ertr-471	220	13	case	case	NOUN
ertr-471	220	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	221	1	applied	apply	VERB
ertr-471	221	2	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	221	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	221	4	34(7	34(7	NUM
ertr-471	221	5	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	221	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	221	7	877–884	877–884	NUM
ertr-471	221	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	222	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840110058923	https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840110058923	PRON
ertr-471	222	2	bento	bento	NOUN
ertr-471	222	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	222	4	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	222	5	p.	p.	PROPN
ertr-471	222	6	c.	c.	PROPN
ertr-471	222	7	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	222	8	2016	2016	NUM
ertr-471	222	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	222	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	223	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	223	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	223	3	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	223	4	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	223	5	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	223	6	portugal	portugal	PROPN
ertr-471	223	7	 	 	SPACE
ertr-471	223	8	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	223	9	an	an	DET
ertr-471	223	10	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ertr-471	223	11	investigation	investigation	NOUN
ertr-471	223	12	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	223	13	causal	causal	ADJ
ertr-471	223	14	links	link	NOUN
ertr-471	223	15	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	224	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	224	2	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	224	3	management	management	PROPN
ertr-471	224	4	stuidies	stuidie	NOUN
ertr-471	224	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	224	6	12(1	12(1	NUM
ertr-471	224	7	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	224	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	224	9	164–171	164–171	NUM
ertr-471	224	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	225	1	https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2016.12117	https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2016.12117	PROPN
ertr-471	225	2	bharat	bharat	PROPN
ertr-471	225	3	r.	r.	PROPN
ertr-471	225	4	hazari	hazari	PROPN
ertr-471	225	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	225	6	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	225	7	sgro	sgro	PROPN
ertr-471	225	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	225	9	p.	p.	NOUN
ertr-471	225	10	m.	m.	NOUN
ertr-471	225	11	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	225	12	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	225	13	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	225	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	226	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	226	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	226	3	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	226	4	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	226	5	a	a	DET
ertr-471	226	6	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
ertr-471	226	7	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	226	8	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	226	9	trade	trade	NOUN
ertr-471	226	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	227	2	journal	journal	NOUN
ertr-471	227	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	227	4	international	international	PROPN
ertr-471	227	5	trade	trade	PROPN
ertr-471	227	6	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	227	7	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	227	8	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	227	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	10	4(2	4(2	NUM
ertr-471	227	11	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	12	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	13	243–252	243–252	NUM
ertr-471	227	14	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	227	15	https://doi.org/10.1080/09638199500000019	https://doi.org/10.1080/09638199500000019	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	16	blake	blake	PROPN
ertr-471	227	17	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	18	a.	a.	PROPN
ertr-471	227	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	20	sinclair	sinclair	PROPN
ertr-471	227	21	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	22	m.	m.	NOUN
ertr-471	227	23	t.	t.	PROPN
ertr-471	227	24	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	25	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	227	26	soria	soria	PROPN
ertr-471	227	27	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	28	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	227	29	a.	a.	PROPN
ertr-471	227	30	c.	c.	PROPN
ertr-471	227	31	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	32	2006	2006	NUM
ertr-471	227	33	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	227	34	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	228	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	228	2	productivity	productivity	NOUN
ertr-471	228	3	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	228	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ertr-471	228	5	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	228	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	228	7	united	united	ADJ
ertr-471	228	8	kingdom	kingdom	PROPN
ertr-471	228	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	229	1	annals	annal	NOUN
ertr-471	229	2	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	229	3	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	229	4	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	229	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	229	6	33(4	33(4	NUM
ertr-471	229	7	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	229	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	229	9	1099–1120	1099–1120	NUM
ertr-471	229	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	230	1	brau	brau	PROPN
ertr-471	230	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	230	3	r.	r.	PROPN
ertr-471	230	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	230	5	lanza	lanza	PROPN
ertr-471	230	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	230	7	a.	a.	PROPN
ertr-471	230	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	230	9	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	230	10	pigliaru	pigliaru	PROPN
ertr-471	230	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	230	12	f.	f.	PROPN
ertr-471	230	13	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	230	14	2003	2003	NUM
ertr-471	230	15	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	230	16	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	231	1	how	how	SCONJ
ertr-471	231	2	fast	fast	ADV
ertr-471	231	3	are	be	AUX
ertr-471	231	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	231	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	231	6	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	231	7	growing	grow	VERB
ertr-471	231	8	?	?	PUNCT
ertr-471	232	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	232	2	cross	cross	ADJ
ertr-471	232	3	-	-	ADJ
ertr-471	232	4	country	country	ADJ
ertr-471	232	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ertr-471	232	6	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	233	1	brida	brida	PROPN
