id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
easat-6979	1	1	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	1	2	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	1	3	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	1	5	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	1	6	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	1	8	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	1	9	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	1	10	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	1	12	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	2	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	2	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	2	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	2	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	2	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	2	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	2	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	2	10	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	2	11	publisher	publisher	NOUN
easat-6979	2	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	2	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-6979	2	14	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	2	15	doi	doi	PROPN
easat-6979	2	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	2	17	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	2	18	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	2	19	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	2	20	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	2	21	the	the	DET
easat-6979	2	22	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	2	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	2	24	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	2	25	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-6979	2	26	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	3	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-6979	3	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	3	3	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	3	4	the	the	DET
easat-6979	3	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	3	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	3	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-6979	3	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	3	10	history	history	NOUN
easat-6979	3	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	12	received	receive	VERB
easat-6979	3	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	14	4	4	NUM
easat-6979	3	15	february	february	NOUN
easat-6979	3	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	3	17	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	18	revised	revise	VERB
easat-6979	3	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	20	8	8	NUM
easat-6979	3	21	april	april	PROPN
easat-6979	3	22	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	3	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	24	accepted	accept	VERB
easat-6979	3	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	26	11	11	NUM
easat-6979	3	27	april	april	PROPN
easat-6979	3	28	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	3	29	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	30	published	publish	VERB
easat-6979	3	31	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	32	8	8	NUM
easat-6979	3	33	may	may	PROPN
easat-6979	3	34	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	3	35	*	*	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	36	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
easat-6979	3	37	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	38	jirith@kku.ac.th	jirith@kku.ac.th	PROPN
easat-6979	3	39	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	3	40	disparities	disparity	NOUN
easat-6979	3	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	3	42	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	3	43	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	3	44	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	3	45	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	3	46	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	3	47	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	3	48	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	3	49	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-6979	3	50	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	3	51	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	3	52	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	3	53	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	3	54	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	4	1	paramaporn	paramaporn	PROPN
easat-6979	4	2	weeraphan1	weeraphan1	ADJ
easat-6979	4	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	4	4	acharaporn	acharaporn	ADJ
easat-6979	4	5	seehawattana2	seehawattana2	ADJ
easat-6979	4	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	4	7	peachaya	peachaya	NOUN
easat-6979	4	8	jongudomkarn3	jongudomkarn3	PROPN
easat-6979	4	9	*	*	PROPN
easat-6979	4	10	1,2,3department	1,2,3department	NUM
easat-6979	4	11	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	4	12	law	law	NOUN
easat-6979	4	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	4	14	faculty	faculty	NOUN
easat-6979	4	15	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	4	16	interdisciplinary	interdisciplinary	ADJ
easat-6979	4	17	studies	study	NOUN
easat-6979	4	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	4	19	khon	khon	PROPN
easat-6979	4	20	kaen	kaen	PROPN
easat-6979	4	21	university	university	PROPN
easat-6979	4	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	4	23	nong	nong	PROPN
easat-6979	4	24	khai	khai	PROPN
easat-6979	4	25	campus	campus	PROPN
easat-6979	4	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	4	27	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	4	28	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	4	29	parawe@kku.ac.th	parawe@kku.ac.th	PROPN
easat-6979	4	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	4	31	p.w	p.w	PROPN
easat-6979	4	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	4	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	5	1	acharapornse@kku.ac.th	acharapornse@kku.ac.th	PROPN
easat-6979	5	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	5	3	a.s	a.s	PROPN
easat-6979	5	4	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	5	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	5	6	jirith@kku.ac.th	jirith@kku.ac.th	PROPN
easat-6979	5	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	5	8	p.j	p.j	PROPN
easat-6979	5	9	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	5	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	5	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	6	1	abstract	abstract	ADV
easat-6979	6	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	6	3	this	this	DET
easat-6979	6	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	6	5	examines	examine	VERB
easat-6979	6	6	the	the	DET
easat-6979	6	7	laws	law	NOUN
easat-6979	6	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	6	9	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	6	10	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	6	11	that	that	PRON
easat-6979	6	12	govern	govern	VERB
easat-6979	6	13	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	6	14	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	6	15	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	6	16	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	6	17	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	6	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	6	19	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	6	20	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	6	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	7	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	7	2	aim	aim	NOUN
easat-6979	7	3	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	7	4	to	to	PART
easat-6979	7	5	identify	identify	VERB
easat-6979	7	6	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	7	7	to	to	PART
easat-6979	7	8	formulate	formulate	VERB
easat-6979	7	9	an	an	DET
easat-6979	7	10	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	7	11	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	7	12	conducive	conducive	ADJ
easat-6979	7	13	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	7	14	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	7	15	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	7	16	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	7	17	logistics	logistic	NOUN
easat-6979	7	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	8	1	although	although	SCONJ
easat-6979	8	2	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	8	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	8	4	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	8	5	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	8	6	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	8	7	parties	party	NOUN
easat-6979	8	8	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	8	9	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	8	10	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	8	11	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	8	12	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	8	13	the	the	DET
easat-6979	8	14	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	8	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	8	16	association	association	NOUN
easat-6979	8	17	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	8	18	southeast	southeast	ADJ
easat-6979	8	19	asian	asian	ADJ
easat-6979	8	20	nations	nation	NOUN
easat-6979	8	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	8	22	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	8	23	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	8	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	8	25	asw	asw	PROPN
easat-6979	8	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	8	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	8	28	disparities	disparity	NOUN
easat-6979	8	29	remain	remain	VERB
easat-6979	8	30	due	due	ADJ
easat-6979	8	31	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	8	32	each	each	DET
easat-6979	8	33	country	country	NOUN
easat-6979	8	34	's	's	PART
easat-6979	8	35	unique	unique	ADJ
easat-6979	8	36	political	political	ADJ
easat-6979	8	37	priorities	priority	NOUN
easat-6979	8	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	8	39	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	8	40	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-6979	8	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	8	42	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	8	43	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	8	44	control	control	NOUN
easat-6979	8	45	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
easat-6979	8	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	9	1	drawing	draw	VERB
easat-6979	9	2	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	9	3	documentary	documentary	NOUN
easat-6979	9	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	9	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	9	6	field	field	NOUN
easat-6979	9	7	investigations	investigation	NOUN
easat-6979	9	8	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-6979	9	9	at	at	ADP
easat-6979	9	10	key	key	ADJ
easat-6979	9	11	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	9	12	logistics	logistic	NOUN
easat-6979	9	13	points	point	NOUN
easat-6979	9	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	9	15	this	this	DET
easat-6979	9	16	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	9	17	identifies	identify	VERB
easat-6979	9	18	procedural	procedural	ADJ
easat-6979	9	19	redundancies	redundancy	NOUN
easat-6979	9	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	9	21	digital	digital	ADJ
easat-6979	9	22	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	9	23	gaps	gap	NOUN
easat-6979	9	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	9	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	9	26	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	9	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	9	28	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	9	29	handling	handling	NOUN
easat-6979	9	30	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
easat-6979	9	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	10	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	10	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	10	3	uses	use	VERB
easat-6979	10	4	comparative	comparative	ADJ
easat-6979	10	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-6979	10	6	to	to	PART
easat-6979	10	7	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-6979	10	8	existing	exist	VERB
easat-6979	10	9	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-6979	10	10	against	against	ADP
easat-6979	10	11	successful	successful	ADJ
easat-6979	10	12	models	model	NOUN
easat-6979	10	13	like	like	ADP
easat-6979	10	14	the	the	DET
easat-6979	10	15	one	one	NUM
easat-6979	10	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	10	17	stop	stop	VERB
easat-6979	10	18	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	10	19	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	10	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	10	21	osbi	osbi	NOUN
easat-6979	10	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	10	23	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	10	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	11	1	stakeholder	stakeholder	NOUN
easat-6979	11	2	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	11	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	11	4	observational	observational	ADJ
easat-6979	11	5	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	11	6	further	far	ADV
easat-6979	11	7	inform	inform	VERB
easat-6979	11	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	11	9	development	development	NOUN
easat-6979	11	10	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	11	11	a	a	DET
easat-6979	11	12	harmonized	harmonized	ADJ
easat-6979	11	13	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	11	14	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	11	15	tailored	tailor	VERB
easat-6979	11	16	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	11	17	the	the	DET
easat-6979	11	18	thai	thai	PROPN
easat-6979	11	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	11	20	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	11	21	context	context	NOUN
easat-6979	11	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	12	1	current	current	ADJ
easat-6979	12	2	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	12	3	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	12	4	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	12	5	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	12	6	constrained	constrain	VERB
easat-6979	12	7	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	12	8	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
easat-6979	12	9	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	12	10	mandates	mandate	NOUN
easat-6979	12	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	12	12	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-6979	12	13	incompatibility	incompatibility	NOUN
easat-6979	12	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	12	15	causing	cause	VERB
easat-6979	12	16	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	12	17	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	12	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	12	19	increased	increase	VERB
easat-6979	12	20	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	12	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	12	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	12	23	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-6979	12	24	complexities	complexity	NOUN
easat-6979	12	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	13	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	13	2	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-6979	13	3	joint	joint	ADJ
easat-6979	13	4	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	13	5	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	13	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-6979	13	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	13	8	grounded	ground	VERB
easat-6979	13	9	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	13	10	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	13	11	harmonization	harmonization	NOUN
easat-6979	13	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	13	13	sharing	share	VERB
easat-6979	13	14	digital	digital	ADJ
easat-6979	13	15	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-6979	13	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	13	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	13	18	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
easat-6979	13	19	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	13	20	management	management	NOUN
easat-6979	13	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	13	22	can	can	AUX
easat-6979	13	23	improve	improve	VERB
easat-6979	13	24	procedural	procedural	ADJ
easat-6979	13	25	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	13	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	13	27	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	13	28	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	13	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	14	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	14	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	14	3	presents	present	VERB
easat-6979	14	4	a	a	DET
easat-6979	14	5	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-6979	14	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	14	7	oriented	orient	VERB
easat-6979	14	8	solution	solution	NOUN
easat-6979	14	9	to	to	PART
easat-6979	14	10	streamline	streamline	VERB
easat-6979	14	11	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	14	12	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	14	13	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	14	14	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	14	15	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	14	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	14	17	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	14	18	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	14	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	15	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	15	2	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-6979	15	3	solution	solution	NOUN
easat-6979	15	4	provides	provide	VERB
easat-6979	15	5	a	a	DET
easat-6979	15	6	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	15	7	to	to	PART
easat-6979	15	8	guide	guide	VERB
easat-6979	15	9	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	15	10	alignment	alignment	NOUN
easat-6979	15	11	that	that	PRON
easat-6979	15	12	purports	purport	VERB
easat-6979	15	13	to	to	PART
easat-6979	15	14	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-6979	15	15	the	the	DET
easat-6979	15	16	removal	removal	NOUN
easat-6979	15	17	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	15	18	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	15	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	15	20	logistical	logistical	ADJ
easat-6979	15	21	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-6979	15	22	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	15	23	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	15	24	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	15	25	—	—	PUNCT
easat-6979	15	26	the	the	DET
easat-6979	15	27	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	15	28	also	also	ADV
easat-6979	15	29	overtures	overture	VERB
easat-6979	15	30	the	the	DET
easat-6979	15	31	digital	digital	ADJ
easat-6979	15	32	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	15	33	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	15	34	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	15	35	administrations	administration	NOUN
easat-6979	15	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	16	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	16	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-6979	16	3	offer	offer	VERB
easat-6979	16	4	actionable	actionable	ADJ
easat-6979	16	5	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-6979	16	6	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	16	7	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
easat-6979	16	8	seeking	seek	VERB
easat-6979	16	9	to	to	PART
easat-6979	16	10	advance	advance	VERB
easat-6979	16	11	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	16	12	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	16	13	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	16	14	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	16	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	17	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	17	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	17	3	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
easat-6979	17	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-6979	17	5	its	its	PRON
easat-6979	17	6	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-6979	17	7	provide	provide	VERB
easat-6979	17	8	implementable	implementable	ADJ
easat-6979	17	9	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-6979	17	10	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	17	11	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
easat-6979	17	12	pursuing	pursue	VERB
easat-6979	17	13	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	17	14	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	17	15	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	17	16	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	17	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	18	1	it	it	PRON
easat-6979	18	2	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
easat-6979	18	3	the	the	DET
easat-6979	18	4	requisite	requisite	ADJ
easat-6979	18	5	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-6979	18	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	18	7	i.e.	i.e.	X
easat-6979	18	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	18	9	bilateral	bilateral	ADJ
easat-6979	18	10	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-6979	18	11	coordination	coordination	NOUN
easat-6979	18	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	18	13	systemlevel	systemlevel	NOUN
easat-6979	18	14	interoperability	interoperability	NOUN
easat-6979	18	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	18	16	that	that	PRON
easat-6979	18	17	allow	allow	VERB
easat-6979	18	18	logistical	logistical	ADJ
easat-6979	18	19	advantages	advantage	NOUN
easat-6979	18	20	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	18	21	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	18	22	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	18	23	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	18	24	railways	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	18	25	to	to	PART
easat-6979	18	26	coexist	coexist	VERB
easat-6979	18	27	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	18	28	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	18	29	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN
easat-6979	18	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	19	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
easat-6979	19	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	19	3	common	common	ADJ
easat-6979	19	4	control	control	NOUN
easat-6979	19	5	area	area	NOUN
easat-6979	19	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	19	7	customs	customs	NOUN
easat-6979	19	8	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	19	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	19	10	laos	laos	PROPN
easat-6979	19	11	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	19	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	19	13	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	19	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	19	15	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	19	16	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	19	17	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	19	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	20	1	1	1	X
easat-6979	20	2	.	.	X
easat-6979	20	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-6979	20	4	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	20	5	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	20	6	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	20	7	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	20	8	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
easat-6979	20	9	define	define	VERB
easat-6979	20	10	the	the	DET
easat-6979	20	11	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	20	12	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	20	13	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	20	14	which	which	PRON
easat-6979	20	15	crossborder	crossborder	NOUN
easat-6979	20	16	transportation	transportation	NOUN
easat-6979	20	17	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	20	18	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	20	19	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	20	20	implemented	implement	VERB
easat-6979	20	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	21	1	these	these	PRON
easat-6979	21	2	include	include	VERB
easat-6979	21	3	the	the	DET
easat-6979	21	4	gatt	gatt	NOUN
easat-6979	21	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	21	6	general	general	ADJ
easat-6979	21	7	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	21	8	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	21	9	tariffs	tariff	NOUN
easat-6979	21	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	21	11	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	21	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	22	2	1	1	X
easat-6979	22	3	]	]	X
easat-6979	22	4	tfa	tfa	X
easat-6979	22	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	6	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	22	7	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
easat-6979	22	8	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	22	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	11	rkc	rkc	PROPN
easat-6979	22	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	13	the	the	DET
easat-6979	22	14	revised	revise	VERB
easat-6979	22	15	kyoto	kyoto	PROPN
easat-6979	22	16	convention	convention	PROPN
easat-6979	22	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	19	the	the	DET
easat-6979	22	20	un	un	PROPN
easat-6979	22	21	vpoa	vpoa	PROPN
easat-6979	22	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	23	vienna	vienna	PROPN
easat-6979	22	24	programme	programme	NOUN
easat-6979	22	25	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	22	26	action	action	NOUN
easat-6979	22	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	29	the	the	DET
easat-6979	22	30	barcelona	barcelona	PROPN
easat-6979	22	31	convention	convention	PROPN
easat-6979	22	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	22	34	afafgit	afafgit	ADJ
easat-6979	22	35	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	36	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	22	37	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	22	38	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	22	39	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	22	40	the	the	DET
easat-6979	22	41	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
easat-6979	22	42	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	22	43	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	22	44	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	22	45	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	22	46	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	22	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	23	1	these	these	DET
easat-6979	23	2	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	23	3	seek	seek	VERB
easat-6979	23	4	to	to	PART
easat-6979	23	5	bring	bring	VERB
easat-6979	23	6	about	about	ADP
easat-6979	23	7	seamless	seamless	ADJ
easat-6979	23	8	transportation	transportation	NOUN
easat-6979	23	9	across	across	ADP
easat-6979	23	10	borders	border	NOUN
easat-6979	23	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	23	12	help	help	VERB
easat-6979	23	13	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-6979	23	14	the	the	DET
easat-6979	23	15	movement	movement	NOUN
easat-6979	23	16	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	23	17	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	23	18	to	to	PART
easat-6979	23	19	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-6979	23	20	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	23	21	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	23	22	through	through	ADP
easat-6979	23	23	harmonization	harmonization	NOUN
easat-6979	23	24	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	23	25	domestic	domestic	ADJ
easat-6979	23	26	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	23	27	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	23	28	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	23	29	[	[	X
easat-6979	23	30	2	2	NUM
easat-6979	23	31	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	23	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	24	1	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	24	2	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	24	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	24	4	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	24	5	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	24	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	24	7	members	member	NOUN
easat-6979	24	8	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	24	9	the	the	DET
easat-6979	24	10	asean	asean	PROPN
easat-6979	24	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	24	12	association	association	NOUN
easat-6979	24	13	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	24	14	southeast	southeast	ADJ
easat-6979	24	15	asian	asian	ADJ
easat-6979	24	16	nations	nation	NOUN
easat-6979	24	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	24	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	24	19	these	these	DET
easat-6979	24	20	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-6979	24	21	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	24	22	create	create	VERB
easat-6979	24	23	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-6979	24	24	requirements	requirement	NOUN
easat-6979	24	25	to	to	PART
easat-6979	24	26	harmonize	harmonize	VERB
easat-6979	24	27	domestic	domestic	ADJ
easat-6979	24	28	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	24	29	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	24	30	into	into	ADP
easat-6979	24	31	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	24	32	https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5269-2528	https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5269-2528	PROPN
easat-6979	24	33	https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8264-8288	https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8264-8288	NOUN
easat-6979	24	34	https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4244-2784	https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4244-2784	PROPN
easat-6979	24	35	642	642	NUM
easat-6979	24	36	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	24	37	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	24	38	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	24	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	24	40	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	24	41	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	24	42	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	24	43	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	24	44	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	24	45	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	24	46	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	24	47	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	25	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	25	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	25	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	25	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	25	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	25	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	25	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	25	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	25	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	25	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	25	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	25	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	25	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	25	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	25	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	25	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	25	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	25	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	25	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	25	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	26	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	26	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-6979	26	3	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	26	4	standards	standard	NOUN
easat-6979	26	5	[	[	X
easat-6979	26	6	3	3	NUM
easat-6979	26	7	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	26	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	27	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-6979	27	2	these	these	DET
easat-6979	27	3	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	27	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	27	5	differences	difference	NOUN
easat-6979	27	6	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	27	7	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	27	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	27	9	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	27	10	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	27	11	still	still	ADV
easat-6979	27	12	pose	pose	VERB
easat-6979	27	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	27	14	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	27	15	smooth	smooth	ADJ
easat-6979	27	16	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	27	17	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	27	18	across	across	ADP
easat-6979	27	19	borders	border	NOUN
easat-6979	27	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	27	21	leading	lead	VERB
easat-6979	27	22	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	27	23	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	27	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	27	25	redundancies	redundancy	NOUN
easat-6979	27	26	that	that	PRON
easat-6979	27	27	translate	translate	VERB
easat-6979	27	28	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	27	29	higher	high	ADJ
easat-6979	27	30	operator	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	27	31	transportation	transportation	NOUN
easat-6979	27	32	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	27	33	[	[	X
easat-6979	27	34	4	4	NUM
easat-6979	27	35	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	27	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	28	1	these	these	DET
easat-6979	28	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	28	3	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	28	4	exacerbated	exacerbate	VERB
easat-6979	28	5	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	28	6	different	different	ADJ
easat-6979	28	7	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	28	8	laws	law	NOUN
easat-6979	28	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	28	10	political	political	ADJ
easat-6979	28	11	governance	governance	NOUN
easat-6979	28	12	regimes	regime	NOUN
easat-6979	28	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	28	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	28	15	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	28	16	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-6979	28	17	that	that	PRON
easat-6979	28	18	influence	influence	VERB
easat-6979	28	19	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	28	20	management	management	NOUN
easat-6979	28	21	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-6979	28	22	[	[	X
easat-6979	28	23	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	28	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	28	25	6	6	NUM
easat-6979	28	26	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	28	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	29	1	oversight	oversight	NOUN
easat-6979	29	2	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	29	3	a	a	DET
easat-6979	29	4	multiplicity	multiplicity	NOUN
easat-6979	29	5	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	29	6	agencies	agency	NOUN
easat-6979	29	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	29	8	protective	protective	ADJ
easat-6979	29	9	measures	measure	NOUN
easat-6979	29	10	also	also	ADV
easat-6979	29	11	exacerbate	exacerbate	VERB
easat-6979	29	12	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	29	13	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	29	14	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	29	15	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	29	16	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	29	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	30	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	30	2	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	30	3	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	30	4	process	process	NOUN
easat-6979	30	5	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	30	6	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	30	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	30	8	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	30	9	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	30	10	exemplifies	exemplify	VERB
easat-6979	30	11	these	these	DET
easat-6979	30	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	30	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	30	14	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-6979	30	15	1	1	NUM
easat-6979	30	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	30	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	30	18	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	30	19	the	the	DET
easat-6979	30	20	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	30	21	-	-	PROPN
easat-6979	30	22	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	30	23	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	30	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	30	25	the	the	DET
easat-6979	30	26	boten	boten	PROPN
easat-6979	30	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	30	28	vientiane	vientiane	NOUN
easat-6979	30	29	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	30	30	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	30	31	part	part	NOUN
easat-6979	30	32	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	30	33	six	six	NUM
easat-6979	30	34	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	30	35	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	30	36	corridors	corridor	NOUN
easat-6979	30	37	under	under	ADP
easat-6979	30	38	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	30	39	's	's	PART
easat-6979	30	40	belt	belt	NOUN
easat-6979	30	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	30	42	road	road	NOUN
easat-6979	30	43	initiative	initiative	NOUN
easat-6979	30	44	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	30	45	bri	bri	NOUN
easat-6979	30	46	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	30	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	31	1	it	it	PRON
easat-6979	31	2	runs	run	VERB
easat-6979	31	3	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	31	4	the	the	DET
easat-6979	31	5	laotian	laotian	ADJ
easat-6979	31	6	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-6979	31	7	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	31	8	vientiane	vientiane	NOUN
easat-6979	31	9	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	31	10	boten	boten	PROPN
easat-6979	31	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	31	12	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	31	13	the	the	DET
easat-6979	31	14	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	31	15	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	31	16	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	31	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	32	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-6979	32	2	many	many	ADJ
easat-6979	32	3	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	32	4	concepts	concept	NOUN
easat-6979	32	5	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	32	6	aligned	align	VERB
easat-6979	32	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	32	8	variations	variation	NOUN
easat-6979	32	9	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	32	10	public	public	ADJ
easat-6979	32	11	order	order	NOUN
easat-6979	32	12	measures	measure	NOUN
easat-6979	32	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	32	14	security	security	NOUN
easat-6979	32	15	protocols	protocol	NOUN
easat-6979	32	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	32	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	32	18	health	health	NOUN
easat-6979	32	19	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	32	20	can	can	AUX
easat-6979	32	21	disrupt	disrupt	VERB
easat-6979	32	22	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	32	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	33	1	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	33	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-6979	33	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	33	4	the	the	DET
easat-6979	33	5	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	33	6	-	-	PROPN
easat-6979	33	7	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	33	8	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	33	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	33	10	a	a	DET
easat-6979	33	11	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-6979	33	12	segment	segment	NOUN
easat-6979	33	13	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	33	14	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	33	15	's	's	PART
easat-6979	33	16	belt	belt	NOUN
easat-6979	33	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	33	18	road	road	NOUN
easat-6979	33	19	initiative	initiative	NOUN
easat-6979	33	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	33	21	bri	bri	NOUN
easat-6979	33	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	34	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	34	2	7	7	NUM
easat-6979	34	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	34	4	8	8	NUM
easat-6979	34	5	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	34	6	highlights	highlight	VERB
easat-6979	34	7	the	the	DET
easat-6979	34	8	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-6979	34	9	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	34	10	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
easat-6979	34	11	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	34	12	but	but	CCONJ
easat-6979	34	13	also	also	ADV
easat-6979	34	14	underscores	underscore	VERB
easat-6979	34	15	the	the	DET
easat-6979	34	16	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-6979	34	17	posed	pose	VERB
easat-6979	34	18	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	34	19	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
easat-6979	34	20	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	34	21	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	34	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	35	1	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	35	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	35	3	increased	increase	VERB
easat-6979	35	4	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	35	5	stemming	stem	VERB
