


































Economics, Law and Policy 
ISSN 2576-2060 (Print) ISSN 2576-2052 (Online) 

Vol. 5, No. 2, 2022 

www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp 

17 
 

Original Paper 

Research on the Path of Digital Economy Promoting Export 

Trade under the Background of High-quality Development 

Jingfei Dong
1
 & Xinpeng Xu

1
 

1
 College of Finance and Economic, Sichuan International Studies University, Zhuangzhi Road, 

Chongqing, China 

 

Received: October 10, 2022    Accepted: November 1, 2022    Online Published: November 19, 2022 

doi:10.22158/elp.v5n2p17                    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elp.v5n2p17 

 

Abstract 

Digital economy is an economic form based on information. It focuses on the role of value chain and 

industrial chain in many factors affecting the high-quality development of export trade. At the same 

time, based on the main characteristics of the digital economy, the paper analyzes the mechanism of 

the digital economy on the high-quality development of export trade, and the role of digital 

industrialization and industrial digitalization is more obvious. At this stage, if China wants to promote 

the high-quality development of export trade, it should promote the development of digital 

industrialization and stimulate the innovation ability of foreign trade enterprises. Improve the 

digitalization level of export trade industry and create a sound ecology for the development of 

international trade; Improve the basic services of the digital economy and expand the development 

space of export trade; Build a good development environment for export trade with the help of digital 

economy; Promote the diversification of export trade products, the diversification of main bodies, and 

the development of low-carbon. 

Keywords 

digital economy, high-quality development, export trade, innovation path 

 

Research on harmonious labor relations thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new 

era (2021YBCS39) Science and technology project of Chongqing Education Commission: 

(KJQN202000905), (KJQN202100901), (SISU202157), Chongqing Education Commission humanities 

and social sciences research project (21SKGH141)/(21 SKGH 134); Research on the construction of 

the mode of systematic cultivation of international business masters from the perspective of liberal arts 

(Yjsjg202209). 

 



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1. Introduction 

With the gradual application of big data, blockchain, cloud computing and other emerging technologies, 

China’s digital economy has developed rapidly. As a new economic form, digital economy takes digital 

technology as the core driving force, forms new industries through new technologies, new industries 

promote new models, and new technologies empower traditional industries, promoting the digital 

transformation and high-quality development of the global economy. According to the White Paper on 

the Development of China’s Digital Economy (2022), China’s digital economy will achieve a new 

breakthrough in 2021, with a total scale of 45.5 trillion yuan, a nominal year-on-year growth of 16.2%, 

3.4 percentage points higher than the nominal GDP growth in the same period, accounting for 39.86% 

of GDP. The digital economy will play a more stable role in the national economy and play a more 

significant supporting role. 

In the context of the global epidemic, the digital economy has maintained a rapid growth of 9.7%, 

which has become an important support for promoting China’s economic and social development. In 

November 2019, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued 

the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the High Quality Development of Trade, pointing out the 

importance of digital economy for promoting the high-quality development of trade. In the “Fourteenth 

Five Year Plan”, it is proposed to promote digital industrialization and industry digitalization, 

strengthen the integration of real economy and digital economy, and establish a digital industry cluster 

with international competitiveness. The development of digital economy not only improves social 

productivity, but also significantly improves the efficiency of market transactions. The digital economy 

promotes the occurrence of trade and the expansion of market scale by reducing transaction costs and 

compressing the distance between time and space, and promotes the refinement of social division of 

labor and the deepening of specialties. The continuous growth of the digital economy has had a 

profound impact on the way of human production and life. 

In recent years, countries have paid more attention to the innovative application of digital technology, 

the coordinated development of digital economy and the stable prosperity of digital trade, which have 

promoted the development of digital economy and digital trade. Digital economy promotes the 

development of digital trade. The emergence of digital trade has a profound impact on trade methods, 

trade objects, trade rules and trade patterns, especially on export trade. In terms of structure, compared 

with the average proportion of digital economy in developed countries accounting for 70% of GDP, 

China has only 38.6%, and the proportion of digital economy in GDP still has much room for 

improvement. The digital economy brings many opportunities to the development of China’s trade, but 

it is also full of many challenges. The global trade model has undergone tremendous changes. Digital 

and intelligent trade is becoming an important breakthrough to achieve high-quality development of 

international trade. In this context, the author analyzes the internal mechanism between the digital 

economy and the high-quality development of international trade, and explores the path of digital 

economy to help China's high-quality development of international trade. 



