


































Economics, Law and Policy 
ISSN 2576-2060 (Print) ISSN 2576-2052 (Online) 

Vol. 6, No. 1, 2023 

www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp 

35 
 

Original Paper 

Violence, Its Roots, and How to Stop It  

Amos Avny
1
 

1
 Omnidev International Consultants, Yehud, Israel 

 

Received: March 1, 2023         Accepted: March 10, 2023        Online Published: April 18, 2023 

doi:10.22158/elp.v6n1p35                 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elp.v6n1p35 

 

“Nonviolence means avoiding not only external physical violence but also internal 

violence of spirit. You not only refuse to shoot a man, but you refuse to hate him” 

(Martin Luther King, Jr.) 

 

Abstract 

The Essay opens with the claim that personal Aggression, Violence and Hostility became permanent 

visitors in our place. This sad situation was the main reason for writing this paper. Along a short 

historical review, the Author explains the difference between the former well-organized 20
th

 Century 

and the current Chaotic world perception of the 21
st
 Century. The Author further reminds that the 20

th
 

Century contained two World Wars, that killed tens million people and the Cold War, that had divided 

the world into two large blocs. Further, the essay explains that in this regard the current century is 

different. No-more big world-wide armed conflicts, but many end-less small disturbing disorders, 

violent and terror cases. The difference referred also to the personal prominence of the leaders of the 

wars. The eminence Winston Churchill—the great outstanding leader of the West, Joseph Stalin—the 

sadist Communist Dictator who killed tenths millions, and Adolf Hitler—the mentally-ill Tyrant of the 

Nazi regime who was a horrendous, barbaric and murderer of millions.  

Comparing to these leaders the nowadays villains and terrorists are sick, confused and weak persons 

who seek recognition. Abstract cut. The Author assumes that criminal Violence and Terror expand at 

present as result of three reasons: (1) The termination of political debates due to the political parties’ 

deterioration, (2) A wrong understanding of today’s developments, and (3) an erroneous feeling, about 

equality that causes much frustrations and lead to wrong expectations. The Author supports countries’ 

current initiative for fighting against present terrorists by establishing special Polce and Military units, 

which know the job, professionally and effectively.  However, for (a cut) improving the treatment of 

this sick phenomenon at the future, the Author emphasizes the need to collect reliable information 

about the relevant population and its personal weaknesses. At the end a six steps therapeutic program 

is proposed: (a cut), 1) Revealing and Building the Individual’s Inner-self, 2) Pursuing the “Meaning 



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for life” as Life’s Goal, 3) Endorsing Collaboration and Togetherness, 4) Developing and Empowering 

the Self-esteem, 5) Recognizing and Accepting Social Heterogeneity, and 6) Sharing actively Social 

Rights and Commitments. Violence and Terrorism are like Malaria mosquitos, small, unseen but very 

dangerous. Decisiveness, Consistency and Determination are required for successfully eradicate 

them. 

Keywords 

Violence, Terror, low Self-esteem, Sick and Disturbed people, Decisiveness, Consistency and 

Determination abilities 

 

1. Introduction 

Martyr’ cause has ever been stilled by an assassin’s bullet. No wrongs have ever been righted by 

riots and civil disorders… an uncontrolled or uncontrollable mob is only the voice of madness, not 

the voice of the people. (Robert Kennedy)   

A normal person who lives today in the Western Hemisphere feels or maybe even smells that personal 

Aggression, Violence and Hostility became permanent visitors in our place. Based on our impression, 

it is right to say that the fear from social aggression and the involvement of violence in public life 

grows and tends to increase along the current years.  

Additionally, and due to some covert and open reasons, local, municipal and federal Governments do 

not effectively eradicate these troubles. Thus, we decide to explore this issue and examine the 

following points: (1) What is violence, and what are its roots? Is it, or not, an ordinary component of 

human life? (2) How, why and when these phenomena took place and became significant in social 

relation? And (3) What are the main features that characterize personal Aggression, Violence and 

Hostility, today, in 2020s? Quite at the beginning we want to clarify that since the whole issue is so 

large and heavy, we neither deal with wars, of any types and size, nor with political Terror activities.   