easat-6979	35	6	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	35	7	these	these	DET
easat-6979	35	8	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	35	9	affect	affect	VERB
easat-6979	35	10	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	35	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	35	12	impede	impede	VERB
easat-6979	35	13	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	35	14	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	35	15	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-6979	35	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	36	1	addressing	address	VERB
easat-6979	36	2	these	these	DET
easat-6979	36	3	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-6979	36	4	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	36	5	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-6979	36	6	to	to	PART
easat-6979	36	7	fully	fully	ADV
easat-6979	36	8	leverage	leverage	VERB
easat-6979	36	9	the	the	DET
easat-6979	36	10	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	36	11	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-6979	36	12	offered	offer	VERB
easat-6979	36	13	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	36	14	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	36	15	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	36	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	37	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	37	2	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	37	3	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	37	4	procedure	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	37	5	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	37	6	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	37	7	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	37	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	37	9	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	37	10	exemplifies	exemplify	VERB
easat-6979	37	11	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	37	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	37	13	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	37	14	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	37	15	concerning	concern	VERB
easat-6979	37	16	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	37	17	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	37	18	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	37	19	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	37	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	37	21	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-6979	37	22	1	1	NUM
easat-6979	37	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	37	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	38	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	38	2	boten	boten	PROPN
easat-6979	38	3	–	–	PUNCT
easat-6979	38	4	vientiane	vientiane	NOUN
easat-6979	38	5	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	38	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	38	7	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	38	8	-	-	PROPN
easat-6979	38	9	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	38	10	railway	railway	PROPN
easat-6979	38	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	38	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	38	13	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	38	14	a	a	DET
easat-6979	38	15	length	length	NOUN
easat-6979	38	16	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	38	17	422	422	NUM
easat-6979	38	18	km	km	NOUN
easat-6979	38	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	38	20	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	38	21	an	an	DET
easat-6979	38	22	important	important	ADJ
easat-6979	38	23	part	part	NOUN
easat-6979	38	24	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	38	25	the	the	DET
easat-6979	38	26	six	six	NUM
easat-6979	38	27	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	38	28	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	38	29	corridors	corridor	NOUN
easat-6979	38	30	under	under	ADP
easat-6979	38	31	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	38	32	's	's	PART
easat-6979	38	33	belt	belt	NOUN
easat-6979	38	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	38	35	road	road	NOUN
easat-6979	38	36	initiative	initiative	NOUN
easat-6979	38	37	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	38	38	bri	bri	NOUN
easat-6979	38	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	39	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	39	2	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	39	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	39	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	40	1	although	although	SCONJ
easat-6979	40	2	there	there	PRON
easat-6979	40	3	is	be	VERB
easat-6979	40	4	a	a	DET
easat-6979	40	5	high	high	ADJ
easat-6979	40	6	degree	degree	NOUN
easat-6979	40	7	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	40	8	alignment	alignment	NOUN
easat-6979	40	9	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	40	10	the	the	DET
easat-6979	40	11	general	general	ADJ
easat-6979	40	12	goals	goal	NOUN
easat-6979	40	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	40	14	there	there	PRON
easat-6979	40	15	is	be	VERB
easat-6979	40	16	still	still	ADV
easat-6979	40	17	a	a	DET
easat-6979	40	18	divergence	divergence	NOUN
easat-6979	40	19	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	40	20	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-6979	40	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	40	22	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	40	23	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	40	24	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-6979	40	25	areas	area	NOUN
easat-6979	40	26	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	40	27	public	public	ADJ
easat-6979	40	28	order	order	NOUN
easat-6979	40	29	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
easat-6979	40	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	40	31	safety	safety	NOUN
easat-6979	40	32	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	40	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	40	34	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-6979	40	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	40	36	traffic	traffic	NOUN
easat-6979	40	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	40	38	train	train	NOUN
easat-6979	40	39	safety	safety	NOUN
easat-6979	40	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	40	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	40	42	public	public	ADJ
easat-6979	40	43	health	health	NOUN
easat-6979	40	44	administration	administration	NOUN
easat-6979	40	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	41	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	41	2	divergence	divergence	NOUN
easat-6979	41	3	may	may	AUX
easat-6979	41	4	severely	severely	ADV
easat-6979	41	5	restrict	restrict	VERB
easat-6979	41	6	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	41	7	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	41	8	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	41	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	42	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	42	2	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	42	3	-	-	PROPN
easat-6979	42	4	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	42	5	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	42	6	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	42	7	a	a	DET
easat-6979	42	8	flagship	flagship	NOUN
easat-6979	42	9	development	development	NOUN
easat-6979	42	10	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	42	11	the	the	DET
easat-6979	42	12	bri	bri	NOUN
easat-6979	42	13	[	[	X
easat-6979	42	14	7	7	NUM
easat-6979	42	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	42	16	8	8	NUM
easat-6979	42	17	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	42	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	43	1	it	it	PRON
easat-6979	43	2	highlights	highlight	VERB
easat-6979	43	3	the	the	DET
easat-6979	43	4	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-6979	43	5	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	43	6	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-6979	43	7	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	43	8	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	43	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	43	10	the	the	DET
easat-6979	43	11	risks	risk	NOUN
easat-6979	43	12	posed	pose	VERB
easat-6979	43	13	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	43	14	non	non	ADJ
easat-6979	43	15	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	43	16	unified	unified	ADJ
easat-6979	43	17	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	43	18	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	43	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	44	1	differences	difference	NOUN
easat-6979	44	2	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	44	3	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	44	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	44	5	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	44	6	modalities	modality	NOUN
easat-6979	44	7	governing	govern	VERB
easat-6979	44	8	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	44	9	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	44	10	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	44	11	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	44	12	services	service	NOUN
easat-6979	44	13	often	often	ADV
easat-6979	44	14	cause	cause	VERB
easat-6979	44	15	lengthy	lengthy	ADJ
easat-6979	44	16	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	44	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	44	18	increase	increase	VERB
easat-6979	44	19	the	the	DET
easat-6979	44	20	cost	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	44	21	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	44	22	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	44	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	44	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	44	25	erode	erode	VERB
easat-6979	44	26	the	the	DET
easat-6979	44	27	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	44	28	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-6979	44	29	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	44	30	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	44	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	45	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	45	2	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	45	3	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-6979	45	4	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	45	5	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	45	6	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	45	7	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	45	8	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	45	9	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-6979	45	10	can	can	AUX
easat-6979	45	11	not	not	PART
easat-6979	45	12	be	be	AUX
easat-6979	45	13	fully	fully	ADV
easat-6979	45	14	realized	realize	VERB
easat-6979	45	15	until	until	SCONJ
easat-6979	45	16	systemic	systemic	ADJ
easat-6979	45	17	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-6979	45	18	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	45	19	addressed	address	VERB
easat-6979	45	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	45	21	a	a	DET
easat-6979	45	22	harmonized	harmonized	ADJ
easat-6979	45	23	procedure	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	45	24	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	45	25	adopted	adopt	VERB
easat-6979	45	26	643	643	NUM
easat-6979	45	27	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	45	28	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	45	29	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	45	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	45	31	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	45	32	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	45	33	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	45	34	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	45	35	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	45	36	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	45	37	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	45	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	46	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	46	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	46	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	46	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	46	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	46	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	46	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	46	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	46	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	46	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	46	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	46	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	46	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	46	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	46	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	46	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	46	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	46	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	46	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	46	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	46	22	learning	learn	VERB
easat-6979	46	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	46	24	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-6979	46	25	1	1	NUM
easat-6979	46	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	47	1	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	47	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	47	3	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	47	4	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	47	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	47	6	the	the	DET
easat-6979	47	7	boten	boten	PROPN
easat-6979	47	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	47	9	vientiane	vientiane	NOUN
easat-6979	47	10	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	47	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	47	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	48	1	source	source	NOUN
easat-6979	48	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	49	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	49	2	8	8	NUM
easat-6979	49	3	]	]	SYM
easat-6979	49	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	50	1	2	2	X
easat-6979	50	2	.	.	X
easat-6979	50	3	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-6979	50	4	review	review	VERB
easat-6979	50	5	2.1	2.1	NUM
easat-6979	50	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	51	1	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	51	2	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	51	3	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	51	4	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	51	5	the	the	DET
easat-6979	51	6	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
easat-6979	51	7	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	51	8	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	51	9	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	51	10	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	51	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	51	12	afaafgit	afaafgit	ADV
easat-6979	51	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	51	14	afafgit	afafgit	ADJ
easat-6979	51	15	underpins	underpin	VERB
easat-6979	51	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	51	17	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	51	18	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	51	19	community	community	NOUN
easat-6979	51	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	51	21	aec	aec	PROPN
easat-6979	51	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	51	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	51	24	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-6979	51	25	the	the	DET
easat-6979	51	26	free	free	ADJ
easat-6979	51	27	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-6979	51	28	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	51	29	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	51	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	51	31	services	service	NOUN
easat-6979	51	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	51	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	51	34	investments	investment	NOUN
easat-6979	51	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	52	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	52	2	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	52	3	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	52	4	instrumental	instrumental	ADJ
easat-6979	52	5	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	52	6	achieving	achieve	VERB
easat-6979	52	7	a	a	DET
easat-6979	52	8	harmonized	harmonized	ADJ
easat-6979	52	9	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	52	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	52	11	644	644	NUM
easat-6979	52	12	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	52	13	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	52	14	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	52	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	52	16	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	52	17	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	52	18	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	52	19	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	52	20	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	52	21	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	52	22	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	52	23	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	53	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	53	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	53	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	53	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	53	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	53	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	53	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	53	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	53	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	53	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	53	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	53	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	53	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	53	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	53	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	53	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	53	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	53	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	53	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	53	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	53	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	53	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-6979	53	23	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-6979	53	24	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	53	25	environment	environment	PROPN
easat-6979	53	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	54	1	signed	sign	VERB
easat-6979	54	2	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	54	3	ha	ha	INTJ
easat-6979	54	4	noi	noi	PROPN
easat-6979	54	5	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	54	6	1998	1998	NUM
easat-6979	54	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	54	8	afafgit	afafgit	ADJ
easat-6979	54	9	established	establish	VERB
easat-6979	54	10	nine	nine	NUM
easat-6979	54	11	high	high	ADJ
easat-6979	54	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	54	13	level	level	NOUN
easat-6979	54	14	protocols	protocol	NOUN
easat-6979	54	15	to	to	PART
easat-6979	54	16	create	create	VERB
easat-6979	54	17	an	an	DET
easat-6979	54	18	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-6979	54	19	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	54	20	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	54	21	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	54	22	[	[	X
easat-6979	54	23	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	54	24	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	54	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	55	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
easat-6979	55	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	56	1	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	56	2	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	56	3	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	56	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	56	5	asw	asw	PROPN
easat-6979	56	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	56	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	56	8	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	56	9	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	56	10	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	56	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	56	12	nsw	nsw	PROPN
easat-6979	56	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	56	14	the	the	DET
easat-6979	56	15	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	56	16	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	56	17	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	56	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	56	19	asw	asw	PROPN
easat-6979	56	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	56	21	initiative	initiative	NOUN
easat-6979	56	22	offers	offer	VERB
easat-6979	56	23	a	a	DET
easat-6979	56	24	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	56	25	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	56	26	the	the	DET
easat-6979	56	27	simplification	simplification	NOUN
easat-6979	56	28	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	56	29	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	56	30	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	56	31	through	through	ADP
easat-6979	56	32	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
easat-6979	56	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	56	34	expeditious	expeditious	ADJ
easat-6979	56	35	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-6979	56	36	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	56	37	interchange	interchange	NOUN
easat-6979	56	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	56	39	edi	edi	PROPN
easat-6979	56	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	56	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	56	42	aligned	aligned	ADJ
easat-6979	56	43	standards	standard	NOUN
easat-6979	56	44	[	[	X
easat-6979	56	45	10	10	NUM
easat-6979	56	46	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	56	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	57	2	initiative	initiative	NOUN
easat-6979	57	3	aims	aim	VERB
easat-6979	57	4	to	to	AUX
easat-6979	57	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	6	1	1	X
easat-6979	57	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	8	provide	provide	VERB
easat-6979	57	9	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	57	10	submission	submission	NOUN
easat-6979	57	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	57	12	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-6979	57	13	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	57	14	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	57	15	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	57	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	18	2	2	X
easat-6979	57	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	20	promote	promote	VERB
easat-6979	57	21	'	'	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	22	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
easat-6979	57	23	or	or	CCONJ
easat-6979	57	24	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-6979	57	25	management	management	NOUN
easat-6979	57	26	'	'	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	27	along	along	ADP
easat-6979	57	28	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	57	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	57	30	among	among	ADP
easat-6979	57	31	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	57	32	administrations	administration	NOUN
easat-6979	57	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	57	34	related	related	ADJ
easat-6979	57	35	government	government	NOUN
easat-6979	57	36	agencies	agency	NOUN
easat-6979	57	37	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	57	39	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	40	3	3	X
easat-6979	57	41	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	42	integrate	integrate	VERB
easat-6979	57	43	asw	asw	PROPN
easat-6979	57	44	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	57	45	linking	link	VERB
easat-6979	57	46	nsws	nsws	ADJ
easat-6979	57	47	member	member	NOUN
easat-6979	57	48	states	state	NOUN
easat-6979	57	49	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	57	50	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	57	51	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	57	52	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	57	53	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	57	54	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	57	55	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	57	56	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	58	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	58	2	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	58	3	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	58	4	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	58	5	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
easat-6979	58	6	seamless	seamless	ADJ
easat-6979	58	7	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	58	8	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	58	9	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	58	10	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-6979	58	11	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	58	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	58	13	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-6979	58	14	transparency	transparency	NOUN
easat-6979	58	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	58	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	58	17	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-6979	58	18	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-6979	58	19	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-6979	58	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	58	21	making	making	NOUN
easat-6979	58	22	[	[	X
easat-6979	58	23	11	11	NUM
easat-6979	58	24	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	58	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	59	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	59	2	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	59	3	’s	’s	PART
easat-6979	59	4	geographical	geographical	ADJ
easat-6979	59	5	coverage	coverage	NOUN
easat-6979	59	6	spans	span	VERB
easat-6979	59	7	all	all	DET
easat-6979	59	8	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	59	9	member	member	NOUN
easat-6979	59	10	states	state	NOUN
easat-6979	59	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	59	12	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	59	13	a	a	DET
easat-6979	59	14	unified	unified	ADJ
easat-6979	59	15	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-6979	59	16	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	59	17	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	59	18	processes	process	NOUN
easat-6979	59	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	60	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	60	2	asw	asw	PROPN
easat-6979	60	3	fosters	foster	VERB
easat-6979	60	4	stronger	strong	ADJ
easat-6979	60	5	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-6979	60	6	among	among	ADP
easat-6979	60	7	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
easat-6979	60	8	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	60	9	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-6979	60	10	interoperability	interoperability	NOUN
easat-6979	60	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	60	12	consistency	consistency	NOUN
easat-6979	60	13	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	60	14	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	60	15	exchange	exchange	NOUN
easat-6979	60	16	while	while	SCONJ
easat-6979	60	17	aligning	align	VERB
easat-6979	60	18	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	60	19	global	global	ADJ
easat-6979	60	20	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	60	21	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
easat-6979	60	22	standards	standard	NOUN
easat-6979	60	23	[	[	X
easat-6979	60	24	12	12	NUM
easat-6979	60	25	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	60	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	61	1	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
easat-6979	61	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	61	3	the	the	DET
easat-6979	61	4	asw	asw	PROPN
easat-6979	61	5	contributes	contribute	VERB
easat-6979	61	6	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	61	7	the	the	DET
easat-6979	61	8	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	61	9	economic	economic	PROPN
easat-6979	61	10	community	community	NOUN
easat-6979	61	11	's	's	PART
easat-6979	61	12	broader	broad	ADJ
easat-6979	61	13	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	61	14	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	61	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	61	16	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	61	17	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-6979	61	18	goals	goal	NOUN
easat-6979	61	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	62	1	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	62	2	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
easat-6979	62	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	62	4	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	62	5	redundancies	redundancy	NOUN
easat-6979	62	6	must	must	AUX
easat-6979	62	7	be	be	AUX
easat-6979	62	8	addressed	address	VERB
easat-6979	62	9	for	for	SCONJ
easat-6979	62	10	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	62	11	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	62	12	to	to	PART
easat-6979	62	13	be	be	AUX
easat-6979	62	14	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-6979	62	15	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	62	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	62	17	two	two	NUM
easat-6979	62	18	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	62	19	[	[	X
easat-6979	62	20	13	13	NUM
easat-6979	62	21	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	62	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	63	1	concerns	concern	NOUN
easat-6979	63	2	about	about	ADP
easat-6979	63	3	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
easat-6979	63	4	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	63	5	laws	law	NOUN
easat-6979	63	6	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	63	7	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	63	8	laws	law	NOUN
easat-6979	63	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	63	10	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	63	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	63	12	non	non	ADJ
easat-6979	63	13	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	63	14	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-6979	63	15	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	63	16	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	63	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	63	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	63	19	a	a	DET
easat-6979	63	20	lack	lack	NOUN
easat-6979	63	21	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	63	22	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-6979	63	23	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	63	24	the	the	DET
easat-6979	63	25	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
easat-6979	63	26	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	63	27	existing	exist	VERB
easat-6979	63	28	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	63	29	have	have	AUX
easat-6979	63	30	been	be	AUX
easat-6979	63	31	raised	raise	VERB
easat-6979	63	32	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	63	33	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	63	34	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	63	35	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	63	36	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	63	37	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	63	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	64	1	these	these	DET
easat-6979	64	2	weaknesses	weakness	NOUN
easat-6979	64	3	result	result	VERB
easat-6979	64	4	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	64	5	expensive	expensive	ADJ
easat-6979	64	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	64	7	timely	timely	ADJ
easat-6979	64	8	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	64	9	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	64	10	cargo	cargo	NOUN
easat-6979	64	11	moving	move	VERB
easat-6979	64	12	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	64	13	borders	border	NOUN
easat-6979	64	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	65	1	harmonizing	harmonize	VERB
easat-6979	65	2	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	65	3	laws	law	NOUN
easat-6979	65	4	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	65	5	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	65	6	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	65	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	65	8	accommodating	accommodate	VERB
easat-6979	65	9	agreed	agree	VERB
easat-6979	65	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	65	11	upon	upon	NOUN
easat-6979	65	12	norms	norm	NOUN
easat-6979	65	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	65	14	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	65	15	could	could	AUX
easat-6979	65	16	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-6979	65	17	the	the	DET
easat-6979	65	18	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	65	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	65	20	well	well	ADV
easat-6979	65	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	65	22	being	being	NOUN
easat-6979	65	23	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	65	24	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
easat-6979	65	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	65	26	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	65	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	65	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	65	29	other	other	ADJ
easat-6979	65	30	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	65	31	member	member	NOUN
easat-6979	65	32	states	state	NOUN
easat-6979	65	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	66	1	2.3	2.3	NUM
easat-6979	66	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	66	3	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	66	4	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-6979	66	5	examine	examine	VERB
easat-6979	66	6	the	the	DET
easat-6979	66	7	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	66	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	66	9	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	66	10	governing	govern	VERB
easat-6979	66	11	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	66	12	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	66	13	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	66	14	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	66	15	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	66	16	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	66	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	66	18	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	66	19	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	66	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	66	21	to	to	PART
easat-6979	66	22	identify	identify	VERB
easat-6979	66	23	legislative	legislative	ADJ
easat-6979	66	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	66	25	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-6979	66	26	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	66	27	causing	cause	VERB
easat-6979	66	28	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	66	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	66	30	increased	increase	VERB
easat-6979	66	31	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	66	32	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	66	33	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	66	34	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	66	35	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	66	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	67	1	to	to	PART
easat-6979	67	2	propose	propose	VERB
easat-6979	67	3	a	a	DET
easat-6979	67	4	streamlined	streamlined	ADJ
easat-6979	67	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	67	6	transparent	transparent	ADJ
easat-6979	67	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	67	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	67	9	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-6979	67	10	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	67	11	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	67	12	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	67	13	that	that	PRON
easat-6979	67	14	balances	balance	VERB
easat-6979	67	15	security	security	NOUN
easat-6979	67	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	67	17	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN
easat-6979	67	18	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	67	19	both	both	DET
easat-6979	67	20	nations	nation	NOUN
easat-6979	67	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	68	1	2.4	2.4	NUM
easat-6979	68	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	68	3	scope	scope	NOUN
easat-6979	68	4	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	68	5	the	the	DET
easat-6979	68	6	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	68	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	68	8	expected	expect	VERB
easat-6979	68	9	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-6979	68	10	the	the	DET
easat-6979	68	11	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	68	12	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	68	13	based	base	VERB
easat-6979	68	14	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	68	15	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	68	16	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	68	17	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	68	18	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	68	19	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	68	20	afafgit	afafgit	ADJ
easat-6979	68	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	68	22	the	the	DET
easat-6979	68	23	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	68	24	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	68	25	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	68	26	which	which	PRON
easat-6979	68	27	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	68	28	designed	design	VERB
easat-6979	68	29	to	to	PART
easat-6979	68	30	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-6979	68	31	the	the	DET
easat-6979	68	32	processes	process	NOUN
easat-6979	68	33	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	68	34	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	68	35	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	68	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	69	1	it	it	PRON
easat-6979	69	2	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	69	3	also	also	ADV
easat-6979	69	4	based	base	VERB
easat-6979	69	5	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	69	6	domestic	domestic	ADJ
easat-6979	69	7	thai	thai	ADJ
easat-6979	69	8	laws	law	NOUN
easat-6979	69	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	69	10	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	69	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	69	12	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	69	13	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	69	14	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	69	15	's	's	PART
easat-6979	69	16	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	69	17	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	69	18	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	69	19	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	69	20	2560	2560	NUM
easat-6979	69	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	69	22	2017	2017	NUM
easat-6979	69	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	69	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	69	25	other	other	ADJ
easat-6979	69	26	related	related	ADJ
easat-6979	69	27	notifications	notification	NOUN
easat-6979	69	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	69	29	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	69	30	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	69	31	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	69	32	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	69	33	's	's	PART
easat-6979	69	34	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	69	35	law	law	NOUN
easat-6979	69	36	no	no	NOUN
easat-6979	69	37	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	69	38	81	81	NUM
easat-6979	69	39	/	/	SYM
easat-6979	69	40	spc	spc	PROPN
easat-6979	69	41	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	69	42	2020	2020	NUM
easat-6979	69	43	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	69	44	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	69	45	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	69	46	law	law	NOUN
easat-6979	69	47	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	69	48	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	70	1	62	62	NUM
easat-6979	70	2	/	/	SYM
easat-6979	70	3	spc	spc	PROPN
easat-6979	70	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	70	5	2018	2018	NUM
easat-6979	70	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	70	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	71	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	71	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	71	3	has	have	VERB
easat-6979	71	4	three	three	NUM
easat-6979	71	5	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-6979	71	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	71	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	71	8	1	1	X
easat-6979	71	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	71	10	to	to	PART
easat-6979	71	11	propose	propose	VERB
easat-6979	71	12	a	a	DET
easat-6979	71	13	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-6979	71	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	71	15	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-6979	71	16	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	71	17	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	71	18	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	71	19	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	71	20	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	71	21	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	71	22	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	71	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	71	24	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	71	25	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	71	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	71	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	71	28	2	2	NUM
