id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
easat-2162	1	1	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	1	2	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	1	3	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	1	5	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	1	6	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	8	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	1	9	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	1	10	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	1	12	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	1	13	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	1	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	15	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	1	16	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	1	17	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	1	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	19	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	1	20	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	1	21	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	1	22	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	1	23	publisher	publisher	NOUN
easat-2162	1	24	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	25	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	1	26	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-2162	1	27	doi	doi	PROPN
easat-2162	1	28	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	29	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	1	30	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	1	31	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	1	32	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	1	33	the	the	DET
easat-2162	1	34	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	1	35	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	36	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	1	37	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	1	38	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-2162	1	39	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	1	40	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	1	41	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	1	42	the	the	DET
easat-2162	1	43	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	1	44	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	45	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	1	46	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	1	47	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-2162	1	48	*	*	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	49	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
easat-2162	1	50	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	51	koutchade2@yahoo.fr	koutchade2@yahoo.fr	PROPN
easat-2162	1	52	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	1	53	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	1	54	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	1	55	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	1	56	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	1	57	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	1	58	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	1	59	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	1	60	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	1	61	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	1	62	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	1	63	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	64	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	1	65	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	1	66	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-2162	1	67	omolegbé	omolegbé	PROPN
easat-2162	1	68	albert	albert	PROPN
easat-2162	1	69	koukpossi1	koukpossi1	PROPN
easat-2162	1	70	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	71	assogba	assogba	PROPN
easat-2162	1	72	evariste	evariste	PROPN
easat-2162	1	73	kottin2	kottin2	PROPN
easat-2162	1	74	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	75	crépin	crépin	PROPN
easat-2162	1	76	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-2162	1	77	loko3	loko3	PROPN
easat-2162	1	78	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	79	innocent	innocent	ADJ
easat-2162	1	80	sourou	sourou	NOUN
easat-2162	1	81	koutchade4	koutchade4	PROPN
easat-2162	1	82	*	*	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	83	mawumèvo	mawumèvo	PROPN
easat-2162	1	84	tchérak	tchérak	NOUN
easat-2162	1	85	dossou5	dossou5	PROPN
easat-2162	1	86	1,2,3,4,5département	1,2,3,4,5département	NUM
easat-2162	1	87	d’anglais	d’anglais	PROPN
easat-2162	1	88	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	89	faculté	faculté	PROPN
easat-2162	1	90	des	des	X
easat-2162	1	91	lettres	lettres	PROPN
easat-2162	1	92	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	93	langues	langue	NOUN
easat-2162	1	94	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	95	arts	art	NOUN
easat-2162	1	96	et	et	NOUN
easat-2162	1	97	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-2162	1	98	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	99	université	université	NOUN
easat-2162	1	100	d’abomey	d’abomey	NOUN
easat-2162	1	101	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	102	calavi	calavi	NOUN
easat-2162	1	103	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	104	fllac	fllac	ADJ
easat-2162	1	105	/	/	SYM
easat-2162	1	106	uac	uac	NOUN
easat-2162	1	107	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	108	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	109	république	république	PROPN
easat-2162	1	110	du	du	PROPN
easat-2162	1	111	bénin	bénin	PROPN
easat-2162	1	112	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	113	01	01	NUM
easat-2162	1	114	bp	bp	PROPN
easat-2162	1	115	526	526	NUM
easat-2162	1	116	cotonou	cotonou	NOUN
easat-2162	1	117	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	1	118	koukpossialbert@gmail.com	koukpossialbert@gmail.com	X
easat-2162	2	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	2	2	o.a.k	o.a.k	ADJ
easat-2162	2	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	2	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	3	1	kottinevariste@yahoo.fr	kottinevariste@yahoo.fr	PROPN
easat-2162	3	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	3	3	a.e.k	a.e.k	PROPN
easat-2162	3	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	3	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	4	1	crepinloko10@gmail.com	crepinloko10@gmail.com	X
easat-2162	4	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	4	3	c.d.l	c.d.l	PROPN
easat-2162	4	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	4	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	5	1	koutchade2@yahoo.fr	koutchade2@yahoo.fr	NOUN
easat-2162	5	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	5	3	i.s.k	i.s.k	NOUN
easat-2162	5	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	5	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	6	1	dossoutcherak@gmail.com	dossoutcherak@gmail.com	X
easat-2162	7	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	7	2	m.t.d	m.t.d	PROPN
easat-2162	7	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	7	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	7	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	8	1	abstract	abstract	ADV
easat-2162	8	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	8	3	this	this	DET
easat-2162	8	4	paper	paper	NOUN
easat-2162	8	5	investigates	investigate	VERB
easat-2162	8	6	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	8	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	8	8	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	8	9	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-2162	8	10	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	8	11	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	8	12	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	8	13	among	among	ADP
easat-2162	8	14	english	english	PROPN
easat-2162	8	15	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	8	16	a	a	DET
easat-2162	8	17	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-2162	8	18	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	8	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	8	20	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	8	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	8	22	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	8	23	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	8	24	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	8	25	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	8	26	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	8	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	9	1	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	9	2	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	9	3	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	9	4	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-2162	9	5	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	9	6	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	9	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	9	8	literacy	literacy	NOUN
easat-2162	9	9	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	9	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	9	11	as	as	ADV
easat-2162	9	12	well	well	ADV
easat-2162	9	13	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	9	14	success	success	NOUN
easat-2162	9	15	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	9	16	all	all	DET
easat-2162	9	17	domains	domain	NOUN
easat-2162	9	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	10	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	10	2	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-2162	10	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	10	4	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	10	5	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	10	6	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	10	7	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	10	8	contexts	context	NOUN
easat-2162	10	9	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	10	10	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-2162	10	11	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-2162	10	12	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	10	13	a	a	DET
easat-2162	10	14	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-2162	10	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	10	16	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-2162	10	17	setting	setting	NOUN
easat-2162	10	18	like	like	ADP
easat-2162	10	19	benin	benin	PROPN
easat-2162	10	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	11	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	11	2	mixed	mix	VERB
easat-2162	11	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	11	4	methods	method	NOUN
easat-2162	11	5	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	11	6	combines	combine	VERB
easat-2162	11	7	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-2162	11	8	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-2162	11	9	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	11	10	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	11	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	11	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	11	13	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-2162	11	14	surveys	survey	NOUN
easat-2162	11	15	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	11	16	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	11	17	school	school	NOUN
easat-2162	11	18	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	11	19	to	to	PART
easat-2162	11	20	identify	identify	VERB
easat-2162	11	21	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	11	22	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	11	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	12	1	results	result	NOUN
easat-2162	12	2	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-2162	12	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	12	4	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	12	5	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	12	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	12	7	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	12	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	12	9	based	base	VERB
easat-2162	12	10	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	12	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	12	12	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	12	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	12	14	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	12	15	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	12	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	12	17	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	12	18	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	12	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	12	20	writing	write	VERB
easat-2162	12	21	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	12	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	12	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	12	24	the	the	DET
easat-2162	12	25	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-2162	12	26	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	12	27	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	12	28	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	12	29	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	12	30	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	12	31	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	12	32	the	the	DET
easat-2162	12	33	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	12	34	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	12	35	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	12	36	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	12	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	13	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	13	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	13	3	's	's	PART
easat-2162	13	4	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-2162	13	5	suggest	suggest	VERB
easat-2162	13	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	13	7	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-2162	13	8	these	these	DET
easat-2162	13	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	13	10	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	13	11	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	13	12	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	13	13	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	13	14	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-2162	13	15	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	13	16	the	the	DET
easat-2162	13	17	success	success	NOUN
easat-2162	13	18	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	13	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	13	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	13	21	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	13	22	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	13	23	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	13	24	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	13	25	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	13	26	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	13	27	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	13	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	14	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
easat-2162	14	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	14	3	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	14	4	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	14	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	14	6	curriculum	curriculum	PROPN
easat-2162	14	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	14	8	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	14	9	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	14	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	14	11	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-2162	14	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	14	13	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	14	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	15	1	1	1	X
easat-2162	15	2	.	.	X
easat-2162	15	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-2162	15	4	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-2162	15	5	the	the	DET
easat-2162	15	6	recognition	recognition	NOUN
easat-2162	15	7	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	15	8	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	15	9	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	15	10	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	15	11	a	a	DET
easat-2162	15	12	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-2162	15	13	skill	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	15	14	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	15	15	lifelong	lifelong	ADJ
easat-2162	15	16	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	15	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	15	18	successful	successful	ADJ
easat-2162	15	19	participation	participation	NOUN
easat-2162	15	20	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	15	21	society	society	NOUN
easat-2162	15	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	15	23	paul	paul	PROPN
easat-2162	15	24	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	15	25	elder	elder	NOUN
easat-2162	15	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	15	27	2008	2008	NUM
easat-2162	15	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	15	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	15	30	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	15	31	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-2162	15	32	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	15	33	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	15	34	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	15	35	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	15	36	often	often	ADV
easat-2162	15	37	struggle	struggle	VERB
easat-2162	15	38	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	15	39	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	15	40	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-2162	15	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	15	42	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	15	43	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	15	44	solving	solving	NOUN
easat-2162	15	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	16	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-2162	16	2	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	16	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	16	4	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	16	5	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	16	6	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	16	7	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	16	8	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
easat-2162	16	9	basic	basic	ADJ
easat-2162	16	10	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	16	11	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	16	12	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	16	13	listening	listen	VERB
easat-2162	16	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	16	15	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-2162	16	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	16	17	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	16	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	16	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	16	20	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-2162	16	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	16	22	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	16	23	may	may	AUX
easat-2162	16	24	lack	lack	VERB
easat-2162	16	25	the	the	DET
easat-2162	16	26	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	16	27	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	16	28	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	16	29	necessary	necessary	ADJ
easat-2162	16	30	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	16	31	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-2162	16	32	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	16	33	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-2162	16	34	ideas	idea	NOUN
easat-2162	16	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	16	36	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	16	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	17	1	bankole	bankole	NOUN
easat-2162	17	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	17	3	minaflinou	minaflinou	NOUN
easat-2162	17	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	17	5	2018	2018	NUM
easat-2162	17	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	17	7	observes	observe	VERB
easat-2162	17	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	17	9	a	a	DET
easat-2162	17	10	focus	focus	NOUN
easat-2162	17	11	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	17	12	memorization	memorization	NOUN
easat-2162	17	13	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	17	14	lead	lead	VERB
easat-2162	17	15	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	17	16	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	17	17	lacking	lack	VERB
easat-2162	17	18	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	17	19	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	17	20	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	17	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	17	22	even	even	ADV
easat-2162	17	23	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	17	24	upper	upper	ADJ
easat-2162	17	25	sixth	sixth	ADJ
easat-2162	17	26	form	form	NOUN
easat-2162	17	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	18	1	assogba	assogba	PROPN
easat-2162	18	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	18	3	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	18	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	18	5	further	further	ADJ
easat-2162	18	6	highlights	highlight	NOUN
easat-2162	18	7	this	this	DET
easat-2162	18	8	issue	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	18	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	18	10	finding	find	VERB
easat-2162	18	11	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	18	12	beninese	beninese	NOUN
easat-2162	18	13	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	18	14	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	18	15	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
easat-2162	18	16	relatively	relatively	ADV
easat-2162	18	17	low	low	ADJ
easat-2162	18	18	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	18	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	18	20	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	18	21	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-2162	18	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	19	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	19	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	19	3	aims	aim	VERB
easat-2162	19	4	to	to	PART
easat-2162	19	5	identify	identify	VERB
easat-2162	19	6	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	19	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	19	8	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	19	9	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-2162	19	10	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	19	11	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	19	12	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	19	13	among	among	ADP
easat-2162	19	14	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	19	15	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	19	16	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	19	17	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	19	18	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	19	19	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	19	20	to	to	PART
easat-2162	19	21	address	address	VERB
easat-2162	19	22	this	this	DET
easat-2162	19	23	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	19	24	gap	gap	NOUN
easat-2162	19	25	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	19	26	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	19	27	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	19	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	20	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-2162	20	2	the	the	DET
easat-2162	20	3	growing	grow	VERB
easat-2162	20	4	recognition	recognition	NOUN
easat-2162	20	5	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	20	6	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	20	7	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	20	8	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	20	9	a	a	DET
easat-2162	20	10	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-2162	20	11	skill	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	20	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	20	13	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	20	14	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-2162	20	15	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	20	16	beninese	beninese	VERB
easat-2162	20	17	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	20	18	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	20	19	struggle	struggle	VERB
easat-2162	20	20	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	20	21	applying	apply	VERB
easat-2162	20	22	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	20	23	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	20	24	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	20	25	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	20	26	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	20	27	studies	study	NOUN
easat-2162	20	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	21	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	21	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	21	3	investigates	investigate	VERB
easat-2162	21	4	the	the	DET
easat-2162	21	5	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	21	6	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	21	7	current	current	ADJ
easat-2162	21	8	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	21	9	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	21	10	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	21	11	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	21	12	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	21	13	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	21	14	beninese	beninese	PROPN
easat-2162	21	15	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	21	16	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	21	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	21	18	seeks	seek	VERB
easat-2162	21	19	to	to	PART
easat-2162	21	20	identify	identify	VERB
easat-2162	21	21	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	21	22	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	21	23	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	21	24	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	21	25	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	21	26	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	21	27	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	21	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	22	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	22	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	22	3	aims	aim	VERB
easat-2162	22	4	to	to	PART
easat-2162	22	5	address	address	VERB
easat-2162	22	6	the	the	DET
easat-2162	22	7	following	follow	VERB
easat-2162	22	8	questions	question	NOUN
easat-2162	22	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	22	10	rq1	rq1	NOUN
easat-2162	22	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	22	12	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	22	13	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	22	14	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	22	15	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	22	16	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	22	17	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-2162	22	18	taught	teach	VERB
easat-2162	22	19	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	22	20	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	22	21	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	22	22	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	22	23	?	?	PUNCT
easat-2162	23	1	rq2	rq2	NOUN
easat-2162	23	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	23	3	what	what	DET
easat-2162	23	4	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	23	5	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	23	6	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	23	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	23	8	use	use	VERB
easat-2162	23	9	to	to	PART
easat-2162	23	10	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-2162	23	11	teach	teach	VERB
easat-2162	23	12	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	23	13	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	23	14	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	23	15	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	23	16	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	23	17	?	?	PUNCT
easat-2162	24	1	rq3	rq3	NOUN
easat-2162	24	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	24	3	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	24	4	does	do	AUX
easat-2162	24	5	the	the	DET
easat-2162	24	6	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-2162	24	7	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	24	8	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	24	9	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	24	10	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	24	11	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	24	12	the	the	DET
easat-2162	24	13	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	24	14	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	24	15	affect	affect	VERB
easat-2162	24	16	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	24	17	'	'	PART
easat-2162	24	18	analytical	analytical	ADJ
easat-2162	24	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	24	20	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
easat-2162	24	21	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	24	22	?	?	PUNCT
easat-2162	25	1	based	base	VERB
easat-2162	25	2	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	25	3	these	these	DET
easat-2162	25	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	25	5	questions	question	NOUN
easat-2162	25	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	25	7	the	the	DET
easat-2162	25	8	following	follow	VERB
easat-2162	25	9	hypotheses	hypothesis	NOUN
easat-2162	25	10	have	have	AUX
easat-2162	25	11	been	be	AUX
easat-2162	25	12	formulated	formulate	VERB
easat-2162	25	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	25	14	770	770	NUM
easat-2162	25	15	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	25	16	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	25	17	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	25	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	25	19	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	25	20	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	25	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	25	22	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	25	23	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	25	24	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	25	25	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	25	26	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	25	27	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	25	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	25	29	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	25	30	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	26	1	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	26	2	:	:	SYM
easat-2162	26	3	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	26	4	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	26	5	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	26	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	26	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	26	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-2162	26	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	26	10	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	26	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	26	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	26	13	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	26	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	26	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	26	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	26	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	26	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	26	19	gate	gate	VERB
easat-2162	26	20	rh1	rh1	NOUN
easat-2162	26	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	26	22	the	the	DET
easat-2162	26	23	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	26	24	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	26	25	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	26	26	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	26	27	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	26	28	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	26	29	often	often	ADV
easat-2162	26	30	underemphasized	underemphasize	VERB
easat-2162	26	31	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	26	32	benin	benin	PROPN
easat-2162	26	33	's	's	PART
easat-2162	26	34	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	26	35	system	system	NOUN
easat-2162	26	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	27	1	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-2162	27	2	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	27	3	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	27	4	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	27	5	design	design	NOUN
easat-2162	27	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	27	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	27	8	training	training	NOUN
easat-2162	27	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	27	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	27	11	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	27	12	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	27	13	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	27	14	impact	impact	VERB
easat-2162	27	15	the	the	DET
easat-2162	27	16	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	27	17	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	27	18	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	27	19	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	27	20	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	27	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	1	rh2	rh2	PROPN
easat-2162	28	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	3	to	to	PART
easat-2162	28	4	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-2162	28	5	teach	teach	VERB
easat-2162	28	6	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	28	7	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	28	8	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	28	9	english	english	PROPN
easat-2162	28	10	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	28	11	a	a	DET
easat-2162	28	12	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-2162	28	13	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	28	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	15	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	28	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	17	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	28	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	19	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	28	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	28	21	must	must	AUX
easat-2162	28	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	23	•	•	VERB
easat-2162	28	24	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
easat-2162	28	25	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	28	26	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	28	27	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	28	28	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	28	29	challenge	challenge	VERB
easat-2162	28	30	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	28	31	to	to	PART
easat-2162	28	32	analyze	analyze	VERB
easat-2162	28	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	34	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	28	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	28	37	create	create	VERB
easat-2162	28	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	39	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	28	40	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	28	41	debates	debate	NOUN
easat-2162	28	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	43	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	28	44	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	45	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	28	46	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	28	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	28	48	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	28	49	case	case	NOUN
easat-2162	28	50	studies	study	NOUN
easat-2162	28	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	29	1	•	•	NUM
easat-2162	29	2	integrate	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	29	3	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	29	4	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	29	5	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	29	6	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	29	7	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	29	8	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	29	9	encouraging	encourage	VERB
easat-2162	29	10	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	29	11	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	29	12	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	29	13	critically	critically	ADV
easat-2162	29	14	analyse	analyse	NOUN
easat-2162	29	15	texts	text	NOUN
easat-2162	29	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	29	17	discuss	discuss	VERB
easat-2162	29	18	different	different	ADJ
easat-2162	29	19	viewpoints	viewpoint	NOUN
easat-2162	29	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	29	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	29	22	develop	develop	VERB
easat-2162	29	23	arguments	argument	NOUN
easat-2162	29	24	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	29	25	both	both	PRON
easat-2162	29	26	spoken	speak	VERB
easat-2162	29	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	29	28	written	write	VERB
easat-2162	29	29	english	english	PROPN
easat-2162	29	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	30	1	•	•	NUM
easat-2162	30	2	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	30	3	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
easat-2162	30	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	30	5	support	support	NOUN
easat-2162	30	6	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	30	7	using	use	VERB
easat-2162	30	8	structured	structured	ADJ
easat-2162	30	9	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-2162	30	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	30	11	prompts	prompt	NOUN
easat-2162	30	12	to	to	PART
easat-2162	30	13	guide	guide	VERB
easat-2162	30	14	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	30	15	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	30	16	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	30	17	thinking	think	VERB
easat-2162	30	18	critically	critically	ADV
easat-2162	30	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	31	1	gradually	gradually	ADV
easat-2162	31	2	increase	increase	VERB
easat-2162	31	3	the	the	DET
easat-2162	31	4	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-2162	31	5	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	31	6	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	31	7	as	as	SCONJ
easat-2162	31	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	31	9	become	become	VERB
easat-2162	31	10	more	more	ADV
easat-2162	31	11	proficient	proficient	ADJ
easat-2162	31	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	32	1	•	•	NUM
easat-2162	32	2	promote	promote	VERB
easat-2162	32	3	reflection	reflection	NOUN
easat-2162	32	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	32	5	metacognition	metacognition	NOUN
easat-2162	32	6	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	32	7	encouraging	encourage	VERB
easat-2162	32	8	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	32	9	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	32	10	to	to	PART
easat-2162	32	11	reflect	reflect	VERB
easat-2162	32	12	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	32	13	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	32	14	own	own	ADJ
easat-2162	32	15	thought	thought	NOUN
easat-2162	32	16	processes	process	NOUN
easat-2162	32	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	32	18	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
easat-2162	32	19	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	32	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	32	21	which	which	PRON
easat-2162	32	22	helps	help	VERB
easat-2162	32	23	develop	develop	VERB
easat-2162	32	24	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	32	25	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	32	26	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	32	27	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	32	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	33	1	rh3	rh3	PROPN
easat-2162	33	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	33	3	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	33	4	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-2162	33	5	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	33	6	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-2162	33	7	texts	text	NOUN
easat-2162	33	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	33	9	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	33	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	33	11	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	33	12	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	33	13	learn	learn	VERB
easat-2162	33	14	to	to	PART
easat-2162	33	15	dissect	dissect	VERB
easat-2162	33	16	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	33	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	33	18	identify	identify	VERB
easat-2162	33	19	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-2162	33	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	33	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	33	22	make	make	VERB
easat-2162	33	23	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-2162	33	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	34	1	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	34	2	practice	practice	VERB
easat-2162	34	3	assessing	assess	VERB
easat-2162	34	4	the	the	DET
easat-2162	34	5	credibility	credibility	NOUN
easat-2162	34	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	34	7	relevance	relevance	NOUN
easat-2162	34	8	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	34	9	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	34	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	34	11	leading	lead	VERB
easat-2162	34	12	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	34	13	better	well	ADJ
easat-2162	34	14	judgment	judgment	NOUN
easat-2162	34	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	34	16	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-2162	34	17	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	34	18	making	make	VERB
easat-2162	34	19	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	34	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	35	1	as	as	SCONJ
easat-2162	35	2	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	35	3	analyse	analyse	VERB
easat-2162	35	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	35	5	discuss	discuss	VERB
easat-2162	35	6	content	content	NOUN
easat-2162	35	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	35	8	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	35	9	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
easat-2162	35	10	improve	improve	VERB
easat-2162	35	11	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	35	12	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	35	13	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	35	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	35	15	including	include	VERB
easat-2162	35	16	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
easat-2162	35	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	35	18	grammar	grammar	NOUN
easat-2162	35	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	35	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	35	21	discourse	discourse	NOUN
easat-2162	35	22	structures	structure	NOUN
easat-2162	35	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	36	1	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-2162	36	2	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	36	3	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	36	4	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	36	5	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	36	6	increase	increase	VERB
easat-2162	36	7	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	36	8	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	36	9	'	'	PART
easat-2162	36	10	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-2162	36	11	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	36	12	using	use	VERB
easat-2162	36	13	english	english	PROPN
easat-2162	36	14	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	36	15	higher	high	ADJ
easat-2162	36	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	36	17	order	order	NOUN
easat-2162	36	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	36	19	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	36	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	37	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	37	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	37	3	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	37	4	focuses	focus	VERB
easat-2162	37	5	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	37	6	identifying	identify	VERB
easat-2162	37	7	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	37	8	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	37	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	37	10	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	37	11	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-2162	37	12	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	37	13	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	37	14	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	37	15	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	37	16	'	'	PART
easat-2162	37	17	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	37	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	37	19	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	37	20	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	37	21	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	37	22	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	37	23	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	37	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	38	1	1.1	1.1	NUM
easat-2162	38	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	39	1	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-2162	39	2	review	review	NOUN
easat-2162	39	3	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	39	4	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	39	5	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	39	6	an	an	DET
easat-2162	39	7	active	active	ADJ
easat-2162	39	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	39	9	skilful	skilful	ADJ
easat-2162	39	10	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
easat-2162	39	11	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	39	12	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	39	13	involves	involve	VERB
easat-2162	39	14	conceptualizing	conceptualize	VERB
easat-2162	39	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	39	16	applying	apply	VERB
easat-2162	39	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	39	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	39	19	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	39	20	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	39	21	to	to	PART
easat-2162	39	22	reach	reach	VERB
easat-2162	39	23	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
easat-2162	39	24	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	39	25	answers	answer	NOUN
easat-2162	39	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	39	27	scriven	scriven	NOUN
easat-2162	39	28	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	39	29	paul	paul	PROPN
easat-2162	39	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	39	31	2007	2007	NUM
easat-2162	39	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	39	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	40	1	key	key	ADJ
easat-2162	40	2	components	component	NOUN
easat-2162	40	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	40	4	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	40	5	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	40	6	include	include	VERB
easat-2162	40	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	40	8	examining	examine	VERB
easat-2162	40	9	arguments	argument	NOUN
easat-2162	40	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	40	11	ideas	idea	NOUN
easat-2162	40	12	critically	critically	ADV
easat-2162	40	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	40	14	identifying	identify	VERB
easat-2162	40	15	underlying	underlying	ADJ
easat-2162	40	16	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
easat-2162	40	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	40	18	judging	judge	VERB
easat-2162	40	19	the	the	DET
easat-2162	40	20	credibility	credibility	NOUN
easat-2162	40	21	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	40	22	sources	source	NOUN
easat-2162	40	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	40	24	the	the	DET
easat-2162	40	25	strength	strength	NOUN
easat-2162	40	26	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	40	27	arguments	argument	NOUN