The present essay aims to promote the understanding these awful activities, their roots and surrounding 

conditions, while pointing out on some courses of fighting against them. Usually, we do not like to use 

the term fighting, because it refers to bloody political conflicts and wars, rather than to social riots and 

disorders. But the current situation in many places is so bad that extraordinary means should be used 

for hastening the eradication of these sick activities.  

 

2. Historical Background 

Violence accompanies civilization from the early days of written history.  The Biblical story of Cain 

killing Abel (Genesis, Chapter 4) just indicates that this was an ordinary reality in those early days. 

Moreover, it also tells us that killing among family members also was quite common and in-a-way, 

been legitimated. With respect to many reservations, a keen observation also indicates that along the 

past years, more inhabitants of the region were killed by their own fellow brothers than by foreign 

invaders. Thus, it is fair to assume that within the Western Hemisphere Aggression, Violence and 



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Hostility were legitimate acts and, sometime, even common procedures for running communities. 

Besides wars and other types of large organized aggressive actions, not discussed in this work, the use 

of power was recognized as a legitimate mean for achieving all types of goals, at family, community 

and national levels. It has its written or traditional rules and it also have some kind of social 

undisclosed or agreed understandings. 

With the industrial revolution and the emergence of the capitalist perception, work-place and 

capital-labor relations became an important arena for running and settling most of their disputes.  

Besides these conflicts most other ones were either personal or criminal and were treated by the official 

law-abidance agencies.       

In the 20
th

 Century, one of the worst periods in human history, which contained the two awful World 

Wars and the lasting Cold War, most violent and hostility activities were run by the global rival powers. 

Complying with the given rules of the game and following the instructions of the involved hostile 

parties, aggressive initiatives and activities were enslaved to high-level concerns and politics. Small 

sporadic violent activities were just a minority among the large number of actions run in those days. 

The first most known case of a single shot that have changed the world, was the assassination, in June 

1914, at Sarajevo, Bosnia, of the Austrian archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir of the Austrian Emperor 

Franz Joseph. This terror act, carried out by a single plotter, “was one of the great watersheds of 20
th

 

Century geopolitical history. It led to the fall of four great imperial dynasties, resulted with the 

Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, and in its destabilization of European society” (Wikipedia).      

Another, very famous and significant were the assassinations of President John Kennedy, his brother 

US Attorney General Robert Kennedy and the killing of Martin Luther King. Another famous 

assassination was that of Israel Prime Minister Itzhak Rabin, in November 1989, who was shot by a 

single plotter who hoped to change, for good or bad, his policy. The above cases, unfortunately, teach 

us how significant and even crucial, an act of terror could be.      

 In conclusion, it is right to assess that the 20
th

 Century, with its two World Wars and the long Cold 

War, as one of the most brutal periods, in human history. Further, it is important to remember that in 

fact, the two parties fought, were led by three exceptional Leaders; the freedom fighter Winston 

Churchill—the great outstanding leader of the Western alliance, Joseph Stalin -the killer of tenths 

millions and the inacceptable and sadist Communist Dictator and Adolf Hitler-the horrendous, barbaric, 

cruel and murderer of millions and the mentally-ill Tyrant of the Nazi empire. It should be said here, 

that these three historical leaders, eventually were led and directed by their brave, sadist and crazy 

inner-self. Churchill’s heroism, Stalin’s sadism and Hitler's craziness, all were extraordinary products 

of a dominant inner-self. The rationalists and the logical strategists have little to say about their leaders’ 

behavior.   

 

 

 



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3. What Violence Is?  

“Violence is the last refuge of the incompetent.” (Isaac Asimov) 

Violence is like a weed—it does not die even in the greatest drought.” (Simon 

Wiesenthal) 

At recent years, frequently we wondered, is the expansion of violent cases and the increase of hostility 

attacks, really happened or maybe, is it just a mirage or a hallucination? Following these feelings, and 

resting on our own impressions, without waiting for more reliable information, we decide to rethink 

and reexamine the issue of violent and hostility accidents in the 21
st
 Century. Due to the Work’s 

limit, we do not examine violence’s long history.   

However, we assume that with the turn of the Millennium, which symbolizes the move from Modernity 

toward Post-modernism, the two phenomena, mentioned above, will be reshaped and reformed. We 

assume that part of the new mode of operation occurred when many violent activities and hostility 

attacks move from the 20
th

 to the 21
st
 Century. Like with other movements, the transformation from the 

well-ordered Modernity to the Post-modernism chaotic order, affects and reforms the nature of these 

threatening movements. Additionally, it seems that some of the less-effective contra-measures that 

were imposed on criminals suffered from lack of knowledge of the internal drives and motives that 

appear with the move toward Post-modern style of action.   