easat-6979	71	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	71	30	to	to	PART
easat-6979	71	31	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
easat-6979	71	32	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	71	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	71	34	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	71	35	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-6979	71	36	that	that	PRON
easat-6979	71	37	create	create	VERB
easat-6979	71	38	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-6979	71	39	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	71	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	71	41	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	71	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	71	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	71	44	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	71	45	3	3	X
easat-6979	71	46	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	71	47	to	to	PART
easat-6979	71	48	improve	improve	VERB
easat-6979	71	49	the	the	DET
easat-6979	71	50	linkage	linkage	NOUN
easat-6979	71	51	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	71	52	regions	region	NOUN
easat-6979	71	53	whilst	whilst	SCONJ
easat-6979	71	54	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	71	55	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	71	56	security	security	NOUN
easat-6979	71	57	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	71	58	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN
easat-6979	71	59	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	72	1	2.5	2.5	NUM
easat-6979	72	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	73	1	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
easat-6979	73	2	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	73	3	concerning	concern	VERB
easat-6979	73	4	the	the	DET
easat-6979	73	5	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	73	6	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	73	7	connecting	connect	VERB
easat-6979	73	8	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	73	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	73	10	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	73	11	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	73	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	73	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	73	14	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	73	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	73	16	this	this	DET
easat-6979	73	17	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	73	18	paper	paper	NOUN
easat-6979	73	19	examines	examine	VERB
easat-6979	73	20	the	the	DET
easat-6979	73	21	intricacy	intricacy	NOUN
easat-6979	73	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	73	23	duplication	duplication	NOUN
easat-6979	73	24	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	73	25	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	73	26	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	73	27	along	along	ADP
easat-6979	73	28	railways	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	73	29	due	due	ADP
easat-6979	73	30	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	73	31	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	73	32	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	73	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	73	34	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	73	35	laws	law	NOUN
easat-6979	73	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	73	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	73	38	real	real	ADJ
easat-6979	73	39	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	73	40	world	world	NOUN
easat-6979	73	41	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-6979	73	42	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	73	43	transporting	transport	VERB
easat-6979	73	44	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	73	45	across	across	ADP
easat-6979	73	46	railroad	railroad	NOUN
easat-6979	73	47	borders	border	NOUN
easat-6979	73	48	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	73	49	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	73	50	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	73	51	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	73	52	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	73	53	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	73	54	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-6979	73	55	2	2	NUM
easat-6979	73	56	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	73	57	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	74	1	645	645	NUM
easat-6979	74	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	74	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	74	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	74	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	74	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	74	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	74	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	74	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	74	10	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	74	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	74	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	74	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	75	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	75	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	75	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	75	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	75	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	75	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	75	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	75	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	75	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	75	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	75	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	75	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	75	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	75	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	75	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	75	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	75	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	75	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	75	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	75	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	75	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	75	22	learning	learn	VERB
easat-6979	75	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	75	24	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-6979	75	25	1	1	NUM
easat-6979	75	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	76	1	a	a	DET
easat-6979	76	2	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
easat-6979	76	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-6979	76	4	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	76	5	streamlining	streamline	VERB
easat-6979	76	6	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	76	7	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	76	8	through	through	ADP
easat-6979	76	9	a	a	DET
easat-6979	76	10	common	common	ADJ
easat-6979	76	11	control	control	NOUN
easat-6979	76	12	area	area	NOUN
easat-6979	76	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	76	14	cca	cca	NOUN
easat-6979	76	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	76	16	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	76	17	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	76	18	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-6979	76	19	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	76	20	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-6979	76	21	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	76	22	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	76	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	76	24	the	the	DET
easat-6979	76	25	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	76	26	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	76	27	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	76	28	646	646	NUM
easat-6979	76	29	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	76	30	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	76	31	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	76	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	76	33	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	76	34	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	76	35	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	76	36	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	76	37	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	76	38	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	76	39	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	76	40	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	77	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	77	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	77	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	77	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	77	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	77	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	77	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	77	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	77	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	77	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	77	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	77	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	77	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	77	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	77	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	77	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	77	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	77	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	77	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	77	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	77	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	77	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-6979	77	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	77	24	3	3	NUM
easat-6979	77	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	78	1	methods	method	NOUN
easat-6979	78	2	this	this	DET
easat-6979	78	3	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	78	4	employs	employ	VERB
easat-6979	78	5	documentary	documentary	NOUN
easat-6979	78	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	78	7	field	field	NOUN
easat-6979	78	8	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	78	9	to	to	PART
easat-6979	78	10	comprehensively	comprehensively	ADV
easat-6979	78	11	analyze	analyze	VERB
easat-6979	78	12	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	78	13	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	78	14	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	78	15	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	78	16	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	78	17	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	78	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	79	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	79	2	methodological	methodological	ADJ
easat-6979	79	3	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-6979	79	4	includes	include	VERB
easat-6979	79	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	79	6	3.1	3.1	NUM
easat-6979	79	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	79	8	population	population	NOUN
easat-6979	79	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	79	10	target	target	NOUN
easat-6979	79	11	groups	group	NOUN
easat-6979	79	12	this	this	DET
easat-6979	79	13	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	79	14	engaged	engage	VERB
easat-6979	79	15	three	three	NUM
easat-6979	79	16	main	main	ADJ
easat-6979	79	17	groups	group	NOUN
easat-6979	79	18	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	79	19	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
easat-6979	79	20	to	to	PART
easat-6979	79	21	gather	gather	VERB
easat-6979	79	22	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-6979	79	23	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-6979	79	24	into	into	ADP
easat-6979	79	25	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	79	26	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	79	27	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	79	28	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	79	29	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	79	30	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	79	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	79	32	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	79	33	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	79	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	80	1	these	these	DET
easat-6979	80	2	groups	group	NOUN
easat-6979	80	3	were	be	AUX
easat-6979	80	4	selected	select	VERB
easat-6979	80	5	based	base	VERB
easat-6979	80	6	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	80	7	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-6979	80	8	criteria	criterion	NOUN
easat-6979	80	9	to	to	PART
easat-6979	80	10	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	80	11	the	the	DET
easat-6979	80	12	relevance	relevance	NOUN
easat-6979	80	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	80	14	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-6979	80	15	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	80	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	80	17	information	information	NOUN
easat-6979	80	18	collected	collect	VERB
easat-6979	80	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	81	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	81	2	first	first	ADJ
easat-6979	81	3	group	group	NOUN
easat-6979	81	4	consisted	consist	VERB
easat-6979	81	5	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	81	6	business	business	NOUN
easat-6979	81	7	entities	entity	NOUN
easat-6979	81	8	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	81	9	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	81	10	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	81	11	transportation	transportation	NOUN
easat-6979	81	12	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	81	13	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	81	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	81	15	internationally	internationally	ADV
easat-6979	81	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	82	1	this	this	PRON
easat-6979	82	2	included	include	VERB
easat-6979	82	3	five	five	NUM
easat-6979	82	4	thai	thai	ADJ
easat-6979	82	5	businesses	business	NOUN
easat-6979	82	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	82	7	three	three	NUM
easat-6979	82	8	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	82	9	businesses	business	NOUN
easat-6979	82	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	82	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	82	12	two	two	NUM
easat-6979	82	13	chinese	chinese	ADJ
easat-6979	82	14	businesses	business	NOUN
easat-6979	82	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	82	16	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	82	17	ten	ten	NUM
easat-6979	82	18	informants	informant	NOUN
easat-6979	82	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	83	1	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-6979	83	2	were	be	AUX
easat-6979	83	3	chosen	choose	VERB
easat-6979	83	4	based	base	VERB
easat-6979	83	5	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	83	6	at	at	ADV
easat-6979	83	7	least	least	ADV
easat-6979	83	8	three	three	NUM
easat-6979	83	9	years	year	NOUN
easat-6979	83	10	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	83	11	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-6979	83	12	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-6979	83	13	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	83	14	the	the	DET
easat-6979	83	15	field	field	NOUN
easat-6979	83	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	83	17	were	be	AUX
easat-6979	83	18	under	under	ADP
easat-6979	83	19	60	60	NUM
easat-6979	83	20	years	year	NOUN
easat-6979	83	21	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	83	22	age	age	NOUN
easat-6979	83	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	83	24	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	83	25	their	their	PRON
easat-6979	83	26	familiarity	familiarity	NOUN
easat-6979	83	27	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	83	28	current	current	ADJ
easat-6979	83	29	industry	industry	NOUN
easat-6979	83	30	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-6979	83	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	84	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	84	2	second	second	ADJ
easat-6979	84	3	group	group	NOUN
easat-6979	84	4	comprised	comprise	VERB
easat-6979	84	5	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	84	6	officers	officer	NOUN
easat-6979	84	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	84	8	government	government	NOUN
easat-6979	84	9	officials	official	NOUN
easat-6979	84	10	administrating	administrate	VERB
easat-6979	84	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	84	12	overseeing	oversee	VERB
easat-6979	84	13	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	84	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	84	15	based	base	VERB
easat-6979	84	16	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	84	17	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	84	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	85	1	this	this	PRON
easat-6979	85	2	included	include	VERB
easat-6979	85	3	five	five	NUM
easat-6979	85	4	informants	informant	NOUN
easat-6979	85	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	85	6	two	two	NUM
easat-6979	85	7	officers	officer	NOUN
easat-6979	85	8	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	85	9	the	the	DET
easat-6979	85	10	nong	nong	PROPN
easat-6979	85	11	khai	khai	PROPN
easat-6979	85	12	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	85	13	office	office	PROPN
easat-6979	85	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	85	15	two	two	NUM
easat-6979	85	16	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	85	17	thai	thai	PROPN
easat-6979	85	18	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	85	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	85	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	85	21	one	one	NUM
easat-6979	85	22	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	85	23	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	85	24	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	85	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	86	1	like	like	ADP
easat-6979	86	2	the	the	DET
easat-6979	86	3	first	first	ADJ
easat-6979	86	4	group	group	NOUN
easat-6979	86	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	86	6	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-6979	86	7	were	be	AUX
easat-6979	86	8	selected	select	VERB
easat-6979	86	9	based	base	VERB
easat-6979	86	10	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	86	11	their	their	PRON
easat-6979	86	12	extensive	extensive	ADJ
easat-6979	86	13	experience	experience	NOUN
easat-6979	86	14	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	86	15	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	86	16	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	86	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	87	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	87	2	third	third	ADJ
easat-6979	87	3	group	group	NOUN
easat-6979	87	4	included	include	VERB
easat-6979	87	5	representatives	representative	NOUN
easat-6979	87	6	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	87	7	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-6979	87	8	government	government	NOUN
easat-6979	87	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	87	10	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	87	11	organizations	organization	NOUN
easat-6979	87	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	88	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	88	2	group	group	NOUN
easat-6979	88	3	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	88	4	ten	ten	NUM
easat-6979	88	5	informants	informant	NOUN
easat-6979	88	6	represented	represent	VERB
easat-6979	88	7	entities	entity	NOUN
easat-6979	88	8	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	88	9	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	88	10	the	the	DET
easat-6979	88	11	department	department	NOUN
easat-6979	88	12	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	88	13	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	88	14	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	88	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	88	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	88	17	department	department	NOUN
easat-6979	88	18	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	88	19	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-6979	88	20	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	88	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	88	22	the	the	DET
easat-6979	88	23	nong	nong	PROPN
easat-6979	88	24	khai	khai	PROPN
easat-6979	88	25	chamber	chamber	PROPN
easat-6979	88	26	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	88	27	commerce	commerce	PROPN
easat-6979	88	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	88	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	88	30	the	the	DET
easat-6979	88	31	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	88	32	consul	consul	NOUN
easat-6979	88	33	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	88	34	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	88	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	88	36	among	among	ADP
easat-6979	88	37	others	other	NOUN
easat-6979	88	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	89	1	an	an	DET
easat-6979	89	2	academic	academic	ADJ
easat-6979	89	3	specializing	specialize	VERB
easat-6979	89	4	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	89	5	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	89	6	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	89	7	was	be	AUX
easat-6979	89	8	also	also	ADV
easat-6979	89	9	included	include	VERB
easat-6979	89	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	90	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	90	2	selection	selection	NOUN
easat-6979	90	3	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
easat-6979	90	4	individuals	individual	NOUN
easat-6979	90	5	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	90	6	expertise	expertise	NOUN
easat-6979	90	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	90	8	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-6979	90	9	involvement	involvement	NOUN
easat-6979	90	10	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	90	11	managing	manage	VERB
easat-6979	90	12	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	90	13	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	90	14	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	90	15	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	90	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	91	1	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	91	2	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-6979	91	3	these	these	DET
easat-6979	91	4	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-6979	91	5	groups	group	NOUN
easat-6979	91	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	91	7	the	the	DET
easat-6979	91	8	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	91	9	ensured	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	91	10	a	a	DET
easat-6979	91	11	well	well	ADV
easat-6979	91	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	91	13	rounded	round	VERB
easat-6979	91	14	perspective	perspective	NOUN
easat-6979	91	15	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	91	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	91	17	complexities	complexity	NOUN
easat-6979	91	18	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	91	19	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	91	20	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	91	21	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	91	22	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	91	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	91	24	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	91	25	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	91	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	91	27	contributing	contribute	VERB
easat-6979	91	28	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	91	29	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-6979	91	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	91	31	actionable	actionable	ADJ
easat-6979	91	32	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-6979	91	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	92	1	3.2	3.2	NUM
easat-6979	92	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	92	3	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	92	4	collection	collection	NOUN
easat-6979	92	5	this	this	DET
easat-6979	92	6	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	92	7	engaged	engage	VERB
easat-6979	92	8	three	three	NUM
easat-6979	92	9	main	main	ADJ
easat-6979	92	10	groups	group	NOUN
easat-6979	92	11	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	92	12	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
easat-6979	92	13	to	to	PART
easat-6979	92	14	gather	gather	VERB
easat-6979	92	15	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-6979	92	16	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-6979	92	17	into	into	ADP
easat-6979	92	18	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	92	19	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	92	20	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	92	21	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	92	22	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	92	23	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	92	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	92	25	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	92	26	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	92	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	93	1	these	these	DET
easat-6979	93	2	groups	group	NOUN
easat-6979	93	3	were	be	AUX
easat-6979	93	4	selected	select	VERB
easat-6979	93	5	based	base	VERB
easat-6979	93	6	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	93	7	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-6979	93	8	criteria	criterion	NOUN
easat-6979	93	9	to	to	PART
easat-6979	93	10	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	93	11	the	the	DET
easat-6979	93	12	relevance	relevance	NOUN
easat-6979	93	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	93	14	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-6979	93	15	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	93	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	93	17	information	information	NOUN
easat-6979	93	18	collected	collect	VERB
easat-6979	93	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	94	1	documentary	documentary	NOUN
easat-6979	94	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	94	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	94	4	a	a	DET
easat-6979	94	5	thorough	thorough	ADJ
easat-6979	94	6	review	review	NOUN
easat-6979	94	7	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	94	8	domestic	domestic	ADJ
easat-6979	94	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	94	10	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	94	11	documents	document	NOUN
easat-6979	94	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	94	13	including	include	VERB
easat-6979	94	14	books	book	NOUN
easat-6979	94	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	94	16	articles	article	NOUN
easat-6979	94	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	94	18	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-6979	94	19	papers	paper	NOUN
easat-6979	94	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	94	21	theses	thesis	NOUN
easat-6979	94	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	94	23	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	94	24	texts	text	NOUN
easat-6979	94	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	94	26	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	94	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	94	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	94	29	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-6979	94	30	media	medium	NOUN
easat-6979	94	31	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	94	32	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-6979	94	33	libraries	library	NOUN
easat-6979	94	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	94	35	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-6979	94	36	agencies	agency	NOUN
easat-6979	94	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	95	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	95	2	phase	phase	NOUN
easat-6979	95	3	focuses	focus	VERB
easat-6979	95	4	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	95	5	identifying	identify	VERB
easat-6979	95	6	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	95	7	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	95	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	95	9	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	95	10	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-6979	95	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	96	1	field	field	NOUN
easat-6979	96	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	96	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	96	4	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	96	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	96	6	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-6979	96	7	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	96	8	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	96	9	key	key	ADJ
easat-6979	96	10	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
easat-6979	96	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	96	12	including	include	VERB
easat-6979	96	13	business	business	NOUN
easat-6979	96	14	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	96	15	transporting	transport	VERB
easat-6979	96	16	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	96	17	across	across	ADP
easat-6979	96	18	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	96	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	96	20	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	96	21	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	96	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	96	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	96	24	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	96	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	96	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	96	27	government	government	NOUN
easat-6979	96	28	officials	official	NOUN
easat-6979	96	29	involved	involve	VERB
easat-6979	96	30	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	96	31	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	96	32	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	96	33	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	96	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	97	1	these	these	DET
easat-6979	97	2	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	97	3	aim	aim	VERB
easat-6979	97	4	to	to	PART
easat-6979	97	5	uncover	uncover	VERB
easat-6979	97	6	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-6979	97	7	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	97	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	97	9	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	97	10	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	97	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	98	1	3.3	3.3	NUM
easat-6979	98	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	99	1	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	99	2	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	99	3	the	the	DET
easat-6979	99	4	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	99	5	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-6979	99	6	was	be	AUX
easat-6979	99	7	designed	design	VERB
easat-6979	99	8	to	to	PART
easat-6979	99	9	collect	collect	VERB
easat-6979	99	10	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	99	11	across	across	ADP
easat-6979	99	12	three	three	NUM
easat-6979	99	13	primary	primary	ADJ
easat-6979	99	14	sections	section	NOUN
easat-6979	99	15	systematically	systematically	ADV
easat-6979	99	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	99	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	99	18	1	1	X
easat-6979	99	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	99	20	general	general	ADJ
easat-6979	99	21	information	information	NOUN
easat-6979	99	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	99	23	gathering	gather	VERB
easat-6979	99	24	demographic	demographic	ADJ
easat-6979	99	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	99	26	contextual	contextual	ADJ
easat-6979	99	27	background	background	NOUN
easat-6979	99	28	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	99	29	respondents	respondent	NOUN
easat-6979	99	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	100	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	100	2	2	2	X
easat-6979	100	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	100	4	agency	agency	NOUN
easat-6979	100	5	information	information	NOUN
easat-6979	100	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	100	7	identifying	identify	VERB
easat-6979	100	8	roles	role	NOUN
easat-6979	100	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	100	10	responsibilities	responsibility	NOUN
easat-6979	100	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	100	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	100	13	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-6979	100	14	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	100	15	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-6979	100	16	organizations	organization	NOUN
easat-6979	100	17	involved	involve	VERB
easat-6979	100	18	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	100	19	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	100	20	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	100	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	101	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	101	2	3	3	X
easat-6979	101	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	101	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	101	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	101	6	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
easat-6979	101	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	101	8	exploring	explore	VERB
easat-6979	101	9	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-6979	101	10	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	101	11	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	101	12	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	101	13	freight	freight	NOUN
easat-6979	101	14	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	101	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	101	16	including	include	VERB
easat-6979	101	17	redundant	redundant	ADJ
easat-6979	101	18	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	101	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	101	20	procedural	procedural	ADJ
easat-6979	101	21	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	101	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	101	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	101	24	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-6979	101	25	caused	cause	VERB
easat-6979	101	26	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	101	27	conflicting	conflict	VERB
easat-6979	101	28	laws	law	NOUN
easat-6979	101	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	102	1	key	key	ADJ
easat-6979	102	2	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	102	3	topics	topic	NOUN
easat-6979	102	4	focused	focus	VERB
easat-6979	102	5	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	102	6	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	102	7	complexities	complexity	NOUN
easat-6979	102	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	102	9	procedural	procedural	ADJ
easat-6979	102	10	redundancies	redundancy	NOUN
easat-6979	102	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	102	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	102	13	the	the	DET
easat-6979	102	14	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-6979	102	15	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-6979	102	16	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	102	17	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	102	18	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	102	19	—	—	PUNCT
easat-6979	102	20	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-6979	102	21	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	102	22	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	102	23	guided	guide	VERB
easat-6979	102	24	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	102	25	identifying	identify	VERB
easat-6979	102	26	actionable	actionable	ADJ
easat-6979	102	27	solutions	solution	NOUN
easat-6979	102	28	to	to	PART
easat-6979	102	29	improve	improve	VERB
easat-6979	102	30	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	102	31	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	102	32	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	102	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	103	1	647	647	NUM
easat-6979	103	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	103	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	103	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	103	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	103	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	103	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	103	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	103	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	103	10	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	103	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	103	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	103	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	104	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	104	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	104	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	104	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	104	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	104	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	104	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	104	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	104	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	104	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	104	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	104	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	104	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	104	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	104	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	104	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	104	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	104	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	104	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	104	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	104	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-6979	104	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	104	24	3.4	3.4	NUM
easat-6979	104	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	105	1	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	105	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-6979	105	3	this	this	DET
easat-6979	105	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	105	5	engaged	engage	VERB
easat-6979	105	6	three	three	NUM
easat-6979	105	7	main	main	ADJ
easat-6979	105	8	groups	group	NOUN
easat-6979	105	9	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	105	10	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
easat-6979	105	11	to	to	PART
easat-6979	105	12	gather	gather	VERB
easat-6979	105	13	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-6979	105	14	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-6979	105	15	into	into	ADP
easat-6979	105	16	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	105	17	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	105	18	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	105	19	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	105	20	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	105	21	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	105	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	105	23	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	105	24	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	105	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	106	1	these	these	DET
easat-6979	106	2	groups	group	NOUN
easat-6979	106	3	were	be	AUX
easat-6979	106	4	selected	select	VERB
easat-6979	106	5	based	base	VERB
easat-6979	106	6	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	106	7	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-6979	106	8	criteria	criterion	NOUN
easat-6979	106	9	to	to	PART
easat-6979	106	10	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	106	11	the	the	DET
easat-6979	106	12	relevance	relevance	NOUN
easat-6979	106	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	106	14	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-6979	106	15	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	106	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	106	17	information	information	NOUN
easat-6979	106	18	collected	collect	VERB
easat-6979	106	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	107	1	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	107	2	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	107	3	documentary	documentary	NOUN
easat-6979	107	4	reviews	review	NOUN
easat-6979	107	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	107	6	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	107	7	will	will	AUX
easat-6979	107	8	be	be	AUX
easat-6979	107	9	synthesized	synthesize	VERB
easat-6979	107	10	using	use	VERB
easat-6979	107	11	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
easat-6979	107	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	107	13	analytical	analytical	ADJ
easat-6979	107	14	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-6979	107	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	108	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	108	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-6979	108	3	aimed	aim	VERB
easat-6979	108	4	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	108	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	108	6	1	1	X
easat-6979	108	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	108	8	identify	identify	VERB
easat-6979	108	9	the	the	DET
easat-6979	108	10	root	root	NOUN
easat-6979	108	11	causes	cause	NOUN
easat-6979	108	12	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	108	13	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	108	14	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	108	15	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	108	16	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	108	17	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	108	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	108	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	108	20	2	2	X
easat-6979	108	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	108	22	propose	propose	VERB
