id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
elp-55988	1	1	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	1	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	1	3	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	1	5	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	1	6	issn	issn	VERB
elp-55988	1	7	2576	2576	NUM
elp-55988	1	8	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	1	9	2060	2060	NUM
elp-55988	1	10	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	1	11	print	print	NOUN
elp-55988	1	12	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	1	13	issn	issn	PROPN
elp-55988	1	14	2576	2576	NUM
elp-55988	1	15	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	1	16	2052	2052	NUM
elp-55988	1	17	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	1	18	online	online	ADJ
elp-55988	1	19	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	1	20	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	1	21	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	2	1	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	3	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	2	4	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	2	5	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	7	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	2	8	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	VERB
elp-55988	2	9	115	115	NUM
elp-55988	2	10	original	original	ADJ
elp-55988	2	11	paper	paper	NOUN
elp-55988	2	12	designing	design	VERB
elp-55988	2	13	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	2	14	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	2	15	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	2	16	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	2	17	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	2	18	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	2	19	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	20	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	2	21	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	2	22	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	2	23	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	2	24	legislative	legislative	ADJ
elp-55988	2	25	strategies	strategy	NOUN
elp-55988	2	26	kaiwen	kaiwen	PROPN
elp-55988	2	27	li	li	PROPN
elp-55988	2	28	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	2	29	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	2	30	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	2	31	commercial	commercial	ADJ
elp-55988	2	32	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	2	33	firm	firm	NOUN
elp-55988	2	34	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	35	shenzhen	shenzhen	PROPN
elp-55988	2	36	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	37	guangdong	guangdong	PROPN
elp-55988	2	38	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	39	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	2	40	received	receive	VERB
elp-55988	2	41	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	42	april	april	PROPN
elp-55988	2	43	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	2	44	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	45	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	2	46	accepted	accept	VERB
elp-55988	2	47	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	48	april	april	PROPN
elp-55988	2	49	20	20	NUM
elp-55988	2	50	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	51	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	2	52	online	online	ADV
elp-55988	2	53	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	2	54	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	55	april	april	PROPN
elp-55988	2	56	21	21	NUM
elp-55988	2	57	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	58	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	2	59	doi:10.22158	doi:10.22158	NOUN
elp-55988	2	60	/	/	SYM
elp-55988	2	61	elp.v8n1p115	elp.v8n1p115	PROPN
elp-55988	2	62	url	url	PROPN
elp-55988	2	63	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	64	http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elp.v8n1p115	http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elp.v8n1p115	PROPN
elp-55988	2	65	abstract	abstract	PROPN
elp-55988	2	66	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	2	67	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	2	68	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	2	69	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	2	70	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	2	71	a	a	DET
elp-55988	2	72	capital	capital	NOUN
elp-55988	2	73	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	2	74	importing	import	VERB
elp-55988	2	75	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	2	76	exporting	export	VERB
elp-55988	2	77	state	state	NOUN
elp-55988	2	78	necessitates	necessitate	VERB
elp-55988	2	79	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	2	80	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	2	81	balance	balance	VERB
elp-55988	2	82	public	public	ADJ
elp-55988	2	83	interests	interest	NOUN
elp-55988	2	84	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	2	85	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	2	86	rights	right	NOUN
elp-55988	2	87	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	3	1	analyzing	analyze	VERB
elp-55988	3	2	30	30	NUM
elp-55988	3	3	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	3	4	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	3	5	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	3	6	2000	2000	NUM
elp-55988	3	7	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	3	8	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	3	9	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	3	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	3	11	this	this	DET
elp-55988	3	12	article	article	NOUN
elp-55988	3	13	reveals	reveal	VERB
elp-55988	3	14	that	that	SCONJ
elp-55988	3	15	only	only	ADV
elp-55988	3	16	12	12	NUM
elp-55988	3	17	%	%	NOUN
elp-55988	3	18	include	include	VERB
elp-55988	3	19	substantive	substantive	ADJ
elp-55988	3	20	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	3	21	clauses	clause	NOUN
elp-55988	3	22	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	4	1	it	it	PRON
elp-55988	4	2	proposes	propose	VERB
elp-55988	4	3	a	a	DET
elp-55988	4	4	model	model	NOUN
elp-55988	4	5	combining	combine	VERB
elp-55988	4	6	preamble	preamble	ADJ
elp-55988	4	7	commitments	commitment	NOUN
elp-55988	4	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	4	9	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	4	10	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	4	11	benchmarks	benchmark	NOUN
elp-55988	4	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	4	13	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	4	14	arbitration	arbitration	NOUN
elp-55988	4	15	exclusions	exclusion	NOUN
elp-55988	4	16	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	5	1	case	case	NOUN
elp-55988	5	2	studies	study	NOUN
elp-55988	5	3	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	5	4	zimbabwe	zimbabwe	ADJ
elp-55988	5	5	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	5	6	pakistan	pakistan	PROPN
elp-55988	5	7	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
elp-55988	5	8	how	how	SCONJ
elp-55988	5	9	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	5	10	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	5	11	overseas	overseas	ADJ
elp-55988	5	12	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	5	13	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	5	14	stem	stem	VERB
elp-55988	5	15	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	5	16	legislative	legislative	ADJ
elp-55988	5	17	gaps	gap	NOUN
elp-55988	5	18	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	6	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	6	2	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	6	3	advocates	advocate	VERB
elp-55988	6	4	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	6	5	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	6	6	gradualist	gradualist	ADJ
elp-55988	6	7	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	6	8	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	6	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	6	10	resisting	resist	VERB
elp-55988	6	11	hegemonic	hegemonic	ADJ
elp-55988	6	12	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	6	13	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	6	14	advancing	advance	VERB
elp-55988	6	15	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	6	16	rights	right	NOUN
elp-55988	6	17	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	7	1	keywords	keyword	VERB
elp-55988	7	2	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	7	3	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	7	4	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	7	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	7	6	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	7	7	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	7	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	7	9	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	7	10	arbitration	arbitration	NOUN
elp-55988	7	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	7	12	public	public	ADJ
elp-55988	7	13	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	7	14	space	space	NOUN
elp-55988	7	15	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	7	16	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	8	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
elp-55988	8	2	the	the	DET
elp-55988	8	3	globalization	globalization	NOUN
elp-55988	8	4	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	8	5	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	8	6	flows	flow	NOUN
elp-55988	8	7	has	have	AUX
elp-55988	8	8	fundamentally	fundamentally	ADV
elp-55988	8	9	transformed	transform	VERB
elp-55988	8	10	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	8	11	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	8	12	position	position	NOUN
elp-55988	8	13	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	8	14	the	the	DET
elp-55988	8	15	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	8	16	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	8	17	order	order	NOUN
elp-55988	8	18	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	8	19	creating	create	VERB
elp-55988	8	20	unprecedented	unprecedented	ADJ
elp-55988	8	21	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	8	22	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	8	23	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	8	24	bilateral	bilateral	ADJ
elp-55988	8	25	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	8	26	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	8	27	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	8	28	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	8	29	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	8	30	regime	regime	NOUN
elp-55988	8	31	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	9	1	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	9	2	has	have	AUX
elp-55988	9	3	evolved	evolve	VERB
elp-55988	9	4	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	9	5	primarily	primarily	ADV
elp-55988	9	6	a	a	DET
elp-55988	9	7	recipient	recipient	NOUN
elp-55988	9	8	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	9	9	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elp-55988	9	10	direct	direct	ADJ
elp-55988	9	11	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	9	12	to	to	PART
elp-55988	9	13	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
elp-55988	9	14	being	be	AUX
elp-55988	9	15	the	the	DET
elp-55988	9	16	world	world	NOUN
elp-55988	9	17	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	9	18	second	second	ADV
elp-55988	9	19	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	9	20	largest	large	ADJ
elp-55988	9	21	capital	capital	NOUN
elp-55988	9	22	exporter	exporter	NOUN
elp-55988	9	23	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	9	24	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	9	25	overseas	overseas	ADJ
elp-55988	9	26	investments	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	9	27	exceeding	exceed	VERB
elp-55988	9	28	$	$	SYM
elp-55988	9	29	2.3	2.3	NUM
elp-55988	9	30	trillion	trillion	NUM
elp-55988	9	31	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	9	32	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	9	33	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	9	34	mofcom	mofcom	NOUN
elp-55988	9	35	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	9	36	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	9	37	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	9	38	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	10	1	this	this	DET
elp-55988	10	2	transition	transition	NOUN
elp-55988	10	3	has	have	AUX
elp-55988	10	4	created	create	VERB
elp-55988	10	5	what	what	PRON
elp-55988	10	6	gallagher	gallagher	NOUN
elp-55988	10	7	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	10	8	wang	wang	PROPN
elp-55988	10	9	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	10	10	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	10	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	10	12	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	10	13	618	618	NUM
elp-55988	10	14	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	10	15	term	term	NOUN
elp-55988	10	16	a	a	DET
elp-55988	10	17	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	10	18	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	10	19	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	10	20	crisis	crisis	NOUN
elp-55988	10	21	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	10	22	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	10	23	wherein	wherein	SCONJ
elp-55988	10	24	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	10	25	must	must	AUX
elp-55988	10	26	balance	balance	VERB
elp-55988	10	27	protecting	protect	VERB
elp-55988	10	28	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	10	29	overseas	overseas	ADJ
elp-55988	10	30	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	10	31	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	10	32	preserving	preserve	VERB
elp-55988	10	33	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	10	34	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
elp-55988	10	35	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	10	36	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	10	37	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	10	38	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	11	1	nowhere	nowhere	ADV
elp-55988	11	2	is	be	AUX
elp-55988	11	3	this	this	DET
elp-55988	11	4	tension	tension	NOUN
elp-55988	11	5	more	more	ADV
elp-55988	11	6	evident	evident	ADJ
elp-55988	11	7	than	than	ADP
elp-55988	11	8	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	11	9	the	the	DET
elp-55988	11	10	treatment	treatment	NOUN
elp-55988	11	11	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	11	12	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	11	13	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	11	14	within	within	ADP
elp-55988	11	15	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	11	16	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	11	17	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	11	18	network	network	NOUN
elp-55988	11	19	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	11	20	where	where	SCONJ
elp-55988	11	21	competing	compete	VERB
elp-55988	11	22	imperatives	imperative	NOUN
elp-55988	11	23	create	create	VERB
elp-55988	11	24	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	11	25	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	11	26	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	11	27	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	12	1	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	12	2	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	12	3	represent	represent	VERB
elp-55988	12	4	an	an	DET
elp-55988	12	5	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
elp-55988	12	6	significant	significant	ADJ
elp-55988	12	7	dimension	dimension	NOUN
elp-55988	12	8	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	12	9	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	12	10	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	12	11	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	12	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	12	13	reflecting	reflect	VERB
elp-55988	12	14	what	what	PRON
elp-55988	12	15	scholars	scholar	NOUN
elp-55988	12	16	describe	describe	VERB
elp-55988	12	17	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	12	18	the	the	DET
elp-55988	12	19	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	12	20	socialization	socialization	NOUN
elp-55988	12	21	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	12	22	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	12	23	previously	previously	ADV
elp-55988	12	24	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	12	25	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	12	26	focused	focus	VERB
elp-55988	12	27	legal	legal	ADJ
elp-55988	12	28	regimes	regime	NOUN
elp-55988	12	29	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	12	30	wei	wei	PROPN
elp-55988	12	31	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	12	32	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	12	33	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	12	34	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	12	35	190	190	NUM
elp-55988	12	36	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	12	37	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	13	1	these	these	DET
elp-55988	13	2	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	13	3	aim	aim	VERB
elp-55988	13	4	to	to	PART
elp-55988	13	5	prevent	prevent	VERB
elp-55988	13	6	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	13	7	races	race	NOUN
elp-55988	13	8	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	13	9	the	the	DET
elp-55988	13	10	bottom	bottom	NOUN
elp-55988	13	11	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	13	12	establishing	establish	VERB
elp-55988	13	13	minimum	minimum	ADJ
elp-55988	13	14	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	13	15	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	13	16	workers	worker	NOUN
elp-55988	13	17	affected	affect	VERB
elp-55988	13	18	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	13	19	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	13	20	activities	activity	NOUN
elp-55988	13	21	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	14	1	according	accord	VERB
elp-55988	14	2	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	14	3	unctad	unctad	PROPN
elp-55988	14	4	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	14	5	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	14	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	14	7	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	14	8	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	PROPN
elp-55988	14	9	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	14	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	14	11	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	14	12	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	14	13	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	14	14	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	14	15	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	14	16	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	14	17	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	14	18	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	14	19	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	14	20	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	14	21	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	14	22	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	14	23	116	116	NUM
elp-55988	14	24	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	14	25	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	14	26	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elp-55988	14	27	inc	inc	PROPN
elp-55988	14	28	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	14	29	43	43	NUM
elp-55988	14	30	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	14	31	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	14	32	the	the	DET
elp-55988	14	33	percentage	percentage	NOUN
elp-55988	14	34	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	14	35	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	14	36	containing	contain	VERB
elp-55988	14	37	substantive	substantive	ADJ
elp-55988	14	38	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	14	39	commitments	commitment	NOUN
elp-55988	14	40	increased	increase	VERB
elp-55988	14	41	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	14	42	7	7	NUM
elp-55988	14	43	%	%	NOUN
elp-55988	14	44	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	14	45	2000	2000	NUM
elp-55988	14	46	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	14	47	32	32	NUM
elp-55988	14	48	%	%	NOUN
elp-55988	14	49	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	14	50	2020	2020	NUM
elp-55988	14	51	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	14	52	indicating	indicate	VERB
elp-55988	14	53	a	a	DET
elp-55988	14	54	significant	significant	ADJ
elp-55988	14	55	evolution	evolution	NOUN
elp-55988	14	56	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	14	57	global	global	ADJ
elp-55988	14	58	practice	practice	NOUN
elp-55988	14	59	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	15	1	however	however	ADV
elp-55988	15	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	15	3	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	15	4	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	15	5	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	15	6	network	network	NOUN
elp-55988	15	7	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
elp-55988	15	8	considerably	considerably	ADV
elp-55988	15	9	lower	low	ADJ
elp-55988	15	10	adoption	adoption	NOUN
elp-55988	15	11	rates	rate	NOUN
elp-55988	15	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	15	13	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	15	14	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elp-55988	15	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elp-55988	15	16	revealing	reveal	VERB
elp-55988	15	17	substantive	substantive	ADJ
elp-55988	15	18	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	15	19	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	15	20	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	15	21	only	only	ADV
elp-55988	15	22	12	12	NUM
elp-55988	15	23	%	%	NOUN
elp-55988	15	24	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	15	25	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	15	26	concluded	conclude	VERB
elp-55988	15	27	between	between	ADP
elp-55988	15	28	2000	2000	NUM
elp-55988	15	29	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	15	30	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	15	31	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	16	1	this	this	DET
elp-55988	16	2	article	article	NOUN
elp-55988	16	3	examines	examine	VERB
elp-55988	16	4	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	16	5	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	16	6	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	16	7	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	16	8	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	16	9	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	16	10	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	16	11	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	16	12	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	16	13	the	the	DET
elp-55988	16	14	lens	lens	NOUN
elp-55988	16	15	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	16	16	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	16	17	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	16	18	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	16	19	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	16	20	both	both	PRON
elp-55988	16	21	capital	capital	NOUN
elp-55988	16	22	importer	importer	NOUN
elp-55988	16	23	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	16	24	exporter	exporter	NOUN
elp-55988	16	25	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	17	1	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	17	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elp-55988	17	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elp-55988	17	4	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	17	5	30	30	NUM
elp-55988	17	6	treaties	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	17	7	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	17	8	detailed	detailed	ADJ
elp-55988	17	9	case	case	NOUN
elp-55988	17	10	studies	study	NOUN
elp-55988	17	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	17	12	it	it	PRON
elp-55988	17	13	identifies	identify	VERB
elp-55988	17	14	legislative	legislative	ADJ
elp-55988	17	15	gaps	gap	NOUN
elp-55988	17	16	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	17	17	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	17	18	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	17	19	across	across	ADP
elp-55988	17	20	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	17	21	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	17	22	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	17	23	network	network	NOUN
elp-55988	17	24	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	18	1	building	build	VERB
elp-55988	18	2	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	18	3	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elp-55988	18	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elp-55988	18	5	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	18	6	alternative	alternative	ADJ
elp-55988	18	7	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	18	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	18	9	the	the	DET
elp-55988	18	10	article	article	NOUN
elp-55988	18	11	proposes	propose	VERB
elp-55988	18	12	a	a	DET
elp-55988	18	13	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	18	14	gradualist	gradualist	ADJ
elp-55988	18	15	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	18	16	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	18	17	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	18	18	integrating	integrate	VERB
elp-55988	18	19	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	18	20	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	18	21	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	18	22	accommodates	accommodate	VERB
elp-55988	18	23	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	18	24	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	18	25	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	18	26	position	position	NOUN
elp-55988	18	27	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	18	28	advancing	advance	VERB
elp-55988	18	29	worker	worker	NOUN
elp-55988	18	30	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	18	31	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	19	1	this	this	DET
elp-55988	19	2	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	19	3	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
elp-55988	19	4	contextual	contextual	ADJ
elp-55988	19	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	19	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	19	7	progressive	progressive	ADJ
elp-55988	19	8	realization	realization	NOUN
elp-55988	19	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	19	10	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	19	11	differentiated	differentiated	ADJ
elp-55988	19	12	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	19	13	based	base	VERB
elp-55988	19	14	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	19	15	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	19	16	contexts	context	NOUN
elp-55988	19	17	—	—	PUNCT
elp-55988	19	18	principles	principle	NOUN
elp-55988	19	19	aligned	align	VERB
elp-55988	19	20	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	19	21	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	19	22	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	19	23	broader	broad	ADJ
elp-55988	19	24	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	19	25	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	19	26	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	19	27	relations	relation	NOUN
elp-55988	19	28	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	20	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	20	2	article	article	NOUN
elp-55988	20	3	proceeds	proceed	VERB
elp-55988	20	4	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	20	5	follows	follow	VERB
elp-55988	20	6	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	20	7	section	section	NOUN
elp-55988	20	8	i	i	PRON
elp-55988	20	9	examines	examine	VERB
elp-55988	20	10	the	the	DET
elp-55988	20	11	current	current	ADJ
elp-55988	20	12	status	status	NOUN
elp-55988	20	13	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	20	14	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	20	15	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	20	16	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	20	17	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	20	18	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	20	19	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	20	20	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	20	21	identifying	identify	VERB
elp-55988	20	22	predominant	predominant	ADJ
elp-55988	20	23	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	20	24	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	20	25	legislative	legislative	ADJ
elp-55988	20	26	gaps	gap	NOUN
elp-55988	20	27	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	21	1	section	section	NOUN
elp-55988	21	2	ii	ii	PROPN
elp-55988	21	3	analyzes	analyze	VERB
elp-55988	21	4	the	the	DET
elp-55988	21	5	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	21	6	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	21	7	challenges	challenge	VERB
elp-55988	21	8	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	21	9	faces	face	VERB
elp-55988	21	10	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	21	11	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	21	12	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	21	13	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	21	14	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	21	15	contexts	contexts	NOUN
elp-55988	21	16	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	21	17	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
elp-55988	21	18	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	21	19	case	case	NOUN
elp-55988	21	20	studies	study	NOUN
elp-55988	21	21	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	21	22	recent	recent	ADJ
elp-55988	21	23	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	21	24	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	22	1	section	section	NOUN
elp-55988	22	2	iii	iii	PROPN
elp-55988	22	3	proposes	propose	VERB
elp-55988	22	4	a	a	DET
elp-55988	22	5	gradualist	gradualist	ADJ
elp-55988	22	6	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	22	7	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	22	8	integrating	integrate	VERB
elp-55988	22	9	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	22	10	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	22	11	into	into	ADP
elp-55988	22	12	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	22	13	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	22	14	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	22	15	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	22	16	drawing	draw	VERB
elp-55988	22	17	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	22	18	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elp-55988	22	19	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elp-55988	22	20	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	22	21	alternative	alternative	ADJ
elp-55988	22	22	approaches	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	22	23	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	23	1	section	section	NOUN
elp-55988	23	2	iv	iv	NUM
elp-55988	23	3	outlines	outline	VERB
elp-55988	23	4	an	an	DET
elp-55988	23	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	23	6	strategy	strategy	NOUN
elp-55988	23	7	centered	center	VERB
elp-55988	23	8	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	23	9	tiered	tiere	VERB
elp-55988	23	10	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	23	11	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	23	12	progressive	progressive	ADJ
elp-55988	23	13	realization	realization	NOUN
elp-55988	23	14	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	24	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	24	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
elp-55988	24	3	summarizes	summarize	VERB
elp-55988	24	4	key	key	ADJ
elp-55988	24	5	findings	finding	NOUN
elp-55988	24	6	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	24	7	discusses	discuss	VERB
elp-55988	24	8	implications	implication	NOUN
elp-55988	24	9	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	24	10	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	24	11	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	24	12	evolving	evolve	VERB
elp-55988	24	13	role	role	NOUN
elp-55988	24	14	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	24	15	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	24	16	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	24	17	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	24	18	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	25	1	2	2	X
elp-55988	25	2	.	.	X
elp-55988	25	3	current	current	ADJ
elp-55988	25	4	status	status	NOUN
elp-55988	25	5	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	25	6	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	25	7	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	25	8	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	25	9	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	25	10	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	25	11	bits	bits	PROPN
elp-55988	25	12	2.1	2.1	NUM
elp-55988	25	13	predominant	predominant	ADJ
elp-55988	25	14	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	25	15	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	25	16	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	25	17	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	25	18	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	25	19	practice	practice	NOUN
elp-55988	25	20	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
elp-55988	25	21	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	25	22	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	25	23	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
elp-55988	25	24	significant	significant	ADJ
elp-55988	25	25	variation	variation	NOUN
elp-55988	25	26	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	25	27	their	their	PRON
elp-55988	25	28	treatment	treatment	NOUN
elp-55988	25	29	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	25	30	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	25	31	issues	issue	NOUN
elp-55988	25	32	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	25	33	reflecting	reflect	VERB
elp-55988	25	34	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	25	35	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	25	36	cautious	cautious	ADJ
elp-55988	25	37	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	25	38	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	25	39	integrating	integrate	VERB
elp-55988	25	40	non	non	ADJ
elp-55988	25	41	-	-	ADJ
