Paper Title (use style: paper title)


I. INTRODUCTION 

 After starting full-scale vehicle life in the 1970s, society 

has required the development of transport system for safety 

and efficiency. Automotive industry has obtained not only 

accelerating industrialization but also expanding of living 

area. But, behind the scenes, social costs were increased by 

traffic accidents. To prevent these situations, we need a more 

advanced ITS system then the current scenario.  

 This paper presents the basic requirements of safety 

engineering infrastructure of roadside infrastructure in ITS for 

Intelligent vehicles. Intelligent vehicles has network 

infrastructure to communicate with vehicle-to-vehicle (V-to-

V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V-to-I), lane correction system, 

and traffic information system etc. The Intelligent vehicles has 

a good model for learning demands of infrastructure for ITS 

process because the system have a lot of use-cases and we 

must understand relationship between public institutions, 

people, companies in order to proceed ITS System. 

This paper has organized into sections as follows: Section 

II provides problem in intelligent vehicles and their challenges 

in V-to-V communication system. Section III, provides the 

requirement specifications of safe and secure engineering 

design architecture. In the section IV, we discussed the novel 

safe and secure engineering model for intelligent vehicles. 

Finally, in the section V, we have concluded final remarks and 

impact of intelligent vehicles with the respect of social, 

technical and business.  

II. PROBLEM STATEMENTS AND CHALLENGES

Current ITS technique optimize traffic management and 
highway capacity by introducing spatial-temporal distribution 
of traffic flow to provide information through various media 
such as VMS, broadcast, internet, and etc. after ITS collects 
real-time traffic information through detection devices and 
CCTV on the highway in 2,804km of 23 routes. However, 
republic of Korea has operated highway traffic management 
system, since public infrastructure investment

Fig.2. Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication system. 

A. Current Infrastructure  and Challenges in ITS 

 Information content: There is no condition of
information exchange type between road and vehicle
Therefore we need to provide point-based traffic
information (VMS-oriented) and indirect information
such as ARS, Internet, etc.

 Communications: There is no demand control
function for preventing excess capacity. Therefore
Lack of traffic flow distributed technology of whole
road in case of emergency , Lack of real-time sensing
function in case of emergency, Lack of estimated
function of traffic, condition when delaying.

 Security: Restrictive crackdown of unit point about
Violator's vehicles which are the main culprit of big
accident passive management systems such as use of
manpower when road maintenance management
(safety issue)

 Others : Interchange (IC) system that abnormally add
to the ETC, Difficulty of differentiated Services about
the ETC vehicle, Limited payment structure
(prepaid), uniform way to settle the charges on IC
system, Lack of velocity-based and high-tech traffic
condition model, However, there is no information
service for road manager.

Requirement Engineering for Intelligent Vehicles at 
Safety Perspective

EAI Endorsed Transactions  
Smart Cities Research Article

Madhusudan Singh 

Yonsei Institute of Convergence Technology, Yonsei University, Songdo, Incheon, South Korea 
Abstract

Abstract— In the coming years, transportation system will be revamped in a manner that there will be more intelligent 
and autonomous vehicle phenomenon around us such as smart cars, auto driving system, etc. Some of automotive 
industries are already producing smart cars. However, the main concern of this paper is on the infrastructure for 
intelligent vehicles, which can support such intelligent transportation. Current transportation system lacks proper 
infrastructure to support intelligent vehicles. Hence in this article, we have surveyed and analysed the current 
transportation system in developed and developing countries. In contrast, we are going to introduce secure intelligent 
transportation (roadside) infrastructure that is user centric (Driver, Autonomous driver etc.) for Intelligent vehicles. In 
this paper we present the basic requirements of safety engineering infrastructure of roadside infrastructure in ITS for 
Intelligent vehicles. Intelligent vehicles has network infrastructure to communicate with vehicle-to-vehicle (V-to-V), 
vehicle-to-infrastructure (V-to-I), lane correction system, and traffic information system etc. The Intelligent vehicle is a 
good model for learning demands of infrastructure for ITS process because the system having many use-cases and we 
must understand relationship between public institutions, people, companies in order to proceed ITS System. 

