id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
easat-5853	1	1	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	1	2	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	1	3	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	1	5	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	1	6	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	1	8	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	1	9	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	1	10	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	1	12	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	2	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	2	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	2	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	2	5	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	2	7	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	2	8	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	2	9	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	2	10	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	2	11	publisher	publisher	NOUN
easat-5853	2	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	2	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	2	14	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5853	2	15	doi	doi	PROPN
easat-5853	2	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	2	17	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	2	18	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	2	19	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	2	20	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	2	21	the	the	DET
easat-5853	2	22	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	2	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	3	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	3	2	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	3	3	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5853	3	4	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	3	5	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	3	6	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	3	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	3	8	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	3	9	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	3	10	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	3	11	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	3	12	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5853	3	13	history	history	NOUN
easat-5853	3	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	3	15	received	receive	VERB
easat-5853	3	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	3	17	20	20	NUM
easat-5853	3	18	january	january	NOUN
easat-5853	3	19	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	3	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	3	21	revised	revise	VERB
easat-5853	3	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	3	23	20	20	NUM
easat-5853	3	24	march	march	NOUN
easat-5853	3	25	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	3	26	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	3	27	accepted	accept	VERB
easat-5853	3	28	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	3	29	24	24	NUM
easat-5853	3	30	march	march	NOUN
easat-5853	3	31	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	3	32	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	3	33	published	publish	VERB
easat-5853	3	34	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	3	35	29	29	NUM
easat-5853	3	36	march	march	NOUN
easat-5853	3	37	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	3	38	*	*	PUNCT
easat-5853	3	39	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
easat-5853	3	40	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	4	1	jordan.taeza@g.batstate-u.edu.ph	jordan.taeza@g.batstate-u.edu.ph	PROPN
easat-5853	4	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	4	3	role	role	NOUN
easat-5853	4	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	4	5	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	4	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	4	7	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	4	8	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	4	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	4	10	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	4	11	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	4	12	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	4	13	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	4	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	4	15	an	an	DET
easat-5853	4	16	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-5853	4	17	investigation	investigation	NOUN
easat-5853	4	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	4	19	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	4	20	ai	ai	PROPN
easat-5853	4	21	assistants	assistant	NOUN
easat-5853	4	22	jordan	jordan	PROPN
easat-5853	4	23	taeza1	taeza1	PROPN
easat-5853	4	24	*	*	PUNCT
easat-5853	4	25	1batangas	1batangas	NUM
easat-5853	4	26	state	state	NOUN
easat-5853	4	27	university	university	NOUN
easat-5853	4	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	4	29	philippines	philippine	NOUN
easat-5853	4	30	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	4	31	jordan.taeza@g.batstate-u.edu.ph	jordan.taeza@g.batstate-u.edu.ph	PROPN
easat-5853	4	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	4	33	j.t	j.t	PROPN
easat-5853	4	34	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	4	35	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	5	1	abstract	abstract	NOUN
easat-5853	5	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	5	3	this	this	DET
easat-5853	5	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	5	5	explores	explore	VERB
easat-5853	5	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	5	7	role	role	NOUN
easat-5853	5	8	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	5	9	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	5	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	5	11	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	5	12	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	5	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	5	14	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	5	15	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	5	16	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	5	17	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	5	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	5	19	sla	sla	PROPN
easat-5853	5	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	5	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	5	22	focusing	focus	VERB
easat-5853	5	23	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	5	24	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	5	25	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	5	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	5	27	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	5	28	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	5	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	5	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	5	31	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	5	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	6	1	a	a	DET
easat-5853	6	2	mixedmethods	mixedmethod	NOUN
easat-5853	6	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	6	4	quasi	quasi	ADJ
easat-5853	6	5	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	6	6	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	6	7	design	design	NOUN
easat-5853	6	8	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	6	9	employed	employ	VERB
easat-5853	6	10	involving	involve	VERB
easat-5853	6	11	60	60	NUM
easat-5853	6	12	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
easat-5853	6	13	esl	esl	NOUN
easat-5853	6	14	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	6	15	divided	divide	VERB
easat-5853	6	16	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	6	17	a	a	DET
easat-5853	6	18	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	6	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	6	20	assisted	assist	VERB
easat-5853	6	21	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	6	22	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	6	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	6	24	a	a	DET
easat-5853	6	25	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	6	26	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	6	27	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	6	28	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	6	29	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	6	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	7	1	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	7	2	six	six	NUM
easat-5853	7	3	weeks	week	NOUN
easat-5853	7	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	7	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	7	6	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	7	7	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	7	8	engaged	engage	VERB
easat-5853	7	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	7	10	structured	structured	ADJ
easat-5853	7	11	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	7	12	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	7	13	a	a	DET
easat-5853	7	14	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	7	15	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	7	16	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	7	17	offering	offer	VERB
easat-5853	7	18	real	real	ADJ
easat-5853	7	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	7	20	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	7	21	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	7	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	8	1	preand	preand	VERB
easat-5853	8	2	post	post	ADJ
easat-5853	8	3	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	8	4	tests	test	NOUN
easat-5853	8	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	8	6	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	8	7	surveys	survey	NOUN
easat-5853	8	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	8	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	8	10	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	8	11	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	8	12	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	8	13	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	8	14	data	data	NOUN
easat-5853	8	15	collection	collection	NOUN
easat-5853	8	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	9	1	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	9	2	revealed	reveal	VERB
easat-5853	9	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	9	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	9	5	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	9	6	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	9	7	showed	show	VERB
easat-5853	9	8	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-5853	9	9	higher	high	ADJ
easat-5853	9	10	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	9	11	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	9	12	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	9	13	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	9	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	9	15	greater	great	ADJ
easat-5853	9	16	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	9	17	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	9	18	willingness	willingness	NOUN
easat-5853	9	19	to	to	PART
easat-5853	9	20	communicate	communicate	VERB
easat-5853	9	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	9	22	self	self	NOUN
easat-5853	9	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	9	24	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	9	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	10	1	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	10	2	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	10	3	highlighted	highlight	VERB
easat-5853	10	4	increased	increase	VERB
easat-5853	10	5	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	10	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	10	7	reduced	reduce	VERB
easat-5853	10	8	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
easat-5853	10	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	10	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	10	11	high	high	ADJ
easat-5853	10	12	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	10	13	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-5853	10	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	10	15	though	though	SCONJ
easat-5853	10	16	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	10	17	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	10	18	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	10	19	repetitive	repetitive	ADJ
easat-5853	10	20	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	10	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	10	22	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-5853	10	23	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	10	24	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5853	10	25	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	10	26	noted	note	VERB
easat-5853	10	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	11	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	11	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	11	3	concludes	conclude	VERB
easat-5853	11	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	11	5	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	11	6	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	11	7	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	11	8	serve	serve	VERB
easat-5853	11	9	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	11	10	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-5853	11	11	supplemental	supplemental	ADJ
easat-5853	11	12	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	11	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	11	14	sla	sla	PROPN
easat-5853	11	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	11	16	especially	especially	ADV
easat-5853	11	17	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	11	18	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	11	19	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5853	11	20	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	11	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	11	22	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	11	23	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
easat-5853	11	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	12	1	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-5853	12	2	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-5853	12	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	12	4	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-5853	12	5	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	12	6	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	12	7	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	12	8	curricula	curricula	NOUN
easat-5853	12	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	12	10	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-5853	12	11	speaking	speaking	NOUN
easat-5853	12	12	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	12	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	12	14	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-5853	12	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	12	16	contexts	context	NOUN
easat-5853	12	17	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	12	18	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-5853	12	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	12	20	availability	availability	NOUN
easat-5853	12	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	13	1	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-5853	13	2	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	13	3	advised	advise	VERB
easat-5853	13	4	to	to	PART
easat-5853	13	5	blend	blend	VERB
easat-5853	13	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	13	7	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	13	8	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	13	9	guided	guide	VERB
easat-5853	13	10	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-5853	13	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	13	12	monitor	monitor	VERB
easat-5853	13	13	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	13	14	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	13	15	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-5853	13	16	to	to	PART
easat-5853	13	17	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	13	18	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
easat-5853	13	19	alignment	alignment	NOUN
easat-5853	13	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	14	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
easat-5853	14	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	14	3	ai	ai	AUX
easat-5853	14	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	14	5	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	14	6	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	14	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	14	8	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-5853	14	9	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
easat-5853	14	10	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	14	11	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	14	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	14	13	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	14	14	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	14	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	14	16	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5853	14	17	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	14	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	14	19	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	14	20	fluency	fluency	NOUN
easat-5853	14	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	14	22	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	14	23	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	14	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	14	25	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	14	26	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	14	27	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	14	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	14	29	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	14	30	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	14	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	15	1	1	1	X
easat-5853	15	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	15	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-5853	15	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	15	5	rise	rise	NOUN
easat-5853	15	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	15	7	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-5853	15	8	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
easat-5853	15	9	has	have	AUX
easat-5853	15	10	introduced	introduce	VERB
easat-5853	15	11	new	new	ADJ
easat-5853	15	12	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-5853	15	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	15	14	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	15	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	15	16	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-5853	15	17	through	through	ADP
easat-5853	15	18	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	15	19	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	15	20	assistants	assistant	NOUN
easat-5853	15	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	15	22	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	15	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	15	24	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	15	25	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	15	26	interact	interact	VERB
easat-5853	15	27	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	15	28	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	15	29	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	15	30	natural	natural	ADJ
easat-5853	15	31	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	15	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	16	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	16	2	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	16	3	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	16	4	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	16	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	16	6	sla	sla	PROPN
easat-5853	16	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	16	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	16	9	practicing	practice	VERB
easat-5853	16	10	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5853	16	11	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	16	12	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-5853	16	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	16	14	yet	yet	CCONJ
easat-5853	16	15	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	16	16	often	often	ADV
easat-5853	16	17	face	face	VERB
easat-5853	16	18	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-5853	16	19	access	access	NOUN
easat-5853	16	20	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	16	21	fluent	fluent	ADJ
easat-5853	16	22	speakers	speaker	NOUN
easat-5853	16	23	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	16	24	fear	fear	NOUN
easat-5853	16	25	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	16	26	making	make	VERB
easat-5853	16	27	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	16	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	17	1	ai	ai	AUX
easat-5853	17	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	17	3	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	17	4	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	17	5	offer	offer	VERB
easat-5853	17	6	a	a	DET
easat-5853	17	7	potential	potential	ADJ
easat-5853	17	8	solution	solution	NOUN
easat-5853	17	9	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	17	10	providing	provide	VERB
easat-5853	17	11	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	17	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	17	13	demand	demand	NOUN
easat-5853	17	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	17	15	non	non	ADJ
easat-5853	17	16	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	17	17	judgmental	judgmental	ADJ
easat-5853	17	18	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	17	19	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	17	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	18	1	these	these	DET
easat-5853	18	2	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	18	3	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	18	4	simulate	simulate	VERB
easat-5853	18	5	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	18	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	18	7	like	like	ADJ
easat-5853	18	8	dialogue	dialogue	NOUN
easat-5853	18	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	18	10	answer	answer	NOUN
easat-5853	18	11	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	18	12	questions	question	NOUN
easat-5853	18	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	18	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	18	15	give	give	VERB
easat-5853	18	16	instant	instant	ADJ
easat-5853	18	17	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	18	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	18	19	creating	create	VERB
easat-5853	18	20	a	a	DET
easat-5853	18	21	personalized	personalized	ADJ
easat-5853	18	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	18	23	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-5853	18	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	18	25	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-5853	18	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	19	1	early	early	ADJ
easat-5853	19	2	applications	application	NOUN
easat-5853	19	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	19	4	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	19	5	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	19	6	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	19	7	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	19	8	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	19	9	shown	show	VERB
easat-5853	19	10	promise	promise	NOUN
easat-5853	19	11	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	19	12	increasing	increase	VERB
easat-5853	19	13	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	19	14	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	19	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	19	16	providing	provide	VERB
easat-5853	19	17	24/7	24/7	NOUN
easat-5853	19	18	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	19	19	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-5853	19	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	20	1	however	however	ADV
easat-5853	20	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	20	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	20	4	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-5853	20	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	20	6	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	20	7	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	20	8	improving	improve	VERB
easat-5853	20	9	actual	actual	ADJ
easat-5853	20	10	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	20	11	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	20	12	requires	require	VERB
easat-5853	20	13	careful	careful	ADJ
easat-5853	20	14	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-5853	20	15	investigation	investigation	NOUN
easat-5853	20	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	20	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	20	18	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-5853	20	19	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	20	20	raised	raise	VERB
easat-5853	20	21	concerns	concern	NOUN
easat-5853	20	22	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	20	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	20	24	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	20	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	20	26	proper	proper	ADJ
easat-5853	20	27	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-5853	20	28	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	20	29	this	this	DET
easat-5853	20	30	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	20	31	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	20	32	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5853	20	33	[	[	X
easat-5853	20	34	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	20	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	20	36	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	20	37	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	20	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	21	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	21	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	21	3	presents	present	VERB
easat-5853	21	4	a	a	DET
easat-5853	21	5	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	21	6	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-5853	21	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	21	8	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	21	9	an	an	DET
easat-5853	21	10	expanded	expand	VERB
easat-5853	21	11	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-5853	21	12	review	review	NOUN
easat-5853	21	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	21	14	detailed	detail	VERB
easat-5853	21	15	mixed	mixed	ADJ
easat-5853	21	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	21	17	methods	method	NOUN
easat-5853	21	18	methodology	methodology	NOUN
easat-5853	21	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	21	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	21	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	21	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	21	23	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-5853	21	24	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	21	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	21	26	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-5853	21	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	22	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	22	2	goal	goal	NOUN
easat-5853	22	3	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	22	4	to	to	PART
easat-5853	22	5	examine	examine	VERB
easat-5853	22	6	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	22	7	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	22	8	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	22	9	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	22	10	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	22	11	sla	sla	PROPN
easat-5853	22	12	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	22	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	22	14	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-5853	22	15	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	22	16	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	22	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	22	18	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	22	19	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	22	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	22	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	22	22	to	to	PART
easat-5853	22	23	identify	identify	VERB
easat-5853	22	24	the	the	DET
easat-5853	22	25	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-5853	22	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	22	27	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	22	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	22	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	22	30	future	future	ADJ
easat-5853	22	31	directions	direction	NOUN
easat-5853	22	32	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	22	33	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	22	34	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	22	35	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	22	36	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	22	37	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	22	38	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	22	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	23	1	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	23	2	synthesizing	synthesize	VERB
easat-5853	23	3	current	current	ADJ
easat-5853	23	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	23	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	23	6	presenting	present	VERB
easat-5853	23	7	hypothetical	hypothetical	ADJ
easat-5853	23	8	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	23	9	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	23	10	a	a	DET
easat-5853	23	11	controlled	control	VERB
easat-5853	23	12	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	23	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	23	14	2617	2617	NUM
easat-5853	23	15	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	23	16	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	23	17	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	23	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	23	19	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	23	20	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	23	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	23	22	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	23	23	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	23	24	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	23	25	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	23	26	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	24	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	24	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	24	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	24	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	25	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	25	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	25	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	25	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	25	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	25	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	25	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	25	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	25	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	25	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	25	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	25	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	25	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	25	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	25	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	25	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	25	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	25	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	25	19	gate	gate	VERB
easat-5853	25	20	the	the	DET
easat-5853	25	21	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	25	22	aims	aim	VERB
easat-5853	25	23	to	to	PART
easat-5853	25	24	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	25	25	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-5853	25	26	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	25	27	the	the	DET
easat-5853	25	28	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
easat-5853	25	29	value	value	NOUN
easat-5853	25	30	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	25	31	ai	ai	PROPN
easat-5853	25	32	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	25	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	25	34	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
easat-5853	25	35	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	25	36	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	25	37	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-5853	25	38	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	25	39	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-5853	25	40	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	25	41	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-5853	25	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	26	1	2	2	X
easat-5853	26	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	26	3	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-5853	26	4	review	review	VERB
easat-5853	26	5	2.1	2.1	NUM
easat-5853	26	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	27	1	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	27	2	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	27	3	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	27	4	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	27	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	27	6	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	27	7	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	27	8	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-5853	27	9	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
easat-5853	27	10	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	27	11	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	27	12	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
easat-5853	27	13	been	be	AUX
easat-5853	27	14	adopted	adopt	VERB
easat-5853	27	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	27	16	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5853	27	17	settings	setting	NOUN
easat-5853	27	18	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	27	19	various	various	ADJ
easat-5853	27	20	purposes	purpose	NOUN
easat-5853	27	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	27	22	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	27	23	answering	answer	VERB
easat-5853	27	24	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	27	25	queries	query	NOUN
easat-5853	27	26	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	27	27	serving	serve	VERB
easat-5853	27	28	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	27	29	virtual	virtual	ADJ
easat-5853	27	30	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5853	27	31	assistants	assistant	NOUN
easat-5853	27	32	[	[	X
easat-5853	27	33	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	27	34	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	27	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	28	1	a	a	DET
easat-5853	28	2	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-5853	28	3	systematic	systematic	ADJ
easat-5853	28	4	review	review	NOUN
easat-5853	28	5	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	28	6	labadze	labadze	NOUN
easat-5853	28	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	28	8	et	et	PROPN
easat-5853	28	9	al	al	PROPN
easat-5853	28	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	29	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	29	2	1	1	X
easat-5853	29	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	29	4	found	find	VERB
easat-5853	29	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	29	6	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	29	7	benefit	benefit	VERB
easat-5853	29	8	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	29	9	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	29	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	29	11	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	29	12	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	29	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	29	14	several	several	ADJ
easat-5853	29	15	key	key	ADJ
easat-5853	29	16	ways	way	NOUN
easat-5853	29	17	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	29	18	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	29	19	receive	receive	VERB
easat-5853	29	20	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	29	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	29	22	demand	demand	NOUN
easat-5853	29	23	homework	homework	NOUN
easat-5853	29	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	29	25	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	29	26	assistance	assistance	NOUN
easat-5853	29	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	29	28	experience	experience	VERB
easat-5853	29	29	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	29	30	personalized	personalized	ADJ
easat-5853	29	31	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	29	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	29	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	29	34	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	29	35	develop	develop	VERB
easat-5853	29	36	various	various	ADJ
easat-5853	29	37	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	29	38	through	through	ADP
easat-5853	29	39	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-5853	29	40	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	29	41	[	[	X
easat-5853	29	42	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	29	43	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	29	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	30	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	30	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	30	3	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	30	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	30	5	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	30	6	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	30	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	30	8	these	these	DET
easat-5853	30	9	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-5853	30	10	translate	translate	VERB
easat-5853	30	11	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	30	12	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	30	13	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-5853	30	14	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	30	15	authentic	authentic	ADJ
easat-5853	30	16	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	30	17	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	30	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	30	19	individualized	individualized	ADJ
easat-5853	30	20	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	30	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	31	1	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	31	2	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	31	3	engage	engage	VERB
easat-5853	31	4	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	31	5	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	31	6	dialogue	dialogue	NOUN
easat-5853	31	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	31	8	based	base	VERB
easat-5853	31	9	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	31	10	tailored	tailor	VERB
easat-5853	31	11	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	31	12	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	31	13	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	31	14	level	level	NOUN
easat-5853	31	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	31	16	providing	provide	VERB
easat-5853	31	17	instant	instant	ADJ
easat-5853	31	18	explanations	explanation	NOUN
easat-5853	31	19	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	31	20	corrections	correction	NOUN
easat-5853	31	21	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	31	22	needed	need	VERB
easat-5853	31	23	[	[	X
easat-5853	31	24	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	31	25	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	31	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	32	1	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	32	2	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	32	3	available	available	ADJ
easat-5853	32	4	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	32	5	any	any	DET
easat-5853	32	6	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	32	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	32	8	allowing	allow	VERB
easat-5853	32	9	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	32	10	to	to	PART
easat-5853	32	11	practice	practice	VERB
easat-5853	32	12	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	32	13	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	32	14	writing	write	VERB
easat-5853	32	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	32	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	32	17	target	target	NOUN
easat-5853	32	18	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	32	19	beyond	beyond	ADP
easat-5853	32	20	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-5853	32	21	hours	hour	NOUN
easat-5853	32	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	32	23	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	32	24	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	32	25	lead	lead	VERB
easat-5853	32	26	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	32	27	increased	increase	VERB
easat-5853	32	28	exposure	exposure	NOUN
easat-5853	32	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	32	30	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
easat-5853	32	31	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	32	32	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	32	33	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	32	34	[	[	X
easat-5853	32	35	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	32	36	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	32	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	33	1	notably	notably	ADV
easat-5853	33	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	33	3	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	33	4	create	create	VERB
easat-5853	33	5	a	a	DET
easat-5853	33	6	low	low	ADJ
easat-5853	33	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	33	8	pressure	pressure	NOUN
easat-5853	33	9	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-5853	33	10	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	33	11	may	may	AUX
easat-5853	33	12	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-5853	33	13	the	the	DET
easat-5853	33	14	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
easat-5853	33	15	often	often	ADV
easat-5853	33	16	associated	associate	VERB
easat-5853	33	17	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	33	18	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	33	19	a	a	DET
easat-5853	33	20	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-5853	33	21	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	33	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	34	1	because	because	SCONJ
easat-5853	34	2	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	34	3	know	know	VERB
easat-5853	34	4	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	34	5	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	34	6	interacting	interact	VERB
easat-5853	34	7	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	34	8	a	a	DET
easat-5853	34	9	non	non	ADJ
easat-5853	34	10	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	34	11	judgmental	judgmental	ADJ
easat-5853	34	12	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	34	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	34	14	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	34	15	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	34	16	converse	converse	VERB
easat-5853	34	17	freely	freely	ADV
easat-5853	34	18	without	without	ADP
easat-5853	34	19	fear	fear	NOUN
easat-5853	34	20	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	34	21	embarrassment	embarrassment	NOUN
easat-5853	34	22	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	34	23	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	34	24	[	[	X
easat-5853	34	25	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	34	26	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	34	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	35	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	35	2	reduction	reduction	NOUN
easat-5853	35	3	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	35	4	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	35	5	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
easat-5853	35	6	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	35	7	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5853	35	8	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	35	9	studies	study	NOUN
easat-5853	35	10	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	35	11	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5853	35	12	psychology	psychology	NOUN
easat-5853	35	13	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-5853	35	14	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	35	15	lower	low	ADJ
easat-5853	35	16	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
easat-5853	35	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	35	18	higher	high	ADJ
easat-5853	35	19	enjoyment	enjoyment	NOUN
easat-5853	35	20	lead	lead	NOUN
easat-5853	35	21	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	35	22	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	35	23	active	active	ADJ
easat-5853	35	24	participation	participation	NOUN
easat-5853	35	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	35	26	better	well	ADJ
easat-5853	35	27	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	35	28	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	35	29	[	[	X
easat-5853	35	30	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	35	31	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	35	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	36	1	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
easat-5853	36	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	36	3	indeed	indeed	ADV
easat-5853	36	4	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	36	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	36	6	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	36	7	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	36	8	help	help	AUX
easat-5853	36	9	foster	foster	VERB
easat-5853	36	10	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5853	36	11	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	36	12	emotions	emotion	NOUN
easat-5853	36	13	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	36	14	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	36	15	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	36	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	36	17	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	36	18	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	36	19	reported	report	VERB
easat-5853	36	20	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	36	21	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	36	22	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	36	23	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-5853	36	24	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	36	25	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	36	26	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
easat-5853	36	27	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	36	28	providing	provide	VERB
easat-5853	36	29	a	a	DET
easat-5853	36	30	low	low	ADJ
easat-5853	36	31	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	36	32	stakes	stake	NOUN
easat-5853	36	33	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	36	34	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-5853	36	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	36	36	thereby	thereby	ADV
easat-5853	36	37	encouraging	encourage	VERB
easat-5853	36	38	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	36	39	to	to	PART
easat-5853	36	40	speak	speak	VERB
easat-5853	36	41	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	36	42	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	36	43	gain	gain	VERB
easat-5853	36	44	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	36	45	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	36	46	xiao	xiao	PROPN
easat-5853	36	47	et	et	PROPN
easat-5853	36	48	al	al	PROPN
easat-5853	36	49	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	36	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	36	51	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5853	36	52	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	36	53	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	37	1	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	37	2	simulating	simulate	VERB
easat-5853	37	3	reallife	reallife	NOUN
easat-5853	37	4	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	37	5	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-5853	37	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	37	7	giving	give	VERB
easat-5853	37	8	immediate	immediate	ADJ
easat-5853	37	9	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	37	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	37	11	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	37	12	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	37	13	boost	boost	VERB
easat-5853	37	14	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	37	15	’	'	PUNCT
easat-5853	37	16	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-5853	37	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	37	18	self	self	NOUN
easat-5853	37	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	37	20	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
easat-5853	37	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	37	22	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	37	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	37	24	target	target	NOUN
easat-5853	37	25	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	38	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	38	2	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	38	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	38	4	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	38	5	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	38	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	39	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-5853	39	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	39	3	advanced	advanced	ADJ
easat-5853	39	4	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	39	5	agents	agent	NOUN
easat-5853	39	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	39	7	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	39	8	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	39	9	those	those	PRON
easat-5853	39	10	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	39	11	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	39	12	large	large	ADJ
easat-5853	39	13	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	39	14	models	model	NOUN
easat-5853	39	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	39	16	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	39	17	capable	capable	ADJ
easat-5853	39	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	39	19	handling	handle	VERB
easat-5853	39	20	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-5853	39	21	topics	topic	NOUN
easat-5853	39	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	39	23	offering	offer	VERB
easat-5853	39	24	translations	translation	NOUN
easat-5853	39	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	39	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	39	27	even	even	ADV
easat-5853	39	28	adapting	adapt	VERB
easat-5853	39	29	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	39	30	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	39	31	the	the	DET
easat-5853	39	32	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	39	33	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	39	34	input	input	NOUN
easat-5853	39	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	39	36	further	far	ADV
easat-5853	39	37	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	39	38	the	the	DET
easat-5853	39	39	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
easat-5853	39	40	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	39	41	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	39	42	[	[	X
easat-5853	39	43	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	39	44	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	39	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	40	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	40	2	sum	sum	NOUN
easat-5853	40	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	40	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	40	5	broader	broad	ADJ
easat-5853	40	6	landscape	landscape	NOUN
easat-5853	40	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	40	8	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	40	9	highlights	highlight	NOUN
easat-5853	40	10	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	40	11	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	40	12	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	40	13	a	a	DET
easat-5853	40	14	powerful	powerful	ADJ
easat-5853	40	15	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	40	16	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	40	17	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	40	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	40	19	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	40	20	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	40	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	40	22	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	40	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	40	24	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-5853	40	25	to	to	PART
easat-5853	40	26	increase	increase	VERB
easat-5853	40	27	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	40	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	40	29	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	40	30	personalized	personalized	ADJ
easat-5853	40	31	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	40	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	40	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	40	34	supplement	supplement	VERB
easat-5853	40	35	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	40	36	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5853	40	37	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	40	38	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
easat-5853	40	39	ways	way	NOUN
easat-5853	40	40	[	[	X
easat-5853	40	41	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	40	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	40	43	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	40	44	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	40	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	40	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	41	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
easat-5853	41	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	42	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-5853	42	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-5853	42	3	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	42	4	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	42	5	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-5853	42	6	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	42	7	sla	sla	PROPN
easat-5853	42	8	an	an	DET
easat-5853	42	9	emerging	emerge	VERB
easat-5853	42	10	body	body	NOUN
easat-5853	42	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	42	12	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-5853	42	13	studies	study	NOUN
easat-5853	42	14	has	have	AUX
easat-5853	42	15	examined	examine	VERB
easat-5853	42	16	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	42	17	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-5853	42	18	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	42	19	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	42	20	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	42	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	42	22	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
easat-5853	42	23	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	42	24	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	42	25	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	42	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	43	1	overall	overall	ADV
easat-5853	43	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	43	3	these	these	DET
easat-5853	43	4	studies	study	NOUN
easat-5853	43	5	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	43	6	encouraging	encouraging	ADJ
easat-5853	43	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-5853	43	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	43	9	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	43	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	43	11	assisted	assist	VERB
easat-5853	43	12	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	43	13	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	43	14	lead	lead	VERB
easat-5853	43	15	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	43	16	measurable	measurable	ADJ
easat-5853	43	17	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	43	18	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	43	19	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	43	20	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	43	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	44	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	44	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-5853	44	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	44	4	yuan	yuan	PROPN
easat-5853	45	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	45	2	4	4	X
easat-5853	45	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	45	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-5853	45	5	an	an	DET
easat-5853	45	6	experiment	experiment	NOUN
easat-5853	45	7	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	45	8	a	a	DET
easat-5853	45	9	primary	primary	ADJ
easat-5853	45	10	school	school	NOUN
easat-5853	45	11	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-5853	45	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	45	13	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	45	14	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	45	15	a	a	DET
easat-5853	45	16	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-5853	45	17	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	45	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	45	19	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	45	20	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	45	21	china	china	PROPN
easat-5853	45	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	45	23	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5853	45	24	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	45	25	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	45	26	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	45	27	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	45	28	learned	learn	VERB
easat-5853	45	29	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	45	30	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	45	31	a	a	DET
easat-5853	45	32	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	45	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	45	34	another	another	DET
easat-5853	45	35	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	45	36	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	45	37	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	45	38	methods	method	NOUN
easat-5853	45	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	46	1	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	46	2	a	a	DET
easat-5853	46	3	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	46	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	46	5	month	month	NOUN
easat-5853	46	6	intervention	intervention	NOUN
easat-5853	46	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	46	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	46	9	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	46	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	46	11	assisted	assist	VERB
easat-5853	46	12	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	46	13	showed	show	VERB
easat-5853	46	14	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-5853	46	15	greater	great	ADJ
easat-5853	46	16	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	46	17	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	46	18	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5853	46	19	english	english	ADJ
easat-5853	46	20	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	46	21	compared	compare	VERB
easat-5853	46	22	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	46	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	46	24	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	46	25	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	46	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	46	27	as	as	ADV
easat-5853	46	28	well	well	ADV
easat-5853	46	29	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	46	30	higher	high	ADJ
easat-5853	46	31	willingness	willingness	NOUN
easat-5853	46	32	to	to	PART
easat-5853	46	33	communicate	communicate	VERB
easat-5853	46	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	46	35	wtc	wtc	PROPN
easat-5853	46	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	46	37	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	46	38	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	46	39	[	[	X
easat-5853	46	40	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	46	41	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	46	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	47	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	47	2	yuan	yuan	PROPN
easat-5853	47	3	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	47	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	47	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	47	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	47	7	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	47	8	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	47	9	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	47	10	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	47	11	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	47	12	scores	score	NOUN
easat-5853	47	13	improved	improve	VERB
easat-5853	47	14	notably	notably	ADV
easat-5853	47	15	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	47	16	preto	preto	VERB
easat-5853	47	17	post	post	NOUN
easat-5853	47	18	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	47	19	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	47	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	47	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	47	22	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	47	23	survey	survey	NOUN
easat-5853	47	24	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	47	25	indicated	indicate	VERB
easat-5853	47	26	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	47	27	became	become	VERB
easat-5853	47	28	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	47	29	willing	willing	ADJ
easat-5853	47	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	47	31	confident	confident	ADJ
easat-5853	47	32	to	to	PART
easat-5853	47	33	speak	speak	VERB
easat-5853	47	34	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	47	35	the	the	DET
easat-5853	47	36	target	target	NOUN
easat-5853	47	37	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	47	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	47	39	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
easat-5853	47	40	the	the	DET
easat-5853	47	41	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	47	42	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	47	43	saw	see	VERB
easat-5853	47	44	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	47	45	modest	modest	ADJ
easat-5853	47	46	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	48	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	48	2	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	48	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	48	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	48	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	49	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	49	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	49	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	49	4	practicing	practice	VERB
easat-5853	49	5	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	49	6	a	a	DET
easat-5853	49	7	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	49	8	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	49	9	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	49	10	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	49	11	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	49	12	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	49	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	49	14	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-5853	49	15	inhibitions	inhibition	NOUN
easat-5853	49	16	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	49	17	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	49	18	the	the	DET
easat-5853	49	19	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	49	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	50	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
easat-5853	50	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	50	3	a	a	DET
easat-5853	50	4	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-5853	50	5	meta	meta	ADJ
easat-5853	50	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	50	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	50	8	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	50	9	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	50	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	50	11	assisted	assist	VERB
easat-5853	50	12	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	50	13	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	50	14	reported	report	VERB
easat-5853	50	15	a	a	DET
easat-5853	50	16	moderate	moderate	ADJ
easat-5853	50	17	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-5853	50	18	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5853	50	19	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-5853	50	20	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	50	21	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	50	22	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-5853	50	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	50	24	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	50	25	an	an	DET
easat-5853	50	26	average	average	ADJ
easat-5853	50	27	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-5853	50	28	size	size	NOUN
easat-5853	50	29	g	g	PROPN
easat-5853	50	30	≈	≈	PROPN
easat-5853	50	31	0.48	0.48	NUM
easat-5853	50	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	50	33	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	50	34	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	50	35	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	50	36	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	50	37	versus	versus	ADP
easat-5853	50	38	those	those	PRON
easat-5853	50	39	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	50	40	did	do	VERB
easat-5853	50	41	not	not	PART
easat-5853	50	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	50	43	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-5853	50	44	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-5853	50	45	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-5853	50	46	across	across	ADP
