id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
easat-10682	1	1	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	1	2	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	1	3	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	1	5	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	1	6	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	1	8	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	1	9	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	1	10	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	1	12	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	2	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	2	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	2	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	2	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	2	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	2	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	2	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	2	10	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	2	11	publisher	publisher	NOUN
easat-10682	2	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	2	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	2	14	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	2	15	doi	doi	PROPN
easat-10682	2	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	2	17	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	2	18	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	2	19	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	3	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	3	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	3	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	3	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	3	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	3	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	3	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	3	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	3	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	3	10	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	3	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	3	12	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	3	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	3	14	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	3	15	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	3	16	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	3	17	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	3	18	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	3	19	history	history	NOUN
easat-10682	3	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	3	21	received	receive	VERB
easat-10682	3	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	3	23	21	21	NUM
easat-10682	3	24	august	august	PROPN
easat-10682	3	25	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	3	26	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	3	27	revised	revise	VERB
easat-10682	3	28	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	3	29	3	3	NUM
easat-10682	3	30	october	october	NOUN
easat-10682	3	31	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	3	32	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	3	33	accepted	accept	VERB
easat-10682	3	34	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	3	35	7	7	NUM
easat-10682	3	36	october	october	NOUN
easat-10682	3	37	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	3	38	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	3	39	published	publish	VERB
easat-10682	3	40	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	4	1	24	24	NUM
easat-10682	4	2	october	october	PROPN
easat-10682	4	3	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	4	4	*	*	PUNCT
easat-10682	4	5	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
easat-10682	4	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	5	1	dajianwannew@gmail.com	dajianwannew@gmail.com	X
easat-10682	5	2	hybrid	hybrid	PROPN
easat-10682	5	3	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	5	4	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	5	5	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	5	6	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	5	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	5	8	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	PROPN
easat-10682	5	9	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	5	10	advanced	advanced	ADJ
easat-10682	5	11	multiclass	multiclass	ADJ
easat-10682	5	12	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	5	13	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	5	14	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	5	15	dajian	dajian	ADJ
easat-10682	5	16	wan1	wan1	NOUN
easat-10682	5	17	*	*	ADP
easat-10682	5	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	5	19	mideth	mideth	ADJ
easat-10682	5	20	abisado2	abisado2	PROPN
easat-10682	5	21	1,2college	1,2college	NUM
easat-10682	5	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	5	23	computing	computing	NOUN
easat-10682	5	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	5	25	information	information	NOUN
easat-10682	5	26	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	5	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	5	28	national	national	ADJ
easat-10682	5	29	university	university	PROPN
easat-10682	5	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	5	31	manila	manila	PROPN
easat-10682	5	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	5	33	philippines	philippine	NOUN
easat-10682	5	34	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	5	35	dajianwannew@gmail.com	dajianwannew@gmail.com	PROPN
easat-10682	5	36	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	5	37	d.w	d.w	PROPN
easat-10682	5	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	5	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	5	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	6	1	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-10682	6	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	6	3	printed	print	VERB
easat-10682	6	4	circuit	circuit	PROPN
easat-10682	6	5	board	board	PROPN
easat-10682	6	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	6	7	pcb	pcb	PROPN
easat-10682	6	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	6	9	plays	play	VERB
easat-10682	6	10	an	an	DET
easat-10682	6	11	important	important	ADJ
easat-10682	6	12	role	role	NOUN
easat-10682	6	13	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	6	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	6	15	world	world	NOUN
easat-10682	6	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	6	17	electronics	electronic	NOUN
easat-10682	6	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	7	1	regarding	regard	VERB
easat-10682	7	2	pcbs	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	7	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	7	4	manufacturing	manufacture	VERB
easat-10682	7	5	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	7	6	not	not	PART
easat-10682	7	7	only	only	ADV
easat-10682	7	8	worsen	worsen	VERB
easat-10682	7	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	7	10	product	product	NOUN
easat-10682	7	11	qualification	qualification	NOUN
easat-10682	7	12	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	7	13	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10682	7	14	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	7	15	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	7	16	lead	lead	VERB
easat-10682	7	17	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	7	18	catastrophic	catastrophic	ADJ
easat-10682	7	19	failure	failure	NOUN
easat-10682	7	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	7	21	the	the	DET
easat-10682	7	22	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-10682	7	23	devices	device	NOUN
easat-10682	7	24	themselves	themselves	PRON
easat-10682	7	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	8	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	8	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	8	3	introduces	introduce	VERB
easat-10682	8	4	a	a	DET
easat-10682	8	5	new	new	ADJ
easat-10682	8	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	8	7	to	to	PART
easat-10682	8	8	accurately	accurately	ADV
easat-10682	8	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	8	10	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
easat-10682	8	11	detect	detect	VERB
easat-10682	8	12	different	different	ADJ
easat-10682	8	13	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	8	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	8	15	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	8	16	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	8	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	8	18	including	include	VERB
easat-10682	8	19	spur	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	8	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	8	21	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	8	22	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	8	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	8	24	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	8	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	8	26	mouse	mouse	NOUN
easat-10682	8	27	bite	bite	NOUN
easat-10682	8	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	8	29	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	8	30	hole	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	8	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	8	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	8	33	spurious	spurious	ADJ
easat-10682	8	34	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	8	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	9	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	9	2	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-10682	9	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	9	4	presents	present	NOUN
easat-10682	9	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	9	6	then	then	ADV
easat-10682	9	7	overcomes	overcome	VERB
easat-10682	9	8	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-10682	9	9	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	9	10	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-10682	9	11	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	9	12	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	9	13	using	use	VERB
easat-10682	9	14	a	a	DET
easat-10682	9	15	dense	dense	ADJ
easat-10682	9	16	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	9	17	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	9	18	a	a	DET
easat-10682	9	19	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	9	20	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	9	21	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	9	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	9	23	advanced	advanced	ADJ
easat-10682	9	24	digital	digital	ADJ
easat-10682	9	25	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	9	26	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-10682	9	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	9	28	augmentation	augmentation	NOUN
easat-10682	9	29	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10682	9	30	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	9	31	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	9	32	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-10682	9	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	9	34	scaling	scaling	NOUN
easat-10682	9	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	9	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	9	37	rotation	rotation	NOUN
easat-10682	9	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	10	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	10	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	10	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	10	4	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	10	5	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	10	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	10	7	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	PROPN
easat-10682	10	8	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-10682	10	9	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	10	10	proposing	propose	VERB
easat-10682	10	11	a	a	DET
easat-10682	10	12	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	10	13	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	10	14	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	10	15	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	10	16	scheme	scheme	NOUN
easat-10682	10	17	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	10	18	combines	combine	VERB
easat-10682	10	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	10	20	strength	strength	NOUN
easat-10682	10	21	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	10	22	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	10	23	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	10	24	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	10	25	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	10	26	the	the	DET
easat-10682	10	27	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
easat-10682	10	28	reorganization	reorganization	NOUN
easat-10682	10	29	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	10	30	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	10	31	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	10	32	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10682	10	33	connected	connected	ADJ
easat-10682	10	34	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	10	35	to	to	PART
easat-10682	10	36	enable	enable	VERB
easat-10682	10	37	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10682	10	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	10	39	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-10682	10	40	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	10	41	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	10	42	common	common	ADJ
easat-10682	10	43	printed	print	VERB
easat-10682	10	44	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	10	45	board	board	NOUN
easat-10682	10	46	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	10	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	11	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	11	2	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	11	3	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	11	4	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	11	5	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	11	6	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	11	7	responsible	responsible	ADJ
easat-10682	11	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	11	9	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	11	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	11	11	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10682	11	12	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	11	13	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	11	14	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	11	15	performed	perform	VERB
easat-10682	11	16	through	through	ADP
easat-10682	11	17	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	PROPN
easat-10682	11	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	12	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	12	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	12	3	certify	certify	VERB
easat-10682	12	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	12	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	12	6	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-10682	12	7	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	12	8	achieves	achieve	VERB
easat-10682	12	9	an	an	DET
easat-10682	12	10	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	12	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	12	12	96	96	NUM
easat-10682	12	13	%	%	NOUN
easat-10682	12	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	13	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-10682	13	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	13	3	roc	roc	PROPN
easat-10682	13	4	curves	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	13	5	provide	provide	VERB
easat-10682	13	6	an	an	DET
easat-10682	13	7	auc	auc	ADJ
easat-10682	13	8	measure	measure	NOUN
easat-10682	13	9	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10682	13	10	than	than	ADP
easat-10682	13	11	0.99	0.99	NUM
easat-10682	13	12	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	13	13	all	all	DET
easat-10682	13	14	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	13	15	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	13	16	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	13	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	14	1	comparative	comparative	ADJ
easat-10682	14	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	14	3	show	show	VERB
easat-10682	14	4	a	a	DET
easat-10682	14	5	substantial	substantial	ADJ
easat-10682	14	6	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-10682	14	7	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	14	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	14	9	over	over	ADP
easat-10682	14	10	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-10682	14	11	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	14	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	15	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
easat-10682	15	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	15	3	defect	defect	VERB
easat-10682	15	4	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	15	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	15	6	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	15	7	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	15	8	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	15	9	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	15	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	15	11	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	PROPN
easat-10682	15	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	15	13	printed	print	VERB
easat-10682	15	14	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	15	15	board	board	NOUN
easat-10682	15	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	15	17	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	15	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	15	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	16	1	1	1	X
easat-10682	16	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	16	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-10682	16	4	nowadays	nowadays	ADV
easat-10682	16	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	16	6	printed	print	VERB
easat-10682	16	7	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	16	8	boards	board	NOUN
easat-10682	16	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	16	10	pcbs	pcbs	PROPN
easat-10682	16	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	16	12	play	play	VERB
easat-10682	16	13	an	an	DET
easat-10682	16	14	important	important	ADJ
easat-10682	16	15	role	role	NOUN
easat-10682	16	16	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	16	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	16	18	world	world	NOUN
easat-10682	16	19	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	16	20	electronics	electronic	NOUN
easat-10682	16	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	17	1	pcbs	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	17	2	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	17	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	17	4	platforms	platform	NOUN
easat-10682	17	5	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	17	6	to	to	PART
easat-10682	17	7	interconnect	interconnect	VERB
easat-10682	17	8	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-10682	17	9	components	component	NOUN
easat-10682	17	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	17	11	conduct	conduct	VERB
easat-10682	17	12	signals	signal	NOUN
easat-10682	17	13	among	among	ADP
easat-10682	17	14	them	they	PRON
easat-10682	17	15	[	[	X
easat-10682	17	16	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	17	17	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	17	18	3	3	NUM
easat-10682	17	19	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	17	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	18	1	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-10682	18	2	hardware	hardware	NOUN
easat-10682	18	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	18	4	equipment	equipment	NOUN
easat-10682	18	5	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	18	6	advancing	advance	VERB
easat-10682	18	7	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	18	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	18	9	fields	field	NOUN
easat-10682	18	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	18	11	increasing	increase	VERB
easat-10682	18	12	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-10682	18	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	18	14	miniaturization	miniaturization	NOUN
easat-10682	18	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	18	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	18	17	density	density	NOUN
easat-10682	18	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	19	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-10682	19	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	19	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	19	4	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
easat-10682	19	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	19	6	pcbs	pcbs	PROPN
easat-10682	19	7	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	19	8	becoming	become	VERB
easat-10682	19	9	more	more	ADV
easat-10682	19	10	strict	strict	ADJ
easat-10682	19	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	19	12	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
easat-10682	19	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	20	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	20	2	the	the	DET
easat-10682	20	3	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	20	4	production	production	NOUN
easat-10682	20	5	industry	industry	NOUN
easat-10682	20	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	20	7	there	there	PRON
easat-10682	20	8	are	be	VERB
easat-10682	20	9	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-10682	20	10	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	20	11	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	20	12	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-10682	20	13	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	20	14	equipment	equipment	NOUN
easat-10682	20	15	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10682	20	16	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	20	17	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-10682	20	18	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	20	19	production	production	NOUN
easat-10682	20	20	processes	process	NOUN
easat-10682	20	21	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	20	22	result	result	VERB
easat-10682	20	23	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	20	24	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	20	25	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	20	26	pcbs	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	20	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	21	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	21	2	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	21	3	include	include	VERB
easat-10682	21	4	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	21	5	holes	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	21	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	21	7	mouse	mouse	NOUN
easat-10682	21	8	bites	bite	NOUN
easat-10682	21	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	21	10	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	21	11	circuits	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	21	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	21	13	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	21	14	circuits	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	21	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	21	16	spurs	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	21	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	21	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	21	19	spurious	spurious	ADJ
easat-10682	21	20	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	21	21	[	[	X
easat-10682	21	22	4	4	NUM
easat-10682	21	23	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	21	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	22	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	22	2	following	follow	VERB
easat-10682	22	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	22	4	a	a	DET
easat-10682	22	5	description	description	NOUN
easat-10682	22	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	22	7	several	several	ADJ
easat-10682	22	8	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	22	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	23	1	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	23	2	hole	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	23	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	23	4	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	23	5	occurs	occur	VERB
easat-10682	23	6	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10682	23	7	one	one	NUM
easat-10682	23	8	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	23	9	more	more	ADJ
easat-10682	23	10	drilled	drill	VERB
easat-10682	23	11	holes	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	23	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	23	13	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	23	14	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	23	15	vias	via	NOUN
easat-10682	23	16	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	23	17	component	component	NOUN
easat-10682	23	18	mounting	mount	VERB
easat-10682	23	19	holes	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	23	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	23	21	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	23	22	absent	absent	ADJ
easat-10682	23	23	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	23	24	not	not	PART
easat-10682	23	25	properly	properly	ADV
easat-10682	23	26	drilled	drill	VERB
easat-10682	23	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	24	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	24	2	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	24	3	prevent	prevent	VERB
easat-10682	24	4	electrical	electrical	ADJ
easat-10682	24	5	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-10682	24	6	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	24	7	component	component	NOUN
easat-10682	24	8	insertion	insertion	NOUN
easat-10682	24	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	24	10	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	24	11	often	often	ADV
easat-10682	24	12	due	due	ADJ
easat-10682	24	13	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	24	14	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10682	24	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	24	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	24	17	drilling	drilling	NOUN
easat-10682	24	18	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	24	19	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	24	20	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	24	21	drill	drill	NOUN
easat-10682	24	22	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	24	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	25	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	25	2	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	25	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	25	4	a	a	NOUN
easat-10682	25	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	25	6	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	25	7	this	this	DET
easat-10682	25	8	type	type	NOUN
easat-10682	25	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	25	10	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	25	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	26	1	mouse	mouse	NOUN
easat-10682	26	2	bite	bite	NOUN
easat-10682	26	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	26	4	mouse	mouse	NOUN
easat-10682	26	5	bites	bite	NOUN
easat-10682	26	6	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	26	7	small	small	ADJ
easat-10682	26	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	26	9	jagged	jagged	ADJ
easat-10682	26	10	edges	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	26	11	left	leave	VERB
easat-10682	26	12	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	26	13	a	a	DET
easat-10682	26	14	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	26	15	after	after	SCONJ
easat-10682	26	16	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	26	17	has	have	AUX
easat-10682	26	18	been	be	AUX
easat-10682	26	19	separated	separate	VERB
easat-10682	26	20	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	26	21	a	a	DET
easat-10682	26	22	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-10682	26	23	using	use	VERB
easat-10682	26	24	perforated	perforate	VERB
easat-10682	26	25	breakaway	breakaway	NOUN
easat-10682	26	26	tabs	tab	NOUN
easat-10682	26	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	27	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	27	2	rough	rough	ADJ
easat-10682	27	3	edges	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	27	4	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	27	5	affect	affect	VERB
easat-10682	27	6	board	board	NOUN
easat-10682	27	7	fitting	fitting	ADJ
easat-10682	27	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	27	9	may	may	AUX
easat-10682	27	10	require	require	VERB
easat-10682	27	11	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-10682	27	12	cleaning	cleaning	NOUN
easat-10682	27	13	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	27	14	filing	filing	NOUN
easat-10682	27	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	28	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	28	2	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	28	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	28	4	b	b	NOUN
easat-10682	28	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	28	6	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	28	7	this	this	DET
easat-10682	28	8	type	type	NOUN
easat-10682	28	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	28	10	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	28	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	29	1	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	29	2	circuit	circuit	PROPN
easat-10682	29	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	29	4	an	an	DET
easat-10682	29	5	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	29	6	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	29	7	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	29	8	a	a	DET
easat-10682	29	9	break	break	NOUN
easat-10682	29	10	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	29	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	29	12	intended	intend	VERB
easat-10682	29	13	electrical	electrical	ADJ
easat-10682	29	14	path	path	NOUN
easat-10682	29	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	29	16	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	29	17	interrupts	interrupt	VERB
easat-10682	29	18	current	current	ADJ
easat-10682	29	19	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-10682	29	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	30	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	30	2	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	30	3	result	result	VERB
easat-10682	30	4	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	30	5	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
easat-10682	30	6	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	30	7	traces	trace	NOUN
easat-10682	30	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	30	9	broken	broken	ADJ
easat-10682	30	10	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-10682	30	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	30	12	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	30	13	poor	poor	ADJ
easat-10682	30	14	solder	solder	NOUN
easat-10682	30	15	joints	joint	NOUN
easat-10682	30	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	31	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	31	2	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	31	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	31	4	c	c	NOUN
easat-10682	31	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	31	6	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	31	7	this	this	DET
easat-10682	31	8	type	type	NOUN
easat-10682	31	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	31	10	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	31	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	32	1	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	32	2	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	32	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	32	4	a	a	DET
easat-10682	32	5	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	32	6	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	32	7	occurs	occur	VERB
easat-10682	32	8	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10682	32	9	two	two	NUM
easat-10682	32	10	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	32	11	more	more	ADV
easat-10682	32	12	conductive	conductive	ADJ
easat-10682	32	13	paths	path	NOUN
easat-10682	32	14	unintentionally	unintentionally	ADV
easat-10682	32	15	connect	connect	VERB
easat-10682	32	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	32	17	often	often	ADV
easat-10682	32	18	due	due	ADJ
easat-10682	32	19	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	32	20	solder	solder	NOUN
easat-10682	32	21	bridging	bridging	NOUN
easat-10682	32	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	32	23	excess	excess	ADJ
easat-10682	32	24	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	32	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	32	26	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	32	27	design	design	NOUN
easat-10682	32	28	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10682	32	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	33	1	shorts	short	NOUN
easat-10682	33	2	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	33	3	cause	cause	VERB
easat-10682	33	4	malfunction	malfunction	NOUN
easat-10682	33	5	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	33	6	permanent	permanent	ADJ
easat-10682	33	7	damage	damage	NOUN
easat-10682	33	8	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	33	9	components	component	NOUN
easat-10682	33	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	34	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	34	2	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	34	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	34	4	d	d	NOUN
easat-10682	34	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	34	6	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	34	7	this	this	DET
easat-10682	34	8	type	type	NOUN
easat-10682	34	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	34	10	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	34	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	35	1	spur	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	35	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	35	3	spurs	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	35	4	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	35	5	small	small	ADJ
easat-10682	35	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	35	7	narrow	narrow	ADJ
easat-10682	35	8	protrusions	protrusion	NOUN
easat-10682	35	9	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4215-7260	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4215-7260	PRON
easat-10682	35	10	1488	1488	NUM
easat-10682	35	11	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	35	12	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	35	13	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	35	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	35	15	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	35	16	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	35	17	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	35	18	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	35	19	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	35	20	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	35	21	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	35	22	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	36	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	36	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	36	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	36	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	36	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	36	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	36	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	36	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	36	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	36	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	36	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	36	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	36	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	36	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	36	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	36	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	37	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	37	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	37	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	37	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	37	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	37	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	37	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	37	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	37	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	37	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	37	11	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	37	12	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	37	13	extend	extend	VERB
easat-10682	37	14	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	37	15	a	a	DET
easat-10682	37	16	trace	trace	NOUN
easat-10682	37	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	37	18	pad	pad	NOUN
easat-10682	37	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	38	1	they	they	PRON
easat-10682	38	2	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	38	3	often	often	ADV
easat-10682	38	4	caused	cause	VERB
easat-10682	38	5	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	38	6	over	over	ADV
easat-10682	38	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	38	8	etching	etch	VERB
easat-10682	38	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	38	10	design	design	NOUN
easat-10682	38	11	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10682	38	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	38	13	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	38	14	lead	lead	VERB
easat-10682	38	15	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	38	16	unintended	unintended	ADJ
easat-10682	38	17	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-10682	38	18	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	38	19	signal	signal	NOUN
easat-10682	38	20	noise	noise	NOUN
easat-10682	38	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	39	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	39	2	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	39	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	39	4	e	e	NOUN
easat-10682	39	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	39	6	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	39	7	this	this	DET
easat-10682	39	8	type	type	NOUN
easat-10682	39	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	39	10	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	39	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	40	1	spurious	spurious	ADJ
easat-10682	40	2	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	40	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	40	4	spurious	spurious	ADJ
easat-10682	40	5	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	40	6	refers	refer	VERB
easat-10682	40	7	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	40	8	unwanted	unwanted	ADJ
easat-10682	40	9	pieces	piece	NOUN
easat-10682	40	10	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	40	11	fragments	fragment	NOUN
easat-10682	40	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	40	13	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	40	14	left	leave	VERB
easat-10682	40	15	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	40	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	40	17	board	board	NOUN
easat-10682	40	18	after	after	ADP
easat-10682	40	19	etching	etch	VERB
easat-10682	40	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	41	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	41	2	slivers	sliver	NOUN
easat-10682	41	3	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	41	4	become	become	VERB
easat-10682	41	5	loose	loose	ADJ
easat-10682	41	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	41	7	causing	cause	VERB
easat-10682	41	8	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	41	9	circuits	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	41	10	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	41	11	interference	interference	VERB
easat-10682	41	12	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	41	13	signal	signal	ADJ
easat-10682	41	14	integrity	integrity	NOUN
easat-10682	41	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	42	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	42	2	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	42	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	42	4	f	f	X
easat-10682	42	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	42	6	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	42	7	this	this	DET
easat-10682	42	8	type	type	NOUN
easat-10682	42	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	42	10	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	42	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	43	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	43	2	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
easat-10682	43	3	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	43	4	not	not	PART
easat-10682	43	5	only	only	ADV
easat-10682	43	6	worsen	worsen	VERB
easat-10682	43	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	43	8	product	product	NOUN
easat-10682	43	9	qualification	qualification	NOUN
easat-10682	43	10	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	43	11	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10682	43	12	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	43	13	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	43	14	lead	lead	VERB
easat-10682	43	15	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	43	16	catastrophic	catastrophic	ADJ
easat-10682	43	17	failure	failure	NOUN
easat-10682	43	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	43	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	43	20	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-10682	43	21	devices	device	NOUN
easat-10682	43	22	themselves	themselves	PRON
easat-10682	44	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	44	2	5	5	NUM
easat-10682	44	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	44	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	45	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	45	2	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-10682	45	3	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	45	4	more	more	ADJ
easat-10682	45	5	than	than	ADP
easat-10682	45	6	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-10682	45	7	since	since	SCONJ
easat-10682	45	8	defective	defective	ADJ
easat-10682	45	9	pcbs	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	45	10	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	45	11	lead	lead	VERB
easat-10682	45	12	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	45	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-10682	45	14	failure	failure	NOUN
easat-10682	45	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	45	16	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	45	17	severe	severe	ADJ
easat-10682	45	18	safety	safety	NOUN
easat-10682	45	19	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-10682	45	20	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	45	21	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-10682	45	22	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10682	45	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	46	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	46	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-10682	46	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	46	4	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	46	5	aerospace	aerospace	NOUN
easat-10682	46	6	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	46	7	medical	medical	ADJ
easat-10682	46	8	equipment	equipment	NOUN
easat-10682	46	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	46	10	even	even	ADV
easat-10682	46	11	minimal	minimal	ADJ
easat-10682	46	12	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	46	13	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	46	14	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	46	15	escalate	escalate	VERB
easat-10682	46	16	into	into	ADP
easat-10682	46	17	serious	serious	ADJ
easat-10682	46	18	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-10682	46	19	failures	failure	NOUN
easat-10682	46	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	47	1	due	due	ADP
easat-10682	47	2	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	47	3	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	47	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	47	5	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	47	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	47	7	diagnosis	diagnosis	NOUN
easat-10682	47	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	47	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	47	10	mitigation	mitigation	NOUN
easat-10682	47	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	47	12	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	47	13	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	47	14	have	have	AUX
easat-10682	47	15	been	be	AUX
easat-10682	47	16	active	active	ADJ
easat-10682	47	17	research	research	NOUN
easat-10682	47	18	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-10682	47	19	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	47	20	have	have	AUX
easat-10682	47	21	led	lead	VERB
easat-10682	47	22	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	47	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	47	24	development	development	NOUN
easat-10682	47	25	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	47	26	advanced	advanced	ADJ
easat-10682	47	27	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-10682	47	28	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	47	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	47	30	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
easat-10682	47	31	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	47	32	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-10682	47	33	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10682	47	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	48	1	most	most	ADJ
easat-10682	48	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-10682	48	3	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	48	4	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	48	5	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	48	6	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10682	48	7	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	48	8	carried	carry	VERB
easat-10682	48	9	out	out	ADP
easat-10682	48	10	through	through	ADP
easat-10682	48	11	manual	manual	ADJ
easat-10682	48	12	visual	visual	ADJ
easat-10682	48	13	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-10682	48	14	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	48	15	rule	rule	NOUN
easat-10682	48	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	48	17	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	48	18	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	48	19	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-10682	48	20	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-10682	48	21	[	[	X
easat-10682	48	22	6	6	NUM
easat-10682	48	23	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	48	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	49	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	49	2	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	49	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	50	1	common	common	ADJ
easat-10682	50	2	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	50	3	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	50	4	pcbs	pcbs	PROPN
easat-10682	50	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	51	1	manual	manual	ADJ
easat-10682	51	2	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-10682	51	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	51	4	a	a	DET
easat-10682	51	5	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10682	51	6	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-10682	51	7	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10682	51	8	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	51	9	only	only	ADV
easat-10682	51	10	correct	correct	ADJ
easat-10682	51	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	51	12	reliable	reliable	ADJ
easat-10682	51	13	if	if	SCONJ
easat-10682	51	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	51	15	inspector	inspector	NOUN
easat-10682	51	16	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	51	17	adequate	adequate	ADJ
easat-10682	51	18	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-10682	51	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	51	20	expertise	expertise	NOUN
easat-10682	51	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	52	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-10682	52	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	52	3	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10682	52	4	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	52	5	designs	design	NOUN
easat-10682	52	6	become	become	VERB
easat-10682	52	7	more	more	ADV
easat-10682	52	8	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	52	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	52	10	manual	manual	ADJ
easat-10682	52	11	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-10682	52	12	becomes	become	VERB
easat-10682	52	13	much	much	ADV
easat-10682	52	14	less	less	ADV
easat-10682	52	15	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-10682	52	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	52	17	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	52	18	not	not	PART
easat-10682	52	19	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10682	52	20	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	52	21	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-10682	52	22	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	52	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	52	24	density	density	NOUN
easat-10682	52	25	designs	design	NOUN
easat-10682	52	26	[	[	X
easat-10682	52	27	7	7	NUM
easat-10682	52	28	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	52	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	53	1	like	like	ADP
easat-10682	53	2	rule	rule	NOUN
easat-10682	53	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	53	4	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	53	5	1489	1489	NUM
easat-10682	53	6	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	53	7	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	53	8	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	53	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	53	10	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	53	11	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	53	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	53	13	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	53	14	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	53	15	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	53	16	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	53	17	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	53	18	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	53	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	53	20	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	53	21	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	53	22	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	53	23	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	53	24	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	53	25	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	53	26	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	53	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	53	28	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	53	29	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	53	30	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	53	31	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	53	32	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	53	33	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	54	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	54	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	54	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	54	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	54	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	54	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	54	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	54	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	54	9	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-10682	54	10	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	54	11	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-10682	54	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	54	13	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	54	14	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	54	15	systematic	systematic	ADJ
easat-10682	54	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	54	17	they	they	PRON
easat-10682	54	18	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	54	19	not	not	PART
easat-10682	54	20	good	good	ADJ
easat-10682	54	21	at	at	ADP
easat-10682	54	22	capturing	capture	VERB
easat-10682	54	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	54	24	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-10682	54	25	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	54	26	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	54	27	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	54	28	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	54	29	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	54	30	faint	faint	ADJ
easat-10682	54	31	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	54	32	irregular	irregular	ADJ
easat-10682	54	33	anomalies	anomaly	NOUN
easat-10682	54	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	54	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	54	36	they	they	PRON
easat-10682	54	37	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	54	38	prone	prone	ADJ
easat-10682	54	39	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	54	40	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10682	54	41	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	54	42	the	the	DET
easat-10682	54	43	presence	presence	NOUN
easat-10682	54	44	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	54	45	background	background	NOUN
easat-10682	54	46	interference	interference	NOUN
easat-10682	54	47	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	54	48	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	54	49	complicated	complicated	ADJ
easat-10682	54	50	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	54	51	noisy	noisy	ADJ
easat-10682	54	52	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	55	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	55	2	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-10682	55	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	55	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	55	5	necessity	necessity	NOUN
easat-10682	55	6	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	55	7	more	more	ADV
easat-10682	55	8	advanced	advanced	ADJ
easat-10682	55	9	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10682	55	10	to	to	PART
easat-10682	55	11	overcome	overcome	VERB
easat-10682	55	12	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	55	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-10682	55	14	[	[	X
easat-10682	55	15	8	8	NUM
easat-10682	55	16	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	55	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	56	1	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	56	2	a	a	DET
easat-10682	56	3	result	result	NOUN
easat-10682	56	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	56	5	there	there	PRON
easat-10682	56	6	has	have	AUX
easat-10682	56	7	been	be	AUX
easat-10682	56	8	a	a	DET
easat-10682	56	9	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-10682	56	10	interest	interest	NOUN
easat-10682	56	11	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	56	12	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10682	56	13	academic	academic	ADJ
easat-10682	56	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	56	15	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	56	16	communities	community	NOUN
easat-10682	56	17	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	56	18	the	the	DET
easat-10682	56	19	development	development	NOUN
easat-10682	56	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	56	21	smart	smart	ADJ
easat-10682	56	22	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	56	23	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10682	56	24	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	56	25	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	56	26	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	56	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	56	28	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-10682	56	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	56	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	56	31	adaptable	adaptable	ADJ
easat-10682	56	32	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	56	33	various	various	ADJ
easat-10682	56	34	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	56	35	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	56	36	[	[	X
easat-10682	56	37	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	56	38	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	56	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	57	1	recently	recently	ADV
easat-10682	57	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	57	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	57	4	progress	progress	NOUN
easat-10682	57	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	57	6	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-10682	57	7	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
easat-10682	57	8	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	57	9	has	have	AUX
easat-10682	57	10	been	be	AUX
easat-10682	57	11	swift	swift	ADJ
easat-10682	57	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	57	13	has	have	AUX
easat-10682	57	14	brought	bring	VERB
easat-10682	57	15	many	many	ADJ
easat-10682	57	16	innovations	innovation	NOUN
easat-10682	57	17	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	57	18	various	various	ADJ
easat-10682	57	19	domains	domain	NOUN
easat-10682	57	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	57	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	57	22	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	57	23	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-10682	57	24	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	57	25	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	57	26	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	57	27	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	57	28	has	have	AUX
easat-10682	57	29	become	become	VERB
easat-10682	57	30	a	a	DET
easat-10682	57	31	hot	hot	ADJ
easat-10682	57	32	research	research	NOUN
easat-10682	57	33	topic	topic	NOUN
easat-10682	57	34	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	57	35	printed	print	VERB
easat-10682	57	36	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	57	37	board	board	NOUN
easat-10682	57	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	57	39	pcb	pcb	PROPN
easat-10682	57	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	57	41	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	57	42	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	57	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	58	1	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	58	2	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	58	3	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10682	58	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	58	5	cnns	cnns	PROPN
easat-10682	58	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	58	7	have	have	AUX
easat-10682	58	8	been	be	AUX
easat-10682	58	9	proven	prove	VERB
easat-10682	58	10	to	to	PART
easat-10682	58	11	have	have	VERB
easat-10682	58	12	excellent	excellent	ADJ
easat-10682	58	13	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	58	14	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	58	15	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	58	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	58	17	that	that	ADV
easat-10682	58	18	is	is	ADV
easat-10682	58	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	58	20	to	to	PART
easat-10682	58	21	extract	extract	VERB
easat-10682	58	22	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-10682	58	23	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	58	24	level	level	ADJ
easat-10682	58	25	semantic	semantic	ADJ
easat-10682	58	26	information	information	NOUN
easat-10682	58	27	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	58	28	raw	raw	ADJ
easat-10682	58	29	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	58	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	58	31	making	make	VERB
easat-10682	58	32	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	58	33	possible	possible	ADJ
easat-10682	58	34	to	to	PART
easat-10682	58	35	precisely	precisely	ADV
easat-10682	58	36	classify	classify	VERB
easat-10682	58	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	58	38	localize	localize	VERB
easat-10682	58	39	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	58	40	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	58	41	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	58	42	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	58	43	complicated	complicated	ADJ