This short description in the previous section is presented just for reminding us on how old and deep 

rests the inclination for using violent actions as an instrument for leading and ruling. Rulers and 

politicians may argue that enacting violent actions is indispensable and necessary for running effectual 

regime. Since it is done for the sake of nation or the state, it is allowed and acceptable.       

3.1 The Chaotic Post-modern Perception of the World 

For better understanding our point of view it is necessary to familiarize with our perception of the 

World and how it is run and managed. In general, we embrace the idea of the Chaos, which is a 

perception that drives and steers many events and occurrences, in the Post-modern 21
st
 Century. For 

being sure and clear it is hereby stated that the Author refers and focuses only, on Chaos of the 

materialistic, natural and physical world. We do not discuss or refer to the Chaos movement in culture, 

Arts or any spiritual event.     

Thus, it is assumed that the present chaotic Universe is run and managed by some rules and directives 

that unfortunately, we only know little on them. This less-sufficient knowledge stroke us quite strong in 

the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic. It was also been recently expressed in some journals (Avny, 

2022). 

The Post-modern Chaotic World incorporates and encompasses enormous uncountable number of 

systems and activities that act and perform in numerous forms and strengths. The inter-entity and 

intra-entity connections, links and influences are led by different drives and initiatives. They run in 

complicated and undefinable routes and directions. In sum, the Chaotic World of the 21
st
 Century is a 

gigantic complex of less-comprehended events, moves and occurrences, which takes part 



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spontaneously, in different forms of Mass and Energy, along different times and in changeable 

strengths and frequencies. Naturally, people who live within such a perplexed environment, specifically 

those who learnt and grew in former times, fill a little confused and embarrassed when facing the 

Post-modern social environment.     

Most citizens, ordinary and regulars, learn to live and to prosper within these new conditions. However, 

some, very few percent of the population, may find it difficulty and sometimes even impossible, to 

accept the change and to run their life accordingly. These are in potential, the very early seeds of social 

resistance. Using Kurt Lewin (1900) Model of Change may provide a helpful assistance for 

understanding the nature of the required transformation. According to this model, a group of 

change-opponents appears almost in every change. They may also be called: permanent opponents, 

adversaries, rivals or antagonists. Along the change execution, four minority groups of opponents are 

expected to emerge, they are:    

a. A Statistical Minority Group  

This group appears almost in every statistical analysis. The statistical theory claims that almost always, 

over a minimal number of subjects, in all cases, with all types of population and events, regardless the 

issue or the subject, a group of opponents, eventually will appear.  

b. An Ideological Minority Group   

Similar to the previous paragraph here also, within most populations an ideological opposition will 

always be found. Their main point is to be against, or to oppose any or every act or proposition.  

c. A Minority Group of the Present Regime Supporters   

Frequently people prefer to continue the current situation because they have many known and unknown 

invested interests in the present state. In many cases they prefer leaving these concerns hidden and 

uncovered, because of personal reasons.  

d. A Minority Group of those who Fear and Hate a Changes 

Almost always, individuals who are hesitant and afraid from the coming change appear and express 

loud and clear their worries and fears.   

Despite the relatively small size of the above groups, they represent a large variety of worries.  But, 

due to their variety they deserve different treatments.  

3.2 The Fading Out of Ideological Disputes as Promoters of Violent 

For many years, all along the 20
th
 Century, local and global arenas were filled with ideological and 

political disputes. Most of the discourses were about Social, Political and Economic affairs. The 

historical demarcating line presents the difference between the two major political-economic ideologies

—Capitalism and Socialism. Almost the whole world was divided between these two ideologies with 

additional group of about thirty nations preferred to stay neutral and indifferent.   

At the turn of the century, many of the differences which for years had separated between nations faded 

away. Most Western-type Liberal Democratic nations, set up political-economic regimes that 

incorporated most positive ideas and practices, taken from both sides of the political map. It appears, 



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therefore, that this tendency of creating grand coalitions rather than returning to the old 

coalition-opposition system is going to be the main road in the future. This development will push the 

extremists of both sides to look for more spectacular performances. Thus, it is assumed that resulting 

from the political system reformation and reorganization, extremists of both sides will intensify and 

expand their activity. Violent activities and street disorders will become an important instrument for 

proclaiming their policy wishes. 

