id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
easat-5381	1	1	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5381	1	2	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5381	1	3	science	science	NOUN
easat-5381	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	1	5	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5381	1	6	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5381	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	1	8	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5381	1	9	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	1	10	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5381	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	1	12	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	2	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	2	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	2	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	2	5	3	3	NUM
easat-5381	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	2	7	914	914	NUM
easat-5381	2	8	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	2	9	921	921	NUM
easat-5381	2	10	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	2	11	publisher	publisher	NOUN
easat-5381	2	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	2	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	2	14	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5381	2	15	doi	doi	PROPN
easat-5381	2	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	2	17	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	NUM
easat-5381	2	18	©	©	ADP
easat-5381	2	19	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	2	20	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	2	21	the	the	DET
easat-5381	2	22	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5381	2	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5381	3	2	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	3	3	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5381	3	4	©	©	PROPN
easat-5381	3	5	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	3	6	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	3	7	the	the	DET
easat-5381	3	8	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5381	3	9	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	10	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5381	3	11	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	3	12	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5381	3	13	history	history	NOUN
easat-5381	3	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	15	received	receive	VERB
easat-5381	3	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	17	6	6	NUM
easat-5381	3	18	january	january	NOUN
easat-5381	3	19	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	3	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	21	revised	revise	VERB
easat-5381	3	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	23	21	21	NUM
easat-5381	3	24	february	february	NOUN
easat-5381	3	25	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	3	26	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	27	accepted	accept	VERB
easat-5381	3	28	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	29	24	24	NUM
easat-5381	3	30	february	february	NOUN
easat-5381	3	31	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	3	32	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	33	published	publish	VERB
easat-5381	3	34	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	35	12	12	NUM
easat-5381	3	36	march	march	NOUN
easat-5381	3	37	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	3	38	*	*	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	39	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
easat-5381	3	40	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	3	41	shih78465@gmail.com	shih78465@gmail.com	X
easat-5381	4	1	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-5381	4	2	an	an	DET
easat-5381	4	3	element	element	NOUN
easat-5381	4	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	4	5	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	4	6	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	4	7	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	4	8	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	4	9	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	4	10	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	4	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	12	the	the	DET
easat-5381	4	13	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-5381	4	14	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	4	15	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	4	16	tongue	tongue	PROPN
easat-5381	4	17	language	language	PROPN
easat-5381	4	18	yi	yi	PROPN
easat-5381	4	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	20	yi	yi	PROPN
easat-5381	4	21	liu1	liu1	PROPN
easat-5381	4	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	23	wen	wen	PROPN
easat-5381	4	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	25	wei	wei	PROPN
easat-5381	4	26	chiang2	chiang2	PROPN
easat-5381	4	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	28	chia	chia	PROPN
easat-5381	4	29	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	30	fen	fen	PROPN
easat-5381	4	31	lin3	lin3	PROPN
easat-5381	4	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	33	yu	yu	PROPN
easat-5381	4	34	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	35	ming	ming	PROPN
easat-5381	4	36	chiang4	chiang4	PROPN
easat-5381	4	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	38	yi	yi	PROPN
easat-5381	4	39	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	40	huang	huang	PROPN
easat-5381	4	41	shih5	shih5	PROPN
easat-5381	4	42	*	*	PROPN
easat-5381	4	43	1center	1center	NUM
easat-5381	4	44	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	4	45	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	4	46	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	4	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	48	chaoyang	chaoyang	PROPN
easat-5381	4	49	university	university	PROPN
easat-5381	4	50	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	4	51	technology	technology	PROPN
easat-5381	4	52	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	53	taichung	taichung	PROPN
easat-5381	4	54	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	4	55	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
easat-5381	4	56	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	5	1	2department	2department	NUM
easat-5381	5	2	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	5	3	child	child	NOUN
easat-5381	5	4	care	care	NOUN
easat-5381	5	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	5	6	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	5	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	5	8	ling	ling	PROPN
easat-5381	5	9	-tung	-tung	PROPN
easat-5381	5	10	university	university	PROPN
easat-5381	5	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	5	12	taichung	taichung	PROPN
easat-5381	5	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	5	14	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
easat-5381	5	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	6	1	3department	3department	NUM
easat-5381	6	2	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	6	3	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	6	4	childhood	childhood	NOUN
easat-5381	6	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	6	6	family	family	NOUN
easat-5381	6	7	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	6	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	6	9	national	national	PROPN
easat-5381	6	10	taipei	taipei	PROPN
easat-5381	6	11	university	university	PROPN
easat-5381	6	12	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	6	13	education	education	PROPN
easat-5381	6	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	6	15	taipei	taipei	PROPN
easat-5381	6	16	city	city	PROPN
easat-5381	6	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	6	18	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
easat-5381	6	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	7	1	4,5center	4,5center	NUM
easat-5381	7	2	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	7	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	7	4	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	7	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	7	6	minghsin	minghsin	PROPN
easat-5381	7	7	university	university	PROPN
easat-5381	7	8	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	7	9	science	science	NOUN
easat-5381	7	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	7	11	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5381	7	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	7	13	hsinchu	hsinchu	PROPN
easat-5381	7	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	7	15	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
easat-5381	7	16	shih78465@gmail.com	shih78465@gmail.com	PUNCT
easat-5381	8	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	8	2	y.h.s	y.h.s	NOUN
easat-5381	8	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	8	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	8	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	9	1	abstract	abstract	ADV
easat-5381	9	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	9	3	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	9	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	9	5	process	process	NOUN
easat-5381	9	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	9	7	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	9	8	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-5381	9	9	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	9	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	9	11	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	9	12	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	9	13	exposed	expose	VERB
easat-5381	9	14	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	9	15	different	different	ADJ
easat-5381	9	16	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	9	17	backgrounds	background	NOUN
easat-5381	9	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	9	19	modes	mode	NOUN
easat-5381	9	20	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	9	21	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	9	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	9	23	which	which	PRON
easat-5381	9	24	not	not	PART
easat-5381	9	25	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	9	26	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-5381	9	27	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	9	28	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	9	29	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5381	9	30	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	9	31	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	9	32	foster	foster	VERB
easat-5381	9	33	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	9	34	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	9	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	9	36	respect	respect	NOUN
easat-5381	9	37	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	9	38	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	9	39	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-5381	9	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	10	1	at	at	ADP
easat-5381	10	2	the	the	DET
easat-5381	10	3	same	same	ADJ
easat-5381	10	4	time	time	NOUN
easat-5381	10	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	10	6	this	this	DET
easat-5381	10	7	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	10	8	process	process	NOUN
easat-5381	10	9	helps	help	VERB
easat-5381	10	10	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	10	11	develop	develop	VERB
easat-5381	10	12	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-5381	10	13	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-5381	10	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	10	15	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-5381	10	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	10	17	solving	solve	VERB
easat-5381	10	18	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	10	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	10	20	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5381	10	21	they	they	PRON
easat-5381	10	22	need	need	VERB
easat-5381	10	23	to	to	PART
easat-5381	10	24	switch	switch	VERB
easat-5381	10	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	10	26	adapt	adapt	VERB
easat-5381	10	27	between	between	ADP
easat-5381	10	28	different	different	ADJ
easat-5381	10	29	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	10	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	10	31	cultures	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	10	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	11	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-5381	11	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	11	3	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	11	4	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	11	5	promotes	promote	VERB
easat-5381	11	6	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	11	7	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-5381	11	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	11	9	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-5381	11	10	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	11	11	to	to	PART
easat-5381	11	12	interact	interact	VERB
easat-5381	11	13	more	more	ADV
easat-5381	11	14	easily	easily	ADV
easat-5381	11	15	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	11	16	people	people	NOUN
easat-5381	11	17	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	11	18	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-5381	11	19	backgrounds	background	NOUN
easat-5381	11	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	11	21	thereby	thereby	ADV
easat-5381	11	22	laying	lay	VERB
easat-5381	11	23	a	a	DET
easat-5381	11	24	solid	solid	ADJ
easat-5381	11	25	foundation	foundation	NOUN
easat-5381	11	26	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	11	27	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	11	28	future	future	ADJ
easat-5381	11	29	life	life	NOUN
easat-5381	11	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	11	31	career	career	NOUN
easat-5381	11	32	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	11	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	12	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	12	2	the	the	DET
easat-5381	12	3	process	process	NOUN
easat-5381	12	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	12	5	students	student	NOUN
easat-5381	12	6	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	12	7	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-5381	12	8	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	12	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	12	10	the	the	DET
easat-5381	12	11	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	12	12	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	12	13	the	the	DET
easat-5381	12	14	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	12	15	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	12	16	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	12	17	extremely	extremely	ADV
easat-5381	12	18	important	important	ADJ
easat-5381	12	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	13	1	many	many	ADJ
easat-5381	13	2	countries	country	NOUN
easat-5381	13	3	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
easat-5381	13	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	13	5	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-5381	13	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	13	7	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	13	8	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	13	9	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	13	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	14	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-5381	14	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	14	3	the	the	DET
easat-5381	14	4	nurturing	nurture	VERB
easat-5381	14	5	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	14	6	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5381	14	7	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5381	14	8	a	a	DET
easat-5381	14	9	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	14	10	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-5381	14	11	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	14	12	kindergartens	kindergarten	NOUN
easat-5381	14	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	14	14	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	14	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	14	16	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
easat-5381	14	17	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	14	18	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5381	14	19	chinese	chinese	PROPN
easat-5381	14	20	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	14	21	preschool	preschool	NOUN
easat-5381	14	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	14	23	which	which	PRON
easat-5381	14	24	integrates	integrate	VERB
easat-5381	14	25	content	content	NOUN
easat-5381	14	26	related	relate	VERB
easat-5381	14	27	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	14	28	the	the	DET
easat-5381	14	29	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	14	30	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	14	31	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	14	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	14	33	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5381	14	34	into	into	ADP
easat-5381	14	35	the	the	DET
easat-5381	14	36	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-5381	14	37	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-5381	14	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	14	39	expands	expand	VERB
easat-5381	14	40	the	the	DET
easat-5381	14	41	scope	scope	NOUN
easat-5381	14	42	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	14	43	the	the	DET
easat-5381	14	44	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	14	45	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	14	46	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	14	47	literacy	literacy	NOUN
easat-5381	14	48	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	14	49	domain	domain	NOUN
easat-5381	14	50	to	to	PART
easat-5381	14	51	include	include	VERB
easat-5381	14	52	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	14	53	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	14	54	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	14	55	local	local	ADJ
easat-5381	14	56	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	14	57	elements	element	NOUN
easat-5381	14	58	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	15	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	15	2	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	15	3	stage	stage	NOUN
easat-5381	15	4	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	15	5	a	a	DET
easat-5381	15	6	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-5381	15	7	period	period	NOUN
easat-5381	15	8	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	15	9	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	15	10	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	15	11	to	to	PART
easat-5381	15	12	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	15	13	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	15	14	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	15	15	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	15	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	16	1	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	16	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	16	3	need	need	VERB
easat-5381	16	4	to	to	PART
easat-5381	16	5	reflect	reflect	VERB
easat-5381	16	6	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	16	7	the	the	DET
easat-5381	16	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	16	9	aims	aim	NOUN
easat-5381	16	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	16	11	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-5381	16	12	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	16	13	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	16	14	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	16	15	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	16	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	17	1	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	17	2	this	this	DET
easat-5381	17	3	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-5381	17	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	17	5	it	it	PRON
easat-5381	17	6	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	17	7	hoped	hope	VERB
easat-5381	17	8	to	to	PART
easat-5381	17	9	gain	gain	VERB
easat-5381	17	10	a	a	DET
easat-5381	17	11	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-5381	17	12	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	17	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	17	14	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	17	15	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	17	16	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	17	17	among	among	ADP
easat-5381	17	18	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	17	19	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	17	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	17	21	foster	foster	VERB
easat-5381	17	22	an	an	DET
easat-5381	17	23	element	element	NOUN
easat-5381	17	24	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	17	25	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	17	26	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	17	27	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	17	28	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	17	29	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	17	30	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	17	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	18	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
easat-5381	18	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	18	3	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	18	4	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-5381	18	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	18	6	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	18	7	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	18	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	18	9	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	18	10	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	18	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	18	12	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	18	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	19	1	1	1	X
easat-5381	19	2	.	.	X
easat-5381	19	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-5381	19	4	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	19	5	plays	play	VERB
easat-5381	19	6	a	a	DET
easat-5381	19	7	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
easat-5381	19	8	role	role	NOUN
easat-5381	19	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	19	10	the	the	DET
easat-5381	19	11	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	19	12	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	19	13	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	19	14	people	people	NOUN
easat-5381	19	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	20	1	one	one	NUM
easat-5381	20	2	key	key	ADJ
easat-5381	20	3	question	question	NOUN
easat-5381	20	4	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	20	5	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5381	20	6	it	it	PRON
easat-5381	20	7	intersects	intersect	VERB
easat-5381	20	8	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	20	9	increasing	increase	VERB
easat-5381	20	10	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
easat-5381	20	11	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-5381	20	12	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	20	13	schools	school	NOUN
easat-5381	20	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	21	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	21	2	the	the	DET
easat-5381	21	3	process	process	NOUN
easat-5381	21	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	21	5	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	21	6	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-5381	21	7	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	21	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	21	9	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	21	10	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	21	11	exposed	expose	VERB
easat-5381	21	12	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	21	13	different	different	ADJ
easat-5381	21	14	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	21	15	backgrounds	background	NOUN
easat-5381	21	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	21	17	modes	mode	NOUN
easat-5381	21	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	21	19	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	21	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	21	21	which	which	PRON
easat-5381	21	22	not	not	PART
easat-5381	21	23	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	21	24	enhances	enhance	VERB
easat-5381	21	25	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	21	26	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	21	27	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5381	21	28	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	21	29	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	21	30	fosters	foster	VERB
easat-5381	21	31	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	21	32	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	21	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	21	34	respect	respect	NOUN
easat-5381	21	35	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	21	36	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-5381	21	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	22	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-5381	22	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	22	3	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	22	4	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	22	5	promotes	promote	VERB
easat-5381	22	6	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	22	7	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-5381	22	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	22	9	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-5381	22	10	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	22	11	to	to	PART
easat-5381	22	12	interact	interact	VERB
easat-5381	22	13	more	more	ADV
easat-5381	22	14	easily	easily	ADV
easat-5381	22	15	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	22	16	people	people	NOUN
easat-5381	22	17	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	22	18	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-5381	22	19	backgrounds	background	NOUN
easat-5381	22	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	23	1	many	many	ADJ
easat-5381	23	2	countries	country	NOUN
easat-5381	23	3	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
easat-5381	23	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	23	5	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-5381	23	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	23	7	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	23	8	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	23	9	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-5381	23	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	24	1	however	however	ADV
easat-5381	24	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	24	3	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	24	4	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	24	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	24	6	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	24	7	not	not	PART
easat-5381	24	8	the	the	DET
easat-5381	24	9	same	same	ADJ
easat-5381	24	10	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	24	11	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	24	12	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	24	13	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	24	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	24	15	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	25	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	25	2	former	former	ADJ
easat-5381	25	3	refers	refer	VERB
easat-5381	25	4	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	25	5	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	25	6	courses	course	NOUN
easat-5381	25	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	25	8	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5381	25	9	the	the	DET
easat-5381	25	10	latter	latter	NOUN
easat-5381	25	11	uses	use	VERB
easat-5381	25	12	two	two	NUM
easat-5381	25	13	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	25	14	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	25	15	medium	medium	NOUN
easat-5381	25	16	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	25	17	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-5381	25	18	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	25	19	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5381	25	20	content	content	NOUN
easat-5381	25	21	other	other	ADJ
easat-5381	25	22	than	than	ADP
easat-5381	25	23	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	25	24	courses	course	NOUN
easat-5381	25	25	[	[	X
easat-5381	25	26	1	1	NUM
easat-5381	25	27	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	25	28	7	7	NUM
easat-5381	25	29	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	25	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	26	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	26	2	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	26	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	26	4	one	one	NUM
easat-5381	26	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	26	6	its	its	PRON
easat-5381	26	7	key	key	ADJ
easat-5381	26	8	features	feature	NOUN
easat-5381	26	9	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	26	10	its	its	PRON
easat-5381	26	11	multiculturalism	multiculturalism	NOUN
easat-5381	26	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	27	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	27	2	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-5381	27	3	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	27	4	reality	reality	NOUN
easat-5381	27	5	has	have	AUX
easat-5381	27	6	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	27	7	driven	drive	VERB
easat-5381	27	8	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	27	9	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	27	10	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	27	11	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	27	12	to	to	PART
easat-5381	27	13	adopt	adopt	VERB
easat-5381	27	14	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	27	15	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	27	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	28	1	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	28	2	an	an	DET
easat-5381	28	3	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-5381	28	4	part	part	NOUN
easat-5381	28	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	28	6	the	the	DET
easat-5381	28	7	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	28	8	system	system	NOUN
easat-5381	28	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	28	10	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	28	11	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	28	12	places	place	VERB
easat-5381	28	13	great	great	ADJ
easat-5381	28	14	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
easat-5381	28	15	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	28	16	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	28	17	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	28	18	during	during	ADP
easat-5381	28	19	the	the	DET
easat-5381	28	20	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	28	21	years	year	NOUN
easat-5381	28	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	29	1	singaporeans	singaporeans	PROPN
easat-5381	29	2	generally	generally	ADV
easat-5381	29	3	hold	hold	VERB
easat-5381	29	4	a	a	DET
easat-5381	29	5	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5381	29	6	attitude	attitude	NOUN
easat-5381	29	7	toward	toward	ADP
easat-5381	29	8	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-5381	29	9	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	29	10	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	29	11	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	29	12	915	915	NUM
easat-5381	29	13	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5381	29	14	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5381	29	15	science	science	NOUN
easat-5381	29	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	29	17	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5381	29	18	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5381	29	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	29	20	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5381	29	21	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	29	22	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5381	29	23	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	29	24	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	30	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	30	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	30	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	30	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	31	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5381	31	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	31	3	914	914	NUM
easat-5381	31	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	31	5	921	921	NUM
easat-5381	31	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	31	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	31	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5381	31	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	31	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	NUM
easat-5381	31	11	©	©	ADP
easat-5381	31	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	31	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	31	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	31	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5381	31	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	31	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5381	31	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	31	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5381	31	20	preschools	preschool	NOUN
easat-5381	31	21	[	[	X
easat-5381	31	22	8	8	NUM
easat-5381	31	23	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	31	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	32	1	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	32	2	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	32	3	one	one	NUM
easat-5381	32	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	32	5	the	the	DET
easat-5381	32	6	important	important	ADJ
easat-5381	32	7	elements	element	NOUN
easat-5381	32	8	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	32	9	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	32	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	33	1	it	it	PRON
easat-5381	33	2	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	33	3	not	not	PART
easat-5381	33	4	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	33	5	a	a	DET