easat-6979	108	23	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
easat-6979	108	24	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	108	25	harmonizing	harmonize	VERB
easat-6979	108	26	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	108	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	108	28	streamlining	streamline	VERB
easat-6979	108	29	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	108	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	109	1	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-6979	109	2	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	109	3	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	109	4	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	109	5	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	109	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	109	7	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	109	8	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	109	9	requires	require	VERB
easat-6979	109	10	addressing	address	VERB
easat-6979	109	11	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	109	12	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
easat-6979	109	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	109	14	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	109	15	redundancies	redundancy	NOUN
easat-6979	109	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	110	1	harmonizing	harmonize	VERB
easat-6979	110	2	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	110	3	laws	law	NOUN
easat-6979	110	4	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	110	5	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	110	6	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	110	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	110	8	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-6979	110	9	streamlined	streamlined	ADJ
easat-6979	110	10	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	110	11	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	110	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	110	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	110	14	leveraging	leverage	VERB
easat-6979	110	15	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	110	16	like	like	ADP
easat-6979	110	17	afafgit	afafgit	ADJ
easat-6979	110	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	110	19	asw	asw	PROPN
easat-6979	110	20	can	can	AUX
easat-6979	110	21	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-6979	110	22	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	110	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	110	24	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	110	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	111	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	111	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	111	3	’s	’s	PART
easat-6979	111	4	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-6979	111	5	aim	aim	VERB
easat-6979	111	6	to	to	PART
easat-6979	111	7	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-6979	111	8	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	111	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	111	10	foster	foster	ADJ
easat-6979	111	11	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	111	12	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	111	13	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	111	14	while	while	SCONJ
easat-6979	111	15	respecting	respect	VERB
easat-6979	111	16	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	111	17	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN
easat-6979	111	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	111	19	security	security	NOUN
easat-6979	111	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	112	1	4	4	X
easat-6979	112	2	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	112	3	results	result	VERB
easat-6979	112	4	4.1	4.1	NUM
easat-6979	112	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	112	6	registration	registration	NOUN
easat-6979	112	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	112	8	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
easat-6979	112	9	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	112	10	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	112	11	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	112	12	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	112	13	intending	intend	VERB
easat-6979	112	14	to	to	PART
easat-6979	112	15	transport	transport	VERB
easat-6979	112	16	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	112	17	via	via	ADP
easat-6979	112	18	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	112	19	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	112	20	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	112	21	must	must	AUX
easat-6979	112	22	register	register	VERB
easat-6979	112	23	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	112	24	authorized	authorize	VERB
easat-6979	112	25	representatives	representative	NOUN
easat-6979	112	26	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	112	27	the	the	DET
easat-6979	112	28	state	state	NOUN
easat-6979	112	29	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	112	30	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	112	31	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	112	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	113	1	key	key	ADJ
easat-6979	113	2	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
easat-6979	113	3	include	include	VERB
easat-6979	113	4	possessing	possess	VERB
easat-6979	113	5	licenses	license	NOUN
easat-6979	113	6	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	113	7	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	113	8	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	113	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	113	10	authorization	authorization	NOUN
easat-6979	113	11	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	113	12	an	an	DET
easat-6979	113	13	authorized	authorized	ADJ
easat-6979	113	14	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	113	15	operator	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	113	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	113	17	aeo	aeo	PROPN
easat-6979	113	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	113	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	114	1	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	114	2	must	must	AUX
easat-6979	114	3	choose	choose	VERB
easat-6979	114	4	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	114	5	the	the	DET
easat-6979	114	6	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	114	7	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	114	8	procedure	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	114	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	114	10	the	the	DET
easat-6979	114	11	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-6979	114	12	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	114	13	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	114	14	procedure	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	114	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	114	16	offering	offer	VERB
easat-6979	114	17	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-6979	114	18	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	114	19	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	114	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	115	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-6979	115	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	115	3	approved	approve	VERB
easat-6979	115	4	transporters	transporter	NOUN
easat-6979	115	5	must	must	AUX
easat-6979	115	6	submit	submit	VERB
easat-6979	115	7	a	a	DET
easat-6979	115	8	manifest	manif	ADJ
easat-6979	115	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	115	10	referred	refer	VERB
easat-6979	115	11	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	115	12	as	as	SCONJ
easat-6979	115	13	the	the	DET
easat-6979	115	14	cargo	cargo	NOUN
easat-6979	115	15	manifest	manifest	NOUN
easat-6979	115	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	115	17	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-6979	115	18	a	a	DET
easat-6979	115	19	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	115	20	cargo	cargo	NOUN
easat-6979	115	21	declaration	declaration	NOUN
easat-6979	115	22	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	115	23	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-6979	115	24	format	format	NOUN
easat-6979	115	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	115	26	per	per	ADP
easat-6979	115	27	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	115	28	department	department	NOUN
easat-6979	115	29	specifications	specification	NOUN
easat-6979	115	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	116	1	4.2	4.2	NUM
easat-6979	116	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	1	required	require	VERB
easat-6979	117	2	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	117	3	essential	essential	ADJ
easat-6979	117	4	documents	document	NOUN
easat-6979	117	5	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	117	6	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	117	7	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	117	8	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	117	9	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	117	10	include	include	VERB
easat-6979	117	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	12	1	1	X
easat-6979	117	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	14	a	a	DET
easat-6979	117	15	bank	bank	NOUN
easat-6979	117	16	guarantee	guarantee	NOUN
easat-6979	117	17	letter	letter	NOUN
easat-6979	117	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	20	2	2	X
easat-6979	117	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	22	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	117	23	procedure	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	117	24	request	request	NOUN
easat-6979	117	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	27	3	3	X
easat-6979	117	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	29	route	route	NOUN
easat-6979	117	30	details	detail	NOUN
easat-6979	117	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	33	4	4	X
easat-6979	117	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	35	proof	proof	NOUN
easat-6979	117	36	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	117	37	origin	origin	NOUN
easat-6979	117	38	transporter	transporter	NOUN
easat-6979	117	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	40	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	41	5	5	X
easat-6979	117	42	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	43	cargo	cargo	NOUN
easat-6979	117	44	manifest	manifest	NOUN
easat-6979	117	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	46	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	47	6	6	NUM
easat-6979	117	48	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	49	through	through	ADP
easat-6979	117	50	bill	bill	NOUN
easat-6979	117	51	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	117	52	lading	lading	NOUN
easat-6979	117	53	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	54	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	55	7	7	X
easat-6979	117	56	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	57	commercial	commercial	ADJ
easat-6979	117	58	invoice	invoice	NOUN
easat-6979	117	59	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	60	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	117	61	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	62	8)	8)	NUM
easat-6979	117	63	import	import	NOUN
easat-6979	117	64	license	license	NOUN
easat-6979	117	65	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	66	if	if	SCONJ
easat-6979	117	67	applicable	applicable	ADJ
easat-6979	117	68	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	117	69	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	118	1	4.3	4.3	NUM
easat-6979	118	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	119	1	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	119	2	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	119	3	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	119	4	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	119	5	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	119	6	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	119	7	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	119	8	encompass	encompass	VERB
easat-6979	119	9	inspecting	inspect	VERB
easat-6979	119	10	incoming	incoming	ADJ
easat-6979	119	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	119	12	outgoing	outgoing	ADJ
easat-6979	119	13	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	119	14	to	to	PART
easat-6979	119	15	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	119	16	compliance	compliance	NOUN
easat-6979	119	17	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	119	18	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	119	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	119	20	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	119	21	requirements	requirement	NOUN
easat-6979	119	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	120	1	these	these	DET
easat-6979	120	2	processes	process	NOUN
easat-6979	120	3	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	120	4	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-6979	120	5	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	120	6	maintaining	maintain	VERB
easat-6979	120	7	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	120	8	integrity	integrity	NOUN
easat-6979	120	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	120	10	adherence	adherence	NOUN
easat-6979	120	11	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	120	12	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	120	13	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	120	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	121	1	4.4	4.4	NUM
easat-6979	121	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	122	1	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	122	2	provisions	provision	NOUN
easat-6979	122	3	numerous	numerous	ADJ
easat-6979	122	4	laws	law	NOUN
easat-6979	122	5	govern	govern	VERB
easat-6979	122	6	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	122	7	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	122	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	122	9	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	122	10	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	122	11	the	the	DET
easat-6979	122	12	hazardous	hazardous	ADJ
easat-6979	122	13	substances	substance	NOUN
easat-6979	122	14	act	act	NOUN
easat-6979	122	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	122	16	military	military	ADJ
easat-6979	122	17	equipment	equipment	NOUN
easat-6979	122	18	control	control	PROPN
easat-6979	122	19	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	122	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	122	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	122	22	plant	plant	NOUN
easat-6979	122	23	quarantine	quarantine	NOUN
easat-6979	122	24	act	act	NOUN
easat-6979	122	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	122	26	please	please	INTJ
easat-6979	122	27	see	see	VERB
easat-6979	122	28	appendix	appendix	NOUN
easat-6979	122	29	a	a	PRON
easat-6979	122	30	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	122	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	123	1	these	these	DET
easat-6979	123	2	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	123	3	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	123	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-6979	123	5	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	123	6	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	123	7	comply	comply	VERB
easat-6979	123	8	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	123	9	safety	safety	NOUN
easat-6979	123	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	123	11	security	security	NOUN
easat-6979	123	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	123	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	123	14	environmental	environmental	ADJ
easat-6979	123	15	standards	standard	NOUN
easat-6979	123	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	124	1	4.5	4.5	NUM
easat-6979	124	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	125	1	custom	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	125	2	officers	officer	NOUN
easat-6979	125	3	’	'	PUNCT
easat-6979	125	4	roles	role	VERB
easat-6979	125	5	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	125	6	officers	officer	NOUN
easat-6979	125	7	have	have	VERB
easat-6979	125	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	125	9	authority	authority	NOUN
easat-6979	125	10	to	to	PART
easat-6979	125	11	inspect	inspect	VERB
easat-6979	125	12	or	or	CCONJ
easat-6979	125	13	search	search	NOUN
easat-6979	125	14	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	125	15	based	base	VERB
easat-6979	125	16	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	125	17	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
easat-6979	125	18	suspicion	suspicion	NOUN
easat-6979	125	19	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	125	20	illegal	illegal	ADJ
easat-6979	125	21	activity	activity	NOUN
easat-6979	125	22	or	or	CCONJ
easat-6979	125	23	threats	threat	NOUN
easat-6979	125	24	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	125	25	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	125	26	security	security	NOUN
easat-6979	125	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	126	1	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	126	2	unclaimed	unclaimed	ADJ
easat-6979	126	3	within	within	ADP
easat-6979	126	4	30	30	NUM
easat-6979	126	5	days	day	NOUN
easat-6979	126	6	may	may	AUX
easat-6979	126	7	be	be	AUX
easat-6979	126	8	forfeited	forfeit	VERB
easat-6979	126	9	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	126	10	the	the	DET
easat-6979	126	11	state	state	NOUN
easat-6979	126	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	127	1	4.6	4.6	NUM
easat-6979	127	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	128	1	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	128	2	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	128	3	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	128	4	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	128	5	the	the	PRON
easat-6979	128	6	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	128	7	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	128	8	4.6.1	4.6.1	PROPN
easat-6979	128	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	129	1	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
easat-6979	129	2	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	129	3	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	129	4	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	129	5	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	129	6	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	129	7	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	129	8	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	129	9	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	129	10	must	must	AUX
easat-6979	129	11	register	register	VERB
easat-6979	129	12	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	129	13	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	129	14	entities	entity	NOUN
easat-6979	129	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	129	16	secure	secure	VERB
easat-6979	129	17	necessary	necessary	ADJ
easat-6979	129	18	permits	permit	NOUN
easat-6979	129	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	129	20	including	include	VERB
easat-6979	129	21	a	a	DET
easat-6979	129	22	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	129	23	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	129	24	operator	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	129	25	license	license	NOUN
easat-6979	129	26	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	129	27	the	the	DET
easat-6979	129	28	ministry	ministry	PROPN
easat-6979	129	29	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	129	30	public	public	ADJ
easat-6979	129	31	works	work	NOUN
easat-6979	129	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	129	33	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	129	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	130	1	supporting	support	VERB
easat-6979	130	2	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	130	3	includes	include	VERB
easat-6979	130	4	proof	proof	NOUN
easat-6979	130	5	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	130	6	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-6979	130	7	viability	viability	NOUN
easat-6979	130	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	130	9	a	a	DET
easat-6979	130	10	business	business	NOUN
easat-6979	130	11	plan	plan	NOUN
easat-6979	130	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	130	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	130	14	safety	safety	NOUN
easat-6979	130	15	protocols	protocol	NOUN
easat-6979	130	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	131	1	648	648	NUM
easat-6979	131	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	131	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	131	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	131	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	131	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	131	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	131	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	131	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	131	10	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	131	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	131	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	131	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	132	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	132	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	132	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	132	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	132	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	132	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	132	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	132	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	132	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	132	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	132	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	132	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	132	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	132	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	132	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	132	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	132	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	132	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	132	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	132	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	132	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	132	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-6979	132	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	132	24	4.6.2	4.6.2	PROPN
easat-6979	132	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	133	1	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	133	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	133	3	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	133	4	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	133	5	must	must	AUX
easat-6979	133	6	register	register	VERB
easat-6979	133	7	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	133	8	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	133	9	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	133	10	's	's	PART
easat-6979	133	11	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-6979	133	12	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	133	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	133	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	133	15	electronically	electronically	ADV
easat-6979	133	16	submit	submit	VERB
easat-6979	133	17	necessary	necessary	ADJ
easat-6979	133	18	documents	document	NOUN
easat-6979	133	19	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	133	20	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	133	21	the	the	DET
easat-6979	133	22	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	133	23	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	133	24	declaration	declaration	NOUN
easat-6979	133	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	133	26	packing	packing	NOUN
easat-6979	133	27	list	list	NOUN
easat-6979	133	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	133	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	133	30	certificate	certificate	NOUN
easat-6979	133	31	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	133	32	origin	origin	NOUN
easat-6979	133	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	134	1	4.6.3	4.6.3	X
easat-6979	134	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	135	1	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	135	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	135	3	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	135	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	135	5	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	135	6	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	135	7	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	135	8	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	135	9	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	135	10	face	face	NOUN
easat-6979	135	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	135	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	135	13	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	135	14	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	135	15	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
easat-6979	135	16	digitalization	digitalization	NOUN
easat-6979	135	17	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	135	18	processes	process	NOUN
easat-6979	135	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	135	20	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	135	21	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-6979	135	22	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	135	23	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	135	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	136	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-6979	136	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	136	3	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	136	4	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	136	5	arise	arise	VERB
easat-6979	136	6	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	136	7	public	public	ADJ
easat-6979	136	8	holidays	holiday	NOUN
easat-6979	136	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	136	10	transshipment	transshipment	NOUN
easat-6979	136	11	complexities	complexity	NOUN
easat-6979	136	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	137	1	4.6.4	4.6.4	NUM
easat-6979	137	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	137	3	field	field	NOUN
easat-6979	137	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	137	5	findings	finding	VERB
easat-6979	137	6	key	key	ADJ
easat-6979	137	7	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	137	8	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-6979	137	9	reveal	reveal	VERB
easat-6979	137	10	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-6979	137	11	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
easat-6979	137	12	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	137	13	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	137	14	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	137	15	requirements	requirement	NOUN
easat-6979	137	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	137	17	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	137	18	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-6979	137	19	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	137	20	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	137	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	137	22	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	137	23	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	137	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	138	1	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-6979	138	2	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	138	3	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	138	4	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	138	5	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-6979	138	6	digital	digital	ADJ
easat-6979	138	7	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	138	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	138	9	the	the	DET
easat-6979	138	10	need	need	NOUN
easat-6979	138	11	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	138	12	unified	unified	ADJ
easat-6979	138	13	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	138	14	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	138	15	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	138	16	hinder	hinder	VERB
easat-6979	138	17	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-6979	138	18	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	138	19	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	138	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	139	1	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
easat-6979	139	2	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
easat-6979	139	3	the	the	DET
easat-6979	139	4	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-6979	139	5	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	139	6	joint	joint	ADJ
easat-6979	139	7	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	139	8	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	139	9	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	139	10	to	to	PART
easat-6979	139	11	streamline	streamline	VERB
easat-6979	139	12	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	139	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	139	14	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-6979	139	15	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	139	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	140	1	5	5	X
easat-6979	140	2	.	.	X
easat-6979	140	3	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-6979	140	4	the	the	DET
easat-6979	140	5	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-6979	140	6	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	140	7	this	this	DET
easat-6979	140	8	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	140	9	highlight	highlight	VERB
easat-6979	140	10	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-6979	140	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	140	12	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	140	13	the	the	DET
easat-6979	140	14	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	140	15	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	140	16	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	140	17	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	140	18	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	140	19	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	140	20	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	140	21	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	140	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	140	23	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	140	24	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	140	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	141	1	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-6979	141	2	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	141	3	field	field	NOUN
easat-6979	141	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	141	5	further	far	ADV
easat-6979	141	6	reveal	reveal	VERB
easat-6979	141	7	both	both	CCONJ
easat-6979	141	8	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	141	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	141	10	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-6979	141	11	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	141	12	impacting	impact	VERB
easat-6979	141	13	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	141	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	142	1	5.1	5.1	NUM
easat-6979	142	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	143	1	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	143	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	143	3	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	143	4	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	143	5	the	the	DET
easat-6979	143	6	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-6979	143	7	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	143	8	this	this	DET
easat-6979	143	9	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	143	10	highlight	highlight	VERB
easat-6979	143	11	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-6979	143	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	143	13	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	143	14	the	the	DET
easat-6979	143	15	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	143	16	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	143	17	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	143	18	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	143	19	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	143	20	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	143	21	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	143	22	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	143	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	143	24	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	143	25	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	143	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	144	1	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-6979	144	2	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	144	3	field	field	NOUN
easat-6979	144	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	144	5	further	far	ADV
easat-6979	144	6	reveal	reveal	VERB
easat-6979	144	7	both	both	CCONJ
easat-6979	144	8	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	144	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	144	10	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-6979	144	11	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	144	12	impacting	impact	VERB
easat-6979	144	13	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	144	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	145	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	145	2	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	145	3	national	national	PROPN
easat-6979	145	4	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	145	5	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	145	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	145	7	lnsw	lnsw	NOUN
easat-6979	145	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	145	9	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	145	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	145	11	implemented	implement	VERB
easat-6979	145	12	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	145	13	2013	2013	NUM
easat-6979	145	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	145	15	was	be	AUX
easat-6979	145	16	designed	design	VERB
easat-6979	145	17	to	to	PART
easat-6979	145	18	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-6979	145	19	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	145	20	document	document	NOUN
easat-6979	145	21	sharing	sharing	NOUN
easat-6979	145	22	across	across	ADP
easat-6979	145	23	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	145	24	member	member	NOUN
easat-6979	145	25	states	state	NOUN
easat-6979	145	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	146	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-6979	146	2	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	146	3	’s	’s	PART
easat-6979	146	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-6979	146	5	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	146	6	the	the	DET
easat-6979	146	7	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	146	8	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	146	9	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	146	10	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	146	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	146	12	acts	act	NOUN
easat-6979	146	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	146	14	has	have	AUX
easat-6979	146	15	faced	face	VERB
easat-6979	146	16	minimal	minimal	ADJ
easat-6979	146	17	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	146	18	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	146	19	[	[	X
easat-6979	146	20	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	146	21	]	]	SYM
easat-6979	146	22	differences	difference	NOUN
easat-6979	146	23	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	146	24	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	146	25	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	146	26	requirements	requirement	NOUN
easat-6979	146	27	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	146	28	the	the	DET
easat-6979	146	29	two	two	NUM
easat-6979	146	30	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	146	31	create	create	VERB
easat-6979	146	32	uncertainties	uncertainty	NOUN
easat-6979	146	33	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	146	34	transporters	transporter	NOUN
easat-6979	146	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	147	1	these	these	DET
easat-6979	147	2	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-6979	147	3	underscore	underscore	VERB
easat-6979	147	4	the	the	DET
easat-6979	147	5	need	need	NOUN
easat-6979	147	6	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	147	7	harmonized	harmonized	ADJ
easat-6979	147	8	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	147	9	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	147	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	147	11	unified	unified	ADJ
easat-6979	147	12	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	147	13	to	to	PART
easat-6979	147	14	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-6979	147	15	complications	complication	NOUN
easat-6979	147	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	148	1	5.2	5.2	NUM
easat-6979	148	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	149	1	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	149	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	149	3	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	149	4	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	149	5	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	149	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	149	7	also	also	ADV
easat-6979	149	8	pose	pose	VERB
easat-6979	149	9	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-6979	149	10	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-6979	149	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	150	1	e	e	X
easat-6979	150	2	-	-	NOUN
easat-6979	150	3	customs	customs	ADJ
easat-6979	150	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-6979	150	5	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	150	6	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	150	7	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	150	8	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	150	9	still	still	ADV
easat-6979	150	10	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	150	11	its	its	PRON
easat-6979	150	12	infancy	infancy	NOUN
easat-6979	150	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	150	14	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	150	15	many	many	ADJ
easat-6979	150	16	processes	process	NOUN
easat-6979	150	17	relying	rely	VERB
easat-6979	150	18	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	150	19	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-6979	150	20	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	150	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	151	1	public	public	ADJ
easat-6979	151	2	holidays	holiday	NOUN
easat-6979	151	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	151	4	staff	staff	NOUN
easat-6979	151	5	transition	transition	NOUN
easat-6979	151	6	often	often	ADV
easat-6979	151	7	delay	delay	VERB
easat-6979	151	8	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	151	9	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	151	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	151	11	while	while	SCONJ
easat-6979	151	12	differences	difference	NOUN
easat-6979	151	13	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	151	14	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	151	15	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-6979	151	16	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	151	17	officials	official	NOUN
easat-6979	151	18	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	151	19	both	both	DET
easat-6979	151	20	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	151	21	further	far	ADV
easat-6979	151	22	increase	increase	VERB
easat-6979	151	23	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
easat-6979	151	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	152	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-6979	152	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	152	3	logistical	logistical	ADJ
easat-6979	152	4	complexities	complexity	NOUN
easat-6979	152	5	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	152	6	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	152	7	transshipment	transshipment	NOUN
easat-6979	152	8	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	152	9	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	152	10	-	-	PROPN
easat-6979	152	11	chinese	chinese	PROPN
easat-6979	152	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	152	13	thai	thai	PROPN
easat-6979	152	14	trains	train	NOUN
easat-6979	152	15	add	add	VERB
easat-6979	152	16	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	152	17	handling	handle	VERB
easat-6979	152	18	times	time	NOUN
easat-6979	152	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	152	20	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	152	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	153	1	5.3	5.3	NUM
easat-6979	153	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	153	3	addressing	address	VERB
easat-6979	153	4	the	the	DET
easat-6979	153	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	153	6	a	a	DET
easat-6979	153	7	joint	joint	ADJ
easat-6979	153	8	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	153	9	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	153	10	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	153	11	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	153	12	imperative	imperative	ADJ
easat-6979	153	13	to	to	PART
easat-6979	153	14	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-6979	153	15	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	153	16	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	153	17	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	153	18	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	153	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	154	1	this	this	PRON
easat-6979	154	2	would	would	AUX
easat-6979	154	3	involve	involve	VERB
easat-6979	154	4	unified	unified	ADJ
easat-6979	154	5	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	154	6	points	point	NOUN
easat-6979	154	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	154	8	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-6979	154	9	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	154	10	across	across	ADP
easat-6979	154	11	agencies	agency	NOUN
easat-6979	154	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	154	13	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	154	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	155	1	drawing	draw	VERB