easat-10682	58	44	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	58	45	abundant	abundant	ADJ
easat-10682	58	46	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	58	47	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	58	48	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	58	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	59	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10682	59	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	59	3	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10682	59	4	these	these	DET
easat-10682	59	5	advanced	advanced	ADJ
easat-10682	59	6	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	59	7	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	59	8	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-10682	59	9	into	into	ADP
easat-10682	59	10	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	59	11	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	59	12	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	59	13	workflows	workflow	NOUN
easat-10682	59	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	59	15	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	59	16	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	59	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	59	18	speed	speed	NOUN
easat-10682	59	19	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	59	20	further	far	ADV
easat-10682	59	21	improved	improve	VERB
easat-10682	59	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	59	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	59	24	new	new	ADJ
easat-10682	59	25	innovative	innovative	ADJ
easat-10682	59	26	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10682	59	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	59	28	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10682	59	29	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	59	30	generated	generate	VERB
easat-10682	59	31	to	to	PART
easat-10682	59	32	address	address	VERB
easat-10682	59	33	longstanding	longstanding	ADJ
easat-10682	59	34	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-10682	59	35	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	59	36	the	the	DET
easat-10682	59	37	field	field	NOUN
easat-10682	60	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	60	2	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	60	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	60	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	61	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	61	2	adoption	adoption	NOUN
easat-10682	61	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	61	4	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	61	5	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	61	6	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10682	61	7	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	61	8	how	how	SCONJ
easat-10682	61	9	they	they	PRON
easat-10682	61	10	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	61	11	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	61	12	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	61	13	to	to	PART
easat-10682	61	14	automate	automate	VERB
easat-10682	61	15	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-10682	61	16	control	control	NOUN
easat-10682	61	17	processes	process	NOUN
easat-10682	61	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	61	19	increase	increase	VERB
easat-10682	61	20	the	the	DET
easat-10682	61	21	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-10682	61	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	61	23	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	61	24	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
easat-10682	61	25	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10682	61	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	62	1	due	due	ADP
easat-10682	62	2	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	62	3	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	62	4	excellent	excellent	ADJ
easat-10682	62	5	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	62	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	62	7	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	62	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	62	9	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	62	10	has	have	AUX
easat-10682	62	11	been	be	AUX
easat-10682	62	12	widely	widely	ADV
easat-10682	62	13	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	62	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	62	15	computer	computer	NOUN
easat-10682	62	16	vision	vision	NOUN
easat-10682	62	17	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-10682	62	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	62	19	including	include	VERB
easat-10682	62	20	target	target	NOUN
easat-10682	62	21	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	62	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	62	23	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	62	24	segmentation	segmentation	NOUN
easat-10682	62	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	62	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	62	27	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	62	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	63	1	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	63	2	one	one	NUM
easat-10682	63	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	63	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	63	5	core	core	NOUN
easat-10682	63	6	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	63	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	63	8	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	63	9	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	63	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	63	11	a	a	DET
easat-10682	63	12	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	63	13	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	63	14	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	63	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	63	16	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	63	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	63	18	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	63	19	gradually	gradually	ADV
easat-10682	63	20	extract	extract	VERB
easat-10682	63	21	information	information	NOUN
easat-10682	63	22	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	63	23	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	63	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	63	25	level	level	NOUN
easat-10682	63	26	textures	texture	NOUN
easat-10682	63	27	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	63	28	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	63	29	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	63	30	level	level	NOUN
easat-10682	63	31	semantics	semantic	NOUN
easat-10682	63	32	through	through	ADP
easat-10682	63	33	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	63	34	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
easat-10682	63	35	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-10682	63	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	63	37	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	63	38	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	63	39	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10682	63	40	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	63	41	processing	process	VERB
easat-10682	63	42	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	63	43	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	63	44	resolution	resolution	NOUN
easat-10682	63	45	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	63	46	defect	defect	VERB
easat-10682	63	47	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	63	48	[	[	X
easat-10682	63	49	11	11	NUM
easat-10682	63	50	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	63	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	64	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	64	2	the	the	DET
easat-10682	64	3	field	field	NOUN
easat-10682	64	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	64	5	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	64	6	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	64	7	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	64	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	64	9	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	64	10	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	64	11	three	three	NUM
easat-10682	64	12	advantages	advantage	NOUN
easat-10682	64	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	64	14	automatic	automatic	ADJ
easat-10682	64	15	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	64	16	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	64	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	64	18	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	64	19	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10682	64	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	64	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	64	22	end	end	NOUN
easat-10682	64	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	64	24	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	64	25	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	64	26	end	end	NOUN
easat-10682	64	27	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	64	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	65	1	1.1	1.1	NUM
easat-10682	65	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	66	1	automatic	automatic	ADJ
easat-10682	66	2	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	66	3	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	66	4	inspired	inspire	VERB
easat-10682	66	5	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	66	6	this	this	DET
easat-10682	66	7	success	success	NOUN
easat-10682	66	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	66	9	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	66	10	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	66	11	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10682	66	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	66	13	cnns	cnns	PROPN
easat-10682	66	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	66	15	have	have	AUX
easat-10682	66	16	proven	prove	VERB
easat-10682	66	17	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	66	18	auto	auto	NOUN
easat-10682	66	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	66	20	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	66	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	66	22	discover	discover	VERB
easat-10682	66	23	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-10682	66	24	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	66	25	directly	directly	ADV
easat-10682	66	26	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	66	27	raw	raw	ADJ
easat-10682	66	28	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	66	29	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	66	30	a	a	DET
easat-10682	66	31	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	66	32	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	66	33	without	without	ADP
easat-10682	66	34	an	an	DET
easat-10682	66	35	automated	automate	VERB
easat-10682	66	36	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	66	37	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	66	38	rule	rule	NOUN
easat-10682	66	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	67	1	typical	typical	ADJ
easat-10682	67	2	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10682	67	3	may	may	AUX
easat-10682	67	4	require	require	VERB
easat-10682	67	5	a	a	DET
easat-10682	67	6	lot	lot	NOUN
easat-10682	67	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	67	8	domain	domain	NOUN
easat-10682	67	9	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-10682	67	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	67	11	heavily	heavily	ADV
easat-10682	67	12	depend	depend	VERB
easat-10682	67	13	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	67	14	handcrafted	handcrafted	ADJ
easat-10682	67	15	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	67	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	67	17	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	67	18	may	may	AUX
easat-10682	67	19	not	not	PART
easat-10682	67	20	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	67	21	able	able	ADJ
easat-10682	67	22	to	to	PART
easat-10682	67	23	completely	completely	ADV
easat-10682	67	24	acquire	acquire	VERB
easat-10682	67	25	the	the	DET
easat-10682	67	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	67	27	full	full	ADJ
easat-10682	67	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	67	29	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-10682	67	30	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	67	31	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	67	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	68	1	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	68	2	the	the	DET
easat-10682	68	3	other	other	ADJ
easat-10682	68	4	hand	hand	NOUN
easat-10682	68	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	68	6	cnns	cnn	NOUN
easat-10682	68	7	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	68	8	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
easat-10682	68	9	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-10682	68	10	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	68	11	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	68	12	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10682	68	13	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	68	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	68	15	particular	particular	ADJ
easat-10682	68	16	task	task	NOUN
easat-10682	68	17	at	at	ADP
easat-10682	68	18	hand	hand	NOUN
easat-10682	68	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	68	20	ranging	range	VERB
easat-10682	68	21	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	68	22	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	68	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	68	24	level	level	NOUN
easat-10682	68	25	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	68	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	68	27	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	68	28	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	68	29	edges	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	68	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	68	31	textures	texture	NOUN
easat-10682	68	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	68	33	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	68	34	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	68	35	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	68	36	level	level	NOUN
easat-10682	68	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	68	38	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	68	39	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	68	40	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-10682	68	41	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	68	42	[	[	X
easat-10682	68	43	12	12	NUM
easat-10682	68	44	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	68	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	69	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	69	2	does	do	AUX
easat-10682	69	3	not	not	PART
easat-10682	69	4	rely	rely	VERB
easat-10682	69	5	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	69	6	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-10682	69	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	69	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	69	9	domains	domain	NOUN
easat-10682	69	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	69	11	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-10682	69	12	improves	improve	VERB
easat-10682	69	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	69	14	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10682	69	15	'	'	PART
easat-10682	69	16	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	69	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	69	18	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	69	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	69	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	69	21	scalability	scalability	NOUN
easat-10682	69	22	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	69	23	working	work	VERB
easat-10682	69	24	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	69	25	real	real	ADJ
easat-10682	69	26	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	69	27	world	world	NOUN
easat-10682	69	28	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-10682	69	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	70	1	1.2	1.2	NUM
easat-10682	70	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	70	3	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	70	4	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10682	70	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	70	6	fact	fact	NOUN
easat-10682	70	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	70	8	cnns	cnn	NOUN
easat-10682	70	9	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	70	10	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	70	11	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	70	12	large	large	ADJ
easat-10682	70	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	70	14	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-10682	70	15	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	70	16	makes	make	VERB
easat-10682	70	17	them	they	PRON
easat-10682	70	18	extremely	extremely	ADV
easat-10682	70	19	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	70	20	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	70	21	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	70	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	70	23	environmental	environmental	ADJ
easat-10682	70	24	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10682	70	25	variations	variation	NOUN
easat-10682	70	26	[	[	X
easat-10682	70	27	13	13	NUM
easat-10682	70	28	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	70	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	71	1	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	71	2	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	71	3	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	71	4	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	71	5	cases	case	NOUN
easat-10682	71	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	71	7	these	these	DET
easat-10682	71	8	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10682	71	9	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	71	10	generalize	generalize	VERB
easat-10682	71	11	independently	independently	ADV
easat-10682	71	12	across	across	ADP
easat-10682	71	13	a	a	DET
easat-10682	71	14	broad	broad	ADJ
easat-10682	71	15	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
easat-10682	71	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	71	17	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	71	18	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	71	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	72	1	cnns	cnns	PROPN
easat-10682	72	2	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	72	3	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-10682	72	4	handle	handle	VERB
easat-10682	72	5	noise	noise	NOUN
easat-10682	72	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	72	7	cluttered	cluttered	ADJ
easat-10682	72	8	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	72	9	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	72	10	backgrounds	background	NOUN
easat-10682	72	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	72	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	72	13	subtle	subtle	ADJ
easat-10682	72	14	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	72	15	variations	variation	NOUN
easat-10682	72	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	72	17	resulting	result	VERB
easat-10682	72	18	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	72	19	reliable	reliable	ADJ
easat-10682	72	20	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	72	21	even	even	ADV
easat-10682	72	22	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	72	23	unfavorable	unfavorable	ADJ
easat-10682	72	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	72	25	unpredictable	unpredictable	ADJ
easat-10682	72	26	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-10682	72	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	73	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
easat-10682	73	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	73	3	this	this	DET
easat-10682	73	4	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10682	73	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	73	6	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-10682	73	7	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	73	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	73	9	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	73	10	application	application	NOUN
easat-10682	73	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	73	12	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	73	13	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	73	14	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	73	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	73	16	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10682	73	17	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	73	18	vary	vary	VERB
easat-10682	73	19	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	73	20	form	form	NOUN
easat-10682	73	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	73	22	under	under	ADP
easat-10682	73	23	various	various	ADJ
easat-10682	73	24	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10682	73	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	73	26	creating	create	VERB
easat-10682	73	27	a	a	DET
easat-10682	73	28	need	need	NOUN
easat-10682	73	29	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	73	30	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	73	31	yet	yet	ADV
easat-10682	73	32	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10682	73	33	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	73	34	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	73	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	74	1	1.3	1.3	NUM
easat-10682	74	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	74	3	end	end	NOUN
easat-10682	74	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	74	5	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	74	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	74	7	end	end	NOUN
easat-10682	74	8	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	74	9	one	one	NUM
easat-10682	74	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	74	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	74	12	key	key	ADJ
easat-10682	74	13	advantages	advantage	NOUN
easat-10682	74	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	74	15	cnns	cnns	PROPN
easat-10682	74	16	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	74	17	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	74	18	they	they	PRON
easat-10682	74	19	allow	allow	VERB
easat-10682	74	20	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	74	21	end	end	NOUN
easat-10682	74	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	74	23	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	74	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	74	25	end	end	NOUN
easat-10682	74	26	trainable	trainable	ADJ
easat-10682	74	27	architectures	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	74	28	[	[	X
easat-10682	74	29	14	14	NUM
easat-10682	74	30	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	74	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	75	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	75	2	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10682	75	3	map	map	VERB
easat-10682	75	4	input	input	NOUN
easat-10682	75	5	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	75	6	directly	directly	ADV
easat-10682	75	7	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	75	8	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	75	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	75	10	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	75	11	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-10682	75	12	without	without	ADP
easat-10682	75	13	requiring	require	VERB
easat-10682	75	14	explicit	explicit	ADJ
easat-10682	75	15	lengthy	lengthy	ADJ
easat-10682	75	16	preprocessing	preprocessing	NOUN
easat-10682	75	17	steps	step	NOUN
easat-10682	75	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	75	19	human	human	ADJ
easat-10682	75	20	involvement	involvement	NOUN
easat-10682	75	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	76	1	such	such	DET
easat-10682	76	2	a	a	DET
easat-10682	76	3	simplified	simplified	ADJ
easat-10682	76	4	workflow	workflow	NOUN
easat-10682	76	5	streamlines	streamline	NOUN
easat-10682	76	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	76	7	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	76	8	pipeline	pipeline	NOUN
easat-10682	76	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	76	10	reduces	reduce	VERB
easat-10682	76	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	76	12	development	development	NOUN
easat-10682	76	13	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-10682	76	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	76	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	76	16	accelerates	accelerate	VERB
easat-10682	76	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	76	18	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	76	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	77	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-10682	77	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	77	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	77	4	end	end	NOUN
easat-10682	77	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	77	6	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	77	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	77	8	end	end	NOUN
easat-10682	77	9	nature	nature	NOUN
easat-10682	77	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	77	11	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	77	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	77	13	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	77	14	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10682	77	15	enhances	enhance	VERB
easat-10682	77	16	scalability	scalability	NOUN
easat-10682	77	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	77	18	making	make	VERB
easat-10682	77	19	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	77	20	effortless	effortless	ADJ
easat-10682	77	21	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	77	22	the	the	DET
easat-10682	77	23	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	77	24	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	77	25	1490	1490	NUM
easat-10682	77	26	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	77	27	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	77	28	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	77	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	77	30	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	77	31	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	77	32	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	77	33	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	77	34	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	77	35	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	77	36	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	77	37	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	78	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	78	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	78	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	78	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	78	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	78	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	78	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	78	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	78	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	78	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	78	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	78	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	78	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	78	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	78	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	78	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	79	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	79	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	79	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	79	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	79	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	79	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	79	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	79	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	79	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	79	10	generalize	generalize	VERB
easat-10682	79	11	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	79	12	new	new	ADJ
easat-10682	79	13	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-10682	79	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	79	15	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	79	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	80	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	80	2	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
easat-10682	80	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	80	4	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-10682	80	5	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	80	6	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
easat-10682	80	7	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	80	8	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-10682	80	9	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10682	80	10	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	80	11	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	80	12	may	may	AUX
easat-10682	80	13	evolve	evolve	VERB
easat-10682	80	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	80	15	requiring	require	VERB
easat-10682	80	16	adaptable	adaptable	ADJ
easat-10682	80	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	80	18	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-10682	80	19	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10682	80	20	[	[	X
easat-10682	80	21	15	15	NUM
easat-10682	80	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	80	23	16	16	NUM
easat-10682	80	24	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	80	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	81	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10682	81	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	81	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	81	4	successful	successful	ADJ
easat-10682	81	5	functioning	functioning	NOUN
easat-10682	81	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	81	7	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	81	8	generally	generally	ADV
easat-10682	81	9	relies	rely	VERB
easat-10682	81	10	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	81	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	81	12	support	support	NOUN
easat-10682	81	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	81	14	large	large	ADJ
easat-10682	81	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	81	16	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-10682	81	17	annotated	annotate	VERB
easat-10682	81	18	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	81	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	82	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	82	2	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	82	3	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	82	4	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	82	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	82	6	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	82	7	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	82	8	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	82	9	small	small	ADJ
easat-10682	82	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	82	11	imbalanced	imbalanced	ADJ
easat-10682	82	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	82	13	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	82	14	discourages	discourage	VERB
easat-10682	82	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	82	16	application	application	NOUN
easat-10682	82	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	82	18	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	82	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	82	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	82	21	ample	ample	ADJ
easat-10682	82	22	calculations	calculation	NOUN
easat-10682	82	23	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	82	24	excessively	excessively	ADV
easat-10682	82	25	resource	resource	NOUN
easat-10682	82	26	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	82	27	consuming	consume	VERB
easat-10682	82	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	83	1	to	to	PART
easat-10682	83	2	solve	solve	VERB
easat-10682	83	3	this	this	DET
easat-10682	83	4	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-10682	83	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	83	6	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	83	7	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	83	8	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	83	9	emerged	emerge	VERB
easat-10682	83	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	84	1	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	84	2	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	84	3	exploits	exploit	VERB
easat-10682	84	4	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	84	5	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-10682	84	6	-	-	VERB
easat-10682	84	7	trained	train	VERB
easat-10682	84	8	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	84	9	large	large	ADJ
easat-10682	84	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	84	11	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-10682	84	12	general	general	ADJ
easat-10682	84	13	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	84	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	84	15	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-10682	84	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	84	17	imagenet	imagenet	NOUN
easat-10682	84	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	84	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	84	20	applies	apply	VERB
easat-10682	84	21	them	they	PRON
easat-10682	84	22	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	84	23	targeted	target	VERB
easat-10682	84	24	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-10682	84	25	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	84	26	fine	fine	ADJ
easat-10682	84	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	84	28	tuning	tune	VERB
easat-10682	84	29	parameters	parameter	NOUN
easat-10682	84	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	85	1	lightweight	lightweight	ADJ
easat-10682	85	2	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10682	85	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	85	4	represented	represent	VERB
easat-10682	85	5	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	85	6	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	PROPN
easat-10682	85	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	85	8	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	85	9	highly	highly	ADV
easat-10682	85	10	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10682	85	11	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	85	12	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	85	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	85	14	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10682	85	15	[	[	X
easat-10682	85	16	17	17	NUM
easat-10682	85	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	85	18	18	18	NUM
easat-10682	85	19	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	85	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	86	1	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	86	2	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10682	86	3	cost	cost	NOUN
easat-10682	86	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	86	5	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	86	6	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	86	7	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	86	8	capabilities	capability	NOUN
easat-10682	86	9	enable	enable	VERB
easat-10682	86	10	them	they	PRON
easat-10682	86	11	to	to	PART
easat-10682	86	12	remain	remain	VERB
easat-10682	86	13	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-10682	86	14	even	even	ADV
easat-10682	86	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	86	16	small	small	ADJ
easat-10682	86	17	dataset	dataset	ADJ
easat-10682	86	18	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10682	86	19	[	[	X
easat-10682	86	20	19	19	NUM
easat-10682	86	21	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	86	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	87	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	87	2	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-10682	87	3	minimizes	minimize	VERB
easat-10682	87	4	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	87	5	time	time	NOUN
easat-10682	87	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	87	7	effort	effort	NOUN
easat-10682	87	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	87	9	democratizes	democratize	VERB
easat-10682	87	10	access	access	NOUN
easat-10682	87	11	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	87	12	cutting	cut	VERB
easat-10682	87	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	87	14	edge	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	87	15	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-10682	87	16	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	87	17	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10682	87	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	87	19	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-10682	87	20	researchers	researcher	NOUN
easat-10682	87	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	87	22	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
easat-10682	87	23	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	87	24	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-10682	87	25	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10682	87	26	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-10682	87	27	to	to	PART
easat-10682	87	28	train	train	VERB
easat-10682	87	29	high	high	ADV
easat-10682	87	30	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	87	31	performing	perform	VERB
easat-10682	87	32	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	87	33	[	[	X
easat-10682	87	34	20	20	NUM
easat-10682	87	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	87	36	21	21	NUM
easat-10682	87	37	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	87	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	88	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	88	2	conservation	conservation	NOUN
easat-10682	88	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	88	4	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-10682	88	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	88	6	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-10682	88	7	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-10682	88	8	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	88	9	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	88	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	88	11	academic	academic	ADJ
easat-10682	88	12	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-10682	88	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	88	14	where	where	SCONJ
easat-10682	88	15	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	88	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	88	17	affordability	affordability	NOUN
easat-10682	88	18	take	take	VERB
easat-10682	88	19	top	top	ADJ
easat-10682	88	20	priority	priority	NOUN
easat-10682	88	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	89	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	89	2	reduced	reduced	ADJ
easat-10682	89	3	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	89	4	time	time	NOUN
easat-10682	89	5	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
easat-10682	89	6	increased	increase	VERB
easat-10682	89	7	iterative	iterative	NOUN
easat-10682	89	8	experimentation	experimentation	NOUN
easat-10682	89	9	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	89	10	research	research	NOUN
easat-10682	89	11	settings	setting	NOUN
easat-10682	89	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	89	13	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	89	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	89	15	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-10682	89	16	to	to	PART
easat-10682	89	17	experiment	experiment	VERB
easat-10682	89	18	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	89	19	various	various	ADJ
easat-10682	89	20	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	89	21	architectures	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	89	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	89	23	hyperparameter	hyperparameter	NOUN
easat-10682	89	24	tuning	tune	VERB
easat-10682	89	25	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	89	26	far	far	ADV
easat-10682	89	27	less	less	ADJ
easat-10682	89	28	time	time	NOUN
easat-10682	89	29	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-10682	89	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	90	1	combining	combine	VERB
easat-10682	90	2	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	90	3	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	90	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	90	5	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	90	6	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	90	7	architectures	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	90	8	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	90	9	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	90	10	substantial	substantial	ADJ
easat-10682	90	11	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-10682	90	12	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	90	13	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	90	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	90	15	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10682	90	16	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	90	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	1	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	91	2	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	91	3	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	91	4	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	91	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	6	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-10682	91	7	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	91	8	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	91	9	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10682	91	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	11	cnns	cnns	PROPN
easat-10682	91	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	14	excel	excel	VERB
easat-10682	91	15	at	at	ADP
easat-10682	91	16	extracting	extract	VERB
easat-10682	91	17	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
easat-10682	91	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	19	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	91	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	21	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	91	22	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	91	23	directly	directly	ADV
easat-10682	91	24	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	91	25	raw	raw	ADJ
easat-10682	91	26	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	91	27	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	91	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	29	capturing	capture	VERB
easat-10682	91	30	intricate	intricate	ADJ
easat-10682	91	31	details	detail	NOUN
easat-10682	91	32	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	91	33	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	91	34	edges	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	91	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	36	textures	texture	NOUN
easat-10682	91	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	91	39	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-10682	91	40	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	91	41	[	[	X
easat-10682	91	42	22	22	NUM
easat-10682	91	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	44	23	23	NUM
easat-10682	91	45	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	91	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	92	1	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	92	2	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	92	3	enhances	enhance	VERB
easat-10682	92	4	this	this	DET
easat-10682	92	5	capability	capability	NOUN
easat-10682	92	6	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	92	7	providing	provide	VERB
easat-10682	92	8	a	a	DET
easat-10682	92	9	pretrained	pretraine	VERB
easat-10682	92	10	foundation	foundation	NOUN
easat-10682	92	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	92	12	extracted	extract	VERB
easat-10682	92	13	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	92	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	92	15	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-10682	92	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	92	17	time	time	NOUN
easat-10682	92	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	92	19	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10682	92	20	cost	cost	NOUN
easat-10682	92	21	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	92	22	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	92	23	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	92	24	scratch	scratch	NOUN
easat-10682	92	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	93	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	93	2	accelerates	accelerate	VERB
easat-10682	93	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	93	4	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10682	93	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	93	6	allows	allow	VERB
easat-10682	93	7	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
easat-10682	93	8	to	to	PART
easat-10682	93	9	construct	construct	VERB
easat-10682	93	10	high	high	ADV
easat-10682	93	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	93	12	performing	perform	VERB
easat-10682	93	13	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	93	14	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	93	15	relatively	relatively	ADV
easat-10682	93	16	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-10682	93	17	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10682	93	18	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-10682	93	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	94	1	2	2	X
easat-10682	94	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	94	3	materials	material	NOUN
easat-10682	94	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	94	5	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10682	94	6	2.1	2.1	NUM
easat-10682	94	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	95	1	dataset	dataset	ADJ
easat-10682	95	2	preparation	preparation	NOUN
easat-10682	95	3	2.1.1	2.1.1	NUM
easat-10682	95	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	96	1	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	96	2	source	source	NOUN
easat-10682	96	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	96	4	description	description	NOUN
easat-10682	96	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	96	6	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-10682	96	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	96	8	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-10682	96	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	96	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	96	11	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	96	12	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	96	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	96	14	basis	basis	NOUN
easat-10682	96	15	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	96	16	training	train	VERB
easat-10682	96	17	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	96	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	96	19	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	96	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	97	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	97	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	97	3	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	97	4	this	this	DET
easat-10682	97	5	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	97	6	focuses	focus	VERB
easat-10682	97	7	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	97	8	six	six	NUM
easat-10682	97	9	typical	typical	ADJ
easat-10682	97	10	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	97	11	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	97	12	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	97	13	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
easat-10682	97	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	97	15	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	97	16	holes	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	97	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	97	18	mouse	mouse	NOUN
easat-10682	97	19	bites	bite	NOUN
easat-10682	97	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	97	21	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	97	22	circuits	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	97	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	97	24	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	97	25	circuits	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	97	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	97	27	spurs	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	97	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	97	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	97	30	spurious	spurious	ADJ
easat-10682	97	31	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	97	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	98	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	98	2	following	follow	VERB
easat-10682	98	3	link	link	NOUN
easat-10682	98	4	provides	provide	VERB
easat-10682	98	5	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	98	6	related	relate	VERB
easat-10682	98	7	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	98	8	these	these	DET
easat-10682	98	9	six	six	NUM
easat-10682	98	10	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	98	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	98	12	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	98	13	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	98	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	98	15	https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/dajianwan/pcbdatasets	https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/dajianwan/pcbdataset	NOUN
easat-10682	98	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	99	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	99	2	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	99	3	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
easat-10682	99	4	different	different	ADJ
easat-10682	99	5	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-10682	99	6	manifestations	manifestation	NOUN
easat-10682	99	7	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	99	8	actual	actual	ADJ
easat-10682	99	9	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	99	10	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10682	99	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	100	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	100	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-10682	100	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	100	4	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	100	5	holes	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	100	6	usually	usually	ADV
easat-10682	100	7	appear	appear	VERB
easat-10682	100	8	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	100	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	100	10	absence	absence	NOUN
easat-10682	100	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	100	12	regular	regular	ADJ
easat-10682	100	13	geometric	geometric	ADJ
easat-10682	100	14	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	100	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	100	16	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10682	100	17	rat	rat	NOUN
easat-10682	100	18	bites	bite	NOUN
easat-10682	100	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	100	20	burrs	burr	NOUN
easat-10682	100	21	present	present	VERB
easat-10682	100	22	irregular	irregular	ADJ
easat-10682	100	23	edge	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	100	24	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	100	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	101	1	to	to	PART
easat-10682	101	2	better	well	ADV
easat-10682	101	3	simulate	simulate	VERB
easat-10682	101	4	real	real	ADJ
easat-10682	101	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	101	6	world	world	NOUN
easat-10682	101	7	application	application	NOUN
easat-10682	101	8	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10682	101	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	101	10	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	101	11	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	101	12	were	be	AUX
easat-10682	101	13	collected	collect	VERB
easat-10682	101	14	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	101	15	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-10682	101	16	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	101	17	manufacturers	manufacturer	NOUN
easat-10682	101	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	101	19	including	include	VERB
easat-10682	101	20	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	101	21	produced	produce	VERB
easat-10682	101	22	under	under	ADP
easat-10682	101	23	different	different	ADJ
easat-10682	101	24	processes	process	NOUN
easat-10682	101	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	101	26	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10682	101	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	102	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	102	2	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-10682	102	3	enhances	enhance	VERB
easat-10682	102	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	102	5	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	102	6	's	's	PART
easat-10682	102	7	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
easat-10682	102	8	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	102	9	real	real	ADJ
easat-10682	102	10	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-10682	102	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	103	1	during	during	ADP
easat-10682	103	2	the	the	DET
easat-10682	103	3	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	103	4	annotation	annotation	NOUN
easat-10682	103	5	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	103	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	103	7	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-10682	103	8	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	103	9	annotation	annotation	NOUN
easat-10682	103	10	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-10682	103	11	were	be	AUX
easat-10682	103	12	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	103	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	103	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	103	15	experts	expert	NOUN
easat-10682	103	16	familiar	familiar	ADJ
easat-10682	103	17	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	103	18	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	103	19	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	103	20	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	103	21	performed	perform	VERB
easat-10682	103	22	the	the	DET
easat-10682	103	23	annotations	annotation	NOUN
easat-10682	103	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	104	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	104	2	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	104	3	type	type	NOUN
easat-10682	104	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	104	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	104	6	precise	precise	ADJ
easat-10682	104	7	bounding	bounding	NOUN
easat-10682	104	8	box	box	NOUN
easat-10682	104	9	position	position	NOUN
easat-10682	104	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	104	11	each	each	DET
easat-10682	104	12	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	104	13	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	104	14	provided	provide	VERB
easat-10682	104	15	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	104	16	annotation	annotation	NOUN
easat-10682	104	17	content	content	NOUN
easat-10682	104	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	105	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	105	2	information	information	NOUN
easat-10682	105	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	105	4	stored	store	VERB
easat-10682	105	5	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	105	6	a	a	DET
easat-10682	105	7	structured	structured	ADJ
easat-10682	105	8	manner	manner	NOUN
easat-10682	105	9	within	within	ADP
easat-10682	105	10	xml	xml	NOUN
easat-10682	105	11	format	format	NOUN
easat-10682	105	12	annotation	annotation	NOUN
easat-10682	105	13	files	file	NOUN
easat-10682	105	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	105	15	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	105	16	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	105	17	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	105	18	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	105	19	later	later	ADV
easat-10682	105	20	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	105	21	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	105	22	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-10682	105	23	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	105	24	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-10682	105	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	105	26	cropping	cropping	NOUN
easat-10682	105	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	106	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-10682	106	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	106	3	to	to	PART
easat-10682	106	4	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-10682	106	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	106	6	representativeness	representativeness	NOUN
easat-10682	106	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	106	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	106	9	test	test	NOUN
easat-10682	106	10	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	106	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	106	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	106	13	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	106	14	was	be	AUX
easat-10682	106	15	split	split	VERB
easat-10682	106	16	using	use	VERB
easat-10682	106	17	a	a	DET
easat-10682	106	18	stratified	stratified	ADJ
easat-10682	106	19	sampling	sampling	NOUN
easat-10682	106	20	strategy	strategy	NOUN
easat-10682	106	21	to	to	PART
easat-10682	106	22	maintain	maintain	VERB
easat-10682	106	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	106	24	same	same	ADJ
easat-10682	106	25	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10682	106	26	ratio	ratio	NOUN
easat-10682	106	27	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	106	28	each	each	DET
easat-10682	106	29	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	106	30	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	106	31	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	106	32	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10682	106	33	the	the	DET
easat-10682	106	34	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	106	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	106	36	test	test	NOUN
easat-10682	106	37	sets	set	NOUN
easat-10682	106	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	107	1	2.1.2	2.1.2	X
easat-10682	107	2	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	107	3	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	107	4	trimming	trimming	NOUN
easat-10682	107	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	107	6	normalization	normalization	NOUN
easat-10682	107	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	107	8	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	107	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	107	10	preprocessing	preprocesse	VERB
easat-10682	107	11	input	input	NOUN
easat-10682	107	12	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	107	13	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	107	14	important	important	ADJ
easat-10682	107	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	107	16	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	107	17	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	107	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	107	19	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	107	20	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	107	21	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	107	22	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	107	23	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	107	24	to	to	PART
easat-10682	107	25	improve	improve	VERB
easat-10682	107	26	their	their	PRON
easat-10682	107	27	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	107	28	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	107	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	107	30	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	107	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	108	1	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10682	108	2	original	original	ADJ
easat-10682	108	3	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	108	4	usually	usually	ADV
easat-10682	108	5	contain	contain	VERB
easat-10682	108	6	a	a	DET
easat-10682	108	7	lot	lot	NOUN
easat-10682	108	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	108	9	background	background	NOUN
easat-10682	108	10	information	information	NOUN