easat-5381	33	6	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5381	33	7	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	33	8	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	33	9	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	33	10	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	33	11	a	a	DET
easat-5381	33	12	carrier	carrier	NOUN
easat-5381	33	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	33	14	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	33	15	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-5381	33	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	33	17	expression	expression	NOUN
easat-5381	33	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	33	19	deeply	deeply	ADV
easat-5381	33	20	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-5381	33	21	the	the	DET
easat-5381	33	22	values	value	NOUN
easat-5381	33	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	33	24	ways	way	NOUN
easat-5381	33	25	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	33	26	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-5381	33	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	33	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	33	29	lifestyles	lifestyle	NOUN
easat-5381	33	30	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	33	31	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-5381	33	32	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5381	33	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	34	1	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	34	2	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	34	3	at	at	ADP
easat-5381	34	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	34	5	core	core	NOUN
easat-5381	34	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	34	7	group	group	NOUN
easat-5381	34	8	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	34	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	35	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	35	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-5381	35	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	35	4	a	a	DET
easat-5381	35	5	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	35	6	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	35	7	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	35	8	a	a	DET
easat-5381	35	9	primary	primary	ADJ
easat-5381	35	10	symbol	symbol	NOUN
easat-5381	35	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	35	12	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	35	13	belonging	belong	VERB
easat-5381	35	14	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	35	15	many	many	ADJ
easat-5381	35	16	people	people	NOUN
easat-5381	35	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	35	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	35	19	the	the	DET
easat-5381	35	20	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-5381	35	21	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	35	22	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	35	23	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	35	24	often	often	ADV
easat-5381	35	25	accompanied	accompany	VERB
easat-5381	35	26	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	35	27	a	a	DET
easat-5381	35	28	weakening	weakening	NOUN
easat-5381	35	29	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	35	30	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	35	31	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	35	32	[	[	X
easat-5381	35	33	4	4	NUM
easat-5381	35	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	35	35	8	8	NUM
easat-5381	35	36	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	35	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	36	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	36	2	1966	1966	NUM
easat-5381	36	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	36	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	36	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	36	6	government	government	NOUN
easat-5381	36	7	implemented	implement	VERB
easat-5381	36	8	the	the	DET
easat-5381	36	9	english	english	PROPN
easat-5381	36	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	36	11	knowing	know	VERB
easat-5381	36	12	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	36	13	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	36	14	which	which	PRON
easat-5381	36	15	made	make	VERB
easat-5381	36	16	it	it	PRON
easat-5381	36	17	mandatory	mandatory	ADJ
easat-5381	36	18	for	for	SCONJ
easat-5381	36	19	all	all	DET
easat-5381	36	20	chinese	chinese	ADJ
easat-5381	36	21	students	student	NOUN
easat-5381	36	22	to	to	PART
easat-5381	36	23	study	study	VERB
easat-5381	36	24	english	english	PROPN
easat-5381	36	25	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	36	26	a	a	DET
easat-5381	36	27	‘	'	PUNCT
easat-5381	36	28	first	first	ADJ
easat-5381	36	29	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	36	30	’	'	PUNCT
easat-5381	37	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	37	2	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	37	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	37	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	38	1	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
easat-5381	38	2	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	38	3	the	the	DET
easat-5381	38	4	cornerstone	cornerstone	NOUN
easat-5381	38	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	38	6	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	38	7	's	's	PART
easat-5381	38	8	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	38	9	system	system	NOUN
easat-5381	38	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	39	1	under	under	ADP
easat-5381	39	2	the	the	DET
easat-5381	39	3	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	39	4	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	39	5	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	39	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	39	7	all	all	DET
easat-5381	39	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-5381	39	9	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	39	10	required	require	VERB
easat-5381	39	11	to	to	PART
easat-5381	39	12	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	39	13	both	both	CCONJ
easat-5381	39	14	english	english	PROPN
easat-5381	39	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	39	16	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	39	17	respective	respective	ADJ
easat-5381	39	18	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	39	19	tongues	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	39	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	40	1	english	english	PROPN
easat-5381	40	2	serves	serve	VERB
easat-5381	40	3	not	not	PART
easat-5381	40	4	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	40	5	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	40	6	a	a	DET
easat-5381	40	7	subject	subject	NOUN
easat-5381	40	8	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	40	9	all	all	DET
easat-5381	40	10	students	student	NOUN
easat-5381	40	11	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	40	12	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	40	13	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	40	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	40	15	medium	medium	NOUN
easat-5381	40	16	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	40	17	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-5381	40	18	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	40	19	other	other	ADJ
easat-5381	40	20	core	core	NOUN
easat-5381	40	21	examination	examination	NOUN
easat-5381	40	22	subjects	subject	NOUN
easat-5381	40	23	such	such	ADJ
easat-5381	40	24	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	40	25	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
easat-5381	40	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	40	27	science	science	NOUN
easat-5381	40	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	40	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	40	30	humanities	humanity	NOUN
easat-5381	40	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	41	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	41	2	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	41	3	government	government	NOUN
easat-5381	41	4	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
easat-5381	41	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5381	41	6	all	all	DET
easat-5381	41	7	students	student	NOUN
easat-5381	41	8	must	must	AUX
easat-5381	41	9	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	41	10	at	at	ADV
easat-5381	41	11	least	least	ADV
easat-5381	41	12	one	one	NUM
easat-5381	41	13	native	native	ADJ
easat-5381	41	14	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	41	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	41	16	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
easat-5381	41	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	41	18	malay	malay	NOUN
easat-5381	41	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	41	20	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5381	41	21	tamil	tamil	NOUN
easat-5381	41	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	41	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	41	24	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5381	41	25	the	the	DET
easat-5381	41	26	official	official	ADJ
easat-5381	41	27	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	41	28	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	41	29	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	41	30	not	not	PART
easat-5381	41	31	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	41	32	the	the	DET
easat-5381	41	33	moral	moral	ADJ
easat-5381	41	34	foundation	foundation	NOUN
easat-5381	41	35	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	41	36	honoring	honor	VERB
easat-5381	41	37	traditions	tradition	NOUN
easat-5381	41	38	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	41	39	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	41	40	a	a	DET
easat-5381	41	41	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5381	41	42	for	for	SCONJ
easat-5381	41	43	students	student	NOUN
easat-5381	41	44	to	to	PART
easat-5381	41	45	understand	understand	VERB
easat-5381	41	46	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	41	47	respective	respective	ADJ
easat-5381	41	48	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
easat-5381	41	49	traditions	tradition	NOUN
easat-5381	41	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	41	51	cultures	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	41	52	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	41	53	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	41	54	values	value	NOUN
easat-5381	41	55	[	[	X
easat-5381	41	56	10	10	NUM
easat-5381	41	57	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	41	58	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	42	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-5381	42	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	42	3	the	the	DET
easat-5381	42	4	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	42	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	42	6	a	a	DET
easat-5381	42	7	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	42	8	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	42	9	holds	hold	VERB
easat-5381	42	10	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5381	42	11	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-5381	42	12	during	during	ADP
easat-5381	42	13	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	42	14	childhood	childhood	NOUN
easat-5381	42	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	43	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-5381	43	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	43	3	the	the	DET
easat-5381	43	4	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	43	5	stage	stage	NOUN
easat-5381	43	6	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	43	7	a	a	DET
easat-5381	43	8	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-5381	43	9	period	period	NOUN
easat-5381	43	10	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	43	11	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	43	12	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	43	13	to	to	PART
easat-5381	43	14	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	43	15	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	43	16	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	43	17	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	43	18	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	43	19	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
easat-5381	43	20	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	43	21	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	43	22	preschool	preschool	PROPN
easat-5381	43	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	43	24	need	need	VERB
easat-5381	43	25	to	to	PART
easat-5381	43	26	reflect	reflect	VERB
easat-5381	43	27	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	43	28	the	the	DET
easat-5381	43	29	purpose	purpose	NOUN
easat-5381	43	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	43	31	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-5381	43	32	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	43	33	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	43	34	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	43	35	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	43	36	[	[	X
easat-5381	43	37	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	43	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	43	39	12	12	NUM
easat-5381	43	40	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	43	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	44	1	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	44	2	this	this	DET
easat-5381	44	3	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-5381	44	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	44	5	it	it	PRON
easat-5381	44	6	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	44	7	hoped	hope	VERB
easat-5381	44	8	to	to	PART
easat-5381	44	9	gain	gain	VERB
easat-5381	44	10	a	a	DET
easat-5381	44	11	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-5381	44	12	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	44	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	44	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	44	15	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	44	16	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	44	17	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	44	18	tongues	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	44	19	among	among	ADP
easat-5381	44	20	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	44	21	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	44	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	44	23	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	44	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	44	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	44	26	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-5381	44	27	an	an	DET
easat-5381	44	28	element	element	NOUN
easat-5381	44	29	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	44	30	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	44	31	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	44	32	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	44	33	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	44	34	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	44	35	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	44	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	45	1	2	2	X
easat-5381	45	2	.	.	X
easat-5381	45	3	the	the	DET
easat-5381	45	4	background	background	NOUN
easat-5381	45	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	45	6	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	45	7	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	45	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	45	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	45	10	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	45	11	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	45	12	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	45	13	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	45	14	document	document	NOUN
easat-5381	45	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5381	45	16	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	45	17	a	a	DET
easat-5381	45	18	form	form	NOUN
easat-5381	45	19	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	45	20	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5381	45	21	research	research	NOUN
easat-5381	45	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	45	23	which	which	PRON
easat-5381	45	24	documents	document	NOUN
easat-5381	45	25	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	45	26	interpreted	interpret	VERB
easat-5381	45	27	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	45	28	the	the	DET
easat-5381	45	29	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5381	45	30	to	to	PART
easat-5381	45	31	give	give	VERB
easat-5381	45	32	meaning	meaning	NOUN
easat-5381	45	33	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	45	34	a	a	DET
easat-5381	45	35	topic	topic	NOUN
easat-5381	45	36	[	[	X
easat-5381	45	37	13	13	NUM
easat-5381	45	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	45	39	14	14	NUM
easat-5381	45	40	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	45	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	46	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	46	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
easat-5381	46	3	used	use	VERB
easat-5381	46	4	documentary	documentary	NOUN
easat-5381	46	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5381	46	6	documentary	documentary	NOUN
easat-5381	46	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5381	46	8	methods	method	NOUN
easat-5381	46	9	to	to	PART
easat-5381	46	10	analyze	analyze	VERB
easat-5381	46	11	the	the	DET
easat-5381	46	12	background	background	NOUN
easat-5381	46	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	46	14	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	46	15	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	46	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	46	17	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	46	18	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	46	19	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	46	20	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	46	21	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	46	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	46	23	colonial	colonial	ADJ
easat-5381	46	24	singapore	singapore	NOUN
easat-5381	46	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	46	26	all	all	DET
easat-5381	46	27	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
easat-5381	46	28	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5381	46	29	were	be	AUX
easat-5381	46	30	allowed	allow	VERB
easat-5381	46	31	to	to	PART
easat-5381	46	32	use	use	VERB
easat-5381	46	33	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	46	34	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	46	35	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	46	36	to	to	PART
easat-5381	46	37	teach	teach	VERB
easat-5381	46	38	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	46	39	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	46	40	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	46	41	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	46	42	self	self	NOUN
easat-5381	46	43	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	46	44	run	run	VERB
easat-5381	46	45	schools	school	NOUN
easat-5381	47	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	47	2	14	14	NUM
easat-5381	47	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	47	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	48	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	48	2	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	48	3	a	a	DET
easat-5381	48	4	multiethnic	multiethnic	ADJ
easat-5381	48	5	country	country	NOUN
easat-5381	48	6	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	48	7	three	three	NUM
easat-5381	48	8	dominant	dominant	ADJ
easat-5381	48	9	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
easat-5381	48	10	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5381	48	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	48	12	including	include	VERB
easat-5381	48	13	chinese	chinese	PROPN
easat-5381	48	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	48	15	malay	malay	NOUN
easat-5381	48	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	48	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	48	18	indian	indian	ADJ
easat-5381	48	19	heritage	heritage	NOUN
easat-5381	48	20	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5381	48	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	49	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	49	2	government	government	NOUN
easat-5381	49	3	then	then	ADV
easat-5381	49	4	took	take	VERB
easat-5381	49	5	a	a	DET
easat-5381	49	6	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
easat-5381	49	7	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5381	49	8	to	to	PART
easat-5381	49	9	manage	manage	VERB
easat-5381	49	10	the	the	DET
easat-5381	49	11	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
easat-5381	49	12	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-5381	49	13	both	both	CCONJ
easat-5381	49	14	within	within	ADP
easat-5381	49	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	49	16	between	between	ADP
easat-5381	49	17	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
easat-5381	49	18	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5381	49	19	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	49	20	assigning	assign	VERB
easat-5381	49	21	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
easat-5381	49	22	chinese	chinese	PROPN
easat-5381	49	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	49	24	malay	malay	NOUN
easat-5381	49	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	49	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	49	27	tamil	tamil	PROPN
easat-5381	49	28	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	49	29	the	the	DET
easat-5381	49	30	official	official	ADJ
easat-5381	49	31	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	49	32	tongues	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	49	33	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	49	34	the	the	DET
easat-5381	49	35	chinese	chinese	PROPN
easat-5381	49	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	49	37	malay	malay	NOUN
easat-5381	49	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	49	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	49	40	indian	indian	ADJ
easat-5381	49	41	communities	community	NOUN
easat-5381	49	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	49	43	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-5381	49	44	[	[	X
easat-5381	49	45	15	15	NUM
easat-5381	49	46	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	49	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	50	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	50	2	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	50	3	landscape	landscape	NOUN
easat-5381	50	4	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	50	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	50	6	has	have	AUX
easat-5381	50	7	been	be	AUX
easat-5381	50	8	undergoing	undergo	VERB
easat-5381	50	9	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5381	50	10	changes	change	NOUN
easat-5381	50	11	recently	recently	ADV
easat-5381	50	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	51	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	51	2	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	51	3	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	51	4	preschool	preschool	PROPN
easat-5381	51	5	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	51	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	51	7	the	the	DET
easat-5381	51	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	51	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	51	10	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	51	11	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	51	12	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	51	13	part	part	NOUN
easat-5381	51	14	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	51	15	the	the	DET
easat-5381	51	16	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	51	17	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	51	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	51	19	literacy	literacy	NOUN
easat-5381	51	20	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	51	21	domain	domain	NOUN
easat-5381	51	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	51	23	one	one	NUM
easat-5381	51	24	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	51	25	the	the	DET
easat-5381	51	26	five	five	NUM
easat-5381	51	27	key	key	ADJ
easat-5381	51	28	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	51	29	areas	area	NOUN
easat-5381	51	30	[	[	X
easat-5381	51	31	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	51	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	51	33	16	16	NUM
easat-5381	51	34	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	51	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	52	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	52	2	nurturing	nurture	VERB
easat-5381	52	3	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	52	4	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5381	52	5	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5381	52	6	a	a	DET
easat-5381	52	7	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	52	8	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-5381	52	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	52	10	kindergartens	kindergarten	NOUN
easat-5381	52	11	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	52	12	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	52	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	52	14	which	which	PRON
easat-5381	52	15	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
easat-5381	52	16	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	52	17	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	52	18	about	about	ADP
easat-5381	52	19	making	make	VERB
easat-5381	52	20	meaning	meaning	NOUN
easat-5381	52	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	52	22	communicating	communicate	VERB
easat-5381	52	23	within	within	ADP
easat-5381	52	24	a	a	DET
easat-5381	52	25	system	system	NOUN
easat-5381	52	26	that	that	PRON
easat-5381	52	27	has	have	VERB
easat-5381	52	28	its	its	PRON
easat-5381	52	29	own	own	ADJ
easat-5381	52	30	rules	rule	NOUN
easat-5381	52	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	52	32	conventions	convention	NOUN
easat-5381	52	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	53	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	53	2	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	53	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	53	4	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	53	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	53	6	literacy	literacy	NOUN
easat-5381	53	7	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	53	8	includes	include	VERB
easat-5381	53	9	both	both	DET
easat-5381	53	10	english	english	ADJ
easat-5381	53	11	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	53	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	53	13	el	el	NOUN
easat-5381	53	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	53	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	53	16	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	53	17	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	53	18	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	53	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	53	20	mtl	mtl	PROPN
easat-5381	53	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	53	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	54	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	54	2	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	54	3	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	54	4	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	54	5	a	a	DET
easat-5381	54	6	cornerstone	cornerstone	NOUN
easat-5381	54	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	54	8	our	our	PRON
easat-5381	54	9	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	54	10	system	system	NOUN
easat-5381	54	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	55	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5381	55	2	el	el	PROPN
easat-5381	55	3	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	55	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	55	5	common	common	ADJ
easat-5381	55	6	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	55	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	55	8	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	55	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	55	10	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-5381	55	11	-	-	ADJ
easat-5381	55	12	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	55	13	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	55	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	55	15	the	the	DET
easat-5381	55	16	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	55	17	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	55	18	promotes	promote	VERB
easat-5381	55	19	the	the	DET
easat-5381	55	20	study	study	NOUN
easat-5381	55	21	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	55	22	mtl	mtl	PROPN
easat-5381	55	23	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5381	55	24	it	it	PRON
easat-5381	55	25	plays	play	VERB
easat-5381	55	26	an	an	DET
easat-5381	55	27	important	important	ADJ
easat-5381	55	28	part	part	NOUN
easat-5381	55	29	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	55	30	affirming	affirm	VERB
easat-5381	55	31	a	a	DET
easat-5381	55	32	sense	sense	NOUN
easat-5381	55	33	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	55	34	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	55	35	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	55	36	among	among	ADP
easat-5381	55	37	singaporeans	singaporeans	PROPN
easat-5381	55	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	55	39	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-5381	55	40	the	the	DET
easat-5381	55	41	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-5381	55	42	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	55	43	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	55	44	heritage	heritage	NOUN
easat-5381	55	45	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	55	46	values	value	NOUN
easat-5381	55	47	between	between	ADP
easat-5381	55	48	generations	generation	NOUN
easat-5381	55	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	56	1	research	research	NOUN
easat-5381	56	2	has	have	AUX
easat-5381	56	3	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	56	4	shown	show	VERB
easat-5381	56	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5381	56	6	there	there	PRON
easat-5381	56	7	are	be	VERB
easat-5381	56	8	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
easat-5381	56	9	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-5381	56	10	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	56	11	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	56	12	two	two	NUM
easat-5381	56	13	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	56	14	such	such	ADJ
easat-5381	56	15	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	56	16	having	have	VERB
easat-5381	56	17	greater	great	ADJ
easat-5381	56	18	focus	focus	NOUN
easat-5381	56	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	56	20	stronger	strong	ADJ
easat-5381	56	21	concentration	concentration	NOUN
easat-5381	56	22	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	56	23	[	[	X
easat-5381	56	24	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	56	25	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	56	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	57	1	3	3	X
easat-5381	57	2	.	.	X
easat-5381	57	3	the	the	DET
easat-5381	57	4	aims	aim	NOUN
easat-5381	57	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	57	6	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	57	7	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	57	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	57	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	57	10	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	57	11	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	57	12	preschool	preschool	PROPN
easat-5381	57	13	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	57	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	57	15	nurturing	nurture	VERB
easat-5381	57	16	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	57	17	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5381	57	18	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5381	57	19	a	a	DET
easat-5381	57	20	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	57	21	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-5381	57	22	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	57	23	kindergartens	kindergarten	NOUN
easat-5381	57	24	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	57	25	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	57	26	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	57	27	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
easat-5381	57	28	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	57	29	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5381	57	30	chinese	chinese	PROPN
easat-5381	57	31	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	57	32	preschool	preschool	NOUN
easat-5381	57	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	57	34	which	which	PRON
easat-5381	57	35	integrates	integrate	VERB
easat-5381	57	36	content	content	NOUN
easat-5381	57	37	related	relate	VERB
easat-5381	57	38	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	57	39	the	the	DET
easat-5381	57	40	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	57	41	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	57	42	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	57	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	57	44	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5381	57	45	into	into	ADP
easat-5381	57	46	the	the	DET
easat-5381	57	47	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-5381	57	48	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-5381	57	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	58	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5381	58	2	expands	expand	VERB
easat-5381	58	3	the	the	DET
easat-5381	58	4	scope	scope	NOUN
easat-5381	58	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	58	6	the	the	DET
easat-5381	58	7	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	58	8	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	58	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	58	10	literacy”domain	literacy”domain	NOUN
easat-5381	58	11	to	to	PART
easat-5381	58	12	include	include	VERB
easat-5381	58	13	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	58	14	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	58	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	58	16	local	local	ADJ
easat-5381	58	17	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	58	18	elements	element	NOUN
easat-5381	58	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	59	1	such	such	DET
