id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
easat-10161	1	1	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	1	2	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	1	3	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	1	5	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	1	6	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	1	8	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	1	9	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	1	10	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	1	12	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	2	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	2	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	2	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	2	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	2	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	2	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	2	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	2	10	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	2	11	publisher	publisher	NOUN
easat-10161	2	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	2	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	2	14	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	2	15	doi	doi	PROPN
easat-10161	2	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	2	17	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	2	18	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	2	19	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	2	20	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	2	21	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	2	22	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	2	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	2	24	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	2	25	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	2	26	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	2	27	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	2	28	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	3	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	3	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	3	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	3	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	3	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	3	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	3	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	3	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	3	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	3	10	history	history	NOUN
easat-10161	3	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	3	12	received	receive	VERB
easat-10161	3	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	3	14	16	16	NUM
easat-10161	3	15	july	july	PROPN
easat-10161	3	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	3	17	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	3	18	revised	revise	VERB
easat-10161	3	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	3	20	27	27	NUM
easat-10161	3	21	august	august	PROPN
easat-10161	3	22	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	3	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	3	24	accepted	accept	VERB
easat-10161	3	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	3	26	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	3	27	september	september	PROPN
easat-10161	3	28	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	3	29	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	3	30	published	publish	VERB
easat-10161	3	31	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	4	1	23	23	NUM
easat-10161	4	2	september	september	PROPN
easat-10161	4	3	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	4	4	*	*	PUNCT
easat-10161	4	5	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
easat-10161	4	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	4	7	fajukeibukundamilola@gmail.com	fajukeibukundamilola@gmail.com	X
easat-10161	5	1	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	5	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-10161	5	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	5	4	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	5	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	5	6	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	5	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	5	8	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	5	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	5	10	graphical	graphical	ADJ
easat-10161	5	11	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	5	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	5	13	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	5	14	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	5	15	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	5	16	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	5	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	5	18	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	5	19	smart	smart	ADJ
easat-10161	5	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	5	21	resilient	resilient	ADJ
easat-10161	5	22	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	5	23	grids	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	5	24	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	5	25	case	case	NOUN
easat-10161	5	26	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	5	27	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	5	28	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	5	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	5	30	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	5	31	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	5	32	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	5	33	ibukun	ibukun	PROPN
easat-10161	5	34	damilola	damilola	VERB
easat-10161	5	35	fajuke1	fajuke1	PROPN
easat-10161	5	36	*	*	PROPN
easat-10161	5	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	5	38	bolanle	bolanle	NOUN
easat-10161	5	39	tolulope	tolulope	NOUN
easat-10161	5	40	abe2	abe2	PROPN
easat-10161	6	1	1,2department	1,2department	NUM
easat-10161	6	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	6	3	electrical	electrical	ADJ
easat-10161	6	4	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-10161	6	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	6	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	6	7	tshwane	tshwane	NOUN
easat-10161	6	8	university	university	NOUN
easat-10161	6	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	6	10	technology	technology	PROPN
easat-10161	6	11	south	south	PROPN
easat-10161	6	12	africa	africa	PROPN
easat-10161	6	13	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	6	14	fajukeid@tut.ac.za	fajukeid@tut.ac.za	NOUN
easat-10161	6	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	6	16	i.d	i.d	PROPN
easat-10161	6	17	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	6	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	7	1	abebt@tut.ac.za	abebt@tut.ac.za	NOUN
easat-10161	7	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	7	3	b.t.a	b.t.a	NOUN
easat-10161	7	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	7	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	7	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	8	1	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-10161	8	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	8	3	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	8	4	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	8	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	8	6	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	8	7	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-10161	8	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	8	9	periodic	periodic	ADJ
easat-10161	8	10	planning	planning	NOUN
easat-10161	8	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	8	12	scheduling	scheduling	NOUN
easat-10161	8	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	8	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	8	15	reliable	reliable	ADJ
easat-10161	8	16	operation	operation	NOUN
easat-10161	8	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	8	18	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-10161	8	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	8	20	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-10161	8	21	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	8	22	grids	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	8	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	9	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	9	3	evaluates	evaluate	VERB
easat-10161	9	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	9	5	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-10161	9	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	9	7	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	9	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	9	physicsinformed	physicsinforme	VERB
easat-10161	9	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	9	11	graph	graph	VERB
easat-10161	9	12	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	9	13	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	9	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	15	nn	nn	NOUN
easat-10161	9	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	17	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	9	18	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	9	19	performing	perform	VERB
easat-10161	9	20	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	9	21	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	9	22	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	9	23	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	9	24	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-10161	9	25	benchmark	benchmark	NOUN
easat-10161	9	26	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	9	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	28	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	9	29	14and	14and	NOUN
easat-10161	9	30	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	9	31	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	32	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	9	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	9	35	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	9	36	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	9	37	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	9	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	39	28and	28and	NOUN
easat-10161	9	40	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	9	41	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	42	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	9	43	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	44	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	9	45	steady	steady	ADJ
easat-10161	9	46	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	47	state	state	NOUN
easat-10161	9	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	49	fault	fault	NOUN
easat-10161	9	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	51	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	9	52	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-10161	9	53	generation	generation	NOUN
easat-10161	9	54	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	55	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	9	56	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	9	57	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	9	58	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	9	59	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	10	1	newton	newton	PROPN
easat-10161	10	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	10	3	raphson	raphson	PROPN
easat-10161	10	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	10	5	nr	nr	NOUN
easat-10161	10	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	10	7	method	method	NOUN
easat-10161	10	8	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	10	9	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	10	10	to	to	PART
easat-10161	10	11	generate	generate	VERB
easat-10161	10	12	base	base	NOUN
easat-10161	10	13	case	case	NOUN
easat-10161	10	14	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	10	15	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	10	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	10	17	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10161	10	18	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	10	19	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	10	20	reference	reference	NOUN
easat-10161	10	21	targets	target	NOUN
easat-10161	10	22	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	10	23	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	10	24	training	training	NOUN
easat-10161	10	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	11	1	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	11	2	were	be	AUX
easat-10161	11	3	implemented	implement	VERB
easat-10161	11	4	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	11	5	matlab	matlab	PROPN
easat-10161	11	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	11	7	r2025a	r2025a	ADJ
easat-10161	11	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	11	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	11	10	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
easat-10161	11	11	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	11	12	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-10161	11	13	statistical	statistical	ADJ
easat-10161	11	14	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	11	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	11	16	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	11	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	11	18	rmse	rmse	PROPN
easat-10161	11	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	11	20	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	11	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	11	22	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	11	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	11	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	11	25	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	11	26	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	11	27	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	11	28	index	index	NOUN
easat-10161	11	29	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	11	30	lvsi	lvsi	PROPN
easat-10161	11	31	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	11	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	12	1	simulation	simulation	NOUN
easat-10161	12	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	12	3	showed	show	VERB
easat-10161	12	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	12	5	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	12	6	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-10161	12	7	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	12	8	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	12	9	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	12	10	0.385	0.385	NUM
easat-10161	12	11	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	12	12	1.079	1.079	NUM
easat-10161	12	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	12	14	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	12	15	0.62	0.62	NUM
easat-10161	12	16	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	12	17	1.039	1.039	NUM
easat-10161	12	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	12	19	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	12	20	0.0370.105	0.0370.105	PROPN
easat-10161	12	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	12	22	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	12	23	2.005	2.005	NUM
easat-10161	12	24	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	12	25	5.562	5.562	NUM
easat-10161	12	26	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	12	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	12	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	12	29	lvsi	lvsi	VERB
easat-10161	12	30	0.594	0.594	NUM
easat-10161	12	31	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	12	32	0.87	0.87	NUM
easat-10161	12	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	13	1	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	13	2	recorded	record	VERB
easat-10161	13	3	mse	mse	PROPN
easat-10161	13	4	0.731	0.731	NUM
easat-10161	13	5	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	13	6	1.828	1.828	NUM
easat-10161	13	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	13	8	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	13	9	0.8551.352	0.8551.352	PROPN
easat-10161	13	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	13	11	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	13	12	0.068	0.068	PROPN
easat-10161	13	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	13	14	0.18	0.18	NUM
easat-10161	13	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	13	16	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	13	17	3.073	3.073	NUM
easat-10161	13	18	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	13	19	8.903	8.903	NUM
easat-10161	13	20	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	13	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	13	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	13	23	lvsi	lvsi	VERB
easat-10161	13	24	0.524	0.524	NUM
easat-10161	13	25	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	13	26	0.724	0.724	NUM
easat-10161	13	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	14	1	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	14	2	showed	show	VERB
easat-10161	14	3	mse	mse	PROPN
easat-10161	14	4	1.622	1.622	NUM
easat-10161	14	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	14	6	2.552	2.552	NUM
easat-10161	14	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	14	8	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	14	9	1.274	1.274	NUM
easat-10161	14	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	14	11	1.597	1.597	NUM
easat-10161	14	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	14	13	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	14	14	0.158	0.158	NUM
easat-10161	14	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	14	16	0.238	0.238	NUM
easat-10161	14	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	14	18	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	14	19	6.197	6.197	NUM
easat-10161	14	20	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	14	21	10.77	10.77	NUM
easat-10161	14	22	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	14	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	14	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	14	25	lvsi	lvsi	VERB
easat-10161	14	26	0.563	0.563	NUM
easat-10161	14	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	14	28	0.752	0.752	NUM
easat-10161	14	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	15	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	15	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	15	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10161	15	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	15	5	suitability	suitability	NOUN
easat-10161	15	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	15	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	15	8	individual	individual	ADJ
easat-10161	15	9	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	15	10	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	15	11	rapid	rapid	ADJ
easat-10161	15	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	15	13	reliable	reliable	ADJ
easat-10161	15	14	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	15	15	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	15	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	15	17	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	15	18	varying	vary	VERB
easat-10161	15	19	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	15	20	sizes	size	NOUN
easat-10161	15	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	15	22	operating	operating	NOUN
easat-10161	15	23	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	15	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	16	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	16	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-10161	16	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	16	4	this	this	DET
easat-10161	16	5	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	16	6	will	will	AUX
easat-10161	16	7	serve	serve	VERB
easat-10161	16	8	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	16	9	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	16	10	guidance	guidance	NOUN
easat-10161	16	11	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	16	12	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	16	13	selection	selection	NOUN
easat-10161	16	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	16	15	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-10161	16	16	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	16	17	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	16	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	16	19	supporting	support	VERB
easat-10161	16	20	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-10161	16	21	planning	planning	NOUN
easat-10161	16	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	16	23	operation	operation	NOUN
easat-10161	16	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	16	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	16	26	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	16	27	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	16	28	dg	dg	PROPN
easat-10161	16	29	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-10161	16	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	17	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
easat-10161	17	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	17	3	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	17	4	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	17	5	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	17	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	17	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-10161	17	8	generation	generation	NOUN
easat-10161	17	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	17	10	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	17	11	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	17	12	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	17	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	17	14	load	load	VERB
easat-10161	17	15	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	17	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	17	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	17	18	physicsinformed	physicsinforme	VERB
easat-10161	17	19	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	17	20	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	17	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	17	22	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	17	23	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	17	24	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	17	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	17	26	resilient	resilient	ADJ
easat-10161	17	27	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	17	28	grids	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	17	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	18	1	1	1	X
easat-10161	18	2	.	.	X
easat-10161	18	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-10161	18	4	electrical	electrical	ADJ
easat-10161	18	5	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	18	6	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	18	7	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	18	8	large	large	ADJ
easat-10161	18	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	18	10	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-10161	18	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	18	12	interconnected	interconnected	ADJ
easat-10161	18	13	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-10161	18	14	designed	design	VERB
easat-10161	18	15	to	to	PART
easat-10161	18	16	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-10161	18	17	the	the	DET
easat-10161	18	18	generation	generation	NOUN
easat-10161	18	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	18	20	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-10161	18	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	18	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	18	23	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10161	18	24	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	18	25	electricity	electricity	NOUN
easat-10161	18	26	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	18	27	wide	wide	ADJ
easat-10161	18	28	geographic	geographic	ADJ
easat-10161	18	29	regions	region	NOUN
easat-10161	18	30	[	[	X
easat-10161	18	31	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	18	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	18	33	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	18	34	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	18	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	19	1	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-10161	19	2	their	their	PRON
easat-10161	19	3	stable	stable	ADJ
easat-10161	19	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	19	5	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-10161	19	6	operation	operation	NOUN
easat-10161	19	7	requires	require	VERB
easat-10161	19	8	continuous	continuous	ADJ
easat-10161	19	9	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
easat-10161	19	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	19	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	19	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	19	13	electrical	electrical	ADJ
easat-10161	19	14	parameters	parameter	NOUN
easat-10161	19	15	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	19	16	various	various	ADJ
easat-10161	19	17	nodes	node	NOUN
easat-10161	19	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	19	19	branches	branch	NOUN
easat-10161	19	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	19	21	the	the	DET
easat-10161	19	22	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	19	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	20	1	one	one	NUM
easat-10161	20	2	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-10161	20	3	analytical	analytical	ADJ
easat-10161	20	4	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-10161	20	5	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	20	6	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	20	7	this	this	DET
easat-10161	20	8	context	context	NOUN
easat-10161	20	9	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	20	10	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	20	11	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	20	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	20	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	20	14	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	20	15	known	know	VERB
easat-10161	20	16	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	20	17	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	20	18	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	20	19	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	20	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	20	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	20	22	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	20	23	provides	provide	VERB
easat-10161	20	24	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-10161	20	25	information	information	NOUN
easat-10161	20	26	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	20	27	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	20	28	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	20	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	20	30	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10161	20	31	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	20	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	20	33	real	real	ADJ
easat-10161	20	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	20	35	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	20	36	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	20	37	flows	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	20	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	20	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	20	40	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	20	41	losses	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	20	42	[	[	X
easat-10161	20	43	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	20	44	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	20	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	21	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	21	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	21	3	forms	form	VERB
easat-10161	21	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	21	5	backbone	backbone	NOUN
easat-10161	21	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	21	7	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	21	8	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	21	9	planning	planning	NOUN
easat-10161	21	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	21	11	operation	operation	NOUN
easat-10161	21	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	21	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	21	14	contingency	contingency	NOUN
easat-10161	21	15	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-10161	21	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	21	17	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-10161	21	18	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-10161	21	19	to	to	PART
easat-10161	21	20	understand	understand	VERB
easat-10161	21	21	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	21	22	behavior	behavior	NOUN
easat-10161	21	23	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	21	24	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10161	21	25	normal	normal	ADJ
easat-10161	21	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	21	27	disturbed	disturbed	ADJ
easat-10161	21	28	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	21	29	[	[	X
easat-10161	21	30	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	21	31	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	21	32	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	21	33	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	21	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	22	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	22	2	growing	grow	VERB
easat-10161	22	3	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	22	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	22	5	renewable	renewable	ADJ
easat-10161	22	6	energy	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	22	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	22	8	re	re	NOUN
easat-10161	22	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	22	10	sources	source	NOUN
easat-10161	22	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	22	12	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-10161	22	13	generation	generation	NOUN
easat-10161	22	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	22	15	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	22	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	22	17	units	unit	NOUN
easat-10161	22	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	22	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	22	20	advanced	advanced	ADJ
easat-10161	22	21	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	22	22	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-10161	22	23	devices	device	NOUN
easat-10161	22	24	has	have	AUX
easat-10161	22	25	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	22	26	introduced	introduce	VERB
easat-10161	22	27	new	new	ADJ
easat-10161	22	28	complexities	complexity	NOUN
easat-10161	22	29	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	22	30	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-10161	22	31	grids	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	22	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	22	33	making	make	VERB
easat-10161	22	34	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10161	22	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	22	36	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-10161	22	37	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	22	38	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	22	39	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	22	40	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	22	41	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-10161	22	42	than	than	ADP
easat-10161	22	43	ever	ever	ADV
easat-10161	22	44	[	[	X
easat-10161	22	45	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	22	46	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	22	47	8	8	NUM
easat-10161	22	48	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	22	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	1	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
easat-10161	23	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	3	numerical	numerical	ADJ
easat-10161	23	4	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	23	5	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	23	6	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	23	7	newton	newton	PROPN
easat-10161	23	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	9	raphson	raphson	NOUN
easat-10161	23	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	11	nr	nr	NOUN
easat-10161	23	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	14	gauss	gauss	NOUN
easat-10161	23	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	16	seidel	seidel	PROPN
easat-10161	23	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	18	gs	gs	NOUN
easat-10161	23	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	23	22	fast	fast	ADV
easat-10161	23	23	decoupled	decouple	VERB
easat-10161	23	24	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	23	25	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	23	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	27	fdlf	fdlf	ADV
easat-10161	23	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	23	29	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	23	30	been	be	AUX
easat-10161	23	31	widely	widely	ADV
easat-10161	23	32	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	23	33	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	23	34	solving	solve	VERB
easat-10161	23	35	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	23	36	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	23	37	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-10161	23	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	24	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	24	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-10161	24	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	24	4	adejumobi	adejumobi	PROPN
easat-10161	24	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	24	6	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	24	7	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	24	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	25	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	25	2	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	25	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	25	4	performed	perform	VERB
easat-10161	25	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	25	6	comparative	comparative	ADJ
easat-10161	25	7	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	25	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	25	9	nr	nr	PROPN
easat-10161	25	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	25	11	gs	gs	NOUN
easat-10161	25	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	25	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	25	14	fdlf	fdlf	NOUN
easat-10161	25	15	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	25	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	25	17	t.	t.	NOUN
easat-10161	25	18	bs	bs	PROPN
easat-10161	25	19	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	26	1	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	26	2	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	27	1	v.	v.	PROPN
easat-10161	27	2	madhukar	madhukar	PROPN
easat-10161	27	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	27	4	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	27	5	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10161	27	6	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	27	7	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	27	8	optimal	optimal	ADJ
easat-10161	27	9	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	27	10	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5092-0660	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5092-0660	PROPN
easat-10161	27	11	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9216-1992	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9216-1992	PROPN
easat-10161	27	12	1535	1535	PROPN
easat-10161	27	13	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	27	14	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	27	15	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	27	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	27	17	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	27	18	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	27	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	27	20	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	27	21	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	27	22	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	27	23	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	27	24	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	28	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	28	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	28	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	28	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	28	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	28	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	28	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	28	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	28	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	28	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	28	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	28	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	28	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	28	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	28	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	28	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	28	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	28	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	28	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	28	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	28	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	28	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	29	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	29	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	29	3	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	29	4	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	29	5	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	29	6	renewable	renewable	ADJ
easat-10161	29	7	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	29	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	29	9	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	29	10	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	29	11	fikri	fikri	PROPN
easat-10161	29	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	29	13	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	29	14	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	29	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	30	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	30	2	3	3	X
easat-10161	30	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	30	4	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	30	5	utilized	utilize	VERB
easat-10161	30	6	nr	nr	PROPN
easat-10161	30	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	30	8	gs	gs	PROPN
easat-10161	30	9	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	30	10	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	30	11	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	30	12	studies	study	NOUN
easat-10161	30	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	30	14	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	30	15	adebayo	adebayo	PROPN
easat-10161	30	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	30	17	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	30	18	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	30	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	31	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	31	2	10	10	NUM
easat-10161	31	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	31	4	investigated	investigate	VERB
easat-10161	31	5	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	31	6	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	31	7	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	31	8	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	31	9	tap	tap	NOUN
easat-10161	31	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	31	11	changing	change	VERB
easat-10161	31	12	transformers	transformer	NOUN
easat-10161	31	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	31	14	ltct	ltct	NOUN
easat-10161	31	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	31	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	32	1	although	although	SCONJ
easat-10161	32	2	these	these	DET
easat-10161	32	3	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	32	4	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	32	5	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-10161	32	6	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	32	7	many	many	ADJ
easat-10161	32	8	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	32	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	32	10	they	they	PRON
easat-10161	32	11	often	often	ADV
easat-10161	32	12	struggle	struggle	VERB
easat-10161	32	13	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	32	14	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	32	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	32	16	highly	highly	ADV
easat-10161	32	17	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
easat-10161	32	18	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	32	19	dynamically	dynamically	ADV
easat-10161	32	20	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10161	32	21	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	32	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	32	23	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-10161	32	24	those	those	PRON
easat-10161	32	25	impacted	impact	VERB
easat-10161	32	26	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	32	27	re	re	ADP
easat-10161	32	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	32	29	dg	dg	VERB
easat-10161	32	30	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	32	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	33	1	these	these	DET
easat-10161	33	2	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-10161	33	3	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	33	4	spurred	spur	VERB
easat-10161	33	5	interest	interest	NOUN
easat-10161	33	6	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	33	7	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	33	8	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
easat-10161	33	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	33	10	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
easat-10161	33	11	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-10161	33	12	[	[	X
easat-10161	33	13	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	33	14	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	33	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	34	1	to	to	PART
easat-10161	34	2	address	address	VERB
easat-10161	34	3	these	these	DET
easat-10161	34	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-10161	34	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	34	6	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	34	7	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
easat-10161	34	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	34	9	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-10161	34	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	34	11	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	34	12	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	34	13	been	be	AUX
easat-10161	34	14	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
easat-10161	34	15	explored	explore	VERB
easat-10161	34	16	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	34	17	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
easat-10161	34	18	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	34	19	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-10161	34	20	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	34	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	1	metaheuristic	metaheuristic	ADJ
easat-10161	35	2	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-10161	35	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	35	4	expert	expert	NOUN
easat-10161	35	5	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	35	6	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	35	7	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	35	8	genetic	genetic	ADJ
easat-10161	35	9	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
easat-10161	35	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	11	ga	ga	PROPN
easat-10161	35	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	14	particle	particle	NOUN
easat-10161	35	15	swarm	swarm	NOUN
easat-10161	35	16	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-10161	35	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	18	pso	pso	NOUN
easat-10161	35	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	21	ant	ant	ADJ
easat-10161	35	22	colony	colony	NOUN
easat-10161	35	23	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-10161	35	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	25	aco	aco	PROPN
easat-10161	35	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	28	sparrow	sparrow	NOUN
easat-10161	35	29	search	search	NOUN
easat-10161	35	30	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
easat-10161	35	31	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	32	ssa	ssa	NOUN
easat-10161	35	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	35	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	35	36	bee	bee	NOUN
easat-10161	35	37	colony	colony	NOUN
easat-10161	35	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	39	abc	abc	PROPN
easat-10161	35	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	35	42	fuzzy	fuzzy	ADJ
easat-10161	35	43	logic	logic	NOUN
easat-10161	35	44	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	35	45	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10161	35	46	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
easat-10161	35	47	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	35	48	handling	handle	VERB
easat-10161	35	49	the	the	DET
easat-10161	35	50	uncertainties	uncertainty	NOUN
easat-10161	35	51	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	35	52	complexities	complexity	NOUN
easat-10161	35	53	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	35	54	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	35	55	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	35	56	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-10161	35	57	[	[	X
easat-10161	35	58	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	35	59	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	35	60	13	13	NUM
easat-10161	35	61	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	35	62	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	36	1	notable	notable	ADJ
easat-10161	36	2	examples	example	NOUN
easat-10161	36	3	include	include	VERB
easat-10161	36	4	himakar	himakar	NOUN
easat-10161	36	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	36	6	reddy	reddy	PROPN
easat-10161	37	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	37	2	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	37	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	37	4	who	who	PRON
easat-10161	37	5	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	37	6	real	real	ADV
easat-10161	37	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	37	8	coded	code	VERB
easat-10161	37	9	buragohain	buragohain	NOUN
easat-10161	37	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	37	11	boruah	boruah	NOUN
easat-10161	37	12	[	[	X
easat-10161	37	13	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	37	14	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	37	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	37	16	dixit	dixit	PROPN
easat-10161	37	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	37	18	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	37	19	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	37	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	38	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	38	2	15	15	NUM
easat-10161	38	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	38	4	both	both	DET
easat-10161	38	5	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	38	6	fuzz	fuzz	NOUN
easat-10161	38	7	logic	logic	NOUN
easat-10161	38	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	38	9	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	38	10	shazly	shazly	NOUN
easat-10161	38	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	38	12	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	38	13	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	38	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	39	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	39	2	13	13	NUM
easat-10161	39	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	39	4	implemented	implement	VERB
easat-10161	39	5	pso	pso	NOUN
easat-10161	39	6	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	39	7	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	39	8	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	39	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	39	10	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	39	11	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-10161	39	12	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	39	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	40	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-10161	40	2	their	their	PRON
easat-10161	40	3	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
easat-10161	40	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	40	5	these	these	DET
easat-10161	40	6	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	40	7	can	can	AUX
easat-10161	40	8	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	40	9	computationally	computationally	ADV
easat-10161	40	10	intensive	intensive	ADJ
easat-10161	40	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	40	12	may	may	AUX
easat-10161	40	13	face	face	VERB
easat-10161	40	14	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-10161	40	15	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	40	16	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	40	17	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	40	18	large	large	ADJ
easat-10161	40	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	40	20	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-10161	40	21	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	40	22	highly	highly	ADV
easat-10161	40	23	variable	variable	ADJ
easat-10161	40	24	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-10161	40	25	[	[	X
easat-10161	40	26	13	13	NUM
easat-10161	40	27	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	40	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	41	1	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	41	2	a	a	DET
easat-10161	41	3	result	result	NOUN
easat-10161	41	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	41	5	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-10161	41	6	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	41	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	41	8	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-10161	41	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	41	10	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	41	11	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	41	12	gained	gain	VERB
easat-10161	41	13	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-10161	41	14	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	41	15	their	their	PRON
easat-10161	41	16	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10161	41	17	to	to	PART
easat-10161	41	18	model	model	VERB
easat-10161	41	19	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10161	41	20	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	41	21	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	41	22	historical	historical	ADJ
easat-10161	41	23	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	41	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	42	1	ml	ml	PROPN
easat-10161	42	2	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	42	3	like	like	ADP
easat-10161	42	4	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	42	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	42	6	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	42	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	42	8	anns	anns	PROPN
easat-10161	42	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	42	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	42	11	support	support	VERB
easat-10161	42	12	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	42	13	machines	machine	NOUN
easat-10161	42	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	42	15	svms	svms	NOUN
easat-10161	42	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	42	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	42	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	42	19	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-10161	42	20	trees	tree	NOUN
easat-10161	42	21	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	42	22	been	be	AUX
easat-10161	42	23	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	42	24	to	to	PART
easat-10161	42	25	approximate	approximate	ADJ
easat-10161	42	26	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	42	27	voltages	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	42	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	42	29	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	42	30	flows	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	42	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	42	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	42	33	other	other	ADJ
easat-10161	42	34	key	key	ADJ
easat-10161	42	35	indicators	indicator	NOUN
easat-10161	42	36	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	42	37	impressive	impressive	ADJ
easat-10161	42	38	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	43	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	43	2	16	16	NUM
easat-10161	43	3	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	43	4	18	18	NUM
easat-10161	43	5	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	43	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	44	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	44	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-10161	44	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	44	4	efe	efe	X
easat-10161	44	5	[	[	X
easat-10161	44	6	19	19	NUM
easat-10161	44	7	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	44	8	compared	compare	VERB
easat-10161	44	9	analytical	analytical	ADJ
easat-10161	44	10	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	44	11	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	44	12	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	44	13	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	44	14	a	a	DET
easat-10161	44	15	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	44	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	44	17	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	44	18	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	44	19	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	44	20	tiwari	tiwari	PROPN
easat-10161	44	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	44	22	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	44	23	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	44	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	45	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	45	2	20	20	NUM
easat-10161	45	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	45	4	employed	employ	VERB
easat-10161	45	5	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	45	6	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	45	7	predicting	predict	VERB
easat-10161	45	8	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	45	9	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	45	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	45	11	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	45	12	flows	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	45	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	45	14	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	45	15	fikri	fikri	PROPN
easat-10161	45	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	45	17	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	45	18	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	45	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	46	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	46	2	3	3	X
easat-10161	46	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	46	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	46	5	alsulami	alsulami	PROPN
easat-10161	46	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	46	7	kumar	kumar	PROPN
easat-10161	46	8	[	[	X
easat-10161	46	9	16	16	NUM
easat-10161	46	10	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	46	11	extended	extend	VERB
easat-10161	46	12	this	this	PRON
easat-10161	46	13	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	46	14	a	a	DET
easat-10161	46	15	moroccan	moroccan	ADJ
easat-10161	46	16	24	24	NUM
easat-10161	46	17	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	46	18	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	46	19	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	46	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	46	21	saudi	saudi	PROPN
easat-10161	46	22	arabia	arabia	PROPN
easat-10161	46	23	grid	grid	PROPN
easat-10161	46	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	46	25	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10161	46	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	47	1	calma	calma	PROPN
easat-10161	47	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	47	3	pacis	pacis	VERB
easat-10161	48	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	48	2	21	21	NUM
easat-10161	48	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	48	4	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	48	5	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10161	48	6	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	48	7	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	48	8	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10161	48	9	to	to	PART
easat-10161	48	10	assess	assess	VERB
easat-10161	48	11	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	48	12	security	security	NOUN
easat-10161	48	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	48	14	calculate	calculate	VERB
easat-10161	48	15	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	48	16	indices	index	NOUN
easat-10161	48	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	49	1	these	these	DET
easat-10161	49	2	data	data	NOUN
easat-10161	49	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	49	4	driven	drive	VERB
easat-10161	49	5	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	49	6	can	can	AUX
easat-10161	49	7	generalize	generalize	VERB
easat-10161	49	8	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	49	9	past	past	ADJ
easat-10161	49	10	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	49	11	behavior	behavior	NOUN
easat-10161	49	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	49	13	often	often	ADV
easat-10161	49	14	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
easat-10161	49	15	the	the	DET
easat-10161	49	16	need	need	NOUN
easat-10161	49	17	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	49	18	repetitive	repetitive	ADJ
easat-10161	49	19	computations	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	49	20	during	during	ADP
easat-10161	49	21	real	real	ADJ
easat-10161	49	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	49	23	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	49	24	inference	inference	NOUN
easat-10161	49	25	[	[	X
easat-10161	49	26	17	17	NUM
easat-10161	49	27	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	49	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	50	1	researchers	researcher	NOUN
easat-10161	50	2	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	50	3	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	50	4	explored	explore	VERB
easat-10161	50	5	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10161	50	6	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-10161	50	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	50	8	combining	combine	VERB
easat-10161	50	9	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-10161	50	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	50	11	ai	ai	VERB
easat-10161	50	12	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	50	13	to	to	PART
easat-10161	50	14	improve	improve	VERB
easat-10161	50	15	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	50	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	51	1	gnanambal	gnanambal	PROPN
easat-10161	51	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	51	3	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	51	4	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	51	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	52	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	52	2	22	22	NUM
easat-10161	52	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	52	4	investigated	investigate	VERB
easat-10161	52	5	hybrid	hybrid	NOUN
easat-10161	52	6	pso	pso	NOUN
easat-10161	52	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	52	8	ga	ga	PROPN
easat-10161	52	9	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	52	10	three	three	NUM
easat-10161	52	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	52	12	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10161	52	13	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	52	14	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	52	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	52	16	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	52	17	davoodi	davoodi	PROPN
easat-10161	52	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	52	19	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	52	20	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	52	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	53	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	53	2	23	23	NUM
easat-10161	53	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	53	4	hybridized	hybridize	VERB
easat-10161	53	5	simplex	simplex	NOUN
easat-10161	53	6	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	53	7	pso	pso	NOUN
easat-10161	53	8	to	to	PART
easat-10161	53	9	improve	improve	VERB
easat-10161	53	10	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	53	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	54	1	singh	singh	PROPN
easat-10161	54	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	54	3	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	54	4	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	54	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	55	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	55	2	24	24	NUM
easat-10161	55	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	55	4	employed	employ	VERB
easat-10161	55	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	55	6	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10161	55	7	pso	pso	NOUN
easat-10161	55	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	55	9	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	55	10	to	to	PART
easat-10161	55	11	predict	predict	VERB
easat-10161	55	12	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	55	13	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	55	14	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	55	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	55	16	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	55	17	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	55	18	the	the	DET
easat-10161	55	19	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	55	20	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	55	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	55	22	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	55	23	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	55	24	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	55	25	various	various	ADJ
easat-10161	55	26	cases	case	NOUN
easat-10161	55	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	56	1	ting	ting	PROPN
easat-10161	56	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	56	3	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	56	4	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	56	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	57	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	57	2	25	25	NUM
easat-10161	57	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	57	4	tested	test	VERB
easat-10161	57	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	57	6	ga	ga	NOUN
easat-10161	57	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	57	8	pso	pso	ADJ
easat-10161	57	9	hybrid	hybrid	NOUN
easat-10161	57	10	method	method	NOUN
easat-10161	57	11	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	57	12	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	57	13	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	57	14	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	57	15	including	include	VERB
easat-10161	57	16	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	57	17	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	57	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	57	19	57	57	NUM
easat-10161	57	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	57	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	57	22	118	118	NUM
easat-10161	57	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	57	24	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	57	25	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	57	26	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	57	27	heavy	heavy	ADJ
easat-10161	57	28	loading	loading	NOUN
easat-10161	57	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	58	1	ahiakwo	ahiakwo	PROPN
easat-10161	58	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	58	3	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	58	4	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	58	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	59	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	59	2	26	26	NUM
easat-10161	59	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	59	4	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	59	5	utilized	utilize	VERB
easat-10161	59	6	a	a	DET
easat-10161	59	7	neuro	neuro	NOUN
easat-10161	59	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	59	9	swarm	swarm	NOUN
easat-10161	59	10	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-10161	59	11	combining	combine	VERB
easat-10161	59	12	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	59	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	59	14	abc	abc	PROPN
easat-10161	59	15	algorithms	algorithm	VERB
easat-10161	59	16	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	59	17	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	59	18	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	59	19	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	59	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	59	21	a	a	DET
easat-10161	59	22	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	59	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	59	24	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	59	25	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	59	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	59	27	illustrating	illustrate	VERB
easat-10161	59	28	the	the	DET
easat-10161	59	29	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
easat-10161	59	30	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	59	31	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10161	59	32	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	59	33	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	59	34	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	59	35	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-10161	59	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	60	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	60	2	anns	ann	NOUN
easat-10161	60	3	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	60	4	shown	show	VERB
easat-10161	60	5	promise	promise	NOUN
easat-10161	60	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	60	7	their	their	PRON
easat-10161	60	8	reliance	reliance	NOUN
easat-10161	60	9	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	60	10	large	large	ADJ
easat-10161	60	11	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10161	60	12	without	without	ADP
easat-10161	60	13	embedded	embed	VERB
easat-10161	60	14	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	60	15	constraints	constraint	NOUN
easat-10161	60	16	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	60	17	limited	limit	VERB
easat-10161	60	18	[	[	PUNCT
easat-10161	60	19	17	17	NUM
easat-10161	60	20	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	60	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	61	1	to	to	PART
easat-10161	61	2	bridge	bridge	VERB
easat-10161	61	3	this	this	DET
easat-10161	61	4	gap	gap	NOUN
easat-10161	61	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	61	6	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	61	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	61	8	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	61	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	61	10	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-10161	61	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	61	12	aware	aware	ADJ
easat-10161	61	13	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	61	14	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	61	15	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-10161	61	16	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	61	17	emerged	emerge	VERB
easat-10161	61	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	62	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	62	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	62	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	62	4	kaseb	kaseb	PROPN
easat-10161	62	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	62	6	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	62	7	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	62	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	63	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	63	2	27	27	NUM
easat-10161	63	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	63	4	employed	employ	VERB
easat-10161	63	5	quantum	quantum	ADJ
easat-10161	63	6	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	63	7	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	63	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	63	9	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	63	10	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	63	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	63	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	63	13	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-10161	63	14	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	63	15	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	63	16	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	63	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	63	18	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	63	19	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	63	20	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	63	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	64	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-10161	64	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	64	3	this	this	DET
easat-10161	64	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	64	5	investigates	investigate	VERB
easat-10161	64	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	64	7	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-10161	64	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	64	9	three	three	NUM
easat-10161	64	10	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-10161	64	11	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	64	12	including	include	VERB
easat-10161	64	13	anns	ann	NOUN
easat-10161	64	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	64	15	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	64	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	64	17	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	64	18	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	64	19	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	64	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	64	21	pinns	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	64	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	64	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	64	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	64	25	graph	graph	VERB
easat-10161	64	26	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	64	27	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	64	28	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	64	29	gnns	gnns	NOUN
easat-10161	64	30	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	64	31	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	64	32	solving	solve	VERB
easat-10161	64	33	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	64	34	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	64	35	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-10161	64	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	1	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	65	2	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10161	65	3	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	65	4	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-10161	65	5	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	65	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	7	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	65	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	9	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	65	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	65	11	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	65	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	13	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	65	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	65	16	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	65	17	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	65	18	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	65	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	20	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	65	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	22	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	65	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	65	24	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	65	25	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	26	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	65	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	29	the	the	DET
easat-10161	65	30	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	65	31	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	65	32	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
easat-10161	65	33	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	65	34	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	65	35	their	their	PRON
easat-10161	65	36	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	65	37	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	65	38	predicting	predict	VERB
easat-10161	65	39	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	65	40	voltages	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	65	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	65	42	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10161	65	43	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	65	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	45	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	65	46	behavior	behavior	NOUN
easat-10161	65	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	65	48	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	65	49	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10161	65	50	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10161	65	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	66	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	66	2	aim	aim	NOUN
easat-10161	66	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	66	4	to	to	PART
easat-10161	66	5	provide	provide	VERB
easat-10161	66	6	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-10161	66	7	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	66	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	66	9	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
easat-10161	66	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	66	11	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-10161	66	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	66	13	these	these	DET
easat-10161	66	14	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	66	15	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	66	16	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10161	66	17	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-10161	66	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	66	19	evolving	evolve	VERB
easat-10161	66	20	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	66	21	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	66	22	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-10161	66	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	67	1	2	2	X
easat-10161	67	2	.	.	X
easat-10161	67	3	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
easat-10161	67	4	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-10161	67	5	2.1	2.1	NUM
easat-10161	67	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	68	1	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-10161	68	2	electric	electric	PROPN
easat-10161	68	3	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	68	4	grid	grid	VERB
easat-10161	68	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	68	6	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-10161	68	7	electrical	electrical	ADJ
easat-10161	68	8	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	68	9	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	68	10	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	68	11	a	a	DET
easat-10161	68	12	highly	highly	ADV
easat-10161	68	13	networked	networked	ADJ
easat-10161	68	14	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	68	15	that	that	PRON
easat-10161	68	16	delivers	deliver	VERB
easat-10161	68	17	electricity	electricity	NOUN
easat-10161	68	18	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	68	19	high	high	ADJ
easat-10161	68	20	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10161	68	21	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	68	22	the	the	DET
easat-10161	68	23	location	location	NOUN
easat-10161	68	24	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	68	25	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	68	26	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	68	27	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	68	28	generated	generate	VERB
easat-10161	68	29	to	to	PART
easat-10161	68	30	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	68	31	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	68	32	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	68	33	needed	need	VERB
easat-10161	68	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	69	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	69	2	integrates	integrate	VERB
easat-10161	69	3	dg	dg	PART
easat-10161	69	4	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-10161	69	5	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	69	6	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	69	7	wind	wind	NOUN
easat-10161	69	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	69	9	solar	solar	ADJ
easat-10161	69	10	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	69	11	the	the	DET
easat-10161	69	12	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10161	69	13	level	level	NOUN
easat-10161	69	14	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	69	15	shown	show	VERB
easat-10161	69	16	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	69	17	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	69	18	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	69	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	70	1	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	70	2	a	a	DET
easat-10161	70	3	result	result	NOUN
easat-10161	70	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	70	5	this	this	DET
easat-10161	70	6	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	70	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	70	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	70	9	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	70	10	becomes	become	VERB
easat-10161	70	11	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
easat-10161	70	12	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
easat-10161	70	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	70	14	complicated	complicated	ADJ
easat-10161	70	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	71	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-10161	71	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	71	3	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10161	71	4	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	71	5	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	71	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	71	7	becomes	become	VERB
easat-10161	71	8	even	even	ADV
easat-10161	71	9	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	71	10	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-10161	71	11	to	to	PART
easat-10161	71	12	guarantee	guarantee	VERB
easat-10161	71	13	the	the	DET
easat-10161	71	14	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-10161	71	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	71	16	reliable	reliable	ADJ
easat-10161	71	17	operation	operation	NOUN
easat-10161	71	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	71	19	the	the	DET
easat-10161	71	20	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	71	21	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	72	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	72	2	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	72	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	72	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	73	1	1536	1536	NUM
easat-10161	73	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	73	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	73	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	73	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	73	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	73	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	73	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	73	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	73	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	73	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	73	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	73	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	74	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	74	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	74	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	74	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	74	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	74	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	74	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	74	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	74	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	74	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	74	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	74	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	74	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	74	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	74	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	74	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	74	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	74	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	74	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	74	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	74	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	74	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	74	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	74	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	74	25	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-10161	74	26	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	74	27	conversion	conversion	NOUN
easat-10161	74	28	unit	unit	NOUN
easat-10161	74	29	grid	grid	PROPN
easat-10161	74	30	cb1	cb1	PROPN
easat-10161	74	31	cb2	cb2	PROPN
easat-10161	74	32	cb3	cb3	PROPN
easat-10161	74	33	cb4	cb4	PROPN
easat-10161	74	34	cb5	cb5	PROPN
easat-10161	74	35	cb6	cb6	PROPN
easat-10161	74	36	cb7	cb7	PROPN
easat-10161	74	37	cb8	cb8	PROPN
easat-10161	74	38	ider1	ider1	PROPN
easat-10161	74	39	ider2	ider2	VERB
easat-10161	75	1	ig	ig	PRON
easat-10161	75	2	ir	ir	INTJ
easat-10161	75	3	if	if	SCONJ
easat-10161	75	4	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	75	5	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	75	6	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	75	7	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	75	8	pcc	pcc	PROPN
easat-10161	75	9	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	75	10	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	75	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	76	1	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-10161	76	2	electric	electric	PROPN
easat-10161	76	3	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	76	4	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	76	5	2.2	2.2	NUM
easat-10161	76	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	77	1	modeling	model	VERB
easat-10161	77	2	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	77	3	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	77	4	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	77	5	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	77	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	77	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-10161	77	8	generation	generation	NOUN
easat-10161	77	9	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	77	10	energy	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	77	11	sources	source	NOUN
easat-10161	77	12	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	77	13	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	77	14	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	77	15	to	to	PART
easat-10161	77	16	compensate	compensate	VERB
easat-10161	77	17	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	77	18	the	the	DET
easat-10161	77	19	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	77	20	losses	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	77	21	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	77	22	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10161	77	23	level	level	NOUN
easat-10161	77	24	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	77	25	an	an	DET
easat-10161	77	26	electric	electric	ADJ
easat-10161	77	27	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	77	28	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	77	29	[	[	X
easat-10161	77	30	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	77	31	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	77	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	78	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	78	2	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
easat-10161	78	3	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-10161	78	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	78	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	78	6	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	78	7	contribution	contribution	NOUN
easat-10161	78	8	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	78	9	solar	solar	ADJ
easat-10161	78	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	78	11	wind	wind	NOUN
easat-10161	78	12	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	78	13	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-10161	78	14	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	78	15	generally	generally	ADV
easat-10161	78	16	modeled	model	VERB
easat-10161	78	17	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	78	18	follows	follow	VERB
easat-10161	78	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	79	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	79	2	solar	solar	ADJ
easat-10161	79	3	pv	pv	NOUN
easat-10161	79	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	79	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	79	6	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	79	7	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	79	8	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-10161	79	9	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	79	10	modeled	model	VERB
easat-10161	79	11	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	79	12	ejuh	ejuh	PROPN
easat-10161	79	13	che	che	PROPN
easat-10161	79	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	79	15	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	79	16	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	79	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	80	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	80	2	7	7	X
easat-10161	80	3	]	]	ADJ
easat-10161	80	4	𝑃𝐷𝐺	𝑃𝐷𝐺	NOUN
easat-10161	80	5	𝑃𝑉	𝑃𝑉	NOUN
easat-10161	80	6	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	80	7	𝜂𝑃𝑉	𝜂𝑃𝑉	NOUN
easat-10161	80	8	∙	∙	PROPN
easat-10161	80	9	𝐴𝑃𝑉	𝐴𝑃𝑉	PROPN
easat-10161	80	10	∙	∙	PROPN
easat-10161	80	11	𝐺𝑆𝑇𝐶	𝐺𝑆𝑇𝐶	PROPN
easat-10161	80	12	∙	∙	PROPN
easat-10161	80	13	𝜂𝐼𝑁𝑉	𝜂𝐼𝑁𝑉	X
easat-10161	80	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	80	15	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	80	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	80	17	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	80	18	wind	wind	NOUN