easat-6979	155	2	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	155	3	models	model	NOUN
easat-6979	155	4	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	155	5	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	155	6	the	the	DET
easat-6979	155	7	one	one	NUM
easat-6979	155	8	stop	stop	VERB
easat-6979	155	9	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	155	10	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	155	11	implemented	implement	VERB
easat-6979	155	12	at	at	ADP
easat-6979	155	13	the	the	DET
easat-6979	155	14	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	155	15	bao	bao	PROPN
easat-6979	155	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	155	17	dansavanh	dansavanh	ADJ
easat-6979	155	18	checkpoint	checkpoint	NOUN
easat-6979	155	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	155	20	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	155	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	155	22	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	155	23	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	155	24	can	can	AUX
easat-6979	155	25	adopt	adopt	VERB
easat-6979	155	26	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-6979	155	27	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-6979	155	28	to	to	PART
easat-6979	155	29	streamline	streamline	VERB
easat-6979	155	30	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	155	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	156	1	combined	combine	VERB
easat-6979	156	2	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	156	3	improved	improve	VERB
easat-6979	156	4	digital	digital	ADJ
easat-6979	156	5	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	156	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	156	7	joint	joint	ADJ
easat-6979	156	8	inspections	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	156	9	can	can	AUX
easat-6979	156	10	minimize	minimize	VERB
easat-6979	156	11	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	156	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	156	13	foster	foster	ADJ
easat-6979	156	14	excellent	excellent	ADJ
easat-6979	156	15	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	156	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	157	1	5.4	5.4	NUM
easat-6979	157	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	158	1	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-6979	158	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	158	3	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-6979	158	4	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-6979	158	5	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	158	6	addition	addition	NOUN
easat-6979	158	7	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	158	8	procedural	procedural	ADJ
easat-6979	158	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	158	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	158	11	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	158	12	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-6979	158	13	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-6979	158	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	158	15	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	158	16	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	158	17	differing	differ	VERB
easat-6979	158	18	gauge	gauge	NOUN
easat-6979	158	19	sizes	size	NOUN
easat-6979	158	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	158	21	hinder	hinder	VERB
easat-6979	158	22	seamless	seamless	ADJ
easat-6979	158	23	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	158	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	159	1	addressing	address	VERB
easat-6979	159	2	these	these	DET
easat-6979	159	3	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-6979	159	4	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-6979	159	5	will	will	AUX
easat-6979	159	6	require	require	VERB
easat-6979	159	7	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-6979	159	8	649	649	NUM
easat-6979	159	9	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	159	10	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	159	11	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	159	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	159	13	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	159	14	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	159	15	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	159	16	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	159	17	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	159	18	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	159	19	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	159	20	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	160	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	160	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	160	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	160	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	160	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	160	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	160	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	160	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	160	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	160	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	160	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	160	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	160	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	160	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	160	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	160	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	160	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	160	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	160	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	160	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	160	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	160	22	learning	learn	VERB
easat-6979	160	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	160	24	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-6979	160	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	160	26	planning	planning	NOUN
easat-6979	160	27	to	to	PART
easat-6979	160	28	align	align	VERB
easat-6979	160	29	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-6979	160	30	standards	standard	NOUN
easat-6979	160	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	160	32	further	far	ADV
easat-6979	160	33	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
easat-6979	160	34	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	160	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	160	36	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	160	37	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	160	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	161	1	5.5	5.5	NUM
easat-6979	161	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	161	3	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	161	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	161	5	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-6979	161	6	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	161	7	results	result	VERB
easat-6979	161	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	161	9	field	field	NOUN
easat-6979	161	10	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	161	11	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-6979	161	12	were	be	AUX
easat-6979	161	13	obtained	obtain	VERB
easat-6979	161	14	through	through	ADP
easat-6979	161	15	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	161	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	161	17	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-6979	161	18	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	161	19	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	161	20	government	government	NOUN
easat-6979	161	21	officials	official	NOUN
easat-6979	161	22	involved	involve	VERB
easat-6979	161	23	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	161	24	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	161	25	freight	freight	NOUN
easat-6979	161	26	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	161	27	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	161	28	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	161	29	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	161	30	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	161	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	161	32	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	161	33	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	161	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	161	35	business	business	NOUN
easat-6979	161	36	owners	owner	NOUN
easat-6979	161	37	engaged	engage	VERB
easat-6979	161	38	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	161	39	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	161	40	freight	freight	NOUN
easat-6979	161	41	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	161	42	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	161	43	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	161	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	161	45	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	161	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	161	47	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	161	48	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	161	49	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	161	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	162	1	an	an	DET
easat-6979	162	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-6979	162	3	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	162	4	one	one	NUM
easat-6979	162	5	interview	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	162	6	question	question	NOUN
easat-6979	162	7	was	be	AUX
easat-6979	162	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	162	9	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	162	10	what	what	PRON
easat-6979	162	11	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	162	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	162	13	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	162	14	related	relate	VERB
easat-6979	162	15	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	162	16	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	162	17	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	162	18	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	162	19	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	162	20	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	162	21	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	162	22	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	162	23	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	162	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	162	25	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	162	26	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	162	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	162	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	162	29	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	162	30	present	present	ADJ
easat-6979	162	31	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
easat-6979	162	32	to	to	PART
easat-6979	162	33	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	162	34	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	162	35	?	?	PUNCT
easat-6979	162	36	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	163	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	163	2	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
easat-6979	163	3	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	163	4	the	the	DET
easat-6979	163	5	responses	response	NOUN
easat-6979	163	6	can	can	AUX
easat-6979	163	7	be	be	AUX
easat-6979	163	8	summed	sum	VERB
easat-6979	163	9	up	up	ADP
easat-6979	163	10	as	as	SCONJ
easat-6979	163	11	follows	follow	VERB
easat-6979	163	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	164	1	5.6	5.6	NUM
easat-6979	164	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	165	1	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	165	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	165	3	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	165	4	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	165	5	the	the	DET
easat-6979	165	6	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	165	7	national	national	PROPN
easat-6979	165	8	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	165	9	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	165	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	165	11	lnsw	lnsw	NOUN
easat-6979	165	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	165	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	165	14	was	be	AUX
easat-6979	165	15	implemented	implement	VERB
easat-6979	165	16	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	165	17	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	165	18	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	165	19	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	165	20	2013	2013	NUM
easat-6979	165	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	165	22	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	165	23	its	its	PRON
easat-6979	165	24	creation	creation	NOUN
easat-6979	165	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	165	26	management	management	NOUN
easat-6979	165	27	formalized	formalize	VERB
easat-6979	165	28	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	165	29	the	the	DET
easat-6979	165	30	ministry	ministry	PROPN
easat-6979	165	31	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	165	32	finance	finance	NOUN
easat-6979	165	33	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	165	34	2015	2015	NUM
easat-6979	165	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	166	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	166	2	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	166	3	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	166	4	compatible	compatible	ADJ
easat-6979	166	5	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	166	6	the	the	DET
easat-6979	166	7	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	166	8	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	166	9	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	166	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	166	11	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-6979	166	12	the	the	DET
easat-6979	166	13	sharing	sharing	NOUN
easat-6979	166	14	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	166	15	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	166	16	document	document	NOUN
easat-6979	166	17	information	information	NOUN
easat-6979	166	18	among	among	ADP
easat-6979	166	19	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	166	20	member	member	NOUN
easat-6979	166	21	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	166	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	167	1	it	it	PRON
easat-6979	167	2	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	167	3	recognized	recognize	VERB
easat-6979	167	4	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	167	5	the	the	DET
easat-6979	167	6	world	world	NOUN
easat-6979	167	7	's	's	PART
easat-6979	167	8	first	first	ADJ
easat-6979	167	9	region	region	NOUN
easat-6979	167	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	167	11	wide	wide	ADJ
easat-6979	167	12	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-6979	167	13	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	167	14	exchange	exchange	NOUN
easat-6979	167	15	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	167	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	168	1	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	168	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-6979	168	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	168	4	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	168	5	's	's	PART
easat-6979	168	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-6979	168	7	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	168	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	168	9	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	168	10	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	168	11	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	168	12	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	168	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	168	14	acts	act	NOUN
easat-6979	168	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	168	16	has	have	AUX
easat-6979	168	17	faced	face	VERB
easat-6979	168	18	minimal	minimal	ADJ
easat-6979	168	19	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	168	20	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	168	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	169	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	169	2	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	169	3	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	169	4	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	169	5	stable	stable	ADJ
easat-6979	169	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	169	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	169	8	personnel	personnel	NOUN
easat-6979	169	9	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	169	10	proficient	proficient	ADJ
easat-6979	169	11	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	169	12	its	its	PRON
easat-6979	169	13	usage	usage	NOUN
easat-6979	169	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	170	1	however	however	ADV
easat-6979	170	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	170	3	differing	differ	VERB
easat-6979	170	4	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	170	5	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	170	6	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-6979	170	7	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	170	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	170	9	two	two	NUM
easat-6979	170	10	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	170	11	create	create	VERB
easat-6979	170	12	uncertainties	uncertainty	NOUN
easat-6979	170	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	170	14	complications	complication	NOUN
easat-6979	170	15	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	170	16	transporters	transporter	NOUN
easat-6979	170	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	171	1	5.7	5.7	NUM
easat-6979	171	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	171	3	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-6979	171	4	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	171	5	5.7.1	5.7.1	NUM
easat-6979	171	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	172	1	e	e	X
easat-6979	172	2	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	172	3	customs	customs	ADJ
easat-6979	172	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-6979	172	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	172	6	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	172	7	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	172	8	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	172	9	still	still	ADV
easat-6979	172	10	transitioning	transition	VERB
easat-6979	172	11	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	172	12	a	a	DET
easat-6979	172	13	digital	digital	ADJ
easat-6979	172	14	economy	economy	NOUN
easat-6979	172	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	173	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-6979	173	2	the	the	DET
easat-6979	173	3	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	173	4	national	national	PROPN
easat-6979	173	5	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	173	6	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	173	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	173	8	lnsw	lnsw	NOUN
easat-6979	173	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	173	10	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	173	11	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	173	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	173	13	some	some	DET
easat-6979	173	14	processes	process	NOUN
easat-6979	173	15	can	can	AUX
easat-6979	173	16	not	not	PART
easat-6979	173	17	yet	yet	ADV
easat-6979	173	18	be	be	AUX
easat-6979	173	19	fully	fully	ADV
easat-6979	173	20	completed	complete	VERB
easat-6979	173	21	electronically	electronically	ADV
easat-6979	173	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	173	23	requiring	require	VERB
easat-6979	173	24	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-6979	173	25	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	173	26	to	to	PART
easat-6979	173	27	be	be	AUX
easat-6979	173	28	used	use	VERB
easat-6979	173	29	concurrently	concurrently	ADV
easat-6979	173	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	174	1	5.7.2	5.7.2	X
easat-6979	174	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	174	3	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-6979	174	4	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	174	5	public	public	ADJ
easat-6979	174	6	holidays	holiday	NOUN
easat-6979	174	7	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	174	8	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	174	9	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	174	10	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	174	11	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	174	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	174	13	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	174	14	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	174	15	can	can	AUX
easat-6979	174	16	face	face	VERB
easat-6979	174	17	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	174	18	when	when	SCONJ
easat-6979	174	19	personnel	personnel	NOUN
easat-6979	174	20	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	174	21	unavailable	unavailable	ADJ
easat-6979	174	22	during	during	ADP
easat-6979	174	23	public	public	ADJ
easat-6979	174	24	holidays	holiday	NOUN
easat-6979	174	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	175	1	staff	staff	NOUN
easat-6979	175	2	transitions	transition	NOUN
easat-6979	175	3	can	can	AUX
easat-6979	175	4	further	far	ADV
easat-6979	175	5	slow	slow	VERB
easat-6979	175	6	down	down	ADP
easat-6979	175	7	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	175	8	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	175	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	175	10	increasing	increase	VERB
easat-6979	175	11	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	175	12	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	175	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	176	1	5.7.3	5.7.3	X
easat-6979	176	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	176	3	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-6979	176	4	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	176	5	transshipment	transshipment	NOUN
easat-6979	176	6	the	the	DET
easat-6979	176	7	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-6979	176	8	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	176	9	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	176	10	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	176	11	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	176	12	-	-	PROPN
easat-6979	176	13	chinese	chinese	ADJ
easat-6979	176	14	trains	train	NOUN
easat-6979	176	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	176	16	trains	train	NOUN
easat-6979	176	17	connecting	connect	VERB
easat-6979	176	18	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	176	19	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	176	20	complicates	complicate	VERB
easat-6979	176	21	logistics	logistic	NOUN
easat-6979	176	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	176	23	leading	lead	VERB
easat-6979	176	24	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	176	25	increased	increase	VERB
easat-6979	176	26	handling	handling	NOUN
easat-6979	176	27	times	time	NOUN
easat-6979	176	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	177	1	5.7.4	5.7.4	NUM
easat-6979	177	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	178	1	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	178	2	submission	submission	NOUN
easat-6979	178	3	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	178	4	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-6979	178	5	data	data	NOUN
easat-6979	178	6	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	178	7	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	178	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	178	9	two	two	NUM
easat-6979	178	10	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	178	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	178	12	differing	differing	ADJ
easat-6979	178	13	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-6979	178	14	among	among	ADP
easat-6979	178	15	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	178	16	officials	official	NOUN
easat-6979	178	17	result	result	VERB
easat-6979	178	18	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	178	19	complications	complication	NOUN
easat-6979	178	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	178	21	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	178	22	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	178	23	the	the	DET
easat-6979	178	24	shipment	shipment	NOUN
easat-6979	178	25	process	process	NOUN
easat-6979	178	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	179	1	5.7.5	5.7.5	X
easat-6979	179	2	.	.	X
easat-6979	179	3	need	need	NOUN
easat-6979	179	4	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	179	5	joint	joint	ADJ
easat-6979	179	6	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	179	7	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	179	8	establishing	establish	VERB
easat-6979	179	9	a	a	DET
easat-6979	179	10	unified	unified	ADJ
easat-6979	179	11	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	179	12	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	179	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	179	14	at	at	ADP
easat-6979	179	15	a	a	DET
easat-6979	179	16	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	179	17	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	179	18	point	point	NOUN
easat-6979	179	19	could	could	AUX
easat-6979	179	20	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-6979	179	21	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-6979	179	22	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	179	23	time	time	NOUN
easat-6979	179	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	179	25	improve	improve	VERB
easat-6979	179	26	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	179	27	across	across	ADP
easat-6979	179	28	agencies	agency	NOUN
easat-6979	179	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	179	30	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	179	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	180	1	5.8	5.8	NUM
easat-6979	180	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	181	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-6979	181	2	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	181	3	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	181	4	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	181	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	181	6	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-6979	181	7	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-6979	181	8	an	an	DET
easat-6979	181	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-6979	181	10	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	181	11	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	181	12	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	181	13	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	181	14	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	181	15	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	181	16	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	181	17	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	181	18	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	181	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	181	20	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	181	21	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	181	22	reveals	reveal	VERB
easat-6979	181	23	domestic	domestic	ADJ
easat-6979	181	24	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	181	25	requirements	requirement	NOUN
easat-6979	181	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	181	27	areas	area	NOUN
easat-6979	181	28	where	where	SCONJ
easat-6979	181	29	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	181	30	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-6979	181	31	could	could	AUX
easat-6979	181	32	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-6979	181	33	improve	improve	VERB
easat-6979	181	34	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	181	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	182	1	key	key	ADJ
easat-6979	182	2	domestic	domestic	ADJ
easat-6979	182	3	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
easat-6979	182	4	include	include	VERB
easat-6979	182	5	regulations	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	182	6	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	182	7	obtaining	obtain	VERB
easat-6979	182	8	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	182	9	licenses	license	NOUN
easat-6979	182	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	182	11	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	182	12	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	182	13	inspecting	inspect	VERB
easat-6979	182	14	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	182	15	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	182	16	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	182	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	182	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	182	19	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	182	20	provisions	provision	NOUN
easat-6979	182	21	imposing	impose	VERB
easat-6979	182	22	prohibitions	prohibition	NOUN
easat-6979	182	23	or	or	CCONJ
easat-6979	182	24	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
easat-6979	182	25	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	182	26	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	182	27	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-6979	182	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	183	1	however	however	ADV
easat-6979	183	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	183	3	developing	develop	VERB
easat-6979	183	4	a	a	DET
easat-6979	183	5	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	183	6	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-6979	183	7	joint	joint	ADJ
easat-6979	183	8	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	183	9	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	183	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	183	11	presents	present	VERB
easat-6979	183	12	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-6979	183	13	650	650	NUM
easat-6979	183	14	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	183	15	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	183	16	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	183	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	183	18	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	183	19	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	183	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	183	21	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	183	22	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	183	23	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	183	24	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	183	25	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	184	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	184	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	184	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	184	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	184	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	184	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	184	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	184	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	184	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	184	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	184	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	184	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	184	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	184	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	184	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	184	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	184	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	184	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	184	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	184	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	185	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	185	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-6979	185	3	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	185	4	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-6979	185	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	186	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	186	2	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	186	3	would	would	AUX
easat-6979	186	4	integrate	integrate	VERB
easat-6979	186	5	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	186	6	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	186	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	186	8	supporting	support	VERB
easat-6979	186	9	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	186	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	186	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	186	12	formalities	formality	NOUN
easat-6979	186	13	associated	associate	VERB
easat-6979	186	14	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	186	15	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	186	16	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	186	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	187	1	5.9	5.9	NUM
easat-6979	187	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	188	1	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-6979	188	2	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	188	3	through	through	ADP
easat-6979	188	4	the	the	DET
easat-6979	188	5	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	188	6	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	188	7	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	188	8	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	188	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	188	10	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	188	11	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	188	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	188	13	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	188	14	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	188	15	member	member	NOUN
easat-6979	188	16	states	state	NOUN
easat-6979	188	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	188	18	have	have	AUX
easat-6979	188	19	formalized	formalize	VERB
easat-6979	188	20	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	188	21	under	under	ADP
easat-6979	188	22	the	the	DET
easat-6979	188	23	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	188	24	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	188	25	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	188	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	188	27	asw	asw	PROPN
easat-6979	188	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	188	29	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	188	30	to	to	PART
easat-6979	188	31	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-6979	188	32	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	188	33	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	188	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	189	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	189	2	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	189	3	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	189	4	to	to	PART
easat-6979	189	5	establish	establish	VERB
easat-6979	189	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	189	7	implement	implement	VERB
easat-6979	189	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	189	9	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	189	10	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	189	11	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	189	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	189	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	189	14	the	the	DET
easat-6979	189	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	189	16	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	189	17	protocol	protocol	NOUN
easat-6979	189	18	to	to	PART
easat-6979	189	19	establish	establish	VERB
easat-6979	189	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	189	21	implement	implement	VERB
easat-6979	189	22	the	the	DET
easat-6979	189	23	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	189	24	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	189	25	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	189	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	189	27	provide	provide	VERB
easat-6979	189	28	a	a	DET
easat-6979	189	29	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-6979	189	30	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	189	31	to	to	PART
easat-6979	189	32	develop	develop	VERB
easat-6979	189	33	an	an	DET
easat-6979	189	34	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-6979	189	35	data	data	NOUN
easat-6979	189	36	linkage	linkage	NOUN
easat-6979	189	37	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	189	38	among	among	ADP
easat-6979	189	39	member	member	NOUN
easat-6979	189	40	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	189	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	190	1	these	these	DET
easat-6979	190	2	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	190	3	mandate	mandate	VERB
easat-6979	190	4	each	each	DET
easat-6979	190	5	member	member	NOUN
easat-6979	190	6	state	state	NOUN
easat-6979	190	7	to	to	PART
easat-6979	190	8	establish	establish	VERB
easat-6979	190	9	a	a	DET
easat-6979	190	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	190	11	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	190	12	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	190	13	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	190	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	190	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	190	16	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
easat-6979	190	17	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-6979	190	18	transactions	transaction	NOUN
easat-6979	190	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	190	20	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-6979	190	21	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-6979	190	22	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	190	23	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	190	24	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	190	25	government	government	NOUN
easat-6979	190	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	190	27	private	private	ADJ
easat-6979	190	28	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-6979	190	29	agencies	agency	NOUN
easat-6979	190	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	191	1	5.10	5.10	NUM
easat-6979	191	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	191	3	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-6979	191	4	timelines	timeline	NOUN
easat-6979	191	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	191	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	191	7	under	under	ADP
easat-6979	191	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	191	9	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	191	10	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	191	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	191	12	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	191	13	like	like	ADP
easat-6979	191	14	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	191	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	191	16	brunei	brunei	PROPN
easat-6979	191	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	191	18	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
easat-6979	191	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	191	20	malaysia	malaysia	PROPN
easat-6979	191	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	191	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	191	23	the	the	DET
easat-6979	191	24	philippines	philippine	NOUN
easat-6979	191	25	must	must	AUX
easat-6979	191	26	operationalize	operationalize	VERB
easat-6979	191	27	their	their	PRON
easat-6979	191	28	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	191	29	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	191	30	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	191	31	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	191	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	192	1	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	192	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-6979	192	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	192	4	while	while	SCONJ
easat-6979	192	5	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	192	6	has	have	AUX
easat-6979	192	7	implemented	implement	VERB
easat-6979	192	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	192	9	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	192	10	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	192	11	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	192	12	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	192	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	192	14	acts	act	NOUN
easat-6979	192	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	192	16	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-6979	192	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	192	18	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	192	19	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	192	20	faces	face	VERB
easat-6979	192	21	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	192	22	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	192	23	due	due	ADP
easat-6979	192	24	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	192	25	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
easat-6979	192	26	digitalization	digitalization	NOUN
easat-6979	192	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	192	28	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-6979	192	29	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-6979	192	30	[	[	X
easat-6979	192	31	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	192	32	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	192	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	193	1	addressing	address	VERB
easat-6979	193	2	these	these	DET
easat-6979	193	3	disparities	disparity	NOUN
easat-6979	193	4	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	193	5	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-6979	193	6	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	193	7	achieving	achieve	VERB
easat-6979	193	8	seamless	seamless	ADJ
easat-6979	193	9	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	193	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	193	11	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-6979	193	12	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	193	13	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	193	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	194	1	5.11	5.11	NUM