Such a social atmosphere is and will be a very supporting environment for attracting some of the 

individuals, prior defined as change opponents or genuine antagonists. Many members of this group, 

usually are noisy, angry, and looking for the public eye. 

In most cases they provide the ideology required for justifying violence and terror activity. They are 

also those who seek the Media attention and those who run to provide justification.     

3.3 A Deeper Integrative Insight into the Terrorists’ Soul and Spirit  

This, maybe is the less-explored or the less-comprehended aspects of violence and terrorism. Although 

it was important in the past, when most activities were initiated and led by logical and ideological 

reasons and drives, they are even more critical at the 21
st
 Century. At present, at the Post-modern era, 

most people act and behave due to their inspirations, wishes and desires. The do very little because they 

need or forced to do. They are emancipated and free and they want to feel like that and to materialize 

this liberty. The main driving forces, that act effectively in those conditions, therefore, are internal 

motivating jests, spiritual stimulators and deep warm soul-searching calls. For studying these 

disciplines and exploring their mysteries one should employee touchy social disciplines, like 

Psychology, rather than using rational or logical approaches to decision-making. At present, due to 

many reasons, mainly affluence, people tend to make their choices in accordance with their feelings 

and emotions rather than because of rational reasons. The same rule also works with regard to 

violence and terror activities. Terrorists, criminals and villains, in the Post-modern era, run also their 

businesses much because of excitement and internal satisfaction rather than because of concrete needs 

or a specific request. Little successes are expected for those who try rationally to convince felons to do 

or not to do a crime. Thus, it is assumed that a significant share of the trouble may be resolved, when 

and if the treating approach and the curing practices will be changed and redesigned according to the 

changing conditions.     

The problem regarding these people is even more intrigued and complicated. Not only that they think 

differently, they are motivated differently, by different hidden forces and in search of different types of 

satisfaction. And, the social workers, or civil servant who try to help them and resolve some of their 

difficulties are not trained and prepared to provide a treatment that suit them.   

From the little we know today it is clear that a significant part of a person’s thoughts and decisions are 

originated and initiated in his/her inner-self. After many years of brain and mind research, much still, is 

unknown. For example, the whole complex of dating mating and copulating, love and hatred, sympathy 

and apathy, after so many years of study, is still almost incomprehensible. For promoting the inner-self 



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research, we have suggested, some years ago, to use practices taken from Physics’ Quantum Theory, 

which studies moves of very tiny particles inside the Atom’s nucleus (Avny, 2022). It makes sense 

using this theory since it also studies the nature of the particles, whether are they pieces of Mass or 

Energy. Apparently, it seems that in the future, as people get more personal freedom, prefer being at 

home, alone or with their families, more attention should be given for studying “touchy subjects” such 

as psychology, behaviorism, leading and moving people and experiencing good and satisfying life. 

Economics, Political studies and politics, rarely help in bad times. As this is our recommendation for 

the general public, undoubtfully this is the right way to go for initiating a proper solution for the 

Violent and Terror phenomenon. 

3.4 The Rise of Free & Sporadic Violent and Terror Activity Types 

“Power and violence are opposites; where the one rules absolutely, the other is absent. 

Violence appears where power is in jeopardy, but left to its own course it ends in power’s 

disappearance.” (Hannah Arendt, Wikipedia)  

The social transformation, from a well-organized almost rigid social construct towards a loose, 

unformal and relaxed social organization, causes minority groups, that later became hatcheries for 

violence and terror movements, to change also their mode of operation. Whereas in the 20
th
 Century 

most disorder and riot activities were initiated, designed and carried out by well-organized violent 

groups, at the Post-modern 21
st
 Century they have been changed and became more and more 

individualistic and sporadic one. The general sense of freedom and liberty drives plotters to seek 

singularity and personal satisfaction. The extreme Muslim terrorists (shahids) also hope to be 

personally compensated at Paradise, by having seven private beauties. The general sense of freedom 

also inspires terrorists, knowing it or not. At present they prefer to act alone, free and uncontrolled. As 

a result, it is much more complicated to maintain some kind of communication and other types of 

relationships with these minority groups of villains and terrorists.  