easat-5381	59	2	an	an	DET
easat-5381	59	3	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5381	59	4	aligns	align	VERB
easat-5381	59	5	the	the	DET
easat-5381	59	6	description	description	NOUN
easat-5381	59	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	59	8	916	916	NUM
easat-5381	59	9	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5381	59	10	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5381	59	11	science	science	NOUN
easat-5381	59	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	59	13	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5381	59	14	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5381	59	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	59	16	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5381	59	17	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	59	18	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5381	59	19	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	59	20	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	60	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	60	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	60	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	60	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	61	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5381	61	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	61	3	914	914	NUM
easat-5381	61	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	61	5	921	921	NUM
easat-5381	61	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	61	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	61	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5381	61	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	61	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	NUM
easat-5381	61	11	©	©	ADP
easat-5381	61	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	61	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	61	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	61	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5381	61	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	61	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5381	61	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	61	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5381	61	20	guidance	guidance	NOUN
easat-5381	61	21	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	61	22	this	this	DET
easat-5381	61	23	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	61	24	area	area	NOUN
easat-5381	61	25	more	more	ADV
easat-5381	61	26	closely	closely	ADV
easat-5381	61	27	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	61	28	the	the	DET
easat-5381	61	29	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
easat-5381	61	30	landscape	landscape	NOUN
easat-5381	61	31	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	61	32	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	61	33	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	61	34	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	61	35	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	61	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	61	37	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5381	61	38	they	they	PRON
easat-5381	61	39	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	61	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	61	41	acquire	acquire	VERB
easat-5381	61	42	both	both	DET
easat-5381	61	43	english	english	PROPN
easat-5381	61	44	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	61	45	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	61	46	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	61	47	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	62	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	62	2	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	62	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	62	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	63	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	63	2	aims	aim	NOUN
easat-5381	63	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	63	4	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	63	5	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	63	6	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	63	7	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	63	8	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	63	9	shown	show	VERB
easat-5381	63	10	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	63	11	table	table	NOUN
easat-5381	63	12	1	1	NUM
easat-5381	63	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	63	14	table	table	NOUN
easat-5381	63	15	1	1	NUM
easat-5381	63	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	64	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	64	2	aims	aim	NOUN
easat-5381	64	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	64	4	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	64	5	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	64	6	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	64	7	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	64	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	65	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	65	2	aims	aim	NOUN
easat-5381	65	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	65	4	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	65	5	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	65	6	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	65	7	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	65	8	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	65	9	developing	develop	VERB
easat-5381	65	10	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	65	11	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	65	12	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	65	13	basic	basic	ADJ
easat-5381	65	14	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	65	15	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	65	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	65	17	•	•	ADP
easat-5381	65	18	listening	listen	VERB
easat-5381	65	19	•	•	NOUN
easat-5381	65	20	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5381	65	21	expression	expression	NOUN
easat-5381	65	22	•	•	ADP
easat-5381	65	23	literacy	literacy	NOUN
easat-5381	65	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	65	25	emergent	emergent	ADJ
easat-5381	65	26	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-5381	65	27	•	•	NOUN
easat-5381	65	28	expressing	express	VERB
easat-5381	65	29	ideas	idea	NOUN
easat-5381	65	30	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	65	31	symbols	symbol	NOUN
easat-5381	65	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	65	33	signs	sign	NOUN
easat-5381	65	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	65	35	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5381	65	36	writing	write	VERB
easat-5381	65	37	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	65	38	cultivating	cultivate	VERB
easat-5381	65	39	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	65	40	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	65	41	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	65	42	initial	initial	ADJ
easat-5381	65	43	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	65	44	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	65	45	appreciation	appreciation	NOUN
easat-5381	65	46	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	65	47	local	local	ADJ
easat-5381	65	48	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	65	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	66	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	66	2	content	content	NOUN
easat-5381	66	3	includes	include	VERB
easat-5381	66	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	66	5	•	•	NUM
easat-5381	66	6	festivals	festival	NOUN
easat-5381	66	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	66	8	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-5381	66	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	66	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	66	11	traditions	tradition	NOUN
easat-5381	66	12	•	•	PRON
easat-5381	66	13	folktales	folktale	NOUN
easat-5381	66	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	66	15	stories	story	NOUN
easat-5381	66	16	connection	connection	NOUN
easat-5381	66	17	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
easat-5381	66	18	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	66	19	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	66	20	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	66	21	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	66	22	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	66	23	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	66	24	family	family	NOUN
easat-5381	66	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	66	26	friends	friend	NOUN
easat-5381	66	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	66	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	66	29	community	community	NOUN
easat-5381	66	30	members	member	NOUN
easat-5381	66	31	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	66	32	the	the	DET
easat-5381	66	33	following	following	ADJ
easat-5381	66	34	ways	way	NOUN
easat-5381	66	35	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	66	36	•	•	ADP
easat-5381	66	37	using	use	VERB
easat-5381	66	38	the	the	DET
easat-5381	66	39	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	66	40	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	66	41	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	66	42	daily	daily	ADJ
easat-5381	66	43	life	life	NOUN
easat-5381	66	44	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	66	45	sharing	share	VERB
easat-5381	66	46	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-5381	66	47	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	66	48	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	66	49	the	the	DET
easat-5381	66	50	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	66	51	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	66	52	•	•	ADP
easat-5381	66	53	actively	actively	ADV
easat-5381	66	54	participating	participate	VERB
easat-5381	66	55	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	66	56	festivals	festival	NOUN
easat-5381	66	57	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	66	58	folk	folk	NOUN
easat-5381	66	59	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5381	66	60	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	66	61	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	66	62	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5381	66	63	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	66	64	events	event	NOUN
easat-5381	66	65	source	source	NOUN
easat-5381	66	66	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	66	67	ministry	ministry	PROPN
easat-5381	66	68	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	66	69	education	education	PROPN
easat-5381	66	70	republic	republic	PROPN
easat-5381	66	71	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	66	72	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	67	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	67	2	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	67	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	67	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	1	according	accord	VERB
easat-5381	68	2	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	68	3	table	table	NOUN
easat-5381	68	4	1	1	NUM
easat-5381	68	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	6	the	the	DET
easat-5381	68	7	aims	aim	NOUN
easat-5381	68	8	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	68	9	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	68	10	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	68	11	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	68	12	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	68	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	68	14	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	68	15	focus	focus	VERB
easat-5381	68	16	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	68	17	three	three	NUM
easat-5381	68	18	key	key	ADJ
easat-5381	68	19	aspects:(1	aspects:(1	PROPN
easat-5381	68	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	21	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	68	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	23	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
easat-5381	68	24	the	the	DET
easat-5381	68	25	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	68	26	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	68	27	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	68	28	's	's	PART
easat-5381	68	29	basic	basic	ADJ
easat-5381	68	30	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	68	31	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	68	32	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	68	33	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	68	34	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	68	35	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	68	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	37	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-5381	68	38	them	they	PRON
easat-5381	68	39	to	to	PART
easat-5381	68	40	listen	listen	VERB
easat-5381	68	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	42	speak	speak	VERB
easat-5381	68	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	44	read	read	VERB
easat-5381	68	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	46	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	68	47	write	write	VERB
easat-5381	68	48	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	68	49	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5381	68	50	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	68	51	daily	daily	ADJ
easat-5381	68	52	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	68	53	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	54	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	55	2)culture	2)culture	NUM
easat-5381	68	56	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	57	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	68	58	can	can	AUX
easat-5381	68	59	understand	understand	VERB
easat-5381	68	60	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	68	61	appreciate	appreciate	VERB
easat-5381	68	62	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	68	63	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	68	64	heritage	heritage	NOUN
easat-5381	68	65	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	68	66	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	68	67	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	68	68	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	69	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-5381	68	70	a	a	DET
easat-5381	68	71	sense	sense	NOUN
easat-5381	68	72	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	68	73	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	68	74	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	68	75	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	68	76	an	an	DET
easat-5381	68	77	appreciation	appreciation	NOUN
easat-5381	68	78	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	68	79	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-5381	68	80	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	68	81	values	value	NOUN
easat-5381	68	82	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	68	83	traditions	tradition	NOUN
easat-5381	68	84	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	85	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	86	3	3	X
easat-5381	68	87	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	88	connection	connection	NOUN
easat-5381	68	89	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	90	strengthens	strengthen	VERB
easat-5381	68	91	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	68	92	's	's	PART
easat-5381	68	93	emotional	emotional	ADJ
easat-5381	68	94	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	68	95	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	68	96	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-5381	68	97	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	68	98	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	68	99	families	family	NOUN
easat-5381	68	100	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	101	communities	community	NOUN
easat-5381	68	102	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	103	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	68	104	society	society	NOUN
easat-5381	68	105	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	68	106	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	68	107	making	make	VERB
easat-5381	68	108	the	the	DET
easat-5381	68	109	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	68	110	tongue	tongue	VERB
easat-5381	68	111	a	a	DET
easat-5381	68	112	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-5381	68	113	bridge	bridge	NOUN
easat-5381	68	114	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	68	115	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-5381	68	116	familial	familial	ADJ
easat-5381	68	117	bonds	bond	NOUN
easat-5381	68	118	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	68	119	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
easat-5381	68	120	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	68	121	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-5381	68	122	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	69	1	these	these	DET
easat-5381	69	2	aspects	aspect	NOUN
easat-5381	69	3	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	69	4	interconnected	interconnect	VERB
easat-5381	69	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	69	6	highlighting	highlight	VERB
easat-5381	69	7	not	not	PART
easat-5381	69	8	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	69	9	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	69	10	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5381	69	11	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	69	12	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	69	13	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	69	14	heritage	heritage	NOUN
easat-5381	69	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	69	16	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	69	17	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-5381	69	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	70	1	these	these	PRON
easat-5381	70	2	aims	aim	VERB
easat-5381	70	3	to	to	PART
easat-5381	70	4	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-5381	70	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5381	70	6	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	70	7	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	70	8	thrive	thrive	VERB
easat-5381	70	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	70	10	a	a	DET
easat-5381	70	11	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	70	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	70	13	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	70	14	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-5381	70	15	[	[	X
easat-5381	70	16	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	70	17	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	70	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	71	1	4	4	X
easat-5381	71	2	.	.	X
easat-5381	71	3	the	the	DET
easat-5381	71	4	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-5381	71	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	71	6	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	71	7	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	71	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	71	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	71	10	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	71	11	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	71	12	preschool	preschool	PROPN
easat-5381	71	13	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	71	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	71	15	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	71	16	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-5381	71	17	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	71	18	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	71	19	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	71	20	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	71	21	clearly	clearly	ADV
easat-5381	71	22	define	define	VERB
easat-5381	71	23	the	the	DET
easat-5381	71	24	expected	expect	VERB
easat-5381	71	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-5381	71	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	71	27	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	71	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	71	29	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
easat-5381	71	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	71	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	71	32	values	value	NOUN
easat-5381	71	33	that	that	PRON
easat-5381	71	34	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	71	35	child	child	NOUN
easat-5381	71	36	should	should	AUX
easat-5381	71	37	achieve	achieve	VERB
easat-5381	71	38	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	71	39	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	71	40	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	71	41	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	71	42	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-5381	71	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	72	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	72	2	should	should	AUX
easat-5381	72	3	inspire	inspire	VERB
easat-5381	72	4	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	72	5	's	's	PART
easat-5381	72	6	interest	interest	NOUN
easat-5381	72	7	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	72	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	72	9	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	72	10	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	72	11	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	72	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	72	13	helping	help	VERB
easat-5381	72	14	them	they	PRON
easat-5381	72	15	enjoy	enjoy	VERB
easat-5381	72	16	the	the	DET
easat-5381	72	17	process	process	NOUN
easat-5381	72	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	72	19	use	use	VERB
easat-5381	72	20	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	72	21	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	72	22	regularly	regularly	ADV
easat-5381	72	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	73	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	73	2	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	73	3	stage	stage	NOUN
easat-5381	73	4	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	73	5	a	a	DET
easat-5381	73	6	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-5381	73	7	period	period	NOUN
easat-5381	73	8	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	73	9	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	73	10	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	73	11	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	73	12	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	73	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	74	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	74	2	should	should	AUX
easat-5381	74	3	employ	employ	VERB
easat-5381	74	4	age	age	NOUN
easat-5381	74	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	74	6	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
easat-5381	74	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	74	8	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-5381	74	9	methods	method	NOUN
easat-5381	74	10	to	to	PART
easat-5381	74	11	cultivate	cultivate	VERB
easat-5381	74	12	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	74	13	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	74	14	basic	basic	ADJ
easat-5381	74	15	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	74	16	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	74	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	74	18	create	create	VERB
easat-5381	74	19	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-5381	74	20	for	for	SCONJ
easat-5381	74	21	them	they	PRON
easat-5381	74	22	to	to	PART
easat-5381	74	23	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	74	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	74	25	use	use	VERB
easat-5381	74	26	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	74	27	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	74	28	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	74	29	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	74	30	authentic	authentic	ADJ
easat-5381	74	31	situations	situation	NOUN
easat-5381	74	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	74	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	74	34	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-5381	74	35	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	74	36	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	74	37	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	74	38	local	local	ADJ
easat-5381	74	39	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	74	40	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	74	41	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	74	42	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	74	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	75	1	this	this	DET
easat-5381	75	2	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5381	75	3	enriches	enrich	VERB
easat-5381	75	4	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	75	5	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	75	6	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-5381	75	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	75	8	stimulates	stimulate	VERB
easat-5381	75	9	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	75	10	interest	interest	NOUN
easat-5381	75	11	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	75	12	mastering	master	VERB
easat-5381	75	13	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	75	14	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	75	15	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	76	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	76	2	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	76	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	76	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	77	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	77	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	77	3	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-5381	77	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	77	5	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	77	6	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	77	7	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	77	8	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	77	9	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5381	77	10	follows	follow	VERB
easat-5381	77	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	77	12	4.1	4.1	NUM
easat-5381	77	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	78	1	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	78	2	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	78	3	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	78	4	interested	interested	ADJ
easat-5381	78	5	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	78	6	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	78	7	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	78	8	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	78	9	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	78	10	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	78	11	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	78	12	tend	tend	VERB
easat-5381	78	13	to	to	PART
easat-5381	78	14	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
easat-5381	78	15	greater	great	ADJ
easat-5381	78	16	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-5381	78	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	78	18	curiosity	curiosity	NOUN
easat-5381	78	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	78	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	78	21	desire	desire	NOUN
easat-5381	78	22	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	78	23	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-5381	78	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	79	1	there	there	PRON
easat-5381	79	2	is	be	VERB
easat-5381	79	3	a	a	DET
easat-5381	79	4	close	close	ADJ
easat-5381	79	5	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-5381	79	6	between	between	ADP
easat-5381	79	7	interest	interest	NOUN
easat-5381	79	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	79	9	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	79	10	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-5381	79	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	80	1	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	80	2	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-5381	80	3	continuously	continuously	ADV
easat-5381	80	4	drives	drive	VERB
easat-5381	80	5	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	80	6	to	to	PART
easat-5381	80	7	explore	explore	VERB
easat-5381	80	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	80	9	discover	discover	VERB
easat-5381	80	10	the	the	DET
easat-5381	80	11	joy	joy	NOUN
easat-5381	80	12	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	80	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	80	14	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	80	15	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	80	16	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	80	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	81	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-5381	81	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	81	3	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5381	81	4	they	they	PRON
easat-5381	81	5	encounter	encounter	VERB
easat-5381	81	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5381	81	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	81	8	it	it	PRON
easat-5381	81	9	encourages	encourage	VERB
easat-5381	81	10	them	they	PRON
easat-5381	81	11	to	to	PART
easat-5381	81	12	persist	persist	VERB
easat-5381	81	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	81	14	try	try	VERB
easat-5381	81	15	various	various	ADJ
easat-5381	81	16	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-5381	81	17	to	to	PART
easat-5381	81	18	solve	solve	VERB
easat-5381	81	19	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-5381	81	20	[	[	X
easat-5381	81	21	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	81	22	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	81	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	82	1	4.2	4.2	NUM
easat-5381	82	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	83	1	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	83	2	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	83	3	can	can	AUX
easat-5381	83	4	master	master	VERB
easat-5381	83	5	basic	basic	ADJ
easat-5381	83	6	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	83	7	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	83	8	foundational	foundational	ADJ
easat-5381	83	9	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	83	10	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	83	11	refer	refer	VERB
easat-5381	83	12	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	83	13	the	the	DET
easat-5381	83	14	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-5381	83	15	to	to	PART
easat-5381	83	16	listen	listen	VERB
easat-5381	83	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	83	18	speak	speak	VERB
easat-5381	83	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	83	20	recognize	recognize	VERB
easat-5381	83	21	words	word	NOUN
easat-5381	83	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	83	23	engage	engage	VERB
easat-5381	83	24	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	83	25	emergent	emergent	ADJ
easat-5381	83	26	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-5381	83	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	83	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	83	29	express	express	VERB
easat-5381	83	30	thoughts	thought	NOUN
easat-5381	83	31	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	83	32	symbols	symbol	NOUN
easat-5381	83	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	83	34	signs	sign	NOUN
easat-5381	83	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	83	36	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5381	83	37	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-5381	83	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	84	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5381	84	2	cultivating	cultivate	VERB
easat-5381	84	3	917	917	NUM
easat-5381	84	4	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5381	84	5	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5381	84	6	science	science	NOUN
easat-5381	84	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	84	8	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5381	84	9	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5381	84	10	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	84	11	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5381	84	12	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	84	13	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5381	84	14	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	84	15	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	85	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	85	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	85	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	85	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	86	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5381	86	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	86	3	914	914	NUM
easat-5381	86	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	86	5	921	921	NUM
easat-5381	86	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	86	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	86	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5381	86	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	86	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	NUM
easat-5381	86	11	©	©	ADP
easat-5381	86	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	86	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	86	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	86	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5381	86	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	86	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5381	86	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	86	19	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-5381	86	20	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	86	21	's	's	PART
easat-5381	86	22	listening	listening	NOUN
easat-5381	86	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	86	24	speaking	speaking	NOUN
easat-5381	86	25	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-5381	86	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	86	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	86	28	should	should	AUX
easat-5381	86	29	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	86	30	help	help	VERB
easat-5381	86	31	prepare	prepare	VERB
easat-5381	86	32	them	they	PRON