ertr-471	233	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	233	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	233	4	g.	g.	PROPN
ertr-471	233	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	233	6	lanzilotta	lanzilotta	PROPN
ertr-471	233	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	233	8	b.	b.	PROPN
ertr-471	233	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	233	10	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	233	11	pizzolon	pizzolon	PROPN
ertr-471	233	12	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	233	13	f.	f.	PROPN
ertr-471	233	14	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	233	15	2016	2016	NUM
ertr-471	233	16	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	233	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	234	1	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
ertr-471	234	2	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ertr-471	234	3	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	234	4	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	234	5	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	234	6	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	234	7	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	234	8	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	234	9	mercosur	mercosur	PROPN
ertr-471	234	10	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	234	11	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	234	12	a	a	DET
ertr-471	234	13	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
ertr-471	234	14	approach	approach	NOUN
ertr-471	234	15	based	base	VERB
ertr-471	234	16	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	234	17	asymmetric	asymmetric	ADJ
ertr-471	234	18	time	time	NOUN
ertr-471	234	19	series	series	NOUN
ertr-471	234	20	models	model	NOUN
ertr-471	234	21	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	235	1	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	235	2	bulletin	bulletin	NOUN
ertr-471	235	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	235	4	36(2	36(2	NUM
ertr-471	235	5	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	235	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	235	7	879–894	879–894	NUM
ertr-471	235	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	236	1	brida	brida	PROPN
ertr-471	236	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	236	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	236	4	g.	g.	PROPN
ertr-471	236	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	236	6	risso	risso	PROPN
ertr-471	236	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	236	8	w.	w.	PROPN
ertr-471	236	9	a.	a.	PROPN
ertr-471	236	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	236	11	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	236	12	bonapace	bonapace	PROPN
ertr-471	236	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	236	14	a.	a.	NOUN
ertr-471	236	15	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	236	16	2008	2008	NUM
ertr-471	236	17	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	236	18	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	237	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	237	2	contribution	contribution	NOUN
ertr-471	237	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	237	4	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	237	5	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	237	6	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	237	7	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	237	8	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	237	9	an	an	DET
ertr-471	237	10	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ertr-471	237	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ertr-471	237	12	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	237	13	the	the	DET
ertr-471	237	14	case	case	NOUN
ertr-471	237	15	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	237	16	chile	chile	PROPN
ertr-471	237	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	238	1	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ertr-471	238	2	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	238	3	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	239	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ertr-471	239	2	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	239	3	http://ssrn.com/abstract=1298404	http://ssrn.com/abstract=1298404	PROPN
ertr-471	239	4	brida	brida	PROPN
ertr-471	239	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	239	6	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	239	7	g.	g.	PROPN
ertr-471	239	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	239	9	risso	risso	PROPN
ertr-471	239	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	239	11	w.	w.	PROPN
ertr-471	239	12	a.	a.	PROPN
ertr-471	239	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	239	14	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	239	15	carrera	carrera	PROPN
ertr-471	239	16	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	239	17	e.	e.	PROPN
ertr-471	239	18	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	239	19	s.	s.	PROPN
ertr-471	239	20	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	239	21	2008	2008	NUM
ertr-471	239	22	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	239	23	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	240	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	240	2	’s	’s	PART
ertr-471	240	3	impact	impact	NOUN
ertr-471	240	4	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	240	5	long	long	ADV
ertr-471	240	6	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	240	7	run	run	VERB
ertr-471	240	8	mexican	mexican	ADJ
ertr-471	240	9	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	240	10	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	240	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	241	1	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	241	2	bulletin	bulletin	NOUN
ertr-471	241	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	241	4	3(21	3(21	NUM
ertr-471	241	5	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	241	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	241	7	1–8	1–8	X
ertr-471	241	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	241	9	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ertr-471	241	10	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	241	11	http://economicsbulletin.vanderbilt.edu/2008/volume3/eb-07c20155a.pdf	http://economicsbulletin.vanderbilt.edu/2008/volume3/eb-07c20155a.pdf	NOUN
ertr-471	241	12	brooks	brooks	NOUN
ertr-471	241	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	241	14	c.	c.	NOUN
ertr-471	241	15	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	241	16	2008	2008	NUM
ertr-471	241	17	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	241	18	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	242	1	introductory	introductory	ADJ
ertr-471	242	2	econometrics	econometric	NOUN
ertr-471	242	3	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	242	4	finance	finance	NOUN
ertr-471	242	5	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	242	6	second	second	PROPN
ertr-471	242	7	edi	edi	PROPN
ertr-471	242	8	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	242	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	243	1	united	united	PROPN
ertr-471	243	2	states	states	PROPN
ertr-471	243	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	243	4	america	america	PROPN
ertr-471	243	5	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	243	6	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