easat-5853	50	47	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-5853	50	48	studies	study	NOUN
easat-5853	50	49	[	[	X
easat-5853	50	50	5	5	NUM
easat-5853	50	51	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	50	52	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	51	1	other	other	ADJ
easat-5853	51	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	51	3	has	have	AUX
easat-5853	51	4	explored	explore	VERB
easat-5853	51	5	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-5853	51	6	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	51	7	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	51	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	52	1	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-5853	52	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	52	3	huang	huang	PROPN
easat-5853	52	4	[	[	X
easat-5853	52	5	6	6	NUM
easat-5853	52	6	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	52	7	investigated	investigate	VERB
easat-5853	52	8	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
easat-5853	52	9	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	52	10	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	52	11	an	an	DET
easat-5853	52	12	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	52	13	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	52	14	based	base	VERB
easat-5853	52	15	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	52	16	a	a	DET
easat-5853	52	17	large	large	ADJ
easat-5853	52	18	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	52	19	model	model	NOUN
easat-5853	52	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	52	21	llm	llm	NOUN
easat-5853	52	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	52	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	53	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	53	2	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	53	3	controlled	control	VERB
easat-5853	53	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	53	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	53	6	52	52	NUM
easat-5853	53	7	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-5853	53	8	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	53	9	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	53	10	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	53	11	split	split	VERB
easat-5853	53	12	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	53	13	two	two	NUM
easat-5853	53	14	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5853	53	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	53	16	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	53	17	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	53	18	an	an	DET
easat-5853	53	19	llm	llm	ADV
easat-5853	53	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	53	21	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	53	22	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	53	23	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	53	24	a	a	DET
easat-5853	53	25	personal	personal	ADJ
easat-5853	53	26	https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc11416278/#:~:text=preliminary%20findings%20suggest%20that%20ai,and%20adaptive%20nature%20of%20ai	https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc11416278/#:~:text=preliminary%20findings%20suggest%20that%20ai,and%20adaptive%20nature%20of%20ai	PROPN
easat-5853	53	27	2618	2618	NUM
easat-5853	53	28	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	53	29	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	53	30	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	53	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	53	32	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	53	33	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	53	34	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	53	35	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	53	36	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	53	37	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	53	38	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	53	39	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	54	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	54	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	54	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	54	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	55	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	55	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	55	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	55	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	55	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	55	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	55	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	55	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	55	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	55	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	55	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	55	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	55	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	55	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	55	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	55	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	55	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	55	18	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-5853	55	19	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-5853	55	20	vocabulary	vocabulary	PROPN
easat-5853	55	21	tutor	tutor	NOUN
easat-5853	55	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	55	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	55	24	the	the	DET
easat-5853	55	25	other	other	ADJ
easat-5853	55	26	learned	learn	VERB
easat-5853	55	27	new	new	ADJ
easat-5853	55	28	words	word	NOUN
easat-5853	55	29	without	without	ADP
easat-5853	55	30	the	the	DET
easat-5853	55	31	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	55	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	56	1	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	56	2	an	an	DET
easat-5853	56	3	eight	eight	NUM
easat-5853	56	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	56	5	week	week	NOUN
easat-5853	56	6	training	training	NOUN
easat-5853	56	7	focusing	focus	VERB
easat-5853	56	8	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	56	9	a	a	DET
easat-5853	56	10	set	set	NOUN
easat-5853	56	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	56	12	target	target	NOUN
easat-5853	56	13	words	word	NOUN
easat-5853	56	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	56	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	56	16	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	56	17	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	56	18	outperformed	outperform	VERB
easat-5853	56	19	the	the	DET
easat-5853	56	20	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	56	21	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	56	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	56	23	both	both	DET
easat-5853	56	24	receptive	receptive	ADJ
easat-5853	56	25	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
easat-5853	56	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	56	27	recognition	recognition	NOUN
easat-5853	56	28	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	56	29	word	word	NOUN
easat-5853	56	30	meaning	meaning	NOUN
easat-5853	56	31	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	56	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	56	33	productive	productive	ADJ
easat-5853	56	34	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
easat-5853	56	35	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	56	36	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-5853	56	37	to	to	PART
easat-5853	56	38	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	56	39	the	the	DET
easat-5853	56	40	word	word	NOUN
easat-5853	56	41	correctly	correctly	ADV
easat-5853	56	42	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	57	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	57	2	6	6	NUM
easat-5853	57	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	57	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	58	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	58	2	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	58	3	users	user	NOUN
easat-5853	58	4	not	not	PART
easat-5853	58	5	only	only	ADV
easat-5853	58	6	learned	learn	VERB
easat-5853	58	7	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	58	8	words	word	NOUN
easat-5853	58	9	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	58	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	58	11	end	end	NOUN
easat-5853	58	12	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	58	13	the	the	DET
easat-5853	58	14	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	58	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	58	16	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	58	17	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	58	18	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	58	19	retained	retain	VERB
easat-5853	58	20	those	those	DET
easat-5853	58	21	words	word	NOUN
easat-5853	58	22	better	well	ADV
easat-5853	58	23	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	58	24	tested	test	VERB
easat-5853	58	25	again	again	ADV
easat-5853	58	26	two	two	NUM
easat-5853	58	27	weeks	week	NOUN
easat-5853	58	28	later	later	ADV
easat-5853	58	29	[	[	X
easat-5853	58	30	6	6	NUM
easat-5853	58	31	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	58	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	59	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	59	2	finding	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	59	3	underscores	underscore	VERB
easat-5853	59	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	59	5	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
easat-5853	59	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	59	7	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	59	8	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	59	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	59	10	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
easat-5853	59	11	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
easat-5853	59	12	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	59	13	—	—	PUNCT
easat-5853	59	14	likely	likely	ADJ
easat-5853	59	15	because	because	SCONJ
easat-5853	59	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	59	17	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	59	18	provided	provide	VERB
easat-5853	59	19	repeated	repeat	VERB
easat-5853	59	20	exposure	exposure	NOUN
easat-5853	59	21	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	59	22	new	new	ADJ
easat-5853	59	23	words	word	NOUN
easat-5853	59	24	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	59	25	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	59	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	59	27	offered	offer	VERB
easat-5853	59	28	prompt	prompt	ADJ
easat-5853	59	29	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	59	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	59	31	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	59	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	60	1	another	another	DET
easat-5853	60	2	advantage	advantage	NOUN
easat-5853	60	3	observed	observe	VERB
easat-5853	60	4	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	60	5	incidental	incidental	ADJ
easat-5853	60	6	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	60	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	60	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	60	9	interacting	interact	VERB
easat-5853	60	10	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	60	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	60	12	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	60	13	assistant	assistant	NOUN
easat-5853	60	14	picked	pick	VERB
easat-5853	60	15	up	up	ADP
easat-5853	60	16	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-5853	60	17	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
easat-5853	60	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	60	19	phrases	phrase	NOUN
easat-5853	60	20	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	60	21	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	60	22	not	not	PART
easat-5853	60	23	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
easat-5853	60	24	taught	teach	VERB
easat-5853	60	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	60	26	simply	simply	ADV
easat-5853	60	27	through	through	ADP
easat-5853	60	28	the	the	DET
easat-5853	60	29	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-5853	60	30	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	60	31	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	60	32	[	[	X
easat-5853	60	33	6	6	NUM
easat-5853	60	34	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	60	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	61	1	these	these	DET
easat-5853	61	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	61	3	align	align	VERB
easat-5853	61	4	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	61	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	61	6	notion	notion	NOUN
easat-5853	61	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	61	8	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	61	9	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	61	10	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	61	11	a	a	DET
easat-5853	61	12	driver	driver	NOUN
easat-5853	61	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	61	14	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	61	15	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	61	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	61	17	the	the	DET
easat-5853	61	18	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	61	19	essentially	essentially	ADV
easat-5853	61	20	engaged	engage	VERB
easat-5853	61	21	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	61	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	61	23	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
easat-5853	61	24	input	input	NOUN
easat-5853	61	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	61	26	output	output	NOUN
easat-5853	61	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	61	28	aiding	aid	VERB
easat-5853	61	29	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
easat-5853	61	30	retention	retention	NOUN
easat-5853	61	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	61	32	usage	usage	NOUN
easat-5853	61	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	62	1	beyond	beyond	ADP
easat-5853	62	2	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	62	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	62	4	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
easat-5853	62	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	62	6	there	there	PRON
easat-5853	62	7	is	be	VERB
easat-5853	62	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-5853	62	9	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	62	10	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	62	11	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	62	12	support	support	VERB
easat-5853	62	13	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-5853	62	14	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	62	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	63	1	lingaiah	lingaiah	PROPN
easat-5853	63	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	63	3	et	et	PROPN
easat-5853	63	4	al	al	PROPN
easat-5853	63	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	64	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	64	2	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	64	3	]	]	SYM
easat-5853	64	4	reviewed	review	VERB
easat-5853	64	5	applications	application	NOUN
easat-5853	64	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	64	7	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	64	8	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	64	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	64	10	esl	esl	PROPN
easat-5853	64	11	writing	write	VERB
easat-5853	64	12	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	64	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	64	14	found	find	VERB
easat-5853	64	15	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	64	16	immediate	immediate	ADJ
easat-5853	64	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	64	18	automated	automate	VERB
easat-5853	64	19	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	64	20	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	64	21	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	64	22	helps	help	VERB
easat-5853	64	23	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	64	24	correct	correct	ADJ
easat-5853	64	25	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	64	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	64	27	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
easat-5853	64	28	grammar	grammar	NOUN
easat-5853	64	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	64	30	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-5853	64	31	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-5853	64	32	[	[	X
easat-5853	64	33	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	64	34	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	64	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	65	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	65	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	65	3	studies	study	NOUN
easat-5853	65	4	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	65	5	analyzed	analyze	VERB
easat-5853	65	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	65	7	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	65	8	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	65	9	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	65	10	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	65	11	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	65	12	writing	write	VERB
easat-5853	65	13	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	65	14	received	receive	VERB
easat-5853	65	15	prompt	prompt	ADJ
easat-5853	65	16	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	65	17	within	within	ADP
easat-5853	65	18	each	each	DET
easat-5853	65	19	session	session	NOUN
easat-5853	65	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	65	21	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	65	22	enabled	enable	VERB
easat-5853	65	23	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	65	24	to	to	PART
easat-5853	65	25	identify	identify	VERB
easat-5853	65	26	errors	error	NOUN
easat-5853	65	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	65	28	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-5853	65	29	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	65	30	grammar	grammar	NOUN
easat-5853	65	31	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	65	32	word	word	NOUN
easat-5853	65	33	choice	choice	NOUN
easat-5853	65	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	65	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	65	36	fix	fix	VERB
easat-5853	65	37	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	65	38	right	right	ADV
easat-5853	65	39	away	away	ADV
easat-5853	66	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	66	2	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	66	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	66	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	67	1	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	67	2	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	67	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	67	4	this	this	DET
easat-5853	67	5	iterative	iterative	NOUN
easat-5853	67	6	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	67	7	loop	loop	NOUN
easat-5853	67	8	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-5853	67	9	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	67	10	improved	improved	ADJ
easat-5853	67	11	writing	write	VERB
easat-5853	67	12	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	67	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	68	1	an	an	DET
easat-5853	68	2	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-5853	68	3	benefit	benefit	NOUN
easat-5853	68	4	reported	report	VERB
easat-5853	68	5	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	68	6	reduced	reduce	VERB
easat-5853	68	7	writing	write	VERB
easat-5853	68	8	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
easat-5853	68	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	68	10	increased	increase	VERB
easat-5853	68	11	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	68	12	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	68	13	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	68	14	felt	feel	VERB
easat-5853	68	15	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	68	16	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	68	17	ease	ease	NOUN
easat-5853	68	18	practicing	practice	VERB
easat-5853	68	19	writing	write	VERB
easat-5853	68	20	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	68	21	a	a	DET
easat-5853	68	22	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	68	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	68	24	became	become	VERB
easat-5853	68	25	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	68	26	confident	confident	ADJ
easat-5853	68	27	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	68	28	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	68	29	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-5853	68	30	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-5853	68	31	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	68	32	repeated	repeat	VERB
easat-5853	68	33	sessions	session	NOUN
easat-5853	68	34	[	[	X
easat-5853	68	35	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	68	36	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	68	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	69	1	these	these	DET
easat-5853	69	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	69	3	across	across	ADP
easat-5853	69	4	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	69	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	69	6	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
easat-5853	69	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	69	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	69	9	writing	write	VERB
easat-5853	69	10	domains	domain	NOUN
easat-5853	69	11	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
easat-5853	69	12	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	69	13	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	69	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	69	15	assisted	assist	VERB
easat-5853	69	16	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	69	17	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	69	18	yield	yield	VERB
easat-5853	69	19	tangible	tangible	ADJ
easat-5853	69	20	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	69	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	69	22	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	69	23	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	69	24	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	69	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	69	26	often	often	ADV
easat-5853	69	27	rivaling	rival	VERB
easat-5853	69	28	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	69	29	surpassing	surpass	VERB
easat-5853	69	30	the	the	DET
easat-5853	69	31	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	69	32	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	69	33	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	69	34	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-5853	70	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	70	2	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	70	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	70	4	6	6	NUM
easat-5853	70	5	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	70	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	71	1	however	however	ADV
easat-5853	71	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	71	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	71	4	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
easat-5853	71	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	71	6	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	71	7	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	71	8	depend	depend	VERB
easat-5853	71	9	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	71	10	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-5853	71	11	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	71	12	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	71	13	the	the	DET
easat-5853	71	14	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-5853	71	15	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	71	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	71	17	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	71	18	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	71	19	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	71	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	71	21	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	71	22	the	the	DET
easat-5853	71	23	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	71	24	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	71	25	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-5853	71	26	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	71	27	the	the	DET
easat-5853	71	28	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5853	71	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	71	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	71	31	the	the	DET
easat-5853	71	32	extent	extent	NOUN
easat-5853	71	33	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	71	34	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	71	35	guidance	guidance	NOUN
easat-5853	71	36	provided	provide	VERB
easat-5853	71	37	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-5853	71	38	the	the	DET
easat-5853	71	39	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	71	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	72	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	72	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	72	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-5853	72	4	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	72	5	largely	largely	ADV
easat-5853	72	6	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5853	72	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	72	8	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	72	9	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	72	10	points	point	VERB
easat-5853	72	11	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	72	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	72	13	need	need	NOUN
easat-5853	72	14	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	72	15	addressing	address	VERB
easat-5853	72	16	certain	certain	ADJ
easat-5853	72	17	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	72	18	to	to	PART
easat-5853	72	19	maximize	maximize	VERB
easat-5853	72	20	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-5853	72	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	73	1	2.3	2.3	NUM
easat-5853	73	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	73	3	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	73	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	73	5	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	73	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	73	7	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	73	8	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	73	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	73	10	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5853	73	11	settings	setting	NOUN
easat-5853	73	12	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-5853	73	13	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	73	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	73	15	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	73	16	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	73	17	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	73	18	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	73	19	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	73	20	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	73	21	not	not	PART
easat-5853	73	22	without	without	ADP
easat-5853	73	23	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	73	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	74	1	several	several	ADJ
easat-5853	74	2	studies	study	NOUN
easat-5853	74	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	74	4	reviews	review	NOUN
easat-5853	74	5	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	74	6	identified	identify	VERB
easat-5853	74	7	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	74	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	74	9	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-5853	74	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	74	11	developers	developer	NOUN
easat-5853	74	12	must	must	AUX
easat-5853	74	13	consider	consider	VERB
easat-5853	74	14	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	74	15	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	74	16	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	74	17	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	74	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	74	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	74	20	•	•	NUM
easat-5853	74	21	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-5853	74	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	74	23	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-5853	74	24	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	74	25	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	74	26	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	74	27	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	74	28	not	not	PART
easat-5853	74	29	always	always	ADV
easat-5853	74	30	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-5853	74	31	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	74	32	reliable	reliable	ADJ
easat-5853	74	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	75	1	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	75	2	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	75	3	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	75	4	occasionally	occasionally	ADV
easat-5853	75	5	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	75	6	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ
easat-5853	75	7	information	information	NOUN
easat-5853	75	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	75	9	nonsensical	nonsensical	ADJ
easat-5853	75	10	answers	answer	NOUN
easat-5853	75	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	75	12	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	75	13	grammatically	grammatically	ADV
easat-5853	75	14	flawed	flawed	ADJ
easat-5853	75	15	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	75	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	75	17	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	75	18	may	may	AUX
easat-5853	75	19	mislead	mislead	VERB
easat-5853	75	20	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	75	21	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	75	22	unchecked	unchecked	ADJ
easat-5853	75	23	[	[	X
easat-5853	75	24	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	75	25	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	75	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	76	1	maintaining	maintain	VERB
easat-5853	76	2	a	a	DET
easat-5853	76	3	high	high	ADJ
easat-5853	76	4	level	level	NOUN
easat-5853	76	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	76	6	answer	answer	NOUN
easat-5853	76	7	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-5853	76	8	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	76	9	a	a	DET
easat-5853	76	10	concern	concern	NOUN
easat-5853	76	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	76	12	especially	especially	ADV
easat-5853	76	13	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	76	14	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	76	15	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	76	16	trust	trust	VERB
easat-5853	76	17	the	the	DET
easat-5853	76	18	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	76	19	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	76	20	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	76	21	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	76	22	authoritative	authoritative	ADJ
easat-5853	76	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	77	1	•	•	ADP
easat-5853	77	2	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	77	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	77	4	contextual	contextual	ADJ
easat-5853	77	5	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5853	77	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	77	7	current	current	ADJ
easat-5853	77	8	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	77	9	often	often	ADV
easat-5853	77	10	lack	lack	VERB
easat-5853	77	11	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-5853	77	12	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	77	13	nuance	nuance	NOUN
easat-5853	77	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	77	15	contextual	contextual	ADJ
easat-5853	77	16	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5853	77	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	78	1	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	78	2	may	may	AUX
easat-5853	78	3	struggle	struggle	VERB
easat-5853	78	4	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	78	5	idioms	idiom	NOUN
easat-5853	78	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	78	7	humor	humor	NOUN
easat-5853	78	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	78	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	78	10	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	78	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	78	12	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-5853	78	13	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	78	14	usage	usage	NOUN
easat-5853	78	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	78	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	78	17	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	78	18	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	78	19	not	not	PART
easat-5853	78	20	always	always	ADV
easat-5853	78	21	tailor	tailor	VERB
easat-5853	78	22	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	78	23	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	78	24	the	the	DET
easat-5853	78	25	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	78	26	background	background	NOUN
easat-5853	78	27	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	78	28	the	the	DET
easat-5853	78	29	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	79	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	79	2	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	79	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	79	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	80	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	80	2	limitation	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	80	3	means	mean	VERB
easat-5853	80	4	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	80	5	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	80	6	give	give	VERB
easat-5853	80	7	generic	generic	ADJ
easat-5853	80	8	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	80	9	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-5853	80	10	inappropriate	inappropriate	ADJ
easat-5853	80	11	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	80	12	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	80	13	some	some	DET
easat-5853	80	14	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-5853	80	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	80	16	limiting	limit	VERB
easat-5853	80	17	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	80	18	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-5853	80	19	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	80	20	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5853	80	21	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
easat-5853	80	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	80	23	sociolinguistic	sociolinguistic	ADJ
easat-5853	80	24	aspects	aspect	NOUN
easat-5853	80	25	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	80	26	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	80	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	81	1	•	•	NUM
easat-5853	81	2	sustaining	sustain	VERB
easat-5853	81	3	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	81	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	81	5	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	81	6	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	81	7	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	81	8	boost	boost	VERB
easat-5853	81	9	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	81	10	initially	initially	ADV
easat-5853	81	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	81	12	some	some	DET
easat-5853	81	13	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	81	14	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	81	15	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	81	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	81	17	novelty	novelty	NOUN
easat-5853	81	18	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	81	19	wear	wear	VERB
easat-5853	81	20	off	off	ADP
easat-5853	81	21	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	81	22	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	81	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	82	1	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	82	2	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	82	3	lose	lose	VERB
easat-5853	82	4	interest	interest	NOUN
easat-5853	82	5	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	82	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	82	7	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	82	8	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	82	9	style	style	NOUN
easat-5853	82	10	becomes	become	VERB
easat-5853	82	11	repetitive	repetitive	ADJ
easat-5853	82	12	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	82	13	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	82	14	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	82	15	fails	fail	VERB
easat-5853	82	16	to	to	PART
easat-5853	82	17	evolve	evolve	VERB
easat-5853	82	18	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	82	19	the	the	DET
easat-5853	82	20	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	82	21	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	82	22	progress	progress	NOUN
easat-5853	83	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	83	2	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	83	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	83	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	84	1	keeping	keep	VERB
easat-5853	84	2	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	84	3	motivated	motivate	VERB
easat-5853	84	4	during	during	ADP
easat-5853	84	5	long	long	ADJ
easat-5853	84	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	84	7	term	term	NOUN
easat-5853	84	8	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	84	9	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	84	10	remains	remain	VERB
easat-5853	84	11	a	a	DET
easat-5853	84	12	challenge	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	84	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	84	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	84	15	designing	design	VERB
easat-5853	84	16	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	84	17	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	84	18	remain	remain	VERB
easat-5853	84	19	fresh	fresh	ADJ
easat-5853	84	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	84	21	engaging	engaging	ADJ
easat-5853	84	22	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	84	23	an	an	DET
easat-5853	84	24	area	area	NOUN
easat-5853	84	25	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	84	26	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	84	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	85	1	•	•	NUM
easat-5853	85	2	privacy	privacy	NOUN
easat-5853	85	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	85	4	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-5853	85	5	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-5853	85	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	85	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	85	8	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	85	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	85	10	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	85	11	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	85	12	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	85	13	raises	raise	VERB
easat-5853	85	14	privacy	privacy	NOUN
easat-5853	85	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	85	16	ethics	ethic	NOUN
easat-5853	85	17	concerns	concern	NOUN
easat-5853	85	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	86	1	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	86	2	often	often	ADV
easat-5853	86	3	require	require	VERB
easat-5853	86	4	collection	collection	NOUN
easat-5853	86	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	86	6	user	user	NOUN
easat-5853	86	7	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	86	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	86	9	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-5853	86	10	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	86	11	logs	log	NOUN
easat-5853	86	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	86	13	to	to	PART
easat-5853	86	14	function	function	VERB
easat-5853	86	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	86	16	improve	improve	VERB
easat-5853	86	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	86	18	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	86	19	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	86	20	expose	expose	VERB
easat-5853	86	21	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
easat-5853	86	22	information	information	NOUN
easat-5853	86	23	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	86	24	not	not	PART
easat-5853	86	25	properly	properly	ADV
easat-5853	86	26	secured	secure	VERB
easat-5853	86	27	[	[	X
easat-5853	86	28	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	86	29	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	86	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	87	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-5853	87	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	87	3	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	87	4	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	87	5	2619	2619	NUM
easat-5853	87	6	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	87	7	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	87	8	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	87	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	87	10	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	87	11	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	87	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	87	13	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	87	14	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	87	15	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	87	16	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	87	17	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	88	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	88	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	88	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	88	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	89	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	89	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	89	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	89	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	89	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	89	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	89	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	89	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	89	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	89	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	89	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	89	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	89	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	89	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	89	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	89	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	89	17	licensee	licensee	NOUN
easat-5853	89	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	89	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5853	89	20	rely	rely	VERB
easat-5853	89	21	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	89	22	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	89	23	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	89	24	answers	answer	NOUN
easat-5853	89	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	89	26	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	89	27	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	89	28	blur	blur	VERB
easat-5853	89	29	the	the	DET
easat-5853	89	30	line	line	NOUN
easat-5853	89	31	between	between	ADP
easat-5853	89	32	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	89	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	89	34	cheating	cheating	NOUN
easat-5853	89	35	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	89	36	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-5853	89	37	worry	worry	VERB
easat-5853	89	38	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	89	39	academic	academic	ADJ
easat-5853	89	40	integrity	integrity	NOUN
easat-5853	89	41	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	89	42	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	89	43	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	89	44	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	89	45	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	89	46	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	89	47	to	to	PART
easat-5853	89	48	do	do	VERB
easat-5853	89	49	assignments	assignment	NOUN
easat-5853	89	50	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	89	51	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	89	52	answers	answer	NOUN
easat-5853	89	53	without	without	ADP
easat-5853	89	54	the	the	DET
easat-5853	89	55	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	89	56	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	89	57	true	true	ADJ
easat-5853	89	58	effort	effort	NOUN
easat-5853	90	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	90	2	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	90	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	90	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	91	1	proper	proper	ADJ
easat-5853	91	2	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
easat-5853	91	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	91	4	safeguards	safeguard	NOUN
easat-5853	91	5	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	91	6	needed	need	VERB
easat-5853	91	7	to	to	PART
easat-5853	91	8	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	91	9	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	91	10	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	91	11	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	91	12	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	91	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	91	14	aids	aid	NOUN
easat-5853	91	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	91	16	not	not	PART
easat-5853	91	17	shortcut	shortcut	NOUN
easat-5853	91	18	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-5853	91	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	92	1	•	•	NUM
easat-5853	92	2	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-5853	92	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	92	4	design	design	NOUN
easat-5853	92	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	92	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	92	7	developing	develop	VERB
easat-5853	92	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	92	9	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-5853	92	10	a	a	DET
easat-5853	92	11	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	92	12	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	92	13	an	an	DET
easat-5853	92	14	existing	exist	VERB
easat-5853	92	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5853	92	16	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	92	17	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	92	18	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-5853	92	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	93	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	93	2	may	may	AUX
easat-5853	93	3	need	need	VERB
easat-5853	93	4	training	training	NOUN
easat-5853	93	5	to	to	PART
easat-5853	93	6	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-5853	93	7	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	93	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	93	9	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	93	10	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	93	11	a	a	DET
easat-5853	93	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5853	93	13	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	93	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	93	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	93	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	93	17	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-5853	93	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	93	19	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	93	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	93	21	driven	drive	VERB
easat-5853	93	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	93	23	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	93	24	not	not	PART
easat-5853	93	25	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ
easat-5853	93	26	[	[	X
easat-5853	93	27	8	8	NUM
easat-5853	93	28	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	93	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	94	1	many	many	ADJ
easat-5853	94	2	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-5853	94	3	struggle	struggle	VERB
easat-5853	94	4	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	94	5	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	94	6	to	to	PART
easat-5853	94	7	measure	measure	VERB
easat-5853	94	8	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	94	9	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	94	10	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	94	11	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	94	12	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	94	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	94	14	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	94	15	to	to	PART
easat-5853	94	16	align	align	VERB
easat-5853	94	17	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	94	18	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5853	94	19	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	94	20	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	94	21	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-5853	94	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	94	23	standards	standard	NOUN
easat-5853	94	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	95	1	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	95	2	not	not	PART
easat-5853	95	3	well	well	ADV
easat-5853	95	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	95	5	designed	design	VERB
easat-5853	95	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	95	7	a	a	DET
easat-5853	95	8	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	95	9	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	95	10	not	not	PART
easat-5853	95	11	match	match	VERB
easat-5853	95	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	95	13	syllabus	syllabus	NOUN
easat-5853	95	14	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	95	15	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	95	16	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	95	17	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	95	18	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	95	19	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	95	20	fun	fun	ADJ
easat-5853	95	21	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	95	22	not	not	PART
easat-5853	95	23	adequately	adequately	ADV
easat-5853	95	24	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5853	95	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	96	1	•	•	NUM
easat-5853	96	2	role	role	NOUN
easat-5853	96	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	96	4	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	96	5	instructors	instructor	NOUN
easat-5853	96	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	96	7	there	there	PRON
easat-5853	96	8	is	be	VERB
easat-5853	96	9	an	an	DET
easat-5853	96	10	underlying	underlie	VERB
easat-5853	96	11	concern	concern	NOUN
easat-5853	96	12	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	96	13	the	the	DET
easat-5853	96	14	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	96	15	community	community	NOUN
easat-5853	96	16	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	96	17	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	96	18	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	96	19	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	96	20	replace	replace	VERB
easat-5853	96	21	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	96	22	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-5853	96	23	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-5853	96	24	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	96	25	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	96	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	97	1	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	97	2	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	97	3	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	97	4	a	a	DET
easat-5853	97	5	social	social	ADJ
easat-5853	97	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	97	7	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	97	8	endeavor	endeavor	NOUN
easat-5853	97	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	97	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	97	11	some	some	PRON
easat-5853	97	12	fear	fear	VERB
easat-5853	97	13	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	97	14	over	over	NOUN
easat-5853	97	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	97	16	reliance	reliance	NOUN
easat-5853	97	17	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	97	18	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	97	19	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	97	20	diminish	diminish	VERB
easat-5853	97	21	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	97	22	spent	spend	VERB
easat-5853	97	23	practicing	practice	VERB
easat-5853	97	24	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	97	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	97	26	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	97	27	peers	peer	NOUN
easat-5853	97	28	[	[	X
easat-5853	97	29	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	97	30	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	97	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	98	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	98	2	consensus	consensus	NOUN
easat-5853	98	3	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	98	4	current	current	ADJ
easat-5853	98	5	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-5853	98	6	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	98	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	98	8	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	98	9	should	should	AUX
easat-5853	98	10	augment	augment	VERB
easat-5853	98	11	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	98	12	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-5853	98	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	98	14	not	not	PART
easat-5853	98	15	replace	replace	VERB
easat-5853	98	16	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	98	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	99	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	99	2	bring	bring	VERB
easat-5853	99	3	expertise	expertise	NOUN
easat-5853	99	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	99	5	empathy	empathy	NOUN
easat-5853	99	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	99	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	99	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	99	9	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-5853	99	10	to	to	PART
easat-5853	99	11	handle	handle	VERB
easat-5853	99	12	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
easat-5853	99	13	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	99	14	needs	need	NOUN
easat-5853	99	15	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	99	16	ai	ai	AUX
easat-5853	99	17	still	still	ADV
easat-5853	99	18	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	99	19	not	not	PART
easat-5853	99	20	fully	fully	ADV
easat-5853	99	21	replicate	replicate	VERB
easat-5853	99	22	[	[	PUNCT
easat-5853	99	23	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	99	24	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	99	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	100	1	balancing	balance	VERB
easat-5853	100	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	100	3	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	100	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	100	5	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	100	6	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	100	7	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	100	8	guidance	guidance	NOUN
easat-5853	100	9	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	100	10	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-5853	100	11	to	to	PART
easat-5853	100	12	avoid	avoid	VERB
easat-5853	100	13	isolating	isolate	VERB
easat-5853	100	14	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	100	15	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	100	16	neglecting	neglect	VERB
easat-5853	100	17	the	the	DET
easat-5853	100	18	social	social	ADJ
easat-5853	100	19	aspects	aspect	NOUN
easat-5853	100	20	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	100	21	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	100	22	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	100	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	101	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	101	2	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	101	3	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	101	4	offer	offer	VERB
easat-5853	101	5	exciting	exciting	ADJ
easat-5853	101	6	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-5853	101	7	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	101	8	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	101	9	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	101	10	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	101	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	101	12	these	these	DET
easat-5853	101	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	101	14	highlight	highlight	VERB
easat-5853	101	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	101	16	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-5853	101	17	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	101	18	thoughtful	thoughtful	ADJ
easat-5853	101	19	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-5853	101	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	102	1	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-5853	102	2	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	102	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	102	4	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	102	5	requires	require	VERB
easat-5853	102	6	addressing	address	VERB
easat-5853	102	7	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-5853	102	8	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	102	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	102	10	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-5853	102	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	102	12	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	102	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	102	14	awareness	awareness	NOUN
easat-5853	102	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	102	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	102	17	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	102	18	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-5853	102	19	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	102	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	102	21	privacy	privacy	NOUN
easat-5853	102	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	102	23	academic	academic	ADJ
easat-5853	102	24	honesty	honesty	NOUN
easat-5853	102	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	102	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	102	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	102	28	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-5853	102	29	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	102	30	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	102	31	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	102	32	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5853	102	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	102	34	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	102	35	involvement	involvement	NOUN
easat-5853	102	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	103	1	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
easat-5853	103	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	103	3	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	103	4	focusing	focus	VERB
easat-5853	103	5	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	103	6	overcoming	overcome	VERB
easat-5853	103	7	these	these	DET
easat-5853	103	8	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	103	9	—	—	PUNCT
easat-5853	103	10	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	103	11	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	103	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	103	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	103	14	improving	improve	VERB
easat-5853	103	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	103	16	natural	natural	ADJ
easat-5853	103	17	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	103	18	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-5853	103	19	capabilities	capability	NOUN
easat-5853	103	20	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	103	21	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	103	22	to	to	PART
easat-5853	103	23	better	well	ADV
easat-5853	103	24	handle	handle	VERB
easat-5853	103	25	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-5853	103	26	expressions	expression	NOUN
easat-5853	103	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	103	28	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	103	29	developing	develop	VERB
easat-5853	103	30	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
easat-5853	103	31	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	103	32	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-5853	103	33	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	103	34	blending	blend	VERB
easat-5853	103	35	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	103	36	sessions	session	NOUN
easat-5853	103	37	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	103	38	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	103	39	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5853	103	40	[	[	X
easat-5853	103	41	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	103	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	103	43	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	103	44	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	103	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	104	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	104	2	next	next	ADJ
easat-5853	104	3	sections	section	NOUN
easat-5853	104	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	104	5	this	this	DET
easat-5853	104	6	paper	paper	NOUN
easat-5853	104	7	will	will	AUX
easat-5853	104	8	describe	describe	VERB
easat-5853	104	9	an	an	DET
easat-5853	104	10	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-5853	104	11	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	104	12	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	104	13	explores	explore	VERB
easat-5853	104	14	both	both	CCONJ
easat-5853	104	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	104	16	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-5853	104	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	104	18	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	104	19	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	104	20	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	104	21	a	a	DET
easat-5853	104	22	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	104	23	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	104	24	assistant	assistant	NOUN
easat-5853	104	25	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	104	26	a	a	DET
easat-5853	104	27	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	104	28	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	104	29	setting	setting	NOUN
easat-5853	104	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	104	31	followed	follow	VERB
easat-5853	104	32	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	104	33	a	a	DET
easat-5853	104	34	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-5853	104	35	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	104	36	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	104	37	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	104	38	light	light	NOUN
easat-5853	104	39	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	104	40	the	the	DET
easat-5853	104	41	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-5853	104	42	above	above	ADV
easat-5853	104	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	105	1	3	3	X
easat-5853	105	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	105	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
easat-5853	105	4	3.1	3.1	NUM
easat-5853	105	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	105	6	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	105	7	design	design	NOUN
easat-5853	105	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	105	9	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-5853	105	10	this	this	DET
easat-5853	105	11	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	105	12	employed	employ	VERB
easat-5853	105	13	a	a	DET
easat-5853	105	14	mixed	mix	VERB
easat-5853	105	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	105	16	methods	method	NOUN
easat-5853	105	17	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	105	18	design	design	NOUN
easat-5853	105	19	to	to	PART
easat-5853	105	20	investigate	investigate	VERB
easat-5853	105	21	the	the	DET
easat-5853	105	22	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-5853	105	23	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	105	24	an	an	DET
easat-5853	105	25	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	105	26	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	105	27	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	105	28	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	105	29	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	105	30	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	105	31	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	105	32	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	105	33	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	105	34	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	105	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	106	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	106	2	design	design	NOUN
easat-5853	106	3	combined	combine	VERB
easat-5853	106	4	a	a	DET
easat-5853	106	5	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-5853	106	6	quasi	quasi	ADJ
easat-5853	106	7	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	106	8	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	106	9	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5853	106	10	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	106	11	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	106	12	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	106	13	collection	collection	NOUN
easat-5853	106	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	106	15	allowing	allow	VERB
easat-5853	106	16	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	106	17	a	a	DET
easat-5853	106	18	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-5853	106	19	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	106	20	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	106	21	both	both	PRON
