id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
easat-7861	1	1	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	1	2	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	1	3	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	1	5	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	1	6	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	1	8	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	1	9	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	1	10	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	1	12	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	2	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	2	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	2	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	2	5	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	2	7	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	2	8	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	2	9	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	2	10	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	2	11	publisher	publisher	NOUN
easat-7861	2	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	2	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-7861	2	14	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-7861	2	15	doi	doi	PROPN
easat-7861	2	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	2	17	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	2	18	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	2	19	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	2	20	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	2	21	the	the	DET
easat-7861	2	22	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	2	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	2	24	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	2	25	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-7861	2	26	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-7861	3	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	3	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	3	3	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	3	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	3	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	3	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	3	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-7861	3	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-7861	3	10	history	history	NOUN
easat-7861	3	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	12	received	receive	VERB
easat-7861	3	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	14	26	26	NUM
easat-7861	3	15	march	march	NOUN
easat-7861	3	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	3	17	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	18	revised	revise	VERB
easat-7861	3	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	20	23	23	NUM
easat-7861	3	21	may	may	PROPN
easat-7861	3	22	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	3	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	24	accepted	accept	VERB
easat-7861	3	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	26	26	26	NUM
easat-7861	3	27	may	may	PROPN
easat-7861	3	28	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	3	29	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	30	published	publish	VERB
easat-7861	3	31	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	32	5	5	NUM
easat-7861	3	33	june	june	PROPN
easat-7861	3	34	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	3	35	*	*	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	36	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
easat-7861	3	37	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	38	hothihoa@hvtc.edu.vn	hothihoa@hvtc.edu.vn	PROPN
easat-7861	3	39	estimating	estimate	VERB
easat-7861	3	40	total	total	ADJ
easat-7861	3	41	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	3	42	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	3	43	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	3	44	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	3	45	’s	’s	PART
easat-7861	3	46	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	3	47	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	48	a	a	DET
easat-7861	3	49	nonparametric	nonparametric	NOUN
easat-7861	3	50	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-7861	3	51	thanh	thanh	PROPN
easat-7861	3	52	luan	luan	PROPN
easat-7861	3	53	nguyen1	nguyen1	PROPN
easat-7861	3	54	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	55	ho	ho	PROPN
easat-7861	3	56	thi	thi	AUX
easat-7861	3	57	hoa2	hoa2	PROPN
easat-7861	3	58	*	*	PROPN
easat-7861	3	59	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	60	vo	vo	PROPN
easat-7861	3	61	thi	thi	AUX
easat-7861	3	62	van	van	PROPN
easat-7861	3	63	khanh3	khanh3	PROPN
easat-7861	3	64	1kon	1kon	NUM
easat-7861	3	65	tum	tum	PROPN
easat-7861	3	66	college	college	PROPN
easat-7861	3	67	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	68	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	3	69	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	70	nguyenthanhluan@cdkontum.edu.vn	nguyenthanhluan@cdkontum.edu.vn	NOUN
easat-7861	3	71	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	72	luannguyensyd@gmail.com	luannguyensyd@gmail.com	PROPN
easat-7861	3	73	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	74	t.l.n	t.l.n	ADJ
easat-7861	3	75	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	3	76	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	4	1	2,3hanoi	2,3hanoi	NUM
easat-7861	4	2	academy	academy	NOUN
easat-7861	4	3	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	4	4	finance	finance	PROPN
easat-7861	4	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	4	6	viet	viet	PROPN
easat-7861	4	7	nam	nam	PROPN
easat-7861	4	8	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	4	9	hothihoa@hvtc.edu.vn	hothihoa@hvtc.edu.vn	X
easat-7861	4	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	4	11	h.t.h	h.t.h	NOUN
easat-7861	4	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	4	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	5	1	vovankhanh@hvtc.edu.vn	vovankhanh@hvtc.edu.vn	NOUN
easat-7861	5	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	5	3	v.t.v.k	v.t.v.k	PROPN
easat-7861	5	4	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	5	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	5	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	6	1	abstract	abstract	ADV
easat-7861	6	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	6	3	this	this	DET
easat-7861	6	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	6	5	examines	examine	VERB
easat-7861	6	6	changes	change	NOUN
easat-7861	6	7	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	6	8	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	6	9	total	total	ADJ
easat-7861	6	10	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	6	11	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	6	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	6	13	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	6	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	6	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	6	16	its	its	PRON
easat-7861	6	17	components	component	NOUN
easat-7861	6	18	—	—	PUNCT
easat-7861	6	19	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	6	20	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	6	21	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	6	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	6	23	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	6	24	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	6	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	6	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	6	27	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	6	28	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	6	29	—	—	PUNCT