Received on 13 June 2017; accepted on 03 August 2017; published on 20 December 2017
Keywords: Intelligent Vehicles; Requirement Engineering; ITS 
Copyright © 2017 Madhusudan Singh , licensed to EAI. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the 
Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unlimited 
use, distribution and reproduction in any medium so long as the original work is properly cited.

doi:10.4108/eai.20-12-2017.153496 planning group to the president introduced ITS in 1993 [7]. 
However, ITS infrastructure has to consider road, IT, and V-
to-V communication such as shown in fig.2. 

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EAI Endorsed Transactions on

Smart Cities
12 2016 - 12 2017 | Volume 2 | Issue 6 | e2



The basic requirements of intelligent transportation world 
such as intelligent transportation system, Infrastructure, smart 
vehicles, intelligent vehicles requirements and their 
challenges are given in fig. 3.  

Fig. 3. Specification of Intelligent vehicles. 

III. ENGINEERING MODEL FOR SAFETY 

The overview infrastructure of a secure Intelligent 
vehicles in ITS has shown in fig. 4, where the communication 
tower collect the data such as traffic data, weather data on 
highway, car data on highway based on data of mobile device 
that mounted in the car, radio tower send data to main data 
normalization and event analyzers system. After the analysis 
of data, the information forwarded to the information storage 
cloud to mobile device again. Then mobile device provides 
user interfaces to check easier with input value of the driver 
(user). 

Fig. 4. Telematics based safe Intelligent vehicles.  

The major requirements of the telematics based safe and 

intelligent vehicles system are required mainly four words of 

system which is as follows  

 Subject roadside: The subject matter of the information

system.

 System roadside information: Charge, traffic jam and so

on.

 Usage Driver: The environment within which the planned

system will operate.

 Network System: Driver who use the high-way, and

stakeholder who related on the high-way system.

 System intelligent roadside: What the system does within

its operational environment, what information it contains

and what function it performs.

 Data management system: System manages all

information related on smart high-way such as smart-

tolling, transfer information that make a more efficient

system to driver.

A. Use case diagram of Engineering Modeling in ITS 
Grasp related behavior between the driver and the smart 

highway group, we will find detailed in following Use case 
descriptions about the action run which order and what’s 
related towards to each behavior. Based on these, we expect 
to get final goal of analysis the behavior and purpose of each 
sub-goal on goal based approach. 

Table I has shown description of USE case of secure 
engineering design for intelligent vehicles. 

TABLE I. USECASE DESCRIPITION OF SECURE ENGINEEIRNG  

Use 

Case  

Name Pre-Condition  Post -Condition 

UC1. Smart-tolling  Connected 

successfully 

between mobile 

device in vehicle 

and main system 

Calculate smart 

highway toll by 

minimizing 

decrease of vehicle 

speed 

UC2. Preventing of 

car accident 

Network between 

Terminal 

Application and 
Command Center 

Application 

always should be 
maintained 

All of users are 

must enrolled in 
Smart Highway’s 

member 

Prevention of car 

accident’s function 

provide intelligence 
information which 

can prevent car 

accident by 
integrating terminal 

application’s data 

and sensor’s data 
using in smart 

highway 

UC3. Supporting 
information for 

emergency and 

disaster 

situation 

Connected 
successfully 

between mobile 

device in vehicle 

and main system 

Improve efficiency 
by checking 

information that is 

identified by sensor, 

and it builds a 

database 

UC4 Weather 

forecast 

Connected 

successfully 
between mobile 

device in vehicle 

and main system 

To prevent 

accidents due to bad 
weather 

UC5 Urgent 

Emergency 

notify 

The emergency 

vehicle enter the 

smart highway, 
and main system 

detect the entry of 

vehicle 

Handle the 

emergency 

successfully, so 
decrease threat of 

smart highway 

UC6 Using 
additional 

service in smart 

highway 

Network between 
Terminal 

Application and 

Command Center 
Application 

always should be 

maintained 

Actor’s 
convenience and 

satisfaction arise by 

using additional 
service in Smart 

Highway 

Madhusudan Singh 

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IV. IMPACT AND FINAL REMARKS