easat-5381	86	33	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	86	34	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-5381	86	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	86	36	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-5381	86	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	87	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	87	2	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	87	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	87	4	listening	listen	VERB
easat-5381	87	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	87	6	speaking	speaking	NOUN
easat-5381	87	7	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	87	8	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	87	9	the	the	DET
easat-5381	87	10	focus	focus	NOUN
easat-5381	87	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	87	12	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	87	13	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	87	14	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	87	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	87	16	the	the	DET
easat-5381	87	17	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	87	18	stage	stage	NOUN
easat-5381	87	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	88	1	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-5381	88	2	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	88	3	listening	listening	NOUN
easat-5381	88	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	88	5	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5381	88	6	expression	expression	NOUN
easat-5381	88	7	lay	lie	VERB
easat-5381	88	8	the	the	DET
easat-5381	88	9	foundation	foundation	NOUN
easat-5381	88	10	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	88	11	the	the	DET
easat-5381	88	12	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	88	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	88	14	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-5381	88	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	88	16	writing	write	VERB
easat-5381	88	17	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-5381	88	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	88	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	88	20	following	follow	VERB
easat-5381	88	21	the	the	DET
easat-5381	88	22	natural	natural	ADJ
easat-5381	88	23	sequence	sequence	NOUN
easat-5381	88	24	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	88	25	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	88	26	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5381	88	27	[	[	X
easat-5381	88	28	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	88	29	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	88	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	89	1	4.3	4.3	NUM
easat-5381	89	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	90	1	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	90	2	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	90	3	have	have	VERB
easat-5381	90	4	an	an	DET
easat-5381	90	5	initial	initial	ADJ
easat-5381	90	6	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	90	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	90	8	local	local	ADJ
easat-5381	90	9	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	90	10	the	the	DET
easat-5381	90	11	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	90	12	tongue	tongue	PROPN
easat-5381	90	13	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	90	14	component	component	NOUN
easat-5381	90	15	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	90	16	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	90	17	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	90	18	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	90	19	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	90	20	aims	aim	VERB
easat-5381	90	21	at	at	ADP
easat-5381	90	22	achieving	achieve	VERB
easat-5381	90	23	a	a	DET
easat-5381	90	24	dual	dual	ADJ
easat-5381	90	25	goal	goal	NOUN
easat-5381	90	26	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	90	27	empowering	empower	VERB
easat-5381	90	28	its	its	PRON
easat-5381	90	29	citizens	citizen	NOUN
easat-5381	90	30	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	90	31	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
easat-5381	90	32	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-5381	90	33	[	[	X
easat-5381	90	34	17	17	NUM
easat-5381	90	35	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	90	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	91	1	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	91	2	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	91	3	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	91	4	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	91	5	closely	closely	ADV
easat-5381	91	6	connected	connect	VERB
easat-5381	91	7	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	91	8	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	91	9	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	91	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	92	1	although	although	SCONJ
easat-5381	92	2	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	92	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	92	4	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	92	5	already	already	ADV
easat-5381	92	6	have	have	VERB
easat-5381	92	7	some	some	DET
easat-5381	92	8	awareness	awareness	NOUN
easat-5381	92	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	92	10	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	92	11	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
easat-5381	92	12	group	group	NOUN
easat-5381	92	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	92	14	its	its	PRON
easat-5381	92	15	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	92	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	93	1	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	93	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	93	3	about	about	ADP
easat-5381	93	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	93	5	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	93	6	traditions	tradition	NOUN
easat-5381	93	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	93	8	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-5381	93	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	93	10	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	93	11	surroundings	surrounding	NOUN
easat-5381	93	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	93	13	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	93	14	can	can	AUX
easat-5381	93	15	develop	develop	VERB
easat-5381	93	16	a	a	DET
easat-5381	93	17	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5381	93	18	sense	sense	NOUN
easat-5381	93	19	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	93	20	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	93	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	94	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5381	94	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	94	3	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	94	4	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	94	5	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	94	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	94	7	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	94	8	rely	rely	VERB
easat-5381	94	9	not	not	PART
easat-5381	94	10	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	94	11	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	94	12	the	the	DET
easat-5381	94	13	guidance	guidance	NOUN
easat-5381	94	14	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	94	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	94	16	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	94	17	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	94	18	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	94	19	the	the	DET
easat-5381	94	20	support	support	NOUN
easat-5381	94	21	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	94	22	family	family	NOUN
easat-5381	94	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	94	24	friends	friend	NOUN
easat-5381	94	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	94	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	94	27	community	community	NOUN
easat-5381	94	28	members	member	NOUN
easat-5381	94	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	95	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
easat-5381	95	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	95	3	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	95	4	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	95	5	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	95	6	those	those	PRON
easat-5381	95	7	around	around	ADP
easat-5381	95	8	them	they	PRON
easat-5381	95	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	95	10	firsthand	firsthand	ADJ
easat-5381	95	11	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-5381	95	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	95	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	95	14	active	active	ADJ
easat-5381	95	15	participation	participation	NOUN
easat-5381	95	16	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	95	17	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-5381	95	18	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-5381	95	19	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5381	95	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	95	21	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	95	22	will	will	AUX
easat-5381	95	23	gradually	gradually	ADV
easat-5381	95	24	develop	develop	VERB
easat-5381	95	25	a	a	DET
easat-5381	95	26	sense	sense	NOUN
easat-5381	95	27	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	95	28	recognition	recognition	NOUN
easat-5381	95	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	95	30	belonging	belong	VERB
easat-5381	95	31	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	95	32	the	the	DET
easat-5381	95	33	local	local	ADJ
easat-5381	95	34	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	96	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	96	2	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	96	3	]	]	SYM
easat-5381	96	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	97	1	5	5	X
easat-5381	97	2	.	.	X
easat-5381	97	3	reflections	reflection	NOUN
easat-5381	97	4	this	this	DET
easat-5381	97	5	article	article	NOUN
easat-5381	97	6	explores	explore	VERB
easat-5381	97	7	the	the	DET
easat-5381	97	8	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-5381	97	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	97	10	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	97	11	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	97	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	97	13	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	97	14	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	97	15	education	education	PROPN
easat-5381	97	16	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	97	17	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	97	18	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	97	19	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	97	20	system	system	NOUN
easat-5381	97	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	97	22	aligning	align	VERB
easat-5381	97	23	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	97	24	the	the	DET
easat-5381	97	25	country	country	NOUN
easat-5381	97	26	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	97	27	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	97	28	ethos	ethos	NOUN
easat-5381	97	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	97	30	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	97	31	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	97	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	98	1	key	key	ADJ
easat-5381	98	2	aspects	aspect	NOUN
easat-5381	98	3	to	to	PART
easat-5381	98	4	consider	consider	VERB
easat-5381	98	5	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	98	6	such	such	DET
easat-5381	98	7	an	an	DET
easat-5381	98	8	exploration	exploration	NOUN
easat-5381	98	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	98	10	5.1	5.1	NUM
easat-5381	98	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	99	1	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	99	2	context	context	NOUN
easat-5381	99	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	99	4	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-5381	99	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	99	6	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	99	7	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	99	8	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-5381	99	9	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	99	10	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	99	11	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-5381	99	12	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	99	13	makeup	makeup	NOUN
easat-5381	99	14	includes	include	VERB
easat-5381	99	15	the	the	DET
easat-5381	99	16	chinese	chinese	PROPN
easat-5381	99	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	99	18	malay	malay	NOUN
easat-5381	99	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	99	20	indian	indian	ADJ
easat-5381	99	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	99	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	99	23	eurasian	eurasian	ADJ
easat-5381	99	24	communities	community	NOUN
easat-5381	99	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	99	26	making	make	VERB
easat-5381	99	27	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	99	28	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	99	29	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	99	30	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-5381	99	31	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	99	32	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	99	33	preservation	preservation	NOUN
easat-5381	99	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	99	35	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	99	36	harmony	harmony	NOUN
easat-5381	99	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	100	1	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	100	2	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	100	3	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-5381	100	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	100	5	chinese	chinese	ADJ
easat-5381	100	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	100	7	malay	malay	NOUN
easat-5381	100	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	100	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5381	100	10	tamil	tamil	NOUN
easat-5381	100	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	100	12	nurtures	nurture	VERB
easat-5381	100	13	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	100	14	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	100	15	connection	connection	NOUN
easat-5381	100	16	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	100	17	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	100	18	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	100	19	heritage	heritage	NOUN
easat-5381	100	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	100	21	family	family	NOUN
easat-5381	100	22	traditions	tradition	NOUN
easat-5381	100	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	100	24	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-5381	100	25	a	a	DET
easat-5381	100	26	sense	sense	NOUN
easat-5381	100	27	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	100	28	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	100	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	101	1	however	however	ADV
easat-5381	101	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	101	3	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5381	101	4	do	do	AUX
easat-5381	101	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	101	6	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	101	7	preschools	preschool	NOUN
easat-5381	101	8	balance	balance	VERB
easat-5381	101	9	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	101	10	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-5381	101	11	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5381	101	12	maintaining	maintain	VERB
easat-5381	101	13	national	national	ADJ
easat-5381	101	14	unity	unity	NOUN
easat-5381	101	15	?	?	PUNCT
easat-5381	102	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	102	2	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	102	3	preschools	preschool	NOUN
easat-5381	102	4	balance	balance	VERB
easat-5381	102	5	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	102	6	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-5381	102	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	102	8	national	national	ADJ
easat-5381	102	9	unity	unity	NOUN
easat-5381	102	10	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	102	11	carefully	carefully	ADV
easat-5381	102	12	designed	design	VERB
easat-5381	102	13	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	102	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	102	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	102	16	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-5381	102	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	102	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	102	19	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-5381	102	20	that	that	PRON
easat-5381	102	21	honor	honor	VERB
easat-5381	102	22	its	its	PRON
easat-5381	102	23	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	102	24	fabric	fabric	NOUN
easat-5381	102	25	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5381	102	26	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-5381	102	27	shared	share	VERB
easat-5381	102	28	values	value	NOUN
easat-5381	102	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	102	30	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
easat-5381	102	31	[	[	X
easat-5381	102	32	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	102	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	102	34	18	18	NUM
easat-5381	102	35	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	102	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	103	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	103	2	addition	addition	NOUN
easat-5381	103	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	103	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	103	5	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	103	6	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	103	7	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	103	8	not	not	PART
easat-5381	103	9	just	just	ADV
easat-5381	103	10	a	a	DET
easat-5381	103	11	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
easat-5381	103	12	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5381	103	13	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	103	14	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	103	15	a	a	DET
easat-5381	103	16	carrier	carrier	NOUN
easat-5381	103	17	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	103	18	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	103	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	104	1	it	it	PRON
easat-5381	104	2	embodies	embody	VERB
easat-5381	104	3	a	a	DET
easat-5381	104	4	community	community	NOUN
easat-5381	104	5	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	104	6	history	history	NOUN
easat-5381	104	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	104	8	values	value	NOUN
easat-5381	104	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	104	10	worldview	worldview	NOUN
easat-5381	104	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	104	12	traditions	tradition	NOUN
easat-5381	104	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	104	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	104	15	way	way	NOUN
easat-5381	104	16	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	104	17	life	life	NOUN
easat-5381	104	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	105	1	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	105	2	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	105	3	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	105	4	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	105	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	105	6	people	people	NOUN
easat-5381	105	7	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	105	8	to	to	PART
easat-5381	105	9	understand	understand	VERB
easat-5381	105	10	the	the	DET
easat-5381	105	11	world	world	NOUN
easat-5381	105	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	105	13	express	express	VERB
easat-5381	105	14	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	105	15	emotions	emotion	NOUN
easat-5381	105	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	105	17	engage	engage	VERB
easat-5381	105	18	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	105	19	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	105	20	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-5381	105	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	105	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	105	23	even	even	ADV
easat-5381	105	24	construct	construct	VERB
easat-5381	105	25	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	105	26	self	self	NOUN
easat-5381	105	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	105	28	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	105	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	106	1	5.2	5.2	NUM
easat-5381	106	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	107	1	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	107	2	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	107	3	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	107	4	a	a	DET
easat-5381	107	5	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	107	6	expression	expression	NOUN
easat-5381	107	7	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	107	8	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	107	9	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	107	10	an	an	DET
easat-5381	107	11	inseparable	inseparable	ADJ
easat-5381	107	12	element	element	NOUN
easat-5381	107	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	107	14	his	his	PRON
easat-5381	107	15	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5381	107	16	her	her	PRON
easat-5381	107	17	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	107	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	107	19	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5381	107	20	everyone	everyone	PRON
easat-5381	107	21	has	have	VERB
easat-5381	107	22	the	the	DET
easat-5381	107	23	right	right	NOUN
easat-5381	107	24	to	to	PART
easat-5381	107	25	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	107	26	his	his	PRON
easat-5381	107	27	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5381	107	28	her	her	PRON
easat-5381	107	29	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	107	30	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	107	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	108	1	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	108	2	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	108	3	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	108	4	a	a	DET
easat-5381	108	5	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	108	6	expression	expression	NOUN
easat-5381	108	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	108	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	108	9	1	1	X
easat-5381	108	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	108	11	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	108	12	terms	term	NOUN
easat-5381	108	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	108	14	values	value	NOUN
easat-5381	108	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	108	16	thinking	think	VERB
easat-5381	108	17	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-5381	108	18	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	108	19	the	the	DET
easat-5381	108	20	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-5381	108	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	108	22	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
easat-5381	108	23	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	108	24	a	a	DET
easat-5381	108	25	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	108	26	influence	influence	NOUN
easat-5381	108	27	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5381	108	28	people	people	NOUN
easat-5381	108	29	think	think	VERB
easat-5381	108	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	109	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-5381	109	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	4	some	some	DET
easat-5381	109	5	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	109	6	have	have	VERB
easat-5381	109	7	an	an	DET
easat-5381	109	8	extensive	extensive	ADJ
easat-5381	109	9	kinship	kinship	NOUN
easat-5381	109	10	terminology	terminology	NOUN
easat-5381	109	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	12	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-5381	109	13	the	the	DET
easat-5381	109	14	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	109	15	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	109	16	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
easat-5381	109	17	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	109	18	family	family	NOUN
easat-5381	109	19	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-5381	109	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	22	2	2	X
easat-5381	109	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	24	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	109	25	terms	term	NOUN
easat-5381	109	26	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	109	27	history	history	NOUN
easat-5381	109	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	109	29	traditions	tradition	NOUN
easat-5381	109	30	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	31	many	many	ADJ
easat-5381	109	32	folktales	folktale	NOUN
easat-5381	109	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	34	myths	myth	NOUN
easat-5381	109	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	36	proverbs	proverb	NOUN
easat-5381	109	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	109	39	poems	poem	NOUN
easat-5381	109	40	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	109	41	passed	pass	VERB
easat-5381	109	42	down	down	ADP
easat-5381	109	43	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	109	44	the	the	DET
easat-5381	109	45	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	109	46	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	109	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	48	shaping	shape	VERB
easat-5381	109	49	a	a	DET
easat-5381	109	50	community	community	NOUN
easat-5381	109	51	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	109	52	collective	collective	ADJ
easat-5381	109	53	memory	memory	NOUN
easat-5381	109	54	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	55	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	56	3	3	X
easat-5381	109	57	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	58	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	109	59	terms	term	NOUN
easat-5381	109	60	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	109	61	emotions	emotion	NOUN
easat-5381	109	62	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	109	63	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	109	64	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	109	65	using	use	VERB
easat-5381	109	66	one	one	NUM
easat-5381	109	67	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	109	68	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	109	69	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	109	70	fosters	foster	VERB
easat-5381	109	71	emotional	emotional	ADJ
easat-5381	109	72	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-5381	109	73	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	109	74	the	the	DET
easat-5381	109	75	community	community	NOUN
easat-5381	109	76	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	110	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5381	110	2	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	110	3	especially	especially	ADV
easat-5381	110	4	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5381	110	5	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	110	6	immigrant	immigrant	NOUN
easat-5381	110	7	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5381	110	8	minority	minority	NOUN
easat-5381	110	9	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5381	110	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	110	11	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5381	110	12	the	the	DET
easat-5381	110	13	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	110	14	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	110	15	serves	serve	VERB
easat-5381	110	16	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	110	17	an	an	DET
easat-5381	110	18	important	important	ADJ
easat-5381	110	19	marker	marker	NOUN
easat-5381	110	20	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	110	21	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	110	22	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	110	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	110	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	110	25	4	4	X
easat-5381	110	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	110	27	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	110	28	terms	term	NOUN
easat-5381	110	29	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	110	30	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	110	31	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5381	110	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	110	33	etiquette	etiquette	VERB
easat-5381	110	34	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	110	35	different	different	ADJ
easat-5381	110	36	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	110	37	have	have	VERB
easat-5381	110	38	distinct	distinct	ADJ
easat-5381	110	39	ways	way	NOUN
easat-5381	110	40	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	110	41	expressing	express	VERB
easat-5381	110	42	politeness	politeness	ADJ
easat-5381	110	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	110	44	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	110	45	norms	norm	NOUN
easat-5381	110	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	111	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	111	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-5381	111	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	111	4	some	some	DET
easat-5381	111	5	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	111	6	have	have	VERB
easat-5381	111	7	strict	strict	ADJ
easat-5381	111	8	honorific	honorific	ADJ
easat-5381	111	9	systems	system	NOUN
easat-5381	111	10	that	that	PRON
easat-5381	111	11	highlight	highlight	VERB
easat-5381	111	12	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	111	13	hierarchy	hierarchy	NOUN
easat-5381	111	14	[	[	X
easat-5381	111	15	19	19	NUM
easat-5381	111	16	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	111	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	112	1	5.3	5.3	NUM
easat-5381	112	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	113	1	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	113	2	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	113	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	113	4	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	113	5	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-5381	113	6	under	under	ADP
easat-5381	113	7	the	the	DET
easat-5381	113	8	influence	influence	NOUN
easat-5381	113	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	113	10	globalization	globalization	NOUN
easat-5381	113	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	113	12	many	many	ADJ
easat-5381	113	13	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	113	14	tongues	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	113	15	face	face	VERB
easat-5381	113	16	the	the	DET
easat-5381	113	17	challenge	challenge	NOUN
easat-5381	113	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	113	19	decline	decline	NOUN
easat-5381	113	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	114	1	however	however	ADV
easat-5381	114	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	114	3	preserving	preserve	VERB
easat-5381	114	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	114	5	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	114	6	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	114	7	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	114	8	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-5381	114	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	114	10	maintaining	maintain	VERB
easat-5381	114	11	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	114	12	continuity	continuity	NOUN
easat-5381	114	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	115	1	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5381	115	2	systems	system	NOUN
easat-5381	115	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	115	4	family	family	NOUN
easat-5381	115	5	918	918	NUM
easat-5381	115	6	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5381	115	7	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5381	115	8	science	science	NOUN
easat-5381	115	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	115	10	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5381	115	11	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5381	115	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	115	13	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5381	115	14	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	115	15	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5381	115	16	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	115	17	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	116	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	116	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	116	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	116	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	117	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5381	117	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	117	3	914	914	NUM
easat-5381	117	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	117	5	921	921	NUM
easat-5381	117	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	117	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	117	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5381	117	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	117	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	NUM
easat-5381	117	11	©	©	ADP
easat-5381	117	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	117	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	117	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	117	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5381	117	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	117	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5381	117	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	117	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5381	117	20	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-5381	117	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	117	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	117	23	community	community	NOUN
easat-5381	117	24	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5381	117	25	can	can	AUX
easat-5381	117	26	all	all	PRON
easat-5381	117	27	serve	serve	VERB