easat-6979	194	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	194	3	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	194	4	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	194	5	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	194	6	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	194	7	utilization	utilization	NOUN
easat-6979	194	8	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	194	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	194	10	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	194	11	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	194	12	have	have	AUX
easat-6979	194	13	developed	develop	VERB
easat-6979	194	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	194	15	implemented	implement	VERB
easat-6979	194	16	their	their	PRON
easat-6979	194	17	own	own	ADJ
easat-6979	194	18	respective	respective	ADJ
easat-6979	194	19	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	194	20	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	194	21	the	the	DET
easat-6979	194	22	context	context	NOUN
easat-6979	194	23	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	194	24	using	use	VERB
easat-6979	194	25	the	the	DET
easat-6979	194	26	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	194	27	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	194	28	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	194	29	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	194	30	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	194	31	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	194	32	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	194	33	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	194	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	195	1	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	195	2	's	's	PART
easat-6979	195	3	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	195	4	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	195	5	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	195	6	operates	operate	VERB
easat-6979	195	7	through	through	ADP
easat-6979	195	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	195	9	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	195	10	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	195	11	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	195	12	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	195	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	195	14	acts	act	NOUN
easat-6979	195	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	196	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	196	2	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	196	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	196	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	197	1	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	197	2	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	197	3	must	must	AUX
easat-6979	197	4	register	register	VERB
easat-6979	197	5	to	to	PART
easat-6979	197	6	utilize	utilize	VERB
easat-6979	197	7	the	the	DET
easat-6979	197	8	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	197	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	197	10	comply	comply	VERB
easat-6979	197	11	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	197	12	the	the	DET
easat-6979	197	13	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	197	14	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	197	15	outlined	outline	VERB
easat-6979	197	16	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	197	17	the	the	DET
easat-6979	197	18	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	197	19	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	197	20	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	197	21	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	197	22	user	user	NOUN
easat-6979	197	23	manual	manual	NOUN
easat-6979	197	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	197	25	as	as	SCONJ
easat-6979	197	26	specified	specify	VERB
easat-6979	197	27	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	197	28	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	197	29	department	department	NOUN
easat-6979	197	30	announcement	announcement	NOUN
easat-6979	197	31	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	197	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	198	1	169/2020	169/2020	NUM
easat-6979	198	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	199	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	199	2	asycuda+	asycuda+	PUNCT
easat-6979	199	3	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	199	4	represents	represent	VERB
easat-6979	199	5	the	the	DET
easat-6979	199	6	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	199	7	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	199	8	's	's	PART
easat-6979	199	9	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	199	10	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	199	11	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	199	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	200	1	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	200	2	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	200	3	must	must	AUX
easat-6979	200	4	scan	scan	VERB
easat-6979	200	5	a	a	DET
easat-6979	200	6	qr	qr	PROPN
easat-6979	200	7	code	code	NOUN
easat-6979	200	8	to	to	PART
easat-6979	200	9	register	register	VERB
easat-6979	200	10	their	their	PRON
easat-6979	200	11	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	200	12	electronically	electronically	ADV
easat-6979	200	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	200	14	declare	declare	VERB
easat-6979	200	15	imported	import	VERB
easat-6979	200	16	items	item	NOUN
easat-6979	200	17	under	under	ADP
easat-6979	200	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	200	19	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	200	20	declaration	declaration	NOUN
easat-6979	200	21	via	via	ADP
easat-6979	200	22	the	the	DET
easat-6979	200	23	designated	designate	VERB
easat-6979	200	24	website	website	NOUN
easat-6979	200	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	200	26	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
easat-6979	200	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	200	28	https://vcust.gov.la	https://vcust.gov.la	NOUN
easat-6979	200	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	200	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	201	1	both	both	DET
easat-6979	201	2	nations	nation	NOUN
easat-6979	201	3	have	have	AUX
easat-6979	201	4	adopted	adopt	VERB
easat-6979	201	5	the	the	DET
easat-6979	201	6	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	201	7	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	201	8	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	201	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	201	10	e	e	NOUN
easat-6979	201	11	-	-	NOUN
easat-6979	201	12	customs	customs	ADJ
easat-6979	201	13	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	201	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	201	15	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	201	16	currently	currently	ADV
easat-6979	201	17	testing	test	VERB
easat-6979	201	18	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	201	19	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	201	20	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	201	21	their	their	PRON
easat-6979	201	22	platforms	platform	NOUN
easat-6979	201	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	202	1	however	however	ADV
easat-6979	202	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	202	3	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-6979	202	4	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	202	5	under	under	ADP
easat-6979	202	6	the	the	DET
easat-6979	202	7	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	202	8	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	202	9	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	202	10	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	202	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	202	12	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-6979	202	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	202	14	remain	remain	VERB
easat-6979	202	15	when	when	SCONJ
easat-6979	202	16	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	202	17	enter	enter	VERB
easat-6979	202	18	other	other	ADJ
easat-6979	202	19	jurisdictions	jurisdiction	NOUN
easat-6979	202	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	203	1	these	these	PRON
easat-6979	203	2	include	include	VERB
easat-6979	203	3	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	203	4	caused	cause	VERB
easat-6979	203	5	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	203	6	differing	differ	VERB
easat-6979	203	7	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	203	8	requirements	requirement	NOUN
easat-6979	203	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	203	10	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	203	11	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
easat-6979	203	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	203	13	working	working	NOUN
easat-6979	203	14	hours	hour	NOUN
easat-6979	203	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	203	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	203	17	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	203	18	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	203	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	203	20	which	which	PRON
easat-6979	203	21	vary	vary	VERB
easat-6979	203	22	according	accord	VERB
easat-6979	203	23	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	203	24	each	each	DET
easat-6979	203	25	country	country	NOUN
easat-6979	203	26	's	's	PART
easat-6979	203	27	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	203	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	203	29	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	203	30	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	203	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	204	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-6979	204	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	204	3	the	the	DET
easat-6979	204	4	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	204	5	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-6979	204	6	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	204	7	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	204	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	204	9	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	204	10	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	204	11	face	face	VERB
easat-6979	204	12	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	204	13	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	204	14	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	204	15	the	the	DET
easat-6979	204	16	laos	laos	PROPN
easat-6979	204	17	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	204	18	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	204	19	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	204	20	due	due	ADP
easat-6979	204	21	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	204	22	differing	differ	VERB
easat-6979	204	23	gauge	gauge	NOUN
easat-6979	204	24	sizes	size	NOUN
easat-6979	204	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	205	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	205	2	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-6979	205	3	incompatibility	incompatibility	NOUN
easat-6979	205	4	complicates	complicate	VERB
easat-6979	205	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	205	6	prolongs	prolong	VERB
easat-6979	205	7	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	205	8	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	205	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	205	10	increasing	increase	VERB
easat-6979	205	11	operator	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	205	12	transportation	transportation	NOUN
easat-6979	205	13	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	205	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	206	1	addressing	address	VERB
easat-6979	206	2	these	these	DET
easat-6979	206	3	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-6979	206	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	206	5	procedural	procedural	ADJ
easat-6979	206	6	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	206	7	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	206	8	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-6979	206	9	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	206	10	improving	improve	VERB
easat-6979	206	11	the	the	DET
easat-6979	206	12	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-6979	206	13	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-6979	206	14	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	206	15	the	the	DET
easat-6979	206	16	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	206	17	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	206	18	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	206	19	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	206	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	207	1	5.12	5.12	NUM
easat-6979	207	2	.	.	X
easat-6979	207	3	one	one	NUM
easat-6979	207	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	207	5	stop	stop	NOUN
easat-6979	207	6	service	service	NOUN
easat-6979	207	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	207	8	oss	oss	NOUN
easat-6979	207	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	207	10	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	207	11	2005	2005	NUM
easat-6979	207	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	207	13	the	the	DET
easat-6979	207	14	governments	government	NOUN
easat-6979	207	15	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	207	16	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-6979	207	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	207	18	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	207	19	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	207	20	signed	sign	VERB
easat-6979	207	21	a	a	DET
easat-6979	207	22	memorandum	memorandum	NOUN
easat-6979	207	23	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	207	24	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-6979	207	25	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	207	26	a	a	DET
easat-6979	207	27	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	207	28	to	to	PART
easat-6979	207	29	implement	implement	VERB
easat-6979	207	30	a	a	DET
easat-6979	207	31	“	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	207	32	one	one	NUM
easat-6979	207	33	stop	stop	VERB
easat-6979	207	34	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	207	35	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	207	36	”	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	207	37	at	at	ADP
easat-6979	207	38	the	the	DET
easat-6979	207	39	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	207	40	bao	bao	PROPN
easat-6979	207	41	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	207	42	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	207	43	checkpoint	checkpoint	NOUN
easat-6979	207	44	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	207	45	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-6979	207	46	’s	’s	PART
easat-6979	207	47	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	207	48	bao	bao	PROPN
easat-6979	207	49	special	special	ADJ
easat-6979	207	50	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	207	51	zone	zone	NOUN
easat-6979	207	52	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	207	53	sez	sez	NOUN
easat-6979	207	54	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	207	55	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	207	56	the	the	DET
easat-6979	207	57	dansavanh	dansavanh	ADJ
easat-6979	207	58	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	207	59	checkpoint	checkpoint	NOUN
easat-6979	207	60	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	207	61	the	the	DET
easat-6979	207	62	dansavanh	dansavanh	ADJ
easat-6979	207	63	sez	sez	NOUN
easat-6979	207	64	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	207	65	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	207	66	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	207	67	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	208	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	208	2	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	208	3	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	208	4	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	208	5	entry	entry	NOUN
easat-6979	208	6	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	208	7	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	208	8	introduced	introduce	VERB
easat-6979	208	9	an	an	DET
easat-6979	208	10	e	e	ADJ
easat-6979	208	11	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	208	12	customs	customs	ADJ
easat-6979	208	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	208	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	208	15	a	a	DET
easat-6979	208	16	common	common	ADJ
easat-6979	208	17	control	control	NOUN
easat-6979	208	18	area	area	NOUN
easat-6979	208	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	208	20	cca	cca	PROPN
easat-6979	208	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	208	22	to	to	PART
easat-6979	208	23	improve	improve	VERB
easat-6979	208	24	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	208	25	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	208	26	'	'	PART
easat-6979	208	27	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	208	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	208	29	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-6979	208	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	208	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	208	32	time	time	NOUN
easat-6979	208	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	209	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	209	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
easat-6979	209	3	investigated	investigate	VERB
easat-6979	209	4	the	the	DET
easat-6979	209	5	one	one	NUM
easat-6979	209	6	stop	stop	NOUN
easat-6979	209	7	service	service	NOUN
easat-6979	209	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	209	9	oss	oss	NOUN
easat-6979	209	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	209	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-6979	209	12	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	209	13	a	a	DET
easat-6979	209	14	possible	possible	ADJ
easat-6979	209	15	guideline	guideline	NOUN
easat-6979	209	16	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	209	17	the	the	DET
easat-6979	209	18	joint	joint	ADJ
easat-6979	209	19	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	209	20	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	209	21	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	209	22	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	209	23	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	209	24	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	209	25	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	209	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	209	27	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	209	28	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	210	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	210	2	14	14	NUM
easat-6979	210	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	210	4	15	15	NUM
easat-6979	210	5	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	210	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	211	1	officially	officially	ADV
easat-6979	211	2	commenced	commence	VERB
easat-6979	211	3	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	211	4	14	14	NUM
easat-6979	211	5	june	june	PROPN
easat-6979	211	6	2019	2019	NUM
easat-6979	211	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	211	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	211	9	oss	oss	NOUN
easat-6979	211	10	integrates	integrate	VERB
easat-6979	211	11	document	document	NOUN
easat-6979	211	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	211	13	related	relate	VERB
easat-6979	211	14	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	211	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	211	16	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	211	17	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	211	18	a	a	DET
easat-6979	211	19	spatial	spatial	ADJ
easat-6979	211	20	context	context	NOUN
easat-6979	211	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	212	1	https://vcust.gov.la/	https://vcust.gov.la/	PROPN
easat-6979	212	2	651	651	NUM
easat-6979	212	3	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	212	4	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	212	5	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	212	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	212	7	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	212	8	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	212	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	212	10	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	212	11	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	212	12	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	212	13	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	212	14	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	213	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	213	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	213	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	213	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	213	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	213	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	213	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	213	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	213	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	213	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	213	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	213	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	213	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	213	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	213	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	213	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	213	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	213	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	213	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	213	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	213	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	213	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-6979	213	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	213	24	5.13	5.13	NUM
easat-6979	213	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	214	1	greater	great	ADJ
easat-6979	214	2	mekong	mekong	NOUN
easat-6979	214	3	subregion	subregion	NOUN
easat-6979	214	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	214	5	gms	gms	NOUN
easat-6979	214	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	214	7	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	214	8	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	214	9	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	214	10	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	214	11	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	214	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	214	13	cbta	cbta	PROPN
easat-6979	214	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	214	15	the	the	DET
easat-6979	214	16	common	common	ADJ
easat-6979	214	17	control	control	NOUN
easat-6979	214	18	area	area	NOUN
easat-6979	214	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	214	20	cca	cca	PROPN
easat-6979	214	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	214	22	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
easat-6979	214	23	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	214	24	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	214	25	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	214	26	transportation	transportation	NOUN
easat-6979	214	27	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	214	28	passengers	passenger	NOUN
easat-6979	214	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	214	30	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	214	31	under	under	ADP
easat-6979	214	32	the	the	DET
easat-6979	214	33	greater	great	ADJ
easat-6979	214	34	mekong	mekong	NOUN
easat-6979	214	35	subregion	subregion	NOUN
easat-6979	214	36	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	214	37	gms	gms	NOUN
easat-6979	214	38	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	214	39	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	214	40	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	214	41	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	214	42	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	214	43	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	214	44	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	214	45	cbta	cbta	NOUN
easat-6979	214	46	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	214	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	215	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	215	2	arrangement	arrangement	NOUN
easat-6979	215	3	streamlines	streamline	NOUN
easat-6979	215	4	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	215	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	215	6	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	215	7	processes	process	NOUN
easat-6979	215	8	at	at	ADP
easat-6979	215	9	a	a	DET
easat-6979	215	10	point	point	NOUN
easat-6979	215	11	where	where	SCONJ
easat-6979	215	12	both	both	DET
easat-6979	215	13	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	215	14	officially	officially	ADV
easat-6979	215	15	conduct	conduct	VERB
easat-6979	215	16	checks	check	NOUN
easat-6979	215	17	jointly	jointly	ADV
easat-6979	215	18	[	[	X
easat-6979	215	19	16	16	NUM
easat-6979	215	20	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	215	21	18	18	NUM
easat-6979	215	22	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	215	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	216	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	216	2	cca	cca	NOUN
easat-6979	216	3	reduces	reduce	VERB
easat-6979	216	4	transportation	transportation	NOUN
easat-6979	216	5	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	216	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	216	7	minimizes	minimizes	ADJ
easat-6979	216	8	delays	delay	NOUN
easat-6979	216	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	216	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	216	11	standardizes	standardize	VERB
easat-6979	216	12	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	216	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	216	14	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	216	15	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	216	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	216	17	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	216	18	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	216	19	'	'	PART
easat-6979	216	20	timely	timely	ADJ
easat-6979	216	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	216	22	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-6979	216	23	movement	movement	NOUN
easat-6979	216	24	across	across	ADP
easat-6979	216	25	borders	border	NOUN
easat-6979	216	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	217	1	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-6979	217	2	the	the	DET
easat-6979	217	3	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	217	4	one	one	NUM
easat-6979	217	5	stop	stop	VERB
easat-6979	217	6	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	217	7	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	217	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	217	9	model	model	NOUN
easat-6979	217	10	at	at	ADP
easat-6979	217	11	the	the	DET
easat-6979	217	12	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	217	13	bao	bao	PROPN
easat-6979	217	14	international	international	PROPN
easat-6979	217	15	checkpoint	checkpoint	NOUN
easat-6979	217	16	has	have	AUX
easat-6979	217	17	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-6979	217	18	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-6979	217	19	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-6979	217	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	218	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	218	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-6979	218	3	has	have	AUX
easat-6979	218	4	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
easat-6979	218	5	smoother	smooth	ADJ
easat-6979	218	6	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	218	7	exchanges	exchange	NOUN
easat-6979	218	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	218	9	bolstered	bolster	VERB
easat-6979	218	10	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	218	11	development	development	NOUN
easat-6979	218	12	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	218	13	citizens	citizen	NOUN
easat-6979	218	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	218	15	businesses	business	NOUN
easat-6979	218	16	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	218	17	both	both	DET
easat-6979	218	18	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	218	19	[	[	X
easat-6979	218	20	19	19	NUM
easat-6979	218	21	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	218	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	219	1	key	key	ADJ
easat-6979	219	2	achievements	achievement	NOUN
easat-6979	219	3	include	include	VERB
easat-6979	219	4	resolving	resolve	VERB
easat-6979	219	5	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	219	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	219	7	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
easat-6979	219	8	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	219	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	219	10	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-6979	219	11	human	human	ADJ
easat-6979	219	12	resource	resource	NOUN
easat-6979	219	13	capabilities	capability	NOUN
easat-6979	219	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	220	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	220	2	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	220	3	bao	bao	PROPN
easat-6979	220	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	220	5	dansavanh	dansavanh	ADJ
easat-6979	220	6	checkpoints	checkpoint	NOUN
easat-6979	220	7	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	220	8	now	now	ADV
easat-6979	220	9	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-6979	220	10	gateways	gateway	NOUN
easat-6979	220	11	within	within	ADP
easat-6979	220	12	the	the	DET
easat-6979	220	13	east	east	PROPN
easat-6979	220	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	220	15	west	west	PROPN
easat-6979	220	16	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	220	17	corridor	corridor	NOUN
easat-6979	220	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	220	19	underscoring	underscore	VERB
easat-6979	220	20	their	their	PRON
easat-6979	220	21	strategic	strategic	ADJ
easat-6979	220	22	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-6979	220	23	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	220	24	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	220	25	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	220	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	221	1	6	6	X
easat-6979	221	2	.	.	X
easat-6979	221	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
easat-6979	221	4	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	221	5	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	221	6	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	221	7	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	221	8	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	221	9	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	221	10	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	221	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	221	12	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	221	13	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	221	14	present	present	ADJ
easat-6979	221	15	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
easat-6979	221	16	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	221	17	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	221	18	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-6979	221	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	221	20	bilateral	bilateral	ADJ
easat-6979	221	21	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
easat-6979	221	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	221	23	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	221	24	licensing	licensing	NOUN
easat-6979	221	25	rules	rule	NOUN
easat-6979	221	26	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	221	27	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	221	28	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	221	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	221	30	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	221	31	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	221	32	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	221	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	221	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	221	35	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	221	36	regulation	regulation	NOUN
easat-6979	221	37	laws	law	NOUN
easat-6979	221	38	being	be	AUX
easat-6979	221	39	the	the	DET
easat-6979	221	40	main	main	ADJ
easat-6979	221	41	domestic	domestic	ADJ
easat-6979	221	42	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	221	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	222	1	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
easat-6979	222	2	efforts	effort	NOUN
easat-6979	222	3	could	could	AUX
easat-6979	222	4	address	address	VERB
easat-6979	222	5	redundancies	redundancy	NOUN
easat-6979	222	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	222	7	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
easat-6979	222	8	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	222	9	establishing	establish	VERB
easat-6979	222	10	a	a	DET
easat-6979	222	11	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-6979	222	12	joint	joint	ADJ
easat-6979	222	13	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	222	14	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	222	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	223	1	such	such	DET
easat-6979	223	2	a	a	DET
easat-6979	223	3	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	223	4	would	would	AUX
easat-6979	223	5	harmonize	harmonize	VERB
easat-6979	223	6	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	223	7	protocols	protocol	NOUN
easat-6979	223	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	223	9	streamline	streamline	VERB
easat-6979	223	10	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	223	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	223	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	223	13	improve	improve	VERB
easat-6979	223	14	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-6979	223	15	processes	process	NOUN
easat-6979	223	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	224	1	currently	currently	ADV
easat-6979	224	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	224	3	the	the	DET
easat-6979	224	4	customs	customs	NOUN
easat-6979	224	5	processes	process	NOUN
easat-6979	224	6	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	224	7	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	224	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	224	9	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	224	10	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	224	11	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	224	12	independently	independently	ADV
easat-6979	224	13	operated	operate	VERB
easat-6979	224	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	224	15	albeit	albeit	SCONJ
easat-6979	224	16	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	224	17	document	document	NOUN
easat-6979	224	18	exchanges	exchange	NOUN
easat-6979	224	19	via	via	ADP
easat-6979	224	20	the	the	DET
easat-6979	224	21	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	224	22	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	224	23	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	224	24	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	224	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	224	26	resulting	result	VERB
easat-6979	224	27	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	224	28	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-6979	224	29	verification	verification	NOUN
easat-6979	224	30	efforts	effort	NOUN
easat-6979	224	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	225	1	this	this	PRON
easat-6979	225	2	also	also	ADV
easat-6979	225	3	leads	lead	VERB
easat-6979	225	4	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	225	5	latency	latency	NOUN
easat-6979	225	6	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	225	7	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	225	8	clearances	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	225	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	225	10	increased	increase	VERB
easat-6979	225	11	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	225	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	225	13	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	225	14	the	the	DET
easat-6979	225	15	detriment	detriment	NOUN
easat-6979	225	16	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	225	17	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	225	18	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	225	19	operators	operator	NOUN
easat-6979	225	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	226	1	harmonization	harmonization	NOUN
easat-6979	226	2	protocols	protocol	NOUN
easat-6979	226	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	226	4	joint	joint	ADJ
easat-6979	226	5	inspection	inspection	NOUN
easat-6979	226	6	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	226	7	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	226	8	needed	need	VERB
easat-6979	226	9	to	to	PART
easat-6979	226	10	resolve	resolve	VERB
easat-6979	226	11	such	such	ADJ
easat-6979	226	12	problems	problem	NOUN
easat-6979	226	13	while	while	SCONJ
easat-6979	226	14	respecting	respect	VERB
easat-6979	226	15	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	226	16	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN
easat-6979	226	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	226	18	security	security	NOUN
easat-6979	226	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	227	1	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-6979	227	2	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	227	3	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	227	4	requires	require	VERB
easat-6979	227	5	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-6979	227	6	alignment	alignment	NOUN
easat-6979	227	7	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	227	8	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	227	9	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	227	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	227	11	streamlined	streamline	VERB
easat-6979	227	12	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	227	13	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-6979	227	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	227	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	227	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	227	17	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	227	18	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	227	19	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	227	20	like	like	ADP
easat-6979	227	21	the	the	DET
easat-6979	227	22	afafgit	afafgit	ADJ
easat-6979	227	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	227	24	the	the	DET
easat-6979	227	25	asw	asw	PROPN
easat-6979	227	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	228	1	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	228	2	addressing	address	VERB
easat-6979	228	3	these	these	DET
easat-6979	228	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-6979	228	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	228	6	this	this	DET
easat-6979	228	7	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	228	8	aims	aim	VERB
easat-6979	228	9	to	to	PART
easat-6979	228	10	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-6979	228	11	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	228	12	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	228	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	228	14	foster	foster	ADJ
easat-6979	228	15	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	228	16	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	228	17	within	within	ADP
easat-6979	228	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	228	19	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	228	20	region	region	NOUN
easat-6979	228	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	229	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	229	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-6979	229	3	contribute	contribute	VERB
easat-6979	229	4	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	229	5	creating	create	VERB
easat-6979	229	6	a	a	DET
easat-6979	229	7	more	more	ADV
easat-6979	229	8	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-6979	229	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	229	10	harmonized	harmonized	ADJ
easat-6979	229	11	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	229	12	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	229	13	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	229	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	229	15	benefiting	benefit	VERB
easat-6979	229	16	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
easat-6979	229	17	across	across	ADP
easat-6979	229	18	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	229	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	229	20	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	229	21	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	229	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	229	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	229	24	the	the	DET
easat-6979	229	25	broader	broad	ADJ
easat-6979	229	26	region	region	NOUN
easat-6979	229	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	230	1	7	7	X
easat-6979	230	2	.	.	X
easat-6979	230	3	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
easat-6979	230	4	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-6979	230	5	entities	entity	NOUN
easat-6979	230	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	230	7	including	include	VERB
easat-6979	230	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	230	9	department	department	NOUN
easat-6979	230	10	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	230	11	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	230	12	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	230	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	230	14	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	230	15	department	department	NOUN
easat-6979	230	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	230	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	230	18	ministry	ministry	PROPN
easat-6979	230	19	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	230	20	foreign	foreign	PROPN
easat-6979	230	21	affairs	affair	NOUN
easat-6979	230	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	230	23	should	should	AUX
easat-6979	230	24	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
easat-6979	230	25	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	230	26	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