easat-10682	108	11	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	108	12	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	108	13	not	not	PART
easat-10682	108	14	useful	useful	ADJ
easat-10682	108	15	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	108	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	108	17	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	108	18	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-10682	108	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	108	20	cropping	crop	VERB
easat-10682	108	21	the	the	DET
easat-10682	108	22	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	108	23	only	only	ADV
easat-10682	108	24	to	to	PART
easat-10682	108	25	contain	contain	VERB
easat-10682	108	26	defective	defective	ADJ
easat-10682	108	27	regions	region	NOUN
easat-10682	108	28	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	108	29	a	a	DET
easat-10682	108	30	good	good	ADJ
easat-10682	108	31	way	way	NOUN
easat-10682	108	32	to	to	PART
easat-10682	108	33	boost	boost	VERB
easat-10682	108	34	the	the	DET
easat-10682	108	35	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	108	36	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	108	37	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	108	38	the	the	DET
easat-10682	108	39	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	108	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	109	1	bounding	bound	VERB
easat-10682	109	2	box	box	NOUN
easat-10682	109	3	annotations	annotation	NOUN
easat-10682	109	4	https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/dajianwan/pcbdatasets	https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/dajianwan/pcbdataset	NOUN
easat-10682	109	5	1491	1491	NUM
easat-10682	109	6	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	109	7	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	109	8	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	109	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	109	10	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	109	11	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	109	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	109	13	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	109	14	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	109	15	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	109	16	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	109	17	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	110	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	110	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	110	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	110	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	110	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	110	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	110	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	110	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	110	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	110	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	110	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	110	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	110	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	110	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	110	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	110	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	111	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	111	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	111	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	111	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	111	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	111	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	111	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	111	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	111	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	111	10	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	111	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	111	12	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	111	13	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	111	14	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	111	15	to	to	PART
easat-10682	111	16	carry	carry	VERB
easat-10682	111	17	out	out	ADP
easat-10682	111	18	the	the	DET
easat-10682	111	19	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	111	20	cropping	cropping	NOUN
easat-10682	111	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	112	1	python	python	PROPN
easat-10682	112	2	’s	’s	PART
easat-10682	112	3	opencv	opencv	PROPN
easat-10682	112	4	library	library	NOUN
easat-10682	112	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	112	6	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	112	7	to	to	PART
easat-10682	112	8	automatically	automatically	ADV
easat-10682	112	9	crop	crop	VERB
easat-10682	112	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	112	11	operation	operation	NOUN
easat-10682	112	12	to	to	PART
easat-10682	112	13	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-10682	112	14	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	112	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	112	16	consistency	consistency	NOUN
easat-10682	112	17	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	112	18	the	the	DET
easat-10682	112	19	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	112	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	113	1	after	after	ADP
easat-10682	113	2	cropping	crop	VERB
easat-10682	113	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	113	4	all	all	DET
easat-10682	113	5	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	113	6	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	113	7	resized	resize	VERB
easat-10682	113	8	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	113	9	a	a	DET
easat-10682	113	10	uniform	uniform	ADJ
easat-10682	113	11	resolution	resolution	NOUN
easat-10682	113	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	113	13	128×128	128×128	NUM
easat-10682	113	14	to	to	PART
easat-10682	113	15	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-10682	113	16	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	113	17	input	input	NOUN
easat-10682	113	18	sizes	size	NOUN
easat-10682	113	19	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	113	20	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-10682	113	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	114	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	114	2	resolution	resolution	NOUN
easat-10682	114	3	represents	represent	VERB
easat-10682	114	4	a	a	DET
easat-10682	114	5	balance	balance	NOUN
easat-10682	114	6	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	114	7	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10682	114	8	load	load	NOUN
easat-10682	114	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	114	10	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	114	11	retention	retention	NOUN
easat-10682	114	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	115	1	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	115	2	resolution	resolution	NOUN
easat-10682	115	3	incurs	incur	VERB
easat-10682	115	4	more	more	ADV
easat-10682	115	5	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10682	115	6	load	load	NOUN
easat-10682	115	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	115	8	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	115	9	may	may	AUX
easat-10682	115	10	strain	strain	VERB
easat-10682	115	11	hardware	hardware	NOUN
easat-10682	115	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	115	13	especially	especially	ADV
easat-10682	115	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	115	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	115	16	current	current	ADJ
easat-10682	115	17	era	era	NOUN
easat-10682	115	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	115	19	supercomputers	supercomputer	NOUN
easat-10682	115	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	115	21	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10682	115	22	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10682	115	23	resolution	resolution	NOUN
easat-10682	115	24	loses	lose	VERB
easat-10682	115	25	critically	critically	ADV
easat-10682	115	26	important	important	ADJ
easat-10682	115	27	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	115	28	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	115	29	needed	need	VERB
easat-10682	115	30	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	115	31	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	115	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	116	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	116	2	chosen	choose	VERB
easat-10682	116	3	resolution	resolution	NOUN
easat-10682	116	4	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	116	5	ensures	ensure	VERB
easat-10682	116	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	116	7	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10682	116	8	demands	demand	NOUN
easat-10682	116	9	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	116	10	manageable	manageable	ADJ
easat-10682	116	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	116	12	detail	detail	NOUN
easat-10682	116	13	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	116	14	retained	retain	VERB
easat-10682	116	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	117	1	another	another	DET
easat-10682	117	2	important	important	ADJ
easat-10682	117	3	stage	stage	NOUN
easat-10682	117	4	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	117	5	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	117	6	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	117	7	workflows	workflow	NOUN
easat-10682	117	8	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	117	9	normalizing	normalize	VERB
easat-10682	117	10	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	117	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	118	1	normalization	normalization	NOUN
easat-10682	118	2	decreases	decrease	VERB
easat-10682	118	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	118	4	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-10682	118	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	118	6	varying	vary	VERB
easat-10682	118	7	numerical	numerical	ADJ
easat-10682	118	8	ranges	range	NOUN
easat-10682	118	9	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	118	10	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	118	11	gradient	gradient	NOUN
easat-10682	118	12	updates	update	NOUN
easat-10682	118	13	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	118	14	scaling	scale	VERB
easat-10682	118	15	pixel	pixel	ADJ
easat-10682	118	16	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	118	17	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	118	18	a	a	DET
easat-10682	118	19	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-10682	118	20	range	range	NOUN
easat-10682	118	21	[	[	X
easat-10682	118	22	0	0	NUM
easat-10682	118	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	118	24	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	118	25	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	118	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	119	1	normalization	normalization	NOUN
easat-10682	119	2	stabilizes	stabilize	VERB
easat-10682	119	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	119	4	improves	improve	VERB
easat-10682	119	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	119	6	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-10682	119	7	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	119	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	119	9	enables	enable	VERB
easat-10682	119	10	faster	fast	ADJ
easat-10682	119	11	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10682	119	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	120	1	normalization	normalization	NOUN
easat-10682	120	2	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	120	3	avoids	avoid	VERB
easat-10682	120	4	amplifying	amplifying	ADJ
easat-10682	120	5	numerical	numerical	ADJ
easat-10682	120	6	differences	difference	NOUN
easat-10682	120	7	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	120	8	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	120	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	120	10	thus	thus	ADV
easat-10682	120	11	minimizes	minimize	NOUN
easat-10682	120	12	variance	variance	NOUN
easat-10682	120	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	120	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	120	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	120	16	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	120	17	becomes	become	VERB
easat-10682	120	18	less	less	ADV
easat-10682	120	19	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
easat-10682	120	20	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	120	21	outliers	outlier	NOUN
easat-10682	120	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	121	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	121	2	results	result	VERB
easat-10682	121	3	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	121	4	a	a	DET
easat-10682	121	5	more	more	ADV
easat-10682	121	6	stable	stable	ADJ
easat-10682	121	7	gradient	gradient	ADJ
easat-10682	121	8	descent	descent	NOUN
easat-10682	121	9	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
easat-10682	121	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	121	11	improving	improve	VERB
easat-10682	121	12	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-10682	121	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	121	14	test	test	NOUN
easat-10682	121	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	121	16	time	time	NOUN
easat-10682	121	17	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	121	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	122	1	2.1.3	2.1.3	NUM
easat-10682	122	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	122	3	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	122	4	augmentation	augmentation	NOUN
easat-10682	122	5	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	122	6	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	122	7	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-10682	122	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	122	9	uneven	uneven	ADJ
easat-10682	122	10	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10682	122	11	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	122	12	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	122	13	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	122	14	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	122	15	a	a	DET
easat-10682	122	16	common	common	ADJ
easat-10682	122	17	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-10682	122	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	123	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	123	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	123	3	designed	design	VERB
easat-10682	123	4	a	a	DET
easat-10682	123	5	series	series	NOUN
easat-10682	123	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	123	7	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	123	8	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
easat-10682	123	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-10682	123	10	to	to	PART
easat-10682	123	11	improve	improve	VERB
easat-10682	123	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	123	13	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	123	14	's	's	PART
easat-10682	123	15	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	123	16	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	123	17	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	123	18	small	small	ADJ
easat-10682	123	19	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	123	20	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	123	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	124	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
easat-10682	124	2	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-10682	124	3	geometric	geometric	ADJ
easat-10682	124	4	transformations	transformation	NOUN
easat-10682	124	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	124	6	experiments	experiment	NOUN
easat-10682	124	7	were	be	AUX
easat-10682	124	8	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-10682	124	9	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	124	10	targeted	target	VERB
easat-10682	124	11	extended	extended	ADJ
easat-10682	124	12	designs	design	NOUN
easat-10682	124	13	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	124	14	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	124	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	124	16	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	124	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	124	18	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	124	19	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	124	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	125	1	2.1.3.1	2.1.3.1	X
easat-10682	125	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	125	3	random	random	ADJ
easat-10682	125	4	rotation	rotation	NOUN
easat-10682	125	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	125	6	rotation	rotation	NOUN
easat-10682	125	7	transformation	transformation	NOUN
easat-10682	125	8	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	125	9	intended	intend	VERB
easat-10682	125	10	to	to	PART
easat-10682	125	11	replicate	replicate	VERB
easat-10682	125	12	angular	angular	ADJ
easat-10682	125	13	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10682	125	14	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	125	15	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	125	16	ubiquitous	ubiquitous	ADJ
easat-10682	125	17	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	125	18	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	125	19	boards	board	NOUN
easat-10682	125	20	due	due	ADJ
easat-10682	125	21	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	125	22	assembly	assembly	NOUN
easat-10682	125	23	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10682	125	24	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	125	25	real	real	ADJ
easat-10682	125	26	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	125	27	world	world	NOUN
easat-10682	125	28	production	production	NOUN
easat-10682	125	29	processes	process	NOUN
easat-10682	125	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	126	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	126	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	126	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	126	4	exposed	expose	VERB
easat-10682	126	5	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	126	6	a	a	DET
easat-10682	126	7	wider	wide	ADJ
easat-10682	126	8	range	range	NOUN
easat-10682	126	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	126	10	orientations	orientation	NOUN
easat-10682	126	11	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	126	12	applying	apply	VERB
easat-10682	126	13	random	random	ADJ
easat-10682	126	14	rotations	rotation	NOUN
easat-10682	126	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	126	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	126	17	range	range	NOUN
easat-10682	126	18	[	[	X
easat-10682	126	19	–	–	PUNCT
easat-10682	126	20	20	20	NUM
easat-10682	126	21	°	°	NOUN
easat-10682	126	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	126	23	20	20	NUM
easat-10682	126	24	°	°	NOUN
easat-10682	126	25	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	126	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	126	27	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	126	28	helps	help	VERB
easat-10682	126	29	generalize	generalize	VERB
easat-10682	126	30	unseen	unseen	ADJ
easat-10682	126	31	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	126	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	127	1	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-10682	127	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	127	3	show	show	VERB
easat-10682	127	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	127	5	this	this	DET
easat-10682	127	6	range	range	NOUN
easat-10682	127	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	127	8	random	random	ADJ
easat-10682	127	9	rotation	rotation	NOUN
easat-10682	127	10	enhances	enhance	VERB
easat-10682	127	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	127	12	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	127	13	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	127	14	a	a	DET
easat-10682	127	15	point	point	NOUN
easat-10682	127	16	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	127	17	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	127	18	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	127	19	at	at	ADP
easat-10682	127	20	all	all	DET
easat-10682	127	21	angles	angle	NOUN
easat-10682	127	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	128	1	2.1.3.2	2.1.3.2	X
easat-10682	128	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	128	3	panning	pan	VERB
easat-10682	128	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	128	5	scaling	scale	VERB
easat-10682	128	6	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	128	7	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	128	8	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	128	9	generated	generate	VERB
easat-10682	128	10	at	at	ADP
easat-10682	128	11	random	random	ADJ
easat-10682	128	12	locations	location	NOUN
easat-10682	128	13	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	128	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	128	15	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	128	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	128	17	presented	present	VERB
easat-10682	128	18	at	at	ADP
easat-10682	128	19	random	random	ADJ
easat-10682	128	20	scales	scale	NOUN
easat-10682	128	21	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	128	22	panning	pan	VERB
easat-10682	128	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	128	24	scaling	scaling	NOUN
easat-10682	128	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	129	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	129	2	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-10682	129	3	augments	augment	VERB
easat-10682	129	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	129	5	spatial	spatial	ADJ
easat-10682	129	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	129	7	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-10682	129	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	129	9	related	relate	VERB
easat-10682	129	10	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	129	11	available	available	ADJ
easat-10682	129	12	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	129	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	129	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	129	15	during	during	ADP
easat-10682	129	16	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	129	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	129	18	increasing	increase	VERB
easat-10682	129	19	variation	variation	NOUN
easat-10682	129	20	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	129	21	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	129	22	distributions	distribution	NOUN
easat-10682	129	23	whilst	whilst	SCONJ
easat-10682	129	24	improving	improve	VERB
easat-10682	129	25	the	the	DET
easat-10682	129	26	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	129	27	's	's	PART
easat-10682	129	28	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10682	129	29	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	129	30	variations	variation	NOUN
easat-10682	129	31	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	129	32	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	129	33	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10682	129	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	130	1	2.1.3.3	2.1.3.3	NUM
easat-10682	130	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	131	1	pcb	pcb	VERB
easat-10682	131	2	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	131	3	inheritance	inheritance	NOUN
easat-10682	131	4	vertical	vertical	ADJ
easat-10682	131	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	131	6	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
easat-10682	131	7	flipping	flipping	NOUN
easat-10682	131	8	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	131	9	impactful	impactful	ADJ
easat-10682	131	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	131	11	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
easat-10682	131	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	131	13	since	since	SCONJ
easat-10682	131	14	numerous	numerous	ADJ
easat-10682	131	15	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	131	16	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	131	17	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	131	18	geometrically	geometrically	ADV
easat-10682	131	19	symmetric	symmetric	ADJ
easat-10682	131	20	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	131	21	inheritance	inheritance	NOUN
easat-10682	131	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	132	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	132	2	this	this	DET
easat-10682	132	3	regard	regard	NOUN
easat-10682	132	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	132	5	we	we	PRON
easat-10682	132	6	apply	apply	VERB
easat-10682	132	7	mirroring	mirror	VERB
easat-10682	132	8	transformations	transformation	NOUN
easat-10682	132	9	to	to	PART
easat-10682	132	10	augment	augment	VERB
easat-10682	132	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	132	12	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	132	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	133	1	2.1.3.4	2.1.3.4	X
easat-10682	133	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	133	3	uneven	uneven	ADJ
easat-10682	133	4	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-10682	133	5	there	there	PRON
easat-10682	133	6	are	be	VERB
easat-10682	133	7	some	some	DET
easat-10682	133	8	uneven	uneven	ADJ
easat-10682	133	9	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10682	133	10	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	133	11	commonly	commonly	ADV
easat-10682	133	12	occur	occur	VERB
easat-10682	133	13	during	during	ADP
easat-10682	133	14	pcb	pcb	PROPN
easat-10682	133	15	imaging	imaging	NOUN
easat-10682	133	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	133	17	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	133	18	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	133	19	uneven	uneven	ADJ
easat-10682	133	20	shooting	shooting	NOUN
easat-10682	133	21	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	133	22	uneven	uneven	ADJ
easat-10682	133	23	lighting	lighting	NOUN
easat-10682	133	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	134	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	134	2	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10682	134	3	obscure	obscure	VERB
easat-10682	134	4	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	134	5	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	134	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	135	1	to	to	PART
easat-10682	135	2	address	address	VERB
easat-10682	135	3	this	this	DET
easat-10682	135	4	issue	issue	NOUN
easat-10682	135	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	135	6	brightness	brightness	NOUN
easat-10682	135	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	135	8	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-10682	135	9	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	135	10	adjusted	adjust	VERB
easat-10682	135	11	to	to	PART
easat-10682	135	12	simulate	simulate	VERB
easat-10682	135	13	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	135	14	captured	capture	VERB
easat-10682	135	15	under	under	ADP
easat-10682	135	16	different	different	ADJ
easat-10682	135	17	lighting	lighting	NOUN
easat-10682	135	18	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-10682	135	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	136	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	136	2	augmentation	augmentation	NOUN
easat-10682	136	3	method	method	NOUN
easat-10682	136	4	enables	enable	VERB
easat-10682	136	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	136	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	136	7	to	to	PART
easat-10682	136	8	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	136	9	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	136	10	a	a	DET
easat-10682	136	11	broader	broad	ADJ
easat-10682	136	12	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	136	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	136	14	lighting	lighting	NOUN
easat-10682	136	15	variations	variation	NOUN
easat-10682	136	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	136	17	improving	improve	VERB
easat-10682	136	18	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	136	19	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	136	20	to	to	PART
easat-10682	136	21	detect	detect	VERB
easat-10682	136	22	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	136	23	under	under	ADP
easat-10682	136	24	various	various	ADJ
easat-10682	136	25	real	real	ADJ
easat-10682	136	26	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	136	27	world	world	NOUN
easat-10682	136	28	lighting	lighting	NOUN
easat-10682	136	29	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10682	136	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	137	1	during	during	ADP
easat-10682	137	2	data	data	NOUN
easat-10682	137	3	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
easat-10682	137	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	137	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	137	6	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	137	7	data	data	NOUN
easat-10682	137	8	generator	generator	NOUN
easat-10682	137	9	module	module	NOUN
easat-10682	137	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	137	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	137	12	keras	keras	PROPN
easat-10682	137	13	library	library	NOUN
easat-10682	137	14	was	be	AUX
easat-10682	137	15	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	137	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	138	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	138	2	built	build	VERB
easat-10682	138	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	138	4	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	138	5	functions	function	NOUN
easat-10682	138	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	138	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	138	8	method	method	NOUN
easat-10682	138	9	support	support	VERB
easat-10682	138	10	several	several	ADJ
easat-10682	138	11	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
easat-10682	138	12	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10682	138	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	138	14	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	138	15	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	138	16	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	138	17	seamlessly	seamlessly	ADV
easat-10682	138	18	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	138	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	138	20	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	138	21	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	138	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	139	1	1492	1492	NUM
easat-10682	139	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	139	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	139	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	139	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	139	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	139	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	139	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	139	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	139	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	139	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	139	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	139	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	140	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	140	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	140	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	140	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	140	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	140	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	140	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	140	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	140	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	140	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	140	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	140	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	140	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	140	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	140	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	140	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	141	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	141	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	141	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	141	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	141	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	141	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	141	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	141	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	141	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	141	10	2.2	2.2	NUM
easat-10682	141	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	141	12	model	model	PROPN
easat-10682	141	13	design	design	PROPN
easat-10682	141	14	2.2.1	2.2.1	NUM
easat-10682	141	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	142	1	selection	selection	NOUN
easat-10682	142	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	142	3	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	142	4	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	142	5	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	142	6	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	142	7	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	142	8	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	142	9	highly	highly	ADV
easat-10682	142	10	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10682	142	11	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	142	12	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	142	13	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	142	14	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	142	15	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10682	142	16	dealing	deal	VERB
easat-10682	142	17	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	142	18	small	small	ADJ
easat-10682	142	19	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	142	20	size	size	NOUN
easat-10682	142	21	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-10682	142	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	143	1	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-10682	143	2	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	143	3	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10682	143	4	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	143	5	less	less	ADV
easat-10682	143	6	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-10682	143	7	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	143	8	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	143	9	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	143	10	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	143	11	than	than	ADP
easat-10682	143	12	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	143	13	generalpurpose	generalpurpose	NOUN
easat-10682	143	14	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	143	15	because	because	SCONJ
easat-10682	143	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	143	17	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	143	18	tend	tend	VERB
easat-10682	143	19	to	to	PART
easat-10682	143	20	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	143	21	less	less	ADV
easat-10682	143	22	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-10682	143	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	143	24	smaller	small	ADJ
easat-10682	143	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	144	1	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	144	2	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	144	3	fills	fill	VERB
easat-10682	144	4	this	this	DET
easat-10682	144	5	gap	gap	NOUN
easat-10682	144	6	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	144	7	providing	provide	VERB
easat-10682	144	8	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	144	9	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	144	10	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-10682	144	11	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	144	12	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	144	13	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	144	14	fine	fine	ADV
easat-10682	144	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	144	16	tuned	tune	VERB
easat-10682	144	17	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	144	18	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	144	19	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	144	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	144	21	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-10682	144	22	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	144	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	144	24	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	144	25	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	144	26	fine	fine	ADJ
easat-10682	144	27	textures	texture	NOUN
easat-10682	144	28	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	144	29	geometric	geometric	ADJ
easat-10682	144	30	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	144	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	145	1	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	145	2	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	145	3	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10682	145	4	advantages	advantage	NOUN
easat-10682	145	5	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	145	6	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	145	7	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10682	145	8	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	145	9	utilizing	utilize	VERB
easat-10682	145	10	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	PROPN
easat-10682	145	11	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	145	12	a	a	DET
easat-10682	145	13	representative	representative	NOUN
easat-10682	145	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	145	15	lightweight	lightweight	ADJ
easat-10682	145	16	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	145	17	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	145	18	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10682	145	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	146	1	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	146	2	modular	modular	ADJ
easat-10682	146	3	design	design	NOUN
easat-10682	146	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	146	5	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	146	6	includes	include	VERB
easat-10682	146	7	depthwise	depthwise	NOUN
easat-10682	146	8	separable	separable	ADJ
easat-10682	146	9	convolutions	convolution	NOUN
easat-10682	146	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	146	11	inverted	invert	VERB
easat-10682	146	12	residual	residual	ADJ
easat-10682	146	13	blocks	block	NOUN
easat-10682	146	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	146	15	achieves	achieve	VERB
easat-10682	146	16	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	146	17	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10682	146	18	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	146	19	without	without	ADP
easat-10682	146	20	compromising	compromise	VERB
easat-10682	146	21	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	146	22	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	146	23	capabilities	capability	NOUN
easat-10682	146	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	147	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	147	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	147	3	makes	make	VERB
easat-10682	147	4	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	PROPN
easat-10682	147	5	highly	highly	ADV
easat-10682	147	6	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10682	147	7	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	147	8	real	real	ADJ
easat-10682	147	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	147	10	time	time	NOUN
easat-10682	147	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	147	12	resource	resource	NOUN
easat-10682	147	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	147	14	constrained	constrain	VERB
easat-10682	147	15	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-10682	147	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	147	17	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	147	18	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	147	19	automated	automate	VERB
easat-10682	147	20	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	147	21	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-10682	147	22	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10682	147	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	148	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	148	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	148	3	presents	present	VERB
easat-10682	148	4	an	an	DET
easat-10682	148	5	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-10682	148	6	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-10682	148	7	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	148	8	obtaining	obtain	VERB
easat-10682	148	9	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10682	148	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	148	11	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-10682	148	12	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	148	13	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	148	14	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	148	15	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	148	16	combining	combine	VERB
easat-10682	148	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	148	18	powerful	powerful	ADJ
easat-10682	148	19	yet	yet	ADV
easat-10682	148	20	lightweight	lightweight	ADJ
easat-10682	148	21	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-10682	148	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	148	23	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	PROPN
easat-10682	148	24	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	148	25	the	the	DET
easat-10682	148	26	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-10682	148	27	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	148	28	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	148	29	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	148	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	149	1	2.2.2	2.2.2	X
easat-10682	149	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	149	3	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	149	4	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	149	5	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	149	6	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	149	7	this	this	DET
easat-10682	149	8	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	149	9	was	be	AUX
easat-10682	149	10	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	149	11	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	149	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	149	13	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	PROPN
easat-10682	149	14	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-10682	149	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	149	16	proposing	propose	VERB
easat-10682	149	17	a	a	DET
easat-10682	149	18	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	149	19	cnn	cnn	NOUN
easat-10682	149	20	scheme	scheme	NOUN
easat-10682	149	21	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	149	22	combines	combine	VERB
easat-10682	149	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	149	24	strength	strength	NOUN
easat-10682	149	25	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	149	26	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	149	27	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	149	28	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	149	29	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	149	30	the	the	DET
easat-10682	149	31	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
easat-10682	149	32	reorganization	reorganization	NOUN
easat-10682	149	33	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	149	34	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	149	35	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	149	36	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10682	149	37	connected	connected	ADJ
easat-10682	149	38	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	149	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	150	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	150	2	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	150	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	150	4	detailed	detail	VERB
easat-10682	150	5	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10682	150	6	follows	follow	VERB
easat-10682	150	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	151	1	2.2.2.1	2.2.2.1	X
easat-10682	151	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	151	3	convolution	convolution	NOUN
easat-10682	151	4	part	part	NOUN
easat-10682	151	5	this	this	DET
easat-10682	151	6	part	part	NOUN
easat-10682	151	7	uses	use	VERB
easat-10682	151	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	151	9	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-10682	151	10	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	151	11	trained	train	VERB
easat-10682	151	12	weights	weight	NOUN
easat-10682	151	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	151	14	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	NOUN
easat-10682	151	15	to	to	PART
easat-10682	151	16	extract	extract	VERB
easat-10682	151	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	151	18	basic	basic	ADJ
easat-10682	151	19	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	151	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	151	21	the	the	DET
easat-10682	151	22	input	input	NOUN
easat-10682	151	23	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	151	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	151	25	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	151	26	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	151	27	textures	texture	NOUN
easat-10682	151	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	151	29	edges	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	151	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	151	31	etc	etc	X
easat-10682	151	32	.	.	X
easat-10682	151	33	although	although	SCONJ
easat-10682	151	34	these	these	DET
easat-10682	151	35	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	151	36	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	151	37	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	151	38	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	151	39	level	level	NOUN
easat-10682	151	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	151	41	they	they	PRON
easat-10682	151	42	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	151	43	considered	consider	VERB
easat-10682	151	44	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-10682	151	45	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	151	46	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-10682	151	47	small	small	ADJ
easat-10682	151	48	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	151	49	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	151	50	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	151	51	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	151	52	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	152	1	2.2.2.2	2.2.2.2	X
easat-10682	152	2	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	152	3	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	152	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	152	5	a	a	DET
easat-10682	152	6	global	global	ADJ
easat-10682	152	7	pooling	pooling	NOUN
easat-10682	152	8	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	152	9	this	this	DET
easat-10682	152	10	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	152	11	reduces	reduce	VERB
easat-10682	152	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	152	13	high	high	ADV
easat-10682	152	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	152	15	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	152	16	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	152	17	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	152	18	maps	map	NOUN
easat-10682	152	19	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	152	20	a	a	DET
easat-10682	152	21	small	small	ADJ
easat-10682	152	22	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10682	152	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	153	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	153	2	fact	fact	NOUN
easat-10682	153	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	153	4	this	this	DET
easat-10682	153	5	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	153	6	summarizes	summarize	VERB
easat-10682	153	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	153	8	most	most	ADV
easat-10682	153	9	salient	salient	NOUN
easat-10682	153	10	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	153	11	across	across	ADP
easat-10682	153	12	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	153	13	spatial	spatial	ADJ
easat-10682	153	14	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
easat-10682	153	15	to	to	PART
easat-10682	153	16	offer	offer	VERB
easat-10682	153	17	a	a	DET
easat-10682	153	18	condensed	condensed	ADJ
easat-10682	153	19	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10682	153	20	complete	complete	ADJ
easat-10682	153	21	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-10682	153	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	153	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	153	24	input	input	NOUN
easat-10682	153	25	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	153	26	without	without	ADP
easat-10682	153	27	losing	lose	VERB
easat-10682	153	28	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-10682	153	29	information	information	NOUN
easat-10682	153	30	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	153	31	the	the	DET
easat-10682	153	32	transformation	transformation	NOUN
easat-10682	153	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	154	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	154	2	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	154	3	lowers	lower	VERB
easat-10682	154	4	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-10682	154	5	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-10682	154	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	154	7	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-10682	154	8	downstream	downstream	ADJ
easat-10682	154	9	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-10682	154	10	to	to	PART
easat-10682	154	11	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	154	12	done	do	VERB
easat-10682	154	13	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
easat-10682	154	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	155	1	2.2.2.3	2.2.2.3	X
easat-10682	155	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	155	3	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10682	155	4	connected	connect	VERB
easat-10682	155	5	custom	custom	NOUN
easat-10682	155	6	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	155	7	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	155	8	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	155	9	a	a	DET
easat-10682	155	10	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10682	155	11	connected	connect	VERB
easat-10682	155	12	3	3	NUM
easat-10682	155	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	155	14	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	155	15	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	155	16	designed	design	VERB
easat-10682	155	17	to	to	PART
easat-10682	155	18	adapt	adapt	VERB
easat-10682	155	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	155	20	extracted	extract	VERB
easat-10682	155	21	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	155	22	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	155	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	155	24	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-10682	155	25	task	task	NOUN
easat-10682	155	26	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	155	27	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	155	28	defect	defect	VERB
easat-10682	155	29	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	155	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	156	1	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	156	2	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	156	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	156	4	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	156	5	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	156	6	transformation	transformation	NOUN
easat-10682	156	7	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	156	8	enabled	enable	VERB
easat-10682	156	9	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	156	10	these	these	DET
easat-10682	156	11	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	156	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	156	13	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	156	14	have	have	VERB
easat-10682	156	15	128	128	NUM
easat-10682	156	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	156	17	256	256	NUM
easat-10682	156	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	156	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	156	20	512	512	NUM
easat-10682	156	21	neurons	neuron	NOUN
easat-10682	156	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	156	23	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10682	156	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	157	1	each	each	DET
easat-10682	157	2	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	157	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	157	4	designed	design	VERB
easat-10682	157	5	to	to	PART
easat-10682	157	6	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-10682	157	7	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	157	8	discriminative	discriminative	NOUN
easat-10682	157	9	capabilities	capability	NOUN
easat-10682	157	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	158	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	158	2	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10682	158	3	connected	connected	ADJ
easat-10682	158	4	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	158	5	reorganize	reorganize	VERB
easat-10682	158	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	158	7	refine	refine	VERB
easat-10682	158	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	158	9	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	158	10	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-10682	158	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	158	12	allowing	allow	VERB
easat-10682	158	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	158	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	158	15	to	to	PART
easat-10682	158	16	focus	focus	VERB
easat-10682	158	17	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	158	18	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	158	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	158	20	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-10682	158	21	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	158	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	158	23	improve	improve	VERB
easat-10682	158	24	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
easat-10682	158	25	among	among	ADP
easat-10682	158	26	different	different	ADJ
easat-10682	158	27	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	158	28	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	158	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	159	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-10682	159	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	159	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	159	4	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10682	159	5	connected	connected	ADJ
easat-10682	159	6	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	159	7	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
easat-10682	159	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	159	9	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-10682	159	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	159	11	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	159	12	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	159	13	through	through	ADP
easat-10682	159	14	their	their	PRON
easat-10682	159	15	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
easat-10682	159	16	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-10682	159	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	159	18	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-10682	159	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	159	20	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	159	21	to	to	PART
easat-10682	159	22	handle	handle	VERB
easat-10682	159	23	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	159	24	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	159	25	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-10682	159	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	160	1	2.2.2.4	2.2.2.4	X
easat-10682	160	2	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	160	3	advanced	advanced	ADJ
easat-10682	160	4	regularization	regularization	NOUN
easat-10682	160	5	techniques	technique	VERB
easat-10682	160	6	a	a	DET
easat-10682	160	7	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
easat-10682	160	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	160	9	regularization	regularization	NOUN
easat-10682	160	10	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	160	11	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
easat-10682	160	12	to	to	PART
easat-10682	160	13	stabilize	stabilize	VERB
easat-10682	160	14	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	160	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	160	16	prevent	prevent	VERB
easat-10682	160	17	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	160	18	overfitting	overfitting	NOUN
easat-10682	160	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	161	1	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10682	161	2	connected	connected	ADJ
easat-10682	161	3	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	161	4	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	161	5	interspersed	intersperse	VERB
easat-10682	161	6	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	161	7	batch	batch	NOUN
easat-10682	161	8	normalization	normalization	NOUN
easat-10682	161	9	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	161	10	to	to	PART
easat-10682	161	11	normalize	normalize	VERB
easat-10682	161	12	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	161	13	distributions	distribution	NOUN
easat-10682	161	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	161	15	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-10682	161	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	161	17	internal	internal	ADJ
easat-10682	161	18	covariate	covariate	ADJ
easat-10682	161	19	shift	shift	NOUN
easat-10682	161	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	161	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	161	22	speed	speed	VERB
easat-10682	161	23	up	up	ADP
easat-10682	161	24	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10682	161	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	162	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-10682	162	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	162	3	dropout	dropout	NOUN
easat-10682	162	4	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	162	5	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	162	6	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
easat-10682	162	7	to	to	PART
easat-10682	162	8	deactivate	deactivate	VERB
easat-10682	162	9	neurons	neuron	NOUN
easat-10682	162	10	randomly	randomly	ADV
easat-10682	162	11	during	during	ADP
easat-10682	162	12	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	162	13	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	162	14	stochasticity	stochasticity	NOUN
easat-10682	162	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	162	16	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	162	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	163	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	163	2	simplifies	simplify	VERB
easat-10682	163	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	163	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	163	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	163	6	improves	improve	VERB
easat-10682	163	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	163	8	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-10682	163	9	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	163	10	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10682	163	11	having	have	VERB
easat-10682	163	12	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	163	13	behavior	behavior	NOUN
easat-10682	163	14	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	163	15	unseen	unseen	ADJ
easat-10682	163	16	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	163	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	164	1	1493	1493	NUM