easat-5853	106	22	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-5853	106	23	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	106	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	106	25	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	106	26	perceptions	perception	NOUN
easat-5853	106	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	107	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	107	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	107	3	selected	select	VERB
easat-5853	107	4	a	a	DET
easat-5853	107	5	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-5853	107	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	107	7	60	60	NUM
easat-5853	107	8	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	107	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	107	10	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	107	11	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	107	12	a	a	DET
easat-5853	107	13	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	107	14	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	107	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	107	16	esl	esl	PROPN
easat-5853	107	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	107	18	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	107	19	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	107	20	program	program	NOUN
easat-5853	107	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	107	22	a	a	DET
easat-5853	107	23	state	state	NOUN
easat-5853	107	24	university	university	NOUN
easat-5853	107	25	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	107	26	the	the	DET
easat-5853	107	27	philippines	philippine	NOUN
easat-5853	107	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	108	1	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-5853	108	2	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	108	3	young	young	ADJ
easat-5853	108	4	adult	adult	NOUN
easat-5853	108	5	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	108	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	108	7	ages	age	NOUN
easat-5853	108	8	18–24	18–24	NUM
easat-5853	108	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	108	10	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	108	11	an	an	DET
easat-5853	108	12	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
easat-5853	108	13	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	108	14	level	level	NOUN
easat-5853	108	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	108	16	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	108	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	108	18	based	base	VERB
easat-5853	108	19	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	108	20	placement	placement	NOUN
easat-5853	108	21	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	108	22	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	108	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	109	1	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	109	2	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	109	3	randomly	randomly	ADV
easat-5853	109	4	assigned	assign	VERB
easat-5853	109	5	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	109	6	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	109	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	109	8	two	two	NUM
easat-5853	109	9	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5853	109	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	109	11	30	30	NUM
easat-5853	109	12	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	109	13	each	each	PRON
easat-5853	109	14	):	):	PUNCT
easat-5853	109	15	an	an	DET
easat-5853	109	16	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	109	17	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	109	18	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	109	19	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	109	20	a	a	DET
easat-5853	109	21	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	109	22	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	109	23	a	a	DET
easat-5853	109	24	supplement	supplement	NOUN
easat-5853	109	25	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	109	26	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	109	27	regular	regular	ADJ
easat-5853	109	28	english	english	ADJ
easat-5853	109	29	classes	class	NOUN
easat-5853	109	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	109	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	109	32	a	a	DET
easat-5853	109	33	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	109	34	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	109	35	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	109	36	followed	follow	VERB
easat-5853	109	37	the	the	DET
easat-5853	109	38	regular	regular	ADJ
easat-5853	109	39	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5853	109	40	without	without	ADP
easat-5853	109	41	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	109	42	assistance	assistance	NOUN
easat-5853	109	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	110	1	both	both	DET
easat-5853	110	2	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5853	110	3	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	110	4	ensured	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	110	5	to	to	PART
easat-5853	110	6	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	110	7	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
easat-5853	110	8	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	110	9	terms	term	NOUN
easat-5853	110	10	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	110	11	initial	initial	ADJ
easat-5853	110	12	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	110	13	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	110	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	110	15	verified	verify	VERB
easat-5853	110	16	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	110	17	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-5853	110	18	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	110	19	test	test	ADJ
easat-5853	110	20	scores	score	NOUN
easat-5853	110	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	110	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	110	23	demographic	demographic	ADJ
easat-5853	110	24	background	background	NOUN
easat-5853	110	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	111	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	111	2	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	111	3	attended	attend	VERB
easat-5853	111	4	classes	class	NOUN
easat-5853	111	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	111	6	equal	equal	ADJ
easat-5853	111	7	duration	duration	NOUN
easat-5853	111	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	111	9	had	have	VERB
easat-5853	111	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	111	11	same	same	ADJ
easat-5853	111	12	instructional	instructional	ADJ
easat-5853	111	13	content	content	NOUN
easat-5853	111	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	111	15	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	111	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	111	17	only	only	ADJ
easat-5853	111	18	difference	difference	NOUN
easat-5853	111	19	being	be	AUX
easat-5853	111	20	the	the	DET
easat-5853	111	21	availability	availability	NOUN
easat-5853	111	22	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	111	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	111	24	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	111	25	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	111	26	extra	extra	ADJ
easat-5853	111	27	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	111	28	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	111	29	the	the	DET
easat-5853	111	30	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	111	31	condition	condition	NOUN
easat-5853	111	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	112	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	112	2	quasi	quasi	ADJ
easat-5853	112	3	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	112	4	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	112	5	setup	setup	NOUN
easat-5853	112	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	112	7	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	112	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	112	9	assisted	assist	VERB
easat-5853	112	10	vs.	vs.	ADP
easat-5853	112	11	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	112	12	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	112	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	112	14	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	112	15	chosen	choose	VERB
easat-5853	112	16	to	to	PART
easat-5853	112	17	isolate	isolate	VERB
easat-5853	112	18	the	the	DET
easat-5853	112	19	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-5853	112	20	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	112	21	the	the	DET
easat-5853	112	22	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	112	23	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	112	24	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	112	25	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	112	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	113	1	all	all	DET
easat-5853	113	2	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-5853	113	3	gave	give	VERB
easat-5853	113	4	informed	informed	ADJ
easat-5853	113	5	consent	consent	NOUN
easat-5853	113	6	to	to	PART
easat-5853	113	7	partake	partake	VERB
easat-5853	113	8	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	113	9	the	the	DET
easat-5853	113	10	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	113	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	114	1	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	114	2	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	114	3	informed	inform	VERB
easat-5853	114	4	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	114	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	114	6	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	114	7	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	114	8	purpose	purpose	NOUN
easat-5853	114	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	114	10	assured	assure	VERB
easat-5853	114	11	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	114	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	114	13	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	114	14	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	114	15	a	a	DET
easat-5853	114	16	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	114	17	to	to	PART
easat-5853	114	18	assist	assist	VERB
easat-5853	114	19	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	114	20	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	114	21	rather	rather	ADV
easat-5853	114	22	than	than	ADP
easat-5853	114	23	a	a	DET
easat-5853	114	24	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	114	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	115	1	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-5853	115	2	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	115	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	115	4	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	115	5	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	115	6	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	115	7	briefed	brief	VERB
easat-5853	115	8	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	115	9	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	115	10	to	to	PART
easat-5853	115	11	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	115	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	115	13	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	115	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	115	15	encouraged	encourage	VERB
easat-5853	115	16	to	to	PART
easat-5853	115	17	interact	interact	VERB
easat-5853	115	18	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	115	19	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	115	20	regularly	regularly	ADV
easat-5853	115	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	115	22	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	115	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	115	24	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	115	25	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	115	26	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	115	27	encouraged	encourage	VERB
easat-5853	115	28	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	115	29	2620	2620	NUM
easat-5853	115	30	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	115	31	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	115	32	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	115	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	115	34	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	115	35	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	115	36	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	115	37	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	115	38	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	115	39	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	115	40	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	115	41	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	116	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	116	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	116	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	116	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	117	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	117	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	117	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	117	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	117	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	117	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	117	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	117	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	117	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	117	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	117	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	117	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	117	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	117	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	117	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	117	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	117	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	117	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	117	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5853	117	20	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	117	21	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	117	22	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-5853	117	23	methods	method	NOUN
easat-5853	117	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	117	25	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	117	26	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	117	27	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	117	28	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	117	29	classmates	classmate	NOUN
easat-5853	117	30	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	117	31	completing	complete	VERB
easat-5853	117	32	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-5853	117	33	worksheets	worksheet	NOUN
easat-5853	117	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	117	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	118	1	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	118	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	118	3	end	end	NOUN
easat-5853	118	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	118	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	118	6	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	118	7	period	period	NOUN
easat-5853	118	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	118	9	the	the	DET
easat-5853	118	10	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	118	11	gathered	gather	VERB
easat-5853	118	12	both	both	DET
easat-5853	118	13	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-5853	118	14	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-5853	118	15	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	118	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	118	17	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	118	18	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	118	19	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	118	20	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-5853	118	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	118	22	both	both	DET
easat-5853	118	23	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5853	118	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	119	1	3.2	3.2	NUM
easat-5853	119	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	119	3	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	119	4	selection	selection	NOUN
easat-5853	119	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	119	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-5853	119	7	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	119	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	119	9	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	119	10	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	119	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	119	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	119	13	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	119	14	selected	select	VERB
easat-5853	119	15	a	a	DET
easat-5853	119	16	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	119	17	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	119	18	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	119	19	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	119	20	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	119	21	engage	engage	VERB
easat-5853	119	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	119	23	free	free	ADJ
easat-5853	119	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	119	25	form	form	NOUN
easat-5853	119	26	english	english	ADJ
easat-5853	119	27	dialogue	dialogue	NOUN
easat-5853	119	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	119	29	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	119	30	immediate	immediate	ADJ
easat-5853	119	31	corrective	corrective	ADJ
easat-5853	119	32	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	119	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	120	2	selection	selection	NOUN
easat-5853	120	3	criteria	criterion	NOUN
easat-5853	120	4	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	120	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	120	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	120	7	included	include	VERB
easat-5853	120	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	10	a	a	X
easat-5853	120	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	12	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	120	13	capability	capability	NOUN
easat-5853	120	14	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	15	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	120	16	needed	need	VERB
easat-5853	120	17	to	to	PART
easat-5853	120	18	handle	handle	VERB
easat-5853	120	19	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
easat-5853	120	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	21	level	level	NOUN
easat-5853	120	22	english	english	NOUN
easat-5853	120	23	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	120	24	a	a	DET
easat-5853	120	25	wide	wide	ADJ
easat-5853	120	26	range	range	NOUN
easat-5853	120	27	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	120	28	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	120	29	topics	topic	NOUN
easat-5853	120	30	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	31	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	32	b	b	X
easat-5853	120	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	34	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	120	35	features	feature	NOUN
easat-5853	120	36	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	37	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	120	38	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	120	39	correct	correct	VERB
easat-5853	120	40	user	user	NOUN
easat-5853	120	41	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	120	42	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	120	43	suggest	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	120	44	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	120	45	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	120	46	grammar	grammar	NOUN
easat-5853	120	47	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	120	48	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
easat-5853	120	49	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	50	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	51	c	c	X
easat-5853	120	52	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	53	user	user	NOUN
easat-5853	120	54	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	55	friendliness	friendliness	ADJ
easat-5853	120	56	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	57	a	a	DET
easat-5853	120	58	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-5853	120	59	interface	interface	NOUN
easat-5853	120	60	accessible	accessible	ADJ
easat-5853	120	61	via	via	ADP
easat-5853	120	62	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	120	63	’	'	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	64	devices	device	NOUN
easat-5853	120	65	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	66	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	120	67	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	68	d	d	NOUN
easat-5853	120	69	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	70	consistency	consistency	NOUN
easat-5853	120	71	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	120	72	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-5853	120	73	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	120	74	stable	stable	ADJ
easat-5853	120	75	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-5853	120	76	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	120	77	minimal	minimal	ADJ
easat-5853	120	78	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-5853	120	79	glitches	glitch	NOUN
easat-5853	120	80	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	121	1	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	121	2	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
easat-5853	121	3	several	several	ADJ
easat-5853	121	4	available	available	ADJ
easat-5853	121	5	ai	ai	PROPN
easat-5853	121	6	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	121	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	121	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	121	9	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	121	10	chose	choose	VERB
easat-5853	121	11	a	a	DET
easat-5853	121	12	platform	platform	NOUN
easat-5853	121	13	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	121	14	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	121	15	a	a	DET
easat-5853	121	16	large	large	ADJ
easat-5853	121	17	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	121	18	model	model	NOUN
easat-5853	121	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	121	20	comparable	comparable	ADJ
easat-5853	121	21	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	121	22	gpt-3.5	gpt-3.5	NOUN
easat-5853	121	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	121	24	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	121	25	its	its	PRON
easat-5853	121	26	fluency	fluency	NOUN
easat-5853	121	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	121	28	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-5853	121	29	to	to	PART
easat-5853	121	30	adapt	adapt	VERB
easat-5853	121	31	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	121	32	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	121	33	user	user	NOUN
easat-5853	121	34	input	input	NOUN
easat-5853	121	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	122	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	122	2	chosen	choose	VERB
easat-5853	122	3	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	122	4	had	have	AUX
easat-5853	122	5	been	be	AUX
easat-5853	122	6	pre	pre	VERB
easat-5853	122	7	-	-	VERB
easat-5853	122	8	loaded	load	VERB
easat-5853	122	9	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	122	10	an	an	DET
easat-5853	122	11	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5853	122	12	mode	mode	NOUN
easat-5853	122	13	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	122	14	allowed	allow	VERB
easat-5853	122	15	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	122	16	to	to	PART
easat-5853	122	17	act	act	VERB
easat-5853	122	18	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	122	19	a	a	DET
easat-5853	122	20	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	122	21	tutor	tutor	NOUN
easat-5853	122	22	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	122	23	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	122	24	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	122	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	122	26	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	122	27	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	122	28	gently	gently	ADV
easat-5853	122	29	point	point	VERB
easat-5853	122	30	out	out	ADP
easat-5853	122	31	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
easat-5853	122	32	errors	error	NOUN
easat-5853	122	33	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	122	34	the	the	DET
easat-5853	122	35	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	122	36	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	122	37	input	input	NOUN
easat-5853	122	38	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	122	39	answer	answer	VERB
easat-5853	122	40	questions	question	NOUN
easat-5853	122	41	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	122	42	word	word	NOUN
easat-5853	122	43	usage	usage	NOUN
easat-5853	122	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	123	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	123	2	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	123	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	123	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	123	5	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	123	6	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	123	7	implemented	implement	VERB
easat-5853	123	8	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	123	9	a	a	DET
easat-5853	123	10	mobile	mobile	ADJ
easat-5853	123	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	123	12	web	web	NOUN
easat-5853	123	13	application	application	NOUN
easat-5853	123	14	so	so	SCONJ
easat-5853	123	15	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	123	16	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	123	17	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	123	18	chat	chat	VERB
easat-5853	123	19	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	123	20	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	123	21	via	via	ADP
easat-5853	123	22	text	text	NOUN
easat-5853	123	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	124	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	124	2	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	124	3	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	124	4	text	text	NOUN
easat-5853	124	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	124	6	based	base	VERB
easat-5853	124	7	to	to	PART
easat-5853	124	8	allow	allow	VERB
easat-5853	124	9	the	the	DET
easat-5853	124	10	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	124	11	to	to	PART
easat-5853	124	12	easily	easily	ADV
easat-5853	124	13	analyze	analyze	VERB
easat-5853	124	14	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	124	15	input	input	NOUN
easat-5853	124	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	124	17	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	124	18	written	write	VERB
easat-5853	124	19	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	124	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	124	21	although	although	SCONJ
easat-5853	124	22	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	124	23	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	124	24	encouraged	encourage	VERB
easat-5853	124	25	to	to	PART
easat-5853	124	26	read	read	VERB
easat-5853	124	27	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	124	28	aloud	aloud	ADV
easat-5853	124	29	to	to	PART
easat-5853	124	30	practice	practice	VERB
easat-5853	124	31	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
easat-5853	124	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	125	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	125	2	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	125	3	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	125	4	configured	configure	VERB
easat-5853	125	5	to	to	PART
easat-5853	125	6	simulate	simulate	VERB
easat-5853	125	7	a	a	DET
easat-5853	125	8	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	125	9	partner	partner	NOUN
easat-5853	125	10	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	125	11	practicing	practice	VERB
easat-5853	125	12	everyday	everyday	ADJ
easat-5853	125	13	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	125	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	126	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	126	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-5853	126	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	126	4	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	126	5	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	126	6	role	role	VERB
easat-5853	126	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	126	8	play	play	VERB
easat-5853	126	9	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-5853	126	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	126	11	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	126	12	ordering	order	VERB
easat-5853	126	13	food	food	NOUN
easat-5853	126	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	126	15	casual	casual	ADJ
easat-5853	126	16	conversations	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	126	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	126	18	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	126	19	discussing	discuss	VERB
easat-5853	126	20	a	a	DET
easat-5853	126	21	news	news	NOUN
easat-5853	126	22	article	article	NOUN
easat-5853	126	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	126	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	126	25	prompt	prompt	VERB
easat-5853	126	26	the	the	DET
easat-5853	126	27	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	126	28	to	to	PART
easat-5853	126	29	respond	respond	VERB
easat-5853	126	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	127	1	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	127	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	127	3	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	127	4	made	make	VERB
easat-5853	127	5	a	a	DET
easat-5853	127	6	mistake	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	127	7	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	127	8	seemed	seem	VERB
easat-5853	127	9	stuck	stuck	ADJ
easat-5853	127	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	127	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	127	12	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	127	13	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	127	14	offer	offer	VERB
easat-5853	127	15	hints	hint	NOUN
easat-5853	127	16	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	127	17	corrections	correction	NOUN
easat-5853	127	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	128	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	128	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	128	3	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	128	4	programmed	program	VERB
easat-5853	128	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	128	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	128	7	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	128	8	a	a	DET
easat-5853	128	9	degree	degree	NOUN
easat-5853	128	10	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	128	11	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
easat-5853	128	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	128	13	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	128	14	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	128	15	switch	switch	VERB
easat-5853	128	16	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	128	17	the	the	DET
easat-5853	128	18	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	128	19	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	128	20	first	first	ADJ
easat-5853	128	21	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	128	22	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	128	23	a	a	DET
easat-5853	128	24	quick	quick	ADJ
easat-5853	128	25	explanation	explanation	NOUN
easat-5853	128	26	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	128	27	asked	ask	VERB
easat-5853	128	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	128	29	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	128	30	primarily	primarily	ADV
easat-5853	128	31	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-5853	128	32	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	128	33	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	128	34	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	128	35	to	to	PART
easat-5853	128	36	maximize	maximize	VERB
easat-5853	128	37	immersion	immersion	NOUN
easat-5853	128	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	129	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	129	2	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	129	3	logs	log	NOUN
easat-5853	129	4	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	129	5	saved	save	VERB
easat-5853	129	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	129	7	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	129	8	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	129	9	permission	permission	NOUN
easat-5853	129	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	129	11	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	129	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	129	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	129	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	129	15	to	to	PART
easat-5853	129	16	allow	allow	VERB
easat-5853	129	17	researchers	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	129	18	to	to	PART
easat-5853	129	19	see	see	VERB
easat-5853	129	20	the	the	DET
easat-5853	129	21	nature	nature	NOUN
easat-5853	129	22	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	129	23	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	129	24	given	give	VERB
easat-5853	129	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	130	1	to	to	PART
easat-5853	130	2	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	130	3	content	content	NOUN
easat-5853	130	4	appropriateness	appropriateness	NOUN
easat-5853	130	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	130	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	130	7	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	130	8	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	130	9	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	130	10	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	130	11	monitored	monitor	VERB
easat-5853	130	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	130	13	filtered	filter	VERB
easat-5853	130	14	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	130	15	any	any	DET
easat-5853	130	16	offensive	offensive	ADJ
easat-5853	130	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	130	18	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
easat-5853	130	19	content	content	NOUN
easat-5853	130	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	131	1	throughout	throughout	ADP
easat-5853	131	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	131	3	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	131	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	131	5	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-5853	131	6	support	support	NOUN
easat-5853	131	7	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	131	8	available	available	ADJ
easat-5853	131	9	in	in	SCONJ
easat-5853	131	10	case	case	NOUN
easat-5853	131	11	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	131	12	encountered	encounter	VERB
easat-5853	131	13	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-5853	131	14	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	131	15	accessing	access	VERB
easat-5853	131	16	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	131	17	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	131	18	the	the	DET
easat-5853	131	19	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	131	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	132	1	no	no	DET
easat-5853	132	2	major	major	ADJ
easat-5853	132	3	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-5853	132	4	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-5853	132	5	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	132	6	reported	report	VERB
easat-5853	132	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	132	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	132	9	usage	usage	NOUN
easat-5853	132	10	statistics	statistic	NOUN
easat-5853	132	11	indicated	indicate	VERB
easat-5853	132	12	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	132	13	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	132	14	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	132	15	generally	generally	ADV
easat-5853	132	16	able	able	ADJ
easat-5853	132	17	to	to	PART
easat-5853	132	18	interact	interact	VERB
easat-5853	132	19	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	132	20	the	the	DET
easat-5853	132	21	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	132	22	smoothly	smoothly	ADV
easat-5853	132	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	133	1	3.3	3.3	NUM
easat-5853	133	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	134	1	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	134	2	collection	collection	NOUN
easat-5853	134	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	134	4	procedure	procedure	NOUN
easat-5853	134	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	134	6	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	134	7	ran	run	VERB
easat-5853	134	8	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	134	9	8	8	NUM
easat-5853	134	10	weeks	week	NOUN
easat-5853	134	11	during	during	ADP
easat-5853	134	12	an	an	DET
easat-5853	134	13	academic	academic	ADJ
easat-5853	134	14	semester	semester	NOUN
easat-5853	134	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	135	1	both	both	DET
easat-5853	135	2	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5853	135	3	covered	cover	VERB
easat-5853	135	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	135	5	same	same	ADJ
easat-5853	135	6	instructional	instructional	ADJ
easat-5853	135	7	material	material	NOUN
easat-5853	135	8	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	135	9	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	135	10	regular	regular	ADJ
easat-5853	135	11	classes	class	NOUN
easat-5853	135	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	135	13	focusing	focus	VERB
easat-5853	135	14	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	135	15	improving	improve	VERB
easat-5853	135	16	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	135	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	135	18	listening	listening	NOUN
easat-5853	135	19	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	135	20	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	135	21	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	135	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	135	23	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-5853	135	24	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
easat-5853	135	25	development	development	NOUN
easat-5853	135	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	136	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	136	2	procedure	procedure	NOUN
easat-5853	136	3	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	136	4	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	136	5	collection	collection	NOUN
easat-5853	136	6	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	136	7	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	136	8	follows	follow	VERB
easat-5853	136	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	136	10	1	1	X
easat-5853	136	11	.	.	X
easat-5853	136	12	pre	pre	VERB
easat-5853	136	13	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	136	14	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	136	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	136	16	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	136	17	the	the	DET
easat-5853	136	18	first	first	ADJ
easat-5853	136	19	week	week	NOUN
easat-5853	136	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	136	21	all	all	DET
easat-5853	136	22	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-5853	136	23	underwent	undergo	VERB
easat-5853	136	24	a	a	DET
easat-5853	136	25	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	136	26	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	136	27	pre	pre	NOUN
easat-5853	136	28	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	136	29	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	136	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	137	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	137	2	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	137	3	involved	involve	VERB
easat-5853	137	4	an	an	DET
easat-5853	137	5	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5853	137	6	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	137	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	137	8	a	a	DET
easat-5853	137	9	standardized	standardized	ADJ
easat-5853	137	10	speaking	speaking	NOUN
easat-5853	137	11	task	task	NOUN
easat-5853	137	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	137	13	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-5853	137	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	137	15	describing	describe	VERB
easat-5853	137	16	a	a	DET
easat-5853	137	17	picture	picture	NOUN
easat-5853	137	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	137	19	answering	answer	VERB
easat-5853	137	20	questions	question	NOUN
easat-5853	137	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	137	22	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
easat-5853	137	23	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	137	24	two	two	NUM
easat-5853	137	25	independent	independent	ADJ
easat-5853	137	26	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	137	27	instructors	instructor	NOUN
easat-5853	137	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	138	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	138	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	138	3	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	138	4	a	a	DET
easat-5853	138	5	rubric	rubric	ADJ
easat-5853	138	6	rating	rating	NOUN
easat-5853	138	7	fluency	fluency	NOUN
easat-5853	138	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	138	9	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
easat-5853	138	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	138	11	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
easat-5853	138	12	range	range	NOUN
easat-5853	138	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	138	14	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
easat-5853	138	15	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-5853	138	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	138	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	138	18	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-5853	138	19	coherence	coherence	NOUN
easat-5853	138	20	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	138	21	a	a	DET
easat-5853	138	22	0–10	0–10	NOUN
easat-5853	138	23	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-5853	138	24	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	138	25	each	each	DET
easat-5853	138	26	category	category	NOUN
easat-5853	138	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	138	28	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	138	29	a	a	DET
easat-5853	138	30	total	total	ADJ
easat-5853	138	31	speaking	speaking	NOUN
easat-5853	138	32	score	score	NOUN
easat-5853	138	33	out	out	ADP
easat-5853	138	34	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	138	35	50	50	NUM
easat-5853	138	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	138	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	139	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	139	2	pre	pre	NOUN
easat-5853	139	3	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	139	4	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	139	5	established	establish	VERB
easat-5853	139	6	a	a	DET
easat-5853	139	7	baseline	baseline	NOUN
easat-5853	139	8	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	139	9	each	each	DET
easat-5853	139	10	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	139	11	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	139	12	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	139	13	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-5853	139	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	140	1	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-5853	140	2	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	140	3	filled	fill	VERB
easat-5853	140	4	out	out	ADP
easat-5853	140	5	a	a	DET
easat-5853	140	6	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	140	7	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	140	8	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-5853	140	9	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	140	10	included	include	VERB
easat-5853	140	11	items	item	NOUN
easat-5853	140	12	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	140	13	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	140	14	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-5853	140	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	140	16	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	140	17	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	140	18	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	140	19	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	140	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	140	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	140	22	willingness	willingness	NOUN
easat-5853	140	23	to	to	PART
easat-5853	140	24	communicate	communicate	VERB
easat-5853	140	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	140	26	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	140	27	a	a	DET
easat-5853	140	28	likert	likert	ADJ
easat-5853	140	29	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-5853	140	30	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	140	31	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	140	32	=	=	SYM
easat-5853	140	33	strongly	strongly	ADV
easat-5853	140	34	disagree	disagree	VERB
easat-5853	140	35	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	140	36	5	5	NUM
easat-5853	140	37	=	=	PRON
easat-5853	140	38	strongly	strongly	ADV
easat-5853	140	39	agree	agree	VERB
easat-5853	140	40	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	140	41	statements	statement	NOUN
easat-5853	140	42	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	140	43	enjoying	enjoy	VERB
easat-5853	140	44	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	140	45	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	140	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	140	47	etc	etc	X
easat-5853	140	48	.	.	X
easat-5853	140	49	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	140	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	141	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	141	2	provided	provide	VERB
easat-5853	141	3	baseline	baseline	NOUN
easat-5853	141	4	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	141	5	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	141	6	affective	affective	ADJ
easat-5853	141	7	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-5853	141	8	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	141	9	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	141	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	141	11	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	141	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	142	1	2	2	X
easat-5853	142	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	142	3	intervention	intervention	NOUN
easat-5853	142	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	142	5	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	142	6	weeks	week	NOUN
easat-5853	142	7	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	142	8	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	142	9	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	142	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	142	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	142	12	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	142	13	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	142	14	had	have	VERB
easat-5853	142	15	access	access	NOUN
easat-5853	142	16	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	142	17	the	the	DET
easat-5853	142	18	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	142	19	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	142	20	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	142	21	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	142	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	142	23	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	142	24	the	the	DET
easat-5853	142	25	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	142	26	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	142	27	continued	continue	VERB
easat-5853	142	28	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	142	29	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	142	30	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	142	31	methods	method	NOUN
easat-5853	142	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	143	1	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	143	2	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	143	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	143	4	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	143	5	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	143	6	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	143	7	instructed	instruct	VERB
easat-5853	143	8	to	to	PART
easat-5853	143	9	have	have	VERB
easat-5853	143	10	at	at	ADV
easat-5853	143	11	least	least	ADV
easat-5853	143	12	three	three	NUM
easat-5853	143	13	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	143	14	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	143	15	sessions	session	NOUN
easat-5853	143	16	per	per	ADP
easat-5853	143	17	week	week	NOUN
easat-5853	143	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	143	19	approximately	approximately	ADV
easat-5853	143	20	15–20	15–20	NUM
easat-5853	143	21	minutes	minute	NOUN
easat-5853	143	22	each	each	PRON
easat-5853	143	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	143	24	outside	outside	ADP
easat-5853	143	25	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	143	26	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	143	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	143	28	focused	focus	VERB
easat-5853	143	29	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	143	30	that	that	DET
easat-5853	143	31	week	week	NOUN
easat-5853	143	32	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	143	33	topics	topic	NOUN
easat-5853	143	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	143	35	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-5853	143	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	143	37	discussing	discuss	VERB
easat-5853	143	38	hobbies	hobby	NOUN
easat-5853	143	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	143	40	retelling	retell	VERB
easat-5853	143	41	a	a	DET
easat-5853	143	42	story	story	NOUN
easat-5853	143	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	143	44	debating	debate	VERB
easat-5853	143	45	a	a	DET
easat-5853	143	46	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-5853	143	47	issue	issue	NOUN
easat-5853	143	48	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	143	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	144	1	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	144	2	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	144	3	free	free	ADJ
easat-5853	144	4	to	to	PART
easat-5853	144	5	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	144	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	144	7	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	144	8	2621	2621	NUM
easat-5853	144	9	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	144	10	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	144	11	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	144	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	144	13	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	144	14	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	144	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	144	16	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	144	17	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	144	18	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	144	19	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	144	20	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	145	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	145	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	145	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	145	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	146	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	146	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	146	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	146	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	146	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	146	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	146	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	146	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	146	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	146	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	146	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	146	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	146	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	146	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	146	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	146	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	146	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	146	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	146	19	gate	gate	VERB
easat-5853	146	20	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	146	21	often	often	ADV
easat-5853	146	22	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	146	23	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	146	24	wished	wish	VERB
easat-5853	146	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	146	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	146	27	the	the	DET
easat-5853	146	28	app	app	NOUN
easat-5853	146	29	logged	log	VERB
easat-5853	146	30	each	each	DET
easat-5853	146	31	session	session	NOUN
easat-5853	146	32	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	146	33	duration	duration	NOUN
easat-5853	146	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	146	35	content	content	NOUN
easat-5853	146	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	147	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	147	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-5853	147	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	147	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	147	5	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	147	6	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	147	7	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	147	8	assigned	assign	VERB
easat-5853	147	9	alternative	alternative	ADJ
easat-5853	147	10	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	147	11	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5853	147	12	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	147	13	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	147	14	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	147	15	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	147	16	a	a	DET
easat-5853	147	17	partner	partner	NOUN
easat-5853	147	18	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	147	19	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	147	20	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	147	21	recording	record	VERB
easat-5853	147	22	themselves	themselves	PRON
easat-5853	147	23	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	147	24	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	147	25	a	a	DET
easat-5853	147	26	topic	topic	NOUN
easat-5853	147	27	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	147	28	these	these	DET
easat-5853	147	29	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5853	147	30	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	147	31	monitored	monitor	VERB
easat-5853	147	32	through	through	ADP
easat-5853	147	33	classwork	classwork	NOUN
easat-5853	147	34	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	147	35	did	do	AUX
easat-5853	147	36	not	not	PART
easat-5853	147	37	involve	involve	VERB
easat-5853	147	38	the	the	DET
easat-5853	147	39	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	147	40	assistant	assistant	NOUN
easat-5853	147	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	148	1	during	during	ADP
easat-5853	148	2	this	this	DET
easat-5853	148	3	period	period	NOUN
easat-5853	148	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	148	5	both	both	DET
easat-5853	148	6	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5853	148	7	continued	continue	VERB
easat-5853	148	8	attending	attend	VERB
easat-5853	148	9	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	148	10	normal	normal	ADJ
easat-5853	148	11	classes	class	NOUN
easat-5853	148	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	148	13	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5853	148	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	148	15	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-5853	148	16	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	148	17	identical	identical	ADJ
easat-5853	148	18	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	148	19	both	both	DET
easat-5853	148	20	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5853	148	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	149	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	149	2	only	only	ADJ
easat-5853	149	3	difference	difference	NOUN
easat-5853	149	4	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	149	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	149	6	extra	extra	ADJ
easat-5853	149	7	out	out	ADJ
easat-5853	149	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	149	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	149	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	149	11	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	149	12	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	149	13	method	method	NOUN
easat-5853	149	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	150	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	150	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	150	3	checked	check	VERB
easat-5853	150	4	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	150	5	weekly	weekly	NOUN
easat-5853	150	6	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	150	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	150	8	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	150	9	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	150	10	to	to	PART
easat-5853	150	11	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	150	12	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	150	13	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	150	14	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
easat-5853	150	15	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	150	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	150	17	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	150	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	150	19	to	to	PART
easat-5853	150	20	record	record	VERB
easat-5853	150	21	any	any	DET
easat-5853	150	22	immediate	immediate	ADJ
easat-5853	150	23	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	150	24	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	150	25	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-5853	150	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	151	1	3	3	X
easat-5853	151	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	151	3	post	post	NOUN
easat-5853	151	4	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	151	5	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	151	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	151	7	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	151	8	week	week	NOUN
easat-5853	151	9	8	8	NUM
easat-5853	151	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	151	11	both	both	DET
easat-5853	151	12	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5853	151	13	took	take	VERB
easat-5853	151	14	a	a	DET
easat-5853	151	15	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	151	16	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	151	17	post	post	NOUN
easat-5853	151	18	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	151	19	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	151	20	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-5853	151	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	151	22	format	format	NOUN
easat-5853	151	23	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	151	24	the	the	DET
easat-5853	151	25	pre	pre	NOUN
easat-5853	151	26	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	151	27	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	151	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	152	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	152	2	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-5853	152	3	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	152	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	152	5	comparable	comparable	ADJ
easat-5853	152	6	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
easat-5853	152	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	152	8	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	152	9	scored	score	VERB
easat-5853	152	10	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	152	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	152	12	same	same	ADJ
easat-5853	152	13	rubric	rubric	NOUN
easat-5853	152	14	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	152	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	152	16	same	same	ADJ
easat-5853	152	17	instructors	instructor	NOUN
easat-5853	152	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	152	19	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	152	20	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	152	21	blind	blind	ADJ
easat-5853	152	22	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	152	23	which	which	DET
easat-5853	152	24	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	152	25	each	each	DET
easat-5853	152	26	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	152	27	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	152	28	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	152	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	152	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	153	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	153	2	post	post	ADJ
easat-5853	153	3	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	153	4	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	153	5	aimed	aim	VERB
easat-5853	153	6	to	to	PART
easat-5853	153	7	measure	measure	VERB
easat-5853	153	8	any	any	DET
easat-5853	153	9	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	153	10	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	153	11	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	153	12	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	153	13	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	153	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	153	15	six	six	NUM
easat-5853	153	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	153	17	week	week	NOUN
easat-5853	153	18	intervention	intervention	NOUN
easat-5853	153	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	154	1	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	154	2	again	again	ADV
easat-5853	154	3	completed	complete	VERB
easat-5853	154	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	154	5	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	154	6	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	154	7	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-5853	154	8	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	154	9	post	post	NOUN
easat-5853	154	10	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	154	11	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	154	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	154	13	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	154	14	included	include	VERB
easat-5853	154	15	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-5853	154	16	questions	question	NOUN
easat-5853	154	17	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-5853	154	18	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	154	19	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	154	20	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	154	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	154	22	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	154	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	154	24	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	154	25	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	154	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	154	27	questions	question	NOUN
easat-5853	154	28	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	154	29	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	154	30	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN
easat-5853	154	31	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	154	32	the	the	DET
easat-5853	154	33	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	154	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	154	35	perceived	perceive	VERB
easat-5853	154	36	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	154	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	154	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	154	39	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	154	40	the	the	DET
easat-5853	154	41	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	154	42	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	154	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	154	44	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	154	45	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN
easat-5853	154	46	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	154	47	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	154	48	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	154	49	methods	method	NOUN
easat-5853	154	50	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	154	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	155	1	4	4	X
easat-5853	155	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	155	3	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	155	4	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	155	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	155	6	to	to	PART
easat-5853	155	7	complement	complement	VERB
easat-5853	155	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	155	9	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-5853	155	10	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	155	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	155	12	we	we	PRON
easat-5853	155	13	collected	collect	VERB
easat-5853	155	14	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	155	15	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-5853	155	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	156	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	156	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	156	3	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-5853	156	4	semi	semi	ADJ
easat-5853	156	5	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	156	6	structured	structured	ADJ
easat-5853	156	7	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	156	8	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	156	9	a	a	DET
easat-5853	156	10	subset	subset	NOUN
easat-5853	156	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	156	12	10	10	NUM