easat-5381	117	28	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	117	29	spaces	space	NOUN
easat-5381	117	30	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	117	31	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	117	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	117	33	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	117	34	transmission	transmission	NOUN
easat-5381	117	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	118	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	118	2	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
easat-5381	118	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	118	4	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	118	5	example	example	NOUN
easat-5381	118	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	118	7	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-5381	118	8	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	118	9	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	118	10	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	118	11	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	118	12	not	not	PART
easat-5381	118	13	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	118	14	an	an	DET
easat-5381	118	15	effort	effort	NOUN
easat-5381	118	16	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	118	17	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	118	18	revitalization	revitalization	NOUN
easat-5381	118	19	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	118	20	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	118	21	a	a	DET
easat-5381	118	22	means	means	NOUN
easat-5381	118	23	to	to	PART
easat-5381	118	24	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
easat-5381	118	25	local	local	ADJ
easat-5381	118	26	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	118	27	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	118	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	119	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	119	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-5381	119	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	119	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	119	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-5381	119	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	119	7	hakka	hakka	PROPN
easat-5381	119	8	immersion	immersion	PROPN
easat-5381	119	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	119	10	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	119	11	taiwanese	taiwanese	ADJ
easat-5381	119	12	preschools	preschool	NOUN
easat-5381	119	13	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	119	14	a	a	DET
easat-5381	119	15	highly	highly	ADV
easat-5381	119	16	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
easat-5381	119	17	initiative	initiative	NOUN
easat-5381	119	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	119	19	especially	especially	ADV
easat-5381	119	20	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	119	21	preserving	preserve	VERB
easat-5381	119	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	119	23	passing	pass	VERB
easat-5381	119	24	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	119	25	hakka	hakka	PROPN
easat-5381	119	26	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	119	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	119	28	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	119	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	120	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	120	2	immersive	immersive	ADJ
easat-5381	120	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	120	4	method	method	NOUN
easat-5381	120	5	allows	allow	VERB
easat-5381	120	6	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	120	7	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	120	8	to	to	PART
easat-5381	120	9	naturally	naturally	ADV
easat-5381	120	10	engage	engage	VERB
easat-5381	120	11	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	120	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	120	13	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	120	14	hakka	hakka	PROPN
easat-5381	120	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	120	16	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	120	17	daily	daily	ADJ
easat-5381	120	18	lives	life	NOUN
easat-5381	120	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	121	1	this	this	DET
easat-5381	121	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	121	3	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5381	121	4	not	not	PART
easat-5381	121	5	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	121	6	helps	help	VERB
easat-5381	121	7	them	they	PRON
easat-5381	121	8	acquire	acquire	VERB
easat-5381	121	9	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	121	10	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	121	11	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	121	12	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	121	13	deepens	deepen	VERB
easat-5381	121	14	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	121	15	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	121	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	121	17	appreciation	appreciation	NOUN
easat-5381	121	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	121	19	hakka	hakka	PROPN
easat-5381	121	20	culture	culture	PROPN
easat-5381	121	21	[	[	X
easat-5381	121	22	20	20	NUM
easat-5381	121	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	121	24	21	21	NUM
easat-5381	121	25	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	121	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	122	1	5.4	5.4	NUM
easat-5381	122	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	123	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	123	2	nurturing	nurture	VERB
easat-5381	123	3	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	123	4	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5381	123	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	123	6	nel	nel	NOUN
easat-5381	123	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	123	8	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-5381	123	9	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	123	10	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	123	11	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	123	12	an	an	DET
easat-5381	123	13	inseparable	inseparable	ADJ
easat-5381	123	14	element	element	NOUN
easat-5381	123	15	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	123	16	his	his	PRON
easat-5381	123	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5381	123	18	her	her	PRON
easat-5381	123	19	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	123	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	123	21	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5381	123	22	everyone	everyone	PRON
easat-5381	123	23	has	have	VERB
easat-5381	123	24	the	the	DET
easat-5381	123	25	right	right	NOUN
easat-5381	123	26	to	to	PART
easat-5381	123	27	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	123	28	his	his	PRON
easat-5381	123	29	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5381	123	30	her	her	PRON
easat-5381	123	31	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	123	32	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	124	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	124	2	19	19	NUM
easat-5381	124	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	124	4	21	21	NUM
easat-5381	124	5	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	124	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	125	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	125	2	nel	nel	PROPN
easat-5381	125	3	framework	framework	PROPN
easat-5381	125	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	125	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	125	6	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	125	7	national	national	PROPN
easat-5381	125	8	preschool	preschool	PROPN
easat-5381	125	9	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	125	10	guide	guide	NOUN
easat-5381	125	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	125	12	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
easat-5381	125	13	a	a	DET
easat-5381	125	14	holistic	holistic	ADJ
easat-5381	125	15	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5381	125	16	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	125	17	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	125	18	that	that	PRON
easat-5381	125	19	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-5381	125	20	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	125	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	125	22	emotional	emotional	ADJ
easat-5381	125	23	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	125	24	instils	instil	VERB
easat-5381	125	25	healthy	healthy	ADJ
easat-5381	125	26	self	self	NOUN
easat-5381	125	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	125	28	esteem	esteem	NOUN
easat-5381	125	29	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	125	30	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	125	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	126	1	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	126	2	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	126	3	taught	teach	VERB
easat-5381	126	4	to	to	PART
easat-5381	126	5	manage	manage	VERB
easat-5381	126	6	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	126	7	feelings	feeling	NOUN
easat-5381	126	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	126	9	thoughts	thought	NOUN
easat-5381	126	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	126	11	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
easat-5381	126	12	which	which	PRON
easat-5381	126	13	will	will	AUX
easat-5381	126	14	allow	allow	VERB
easat-5381	126	15	them	they	PRON
easat-5381	126	16	to	to	PART
easat-5381	126	17	form	form	VERB
easat-5381	126	18	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-5381	126	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	126	20	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
easat-5381	126	21	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-5381	126	22	later	later	ADV
easat-5381	126	23	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	126	24	life	life	NOUN
easat-5381	126	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	127	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	127	2	nel	nel	PROPN
easat-5381	127	3	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-5381	127	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	127	5	which	which	PRON
easat-5381	127	6	incorporates	incorporate	VERB
easat-5381	127	7	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	127	8	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	127	9	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5381	127	10	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-5381	127	11	a	a	DET
easat-5381	127	12	common	common	ADJ
easat-5381	127	13	national	national	ADJ
easat-5381	127	14	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	127	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	128	1	it	it	PRON
easat-5381	128	2	ensures	ensure	VERB
easat-5381	128	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5381	128	4	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	128	5	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-5381	128	6	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	128	7	celebrated	celebrate	VERB
easat-5381	128	8	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	128	9	exposure	exposure	NOUN
easat-5381	128	10	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	128	11	stories	story	NOUN
easat-5381	128	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	128	13	songs	song	NOUN
easat-5381	128	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	128	15	festivals	festival	NOUN
easat-5381	128	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	128	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	128	18	traditions	tradition	NOUN
easat-5381	128	19	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	128	20	all	all	DET
easat-5381	128	21	major	major	ADJ
easat-5381	128	22	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
easat-5381	128	23	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5381	128	24	—	—	PUNCT
easat-5381	128	25	chinese	chinese	ADJ
easat-5381	128	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	128	27	malay	malay	NOUN
easat-5381	128	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	128	29	indian	indian	ADJ
easat-5381	128	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	128	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	128	32	others	other	NOUN
easat-5381	128	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	129	1	core	core	NOUN
easat-5381	129	2	values	value	NOUN
easat-5381	129	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	129	4	such	such	ADJ
easat-5381	129	5	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	129	6	respect	respect	NOUN
easat-5381	129	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	129	8	harmony	harmony	NOUN
easat-5381	129	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	129	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	129	11	inclusiveness	inclusiveness	NOUN
easat-5381	129	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	129	13	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	129	14	embedded	embed	VERB
easat-5381	129	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	129	16	daily	daily	ADJ
easat-5381	129	17	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5381	129	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	129	19	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5381	129	20	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	129	21	to	to	PART
easat-5381	129	22	appreciate	appreciate	VERB
easat-5381	129	23	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-5381	129	24	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5381	129	25	cultivating	cultivate	VERB
easat-5381	129	26	a	a	DET
easat-5381	129	27	shared	share	VERB
easat-5381	129	28	sense	sense	NOUN
easat-5381	129	29	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	129	30	belonging	belong	VERB
easat-5381	129	31	[	[	PUNCT
easat-5381	129	32	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	129	33	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	129	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	130	1	5.5	5.5	NUM
easat-5381	130	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	131	1	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	131	2	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	131	3	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	131	4	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	131	5	second	second	ADJ
easat-5381	131	6	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	131	7	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	131	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	131	9	ingrained	ingrain	VERB
easat-5381	131	10	native	native	ADJ
easat-5381	131	11	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-5381	131	12	deeply	deeply	ADV
easat-5381	131	13	influences	influence	VERB
easat-5381	131	14	people	people	NOUN
easat-5381	131	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	131	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	131	17	native	native	ADJ
easat-5381	131	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
easat-5381	131	19	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	131	20	then	then	ADV
easat-5381	131	21	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5381	131	22	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	131	23	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	131	24	the	the	DET
easat-5381	131	25	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	132	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	132	2	22	22	NUM
easat-5381	132	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	132	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	133	1	english	english	PROPN
easat-5381	133	2	serves	serve	VERB
easat-5381	133	3	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	133	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	133	5	common	common	ADJ
easat-5381	133	6	working	work	VERB
easat-5381	133	7	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	133	8	to	to	PART
easat-5381	133	9	unite	unite	VERB
easat-5381	133	10	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	133	11	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	133	12	different	different	ADJ
easat-5381	133	13	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
easat-5381	133	14	backgrounds	background	NOUN
easat-5381	133	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	133	16	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-5381	133	17	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	133	18	across	across	ADP
easat-5381	133	19	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	133	20	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5381	133	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	134	1	at	at	ADP
easat-5381	134	2	the	the	DET
easat-5381	134	3	same	same	ADJ
easat-5381	134	4	time	time	NOUN
easat-5381	134	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	134	6	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	134	7	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	134	8	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	134	9	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	134	10	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	134	11	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	134	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	134	13	chinese	chinese	ADJ
easat-5381	134	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	134	15	malay	malay	NOUN
easat-5381	134	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	134	17	tamil	tamil	PROPN
easat-5381	134	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	134	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	134	20	which	which	PRON
easat-5381	134	21	reinforces	reinforce	VERB
easat-5381	134	22	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	134	23	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	134	24	heritage	heritage	NOUN
easat-5381	134	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	134	26	fosters	foster	VERB
easat-5381	134	27	pride	pride	NOUN
easat-5381	134	28	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	134	29	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	134	30	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
easat-5381	134	31	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	134	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	135	1	this	this	DET
easat-5381	135	2	duallanguage	duallanguage	NOUN
easat-5381	135	3	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5381	135	4	promotes	promote	VERB
easat-5381	135	5	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-5381	135	6	-	-	ADJ
easat-5381	135	7	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	135	8	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	135	9	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5381	135	10	maintaining	maintain	VERB
easat-5381	135	11	national	national	ADJ
easat-5381	135	12	unity	unity	NOUN
easat-5381	135	13	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	135	14	a	a	DET
easat-5381	135	15	shared	share	VERB
easat-5381	135	16	medium	medium	NOUN
easat-5381	135	17	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	135	18	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	135	19	[	[	X
easat-5381	135	20	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	135	21	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	135	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	136	1	5.6	5.6	NUM
easat-5381	136	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	136	3	celebration	celebration	NOUN
easat-5381	136	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	136	5	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	136	6	festivals	festival	NOUN
easat-5381	136	7	the	the	DET
easat-5381	136	8	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-5381	136	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	136	10	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	136	11	affects	affect	VERB
easat-5381	136	12	a	a	DET
easat-5381	136	13	country	country	NOUN
easat-5381	136	14	's	's	PART
easat-5381	136	15	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	136	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	136	17	success	success	NOUN
easat-5381	136	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	136	19	wang	wang	PROPN
easat-5381	136	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	136	21	shih	shih	PROPN
easat-5381	136	22	[	[	X
easat-5381	136	23	13	13	NUM
easat-5381	136	24	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	136	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	137	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	137	2	a	a	DET
easat-5381	137	3	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	137	4	society	society	NOUN
easat-5381	137	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	137	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	137	7	need	need	VERB
easat-5381	137	8	the	the	DET
easat-5381	137	9	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-5381	137	10	to	to	PART
easat-5381	137	11	design	design	VERB
easat-5381	137	12	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-5381	137	13	responsive	responsive	ADJ
easat-5381	137	14	curricula	curricula	NOUN
easat-5381	137	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	137	16	crc	crc	NOUN
easat-5381	137	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	137	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	137	19	which	which	PRON
easat-5381	137	20	not	not	PART
easat-5381	137	21	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	137	22	shape	shape	VERB
easat-5381	137	23	students	student	NOUN
easat-5381	137	24	'	'	PART
easat-5381	137	25	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	137	26	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-5381	137	27	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	137	28	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	137	29	influence	influence	VERB
easat-5381	137	30	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	137	31	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	137	32	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	137	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	137	34	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	137	35	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	137	36	others	other	NOUN
easat-5381	137	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	138	1	a	a	DET
easat-5381	138	2	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-5381	138	3	responsive	responsive	ADJ
easat-5381	138	4	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	138	5	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	138	6	a	a	DET
easat-5381	138	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	138	8	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5381	138	9	centered	center	VERB
easat-5381	138	10	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	138	11	students	student	NOUN
easat-5381	138	12	’	’	PART
easat-5381	138	13	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	138	14	backgrounds	background	NOUN
easat-5381	138	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	139	1	a	a	DET
easat-5381	139	2	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-5381	139	3	responsive	responsive	ADJ
easat-5381	139	4	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	139	5	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	139	6	developed	develop	VERB
easat-5381	139	7	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	139	8	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	139	9	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	139	10	preschools	preschool	NOUN
easat-5381	139	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	139	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	139	13	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	139	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	139	15	can	can	AUX
easat-5381	139	16	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
easat-5381	139	17	celebrations	celebration	NOUN
easat-5381	139	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	139	19	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	139	20	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	139	21	key	key	ADJ
easat-5381	139	22	festivals	festival	NOUN
easat-5381	139	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	139	24	such	such	ADJ
easat-5381	139	25	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	139	26	chinese	chinese	ADJ
easat-5381	139	27	new	new	ADJ
easat-5381	139	28	year	year	NOUN
easat-5381	139	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	139	30	hari	hari	PROPN
easat-5381	139	31	raya	raya	PROPN
easat-5381	139	32	puasa	puasa	PROPN
easat-5381	139	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	139	34	deepavali	deepavali	PROPN
easat-5381	139	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	139	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	139	37	national	national	ADJ
easat-5381	139	38	day	day	NOUN
easat-5381	139	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	139	40	into	into	ADP
easat-5381	139	41	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	139	42	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	139	43	planning	planning	NOUN
easat-5381	139	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	140	1	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	140	2	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-5381	140	3	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5381	140	4	like	like	ADP
easat-5381	140	5	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5381	140	6	crafts	craft	NOUN
easat-5381	140	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	140	8	costumes	costume	NOUN
easat-5381	140	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	140	10	dances	dance	NOUN
easat-5381	140	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	140	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	140	13	food	food	NOUN
easat-5381	140	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	140	15	tasting	tasting	NOUN
easat-5381	140	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	140	17	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	140	18	develop	develop	VERB
easat-5381	140	19	respect	respect	NOUN
easat-5381	140	20	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	140	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	140	22	awareness	awareness	NOUN
easat-5381	140	23	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	140	24	different	different	ADJ
easat-5381	140	25	cultures	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	140	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	141	1	these	these	DET
easat-5381	141	2	celebrations	celebration	NOUN
easat-5381	141	3	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	141	4	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5381	141	5	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-5381	141	6	for	for	SCONJ
easat-5381	141	7	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	141	8	to	to	PART
easat-5381	141	9	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	141	10	about	about	ADP
easat-5381	141	11	shared	share	VERB
easat-5381	141	12	values	value	NOUN
easat-5381	141	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	141	14	such	such	ADJ
easat-5381	141	15	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	141	16	family	family	NOUN
easat-5381	141	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	141	18	gratitude	gratitude	NOUN
easat-5381	141	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	141	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	141	21	harmony	harmony	NOUN
easat-5381	141	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	141	23	that	that	PRON
easat-5381	141	24	transcend	transcend	VERB
easat-5381	141	25	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	141	26	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
easat-5381	141	27	[	[	X
easat-5381	141	28	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	141	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	141	30	23	23	NUM
easat-5381	141	31	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	141	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	142	1	5.7	5.7	NUM
easat-5381	142	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	142	3	parental	parental	ADJ
easat-5381	142	4	involvement	involvement	NOUN
easat-5381	142	5	parents	parent	NOUN
easat-5381	142	6	know	know	VERB
easat-5381	142	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5381	142	8	the	the	DET
easat-5381	142	9	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	142	10	years	year	NOUN
easat-5381	142	11	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	142	12	important	important	ADJ
easat-5381	142	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	142	14	building	build	VERB
easat-5381	142	15	a	a	DET
easat-5381	142	16	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-5381	142	17	foundation	foundation	NOUN
easat-5381	142	18	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	142	19	life	life	NOUN
easat-5381	142	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	142	21	long	long	ADJ
easat-5381	142	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	142	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	143	1	schools	school	NOUN
easat-5381	143	2	engage	engage	VERB
easat-5381	143	3	parents	parent	NOUN
easat-5381	143	4	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	143	5	events	event	NOUN
easat-5381	143	6	like	like	ADP
easat-5381	143	7	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	143	8	family	family	NOUN
easat-5381	143	9	days	day	NOUN
easat-5381	143	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	143	11	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5381	143	12	parents	parent	NOUN
easat-5381	143	13	contribute	contribute	VERB
easat-5381	143	14	food	food	NOUN
easat-5381	143	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	143	16	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5381	143	17	attire	attire	NOUN
easat-5381	143	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	143	19	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5381	143	20	stories	story	NOUN
easat-5381	143	21	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	143	22	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	143	23	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	143	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	144	1	such	such	ADJ
easat-5381	144	2	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
easat-5381	144	3	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
easat-5381	144	4	ties	tie	NOUN
easat-5381	144	5	between	between	ADP
easat-5381	144	6	families	family	NOUN
easat-5381	144	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	144	8	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-5381	144	9	backgrounds	background	NOUN
easat-5381	144	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	144	11	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-5381	144	12	a	a	DET
easat-5381	144	13	community	community	NOUN
easat-5381	144	14	spirit	spirit	NOUN
easat-5381	144	15	beyond	beyond	ADP
easat-5381	144	16	the	the	DET
easat-5381	144	17	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-5381	145	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	145	2	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	145	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	145	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	146	1	919	919	NUM
easat-5381	146	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5381	146	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5381	146	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-5381	146	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	146	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5381	146	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5381	146	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	146	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5381	146	10	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	146	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5381	146	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	146	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	147	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	147	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	147	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	147	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	148	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5381	148	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	148	3	914	914	NUM
easat-5381	148	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	148	5	921	921	NUM
easat-5381	148	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	148	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	148	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5381	148	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	148	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	NUM
easat-5381	148	11	©	©	ADP
easat-5381	148	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	148	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	148	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	148	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5381	148	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	148	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5381	148	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	148	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5381	148	20	5.8	5.8	NUM
easat-5381	148	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	149	1	government	government	NOUN
easat-5381	149	2	support	support	NOUN
easat-5381	149	3	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	149	4	harmony	harmony	NOUN
easat-5381	149	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	149	6	unity	unity	NOUN
easat-5381	149	7	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	149	8	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	149	9	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	149	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	149	11	such	such	ADJ
easat-5381	149	12	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	149	13	the	the	DET
easat-5381	149	14	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
easat-5381	149	15	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-5381	149	16	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	149	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	149	18	efforts	effort	NOUN
easat-5381	149	19	to	to	PART
easat-5381	149	20	promote	promote	VERB
easat-5381	149	21	racial	racial	ADJ
easat-5381	149	22	harmony	harmony	NOUN
easat-5381	149	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	149	24	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	149	25	reflected	reflect	VERB
easat-5381	149	26	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	149	27	the	the	DET
easat-5381	149	28	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	149	29	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-5381	149	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	150	1	government	government	NOUN
easat-5381	150	2	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
easat-5381	150	3	like	like	ADP
easat-5381	150	4	racial	racial	ADJ
easat-5381	150	5	harmony	harmony	NOUN
easat-5381	150	6	day	day	NOUN