easat-10161	80	19	turbine	turbine	NOUN
easat-10161	80	20	generation	generation	NOUN
easat-10161	80	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	80	22	the	the	DET
easat-10161	80	23	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	80	24	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	80	25	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-10161	80	26	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	80	27	modeled	model	VERB
easat-10161	80	28	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	80	29	ejuh	ejuh	PROPN
easat-10161	80	30	che	che	PROPN
easat-10161	80	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	80	32	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	80	33	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	80	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	81	2	7	7	X
easat-10161	81	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	4	𝑃𝐷𝐺	𝑃𝐷𝐺	NOUN
easat-10161	81	5	𝑊𝑇	𝑊𝑇	NOUN
easat-10161	81	6	=	=	NOUN
easat-10161	81	7	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	81	8	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	81	9	𝜌𝐴𝑣3𝐶𝑝	𝜌𝐴𝑣3𝐶𝑝	PROPN
easat-10161	81	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	11	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	81	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	13	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	81	14	𝜂𝑃𝑉	𝜂𝑃𝑉	NOUN
easat-10161	81	15	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	81	16	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	17	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10161	81	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	81	19	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	20	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
easat-10161	81	21	panels	panel	NOUN
easat-10161	81	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	23	𝐴𝑃𝑉	𝐴𝑃𝑉	PROPN
easat-10161	81	24	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	81	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	26	area	area	NOUN
easat-10161	81	27	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	81	28	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	29	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
easat-10161	81	30	panels	panel	NOUN
easat-10161	81	31	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	32	𝐺𝑆𝑇𝐶	𝐺𝑆𝑇𝐶	PROPN
easat-10161	81	33	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	81	34	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	35	solar	solar	ADJ
easat-10161	81	36	irradiance	irradiance	NOUN
easat-10161	81	37	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	81	38	𝑊/𝑚2	𝑊/𝑚2	PROPN
easat-10161	81	39	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	40	typically	typically	ADV
easat-10161	81	41	obtained	obtain	VERB
easat-10161	81	42	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	81	43	meteorological	meteorological	ADJ
easat-10161	81	44	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	81	45	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	46	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	47	𝜂𝐼𝑁𝑉	𝜂𝐼𝑁𝑉	X
easat-10161	81	48	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	81	49	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	50	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10161	81	51	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	81	52	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	53	inverter	inverter	ADJ
easat-10161	81	54	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	81	55	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	56	𝜌	𝜌	X
easat-10161	81	57	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	81	58	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	59	air	air	NOUN
easat-10161	81	60	density	density	NOUN
easat-10161	81	61	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	62	𝐴	𝐴	PROPN
easat-10161	81	63	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	81	64	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	65	swept	swept	ADJ
easat-10161	81	66	area	area	NOUN
easat-10161	81	67	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	81	68	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	69	wind	wind	NOUN
easat-10161	81	70	turbine	turbine	NOUN
easat-10161	81	71	blades	blade	NOUN
easat-10161	81	72	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	81	73	𝑣	𝑣	PRON
easat-10161	81	74	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	81	75	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	76	wind	wind	NOUN
easat-10161	81	77	speed	speed	NOUN
easat-10161	81	78	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	81	79	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	80	height	height	NOUN
easat-10161	81	81	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	81	82	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	83	turbine	turbine	NOUN
easat-10161	81	84	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	81	85	𝐶𝑝	𝐶𝑝	PROPN
easat-10161	81	86	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	81	87	the	the	DET
easat-10161	81	88	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	81	89	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
easat-10161	81	90	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	82	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	82	2	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	82	3	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	82	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	82	5	dg	dg	PROPN
easat-10161	82	6	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-10161	82	7	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	82	8	typically	typically	ADV
easat-10161	82	9	small	small	ADJ
easat-10161	82	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	82	11	can	can	AUX
easat-10161	82	12	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	82	13	assumed	assume	VERB
easat-10161	82	14	to	to	PART
easat-10161	82	15	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	82	16	zero	zero	NUM
easat-10161	82	17	unless	unless	SCONJ
easat-10161	82	18	there	there	PRON
easat-10161	82	19	are	be	VERB
easat-10161	82	20	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	82	21	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	82	22	compensation	compensation	NOUN
easat-10161	82	23	devices	device	NOUN
easat-10161	82	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	82	25	like	like	ADP
easat-10161	82	26	capacitors	capacitor	NOUN
easat-10161	82	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	82	28	installed	instal	VERB
easat-10161	82	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	82	30	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	82	31	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	82	32	not	not	PART
easat-10161	82	33	the	the	DET
easat-10161	82	34	case	case	NOUN
easat-10161	82	35	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	82	36	the	the	DET
easat-10161	82	37	current	current	ADJ
easat-10161	82	38	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	82	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	83	1	2.3	2.3	NUM
easat-10161	83	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	83	3	fundamentals	fundamental	NOUN
easat-10161	83	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	83	5	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	83	6	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	83	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	83	8	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	83	9	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	83	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	83	11	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	83	12	a	a	DET
easat-10161	83	13	procedure	procedure	NOUN
easat-10161	83	14	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	83	15	to	to	PART
easat-10161	83	16	determine	determine	VERB
easat-10161	83	17	the	the	DET
easat-10161	83	18	known	know	VERB
easat-10161	83	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	83	20	unknown	unknown	ADJ
easat-10161	83	21	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-10161	83	22	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	83	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	83	24	different	different	ADJ
easat-10161	83	25	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	83	26	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	83	27	an	an	DET
easat-10161	83	28	electric	electric	ADJ
easat-10161	83	29	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	83	30	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	83	31	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	83	32	specified	specified	ADJ
easat-10161	83	33	operating	operating	NOUN
easat-10161	83	34	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	83	35	[	[	X
easat-10161	83	36	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	83	37	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	83	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	84	1	these	these	DET
easat-10161	84	2	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-10161	84	3	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	84	4	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	84	5	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	84	6	table	table	NOUN
easat-10161	84	7	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	84	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	85	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	85	2	objective	objective	NOUN
easat-10161	85	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	85	4	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	85	5	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	85	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	85	7	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	85	8	to	to	PART
easat-10161	85	9	solve	solve	VERB
easat-10161	85	10	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	85	11	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	85	12	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	85	13	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	85	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	85	15	𝑉𝑖	𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	85	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	85	17	the	the	DET
easat-10161	85	18	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10161	85	19	angles	angle	VERB
easat-10161	85	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	85	21	𝛿𝑖	𝛿𝑖	ADP
easat-10161	85	22	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10161	85	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	85	24	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	85	25	generations	generation	NOUN
easat-10161	85	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	85	27	loads	load	NOUN
easat-10161	85	28	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	85	29	specified	specify	VERB
easat-10161	85	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	86	1	1537	1537	NUM
easat-10161	86	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	86	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	86	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	86	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	86	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	86	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	86	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	86	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	86	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	86	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	86	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	86	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	87	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	87	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	87	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	87	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	87	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	87	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	87	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	87	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	87	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	87	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	87	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	87	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	87	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	87	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	87	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	87	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	87	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	87	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	87	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	87	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	87	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	87	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	88	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	88	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	88	3	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	88	4	table	table	NOUN
easat-10161	88	5	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	88	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	88	7	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	88	8	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	88	9	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-10161	88	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	1	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	89	2	types	type	NOUN
easat-10161	89	3	known	know	VERB
easat-10161	89	4	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-10161	89	5	unknown	unknown	ADJ
easat-10161	89	6	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-10161	89	7	generator	generator	NOUN
easat-10161	89	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	9	pv	pv	NOUN
easat-10161	89	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	11	real	real	ADJ
easat-10161	89	12	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	89	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	14	𝑃	𝑃	NOUN
easat-10161	89	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	16	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	89	17	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	89	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	19	𝜃	𝜃	NOUN
easat-10161	89	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	21	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	89	22	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	89	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	24	𝑉	𝑉	PROPN
easat-10161	89	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	26	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	89	27	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	89	28	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	29	𝑃	𝑃	NOUN
easat-10161	89	30	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	31	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	89	32	/	/	SYM
easat-10161	89	33	generator	generator	NOUN
easat-10161	89	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	35	pq	pq	NOUN
easat-10161	89	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	37	real	real	ADJ
easat-10161	89	38	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	89	39	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	40	𝑃	𝑃	NOUN
easat-10161	89	41	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	42	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	89	43	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	89	44	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	45	𝜃	𝜃	NOUN
easat-10161	89	46	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	47	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	89	48	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	89	49	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	50	𝑄	𝑄	NOUN
easat-10161	89	51	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	52	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	89	53	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	89	54	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	55	𝑉	𝑉	PROPN
easat-10161	89	56	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	57	slack	slack	NOUN
easat-10161	89	58	/	/	SYM
easat-10161	89	59	reference	reference	NOUN
easat-10161	89	60	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	89	61	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	89	62	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	89	63	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	64	𝑉	𝑉	PROPN
easat-10161	89	65	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	66	real	real	ADJ
easat-10161	89	67	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	89	68	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	69	𝑃	𝑃	NOUN
easat-10161	89	70	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	71	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	89	72	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	89	73	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	74	𝜃	𝜃	NOUN
easat-10161	89	75	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	76	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	89	77	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	89	78	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	79	𝑄	𝑄	PROPN
easat-10161	89	80	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	89	81	if	if	SCONJ
easat-10161	89	82	the	the	DET
easat-10161	89	83	admittance	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	89	84	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	89	85	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	89	86	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	89	87	known	know	VERB
easat-10161	89	88	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	89	89	the	the	DET
easat-10161	89	90	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	89	91	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	89	92	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	89	93	consideration	consideration	NOUN
easat-10161	89	94	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	90	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	90	2	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10161	90	3	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	90	4	balance	balance	NOUN
easat-10161	90	5	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	90	6	any	any	DET
easat-10161	90	7	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	90	8	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	90	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	90	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	90	11	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	90	12	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	90	13	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	90	14	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	90	15	fikri	fikri	PROPN
easat-10161	90	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	90	17	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	90	18	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	90	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	91	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	91	2	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	91	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	91	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	92	1	𝑆𝑖	𝑆𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	92	2	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	92	3	𝑉𝑖𝐼𝑖	𝑉𝑖𝐼𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	92	4	∗	∗	NOUN
easat-10161	92	5	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	92	6	𝑆𝐺𝑖	𝑆𝐺𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	92	7	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	92	8	𝑆𝐿𝑖	𝑆𝐿𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	92	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	92	10	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	92	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	92	12	if	if	SCONJ
easat-10161	92	13	𝑉𝑏𝑢𝑠	𝑉𝑏𝑢𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	92	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	92	15	𝐼𝑏𝑢𝑠	𝐼𝑏𝑢𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	92	16	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	92	17	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	92	18	to	to	PART
easat-10161	92	19	represent	represent	VERB
easat-10161	92	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	92	21	vectors	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	92	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	92	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	92	24	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	92	25	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	92	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	92	27	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	92	28	injection	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	92	29	current	current	NOUN
easat-10161	92	30	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10161	92	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	92	32	the	the	DET
easat-10161	92	33	admittance	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	92	34	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	92	35	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	92	36	provides	provide	VERB
easat-10161	92	37	the	the	DET
easat-10161	92	38	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-10161	92	39	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	92	40	𝐼𝑏𝑢𝑠	𝐼𝑏𝑢𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	92	41	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	92	42	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	92	43	∙	∙	PROPN
easat-10161	92	44	𝑉𝑏𝑢𝑠.	𝑉𝑏𝑢𝑠.	PROPN
easat-10161	92	45	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	92	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	92	47	if	if	SCONJ
easat-10161	92	48	the	the	DET
easat-10161	92	49	𝑖𝑡ℎ	𝑖𝑡ℎ	NOUN
easat-10161	92	50	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	92	51	𝑗𝑡ℎ	𝑗𝑡ℎ	ADJ
easat-10161	92	52	entry	entry	NOUN
easat-10161	92	53	has	have	VERB
easat-10161	92	54	the	the	DET
easat-10161	92	55	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	92	56	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	92	57	𝑌𝑖𝑗	𝑌𝑖𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	92	58	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	92	59	the	the	DET
easat-10161	92	60	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	92	61	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	92	62	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	92	63	the	the	DET
easat-10161	92	64	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10161	92	65	γij	γij	NOUN
easat-10161	92	66	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	92	67	hence	hence	ADV
easat-10161	92	68	the	the	DET
easat-10161	92	69	sending	sending	NOUN
easat-10161	92	70	end	end	NOUN
easat-10161	92	71	current	current	ADJ
easat-10161	92	72	𝐼𝑖	𝐼𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	92	73	can	can	AUX
easat-10161	92	74	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	92	75	formulated	formulate	VERB
easat-10161	92	76	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	92	77	fikri	fikri	PROPN
easat-10161	92	78	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	92	79	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	92	80	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	92	81	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	93	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	93	2	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	93	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	93	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	1	𝐼𝑖	𝐼𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	94	2	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	3	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	4	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑗	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	94	5	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	94	6	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	7	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑗	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	94	8	<	<	X
easat-10161	94	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	10	𝛿𝑗	𝛿𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	94	11	+	+	X
easat-10161	94	12	𝛾𝑗)𝑗𝑗	𝛾𝑗)𝑗𝑗	NUM
easat-10161	94	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	14	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	94	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	16	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-10161	94	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	18	combining	combine	VERB
easat-10161	94	19	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	94	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	21	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	94	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	94	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	25	2	2	X
easat-10161	94	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	27	we	we	PRON
easat-10161	94	28	get	get	VERB
easat-10161	94	29	the	the	DET
easat-10161	94	30	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10161	94	31	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	94	32	balance	balance	NOUN
easat-10161	94	33	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	94	34	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	94	35	the	the	DET
easat-10161	94	36	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	94	37	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	94	38	fikri	fikri	PROPN
easat-10161	94	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	94	40	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	94	41	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	94	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	95	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	95	2	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	95	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	95	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	96	1	𝑆𝑖	𝑆𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	96	2	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	96	3	𝑆𝐺𝑖	𝑆𝐺𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	96	4	−	−	NOUN
easat-10161	96	5	𝑆𝐿𝑖	𝑆𝐿𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	96	6	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	96	7	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	96	8	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑗	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	96	9	<	<	X
easat-10161	96	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	96	11	𝛿𝑖	𝛿𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	96	12	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	96	13	𝛿𝑗	𝛿𝑗	PRON
easat-10161	96	14	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	96	15	𝛾𝑖𝑗)𝑁	𝛾𝑖𝑗)𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	96	16	𝑗=1	𝑗=1	PROPN
easat-10161	96	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	96	18	5	5	X
easat-10161	96	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	96	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	96	21	base	base	NOUN
easat-10161	96	22	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	96	23	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	96	24	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	96	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	96	26	representing	represent	VERB
easat-10161	96	27	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10161	96	28	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	96	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	96	30	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	96	31	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	96	32	balances	balance	NOUN
easat-10161	96	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	96	34	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	96	35	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	96	36	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	96	37	follows	follow	VERB
easat-10161	96	38	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	96	39	each	each	DET
easat-10161	96	40	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	96	41	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	96	42	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	96	43	the	the	DET
easat-10161	96	44	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	96	45	fikri	fikri	PROPN
easat-10161	96	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	96	47	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	96	48	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	96	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	97	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	97	2	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	97	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	97	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	1	𝑃𝑖	𝑃𝑖	ADP
easat-10161	98	2	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	3	𝑃𝐺𝑖	𝑃𝐺𝑖	ADJ
easat-10161	98	4	−	−	NOUN
easat-10161	98	5	𝑃𝐿𝑖	𝑃𝐿𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	6	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	98	7	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	8	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑗𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛿𝑖	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑗𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛿𝑖	X
easat-10161	98	9	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	98	10	𝛿𝑗	𝛿𝑗	PRON
easat-10161	98	11	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	98	12	𝛾𝑖𝑗)𝑁	𝛾𝑖𝑗)𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	98	13	𝑗=1	𝑗=1	PROPN
easat-10161	98	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	15	6	6	X
easat-10161	98	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	17	𝑄𝑖	𝑄𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	18	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	19	𝑄𝐺𝑖	𝑄𝐺𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	20	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	98	21	𝑄𝐿𝑖	𝑄𝐿𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	98	22	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	23	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	24	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑗𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛿𝑖	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑗𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛿𝑖	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	25	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	98	26	𝛿𝑗	𝛿𝑗	PRON
easat-10161	98	27	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	98	28	𝛾𝑖𝑗)𝑁	𝛾𝑖𝑗)𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	98	29	𝑗=1	𝑗=1	PROPN
easat-10161	98	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	31	7	7	X
easat-10161	98	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	33	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	98	34	𝑁	𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	98	35	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	98	36	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	37	number	number	NOUN
easat-10161	98	38	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	98	39	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	40	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	41	𝑃𝑖	𝑃𝑖	SCONJ
easat-10161	98	42	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	98	43	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	44	net	net	ADJ
easat-10161	98	45	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	98	46	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	98	47	injection	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	98	48	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	98	49	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	50	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	51	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	52	𝑄𝑖	𝑄𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	98	53	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	98	54	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	55	net	net	ADJ
easat-10161	98	56	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	98	57	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	98	58	injection	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	98	59	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	98	60	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	61	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	62	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	63	𝑃𝐺𝑖	𝑃𝐺𝑖	X
easat-10161	98	64	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	98	65	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	66	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	98	67	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	98	68	generated	generate	VERB
easat-10161	98	69	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	98	70	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	71	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	72	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	73	𝑃𝐿𝑖	𝑃𝐿𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	74	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	98	75	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	76	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	98	77	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	98	78	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	98	79	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	98	80	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	81	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	82	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	83	𝑄𝐺𝑖	𝑄𝐺𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	84	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	98	85	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	86	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	98	87	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	98	88	generated	generate	VERB
easat-10161	98	89	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	98	90	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	91	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	92	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	93	𝑄𝐿𝑖	𝑄𝐿𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	94	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	98	95	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	96	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	98	97	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	98	98	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	98	99	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	98	100	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	101	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	102	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	103	𝑉𝑖	𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	98	104	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	98	105	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	106	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	98	107	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	98	108	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	98	109	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	110	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	111	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	112	𝑉𝑗	𝑉𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	98	113	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	98	114	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	115	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	98	116	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	98	117	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	98	118	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	119	𝑗	𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	98	120	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	121	𝛿𝑖is	𝛿𝑖is	VERB
easat-10161	98	122	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	123	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	98	124	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10161	98	125	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	98	126	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	98	127	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	128	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	129	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	98	130	𝛿𝑗	𝛿𝑗	PRON
easat-10161	98	131	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	98	132	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	133	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	98	134	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10161	98	135	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	98	136	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	98	137	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	138	𝑗;𝑌𝑖𝑗	𝑗;𝑌𝑖𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	98	139	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	98	140	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	98	141	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	142	admittance	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	98	143	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	98	144	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	98	145	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	98	146	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	98	147	𝑗	𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	98	148	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	98	149	𝛾𝑖𝑗	𝛾𝑖𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	98	150	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	98	151	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	152	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10161	98	153	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	98	154	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	98	155	the	the	DET
easat-10161	98	156	admittance	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	98	157	𝑌𝑖𝑗	𝑌𝑖𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	98	158	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	99	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	99	2	admittance	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	99	3	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	99	4	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	99	5	can	can	AUX
easat-10161	99	6	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	99	7	constructed	construct	VERB
easat-10161	99	8	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	99	9	the	the	DET
easat-10161	99	10	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	99	11	parameters	parameter	NOUN
easat-10161	99	12	𝑟	𝑟	NOUN
easat-10161	99	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	99	14	𝑥	𝑥	PROPN
easat-10161	99	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	99	16	𝑏	𝑏	PROPN
easat-10161	99	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	99	18	each	each	DET
easat-10161	99	19	branch	branch	NOUN
easat-10161	99	20	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	99	21	the	the	DET
easat-10161	99	22	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	99	23	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	99	24	buragohain	buragohain	NOUN
easat-10161	99	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	99	26	boruah	boruah	NOUN
easat-10161	99	27	[	[	X
easat-10161	99	28	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	99	29	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	99	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	100	1	𝑌𝑖𝑗	𝑌𝑖𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	100	2	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	100	3	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	100	4	𝑟𝑖𝑗+𝑗𝑥𝑖𝑗	𝑟𝑖𝑗+𝑗𝑥𝑖𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	100	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	100	6	8)	8)	NUM
easat-10161	100	7	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	100	8	𝑟𝑖𝑗	𝑟𝑖𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	100	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	100	10	𝑥𝑖𝑗	𝑥𝑖𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	100	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	100	12	𝑏𝑖𝑗	𝑏𝑖𝑗	ADV
easat-10161	100	13	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	100	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	100	15	resistance	resistance	NOUN
easat-10161	100	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	100	17	reactance	reactance	NOUN
easat-10161	100	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	100	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	100	20	shunt	shunt	NOUN
easat-10161	100	21	susceptance	susceptance	NOUN
easat-10161	100	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	100	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	100	24	branch	branch	NOUN
easat-10161	100	25	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	100	26	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	100	27	𝑖	𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	100	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	100	29	𝑗	𝑗	INTJ
easat-10161	100	30	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	100	31	fault	fault	NOUN
easat-10161	100	32	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	100	33	modeling	modeling	NOUN
easat-10161	100	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	100	35	the	the	DET
easat-10161	100	36	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	100	37	's	's	PART
easat-10161	100	38	admittance	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	100	39	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	100	40	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	100	41	modified	modify	VERB
easat-10161	100	42	to	to	PART
easat-10161	100	43	reflect	reflect	VERB
easat-10161	100	44	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	100	45	outages	outage	NOUN
easat-10161	100	46	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	100	47	fault	fault	VERB
easat-10161	100	48	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	100	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	101	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	101	2	faulted	fault	VERB
easat-10161	101	3	admittance	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	101	4	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	101	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	101	6	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	101	7	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	101	8	buragohain	buragohain	NOUN
easat-10161	101	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	101	10	boruah	boruah	NOUN
easat-10161	101	11	[	[	X
easat-10161	101	12	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	101	13	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	101	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	102	1	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	102	2	𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡	𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡	VERB
easat-10161	102	3	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	102	4	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	𝑌𝑏𝑢𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	102	5	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	102	6	∆𝑌𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒	∆𝑌𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒	NOUN
easat-10161	102	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	102	8	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	102	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	102	10	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	102	11	∆𝑌𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒	∆𝑌𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒	NOUN
easat-10161	102	12	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	102	13	the	the	DET
easat-10161	102	14	admittance	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	102	15	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	102	16	the	the	DET
easat-10161	102	17	faulted	fault	VERB
easat-10161	102	18	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	102	19	whose	whose	DET
easat-10161	102	20	modification	modification	NOUN
easat-10161	102	21	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
easat-10161	102	22	affects	affect	VERB
easat-10161	102	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	102	24	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	102	25	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	102	26	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	102	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	102	28	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	102	29	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
easat-10161	102	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	103	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	103	2	resulting	result	VERB
easat-10161	103	3	non	non	ADJ
easat-10161	103	4	algebraic	algebraic	PROPN
easat-10161	103	5	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	103	6	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	103	7	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	103	8	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	103	9	solved	solve	VERB
easat-10161	103	10	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	103	11	various	various	ADJ
easat-10161	103	12	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	103	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	103	14	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	103	15	to	to	PART
easat-10161	103	16	provide	provide	VERB
easat-10161	103	17	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-10161	103	18	information	information	NOUN
easat-10161	103	19	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	103	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	103	21	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	103	22	/	/	SYM
easat-10161	103	23	state	state	NOUN
easat-10161	103	24	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	103	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	103	26	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	103	27	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	103	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	104	1	1538	1538	NUM
easat-10161	104	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	104	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	104	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	104	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	104	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	104	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	104	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	104	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	104	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	104	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	104	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	104	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	105	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	105	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	105	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	105	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	105	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	105	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	105	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	105	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	105	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	105	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	105	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	105	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	105	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	105	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	105	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	105	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	105	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	105	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	105	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	105	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	105	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	105	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	105	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	105	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	105	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	105	26	2.4	2.4	NUM
easat-10161	105	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	106	1	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	106	2	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	106	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	106	4	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	106	5	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
easat-10161	106	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	106	7	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	106	8	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	106	9	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	106	10	nr	nr	PROPN
easat-10161	106	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	106	12	gs	gs	NOUN
easat-10161	106	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	106	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	106	15	fdlf	fdlf	NOUN
easat-10161	106	16	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	106	17	been	be	AUX
easat-10161	106	18	extensively	extensively	ADV
easat-10161	106	19	employed	employ	VERB
easat-10161	106	20	due	due	ADP
easat-10161	106	21	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	106	22	their	their	PRON
easat-10161	106	23	proven	prove	VERB
easat-10161	106	24	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-10161	106	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	106	26	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
easat-10161	106	27	rigor	rigor	NOUN
easat-10161	106	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	107	1	these	these	DET
easat-10161	107	2	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-10161	107	3	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-10161	107	4	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	107	5	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-10161	107	6	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-10161	107	7	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	107	8	steady	steady	ADJ
easat-10161	107	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	107	10	state	state	NOUN
easat-10161	107	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	107	12	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	107	13	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-10161	107	14	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	107	15	grids	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	107	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	107	17	offering	offer	VERB
easat-10161	107	18	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
easat-10161	107	19	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	107	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	107	21	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10161	107	22	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10161	107	23	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	107	24	normal	normal	ADJ
easat-10161	107	25	operating	operating	NOUN
easat-10161	107	26	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	107	27	[	[	X
easat-10161	107	28	27	27	NUM
easat-10161	107	29	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	107	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	108	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10161	108	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	108	3	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	108	4	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	108	5	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	108	6	evolve	evolve	VERB
easat-10161	108	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	108	8	these	these	DET
easat-10161	108	9	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	108	10	often	often	ADV
easat-10161	108	11	face	face	VERB
easat-10161	108	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-10161	108	13	related	relate	VERB
easat-10161	108	14	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	108	15	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	108	16	speed	speed	NOUN
easat-10161	108	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	108	18	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
easat-10161	108	19	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	108	20	initial	initial	ADJ
easat-10161	108	21	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	108	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	108	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	108	24	handling	handling	NOUN
easat-10161	108	25	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	108	26	nonlinearities	nonlinearitie	NOUN
easat-10161	108	27	[	[	X
easat-10161	108	28	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	108	29	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	108	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	109	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
easat-10161	109	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	109	3	since	since	SCONJ
easat-10161	109	4	most	most	ADJ
easat-10161	109	5	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-10161	109	6	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	109	7	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	109	8	data	data	NOUN
easat-10161	109	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	109	10	driven	drive	VERB
easat-10161	109	11	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	109	12	that	that	PRON
easat-10161	109	13	require	require	VERB
easat-10161	109	14	a	a	DET
easat-10161	109	15	substantial	substantial	ADJ
easat-10161	109	16	amount	amount	NOUN
easat-10161	109	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	109	18	high	high	ADJ
easat-10161	109	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	109	20	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-10161	109	21	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	109	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	109	23	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	109	24	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	109	25	to	to	PART
easat-10161	109	26	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10161	109	27	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10161	109	28	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-10161	109	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	109	30	the	the	DET
easat-10161	109	31	nr	nr	NOUN
easat-10161	109	32	method	method	NOUN
easat-10161	109	33	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	109	34	often	often	ADV
easat-10161	109	35	employed	employ	VERB
easat-10161	109	36	to	to	PART
easat-10161	109	37	generate	generate	VERB
easat-10161	109	38	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10161	109	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	109	40	reliable	reliable	ADJ
easat-10161	109	41	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	109	42	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	109	43	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	109	44	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	109	45	various	various	ADJ
easat-10161	109	46	operating	operating	NOUN
easat-10161	109	47	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	109	48	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	110	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	110	2	nr	nr	PROPN
easat-10161	110	3	method	method	NOUN
easat-10161	110	4	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	110	5	preferred	prefer	VERB
easat-10161	110	6	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	110	7	this	this	DET
easat-10161	110	8	task	task	NOUN
easat-10161	110	9	due	due	ADP
easat-10161	110	10	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	110	11	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	110	12	high	high	ADJ
easat-10161	110	13	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-10161	110	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	110	15	fast	fast	ADJ
easat-10161	110	16	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	110	17	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10161	110	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	110	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	110	20	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10161	110	21	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	110	22	handling	handle	VERB
easat-10161	110	23	large	large	ADJ
easat-10161	110	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	110	25	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-10161	110	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	110	27	non	non	ADJ
easat-10161	110	28	-	-	ADJ
easat-10161	110	29	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-10161	110	30	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	110	31	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	111	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	111	2	3	3	X
easat-10161	111	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	111	4	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	111	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	111	6	nr	nr	NOUN
easat-10161	111	7	technique	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	111	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	111	9	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	111	10	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	111	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	111	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	111	13	the	the	DET
easat-10161	111	14	most	most	ADV
easat-10161	111	15	important	important	ADJ
easat-10161	111	16	expressions	expression	NOUN
easat-10161	111	17	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	111	18	those	those	PRON
easat-10161	111	19	that	that	PRON
easat-10161	111	20	relate	relate	VERB
easat-10161	111	21	the	the	DET
easat-10161	111	22	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	111	23	mismatch	mismatch	NOUN
easat-10161	111	24	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	111	25	each	each	DET
easat-10161	111	26	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	111	27	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	111	28	the	the	DET
easat-10161	111	29	jacobian	jacobian	ADJ
easat-10161	111	30	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	111	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	111	32	the	the	DET
easat-10161	111	33	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	111	34	deviations	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	111	35	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	111	36	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	111	37	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	111	38	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	111	39	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	111	40	10	10	NUM
easat-10161	111	41	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	111	42	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	111	43	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	111	44	13	13	NUM
easat-10161	111	45	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	111	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	112	1	these	these	DET
easat-10161	112	2	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	112	3	form	form	VERB
easat-10161	112	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	112	5	core	core	NOUN
easat-10161	112	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	112	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	112	8	iterative	iterative	NOUN
easat-10161	112	9	update	update	NOUN
easat-10161	112	10	process	process	NOUN
easat-10161	112	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	112	12	the	the	DET
easat-10161	112	13	nr	nr	NOUN
easat-10161	112	14	technique	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	112	15	[	[	X
easat-10161	112	16	19	19	NUM
easat-10161	112	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	112	18	29	29	NUM
easat-10161	112	19	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	112	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	113	1	[	[	PUNCT
easat-10161	113	2	∆𝑃	∆𝑃	NOUN
easat-10161	113	3	∆𝑄	∆𝑄	NOUN
easat-10161	113	4	]	]	X
easat-10161	114	1	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	115	1	[	[	PUNCT
easat-10161	115	2	𝐽1	𝐽1	NOUN
easat-10161	115	3	𝐽2	𝐽2	PROPN
easat-10161	115	4	𝐽3	𝐽3	PROPN
easat-10161	115	5	𝐽4	𝐽4	PROPN
easat-10161	115	6	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	116	1	[	[	PUNCT
easat-10161	116	2	∆𝛿	∆𝛿	PROPN
easat-10161	116	3	∆|𝑉|	∆|𝑉|	PROPN
easat-10161	116	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	116	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	116	6	10	10	NUM
easat-10161	116	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	117	1	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	117	2	∆𝑃	∆𝑃	NOUN
easat-10161	117	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	117	4	∆𝑄	∆𝑄	PROPN
easat-10161	117	5	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	117	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	117	7	mismatch	mismatch	ADJ
easat-10161	117	8	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	117	9	residual	residual	ADJ
easat-10161	117	10	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	117	11	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	117	12	∆|𝑉|	∆|𝑉|	PROPN
easat-10161	117	13	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	117	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	117	15	change	change	NOUN
easat-10161	117	16	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	117	17	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	117	18	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	117	19	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	117	20	∆𝛿	∆𝛿	NOUN
easat-10161	117	21	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	117	22	the	the	DET
easat-10161	117	23	change	change	NOUN
easat-10161	117	24	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	117	25	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	117	26	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	117	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	117	28	𝐽	𝐽	PROPN
easat-10161	117	29	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	117	30	a	a	DET
easat-10161	117	31	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	117	32	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	117	33	partial	partial	ADJ
easat-10161	117	34	derivatives	derivative	NOUN
easat-10161	117	35	known	know	VERB
easat-10161	117	36	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	117	37	a	a	DET
easat-10161	117	38	jacobian	jacobian	NOUN
easat-10161	117	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	118	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	118	2	jacobian	jacobian	ADJ
easat-10161	118	3	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	118	4	j	j	PROPN
easat-10161	118	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	118	6	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	118	7	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	118	8	efe	efe	NOUN
easat-10161	118	9	[	[	X
easat-10161	118	10	19	19	NUM
easat-10161	118	11	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	118	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	119	1	𝐽	𝐽	PROPN
easat-10161	119	2	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	120	1	[	[	PUNCT
easat-10161	120	2	𝜕𝑃	𝜕𝑃	PROPN
easat-10161	120	3	𝜕𝛿	𝜕𝛿	NOUN
easat-10161	120	4	𝜕𝑃	𝜕𝑃	X
easat-10161	120	5	𝜕|𝑉𝑖|	𝜕|𝑉𝑖|	NOUN
easat-10161	120	6	𝜕𝑄	𝜕𝑄	NUM
easat-10161	120	7	𝜕𝛿	𝜕𝛿	NOUN
easat-10161	120	8	𝜕𝑄	𝜕𝑄	SYM
easat-10161	120	9	𝜕|𝑉𝑖|	𝜕|𝑉𝑖|	NOUN
easat-10161	120	10	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	120	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	120	12	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	120	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	120	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	120	15	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	120	16	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	120	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	120	18	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10161	120	19	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	120	20	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	120	21	updated	update	VERB
easat-10161	120	22	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	120	23	follows	follow	VERB
easat-10161	120	24	efe	efe	NOUN
easat-10161	120	25	[	[	X
easat-10161	120	26	19	19	NUM
easat-10161	120	27	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	120	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	1	𝛿𝑖	𝛿𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	121	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	3	𝐾+1	𝐾+1	PROPN
easat-10161	121	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	5	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	121	6	𝛿𝑖	𝛿𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	121	7	𝐾	𝐾	PROPN
easat-10161	121	8	+	+	PROPN
easat-10161	121	9	∆𝛿𝑖	∆𝛿𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	121	10	𝐾	𝐾	PROPN
easat-10161	121	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	12	12	12	NUM
easat-10161	121	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	14	|𝑉𝑖	|𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	121	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	16	𝐾+1	𝐾+1	PROPN
easat-10161	121	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	18	|	|	NOUN
easat-10161	121	19	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	20	|𝑉𝑖	|𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	121	21	𝐾|	𝐾|	NOUN
easat-10161	121	22	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	121	23	∆|𝑉𝑖	∆|𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	121	24	𝐾|	𝐾|	NOUN
easat-10161	121	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	26	13	13	NUM
easat-10161	121	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	28	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	121	29	∆𝛿𝑖	∆𝛿𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	121	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	31	𝑘	𝑘	NOUN
easat-10161	121	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	33	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	121	34	the	the	DET
easat-10161	121	35	change	change	NOUN
easat-10161	121	36	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	121	37	calculated	calculated	ADJ
easat-10161	121	38	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	121	39	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	40	∆|𝑉𝑖	∆|𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	121	41	𝐾|	𝐾|	PROPN
easat-10161	121	42	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	121	43	the	the	DET
easat-10161	121	44	difference	difference	NOUN
easat-10161	121	45	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	121	46	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	121	47	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	121	48	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	121	49	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	121	50	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	121	51	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	52	|𝑉𝑖	|𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	121	53	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	54	𝑘	𝑘	NOUN
easat-10161	121	55	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	56	|	|	ADV
easat-10161	121	57	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	121	58	the	the	DET
easat-10161	121	59	most	most	ADV
easat-10161	121	60	recently	recently	ADV
easat-10161	121	61	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	121	62	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	121	63	value	value	NOUN
easat-10161	121	64	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	121	65	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	121	66	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	121	67	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	68	𝐾	𝐾	PROPN
easat-10161	121	69	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	121	70	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	71	𝐾	𝐾	PROPN
easat-10161	121	72	+	+	NOUN
easat-10161	121	73	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	121	74	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	121	75	denote	denote	VERB
easat-10161	121	76	previous	previous	ADJ
easat-10161	121	77	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	121	78	next	next	ADJ
easat-10161	121	79	iteration	iteration	NOUN
easat-10161	121	80	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10161	121	81	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	122	1	2.5	2.5	NUM
easat-10161	122	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	123	1	overview	overview	NOUN
easat-10161	123	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	123	3	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-10161	123	4	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	123	5	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	123	6	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-10161	123	7	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	123	8	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	123	9	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	123	10	become	become	VERB
easat-10161	123	11	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	123	12	influential	influential	ADJ
easat-10161	123	13	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-10161	123	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	123	15	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
easat-10161	123	16	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	123	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	123	18	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-10161	123	19	fields	field	NOUN
easat-10161	123	20	because	because	SCONJ
easat-10161	123	21	they	they	PRON
easat-10161	123	22	provide	provide	VERB
easat-10161	123	23	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	123	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	123	25	driven	drive	VERB
easat-10161	123	26	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	123	27	that	that	PRON
easat-10161	123	28	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-10161	123	29	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	123	30	even	even	ADV
easat-10161	123	31	outperform	outperform	VERB
easat-10161	123	32	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-10161	123	33	analytic	analytic	ADJ
easat-10161	123	34	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
easat-10161	123	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	124	1	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-10161	124	2	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	124	3	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	124	4	capable	capable	ADJ
easat-10161	124	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	124	6	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	124	7	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10161	124	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	124	9	correlations	correlation	NOUN
easat-10161	124	10	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	124	11	historical	historical	ADJ
easat-10161	124	12	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	124	13	to	to	PART
easat-10161	124	14	make	make	VERB
easat-10161	124	15	correct	correct	ADJ
easat-10161	124	16	predictions	prediction	NOUN
easat-10161	124	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	124	18	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10161	124	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	124	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	124	21	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-10161	124	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	124	23	making	make	VERB
easat-10161	124	24	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-10161	124	25	possible	possible	ADJ
easat-10161	124	26	without	without	ADP
easat-10161	124	27	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10161	124	28	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
easat-10161	124	29	rigor	rigor	NOUN
easat-10161	125	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	125	2	27	27	NUM
easat-10161	125	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	125	4	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	125	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	125	6	31	31	NUM
easat-10161	125	7	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	125	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	126	1	these	these	DET
easat-10161	126	2	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	126	3	have	have	VERB
easat-10161	126	4	a	a	DET
easat-10161	126	5	broad	broad	ADJ
easat-10161	126	6	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
easat-10161	126	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	126	8	ranging	range	VERB
easat-10161	126	9	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	126	10	supervised	supervised	ADJ
easat-10161	126	11	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	126	12	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	126	13	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	126	14	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	126	15	linear	linear	PROPN
easat-10161	126	16	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-10161	126	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	126	18	support	support	VERB
easat-10161	126	19	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	126	20	machines	machine	NOUN
easat-10161	126	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	126	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	126	23	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	126	24	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	126	25	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	126	26	unsupervised	unsupervised	ADJ
easat-10161	126	27	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	126	28	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	126	29	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	126	30	k	k	NOUN
easat-10161	126	31	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	126	32	means	mean	VERB
easat-10161	126	33	clustering	clustering	NOUN
easat-10161	126	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	126	35	principal	principal	ADJ
easat-10161	126	36	component	component	NOUN
easat-10161	126	37	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	126	38	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	126	39	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
easat-10161	126	40	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	126	41	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	126	42	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	126	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	127	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	127	2	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
easat-10161	127	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	127	4	scalability	scalability	NOUN
easat-10161	127	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	127	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	127	7	capacity	capacity	NOUN
easat-10161	127	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	127	9	real	real	ADJ
easat-10161	127	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	127	11	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	127	12	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10161	127	13	make	make	VERB
easat-10161	127	14	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-10161	127	15	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	127	16	indispensable	indispensable	ADJ
easat-10161	127	17	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	127	18	addressing	address	VERB
easat-10161	127	19	emerging	emerge	VERB
easat-10161	127	20	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-10161	127	21	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	127	22	smart	smart	ADJ
easat-10161	127	23	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	127	24	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	127	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	127	26	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
easat-10161	127	27	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN
easat-10161	127	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	127	29	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-10161	127	30	forecasting	forecasting	NOUN
easat-10161	127	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	127	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	127	33	beyond	beyond	ADP
easat-10161	127	34	[	[	X
easat-10161	127	35	31	31	NUM
easat-10161	127	36	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	127	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	128	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	128	2	ml	ml	PROPN
easat-10161	128	3	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	128	4	considered	consider	VERB
easat-10161	128	5	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	128	6	investigation	investigation	NOUN
easat-10161	128	7	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	128	8	this	this	DET
easat-10161	128	9	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	128	10	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	128	11	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	128	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	128	13	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	128	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	128	15	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	128	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	129	1	a	a	DET
easat-10161	129	2	brief	brief	ADJ
easat-10161	129	3	description	description	NOUN
easat-10161	129	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	129	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	129	6	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
easat-10161	129	7	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	129	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	129	9	each	each	PRON
easat-10161	129	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	129	11	these	these	DET
easat-10161	129	12	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	129	13	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	129	14	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
easat-10161	129	15	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	129	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	130	1	1539	1539	NUM
easat-10161	130	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	130	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	130	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	130	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	130	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	130	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	130	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	130	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	130	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	130	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	130	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	130	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	131	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	131	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	131	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	131	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	131	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	131	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	131	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	131	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	131	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	131	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	131	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	131	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	131	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	131	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	131	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	131	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	131	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	131	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	131	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	131	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	131	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	131	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	131	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	131	24	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-10161	131	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	131	26	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-10161	131	27	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	131	28	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	131	29	supervised	supervise	VERB
easat-10161	131	30	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	131	31	unsupervised	unsupervised	ADJ
easat-10161	131	32	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	131	33	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
easat-10161	131	34	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	131	35	l	l	PROPN
easat-10161	131	36	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	131	37	e	e	PROPN
easat-10161	131	38	a	a	DET
easat-10161	131	39	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	131	40	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	131	41	e	e	NOUN
easat-10161	131	42	g	g	NOUN
easat-10161	131	43	re	re	PROPN
easat-10161	131	44	s	s	PROPN
easat-10161	131	45	sio	sio	PROPN
easat-10161	131	46	n	n	PROPN
easat-10161	131	47	s	s	PROPN
easat-10161	131	48	u	u	NOUN
easat-10161	131	49	p	p	NOUN
easat-10161	131	50	p	p	X
easat-10161	131	51	o	o	X
easat-10161	131	52	rt	rt	NOUN
easat-10161	131	53	v	v	X
easat-10161	131	54	e	e	X
easat-10161	131	55	cto	cto	PROPN
easat-10161	131	56	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	131	57	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	131	58	a	a	DET
easat-10161	131	59	ch	ch	NOUN
easat-10161	131	60	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	131	61	e	e	PROPN
easat-10161	131	62	s	s	PART
easat-10161	131	63	n	n	PRON
easat-10161	131	64	e	e	NOUN
easat-10161	131	65	u	u	NOUN
easat-10161	131	66	ra	ra	PROPN
easat-10161	131	67	l	l	NOUN
easat-10161	131	68	n	n	ADP
easat-10161	132	1	e	e	X
easat-10161	132	2	tw	tw	NOUN
easat-10161	132	3	o	o	INTJ
easat-10161	133	1	rk	rk	NOUN
easat-10161	133	2	s	s	PART
easat-10161	133	3	q	q	ADJ
easat-10161	133	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	133	5	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	133	6	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
easat-10161	133	7	clustering	clustering	NOUN
easat-10161	133	8	k	k	PROPN
easat-10161	133	9	-m	-m	PUNCT
easat-10161	133	10	e	e	X
easat-10161	133	11	a	a	PROPN
easat-10161	133	12	n	n	NOUN
easat-10161	133	13	s	s	NOUN
easat-10161	133	14	c	c	X
easat-10161	133	15	lu	lu	NOUN
easat-10161	133	16	s	s	PROPN
easat-10161	133	17	te	te	PROPN
easat-10161	133	18	rin	rin	NOUN
easat-10161	133	19	g	g	PROPN
easat-10161	133	20	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	133	21	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	133	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	133	23	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10161	133	24	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	133	25	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-10161	133	26	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	133	27	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	133	28	alnuaimi	alnuaimi	NOUN
easat-10161	133	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	133	30	albaldawi	albaldawi	ADJ
easat-10161	133	31	[	[	X
easat-10161	133	32	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	133	33	]	]	SYM
easat-10161	133	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	134	1	2.5.1	2.5.1	NUM
easat-10161	134	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	135	1	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	135	2	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	135	3	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	135	4	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	135	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	135	6	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	135	7	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	135	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	135	9	common	common	ADJ
easat-10161	135	10	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-10161	135	11	technique	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	135	12	modeled	model	VERB
easat-10161	135	13	to	to	PART
easat-10161	135	14	process	process	VERB
easat-10161	135	15	information	information	NOUN
easat-10161	135	16	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	135	17	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	135	18	the	the	DET
easat-10161	135	19	biological	biological	ADJ
easat-10161	135	20	brain	brain	NOUN
easat-10161	135	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	136	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	136	2	consists	consist	VERB
easat-10161	136	3	essentially	essentially	ADV
easat-10161	136	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	136	5	several	several	ADJ
easat-10161	136	6	interconnected	interconnected	ADJ
easat-10161	136	7	functional	functional	ADJ
easat-10161	136	8	units	unit	NOUN
easat-10161	136	9	generally	generally	ADV
easat-10161	136	10	referred	refer	VERB
easat-10161	136	11	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	136	12	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	136	13	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	136	14	neurons	neuron	NOUN
easat-10161	136	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	137	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	137	2	neuron	neuron	NOUN
easat-10161	137	3	receives	receive	VERB
easat-10161	137	4	numerical	numerical	ADJ
easat-10161	137	5	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-10161	137	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	137	7	processes	process	VERB
easat-10161	137	8	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	137	9	internally	internally	ADV
easat-10161	137	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	137	11	produces	produce	VERB
easat-10161	137	12	an	an	DET
easat-10161	137	13	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	137	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	138	1	these	these	DET
easat-10161	138	2	neurons	neuron	NOUN
easat-10161	138	3	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	138	4	arranged	arrange	VERB
easat-10161	138	5	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	138	6	a	a	DET
easat-10161	138	7	layered	layered	ADJ
easat-10161	138	8	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-10161	138	9	to	to	PART
easat-10161	138	10	form	form	VERB
easat-10161	138	11	a	a	DET
easat-10161	138	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	138	13	capable	capable	ADJ
easat-10161	138	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	138	15	executing	execute	VERB
easat-10161	138	16	parallel	parallel	ADJ
easat-10161	138	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	138	18	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-10161	138	19	computations	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	138	20	[	[	X
easat-10161	138	21	32	32	NUM
easat-10161	138	22	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	138	23	34	34	NUM
easat-10161	138	24	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	138	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	139	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	139	2	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10161	139	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	139	4	a	a	DET
easat-10161	139	5	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10161	139	6	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	139	7	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	139	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	139	9	three	three	NUM
easat-10161	139	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	139	11	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	139	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	139	13	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	139	14	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	139	15	shown	show	VERB
easat-10161	139	16	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	139	17	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	139	18	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	139	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	139	20	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	139	21	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	139	22	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	139	23	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10161	139	24	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10161	139	25	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	139	26	a	a	DET
easat-10161	139	27	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	139	28	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	139	29	layered	layer	VERB
easat-10161	139	30	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	139	31	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	139	32	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	139	33	xue	xue	PROPN
easat-10161	139	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	139	35	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	139	36	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	139	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	140	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	140	2	17	17	NUM
easat-10161	140	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	140	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	141	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	141	2	each	each	DET
easat-10161	141	3	neuron	neuron	NOUN
easat-10161	141	4	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	141	5	𝑙	𝑙	DET
easat-10161	141	6	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	141	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	141	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	141	9	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	141	10	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	141	11	a	a	DET
easat-10161	141	12	weighted	weighted	ADJ