easat-5853	156	13	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	156	14	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	156	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	156	16	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	156	17	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	156	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	156	19	5	5	NUM
easat-5853	156	20	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	156	21	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	156	22	the	the	DET
easat-5853	156	23	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	156	24	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	156	25	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	156	26	the	the	DET
easat-5853	156	27	post	post	NOUN
easat-5853	156	28	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	156	29	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	156	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	157	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	157	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	157	3	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	157	4	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	157	5	focused	focus	VERB
easat-5853	157	6	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	157	7	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	157	8	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	157	9	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	157	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	157	11	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	157	12	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	157	13	what	what	PRON
easat-5853	157	14	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	157	15	found	find	VERB
easat-5853	157	16	helpful	helpful	ADJ
easat-5853	157	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	157	18	challenging	challenging	ADJ
easat-5853	157	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	157	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	157	21	any	any	DET
easat-5853	157	22	noticeable	noticeable	ADJ
easat-5853	157	23	changes	change	NOUN
easat-5853	157	24	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	157	25	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	157	26	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	157	27	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	157	28	process	process	NOUN
easat-5853	157	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	158	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	158	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	158	3	asked	ask	VERB
easat-5853	158	4	questions	question	NOUN
easat-5853	158	5	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	158	6	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	158	7	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	158	8	did	do	AUX
easat-5853	158	9	chatting	chat	VERB
easat-5853	158	10	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	158	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	158	12	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	158	13	assistant	assistant	NOUN
easat-5853	158	14	compare	compare	NOUN
easat-5853	158	15	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	158	16	practicing	practice	VERB
easat-5853	158	17	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	158	18	classmates	classmate	NOUN
easat-5853	158	19	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	158	20	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	158	21	yourself	yourself	PRON
easat-5853	158	22	?	?	PUNCT
easat-5853	158	23	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	158	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	158	25	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	158	26	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	158	27	you	you	PRON
easat-5853	158	28	share	share	VERB
easat-5853	158	29	an	an	DET
easat-5853	158	30	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	158	31	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	158	32	a	a	DET
easat-5853	158	33	helpful	helpful	ADJ
easat-5853	158	34	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	158	35	you	you	PRON
easat-5853	158	36	had	have	VERB
easat-5853	158	37	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	158	38	the	the	DET
easat-5853	158	39	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	158	40	?	?	PUNCT
easat-5853	158	41	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	158	42	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	158	43	the	the	DET
easat-5853	158	44	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	158	45	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	158	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	158	47	the	the	DET
easat-5853	158	48	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	158	49	asked	ask	VERB
easat-5853	158	50	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	158	51	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	158	52	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	158	53	habits	habit	NOUN
easat-5853	158	54	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	158	55	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	158	56	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	158	57	felt	feel	VERB
easat-5853	158	58	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	158	59	lacked	lack	VERB
easat-5853	158	60	any	any	DET
easat-5853	158	61	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-5853	158	62	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	158	63	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	158	64	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	159	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-5853	159	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	159	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	159	4	two	two	NUM
easat-5853	159	5	instructors	instructor	NOUN
easat-5853	159	6	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	159	7	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
easat-5853	159	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	159	9	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	159	10	tests	test	NOUN
easat-5853	159	11	provided	provide	VERB
easat-5853	159	12	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	159	13	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-5853	159	14	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	159	15	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	159	16	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-5853	159	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	159	18	participation	participation	NOUN
easat-5853	159	19	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	159	20	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	159	21	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	159	22	both	both	DET
easat-5853	159	23	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5853	159	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	160	1	these	these	DET
easat-5853	160	2	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	160	3	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	160	4	audio	audio	NOUN
easat-5853	160	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	160	6	recorded	record	VERB
easat-5853	160	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	160	8	transcribed	transcribe	VERB
easat-5853	160	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	160	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	160	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	161	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	161	2	goal	goal	NOUN
easat-5853	161	3	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	161	4	to	to	PART
easat-5853	161	5	identify	identify	VERB
easat-5853	161	6	common	common	ADJ
easat-5853	161	7	themes	theme	NOUN
easat-5853	161	8	regarding	regard	VERB
easat-5853	161	9	the	the	DET
easat-5853	161	10	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	161	11	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	161	12	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-5853	161	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	161	14	any	any	DET
easat-5853	161	15	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-5853	161	16	faced	face	VERB
easat-5853	161	17	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	161	18	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	161	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	162	1	4	4	X
easat-5853	162	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	162	3	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	162	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	162	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	162	6	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	162	7	adopted	adopt	VERB
easat-5853	162	8	a	a	DET
easat-5853	162	9	mixed	mixed	ADJ
easat-5853	162	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	162	11	methods	method	NOUN
easat-5853	162	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	162	13	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5853	162	14	to	to	PART
easat-5853	162	15	interpret	interpret	VERB
easat-5853	162	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	162	17	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	162	18	collected	collect	VERB
easat-5853	162	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	163	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	163	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	163	3	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-5853	163	4	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	163	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	163	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	163	7	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	163	8	first	first	ADV
easat-5853	163	9	ensured	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	163	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	163	11	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-5853	163	12	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	163	13	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	163	14	measures	measure	NOUN
easat-5853	163	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	164	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	164	2	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	164	3	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	164	4	ratings	rating	NOUN
easat-5853	164	5	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	164	6	two	two	NUM
easat-5853	164	7	instructors	instructor	NOUN
easat-5853	164	8	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	164	9	compared	compare	VERB
easat-5853	164	10	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	164	11	inter	inter	ADJ
easat-5853	164	12	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	164	13	rater	rater	ADJ
easat-5853	164	14	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-5853	164	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	164	16	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	164	17	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	164	18	high	high	ADJ
easat-5853	164	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	164	20	intraclass	intraclass	NOUN
easat-5853	164	21	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-5853	164	22	>	>	X
easat-5853	164	23	0.9	0.9	NUM
easat-5853	164	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	164	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	164	26	so	so	ADV
easat-5853	164	27	the	the	DET
easat-5853	164	28	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	164	29	averaged	average	VERB
easat-5853	164	30	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	164	31	scores	score	NOUN
easat-5853	164	32	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	164	33	each	each	DET
easat-5853	164	34	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	164	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	165	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	165	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	165	3	then	then	ADV
easat-5853	165	4	computed	compute	VERB
easat-5853	165	5	gain	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	165	6	scores	score	NOUN
easat-5853	165	7	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	165	8	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	165	9	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	165	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	165	11	post	post	ADJ
easat-5853	165	12	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	165	13	test	t	ADJ
easat-5853	165	14	minus	minus	CCONJ
easat-5853	165	15	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-5853	165	16	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	165	17	test	test	ADJ
easat-5853	165	18	score	score	NOUN
easat-5853	165	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	165	20	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	165	21	each	each	DET
easat-5853	165	22	participant	participant	NOUN
easat-5853	165	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	166	1	an	an	DET
easat-5853	166	2	independent	independent	ADJ
easat-5853	166	3	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-5853	166	4	ttest	tt	ADJ
easat-5853	166	5	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	166	6	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	166	7	to	to	PART
easat-5853	166	8	compare	compare	VERB
easat-5853	166	9	the	the	DET
easat-5853	166	10	mean	mean	ADJ
easat-5853	166	11	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	166	12	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	166	13	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	166	14	scores	score	NOUN
easat-5853	166	15	between	between	ADP
easat-5853	166	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	166	17	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	166	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	166	19	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	166	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	166	21	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	166	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	166	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	166	24	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	166	25	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	166	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	167	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	167	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	167	3	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	167	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-5853	167	5	a	a	DET
easat-5853	167	6	paired	pair	VERB
easat-5853	167	7	t	t	NOUN
easat-5853	167	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	167	9	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	167	10	within	within	ADP
easat-5853	167	11	each	each	DET
easat-5853	167	12	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	167	13	to	to	PART
easat-5853	167	14	see	see	VERB
easat-5853	167	15	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	167	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	167	17	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	167	18	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	167	19	pre	pre	VERB
easat-5853	167	20	to	to	PART
easat-5853	167	21	post	post	VERB
easat-5853	167	22	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	167	23	statistically	statistically	ADV
easat-5853	167	24	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5853	167	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	168	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	168	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	168	3	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	168	4	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-5853	168	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	168	6	we	we	PRON
easat-5853	168	7	computed	compute	VERB
easat-5853	168	8	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-5853	168	9	scores	score	NOUN
easat-5853	168	10	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	168	11	composite	composite	ADJ
easat-5853	168	12	constructs	construct	NOUN
easat-5853	168	13	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	168	14	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	168	15	willingness	willingness	NOUN
easat-5853	168	16	to	to	PART
easat-5853	168	17	communicate	communicate	VERB
easat-5853	168	18	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	168	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	168	20	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	168	21	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	168	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	168	23	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	168	24	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	168	25	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	168	26	preand	preand	NOUN
easat-5853	168	27	post	post	NOUN
easat-5853	168	28	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	168	29	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	168	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	169	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	169	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	169	3	compared	compare	VERB
easat-5853	169	4	these	these	PRON
easat-5853	169	5	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	169	6	repeated	repeat	VERB
easat-5853	169	7	measures	measure	NOUN
easat-5853	169	8	anova	anova	X
easat-5853	169	9	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	169	10	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	169	11	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	169	12	a	a	DET
easat-5853	169	13	between	between	ADP
easat-5853	169	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	169	15	subject	subject	NOUN
easat-5853	169	16	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-5853	169	17	to	to	PART
easat-5853	169	18	assess	assess	VERB
easat-5853	169	19	any	any	DET
easat-5853	169	20	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	169	21	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-5853	169	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	169	23	to	to	PART
easat-5853	169	24	see	see	VERB
easat-5853	169	25	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	169	26	the	the	DET
easat-5853	169	27	change	change	NOUN
easat-5853	169	28	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	169	29	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	169	30	differed	differ	VERB
easat-5853	169	31	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	169	32	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	169	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	169	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	170	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	170	2	significance	significance	NOUN
easat-5853	170	3	level	level	NOUN
easat-5853	170	4	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	170	5	set	set	VERB
easat-5853	170	6	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	170	7	p	p	NOUN
easat-5853	170	8	<	<	X
easat-5853	170	9	0.05	0.05	NUM
easat-5853	170	10	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	170	11	all	all	DET
easat-5853	170	12	tests	test	NOUN
easat-5853	170	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	170	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	170	15	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-5853	170	16	sizes	size	NOUN
easat-5853	170	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	170	18	cohen	cohen	PROPN
easat-5853	170	19	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	170	20	d	d	NOUN
easat-5853	170	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	170	22	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	170	23	calculated	calculate	VERB
easat-5853	170	24	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	170	25	the	the	DET
easat-5853	170	26	difference	difference	NOUN
easat-5853	170	27	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	170	28	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	170	29	between	between	ADP
easat-5853	170	30	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5853	170	31	to	to	PART
easat-5853	170	32	gauge	gauge	VERB
easat-5853	170	33	the	the	DET
easat-5853	170	34	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-5853	170	35	significance	significance	NOUN
easat-5853	170	36	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	170	37	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	170	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	171	1	all	all	DET
easat-5853	171	2	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-5853	171	3	analyses	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	171	4	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	171	5	performed	perform	VERB
easat-5853	171	6	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	171	7	spss	spss	PROPN
easat-5853	171	8	software	software	NOUN
easat-5853	171	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	172	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	172	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	172	3	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	172	4	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	172	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	172	6	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	172	7	transcripts	transcript	NOUN
easat-5853	172	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	172	9	open	open	ADJ
easat-5853	172	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	172	11	ended	end	VERB
easat-5853	172	12	survey	survey	NOUN
easat-5853	172	13	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	172	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	172	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	172	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	172	17	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	172	18	utilized	utilize	VERB
easat-5853	172	19	thematic	thematic	ADJ
easat-5853	172	20	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	172	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	173	1	two	two	NUM
easat-5853	173	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	173	3	independently	independently	ADV
easat-5853	173	4	reviewed	review	VERB
easat-5853	173	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	173	6	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	173	7	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	173	8	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	173	9	transcripts	transcript	NOUN
easat-5853	173	10	to	to	PART
easat-5853	173	11	identify	identify	VERB
easat-5853	173	12	recurring	recur	VERB
easat-5853	173	13	themes	theme	NOUN
easat-5853	173	14	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	173	15	comments	comment	NOUN
easat-5853	173	16	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	173	17	the	the	DET
easat-5853	173	18	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	173	19	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	173	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	1	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	174	2	coded	code	VERB
easat-5853	174	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	174	4	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	174	5	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	174	6	key	key	ADJ
easat-5853	174	7	themes	theme	NOUN
easat-5853	174	8	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	174	9	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	174	10	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	11	perceived	perceive	VERB
easat-5853	174	12	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	174	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	174	14	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	174	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	16	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	17	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	18	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-5853	174	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	174	20	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	174	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	22	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	23	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	24	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	174	25	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	174	26	usefulness	usefulness	NOUN
easat-5853	174	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	28	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	29	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	30	frustrations	frustration	NOUN
easat-5853	174	31	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	174	32	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	174	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	34	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	174	36	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	37	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
easat-5853	174	38	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	174	39	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	174	40	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	174	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	174	42	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	175	1	after	after	SCONJ
easat-5853	175	2	2622	2622	NUM
easat-5853	175	3	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	175	4	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	175	5	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	175	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	175	7	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	175	8	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	175	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	175	10	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	175	11	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	175	12	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	175	13	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	175	14	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	176	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	176	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	176	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	176	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	177	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	177	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	177	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	177	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	177	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	177	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	177	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	177	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	177	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	177	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	177	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	177	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	177	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	177	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	177	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	177	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	177	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	177	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	177	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5853	177	20	initial	initial	ADJ
easat-5853	177	21	coding	coding	NOUN
easat-5853	177	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	177	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	177	24	researchers	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	177	25	discussed	discuss	VERB
easat-5853	177	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	177	27	refined	refine	VERB
easat-5853	177	28	the	the	DET
easat-5853	177	29	themes	theme	NOUN
easat-5853	177	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	177	31	reaching	reach	VERB
easat-5853	177	32	consensus	consensus	NOUN
easat-5853	177	33	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	177	34	the	the	DET
easat-5853	177	35	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
easat-5853	177	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	178	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	178	2	control	control	PROPN
easat-5853	178	3	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	178	4	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	178	5	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	178	6	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	178	7	analyzed	analyze	VERB
easat-5853	178	8	to	to	PART
easat-5853	178	9	capture	capture	VERB
easat-5853	178	10	themes	theme	NOUN
easat-5853	178	11	related	relate	VERB
easat-5853	178	12	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	178	13	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	178	14	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	178	15	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	178	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	178	17	any	any	DET
easat-5853	178	18	mention	mention	NOUN
easat-5853	178	19	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	178	20	what	what	PRON
easat-5853	178	21	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	178	22	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	178	23	helped	help	VERB
easat-5853	178	24	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	178	25	further	far	ADV
easat-5853	178	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	179	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	179	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	179	3	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	179	4	reviewed	review	VERB
easat-5853	179	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	179	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	179	7	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	179	8	logs	log	VERB
easat-5853	179	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	179	10	illustrative	illustrative	ADJ
easat-5853	179	11	examples	example	NOUN
easat-5853	179	12	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	179	13	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	179	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	179	15	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	179	16	responded	respond	VERB
easat-5853	179	17	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	179	18	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	179	19	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-5853	179	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	179	21	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-5853	179	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	179	23	instances	instance	NOUN
easat-5853	179	24	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5853	179	25	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	179	26	corrected	correct	VERB
easat-5853	179	27	a	a	DET
easat-5853	179	28	mistake	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	179	29	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	179	30	taught	teach	VERB
easat-5853	179	31	a	a	DET
easat-5853	179	32	new	new	ADJ
easat-5853	179	33	phrase	phrase	NOUN
easat-5853	179	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	179	35	to	to	PART
easat-5853	179	36	triangulate	triangulate	VERB
easat-5853	179	37	the	the	DET
easat-5853	179	38	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	179	39	’	’	PART
easat-5853	179	40	descriptions	description	NOUN
easat-5853	179	41	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	179	42	actual	actual	ADJ
easat-5853	179	43	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	179	44	behavior	behavior	NOUN
easat-5853	179	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	180	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	180	2	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	180	3	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	180	4	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	180	5	then	then	ADV
easat-5853	180	6	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-5853	180	7	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	180	8	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-5853	180	9	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	180	10	during	during	ADP
easat-5853	180	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	180	12	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-5853	180	13	to	to	PART
easat-5853	180	14	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	180	15	a	a	DET
easat-5853	180	16	richer	rich	ADJ
easat-5853	180	17	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5853	180	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	180	19	the	the	DET
easat-5853	180	20	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	180	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	181	1	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	181	2	combining	combine	VERB
easat-5853	181	3	statistical	statistical	ADJ
easat-5853	181	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	181	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	181	6	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-5853	181	7	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	181	8	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	181	9	thematic	thematic	ADJ
easat-5853	181	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	181	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	181	12	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	181	13	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	181	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	181	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	181	16	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	181	17	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	181	18	mixed	mixed	ADJ
easat-5853	181	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	181	20	methods	method	NOUN
easat-5853	181	21	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5853	181	22	offers	offer	VERB
easat-5853	181	23	both	both	DET
easat-5853	181	24	breadth	breadth	NOUN
easat-5853	181	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	181	26	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-5853	181	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	182	1	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-5853	182	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	182	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-5853	182	4	whether	whether	SCONJ
easat-5853	182	5	there	there	PRON
easat-5853	182	6	was	be	VERB
easat-5853	182	7	a	a	DET
easat-5853	182	8	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5853	182	9	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-5853	182	10	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	182	11	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	182	12	assistance	assistance	NOUN
easat-5853	182	13	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	182	14	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	182	15	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	182	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	182	17	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	182	18	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	182	19	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	182	20	help	help	VERB
easat-5853	182	21	explain	explain	VERB
easat-5853	182	22	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	182	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	182	24	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	182	25	impacted	impact	VERB
easat-5853	182	26	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	182	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	182	28	what	what	PRON
easat-5853	182	29	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	182	30	subjective	subjective	ADJ
easat-5853	182	31	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	182	32	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	182	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	183	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	183	2	complementary	complementary	ADJ
easat-5853	183	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	183	4	strengthens	strengthen	VERB
easat-5853	183	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	183	6	validity	validity	NOUN
easat-5853	183	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	183	8	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	183	9	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
easat-5853	183	10	regarding	regard	VERB
easat-5853	183	11	ai	ai	PROPN
easat-5853	183	12	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	183	13	’	'	PUNCT
easat-5853	183	14	role	role	NOUN
easat-5853	183	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	183	16	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	183	17	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	183	18	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	183	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	184	1	5	5	X
easat-5853	184	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	184	3	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	184	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	184	5	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-5853	184	6	5.1	5.1	NUM
easat-5853	184	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	185	1	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	185	2	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	185	3	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	185	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	185	5	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-5853	185	6	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	185	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	185	8	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	185	9	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	185	10	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	185	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	185	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	185	13	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	185	14	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	185	15	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	185	16	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	185	17	the	the	DET
easat-5853	185	18	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	185	19	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	185	20	showed	show	VERB
easat-5853	185	21	a	a	DET
easat-5853	185	22	substantial	substantial	ADJ
easat-5853	185	23	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	185	24	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	185	25	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	185	26	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	185	27	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	185	28	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-5853	185	29	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	185	30	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	185	31	to	to	AUX
easat-5853	185	32	post	post	VERB
easat-5853	185	33	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	185	34	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	185	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	185	36	outperforming	outperform	VERB
easat-5853	185	37	the	the	DET
easat-5853	185	38	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	185	39	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	185	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	186	1	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	186	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	186	3	50	50	NUM
easat-5853	186	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	186	5	point	point	NOUN
easat-5853	186	6	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	186	7	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	186	8	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-5853	186	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	186	10	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	186	11	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	186	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	186	13	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	186	14	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	186	15	improved	improve	VERB
easat-5853	186	16	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	186	17	an	an	DET
easat-5853	186	18	average	average	NOUN
easat-5853	186	19	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	186	20	12.5	12.5	NUM
easat-5853	186	21	points	point	NOUN
easat-5853	186	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	186	23	sd	sd	NOUN
easat-5853	186	24	=	=	SYM
easat-5853	186	25	4.0	4.0	NUM
easat-5853	186	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	186	27	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	186	28	six	six	NUM
easat-5853	186	29	weeks	week	NOUN
easat-5853	186	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	186	31	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
easat-5853	186	32	the	the	DET
easat-5853	186	33	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	186	34	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	186	35	improved	improve	VERB
easat-5853	186	36	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	186	37	an	an	DET
easat-5853	186	38	average	average	NOUN
easat-5853	186	39	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	186	40	6.8	6.8	NUM
easat-5853	186	41	points	point	NOUN
easat-5853	186	42	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	186	43	sd	sd	NOUN
easat-5853	186	44	=	=	SYM
easat-5853	186	45	3.5	3.5	NUM
easat-5853	186	46	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	186	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	187	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	187	2	difference	difference	NOUN
easat-5853	187	3	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	187	4	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	187	5	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	187	6	statistically	statistically	ADV
easat-5853	187	7	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5853	187	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	187	9	t(58	t(58	ADJ
easat-5853	187	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	187	11	=	=	SYM
easat-5853	187	12	5.27	5.27	NUM
easat-5853	187	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	187	14	p	p	X
easat-5853	187	15	<	<	X
easat-5853	187	16	0.001	0.001	NUM
easat-5853	187	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	187	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	187	19	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-5853	187	20	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	187	21	the	the	DET
easat-5853	187	22	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	187	23	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	187	24	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	187	25	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	187	26	abilities	ability	NOUN
easat-5853	187	27	increased	increase	VERB
easat-5853	187	28	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	187	29	than	than	ADP
easat-5853	187	30	those	those	PRON
easat-5853	187	31	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	187	32	the	the	DET
easat-5853	187	33	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	187	34	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	187	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	188	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	188	2	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-5853	188	3	terms	term	NOUN
easat-5853	188	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	188	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	188	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	188	7	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	188	8	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	188	9	average	average	ADJ
easat-5853	188	10	score	score	NOUN
easat-5853	188	11	rose	rise	VERB
easat-5853	188	12	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	188	13	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	188	14	27/50	27/50	NUM
easat-5853	188	15	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	188	16	39.5/50	39.5/50	NUM
easat-5853	188	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	188	18	roughly	roughly	ADV
easat-5853	188	19	moving	move	VERB
easat-5853	188	20	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	188	21	a	a	DET
easat-5853	188	22	lowerintermediate	lowerintermediate	NOUN
easat-5853	188	23	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	188	24	a	a	DET
easat-5853	188	25	solid	solid	ADJ
easat-5853	188	26	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
easat-5853	188	27	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	188	28	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	188	29	per	per	ADP
easat-5853	188	30	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	188	31	rubric	rubric	ADJ
easat-5853	188	32	descriptors	descriptor	NOUN
easat-5853	188	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	188	34	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	188	35	the	the	DET
easat-5853	188	36	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	188	37	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	188	38	rose	rise	VERB
easat-5853	188	39	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	188	40	28/50	28/50	NUM
easat-5853	188	41	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	188	42	34.8/50	34.8/50	NUM
easat-5853	188	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	189	1	all	all	DET
easat-5853	189	2	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	189	3	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	189	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	189	5	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	189	6	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	189	7	improved	improve	VERB
easat-5853	189	8	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	189	9	some	some	DET
easat-5853	189	10	degree	degree	NOUN
easat-5853	189	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	189	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	189	13	85	85	NUM
easat-5853	189	14	%	%	NOUN
easat-5853	189	15	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	189	16	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	189	17	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-5853	189	18	higher	high	ADJ
easat-5853	189	19	post	post	ADJ
easat-5853	189	20	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	189	21	test	test	ADJ
easat-5853	189	22	scores	score	NOUN
easat-5853	189	23	than	than	ADP
easat-5853	189	24	the	the	DET
easat-5853	189	25	highest	highest	ADV
easat-5853	189	26	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	189	27	scoring	score	VERB
easat-5853	189	28	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	189	29	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	189	30	the	the	DET
easat-5853	189	31	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	189	32	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	189	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	189	34	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	189	35	a	a	DET
easat-5853	189	36	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-5853	189	37	benefit	benefit	NOUN
easat-5853	189	38	across	across	ADP
easat-5853	189	39	the	the	DET
easat-5853	189	40	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	189	41	users	user	NOUN
easat-5853	189	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	190	1	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	190	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-5853	190	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	190	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	190	5	control	control	PROPN
easat-5853	190	6	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	190	7	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	190	8	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	190	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	190	10	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	190	11	present	present	ADJ
easat-5853	190	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	190	13	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	190	14	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	190	15	modest	modest	ADJ
easat-5853	190	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	190	17	a	a	DET
easat-5853	190	18	few	few	ADJ
easat-5853	190	19	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	190	20	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	190	21	showed	show	VERB
easat-5853	190	22	little	little	ADJ
easat-5853	190	23	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	190	24	no	no	DET
easat-5853	190	25	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	190	26	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	190	27	fluency	fluency	NOUN
easat-5853	190	28	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	190	29	continued	continue	VERB
easat-5853	190	30	to	to	PART
easat-5853	190	31	struggle	struggle	VERB
easat-5853	190	32	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	190	33	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-5853	190	34	grammar	grammar	NOUN
easat-5853	190	35	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	190	36	speech	speech	NOUN
easat-5853	190	37	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	190	38	the	the	DET
easat-5853	190	39	post	post	NOUN
easat-5853	190	40	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	190	41	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	190	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	191	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
easat-5853	191	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	191	3	confirmed	confirm	VERB
easat-5853	191	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	191	5	both	both	DET
easat-5853	191	6	groups	group	NOUN
easat-5853	191	7	made	make	VERB
easat-5853	191	8	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5853	191	9	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	191	10	within	within	ADP
easat-5853	191	11	themselves	themselves	PRON
easat-5853	191	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	191	13	each	each	PRON
easat-5853	191	14	p	p	X
easat-5853	191	15	<	<	X
easat-5853	191	16	0.01	0.01	NUM
easat-5853	191	17	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	191	18	paired	pair	VERB
easat-5853	191	19	tests	test	NOUN
easat-5853	191	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	191	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	191	22	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	191	23	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	191	24	expected	expect	VERB
easat-5853	191	25	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	191	26	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
easat-5853	191	27	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-5853	191	28	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-5853	191	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	192	1	however	however	ADV
easat-5853	192	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	192	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	192	4	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-5853	192	5	size	size	NOUN
easat-5853	192	6	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	192	7	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	192	8	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	192	9	much	much	ADV
easat-5853	192	10	larger	large	ADJ
easat-5853	192	11	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	192	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	192	13	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	192	14	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	192	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	192	16	cohen	cohen	PROPN
easat-5853	192	17	’s	’s	PROPN
easat-5853	192	18	d	d	PROPN
easat-5853	192	19	≈	≈	PROPN
easat-5853	192	20	1.2	1.2	NUM
easat-5853	192	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	192	22	a	a	DET
easat-5853	192	23	large	large	ADJ
easat-5853	192	24	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-5853	192	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	192	26	than	than	ADP
easat-5853	192	27	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	192	28	the	the	DET
easat-5853	192	29	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	192	30	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	192	31	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	192	32	d	d	PROPN
easat-5853	192	33	≈	≈	PROPN
easat-5853	192	34	0.6	0.6	NUM
easat-5853	192	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	192	36	a	a	DET
easat-5853	192	37	medium	medium	ADJ
easat-5853	192	38	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-5853	192	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	192	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	193	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	193	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	193	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	193	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	193	5	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	193	6	usage	usage	NOUN
easat-5853	193	7	had	have	VERB
easat-5853	193	8	an	an	DET
easat-5853	193	9	educationally	educationally	ADV
easat-5853	193	10	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
easat-5853	193	11	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-5853	193	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	194	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	194	2	instructors	instructor	NOUN
easat-5853	194	3	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	194	4	rated	rate	VERB
easat-5853	194	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	194	6	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	194	7	tests	test	NOUN
easat-5853	194	8	noted	note	VERB
easat-5853	194	9	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	194	10	differences	difference	NOUN
easat-5853	194	11	as	as	ADV
easat-5853	194	12	well	well	ADV
easat-5853	194	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	194	14	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	194	15	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	194	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	194	17	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	194	18	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	194	19	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-5853	194	20	greater	great	ADJ
easat-5853	194	21	fluency	fluency	NOUN
easat-5853	194	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	194	23	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	194	24	during	during	ADP
easat-5853	194	25	the	the	DET
easat-5853	194	26	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5853	194	27	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	194	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	195	1	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	195	2	spoke	speak	VERB
easat-5853	195	3	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	195	4	longer	long	ADJ
easat-5853	195	5	sentences	sentence	NOUN
easat-5853	195	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	195	7	hesitated	hesitate	VERB
easat-5853	195	8	less	less	ADJ
easat-5853	195	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	195	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	195	11	some	some	DET
easat-5853	195	12	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	195	13	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
easat-5853	195	14	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	195	15	idiomatic	idiomatic	ADJ
easat-5853	195	16	expressions	expression	NOUN
easat-5853	195	17	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	195	18	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	195	19	not	not	PART
easat-5853	195	20	observed	observe	VERB
easat-5853	195	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	195	22	the	the	DET
easat-5853	195	23	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	195	24	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	195	25	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	195	26	performances	performance	NOUN
easat-5853	195	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	196	1	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	196	2	instructor	instructor	NOUN
easat-5853	196	3	commented	comment	VERB
easat-5853	196	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	196	5	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	196	6	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	196	7	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	196	8	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-5853	196	9	some	some	DET
easat-5853	196	10	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	196	11	had	have	VERB
easat-5853	196	12	a	a	DET
easat-5853	196	13	lot	lot	NOUN
easat-5853	196	14	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	196	15	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	196	16	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	196	17	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	196	18	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	196	19	sounded	sound	VERB
easat-5853	196	20	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	196	21	natural	natural	ADJ
easat-5853	196	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	196	23	even	even	ADV
easat-5853	196	24	attempted	attempt	VERB
easat-5853	196	25	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-5853	196	26	sentences	sentence	NOUN
easat-5853	196	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	197	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	197	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	197	3	other	other	ADJ
easat-5853	197	4	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	197	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	197	6	many	many	ADJ
easat-5853	197	7	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	197	8	still	still	ADV
easat-5853	197	9	giving	give	VERB
easat-5853	197	10	very	very	ADV
easat-5853	197	11	short	short	ADJ
easat-5853	197	12	answers	answer	NOUN
easat-5853	197	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	197	14	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	198	1	these	these	DET
easat-5853	198	2	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-5853	198	3	align	align	VERB
easat-5853	198	4	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	198	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	198	6	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-5853	198	7	scores	score	NOUN
easat-5853	198	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	198	9	point	point	VERB
easat-5853	198	10	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	198	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	198	12	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	198	13	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	198	14	providing	provide	VERB
easat-5853	198	15	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-5853	198	16	speaking	speaking	NOUN
easat-5853	198	17	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	198	18	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	198	19	translated	translate	VERB
easat-5853	198	20	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	198	21	improved	improved	ADJ
easat-5853	198	22	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5853	198	23	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	198	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	199	1	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	199	2	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	199	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	199	4	willingness	willingness	NOUN
easat-5853	199	5	to	to	PART
easat-5853	199	6	communicate	communicate	VERB
easat-5853	199	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	199	8	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-5853	199	9	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	199	10	scores	score	NOUN
easat-5853	200	1	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	200	2	we	we	PRON
easat-5853	200	3	measured	measure	VERB
easat-5853	200	4	changes	change	NOUN
easat-5853	200	5	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	200	6	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	200	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	200	8	related	relate	VERB
easat-5853	200	9	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
easat-5853	200	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	201	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	201	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	201	3	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	201	4	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	201	5	willingness	willingness	NOUN
easat-5853	201	6	to	to	PART
easat-5853	201	7	communicate	communicate	VERB
easat-5853	201	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	201	9	wtc	wtc	PROPN
easat-5853	201	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	201	11	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	201	12	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	201	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	201	14	derived	derive	VERB
easat-5853	201	15	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	201	16	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-5853	201	17	items	item	NOUN
easat-5853	201	18	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	201	19	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	201	20	up	up	ADP
easat-5853	201	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	201	22	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	201	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	201	24	initiating	initiate	VERB
easat-5853	201	25	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	201	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	201	27	increased	increase	VERB
easat-5853	201	28	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-5853	201	29	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	201	30	the	the	DET
easat-5853	201	31	course	course	NOUN
easat-5853	201	32	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	201	33	the	the	DET
easat-5853	201	34	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	201	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	202	1	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	202	2	a	a	DET
easat-5853	202	3	5	5	NUM
easat-5853	202	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	202	5	point	point	NOUN
easat-5853	202	6	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-5853	202	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	202	8	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	202	9	average	average	ADJ
easat-5853	202	10	wtc	wtc	PROPN
easat-5853	202	11	score	score	NOUN
easat-5853	202	12	went	go	VERB
easat-5853	202	13	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	202	14	3.0	3.0	NUM
easat-5853	202	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	202	16	pre	pre	NOUN
easat-5853	202	17	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	202	18	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	202	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	202	20	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	202	21	4.2	4.2	NUM
easat-5853	202	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	202	23	post	post	NOUN
easat-5853	202	24	-	-	NOUN
easat-5853	202	25	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	202	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	202	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	203	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	203	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-5853	203	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	203	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	203	5	control	control	PROPN
easat-5853	203	6	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	203	7	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	203	8	wtc	wtc	PROPN
easat-5853	203	9	changed	change	VERB
easat-5853	203	10	only	only	ADV
easat-5853	203	11	slightly	slightly	ADV
easat-5853	203	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	203	13	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	203	14	3.1	3.1	NUM
easat-5853	203	15	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	203	16	3.4	3.4	NUM
easat-5853	203	17	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	203	18	average	average	ADJ
easat-5853	203	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	204	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	204	2	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	204	3	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-5853	204	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	204	5	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	204	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	204	7	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	204	8	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	204	9	wtc	wtc	PROPN
easat-5853	204	10	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	204	11	statistically	statistically	ADV
easat-5853	204	12	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5853	204	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	204	14	repeated	repeat	VERB
easat-5853	204	15	measures	measure	NOUN
easat-5853	204	16	anova	anova	PROPN
easat-5853	204	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	204	18	f(1,58	f(1,58	NOUN
easat-5853	204	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	204	20	=	=	SYM
easat-5853	204	21	15.4	15.4	NUM
easat-5853	204	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	204	23	p	p	X
easat-5853	204	24	<	<	X
easat-5853	204	25	0.001	0.001	NUM
easat-5853	204	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	204	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	204	28	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-5853	204	29	the	the	DET
easat-5853	204	30	increase	increase	NOUN
easat-5853	204	31	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	204	32	willingness	willingness	NOUN
easat-5853	204	33	to	to	PART
easat-5853	204	34	communicate	communicate	VERB
easat-5853	204	35	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	204	36	much	much	ADV
easat-5853	204	37	greater	great	ADJ
easat-5853	204	38	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	204	39	the	the	DET
easat-5853	204	40	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	204	41	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	204	42	part	part	NOUN
easat-5853	204	43	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	204	44	the	the	DET
easat-5853	204	45	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	204	46	process	process	NOUN
easat-5853	204	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	205	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
easat-5853	205	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	205	3	self	self	NOUN
easat-5853	205	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	205	5	reported	report	VERB
easat-5853	205	6	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	205	7	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	205	8	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	205	9	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	205	10	improved	improve	VERB
easat-5853	205	11	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	205	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	205	13	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	205	14	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	205	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	205	16	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-5853	205	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	205	18	2623	2623	NUM
easat-5853	205	19	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	205	20	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	205	21	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	205	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	205	23	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	205	24	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	205	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	205	26	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	205	27	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	205	28	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	205	29	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	205	30	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	206	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	206	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	206	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	206	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	207	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	207	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	207	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	207	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	207	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	207	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	207	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	207	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	207	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	207	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	207	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	207	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	207	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	207	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	207	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	207	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	207	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	207	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	207	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5853	207	20	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	207	21	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	207	22	strongly	strongly	ADV