easat-10682	164	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	164	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	164	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	164	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	164	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	164	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	164	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	164	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	164	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	164	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	164	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	164	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	165	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	165	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	165	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	165	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	165	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	165	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	165	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	165	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	165	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	165	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	165	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	165	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	165	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	165	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	165	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	165	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	166	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	166	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	166	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	166	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	166	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	166	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	166	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	166	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	166	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	166	10	2.2.2.5	2.2.2.5	PROPN
easat-10682	166	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	166	12	softmax	softmax	NOUN
easat-10682	166	13	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10682	166	14	function	function	VERB
easat-10682	166	15	a	a	DET
easat-10682	166	16	final	final	ADJ
easat-10682	166	17	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	166	18	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	166	19	made	make	VERB
easat-10682	166	20	using	use	VERB
easat-10682	166	21	the	the	DET
easat-10682	166	22	softmax	softmax	NOUN
easat-10682	166	23	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10682	166	24	function	function	NOUN
easat-10682	166	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	166	26	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	166	27	provides	provide	VERB
easat-10682	166	28	a	a	DET
easat-10682	166	29	probability	probability	NOUN
easat-10682	166	30	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10682	166	31	over	over	ADP
easat-10682	166	32	the	the	DET
easat-10682	166	33	six	six	NUM
easat-10682	166	34	predefined	predefine	VERB
easat-10682	166	35	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	166	36	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	166	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	167	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	167	2	guarantees	guarantee	VERB
easat-10682	167	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	167	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	167	5	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	167	6	result	result	NOUN
easat-10682	167	7	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	167	8	any	any	DET
easat-10682	167	9	input	input	NOUN
easat-10682	167	10	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	167	11	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	167	12	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-10682	167	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	167	14	interpretable	interpretable	ADJ
easat-10682	167	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	168	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	168	2	use	use	NOUN
easat-10682	168	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	168	4	softmax	softmax	NOUN
easat-10682	168	5	offers	offer	VERB
easat-10682	168	6	a	a	DET
easat-10682	168	7	probabilistic	probabilistic	ADJ
easat-10682	168	8	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-10682	168	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	168	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	168	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	168	12	predictions	prediction	NOUN
easat-10682	168	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	168	14	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	168	15	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	168	16	useful	useful	ADJ
easat-10682	168	17	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	168	18	real	real	ADJ
easat-10682	168	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	168	20	life	life	NOUN
easat-10682	168	21	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10682	168	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	169	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	169	2	enables	enable	VERB
easat-10682	169	3	these	these	DET
easat-10682	169	4	architectural	architectural	ADJ
easat-10682	169	5	components	component	NOUN
easat-10682	169	6	to	to	PART
easat-10682	169	7	work	work	VERB
easat-10682	169	8	together	together	ADV
easat-10682	169	9	to	to	PART
easat-10682	169	10	create	create	VERB
easat-10682	169	11	a	a	DET
easat-10682	169	12	highly	highly	ADV
easat-10682	169	13	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-10682	169	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	169	15	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10682	169	16	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	169	17	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	169	18	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	169	19	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	169	20	capable	capable	ADJ
easat-10682	169	21	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	169	22	overcoming	overcome	VERB
easat-10682	169	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	169	24	unique	unique	ADJ
easat-10682	169	25	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-10682	169	26	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	169	27	this	this	DET
easat-10682	169	28	domain	domain	NOUN
easat-10682	169	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	170	1	2.2.3	2.2.3	X
easat-10682	170	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	170	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	170	4	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-10682	170	5	strategy	strategy	NOUN
easat-10682	170	6	achieving	achieve	VERB
easat-10682	170	7	good	good	ADJ
easat-10682	170	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	170	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	170	10	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
easat-10682	170	11	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	170	12	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	170	13	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	170	14	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	170	15	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	170	16	a	a	DET
easat-10682	170	17	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-10682	170	18	step	step	NOUN
easat-10682	170	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	170	20	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	170	21	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	170	22	best	well	ADV
easat-10682	170	23	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
easat-10682	170	24	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	170	25	optimizing	optimize	VERB
easat-10682	170	26	the	the	DET
easat-10682	170	27	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	170	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	171	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	171	2	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-10682	171	3	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	171	4	entropy	entropy	ADJ
easat-10682	171	5	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	171	6	function	function	NOUN
easat-10682	171	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	171	8	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	171	9	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	171	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	171	11	categorical	categorical	ADJ
easat-10682	171	12	cross	cross	NOUN
easat-10682	171	13	-	-	NOUN
easat-10682	171	14	entropy	entropy	ADJ
easat-10682	171	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	171	16	guides	guide	VERB
easat-10682	171	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	171	18	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	171	19	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-10682	171	20	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	171	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	172	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	172	2	function	function	NOUN
easat-10682	172	3	calculates	calculate	VERB
easat-10682	172	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	172	5	kullback	kullback	NOUN
easat-10682	172	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	172	7	leibler	leibler	NOUN
easat-10682	172	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	172	9	kl	kl	NOUN
easat-10682	172	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	172	11	divergence	divergence	NOUN
easat-10682	172	12	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	172	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	172	14	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-10682	172	15	probability	probability	NOUN
easat-10682	172	16	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10682	172	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	172	18	the	the	DET
easat-10682	172	19	true	true	ADJ
easat-10682	172	20	label	label	NOUN
easat-10682	172	21	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10682	172	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	173	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	173	2	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-10682	173	3	aims	aim	VERB
easat-10682	173	4	to	to	PART
easat-10682	173	5	align	align	VERB
easat-10682	173	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	173	7	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	173	8	’s	’s	PART
easat-10682	173	9	output	output	NOUN
easat-10682	173	10	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	173	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	173	12	ground	ground	NOUN
easat-10682	173	13	truth	truth	NOUN
easat-10682	173	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	173	15	focusing	focus	VERB
easat-10682	173	16	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	173	17	correct	correct	ADJ
easat-10682	173	18	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	173	19	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10682	173	20	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	173	21	being	be	AUX
easat-10682	173	22	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-10682	173	23	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	173	24	imbalanced	imbalanced	ADJ
easat-10682	173	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	173	26	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-10682	173	27	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	173	28	class	class	ADJ
easat-10682	173	29	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	173	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	174	1	an	an	DET
easat-10682	174	2	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
easat-10682	174	3	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	174	4	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	174	5	schedule	schedule	NOUN
easat-10682	174	6	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	174	7	employed	employ	VERB
easat-10682	174	8	to	to	PART
easat-10682	174	9	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-10682	174	10	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	174	11	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	174	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	175	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	175	2	initial	initial	ADJ
easat-10682	175	3	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	175	4	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	175	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	175	6	set	set	VERB
easat-10682	175	7	at	at	ADP
easat-10682	175	8	0.001	0.001	NUM
easat-10682	175	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	175	10	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
easat-10682	175	11	rapid	rapid	ADJ
easat-10682	175	12	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10682	175	13	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	175	14	a	a	DET
easat-10682	175	15	good	good	ADJ
easat-10682	175	16	starting	starting	NOUN
easat-10682	175	17	point	point	NOUN
easat-10682	175	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	176	1	a	a	DET
easat-10682	176	2	combination	combination	NOUN
easat-10682	176	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	176	4	l2	l2	NOUN
easat-10682	176	5	regularization	regularization	NOUN
easat-10682	176	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	176	7	dropout	dropout	NOUN
easat-10682	176	8	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	176	9	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	176	10	to	to	PART
easat-10682	176	11	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
easat-10682	176	12	overfitting	overfitting	NOUN
easat-10682	176	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	176	14	improve	improve	VERB
easat-10682	176	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	176	16	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	176	17	's	's	PART
easat-10682	176	18	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-10682	176	19	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	176	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	177	1	l2	l2	NOUN
easat-10682	177	2	regularization	regularization	NOUN
easat-10682	177	3	constrains	constrain	VERB
easat-10682	177	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	177	5	weights	weight	NOUN
easat-10682	177	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	177	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	177	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	177	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	177	10	keeping	keep	VERB
easat-10682	177	11	their	their	PRON
easat-10682	177	12	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-10682	177	13	small	small	ADJ
easat-10682	177	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	177	15	producing	produce	VERB
easat-10682	177	16	a	a	DET
easat-10682	177	17	solution	solution	NOUN
easat-10682	177	18	less	less	ADV
easat-10682	177	19	likely	likely	ADJ
easat-10682	177	20	to	to	PART
easat-10682	177	21	overfit	overfit	VERB
easat-10682	177	22	the	the	DET
easat-10682	177	23	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	177	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	178	1	dropout	dropout	NOUN
easat-10682	178	2	randomly	randomly	ADV
easat-10682	178	3	drops	drop	VERB
easat-10682	178	4	neurons	neuron	NOUN
easat-10682	178	5	during	during	ADP
easat-10682	178	6	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	178	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	178	8	adding	add	VERB
easat-10682	178	9	noise	noise	NOUN
easat-10682	178	10	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	178	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	178	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	178	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	178	14	encouraging	encourage	VERB
easat-10682	178	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	178	16	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	178	17	to	to	PART
easat-10682	178	18	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	178	19	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	178	20	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	178	21	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-10682	178	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	179	1	together	together	ADV
easat-10682	179	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	179	3	these	these	DET
easat-10682	179	4	regularization	regularization	NOUN
easat-10682	179	5	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10682	179	6	produce	produce	VERB
easat-10682	179	7	a	a	DET
easat-10682	179	8	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	179	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	179	10	regularized	regularize	VERB
easat-10682	179	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	179	12	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	179	13	performs	perform	VERB
easat-10682	179	14	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-10682	179	15	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	179	16	unseen	unseen	ADJ
easat-10682	179	17	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	179	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	180	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	180	2	experiment	experiment	NOUN
easat-10682	180	3	then	then	ADV
easat-10682	180	4	divided	divide	VERB
easat-10682	180	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	180	6	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	180	7	into	into	ADP
easat-10682	180	8	two	two	NUM
easat-10682	180	9	stages	stage	NOUN
easat-10682	180	10	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	180	11	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	180	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	180	13	first	first	ADJ
easat-10682	180	14	stage	stage	NOUN
easat-10682	180	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	180	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	180	17	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	180	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	180	19	level	level	NOUN
easat-10682	180	20	convolution	convolution	NOUN
easat-10682	180	21	weights	weight	NOUN
easat-10682	180	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	180	23	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	PROPN
easat-10682	180	24	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	180	25	frozen	freeze	VERB
easat-10682	180	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	180	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	180	28	only	only	ADV
easat-10682	180	29	the	the	DET
easat-10682	180	30	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10682	180	31	connected	connected	ADJ
easat-10682	180	32	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	180	33	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	180	34	trained	train	VERB
easat-10682	180	35	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	180	36	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	180	37	the	the	DET
easat-10682	180	38	second	second	ADJ
easat-10682	180	39	stage	stage	NOUN
easat-10682	180	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	180	41	the	the	DET
easat-10682	180	42	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	180	43	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	180	44	level	level	NOUN
easat-10682	180	45	convolution	convolution	NOUN
easat-10682	180	46	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	180	47	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	180	48	unfrozen	unfrozen	ADJ
easat-10682	180	49	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	180	50	fine	fine	ADV
easat-10682	180	51	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	180	52	tuning	tuning	NOUN
easat-10682	180	53	to	to	PART
easat-10682	180	54	utilize	utilize	VERB
easat-10682	180	55	the	the	DET
easat-10682	180	56	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-10682	180	57	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	180	58	the	the	DET
easat-10682	180	59	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-10682	180	60	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	180	61	trained	train	VERB
easat-10682	180	62	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	180	63	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	180	64	the	the	DET
easat-10682	180	65	target	target	NOUN
easat-10682	180	66	task	task	NOUN
easat-10682	180	67	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	180	68	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	181	1	2.3	2.3	NUM
easat-10682	181	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	182	1	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-10682	182	2	setup	setup	NOUN
easat-10682	182	3	2.3.1	2.3.1	NUM
easat-10682	182	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	182	5	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	182	6	division	division	NOUN
easat-10682	182	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	182	8	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	182	9	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	182	10	divided	divide	VERB
easat-10682	182	11	into	into	ADP
easat-10682	182	12	a	a	DET
easat-10682	182	13	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	182	14	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	182	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	182	16	a	a	DET
easat-10682	182	17	test	test	NOUN
easat-10682	182	18	set	set	VERB
easat-10682	182	19	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	182	20	an	an	DET
easat-10682	182	21	80:20	80:20	NUM
easat-10682	182	22	ratio	ratio	NOUN
easat-10682	182	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	182	24	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-10682	182	25	a	a	DET
easat-10682	182	26	balanced	balanced	ADJ
easat-10682	182	27	allocation	allocation	NOUN
easat-10682	182	28	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	182	29	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	182	30	development	development	NOUN
easat-10682	182	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	182	32	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	182	33	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-10682	182	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	183	1	to	to	PART
easat-10682	183	2	further	far	ADV
easat-10682	183	3	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-10682	183	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	183	5	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-10682	183	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	183	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	183	8	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	183	9	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	183	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	183	11	a	a	DET
easat-10682	183	12	5	5	NUM
easat-10682	183	13	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	183	14	fold	fold	ADJ
easat-10682	183	15	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-10682	183	16	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	183	17	validation	validation	ADJ
easat-10682	183	18	technique	technique	NOUN
easat-10682	183	19	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	183	20	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	183	21	within	within	ADP
easat-10682	183	22	the	the	DET
easat-10682	183	23	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	183	24	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	183	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	184	1	2.3.2	2.3.2	X
easat-10682	184	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	184	3	comparative	comparative	ADJ
easat-10682	184	4	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-10682	184	5	design	design	NOUN
easat-10682	184	6	to	to	PART
easat-10682	184	7	comprehensively	comprehensively	ADV
easat-10682	184	8	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-10682	184	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	184	10	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	184	11	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	184	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	184	13	this	this	DET
easat-10682	184	14	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	184	15	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-10682	184	16	comparative	comparative	ADJ
easat-10682	184	17	experiments	experiment	NOUN
easat-10682	184	18	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	184	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	184	20	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	184	21	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	184	22	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	184	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	185	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	185	2	input	input	NOUN
easat-10682	185	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	185	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	185	5	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	185	6	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	185	7	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	185	8	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	185	9	a	a	DET
easat-10682	185	10	manually	manually	ADV
easat-10682	185	11	extracted	extract	VERB
easat-10682	185	12	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	185	13	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-10682	185	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	185	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	185	16	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	185	17	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-10682	185	18	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	185	19	a	a	DET
easat-10682	185	20	single	single	ADJ
easat-10682	185	21	hidden	hide	VERB
easat-10682	185	22	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	185	23	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-10682	185	24	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	185	25	layer	layer	ADJ
easat-10682	185	26	perceptron	perceptron	NOUN
easat-10682	185	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	185	28	mlp	mlp	PROPN
easat-10682	185	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	185	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	185	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	185	32	the	the	DET
easat-10682	185	33	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-10682	185	34	function	function	NOUN
easat-10682	185	35	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	185	36	relu	relu	NOUN
easat-10682	185	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	186	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	186	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-10682	186	3	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	186	4	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10682	186	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	186	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	186	7	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	186	8	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	186	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	186	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	186	11	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	186	12	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	186	13	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	186	14	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	186	15	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-10682	186	16	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10682	186	17	than	than	ADP
easat-10682	186	18	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	186	19	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	186	20	the	the	DET
easat-10682	186	21	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	186	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	186	23	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	186	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	186	25	especially	especially	ADV
easat-10682	186	26	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	186	27	highdimensional	highdimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	186	28	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	186	29	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	186	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	186	31	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	186	32	pattern	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	186	33	recognition	recognition	NOUN
easat-10682	186	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	187	1	3	3	X
easat-10682	187	2	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	187	3	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	187	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	187	5	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-10682	187	6	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	187	7	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	187	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	187	9	rules	rule	NOUN
easat-10682	187	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	187	11	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	187	12	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	187	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	187	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	187	15	developed	develop	VERB
easat-10682	187	16	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	187	17	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	187	18	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	187	19	outperformed	outperform	VERB
easat-10682	187	20	other	other	ADJ
easat-10682	187	21	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	187	22	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	187	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	187	24	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	187	25	defective	defective	ADJ
easat-10682	187	26	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	187	27	task	task	NOUN
easat-10682	187	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	188	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	188	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	188	3	's	's	PART
easat-10682	188	4	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	188	5	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-10682	188	6	test	test	NOUN
easat-10682	188	7	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	188	8	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	188	9	was	be	AUX
easat-10682	188	10	96	96	NUM
easat-10682	188	11	%	%	NOUN
easat-10682	188	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	188	13	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	188	14	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	188	15	much	much	ADV
easat-10682	188	16	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10682	188	17	than	than	ADP
easat-10682	188	18	a	a	DET
easat-10682	188	19	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	188	20	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	188	21	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	188	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	188	23	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10682	188	24	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	188	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	188	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	188	27	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	188	28	55	55	NUM
easat-10682	188	29	%	%	NOUN
easat-10682	188	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	189	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	189	2	remarkable	remarkable	ADJ
easat-10682	189	3	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-10682	189	4	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	189	5	attributable	attributable	ADJ
easat-10682	189	6	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	189	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	189	8	fact	fact	NOUN
easat-10682	189	9	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	189	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	189	11	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	189	12	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	189	13	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	189	14	extract	extract	VERB
easat-10682	189	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	189	16	utilize	utilize	VERB
easat-10682	189	17	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	189	18	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	189	19	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	189	20	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	189	21	more	more	ADV
easat-10682	189	22	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
easat-10682	189	23	than	than	ADP
easat-10682	189	24	the	the	DET
easat-10682	189	25	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	189	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	190	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	190	2	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10682	190	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	190	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	190	5	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	190	6	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	190	7	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	190	8	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	190	9	confirmed	confirm	VERB
easat-10682	190	10	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	190	11	a	a	DET
easat-10682	190	12	thorough	thorough	ADJ
easat-10682	190	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10682	190	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	190	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	190	16	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	190	17	report	report	NOUN
easat-10682	190	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	190	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	190	20	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	190	21	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	190	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	191	1	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	191	2	most	most	ADJ
easat-10682	191	3	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	191	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	191	5	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	191	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	191	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	191	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	191	9	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
easat-10682	191	10	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	191	11	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-10682	191	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	191	13	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-10682	191	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	191	15	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	191	16	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	191	17	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-10682	191	18	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-10682	191	19	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	191	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	192	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	192	2	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10682	192	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	192	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	192	5	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	192	6	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	192	7	not	not	PART
easat-10682	192	8	only	only	ADV
easat-10682	192	9	accurately	accurately	ADV
easat-10682	192	10	classifies	classify	VERB
easat-10682	192	11	common	common	ADJ
easat-10682	192	12	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	192	13	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	192	14	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10682	192	15	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	192	16	performs	perform	VERB
easat-10682	192	17	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-10682	192	18	across	across	ADP
easat-10682	192	19	various	various	ADJ
easat-10682	192	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	192	21	challenging	challenging	ADJ
easat-10682	192	22	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	192	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	193	1	1494	1494	NUM
easat-10682	193	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	193	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	193	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	193	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	193	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	193	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	193	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	193	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	193	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	193	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	193	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	193	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	194	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	194	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	194	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	194	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	194	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	194	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	194	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	194	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	194	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	194	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	194	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	194	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	194	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	194	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	194	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	194	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	195	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	195	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	195	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	195	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	195	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	195	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	195	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	195	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	195	9	gate	gate	VERB
easat-10682	195	10	more	more	ADV
easat-10682	195	11	specifically	specifically	ADV
easat-10682	195	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	195	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	195	14	difference	difference	NOUN
easat-10682	195	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	195	16	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	195	17	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	195	18	the	the	DET
easat-10682	195	19	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	195	20	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	195	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	195	22	the	the	DET
easat-10682	195	23	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	195	24	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	195	25	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	195	26	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	195	27	quite	quite	ADV
easat-10682	195	28	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-10682	195	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	195	30	especially	especially	ADV
easat-10682	195	31	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	195	32	classifying	classify	VERB
easat-10682	195	33	the	the	DET
easat-10682	195	34	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	195	35	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	195	36	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	195	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	196	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	196	2	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10682	196	3	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	196	4	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	196	5	like	like	ADP
easat-10682	196	6	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	196	7	holes	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	196	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	196	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	196	10	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	196	11	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	196	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	196	13	was	be	AUX
easat-10682	196	14	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
easat-10682	196	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	196	16	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10682	196	17	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	196	18	was	be	AUX
easat-10682	196	19	very	very	ADV
easat-10682	196	20	poor	poor	ADJ
easat-10682	196	21	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	196	22	more	more	ADJ
easat-10682	196	23	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	196	24	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	196	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	196	26	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	196	27	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	196	28	burrs	burrs	NOUN
easat-10682	196	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	196	30	spurious_copper	spurious_copper	NOUN
easat-10682	196	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	197	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	197	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	197	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	197	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	197	5	inherent	inherent	ADJ
easat-10682	197	6	constraint	constraint	NOUN
easat-10682	197	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	197	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	197	9	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	197	10	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	197	11	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	197	12	’s	’s	PART
easat-10682	197	13	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	197	14	to	to	PART
easat-10682	197	15	extract	extract	VERB
easat-10682	197	16	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	197	17	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	197	18	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	197	19	not	not	PART
easat-10682	197	20	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	197	21	distinguished	distinguish	VERB
easat-10682	197	22	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	197	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	197	24	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	197	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	197	26	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	197	27	not	not	PART
easat-10682	197	28	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
easat-10682	197	29	describe	describe	VERB
easat-10682	197	30	the	the	DET
easat-10682	197	31	complicated	complicated	ADJ
easat-10682	197	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	197	33	high	high	ADV
easat-10682	197	34	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	197	35	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	197	36	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	197	37	necessary	necessary	ADJ
easat-10682	197	38	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	197	39	discriminating	discriminate	VERB
easat-10682	197	40	intricately	intricately	ADV
easat-10682	197	41	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	197	42	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	197	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	198	1	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
easat-10682	198	2	the	the	DET
easat-10682	198	3	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	198	4	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	198	5	leverages	leverage	VERB
easat-10682	198	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	198	7	fact	fact	NOUN
easat-10682	198	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	198	9	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	198	10	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	198	11	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	198	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	198	13	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	198	14	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	198	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	198	16	task	task	NOUN
easat-10682	198	17	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	198	18	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-10682	198	19	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
easat-10682	198	20	brought	bring	VERB
easat-10682	198	21	about	about	ADP
easat-10682	198	22	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	198	23	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	198	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	198	25	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	198	26	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	198	27	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10682	198	28	concurrent	concurrent	ADJ
easat-10682	198	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	199	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	199	2	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	199	3	able	able	ADJ
easat-10682	199	4	to	to	PART
easat-10682	199	5	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-10682	199	6	detect	detect	VERB
easat-10682	199	7	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10682	199	8	as	as	ADV
easat-10682	199	9	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	199	10	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	199	11	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	199	12	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	199	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	199	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	199	15	thus	thus	ADV
easat-10682	199	16	offers	offer	VERB
easat-10682	199	17	a	a	DET
easat-10682	199	18	more	more	ADV
easat-10682	199	19	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-10682	199	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	199	21	better	well	ADJ
easat-10682	199	22	solution	solution	NOUN
easat-10682	199	23	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	199	24	the	the	DET
easat-10682	199	25	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-10682	199	26	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	199	27	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	199	28	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	199	29	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	199	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	200	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	200	2	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10682	200	3	significance	significance	NOUN
easat-10682	200	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	200	5	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	200	6	relevance	relevance	NOUN
easat-10682	200	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	200	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	200	9	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	200	10	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	200	11	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	200	12	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-10682	200	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	200	14	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	200	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	200	16	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	200	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	200	18	automatic	automatic	ADJ
easat-10682	200	19	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-10682	200	20	control	control	NOUN
easat-10682	200	21	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10682	200	22	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	200	23	reflected	reflect	VERB
easat-10682	200	24	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	200	25	these	these	DET
easat-10682	200	26	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	200	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	201	1	3.1	3.1	NUM
easat-10682	201	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	201	3	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	201	4	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	201	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	201	6	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	201	7	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	201	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	201	9	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	201	10	per	per	ADP
easat-10682	201	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	201	12	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	201	13	report	report	NOUN
easat-10682	201	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	201	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	201	16	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	201	17	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	201	18	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10682	201	19	a	a	DET
easat-10682	201	20	very	very	ADV
easat-10682	201	21	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-10682	201	22	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	201	23	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	201	24	terms	term	NOUN
easat-10682	201	25	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	201	26	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-10682	201	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	201	28	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-10682	201	29	across	across	ADP
easat-10682	201	30	the	the	DET
easat-10682	201	31	six	six	NUM
easat-10682	201	32	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	201	33	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	201	34	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	201	35	the	the	DET
easat-10682	201	36	test	test	NOUN
easat-10682	201	37	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	201	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	202	1	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	202	2	f1	f1	ADJ
easat-10682	202	3	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	202	4	reflects	reflect	VERB
easat-10682	202	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	202	6	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-10682	202	7	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-10682	202	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	202	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	202	10	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	202	11	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	202	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	202	13	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	202	14	task	task	NOUN
easat-10682	202	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	202	16	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10682	202	17	analyzed	analyze	VERB
easat-10682	202	18	below	below	ADV
easat-10682	202	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	202	20	1	1	X
easat-10682	202	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	202	22	the	the	DET
easat-10682	202	23	f1	f1	PROPN
easat-10682	202	24	value	value	NOUN
easat-10682	202	25	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	202	26	the	the	DET
easat-10682	202	27	missing_hole	missing_hole	PROPN
easat-10682	202	28	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	202	29	defect	defect	VERB
easat-10682	202	30	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	202	31	spot	spot	NOUN
easat-10682	202	32	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	202	33	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	202	34	at	at	ADP
easat-10682	202	35	1.00	1.00	NUM
easat-10682	202	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	202	37	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	202	38	the	the	DET
easat-10682	202	39	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	202	40	achieves	achieve	VERB
easat-10682	202	41	errorless	errorless	ADJ
easat-10682	202	42	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	202	43	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	202	44	every	every	DET
easat-10682	202	45	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	202	46	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	202	47	this	this	DET
easat-10682	202	48	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	202	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	203	1	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	203	2	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	203	3	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	203	4	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	203	5	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	203	6	crisp	crisp	ADJ
easat-10682	203	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	203	8	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	203	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	203	10	defined	define	VERB
easat-10682	203	11	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	203	12	belonging	belong	VERB
easat-10682	203	13	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	203	14	missing_hole	missing_hole	PROPN
easat-10682	203	15	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	203	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	203	17	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	203	18	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	203	19	defined	define	VERB
easat-10682	203	20	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
easat-10682	203	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	203	22	very	very	ADV
easat-10682	203	23	distinguishable	distinguishable	ADJ
easat-10682	203	24	appearances	appearance	NOUN
easat-10682	203	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	204	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-10682	204	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	204	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	204	4	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	204	5	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	204	6	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	204	7	a	a	DET
easat-10682	204	8	good	good	ADJ
easat-10682	204	9	amount	amount	NOUN
easat-10682	204	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	204	11	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	204	12	support	support	NOUN
easat-10682	204	13	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	204	14	this	this	DET
easat-10682	204	15	type	type	NOUN
easat-10682	204	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	204	17	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	204	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	204	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	204	20	the	the	DET
easat-10682	204	21	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	204	22	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	204	23	enough	enough	ADJ
easat-10682	204	24	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	204	25	to	to	PART
easat-10682	204	26	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	204	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	204	28	generalize	generalize	VERB
easat-10682	204	29	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	204	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	205	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	205	2	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-10682	205	3	contribute	contribute	VERB
easat-10682	205	4	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	205	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	205	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	205	7	classifying	classify	VERB
easat-10682	205	8	missing_hole	missing_hole	PROPN
easat-10682	205	9	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	205	10	perfectly	perfectly	ADV
easat-10682	205	11	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	205	12	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	205	13	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-10682	205	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	205	15	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-10682	205	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	206	1	2	2	X
easat-10682	206	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	206	3	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	206	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	206	5	mouse_bite	mouse_bite	NOUN
easat-10682	206	6	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	206	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	206	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	206	9	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	206	10	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	206	11	a	a	DET
easat-10682	206	12	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-10682	206	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	206	14	0.91	0.91	NUM
easat-10682	206	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	206	16	a	a	DET
easat-10682	206	17	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-10682	206	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	206	19	0.98	0.98	NUM
easat-10682	206	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	206	21	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	206	22	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	206	23	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	206	24	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	206	25	strongly	strongly	ADV
easat-10682	206	26	identify	identify	VERB
easat-10682	206	27	these	these	DET
easat-10682	206	28	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	206	29	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	206	30	few	few	ADJ
easat-10682	206	31	false	false	ADJ
easat-10682	206	32	negatives	negative	NOUN
easat-10682	206	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	207	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
easat-10682	207	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	207	3	a	a	DET
easat-10682	207	4	few	few	ADJ
easat-10682	207	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	207	6	these	these	DET
easat-10682	207	7	false	false	ADJ
easat-10682	207	8	positives	positive	NOUN
easat-10682	207	9	appear	appear	VERB
easat-10682	207	10	to	to	PART
easat-10682	207	11	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	207	12	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	207	13	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	207	14	similarities	similarity	NOUN
easat-10682	207	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	207	16	local	local	ADJ
easat-10682	207	17	edge	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	207	18	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	207	19	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	207	20	mouse_bite	mouse_bite	NOUN
easat-10682	207	21	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	207	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	207	23	other	other	ADJ
easat-10682	207	24	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	207	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	207	26	like	like	ADP
easat-10682	207	27	burrs	burrs	NOUN
easat-10682	207	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	208	1	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10682	208	2	these	these	DET
easat-10682	208	3	similarities	similarity	NOUN
easat-10682	208	4	exist	exist	VERB
easat-10682	208	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	208	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	208	7	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	208	8	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	208	9	misclassify	misclassify	VERB
easat-10682	208	10	some	some	DET
easat-10682	208	11	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	208	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	209	1	overall	overall	ADV
easat-10682	209	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	209	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	209	4	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	209	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	209	6	quite	quite	ADV
easat-10682	209	7	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	209	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	210	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10682	210	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	210	3	should	should	AUX
easat-10682	210	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	210	5	false	false	ADJ
easat-10682	210	6	positives	positive	NOUN
easat-10682	210	7	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	210	8	addressed	address	VERB
easat-10682	210	9	through	through	ADP
easat-10682	210	10	enhanced	enhance	VERB
easat-10682	210	11	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	210	12	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
easat-10682	210	13	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	210	14	improved	improve	VERB
easat-10682	210	15	edge	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	210	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	210	17	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	210	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	210	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	210	20	the	the	DET
easat-10682	210	21	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	210	22	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	210	23	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	210	24	improved	improve	VERB
easat-10682	210	25	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	210	26	this	this	DET
easat-10682	210	27	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	210	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	211	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	211	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	211	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	211	4	able	able	ADJ
easat-10682	211	5	to	to	PART
easat-10682	211	6	achieve	achieve	VERB
easat-10682	211	7	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-10682	211	8	scores	score	NOUN
easat-10682	211	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	211	10	0.98	0.98	NUM
easat-10682	211	11	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	211	12	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10682	211	13	open_circuit	open_circuit	ADJ