easat-5381	150	7	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	150	8	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
easat-5381	150	9	into	into	ADP
easat-5381	150	10	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	150	11	programs	program	NOUN
easat-5381	150	12	to	to	PART
easat-5381	150	13	teach	teach	VERB
easat-5381	150	14	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	150	15	about	about	ADP
easat-5381	150	16	living	live	VERB
easat-5381	150	17	harmoniously	harmoniously	ADV
easat-5381	150	18	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	150	19	a	a	DET
easat-5381	150	20	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	150	21	society	society	NOUN
easat-5381	150	22	[	[	X
easat-5381	150	23	24	24	NUM
easat-5381	150	24	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	150	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	151	1	6	6	X
easat-5381	151	2	.	.	X
easat-5381	151	3	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
easat-5381	151	4	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
easat-5381	151	5	has	have	AUX
easat-5381	151	6	been	be	AUX
easat-5381	151	7	the	the	DET
easat-5381	151	8	cornerstone	cornerstone	NOUN
easat-5381	151	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	151	10	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	151	11	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	151	12	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	151	13	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	151	14	since	since	SCONJ
easat-5381	151	15	1959	1959	NUM
easat-5381	151	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	152	1	given	give	VERB
easat-5381	152	2	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	152	3	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	152	4	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-5381	152	5	population	population	NOUN
easat-5381	152	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	152	7	it	it	PRON
easat-5381	152	8	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	152	9	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-5381	152	10	to	to	PART
easat-5381	152	11	understand	understand	VERB
easat-5381	152	12	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5381	152	13	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
easat-5381	152	14	parents	parent	NOUN
easat-5381	152	15	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	152	16	various	various	ADJ
easat-5381	152	17	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	152	18	backgrounds	background	NOUN
easat-5381	152	19	perceive	perceive	VERB
easat-5381	152	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	152	21	engage	engage	VERB
easat-5381	152	22	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	152	23	the	the	DET
easat-5381	152	24	country	country	NOUN
easat-5381	152	25	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	152	26	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	152	27	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	152	28	system	system	NOUN
easat-5381	152	29	[	[	X
easat-5381	152	30	25	25	NUM
easat-5381	152	31	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	152	32	27	27	NUM
easat-5381	152	33	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	152	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	153	1	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	153	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	153	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	153	4	kindergarten	kindergarten	NOUN
easat-5381	153	5	1	1	NUM
easat-5381	153	6	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	153	7	attending	attend	VERB
easat-5381	153	8	the	the	DET
easat-5381	153	9	upcoming	upcoming	ADJ
easat-5381	153	10	moe	moe	NOUN
easat-5381	153	11	kindergarten	kindergarten	NOUN
easat-5381	153	12	will	will	AUX
easat-5381	153	13	have	have	VERB
easat-5381	153	14	an	an	DET
easat-5381	153	15	extra	extra	ADJ
easat-5381	153	16	30	30	NUM
easat-5381	153	17	minutes	minute	NOUN
easat-5381	153	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	153	19	chinese	chinese	ADJ
easat-5381	153	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	153	21	malay	malay	NOUN
easat-5381	153	22	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5381	153	23	tamil	tamil	PROPN
easat-5381	153	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	153	25	each	each	DET
easat-5381	153	26	day	day	NOUN
easat-5381	153	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	154	1	currently	currently	ADV
easat-5381	154	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	154	3	moe	moe	NOUN
easat-5381	154	4	kindergarten	kindergarten	NOUN
easat-5381	154	5	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	154	6	spend	spend	VERB
easat-5381	154	7	one	one	NUM
easat-5381	154	8	hour	hour	NOUN
easat-5381	154	9	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	154	10	mtl	mtl	PROPN
easat-5381	154	11	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5381	154	12	daily	daily	ADV
easat-5381	154	13	[	[	X
easat-5381	154	14	28	28	NUM
easat-5381	154	15	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	154	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	155	1	based	base	VERB
easat-5381	155	2	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	155	3	the	the	DET
easat-5381	155	4	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-5381	155	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5381	155	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	155	7	the	the	DET
easat-5381	155	8	aims	aim	NOUN
easat-5381	155	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	155	10	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	155	11	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	155	12	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	155	13	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	155	14	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	155	15	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	155	16	can	can	AUX
easat-5381	155	17	be	be	AUX
easat-5381	155	18	summarized	summarize	VERB
easat-5381	155	19	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5381	155	20	follows	follow	VERB
easat-5381	155	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	155	22	6.1	6.1	NUM
easat-5381	155	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	155	24	developing	develop	VERB
easat-5381	155	25	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	155	26	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	155	27	's	's	PART
easat-5381	155	28	foundational	foundational	ADJ
easat-5381	155	29	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	155	30	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	155	31	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-5381	155	32	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	155	33	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	155	34	to	to	PART
easat-5381	155	35	build	build	VERB
easat-5381	155	36	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-5381	155	37	listening	listening	NOUN
easat-5381	155	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	155	39	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5381	155	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	155	41	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-5381	155	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	155	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	155	44	writing	write	VERB
easat-5381	155	45	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-5381	155	46	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	155	47	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	155	48	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	155	49	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	155	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	155	51	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	155	52	laying	lay	VERB
easat-5381	155	53	a	a	DET
easat-5381	155	54	solid	solid	ADJ
easat-5381	155	55	foundation	foundation	NOUN
easat-5381	155	56	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	155	57	future	future	ADJ
easat-5381	155	58	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	155	59	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5381	155	60	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	156	1	6.2	6.2	NUM
easat-5381	156	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	156	3	cultivating	cultivate	VERB
easat-5381	156	4	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	156	5	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	156	6	's	's	PART
easat-5381	156	7	initial	initial	ADJ
easat-5381	156	8	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	156	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	156	10	appreciation	appreciation	NOUN
easat-5381	156	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	156	12	local	local	ADJ
easat-5381	156	13	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	156	14	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-5381	156	15	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	156	16	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	156	17	to	to	PART
easat-5381	156	18	engage	engage	VERB
easat-5381	156	19	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	156	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	156	21	understand	understand	VERB
easat-5381	156	22	local	local	ADJ
easat-5381	156	23	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	156	24	during	during	ADP
easat-5381	156	25	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	156	26	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	156	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	156	28	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-5381	156	29	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	156	30	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	156	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	156	32	an	an	DET
easat-5381	156	33	appreciation	appreciation	NOUN
easat-5381	156	34	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	156	35	multiculturalism	multiculturalism	NOUN
easat-5381	156	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	157	1	6.3	6.3	NUM
easat-5381	157	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	158	1	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
easat-5381	158	2	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	158	3	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	158	4	's	's	PART
easat-5381	158	5	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	158	6	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	158	7	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	158	8	family	family	NOUN
easat-5381	158	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	158	10	friends	friend	NOUN
easat-5381	158	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	158	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	158	13	community	community	NOUN
easat-5381	158	14	members	member	NOUN
easat-5381	158	15	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5381	158	16	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	158	17	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	158	18	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	158	19	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5381	158	20	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	158	21	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	158	22	family	family	NOUN
easat-5381	158	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	158	24	community	community	NOUN
easat-5381	158	25	through	through	ADP
easat-5381	158	26	the	the	DET
easat-5381	158	27	use	use	NOUN
easat-5381	158	28	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	158	29	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	158	30	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	158	31	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	158	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	158	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	158	34	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-5381	158	35	stronger	strong	ADJ
easat-5381	158	36	emotional	emotional	ADJ
easat-5381	158	37	connections	connection	NOUN
easat-5381	158	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	158	39	improving	improve	VERB
easat-5381	158	40	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	158	41	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	158	42	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	158	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	159	1	these	these	DET
easat-5381	159	2	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-5381	159	3	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	159	4	interconnected	interconnect	VERB
easat-5381	159	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	159	6	collectively	collectively	ADV
easat-5381	159	7	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-5381	159	8	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	159	9	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	159	10	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	159	11	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
easat-5381	159	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	159	13	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	159	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	159	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	159	16	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	159	17	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	159	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	159	19	aligning	align	VERB
easat-5381	159	20	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	159	21	the	the	DET
easat-5381	159	22	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5381	159	23	needs	need	NOUN
easat-5381	159	24	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	159	25	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	159	26	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	159	27	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	159	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	159	29	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	159	30	society	society	NOUN
easat-5381	159	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	160	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	160	2	addition	addition	NOUN
easat-5381	160	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	160	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	160	5	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	160	6	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-5381	160	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	160	8	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	160	9	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	160	10	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	160	11	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	160	12	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5381	160	13	follows	follow	VERB
easat-5381	160	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	160	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	160	16	1	1	X
easat-5381	160	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	160	18	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	160	19	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	160	20	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	160	21	interested	interested	ADJ
easat-5381	160	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	160	23	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	160	24	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	160	25	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	160	26	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	160	27	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	160	28	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	160	29	2	2	X
easat-5381	160	30	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	160	31	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	160	32	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	160	33	can	can	AUX
easat-5381	160	34	master	master	VERB
easat-5381	160	35	foundational	foundational	ADJ
easat-5381	160	36	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	160	37	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	160	38	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	160	39	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	160	40	3	3	X
easat-5381	160	41	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	160	42	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	160	43	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	160	44	have	have	VERB
easat-5381	160	45	an	an	DET
easat-5381	160	46	initial	initial	ADJ
easat-5381	160	47	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	160	48	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	160	49	local	local	ADJ
easat-5381	160	50	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	160	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	161	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	161	2	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	161	3	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	161	4	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	161	5	legitimises	legitimise	VERB
easat-5381	161	6	english	english	PROPN
easat-5381	161	7	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	161	8	the	the	DET
easat-5381	161	9	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	161	10	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	161	11	governmental	governmental	ADJ
easat-5381	161	12	administration	administration	NOUN
easat-5381	161	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	161	14	interethnic	interethnic	ADJ
easat-5381	161	15	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	161	16	[	[	X
easat-5381	161	17	29	29	NUM
easat-5381	161	18	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	161	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	162	1	the	the	DET
easat-5381	162	2	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	162	3	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	162	4	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	162	5	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	162	6	mandates	mandate	NOUN
easat-5381	162	7	english	english	PROPN
easat-5381	162	8	as	as	ADP
easat-5381	162	9	the	the	DET
easat-5381	162	10	medium	medium	NOUN
easat-5381	162	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	162	12	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-5381	162	13	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-5381	162	14	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	162	15	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	162	16	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	162	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	163	1	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	163	2	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-5381	163	3	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	163	4	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	163	5	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	163	6	childhood	childhood	NOUN
easat-5381	163	7	supports	support	VERB
easat-5381	163	8	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
easat-5381	163	9	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	163	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	163	11	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	163	12	appreciation	appreciation	NOUN
easat-5381	163	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	163	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	163	15	future	future	ADJ
easat-5381	163	16	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-5381	163	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	164	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	164	2	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	164	3	design	design	NOUN
easat-5381	164	4	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	164	5	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	164	6	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	164	7	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-5381	164	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	164	9	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	164	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	164	11	should	should	AUX
easat-5381	164	12	develop	develop	VERB
easat-5381	164	13	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-5381	164	14	responsive	responsive	ADJ
easat-5381	164	15	curricula	curricula	NOUN
easat-5381	164	16	that	that	PRON
easat-5381	164	17	integrate	integrate	VERB
easat-5381	164	18	storytelling	storytelling	NOUN
easat-5381	164	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	164	20	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5381	164	21	music	music	NOUN
easat-5381	164	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	164	23	art	art	NOUN
easat-5381	164	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	164	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	164	26	festivals	festival	NOUN
easat-5381	164	27	to	to	PART
easat-5381	164	28	immerse	immerse	VERB
easat-5381	164	29	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	164	30	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	164	31	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	164	32	native	native	ADJ
easat-5381	164	33	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	164	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	165	1	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-5381	165	2	play	play	NOUN
easat-5381	165	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	165	4	based	base	VERB
easat-5381	165	5	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	165	6	to	to	PART
easat-5381	165	7	make	make	VERB
easat-5381	165	8	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	165	9	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5381	165	10	enjoyable	enjoyable	ADJ
easat-5381	165	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	165	12	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
easat-5381	165	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	166	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	166	2	addition	addition	NOUN
easat-5381	166	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	166	4	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	166	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	166	6	should	should	AUX
easat-5381	166	7	think	think	VERB
easat-5381	166	8	what	what	PRON
easat-5381	166	9	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
easat-5381	166	10	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-5381	166	11	best	well	ADV
easat-5381	166	12	promote	promote	VERB
easat-5381	166	13	native	native	ADJ
easat-5381	166	14	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	166	15	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	166	16	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	166	17	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	166	18	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	166	19	?	?	PUNCT
easat-5381	167	1	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5381	167	2	can	can	AUX
easat-5381	167	3	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5381	167	4	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	167	5	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-5381	167	6	be	be	AUX
easat-5381	167	7	modernized	modernize	VERB
easat-5381	167	8	to	to	PART
easat-5381	167	9	engage	engage	VERB
easat-5381	167	10	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	167	11	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5381	167	12	?	?	PUNCT
easat-5381	168	1	finally	finally	ADV
easat-5381	168	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	168	3	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5381	168	4	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	168	5	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	168	6	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	168	7	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	168	8	a	a	DET
easat-5381	168	9	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	168	10	age	age	NOUN
easat-5381	168	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	168	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	168	13	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	168	14	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	168	15	substantial	substantial	ADJ
easat-5381	168	16	brain	brain	NOUN
easat-5381	168	17	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	168	18	occurs	occur	VERB
easat-5381	168	19	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	168	20	the	the	DET
easat-5381	168	21	developmental	developmental	ADJ
easat-5381	168	22	period	period	NOUN
easat-5381	168	23	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	168	24	birth	birth	NOUN
easat-5381	168	25	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	168	26	6	6	NUM
easat-5381	168	27	years	year	NOUN
easat-5381	168	28	old	old	ADJ
easat-5381	168	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	168	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	168	31	this	this	DET
easat-5381	168	32	period	period	NOUN
easat-5381	168	33	represents	represent	VERB
easat-5381	168	34	a	a	DET
easat-5381	168	35	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-5381	168	36	window	window	NOUN
easat-5381	168	37	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	168	38	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5381	168	39	interventions	intervention	NOUN
easat-5381	168	40	[	[	X
easat-5381	168	41	30	30	NUM
easat-5381	168	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	168	43	31	31	NUM
easat-5381	168	44	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	168	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	169	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	169	2	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	169	3	goals	goal	NOUN
easat-5381	169	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	169	5	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	169	6	include	include	VERB
easat-5381	169	7	nurturing	nurture	VERB
easat-5381	169	8	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	169	9	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	169	10	to	to	PART
easat-5381	169	11	become	become	VERB
easat-5381	169	12	good	good	ADJ
easat-5381	169	13	persons	person	NOUN
easat-5381	169	14	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	169	15	character	character	NOUN
easat-5381	169	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	169	17	nurturing	nurture	VERB
easat-5381	169	18	responsible	responsible	ADJ
easat-5381	169	19	citizens	citizen	NOUN
easat-5381	169	20	who	who	PRON
easat-5381	169	21	promote	promote	VERB
easat-5381	169	22	social	social	ADJ
easat-5381	169	23	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
easat-5381	169	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	169	25	contribute	contribute	VERB
easat-5381	169	26	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	169	27	society	society	NOUN
easat-5381	169	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	169	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	169	30	guiding	guide	VERB
easat-5381	169	31	all	all	DET
easat-5381	169	32	our	our	PRON
easat-5381	169	33	students	student	NOUN
easat-5381	169	34	to	to	PART
easat-5381	169	35	realise	realise	VERB
easat-5381	169	36	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	169	37	full	full	ADJ
easat-5381	169	38	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-5381	169	39	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	169	40	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	169	41	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	169	42	[	[	X
easat-5381	169	43	32	32	NUM
easat-5381	169	44	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	169	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	170	1	however	however	ADV
easat-5381	170	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	170	3	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	170	4	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-5381	170	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	170	6	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	170	7	planning	planning	NOUN
easat-5381	170	8	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	170	9	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	170	10	should	should	AUX
easat-5381	170	11	be	be	AUX
easat-5381	170	12	not	not	PART
easat-5381	170	13	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	170	14	cohesive	cohesive	ADJ
easat-5381	170	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	170	16	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	170	17	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	170	18	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-5381	170	19	with	with	ADP
easat-5381	170	20	regard	regard	NOUN
easat-5381	170	21	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	170	22	the	the	DET
easat-5381	170	23	goals	goal	NOUN
easat-5381	170	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	170	25	ideological	ideological	ADJ
easat-5381	170	26	positions	position	NOUN
easat-5381	170	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	171	1	out	out	ADP
easat-5381	171	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5381	171	3	shows	show	VERB
easat-5381	171	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5381	171	5	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
easat-5381	171	6	between	between	ADP
easat-5381	171	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	171	8	within	within	ADP
easat-5381	171	9	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	171	10	can	can	AUX
easat-5381	171	11	cause	cause	VERB
easat-5381	171	12	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-5381	171	13	among	among	ADP
easat-5381	171	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	171	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	171	16	students	student	NOUN
easat-5381	171	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	171	18	parents	parent	NOUN
easat-5381	171	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	171	20	thus	thus	ADV
easat-5381	171	21	contributing	contribute	VERB
easat-5381	171	22	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	171	23	conflicting	conflicting	ADJ
easat-5381	171	24	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
easat-5381	171	25	towards	towards	ADP
easat-5381	171	26	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	171	27	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	171	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	171	29	mt	mt	PROPN
easat-5381	171	30	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-5381	171	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	172	1	such	such	ADJ
easat-5381	172	2	conflict	conflict	NOUN
easat-5381	172	3	920	920	NUM
easat-5381	172	4	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5381	172	5	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5381	172	6	science	science	NOUN
easat-5381	172	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	172	8	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5381	172	9	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5381	172	10	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	172	11	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5381	172	12	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	172	13	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5381	172	14	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	172	15	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	173	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	173	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	173	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	173	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	174	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5381	174	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	174	3	914	914	NUM
easat-5381	174	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	174	5	921	921	NUM
easat-5381	174	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	174	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	174	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5381	174	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	174	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	NUM
easat-5381	174	11	©	©	ADP
easat-5381	174	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	174	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	174	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	174	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5381	174	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	174	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5381	174	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	174	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5381	174	20	will	will	AUX
easat-5381	174	21	not	not	PART
easat-5381	174	22	only	only	ADV
easat-5381	174	23	hinder	hinder	VERB
easat-5381	174	24	the	the	DET
easat-5381	174	25	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	174	26	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	174	27	a	a	DET
easat-5381	174	28	‘	'	PUNCT
easat-5381	174	29	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-5381	174	30	foundation	foundation	NOUN
easat-5381	174	31	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	174	32	mtl	mtl	PROPN
easat-5381	174	33	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	174	34	’	'	PUNCT
easat-5381	174	35	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5381	174	36	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	174	37	impede	impede	VERB
easat-5381	174	38	the	the	DET
easat-5381	174	39	smooth	smooth	ADJ
easat-5381	174	40	transition	transition	NOUN
easat-5381	174	41	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	174	42	kindergarten	kindergarten	NOUN
easat-5381	174	43	to	to	ADP
easat-5381	174	44	primary	primary	ADJ
easat-5381	174	45	school	school	NOUN
easat-5381	174	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	175	1	transparency	transparency	NOUN
easat-5381	175	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	175	3	the	the	DET
easat-5381	175	4	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5381	175	5	confirm	confirm	VERB
easat-5381	175	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5381	175	7	the	the	DET
easat-5381	175	8	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
easat-5381	175	9	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	175	10	an	an	DET
easat-5381	175	11	honest	honest	ADJ
easat-5381	175	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	175	13	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-5381	175	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	175	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	175	16	transparent	transparent	ADJ
easat-5381	175	17	account	account	NOUN
easat-5381	175	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	175	19	the	the	DET
easat-5381	175	20	study	study	NOUN
easat-5381	175	21	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	175	22	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5381	175	23	no	no	DET
easat-5381	175	24	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-5381	175	25	features	feature	NOUN
easat-5381	175	26	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	175	27	the	the	DET
easat-5381	175	28	study	study	NOUN
easat-5381	175	29	have	have	AUX
easat-5381	175	30	been	be	AUX
easat-5381	175	31	omitted	omit	VERB
easat-5381	175	32	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	175	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	175	34	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5381	175	35	any	any	DET