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2. Theoretical Essence and Main Characteristics of Digital Economy 

2.1 Connotation of Digital Economy 

Digital economy is a new economic form different from traditional economy. Don Tapscott first 

proposed the concept of digital economy in his book Digital Economy: Hope and Danger in the Age of 

Network Intelligence published in 1996. He believed that the most powerful asset in the digital 

economy is data, which is a new type of asset. Beomsoo Kim (1998) believed that the nature of data 

economy activities was that goods and services were traded in the form of informatization. Chen 

Shiqing (2015) believed that the digital economy is an economic form in which human beings 

announce the identification, selection, filtering, storage and use of digital knowledge and information, 

guide and realize the rapid optimal allocation and regeneration of resources, and achieve high-quality 

economic development. 

At present, the authoritative definition of the digital economy was put forward in the G20 Digital 

Economy Development and Cooperation Initiative in 2016. The initiative defines the digital economy 

in terms of elements, conditions, paths, goals, etc. think Digital economy refers to the use of digital 

knowledge and information as an important factor of production, through the power of modern 

information networks, with the effective use of information technology to improve efficiency, and 

therefore to optimize the economic structure. On the one hand, this connotation describes that digital 

economy includes digital knowledge and information, that is, data, as the key factor of production; on 

the other hand, it shows that digital economy has modern information networks and information 

communication technologies, that is Digital technology changes the characteristics of production mode. 

The production factors of digital economy include data, capital, labor and land. 

From the perspective of market behavior, economic development and international trade, we believe 

that digital economy mainly refers to the economic process of manufacturing and supplying electronic 

products and services for e-commerce or the trade behavior caused by e-commerce. In this process, 

production and management are electronic, in which all suppliers, consumers and related activities are 

connected through the Internet and the World Wide Web technology. In the digital economy, if data is 

to become a factor of production that drives economic operation and development and innovation, it is 

necessary to convert data into information and information into value through digitization. With the 

formation and rapid development of the digital economy, new products and services, new business 

models and digital trade have emerged one after another. 

2.2 Characteristics of Digital Economy 

Compared with traditional economy, the characteristics of digital economy are mainly reflected in two 

aspects. First, digital economy pays more attention to product use and service extension, while 

traditional economy pays more attention to product production process. The digital economy mainly 

starts from the demand side, focusing on finding potential and invisible user needs, providing 

customized and personalized services for customers, and realizing user value co creation. The 

traditional economy mainly starts from the production side, focusing on solving the cost-benefit 



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problems in the production process, such as reducing production costs and transaction costs, improving 

the efficiency of resource allocation, and realizing economies of scale. Second, in terms of dealing with 

the relationship with consumption, digital technology enables more consumers to directly participate in 

production activities, making the boundary between production and consumption very vague, while the 

production and consumption activities of participants in the traditional economy are clearly defined. 

From the connotation of the digital economy itself, the digital economy shows the characteristics of 

marginal income increasing with the scale, with high growth, strong diffusion, cost reduction and other 

important characteristics. The main reason is that the particularity of digital economy is mainly 

determined by the attributes of information. Information is significantly different from traditional 

production factors (such as land, oil, etc.). The accumulation of a large amount of information helps to 

generate knowledge, so as to obtain higher value output. The larger the information scale, the higher 

the accuracy of knowledge generation, and the corresponding sharp increase in commercial value. 

From the research results of scholars, the academic community has basically reached a consensus that 

digital economy can promote economic growth (Oliner & Sichel, 2000). Digital economy is built on 

the basis of high-speed communication network, with universality and extensive penetration. Its 

marginal cost is almost zero. Representative technology products have strong network externalities, 

that is, the utility users get from digital products increases with the number of new users. The 

development of digital economy meets Moore’s Law, Metcalfe’s Law and Davido’s Law (that is, rapid 

technology iteration, rapid cost reduction, increasing scale effect and Matthew effect of products). 

 

3. Analysis of High-quality Development of Export Trade 

There are many factors that affect the high-quality development of export trade, including both macro 

and micro factors; There are both external and internal factors; There are both cyclical and structural 

factors; There are also institutional factors (Pei Changhong & Liu Bin, 2019). Different scholars have 

explored the effective way of “high-quality development of export trade” from multiple perspectives, 

and have drawn some enlightening and referential conclusions. In general, trade is based on division of 

labor, so we need to look at the trade phenomenon at the level of international division of labor. 