ertr-471	243	7	university	university	PROPN
ertr-471	243	8	press	press	NOUN
ertr-471	243	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	244	1	candela	candela	NOUN
ertr-471	244	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	244	3	g.	g.	PROPN
ertr-471	244	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	244	5	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	244	6	cellini	cellini	PROPN
ertr-471	244	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	244	8	r.	r.	PROPN
ertr-471	244	9	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	244	10	1997	1997	NUM
ertr-471	244	11	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	244	12	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	245	1	countries	country	NOUN
ertr-471	245	2	’	'	PUNCT
ertr-471	245	3	size	size	NOUN
ertr-471	245	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	245	5	consumers	consumer	NOUN
ertr-471	245	6	’	'	PUNCT
ertr-471	245	7	preferences	preference	NOUN
ertr-471	245	8	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	245	9	specialisation	specialisation	NOUN
ertr-471	245	10	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	245	11	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	245	12	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	245	13	a	a	DET
ertr-471	245	14	note	note	NOUN
ertr-471	245	15	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	246	1	rivista	rivista	PROPN
ertr-471	246	2	internazionale	internazionale	PROPN
ertr-471	246	3	di	di	PROPN
ertr-471	246	4	scienze	scienze	PROPN
ertr-471	246	5	economiche	economiche	PROPN
ertr-471	246	6	e	e	PROPN
ertr-471	246	7	commerciali	commerciali	PROPN
ertr-471	246	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	246	9	44	44	NUM
ertr-471	246	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	246	11	451–457	451–457	NUM
ertr-471	246	12	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	247	1	chen	chen	PROPN
ertr-471	247	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	247	3	c.	c.	PROPN
ertr-471	247	4	f.	f.	PROPN
ertr-471	247	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	247	6	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	247	7	chiou	chiou	PROPN
ertr-471	247	8	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	247	9	wei	wei	PROPN
ertr-471	247	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	247	11	s.	s.	PROPN
ertr-471	247	12	z.	z.	PROPN
ertr-471	247	13	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	247	14	2009	2009	NUM
ertr-471	247	15	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	247	16	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	248	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	248	2	expansion	expansion	NOUN
ertr-471	248	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	248	4	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	248	5	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
ertr-471	248	6	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	248	7	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	248	8	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	248	9	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	248	10	new	new	ADJ
ertr-471	248	11	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ertr-471	248	12	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	248	13	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
ertr-471	248	14	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	248	15	korea	korea	PROPN
ertr-471	248	16	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	249	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	249	2	management	management	NOUN
ertr-471	249	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	249	4	30(6	30(6	NUM
ertr-471	249	5	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	249	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	249	7	812–818	812–818	NUM
ertr-471	249	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	250	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.12.013	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.12.013	NUM
ertr-471	250	2	chiu	chiu	PROPN
ertr-471	250	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	250	4	y.	y.	PROPN
ertr-471	250	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	250	6	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	250	7	yeh	yeh	PROPN
ertr-471	250	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	250	9	l.	l.	PROPN
ertr-471	250	10	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	250	11	2016	2016	NUM
ertr-471	250	12	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	250	13	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	251	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	251	2	threshold	threshold	NOUN
ertr-471	251	3	effects	effect	NOUN
ertr-471	251	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	251	5	the	the	DET
ertr-471	251	6	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	251	7	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	251	8	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	251	9	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	251	10	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	251	11	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	251	12	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ertr-471	251	13	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	251	14	a	a	DET
ertr-471	251	15	cross	cross	ADJ
ertr-471	251	16	-	-	ADJ
ertr-471	251	17	sectional	sectional	ADJ
ertr-471	251	18	model	model	NOUN
ertr-471	251	19	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	252	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ertr-471	252	2	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	252	3	travel	travel	NOUN
ertr-471	252	4	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	252	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	252	6	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	252	7	51	51	NUM
ertr-471	252	8	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	252	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	253	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287516650938	https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287516650938	PROPN
ertr-471	253	2	cooper	cooper	NOUN
ertr-471	253	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	253	4	c.	c.	PROPN
ertr-471	253	5	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	253	6	2008	2008	NUM
ertr-471	253	7	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	253	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	254	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	254	2	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	254	3	principles	principle	NOUN
ertr-471	254	4	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	254	5	practice	practice	NOUN
ertr-471	254	6	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	254	7	4th	4th	ADJ
ertr-471	254	8	editio	editio	NOUN
ertr-471	254	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	254	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	255	1	harlow	harlow	PROPN
ertr-471	255	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	255	3	england	england	PROPN
ertr-471	255	4	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	255	5	prentice	prentice	PROPN
ertr-471	255	6	hall	hall	PROPN
ertr-471	255	7	financial	financial	PROPN
ertr-471	255	8	times	times	PROPN
ertr-471	255	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	256	1	diebold	diebold	PROPN
ertr-471	256	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	256	3	f.	f.	PROPN
ertr-471	256	4	x.	x.	PROPN
ertr-471	257	1	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	257	2	1998	1998	NUM