easat-10682	211	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	211	15	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	211	16	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	211	17	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	211	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	211	19	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	211	20	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	211	21	the	the	DET
easat-10682	211	22	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	211	23	’s	’s	PART
easat-10682	211	24	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10682	211	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	211	26	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-10682	211	27	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	211	28	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	211	29	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	211	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	212	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	212	2	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	212	3	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	212	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	212	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	212	6	likely	likely	ADJ
easat-10682	212	7	to	to	PART
easat-10682	212	8	perform	perform	VERB
easat-10682	212	9	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	212	10	due	due	ADP
easat-10682	212	11	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	212	12	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	212	13	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	212	14	to	to	PART
easat-10682	212	15	accurately	accurately	ADV
easat-10682	212	16	capture	capture	VERB
easat-10682	212	17	localized	localized	ADJ
easat-10682	212	18	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	212	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	212	20	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	212	21	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	212	22	breakpoints	breakpoint	NOUN
easat-10682	212	23	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	212	24	opencircuit	opencircuit	NOUN
easat-10682	212	25	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	212	26	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	212	27	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	212	28	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	212	29	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	212	30	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-10682	212	31	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	212	32	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	212	33	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	212	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	213	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	213	2	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-10682	213	3	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	213	4	enable	enable	VERB
easat-10682	213	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	213	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	213	7	to	to	PART
easat-10682	213	8	maintain	maintain	VERB
easat-10682	213	9	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-10682	213	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	213	11	steady	steady	ADJ
easat-10682	213	12	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	213	13	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	213	14	both	both	DET
easat-10682	213	15	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	213	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	213	17	even	even	ADV
easat-10682	213	18	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	213	19	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	213	20	cases	case	NOUN
easat-10682	213	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	214	1	4	4	X
easat-10682	214	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	215	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	215	2	spur	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	215	3	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-10682	215	4	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	215	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	215	6	0.91	0.91	NUM
easat-10682	215	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	215	8	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	215	9	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	215	10	slightly	slightly	ADV
easat-10682	215	11	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10682	215	12	than	than	ADP
easat-10682	215	13	other	other	ADJ
easat-10682	215	14	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	215	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	216	1	we	we	PRON
easat-10682	216	2	further	far	ADV
easat-10682	216	3	analyzed	analyze	VERB
easat-10682	216	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	216	5	spur	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	216	6	defect	defect	VERB
easat-10682	216	7	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	216	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	216	9	found	find	VERB
easat-10682	216	10	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	216	11	some	some	PRON
easat-10682	216	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	216	13	them	they	PRON
easat-10682	216	14	had	have	VERB
easat-10682	216	15	a	a	DET
easat-10682	216	16	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-10682	216	17	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	216	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	216	19	0.85	0.85	NUM
easat-10682	216	20	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	216	21	fuzzy	fuzzy	ADJ
easat-10682	216	22	morphology	morphology	NOUN
easat-10682	216	23	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	216	24	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	216	25	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	216	26	partial	partial	ADJ
easat-10682	216	27	overlap	overlap	NOUN
easat-10682	216	28	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	216	29	mouse_bite	mouse_bite	PROPN
easat-10682	216	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	217	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	217	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	217	3	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	217	4	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	217	5	further	far	ADV
easat-10682	217	6	improved	improve	VERB
easat-10682	217	7	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	217	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	217	9	future	future	NOUN
easat-10682	217	10	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	217	11	terms	term	NOUN
easat-10682	217	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	217	13	recognition	recognition	NOUN
easat-10682	217	14	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	217	15	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	217	16	this	this	DET
easat-10682	217	17	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	217	18	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	217	19	increasing	increase	VERB
easat-10682	217	20	the	the	DET
easat-10682	217	21	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-10682	217	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	217	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	217	24	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	217	25	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	217	26	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	217	27	optimizing	optimize	VERB
easat-10682	217	28	the	the	DET
easat-10682	217	29	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	217	30	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	217	31	module	module	NOUN
easat-10682	217	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	218	1	5	5	X
easat-10682	218	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	218	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	218	4	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	218	5	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	218	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	218	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	218	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	218	9	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	218	10	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10682	218	11	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	218	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	218	13	fact	fact	NOUN
easat-10682	218	14	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	218	15	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	218	16	achieves	achieve	VERB
easat-10682	218	17	an	an	DET
easat-10682	218	18	f1	f1	ADJ
easat-10682	218	19	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	218	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	218	21	0.97	0.97	NUM
easat-10682	218	22	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	218	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	218	24	spurious_copper	spurious_copper	NOUN
easat-10682	218	25	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	218	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	219	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
easat-10682	219	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	219	3	there	there	PRON
easat-10682	219	4	are	be	VERB
easat-10682	219	5	still	still	ADV
easat-10682	219	6	a	a	DET
easat-10682	219	7	few	few	ADJ
easat-10682	219	8	misclassifications	misclassification	NOUN
easat-10682	219	9	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	219	10	might	might	AUX
easat-10682	219	11	occur	occur	VERB
easat-10682	219	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	219	13	possibly	possibly	ADV
easat-10682	219	14	because	because	SCONJ
easat-10682	219	15	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	219	16	overlaps	overlap	NOUN
easat-10682	219	17	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	219	18	other	other	ADJ
easat-10682	219	19	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	219	20	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	219	21	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	219	22	noise	noise	NOUN
easat-10682	219	23	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	219	24	the	the	DET
easat-10682	219	25	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	219	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	220	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	220	2	minor	minor	ADJ
easat-10682	220	3	errors	error	NOUN
easat-10682	220	4	do	do	AUX
easat-10682	220	5	not	not	PART
easat-10682	220	6	impact	impact	VERB
easat-10682	220	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	220	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	220	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	220	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	220	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	220	12	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	220	13	identifying	identify	VERB
easat-10682	220	14	spurious_copper	spurious_copper	NOUN
easat-10682	220	15	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	220	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	221	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	221	2	corresponding	correspond	VERB
easat-10682	221	3	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	221	4	capabilities	capability	NOUN
easat-10682	221	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	221	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	221	7	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	221	8	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	221	9	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	221	10	further	far	ADV
easat-10682	221	11	refined	refine	VERB
easat-10682	221	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	221	13	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	221	14	example	example	NOUN
easat-10682	221	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	221	16	through	through	ADP
easat-10682	221	17	more	more	ADV
easat-10682	221	18	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
easat-10682	221	19	regularization	regularization	NOUN
easat-10682	221	20	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10682	221	21	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	221	22	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	221	23	augmenting	augment	VERB
easat-10682	221	24	the	the	DET
easat-10682	221	25	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	221	26	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	221	27	to	to	PART
easat-10682	221	28	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
easat-10682	221	29	these	these	DET
easat-10682	221	30	remaining	remain	VERB
easat-10682	221	31	misclassifications	misclassification	NOUN
easat-10682	221	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	222	1	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	222	2	a	a	DET
easat-10682	222	3	macro	macro	NOUN
easat-10682	222	4	-	-	NOUN
easat-10682	222	5	indicator	indicator	NOUN
easat-10682	222	6	perspective	perspective	NOUN
easat-10682	222	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	222	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	222	9	weighted	weight	VERB
easat-10682	222	10	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	222	11	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	222	12	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	222	13	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	222	14	an	an	DET
easat-10682	222	15	average	average	ADJ
easat-10682	222	16	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-10682	222	17	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	222	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	222	19	0.96	0.96	NUM
easat-10682	222	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	222	21	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	222	22	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	222	23	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	222	24	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	222	25	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	222	26	still	still	ADV
easat-10682	222	27	perform	perform	VERB
easat-10682	222	28	excellent	excellent	ADJ
easat-10682	222	29	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	222	30	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	222	31	a	a	DET
easat-10682	222	32	class	class	NOUN
easat-10682	222	33	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	222	34	imbalanced	imbalance	VERB
easat-10682	222	35	1495	1495	NUM
easat-10682	222	36	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	222	37	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	222	38	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	222	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	222	40	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	222	41	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	222	42	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	222	43	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	222	44	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	222	45	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	222	46	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	222	47	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	223	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	223	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	223	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	223	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	223	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	223	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	223	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	223	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	223	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	223	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	223	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	223	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	223	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	223	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	223	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	223	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	224	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	224	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	224	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	224	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	224	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	224	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	224	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	224	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	224	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	224	10	dataset	dataset	PROPN
easat-10682	224	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	225	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	225	2	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-10682	225	3	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10682	225	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	225	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	225	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	225	7	stems	stem	VERB
easat-10682	225	8	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	225	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	225	10	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-10682	225	11	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	225	12	training	training	ADJ
easat-10682	225	13	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	225	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	225	15	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	225	16	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	225	17	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-10682	225	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	225	19	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	225	20	enables	enable	VERB
easat-10682	225	21	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	225	22	to	to	PART
easat-10682	225	23	achieve	achieve	VERB
easat-10682	225	24	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-10682	225	25	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	225	26	expression	expression	NOUN
easat-10682	225	27	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	225	28	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-10682	225	29	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	225	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	226	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	226	2	2	2	NUM
easat-10682	226	3	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	226	4	partial	partial	ADJ
easat-10682	226	5	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-10682	226	6	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	226	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	226	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	226	9	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	226	10	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	226	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	226	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	227	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	227	2	2	2	NUM
easat-10682	227	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	227	4	partial	partial	ADJ
easat-10682	227	5	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-10682	227	6	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	227	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	227	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	227	9	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	227	10	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	227	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	227	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	228	1	3.2	3.2	NUM
easat-10682	228	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	229	1	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	229	2	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	229	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	229	4	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	229	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	229	6	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	229	7	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	229	8	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-10682	229	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	229	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	229	11	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	229	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	229	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	229	14	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	229	15	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	229	16	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	229	17	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	229	18	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	229	19	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	229	20	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	229	21	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	229	22	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-10682	229	23	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
easat-10682	229	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	230	1	although	although	SCONJ
easat-10682	230	2	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	230	3	performs	perform	VERB
easat-10682	230	4	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	230	5	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	230	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	230	7	missing_hole	missing_hole	PROPN
easat-10682	230	8	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	230	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	230	10	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-10682	230	11	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	230	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	230	13	0.99	0.99	NUM
easat-10682	230	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	230	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	230	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	230	17	f1	f1	PROPN
easat-10682	230	18	scores	score	NOUN
easat-10682	230	19	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	230	20	other	other	ADJ
easat-10682	230	21	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	230	22	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	230	23	below	below	ADP
easat-10682	230	24	0.70	0.70	NUM
easat-10682	230	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	230	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	230	27	even	even	ADV
easat-10682	230	28	open_circuit	open_circuit	ADJ
easat-10682	230	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	230	30	spur	spur	VERB
easat-10682	230	31	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	230	32	close	close	ADJ
easat-10682	230	33	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	230	34	0	0	NUM
easat-10682	230	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	230	36	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-10682	230	37	the	the	DET
easat-10682	230	38	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-10682	230	39	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	230	40	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	230	41	the	the	DET
easat-10682	230	42	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	230	43	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	230	44	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	230	45	to	to	PART
easat-10682	230	46	capture	capture	VERB
easat-10682	230	47	high	high	ADV
easat-10682	230	48	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	230	49	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	230	50	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	230	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	231	1	3.2.1	3.2.1	X
easat-10682	231	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	232	1	judging	judge	VERB
easat-10682	232	2	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	232	3	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-10682	232	4	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	232	5	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	232	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	233	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	233	2	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-10682	233	3	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	233	4	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	233	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	233	6	mouse_bite	mouse_bite	NOUN
easat-10682	233	7	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	233	8	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	233	9	reaches	reach	VERB
easat-10682	233	10	0.91	0.91	NUM
easat-10682	233	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	233	12	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-10682	233	13	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	233	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	233	15	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	233	16	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	233	17	network	network	PROPN
easat-10682	233	18	successfully	successfully	ADV
easat-10682	233	19	identifies	identify	VERB
easat-10682	233	20	most	most	ADJ
easat-10682	233	21	instances	instance	NOUN
easat-10682	233	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	233	23	this	this	DET
easat-10682	233	24	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	233	25	type	type	NOUN
easat-10682	233	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	234	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
easat-10682	234	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	234	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	234	4	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-10682	234	5	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	234	6	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	234	7	only	only	ADV
easat-10682	234	8	0.46	0.46	NUM
easat-10682	234	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	234	10	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	234	11	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	234	12	a	a	DET
easat-10682	234	13	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	234	14	false	false	ADJ
easat-10682	234	15	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-10682	234	16	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	234	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	235	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	235	2	imbalance	imbalance	NOUN
easat-10682	235	3	here	here	ADV
easat-10682	235	4	implies	imply	VERB
easat-10682	235	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	235	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	235	7	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	235	8	overpredicts	overpredict	VERB
easat-10682	235	9	this	this	DET
easat-10682	235	10	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	235	11	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	235	12	misclassifying	misclassifye	VERB
easat-10682	235	13	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	235	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	235	15	other	other	ADJ
easat-10682	235	16	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	235	17	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	235	18	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	235	19	mouse_bite	mouse_bite	PROPN
easat-10682	235	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	236	1	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	236	2	overprediction	overprediction	NOUN
easat-10682	236	3	may	may	AUX
easat-10682	236	4	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	236	5	a	a	DET
easat-10682	236	6	result	result	NOUN
easat-10682	236	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	236	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	236	9	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	236	10	being	be	AUX
easat-10682	236	11	unable	unable	ADJ
easat-10682	236	12	to	to	PART
easat-10682	236	13	perform	perform	VERB
easat-10682	236	14	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	236	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	236	16	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
easat-10682	236	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	236	18	subtle	subtle	ADJ
easat-10682	236	19	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	236	20	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	236	21	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
easat-10682	236	22	mouse_bite	mouse_bite	NOUN
easat-10682	236	23	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	236	24	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	236	25	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	236	26	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-10682	236	27	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	236	28	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	236	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	236	30	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-10682	236	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	236	32	spur	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	236	33	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	236	34	burrs	burr	NOUN
easat-10682	236	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	237	1	both	both	CCONJ
easat-10682	237	2	the	the	DET
easat-10682	237	3	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	237	4	false	false	ADJ
easat-10682	237	5	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	237	6	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	237	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	237	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	237	9	poor	poor	ADJ
easat-10682	237	10	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	237	11	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	237	12	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	237	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	237	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	237	15	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	237	16	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	237	17	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	237	18	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-10682	237	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	237	20	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	237	21	's	's	PART
easat-10682	237	22	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-10682	237	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	237	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	237	25	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-10682	237	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	237	27	the	the	DET
easat-10682	237	28	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	237	29	should	should	AUX
easat-10682	237	30	not	not	PART
easat-10682	237	31	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	237	32	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	237	33	if	if	SCONJ
easat-10682	237	34	the	the	DET
easat-10682	237	35	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	237	36	false	false	ADJ
easat-10682	237	37	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	237	38	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	237	39	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	237	40	not	not	PART
easat-10682	237	41	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	237	42	reduced	reduce	VERB
easat-10682	237	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	238	1	2	2	X
easat-10682	238	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	238	3	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10682	238	4	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	238	5	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	238	6	seen	see	VERB
easat-10682	238	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	238	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	238	9	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	238	10	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	238	11	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	238	12	almost	almost	ADV
easat-10682	238	13	completely	completely	ADV
easat-10682	238	14	fails	fail	VERB
easat-10682	238	15	to	to	PART
easat-10682	238	16	classify	classify	VERB
easat-10682	238	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	238	18	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	238	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	238	20	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	238	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	238	22	spur	spur	VERB
easat-10682	238	23	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	238	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	238	25	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	238	26	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	238	27	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	238	28	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	238	29	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	238	30	not	not	PART
easat-10682	238	31	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10682	238	32	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	238	33	these	these	DET
easat-10682	238	34	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	238	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	239	1	often	often	ADV
easat-10682	239	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	239	3	these	these	DET
easat-10682	239	4	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	239	5	present	present	ADJ
easat-10682	239	6	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	239	7	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	239	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	239	9	variable	variable	ADJ
easat-10682	239	10	morphological	morphological	ADJ
easat-10682	239	11	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	239	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	239	13	requiring	require	VERB
easat-10682	239	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	239	15	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	239	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	239	17	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	239	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	239	19	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	239	20	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	239	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	239	22	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	239	23	tend	tend	VERB
easat-10682	239	24	to	to	PART
easat-10682	239	25	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	239	26	unmanageable	unmanageable	ADJ
easat-10682	239	27	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	239	28	the	the	DET
easat-10682	239	29	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	239	30	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	239	31	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	239	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	240	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	240	2	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	240	3	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	240	4	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10682	240	5	intricate	intricate	ADJ
easat-10682	240	6	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	240	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	240	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	240	9	single	single	ADJ
easat-10682	240	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	240	11	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	240	12	perceptron	perceptron	NOUN
easat-10682	240	13	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	240	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	240	15	manually	manually	ADV
easat-10682	240	16	extracted	extract	VERB
easat-10682	240	17	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	240	18	used	use	VERB
easat-10682	240	19	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	240	20	the	the	DET
easat-10682	240	21	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	240	22	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	240	23	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	240	24	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	240	25	not	not	PART
easat-10682	240	26	capture	capture	VERB
easat-10682	240	27	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	240	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	240	29	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	240	30	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	240	31	why	why	SCONJ
easat-10682	240	32	the	the	DET
easat-10682	240	33	poor	poor	ADJ
easat-10682	240	34	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	240	35	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	240	36	evident	evident	ADJ
easat-10682	240	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	241	1	3	3	X
easat-10682	241	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	241	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	241	4	spurious_copper	spurious_copper	PROPN
easat-10682	241	5	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	241	6	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	241	7	an	an	DET
easat-10682	241	8	f1	f1	ADJ
easat-10682	241	9	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	241	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	241	11	0.46	0.46	NUM
easat-10682	241	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	241	13	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	241	14	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	241	15	very	very	ADV
easat-10682	241	16	close	close	ADJ
easat-10682	241	17	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	241	18	random	random	ADJ
easat-10682	241	19	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	241	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	242	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	242	2	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	242	3	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	242	4	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	242	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	242	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	242	7	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	242	8	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	242	9	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	242	10	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	242	11	not	not	PART
easat-10682	242	12	very	very	ADV
easat-10682	242	13	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-10682	242	14	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	242	15	discriminating	discriminate	VERB
easat-10682	242	16	1496	1496	NUM
easat-10682	242	17	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	242	18	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	242	19	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	242	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	242	21	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	242	22	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	242	23	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	242	24	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	242	25	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	242	26	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	242	27	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	242	28	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	243	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	243	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	243	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	243	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	243	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	243	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	243	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	243	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	243	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	243	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	243	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	243	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	243	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	243	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	243	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	243	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	244	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	244	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	244	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	244	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	244	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	244	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	244	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	244	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	244	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	244	10	spurious_copper	spurious_copper	NOUN
easat-10682	244	11	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	244	12	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	244	13	other	other	ADJ
easat-10682	244	14	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	244	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	245	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10682	245	2	the	the	DET
easat-10682	245	3	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	245	4	may	may	AUX
easat-10682	245	5	have	have	AUX
easat-10682	245	6	learned	learn	VERB
easat-10682	245	7	some	some	DET
easat-10682	245	8	basic	basic	ADJ
easat-10682	245	9	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	245	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	245	11	this	this	DET
easat-10682	245	12	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	245	13	type	type	NOUN
easat-10682	245	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	245	15	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	245	16	does	do	AUX
easat-10682	245	17	not	not	PART
easat-10682	245	18	possess	possess	VERB
easat-10682	245	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	245	20	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10682	245	21	to	to	PART
easat-10682	245	22	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-10682	245	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	245	24	accurately	accurately	ADV
easat-10682	245	25	classify	classify	VERB
easat-10682	245	26	these	these	DET
easat-10682	245	27	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	245	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	245	29	especially	especially	ADV
easat-10682	245	30	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	245	31	the	the	DET
easat-10682	245	32	presence	presence	NOUN
easat-10682	245	33	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	245	34	noise	noise	NOUN
easat-10682	245	35	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	245	36	overlapping	overlap	VERB
easat-10682	245	37	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	245	38	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	245	39	other	other	ADJ
easat-10682	245	40	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	245	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	245	42	thus	thus	ADV
easat-10682	245	43	providing	provide	VERB
easat-10682	245	44	only	only	ADV
easat-10682	245	45	a	a	DET
easat-10682	245	46	slight	slight	ADJ
easat-10682	245	47	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-10682	245	48	over	over	ADP
easat-10682	245	49	random	random	ADJ
easat-10682	245	50	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	245	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	246	1	one	one	NUM
easat-10682	246	2	limitation	limitation	NOUN
easat-10682	246	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	246	4	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	246	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	246	6	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10682	246	7	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	246	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	246	9	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	246	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	246	11	another	another	DET
easat-10682	246	12	proof	proof	NOUN
easat-10682	246	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	246	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	246	15	superiority	superiority	NOUN
easat-10682	246	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	246	17	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	246	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	246	19	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	246	20	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	246	21	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	246	22	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-10682	246	23	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	246	24	reflected	reflect	VERB
easat-10682	246	25	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	246	26	these	these	DET
easat-10682	246	27	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	246	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	247	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	247	2	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	247	3	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	247	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	247	5	performed	perform	VERB
easat-10682	247	6	exceptionally	exceptionally	ADV
easat-10682	247	7	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	247	8	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	247	9	all	all	DET
easat-10682	247	10	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	247	11	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	247	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	247	13	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	247	14	an	an	DET
easat-10682	247	15	average	average	ADJ
easat-10682	247	16	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-10682	247	17	value	value	NOUN
easat-10682	247	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	247	19	0.96	0.96	NUM
easat-10682	247	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	248	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	248	2	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-10682	248	3	perfect	perfect	ADJ
easat-10682	248	4	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	248	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	248	6	especially	especially	ADV
easat-10682	248	7	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	248	8	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10682	248	9	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	248	10	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	248	11	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	248	12	a	a	DET
easat-10682	248	13	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	248	14	hole	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	248	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	248	16	f1=1.00	f1=1.00	NOUN
easat-10682	248	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	248	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	248	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	248	20	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	248	21	performed	perform	VERB
easat-10682	248	22	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	248	23	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	248	24	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	248	25	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	248	26	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	248	27	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	248	28	a	a	DET
easat-10682	248	29	spur	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	248	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	248	31	f1=0.91	f1=0.91	NUM
easat-10682	248	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	248	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	249	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	249	2	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	249	3	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	249	4	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	249	5	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	249	6	limited	limit	VERB
easat-10682	249	7	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-10682	249	8	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	249	9	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10682	249	10	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	249	11	like	like	ADP
easat-10682	249	12	a	a	DET
easat-10682	249	13	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	249	14	hole	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	249	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	249	16	f1=0.61	f1=0.61	NOUN
easat-10682	249	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	249	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	249	19	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	249	20	almost	almost	ADV
easat-10682	249	21	unable	unable	ADJ
easat-10682	249	22	to	to	PART
easat-10682	249	23	classify	classify	VERB
easat-10682	249	24	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	249	25	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	249	26	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	249	27	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	249	28	an	an	DET
easat-10682	249	29	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	249	30	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	249	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	249	32	a	a	DET
easat-10682	249	33	spur	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	249	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	249	35	f1≈0	f1≈0	PROPN
easat-10682	249	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	249	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	250	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	250	2	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	250	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
easat-10682	250	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	250	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	250	6	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	250	7	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	250	8	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	250	9	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-10682	250	10	superior	superior	ADJ
easat-10682	250	11	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	250	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	250	13	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	250	14	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	250	15	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	250	16	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	250	17	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	250	18	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	250	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	250	20	especially	especially	ADV
easat-10682	250	21	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	250	22	obvious	obvious	ADJ
easat-10682	250	23	advantages	advantage	NOUN
easat-10682	250	24	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10682	250	25	dealing	deal	VERB
easat-10682	250	26	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	250	27	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	250	28	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	250	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	251	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	251	2	3	3	NUM
easat-10682	251	3	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	251	4	some	some	DET
easat-10682	251	5	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-10682	251	6	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	251	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	251	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	251	9	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	251	10	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	251	11	network	network	PROPN
easat-10682	251	12	model	model	PROPN
easat-10682	251	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	252	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	252	2	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	252	3	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	252	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	252	5	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10682	252	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	252	7	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	252	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	252	9	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	252	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	252	11	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	252	12	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	252	13	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	252	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	252	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	252	16	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	252	17	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	252	18	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	252	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	253	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	253	2	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	253	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	254	1	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	254	2	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	254	3	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10682	254	4	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	254	5	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	254	6	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	254	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	254	8	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	254	9	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	254	10	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	254	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	255	1	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	255	2	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	255	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10682	255	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	255	5	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-10682	255	6	value	value	NOUN
easat-10682	255	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	255	8	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	255	9	hole	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	255	10	mouse	mouse	NOUN
easat-10682	255	11	bite	bite	VERB
easat-10682	255	12	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	255	13	circuit	circuit	PROPN
easat-10682	255	14	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	255	15	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	255	16	spur	spur	VERB
easat-10682	255	17	spurious	spurious	ADJ
easat-10682	255	18	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	255	19	hybrid	hybrid	NOUN
easat-10682	255	20	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	255	21	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	255	22	1.00	1.00	NUM
easat-10682	255	23	0.94	0.94	NUM
easat-10682	255	24	0.98	0.98	NUM
easat-10682	255	25	0.91	0.91	NUM
easat-10682	255	26	0.97	0.97	NUM
easat-10682	255	27	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	255	28	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	255	29	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	255	30	0.61	0.61	NUM
easat-10682	255	31	not	not	PART
easat-10682	255	32	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10682	255	33	not	not	PART
easat-10682	255	34	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10682	255	35	0.46	0.46	NUM
easat-10682	255	36	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	255	37	3	3	NUM
easat-10682	255	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	255	39	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	255	40	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	255	41	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-10682	255	42	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	255	43	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	255	44	the	the	DET
easat-10682	255	45	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	255	46	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	255	47	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	255	48	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	256	1	1497	1497	NUM
easat-10682	256	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	256	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	256	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	256	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	256	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	256	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	256	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	256	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	256	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	256	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	256	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	256	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	257	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	257	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	257	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	257	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	257	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	257	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	257	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	257	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	257	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	257	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	257	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	257	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	257	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	257	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	257	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	257	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	258	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	258	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	258	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	258	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	258	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	258	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	258	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	258	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	258	9	gate	gate	VERB
easat-10682	258	10	3.3	3.3	NUM
easat-10682	258	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	259	1	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	259	2	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	259	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	259	4	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	259	5	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	259	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	259	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	259	8	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	259	9	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	259	10	provides	provide	VERB
easat-10682	259	11	a	a	DET
easat-10682	259	12	detailed	detailed	ADJ
easat-10682	259	13	insight	insight	NOUN
easat-10682	259	14	into	into	ADP
easat-10682	259	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	259	16	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	259	17	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	259	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	259	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	259	20	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	259	21	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	259	22	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	259	23	across	across	ADP
easat-10682	259	24	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-10682	259	25	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	259	26	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	259	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	259	28	highlighting	highlight	VERB
easat-10682	259	29	both	both	PRON
easat-10682	259	30	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	259	31	strengths	strength	NOUN
easat-10682	259	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	259	33	areas	area	NOUN
easat-10682	259	34	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	259	35	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-10682	259	36	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	260	1	1	1	X
easat-10682	260	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	260	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	260	4	primary	primary	ADJ
easat-10682	260	5	diagonal	diagonal	NOUN
easat-10682	260	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	260	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	260	8	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	260	9	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	260	10	displays	display	NOUN
easat-10682	260	11	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-10682	260	12	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	260	13	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	260	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	260	15	signifying	signify	VERB
easat-10682	260	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	260	17	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	260	18	's	's	PART
easat-10682	260	19	exceptional	exceptional	ADJ
easat-10682	260	20	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	260	21	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	260	22	correctly	correctly	ADV
easat-10682	260	23	classifying	classify	VERB
easat-10682	260	24	the	the	DET
easat-10682	260	25	majority	majority	NOUN
easat-10682	260	26	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	260	27	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	260	28	within	within	ADP
easat-10682	260	29	their	their	PRON
easat-10682	260	30	respective	respective	ADJ