easat-10161	141	13	sum	sum	NOUN
easat-10161	141	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	141	15	the	the	DET
easat-10161	141	16	outputs	output	NOUN
easat-10161	141	17	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	141	18	the	the	DET
easat-10161	141	19	previous	previous	ADJ
easat-10161	141	20	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	141	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	141	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	141	23	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	141	24	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	141	25	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	141	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	141	27	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-10161	141	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	141	29	the	the	DET
easat-10161	141	30	weighted	weight	VERB
easat-10161	141	31	sum	sum	NOUN
easat-10161	141	32	can	can	AUX
easat-10161	141	33	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	141	34	computed	compute	VERB
easat-10161	141	35	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	141	36	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	141	37	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	141	38	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	141	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	142	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	142	2	34	34	NUM
easat-10161	142	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	142	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	143	1	1540	1540	NUM
easat-10161	143	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	143	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	143	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	143	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	143	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	143	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	143	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	143	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	143	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	143	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	143	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	143	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	144	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	144	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	144	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	144	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	144	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	144	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	144	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	144	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	144	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	144	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	144	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	144	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	144	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	144	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	144	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	144	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	144	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	144	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	144	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	144	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	144	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	144	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	144	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	144	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	144	25	gate	gate	VERB
easat-10161	144	26	𝑧𝑗	𝑧𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	144	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	144	28	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	144	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	144	30	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	144	31	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	144	32	𝜔𝑗𝑖	𝜔𝑗𝑖	X
easat-10161	144	33	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	144	34	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	144	35	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	144	36	𝑎𝑖	𝑎𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	144	37	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	144	38	𝑙−1	𝑙−1	PROPN
easat-10161	144	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	1	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	145	2	𝑏𝑗	𝑏𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	145	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	4	𝑙)𝑚(𝑙−1	𝑙)𝑚(𝑙−1	X
easat-10161	145	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	6	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	8	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	145	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	10	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	145	11	𝑧𝑗	𝑧𝑗	INTJ
easat-10161	145	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	13	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	145	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	15	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	145	16	the	the	DET
easat-10161	145	17	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	145	18	to	to	PART
easat-10161	145	19	neuron	neuron	VERB
easat-10161	145	20	𝑗	𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	145	21	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	145	22	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	145	23	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	145	24	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	25	𝜔𝑗𝑖	𝜔𝑗𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	145	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	27	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	145	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	29	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	145	30	the	the	DET
easat-10161	145	31	weight	weight	NOUN
easat-10161	145	32	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	145	33	neuron	neuron	PROPN
easat-10161	145	34	𝑖	𝑖	SYM
easat-10161	145	35	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	145	36	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	145	37	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	38	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	145	39	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	145	40	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	145	41	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	42	to	to	PART
easat-10161	145	43	neuron	neuron	VERB
easat-10161	145	44	𝑗	𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	145	45	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	145	46	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	145	47	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	145	48	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	49	𝑎𝑖	𝑎𝑖	PRON
easat-10161	145	50	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	51	𝑙−1	𝑙−1	PROPN
easat-10161	145	52	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	53	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	145	54	the	the	DET
easat-10161	145	55	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10161	145	56	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	145	57	neuron	neuron	PROPN
easat-10161	145	58	𝑖	𝑖	X
easat-10161	145	59	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	145	60	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	145	61	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	62	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	145	63	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	145	64	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	145	65	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	66	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	145	67	𝑏𝑗	𝑏𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	145	68	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	69	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	145	70	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	71	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	145	72	the	the	DET
easat-10161	145	73	bias	bias	NOUN
easat-10161	145	74	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	145	75	neuron	neuron	PROPN
easat-10161	145	76	𝑗	𝑗	X
easat-10161	145	77	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	145	78	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	145	79	𝑙	𝑙	PRON
easat-10161	145	80	the	the	DET
easat-10161	145	81	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10161	145	82	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	145	83	transforms	transform	VERB
easat-10161	145	84	the	the	DET
easat-10161	145	85	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	145	86	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	145	87	the	the	DET
easat-10161	145	88	neuron	neuron	NOUN
easat-10161	145	89	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	145	90	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	145	91	non	non	ADJ
easat-10161	145	92	-	-	ADJ
easat-10161	145	93	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-10161	145	94	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	145	95	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	96	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	145	97	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	145	98	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	145	99	computed	compute	VERB
easat-10161	145	100	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	145	101	aydin	aydin	NOUN
easat-10161	145	102	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	145	103	gümüş	gümüş	NOUN
easat-10161	145	104	[	[	X
easat-10161	145	105	34	34	NUM
easat-10161	145	106	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	145	107	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	1	𝑎𝑗	𝑎𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	146	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	3	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	146	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	5	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	146	6	𝜎	𝜎	PROPN
easat-10161	146	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	8	𝑧𝑗	𝑧𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	146	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	10	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	146	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	14	15	15	X
easat-10161	146	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	16	the	the	DET
easat-10161	146	17	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	146	18	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	146	19	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	146	20	defines	define	VERB
easat-10161	146	21	the	the	DET
easat-10161	146	22	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	146	23	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	146	24	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	146	25	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	146	26	𝑥	𝑥	PROPN
easat-10161	146	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	146	28	actual	actual	ADJ
easat-10161	146	29	target	target	NOUN
easat-10161	146	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	31	𝑥𝑖	𝑥𝑖	PRON
easat-10161	146	32	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	146	33	computed	compute	VERB
easat-10161	146	34	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	146	35	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	146	36	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	37	16	16	NUM
easat-10161	146	38	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	146	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	147	1	ℒ𝐴𝑁𝑁	ℒ𝐴𝑁𝑁	NOUN
easat-10161	147	2	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	147	3	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	147	4	𝑡𝑠	𝑡𝑠	VERB
easat-10161	147	5	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	147	6	|𝑥	|𝑥	ADP
easat-10161	147	7	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	147	8	𝑥𝑖|2𝑡𝑠	𝑥𝑖|2𝑡𝑠	NOUN
easat-10161	147	9	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PROPN
easat-10161	147	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	147	11	16	16	NUM
easat-10161	147	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	147	13	generally	generally	ADV
easat-10161	147	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	147	15	the	the	DET
easat-10161	147	16	chain	chain	NOUN
easat-10161	147	17	rule	rule	NOUN
easat-10161	147	18	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	147	19	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	147	20	to	to	PART
easat-10161	147	21	compute	compute	VERB
easat-10161	147	22	derivatives	derivative	NOUN
easat-10161	147	23	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	147	24	the	the	DET
easat-10161	147	25	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	147	26	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	147	27	respect	respect	NOUN
easat-10161	147	28	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	147	29	weights	weight	NOUN
easat-10161	147	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	147	31	biases	bias	NOUN
easat-10161	147	32	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	147	33	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	147	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	147	35	17	17	NUM
easat-10161	147	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	148	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	148	2	34	34	NUM
easat-10161	148	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	148	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	149	1	𝜕ℒ	𝜕ℒ	X
easat-10161	149	2	𝜕𝜔𝑗𝑖	𝜕𝜔𝑗𝑖	VERB
easat-10161	149	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	149	4	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	149	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	149	6	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	149	7	𝜕ℒ	𝜕ℒ	PROPN
easat-10161	149	8	𝜕𝑎𝑗	𝜕𝑎𝑗	PUNCT
easat-10161	149	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	149	10	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	149	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	149	12	∙	∙	PROPN
easat-10161	149	13	𝜕𝑎𝑗	𝜕𝑎𝑗	PUNCT
easat-10161	149	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	149	15	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	149	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	149	17	𝜕𝑧𝑗	𝜕𝑧𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	150	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	2	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	150	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	4	∙	∙	NOUN
easat-10161	150	5	𝜕𝑧𝑗	𝜕𝑧𝑗	X
easat-10161	150	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	7	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	150	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	9	𝜕𝜔𝑗𝑖	𝜕𝜔𝑗𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	150	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	11	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	150	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	14	17	17	NUM
easat-10161	150	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	16	finally	finally	ADV
easat-10161	150	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	18	the	the	DET
easat-10161	150	19	weights	weight	NOUN
easat-10161	150	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	150	21	biases	bias	NOUN
easat-10161	150	22	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	150	23	updated	update	VERB
easat-10161	150	24	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	150	25	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	150	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	27	18	18	NUM
easat-10161	150	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	150	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	31	19	19	NUM
easat-10161	150	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	33	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10161	150	34	[	[	X
easat-10161	150	35	34	34	NUM
easat-10161	150	36	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	150	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	1	𝜔𝑗𝑖	𝜔𝑗𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	151	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	3	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	151	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	5	←	←	PROPN
easat-10161	151	6	𝜔𝑗𝑖	𝜔𝑗𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	151	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	8	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	151	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	10	−	−	NOUN
easat-10161	151	11	𝜂	𝜂	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	12	𝜕ℒ	𝜕ℒ	X
easat-10161	151	13	𝜕𝜔	𝜕𝜔	NOUN
easat-10161	151	14	𝑗𝑖	𝑗𝑖	ADJ
easat-10161	151	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	16	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	151	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	19	18	18	NUM
easat-10161	151	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	21	𝑏𝑗	𝑏𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	151	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	23	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	151	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	25	←	←	PROPN
easat-10161	151	26	𝑏𝑗	𝑏𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	151	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	28	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	151	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	30	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	151	31	𝜂	𝜂	PROPN
easat-10161	151	32	𝜕ℒ	𝜕ℒ	PROPN
easat-10161	151	33	𝜕𝑏𝑗	𝜕𝑏𝑗	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	35	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	151	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	37	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	38	19	19	NUM
easat-10161	151	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	151	40	2.5.2	2.5.2	NUM
easat-10161	151	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	152	1	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	152	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	152	3	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	152	4	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	152	5	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	152	6	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	152	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	152	8	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	152	9	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	152	10	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	152	11	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	152	12	a	a	DET
easat-10161	152	13	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-10161	152	14	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-10161	152	15	technique	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	152	16	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	152	17	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	152	18	solving	solve	VERB
easat-10161	152	19	differential	differential	ADJ
easat-10161	152	20	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	152	21	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	152	22	blending	blend	VERB
easat-10161	152	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	152	24	expressive	expressive	ADJ
easat-10161	152	25	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	152	26	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	152	27	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	152	28	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	152	29	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	152	30	the	the	DET
easat-10161	152	31	rigor	rigor	NOUN
easat-10161	152	32	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	152	33	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	152	34	laws	law	NOUN
easat-10161	152	35	[	[	X
easat-10161	152	36	35	35	NUM
easat-10161	152	37	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	152	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	153	1	compared	compare	VERB
easat-10161	153	2	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	153	3	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-10161	153	4	data	data	NOUN
easat-10161	153	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	153	6	driven	drive	VERB
easat-10161	153	7	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	153	8	like	like	ADP
easat-10161	153	9	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	153	10	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	153	11	rely	rely	VERB
easat-10161	153	12	solely	solely	ADV
easat-10161	153	13	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	153	14	observed	observed	ADJ
easat-10161	153	15	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	153	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	153	17	the	the	DET
easat-10161	153	18	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	153	19	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	153	20	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	153	21	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	153	22	incorporates	incorporate	VERB
easat-10161	153	23	governing	govern	VERB
easat-10161	153	24	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	153	25	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	153	26	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	153	27	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	153	28	those	those	PRON
easat-10161	153	29	derived	derive	VERB
easat-10161	153	30	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	153	31	conservation	conservation	NOUN
easat-10161	153	32	laws	law	NOUN
easat-10161	153	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	153	34	fluid	fluid	ADJ
easat-10161	153	35	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
easat-10161	153	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	153	37	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	153	38	electromagnetism	electromagnetism	NOUN
easat-10161	153	39	directly	directly	ADV
easat-10161	153	40	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	153	41	the	the	DET
easat-10161	153	42	training	training	NOUN
easat-10161	153	43	process	process	NOUN
easat-10161	153	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	154	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	154	2	incorporation	incorporation	NOUN
easat-10161	154	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	154	4	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
easat-10161	154	5	through	through	ADP
easat-10161	154	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	154	7	formulation	formulation	NOUN
easat-10161	154	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	154	9	a	a	DET
easat-10161	154	10	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	154	11	a	a	DET
easat-10161	154	12	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	154	13	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	154	14	that	that	PRON
easat-10161	154	15	penalizes	penalize	VERB
easat-10161	154	16	deviations	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	154	17	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	154	18	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10161	154	19	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-10161	154	20	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	154	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	154	22	the	the	DET
easat-10161	154	23	underlying	underlying	ADJ
easat-10161	154	24	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	154	25	principles	principle	NOUN
easat-10161	154	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	154	27	as	as	ADV
easat-10161	154	28	well	well	ADV
easat-10161	154	29	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	154	30	the	the	DET
easat-10161	154	31	initial	initial	ADJ
easat-10161	154	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	154	33	boundary	boundary	ADJ
easat-10161	154	34	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	154	35	[	[	X
easat-10161	154	36	35	35	NUM
easat-10161	154	37	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	154	38	37	37	NUM
easat-10161	154	39	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	154	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	155	1	pinns	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	155	2	provide	provide	VERB
easat-10161	155	3	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	155	4	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10161	155	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	155	6	generalizable	generalizable	ADJ
easat-10161	155	7	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	155	8	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	155	9	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-10161	155	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	155	11	need	need	NOUN
easat-10161	155	12	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	155	13	extensive	extensive	ADJ
easat-10161	155	14	labeled	label	VERB
easat-10161	155	15	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10161	155	16	[	[	X
easat-10161	155	17	37	37	NUM
easat-10161	155	18	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	155	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	156	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	156	2	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10161	156	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	156	4	a	a	DET
easat-10161	156	5	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10161	156	6	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	156	7	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	156	8	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	156	9	depicted	depict	VERB
easat-10161	156	10	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	156	11	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	156	12	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	156	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	156	14	figure	figure	VERB
easat-10161	156	15	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	156	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	156	17	basic	basic	ADJ
easat-10161	156	18	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	156	19	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	156	20	physics	physics	PROPN
easat-10161	156	21	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	156	22	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	156	23	network	network	PROPN
easat-10161	156	24	tipu	tipu	PROPN
easat-10161	156	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	156	26	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	156	27	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	156	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	157	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	157	2	35	35	NUM
easat-10161	157	3	]	]	SYM
easat-10161	157	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	158	1	1541	1541	NUM
easat-10161	158	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	158	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	158	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	158	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	158	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	158	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	158	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	158	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	158	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	158	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	158	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	158	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	159	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	159	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	159	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	159	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	159	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	159	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	159	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	159	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	159	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	159	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	159	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	159	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	159	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	159	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	159	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	159	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	159	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	159	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	159	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	159	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	159	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	159	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	159	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	159	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	159	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	159	26	generally	generally	ADV
easat-10161	159	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	159	28	the	the	DET
easat-10161	159	29	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	159	30	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	159	31	can	can	AUX
easat-10161	159	32	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	159	33	constructed	construct	VERB
easat-10161	159	34	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	159	35	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-10161	159	36	the	the	DET
easat-10161	159	37	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	159	38	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10161	159	39	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	159	40	the	the	DET
easat-10161	159	41	governing	govern	VERB
easat-10161	159	42	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	159	43	described	describe	VERB
easat-10161	159	44	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	159	45	differential	differential	ADJ
easat-10161	159	46	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	159	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	160	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	160	2	aims	aim	VERB
easat-10161	160	3	to	to	PART
easat-10161	160	4	embed	embed	VERB
easat-10161	160	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	160	6	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	160	7	laws	law	NOUN
easat-10161	160	8	directly	directly	ADV
easat-10161	160	9	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	160	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	160	11	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	160	12	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	160	13	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	160	14	described	describe	VERB
easat-10161	160	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	160	16	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	160	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	160	18	20	20	NUM
easat-10161	160	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	160	20	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	160	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	160	22	23	23	NUM
easat-10161	160	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	160	24	tipu	tipu	PROPN
easat-10161	160	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	160	26	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	160	27	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	160	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	161	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	161	2	35	35	NUM
easat-10161	161	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	161	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	161	5	ghalambaz	ghalambaz	PROPN
easat-10161	161	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	161	7	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	161	8	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	161	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	162	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	162	2	37	37	NUM
easat-10161	162	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	162	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	162	5	𝜇𝜗(𝑥	𝜇𝜗(𝑥	PUNCT
easat-10161	162	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	163	1	≈	≈	PROPN
easat-10161	163	2	𝜇(𝑥	𝜇(𝑥	PROPN
easat-10161	163	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	163	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	163	5	20	20	NUM
easat-10161	163	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	163	7	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	163	8	𝜇𝜗(𝑥	𝜇𝜗(𝑥	NOUN
easat-10161	163	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	163	10	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	163	11	the	the	DET
easat-10161	163	12	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	163	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	163	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	163	15	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	163	16	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	163	17	parameterized	parameterize	VERB
easat-10161	163	18	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	163	19	weights	weight	NOUN
easat-10161	163	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	163	21	biases	bias	NOUN
easat-10161	163	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	163	23	𝜗	𝜗	NOUN
easat-10161	163	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	163	25	𝜇(𝑥	𝜇(𝑥	PROPN
easat-10161	163	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	163	27	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	163	28	the	the	DET
easat-10161	163	29	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-10161	163	30	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	163	31	the	the	DET
easat-10161	163	32	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	163	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	164	1	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	164	2	law	law	NOUN
easat-10161	164	3	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
easat-10161	164	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	164	5	𝑓𝜗(𝑥	𝑓𝜗(𝑥	NUM
easat-10161	164	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	164	7	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	164	8	expressed	express	VERB
easat-10161	164	9	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	164	10	tipu	tipu	PROPN
easat-10161	164	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	164	12	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	164	13	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	164	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	165	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	165	2	35	35	NUM
easat-10161	165	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	165	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	165	5	ghalambaz	ghalambaz	PROPN
easat-10161	165	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	165	7	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	165	8	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	165	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	166	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	166	2	37	37	NUM
easat-10161	166	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	166	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	166	5	𝑓𝜗(𝑥	𝑓𝜗(𝑥	NUM
easat-10161	166	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	166	7	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	166	8	ℵ[𝜇𝜗(𝑥	ℵ[𝜇𝜗(𝑥	NOUN
easat-10161	166	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	166	10	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	166	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	166	12	21	21	NUM
easat-10161	166	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	166	14	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	166	15	ℵ[∙	ℵ[∙	PROPN
easat-10161	166	16	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	166	17	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	166	18	the	the	DET
easat-10161	166	19	governing	govern	VERB
easat-10161	166	20	differential	differential	NOUN
easat-10161	166	21	operator	operator	NOUN
easat-10161	166	22	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	166	23	reported	report	VERB
easat-10161	166	24	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	166	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	166	26	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	166	27	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	166	28	tipu	tipu	PROPN
easat-10161	166	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	166	30	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	166	31	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	166	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	167	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	167	2	35	35	NUM
easat-10161	167	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	167	4	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	167	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	167	6	necessary	necessary	ADJ
easat-10161	167	7	to	to	PART
easat-10161	167	8	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-10161	167	9	the	the	DET
easat-10161	167	10	residual	residual	ADJ
easat-10161	167	11	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	167	12	enforced	enforce	VERB
easat-10161	167	13	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	167	14	all	all	DET
easat-10161	167	15	collocation	collocation	NOUN
easat-10161	167	16	points	point	NOUN
easat-10161	167	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	168	1	hence	hence	ADV
easat-10161	168	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	168	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	168	4	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	168	5	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	168	6	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	168	7	computed	compute	VERB
easat-10161	168	8	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	168	9	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	168	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	168	11	22	22	NUM
easat-10161	168	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	168	13	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	168	14	follows	follow	VERB
easat-10161	168	15	tipu	tipu	PROPN
easat-10161	168	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	168	17	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	168	18	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	168	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	169	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	169	2	35	35	NUM
easat-10161	169	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	169	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	169	5	ghalambaz	ghalambaz	PROPN
easat-10161	169	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	169	7	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	169	8	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	169	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	170	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	170	2	37	37	NUM
easat-10161	170	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	170	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	170	5	ℒ𝑃𝐼𝑁𝑁	ℒ𝑃𝐼𝑁𝑁	NOUN
easat-10161	170	6	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	170	7	𝜆𝑢ℒ𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎	𝜆𝑢ℒ𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎	PROPN
easat-10161	170	8	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	170	9	𝜆𝑓ℒ𝑝ℎ𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑠	𝜆𝑓ℒ𝑝ℎ𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑠	ADJ
easat-10161	170	10	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	170	11	𝜆𝑏𝑐ℒ𝑏𝑐	𝜆𝑏𝑐ℒ𝑏𝑐	NOUN
easat-10161	170	12	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	170	13	𝜆𝑖𝑐ℒ𝑖𝑐	𝜆𝑖𝑐ℒ𝑖𝑐	ADJ
easat-10161	170	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	170	15	22	22	NUM
easat-10161	170	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	170	17	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	170	18	𝜆𝑢ℒ𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎	𝜆𝑢ℒ𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎	PROPN
easat-10161	170	19	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	170	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	170	21	difference	difference	NOUN
easat-10161	170	22	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	170	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	170	24	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	170	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	170	26	observed	observed	ADJ
easat-10161	170	27	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	170	28	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	170	29	𝜆𝑓ℒ𝑝ℎ𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑠	𝜆𝑓ℒ𝑝ℎ𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑠	NOUN
easat-10161	170	30	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	170	31	the	the	DET
easat-10161	170	32	governing	govern	VERB
easat-10161	170	33	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	170	34	laws	law	NOUN
easat-10161	170	35	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	170	36	𝜆𝑏𝑐ℒ𝑏𝑐	𝜆𝑏𝑐ℒ𝑏𝑐	PROPN
easat-10161	170	37	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	170	38	the	the	DET
easat-10161	170	39	boundary	boundary	ADJ
easat-10161	170	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	170	41	initial	initial	ADJ
easat-10161	170	42	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	170	43	losses	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	170	44	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	170	45	𝜆𝑖𝑐ℒ𝑖𝑐	𝜆𝑖𝑐ℒ𝑖𝑐	NOUN
easat-10161	170	46	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	170	47	the	the	DET
easat-10161	170	48	weighting	weighting	NOUN
easat-10161	170	49	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
easat-10161	170	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	171	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	171	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	171	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	171	4	trained	train	VERB
easat-10161	171	5	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	171	6	minimizing	minimize	VERB
easat-10161	171	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	171	8	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	171	9	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	171	10	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	171	11	an	an	DET
easat-10161	171	12	optimizer	optimizer	NOUN
easat-10161	171	13	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	171	14	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	171	15	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	171	16	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	171	17	ghalambaz	ghalambaz	NOUN
easat-10161	171	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	171	19	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	171	20	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	171	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	172	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	172	2	37	37	NUM
easat-10161	172	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	172	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	172	5	𝜗∗	𝜗∗	NOUN
easat-10161	172	6	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	172	7	𝑎𝑟𝑔	𝑎𝑟𝑔	NOUN
easat-10161	172	8	[	[	PUNCT
easat-10161	172	9	𝑚𝑖𝑛	𝑚𝑖𝑛	NOUN
easat-10161	172	10	𝜗	𝜗	NOUN
easat-10161	172	11	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	172	12	ℒ𝑃𝐼𝑁𝑁	ℒ𝑃𝐼𝑁𝑁	NOUN
easat-10161	172	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	172	14	23	23	NUM
easat-10161	172	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	172	16	2.5.3	2.5.3	NUM
easat-10161	172	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	173	1	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	173	2	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	173	3	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	173	4	graph	graph	VERB
easat-10161	173	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	173	6	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	173	7	belong	belong	VERB
easat-10161	173	8	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	173	9	the	the	DET
easat-10161	173	10	category	category	NOUN
easat-10161	173	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	173	12	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10161	173	13	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	173	14	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	173	15	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	173	16	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	173	17	primarily	primarily	ADV
easat-10161	173	18	designed	design	VERB
easat-10161	173	19	to	to	PART
easat-10161	173	20	handle	handle	VERB
easat-10161	173	21	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	173	22	structured	structure	VERB
easat-10161	173	23	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	173	24	graphs	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	173	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	173	26	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	173	27	the	the	DET
easat-10161	173	28	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-10161	173	29	among	among	ADP
easat-10161	173	30	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	173	31	points	point	NOUN
easat-10161	173	32	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	173	33	as	as	ADV
easat-10161	173	34	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-10161	173	35	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	173	36	the	the	DET
easat-10161	173	37	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	173	38	itself	itself	PRON
easat-10161	173	39	[	[	X
easat-10161	173	40	38	38	NUM
easat-10161	173	41	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	173	42	41	41	NUM
easat-10161	173	43	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	173	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	174	1	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10161	174	2	compared	compare	VERB
easat-10161	174	3	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	174	4	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-10161	174	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	174	6	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	174	7	that	that	PRON
easat-10161	174	8	assume	assume	VERB
easat-10161	174	9	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	174	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	174	11	like	like	ADJ
easat-10161	174	12	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	174	13	euclidean	euclidean	ADJ
easat-10161	174	14	structures	structure	NOUN
easat-10161	174	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	174	16	gnns	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	174	17	excel	excel	VERB
easat-10161	174	18	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	174	19	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	174	20	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	174	21	non	non	ADJ
easat-10161	174	22	-	-	ADJ
easat-10161	174	23	euclidean	euclidean	ADJ
easat-10161	174	24	data	data	NOUN
easat-10161	174	25	structures	structure	NOUN
easat-10161	174	26	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	174	27	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	174	28	social	social	ADJ
easat-10161	174	29	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	174	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	174	31	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	174	32	grids	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	174	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	174	34	chemical	chemical	NOUN
easat-10161	174	35	molecules	molecule	NOUN
easat-10161	174	36	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	174	37	transportation	transportation	NOUN
easat-10161	174	38	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	174	39	[	[	X
easat-10161	174	40	39	39	NUM
easat-10161	174	41	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	174	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	175	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	175	2	basic	basic	ADJ
easat-10161	175	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	175	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	175	5	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	175	6	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	175	7	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
easat-10161	175	8	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	175	9	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	175	10	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	175	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	175	12	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	175	13	providing	provide	VERB
easat-10161	175	14	options	option	NOUN
easat-10161	175	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	175	16	preferences	preference	NOUN
easat-10161	175	17	to	to	PART
easat-10161	175	18	extract	extract	VERB
easat-10161	175	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	175	20	generalize	generalize	VERB
easat-10161	175	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	175	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	175	23	represent	represent	VERB
easat-10161	175	24	both	both	DET
easat-10161	175	25	non	non	ADJ
easat-10161	175	26	-	-	NOUN
easat-10161	175	27	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	175	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	175	29	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	175	30	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	175	31	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	175	32	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	175	33	modelling	modelling	NOUN
easat-10161	175	34	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	175	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	175	36	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	175	37	makes	make	VERB
easat-10161	175	38	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	175	39	possible	possible	ADJ
easat-10161	175	40	to	to	PART
easat-10161	175	41	predict	predict	VERB
easat-10161	175	42	the	the	DET
easat-10161	175	43	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10161	175	44	behavior	behavior	NOUN
easat-10161	175	45	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	175	46	electric	electric	ADJ
easat-10161	175	47	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	175	48	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	175	49	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	175	50	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-10161	175	51	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-10161	175	52	planning	planning	NOUN
easat-10161	175	53	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	175	54	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
easat-10161	175	55	[	[	X
easat-10161	175	56	38	38	NUM
easat-10161	175	57	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	175	58	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	176	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	176	2	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	176	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	176	4	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10161	176	5	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	176	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	176	7	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	176	8	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	176	9	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	176	10	vrahatis	vrahatis	PROPN
easat-10161	176	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	176	12	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	176	13	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	176	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	177	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	177	2	38	38	NUM
easat-10161	177	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	177	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	178	1	1542	1542	NUM
easat-10161	178	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	178	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	178	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	178	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	178	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	178	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	178	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	178	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	178	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	178	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	178	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	178	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	179	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	179	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	179	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	179	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	179	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	179	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	179	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	179	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	179	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	179	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	179	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	179	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	179	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	179	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	179	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	179	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	179	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	179	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	179	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	179	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	179	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	179	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	179	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	179	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	179	25	gate	gate	VERB
easat-10161	179	26	the	the	DET
easat-10161	179	27	predominant	predominant	ADJ
easat-10161	179	28	variant	variant	NOUN
easat-10161	179	29	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	179	30	gnns	gnns	NOUN
easat-10161	179	31	reported	report	VERB
easat-10161	179	32	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	179	33	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-10161	179	34	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	179	35	graph	graph	VERB
easat-10161	179	36	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10161	179	37	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	179	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	179	39	gcn	gcn	NOUN
easat-10161	179	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	179	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	179	42	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	179	43	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	179	44	employed	employ	VERB
easat-10161	179	45	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	179	46	this	this	DET
easat-10161	179	47	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	179	48	[	[	X
easat-10161	179	49	40	40	NUM
easat-10161	179	50	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	179	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	180	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	180	2	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
easat-10161	180	3	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	180	4	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	180	5	described	describe	VERB
easat-10161	180	6	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	180	7	follows	follow	VERB
easat-10161	180	8	jia	jia	PROPN
easat-10161	180	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	180	10	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	180	11	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	180	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	181	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	181	2	40	40	NUM
easat-10161	181	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	181	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	182	2	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	182	3	node	node	PROPN
easat-10161	182	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	5	𝐻0	𝐻0	PROPN
easat-10161	182	6	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	182	7	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	182	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	182	9	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	182	10	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10161	182	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	182	12	all	all	DET
easat-10161	182	13	the	the	DET
easat-10161	182	14	nodes	node	NOUN
easat-10161	182	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	182	16	the	the	DET
easat-10161	182	17	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	182	18	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	182	19	defined	define	VERB
easat-10161	182	20	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	182	21	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	22	𝐻0	𝐻0	PROPN
easat-10161	182	23	=	=	PROPN
easat-10161	182	24	𝑋	𝑋	PROPN
easat-10161	182	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	26	24	24	NUM
easat-10161	182	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	28	the	the	DET
easat-10161	182	29	node	node	ADJ
easat-10161	182	30	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-10161	182	31	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	182	32	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	182	33	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	34	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	182	35	+	+	NUM
easat-10161	182	36	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	182	37	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	38	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	182	39	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	182	40	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	182	41	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	42	ℎ𝑖	ℎ𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	182	43	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	44	𝑙+1	𝑙+1	NOUN
easat-10161	182	45	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	46	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	182	47	𝜎	𝜎	PROPN
easat-10161	182	48	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	49	∑	∑	PROPN
easat-10161	182	50	𝑓	𝑓	PRON
easat-10161	182	51	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	52	ℎ𝑖	ℎ𝑖	INTJ
easat-10161	182	53	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	54	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	182	55	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	56	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	57	ℎ𝑗	ℎ𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	182	58	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	59	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	182	60	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	61	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	62	𝑒𝑖𝑗)𝑗𝜖ℵ(𝑖	𝑒𝑖𝑗)𝑗𝜖ℵ(𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	182	63	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	182	64	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	183	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	183	2	25	25	NUM
easat-10161	183	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	183	4	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	183	5	ℎ𝑖	ℎ𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	183	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	183	7	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	183	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	183	9	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	183	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	183	11	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10161	183	12	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	183	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	183	14	node	node	PROPN
easat-10161	183	15	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	183	16	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	183	17	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	183	18	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	183	19	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	183	20	ℎ𝑗	ℎ𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	183	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	183	22	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	183	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	183	24	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	183	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	183	26	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10161	183	27	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	183	28	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	183	29	node	node	PROPN
easat-10161	183	30	𝑗	𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	183	31	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	183	32	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	183	33	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	183	34	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	183	35	ℵ(𝑖)represents	ℵ(𝑖)represent	NOUN
easat-10161	183	36	the	the	DET
easat-10161	183	37	set	set	NOUN
easat-10161	183	38	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	183	39	neighbors	neighbor	NOUN
easat-10161	183	40	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	183	41	node	node	PROPN
easat-10161	183	42	𝑖	𝑖	SYM
easat-10161	183	43	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	183	44	𝑒𝑖𝑗	𝑒𝑖𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	183	45	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	183	46	the	the	DET
easat-10161	183	47	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10161	183	48	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	183	49	edge	edge	NOUN
easat-10161	183	50	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	183	51	node	node	NOUN
easat-10161	183	52	𝑗	𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	183	53	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	183	54	𝑖	𝑖	PRON
easat-10161	183	55	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	183	56	𝑓	𝑓	PRON
easat-10161	183	57	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	183	58	the	the	DET
easat-10161	183	59	message	message	NOUN
easat-10161	183	60	aggregation	aggregation	NOUN
easat-10161	183	61	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	183	62	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	184	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	184	2	update	update	NOUN
easat-10161	184	3	rule	rule	NOUN
easat-10161	184	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	184	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	184	6	gcn	gcn	NOUN
easat-10161	184	7	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	184	8	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	184	9	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	184	10	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	184	11	𝐻(𝑙+1	𝐻(𝑙+1	X
easat-10161	184	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	184	13	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	184	14	𝜎	𝜎	PROPN
easat-10161	184	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	184	16	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	184	17	̃	̃	NOUN
easat-10161	184	18	�	�	NOUN
easat-10161	184	19	−	−	VERB
easat-10161	184	20	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	184	21	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	184	22	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	184	23	̃	̃	PROPN
easat-10161	184	24	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	184	25	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	184	26	̃	̃	PROPN
easat-10161	184	27	�	�	NOUN
easat-10161	184	28	−	−	NOUN
easat-10161	184	29	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	184	30	2𝐻(𝑙)𝑊(𝑙	2𝐻(𝑙)𝑊(𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	184	31	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	184	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	185	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	185	2	26	26	NUM
easat-10161	185	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	185	4	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	185	5	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	185	6	̃	̃	PROPN
easat-10161	185	7	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	185	8	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	185	9	𝐴	𝐴	PROPN
easat-10161	185	10	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	185	11	𝐼	𝐼	PROPN
easat-10161	185	12	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	185	13	the	the	DET
easat-10161	185	14	adjacent	adjacent	ADJ
easat-10161	185	15	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	185	16	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	185	17	added	add	VERB
easat-10161	185	18	self	self	NOUN
easat-10161	185	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	185	20	loops	loop	NOUN
easat-10161	185	21	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	185	22	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	185	23	̃	̃	NOUN
easat-10161	185	24	�	�	NOUN
easat-10161	185	25	𝑖𝑖	𝑖𝑖	X
easat-10161	185	26	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	185	27	∑	∑	PROPN
easat-10161	185	28	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	185	29	̃	̃	PROPN
easat-10161	185	30	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	185	31	𝑖𝑗𝑗	𝑖𝑗𝑗	PUNCT
easat-10161	185	32	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	185	33	the	the	DET
easat-10161	185	34	degree	degree	NOUN
easat-10161	185	35	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	185	36	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	185	37	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	185	38	̃	̃	PROPN
easat-10161	185	39	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	185	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	185	41	𝐻(0	𝐻(0	CCONJ
easat-10161	185	42	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	186	1	=	=	NOUN
easat-10161	186	2	𝑋	𝑋	PROPN
easat-10161	186	3	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	186	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	186	5	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	186	6	node	node	NOUN
easat-10161	186	7	features	feature	VERB
easat-10161	186	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	186	9	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-10161	186	10	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
easat-10161	186	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	186	12	the	the	DET
easat-10161	186	13	gcn	gcn	NOUN
easat-10161	186	14	over	over	ADP
easat-10161	186	15	neighbors	neighbor	NOUN
easat-10161	186	16	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	186	17	expressed	express	VERB
easat-10161	186	18	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	186	19	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	186	20	ℎ𝑖	ℎ𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	186	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	186	22	𝑙+1	𝑙+1	NOUN
easat-10161	186	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	186	24	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	186	25	𝜎	𝜎	PROPN
easat-10161	186	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	186	27	∑	∑	PROPN
easat-10161	186	28	𝛼𝑖𝑗	𝛼𝑖𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	186	29	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	186	30	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	186	31	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	186	32	𝑛	𝑛	PRON
easat-10161	186	33	𝑊(𝑙)ℎ𝑗	𝑊(𝑙)ℎ𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	186	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	186	35	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	186	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	186	37	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	2	27	27	NUM
easat-10161	187	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	4	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	187	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	187	6	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-10161	187	7	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
easat-10161	187	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	9	𝛼𝑖𝑗	𝛼𝑖𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	187	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	11	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	187	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	13	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	187	14	node	node	PROPN
easat-10161	187	15	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	187	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	187	17	neighboring	neighboring	NOUN
easat-10161	187	18	node	node	NOUN
easat-10161	187	19	𝑗	𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	187	20	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	187	21	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	187	22	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	187	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	24	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-10161	187	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	187	26	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-10161	187	27	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	187	28	node	node	PROPN
easat-10161	187	29	𝑗	𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	187	30	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	187	31	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10161	187	32	to	to	PART
easat-10161	187	33	node	node	NOUN
easat-10161	187	34	𝑖	𝑖	VERB
easat-10161	187	35	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	187	36	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	187	37	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	187	38	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	39	𝛼𝑖𝑗	𝛼𝑖𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	187	40	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	41	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	187	42	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	43	=	=	NOUN
easat-10161	187	44	𝑒𝑥𝑝(𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑦𝑅𝑒𝐿𝑈(𝑎𝜏[𝑊ℎ𝑖	𝑒𝑥𝑝(𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑦𝑅𝑒𝐿𝑈(𝑎𝜏[𝑊ℎ𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	187	45	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	46	𝑙	𝑙	X
easat-10161	187	47	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	187	48	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	188	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	188	2	𝑊ℎ𝑗	𝑊ℎ𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	188	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	188	4	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	188	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	188	6	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	188	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	188	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	188	9	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	188	10	𝑒𝑥𝑝(𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑦𝑅𝑒𝐿𝑈(𝑎𝜏[𝑊ℎ	𝑒𝑥𝑝(𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑦𝑅𝑒𝐿𝑈(𝑎𝜏[𝑊ℎ	X
easat-10161	188	11	𝑖	𝑖	SYM
easat-10161	188	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	188	13	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	188	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	188	15	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	189	2	𝑊ℎ𝑘	𝑊ℎ𝑘	PROPN
easat-10161	189	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	4	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	189	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	6	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	9	𝑘𝜖ℵ(𝑖	𝑘𝜖ℵ(𝑖	X
easat-10161	189	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	12	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	189	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	14	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	189	15	𝑊	𝑊	PROPN
easat-10161	189	16	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	189	17	the	the	DET
easat-10161	189	18	trainable	trainable	ADJ
easat-10161	189	19	weight	weight	NOUN
easat-10161	189	20	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	189	21	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	189	22	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	189	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	189	24	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	189	25	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10161	189	26	shared	share	VERB
easat-10161	189	27	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	189	28	all	all	DET
easat-10161	189	29	nodes	node	NOUN
easat-10161	189	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	189	31	edges	edge	NOUN
easat-10161	189	32	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	189	33	the	the	DET
easat-10161	189	34	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	189	35	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	189	36	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	37	𝑎𝜏	𝑎𝜏	ADV
easat-10161	189	38	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	189	39	the	the	DET
easat-10161	189	40	trainable	trainable	ADJ
easat-10161	189	41	weight	weight	NOUN
easat-10161	189	42	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	189	43	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	189	44	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	189	45	computing	compute	VERB
easat-10161	189	46	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-10161	189	47	scores	score	NOUN
easat-10161	189	48	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	49	𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑦𝑅𝑒𝐿𝑈	𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑦𝑅𝑒𝐿𝑈	VERB
easat-10161	189	50	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	189	51	an	an	DET
easat-10161	189	52	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10161	189	53	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	189	54	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	189	55	to	to	PART
easat-10161	189	56	introduce	introduce	VERB
easat-10161	189	57	non	non	ADJ
easat-10161	189	58	-	-	ADJ
easat-10161	189	59	linearity	linearity	NOUN
easat-10161	189	60	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	189	61	the	the	DET
easat-10161	189	62	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-10161	189	63	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	189	64	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	65	usually	usually	ADV
easat-10161	189	66	a	a	DET
easat-10161	189	67	small	small	ADJ
easat-10161	189	68	negative	negative	ADJ
easat-10161	189	69	slope	slope	NOUN
easat-10161	189	70	value	value	NOUN
easat-10161	189	71	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	189	72	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	189	73	𝑒𝑥𝑝	𝑒𝑥𝑝	INTJ
easat-10161	189	74	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	189	75	an	an	DET
easat-10161	189	76	exponential	exponential	ADJ
easat-10161	189	77	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	189	78	to	to	PART
easat-10161	189	79	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-10161	189	80	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-10161	189	81	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-10161	189	82	scores	score	NOUN
easat-10161	189	83	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	189	84	enable	enable	VERB
easat-10161	189	85	softmax	softmax	ADJ
easat-10161	189	86	normalization	normalization	NOUN
easat-10161	189	87	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	190	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	190	2	final	final	ADJ
easat-10161	190	3	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	190	4	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	190	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	190	6	expressed	express	VERB
easat-10161	190	7	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	190	8	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	190	9	𝑍	𝑍	PROPN
easat-10161	190	10	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	190	11	𝑠𝑜𝑓𝑡𝑚𝑎𝑥(𝐻(𝐿	𝑠𝑜𝑓𝑡𝑚𝑎𝑥(𝐻(𝐿	NOUN
easat-10161	190	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	190	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	191	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	191	2	29	29	NUM
easat-10161	191	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	191	4	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	191	5	𝐻(𝐿	𝐻(𝐿	NOUN
easat-10161	191	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	191	7	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	191	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	191	9	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	191	10	after	after	SCONJ
easat-10161	191	11	𝐿	𝐿	PROPN
easat-10161	191	12	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	191	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	191	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	191	15	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	191	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	191	17	𝑍	𝑍	PROPN
easat-10161	191	18	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	191	19	the	the	DET
easat-10161	191	20	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	191	21	labels	label	NOUN
easat-10161	191	22	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	191	23	each	each	DET
easat-10161	191	24	node	node	NOUN
easat-10161	191	25	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	191	26	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	191	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	192	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	192	2	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	192	3	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	192	4	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	192	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	192	6	gcn	gcn	NOUN
easat-10161	192	7	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	192	8	computed	compute	VERB
easat-10161	192	9	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	192	10	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	192	11	ℒ𝐺𝑁𝑁	ℒ𝐺𝑁𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	192	12	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	192	13	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	192	14	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	193	1	𝑦𝑖𝑖𝜖𝑦𝐿	𝑦𝑖𝑖𝜖𝑦𝐿	ADP
easat-10161	193	2	∙	∙	PROPN
easat-10161	193	3	log	log	NOUN
easat-10161	193	4	𝑍𝑖	𝑍𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	193	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	193	6	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	193	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	193	8	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	193	9	𝑦𝐿	𝑦𝐿	NOUN
easat-10161	193	10	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	193	11	a	a	DET
easat-10161	193	12	set	set	NOUN
easat-10161	193	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	193	14	labeled	label	VERB
easat-10161	193	15	nodes	node	NOUN
easat-10161	193	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	193	17	𝑦𝑖	𝑦𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	193	18	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	193	19	the	the	DET
easat-10161	193	20	true	true	ADJ
easat-10161	193	21	label	label	NOUN
easat-10161	193	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	193	23	node	node	PROPN
easat-10161	193	24	𝑖	𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	193	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	193	26	𝑍𝑖	𝑍𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	193	27	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	193	28	the	the	DET
easat-10161	193	29	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	193	30	probability	probability	NOUN
easat-10161	193	31	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10161	193	32	over	over	ADP
easat-10161	193	33	classes	class	NOUN
easat-10161	193	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	194	1	3	3	X
easat-10161	194	2	.	.	X
easat-10161	194	3	description	description	NOUN
easat-10161	194	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	194	5	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	194	6	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	194	7	to	to	PART
easat-10161	194	8	assess	assess	VERB
easat-10161	194	9	the	the	DET
easat-10161	194	10	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	194	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	194	12	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-10161	194	13	capability	capability	NOUN
easat-10161	194	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	194	15	the	the	DET
easat-10161	194	16	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-10161	194	17	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	194	18	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	194	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	194	20	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	194	21	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	194	22	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	194	23	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	194	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	194	25	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-10161	194	26	experiments	experiment	NOUN
easat-10161	194	27	were	be	AUX
easat-10161	194	28	carried	carry	VERB
easat-10161	194	29	out	out	ADP
easat-10161	194	30	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	194	31	both	both	PRON
easat-10161	194	32	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-10161	194	33	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	194	34	benchmark	benchmark	NOUN
easat-10161	194	35	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	194	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	194	37	real	real	ADJ
easat-10161	194	38	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	194	39	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	194	40	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	194	41	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	194	42	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	194	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	195	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
easat-10161	195	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	195	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	195	4	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	195	5	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	195	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	195	7	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	195	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	195	9	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	195	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	195	11	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	195	12	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	195	13	were	be	AUX
easat-10161	195	14	employed	employ	VERB
easat-10161	195	15	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	195	16	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-10161	195	17	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	195	18	cases	case	NOUN
easat-10161	195	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	195	20	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	195	21	the	the	DET
easat-10161	195	22	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	195	23	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	195	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	195	25	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	195	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	195	27	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	195	28	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	195	29	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	195	30	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	195	31	were	be	AUX
easat-10161	195	32	selected	select	VERB
easat-10161	195	33	to	to	PART
easat-10161	195	34	reflect	reflect	VERB
easat-10161	195	35	the	the	DET
easat-10161	195	36	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-10161	195	37	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10161	195	38	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	195	39	actual	actual	ADJ
easat-10161	195	40	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	195	41	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-10161	195	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	196	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	196	2	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	196	3	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	196	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	196	5	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	196	6	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	196	7	comprises	comprise	VERB
easat-10161	196	8	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	196	9	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	196	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	196	11	20	20	NUM
easat-10161	196	12	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-10161	196	13	lines	line	NOUN
easat-10161	196	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	196	15	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	196	16	generators	generator	NOUN
easat-10161	196	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	196	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	196	19	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	196	20	loads	load	NOUN
easat-10161	196	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	197	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	197	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-10161	197	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	197	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	197	5	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	197	6	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	197	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	197	8	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	197	9	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	197	10	features	feature	VERB
easat-10161	197	11	a	a	DET
easat-10161	197	12	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	197	13	intricate	intricate	ADJ
easat-10161	197	14	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	197	15	topology	topology	NOUN
easat-10161	197	16	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	197	17	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	197	18	generators	generator	NOUN
easat-10161	197	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	197	20	24	24	NUM
easat-10161	197	21	loads	load	NOUN
easat-10161	197	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	197	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	197	24	41	41	NUM
easat-10161	197	25	branches	branch	NOUN
easat-10161	197	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	198	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	198	2	increased	increase	VERB
easat-10161	198	3	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-10161	198	4	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
easat-10161	198	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	198	6	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	198	7	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
easat-10161	198	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-10161	198	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	198	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	198	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	198	12	's	's	PART
easat-10161	198	13	scalability	scalability	NOUN
easat-10161	198	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	198	15	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	198	16	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10161	198	17	to	to	PART
easat-10161	198	18	manage	manage	VERB
easat-10161	198	19	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	198	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	198	21	interconnected	interconnected	ADJ
easat-10161	198	22	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	198	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	199	1	1543	1543	NUM
easat-10161	199	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	199	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	199	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	199	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	199	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	199	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	199	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	199	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	199	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	199	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	199	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	199	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	200	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	200	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	200	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	200	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	200	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	200	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	200	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	200	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	200	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	200	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	200	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	200	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	200	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	200	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	200	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	200	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	200	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	200	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	200	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	200	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	200	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	200	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	200	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	200	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	200	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	200	26	beyond	beyond	ADP