ertr-471	257	3	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	257	4	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	258	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	258	2	past	past	NOUN
ertr-471	258	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	258	4	present	present	ADJ
ertr-471	258	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	258	6	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	258	7	future	future	NOUN
ertr-471	258	8	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	258	9	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
ertr-471	258	10	forecasting	forecasting	NOUN
ertr-471	258	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	259	1	journal	journal	NOUN
ertr-471	259	2	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	259	3	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	259	4	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
ertr-471	259	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	259	6	12(2	12(2	NUM
ertr-471	259	7	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	259	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	259	9	175–192	175–192	NUM
ertr-471	259	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	260	1	https://doi.org/10.2753/0577-5132570301	https://doi.org/10.2753/0577-5132570301	PROPN
ertr-471	260	2	dritsakis	dritsakis	PROPN
ertr-471	260	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	260	4	n.	n.	NOUN
ertr-471	260	5	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	260	6	2004	2004	NUM
ertr-471	260	7	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	260	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	261	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	261	2	as	as	ADP
ertr-471	261	3	a	a	DET
ertr-471	261	4	long	long	ADV
ertr-471	261	5	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	261	6	run	run	VERB
ertr-471	261	7	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	261	8	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	261	9	factor	factor	NOUN
ertr-471	261	10	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	261	11	an	an	DET
ertr-471	261	12	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ertr-471	261	13	investigation	investigation	NOUN
ertr-471	261	14	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	261	15	greece	greece	PROPN
ertr-471	261	16	using	use	VERB
ertr-471	261	17	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	261	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ertr-471	261	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	261	20	10(june	10(june	NUM
ertr-471	261	21	2015	2015	NUM
ertr-471	261	22	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	261	23	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	261	24	305–316	305–316	NUM
ertr-471	261	25	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	262	1	https://doi.org/10.5367/0000000041895094	https://doi.org/10.5367/0000000041895094	X
ertr-471	262	2	durbarry	durbarry	PROPN
ertr-471	262	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	262	4	r.	r.	PROPN
ertr-471	262	5	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	262	6	2004	2004	NUM
ertr-471	262	7	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	262	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	263	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	263	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	263	3	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	263	4	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	263	5	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	263	6	the	the	DET
ertr-471	263	7	case	case	NOUN
ertr-471	263	8	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	263	9	mauritius	mauritius	PROPN
ertr-471	263	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	264	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	264	2	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	264	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	264	4	10(4	10(4	NUM
ertr-471	264	5	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	264	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	264	7	389–401	389–401	NUM
ertr-471	264	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	264	9	https://doi.org/10.5367/0000000042430962	https://doi.org/10.5367/0000000042430962	PUNCT
ertr-471	265	1	dwyer	dwyer	PROPN
ertr-471	265	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	265	3	l.	l.	PROPN
ertr-471	265	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	265	5	forsyth	forsyth	PROPN
ertr-471	265	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	265	7	p.	p.	PROPN
ertr-471	265	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	265	9	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	265	10	spurr	spurr	PROPN
ertr-471	265	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	265	12	r.	r.	PROPN
ertr-471	265	13	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	265	14	2004	2004	NUM
ertr-471	265	15	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	265	16	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	266	1	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
ertr-471	266	2	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	266	3	’s	’s	PART
ertr-471	266	4	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	266	5	effects	effect	NOUN
ertr-471	266	6	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	266	7	new	new	ADJ
ertr-471	266	8	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	266	9	old	old	ADJ
ertr-471	266	10	approaches	approach	NOUN
ertr-471	266	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	267	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	267	2	management	management	NOUN
ertr-471	267	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	267	4	25(3	25(3	NUM
ertr-471	267	5	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	267	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	267	7	307–317	307–317	NUM
ertr-471	267	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/s0261http://ertr.tamu.edu/	https://doi.org/10.1016/s0261http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN
ertr-471	268	2	e	e	NOUN
ertr-471	268	3	-	-	NOUN
ertr-471	268	4	review	review	NOUN
ertr-471	268	5	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	268	6	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	268	7	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	268	8	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	9	ertr	ertr	NOUN
ertr-471	268	10	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	12	vol	vol	NOUN
ertr-471	268	13	.	.	PROPN
ertr-471	268	14	17	17	NUM
ertr-471	268	15	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	16	no	no	INTJ
ertr-471	268	17	.	.	NOUN
ertr-471	268	18	01	01	NUM
ertr-471	268	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	20	2019	2019	NUM
ertr-471	268	21	http://ertr.tamu.edu	http://ertr.tamu.edu	NOUN
ertr-471	268	22	77	77	NUM
ertr-471	268	23	5177(03)00131	5177(03)00131	NUM
ertr-471	268	24	-	-	SYM
ertr-471	268	25	6	6	NUM
ertr-471	268	26	dwyer	dwyer	PROPN
ertr-471	268	27	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	28	l.	l.	PROPN
ertr-471	268	29	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	30	forsyth	forsyth	PROPN
ertr-471	268	31	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	32	p.	p.	PROPN
ertr-471	268	33	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	34	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	268	35	spurr	spurr	PROPN
ertr-471	268	36	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	37	r.	r.	PROPN
ertr-471	268	38	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	39	2006	2006	NUM