easat-2162	40	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	40	29	drawing	draw	VERB
easat-2162	40	30	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
easat-2162	40	31	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
easat-2162	40	32	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	40	33	available	available	ADJ
easat-2162	40	34	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-2162	40	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	40	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	40	37	applying	apply	VERB
easat-2162	40	38	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	40	39	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	40	40	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	40	41	to	to	PART
easat-2162	40	42	solve	solve	VERB
easat-2162	40	43	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	40	44	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-2162	40	45	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	40	46	creatively	creatively	ADV
easat-2162	40	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	41	1	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	41	2	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	41	3	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	41	4	a	a	DET
easat-2162	41	5	cornerstone	cornerstone	NOUN
easat-2162	41	6	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	41	7	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	41	8	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	41	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	41	10	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
easat-2162	41	11	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	41	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	41	13	equipping	equip	VERB
easat-2162	41	14	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	41	15	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	41	16	the	the	DET
easat-2162	41	17	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	41	18	to	to	PART
easat-2162	41	19	analyse	analyse	VERB
easat-2162	41	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	41	21	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	41	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	41	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	41	24	synthesize	synthesize	VERB
easat-2162	41	25	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	41	26	objectively	objectively	ADV
easat-2162	41	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	41	28	rationally	rationally	ADV
easat-2162	41	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	42	1	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	42	2	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	42	3	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	42	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	42	5	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	42	6	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	42	7	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	42	8	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-2162	42	9	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-2162	42	10	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	42	11	navigating	navigate	VERB
easat-2162	42	12	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-2162	42	13	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	42	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	42	15	making	make	VERB
easat-2162	42	16	reasoned	reasoned	ADJ
easat-2162	42	17	decisions	decision	NOUN
easat-2162	42	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	42	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	42	20	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-2162	42	21	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	42	22	reflective	reflective	ADJ
easat-2162	42	23	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	42	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	43	1	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	43	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-2162	43	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	43	4	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	43	5	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	43	6	who	who	PRON
easat-2162	43	7	engage	engage	VERB
easat-2162	43	8	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	43	9	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	43	10	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	43	11	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-2162	43	12	tend	tend	VERB
easat-2162	43	13	to	to	PART
easat-2162	43	14	perform	perform	VERB
easat-2162	43	15	better	well	ADJ
easat-2162	43	16	academically	academically	ADV
easat-2162	43	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	43	18	abrami	abrami	PROPN
easat-2162	43	19	et	et	PROPN
easat-2162	43	20	al	al	PROPN
easat-2162	43	21	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	43	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	43	23	2015	2015	NUM
easat-2162	43	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	43	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	44	1	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	44	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-2162	44	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	44	4	a	a	DET
easat-2162	44	5	meta	meta	NOUN
easat-2162	44	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	44	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-2162	44	8	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	44	9	abrami	abrami	NOUN
easat-2162	44	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	44	11	colleagues	colleague	NOUN
easat-2162	44	12	found	find	VERB
easat-2162	44	13	a	a	DET
easat-2162	44	14	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-2162	44	15	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-2162	44	16	between	between	ADP
easat-2162	44	17	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	44	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	44	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	44	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	44	21	improved	improve	VERB
easat-2162	44	22	academic	academic	ADJ
easat-2162	44	23	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-2162	44	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	44	25	including	include	VERB
easat-2162	44	26	higher	high	ADJ
easat-2162	44	27	test	test	NOUN
easat-2162	44	28	scores	score	NOUN
easat-2162	44	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	44	30	grades	grade	NOUN
easat-2162	44	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	45	1	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	45	2	today	today	NOUN
easat-2162	45	3	’s	’s	PART
easat-2162	45	4	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
easat-2162	45	5	changing	change	VERB
easat-2162	45	6	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	45	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	45	8	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	45	9	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	45	10	need	need	VERB
easat-2162	45	11	to	to	PART
easat-2162	45	12	be	be	AUX
easat-2162	45	13	able	able	ADJ
easat-2162	45	14	to	to	PART
easat-2162	45	15	tackle	tackle	VERB
easat-2162	45	16	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-2162	45	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	45	18	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
easat-2162	45	19	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	45	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	46	1	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	46	2	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	46	3	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	46	4	enable	enable	VERB
easat-2162	46	5	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	46	6	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	46	7	to	to	PART
easat-2162	46	8	approach	approach	VERB
easat-2162	46	9	these	these	DET
easat-2162	46	10	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	46	11	methodically	methodically	ADV
easat-2162	46	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	46	13	devise	devise	VERB
easat-2162	46	14	innovative	innovative	ADJ
easat-2162	46	15	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-2162	46	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	46	17	facione	facione	NOUN
easat-2162	46	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	46	19	2015	2015	NUM
easat-2162	46	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	46	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	47	1	a	a	DET
easat-2162	47	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	47	3	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	47	4	king	king	NOUN
easat-2162	47	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	47	6	kitchener	kitchener	PROPN
easat-2162	47	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	47	8	2004	2004	NUM
easat-2162	47	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	47	10	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
easat-2162	47	11	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	47	12	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	47	13	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	47	14	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	47	15	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	47	16	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-2162	47	17	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	47	18	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	47	19	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	47	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	47	21	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	47	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	47	23	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-2162	47	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	47	25	making	making	NOUN
easat-2162	47	26	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	47	27	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	47	28	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	47	29	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	47	30	contexts	contexts	NOUN
easat-2162	47	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	48	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	48	2	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	48	3	to	to	PART
easat-2162	48	4	think	think	VERB
easat-2162	48	5	critically	critically	ADV
easat-2162	48	6	supports	support	VERB
easat-2162	48	7	lifelong	lifelong	ADJ
easat-2162	48	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	48	9	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	48	10	encouraging	encourage	VERB
easat-2162	48	11	continuous	continuous	ADJ
easat-2162	48	12	questioning	questioning	NOUN
easat-2162	48	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	48	14	self	self	NOUN
easat-2162	48	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	48	16	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	48	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	48	18	which	which	PRON
easat-2162	48	19	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	48	20	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-2162	48	21	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	48	22	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	48	23	adapting	adapt	VERB
easat-2162	48	24	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	48	25	new	new	ADJ
easat-2162	48	26	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	48	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	48	28	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	48	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	49	1	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	49	2	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	49	3	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	49	4	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	49	5	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
easat-2162	49	6	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-2162	49	7	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	49	8	both	both	CCONJ
easat-2162	49	9	the	the	DET
easat-2162	49	10	workplace	workplace	NOUN
easat-2162	49	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	49	12	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	49	13	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-2162	49	14	informed	informed	ADJ
easat-2162	49	15	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
easat-2162	49	16	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	49	17	a	a	DET
easat-2162	49	18	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
easat-2162	49	19	changing	change	VERB
easat-2162	49	20	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	49	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	50	1	as	as	SCONJ
easat-2162	50	2	more	more	ADJ
easat-2162	50	3	jobs	job	NOUN
easat-2162	50	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	50	5	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	50	6	evolve	evolve	VERB
easat-2162	50	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	50	8	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	50	9	thinkers	thinker	NOUN
easat-2162	50	10	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	50	11	better	well	ADV
easat-2162	50	12	equipped	equip	VERB
easat-2162	50	13	to	to	PART
easat-2162	50	14	adapt	adapt	VERB
easat-2162	50	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	50	16	learn	learn	VERB
easat-2162	50	17	new	new	ADJ
easat-2162	50	18	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	50	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	51	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	51	2	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
easat-2162	51	3	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	51	4	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-2162	51	5	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	51	6	today	today	NOUN
easat-2162	51	7	's	's	PART
easat-2162	51	8	workforce	workforce	NOUN
easat-2162	51	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	51	10	where	where	SCONJ
easat-2162	51	11	continuous	continuous	ADJ
easat-2162	51	12	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	51	13	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	51	14	often	often	ADV
easat-2162	51	15	necessary	necessary	ADJ
easat-2162	51	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	52	1	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	52	2	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	52	3	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	52	4	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	52	5	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-2162	52	6	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	52	7	informed	informed	ADJ
easat-2162	52	8	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
easat-2162	52	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	53	1	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	53	2	carefully	carefully	ADV
easat-2162	53	3	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	53	4	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	53	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	53	6	individuals	individual	NOUN
easat-2162	53	7	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	53	8	make	make	VERB
easat-2162	53	9	well	well	ADV
easat-2162	53	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	53	11	informed	inform	VERB
easat-2162	53	12	decisions	decision	NOUN
easat-2162	53	13	about	about	ADP
easat-2162	53	14	societal	societal	ADJ
easat-2162	53	15	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	53	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	53	17	contribute	contribute	VERB
easat-2162	53	18	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-2162	53	19	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	53	20	democratic	democratic	ADJ
easat-2162	53	21	processes	process	NOUN
easat-2162	53	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	53	23	levy	levy	NOUN
easat-2162	53	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	53	25	2019	2019	NUM
easat-2162	53	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	53	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	54	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	54	2	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	54	3	to	to	PART
easat-2162	54	4	critically	critically	ADV
easat-2162	54	5	analyse	analyse	VERB
easat-2162	54	6	media	medium	NOUN
easat-2162	54	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	54	8	political	political	ADJ
easat-2162	54	9	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	54	10	helps	help	VERB
easat-2162	54	11	combat	combat	VERB
easat-2162	54	12	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
easat-2162	54	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	54	14	supports	support	VERB
easat-2162	54	15	active	active	ADJ
easat-2162	54	16	participation	participation	NOUN
easat-2162	54	17	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	54	18	civic	civic	ADJ
easat-2162	54	19	life	life	NOUN
easat-2162	54	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	55	1	771	771	NUM
easat-2162	55	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	55	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	55	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	55	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	55	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	55	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	55	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	55	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	55	10	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	55	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	55	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	55	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	55	14	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	55	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	55	16	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	55	17	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	56	1	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	56	2	:	:	SYM
easat-2162	56	3	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	56	4	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	56	5	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	56	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	56	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	56	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-2162	56	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	56	10	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	56	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	56	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	56	13	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	56	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	56	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	56	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	56	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	56	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	56	19	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-2162	56	20	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	56	21	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	56	22	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
easat-2162	56	23	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	56	24	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	56	25	promotes	promote	VERB
easat-2162	56	26	independence	independence	NOUN
easat-2162	56	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	56	28	self	self	NOUN
easat-2162	56	29	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	56	30	direction	direction	NOUN
easat-2162	56	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	56	32	which	which	PRON
easat-2162	56	33	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	56	34	key	key	ADJ
easat-2162	56	35	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	56	36	both	both	CCONJ
easat-2162	56	37	personal	personal	ADJ
easat-2162	56	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	56	39	professional	professional	ADJ
easat-2162	56	40	success	success	NOUN
easat-2162	56	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	57	1	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	57	2	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-2162	57	3	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	57	4	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	57	5	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	57	6	throughout	throughout	ADP
easat-2162	57	7	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	57	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	57	9	we	we	PRON
easat-2162	57	10	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	57	11	empower	empower	VERB
easat-2162	57	12	individuals	individual	NOUN
easat-2162	57	13	to	to	PART
easat-2162	57	14	navigate	navigate	VERB
easat-2162	57	15	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-2162	57	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	57	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	57	18	contribute	contribute	VERB
easat-2162	57	19	positively	positively	ADV
easat-2162	57	20	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	57	21	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	57	22	communities	community	NOUN
easat-2162	57	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	57	24	the	the	DET
easat-2162	57	25	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	57	26	around	around	ADP
easat-2162	57	27	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	57	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	58	1	1.1.1	1.1.1	X
easat-2162	58	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	58	3	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	58	4	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	58	5	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	58	6	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	58	7	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	58	8	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	58	9	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	58	10	hattie	hattie	PROPN
easat-2162	58	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	58	12	2015	2015	NUM
easat-2162	58	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	58	14	identifies	identify	VERB
easat-2162	58	15	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	58	16	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	58	17	as	as	SCONJ
easat-2162	58	18	follows	follow	VERB
easat-2162	58	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	58	20	1.1.1.1	1.1.1.1	NUM
easat-2162	58	21	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	58	22	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	58	23	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-2162	58	24	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	58	25	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	58	26	involves	involve	VERB
easat-2162	58	27	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	58	28	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	58	29	working	work	VERB
easat-2162	58	30	together	together	ADV
easat-2162	58	31	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	58	32	groups	group	NOUN
easat-2162	58	33	to	to	PART
easat-2162	58	34	achieve	achieve	VERB
easat-2162	58	35	common	common	ADJ
easat-2162	58	36	academic	academic	ADJ
easat-2162	58	37	goals	goal	NOUN
easat-2162	58	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	58	39	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	58	40	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	58	41	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	58	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	59	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	59	2	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	59	3	promotes	promote	VERB
easat-2162	59	4	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-2162	59	5	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-2162	59	6	through	through	ADP
easat-2162	59	7	peer	peer	NOUN
easat-2162	59	8	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-2162	59	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	59	10	shared	share	VERB
easat-2162	59	11	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	59	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	59	13	solving	solving	NOUN
easat-2162	59	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	60	1	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	60	2	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-2162	60	3	relies	rely	VERB
easat-2162	60	4	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	60	5	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-2162	60	6	roles	role	NOUN
easat-2162	60	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	60	8	equitable	equitable	ADJ
easat-2162	60	9	participation	participation	NOUN
easat-2162	60	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	60	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	60	12	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	60	13	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-2162	60	14	among	among	ADP
easat-2162	60	15	group	group	NOUN
easat-2162	60	16	members	member	NOUN
easat-2162	60	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	60	18	as	as	SCONJ
easat-2162	60	19	these	these	DET
easat-2162	60	20	elements	element	NOUN
easat-2162	60	21	promote	promote	VERB
easat-2162	60	22	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-2162	60	23	interdependence	interdependence	NOUN
easat-2162	60	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	60	25	individual	individual	ADJ
easat-2162	60	26	accountability	accountability	NOUN
easat-2162	60	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	60	28	johnson	johnson	PROPN
easat-2162	60	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	60	30	johnson	johnson	PROPN
easat-2162	60	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	60	32	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	60	33	smith	smith	PROPN
easat-2162	60	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	60	35	2014	2014	NUM
easat-2162	60	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	60	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	61	1	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	61	2	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	61	3	’	'	PUNCT
easat-2162	61	4	success	success	NOUN
easat-2162	61	5	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	61	6	a	a	DET
easat-2162	61	7	group	group	NOUN
easat-2162	61	8	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	61	9	linked	link	VERB
easat-2162	61	10	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	61	11	the	the	DET
easat-2162	61	12	success	success	NOUN
easat-2162	61	13	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	61	14	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	61	15	peers	peer	NOUN
easat-2162	61	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	61	17	meaning	mean	VERB
easat-2162	61	18	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	61	19	each	each	DET
easat-2162	61	20	member	member	NOUN
easat-2162	61	21	’s	’s	PART
easat-2162	61	22	contribution	contribution	NOUN
easat-2162	61	23	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	61	24	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-2162	61	25	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	61	26	achieving	achieve	VERB
easat-2162	61	27	the	the	DET
easat-2162	61	28	group	group	NOUN
easat-2162	61	29	’s	’s	PART
easat-2162	61	30	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-2162	61	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	62	1	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	62	2	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	62	3	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	62	4	fosters	foster	VERB
easat-2162	62	5	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-2162	62	6	social	social	ADJ
easat-2162	62	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	62	8	interpersonal	interpersonal	ADJ
easat-2162	62	9	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	62	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	62	11	including	include	VERB
easat-2162	62	12	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-2162	62	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	62	14	conflict	conflict	NOUN
easat-2162	62	15	resolution	resolution	NOUN
easat-2162	62	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	62	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	62	18	leadership	leadership	NOUN
easat-2162	62	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	62	20	slavin	slavin	NOUN
easat-2162	62	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	62	22	2014	2014	NUM
easat-2162	62	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	62	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	63	1	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-2162	63	2	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-2162	63	3	among	among	ADP
easat-2162	63	4	group	group	NOUN
easat-2162	63	5	members	member	NOUN
easat-2162	63	6	enhances	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	63	7	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	63	8	through	through	ADP
easat-2162	63	9	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-2162	63	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	63	11	negotiation	negotiation	NOUN
easat-2162	63	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	63	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	63	14	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	63	15	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	63	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	63	17	solving	solving	NOUN
easat-2162	63	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	64	1	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	64	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	64	3	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	64	4	implement	implement	VERB
easat-2162	64	5	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	64	6	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	64	7	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	64	8	structuring	structure	VERB
easat-2162	64	9	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	64	10	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	64	11	require	require	VERB
easat-2162	64	12	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	64	13	to	to	PART
easat-2162	64	14	work	work	VERB
easat-2162	64	15	together	together	ADV
easat-2162	64	16	to	to	PART
easat-2162	64	17	solve	solve	VERB
easat-2162	64	18	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	64	19	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	64	20	complete	complete	ADJ
easat-2162	64	21	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	64	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	65	1	this	this	PRON
easat-2162	65	2	could	could	AUX
easat-2162	65	3	include	include	VERB
easat-2162	65	4	group	group	NOUN
easat-2162	65	5	projects	project	NOUN
easat-2162	65	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	65	7	peer	peer	NOUN
easat-2162	65	8	reviews	review	NOUN
easat-2162	65	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	65	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	65	11	cooperative	cooperative	ADJ
easat-2162	65	12	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	65	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	65	14	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	65	15	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	65	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	66	1	to	to	PART
easat-2162	66	2	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-2162	66	3	active	active	ADJ
easat-2162	66	4	participation	participation	NOUN
easat-2162	66	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	66	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	66	7	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	66	8	assign	assign	VERB
easat-2162	66	9	roles	role	NOUN
easat-2162	66	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	66	11	responsibilities	responsibility	NOUN
easat-2162	66	12	within	within	ADP
easat-2162	66	13	groups	group	NOUN
easat-2162	66	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	67	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-2162	67	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	67	3	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	67	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	67	5	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	67	6	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	67	7	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-2162	67	8	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
easat-2162	67	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	67	10	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-2162	67	11	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	67	12	group	group	NOUN
easat-2162	67	13	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-2162	67	14	to	to	PART
easat-2162	67	15	promote	promote	VERB
easat-2162	67	16	productive	productive	ADJ
easat-2162	67	17	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-2162	67	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	67	19	prevent	prevent	ADJ
easat-2162	67	20	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
easat-2162	67	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	68	1	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	68	2	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-2162	68	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	68	4	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	68	5	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	68	6	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	68	7	involves	involve	VERB
easat-2162	68	8	creating	create	VERB
easat-2162	68	9	a	a	DET
easat-2162	68	10	supportive	supportive	ADJ
easat-2162	68	11	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	68	12	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-2162	68	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	69	1	this	this	PRON
easat-2162	69	2	includes	include	VERB
easat-2162	69	3	arranging	arrange	VERB
easat-2162	69	4	the	the	DET
easat-2162	69	5	physical	physical	ADJ
easat-2162	69	6	space	space	NOUN
easat-2162	69	7	to	to	PART
easat-2162	69	8	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-2162	69	9	group	group	NOUN
easat-2162	69	10	work	work	NOUN
easat-2162	69	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	69	12	using	use	VERB
easat-2162	69	13	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	69	14	to	to	PART
easat-2162	69	15	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	69	16	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-2162	69	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	69	18	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-2162	69	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	70	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	70	2	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	70	3	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	70	4	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	70	5	training	training	NOUN
easat-2162	70	6	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	70	7	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	70	8	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	70	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	70	10	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	70	11	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	70	12	conflict	conflict	NOUN
easat-2162	70	13	resolution	resolution	NOUN
easat-2162	70	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	70	15	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	70	16	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-2162	70	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	70	18	to	to	PART
easat-2162	70	19	help	help	VERB
easat-2162	70	20	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	70	21	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	70	22	navigate	navigate	VERB
easat-2162	70	23	group	group	NOUN
easat-2162	70	24	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-2162	70	25	successfully	successfully	ADV
easat-2162	70	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	70	27	gillespie	gillespie	PROPN
easat-2162	70	28	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	70	29	mcclintock	mcclintock	PROPN
easat-2162	70	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	70	31	2002	2002	NUM
easat-2162	70	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	70	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	71	1	assessing	assess	VERB
easat-2162	71	2	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	71	3	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	71	4	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	71	5	focus	focus	VERB
easat-2162	71	6	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	71	7	both	both	CCONJ
easat-2162	71	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	71	9	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	71	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	71	11	the	the	DET
easat-2162	71	12	product	product	NOUN
easat-2162	71	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	72	1	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	72	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	72	3	involves	involve	VERB
easat-2162	72	4	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	72	5	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	72	6	well	well	ADV
easat-2162	72	7	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	72	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	72	9	work	work	VERB
easat-2162	72	10	together	together	ADV
easat-2162	72	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	72	12	communicate	communicate	VERB
easat-2162	72	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	72	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	72	15	resolve	resolve	VERB
easat-2162	72	16	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
easat-2162	72	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	72	18	while	while	SCONJ
easat-2162	72	19	product	product	NOUN
easat-2162	72	20	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	72	21	focuses	focus	VERB
easat-2162	72	22	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	72	23	the	the	DET
easat-2162	72	24	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-2162	72	25	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	72	26	the	the	DET
easat-2162	72	27	final	final	ADJ
easat-2162	72	28	output	output	NOUN
easat-2162	72	29	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	72	30	michaels	michaels	PROPN
easat-2162	72	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	72	32	o’connor	o’connor	ADV
easat-2162	72	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	72	34	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	72	35	resnick	resnick	PROPN
easat-2162	72	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	72	37	2008	2008	NUM
easat-2162	72	38	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	72	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	73	1	rubrics	rubric	NOUN
easat-2162	73	2	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	73	3	assess	assess	VERB
easat-2162	73	4	both	both	CCONJ
easat-2162	73	5	individual	individual	ADJ
easat-2162	73	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	73	7	group	group	NOUN
easat-2162	73	8	contributions	contribution	NOUN
easat-2162	73	9	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	73	10	help	help	VERB
easat-2162	73	11	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	73	12	a	a	DET
easat-2162	73	13	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-2162	73	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	73	15	objective	objective	ADJ
easat-2162	73	16	measure	measure	NOUN
easat-2162	73	17	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	73	18	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-2162	73	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	73	20	oakley	oakley	NOUN
easat-2162	73	21	et	et	PROPN
easat-2162	73	22	al	al	PROPN
easat-2162	73	23	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	73	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	73	25	2004	2004	NUM
easat-2162	73	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	73	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	74	1	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	74	2	reflection	reflection	NOUN
easat-2162	74	3	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	74	4	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	74	5	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	74	6	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	74	7	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	74	8	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	74	9	the	the	DET
easat-2162	74	10	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	74	11	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	74	12	this	this	DET
easat-2162	74	13	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	74	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	75	1	encouraging	encourage	VERB
easat-2162	75	2	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	75	3	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	75	4	to	to	PART
easat-2162	75	5	reflect	reflect	VERB
easat-2162	75	6	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	75	7	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	75	8	group	group	NOUN
easat-2162	75	9	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-2162	75	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	75	11	individual	individual	ADJ
easat-2162	75	12	roles	role	NOUN
easat-2162	75	13	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	75	14	help	help	VERB
easat-2162	75	15	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	75	16	understand	understand	VERB
easat-2162	75	17	the	the	DET
easat-2162	75	18	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
easat-2162	75	19	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	75	20	teamwork	teamwork	NOUN
easat-2162	75	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	75	22	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	75	23	personal	personal	ADJ
easat-2162	75	24	strengths	strength	NOUN
easat-2162	75	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	75	26	areas	area	NOUN
easat-2162	75	27	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	75	28	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-2162	75	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	76	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	76	2	reflective	reflective	ADJ
easat-2162	76	3	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-2162	76	4	supports	support	VERB
easat-2162	76	5	continuous	continuous	ADJ
easat-2162	76	6	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-2162	76	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	76	8	deepens	deepen	VERB
easat-2162	76	9	the	the	DET
easat-2162	76	10	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	76	11	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-2162	76	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	77	1	1.1.1.2	1.1.1.2	X
easat-2162	77	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	77	3	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	77	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	77	5	based	base	VERB
easat-2162	77	6	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	77	7	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	77	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	77	9	based	base	VERB
easat-2162	77	10	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	77	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	77	12	ibl	ibl	PROPN
easat-2162	77	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	77	14	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	77	15	an	an	DET
easat-2162	77	16	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	77	17	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	77	18	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	77	19	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
easat-2162	77	20	the	the	DET
easat-2162	77	21	active	active	ADJ
easat-2162	77	22	role	role	NOUN
easat-2162	77	23	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	77	24	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	77	25	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	77	26	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	77	27	the	the	DET
easat-2162	77	28	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	77	29	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	77	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	78	1	instead	instead	ADV
easat-2162	78	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	78	3	passively	passively	ADV
easat-2162	78	4	receiving	receive	VERB
easat-2162	78	5	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	78	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	78	7	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	78	8	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	78	9	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	78	10	ibl	ibl	PROPN
easat-2162	78	11	explore	explore	NOUN
easat-2162	78	12	questions	question	NOUN
easat-2162	78	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	78	14	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	78	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	78	16	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	78	17	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-2162	78	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	78	19	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-2162	78	20	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-2162	78	21	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	78	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	78	23	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-2162	78	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	79	1	rooted	root	VERB
easat-2162	79	2	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	79	3	constructivism	constructivism	NOUN
easat-2162	79	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	79	5	ibl	ibl	PROPN
easat-2162	79	6	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
easat-2162	79	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	79	8	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	79	9	build	build	VERB
easat-2162	79	10	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	79	11	prior	prior	ADJ
easat-2162	79	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-2162	79	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	79	14	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-2162	79	15	to	to	PART
easat-2162	79	16	make	make	VERB
easat-2162	79	17	sense	sense	NOUN
easat-2162	79	18	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	79	19	new	new	ADJ
easat-2162	79	20	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	79	21	through	through	ADP
easat-2162	79	22	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-2162	79	23	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	79	24	the	the	DET
easat-2162	79	25	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	79	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	80	1	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	80	2	actively	actively	ADV
easat-2162	80	3	generating	generate	VERB
easat-2162	80	4	questions	question	NOUN
easat-2162	80	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	80	6	investigating	investigate	VERB
easat-2162	80	7	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	80	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	80	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	80	10	discovering	discover	VERB
easat-2162	80	11	answers	answer	NOUN
easat-2162	80	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	80	13	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	80	14	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	80	15	develop	develop	VERB
easat-2162	80	16	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	80	17	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	80	18	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	80	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	80	20	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	80	21	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	80	22	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	80	23	to	to	PART
easat-2162	80	24	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	80	25	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-2162	80	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	80	27	make	make	VERB
easat-2162	80	28	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-2162	80	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	80	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	80	31	develop	develop	VERB
easat-2162	80	32	reasoned	reason	VERB
easat-2162	80	33	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
easat-2162	80	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	80	35	kumar	kumar	PROPN
easat-2162	80	36	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	80	37	lee	lee	PROPN
easat-2162	80	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	80	39	2023	2023	NUM
easat-2162	80	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	80	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	81	1	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	81	2	teachers	teachers	PROPN
easat-2162	81	3	act	act	VERB
easat-2162	81	4	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	81	5	facilitators	facilitator	NOUN
easat-2162	81	6	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	81	7	guides	guide	NOUN
easat-2162	81	8	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	81	9	ibl	ibl	PROPN
easat-2162	81	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	81	11	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	81	12	support	support	NOUN
easat-2162	81	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	81	14	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	81	15	to	to	PART
easat-2162	81	16	help	help	VERB
easat-2162	81	17	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	81	18	through	through	ADP
easat-2162	81	19	the	the	DET
easat-2162	81	20	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	81	21	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	81	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	82	1	however	however	ADV