easat-10161	200	27	the	the	DET
easat-10161	200	28	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-10161	200	29	benchmarks	benchmark	NOUN
easat-10161	200	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	200	31	two	two	NUM
easat-10161	200	32	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	200	33	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	200	34	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	200	35	the	the	DET
easat-10161	200	36	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	200	37	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	200	38	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	200	39	were	be	AUX
easat-10161	200	40	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	200	41	considered	consider	VERB
easat-10161	200	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	201	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	201	2	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	201	3	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	201	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	201	5	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	201	6	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	201	7	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	201	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	201	9	medium	medium	ADJ
easat-10161	201	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	201	11	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-10161	201	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	201	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	201	14	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	201	15	comprises	comprise	VERB
easat-10161	201	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	201	17	8	8	NUM
easat-10161	201	18	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-10161	201	19	generators	generator	NOUN
easat-10161	201	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	201	21	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	201	22	loads	load	NOUN
easat-10161	201	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	201	24	33	33	NUM
easat-10161	201	25	transmissions	transmission	NOUN
easat-10161	201	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	202	1	lastly	lastly	ADV
easat-10161	202	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	202	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	202	4	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	202	5	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	202	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	202	7	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	202	8	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	202	9	offers	offer	VERB
easat-10161	202	10	a	a	DET
easat-10161	202	11	broader	broad	ADJ
easat-10161	202	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	202	13	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	202	14	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-10161	202	15	view	view	NOUN
easat-10161	202	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	202	17	the	the	DET
easat-10161	202	18	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	202	19	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-10161	202	20	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	202	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	203	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	203	2	comprises	comprise	VERB
easat-10161	203	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	203	4	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	203	5	generators	generator	NOUN
easat-10161	203	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	203	7	21	21	NUM
easat-10161	203	8	loads	load	NOUN
easat-10161	203	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	203	10	36	36	NUM
easat-10161	203	11	transmissions	transmission	NOUN
easat-10161	203	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	204	1	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	204	2	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-10161	204	3	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	204	4	centers	center	NOUN
easat-10161	204	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	204	6	high	high	ADJ
easat-10161	204	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	204	8	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	204	9	interconnections	interconnection	NOUN
easat-10161	204	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	204	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	204	12	a	a	DET
easat-10161	204	13	wide	wide	ADJ
easat-10161	204	14	geographic	geographic	ADJ
easat-10161	204	15	spread	spread	NOUN
easat-10161	204	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	204	17	this	this	DET
easat-10161	204	18	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	204	19	presents	present	VERB
easat-10161	204	20	a	a	DET
easat-10161	204	21	highly	highly	ADV
easat-10161	204	22	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	204	23	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	204	24	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	204	25	testing	test	VERB
easat-10161	204	26	the	the	DET
easat-10161	204	27	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	204	28	's	's	PART
easat-10161	204	29	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-10161	204	30	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	204	31	realistic	realistic	ADJ
easat-10161	204	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	204	33	non	non	ADJ
easat-10161	204	34	-	-	ADJ
easat-10161	204	35	uniform	uniform	ADJ
easat-10161	204	36	loading	loading	NOUN
easat-10161	204	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	204	38	generation	generation	NOUN
easat-10161	204	39	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	204	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	205	1	4	4	X
easat-10161	205	2	.	.	X
easat-10161	205	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
easat-10161	205	4	4.1	4.1	NUM
easat-10161	205	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	206	1	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	206	2	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-10161	206	3	this	this	DET
easat-10161	206	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	206	5	evaluates	evaluate	VERB
easat-10161	206	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	206	7	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	206	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	206	9	three	three	NUM
easat-10161	206	10	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	206	11	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	206	12	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	206	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	206	14	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	206	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	206	16	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	206	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	206	18	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	206	19	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	206	20	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	206	21	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	206	22	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	206	23	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	206	24	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	206	25	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	206	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	207	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	207	2	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	207	3	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10161	207	4	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	207	5	obtained	obtain	VERB
easat-10161	207	6	through	through	ADP
easat-10161	207	7	nr	nr	NOUN
easat-10161	207	8	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	207	9	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	207	10	solution	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	207	11	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	207	12	varying	vary	VERB
easat-10161	207	13	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	207	14	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10161	207	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	208	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	208	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10161	208	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	208	4	split	split	VERB
easat-10161	208	5	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	208	6	training	training	NOUN
easat-10161	208	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	208	8	50	50	NUM
easat-10161	208	9	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	208	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	208	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	208	12	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10161	208	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	208	14	25	25	NUM
easat-10161	208	15	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	208	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	208	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	208	18	testing	testing	NOUN
easat-10161	208	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	208	20	25	25	NUM
easat-10161	208	21	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	208	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	208	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	209	1	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	209	2	shown	show	VERB
easat-10161	209	3	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	209	4	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	209	5	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	209	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	209	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	209	8	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	209	9	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	209	10	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	209	11	trained	train	VERB
easat-10161	209	12	via	via	ADP
easat-10161	209	13	back	back	ADJ
easat-10161	209	14	propagation	propagation	NOUN
easat-10161	209	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	209	16	matlab	matlab	PROPN
easat-10161	209	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	209	18	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	209	19	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	209	20	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	209	21	trained	train	VERB
easat-10161	209	22	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	209	23	tensorflow	tensorflow	NOUN
easat-10161	209	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	209	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	209	26	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	209	27	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	209	28	trained	train	VERB
easat-10161	209	29	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	209	30	pytorch	pytorch	NOUN
easat-10161	209	31	geometric	geometric	ADJ
easat-10161	209	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	210	1	to	to	PART
easat-10161	210	2	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-10161	210	3	resilience	resilience	NOUN
easat-10161	210	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	210	5	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	210	6	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	210	7	tested	test	VERB
easat-10161	210	8	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	210	9	fault	fault	NOUN
easat-10161	210	10	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	210	11	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	210	12	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	210	13	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	210	14	outages	outage	NOUN
easat-10161	210	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	210	16	retrained	retrain	VERB
easat-10161	210	17	to	to	PART
easat-10161	210	18	reflect	reflect	VERB
easat-10161	210	19	this	this	DET
easat-10161	210	20	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	210	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	211	1	dg	dg	PROPN
easat-10161	211	2	units	unit	NOUN
easat-10161	211	3	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	211	4	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	211	5	pv	pv	PROPN
easat-10161	211	6	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	211	7	randomly	randomly	ADV
easat-10161	211	8	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-10161	211	9	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	211	10	weak	weak	ADJ
easat-10161	211	11	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	211	12	to	to	PART
easat-10161	211	13	simulate	simulate	VERB
easat-10161	211	14	smart	smart	ADJ
easat-10161	211	15	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	211	16	enhancements	enhancement	NOUN
easat-10161	211	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	212	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	212	2	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-10161	212	3	assesses	assess	VERB
easat-10161	212	4	each	each	DET
easat-10161	212	5	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	212	6	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	212	7	capability	capability	NOUN
easat-10161	212	8	to	to	PART
easat-10161	212	9	maintain	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	212	10	reliable	reliable	ADJ
easat-10161	212	11	operation	operation	NOUN
easat-10161	212	12	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	212	13	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10161	212	14	normal	normal	ADJ
easat-10161	212	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	212	16	disrupted	disrupt	VERB
easat-10161	212	17	states	state	NOUN
easat-10161	212	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	213	1	figure	figure	VERB
easat-10161	213	2	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	213	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	213	4	block	block	NOUN
easat-10161	213	5	diagram	diagram	NOUN
easat-10161	213	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	213	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	213	8	methodology	methodology	NOUN
easat-10161	213	9	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	213	10	process	process	NOUN
easat-10161	213	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	214	1	4.2	4.2	NUM
easat-10161	214	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	215	1	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	215	2	collection	collection	NOUN
easat-10161	215	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	215	4	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	215	5	utilized	utilize	VERB
easat-10161	215	6	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	215	7	this	this	DET
easat-10161	215	8	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	215	9	were	be	AUX
easat-10161	215	10	obtained	obtain	VERB
easat-10161	215	11	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	215	12	a	a	DET
easat-10161	215	13	combination	combination	NOUN
easat-10161	215	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	215	15	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-10161	215	16	benchmark	benchmark	ADJ
easat-10161	215	17	repositories	repository	NOUN
easat-10161	215	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	215	19	utility	utility	NOUN
easat-10161	215	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	215	21	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	215	22	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	215	23	records	record	NOUN
easat-10161	215	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	216	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	216	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	216	3	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	216	4	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	216	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	216	6	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	216	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	216	8	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	216	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	216	10	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	216	11	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	216	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	216	13	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	216	14	topology	topology	NOUN
easat-10161	216	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	216	16	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	216	17	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	216	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	216	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	216	20	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	216	21	parameters	parameter	NOUN
easat-10161	216	22	were	be	AUX
easat-10161	216	23	sourced	source	VERB
easat-10161	216	24	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	216	25	open	open	ADJ
easat-10161	216	26	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-10161	216	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	217	1	these	these	DET
easat-10161	217	2	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10161	217	3	include	include	VERB
easat-10161	217	4	information	information	NOUN
easat-10161	217	5	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	217	6	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	217	7	types	type	NOUN
easat-10161	217	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	217	9	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	217	10	levels	level	NOUN
easat-10161	217	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	217	12	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	217	13	generation	generation	NOUN
easat-10161	217	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	217	15	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	217	16	demands	demand	NOUN
easat-10161	217	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	217	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	217	19	branch	branch	NOUN
easat-10161	217	20	admittances	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	217	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	218	1	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	218	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	218	3	other	other	ADJ
easat-10161	218	4	hand	hand	NOUN
easat-10161	218	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	218	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	218	7	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	218	8	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	218	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	218	10	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	218	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	218	12	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	218	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	218	14	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	218	15	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	218	16	were	be	AUX
easat-10161	218	17	constructed	construct	VERB
easat-10161	218	18	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	218	19	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-10161	218	20	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	218	21	acquired	acquire	VERB
easat-10161	218	22	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	218	23	national	national	PROPN
easat-10161	218	24	control	control	PROPN
easat-10161	218	25	center	center	PROPN
easat-10161	218	26	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	218	27	osogbo	osogbo	PROPN
easat-10161	218	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	218	29	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
easat-10161	218	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	219	1	1544	1544	NUM
easat-10161	219	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	219	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	219	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	219	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	219	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	219	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	219	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	219	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	219	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	219	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	219	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	219	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	220	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	220	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	220	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	220	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	220	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	220	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	220	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	220	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	220	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	220	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	220	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	220	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	220	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	220	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	220	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	220	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	220	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	220	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	220	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	220	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	220	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	220	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	220	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	220	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	220	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	220	26	4.3	4.3	NUM
easat-10161	220	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	221	1	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-10161	221	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	221	3	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	221	4	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	221	5	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	221	6	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	221	7	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	221	8	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	221	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	221	10	this	this	DET
easat-10161	221	11	section	section	NOUN
easat-10161	221	12	presents	present	VERB
easat-10161	221	13	the	the	DET
easat-10161	221	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-10161	221	15	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	221	16	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	221	17	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	221	18	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	221	19	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	221	20	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	221	21	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	221	22	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	221	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	222	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	222	2	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	222	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	222	4	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	222	5	designed	design	VERB
easat-10161	222	6	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	222	7	a	a	DET
easat-10161	222	8	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-10161	222	9	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10161	222	10	connected	connected	ADJ
easat-10161	222	11	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	222	12	trained	train	VERB
easat-10161	222	13	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	222	14	labeled	label	VERB
easat-10161	222	15	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	222	16	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	222	17	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	222	18	to	to	PART
easat-10161	222	19	approximate	approximate	VERB
easat-10161	222	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	222	21	non	non	ADJ
easat-10161	222	22	-	-	ADJ
easat-10161	222	23	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-10161	222	24	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-10161	222	25	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	222	26	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	222	27	injections	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	222	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	222	29	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	222	30	voltages	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	222	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	223	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	223	2	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	223	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	223	4	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
easat-10161	223	5	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	223	6	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	223	7	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	223	8	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	223	9	directly	directly	ADV
easat-10161	223	10	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	223	11	the	the	DET
easat-10161	223	12	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	223	13	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	223	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	224	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	224	2	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	224	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	224	4	leveraged	leverage	VERB
easat-10161	224	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	224	6	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	224	7	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-10161	224	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	224	9	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	224	10	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	224	11	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	224	12	modeling	model	VERB
easat-10161	224	13	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	224	14	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	224	15	nodes	node	NOUN
easat-10161	224	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	224	17	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-10161	224	18	lines	line	NOUN
easat-10161	224	19	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	224	20	edges	edge	NOUN
easat-10161	224	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	224	22	capturing	capture	VERB
easat-10161	224	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	224	24	spatial	spatial	ADJ
easat-10161	224	25	dependencies	dependency	NOUN
easat-10161	224	26	within	within	ADP
easat-10161	224	27	the	the	DET
easat-10161	224	28	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	224	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	225	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	225	2	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
easat-10161	225	3	formulation	formulation	NOUN
easat-10161	225	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	225	5	each	each	DET
easat-10161	225	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	225	7	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	225	8	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	225	9	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	225	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	225	11	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	225	12	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	225	13	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	225	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	225	15	following	follow	VERB
easat-10161	225	16	sub	sub	NOUN
easat-10161	225	17	-	-	NOUN
easat-10161	225	18	sections	section	NOUN
easat-10161	225	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	226	1	4.3.1	4.3.1	X
easat-10161	226	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	227	1	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-10161	227	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	227	3	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	227	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	227	5	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	227	6	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	227	7	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	227	8	to	to	PART
easat-10161	227	9	approximate	approximate	VERB
easat-10161	227	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	227	11	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
easat-10161	227	12	mapping	mapping	NOUN
easat-10161	227	13	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	227	14	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	227	15	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	227	16	injections	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	227	17	to	to	PART
easat-10161	227	18	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	227	19	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	227	20	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	227	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	227	22	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	227	23	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	227	24	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	227	25	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	227	26	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	227	27	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	227	28	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
easat-10161	227	29	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	227	30	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	227	31	7	7	NUM
easat-10161	227	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	227	33	figure	figure	VERB
easat-10161	227	34	7	7	NUM
easat-10161	227	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	227	36	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10161	227	37	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	227	38	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	227	39	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	227	40	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	227	41	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	227	42	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	227	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	228	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	228	2	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	228	3	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	228	4	𝑥	𝑥	PROPN
easat-10161	228	5	comprises	comprise	VERB
easat-10161	228	6	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	228	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	228	8	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	228	9	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	228	10	injections	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	228	11	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	228	12	all	all	DET
easat-10161	228	13	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	228	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	228	15	𝑥	𝑥	X
easat-10161	228	16	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	229	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	229	2	𝑃1	𝑃1	NOUN
easat-10161	229	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	229	4	𝑄1	𝑄1	PROPN
easat-10161	229	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	229	6	𝑃2	𝑃2	PROPN
easat-10161	229	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	229	8	𝑄2	𝑄2	PROPN
easat-10161	229	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	229	10	…	…	PUNCT
easat-10161	229	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	229	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	230	1	𝑃𝑁	𝑃𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	230	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	230	3	𝑄𝑁]𝜏	𝑄𝑁]𝜏	PROPN
easat-10161	230	4	∈	∈	PROPN
easat-10161	230	5	ℝ2𝑁	ℝ2𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	230	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	230	7	31	31	NUM
easat-10161	230	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	230	9	the	the	DET
easat-10161	230	10	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	230	11	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	230	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	230	13	𝑦	𝑦	NOUN
easat-10161	230	14	contains	contain	VERB
easat-10161	230	15	all	all	DET
easat-10161	230	16	the	the	DET
easat-10161	230	17	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	230	18	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	230	19	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	230	20	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	230	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	230	22	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	230	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	230	24	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	230	25	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	230	26	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	230	27	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	230	28	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	230	29	𝑦	𝑦	X
easat-10161	230	30	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	231	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	231	2	𝑉1	𝑉1	NOUN
easat-10161	231	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	231	4	𝛿1	𝛿1	NOUN
easat-10161	231	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	231	6	𝑉2	𝑉2	PROPN
easat-10161	231	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	231	8	𝛿2	𝛿2	NOUN
easat-10161	231	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	231	10	…	…	PUNCT
easat-10161	231	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	232	1	𝑉𝑁	𝑉𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	232	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	232	3	𝛿𝑁]𝜏	𝛿𝑁]𝜏	PROPN
easat-10161	232	4	∈	∈	PROPN
easat-10161	232	5	ℝ2𝑁	ℝ2𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	232	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	232	7	32	32	NUM
easat-10161	232	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	232	9	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	232	10	𝑃	𝑃	NOUN
easat-10161	232	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	232	12	𝑄	𝑄	PRON
easat-10161	232	13	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	232	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	232	15	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	232	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	232	17	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	232	18	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	232	19	injections	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	232	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	232	21	𝑉	𝑉	PROPN
easat-10161	232	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	232	23	𝛿	𝛿	PROPN
easat-10161	232	24	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	232	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	232	26	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	232	27	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	232	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	232	29	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	232	30	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	232	31	the	the	DET
easat-10161	232	32	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	232	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	233	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	233	2	mapping	mapping	NOUN
easat-10161	233	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	233	4	modeled	model	VERB
easat-10161	233	5	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	233	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	233	7	𝑦	𝑦	PROPN
easat-10161	233	8	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	233	9	𝑓𝐴𝑁𝑁(𝑥	𝑓𝐴𝑁𝑁(𝑥	PROPN
easat-10161	233	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	233	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	233	12	33	33	NUM
easat-10161	233	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	233	14	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	233	15	the	the	DET
easat-10161	233	16	term	term	NOUN
easat-10161	233	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	233	18	𝑓𝐴𝑁𝑁	𝑓𝐴𝑁𝑁	NOUN
easat-10161	233	19	approximates	approximate	VERB
easat-10161	233	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	233	21	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	233	22	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	233	23	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	233	24	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	233	25	solution	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	233	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	234	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	234	2	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	234	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	234	4	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10161	234	5	consists	consist	VERB
easat-10161	234	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	234	7	an	an	DET
easat-10161	234	8	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	234	9	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	234	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	234	11	a	a	DET
easat-10161	234	12	single	single	ADJ
easat-10161	234	13	hidden	hidden	ADJ
easat-10161	234	14	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	234	15	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	234	16	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
easat-10161	234	17	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10161	234	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	234	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	234	20	an	an	DET
easat-10161	234	21	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	234	22	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	234	23	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	234	24	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-10161	234	25	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10161	234	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	235	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	235	2	forward	forward	ADJ
easat-10161	235	3	propagation	propagation	NOUN
easat-10161	235	4	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	235	5	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	235	6	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	235	7	tipu	tipu	PROPN
easat-10161	235	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	235	9	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	235	10	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	235	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	236	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	236	2	35	35	NUM
easat-10161	236	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	236	4	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	236	5	𝑧(𝑙	𝑧(𝑙	NUM
easat-10161	236	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	236	7	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	236	8	𝑊(1)(𝑥	𝑊(1)(𝑥	PROPN
easat-10161	236	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	236	10	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	236	11	𝑏(1	𝑏(1	PROPN
easat-10161	236	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	236	13	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	237	1	𝑎(1	𝑎(1	PROPN
easat-10161	237	2	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	237	3	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	237	4	𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ(𝑧(1	𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ(𝑧(1	NOUN
easat-10161	237	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	237	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	237	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	237	8	34	34	X
easat-10161	237	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	237	10	𝑧(2	𝑧(2	PROPN
easat-10161	237	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	237	12	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	238	1	𝑊(2)𝑎(1	𝑊(2)𝑎(1	NOUN
easat-10161	238	2	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	238	3	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	238	4	𝑏(2	𝑏(2	NOUN
easat-10161	238	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	238	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	238	7	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	238	8	̂	̂	NUM
easat-10161	238	9	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	238	10	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	238	11	𝑧(2	𝑧(2	PROPN
easat-10161	238	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	238	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	238	14	35	35	NUM
easat-10161	238	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	238	16	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	238	17	𝑊(𝑙	𝑊(𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	238	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	238	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	238	20	𝑏(𝑙	𝑏(𝑙	PROPN
easat-10161	238	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	238	22	represent	represent	VERB
easat-10161	238	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	238	24	weight	weight	NOUN
easat-10161	238	25	matrices	matrix	NOUN
easat-10161	238	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	238	27	bias	bias	NOUN
easat-10161	238	28	vectors	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	238	29	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	238	30	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	238	31	𝑙	𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	238	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	238	33	𝑎	𝑎	X
easat-10161	238	34	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	238	35	the	the	DET
easat-10161	238	36	hidden	hide	VERB
easat-10161	238	37	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	238	38	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10161	238	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	238	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	238	41	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	238	42	̂	̂	VERB
easat-10161	238	43	�	�	NOUN
easat-10161	238	44	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	238	45	the	the	DET
easat-10161	238	46	estimated	estimate	VERB
easat-10161	238	47	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	238	48	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	239	1	training	training	NOUN
easat-10161	239	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	239	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	239	4	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	239	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	239	6	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-10161	239	7	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	239	8	supervised	supervised	ADJ
easat-10161	239	9	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	239	10	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	239	11	a	a	DET
easat-10161	239	12	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10161	239	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	239	14	{	{	PUNCT
easat-10161	239	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	239	16	𝑋𝑘	𝑋𝑘	PROPN
easat-10161	239	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	239	18	𝑌𝑘)}𝑘=1	𝑌𝑘)}𝑘=1	PUNCT
easat-10161	239	19	𝑀	𝑀	PROPN
easat-10161	239	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	240	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	240	2	objective	objective	NOUN
easat-10161	240	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	240	4	to	to	PART
easat-10161	240	5	minimize	minimize	VERB
easat-10161	240	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	240	7	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	240	8	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	240	9	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	240	10	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	240	11	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	240	12	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	240	13	ℒ𝐴𝑁𝑁(𝜋	ℒ𝐴𝑁𝑁(𝜋	NOUN
easat-10161	240	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	240	15	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	240	16	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	240	17	𝑀	𝑀	PROPN
easat-10161	240	18	∑	∑	SYM
easat-10161	240	19	‖𝑦𝑘	‖𝑦𝑘	NUM
easat-10161	240	20	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	240	21	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	240	22	̂	̂	SYM
easat-10161	240	23	�	�	NOUN
easat-10161	240	24	𝑘‖2𝑀	𝑘‖2𝑀	ADJ
easat-10161	240	25	𝑘=1	𝑘=1	NOUN
easat-10161	240	26	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	240	27	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	240	28	𝑁	𝑁	NOUN
easat-10161	240	29	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	240	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	240	31	𝑉𝑖	𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	240	32	𝑝	𝑝	PROPN
easat-10161	240	33	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	241	1	𝑉𝑖	𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	241	2	𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒	𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒	NOUN
easat-10161	241	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	241	4	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	242	1	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	242	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	242	3	𝛿𝑖	𝛿𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	242	4	𝑝	𝑝	PROPN
easat-10161	242	5	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	242	6	𝛿𝑖	𝛿𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	242	7	𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒	𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒	NOUN
easat-10161	242	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	242	9	2𝑁	2𝑁	NOUN
easat-10161	242	10	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PROPN
easat-10161	242	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	242	12	36	36	NUM
easat-10161	242	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	242	14	1545	1545	NUM
easat-10161	242	15	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	242	16	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	242	17	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	242	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	242	19	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	242	20	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	242	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	242	22	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	242	23	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	242	24	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	242	25	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	242	26	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	243	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	243	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	243	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	243	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	243	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	243	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	243	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	243	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	243	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	243	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	243	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	243	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	243	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	243	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	243	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	243	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	243	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	243	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	243	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	243	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	243	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	243	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	243	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	243	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	243	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	243	26	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	243	27	𝑉𝑖	𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	243	28	𝑝	𝑝	PROPN
easat-10161	243	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	243	30	𝛿𝑖	𝛿𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	243	31	𝑝	𝑝	PROPN
easat-10161	243	32	represent	represent	VERB
easat-10161	243	33	the	the	DET
easat-10161	243	34	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	243	35	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	243	36	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	243	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	243	38	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	243	39	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	243	40	𝑉𝑖	𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	243	41	𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒	𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒	NOUN
easat-10161	243	42	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	243	43	𝛿𝑖	𝛿𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	243	44	𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒	𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒	NOUN
easat-10161	243	45	represent	represent	VERB
easat-10161	243	46	the	the	DET
easat-10161	243	47	true	true	ADJ
easat-10161	243	48	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	243	49	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	243	50	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	243	51	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	243	52	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	243	53	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	243	54	the	the	DET
easat-10161	243	55	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	243	56	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	243	57	solution	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	243	58	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	244	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	244	2	gradient	gradient	NOUN
easat-10161	244	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	244	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	244	5	hidden	hide	VERB
easat-10161	244	6	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	244	7	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	244	8	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	244	9	computed	compute	VERB
easat-10161	244	10	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	244	11	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	244	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	244	13	37	37	NUM
easat-10161	244	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	244	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	244	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	244	17	38	38	NUM
easat-10161	244	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	244	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	244	20	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10161	244	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	245	1	𝜕(2	𝜕(2	X
easat-10161	245	2	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	245	3	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	245	4	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	245	5	̂	̂	NUM
easat-10161	245	6	�	�	NOUN
easat-10161	245	7	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	245	8	𝑦	𝑦	SYM
easat-10161	245	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	245	10	37	37	NUM
easat-10161	245	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	245	12	𝜕1	𝜕1	X
easat-10161	245	13	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	245	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	245	15	𝑊(2)𝜏	𝑊(2)𝜏	PRON
easat-10161	245	16	𝜕(2	𝜕(2	NOUN
easat-10161	245	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	245	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	246	1	°	°	PROPN
easat-10161	246	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	246	3	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	246	4	−	−	NUM
easat-10161	246	5	𝑎(1)	𝑎(1)	NOUN
easat-10161	246	6	°	°	ADP
easat-10161	246	7	𝑎(1	𝑎(1	NOUN
easat-10161	246	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	246	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	246	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	246	11	38	38	NUM
easat-10161	246	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	246	13	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	246	14	°	°	PROPN
easat-10161	246	15	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	246	16	element	element	ADJ
easat-10161	246	17	-	-	ADJ
easat-10161	246	18	wise	wise	ADJ
easat-10161	246	19	multiplication	multiplication	NOUN
easat-10161	246	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	246	21	𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ	𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ	NOUN
easat-10161	246	22	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10161	246	23	derivative	derivative	NOUN
easat-10161	246	24	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	246	25	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	246	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	247	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	247	2	weights	weight	NOUN
easat-10161	247	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	247	4	biases	bias	NOUN
easat-10161	247	5	update	update	VERB
easat-10161	247	6	iteratively	iteratively	ADV
easat-10161	247	7	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	247	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	247	9	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	247	10	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10161	247	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	247	12	𝜂	𝜂	PRON
easat-10161	247	13	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	247	14	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	247	15	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	247	16	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	247	17	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	247	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	247	19	39	39	NUM
easat-10161	247	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	247	21	tipu	tipu	PROPN
easat-10161	247	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	247	23	et	et	PROPN
easat-10161	247	24	al	al	PROPN
easat-10161	247	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	248	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	248	2	35	35	NUM
easat-10161	248	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	248	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	249	1	𝑊(𝑙	𝑊(𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	249	2	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	249	3	⟵	⟵	NOUN
easat-10161	249	4	𝑊(𝑙	𝑊(𝑙	NOUN
easat-10161	249	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	249	6	−	−	NOUN
easat-10161	249	7	𝜂𝜕(𝑙)(𝑎(𝑙−1	𝜂𝜕(𝑙)(𝑎(𝑙−1	PROPN
easat-10161	249	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	249	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	250	1	𝜏	𝜏	NOUN
easat-10161	250	2	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	250	3	𝑏(𝑙	𝑏(𝑙	PROPN
easat-10161	250	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	250	5	⟵	⟵	NOUN
easat-10161	250	6	𝑏(𝑙	𝑏(𝑙	PROPN
easat-10161	250	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	250	8	−	−	ADP
easat-10161	250	9	𝜂𝜕(𝑙	𝜂𝜕(𝑙	NUM
easat-10161	250	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	250	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	250	12	39	39	NUM
easat-10161	250	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	250	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	250	15	training	training	NOUN
easat-10161	250	16	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	250	17	continued	continue	VERB
easat-10161	250	18	until	until	SCONJ
easat-10161	250	19	the	the	DET
easat-10161	250	20	mse	mse	PROPN
easat-10161	250	21	converges	converge	VERB
easat-10161	250	22	below	below	ADP
easat-10161	250	23	a	a	DET
easat-10161	250	24	specified	specified	ADJ
easat-10161	250	25	threshold	threshold	NOUN
easat-10161	250	26	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	250	27	a	a	DET
easat-10161	250	28	maximum	maximum	ADJ
easat-10161	250	29	epoch	epoch	NOUN
easat-10161	250	30	count	count	NOUN
easat-10161	250	31	has	have	AUX
easat-10161	250	32	been	be	AUX
easat-10161	250	33	reached	reach	VERB
easat-10161	250	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	251	1	4.3.2	4.3.2	X
easat-10161	251	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	252	1	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-10161	252	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	252	3	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	252	4	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	252	5	embeds	embed	VERB
easat-10161	252	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	252	7	governing	govern	VERB
easat-10161	252	8	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
easat-10161	252	9	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	252	10	balance	balance	NOUN
easat-10161	252	11	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	252	12	directly	directly	ADV
easat-10161	252	13	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	252	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	252	15	training	training	NOUN
easat-10161	252	16	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	252	17	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	252	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	253	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	253	2	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-10161	253	3	leverages	leverage	VERB
easat-10161	253	4	both	both	PRON
easat-10161	253	5	data	data	NOUN
easat-10161	253	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	253	7	driven	drive	VERB
easat-10161	253	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	253	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	253	10	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	253	11	constraints	constraint	NOUN
easat-10161	253	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	253	13	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-10161	253	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	253	15	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	253	16	to	to	PART
easat-10161	253	17	approximate	approximate	ADJ
easat-10161	253	18	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	253	19	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	253	20	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	253	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	253	22	𝑉𝑖	𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	253	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	253	24	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	253	25	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	253	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	253	27	𝛿𝑖	𝛿𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	253	28	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	253	29	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	253	30	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	253	31	injections	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	253	32	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	253	33	satisfying	satisfy	VERB
easat-10161	253	34	kirchhoff	kirchhoff	PROPN
easat-10161	253	35	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	253	36	laws	law	NOUN
easat-10161	253	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	253	38	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	253	39	admittances	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	253	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	254	1	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	254	2	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10161	254	3	consists	consist	VERB
easat-10161	254	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	254	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	254	6	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10161	254	7	connected	connect	VERB
easat-10161	254	8	feed	feed	NOUN
easat-10161	254	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	254	10	forward	forward	NOUN
easat-10161	254	11	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	254	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	254	13	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	254	14	an	an	DET
easat-10161	254	15	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	254	16	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	254	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	254	18	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-10161	254	19	hidden	hide	VERB
easat-10161	254	20	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	254	21	employing	employ	VERB
easat-10161	254	22	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
easat-10161	254	23	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10161	254	24	functions	function	NOUN
easat-10161	254	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	254	26	an	an	DET
easat-10161	254	27	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	254	28	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	254	29	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	254	30	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-10161	254	31	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10161	254	32	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	254	33	shown	show	VERB
easat-10161	254	34	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	254	35	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	254	36	8	8	NUM
easat-10161	254	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	255	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	255	2	8	8	NUM
easat-10161	255	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	256	1	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	256	2	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	256	3	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	256	4	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	256	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	256	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	257	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	257	2	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	257	3	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	257	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	257	5	𝑥	𝑥	PROPN
easat-10161	257	6	contains	contain	VERB
easat-10161	257	7	all	all	DET
easat-10161	257	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	257	9	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	257	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	257	11	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	257	12	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	257	13	injections	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	257	14	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	257	15	all	all	ADV
easat-10161	257	16	𝑁	𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	257	17	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	257	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	257	19	including	include	VERB
easat-10161	257	20	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	257	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	257	22	generator	generator	NOUN
easat-10161	257	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	257	24	slack	slack	VERB
easat-10161	257	25	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	257	26	injections	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	257	27	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	257	28	modeled	model	VERB
easat-10161	257	29	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	257	30	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	257	31	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	257	32	31	31	NUM
easat-10161	257	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	257	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	257	35	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	257	36	the	the	DET
easat-10161	257	37	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	257	38	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	257	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	257	40	𝑦	𝑦	NOUN
easat-10161	257	41	contains	contain	VERB
easat-10161	257	42	all	all	DET
easat-10161	257	43	the	the	DET
easat-10161	257	44	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	257	45	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	257	46	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	257	47	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	257	48	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	257	49	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	257	50	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	257	51	modeled	model	VERB
easat-10161	257	52	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	257	53	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	257	54	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	257	55	32	32	NUM
easat-10161	257	56	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	257	57	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	258	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	258	2	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
easat-10161	258	3	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	258	4	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	258	5	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	258	6	serve	serve	VERB
easat-10161	258	7	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	258	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	258	9	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	258	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	258	11	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	258	12	residuals	residual	NOUN
easat-10161	258	13	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
easat-10161	258	14	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	258	15	the	the	DET
easat-10161	258	16	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	258	17	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	258	18	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	258	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	259	1	hence	hence	ADV
easat-10161	259	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	259	3	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	259	4	each	each	DET
easat-10161	259	5	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	259	6	𝑖	𝑖	SYM
easat-10161	259	7	∈	∈	PROPN
easat-10161	259	8	{	{	PUNCT
easat-10161	259	9	1,2	1,2	NUM
easat-10161	259	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	259	11	…	…	PUNCT
easat-10161	259	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	260	1	𝑁	𝑁	NOUN
easat-10161	260	2	}	}	PUNCT
easat-10161	260	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	260	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	260	5	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	260	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	260	7	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	260	8	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	260	9	balance	balance	NOUN
easat-10161	260	10	residuals	residual	NOUN
easat-10161	260	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	260	12	ℛ𝑃𝑖(𝑦	ℛ𝑃𝑖(𝑦	NOUN
easat-10161	260	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	260	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	260	15	ℛ𝑄𝑖(𝑦	ℛ𝑄𝑖(𝑦	NUM
easat-10161	260	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	260	17	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	260	18	computed	compute	VERB
easat-10161	260	19	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	260	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	260	21	ℛ𝑃𝑖(𝑦	ℛ𝑃𝑖(𝑦	PROPN
easat-10161	260	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	260	23	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	260	24	𝑃𝐺𝑖	𝑃𝐺𝑖	ADJ
easat-10161	260	25	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	260	26	𝑃𝐿𝑖	𝑃𝐿𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	260	27	−	−	NUM
easat-10161	260	28	∑	∑	NOUN
easat-10161	260	29	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑗𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛿𝑖	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑗𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛿𝑖	X
easat-10161	260	30	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	260	31	𝛿𝑗	𝛿𝑗	PRON
easat-10161	260	32	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	260	33	𝛾𝑖𝑗)𝑁	𝛾𝑖𝑗)𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	260	34	𝑗=1	𝑗=1	PROPN
easat-10161	261	1	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	261	2	0	0	PUNCT
easat-10161	261	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	261	4	40	40	NUM
easat-10161	261	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	261	6	1546	1546	NUM
easat-10161	261	7	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	261	8	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	261	9	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	261	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	261	11	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	261	12	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	261	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	261	14	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	261	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	261	16	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	261	17	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	261	18	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	262	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	262	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	262	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	262	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	262	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	262	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	262	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	262	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	262	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	262	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	262	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	262	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	262	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	262	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	262	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	262	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	262	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	262	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	262	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	262	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	262	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	262	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	262	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	262	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	262	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	262	26	ℛ𝑄𝑖(𝑦	ℛ𝑄𝑖(𝑦	PROPN
easat-10161	262	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	263	1	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	263	2	𝑄𝐺𝑖	𝑄𝐺𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	263	3	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	263	4	𝑄𝐿𝑖	𝑄𝐿𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	263	5	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	263	6	∑	∑	PROPN
easat-10161	263	7	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑗𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛿𝑖	𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑗𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛿𝑖	X
easat-10161	263	8	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	263	9	𝛿𝑗	𝛿𝑗	PRON
easat-10161	263	10	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	263	11	𝛾𝑖𝑗)𝑁	𝛾𝑖𝑗)𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	263	12	𝑗=1	𝑗=1	PROPN
easat-10161	263	13	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	263	14	0	0	PUNCT
easat-10161	263	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	263	16	41	41	NUM
easat-10161	263	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	263	18	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	263	19	should	should	AUX
easat-10161	263	20	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	263	21	noted	note	VERB
easat-10161	263	22	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	263	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	263	24	slack	slack	NOUN
easat-10161	263	25	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	263	26	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	263	27	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	263	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	263	29	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	263	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	263	31	as	as	ADV
easat-10161	263	32	well	well	ADV
easat-10161	263	33	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	263	34	the	the	DET
easat-10161	263	35	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	263	36	admittances	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	263	37	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	263	38	enforced	enforce	VERB
easat-10161	263	39	via	via	ADP
easat-10161	263	40	fixed	fix	VERB
easat-10161	263	41	boundary	boundary	ADJ
easat-10161	263	42	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	263	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	263	44	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	263	45	the	the	DET
easat-10161	263	46	pv	pv	NOUN
easat-10161	263	47	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	263	48	have	have	VERB
easat-10161	263	49	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	263	50	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	263	51	constrained	constrain	VERB
easat-10161	263	52	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	263	53	a	a	DET
easat-10161	263	54	specified	specified	ADJ
easat-10161	263	55	setpoint	setpoint	NOUN
easat-10161	263	56	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	263	57	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	263	58	the	the	DET
easat-10161	263	59	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	263	60	estimating	estimate	VERB
easat-10161	263	61	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	263	62	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	263	63	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
easat-10161	263	64	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	264	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	264	2	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	264	3	training	training	NOUN
easat-10161	264	4	minimizes	minimize	VERB
easat-10161	264	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	264	6	composite	composite	ADJ
easat-10161	264	7	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	264	8	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	264	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	264	10	ℒ𝑃𝐼𝑁𝑁(𝜋	ℒ𝑃𝐼𝑁𝑁(𝜋	NOUN
easat-10161	264	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	264	12	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	264	13	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	264	14	computed	compute	VERB
easat-10161	264	15	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	264	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	264	17	ℒ𝑃𝐼𝑁𝑁(𝜋	ℒ𝑃𝐼𝑁𝑁(𝜋	ADJ
easat-10161	264	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	265	1	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	265	2	ℒ𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎	ℒ𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎	PROPN
easat-10161	265	3	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	266	1	𝜆ℒ𝑝ℎ𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑠	𝜆ℒ𝑝ℎ𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	266	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	266	3	42	42	NUM
easat-10161	266	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	266	5	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	266	6	𝜋	𝜋	PRON
easat-10161	266	7	denotes	denote	VERB
easat-10161	266	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	266	9	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	266	10	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	266	11	parameters	parameter	NOUN
easat-10161	266	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	266	13	weights	weight	NOUN
easat-10161	266	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	266	15	biases	bias	NOUN
easat-10161	266	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	266	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	266	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	266	19	𝜆	𝜆	PRON
easat-10161	266	20	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	266	21	a	a	DET
easat-10161	266	22	hyperparameter	hyperparameter	NOUN
easat-10161	266	23	balancing	balance	VERB
easat-10161	266	24	the	the	DET
easat-10161	266	25	two	two	NUM
easat-10161	266	26	terms	term	NOUN
easat-10161	266	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	267	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	267	2	data	data	NOUN
easat-10161	267	3	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	267	4	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	267	5	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	267	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	267	7	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	267	8	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	267	9	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	267	10	outputs	output	NOUN
easat-10161	267	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	267	12	the	the	DET
easat-10161	267	13	nr	nr	PROPN
easat-10161	267	14	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	267	15	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	267	16	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	267	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	267	18	computed	compute	VERB
easat-10161	267	19	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	267	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	268	1	ℒ𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎	ℒ𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎	PROPN
easat-10161	268	2	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	268	3	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	268	4	𝑀	𝑀	PROPN
easat-10161	268	5	∑	∑	SYM
easat-10161	268	6	‖𝑦𝑘	‖𝑦𝑘	NUM
easat-10161	268	7	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	268	8	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	268	9	̂	̂	SYM
easat-10161	268	10	�	�	NOUN
easat-10161	268	11	𝑘‖2𝑀	𝑘‖2𝑀	ADJ
easat-10161	268	12	𝑘=1	𝑘=1	PROPN
easat-10161	268	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	268	14	43	43	NUM
easat-10161	268	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	268	16	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	268	17	the	the	DET
easat-10161	268	18	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	268	19	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	268	20	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	268	21	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	268	22	the	the	DET
easat-10161	268	23	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	268	24	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	268	25	residuals	residual	NOUN
easat-10161	268	26	over	over	ADP
easat-10161	268	27	all	all	DET
easat-10161	268	28	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	268	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	268	30	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10161	268	31	enforcing	enforce	VERB
easat-10161	268	32	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	268	33	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	268	34	constraints	constraint	NOUN
easat-10161	268	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	268	36	computed	compute	VERB
easat-10161	268	37	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	268	38	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	268	39	ℒ𝑝ℎ𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑠	ℒ𝑝ℎ𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	268	40	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	268	41	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	268	42	𝑀	𝑀	PROPN
easat-10161	268	43	∑	∑	PROPN
easat-10161	268	44	∑	∑	PROPN
easat-10161	268	45	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	268	46	ℛ𝑃𝑖(	ℛ𝑃𝑖(	PROPN
easat-10161	268	47	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	268	48	̂	̂	NOUN
easat-10161	268	49	�	�	NOUN
easat-10161	268	50	𝑘)2	𝑘)2	NOUN
easat-10161	268	51	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	268	52	ℛ𝑄𝑖(	ℛ𝑄𝑖(	PROPN
easat-10161	268	53	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	268	54	̂	̂	NOUN
easat-10161	268	55	�	�	NOUN
easat-10161	268	56	𝑘)2)𝑁	𝑘)2)𝑁	VERB
easat-10161	268	57	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PROPN
easat-10161	268	58	𝑀	𝑀	PROPN
easat-10161	268	59	𝑘=1	𝑘=1	PROPN
easat-10161	268	60	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	268	61	44	44	NUM
easat-10161	268	62	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	268	63	the	the	DET
easat-10161	268	64	expression	expression	NOUN
easat-10161	268	65	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	268	66	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	268	67	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	268	68	44	44	NUM
easat-10161	268	69	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	268	70	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	268	71	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	268	72	to	to	PART
easat-10161	268	73	penalize	penalize	VERB
easat-10161	268	74	any	any	DET
easat-10161	268	75	kind	kind	NOUN
easat-10161	268	76	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	268	77	deviations	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	268	78	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	268	79	the	the	DET
easat-10161	268	80	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	268	81	laws	law	NOUN
easat-10161	268	82	embedded	embed	VERB
easat-10161	268	83	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	268	84	the	the	DET
easat-10161	268	85	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	268	86	output	output	NOUN
easat-10161	268	87	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	269	1	4.3.3	4.3.3	X
easat-10161	269	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	270	1	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-10161	270	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	270	3	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	270	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	270	5	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	270	6	leverages	leverage	VERB
easat-10161	270	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	270	8	inherent	inherent	ADJ
easat-10161	270	9	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	270	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	270	11	structured	structure	VERB
easat-10161	270	12	nature	nature	NOUN
easat-10161	270	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	270	14	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	270	15	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	270	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	270	17	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-10161	270	18	spatially	spatially	ADV
easat-10161	270	19	aware	aware	ADJ
easat-10161	270	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	270	21	scalable	scalable	ADJ
easat-10161	270	22	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	270	23	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	270	24	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	270	25	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	270	26	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
easat-10161	270	27	modeling	model	VERB
easat-10161	270	28	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	270	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	270	30	lines	line	NOUN
easat-10161	270	31	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	270	32	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	270	33	components	component	NOUN
easat-10161	270	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	271	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	271	2	learns	learn	VERB
easat-10161	271	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	271	4	mapping	map	VERB
easat-10161	271	5	nodal	nodal	NOUN
easat-10161	271	6	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	271	7	injections	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	271	8	to	to	PART
easat-10161	271	9	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	271	10	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	271	11	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	271	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	271	13	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	271	14	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	271	15	aggregating	aggregate	VERB
easat-10161	271	16	information	information	NOUN
easat-10161	271	17	along	along	ADP
easat-10161	271	18	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-10161	271	19	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	271	20	edges	edge	NOUN
easat-10161	271	21	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	271	22	depicted	depict	VERB
easat-10161	271	23	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	271	24	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	271	25	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	271	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	271	27	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	271	28	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	271	29	.	.	X
easat-10161	272	1	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	272	2	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	272	3	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	272	4	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	272	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	272	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	273	2	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	273	3	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	273	4	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	273	5	modeled	model	VERB
easat-10161	273	6	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	273	7	a	a	DET
easat-10161	273	8	directionless	directionless	ADJ
easat-10161	273	9	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	273	10	𝐺𝑝	𝐺𝑝	PROPN
easat-10161	273	11	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	13	∪	∪	X
easat-10161	273	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	15	휀	휀	NOUN
easat-10161	273	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	17	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	18	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	273	19	∪=	∪=	PROPN
easat-10161	273	20	{	{	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	21	1,2	1,2	NUM
easat-10161	273	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	23	…	…	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	26	𝑁	𝑁	NOUN
easat-10161	273	27	}	}	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	28	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	273	29	the	the	DET
easat-10161	273	30	set	set	NOUN
easat-10161	273	31	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	273	32	n	n	PRON
easat-10161	273	33	nodes	node	NOUN
easat-10161	273	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	35	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	273	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	37	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	273	38	the	the	DET
easat-10161	273	39	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	273	40	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	273	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	273	42	휀	휀	DET
easat-10161	273	43	⊆∪×∪	⊆∪×∪	NOUN
easat-10161	273	44	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	273	45	the	the	DET
easat-10161	273	46	set	set	NOUN
easat-10161	273	47	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	273	48	edges	edge	NOUN
easat-10161	273	49	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	50	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-10161	273	51	lines	line	NOUN
easat-10161	273	52	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	273	53	connecting	connect	VERB
easat-10161	273	54	the	the	DET
easat-10161	273	55	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	273	56	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	274	1	each	each	DET
easat-10161	274	2	node	node	NOUN
easat-10161	274	3	𝑖	𝑖	DET
easat-10161	274	4	∈∪	∈∪	NOUN
easat-10161	274	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	274	6	associated	associate	VERB
easat-10161	274	7	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	274	8	an	an	DET