easat-5381	175	36	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-5381	175	37	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	175	38	the	the	DET
easat-5381	175	39	study	study	NOUN
easat-5381	175	40	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5381	175	41	planned	plan	VERB
easat-5381	175	42	have	have	AUX
easat-5381	175	43	been	be	AUX
easat-5381	175	44	explained	explain	VERB
easat-5381	175	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	176	1	this	this	DET
easat-5381	176	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-5381	176	3	followed	follow	VERB
easat-5381	176	4	all	all	DET
easat-5381	176	5	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-5381	176	6	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-5381	176	7	during	during	ADP
easat-5381	176	8	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-5381	176	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	177	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
easat-5381	177	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	177	3	©	©	PROPN
easat-5381	177	4	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	177	5	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	177	6	the	the	DET
easat-5381	177	7	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5381	177	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	178	1	this	this	DET
easat-5381	178	2	open	open	ADJ
easat-5381	178	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	178	4	access	access	NOUN
easat-5381	178	5	article	article	NOUN
easat-5381	178	6	is	be	AUX
easat-5381	178	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-5381	178	8	under	under	ADP
easat-5381	178	9	the	the	DET
easat-5381	178	10	terms	term	NOUN
easat-5381	178	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	178	12	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-5381	178	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	178	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	178	15	creative	creative	ADJ
easat-5381	178	16	commons	common	NOUN
easat-5381	178	17	attribution	attribution	NOUN
easat-5381	178	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	178	19	cc	cc	NOUN
easat-5381	178	20	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	178	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	178	22	license	license	NOUN
easat-5381	178	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	178	24	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-5381	178	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	178	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	179	1	references	reference	NOUN
easat-5381	179	2	[	[	X
easat-5381	179	3	1	1	NUM
easat-5381	179	4	]	]	X
easat-5381	179	5	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5381	179	6	baker	baker	PROPN
easat-5381	179	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	179	8	foundations	foundation	NOUN
easat-5381	179	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	179	10	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	179	11	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	179	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	179	13	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
easat-5381	179	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	179	15	5th	5th	ADJ
easat-5381	179	16	ed	ed	NOUN
easat-5381	179	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	180	1	clevedon	clevedon	PROPN
easat-5381	180	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	180	3	uk	uk	PROPN
easat-5381	180	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	180	5	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	180	6	matters	matter	NOUN
easat-5381	180	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	180	8	2011	2011	NUM
easat-5381	180	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	181	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	181	2	2	2	NUM
easat-5381	181	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	181	4	p.-j	p.-j	NOUN
easat-5381	181	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	182	1	hsieh	hsieh	PROPN
easat-5381	182	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	182	3	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5381	182	4	chien	chien	PROPN
easat-5381	182	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	182	6	ming	ming	PROPN
easat-5381	182	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	182	8	r.-j	r.-j	PROPN
easat-5381	182	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	183	1	wang	wang	PROPN
easat-5381	183	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	183	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	183	4	k.-b	k.-b	PROPN
easat-5381	183	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	184	1	kuo	kuo	PROPN
easat-5381	184	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	184	3	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	184	4	large	large	ADJ
easat-5381	184	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	184	6	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-5381	184	7	survey	survey	NOUN
easat-5381	184	8	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	184	9	the	the	DET
easat-5381	184	10	elementary	elementary	ADJ
easat-5381	184	11	school	school	PROPN
easat-5381	184	12	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
easat-5381	184	13	achievements	achievement	NOUN
easat-5381	184	14	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	184	15	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	184	16	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	184	17	new	new	ADJ
easat-5381	184	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	184	19	immigrant	immigrant	NOUN
easat-5381	184	20	families	family	NOUN
easat-5381	184	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	184	22	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	184	23	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-5381	184	24	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	184	25	research	research	NOUN
easat-5381	184	26	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	184	27	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	184	28	sciences	science	NOUN
easat-5381	184	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	184	30	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	184	31	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	184	32	60	60	NUM
easat-5381	184	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	184	34	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	184	35	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	184	36	4	4	NUM
easat-5381	184	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	184	38	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-5381	184	39	93	93	NUM
easat-5381	184	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	184	41	2015	2015	NUM
easat-5381	184	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	185	1	https://doi.org/10.6209/jories.2015.60(4).04	https://doi.org/10.6209/jories.2015.60(4).04	PUNCT
easat-5381	185	2	[	[	X
easat-5381	185	3	3	3	NUM
easat-5381	185	4	]	]	X
easat-5381	185	5	f.	f.	PROPN
easat-5381	185	6	karen	karen	PROPN
easat-5381	185	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	185	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	185	9	we	we	PRON
easat-5381	185	10	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	185	11	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	185	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	185	13	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	185	14	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	185	15	to	to	PART
easat-5381	185	16	promote	promote	VERB
easat-5381	185	17	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5381	185	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	185	19	achievement	achievement	NOUN
easat-5381	185	20	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	185	21	schools	school	NOUN
easat-5381	185	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	185	23	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	185	24	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
easat-5381	185	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	185	26	https://www.lspjournal.com/post/we-are-multilingual-identity-education-to-promote-engagement	https://www.lspjournal.com/post/we-are-multilingual-identity-education-to-promote-engagement	ADJ
easat-5381	185	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	185	28	2022	2022	NUM
easat-5381	185	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	186	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	186	2	4	4	NUM
easat-5381	186	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	186	4	y.-h	y.-h	NOUN
easat-5381	186	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	1	shih	shih	NOUN
easat-5381	187	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	3	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	4	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	187	5	content	content	NOUN
easat-5381	187	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	187	7	‘	'	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	8	multiculturalism’for	multiculturalism’for	ADP
easat-5381	187	9	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	187	10	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	187	11	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
easat-5381	187	12	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	187	13	elementary	elementary	PROPN
easat-5381	187	14	schools	school	NOUN
easat-5381	187	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	16	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	17	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	187	18	futures	future	NOUN
easat-5381	187	19	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	187	20	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	187	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	22	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	187	23	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	187	24	18	18	NUM
easat-5381	187	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	26	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	187	27	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	187	28	8	8	NUM
easat-5381	187	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	30	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	187	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	32	1044	1044	NUM
easat-5381	187	33	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	187	34	1057	1057	NUM
easat-5381	187	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	36	2020	2020	NUM
easat-5381	187	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	187	38	https://doi.org/10.1177/1478210320911251	https://doi.org/10.1177/1478210320911251	PUNCT
easat-5381	188	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	188	2	5	5	NUM
easat-5381	188	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	188	4	y.-h	y.-h	NOUN
easat-5381	188	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	189	1	shih	shih	NOUN
easat-5381	189	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	189	3	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	189	4	designing	design	VERB
easat-5381	189	5	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-5381	189	6	responsive	responsive	ADJ
easat-5381	189	7	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	189	8	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-5381	189	9	to	to	PART
easat-5381	189	10	cultivate	cultivate	VERB
easat-5381	189	11	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	189	12	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	189	13	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	189	14	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5381	189	15	identities	identity	NOUN
easat-5381	189	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	189	17	a	a	DET
easat-5381	189	18	case	case	NOUN
easat-5381	189	19	study	study	NOUN
easat-5381	189	20	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	189	21	the	the	DET
easat-5381	189	22	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	189	23	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	189	24	a	a	DET
easat-5381	189	25	preschool	preschool	ADJ
easat-5381	189	26	local	local	ADJ
easat-5381	189	27	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	189	28	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	189	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	189	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	189	31	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	189	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	189	33	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	189	34	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	189	35	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	189	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	189	37	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	189	38	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	189	39	12	12	NUM
easat-5381	189	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	189	41	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-5381	189	42	1789	1789	NUM
easat-5381	189	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	189	44	2022	2022	NUM
easat-5381	189	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	190	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/children9121789	https://doi.org/10.3390/children9121789	ADJ
easat-5381	190	2	[	[	X
easat-5381	190	3	6	6	NUM
easat-5381	190	4	]	]	X
easat-5381	190	5	c.-c	c.-c	NOUN
easat-5381	190	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	191	1	wu	wu	PROPN
easat-5381	191	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	191	3	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	191	4	constructing	construct	VERB
easat-5381	191	5	counting	counting	NOUN
easat-5381	191	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	191	7	arithmetic	arithmetic	ADJ
easat-5381	191	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	191	9	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
easat-5381	191	10	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	191	11	kindergarteners	kindergartener	NOUN
easat-5381	191	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	191	13	a	a	DET
easat-5381	191	14	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
easat-5381	191	15	investigation	investigation	NOUN
easat-5381	191	16	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	191	17	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
easat-5381	191	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	191	19	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	191	20	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	191	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	191	22	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	191	23	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	191	24	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	191	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	191	26	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	191	27	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	191	28	12	12	NUM
easat-5381	191	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	191	30	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-5381	191	31	1994	1994	NUM
easat-5381	191	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	191	33	2022	2022	NUM
easat-5381	191	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	192	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/children9121994	https://doi.org/10.3390/children9121994	VERB
easat-5381	192	2	[	[	X
easat-5381	192	3	7	7	X
easat-5381	192	4	]	]	X
easat-5381	192	5	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5381	192	6	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5381	192	7	wu	wu	PROPN
easat-5381	192	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	192	9	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	192	10	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-5381	192	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	192	12	achievement	achievement	NOUN
easat-5381	192	13	goals	goal	NOUN
easat-5381	192	14	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	192	15	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	192	16	interests	interest	NOUN
easat-5381	192	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	192	18	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
easat-5381	192	19	performances	performance	NOUN
easat-5381	192	20	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	192	21	kindergarteners	kindergartener	NOUN
easat-5381	192	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	192	23	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	192	24	frontiers	frontier	NOUN
easat-5381	192	25	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	192	26	psychology	psychology	NOUN
easat-5381	192	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	192	28	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	192	29	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	192	30	14	14	NUM
easat-5381	192	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	192	32	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-5381	192	33	1156098	1156098	NUM
easat-5381	192	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	192	35	2023	2023	NUM
easat-5381	192	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	193	1	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1156098	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1156098	PROPN
easat-5381	194	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	194	2	8	8	NUM
easat-5381	194	3	]	]	X
easat-5381	194	4	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5381	194	5	li	li	PROPN
easat-5381	194	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	194	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	194	8	an	an	DET
easat-5381	194	9	investigation	investigation	NOUN
easat-5381	194	10	into	into	ADP
easat-5381	194	11	the	the	DET
easat-5381	194	12	adaptation	adaptation	NOUN
easat-5381	194	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	194	14	south	south	ADJ
easat-5381	194	15	asian	asian	ADJ
easat-5381	194	16	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	194	17	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	194	18	hong	hong	PROPN
easat-5381	194	19	kong	kong	PROPN
easat-5381	194	20	kindergartens	kindergartens	PROPN
easat-5381	194	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	194	22	a	a	DET
easat-5381	194	23	case	case	NOUN
easat-5381	194	24	study	study	NOUN
easat-5381	194	25	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	194	26	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-5381	194	27	responsive	responsive	ADJ
easat-5381	194	28	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	194	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	194	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	194	31	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
easat-5381	194	32	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	194	33	https://m.fx361.com/news/2016/1021/9028650.html	https://m.fx361.com/news/2016/1021/9028650.html	PROPN
easat-5381	194	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	195	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	195	2	accessed	access	VERB
easat-5381	195	3	2023	2023	NUM
easat-5381	195	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	196	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	196	2	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	196	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	196	4	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5381	196	5	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-5381	196	6	p.	p.	PROPN
easat-5381	196	7	ng	ng	PROPN
easat-5381	196	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	196	9	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	196	10	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	196	11	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	196	12	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	196	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	196	14	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	196	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	196	16	concerns	concern	NOUN
easat-5381	196	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	196	18	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-5381	196	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	196	20	controversies	controversy	NOUN
easat-5381	196	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	196	22	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	196	23	current	current	ADJ
easat-5381	196	24	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-5381	196	25	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	196	26	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	196	27	planning	planning	NOUN
easat-5381	196	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	196	29	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	196	30	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	196	31	15	15	NUM
easat-5381	196	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	196	33	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	196	34	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	196	35	4	4	NUM
easat-5381	196	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	196	37	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	196	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	197	1	361	361	NUM
easat-5381	197	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	197	3	375	375	NUM
easat-5381	197	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	197	5	2014	2014	NUM
easat-5381	197	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	198	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/14664208.2014.927093	https://doi.org/10.1080/14664208.2014.927093	PROPN
easat-5381	199	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	199	2	10	10	NUM
easat-5381	199	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	4	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-5381	199	5	zhao	zhao	PROPN
easat-5381	199	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	7	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-5381	199	8	y.	y.	PROPN
easat-5381	199	9	tam	tam	PROPN
easat-5381	199	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	199	12	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-5381	199	13	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-5381	199	14	woo	woo	PROPN
easat-5381	199	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	16	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	17	chinese	chinese	ADJ
easat-5381	199	18	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	199	19	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	199	20	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	199	21	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	199	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	23	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	199	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	199	25	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5381	199	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	28	hong	hong	PROPN
easat-5381	199	29	kong	kong	PROPN
easat-5381	199	30	teachers	teachers	PROPN
easat-5381	199	31	’	’	PART
easat-5381	199	32	centre	centre	PROPN
easat-5381	199	33	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-5381	199	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	199	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	199	37	18	18	NUM
easat-5381	199	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	39	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	199	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	41	99	99	NUM
easat-5381	199	42	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	199	43	113	113	NUM
easat-5381	199	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	199	45	2019	2019	NUM
easat-5381	199	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	200	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	200	2	11	11	NUM
easat-5381	200	3	]	]	X
easat-5381	200	4	ministry	ministry	PROPN
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easat-5381	200	6	education	education	PROPN
easat-5381	200	7	republic	republic	PROPN
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easat-5381	200	9	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	200	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	200	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	200	12	the	the	DET
easat-5381	200	13	nurturing	nurture	VERB
easat-5381	200	14	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	200	15	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5381	200	16	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5381	200	17	a	a	DET
easat-5381	200	18	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	200	19	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-5381	200	20	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	200	21	kindergartens	kindergarten	NOUN
easat-5381	200	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	200	23	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	200	24	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	200	25	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
easat-5381	200	26	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	200	27	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5381	200	28	chinese	chinese	PROPN
easat-5381	200	29	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	200	30	preschool	preschool	PROPN
easat-5381	200	31	republic	republic	PROPN
easat-5381	200	32	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	200	33	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	200	34	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	200	35	ministry	ministry	PROPN
easat-5381	200	36	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	200	37	education	education	PROPN
easat-5381	200	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	200	39	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	200	40	ministry	ministry	PROPN
easat-5381	200	41	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	200	42	education	education	PROPN
easat-5381	200	43	republic	republic	PROPN
easat-5381	200	44	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	200	45	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	200	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	200	47	2023	2023	NUM
easat-5381	200	48	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	201	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	201	2	12	12	NUM
easat-5381	201	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	201	4	y.-l	y.-l	NOUN
easat-5381	201	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	202	1	shao	shao	PROPN
easat-5381	202	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	202	3	y.-h	y.-h	PROPN
easat-5381	202	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	203	1	shih	shih	NOUN
easat-5381	203	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	203	3	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	203	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	203	5	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-5381	203	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	203	7	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-5381	203	8	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-5381	203	9	picture	picture	NOUN
easat-5381	203	10	books	book	NOUN
easat-5381	203	11	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	203	12	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	203	13	children	child	NOUN
easat-5381	203	14	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	203	15	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5381	203	16	expression	expression	NOUN
easat-5381	203	17	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5381	203	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	203	19	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	203	20	international	international	ADJ
easat-5381	203	21	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-5381	203	22	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	203	23	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	203	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	203	25	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5381	203	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	203	27	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	203	28	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	203	29	12	12	NUM
easat-5381	203	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	203	31	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	203	32	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	203	33	2	2	NUM
easat-5381	203	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	203	35	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	203	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	204	1	312	312	NUM
easat-5381	204	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	204	3	323	323	NUM
easat-5381	204	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	204	5	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5381	204	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	205	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	205	2	13	13	NUM
easat-5381	205	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	205	4	r.-j	r.-j	NOUN
easat-5381	205	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	206	1	wang	wang	PROPN
easat-5381	206	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	206	3	y.-h	y.-h	PROPN
easat-5381	206	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	207	1	shih	shih	NOUN
easat-5381	207	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	207	3	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	207	4	improving	improve	VERB
easat-5381	207	5	the	the	DET
easat-5381	207	6	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-5381	207	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	207	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	207	9	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	207	10	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	207	11	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
easat-5381	207	12	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	207	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	207	14	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
easat-5381	207	15	's	's	PART
easat-5381	207	16	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	207	17	system	system	NOUN
easat-5381	207	18	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	207	19	a	a	DET
easat-5381	207	20	systematic	systematic	ADJ
easat-5381	207	21	review	review	NOUN
easat-5381	207	22	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	207	23	the	the	DET
easat-5381	207	24	research	research	NOUN
easat-5381	207	25	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-5381	207	26	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	207	27	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5381	207	28	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	207	29	after	after	ADP
easat-5381	207	30	the	the	DET
easat-5381	207	31	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-5381	207	32	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	207	33	12	12	NUM
easat-5381	207	34	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	207	35	year	year	NOUN
easat-5381	207	36	national	national	ADJ
easat-5381	207	37	basic	basic	ADJ
easat-5381	207	38	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	207	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	207	40	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	207	41	frontiers	frontier	NOUN
easat-5381	207	42	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	207	43	psychology	psychology	NOUN
easat-5381	207	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	207	45	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	207	46	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	207	47	13	13	NUM
easat-5381	207	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	207	49	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-5381	207	50	921839	921839	NUM
easat-5381	207	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	207	52	2022	2022	NUM
easat-5381	207	53	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	208	1	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.921839	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.921839	PROPN
easat-5381	208	2	[	[	X
easat-5381	208	3	14	14	NUM
easat-5381	208	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	208	5	r.-j	r.-j	PROPN
easat-5381	208	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	209	1	wang	wang	PROPN
easat-5381	209	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	209	3	y.-h	y.-h	PROPN
easat-5381	209	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	210	1	shih	shih	NOUN
easat-5381	210	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	210	3	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	210	4	what	what	PRON
easat-5381	210	5	are	be	AUX
easat-5381	210	6	universities	university	NOUN
easat-5381	210	7	pursuing	pursue	VERB
easat-5381	210	8	?	?	PUNCT
easat-5381	211	1	a	a	DET
easat-5381	211	2	review	review	NOUN
easat-5381	211	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	211	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	211	5	quacquarelli	quacquarelli	PROPN
easat-5381	211	6	symonds	symond	VERB
easat-5381	211	7	world	world	PROPN
easat-5381	211	8	university	university	PROPN
easat-5381	211	9	rankings	ranking	NOUN
easat-5381	211	10	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	211	11	taiwanese	taiwanese	ADJ
easat-5381	211	12	universities	university	NOUN
easat-5381	211	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	211	14	2021–2023	2021–2023	NUM
easat-5381	211	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	211	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	211	17	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	211	18	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	211	19	frontiers	frontier	NOUN
easat-5381	211	20	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	211	21	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	211	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	211	23	2023	2023	NUM
easat-5381	211	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	211	25	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	211	26	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	211	27	8	8	NUM
easat-5381	211	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	211	29	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-5381	211	30	1185817	1185817	NUM
easat-5381	211	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	212	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	212	2	15	15	NUM
easat-5381	212	3	]	]	X
easat-5381	212	4	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-5381	212	5	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-5381	212	6	koh	koh	PROPN
easat-5381	212	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	212	8	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-5381	212	9	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-5381	212	10	o’brien	o’brien	PROPN
easat-5381	212	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	212	12	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	212	13	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	212	14	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	212	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	212	16	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	212	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	213	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	213	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	213	3	schwartz	schwartz	PROPN