 

4. What Could Be Done for Down-sizing Violence 

“The end may justify the means as long as there is 

something that justifies the end.” (Leon Trotsky) 

The fight against Violence and Terror activities is a long tiresome undertaking. The struggle to 

completely eradicate them will require time and money, but even more patience, decisiveness and 

determination. It is a long-lasting battle and therefore, it requires embracing a creative and 

sophisticated strategy. For finishing the job one year is too short while five years seem to be too long. 

In any case, we have to suggest an implementation strategy, because of the belief that an unapplicable 

idea, even the most exciting one, is in real life, almost valueless. Moreover, changing many of the 

implementation practices is also desired since the Post-modern era have changed and continue to 

change many of traditional conducts and practices. It may be confusing or even ironic, but the extra, 

additional freedom, which could be received at present in many countries, requires and demands more 



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behavior instructions and more rules and regulations. The current increase of personal freedom due to 

affluence, the growing feeling of liberty, because of technological advancements and the relative sense 

of running the world, that some politicians like to spread out, all these almost positive developments, 

immediate require a more effective government's control. All who understand a little about advanced 

technology understand and already know, higher and more sophisticated technological systems 

require better and more effective control and monitoring techniques for guiding and direct it.    

Bicycles are a helpful example. A regular ordinary pair is almost free from regulation. Whereas, an 

electric one needs an owners’ permission and a traffic license. Thus, undoubtfully, widening the 

technological horizon in the future, will force the enacting of a strict escort of human instructions and 

limitations.   

While presenting this work we also decide to propose a reformed strategy for implementing its 

recommendations. Most public and governmental agencies carry out and implement their policies by 

running a traditional organizational framework divided into offices, departments, sections etc. This 

bureaucratic model, which maybe acted nice in the past, do not suffice any more at present.   

4.1 The Project Model as the Mode of Operations    

We recommend to introduce for practical use the Project Model—the preferred model for running a 

case, effectively, economically and in due time. This mode of operation is usually used in the Private 

Sector and in the Military, for implementing, running and managing large missions. These 

recommendations rest on the Author’s long and vast experience of running different types of public 

projects. When the situation is so serious it is advisable to concentrate sources and energies and to 

focus on a given concrete goal, where the results could be measured and evaluated. Using other 

practices, commonly used in traditional Public Administration, are frequently less effective and less 

helpful.  

4.2 Gathering the Relevant Information 

The first step in designing the project should be defining the goal and first of all, deciding about the 

concrete group of subjects, or the relevant population. It is very complicated and may be also very 

sensitive because of all the reservations escorting profiling people. Nevertheless, we recommend to try 

to execute such a profiling at school years. Every community should decide about the proper age or 

class. Although it is an important information, since it is the basic data for further actions, it can also be 

executed by self-fulfilling questionnaires, which will be fulfilled by the subjects. In general, it is 

assumed that these questionnaires will provide reliable information on the target group, the character 

and nature of its members and what type of treatment or therapy they need. We have to emphasis again 

and again that, even if the submitted data will be biased, even if it is subjective rather than objective, 

even than it is better, from what we know today—since we know very little about our youngsters, 

school graduates and of course school's drop-outs. Partly knowing is almost always better than not 

knowing and little or small healing is nobler that ignorance. Below is presented a proposal for the 

type of a questionnaire required.  



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Five Measures for the proposed Questionnaire.  

1) Gender—a Male or a Female 

2) Character—an Active or a Passive person 

3) Nature—on the range from Optimist to Pessimist 

4) Behavior—Oriented on People or Mission, or both; 

5) Disposition—an Extrovert, an Introvert or between them 

Even if this model is less-acceptable, every community is allowed to authored its own type or mode of 

data collection, provided it is effective and reliable for providing the opening information required for 

further therapy.   

4.3 A Proposed Framework for Inner-self Therapy 

“An abnormal reaction to an abnormal situation is normal behavior.” 