easat-10682	260	31	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	260	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	261	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	261	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-10682	261	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	261	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	261	5	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	261	6	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	261	7	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	261	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	261	9	missing_hole	missing_hole	PROPN
easat-10682	261	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	261	11	spurious_copper	spurious_copper	NOUN
easat-10682	261	12	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	261	13	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	261	14	112	112	NUM
easat-10682	261	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	261	16	96	96	NUM
easat-10682	261	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	261	18	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10682	261	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	261	20	each	each	PRON
easat-10682	261	21	accounting	account	VERB
easat-10682	261	22	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	261	23	100	100	NUM
easat-10682	261	24	%	%	NOUN
easat-10682	261	25	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	261	26	the	the	DET
easat-10682	261	27	total	total	ADJ
easat-10682	261	28	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	261	29	within	within	ADP
easat-10682	261	30	these	these	DET
easat-10682	261	31	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	261	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	262	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	262	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	262	3	confirm	confirm	VERB
easat-10682	262	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	262	5	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	262	6	's	's	PART
easat-10682	262	7	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	262	8	to	to	PART
easat-10682	262	9	reliably	reliably	ADV
easat-10682	262	10	detect	detect	VERB
easat-10682	262	11	certain	certain	ADJ
easat-10682	262	12	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	262	13	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	262	14	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	262	15	absolute	absolute	ADJ
easat-10682	262	16	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	262	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	262	18	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-10682	262	19	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	262	20	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	262	21	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	262	22	distinct	distinct	ADJ
easat-10682	262	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	262	24	easily	easily	ADV
easat-10682	262	25	recognizable	recognizable	ADJ
easat-10682	262	26	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	262	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	263	1	2	2	X
easat-10682	263	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	263	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	263	4	off	off	ADV
easat-10682	263	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	263	6	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	263	7	elements	element	NOUN
easat-10682	263	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	263	9	representing	represent	VERB
easat-10682	263	10	misclassified	misclassified	ADJ
easat-10682	263	11	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	263	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	263	13	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	263	14	sparse	sparse	ADJ
easat-10682	263	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	263	16	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	263	17	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	263	18	the	the	DET
easat-10682	263	19	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	263	20	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10682	263	21	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	263	22	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
easat-10682	263	23	across	across	ADP
easat-10682	263	24	most	most	ADJ
easat-10682	263	25	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	263	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	264	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10682	264	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	264	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	264	4	misclassifications	misclassification	NOUN
easat-10682	264	5	observed	observe	VERB
easat-10682	264	6	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	264	7	primarily	primarily	ADV
easat-10682	264	8	concentrated	concentrate	VERB
easat-10682	264	9	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	264	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	264	11	mouse_bite	mouse_bite	NOUN
easat-10682	264	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	264	13	spur	spur	VERB
easat-10682	264	14	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	264	15	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	264	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	265	1	a	a	DET
easat-10682	265	2	closer	close	ADJ
easat-10682	265	3	examination	examination	NOUN
easat-10682	265	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	265	5	these	these	DET
easat-10682	265	6	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	265	7	reveals	reveal	VERB
easat-10682	265	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	265	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	265	10	edge	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	265	11	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	265	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	265	13	these	these	DET
easat-10682	265	14	two	two	NUM
easat-10682	265	15	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	265	16	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	265	17	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
easat-10682	265	18	substantial	substantial	ADJ
easat-10682	265	19	visual	visual	ADJ
easat-10682	265	20	similarities	similarity	NOUN
easat-10682	265	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	265	22	especially	especially	ADV
easat-10682	265	23	along	along	ADP
easat-10682	265	24	their	their	PRON
easat-10682	265	25	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	265	26	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
easat-10682	265	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	266	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	266	2	overlap	overlap	NOUN
easat-10682	266	3	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	266	4	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	266	5	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-10682	266	6	may	may	AUX
easat-10682	266	7	lead	lead	VERB
easat-10682	266	8	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	266	9	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	266	10	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	266	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	266	12	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	266	13	when	when	SCONJ
easat-10682	266	14	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
easat-10682	266	15	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	266	16	these	these	DET
easat-10682	266	17	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	266	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	267	1	figure	figure	VERB
easat-10682	267	2	4	4	NUM
easat-10682	267	3	presents	present	VERB
easat-10682	267	4	a	a	DET
easat-10682	267	5	chaotic	chaotic	ADJ
easat-10682	267	6	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	267	7	regarding	regard	VERB
easat-10682	267	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	267	9	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	267	10	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	267	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	267	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	268	1	figure	figure	VERB
easat-10682	268	2	4	4	NUM
easat-10682	268	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	268	4	chaotic	chaotic	ADJ
easat-10682	268	5	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	268	6	display	display	NOUN
easat-10682	268	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	268	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	268	9	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	268	10	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	268	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	268	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	269	1	3.4	3.4	NUM
easat-10682	269	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	269	3	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	269	4	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	269	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	269	6	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	269	7	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	269	8	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	269	9	however	however	ADV
easat-10682	269	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	269	11	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10682	269	12	shown	show	VERB
easat-10682	269	13	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	269	14	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	269	15	4	4	NUM
easat-10682	269	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	269	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	269	18	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	269	19	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	269	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	269	21	the	the	DET
easat-10682	269	22	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	269	23	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	269	24	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	269	25	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
easat-10682	269	26	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-10682	269	27	deficiencies	deficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	269	28	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	269	29	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	269	30	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	269	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	269	32	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-10682	269	33	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	269	34	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	269	35	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	269	36	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	269	37	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	269	38	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-10682	269	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	270	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	270	2	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	270	3	important	important	ADJ
easat-10682	270	4	to	to	PART
easat-10682	270	5	note	note	VERB
easat-10682	270	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	270	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	270	8	1498	1498	NUM
easat-10682	270	9	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	270	10	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	270	11	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	270	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	270	13	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	270	14	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	270	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	270	16	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	270	17	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	270	18	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	270	19	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	270	20	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	271	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	271	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	271	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	271	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	271	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	271	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	271	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	271	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	271	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	271	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	271	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	271	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	271	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	271	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	271	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	271	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	272	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	272	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	272	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	272	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	272	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	272	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	272	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	272	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	272	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	272	10	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	272	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	273	1	most	most	ADJ
easat-10682	273	2	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	273	3	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	273	4	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	273	5	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-10682	273	6	lower	low	ADJ
easat-10682	273	7	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	273	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	273	9	main	main	ADJ
easat-10682	273	10	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	273	11	elements	element	NOUN
easat-10682	273	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	273	13	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	273	14	represent	represent	VERB
easat-10682	273	15	correctly	correctly	ADV
easat-10682	273	16	classified	classify	VERB
easat-10682	273	17	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	273	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	274	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	274	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-10682	274	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	274	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	274	5	main	main	ADJ
easat-10682	274	6	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	274	7	value	value	NOUN
easat-10682	274	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	274	9	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	274	10	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	274	11	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	274	12	0	0	NUM
easat-10682	274	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	274	14	meaning	mean	VERB
easat-10682	274	15	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	274	16	there	there	PRON
easat-10682	274	17	is	be	VERB
easat-10682	274	18	no	no	DET
easat-10682	274	19	correct	correct	ADJ
easat-10682	274	20	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	274	21	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	274	22	any	any	DET
easat-10682	274	23	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	274	24	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	274	25	this	this	DET
easat-10682	274	26	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	274	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	275	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	275	2	result	result	NOUN
easat-10682	275	3	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	275	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	275	5	inability	inability	NOUN
easat-10682	275	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	275	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	275	8	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	275	9	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	275	10	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	275	11	to	to	PART
easat-10682	275	12	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	275	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	275	14	represent	represent	VERB
easat-10682	275	15	some	some	DET
easat-10682	275	16	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	275	17	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
easat-10682	275	18	certain	certain	ADJ
easat-10682	275	19	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	275	20	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	275	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	276	1	unfortunately	unfortunately	ADV
easat-10682	276	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	276	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	276	4	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	276	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	276	6	unable	unable	ADJ
easat-10682	276	7	to	to	PART
easat-10682	276	8	achieve	achieve	VERB
easat-10682	276	9	successful	successful	ADJ
easat-10682	276	10	classifications	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	276	11	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	276	12	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	276	13	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	276	14	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	276	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	276	16	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	276	17	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	276	18	known	know	VERB
easat-10682	276	19	to	to	PART
easat-10682	276	20	be	be	AUX
easat-10682	276	21	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	276	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	276	23	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	276	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	276	25	intricate	intricate	ADJ
easat-10682	276	26	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-10682	276	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	277	1	2	2	X
easat-10682	277	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	277	3	there	there	PRON
easat-10682	277	4	are	be	VERB
easat-10682	277	5	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	277	6	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	277	7	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	277	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	277	9	off	off	ADJ
easat-10682	277	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	277	11	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	277	12	elements	element	NOUN
easat-10682	277	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	277	14	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	277	15	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	277	16	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	277	17	there	there	PRON
easat-10682	277	18	is	be	VERB
easat-10682	277	19	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-10682	277	20	misclassification	misclassification	NOUN
easat-10682	277	21	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	277	22	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	277	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	278	1	one	one	NUM
easat-10682	278	2	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	278	3	example	example	NOUN
easat-10682	278	4	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	278	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	278	6	spur	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	278	7	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	278	8	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	278	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	278	10	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	278	11	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	278	12	most	most	ADJ
easat-10682	278	13	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	278	14	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	278	15	misclassified	misclassifie	VERB
easat-10682	278	16	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	278	17	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	278	18	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	278	19	spurious_copper	spurious_copper	NOUN
easat-10682	278	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	279	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	279	2	result	result	NOUN
easat-10682	279	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-10682	279	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	279	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	279	6	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	279	7	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	279	8	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	279	9	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	279	10	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
easat-10682	279	11	classifying	classify	VERB
easat-10682	279	12	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	279	13	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	279	14	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	279	15	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	279	16	have	have	AUX
easat-10682	279	17	overlapping	overlap	VERB
easat-10682	279	18	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	279	19	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-10682	279	20	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	279	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	279	22	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	279	23	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	279	24	edge	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	279	25	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	279	26	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	279	27	texture	texture	NOUN
easat-10682	279	28	variations	variation	NOUN
easat-10682	279	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	280	1	since	since	SCONJ
easat-10682	280	2	the	the	DET
easat-10682	280	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	280	4	relies	rely	VERB
easat-10682	280	5	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	280	6	manually	manually	ADV
easat-10682	280	7	engineered	engineer	VERB
easat-10682	280	8	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	280	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	280	10	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	280	11	a	a	DET
easat-10682	280	12	shallow	shallow	ADJ
easat-10682	280	13	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	280	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	280	15	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	280	16	can	can	AUX
easat-10682	280	17	not	not	PART
easat-10682	280	18	capture	capture	VERB
easat-10682	280	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	280	20	nuances	nuance	NOUN
easat-10682	280	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	280	22	complexities	complexity	NOUN
easat-10682	280	23	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	280	24	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	280	25	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	280	26	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	280	27	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	280	28	closely	closely	ADV
easat-10682	280	29	related	relate	VERB
easat-10682	280	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	281	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	281	2	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
easat-10682	281	3	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	281	4	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	281	5	5	5	NUM
easat-10682	281	6	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	281	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	281	8	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	281	9	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	281	10	difficult	difficult	ADJ
easat-10682	281	11	for	for	SCONJ
easat-10682	281	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	281	13	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	281	14	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	281	15	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	281	16	to	to	PART
easat-10682	281	17	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-10682	281	18	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	281	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	281	20	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	281	21	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10682	281	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	281	23	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	281	24	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	281	25	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	281	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	281	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	281	28	the	the	DET
easat-10682	281	29	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	281	30	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	281	31	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	281	32	very	very	ADV
easat-10682	281	33	different	different	ADJ
easat-10682	281	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	282	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	282	2	5	5	NUM
easat-10682	282	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	282	4	chaotic	chaotic	ADJ
easat-10682	282	5	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	282	6	display	display	NOUN
easat-10682	282	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	282	8	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	282	9	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	282	10	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	282	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	283	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	283	2	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	283	3	value	value	NOUN
easat-10682	283	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	283	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	283	6	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	283	7	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	283	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	283	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	283	10	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	283	11	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	283	12	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	283	13	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	283	14	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	283	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	283	16	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	283	17	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10682	283	18	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	283	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	284	1	only	only	ADV
easat-10682	284	2	a	a	DET
easat-10682	284	3	few	few	ADJ
easat-10682	284	4	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-10682	284	5	were	be	AUX
easat-10682	284	6	misclassified	misclassifie	VERB
easat-10682	284	7	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	284	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	284	9	mouse	mouse	NOUN
easat-10682	284	10	bite	bite	NOUN
easat-10682	284	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	284	12	spur	spur	VERB
easat-10682	284	13	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	284	14	due	due	ADJ
easat-10682	284	15	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	284	16	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	284	17	similarity	similarity	NOUN
easat-10682	284	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	285	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	285	2	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	285	3	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	285	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	285	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	285	6	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	285	7	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	285	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	285	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	285	10	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	285	11	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	285	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	285	13	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	285	14	generally	generally	ADV
easat-10682	285	15	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	285	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	286	1	especially	especially	ADV
easat-10682	286	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	286	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	286	4	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	286	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	286	6	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	286	7	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	286	8	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	286	9	completely	completely	ADV
easat-10682	286	10	fails	fail	VERB
easat-10682	286	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	286	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	286	13	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	286	14	value	value	NOUN
easat-10682	286	15	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	286	16	0	0	NUM
easat-10682	286	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	286	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	286	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	286	20	misclassification	misclassification	NOUN
easat-10682	286	21	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	286	22	widespread	widespread	ADJ
easat-10682	286	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	286	24	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	286	25	example	example	NOUN
easat-10682	286	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	286	27	a	a	DET
easat-10682	286	28	spur	spur	NOUN
easat-10682	286	29	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	286	30	misjudged	misjudge	VERB
easat-10682	286	31	as	as	ADP
easat-10682	286	32	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	286	33	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	286	34	spurious	spurious	ADJ
easat-10682	286	35	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	286	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	286	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	287	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	287	2	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	287	3	1499	1499	NUM
easat-10682	287	4	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	287	5	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	287	6	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	287	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	287	8	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	287	9	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	287	10	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	287	11	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	287	12	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	287	13	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	287	14	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	287	15	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	288	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	288	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	288	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	288	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	288	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	288	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	288	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	288	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	288	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	288	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	288	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	288	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	288	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	288	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	288	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	288	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	289	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	289	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	289	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	289	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	289	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	289	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	289	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	289	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	289	9	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-10682	289	10	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
easat-10682	289	11	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	289	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	289	13	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	289	14	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-10682	289	15	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	289	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	289	17	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	289	18	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	289	19	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	289	20	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-10682	289	21	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10682	289	22	than	than	ADP
easat-10682	289	23	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	289	24	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	289	25	the	the	DET
easat-10682	289	26	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	289	27	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	289	28	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	289	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	289	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	289	31	the	the	DET
easat-10682	289	32	latter	latter	NOUN
easat-10682	289	33	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	289	34	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
easat-10682	289	35	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
easat-10682	289	36	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	289	37	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	289	38	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	289	39	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-10682	289	40	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	289	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	290	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	290	2	2	2	NUM
easat-10682	290	3	presents	present	VERB
easat-10682	290	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	290	5	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10682	290	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	290	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	290	8	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	290	9	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	290	10	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	290	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	290	12	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	290	13	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	290	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	290	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	290	16	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	290	17	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	290	18	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	290	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	291	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	291	2	2	2	NUM
easat-10682	291	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	292	1	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10682	292	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	292	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	292	4	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	292	5	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	292	6	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	292	7	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	292	8	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	292	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	292	10	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	292	11	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	292	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	292	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	293	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10682	293	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	293	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	293	4	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	293	5	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	293	6	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	293	7	hole	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	293	8	mouse	mouse	NOUN
easat-10682	293	9	bite	bite	VERB
easat-10682	293	10	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	293	11	circuit	circuit	PROPN
easat-10682	293	12	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	293	13	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	293	14	spur	spur	VERB
easat-10682	293	15	spurious	spurious	ADJ
easat-10682	293	16	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	293	17	hybrid	hybrid	NOUN
easat-10682	293	18	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	293	19	model	model	PROPN
easat-10682	293	20	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	293	21	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	22	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	23	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	24	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	25	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	26	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	27	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	28	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	29	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	30	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	31	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	32	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	33	off	off	ADP
easat-10682	293	34	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	293	35	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	293	36	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	293	37	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	293	38	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	293	39	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	293	40	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	293	41	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-10682	293	42	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	293	43	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	293	44	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	293	45	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	293	46	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	293	47	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	293	48	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	293	49	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	50	0	0	NUM
easat-10682	293	51	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	293	52	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	53	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	293	54	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	55	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	293	56	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	57	low	low	ADJ
easat-10682	293	58	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	59	off	off	ADP
easat-10682	293	60	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	293	61	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
easat-10682	293	62	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	63	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	64	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	65	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	66	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	67	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	68	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	69	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	70	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	71	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	72	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	293	73	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	293	74	3.5	3.5	NUM
easat-10682	293	75	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	294	1	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	294	2	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	294	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	294	4	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	294	5	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	294	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	294	7	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	294	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	294	9	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	294	10	curves	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	294	11	clearly	clearly	ADV
easat-10682	294	12	show	show	VERB
easat-10682	294	13	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	294	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	294	15	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	294	16	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	294	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	294	18	the	the	DET
easat-10682	294	19	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	294	20	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	294	21	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	294	22	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	294	23	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-10682	294	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	294	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	294	26	the	the	DET
easat-10682	294	27	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	294	28	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
easat-10682	294	29	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-10682	294	30	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10682	294	31	behavior	behavior	NOUN
easat-10682	294	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	295	1	3.5.1	3.5.1	NUM
easat-10682	295	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	295	3	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	295	4	curve	curve	VERB
easat-10682	295	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	295	6	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	295	7	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	295	8	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	295	9	a	a	DET
easat-10682	295	10	very	very	ADV
easat-10682	295	11	quick	quick	ADJ
easat-10682	295	12	decrease	decrease	NOUN
easat-10682	295	13	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	295	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	295	15	first	first	ADJ
easat-10682	295	16	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	295	17	epochs	epoch	NOUN
easat-10682	295	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	295	19	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10682	295	20	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	295	21	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	295	22	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	295	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	295	24	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	295	25	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	295	26	able	able	ADJ
easat-10682	295	27	to	to	PART
easat-10682	295	28	quickly	quickly	ADV
easat-10682	295	29	pick	pick	VERB
easat-10682	295	30	up	up	ADP
easat-10682	295	31	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	295	32	the	the	DET
easat-10682	295	33	major	major	ADJ
easat-10682	295	34	information	information	NOUN
easat-10682	295	35	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	295	36	the	the	DET
easat-10682	295	37	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	295	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	296	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	296	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	296	3	’s	’s	PART
easat-10682	296	4	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	296	5	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	296	6	able	able	ADJ
easat-10682	296	7	to	to	PART
easat-10682	296	8	extract	extract	VERB
easat-10682	296	9	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
easat-10682	296	10	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	296	11	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	296	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	296	13	input	input	NOUN
easat-10682	296	14	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	296	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	296	16	thus	thus	ADV
easat-10682	296	17	leading	lead	VERB
easat-10682	296	18	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	296	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	296	20	swift	swift	ADJ
easat-10682	296	21	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	296	22	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-10682	296	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	297	1	then	then	ADV
easat-10682	297	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	297	3	after	after	ADP
easat-10682	297	4	this	this	DET
easat-10682	297	5	brief	brief	ADJ
easat-10682	297	6	descent	descent	NOUN
easat-10682	297	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	297	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	297	9	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	297	10	stabilizes	stabilize	VERB
easat-10682	297	11	around	around	ADV
easat-10682	297	12	20	20	NUM
easat-10682	297	13	epochs	epoch	NOUN
easat-10682	297	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	297	15	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	297	16	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	297	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	297	18	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	297	19	has	have	AUX
easat-10682	297	20	reached	reach	VERB
easat-10682	297	21	a	a	DET
easat-10682	297	22	plateau	plateau	NOUN
easat-10682	297	23	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	297	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	297	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	297	26	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	297	27	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	297	28	has	have	AUX
easat-10682	297	29	been	be	AUX
easat-10682	297	30	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
easat-10682	297	31	completed	complete	VERB
easat-10682	297	32	without	without	ADP
easat-10682	297	33	overfitting	overfitte	VERB
easat-10682	297	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	298	1	3.5.2	3.5.2	X
easat-10682	298	2	.	.	X
easat-10682	298	3	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	298	4	curve	curve	VERB
easat-10682	298	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	298	6	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	298	7	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	298	8	reveals	reveal	VERB
easat-10682	298	9	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	298	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	298	11	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10682	298	12	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	298	13	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	298	14	steadily	steadily	ADV
easat-10682	298	15	improves	improve	VERB
easat-10682	298	16	throughout	throughout	ADP
easat-10682	298	17	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	298	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	298	19	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
easat-10682	298	20	converging	converge	VERB
easat-10682	298	21	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	298	22	approximately	approximately	ADV
easat-10682	298	23	96	96	NUM
easat-10682	298	24	%	%	NOUN
easat-10682	298	25	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	298	26	the	the	DET
easat-10682	298	27	later	later	ADJ
easat-10682	298	28	epochs	epoch	NOUN
easat-10682	298	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	299	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	299	2	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	299	3	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10682	299	4	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	299	5	aligns	align	VERB
easat-10682	299	6	closely	closely	ADV
easat-10682	299	7	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	299	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	299	9	test	test	NOUN
easat-10682	299	10	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	299	11	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	299	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	299	13	confirming	confirm	VERB
easat-10682	299	14	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	299	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	299	16	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	299	17	generalizes	generalize	VERB
easat-10682	299	18	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	299	19	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	299	20	unseen	unseen	ADJ
easat-10682	299	21	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	299	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	300	1	figures	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	300	2	6	6	NUM
easat-10682	300	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	300	4	7	7	NUM
easat-10682	300	5	present	present	VERB
easat-10682	300	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	300	7	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	300	8	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	300	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	300	10	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	300	11	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	300	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	300	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	300	14	chaotic	chaotic	ADJ
easat-10682	300	15	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	300	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	300	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	300	18	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	300	19	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	300	20	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	300	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	300	22	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-10682	300	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	301	1	1500	1500	NUM
easat-10682	301	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	301	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	301	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	301	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	301	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	301	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	301	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	301	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	301	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	301	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	301	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	301	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	302	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	302	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	302	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	302	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	302	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	302	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	302	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	302	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	302	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	302	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	302	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	302	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	302	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	302	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	302	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	302	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	303	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	303	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	303	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	303	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	303	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	303	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	303	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	303	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	303	9	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-10682	303	10	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	303	11	6	6	NUM
easat-10682	303	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	303	13	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	303	14	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	303	15	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	303	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	303	17	chaotic	chaotic	ADJ
easat-10682	303	18	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	303	19	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	303	20	the	the	DET
easat-10682	303	21	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	303	22	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	303	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	304	1	figure	figure	VERB
easat-10682	304	2	7	7	NUM
easat-10682	304	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	304	4	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	304	5	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	304	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	304	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	304	8	chaotic	chaotic	ADJ
easat-10682	304	9	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	304	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	304	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	304	12	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	304	13	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	304	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	305	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	305	2	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10682	305	3	property	property	NOUN
easat-10682	305	4	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	305	5	benefits	benefit	VERB
easat-10682	305	6	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	305	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	305	8	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	305	9	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	305	10	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-10682	305	11	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	305	12	trained	train	VERB
easat-10682	305	13	weights	weight	NOUN
easat-10682	305	14	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	305	15	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	305	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	305	17	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	305	18	shortens	shorten	VERB
easat-10682	305	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	305	20	time	time	NOUN
easat-10682	305	21	to	to	PART
easat-10682	305	22	reach	reach	VERB
easat-10682	305	23	a	a	DET
easat-10682	305	24	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-10682	305	25	state	state	NOUN
easat-10682	305	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	306	1	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	306	2	the	the	DET
easat-10682	306	3	other	other	ADJ
easat-10682	306	4	hand	hand	NOUN
easat-10682	306	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	306	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	306	7	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-10682	306	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	306	9	dropout	dropout	NOUN
easat-10682	306	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	306	11	regularization	regularization	NOUN
easat-10682	306	12	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	306	13	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	306	14	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-10682	306	15	decreases	decrease	VERB
easat-10682	306	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	306	17	risk	risk	NOUN
easat-10682	306	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	306	19	overfitting	overfitting	NOUN
easat-10682	306	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	306	21	the	the	DET
easat-10682	306	22	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	306	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	307	1	3.6	3.6	NUM
easat-10682	307	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	308	1	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	308	2	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	308	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	308	4	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	308	5	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	308	6	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	308	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	308	8	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	308	9	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	308	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	308	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	308	12	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	308	13	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	308	14	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	308	15	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	308	16	highly	highly	ADV
easat-10682	308	17	unstable	unstable	ADJ
easat-10682	308	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	308	19	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
easat-10682	308	20	poor	poor	ADJ
easat-10682	308	21	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	308	22	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
easat-10682	308	23	compared	compare	VERB
easat-10682	308	24	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	308	25	the	the	DET
easat-10682	308	26	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	308	27	's	's	PART
easat-10682	308	28	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	308	29	to	to	PART
easat-10682	308	30	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	308	31	the	the	DET
easat-10682	308	32	complexities	complexity	NOUN
easat-10682	308	33	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	308	34	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	308	35	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	308	36	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	308	37	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-10682	308	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	309	1	1501	1501	NUM
easat-10682	309	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	309	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	309	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	309	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	309	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	309	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	309	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	309	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	309	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	309	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	309	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	309	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	310	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	310	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	310	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	310	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	310	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	310	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	310	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	310	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	310	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	310	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	310	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	310	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	310	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	310	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	310	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	310	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	311	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	311	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	311	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	311	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	311	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	311	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	311	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	311	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	311	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	311	10	3.6.1	3.6.1	NUM
easat-10682	311	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	312	1	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	312	2	curve	curve	VERB
easat-10682	312	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	312	4	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	312	5	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	312	6	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	312	7	a	a	DET
easat-10682	312	8	very	very	ADV
easat-10682	312	9	distinct	distinct	ADJ