easat-5853	207	23	agreed	agree	VERB
easat-5853	207	24	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	207	25	statements	statement	NOUN
easat-5853	207	26	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	207	27	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	207	28	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	207	29	feel	feel	VERB
easat-5853	207	30	confident	confident	ADJ
easat-5853	207	31	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	207	32	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	207	33	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	207	34	others	other	NOUN
easat-5853	207	35	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	207	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	207	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	207	38	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	207	39	73	73	NUM
easat-5853	207	40	%	%	NOUN
easat-5853	207	41	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	207	42	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	207	43	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	207	44	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	207	45	reporting	report	VERB
easat-5853	207	46	higher	high	ADJ
easat-5853	207	47	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	207	48	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	207	49	the	the	DET
easat-5853	207	50	intervention	intervention	NOUN
easat-5853	207	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	207	52	compared	compare	VERB
easat-5853	207	53	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	207	54	40	40	NUM
easat-5853	207	55	%	%	NOUN
easat-5853	207	56	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	207	57	the	the	DET
easat-5853	207	58	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	207	59	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	207	60	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	208	1	these	these	DET
easat-5853	208	2	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-5853	208	3	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	208	4	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	208	5	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	208	6	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-5853	208	7	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	208	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	208	9	idea	idea	NOUN
easat-5853	208	10	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	208	11	having	have	VERB
easat-5853	208	12	a	a	DET
easat-5853	208	13	patient	patient	NOUN
easat-5853	208	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	208	15	always	always	ADV
easat-5853	208	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	208	17	available	available	ADJ
easat-5853	208	18	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	208	19	partner	partner	NOUN
easat-5853	208	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	208	21	the	the	DET
easat-5853	208	22	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	208	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	208	24	helped	help	VERB
easat-5853	208	25	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	208	26	feel	feel	VERB
easat-5853	208	27	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	208	28	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
easat-5853	208	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	208	30	eager	eager	ADJ
easat-5853	208	31	to	to	PART
easat-5853	208	32	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	208	33	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	208	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	209	1	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	209	2	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	209	3	practice	practice	VERB
easat-5853	209	4	without	without	ADP
easat-5853	209	5	fear	fear	NOUN
easat-5853	209	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	209	7	judgment	judgment	NOUN
easat-5853	209	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	209	9	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	209	10	likely	likely	ADV
easat-5853	209	11	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-5853	209	12	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	209	13	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	209	14	increased	increase	VERB
easat-5853	209	15	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	209	16	[	[	X
easat-5853	209	17	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	209	18	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	209	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	210	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	210	2	fact	fact	NOUN
easat-5853	210	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	210	4	a	a	DET
easat-5853	210	5	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5853	210	6	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5853	210	7	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-5853	210	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	210	9	r	r	NOUN
easat-5853	210	10	=	=	NOUN
easat-5853	210	11	0.45	0.45	NUM
easat-5853	210	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	210	13	p	p	X
easat-5853	210	14	<	<	X
easat-5853	210	15	0.01	0.01	NUM
easat-5853	210	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	210	17	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	210	18	found	find	VERB
easat-5853	210	19	between	between	ADP
easat-5853	210	20	the	the	DET
easat-5853	210	21	number	number	NOUN
easat-5853	210	22	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	210	23	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	210	24	sessions	session	NOUN
easat-5853	210	25	a	a	DET
easat-5853	210	26	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	210	27	completed	complete	VERB
easat-5853	210	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	210	29	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	210	30	gain	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	210	31	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	210	32	wtc	wtc	PROPN
easat-5853	210	33	score	score	NOUN
easat-5853	210	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	210	35	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	210	36	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	210	37	the	the	DET
easat-5853	210	38	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	210	39	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	210	40	practiced	practice	VERB
easat-5853	210	41	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	210	42	the	the	DET
easat-5853	210	43	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	210	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	210	45	the	the	DET
easat-5853	210	46	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	210	47	willing	willing	ADJ
easat-5853	210	48	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	210	49	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
easat-5853	210	50	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	210	51	became	become	VERB
easat-5853	210	52	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	210	53	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	210	54	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	211	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	211	2	trend	trend	NOUN
easat-5853	211	3	supports	support	VERB
easat-5853	211	4	theories	theory	NOUN
easat-5853	211	5	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	211	6	sla	sla	PROPN
easat-5853	211	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	211	8	frequent	frequent	ADJ
easat-5853	211	9	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	211	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	211	11	reduced	reduce	VERB
easat-5853	211	12	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
easat-5853	211	13	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	211	14	lead	lead	VERB
easat-5853	211	15	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	211	16	greater	great	ADJ
easat-5853	211	17	communicative	communicative	ADJ
easat-5853	211	18	willingness	willingness	NOUN
easat-5853	211	19	[	[	X
easat-5853	211	20	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	211	21	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	211	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	212	1	5.2	5.2	NUM
easat-5853	212	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	212	3	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	212	4	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	212	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	212	6	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	212	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	212	8	qualitative	qualitative	NOUN
easat-5853	212	9	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	212	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	212	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	212	12	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	212	13	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	212	14	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	212	15	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-5853	212	16	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	212	17	the	the	DET
easat-5853	212	18	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	212	19	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	212	20	provides	provide	VERB
easat-5853	212	21	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-5853	212	22	insight	insight	NOUN
easat-5853	212	23	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	212	24	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	212	25	the	the	DET
easat-5853	212	26	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	212	27	influenced	influence	VERB
easat-5853	212	28	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	212	29	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	212	30	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	212	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	213	1	several	several	ADJ
easat-5853	213	2	common	common	ADJ
easat-5853	213	3	themes	theme	NOUN
easat-5853	213	4	emerged	emerge	VERB
easat-5853	213	5	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	213	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	213	7	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	213	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	213	9	open	open	ADJ
easat-5853	213	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	213	11	ended	end	VERB
easat-5853	213	12	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	213	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	213	14	•	•	NUM
easat-5853	213	15	increased	increase	VERB
easat-5853	213	16	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	213	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	213	18	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
easat-5853	213	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	213	20	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	213	21	overwhelmingly	overwhelmingly	ADV
easat-5853	213	22	reported	report	VERB
easat-5853	213	23	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	213	24	the	the	DET
easat-5853	213	25	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	213	26	allowed	allow	VERB
easat-5853	213	27	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	213	28	to	to	PART
easat-5853	213	29	practice	practice	VERB
easat-5853	213	30	english	english	NOUN
easat-5853	213	31	far	far	ADV
easat-5853	213	32	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	213	33	than	than	SCONJ
easat-5853	213	34	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	213	35	normally	normally	ADV
easat-5853	213	36	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	213	37	outside	outside	ADP
easat-5853	213	38	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	213	39	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	213	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	214	1	many	many	ADJ
easat-5853	214	2	mentioned	mention	VERB
easat-5853	214	3	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-5853	214	4	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	214	5	extra	extra	ADJ
easat-5853	214	6	conversations	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	214	7	late	late	ADV
easat-5853	214	8	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	214	9	night	night	NOUN
easat-5853	214	10	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	214	11	during	during	ADP
easat-5853	214	12	free	free	ADJ
easat-5853	214	13	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	214	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	214	15	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	214	16	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	214	17	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	214	18	not	not	PART
easat-5853	214	19	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	214	20	done	do	VERB
easat-5853	214	21	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
easat-5853	214	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	215	1	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	215	2	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	215	3	noted	note	VERB
easat-5853	215	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	215	5	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	215	6	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	215	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	215	8	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	215	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	215	10	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	215	11	ended	end	VERB
easat-5853	215	12	up	up	ADP
easat-5853	215	13	practicing	practice	VERB
easat-5853	215	14	a	a	DET
easat-5853	215	15	little	little	ADJ
easat-5853	215	16	bit	bit	NOUN
easat-5853	215	17	almost	almost	ADV
easat-5853	215	18	every	every	PRON
easat-5853	215	19	day	day	NOUN
easat-5853	215	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	216	1	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	216	2	’s	’	VERB
easat-5853	216	3	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	216	4	having	have	VERB
easat-5853	216	5	someone	someone	PRON
easat-5853	216	6	always	always	ADV
easat-5853	216	7	ready	ready	ADJ
easat-5853	216	8	to	to	PART
easat-5853	216	9	chat	chat	VERB
easat-5853	216	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	217	1	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	217	2	spoke	speak	VERB
easat-5853	217	3	much	much	ADV
easat-5853	217	4	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	217	5	english	english	NOUN
easat-5853	217	6	this	this	DET
easat-5853	217	7	month	month	NOUN
easat-5853	217	8	than	than	ADP
easat-5853	217	9	ever	ever	ADV
easat-5853	217	10	before	before	ADV
easat-5853	217	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	217	12	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	218	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	218	2	reflects	reflect	VERB
easat-5853	218	3	a	a	DET
easat-5853	218	4	boost	boost	NOUN
easat-5853	218	5	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	218	6	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	218	7	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
easat-5853	218	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	218	9	self	self	NOUN
easat-5853	218	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	218	11	directed	direct	VERB
easat-5853	218	12	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	218	13	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	218	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	218	15	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	218	16	served	serve	VERB
easat-5853	218	17	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	218	18	an	an	DET
easat-5853	218	19	always	always	ADV
easat-5853	218	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	218	21	available	available	ADJ
easat-5853	218	22	partner	partner	NOUN
easat-5853	218	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	218	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	218	25	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	218	26	took	take	VERB
easat-5853	218	27	initiative	initiative	NOUN
easat-5853	218	28	to	to	PART
easat-5853	218	29	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	218	30	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	218	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	219	1	several	several	ADJ
easat-5853	219	2	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	219	3	enjoyed	enjoy	VERB
easat-5853	219	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	219	5	freedom	freedom	NOUN
easat-5853	219	6	to	to	PART
easat-5853	219	7	choose	choose	VERB
easat-5853	219	8	topics	topic	NOUN
easat-5853	219	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	219	10	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	219	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	219	12	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	219	13	made	make	VERB
easat-5853	219	14	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	219	15	feel	feel	VERB
easat-5853	219	16	less	less	ADV
easat-5853	219	17	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	219	18	homework	homework	NOUN
easat-5853	219	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	219	20	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	219	21	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	219	22	casual	casual	ADJ
easat-5853	219	23	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	219	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	220	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	220	2	spontaneity	spontaneity	NOUN
easat-5853	220	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	220	4	frequency	frequency	NOUN
easat-5853	220	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	220	6	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	220	7	likely	likely	ADV
easat-5853	220	8	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-5853	220	9	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	220	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	220	11	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	220	12	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	220	13	fluency	fluency	NOUN
easat-5853	220	14	observed	observe	VERB
easat-5853	220	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	221	1	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	221	2	aligns	align	VERB
easat-5853	221	3	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	221	4	prior	prior	ADJ
easat-5853	221	5	observations	observation	NOUN
easat-5853	221	6	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	221	7	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	221	8	promote	promote	VERB
easat-5853	221	9	active	active	ADJ
easat-5853	221	10	participation	participation	NOUN
easat-5853	221	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	221	12	self	self	NOUN
easat-5853	221	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	221	14	directed	direct	VERB
easat-5853	221	15	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	221	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	221	17	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	221	18	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	221	19	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	221	20	decide	decide	VERB
easat-5853	221	21	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	221	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	221	23	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	221	24	to	to	PART
easat-5853	221	25	engage	engage	VERB
easat-5853	221	26	[	[	X
easat-5853	221	27	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	221	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	221	29	8	8	NUM
easat-5853	221	30	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	221	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	222	1	•	•	NUM
easat-5853	222	2	comfort	comfort	NOUN
easat-5853	222	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	222	4	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	222	5	building	building	NOUN
easat-5853	222	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	222	7	a	a	DET
easat-5853	222	8	recurring	recur	VERB
easat-5853	222	9	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
easat-5853	222	10	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	222	11	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	222	12	interacting	interact	VERB
easat-5853	222	13	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	222	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	222	15	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	222	16	reduced	reduce	VERB
easat-5853	222	17	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	222	18	’	'	PUNCT
easat-5853	222	19	fear	fear	NOUN
easat-5853	222	20	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	222	21	making	make	VERB
easat-5853	222	22	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	222	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	223	1	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	223	2	described	describe	VERB
easat-5853	223	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	223	4	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	223	5	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	223	6	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	223	7	non	non	ADJ
easat-5853	223	8	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	223	9	judgmental	judgmental	ADJ
easat-5853	223	10	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	223	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	223	12	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	223	13	patient	patient	NOUN
easat-5853	223	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	223	15	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	224	1	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	224	2	interviewee	interviewee	NOUN
easat-5853	224	3	shared	share	VERB
easat-5853	224	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	224	5	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	224	6	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	224	7	usually	usually	ADV
easat-5853	224	8	get	get	VERB
easat-5853	224	9	nervous	nervous	ADJ
easat-5853	224	10	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	224	11	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	224	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	224	13	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	224	14	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	224	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	224	16	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	224	17	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	224	18	did	do	AUX
easat-5853	224	19	n’t	not	PART
easat-5853	224	20	feel	feel	VERB
easat-5853	224	21	shy	shy	ADJ
easat-5853	224	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	225	1	even	even	ADV
easat-5853	225	2	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	225	3	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	225	4	made	make	VERB
easat-5853	225	5	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	225	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	225	7	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	225	8	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	225	9	just	just	ADV
easat-5853	225	10	kindly	kindly	ADV
easat-5853	225	11	correct	correct	VERB
easat-5853	225	12	me	i	PRON
easat-5853	225	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	226	1	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	226	2	helped	help	VERB
easat-5853	226	3	my	my	PRON
easat-5853	226	4	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	226	5	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	226	6	a	a	DET
easat-5853	226	7	lot	lot	NOUN
easat-5853	226	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	226	9	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	227	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	227	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-5853	227	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	227	4	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	227	5	created	create	VERB
easat-5853	227	6	a	a	DET
easat-5853	227	7	safe	safe	ADJ
easat-5853	227	8	space	space	NOUN
easat-5853	227	9	to	to	PART
easat-5853	227	10	practice	practice	VERB
easat-5853	227	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	227	12	echoing	echo	VERB
easat-5853	227	13	the	the	DET
easat-5853	227	14	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-5853	227	15	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	227	16	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	227	17	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	227	18	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	227	19	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	227	20	a	a	DET
easat-5853	227	21	low	low	ADJ
easat-5853	227	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	227	23	pressure	pressure	NOUN
easat-5853	227	24	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-5853	227	25	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	227	26	lowers	lower	VERB
easat-5853	227	27	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
easat-5853	228	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	228	2	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	228	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	228	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	229	1	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	229	2	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	229	3	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	229	4	normally	normally	ADV
easat-5853	229	5	quiet	quiet	ADJ
easat-5853	229	6	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	229	7	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	229	8	said	say	VERB
easat-5853	229	9	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	229	10	felt	feel	VERB
easat-5853	229	11	freer	free	ADJ
easat-5853	229	12	to	to	PART
easat-5853	229	13	experiment	experiment	VERB
easat-5853	229	14	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	229	15	new	new	ADJ
easat-5853	229	16	words	word	NOUN
easat-5853	229	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	229	18	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-5853	229	19	sentences	sentence	NOUN
easat-5853	229	20	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	229	21	the	the	DET
easat-5853	229	22	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	229	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	229	24	because	because	SCONJ
easat-5853	229	25	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	229	26	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	229	27	n’t	not	PART
easat-5853	229	28	worrying	worry	VERB
easat-5853	229	29	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	229	30	what	what	PRON
easat-5853	229	31	a	a	DET
easat-5853	229	32	person	person	NOUN
easat-5853	229	33	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	229	34	think	think	VERB
easat-5853	229	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	230	1	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	230	2	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	230	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	230	4	this	this	DET
easat-5853	230	5	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	230	6	seemed	seem	VERB
easat-5853	230	7	to	to	PART
easat-5853	230	8	carry	carry	VERB
easat-5853	230	9	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	230	10	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	230	11	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	230	12	participation	participation	NOUN
easat-5853	230	13	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	230	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	230	15	instructor	instructor	NOUN
easat-5853	230	16	noted	note	VERB
easat-5853	230	17	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	230	18	some	some	DET
easat-5853	230	19	previously	previously	ADV
easat-5853	230	20	reticent	reticent	ADJ
easat-5853	230	21	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	230	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	230	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	230	24	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	230	25	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	230	26	began	begin	VERB
easat-5853	230	27	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	230	28	up	up	ADP
easat-5853	230	29	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	230	30	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	230	31	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	230	32	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5853	230	33	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	230	34	the	the	DET
easat-5853	230	35	weeks	week	NOUN
easat-5853	230	36	went	go	VERB
easat-5853	230	37	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	230	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	231	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	231	2	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	231	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	231	4	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-5853	231	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	231	6	functioned	function	VERB
easat-5853	231	7	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	231	8	a	a	DET
easat-5853	231	9	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	231	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	231	11	building	building	NOUN
easat-5853	231	12	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	231	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	231	14	gradually	gradually	ADV
easat-5853	231	15	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-5853	231	16	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5853	231	17	apprehension	apprehension	NOUN
easat-5853	231	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	231	19	encouraging	encourage	VERB
easat-5853	231	20	risk	risk	NOUN
easat-5853	231	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	231	22	taking	taking	NOUN
easat-5853	231	23	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	231	24	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	231	25	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	231	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	231	27	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	231	28	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	231	29	a	a	DET
easat-5853	231	30	key	key	ADJ
easat-5853	231	31	component	component	NOUN
easat-5853	231	32	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	231	33	developing	develop	VERB
easat-5853	231	34	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5853	231	35	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	231	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	232	1	•	•	NUM
easat-5853	232	2	usefulness	usefulness	NOUN
easat-5853	232	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	232	4	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	232	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	232	6	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	232	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	232	8	many	many	ADJ
easat-5853	232	9	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	232	10	praised	praise	VERB
easat-5853	232	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	232	12	real	real	ADJ
easat-5853	232	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	232	14	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	232	15	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	232	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	232	17	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	232	18	provided	provide	VERB
easat-5853	232	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	233	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	233	2	ai	ai	PROPN
easat-5853	233	3	assistant	assistant	NOUN
easat-5853	233	4	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	233	5	correct	correct	VERB
easat-5853	233	6	spelling	spelling	NOUN
easat-5853	233	7	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	233	8	grammar	grammar	NOUN
easat-5853	233	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	233	10	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	233	11	messages	message	NOUN
easat-5853	233	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	233	13	suggest	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	233	14	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	233	15	natural	natural	ADJ
easat-5853	233	16	phrasing	phrasing	NOUN
easat-5853	233	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	233	18	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	233	19	teach	teach	VERB
easat-5853	233	20	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	233	21	new	new	ADJ
easat-5853	233	22	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
easat-5853	233	23	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	233	24	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	233	25	struggled	struggle	VERB
easat-5853	233	26	to	to	PART
easat-5853	233	27	express	express	VERB
easat-5853	233	28	something	something	PRON
easat-5853	233	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	234	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	234	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	234	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	234	4	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	234	5	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	234	6	tried	try	VERB
easat-5853	234	7	to	to	PART
easat-5853	234	8	explain	explain	VERB
easat-5853	234	9	a	a	DET
easat-5853	234	10	personal	personal	ADJ
easat-5853	234	11	hobby	hobby	NOUN
easat-5853	234	12	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	234	13	lacked	lack	VERB
easat-5853	234	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	234	15	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
easat-5853	234	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	234	17	the	the	DET
easat-5853	234	18	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	234	19	provided	provide	VERB
easat-5853	234	20	the	the	DET
easat-5853	234	21	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
easat-5853	234	22	term	term	NOUN
easat-5853	234	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	234	24	then	then	ADV
easat-5853	234	25	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	234	26	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	234	27	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	234	28	a	a	DET
easat-5853	234	29	sentence	sentence	NOUN
easat-5853	234	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	234	31	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-5853	234	32	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5853	234	33	the	the	DET
easat-5853	234	34	word	word	NOUN
easat-5853	234	35	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	234	36	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	234	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	235	1	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	235	2	found	find	VERB
easat-5853	235	3	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	235	4	interventions	intervention	NOUN
easat-5853	235	5	immediately	immediately	ADV
easat-5853	235	6	useful	useful	ADJ
easat-5853	235	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	236	1	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	236	2	comment	comment	NOUN
easat-5853	236	3	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	236	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	236	5	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	236	6	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	236	7	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	236	8	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	236	9	a	a	DET
easat-5853	236	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	236	11	sitting	sit	VERB
easat-5853	236	12	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	236	13	me	i	PRON
easat-5853	236	14	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	236	15	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	236	16	practiced	practice	VERB
easat-5853	236	17	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	236	18	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	236	19	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	236	20	said	say	VERB
easat-5853	236	21	something	something	PRON
easat-5853	236	22	wrong	wrong	ADJ
easat-5853	236	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	236	24	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	236	25	’d	’d	NOUN
easat-5853	236	26	know	know	VERB
easat-5853	236	27	right	right	ADV
easat-5853	236	28	away	away	ADV
easat-5853	236	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	236	30	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	236	31	fix	fix	VERB
easat-5853	236	32	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	236	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	236	34	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	237	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	237	2	immediate	immediate	ADJ
easat-5853	237	3	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	237	4	loop	loop	NOUN
easat-5853	237	5	helped	help	VERB
easat-5853	237	6	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	237	7	not	not	PART
easat-5853	237	8	only	only	ADV
easat-5853	237	9	recognize	recognize	VERB
easat-5853	237	10	errors	error	NOUN
easat-5853	237	11	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	237	12	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	237	13	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
easat-5853	237	14	correct	correct	ADJ
easat-5853	237	15	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	237	16	usage	usage	NOUN
easat-5853	237	17	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	237	18	the	the	DET
easat-5853	237	19	spot	spot	NOUN
easat-5853	237	20	[	[	X
easat-5853	237	21	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	237	22	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	237	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	238	1	a	a	DET
easat-5853	238	2	few	few	ADJ
easat-5853	238	3	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	238	4	mentioned	mention	VERB
easat-5853	238	5	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	238	6	saved	save	VERB
easat-5853	238	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	238	8	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	238	9	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	238	10	corrections	correction	NOUN
easat-5853	238	11	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	238	12	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
easat-5853	238	13	to	to	PART
easat-5853	238	14	review	review	VERB
easat-5853	238	15	later	later	ADV
easat-5853	238	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	239	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	239	2	constant	constant	ADJ
easat-5853	239	3	availability	availability	NOUN
easat-5853	239	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	239	5	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	239	6	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	239	7	a	a	DET
easat-5853	239	8	stark	stark	ADJ
easat-5853	239	9	2624	2624	NUM
easat-5853	239	10	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	239	11	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	239	12	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	239	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	239	14	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	239	15	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	239	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	239	17	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	239	18	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	239	19	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	239	20	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	239	21	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	240	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	240	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	240	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	240	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	241	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	241	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	241	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	241	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	241	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	241	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	241	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	241	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	241	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	241	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	241	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	241	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	241	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	241	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	241	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	241	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	241	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	241	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	241	19	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-5853	241	20	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-5853	241	21	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	241	22	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	241	23	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	241	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	241	25	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5853	241	26	a	a	DET
easat-5853	241	27	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	241	28	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	241	29	correct	correct	VERB
easat-5853	241	30	errors	error	NOUN
easat-5853	241	31	only	only	ADV
easat-5853	241	32	the	the	DET
easat-5853	241	33	next	next	ADJ
easat-5853	241	34	day	day	NOUN
easat-5853	241	35	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	241	36	peers	peer	NOUN
easat-5853	241	37	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	241	38	not	not	PART
easat-5853	241	39	correct	correct	VERB
easat-5853	241	40	each	each	DET
easat-5853	241	41	other	other	ADJ
easat-5853	241	42	at	at	ADV
easat-5853	241	43	all	all	ADV
easat-5853	241	44	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	241	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	242	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	242	2	likely	likely	ADV
easat-5853	242	3	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-5853	242	4	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	242	5	faster	fast	ADJ
easat-5853	242	6	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	242	7	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	242	8	areas	area	NOUN
easat-5853	242	9	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	242	10	grammar	grammar	NOUN
easat-5853	242	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	242	12	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
easat-5853	242	13	usage	usage	NOUN
easat-5853	242	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	243	1	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	243	2	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	243	3	appreciated	appreciate	VERB
easat-5853	243	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	243	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	243	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	243	7	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	243	8	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	243	9	examples	example	NOUN
easat-5853	243	10	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	243	11	even	even	ADV
easat-5853	243	12	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-5853	243	13	explanations	explanation	NOUN
easat-5853	243	14	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	243	15	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	243	16	first	first	ADJ
easat-5853	243	17	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	243	18	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	243	19	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	243	20	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	243	21	really	really	ADV
easat-5853	243	22	confused	confused	ADJ
easat-5853	243	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	243	24	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	243	25	helped	help	VERB
easat-5853	243	26	bridge	bridge	VERB
easat-5853	243	27	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5853	243	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	244	1	however	however	ADV
easat-5853	244	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	244	3	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	244	4	noted	note	VERB
easat-5853	244	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	244	6	bot	bot	NOUN
easat-5853	244	7	mostly	mostly	ADV
easat-5853	244	8	kept	keep	VERB
easat-5853	244	9	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	244	10	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	244	11	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	244	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	244	13	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	244	14	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	244	15	recognized	recognize	VERB
easat-5853	244	16	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	244	17	good	good	ADJ
easat-5853	244	18	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	244	19	immersion	immersion	NOUN
easat-5853	244	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	245	1	•	•	NUM
easat-5853	245	2	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-5853	245	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	245	4	enjoyment	enjoyment	NOUN
easat-5853	245	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	245	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	245	7	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-5853	245	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	245	9	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
easat-5853	245	10	game	game	NOUN
easat-5853	245	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	245	12	like	like	ADJ
easat-5853	245	13	nature	nature	NOUN
easat-5853	245	14	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	245	15	chatting	chat	VERB
easat-5853	245	16	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	245	17	an	an	DET
easat-5853	245	18	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	245	19	kept	keep	VERB
easat-5853	245	20	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	245	21	engaged	engage	VERB
easat-5853	245	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	246	1	several	several	ADJ
easat-5853	246	2	described	describe	VERB
easat-5853	246	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	246	4	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	246	5	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	246	6	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	246	7	fun	fun	NOUN
easat-5853	246	8	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	246	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	246	10	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	246	11	motivating	motivating	NOUN
easat-5853	246	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	246	13	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	247	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	247	2	novelty	novelty	NOUN
easat-5853	247	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	247	4	having	have	VERB
easat-5853	247	5	an	an	DET
easat-5853	247	6	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	247	7	friend	friend	NOUN
easat-5853	247	8	to	to	PART
easat-5853	247	9	talk	talk	VERB
easat-5853	247	10	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	247	11	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	247	12	mentioned	mention	VERB
easat-5853	247	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	247	14	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	247	15	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	247	16	importantly	importantly	ADV
easat-5853	247	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	247	18	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	247	19	felt	feel	VERB
easat-5853	247	20	a	a	DET
easat-5853	247	21	sense	sense	NOUN
easat-5853	247	22	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	247	23	progress	progress	NOUN
easat-5853	247	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	247	25	accomplishment	accomplishment	NOUN
easat-5853	247	26	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	247	27	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	247	28	managed	manage	VERB
easat-5853	247	29	longer	long	ADJ
easat-5853	247	30	conversations	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	247	31	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	247	32	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	247	33	the	the	DET
easat-5853	247	34	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	247	35	complimented	compliment	VERB
easat-5853	247	36	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	247	37	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	247	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	248	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	248	2	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	248	3	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	248	4	programmed	program	VERB
easat-5853	248	5	to	to	PART
easat-5853	248	6	offer	offer	VERB
easat-5853	248	7	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5853	248	8	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
easat-5853	248	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	248	10	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-5853	248	11	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	248	12	great	great	ADJ
easat-5853	248	13	job	job	NOUN
easat-5853	248	14	expressing	express	VERB
easat-5853	248	15	your	your	PRON
easat-5853	248	16	opinion	opinion	NOUN
easat-5853	248	17	!	!	PUNCT
easat-5853	248	18	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	248	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	248	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	248	21	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	248	22	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	248	23	said	say	VERB
easat-5853	248	24	made	make	VERB
easat-5853	248	25	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	248	26	feel	feel	VERB
easat-5853	248	27	encouraged	encouraged	ADJ
easat-5853	248	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	249	1	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	249	2	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	249	3	remarked	remark	VERB
easat-5853	249	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	249	5	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	249	6	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	249	7	’s	’	VERB
easat-5853	249	8	cool	cool	ADJ
easat-5853	249	9	because	because	SCONJ
easat-5853	249	10	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	249	11	feels	feel	VERB
easat-5853	249	12	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	249	13	a	a	DET
easat-5853	249	14	game	game	NOUN
easat-5853	249	15	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5853	249	16	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	249	17	level	level	VERB
easat-5853	249	18	up	up	ADP
easat-5853	249	19	my	my	PRON
easat-5853	249	20	english	english	NOUN
easat-5853	249	21	every	every	DET
easat-5853	249	22	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	249	23	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	249	24	chat	chat	VERB
easat-5853	249	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	249	26	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	250	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	250	2	increased	increase	VERB
easat-5853	250	3	enjoyment	enjoyment	NOUN
easat-5853	250	4	likely	likely	ADV
easat-5853	250	5	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-5853	250	6	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	250	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	250	8	greater	great	ADJ
easat-5853	250	9	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	250	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	250	11	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	250	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	250	13	task	task	NOUN
easat-5853	250	14	observed	observe	VERB
easat-5853	250	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	251	1	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	251	2	logs	log	NOUN
easat-5853	251	3	showed	show	VERB
easat-5853	251	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	251	5	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	251	6	average	average	ADJ
easat-5853	251	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	251	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	251	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	251	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	251	11	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	251	12	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	251	13	completed	complete	VERB
easat-5853	251	14	18	18	NUM
easat-5853	251	15	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	251	16	sessions	session	NOUN
easat-5853	251	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	251	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	251	19	~15	~15	X
easat-5853	251	20	minutes	minute	NOUN
easat-5853	251	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	251	22	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	251	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	251	24	6	6	NUM
easat-5853	251	25	weeks	week	NOUN
easat-5853	251	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	251	27	exceeding	exceed	VERB
easat-5853	251	28	the	the	DET
easat-5853	251	29	required	require	VERB
easat-5853	251	30	minimum	minimum	NOUN
easat-5853	251	31	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	251	32	15	15	NUM
easat-5853	251	33	sessions	session	NOUN
easat-5853	251	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	252	1	high	high	ADJ
easat-5853	252	2	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	252	3	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	252	4	a	a	DET
easat-5853	252	5	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5853	252	6	sign	sign	NOUN
easat-5853	252	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	252	8	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	252	9	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	252	10	frequent	frequent	ADJ
easat-5853	252	11	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	252	12	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	252	13	linked	link	VERB
easat-5853	252	14	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	252	15	better	well	ADJ
easat-5853	252	16	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	252	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	253	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	253	2	aligns	align	VERB
easat-5853	253	3	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	253	4	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	253	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	253	6	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	253	7	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	253	8	increase	increase	VERB
easat-5853	253	9	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	253	10	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	253	11	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	253	12	providing	provide	VERB
easat-5853	253	13	personalized	personalize	VERB
easat-5853	253	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	253	15	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-5853	253	16	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	253	17	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	253	18	holds	hold	VERB
easat-5853	253	19	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	253	20	interest	interest	NOUN
easat-5853	253	21	[	[	X
easat-5853	253	22	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	253	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	253	24	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	253	25	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	253	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	254	1	•	•	ADJ
easat-5853	254	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	254	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	254	4	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	254	5	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	254	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	254	7	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	254	8	perspective	perspective	NOUN
easat-5853	254	9	):	):	PUNCT
easat-5853	254	10	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-5853	254	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	254	12	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-5853	254	13	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5853	254	14	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	254	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	254	16	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	254	17	did	do	AUX
easat-5853	254	18	encounter	encounter	VERB
easat-5853	254	19	some	some	DET
easat-5853	254	20	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	254	21	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	254	22	the	the	DET
easat-5853	254	23	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	254	24	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	254	25	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	254	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	255	1	a	a	DET
easat-5853	255	2	common	common	ADJ
easat-5853	255	3	issue	issue	NOUN
easat-5853	255	4	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	255	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	255	6	occasionally	occasionally	ADV
easat-5853	255	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	255	8	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	255	9	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	255	10	misunderstand	misunderstand	VERB
easat-5853	255	11	what	what	PRON
easat-5853	255	12	a	a	DET
easat-5853	255	13	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	255	14	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	255	15	trying	try	VERB
easat-5853	255	16	to	to	PART
easat-5853	255	17	say	say	VERB
easat-5853	255	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	255	19	especially	especially	ADV
easat-5853	255	20	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	255	21	the	the	DET
easat-5853	255	22	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	255	23	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	255	24	input	input	NOUN
easat-5853	255	25	had	have	VERB
easat-5853	255	26	many	many	ADJ
easat-5853	255	27	errors	error	NOUN
easat-5853	255	28	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	255	29	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	255	30	phrased	phrase	VERB
easat-5853	255	31	awkwardly	awkwardly	ADV
easat-5853	255	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	256	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	256	2	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	256	3	cases	case	NOUN
easat-5853	256	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	256	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	256	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	256	7	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
easat-5853	256	8	gave	give	VERB
easat-5853	256	9	a	a	DET
easat-5853	256	10	response	response	NOUN
easat-5853	256	11	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	256	12	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	256	13	slightly	slightly	ADV
easat-5853	256	14	off	off	ADP
easat-5853	256	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	256	16	topic	topic	NOUN
easat-5853	256	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	256	18	asked	ask	VERB
easat-5853	256	19	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	256	20	clarification	clarification	NOUN
easat-5853	256	21	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV
easat-5853	256	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	256	23	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	256	24	a	a	DET
easat-5853	256	25	few	few	ADJ
easat-5853	256	26	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	256	27	found	find	VERB
easat-5853	256	28	frustrating	frustrating	ADJ
easat-5853	256	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	257	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	257	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	257	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	257	4	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	257	5	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	257	6	attempted	attempt	VERB
easat-5853	257	7	to	to	PART
easat-5853	257	8	describe	describe	VERB
easat-5853	257	9	a	a	DET
easat-5853	257	10	local	local	ADJ
easat-5853	257	11	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	257	12	festival	festival	NOUN
easat-5853	257	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	257	14	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	257	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	257	16	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	257	17	did	do	AUX
easat-5853	257	18	not	not	PART
easat-5853	257	19	seem	seem	VERB
easat-5853	257	20	to	to	PART
easat-5853	257	21	grasp	grasp	VERB
easat-5853	257	22	some	some	DET
easat-5853	257	23	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	257	24	terms	term	NOUN
easat-5853	257	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	257	26	kept	keep	VERB
easat-5853	257	27	steering	steer	VERB
easat-5853	257	28	the	the	DET
easat-5853	257	29	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	257	30	back	back	ADP
easat-5853	257	31	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	257	32	a	a	DET
easat-5853	257	33	generic	generic	ADJ
easat-5853	257	34	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-5853	257	35	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	257	36	holidays	holiday	NOUN
easat-5853	257	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	258	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	258	2	reflects	reflect	VERB
easat-5853	258	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	258	4	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	258	5	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	258	6	lack	lack	NOUN
easat-5853	258	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	258	8	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-5853	258	9	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	258	10	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-5853	258	11	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	258	12	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	258	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	258	14	certain	certain	ADJ
easat-5853	258	15	areas	area	NOUN
easat-5853	258	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	258	17	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	258	18	noted	note	VERB
easat-5853	258	19	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	258	20	the	the	DET
easat-5853	258	21	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-5853	258	22	[	[	X
easat-5853	258	23	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	258	24	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	258	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	259	1	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	259	2	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	259	3	noticed	notice	VERB
easat-5853	259	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	259	5	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	259	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	259	7	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	259	8	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	259	9	good	good	ADJ
easat-5853	259	10	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	259	11	everyday	everyday	ADJ
easat-5853	259	12	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	259	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	259	14	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	259	15	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
easat-5853	259	16	gave	give	VERB
easat-5853	259	17	formulaic	formulaic	ADJ
easat-5853	259	18	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	259	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	260	1	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	260	2	said	say	VERB
easat-5853	260	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	260	4	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	260	5	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	260	6	a	a	DET
easat-5853	260	7	while	while	NOUN
easat-5853	260	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	260	9	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	260	10	kind	kind	ADV
easat-5853	260	11	of	of	ADV
easat-5853	260	12	knew	know	VERB
easat-5853	260	13	what	what	PRON
easat-5853	260	14	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	260	15	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	260	16	reply	reply	VERB
easat-5853	260	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	261	1	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	261	2	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	261	3	helpful	helpful	ADJ
easat-5853	261	4	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	261	5	a	a	DET
easat-5853	261	6	bit	bit	NOUN
easat-5853	261	7	robotic	robotic	ADJ
easat-5853	261	8	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
easat-5853	261	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	261	10	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	262	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	262	2	hints	hint	VERB
easat-5853	262	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	262	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	262	5	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	262	6	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	262	7	style	style	NOUN
easat-5853	262	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	262	9	though	though	SCONJ
easat-5853	262	10	polite	polite	ADJ
easat-5853	262	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	262	12	encouraging	encouraging	ADJ
easat-5853	262	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	262	14	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	262	15	feel	feel	VERB
easat-5853	262	16	repetitive	repetitive	ADJ
easat-5853	262	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	262	18	lacking	lack	VERB
easat-5853	262	19	genuine	genuine	ADJ
easat-5853	262	20	personality	personality	NOUN
easat-5853	262	21	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	262	22	extensive	extensive	ADJ
easat-5853	262	23	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	262	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	262	25	potentially	potentially	ADV
easat-5853	262	26	impacting	impact	VERB
easat-5853	262	27	sustained	sustained	ADJ
easat-5853	262	28	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	262	29	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	262	30	some	some	DET
easat-5853	262	31	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	262	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	263	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-5853	263	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	263	3	a	a	DET
easat-5853	263	4	few	few	ADJ
easat-5853	263	5	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-5853	263	6	mentioned	mention	VERB