easat-2162	82	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	82	3	the	the	DET
easat-2162	82	4	focus	focus	NOUN
easat-2162	82	5	remains	remain	VERB
easat-2162	82	6	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	82	7	student	student	NOUN
easat-2162	82	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	82	9	led	lead	VERB
easat-2162	82	10	exploration	exploration	NOUN
easat-2162	82	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	83	1	ibl	ibl	PROPN
easat-2162	83	2	often	often	ADV
easat-2162	83	3	involves	involve	VERB
easat-2162	83	4	772	772	NUM
easat-2162	83	5	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	83	6	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	83	7	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	83	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	83	9	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	83	10	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	83	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	83	12	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	83	13	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	83	14	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	83	15	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	83	16	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	83	17	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	83	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	83	19	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	83	20	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	84	1	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	84	2	:	:	SYM
easat-2162	84	3	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	84	4	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	84	5	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	84	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	84	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	84	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-2162	84	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	84	10	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	84	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	84	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	84	13	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	84	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	84	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	84	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	84	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	84	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	84	19	gate	gate	VERB
easat-2162	84	20	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	84	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	84	22	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	84	23	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	84	24	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	84	25	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-2162	84	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	84	27	making	make	VERB
easat-2162	84	28	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	84	29	more	more	ADV
easat-2162	84	30	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-2162	84	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	84	32	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-2162	84	33	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	84	34	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	84	35	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	84	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	85	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	85	2	relevance	relevance	NOUN
easat-2162	85	3	helps	help	VERB
easat-2162	85	4	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	85	5	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	85	6	understand	understand	VERB
easat-2162	85	7	the	the	DET
easat-2162	85	8	application	application	NOUN
easat-2162	85	9	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	85	10	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	85	11	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-2162	85	12	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	85	13	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	85	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	85	15	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	85	16	contexts	contexts	NOUN
easat-2162	85	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	86	1	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	86	2	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-2162	86	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	86	4	ibl	ibl	PROPN
easat-2162	86	5	involves	involve	VERB
easat-2162	86	6	designing	design	VERB
easat-2162	86	7	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	86	8	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	86	9	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	86	10	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	86	11	driven	drive	VERB
easat-2162	86	12	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	86	13	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	86	14	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	86	15	'	'	PART
easat-2162	86	16	questions	question	NOUN
easat-2162	86	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	86	18	curiosity	curiosity	NOUN
easat-2162	86	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	86	20	branford	branford	PROPN
easat-2162	86	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	86	22	brown	brown	PROPN
easat-2162	86	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	86	24	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	86	25	cocking	cocking	PROPN
easat-2162	86	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	86	27	2000	2000	NUM
easat-2162	86	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	86	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	87	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	87	2	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-2162	87	3	this	this	DET
easat-2162	87	4	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	87	5	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	87	6	guiding	guide	VERB
easat-2162	87	7	inquiries	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	87	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	87	9	helping	help	VERB
easat-2162	87	10	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	87	11	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	87	12	develop	develop	VERB
easat-2162	87	13	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	87	14	questions	question	NOUN
easat-2162	87	15	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	87	16	researchable	researchable	ADJ
easat-2162	87	17	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	87	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	88	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	88	2	first	first	ADJ
easat-2162	88	3	step	step	NOUN
easat-2162	88	4	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	88	5	to	to	PART
easat-2162	88	6	introduce	introduce	VERB
easat-2162	88	7	open	open	ADV
easat-2162	88	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	88	9	ended	end	VERB
easat-2162	88	10	questions	question	NOUN
easat-2162	88	11	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	88	12	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	88	13	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	88	14	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	88	15	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-2162	88	16	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	88	17	the	the	DET
easat-2162	88	18	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	88	19	'	'	PART
easat-2162	88	20	interests	interest	NOUN
easat-2162	88	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	88	22	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	88	23	goals	goal	NOUN
easat-2162	88	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	88	25	kuhn	kuhn	PROPN
easat-2162	88	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	88	27	2007	2007	NUM
easat-2162	88	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	88	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	89	1	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	89	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	89	3	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	89	4	create	create	VERB
easat-2162	89	5	an	an	DET
easat-2162	89	6	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-2162	89	7	where	where	SCONJ
easat-2162	89	8	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	89	9	feel	feel	VERB
easat-2162	89	10	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
easat-2162	89	11	posing	pose	VERB
easat-2162	89	12	questions	question	NOUN
easat-2162	89	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	89	14	exploring	explore	VERB
easat-2162	89	15	various	various	ADJ
easat-2162	89	16	avenues	avenue	NOUN
easat-2162	89	17	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	89	18	answers	answer	NOUN
easat-2162	89	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	90	1	this	this	PRON
easat-2162	90	2	might	might	AUX
easat-2162	90	3	involve	involve	VERB
easat-2162	90	4	using	use	VERB
easat-2162	90	5	realworld	realworld	PROPN
easat-2162	90	6	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	90	7	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	90	8	current	current	ADJ
easat-2162	90	9	events	event	NOUN
easat-2162	90	10	to	to	PART
easat-2162	90	11	make	make	VERB
easat-2162	90	12	inquiries	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	90	13	more	more	ADV
easat-2162	90	14	engaging	engaging	ADJ
easat-2162	90	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	90	16	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-2162	90	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	91	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	91	2	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	91	3	need	need	VERB
easat-2162	91	4	to	to	PART
easat-2162	91	5	model	model	VERB
easat-2162	91	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	91	7	teach	teach	VERB
easat-2162	91	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	91	9	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	91	10	required	require	VERB
easat-2162	91	11	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	91	12	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	91	13	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	91	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	91	15	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	91	16	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	91	17	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	91	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	91	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	91	20	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	91	21	methods	method	NOUN
easat-2162	91	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	91	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	91	24	data	datum	NOUN
easat-2162	91	25	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-2162	91	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	91	27	anderson	anderson	PROPN
easat-2162	91	28	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	91	29	krathwohl	krathwohl	PROPN
easat-2162	91	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	91	31	2001	2001	NUM
easat-2162	91	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	91	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	92	1	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	92	2	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	92	3	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	92	4	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	92	5	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
easat-2162	92	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	92	7	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	92	8	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	92	9	graphic	graphic	ADJ
easat-2162	92	10	organizers	organizer	NOUN
easat-2162	92	11	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	92	12	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	92	13	journals	journal	NOUN
easat-2162	92	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	92	15	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	92	16	help	help	VERB
easat-2162	92	17	structure	structure	VERB
easat-2162	92	18	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	92	19	investigations	investigation	NOUN
easat-2162	92	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	92	21	keep	keep	VERB
easat-2162	92	22	track	track	NOUN
easat-2162	92	23	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	92	24	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	92	25	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-2162	92	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	93	1	encouraging	encourage	VERB
easat-2162	93	2	peer	peer	NOUN
easat-2162	93	3	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-2162	93	4	during	during	ADP
easat-2162	93	5	the	the	DET
easat-2162	93	6	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	93	7	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	93	8	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	93	9	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	93	10	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	93	11	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	93	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	93	13	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	93	14	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-2162	93	15	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
easat-2162	93	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	94	1	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	94	2	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	94	3	ibl	ibl	PROPN
easat-2162	94	4	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	94	5	focus	focus	VERB
easat-2162	94	6	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	94	7	both	both	CCONJ
easat-2162	94	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	94	9	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	94	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	94	11	the	the	DET
easat-2162	94	12	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-2162	94	13	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	94	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	94	15	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	94	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	95	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	95	2	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	95	3	use	use	VERB
easat-2162	95	4	formative	formative	ADJ
easat-2162	95	5	assessments	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	95	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	95	7	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	95	8	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	95	9	observation	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	95	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	95	11	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-2162	95	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	95	13	to	to	PART
easat-2162	95	14	monitor	monitor	VERB
easat-2162	95	15	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	95	16	’	'	PUNCT
easat-2162	95	17	progress	progress	NOUN
easat-2162	95	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	95	19	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	95	20	support	support	NOUN
easat-2162	95	21	throughout	throughout	ADP
easat-2162	95	22	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	95	23	investigations	investigation	NOUN
easat-2162	95	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	96	1	summative	summative	ADJ
easat-2162	96	2	assessments	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	96	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	96	4	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	96	5	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	96	6	presentations	presentation	NOUN
easat-2162	96	7	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	96	8	reports	report	NOUN
easat-2162	96	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	96	10	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	96	11	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	96	12	the	the	DET
easat-2162	96	13	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-2162	96	14	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	96	15	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	96	16	’	’	PART
easat-2162	96	17	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-2162	96	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	96	19	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	96	20	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	96	21	to	to	PART
easat-2162	96	22	communicate	communicate	VERB
easat-2162	96	23	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	96	24	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-2162	96	25	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-2162	96	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	96	27	hattie	hattie	PROPN
easat-2162	96	28	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	96	29	timperley	timperley	PROPN
easat-2162	96	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	96	31	2007	2007	NUM
easat-2162	96	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	96	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	97	1	reflection	reflection	NOUN
easat-2162	97	2	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	97	3	a	a	DET
easat-2162	97	4	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-2162	97	5	component	component	NOUN
easat-2162	97	6	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	97	7	ibl	ibl	PROPN
easat-2162	97	8	because	because	SCONJ
easat-2162	97	9	it	it	PRON
easat-2162	97	10	helps	help	VERB
easat-2162	97	11	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	97	12	consolidate	consolidate	VERB
easat-2162	97	13	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	97	14	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	97	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	97	16	gain	gain	VERB
easat-2162	97	17	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-2162	97	18	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	97	19	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	97	20	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	97	21	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	97	22	improve	improve	VERB
easat-2162	97	23	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	97	24	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	97	25	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	97	26	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	97	27	future	future	ADJ
easat-2162	97	28	projects	project	NOUN
easat-2162	97	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	98	1	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	98	2	encouraging	encourage	VERB
easat-2162	98	3	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	98	4	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	98	5	to	to	PART
easat-2162	98	6	reflect	reflect	VERB
easat-2162	98	7	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	98	8	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	98	9	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	98	10	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	98	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	98	12	what	what	PRON
easat-2162	98	13	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	98	14	learned	learn	VERB
easat-2162	98	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	98	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	98	17	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	98	18	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	98	19	approached	approach	VERB
easat-2162	98	20	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	98	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	98	22	solving	solving	NOUN
easat-2162	98	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	98	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	98	25	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	98	26	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	98	27	the	the	DET
easat-2162	98	28	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	98	29	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	98	30	ibl	ibl	PROPN
easat-2162	98	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	99	1	1.1.1.3	1.1.1.3	PROPN
easat-2162	99	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	99	3	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	99	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	99	5	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	99	6	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	99	7	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	99	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	99	9	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	99	10	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	99	11	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	99	12	integral	integral	ADJ
easat-2162	99	13	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	99	14	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-2162	99	15	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	99	16	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-2162	99	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	99	18	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-2162	99	19	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	99	20	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	99	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	99	22	based	base	VERB
easat-2162	99	23	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	99	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	100	1	these	these	DET
easat-2162	100	2	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	100	3	involve	involve	VERB
easat-2162	100	4	tackling	tackle	VERB
easat-2162	100	5	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-2162	100	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	100	7	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	100	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	100	9	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	100	10	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	100	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	100	12	requiring	require	VERB
easat-2162	100	13	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	100	14	to	to	PART
easat-2162	100	15	apply	apply	VERB
easat-2162	100	16	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-2162	100	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	100	18	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	100	19	to	to	PART
easat-2162	100	20	devise	devise	VERB
easat-2162	100	21	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-2162	100	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	101	1	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	101	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	101	3	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	101	4	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	101	5	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	101	6	often	often	ADV
easat-2162	101	7	open	open	ADJ
easat-2162	101	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	101	9	ended	ended	ADJ
easat-2162	101	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	101	11	encouraging	encourage	VERB
easat-2162	101	12	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	101	13	to	to	PART
easat-2162	101	14	explore	explore	VERB
easat-2162	101	15	various	various	ADJ
easat-2162	101	16	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	101	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	101	18	develop	develop	VERB
easat-2162	101	19	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	101	20	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	101	21	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	101	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	102	1	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-2162	102	2	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	102	3	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	102	4	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	102	5	allows	allow	VERB
easat-2162	102	6	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	102	7	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	102	8	to	to	PART
easat-2162	102	9	apply	apply	VERB
easat-2162	102	10	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
easat-2162	102	11	concepts	concept	NOUN
easat-2162	102	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	102	13	address	address	VERB
easat-2162	102	14	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	102	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	102	16	life	life	NOUN
easat-2162	102	17	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	102	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	102	19	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	102	20	the	the	DET
easat-2162	102	21	relevance	relevance	NOUN
easat-2162	102	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	102	23	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	102	24	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	102	25	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	102	26	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	102	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	103	1	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	103	2	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	103	3	wiliam	wiliam	PROPN
easat-2162	103	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	103	5	2011	2011	NUM
easat-2162	103	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	103	7	highlights	highlight	NOUN
easat-2162	103	8	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	103	9	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	103	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	103	11	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	103	12	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	103	13	foster	foster	VERB
easat-2162	103	14	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	103	15	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	103	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	103	17	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	103	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	103	19	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	103	20	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	103	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	104	1	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	104	2	encouraging	encourage	VERB
easat-2162	104	3	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	104	4	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	104	5	to	to	PART
easat-2162	104	6	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	104	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	104	8	analyse	analyse	NOUN
easat-2162	104	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	104	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	104	11	synthesize	synthesize	VERB
easat-2162	104	12	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	104	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	104	14	these	these	DET
easat-2162	104	15	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	104	16	lead	lead	VERB
easat-2162	104	17	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	104	18	a	a	DET
easat-2162	104	19	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-2162	104	20	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-2162	104	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	104	22	improved	improve	VERB
easat-2162	104	23	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
easat-2162	104	24	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	104	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	105	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	105	2	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	105	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	105	4	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	105	5	applicability	applicability	NOUN
easat-2162	105	6	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	105	7	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	105	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	105	9	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	105	10	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	105	11	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	105	12	tends	tend	VERB
easat-2162	105	13	to	to	PART
easat-2162	105	14	increase	increase	VERB
easat-2162	105	15	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	105	16	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	105	17	'	'	PART
easat-2162	105	18	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	105	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	105	20	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-2162	105	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	105	22	as	as	SCONJ
easat-2162	105	23	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	105	24	recognize	recognize	VERB
easat-2162	105	25	the	the	DET
easat-2162	105	26	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-2162	105	27	value	value	NOUN
easat-2162	105	28	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	105	29	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	105	30	studies	study	NOUN
easat-2162	105	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	106	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	106	2	connection	connection	NOUN
easat-2162	106	3	between	between	ADP
easat-2162	106	4	theory	theory	NOUN
easat-2162	106	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	106	6	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-2162	106	7	creates	create	VERB
easat-2162	106	8	a	a	DET
easat-2162	106	9	more	more	ADV
easat-2162	106	10	engaging	engaging	ADJ
easat-2162	106	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	106	12	motivating	motivating	NOUN
easat-2162	106	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	106	14	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-2162	106	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	107	1	however	however	ADV
easat-2162	107	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	107	3	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-2162	107	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	107	5	methods	method	NOUN
easat-2162	107	6	may	may	AUX
easat-2162	107	7	not	not	PART
easat-2162	107	8	fully	fully	ADV
easat-2162	107	9	capture	capture	VERB
easat-2162	107	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	107	11	nuances	nuance	NOUN
easat-2162	107	12	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	107	13	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	107	14	student	student	NOUN
easat-2162	107	15	responses	response	NOUN
easat-2162	107	16	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	107	17	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	107	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	107	19	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	107	20	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	107	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	107	22	tomlinson	tomlinson	PROPN
easat-2162	107	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	107	24	2014	2014	NUM
easat-2162	107	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	107	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	108	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-2162	108	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	108	3	substantial	substantial	ADJ
easat-2162	108	4	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
easat-2162	108	5	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	108	6	often	often	ADV
easat-2162	108	7	necessary	necessary	ADJ
easat-2162	108	8	to	to	PART
easat-2162	108	9	support	support	VERB
easat-2162	108	10	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	108	11	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	108	12	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	108	13	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-2162	108	14	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	108	15	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-2162	108	16	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	108	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	108	18	which	which	PRON
easat-2162	108	19	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	108	20	be	be	AUX
easat-2162	108	21	challenging	challenge	VERB
easat-2162	108	22	for	for	SCONJ
easat-2162	108	23	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-2162	108	24	to	to	PART
easat-2162	108	25	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	108	26	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-2162	108	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	109	1	to	to	PART
easat-2162	109	2	address	address	VERB
easat-2162	109	3	these	these	DET
easat-2162	109	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	109	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	109	6	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-2162	109	7	the	the	DET
easat-2162	109	8	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	109	9	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-2162	109	10	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	109	11	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	109	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	109	13	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	109	14	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	109	15	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	109	16	the	the	DET
easat-2162	109	17	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	109	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	109	19	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-2162	109	20	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	109	21	adopt	adopt	VERB
easat-2162	109	22	several	several	ADJ
easat-2162	109	23	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	109	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	110	1	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	110	2	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-2162	110	3	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-2162	110	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	110	5	structured	structure	VERB
easat-2162	110	6	guidance	guidance	NOUN
easat-2162	110	7	helps	help	VERB
easat-2162	110	8	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	110	9	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	110	10	understand	understand	VERB
easat-2162	110	11	the	the	DET
easat-2162	110	12	purpose	purpose	NOUN
easat-2162	110	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	110	14	processes	process	NOUN
easat-2162	110	15	involved	involve	VERB
easat-2162	110	16	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	110	17	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	110	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	110	19	solving	solving	NOUN
easat-2162	110	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	111	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	111	2	clarity	clarity	NOUN
easat-2162	111	3	supports	support	VERB
easat-2162	111	4	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	111	5	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	111	6	navigating	navigate	VERB
easat-2162	111	7	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-2162	111	8	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	111	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	111	10	developing	develop	VERB
easat-2162	111	11	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
easat-2162	111	12	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-2162	111	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	112	1	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-2162	112	2	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	112	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	112	4	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	112	5	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	112	6	requires	require	VERB
easat-2162	112	7	careful	careful	ADJ
easat-2162	112	8	selection	selection	NOUN
easat-2162	112	9	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	112	10	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-2162	112	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	112	12	challenging	challenging	ADJ
easat-2162	112	13	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	112	14	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	112	15	align	align	VERB
easat-2162	112	16	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	112	17	curricular	curricular	ADJ
easat-2162	112	18	goals	goal	NOUN
easat-2162	112	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	113	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	113	2	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	113	3	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	113	4	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-2162	113	5	instructions	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	113	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	113	7	establish	establish	VERB
easat-2162	113	8	criteria	criterion	NOUN
easat-2162	113	9	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	113	10	success	success	NOUN
easat-2162	113	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	114	1	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-2162	114	2	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	114	3	peers	peer	NOUN
easat-2162	114	4	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	114	5	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	114	6	be	be	AUX
easat-2162	114	7	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	114	8	to	to	PART
easat-2162	114	9	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	114	10	problemsolving	problemsolving	NOUN
easat-2162	114	11	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	114	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	115	1	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	115	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	115	3	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	115	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	115	5	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	115	6	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	115	7	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	115	8	focus	focus	VERB
easat-2162	115	9	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	115	10	both	both	CCONJ
easat-2162	115	11	the	the	DET
easat-2162	115	12	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	115	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	115	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	115	15	outcome	outcome	NOUN
easat-2162	115	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	116	1	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	116	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	116	3	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	116	4	use	use	VERB
easat-2162	116	5	rubrics	rubric	NOUN
easat-2162	116	6	to	to	PART
easat-2162	116	7	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	116	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	116	9	'	'	PART
easat-2162	116	10	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	116	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	116	12	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	116	13	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	116	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	116	15	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
easat-2162	116	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	116	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	116	18	final	final	ADJ
easat-2162	116	19	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-2162	116	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	117	1	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	117	2	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-2162	117	3	throughout	throughout	ADP
easat-2162	117	4	the	the	DET
easat-2162	117	5	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	117	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	117	7	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	117	8	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	117	9	helps	help	VERB
easat-2162	117	10	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	117	11	refine	refine	VERB
easat-2162	117	12	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	117	13	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	117	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	117	15	773	773	NUM
easat-2162	117	16	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	117	17	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	117	18	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	117	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	117	20	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	117	21	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	117	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	117	23	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	117	24	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	117	25	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	117	26	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	117	27	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	117	28	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	117	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	117	30	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	117	31	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	118	1	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	118	2	:	:	SYM
easat-2162	118	3	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	118	4	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	118	5	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	118	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	118	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	118	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-2162	118	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	118	10	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	118	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	118	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	118	13	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	118	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	118	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	118	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	118	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	118	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	118	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-2162	118	20	improve	improve	VERB
easat-2162	118	21	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	118	22	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	118	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	118	24	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	118	25	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	118	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	118	27	graham	graham	PROPN
easat-2162	118	28	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	118	29	perin	perin	PROPN
easat-2162	118	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	118	31	2007	2007	NUM
easat-2162	118	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	118	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	119	1	self	self	NOUN
easat-2162	119	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	119	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	119	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	119	5	peer	peer	NOUN
easat-2162	119	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	119	7	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	119	8	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	119	9	contribute	contribute	VERB
easat-2162	119	10	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	119	11	a	a	DET
easat-2162	119	12	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-2162	119	13	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-2162	119	14	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	119	15	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	119	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	119	17	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	119	18	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-2162	119	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	120	1	professional	professional	ADJ
easat-2162	120	2	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	120	3	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	120	4	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	120	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	120	6	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	120	7	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-2162	120	8	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	120	9	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-2162	120	10	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-2162	120	11	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	120	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	120	13	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	120	14	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	120	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	121	1	training	training	NOUN
easat-2162	121	2	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	121	3	help	help	VERB
easat-2162	121	4	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-2162	121	5	develop	develop	VERB
easat-2162	121	6	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	121	7	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	121	8	designing	design	VERB
easat-2162	121	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	121	10	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
easat-2162	121	11	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	121	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	121	13	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	121	14	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	121	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	121	16	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	121	17	assessing	assess	VERB
easat-2162	121	18	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	121	19	student	student	NOUN
easat-2162	121	20	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-2162	121	21	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	121	22	this	this	DET
easat-2162	121	23	context	context	NOUN
easat-2162	121	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	121	25	cuban	cuban	ADJ
easat-2162	121	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	121	27	2001	2001	NUM
easat-2162	121	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	121	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	122	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	122	2	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	122	3	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	122	4	engage	engage	VERB
easat-2162	122	5	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	122	6	continuous	continuous	ADJ
easat-2162	122	7	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	122	8	to	to	PART
easat-2162	122	9	stay	stay	VERB
easat-2162	122	10	updated	update	VERB
easat-2162	122	11	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	122	12	best	good	ADJ
easat-2162	122	13	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-2162	122	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	122	15	new	new	ADJ
easat-2162	122	16	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
easat-2162	122	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	123	1	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	123	2	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	123	3	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	123	4	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	123	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	123	6	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	123	7	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	123	8	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	123	9	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	123	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	123	11	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	123	12	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-2162	123	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	124	1	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-2162	124	2	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	124	3	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	124	4	simulation	simulation	NOUN
easat-2162	124	5	software	software	NOUN
easat-2162	124	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	124	7	modelling	model	VERB
easat-2162	124	8	applications	application	NOUN
easat-2162	124	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	124	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	124	11	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	124	12	platforms	platform	NOUN
easat-2162	124	13	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	124	14	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	124	15	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	124	16	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	124	17	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-2162	124	18	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	124	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	124	20	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
easat-2162	124	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	125	1	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	125	2	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	125	3	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	125	4	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-2162	125	5	more	more	ADJ
easat-2162	125	6	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-2162	125	7	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	125	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	125	9	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	125	10	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-2162	125	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	125	12	offer	offer	VERB