easat-6979	230	27	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	230	28	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	230	29	protocols	protocol	NOUN
easat-6979	230	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	231	1	this	this	PRON
easat-6979	231	2	includes	include	VERB
easat-6979	231	3	designated	designate	VERB
easat-6979	231	4	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	231	5	stations	station	NOUN
easat-6979	231	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	231	7	transfer	transfer	VERB
easat-6979	231	8	points	point	NOUN
easat-6979	231	9	to	to	PART
easat-6979	231	10	support	support	VERB
easat-6979	231	11	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	231	12	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	231	13	transportation	transportation	NOUN
easat-6979	231	14	under	under	ADP
easat-6979	231	15	a	a	DET
easat-6979	231	16	common	common	ADJ
easat-6979	231	17	control	control	NOUN
easat-6979	231	18	area	area	NOUN
easat-6979	231	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	231	20	cca	cca	NOUN
easat-6979	231	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	231	22	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	231	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	232	1	efforts	effort	NOUN
easat-6979	232	2	should	should	AUX
easat-6979	232	3	also	also	ADV
easat-6979	232	4	prioritize	prioritize	VERB
easat-6979	232	5	upgrading	upgrade	VERB
easat-6979	232	6	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	232	7	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	232	8	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-6979	232	9	to	to	PART
easat-6979	232	10	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-6979	232	11	smoother	smooth	ADJ
easat-6979	232	12	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	232	13	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	232	14	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	232	15	operations	operation	NOUN
easat-6979	232	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	233	1	simplify	simplify	VERB
easat-6979	233	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	233	3	standardize	standardize	VERB
easat-6979	233	4	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-6979	233	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	233	6	procedural	procedural	ADJ
easat-6979	233	7	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	233	8	to	to	PART
easat-6979	233	9	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
easat-6979	233	10	redundancies	redundancy	NOUN
easat-6979	233	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	233	12	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-6979	233	13	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-6979	233	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	234	1	advance	advance	VERB
easat-6979	234	2	the	the	DET
easat-6979	234	3	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-6979	234	4	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	234	5	electronic	electronic	ADJ
easat-6979	234	6	data	datum	NOUN
easat-6979	234	7	exchanges	exchange	NOUN
easat-6979	234	8	via	via	ADP
easat-6979	234	9	the	the	DET
easat-6979	234	10	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	234	11	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	234	12	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	234	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	234	14	asw	asw	PROPN
easat-6979	234	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	234	16	while	while	SCONJ
easat-6979	234	17	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	234	18	personnel	personnel	NOUN
easat-6979	234	19	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	234	20	both	both	DET
easat-6979	234	21	nations	nation	NOUN
easat-6979	234	22	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	234	23	trained	train	VERB
easat-6979	234	24	to	to	PART
easat-6979	234	25	use	use	VERB
easat-6979	234	26	edi	edi	NOUN
easat-6979	234	27	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	234	28	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-6979	234	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	235	1	collaborate	collaborate	VERB
easat-6979	235	2	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	235	3	developing	develop	VERB
easat-6979	235	4	a	a	DET
easat-6979	235	5	national	national	ADJ
easat-6979	235	6	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	235	7	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	235	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	235	9	nsw	nsw	NOUN
easat-6979	235	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	235	11	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	235	12	to	to	PART
easat-6979	235	13	link	link	VERB
easat-6979	235	14	seamlessly	seamlessly	ADV
easat-6979	235	15	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	235	16	other	other	ADJ
easat-6979	235	17	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-6979	235	18	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	235	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	235	20	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-6979	235	21	customs	custom	NOUN
easat-6979	235	22	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-6979	235	23	times	time	NOUN
easat-6979	235	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	235	25	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-6979	235	26	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	235	27	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	235	28	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	235	29	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	235	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	236	1	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	236	2	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-6979	236	3	these	these	DET
easat-6979	236	4	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
easat-6979	236	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	236	6	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
easat-6979	236	7	can	can	AUX
easat-6979	236	8	create	create	VERB
easat-6979	236	9	a	a	DET
easat-6979	236	10	more	more	ADV
easat-6979	236	11	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-6979	236	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	236	13	transparent	transparent	ADJ
easat-6979	236	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	236	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	236	16	secure	secure	VERB
easat-6979	236	17	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	236	18	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	236	19	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	236	20	that	that	PRON
easat-6979	236	21	supports	support	VERB
easat-6979	236	22	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	236	23	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	236	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	236	25	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-6979	236	26	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-6979	236	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	237	1	funding	funding	NOUN
easat-6979	237	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	237	3	this	this	DET
easat-6979	237	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	237	5	was	be	AUX
easat-6979	237	6	generously	generously	ADV
easat-6979	237	7	supported	support	VERB
easat-6979	237	8	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	237	9	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	237	10	’s	’s	PART
easat-6979	237	11	national	national	PROPN
easat-6979	237	12	science	science	PROPN
easat-6979	237	13	research	research	PROPN
easat-6979	237	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	237	15	innovation	innovation	NOUN
easat-6979	237	16	fund	fund	NOUN
easat-6979	237	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	237	18	nsrf	nsrf	NOUN
easat-6979	237	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	237	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	237	21	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
easat-6979	237	22	year	year	NOUN
easat-6979	237	23	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	237	24	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	237	25	2566	2566	NUM
easat-6979	237	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	237	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	237	28	khon	khon	PROPN
easat-6979	237	29	kaen	kaen	PROPN
easat-6979	237	30	university	university	PROPN
easat-6979	237	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	237	32	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	237	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	238	1	652	652	NUM
easat-6979	238	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	238	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	238	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	238	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	238	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	238	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	238	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	238	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	238	10	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	238	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	238	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	238	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	239	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	239	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	239	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	239	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	239	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	239	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	239	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	239	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	239	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	239	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	239	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	239	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	239	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	239	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	239	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	239	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	239	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	239	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	239	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	239	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	239	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	239	22	learning	learn	VERB
easat-6979	239	23	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-6979	239	24	institutional	institutional	PROPN
easat-6979	239	25	review	review	PROPN
easat-6979	239	26	board	board	NOUN
easat-6979	239	27	statement	statement	NOUN
easat-6979	239	28	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	239	29	this	this	DET
easat-6979	239	30	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	239	31	received	receive	VERB
easat-6979	239	32	approval	approval	NOUN
easat-6979	239	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	239	34	ethics	ethic	NOUN
easat-6979	239	35	clearance	clearance	NOUN
easat-6979	239	36	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	239	37	certificate	certificate	NOUN
easat-6979	239	38	no	no	PRON
easat-6979	239	39	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	239	40	he663007	he663007	PROPN
easat-6979	239	41	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	239	42	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	239	43	the	the	DET
easat-6979	239	44	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	239	45	ethics	ethic	NOUN
easat-6979	239	46	committee	committee	PROPN
easat-6979	239	47	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	239	48	human	human	ADJ
easat-6979	239	49	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	239	50	based	base	VERB
easat-6979	239	51	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	239	52	the	the	DET
easat-6979	239	53	belmont	belmont	PROPN
easat-6979	239	54	report	report	NOUN
easat-6979	239	55	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	239	56	gcp	gcp	NOUN
easat-6979	239	57	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	239	58	social	social	ADJ
easat-6979	239	59	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	239	60	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
easat-6979	239	61	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	239	62	before	before	ADP
easat-6979	239	63	engaging	engage	VERB
easat-6979	239	64	experts	expert	NOUN
easat-6979	239	65	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	239	66	the	the	DET
easat-6979	239	67	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
easat-6979	239	68	design	design	NOUN
easat-6979	239	69	process	process	NOUN
easat-6979	239	70	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	240	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-6979	240	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	240	3	adherence	adherence	NOUN
easat-6979	240	4	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	240	5	the	the	DET
easat-6979	240	6	principles	principle	NOUN
easat-6979	240	7	outlined	outline	VERB
easat-6979	240	8	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	240	9	the	the	DET
easat-6979	240	10	declaration	declaration	NOUN
easat-6979	240	11	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	240	12	helsinki	helsinki	PROPN
easat-6979	240	13	was	be	AUX
easat-6979	240	14	ensured	ensure	VERB
easat-6979	240	15	throughout	throughout	ADP
easat-6979	240	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	240	17	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	240	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	241	1	informed	inform	VERB
easat-6979	241	2	consent	consent	NOUN
easat-6979	241	3	forms	form	NOUN
easat-6979	241	4	were	be	AUX
easat-6979	241	5	provided	provide	VERB
easat-6979	241	6	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	241	7	all	all	DET
easat-6979	241	8	experts	expert	NOUN
easat-6979	241	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	241	10	members	member	NOUN
easat-6979	241	11	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	241	12	the	the	DET
easat-6979	241	13	pilot	pilot	NOUN
easat-6979	241	14	survey	survey	NOUN
easat-6979	241	15	group	group	NOUN
easat-6979	241	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	241	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	241	18	primary	primary	ADJ
easat-6979	241	19	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	241	20	respondents	respondent	NOUN
easat-6979	241	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	241	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	241	23	their	their	PRON
easat-6979	241	24	signatures	signature	NOUN
easat-6979	241	25	were	be	AUX
easat-6979	241	26	obtained	obtain	VERB
easat-6979	241	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	242	1	measures	measure	NOUN
easat-6979	242	2	were	be	AUX
easat-6979	242	3	taken	take	VERB
easat-6979	242	4	to	to	PART
easat-6979	242	5	maintain	maintain	VERB
easat-6979	242	6	the	the	DET
easat-6979	242	7	anonymity	anonymity	NOUN
easat-6979	242	8	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	242	9	participants	participant	NOUN
easat-6979	242	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	242	11	with	with	SCONJ
easat-6979	242	12	assurances	assurance	NOUN
easat-6979	242	13	provided	provide	VERB
easat-6979	242	14	that	that	SCONJ
easat-6979	242	15	no	no	DET
easat-6979	242	16	private	private	ADJ
easat-6979	242	17	information	information	NOUN
easat-6979	242	18	would	would	AUX
easat-6979	242	19	be	be	AUX
easat-6979	242	20	disclosed	disclose	VERB
easat-6979	242	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	243	1	transparency	transparency	NOUN
easat-6979	243	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	243	3	the	the	DET
easat-6979	243	4	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	243	5	confirm	confirm	VERB
easat-6979	243	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-6979	243	7	the	the	DET
easat-6979	243	8	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
easat-6979	243	9	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	243	10	an	an	DET
easat-6979	243	11	honest	honest	ADJ
easat-6979	243	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	243	13	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-6979	243	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	243	15	transparent	transparent	ADJ
easat-6979	243	16	account	account	NOUN
easat-6979	243	17	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	243	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	243	19	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	243	20	that	that	SCONJ
easat-6979	243	21	no	no	DET
easat-6979	243	22	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-6979	243	23	features	feature	NOUN
easat-6979	243	24	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	243	25	the	the	DET
easat-6979	243	26	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	243	27	have	have	AUX
easat-6979	243	28	been	be	AUX
easat-6979	243	29	omitted	omit	VERB
easat-6979	243	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	243	31	that	that	SCONJ
easat-6979	243	32	any	any	DET
easat-6979	243	33	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-6979	243	34	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	243	35	the	the	DET
easat-6979	243	36	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	243	37	as	as	SCONJ
easat-6979	243	38	planned	plan	VERB
easat-6979	243	39	have	have	AUX
easat-6979	243	40	been	be	AUX
easat-6979	243	41	explained	explain	VERB
easat-6979	243	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	244	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	244	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	244	3	followed	follow	VERB
easat-6979	244	4	all	all	DET
easat-6979	244	5	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-6979	244	6	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-6979	244	7	during	during	ADP
easat-6979	244	8	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-6979	244	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	245	1	competing	compete	VERB
easat-6979	245	2	interests	interest	NOUN
easat-6979	245	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	245	4	the	the	DET
easat-6979	245	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	245	6	declare	declare	VERB
easat-6979	245	7	that	that	SCONJ
easat-6979	245	8	they	they	PRON
easat-6979	245	9	have	have	VERB
easat-6979	245	10	no	no	DET
easat-6979	245	11	competing	compete	VERB
easat-6979	245	12	interests	interest	NOUN
easat-6979	245	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	246	1	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	246	2	’	'	PUNCT
easat-6979	246	3	contributions	contribution	NOUN
easat-6979	246	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	246	5	all	all	DET
easat-6979	246	6	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	246	7	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-6979	246	8	equally	equally	ADV
easat-6979	246	9	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	246	10	the	the	DET
easat-6979	246	11	conception	conception	NOUN
easat-6979	246	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	246	13	design	design	NOUN
easat-6979	246	14	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	246	15	the	the	DET
easat-6979	246	16	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	246	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	247	1	all	all	DET
easat-6979	247	2	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	247	3	have	have	AUX
easat-6979	247	4	read	read	VERB
easat-6979	247	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	247	6	agreed	agree	VERB
easat-6979	247	7	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	247	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	247	9	published	publish	VERB
easat-6979	247	10	version	version	NOUN
easat-6979	247	11	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	247	12	the	the	DET
easat-6979	247	13	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
easat-6979	247	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	248	1	acknowledgments	acknowledgment	NOUN
easat-6979	248	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	248	3	the	the	DET
easat-6979	248	4	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	248	5	would	would	AUX
easat-6979	248	6	like	like	VERB
easat-6979	248	7	to	to	PART
easat-6979	248	8	thank	thank	VERB
easat-6979	248	9	the	the	DET
easat-6979	248	10	department	department	NOUN
easat-6979	248	11	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	248	12	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	248	13	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	248	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	248	15	nong	nong	PROPN
easat-6979	248	16	khai	khai	PROPN
easat-6979	248	17	railway	railway	PROPN
easat-6979	248	18	station	station	PROPN
easat-6979	248	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	248	20	the	the	DET
easat-6979	248	21	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	248	22	department	department	PROPN
easat-6979	248	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	248	24	nong	nong	PROPN
easat-6979	248	25	khai	khai	PROPN
easat-6979	248	26	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	248	27	office	office	PROPN
easat-6979	248	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	248	29	mae	mae	PROPN
easat-6979	248	30	sai	sai	PROPN
easat-6979	248	31	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	248	32	house	house	PROPN
easat-6979	248	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	248	34	the	the	DET
easat-6979	248	35	ministry	ministry	PROPN
easat-6979	248	36	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	248	37	public	public	ADJ
easat-6979	248	38	works	work	NOUN
easat-6979	248	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	248	40	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	248	41	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	248	42	the	the	DET
easat-6979	248	43	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	248	44	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	248	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	248	46	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	248	47	thanaleng	thanaleng	NOUN
easat-6979	248	48	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	248	49	station	station	NOUN
easat-6979	248	50	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	248	51	the	the	DET
easat-6979	248	52	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	248	53	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	248	54	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	248	55	their	their	PRON
easat-6979	248	56	invaluable	invaluable	ADJ
easat-6979	248	57	support	support	NOUN
easat-6979	248	58	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	249	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	249	2	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	249	3	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	249	4	also	also	ADV
easat-6979	249	5	deeply	deeply	ADV
easat-6979	249	6	thankful	thankful	ADJ
easat-6979	249	7	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	249	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	249	9	volunteers	volunteer	NOUN
easat-6979	249	10	who	who	PRON
easat-6979	249	11	participated	participate	VERB
easat-6979	249	12	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	249	13	the	the	DET
easat-6979	249	14	indepth	indepth	ADJ
easat-6979	249	15	interviews	interview	NOUN
easat-6979	249	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	249	17	offered	offer	VERB
easat-6979	249	18	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-6979	249	19	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
easat-6979	249	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	249	21	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-6979	249	22	contributing	contribute	VERB
easat-6979	249	23	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	249	24	this	this	DET
easat-6979	249	25	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	249	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	250	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	250	2	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-6979	250	3	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	250	4	this	this	DET
easat-6979	250	5	study	study	NOUN
easat-6979	250	6	are	be	AUX
easat-6979	250	7	dedicated	dedicate	VERB
easat-6979	250	8	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	250	9	the	the	DET
easat-6979	250	10	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-6979	250	11	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	250	12	nong	nong	PROPN
easat-6979	250	13	khai	khai	PROPN
easat-6979	250	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	250	15	khon	khon	PROPN
easat-6979	250	16	kaen	kaen	PROPN
easat-6979	250	17	university	university	PROPN
easat-6979	250	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	250	19	which	which	PRON
easat-6979	250	20	continue	continue	VERB
easat-6979	250	21	to	to	PART
easat-6979	250	22	serve	serve	VERB
easat-6979	250	23	as	as	ADP
easat-6979	250	24	pillars	pillar	NOUN
easat-6979	250	25	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	250	26	education	education	NOUN
easat-6979	250	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	250	28	progress	progress	NOUN
easat-6979	250	29	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	250	30	northeastern	northeastern	ADJ
easat-6979	250	31	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	250	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	251	1	the	the	DET
easat-6979	251	2	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	251	3	would	would	AUX
easat-6979	251	4	like	like	VERB
easat-6979	251	5	to	to	PART
easat-6979	251	6	thank	thank	VERB
easat-6979	251	7	ajarn	ajarn	VERB
easat-6979	251	8	charlie	charlie	NOUN
easat-6979	251	9	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	251	10	his	his	PRON
easat-6979	251	11	thai	thai	NOUN
easat-6979	251	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	251	13	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	251	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	251	15	english	english	ADJ
easat-6979	251	16	translation	translation	NOUN
easat-6979	251	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	251	18	english	english	ADJ
easat-6979	251	19	language	language	NOUN
easat-6979	251	20	editing	edit	VERB
easat-6979	251	21	support	support	NOUN
easat-6979	251	22	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	251	23	the	the	DET
easat-6979	251	24	manuscripts	manuscript	NOUN
easat-6979	251	25	copyright	copyright	NOUN
easat-6979	251	26	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	251	27	©	©	PROPN
easat-6979	251	28	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	251	29	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	251	30	the	the	DET
easat-6979	251	31	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	251	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	252	1	this	this	DET
easat-6979	252	2	article	article	NOUN
easat-6979	252	3	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	252	4	an	an	DET
easat-6979	252	5	open	open	ADJ
easat-6979	252	6	access	access	NOUN
easat-6979	252	7	article	article	NOUN
easat-6979	252	8	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-6979	252	9	under	under	ADP
easat-6979	252	10	the	the	DET
easat-6979	252	11	terms	term	NOUN
easat-6979	252	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	252	13	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-6979	252	14	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	252	15	the	the	DET
easat-6979	252	16	creative	creative	ADJ
easat-6979	252	17	commons	common	NOUN
easat-6979	252	18	attribution	attribution	NOUN
easat-6979	252	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	252	20	cc	cc	NOUN
easat-6979	252	21	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	252	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	252	23	license	license	NOUN
easat-6979	252	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	252	25	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-6979	252	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	252	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	1	references	reference	NOUN
easat-6979	253	2	[	[	X
easat-6979	253	3	1	1	NUM
easat-6979	253	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	5	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-6979	253	6	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-6979	253	7	nugroho	nugroho	PROPN
easat-6979	253	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	9	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-6979	253	10	i.	i.	PROPN
easat-6979	253	11	ma’ruf	ma’ruf	PROPN
easat-6979	253	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	13	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-6979	253	14	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-6979	253	15	nasir	nasir	PROPN
easat-6979	253	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	17	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-6979	253	18	fekete	fekete	PROPN
easat-6979	253	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	20	farkas	farkas	PROPN
easat-6979	253	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	253	23	z.	z.	PROPN
easat-6979	253	24	lakner	lakner	NOUN
easat-6979	253	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	27	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-6979	253	28	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	253	29	global	global	ADJ
easat-6979	253	30	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	253	31	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	253	32	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	253	33	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-6979	253	34	producer	producer	NOUN
easat-6979	253	35	prices	price	NOUN
easat-6979	253	36	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	253	37	asian	asian	ADJ
easat-6979	253	38	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	253	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	40	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	41	heliyon	heliyon	NOUN
easat-6979	253	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	253	43	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	253	44	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	254	1	10	10	NUM
easat-6979	254	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	254	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	254	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	254	5	2	2	NUM
easat-6979	254	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	254	7	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-6979	254	8	e24635	e24635	PROPN
easat-6979	254	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	254	10	2024	2024	NUM
easat-6979	254	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	254	12	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24635	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24635	X
easat-6979	255	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	255	2	2	2	NUM
easat-6979	255	3	]	]	X
easat-6979	255	4	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-6979	255	5	vanhnalat	vanhnalat	PROPN
easat-6979	255	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	255	7	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-6979	255	8	phonvisay	phonvisay	PROPN
easat-6979	255	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	255	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	255	11	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-6979	255	12	sengsourivong	sengsourivong	PROPN
easat-6979	255	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	255	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	255	15	assessment	assessment	NOUN
easat-6979	255	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	255	17	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-6979	255	18	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	255	19	free	free	ADJ
easat-6979	255	20	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	255	21	agreements	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	255	22	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	255	23	exports	export	NOUN
easat-6979	255	24	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	255	25	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	255	26	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	255	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	255	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	255	29	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	255	30	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-6979	255	31	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	255	32	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-6979	255	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	255	34	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-6979	255	35	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	255	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	255	37	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	255	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	256	1	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	256	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	256	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	256	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	256	5	2	2	NUM
easat-6979	256	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	256	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-6979	256	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	257	1	365–376	365–376	NUM
easat-6979	257	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	257	3	2015	2015	NUM
easat-6979	257	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	258	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	258	2	3	3	NUM
easat-6979	258	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	258	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-6979	258	5	seehawattana	seehawattana	PROPN
easat-6979	258	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	258	7	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-6979	258	8	weeraphan	weeraphan	PROPN
easat-6979	258	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	258	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	258	11	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-6979	258	12	kumtrai	kumtrai	PROPN
easat-6979	258	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	258	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	258	15	bridging	bridge	VERB
easat-6979	258	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	258	17	divide	divide	NOUN
easat-6979	258	18	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	258	19	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	258	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	258	21	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-6979	258	22	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	258	23	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	258	24	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	258	25	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	258	26	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	258	27	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	258	28	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	258	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	258	30	laos	laos	PROPN
easat-6979	258	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	258	32	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	258	33	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-6979	258	34	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	258	35	ecohumanism	ecohumanism	NOUN
easat-6979	258	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	258	37	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	258	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	259	1	3	3	NUM
easat-6979	259	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	259	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	259	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	259	5	8	8	NUM
easat-6979	259	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	259	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-6979	259	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	260	1	2445–2460	2445–2460	NUM
easat-6979	260	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	260	3	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	260	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	1	https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i8.5742	https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i8.5742	VERB
easat-6979	261	2	[	[	X
easat-6979	261	3	4	4	X
easat-6979	261	4	]	]	X
easat-6979	261	5	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-6979	261	6	jeevan	jeevan	PROPN
easat-6979	261	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	9	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	261	10	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	261	11	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	261	12	freight	freight	NOUN
easat-6979	261	13	movement	movement	NOUN
easat-6979	261	14	between	between	ADP
easat-6979	261	15	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	261	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	17	malaysia	malaysia	PROPN
easat-6979	261	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	19	singapore	singapore	PROPN
easat-6979	261	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	21	utilising	utilise	VERB
easat-6979	261	22	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	261	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	24	based	base	VERB
easat-6979	261	25	dry	dry	ADJ
easat-6979	261	26	ports	port	NOUN
easat-6979	261	27	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	261	28	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-6979	261	29	inland	inland	ADJ
easat-6979	261	30	transaction	transaction	NOUN
easat-6979	261	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	32	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	33	pomorstvo	pomorstvo	NOUN
easat-6979	261	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	261	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	261	37	35	35	NUM
easat-6979	261	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	39	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	261	40	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	261	41	2	2	NUM
easat-6979	261	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	261	43	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-6979	261	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	262	1	341	341	NUM
easat-6979	262	2	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	262	3	352	352	NUM
easat-6979	262	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	262	5	2021	2021	NUM
easat-6979	262	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	263	1	https://doi.org/10.31217/p.35.2.16	https://doi.org/10.31217/p.35.2.16	PROPN
easat-6979	264	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	264	2	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	264	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	4	f.	f.	PROPN
easat-6979	264	5	bouchon	bouchon	PROPN
easat-6979	264	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	7	v.	v.	ADP
easat-6979	264	8	wee	wee	PROPN
easat-6979	264	9	eng	eng	PROPN
easat-6979	264	10	lye	lye	NOUN
easat-6979	264	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	264	13	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-6979	264	14	lim	lim	PROPN
easat-6979	264	15	ern	ern	PROPN
easat-6979	264	16	yi	yi	PROPN
easat-6979	264	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	18	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	19	motorist	motorist	NOUN
easat-6979	264	20	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	264	21	crossing	crossing	NOUN
easat-6979	264	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	264	23	road	road	NOUN
easat-6979	264	24	tourism	tourism	NOUN
easat-6979	264	25	development	development	NOUN
easat-6979	264	26	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	264	27	asean	asean	PROPN
easat-6979	264	28	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	29	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-6979	264	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	264	31	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
easat-6979	264	32	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	264	33	seamless	seamless	ADJ
easat-6979	264	34	travel	travel	NOUN
easat-6979	264	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	36	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	37	asia	asia	PROPN
easat-6979	264	38	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	39	pacific	pacific	PROPN
easat-6979	264	40	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-6979	264	41	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	264	42	innovation	innovation	NOUN
easat-6979	264	43	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	264	44	hospitality	hospitality	NOUN
easat-6979	264	45	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	264	46	tourism	tourism	NOUN
easat-6979	264	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	48	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	264	49	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	264	50	10	10	NUM
easat-6979	264	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	52	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	264	53	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	264	54	1	1	NUM
easat-6979	264	55	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	56	pp	pp	PROPN
easat-6979	264	57	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	58	41–59	41–59	NOUN
easat-6979	264	59	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	264	60	2021	2021	NUM
easat-6979	264	61	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	265	1	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-6979	265	2	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24635	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24635	PROPN
easat-6979	265	3	https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i8.5742	https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i8.5742	VERB
easat-6979	265	4	https://doi.org/10.31217/p.35.2.16	https://doi.org/10.31217/p.35.2.16	PROPN
easat-6979	265	5	653	653	NUM
easat-6979	265	6	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	265	7	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	265	8	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	265	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	265	10	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	265	11	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	265	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	265	13	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	265	14	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	265	15	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	265	16	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	265	17	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	266	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	266	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	266	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	266	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	266	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	266	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	266	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	266	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	266	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	266	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	266	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	266	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	266	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	266	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	266	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	266	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	266	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	266	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	266	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	266	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	266	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	266	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-6979	266	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	267	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	267	2	6	6	NUM