ertr-471	268	40	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	268	41	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	269	1	assessing	assess	VERB
ertr-471	269	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	269	3	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	269	4	impacts	impact	NOUN
ertr-471	269	5	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	269	6	events	event	NOUN
ertr-471	269	7	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	269	8	a	a	DET
ertr-471	269	9	computable	computable	ADJ
ertr-471	269	10	general	general	ADJ
ertr-471	269	11	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
ertr-471	269	12	approach	approach	NOUN
ertr-471	269	13	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	270	1	journal	journal	NOUN
ertr-471	270	2	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	270	3	travel	travel	NOUN
ertr-471	270	4	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	270	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	270	6	45(1	45(1	NOUN
ertr-471	270	7	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	270	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	271	1	59–66	59–66	NUM
ertr-471	271	2	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	272	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287506288907	https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287506288907	PROPN
ertr-471	272	2	gujarati	gujarati	PROPN
ertr-471	272	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	272	4	d.	d.	PROPN
ertr-471	272	5	n.	n.	PROPN
ertr-471	272	6	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	272	7	2003	2003	NUM
ertr-471	272	8	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	272	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	273	1	basic	basic	ADJ
ertr-471	273	2	econometrics	econometric	NOUN
ertr-471	273	3	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	274	1	mcgraw	mcgraw	PROPN
ertr-471	274	2	hill	hill	PROPN
ertr-471	274	3	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	275	1	gunduz	gunduz	PROPN
ertr-471	275	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	275	3	l.	l.	PROPN
ertr-471	275	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	275	5	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	275	6	hatemi	hatemi	PROPN
ertr-471	275	7	-	-	PROPN
ertr-471	275	8	j	j	PROPN
ertr-471	275	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	275	10	a.	a.	NOUN
ertr-471	275	11	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	275	12	2005	2005	NUM
ertr-471	275	13	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	275	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	276	1	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	276	2	the	the	DET
ertr-471	276	3	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	276	4	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	276	5	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	276	6	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	276	7	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	276	8	valid	valid	ADJ
ertr-471	276	9	for	for	ADP
ertr-471	276	10	turkey	turkey	PROPN
ertr-471	276	11	?	?	PUNCT
ertr-471	277	1	applied	apply	VERB
ertr-471	277	2	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	277	3	letters	letter	NOUN
ertr-471	277	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	277	5	12(8	12(8	NUM
ertr-471	277	6	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	277	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	277	8	499–504	499–504	NUM
ertr-471	277	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	278	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/13504850500109865	https://doi.org/10.1080/13504850500109865	PROPN
ertr-471	278	2	hye	hye	PROPN
ertr-471	278	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	278	4	q.	q.	PROPN
ertr-471	278	5	m.	m.	PROPN
ertr-471	278	6	a.	a.	PROPN
ertr-471	278	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	278	8	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	278	9	khan	khan	PROPN
ertr-471	278	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	278	11	r.	r.	PROPN
ertr-471	278	12	e.	e.	PROPN
ertr-471	278	13	a.	a.	PROPN
ertr-471	278	14	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	278	15	2013	2013	NUM
ertr-471	278	16	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	278	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	279	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	279	2	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	279	3	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	279	4	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	279	5	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	279	6	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	279	7	a	a	DET
ertr-471	279	8	case	case	NOUN
ertr-471	279	9	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	279	10	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	279	11	pakistan	pakistan	PROPN
ertr-471	279	12	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	280	1	asia	asia	PROPN
ertr-471	280	2	pacific	pacific	PROPN
ertr-471	280	3	journal	journal	PROPN
ertr-471	280	4	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	280	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	280	6	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	280	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	280	8	18(4	18(4	NUM
ertr-471	280	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	280	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	280	11	303–313	303–313	NUM
ertr-471	280	12	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	281	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2012.658412	https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2012.658412	PROPN
ertr-471	281	2	jalil	jalil	PROPN
ertr-471	281	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	281	4	a.	a.	PROPN
ertr-471	281	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	281	6	mahmood	mahmood	PROPN
ertr-471	281	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	281	8	t.	t.	PROPN
ertr-471	281	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	281	10	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	281	11	idrees	idree	NOUN
ertr-471	281	12	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	281	13	m.	m.	NOUN
ertr-471	281	14	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	281	15	2013	2013	NUM
ertr-471	281	16	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	281	17	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	282	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	282	2	–	–	PUNCT
ertr-471	282	3	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	282	4	nexus	nexus	NOUN
ertr-471	282	5	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	282	6	pakistan	pakistan	PROPN
ertr-471	282	7	 	 	SPACE
ertr-471	282	8	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	282	9	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ertr-471	282	10	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	282	11	ardl	ardl	NOUN
ertr-471	282	12	bounds	bound	NOUN
ertr-471	282	13	tests	test	NOUN
ertr-471	282	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	283	1	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	283	2	modelling	modelling	NOUN
ertr-471	283	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	283	4	35	35	NUM
ertr-471	283	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	283	6	185–191	185–191	NUM
ertr-471	283	7	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	284	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.06.034	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.06.034	PROPN