easat-2162	125	13	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-2162	125	14	ways	way	NOUN
easat-2162	125	15	to	to	PART
easat-2162	125	16	explore	explore	VERB
easat-2162	125	17	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-2162	125	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	125	19	merrill	merrill	NOUN
easat-2162	125	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	125	21	2002	2002	NUM
easat-2162	125	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	125	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	126	1	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	126	2	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-2162	126	3	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	126	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	126	5	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-2162	126	6	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	126	7	enrich	enrich	VERB
easat-2162	126	8	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	126	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	126	10	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	126	11	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	126	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	126	13	support	support	VERB
easat-2162	126	14	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	126	15	student	student	NOUN
easat-2162	126	16	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	126	17	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	126	18	innovative	innovative	ADJ
easat-2162	126	19	ways	way	NOUN
easat-2162	126	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	127	1	1.1.1.4	1.1.1.4	X
easat-2162	127	2	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	127	3	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	127	4	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	127	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	127	6	writing	write	VERB
easat-2162	127	7	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	127	8	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	127	9	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	127	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	127	11	writing	write	VERB
easat-2162	127	12	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	127	13	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	127	14	designed	design	VERB
easat-2162	127	15	to	to	PART
easat-2162	127	16	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	127	17	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	127	18	'	'	PART
easat-2162	127	19	analytical	analytical	ADJ
easat-2162	127	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	127	21	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
easat-2162	127	22	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	127	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	128	1	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	128	2	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	128	3	involves	involve	VERB
easat-2162	128	4	questioning	question	VERB
easat-2162	128	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	128	6	analyzing	analyzing	NOUN
easat-2162	128	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	128	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	128	9	interpreting	interpret	VERB
easat-2162	128	10	texts	text	NOUN
easat-2162	128	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	128	12	while	while	SCONJ
easat-2162	128	13	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	128	14	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-2162	128	15	requires	require	VERB
easat-2162	128	16	constructing	construct	VERB
easat-2162	128	17	well	well	ADV
easat-2162	128	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	128	19	supported	support	VERB
easat-2162	128	20	arguments	argument	NOUN
easat-2162	128	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	128	22	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-2162	128	23	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	128	24	various	various	ADJ
easat-2162	128	25	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
easat-2162	128	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	129	1	these	these	DET
easat-2162	129	2	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	129	3	promote	promote	VERB
easat-2162	129	4	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-2162	129	5	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-2162	129	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	129	7	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	129	8	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-2162	129	9	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	129	10	among	among	ADP
easat-2162	129	11	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	129	12	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	129	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	129	14	facione	facione	NOUN
easat-2162	129	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	129	16	2011	2011	NUM
easat-2162	129	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	129	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	130	1	to	to	PART
easat-2162	130	2	implement	implement	VERB
easat-2162	130	3	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	130	4	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	130	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	130	6	writing	write	VERB
easat-2162	130	7	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	130	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	130	9	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	130	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	130	11	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	130	12	select	select	VERB
easat-2162	130	13	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-2162	130	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	130	15	challenging	challenge	VERB
easat-2162	130	16	texts	text	NOUN
easat-2162	130	17	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	130	18	stimulate	stimulate	VERB
easat-2162	130	19	thoughtful	thoughtful	ADJ
easat-2162	130	20	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-2162	130	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	130	22	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-2162	130	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	131	1	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	131	2	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-2162	131	3	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
easat-2162	131	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	131	5	structured	structured	ADJ
easat-2162	131	6	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-2162	131	7	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	131	8	reading	read	VERB
easat-2162	131	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	131	10	writing	write	VERB
easat-2162	131	11	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	131	12	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	131	13	help	help	VERB
easat-2162	131	14	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	131	15	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	131	16	develop	develop	VERB
easat-2162	131	17	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	131	18	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	131	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	132	1	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-2162	132	2	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	132	3	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	132	4	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	132	5	annotated	annotate	VERB
easat-2162	132	6	readings	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	132	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	132	8	essays	essay	NOUN
easat-2162	132	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	132	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	132	11	peer	peer	NOUN
easat-2162	132	12	reviews	review	NOUN
easat-2162	132	13	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	132	14	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	132	15	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	132	16	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	132	17	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	132	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	132	19	writing	write	VERB
easat-2162	132	20	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	132	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	132	22	bean	bean	NOUN
easat-2162	132	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	132	24	2011	2011	NUM
easat-2162	132	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	132	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	133	1	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	133	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	133	3	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	133	4	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	133	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	133	6	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-2162	133	7	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	133	8	focus	focus	VERB
easat-2162	133	9	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	133	10	clarity	clarity	NOUN
easat-2162	133	11	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	133	12	argument	argument	NOUN
easat-2162	133	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	133	14	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-2162	133	15	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	133	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-2162	133	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	133	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	133	19	use	use	NOUN
easat-2162	133	20	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	133	21	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-2162	133	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	134	1	rubrics	rubric	NOUN
easat-2162	134	2	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	134	3	be	be	AUX
easat-2162	134	4	useful	useful	ADJ
easat-2162	134	5	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	134	6	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	134	7	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	134	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	134	9	'	'	PART
easat-2162	134	10	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	134	11	to	to	PART
easat-2162	134	12	engage	engage	VERB
easat-2162	134	13	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	134	14	texts	text	NOUN
easat-2162	134	15	critically	critically	ADV
easat-2162	134	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	134	17	produce	produce	VERB
easat-2162	134	18	coherent	coherent	ADJ
easat-2162	134	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	134	20	persuasive	persuasive	ADJ
easat-2162	134	21	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-2162	134	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	135	1	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	135	2	constructive	constructive	ADJ
easat-2162	135	3	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-2162	135	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	135	5	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-2162	135	6	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	135	7	revision	revision	NOUN
easat-2162	135	8	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	135	9	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-2162	135	10	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	135	11	helping	help	VERB
easat-2162	135	12	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	135	13	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	135	14	improve	improve	VERB
easat-2162	135	15	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	135	16	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	135	17	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	135	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	135	19	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-2162	135	20	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	135	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	136	1	professional	professional	ADJ
easat-2162	136	2	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	136	3	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	136	4	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	136	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	136	6	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	136	7	support	support	VERB
easat-2162	136	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	136	9	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	136	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-2162	136	11	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	136	12	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	136	13	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	136	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	136	15	writing	write	VERB
easat-2162	136	16	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	136	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	137	1	workshops	workshop	NOUN
easat-2162	137	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	137	3	training	training	NOUN
easat-2162	137	4	programs	program	NOUN
easat-2162	137	5	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	137	6	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	137	7	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-2162	137	8	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	137	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	137	10	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	137	11	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-2162	137	12	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	137	13	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	137	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	137	15	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-2162	137	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	137	17	as	as	ADV
easat-2162	137	18	well	well	ADV
easat-2162	137	19	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	137	20	methods	method	NOUN
easat-2162	137	21	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	137	22	assessing	assess	VERB
easat-2162	137	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	137	24	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	137	25	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-2162	137	26	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	137	27	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	137	28	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	137	29	’	'	PUNCT
easat-2162	137	30	work	work	NOUN
easat-2162	137	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	138	1	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-2162	138	2	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	138	3	colleagues	colleague	NOUN
easat-2162	138	4	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	138	5	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	138	6	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	138	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	138	8	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-2162	138	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	138	10	share	share	VERB
easat-2162	138	11	successful	successful	ADJ
easat-2162	138	12	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	138	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	139	1	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-2162	139	2	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	139	3	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	139	4	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	139	5	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	139	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	139	7	writing	write	VERB
easat-2162	139	8	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	139	9	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	139	10	offer	offer	VERB
easat-2162	139	11	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-2162	139	12	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	139	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	139	14	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-2162	139	15	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	139	16	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	139	17	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	139	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	140	1	digital	digital	ADJ
easat-2162	140	2	annotation	annotation	NOUN
easat-2162	140	3	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-2162	140	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	140	5	online	online	ADJ
easat-2162	140	6	databases	database	NOUN
easat-2162	140	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	140	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	140	9	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	140	10	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-2162	140	11	platforms	platform	NOUN
easat-2162	140	12	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	140	13	support	support	VERB
easat-2162	140	14	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	140	15	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	140	16	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	140	17	analyzing	analyze	VERB
easat-2162	140	18	texts	text	NOUN
easat-2162	140	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	140	20	developing	develop	VERB
easat-2162	140	21	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	140	22	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-2162	140	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	141	1	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	141	2	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	141	3	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	141	4	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-2162	141	5	peer	peer	NOUN
easat-2162	141	6	review	review	NOUN
easat-2162	141	7	processes	process	NOUN
easat-2162	141	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	141	9	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	141	10	new	new	ADJ
easat-2162	141	11	ways	way	NOUN
easat-2162	141	12	for	for	SCONJ
easat-2162	141	13	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	141	14	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	141	15	to	to	PART
easat-2162	141	16	engage	engage	VERB
easat-2162	141	17	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	141	18	texts	text	NOUN
easat-2162	141	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	141	20	produce	produce	VERB
easat-2162	141	21	written	write	VERB
easat-2162	141	22	work	work	NOUN
easat-2162	141	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	141	24	leu	leu	PROPN
easat-2162	141	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	141	26	kinzer	kinzer	PROPN
easat-2162	141	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	141	28	coiro	coiro	PROPN
easat-2162	141	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	141	30	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	141	31	castek	castek	PROPN
easat-2162	141	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	141	33	2004	2004	NUM
easat-2162	141	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	141	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	142	1	1.1.1.5	1.1.1.5	X
easat-2162	142	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	142	3	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-2162	142	4	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	142	5	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	142	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	142	7	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	142	8	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	142	9	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	142	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	142	11	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	142	12	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	142	13	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	142	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	142	15	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	142	16	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	142	17	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	142	18	the	the	DET
easat-2162	142	19	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	142	20	helps	help	VERB
easat-2162	142	21	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	142	22	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	142	23	connect	connect	VERB
easat-2162	142	24	academic	academic	ADJ
easat-2162	142	25	content	content	NOUN
easat-2162	142	26	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	142	27	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
easat-2162	142	28	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	142	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	142	30	contexts	contexts	NOUN
easat-2162	142	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	143	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	143	2	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	143	3	fosters	foster	VERB
easat-2162	143	4	relevance	relevance	NOUN
easat-2162	143	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	143	6	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	143	7	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	143	8	linking	link	VERB
easat-2162	143	9	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	143	10	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	143	11	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	143	12	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	143	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	143	14	life	life	NOUN
easat-2162	143	15	situations	situation	NOUN
easat-2162	143	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	144	1	it	it	PRON
easat-2162	144	2	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	144	3	encourages	encourage	VERB
easat-2162	144	4	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	144	5	to	to	PART
easat-2162	144	6	think	think	VERB
easat-2162	144	7	critically	critically	ADV
easat-2162	144	8	about	about	ADP
easat-2162	144	9	the	the	DET
easat-2162	144	10	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	144	11	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	144	12	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	144	13	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	144	14	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	144	15	the	the	DET
easat-2162	144	16	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	144	17	around	around	ADP
easat-2162	144	18	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	144	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	145	1	to	to	PART
easat-2162	145	2	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-2162	145	3	integrate	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	145	4	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	145	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	145	6	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	145	7	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	145	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	145	9	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-2162	145	10	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	145	11	identify	identify	VERB
easat-2162	145	12	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-2162	145	13	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	145	14	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	145	15	align	align	VERB
easat-2162	145	16	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	145	17	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	145	18	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-2162	145	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	145	20	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	145	21	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	145	22	interests	interest	NOUN
easat-2162	145	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	146	1	lessons	lesson	NOUN
easat-2162	146	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	146	3	projects	project	NOUN
easat-2162	146	4	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	146	5	be	be	AUX
easat-2162	146	6	designed	design	VERB
easat-2162	146	7	to	to	PART
easat-2162	146	8	explore	explore	VERB
easat-2162	146	9	these	these	DET
easat-2162	146	10	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	146	11	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	146	12	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-2162	146	13	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
easat-2162	146	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	146	15	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-2162	146	16	various	various	ADJ
easat-2162	146	17	disciplines	discipline	NOUN
easat-2162	146	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	146	19	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-2162	146	20	interdisciplinary	interdisciplinary	ADJ
easat-2162	146	21	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	146	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	147	1	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-2162	147	2	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	147	3	community	community	NOUN
easat-2162	147	4	organizations	organization	NOUN
easat-2162	147	5	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	147	6	experts	expert	NOUN
easat-2162	147	7	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	147	8	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	147	9	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-2162	147	10	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-2162	147	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	147	12	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	147	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	147	14	wiggins	wiggins	PROPN
easat-2162	147	15	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	147	16	mctighe	mctighe	PROPN
easat-2162	147	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	147	18	2005	2005	NUM
easat-2162	147	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	147	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	148	1	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	148	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	148	3	projects	project	NOUN
easat-2162	148	4	involving	involve	VERB
easat-2162	148	5	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	148	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	148	7	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	148	8	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	148	9	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	148	10	focus	focus	VERB
easat-2162	148	11	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	148	12	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	148	13	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	148	14	'	'	PART
easat-2162	148	15	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	148	16	to	to	PART
easat-2162	148	17	analyze	analyze	VERB
easat-2162	148	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	148	19	apply	apply	VERB
easat-2162	148	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-2162	148	21	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	148	22	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-2162	148	23	contexts	contexts	NOUN
easat-2162	148	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	149	1	rubrics	rubric	NOUN
easat-2162	149	2	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	149	3	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	149	4	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	149	5	'	'	PART
easat-2162	149	6	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-2162	149	7	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	149	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	149	9	issue	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	149	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	149	11	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	149	12	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	149	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	149	14	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	149	15	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	149	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	149	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	149	18	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	149	19	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	149	20	to	to	PART
easat-2162	149	21	propose	propose	VERB
easat-2162	149	22	feasible	feasible	ADJ
easat-2162	149	23	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-2162	149	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	150	1	reflective	reflective	ADJ
easat-2162	150	2	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-2162	150	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	150	4	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	150	5	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	150	6	journaling	journale	VERB
easat-2162	150	7	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	150	8	presentations	presentation	NOUN
easat-2162	150	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	150	10	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	150	11	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	150	12	help	help	VERB
easat-2162	150	13	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	150	14	leaners	leaner	NOUN
easat-2162	150	15	articulate	articulate	VERB
easat-2162	150	16	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	150	17	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	150	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	150	19	its	its	PRON
easat-2162	150	20	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	150	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	150	22	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	150	23	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-2162	150	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	150	25	gulikers	guliker	NOUN
easat-2162	150	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	150	27	bastiaens	bastiaens	PROPN
easat-2162	150	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	150	29	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	150	30	kirschner	kirschner	PROPN
easat-2162	150	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	150	32	2004	2004	NUM
easat-2162	150	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	150	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	151	1	professional	professional	ADJ
easat-2162	151	2	774	774	NUM
easat-2162	151	3	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	151	4	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	151	5	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	151	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	151	7	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	151	8	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	151	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	151	10	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	151	11	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	151	12	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	151	13	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	151	14	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	152	1	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	152	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	152	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	152	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	153	1	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	153	2	:	:	SYM
easat-2162	153	3	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	153	4	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	153	5	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	153	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	153	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	153	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-2162	153	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	153	10	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	153	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	153	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	153	13	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	153	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	153	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	153	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	153	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	153	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	153	19	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-2162	153	20	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	153	21	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	153	22	support	support	VERB
easat-2162	153	23	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	153	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	153	25	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	153	26	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	153	27	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	153	28	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	153	29	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	153	30	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	153	31	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	153	32	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	153	33	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	153	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	154	1	training	training	NOUN
easat-2162	154	2	programs	program	NOUN
easat-2162	154	3	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	154	4	offer	offer	VERB
easat-2162	154	5	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	154	6	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	154	7	identifying	identify	VERB
easat-2162	154	8	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-2162	154	9	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	154	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	154	11	designing	design	VERB
easat-2162	154	12	interdisciplinary	interdisciplinary	ADJ
easat-2162	154	13	projects	project	NOUN
easat-2162	154	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	154	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	154	16	assessing	assess	VERB
easat-2162	154	17	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	154	18	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	154	19	’	'	PUNCT
easat-2162	154	20	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-2162	154	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	155	1	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-2162	155	2	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	155	3	peers	peer	NOUN
easat-2162	155	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	155	5	community	community	NOUN
easat-2162	155	6	partners	partner	NOUN
easat-2162	155	7	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	155	8	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	155	9	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	155	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	155	11	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-2162	155	12	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	155	13	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	155	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	155	15	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	155	16	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	155	17	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	155	18	the	the	DET
easat-2162	155	19	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	155	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	155	21	darling	darling	NOUN
easat-2162	155	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	155	23	hammond	hammond	NOUN
easat-2162	155	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	155	25	2000	2000	NUM
easat-2162	155	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	155	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	156	1	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	156	2	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	156	3	play	play	VERB
easat-2162	156	4	a	a	DET
easat-2162	156	5	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-2162	156	6	role	role	NOUN
easat-2162	156	7	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	156	8	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	156	9	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	156	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	156	11	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	156	12	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	156	13	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	156	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	156	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	156	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	157	1	online	online	ADJ
easat-2162	157	2	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	157	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	157	4	multimedia	multimedia	NOUN
easat-2162	157	5	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-2162	157	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	157	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	157	8	virtual	virtual	ADJ
easat-2162	157	9	field	field	NOUN
easat-2162	157	10	trips	trip	NOUN
easat-2162	157	11	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	157	12	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	157	13	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	157	14	leaners	leaner	NOUN
easat-2162	157	15	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	157	16	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-2162	157	17	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
easat-2162	157	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	157	19	up	up	ADP
easat-2162	157	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	157	21	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	157	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	157	23	date	date	NOUN
easat-2162	157	24	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	157	25	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	157	26	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
easat-2162	157	27	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	157	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	158	1	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	158	2	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	158	3	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	158	4	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-2162	158	5	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-2162	158	6	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	158	7	experts	expert	NOUN
easat-2162	158	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	158	9	peers	peer	NOUN
easat-2162	158	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	158	11	enriching	enrich	VERB
easat-2162	158	12	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	158	13	leaners	leaner	NOUN
easat-2162	158	14	'	'	PART
easat-2162	158	15	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-2162	158	16	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	158	17	real	real	ADJ
easat-2162	158	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	158	19	world	world	NOUN
easat-2162	158	20	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	158	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	158	22	potential	potential	ADJ
easat-2162	158	23	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-2162	158	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	158	25	hattie	hattie	PROPN
easat-2162	158	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	158	27	2009	2009	NUM
easat-2162	158	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	158	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	159	1	2	2	X
easat-2162	159	2	.	.	X
easat-2162	159	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
easat-2162	159	4	this	this	DET
easat-2162	159	5	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	159	6	employs	employ	VERB
easat-2162	159	7	a	a	DET
easat-2162	159	8	mixed	mixed	ADJ
easat-2162	159	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	159	10	methods	method	NOUN
easat-2162	159	11	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	159	12	design	design	NOUN
easat-2162	159	13	to	to	PART
easat-2162	159	14	explore	explore	VERB
easat-2162	159	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	159	16	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	159	17	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	159	18	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	159	19	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	159	20	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	159	21	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	159	22	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	159	23	among	among	ADP
easat-2162	159	24	english	english	PROPN
easat-2162	159	25	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	159	26	a	a	DET
easat-2162	159	27	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-2162	159	28	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	159	29	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	159	30	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	159	31	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	159	32	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	159	33	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	159	34	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	159	35	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	159	36	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	159	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	160	1	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	160	2	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	160	3	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-2162	160	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	160	5	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-2162	160	6	methods	method	NOUN
easat-2162	160	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	160	8	this	this	DET
easat-2162	160	9	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	160	10	aims	aim	VERB
easat-2162	160	11	to	to	PART
easat-2162	160	12	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	160	13	a	a	DET
easat-2162	160	14	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-2162	160	15	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-2162	160	16	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	160	17	the	the	DET
easat-2162	160	18	issue	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	160	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	161	1	a	a	DET
easat-2162	161	2	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-2162	161	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	161	4	30	30	NUM
easat-2162	161	5	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	161	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	161	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	161	8	200	200	NUM
easat-2162	161	9	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	161	10	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	161	11	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	161	12	various	various	ADJ
easat-2162	161	13	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	161	14	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	161	15	across	across	ADP
easat-2162	161	16	benin	benin	PROPN
easat-2162	161	17	was	be	AUX
easat-2162	161	18	selected	select	VERB
easat-2162	161	19	to	to	PART
easat-2162	161	20	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-2162	161	21	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-2162	161	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	161	23	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-2162	161	24	across	across	ADP
easat-2162	161	25	regions	region	NOUN
easat-2162	161	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	161	27	school	school	NOUN
easat-2162	161	28	types	type	NOUN
easat-2162	161	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	162	1	2.1	2.1	NUM
easat-2162	162	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	162	3	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	162	4	instruments	instrument	NOUN
easat-2162	162	5	2.1.1	2.1.1	NUM
easat-2162	162	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	163	1	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	163	2	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	163	3	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	163	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	163	5	the	the	DET
easat-2162	163	6	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	163	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	163	8	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	163	9	aims	aim	VERB
easat-2162	163	10	to	to	PART
easat-2162	163	11	gather	gather	VERB
easat-2162	163	12	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-2162	163	13	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	163	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	163	15	'	'	PART
easat-2162	163	16	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	163	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	163	18	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	163	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	163	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	163	21	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-2162	163	22	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	163	23	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-2162	163	24	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	163	25	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	163	26	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	163	27	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	163	28	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	163	29	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	163	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	164	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	164	2	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	164	3	includes	include	VERB
easat-2162	164	4	sections	section	NOUN
easat-2162	164	5	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	164	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	164	7	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-2162	164	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	164	9	professional	professional	ADJ
easat-2162	164	10	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	164	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	164	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	164	13	perceptions	perception	NOUN
easat-2162	164	14	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	164	15	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	164	16	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	164	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	165	1	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	165	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	165	3	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	165	4	asked	ask	VERB
easat-2162	165	5	to	to	PART
easat-2162	165	6	rate	rate	VERB
easat-2162	165	7	the	the	DET
easat-2162	165	8	frequency	frequency	NOUN
easat-2162	165	9	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	165	10	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	165	11	use	use	NOUN
easat-2162	165	12	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	165	13	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-2162	165	14	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	165	15	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	165	16	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	165	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	166	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-2162	166	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	166	3	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	166	4	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	166	5	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	166	6	information	information	NOUN
easat-2162	166	7	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	166	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	166	9	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	166	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	166	11	training	training	NOUN
easat-2162	166	12	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	166	13	have	have	AUX
easat-2162	166	14	received	receive	VERB
easat-2162	166	15	to	to	PART
easat-2162	166	16	support	support	VERB
easat-2162	166	17	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	166	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	166	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	166	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	166	21	along	along	ADP
easat-2162	166	22	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	166	23	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	166	24	perceptions	perception	NOUN
easat-2162	166	25	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	166	26	these	these	DET
easat-2162	166	27	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	166	28	'	'	PART
easat-2162	166	29	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	166	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	167	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	167	2	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	167	3	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	167	4	explores	explore	VERB
easat-2162	167	5	the	the	DET
easat-2162	167	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	167	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	167	8	face	face	VERB
easat-2162	167	9	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	167	10	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-2162	167	11	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	167	12	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	167	13	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	167	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	167	15	including	include	VERB