easat-10161	274	9	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	274	10	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	274	11	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	274	12	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	274	13	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	274	14	ℎ𝑖	ℎ𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	274	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	274	16	0	0	NUM
easat-10161	274	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	274	18	=	=	NOUN
easat-10161	275	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	275	2	𝑃𝑖	𝑃𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	275	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	4	𝑄𝑖	𝑄𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	275	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	6	𝑃𝐺	𝑃𝐺	NOUN
easat-10161	275	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	8	𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓	𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓	PROPN
easat-10161	275	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	10	𝐵𝑡𝑖	𝐵𝑡𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	275	11	…	…	X
easat-10161	275	12	……	……	NOUN
easat-10161	275	13	]	]	X
easat-10161	275	14	τ	τ	X
easat-10161	275	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	16	45	45	NUM
easat-10161	275	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	18	the	the	DET
easat-10161	275	19	input	input	NOUN
easat-10161	275	20	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10161	275	21	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	275	22	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	275	23	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	275	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	25	45	45	NUM
easat-10161	275	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	27	includes	include	VERB
easat-10161	275	28	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	275	29	/	/	SYM
easat-10161	275	30	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	275	31	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	275	32	injections	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	275	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	34	generated	generate	VERB
easat-10161	275	35	active	active	ADJ
easat-10161	275	36	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	275	37	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	275	38	applicable	applicable	ADJ
easat-10161	275	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	40	reference	reference	NOUN
easat-10161	275	41	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	275	42	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	275	43	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	275	44	slack	slack	NOUN
easat-10161	275	45	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	275	46	pv	pv	NOUN
easat-10161	275	47	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	275	48	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	275	49	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	275	50	type	type	NOUN
easat-10161	275	51	indicators	indicator	NOUN
easat-10161	275	52	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	53	𝐵𝑡𝑖.	𝐵𝑡𝑖.	PROPN
easat-10161	275	54	each	each	DET
easat-10161	275	55	edge	edge	NOUN
easat-10161	275	56	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	57	𝑖	𝑖	SYM
easat-10161	275	58	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	59	𝑗	𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	275	60	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	275	61	∈	∈	PROPN
easat-10161	276	1	휀	휀	NOUN
easat-10161	276	2	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	276	3	characterized	characterize	VERB
easat-10161	276	4	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	276	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	276	6	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	276	7	admittance	admittance	NOUN
easat-10161	276	8	parameters	parameter	NOUN
easat-10161	276	9	representing	represent	VERB
easat-10161	276	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	276	11	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	276	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	276	13	|𝑌𝑖𝑗|	|𝑌𝑖𝑗|	NOUN
easat-10161	276	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	276	15	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	276	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	276	17	𝛾𝑖𝑗	𝛾𝑖𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	276	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	276	19	the	the	DET
easat-10161	276	20	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-10161	276	21	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	276	22	given	give	VERB
easat-10161	276	23	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	276	24	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	276	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	276	26	46	46	NUM
easat-10161	276	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	276	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	277	1	𝑒𝑖𝑗	𝑒𝑖𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	278	1	=	=	PUNCT
easat-10161	279	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	279	2	|𝑌𝑖𝑗|	|𝑌𝑖𝑗|	NOUN
easat-10161	279	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	279	4	𝛾𝑖𝑗	𝛾𝑖𝑗	NOUN
easat-10161	279	5	]	]	X
easat-10161	279	6	𝜏	𝜏	X
easat-10161	279	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	279	8	46	46	NUM
easat-10161	279	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	279	10	1547	1547	NUM
easat-10161	279	11	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	279	12	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	279	13	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	279	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	279	15	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	279	16	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	279	17	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	279	18	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	279	19	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	279	20	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	279	21	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	279	22	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	280	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	280	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	280	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	280	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	280	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	280	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	280	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	280	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	280	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	280	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	280	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	280	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	280	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	280	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	280	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	280	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	280	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	280	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	280	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	280	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	280	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	280	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	280	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	280	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	280	25	gate	gate	VERB
easat-10161	280	26	the	the	DET
easat-10161	280	27	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	280	28	iteratively	iteratively	ADV
easat-10161	280	29	updates	update	VERB
easat-10161	280	30	node	node	ADJ
easat-10161	280	31	embeddings	embedding	NOUN
easat-10161	280	32	through	through	ADP
easat-10161	280	33	𝑇	𝑇	NOUN
easat-10161	280	34	message	message	NOUN
easat-10161	280	35	passing	pass	VERB
easat-10161	280	36	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	280	37	to	to	PART
easat-10161	280	38	capture	capture	VERB
easat-10161	280	39	spatial	spatial	ADJ
easat-10161	280	40	dependencies	dependency	NOUN
easat-10161	280	41	[	[	X
easat-10161	280	42	38	38	NUM
easat-10161	280	43	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	280	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	281	1	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	281	2	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	281	3	𝑡	𝑡	ADP
easat-10161	281	4	∈	∈	PROPN
easat-10161	281	5	{	{	PUNCT
easat-10161	281	6	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	281	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	281	8	…	…	PUNCT
easat-10161	281	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	281	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	282	1	𝑇	𝑇	PROPN
easat-10161	282	2	}	}	PUNCT
easat-10161	282	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	282	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	282	5	embedding	embed	VERB
easat-10161	282	6	ℎ𝑖	ℎ𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	282	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	282	8	𝑡	𝑡	NOUN
easat-10161	282	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	282	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	282	11	node	node	NOUN
easat-10161	282	12	𝑖	𝑖	VERB
easat-10161	282	13	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	282	14	updated	update	VERB
easat-10161	282	15	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	282	16	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	282	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	282	18	47	47	NUM
easat-10161	282	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	282	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	282	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	282	22	48	48	NUM
easat-10161	282	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	283	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	283	2	38	38	NUM
easat-10161	283	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	283	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	1	𝑚𝑖	𝑚𝑖	PRON
easat-10161	284	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	3	𝑡	𝑡	NOUN
easat-10161	284	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	5	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	284	6	∑	∑	PROPN
easat-10161	284	7	𝜑𝑚	𝜑𝑚	PROPN
easat-10161	284	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	9	ℎ𝑖	ℎ𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	284	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	11	𝑡−1	𝑡−1	PROPN
easat-10161	284	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	14	ℎ𝑗	ℎ𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	284	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	16	𝑡−1	𝑡−1	PROPN
easat-10161	284	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	19	𝑒𝑖𝑗)𝑗∈ℵ(𝑖	𝑒𝑖𝑗)𝑗∈ℵ(𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	284	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	22	47	47	NUM
easat-10161	284	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	24	ℎ𝑖	ℎ𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	284	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	26	𝑡	𝑡	NOUN
easat-10161	284	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	28	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	284	29	𝜑𝑢	𝜑𝑢	NOUN
easat-10161	284	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	31	ℎ𝑖	ℎ𝑖	INTJ
easat-10161	284	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	33	𝑡−1	𝑡−1	PROPN
easat-10161	284	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	36	𝑚𝑖	𝑚𝑖	PRON
easat-10161	284	37	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	38	𝑡	𝑡	NOUN
easat-10161	284	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	41	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	42	48	48	NUM
easat-10161	284	43	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	44	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	284	45	𝜑𝑚	𝜑𝑚	PROPN
easat-10161	284	46	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	284	47	a	a	DET
easat-10161	284	48	learnable	learnable	ADJ
easat-10161	284	49	message	message	NOUN
easat-10161	284	50	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	284	51	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	284	52	𝜑𝑢	𝜑𝑢	NOUN
easat-10161	284	53	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	284	54	a	a	DET
easat-10161	284	55	s	s	NOUN
easat-10161	284	56	a	a	DET
easat-10161	284	57	learnable	learnable	ADJ
easat-10161	284	58	update	update	NOUN
easat-10161	284	59	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	284	60	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	284	61	should	should	AUX
easat-10161	284	62	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	284	63	noted	note	VERB
easat-10161	284	64	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	284	65	equations	equation	NOUN
easat-10161	284	66	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	67	47	47	NUM
easat-10161	284	68	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	69	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	284	70	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	71	48	48	NUM
easat-10161	284	72	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	284	73	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	284	74	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	284	75	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	284	76	the	the	DET
easat-10161	284	77	passing	pass	VERB
easat-10161	284	78	message	message	NOUN
easat-10161	284	79	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	284	80	nodes	node	NOUN
easat-10161	284	81	update	update	VERB
easat-10161	284	82	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10161	284	83	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	285	1	after	after	ADP
easat-10161	285	2	𝑇	𝑇	PROPN
easat-10161	285	3	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10161	285	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	285	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	285	6	final	final	ADJ
easat-10161	285	7	node	node	ADJ
easat-10161	285	8	embeddings	embedding	NOUN
easat-10161	285	9	ℎ𝑖	ℎ𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	285	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	285	11	𝑇	𝑇	PROPN
easat-10161	285	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	285	13	encode	encode	VERB
easat-10161	285	14	both	both	DET
easat-10161	285	15	local	local	ADJ
easat-10161	285	16	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10161	285	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	285	18	global	global	ADJ
easat-10161	285	19	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	285	20	context	context	NOUN
easat-10161	285	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	1	each	each	DET
easat-10161	286	2	node	node	NOUN
easat-10161	286	3	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	286	4	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	286	5	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	286	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	286	7	angle	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	286	8	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	286	9	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	286	10	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	286	11	a	a	DET
easat-10161	286	12	readout	readout	NOUN
easat-10161	286	13	function	function	NOUN
easat-10161	286	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	15	𝛽	𝛽	NOUN
easat-10161	286	16	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	286	17	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	286	18	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	286	19	final	final	ADJ
easat-10161	286	20	embedding	embedding	NOUN
easat-10161	286	21	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	286	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	23	[	[	X
easat-10161	286	24	�	�	NOUN
easat-10161	286	25	̂	̂	SYM
easat-10161	286	26	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	286	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	28	𝛿	𝛿	NOUN
easat-10161	286	29	]	]	X
easat-10161	286	30	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	286	31	𝛽	𝛽	PROPN
easat-10161	286	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	33	ℎ𝑖	ℎ𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	286	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	35	𝑇	𝑇	PROPN
easat-10161	286	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	37	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	39	49	49	NUM
easat-10161	286	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	41	the	the	DET
easat-10161	286	42	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	286	43	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	286	44	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	286	45	trained	train	VERB
easat-10161	286	46	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	286	47	a	a	DET
easat-10161	286	48	supervised	supervised	ADJ
easat-10161	286	49	manner	manner	NOUN
easat-10161	286	50	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	286	51	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10161	286	52	{	{	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	53	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	54	𝑋𝑘	𝑋𝑘	PROPN
easat-10161	286	55	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	56	𝑌𝑘)}𝑘=1	𝑌𝑘)}𝑘=1	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	57	𝑀	𝑀	PROPN
easat-10161	286	58	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	59	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	286	60	𝑋𝑘	𝑋𝑘	PROPN
easat-10161	286	61	contains	contain	VERB
easat-10161	286	62	the	the	DET
easat-10161	286	63	nodal	nodal	NOUN
easat-10161	286	64	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	286	65	injections	injection	NOUN
easat-10161	286	66	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	286	67	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	286	68	topology	topology	NOUN
easat-10161	286	69	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	286	70	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	286	71	𝑌𝑘	𝑌𝑘	PROPN
easat-10161	286	72	contains	contain	VERB
easat-10161	286	73	the	the	DET
easat-10161	286	74	ground	ground	NOUN
easat-10161	286	75	truth	truth	NOUN
easat-10161	286	76	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	286	77	profiles	profile	NOUN
easat-10161	286	78	obtained	obtain	VERB
easat-10161	286	79	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	286	80	nr	nr	PROPN
easat-10161	286	81	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	286	82	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	286	83	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	286	84	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	1	hence	hence	ADV
easat-10161	287	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	287	4	training	training	NOUN
easat-10161	287	5	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10161	287	6	minimizes	minimize	VERB
easat-10161	287	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	287	8	mean	mean	ADJ
easat-10161	287	9	squared	square	VERB
easat-10161	287	10	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	287	11	using	using	NOUN
easat-10161	287	12	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	13	ℒ𝐺𝑁𝑁(𝜋	ℒ𝐺𝑁𝑁(𝜋	ADJ
easat-10161	287	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	15	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	287	16	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	287	17	𝑀	𝑀	PROPN
easat-10161	287	18	∑	∑	PROPN
easat-10161	287	19	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	22	𝑉𝑖	𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	287	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	24	𝑘	𝑘	NOUN
easat-10161	287	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	26	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	287	27	�	�	PROPN
easat-10161	287	28	̂	̂	NOUN
easat-10161	287	29	�	�	NOUN
easat-10161	287	30	𝑖	𝑖	SYM
easat-10161	287	31	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	32	𝑘	𝑘	NOUN
easat-10161	287	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	287	35	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	288	1	+	+	CCONJ
easat-10161	288	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	288	3	𝛿𝑖	𝛿𝑖	X
easat-10161	288	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	288	5	𝑘	𝑘	NOUN
easat-10161	288	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	288	7	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	288	8	𝛿𝑖	𝛿𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	288	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	288	10	𝑘	𝑘	NOUN
easat-10161	288	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	288	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	288	13	2	2	X
easat-10161	288	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	288	15	𝑁	𝑁	PROPN
easat-10161	288	16	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PROPN
easat-10161	288	17	𝑀	𝑀	PROPN
easat-10161	288	18	𝑘=1	𝑘=1	PROPN
easat-10161	288	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	288	20	50	50	NUM
easat-10161	288	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	288	22	the	the	DET
easat-10161	288	23	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10161	288	24	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10161	288	25	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	288	26	the	the	DET
easat-10161	288	27	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	288	28	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	288	29	improved	improve	VERB
easat-10161	288	30	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	288	31	enforcing	enforce	VERB
easat-10161	288	32	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	288	33	balance	balance	NOUN
easat-10161	288	34	residuals	residual	NOUN
easat-10161	288	35	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	288	36	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	288	37	the	the	DET
easat-10161	288	38	case	case	NOUN
easat-10161	288	39	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	288	40	the	the	DET
easat-10161	288	41	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	288	42	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	288	43	to	to	PART
easat-10161	288	44	improve	improve	VERB
easat-10161	288	45	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-10161	288	46	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	288	47	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	288	48	consistency	consistency	NOUN
easat-10161	288	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	289	1	4.4	4.4	NUM
easat-10161	289	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	1	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	290	2	evaluators	evaluator	NOUN
easat-10161	290	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	290	4	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	290	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	290	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	290	7	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	290	8	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	290	9	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
easat-10161	290	10	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	290	11	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	290	12	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	290	13	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	290	14	index	index	NOUN
easat-10161	290	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	16	lvsi	lvsi	PROPN
easat-10161	290	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	290	19	a	a	DET
easat-10161	290	20	set	set	NOUN
easat-10161	290	21	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	290	22	statistical	statistical	ADJ
easat-10161	290	23	evaluators	evaluator	NOUN
easat-10161	290	24	such	such	ADJ
easat-10161	290	25	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	290	26	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-10161	290	27	squared	square	VERB
easat-10161	290	28	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	290	29	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	30	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	290	31	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	33	root	root	NOUN
easat-10161	290	34	mean	mean	VERB
easat-10161	290	35	squared	square	VERB
easat-10161	290	36	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	290	37	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	38	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	290	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	41	mean	mean	VERB
easat-10161	290	42	absolute	absolute	ADJ
easat-10161	290	43	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	290	44	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	45	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	290	46	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	47	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	290	48	mean	mean	VERB
easat-10161	290	49	absolute	absolute	ADJ
easat-10161	290	50	percentage	percentage	NOUN
easat-10161	290	51	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	290	52	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	53	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	290	54	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	290	55	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	290	56	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	290	57	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	291	1	a	a	DET
easat-10161	291	2	brief	brief	ADJ
easat-10161	291	3	description	description	NOUN
easat-10161	291	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	291	5	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
easat-10161	291	6	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-10161	291	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	291	8	each	each	PRON
easat-10161	291	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	291	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	291	11	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	291	12	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	291	13	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
easat-10161	291	14	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	291	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	292	1	4.4.1	4.4.1	X
easat-10161	292	2	.	.	X
easat-10161	292	3	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	292	4	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	292	5	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	292	6	index	index	NOUN
easat-10161	292	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	292	8	lvsi	lvsi	PROPN
easat-10161	292	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	292	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	292	11	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	292	12	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	292	13	developed	develop	VERB
easat-10161	292	14	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	292	15	kessel	kessel	PROPN
easat-10161	292	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	292	17	glavitsch	glavitsch	PROPN
easat-10161	292	18	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	292	19	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	292	20	gauges	gauge	VERB
easat-10161	292	21	how	how	SCONJ
easat-10161	292	22	close	close	ADJ
easat-10161	292	23	each	each	DET
easat-10161	292	24	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-10161	292	25	line	line	NOUN
easat-10161	292	26	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	292	27	to	to	PART
easat-10161	292	28	voltage	voltage	VERB
easat-10161	292	29	collapse	collapse	NOUN
easat-10161	292	30	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	292	31	comparing	compare	VERB
easat-10161	292	32	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	292	33	reactive	reactive	ADJ
easat-10161	292	34	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	292	35	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	292	36	margin	margin	NOUN
easat-10161	292	37	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	292	38	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	292	39	loading	loading	NOUN
easat-10161	292	40	level	level	NOUN
easat-10161	292	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	293	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	293	2	can	can	AUX
easat-10161	293	3	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	293	4	computed	compute	VERB
easat-10161	293	5	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	293	6	[	[	X
easat-10161	293	7	42	42	NUM
easat-10161	293	8	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	293	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	294	1	𝐿𝑖	𝐿𝑖	NOUN
easat-10161	294	2	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	294	3	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	294	4	−	−	NUM
easat-10161	294	5	|∑	|∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	294	6	𝐹𝑖𝑗𝑗∈𝐺	𝐹𝑖𝑗𝑗∈𝐺	NOUN
easat-10161	295	1	𝑉𝑗	𝑉𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	295	2	𝑉𝑖	𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	295	3	|	|	ADV
easat-10161	295	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	295	5	51	51	NUM
easat-10161	295	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	295	7	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	295	8	𝐺	𝐺	PROPN
easat-10161	295	9	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	295	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	295	11	set	set	NOUN
easat-10161	295	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	295	13	generator	generator	NOUN
easat-10161	295	14	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	295	15	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	295	16	𝐹𝑖𝑗	𝐹𝑖𝑗	NUM
easat-10161	295	17	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	295	18	derived	derive	VERB
easat-10161	295	19	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	295	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	295	21	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	295	22	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	295	23	jacobian	jacobian	ADJ
easat-10161	295	24	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	295	25	y	y	NOUN
easat-10161	295	26	-	-	NOUN
easat-10161	295	27	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	295	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	295	29	𝑉𝑗	𝑉𝑗	PROPN
easat-10161	295	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	295	31	𝑉𝑖	𝑉𝑖	PROPN
easat-10161	295	32	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	295	33	the	the	DET
easat-10161	295	34	voltages	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	295	35	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	295	36	generator	generator	NOUN
easat-10161	295	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	295	38	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	295	39	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	295	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	296	1	4.4.2	4.4.2	X
easat-10161	296	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	297	1	mean	mean	VERB
easat-10161	297	2	squared	square	VERB
easat-10161	297	3	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	297	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	297	5	mse	mse	PROPN
easat-10161	297	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	297	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	297	8	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	297	9	measures	measure	VERB
easat-10161	297	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	297	11	square	square	ADJ
easat-10161	297	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	297	13	root	root	NOUN
easat-10161	297	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	297	15	the	the	DET
easat-10161	297	16	average	average	ADJ
easat-10161	297	17	squared	square	VERB
easat-10161	297	18	deviation	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	297	19	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	297	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	297	21	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	297	22	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	297	23	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	297	24	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	297	25	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	297	26	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	297	27	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	297	28	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	297	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	297	30	the	the	DET
easat-10161	297	31	reference	reference	NOUN
easat-10161	297	32	nr	nr	PROPN
easat-10161	297	33	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	297	34	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	297	35	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	297	36	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	298	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	298	2	43	43	NUM
easat-10161	298	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	298	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	299	1	𝑀𝑆𝐸	𝑀𝑆𝐸	NOUN
easat-10161	299	2	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	299	3	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	299	4	𝑡𝑠	𝑡𝑠	VERB
easat-10161	299	5	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	299	6	|𝑥	|𝑥	ADP
easat-10161	299	7	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	299	8	𝑥𝑖|2𝑡𝑠	𝑥𝑖|2𝑡𝑠	NOUN
easat-10161	299	9	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PROPN
easat-10161	299	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	299	11	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	299	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	299	13	4.4.3	4.4.3	NUM
easat-10161	299	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	299	15	root	root	NOUN
easat-10161	299	16	mean	mean	VERB
easat-10161	299	17	squared	square	VERB
easat-10161	299	18	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	299	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	299	20	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	299	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	299	22	the	the	DET
easat-10161	299	23	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	299	24	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	299	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	299	26	square	square	ADJ
easat-10161	299	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	299	28	root	root	NOUN
easat-10161	299	29	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	299	30	the	the	DET
easat-10161	299	31	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-10161	299	32	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	299	33	squared	square	VERB
easat-10161	299	34	differences	difference	NOUN
easat-10161	299	35	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	299	36	the	the	DET
easat-10161	299	37	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	299	38	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	299	39	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	299	40	voltages	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	299	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	299	42	the	the	DET
easat-10161	299	43	reference	reference	NOUN
easat-10161	299	44	nr	nr	PROPN
easat-10161	299	45	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	299	46	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	299	47	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	299	48	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	299	49	[	[	X
easat-10161	299	50	43	43	NUM
easat-10161	299	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	299	52	44	44	NUM
easat-10161	299	53	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	299	54	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	300	1	𝑅𝑀𝑆𝐸	𝑅𝑀𝑆𝐸	PROPN
easat-10161	300	2	=	=	PRON
easat-10161	300	3	√	√	NUM
easat-10161	300	4	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	300	5	𝑡𝑠	𝑡𝑠	VERB
easat-10161	300	6	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	300	7	|𝑥	|𝑥	ADP
easat-10161	300	8	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	300	9	𝑥𝑖|2𝑡𝑠	𝑥𝑖|2𝑡𝑠	NOUN
easat-10161	300	10	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PROPN
easat-10161	301	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	301	2	53	53	NUM
easat-10161	301	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	301	4	1548	1548	NUM
easat-10161	301	5	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	301	6	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	301	7	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	301	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	301	9	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	301	10	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	301	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	301	12	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	301	13	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	301	14	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	301	15	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	301	16	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	302	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	302	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	302	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	302	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	302	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	302	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	302	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	302	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	302	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	302	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	302	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	302	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	302	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	302	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	302	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	302	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	302	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	302	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	302	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	302	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	302	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	302	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	302	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	302	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	302	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	302	26	4.4.4	4.4.4	X
easat-10161	302	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	303	1	mean	mean	VERB
easat-10161	303	2	absolute	absolute	ADJ
easat-10161	303	3	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	303	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	303	5	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	303	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	303	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	303	8	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	303	9	computes	compute	VERB
easat-10161	303	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	303	11	average	average	NOUN
easat-10161	303	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	303	13	the	the	DET
easat-10161	303	14	absolute	absolute	ADJ
easat-10161	303	15	differences	difference	NOUN
easat-10161	303	16	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	303	17	the	the	DET
easat-10161	303	18	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	303	19	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	303	20	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	303	21	predictions	prediction	NOUN
easat-10161	303	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	303	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	303	24	reference	reference	NOUN
easat-10161	303	25	nr	nr	PROPN
easat-10161	303	26	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	303	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	303	28	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	303	29	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	303	30	[	[	X
easat-10161	303	31	43	43	NUM
easat-10161	303	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	303	33	44	44	NUM
easat-10161	303	34	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	303	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	304	1	𝑀𝐴𝐸	𝑀𝐴𝐸	NOUN
easat-10161	304	2	=	=	SYM
easat-10161	304	3	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	304	4	𝑡𝑠	𝑡𝑠	VERB
easat-10161	304	5	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	304	6	|𝑥	|𝑥	NOUN
easat-10161	304	7	−	−	PROPN
easat-10161	304	8	𝑥𝑖|𝑡𝑠	𝑥𝑖|𝑡𝑠	PROPN
easat-10161	304	9	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PROPN
easat-10161	304	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	304	11	54	54	NUM
easat-10161	304	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	304	13	4.4.5	4.4.5	NUM
easat-10161	304	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	305	1	mean	mean	VERB
easat-10161	305	2	absolute	absolute	ADJ
easat-10161	305	3	percentage	percentage	NOUN
easat-10161	305	4	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	305	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	305	6	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	305	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	305	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	305	9	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	305	10	expresses	express	VERB
easat-10161	305	11	the	the	DET
easat-10161	305	12	mean	mean	ADJ
easat-10161	305	13	absolute	absolute	ADJ
easat-10161	305	14	deviation	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	305	15	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	305	16	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	305	17	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	305	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	305	19	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	305	20	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	305	21	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	305	22	a	a	DET
easat-10161	305	23	percentage	percentage	NOUN
easat-10161	305	24	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	305	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	305	26	reference	reference	NOUN
easat-10161	305	27	nr	nr	PROPN
easat-10161	305	28	load	load	VERB
easat-10161	305	29	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	305	30	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	305	31	[	[	X
easat-10161	305	32	43	43	NUM
easat-10161	305	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	305	34	44	44	NUM
easat-10161	305	35	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	305	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	306	1	𝑀𝐴𝑃𝐸	𝑀𝐴𝑃𝐸	PROPN
easat-10161	306	2	=	=	NOUN
easat-10161	306	3	100	100	NUM
easat-10161	306	4	𝑡𝑠	𝑡𝑠	VERB
easat-10161	306	5	∑	∑	PUNCT
easat-10161	306	6	|𝑥−𝑥𝑖|	|𝑥−𝑥𝑖|	VERB
easat-10161	306	7	𝑥𝑖	𝑥𝑖	X
easat-10161	306	8	𝑡𝑠	𝑡𝑠	VERB
easat-10161	306	9	𝑖=1	𝑖=1	PROPN
easat-10161	306	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	306	11	55	55	NUM
easat-10161	306	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	306	13	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	306	14	𝑥𝑖	𝑥𝑖	PRON
easat-10161	306	15	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	306	16	true	true	ADJ
easat-10161	306	17	value	value	NOUN
easat-10161	306	18	obtained	obtain	VERB
easat-10161	306	19	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	306	20	𝑥	𝑥	PRON
easat-10161	306	21	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10161	306	22	the	the	DET
easat-10161	306	23	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10161	306	24	value	value	NOUN
easat-10161	306	25	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	306	26	the	the	DET
easat-10161	306	27	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-10161	306	28	outcome	outcome	NOUN
easat-10161	306	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	306	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	306	31	𝑡𝑠	𝑡𝑠	VERB
easat-10161	306	32	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	306	33	the	the	DET
easat-10161	306	34	total	total	ADJ
easat-10161	306	35	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-10161	306	36	number	number	NOUN
easat-10161	306	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	307	1	5	5	X
easat-10161	307	2	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	307	3	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	307	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	307	5	discussion	discussion	VERB
easat-10161	307	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	307	7	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	307	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	307	9	simulation	simulation	NOUN
easat-10161	307	10	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	307	11	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	307	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	307	13	discussed	discuss	VERB
easat-10161	307	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	307	15	this	this	DET
easat-10161	307	16	section	section	NOUN
easat-10161	307	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	308	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	308	2	provides	provide	VERB
easat-10161	308	3	a	a	DET
easat-10161	308	4	detailed	detailed	ADJ
easat-10161	308	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
easat-10161	308	6	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-10161	308	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	308	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	308	9	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	308	10	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	308	11	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	308	12	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	308	13	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	308	14	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	308	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	308	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	308	17	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	308	18	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	308	19	examined	examine	VERB
easat-10161	308	20	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	308	21	three	three	NUM
easat-10161	308	22	operating	operating	NOUN
easat-10161	308	23	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	308	24	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	308	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	308	26	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	308	27	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	308	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	309	1	1	1	X
easat-10161	309	2	.	.	X
easat-10161	309	3	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	309	4	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	309	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	309	6	base	base	NOUN
easat-10161	309	7	case	case	NOUN
easat-10161	309	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	309	9	steady	steady	ADJ
easat-10161	309	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	309	11	state	state	NOUN
easat-10161	309	12	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	309	13	without	without	ADP
easat-10161	309	14	any	any	DET
easat-10161	309	15	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	309	16	alterations	alteration	NOUN
easat-10161	309	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	310	1	2	2	X
easat-10161	310	2	.	.	X
easat-10161	310	3	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	310	4	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	310	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	310	6	fault	fault	VERB
easat-10161	310	7	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	310	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	310	9	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-10161	310	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	310	11	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10161	310	12	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10161	310	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	310	14	faults	fault	NOUN
easat-10161	310	15	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	310	16	introduced	introduce	VERB
easat-10161	310	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	311	1	3	3	X
easat-10161	311	2	.	.	X
easat-10161	311	3	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	311	4	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	311	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	311	6	pv	pv	NOUN
easat-10161	311	7	dg	dg	PROPN
easat-10161	311	8	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	311	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	311	10	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-10161	311	11	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	311	12	random	random	ADJ
easat-10161	311	13	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	311	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	311	15	pv	pv	PROPN
easat-10161	311	16	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	311	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	312	1	to	to	PART
easat-10161	312	2	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-10161	312	3	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-10161	312	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-10161	312	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	312	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	312	7	simulation	simulation	NOUN
easat-10161	312	8	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	312	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	312	10	each	each	DET
easat-10161	312	11	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	312	12	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	312	13	analyzed	analyze	VERB
easat-10161	312	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	312	15	discussed	discuss	VERB
easat-10161	312	16	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	312	17	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	312	18	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	312	19	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	312	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	312	21	rmse	rmse	PROPN
easat-10161	312	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	312	23	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	312	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	312	25	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	312	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	312	27	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	312	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	312	29	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10161	312	30	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	312	31	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	312	32	ct	ct	NOUN
easat-10161	312	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	312	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	313	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	313	2	simulation	simulation	NOUN
easat-10161	313	3	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	313	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	313	5	each	each	DET
easat-10161	313	6	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	313	7	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	313	8	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
easat-10161	313	9	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	313	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	314	1	5.1	5.1	NUM
easat-10161	314	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	315	1	simulation	simulation	NOUN
easat-10161	315	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	315	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	315	4	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	315	5	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	315	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	315	7	steady	steady	ADJ
easat-10161	315	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	315	9	state	state	NOUN
easat-10161	315	10	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	315	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	315	12	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	315	13	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	315	14	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	315	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	315	16	the	the	DET
easat-10161	315	17	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	315	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	315	19	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	315	20	profile	profile	NOUN
easat-10161	315	21	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	315	22	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	315	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	315	24	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	315	25	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	315	26	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	315	27	the	the	DET
easat-10161	315	28	three	three	NUM
easat-10161	315	29	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	315	30	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	315	31	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	315	32	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	315	33	nr	nr	NOUN
easat-10161	315	34	method	method	NOUN
easat-10161	315	35	included	include	VERB
easat-10161	315	36	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	315	37	reference	reference	NOUN
easat-10161	315	38	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	315	39	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
easat-10161	315	40	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	315	41	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	315	42	10	10	NUM
easat-10161	315	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	316	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	316	2	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	316	3	profile	profile	PROPN
easat-10161	316	4	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	316	5	shows	show	VERB
easat-10161	316	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	316	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	316	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	316	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	316	10	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	316	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	316	12	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	316	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	316	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	316	15	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	316	16	varies	vary	VERB
easat-10161	316	17	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	316	18	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	316	19	size	size	NOUN
easat-10161	316	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	316	21	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	316	22	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	316	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	316	24	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	316	25	generally	generally	ADV
easat-10161	316	26	providing	provide	VERB
easat-10161	316	27	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	316	28	stable	stable	ADJ
easat-10161	316	29	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	316	30	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	316	31	closer	close	ADV
easat-10161	316	32	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	316	33	nominal	nominal	ADJ
easat-10161	316	34	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	316	35	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	316	36	0.951.05	0.951.05	NUM
easat-10161	316	37	p.u	p.u	PROPN
easat-10161	316	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	316	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	316	40	than	than	ADP
easat-10161	316	41	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	316	42	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	317	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	317	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	317	3	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	317	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	317	5	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	317	6	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	317	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	317	8	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	317	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	317	10	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	317	11	remained	remain	VERB
easat-10161	317	12	near	near	ADP
easat-10161	317	13	nominal	nominal	ADJ
easat-10161	317	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	317	15	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	317	16	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	317	17	slightly	slightly	ADV
easat-10161	317	18	deviated	deviate	VERB
easat-10161	317	19	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	317	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	317	21	upper	upper	ADJ
easat-10161	317	22	limit	limit	NOUN
easat-10161	317	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	318	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	318	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	318	3	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	318	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	318	5	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	318	6	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	318	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	318	8	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	318	9	had	have	VERB
easat-10161	318	10	slight	slight	ADJ
easat-10161	318	11	deviations	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	318	12	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	318	13	the	the	DET
easat-10161	318	14	upper	upper	ADJ
easat-10161	318	15	limit	limit	NOUN
easat-10161	318	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	318	17	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	318	18	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	318	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	318	20	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	318	21	stayed	stay	VERB
easat-10161	318	22	closer	close	ADV
easat-10161	318	23	to	to	PART
easat-10161	318	24	nominal	nominal	VERB
easat-10161	318	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	319	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10161	319	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	319	3	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	319	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	319	5	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	319	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	319	7	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	319	8	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	319	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	319	10	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	319	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	319	12	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	319	13	performed	perform	VERB
easat-10161	319	14	better	well	ADV
easat-10161	319	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	319	16	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	319	17	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	319	18	deviated	deviate	VERB
easat-10161	319	19	towards	towards	ADP
easat-10161	319	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	319	21	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10161	319	22	limit	limit	NOUN
easat-10161	319	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	320	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	320	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	320	3	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	320	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	320	5	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	320	6	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	320	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	320	8	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	320	9	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	320	10	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	320	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	320	12	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	320	13	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	320	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	320	15	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	320	16	deviated	deviate	VERB
easat-10161	320	17	toward	toward	ADP
easat-10161	320	18	upper	upper	ADJ
easat-10161	320	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	320	20	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10161	320	21	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	320	22	limits	limit	NOUN
easat-10161	320	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	321	1	1549	1549	NUM
easat-10161	321	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	321	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	321	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	321	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	321	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	321	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	321	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	321	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	321	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	321	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	321	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	321	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	322	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	322	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	322	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	322	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	322	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	322	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	322	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	322	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	322	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	322	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	322	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	322	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	322	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	322	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	322	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	322	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	322	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	322	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	322	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	322	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	322	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	322	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	323	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	323	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	323	3	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-10161	323	4	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	323	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10161	323	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	323	7	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	323	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	323	9	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	323	10	profile	profile	NOUN
easat-10161	323	11	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	323	12	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	323	13	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	323	14	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	323	15	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	323	16	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	323	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	324	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	324	2	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-10161	324	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
easat-10161	324	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	324	5	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	324	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	324	7	which	which	PRON
easat-10161	324	8	embeds	embed	VERB
easat-10161	324	9	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	324	10	laws	law	NOUN
easat-10161	324	11	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	324	12	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	324	13	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10161	324	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	324	15	tends	tend	VERB
easat-10161	324	16	to	to	PART
easat-10161	324	17	maintain	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	324	18	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	324	19	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	324	20	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	324	21	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	324	22	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	324	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	325	1	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	325	2	leverages	leverage	VERB
easat-10161	325	3	topological	topological	ADJ
easat-10161	325	4	information	information	NOUN
easat-10161	325	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	325	6	making	make	VERB
easat-10161	325	7	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	325	8	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10161	325	9	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	325	10	smaller	small	ADJ
easat-10161	325	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	325	12	moderately	moderately	ADV
easat-10161	325	13	sized	sized	ADJ
easat-10161	325	14	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	325	15	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	325	16	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-10161	325	17	strongly	strongly	ADV
easat-10161	325	18	impacts	impact	VERB
easat-10161	325	19	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	325	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	326	1	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	326	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	326	3	relying	rely	VERB
easat-10161	326	4	purely	purely	ADV
easat-10161	326	5	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	326	6	data	data	NOUN
easat-10161	326	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	326	8	driven	drive	VERB
easat-10161	326	9	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	326	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	326	11	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	326	12	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	326	13	prone	prone	ADJ
easat-10161	326	14	to	to	PART
easat-10161	326	15	voltage	voltage	VERB
easat-10161	326	16	deviations	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	326	17	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	326	18	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	326	19	lacks	lack	VERB
easat-10161	326	20	explicit	explicit	ADJ
easat-10161	326	21	incorporation	incorporation	NOUN
easat-10161	326	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	326	23	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10161	326	24	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	326	25	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-10161	326	26	constraints	constraint	NOUN
easat-10161	326	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	327	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	327	2	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	327	3	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	327	4	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	327	5	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10161	327	6	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	327	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	327	8	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	327	9	appears	appear	VERB
easat-10161	327	10	to	to	PART
easat-10161	327	11	generalize	generalize	VERB
easat-10161	327	12	better	well	ADV
easat-10161	327	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	327	14	making	make	VERB
easat-10161	327	15	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	327	16	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	327	17	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10161	327	18	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	327	19	real	real	ADJ
easat-10161	327	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	327	21	world	world	NOUN
easat-10161	327	22	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	327	23	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	327	24	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10161	327	25	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	327	26	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	327	27	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	327	28	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	327	29	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	327	30	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	327	31	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-10161	327	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	328	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	328	2	highlights	highlight	VERB
easat-10161	328	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	328	4	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	328	5	value	value	NOUN
easat-10161	328	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	328	7	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	328	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	328	9	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	328	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	328	11	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	328	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	328	13	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	328	14	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-10161	328	15	over	over	ADP
easat-10161	328	16	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-10161	328	17	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	328	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	328	19	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-10161	328	20	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	328	21	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-10161	328	22	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10161	328	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	328	24	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10161	328	25	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	328	26	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	328	27	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	328	28	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	328	29	varying	vary	VERB
easat-10161	328	30	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	328	31	sizes	size	NOUN
easat-10161	328	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	329	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	329	2	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	329	3	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	329	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	329	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	329	6	three	three	NUM
easat-10161	329	7	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	329	8	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	329	9	all	all	DET
easat-10161	329	10	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	329	11	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	329	12	are	be	AUX
easat-10161	329	13	summarized	summarize	VERB
easat-10161	329	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	329	15	table	table	NOUN
easat-10161	329	16	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	329	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	330	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	330	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	330	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-10161	330	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	330	5	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	330	6	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-10161	330	7	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-10161	330	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	330	9	lowest	low	ADJ
easat-10161	330	10	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	330	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	330	12	mse	mse	PROPN
easat-10161	330	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	330	14	rmse	rmse	PROPN
easat-10161	330	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	330	16	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	330	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	330	18	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	330	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	330	20	ct	ct	NOUN
easat-10161	330	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	330	22	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-10161	330	23	the	the	DET
easat-10161	330	24	highest	high	ADJ
easat-10161	330	25	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	330	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	331	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	331	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	331	3	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	331	4	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	331	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	331	6	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	331	7	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	331	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	331	9	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	331	10	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-10161	331	11	the	the	DET
easat-10161	331	12	lowest	low	ADJ
easat-10161	331	13	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	331	14	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	331	15	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	331	16	an	an	DET
easat-10161	331	17	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	331	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	331	19	1.039	1.039	NUM
easat-10161	331	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	331	21	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	331	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	331	23	1.019	1.019	NUM
easat-10161	331	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	331	25	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	331	26	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	331	27	0.091	0.091	NUM
easat-10161	331	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	331	29	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	331	30	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	331	31	4.887	4.887	NUM
easat-10161	331	32	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	331	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	331	34	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-10161	331	35	shortest	short	ADJ
easat-10161	331	36	ct	ct	NUM
easat-10161	331	37	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	331	38	0.080	0.080	NUM
easat-10161	331	39	minutes	minute	NOUN
easat-10161	331	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	331	41	the	the	DET
easat-10161	331	42	highest	high	ADJ
easat-10161	331	43	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	331	44	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	331	45	0.778	0.778	NUM
easat-10161	331	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	1	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	332	2	recorded	record	VERB
easat-10161	332	3	highest	high	ADJ
easat-10161	332	4	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10161	332	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	6	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	332	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	8	2.370	2.370	NUM
easat-10161	332	9	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	10	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	332	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	12	1.540	1.540	NUM
easat-10161	332	13	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	14	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	332	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	16	0.190	0.190	NUM
easat-10161	332	17	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	18	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	332	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	20	8.230	8.230	NUM
easat-10161	332	21	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	332	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	24	longest	long	ADJ
easat-10161	332	25	ct	ct	NOUN
easat-10161	332	26	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	332	27	0.170	0.170	NUM
easat-10161	332	28	minutes	minute	NOUN
easat-10161	332	29	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	332	30	a	a	DET
easat-10161	332	31	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10161	332	32	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	332	33	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	332	34	0.673	0.673	NUM
easat-10161	332	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	36	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	332	37	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	332	38	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-10161	332	39	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
easat-10161	332	40	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	332	41	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	332	42	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	43	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	332	44	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	45	1.520	1.520	NUM
easat-10161	332	46	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	47	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	332	48	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	49	1.230	1.230	NUM
easat-10161	332	50	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	51	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	332	52	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	53	0.130	0.130	NUM
easat-10161	332	54	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	55	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	332	56	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	332	57	6.480	6.480	NUM
easat-10161	332	58	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	332	59	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	333	1	longer	long	ADV
easat-10161	333	2	ct	ct	INTJ
easat-10161	333	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	333	4	lowest	low	ADJ
easat-10161	333	5	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	333	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	333	7	0.120	0.120	NUM
easat-10161	333	8	minutes	minute	NOUN
easat-10161	333	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	333	10	0.621	0.621	NUM
easat-10161	333	11	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10161	333	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	334	1	1550	1550	NUM
easat-10161	334	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	334	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	334	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	334	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	334	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	334	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	334	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	334	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	334	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	334	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	334	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	334	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	335	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	335	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	335	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	335	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	335	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	335	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	335	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	335	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	335	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	335	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	335	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	335	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	335	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	335	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	335	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	335	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	335	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	335	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	335	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	335	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	335	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	335	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	335	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	335	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	335	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	335	26	table	table	NOUN
easat-10161	335	27	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	335	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	336	1	summary	summary	NOUN
easat-10161	336	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	336	3	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	336	4	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	336	5	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	336	6	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	336	7	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	336	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	336	9	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	336	10	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	336	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	336	12	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	336	13	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	336	14	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	336	15	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	336	16	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	336	17	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	336	18	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	336	19	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	336	20	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	336	21	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	336	22	ieee	ieee	PROPN
easat-10161	336	23	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	336	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	336	25	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	336	26	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	336	27	1.039	1.039	NUM
easat-10161	336	28	2.370	2.370	NUM
easat-10161	336	29	1.520	1.520	NUM
easat-10161	336	30	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	336	31	1.019	1.019	NUM
easat-10161	336	32	1.540	1.540	NUM
easat-10161	336	33	1.230	1.230	NUM
easat-10161	336	34	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	336	35	0.091	0.091	NUM
easat-10161	336	36	0.190	0.190	NUM
easat-10161	336	37	0.130	0.130	NUM
easat-10161	336	38	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	336	39	4.887	4.887	NUM
easat-10161	336	40	8.230	8.230	NUM
easat-10161	336	41	6.480	6.480	NUM
easat-10161	336	42	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	336	43	0.778	0.778	NUM
easat-10161	336	44	0.673	0.673	NUM
easat-10161	336	45	0.621	0.621	NUM
easat-10161	336	46	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	336	47	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	336	48	0.080	0.080	NUM
easat-10161	336	49	0.170	0.170	NUM
easat-10161	336	50	0.120	0.120	NUM
easat-10161	336	51	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	336	52	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	336	53	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	336	54	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	336	55	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	336	56	0.449	0.449	NUM
easat-10161	336	57	1.870	1.870	NUM
easat-10161	336	58	0.832	0.832	NUM
easat-10161	336	59	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	336	60	0.670	0.670	NUM
easat-10161	336	61	1.368	1.368	NUM
easat-10161	336	62	0.912	0.912	NUM
easat-10161	336	63	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	336	64	0.043	0.043	NUM
easat-10161	336	65	0.182	0.182	NUM
easat-10161	336	66	0.078	0.078	NUM
easat-10161	336	67	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	336	68	2.324	2.324	NUM
easat-10161	336	69	7.429	7.429	NUM
easat-10161	336	70	3.579	3.579	NUM
easat-10161	336	71	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	336	72	0.798	0.798	NUM
easat-10161	336	73	0.672	0.672	NUM
easat-10161	336	74	0.724	0.724	NUM
easat-10161	336	75	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	336	76	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	336	77	0.170	0.170	NUM
easat-10161	336	78	0.370	0.370	NUM
easat-10161	336	79	0.260	0.260	NUM
easat-10161	336	80	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	336	81	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	336	82	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	336	83	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	336	84	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	336	85	0.649	0.649	NUM
easat-10161	336	86	1.974	1.974	NUM
easat-10161	336	87	1.183	1.183	NUM
easat-10161	336	88	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	336	89	0.806	0.806	NUM
easat-10161	336	90	1.405	1.405	NUM
easat-10161	336	91	1.088	1.088	NUM
easat-10161	336	92	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	336	93	0.048	0.048	NUM
easat-10161	336	94	0.171	0.171	NUM
easat-10161	336	95	0.105	0.105	NUM
easat-10161	336	96	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	336	97	2.577	2.577	NUM
easat-10161	336	98	6.750	6.750	NUM
easat-10161	336	99	4.872	4.872	NUM
easat-10161	336	100	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	336	101	0.791	0.791	NUM
easat-10161	336	102	0.664	0.664	NUM
easat-10161	336	103	0.716	0.716	NUM
easat-10161	336	104	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	336	105	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	336	106	0.16	0.16	NUM
easat-10161	336	107	0.34	0.34	NUM
easat-10161	336	108	0.24	0.24	NUM
easat-10161	336	109	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	336	110	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	336	111	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	336	112	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	336	113	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	336	114	0.680	0.680	NUM
easat-10161	336	115	1.935	1.935	NUM
easat-10161	336	116	1.217	1.217	NUM
easat-10161	336	117	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	336	118	0.825	0.825	NUM
easat-10161	336	119	1.391	1.391	NUM
easat-10161	336	120	1.103	1.103	NUM
easat-10161	336	121	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	336	122	0.066	0.066	NUM
easat-10161	336	123	0.177	0.177	NUM
easat-10161	336	124	0.120	0.120	NUM
easat-10161	336	125	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	336	126	3.520	3.520	NUM
easat-10161	336	127	6.908	6.908	NUM
easat-10161	336	128	5.651	5.651	NUM
easat-10161	336	129	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	336	130	0.597	0.597	NUM
easat-10161	336	131	0.563	0.563	NUM
easat-10161	336	132	0.524	0.524	NUM
easat-10161	336	133	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	336	134	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	336	135	0.300	0.300	NUM
easat-10161	336	136	0.640	0.640	NUM
easat-10161	336	137	0.450	0.450	NUM
easat-10161	336	138	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-10161	336	139	trends	trend	NOUN
easat-10161	336	140	were	be	AUX
easat-10161	336	141	observed	observe	VERB
easat-10161	336	142	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	336	143	the	the	DET
easat-10161	336	144	other	other	ADJ
easat-10161	336	145	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	336	146	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	336	147	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	336	148	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	336	149	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	336	150	outperformed	outperform	VERB
easat-10161	336	151	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10161	336	152	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	336	153	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	336	154	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	336	155	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	336	156	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	337	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10161	337	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	337	3	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	337	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	337	5	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	337	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	337	7	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	337	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	337	9	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	337	10	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	337	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	337	12	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	337	13	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	337	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	337	15	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	337	16	delivered	deliver	VERB
easat-10161	337	17	a	a	DET
easat-10161	337	18	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10161	337	19	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	337	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	337	21	0.673	0.673	NUM
easat-10161	337	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	337	23	0.563	0.563	NUM
easat-10161	337	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	337	25	compared	compare	VERB