In upcoming years transportations system will be completely 

modify. It will be more intelligent and autonomous vehicle 

around us such as smart car, auto driver, etc. Some of 

automotive industries already produce smart car. But our 

main concern about infrastructure of transportation system 

which support intelligent transportation. Current 

infrastructure will be not support intelligent transportation 

system. So, in this article, we are going to introduce secure 

intelligent transportation (roadside) infrastructure of user’s 

(Driver, Autonomous driver etc.) point of view. It’s called 

intelligent transportation infrastructure. The impact of 

intelligent vehicles in ITS will proved to be a break through 

on the existing infrastructure of transportation system. These 

are some of the following effects.  

A. Social Impact 

 Provide better and effective transportation life.

 Provide safe and rapid transit information service

under high speed driving conditions.

 Satisfy the driver's driving service and improve the

quality of life

 Provide traffic information service that fuses with

telematics

 Provide continuous ITS service in time and space

through expansion and linkage of existing ITS

technologies

B. Business Impact 

 Core technology pre-emption related to ITS service

as next-generation growth power and synergy

effect of technical

 By exporting developed technology, be more

competitive in the world market and exploit a way

out of export with all technology that need to build

test bed

 Expect creating a ripple effect of related industry:

have direct and indirect influence on widespread

industry such as vehicle, wireless communication,

mobile communication terminal, internet, m-

commerce and etc.

 Promote the national economy by reducing

personnel and materiel cost in traffic congestion

and traffic accidents that may occur in road under

the goal of ITS technical development of ‘accident-

free’ and ‘nonstop’

 Inducement the creation of new employment about

spreading industry related to ITS: by invigorating

the ITS services, promote domestic industry and

induce the creation of new employment

C. Technical Impact 

 In high-speed driving environment, guiding role of

technology related to real-time DB processing

technology development and middleware

technology development

 Guarantee of technology caused by alliance of

telematics services as part of the national policy and

Intelligent Roadside infrastructure.

 Globally source technology secure caused by

developing the domestic technology by designing

the architecture related to developing a traffic 

monitoring and traffic information fusion 

technology under the high-speed traffic condition 

the domestic technology  

REFERENCES 

[1] D. Singh and M. Singh, "Internet of vehicles for smart and safe 
driving," 2015 International Conference on Connected Vehicles and 
Expo (ICCVE), Shenzhen, 2015, pp. 328-329. 

[2] Z. Junping, W. Fei-Yue, W. Kunfeng, L. Wei-Hua, X. Xin and C. 
Cheng, "Data-Driven Intelligent Transportation Systems: 
Survey", IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 
vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 1624-1639, 2011. 

[3] D. Singh and A. Alberti, "Developing NovaGenesis Architecture for 
Internet of Things Services: Observation, Challenges and ITMS 
Application", International Conference on ICT Convergence 2014. 

[4]  Woong Cho, Hyun-seo Oh, Byeong-joo Park, “Wireless Access 
Technologies for Smart Highway : Requirements and Preliminary 
Results”, The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and 
Communication, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp.237-244, April, 2011.  

[5] D. Singh, M. Singh, I. Singh and H. J. Lee, "Secure and reliable cloud 
networks for smart transportation services," 2015 17th International 
Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT), 
Seoul, 2015, pp. 358-362. 

[6] Sujin Kwag, Sangsun Lee, “A Survey of V2X Communication 
Technologies and project”, Journal of the Korea Society of Automotive 
Engineers, Vol. 33 No. 5, pp.24-31, May, 2011.  

[7] Jung-Hoon Song, Jae-Jeong Lee, Seong-Ryul Kim, Jung-Joon Kim, 
Dae-Wha Seo, “Design of u-Transportation Communication System 
for Next-Generation ITS Services”, The Journal of The Korea Institute 
of Intelligent Transport Systems, Vol. 12, No. 5, pp.61-72, October, 
2013. 

Requirement Engineering for Intelligent Vehicles at Safety Perspective

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12 2016 - 12 2017 | Volume 2 | Issue 6 | e2