easat-2162	167	16	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	167	17	related	relate	VERB
easat-2162	167	18	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	167	19	student	student	NOUN
easat-2162	167	20	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	167	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	167	22	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	167	23	constraints	constraint	NOUN
easat-2162	167	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	167	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	167	26	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	167	27	management	management	NOUN
easat-2162	167	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	168	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	168	2	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	168	3	asked	ask	VERB
easat-2162	168	4	to	to	PART
easat-2162	168	5	identify	identify	VERB
easat-2162	168	6	the	the	DET
easat-2162	168	7	most	most	ADV
easat-2162	168	8	common	common	ADJ
easat-2162	168	9	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
easat-2162	168	10	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	168	11	encounter	encounter	VERB
easat-2162	168	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	169	1	finally	finally	ADV
easat-2162	169	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	169	3	the	the	DET
easat-2162	169	4	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	169	5	asks	ask	VERB
easat-2162	169	6	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	169	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	169	8	to	to	PART
easat-2162	169	9	identify	identify	VERB
easat-2162	169	10	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	169	11	most	most	ADV
easat-2162	169	12	successful	successful	ADJ
easat-2162	169	13	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	169	14	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	169	15	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	169	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	169	17	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	169	18	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	169	19	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	169	20	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	169	21	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	169	22	'	'	PART
easat-2162	169	23	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	169	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	170	1	2.1.2	2.1.2	X
easat-2162	170	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	170	3	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	170	4	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	170	5	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	170	6	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	170	7	the	the	DET
easat-2162	170	8	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	170	9	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	170	10	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	170	11	aim	aim	VERB
easat-2162	170	12	to	to	PART
easat-2162	170	13	collect	collect	VERB
easat-2162	170	14	data	datum	NOUN
easat-2162	170	15	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	170	16	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	170	17	'	'	PART
easat-2162	170	18	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-2162	170	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	170	20	perceptions	perception	NOUN
easat-2162	170	21	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	170	22	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	170	23	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	170	24	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	170	25	within	within	ADP
easat-2162	170	26	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	170	27	english	english	ADJ
easat-2162	170	28	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	170	29	classes	class	NOUN
easat-2162	170	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	171	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	171	2	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	171	3	include	include	VERB
easat-2162	171	4	questions	question	NOUN
easat-2162	171	5	about	about	ADP
easat-2162	171	6	the	the	DET
easat-2162	171	7	types	type	NOUN
easat-2162	171	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	171	9	frequency	frequency	NOUN
easat-2162	171	10	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	171	11	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	171	12	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	171	13	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	171	14	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	171	15	encounter	encounter	VERB
easat-2162	171	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	172	1	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	172	2	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	172	3	asked	ask	VERB
easat-2162	172	4	to	to	PART
easat-2162	172	5	rate	rate	VERB
easat-2162	172	6	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	172	7	often	often	ADV
easat-2162	172	8	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	172	9	engage	engage	VERB
easat-2162	172	10	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	172	11	these	these	DET
easat-2162	172	12	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	172	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	173	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	173	2	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	173	3	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	173	4	explore	explore	VERB
easat-2162	173	5	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	173	6	'	'	PART
easat-2162	173	7	views	view	NOUN
easat-2162	173	8	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	173	9	the	the	DET
easat-2162	173	10	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	173	11	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	173	12	these	these	DET
easat-2162	173	13	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	173	14	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	173	15	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	173	16	classes	class	NOUN
easat-2162	173	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	173	18	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	173	19	engaging	engaging	ADJ
easat-2162	173	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	173	21	challenging	challenging	ADJ
easat-2162	173	22	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	173	23	find	find	VERB
easat-2162	173	24	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	173	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	174	1	finally	finally	ADV
easat-2162	174	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	174	3	the	the	DET
easat-2162	174	4	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	174	5	address	address	VERB
easat-2162	174	6	any	any	DET
easat-2162	174	7	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-2162	174	8	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	174	9	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	174	10	face	face	VERB
easat-2162	174	11	when	when	SCONJ
easat-2162	174	12	participating	participate	VERB
easat-2162	174	13	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	174	14	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	174	15	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	174	16	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	174	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	174	18	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	174	19	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	174	20	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
easat-2162	174	21	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	174	22	understanding	understand	VERB
easat-2162	174	23	the	the	DET
easat-2162	174	24	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	174	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	174	26	lack	lack	NOUN
easat-2162	174	27	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	174	28	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-2162	174	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	174	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	174	31	any	any	DET
easat-2162	174	32	perceived	perceive	VERB
easat-2162	174	33	lack	lack	NOUN
easat-2162	174	34	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	174	35	support	support	NOUN
easat-2162	174	36	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	174	37	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	174	38	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	174	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	175	1	2.1.3	2.1.3	NUM
easat-2162	175	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	175	3	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-2162	175	4	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	175	5	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	175	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	175	7	semi	semi	ADJ
easat-2162	175	8	-	-	ADJ
easat-2162	175	9	structured	structured	ADJ
easat-2162	175	10	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-2162	175	11	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	175	12	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	175	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	175	14	delve	delve	VERB
easat-2162	175	15	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	175	16	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	175	17	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-2162	175	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	175	19	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
easat-2162	175	20	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	175	21	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-2162	175	22	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	175	23	to	to	PART
easat-2162	175	24	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	175	25	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	175	26	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	175	27	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	175	28	among	among	ADP
easat-2162	175	29	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	175	30	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	175	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	176	1	each	each	DET
easat-2162	176	2	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-2162	176	3	begins	begin	VERB
easat-2162	176	4	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	176	5	discussing	discuss	VERB
easat-2162	176	6	the	the	DET
easat-2162	176	7	most	most	ADV
easat-2162	176	8	frequent	frequent	ADJ
easat-2162	176	9	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	176	10	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	176	11	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	176	12	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	176	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	176	14	use	use	VERB
easat-2162	176	15	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	176	16	class	class	NOUN
easat-2162	176	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	176	18	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	176	19	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	176	20	integrate	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	176	21	these	these	DET
easat-2162	176	22	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	176	23	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	176	24	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	176	25	lesson	lesson	NOUN
easat-2162	176	26	plans	plan	NOUN
easat-2162	176	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	177	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	177	2	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-2162	177	3	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	177	4	covers	cover	VERB
easat-2162	177	5	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	177	6	views	view	NOUN
easat-2162	177	7	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	177	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	177	9	adequacy	adequacy	NOUN
easat-2162	177	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	177	11	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	177	12	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	177	13	available	available	ADJ
easat-2162	177	14	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	177	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	178	1	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	178	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	178	3	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	178	4	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-2162	178	5	prompted	prompt	VERB
easat-2162	178	6	to	to	PART
easat-2162	178	7	share	share	VERB
easat-2162	178	8	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	178	9	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-2162	178	10	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	178	11	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
easat-2162	178	12	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	178	13	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	178	14	student	student	NOUN
easat-2162	178	15	resistance	resistance	NOUN
easat-2162	178	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	178	17	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-2162	178	18	class	class	NOUN
easat-2162	178	19	time	time	NOUN
easat-2162	178	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	178	21	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	178	22	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
easat-2162	178	23	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	178	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	179	1	finally	finally	ADV
easat-2162	179	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	179	3	the	the	DET
easat-2162	179	4	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-2162	179	5	explore	explore	VERB
easat-2162	179	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	179	7	'	'	PART
easat-2162	179	8	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	179	9	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	179	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	179	11	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	179	12	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	179	13	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	179	14	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	179	15	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	179	16	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	179	17	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	179	18	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	179	19	'	'	PART
easat-2162	179	20	775	775	NUM
easat-2162	179	21	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	179	22	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	179	23	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	179	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	179	25	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	179	26	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	179	27	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	179	28	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	179	29	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	179	30	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	179	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	179	32	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	180	1	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	180	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	180	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	180	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	181	1	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	181	2	:	:	SYM
easat-2162	181	3	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	181	4	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	181	5	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	181	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	181	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	181	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-2162	181	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	181	10	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	181	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	181	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	181	13	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	181	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	181	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	181	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	181	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	181	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	181	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-2162	181	20	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	181	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	181	22	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	181	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	181	24	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	181	25	a	a	DET
easat-2162	181	26	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-2162	181	27	view	view	NOUN
easat-2162	181	28	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	181	29	the	the	DET
easat-2162	181	30	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-2162	181	31	aspects	aspect	NOUN
easat-2162	181	32	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	181	33	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-2162	181	34	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	181	35	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	181	36	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	181	37	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	181	38	contexts	contexts	NOUN
easat-2162	181	39	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	181	40	benin	benin	PROPN
easat-2162	181	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	182	1	2.1.4	2.1.4	X
easat-2162	182	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	182	3	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	182	4	observation	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	182	5	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	182	6	addition	addition	NOUN
easat-2162	182	7	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	182	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	182	9	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	182	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	182	11	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-2162	182	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	182	13	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	182	14	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	182	15	have	have	AUX
easat-2162	182	16	provided	provide	VERB
easat-2162	182	17	further	further	ADJ
easat-2162	182	18	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-2162	182	19	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	182	20	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	182	21	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	182	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	182	23	implement	implement	VERB
easat-2162	182	24	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	182	25	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	182	26	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	182	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	182	28	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	182	29	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	182	30	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	182	31	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	182	32	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	182	33	’	'	PUNCT
easat-2162	182	34	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	182	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	183	1	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	183	2	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	183	3	were	be	AUX
easat-2162	183	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-2162	183	5	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	183	6	various	various	ADJ
easat-2162	183	7	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	183	8	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	183	9	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	183	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	183	11	permission	permission	NOUN
easat-2162	183	12	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	183	13	school	school	NOUN
easat-2162	183	14	authorities	authority	NOUN
easat-2162	183	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	184	1	these	these	DET
easat-2162	184	2	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	184	3	focused	focus	VERB
easat-2162	184	4	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	184	5	identifying	identify	VERB
easat-2162	184	6	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	184	7	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	184	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	184	9	implement	implement	VERB
easat-2162	184	10	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	184	11	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	184	12	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	184	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	184	14	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	184	15	these	these	DET
easat-2162	184	16	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	184	17	affect	affect	VERB
easat-2162	184	18	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	184	19	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	184	20	’	'	PUNCT
easat-2162	184	21	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	184	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	185	1	3	3	X
easat-2162	185	2	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	185	3	results	result	VERB
easat-2162	185	4	3.1	3.1	NUM
easat-2162	185	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	186	1	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-2162	186	2	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	186	3	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	186	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	187	1	3.1.1	3.1.1	X
easat-2162	187	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	187	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	187	4	'	'	PART
easat-2162	187	5	responses	response	NOUN
easat-2162	187	6	the	the	DET
easat-2162	187	7	following	follow	VERB
easat-2162	187	8	results	result	NOUN
easat-2162	187	9	were	be	AUX
easat-2162	187	10	obtained	obtain	VERB
easat-2162	187	11	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	187	12	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	187	13	administered	administer	VERB
easat-2162	187	14	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	187	15	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	187	16	teachers	teachers	PROPN
easat-2162	187	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	188	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-2162	188	2	1	1	NUM
easat-2162	188	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	188	4	frequency	frequency	NOUN
easat-2162	188	5	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	188	6	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-2162	188	7	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	188	8	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	188	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	188	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	189	1	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-2162	189	2	frequency	frequency	NOUN
easat-2162	189	3	frequency	frequency	NOUN
easat-2162	189	4	percentage	percentage	NOUN
easat-2162	189	5	always	always	ADV
easat-2162	189	6	20	20	NUM
easat-2162	189	7	67.7	67.7	NUM
easat-2162	189	8	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	189	9	rarely	rarely	ADV
easat-2162	189	10	10	10	NUM
easat-2162	189	11	33.3	33.3	NUM
easat-2162	189	12	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	189	13	never	never	ADV
easat-2162	189	14	00	00	NUM
easat-2162	189	15	00	00	NUM
easat-2162	189	16	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	189	17	total	total	NOUN
easat-2162	189	18	30	30	NUM
easat-2162	189	19	100	100	NUM
easat-2162	189	20	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	189	21	table	table	NOUN
easat-2162	189	22	1	1	NUM
easat-2162	189	23	shows	show	VERB
easat-2162	189	24	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	189	25	a	a	DET
easat-2162	189	26	majority	majority	NOUN
easat-2162	189	27	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	189	28	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	189	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	189	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	189	31	66.7	66.7	NUM
easat-2162	189	32	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	189	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	189	34	reported	report	VERB
easat-2162	189	35	always	always	ADV
easat-2162	189	36	using	use	VERB
easat-2162	189	37	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	189	38	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	189	39	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	189	40	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	189	41	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	189	42	classes	class	NOUN
easat-2162	189	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	189	44	while	while	SCONJ
easat-2162	189	45	33.3	33.3	NUM
easat-2162	189	46	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	189	47	rarely	rarely	ADV
easat-2162	189	48	use	use	VERB
easat-2162	189	49	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	189	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	190	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-2162	190	2	2	2	NUM
easat-2162	190	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	190	4	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	190	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	190	6	’	’	PART
easat-2162	190	7	perceptions	perception	NOUN
easat-2162	190	8	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	190	9	training	training	NOUN
easat-2162	190	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	190	11	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	190	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	191	1	statement	statement	NOUN
easat-2162	191	2	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-2162	191	3	answers	answer	NOUN
easat-2162	191	4	negative	negative	ADJ
easat-2162	191	5	answers	answer	NOUN
easat-2162	191	6	total	total	ADJ
easat-2162	191	7	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	191	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	191	9	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	191	10	well	well	ADV
easat-2162	191	11	trained	train	VERB
easat-2162	191	12	08	08	NUM
easat-2162	191	13	22	22	NUM
easat-2162	191	14	30	30	NUM
easat-2162	192	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	192	2	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	192	3	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	192	4	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	192	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	192	6	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-2162	192	7	00	00	NUM
easat-2162	192	8	30	30	NUM
easat-2162	192	9	30	30	NUM
easat-2162	192	10	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	192	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	192	12	face	face	VERB
easat-2162	192	13	several	several	ADJ
easat-2162	192	14	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	192	15	30	30	NUM
easat-2162	192	16	00	00	SYM
easat-2162	192	17	30	30	NUM
easat-2162	192	18	table	table	NOUN
easat-2162	192	19	2	2	NUM
easat-2162	192	20	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-2162	192	21	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	192	22	a	a	DET
easat-2162	192	23	minority	minority	NOUN
easat-2162	192	24	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	192	25	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	192	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	192	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	192	28	26.7	26.7	NUM
easat-2162	192	29	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	192	30	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	192	31	perceive	perceive	VERB
easat-2162	192	32	themselves	themselves	PRON
easat-2162	192	33	as	as	ADV
easat-2162	192	34	well	well	ADV
easat-2162	192	35	trained	train	VERB
easat-2162	192	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	192	37	while	while	SCONJ
easat-2162	192	38	a	a	DET
easat-2162	192	39	majority	majority	NOUN
easat-2162	192	40	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	192	41	73.3	73.3	NUM
easat-2162	192	42	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	192	43	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	192	44	feel	feel	VERB
easat-2162	192	45	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	192	46	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	192	47	not	not	PART
easat-2162	192	48	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
easat-2162	192	49	trained	train	VERB
easat-2162	192	50	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	192	51	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	192	52	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	192	53	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	192	54	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	193	1	all	all	DET
easat-2162	193	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	193	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	193	4	100	100	NUM
easat-2162	193	5	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	193	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	193	7	reported	report	VERB
easat-2162	193	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	193	9	the	the	DET
easat-2162	193	10	available	available	ADJ
easat-2162	193	11	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	193	12	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	193	13	not	not	PART
easat-2162	193	14	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	193	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	194	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-2162	194	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	194	3	all	all	DET
easat-2162	194	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	194	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	194	6	100	100	NUM
easat-2162	194	7	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	194	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	194	9	acknowledged	acknowledge	VERB
easat-2162	194	10	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	194	11	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	194	12	face	face	VERB
easat-2162	194	13	several	several	ADJ
easat-2162	194	14	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	194	15	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	194	16	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-2162	194	17	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	194	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	194	19	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	194	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	195	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-2162	195	2	3	3	NUM
easat-2162	195	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	196	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	196	2	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	196	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	196	4	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	196	5	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	196	6	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	196	7	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	196	8	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	196	9	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	196	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	197	1	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	197	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	197	3	ct	ct	NUM
easat-2162	197	4	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	197	5	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	197	6	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	197	7	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-2162	197	8	negative	negative	ADJ
easat-2162	197	9	great	great	ADJ
easat-2162	197	10	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	197	11	30	30	NUM
easat-2162	197	12	00	00	NUM
easat-2162	198	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	198	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-2162	198	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	198	4	this	this	DET
easat-2162	198	5	likert	likert	ADJ
easat-2162	198	6	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-2162	198	7	shows	show	VERB
easat-2162	198	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	198	9	all	all	DET
easat-2162	198	10	respondents	respondent	NOUN
easat-2162	198	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	198	12	100	100	NUM
easat-2162	198	13	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	198	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	198	15	indicated	indicate	VERB
easat-2162	198	16	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	198	17	the	the	DET
easat-2162	198	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	198	19	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	198	20	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	198	21	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	198	22	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	198	23	has	have	VERB
easat-2162	198	24	a	a	DET
easat-2162	198	25	great	great	ADJ
easat-2162	198	26	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	198	27	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	198	28	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	198	29	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	198	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	199	1	3.1.2	3.1.2	X
easat-2162	199	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	199	3	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	199	4	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	199	5	’	'	PUNCT
easat-2162	199	6	results	result	VERB
easat-2162	199	7	776	776	NUM
easat-2162	199	8	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	199	9	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	199	10	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	199	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	199	12	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	199	13	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	199	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	199	15	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	199	16	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	199	17	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	199	18	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	199	19	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	200	1	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	200	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	200	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	200	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	201	1	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	201	2	:	:	SYM
easat-2162	201	3	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	201	4	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	201	5	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	201	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	201	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	201	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-2162	201	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	201	10	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	201	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	201	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	201	13	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	201	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	201	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	201	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	201	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	201	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	201	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-2162	201	20	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-2162	201	21	1	1	NUM
easat-2162	201	22	.	.	NUM
easat-2162	201	23	types	type	NOUN
easat-2162	201	24	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	201	25	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	201	26	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	201	27	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	201	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	202	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-2162	202	2	1	1	NUM
easat-2162	202	3	shows	show	VERB
easat-2162	202	4	the	the	DET
easat-2162	202	5	types	type	NOUN
easat-2162	202	6	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	202	7	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	202	8	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	202	9	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	202	10	reported	report	VERB
easat-2162	202	11	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	202	12	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	202	13	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	202	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	203	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	203	2	data	datum	NOUN
easat-2162	203	3	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-2162	203	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	203	5	10	10	NUM
easat-2162	203	6	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	203	7	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	203	8	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	203	9	reported	report	VERB
easat-2162	203	10	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-2162	203	11	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	203	12	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	203	13	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	203	14	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	203	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	203	16	while	while	SCONJ
easat-2162	203	17	no	no	DET
easat-2162	203	18	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	203	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	203	20	0	0	NUM
easat-2162	203	21	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	203	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	203	23	reported	report	VERB
easat-2162	203	24	experiencing	experience	VERB
easat-2162	203	25	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	203	26	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	203	27	based	base	VERB
easat-2162	203	28	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	203	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	204	1	20	20	NUM
easat-2162	204	2	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	204	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	204	4	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	204	5	reported	report	VERB
easat-2162	204	6	practicing	practice	VERB
easat-2162	204	7	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	204	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	204	9	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	204	10	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	204	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	204	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	204	13	70	70	NUM
easat-2162	204	14	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	204	15	reported	report	VERB
easat-2162	204	16	practicing	practice	VERB
easat-2162	204	17	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	204	18	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	204	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	204	20	writing	write	VERB
easat-2162	204	21	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	204	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	205	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-2162	205	2	2	2	NUM
easat-2162	205	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	206	1	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	206	2	frequency	frequency	NOUN
easat-2162	206	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	206	4	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	206	5	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	206	6	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	206	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	207	1	throughout	throughout	ADP
easat-2162	207	2	the	the	DET
easat-2162	207	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-2162	207	4	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	207	5	this	this	DET
easat-2162	207	6	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-2162	207	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	207	8	75	75	NUM
easat-2162	207	9	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	207	10	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	207	11	the	the	DET
easat-2162	207	12	respondents	respondent	NOUN
easat-2162	207	13	said	say	VERB
easat-2162	207	14	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	207	15	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	207	16	always	always	ADV
easat-2162	207	17	do	do	VERB
easat-2162	207	18	a	a	DET
easat-2162	207	19	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-2162	207	20	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	207	21	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	207	22	activity	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	207	23	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	207	24	class	class	NOUN
easat-2162	207	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	207	26	20	20	NUM
easat-2162	207	27	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	207	28	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	207	29	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	207	30	approved	approve	VERB
easat-2162	207	31	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	207	32	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	207	33	rarely	rarely	ADV
easat-2162	207	34	practice	practice	VERB
easat-2162	207	35	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-2162	207	36	ct	ct	NOUN
easat-2162	207	37	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	207	38	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	207	39	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	207	40	class	class	NOUN
easat-2162	207	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	207	42	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	207	43	05	05	NUM
easat-2162	207	44	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	207	45	said	say	VERB
easat-2162	207	46	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	207	47	never	never	ADV
easat-2162	207	48	do	do	VERB
easat-2162	207	49	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	207	50	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	207	51	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	207	52	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	207	53	class	class	NOUN
easat-2162	207	54	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	208	1	777	777	NUM
easat-2162	208	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	208	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	208	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	208	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	208	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	208	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	208	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	208	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	208	10	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	208	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	208	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	208	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	208	14	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	208	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	208	16	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	208	17	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	209	1	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	209	2	:	:	SYM
easat-2162	209	3	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	209	4	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	209	5	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	209	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	209	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	209	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-2162	209	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	209	10	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	209	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	209	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	209	13	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	209	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	209	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	209	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	209	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	209	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	209	19	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-2162	209	20	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-2162	209	21	3	3	NUM
easat-2162	209	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	209	23	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	209	24	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	209	25	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	209	26	class	class	NOUN
easat-2162	209	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	210	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-2162	210	2	analyzing	analyze	VERB
easat-2162	210	3	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-2162	210	4	3	3	NUM
easat-2162	210	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	210	6	60	60	NUM
easat-2162	210	7	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	210	8	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	210	9	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	210	10	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	210	11	affirmed	affirm	VERB
easat-2162	210	12	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	210	13	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	210	14	have	have	VERB
easat-2162	210	15	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
easat-2162	210	16	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	210	17	understanding	understand	VERB
easat-2162	210	18	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	210	19	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	210	20	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	210	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	210	22	10	10	NUM
easat-2162	210	23	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	210	24	said	say	VERB
easat-2162	210	25	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	210	26	lack	lack	VERB
easat-2162	210	27	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-2162	210	28	during	during	ADP
easat-2162	210	29	ct	ct	NUM
easat-2162	210	30	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	210	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	210	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	210	33	30	30	NUM
easat-2162	210	34	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	210	35	pointed	point	VERB
easat-2162	210	36	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	210	37	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	210	38	lack	lack	VERB
easat-2162	210	39	support	support	NOUN
easat-2162	210	40	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	210	41	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	210	42	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	210	43	during	during	ADP
easat-2162	210	44	these	these	DET
easat-2162	210	45	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	210	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	211	1	3.1.3	3.1.3	NUM
easat-2162	211	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	211	3	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	211	4	observation	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	211	5	report	report	NOUN
easat-2162	211	6	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	211	7	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	211	8	were	be	AUX
easat-2162	211	9	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-2162	211	10	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	211	11	four	four	NUM
easat-2162	211	12	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	211	13	classes	class	NOUN
easat-2162	211	14	located	locate	VERB
easat-2162	211	15	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	211	16	different	different	ADJ
easat-2162	211	17	areas	area	NOUN
easat-2162	211	18	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	211	19	benin	benin	PROPN
easat-2162	211	20	to	to	PART
easat-2162	211	21	further	far	ADV
easat-2162	211	22	investigate	investigate	VERB
easat-2162	211	23	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	211	24	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	211	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	211	26	implement	implement	VERB
easat-2162	211	27	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	211	28	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	211	29	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	211	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	211	31	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	211	32	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	211	33	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	211	34	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	211	35	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	211	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	212	1	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	212	2	revealed	reveal	VERB