elp-55988	25	42	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	25	43	concerns	concern	NOUN
elp-55988	25	44	into	into	ADP
elp-55988	25	45	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	25	46	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	25	47	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	26	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elp-55988	26	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elp-55988	26	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	26	4	30	30	NUM
elp-55988	26	5	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	26	6	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	26	7	concluded	conclude	VERB
elp-55988	26	8	between	between	ADP
elp-55988	26	9	2000	2000	NUM
elp-55988	26	10	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	26	11	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	26	12	reveals	reveal	VERB
elp-55988	26	13	three	three	NUM
elp-55988	26	14	predominant	predominant	ADJ
elp-55988	26	15	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	26	16	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	26	17	each	each	PRON
elp-55988	26	18	characterized	characterize	VERB
elp-55988	26	19	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	26	20	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	26	21	approaches	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	26	22	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	26	23	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	26	24	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	26	25	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	27	1	understanding	understand	VERB
elp-55988	27	2	these	these	DET
elp-55988	27	3	existing	exist	VERB
elp-55988	27	4	frameworks	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	27	5	provides	provide	VERB
elp-55988	27	6	essential	essential	ADJ
elp-55988	27	7	context	context	NOUN
elp-55988	27	8	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	27	9	developing	develop	VERB
elp-55988	27	10	reform	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	27	11	proposals	proposal	NOUN
elp-55988	27	12	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	27	13	build	build	VERB
elp-55988	27	14	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	27	15	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	27	16	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	27	17	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	27	18	practice	practice	NOUN
elp-55988	27	19	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	27	20	addressing	address	VERB
elp-55988	27	21	identified	identify	VERB
elp-55988	27	22	weaknesses	weakness	NOUN
elp-55988	27	23	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	28	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	28	2	most	most	ADV
elp-55988	28	3	common	common	ADJ
elp-55988	28	4	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	28	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	28	6	observed	observe	VERB
elp-55988	28	7	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	28	8	65	65	NUM
elp-55988	28	9	%	%	NOUN
elp-55988	28	10	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	28	11	examined	examine	VERB
elp-55988	28	12	treaties	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	28	13	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	28	14	incorporates	incorporate	VERB
elp-55988	28	15	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	28	16	considerations	consideration	NOUN
elp-55988	28	17	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	28	18	preambular	preambular	ADJ
elp-55988	28	19	language	language	NOUN
elp-55988	28	20	without	without	ADP
elp-55988	28	21	establishing	establish	VERB
elp-55988	28	22	binding	bind	VERB
elp-55988	28	23	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	28	24	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	29	2	2012	2012	NUM
elp-55988	29	3	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	29	4	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	5	canada	canada	PROPN
elp-55988	29	6	agreement	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	29	7	exemplifies	exemplify	VERB
elp-55988	29	8	this	this	DET
elp-55988	29	9	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	10	preamble	preamble	ADJ
elp-55988	29	11	model	model	NOUN
elp-55988	29	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	13	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	14	acknowledging	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	29	15	the	the	DET
elp-55988	29	16	importance	importance	NOUN
elp-55988	29	17	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	29	18	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	19	corporate	corporate	ADJ
elp-55988	29	20	social	social	ADJ
elp-55988	29	21	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
elp-55988	29	22	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	23	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	29	24	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	25	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
elp-55988	29	26	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	29	27	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	28	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	29	29	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	29	30	introductory	introductory	ADJ
elp-55988	29	31	text	text	NOUN
elp-55988	29	32	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	29	33	omitting	omit	VERB
elp-55988	29	34	substantive	substantive	ADJ
elp-55988	29	35	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	29	36	commitments	commitment	NOUN
elp-55988	29	37	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	29	38	operational	operational	ADJ
elp-55988	29	39	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	29	40	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	41	wang	wang	PROPN
elp-55988	29	42	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	43	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	29	44	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	45	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	29	46	53	53	NUM
elp-55988	29	47	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	29	48	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	30	1	similar	similar	ADJ
elp-55988	30	2	language	language	NOUN
elp-55988	30	3	appears	appear	VERB
elp-55988	30	4	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	30	5	the	the	DET
elp-55988	30	6	2014	2014	NUM
elp-55988	30	7	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	30	8	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	30	9	australia	australia	PROPN
elp-55988	30	10	free	free	ADJ
elp-55988	30	11	trade	trade	NOUN
elp-55988	30	12	agreement	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	30	13	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	30	14	which	which	PRON
elp-55988	30	15	references	reference	NOUN
elp-55988	30	16	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	30	17	internationally	internationally	ADV
elp-55988	30	18	recognized	recognize	VERB
elp-55988	30	19	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	30	20	rights	right	NOUN
elp-55988	30	21	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	30	22	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	30	23	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	30	24	preamble	preamble	NOUN
elp-55988	30	25	but	but	CCONJ
elp-55988	30	26	contains	contain	VERB
elp-55988	30	27	no	no	DET
elp-55988	30	28	enforceable	enforceable	ADJ
elp-55988	30	29	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	30	30	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	30	31	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	31	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	31	2	li	li	PROPN
elp-55988	31	3	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	31	4	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	31	5	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	31	6	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	31	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	31	8	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	31	9	271	271	NUM
elp-55988	31	10	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	31	11	observe	observe	VERB
elp-55988	31	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	31	13	this	this	DET
elp-55988	31	14	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	31	15	provides	provide	VERB
elp-55988	31	16	interpretive	interpretive	ADJ
elp-55988	31	17	context	context	NOUN
elp-55988	31	18	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	31	19	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
elp-55988	31	20	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	31	21	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	31	22	but	but	CCONJ
elp-55988	31	23	creates	create	VERB
elp-55988	31	24	no	no	DET
elp-55988	31	25	independent	independent	ADJ
elp-55988	31	26	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	NOUN
elp-55988	31	27	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	31	28	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	31	29	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	31	30	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	31	31	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	31	32	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	31	33	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	32	1	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	32	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	32	3	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	32	4	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	32	5	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	32	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	32	7	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	32	8	117	117	NUM
elp-55988	32	9	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	32	10	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	32	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elp-55988	32	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elp-55988	32	13	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	32	14	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	32	15	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	32	16	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	32	17	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	32	18	or	or	CCONJ
elp-55988	32	19	host	host	NOUN
elp-55988	32	20	states	state	NOUN
elp-55988	32	21	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	33	1	a	a	DET
elp-55988	33	2	second	second	ADJ
elp-55988	33	3	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	33	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	33	5	identified	identify	VERB
elp-55988	33	6	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	33	7	20	20	NUM
elp-55988	33	8	%	%	NOUN
elp-55988	33	9	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	33	10	examined	examine	VERB
elp-55988	33	11	treaties	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	33	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	33	13	utilizes	utilize	VERB
elp-55988	33	14	general	general	ADJ
elp-55988	33	15	exception	exception	NOUN
elp-55988	33	16	clauses	clause	NOUN
elp-55988	33	17	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	33	18	potentially	potentially	ADV
elp-55988	33	19	encompass	encompass	VERB
elp-55988	33	20	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	33	21	regulations	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	33	22	without	without	ADP
elp-55988	33	23	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
elp-55988	33	24	mentioning	mention	VERB
elp-55988	33	25	them	they	PRON
elp-55988	33	26	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	34	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	34	2	2003	2003	NUM
elp-55988	34	3	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	34	4	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	34	5	germany	germany	PROPN
elp-55988	34	6	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	34	7	permits	permit	VERB
elp-55988	34	8	measures	measure	NOUN
elp-55988	34	9	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	34	10	necessary	necessary	ADJ
elp-55988	34	11	to	to	PART
elp-55988	34	12	protect	protect	VERB
elp-55988	34	13	public	public	ADJ
elp-55988	34	14	security	security	NOUN
elp-55988	34	15	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	34	16	order	order	NOUN
elp-55988	34	17	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	34	18	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	34	19	creating	create	VERB
elp-55988	34	20	potential	potential	ADJ
elp-55988	34	21	space	space	NOUN
elp-55988	34	22	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	34	23	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	34	24	regulations	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	34	25	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	34	26	avoiding	avoid	VERB
elp-55988	34	27	direct	direct	ADJ
elp-55988	34	28	engagement	engagement	NOUN
elp-55988	34	29	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	34	30	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	34	31	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	34	32	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	34	33	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	34	34	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	34	35	li	li	PROPN
elp-55988	34	36	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	34	37	2020	2020	NUM
elp-55988	34	38	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	34	39	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	34	40	87	87	NUM
elp-55988	34	41	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	34	42	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	35	1	similar	similar	ADJ
elp-55988	35	2	language	language	NOUN
elp-55988	35	3	appears	appear	VERB
elp-55988	35	4	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	35	5	the	the	DET
elp-55988	35	6	2008	2008	NUM
elp-55988	35	7	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	35	8	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	35	9	mexico	mexico	PROPN
elp-55988	35	10	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	35	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	35	12	which	which	PRON
elp-55988	35	13	includes	include	VERB
elp-55988	35	14	exceptions	exception	NOUN
elp-55988	35	15	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	35	16	measures	measure	NOUN
elp-55988	35	17	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	35	18	necessary	necessary	ADJ
elp-55988	35	19	to	to	PART
elp-55988	35	20	maintain	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	35	21	public	public	ADJ
elp-55988	35	22	order	order	NOUN
elp-55988	35	23	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	35	24	or	or	CCONJ
elp-55988	35	25	protect	protect	VERB
elp-55988	35	26	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	35	27	essential	essential	ADJ
elp-55988	35	28	security	security	NOUN
elp-55988	35	29	interests	interest	NOUN
elp-55988	35	30	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	35	31	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	36	1	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	36	2	these	these	DET
elp-55988	36	3	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	36	4	might	might	AUX
elp-55988	36	5	shield	shield	VERB
elp-55988	36	6	certain	certain	ADJ
elp-55988	36	7	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	36	8	regulations	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	36	9	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	36	10	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	36	11	claims	claim	NOUN
elp-55988	36	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	36	13	their	their	PRON
elp-55988	36	14	ambiguity	ambiguity	NOUN
elp-55988	36	15	creates	create	VERB
elp-55988	36	16	significant	significant	ADJ
elp-55988	36	17	interpretive	interpretive	ADJ
elp-55988	36	18	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
elp-55988	36	19	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	37	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	37	2	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
elp-55988	37	3	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	37	4	the	the	DET
elp-55988	37	5	schneider	schneider	PROPN
elp-55988	37	6	electric	electric	PROPN
elp-55988	37	7	v.	v.	PROPN
elp-55988	37	8	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	37	9	dispute	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	37	10	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	37	11	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	37	12	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	37	13	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	37	14	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	37	15	frequently	frequently	ADV
elp-55988	37	16	contest	contest	VERB
elp-55988	37	17	the	the	DET
elp-55988	37	18	applicability	applicability	NOUN
elp-55988	37	19	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	37	20	general	general	ADJ
elp-55988	37	21	exceptions	exception	NOUN
elp-55988	37	22	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	37	23	specific	specific	ADJ
elp-55988	37	24	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	37	25	measures	measure	NOUN
elp-55988	37	26	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	37	27	arguing	argue	VERB
elp-55988	37	28	that	that	SCONJ
elp-55988	37	29	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	37	30	regulations	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	37	31	fall	fall	VERB
elp-55988	37	32	outside	outside	ADP
elp-55988	37	33	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	37	34	public	public	ADJ
elp-55988	37	35	welfare	welfare	NOUN
elp-55988	37	36	concerns	concern	NOUN
elp-55988	37	37	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	37	38	chen	chen	PROPN
elp-55988	37	39	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	37	40	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	37	41	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	37	42	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	37	43	305	305	NUM
elp-55988	37	44	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	37	45	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	38	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	38	2	remaining	remain	VERB
elp-55988	38	3	15	15	NUM
elp-55988	38	4	%	%	NOUN
elp-55988	38	5	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	38	6	examined	examine	VERB
elp-55988	38	7	treaties	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	38	8	adopt	adopt	VERB
elp-55988	38	9	what	what	PRON
elp-55988	38	10	might	might	AUX
elp-55988	38	11	be	be	AUX
elp-55988	38	12	termed	term	VERB
elp-55988	38	13	a	a	DET
elp-55988	38	14	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	38	15	silence	silence	NOUN
elp-55988	38	16	model	model	NOUN
elp-55988	38	17	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	38	18	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	38	19	omitting	omit	VERB
elp-55988	38	20	any	any	DET
elp-55988	38	21	reference	reference	NOUN
elp-55988	38	22	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	38	23	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	38	24	issues	issue	NOUN
elp-55988	38	25	within	within	ADP
elp-55988	38	26	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	38	27	text	text	NOUN
elp-55988	38	28	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	39	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	39	2	2001	2001	NUM
elp-55988	39	3	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	39	4	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	39	5	netherlands	netherlands	PROPN
elp-55988	39	6	agreement	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	39	7	exemplifies	exemplify	VERB
elp-55988	39	8	this	this	DET
elp-55988	39	9	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	39	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	39	11	containing	contain	VERB
elp-55988	39	12	no	no	DET
elp-55988	39	13	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	39	14	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	39	15	would	would	AUX
elp-55988	39	16	shield	shield	VERB
elp-55988	39	17	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	39	18	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	39	19	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	39	20	potential	potential	ADJ
elp-55988	39	21	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	39	22	claims	claim	NOUN
elp-55988	39	23	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	40	1	similar	similar	ADJ
elp-55988	40	2	omissions	omission	NOUN
elp-55988	40	3	characterize	characterize	VERB
elp-55988	40	4	the	the	DET
elp-55988	40	5	2005	2005	NUM
elp-55988	40	6	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	40	7	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	40	8	spain	spain	PROPN
elp-55988	40	9	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	40	10	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	40	11	the	the	DET
elp-55988	40	12	2007	2007	NUM
elp-55988	40	13	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	40	14	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	40	15	france	france	PROPN
elp-55988	40	16	agreement	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	40	17	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	40	18	creating	create	VERB
elp-55988	40	19	what	what	PRON
elp-55988	40	20	wu	wu	PROPN
elp-55988	40	21	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	40	22	martinez	martinez	PROPN
elp-55988	40	23	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	40	24	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	40	25	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	40	26	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	40	27	220	220	NUM
elp-55988	40	28	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	40	29	describe	describe	VERB
elp-55988	40	30	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	40	31	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	40	32	protective	protective	ADJ
elp-55988	40	33	gaps	gap	NOUN
elp-55988	40	34	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	40	35	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	40	36	privilege	privilege	NOUN
elp-55988	40	37	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	40	38	interests	interest	NOUN
elp-55988	40	39	over	over	ADP
elp-55988	40	40	worker	worker	NOUN
elp-55988	40	41	welfare	welfare	NOUN
elp-55988	40	42	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	41	1	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	41	2	these	these	DET
elp-55988	41	3	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	41	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	41	5	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	41	6	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	41	7	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	41	8	affect	affect	VERB
elp-55988	41	9	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elp-55988	41	10	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	41	11	might	might	AUX
elp-55988	41	12	trigger	trigger	VERB
elp-55988	41	13	claims	claim	NOUN
elp-55988	41	14	under	under	ADP
elp-55988	41	15	fair	fair	ADJ
elp-55988	41	16	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	41	17	equitable	equitable	ADJ
elp-55988	41	18	treatment	treatment	NOUN
elp-55988	41	19	or	or	CCONJ
elp-55988	41	20	indirect	indirect	ADJ
elp-55988	41	21	expropriation	expropriation	NOUN
elp-55988	41	22	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	41	23	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	41	24	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	41	25	no	no	DET
elp-55988	41	26	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	41	27	language	language	NOUN
elp-55988	41	28	acknowledging	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	41	29	the	the	DET
elp-55988	41	30	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
elp-55988	41	31	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	41	32	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	41	33	regulation	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	41	34	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	41	35	a	a	DET
elp-55988	41	36	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	41	37	objective	objective	NOUN
elp-55988	41	38	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	42	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
elp-55988	42	2	recent	recent	ADJ
elp-55988	42	3	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	42	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	42	5	legislative	legislative	ADJ
elp-55988	42	6	gaps	gap	NOUN
elp-55988	42	7	recent	recent	ADJ
elp-55988	42	8	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	42	9	highlight	highlight	VERB
elp-55988	42	10	the	the	DET
elp-55988	42	11	practical	practical	ADJ
elp-55988	42	12	implications	implication	NOUN
elp-55988	42	13	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	42	14	these	these	DET
elp-55988	42	15	legislative	legislative	ADJ
elp-55988	42	16	gaps	gap	NOUN
elp-55988	42	17	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	43	1	when	when	SCONJ
elp-55988	43	2	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	43	3	amended	amend	VERB
elp-55988	43	4	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	43	5	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	43	6	contract	contract	NOUN
elp-55988	43	7	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	43	8	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	43	9	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	43	10	to	to	PART
elp-55988	43	11	cap	cap	VERB
elp-55988	43	12	overtime	overtime	NOUN
elp-55988	43	13	at	at	ADP
elp-55988	43	14	36	36	NUM
elp-55988	43	15	hours	hour	NOUN
elp-55988	43	16	monthly	monthly	ADV
elp-55988	43	17	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	43	18	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
elp-55988	43	19	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	43	20	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	43	21	platform	platform	NOUN
elp-55988	43	22	workers	worker	NOUN
elp-55988	43	23	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	43	24	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elp-55988	43	25	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	43	26	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	43	27	the	the	DET
elp-55988	43	28	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
elp-55988	43	29	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	43	30	technology	technology	NOUN
elp-55988	43	31	sectors	sector	NOUN
elp-55988	43	32	characterized	characterize	VERB
elp-55988	43	33	the	the	DET
elp-55988	43	34	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	43	35	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	43	36	potential	potential	ADJ
elp-55988	43	37	violations	violation	NOUN
elp-55988	43	38	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	43	39	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	43	40	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	43	41	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	44	1	european	european	ADJ
elp-55988	44	2	electronics	electronic	NOUN
elp-55988	44	3	manufacturers	manufacturer	NOUN
elp-55988	44	4	operating	operate	VERB
elp-55988	44	5	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	44	6	jiangsu	jiangsu	PROPN
elp-55988	44	7	province	province	PROPN
elp-55988	44	8	argued	argue	VERB
elp-55988	44	9	that	that	SCONJ
elp-55988	44	10	the	the	DET
elp-55988	44	11	overtime	overtime	NOUN
elp-55988	44	12	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
elp-55988	44	13	constituted	constitute	VERB
elp-55988	44	14	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	44	15	indirect	indirect	ADJ
elp-55988	44	16	expropriation	expropriation	NOUN
elp-55988	44	17	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	44	18	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	44	19	reducing	reduce	VERB
elp-55988	44	20	operational	operational	ADJ
elp-55988	44	21	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
elp-55988	44	22	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	44	23	increasing	increase	VERB
elp-55988	44	24	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	44	25	costs	cost	NOUN
elp-55988	44	26	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	44	27	li	li	PROPN
elp-55988	44	28	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	44	29	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	44	30	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	44	31	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	44	32	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	44	33	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	44	34	275	275	NUM
elp-55988	44	35	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	44	36	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	45	1	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	45	2	these	these	DET
elp-55988	45	3	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	45	4	were	be	AUX
elp-55988	45	5	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
elp-55988	45	6	resolved	resolve	VERB
elp-55988	45	7	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	45	8	diplomatic	diplomatic	ADJ
elp-55988	45	9	channels	channel	NOUN
elp-55988	45	10	rather	rather	ADV
elp-55988	45	11	than	than	ADP
elp-55988	45	12	formal	formal	ADJ
elp-55988	45	13	arbitration	arbitration	NOUN
elp-55988	45	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	45	15	the	the	DET
elp-55988	45	16	resulting	result	VERB
elp-55988	45	17	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	45	18	delays	delay	NOUN
elp-55988	45	19	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
elp-55988	45	20	what	what	PRON
elp-55988	45	21	heng	heng	PROPN
elp-55988	45	22	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	45	23	liu	liu	PROPN
elp-55988	45	24	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	45	25	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	45	26	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	45	27	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	45	28	130	130	NUM
elp-55988	45	29	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	45	30	term	term	NOUN
elp-55988	45	31	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	45	32	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	45	33	chill”—the	chill”—the	PRON
elp-55988	45	34	deterrent	deterrent	NOUN
elp-55988	45	35	effect	effect	NOUN
elp-55988	45	36	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	45	37	potential	potential	ADJ
elp-55988	45	38	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	45	39	claims	claim	NOUN
elp-55988	45	40	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	45	41	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	45	42	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	45	43	activity	activity	NOUN
elp-55988	45	44	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	46	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
elp-55988	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	46	3	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	46	4	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	46	5	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	46	6	work	work	NOUN
elp-55988	46	7	safety	safety	NOUN
elp-55988	46	8	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	46	9	amendments	amendment	NOUN
elp-55988	46	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	46	11	which	which	PRON
elp-55988	46	12	mandated	mandate	VERB
elp-55988	46	13	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
elp-55988	46	14	safety	safety	NOUN
elp-55988	46	15	equipment	equipment	NOUN
elp-55988	46	16	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	46	17	increased	increase	VERB
elp-55988	46	18	inspections	inspection	NOUN
elp-55988	46	19	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	46	20	facilities	facility	NOUN
elp-55988	46	21	producing	produce	VERB
elp-55988	46	22	hazardous	hazardous	ADJ
elp-55988	46	23	materials	material	NOUN
elp-55988	46	24	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	46	25	faced	face	VERB
elp-55988	46	26	resistance	resistance	NOUN
elp-55988	46	27	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	46	28	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elp-55988	46	29	chemical	chemical	NOUN
elp-55988	46	30	manufacturers	manufacturer	NOUN
elp-55988	46	31	operating	operate	VERB
elp-55988	46	32	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	46	33	shanghai	shanghai	PROPN
elp-55988	46	34	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	46	35	free	free	PROPN
elp-55988	46	36	trade	trade	NOUN
elp-55988	46	37	zone	zone	NOUN
elp-55988	46	38	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	47	1	invoking	invoke	VERB
elp-55988	47	2	the	the	DET
elp-55988	47	3	fair	fair	ADJ
elp-55988	47	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	47	5	equitable	equitable	ADJ
elp-55988	47	6	treatment	treatment	NOUN
elp-55988	47	7	provision	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	47	8	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	47	9	the	the	DET
elp-55988	47	10	applicable	applicable	ADJ
elp-55988	47	11	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	47	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	47	13	these	these	DET
elp-55988	47	14	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	47	15	argued	argue	VERB
elp-55988	47	16	that	that	SCONJ
elp-55988	47	17	the	the	DET
elp-55988	47	18	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	47	19	changes	change	NOUN
elp-55988	47	20	disrupted	disrupt	VERB
elp-55988	47	21	their	their	PRON
elp-55988	47	22	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	47	23	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	47	24	expectations	expectation	NOUN
elp-55988	47	25	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	47	26	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	47	27	operational	operational	ADJ
elp-55988	47	28	conditions	condition	NOUN
elp-55988	47	29	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	47	30	zhou	zhou	PROPN
elp-55988	47	31	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	47	32	barnes	barnes	PROPN
elp-55988	47	33	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	47	34	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	47	35	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	47	36	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	47	37	284	284	NUM
elp-55988	47	38	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	47	39	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	48	1	this	this	DET
elp-55988	48	2	dispute	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	48	3	further	far	ADV
elp-55988	48	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
elp-55988	48	5	the	the	DET
elp-55988	48	6	tensions	tension	NOUN
elp-55988	48	7	between	between	ADP
elp-55988	48	8	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	48	9	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	48	10	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	48	11	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	48	12	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	48	13	objectives	objective	NOUN
elp-55988	48	14	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	48	15	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	48	16	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	48	17	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	48	18	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	48	19	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	48	20	particularly	particularly	ADV