easat-10161	337	26	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	337	27	that	that	PRON
easat-10161	337	28	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	337	29	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	337	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	337	31	0.621	0.621	NUM
easat-10161	337	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	337	33	0.524	0.524	NUM
easat-10161	337	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	337	35	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10161	337	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	337	37	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10161	337	38	a	a	DET
easat-10161	337	39	stronger	strong	ADJ
easat-10161	337	40	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	337	41	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	337	42	margin	margin	NOUN
easat-10161	337	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	338	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	338	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	338	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-10161	338	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	338	5	minimizing	minimize	VERB
easat-10161	338	6	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	338	7	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	338	8	does	do	AUX
easat-10161	338	9	not	not	PART
easat-10161	338	10	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
easat-10161	338	11	guarantee	guarantee	VERB
easat-10161	338	12	stable	stable	ADJ
easat-10161	338	13	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	338	14	profiles	profile	NOUN
easat-10161	338	15	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	338	16	individual	individual	ADJ
easat-10161	338	17	buses	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	338	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	339	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	339	2	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	339	3	performs	perform	VERB
easat-10161	339	4	well	well	ADV
easat-10161	339	5	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	339	6	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	339	7	reduction	reduction	NOUN
easat-10161	339	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	339	9	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	339	10	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	339	11	less	less	ADV
easat-10161	339	12	stable	stable	ADJ
easat-10161	339	13	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	339	14	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	339	15	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-10161	339	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	339	17	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	339	18	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	339	19	the	the	DET
easat-10161	339	20	other	other	ADJ
easat-10161	339	21	hand	hand	NOUN
easat-10161	339	22	offers	offer	VERB
easat-10161	339	23	moderate	moderate	ADJ
easat-10161	339	24	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	339	25	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	339	26	slightly	slightly	ADV
easat-10161	339	27	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10161	339	28	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	339	29	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	339	30	small	small	ADJ
easat-10161	339	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	339	32	large	large	ADJ
easat-10161	339	33	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	339	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	339	35	highlighting	highlight	VERB
easat-10161	339	36	a	a	DET
easat-10161	339	37	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-10161	339	38	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	339	39	off	off	NOUN
easat-10161	339	40	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	339	41	predictive	predictive	ADJ
easat-10161	339	42	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	339	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	339	44	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	339	45	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	339	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	340	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
easat-10161	340	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	340	3	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	340	4	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	340	5	offers	offer	VERB
easat-10161	340	6	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-10161	340	7	superior	superior	ADJ
easat-10161	340	8	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	340	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	340	10	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	340	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	340	12	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	340	13	may	may	AUX
easat-10161	340	14	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	340	15	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	340	16	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10161	340	17	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10161	340	18	the	the	DET
easat-10161	340	19	need	need	NOUN
easat-10161	340	20	to	to	PART
easat-10161	340	21	maintain	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	340	22	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-10161	340	23	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	340	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	340	25	level	level	NOUN
easat-10161	340	26	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	340	27	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	340	28	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	340	29	prioritized	prioritize	VERB
easat-10161	340	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	341	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	341	2	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	341	3	characteristics	characteristic	VERB
easat-10161	341	4	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	341	5	plot	plot	NOUN
easat-10161	341	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	341	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	341	8	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	341	9	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	341	10	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	341	11	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	341	12	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	341	13	depicted	depict	VERB
easat-10161	341	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	341	15	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	341	16	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	341	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	342	1	1551	1551	NUM
easat-10161	342	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	342	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	342	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	342	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	342	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	342	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	342	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	342	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	342	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	342	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	342	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	342	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	343	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	343	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	343	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	343	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	343	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	343	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	343	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	343	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	343	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	343	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	343	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	343	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	343	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	343	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	343	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	343	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	343	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	343	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	343	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	343	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	343	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	343	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	343	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	343	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	343	25	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-10161	343	26	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	343	27	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	343	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	344	1	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	344	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	344	3	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	344	4	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10161	344	5	plot	plot	NOUN
easat-10161	344	6	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	344	7	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	344	8	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	344	9	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	344	10	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	344	11	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	344	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	344	13	5.2	5.2	NUM
easat-10161	344	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	345	1	simulation	simulation	NOUN
easat-10161	345	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	345	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	345	4	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	345	5	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	345	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	345	7	fault	fault	VERB
easat-10161	345	8	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	345	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	345	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	345	11	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	345	12	profile	profile	PROPN
easat-10161	345	13	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	345	14	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	345	15	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	345	16	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	345	17	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	345	18	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	345	19	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	345	20	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	345	21	depicted	depict	VERB
easat-10161	345	22	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	345	23	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	345	24	12	12	NUM
easat-10161	345	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	346	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	346	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	346	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
easat-10161	346	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	346	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	346	6	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	346	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	346	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	346	9	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	346	10	varies	vary	VERB
easat-10161	346	11	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	346	12	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	346	13	disturbances	disturbance	NOUN
easat-10161	346	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	347	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	347	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	347	3	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	347	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	347	5	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	347	6	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	347	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	347	8	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10161	347	9	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	347	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	347	11	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	347	12	suffered	suffer	VERB
easat-10161	347	13	large	large	ADJ
easat-10161	347	14	deviations	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	347	15	toward	toward	ADP
easat-10161	347	16	the	the	DET
easat-10161	347	17	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10161	347	18	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	347	19	limits	limit	NOUN
easat-10161	347	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	347	21	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
easat-10161	347	22	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	347	23	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	347	24	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	347	25	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	347	26	closer	close	ADV
easat-10161	347	27	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	347	28	the	the	DET
easat-10161	347	29	nominal	nominal	ADJ
easat-10161	347	30	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	347	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	347	32	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10161	347	33	better	well	ADJ
easat-10161	347	34	small	small	ADJ
easat-10161	347	35	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	347	36	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	347	37	resilience	resilience	NOUN
easat-10161	347	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	348	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	348	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	348	3	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	348	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	348	5	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	348	6	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	348	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	348	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	348	9	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	348	10	trends	trend	NOUN
easat-10161	348	11	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	348	12	the	the	DET
easat-10161	348	13	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	348	14	were	be	AUX
easat-10161	348	15	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-10161	348	16	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	348	17	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	348	18	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	348	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	348	20	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-10161	348	21	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-10161	348	22	behavior	behavior	NOUN
easat-10161	348	23	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	348	24	moderate	moderate	ADJ
easat-10161	348	25	disturbances	disturbance	NOUN
easat-10161	348	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	349	1	1552	1552	NUM
easat-10161	349	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	349	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	349	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	349	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	349	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	349	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	349	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	349	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	349	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	349	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	349	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	349	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	350	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	350	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	350	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	350	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	350	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	350	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	350	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	350	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	350	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	350	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	350	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	350	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	350	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	350	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	350	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	350	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	350	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	350	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	350	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	350	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	350	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	350	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	351	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	351	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	351	3	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-10161	351	4	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	351	5	12	12	NUM
easat-10161	351	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	351	7	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	351	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	351	9	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	351	10	profile	profile	NOUN
easat-10161	351	11	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	351	12	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	351	13	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	351	14	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	351	15	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	351	16	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	351	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	352	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
easat-10161	352	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	352	3	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	352	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	352	5	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	352	6	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	352	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	352	8	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	352	9	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	352	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	352	11	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	352	12	showed	show	VERB
easat-10161	352	13	deviations	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	352	14	toward	toward	ADP
easat-10161	352	15	the	the	DET
easat-10161	352	16	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10161	352	17	limit	limit	NOUN
easat-10161	352	18	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10161	352	19	remained	remain	VERB
easat-10161	352	20	within	within	ADP
easat-10161	352	21	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
easat-10161	352	22	bounds	bound	NOUN
easat-10161	352	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	352	24	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	352	25	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	352	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	352	27	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	352	28	deviate	deviate	NOUN
easat-10161	352	29	toward	toward	ADP
easat-10161	352	30	the	the	DET
easat-10161	352	31	upper	upper	ADJ
easat-10161	352	32	limit	limit	NOUN
easat-10161	352	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	352	34	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10161	352	35	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	352	36	remained	remain	VERB
easat-10161	352	37	within	within	ADP
easat-10161	352	38	nominal	nominal	ADJ
easat-10161	352	39	operating	operating	NOUN
easat-10161	352	40	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	352	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	353	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	353	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-10161	353	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	353	4	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	353	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	353	6	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	353	7	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	353	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	353	9	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	353	10	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	353	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	353	12	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	353	13	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	353	14	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	353	15	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	353	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	353	17	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	353	18	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	353	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	353	20	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	353	21	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
easat-10161	353	22	deviations	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	353	23	near	near	ADP
easat-10161	353	24	the	the	DET
easat-10161	353	25	upper	upper	ADJ
easat-10161	353	26	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	353	27	limits	limit	NOUN
easat-10161	353	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	354	1	these	these	DET
easat-10161	354	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-10161	354	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
easat-10161	354	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	354	5	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	354	6	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	354	7	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10161	354	8	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10161	354	9	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	354	10	control	control	NOUN
easat-10161	354	11	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	354	12	smaller	small	ADJ
easat-10161	354	13	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	354	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	354	15	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	354	16	provides	provide	VERB
easat-10161	354	17	stronger	strong	ADJ
easat-10161	354	18	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	354	19	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	354	20	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	354	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	354	22	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	354	23	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10161	354	24	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	354	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	354	26	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	354	27	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	354	28	offering	offer	VERB
easat-10161	354	29	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
easat-10161	354	30	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	354	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	355	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10161	355	2	implies	imply	VERB
easat-10161	355	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	355	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	355	5	choice	choice	NOUN
easat-10161	355	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	355	7	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	355	8	should	should	AUX
easat-10161	355	9	not	not	PART
easat-10161	355	10	only	only	ADV
easat-10161	355	11	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	355	12	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	355	13	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	355	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	355	15	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	355	16	size	size	NOUN
easat-10161	355	17	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	355	18	observed	observe	VERB
easat-10161	355	19	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	355	20	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	355	21	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	355	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	355	23	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10161	355	24	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	355	25	disturbance	disturbance	NOUN
easat-10161	355	26	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10161	355	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	355	28	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	355	29	reliance	reliance	NOUN
easat-10161	355	30	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	355	31	a	a	DET
easat-10161	355	32	single	single	ADJ
easat-10161	355	33	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	355	34	may	may	AUX
easat-10161	355	35	compromise	compromise	VERB
easat-10161	355	36	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	355	37	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	355	38	certain	certain	ADJ
easat-10161	355	39	operating	operating	NOUN
easat-10161	355	40	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	355	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	356	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	356	2	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	356	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	356	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	356	5	three	three	NUM
easat-10161	356	6	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	356	7	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	356	8	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	356	9	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	356	10	across	across	ADV
easat-10161	356	11	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	356	12	summarized	summarize	VERB
easat-10161	356	13	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	356	14	table	table	NOUN
easat-10161	356	15	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	356	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	357	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	357	2	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	357	3	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	357	4	obvious	obvious	ADJ
easat-10161	357	5	here	here	ADV
easat-10161	357	6	that	that	PRON
easat-10161	357	7	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	357	8	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-10161	357	9	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-10161	357	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	357	11	lowest	low	ADJ
easat-10161	357	12	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	357	13	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	357	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	357	15	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	357	16	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	357	17	ranging	range	VERB
easat-10161	357	18	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	357	19	0.415	0.415	NUM
easat-10161	357	20	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	357	21	1.079	1.079	NUM
easat-10161	357	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	357	23	rmse	rmse	ADJ
easat-10161	357	24	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	357	25	0.644	0.644	NUM
easat-10161	357	26	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	357	27	1.039	1.039	NUM
easat-10161	357	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	357	29	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	357	30	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	357	31	0.037	0.037	NUM
easat-10161	357	32	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	357	33	0.105	0.105	NUM
easat-10161	357	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	357	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	357	36	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	357	37	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	357	38	2.019	2.019	NUM
easat-10161	357	39	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	357	40	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	357	41	5.562	5.562	NUM
easat-10161	357	42	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	357	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	357	44	shortest	short	ADJ
easat-10161	357	45	ct	ct	X
easat-10161	357	46	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	357	47	0.13	0.13	NUM
easat-10161	357	48	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	357	49	0.5	0.5	NUM
easat-10161	357	50	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	357	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	357	52	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-10161	357	53	the	the	DET
easat-10161	357	54	highest	high	ADJ
easat-10161	357	55	lvsi	lvsi	ADJ
easat-10161	357	56	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	357	57	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	357	58	0.654	0.654	NUM
easat-10161	357	59	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	357	60	0.795	0.795	NUM
easat-10161	357	61	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	357	62	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	1	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	358	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	358	3	other	other	ADJ
easat-10161	358	4	hand	hand	NOUN
easat-10161	358	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	6	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	358	7	recorded	record	VERB
easat-10161	358	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	358	9	highest	high	ADJ
easat-10161	358	10	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10161	358	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	12	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	358	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	14	1.622	1.622	NUM
easat-10161	358	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	358	16	2.305	2.305	NUM
easat-10161	358	17	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	18	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	358	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	20	1.274	1.274	NUM
easat-10161	358	21	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	358	22	1.518	1.518	NUM
easat-10161	358	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	24	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	358	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	26	0.158	0.158	NUM
easat-10161	358	27	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	358	28	0.208	0.208	NUM
easat-10161	358	29	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	30	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	358	31	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	32	6.1978.914	6.1978.914	NUM
easat-10161	358	33	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	358	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	36	longest	long	ADJ
easat-10161	358	37	ct	ct	X
easat-10161	358	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	39	0.25	0.25	NUM
easat-10161	358	40	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	358	41	0.94	0.94	NUM
easat-10161	358	42	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	358	44	lowest	low	ADJ
easat-10161	358	45	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	358	46	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	47	0.523	0.523	NUM
easat-10161	358	48	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	49	0.611	0.611	NUM
easat-10161	358	50	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	358	52	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	358	53	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	358	54	showed	show	VERB
easat-10161	358	55	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
easat-10161	358	56	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	358	57	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	358	58	both	both	DET
easat-10161	358	59	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	358	60	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	358	61	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	358	62	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	358	63	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	359	1	1553	1553	NUM
easat-10161	359	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	359	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	359	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	359	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	359	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	359	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	359	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	359	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	359	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	359	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	359	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	359	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	360	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	360	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	360	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	360	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	360	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	360	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	360	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	360	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	360	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	360	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	360	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	360	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	360	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	360	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	360	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	360	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	360	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	360	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	360	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	360	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	360	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	360	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	360	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	360	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	360	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	360	26	table	table	NOUN
easat-10161	360	27	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	360	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	361	1	summary	summary	NOUN
easat-10161	361	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	361	3	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	361	4	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	361	5	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	361	6	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	361	7	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	361	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	361	9	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	361	10	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	361	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	361	12	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	361	13	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	361	14	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	361	15	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	361	16	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	361	17	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	361	18	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	361	19	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	361	20	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	361	21	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	361	22	ieee	ieee	PROPN
easat-10161	361	23	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	361	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	361	25	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	361	26	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	361	27	1.079	1.079	NUM
easat-10161	361	28	2.305	2.305	NUM
easat-10161	361	29	1.773	1.773	NUM
easat-10161	361	30	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	361	31	1.039	1.039	NUM
easat-10161	361	32	1.518	1.518	NUM
easat-10161	361	33	1.331	1.331	NUM
easat-10161	361	34	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	361	35	0.105	0.105	NUM
easat-10161	361	36	0.202	0.202	NUM
easat-10161	361	37	0.168	0.168	NUM
easat-10161	361	38	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	361	39	5.562	5.562	NUM
easat-10161	361	40	8.914	8.914	NUM
easat-10161	361	41	8.316	8.316	NUM
easat-10161	361	42	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	361	43	0.694	0.694	NUM
easat-10161	361	44	0.6111	0.6111	NUM
easat-10161	361	45	0.563	0.563	NUM
easat-10161	361	46	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	361	47	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	361	48	0.13	0.13	NUM
easat-10161	361	49	0.25	0.25	NUM
easat-10161	361	50	0.19	0.19	NUM
easat-10161	361	51	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	361	52	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	361	53	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	361	54	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	361	55	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	361	56	0.415	0.415	NUM
easat-10161	361	57	1.622	1.622	NUM
easat-10161	361	58	0.789	0.789	NUM
easat-10161	361	59	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	361	60	0.644	0.644	NUM
easat-10161	361	61	1.274	1.274	NUM
easat-10161	361	62	0.888	0.888	NUM
easat-10161	361	63	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	361	64	0.037	0.037	NUM
easat-10161	361	65	0.158	0.158	NUM
easat-10161	361	66	0.072	0.072	NUM
easat-10161	361	67	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	361	68	2.019	2.019	NUM
easat-10161	361	69	6.197	6.197	NUM
easat-10161	361	70	3.255	3.255	NUM
easat-10161	361	71	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	361	72	0.795	0.795	NUM
easat-10161	361	73	0.587	0.587	NUM
easat-10161	361	74	0.694	0.694	NUM
easat-10161	361	75	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	361	76	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	361	77	0.29	0.29	NUM
easat-10161	361	78	0.54	0.54	NUM
easat-10161	361	79	0.4	0.4	NUM
easat-10161	361	80	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	361	81	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	361	82	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	361	83	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	361	84	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	361	85	0.680	0.680	NUM
easat-10161	361	86	2.118	2.118	NUM
easat-10161	361	87	1.209	1.209	NUM
easat-10161	361	88	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	361	89	0.825	0.825	NUM
easat-10161	361	90	1.455	1.455	NUM
easat-10161	361	91	1.099	1.099	NUM
easat-10161	361	92	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	361	93	0.057	0.057	NUM
easat-10161	361	94	0.183	0.183	NUM
easat-10161	361	95	0.106	0.106	NUM
easat-10161	361	96	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	361	97	3.019	3.019	NUM
easat-10161	361	98	7.338	7.338	NUM
easat-10161	361	99	4.918	4.918	NUM
easat-10161	361	100	lvsi	lvsi	VERB
easat-10161	361	101	0.791	0.791	NUM
easat-10161	361	102	0.586	0.586	NUM
easat-10161	361	103	0.690	0.690	NUM
easat-10161	361	104	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	361	105	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	361	106	0.27	0.27	NUM
easat-10161	361	107	0.51	0.51	NUM
easat-10161	361	108	0.37	0.37	NUM
easat-10161	361	109	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	361	110	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	361	111	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	361	112	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	361	113	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	361	114	0.572	0.572	NUM
easat-10161	361	115	2.179	2.179	NUM
easat-10161	361	116	1.445	1.445	NUM
easat-10161	361	117	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	361	118	0.756	0.756	NUM
easat-10161	361	119	1.476	1.476	NUM
easat-10161	361	120	1.202	1.202	NUM
easat-10161	361	121	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	361	122	0.051	0.051	NUM
easat-10161	361	123	0.208	0.208	NUM
easat-10161	361	124	0.146	0.146	NUM
easat-10161	361	125	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	361	126	2.733	2.733	NUM
easat-10161	361	127	8.491	8.491	NUM
easat-10161	361	128	6.932	6.932	NUM
easat-10161	361	129	lvsi	lvsi	VERB
easat-10161	361	130	0.654	0.654	NUM
easat-10161	361	131	0.523	0.523	NUM
easat-10161	361	132	0.609	0.609	NUM
easat-10161	361	133	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	361	134	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	361	135	0.5	0.5	NUM
easat-10161	361	136	0.94	0.94	NUM
easat-10161	361	137	0.7	0.7	NUM
easat-10161	361	138	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
easat-10161	361	139	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	361	140	a	a	DET
easat-10161	361	141	notable	notable	ADJ
easat-10161	361	142	trend	trend	NOUN
easat-10161	361	143	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	361	144	observed	observe	VERB
easat-10161	361	145	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	361	146	the	the	DET
easat-10161	361	147	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	361	148	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	361	149	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	361	150	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	361	151	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	361	152	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	361	153	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	361	154	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	361	155	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	361	156	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10161	361	157	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	361	158	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-10161	361	159	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10161	361	160	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	361	161	than	than	ADP
easat-10161	361	162	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	361	163	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	361	164	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	361	165	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	361	166	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	362	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	362	2	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	362	3	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	362	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	362	5	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	362	6	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	362	7	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	362	8	superiority	superiority	NOUN
easat-10161	362	9	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	362	10	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	362	11	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	362	12	the	the	DET
easat-10161	362	13	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	362	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	362	15	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	362	16	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	362	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	362	18	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10161	362	19	better	well	ADJ
easat-10161	362	20	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	362	21	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	362	22	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	362	23	small	small	ADJ
easat-10161	362	24	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	362	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	363	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10161	363	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	363	3	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	363	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	363	5	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	363	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	363	7	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	363	8	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	363	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	363	10	this	this	DET
easat-10161	363	11	trend	trend	NOUN
easat-10161	363	12	reversed	reverse	VERB
easat-10161	363	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	363	14	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	363	15	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	363	16	showing	show	VERB
easat-10161	363	17	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10161	363	18	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	363	19	than	than	ADP
easat-10161	363	20	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	363	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	364	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10161	364	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-10161	364	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	364	4	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	364	5	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	364	6	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	364	7	advantage	advantage	NOUN
easat-10161	364	8	can	can	AUX
easat-10161	364	9	diminish	diminish	VERB
easat-10161	364	10	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	364	11	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	364	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	364	13	stressed	stressed	ADJ
easat-10161	364	14	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	364	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	364	16	highlighting	highlight	VERB
easat-10161	364	17	that	that	DET
easat-10161	364	18	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	364	19	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	364	20	depends	depend	VERB
easat-10161	364	21	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	364	22	both	both	DET
easat-10161	364	23	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	364	24	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10161	364	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	364	26	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	364	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	364	28	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-10161	364	29	disturbances	disturbance	NOUN
easat-10161	364	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	365	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	365	2	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	365	3	characteristics	characteristic	VERB
easat-10161	365	4	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	365	5	plot	plot	NOUN
easat-10161	365	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	365	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	365	8	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	365	9	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	365	10	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	365	11	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	365	12	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	365	13	depicted	depict	VERB
easat-10161	365	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	365	15	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	365	16	13	13	NUM
easat-10161	365	17	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	365	18	1554	1554	NUM
easat-10161	365	19	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	365	20	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	365	21	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	365	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	365	23	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	365	24	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	365	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	365	26	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	365	27	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	365	28	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	365	29	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	365	30	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	366	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	366	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	366	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	366	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	366	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	366	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	366	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	366	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	366	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	366	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	366	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	366	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	366	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	366	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	366	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	366	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	366	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	366	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	366	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	366	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	366	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	366	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	366	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	366	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	366	25	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-10161	366	26	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	366	27	13	13	NUM
easat-10161	366	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	367	1	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	367	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	367	3	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	367	4	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10161	367	5	plot	plot	NOUN
easat-10161	367	6	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	367	7	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	367	8	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	367	9	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	367	10	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	367	11	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	367	12	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	367	13	5.3	5.3	NUM
easat-10161	367	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	368	1	simulation	simulation	NOUN
easat-10161	368	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	368	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	368	4	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	368	5	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	368	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	368	7	pv	pv	NOUN
easat-10161	368	8	dg	dg	PROPN
easat-10161	368	9	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	368	10	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	368	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	368	12	the	the	DET
easat-10161	368	13	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	368	14	profile	profile	PROPN
easat-10161	368	15	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	368	16	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	368	17	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	368	18	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	368	19	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	368	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	368	21	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	368	22	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	368	23	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	368	24	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	368	25	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
easat-10161	368	26	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	368	27	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	368	28	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	368	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	369	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	369	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	369	3	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	369	4	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-10161	369	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	369	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	369	7	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	369	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	369	9	the	the	DET
easat-10161	369	10	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	369	11	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	369	12	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	369	13	varies	vary	VERB
easat-10161	369	14	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	369	15	the	the	DET
easat-10161	369	16	presence	presence	NOUN
easat-10161	369	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	369	18	randomly	randomly	ADV
easat-10161	369	19	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-10161	369	20	pv	pv	NOUN
easat-10161	369	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	369	22	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	369	23	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	369	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	370	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	370	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	370	3	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	370	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	370	5	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	370	6	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	370	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	370	8	all	all	DET
easat-10161	370	9	three	three	NUM
easat-10161	370	10	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	370	11	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	370	12	voltages	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	370	13	near	near	ADP
easat-10161	370	14	nominal	nominal	ADJ
easat-10161	370	15	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	370	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	370	17	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10161	370	18	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10161	370	19	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	370	20	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	370	21	low	low	ADJ
easat-10161	370	22	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	370	23	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-10161	370	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	371	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	371	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	371	3	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	371	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	371	5	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	371	6	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	371	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	371	8	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	371	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	371	10	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	371	11	remained	remain	VERB
easat-10161	371	12	close	close	ADV
easat-10161	371	13	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	371	14	nominal	nominal	ADJ
easat-10161	371	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	371	16	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	371	17	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	371	18	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
easat-10161	371	19	minor	minor	ADJ
easat-10161	371	20	deviations	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	371	21	toward	toward	ADP
easat-10161	371	22	the	the	DET
easat-10161	371	23	upper	upper	ADJ
easat-10161	371	24	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	371	25	limit	limit	NOUN
easat-10161	371	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	372	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	372	2	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	372	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	373	1	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	373	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	373	3	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	373	4	profile	profile	NOUN
easat-10161	373	5	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	373	6	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	373	7	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	373	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	373	9	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	373	10	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	373	11	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	373	12	1555	1555	NUM
easat-10161	373	13	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	373	14	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	373	15	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	373	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	373	17	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	373	18	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	373	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	373	20	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	373	21	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	373	22	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	373	23	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	373	24	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	374	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	374	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	374	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	374	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	374	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	374	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	374	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	374	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	374	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	374	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	374	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	374	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	374	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	374	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	374	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	374	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	374	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	374	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	374	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	374	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	374	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	374	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	374	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	374	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	374	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	374	26	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	374	27	the	the	DET
easat-10161	374	28	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	374	29	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	374	30	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	374	31	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	374	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	374	33	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	374	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	374	35	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	374	36	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	374	37	more	more	ADV
easat-10161	374	38	stable	stable	ADJ
easat-10161	374	39	voltages	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	374	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	374	41	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
easat-10161	374	42	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	374	43	deviated	deviate	VERB
easat-10161	374	44	slightly	slightly	ADV
easat-10161	374	45	toward	toward	ADP
easat-10161	374	46	the	the	DET
easat-10161	374	47	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10161	374	48	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	374	49	limit	limit	NOUN
easat-10161	374	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	375	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10161	375	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	375	3	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	375	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	375	5	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	375	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	375	7	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	375	8	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	375	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	375	10	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10161	375	11	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	375	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	375	13	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	375	14	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-10161	375	15	preserved	preserve	VERB
easat-10161	375	16	nominal	nominal	ADJ
easat-10161	375	17	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	375	18	levels	level	NOUN
easat-10161	375	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	375	20	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	375	21	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	375	22	showed	show	VERB
easat-10161	375	23	minor	minor	ADJ
easat-10161	375	24	deviations	deviation	NOUN
easat-10161	375	25	near	near	ADP
easat-10161	375	26	the	the	DET
easat-10161	375	27	upper	upper	ADJ
easat-10161	375	28	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	375	29	limit	limit	NOUN
easat-10161	375	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	376	1	these	these	DET
easat-10161	376	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-10161	376	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
easat-10161	376	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	376	5	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	376	6	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	376	7	provides	provide	VERB
easat-10161	376	8	reliable	reliable	ADJ
easat-10161	376	9	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	376	10	control	control	NOUN
easat-10161	376	11	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	376	12	smaller	small	ADJ
easat-10161	376	13	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	376	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	376	15	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	376	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	376	17	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	376	18	offer	offer	VERB
easat-10161	376	19	stronger	strong	ADJ
easat-10161	376	20	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	376	21	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	376	22	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	376	23	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	376	24	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	376	25	pv	pv	NOUN
easat-10161	376	26	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	376	27	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	376	28	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	376	29	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	376	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	377	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10161	377	2	implies	imply	VERB
easat-10161	377	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	377	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	377	5	choice	choice	NOUN
easat-10161	377	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	377	7	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	377	8	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	377	9	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	377	10	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	377	11	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	377	12	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	377	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	377	14	should	should	AUX
easat-10161	377	15	consider	consider	VERB
easat-10161	377	16	both	both	DET
easat-10161	377	17	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	377	18	size	size	NOUN
easat-10161	377	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	377	20	level	level	NOUN
easat-10161	377	21	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	377	22	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	377	23	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	377	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	378	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	378	2	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	378	3	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	378	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	378	5	the	the	DET
easat-10161	378	6	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	378	7	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	378	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	378	9	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	378	10	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	378	11	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	378	12	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	378	13	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	378	14	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	378	15	summarized	summarize	VERB
easat-10161	378	16	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	378	17	table	table	NOUN
easat-10161	378	18	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	378	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	379	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	379	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	379	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	379	4	table	table	NOUN
easat-10161	379	5	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	379	6	showed	show	VERB
easat-10161	379	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	379	8	there	there	PRON
easat-10161	379	9	was	be	VERB
easat-10161	379	10	a	a	DET
easat-10161	379	11	general	general	ADJ
easat-10161	379	12	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-10161	379	13	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	379	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	379	15	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	379	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	379	17	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	379	18	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	379	19	the	the	DET
easat-10161	379	20	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	379	21	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	379	22	compared	compare	VERB
easat-10161	379	23	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	379	24	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	379	25	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	379	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	379	27	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	379	28	due	due	ADP
easat-10161	379	29	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	379	30	the	the	DET
easat-10161	379	31	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	379	32	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	379	33	pv	pv	NOUN
easat-10161	379	34	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	379	35	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	379	36	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	379	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	380	1	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	380	2	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-10161	380	3	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-10161	380	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	380	5	lowest	low	ADJ
easat-10161	380	6	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	380	7	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	380	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	380	9	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	380	10	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	380	11	ranging	range	VERB
easat-10161	380	12	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	380	13	0.385	0.385	NUM
easat-10161	380	14	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	380	15	1.079	1.079	NUM
easat-10161	380	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	380	17	rmse	rmse	ADJ
easat-10161	380	18	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	380	19	0.620	0.620	NUM
easat-10161	380	20	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	380	21	1.039	1.039	NUM
easat-10161	380	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	380	23	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	380	24	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	380	25	0.037	0.037	NUM
easat-10161	380	26	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	380	27	0.105	0.105	NUM
easat-10161	380	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	380	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	380	30	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	380	31	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	380	32	2.005	2.005	NUM
easat-10161	380	33	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	380	34	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	380	35	5.562	5.562	NUM
easat-10161	380	36	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	380	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	380	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	380	39	shortest	short	ADJ
easat-10161	380	40	ct	ct	NOUN
easat-10161	380	41	ranging	range	VERB
easat-10161	380	42	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	380	43	0.1	0.1	NUM
easat-10161	380	44	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	380	45	0.37	0.37	NUM
easat-10161	380	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	380	47	along	along	ADP
easat-10161	380	48	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	380	49	the	the	DET
easat-10161	380	50	highest	high	ADJ
easat-10161	380	51	lvsi	lvsi	ADJ
easat-10161	380	52	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	380	53	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	380	54	0.796	0.796	NUM
easat-10161	380	55	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	380	56	0.870	0.870	NUM
easat-10161	380	57	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	380	58	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	380	59	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10161	380	60	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-10161	380	61	predictive	predictive	ADJ
easat-10161	380	62	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	380	63	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	380	64	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	380	65	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	380	66	even	even	ADV
easat-10161	380	67	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	380	68	pv	pv	NOUN
easat-10161	380	69	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	380	70	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	380	71	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	380	72	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
easat-10161	380	73	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	381	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-10161	381	2	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	381	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	1	summary	summary	NOUN
easat-10161	382	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	382	3	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	382	4	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	382	5	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	382	6	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	382	7	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	382	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	382	9	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	382	10	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	382	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	12	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	382	13	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	382	14	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	382	15	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	382	16	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	382	17	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	382	18	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	382	19	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	382	20	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	382	21	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	382	22	ieee	ieee	PROPN
easat-10161	382	23	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	382	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	25	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	382	26	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	382	27	1.024	1.024	NUM
easat-10161	382	28	2.552	2.552	NUM
easat-10161	382	29	1.828	1.828	NUM
easat-10161	382	30	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	382	31	1.012	1.012	NUM
easat-10161	382	32	1.597	1.597	NUM
easat-10161	382	33	1.352	1.352	NUM
easat-10161	382	34	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	382	35	0.096	0.096	NUM
easat-10161	382	36	0.238	0.238	NUM
easat-10161	382	37	0.180	0.180	NUM
easat-10161	382	38	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	382	39	5.146	5.146	NUM
easat-10161	382	40	10.770	10.770	NUM
easat-10161	382	41	8.903	8.903	NUM
easat-10161	382	42	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	382	43	0.87	0.87	NUM
easat-10161	382	44	0.752	0.752	NUM
easat-10161	382	45	0.696	0.696	NUM
easat-10161	382	46	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	382	47	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	382	48	0.1	0.1	NUM
easat-10161	382	49	0.21	0.21	NUM
easat-10161	382	50	0.15	0.15	NUM
easat-10161	382	51	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	382	52	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	382	53	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	54	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	382	55	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	382	56	0.385	0.385	NUM
easat-10161	382	57	1.714	1.714	NUM
easat-10161	382	58	0.731	0.731	NUM
easat-10161	382	59	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	382	60	0.620	0.620	NUM
easat-10161	382	61	1.309	1.309	NUM
easat-10161	382	62	0.855	0.855	NUM
easat-10161	382	63	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	382	64	0.037	0.037	NUM
easat-10161	382	65	0.166	0.166	NUM
easat-10161	382	66	0.068	0.068	NUM
easat-10161	382	67	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	382	68	2.005	2.005	NUM
easat-10161	382	69	6.612	6.612	NUM
easat-10161	382	70	3.073	3.073	NUM
easat-10161	382	71	lvsi	lvsi	VERB
easat-10161	382	72	0.817	0.817	NUM
easat-10161	382	73	0.705	0.705	NUM
easat-10161	382	74	0.707	0.707	NUM
easat-10161	382	75	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	382	76	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	382	77	0.21	0.21	NUM
easat-10161	382	78	0.44	0.44	NUM
easat-10161	382	79	0.31	0.31	NUM
easat-10161	382	80	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	382	81	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	382	82	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	83	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	382	84	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	382	85	0.539	0.539	NUM
easat-10161	382	86	2.109	2.109	NUM
easat-10161	382	87	1.197	1.197	NUM
easat-10161	382	88	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	382	89	0.734	0.734	NUM
easat-10161	382	90	1.452	1.452	NUM
easat-10161	382	91	1.094	1.094	NUM
easat-10161	382	92	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	382	93	0.043	0.043	NUM
easat-10161	382	94	0.187	0.187	NUM
easat-10161	382	95	0.104	0.104	NUM
easat-10161	382	96	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	382	97	2.364	2.364	NUM
easat-10161	382	98	7.571	7.571	NUM
easat-10161	382	99	4.869	4.869	NUM
easat-10161	382	100	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	382	101	0.810	0.810	NUM
easat-10161	382	102	0.703	0.703	NUM
easat-10161	382	103	0.706	0.706	NUM
easat-10161	382	104	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	382	105	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	382	106	0.2	0.2	NUM
easat-10161	382	107	0.41	0.41	NUM
easat-10161	382	108	0.3	0.3	NUM
easat-10161	382	109	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	382	110	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	382	111	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	112	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	382	113	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	382	114	0.569	0.569	NUM
easat-10161	382	115	2.096	2.096	NUM
easat-10161	382	116	1.282	1.282	NUM
easat-10161	382	117	rmse	rmse	NOUN
easat-10161	382	118	0.754	0.754	NUM
easat-10161	382	119	1.448	1.448	NUM
easat-10161	382	120	1.132	1.132	NUM
easat-10161	382	121	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	382	122	0.051	0.051	NUM
easat-10161	382	123	0.198	0.198	NUM
easat-10161	382	124	0.124	0.124	NUM
easat-10161	382	125	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	382	126	2.731	2.731	NUM
easat-10161	382	127	7.956	7.956	NUM
easat-10161	382	128	5.809	5.809	NUM
easat-10161	382	129	lvsi	lvsi	VERB
easat-10161	382	130	0.796	0.796	NUM
easat-10161	382	131	0.601	0.601	NUM
easat-10161	382	132	0.714	0.714	NUM
easat-10161	382	133	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	382	134	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	382	135	0.37	0.37	NUM
easat-10161	382	136	0.77	0.77	NUM
easat-10161	382	137	0.55	0.55	NUM
easat-10161	382	138	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	382	139	recorded	record	VERB
easat-10161	382	140	the	the	DET
easat-10161	382	141	highest	high	ADJ
easat-10161	382	142	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10161	382	143	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	144	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	382	145	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	146	1.714	1.714	NUM
easat-10161	382	147	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	382	148	2.305	2.305	NUM
easat-10161	382	149	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	150	rmse	rmse	PROPN
easat-10161	382	151	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	152	1.309	1.309	NUM
easat-10161	382	153	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	382	154	1.518	1.518	NUM
easat-10161	382	155	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	156	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	382	157	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	158	0.166	0.166	NUM
easat-10161	382	159	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	160	0.202	0.202	NUM
easat-10161	382	161	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	162	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	382	163	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	164	6.612	6.612	NUM
easat-10161	382	165	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	382	166	8.914	8.914	NUM
easat-10161	382	167	%	%	NOUN
easat-10161	382	168	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	169	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	170	longest	long	ADJ
easat-10161	382	171	ct	ct	NOUN
easat-10161	382	172	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	382	173	0.21	0.21	NUM
easat-10161	382	174	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	382	175	0.77	0.77	NUM
easat-10161	382	176	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	382	177	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10161	382	178	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	382	179	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	180	0.601–0.752	0.601–0.752	NOUN
easat-10161	382	181	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	182	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	183	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	382	184	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	382	185	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	382	186	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	382	187	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
easat-10161	382	188	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	382	189	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	382	190	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	382	191	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	382	192	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	382	193	ct	ct	PRON
easat-10161	382	194	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	382	195	lvsi	lvsi	PROPN
easat-10161	382	196	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	383	1	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	383	2	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	383	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	383	4	case	case	NOUN
easat-10161	383	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	383	6	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	383	7	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	383	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	383	9	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	383	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	383	11	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	383	12	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	383	13	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	383	14	superiority	superiority	NOUN
easat-10161	383	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	383	16	lvsi	lvsi	PROPN
easat-10161	383	17	over	over	ADP
easat-10161	383	18	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	383	19	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	383	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	383	21	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	383	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	383	23	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	383	24	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	383	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	383	26	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10161	383	27	better	well	ADJ
easat-10161	383	28	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	383	29	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	383	30	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	383	31	small	small	ADJ
easat-10161	383	32	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	383	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	383	34	even	even	ADV
easat-10161	383	35	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	383	36	the	the	DET
easat-10161	383	37	presence	presence	NOUN
easat-10161	383	38	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	383	39	dg	dg	PROPN
easat-10161	383	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	384	1	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10161	384	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	384	3	reverse	reverse	ADJ
easat-10161	384	4	case	case	NOUN
easat-10161	384	5	remains	remain	VERB
easat-10161	384	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	384	7	same	same	ADJ
easat-10161	384	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	384	9	the	the	DET
easat-10161	384	10	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	384	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	384	12	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	384	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	384	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	384	15	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	384	16	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	384	17	showing	show	VERB
easat-10161	384	18	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10161	384	19	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	384	20	than	than	ADP
easat-10161	384	21	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	384	22	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	384	23	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	384	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	384	25	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	384	26	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	384	27	compared	compare	VERB
easat-10161	384	28	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	384	29	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	384	30	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	384	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	385	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	385	2	pattern	pattern	NOUN
easat-10161	385	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-10161	385	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	385	5	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	385	6	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	385	7	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	385	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	385	9	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	385	10	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-10161	385	11	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-10161	385	12	enhances	enhance	VERB
easat-10161	385	13	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	385	14	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	385	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	385	16	small	small	ADJ
easat-10161	385	17	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	385	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	385	19	even	even	ADV
easat-10161	385	20	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	385	21	the	the	DET
easat-10161	385	22	influence	influence	NOUN
easat-10161	385	23	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	385	24	dg	dg	PROPN
easat-10161	385	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	386	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10161	386	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	386	3	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	386	4	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	386	5	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	386	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	386	7	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	386	8	relative	relative	ADJ
easat-10161	386	9	advantage	advantage	NOUN
easat-10161	386	10	diminishes	diminish	VERB
easat-10161	386	11	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	386	12	disturbances	disturbance	NOUN
easat-10161	386	13	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	386	14	increased	increase	VERB
easat-10161	386	15	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	386	16	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-10161	386	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	386	18	allowing	allow	VERB
easat-10161	386	19	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	386	20	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	386	21	1556	1556	NUM
easat-10161	386	22	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	386	23	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	386	24	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	386	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	386	26	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	386	27	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	386	28	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	386	29	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	386	30	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	386	31	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	386	32	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	386	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	387	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	387	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	387	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	387	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	387	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	387	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	387	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	387	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	387	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	387	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	387	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	387	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	387	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	387	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	387	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	387	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	387	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	387	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	387	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	387	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	387	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	387	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	387	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	387	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	387	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	387	26	occasionally	occasionally	ADV
easat-10161	387	27	achieve	achieve	VERB