easat-2162	212	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	212	4	some	some	DET
easat-2162	212	5	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	212	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	212	7	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-2162	212	8	employed	employ	VERB
easat-2162	212	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	212	10	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	212	11	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	212	12	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	212	13	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	212	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	212	15	writing	write	VERB
easat-2162	212	16	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	212	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	212	18	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	212	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	212	20	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	212	21	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	212	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	212	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	212	24	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-2162	212	25	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	212	26	texts	text	NOUN
easat-2162	212	27	to	to	PART
easat-2162	212	28	encourage	encourage	VERB
easat-2162	212	29	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	212	30	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	212	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	213	1	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	213	2	one	one	NUM
easat-2162	213	3	observed	observe	VERB
easat-2162	213	4	upper	upper	ADJ
easat-2162	213	5	sixth	sixth	ADJ
easat-2162	213	6	class	class	NOUN
easat-2162	213	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	213	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	213	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	213	10	had	have	VERB
easat-2162	213	11	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	213	12	write	write	VERB
easat-2162	213	13	about	about	ADP
easat-2162	213	14	a	a	DET
easat-2162	213	15	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
easat-2162	213	16	issue	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	213	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	213	18	prompting	prompt	VERB
easat-2162	213	19	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	213	20	to	to	PART
easat-2162	213	21	construct	construct	VERB
easat-2162	213	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	213	23	defend	defend	VERB
easat-2162	213	24	arguments	argument	NOUN
easat-2162	213	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	214	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	214	2	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	214	3	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-2162	214	4	was	be	AUX
easat-2162	214	5	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-2162	214	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	214	7	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	214	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	214	9	actively	actively	ADV
easat-2162	214	10	participating	participate	VERB
easat-2162	214	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	214	12	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
easat-2162	214	13	increased	increase	VERB
easat-2162	214	14	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	214	15	when	when	SCONJ
easat-2162	214	16	given	give	VERB
easat-2162	214	17	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-2162	214	18	to	to	PART
easat-2162	214	19	discuss	discuss	VERB
easat-2162	214	20	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	214	21	work	work	NOUN
easat-2162	214	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	214	23	challenge	challenge	VERB
easat-2162	214	24	each	each	DET
easat-2162	214	25	other	other	ADJ
easat-2162	214	26	’s	’s	PART
easat-2162	214	27	views	view	NOUN
easat-2162	214	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	215	1	however	however	ADV
easat-2162	215	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	215	3	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	215	4	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	215	5	highlighted	highlight	VERB
easat-2162	215	6	variations	variation	NOUN
easat-2162	215	7	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	215	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	215	9	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	215	10	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	215	11	these	these	DET
easat-2162	215	12	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	215	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	216	1	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	216	2	some	some	DET
easat-2162	216	3	classes	class	NOUN
easat-2162	216	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	216	5	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	216	6	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	216	7	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	216	8	were	be	AUX
easat-2162	216	9	well	well	ADV
easat-2162	216	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	216	11	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	216	12	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	216	13	the	the	DET
easat-2162	216	14	lesson	lesson	NOUN
easat-2162	216	15	plans	plan	NOUN
easat-2162	216	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	216	17	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	216	18	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-2162	216	19	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-2162	216	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	216	21	structured	structure	VERB
easat-2162	216	22	guidance	guidance	NOUN
easat-2162	216	23	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	216	24	the	the	DET
easat-2162	216	25	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	216	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	217	1	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	217	2	other	other	ADJ
easat-2162	217	3	sessions	session	NOUN
easat-2162	217	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	217	5	however	however	ADV
easat-2162	217	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	217	7	the	the	DET
easat-2162	217	8	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-2162	217	9	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	217	10	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	217	11	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	217	12	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	217	13	seemed	seem	VERB
easat-2162	217	14	less	less	ADV
easat-2162	217	15	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	217	16	due	due	ADJ
easat-2162	217	17	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	217	18	unclear	unclear	ADJ
easat-2162	217	19	instructions	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	217	20	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	217	21	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
easat-2162	217	22	support	support	NOUN
easat-2162	217	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	218	1	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	218	2	a	a	DET
easat-2162	218	3	result	result	NOUN
easat-2162	218	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	218	5	some	some	DET
easat-2162	218	6	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	218	7	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	218	8	appeared	appear	VERB
easat-2162	218	9	confused	confused	ADJ
easat-2162	218	10	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	218	11	disengaged	disengaged	ADJ
easat-2162	218	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	218	13	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-2162	218	14	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	218	15	the	the	DET
easat-2162	218	16	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	218	17	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	218	18	the	the	DET
easat-2162	218	19	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	218	20	depended	depend	VERB
easat-2162	218	21	heavily	heavily	ADV
easat-2162	218	22	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	218	23	the	the	DET
easat-2162	218	24	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	218	25	's	's	PART
easat-2162	218	26	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	218	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	218	28	preparation	preparation	NOUN
easat-2162	218	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	219	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-2162	219	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	219	3	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	219	4	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
easat-2162	219	5	played	play	VERB
easat-2162	219	6	a	a	DET
easat-2162	219	7	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-2162	219	8	role	role	NOUN
easat-2162	219	9	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	219	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	219	11	success	success	NOUN
easat-2162	219	12	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	219	13	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	219	14	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	219	15	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	219	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	220	1	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	220	2	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	220	3	where	where	SCONJ
easat-2162	220	4	the	the	DET
easat-2162	220	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	220	6	created	create	VERB
easat-2162	220	7	a	a	DET
easat-2162	220	8	supportive	supportive	ADJ
easat-2162	220	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	220	10	open	open	ADJ
easat-2162	220	11	atmosphere	atmosphere	NOUN
easat-2162	220	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	220	13	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	220	14	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	220	15	felt	feel	VERB
easat-2162	220	16	more	more	ADV
easat-2162	220	17	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
easat-2162	220	18	sharing	share	VERB
easat-2162	220	19	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	220	20	ideas	idea	NOUN
easat-2162	220	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	220	22	participating	participate	VERB
easat-2162	220	23	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	220	24	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	220	25	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	220	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	221	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	221	2	use	use	NOUN
easat-2162	221	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	221	4	formative	formative	ADJ
easat-2162	221	5	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-2162	221	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	221	7	encouragement	encouragement	NOUN
easat-2162	221	8	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	221	9	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-2162	221	10	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	221	11	a	a	DET
easat-2162	221	12	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-2162	221	13	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	221	14	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-2162	221	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	222	1	however	however	ADV
easat-2162	222	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	222	3	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	222	4	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	222	5	where	where	SCONJ
easat-2162	222	6	the	the	DET
easat-2162	222	7	atmosphere	atmosphere	NOUN
easat-2162	222	8	was	be	AUX
easat-2162	222	9	less	less	ADV
easat-2162	222	10	supportive	supportive	ADJ
easat-2162	222	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	222	12	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	222	13	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	222	14	were	be	AUX
easat-2162	222	15	less	less	ADV
easat-2162	222	16	likely	likely	ADJ
easat-2162	222	17	to	to	PART
easat-2162	222	18	engage	engage	VERB
easat-2162	222	19	fully	fully	ADV
easat-2162	222	20	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	222	21	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	222	22	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	222	23	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	222	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	223	1	778	778	NUM
easat-2162	223	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	223	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	223	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	223	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	223	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	223	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	223	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	223	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	223	10	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	223	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	223	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	223	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	223	14	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	223	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	223	16	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	223	17	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	224	1	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	224	2	:	:	SYM
easat-2162	224	3	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	224	4	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	224	5	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	224	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	224	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	224	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-2162	224	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	224	10	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	224	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	224	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	224	13	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	224	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	224	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	224	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	224	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	224	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	224	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-2162	224	20	4	4	NUM
easat-2162	224	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	225	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-2162	225	2	this	this	DET
easat-2162	225	3	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	225	4	explored	explore	VERB
easat-2162	225	5	the	the	DET
easat-2162	225	6	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	225	7	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	225	8	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	225	9	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	225	10	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	225	11	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	225	12	beninese	beninese	PROPN
easat-2162	225	13	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	225	14	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	225	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	226	1	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-2162	226	2	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	226	3	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	226	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	226	5	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-2162	226	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	226	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	226	8	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	226	9	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	226	10	highlight	highlight	VERB
easat-2162	226	11	the	the	DET
easat-2162	226	12	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-2162	226	13	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	226	14	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	226	15	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	226	16	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	226	17	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	226	18	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	226	19	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	226	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	226	21	the	the	DET
easat-2162	226	22	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	226	23	faced	face	VERB
easat-2162	226	24	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	226	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	226	26	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	226	27	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-2162	226	28	these	these	DET
easat-2162	226	29	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	226	30	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-2162	226	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	227	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	227	2	data	datum	NOUN
easat-2162	227	3	reveals	reveal	VERB
easat-2162	227	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	227	5	while	while	SCONJ
easat-2162	227	6	most	most	ADJ
easat-2162	227	7	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	227	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	227	9	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
easat-2162	227	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	227	11	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-2162	227	12	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	227	13	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	227	14	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	227	15	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	227	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	227	17	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	227	18	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	227	19	face	face	VERB
easat-2162	227	20	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-2162	227	21	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
easat-2162	227	22	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	227	23	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	227	24	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	227	25	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	227	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	228	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	228	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	228	3	found	find	VERB
easat-2162	228	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	228	5	66.7	66.7	NUM
easat-2162	228	6	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	228	7	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	228	8	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	228	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	228	10	always	always	ADV
easat-2162	228	11	use	use	VERB
easat-2162	228	12	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	228	13	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	228	14	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	228	15	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	228	16	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	228	17	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	228	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	228	19	while	while	SCONJ
easat-2162	228	20	33.3	33.3	NUM
easat-2162	228	21	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	228	22	rarely	rarely	ADV
easat-2162	228	23	use	use	VERB
easat-2162	228	24	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	228	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	229	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	229	2	finding	finding	NOUN
easat-2162	229	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-2162	229	4	a	a	DET
easat-2162	229	5	need	need	NOUN
easat-2162	229	6	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	229	7	further	further	ADJ
easat-2162	229	8	professional	professional	ADJ
easat-2162	229	9	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	229	10	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-2162	229	11	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	229	12	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	229	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	229	14	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	229	15	benin	benin	PROPN
easat-2162	229	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	229	17	focusing	focus	VERB
easat-2162	229	18	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	229	19	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	229	20	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	229	21	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	229	22	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-2162	229	23	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	229	24	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	229	25	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	229	26	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	229	27	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	229	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	230	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	230	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	230	3	further	far	ADV
easat-2162	230	4	revealed	reveal	VERB
easat-2162	230	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	230	6	a	a	DET
easat-2162	230	7	majority	majority	NOUN
easat-2162	230	8	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	230	9	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	230	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	230	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	230	12	73.3	73.3	NUM
easat-2162	230	13	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	230	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	230	15	reported	report	VERB
easat-2162	230	16	they	they	PRON
easat-2162	230	17	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	230	18	not	not	PART
easat-2162	230	19	welltrained	welltraine	VERB
easat-2162	230	20	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	230	21	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	230	22	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	230	23	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	230	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	230	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	230	26	all	all	DET
easat-2162	230	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	230	28	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	230	29	100	100	NUM
easat-2162	230	30	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	230	31	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	230	32	indicated	indicate	VERB
easat-2162	230	33	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	230	34	the	the	DET
easat-2162	230	35	available	available	ADJ
easat-2162	230	36	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	230	37	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	230	38	not	not	PART
easat-2162	230	39	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	230	40	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	230	41	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-2162	230	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	231	1	these	these	DET
easat-2162	231	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-2162	231	3	align	align	VERB
easat-2162	231	4	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	231	5	previous	previous	ADJ
easat-2162	231	6	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	231	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	231	8	which	which	PRON
easat-2162	231	9	highlights	highlight	VERB
easat-2162	231	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	231	11	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-2162	231	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	231	13	faced	face	VERB
easat-2162	231	14	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	231	15	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	231	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	231	17	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	231	18	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-2162	231	19	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	231	20	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	231	21	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	231	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	231	23	akinola	akinola	PROPN
easat-2162	231	24	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	231	25	oladipo	oladipo	PROPN
easat-2162	231	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	231	27	2020	2020	NUM
easat-2162	231	28	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	231	29	adeyemi	adeyemi	ADV
easat-2162	231	30	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	231	31	afolabi	afolabi	NOUN
easat-2162	231	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	231	33	2018	2018	NUM
easat-2162	231	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	231	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	232	1	these	these	DET
easat-2162	232	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	232	3	include	include	VERB
easat-2162	232	4	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-2162	232	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	232	6	training	training	NOUN
easat-2162	232	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	232	8	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
easat-2162	232	9	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	232	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	232	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	232	12	a	a	DET
easat-2162	232	13	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-2162	232	14	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
easat-2162	232	15	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	232	16	memorization	memorization	NOUN
easat-2162	232	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	233	1	to	to	PART
easat-2162	233	2	address	address	VERB
easat-2162	233	3	these	these	DET
easat-2162	233	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	233	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	233	6	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
easat-2162	233	7	professional	professional	ADJ
easat-2162	233	8	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	233	9	programs	program	NOUN
easat-2162	233	10	focused	focus	VERB
easat-2162	233	11	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	233	12	innovative	innovative	ADJ
easat-2162	233	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	233	14	methods	method	NOUN
easat-2162	233	15	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	233	16	help	help	VERB
easat-2162	233	17	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-2162	233	18	stay	stay	VERB
easat-2162	233	19	current	current	ADJ
easat-2162	233	20	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	233	21	best	good	ADJ
easat-2162	233	22	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-2162	233	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	233	24	adapt	adapt	VERB
easat-2162	233	25	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	233	26	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	233	27	to	to	PART
easat-2162	233	28	better	well	ADV
easat-2162	233	29	support	support	VERB
easat-2162	233	30	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	233	31	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	233	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	233	33	darling	darling	NOUN
easat-2162	233	34	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	233	35	hammond	hammond	NOUN
easat-2162	233	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	233	37	2006	2006	NUM
easat-2162	233	38	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	233	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	234	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-2162	234	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	234	3	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	234	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	234	5	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	234	6	access	access	NOUN
easat-2162	234	7	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	234	8	authentic	authentic	ADJ
easat-2162	234	9	materials	material	NOUN
easat-2162	234	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	234	11	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	234	12	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	234	13	news	news	NOUN
easat-2162	234	14	articles	article	NOUN
easat-2162	234	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	234	16	multimedia	multimedia	NOUN
easat-2162	234	17	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	234	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	234	19	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	234	20	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	234	21	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	234	22	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	234	23	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	234	24	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	234	25	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	234	26	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	234	27	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-2162	234	28	contexts	context	NOUN
easat-2162	234	29	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	234	30	applying	apply	VERB
easat-2162	234	31	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	234	32	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	234	33	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	234	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	234	35	grabe	grabe	PROPN
easat-2162	234	36	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	234	37	stoller	stoller	PROPN
easat-2162	234	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	234	39	2011	2011	NUM
easat-2162	234	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	234	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	235	1	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	235	2	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	235	3	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	235	4	the	the	DET
easat-2162	235	5	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	235	6	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	235	7	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	235	8	make	make	VERB
easat-2162	235	9	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	235	10	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	235	11	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	235	12	more	more	ADV
easat-2162	235	13	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
easat-2162	235	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	235	15	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	235	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	235	17	warschauer	warschauer	NOUN
easat-2162	235	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	235	19	2011	2011	NUM
easat-2162	235	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	235	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	236	1	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	236	2	apps	app	NOUN
easat-2162	236	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	236	4	online	online	ADJ
easat-2162	236	5	forums	forum	NOUN
easat-2162	236	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	236	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	236	8	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	236	9	platforms	platform	NOUN
easat-2162	236	10	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	236	11	offer	offer	VERB
easat-2162	236	12	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-2162	236	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	236	14	engaging	engaging	ADJ
easat-2162	236	15	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-2162	236	16	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	236	17	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-2162	236	18	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	236	19	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	236	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	236	21	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	236	22	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-2162	236	23	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-2162	236	24	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	236	25	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	236	26	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-2162	236	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	237	1	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-2162	237	2	norms	norm	NOUN
easat-2162	237	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	237	4	values	value	NOUN
easat-2162	237	5	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	237	6	influence	influence	VERB
easat-2162	237	7	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	237	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	237	9	’	'	PUNCT
easat-2162	237	10	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
easat-2162	237	11	toward	toward	ADP
easat-2162	237	12	questioning	questioning	NOUN
easat-2162	237	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	237	14	debate	debate	NOUN
easat-2162	237	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	237	16	holliday	holliday	PROPN
easat-2162	237	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	237	18	2010	2010	NUM
easat-2162	237	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	237	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	238	1	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	238	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	238	3	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	238	4	be	be	AUX
easat-2162	238	5	mindful	mindful	ADJ
easat-2162	238	6	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	238	7	these	these	DET
easat-2162	238	8	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-2162	238	9	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-2162	238	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	238	11	adapt	adapt	VERB
easat-2162	238	12	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	238	13	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	238	14	to	to	PART
easat-2162	238	15	create	create	VERB
easat-2162	238	16	a	a	DET
easat-2162	238	17	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-2162	238	18	responsive	responsive	ADJ
easat-2162	238	19	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	238	20	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-2162	238	21	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	238	22	supports	support	VERB
easat-2162	238	23	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	238	24	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	238	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	239	1	all	all	DET
easat-2162	239	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	239	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	239	4	100	100	NUM
easat-2162	239	5	%	%	NOUN
easat-2162	239	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	239	7	recognized	recognize	VERB
easat-2162	239	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	239	9	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-2162	239	10	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	239	11	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	239	12	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	239	13	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	239	14	exercises	exercise	NOUN
easat-2162	239	15	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	239	16	the	the	DET
easat-2162	239	17	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	239	18	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	239	19	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	239	20	understanding	understand	VERB
easat-2162	239	21	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	239	22	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	239	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	240	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	240	2	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-2162	240	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	240	4	systematic	systematic	ADJ
easat-2162	240	5	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-2162	240	6	to	to	PART
easat-2162	240	7	assess	assess	VERB
easat-2162	240	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	240	9	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-2162	240	10	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	240	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	240	12	methods	method	NOUN
easat-2162	240	13	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	240	14	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
easat-2162	240	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	240	16	hattie	hattie	PROPN
easat-2162	240	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	240	18	2009	2009	NUM
easat-2162	240	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	240	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	241	1	gathering	gather	VERB
easat-2162	241	2	data	datum	NOUN
easat-2162	241	3	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	241	4	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	241	5	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	241	6	’	'	PUNCT
easat-2162	241	7	analytical	analytical	ADJ
easat-2162	241	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	241	9	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
easat-2162	241	10	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-2162	241	11	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	241	12	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	241	13	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-2162	241	14	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	241	15	the	the	DET
easat-2162	241	16	success	success	NOUN
easat-2162	241	17	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	241	18	these	these	DET
easat-2162	241	19	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-2162	241	20	efforts	effort	NOUN
easat-2162	241	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	241	22	inform	inform	VERB
easat-2162	241	23	future	future	ADJ
easat-2162	241	24	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-2162	241	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	242	1	as	as	ADV
easat-2162	242	2	far	far	ADV
easat-2162	242	3	as	as	SCONJ
easat-2162	242	4	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	242	5	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	242	6	are	be	AUX
easat-2162	242	7	concerned	concern	VERB
easat-2162	242	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	242	9	the	the	DET
easat-2162	242	10	results	result	NOUN
easat-2162	242	11	revealed	reveal	VERB
easat-2162	242	12	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	242	13	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	242	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	242	15	employed	employ	VERB
easat-2162	242	16	various	various	ADJ
easat-2162	242	17	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	242	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	242	19	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	242	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	243	1	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	243	2	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	243	3	indicated	indicate	VERB
easat-2162	243	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	243	5	when	when	SCONJ
easat-2162	243	6	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	243	7	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	243	8	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	243	9	were	be	AUX
easat-2162	243	10	well	well	ADV
easat-2162	243	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	243	12	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	243	13	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	243	14	lesson	lesson	NOUN
easat-2162	243	15	plans	plan	NOUN
easat-2162	243	16	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	243	17	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-2162	243	18	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-2162	243	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	243	20	structured	structured	ADJ
easat-2162	243	21	guidance	guidance	NOUN
easat-2162	243	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	243	23	student	student	NOUN
easat-2162	243	24	involvement	involvement	NOUN
easat-2162	243	25	was	be	AUX
easat-2162	243	26	notably	notably	ADV
easat-2162	243	27	high	high	ADJ
easat-2162	243	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	244	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	244	2	finding	finding	NOUN
easat-2162	244	3	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	244	4	supported	support	VERB
easat-2162	244	5	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	244	6	liu	liu	PROPN
easat-2162	244	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	244	8	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-2162	244	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	244	10	2018	2018	NUM
easat-2162	244	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	244	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	244	13	who	who	PRON
easat-2162	244	14	found	find	VERB
easat-2162	244	15	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	244	16	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	244	17	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	244	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	244	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	244	20	positively	positively	ADV
easat-2162	244	21	impacts	impact	VERB
easat-2162	244	22	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	244	23	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	244	24	'	'	PART
easat-2162	244	25	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-2162	244	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	244	27	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	244	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	245	1	however	however	ADV
easat-2162	245	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	245	3	the	the	DET
easat-2162	245	4	report	report	NOUN
easat-2162	245	5	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	245	6	highlights	highlight	VERB
easat-2162	245	7	variability	variability	NOUN
easat-2162	245	8	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	245	9	the	the	DET
easat-2162	245	10	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	245	11	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	245	12	these	these	DET
easat-2162	245	13	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	245	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	246	1	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	246	2	some	some	DET
easat-2162	246	3	classes	class	NOUN
easat-2162	246	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	246	5	the	the	DET
easat-2162	246	6	lack	lack	NOUN
easat-2162	246	7	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	246	8	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-2162	246	9	instructions	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	246	10	or	or	CCONJ
easat-2162	246	11	adequate	adequate	ADJ
easat-2162	246	12	support	support	NOUN
easat-2162	246	13	led	lead	VERB
easat-2162	246	14	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	246	15	student	student	NOUN
easat-2162	246	16	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-2162	246	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	246	18	disengagement	disengagement	NOUN
easat-2162	246	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	247	1	this	this	PRON
easat-2162	247	2	aligns	align	VERB
easat-2162	247	3	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	247	4	walsh	walsh	NOUN
easat-2162	247	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	247	6	sattes	satte	NOUN
easat-2162	247	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	247	8	2005	2005	NUM
easat-2162	247	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	247	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	247	11	who	who	PRON
easat-2162	247	12	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
easat-2162	247	13	the	the	DET
easat-2162	247	14	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-2162	247	15	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	247	16	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-2162	247	17	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-2162	247	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	247	19	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	247	20	questioning	questioning	NOUN
easat-2162	247	21	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	247	22	deepening	deepen	VERB
easat-2162	247	23	student	student	NOUN
easat-2162	247	24	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	247	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	248	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	248	2	report	report	NOUN
easat-2162	248	3	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	248	4	found	find	VERB
easat-2162	248	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	248	6	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	248	7	more	more	ADV
easat-2162	248	8	supportive	supportive	ADJ
easat-2162	248	9	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-2162	248	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	248	11	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	248	12	were	be	AUX
easat-2162	248	13	more	more	ADV
easat-2162	248	14	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
easat-2162	248	15	sharing	sharing	NOUN
easat-2162	248	16	ideas	idea	NOUN
easat-2162	248	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	248	18	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-2162	248	19	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	248	20	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	248	21	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	248	22	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	248	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	249	1	5	5	X
easat-2162	249	2	.	.	X
easat-2162	249	3	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
easat-2162	249	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	249	5	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
easat-2162	249	6	to	to	PART
easat-2162	249	7	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	249	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	249	9	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	249	10	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	249	11	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	249	12	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	249	13	english	english	PROPN
easat-2162	249	14	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	249	15	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-2162	249	16	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	249	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	249	18	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	249	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	249	20	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	249	21	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	249	22	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	249	23	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	249	24	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	249	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	249	26	it	it	PRON
easat-2162	249	27	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	249	28	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-2162	249	29	to	to	PART
easat-2162	249	30	adopt	adopt	VERB
easat-2162	249	31	a	a	DET
easat-2162	249	32	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
easat-2162	249	33	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	249	34	involving	involve	VERB
easat-2162	249	35	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	249	36	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	249	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	249	38	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	249	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	249	40	school	school	NOUN
easat-2162	249	41	authorities	authority	NOUN
easat-2162	249	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	249	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	249	44	the	the	DET
easat-2162	249	45	government	government	NOUN
easat-2162	249	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	250	1	these	these	DET
easat-2162	250	2	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
easat-2162	250	3	must	must	AUX
easat-2162	250	4	work	work	VERB
easat-2162	250	5	collaboratively	collaboratively	ADV
easat-2162	250	6	to	to	PART
easat-2162	250	7	develop	develop	VERB
easat-2162	250	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	250	9	implement	implement	VERB
easat-2162	250	10	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	250	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	250	12	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	250	13	foster	foster	VERB
easat-2162	250	14	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	250	15	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	250	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	250	17	a	a	DET
easat-2162	250	18	key	key	ADJ