elp-55988	48	21	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	48	22	the	the	DET
elp-55988	48	23	absence	absence	NOUN
elp-55988	48	24	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	48	25	explicit	explicit	ADJ
elp-55988	48	26	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	48	27	language	language	NOUN
elp-55988	48	28	acknowledging	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	48	29	the	the	DET
elp-55988	48	30	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
elp-55988	48	31	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	48	32	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	48	33	regulation	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	48	34	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	49	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	NOUN
elp-55988	49	2	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	49	3	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	49	4	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	49	5	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	49	6	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	49	7	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	49	8	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	49	9	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	49	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	49	11	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	49	12	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	49	13	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	49	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	49	15	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	49	16	118	118	NUM
elp-55988	49	17	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	49	18	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	49	19	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elp-55988	49	20	inc	inc	PROPN
elp-55988	49	21	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	49	22	table	table	PROPN
elp-55988	50	1	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	50	2	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	50	3	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elp-55988	50	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elp-55988	50	5	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	50	6	legislative	legislative	ADJ
elp-55988	50	7	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	50	8	model	model	NOUN
elp-55988	50	9	strengths	strength	NOUN
elp-55988	50	10	weaknesses	weaknesse	VERB
elp-55988	50	11	relevance	relevance	NOUN
elp-55988	50	12	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	50	13	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	50	14	u.s	u.s	PROPN
elp-55988	50	15	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	50	16	2012	2012	NUM
elp-55988	50	17	strong	strong	ADJ
elp-55988	50	18	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
elp-55988	50	19	north	north	NOUN
elp-55988	50	20	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	50	21	south	south	NOUN
elp-55988	50	22	inequities	inequity	NOUN
elp-55988	50	23	limited	limit	VERB
elp-55988	50	24	applicability	applicability	NOUN
elp-55988	50	25	eu	eu	PROPN
elp-55988	50	26	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
elp-55988	50	27	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	50	28	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
elp-55988	50	29	complex	complex	ADJ
elp-55988	50	30	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	50	31	high	high	ADJ
elp-55988	50	32	asean	asean	ADJ
elp-55988	50	33	negotiation	negotiation	NOUN
elp-55988	50	34	ease	ease	VERB
elp-55988	50	35	weak	weak	ADJ
elp-55988	50	36	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	50	37	low	low	ADV
elp-55988	50	38	these	these	DET
elp-55988	50	39	examples	example	NOUN
elp-55988	50	40	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
elp-55988	50	41	how	how	SCONJ
elp-55988	50	42	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	50	43	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	50	44	existing	exist	VERB
elp-55988	50	45	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	50	46	network	network	NOUN
elp-55988	50	47	inadequately	inadequately	ADV
elp-55988	50	48	addresses	address	VERB
elp-55988	50	49	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	50	50	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	50	51	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	50	52	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	50	53	creating	create	VERB
elp-55988	50	54	uncertainties	uncertainty	NOUN
elp-55988	50	55	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	50	56	both	both	DET
elp-55988	50	57	regulators	regulator	NOUN
elp-55988	50	58	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	50	59	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	50	60	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	51	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	51	2	predominance	predominance	NOUN
elp-55988	51	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	51	4	non	non	ADJ
elp-55988	51	5	-	-	ADJ
elp-55988	51	6	binding	binding	ADJ
elp-55988	51	7	preambular	preambular	ADJ
elp-55988	51	8	language	language	NOUN
elp-55988	51	9	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	51	10	absence	absence	NOUN
elp-55988	51	11	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	51	12	explicit	explicit	ADJ
elp-55988	51	13	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	51	14	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	51	15	leaves	leave	VERB
elp-55988	51	16	significant	significant	ADJ
elp-55988	51	17	discretion	discretion	NOUN
elp-55988	51	18	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	51	19	arbitral	arbitral	ADJ
elp-55988	51	20	tribunals	tribunal	NOUN
elp-55988	51	21	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	51	22	which	which	PRON
elp-55988	51	23	historically	historically	ADV
elp-55988	51	24	prioritize	prioritize	VERB
elp-55988	51	25	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	51	26	interests	interest	NOUN
elp-55988	51	27	over	over	ADP
elp-55988	51	28	public	public	ADJ
elp-55988	51	29	welfare	welfare	NOUN
elp-55988	51	30	concerns	concern	NOUN
elp-55988	51	31	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	52	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	52	2	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	52	3	continues	continue	VERB
elp-55988	52	4	developing	develop	VERB
elp-55988	52	5	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	52	6	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	52	7	practice	practice	NOUN
elp-55988	52	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	52	9	addressing	address	VERB
elp-55988	52	10	these	these	DET
elp-55988	52	11	legislative	legislative	ADJ
elp-55988	52	12	gaps	gap	NOUN
elp-55988	52	13	becomes	become	VERB
elp-55988	52	14	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
elp-55988	52	15	important	important	ADJ
elp-55988	52	16	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	52	17	both	both	CCONJ
elp-55988	52	18	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	52	19	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	52	20	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
elp-55988	52	21	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	52	22	the	the	DET
elp-55988	52	23	reputation	reputation	NOUN
elp-55988	52	24	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	52	25	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	52	26	overseas	overseas	ADJ
elp-55988	52	27	investments	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	52	28	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	53	1	3	3	X
elp-55988	53	2	.	.	X
elp-55988	53	3	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	53	4	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	53	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	53	6	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	53	7	case	case	NOUN
elp-55988	53	8	studies	study	NOUN
elp-55988	53	9	3.1	3.1	NUM
elp-55988	53	10	host	host	NOUN
elp-55988	53	11	country	country	NOUN
elp-55988	53	12	perspective	perspective	NOUN
elp-55988	53	13	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	53	14	preserving	preserve	VERB
elp-55988	53	15	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	53	16	space	space	NOUN
elp-55988	53	17	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	53	18	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	53	19	simultaneous	simultaneous	ADJ
elp-55988	53	20	position	position	NOUN
elp-55988	53	21	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	53	22	both	both	DET
elp-55988	53	23	capital	capital	NOUN
elp-55988	53	24	importer	importer	NOUN
elp-55988	53	25	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	53	26	exporter	exporter	NOUN
elp-55988	53	27	creates	create	VERB
elp-55988	53	28	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	53	29	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	53	30	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	53	31	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	53	32	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	53	33	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	53	34	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	53	35	treaties	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	53	36	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	54	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	54	2	huang	huang	PROPN
elp-55988	54	3	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	54	4	meyer	meyer	PROPN
elp-55988	54	5	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	54	6	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	54	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	54	8	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	54	9	360	360	NUM
elp-55988	54	10	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	54	11	observe	observe	VERB
elp-55988	54	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	54	13	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	54	14	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	54	15	occupies	occupy	VERB
elp-55988	54	16	both	both	DET
elp-55988	54	17	sides	side	NOUN
elp-55988	54	18	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	54	19	the	the	DET
elp-55988	54	20	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	54	21	equation	equation	NOUN
elp-55988	54	22	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	54	23	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	54	24	potentially	potentially	ADV
elp-55988	54	25	subjecting	subject	VERB
elp-55988	54	26	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	54	27	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	54	28	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	54	29	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	54	30	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	54	31	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	54	32	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	54	33	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	54	34	facing	face	VERB
elp-55988	54	35	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	54	36	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
elp-55988	54	37	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	54	38	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	54	39	practices	practice	NOUN
elp-55988	54	40	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	54	41	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	54	42	overseas	overseas	ADJ
elp-55988	54	43	investments	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	54	44	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	55	1	this	this	DET
elp-55988	55	2	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	55	3	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	55	4	complicates	complicate	VERB
elp-55988	55	5	traditional	traditional	ADJ
elp-55988	55	6	approaches	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	55	7	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	55	8	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	55	9	design	design	NOUN
elp-55988	55	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	55	11	which	which	PRON
elp-55988	55	12	typically	typically	ADV
elp-55988	55	13	assume	assume	VERB
elp-55988	55	14	clear	clear	ADJ
elp-55988	55	15	distinctions	distinction	NOUN
elp-55988	55	16	between	between	ADP
elp-55988	55	17	capital	capital	NOUN
elp-55988	55	18	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	55	19	exporting	export	VERB
elp-55988	55	20	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	55	21	capital	capital	NOUN
elp-55988	55	22	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	55	23	importing	import	VERB
elp-55988	55	24	states	state	NOUN
elp-55988	55	25	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	55	26	correspondingly	correspondingly	ADV
elp-55988	55	27	differentiated	differentiate	VERB
elp-55988	55	28	interests	interest	NOUN
elp-55988	55	29	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	56	1	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	56	2	a	a	DET
elp-55988	56	3	host	host	NOUN
elp-55988	56	4	country	country	NOUN
elp-55988	56	5	perspective	perspective	NOUN
elp-55988	56	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	56	7	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	56	8	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	56	9	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	56	10	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	56	11	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	56	12	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
elp-55988	56	13	intersect	intersect	ADJ
elp-55988	56	14	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	56	15	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	56	16	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	56	17	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	56	18	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	56	19	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	57	1	between	between	ADP
elp-55988	57	2	2013	2013	NUM
elp-55988	57	3	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	57	4	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	57	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	57	6	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	57	7	implemented	implement	VERB
elp-55988	57	8	significant	significant	ADJ
elp-55988	57	9	improvements	improvement	NOUN
elp-55988	57	10	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	57	11	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	57	12	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	57	13	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	57	14	including	include	VERB
elp-55988	57	15	substantial	substantial	ADJ
elp-55988	57	16	minimum	minimum	ADJ
elp-55988	57	17	wage	wage	NOUN
elp-55988	57	18	increases	increase	NOUN
elp-55988	57	19	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	57	20	averaging	average	VERB
elp-55988	57	21	8.3	8.3	NUM
elp-55988	57	22	%	%	NOUN
elp-55988	57	23	annually	annually	ADV
elp-55988	57	24	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	57	25	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	57	26	the	the	DET
elp-55988	57	27	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	57	28	platform	platform	NOUN
elp-55988	57	29	worker	worker	NOUN
elp-55988	57	30	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	57	31	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	57	32	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	57	33	enhanced	enhance	VERB
elp-55988	57	34	occupational	occupational	ADJ
elp-55988	57	35	safety	safety	NOUN
elp-55988	57	36	requirements	requirement	NOUN
elp-55988	57	37	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	57	38	the	the	DET
elp-55988	57	39	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
elp-55988	57	40	sector	sector	NOUN
elp-55988	57	41	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	57	42	wu	wu	PROPN
elp-55988	57	43	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	57	44	martinez	martinez	PROPN
elp-55988	57	45	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	57	46	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	57	47	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	57	48	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	57	49	218	218	NUM
elp-55988	57	50	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	57	51	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	58	1	each	each	PRON
elp-55988	58	2	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	58	3	these	these	DET
elp-55988	58	4	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	58	5	potentially	potentially	ADV
elp-55988	58	6	affects	affect	VERB
elp-55988	58	7	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elp-55988	58	8	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	58	9	’	’	PART
elp-55988	58	10	operational	operational	ADJ
elp-55988	58	11	costs	cost	NOUN
elp-55988	58	12	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	58	13	profit	profit	NOUN
elp-55988	58	14	margins	margin	NOUN
elp-55988	58	15	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	58	16	creating	create	VERB
elp-55988	58	17	tensions	tension	NOUN
elp-55988	58	18	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	58	19	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	58	20	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	58	21	to	to	PART
elp-55988	58	22	provide	provide	VERB
elp-55988	58	23	stable	stable	ADJ
elp-55988	58	24	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	58	25	environments	environment	NOUN
elp-55988	58	26	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	59	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	59	2	chen	chen	PROPN
elp-55988	59	3	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	59	4	pham	pham	PROPN
elp-55988	59	5	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	59	6	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	59	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	59	8	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	59	9	93	93	NUM
elp-55988	59	10	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	59	11	note	note	NOUN
elp-55988	59	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	59	13	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	59	14	faces	face	VERB
elp-55988	59	15	the	the	DET
elp-55988	59	16	challenge	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	59	17	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	59	18	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	59	19	preserving	preserve	VERB
elp-55988	59	20	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	59	21	space	space	NOUN
elp-55988	59	22	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	59	23	socially	socially	ADV
elp-55988	59	24	necessary	necessary	ADJ
elp-55988	59	25	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	59	26	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	59	27	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	59	28	maintaining	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	59	29	an	an	DET
elp-55988	59	30	attractive	attractive	ADJ
elp-55988	59	31	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	59	32	climate”—a	climate”—a	NOUN
elp-55988	59	33	balancing	balance	VERB
elp-55988	59	34	act	act	NOUN
elp-55988	59	35	complicated	complicate	VERB
elp-55988	59	36	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	59	37	existing	exist	VERB
elp-55988	59	38	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	59	39	commitments	commitment	NOUN
elp-55988	59	40	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	60	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	VERB
elp-55988	60	2	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	60	3	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	60	4	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	60	5	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	60	6	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	60	7	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	60	8	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	60	9	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	60	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	60	11	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	60	12	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	60	13	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	60	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	60	15	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	60	16	119	119	NUM
elp-55988	60	17	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	60	18	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	60	19	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elp-55988	60	20	inc	inc	PROPN
elp-55988	60	21	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	60	22	table	table	PROPN
elp-55988	60	23	2	2	NUM
elp-55988	60	24	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	60	25	key	key	ADJ
elp-55988	60	26	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	60	27	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	60	28	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	60	29	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	60	30	responses	response	NOUN
elp-55988	60	31	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	60	32	2010	2010	NUM
elp-55988	60	33	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	60	34	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	60	35	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	60	36	reform	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	60	37	year	year	NOUN
elp-55988	60	38	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	60	39	response	response	NOUN
elp-55988	60	40	legal	legal	ADJ
elp-55988	60	41	basis	basis	NOUN
elp-55988	60	42	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	60	43	bits	bits	NOUN
elp-55988	60	44	overtime	overtime	NOUN
elp-55988	60	45	caps	cap	NOUN
elp-55988	60	46	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	60	47	36	36	NUM
elp-55988	60	48	hours	hour	NOUN
elp-55988	60	49	/	/	SYM
elp-55988	60	50	month	month	NOUN
elp-55988	60	51	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	60	52	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	60	53	arbitration	arbitration	NOUN
elp-55988	60	54	threats	threat	NOUN
elp-55988	60	55	under	under	ADP
elp-55988	60	56	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	60	57	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	60	58	germany	germany	PROPN
elp-55988	60	59	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	60	60	fet	fet	PROPN
elp-55988	60	61	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	60	62	expropriation	expropriation	NOUN
elp-55988	60	63	clauses	clause	VERB
elp-55988	60	64	minimum	minimum	ADJ
elp-55988	60	65	wage	wage	NOUN
elp-55988	60	66	standardization	standardization	NOUN
elp-55988	60	67	2018	2018	NUM
elp-55988	60	68	compliance	compliance	NOUN
elp-55988	60	69	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	60	70	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	60	71	sezs	sezs	PROPN
elp-55988	60	72	general	general	ADJ
elp-55988	60	73	exception	exception	NOUN
elp-55988	60	74	clauses	clause	VERB
elp-55988	60	75	collective	collective	ADJ
elp-55988	60	76	bargaining	bargaining	NOUN
elp-55988	60	77	rights	right	NOUN
elp-55988	60	78	2020	2020	NUM
elp-55988	60	79	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	60	80	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	60	81	jiangsu	jiangsu	PROPN
elp-55988	60	82	province	province	PROPN
elp-55988	60	83	preamble	preamble	NOUN
elp-55988	60	84	model	model	NOUN
elp-55988	60	85	bits	bit	VERB
elp-55988	60	86	the	the	DET
elp-55988	60	87	tensions	tension	NOUN
elp-55988	60	88	between	between	ADP
elp-55988	60	89	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	60	90	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	60	91	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	60	92	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	60	93	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	60	94	became	become	VERB
elp-55988	60	95	evident	evident	ADJ
elp-55988	60	96	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	60	97	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	60	98	when	when	SCONJ
elp-55988	60	99	several	several	ADJ
elp-55988	60	100	european	european	ADJ
elp-55988	60	101	electronics	electronic	NOUN
elp-55988	60	102	manufacturers	manufacturer	NOUN
elp-55988	60	103	challenged	challenge	VERB
elp-55988	60	104	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	60	105	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	60	106	revisions	revision	NOUN
elp-55988	60	107	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	60	108	the	the	DET
elp-55988	60	109	work	work	NOUN
elp-55988	60	110	safety	safety	NOUN
elp-55988	60	111	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	60	112	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	61	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	61	2	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	61	3	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	61	4	operating	operate	VERB
elp-55988	61	5	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	61	6	subsidiaries	subsidiary	NOUN
elp-55988	61	7	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	61	8	jiangsu	jiangsu	PROPN
elp-55988	61	9	province	province	PROPN
elp-55988	61	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	61	11	invoked	invoke	VERB
elp-55988	61	12	the	the	DET
elp-55988	61	13	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	61	14	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	61	15	expectations	expectation	NOUN
elp-55988	61	16	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	61	17	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN
elp-55988	61	18	under	under	ADP
elp-55988	61	19	applicable	applicable	ADJ
elp-55988	61	20	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	61	21	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	61	22	arguing	argue	VERB
elp-55988	61	23	that	that	SCONJ
elp-55988	61	24	the	the	DET
elp-55988	61	25	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	61	26	changes	change	NOUN
elp-55988	61	27	constituted	constitute	VERB
elp-55988	61	28	unfair	unfair	ADJ
elp-55988	61	29	treatment	treatment	NOUN
elp-55988	61	30	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	61	31	imposing	impose	VERB
elp-55988	61	32	unexpected	unexpected	ADJ
elp-55988	61	33	compliance	compliance	NOUN
elp-55988	61	34	costs	cost	NOUN
elp-55988	61	35	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	61	36	li	li	PROPN
elp-55988	61	37	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	61	38	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	61	39	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	61	40	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	61	41	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	61	42	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	61	43	278	278	NUM
elp-55988	61	44	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	61	45	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	62	1	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	62	2	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	62	3	defended	defend	VERB
elp-55988	62	4	the	the	DET
elp-55988	62	5	measures	measure	NOUN
elp-55988	62	6	as	as	ADV
elp-55988	62	7	necessary	necessary	ADJ
elp-55988	62	8	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	62	9	public	public	ADJ
elp-55988	62	10	welfare	welfare	NOUN
elp-55988	62	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	62	12	the	the	DET
elp-55988	62	13	absence	absence	NOUN
elp-55988	62	14	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	62	15	explicit	explicit	ADJ
elp-55988	62	16	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	62	17	carve	carve	NOUN
elp-55988	62	18	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	62	19	outs	out	NOUN
elp-55988	62	20	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	62	21	relevant	relevant	ADJ
elp-55988	62	22	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	62	23	created	create	VERB
elp-55988	62	24	legal	legal	ADJ
elp-55988	62	25	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
elp-55988	62	26	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	62	27	complicated	complicate	VERB
elp-55988	62	28	the	the	DET
elp-55988	62	29	dispute	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	62	30	resolution	resolution	NOUN
elp-55988	62	31	process	process	NOUN
elp-55988	62	32	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	63	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	63	2	wang	wang	PROPN
elp-55988	63	3	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	63	4	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	63	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	63	6	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	63	7	58	58	NUM
elp-55988	63	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	63	9	observes	observe	VERB
elp-55988	63	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	63	11	this	this	DET
elp-55988	63	12	case	case	NOUN
elp-55988	63	13	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
elp-55988	63	14	the	the	DET
elp-55988	63	15	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	63	16	asymmetry	asymmetry	NOUN
elp-55988	63	17	between	between	ADP
elp-55988	63	18	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	63	19	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	63	20	evolving	evolve	VERB
elp-55988	63	21	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	63	22	priorities	priority	NOUN
elp-55988	63	23	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	63	24	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	63	25	legacy	legacy	NOUN
elp-55988	63	26	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	63	27	commitments	commitment	NOUN
elp-55988	63	28	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	63	29	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	63	30	highlighting	highlight	VERB
elp-55988	63	31	the	the	DET
elp-55988	63	32	need	need	NOUN
elp-55988	63	33	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	63	34	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	63	35	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	63	36	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	63	37	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
elp-55988	63	38	recognize	recognize	VERB
elp-55988	63	39	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	63	40	regulation	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	63	41	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	63	42	a	a	DET
elp-55988	63	43	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	63	44	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	63	45	objective	objective	NOUN
elp-55988	63	46	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	64	1	3.2	3.2	NUM
elp-55988	64	2	home	home	NOUN
elp-55988	64	3	country	country	NOUN
elp-55988	64	4	perspective	perspective	NOUN
elp-55988	64	5	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	64	6	reputational	reputational	ADJ
elp-55988	64	7	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	64	8	operational	operational	ADJ
elp-55988	64	9	risks	risk	NOUN
elp-55988	64	10	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	64	11	a	a	DET
elp-55988	64	12	home	home	NOUN
elp-55988	64	13	country	country	NOUN
elp-55988	64	14	perspective	perspective	NOUN
elp-55988	64	15	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	64	16	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	64	17	faces	face	VERB
elp-55988	64	18	mounting	mount	VERB
elp-55988	64	19	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	64	20	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
elp-55988	64	21	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	64	22	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	64	23	practices	practice	NOUN
elp-55988	64	24	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	64	25	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	64	26	overseas	overseas	ADJ
elp-55988	64	27	investments	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	64	28	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	64	29	particularly	particularly	ADV
elp-55988	64	30	within	within	ADP
elp-55988	64	31	belt	belt	NOUN
elp-55988	64	32	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	64	33	road	road	NOUN
elp-55988	64	34	initiative	initiative	NOUN
elp-55988	64	35	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	64	36	bri	bri	NOUN
elp-55988	64	37	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	64	38	projects	project	NOUN
elp-55988	64	39	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	65	1	according	accord	VERB
elp-55988	65	2	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	65	3	a	a	DET
elp-55988	65	4	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
elp-55988	65	5	world	world	NOUN
elp-55988	65	6	bank	bank	PROPN
elp-55988	65	7	assessment	assessment	NOUN
elp-55988	65	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	65	9	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	65	10	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	65	11	occurred	occur	VERB
elp-55988	65	12	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	65	13	43	43	NUM
elp-55988	65	14	%	%	NOUN
elp-55988	65	15	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	65	16	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elp-55988	65	17	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	65	18	funded	fund	VERB
elp-55988	65	19	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
elp-55988	65	20	projects	project	NOUN
elp-55988	65	21	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	65	22	africa	africa	PROPN
elp-55988	65	23	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	65	24	southeast	southeast	PROPN
elp-55988	65	25	asia	asia	PROPN
elp-55988	65	26	between	between	ADP
elp-55988	65	27	2018	2018	NUM
elp-55988	65	28	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	65	29	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	65	30	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	65	31	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	65	32	common	common	ADJ
elp-55988	65	33	grievances	grievance	NOUN
elp-55988	65	34	including	include	VERB
elp-55988	65	35	wage	wage	NOUN
elp-55988	65	36	disparities	disparity	NOUN
elp-55988	65	37	between	between	ADP
elp-55988	65	38	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	65	39	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	65	40	local	local	ADJ
elp-55988	65	41	workers	worker	NOUN
elp-55988	65	42	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	65	43	excessive	excessive	ADJ
elp-55988	65	44	working	working	NOUN
elp-55988	65	45	hours	hour	NOUN
elp-55988	65	46	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	65	47	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	65	48	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
elp-55988	65	49	occupational	occupational	ADJ
elp-55988	65	50	safety	safety	NOUN
elp-55988	65	51	measures	measure	NOUN
elp-55988	65	52	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	65	53	world	world	NOUN
elp-55988	65	54	bank	bank	NOUN
elp-55988	65	55	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	65	56	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	65	57	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	65	58	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	65	59	76	76	NUM
elp-55988	65	60	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	65	61	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	66	1	these	these	DET
elp-55988	66	2	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	66	3	not	not	PART