easat-10682	312	10	difference	difference	NOUN
easat-10682	312	11	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	312	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	312	13	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	312	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	312	15	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10682	312	16	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	312	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	313	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	313	2	first	first	ADJ
easat-10682	313	3	stage	stage	NOUN
easat-10682	313	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	313	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	313	6	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	313	7	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	313	8	declines	decline	VERB
easat-10682	313	9	steadily	steadily	ADV
easat-10682	313	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	313	11	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	313	12	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	313	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	313	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	313	15	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	313	16	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	313	17	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	313	18	the	the	DET
easat-10682	313	19	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	313	20	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	313	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	314	1	however	however	ADV
easat-10682	314	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	314	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	314	4	last	last	ADJ
easat-10682	314	5	stage	stage	NOUN
easat-10682	314	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	314	7	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10682	314	8	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	314	9	begins	begin	VERB
easat-10682	314	10	to	to	PART
easat-10682	314	11	rise	rise	VERB
easat-10682	314	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	314	13	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	314	14	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	314	15	a	a	DET
easat-10682	314	16	sign	sign	NOUN
easat-10682	314	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	314	18	overfitting	overfitte	VERB
easat-10682	314	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	314	20	such	such	ADJ
easat-10682	314	21	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	314	22	the	the	DET
easat-10682	314	23	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	314	24	becomes	become	VERB
easat-10682	314	25	too	too	ADV
easat-10682	314	26	specialized	specialized	ADJ
easat-10682	314	27	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	314	28	the	the	DET
easat-10682	314	29	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	314	30	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	314	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	314	32	performs	perform	VERB
easat-10682	314	33	poorly	poorly	ADV
easat-10682	314	34	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	314	35	unseen	unseen	ADJ
easat-10682	314	36	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	314	37	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	314	38	general	general	ADJ
easat-10682	314	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	315	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	315	2	poor	poor	ADJ
easat-10682	315	3	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-10682	315	4	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	315	5	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	315	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	315	7	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10682	315	8	set	set	VERB
easat-10682	315	9	hints	hint	NOUN
easat-10682	315	10	at	at	ADP
easat-10682	315	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	315	12	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	315	13	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	315	14	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	315	15	’s	’s	PART
easat-10682	315	16	inability	inability	NOUN
easat-10682	315	17	to	to	PART
easat-10682	315	18	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	315	19	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	315	20	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	315	21	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	315	22	indicative	indicative	ADJ
easat-10682	315	23	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	315	24	the	the	DET
easat-10682	315	25	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-10682	315	26	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	315	27	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	315	28	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	315	29	the	the	DET
easat-10682	315	30	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	315	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	316	1	3.6.2	3.6.2	X
easat-10682	316	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	316	3	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	316	4	curve	curve	VERB
easat-10682	316	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	316	6	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	316	7	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	316	8	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	316	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	316	10	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10682	316	11	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	316	12	presents	present	VERB
easat-10682	316	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	316	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	316	15	’s	’s	PART
easat-10682	316	16	inability	inability	NOUN
easat-10682	316	17	to	to	PART
easat-10682	316	18	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	316	19	further	far	ADV
easat-10682	316	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	317	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	317	2	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10682	317	3	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	317	4	increases	increase	VERB
easat-10682	317	5	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	317	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	317	7	first	first	ADJ
easat-10682	317	8	time	time	NOUN
easat-10682	317	9	until	until	ADP
easat-10682	317	10	approximately	approximately	ADV
easat-10682	317	11	55	55	NUM
easat-10682	317	12	%	%	NOUN
easat-10682	317	13	after	after	ADP
easat-10682	317	14	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	317	15	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	317	16	plateaus	plateaus	VERB
easat-10682	317	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	317	18	remains	remain	VERB
easat-10682	317	19	stagnant	stagnant	ADJ
easat-10682	317	20	until	until	ADP
easat-10682	317	21	the	the	DET
easat-10682	317	22	end	end	NOUN
easat-10682	317	23	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	317	24	the	the	DET
easat-10682	317	25	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	317	26	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	317	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	317	28	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	317	29	no	no	DET
easat-10682	317	30	noticeable	noticeable	ADJ
easat-10682	317	31	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-10682	317	32	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	317	33	later	later	ADJ
easat-10682	317	34	epochs	epoch	NOUN
easat-10682	317	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	318	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	318	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	318	3	fails	fail	VERB
easat-10682	318	4	to	to	PART
easat-10682	318	5	extract	extract	VERB
easat-10682	318	6	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10682	318	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	318	8	level	level	NOUN
easat-10682	318	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-10682	318	10	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
easat-10682	318	11	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	318	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	318	13	which	which	PRON
easat-10682	318	14	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	318	15	required	require	VERB
easat-10682	318	16	to	to	PART
easat-10682	318	17	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
easat-10682	318	18	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	318	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	318	20	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	318	21	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	318	22	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	318	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	318	24	thus	thus	ADV
easat-10682	318	25	resulting	result	VERB
easat-10682	318	26	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	318	27	this	this	DET
easat-10682	318	28	stagnation	stagnation	NOUN
easat-10682	318	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	319	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	319	2	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	319	3	implies	imply	VERB
easat-10682	319	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	319	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	319	6	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10682	319	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	319	8	shallow	shallow	ADJ
easat-10682	319	9	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	319	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	319	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	319	12	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	319	13	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	319	14	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	319	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	319	16	manual	manual	ADJ
easat-10682	319	17	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	319	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	319	19	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	319	20	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	319	21	not	not	PART
easat-10682	319	22	enough	enough	ADJ
easat-10682	319	23	to	to	PART
easat-10682	319	24	handle	handle	VERB
easat-10682	319	25	the	the	DET
easat-10682	319	26	high	high	ADV
easat-10682	319	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	319	28	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	319	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	319	30	intricate	intricate	ADJ
easat-10682	319	31	defective	defective	ADJ
easat-10682	319	32	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	319	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	320	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	320	2	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
easat-10682	320	3	reflects	reflect	VERB
easat-10682	320	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	320	5	inadaptability	inadaptability	NOUN
easat-10682	320	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	320	7	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	320	8	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	320	9	networks	network	NOUN
easat-10682	320	10	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	320	11	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	320	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	320	13	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	320	14	input	input	NOUN
easat-10682	320	15	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	320	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	320	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	320	18	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	320	19	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-10682	320	20	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	320	21	too	too	ADV
easat-10682	320	22	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10682	320	23	to	to	PART
easat-10682	320	24	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	320	25	the	the	DET
easat-10682	320	26	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-10682	320	27	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	320	28	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	320	29	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	320	30	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	320	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	320	32	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10682	320	33	shown	show	VERB
easat-10682	320	34	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	320	35	figures	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	320	36	8	8	NUM
easat-10682	320	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	320	38	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	320	39	.	.	X
easat-10682	320	40	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	320	41	8	8	NUM
easat-10682	320	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	321	1	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	321	2	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	321	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	321	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	321	5	chaotic	chaotic	ADJ
easat-10682	321	6	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	321	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	321	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	321	9	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	321	10	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	321	11	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	321	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	322	1	1502	1502	NUM
easat-10682	322	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	322	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	322	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	322	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	322	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	322	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	322	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	322	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	322	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	322	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	322	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	322	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	323	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	323	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	323	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	323	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	323	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	323	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	323	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	323	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	323	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	323	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	323	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	323	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	323	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	323	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	323	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	323	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	324	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	324	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	324	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	324	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	324	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	324	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	324	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	324	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	324	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	324	10	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	324	11	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	324	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	324	13	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	324	14	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	324	15	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	324	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	324	17	chaotic	chaotic	ADJ
easat-10682	324	18	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	324	19	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	324	20	the	the	DET
easat-10682	324	21	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	324	22	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	324	23	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	324	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	325	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	325	2	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	325	3	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	325	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	325	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	325	6	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	325	7	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	325	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	325	9	converges	converge	VERB
easat-10682	325	10	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
easat-10682	325	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	325	12	stably	stably	ADV
easat-10682	325	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	326	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	326	2	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	326	3	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	326	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	326	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	326	6	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10682	326	7	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	326	8	reaches	reach	VERB
easat-10682	326	9	96	96	NUM
easat-10682	326	10	%	%	NOUN
easat-10682	326	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	326	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	326	13	there	there	PRON
easat-10682	326	14	is	be	VERB
easat-10682	326	15	no	no	DET
easat-10682	326	16	overfitting	overfitte	VERB
easat-10682	326	17	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
easat-10682	326	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	326	19	thanks	thank	NOUN
easat-10682	326	20	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	326	21	the	the	DET
easat-10682	326	22	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-10682	326	23	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	326	24	training	training	ADJ
easat-10682	326	25	weights	weight	NOUN
easat-10682	326	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	326	27	regularization	regularization	NOUN
easat-10682	326	28	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10682	326	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	327	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	327	2	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	327	3	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	327	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	327	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	327	6	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	327	7	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	327	8	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	327	9	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	327	10	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	327	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	327	12	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	327	13	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	327	14	decreases	decrease	NOUN
easat-10682	327	15	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10682	327	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	327	17	verification	verification	NOUN
easat-10682	327	18	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	327	19	increases	increase	NOUN
easat-10682	327	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	327	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	327	22	the	the	DET
easat-10682	327	23	verification	verification	NOUN
easat-10682	327	24	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	327	25	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	327	26	stagnates	stagnate	VERB
easat-10682	327	27	at	at	ADP
easat-10682	327	28	55	55	NUM
easat-10682	327	29	%	%	NOUN
easat-10682	327	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	327	31	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	327	32	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	327	33	the	the	DET
easat-10682	327	34	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	327	35	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	327	36	overfitted	overfitte	VERB
easat-10682	327	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	327	38	unable	unable	ADJ
easat-10682	327	39	to	to	PART
easat-10682	327	40	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	327	41	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	327	42	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	327	43	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	327	44	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	327	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	328	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	328	2	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	328	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
easat-10682	328	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	328	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	328	6	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	328	7	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	328	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	328	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	328	10	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	328	11	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	328	12	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	328	13	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-10682	328	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	328	15	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	328	16	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-10682	328	17	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-10682	328	18	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	328	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	328	20	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10682	328	21	the	the	DET
easat-10682	328	22	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	328	23	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	328	24	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	328	25	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	328	26	limited	limit	VERB
easat-10682	328	27	due	due	ADP
easat-10682	328	28	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	328	29	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	328	30	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10682	328	31	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-10682	328	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	328	33	manual	manual	ADJ
easat-10682	328	34	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	328	35	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	328	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	329	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	329	2	3	3	NUM
easat-10682	329	3	presents	present	VERB
easat-10682	329	4	a	a	DET
easat-10682	329	5	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10682	329	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	329	7	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	329	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10682	329	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	329	10	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	329	11	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	329	12	the	the	DET
easat-10682	329	13	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	329	14	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	329	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	329	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	329	17	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	329	18	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	329	19	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	329	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	330	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	330	2	3	3	NUM
easat-10682	330	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	330	4	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10682	330	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	330	6	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	330	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	330	8	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	330	9	curves	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	330	10	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	330	11	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	330	12	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	330	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	330	14	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	330	15	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	330	16	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	330	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	331	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10682	331	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	331	3	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	331	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	331	5	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	331	6	iteration	iteration	NOUN
easat-10682	331	7	curves	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	331	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	331	9	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	331	10	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	331	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	331	12	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	331	13	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	331	14	model	model	PROPN
easat-10682	331	15	loss	loss	PROPN
easat-10682	331	16	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	331	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	331	18	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	331	19	has	have	AUX
easat-10682	331	20	reached	reach	VERB
easat-10682	331	21	a	a	DET
easat-10682	331	22	plateau	plateau	NOUN
easat-10682	331	23	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	331	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	331	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	331	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	331	27	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	331	28	has	have	AUX
easat-10682	331	29	been	be	AUX
easat-10682	331	30	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
easat-10682	331	31	completed	complete	VERB
easat-10682	331	32	without	without	ADP
easat-10682	331	33	overfitting	overfitte	VERB
easat-10682	331	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	332	1	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	332	2	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	332	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	332	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	332	5	generalizes	generalize	VERB
easat-10682	332	6	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	332	7	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	332	8	unseen	unseen	ADJ
easat-10682	332	9	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	332	10	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	332	11	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	332	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	332	13	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	332	14	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	332	15	inability	inability	NOUN
easat-10682	332	16	to	to	PART
easat-10682	332	17	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	332	18	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	332	19	that	that	PRON
easat-10682	332	20	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	332	21	indicative	indicative	ADJ
easat-10682	332	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	332	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	332	24	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-10682	332	25	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	332	26	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-10682	332	27	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	332	28	the	the	DET
easat-10682	332	29	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	332	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	333	1	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	333	2	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	333	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	333	4	shallow	shallow	ADJ
easat-10682	333	5	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	333	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	333	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	333	8	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	333	9	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	333	10	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	333	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	333	12	manual	manual	ADJ
easat-10682	333	13	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	333	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	333	15	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	333	16	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	333	17	not	not	PART
easat-10682	333	18	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
easat-10682	333	19	to	to	PART
easat-10682	333	20	handle	handle	VERB
easat-10682	333	21	high	high	ADV
easat-10682	333	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	333	23	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	333	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	333	25	intricate	intricate	ADJ
easat-10682	333	26	defective	defective	ADJ
easat-10682	333	27	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	333	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	334	1	3.7	3.7	NUM
easat-10682	334	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	335	1	roc	roc	PROPN
easat-10682	335	2	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	335	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10682	335	4	3.7.1	3.7.1	NUM
easat-10682	335	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	336	1	roc	roc	PROPN
easat-10682	336	2	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	336	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	336	4	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	336	5	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	336	6	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	336	7	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	336	8	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
easat-10682	336	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	336	10	roc	roc	PROPN
easat-10682	336	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	336	12	receiver	receiver	ADV
easat-10682	336	13	operating	operate	VERB
easat-10682	336	14	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
easat-10682	336	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	336	16	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	336	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	336	18	the	the	DET
easat-10682	336	19	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	336	20	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	336	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	336	22	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10682	336	23	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	336	24	exceptional	exceptional	ADJ
easat-10682	336	25	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	336	26	to	to	PART
easat-10682	336	27	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
easat-10682	336	28	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	336	29	six	six	NUM
easat-10682	336	30	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	336	31	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	336	32	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	336	33	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	336	34	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	336	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	337	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	337	2	auc	auc	NOUN
easat-10682	337	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	337	4	area	area	NOUN
easat-10682	337	5	under	under	ADP
easat-10682	337	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	337	7	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	337	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	337	9	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	337	10	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	337	11	all	all	DET
easat-10682	337	12	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	337	13	exceed	exceed	VERB
easat-10682	337	14	0.99	0.99	NUM
easat-10682	337	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	337	16	highlighting	highlight	VERB
easat-10682	337	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	337	18	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	337	19	's	's	PART
easat-10682	337	20	outstanding	outstanding	ADJ
easat-10682	337	21	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	337	22	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	337	23	across	across	ADP
easat-10682	337	24	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-10682	337	25	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	337	26	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	337	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	338	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	338	2	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	338	3	level	level	NOUN
easat-10682	338	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	338	5	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	338	6	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	338	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	338	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	338	9	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	338	10	maintains	maintain	VERB
easat-10682	338	11	excellent	excellent	ADJ
easat-10682	338	12	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
easat-10682	338	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	338	14	specificity	specificity	NOUN
easat-10682	338	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	338	16	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-10682	338	17	balancing	balance	VERB
easat-10682	338	18	the	the	DET
easat-10682	338	19	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-10682	338	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	338	21	off	off	NOUN
easat-10682	338	22	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	338	23	true	true	ADJ
easat-10682	338	24	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-10682	338	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	338	26	false	false	ADJ
easat-10682	338	27	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-10682	338	28	rates	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	338	29	across	across	ADP
easat-10682	338	30	all	all	DET
easat-10682	338	31	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	338	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	339	1	notably	notably	ADV
easat-10682	339	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	339	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	339	4	auc	auc	NOUN
easat-10682	339	5	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	339	6	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	339	7	missing_hole	missing_hole	PROPN
easat-10682	339	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	339	9	spurious_copper	spurious_copper	NOUN
easat-10682	339	10	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	339	11	close	close	ADJ
easat-10682	339	12	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	339	13	1.00	1.00	NUM
easat-10682	339	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	339	15	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-10682	339	16	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	339	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	339	18	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	339	19	's	's	PART
easat-10682	339	20	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	339	21	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	339	22	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	339	23	these	these	DET
easat-10682	339	24	two	two	NUM
easat-10682	339	25	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	339	26	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	339	27	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	339	28	nearly	nearly	ADV
easat-10682	339	29	perfect	perfect	ADJ
easat-10682	339	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	340	1	1503	1503	NUM
easat-10682	340	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	340	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	340	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	340	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	340	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	340	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	340	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	340	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	340	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	340	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	340	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	340	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	341	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	341	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	341	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	341	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	341	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	341	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	341	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	341	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	341	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	341	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	341	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	341	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	341	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	341	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	341	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	341	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	342	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	342	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	342	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	342	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	342	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	342	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	342	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	342	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	342	9	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-10682	342	10	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	342	11	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	342	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	342	13	chaotic	chaotic	ADJ
easat-10682	342	14	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	342	15	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	342	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	342	17	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	342	18	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	342	19	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	342	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	343	1	3.7.2	3.7.2	NUM
easat-10682	343	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	343	3	roc	roc	PROPN
easat-10682	343	4	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	343	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	343	6	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	343	7	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	343	8	network	network	PROPN
easat-10682	343	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	343	10	roc	roc	PROPN
easat-10682	343	11	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	343	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	343	13	the	the	DET
easat-10682	343	14	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	343	15	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	343	16	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	343	17	reflects	reflect	VERB
easat-10682	343	18	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-10682	343	19	shortcomings	shortcoming	NOUN
easat-10682	343	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	344	1	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	344	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-10682	344	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	344	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	344	5	auc	auc	NOUN
easat-10682	344	6	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	344	7	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	344	8	mouse_bite	mouse_bite	PROPN
easat-10682	344	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	344	10	spurious_copper	spurious_copper	NOUN
easat-10682	344	11	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	344	12	not	not	PART
easat-10682	344	13	ideal	ideal	ADJ
easat-10682	344	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	344	15	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10682	344	16	they	they	PRON
easat-10682	344	17	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	344	18	near	near	ADP
easat-10682	344	19	0.85	0.85	NUM
easat-10682	344	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	345	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	345	2	implies	imply	VERB
easat-10682	345	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	345	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	345	5	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	345	6	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	345	7	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	345	8	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	345	9	not	not	PART
easat-10682	345	10	able	able	ADJ
easat-10682	345	11	to	to	PART
easat-10682	345	12	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-10682	345	13	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	345	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	345	15	characteristic	characteristic	ADJ
easat-10682	345	16	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10682	345	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	345	18	these	these	DET
easat-10682	345	19	two	two	NUM
easat-10682	345	20	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	345	21	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	345	22	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	345	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	345	24	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10682	345	25	shown	show	VERB
easat-10682	345	26	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	345	27	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	345	28	11	11	NUM
easat-10682	345	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	346	1	1504	1504	NUM
easat-10682	346	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	346	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	346	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	346	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	346	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	346	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	346	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	346	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	346	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	346	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	346	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	346	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	347	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	347	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	347	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	347	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	347	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	347	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	347	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	347	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	347	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	347	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	347	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	347	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	347	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	347	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	347	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	347	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	348	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	348	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	348	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	348	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	348	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	348	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	348	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	348	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	348	9	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-10682	348	10	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-10682	348	11	11	11	NUM
easat-10682	348	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	349	1	chaotic	chaotic	ADJ
easat-10682	349	2	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-10682	349	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	349	4	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	349	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	349	6	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	349	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	350	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	350	2	4	4	NUM
easat-10682	350	3	presents	present	VERB
easat-10682	350	4	a	a	DET
easat-10682	350	5	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10682	350	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	350	7	roc	roc	PROPN
easat-10682	350	8	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	350	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10682	350	10	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	350	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	350	12	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	350	13	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	350	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	350	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	350	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	350	17	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	350	18	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	350	19	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	350	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	351	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	351	2	4	4	NUM
easat-10682	351	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	352	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10682	352	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10682	352	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	352	4	roc	roc	PROPN
easat-10682	352	5	curves	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	352	6	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	352	7	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	352	8	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	352	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	352	10	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	352	11	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	352	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	352	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	353	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-10682	353	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	353	3	roc	roc	PROPN
easat-10682	353	4	curves	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	353	5	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	353	6	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	353	7	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	353	8	exceptional	exceptional	ADJ
easat-10682	353	9	capability	capability	NOUN
easat-10682	353	10	to	to	PART
easat-10682	353	11	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
easat-10682	353	12	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	353	13	categories	category	NOUN
easat-10682	353	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	354	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	354	2	better	well	ADJ
easat-10682	354	3	auc	auc	NOUN
easat-10682	354	4	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	354	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	354	6	excellent	excellent	ADJ
easat-10682	354	7	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
easat-10682	354	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	354	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	354	10	specificity	specificity	NOUN
easat-10682	354	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	355	1	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	355	2	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	355	3	network	network	PROPN
easat-10682	355	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	355	5	roc	roc	PROPN
easat-10682	355	6	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	355	7	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	355	8	shortcomings	shortcoming	NOUN
easat-10682	355	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	355	10	the	the	DET
easat-10682	355	11	auc	auc	NOUN
easat-10682	355	12	values	value	NOUN
easat-10682	355	13	are	be	AUX
easat-10682	355	14	not	not	PART
easat-10682	355	15	ideal	ideal	ADJ
easat-10682	355	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	355	17	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	355	18	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	355	19	not	not	PART
easat-10682	355	20	able	able	ADJ
easat-10682	355	21	to	to	PART
easat-10682	355	22	well	well	ADV
easat-10682	355	23	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	355	24	the	the	DET
easat-10682	355	25	characteristic	characteristic	ADJ
easat-10682	355	26	distribution	distribution	NOUN
easat-10682	355	27	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	355	28	these	these	DET
easat-10682	355	29	two	two	NUM
easat-10682	355	30	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	355	31	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	355	32	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	355	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	356	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	356	2	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	356	3	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	356	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	356	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	356	6	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	356	7	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	356	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	356	9	converges	converge	VERB
easat-10682	356	10	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
easat-10682	356	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	356	12	stably	stably	ADV
easat-10682	356	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	357	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	357	2	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	357	3	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	357	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	357	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	357	6	validation	validation	NOUN
easat-10682	357	7	set	set	NOUN
easat-10682	357	8	reaches	reach	VERB
easat-10682	357	9	96	96	NUM
easat-10682	357	10	%	%	NOUN
easat-10682	357	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	357	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	357	13	there	there	PRON
easat-10682	357	14	is	be	VERB
easat-10682	357	15	no	no	DET
easat-10682	357	16	overfitting	overfitte	VERB
easat-10682	357	17	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
easat-10682	357	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	357	19	thanks	thank	NOUN
easat-10682	357	20	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	357	21	the	the	DET
easat-10682	357	22	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-10682	357	23	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	357	24	training	training	ADJ
easat-10682	357	25	weights	weight	NOUN
easat-10682	357	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	357	27	regularization	regularization	NOUN
easat-10682	357	28	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-10682	357	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	358	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	358	2	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	358	3	curve	curve	NOUN
easat-10682	358	4	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	358	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	358	6	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	358	7	neural	neural	PROPN
easat-10682	358	8	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	358	9	shows	show	VERB
easat-10682	358	10	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	358	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	358	12	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	358	13	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	358	14	decreases	decrease	NOUN
easat-10682	358	15	but	but	CCONJ
easat-10682	358	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	358	17	verification	verification	NOUN
easat-10682	358	18	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-10682	358	19	increases	increase	NOUN
easat-10682	358	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	358	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	358	22	the	the	DET
easat-10682	358	23	verification	verification	NOUN
easat-10682	358	24	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	358	25	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-10682	358	26	stagnates	stagnate	VERB
easat-10682	358	27	at	at	ADP
easat-10682	358	28	55	55	NUM
easat-10682	358	29	%	%	NOUN
easat-10682	358	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	358	31	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-10682	358	32	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	358	33	the	the	DET
easat-10682	358	34	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	358	35	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	358	36	overfitted	overfitte	VERB
easat-10682	358	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	358	38	unable	unable	ADJ
easat-10682	358	39	to	to	PART
easat-10682	358	40	learn	learn	VERB
easat-10682	358	41	high	high	ADJ
easat-10682	358	42	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	358	43	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-10682	358	44	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	358	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	359	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	359	2	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	359	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
easat-10682	359	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	359	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	359	6	training	training	NOUN
easat-10682	359	7	process	process	NOUN
easat-10682	359	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	359	9	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	359	10	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	359	11	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	359	12	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-10682	359	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	359	14	has	have	VERB
easat-10682	359	15	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-10682	359	16	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-10682	359	17	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	359	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	359	19	while	while	SCONJ
easat-10682	359	20	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	359	21	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	359	22	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	359	23	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	359	24	limited	limit	VERB
easat-10682	359	25	due	due	ADP
easat-10682	359	26	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	359	27	its	its	PRON
easat-10682	359	28	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-10682	359	29	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-10682	359	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	359	31	manual	manual	ADJ
easat-10682	359	32	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	359	33	extraction	extraction	NOUN
easat-10682	359	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	360	1	to	to	PART
easat-10682	360	2	further	far	ADV
easat-10682	360	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
easat-10682	360	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	360	5	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-10682	360	6	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	360	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	360	8	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-10682	360	9	method	method	NOUN
easat-10682	360	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	360	11	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	360	12	5	5	NUM
easat-10682	360	13	presents	present	VERB
easat-10682	360	14	a	a	DET
easat-10682	360	15	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10682	360	16	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	360	17	the	the	DET
easat-10682	360	18	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	360	19	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	360	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	360	21	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-10682	360	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	360	23	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	360	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	360	25	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	360	26	the	the	DET
easat-10682	360	27	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-10682	360	28	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	360	29	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	360	30	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	360	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	360	32	the	the	DET
easat-10682	360	33	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-10682	360	34	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	360	35	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	360	36	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	360	37	across	across	ADP
easat-10682	360	38	six	six	NUM
easat-10682	360	39	typical	typical	ADJ
easat-10682	360	40	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	360	41	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	360	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	361	1	it	it	PRON
easat-10682	361	2	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	361	3	evident	evident	ADJ
easat-10682	361	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	361	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	361	6	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	361	7	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	361	8	has	have	AUX
easat-10682	361	9	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-10682	361	10	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-10682	361	11	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-10682	361	12	across	across	ADP
easat-10682	361	13	all	all	DET
easat-10682	361	14	defect	defect	ADJ
easat-10682	361	15	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	361	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	361	17	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	361	18	an	an	DET
easat-10682	361	19	average	average	ADJ
easat-10682	361	20	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-10682	361	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	361	22	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	361	23	reaching	reach	VERB
easat-10682	361	24	0.96	0.96	NUM
easat-10682	361	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	361	26	substantially	substantially	ADV
easat-10682	361	27	higher	high	ADJ
easat-10682	361	28	than	than	ADP
easat-10682	361	29	the	the	DET
easat-10682	361	30	0.51	0.51	NUM
easat-10682	361	31	obtained	obtain	VERB
easat-10682	361	32	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	361	33	the	the	DET
easat-10682	361	34	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	361	35	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	361	36	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	361	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	362	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	362	2	result	result	NOUN
easat-10682	362	3	underscores	underscore	VERB
easat-10682	362	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	362	5	outstanding	outstanding	ADJ
easat-10682	362	6	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	362	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	362	8	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10682	362	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	362	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	362	11	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-10682	362	12	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	362	13	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	362	14	the	the	DET
easat-10682	362	15	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	362	16	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	362	17	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	362	18	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	362	19	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	362	20	defect	defect	VERB