easat-5853	263	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	263	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	263	9	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	263	10	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	263	11	corrections	correction	NOUN
easat-5853	263	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	263	13	although	although	SCONJ
easat-5853	263	14	usually	usually	ADV
easat-5853	263	15	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-5853	263	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	263	17	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	263	18	occasionally	occasionally	ADV
easat-5853	263	19	too	too	ADV
easat-5853	263	20	brief	brief	ADJ
easat-5853	263	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	264	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	264	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-5853	264	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	264	4	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	264	5	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	264	6	point	point	VERB
easat-5853	264	7	out	out	ADP
easat-5853	264	8	a	a	DET
easat-5853	264	9	mistake	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	264	10	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	264	11	not	not	PART
easat-5853	264	12	always	always	ADV
easat-5853	264	13	elaborate	elaborate	VERB
easat-5853	264	14	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	264	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	264	16	rule	rule	NOUN
easat-5853	264	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	264	18	leaving	leave	VERB
easat-5853	264	19	the	the	DET
easat-5853	264	20	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	264	21	to	to	PART
easat-5853	264	22	infer	infer	VERB
easat-5853	264	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	264	24	grammar	grammar	NOUN
easat-5853	264	25	principle	principle	NOUN
easat-5853	264	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	265	1	these	these	DET
easat-5853	265	2	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	265	3	underscore	underscore	VERB
easat-5853	265	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	265	5	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	265	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	265	7	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	265	8	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	265	9	a	a	DET
easat-5853	265	10	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-5853	265	11	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	265	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	265	13	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	265	14	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	265	15	not	not	PART
easat-5853	265	16	perfect	perfect	ADJ
easat-5853	265	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	266	1	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	266	2	still	still	ADV
easat-5853	266	3	had	have	VERB
easat-5853	266	4	unmet	unmet	NOUN
easat-5853	266	5	needs	need	NOUN
easat-5853	266	6	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	266	7	times	time	NOUN
easat-5853	266	8	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	266	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	266	10	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-5853	266	11	explanations	explanation	NOUN
easat-5853	266	12	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	266	13	a	a	DET
easat-5853	266	14	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	266	15	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
easat-5853	266	16	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5853	266	17	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	266	18	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	266	19	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	266	20	areas	area	NOUN
easat-5853	266	21	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5853	266	22	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	266	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	266	24	excel	excel	VERB
easat-5853	266	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	267	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	267	2	control	control	PROPN
easat-5853	267	3	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	267	4	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	267	5	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	267	6	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	267	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	267	8	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	267	9	not	not	PART
easat-5853	267	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	267	11	focus	focus	NOUN
easat-5853	267	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	267	13	provided	provide	VERB
easat-5853	267	14	a	a	DET
easat-5853	267	15	useful	useful	ADJ
easat-5853	267	16	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-5853	267	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	268	1	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	268	2	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	268	3	often	often	ADV
easat-5853	268	4	practiced	practice	VERB
easat-5853	268	5	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	268	6	reading	read	VERB
easat-5853	268	7	dialogues	dialogue	NOUN
easat-5853	268	8	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	268	9	practicing	practice	VERB
easat-5853	268	10	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	268	11	classmates	classmate	NOUN
easat-5853	268	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	268	13	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	268	14	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	268	15	felt	feel	VERB
easat-5853	268	16	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	268	17	helpful	helpful	ADJ
easat-5853	268	18	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	268	19	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-5853	268	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	269	1	a	a	DET
easat-5853	269	2	couple	couple	NOUN
easat-5853	269	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	269	4	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	269	5	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	269	6	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	269	7	expressed	express	VERB
easat-5853	269	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	269	9	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	269	10	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	269	11	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	269	12	liked	like	VERB
easat-5853	269	13	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	269	14	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	269	15	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	269	16	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	269	17	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	269	18	outside	outside	ADP
easat-5853	269	19	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	269	20	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	269	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	269	22	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	269	23	i	i	PRON
easat-5853	269	24	practiced	practice	VERB
easat-5853	269	25	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	269	26	my	my	PRON
easat-5853	269	27	friend	friend	NOUN
easat-5853	269	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	269	29	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	269	30	neither	neither	PRON
easat-5853	269	31	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	269	32	us	we	PRON
easat-5853	269	33	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	269	34	fluent	fluent	ADJ
easat-5853	269	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	269	36	so	so	ADV
easat-5853	269	37	we	we	PRON
easat-5853	269	38	did	do	AUX
easat-5853	269	39	n’t	not	PART
easat-5853	269	40	catch	catch	VERB
easat-5853	269	41	each	each	DET
easat-5853	269	42	other	other	ADJ
easat-5853	269	43	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	269	44	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	269	45	much	much	ADV
easat-5853	269	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	269	47	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	269	48	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	269	49	said	say	VERB
easat-5853	269	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	270	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	270	2	highlights	highlight	VERB
easat-5853	270	3	a	a	DET
easat-5853	270	4	gap	gap	NOUN
easat-5853	270	5	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	270	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	270	7	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	270	8	filled	fill	VERB
easat-5853	270	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	270	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	270	11	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	270	12	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	270	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	270	14	providing	provide	VERB
easat-5853	270	15	expert	expert	ADJ
easat-5853	270	16	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	270	17	during	during	ADP
easat-5853	270	18	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	270	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	271	1	some	some	DET
easat-5853	271	2	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	271	3	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	271	4	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	271	5	noted	note	VERB
easat-5853	271	6	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	271	7	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	271	8	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	271	9	a	a	DET
easat-5853	271	10	bit	bit	NOUN
easat-5853	271	11	jealous	jealous	ADJ
easat-5853	271	12	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	271	13	hearing	hearing	NOUN
easat-5853	271	14	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	271	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	271	16	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	271	17	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	271	18	others	other	NOUN
easat-5853	271	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	271	20	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	271	21	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	271	22	open	open	ADJ
easat-5853	271	23	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	271	24	trying	try	VERB
easat-5853	271	25	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	271	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	271	27	pointing	point	VERB
easat-5853	271	28	toward	toward	ADP
easat-5853	271	29	a	a	DET
easat-5853	271	30	generally	generally	ADV
easat-5853	271	31	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5853	271	32	attitude	attitude	NOUN
easat-5853	271	33	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	271	34	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-5853	271	35	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	271	36	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	271	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	272	1	5.3	5.3	NUM
easat-5853	272	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	272	3	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-5853	272	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	272	5	interpreting	interpret	VERB
easat-5853	272	6	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-5853	272	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	272	8	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	272	9	the	the	DET
easat-5853	272	10	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	272	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	272	12	this	this	DET
easat-5853	272	13	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	272	14	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-5853	272	15	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	272	16	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-5853	272	17	an	an	DET
easat-5853	272	18	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	272	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	272	20	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	272	21	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	272	22	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	272	23	a	a	DET
easat-5853	272	24	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	272	25	partner	partner	NOUN
easat-5853	272	26	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	272	27	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-5853	272	28	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	272	29	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	272	30	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	272	31	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	272	32	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	272	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	272	34	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-5853	272	35	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	272	36	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	272	37	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	272	38	2625	2625	NUM
easat-5853	272	39	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	272	40	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	272	41	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	272	42	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	272	43	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	272	44	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	272	45	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	272	46	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	272	47	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	272	48	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	272	49	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	272	50	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	273	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	273	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	273	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	273	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	274	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	274	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	274	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	274	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	274	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	274	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	274	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	274	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	274	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	274	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	274	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	274	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	274	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	274	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	274	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	274	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	274	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	274	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	274	19	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-5853	274	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	274	21	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	274	22	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	274	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	275	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	275	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-5853	275	3	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	275	4	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	275	5	notably	notably	ADV
easat-5853	275	6	higher	high	ADJ
easat-5853	275	7	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	275	8	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	275	9	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	275	10	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	275	11	support	support	NOUN
easat-5853	275	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	275	13	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
easat-5853	275	14	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	275	15	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	275	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	275	17	assisted	assist	VERB
easat-5853	275	18	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	275	19	leads	lead	VERB
easat-5853	275	20	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	275	21	better	well	ADJ
easat-5853	275	22	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-5853	275	23	than	than	ADP
easat-5853	275	24	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
easat-5853	275	25	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	275	26	without	without	ADP
easat-5853	275	27	a	a	DET
easat-5853	275	28	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	275	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	276	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	276	2	finding	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	276	3	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	276	4	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-5853	276	5	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	276	6	prior	prior	ADJ
easat-5853	276	7	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-5853	276	8	studies	study	NOUN
easat-5853	276	9	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5853	276	10	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	276	11	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	276	12	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	276	13	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	276	14	showed	show	VERB
easat-5853	276	15	superior	superior	ADJ
easat-5853	276	16	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5853	276	17	skill	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	276	18	development	development	NOUN
easat-5853	277	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	277	2	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	277	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	277	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	278	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	278	2	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	278	3	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	278	4	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	278	5	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	278	6	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	278	7	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	278	8	attributed	attribute	VERB
easat-5853	278	9	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	278	10	several	several	ADJ
easat-5853	278	11	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-5853	278	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	279	1	firstly	firstly	ADV
easat-5853	279	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	279	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	279	4	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	279	5	provided	provide	VERB
easat-5853	279	6	substantially	substantially	ADV
easat-5853	279	7	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	279	8	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-5853	279	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	279	10	output	output	NOUN
easat-5853	279	11	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	279	12	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	279	13	spoke	speak	VERB
easat-5853	279	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	279	15	via	via	ADP
easat-5853	279	16	typing	typing	NOUN
easat-5853	279	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	279	18	aloud	aloud	ADJ
easat-5853	279	19	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	279	20	reading	read	VERB
easat-5853	279	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	279	22	far	far	ADV
easat-5853	279	23	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	279	24	sentences	sentence	NOUN
easat-5853	279	25	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	279	26	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	279	27	during	during	ADP
easat-5853	279	28	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	279	29	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	279	30	sessions	session	NOUN
easat-5853	279	31	than	than	SCONJ
easat-5853	279	32	the	the	DET
easat-5853	279	33	control	control	NOUN
easat-5853	279	34	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	279	35	did	do	VERB
easat-5853	279	36	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	279	37	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	279	38	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	279	39	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	279	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	280	1	according	accord	VERB
easat-5853	280	2	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	280	3	interactionist	interactionist	ADJ
easat-5853	280	4	theories	theory	NOUN
easat-5853	280	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	280	6	sla	sla	PROPN
easat-5853	280	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	280	8	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	280	9	increased	increase	VERB
easat-5853	280	10	output	output	NOUN
easat-5853	280	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	280	12	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	280	13	lead	lead	NOUN
easat-5853	280	14	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	280	15	greater	great	ADJ
easat-5853	280	16	fluency	fluency	NOUN
easat-5853	280	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	280	18	automaticity	automaticity	NOUN
easat-5853	280	19	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	280	20	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	280	21	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	280	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	281	1	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	281	2	had	have	VERB
easat-5853	281	3	to	to	PART
easat-5853	281	4	formulate	formulate	VERB
easat-5853	281	5	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	281	6	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	281	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	281	8	fly	fly	NOUN
easat-5853	281	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	281	10	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	281	11	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	281	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	281	13	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	281	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	281	15	mimicking	mimic	VERB
easat-5853	281	16	real	real	ADJ
easat-5853	281	17	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	281	18	life	life	NOUN
easat-5853	281	19	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5853	281	20	demands	demand	NOUN
easat-5853	281	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	282	1	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	282	2	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	282	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	282	4	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	282	5	likely	likely	ADV
easat-5853	282	6	improved	improve	VERB
easat-5853	282	7	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	282	8	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-5853	282	9	to	to	PART
easat-5853	282	10	organize	organize	VERB
easat-5853	282	11	thoughts	thought	NOUN
easat-5853	282	12	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	282	13	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	282	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	282	15	respond	respond	VERB
easat-5853	282	16	promptly	promptly	ADV
easat-5853	282	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	282	18	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	282	19	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	282	20	evident	evident	ADJ
easat-5853	282	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	282	22	the	the	DET
easat-5853	282	23	smoother	smooth	ADJ
easat-5853	282	24	speech	speech	NOUN
easat-5853	282	25	during	during	ADP
easat-5853	282	26	post	post	ADJ
easat-5853	282	27	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	282	28	test	test	NOUN
easat-5853	282	29	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-5853	282	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	283	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
easat-5853	283	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	283	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	283	4	immediate	immediate	ADJ
easat-5853	283	5	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	283	6	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
easat-5853	283	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	283	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	283	9	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	283	10	helped	help	VERB
easat-5853	283	11	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	283	12	notice	notice	VERB
easat-5853	283	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	283	14	correct	correct	ADJ
easat-5853	283	15	errors	error	NOUN
easat-5853	283	16	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	283	17	real	real	ADJ
easat-5853	283	18	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	283	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	284	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	284	2	aligns	align	VERB
easat-5853	284	3	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	284	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	284	5	concept	concept	NOUN
easat-5853	284	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	284	7	focus	focus	NOUN
easat-5853	284	8	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	284	9	form	form	NOUN
easat-5853	284	10	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	284	11	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	284	12	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	284	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	284	14	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5853	284	15	drawing	draw	VERB
easat-5853	284	16	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-5853	284	17	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	284	18	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
easat-5853	284	19	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	284	20	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	284	21	the	the	DET
easat-5853	284	22	moment	moment	NOUN
easat-5853	284	23	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	284	24	occur	occur	VERB
easat-5853	284	25	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	284	26	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-5853	284	27	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	284	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	285	1	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	285	2	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	285	3	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	285	4	showed	show	VERB
easat-5853	285	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	285	6	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	285	7	valued	value	VERB
easat-5853	285	8	this	this	DET
easat-5853	285	9	instant	instant	ADJ
easat-5853	285	10	correction	correction	NOUN
easat-5853	285	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	285	12	often	often	ADV
easat-5853	285	13	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	285	14	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	285	15	straight	straight	ADV
easat-5853	285	16	away	away	ADV
easat-5853	285	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	285	18	preventing	prevent	VERB
easat-5853	285	19	the	the	DET
easat-5853	285	20	fossilization	fossilization	NOUN
easat-5853	285	21	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	285	22	errors	error	NOUN
easat-5853	285	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	286	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	286	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	286	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	286	4	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	286	5	a	a	DET
easat-5853	286	6	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	286	7	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-5853	286	8	dropped	drop	VERB
easat-5853	286	9	the	the	DET
easat-5853	286	10	past	past	ADJ
easat-5853	286	11	tense	tense	ADJ
easat-5853	286	12	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	286	13	-ed	-ed	NOUN
easat-5853	286	14	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	286	15	ending	ending	NOUN
easat-5853	286	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	286	17	the	the	DET
easat-5853	286	18	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	286	19	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	286	20	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	286	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	286	22	the	the	DET
easat-5853	286	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	286	24	spot	spot	NOUN
easat-5853	286	25	correction	correction	NOUN
easat-5853	286	26	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	286	27	each	each	DET
easat-5853	286	28	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-5853	286	29	helped	help	VERB
easat-5853	286	30	the	the	DET
easat-5853	286	31	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	286	32	become	become	VERB
easat-5853	286	33	aware	aware	ADJ
easat-5853	286	34	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	286	35	the	the	DET
easat-5853	286	36	pattern	pattern	NOUN
easat-5853	286	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	286	38	practice	practice	VERB
easat-5853	286	39	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	286	40	correctly	correctly	ADV
easat-5853	286	41	thereafter	thereafter	ADV
easat-5853	286	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	287	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	287	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-5853	287	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	287	4	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	287	5	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	287	6	settings	setting	NOUN
easat-5853	287	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	287	8	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	287	9	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	287	10	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	287	11	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	287	12	delayed	delay	VERB
easat-5853	287	13	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	287	14	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
easat-5853	287	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	288	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	288	2	result	result	NOUN
easat-5853	288	3	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	288	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	288	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	288	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	288	7	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	288	8	had	have	VERB
easat-5853	288	9	fewer	few	ADJ
easat-5853	288	10	persistent	persistent	ADJ
easat-5853	288	11	grammar	grammar	NOUN
easat-5853	288	12	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	288	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	288	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	288	15	end	end	NOUN
easat-5853	288	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	288	17	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	288	18	noted	note	VERB
easat-5853	288	19	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	288	20	instructors	instructor	NOUN
easat-5853	288	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	289	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	289	2	supports	support	VERB
easat-5853	289	3	previous	previous	ADJ
easat-5853	289	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	289	5	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	289	6	found	find	VERB
easat-5853	289	7	personalized	personalized	ADJ
easat-5853	289	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	289	9	timely	timely	ADJ
easat-5853	289	10	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	289	11	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	289	12	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	289	13	tutors	tutor	NOUN
easat-5853	289	14	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	289	15	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
easat-5853	289	16	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	289	17	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-5853	289	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	289	19	usage	usage	NOUN
easat-5853	289	20	[	[	X
easat-5853	289	21	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	289	22	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	289	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	290	1	another	another	DET
easat-5853	290	2	key	key	ADJ
easat-5853	290	3	aspect	aspect	NOUN
easat-5853	290	4	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	290	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	290	6	role	role	NOUN
easat-5853	290	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	290	8	affective	affective	ADJ
easat-5853	290	9	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-5853	290	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	291	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	291	2	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	291	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	291	4	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	291	5	virtue	virtue	NOUN
easat-5853	291	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	291	7	being	be	AUX
easat-5853	291	8	a	a	DET
easat-5853	291	9	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-5853	291	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	291	11	created	create	VERB
easat-5853	291	12	a	a	DET
easat-5853	291	13	judgment	judgment	NOUN
easat-5853	291	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	291	15	free	free	ADJ
easat-5853	291	16	zone	zone	NOUN
easat-5853	291	17	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	291	18	encouraged	encourage	VERB
easat-5853	291	19	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	291	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	292	1	many	many	ADJ
easat-5853	292	2	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	292	3	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	292	4	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-5853	292	5	reported	report	VERB
easat-5853	292	6	increased	increase	VERB
easat-5853	292	7	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	292	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	292	9	reduced	reduced	ADJ
easat-5853	292	10	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
easat-5853	292	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	292	12	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	292	13	likely	likely	ADV
easat-5853	292	14	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-5853	292	15	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	292	16	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	292	17	greater	great	ADJ
easat-5853	292	18	willingness	willingness	NOUN
easat-5853	292	19	to	to	PART
easat-5853	292	20	communicate	communicate	VERB
easat-5853	292	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	292	22	wtc	wtc	PROPN
easat-5853	292	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	292	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	292	25	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
easat-5853	292	26	to	to	PART
easat-5853	292	27	improved	improved	ADJ
easat-5853	292	28	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	292	29	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-5853	292	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	293	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	293	2	outcome	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	293	3	resonates	resonate	VERB
easat-5853	293	4	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	293	5	studies	study	NOUN
easat-5853	293	6	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	293	7	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	293	8	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	293	9	reduced	reduce	VERB
easat-5853	293	10	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	293	11	’	'	PUNCT
easat-5853	293	12	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5853	293	13	apprehension	apprehension	NOUN
easat-5853	293	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	293	15	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-5853	293	16	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	293	17	to	to	PART
easat-5853	293	18	practice	practice	VERB
easat-5853	293	19	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	293	20	freely	freely	ADV
easat-5853	293	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	293	22	frequently	frequently	ADV
easat-5853	293	23	[	[	X
easat-5853	293	24	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	293	25	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	293	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	294	1	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	294	2	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	294	3	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	294	4	less	less	ADV
easat-5853	294	5	anxious	anxious	ADJ
easat-5853	294	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	294	7	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	294	8	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	294	9	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	294	10	willing	willing	ADJ
easat-5853	294	11	to	to	PART
easat-5853	294	12	take	take	VERB
easat-5853	294	13	risks	risk	NOUN
easat-5853	294	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	294	15	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	294	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	294	17	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	294	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	294	19	leading	lead	VERB
easat-5853	294	20	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	294	21	faster	fast	ADJ
easat-5853	294	22	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	294	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	295	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	295	2	control	control	PROPN
easat-5853	295	3	group	group	NOUN
easat-5853	295	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	295	5	lacking	lack	VERB
easat-5853	295	6	this	this	DET
easat-5853	295	7	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-5853	295	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	295	9	did	do	AUX
easat-5853	295	10	n’t	not	PART
easat-5853	295	11	experience	experience	VERB
easat-5853	295	12	the	the	DET
easat-5853	295	13	same	same	ADJ
easat-5853	295	14	boost	boost	NOUN
easat-5853	295	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	295	16	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	295	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	295	18	wtc	wtc	PROPN
easat-5853	295	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	295	20	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	295	21	may	may	AUX
easat-5853	295	22	explain	explain	VERB
easat-5853	295	23	why	why	SCONJ
easat-5853	295	24	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	295	25	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	295	26	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	295	27	remained	remain	VERB
easat-5853	295	28	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	295	29	conservative	conservative	ADJ
easat-5853	295	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	295	31	less	less	ADV
easat-5853	295	32	fruitful	fruitful	ADJ
easat-5853	295	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	296	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-5853	296	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	296	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	296	4	emotional	emotional	ADJ
easat-5853	296	5	support	support	NOUN
easat-5853	296	6	aspect	aspect	NOUN
easat-5853	296	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	296	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	296	9	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	296	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	296	11	patient	patient	ADJ
easat-5853	296	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	296	13	non	non	ADJ
easat-5853	296	14	-	-	ADJ
easat-5853	296	15	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-5853	296	16	encouragement	encouragement	NOUN
easat-5853	296	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	296	18	should	should	AUX
easat-5853	296	19	not	not	PART
easat-5853	296	20	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	296	21	underestimated	underestimate	VERB
easat-5853	296	22	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	296	23	a	a	DET
easat-5853	296	24	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-5853	296	25	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	296	26	its	its	PRON
easat-5853	296	27	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-5853	296	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	297	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	297	2	terms	term	NOUN
easat-5853	297	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	297	4	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	297	5	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	297	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	297	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	297	8	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	297	9	clearly	clearly	ADV
easat-5853	297	10	succeeded	succeed	VERB
easat-5853	297	11	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	297	12	motivating	motivate	VERB
easat-5853	297	13	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	297	14	to	to	PART
easat-5853	297	15	devote	devote	VERB
easat-5853	297	16	extra	extra	ADJ
easat-5853	297	17	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	297	18	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	297	19	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	297	20	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	297	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	298	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	298	2	gamified	gamifie	VERB
easat-5853	298	3	feel	feel	VERB
easat-5853	298	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	298	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	298	6	novelty	novelty	NOUN
easat-5853	298	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	298	8	chatting	chat	VERB
easat-5853	298	9	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	298	10	ai	ai	INTJ
easat-5853	298	11	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-5853	298	12	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	298	13	high	high	ADJ
easat-5853	298	14	usage	usage	NOUN
easat-5853	298	15	rates	rate	NOUN
easat-5853	298	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	299	1	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	299	2	appears	appear	VERB
easat-5853	299	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	299	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	299	5	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	299	6	tapped	tap	VERB
easat-5853	299	7	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	299	8	intrinsic	intrinsic	ADJ
easat-5853	299	9	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-5853	299	10	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	299	11	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	299	12	enjoyed	enjoy	VERB
easat-5853	299	13	the	the	DET
easat-5853	299	14	conversations	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	299	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	299	16	felt	feel	VERB
easat-5853	299	17	a	a	DET
easat-5853	299	18	sense	sense	NOUN
easat-5853	299	19	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	299	20	accomplishment	accomplishment	NOUN
easat-5853	299	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	299	22	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	299	23	kept	keep	VERB
easat-5853	299	24	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	299	25	engaged	engaged	ADJ
easat-5853	299	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	300	1	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	300	2	six	six	NUM
easat-5853	300	3	weeks	week	NOUN
easat-5853	300	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	300	5	this	this	DET
easat-5853	300	6	accumulated	accumulate	VERB
easat-5853	300	7	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	300	8	translated	translate	VERB
easat-5853	300	9	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	300	10	noticeable	noticeable	ADJ
easat-5853	300	11	skill	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	300	12	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	300	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	301	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	301	2	finding	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	301	3	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	301	4	aligned	align	VERB
easat-5853	301	5	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	301	6	broader	broad	ADJ
easat-5853	301	7	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5853	301	8	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	301	9	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	301	10	links	link	VERB
easat-5853	301	11	increased	increase	VERB
easat-5853	301	12	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	301	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	301	14	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	301	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	301	16	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	301	17	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	301	18	task	task	NOUN
easat-5853	301	19	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	301	20	improved	improved	ADJ
easat-5853	301	21	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	301	22	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	301	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	301	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	301	25	shows	show	VERB
easat-5853	301	26	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	301	27	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	301	28	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	301	29	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	301	30	play	play	VERB
easat-5853	301	31	a	a	DET
easat-5853	301	32	role	role	NOUN
easat-5853	301	33	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	301	34	boosting	boost	VERB
easat-5853	301	35	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	301	36	[	[	X
easat-5853	301	37	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	301	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	301	39	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	301	40	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	301	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	302	1	however	however	ADV
easat-5853	302	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	302	3	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	302	4	’s	’	VERB
easat-5853	302	5	worth	worth	ADJ
easat-5853	302	6	noting	note	VERB
easat-5853	302	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	302	8	novelty	novelty	NOUN
easat-5853	302	9	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	302	10	diminish	diminish	VERB
easat-5853	302	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	303	1	a	a	DET
easat-5853	303	2	couple	couple	NOUN
easat-5853	303	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	303	4	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	303	5	found	find	VERB
easat-5853	303	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	303	7	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	303	8	becoming	become	VERB
easat-5853	303	9	rote	rote	ADJ
easat-5853	303	10	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	303	11	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	303	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	303	13	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	303	14	flags	flag	VERB
easat-5853	303	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	303	16	need	need	NOUN
easat-5853	303	17	for	for	SCONJ
easat-5853	303	18	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	303	19	to	to	PART
easat-5853	303	20	have	have	VERB
easat-5853	303	21	expansive	expansive	ADJ
easat-5853	303	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	303	23	varied	varied	ADJ
easat-5853	303	24	content	content	NOUN
easat-5853	303	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	303	26	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
easat-5853	303	27	evolving	evolve	VERB
easat-5853	303	28	personalities	personality	NOUN
easat-5853	303	29	to	to	PART
easat-5853	303	30	maintain	maintain	VERB
easat-5853	303	31	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	303	32	long	long	ADJ
easat-5853	303	33	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	303	34	term	term	NOUN
easat-5853	303	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	304	1	future	future	ADJ
easat-5853	304	2	designs	design	NOUN
easat-5853	304	3	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	304	4	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
easat-5853	304	5	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
easat-5853	304	6	storyline	storyline	NOUN
easat-5853	304	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	304	8	based	base	VERB
easat-5853	304	9	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	304	10	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	304	11	periodically	periodically	ADV
easat-5853	304	12	updated	update	VERB
easat-5853	304	13	prompts	prompt	NOUN
easat-5853	304	14	to	to	PART
easat-5853	304	15	keep	keep	VERB
easat-5853	304	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	304	17	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	304	18	fresh	fresh	ADJ
easat-5853	304	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	305	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	305	2	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	305	3	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	305	4	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	305	5	shed	shed	VERB
easat-5853	305	6	light	light	NOUN
easat-5853	305	7	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	305	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	305	9	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	305	10	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	305	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	305	12	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	305	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	305	14	many	many	ADJ
easat-5853	305	15	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	305	16	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	305	17	mirror	mirror	VERB
easat-5853	305	18	the	the	DET
easat-5853	305	19	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	305	20	highlighted	highlight	VERB
easat-5853	305	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	305	22	the	the	DET
easat-5853	305	23	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-5853	305	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	306	1	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	306	2	notable	notable	ADJ
easat-5853	306	3	limitation	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	306	4	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	306	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	306	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	306	7	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	306	8	occasional	occasional	ADJ
easat-5853	306	9	lack	lack	NOUN
easat-5853	306	10	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	306	11	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-5853	306	12	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-5853	306	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	307	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	307	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	307	3	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	307	4	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	307	5	handle	handle	VERB
easat-5853	307	6	everyday	everyday	ADJ
easat-5853	307	7	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	307	8	well	well	ADV
easat-5853	307	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	307	10	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	307	11	struggled	struggle	VERB
easat-5853	307	12	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	307	13	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	307	14	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-5853	307	15	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	307	16	culturally	culturally	ADV
easat-5853	307	17	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-5853	307	18	contexts	context	NOUN
easat-5853	307	19	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	307	20	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	307	21	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	307	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	307	23	a	a	DET
easat-5853	307	24	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
easat-5853	307	25	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-5853	307	26	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	307	27	a	a	DET
easat-5853	307	28	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	307	29	festival	festival	NOUN
easat-5853	307	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	308	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	308	2	reflects	reflect	VERB
easat-5853	308	3	a	a	DET
easat-5853	308	4	limitation	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	308	5	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	308	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	308	7	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	308	8	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	308	9	training	training	NOUN
easat-5853	308	10	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	308	11	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	308	12	inferencing	inference	VERB
easat-5853	308	13	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-5853	308	14	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	308	15	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	308	16	may	may	AUX
easat-5853	308	17	not	not	PART
easat-5853	308	18	have	have	VERB
easat-5853	308	19	the	the	DET
easat-5853	308	20	world	world	NOUN
easat-5853	308	21	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-5853	308	22	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	308	23	contextual	contextual	ADJ
easat-5853	308	24	sophistication	sophistication	NOUN
easat-5853	308	25	to	to	PART
easat-5853	308	26	always	always	ADV
easat-5853	308	27	follow	follow	VERB
easat-5853	308	28	the	the	DET
easat-5853	308	29	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	308	30	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	308	31	less	less	ADV
easat-5853	308	32	common	common	ADJ
easat-5853	308	33	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	308	34	highly	highly	ADV
easat-5853	308	35	contextual	contextual	ADJ
easat-5853	308	36	topics	topic	NOUN
easat-5853	308	37	[	[	X
easat-5853	308	38	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	308	39	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	308	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	309	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	309	2	a	a	DET
easat-5853	309	3	real	real	ADJ
easat-5853	309	4	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-5853	309	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	309	6	a	a	DET
easat-5853	309	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	309	8	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	309	9	pick	pick	VERB
easat-5853	309	10	up	up	ADP
easat-5853	309	11	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	309	12	those	those	DET
easat-5853	309	13	nuances	nuance	NOUN
easat-5853	309	14	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	309	15	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	309	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	309	17	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	309	18	background	background	NOUN
easat-5853	309	19	needed	need	VERB
easat-5853	309	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	310	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	310	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	310	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	310	4	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	310	5	currently	currently	ADV
easat-5853	310	6	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	310	7	best	well	ADV
easat-5853	310	8	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	310	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	310	10	general	general	ADJ
easat-5853	310	11	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	310	12	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	310	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	310	14	common	common	ADJ
easat-5853	310	15	2626	2626	NUM
easat-5853	310	16	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	310	17	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	310	18	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	310	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	310	20	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	310	21	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	310	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	310	23	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	310	24	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	310	25	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	310	26	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	310	27	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	311	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	311	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	311	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	311	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	312	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	312	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	312	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	312	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	312	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	312	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	312	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	312	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	312	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	312	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	312	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	312	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	312	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	312	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	312	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	312	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	313	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	313	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	313	3	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5853	313	4	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-5853	313	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	313	6	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
easat-5853	313	7	very	very	ADV
easat-5853	313	8	localized	localized	ADJ
easat-5853	313	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	313	10	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
easat-5853	313	11	content	content	NOUN
easat-5853	313	12	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	313	13	require	require	VERB
easat-5853	313	14	supplementary	supplementary	ADJ
easat-5853	313	15	explanation	explanation	NOUN
easat-5853	313	16	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	313	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	313	18	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	313	19	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-5853	313	20	programming	programming	NOUN
easat-5853	313	21	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	313	22	the	the	DET
easat-5853	313	23	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	313	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	314	1	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	314	2	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	314	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	314	4	a	a	DET
easat-5853	314	5	future	future	ADJ
easat-5853	314	6	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	314	7	area	area	NOUN
easat-5853	314	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	314	9	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-5853	314	10	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	314	11	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-5853	314	12	bases	basis	NOUN
easat-5853	314	13	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	314	14	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	314	15	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	314	16	allowing	allow	VERB
easat-5853	314	17	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	314	18	to	to	PART
easat-5853	314	19	ask	ask	VERB
easat-5853	314	20	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	314	21	clarification	clarification	NOUN
easat-5853	314	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	314	23	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	314	24	natural	natural	ADJ
easat-5853	314	25	ways	way	NOUN
easat-5853	314	26	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	314	27	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	314	28	get	get	VERB
easat-5853	314	29	confused	confused	ADJ
easat-5853	314	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	315	1	another	another	DET
easat-5853	315	2	limitation	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	315	3	observed	observe	VERB
easat-5853	315	4	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	315	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	315	6	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	315	7	robotic	robotic	ADJ
easat-5853	315	8	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	315	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	315	10	repetitive	repetitive	ADJ
easat-5853	315	11	nature	nature	NOUN
easat-5853	315	12	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	315	13	some	some	DET
easat-5853	315	14	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	315	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	316	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-5853	316	2	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	316	3	a	a	DET
easat-5853	316	4	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
easat-5853	316	5	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	316	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-5853	316	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	316	8	certain	certain	ADJ
easat-5853	316	9	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-5853	316	10	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	316	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	316	12	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	316	13	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	316	14	replies	reply	NOUN
easat-5853	316	15	became	become	VERB
easat-5853	316	16	predictable	predictable	ADJ
easat-5853	316	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	316	18	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	316	19	noted	note	VERB
easat-5853	316	20	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	316	21	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	316	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	317	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	317	2	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	317	3	lead	lead	VERB
easat-5853	317	4	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	317	5	reduced	reduced	ADJ
easat-5853	317	6	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	317	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	317	8	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	317	9	means	mean	VERB
easat-5853	317	10	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	317	11	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	317	12	not	not	PART
easat-5853	317	13	getting	get	VERB
easat-5853	317	14	as	as	ADV
easat-5853	317	15	rich	rich	ADJ
easat-5853	317	16	a	a	DET
easat-5853	317	17	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
easat-5853	317	18	input	input	NOUN
easat-5853	317	19	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	317	20	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	317	21	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	317	22	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	317	23	a	a	DET
easat-5853	317	24	human	human	NOUN
easat-5853	317	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	317	26	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	317	27	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	317	28	inject	inject	VERB
easat-5853	317	29	spontaneity	spontaneity	NOUN
easat-5853	317	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	317	31	real	real	ADJ
easat-5853	317	32	emotion	emotion	NOUN
easat-5853	317	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	318	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	318	2	lack	lack	NOUN
easat-5853	318	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	318	4	genuine	genuine	ADJ
easat-5853	318	5	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	318	6	affect	affect	NOUN
easat-5853	318	7	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	318	8	humor	humor	NOUN
easat-5853	318	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	318	10	storytelling	storytelle	VERB
easat-5853	318	11	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	318	12	personal	personal	ADJ
easat-5853	318	13	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	318	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	318	15	etc	etc	X
easat-5853	318	16	.	.	X
easat-5853	318	17	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	318	18	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	318	19	something	something	PRON
easat-5853	318	20	no	no	DET
easat-5853	318	21	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	318	22	has	have	AUX
easat-5853	318	23	fully	fully	ADV
easat-5853	318	24	mastered	master	VERB
easat-5853	318	25	yet	yet	ADV
easat-5853	318	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	319	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	319	2	one	one	PRON
easat-5853	319	3	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	319	4	program	program	VERB
easat-5853	319	5	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	319	6	to	to	PART
easat-5853	319	7	mimic	mimic	VERB
easat-5853	319	8	empathy	empathy	NOUN
easat-5853	319	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	319	10	enthusiasm	enthusiasm	NOUN
easat-5853	319	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	319	12	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	319	13	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	319	14	still	still	ADV
easat-5853	319	15	tell	tell	VERB
easat-5853	319	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	319	17	difference	difference	NOUN
easat-5853	319	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	320	1	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	320	2	being	be	AUX
easat-5853	320	3	said	say	VERB
easat-5853	320	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	320	5	efforts	effort	NOUN
easat-5853	320	6	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	320	7	underway	underway	ADJ
easat-5853	320	8	to	to	PART
easat-5853	320	9	make	make	VERB
easat-5853	320	10	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	320	11	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	320	12	empathetic	empathetic	ADJ
easat-5853	320	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	320	14	emotionally	emotionally	ADV
easat-5853	320	15	responsive	responsive	ADJ
easat-5853	320	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	320	17	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	320	18	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	320	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	320	20	some	some	DET