easat-2162	250	19	skill	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	250	20	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	250	21	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	250	22	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-2162	250	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	250	24	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-2162	250	25	779	779	NUM
easat-2162	250	26	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	250	27	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	250	28	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	250	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	250	30	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	250	31	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	250	32	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	250	33	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	250	34	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	250	35	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	250	36	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	250	37	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	251	1	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	251	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	251	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	251	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	252	1	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	252	2	:	:	SYM
easat-2162	252	3	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	252	4	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	252	5	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	252	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	252	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	252	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-2162	252	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	252	10	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	252	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	252	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	252	13	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	252	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	252	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	252	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	253	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	253	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	253	3	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-2162	253	4	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
easat-2162	253	5	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	253	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	254	1	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	254	2	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	254	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	254	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	254	5	the	the	DET
easat-2162	254	6	focus	focus	NOUN
easat-2162	254	7	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	254	8	be	be	AUX
easat-2162	254	9	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	254	10	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	254	11	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	254	12	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	254	13	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	254	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	254	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	254	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	255	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	255	2	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	255	3	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
easat-2162	255	4	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	255	5	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	255	6	challenge	challenge	VERB
easat-2162	255	7	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	255	8	to	to	PART
easat-2162	255	9	analyze	analyze	VERB
easat-2162	255	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	255	11	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	255	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	255	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	255	14	create	create	VERB
easat-2162	255	15	rather	rather	ADV
easat-2162	255	16	than	than	ADP
easat-2162	255	17	just	just	ADV
easat-2162	255	18	memorize	memorize	VERB
easat-2162	255	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	256	1	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	256	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-2162	256	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	256	4	using	use	VERB
easat-2162	256	5	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-2162	256	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	256	7	solving	solve	VERB
easat-2162	256	8	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	256	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	256	10	debates	debate	NOUN
easat-2162	256	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	256	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	256	13	discussions	discussion	NOUN
easat-2162	256	14	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	256	15	various	various	ADJ
easat-2162	256	16	topics	topic	NOUN
easat-2162	256	17	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	256	18	stimulate	stimulate	VERB
easat-2162	256	19	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	256	20	’	'	PUNCT
easat-2162	256	21	analytical	analytical	ADJ
easat-2162	256	22	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	256	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	257	1	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	257	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	257	3	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	257	4	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	257	5	provide	provide	VERB
easat-2162	257	6	guidance	guidance	NOUN
easat-2162	257	7	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	257	8	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	257	9	to	to	PART
easat-2162	257	10	construct	construct	VERB
easat-2162	257	11	arguments	argument	NOUN
easat-2162	257	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	257	13	support	support	NOUN
easat-2162	257	14	opinions	opinion	NOUN
easat-2162	257	15	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	257	16	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-2162	257	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	258	1	professional	professional	ADJ
easat-2162	258	2	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	258	3	programs	program	NOUN
easat-2162	258	4	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	258	5	be	be	AUX
easat-2162	258	6	established	establish	VERB
easat-2162	258	7	to	to	PART
easat-2162	258	8	equip	equip	VERB
easat-2162	258	9	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	258	10	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	258	11	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-2162	258	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	258	13	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	258	14	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	258	15	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-2162	258	16	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	258	17	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	258	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	259	1	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	259	2	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	259	3	themselves	themselves	PRON
easat-2162	259	4	need	need	VERB
easat-2162	259	5	to	to	PART
easat-2162	259	6	adopt	adopt	VERB
easat-2162	259	7	a	a	DET
easat-2162	259	8	proactive	proactive	ADJ
easat-2162	259	9	role	role	NOUN
easat-2162	259	10	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	259	11	developing	develop	VERB
easat-2162	259	12	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	259	13	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	259	14	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	259	15	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	259	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	260	1	active	active	ADJ
easat-2162	260	2	participation	participation	NOUN
easat-2162	260	3	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	260	4	discussions	discussion	NOUN
easat-2162	260	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	260	6	projects	project	NOUN
easat-2162	260	7	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	260	8	require	require	VERB
easat-2162	260	9	them	they	PRON
easat-2162	260	10	to	to	PART
easat-2162	260	11	think	think	VERB
easat-2162	260	12	critically	critically	ADV
easat-2162	260	13	about	about	ADP
easat-2162	260	14	different	different	ADJ
easat-2162	260	15	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
easat-2162	260	16	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	260	17	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-2162	260	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	261	1	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	261	2	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	261	3	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	261	4	benefit	benefit	VERB
easat-2162	261	5	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	261	6	using	use	VERB
easat-2162	261	7	metacognitive	metacognitive	ADJ
easat-2162	261	8	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	261	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	261	10	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	261	11	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	261	12	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-2162	261	13	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	261	14	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	261	15	thought	thought	NOUN
easat-2162	261	16	processes	process	NOUN
easat-2162	261	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	261	18	questioning	question	VERB
easat-2162	261	19	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	261	20	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
easat-2162	261	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	262	1	creating	create	VERB
easat-2162	262	2	a	a	DET
easat-2162	262	3	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	262	4	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-2162	262	5	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	262	6	promotes	promote	VERB
easat-2162	262	7	curiosity	curiosity	NOUN
easat-2162	262	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	262	9	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
easat-2162	262	10	risk	risk	NOUN
easat-2162	262	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	262	12	taking	taking	NOUN
easat-2162	262	13	will	will	AUX
easat-2162	262	14	support	support	VERB
easat-2162	262	15	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	262	16	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-2162	262	17	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	262	18	this	this	DET
easat-2162	262	19	area	area	NOUN
easat-2162	262	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	263	1	school	school	NOUN
easat-2162	263	2	authorities	authority	NOUN
easat-2162	263	3	play	play	VERB
easat-2162	263	4	a	a	DET
easat-2162	263	5	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
easat-2162	263	6	role	role	NOUN
easat-2162	263	7	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	263	8	creating	create	VERB
easat-2162	263	9	an	an	DET
easat-2162	263	10	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-2162	263	11	conducive	conducive	ADJ
easat-2162	263	12	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	263	13	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	263	14	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	263	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	264	1	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	264	2	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	264	3	implement	implement	VERB
easat-2162	264	4	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-2162	264	5	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	264	6	prioritize	prioritize	VERB
easat-2162	264	7	the	the	DET
easat-2162	264	8	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	264	9	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	264	10	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	264	11	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	264	12	across	across	ADP
easat-2162	264	13	all	all	DET
easat-2162	264	14	subjects	subject	NOUN
easat-2162	264	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	264	16	not	not	PART
easat-2162	264	17	just	just	ADV
easat-2162	264	18	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	264	19	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	264	20	classes	class	NOUN
easat-2162	264	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	265	1	this	this	PRON
easat-2162	265	2	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	265	3	include	include	VERB
easat-2162	265	4	revising	revise	VERB
easat-2162	265	5	curricula	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	265	6	to	to	PART
easat-2162	265	7	integrate	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	265	8	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	265	9	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	265	10	components	component	NOUN
easat-2162	265	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	265	12	supporting	support	VERB
easat-2162	265	13	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-2162	265	14	-	-	ADJ
easat-2162	265	15	disciplinary	disciplinary	ADJ
easat-2162	265	16	projects	project	NOUN
easat-2162	265	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	265	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	265	19	investing	invest	VERB
easat-2162	265	20	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	265	21	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	265	22	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	265	23	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	265	24	libraries	library	NOUN
easat-2162	265	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	265	26	digital	digital	ADJ
easat-2162	265	27	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-2162	265	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	266	1	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	266	2	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	266	3	also	also	ADV
easat-2162	266	4	foster	foster	VERB
easat-2162	266	5	a	a	DET
easat-2162	266	6	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-2162	266	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	266	8	values	value	NOUN
easat-2162	266	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	266	10	rewards	reward	VERB
easat-2162	266	11	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	266	12	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	266	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	266	14	innovative	innovative	ADJ
easat-2162	266	15	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	266	16	among	among	ADP
easat-2162	266	17	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	266	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	266	19	staff	staff	NOUN
easat-2162	266	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	267	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	267	2	government	government	NOUN
easat-2162	267	3	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	267	4	support	support	VERB
easat-2162	267	5	these	these	DET
easat-2162	267	6	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
easat-2162	267	7	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	267	8	developing	develop	VERB
easat-2162	267	9	national	national	ADJ
easat-2162	267	10	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	267	11	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-2162	267	12	that	that	PRON
easat-2162	267	13	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
easat-2162	267	14	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	267	15	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	267	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	267	17	its	its	PRON
easat-2162	267	18	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-2162	267	19	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	267	20	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	267	21	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	267	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	268	1	this	this	PRON
easat-2162	268	2	includes	include	VERB
easat-2162	268	3	setting	set	VERB
easat-2162	268	4	standards	standard	NOUN
easat-2162	268	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	268	6	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
easat-2162	268	7	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	268	8	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-2162	268	9	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	268	10	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	268	11	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	268	12	the	the	DET
easat-2162	268	13	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	268	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	268	15	providing	provide	VERB
easat-2162	268	16	funding	funding	NOUN
easat-2162	268	17	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	268	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	268	19	training	training	NOUN
easat-2162	268	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	268	21	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	268	22	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-2162	268	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	269	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-2162	269	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	269	3	the	the	DET
easat-2162	269	4	government	government	NOUN
easat-2162	269	5	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	269	6	support	support	VERB
easat-2162	269	7	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	269	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	269	9	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	269	10	programs	program	NOUN
easat-2162	269	11	focused	focus	VERB
easat-2162	269	12	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	269	13	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	269	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	269	15	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	269	16	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	269	17	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	269	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	269	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	270	1	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-2162	270	2	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	270	3	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	270	4	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-2162	270	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	270	6	non	non	ADJ
easat-2162	270	7	-	-	ADJ
easat-2162	270	8	governmental	governmental	ADJ
easat-2162	270	9	organizations	organization	NOUN
easat-2162	270	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	270	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	270	12	international	international	ADJ
easat-2162	270	13	bodies	body	NOUN
easat-2162	270	14	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	270	15	further	far	ADV
easat-2162	270	16	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	270	17	the	the	DET
easat-2162	270	18	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-2162	270	19	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	270	20	these	these	DET
easat-2162	270	21	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	270	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	271	1	6	6	X
easat-2162	271	2	.	.	X
easat-2162	271	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
easat-2162	271	4	this	this	DET
easat-2162	271	5	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	271	6	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
easat-2162	271	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	271	8	implemented	implement	VERB
easat-2162	271	9	various	various	ADJ
easat-2162	271	10	instructional	instructional	ADJ
easat-2162	271	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	271	12	to	to	PART
easat-2162	271	13	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	271	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	271	15	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	271	16	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	271	17	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	271	18	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	271	19	english	english	PROPN
easat-2162	271	20	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	271	21	a	a	DET
easat-2162	271	22	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-2162	271	23	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	271	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	271	25	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	271	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	271	27	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	271	28	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	271	29	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	271	30	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	271	31	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	271	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	272	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	272	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	272	3	employed	employ	VERB
easat-2162	272	4	a	a	DET
easat-2162	272	5	mixed	mix	VERB
easat-2162	272	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	272	7	methods	method	NOUN
easat-2162	272	8	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-2162	272	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	272	10	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-2162	272	11	both	both	CCONJ
easat-2162	272	12	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-2162	272	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	272	14	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-2162	272	15	data	datum	NOUN
easat-2162	272	16	collection	collection	NOUN
easat-2162	272	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	273	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	273	2	method	method	NOUN
easat-2162	273	3	included	include	VERB
easat-2162	273	4	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-2162	273	5	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	273	6	30	30	NUM
easat-2162	273	7	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	273	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	273	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	273	10	200	200	NUM
easat-2162	273	11	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	273	12	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	273	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	273	14	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-2162	273	15	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	273	16	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	273	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	273	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	273	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	273	20	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	273	21	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-2162	273	22	to	to	PART
easat-2162	273	23	assess	assess	VERB
easat-2162	273	24	the	the	DET
easat-2162	273	25	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	273	26	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	273	27	the	the	DET
easat-2162	273	28	interventions	intervention	NOUN
easat-2162	273	29	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	273	30	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	273	31	'	'	PART
easat-2162	273	32	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
easat-2162	273	33	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	273	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	274	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	274	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-2162	274	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
easat-2162	274	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-2162	274	5	while	while	SCONJ
easat-2162	274	6	some	some	DET
easat-2162	274	7	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	274	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	274	9	use	use	VERB
easat-2162	274	10	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-2162	274	11	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	274	12	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	274	13	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	274	14	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	274	15	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	274	16	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	274	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	274	18	the	the	DET
easat-2162	274	19	majority	majority	NOUN
easat-2162	274	20	seem	seem	VERB
easat-2162	274	21	to	to	PART
easat-2162	274	22	neglect	neglect	VERB
easat-2162	274	23	these	these	DET
easat-2162	274	24	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-2162	274	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	274	26	potentially	potentially	ADV
easat-2162	274	27	due	due	ADP
easat-2162	274	28	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	274	29	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	274	30	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	274	31	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-2162	274	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	274	33	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	274	34	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	274	35	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	274	36	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	274	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	275	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-2162	275	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	275	3	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	275	4	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	275	5	face	face	VERB
easat-2162	275	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	275	7	such	such	ADJ
easat-2162	275	8	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	275	9	understanding	understand	VERB
easat-2162	275	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	275	11	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	275	12	used	use	VERB
easat-2162	275	13	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	275	14	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	275	15	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	275	16	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-2162	275	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	275	18	receiving	receive	VERB
easat-2162	275	19	adequate	adequate	ADJ
easat-2162	275	20	support	support	NOUN
easat-2162	275	21	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	275	22	their	their	PRON
easat-2162	275	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	275	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	276	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	276	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	276	3	had	have	VERB
easat-2162	276	4	several	several	ADJ
easat-2162	276	5	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-2162	276	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	277	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	277	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	277	3	was	be	AUX
easat-2162	277	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-2162	277	5	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	277	6	a	a	DET
easat-2162	277	7	relatively	relatively	ADV
easat-2162	277	8	small	small	ADJ
easat-2162	277	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	277	10	geographically	geographically	ADV
easat-2162	277	11	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-2162	277	12	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-2162	277	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	277	14	which	which	PRON
easat-2162	277	15	may	may	AUX
easat-2162	277	16	limit	limit	VERB
easat-2162	277	17	the	the	DET
easat-2162	277	18	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
easat-2162	277	19	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	277	20	the	the	DET
easat-2162	277	21	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-2162	277	22	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	277	23	other	other	ADJ
easat-2162	277	24	contexts	contexts	NOUN
easat-2162	277	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	278	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-2162	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	278	3	the	the	DET
easat-2162	278	4	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-2162	278	5	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	278	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	278	7	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	278	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	278	9	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	278	10	was	be	AUX
easat-2162	278	11	not	not	PART
easat-2162	278	12	fully	fully	ADV
easat-2162	278	13	explored	explore	VERB
easat-2162	278	14	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	278	15	this	this	DET
easat-2162	278	16	study	study	NOUN
easat-2162	278	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	279	1	future	future	ADJ
easat-2162	279	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	279	3	should	should	AUX
easat-2162	279	4	focus	focus	VERB
easat-2162	279	5	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	279	6	addressing	address	VERB
easat-2162	279	7	these	these	DET
easat-2162	279	8	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-2162	279	9	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	279	10	investigating	investigate	VERB
easat-2162	279	11	the	the	DET
easat-2162	279	12	role	role	NOUN
easat-2162	279	13	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	279	14	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-2162	279	15	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-2162	279	16	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	279	17	shaping	shape	VERB
easat-2162	279	18	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	279	19	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	279	20	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	279	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	279	22	exploring	explore	VERB
easat-2162	279	23	the	the	DET
easat-2162	279	24	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-2162	279	25	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	279	26	digital	digital	ADJ
easat-2162	279	27	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-2162	279	28	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	279	29	the	the	DET
easat-2162	279	30	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	279	31	process	process	NOUN
easat-2162	279	32	to	to	PART
easat-2162	279	33	further	far	ADV
easat-2162	279	34	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-2162	279	35	the	the	DET
easat-2162	279	36	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-2162	279	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	279	38	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-2162	279	39	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	279	40	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	279	41	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	279	42	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	279	43	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	279	44	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	279	45	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	279	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	280	1	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	280	2	continuing	continue	VERB
easat-2162	280	3	to	to	PART
easat-2162	280	4	explore	explore	VERB
easat-2162	280	5	these	these	DET
easat-2162	280	6	areas	area	NOUN
easat-2162	280	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	280	8	researchers	researcher	NOUN
easat-2162	280	9	can	can	AUX
easat-2162	280	10	contribute	contribute	VERB
easat-2162	280	11	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	280	12	the	the	DET
easat-2162	280	13	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	280	14	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	280	15	more	more	ADV
easat-2162	280	16	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	280	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	280	18	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-2162	280	19	responsive	responsive	ADJ
easat-2162	280	20	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	280	21	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	280	22	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	280	23	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	280	24	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	280	25	contexts	context	NOUN
easat-2162	280	26	like	like	ADP
easat-2162	280	27	benin	benin	PROPN
easat-2162	280	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	281	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
easat-2162	281	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	281	3	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	281	4	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	281	5	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	281	6	the	the	DET
easat-2162	281	7	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	281	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	282	1	this	this	DET
easat-2162	282	2	article	article	NOUN
easat-2162	282	3	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	282	4	an	an	DET
easat-2162	282	5	open	open	ADJ
easat-2162	282	6	access	access	NOUN
easat-2162	282	7	article	article	NOUN
easat-2162	282	8	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-2162	282	9	under	under	ADP
easat-2162	282	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	282	11	terms	term	NOUN
easat-2162	282	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	282	13	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-2162	282	14	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	282	15	the	the	DET
easat-2162	282	16	creative	creative	ADJ
easat-2162	282	17	commons	common	NOUN
easat-2162	282	18	attribution	attribution	NOUN
easat-2162	282	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	282	20	cc	cc	NOUN
easat-2162	282	21	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	282	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	282	23	license	license	NOUN
easat-2162	282	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	282	25	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-2162	282	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	282	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	283	1	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-2162	283	2	780	780	NUM
easat-2162	283	3	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-2162	283	4	applied	apply	VERB
easat-2162	283	5	science	science	NOUN
easat-2162	283	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	283	7	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	283	8	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-2162	283	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	283	10	2576	2576	NUM
easat-2162	283	11	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	283	12	8484	8484	NUM
easat-2162	283	13	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-2162	283	14	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	283	15	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	283	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	283	17	no	no	INTJ
easat-2162	283	18	.	.	NOUN
easat-2162	284	1	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	284	2	:	:	SYM
easat-2162	284	3	769	769	NUM
easat-2162	284	4	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	284	5	781	781	NUM
easat-2162	284	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	284	7	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	284	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-2162	284	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	284	10	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2162	NUM
easat-2162	284	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-2162	284	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	284	13	by	by	ADP
easat-2162	284	14	the	the	DET
easat-2162	284	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-2162	284	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-2162	284	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-2162	284	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	284	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-2162	284	20	references	reference	NOUN
easat-2162	284	21	[	[	X
easat-2162	284	22	1	1	NUM
easat-2162	284	23	]	]	PUNCT
easat-2162	284	24	abrami	abrami	NOUN
easat-2162	284	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	284	26	p.	p.	PROPN
easat-2162	284	27	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-2162	284	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	284	29	et	et	PROPN
easat-2162	284	30	all	all	PRON
easat-2162	284	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	285	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	285	2	2015	2015	NUM
easat-2162	285	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	285	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	286	1	instructional	instructional	ADJ
easat-2162	286	2	interventions	intervention	NOUN
easat-2162	286	3	affecting	affect	VERB
easat-2162	286	4	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	286	5	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	286	6	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	286	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	286	8	dispositions	disposition	NOUN
easat-2162	286	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	286	10	a	a	DET
easat-2162	286	11	stage	stage	NOUN
easat-2162	286	12	1	1	NUM
easat-2162	286	13	meta	meta	NOUN
easat-2162	286	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-2162	286	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	287	1	review	review	NOUN
easat-2162	287	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	287	3	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	287	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	287	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	287	6	85(2	85(2	NUM
easat-2162	287	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	287	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	287	9	275	275	NUM
easat-2162	287	10	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	287	11	315	315	NUM
easat-2162	287	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	288	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	288	2	2	2	NUM
easat-2162	288	3	]	]	SYM
easat-2162	288	4	adeyemi	adeyemi	ADV
easat-2162	288	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	288	6	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-2162	288	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	288	8	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	288	9	afolabi	afolabi	NOUN
easat-2162	288	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	288	11	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-2162	288	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	288	13	2018	2018	NUM
easat-2162	288	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	288	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	289	1	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	289	2	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	289	3	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-2162	289	4	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	289	5	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	289	6	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	289	7	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	289	8	secondary	secondary	ADJ
easat-2162	289	9	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	289	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	290	1	international	international	ADJ
easat-2162	290	2	journal	journal	PROPN
easat-2162	290	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	290	4	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	290	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	290	6	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-2162	290	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	290	8	6(4	6(4	NUM
easat-2162	290	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	290	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	290	11	320	320	NUM
easat-2162	290	12	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	290	13	334	334	NUM
easat-2162	290	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	291	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	291	2	3	3	NUM
easat-2162	291	3	]	]	SYM
easat-2162	291	4	akinola	akinola	PROPN
easat-2162	291	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	291	6	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-2162	291	7	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-2162	291	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	291	9	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	291	10	oladipo	oladipo	PROPN
easat-2162	291	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	291	12	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-2162	291	13	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-2162	291	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	291	15	2020	2020	NUM
easat-2162	291	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	291	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	292	1	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	292	2	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	292	3	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	292	4	into	into	ADP
easat-2162	292	5	english	english	PROPN
easat-2162	292	6	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	292	7	a	a	DET
easat-2162	292	8	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-2162	292	9	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	292	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	292	11	efl	efl	NOUN
easat-2162	292	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	292	13	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	292	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	292	15	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-2162	292	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	292	17	progress	progress	NOUN
easat-2162	292	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	293	1	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-2162	293	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	293	3	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	293	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	293	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	293	6	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	293	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	293	8	11(1	11(1	NUM
easat-2162	293	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	293	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	293	11	65	65	NUM
easat-2162	293	12	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	293	13	75	75	NUM
easat-2162	293	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	294	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	294	2	4	4	NUM
easat-2162	294	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	294	4	anderson	anderson	PROPN
easat-2162	294	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	294	6	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-2162	294	7	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-2162	294	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	294	9	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	294	10	krathwohl	krathwohl	PROPN
easat-2162	294	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	294	12	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-2162	294	13	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-2162	294	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	294	15	eds	eds	PROPN
easat-2162	294	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	294	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	294	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	295	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	295	2	2001	2001	NUM
easat-2162	295	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	295	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	296	1	a	a	DET
easat-2162	296	2	taxonomy	taxonomy	NOUN
easat-2162	296	3	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	296	4	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	296	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	296	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	296	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	296	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	296	9	assessing	assess	VERB
easat-2162	296	10	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	296	11	a	a	DET
easat-2162	296	12	revision	revision	NOUN
easat-2162	296	13	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	296	14	bloom	bloom	NOUN
easat-2162	296	15	’s	’s	PART
easat-2162	296	16	taxonomy	taxonomy	NOUN
easat-2162	296	17	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	296	18	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	296	19	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-2162	296	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	297	1	longman	longman	NOUN
easat-2162	297	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	298	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	298	2	5	5	X
easat-2162	298	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	298	4	assogba	assogba	PROPN
easat-2162	298	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	298	6	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-2162	298	7	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-2162	298	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	298	9	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	298	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	298	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	299	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	299	2	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	299	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	299	4	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
easat-2162	299	5	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	299	6	use	use	NOUN
easat-2162	299	7	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	299	8	english	english	PROPN
easat-2162	299	9	as	as	ADP
easat-2162	299	10	a	a	DET
easat-2162	299	11	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-2162	299	12	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	299	13	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	299	14	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	299	15	beninese	beninese	ADJ
easat-2162	299	16	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	299	17	system	system	NOUN
easat-2162	299	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	300	1	revue	revue	PROPN
easat-2162	300	2	d.l.t	d.l.t	PROPN
easat-2162	300	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	300	4	didactique	didactique	PROPN
easat-2162	300	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	300	6	linguistique	linguistique	PROPN
easat-2162	300	7	et	et	PROPN
easat-2162	300	8	traduction	traduction	PROPN
easat-2162	300	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	300	10	02(01	02(01	NUM
easat-2162	300	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	300	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	300	13	90	90	NUM
easat-2162	300	14	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	300	15	113	113	NUM
easat-2162	300	16	[	[	SYM
easat-2162	300	17	6	6	NUM
easat-2162	300	18	]	]	X
easat-2162	300	19	bankole	bankole	NOUN
easat-2162	300	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	300	21	minaflinou	minaflinou	NOUN
easat-2162	300	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	300	23	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-2162	300	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	300	25	2018	2018	NUM
easat-2162	300	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	300	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	301	1	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-2162	301	2	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	301	3	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	301	4	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	301	5	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	301	6	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	301	7	university	university	NOUN
easat-2162	301	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	301	9	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	301	10	benin	benin	PROPN
easat-2162	301	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	302	1	international	international	ADJ
easat-2162	302	2	journal	journal	PROPN
easat-2162	302	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	302	4	english	english	PROPN
easat-2162	302	5	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	302	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	302	7	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-2162	302	8	studies	study	NOUN
easat-2162	302	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	302	10	8(1	8(1	NOUN
easat-2162	302	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	302	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	302	13	1	1	NUM
easat-2162	302	14	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	302	15	13	13	NUM
easat-2162	302	16	[	[	X
easat-2162	302	17	7	7	NUM
easat-2162	302	18	]	]	X
easat-2162	302	19	bean	bean	NOUN
easat-2162	302	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	302	21	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	302	22	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-2162	302	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	302	24	2011	2011	NUM
easat-2162	302	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	302	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	303	1	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-2162	303	2	ideas	idea	NOUN