Similarly, we need to analyze the factors that affect the high-quality development of China’s export 

trade, supported by high-quality and high-level production factors, and seek high-quality development 

of export trade from the perspective of value chain and industrial chain. 

3.1 Value Chain Dimension 

The result of economic development is not simply measured by a certain quantitative index, but is to 

judge the actual value of economic output based on development goals, and judge the quality of 

economic development by the degree to which economic output meets the actual needs at a specific 

stage. Under the condition of global factor division of labor, the differences in the ability of different 

countries or regions to create added value and obtain trade benefits are not determined by the 

characteristics of factor intensity in different production links and stages, but by the principle of factor 



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scarcity. The scarcity of high-end and advanced production factors of a country determines its 

monopoly and competitive advantages, and then determines its absolute dominance and control ability 

in the global value chain. Therefore, the realization of value chain upgrading has become an important 

dimension of high-quality trade development. 

3.2 Industrial Chain Dimension 

Economic development should be seen as a dynamic process of continuous change. We should not only 

observe the external appearance of economic development, but also analyze the corresponding internal 

factors, and internalize key factors such as resource endowment, institutional environment, economic 

structure, and technological level into the analysis framework. The so-called industrial chain mainly 

refers to the degree of correlation between industries, especially between different manufacturing 

industries, and between service industries, especially producer services and manufacturing. The 

high-quality development of China’s export trade should not only optimize and upgrade the structure of 

the tertiary industry, accelerate the development of the service industry, especially the modern service 

industry, and consolidate the industrial foundation of service exports, but also accelerate the 

transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry to high-end development, so as to realize 

the transformation of the manufactured goods export from large to strong. Consolidate the industrial 

basis for trade development. Give play to the role of market mechanism, promote the interaction 

between trade and industry, and promote the process of industrial internationalization. Accelerate the 

development of modern service industry, especially productive service industry, and promote the deep 

integration of advanced manufacturing industry and modern service industry. 

 

4. The Role of Digital Economy in Improving the High-quality Development of Export Trade 

In the era of digital economy, data has become a key factor of production, widely integrated into the 

process of value creation, and promoted the development of business models. Clarke and Wallsten 

(2006) showed that the higher the degree of digital economy development of developing countries, the 

more they can improve their export trade to developed countries. Meijers (2014) research shows that 

the development of the digital economy has significantly promoted bilateral trade, which has a more 

significant role in promoting the trade scale of low-income countries. The digital economy further 

drives economic growth by promoting international trade. Goldfarb and Tucker (2019) pointed out that 

on the one hand, digital economy has reduced economic costs in terms of search costs, marginal costs, 

transportation costs, tracking costs and verification costs, but on the other hand, digital economy will 

increase the uncertainty of trade, thereby reducing the scale of international trade. 

Compared with traditional trade and value chain trade, the way and object of international trade are 

characterized by “digitalization”, highlighting changes in two aspects: digital industrialization and 

industrial digitalization. Specifically, it is embodied in the digitalization of trade mode, that is, the 

digitalization transformation of the whole trade process and the whole industrial chain, the 

digitalization, networking and intelligent development of most traditional trade processes, and the 



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realization of lower trade costs, better efficiency and more diversified subjects; The digital 

transformation of cross-border delivery methods of various service trade has enriched the form of trade. 

The digitalization of trade objects, elements and services existing in digital form have become 

important trading objects in international trade. 

4.1 The Impact Mechanism of Digital Industrialization on Export Trade 

First, global industrial chain circulation. The development of digital industrialization promotes the 

effective spread of the domestic division chain, which not only expands the domestic production length 

in the global value chain, but also helps to realize the regional circulation of the global industrial chain 

led by China. The second is network connection effect. At present, most Chinese enterprises integrate 

into the global value chain in the way of “double embedding”. The application of digital technology 

has prompted more small, medium-sized and micro enterprises to join the industrial cluster, forming a 

supply chain and production network with more detailed division of labor, and improving the 

convenience of domestic industrial clusters to connect with the production links of the global value 

chain. Third, cost saving effect. The development of digital infrastructure can effectively reduce trade 

costs, including information search costs, coordination costs, and delivery costs, thus improving trade 

efficiency. Fourth, upgrade the value chain. The deep integration of digital technology and 

manufacturing industry can accurately identify consumer needs and provide high value-added products 

and services. 