elp-55988	66	4	only	only	ADV
elp-55988	66	5	threatened	threaten	VERB
elp-55988	66	6	project	project	NOUN
elp-55988	66	7	timelines	timeline	NOUN
elp-55988	66	8	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	66	9	profitability	profitability	NOUN
elp-55988	66	10	but	but	CCONJ
elp-55988	66	11	also	also	ADV
elp-55988	66	12	undermined	undermine	VERB
elp-55988	66	13	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	66	14	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	66	15	diplomatic	diplomatic	ADJ
elp-55988	66	16	narrative	narrative	NOUN
elp-55988	66	17	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	66	18	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	66	19	win	win	VERB
elp-55988	66	20	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	66	21	win	win	NOUN
elp-55988	66	22	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
elp-55988	66	23	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	66	24	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	66	25	the	the	DET
elp-55988	66	26	bri	bri	NOUN
elp-55988	66	27	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	67	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	67	2	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	67	3	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	67	4	okonjo	okonjo	ADJ
elp-55988	67	5	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	67	6	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	67	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	67	8	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	67	9	80	80	NUM
elp-55988	67	10	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	67	11	note	note	NOUN
elp-55988	67	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	67	13	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	67	14	practices	practice	NOUN
elp-55988	67	15	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	67	16	overseas	overseas	ADJ
elp-55988	67	17	investments	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	67	18	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
elp-55988	67	19	affect	affect	VERB
elp-55988	67	20	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	67	21	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	67	22	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	67	23	soft	soft	ADJ
elp-55988	67	24	power	power	NOUN
elp-55988	67	25	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	67	26	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	67	27	reputation	reputation	NOUN
elp-55988	67	28	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	67	29	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	67	30	creating	create	VERB
elp-55988	67	31	incentives	incentive	NOUN
elp-55988	67	32	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	67	33	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
elp-55988	67	34	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	67	35	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	67	36	within	within	ADP
elp-55988	67	37	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	67	38	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	67	39	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	67	40	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	68	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	68	2	zimbabwe	zimbabwe	PROPN
elp-55988	68	3	mining	mining	NOUN
elp-55988	68	4	dispute	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	68	5	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	68	6	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	68	7	exemplifies	exemplify	VERB
elp-55988	68	8	these	these	DET
elp-55988	68	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	68	10	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	68	11	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	68	12	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	68	13	perspective	perspective	NOUN
elp-55988	68	14	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	68	15	a	a	DET
elp-55988	68	16	capital	capital	NOUN
elp-55988	68	17	exporter	exporter	NOUN
elp-55988	68	18	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	69	1	following	follow	VERB
elp-55988	69	2	fifteen	fifteen	NUM
elp-55988	69	3	fatalities	fatality	NOUN
elp-55988	69	4	attributed	attribute	VERB
elp-55988	69	5	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	69	6	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
elp-55988	69	7	ventilation	ventilation	NOUN
elp-55988	69	8	systems	system	NOUN
elp-55988	69	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	69	10	zimbabwe	zimbabwe	PROPN
elp-55988	69	11	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	69	12	labor	labor	PROPN
elp-55988	69	13	ministry	ministry	PROPN
elp-55988	69	14	suspended	suspend	VERB
elp-55988	69	15	operations	operation	NOUN
elp-55988	69	16	at	at	ADP
elp-55988	69	17	a	a	DET
elp-55988	69	18	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elp-55988	69	19	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	69	20	owned	own	VERB
elp-55988	69	21	platinum	platinum	NOUN
elp-55988	69	22	mine	mine	NOUN
elp-55988	69	23	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	69	24	the	the	DET
elp-55988	69	25	great	great	ADJ
elp-55988	69	26	dyke	dyke	ADJ
elp-55988	69	27	region	region	NOUN
elp-55988	69	28	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	70	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	70	2	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	70	3	filed	file	VERB
elp-55988	70	4	a	a	DET
elp-55988	70	5	$	$	SYM
elp-55988	70	6	50	50	NUM
elp-55988	70	7	million	million	NUM
elp-55988	70	8	claim	claim	NOUN
elp-55988	70	9	under	under	ADP
elp-55988	70	10	the	the	DET
elp-55988	70	11	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	70	12	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	70	13	zimbabwe	zimbabwe	PROPN
elp-55988	70	14	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	70	15	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	70	16	arguing	argue	VERB
elp-55988	70	17	that	that	SCONJ
elp-55988	70	18	the	the	DET
elp-55988	70	19	suspension	suspension	NOUN
elp-55988	70	20	constituted	constitute	VERB
elp-55988	70	21	disproportionate	disproportionate	ADJ
elp-55988	70	22	punishment	punishment	NOUN
elp-55988	70	23	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	70	24	disguised	disguised	ADJ
elp-55988	70	25	expropriation	expropriation	NOUN
elp-55988	70	26	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	70	27	csid	csid	PROPN
elp-55988	70	28	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	70	29	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	70	30	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	70	31	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	71	1	zimbabwe	zimbabwe	PROPN
elp-55988	71	2	countered	counter	VERB
elp-55988	71	3	that	that	SCONJ
elp-55988	71	4	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	71	5	actions	action	NOUN
elp-55988	71	6	were	be	AUX
elp-55988	71	7	necessary	necessary	ADJ
elp-55988	71	8	to	to	PART
elp-55988	71	9	protect	protect	VERB
elp-55988	71	10	public	public	ADJ
elp-55988	71	11	health	health	NOUN
elp-55988	71	12	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	71	13	safety	safety	NOUN
elp-55988	71	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	71	15	but	but	CCONJ
elp-55988	71	16	the	the	DET
elp-55988	71	17	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	71	18	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	71	19	vague	vague	ADJ
elp-55988	71	20	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	NOUN
elp-55988	71	21	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	71	22	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	71	23	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	71	24	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	71	25	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	71	26	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	71	27	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	71	28	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	71	29	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	71	30	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	71	31	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	71	32	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	71	33	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	71	34	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	71	35	120	120	NUM
elp-55988	71	36	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	71	37	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	71	38	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elp-55988	71	39	inc	inc	PROPN
elp-55988	71	40	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	71	41	exception	exception	NOUN
elp-55988	71	42	clauses	clause	NOUN
elp-55988	71	43	provided	provide	VERB
elp-55988	71	44	limited	limited	ADJ
elp-55988	71	45	guidance	guidance	NOUN
elp-55988	71	46	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	71	47	the	the	DET
elp-55988	71	48	tribunal	tribunal	NOUN
elp-55988	71	49	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	72	1	according	accord	VERB
elp-55988	72	2	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	72	3	heng	heng	PROPN
elp-55988	72	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	72	5	liu	liu	PROPN
elp-55988	72	6	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	72	7	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	72	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	72	9	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	72	10	133	133	NUM
elp-55988	72	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	72	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	72	13	the	the	DET
elp-55988	72	14	case	case	NOUN
elp-55988	72	15	remained	remain	VERB
elp-55988	72	16	unresolved	unresolved	ADJ
elp-55988	72	17	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	72	18	eighteen	eighteen	NUM
elp-55988	72	19	months	month	NOUN
elp-55988	72	20	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	72	21	during	during	ADP
elp-55988	72	22	which	which	PRON
elp-55988	72	23	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	72	24	media	medium	NOUN
elp-55988	72	25	coverage	coverage	NOUN
elp-55988	72	26	characterized	characterize	VERB
elp-55988	72	27	the	the	DET
elp-55988	72	28	dispute	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	72	29	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	72	30	emblematic	emblematic	ADJ
elp-55988	72	31	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	72	32	exploitative	exploitative	ADJ
elp-55988	72	33	practices	practice	NOUN
elp-55988	72	34	within	within	ADP
elp-55988	72	35	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	72	36	overseas	overseas	ADJ
elp-55988	72	37	investments	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	72	38	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	73	1	3.3	3.3	NUM
elp-55988	73	2	illustrative	illustrative	ADJ
elp-55988	73	3	case	case	NOUN
elp-55988	73	4	study	study	NOUN
elp-55988	73	5	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	73	6	pakistan	pakistan	PROPN
elp-55988	73	7	sez	sez	NOUN
elp-55988	73	8	labor	labor	PROPN
elp-55988	73	9	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	73	10	pakistan	pakistan	PROPN
elp-55988	73	11	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	73	12	2020	2020	NUM
elp-55988	73	13	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	73	14	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	73	15	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	73	16	special	special	ADJ
elp-55988	73	17	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	73	18	zones	zone	NOUN
elp-55988	73	19	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	73	20	sezs	sezs	NOUN
elp-55988	73	21	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	73	22	containing	contain	VERB
elp-55988	73	23	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	73	24	investments	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	73	25	triggered	trigger	VERB
elp-55988	73	26	significant	significant	ADJ
elp-55988	73	27	tensions	tension	NOUN
elp-55988	73	28	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	73	29	highlighted	highlight	VERB
elp-55988	73	30	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	73	31	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	73	32	complex	complex	ADJ
elp-55988	73	33	position	position	NOUN
elp-55988	73	34	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	74	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	74	2	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	74	3	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	74	4	which	which	PRON
elp-55988	74	5	mandated	mandate	VERB
elp-55988	74	6	equal	equal	ADJ
elp-55988	74	7	pay	pay	NOUN
elp-55988	74	8	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	74	9	local	local	ADJ
elp-55988	74	10	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	74	11	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	74	12	workers	worker	NOUN
elp-55988	74	13	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	74	14	established	establish	VERB
elp-55988	74	15	minimum	minimum	ADJ
elp-55988	74	16	training	training	NOUN
elp-55988	74	17	requirements	requirement	NOUN
elp-55988	74	18	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	74	19	technical	technical	ADJ
elp-55988	74	20	positions	position	NOUN
elp-55988	74	21	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	74	22	were	be	AUX
elp-55988	74	23	challenged	challenge	VERB
elp-55988	74	24	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	74	25	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	74	26	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	74	27	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	74	28	violations	violation	NOUN
elp-55988	74	29	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	74	30	the	the	DET
elp-55988	74	31	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	74	32	fair	fair	ADJ
elp-55988	74	33	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	74	34	equitable	equitable	ADJ
elp-55988	74	35	treatment	treatment	NOUN
elp-55988	74	36	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	74	37	standard	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	74	38	under	under	ADP
elp-55988	74	39	the	the	DET
elp-55988	74	40	1989	1989	NUM
elp-55988	74	41	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	74	42	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	74	43	pakistan	pakistan	PROPN
elp-55988	74	44	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	74	45	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	74	46	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
elp-55988	74	47	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	74	48	zhou	zhou	PROPN
elp-55988	74	49	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	74	50	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	74	51	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	74	52	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	74	53	420	420	NUM
elp-55988	74	54	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	74	55	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	1	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	75	2	diplomatic	diplomatic	ADJ
elp-55988	75	3	pressure	pressure	NOUN
elp-55988	75	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	5	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	75	6	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	75	7	commerce	commerce	PROPN
elp-55988	75	8	ministry	ministry	PROPN
elp-55988	75	9	secured	secure	VERB
elp-55988	75	10	a	a	DET
elp-55988	75	11	two	two	NUM
elp-55988	75	12	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	13	year	year	NOUN
elp-55988	75	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	75	15	delay	delay	NOUN
elp-55988	75	16	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	17	but	but	CCONJ
elp-55988	75	18	the	the	DET
elp-55988	75	19	dispute	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	75	20	highlighted	highlight	VERB
elp-55988	75	21	what	what	PRON
elp-55988	75	22	scholars	scholar	NOUN
elp-55988	75	23	term	term	VERB
elp-55988	75	24	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	25	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	75	26	chill	chill	NOUN
elp-55988	75	27	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	28	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	29	host	host	NOUN
elp-55988	75	30	states	state	NOUN
elp-55988	75	31	hesitating	hesitate	VERB
elp-55988	75	32	to	to	PART
elp-55988	75	33	enact	enact	VERB
elp-55988	75	34	necessary	necessary	ADJ
elp-55988	75	35	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	75	36	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	75	37	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	38	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	39	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	40	reputational	reputational	ADJ
elp-55988	75	41	damage	damage	NOUN
elp-55988	75	42	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	43	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	44	undermining	undermine	VERB
elp-55988	75	45	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	75	46	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	75	47	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	48	win	win	NOUN
elp-55988	75	49	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	50	win	win	NOUN
elp-55988	75	51	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	52	narrative	narrative	NOUN
elp-55988	75	53	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	54	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	55	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	75	56	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	57	legal	legal	ADJ
elp-55988	75	58	fragmentation	fragmentation	NOUN
elp-55988	75	59	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	60	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	61	relying	rely	VERB
elp-55988	75	62	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	75	63	ad	ad	X
elp-55988	75	64	hoc	hoc	X
elp-55988	75	65	solutions	solution	NOUN
elp-55988	75	66	rather	rather	ADV
elp-55988	75	67	than	than	ADP
elp-55988	75	68	predictable	predictable	ADJ
elp-55988	75	69	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	75	70	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	75	71	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	75	72	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	76	1	these	these	DET
elp-55988	76	2	cases	case	NOUN
elp-55988	76	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
elp-55988	76	4	how	how	SCONJ
elp-55988	76	5	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	76	6	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	76	7	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	76	8	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	76	9	creates	create	VERB
elp-55988	76	10	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	76	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	76	12	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	76	13	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	76	14	design	design	NOUN
elp-55988	76	15	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	77	1	conventional	conventional	ADJ
elp-55988	77	2	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	77	3	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	77	4	prioritize	prioritize	VERB
elp-55988	77	5	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	77	6	protection	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	77	7	over	over	ADP
elp-55988	77	8	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	77	9	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
elp-55988	77	10	become	become	VERB
elp-55988	77	11	problematic	problematic	ADJ
elp-55988	77	12	when	when	SCONJ
elp-55988	77	13	applied	apply	VERB
elp-55988	77	14	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	77	15	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	77	16	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	77	17	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	77	18	where	where	SCONJ
elp-55988	77	19	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	77	20	occupies	occupy	VERB
elp-55988	77	21	both	both	DET
elp-55988	77	22	sides	side	NOUN
elp-55988	77	23	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	77	24	the	the	DET
elp-55988	77	25	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	77	26	equation	equation	NOUN
elp-55988	77	27	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	78	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	78	2	gallagher	gallagher	PROPN
elp-55988	78	3	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	78	4	wang	wang	PROPN
elp-55988	78	5	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	78	6	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	78	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	78	8	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	78	9	625	625	NUM
elp-55988	78	10	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	78	11	observe	observe	VERB
elp-55988	78	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	78	13	this	this	DET
elp-55988	78	14	unique	unique	ADJ
elp-55988	78	15	position	position	NOUN
elp-55988	78	16	necessitates	necessitate	VERB
elp-55988	78	17	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	78	18	innovative	innovative	ADJ
elp-55988	78	19	approaches	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	78	20	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	78	21	balance	balance	NOUN
elp-55988	78	22	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	78	23	protection	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	78	24	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	78	25	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	78	26	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
elp-55988	78	27	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	78	28	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	78	29	creating	create	VERB
elp-55988	78	30	space	space	NOUN
elp-55988	78	31	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	78	32	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	78	33	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	78	34	regulation	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	78	35	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	78	36	providing	provide	VERB
elp-55988	78	37	predictable	predictable	ADJ
elp-55988	78	38	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	78	39	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	78	40	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	78	41	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	79	1	4	4	X
elp-55988	79	2	.	.	X
elp-55988	79	3	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elp-55988	79	4	approaches	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	79	5	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	79	6	proposed	propose	VERB
elp-55988	79	7	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	79	8	4.1	4.1	NUM
elp-55988	79	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elp-55988	79	10	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	79	11	existing	exist	VERB
elp-55988	79	12	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	79	13	addressing	address	VERB
elp-55988	79	14	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	79	15	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	79	16	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	79	17	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	79	18	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	79	19	requires	require	VERB
elp-55988	79	20	innovative	innovative	ADJ
elp-55988	79	21	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	79	22	design	design	NOUN
elp-55988	79	23	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	79	24	draws	draw	VERB
elp-55988	79	25	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	79	26	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elp-55988	79	27	experience	experience	NOUN
elp-55988	79	28	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	79	29	acknowledging	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	79	30	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	79	31	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	79	32	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	79	33	context	context	NOUN
elp-55988	79	34	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	80	1	existing	exist	VERB
elp-55988	80	2	approaches	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	80	3	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	80	4	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	80	5	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	80	6	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	80	7	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	80	8	treaties	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	80	9	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
elp-55988	80	10	significant	significant	ADJ
elp-55988	80	11	variation	variation	NOUN
elp-55988	80	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	80	13	reflecting	reflect	VERB
elp-55988	80	14	different	different	ADJ
elp-55988	80	15	philosophical	philosophical	ADJ
elp-55988	80	16	orientations	orientation	NOUN
elp-55988	80	17	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	80	18	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	80	19	traditions	tradition	NOUN
elp-55988	80	20	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	81	1	analyzing	analyze	VERB
elp-55988	81	2	these	these	DET
elp-55988	81	3	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	81	4	provides	provide	VERB
elp-55988	81	5	valuable	valuable	ADJ
elp-55988	81	6	insights	insight	NOUN
elp-55988	81	7	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	81	8	developing	develop	VERB
elp-55988	81	9	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	81	10	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	81	11	specific	specific	ADJ
elp-55988	81	12	approaches	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	81	13	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	81	14	balance	balance	VERB
elp-55988	81	15	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	81	16	protection	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	81	17	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	81	18	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	81	19	welfare	welfare	NOUN
elp-55988	81	20	considerations	consideration	NOUN
elp-55988	81	21	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	82	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	82	2	united	united	PROPN
elp-55988	82	3	states	states	PROPN
elp-55988	82	4	model	model	NOUN
elp-55988	82	5	represents	represent	VERB
elp-55988	82	6	the	the	DET
elp-55988	82	7	most	most	ADV
elp-55988	82	8	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
elp-55988	82	9	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	82	10	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	82	11	integrating	integrate	VERB
elp-55988	82	12	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	82	13	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	82	14	into	into	ADP
elp-55988	82	15	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	82	16	treaties	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	82	17	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	83	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	83	2	2012	2012	NUM
elp-55988	83	3	u.s	u.s	PROPN
elp-55988	83	4	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	83	5	model	model	NOUN
elp-55988	83	6	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	83	7	contains	contain	VERB
elp-55988	83	8	binding	bind	VERB
elp-55988	83	9	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	83	10	requiring	require	VERB
elp-55988	83	11	parties	party	NOUN
elp-55988	83	12	to	to	PART
elp-55988	83	13	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	83	14	adopt	adopt	VERB
elp-55988	83	15	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	83	16	maintain	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	83	17	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	83	18	laws	law	NOUN
elp-55988	83	19	consistent	consistent	ADJ
elp-55988	83	20	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	83	21	internationally	internationally	ADV
elp-55988	83	22	recognized	recognize	VERB
elp-55988	83	23	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	83	24	rights	right	NOUN
elp-55988	83	25	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	83	26	establishes	establish	VERB
elp-55988	83	27	institutional	institutional	ADJ
elp-55988	83	28	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	83	29	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	83	30	civil	civil	ADJ
elp-55988	83	31	society	society	NOUN
elp-55988	83	32	participation	participation	NOUN
elp-55988	83	33	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	83	34	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	83	35	excludes	exclude	VERB
elp-55988	83	36	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	83	37	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	83	38	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	83	39	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	83	40	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	83	41	state	state	NOUN
elp-55988	83	42	arbitration	arbitration	NOUN
elp-55988	83	43	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	83	44	ustr	ustr	PROPN
elp-55988	83	45	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	83	46	2012	2012	NUM
elp-55988	83	47	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	83	48	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	84	1	according	accord	VERB
elp-55988	84	2	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	84	3	johnson	johnson	PROPN
elp-55988	84	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	84	5	sachs	sachs	PROPN
elp-55988	84	6	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	84	7	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	84	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	84	9	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	84	10	315	315	NUM
elp-55988	84	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	84	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	84	13	this	this	DET
elp-55988	84	14	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	84	15	reflects	reflect	VERB
elp-55988	84	16	a	a	DET
elp-55988	84	17	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	84	18	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
elp-55988	84	19	reorientation	reorientation	NOUN
elp-55988	84	20	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	84	21	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	84	22	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	84	23	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	84	24	toward	toward	ADP
elp-55988	84	25	balancing	balance	VERB
elp-55988	84	26	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	84	27	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	84	28	social	social	ADJ
elp-55988	84	29	concerns	concern	NOUN
elp-55988	84	30	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	85	1	however	however	ADV
elp-55988	85	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	85	3	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	85	4	wu	wu	PROPN
elp-55988	85	5	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	85	6	martinez	martinez	PROPN
elp-55988	85	7	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	85	8	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	85	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	85	10	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	85	11	225	225	NUM
elp-55988	85	12	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	85	13	observe	observe	VERB
elp-55988	85	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	85	15	the	the	DET
elp-55988	85	16	u.s	u.s	PROPN
elp-55988	85	17	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	85	18	model	model	PROPN
elp-55988	85	19	presupposes	presuppose	VERB
elp-55988	85	20	institutional	institutional	ADJ
elp-55988	85	21	capacity	capacity	NOUN
elp-55988	85	22	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	85	23	political	political	ADJ
elp-55988	85	24	willingness	willingness	NOUN
elp-55988	85	25	to	to	PART
elp-55988	85	26	enforce	enforce	VERB
elp-55988	85	27	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	85	28	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	85	29	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	85	30	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	85	31	may	may	AUX
elp-55988	85	32	not	not	PART
elp-55988	85	33	align	align	VERB
elp-55988	85	34	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	85	35	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	85	36	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	85	37	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	85	38	priorities	priority	NOUN
elp-55988	85	39	or	or	CCONJ
elp-55988	85	40	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	85	41	traditions	tradition	NOUN
elp-55988	85	42	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	86	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
elp-55988	86	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	86	3	the	the	DET
elp-55988	86	4	model	model	NOUN
elp-55988	86	5	relies	rely	VERB
elp-55988	86	6	heavily	heavily	ADV
elp-55988	86	7	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	86	8	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	NOUN
elp-55988	86	9	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	86	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	86	11	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	86	12	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	86	13	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	86	14	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	86	15	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	87	1	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	87	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	87	3	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	87	4	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	87	5	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	87	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	87	7	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	87	8	121	121	NUM
elp-55988	87	9	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	87	10	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	87	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elp-55988	87	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elp-55988	87	13	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	87	14	western	western	ADJ
elp-55988	87	15	conceptions	conception	NOUN
elp-55988	87	16	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	87	17	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	87	18	rights	right	NOUN
elp-55988	87	19	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	87	20	may	may	AUX
elp-55988	87	21	not	not	PART
elp-55988	87	22	fully	fully	ADV
elp-55988	87	23	accommodate	accommodate	VERB
elp-55988	87	24	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	87	25	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	87	26	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	87	27	social	social	ADJ
elp-55988	87	28	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	87	29	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	87	30	context	context	NOUN
elp-55988	87	31	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	88	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	88	2	european	european	PROPN