easat-5381	213	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	213	5	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-5381	213	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	213	7	eds	ed	NOUN
easat-5381	213	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	213	9	handbook	handbook	NOUN
easat-5381	213	10	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	213	11	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	213	12	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	213	13	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	213	14	springer	springer	NOUN
easat-5381	213	15	international	international	ADJ
easat-5381	213	16	handbooks	handbook	NOUN
easat-5381	213	17	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	213	18	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	213	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	214	1	cham	cham	PROPN
easat-5381	214	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	214	3	springer	springer	NOUN
easat-5381	214	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	214	5	2022	2022	NUM
easat-5381	214	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	215	2	16	16	NUM
easat-5381	215	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	4	z.	z.	PROPN
easat-5381	215	5	deng	deng	PROPN
easat-5381	215	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	215	7	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-5381	215	8	gopinathan	gopinathan	PROPN
easat-5381	215	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	11	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-5381	215	12	school	school	NOUN
easat-5381	215	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	14	based	base	VERB
easat-5381	215	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	215	16	development	development	NOUN
easat-5381	215	17	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	215	18	the	the	DET
easat-5381	215	19	context	context	NOUN
easat-5381	215	20	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	215	21	new	new	ADJ
easat-5381	215	22	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5381	215	23	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
easat-5381	215	24	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	215	25	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	215	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	28	planning	planning	NOUN
easat-5381	215	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	215	30	changing	change	VERB
easat-5381	215	31	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	32	an	an	DET
easat-5381	215	33	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5381	215	34	leadership	leadership	NOUN
easat-5381	215	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	215	36	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	215	37	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-5381	215	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	39	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	215	40	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	215	41	37	37	NUM
easat-5381	215	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	43	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	215	44	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	215	45	1	1	NUM
easat-5381	215	46	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	215	47	2	2	NUM
easat-5381	215	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	49	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	215	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	51	93110	93110	NUM
easat-5381	215	52	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	215	53	2006	2006	NUM
easat-5381	215	54	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	216	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	216	2	17	17	NUM
easat-5381	216	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	216	4	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-5381	216	5	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-5381	216	6	koh	koh	PROPN
easat-5381	216	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	216	8	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-5381	216	9	gong	gong	PROPN
easat-5381	216	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	216	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	216	12	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-5381	216	13	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-5381	216	14	lye	lye	PROPN
easat-5381	216	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	216	16	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	216	17	alternative	alternative	ADJ
easat-5381	216	18	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-5381	216	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	216	20	the	the	DET
easat-5381	216	21	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	216	22	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	216	23	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	216	24	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	216	25	languages	language	NOUN
easat-5381	216	26	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	216	27	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	216	28	schools	school	NOUN
easat-5381	216	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	216	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	216	31	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	216	32	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	216	33	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
easat-5381	216	34	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	216	35	the	the	DET
easat-5381	216	36	redesigning	redesign	VERB
easat-5381	216	37	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
easat-5381	216	38	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	216	39	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5381	216	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	216	41	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-5381	216	42	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	216	43	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5381	216	44	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-5381	216	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	217	1	national	national	PROPN
easat-5381	217	2	institute	institute	PROPN
easat-5381	217	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	217	4	education	education	PROPN
easat-5381	217	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5381	217	6	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	217	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5381	217	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	217	9	2007	2007	NUM
easat-5381	217	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	218	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	218	2	18	18	NUM
easat-5381	218	3	]	]	X
easat-5381	218	4	sg101	sg101	PROPN
easat-5381	218	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	218	6	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	218	7	building	build	VERB
easat-5381	218	8	a	a	DET
easat-5381	218	9	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
easat-5381	218	10	singapore	singapore	NOUN
easat-5381	218	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	218	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	218	13	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
easat-5381	218	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	218	15	https://www.sg101.gov.sg/social-nationalidentity/multicultural/	https://www.sg101.gov.sg/social-nationalidentity/multicultural/	NOUN
easat-5381	218	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	218	17	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	218	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	219	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	219	2	19	19	NUM
easat-5381	219	3	]	]	X
easat-5381	219	4	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-5381	219	5	ozfidan	ozfidan	PROPN
easat-5381	219	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	219	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	219	8	right	right	ADV
easat-5381	219	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	219	10	knowing	know	VERB
easat-5381	219	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	219	12	using	use	VERB
easat-5381	219	13	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	219	14	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	219	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	219	16	a	a	DET
easat-5381	219	17	mixed	mixed	ADJ
easat-5381	219	18	method	method	NOUN
easat-5381	219	19	study	study	NOUN
easat-5381	219	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	219	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	219	22	english	english	ADJ
easat-5381	219	23	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	219	24	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	219	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	219	26	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	219	27	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	219	28	10	10	NUM
easat-5381	219	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	219	30	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	219	31	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	219	32	12	12	NUM
easat-5381	219	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	219	34	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	219	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	220	1	15	15	NUM
easat-5381	220	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	220	3	23	23	NUM
easat-5381	220	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	220	5	2017	2017	NUM
easat-5381	220	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	221	1	https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n12p15	https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n12p15	PROPN
easat-5381	221	2	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-5381	221	3	https://doi.org/10.6209/jories.2015.60(4).04	https://doi.org/10.6209/jories.2015.60(4).04	NOUN
easat-5381	221	4	https://www.lspjournal.com/post/we-are-multilingual-identity-education-to-promote-engagement	https://www.lspjournal.com/post/we-are-multilingual-identity-education-to-promote-engagement	NOUN
easat-5381	221	5	https://doi.org/10.1177/1478210320911251	https://doi.org/10.1177/1478210320911251	PROPN
easat-5381	221	6	https://doi.org/10.3390/children9121789	https://doi.org/10.3390/children9121789	ADJ
easat-5381	221	7	https://doi.org/10.3390/children9121994	https://doi.org/10.3390/children9121994	NOUN
easat-5381	221	8	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1156098	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1156098	PROPN
easat-5381	221	9	https://m.fx361.com/news/2016/1021/9028650.html	https://m.fx361.com/news/2016/1021/9028650.html	NOUN
easat-5381	221	10	https://doi.org/10.1080/14664208.2014.927093	https://doi.org/10.1080/14664208.2014.927093	PUNCT
easat-5381	222	1	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.921839	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.921839	PROPN
easat-5381	222	2	https://www.sg101.gov.sg/social-national-identity/multicultural/	https://www.sg101.gov.sg/social-national-identity/multicultural/	ADV
easat-5381	223	1	https://www.sg101.gov.sg/social-national-identity/multicultural/	https://www.sg101.gov.sg/social-national-identity/multicultural/	ADV
easat-5381	223	2	https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n12p15	https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n12p15	PROPN
easat-5381	223	3	921	921	NUM
easat-5381	223	4	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5381	223	5	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5381	223	6	science	science	NOUN
easat-5381	223	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	223	8	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5381	223	9	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5381	223	10	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	223	11	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5381	223	12	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	223	13	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5381	223	14	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	223	15	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	224	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	224	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	224	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	224	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	225	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5381	225	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	225	3	914	914	NUM
easat-5381	225	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	225	5	921	921	NUM
easat-5381	225	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	225	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	225	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5381	225	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	225	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5381	NUM
easat-5381	225	11	©	©	ADP
easat-5381	225	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	225	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5381	225	14	the	the	DET
easat-5381	225	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5381	225	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5381	225	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5381	225	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	225	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5381	226	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	226	2	20	20	NUM
easat-5381	226	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	226	4	m.-c	m.-c	NOUN
easat-5381	226	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	227	1	hsu	hsu	PROPN
easat-5381	227	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	227	3	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	227	4	the	the	DET
easat-5381	227	5	study	study	NOUN
easat-5381	227	6	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	227	7	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-5381	227	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	227	9	dilemma	dilemma	NOUN
easat-5381	227	10	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	227	11	hakka	hakka	PROPN
easat-5381	227	12	immersion	immersion	PROPN
easat-5381	227	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5381	227	14	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	227	15	taoyuan	taoyuan	PROPN
easat-5381	227	16	preschool	preschool	PROPN
easat-5381	227	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	227	18	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	227	19	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-5381	227	20	early	early	ADJ
easat-5381	227	21	child	child	NOUN
easat-5381	227	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	228	1	educ	educ	PROPN
easat-5381	228	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	229	1	care	care	NOUN
easat-5381	229	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	229	3	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	229	4	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	229	5	26	26	NUM
easat-5381	229	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	229	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	229	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	230	1	1	1	NUM
easat-5381	230	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	230	3	21	21	NUM
easat-5381	230	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	230	5	2022	2022	NUM
easat-5381	230	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	231	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	231	2	21	21	NUM
easat-5381	231	3	]	]	X
easat-5381	231	4	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5381	231	5	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5381	231	6	wu	wu	PROPN
easat-5381	231	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	231	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	231	9	the	the	DET
easat-5381	231	10	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-5381	231	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	231	12	hakka	hakka	PROPN
easat-5381	231	13	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	231	14	programs	program	NOUN
easat-5381	231	15	on	on	ADP
easat-5381	231	16	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	231	17	interests	interest	NOUN
easat-5381	231	18	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	231	19	kindergarteners	kindergartener	NOUN
easat-5381	231	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	231	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	231	22	international	international	ADJ
easat-5381	231	23	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-5381	231	24	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	231	25	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	231	26	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	231	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	231	28	bilingualism	bilingualism	NOUN
easat-5381	231	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	231	30	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	231	31	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	231	32	27	27	NUM
easat-5381	231	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	231	34	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	231	35	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	231	36	8	8	NUM
easat-5381	231	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	231	38	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	231	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	232	1	1142	1142	NUM
easat-5381	232	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	232	3	1152	1152	NUM
easat-5381	232	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	232	5	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5381	232	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	233	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2024.2345709	https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2024.2345709	PROPN
easat-5381	234	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	234	2	22	22	NUM
easat-5381	234	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	234	4	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-5381	234	5	li	li	PROPN
easat-5381	234	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	234	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	234	8	the	the	DET
easat-5381	234	9	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-5381	234	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	234	11	influence	influence	NOUN
easat-5381	234	12	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	234	13	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	234	14	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	234	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	234	16	english	english	PROPN
easat-5381	234	17	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	234	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5381	234	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	234	20	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	234	21	lecture	lecture	NOUN
easat-5381	234	22	notes	note	NOUN
easat-5381	234	23	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	234	24	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	234	25	psychology	psychology	NOUN
easat-5381	234	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	234	27	public	public	ADJ
easat-5381	234	28	media	medium	NOUN
easat-5381	234	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	234	30	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	234	31	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	234	32	35	35	NUM
easat-5381	234	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	234	34	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	234	35	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	234	36	1	1	NUM
easat-5381	234	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	234	38	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	234	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	234	40	266	266	NUM
easat-5381	234	41	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	234	42	270	270	NUM
easat-5381	234	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	234	44	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5381	234	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	235	1	https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/35/20232136	https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/35/20232136	ADJ
easat-5381	235	2	[	[	X
easat-5381	235	3	23	23	NUM
easat-5381	235	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	235	5	y.-h	y.-h	NOUN
easat-5381	235	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	236	1	shih	shih	NOUN
easat-5381	236	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	236	3	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	236	4	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-5381	236	5	responsive	responsive	ADJ
easat-5381	236	6	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5381	236	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	236	8	a	a	DET
easat-5381	236	9	systematic	systematic	ADJ
easat-5381	236	10	overview	overview	NOUN
easat-5381	236	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	236	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	236	13	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5381	236	14	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5381	236	15	science	science	NOUN
easat-5381	236	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	236	17	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5381	236	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	236	19	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	236	20	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	236	21	8	8	NUM
easat-5381	236	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	236	23	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	236	24	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	236	25	6	6	NUM
easat-5381	236	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	236	27	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	236	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	236	29	6917	6917	NUM
easat-5381	236	30	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	236	31	6925	6925	NUM
easat-5381	236	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	236	33	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5381	236	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	237	1	https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v8i6.3493	https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v8i6.3493	PROPN
easat-5381	238	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	238	2	24	24	NUM
easat-5381	238	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	238	4	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-5381	238	5	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-5381	238	6	tan	tan	PROPN
easat-5381	238	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	238	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	238	9	do	do	AUX
easat-5381	238	10	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
easat-5381	238	11	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-5381	238	12	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	238	13	also	also	ADV
easat-5381	238	14	improve	improve	VERB
easat-5381	238	15	socio	socio	NOUN
easat-5381	238	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5381	238	17	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-5381	238	18	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-5381	238	19	?	?	PUNCT
easat-5381	239	1	a	a	DET
easat-5381	239	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-5381	239	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	239	4	residential	residential	ADJ
easat-5381	239	5	segregation	segregation	NOUN
easat-5381	239	6	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	239	7	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	239	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	239	9	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	239	10	urban	urban	ADJ
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easat-5381	239	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	239	13	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	239	14	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	239	15	60	60	NUM
easat-5381	239	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	239	17	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	239	18	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	239	19	4	4	NUM
easat-5381	239	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	239	21	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	239	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	240	1	696	696	NUM
easat-5381	240	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	240	3	717	717	NUM
easat-5381	240	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	240	5	2023	2023	NUM
easat-5381	240	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	240	7	https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980221117918	https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980221117918	NOUN
easat-5381	241	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	241	2	25	25	NUM
easat-5381	241	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5381	241	4	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5381	241	5	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-5381	241	6	lee	lee	PROPN
easat-5381	241	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	241	8	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5381	241	9	p.	p.	PROPN
easat-5381	241	10	phua	phua	PROPN
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easat-5381	241	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	241	13	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	241	14	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	241	15	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	241	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	241	17	one	one	NUM
easat-5381	241	18	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-5381	241	19	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-5381	241	21	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
easat-5381	241	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	241	23	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-5381	241	25	of	of	ADP
easat-5381	241	26	asian	asian	PROPN
easat-5381	241	27	pacific	pacific	PROPN
easat-5381	241	28	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5381	241	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	241	30	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	241	31	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	241	32	30	30	NUM
easat-5381	241	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	241	34	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	241	35	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	241	36	1	1	NUM
easat-5381	241	37	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	241	38	2	2	NUM
easat-5381	241	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	241	40	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	241	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	242	1	90	90	NUM
easat-5381	242	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5381	242	3	114	114	NUM
easat-5381	242	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	242	5	2020	2020	NUM
easat-5381	242	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	242	7	https://doi.org/10.1075/japc.00046.lee	https://doi.org/10.1075/japc.00046.lee	PROPN
easat-5381	243	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	243	2	26	26	NUM
easat-5381	243	3	]	]	X
easat-5381	243	4	q.	q.	PROPN
easat-5381	243	5	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-5381	243	6	o.	o.	PROPN
easat-5381	243	7	britney	britney	PROPN
easat-5381	243	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	243	9	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-5381	243	10	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5381	243	11	lee	lee	PROPN
easat-5381	243	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	243	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	243	14	y.	y.	PROPN
easat-5381	243	15	peidong	peidong	PROPN
easat-5381	243	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	243	17	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	243	18	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
easat-5381	243	19	parents	parent	NOUN
easat-5381	243	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	243	21	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	243	22	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	243	23	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	243	24	education	education	NOUN
easat-5381	243	25	in	in	ADP
easat-5381	243	26	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-5381	243	27	’s	’s	PART
easat-5381	243	28	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
easat-5381	243	29	system	system	NOUN
easat-5381	243	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	243	31	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	243	32	hsse	hsse	PROPN
easat-5381	243	33	online	online	ADV
easat-5381	243	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	243	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5381	243	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-5381	243	37	12	12	NUM
easat-5381	243	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	243	39	no	no	INTJ
easat-5381	243	40	.	.	NOUN
easat-5381	243	41	1	1	NUM
easat-5381	243	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	243	43	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5381	243	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	243	45	1629	1629	NUM
easat-5381	243	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	243	47	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5381	243	48	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	244	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	244	2	27	27	NUM
easat-5381	244	3	]	]	X
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easat-5381	244	7	republic	republic	PROPN
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easat-5381	244	10	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-5381	244	12	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
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easat-5381	244	14	for	for	SCONJ
easat-5381	244	15	students	student	NOUN
easat-5381	244	16	to	to	PART
easat-5381	244	17	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5381	244	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	244	19	use	use	VERB
easat-5381	244	20	their	their	PRON
easat-5381	244	21	mother	mother	NOUN
easat-5381	244	22	tongue	tongue	NOUN
easat-5381	244	23	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	244	24	from	from	ADP
easat-5381	244	25	young	young	ADJ
easat-5381	244	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	244	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5381	244	28	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
easat-5381	244	29	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	244	30	https://www.moe.gov.sg/news/press-releases/20240914-strengtheningefforts-for-students-to	https://www.moe.gov.sg/news/press-releases/20240914-strengtheningefforts-for-students-to	NOUN
easat-5381	244	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	244	32	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5381	244	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	245	1	[	[	X
easat-5381	245	2	28	28	NUM
easat-5381	245	3	]	]	X
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easat-5381	245	5	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-5381	245	6	fang	fang	PROPN
easat-5381	245	7	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-5381	245	11	tongue	tongue	NOUN
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easat-5381	245	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5381	245	14	for	for	ADP
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easat-5381	245	16	at	at	ADP
easat-5381	245	17	two	two	NUM
easat-5381	245	18	new	new	ADJ
easat-5381	245	19	moe	moe	NOUN
easat-5381	245	20	-	-	PUNCT
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easat-5381	245	22	pre	pre	NOUN
easat-5381	245	23	-	-	NOUN
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easat-5381	245	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	245	26	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-5381	245	28	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5381	245	29	https://www.ntu.edu.sg/nie/news-events/news/detail/more-mother-tongue-language-learning-for-children-at-twonew-moe-run-pre-schools-from-2025	https://www.ntu.edu.sg/nie/news-events/news/detail/more-mother-tongue-language-learning-for-children-at-twonew-moe-run-pre-schools-from-2025	PROPN
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easat-5381	246	2	29	29	NUM
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easat-5381	246	4	x.	x.	PROPN
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easat-5381	246	7	-	-	PUNCT
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easat-5381	246	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5381	246	10	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-5381	246	11	sun	sun	PROPN
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easat-5381	246	17	:	:	PUNCT
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easat-5381	246	19	and	and	CCONJ
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easat-5381	246	21	in	in	ADP
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easat-5381	246	30	and	and	CCONJ
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easat-5381	246	32	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-5381	246	34	.	.	PROPN
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easat-5381	246	40	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-5381	246	42	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-5381	247	2	-	-	SYM
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easat-5381	247	4	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-5381	247	6	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-5381	249	13	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-5381	249	18	:	:	PUNCT
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easat-5381	249	21	language	language	NOUN
easat-5381	249	22	development	development	NOUN
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easat-5381	251	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-5381	251	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5381	252	1	shih	shih	NOUN
easat-5381	252	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5381	252	3	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-5381	252	11	:	:	PUNCT
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easat-5381	252	31	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-5381	252	34	9	9	NUM
easat-5381	252	35	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-5381	253	14	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-5381	253	18	for	for	ADP
easat-5381	253	19	a	a	DET
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easat-5381	254	11	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-5381	254	13	.	.	PUNCT
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