easat-5853	320	21	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	320	22	experiments	experiment	NOUN
easat-5853	320	23	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	320	24	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	320	25	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	320	26	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	320	27	ellie	ellie	PROPN
easat-5853	320	28	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	320	29	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	320	30	adapt	adapt	VERB
easat-5853	320	31	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	320	32	the	the	DET
easat-5853	320	33	user	user	NOUN
easat-5853	320	34	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	320	35	emotional	emotional	ADJ
easat-5853	320	36	state	state	NOUN
easat-5853	320	37	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	321	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	321	2	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	321	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	321	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	322	1	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	322	2	advancements	advancement	NOUN
easat-5853	322	3	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	322	4	make	make	VERB
easat-5853	322	5	future	future	ADJ
easat-5853	322	6	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	322	7	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	322	8	engaging	engaging	ADJ
easat-5853	322	9	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	322	10	partners	partner	NOUN
easat-5853	322	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	322	12	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
easat-5853	322	13	this	this	DET
easat-5853	322	14	issue	issue	NOUN
easat-5853	322	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	323	1	importantly	importantly	ADV
easat-5853	323	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	323	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	323	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	323	5	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	323	6	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	323	7	confirm	confirm	VERB
easat-5853	323	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	323	9	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	323	10	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	323	11	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	323	12	a	a	DET
easat-5853	323	13	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-5853	323	14	supplement	supplement	NOUN
easat-5853	323	15	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	323	16	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	323	17	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	323	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	323	19	not	not	PART
easat-5853	323	20	a	a	DET
easat-5853	323	21	standalone	standalone	ADJ
easat-5853	323	22	solution	solution	NOUN
easat-5853	323	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	324	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	324	2	best	good	ADJ
easat-5853	324	3	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	324	4	likely	likely	ADV
easat-5853	324	5	emerge	emerge	VERB
easat-5853	324	6	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	324	7	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	324	8	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-5853	324	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	324	10	ai	ai	PROPN
easat-5853	324	11	assistance	assistance	NOUN
easat-5853	324	12	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	324	13	combined	combine	VERB
easat-5853	324	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	325	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	325	2	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	325	3	experiment	experiment	NOUN
easat-5853	325	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	325	5	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	325	6	still	still	ADV
easat-5853	325	7	attended	attend	VERB
easat-5853	325	8	classes	class	NOUN
easat-5853	325	9	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	325	10	a	a	DET
easat-5853	325	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	325	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	325	13	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	325	14	provided	provide	VERB
easat-5853	325	15	structured	structured	ADJ
easat-5853	325	16	input	input	NOUN
easat-5853	325	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	325	18	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
easat-5853	325	19	discussions	discussion	NOUN
easat-5853	325	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	325	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	325	22	ensured	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	325	23	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-5853	325	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	326	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	326	2	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	326	3	then	then	ADV
easat-5853	326	4	gave	give	VERB
easat-5853	326	5	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-5853	326	6	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	326	7	to	to	PART
easat-5853	326	8	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
easat-5853	326	9	what	what	PRON
easat-5853	326	10	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	326	11	learned	learn	VERB
easat-5853	326	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	327	1	many	many	ADJ
easat-5853	327	2	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	327	3	acknowledged	acknowledge	VERB
easat-5853	327	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	327	5	certain	certain	ADJ
easat-5853	327	6	things	thing	NOUN
easat-5853	327	7	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	327	8	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	327	9	detailed	detailed	ADJ
easat-5853	327	10	grammar	grammar	NOUN
easat-5853	327	11	explanations	explanation	NOUN
easat-5853	327	12	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	327	13	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
easat-5853	327	14	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	327	15	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	327	16	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	327	17	better	well	ADV
easat-5853	327	18	handled	handle	VERB
easat-5853	327	19	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	327	20	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	327	21	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	327	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	327	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	327	24	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	327	25	the	the	DET
easat-5853	327	26	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	327	27	excelled	excel	VERB
easat-5853	327	28	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	327	29	giving	give	VERB
easat-5853	327	30	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	327	31	extra	extra	ADJ
easat-5853	327	32	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	327	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	327	34	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	327	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	328	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	328	2	division	division	NOUN
easat-5853	328	3	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	328	4	roles	role	NOUN
easat-5853	328	5	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	328	6	an	an	DET
easat-5853	328	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
easat-5853	328	8	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-5853	328	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	328	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	328	11	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	328	12	focus	focus	VERB
easat-5853	328	13	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	328	14	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5853	328	15	new	new	ADJ
easat-5853	328	16	content	content	NOUN
easat-5853	328	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	328	18	addressing	address	VERB
easat-5853	328	19	individual	individual	ADJ
easat-5853	328	20	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	328	21	needs	need	NOUN
easat-5853	328	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	328	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	328	24	providing	provide	VERB
easat-5853	328	25	emotional	emotional	ADJ
easat-5853	328	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	328	27	strategic	strategic	ADJ
easat-5853	328	28	support	support	NOUN
easat-5853	328	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	328	30	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
easat-5853	328	31	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	328	32	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	328	33	handle	handle	VERB
easat-5853	328	34	repetitive	repetitive	ADJ
easat-5853	328	35	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	328	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	328	37	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	328	38	immediate	immediate	ADJ
easat-5853	328	39	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	328	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	328	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	328	42	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	328	43	available	available	ADJ
easat-5853	328	44	whenever	whenever	SCONJ
easat-5853	328	45	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	328	46	want	want	VERB
easat-5853	328	47	to	to	PART
easat-5853	328	48	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	328	49	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	328	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	329	1	such	such	DET
easat-5853	329	2	a	a	DET
easat-5853	329	3	blended	blended	ADJ
easat-5853	329	4	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	329	5	model	model	NOUN
easat-5853	329	6	leverages	leverage	VERB
easat-5853	329	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	329	8	strengths	strength	NOUN
easat-5853	329	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	329	10	both	both	CCONJ
easat-5853	329	11	human	human	NOUN
easat-5853	329	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	329	13	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	329	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	330	1	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	330	2	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	330	3	addresses	address	VERB
easat-5853	330	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	330	5	concern	concern	NOUN
easat-5853	330	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	330	7	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	330	8	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	330	9	replace	replace	VERB
easat-5853	330	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	330	11	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	330	12	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	330	13	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	330	14	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-5853	330	15	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	330	16	instead	instead	ADV
easat-5853	330	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	330	18	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	330	19	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	330	20	free	free	VERB
easat-5853	330	21	up	up	ADP
easat-5853	330	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	330	23	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	330	24	some	some	DET
easat-5853	330	25	repetitive	repetitive	ADJ
easat-5853	330	26	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	330	27	duties	duty	NOUN
easat-5853	330	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	330	29	allow	allow	VERB
easat-5853	330	30	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	330	31	to	to	PART
easat-5853	330	32	concentrate	concentrate	VERB
easat-5853	330	33	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	330	34	higher	high	ADJ
easat-5853	330	35	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	330	36	order	order	NOUN
easat-5853	330	37	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5853	330	38	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-5853	330	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	330	40	thereby	thereby	ADV
easat-5853	330	41	possibly	possibly	ADV
easat-5853	330	42	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	330	43	the	the	DET
easat-5853	330	44	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-5853	330	45	instructional	instructional	ADJ
easat-5853	330	46	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-5853	330	47	[	[	X
easat-5853	330	48	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	330	49	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	330	50	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	330	51	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	330	52	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	331	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-5853	331	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	331	3	controlled	control	VERB
easat-5853	331	4	design	design	NOUN
easat-5853	331	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	331	6	a	a	DET
easat-5853	331	7	few	few	ADJ
easat-5853	331	8	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	331	9	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	331	10	this	this	DET
easat-5853	331	11	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	331	12	should	should	AUX
easat-5853	331	13	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	331	14	noted	note	VERB
easat-5853	331	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	332	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	332	2	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-5853	332	3	size	size	NOUN
easat-5853	332	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	332	5	n=60	n=60	NOUN
easat-5853	332	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	332	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	332	8	duration	duration	NOUN
easat-5853	332	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	332	10	8	8	NUM
easat-5853	332	11	weeks	week	NOUN
easat-5853	332	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	332	13	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	332	14	modest	modest	ADJ
easat-5853	332	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	332	16	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	332	17	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	332	18	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
easat-5853	332	19	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	332	20	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-5853	332	21	short	short	ADJ
easat-5853	332	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	332	23	term	term	NOUN
easat-5853	332	24	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-5853	332	25	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	332	26	not	not	PART
easat-5853	332	27	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	332	28	observing	observe	VERB
easat-5853	332	29	long	long	ADJ
easat-5853	332	30	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	332	31	term	term	NOUN
easat-5853	332	32	retention	retention	NOUN
easat-5853	332	33	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	332	34	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-5853	332	35	across	across	ADP
easat-5853	332	36	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-5853	332	37	contexts	contexts	NOUN
easat-5853	332	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	333	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-5853	333	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	333	3	because	because	SCONJ
easat-5853	333	4	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	333	5	hypothetical	hypothetical	ADJ
easat-5853	333	6	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	333	7	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	333	8	crafted	craft	VERB
easat-5853	333	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	333	10	this	this	DET
easat-5853	333	11	expanded	expand	VERB
easat-5853	333	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	333	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	333	14	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	333	15	simplifies	simplify	VERB
easat-5853	333	16	some	some	DET
easat-5853	333	17	real	real	ADJ
easat-5853	333	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	333	19	world	world	NOUN
easat-5853	333	20	variability	variability	NOUN
easat-5853	333	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	333	22	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-5853	333	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	333	24	all	all	DET
easat-5853	333	25	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	333	26	users	user	NOUN
easat-5853	333	27	here	here	ADV
easat-5853	333	28	improved	improve	VERB
easat-5853	333	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	333	30	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	333	31	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	333	32	reality	reality	NOUN
easat-5853	333	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	333	34	individual	individual	ADJ
easat-5853	333	35	differences	difference	NOUN
easat-5853	333	36	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	333	37	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	333	38	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
easat-5853	333	39	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	333	40	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-5853	333	41	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	333	42	result	result	VERB
easat-5853	333	43	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	333	44	some	some	PRON
easat-5853	333	45	not	not	PART
easat-5853	333	46	benefiting	benefit	VERB
easat-5853	333	47	as	as	ADV
easat-5853	333	48	much	much	ADJ
easat-5853	333	49	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	333	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	334	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	334	2	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	334	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	334	4	a	a	DET
easat-5853	334	5	small	small	ADJ
easat-5853	334	6	portion	portion	NOUN
easat-5853	334	7	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	334	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	334	9	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	334	10	not	not	PART
easat-5853	334	11	engage	engage	VERB
easat-5853	334	12	deeply	deeply	ADV
easat-5853	334	13	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	334	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	334	15	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	334	16	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	334	17	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	334	18	prefer	prefer	VERB
easat-5853	334	19	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	334	20	methods	method	NOUN
easat-5853	334	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	334	22	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	334	23	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	334	24	scenario	scenario	NOUN
easat-5853	334	25	did	do	AUX
easat-5853	334	26	not	not	PART
easat-5853	334	27	extensively	extensively	ADV
easat-5853	334	28	cover	cover	VERB
easat-5853	334	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	335	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-5853	335	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	335	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	335	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	335	5	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	335	6	focus	focus	NOUN
easat-5853	335	7	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	335	8	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	335	9	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	335	10	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	335	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	335	12	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	335	13	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	335	14	other	other	ADJ
easat-5853	335	15	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	335	16	aspects	aspect	NOUN
easat-5853	335	17	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	335	18	listening	listen	VERB
easat-5853	335	19	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
easat-5853	335	20	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	335	21	reading	reading	NOUN
easat-5853	335	22	were	be	AUX
easat-5853	335	23	not	not	PART
easat-5853	335	24	directly	directly	ADV
easat-5853	335	25	assessed	assess	VERB
easat-5853	335	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	335	27	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	335	28	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	335	29	influenced	influence	VERB
easat-5853	335	30	differently	differently	ADV
easat-5853	335	31	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	335	32	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	335	33	usage	usage	NOUN
easat-5853	335	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	336	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	336	2	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
easat-5853	336	3	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	336	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	336	5	while	while	SCONJ
easat-5853	336	6	rich	rich	ADJ
easat-5853	336	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	336	8	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	336	9	based	base	VERB
easat-5853	336	10	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	336	11	self	self	NOUN
easat-5853	336	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	336	13	report	report	NOUN
easat-5853	336	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	336	15	thus	thus	ADV
easat-5853	336	16	subject	subject	ADJ
easat-5853	336	17	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	336	18	personal	personal	ADJ
easat-5853	336	19	bias	bias	NOUN
easat-5853	336	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	336	21	some	some	DET
easat-5853	336	22	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	336	23	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	336	24	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	336	25	provided	provide	VERB
easat-5853	336	26	overly	overly	ADV
easat-5853	336	27	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5853	336	28	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	336	29	due	due	ADP
easat-5853	336	30	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	336	31	the	the	DET
easat-5853	336	32	novelty	novelty	NOUN
easat-5853	336	33	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	336	34	wanting	want	VERB
easat-5853	336	35	to	to	PART
easat-5853	336	36	please	please	VERB
easat-5853	336	37	the	the	DET
easat-5853	336	38	researcher	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	336	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	337	1	we	we	PRON
easat-5853	337	2	mitigated	mitigate	VERB
easat-5853	337	3	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	337	4	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	337	5	assuring	assure	VERB
easat-5853	337	6	honesty	honesty	NOUN
easat-5853	337	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	337	8	looking	look	VERB
easat-5853	337	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	337	10	consistency	consistency	NOUN
easat-5853	337	11	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	337	12	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-5853	337	13	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	337	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	338	1	overall	overall	ADV
easat-5853	338	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	338	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	338	4	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-5853	338	5	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	338	6	results	result	NOUN
easat-5853	338	7	affirms	affirm	VERB
easat-5853	338	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	338	9	ai	ai	AUX
easat-5853	338	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	338	11	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	338	12	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	338	13	assistants	assistant	NOUN
easat-5853	338	14	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	338	15	play	play	VERB
easat-5853	338	16	a	a	DET
easat-5853	338	17	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5853	338	18	role	role	NOUN
easat-5853	338	19	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	338	20	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	338	21	sla	sla	PROPN
easat-5853	338	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	338	23	offering	offer	VERB
easat-5853	338	24	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	338	25	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	338	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	338	27	personalized	personalized	ADJ
easat-5853	338	28	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	338	29	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	338	30	translate	translate	VERB
easat-5853	338	31	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	338	32	improved	improved	ADJ
easat-5853	338	33	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	338	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	338	35	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	338	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	339	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	339	2	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-5853	339	3	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-5853	339	4	observed	observe	VERB
easat-5853	339	5	align	align	NOUN
easat-5853	339	6	closely	closely	ADV
easat-5853	339	7	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	339	8	those	those	PRON
easat-5853	339	9	reported	report	VERB
easat-5853	339	10	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	339	11	other	other	ADJ
easat-5853	339	12	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-5853	339	13	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	339	14	[	[	X
easat-5853	339	15	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	339	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	339	17	6	6	NUM
easat-5853	339	18	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	339	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	339	20	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-5853	339	21	&	&	CCONJ
easat-5853	339	22	huang	huang	PROPN
easat-5853	339	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	339	24	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5853	339	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	339	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	339	27	bolstering	bolster	VERB
easat-5853	339	28	the	the	DET
easat-5853	339	29	case	case	NOUN
easat-5853	339	30	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	339	31	including	include	VERB
easat-5853	339	32	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	339	33	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	339	34	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	339	35	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	339	36	toolkits	toolkit	NOUN
easat-5853	339	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	340	1	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	340	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	340	3	same	same	ADJ
easat-5853	340	4	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	340	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	340	6	recognizing	recognize	VERB
easat-5853	340	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	340	8	addressing	address	VERB
easat-5853	340	9	the	the	DET
easat-5853	340	10	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	340	11	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	340	12	through	through	ADP
easat-5853	340	13	design	design	NOUN
easat-5853	340	14	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	340	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	340	16	thoughtful	thoughtful	ADJ
easat-5853	340	17	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
easat-5853	340	18	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-5853	340	19	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	340	20	will	will	AUX
easat-5853	340	21	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	340	22	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-5853	340	23	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	340	24	fully	fully	ADV
easat-5853	340	25	realizing	realize	VERB
easat-5853	340	26	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	340	27	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-5853	340	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	341	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	341	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	341	3	following	follow	VERB
easat-5853	341	4	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
easat-5853	341	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	341	6	we	we	PRON
easat-5853	341	7	summarize	summarize	VERB
easat-5853	341	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	341	9	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-5853	341	10	gained	gain	VERB
easat-5853	341	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	341	12	offer	offer	VERB
easat-5853	341	13	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
easat-5853	341	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	341	15	future	future	ADJ
easat-5853	341	16	directions	direction	NOUN
easat-5853	341	17	to	to	PART
easat-5853	341	18	guide	guide	VERB
easat-5853	341	19	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-5853	341	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	341	21	researchers	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	341	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	341	23	the	the	DET
easat-5853	341	24	next	next	ADJ
easat-5853	341	25	steps	step	NOUN
easat-5853	341	26	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	341	27	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	341	28	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	341	29	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	341	30	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	341	31	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	341	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	342	1	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38333802/#:~:text=vocabulary%20knowledge%2c%20were%20conducted%20immediately,emphasizes%20the%20importance%20of%20educators	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38333802/#:~:text=vocabulary%20knowledge%2c%20were%20conducted%20immediately,emphasizes%20the%20importance%20of%20educator	NOUN
easat-5853	342	2	2627	2627	NUM
easat-5853	342	3	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	342	4	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	342	5	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	342	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	342	7	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	342	8	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	342	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	342	10	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	342	11	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	342	12	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	342	13	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	342	14	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	343	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	343	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	343	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	343	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	344	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	344	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	344	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	344	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	344	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	344	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	344	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	344	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	344	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	344	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	344	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	344	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	344	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	344	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	344	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	344	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	344	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	344	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	344	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5853	344	20	6	6	NUM
easat-5853	344	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	345	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
easat-5853	345	2	this	this	DET
easat-5853	345	3	expanded	expand	VERB
easat-5853	345	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	345	5	examined	examine	VERB
easat-5853	345	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	345	7	role	role	NOUN
easat-5853	345	8	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	345	9	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	345	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	345	11	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	345	12	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	345	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	345	14	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	345	15	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	345	16	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	345	17	through	through	ADP
easat-5853	345	18	a	a	DET
easat-5853	345	19	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-5853	345	20	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-5853	345	21	review	review	NOUN
easat-5853	345	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	345	23	a	a	DET
easat-5853	345	24	hypothetical	hypothetical	ADJ
easat-5853	345	25	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-5853	345	26	investigation	investigation	NOUN
easat-5853	345	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	346	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	346	2	key	key	ADJ
easat-5853	346	3	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	346	4	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	346	5	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	346	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	346	7	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	346	8	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	346	9	summarized	summarize	VERB
easat-5853	346	10	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	346	11	follows	follow	VERB
easat-5853	346	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	346	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	346	14	1	1	X
easat-5853	346	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	346	16	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	346	17	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	346	18	practiced	practice	VERB
easat-5853	346	19	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	346	20	an	an	DET
easat-5853	346	21	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	346	22	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	346	23	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	346	24	showed	show	VERB
easat-5853	346	25	greater	great	ADJ
easat-5853	346	26	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	346	27	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	346	28	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	346	29	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	346	30	compared	compare	VERB
easat-5853	346	31	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	346	32	those	those	PRON
easat-5853	346	33	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	346	34	relied	rely	VERB
easat-5853	346	35	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	346	36	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-5853	346	37	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	346	38	alone	alone	ADV
easat-5853	346	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	346	40	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
easat-5853	346	41	the	the	DET
easat-5853	346	42	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	346	43	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	346	44	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-5853	346	45	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	346	46	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	346	47	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	346	48	output	output	NOUN
easat-5853	346	49	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	346	50	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-5853	346	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	347	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	347	2	2	2	X
easat-5853	347	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	347	4	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	347	5	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	347	6	was	be	AUX
easat-5853	347	7	associated	associate	VERB
easat-5853	347	8	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	347	9	higher	high	ADJ
easat-5853	347	10	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	347	11	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	347	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	347	13	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	347	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	347	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	347	16	willingness	willingness	NOUN
easat-5853	347	17	to	to	PART
easat-5853	347	18	communicate	communicate	VERB
easat-5853	347	19	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	347	20	the	the	DET
easat-5853	347	21	target	target	NOUN
easat-5853	347	22	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	347	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	347	24	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-5853	347	25	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	347	26	the	the	DET
easat-5853	347	27	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	347	28	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	347	29	positively	positively	ADV
easat-5853	347	30	influence	influence	VERB
easat-5853	347	31	important	important	ADJ
easat-5853	347	32	affective	affective	ADJ
easat-5853	347	33	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-5853	347	34	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	347	35	sla	sla	PROPN
easat-5853	347	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	348	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	348	2	3	3	X
easat-5853	348	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	348	4	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	348	5	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	348	6	provided	provide	VERB
easat-5853	348	7	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-5853	348	8	immediate	immediate	ADJ
easat-5853	348	9	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	348	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	348	11	personalized	personalized	ADJ
easat-5853	348	12	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	348	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	348	14	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	348	15	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	348	16	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	348	17	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
easat-5853	348	18	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	348	19	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	348	20	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	348	21	occasional	occasional	ADJ
easat-5853	348	22	inaccuracies	inaccuracy	NOUN
easat-5853	348	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	348	24	lack	lack	NOUN
easat-5853	348	25	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	348	26	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	348	27	nuance	nuance	NOUN
easat-5853	348	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	348	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	348	30	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
easat-5853	348	31	formulaic	formulaic	ADJ
easat-5853	348	32	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	348	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	348	34	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	348	35	need	need	VERB
easat-5853	348	36	to	to	PART
easat-5853	348	37	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	348	38	managed	manage	VERB
easat-5853	348	39	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	348	40	an	an	DET
easat-5853	348	41	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5853	348	42	setting	setting	NOUN
easat-5853	348	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	349	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	349	2	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-5853	349	3	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-5853	349	4	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	349	5	these	these	DET
easat-5853	349	6	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-5853	349	7	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	349	8	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-5853	349	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	349	10	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	349	11	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-5853	349	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	349	13	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5853	349	14	designers	designer	NOUN
easat-5853	349	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	350	1	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-5853	350	2	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	350	3	ai	ai	PROPN
easat-5853	350	4	assistants	assistant	NOUN
easat-5853	350	5	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	350	6	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	350	7	programs	program	NOUN
easat-5853	350	8	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	350	9	offer	offer	VERB
easat-5853	350	10	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	350	11	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-5853	350	12	speaking	speaking	NOUN
easat-5853	350	13	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	350	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	350	15	individualized	individualized	ADJ
easat-5853	350	16	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	350	17	without	without	ADP
easat-5853	350	18	heavily	heavily	ADV
easat-5853	350	19	taxing	tax	VERB
easat-5853	350	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	350	21	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-5853	350	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	351	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	351	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-5853	351	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	351	4	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-5853	351	5	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	351	6	assign	assign	VERB
easat-5853	351	7	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	351	8	conversations	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	351	9	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	351	10	homework	homework	NOUN
easat-5853	351	11	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	351	12	extra	extra	ADJ
easat-5853	351	13	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	351	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	351	15	allowing	allow	VERB
easat-5853	351	16	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	351	17	to	to	PART
easat-5853	351	18	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
easat-5853	351	19	classroom	classroom	NOUN
easat-5853	351	20	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	351	21	at	at	ADP
easat-5853	351	22	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	351	23	own	own	ADJ
easat-5853	351	24	pace	pace	NOUN
easat-5853	351	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	352	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	352	2	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	352	3	then	then	ADV
easat-5853	352	4	spend	spend	VERB
easat-5853	352	5	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	352	6	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	352	7	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	352	8	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-5853	352	9	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5853	352	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	352	11	error	error	NOUN
easat-5853	352	12	review	review	NOUN
easat-5853	352	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	352	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	352	15	higher	high	ADJ
easat-5853	352	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	352	17	level	level	NOUN
easat-5853	352	18	communication	communication	NOUN
easat-5853	352	19	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-5853	352	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	352	21	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-5853	352	22	flipping	flip	VERB
easat-5853	352	23	some	some	DET
easat-5853	352	24	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	352	25	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	352	26	the	the	DET
easat-5853	352	27	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	352	28	outside	outside	ADV
easat-5853	352	29	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	352	30	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	352	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	353	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	353	2	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	353	3	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	353	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-5853	353	5	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
easat-5853	353	6	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	353	7	large	large	ADJ
easat-5853	353	8	classes	class	NOUN
easat-5853	353	9	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5853	353	10	individual	individual	ADJ
easat-5853	353	11	speaking	speaking	NOUN
easat-5853	353	12	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	353	13	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	353	14	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-5853	353	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	354	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-5853	354	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	354	3	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	354	4	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	354	5	cater	cater	VERB
easat-5853	354	6	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	354	7	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	354	8	who	who	PRON
easat-5853	354	9	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	354	10	shy	shy	ADJ
easat-5853	354	11	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	354	12	lack	lack	VERB
easat-5853	354	13	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	354	14	partners	partner	NOUN
easat-5853	354	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	354	16	thus	thus	ADV
easat-5853	354	17	providing	provide	VERB
easat-5853	354	18	a	a	DET
easat-5853	354	19	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	354	20	equitable	equitable	ADJ
easat-5853	354	21	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	354	22	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
easat-5853	354	23	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	354	24	every	every	DET
easat-5853	354	25	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	354	26	gets	get	VERB
easat-5853	354	27	a	a	DET
easat-5853	354	28	chance	chance	NOUN
easat-5853	354	29	to	to	PART
easat-5853	354	30	converse	converse	VERB
easat-5853	354	31	as	as	ADV
easat-5853	354	32	much	much	ADV
easat-5853	354	33	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	354	34	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	354	35	want	want	VERB
easat-5853	354	36	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	354	37	a	a	DET
easat-5853	354	38	patient	patient	ADJ
easat-5853	354	39	partner	partner	NOUN
easat-5853	354	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	355	1	the	the	DET
easat-5853	355	2	increase	increase	NOUN
easat-5853	355	3	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	355	4	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-5853	355	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	355	6	reduction	reduction	NOUN
easat-5853	355	7	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	355	8	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
easat-5853	355	9	observed	observe	VERB
easat-5853	355	10	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	355	11	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	355	12	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	355	13	means	mean	VERB
easat-5853	355	14	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	355	15	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	355	16	participate	participate	VERB
easat-5853	355	17	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	355	18	actively	actively	ADV
easat-5853	355	19	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	355	20	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	355	21	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	355	22	gaining	gain	VERB
easat-5853	355	23	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	355	24	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	355	25	the	the	DET
easat-5853	355	26	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	355	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	355	28	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	355	29	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	355	30	feel	feel	VERB
easat-5853	355	31	better	well	ADV
easat-5853	355	32	prepared	prepared	ADJ
easat-5853	355	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	355	34	less	less	ADV
easat-5853	355	35	fearful	fearful	ADJ
easat-5853	355	36	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	355	37	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
easat-5853	355	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	356	1	however	however	ADV
easat-5853	356	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	356	3	to	to	PART
easat-5853	356	4	implement	implement	VERB
easat-5853	356	5	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	356	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	356	7	based	base	VERB
easat-5853	356	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	356	9	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-5853	356	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	356	11	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-5853	356	12	should	should	AUX
easat-5853	356	13	take	take	VERB
easat-5853	356	14	certain	certain	ADJ
easat-5853	356	15	precautions	precaution	NOUN
easat-5853	356	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	357	1	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	357	2	’s	’	VERB
easat-5853	357	3	important	important	ADJ
easat-5853	357	4	to	to	PART
easat-5853	357	5	train	train	VERB
easat-5853	357	6	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	357	7	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	357	8	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	357	9	to	to	PART
easat-5853	357	10	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	357	11	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	357	12	optimally	optimally	ADV
easat-5853	357	13	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	357	14	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	357	15	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	357	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	357	17	teaching	teach	VERB
easat-5853	357	18	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	357	19	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	357	20	to	to	PART
easat-5853	357	21	ask	ask	VERB
easat-5853	357	22	the	the	DET
easat-5853	357	23	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	357	24	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	357	25	clarification	clarification	NOUN
easat-5853	357	26	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	357	27	to	to	PART
easat-5853	357	28	repeat	repeat	VERB
easat-5853	357	29	back	back	ADP
easat-5853	357	30	corrections	correction	NOUN
easat-5853	357	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	357	32	so	so	SCONJ
easat-5853	357	33	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	357	34	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	357	35	fully	fully	ADV
easat-5853	357	36	benefit	benefit	VERB
easat-5853	357	37	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	357	38	the	the	DET
easat-5853	357	39	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	357	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	358	1	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	358	2	should	should	AUX
easat-5853	358	3	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	358	4	encouraged	encourage	VERB
easat-5853	358	5	to	to	PART
easat-5853	358	6	reflect	reflect	VERB
easat-5853	358	7	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	358	8	the	the	DET
easat-5853	358	9	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	358	10	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	358	11	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	358	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	358	13	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
easat-5853	358	14	keep	keep	VERB
easat-5853	358	15	a	a	DET
easat-5853	358	16	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-5853	358	17	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	358	18	new	new	ADJ
easat-5853	358	19	words	word	NOUN
easat-5853	358	20	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	358	21	corrected	correct	VERB
easat-5853	358	22	sentences	sentence	NOUN
easat-5853	358	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	358	24	bridging	bridge	VERB
easat-5853	358	25	the	the	DET
easat-5853	358	26	gap	gap	NOUN
easat-5853	358	27	between	between	ADP
easat-5853	358	28	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	358	29	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	358	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	358	31	conscious	conscious	ADJ
easat-5853	358	32	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	358	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	359	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-5853	359	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	359	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	359	4	should	should	AUX
easat-5853	359	5	monitor	monitor	VERB
easat-5853	359	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	359	7	activity	activity	NOUN
easat-5853	359	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	359	9	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	359	10	respect	respect	NOUN
easat-5853	359	11	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	359	12	privacy	privacy	NOUN
easat-5853	359	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	359	14	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	359	15	reviewing	review	VERB
easat-5853	359	16	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	359	17	logs	log	NOUN
easat-5853	359	18	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	359	19	asking	ask	VERB
easat-5853	359	20	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	359	21	to	to	PART
easat-5853	359	22	share	share	VERB
easat-5853	359	23	something	something	PRON
easat-5853	359	24	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	359	25	learned	learn	VERB
easat-5853	359	26	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	359	27	the	the	DET
easat-5853	359	28	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	359	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	360	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	360	2	keeps	keep	VERB
easat-5853	360	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	360	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	360	5	informed	inform	VERB
easat-5853	360	6	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	360	7	common	common	ADJ
easat-5853	360	8	errors	error	NOUN
easat-5853	360	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	360	10	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-5853	360	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	360	12	allows	allow	VERB
easat-5853	360	13	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	360	14	to	to	PART
easat-5853	360	15	address	address	VERB
easat-5853	360	16	any	any	DET
easat-5853	360	17	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
easat-5853	360	18	the	the	DET
easat-5853	360	19	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	360	20	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	360	21	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	360	22	given	give	VERB
easat-5853	360	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	361	1	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	361	2	a	a	DET
easat-5853	361	3	safeguard	safeguard	NOUN
easat-5853	361	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	361	5	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-5853	361	6	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	361	7	want	want	VERB
easat-5853	361	8	to	to	PART
easat-5853	361	9	verify	verify	VERB
easat-5853	361	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	361	11	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-5853	361	12	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	361	13	the	the	DET
easat-5853	361	14	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	361	15	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	361	16	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	361	17	periodically	periodically	ADV
easat-5853	361	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	361	19	especially	especially	ADV
easat-5853	361	20	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	361	21	the	the	DET
easat-5853	361	22	early	early	ADJ
easat-5853	361	23	phases	phase	NOUN
easat-5853	361	24	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	361	25	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	361	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	361	27	to	to	PART
easat-5853	361	28	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	361	29	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	361	30	aligns	align	VERB
easat-5853	361	31	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	361	32	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
easat-5853	361	33	goals	goal	NOUN
easat-5853	361	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	361	35	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
easat-5853	361	36	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-5853	361	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	362	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	362	2	settings	setting	NOUN
easat-5853	362	3	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5853	362	4	data	datum	NOUN
easat-5853	362	5	privacy	privacy	NOUN
easat-5853	362	6	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	362	7	a	a	DET
easat-5853	362	8	concern	concern	NOUN
easat-5853	362	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	362	10	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-5853	362	11	k-12	k-12	PROPN
easat-5853	362	12	schools	school	NOUN
easat-5853	362	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	362	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	362	15	choosing	choose	VERB
easat-5853	362	16	platforms	platform	NOUN
easat-5853	362	17	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	362	18	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	362	19	compliant	compliant	ADJ
easat-5853	362	20	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	362	21	privacy	privacy	NOUN
easat-5853	362	22	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-5853	362	23	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	362	24	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	362	25	local	local	ADJ
easat-5853	362	26	installations	installation	NOUN
easat-5853	362	27	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	362	28	ai	ai	PROPN
easat-5853	362	29	models	model	NOUN
easat-5853	362	30	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	362	31	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	362	32	necessary	necessary	ADJ
easat-5853	362	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	363	1	6.1	6.1	NUM
easat-5853	363	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	363	3	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
easat-5853	363	4	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	363	5	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	363	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	363	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	363	8	based	base	VERB
easat-5853	363	9	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	363	10	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	363	11	building	build	VERB
easat-5853	363	12	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	363	13	both	both	CCONJ
easat-5853	363	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	363	15	successes	success	NOUN
easat-5853	363	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	363	17	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	363	18	identified	identify	VERB
easat-5853	363	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	363	20	we	we	PRON
easat-5853	363	21	propose	propose	VERB
easat-5853	363	22	the	the	DET
easat-5853	363	23	following	follow	VERB
easat-5853	363	24	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
easat-5853	363	25	to	to	PART
easat-5853	363	26	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	363	27	the	the	DET
easat-5853	363	28	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-5853	363	29	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	363	30	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	363	31	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	363	32	based	base	VERB
easat-5853	363	33	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	363	34	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	363	35	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	364	1	1	1	X
easat-5853	364	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	364	3	blend	blend	NOUN
easat-5853	364	4	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	364	5	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	364	6	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	364	7	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	364	8	guidance	guidance	NOUN
easat-5853	364	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	364	10	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	364	11	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	364	12	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	364	13	a	a	DET
easat-5853	364	14	supplementary	supplementary	ADJ
easat-5853	364	15	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	364	16	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-5853	364	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	364	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	364	19	led	lead	VERB
easat-5853	364	20	instruction	instruction	NOUN
easat-5853	364	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	364	22	not	not	PART
easat-5853	364	23	a	a	DET
easat-5853	364	24	replacement	replacement	NOUN
easat-5853	364	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	365	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	365	2	should	should	AUX
easat-5853	365	3	introduce	introduce	VERB
easat-5853	365	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	365	5	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	365	6	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	365	7	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	365	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	365	9	set	set	VERB
easat-5853	365	10	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-5853	365	11	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-5853	365	12	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	365	13	its	its	PRON
easat-5853	365	14	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	365	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	365	16	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-5853	365	17	focus	focus	VERB
easat-5853	365	18	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	365	19	speaking	speak	VERB
easat-5853	365	20	fluency	fluency	NOUN
easat-5853	365	21	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	365	22	practicing	practice	VERB
easat-5853	365	23	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-5853	365	24	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-5853	365	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	365	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	365	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	365	28	later	later	ADV
easat-5853	365	29	debrief	debrief	VERB
easat-5853	365	30	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	365	31	discuss	discuss	VERB
easat-5853	365	32	the	the	DET
easat-5853	365	33	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	365	34	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	365	35	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	365	36	class	class	NOUN
easat-5853	365	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	366	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	366	2	blended	blended	ADJ
easat-5853	366	3	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5853	366	4	ensures	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	366	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	366	6	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	366	7	instructors	instructor	NOUN
easat-5853	366	8	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	366	9	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	366	10	clarity	clarity	NOUN
easat-5853	366	11	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	366	12	any	any	DET
easat-5853	366	13	confusing	confusing	ADJ
easat-5853	366	14	points	point	NOUN
easat-5853	366	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	366	16	contextualize	contextualize	VERB
easat-5853	366	17	what	what	PRON
easat-5853	366	18	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	366	19	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5853	366	20	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	366	21	the	the	DET
easat-5853	366	22	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	366	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	367	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	367	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	367	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	367	4	a	a	DET
easat-5853	367	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	367	6	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	367	7	have	have	VERB
easat-5853	367	8	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	367	9	share	share	VERB
easat-5853	367	10	a	a	DET
easat-5853	367	11	useful	useful	ADJ
easat-5853	367	12	phrase	phrase	NOUN
easat-5853	367	13	they	they	PRON
easat-5853	367	14	learned	learn	VERB
easat-5853	367	15	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	367	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	367	17	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	367	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	367	19	thereby	thereby	ADV
easat-5853	367	20	validating	validate	VERB
easat-5853	367	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	367	22	expanding	expand	VERB
easat-5853	367	23	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	367	24	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	367	25	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	367	26	a	a	DET
easat-5853	367	27	lesson	lesson	NOUN
easat-5853	367	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	368	1	2	2	X