                                                                  (Viktor Frankl) 

After gathering the required information, a more concrete program should be prepared and concrete 

candidates for every part of the treatment should be selected. We claim again and again, we do not 

pretend to know or to point out on a given part or sector of the population. We do it because we believe 

that “everyone is equal before the law” even if he or she differs in many other fields. That is the 

right and the just interpretation of the Equality value. The right and the just meaning of that 

proclamation is that a group of different individuals should get different types of therapy, according to 

the information inferred from the basic questionnaire. The guiding course of action should be 

“everyone should be treated in accordance with his/her strengths and weaknesses” rather than 

equally. A heavy person should learn to lose weight while his/her skinny counterpart should learn to 

properly eat. Community’s ability and will to evaluate a person in accordance with his/her true 

needs and wishes, subject to a given conditions, is the fair understanding of the Equality value.  

The list or the framework proposed below is just an example for building a program for helping people 

with questionable personal quality. It should assist them growing and developing their abilities and 

personality, so that they will better be able to struggle with todays uncontrolled freedom and streets’ 

anarchy. The list contains six steps. It started with building the Individual’s Inner-self and ended with 

teaching him/her to be a positive member of the community, Sharing actively Social Rights and 

Commitments. It is quite understandable that every agency or therapist can and may change or 

improve the proposed list, the point is only that something has to be done. Only by doing things 

could be cured. Below is the list of the six therapeutic steps. 

Step One—Reveling and Building the Individual’s Inner-self    

Step Two—Pursuing the “Meaning for life” as Life’s Goal 

Step Three—Endorsing Collaboration and Togetherness 

Step Four—Developing and Empowering the Self-esteem 

Step Five—Recognizing and Accepting Social Heterogeneity 

Step Six—Sharing actively Social Rights and Commitments 



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Some may argue that our argument is not fair. A small minority disobeys the law and we force the 

majority to seek therapy. Unfortunately, we disagree. Too many cases of anarchy and disorder occur 

and lead to Violent and Terror activity. We have just to quote Robbert Kennedy for supporting our 

claim. “No wrongs have ever been righted by riots and civil disorders… an uncontrolled or 

uncontrollable mob is only the voice of madness, not the voice of the people”.  

 

5. Conclusion 

“Social justice cannot be attained by violence.  

Violence kills what it intends to create.” (Pope John Paul II) 

This essay discusses a very painful subject—Violence and Terror activities, which accompanies 

humankind from the early days of written history.  Many dreadful catastrophes occurred because of 

this unexplainable and unhuman madness. However, the author tends to assume that due to this 

madness longevity while being an indispensable part of humankind, something should be changed in 

struggling against them. Murderers, Villains and Terrorists are, in fact sick people. They are the 

creatures, the descendants or the offspring of infantile, immature, insecure and undeveloped personality. 

Frequently they suffer from a very low self-esteem, mental disorder and exaggerated exhibitionism. 

With these weak or sick capacities, it is quite difficulty to find for them a proper place in civilized 

society. They tend therefore, to be radical, individualists and egotists.   

As a practical solution for current troubles most countries had organized special professional Police or 

Military units for fighting and eradicating this unbearable disturbance for normal life. We totally agree 

that understanding the phenomenon, its history and roots does not allow us to accept it or suffer 

because of it. However, it does not suffice to stop present events, we also have to think about the future. 

For that reason, the Author suggests a program for threat at the coming days. As said, it was in assumes 

that criminal Violence and Terror expand as a result of three reasons: (1) The termination of political 

debates due to the political parties’ deterioration, (2) A wrong interpretation of the 21
st
 Century 

Post-modern chaotic order, and (3) A erroneous feeling on equity, that evokes from envy and anger, 

which leads to seek wrong places and events. Most villains and terrorists assume that because of 

thousand reasons, they are right and they deserve to be compensated for their past sufferings. As 

nobody understand them, they are allowed to impose their own order on society.  

Without going into further discussions, we are ready to admit that nowadays situation is quite severe 

and dangerous. Thus, we propose here some modes and practices for identifying the issue and threat it. 

The first step, however is to recognize the issue and its dangerous effect on society. Once the 

authorities will make the first step the solution will follow quick after. As Violence and Terrorism are 

proactive initiatives, so should be public reaction—imaginative, brave, smart and decisive. Almost 

every initiative is justified for eradicating this trouble-making danger. Democracy guardians should be 

strong, smart and resourceful when they stand to defend it. Words, shouts, moralizing and preaching 

can do very little in this matter.  



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