4.2 Impact Mechanism of Industrial Digitalization on Foreign Trade Export 

First, the trade environment was optimized. It is conducive to accelerating and deepening the 

institutional opening of China’s rules and standards, and enhancing China’s position and voice in 

international rule making. Second, the industrial structure was optimized. With the digital 

transformation of traditional industries, we will accelerate the diffusion of knowledge, information and 

technological innovation, and promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. Third, the 

complexity of export technology has increased. The digital transformation of manufacturing industry 

affects the technological content of export products by reducing trade costs, promoting technology 

spillovers and improving efficiency. Fourth, economies of scale. The integration of digital technology 

and the real economy will attract enterprises at the front end of the international value chain to gather in 

the region, which will help domestic enterprises to absorb external advanced technical knowledge and 

gain advantages in the international market. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



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5. Digital Economy Helps to Promote the Realization Path of High-quality Development of 

Export Trade 

The development of digital economy has promoted the emergence and development of digital trade. 

The development of digital economy has promoted China’s transformation from a traditional 

development model of high input, high output, high energy consumption and high pollution to a 

low-carbon, energy-saving and efficient development model, realizing industrial upgrading and 

structural optimization. The form of international trade has changed from traditional export to digital 

trade. The development of China’s export trade is embedded in the global value chain in a digital form. 

The costs of restructuring the value chain, the mode of production and the interaction mode have also 

changed. Export trade increasingly relies on digital technology. Digital technology runs through all 

aspects of export trade, realizing high-quality development of export trade from digital industrialization, 

industrial digitalization, digital economy information technology, improving export trade development 

environment, adjusting trade product structure, etc. 

5.1 Improve the Development of Digital Industrialization and Stimulate the Innovation Ability of 

Foreign Trade Enterprises 

Accelerate the digital industrialization to create a good carrier and environment for the gathering of 

innovation elements, strengthen the coordination between the government and the market, and make 

the function of the digital economy play a greater role with the participation of more enterprises and 

industries. The innovation efficiency is constantly improved through the development and application 

of information technology. Enterprise digitalization bears not only the traditional production factors, 

but also the collaborative cooperation between enterprise digitalization and production and operation 

activities. Therefore, it is necessary to change the status quo that high-end factors are concentrated in 

the design field, promote their continuous flow to the R&D field, and accelerate the formation of 

customer demand oriented innovation mode. Effectively promote the growth of R&D investment of 

high-tech enterprises, promote the transformation of China’s import and export trade from the 

accumulation of quantity to the upgrading of quality, formulate differentiated innovation guidance 

policies for different innovation subjects such as scientific research institutes, universities and 

enterprises, and form a good interaction between different innovation subjects. 

5.2 Improve the Digitalization Level of Export Trade Industry and Create a Sound Ecology for the 

Development of International Trade 

The achievements of high-quality development of export trade in the digital economy come from the 

innovation, standardization and integration of the industry itself, as well as the digital transformation. 

Judging from the current situation of international trade, it includes both e-commerce and digital 

upgrading, which is a form of integrated development. As an innovative trade mode in the new era, the 

sustainable and healthy development of international trade under the digital economy depends on the 

unity and cooperation of Chinese domestic enterprises. The government should implement the work of 

the digital bonded zone, strengthen financial support, and build a good digital ecosystem based on the 



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actual development. The government should strengthen the upgrading of traditional trade, closely 

contact the real economy industry, introduce digital trade, digital economy, digital new consumption 

and other industries, form a good industrial chain, build a perfect ecosystem, and constantly strengthen 

the union between various fields, so as to build an intelligent and interconnected digital ecological 

network. 

5.3 Improve the Basic Services of the Digital Economy and Expand the Development Space of Export 

Trade 

Internet technology and services are the basis for the realization of digital economy services, and also 

the basis for the development of export trade under the digital economy. The Internet penetration rate, 

usage cost and network speed will directly affect the degree and scale of China’s digital economy 

construction and will further affect China’s foreign trade situation. Promote the importance of 

infrastructure construction of digital economy to a higher level of attention and construction, equate the 

construction of facilities of digital economy with the construction of national hydropower, highways 

and other facilities, and comprehensively improve the penetration and utilization of broadband in China. 