elp-55988	88	3	union	union	PROPN
elp-55988	88	4	offers	offer	VERB
elp-55988	88	5	an	an	DET
elp-55988	88	6	alternative	alternative	ADJ
elp-55988	88	7	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	88	8	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	88	9	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	88	10	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	88	11	court	court	NOUN
elp-55988	88	12	system	system	NOUN
elp-55988	88	13	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	88	14	exemplified	exemplify	VERB
elp-55988	88	15	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	88	16	the	the	DET
elp-55988	88	17	2020	2020	NUM
elp-55988	88	18	eu	eu	PROPN
elp-55988	88	19	-	-	PROPN
elp-55988	88	20	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
elp-55988	88	21	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	88	22	protection	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	88	23	agreement	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	88	24	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	89	1	this	this	DET
elp-55988	89	2	model	model	NOUN
elp-55988	89	3	preserves	preserve	VERB
elp-55988	89	4	substantial	substantial	ADJ
elp-55988	89	5	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	89	6	space	space	NOUN
elp-55988	89	7	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	89	8	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	89	9	regulation	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	89	10	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	89	11	establishing	establish	VERB
elp-55988	89	12	proportionality	proportionality	NOUN
elp-55988	89	13	requirements	requirement	NOUN
elp-55988	89	14	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	89	15	balance	balance	VERB
elp-55988	89	16	public	public	ADJ
elp-55988	89	17	welfare	welfare	NOUN
elp-55988	89	18	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	89	19	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	89	20	interests	interest	NOUN
elp-55988	89	21	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	89	22	european	european	PROPN
elp-55988	89	23	commission	commission	PROPN
elp-55988	89	24	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	89	25	2020	2020	NUM
elp-55988	89	26	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	89	27	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	90	1	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	90	2	violations	violation	NOUN
elp-55988	90	3	may	may	AUX
elp-55988	90	4	constitute	constitute	VERB
elp-55988	90	5	breaches	breach	NOUN
elp-55988	90	6	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	90	7	fair	fair	ADJ
elp-55988	90	8	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	90	9	equitable	equitable	ADJ
elp-55988	90	10	treatment	treatment	NOUN
elp-55988	90	11	only	only	ADV
elp-55988	90	12	when	when	SCONJ
elp-55988	90	13	systematic	systematic	ADJ
elp-55988	90	14	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	90	15	unremedied	unremedied	ADJ
elp-55988	90	16	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	90	17	creating	create	VERB
elp-55988	90	18	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
elp-55988	90	19	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	90	20	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	90	21	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	90	22	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	90	23	maintaining	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	90	24	minimum	minimum	ADJ
elp-55988	90	25	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	90	26	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	91	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	91	2	agreement	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	91	3	also	also	ADV
elp-55988	91	4	incorporates	incorporate	VERB
elp-55988	91	5	a	a	DET
elp-55988	91	6	standing	stand	VERB
elp-55988	91	7	tribunal	tribunal	NOUN
elp-55988	91	8	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	91	9	appellate	appellate	ADJ
elp-55988	91	10	review	review	NOUN
elp-55988	91	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	91	12	addressing	address	VERB
elp-55988	91	13	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
elp-55988	91	14	concerns	concern	NOUN
elp-55988	91	15	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	91	16	traditional	traditional	ADJ
elp-55988	91	17	arbitration	arbitration	NOUN
elp-55988	91	18	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	92	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	92	2	huang	huang	PROPN
elp-55988	92	3	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	92	4	meyer	meyer	PROPN
elp-55988	92	5	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	92	6	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	92	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	92	8	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	92	9	365	365	NUM
elp-55988	92	10	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	92	11	note	note	NOUN
elp-55988	92	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	92	13	this	this	DET
elp-55988	92	14	balanced	balanced	ADJ
elp-55988	92	15	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	92	16	offers	offer	VERB
elp-55988	92	17	valuable	valuable	ADJ
elp-55988	92	18	lessons	lesson	NOUN
elp-55988	92	19	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	92	20	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	92	21	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	92	22	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	92	23	reform	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	92	24	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	92	25	though	though	SCONJ
elp-55988	92	26	european	european	ADJ
elp-55988	92	27	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	92	28	remain	remain	VERB
elp-55988	92	29	embedded	embed	VERB
elp-55988	92	30	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	92	31	distinctively	distinctively	ADV
elp-55988	92	32	western	western	ADJ
elp-55988	92	33	conceptions	conception	NOUN
elp-55988	92	34	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	92	35	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	92	36	rights	right	NOUN
elp-55988	92	37	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	92	38	administrative	administrative	ADJ
elp-55988	92	39	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	92	40	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	93	1	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	93	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
elp-55988	93	3	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	93	4	the	the	DET
elp-55988	93	5	regional	regional	ADJ
elp-55988	93	6	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
elp-55988	93	7	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	93	8	partnership	partnership	NOUN
elp-55988	93	9	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	93	10	rcep	rcep	PROPN
elp-55988	93	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	93	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	93	13	which	which	PRON
elp-55988	93	14	includes	include	VERB
elp-55988	93	15	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	93	16	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	93	17	asean	asean	PROPN
elp-55988	93	18	nations	nation	NOUN
elp-55988	93	19	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	93	20	adopts	adopt	VERB
elp-55988	93	21	what	what	PRON
elp-55988	93	22	heng	heng	PROPN
elp-55988	93	23	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	93	24	liu	liu	PROPN
elp-55988	93	25	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	93	26	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	93	27	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	93	28	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	93	29	128	128	NUM
elp-55988	93	30	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	93	31	term	term	NOUN
elp-55988	93	32	a	a	DET
elp-55988	93	33	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	93	34	minimalist	minimalist	ADJ
elp-55988	93	35	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	93	36	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	93	37	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	93	38	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	93	39	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	93	40	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	94	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	94	2	agreement	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	94	3	omits	omit	VERB
elp-55988	94	4	substantive	substantive	ADJ
elp-55988	94	5	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	94	6	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	94	7	entirely	entirely	ADV
elp-55988	94	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	94	9	reflecting	reflect	VERB
elp-55988	94	10	a	a	DET
elp-55988	94	11	traditional	traditional	ADJ
elp-55988	94	12	conception	conception	NOUN
elp-55988	94	13	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	94	14	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	94	15	treaties	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	94	16	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	94	17	purely	purely	ADV
elp-55988	94	18	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	94	19	instruments	instrument	NOUN
elp-55988	94	20	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	95	1	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	95	2	this	this	DET
elp-55988	95	3	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	95	4	maximizes	maximize	VERB
elp-55988	95	5	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	95	6	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
elp-55988	95	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	95	8	it	it	PRON
elp-55988	95	9	provides	provide	VERB
elp-55988	95	10	no	no	DET
elp-55988	95	11	minimum	minimum	ADJ
elp-55988	95	12	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	95	13	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	95	14	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	95	15	practices	practice	NOUN
elp-55988	95	16	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	95	17	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	95	18	contexts	contexts	NOUN
elp-55988	95	19	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	96	1	according	accord	VERB
elp-55988	96	2	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	96	3	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	96	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	96	5	li	li	PROPN
elp-55988	96	6	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	96	7	2020	2020	NUM
elp-55988	96	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	96	9	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	96	10	92	92	NUM
elp-55988	96	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	96	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	96	13	this	this	DET
elp-55988	96	14	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	96	15	vacuum	vacuum	NOUN
elp-55988	96	16	can	can	AUX
elp-55988	96	17	lead	lead	VERB
elp-55988	96	18	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	96	19	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	96	20	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
elp-55988	96	21	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
elp-55988	96	22	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	96	23	protection	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	96	24	gaps	gap	NOUN
elp-55988	96	25	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	96	26	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	96	27	undermine	undermine	VERB
elp-55988	96	28	both	both	DET
elp-55988	96	29	worker	worker	NOUN
elp-55988	96	30	welfare	welfare	NOUN
elp-55988	96	31	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	96	32	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	96	33	predictability	predictability	NOUN
elp-55988	96	34	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	97	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	97	2	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	97	3	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	97	4	protests	protest	NOUN
elp-55988	97	5	at	at	ADP
elp-55988	97	6	a	a	DET
elp-55988	97	7	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elp-55988	97	8	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	97	9	owned	own	VERB
elp-55988	97	10	garment	garment	NOUN
elp-55988	97	11	factory	factory	NOUN
elp-55988	97	12	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	97	13	cambodia	cambodia	PROPN
elp-55988	97	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	97	15	which	which	PRON
elp-55988	97	16	faced	face	VERB
elp-55988	97	17	no	no	DET
elp-55988	97	18	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	97	19	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	97	20	based	base	VERB
elp-55988	97	21	accountability	accountability	NOUN
elp-55988	97	22	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	97	23	despite	despite	SCONJ
elp-55988	97	24	documented	document	VERB
elp-55988	97	25	wage	wage	NOUN
elp-55988	97	26	theft	theft	NOUN
elp-55988	97	27	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	97	28	exemplifies	exemplify	VERB
elp-55988	97	29	these	these	DET
elp-55988	97	30	limitations	limitation	NOUN
elp-55988	97	31	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	97	32	heng	heng	PROPN
elp-55988	97	33	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	97	34	liu	liu	PROPN
elp-55988	97	35	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	97	36	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	97	37	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	97	38	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	97	39	131	131	NUM
elp-55988	97	40	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	97	41	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	98	1	4.2	4.2	NUM
elp-55988	98	2	the	the	DET
elp-55988	98	3	gradualist	gradualist	ADJ
elp-55988	98	4	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	98	5	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	98	6	core	core	NOUN
elp-55988	98	7	components	component	NOUN
elp-55988	98	8	drawing	draw	VERB
elp-55988	98	9	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	98	10	these	these	DET
elp-55988	98	11	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elp-55988	98	12	insights	insight	NOUN
elp-55988	98	13	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	98	14	acknowledging	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	98	15	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	98	16	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	98	17	unique	unique	ADJ
elp-55988	98	18	position	position	NOUN
elp-55988	98	19	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	98	20	this	this	DET
elp-55988	98	21	article	article	NOUN
elp-55988	98	22	proposes	propose	VERB
elp-55988	98	23	a	a	DET
elp-55988	98	24	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	98	25	gradualist	gradualist	ADJ
elp-55988	98	26	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	98	27	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	98	28	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	98	29	integrating	integrate	VERB
elp-55988	98	30	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	98	31	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	98	32	into	into	ADP
elp-55988	98	33	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	98	34	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	98	35	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	99	1	this	this	DET
elp-55988	99	2	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	99	3	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
elp-55988	99	4	incremental	incremental	ADJ
elp-55988	99	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	99	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	99	7	differentiated	differentiated	ADJ
elp-55988	99	8	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	99	9	based	base	VERB
elp-55988	99	10	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	99	11	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	99	12	contexts	context	NOUN
elp-55988	99	13	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	99	14	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	99	15	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	99	16	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	99	17	balance	balance	VERB
elp-55988	99	18	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN
elp-55988	99	19	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	99	20	accountability	accountability	NOUN
elp-55988	99	21	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	100	1	rather	rather	ADV
elp-55988	100	2	than	than	ADP
elp-55988	100	3	imposing	impose	VERB
elp-55988	100	4	immediate	immediate	ADJ
elp-55988	100	5	high	high	ADJ
elp-55988	100	6	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	100	7	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	100	8	rigid	rigid	ADJ
elp-55988	100	9	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	100	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	100	11	it	it	PRON
elp-55988	100	12	establishes	establish	VERB
elp-55988	100	13	a	a	DET
elp-55988	100	14	trajectory	trajectory	NOUN
elp-55988	100	15	toward	toward	ADP
elp-55988	100	16	enhanced	enhance	VERB
elp-55988	100	17	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	100	18	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	100	19	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	100	20	preserving	preserve	VERB
elp-55988	100	21	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
elp-55988	100	22	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	100	23	contextual	contextual	ADJ
elp-55988	100	24	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	100	25	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	101	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	101	2	wang	wang	PROPN
elp-55988	101	3	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	101	4	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	101	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	101	6	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	101	7	60	60	NUM
elp-55988	101	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	101	9	observes	observe	VERB
elp-55988	101	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	101	11	this	this	DET
elp-55988	101	12	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	101	13	aligns	align	VERB
elp-55988	101	14	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	101	15	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	101	16	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	101	17	broader	broad	ADJ
elp-55988	101	18	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
elp-55988	101	19	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	101	20	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	101	21	seeking	seek	VERB
elp-55988	101	22	progress	progress	NOUN
elp-55988	101	23	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	101	24	maintaining	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	101	25	stability	stability	NOUN
elp-55988	101	26	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	101	27	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	101	28	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	101	29	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	101	30	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	102	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	102	2	proposed	propose	VERB
elp-55988	102	3	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	102	4	consists	consist	VERB
elp-55988	102	5	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	102	6	several	several	ADJ
elp-55988	102	7	complementary	complementary	ADJ
elp-55988	102	8	components	component	NOUN
elp-55988	102	9	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	102	10	collectively	collectively	ADV
elp-55988	102	11	address	address	VERB
elp-55988	102	12	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	102	13	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	102	14	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	102	15	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	102	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	102	17	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	103	1	preambular	preambular	ADJ
elp-55988	103	2	recognition	recognition	NOUN
elp-55988	103	3	establishes	establish	VERB
elp-55988	103	4	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	103	5	protection	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	103	6	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	103	7	a	a	DET
elp-55988	103	8	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	103	9	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	103	10	objective	objective	NOUN
elp-55988	103	11	without	without	ADP
elp-55988	103	12	creating	create	VERB
elp-55988	103	13	immediate	immediate	ADJ
elp-55988	103	14	binding	bind	VERB
elp-55988	103	15	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	103	16	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	1	language	language	NOUN
elp-55988	104	2	referencing	reference	VERB
elp-55988	104	3	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	4	decent	decent	ADJ
elp-55988	104	5	work	work	NOUN
elp-55988	104	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	7	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	8	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	9	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
elp-55988	104	10	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	104	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	12	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	13	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	104	14	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	15	corporate	corporate	ADJ
elp-55988	104	16	social	social	ADJ
elp-55988	104	17	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
elp-55988	104	18	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	19	establishes	establish	VERB
elp-55988	104	20	interpretive	interpretive	ADJ
elp-55988	104	21	context	context	NOUN
elp-55988	104	22	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	104	23	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
elp-55988	104	24	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	104	25	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	104	26	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	104	27	signaling	signal	VERB
elp-55988	104	28	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	104	29	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	104	30	commitment	commitment	NOUN
elp-55988	104	31	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	104	32	balanced	balanced	ADJ
elp-55988	104	33	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	104	34	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	104	35	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	36	wei	wei	PROPN
elp-55988	104	37	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	38	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	104	39	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	40	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	104	41	198	198	NUM
elp-55988	104	42	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	104	43	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	105	1	these	these	DET
elp-55988	105	2	preambular	preambular	ADJ
elp-55988	105	3	references	reference	NOUN
elp-55988	105	4	should	should	AUX
elp-55988	105	5	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
elp-55988	105	6	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	105	7	the	the	DET
elp-55988	105	8	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	105	9	right	right	NOUN
elp-55988	105	10	to	to	PART
elp-55988	105	11	regulate	regulate	VERB
elp-55988	105	12	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	105	13	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	105	14	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	105	15	matters	matter	NOUN
elp-55988	105	16	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	105	17	establishing	establish	VERB
elp-55988	105	18	a	a	DET
elp-55988	105	19	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	105	20	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	105	21	based	base	VERB
elp-55988	105	22	foundation	foundation	NOUN
elp-55988	105	23	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	105	24	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	105	25	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	105	26	interventions	intervention	NOUN
elp-55988	105	27	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	106	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	NOUN
elp-55988	106	2	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	106	3	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	106	4	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	106	5	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	106	6	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	106	7	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	106	8	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	106	9	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	106	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	106	11	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	106	12	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	106	13	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	106	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	106	15	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	106	16	122	122	NUM
elp-55988	106	17	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	106	18	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	106	19	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elp-55988	106	20	inc	inc	PROPN
elp-55988	106	21	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	107	1	building	build	VERB
elp-55988	107	2	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	107	3	this	this	DET
elp-55988	107	4	foundation	foundation	NOUN
elp-55988	107	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	107	6	non	non	ADJ
elp-55988	107	7	-	-	ADJ
elp-55988	107	8	derogation	derogation	ADJ
elp-55988	107	9	clauses	clause	NOUN
elp-55988	107	10	prohibit	prohibit	VERB
elp-55988	107	11	parties	party	NOUN
elp-55988	107	12	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	107	13	weakening	weaken	VERB
elp-55988	107	14	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	107	15	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	107	16	specifically	specifically	ADV
elp-55988	107	17	to	to	PART
elp-55988	107	18	attract	attract	VERB
elp-55988	107	19	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	107	20	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	108	1	these	these	DET
elp-55988	108	2	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	108	3	establish	establish	VERB
elp-55988	108	4	a	a	DET
elp-55988	108	5	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	108	6	floor	floor	NOUN
elp-55988	108	7	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	108	8	preserving	preserve	VERB
elp-55988	108	9	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
elp-55988	108	10	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	108	11	specific	specific	ADJ
elp-55988	108	12	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	108	13	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	108	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	108	15	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	108	16	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	109	1	according	accord	VERB
elp-55988	109	2	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	109	3	li	li	PROPN
elp-55988	109	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	109	5	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	109	6	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	109	7	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	109	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	109	9	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	109	10	282	282	NUM
elp-55988	109	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	109	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	109	13	referencing	reference	VERB
elp-55988	109	14	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	109	15	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	109	16	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	109	17	laws	law	NOUN
elp-55988	109	18	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	109	19	rather	rather	ADV
elp-55988	109	20	than	than	ADP
elp-55988	109	21	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	109	22	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	109	23	acknowledges	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	109	24	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	109	25	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	109	26	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
elp-55988	109	27	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	109	28	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN
elp-55988	109	29	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	109	30	preventing	prevent	VERB
elp-55988	109	31	competitive	competitive	ADJ
elp-55988	109	32	deregulation	deregulation	NOUN
elp-55988	109	33	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	109	34	undermines	undermine	VERB
elp-55988	109	35	worker	worker	NOUN
elp-55988	109	36	welfare	welfare	NOUN
elp-55988	109	37	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	110	1	this	this	DET
elp-55988	110	2	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	110	3	allows	allow	VERB
elp-55988	110	4	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	110	5	to	to	PART
elp-55988	110	6	maintain	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	110	7	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	110	8	gradualist	gradualist	ADJ
elp-55988	110	9	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	110	10	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	110	11	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	110	12	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	110	13	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	110	14	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	110	15	addressing	address	VERB
elp-55988	110	16	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	110	17	concerns	concern	NOUN
elp-55988	110	18	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	110	19	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	110	20	races	race	NOUN
elp-55988	110	21	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	110	22	the	the	DET
elp-55988	110	23	bottom	bottom	NOUN
elp-55988	110	24	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	111	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	111	2	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	111	3	further	far	ADV
elp-55988	111	4	incorporates	incorporate	VERB
elp-55988	111	5	explicit	explicit	ADJ
elp-55988	111	6	exception	exception	NOUN
elp-55988	111	7	clauses	clause	NOUN
elp-55988	111	8	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	111	9	specifically	specifically	ADV
elp-55988	111	10	include	include	VERB
elp-55988	111	11	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	111	12	regulations	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	111	13	within	within	ADP
elp-55988	111	14	public	public	ADJ
elp-55988	111	15	welfare	welfare	NOUN
elp-55988	111	16	measures	measure	NOUN
elp-55988	111	17	exempt	exempt	ADJ
elp-55988	111	18	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	111	19	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	111	20	claims	claim	NOUN
elp-55988	111	21	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	112	1	rather	rather	ADV
elp-55988	112	2	than	than	ADP
elp-55988	112	3	relying	rely	VERB
elp-55988	112	4	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	112	5	general	general	ADJ
elp-55988	112	6	references	reference	NOUN
elp-55988	112	7	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	112	8	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	112	9	public	public	ADJ
elp-55988	112	10	order	order	NOUN
elp-55988	112	11	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	112	12	or	or	CCONJ
elp-55988	112	13	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	112	14	essential	essential	ADJ
elp-55988	112	15	security	security	NOUN
elp-55988	112	16	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	112	17	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	112	18	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	112	19	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	112	20	should	should	AUX
elp-55988	112	21	enumerate	enumerate	VERB
elp-55988	112	22	categories	category	NOUN
elp-55988	112	23	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	112	24	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	112	25	regulation	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	112	26	exempt	exempt	ADJ
elp-55988	112	27	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	112	28	characterization	characterization	NOUN
elp-55988	112	29	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	112	30	indirect	indirect	ADJ
elp-55988	112	31	expropriation	expropriation	NOUN
elp-55988	112	32	or	or	CCONJ
elp-55988	112	33	unfair	unfair	ADJ
elp-55988	112	34	treatment	treatment	NOUN
elp-55988	112	35	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	113	1	these	these	DET
elp-55988	113	2	categories	category	NOUN
elp-55988	113	3	include	include	VERB
elp-55988	113	4	minimum	minimum	ADJ
elp-55988	113	5	wage	wage	NOUN
elp-55988	113	6	legislation	legislation	NOUN
elp-55988	113	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	113	8	occupational	occupational	ADJ
elp-55988	113	9	safety	safety	NOUN
elp-55988	113	10	requirements	requirement	NOUN
elp-55988	113	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	113	12	working	working	NOUN
elp-55988	113	13	time	time	NOUN
elp-55988	113	14	regulations	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	113	15	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	113	16	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	113	17	anti	anti	ADJ
elp-55988	113	18	-	-	ADJ
elp-55988	113	19	discrimination	discrimination	ADJ
elp-55988	113	20	measures	measure	NOUN
elp-55988	113	21	—	—	PUNCT
elp-55988	113	22	core	core	NOUN
elp-55988	113	23	areas	area	NOUN
elp-55988	113	24	where	where	SCONJ
elp-55988	113	25	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	113	26	has	have	VERB
elp-55988	113	27	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	113	28	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	113	29	interests	interest	NOUN
elp-55988	113	30	both	both	CCONJ
elp-55988	113	31	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	113	32	host	host	NOUN
elp-55988	113	33	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	113	34	home	home	NOUN
elp-55988	113	35	state	state	NOUN
elp-55988	113	36	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	113	37	wu	wu	PROPN
elp-55988	113	38	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	113	39	martinez	martinez	PROPN
elp-55988	113	40	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	113	41	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	113	42	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	113	43	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	113	44	228	228	NUM
elp-55988	113	45	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	113	46	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	114	1	such	such	ADJ