easat-10161	387	28	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10161	387	29	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	387	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	388	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	388	2	highlights	highlight	NOUN
easat-10161	388	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	388	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	388	5	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-10161	388	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	388	7	a	a	DET
easat-10161	388	8	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	388	9	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	388	10	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	388	11	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	388	12	maintaining	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	388	13	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	388	14	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	388	15	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	388	16	both	both	DET
easat-10161	388	17	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	388	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	388	19	size	size	NOUN
easat-10161	388	20	dependent	dependent	ADJ
easat-10161	388	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	388	22	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
easat-10161	388	23	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	388	24	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	388	25	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	388	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	388	27	implying	imply	VERB
easat-10161	388	28	that	that	DET
easat-10161	388	29	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	388	30	selection	selection	NOUN
easat-10161	388	31	should	should	AUX
easat-10161	388	32	consider	consider	VERB
easat-10161	388	33	not	not	PART
easat-10161	388	34	only	only	ADV
easat-10161	388	35	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	388	36	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10161	388	37	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	388	38	the	the	DET
easat-10161	388	39	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-10161	388	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	388	41	operating	operating	NOUN
easat-10161	388	42	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10161	388	43	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	388	44	the	the	DET
easat-10161	388	45	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	388	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	389	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	389	2	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	389	3	characteristics	characteristic	VERB
easat-10161	389	4	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	389	5	plot	plot	NOUN
easat-10161	389	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	389	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	389	8	three	three	NUM
easat-10161	389	9	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	389	10	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	389	11	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	389	12	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	389	13	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	389	14	depicted	depict	VERB
easat-10161	389	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	389	16	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	389	17	15	15	NUM
easat-10161	389	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	390	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	390	2	15	15	NUM
easat-10161	390	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	391	1	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	391	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	391	3	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	391	4	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10161	391	5	plot	plot	NOUN
easat-10161	391	6	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	391	7	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	391	8	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	391	9	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	391	10	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	391	11	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	391	12	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	391	13	5.4	5.4	NUM
easat-10161	391	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	392	1	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	392	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	392	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	392	4	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	392	5	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	392	6	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	392	7	this	this	DET
easat-10161	392	8	subsection	subsection	NOUN
easat-10161	392	9	presents	present	VERB
easat-10161	392	10	a	a	DET
easat-10161	392	11	comparative	comparative	ADJ
easat-10161	392	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	392	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	392	14	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	392	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	392	16	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	392	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	392	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	392	19	gnn	gnn	VERB
easat-10161	392	20	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	392	21	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	392	22	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	392	23	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-10161	392	24	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	392	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	392	26	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	392	27	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	392	28	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	392	29	each	each	DET
easat-10161	392	30	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	392	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	392	32	highlighting	highlight	VERB
easat-10161	392	33	trends	trend	NOUN
easat-10161	392	34	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	392	35	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	392	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	392	37	lvsi	lvsi	PROPN
easat-10161	392	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	392	39	ct	ct	INTJ
easat-10161	392	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	393	1	5.4.1	5.4.1	X
easat-10161	393	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	394	1	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	394	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	394	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	394	4	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	394	5	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	394	6	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-10161	394	7	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	394	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	394	9	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	394	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	394	11	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	394	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	394	13	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	394	14	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	394	15	the	the	DET
easat-10161	394	16	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	394	17	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	394	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	394	19	the	the	DET
easat-10161	394	20	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	394	21	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	394	22	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	394	23	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	394	24	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	394	25	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	394	26	the	the	DET
easat-10161	394	27	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	394	28	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	394	29	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	394	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	394	31	30bus	30bus	NOUN
easat-10161	394	32	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	394	33	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	394	34	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
easat-10161	394	35	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	394	36	figures	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	394	37	16	16	NUM
easat-10161	394	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	394	39	17	17	NUM
easat-10161	394	40	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10161	394	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	395	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	395	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	395	3	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-10161	395	4	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	395	5	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	395	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	395	7	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	395	8	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-10161	395	9	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-10161	395	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	395	11	highest	high	ADJ
easat-10161	395	12	predictive	predictive	ADJ
easat-10161	395	13	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	395	14	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	395	15	all	all	DET
easat-10161	395	16	operating	operating	NOUN
easat-10161	395	17	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	395	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	396	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	396	2	the	the	DET
easat-10161	396	3	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	396	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	396	5	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	396	6	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	396	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	396	8	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	396	9	recorded	record	VERB
easat-10161	396	10	the	the	DET
easat-10161	396	11	lowest	low	ADJ
easat-10161	396	12	mse	mse	PROPN
easat-10161	396	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	396	14	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-10161	396	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	396	16	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	396	17	values	value	NOUN
easat-10161	396	18	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	396	19	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	396	20	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	396	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	396	22	highlighting	highlight	VERB
easat-10161	396	23	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	396	24	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10161	396	25	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	396	26	smaller	small	ADJ
easat-10161	396	27	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	396	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	397	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
easat-10161	397	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	397	3	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	397	4	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	397	5	had	have	VERB
easat-10161	397	6	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10161	397	7	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	397	8	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	397	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	397	10	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	397	11	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	397	12	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	397	13	greater	great	ADJ
easat-10161	397	14	than	than	ADP
easat-10161	397	15	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	397	16	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	397	17	all	all	DET
easat-10161	397	18	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	397	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	397	20	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	397	21	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	397	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	397	23	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10161	397	24	stronger	strong	ADJ
easat-10161	397	25	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	397	26	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	397	27	predictions	prediction	NOUN
easat-10161	397	28	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-10161	397	29	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10161	397	30	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-10161	397	31	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	397	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	398	1	1557	1557	NUM
easat-10161	398	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	398	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	398	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	398	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	398	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	398	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	398	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	398	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	398	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	398	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	398	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	398	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	399	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	399	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	399	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	399	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	399	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	399	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	399	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	399	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	399	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	399	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	399	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	399	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	399	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	399	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	399	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	399	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	399	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	399	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	399	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	399	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	399	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	399	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	399	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	399	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	399	25	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-10161	399	26	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	399	27	16	16	NUM
easat-10161	399	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	400	1	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	400	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	400	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	400	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	400	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	400	6	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	400	7	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	400	8	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	400	9	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	400	10	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	400	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	400	12	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	400	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	400	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	401	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	401	2	17	17	NUM
easat-10161	401	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	402	1	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	402	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	402	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	402	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	402	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	402	6	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	402	7	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	402	8	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	402	9	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	402	10	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	402	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	402	12	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	402	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	402	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	403	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	403	2	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	403	3	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	403	4	observed	observe	VERB
easat-10161	403	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	403	6	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	403	7	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	403	8	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	403	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	403	10	all	all	DET
easat-10161	403	11	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	403	12	showed	show	VERB
easat-10161	403	13	slight	slight	ADJ
easat-10161	403	14	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	403	15	degradation	degradation	NOUN
easat-10161	403	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	403	17	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	403	18	increased	increase	VERB
easat-10161	403	19	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10161	403	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	403	21	decreased	decrease	VERB
easat-10161	403	22	lvsi	lvsi	PROPN
easat-10161	403	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	403	24	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-10161	403	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	403	26	increased	increase	VERB
easat-10161	403	27	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-10161	403	28	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	403	29	stressed	stress	VERB
easat-10161	403	30	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	403	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	404	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10161	404	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	404	3	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	404	4	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	404	5	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	404	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	404	7	all	all	DET
easat-10161	404	8	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	404	9	showed	show	VERB
easat-10161	404	10	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-10161	404	11	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-10161	404	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	404	13	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-10161	404	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	404	15	the	the	DET
easat-10161	404	16	value	value	NOUN
easat-10161	404	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	404	18	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	404	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	404	20	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-10161	404	21	the	the	DET
easat-10161	404	22	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-10161	404	23	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	404	24	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	404	25	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	404	26	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	404	27	improved	improved	ADJ
easat-10161	404	28	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	404	29	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	404	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	405	1	generally	generally	ADV
easat-10161	405	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	405	3	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	405	4	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	405	5	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
easat-10161	405	6	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	405	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	405	8	outperforming	outperform	VERB
easat-10161	405	9	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	405	10	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	405	11	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	405	12	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10161	405	13	slightly	slightly	ADV
easat-10161	405	14	behind	behind	ADP
easat-10161	405	15	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	405	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	405	17	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	405	18	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	405	19	times	time	NOUN
easat-10161	405	20	were	be	AUX
easat-10161	405	21	lowest	low	ADJ
easat-10161	405	22	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	405	23	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	405	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	405	25	moderate	moderate	ADJ
easat-10161	405	26	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	405	27	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	405	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	405	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	405	30	highest	high	ADJ
easat-10161	405	31	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	405	32	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	405	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	406	1	5.4.2	5.4.2	X
easat-10161	406	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	407	1	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	407	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	407	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	407	4	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	407	5	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	407	6	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	407	7	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	407	8	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	407	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	407	10	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	407	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	407	12	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	407	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	407	14	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	407	15	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	407	16	the	the	DET
easat-10161	407	17	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	407	18	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	407	19	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	407	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	407	21	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	407	22	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	407	23	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	407	24	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	407	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	407	26	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	407	27	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	407	28	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	407	29	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	407	30	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	407	31	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
easat-10161	407	32	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	407	33	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	407	34	18	18	NUM
easat-10161	407	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	408	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	408	2	diagram	diagram	NOUN
easat-10161	408	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	408	4	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	408	5	18	18	NUM
easat-10161	408	6	showed	show	VERB
easat-10161	408	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	408	8	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	408	9	again	again	ADV
easat-10161	408	10	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10161	408	11	superior	superior	ADJ
easat-10161	408	12	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	408	13	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	408	14	all	all	DET
easat-10161	408	15	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	408	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	408	17	with	with	SCONJ
easat-10161	408	18	mse	mse	NOUN
easat-10161	408	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	408	20	mape	mape	NOUN
easat-10161	408	21	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-10161	408	22	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10161	408	23	than	than	ADP
easat-10161	408	24	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10161	408	25	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	408	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	408	27	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	408	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	409	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	409	2	trend	trend	NOUN
easat-10161	409	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	409	4	slightly	slightly	ADV
easat-10161	409	5	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10161	409	6	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10161	409	7	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	409	8	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	409	9	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	409	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	409	11	improved	improve	VERB
easat-10161	409	12	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	409	13	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	409	14	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	409	15	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	409	16	persisted	persist	VERB
easat-10161	409	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	409	18	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10161	409	19	the	the	DET
easat-10161	409	20	expected	expect	VERB
easat-10161	409	21	challenge	challenge	NOUN
easat-10161	409	22	posed	pose	VERB
easat-10161	409	23	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	409	24	stress	stress	NOUN
easat-10161	409	25	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	409	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	409	27	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-10161	409	28	dg	dg	PART
easat-10161	409	29	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	409	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	409	31	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10161	409	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	410	1	overall	overall	ADV
easat-10161	410	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	410	3	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	410	4	provided	provide	VERB
easat-10161	410	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	410	6	balance	balance	NOUN
easat-10161	410	7	0	0	NUM
easat-10161	410	8	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	410	9	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	410	10	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	410	11	8	8	NUM
easat-10161	410	12	10	10	NUM
easat-10161	410	13	12	12	NUM
easat-10161	410	14	m	m	NOUN
easat-10161	410	15	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	410	16	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	410	17	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	410	18	se	se	X
easat-10161	410	19	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	410	20	a	a	DET
easat-10161	410	21	e	e	X
easat-10161	410	22	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	410	23	a	a	DET
easat-10161	410	24	p	p	X
easat-10161	410	25	e	e	X
easat-10161	410	26	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	410	27	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	410	28	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	410	29	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	410	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	411	1	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	411	2	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	412	1	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	412	2	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	412	3	se	se	X
easat-10161	412	4	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	412	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	412	6	e	e	X
easat-10161	412	7	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	412	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	412	9	p	p	X
easat-10161	412	10	e	e	X
easat-10161	412	11	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	412	12	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	412	13	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	412	14	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	412	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	413	1	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	413	2	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	414	1	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	414	2	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	414	3	se	se	X
easat-10161	414	4	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	414	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	414	6	e	e	X
easat-10161	414	7	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	414	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	414	9	p	p	X
easat-10161	414	10	e	e	X
easat-10161	414	11	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	414	12	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	414	13	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	414	14	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	414	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	415	1	steady	steady	ADJ
easat-10161	415	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	415	3	state	state	NOUN
easat-10161	415	4	fault	fault	NOUN
easat-10161	415	5	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	415	6	dg	dg	PART
easat-10161	415	7	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	415	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	415	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	415	10	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	415	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	415	12	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	415	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	415	14	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	415	15	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	415	16	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	415	17	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	415	18	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	415	19	14bus	14bus	PROPN
easat-10161	415	20	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	415	21	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	415	22	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	415	23	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	415	24	0	0	NUM
easat-10161	415	25	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	415	26	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	415	27	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	415	28	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	415	29	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	415	30	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	415	31	7	7	NUM
easat-10161	415	32	8	8	NUM
easat-10161	415	33	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	415	34	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	415	35	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	415	36	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	415	37	se	se	X
easat-10161	415	38	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	415	39	a	a	DET
easat-10161	415	40	e	e	X
easat-10161	415	41	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	415	42	a	a	DET
easat-10161	415	43	p	p	X
easat-10161	415	44	e	e	X
easat-10161	415	45	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	415	46	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	415	47	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	415	48	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	415	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	416	1	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	416	2	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	417	1	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	417	2	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	417	3	se	se	X
easat-10161	417	4	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	417	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	417	6	e	e	X
easat-10161	417	7	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	417	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	417	9	p	p	X
easat-10161	417	10	e	e	X
easat-10161	417	11	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	417	12	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	417	13	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	417	14	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	417	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	418	1	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	418	2	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	419	1	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	419	2	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	419	3	se	se	X
easat-10161	419	4	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	419	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	419	6	e	e	X
easat-10161	419	7	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	419	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	419	9	p	p	X
easat-10161	419	10	e	e	X
easat-10161	419	11	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	419	12	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	419	13	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	419	14	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	419	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	420	1	steady	steady	ADJ
easat-10161	420	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	420	3	state	state	NOUN
easat-10161	420	4	fault	fault	NOUN
easat-10161	420	5	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	420	6	dg	dg	PART
easat-10161	420	7	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	420	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	420	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	420	10	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	420	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	420	12	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	420	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	420	14	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	420	15	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	420	16	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	420	17	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	420	18	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	420	19	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	420	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	420	21	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	420	22	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	420	23	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	420	24	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	420	25	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	420	26	1558	1558	NUM
easat-10161	420	27	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	420	28	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	420	29	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	420	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	420	31	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	420	32	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	420	33	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	420	34	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	420	35	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	420	36	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	420	37	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	420	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	421	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	421	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	421	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	421	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	421	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	421	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	421	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	421	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	421	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	421	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	421	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	421	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	421	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	421	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	421	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	421	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	421	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	421	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	421	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	421	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	421	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	421	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	421	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	421	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	421	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	421	26	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	421	27	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	421	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	421	29	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	421	30	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	421	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	421	32	outperforming	outperform	VERB
easat-10161	421	33	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	421	34	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	421	35	error	error	NOUN
easat-10161	421	36	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	421	37	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	421	38	maintaining	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	421	39	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
easat-10161	421	40	high	high	ADJ
easat-10161	421	41	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	421	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	422	1	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	422	2	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	422	3	lvsi	lvsi	PROPN
easat-10161	422	4	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	422	5	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10161	422	6	than	than	ADP
easat-10161	422	7	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	422	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	422	9	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	422	10	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	422	11	this	this	DET
easat-10161	422	12	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	422	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	422	14	although	although	SCONJ
easat-10161	422	15	it	it	PRON
easat-10161	422	16	still	still	ADV
easat-10161	422	17	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-10161	422	18	to	to	PART
easat-10161	422	19	voltage	voltage	VERB
easat-10161	422	20	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	422	21	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-10161	422	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	423	1	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	423	2	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	423	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	423	4	fastest	fast	ADJ
easat-10161	423	5	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	423	6	times	time	NOUN
easat-10161	423	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	423	8	confirming	confirm	VERB
easat-10161	423	9	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	423	10	suitability	suitability	NOUN
easat-10161	423	11	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	423	12	moderate	moderate	ADJ
easat-10161	423	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	423	14	size	size	NOUN
easat-10161	423	15	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	423	16	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	423	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	424	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	424	2	18	18	NUM
easat-10161	424	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	425	1	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	425	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	425	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	425	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	425	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	425	6	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	425	7	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	425	8	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	425	9	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	425	10	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	425	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	425	12	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	425	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	425	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	426	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	426	2	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	426	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	426	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	426	5	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	426	6	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	426	7	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	426	8	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	426	9	the	the	DET
easat-10161	426	10	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	426	11	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	426	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	426	13	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	426	14	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	426	15	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	426	16	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	426	17	depicted	depict	VERB
easat-10161	426	18	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	426	19	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	426	20	19	19	NUM
easat-10161	426	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	427	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	427	2	diagram	diagram	NOUN
easat-10161	427	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	427	4	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	427	5	19	19	NUM
easat-10161	427	6	showed	show	VERB
easat-10161	427	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	427	8	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	427	9	continued	continue	VERB
easat-10161	427	10	to	to	PART
easat-10161	427	11	outperform	outperform	VERB
easat-10161	427	12	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	427	13	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	427	14	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-10161	427	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	428	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
easat-10161	428	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	428	3	lvsi	lvsi	VERB
easat-10161	428	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	428	5	shows	show	VERB
easat-10161	428	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	428	7	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	428	8	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-10161	428	9	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	428	10	superiority	superiority	NOUN
easat-10161	428	11	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	428	12	all	all	DET
easat-10161	428	13	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	428	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	428	15	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	428	16	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	428	17	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	428	18	lvsi	lvsi	PROPN
easat-10161	428	19	exceeded	exceed	VERB
easat-10161	428	20	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	428	21	only	only	ADV
easat-10161	428	22	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	428	23	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	428	24	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	428	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	428	26	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10161	428	27	fell	fall	VERB
easat-10161	428	28	below	below	ADP
easat-10161	428	29	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	428	30	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	428	31	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	428	32	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	428	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	428	34	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	428	35	.	.	X
easat-10161	429	1	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	429	2	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10161	429	3	better	well	ADJ
easat-10161	429	4	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	429	5	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	429	6	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	429	7	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	429	8	stressed	stress	VERB
easat-10161	429	9	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	429	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	429	11	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-10161	429	12	resilience	resilience	NOUN
easat-10161	429	13	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	429	14	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	429	15	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	429	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	430	1	all	all	DET
easat-10161	430	2	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	430	3	experienced	experience	VERB
easat-10161	430	4	slight	slight	ADJ
easat-10161	430	5	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	430	6	degradation	degradation	NOUN
easat-10161	430	7	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	430	8	fault	fault	NOUN
easat-10161	430	9	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	430	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	430	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	430	12	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-10161	430	13	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-10161	430	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	430	15	lvsi	lvsi	PROPN
easat-10161	430	16	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	430	17	dg	dg	PROPN
easat-10161	430	18	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	430	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	430	20	highlighting	highlight	VERB
easat-10161	430	21	the	the	DET
easat-10161	430	22	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-10161	430	23	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	430	24	high	high	ADJ
easat-10161	430	25	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	430	26	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10161	430	27	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	430	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	430	29	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-10161	430	30	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	430	31	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-10161	430	32	dg	dg	PROPN
easat-10161	430	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	431	1	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	431	2	’s	’s	PART
easat-10161	431	3	combination	combination	NOUN
easat-10161	431	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	431	5	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	431	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	431	7	computation	computation	NOUN
easat-10161	431	8	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10161	431	9	remained	remain	VERB
easat-10161	431	10	superior	superior	ADJ
easat-10161	431	11	even	even	ADV
easat-10161	431	12	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	431	13	large	large	ADJ
easat-10161	431	14	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	431	15	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	431	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	432	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10161	432	2	19	19	NUM
easat-10161	432	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	433	1	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	433	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	433	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	433	4	the	the	DET
easat-10161	433	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	433	6	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	433	7	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	433	8	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	433	9	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	433	10	28	28	NUM
easat-10161	433	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	433	12	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	433	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	433	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	434	1	0	0	NUM
easat-10161	435	1	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	435	2	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	435	3	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	435	4	8	8	NUM
easat-10161	435	5	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	435	6	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	435	7	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	435	8	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	435	9	se	se	X
easat-10161	435	10	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	435	11	a	a	DET
easat-10161	435	12	e	e	X
easat-10161	435	13	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	435	14	a	a	DET
easat-10161	435	15	p	p	X
easat-10161	435	16	e	e	X
easat-10161	435	17	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	435	18	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	435	19	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	435	20	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	435	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	436	1	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	436	2	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	437	1	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	437	2	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	437	3	se	se	X
easat-10161	437	4	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	437	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	437	6	e	e	X
easat-10161	437	7	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	437	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	437	9	p	p	X
easat-10161	437	10	e	e	X
easat-10161	437	11	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	437	12	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	437	13	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	437	14	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	437	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	438	1	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	438	2	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	439	1	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	439	2	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	439	3	se	se	X
easat-10161	439	4	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	439	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	439	6	e	e	X
easat-10161	439	7	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	439	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	439	9	p	p	X
easat-10161	439	10	e	e	X
easat-10161	439	11	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	439	12	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	439	13	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	439	14	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	439	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	440	1	steady	steady	ADJ
easat-10161	440	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	440	3	state	state	NOUN
easat-10161	440	4	fault	fault	NOUN
easat-10161	440	5	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	440	6	dg	dg	PART
easat-10161	440	7	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	440	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	440	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	440	10	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	440	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	440	12	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	440	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	440	14	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	440	15	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	440	16	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	440	17	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	440	18	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	440	19	28bus	28bus	NOUN
easat-10161	440	20	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	440	21	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	440	22	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	440	23	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	440	24	0	0	NUM
easat-10161	440	25	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	440	26	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	440	27	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	440	28	8	8	NUM
easat-10161	440	29	10	10	NUM
easat-10161	440	30	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	440	31	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	441	1	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	441	2	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	441	3	se	se	X
easat-10161	441	4	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	441	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	441	6	e	e	X
easat-10161	441	7	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	441	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	441	9	p	p	X
easat-10161	441	10	e	e	X
easat-10161	441	11	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	441	12	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	441	13	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	441	14	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	441	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	442	1	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	442	2	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	443	1	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	443	2	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	443	3	se	se	X
easat-10161	443	4	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	443	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	443	6	e	e	X
easat-10161	443	7	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	443	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	443	9	p	p	X
easat-10161	443	10	e	e	X
easat-10161	443	11	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	443	12	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	443	13	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	443	14	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	443	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	444	1	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	444	2	se	se	PROPN
easat-10161	445	1	r	r	NOUN
easat-10161	445	2	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	445	3	se	se	X
easat-10161	445	4	m	m	PROPN
easat-10161	445	5	a	a	DET
easat-10161	445	6	e	e	X
easat-10161	445	7	m	m	VERB
easat-10161	445	8	a	a	DET
easat-10161	445	9	p	p	X
easat-10161	445	10	e	e	X
easat-10161	445	11	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-10161	445	12	si	si	PROPN
easat-10161	445	13	c	c	PROPN
easat-10161	445	14	.t	.t	PROPN
easat-10161	445	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	446	1	steady	steady	ADJ
easat-10161	446	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	446	3	state	state	NOUN
easat-10161	446	4	fault	fault	NOUN
easat-10161	446	5	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	446	6	dg	dg	PART
easat-10161	446	7	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	446	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	446	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	446	10	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	446	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	446	12	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	446	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	446	14	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-10161	446	15	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	446	16	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	446	17	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	446	18	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	446	19	52bus	52bus	NOUN
easat-10161	446	20	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	446	21	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	446	22	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	446	23	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	446	24	1559	1559	NUM
easat-10161	446	25	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	446	26	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	446	27	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	446	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	446	29	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	446	30	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	446	31	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	446	32	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	446	33	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	446	34	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	446	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	446	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	447	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	447	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	447	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	447	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	447	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	447	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	447	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	447	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	447	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	447	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	447	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	447	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	447	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	447	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	447	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	447	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	447	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	447	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	447	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	447	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	447	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	447	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	447	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	447	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	447	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	447	26	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	447	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	447	28	conclusion	conclusion	VERB
easat-10161	447	29	the	the	DET
easat-10161	447	30	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	447	31	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	447	32	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	447	33	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	447	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	447	35	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	447	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	447	37	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	447	38	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	447	39	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	447	40	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	447	41	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	447	42	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	447	43	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	447	44	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	447	45	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	447	46	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	447	47	steady	steady	ADJ
easat-10161	447	48	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	447	49	state	state	NOUN
easat-10161	447	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	447	51	fault	fault	NOUN
easat-10161	447	52	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	447	53	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	447	54	dg	dg	VERB
easat-10161	447	55	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	447	56	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	447	57	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	447	58	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	447	59	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	447	60	this	this	DET
easat-10161	447	61	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	447	62	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	448	1	nr	nr	PRON
easat-10161	448	2	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	448	3	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	448	4	method	method	NOUN
easat-10161	448	5	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	448	6	used	use	VERB
easat-10161	448	7	to	to	PART
easat-10161	448	8	obtain	obtain	VERB
easat-10161	448	9	the	the	DET
easat-10161	448	10	necessary	necessary	ADJ
easat-10161	448	11	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10161	448	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	448	13	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	448	14	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10161	448	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	448	16	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10161	448	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	448	18	required	require	VERB
easat-10161	448	19	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	448	20	training	training	NOUN
easat-10161	448	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	448	22	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10161	448	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	448	24	testing	testing	NOUN
easat-10161	448	25	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	448	26	varied	varied	ADJ
easat-10161	448	27	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	448	28	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	448	29	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	448	30	each	each	DET
easat-10161	448	31	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	448	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	449	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	449	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10161	449	3	was	be	AUX
easat-10161	449	4	divided	divide	VERB
easat-10161	449	5	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	449	6	50:25:25	50:25:25	NUM
easat-10161	449	7	ratio	ratio	NOUN
easat-10161	449	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	449	9	training	training	NOUN
easat-10161	449	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	449	11	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10161	449	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	449	13	testing	testing	NOUN
easat-10161	449	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	449	15	each	each	DET
easat-10161	449	16	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	449	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	449	18	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10161	449	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	450	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	450	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10161	450	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10161	450	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	450	5	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	450	6	all	all	DET
easat-10161	450	7	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	450	8	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	450	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	450	10	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	450	11	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-10161	450	12	delivered	deliver	VERB
easat-10161	450	13	the	the	DET
easat-10161	450	14	best	good	ADJ
easat-10161	450	15	balance	balance	NOUN
easat-10161	450	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	450	17	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	450	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	450	19	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	450	20	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	450	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	450	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	450	23	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10161	450	24	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10161	450	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	450	26	confirming	confirm	VERB
easat-10161	450	27	its	its	PRON
easat-10161	450	28	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10161	450	29	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	450	30	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	450	31	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	450	32	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	450	33	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	450	34	varied	varied	ADJ
easat-10161	450	35	operating	operating	NOUN
easat-10161	450	36	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	450	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	451	1	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	451	2	generally	generally	ADV
easat-10161	451	3	ranked	rank	VERB
easat-10161	451	4	second	second	ADV
easat-10161	451	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	451	6	offering	offer	VERB
easat-10161	451	7	a	a	DET
easat-10161	451	8	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	451	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	451	10	oriented	orient	VERB
easat-10161	451	11	alternative	alternative	NOUN
easat-10161	451	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	451	13	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-10161	451	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	451	15	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	451	16	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10161	451	17	stressed	stress	VERB
easat-10161	451	18	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	451	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	451	20	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10161	451	21	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	451	22	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
easat-10161	451	23	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	451	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	451	25	dependent	dependent	ADJ
easat-10161	451	26	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	451	27	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	451	28	strengths	strength	NOUN
easat-10161	451	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	451	30	performing	perform	VERB
easat-10161	451	31	well	well	ADV
easat-10161	451	32	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	451	33	small	small	ADJ
easat-10161	451	34	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	451	35	like	like	ADP
easat-10161	451	36	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	451	37	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	451	38	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	451	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	451	40	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	451	41	steady	steady	ADJ
easat-10161	451	42	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	451	43	state	state	NOUN
easat-10161	451	44	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	451	45	52bus	52bus	NOUN
easat-10161	451	46	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	451	47	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10161	451	48	less	less	ADV
easat-10161	451	49	so	so	ADV
easat-10161	451	50	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	451	51	larger	large	ADJ
easat-10161	451	52	stressed	stressed	ADJ
easat-10161	451	53	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	451	54	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	452	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	452	2	slight	slight	ADJ
easat-10161	452	3	degradation	degradation	NOUN
easat-10161	452	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	452	5	all	all	DET
easat-10161	452	6	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	452	7	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	452	8	fault	fault	NOUN
easat-10161	452	9	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	452	10	underscores	underscore	VERB
easat-10161	452	11	the	the	DET
easat-10161	452	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-10161	452	13	introduced	introduce	VERB
easat-10161	452	14	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	452	15	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	452	16	stresses	stress	NOUN
easat-10161	452	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	453	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10161	453	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	453	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	453	4	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-10161	453	5	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	453	6	lvsi	lvsi	NOUN
easat-10161	453	7	across	across	ADP
easat-10161	453	8	test	test	NOUN
easat-10161	453	9	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	453	10	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	453	11	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	453	12	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	453	13	validates	validate	VERB
easat-10161	453	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	453	15	need	need	NOUN
easat-10161	453	16	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	453	17	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	453	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	453	19	dg	dg	NOUN
easat-10161	453	20	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-10161	453	21	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	453	22	improved	improved	ADJ
easat-10161	453	23	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	453	24	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	453	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	454	1	these	these	DET
easat-10161	454	2	trends	trend	NOUN
easat-10161	454	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-10161	454	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	454	5	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	454	6	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	454	7	best	good	ADJ
easat-10161	454	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	454	9	fast	fast	ADJ
easat-10161	454	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	454	11	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10161	454	12	predictions	prediction	NOUN
easat-10161	454	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	454	14	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	454	15	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	454	16	advantageous	advantageous	ADJ
easat-10161	454	17	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	454	18	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	454	19	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-10161	454	20	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	454	21	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10161	454	22	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	454	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	454	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	454	25	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	454	26	can	can	AUX
easat-10161	454	27	be	be	AUX
easat-10161	454	28	useful	useful	ADJ
easat-10161	454	29	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10161	454	30	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	454	31	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	454	32	focus	focus	VERB
easat-10161	454	33	outweighs	outweigh	VERB
easat-10161	454	34	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-10161	454	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	455	1	overall	overall	ADV
easat-10161	455	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	455	3	this	this	DET
easat-10161	455	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	455	5	contributes	contribute	VERB
easat-10161	455	6	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	455	7	the	the	DET
easat-10161	455	8	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	455	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	455	10	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-10161	455	11	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	455	12	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	455	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	455	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	455	15	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	455	16	providing	provide	VERB
easat-10161	455	17	a	a	DET
easat-10161	455	18	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-10161	455	19	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	455	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	455	21	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	455	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	455	23	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-10161	455	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	455	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	455	26	pinn	pinn	NOUN
easat-10161	455	27	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	455	28	realistic	realistic	ADJ
easat-10161	455	29	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-10161	455	30	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	455	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	456	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	456	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-10161	456	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	456	4	this	this	DET
easat-10161	456	5	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	456	6	offer	offer	VERB
easat-10161	456	7	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10161	456	8	guidance	guidance	NOUN
easat-10161	456	9	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	456	10	model	model	NOUN
easat-10161	456	11	selection	selection	NOUN
easat-10161	456	12	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	456	13	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	456	14	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	456	15	size	size	NOUN
easat-10161	456	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	456	17	operating	operating	NOUN
easat-10161	456	18	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	456	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	456	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	456	21	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10161	456	22	priorities	priority	NOUN
easat-10161	456	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	456	24	highlighting	highlight	VERB
easat-10161	456	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	456	26	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-10161	456	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	456	28	offs	off	NOUN
easat-10161	456	29	between	between	ADP
easat-10161	456	30	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10161	456	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	456	32	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	456	33	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	456	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	456	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	456	36	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10161	456	37	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10161	456	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	1	7	7	X
easat-10161	457	2	.	.	X
easat-10161	457	3	future	future	ADJ
easat-10161	457	4	studies	study	NOUN
easat-10161	457	5	future	future	ADJ
easat-10161	457	6	studies	study	NOUN
easat-10161	457	7	should	should	AUX
easat-10161	457	8	consider	consider	VERB
easat-10161	457	9	extending	extend	VERB
easat-10161	457	10	these	these	DET
easat-10161	457	11	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	457	12	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	457	13	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
easat-10161	457	14	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	457	15	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	457	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	17	real	real	ADJ
easat-10161	457	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	19	time	time	NOUN
easat-10161	457	20	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-10161	457	21	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-10161	457	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	457	24	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10161	457	25	architectures	architecture	NOUN
easat-10161	457	26	to	to	PART
easat-10161	457	27	further	far	ADV
easat-10161	457	28	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-10161	457	29	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	457	30	resilience	resilience	NOUN
easat-10161	457	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	32	smart	smart	ADJ
easat-10161	457	33	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	457	34	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-10161	457	35	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	36	making	making	NOUN
easat-10161	457	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	457	39	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	457	40	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	457	41	dg	dg	PROPN
easat-10161	457	42	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-10161	457	43	transparency	transparency	NOUN
easat-10161	457	44	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	45	the	the	DET
easat-10161	457	46	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	457	47	confirm	confirm	VERB
easat-10161	457	48	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	457	49	the	the	DET
easat-10161	457	50	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
easat-10161	457	51	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	457	52	an	an	DET
easat-10161	457	53	honest	honest	ADJ
easat-10161	457	54	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	55	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10161	457	56	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	57	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	457	58	transparent	transparent	ADJ
easat-10161	457	59	account	account	NOUN
easat-10161	457	60	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	457	61	the	the	DET
easat-10161	457	62	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	457	63	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	64	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	457	65	no	no	DET
easat-10161	457	66	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-10161	457	67	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10161	457	68	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	457	69	the	the	DET
easat-10161	457	70	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	457	71	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	457	72	been	be	AUX
easat-10161	457	73	omitted	omit	VERB
easat-10161	457	74	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	457	75	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	457	76	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10161	457	77	any	any	DET
easat-10161	457	78	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-10161	457	79	from	from	ADP
easat-10161	457	80	the	the	DET
easat-10161	457	81	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	457	82	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10161	457	83	planned	plan	VERB
easat-10161	457	84	have	have	AUX
easat-10161	457	85	been	be	AUX
easat-10161	457	86	explained	explain	VERB
easat-10161	457	87	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	458	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	458	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	458	3	followed	follow	VERB
easat-10161	458	4	all	all	DET
easat-10161	458	5	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-10161	458	6	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-10161	458	7	during	during	ADP
easat-10161	458	8	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-10161	458	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	459	1	acknowledgement	acknowledgement	NOUN
easat-10161	459	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	459	3	the	the	DET
easat-10161	459	4	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	459	5	would	would	AUX
easat-10161	459	6	like	like	VERB
easat-10161	459	7	to	to	PART
easat-10161	459	8	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
easat-10161	459	9	the	the	DET
easat-10161	459	10	support	support	NOUN
easat-10161	459	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	459	12	department	department	NOUN
easat-10161	459	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	459	14	electrical	electrical	ADJ
easat-10161	459	15	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-10161	459	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	459	17	faculty	faculty	NOUN
easat-10161	459	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	459	19	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-10161	459	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	459	21	the	the	DET
easat-10161	459	22	built	build	VERB
easat-10161	459	23	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-10161	459	24	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	459	25	providing	provide	VERB
easat-10161	459	26	the	the	DET
easat-10161	459	27	necessary	necessary	ADJ
easat-10161	459	28	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-10161	459	29	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	459	30	carrying	carry	VERB
easat-10161	459	31	out	out	ADP
easat-10161	459	32	the	the	DET
easat-10161	459	33	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	459	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	460	1	the	the	DET
easat-10161	460	2	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	460	3	would	would	AUX
easat-10161	460	4	also	also	ADV
easat-10161	460	5	love	love	VERB
easat-10161	460	6	to	to	PART
easat-10161	460	7	appreciate	appreciate	VERB
easat-10161	460	8	the	the	DET
easat-10161	460	9	contribution	contribution	NOUN
easat-10161	460	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	460	11	the	the	DET
easat-10161	460	12	research	research	NOUN
easat-10161	460	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	460	14	innovation	innovation	NOUN
easat-10161	460	15	center	center	NOUN
easat-10161	460	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	460	17	tshwane	tshwane	NOUN
easat-10161	460	18	university	university	NOUN
easat-10161	460	19	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	460	20	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	460	21	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	460	22	their	their	PRON
easat-10161	460	23	contributions	contribution	NOUN
easat-10161	460	24	towards	towards	ADP
easat-10161	460	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	460	26	success	success	NOUN
easat-10161	460	27	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	460	28	the	the	DET
easat-10161	460	29	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	460	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	461	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
easat-10161	461	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	461	3	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	461	4	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	461	5	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	461	6	the	the	DET
easat-10161	461	7	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	461	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	462	1	this	this	DET
easat-10161	462	2	open	open	ADJ
easat-10161	462	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	462	4	access	access	NOUN
easat-10161	462	5	article	article	NOUN
easat-10161	462	6	is	be	AUX
easat-10161	462	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-10161	462	8	under	under	ADP
easat-10161	462	9	the	the	DET
easat-10161	462	10	terms	term	NOUN
easat-10161	462	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	462	12	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10161	462	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	462	14	the	the	DET
easat-10161	462	15	creative	creative	ADJ
easat-10161	462	16	commons	common	NOUN
easat-10161	462	17	attribution	attribution	NOUN
easat-10161	462	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	462	19	cc	cc	NOUN
easat-10161	462	20	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	462	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	462	22	license	license	NOUN
easat-10161	462	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	462	24	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-10161	462	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	462	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	463	1	references	reference	NOUN
easat-10161	463	2	[	[	X
easat-10161	463	3	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	463	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	463	5	x.	x.	NOUN
easat-10161	464	1	p.	p.	PROPN
easat-10161	464	2	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-10161	464	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	464	4	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	464	5	fundamentals	fundamental	NOUN
easat-10161	464	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	464	7	electric	electric	ADJ
easat-10161	464	8	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	464	9	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	464	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	464	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	464	12	restructured	restructure	VERB
easat-10161	464	13	electric	electric	ADJ
easat-10161	464	14	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	464	15	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	464	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	464	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	464	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	464	19	electricity	electricity	NOUN
easat-10161	464	20	markets	market	NOUN
easat-10161	464	21	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	464	22	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
easat-10161	464	23	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	464	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	464	25	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	464	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	465	1	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	465	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	465	3	52	52	NUM
easat-10161	465	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	465	5	2010	2010	NUM
easat-10161	465	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	1	https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470608555.ch1	https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470608555.ch1	X
easat-10161	466	2	[	[	X
easat-10161	466	3	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	466	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	5	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	466	6	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10161	466	7	rahman	rahman	PROPN
easat-10161	466	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	9	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	466	10	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-10161	466	11	dadon	dadon	PROPN
easat-10161	466	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	13	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	466	14	he	he	PRON
easat-10161	466	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	16	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	466	17	giesselmann	giesselmann	PROPN
easat-10161	466	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	466	20	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	466	21	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10161	466	22	hasan	hasan	PROPN
easat-10161	466	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	24	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	25	an	an	DET
easat-10161	466	26	overview	overview	NOUN
easat-10161	466	27	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	466	28	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	466	29	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	466	30	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