Improve the basic design and construction standards of digital trade, strengthen the innovation of new 

technologies in the digital era, improve the network speed of the Internet, and enhance the stability of 

the network. We will strengthen the application of information and digital services in big data, 5G, 

artificial intelligence, VR technology and other frontier fields, accelerate the development and 

cooperation of new businesses, new economies and new industries in the field of digital economy, and 

lead the trend and direction of global innovation and development. Strengthen international exchanges 

and cooperation in the digital field, promote the strategic planning of digital trade driven innovation 

and development, implement corresponding policies, solve the problem of cross-border multi-party 

collaboration through the broadest international exchanges and cooperation, develop digital 

information channels integrating land, sea and air, and build digital information infrastructure, so as to 

expand the development space of export trade. 

5.4 Build a Good Development Environment for Export Trade with the Help of Digital Economy 

Through intergovernmental cooperation, we will continue to strengthen international exchanges and 

cooperation in the field of digital trade, make full use of WTO, SCO, ASEAN, G20 and other 

international organizations and summits for multilateral exchanges, cooperate extensively with 

countries around the world, jointly build free trade ports (zones), duty-free zones, cross-border 

industrial parks, etc., and promote investment facilitation and trade liberalization in cross-border 

e-commerce, digital trade and other related industries. We will continue to optimize the digital trade 

regulatory system and the collaborative governance system, and promote the establishment of a 

collaborative governance system that is managed by the government in accordance with the law and 

participated by enterprises and society; Innovate the government’s regulatory means, and actively use 

high-tech technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data analysis to improve the governance 

capability and regulatory system; Formulate the corresponding negative list of cross-border digital 



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trade, strengthen the regulatory governance in the field of digital trade, strengthen the security of the 

digital trade industry chain, and rapidly issue laws and regulations on digital trade according to the 

actual situation to create a good development environment for export trade. 

5.5 Promote the Diversification of Export Trade Products, the Diversification of Main Bodies, and the 

Development of Low-carbon 

The development of digital technology makes the production of enterprises more intelligent, especially 

in terms of rapid response, which is more efficient than before. Export enterprises can obtain market 

information at low cost, master the demand of consumers, and optimize their own production and 

marketing structure, so as to realize the diversified development trend of enterprises’ products and 

services. The development of digital economy makes it possible for the diversified development of 

export trade. More and more foreign trade enterprises choose to carry out export trade through digital 

means. Based on the characteristics of fairness and equality of figures, enterprises of different sizes and 

specifications can conduct business on the same platform, especially for small, medium-sized and 

micro enterprises, which can fully participate in international competition, so as to promote the 

diversification of export trade subjects. The traditional export trade mainly focuses on goods trade and 

relies on low labor prices to gain competitive advantages, which have made great contributions to 

China’s reform and opening up. With the sharp reduction of the birth rate of China’s population and the 

early arrival of population aging, the problem of China’s population structure has become increasingly 

prominent, and the labor price advantage has gradually disappeared. The development of the digital 

economy has transformed the traditional trade from a high carbon model to a low carbon model, 

promoting the green development of enterprises and helping China achieve the goal of “double 

carbon”. 

 

6. Concluding Remarks 

The high-quality development of trade is the embodiment of a country’s economic development level, 

which not only includes the growth rate of GDP, but also reflects the quality of national economic 

development and whether it is sustainable. With the arrival of the digital economy era, the advantages 

of information transmission have reduced the cost of international trade, and profound changes have 

taken place in the traditional trade model. Digitalization in the economic field has become an inevitable 

trend of economic development. International trade has changed from price war to information war. 

The extensive application of information technology has weakened the influence of traditional factors 

such as geographical distance, economic differences and information asymmetry in international trade 

barriers, significantly improved the efficiency of international trade, and achieved remarkable results in 

increasing tradable categories, reducing transaction costs, and improving international trading 

mechanisms. Digital technology and digitalization are reconstructing the traditional industrial chain, 

value chain and supply chain, changing all aspects of world development. From the initial barter to 

cash transactions to e-commerce, the way of trade has undergone profound changes with the rapid 



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development of digital technology. In general, the development of China’s digital economy has a great 

impact on export trade. China should always pay attention to the development trend of the digital 

economy and the development of international trade, constantly adjust its foreign trade development 

strategy, and take effective strategies to optimize the import and export structure, improve export 

quality and added value, strive for initiative in international trade, and provide favorable conditions for 

the development of the digital economy and the construction of a foreign trade power, To promote the 

process of trade power. 

 

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