elp-55988	114	2	specificity	specificity	NOUN
elp-55988	114	3	reduces	reduce	VERB
elp-55988	114	4	interpretive	interpretive	ADJ
elp-55988	114	5	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
elp-55988	114	6	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	114	7	preserving	preserve	VERB
elp-55988	114	8	the	the	DET
elp-55988	114	9	overall	overall	ADJ
elp-55988	114	10	integrity	integrity	NOUN
elp-55988	114	11	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	114	12	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	114	13	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	114	14	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	115	1	4.3	4.3	NUM
elp-55988	115	2	dispute	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	115	3	resolution	resolution	NOUN
elp-55988	115	4	innovations	innovation	NOUN
elp-55988	115	5	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	115	6	dispute	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	115	7	resolution	resolution	NOUN
elp-55988	115	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	115	9	the	the	DET
elp-55988	115	10	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	115	11	incorporates	incorporate	VERB
elp-55988	115	12	specialized	specialized	ADJ
elp-55988	115	13	procedures	procedure	NOUN
elp-55988	115	14	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	115	15	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	115	16	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	115	17	related	relate	VERB
elp-55988	115	18	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	115	19	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	115	20	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	116	1	these	these	DET
elp-55988	116	2	procedures	procedure	NOUN
elp-55988	116	3	include	include	VERB
elp-55988	116	4	mandatory	mandatory	ADJ
elp-55988	116	5	consultation	consultation	NOUN
elp-55988	116	6	periods	period	NOUN
elp-55988	116	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	116	8	expertise	expertise	NOUN
elp-55988	116	9	requirements	requirement	NOUN
elp-55988	116	10	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	116	11	arbitrators	arbitrator	NOUN
elp-55988	116	12	handling	handle	VERB
elp-55988	116	13	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	116	14	matters	matter	NOUN
elp-55988	116	15	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	116	16	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	116	17	transparency	transparency	NOUN
elp-55988	116	18	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	116	19	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	116	20	permit	permit	VERB
elp-55988	116	21	civil	civil	ADJ
elp-55988	116	22	society	society	NOUN
elp-55988	116	23	participation	participation	NOUN
elp-55988	116	24	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	117	1	according	accord	VERB
elp-55988	117	2	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	117	3	zhou	zhou	PROPN
elp-55988	117	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	117	5	barnes	barnes	PROPN
elp-55988	117	6	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	117	7	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	117	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	117	9	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	117	10	290	290	NUM
elp-55988	117	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	117	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	117	13	these	these	DET
elp-55988	117	14	procedural	procedural	ADJ
elp-55988	117	15	safeguards	safeguard	NOUN
elp-55988	117	16	enhance	enhance	VERB
elp-55988	117	17	the	the	DET
elp-55988	117	18	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
elp-55988	117	19	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	117	20	resulting	result	VERB
elp-55988	117	21	decisions	decision	NOUN
elp-55988	117	22	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	117	23	preserving	preserve	VERB
elp-55988	117	24	the	the	DET
elp-55988	117	25	integrity	integrity	NOUN
elp-55988	117	26	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	117	27	the	the	DET
elp-55988	117	28	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	117	29	protection	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	117	30	regime	regime	NOUN
elp-55988	117	31	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	118	1	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	118	2	stopping	stop	VERB
elp-55988	118	3	short	short	ADV
elp-55988	118	4	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	118	5	excluding	exclude	VERB
elp-55988	118	6	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	118	7	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	118	8	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	118	9	arbitration	arbitration	NOUN
elp-55988	118	10	entirely	entirely	ADV
elp-55988	118	11	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	118	12	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	118	13	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	118	14	the	the	DET
elp-55988	118	15	u.s	u.s	PROPN
elp-55988	118	16	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	118	17	model	model	PROPN
elp-55988	118	18	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	118	19	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	118	20	this	this	DET
elp-55988	118	21	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	118	22	acknowledges	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	118	23	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
elp-55988	118	24	concerns	concern	NOUN
elp-55988	118	25	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	118	26	maintaining	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	118	27	the	the	DET
elp-55988	118	28	enforceability	enforceability	NOUN
elp-55988	118	29	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	118	30	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	118	31	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	118	32	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	119	1	table	table	NOUN
elp-55988	119	2	3	3	NUM
elp-55988	119	3	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	119	4	draft	draft	NOUN
elp-55988	119	5	annex	annex	NOUN
elp-55988	119	6	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	119	7	non	non	ADJ
elp-55988	119	8	-	-	ADJ
elp-55988	119	9	arbitrable	arbitrable	ADJ
elp-55988	119	10	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	119	11	disputes	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	119	12	category	category	NOUN
elp-55988	119	13	examples	example	NOUN
elp-55988	119	14	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	119	15	excluded	exclude	VERB
elp-55988	119	16	measures	measure	NOUN
elp-55988	119	17	legal	legal	ADJ
elp-55988	119	18	basis	basis	NOUN
elp-55988	119	19	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	119	20	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	119	21	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	119	22	minimum	minimum	NOUN
elp-55988	119	23	wage	wage	NOUN
elp-55988	119	24	provincial	provincial	ADJ
elp-55988	119	25	wage	wage	NOUN
elp-55988	119	26	adjustments	adjustment	NOUN
elp-55988	119	27	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	119	28	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	119	29	collective	collective	ADJ
elp-55988	119	30	bargaining	bargaining	NOUN
elp-55988	119	31	union	union	NOUN
elp-55988	119	32	registration	registration	NOUN
elp-55988	119	33	requirements	requirement	NOUN
elp-55988	119	34	trade	trade	PROPN
elp-55988	119	35	union	union	PROPN
elp-55988	119	36	law	law	PROPN
elp-55988	119	37	occupational	occupational	ADJ
elp-55988	119	38	safety	safety	PROPN
elp-55988	119	39	workplace	workplace	PROPN
elp-55988	119	40	safety	safety	NOUN
elp-55988	119	41	inspections	inspection	NOUN
elp-55988	119	42	work	work	VERB
elp-55988	119	43	safety	safety	NOUN
elp-55988	119	44	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	119	45	together	together	ADV
elp-55988	119	46	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	119	47	these	these	DET
elp-55988	119	48	components	component	NOUN
elp-55988	119	49	establish	establish	VERB
elp-55988	119	50	a	a	DET
elp-55988	119	51	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	119	52	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	119	53	accommodates	accommodate	VERB
elp-55988	119	54	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	119	55	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	119	56	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	119	57	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	119	58	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	119	59	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	119	60	gradually	gradually	ADV
elp-55988	119	61	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
elp-55988	119	62	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	119	63	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	119	64	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	119	65	the	the	DET
elp-55988	119	66	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	119	67	context	context	NOUN
elp-55988	119	68	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	120	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
elp-55988	120	2	rigid	rigid	ADJ
elp-55988	120	3	western	western	ADJ
elp-55988	120	4	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	120	5	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	120	6	impose	impose	VERB
elp-55988	120	7	immediate	immediate	ADJ
elp-55988	120	8	high	high	ADJ
elp-55988	120	9	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	120	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	120	11	this	this	DET
elp-55988	120	12	gradualist	gradualist	ADJ
elp-55988	120	13	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	120	14	allows	allow	VERB
elp-55988	120	15	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	120	16	contextual	contextual	ADJ
elp-55988	120	17	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	120	18	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	120	19	establishing	establish	VERB
elp-55988	120	20	a	a	DET
elp-55988	120	21	trajectory	trajectory	NOUN
elp-55988	120	22	toward	toward	ADP
elp-55988	120	23	more	more	ADV
elp-55988	120	24	robust	robust	ADJ
elp-55988	120	25	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	120	26	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	121	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	121	2	chen	chen	PROPN
elp-55988	121	3	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	121	4	pham	pham	PROPN
elp-55988	121	5	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	121	6	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	121	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	121	8	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	121	9	97	97	NUM
elp-55988	121	10	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	121	11	observe	observe	VERB
elp-55988	121	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	121	13	the	the	DET
elp-55988	121	14	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	121	15	acknowledges	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	121	16	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	121	17	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	121	18	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	121	19	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	121	20	traditions	tradition	NOUN
elp-55988	121	21	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	121	22	creating	create	VERB
elp-55988	121	23	space	space	NOUN
elp-55988	121	24	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	NOUN
elp-55988	121	25	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	121	26	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	121	27	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	121	28	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	121	29	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	121	30	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	121	31	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	121	32	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	121	33	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	121	34	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	121	35	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	121	36	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	121	37	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	121	38	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	121	39	123	123	NUM
elp-55988	121	40	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	121	41	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	121	42	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elp-55988	121	43	inc	inc	PROPN
elp-55988	121	44	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	121	45	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	121	46	incremental	incremental	ADJ
elp-55988	121	47	advancement	advancement	NOUN
elp-55988	121	48	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	121	49	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	121	50	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	121	51	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	121	52	both	both	CCONJ
elp-55988	121	53	inward	inward	ADV
elp-55988	121	54	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	121	55	outward	outward	VERB
elp-55988	121	56	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	121	57	contexts	contexts	NOUN
elp-55988	121	58	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	122	1	5	5	X
elp-55988	122	2	.	.	X
elp-55988	122	3	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	122	4	strategy	strategy	NOUN
elp-55988	122	5	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	122	6	tiered	tiere	VERB
elp-55988	122	7	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	122	8	5.1	5.1	NUM
elp-55988	122	9	differentiated	differentiated	ADJ
elp-55988	122	10	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	122	11	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	122	12	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	122	13	level	level	NOUN
elp-55988	122	14	implementing	implement	VERB
elp-55988	122	15	the	the	DET
elp-55988	122	16	gradualist	gradualist	ADJ
elp-55988	122	17	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	122	18	requires	require	VERB
elp-55988	122	19	strategic	strategic	ADJ
elp-55988	122	20	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
elp-55988	122	21	based	base	VERB
elp-55988	122	22	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	122	23	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	122	24	partners	partner	NOUN
elp-55988	122	25	’	’	PART
elp-55988	122	26	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	122	27	levels	level	NOUN
elp-55988	122	28	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	122	29	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	122	30	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	122	31	relationship	relationship	NOUN
elp-55988	122	32	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
elp-55988	122	33	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	123	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	123	2	proposed	propose	VERB
elp-55988	123	3	tiered	tiere	VERB
elp-55988	123	4	obligation	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	123	5	system	system	NOUN
elp-55988	123	6	tailors	tailor	VERB
elp-55988	123	7	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	123	8	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	123	9	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	123	10	specific	specific	ADJ
elp-55988	123	11	bilateral	bilateral	ADJ
elp-55988	123	12	contexts	context	NOUN
elp-55988	123	13	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	123	14	maintaining	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	123	15	coherence	coherence	NOUN
elp-55988	123	16	across	across	ADP
elp-55988	123	17	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	123	18	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	123	19	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	123	20	network	network	NOUN
elp-55988	123	21	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	123	22	addressing	address	VERB
elp-55988	123	23	what	what	PRON
elp-55988	123	24	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	123	25	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	123	26	okonjo	okonjo	ADJ
elp-55988	123	27	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	123	28	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	123	29	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	123	30	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	123	31	83	83	NUM
elp-55988	123	32	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	123	33	term	term	NOUN
elp-55988	123	34	the	the	DET
elp-55988	123	35	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	123	36	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	123	37	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
elp-55988	123	38	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	123	39	challenge	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	123	40	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	123	41	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	123	42	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	123	43	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	123	44	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	124	1	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	124	2	least	least	ADV
elp-55988	124	3	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	124	4	developed	develop	VERB
elp-55988	124	5	countries	country	NOUN
elp-55988	124	6	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	124	7	ldcs	ldcs	PROPN
elp-55988	124	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	124	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	124	10	a	a	DET
elp-55988	124	11	capacity	capacity	NOUN
elp-55988	124	12	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	124	13	building	building	NOUN
elp-55988	124	14	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	124	15	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
elp-55988	124	16	technical	technical	ADJ
elp-55988	124	17	assistance	assistance	NOUN
elp-55988	124	18	over	over	ADP
elp-55988	124	19	binding	bind	VERB
elp-55988	124	20	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	124	21	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	125	1	bits	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	125	2	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	125	3	these	these	DET
elp-55988	125	4	partners	partner	NOUN
elp-55988	125	5	should	should	AUX
elp-55988	125	6	include	include	VERB
elp-55988	125	7	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	125	8	rights	right	NOUN
elp-55988	125	9	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	125	10	preambular	preambular	ADJ
elp-55988	125	11	language	language	NOUN
elp-55988	125	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	125	13	establish	establish	VERB
elp-55988	125	14	non	non	ADJ
elp-55988	125	15	-	-	ADJ
elp-55988	125	16	derogation	derogation	ADJ
elp-55988	125	17	commitments	commitment	NOUN
elp-55988	125	18	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	125	19	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	125	20	laws	law	NOUN
elp-55988	125	21	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	125	22	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	125	23	create	create	VERB
elp-55988	125	24	institutional	institutional	ADJ
elp-55988	125	25	frameworks	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	125	26	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	125	27	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
elp-55988	125	28	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elp-55988	125	29	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	125	30	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	125	31	support	support	NOUN
elp-55988	125	32	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	126	1	according	accord	VERB
elp-55988	126	2	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	126	3	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
elp-55988	126	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	126	5	zhou	zhou	PROPN
elp-55988	126	6	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	126	7	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	126	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	126	9	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	126	10	425	425	NUM
elp-55988	126	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	126	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	126	13	these	these	DET
elp-55988	126	14	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	126	15	should	should	AUX
elp-55988	126	16	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	126	17	resource	resource	NOUN
elp-55988	126	18	constraints	constraint	NOUN
elp-55988	126	19	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	126	20	may	may	AUX
elp-55988	126	21	limit	limit	VERB
elp-55988	126	22	immediate	immediate	ADJ
elp-55988	126	23	compliance	compliance	NOUN
elp-55988	126	24	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	126	25	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	126	26	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	126	27	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	126	28	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	126	29	establishing	establish	VERB
elp-55988	126	30	progressive	progressive	ADJ
elp-55988	126	31	realization	realization	NOUN
elp-55988	126	32	targets	target	NOUN
elp-55988	126	33	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	126	34	align	align	VERB
elp-55988	126	35	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	126	36	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	126	37	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
elp-55988	126	38	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	127	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	127	2	proposed	propose	VERB
elp-55988	127	3	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	127	4	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	127	5	malawi	malawi	PROPN
elp-55988	127	6	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	127	7	exemplifies	exemplify	VERB
elp-55988	127	8	this	this	DET
elp-55988	127	9	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	127	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	127	11	focusing	focus	VERB
elp-55988	127	12	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	127	13	building	build	VERB
elp-55988	127	14	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	127	15	capacity	capacity	NOUN
elp-55988	127	16	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	127	17	malawi	malawi	PROPN
elp-55988	127	18	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	127	19	mining	mining	NOUN
elp-55988	127	20	sector	sector	NOUN
elp-55988	127	21	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	127	22	joint	joint	ADJ
elp-55988	127	23	training	training	NOUN
elp-55988	127	24	programs	program	NOUN
elp-55988	127	25	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	127	26	phased	phase	VERB
elp-55988	127	27	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	127	28	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	127	29	occupational	occupational	ADJ
elp-55988	127	30	safety	safety	NOUN
elp-55988	127	31	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	127	32	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	128	1	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	128	2	middle	middle	ADJ
elp-55988	128	3	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	128	4	income	income	NOUN
elp-55988	128	5	countries	country	NOUN
elp-55988	128	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	128	7	a	a	DET
elp-55988	128	8	reciprocity	reciprocity	NOUN
elp-55988	128	9	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	128	10	based	base	VERB
elp-55988	128	11	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	128	12	establishes	establish	VERB
elp-55988	128	13	mutual	mutual	ADJ
elp-55988	128	14	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	128	15	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	128	16	core	core	ADJ
elp-55988	128	17	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	128	18	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	128	19	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	129	1	these	these	DET
elp-55988	129	2	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	129	3	contain	contain	VERB
elp-55988	129	4	standalone	standalone	ADJ
elp-55988	129	5	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	129	6	clauses	clause	NOUN
elp-55988	129	7	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	129	8	binding	bind	VERB
elp-55988	129	9	commitments	commitment	NOUN
elp-55988	129	10	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	129	11	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	129	12	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	129	13	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
elp-55988	129	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	129	15	consultation	consultation	NOUN
elp-55988	129	16	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	129	17	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	129	18	addressing	address	VERB
elp-55988	129	19	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	129	20	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	129	21	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	129	22	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	129	23	transparency	transparency	NOUN
elp-55988	129	24	requirements	requirement	NOUN
elp-55988	129	25	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	129	26	enhance	enhance	VERB
elp-55988	129	27	accountability	accountability	NOUN
elp-55988	129	28	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	130	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	130	2	wang	wang	PROPN
elp-55988	130	3	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	130	4	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	130	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	130	6	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	130	7	62	62	NUM
elp-55988	130	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	130	9	observes	observe	VERB
elp-55988	130	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	130	11	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	130	12	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	130	13	should	should	AUX
elp-55988	130	14	reference	reference	VERB
elp-55988	130	15	internationally	internationally	ADV
elp-55988	130	16	recognized	recognize	VERB
elp-55988	130	17	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	130	18	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	130	19	aspirational	aspirational	ADJ
elp-55988	130	20	goals	goal	NOUN
elp-55988	130	21	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	130	22	basing	base	VERB
elp-55988	130	23	compliance	compliance	NOUN
elp-55988	130	24	assessments	assessment	NOUN
elp-55988	130	25	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	130	26	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elp-55988	130	27	legal	legal	ADJ
elp-55988	130	28	frameworks	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	130	29	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	131	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	131	2	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	131	3	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	131	4	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	131	5	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
elp-55988	131	6	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	131	7	reflects	reflect	VERB
elp-55988	131	8	this	this	DET
elp-55988	131	9	middle	middle	ADJ
elp-55988	131	10	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	131	11	tier	tier	NOUN
elp-55988	131	12	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	131	13	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	131	14	combining	combine	VERB
elp-55988	131	15	firm	firm	ADJ
elp-55988	131	16	commitments	commitment	NOUN
elp-55988	131	17	to	to	PART
elp-55988	131	18	enforce	enforce	VERB
elp-55988	131	19	existing	exist	VERB
elp-55988	131	20	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	131	21	laws	law	NOUN
elp-55988	131	22	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	131	23	dialogue	dialogue	NOUN
elp-55988	131	24	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	131	25	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	131	26	addressing	address	VERB
elp-55988	131	27	emerging	emerge	VERB
elp-55988	131	28	issues	issue	NOUN
elp-55988	131	29	such	such	ADJ
elp-55988	131	30	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	131	31	digital	digital	ADJ
elp-55988	131	32	platform	platform	NOUN
elp-55988	131	33	work	work	NOUN
elp-55988	131	34	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	132	1	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	132	2	developed	develop	VERB
elp-55988	132	3	country	country	NOUN
elp-55988	132	4	partners	partner	NOUN
elp-55988	132	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	132	6	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
elp-55988	132	7	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	132	8	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	132	9	reference	reference	VERB
elp-55988	132	10	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	132	11	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	132	12	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	132	13	establish	establish	VERB
elp-55988	132	14	robust	robust	ADJ
elp-55988	132	15	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
elp-55988	132	16	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	132	17	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	133	1	these	these	DET
elp-55988	133	2	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	133	3	include	include	VERB
elp-55988	133	4	binding	bind	VERB
elp-55988	133	5	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	133	6	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	133	7	ilo	ilo	PROPN
elp-55988	133	8	core	core	NOUN
elp-55988	133	9	conventions	convention	NOUN
elp-55988	133	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	133	11	third	third	ADJ
elp-55988	133	12	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	133	13	party	party	NOUN
elp-55988	133	14	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
elp-55988	133	15	arrangements	arrangement	NOUN
elp-55988	133	16	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	133	17	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	133	18	dispute	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	133	19	resolution	resolution	NOUN
elp-55988	133	20	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	133	21	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	133	22	permit	permit	VERB
elp-55988	133	23	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	133	24	experts	expert	NOUN
elp-55988	133	25	to	to	PART
elp-55988	133	26	participate	participate	VERB
elp-55988	133	27	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	133	28	arbitration	arbitration	NOUN
elp-55988	133	29	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
elp-55988	133	30	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	134	1	according	accord	VERB
elp-55988	134	2	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	134	3	huang	huang	PROPN
elp-55988	134	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	134	5	meyer	meyer	PROPN
elp-55988	134	6	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	134	7	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	134	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	134	9	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	134	10	368	368	NUM
elp-55988	134	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	134	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	134	13	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	134	14	maintaining	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	134	15	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	134	16	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	134	17	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	134	18	space	space	NOUN
elp-55988	134	19	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	134	20	implementing	implement	VERB
elp-55988	134	21	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	134	22	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	134	23	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	134	24	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	134	25	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	134	26	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	134	27	approaches	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	134	28	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	134	29	these	these	DET
elp-55988	134	30	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	134	31	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	134	32	the	the	DET
elp-55988	134	33	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	134	34	expectations	expectation	NOUN
elp-55988	134	35	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	134	36	developed	develop	VERB
elp-55988	134	37	partners	partner	NOUN
elp-55988	134	38	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	134	39	minimum	minimum	ADJ
elp-55988	134	40	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	134	41	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	134	42	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	135	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	135	2	anticipated	anticipate	VERB
elp-55988	135	3	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	135	4	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	135	5	eu	eu	PROPN
elp-55988	135	6	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
elp-55988	135	7	agreement	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	135	8	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	135	9	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	135	10	represents	represent	VERB
elp-55988	135	11	this	this	DET
elp-55988	135	12	advanced	advanced	ADJ
elp-55988	135	13	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	135	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	135	15	balancing	balance	VERB
elp-55988	135	16	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	135	17	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	135	18	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN
elp-55988	135	19	concerns	concern	NOUN
elp-55988	135	20	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	135	21	european	european	ADJ
elp-55988	135	22	expectations	expectation	NOUN
elp-55988	135	23	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	135	24	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	135	25	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	135	26	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	136	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	NOUN
elp-55988	136	2	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	136	3	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	136	4	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	136	5	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	136	6	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	136	7	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	136	8	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	136	9	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	136	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	136	11	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	136	12	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	136	13	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	136	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	136	15	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	136	16	124	124	NUM