easat-6979	267	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	4	o.	o.	NOUN
easat-6979	267	5	buthphorm	buthphorm	NOUN
easat-6979	267	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	7	v.	v.	CCONJ
easat-6979	267	8	sukhotu	sukhotu	NOUN
easat-6979	267	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	267	11	t.	t.	NOUN
easat-6979	267	12	hengsadeekul	hengsadeekul	NOUN
easat-6979	267	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	15	an	an	DET
easat-6979	267	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-6979	267	17	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	267	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	267	19	development	development	NOUN
easat-6979	267	20	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-6979	267	21	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	267	22	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	267	23	freight	freight	NOUN
easat-6979	267	24	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	267	25	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	267	26	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	267	27	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	28	a	a	DET
easat-6979	267	29	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-6979	267	30	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-6979	267	31	modeling	modeling	NOUN
easat-6979	267	32	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-6979	267	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	34	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	35	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-6979	267	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	37	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	267	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	267	39	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	267	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	41	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	267	42	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	267	43	7	7	NUM
easat-6979	267	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	45	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-6979	267	46	102	102	NUM
easat-6979	267	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	267	48	2024	2024	NUM
easat-6979	267	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	268	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9070102	https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9070102	NOUN
easat-6979	268	2	[	[	X
easat-6979	268	3	7	7	X
easat-6979	268	4	]	]	X
easat-6979	268	5	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-6979	268	6	lieophairot	lieophairot	PROPN
easat-6979	268	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	268	8	n.	n.	PROPN
easat-6979	268	9	rojniruttikul	rojniruttikul	PROPN
easat-6979	268	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	268	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	268	12	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-6979	268	13	affecting	affect	VERB
easat-6979	268	14	state	state	NOUN
easat-6979	268	15	railway	railway	NOUN
easat-6979	268	16	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	268	17	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	268	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	268	19	srt	srt	NOUN
easat-6979	268	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	268	21	passenger	passenger	NOUN
easat-6979	268	22	train	train	NOUN
easat-6979	268	23	service	service	NOUN
easat-6979	268	24	use	use	NOUN
easat-6979	268	25	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-6979	268	26	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	268	27	a	a	DET
easat-6979	268	28	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-6979	268	29	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-6979	268	30	model	model	NOUN
easat-6979	268	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	268	32	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	268	33	heliyon	heliyon	NOUN
easat-6979	268	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	268	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	268	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	269	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	269	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	269	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	269	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	269	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	269	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	269	7	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-6979	269	8	e15660	e15660	PROPN
easat-6979	269	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	269	10	2023	2023	NUM
easat-6979	269	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	270	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15660	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15660	PRON
easat-6979	270	2	[	[	X
easat-6979	270	3	8	8	NUM
easat-6979	270	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	270	5	world	world	PROPN
easat-6979	270	6	bank	bank	PROPN
easat-6979	270	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	270	8	from	from	ADP
easat-6979	270	9	landlocked	landlocke	VERB
easat-6979	270	10	to	to	ADP
easat-6979	270	11	land	land	NOUN
easat-6979	270	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	270	13	linked	link	VERB
easat-6979	270	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	270	15	unlocking	unlock	VERB
easat-6979	270	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	270	17	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-6979	270	18	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	270	19	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	270	20	-	-	PROPN
easat-6979	270	21	china	china	PROPN
easat-6979	270	22	rail	rail	NOUN
easat-6979	270	23	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	270	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	271	1	usa	usa	PROPN
easat-6979	271	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	271	3	world	world	PROPN
easat-6979	271	4	bank	bank	PROPN
easat-6979	271	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	271	6	2020	2020	NUM
easat-6979	271	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	272	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	272	2	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	272	3	]	]	SYM
easat-6979	272	4	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	272	5	customs	customs	PROPN
easat-6979	272	6	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	272	7	system	system	NOUN
easat-6979	272	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	272	9	acts	act	NOUN
easat-6979	272	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	272	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	272	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	272	13	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	272	14	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-6979	272	15	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	272	16	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	272	17	the	the	DET
easat-6979	272	18	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
easat-6979	272	19	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	272	20	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	272	21	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	272	22	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	272	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	272	24	afafgit	afafgit	ADJ
easat-6979	272	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	272	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	272	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	272	28	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
easat-6979	272	29	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	272	30	https://tinyurl.com/38pp9zsvacts	https://tinyurl.com/38pp9zsvact	NOUN
easat-6979	272	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	272	32	2019	2019	NUM
easat-6979	272	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	273	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	273	2	10	10	NUM
easat-6979	273	3	]	]	X
easat-6979	273	4	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-6979	273	5	buban	buban	PROPN
easat-6979	273	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	273	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	273	8	integrative	integrative	ADJ
easat-6979	273	9	chapter	chapter	NOUN
easat-6979	273	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	273	11	follow	follow	VERB
easat-6979	273	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	273	13	up	up	ADP
easat-6979	273	14	asean	asean	ADJ
easat-6979	273	15	seamless	seamless	ADJ
easat-6979	273	16	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	273	17	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
easat-6979	273	18	indicators	indicator	NOUN
easat-6979	273	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	273	20	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	273	21	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
easat-6979	273	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	273	23	https://tinyurl.com/3srmh2m6	https://tinyurl.com/3srmh2m6	PRON
easat-6979	273	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	274	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	274	2	accessed	access	VERB
easat-6979	274	3	2023	2023	NUM
easat-6979	274	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	275	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	275	2	11	11	NUM
easat-6979	275	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	275	4	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-6979	275	5	i.	i.	PROPN
easat-6979	275	6	changkui	changkui	PROPN
easat-6979	275	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	275	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	275	9	the	the	DET
easat-6979	275	10	role	role	NOUN
easat-6979	275	11	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	275	12	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-6979	275	13	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
easat-6979	275	14	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	275	15	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-6979	275	16	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	275	17	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
easat-6979	275	18	through	through	ADP
easat-6979	275	19	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	275	20	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	275	21	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	275	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	275	23	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	275	24	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-6979	275	25	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	275	26	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-6979	275	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	275	28	driven	drive	VERB
easat-6979	275	29	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	275	30	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
easat-6979	275	31	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-6979	275	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	275	33	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	275	34	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	275	35	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	275	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	275	37	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	275	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	275	39	2	2	NUM
easat-6979	275	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	275	41	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	275	42	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	275	43	1	1	NUM
easat-6979	275	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	275	45	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-6979	275	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	276	1	1	1	NUM
easat-6979	276	2	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	276	3	20	20	NUM
easat-6979	276	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	276	5	2023	2023	NUM
easat-6979	276	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	277	1	https://doi.org/10.6914/sw.010101	https://doi.org/10.6914/sw.010101	PUNCT
easat-6979	278	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	278	2	12	12	NUM
easat-6979	278	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	278	4	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-6979	278	5	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-6979	278	6	n.	n.	PROPN
easat-6979	278	7	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-6979	278	8	aiqing	aiqing	PROPN
easat-6979	278	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	278	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	278	11	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-6979	278	12	design	design	NOUN
easat-6979	278	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	278	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-6979	278	15	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	278	16	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-6979	278	17	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	278	18	driven	drive	VERB
easat-6979	278	19	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	278	20	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	278	21	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	278	22	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	278	23	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	278	24	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	278	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	278	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	278	27	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-6979	278	28	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	278	29	ai	ai	ADJ
easat-6979	278	30	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	278	31	driven	drive	VERB
easat-6979	278	32	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	278	33	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
easat-6979	278	34	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-6979	278	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	278	36	single	single	ADJ
easat-6979	278	37	window	window	NOUN
easat-6979	278	38	systems	system	NOUN
easat-6979	278	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	278	40	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	278	41	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	279	1	2	2	NUM
easat-6979	279	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	279	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	279	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	279	5	1	1	NUM
easat-6979	279	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	279	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-6979	279	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	280	1	21	21	NUM
easat-6979	280	2	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	280	3	34	34	NUM
easat-6979	280	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	280	5	2024	2024	NUM
easat-6979	280	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	281	1	https://doi.org/10.6914/sw.010102	https://doi.org/10.6914/sw.010102	PROPN
easat-6979	282	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	282	2	13	13	NUM
easat-6979	282	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	282	4	v.	v.	ADP
easat-6979	282	5	mysavath	mysavath	NOUN
easat-6979	282	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	282	7	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-6979	282	8	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-6979	282	9	ng	ng	PROPN
easat-6979	282	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	282	11	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-6979	282	12	rural	rural	ADJ
easat-6979	282	13	ict	ict	NOUN
easat-6979	282	14	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
easat-6979	282	15	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	282	16	the	the	DET
easat-6979	282	17	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	282	18	people	people	NOUN
easat-6979	282	19	’s	’s	PART
easat-6979	282	20	democratic	democratic	PROPN
easat-6979	282	21	republic	republic	NOUN
easat-6979	282	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	282	23	an	an	DET
easat-6979	282	24	actionable	actionable	ADJ
easat-6979	282	25	strategy	strategy	NOUN
easat-6979	282	26	report	report	NOUN
easat-6979	282	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	283	1	usa	usa	NOUN
easat-6979	283	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	283	3	escap	escap	ADJ
easat-6979	283	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	283	5	2024	2024	NUM
easat-6979	283	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	284	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	284	2	14	14	NUM
easat-6979	284	3	]	]	X
easat-6979	284	4	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-6979	284	5	lamijo	lamijo	PROPN
easat-6979	284	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	284	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	284	8	the	the	DET
easat-6979	284	9	development	development	NOUN
easat-6979	284	10	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	284	11	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	284	12	regions	region	NOUN
easat-6979	284	13	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	284	14	southeast	southeast	ADJ
easat-6979	284	15	asia	asia	PROPN
easat-6979	284	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	284	17	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	284	18	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	284	19	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	284	20	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	284	21	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	284	22	the	the	DET
easat-6979	284	23	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-6979	284	24	–	–	PUNCT
easat-6979	284	25	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-6979	284	26	pdr	pdr	PROPN
easat-6979	284	27	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	284	28	areas	area	NOUN
easat-6979	284	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	284	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	284	31	master	master	NOUN
easat-6979	284	32	’s	’s	PART
easat-6979	284	33	thesis	thesis	NOUN
easat-6979	284	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	284	35	the	the	DET
easat-6979	284	36	australian	australian	ADJ
easat-6979	284	37	national	national	PROPN
easat-6979	284	38	university	university	PROPN
easat-6979	284	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	284	40	canberra	canberra	PROPN
easat-6979	284	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	284	42	australia	australia	PROPN
easat-6979	284	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	284	44	2016	2016	NUM
easat-6979	284	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	285	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	285	2	15	15	NUM
easat-6979	285	3	]	]	X
easat-6979	285	4	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-6979	285	5	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-6979	285	6	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-6979	285	7	tam	tam	PROPN
easat-6979	285	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	285	9	sez	sez	NOUN
easat-6979	285	10	development	development	NOUN
easat-6979	285	11	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	285	12	cambodia	cambodia	PROPN
easat-6979	285	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	285	14	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	285	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	285	16	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-6979	285	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	285	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	285	19	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-6979	285	20	value	value	NOUN
easat-6979	285	21	chains	chain	NOUN
easat-6979	285	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	285	23	”	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	285	24	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	285	25	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-6979	285	26	hiratsuka	hiratsuka	PROPN
easat-6979	285	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	285	28	ed	ed	NOUN
easat-6979	285	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	285	30	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	285	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	285	32	eec	eec	PROPN
easat-6979	285	33	development	development	NOUN
easat-6979	285	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	285	35	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	285	36	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
easat-6979	285	37	measures	measure	NOUN
easat-6979	285	38	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	285	39	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	285	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	285	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	285	42	the	the	DET
easat-6979	285	43	development	development	NOUN
easat-6979	285	44	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-6979	285	45	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	285	46	the	the	DET
easat-6979	285	47	neighboring	neighboring	NOUN
easat-6979	285	48	countries	country	NOUN
easat-6979	285	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	286	1	usa	usa	PROPN
easat-6979	286	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	286	3	brc	brc	PROPN
easat-6979	286	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-6979	286	5	report	report	NOUN
easat-6979	286	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	286	7	2019	2019	NUM
easat-6979	286	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	287	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	287	2	16	16	NUM
easat-6979	287	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	287	4	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-6979	287	5	ishida	ishida	PROPN
easat-6979	287	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	287	7	what	what	PRON
easat-6979	287	8	is	be	AUX
easat-6979	287	9	the	the	DET
easat-6979	287	10	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	287	11	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	287	12	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	287	13	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	287	14	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	287	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	287	16	cbta	cbta	NOUN
easat-6979	287	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	287	18	?	?	PUNCT
easat-6979	287	19	”	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	288	1	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	288	2	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-6979	288	3	ishida	ishida	PROPN
easat-6979	288	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	288	5	ed	ed	NOUN
easat-6979	288	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	288	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	288	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	288	9	border	border	NOUN
easat-6979	288	10	economies	economy	NOUN
easat-6979	288	11	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	288	12	the	the	DET
easat-6979	288	13	greater	great	ADJ
easat-6979	288	14	mekong	mekong	NOUN
easat-6979	288	15	subregion	subregion	NOUN
easat-6979	288	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	289	1	ide	ide	NOUN
easat-6979	289	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	289	3	jetro	jetro	NOUN
easat-6979	289	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	289	5	palgrave	palgrave	PROPN
easat-6979	289	6	macmillan	macmillan	PROPN
easat-6979	289	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	290	1	https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137302915_3	https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137302915_3	PROPN
easat-6979	290	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	290	3	2013	2013	NUM
easat-6979	290	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	291	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	291	2	17	17	NUM
easat-6979	291	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	291	4	t.	t.	NOUN
easat-6979	291	5	sadotomo	sadotomo	PROPN
easat-6979	291	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	291	7	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-6979	291	8	nakayama	nakayama	PROPN
easat-6979	291	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	291	10	the	the	DET
easat-6979	291	11	mekong	mekong	NOUN
easat-6979	291	12	region	region	NOUN
easat-6979	291	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	291	14	changing	change	VERB
easat-6979	291	15	borders	border	NOUN
easat-6979	291	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	291	17	a	a	DET
easat-6979	291	18	focus	focus	NOUN
easat-6979	291	19	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	291	20	the	the	DET
easat-6979	291	21	cbta	cbta	NOUN
easat-6979	291	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	291	23	bcps	bcps	PROPN
easat-6979	291	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	291	25	”	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	291	26	in	in	ADP
easat-6979	291	27	the	the	DET
easat-6979	291	28	new	new	ADJ
easat-6979	291	29	international	international	ADJ
easat-6979	291	30	relations	relation	NOUN
easat-6979	291	31	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	291	32	sub	sub	NOUN
easat-6979	291	33	-	-	NOUN
easat-6979	291	34	regionalism	regionalism	NOUN
easat-6979	291	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	292	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
easat-6979	292	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	293	1	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315106953	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315106953	PROPN
easat-6979	293	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	293	3	2018	2018	NUM
easat-6979	293	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	294	2	18	18	NUM
easat-6979	294	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	4	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-6979	294	5	suvakunta	suvakunta	NOUN
easat-6979	294	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	8	utilization	utilization	NOUN
easat-6979	294	9	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	294	10	the	the	DET
easat-6979	294	11	greater	great	ADJ
easat-6979	294	12	mekong	mekong	NOUN
easat-6979	294	13	subregion	subregion	NOUN
easat-6979	294	14	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-6979	294	15	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	294	16	border	border	ADJ
easat-6979	294	17	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	294	18	agreement	agreement	NOUN
easat-6979	294	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	20	gms	gms	NOUN
easat-6979	294	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	22	cbta	cbta	NOUN
easat-6979	294	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	25	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	26	wimaya	wimaya	NOUN
easat-6979	294	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	28	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	294	29	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	294	30	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	294	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	32	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	294	33	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	294	34	02	02	NUM
easat-6979	294	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	294	36	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-6979	294	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	295	1	66	66	NUM
easat-6979	295	2	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	295	3	84	84	NUM
easat-6979	295	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	295	5	2024	2024	NUM
easat-6979	295	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	296	1	https://doi.org/10.33005/wimaya.v5i02.163	https://doi.org/10.33005/wimaya.v5i02.163	PROPN
easat-6979	297	1	[	[	X
easat-6979	297	2	19	19	NUM
easat-6979	297	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-6979	297	4	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-6979	297	5	connor	connor	PROPN
easat-6979	297	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	297	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	297	8	thailand	thailand	PROPN
easat-6979	297	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	297	10	laos	laos	PROPN
easat-6979	297	11	aim	aim	VERB
easat-6979	297	12	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	297	13	a	a	DET
easat-6979	297	14	us$11	us$11	ADJ
easat-6979	297	15	billion	billion	NUM
easat-6979	297	16	bilateral	bilateral	ADJ
easat-6979	297	17	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-6979	297	18	boost	boost	NOUN
easat-6979	297	19	with	with	ADP
easat-6979	297	20	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
easat-6979	297	21	transport	transport	NOUN
easat-6979	297	22	links	link	NOUN
easat-6979	297	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	297	24	”	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	297	25	thaiger	thaiger	NOUN
easat-6979	297	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	297	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-6979	297	28	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
easat-6979	297	29	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	297	30	https://tinyurl.com/4n5nasxy	https://tinyurl.com/4n5nasxy	ADV
easat-6979	297	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	297	32	2023	2023	NUM
easat-6979	297	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	298	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9070102	https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9070102	NOUN
easat-6979	298	2	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15660	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15660	PRON
easat-6979	298	3	https://tinyurl.com/38pp9zsvacts	https://tinyurl.com/38pp9zsvact	VERB
easat-6979	298	4	https://tinyurl.com/3srmh2m6	https://tinyurl.com/3srmh2m6	PRON
easat-6979	298	5	https://doi.org/10.6914/sw.010101	https://doi.org/10.6914/sw.010101	PROPN
easat-6979	298	6	https://doi.org/10.6914/sw.010102	https://doi.org/10.6914/sw.010102	PROPN
easat-6979	298	7	https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137302915_3	https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137302915_3	PROPN
easat-6979	298	8	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315106953	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315106953	ADJ
easat-6979	298	9	https://doi.org/10.33005/wimaya.v5i02.163	https://doi.org/10.33005/wimaya.v5i02.163	NOUN
easat-6979	298	10	https://tinyurl.com/4n5nasxy	https://tinyurl.com/4n5nasxy	PROPN
easat-6979	298	11	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	298	12	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-6979	298	13	applied	apply	VERB
easat-6979	298	14	science	science	NOUN
easat-6979	298	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	298	16	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-6979	298	17	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-6979	298	18	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	298	19	2576	2576	NUM
easat-6979	298	20	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	298	21	8484	8484	NUM
easat-6979	298	22	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-6979	298	23	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	299	1	9	9	NUM
easat-6979	299	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	299	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	299	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	299	5	5	5	NUM
easat-6979	299	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	299	7	641	641	NUM
easat-6979	299	8	-	-	SYM
easat-6979	299	9	654	654	NUM
easat-6979	299	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	299	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	299	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-6979	299	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-6979	299	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	10.55214/25768484.v9i5.6979	NUM
easat-6979	299	15	©	©	NOUN
easat-6979	299	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-6979	299	17	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	299	18	the	the	DET
easat-6979	299	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-6979	299	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-6979	300	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-6979	300	2	learning	learn	VERB
easat-6979	300	3	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-6979	300	4	appendix	appendix	PROPN
easat-6979	300	5	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-6979	300	6	legal	legal	ADJ
easat-6979	300	7	provisions	provision	NOUN
easat-6979	300	8	governing	govern	VERB
easat-6979	300	9	prohibitions	prohibition	NOUN
easat-6979	300	10	or	or	CCONJ
easat-6979	300	11	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
easat-6979	300	12	on	on	ADP
easat-6979	300	13	transit	transit	NOUN
easat-6979	300	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-6979	301	1	▪	▪	ADJ
easat-6979	301	2	firearms	firearm	NOUN
easat-6979	301	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	301	4	ammunition	ammunition	NOUN
easat-6979	301	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	301	6	explosives	explosive	NOUN
easat-6979	301	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	301	8	fireworks	firework	NOUN
easat-6979	301	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	301	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	301	11	imitation	imitation	NOUN
easat-6979	301	12	weapons	weapon	NOUN
easat-6979	301	13	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	301	14	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	301	15	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	301	16	2490	2490	NUM
easat-6979	301	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	301	18	1947	1947	NUM
easat-6979	301	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	301	20	▪	▪	ADJ
easat-6979	301	21	export	export	NOUN
easat-6979	301	22	control	control	NOUN
easat-6979	301	23	act	act	VERB
easat-6979	301	24	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	301	25	military	military	ADJ
easat-6979	301	26	equipment	equipment	NOUN
easat-6979	301	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	301	28	war	war	NOUN
easat-6979	301	29	material	material	PROPN
easat-6979	301	30	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	301	31	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	301	32	2495	2495	NUM
easat-6979	301	33	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	301	34	1952	1952	NUM
easat-6979	301	35	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	1	▪	▪	NOUN
easat-6979	302	2	plant	plant	NOUN
easat-6979	302	3	quarantine	quarantine	NOUN
easat-6979	302	4	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	302	5	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	302	6	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	302	7	2507	2507	NUM
easat-6979	302	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	9	1964	1964	NUM
easat-6979	302	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	11	▪	▪	NOUN
easat-6979	302	12	plant	plant	NOUN
easat-6979	302	13	variety	variety	NOUN
easat-6979	302	14	protection	protection	PROPN
easat-6979	302	15	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	302	16	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	302	17	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	302	18	2518	2518	NUM
easat-6979	302	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	20	1975	1975	NUM
easat-6979	302	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	22	▪	▪	ADJ
easat-6979	302	23	fertilizer	fertilizer	NOUN
easat-6979	302	24	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	302	25	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	302	26	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	302	27	2518	2518	NUM
easat-6979	302	28	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	29	1975	1975	NUM
easat-6979	302	30	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	31	▪	▪	X
easat-6979	302	32	narcotic	narcotic	ADJ
easat-6979	302	33	drugs	drug	NOUN
easat-6979	302	34	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	302	35	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	302	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	302	37	2522	2522	NUM
easat-6979	302	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	39	1979	1979	NUM
easat-6979	302	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	41	▪	▪	NOUN
easat-6979	302	42	military	military	ADJ
easat-6979	302	43	equipment	equipment	NOUN
easat-6979	302	44	control	control	PROPN
easat-6979	302	45	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	302	46	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	302	47	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	302	48	2530	2530	NUM
easat-6979	302	49	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	50	1987	1987	NUM
easat-6979	302	51	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	52	▪	▪	X
easat-6979	302	53	hazardous	hazardous	ADJ
easat-6979	302	54	substances	substance	NOUN
easat-6979	302	55	act	act	VERB
easat-6979	302	56	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	302	57	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	302	58	2535	2535	NUM
easat-6979	302	59	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	60	1992	1992	NUM
easat-6979	302	61	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	62	▪	▪	NOUN
easat-6979	302	63	animal	animal	NOUN
easat-6979	302	64	epidemic	epidemic	NOUN
easat-6979	302	65	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	302	66	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	302	67	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	302	68	2558	2558	NUM
easat-6979	302	69	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	302	70	2015	2015	NUM
easat-6979	302	71	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	1	▪	▪	NOUN
easat-6979	303	2	import	import	NOUN
easat-6979	303	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	303	4	export	export	NOUN
easat-6979	303	5	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	303	6	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	303	7	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	303	8	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	303	9	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	303	10	2522	2522	NUM
easat-6979	303	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	12	1979	1979	NUM
easat-6979	303	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	15	amended	amend	VERB
easat-6979	303	16	by	by	ADP
easat-6979	303	17	the	the	DET
easat-6979	303	18	import	import	NOUN
easat-6979	303	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	303	20	export	export	NOUN
easat-6979	303	21	of	of	ADP
easat-6979	303	22	goods	good	NOUN
easat-6979	303	23	act	act	NOUN
easat-6979	303	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	25	no	no	INTJ
easat-6979	303	26	.	.	NOUN
easat-6979	303	27	2	2	NUM
easat-6979	303	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	29	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	303	30	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	303	31	2558	2558	NUM
easat-6979	303	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	33	2015	2015	NUM
easat-6979	303	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	35	▪	▪	NOUN
easat-6979	303	36	animal	animal	NOUN
easat-6979	303	37	pathogens	pathogen	NOUN
easat-6979	303	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	303	39	toxins	toxin	NOUN
easat-6979	303	40	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	303	41	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	303	42	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	303	43	2558	2558	NUM
easat-6979	303	44	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	45	2015	2015	NUM
easat-6979	303	46	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	47	▪	▪	ADJ
easat-6979	303	48	elephant	elephant	NOUN
easat-6979	303	49	ivory	ivory	PROPN
easat-6979	303	50	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	303	51	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	303	52	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	303	53	2558	2558	NUM
easat-6979	303	54	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	55	2015	2015	NUM
easat-6979	303	56	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	57	▪	▪	NOUN
easat-6979	303	58	fisheries	fishery	NOUN
easat-6979	303	59	royal	royal	ADJ
easat-6979	303	60	decree	decree	PROPN
easat-6979	303	61	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	303	62	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	303	63	2558	2558	NUM
easat-6979	303	64	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	65	2015	2015	NUM
easat-6979	303	66	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	67	▪	▪	ADJ
easat-6979	303	68	psychotropic	psychotropic	ADJ
easat-6979	303	69	substances	substance	NOUN
easat-6979	303	70	act	act	NOUN
easat-6979	303	71	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	303	72	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	303	73	2559	2559	NUM
easat-6979	303	74	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	75	2016	2016	NUM
easat-6979	303	76	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	77	▪	▪	ADJ
easat-6979	303	78	nuclear	nuclear	ADJ
easat-6979	303	79	energy	energy	NOUN
easat-6979	303	80	for	for	ADP
easat-6979	303	81	peace	peace	NOUN
easat-6979	303	82	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	303	83	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	303	84	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	303	85	2559	2559	NUM
easat-6979	303	86	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	87	2016	2016	NUM
easat-6979	303	88	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	89	▪	▪	ADJ
easat-6979	303	90	high	high	ADJ
easat-6979	303	91	-	-	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	92	power	power	NOUN
easat-6979	303	93	destructive	destructive	ADJ
easat-6979	303	94	weapons	weapon	NOUN
easat-6979	303	95	non	non	ADJ
easat-6979	303	96	-	-	ADJ
easat-6979	303	97	proliferation	proliferation	ADJ
easat-6979	303	98	control	control	PROPN
easat-6979	303	99	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	303	100	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	303	101	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	303	102	2562	2562	NUM
easat-6979	303	103	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	104	2019	2019	NUM
easat-6979	303	105	)	)	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	106	▪	▪	ADJ
easat-6979	303	107	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
easat-6979	303	108	conservation	conservation	NOUN
easat-6979	303	109	and	and	CCONJ
easat-6979	303	110	protection	protection	NOUN
easat-6979	303	111	act	act	PROPN
easat-6979	303	112	b.e	b.e	PROPN
easat-6979	303	113	.	.	PROPN
easat-6979	303	114	2562	2562	NUM
easat-6979	303	115	(	(	PUNCT
easat-6979	303	116	2019	2019	NUM
easat-6979	303	117	)	)	PUNCT