easat-10682	362	21	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	362	22	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-10682	362	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	363	1	1505	1505	NUM
easat-10682	363	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	363	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	363	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	363	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	363	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	363	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	363	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	363	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	363	10	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	363	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	363	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	363	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	364	1	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	364	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	364	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	364	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	364	5	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	364	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	364	7	1487	1487	NUM
easat-10682	364	8	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	364	9	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	364	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	364	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	364	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-10682	364	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	364	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-10682	364	15	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	364	16	8484.v9i10.10682	8484.v9i10.10682	NOUN
easat-10682	365	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	365	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	365	3	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	365	4	the	the	DET
easat-10682	365	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	365	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	365	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-10682	365	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	365	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-10682	365	10	table	table	NOUN
easat-10682	365	11	5	5	NUM
easat-10682	365	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	365	13	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	365	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	365	15	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-10682	365	16	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	365	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	365	18	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-10682	365	19	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	365	20	the	the	DET
easat-10682	365	21	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	365	22	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	365	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	365	24	the	the	DET
easat-10682	365	25	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	365	26	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	365	27	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	365	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	1	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	366	2	category	category	NOUN
easat-10682	366	3	hybrid	hybrid	PROPN
easat-10682	366	4	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	366	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	6	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-10682	366	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	8	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	366	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	10	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	366	11	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	366	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	366	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	14	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-10682	366	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	16	score	score	NOUN
easat-10682	366	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	18	missing	miss	VERB
easat-10682	366	19	hole	hole	NOUN
easat-10682	366	20	1.00	1.00	NUM
easat-10682	366	21	0.61	0.61	NUM
easat-10682	366	22	mouse	mouse	NOUN
easat-10682	366	23	bite	bite	NOUN
easat-10682	366	24	0.94	0.94	NUM
easat-10682	366	25	0.61	0.61	NUM
easat-10682	366	26	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	366	27	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	366	28	0.98	0.98	NUM
easat-10682	366	29	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	30	short	short	ADJ
easat-10682	366	31	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	366	32	0.98	0.98	NUM
easat-10682	366	33	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	34	spur	spur	VERB
easat-10682	366	35	0.91	0.91	NUM
easat-10682	366	36	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	37	spurious	spurious	ADJ
easat-10682	366	38	copper	copper	NOUN
easat-10682	366	39	0.97	0.97	NUM
easat-10682	366	40	0.46	0.46	NUM
easat-10682	366	41	average	average	NOUN
easat-10682	366	42	0.96	0.96	NUM
easat-10682	366	43	0.51	0.51	NUM
easat-10682	366	44	4	4	NUM
easat-10682	366	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	46	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
easat-10682	366	47	this	this	DET
easat-10682	366	48	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	366	49	adopts	adopt	VERB
easat-10682	366	50	a	a	DET
easat-10682	366	51	new	new	ADJ
easat-10682	366	52	type	type	NOUN
easat-10682	366	53	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	366	54	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	366	55	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	366	56	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	366	57	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	366	58	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	59	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	366	60	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	366	61	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	62	method	method	NOUN
easat-10682	366	63	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	366	64	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	366	65	the	the	DET
easat-10682	366	66	principle	principle	NOUN
easat-10682	366	67	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	366	68	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	366	69	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	366	70	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	71	aiming	aim	VERB
easat-10682	366	72	to	to	PART
easat-10682	366	73	solve	solve	VERB
easat-10682	366	74	common	common	ADJ
easat-10682	366	75	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-10682	366	76	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	366	77	the	the	DET
easat-10682	366	78	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	366	79	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	366	80	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	366	81	printed	print	VERB
easat-10682	366	82	circuit	circuit	NOUN
easat-10682	366	83	board	board	NOUN
easat-10682	366	84	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	85	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	366	86	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	366	87	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
easat-10682	366	88	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	367	1	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	367	2	combining	combine	VERB
easat-10682	367	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	367	4	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-10682	367	5	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	367	6	trained	train	VERB
easat-10682	367	7	mobilenetv2	mobilenetv2	NOUN
easat-10682	367	8	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	367	9	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	367	10	a	a	DET
easat-10682	367	11	custom	custom	NOUN
easat-10682	367	12	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10682	367	13	connected	connect	VERB
easat-10682	367	14	layer	layer	NOUN
easat-10682	367	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	367	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	367	17	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-10682	367	18	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	367	19	achieves	achieve	VERB
easat-10682	367	20	a	a	DET
easat-10682	367	21	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-10682	367	22	balance	balance	NOUN
easat-10682	367	23	between	between	ADP
easat-10682	367	24	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	367	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	367	26	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	367	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	367	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	367	29	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	367	30	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-10682	367	31	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-10682	367	32	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	367	33	the	the	DET
easat-10682	367	34	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	367	35	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	367	36	six	six	NUM
easat-10682	367	37	types	type	NOUN
easat-10682	367	38	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	367	39	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	367	40	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	367	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	368	1	this	this	PRON
easat-10682	368	2	enables	enable	VERB
easat-10682	368	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	368	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	368	5	to	to	PART
easat-10682	368	6	fully	fully	ADV
easat-10682	368	7	leverage	leverage	VERB
easat-10682	368	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	368	9	advantages	advantage	NOUN
easat-10682	368	10	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	368	11	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	368	12	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	368	13	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	368	14	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-10682	368	15	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-10682	368	16	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	368	17	trained	train	VERB
easat-10682	368	18	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	368	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	368	20	architectures	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	368	21	designed	design	VERB
easat-10682	368	22	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	368	23	task	task	NOUN
easat-10682	368	24	requirements	requirement	NOUN
easat-10682	368	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	368	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	368	27	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-10682	368	28	address	address	VERB
easat-10682	368	29	the	the	DET
easat-10682	368	30	unique	unique	ADJ
easat-10682	368	31	demands	demand	NOUN
easat-10682	368	32	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	368	33	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	368	34	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	368	35	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	368	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	369	1	through	through	ADP
easat-10682	369	2	a	a	DET
easat-10682	369	3	large	large	ADJ
easat-10682	369	4	number	number	NOUN
easat-10682	369	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	369	6	experiments	experiment	NOUN
easat-10682	369	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	369	8	verifications	verification	NOUN
easat-10682	369	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	369	10	this	this	DET
easat-10682	369	11	method	method	NOUN
easat-10682	369	12	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	369	13	superior	superior	ADJ
easat-10682	369	14	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	369	15	the	the	DET
easat-10682	369	16	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-10682	369	17	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-10682	369	18	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	369	19	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	369	20	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	369	21	terms	term	NOUN
easat-10682	369	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	369	23	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	369	24	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-10682	369	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	369	26	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10682	369	27	against	against	ADP
easat-10682	369	28	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-10682	369	29	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	369	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	369	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	369	32	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-10682	369	33	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-10682	369	34	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	369	35	different	different	ADJ
easat-10682	369	36	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-10682	369	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	370	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	370	2	above	above	ADV
easat-10682	370	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	370	4	mentioned	mention	VERB
easat-10682	370	5	advantages	advantage	NOUN
easat-10682	370	6	further	far	ADV
easat-10682	370	7	highlight	highlight	VERB
easat-10682	370	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	370	9	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-10682	370	10	application	application	NOUN
easat-10682	370	11	value	value	NOUN
easat-10682	370	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	370	13	promotion	promotion	NOUN
easat-10682	370	14	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-10682	370	15	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	370	16	this	this	DET
easat-10682	370	17	method	method	NOUN
easat-10682	370	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	371	1	the	the	DET
easat-10682	371	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-10682	371	3	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	371	4	this	this	DET
easat-10682	371	5	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	371	6	also	also	ADV
easat-10682	371	7	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
easat-10682	371	8	the	the	DET
easat-10682	371	9	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
easat-10682	371	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	371	11	scalability	scalability	NOUN
easat-10682	371	12	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	371	13	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	371	14	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	371	15	methods	method	NOUN
easat-10682	371	16	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	371	17	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	371	18	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10682	371	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	372	1	these	these	DET
easat-10682	372	2	advancements	advancement	NOUN
easat-10682	372	3	will	will	AUX
easat-10682	372	4	accelerate	accelerate	VERB
easat-10682	372	5	the	the	DET
easat-10682	372	6	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
easat-10682	372	7	transformation	transformation	NOUN
easat-10682	372	8	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	372	9	the	the	DET
easat-10682	372	10	electronics	electronic	NOUN
easat-10682	372	11	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
easat-10682	372	12	industry	industry	NOUN
easat-10682	372	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	372	14	provide	provide	VERB
easat-10682	372	15	innovative	innovative	ADJ
easat-10682	372	16	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-10682	372	17	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	372	18	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-10682	372	19	control	control	NOUN
easat-10682	372	20	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	372	21	various	various	ADJ
easat-10682	372	22	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	372	23	fields	field	NOUN
easat-10682	372	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	373	1	through	through	ADP
easat-10682	373	2	the	the	DET
easat-10682	373	3	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
easat-10682	373	4	development	development	NOUN
easat-10682	373	5	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	373	6	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	373	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	373	8	models	model	NOUN
easat-10682	373	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	373	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	373	11	hardware	hardware	NOUN
easat-10682	373	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	373	13	future	future	ADJ
easat-10682	373	14	research	research	NOUN
easat-10682	373	15	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	373	16	this	this	DET
easat-10682	373	17	field	field	NOUN
easat-10682	373	18	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	373	19	expected	expect	VERB
easat-10682	373	20	to	to	PART
easat-10682	373	21	completely	completely	ADV
easat-10682	373	22	transform	transform	VERB
easat-10682	373	23	the	the	DET
easat-10682	373	24	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	373	25	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-10682	373	26	assurance	assurance	NOUN
easat-10682	373	27	system	system	NOUN
easat-10682	373	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	373	29	drive	drive	VERB
easat-10682	373	30	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-10682	373	31	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	373	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	373	33	product	product	NOUN
easat-10682	373	34	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-10682	373	35	to	to	ADP
easat-10682	373	36	new	new	ADJ
easat-10682	373	37	heights	height	NOUN
easat-10682	373	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	373	39	thereby	thereby	ADV
easat-10682	373	40	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-10682	373	41	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	373	42	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-10682	373	43	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-10682	373	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	373	45	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-10682	373	46	production	production	NOUN
easat-10682	373	47	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-10682	373	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	373	49	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	373	50	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
easat-10682	373	51	enterprise	enterprise	NOUN
easat-10682	373	52	competitiveness	competitiveness	NOUN
easat-10682	373	53	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	374	1	transparency	transparency	NOUN
easat-10682	374	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	374	3	the	the	DET
easat-10682	374	4	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	374	5	confirm	confirm	VERB
easat-10682	374	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	374	7	the	the	DET
easat-10682	374	8	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
easat-10682	374	9	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	374	10	an	an	DET
easat-10682	374	11	honest	honest	ADJ
easat-10682	374	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	374	13	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10682	374	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	374	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	374	16	transparent	transparent	ADJ
easat-10682	374	17	account	account	NOUN
easat-10682	374	18	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	374	19	the	the	DET
easat-10682	374	20	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	374	21	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	374	22	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	374	23	no	no	DET
easat-10682	374	24	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-10682	374	25	features	feature	NOUN
easat-10682	374	26	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	374	27	the	the	DET
easat-10682	374	28	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	374	29	have	have	AUX
easat-10682	374	30	been	be	AUX
easat-10682	374	31	omitted	omit	VERB
easat-10682	374	32	;	;	PUNCT
easat-10682	374	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	374	34	that	that	SCONJ
easat-10682	374	35	any	any	DET
easat-10682	374	36	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-10682	374	37	from	from	ADP
easat-10682	374	38	the	the	DET
easat-10682	374	39	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	374	40	as	as	SCONJ
easat-10682	374	41	planned	plan	VERB
easat-10682	374	42	have	have	AUX
easat-10682	374	43	been	be	AUX
easat-10682	374	44	explained	explain	VERB
easat-10682	374	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	375	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	375	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	375	3	followed	follow	VERB
easat-10682	375	4	all	all	DET
easat-10682	375	5	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-10682	375	6	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-10682	375	7	during	during	ADP
easat-10682	375	8	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-10682	375	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	376	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
easat-10682	376	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	376	3	©	©	PROPN
easat-10682	376	4	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	376	5	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	376	6	the	the	DET
easat-10682	376	7	authors	author	NOUN
easat-10682	376	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	377	1	this	this	DET
easat-10682	377	2	article	article	NOUN
easat-10682	377	3	is	be	AUX
easat-10682	377	4	an	an	DET
easat-10682	377	5	open	open	ADJ
easat-10682	377	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	377	7	access	access	NOUN
easat-10682	377	8	article	article	NOUN
easat-10682	377	9	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-10682	377	10	under	under	ADP
easat-10682	377	11	the	the	DET
easat-10682	377	12	terms	term	NOUN
easat-10682	377	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	377	14	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-10682	377	15	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	377	16	the	the	DET
easat-10682	377	17	creative	creative	ADJ
easat-10682	377	18	commons	common	NOUN
easat-10682	377	19	attribution	attribution	NOUN
easat-10682	377	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	377	21	cc	cc	NOUN
easat-10682	377	22	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	377	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	377	24	license	license	NOUN
easat-10682	377	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	377	26	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-10682	377	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	377	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	1	references	reference	NOUN
easat-10682	378	2	[	[	X
easat-10682	378	3	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	378	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	5	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10682	378	6	el	el	PROPN
easat-10682	378	7	sakka	sakka	PROPN
easat-10682	378	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	9	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10682	378	10	ivanovici	ivanovici	PROPN
easat-10682	378	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	12	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-10682	378	13	chaari	chaari	PROPN
easat-10682	378	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	378	16	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-10682	378	17	mothe	mothe	PROPN
easat-10682	378	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	19	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	20	a	a	DET
easat-10682	378	21	review	review	NOUN
easat-10682	378	22	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	378	23	cnn	cnn	PROPN
easat-10682	378	24	applications	application	NOUN
easat-10682	378	25	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	378	26	smart	smart	ADJ
easat-10682	378	27	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-10682	378	28	using	use	VERB
easat-10682	378	29	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
easat-10682	378	30	data	datum	NOUN
easat-10682	378	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	32	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	33	sensors	sensor	NOUN
easat-10682	378	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	378	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	378	37	25	25	NUM
easat-10682	378	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	39	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	378	40	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	378	41	2	2	NUM
easat-10682	378	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	43	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10682	378	44	472	472	NUM
easat-10682	378	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	378	46	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	378	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	379	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/s25020472	https://doi.org/10.3390/s25020472	NUM
easat-10682	380	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	380	2	2	2	NUM
easat-10682	380	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	380	4	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-10682	380	5	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-10682	380	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	380	7	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-10682	380	8	wang	wang	PROPN
easat-10682	380	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	380	10	z.	z.	PROPN
easat-10682	380	11	chen	chen	PROPN
easat-10682	380	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	380	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	380	14	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-10682	380	15	pan	pan	PROPN
easat-10682	380	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	380	17	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	380	18	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
easat-10682	380	19	visual	visual	ADJ
easat-10682	380	20	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	380	21	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	380	22	industrial	industrial	ADJ
easat-10682	380	23	product	product	NOUN
easat-10682	380	24	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	380	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	380	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	380	27	peerj	peerj	NOUN
easat-10682	380	28	computer	computer	NOUN
easat-10682	380	29	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	380	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	380	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	380	32	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	380	33	9	9	NUM
easat-10682	380	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	380	35	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10682	380	36	e1264	e1264	NOUN
easat-10682	380	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	380	38	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10682	380	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	381	1	https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.1264	https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.1264	PUNCT
easat-10682	382	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	382	2	3	3	X
easat-10682	382	3	]	]	X
easat-10682	382	4	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-10682	382	5	liu	liu	PROPN
easat-10682	382	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	382	7	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-10682	382	8	chen	chen	PROPN
easat-10682	382	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	382	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	382	11	x.	x.	NOUN
easat-10682	382	12	qi	qi	PROPN
easat-10682	382	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	382	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	382	15	yolo	yolo	NOUN
easat-10682	382	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	382	17	pdd	pdd	NOUN
easat-10682	382	18	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	382	19	a	a	DET
easat-10682	382	20	novel	novel	ADJ
easat-10682	382	21	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-10682	382	22	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	382	23	scale	scale	ADJ
easat-10682	382	24	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	382	25	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	382	26	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	382	27	method	method	NOUN
easat-10682	382	28	using	use	VERB
easat-10682	382	29	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	382	30	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-10682	382	31	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	382	32	sequential	sequential	ADJ
easat-10682	382	33	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	382	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	382	35	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	382	36	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	382	37	international	international	ADJ
easat-10682	382	38	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-10682	382	39	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	382	40	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	382	41	information	information	NOUN
easat-10682	382	42	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-10682	382	43	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	382	44	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-10682	382	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	383	1	297	297	NUM
easat-10682	383	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	383	3	313	313	NUM
easat-10682	383	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	383	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	384	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-10682	384	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	384	3	springer	springer	NOUN
easat-10682	384	4	nature	nature	PROPN
easat-10682	384	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-10682	384	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	384	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10682	384	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	385	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	385	2	4	4	X
easat-10682	385	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	385	4	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10682	385	5	xia	xia	PROPN
easat-10682	385	6	et	et	PROPN
easat-10682	385	7	al	al	PROPN
easat-10682	385	8	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	385	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	385	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	385	11	global	global	ADJ
easat-10682	385	12	contextual	contextual	ADJ
easat-10682	385	13	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-10682	385	14	augmented	augment	VERB
easat-10682	385	15	yolo	yolo	ADV
easat-10682	385	16	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	385	17	convmixer	convmixer	NOUN
easat-10682	385	18	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-10682	385	19	heads	head	NOUN
easat-10682	385	20	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	385	21	pcb	pcb	NOUN
easat-10682	385	22	surface	surface	NOUN
easat-10682	385	23	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	385	24	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	385	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	385	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	385	27	scientific	scientific	ADJ
easat-10682	385	28	reports	report	NOUN
easat-10682	385	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	385	30	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	385	31	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	385	32	13	13	NUM
easat-10682	385	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	385	34	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10682	385	35	9805	9805	NUM
easat-10682	385	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	385	37	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10682	385	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	386	1	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36854-2	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36854-2	PRON
easat-10682	387	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	387	2	5	5	NUM
easat-10682	387	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	387	4	center	center	NOUN
easat-10682	387	5	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	387	6	advanced	advanced	ADJ
easat-10682	387	7	life	life	NOUN
easat-10682	387	8	cycle	cycle	NOUN
easat-10682	387	9	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-10682	387	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	387	11	calce	calce	NOUN
easat-10682	387	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	387	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	387	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	387	15	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-10682	387	16	product	product	NOUN
easat-10682	387	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	387	18	systems	system	NOUN
easat-10682	387	19	consortium	consortium	NOUN
easat-10682	387	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	388	1	university	university	NOUN
easat-10682	388	2	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	388	3	maryland	maryland	PROPN
easat-10682	388	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	388	5	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	388	6	2022	2022	NUM
easat-10682	388	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	389	1	https://www.calce.umd.edu	https://www.calce.umd.edu	PROPN
easat-10682	389	2	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-10682	389	3	https://doi.org/10.3390/s25020472	https://doi.org/10.3390/s25020472	PROPN
easat-10682	389	4	https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.1264	https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.1264	PROPN
easat-10682	389	5	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36854-2	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36854-2	NUM
easat-10682	389	6	https://www.calce.umd.edu/	https://www.calce.umd.edu/	PROPN
easat-10682	389	7	1506	1506	NUM
easat-10682	389	8	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-10682	389	9	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	389	10	science	science	NOUN
easat-10682	389	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	389	12	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-10682	389	13	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-10682	389	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	389	15	2576	2576	NUM
easat-10682	389	16	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	389	17	8484	8484	NUM
easat-10682	389	18	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	389	19	.	.	PROPN
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easat-10682	390	6	:	:	PUNCT
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easat-10682	390	8	-	-	SYM
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easat-10682	390	10	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	392	34	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	392	36	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10682	393	2	-	-	SYM
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easat-10682	393	4	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	393	6	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	395	2	7	7	X
easat-10682	395	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	395	7	x.	x.	PROPN
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easat-10682	395	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	395	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	395	11	z.	z.	PROPN
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easat-10682	395	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	395	14	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	34	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	36	.	.	PROPN
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easat-10682	395	38	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	40	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	395	41	1	1	NUM
easat-10682	395	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	395	43	p.	p.	NOUN
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easat-10682	395	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	395	46	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10682	395	47	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	51	]	]	X
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easat-10682	395	59	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	77	:	:	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	80	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	84	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	86	.	.	PROPN
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easat-10682	395	88	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	90	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10682	395	92	-	-	SYM
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easat-10682	395	94	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	395	95	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10682	395	96	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10682	396	4	]	]	X
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easat-10682	396	27	:	:	PUNCT
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easat-10682	396	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	396	36	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-10682	396	40	.	.	PROPN
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easat-10682	396	42	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	396	44	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	396	45	18	18	NUM
easat-10682	396	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	396	47	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10682	396	48	3728	3728	NUM
easat-10682	396	49	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	396	50	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10682	396	51	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10682	398	2	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	398	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-10682	398	9	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	398	17	s.	s.	PROPN
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easat-10682	398	40	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	398	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	398	45	p.	p.	NOUN
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easat-10682	398	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	398	48	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10682	398	49	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10682	400	27	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	400	28	a	a	DET
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easat-10682	400	37	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	400	41	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	400	44	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-10682	400	46	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-10682	402	2	12	12	NUM
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easat-10682	402	49	computer	computer	NOUN
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easat-10682	402	51	(	(	PUNCT
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easat-10682	402	54	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	402	55	pp	pp	X
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easat-10682	402	57	810	810	NUM
easat-10682	402	58	-	-	SYM
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easat-10682	402	60	)	)	PUNCT
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easat-10682	403	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-10682	403	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	403	3	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10682	403	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	404	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	404	2	13	13	NUM
easat-10682	404	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-10682	404	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	404	18	a.	a.	NOUN
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easat-10682	404	34	a	a	DET
easat-10682	404	35	review	review	NOUN
easat-10682	404	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	404	37	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-10682	404	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	404	44	remote	remote	ADJ
easat-10682	404	45	sensing	sensing	NOUN
easat-10682	404	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	404	47	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	404	48	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	404	49	12	12	NUM
easat-10682	404	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	404	51	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10682	404	52	100062	100062	NUM
easat-10682	404	53	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	404	54	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10682	404	55	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	405	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophoto.2024.100062	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophoto.2024.100062	PRON
easat-10682	406	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	406	2	14	14	NUM
easat-10682	406	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	406	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10682	406	5	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10682	406	6	mezher	mezher	NOUN
easat-10682	406	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	406	8	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-10682	406	9	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-10682	406	10	marble	marble	PROPN
easat-10682	406	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	406	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	406	13	a	a	DET
easat-10682	406	14	novel	novel	ADJ
easat-10682	406	15	strategy	strategy	NOUN
easat-10682	406	16	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	406	17	improving	improve	VERB
easat-10682	406	18	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-10682	406	19	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	406	20	computer	computer	NOUN
easat-10682	406	21	vision	vision	NOUN
easat-10682	406	22	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
easat-10682	406	23	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	406	24	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-10682	406	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	406	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	406	27	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
easat-10682	406	28	preprint	preprint	NOUN
easat-10682	406	29	arxiv:2305.09407	arxiv:2305.09407	NOUN
easat-10682	406	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	406	31	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10682	406	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	407	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	407	2	15	15	NUM
easat-10682	407	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	407	4	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10682	407	5	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-10682	407	6	ang	ang	INTJ
easat-10682	407	7	et	et	PROPN
easat-10682	407	8	al	al	PROPN
easat-10682	407	9	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	407	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	407	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	407	12	optimizing	optimize	VERB
easat-10682	407	13	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	407	14	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	407	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	407	16	automated	automate	VERB
easat-10682	407	17	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	407	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	407	19	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-10682	407	20	crafting	craft	VERB
easat-10682	407	21	with	with	ADP
easat-10682	407	22	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	407	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	407	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-10682	407	25	hyperparameter	hyperparameter	NOUN
easat-10682	407	26	tuning	tuning	NOUN
easat-10682	407	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	407	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	407	29	biomimetics	biomimetic	NOUN
easat-10682	407	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	407	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	407	32	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	407	33	8	8	NUM
easat-10682	407	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	407	35	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	407	36	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	407	37	7	7	NUM
easat-10682	407	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	407	39	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10682	407	40	525	525	NUM
easat-10682	407	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	407	42	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10682	407	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	408	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8070525	https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8070525	NOUN
easat-10682	409	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	409	2	16	16	NUM
easat-10682	409	3	]	]	X
easat-10682	409	4	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-10682	409	5	fu	fu	PROPN
easat-10682	409	6	et	et	PROPN
easat-10682	409	7	al	al	PROPN
easat-10682	409	8	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	409	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	409	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	409	11	a	a	DET
easat-10682	409	12	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-10682	409	13	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	409	14	scale	scale	ADJ
easat-10682	409	15	pooling	pool	VERB
easat-10682	409	16	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-10682	409	17	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	409	18	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	409	19	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	409	20	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-10682	409	21	steel	steel	NOUN
easat-10682	409	22	surface	surface	NOUN
easat-10682	409	23	defects	defect	NOUN
easat-10682	409	24	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	409	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	409	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	409	27	frontiers	frontier	NOUN
easat-10682	409	28	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	409	29	neurorobotics	neurorobotic	NOUN
easat-10682	409	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	409	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	409	32	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	409	33	17	17	NUM
easat-10682	409	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	409	35	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10682	409	36	1096083	1096083	NUM
easat-10682	409	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	409	38	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10682	409	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	410	1	https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1096083	https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1096083	PROPN
easat-10682	410	2	[	[	X
easat-10682	410	3	17	17	NUM
easat-10682	410	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	410	5	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-10682	410	6	cao	cao	PROPN
easat-10682	410	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	410	8	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-10682	410	9	gu	gu	PROPN
easat-10682	410	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	410	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	410	12	x.	x.	NOUN
easat-10682	410	13	guo	guo	PROPN
easat-10682	410	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	410	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	410	16	feasibility	feasibility	NOUN
easat-10682	410	17	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	410	18	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	410	19	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	410	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	410	21	a	a	DET
easat-10682	410	22	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
easat-10682	410	23	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-10682	410	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	410	25	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	410	26	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
easat-10682	410	27	preprint	preprint	NOUN
easat-10682	410	28	arxiv:2305.12985	arxiv:2305.12985	NOUN
easat-10682	410	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	410	30	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10682	410	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	411	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	411	2	18	18	NUM
easat-10682	411	3	]	]	X
easat-10682	411	4	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-10682	411	5	yuen	yuen	PROPN
easat-10682	411	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	411	7	x.	x.	NOUN
easat-10682	411	8	dong	dong	PROPN
easat-10682	411	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	411	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	411	11	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-10682	411	12	lu	lu	PROPN
easat-10682	411	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	411	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	411	15	a	a	DET
easat-10682	411	16	3d	3d	PROPN
easat-10682	411	17	ray	ray	NOUN
easat-10682	411	18	traced	trace	VERB
easat-10682	411	19	biological	biological	ADJ
easat-10682	411	20	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	411	21	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	411	22	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-10682	411	23	model	model	NOUN
easat-10682	411	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	411	25	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	411	26	nature	nature	NOUN
easat-10682	411	27	communications	communication	NOUN
easat-10682	411	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	411	29	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	411	30	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	411	31	15	15	NUM
easat-10682	411	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	411	33	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10682	411	34	4693	4693	NUM
easat-10682	411	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	411	36	2024	2024	NUM
easat-10682	411	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	412	1	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48747-7	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48747-7	VERB
easat-10682	413	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	413	2	19	19	NUM
easat-10682	413	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10682	413	5	longo	longo	PROPN
easat-10682	413	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	7	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10682	413	8	rizzi	rizzi	PROPN
easat-10682	413	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	413	11	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-10682	413	12	guaragnella	guaragnella	NOUN
easat-10682	413	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	15	improving	improve	VERB
easat-10682	413	16	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	413	17	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-10682	413	18	by	by	ADP
easat-10682	413	19	addressing	address	VERB
easat-10682	413	20	dataset	dataset	ADJ
easat-10682	413	21	imbalance	imbalance	NOUN
easat-10682	413	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	23	a	a	DET
easat-10682	413	24	case	case	NOUN
easat-10682	413	25	study	study	NOUN
easat-10682	413	26	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	413	27	pest	pest	NOUN
easat-10682	413	28	management	management	NOUN
easat-10682	413	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	31	applied	apply	VERB
easat-10682	413	32	sciences	science	NOUN
easat-10682	413	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	34	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	413	35	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	413	36	15	15	NUM
easat-10682	413	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	38	no	no	INTJ
easat-10682	413	39	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	413	40	10	10	NUM
easat-10682	413	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	42	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10682	413	43	5385	5385	NUM
easat-10682	413	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	413	45	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	413	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	414	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/app15105385	https://doi.org/10.3390/app15105385	NOUN
easat-10682	415	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	415	2	20	20	NUM
easat-10682	415	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	415	4	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10682	415	5	khazaee	khazaee	PROPN
easat-10682	415	6	fadafen	fadafen	PROPN
easat-10682	415	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	415	8	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10682	415	9	rezaee	rezaee	PROPN
easat-10682	415	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	415	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	415	12	ensemble	ensemble	ADJ
easat-10682	415	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	415	14	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	415	15	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-10682	415	16	-	-	ADJ
easat-10682	415	17	tissue	tissue	ADJ
easat-10682	415	18	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	415	19	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-10682	415	20	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	415	21	colorectal	colorectal	ADJ
easat-10682	415	22	cancer	cancer	NOUN
easat-10682	415	23	histology	histology	NOUN
easat-10682	415	24	images	image	NOUN
easat-10682	415	25	using	use	VERB
easat-10682	415	26	a	a	DET
easat-10682	415	27	novel	novel	ADJ
easat-10682	415	28	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
easat-10682	415	29	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	415	30	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	415	31	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-10682	415	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	415	33	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	415	34	scientific	scientific	ADJ
easat-10682	415	35	reports	report	NOUN
easat-10682	415	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	415	37	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	415	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-10682	415	39	13	13	NUM
easat-10682	415	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	415	41	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-10682	415	42	8823	8823	NUM
easat-10682	415	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	415	44	2023	2023	NUM
easat-10682	415	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	416	1	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35431-x	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35431-x	NOUN
easat-10682	416	2	[	[	X
easat-10682	416	3	21	21	NUM
easat-10682	416	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	416	5	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-10682	416	6	shen	shen	PROPN
easat-10682	416	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	416	8	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-10682	416	9	zhu	zhu	PROPN
easat-10682	416	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	416	11	z.	z.	PROPN
easat-10682	416	12	zhao	zhao	PROPN
easat-10682	416	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	416	14	z.	z.	PROPN
easat-10682	416	15	li	li	PROPN
easat-10682	416	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	416	17	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-10682	416	18	wu	wu	PROPN
easat-10682	416	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	416	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	416	21	f.	f.	PROPN
easat-10682	416	22	wu	wu	PROPN
easat-10682	416	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	416	24	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	416	25	will	will	AUX
easat-10682	416	26	llms	llm	VERB
easat-10682	416	27	scaling	scale	VERB
easat-10682	416	28	hit	hit	VERB
easat-10682	416	29	the	the	DET
easat-10682	416	30	wall	wall	NOUN
easat-10682	416	31	?	?	PUNCT
easat-10682	417	1	breaking	break	VERB
easat-10682	417	2	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-10682	417	3	via	via	ADP
easat-10682	417	4	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-10682	417	5	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-10682	417	6	on	on	ADP
easat-10682	417	7	massive	massive	ADJ
easat-10682	417	8	edge	edge	NOUN
easat-10682	417	9	devices	device	NOUN
easat-10682	417	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	417	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	417	12	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
easat-10682	417	13	preprint	preprint	NOUN
easat-10682	417	14	arxiv:2503.08223	arxiv:2503.08223	PROPN
easat-10682	417	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	417	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-10682	417	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	418	2	22	22	NUM
easat-10682	418	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	4	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-10682	418	5	pham	pham	PROPN
easat-10682	418	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	7	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-10682	418	8	tran	tran	PROPN
easat-10682	418	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	10	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-10682	418	11	ngo	ngo	PROPN
easat-10682	418	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	13	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-10682	418	14	lampert	lampert	PROPN
easat-10682	418	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	418	17	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-10682	418	18	schindler	schindler	NOUN
easat-10682	418	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	20	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	21	remote	remote	ADJ
easat-10682	418	22	sensing	sense	VERB
easat-10682	418	23	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	418	24	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-10682	418	25	using	use	VERB
easat-10682	418	26	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-10682	418	27	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	418	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	418	29	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-10682	418	30	-	-	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	31	based	base	VERB
easat-10682	418	32	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	418	33	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-10682	418	34	network	network	NOUN
easat-10682	418	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	36	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	37	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	418	38	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	418	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	418	40	signal	signal	NOUN
easat-10682	418	41	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-10682	418	42	for	for	ADP
easat-10682	418	43	remote	remote	ADJ
easat-10682	418	44	sensing	sense	VERB
easat-10682	418	45	xxviii	xxviii	PROPN
easat-10682	418	46	(	(	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	47	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-10682	418	48	.	.	NOUN
easat-10682	418	49	12267	12267	NUM
easat-10682	418	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	418	51	pp	pp	ADV
easat-10682	418	52	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	419	1	144	144	NUM
easat-10682	419	2	-	-	SYM
easat-10682	419	3	151	151	NUM
easat-10682	419	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-10682	419	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	420	1	spie	spie	NOUN
easat-10682	420	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	420	3	2022	2022	NUM
easat-10682	420	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-10682	421	1	[	[	X
easat-10682	421	2	23	23	NUM
easat-10682	421	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-10682	421	4	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-10682	421	5	trigka	trigka	PROPN
easat-10682	421	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-10682	421	7	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-10682	421	8	dritsas	dritsas	PROPN
easat-10682	421	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	421	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-10682	421	11	a	a	DET
easat-10682	421	12	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-10682	421	13	survey	survey	NOUN
easat-10682	421	14	of	of	ADP
easat-10682	421	15	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-10682	421	16	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-10682	421	17	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-10682	421	18	in	in	ADP
easat-10682	421	19	image	image	NOUN
easat-10682	421	20	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-10682	421	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-10682	421	22	"	"	PUNCT
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