easat-2162	303	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	303	4	the	the	DET
easat-2162	303	5	professor	professor	NOUN
easat-2162	303	6	’s	’s	PART
easat-2162	303	7	guide	guide	NOUN
easat-2162	303	8	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	303	9	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-2162	303	10	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-2162	303	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	303	12	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	303	13	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	303	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	303	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	303	16	active	active	ADJ
easat-2162	303	17	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	303	18	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	303	19	the	the	DET
easat-2162	303	20	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	303	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	304	1	hoboken	hoboken	PROPN
easat-2162	304	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	304	3	nj	nj	PROPN
easat-2162	304	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	304	5	wiley	wiley	PROPN
easat-2162	304	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	305	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	305	2	8	8	NUM
easat-2162	305	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	305	4	berland	berland	NOUN
easat-2162	305	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	305	6	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-2162	305	7	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-2162	305	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	305	9	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	305	10	reiser	reiser	PROPN
easat-2162	305	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	305	12	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-2162	305	13	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	305	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	305	15	2021	2021	NUM
easat-2162	305	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	305	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	306	1	scaffolding	scaffold	VERB
easat-2162	306	2	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	306	3	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	306	4	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	306	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	306	6	based	base	VERB
easat-2162	306	7	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	306	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	307	1	journal	journal	PROPN
easat-2162	307	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	307	3	the	the	DET
easat-2162	307	4	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	307	5	sciences	science	NOUN
easat-2162	307	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	307	7	30(2	30(2	NUM
easat-2162	307	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	307	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	307	10	150	150	NUM
easat-2162	307	11	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	307	12	175	175	NUM
easat-2162	307	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	308	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	308	2	9	9	NUM
easat-2162	308	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	308	4	boud	boud	PROPN
easat-2162	308	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	308	6	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-2162	308	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	308	8	cohen	cohen	PROPN
easat-2162	308	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	308	10	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-2162	308	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	308	12	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	308	13	sampson	sampson	PROPN
easat-2162	308	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	308	15	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	308	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	308	17	2001	2001	NUM
easat-2162	308	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	308	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	309	1	peer	peer	NOUN
easat-2162	309	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	309	3	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	309	4	higher	high	ADJ
easat-2162	309	5	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	309	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	309	7	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	309	8	from	from	ADP
easat-2162	309	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	309	10	with	with	ADP
easat-2162	309	11	each	each	DET
easat-2162	309	12	other	other	ADJ
easat-2162	309	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	310	1	sydney	sydney	PROPN
easat-2162	310	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	310	3	routledge	routledge	PROPN
easat-2162	310	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	311	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	311	2	10	10	NUM
easat-2162	311	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	311	4	branford	branford	PROPN
easat-2162	311	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	311	6	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	311	7	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-2162	311	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	311	9	brown	brown	PROPN
easat-2162	311	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	311	11	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-2162	311	12	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-2162	311	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	311	14	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	311	15	cocking	cocking	PROPN
easat-2162	311	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	311	17	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-2162	311	18	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-2162	311	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	311	20	2000	2000	NUM
easat-2162	311	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	311	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	312	1	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	312	2	people	people	NOUN
easat-2162	312	3	learn	learn	VERB
easat-2162	312	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	312	5	brain	brain	NOUN
easat-2162	312	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	312	7	mind	mind	NOUN
easat-2162	312	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	312	9	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-2162	312	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	312	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	312	12	school	school	NOUN
easat-2162	312	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	313	1	washington	washington	PROPN
easat-2162	313	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	313	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
easat-2162	313	4	.	.	PROPN
easat-2162	313	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	313	6	national	national	PROPN
easat-2162	313	7	academy	academy	PROPN
easat-2162	313	8	press	press	PROPN
easat-2162	313	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	314	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	314	2	11	11	NUM
easat-2162	314	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	314	4	brophy	brophy	PROPN
easat-2162	314	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	314	6	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	314	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	314	8	2010	2010	NUM
easat-2162	314	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	314	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	315	1	motivating	motivate	VERB
easat-2162	315	2	students	student	NOUN
easat-2162	315	3	to	to	PART
easat-2162	315	4	learn	learn	VERB
easat-2162	315	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	316	1	guilford	guilford	PROPN
easat-2162	316	2	press	press	PROPN
easat-2162	316	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	317	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	317	2	12	12	NUM
easat-2162	317	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	317	4	cuban	cuban	PROPN
easat-2162	317	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	317	6	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-2162	317	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	317	8	2001	2001	NUM
easat-2162	317	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	317	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	318	1	overcoming	overcome	VERB
easat-2162	318	2	the	the	DET
easat-2162	318	3	crisis	crisis	NOUN
easat-2162	318	4	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	318	5	the	the	DET
easat-2162	318	6	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	318	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	318	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	318	9	role	role	NOUN
easat-2162	318	10	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	318	11	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	318	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	319	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
easat-2162	319	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	319	3	harvard	harvard	PROPN
easat-2162	319	4	education	education	PROPN
easat-2162	319	5	press	press	NOUN
easat-2162	319	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	320	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	320	2	13	13	NUM
easat-2162	320	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-2162	320	4	darling	darling	NOUN
easat-2162	320	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	320	6	hammond	hammond	PROPN
easat-2162	320	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	320	8	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-2162	320	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	320	10	2000	2000	NUM
easat-2162	320	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	320	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	321	1	how	how	SCONJ
easat-2162	321	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	321	3	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	321	4	matters	matter	VERB
easat-2162	321	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	322	1	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-2162	322	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	322	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	322	4	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	322	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	322	6	51(3	51(3	NUM
easat-2162	322	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	322	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	322	9	166	166	NUM
easat-2162	322	10	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	322	11	173	173	NUM
easat-2162	322	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	323	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	323	2	14	14	NUM
easat-2162	323	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-2162	323	4	darling	darling	NOUN
easat-2162	323	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	323	6	hammond	hammond	PROPN
easat-2162	323	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	323	8	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-2162	323	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	323	10	2006	2006	NUM
easat-2162	323	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	323	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	324	1	constructing	construct	VERB
easat-2162	324	2	21st	21st	ADJ
easat-2162	324	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	324	4	century	century	NOUN
easat-2162	324	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	324	6	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	324	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	325	1	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-2162	325	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	325	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	325	4	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	325	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	325	6	57(3	57(3	NUM
easat-2162	325	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	325	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	325	9	300	300	NUM
easat-2162	325	10	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	325	11	314	314	NUM
easat-2162	325	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	326	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	326	2	15	15	NUM
easat-2162	326	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-2162	326	4	facione	facione	NOUN
easat-2162	326	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	326	6	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-2162	326	7	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-2162	326	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	326	9	2015	2015	NUM
easat-2162	326	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	326	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	327	1	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	327	2	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	327	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	327	4	what	what	PRON
easat-2162	327	5	it	it	PRON
easat-2162	327	6	is	be	AUX
easat-2162	327	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	327	8	why	why	SCONJ
easat-2162	327	9	it	it	PRON
easat-2162	327	10	counts	count	VERB
easat-2162	327	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	328	1	measured	measure	VERB
easat-2162	328	2	reasons	reason	NOUN
easat-2162	328	3	llc	llc	PROPN
easat-2162	328	4	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	328	5	insight	insight	PROPN
easat-2162	328	6	assess	assess	NOUN
easat-2162	329	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	329	2	onlne	onlne	X
easat-2162	329	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	329	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	330	1	available	available	ADJ
easat-2162	330	2	at	at	ADP
easat-2162	330	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	330	4	https://www.researchgate.net	https://www.researchgate.net	PROPN
easat-2162	330	5	/publication/251303244_critical_thinking_what_it_is_and_why_it_counts	/publication/251303244_critical_thinking_what_it_is_and_why_it_counts	PUNCT
easat-2162	330	6	retrieval	retrieval	NOUN
easat-2162	330	7	date	date	NOUN
easat-2162	330	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	330	9	25th	25th	ADJ
easat-2162	330	10	july	july	PROPN
easat-2162	330	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	330	12	2024	2024	NUM
easat-2162	330	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	331	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	331	2	16	16	NUM
easat-2162	331	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-2162	331	4	gillies	gillie	NOUN
easat-2162	331	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	331	6	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-2162	331	7	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-2162	331	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	331	9	2007	2007	NUM
easat-2162	331	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	331	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	332	1	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-2162	332	2	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-2162	332	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	332	4	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	332	5	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	332	6	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-2162	332	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	333	1	australian	australian	ADJ
easat-2162	333	2	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-2162	333	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	333	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	333	5	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	333	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	333	7	32(3	32(3	NUM
easat-2162	333	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	333	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	333	10	1	1	NUM
easat-2162	333	11	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	333	12	16	16	NUM
easat-2162	333	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	334	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	334	2	17	17	NUM
easat-2162	334	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	334	4	gillespie	gillespie	PROPN
easat-2162	334	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	334	6	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-2162	334	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	334	8	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	334	9	mcclintock	mcclintock	PROPN
easat-2162	334	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	334	11	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-2162	334	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	334	13	2002	2002	NUM
easat-2162	334	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	334	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	335	1	training	training	NOUN
easat-2162	335	2	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	335	3	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	335	4	group	group	NOUN
easat-2162	335	5	work	work	NOUN
easat-2162	335	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	335	7	conflict	conflict	NOUN
easat-2162	335	8	resolution	resolution	NOUN
easat-2162	335	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	335	10	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-2162	335	11	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-2162	335	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	336	1	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-2162	336	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	336	3	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	336	4	psychology	psychology	NOUN
easat-2162	336	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	336	6	94(3	94(3	NUM
easat-2162	336	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	336	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	336	9	334	334	NUM
easat-2162	336	10	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	336	11	342	342	NUM
easat-2162	336	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	337	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	337	2	18	18	NUM
easat-2162	337	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	337	4	grabe	grabe	PROPN
easat-2162	337	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	337	6	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-2162	337	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	337	8	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	337	9	stoller	stoller	PROPN
easat-2162	337	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	337	11	f.	f.	PROPN
easat-2162	337	12	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-2162	337	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	337	14	2011	2011	NUM
easat-2162	337	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	337	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	338	1	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	338	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	338	3	researching	research	VERB
easat-2162	338	4	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	338	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	339	1	london	london	PROPN
easat-2162	339	2	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	339	3	new	new	PROPN
easat-2162	339	4	york	york	PROPN
easat-2162	339	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	339	6	routledge	routledge	PROPN
easat-2162	339	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	340	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	340	2	19	19	NUM
easat-2162	340	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	340	4	graham	graham	PROPN
easat-2162	340	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	340	6	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-2162	340	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	340	8	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	340	9	perin	perin	PROPN
easat-2162	340	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	340	11	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-2162	340	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	340	13	2007	2007	NUM
easat-2162	340	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	340	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	341	1	writing	write	VERB
easat-2162	341	2	next	next	ADV
easat-2162	341	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	341	4	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	341	5	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-2162	341	6	to	to	PART
easat-2162	341	7	improve	improve	VERB
easat-2162	341	8	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-2162	341	9	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	341	10	adolescents	adolescent	NOUN
easat-2162	341	11	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	341	12	middle	middle	ADJ
easat-2162	341	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	341	14	high	high	ADJ
easat-2162	341	15	schools	school	NOUN
easat-2162	341	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	342	1	alliance	alliance	NOUN
easat-2162	342	2	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	342	3	excellent	excellent	ADJ
easat-2162	342	4	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	342	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	343	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	343	2	20	20	NUM
easat-2162	343	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-2162	343	4	gulikers	guliker	NOUN
easat-2162	343	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	343	6	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	343	7	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-2162	343	8	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-2162	343	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	343	10	bastiaens	bastiaens	PROPN
easat-2162	343	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	343	12	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-2162	343	13	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	343	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	343	15	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	343	16	kirschner	kirschner	PROPN
easat-2162	343	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	343	18	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-2162	343	19	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-2162	343	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	343	21	2004	2004	NUM
easat-2162	343	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	343	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	344	1	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-2162	344	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	344	3	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
easat-2162	344	4	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	344	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	344	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	344	7	the	the	DET
easat-2162	344	8	case	case	NOUN
easat-2162	344	9	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	344	10	e	e	NOUN
easat-2162	344	11	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
easat-2162	344	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	345	1	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-2162	345	2	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	345	3	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-2162	345	4	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	345	5	higher	high	ADJ
easat-2162	345	6	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	345	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	345	8	29(3	29(3	NUM
easat-2162	345	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	345	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	345	11	261	261	NUM
easat-2162	345	12	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	345	13	273	273	NUM
easat-2162	345	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	346	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	346	2	21	21	NUM
easat-2162	346	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	346	4	hattie	hattie	PROPN
easat-2162	346	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	346	6	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	346	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	346	8	2009	2009	NUM
easat-2162	346	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	346	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	347	1	visible	visible	ADJ
easat-2162	347	2	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	347	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	347	4	a	a	DET
easat-2162	347	5	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
easat-2162	347	6	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	347	7	over	over	ADP
easat-2162	347	8	800	800	NUM
easat-2162	347	9	meta	meta	ADJ
easat-2162	347	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	347	11	analyses	analysis	NOUN
easat-2162	347	12	relating	relate	VERB
easat-2162	347	13	to	to	ADP
easat-2162	347	14	achievement	achievement	NOUN
easat-2162	347	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	348	1	london	london	PROPN
easat-2162	348	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	348	3	routledge	routledge	PROPN
easat-2162	348	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	349	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	349	2	22	22	NUM
easat-2162	349	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	349	4	hattie	hattie	PROPN
easat-2162	349	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	349	6	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	349	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	349	8	2015	2015	NUM
easat-2162	349	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	349	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	350	1	visible	visible	ADJ
easat-2162	350	2	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	350	3	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	350	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-2162	350	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	350	6	maximizing	maximize	VERB
easat-2162	350	7	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	350	8	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	350	9	learning	learn	VERB
easat-2162	350	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	351	1	london	london	PROPN
easat-2162	351	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	351	3	routledge	routledge	PROPN
easat-2162	351	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	352	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	352	2	23	23	NUM
easat-2162	352	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	352	4	hattie	hattie	PROPN
easat-2162	352	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	352	6	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	352	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	352	8	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	352	9	timperley	timperley	PROPN
easat-2162	352	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	352	11	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-2162	352	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	352	13	2007	2007	NUM
easat-2162	352	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	352	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	353	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	353	2	power	power	NOUN
easat-2162	353	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	353	4	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-2162	353	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	354	1	review	review	NOUN
easat-2162	354	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	354	3	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	354	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	354	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	354	6	77(1	77(1	NOUN
easat-2162	354	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	354	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	354	9	81	81	NUM
easat-2162	354	10	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	354	11	112	112	NUM
easat-2162	354	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	355	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	355	2	24	24	NUM
easat-2162	355	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	355	4	holliday	holliday	PROPN
easat-2162	355	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	355	6	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-2162	355	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	355	8	2010	2010	NUM
easat-2162	355	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	355	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	356	1	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-2162	356	2	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	356	3	english	english	ADJ
easat-2162	356	4	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	356	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	356	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	357	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
easat-2162	357	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	357	3	macmillan	macmillan	PROPN
easat-2162	357	4	education	education	PROPN
easat-2162	357	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	358	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	358	2	25	25	NUM
easat-2162	358	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	358	4	johnson	johnson	PROPN
easat-2162	358	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	358	6	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-2162	358	7	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-2162	358	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	358	9	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	358	10	johnson	johnson	PROPN
easat-2162	358	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	358	12	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-2162	358	13	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-2162	358	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	358	15	2014	2014	NUM
easat-2162	358	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	358	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	359	1	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
easat-2162	359	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	359	3	the	the	DET
easat-2162	359	4	use	use	NOUN
easat-2162	359	5	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	359	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	359	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	359	8	the	the	DET
easat-2162	359	9	role	role	NOUN
easat-2162	359	10	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	359	11	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-2162	359	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	359	13	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	359	14	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	359	15	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	359	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	360	1	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	360	2	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	360	3	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	360	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	360	5	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	360	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	360	7	62(2	62(2	NOUN
easat-2162	360	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	360	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	360	10	229	229	NUM
easat-2162	360	11	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	360	12	252	252	NUM
easat-2162	360	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	361	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	361	2	26	26	NUM
easat-2162	361	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	361	4	johnson	johnson	PROPN
easat-2162	361	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	361	6	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-2162	361	7	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-2162	361	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	361	9	johnson	johnson	PROPN
easat-2162	361	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	361	11	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-2162	361	12	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-2162	361	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	361	14	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	361	15	smith	smith	PROPN
easat-2162	361	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	361	17	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-2162	361	18	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-2162	361	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	361	20	2014	2014	NUM
easat-2162	361	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	361	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	362	1	active	active	ADJ
easat-2162	362	2	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	362	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	362	4	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
easat-2162	362	5	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	362	6	the	the	DET
easat-2162	362	7	college	college	NOUN
easat-2162	362	8	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-2162	362	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	363	1	edina	edina	PROPN
easat-2162	363	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	363	3	mn	mn	PROPN
easat-2162	363	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	363	5	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-2162	363	6	book	book	NOUN
easat-2162	363	7	company	company	NOUN
easat-2162	363	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	364	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	364	2	27	27	NUM
easat-2162	364	3	]	]	SYM
easat-2162	364	4	king	king	NOUN
easat-2162	364	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	364	6	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-2162	364	7	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-2162	364	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	364	9	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	364	10	kitchener	kitchener	PROPN
easat-2162	364	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	364	12	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-2162	364	13	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-2162	364	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	364	15	2004	2004	NUM
easat-2162	364	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	364	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	365	1	developing	develop	VERB
easat-2162	365	2	reflective	reflective	ADJ
easat-2162	365	3	judgment	judgment	NOUN
easat-2162	365	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	365	5	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-2162	365	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	365	7	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-2162	365	8	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
easat-2162	365	9	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-2162	365	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	365	11	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	365	12	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	365	13	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	365	14	adolescents	adolescent	NOUN
easat-2162	365	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	365	16	adults	adult	NOUN
easat-2162	365	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	366	1	san	san	PROPN
easat-2162	366	2	francisco	francisco	PROPN
easat-2162	366	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	366	4	jossey	jossey	NOUN
easat-2162	366	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	366	6	bass	bass	NOUN
easat-2162	366	7	publishers	publisher	NOUN
easat-2162	366	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	367	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	367	2	28	28	NUM
easat-2162	367	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	367	4	kuhn	kuhn	PROPN
easat-2162	367	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	367	6	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-2162	367	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	367	8	2007	2007	NUM
easat-2162	367	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	367	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	368	1	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	368	2	for	for	ADP
easat-2162	368	3	thinking	think	VERB
easat-2162	368	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	369	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
easat-2162	369	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	369	3	harvard	harvard	PROPN
easat-2162	369	4	university	university	PROPN
easat-2162	369	5	press	press	NOUN
easat-2162	369	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	370	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	370	2	29	29	NUM
easat-2162	370	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	370	4	kumar	kumar	PROPN
easat-2162	370	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	370	6	v.	v.	PROPN
easat-2162	370	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	370	8	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	370	9	lee	lee	PROPN
easat-2162	370	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	370	11	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-2162	370	12	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-2162	370	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	370	14	2023	2023	NUM
easat-2162	370	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	370	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	370	17	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
easat-2162	370	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-2162	370	19	based	base	VERB
easat-2162	370	20	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-2162	370	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	370	22	the	the	DET
easat-2162	370	23	role	role	NOUN
easat-2162	370	24	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	370	25	student	student	NOUN
easat-2162	370	26	exploration	exploration	NOUN
easat-2162	370	27	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	370	28	education	education	NOUN
easat-2162	370	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	371	1	international	international	ADJ
easat-2162	371	2	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-2162	371	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	371	4	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	371	5	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	371	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	371	7	122(1	122(1	NUM
easat-2162	371	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	371	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	371	10	45	45	NUM
easat-2162	371	11	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	371	12	62	62	NUM
easat-2162	371	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	372	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	372	2	30	30	NUM
easat-2162	372	3	]	]	SYM
easat-2162	372	4	leu	leu	PROPN
easat-2162	372	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	372	6	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-2162	372	7	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	372	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	372	9	kinzer	kinzer	PROPN
easat-2162	372	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	372	11	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-2162	372	12	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-2162	372	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	372	14	coiro	coiro	PROPN
easat-2162	372	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	372	16	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	372	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	372	18	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	372	19	castek	castek	PROPN
easat-2162	372	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	372	21	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	372	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	372	23	2004	2004	NUM
easat-2162	372	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	372	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	373	1	the	the	DET
easat-2162	373	2	new	new	ADJ
easat-2162	373	3	literacies	literacy	NOUN
easat-2162	373	4	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	373	5	online	online	ADJ
easat-2162	373	6	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-2162	373	7	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
easat-2162	373	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	373	9	expanding	expand	VERB
easat-2162	373	10	the	the	DET
easat-2162	373	11	literacy	literacy	NOUN
easat-2162	373	12	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-2162	373	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	374	1	reading	read	VERB
easat-2162	374	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	374	3	quarterly	quarterly	ADJ
easat-2162	374	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	374	5	39(4	39(4	NOUN
easat-2162	374	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	374	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	374	8	400	400	NUM
easat-2162	374	9	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	374	10	418	418	NUM
easat-2162	374	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	375	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	375	2	31	31	NUM
easat-2162	375	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-2162	375	4	levy	levy	NOUN
easat-2162	375	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	375	6	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-2162	375	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	375	8	2019	2019	NUM
easat-2162	375	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	375	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	376	1	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	376	2	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	376	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	376	4	the	the	DET
easat-2162	376	5	role	role	NOUN
easat-2162	376	6	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	376	7	the	the	DET
easat-2162	376	8	individual	individual	NOUN
easat-2162	376	9	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	376	10	society	society	NOUN
easat-2162	376	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	377	1	journal	journal	PROPN
easat-2162	377	2	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	377	3	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	377	4	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	377	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	377	6	society	society	NOUN
easat-2162	377	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	377	8	14(3	14(3	NUM
easat-2162	377	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	377	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	377	11	45	45	NUM
easat-2162	377	12	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	377	13	58	58	NUM
easat-2162	377	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	378	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	378	2	32	32	NUM
easat-2162	378	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	378	4	liu	liu	PROPN
easat-2162	378	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	378	6	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-2162	378	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	378	8	&	&	CCONJ
easat-2162	378	9	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-2162	378	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	378	11	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-2162	378	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	378	13	2018	2018	NUM
easat-2162	378	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	378	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	379	1	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-2162	379	2	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	379	3	in	in	ADP
easat-2162	379	4	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-2162	379	5	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-2162	379	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-2162	379	7	impacts	impact	NOUN
easat-2162	379	8	on	on	ADP
easat-2162	379	9	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-2162	379	10	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-2162	379	11	'	'	PART
easat-2162	379	12	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-2162	379	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	379	14	[	[	X
easat-2162	379	15	33	33	NUM
easat-2162	379	16	]	]	PUNCT
easat-2162	379	17	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-2162	379	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	380	1	language	language	NOUN
easat-2162	380	2	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-2162	380	3	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	380	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	380	5	22(2	22(2	NUM
easat-2162	380	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	380	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	380	8	191	191	NUM
easat-2162	380	9	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	380	10	209	209	NUM
easat-2162	380	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	381	1	[	[	X
easat-2162	381	2	34	34	NUM
easat-2162	381	3	]	]	X
easat-2162	381	4	merrill	merrill	NOUN
easat-2162	381	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	381	6	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-2162	381	7	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-2162	381	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	381	9	2002	2002	NUM
easat-2162	381	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	381	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	382	1	first	first	ADJ
easat-2162	382	2	principles	principle	NOUN
easat-2162	382	3	of	of	ADP
easat-2162	382	4	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-2162	382	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	383	1	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-2162	383	2	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-2162	383	3	research	research	NOUN
easat-2162	383	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-2162	383	5	development	development	NOUN
easat-2162	383	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	383	7	50(3	50(3	NUM
easat-2162	383	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	383	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-2162	383	10	43	43	NUM
easat-2162	383	11	-	-	SYM
easat-2162	383	12	59	59	NUM
easat-2162	383	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-2162	384	1	https://www.researchgate.net/	https://www.researchgate.net/	NOUN
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easat-2162	384	6	and	and	CCONJ
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easat-2162	384	9	:	:	PUNCT
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easat-2162	384	11	-	-	SYM
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easat-2162	385	2	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-2162	386	2	:	:	SYM
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easat-2162	386	4	-	-	SYM
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easat-2162	386	6	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-2162	387	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-2162	387	9	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-2162	387	17	(	(	PUNCT
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easat-2162	387	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	387	20	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-2162	388	3	:	:	PUNCT
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easat-2162	388	8	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-2162	389	7	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-2162	390	11	2004	2004	NUM
easat-2162	390	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	390	13	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-2162	391	10	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-2162	392	7	)	)	PUNCT
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easat-2162	393	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	393	15	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-2162	396	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-2162	401	9	2006	2006	NUM
easat-2162	401	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	401	11	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-2162	403	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	403	8	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-2162	403	10	-	-	SYM
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easat-2162	404	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-2162	406	10	-	-	SYM
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easat-2162	407	2	41	41	NUM
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easat-2162	407	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-2162	407	9	2014	2014	NUM
easat-2162	407	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	407	11	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-2162	410	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	410	17	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-2162	413	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-2162	413	7	(	(	PUNCT
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easat-2162	413	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	413	10	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-2162	415	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-2162	415	9	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-2162	415	11	-	-	SYM
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easat-2162	416	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-2162	416	6	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-2162	416	7	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-2162	419	8	2011	2011	NUM
easat-2162	419	9	)	)	PUNCT
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