ertr-471	284	2	kibara	kibara	NOUN
ertr-471	284	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	284	4	o.	o.	PROPN
ertr-471	284	5	n.	n.	PROPN
ertr-471	284	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	284	7	odhiambo	odhiambo	ADJ
ertr-471	284	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	284	9	n.	n.	NOUN
ertr-471	284	10	m.	m.	NOUN
ertr-471	284	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	284	12	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	284	13	njuguna	njuguna	PROPN
ertr-471	284	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	284	15	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	284	16	m.	m.	PROPN
ertr-471	284	17	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	284	18	2012	2012	NUM
ertr-471	284	19	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	284	20	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	285	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	285	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	285	3	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	285	4	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	285	5	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	285	6	kenya	kenya	PROPN
ertr-471	285	7	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	285	8	an	an	DET
ertr-471	285	9	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ertr-471	285	10	investigation	investigation	NOUN
ertr-471	285	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	286	1	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	286	2	business	business	PROPN
ertr-471	286	3	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	286	4	economics	economics	PROPN
ertr-471	286	5	research	research	PROPN
ertr-471	286	6	journal	journal	PROPN
ertr-471	286	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	286	8	11(5	11(5	NUM
ertr-471	286	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	286	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	287	1	kim	kim	PROPN
ertr-471	287	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	287	3	h.	h.	PROPN
ertr-471	287	4	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	287	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	287	6	chen	chen	PROPN
ertr-471	287	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	287	8	m.	m.	PROPN
ertr-471	287	9	h.	h.	PROPN
ertr-471	287	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	287	11	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	287	12	jang	jang	PROPN
ertr-471	287	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	287	14	s.	s.	PROPN
ertr-471	287	15	s.	s.	PROPN
ertr-471	287	16	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	287	17	2006	2006	NUM
ertr-471	287	18	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	287	19	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	288	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	288	2	expansion	expansion	NOUN
ertr-471	288	3	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	288	4	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	288	5	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	288	6	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	288	7	the	the	DET
ertr-471	288	8	case	case	NOUN
ertr-471	288	9	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	288	10	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
ertr-471	288	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	289	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	289	2	management	management	NOUN
ertr-471	289	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	289	4	27(5	27(5	PROPN
ertr-471	289	5	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	289	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	289	7	925–933	925–933	NUM
ertr-471	289	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	290	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2005.01.041	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2005.01.041	ADV
ertr-471	290	2	kreishan	kreishan	PROPN
ertr-471	290	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	290	4	f.	f.	PROPN
ertr-471	290	5	m.	m.	PROPN
ertr-471	290	6	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	290	7	2015	2015	NUM
ertr-471	290	8	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	290	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	291	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ertr-471	291	2	study	study	NOUN
ertr-471	291	3	on	on	ADP
ertr-471	291	4	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	291	5	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	291	6	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	291	7	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	291	8	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	291	9	bahrain	bahrain	NOUN
ertr-471	291	10	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	291	11	an	an	DET
ertr-471	291	12	ardl	ardl	NOUN
ertr-471	291	13	bounds	bound	VERB
ertr-471	291	14	testing	testing	NOUN
ertr-471	291	15	approach	approach	NOUN
ertr-471	291	16	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	292	1	international	international	ADJ
ertr-471	292	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ertr-471	292	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	292	4	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	292	5	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	292	6	finance	finance	NOUN
ertr-471	292	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	292	8	7(11	7(11	NUM
ertr-471	292	9	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	292	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	292	11	1–9	1–9	NOUN
ertr-471	292	12	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	292	13	https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v7n11p1	https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v7n11p1	PUNCT
ertr-471	292	14	lanza	lanza	PROPN
ertr-471	292	15	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	292	16	a.	a.	NOUN
ertr-471	292	17	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	292	18	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	292	19	pigliaru	pigliaru	PROPN
ertr-471	292	20	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	292	21	f.	f.	PROPN
ertr-471	292	22	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	292	23	2000	2000	NUM
ertr-471	292	24	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	292	25	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	293	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	293	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	293	3	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	293	4	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	293	5	does	do	VERB
ertr-471	293	6	country	country	NOUN
ertr-471	293	7	’s	’s	PART
ertr-471	293	8	size	size	NOUN
ertr-471	293	9	matter	matter	NOUN
ertr-471	293	10	?	?	PUNCT
ertr-471	294	1	rivista	rivista	PROPN
ertr-471	294	2	internazionale	internazionale	PROPN
ertr-471	294	3	di	di	PROPN
ertr-471	294	4	scienze	scienze	PROPN
ertr-471	294	5	economiche	economiche	PROPN
ertr-471	294	6	e	e	PROPN
ertr-471	294	7	commerciali	commerciali	PROPN
ertr-471	294	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	294	9	47(1	47(1	NUM
ertr-471	294	10	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	294	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	294	12	77–86	77–86	NUM
ertr-471	294	13	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	295	1	lozano	lozano	PROPN
ertr-471	295	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	295	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	295	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	295	5	gomez	gomez	PROPN