easat-5853	368	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	368	3	customize	customize	VERB
easat-5853	368	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	368	5	align	align	VERB
easat-5853	368	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	368	7	content	content	NOUN
easat-5853	368	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	368	9	wherever	wherever	SCONJ
easat-5853	368	10	possible	possible	ADJ
easat-5853	368	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	368	12	configure	configure	NOUN
easat-5853	368	13	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	368	14	train	train	VERB
easat-5853	368	15	the	the	DET
easat-5853	368	16	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	368	17	to	to	PART
easat-5853	368	18	align	align	VERB
easat-5853	368	19	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	368	20	the	the	DET
easat-5853	368	21	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
easat-5853	368	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	368	23	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	368	24	’	'	PUNCT
easat-5853	368	25	needs	need	NOUN
easat-5853	368	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	369	1	this	this	PRON
easat-5853	369	2	could	could	AUX
easat-5853	369	3	involve	involve	VERB
easat-5853	369	4	feeding	feed	VERB
easat-5853	369	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	369	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	369	7	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-5853	369	8	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
easat-5853	369	9	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	369	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	369	11	lessons	lesson	NOUN
easat-5853	369	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	369	13	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	369	14	setting	set	VERB
easat-5853	369	15	its	its	PRON
easat-5853	369	16	persona	persona	NOUN
easat-5853	369	17	to	to	PART
easat-5853	369	18	match	match	VERB
easat-5853	369	19	the	the	DET
easat-5853	369	20	formality	formality	NOUN
easat-5853	369	21	level	level	NOUN
easat-5853	369	22	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-5853	369	23	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	369	24	the	the	DET
easat-5853	369	25	2628	2628	NUM
easat-5853	369	26	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	369	27	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	369	28	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	369	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	369	30	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	369	31	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	369	32	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	369	33	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	369	34	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	369	35	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	369	36	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	369	37	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	370	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	370	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	370	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	370	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	371	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	371	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	371	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	371	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	371	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	371	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	371	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	371	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	371	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	371	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	371	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	371	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	371	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	371	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	371	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	371	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	371	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	371	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	371	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5853	371	20	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	371	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	372	1	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	372	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	372	3	target	target	NOUN
easat-5853	372	4	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	372	5	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	372	6	business	business	NOUN
easat-5853	372	7	english	english	PROPN
easat-5853	372	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	372	9	the	the	DET
easat-5853	372	10	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	372	11	should	should	AUX
easat-5853	372	12	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	372	13	tuned	tune	VERB
easat-5853	372	14	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	372	15	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	372	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	372	17	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	372	18	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	372	19	’s	’	VERB
easat-5853	372	20	daily	daily	ADJ
easat-5853	372	21	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	372	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	372	23	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	372	24	should	should	AUX
easat-5853	372	25	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	372	26	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	372	27	informal	informal	ADJ
easat-5853	372	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	373	1	custom	custom	NOUN
easat-5853	373	2	prompts	prompt	NOUN
easat-5853	373	3	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	373	4	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-5853	373	5	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	373	6	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	373	7	created	create	VERB
easat-5853	373	8	so	so	SCONJ
easat-5853	373	9	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	373	10	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	373	11	practice	practice	VERB
easat-5853	373	12	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-5853	373	13	dialogues	dialogue	NOUN
easat-5853	373	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	374	1	alignment	alignment	NOUN
easat-5853	374	2	ensures	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	374	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	374	4	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	374	5	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	374	6	reinforces	reinforce	VERB
easat-5853	374	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	374	8	material	material	NOUN
easat-5853	374	9	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	374	10	need	need	VERB
easat-5853	374	11	to	to	PART
easat-5853	374	12	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5853	374	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	374	14	making	make	VERB
easat-5853	374	15	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	374	16	a	a	DET
easat-5853	374	17	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	374	18	powerful	powerful	ADJ
easat-5853	374	19	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	374	20	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	374	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	375	1	3	3	X
easat-5853	375	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	375	3	address	address	NOUN
easat-5853	375	4	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	375	5	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	375	6	proactively	proactively	ADV
easat-5853	375	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	375	8	to	to	PART
easat-5853	375	9	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
easat-5853	375	10	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-5853	375	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	375	12	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-5853	375	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	375	14	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	375	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	375	16	establish	establish	VERB
easat-5853	375	17	a	a	DET
easat-5853	375	18	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	375	19	loop	loop	NOUN
easat-5853	375	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	376	1	encourage	encourage	VERB
easat-5853	376	2	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	376	3	to	to	PART
easat-5853	376	4	flag	flag	VERB
easat-5853	376	5	any	any	DET
easat-5853	376	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	376	7	responses	response	NOUN
easat-5853	376	8	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	376	9	seemed	seem	VERB
easat-5853	376	10	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ
easat-5853	376	11	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	376	12	unhelpful	unhelpful	ADJ
easat-5853	376	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	376	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	376	15	review	review	VERB
easat-5853	376	16	these	these	PRON
easat-5853	376	17	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	376	18	a	a	DET
easat-5853	376	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	376	20	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	376	21	tech	tech	NOUN
easat-5853	376	22	support	support	NOUN
easat-5853	376	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	377	1	developers	developer	NOUN
easat-5853	377	2	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	377	3	tech	tech	NOUN
easat-5853	377	4	facilitators	facilitator	NOUN
easat-5853	377	5	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	377	6	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	377	7	this	this	DET
easat-5853	377	8	information	information	NOUN
easat-5853	377	9	to	to	PART
easat-5853	377	10	improve	improve	VERB
easat-5853	377	11	the	the	DET
easat-5853	377	12	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	377	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	377	14	many	many	ADJ
easat-5853	377	15	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-5853	377	16	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	377	17	systems	system	NOUN
easat-5853	377	18	allow	allow	VERB
easat-5853	377	19	iterative	iterative	NOUN
easat-5853	377	20	refinement	refinement	NOUN
easat-5853	377	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	377	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	378	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-5853	378	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	378	3	supplement	supplement	VERB
easat-5853	378	4	the	the	DET
easat-5853	378	5	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	378	6	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	378	7	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-5853	378	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	378	9	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	378	10	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	378	11	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-5853	378	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	378	13	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	378	14	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	378	15	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	378	16	links	link	NOUN
easat-5853	378	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	378	18	notes	note	VERB
easat-5853	378	19	the	the	DET
easat-5853	378	20	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	378	21	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	378	22	share	share	VERB
easat-5853	378	23	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	378	24	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	378	25	topics	topic	NOUN
easat-5853	378	26	arise	arise	VERB
easat-5853	378	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	378	28	some	some	DET
easat-5853	378	29	advanced	advanced	ADJ
easat-5853	378	30	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	378	31	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	378	32	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	378	33	augmented	augment	VERB
easat-5853	378	34	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	378	35	a	a	DET
easat-5853	378	36	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-5853	378	37	base	base	NOUN
easat-5853	378	38	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	378	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	379	1	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	379	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	379	3	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	379	4	lacks	lack	VERB
easat-5853	379	5	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-5853	379	6	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	379	7	certain	certain	ADJ
easat-5853	379	8	areas	area	NOUN
easat-5853	379	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	379	10	like	like	ADP
easat-5853	379	11	explaining	explain	VERB
easat-5853	379	12	grammar	grammar	NOUN
easat-5853	379	13	rules	rule	NOUN
easat-5853	379	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	379	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	379	16	consider	consider	VERB
easat-5853	379	17	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-5853	379	18	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	379	19	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	379	20	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
easat-5853	379	21	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	379	22	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	379	23	having	have	VERB
easat-5853	379	24	the	the	DET
easat-5853	379	25	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	379	26	suggest	suggest	VERB
easat-5853	379	27	contacting	contact	VERB
easat-5853	379	28	the	the	DET
easat-5853	379	29	teacher	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	379	30	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	379	31	a	a	DET
easat-5853	379	32	detailed	detailed	ADJ
easat-5853	379	33	explanation	explanation	NOUN
easat-5853	379	34	after	after	ADP
easat-5853	379	35	providing	provide	VERB
easat-5853	379	36	a	a	DET
easat-5853	379	37	brief	brief	ADJ
easat-5853	379	38	answer	answer	NOUN
easat-5853	379	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	380	1	over	over	ADP
easat-5853	380	2	time	time	NOUN
easat-5853	380	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	380	4	these	these	DET
easat-5853	380	5	measures	measure	NOUN
easat-5853	380	6	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	380	7	improve	improve	VERB
easat-5853	380	8	trust	trust	NOUN
easat-5853	380	9	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	380	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	380	11	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	380	12	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	380	13	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-5853	380	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	380	15	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	380	16	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	380	17	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	380	18	n’t	not	PART
easat-5853	380	19	led	lead	VERB
easat-5853	380	20	astray	astray	ADV
easat-5853	380	21	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	380	22	any	any	DET
easat-5853	380	23	single	single	ADJ
easat-5853	380	24	source	source	NOUN
easat-5853	380	25	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	380	26	information	information	NOUN
easat-5853	380	27	[	[	X
easat-5853	380	28	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	380	29	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	380	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	381	1	4	4	X
easat-5853	381	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	381	3	maintain	maintain	VERB
easat-5853	381	4	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	381	5	motivation	motivation	NOUN
easat-5853	381	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	381	7	to	to	PART
easat-5853	381	8	prevent	prevent	VERB
easat-5853	381	9	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	381	10	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	381	11	dipping	dip	VERB
easat-5853	381	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	381	13	periodically	periodically	ADV
easat-5853	381	14	introduce	introduce	VERB
easat-5853	381	15	new	new	ADJ
easat-5853	381	16	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	381	17	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-5853	381	18	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	381	19	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-5853	381	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	382	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	382	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-5853	382	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	382	4	implement	implement	VERB
easat-5853	382	5	goal	goal	NOUN
easat-5853	382	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	382	7	oriented	orient	VERB
easat-5853	382	8	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-5853	382	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	382	10	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-5853	382	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	382	12	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	382	13	convince	convince	VERB
easat-5853	382	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	382	15	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	382	16	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	382	17	your	your	PRON
easat-5853	382	18	opinion	opinion	NOUN
easat-5853	382	19	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	382	20	x	x	NOUN
easat-5853	382	21	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	382	22	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	382	23	“	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	382	24	teach	teach	VERB
easat-5853	382	25	the	the	DET
easat-5853	382	26	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	382	27	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	382	28	a	a	DET
easat-5853	382	29	custom	custom	NOUN
easat-5853	382	30	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	382	31	your	your	PRON
easat-5853	382	32	culture	culture	NOUN
easat-5853	382	33	”	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	382	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	382	35	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	382	36	make	make	VERB
easat-5853	382	37	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	382	38	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	382	39	purposeful	purposeful	ADJ
easat-5853	382	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	382	41	game	game	NOUN
easat-5853	382	42	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	382	43	like	like	NOUN
easat-5853	382	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	383	1	some	some	DET
easat-5853	383	2	platforms	platform	NOUN
easat-5853	383	3	allow	allow	VERB
easat-5853	383	4	adding	add	VERB
easat-5853	383	5	multimedia	multimedia	NOUN
easat-5853	383	6	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	383	7	switching	switching	NOUN
easat-5853	383	8	modes	mode	NOUN
easat-5853	383	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	383	10	text	text	NOUN
easat-5853	383	11	to	to	PART
easat-5853	383	12	voice	voice	NOUN
easat-5853	383	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	383	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	384	1	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	384	2	the	the	DET
easat-5853	384	3	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	384	4	’s	’s	PART
easat-5853	384	5	text	text	NOUN
easat-5853	384	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	384	7	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	384	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	384	9	speech	speech	NOUN
easat-5853	384	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	384	11	speech	speech	NOUN
easat-5853	384	12	recognition	recognition	NOUN
easat-5853	384	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	384	14	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	384	15	available	available	ADJ
easat-5853	384	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	384	17	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	384	18	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	384	19	let	let	VERB
easat-5853	384	20	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	384	21	practice	practice	VERB
easat-5853	384	22	spoken	speak	VERB
easat-5853	384	23	conversation	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	384	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	384	25	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	384	26	adds	add	VERB
easat-5853	384	27	variety	variety	NOUN
easat-5853	384	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	385	1	recognize	recognize	VERB
easat-5853	385	2	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	385	3	efforts	effort	NOUN
easat-5853	385	4	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	385	5	celebrating	celebrate	VERB
easat-5853	385	6	milestones	milestone	NOUN
easat-5853	385	7	such	such	ADJ
easat-5853	385	8	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	385	9	number	number	NOUN
easat-5853	385	10	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	385	11	conversations	conversation	NOUN
easat-5853	385	12	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	385	13	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-5853	385	14	noted	note	VERB
easat-5853	385	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	385	16	which	which	PRON
easat-5853	385	17	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	385	18	motivate	motivate	VERB
easat-5853	385	19	continued	continued	ADJ
easat-5853	385	20	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	385	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	386	1	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	386	2	’s	’	VERB
easat-5853	386	3	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	386	4	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
easat-5853	386	5	to	to	PART
easat-5853	386	6	solicit	solicit	VERB
easat-5853	386	7	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	386	8	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	386	9	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	386	10	the	the	DET
easat-5853	386	11	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	386	12	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	386	13	regularly	regularly	ADV
easat-5853	386	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	386	15	adjust	adjust	VERB
easat-5853	386	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	386	17	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-5853	386	18	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
easat-5853	386	19	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	386	20	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	386	21	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	386	22	have	have	VERB
easat-5853	386	23	creative	creative	ADJ
easat-5853	386	24	ideas	idea	NOUN
easat-5853	386	25	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	386	26	how	how	SCONJ
easat-5853	386	27	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	386	28	’s	’	VERB
easat-5853	386	29	most	most	ADV
easat-5853	386	30	useful	useful	ADJ
easat-5853	386	31	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	386	32	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	386	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	387	1	5	5	X
easat-5853	387	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	388	1	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	388	2	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-5853	388	3	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	388	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	388	5	academic	academic	ADJ
easat-5853	388	6	integrity	integrity	NOUN
easat-5853	388	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	388	8	set	set	VERB
easat-5853	388	9	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-5853	388	10	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
easat-5853	388	11	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	388	12	what	what	PRON
easat-5853	388	13	the	the	DET
easat-5853	388	14	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	388	15	should	should	AUX
easat-5853	388	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	388	17	should	should	AUX
easat-5853	388	18	n’t	not	PART
easat-5853	388	19	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	388	20	used	use	VERB
easat-5853	388	21	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	388	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	389	1	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	389	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-5853	389	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	389	4	if	if	SCONJ
easat-5853	389	5	writing	write	VERB
easat-5853	389	6	assignments	assignment	NOUN
easat-5853	389	7	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	389	8	given	give	VERB
easat-5853	389	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	389	10	clarify	clarify	VERB
easat-5853	389	11	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	389	12	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	389	13	the	the	DET
easat-5853	389	14	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	389	15	to	to	PART
easat-5853	389	16	write	write	VERB
easat-5853	389	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	389	18	correct	correct	VERB
easat-5853	389	19	the	the	DET
easat-5853	389	20	entire	entire	ADJ
easat-5853	389	21	essay	essay	NOUN
easat-5853	389	22	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	389	23	them	they	PRON
easat-5853	389	24	would	would	AUX
easat-5853	389	25	be	be	AUX
easat-5853	389	26	against	against	ADP
easat-5853	389	27	the	the	DET
easat-5853	389	28	purpose	purpose	NOUN
easat-5853	389	29	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	389	30	unless	unless	SCONJ
easat-5853	389	31	the	the	DET
easat-5853	389	32	assignment	assignment	NOUN
easat-5853	389	33	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	389	34	specifically	specifically	ADV
easat-5853	389	35	about	about	ADP
easat-5853	389	36	interacting	interact	VERB
easat-5853	389	37	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	389	38	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	389	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	389	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	390	1	instead	instead	ADV
easat-5853	390	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	390	3	encourage	encourage	VERB
easat-5853	390	4	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	390	5	the	the	DET
easat-5853	390	6	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	390	7	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	390	8	brainstorming	brainstorming	NOUN
easat-5853	390	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	390	10	practicing	practicing	NOUN
easat-5853	390	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	390	12	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	390	13	not	not	PART
easat-5853	390	14	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	390	15	cheating	cheat	VERB
easat-5853	390	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	391	1	educating	educate	VERB
easat-5853	391	2	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	391	3	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	391	4	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-5853	391	5	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	391	6	use	use	NOUN
easat-5853	391	7	builds	build	VERB
easat-5853	391	8	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	391	9	digital	digital	ADJ
easat-5853	391	10	literacy	literacy	NOUN
easat-5853	391	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	391	12	prevents	prevent	VERB
easat-5853	391	13	misuse	misuse	NOUN
easat-5853	391	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	392	1	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	392	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-5853	392	3	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-5853	392	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	392	5	instructors	instructor	NOUN
easat-5853	392	6	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	392	7	require	require	VERB
easat-5853	392	8	some	some	DET
easat-5853	392	9	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5853	392	10	presentations	presentation	NOUN
easat-5853	392	11	or	or	CCONJ
easat-5853	392	12	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	392	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	392	14	person	person	NOUN
easat-5853	392	15	demonstrations	demonstration	NOUN
easat-5853	392	16	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	392	17	skill	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	392	18	to	to	PART
easat-5853	392	19	complement	complement	VERB
easat-5853	392	20	any	any	DET
easat-5853	392	21	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	392	22	done	do	VERB
easat-5853	392	23	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	392	24	ai	ai	PROPN
easat-5853	392	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	392	26	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	392	27	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	392	28	the	the	DET
easat-5853	392	29	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	392	30	genuinely	genuinely	ADV
easat-5853	392	31	belong	belong	VERB
easat-5853	392	32	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	392	33	the	the	DET
easat-5853	392	34	student	student	NOUN
easat-5853	392	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	393	1	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	393	2	framing	frame	VERB
easat-5853	393	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	393	4	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	393	5	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	393	6	a	a	DET
easat-5853	393	7	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	393	8	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	393	9	rather	rather	ADV
easat-5853	393	10	than	than	ADP
easat-5853	393	11	an	an	DET
easat-5853	393	12	answer	answer	NOUN
easat-5853	393	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	393	14	giver	giver	NOUN
easat-5853	393	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	393	16	students	student	NOUN
easat-5853	393	17	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	393	18	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	393	19	likely	likely	ADJ
easat-5853	393	20	to	to	PART
easat-5853	393	21	use	use	VERB
easat-5853	393	22	it	it	PRON
easat-5853	393	23	to	to	PART
easat-5853	393	24	learn	learn	VERB
easat-5853	393	25	rather	rather	ADV
easat-5853	393	26	than	than	ADP
easat-5853	393	27	to	to	PART
easat-5853	393	28	shortcut	shortcut	VERB
easat-5853	393	29	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	393	30	work	work	NOUN
easat-5853	393	31	[	[	X
easat-5853	393	32	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	393	33	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	393	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	394	1	7	7	X
easat-5853	394	2	.	.	X
easat-5853	394	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
easat-5853	394	4	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	394	5	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
easat-5853	394	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	394	7	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	394	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	394	9	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	394	10	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	394	11	represent	represent	VERB
easat-5853	394	12	a	a	DET
easat-5853	394	13	transformative	transformative	ADJ
easat-5853	394	14	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	394	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	394	16	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	394	17	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	394	18	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	394	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	394	20	offering	offer	VERB
easat-5853	394	21	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-5853	394	22	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	394	23	that	that	PRON
easat-5853	394	24	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	394	25	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	394	26	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	394	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	394	28	engagement	engagement	NOUN
easat-5853	394	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	394	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	394	31	learner	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	394	32	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
easat-5853	394	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	395	1	our	our	PRON
easat-5853	395	2	expanded	expand	VERB
easat-5853	395	3	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	395	4	affirms	affirm	VERB
easat-5853	395	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	395	6	when	when	SCONJ
easat-5853	395	7	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-5853	395	8	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-5853	395	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	395	10	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	395	11	ai	ai	PROPN
easat-5853	395	12	assistants	assistant	NOUN
easat-5853	395	13	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	395	14	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-5853	395	15	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	395	16	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	395	17	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	395	18	experiences	experience	NOUN
easat-5853	395	19	–	–	PUNCT
easat-5853	395	20	making	make	VERB
easat-5853	395	21	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	395	22	more	more	ADV
easat-5853	395	23	accessible	accessible	ADJ
easat-5853	395	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	395	25	personalized	personalized	ADJ
easat-5853	395	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	395	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	395	28	enjoyable	enjoyable	ADJ
easat-5853	395	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	396	1	yet	yet	ADV
easat-5853	396	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	396	3	maximizing	maximize	VERB
easat-5853	396	4	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	396	5	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-5853	396	6	will	will	AUX
easat-5853	396	7	require	require	VERB
easat-5853	396	8	careful	careful	ADJ
easat-5853	396	9	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-5853	396	10	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	396	11	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	396	12	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-5853	396	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	396	14	thoughtful	thoughtful	ADJ
easat-5853	396	15	blending	blending	NOUN
easat-5853	396	16	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	396	17	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	396	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
easat-5853	396	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	397	1	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	397	2	following	follow	VERB
easat-5853	397	3	the	the	DET
easat-5853	397	4	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
easat-5853	397	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	397	6	pursuing	pursue	VERB
easat-5853	397	7	the	the	DET
easat-5853	397	8	outlined	outline	VERB
easat-5853	397	9	future	future	ADJ
easat-5853	397	10	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	397	11	directions	direction	NOUN
easat-5853	397	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	397	13	educators	educator	NOUN
easat-5853	397	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	397	15	researchers	researcher	NOUN
easat-5853	397	16	can	can	AUX
easat-5853	397	17	work	work	VERB
easat-5853	397	18	towards	towards	ADP
easat-5853	397	19	a	a	DET
easat-5853	397	20	future	future	NOUN
easat-5853	397	21	where	where	SCONJ
easat-5853	397	22	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	397	23	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	397	24	are	be	AUX
easat-5853	397	25	seamlessly	seamlessly	ADV
easat-5853	397	26	woven	weave	VERB
easat-5853	397	27	into	into	ADP
easat-5853	397	28	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	397	29	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	397	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	397	31	leveraging	leverage	VERB
easat-5853	397	32	advances	advance	NOUN
easat-5853	397	33	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	397	34	natural	natural	ADJ
easat-5853	397	35	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	397	36	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-5853	397	37	to	to	PART
easat-5853	397	38	provide	provide	VERB
easat-5853	397	39	richer	rich	ADJ
easat-5853	397	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	397	41	more	more	ADJ
easat-5853	397	42	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	397	43	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	397	44	aware	aware	ADJ
easat-5853	397	45	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-5853	397	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	398	1	such	such	DET
easat-5853	398	2	a	a	DET
easat-5853	398	3	future	future	NOUN
easat-5853	398	4	holds	hold	VERB
easat-5853	398	5	promise	promise	NOUN
easat-5853	398	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	398	7	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	398	8	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	398	9	might	might	AUX
easat-5853	398	10	one	one	NUM
easat-5853	398	11	day	day	NOUN
easat-5853	398	12	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	398	13	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	398	14	companions	companion	NOUN
easat-5853	398	15	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	398	16	not	not	PART
easat-5853	398	17	only	only	ADV
easat-5853	398	18	converse	converse	NOUN
easat-5853	398	19	fluently	fluently	ADV
easat-5853	398	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	398	21	but	but	CCONJ
easat-5853	398	22	also	also	ADV
easat-5853	398	23	understand	understand	VERB
easat-5853	398	24	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	398	25	cultural	cultural	ADJ
easat-5853	398	26	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	398	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	398	28	respond	respond	VERB
easat-5853	398	29	to	to	ADP
easat-5853	398	30	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	398	31	emotions	emotion	NOUN
easat-5853	398	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	398	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	398	34	collaborate	collaborate	VERB
easat-5853	398	35	with	with	ADP
easat-5853	398	36	their	their	PRON
easat-5853	398	37	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	398	38	teachers	teacher	NOUN
easat-5853	398	39	to	to	PART
easat-5853	398	40	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-5853	398	41	a	a	DET
easat-5853	398	42	holistic	holistic	ADJ
easat-5853	398	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	398	44	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-5853	398	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	398	46	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	398	47	human	human	ADJ
easat-5853	398	48	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	398	49	centric	centric	NOUN
easat-5853	398	50	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	398	51	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	398	52	journey	journey	NOUN
easat-5853	398	53	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	399	1	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	399	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-5853	399	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	399	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	399	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	399	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	399	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-5853	399	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	399	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-5853	399	10	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	399	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-5853	399	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	399	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	400	1	9	9	NUM
easat-5853	400	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	400	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	400	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	401	1	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	401	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	401	3	2616	2616	NUM
easat-5853	401	4	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	401	5	2629	2629	NUM
easat-5853	401	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	401	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	401	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-5853	401	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	401	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5853	NUM
easat-5853	401	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	401	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	401	13	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	401	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	401	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	401	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	401	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-5853	401	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-5853	401	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-5853	401	20	transparency	transparency	NOUN
easat-5853	401	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	401	22	the	the	DET
easat-5853	401	23	author	author	NOUN
easat-5853	401	24	confirms	confirm	VERB
easat-5853	401	25	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	401	26	the	the	DET
easat-5853	401	27	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
easat-5853	401	28	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	401	29	an	an	DET
easat-5853	401	30	honest	honest	ADJ
easat-5853	401	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	401	32	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-5853	401	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	401	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	401	35	transparent	transparent	ADJ
easat-5853	401	36	account	account	NOUN
easat-5853	401	37	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	401	38	the	the	DET
easat-5853	401	39	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	401	40	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	401	41	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	401	42	no	no	DET
easat-5853	401	43	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-5853	401	44	features	feature	NOUN
easat-5853	401	45	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	401	46	the	the	DET
easat-5853	401	47	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	401	48	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	401	49	been	be	AUX
easat-5853	401	50	omitted	omit	VERB
easat-5853	401	51	;	;	PUNCT
easat-5853	401	52	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	401	53	that	that	SCONJ
easat-5853	401	54	any	any	DET
easat-5853	401	55	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-5853	401	56	from	from	ADP
easat-5853	401	57	the	the	DET
easat-5853	401	58	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	401	59	as	as	SCONJ
easat-5853	401	60	planned	plan	VERB
easat-5853	401	61	have	have	AUX
easat-5853	401	62	been	be	AUX
easat-5853	401	63	explained	explain	VERB
easat-5853	401	64	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	402	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	402	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	402	3	followed	follow	VERB
easat-5853	402	4	all	all	DET
easat-5853	402	5	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-5853	402	6	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	402	7	during	during	ADP
easat-5853	402	8	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-5853	402	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	403	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
easat-5853	403	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	403	3	©	©	PROPN
easat-5853	403	4	2025	2025	NUM
easat-5853	403	5	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	403	6	the	the	DET
easat-5853	403	7	authors	author	NOUN
easat-5853	403	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	404	1	this	this	DET
easat-5853	404	2	open	open	ADJ
easat-5853	404	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	404	4	access	access	NOUN
easat-5853	404	5	article	article	NOUN
easat-5853	404	6	is	be	AUX
easat-5853	404	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-5853	404	8	under	under	ADP
easat-5853	404	9	the	the	DET
easat-5853	404	10	terms	term	NOUN
easat-5853	404	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	404	12	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-5853	404	13	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	404	14	the	the	DET
easat-5853	404	15	creative	creative	ADJ
easat-5853	404	16	commons	common	NOUN
easat-5853	404	17	attribution	attribution	NOUN
easat-5853	404	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	404	19	cc	cc	NOUN
easat-5853	404	20	by	by	ADP
easat-5853	404	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	404	22	license	license	NOUN
easat-5853	404	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	404	24	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-5853	404	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	404	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	1	references	reference	NOUN
easat-5853	405	2	[	[	X
easat-5853	405	3	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	405	4	]	]	X
easat-5853	405	5	n.	n.	PROPN
easat-5853	405	6	labadze	labadze	PROPN
easat-5853	405	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	8	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-5853	405	9	xu	xu	PROPN
easat-5853	405	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	405	12	p.	p.	PROPN
easat-5853	405	13	lin	lin	PROPN
easat-5853	405	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	405	17	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-5853	405	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	405	19	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	405	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	21	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	405	22	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	405	23	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	405	24	education	education	NOUN
easat-5853	405	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	26	a	a	DET
easat-5853	405	27	systematic	systematic	ADJ
easat-5853	405	28	review	review	NOUN
easat-5853	405	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	31	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-5853	405	32	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	405	33	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5853	405	34	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	405	35	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	405	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	37	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	405	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	405	39	41	41	NUM
easat-5853	405	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	41	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	405	42	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	405	43	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	405	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	405	45	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5853	405	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	406	1	187	187	NUM
easat-5853	406	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	406	3	205	205	NUM
easat-5853	406	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	406	5	2023	2023	NUM
easat-5853	406	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jedutechres.2023.05.003	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jedutechres.2023.05.003	X
easat-5853	407	2	[	[	X
easat-5853	407	3	2	2	X
easat-5853	407	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	5	z.	z.	PROPN
easat-5853	407	6	xiao	xiao	PROPN
easat-5853	407	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	8	y.	y.	PROPN
easat-5853	407	9	huang	huang	PROPN
easat-5853	407	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	407	12	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-5853	407	13	blanco	blanco	PROPN
easat-5853	407	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	16	analyzing	analyze	VERB
easat-5853	407	17	large	large	ADJ
easat-5853	407	18	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	407	19	models	model	NOUN
easat-5853	407	20	’	'	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	21	capability	capability	NOUN
easat-5853	407	22	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	407	23	location	location	NOUN
easat-5853	407	24	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-5853	407	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	27	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	407	28	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
easat-5853	407	29	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	407	30	the	the	DET
easat-5853	407	31	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5853	407	32	joint	joint	ADJ
easat-5853	407	33	international	international	ADJ
easat-5853	407	34	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-5853	407	35	on	on	ADP
easat-5853	407	36	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-5853	407	37	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
easat-5853	407	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	39	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	407	40	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-5853	407	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	407	42	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-5853	407	43	(	(	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	44	lreccoling	lreccole	VERB
easat-5853	407	45	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5853	407	46	)	)	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	48	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5853	407	49	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	407	50	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5853	407	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	408	1	951–958	951–958	NUM
easat-5853	408	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	409	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	409	2	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	409	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	409	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-5853	409	5	tajik	tajik	PROPN
easat-5853	409	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	409	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	409	8	exploring	explore	VERB
easat-5853	409	9	the	the	DET
easat-5853	409	10	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-5853	409	11	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	409	12	chatgpt	chatgpt	NOUN
easat-5853	409	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	409	14	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-5853	409	15	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	409	16	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	409	17	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	409	18	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	409	19	’	'	PUNCT
easat-5853	409	20	reflections	reflection	NOUN
easat-5853	409	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	409	22	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-5853	409	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	409	24	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	409	25	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-5853	409	26	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	409	27	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	409	28	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
easat-5853	409	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	409	30	tesol	tesol	NOUN
easat-5853	409	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	409	32	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	409	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	409	34	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	409	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	409	36	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	409	37	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	409	38	4	4	NUM
easat-5853	409	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	409	40	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5853	409	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	410	1	45	45	NUM
easat-5853	410	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	410	3	58	58	NUM
easat-5853	410	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	410	5	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5853	410	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	411	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	411	2	4	4	NUM
easat-5853	411	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	411	4	x.	x.	NOUN
easat-5853	411	5	yuan	yuan	PROPN
easat-5853	411	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	411	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	411	8	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	411	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	411	10	powered	power	VERB
easat-5853	411	11	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	411	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	411	13	oral	oral	ADJ
easat-5853	411	14	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
easat-5853	411	15	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	411	16	chinese	chinese	PROPN
easat-5853	411	17	efl	efl	PROPN
easat-5853	411	18	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	411	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	411	20	a	a	DET
easat-5853	411	21	controlled	control	VERB
easat-5853	411	22	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	411	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	411	24	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	411	25	educational	educational	ADJ
easat-5853	411	26	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	411	27	&	&	CCONJ
easat-5853	411	28	society	society	NOUN
easat-5853	411	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	411	30	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	411	31	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	411	32	27	27	NUM
easat-5853	411	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	411	34	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	411	35	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	411	36	2	2	NUM
easat-5853	411	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	411	38	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5853	411	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	412	1	61	61	NUM
easat-5853	412	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	412	3	79	79	NUM
easat-5853	412	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	412	5	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5853	412	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edtechsoc.2024.06.008	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edtechsoc.2024.06.008	NOUN
easat-5853	413	2	[	[	X
easat-5853	413	3	5	5	NUM
easat-5853	413	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	5	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-5853	413	6	wang	wang	PROPN
easat-5853	413	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	8	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-5853	413	9	zhao	zhao	PROPN
easat-5853	413	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	413	12	y.	y.	PROPN
easat-5853	413	13	sun	sun	PROPN
easat-5853	413	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	16	the	the	DET
easat-5853	413	17	role	role	NOUN
easat-5853	413	18	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	413	19	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	413	20	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-5853	413	21	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	413	22	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	413	23	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	413	24	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	413	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	26	a	a	DET
easat-5853	413	27	meta	meta	ADJ
easat-5853	413	28	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	29	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-5853	413	30	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	413	31	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-5853	413	32	studies	study	NOUN
easat-5853	413	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	34	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	35	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	413	36	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	413	37	research	research	NOUN
easat-5853	413	38	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-5853	413	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	40	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	413	41	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	413	42	32	32	NUM
easat-5853	413	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	44	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	413	45	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	413	46	3	3	NUM
easat-5853	413	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	413	48	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5853	413	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	414	1	139	139	NUM
easat-5853	414	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	414	3	157	157	NUM
easat-5853	414	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	414	5	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5853	414	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	415	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2024.1820119	https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2024.1820119	NOUN
easat-5853	416	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	416	2	6	6	NUM
easat-5853	416	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	416	4	q.	q.	PROPN
easat-5853	416	5	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-5853	416	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	416	7	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-5853	416	8	huang	huang	PROPN
easat-5853	416	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	416	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	416	11	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
easat-5853	416	12	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	416	13	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	416	14	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	416	15	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	416	16	learners	learner	NOUN
easat-5853	416	17	using	use	VERB
easat-5853	416	18	ai	ai	VERB
easat-5853	416	19	conversational	conversational	ADJ
easat-5853	416	20	agents	agent	NOUN
easat-5853	416	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	416	22	an	an	DET
easat-5853	416	23	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-5853	416	24	investigation	investigation	NOUN
easat-5853	416	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	416	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	416	27	applied	apply	VERB
easat-5853	416	28	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
easat-5853	416	29	review	review	NOUN
easat-5853	416	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	416	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	416	32	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	416	33	15	15	NUM
easat-5853	416	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	416	35	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	416	36	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	416	37	4	4	NUM
easat-5853	416	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	416	39	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5853	416	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	416	41	315	315	NUM
easat-5853	416	42	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	416	43	345	345	NUM
easat-5853	416	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	416	45	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5853	416	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	417	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2024.1829123	https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2024.1829123	PROPN
easat-5853	418	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	418	2	7	7	NUM
easat-5853	418	3	]	]	X
easat-5853	418	4	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-5853	418	5	lingaiah	lingaiah	PROPN
easat-5853	418	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	418	7	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-5853	418	8	ravi	ravi	PROPN
easat-5853	418	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	418	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	418	11	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-5853	418	12	tan	tan	PROPN
easat-5853	418	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	418	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	418	15	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	418	16	esl	esl	PROPN
easat-5853	418	17	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-5853	418	18	skills	skill	NOUN
easat-5853	418	19	through	through	ADP
easat-5853	418	20	ai	ai	PROPN
easat-5853	418	21	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	418	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	418	23	a	a	DET
easat-5853	418	24	review	review	NOUN
easat-5853	418	25	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	418	26	automated	automate	VERB
easat-5853	418	27	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-5853	418	28	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
easat-5853	418	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	418	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	418	31	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	418	32	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	418	33	&	&	CCONJ
easat-5853	418	34	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	418	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	418	36	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	418	37	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	418	38	28	28	NUM
easat-5853	418	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	418	40	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	418	41	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	418	42	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	418	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	418	44	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5853	418	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	419	1	53	53	NUM
easat-5853	419	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	419	3	72	72	NUM
easat-5853	419	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	419	5	2024	2024	NUM
easat-5853	419	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	420	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-024-1234-7	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-024-1234-7	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	1	[	[	X
easat-5853	421	2	8	8	NUM
easat-5853	421	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	4	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-5853	421	5	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-5853	421	6	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-5853	421	7	abusahyon	abusahyon	PROPN
easat-5853	421	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	9	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-5853	421	10	alzyoud	alzyoud	PROPN
easat-5853	421	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	12	o.	o.	PROPN
easat-5853	421	13	alshorman	alshorman	NOUN
easat-5853	421	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	421	16	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-5853	421	17	al	al	PROPN
easat-5853	421	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	19	absi	absi	ADJ
easat-5853	421	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	22	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-5853	421	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	24	driven	drive	VERB
easat-5853	421	25	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	421	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	421	27	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN
easat-5853	421	28	as	as	ADP
easat-5853	421	29	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-5853	421	30	for	for	ADP
easat-5853	421	31	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-5853	421	32	english	english	ADJ
easat-5853	421	33	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	421	34	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-5853	421	35	in	in	ADP
easat-5853	421	36	the	the	DET
easat-5853	421	37	context	context	NOUN
easat-5853	421	38	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	421	39	second	second	ADJ
easat-5853	421	40	language	language	NOUN
easat-5853	421	41	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
easat-5853	421	42	:	:	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	43	a	a	DET
easat-5853	421	44	review	review	NOUN
easat-5853	421	45	study	study	NOUN
easat-5853	421	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	47	"	"	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	48	international	international	ADJ
easat-5853	421	49	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-5853	421	50	of	of	ADP
easat-5853	421	51	membrane	membrane	NOUN
easat-5853	421	52	science	science	NOUN
easat-5853	421	53	and	and	CCONJ
easat-5853	421	54	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-5853	421	55	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	421	56	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-5853	421	57	.	.	PROPN
easat-5853	422	1	10	10	NUM
easat-5853	422	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	422	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-5853	422	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-5853	422	5	1	1	NUM
easat-5853	422	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	422	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-5853	422	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	423	1	1209	1209	NUM
easat-5853	423	2	-	-	SYM
easat-5853	423	3	1223	1223	NUM
easat-5853	423	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-5853	423	5	2023	2023	NUM
easat-5853	423	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-5853	424	1	https://doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i1.2829	https://doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i1.2829	AUX
easat-5853	424	2	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-5853	424	3	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jedutechres.2023.05.003	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jedutechres.2023.05.003	PROPN
easat-5853	424	4	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edtechsoc.2024.06.008	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edtechsoc.2024.06.008	PROPN
easat-5853	424	5	https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2024.1820119	https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2024.1820119	PROPN
easat-5853	424	6	https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2024.1829123	https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2024.1829123	PROPN
easat-5853	424	7	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-024-1234-7	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-024-1234-7	NUM
easat-5853	424	8	https://doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i1.2829	https://doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i1.2829	X