easat-10161	466	31	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	32	high	high	ADJ
easat-10161	466	33	renewable	renewable	ADJ
easat-10161	466	34	energy	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	466	35	penetration	penetration	NOUN
easat-10161	466	36	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10161	466	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	38	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	39	energies	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	466	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	41	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	466	42	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	466	43	17	17	NUM
easat-10161	466	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	45	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	466	46	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	466	47	24	24	NUM
easat-10161	466	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	49	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10161	466	50	6393	6393	NUM
easat-10161	466	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	466	52	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10161	466	53	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	467	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246393	https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246393	PROPN
easat-10161	467	2	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-10161	468	1	https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470608555.ch1	https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470608555.ch1	PROPN
easat-10161	468	2	https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246393	https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246393	PROPN
easat-10161	468	3	1560	1560	NUM
easat-10161	468	4	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10161	468	5	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	468	6	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	468	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	468	8	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	468	9	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10161	468	10	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	468	11	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10161	468	12	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	468	13	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10161	468	14	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	468	15	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	469	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	469	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	469	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	469	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	469	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	469	6	:	:	SYM
easat-10161	469	7	1534	1534	NUM
easat-10161	469	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	469	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	469	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	469	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	469	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	469	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	469	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10161	469	15	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	469	16	8484.v9i9.10161	8484.v9i9.10161	ADJ
easat-10161	469	17	©	©	PROPN
easat-10161	469	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	469	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	469	20	the	the	DET
easat-10161	469	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10161	469	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10161	469	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10161	469	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	469	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10161	470	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	470	2	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	470	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	4	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	470	5	fikri	fikri	PROPN
easat-10161	470	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	7	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-10161	470	8	cheddadi	cheddadi	PROPN
easat-10161	470	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	10	o.	o.	PROPN
easat-10161	470	11	sabri	sabri	PROPN
easat-10161	470	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	13	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-10161	470	14	haidi	haidi	PROPN
easat-10161	470	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	16	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-10161	470	17	abdelaziz	abdelaziz	PROPN
easat-10161	470	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	470	20	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	470	21	majdoub	majdoub	ADV
easat-10161	470	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	23	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	24	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	470	25	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	470	26	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	470	27	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	470	28	numerical	numerical	ADJ
easat-10161	470	29	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	470	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	470	31	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	470	32	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	470	33	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	470	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	35	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	36	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	470	37	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	470	38	the	the	DET
easat-10161	470	39	2018	2018	NUM
easat-10161	470	40	renewable	renewable	ADJ
easat-10161	470	41	energies	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	470	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	43	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	470	44	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	470	45	&	&	CCONJ
easat-10161	470	46	green	green	PROPN
easat-10161	470	47	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
easat-10161	470	48	economy	economy	NOUN
easat-10161	470	49	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	50	reps	rep	NOUN
easat-10161	470	51	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	52	gie	gie	NOUN
easat-10161	470	53	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	54	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	470	55	2018	2018	NUM
easat-10161	470	56	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	471	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	471	2	4	4	X
easat-10161	471	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	471	4	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10161	471	5	bhowmik	bhowmik	PROPN
easat-10161	471	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	471	7	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	471	8	bose	bose	PROPN
easat-10161	471	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	471	10	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-10161	471	11	rajan	rajan	PROPN
easat-10161	471	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	471	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	471	14	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	471	15	deb	deb	PROPN
easat-10161	471	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	471	17	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	471	18	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	471	19	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	471	20	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	471	21	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	471	22	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	471	23	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	471	24	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	471	25	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	471	26	perturbation	perturbation	NOUN
easat-10161	471	27	method	method	NOUN
easat-10161	471	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	471	29	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	471	30	2011	2011	NUM
easat-10161	471	31	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	471	32	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	471	33	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-10161	471	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	471	35	automation	automation	NOUN
easat-10161	471	36	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-10161	471	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	471	38	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	471	39	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	472	1	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	472	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	472	3	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	472	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	473	1	380	380	NUM
easat-10161	473	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	473	3	384	384	NUM
easat-10161	473	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	473	5	2011	2011	NUM
easat-10161	473	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	474	1	https://doi.org/10.1109/peam.2011.6135117	https://doi.org/10.1109/peam.2011.6135117	PROPN
easat-10161	474	2	[	[	X
easat-10161	474	3	5	5	X
easat-10161	474	4	]	]	X
easat-10161	474	5	u.	u.	NOUN
easat-10161	474	6	buragohain	buragohain	PROPN
easat-10161	474	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	474	8	t.	t.	NOUN
easat-10161	474	9	boruah	boruah	NOUN
easat-10161	474	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	474	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	474	12	fuzzy	fuzzy	ADJ
easat-10161	474	13	logic	logic	NOUN
easat-10161	474	14	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	474	15	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	474	16	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	474	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	474	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	474	19	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	474	20	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	474	21	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	474	22	the	the	DET
easat-10161	474	23	2017	2017	NUM
easat-10161	474	24	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	474	25	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-10161	474	26	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	474	27	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-10161	474	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	474	29	methodology	methodology	NOUN
easat-10161	474	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	474	31	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	474	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	474	33	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10161	474	34	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	474	35	emerging	emerge	VERB
easat-10161	474	36	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	474	37	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	474	38	icammaet	icammaet	NOUN
easat-10161	474	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	474	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	474	41	2017	2017	NUM
easat-10161	474	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	475	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	475	2	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	475	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	475	4	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-10161	475	5	thashmitha	thashmitha	PROPN
easat-10161	475	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	475	7	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	475	8	v.	v.	PROPN
easat-10161	475	9	madhukar	madhukar	PROPN
easat-10161	475	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	475	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	475	12	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10161	475	13	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10161	475	14	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	475	15	optimal	optimal	ADJ
easat-10161	475	16	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	475	17	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	475	18	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	475	19	renewable	renewable	ADJ
easat-10161	475	20	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-10161	475	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	475	22	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	475	23	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	475	24	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	475	25	the	the	DET
easat-10161	475	26	2022	2022	NUM
easat-10161	475	27	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	475	28	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	475	29	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	475	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	475	31	renewable	renewable	ADJ
easat-10161	475	32	energy	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	475	33	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-10161	475	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	475	35	iprecon	iprecon	NOUN
easat-10161	475	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	475	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	475	38	2022	2022	NUM
easat-10161	475	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	476	2	7	7	X
easat-10161	476	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	476	4	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-10161	476	5	ejuh	ejuh	PROPN
easat-10161	476	6	che	che	PROPN
easat-10161	476	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	8	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	476	9	roland	roland	PROPN
easat-10161	476	10	abeng	abeng	PROPN
easat-10161	476	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	12	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-10161	476	13	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-10161	476	14	iweh	iweh	PROPN
easat-10161	476	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	16	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-10161	476	17	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-10161	476	18	tsekouras	tsekouras	PROPN
easat-10161	476	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	476	21	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10161	476	22	fopah	fopah	NOUN
easat-10161	476	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	24	lele	lele	NOUN
easat-10161	476	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	27	the	the	DET
easat-10161	476	28	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-10161	476	29	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	476	30	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-10161	476	31	variable	variable	ADJ
easat-10161	476	32	renewable	renewable	ADJ
easat-10161	476	33	energy	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	476	34	sources	source	NOUN
easat-10161	476	35	into	into	ADP
easat-10161	476	36	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	476	37	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	38	connected	connect	VERB
easat-10161	476	39	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	476	40	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	476	41	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	42	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-10161	476	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	44	mitigation	mitigation	NOUN
easat-10161	476	45	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-10161	476	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	47	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	476	48	prospects	prospect	NOUN
easat-10161	476	49	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	50	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	51	energies	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	476	52	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	53	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	476	54	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	476	55	18	18	NUM
easat-10161	476	56	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	57	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	476	58	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	476	59	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	476	60	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	61	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10161	476	62	689	689	NUM
easat-10161	476	63	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	476	64	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	476	65	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	477	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/en18030689	https://doi.org/10.3390/en18030689	X
easat-10161	478	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	478	2	8	8	NUM
easat-10161	478	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	478	4	o.	o.	PROPN
easat-10161	478	5	gül	gül	PROPN
easat-10161	478	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	478	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	478	8	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
easat-10161	478	9	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	478	10	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	478	11	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	478	12	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-10161	478	13	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	478	14	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	478	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	478	16	renewables	renewable	NOUN
easat-10161	478	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	478	18	crypto	crypto	NOUN
easat-10161	478	19	mining	mining	NOUN
easat-10161	478	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	478	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	478	22	electric	electric	ADJ
easat-10161	478	23	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN
easat-10161	478	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	478	25	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	478	26	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
easat-10161	478	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	478	28	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	478	29	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	478	30	17	17	NUM
easat-10161	478	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	478	32	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	478	33	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	478	34	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	478	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	478	36	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10161	478	37	2515	2515	NUM
easat-10161	478	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	478	39	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	478	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	479	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/su17062515	https://doi.org/10.3390/su17062515	NOUN
easat-10161	480	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	480	2	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	480	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	480	4	i.	i.	NOUN
easat-10161	480	5	adejumobi	adejumobi	PROPN
easat-10161	480	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	480	7	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-10161	480	8	adepoju	adepoju	PROPN
easat-10161	480	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	480	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	480	11	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	480	12	hamzat	hamzat	PROPN
easat-10161	480	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	480	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	480	15	iterative	iterative	NOUN
easat-10161	480	16	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	480	17	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	480	18	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	480	19	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	480	20	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	480	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	480	22	a	a	DET
easat-10161	480	23	comparative	comparative	ADJ
easat-10161	480	24	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	480	25	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	480	26	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	480	27	330kv	330kv	PROPN
easat-10161	480	28	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	480	29	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	480	30	as	as	ADP
easat-10161	480	31	a	a	DET
easat-10161	480	32	case	case	NOUN
easat-10161	480	33	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	480	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	480	35	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	480	36	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	480	37	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-10161	480	38	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	480	39	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-10161	480	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	480	41	advanced	advanced	ADJ
easat-10161	480	42	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	480	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	480	44	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	480	45	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	481	1	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	481	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	481	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	481	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	481	5	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	481	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	481	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	481	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	482	1	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	482	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	482	3	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	482	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	482	5	2013	2013	NUM
easat-10161	482	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	483	2	10	10	NUM
easat-10161	483	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	483	4	i.	i.	PROPN
easat-10161	483	5	adebayo	adebayo	PROPN
easat-10161	483	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	7	i.	i.	PROPN
easat-10161	483	8	adejumobi	adejumobi	PROPN
easat-10161	483	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	483	11	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-10161	483	12	adepoju	adepoju	PROPN
easat-10161	483	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	15	application	application	NOUN
easat-10161	483	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	483	17	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	483	18	tap	tap	NOUN
easat-10161	483	19	–	–	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	20	changing	change	VERB
easat-10161	483	21	transformer	transformer	NOUN
easat-10161	483	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	23	ltct	ltct	NOUN
easat-10161	483	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	25	to	to	ADP
easat-10161	483	26	the	the	DET
easat-10161	483	27	optimal	optimal	ADJ
easat-10161	483	28	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-10161	483	29	dispatch	dispatch	NOUN
easat-10161	483	30	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	483	31	generation	generation	NOUN
easat-10161	483	32	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	483	33	the	the	DET
easat-10161	483	34	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
easat-10161	483	35	330kv	330kv	PROPN
easat-10161	483	36	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	483	37	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	483	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	39	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	40	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	483	41	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-10161	483	42	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	483	43	emerging	emerge	VERB
easat-10161	483	44	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	483	45	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	483	46	sciences	science	NOUN
easat-10161	483	47	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	483	48	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-10161	483	49	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	50	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	483	51	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	483	52	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	483	53	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	54	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	483	55	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	483	56	3	3	NUM
easat-10161	483	57	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	483	58	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	483	59	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	484	1	40	40	NUM
easat-10161	484	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	484	3	50	50	NUM
easat-10161	484	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	484	5	2012	2012	NUM
easat-10161	484	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	485	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	485	2	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	485	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	485	4	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-10161	485	5	mukherjee	mukherjee	PROPN
easat-10161	485	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	485	7	application	application	NOUN
easat-10161	485	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	485	9	a	a	DET
easat-10161	485	10	new	new	ADJ
easat-10161	485	11	swarm	swarm	NOUN
easat-10161	485	12	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
easat-10161	485	13	metaheuristic	metaheuristic	ADJ
easat-10161	485	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	485	15	solving	solve	VERB
easat-10161	485	16	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	485	17	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	485	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	485	19	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-10161	485	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	486	1	singapore	singapore	NOUN
easat-10161	486	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	486	3	springer	springer	NOUN
easat-10161	486	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	486	5	2022	2022	NUM
easat-10161	486	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	487	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-9916-9_7	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-9916-9_7	VERB
easat-10161	488	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	488	2	12	12	NUM
easat-10161	488	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10161	488	5	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10161	488	6	nassef	nassef	PROPN
easat-10161	488	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	8	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	488	9	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-10161	488	10	abdelkareem	abdelkareem	PROPN
easat-10161	488	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	12	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-10161	488	13	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10161	488	14	maghrabie	maghrabie	PROPN
easat-10161	488	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	488	17	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10161	488	18	baroutaji	baroutaji	NOUN
easat-10161	488	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	20	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	21	review	review	NOUN
easat-10161	488	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	488	23	metaheuristic	metaheuristic	ADJ
easat-10161	488	24	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-10161	488	25	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-10161	488	26	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	488	27	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	488	28	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	488	29	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-10161	488	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	31	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	32	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
easat-10161	488	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	34	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	488	35	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	488	36	15	15	NUM
easat-10161	488	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	38	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	488	39	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	488	40	12	12	NUM
easat-10161	488	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	42	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10161	488	43	9434	9434	NUM
easat-10161	488	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	45	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10161	488	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	488	47	https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129434	https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129434	NOUN
easat-10161	489	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	489	2	13	13	NUM
easat-10161	489	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	489	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10161	489	5	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10161	489	6	shazly	shazly	PROPN
easat-10161	489	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	489	8	n.	n.	NOUN
easat-10161	489	9	anwer	anwer	NOUN
easat-10161	489	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	489	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	489	12	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	489	13	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10161	489	14	mahmoud	mahmoud	PROPN
easat-10161	489	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	489	16	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	489	17	solving	solve	VERB
easat-10161	489	18	optimal	optimal	ADJ
easat-10161	489	19	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	489	20	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	489	21	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-10161	489	22	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	489	23	ieee-30	ieee-30	PROPN
easat-10161	489	24	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	489	25	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	489	26	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	489	27	a	a	DET
easat-10161	489	28	developed	develop	VERB
easat-10161	489	29	particle	particle	NOUN
easat-10161	489	30	swarm	swarm	NOUN
easat-10161	489	31	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-10161	489	32	method	method	NOUN
easat-10161	489	33	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	489	34	towards	towards	ADP
easat-10161	489	35	fuel	fuel	NOUN
easat-10161	489	36	cost	cost	NOUN
easat-10161	489	37	minimization	minimization	NOUN
easat-10161	489	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	489	39	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	489	40	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	489	41	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-10161	489	42	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	489	43	modelling	modelling	NOUN
easat-10161	489	44	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	489	45	simulation	simulation	NOUN
easat-10161	489	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	489	47	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	489	48	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	489	49	45	45	NUM
easat-10161	489	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	489	51	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	489	52	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	489	53	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	489	54	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	489	55	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	489	56	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	490	1	307	307	NUM
easat-10161	490	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	490	3	320	320	NUM
easat-10161	490	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	490	5	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	490	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	491	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/02286203.2023.2201043	https://doi.org/10.1080/02286203.2023.2201043	PUNCT
easat-10161	492	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	492	2	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	492	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	492	4	u.	u.	PROPN
easat-10161	492	5	himakar	himakar	PROPN
easat-10161	492	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	492	7	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10161	492	8	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-10161	492	9	reddy	reddy	PROPN
easat-10161	492	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	492	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	492	12	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	492	13	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	492	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	492	15	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	492	16	real	real	ADJ
easat-10161	492	17	coded	code	VERB
easat-10161	492	18	genetic	genetic	ADJ
easat-10161	492	19	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
easat-10161	492	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	492	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	492	22	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	492	23	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-10161	492	24	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	492	25	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-10161	492	26	research	research	NOUN
easat-10161	492	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	492	28	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10161	492	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	492	30	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	492	31	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	492	32	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	492	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	492	34	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	492	35	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	492	36	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	492	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	492	38	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	492	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	493	1	522	522	NUM
easat-10161	493	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	493	3	527	527	NUM
easat-10161	493	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	493	5	2014	2014	NUM
easat-10161	493	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	494	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	494	2	15	15	NUM
easat-10161	494	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	494	4	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	494	5	dixit	dixit	PROPN
easat-10161	494	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	494	7	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-10161	494	8	srivastava	srivastava	PROPN
easat-10161	494	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	494	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	494	11	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-10161	494	12	agnihotri	agnihotri	PROPN
easat-10161	494	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	494	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	494	15	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	494	16	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	494	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	494	18	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	494	19	fuzzy	fuzzy	ADJ
easat-10161	494	20	logic	logic	NOUN
easat-10161	494	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	494	22	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	494	23	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	494	24	ieee	ieee	PROPN
easat-10161	494	25	power	power	PROPN
easat-10161	494	26	india	india	PROPN
easat-10161	494	27	conference	conference	PROPN
easat-10161	494	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	494	29	2006	2006	NUM
easat-10161	494	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	494	31	doi	doi	PROPN
easat-10161	494	32	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	494	33	https://doi.org/10.1109/poweri.2006.1632605	https://doi.org/10.1109/poweri.2006.1632605	PROPN
easat-10161	494	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	495	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	495	2	16	16	NUM
easat-10161	495	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	495	4	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-10161	495	5	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-10161	495	6	alsulami	alsulami	PROPN
easat-10161	495	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	495	8	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-10161	495	9	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	495	10	kumar	kumar	PROPN
easat-10161	495	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	495	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	495	13	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	495	14	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	495	15	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	495	16	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	495	17	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	495	18	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	495	19	solution	solution	NOUN
easat-10161	495	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	495	21	saudi	saudi	ADJ
easat-10161	495	22	national	national	ADJ
easat-10161	495	23	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	495	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	495	25	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	495	26	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	495	27	2017	2017	NUM
easat-10161	495	28	saudi	saudi	PROPN
easat-10161	495	29	arabia	arabia	PROPN
easat-10161	495	30	smart	smart	ADJ
easat-10161	495	31	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-10161	495	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	495	33	sasg	sasg	PROPN
easat-10161	495	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	495	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	495	36	2017	2017	NUM
easat-10161	495	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	495	38	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	495	39	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	495	40	https://doi.org/10.1109/sasg.2017.8356516	https://doi.org/10.1109/sasg.2017.8356516	PROPN
easat-10161	495	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	496	2	17	17	NUM
easat-10161	496	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	4	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-10161	496	5	xue	xue	PROPN
easat-10161	496	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	7	u.	u.	PROPN
easat-10161	496	8	karaagac	karaagac	PROPN
easat-10161	496	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	10	i.	i.	PROPN
easat-10161	496	11	kocar	kocar	PROPN
easat-10161	496	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	13	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10161	496	14	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-10161	496	15	vavdareh	vavdareh	PROPN
easat-10161	496	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	496	18	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10161	496	19	ghafouri	ghafouri	PROPN
easat-10161	496	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	22	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-10161	496	23	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	496	24	basics	basic	NOUN
easat-10161	496	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	496	26	potential	potential	ADJ
easat-10161	496	27	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10161	496	28	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	496	29	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	496	30	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	496	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	32	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	33	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	496	34	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	496	35	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-10161	496	36	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	496	37	electrical	electrical	ADJ
easat-10161	496	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	39	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-10161	496	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	496	41	computer	computer	NOUN
easat-10161	496	42	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-10161	496	43	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	44	icecce	icecce	NOUN
easat-10161	496	45	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	47	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10161	496	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	49	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	496	50	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	496	51	https://doi.org/10.1109/icecce61019.2023.10441935	https://doi.org/10.1109/icecce61019.2023.10441935	PROPN
easat-10161	496	52	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	497	2	18	18	NUM
easat-10161	497	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	4	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	497	5	n.	n.	PROPN
easat-10161	497	6	okhuegbe	okhuegbe	PROPN
easat-10161	497	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	8	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10161	497	9	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10161	497	10	ademola	ademola	PROPN
easat-10161	497	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	497	13	y.	y.	PROPN
easat-10161	497	14	liu	liu	PROPN
easat-10161	497	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	16	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	17	a	a	DET
easat-10161	497	18	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-10161	497	19	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10161	497	20	initializer	initializer	PROPN
easat-10161	497	21	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	497	22	newton	newton	PROPN
easat-10161	497	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	24	raphson	raphson	NOUN
easat-10161	497	25	ac	ac	PROPN
easat-10161	497	26	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	497	27	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	497	28	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10161	497	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	31	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	497	32	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10161	497	33	ieee	ieee	PROPN
easat-10161	497	34	texas	texas	PROPN
easat-10161	497	35	power	power	PROPN
easat-10161	497	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	497	37	energy	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	497	38	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-10161	497	39	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	40	tpec	tpec	NOUN
easat-10161	497	41	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	43	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10161	497	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	45	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10161	497	46	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	497	47	https://doi.org/10.1109/tpec60005.2024.10472261	https://doi.org/10.1109/tpec60005.2024.10472261	NOUN
easat-10161	497	48	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	498	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	498	2	19	19	NUM
easat-10161	498	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	498	4	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	498	5	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-10161	498	6	efe	efe	PROPN
easat-10161	498	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	498	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	498	9	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	498	10	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	498	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	498	12	by	by	ADP
easat-10161	498	13	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	498	14	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	498	15	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	498	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	498	17	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	498	18	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	498	19	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-10161	498	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	498	21	energy	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	498	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	498	23	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	498	24	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-10161	498	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	498	26	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	498	27	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	498	28	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	498	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	498	30	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	498	31	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	498	32	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	498	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	498	34	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10161	498	35	204	204	NUM
easat-10161	498	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	498	37	2013	2013	NUM
easat-10161	498	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	1	https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.20130206.11	https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.20130206.11	PROPN
easat-10161	499	2	[	[	X
easat-10161	499	3	20	20	NUM
easat-10161	499	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	5	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	499	6	tiwari	tiwari	PROPN
easat-10161	499	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	8	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	499	9	ansari	ansari	PROPN
easat-10161	499	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	11	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	499	12	kumar	kumar	PROPN
easat-10161	499	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	14	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	499	15	chaturvedi	chaturvedi	PROPN
easat-10161	499	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	17	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	499	18	singh	singh	PROPN
easat-10161	499	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	499	21	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	499	22	kumar	kumar	PROPN
easat-10161	499	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	24	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	25	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	499	26	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	499	27	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	499	28	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	499	29	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	499	30	14	14	NUM
easat-10161	499	31	bus	bus	NOUN
easat-10161	499	32	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	499	33	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	499	34	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	499	35	technique	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	499	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	37	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	38	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	499	39	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	499	40	the	the	DET
easat-10161	499	41	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	499	42	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-10161	499	43	on	on	ADP
easat-10161	499	44	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
easat-10161	499	45	energy	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	499	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	47	electronics	electronic	NOUN
easat-10161	499	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	49	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	499	50	computing	computing	NOUN
easat-10161	499	51	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	499	52	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	53	seems	seem	VERB
easat-10161	499	54	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	55	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	499	56	2018	2018	NUM
easat-10161	499	57	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	500	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	500	2	21	21	NUM
easat-10161	500	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	500	4	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-10161	500	5	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-10161	500	6	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-10161	500	7	calma	calma	PROPN
easat-10161	500	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	500	9	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10161	500	10	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-10161	500	11	pacis	pacis	PROPN
easat-10161	500	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	500	13	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	500	14	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	500	15	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	500	16	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	500	17	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	500	18	based	base	VERB
easat-10161	500	19	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	500	20	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	500	21	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	500	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	500	23	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	500	24	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-10161	500	25	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	500	26	with	with	ADP
easat-10161	500	27	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-10161	500	28	generation	generation	NOUN
easat-10161	500	29	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	500	30	phasor	phasor	PROPN
easat-10161	500	31	measurement	measurement	NOUN
easat-10161	500	32	unit	unit	NOUN
easat-10161	500	33	synthetic	synthetic	PROPN
easat-10161	500	34	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	500	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	500	36	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	500	37	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	500	38	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	500	39	the	the	DET
easat-10161	500	40	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10161	500	41	12th	12th	NOUN
easat-10161	500	42	control	control	NOUN
easat-10161	500	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	500	44	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	500	45	graduate	graduate	NOUN
easat-10161	500	46	research	research	NOUN
easat-10161	500	47	colloquium	colloquium	NOUN
easat-10161	500	48	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	500	49	icsgrc	icsgrc	NOUN
easat-10161	500	50	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	500	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	500	52	2021	2021	NUM
easat-10161	500	53	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	501	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	501	2	22	22	NUM
easat-10161	501	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	501	4	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	501	5	gnanambal	gnanambal	PROPN
easat-10161	501	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	501	7	n.	n.	PROPN
easat-10161	501	8	marimuthu	marimuthu	NOUN
easat-10161	501	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	501	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	501	11	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-10161	501	12	babulal	babulal	PROPN
easat-10161	501	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	501	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	501	15	three	three	NUM
easat-10161	501	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	501	17	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10161	501	18	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	501	19	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	501	20	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	501	21	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	501	22	sequence	sequence	NOUN
easat-10161	501	23	component	component	NOUN
easat-10161	501	24	frame	frame	NOUN
easat-10161	501	25	using	use	VERB
easat-10161	501	26	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10161	501	27	particle	particle	NOUN
easat-10161	501	28	swarm	swarm	NOUN
easat-10161	501	29	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-10161	501	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	501	31	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	501	32	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	501	33	soft	soft	ADJ
easat-10161	501	34	computing	computing	NOUN
easat-10161	501	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	501	36	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	501	37	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	502	1	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	502	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	502	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	502	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	502	5	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	502	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	502	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	502	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	503	1	1727	1727	NUM
easat-10161	503	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	503	3	1734	1734	NUM
easat-10161	503	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	503	5	2011	2011	NUM
easat-10161	503	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2010.05.015	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2010.05.015	NOUN
easat-10161	504	2	[	[	X
easat-10161	504	3	23	23	NUM
easat-10161	504	4	]	]	X
easat-10161	504	5	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-10161	504	6	davoodi	davoodi	PROPN
easat-10161	504	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	8	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	504	9	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-10161	504	10	hagh	hagh	PROPN
easat-10161	504	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	504	13	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	504	14	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-10161	504	15	zadeh	zadeh	PROPN
easat-10161	504	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	17	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	18	a	a	DET
easat-10161	504	19	hybrid	hybrid	NOUN
easat-10161	504	20	improved	improve	VERB
easat-10161	504	21	quantum	quantum	NOUN
easat-10161	504	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	23	behaved	behave	VERB
easat-10161	504	24	particle	particle	NOUN
easat-10161	504	25	swarm	swarm	NOUN
easat-10161	504	26	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-10161	504	27	–	–	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	28	simplex	simplex	NOUN
easat-10161	504	29	method	method	NOUN
easat-10161	504	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	31	iqpsos	iqpsos	NOUN
easat-10161	504	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	33	to	to	PART
easat-10161	504	34	solve	solve	VERB
easat-10161	504	35	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	504	36	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	504	37	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	504	38	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	504	39	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-10161	504	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	41	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	42	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10161	504	43	soft	soft	ADJ
easat-10161	504	44	computing	computing	NOUN
easat-10161	504	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	46	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	504	47	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	504	48	21	21	NUM
easat-10161	504	49	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	504	50	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	504	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	505	1	171	171	NUM
easat-10161	505	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	505	3	179	179	NUM
easat-10161	505	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	505	5	2014	2014	NUM
easat-10161	505	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	506	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	506	2	24	24	NUM
easat-10161	506	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	506	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10161	506	5	singh	singh	PROPN
easat-10161	506	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	506	7	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	506	8	dixit	dixit	PROPN
easat-10161	506	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	506	10	and	and	CCONJ
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easat-10161	506	12	srivastava	srivastava	PROPN
easat-10161	506	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	506	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	506	15	particle	particle	NOUN
easat-10161	506	16	swarm	swarm	NOUN
easat-10161	506	17	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-10161	506	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	506	19	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	506	20	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	506	21	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	506	22	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	506	23	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	506	24	system	system	NOUN
easat-10161	506	25	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	506	26	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	506	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	506	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	506	29	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	506	30	journal	journal	NOUN
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easat-10161	506	32	power	power	NOUN
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easat-10161	506	36	energy	energy	NOUN
easat-10161	506	37	management	management	NOUN
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easat-10161	506	39	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	506	40	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	506	41	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	506	42	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	506	45	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	506	46	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	506	48	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10161	507	2	-	-	SYM
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easat-10161	507	4	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	507	6	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10161	508	2	25	25	NUM
easat-10161	508	3	]	]	X
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easat-10161	508	24	flow	flow	NOUN
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easat-10161	508	36	.	.	PROPN
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easat-10161	508	38	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	508	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	508	43	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	508	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	509	1	800	800	NUM
easat-10161	509	2	-	-	NUM
easat-10161	509	3	812	812	NUM
easat-10161	509	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	509	5	2008	2008	NUM
easat-10161	509	6	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10161	511	18	-	-	SYM
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easat-10161	511	21	.	.	PROPN
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easat-10161	512	6	:	:	SYM
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easat-10161	512	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	512	9	1561	1561	NUM
easat-10161	512	10	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	512	15	-	-	NUM
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easat-10161	512	21	authors	author	NOUN
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easat-10161	512	25	gate	gate	NOUN
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easat-10161	513	2	26	26	NUM
easat-10161	513	3	]	]	X
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easat-10161	513	23	technique	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	513	24	toload	toload	NOUN
easat-10161	513	25	flow	flow	NOUN
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easat-10161	513	28	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-10161	513	36	.	.	PROPN
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easat-10161	514	5	8	8	NUM
easat-10161	514	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	514	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	514	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	515	1	94	94	NUM
easat-10161	515	2	-	-	SYM
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easat-10161	515	4	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	515	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	516	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	516	2	27	27	NUM
easat-10161	516	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-10161	516	8	möller	möller	NOUN
easat-10161	516	9	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	516	19	p.	p.	NOUN
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easat-10161	516	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	516	22	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-10161	516	24	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	516	25	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	516	26	for	for	ADP
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easat-10161	516	28	flow	flow	NOUN
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easat-10161	516	34	systems	system	NOUN
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easat-10161	516	43	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	516	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	517	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	517	2	28	28	NUM
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easat-10161	517	45	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-10161	517	47	conversion	conversion	NOUN
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easat-10161	517	50	:	:	PUNCT
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easat-10161	518	2	29	29	NUM
easat-10161	518	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-10161	520	1	61–68	61–68	NUM
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easat-10161	521	2	30	30	NUM
easat-10161	521	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-10161	521	34	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10161	521	35	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10161	522	2	31	31	NUM
easat-10161	522	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-10161	522	11	an	an	DET
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easat-10161	522	34	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	522	35	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	522	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	522	37	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	522	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	523	1	74908	74908	NUM
easat-10161	523	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	523	3	74938	74938	NUM
easat-10161	523	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	523	5	2021	2021	NUM
easat-10161	523	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	524	1	https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3079639	https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3079639	PROPN
easat-10161	524	2	[	[	X
easat-10161	524	3	32	32	NUM
easat-10161	524	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	524	5	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	525	1	o.	o.	PROPN
easat-10161	525	2	alawode	alawode	PROPN
easat-10161	525	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	525	4	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10161	525	5	o.	o.	PROPN
easat-10161	525	6	oyedeji	oyedeji	PROPN
easat-10161	525	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	525	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	525	9	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10161	525	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	525	11	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	525	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	525	13	models	model	NOUN
easat-10161	525	14	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	525	15	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	525	16	forecasting	forecasting	NOUN
easat-10161	525	17	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	525	18	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
easat-10161	525	19	power	power	NOUN
easat-10161	525	20	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	525	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	525	22	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	525	23	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	525	24	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-10161	525	25	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	525	26	engineering	engineering	PROPN
easat-10161	525	27	research	research	PROPN
easat-10161	525	28	&	&	CCONJ
easat-10161	525	29	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	525	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	525	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	525	32	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	526	1	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	526	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	526	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	526	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	526	5	5	5	NUM
easat-10161	526	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	526	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	526	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	527	1	218–222	218–222	NUM
easat-10161	527	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	527	3	2013	2013	NUM
easat-10161	527	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	528	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	528	2	33	33	NUM
easat-10161	528	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	528	4	z.	z.	PROPN
easat-10161	528	5	cömert	cömert	PROPN
easat-10161	528	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	528	7	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10161	528	8	kocamaz	kocamaz	PROPN
easat-10161	528	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	528	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	528	11	a	a	DET
easat-10161	528	12	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	528	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	528	14	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10161	528	15	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	528	16	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	528	17	training	training	NOUN
easat-10161	528	18	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-10161	528	19	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	528	20	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10161	528	21	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	528	22	cardiotocography	cardiotocography	NOUN
easat-10161	528	23	signals	signal	NOUN
easat-10161	528	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	528	25	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	528	26	bitlis	bitlis	PROPN
easat-10161	528	27	eren	eren	PROPN
easat-10161	528	28	university	university	PROPN
easat-10161	528	29	journal	journal	PROPN
easat-10161	528	30	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	528	31	science	science	NOUN
easat-10161	528	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	528	33	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10161	528	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	528	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	528	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	528	37	7	7	NUM
easat-10161	528	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	528	39	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	528	40	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	528	41	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	528	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	528	43	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	528	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	529	1	93	93	NUM
easat-10161	529	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	529	3	103	103	NUM
easat-10161	529	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	529	5	2017	2017	NUM
easat-10161	529	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	530	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	530	2	34	34	NUM
easat-10161	530	3	]	]	X
easat-10161	530	4	f.	f.	PROPN
easat-10161	530	5	aydin	aydin	PROPN
easat-10161	530	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	530	7	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-10161	530	8	gümüş	gümüş	PROPN
easat-10161	530	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	530	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	530	11	study	study	NOUN
easat-10161	530	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	530	13	different	different	ADJ
easat-10161	530	14	ann	ann	PROPN
easat-10161	530	15	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-10161	530	16	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	530	17	voltage	voltage	NOUN
easat-10161	530	18	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10161	530	19	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	530	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	530	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	530	22	presented	present	VERB
easat-10161	530	23	at	at	ADP
easat-10161	530	24	the	the	DET
easat-10161	530	25	2020	2020	NUM
easat-10161	530	26	innovations	innovation	NOUN
easat-10161	530	27	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	530	28	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
easat-10161	530	29	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10161	530	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	530	31	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10161	530	32	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-10161	530	33	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	530	34	asyu	asyu	NOUN
easat-10161	530	35	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	530	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	530	37	2020	2020	NUM
easat-10161	530	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	531	2	35	35	NUM
easat-10161	531	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	4	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-10161	531	5	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	531	6	tipu	tipu	PROPN
easat-10161	531	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	8	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-10161	531	9	bhakhar	bhakhar	PROPN
easat-10161	531	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	11	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	531	12	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	531	13	pandya	pandya	PROPN
easat-10161	531	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	531	16	v.	v.	PROPN
easat-10161	531	17	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-10161	531	18	panchal	panchal	PROPN
easat-10161	531	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	20	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	21	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	531	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	23	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	531	24	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	531	25	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	531	26	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	531	27	predicting	predict	VERB
easat-10161	531	28	sediment	sediment	NOUN
easat-10161	531	29	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-10161	531	30	in	in	ADP
easat-10161	531	31	pressurized	pressurize	VERB
easat-10161	531	32	pipe	pipe	NOUN
easat-10161	531	33	flows	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	531	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	35	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	36	environmental	environmental	ADJ
easat-10161	531	37	earth	earth	NOUN
easat-10161	531	38	sciences	sciences	PROPN
easat-10161	531	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	40	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	531	41	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	531	42	84	84	NUM
easat-10161	531	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	44	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	531	45	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	531	46	11	11	NUM
easat-10161	531	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	48	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10161	531	49	292	292	NUM
easat-10161	531	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	531	51	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	531	52	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	532	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-025-12295-0	https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-025-12295-0	NUM
easat-10161	533	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	533	2	36	36	NUM
easat-10161	533	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	4	z.	z.	PROPN
easat-10161	533	5	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	533	6	lawal	lawal	PROPN
easat-10161	533	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	8	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-10161	533	9	yassin	yassin	PROPN
easat-10161	533	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	11	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-10161	533	12	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-10161	533	13	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-10161	533	14	lai	lai	PROPN
easat-10161	533	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	533	17	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-10161	533	18	che	che	PROPN
easat-10161	533	19	idris	idris	PROPN
easat-10161	533	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	22	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	533	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	24	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	533	25	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	533	26	network	network	NOUN
easat-10161	533	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	28	pinn	pinn	PROPN
easat-10161	533	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	30	evolution	evolution	NOUN
easat-10161	533	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	533	32	beyond	beyond	ADP
easat-10161	533	33	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	34	a	a	DET
easat-10161	533	35	systematic	systematic	ADJ
easat-10161	533	36	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-10161	533	37	review	review	NOUN
easat-10161	533	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	533	39	bibliometric	bibliometric	ADJ
easat-10161	533	40	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10161	533	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	42	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	43	big	big	ADJ
easat-10161	533	44	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	533	45	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	533	46	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
easat-10161	533	47	computing	computing	NOUN
easat-10161	533	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	49	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	533	50	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	533	51	6	6	NUM
easat-10161	533	52	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	53	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	533	54	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	533	55	4	4	NUM
easat-10161	533	56	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	57	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10161	533	58	140	140	NUM
easat-10161	533	59	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	533	60	2022	2022	NUM
easat-10161	533	61	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6040140	https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6040140	PROPN
easat-10161	534	2	[	[	X
easat-10161	534	3	37	37	NUM
easat-10161	534	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	5	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	534	6	ghalambaz	ghalambaz	PROPN
easat-10161	534	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	8	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	534	9	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-10161	534	10	sheremet	sheremet	PROPN
easat-10161	534	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	12	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10161	534	13	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-10161	534	14	khan	khan	PROPN
easat-10161	534	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	16	z.	z.	PROPN
easat-10161	534	17	raizah	raizah	PROPN
easat-10161	534	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	534	20	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-10161	534	21	shafi	shafi	PROPN
easat-10161	534	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	23	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	24	physics	physics	NOUN
easat-10161	534	25	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	26	informed	inform	VERB
easat-10161	534	27	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	534	28	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	534	29	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	30	p	p	NOUN
easat-10161	534	31	inns	inn	NOUN
easat-10161	534	32	):	):	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	33	application	application	NOUN
easat-10161	534	34	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10161	534	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	36	trends	trend	NOUN
easat-10161	534	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	534	38	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-10161	534	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	40	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	41	international	international	ADJ
easat-10161	534	42	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-10161	534	43	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	534	44	numerical	numerical	ADJ
easat-10161	534	45	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	534	46	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	534	47	heat	heat	NOUN
easat-10161	534	48	&	&	CCONJ
easat-10161	534	49	fluid	fluid	ADJ
easat-10161	534	50	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10161	534	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	534	52	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	534	53	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	535	1	34	34	NUM
easat-10161	535	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	535	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	535	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	535	5	8	8	NUM
easat-10161	535	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	535	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10161	535	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	536	1	3131	3131	NUM
easat-10161	536	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	536	3	3165	3165	NUM
easat-10161	536	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	536	5	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10161	536	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	537	1	https://doi.org/10.1108/hff-09-2023-0568	https://doi.org/10.1108/hff-09-2023-0568	NOUN
easat-10161	538	1	[	[	X
easat-10161	538	2	38	38	NUM
easat-10161	538	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	538	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10161	538	5	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-10161	538	6	vrahatis	vrahatis	PROPN
easat-10161	538	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	538	8	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	538	9	lazaros	lazaros	PROPN
easat-10161	538	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	538	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	538	12	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	538	13	kotsiantis	kotsiantis	PROPN
easat-10161	538	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	538	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	538	16	graph	graph	VERB
easat-10161	538	17	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-10161	538	18	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	538	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	538	20	a	a	DET
easat-10161	538	21	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-10161	538	22	review	review	NOUN
easat-10161	538	23	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	538	24	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10161	538	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	538	26	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10161	538	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	538	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	538	29	future	future	ADJ
easat-10161	538	30	internet	internet	NOUN
easat-10161	538	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	538	32	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	538	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	539	1	16	16	NUM
easat-10161	539	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	539	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	539	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	539	5	9	9	NUM
easat-10161	539	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	539	7	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10161	539	8	318	318	NUM
easat-10161	539	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	539	10	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10161	539	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16090318	https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16090318	ADP
easat-10161	540	2	[	[	X
easat-10161	540	3	39	39	NUM
easat-10161	540	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	5	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-10161	540	6	khemani	khemani	PROPN
easat-10161	540	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	8	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	540	9	patil	patil	PROPN
easat-10161	540	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	11	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10161	540	12	kotecha	kotecha	PROPN
easat-10161	540	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	540	15	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-10161	540	16	tanwar	tanwar	PROPN
easat-10161	540	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	18	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	19	a	a	DET
easat-10161	540	20	review	review	NOUN
easat-10161	540	21	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	540	22	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-10161	540	23	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10161	540	24	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10161	540	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	26	concepts	concept	NOUN
easat-10161	540	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	28	architectures	architecture	NOUN
easat-10161	540	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	30	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10161	540	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	32	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-10161	540	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	34	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10161	540	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	36	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10161	540	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	540	39	future	future	ADJ
easat-10161	540	40	directions	direction	NOUN
easat-10161	540	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	42	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	43	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-10161	540	44	of	of	ADP
easat-10161	540	45	big	big	ADJ
easat-10161	540	46	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10161	540	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	540	48	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10161	540	49	.	.	PROPN
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easat-10161	541	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	541	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10161	541	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	541	5	1	1	NUM
easat-10161	541	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	541	7	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10161	541	8	18	18	NUM
easat-10161	541	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	541	10	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10161	541	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	542	1	https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-023-00876-4	https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-023-00876-4	NOUN
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easat-10161	543	2	40	40	NUM
easat-10161	543	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-10161	543	8	.	.	PROPN
easat-10161	543	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	543	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	543	11	recent	recent	ADJ
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easat-10161	543	13	progress	progress	NOUN
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easat-10161	543	17	networks	network	NOUN
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easat-10161	543	22	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-10161	544	2	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	544	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	544	10	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10161	544	11	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10161	545	20	and	and	CCONJ
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easat-10161	546	2	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	546	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	546	10	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10161	546	11	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10161	548	10	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-10161	548	18	)	)	PUNCT
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easat-10161	548	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10161	549	1	103906	103906	NUM
easat-10161	549	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10161	549	3	103931	103931	NUM
easat-10161	549	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	549	5	2022	2022	NUM
easat-10161	549	6	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10161	551	7	t.	t.	PROPN
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easat-10161	551	16	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-10161	551	31	for	for	ADP
easat-10161	551	32	singular	singular	ADJ
easat-10161	551	33	and	and	CCONJ
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easat-10161	551	37	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	551	45	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	551	47	.	.	NOUN
easat-10161	551	48	2	2	NUM
easat-10161	551	49	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	551	52	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10161	551	54	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10161	553	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-10161	553	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	553	10	k.	k.	PROPN
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easat-10161	553	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	553	13	z.	z.	PROPN
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easat-10161	553	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	553	16	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-10161	553	17	ye	ye	PROPN
easat-10161	553	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	553	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10161	553	20	j.	j.	PROPN
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easat-10161	553	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10161	553	23	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10161	553	24	a	a	DET
easat-10161	553	25	short	short	ADJ
easat-10161	553	26	-	-	PUNCT
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easat-10161	553	28	electricity	electricity	NOUN
easat-10161	553	29	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10161	553	30	load	load	NOUN
easat-10161	553	31	forecasting	forecasting	NOUN
easat-10161	553	32	method	method	NOUN
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easat-10161	553	34	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-10161	553	35	mode	mode	NOUN
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