ertr-471	295	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	295	7	c.	c.	PROPN
ertr-471	295	8	m.	m.	PROPN
ertr-471	295	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	295	10	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	295	11	rey	rey	PROPN
ertr-471	295	12	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	295	13	maquieira	maquieira	PROPN
ertr-471	295	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	295	15	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	295	16	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	295	17	2008	2008	NUM
ertr-471	295	18	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	295	19	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	296	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	296	2	talc	talc	NOUN
ertr-471	296	3	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	296	4	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	296	5	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	296	6	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	296	7	theory	theory	NOUN
ertr-471	296	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	297	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	297	2	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	297	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	297	4	14(4	14(4	NUM
ertr-471	297	5	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	297	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	297	7	727–749	727–749	NUM
ertr-471	297	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	298	1	https://doi.org/10.5367/000000008786440166	https://doi.org/10.5367/000000008786440166	NUM
ertr-471	298	2	mishra	mishra	PROPN
ertr-471	298	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	298	4	p.	p.	PROPN
ertr-471	298	5	k.	k.	PROPN
ertr-471	298	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	298	7	bout	bout	NOUN
ertr-471	298	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	298	9	h.	h.	PROPN
ertr-471	298	10	b.	b.	PROPN
ertr-471	298	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	298	12	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	298	13	mohapatra	mohapatra	PROPN
ertr-471	298	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	298	15	s.	s.	PROPN
ertr-471	298	16	s.	s.	PROPN
ertr-471	298	17	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	298	18	2011	2011	NUM
ertr-471	298	19	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	298	20	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	299	1	causality	causality	NOUN
ertr-471	299	2	between	between	ADP
ertr-471	299	3	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	299	4	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	299	5	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	299	6	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	299	7	 	 	SPACE
ertr-471	299	8	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	299	9	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ertr-471	299	10	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ertr-471	299	11	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	299	12	india	india	PROPN
ertr-471	299	13	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	300	1	european	european	PROPN
ertr-471	300	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ertr-471	300	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	300	4	social	social	ADJ
ertr-471	300	5	sciences	science	NOUN
ertr-471	300	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	300	7	18(4	18(4	NUM
ertr-471	300	8	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	300	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	301	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ertr-471	301	2	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	301	3	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280305614	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280305614	VERB
ertr-471	301	4	nizar	nizar	NOUN
ertr-471	301	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	301	6	m.	m.	NOUN
ertr-471	301	7	a.	a.	NOUN
ertr-471	301	8	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	301	9	2011	2011	NUM
ertr-471	301	10	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	301	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	302	1	pengaruh	pengaruh	PROPN
ertr-471	302	2	pariwisata	pariwisata	VERB
ertr-471	302	3	terhadap	terhadap	PROPN
ertr-471	302	4	pertumbuhan	pertumbuhan	PROPN
ertr-471	302	5	ekonomi	ekonomi	PROPN
ertr-471	302	6	di	di	X
ertr-471	302	7	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	302	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	303	1	jurnal	jurnal	PROPN
ertr-471	303	2	kepariwisataan	kepariwisataan	PROPN
ertr-471	303	3	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	303	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	303	5	6(2	6(2	NUM
ertr-471	303	6	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	303	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	303	8	195–211	195–211	NUM
ertr-471	303	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	304	1	oh	oh	INTJ
ertr-471	304	2	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	304	3	c.	c.	PROPN
ertr-471	304	4	o.	o.	PROPN
ertr-471	304	5	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	304	6	2005	2005	NUM
ertr-471	304	7	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	304	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	305	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	305	2	contribution	contribution	NOUN
ertr-471	305	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	305	4	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	305	5	development	development	NOUN
ertr-471	305	6	to	to	ADP
ertr-471	305	7	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	305	8	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	305	9	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	305	10	the	the	DET
ertr-471	305	11	korean	korean	ADJ
ertr-471	305	12	economy	economy	NOUN
ertr-471	305	13	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	306	2	management	management	NOUN
ertr-471	306	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	4	26(1	26(1	NUM
ertr-471	306	5	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	7	39–44	39–44	NUM
ertr-471	306	8	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	9	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.09.014	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.09.014	PROPN
ertr-471	306	10	sinclair	sinclair	PROPN
ertr-471	306	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	12	t.	t.	NOUN
ertr-471	306	13	m.	m.	NOUN
ertr-471	306	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	15	stabler	stable	ADJ
ertr-471	306	16	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	17	m.	m.	NOUN
ertr-471	306	18	j.	j.	PROPN
ertr-471	306	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	20	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	306	21	papatheodorou	papatheodorou	PROPN
ertr-471	306	22	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	23	a.	a.	NOUN
ertr-471	306	24	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	25	2010	2010	NUM
ertr-471	306	26	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	306	27	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	307	1	the	the	DET
ertr-471	307	2	economics	economic	NOUN
ertr-471	307	3	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	307	4	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	307	5	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	308	1	london	london	PROPN
ertr-471	308	2	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	309	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