elp-55988	136	17	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	136	18	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	136	19	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elp-55988	136	20	inc	inc	PROPN
elp-55988	136	21	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	136	22	5.2	5.2	NUM
elp-55988	136	23	phased	phase	VERB
elp-55988	136	24	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	136	25	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	136	26	institutional	institutional	ADJ
elp-55988	136	27	support	support	NOUN
elp-55988	136	28	across	across	ADP
elp-55988	136	29	all	all	DET
elp-55988	136	30	tiers	tier	NOUN
elp-55988	136	31	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	136	32	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	136	33	follows	follow	VERB
elp-55988	136	34	a	a	DET
elp-55988	136	35	phased	phase	VERB
elp-55988	136	36	timeline	timeline	NOUN
elp-55988	136	37	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	136	38	allows	allow	VERB
elp-55988	136	39	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	136	40	institutional	institutional	ADJ
elp-55988	136	41	learning	learning	NOUN
elp-55988	136	42	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	136	43	capacity	capacity	NOUN
elp-55988	136	44	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	136	45	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	137	1	initial	initial	ADJ
elp-55988	137	2	phases	phase	NOUN
elp-55988	137	3	focus	focus	VERB
elp-55988	137	4	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	137	5	transparency	transparency	NOUN
elp-55988	137	6	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	137	7	information	information	NOUN
elp-55988	137	8	sharing	sharing	NOUN
elp-55988	137	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	137	10	establishing	establish	VERB
elp-55988	137	11	baseline	baseline	ADJ
elp-55988	137	12	data	datum	NOUN
elp-55988	137	13	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	137	14	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	137	15	conditions	condition	NOUN
elp-55988	137	16	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	137	17	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	137	18	contexts	contexts	NOUN
elp-55988	137	19	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	138	1	middle	middle	ADJ
elp-55988	138	2	phases	phase	NOUN
elp-55988	138	3	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
elp-55988	138	4	consultation	consultation	NOUN
elp-55988	138	5	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	138	6	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	138	7	technical	technical	ADJ
elp-55988	138	8	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
elp-55988	138	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	138	10	building	build	VERB
elp-55988	138	11	capacity	capacity	NOUN
elp-55988	138	12	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	138	13	addressing	address	VERB
elp-55988	138	14	identified	identify	VERB
elp-55988	138	15	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	138	16	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	139	1	advanced	advanced	ADJ
elp-55988	139	2	phases	phase	NOUN
elp-55988	139	3	progressively	progressively	ADV
elp-55988	139	4	introduce	introduce	VERB
elp-55988	139	5	more	more	ADV
elp-55988	139	6	stringent	stringent	ADJ
elp-55988	139	7	obligations	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	139	8	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	139	9	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
elp-55988	139	10	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	139	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	139	12	calibrated	calibrate	VERB
elp-55988	139	13	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	139	14	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	139	15	contexts	context	NOUN
elp-55988	139	16	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	139	17	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	139	18	experiences	experience	NOUN
elp-55988	139	19	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	140	1	this	this	DET
elp-55988	140	2	progressive	progressive	ADJ
elp-55988	140	3	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	140	4	aligns	align	VERB
elp-55988	140	5	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	140	6	what	what	PRON
elp-55988	140	7	li	li	PROPN
elp-55988	140	8	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	140	9	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	140	10	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	140	11	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	140	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	140	13	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	140	14	285	285	NUM
elp-55988	140	15	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	140	16	describe	describe	VERB
elp-55988	140	17	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	140	18	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	140	19	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	140	20	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	140	21	experimentalist	experimentalist	NOUN
elp-55988	140	22	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	140	23	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	140	24	tradition	tradition	NOUN
elp-55988	140	25	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	140	26	which	which	PRON
elp-55988	140	27	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
elp-55988	140	28	learning	learn	VERB
elp-55988	140	29	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	140	30	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	140	31	rather	rather	ADV
elp-55988	140	32	than	than	ADP
elp-55988	140	33	imposing	impose	VERB
elp-55988	140	34	rigid	rigid	ADJ
elp-55988	140	35	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	140	36	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	140	37	the	the	DET
elp-55988	140	38	outset	outset	NOUN
elp-55988	140	39	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	1	table	table	NOUN
elp-55988	141	2	4	4	NUM
elp-55988	141	3	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	4	tiered	tiere	VERB
elp-55988	141	5	obligation	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	141	6	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	141	7	tier	tier	NOUN
elp-55988	141	8	countries	country	NOUN
elp-55988	141	9	key	key	ADJ
elp-55988	141	10	requirements	requirement	NOUN
elp-55988	141	11	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
elp-55988	141	12	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	141	13	basic	basic	ADJ
elp-55988	141	14	ldcs	ldcs	PROPN
elp-55988	141	15	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	16	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
elp-55988	141	17	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	18	nepal	nepal	ADJ
elp-55988	141	19	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	20	technical	technical	ADJ
elp-55988	141	21	assistance	assistance	NOUN
elp-55988	141	22	ilo	ilo	PROPN
elp-55988	141	23	capacity	capacity	NOUN
elp-55988	141	24	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	25	building	building	NOUN
elp-55988	141	26	programs	program	NOUN
elp-55988	141	27	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
elp-55988	141	28	middle	middle	ADJ
elp-55988	141	29	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	30	income	income	NOUN
elp-55988	141	31	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	32	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
elp-55988	141	33	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	34	indonesia	indonesia	ADJ
elp-55988	141	35	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	36	host	host	NOUN
elp-55988	141	37	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	38	state	state	NOUN
elp-55988	141	39	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	141	40	compliance	compliance	NOUN
elp-55988	141	41	joint	joint	ADJ
elp-55988	141	42	mediation	mediation	NOUN
elp-55988	141	43	panels	panel	NOUN
elp-55988	141	44	advanced	advance	VERB
elp-55988	141	45	developed	develop	VERB
elp-55988	141	46	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	47	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
elp-55988	141	48	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	49	germany	germany	PROPN
elp-55988	141	50	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	141	51	ilo	ilo	PROPN
elp-55988	141	52	core	core	NOUN
elp-55988	141	53	conventions	convention	NOUN
elp-55988	141	54	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
elp-55988	141	55	arbitration	arbitration	NOUN
elp-55988	141	56	tribunals	tribunal	NOUN
elp-55988	141	57	the	the	DET
elp-55988	141	58	tiered	tiere	VERB
elp-55988	141	59	obligation	obligation	NOUN
elp-55988	141	60	system	system	NOUN
elp-55988	141	61	constitutes	constitute	VERB
elp-55988	141	62	a	a	DET
elp-55988	141	63	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	141	64	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	141	65	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	141	66	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	141	67	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	141	68	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	141	69	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	141	70	diverges	diverge	VERB
elp-55988	141	71	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	141	72	western	western	ADJ
elp-55988	141	73	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	141	74	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
elp-55988	141	75	uniform	uniform	ADJ
elp-55988	141	76	high	high	ADJ
elp-55988	141	77	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	141	78	across	across	ADP
elp-55988	141	79	all	all	DET
elp-55988	141	80	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	141	81	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	142	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	142	2	wei	wei	PROPN
elp-55988	142	3	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	142	4	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	142	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	142	6	p.	p.	NOUN
elp-55988	142	7	200	200	NUM
elp-55988	142	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	142	9	observes	observe	VERB
elp-55988	142	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	142	11	this	this	DET
elp-55988	142	12	differentiated	differentiated	ADJ
elp-55988	142	13	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	142	14	allows	allow	VERB
elp-55988	142	15	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	142	16	to	to	PART
elp-55988	142	17	maintain	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	142	18	flexible	flexible	ADJ
elp-55988	142	19	positions	position	NOUN
elp-55988	142	20	across	across	ADP
elp-55988	142	21	negotiating	negotiate	VERB
elp-55988	142	22	contexts	context	NOUN
elp-55988	142	23	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	142	24	establishing	establish	VERB
elp-55988	142	25	a	a	DET
elp-55988	142	26	coherent	coherent	ADJ
elp-55988	142	27	trajectory	trajectory	NOUN
elp-55988	142	28	toward	toward	ADP
elp-55988	142	29	enhanced	enhance	VERB
elp-55988	142	30	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	142	31	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	142	32	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	142	33	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	142	34	relations	relation	NOUN
elp-55988	142	35	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	143	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
elp-55988	143	2	one	one	NUM
elp-55988	143	3	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	143	4	size	size	NOUN
elp-55988	143	5	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	143	6	fits	fit	VERB
elp-55988	143	7	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	143	8	all	all	DET
elp-55988	143	9	western	western	ADJ
elp-55988	143	10	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	143	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	143	12	this	this	DET
elp-55988	143	13	tiered	tiere	VERB
elp-55988	143	14	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	143	15	acknowledges	acknowledge	VERB
elp-55988	143	16	the	the	DET
elp-55988	143	17	diversity	diversity	NOUN
elp-55988	143	18	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	143	19	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	143	20	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	143	21	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	143	22	relationships	relationship	NOUN
elp-55988	143	23	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	143	24	gradually	gradually	ADV
elp-55988	143	25	advancing	advance	VERB
elp-55988	143	26	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	143	27	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	143	28	across	across	ADP
elp-55988	143	29	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	143	30	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	143	31	network	network	NOUN
elp-55988	143	32	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	144	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	144	2	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	144	3	aligns	align	VERB
elp-55988	144	4	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	144	5	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	144	6	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	144	7	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
elp-55988	144	8	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	144	9	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	144	10	mutual	mutual	ADJ
elp-55988	144	11	respect	respect	NOUN
elp-55988	144	12	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	144	13	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	144	14	“	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	144	15	win	win	VERB
elp-55988	144	16	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	144	17	win	win	NOUN
elp-55988	144	18	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
elp-55988	144	19	”	"	PUNCT
elp-55988	144	20	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	144	21	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	144	22	relations	relation	NOUN
elp-55988	144	23	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	144	24	creating	create	VERB
elp-55988	144	25	space	space	NOUN
elp-55988	144	26	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	144	27	contextual	contextual	ADJ
elp-55988	144	28	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	144	29	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	144	30	establishing	establish	VERB
elp-55988	144	31	minimum	minimum	ADJ
elp-55988	144	32	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	144	33	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	144	34	workers	worker	NOUN
elp-55988	144	35	affected	affect	VERB
elp-55988	144	36	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	144	37	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	144	38	activities	activity	NOUN
elp-55988	144	39	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	145	1	6	6	X
elp-55988	145	2	.	.	X
elp-55988	145	3	conclusion	conclusion	PROPN
elp-55988	145	4	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	145	5	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	145	6	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	145	7	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	145	8	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	145	9	both	both	DET
elp-55988	145	10	capital	capital	NOUN
elp-55988	145	11	importer	importer	NOUN
elp-55988	145	12	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	145	13	exporter	exporter	NOUN
elp-55988	145	14	creates	create	VERB
elp-55988	145	15	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	145	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	145	17	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	145	18	integrating	integrate	VERB
elp-55988	145	19	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	145	20	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	145	21	into	into	ADP
elp-55988	145	22	bilateral	bilateral	ADJ
elp-55988	145	23	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	145	24	treaties	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	145	25	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	146	1	traditional	traditional	ADJ
elp-55988	146	2	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	146	3	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	146	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	146	5	designed	design	VERB
elp-55988	146	6	primarily	primarily	ADV
elp-55988	146	7	to	to	PART
elp-55988	146	8	protect	protect	VERB
elp-55988	146	9	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elp-55988	146	10	investors	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	146	11	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	146	12	developing	develop	VERB
elp-55988	146	13	countries	country	NOUN
elp-55988	146	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	146	15	inadequately	inadequately	ADV
elp-55988	146	16	address	address	VERB
elp-55988	146	17	the	the	DET
elp-55988	146	18	complexities	complexity	NOUN
elp-55988	146	19	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	146	20	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	146	21	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	146	22	position	position	NOUN
elp-55988	146	23	within	within	ADP
elp-55988	146	24	global	global	ADJ
elp-55988	146	25	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	146	26	flows	flow	NOUN
elp-55988	146	27	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	147	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	147	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elp-55988	147	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elp-55988	147	4	presented	present	VERB
elp-55988	147	5	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	147	6	this	this	DET
elp-55988	147	7	article	article	NOUN
elp-55988	147	8	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
elp-55988	147	9	significant	significant	ADJ
elp-55988	147	10	gaps	gap	NOUN
elp-55988	147	11	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	147	12	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	147	13	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	147	14	existing	exist	VERB
elp-55988	147	15	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	147	16	network	network	NOUN
elp-55988	147	17	regarding	regard	VERB
elp-55988	147	18	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	147	19	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	147	20	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	147	21	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	147	22	only	only	ADV
elp-55988	147	23	12	12	NUM
elp-55988	147	24	%	%	NOUN
elp-55988	147	25	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	147	26	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	147	27	containing	contain	VERB
elp-55988	147	28	substantive	substantive	ADJ
elp-55988	147	29	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	147	30	protections	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	147	31	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	148	1	these	these	DET
elp-55988	148	2	legislative	legislative	ADJ
elp-55988	148	3	gaps	gap	NOUN
elp-55988	148	4	create	create	VERB
elp-55988	148	5	vulnerabilities	vulnerability	NOUN
elp-55988	148	6	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	148	7	both	both	CCONJ
elp-55988	148	8	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	148	9	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	148	10	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
elp-55988	148	11	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	148	12	the	the	DET
elp-55988	148	13	reputation	reputation	NOUN
elp-55988	148	14	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	148	15	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	148	16	overseas	overseas	ADJ
elp-55988	148	17	investments	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	148	18	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	149	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	NOUN
elp-55988	149	2	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	149	3	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	149	4	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	149	5	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	149	6	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	149	7	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	149	8	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	149	9	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	149	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	149	11	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	149	12	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	149	13	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	149	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	149	15	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	149	16	125	125	NUM
elp-55988	149	17	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	149	18	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	149	19	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elp-55988	149	20	inc	inc	PROPN
elp-55988	149	21	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	150	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	150	2	gradualist	gradualist	ADJ
elp-55988	150	3	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	150	4	proposed	propose	VERB
elp-55988	150	5	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	150	6	this	this	DET
elp-55988	150	7	article	article	NOUN
elp-55988	150	8	offers	offer	VERB
elp-55988	150	9	a	a	DET
elp-55988	150	10	pathway	pathway	NOUN
elp-55988	150	11	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	150	12	addressing	address	VERB
elp-55988	150	13	these	these	DET
elp-55988	150	14	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	150	15	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	150	16	respecting	respect	VERB
elp-55988	150	17	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	150	18	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	150	19	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	150	20	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	150	21	traditions	tradition	NOUN
elp-55988	150	22	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	150	23	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	150	24	priorities	priority	NOUN
elp-55988	150	25	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	151	1	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	151	2	combining	combine	VERB
elp-55988	151	3	preambular	preambular	ADJ
elp-55988	151	4	recognition	recognition	NOUN
elp-55988	151	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	151	6	non	non	ADJ
elp-55988	151	7	-	-	ADJ
elp-55988	151	8	derogation	derogation	ADJ
elp-55988	151	9	clauses	clause	NOUN
elp-55988	151	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	151	11	explicit	explicit	ADJ
elp-55988	151	12	exception	exception	NOUN
elp-55988	151	13	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	151	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	151	15	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	151	16	specialized	specialized	ADJ
elp-55988	151	17	dispute	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	151	18	resolution	resolution	NOUN
elp-55988	151	19	procedures	procedure	NOUN
elp-55988	151	20	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	151	21	this	this	DET
elp-55988	151	22	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	151	23	creates	create	VERB
elp-55988	151	24	space	space	NOUN
elp-55988	151	25	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	151	26	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
elp-55988	151	27	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	151	28	regulation	regulation	NOUN
elp-55988	151	29	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	151	30	maintaining	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	151	31	predictable	predictable	ADJ
elp-55988	151	32	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	151	33	environments	environment	NOUN
elp-55988	151	34	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	152	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	152	2	tiered	tiere	VERB
elp-55988	152	3	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	152	4	strategy	strategy	NOUN
elp-55988	152	5	further	further	ADJ
elp-55988	152	6	tailors	tailor	NOUN
elp-55988	152	7	these	these	DET
elp-55988	152	8	approaches	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	152	9	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	152	10	specific	specific	ADJ
elp-55988	152	11	bilateral	bilateral	ADJ
elp-55988	152	12	contexts	contexts	NOUN
elp-55988	152	13	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	152	14	allowing	allow	VERB
elp-55988	152	15	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	152	16	to	to	PART
elp-55988	152	17	maintain	maintain	VERB
elp-55988	152	18	flexible	flexible	ADJ
elp-55988	152	19	positions	position	NOUN
elp-55988	152	20	across	across	ADP
elp-55988	152	21	diverse	diverse	ADJ
elp-55988	152	22	negotiating	negotiating	NOUN
elp-55988	152	23	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
elp-55988	152	24	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	153	1	this	this	DET
elp-55988	153	2	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	153	3	diverges	diverge	VERB
elp-55988	153	4	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	153	5	western	western	ADJ
elp-55988	153	6	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	153	7	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	153	8	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
elp-55988	153	9	immediate	immediate	ADJ
elp-55988	153	10	high	high	ADJ
elp-55988	153	11	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	153	12	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	153	13	punitive	punitive	ADJ
elp-55988	153	14	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
elp-55988	153	15	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elp-55988	153	16	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	154	1	instead	instead	ADV
elp-55988	154	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	154	3	it	it	PRON
elp-55988	154	4	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
elp-55988	154	5	progressive	progressive	ADJ
elp-55988	154	6	realization	realization	NOUN
elp-55988	154	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	154	8	capacity	capacity	NOUN
elp-55988	154	9	building	building	NOUN
elp-55988	154	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	154	11	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	154	12	contextual	contextual	ADJ
elp-55988	154	13	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	154	14	—	—	PUNCT
elp-55988	154	15	principles	principle	NOUN
elp-55988	154	16	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	154	17	align	align	VERB
elp-55988	154	18	with	with	ADP
elp-55988	154	19	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	154	20	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	154	21	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	154	22	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	154	23	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	154	24	relations	relation	NOUN
elp-55988	154	25	more	more	ADV
elp-55988	154	26	broadly	broadly	ADV
elp-55988	154	27	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	155	1	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	155	2	establishing	establish	VERB
elp-55988	155	3	a	a	DET
elp-55988	155	4	trajectory	trajectory	NOUN
elp-55988	155	5	toward	toward	ADP
elp-55988	155	6	enhanced	enhance	VERB
elp-55988	155	7	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	155	8	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	155	9	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	155	10	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	155	11	contexts	contexts	NOUN
elp-55988	155	12	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	155	13	this	this	DET
elp-55988	155	14	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	155	15	preserves	preserve	VERB
elp-55988	155	16	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	155	17	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	155	18	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	155	19	space	space	NOUN
elp-55988	155	20	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	155	21	implementing	implement	VERB
elp-55988	155	22	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	155	23	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	155	24	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	155	25	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elp-55988	155	26	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	155	27	approaches	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	155	28	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	156	1	as	as	SCONJ
elp-55988	156	2	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	156	3	continues	continue	VERB
elp-55988	156	4	expanding	expand	VERB
elp-55988	156	5	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	156	6	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	156	7	network	network	NOUN
elp-55988	156	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	156	9	particularly	particularly	ADV
elp-55988	156	10	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	156	11	the	the	DET
elp-55988	156	12	belt	belt	NOUN
elp-55988	156	13	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	156	14	road	road	NOUN
elp-55988	156	15	initiative	initiative	NOUN
elp-55988	156	16	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	156	17	integrating	integrate	VERB
elp-55988	156	18	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
elp-55988	156	19	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	156	20	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	156	21	becomes	become	VERB
elp-55988	156	22	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
elp-55988	156	23	important	important	ADJ
elp-55988	156	24	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	156	25	both	both	PRON
elp-55988	156	26	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	156	27	stability	stability	NOUN
elp-55988	156	28	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	156	29	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	156	30	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
elp-55988	156	31	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	157	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	157	2	framework	framework	NOUN
elp-55988	157	3	outlined	outline	VERB
elp-55988	157	4	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	157	5	this	this	DET
elp-55988	157	6	article	article	NOUN
elp-55988	157	7	offers	offer	VERB
elp-55988	157	8	guidance	guidance	NOUN
elp-55988	157	9	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	157	10	navigating	navigate	VERB
elp-55988	157	11	these	these	DET
elp-55988	157	12	complex	complex	ADJ
elp-55988	157	13	waters	water	NOUN
elp-55988	157	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	157	15	balancing	balance	VERB
elp-55988	157	16	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	157	17	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	157	18	interests	interest	NOUN
elp-55988	157	19	as	as	ADP
elp-55988	157	20	both	both	DET
elp-55988	157	21	rule	rule	NOUN
elp-55988	157	22	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	157	23	taker	taker	NOUN
elp-55988	157	24	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	157	25	rule	rule	NOUN
elp-55988	157	26	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	157	27	maker	maker	NOUN
elp-55988	157	28	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	157	29	the	the	DET
elp-55988	157	30	evolving	evolve	VERB
elp-55988	157	31	landscape	landscape	NOUN
elp-55988	157	32	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	157	33	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	157	34	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	157	35	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	157	36	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	158	1	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	158	2	addressing	address	VERB
elp-55988	158	3	its	its	PRON
elp-55988	158	4	dual	dual	ADJ
elp-55988	158	5	identity	identity	NOUN
elp-55988	158	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	158	7	through	through	ADP
elp-55988	158	8	thoughtful	thoughtful	ADJ
elp-55988	158	9	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	158	10	design	design	NOUN
elp-55988	158	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	158	12	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	158	13	can	can	AUX
elp-55988	158	14	establish	establish	VERB
elp-55988	158	15	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	158	16	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	158	17	models	model	NOUN
elp-55988	158	18	that	that	PRON
elp-55988	158	19	support	support	VERB
elp-55988	158	20	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
elp-55988	158	21	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	158	22	while	while	SCONJ
elp-55988	158	23	respecting	respect	VERB
elp-55988	158	24	diverse	diverse	ADJ
elp-55988	158	25	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	158	26	contexts	context	NOUN
elp-55988	158	27	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	158	28	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	158	29	traditions	tradition	NOUN
elp-55988	158	30	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	159	1	references	reference	NOUN
elp-55988	159	2	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
elp-55988	159	3	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	159	4	s.	s.	PROPN
elp-55988	159	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	159	6	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	159	7	zhou	zhou	PROPN
elp-55988	159	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	159	9	w.	w.	PROPN
elp-55988	159	10	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	159	11	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	159	12	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	159	13	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	160	1	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	160	2	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	160	3	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	160	4	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	160	5	special	special	ADJ
elp-55988	160	6	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	160	7	zones	zone	NOUN
elp-55988	160	8	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	160	9	a	a	DET
elp-55988	160	10	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elp-55988	160	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elp-55988	160	12	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	160	13	pakistan	pakistan	PROPN
elp-55988	160	14	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	160	15	ethiopia	ethiopia	PROPN