ertr-471	309	2	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	309	3	sugiyarto	sugiyarto	PROPN
ertr-471	309	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	309	5	g.	g.	PROPN
ertr-471	309	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	309	7	blake	blake	PROPN
ertr-471	309	8	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	309	9	a.	a.	PROPN
ertr-471	309	10	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	309	11	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	309	12	sinclair	sinclair	PROPN
ertr-471	309	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	309	14	m.	m.	NOUN
ertr-471	309	15	t.	t.	PROPN
ertr-471	309	16	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	309	17	2003	2003	NUM
ertr-471	309	18	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	309	19	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	310	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	310	2	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	310	3	globalisation	globalisation	NOUN
ertr-471	310	4	:	:	PUNCT
ertr-471	310	5	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	310	6	impact	impact	NOUN
ertr-471	310	7	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	310	8	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	310	9	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	310	10	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
ertr-471	310	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	311	1	annals	annal	NOUN
ertr-471	311	2	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	311	3	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	311	4	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	311	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	311	6	30	30	NUM
ertr-471	311	7	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	311	8	683–701	683–701	NUM
ertr-471	311	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	311	10	tang	tang	PROPN
ertr-471	311	11	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	311	12	c.	c.	PROPN
ertr-471	311	13	f.	f.	PROPN
ertr-471	311	14	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	311	15	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	311	16	tan	tan	PROPN
ertr-471	311	17	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	311	18	e.	e.	PROPN
ertr-471	311	19	c.	c.	PROPN
ertr-471	311	20	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	311	21	2013	2013	NUM
ertr-471	311	22	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	311	23	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	312	1	how	how	SCONJ
ertr-471	312	2	stable	stable	ADJ
ertr-471	312	3	is	be	AUX
ertr-471	312	4	the	the	DET
ertr-471	312	5	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	312	6	-	-	PUNCT
ertr-471	312	7	led	lead	VERB
ertr-471	312	8	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	312	9	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
ertr-471	312	10	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	312	11	malaysia	malaysia	PROPN
ertr-471	312	12	?	?	PUNCT
ertr-471	313	1	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ertr-471	313	2	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	313	3	disaggregated	disaggregate	VERB
ertr-471	313	4	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	313	5	markets	market	NOUN
ertr-471	313	6	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	314	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	314	2	management	management	NOUN
ertr-471	314	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	314	4	37	37	NUM
ertr-471	314	5	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	314	6	52	52	NUM
ertr-471	314	7	–	–	SYM
ertr-471	314	8	57	57	NUM
ertr-471	314	9	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	315	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.12.014	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.12.014	PROPN
ertr-471	315	2	toda	toda	PROPN
ertr-471	315	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	315	4	h.	h.	PROPN
ertr-471	315	5	y.	y.	PROPN
ertr-471	315	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	315	7	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	315	8	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ertr-471	315	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	315	10	t.	t.	PROPN
ertr-471	315	11	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	315	12	1995	1995	NUM
ertr-471	315	13	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	315	14	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	316	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ertr-471	316	2	inference	inference	NOUN
ertr-471	316	3	in	in	ADP
ertr-471	316	4	vector	vector	NOUN
ertr-471	316	5	autoregressions	autoregression	NOUN
ertr-471	316	6	with	with	ADP
ertr-471	316	7	possibly	possibly	ADV
ertr-471	316	8	integrated	integrate	VERB
ertr-471	316	9	processes	process	NOUN
ertr-471	316	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	317	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ertr-471	317	2	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	317	3	econometrics	econometric	NOUN
ertr-471	317	4	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	317	5	66(1	66(1	NOUN
ertr-471	317	6	-	-	SYM
ertr-471	317	7	2	2	NUM
ertr-471	317	8	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	317	9	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	317	10	225–250	225–250	NUM
ertr-471	317	11	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	317	12	vita	vita	PROPN
ertr-471	317	13	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	317	14	g.	g.	PROPN
ertr-471	317	15	de	de	PROPN
ertr-471	317	16	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	317	17	&	&	CCONJ
ertr-471	317	18	kyaw	kyaw	PROPN
ertr-471	317	19	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	317	20	k.	k.	PROPN
ertr-471	317	21	s.	s.	PROPN
ertr-471	317	22	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	317	23	2016	2016	NUM
ertr-471	317	24	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	317	25	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	318	1	tourism	tourism	NOUN
ertr-471	318	2	specialization	specialization	NOUN
ertr-471	318	3	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	318	4	absorptive	absorptive	ADJ
ertr-471	318	5	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ertr-471	318	6	,	,	PUNCT
ertr-471	318	7	and	and	CCONJ
ertr-471	318	8	economic	economic	ADJ
ertr-471	318	9	growth	growth	NOUN
ertr-471	318	10	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	319	1	journal	journal	NOUN
ertr-471	319	2	of	of	ADP
ertr-471	319	3	travel	travel	NOUN
ertr-471	319	4	research	research	NOUN
ertr-471	319	5	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	320	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287516650042	https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287516650042	PRON
ertr-471	320	2	world	world	PROPN
ertr-471	320	3	bank	bank	PROPN
ertr-471	320	4	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	321	1	(	(	PUNCT
ertr-471	321	2	2018	2018	NUM
ertr-471	321	3	)	)	PUNCT
ertr-471	321	4	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	322	1	world	world	PROPN
ertr-471	322	2	development	development	PROPN
ertr-471	322	3	indicator	indicator	NOUN
ertr-471	322	4	.	.	PUNCT
ertr-471	323	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ertr-471	323	2	from	from	ADP
ertr-471	323	3	https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/	https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/	NUM
ertr-471	323	4	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	http://ertr.tamu.edu/	PROPN