elp-55988	160	16	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	161	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elp-55988	161	2	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	161	3	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	161	4	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	161	5	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	161	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	161	7	25(3	25(3	NUM
elp-55988	161	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	161	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	161	10	412	412	NUM
elp-55988	161	11	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	161	12	435	435	NUM
elp-55988	161	13	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	162	1	chen	chen	PROPN
elp-55988	162	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	162	3	l.	l.	PROPN
elp-55988	162	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	162	5	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	162	6	pham	pham	PROPN
elp-55988	162	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	162	8	t.	t.	PROPN
elp-55988	162	9	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	162	10	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	162	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	162	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	163	1	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	163	2	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	163	3	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	163	4	asian	asian	ADJ
elp-55988	163	5	trade	trade	NOUN
elp-55988	163	6	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	163	7	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	163	8	comparing	compare	VERB
elp-55988	163	9	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	163	10	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	163	11	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
elp-55988	163	12	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	163	13	approaches	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	163	14	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	164	1	asian	asian	ADJ
elp-55988	164	2	journal	journal	PROPN
elp-55988	164	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	164	4	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	164	5	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	164	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	164	7	12(1	12(1	NUM
elp-55988	164	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	164	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	164	10	87	87	NUM
elp-55988	164	11	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	164	12	109	109	NUM
elp-55988	164	13	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	165	1	chen	chen	PROPN
elp-55988	165	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	165	3	q.	q.	PROPN
elp-55988	165	4	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	165	5	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	165	6	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	165	7	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	166	1	litigating	litigate	VERB
elp-55988	166	2	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	166	3	rights	right	NOUN
elp-55988	166	4	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	166	5	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	166	6	courts	court	NOUN
elp-55988	166	7	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	166	8	developments	development	NOUN
elp-55988	166	9	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	166	10	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	166	11	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	167	1	columbia	columbia	PROPN
elp-55988	167	2	journal	journal	PROPN
elp-55988	167	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	167	4	asian	asian	ADJ
elp-55988	167	5	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	167	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	167	7	35(2	35(2	NUM
elp-55988	167	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	167	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	167	10	298	298	NUM
elp-55988	167	11	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	167	12	320	320	NUM
elp-55988	167	13	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	168	1	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	168	2	chamber	chamber	PROPN
elp-55988	168	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	168	4	commerce	commerce	PROPN
elp-55988	168	5	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	169	1	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	169	2	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	169	3	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	169	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	170	1	impact	impact	NOUN
elp-55988	170	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
elp-55988	170	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	170	4	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	170	5	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	170	6	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	170	7	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	170	8	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elp-55988	170	9	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	170	10	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	171	1	beijing	beijing	PROPN
elp-55988	171	2	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	172	1	cietac	cietac	PROPN
elp-55988	172	2	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	173	1	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	173	2	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	173	3	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	173	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	174	1	annual	annual	ADJ
elp-55988	174	2	report	report	NOUN
elp-55988	174	3	on	on	ADP
elp-55988	174	4	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	174	5	arbitration	arbitration	NOUN
elp-55988	174	6	cases	case	NOUN
elp-55988	174	7	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	175	1	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	175	2	international	international	PROPN
elp-55988	175	3	economic	economic	ADJ
elp-55988	175	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	175	5	trade	trade	NOUN
elp-55988	175	6	arbitration	arbitration	NOUN
elp-55988	175	7	commission	commission	PROPN
elp-55988	175	8	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	176	1	csid	csid	PROPN
elp-55988	176	2	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	177	1	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	177	2	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	177	3	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	177	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	178	1	case	case	NOUN
elp-55988	179	1	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	179	2	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	180	1	arb/21/15	arb/21/15	PROPN
elp-55988	180	2	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	180	3	zimbabwe	zimbabwe	PROPN
elp-55988	180	4	mining	mining	PROPN
elp-55988	180	5	consortium	consortium	PROPN
elp-55988	180	6	v.	v.	ADP
elp-55988	180	7	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	180	8	nonferrous	nonferrous	ADJ
elp-55988	180	9	metals	metal	NOUN
elp-55988	180	10	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	181	1	european	european	PROPN
elp-55988	181	2	commission	commission	PROPN
elp-55988	181	3	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	182	1	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	182	2	2020	2020	NUM
elp-55988	182	3	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	182	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	183	1	eu	eu	PROPN
elp-55988	183	2	-	-	PROPN
elp-55988	183	3	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
elp-55988	183	4	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	183	5	protection	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	183	6	agreement	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	183	7	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	184	1	official	official	ADJ
elp-55988	184	2	journal	journal	NOUN
elp-55988	184	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	184	4	the	the	DET
elp-55988	184	5	european	european	PROPN
elp-55988	184	6	union	union	PROPN
elp-55988	184	7	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	185	1	gallagher	gallagher	PROPN
elp-55988	185	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	185	3	m.	m.	NOUN
elp-55988	185	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	185	5	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	185	6	wang	wang	PROPN
elp-55988	185	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	185	8	h.	h.	PROPN
elp-55988	185	9	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	185	10	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	185	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	185	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	186	1	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	186	2	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	186	3	evolving	evolve	VERB
elp-55988	186	4	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	186	5	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	186	6	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	186	7	protection	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	186	8	treaties	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	186	9	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	187	1	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	187	2	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	187	3	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elp-55988	187	4	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	187	5	quarterly	quarterly	ADV
elp-55988	187	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	187	7	70(3	70(3	NOUN
elp-55988	187	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	187	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	187	10	615	615	NUM
elp-55988	187	11	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	187	12	640	640	NUM
elp-55988	187	13	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	188	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elp	NOUN
elp-55988	188	2	economics	economic	NOUN
elp-55988	188	3	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	188	4	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	188	5	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	188	6	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	188	7	vol	vol	NOUN
elp-55988	188	8	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	188	9	8	8	NUM
elp-55988	188	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	188	11	no	no	INTJ
elp-55988	188	12	.	.	NOUN
elp-55988	188	13	1	1	NUM
elp-55988	188	14	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	188	15	2025	2025	NUM
elp-55988	188	16	126	126	NUM
elp-55988	188	17	published	publish	VERB
elp-55988	188	18	by	by	ADP
elp-55988	188	19	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elp-55988	188	20	inc	inc	PROPN
elp-55988	188	21	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	189	1	heng	heng	PROPN
elp-55988	189	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	189	3	s.	s.	PROPN
elp-55988	189	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	189	5	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	189	6	liu	liu	PROPN
elp-55988	189	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	189	8	j.	j.	PROPN
elp-55988	189	9	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	189	10	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	189	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	189	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	190	1	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	190	2	rights	right	NOUN
elp-55988	190	3	protection	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	190	4	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	190	5	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	190	6	overseas	overseas	ADJ
elp-55988	190	7	investments	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	190	8	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	190	9	the	the	DET
elp-55988	190	10	cambodian	cambodian	ADJ
elp-55988	190	11	case	case	NOUN
elp-55988	190	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	191	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elp-55988	191	2	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	191	3	contemporary	contemporary	PROPN
elp-55988	191	4	asia	asia	PROPN
elp-55988	191	5	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	191	6	52(1	52(1	NOUN
elp-55988	191	7	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	191	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	191	9	124	124	NUM
elp-55988	191	10	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	191	11	148	148	NUM
elp-55988	191	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	192	1	huang	huang	PROPN
elp-55988	192	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	192	3	y.	y.	PROPN
elp-55988	192	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	192	5	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	192	6	meyer	meyer	PROPN
elp-55988	192	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	192	8	t.	t.	PROPN
elp-55988	192	9	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	192	10	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	192	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	192	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	193	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	193	2	future	future	NOUN
elp-55988	193	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	193	4	eu	eu	PROPN
elp-55988	193	5	-	-	PROPN
elp-55988	193	6	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	193	7	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	193	8	relations	relation	NOUN
elp-55988	193	9	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	193	10	between	between	ADP
elp-55988	193	11	market	market	NOUN
elp-55988	193	12	access	access	NOUN
elp-55988	193	13	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	193	14	systemic	systemic	ADJ
elp-55988	193	15	rivalry	rivalry	NOUN
elp-55988	193	16	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	194	1	european	european	ADJ
elp-55988	194	2	law	law	PROPN
elp-55988	194	3	journal	journal	PROPN
elp-55988	194	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	194	5	28(4	28(4	NUM
elp-55988	194	6	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	194	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	194	8	355	355	NUM
elp-55988	194	9	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	194	10	378	378	NUM
elp-55988	194	11	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	195	1	ilo	ilo	PROPN
elp-55988	195	2	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	196	1	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	196	2	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	196	3	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	196	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	197	1	decent	decent	ADJ
elp-55988	197	2	work	work	NOUN
elp-55988	197	3	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	197	4	global	global	ADJ
elp-55988	197	5	supply	supply	NOUN
elp-55988	197	6	chains	chain	NOUN
elp-55988	197	7	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	198	1	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	198	2	labour	labour	PROPN
elp-55988	198	3	organization	organization	NOUN
elp-55988	198	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	199	1	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
elp-55988	199	2	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	199	3	authority	authority	NOUN
elp-55988	199	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	200	1	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	200	2	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	200	3	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	200	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	201	1	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
elp-55988	201	2	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	201	3	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	201	4	bilateral	bilateral	ADJ
elp-55988	201	5	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	201	6	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	201	7	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	201	8	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elp-55988	201	9	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
elp-55988	201	10	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	202	1	jakarta	jakarta	PROPN
elp-55988	202	2	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	203	1	johnson	johnson	PROPN
elp-55988	203	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	203	3	l.	l.	PROPN
elp-55988	203	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	203	5	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	203	6	sachs	sachs	PROPN
elp-55988	203	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	203	8	l.	l.	PROPN
elp-55988	203	9	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	203	10	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	203	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	203	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	204	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	204	2	united	united	PROPN
elp-55988	204	3	states	states	PROPN
elp-55988	204	4	’	'	PUNCT
elp-55988	204	5	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	204	6	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	204	7	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	204	8	provisions	provision	NOUN
elp-55988	204	9	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	204	10	trade	trade	NOUN
elp-55988	204	11	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	204	12	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	204	13	agreements	agreement	NOUN
elp-55988	204	14	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	205	1	columbia	columbia	PROPN
elp-55988	205	2	journal	journal	PROPN
elp-55988	205	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	205	4	transnational	transnational	ADJ
elp-55988	205	5	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	205	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	205	7	59(2	59(2	NUM
elp-55988	205	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	205	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	205	10	310	310	NUM
elp-55988	205	11	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	205	12	344	344	NUM
elp-55988	205	13	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	206	1	li	li	PROPN
elp-55988	206	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	206	3	x.	x.	PROPN
elp-55988	206	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	206	5	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	206	6	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	206	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	206	8	j.	j.	PROPN
elp-55988	206	9	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	206	10	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	206	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	206	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	207	1	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	207	2	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	207	3	reforms	reform	NOUN
elp-55988	207	4	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	207	5	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elp-55988	207	6	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	207	7	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	207	8	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	207	9	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	207	10	balancing	balancing	PROPN
elp-55988	207	11	act	act	PROPN
elp-55988	207	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	208	1	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	208	2	journal	journal	PROPN
elp-55988	208	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	208	4	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	208	5	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	208	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	208	7	21(2	21(2	NUM
elp-55988	208	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	208	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	208	10	267	267	NUM
elp-55988	208	11	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	208	12	294	294	NUM
elp-55988	208	13	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	209	1	mofcom	mofcom	X
elp-55988	209	2	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	210	1	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	210	2	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	210	3	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	210	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	211	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
elp-55988	211	2	bulletin	bulletin	NOUN
elp-55988	211	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	211	4	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	211	5	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	211	6	outward	outward	ADJ
elp-55988	211	7	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elp-55988	211	8	direct	direct	ADJ
elp-55988	211	9	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	211	10	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	212	1	ministry	ministry	PROPN
elp-55988	212	2	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	212	3	commerce	commerce	PROPN
elp-55988	212	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	213	1	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
elp-55988	213	2	investment	investment	PROPN
elp-55988	213	3	promotion	promotion	PROPN
elp-55988	213	4	commission	commission	PROPN
elp-55988	213	5	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	214	1	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	214	2	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	214	3	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	214	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	215	1	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	215	2	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	215	3	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
elp-55988	215	4	bilateral	bilateral	ADJ
elp-55988	215	5	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	215	6	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	215	7	protocol	protocol	NOUN
elp-55988	215	8	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	216	1	abuja	abuja	PROPN
elp-55988	216	2	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	217	1	unctad	unctad	PROPN
elp-55988	217	2	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	218	1	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	218	2	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	218	3	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	218	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	219	1	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	219	2	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	219	3	monitor	monitor	NOUN
elp-55988	219	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	220	1	united	united	PROPN
elp-55988	220	2	nations	nations	PROPN
elp-55988	220	3	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	221	1	ustr	ustr	PROPN
elp-55988	221	2	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	222	1	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	222	2	2012	2012	NUM
elp-55988	222	3	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	222	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	223	1	2012	2012	NUM
elp-55988	223	2	u.s	u.s	PROPN
elp-55988	223	3	.	.	PROPN
elp-55988	223	4	model	model	PROPN
elp-55988	223	5	bilateral	bilateral	ADJ
elp-55988	223	6	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	223	7	treaty	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	223	8	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	224	1	office	office	NOUN
elp-55988	224	2	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	224	3	the	the	DET
elp-55988	224	4	united	united	PROPN
elp-55988	224	5	states	states	PROPN
elp-55988	224	6	trade	trade	PROPN
elp-55988	224	7	representative	representative	NOUN
elp-55988	224	8	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	225	1	wang	wang	PROPN
elp-55988	225	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	225	3	l.	l.	PROPN
elp-55988	225	4	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	225	5	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	225	6	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	225	7	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	226	1	the	the	DET
elp-55988	226	2	evolution	evolution	NOUN
elp-55988	226	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	226	4	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	226	5	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	226	6	bit	bit	NOUN
elp-55988	226	7	practice	practice	NOUN
elp-55988	226	8	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	226	9	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	226	10	investor	investor	NOUN
elp-55988	226	11	protection	protection	NOUN
elp-55988	226	12	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	226	13	balanced	balanced	ADJ
elp-55988	226	14	development	development	NOUN
elp-55988	226	15	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	227	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elp-55988	227	2	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	227	3	world	world	PROPN
elp-55988	227	4	investment	investment	PROPN
elp-55988	227	5	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	227	6	trade	trade	NOUN
elp-55988	227	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	227	8	24(1	24(1	NUM
elp-55988	227	9	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	227	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	227	11	45	45	NUM
elp-55988	227	12	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	227	13	72	72	NUM
elp-55988	227	14	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	228	1	wei	wei	PROPN
elp-55988	228	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	228	3	s.	s.	PROPN
elp-55988	228	4	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	228	5	2021	2021	NUM
elp-55988	228	6	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	228	7	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	229	1	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	229	2	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	229	3	approach	approach	NOUN
elp-55988	229	4	to	to	ADP
elp-55988	229	5	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	229	6	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	229	7	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	229	8	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	229	9	legal	legal	ADJ
elp-55988	229	10	structure	structure	NOUN
elp-55988	229	11	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	229	12	political	political	ADJ
elp-55988	229	13	context	context	NOUN
elp-55988	229	14	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	230	1	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	230	2	journal	journal	PROPN
elp-55988	230	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	230	4	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	230	5	politics	politic	NOUN
elp-55988	230	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	230	7	14(2	14(2	NUM
elp-55988	230	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	230	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	230	10	187	187	NUM
elp-55988	230	11	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	230	12	214	214	NUM
elp-55988	230	13	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	231	1	world	world	PROPN
elp-55988	231	2	bank	bank	PROPN
elp-55988	231	3	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	232	1	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	232	2	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	232	3	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	232	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	233	1	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	233	2	practices	practice	NOUN
elp-55988	233	3	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	233	4	belt	belt	NOUN
elp-55988	233	5	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	233	6	road	road	NOUN
elp-55988	233	7	initiative	initiative	NOUN
elp-55988	233	8	projects	project	NOUN
elp-55988	233	9	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	233	10	assessment	assessment	NOUN
elp-55988	233	11	report	report	NOUN
elp-55988	233	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	234	1	washington	washington	PROPN
elp-55988	234	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	234	3	dc	dc	PROPN
elp-55988	234	4	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	234	5	wu	wu	PROPN
elp-55988	234	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	234	7	g.	g.	PROPN
elp-55988	234	8	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	234	9	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	234	10	martinez	martinez	PROPN
elp-55988	234	11	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	234	12	c.	c.	PROPN
elp-55988	234	13	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	234	14	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	234	15	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	234	16	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	235	1	implementing	implement	VERB
elp-55988	235	2	ilo	ilo	NOUN
elp-55988	235	3	standards	standard	NOUN
elp-55988	235	4	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	235	5	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	235	6	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	235	7	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	235	8	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	235	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elp-55988	235	10	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	235	11	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
elp-55988	235	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	236	1	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	236	2	labour	labour	PROPN
elp-55988	236	3	review	review	NOUN
elp-55988	236	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	236	5	162(2	162(2	NUM
elp-55988	236	6	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	236	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	236	8	214	214	NUM
elp-55988	236	9	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	236	10	238	238	NUM
elp-55988	236	11	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	237	1	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	237	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	237	3	l.	l.	PROPN
elp-55988	237	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	237	5	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	237	6	li	li	PROPN
elp-55988	237	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	237	8	y.	y.	PROPN
elp-55988	237	9	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	237	10	2020	2020	NUM
elp-55988	237	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	237	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	238	1	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
elp-55988	238	2	convergence	convergence	NOUN
elp-55988	238	3	and	and	CCONJ
elp-55988	238	4	divergence	divergence	NOUN
elp-55988	238	5	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	238	6	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elp-55988	238	7	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	238	8	treaties	treaty	NOUN
elp-55988	238	9	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	239	1	journal	journal	NOUN
elp-55988	239	2	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	239	3	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	239	4	dispute	dispute	NOUN
elp-55988	239	5	settlement	settlement	NOUN
elp-55988	239	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	239	7	11(1	11(1	NUM
elp-55988	239	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	239	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	239	10	83	83	NUM
elp-55988	239	11	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	239	12	102	102	NUM
elp-55988	239	13	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	240	1	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elp-55988	240	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	240	3	y.	y.	PROPN
elp-55988	240	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	240	5	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	240	6	okonjo	okonjo	PROPN
elp-55988	240	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	240	8	k.	k.	PROPN
elp-55988	240	9	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	240	10	2023	2023	NUM
elp-55988	240	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	240	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	241	1	technical	technical	ADJ
elp-55988	241	2	assistance	assistance	NOUN
elp-55988	241	3	programs	program	NOUN
elp-55988	241	4	for	for	ADP
elp-55988	241	5	labor	labor	NOUN
elp-55988	241	6	governance	governance	NOUN
elp-55988	241	7	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	241	8	africa	africa	PROPN
elp-55988	241	9	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	241	10	the	the	DET
elp-55988	241	11	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	241	12	-	-	PUNCT
elp-55988	241	13	ilo	ilo	PROPN
elp-55988	241	14	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
elp-55988	241	15	model	model	NOUN
elp-55988	241	16	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	242	1	african	african	ADJ
elp-55988	242	2	journal	journal	PROPN
elp-55988	242	3	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	242	4	international	international	ADJ
elp-55988	242	5	law	law	NOUN
elp-55988	242	6	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	242	7	31(1	31(1	NUM
elp-55988	242	8	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	242	9	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	242	10	76	76	NUM
elp-55988	242	11	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	242	12	98	98	NUM
elp-55988	242	13	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	243	1	zhou	zhou	PROPN
elp-55988	243	2	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	243	3	l.	l.	PROPN
elp-55988	243	4	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	243	5	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	243	6	barnes	barnes	PROPN
elp-55988	243	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	243	8	a.	a.	NOUN
elp-55988	243	9	(	(	PUNCT
elp-55988	243	10	2022	2022	NUM
elp-55988	243	11	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	243	12	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	244	1	esg	esg	NOUN
elp-55988	244	2	integration	integration	NOUN
elp-55988	244	3	in	in	ADP
elp-55988	244	4	china	china	PROPN
elp-55988	244	5	’s	’s	PART
elp-55988	244	6	overseas	overseas	ADJ
elp-55988	244	7	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	244	8	:	:	PUNCT
elp-55988	244	9	from	from	ADP
elp-55988	244	10	policy	policy	NOUN
elp-55988	244	11	to	to	AUX
elp-55988	244	12	practice	practice	VERB
elp-55988	244	13	.	.	PUNCT
elp-55988	245	1	journal	journal	NOUN
elp-55988	245	2	of	of	ADP
elp-55988	245	3	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
elp-55988	245	4	finance	finance	NOUN
elp-55988	245	5	&	&	CCONJ
elp-55988	245	6	investment	investment	NOUN
elp-55988	245	7	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	245	8	12(3	12(3	NUM
elp-55988	245	9	)	)	PUNCT
elp-55988	245	10	,	,	PUNCT
elp-55988	245	11	278	278	NUM
elp-55988	245	12	-	-	SYM
elp-55988	245	13	302	302	NUM
elp-55988	245	14	.	.	PUNCT