easat-7861	6	30	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	6	31	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	6	32	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	6	33	a	a	DET
easat-7861	6	34	33	33	NUM
easat-7861	6	35	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	6	36	year	year	NOUN
easat-7861	6	37	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	6	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	6	39	1986–2018	1986–2018	NOUN
easat-7861	6	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	6	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	7	1	using	use	VERB
easat-7861	7	2	a	a	DET
easat-7861	7	3	non	non	ADJ
easat-7861	7	4	-	-	ADJ
easat-7861	7	5	parametric	parametric	ADJ
easat-7861	7	6	malmquist	malmquist	PROPN
easat-7861	7	7	data	data	PROPN
easat-7861	7	8	envelopment	envelopment	ADJ
easat-7861	7	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	7	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	7	11	dea	dea	NOUN
easat-7861	7	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	7	13	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-7861	7	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	7	15	the	the	DET
easat-7861	7	16	research	research	NOUN
easat-7861	7	17	analyzes	analyze	VERB
easat-7861	7	18	a	a	DET
easat-7861	7	19	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-7861	7	20	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-7861	7	21	comprising	comprise	VERB
easat-7861	7	22	one	one	NUM
easat-7861	7	23	aggregate	aggregate	ADJ
easat-7861	7	24	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	7	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	7	26	five	five	NUM
easat-7861	7	27	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	7	28	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	7	29	across	across	ADP
easat-7861	7	30	60	60	NUM
easat-7861	7	31	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	7	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	8	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	8	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-7861	8	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-7861	8	4	a	a	DET
easat-7861	8	5	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-7861	8	6	trend	trend	NOUN
easat-7861	8	7	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	8	8	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	8	9	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	8	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	8	11	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	8	12	an	an	DET
easat-7861	8	13	average	average	ADJ
easat-7861	8	14	annual	annual	ADJ
easat-7861	8	15	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	8	16	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-7861	8	17	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	8	18	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	8	19	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	8	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	8	21	a	a	DET
easat-7861	8	22	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
easat-7861	8	23	increase	increase	NOUN
easat-7861	8	24	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	8	25	68	68	NUM
easat-7861	8	26	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	8	27	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	8	28	the	the	DET
easat-7861	8	29	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	8	30	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	8	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	9	1	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-7861	9	2	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	9	3	emerges	emerge	VERB
easat-7861	9	4	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	9	5	the	the	DET
easat-7861	9	6	primary	primary	ADJ
easat-7861	9	7	driver	driver	NOUN
easat-7861	9	8	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	9	9	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	9	10	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-7861	9	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	9	12	followed	follow	VERB
easat-7861	9	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	9	14	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-7861	9	15	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	9	16	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	9	17	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	9	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	10	1	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	10	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-7861	10	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	10	4	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	10	5	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	10	6	negatively	negatively	ADV
easat-7861	10	7	affects	affect	VERB
easat-7861	10	8	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-7861	10	9	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	10	10	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	10	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	11	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	11	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	11	3	reveals	reveal	VERB
easat-7861	11	4	notable	notable	ADJ
easat-7861	11	5	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-7861	11	6	disparities	disparity	NOUN
easat-7861	11	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	11	8	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	11	9	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	11	10	the	the	DET
easat-7861	11	11	mekong	mekong	PROPN
easat-7861	11	12	river	river	PROPN
easat-7861	11	13	delta	delta	PROPN
easat-7861	11	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	11	15	southern	southern	ADJ
easat-7861	11	16	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	11	17	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
easat-7861	11	18	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-7861	11	19	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-7861	11	20	due	due	ADP
easat-7861	11	21	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	11	22	mechanization	mechanization	NOUN
easat-7861	11	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	11	24	high	high	ADJ
easat-7861	11	25	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	11	26	value	value	NOUN
easat-7861	11	27	crop	crop	NOUN
easat-7861	11	28	adoption	adoption	NOUN
easat-7861	11	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	11	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	11	31	better	well	ADJ
easat-7861	11	32	market	market	NOUN
easat-7861	11	33	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-7861	11	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	11	35	while	while	SCONJ
easat-7861	11	36	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	11	37	facing	face	VERB
easat-7861	11	38	urbanization	urbanization	NOUN
easat-7861	11	39	pressures	pressure	NOUN
easat-7861	11	40	or	or	CCONJ
easat-7861	11	41	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-7861	11	42	constraints	constraint	NOUN
easat-7861	11	43	show	show	VERB
easat-7861	11	44	slower	slow	ADJ
easat-7861	11	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	11	46	more	more	ADV
easat-7861	11	47	erratic	erratic	ADJ
easat-7861	11	48	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	11	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	12	1	these	these	DET
easat-7861	12	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-7861	12	3	underscore	underscore	VERB
easat-7861	12	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	12	5	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-7861	12	6	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	12	7	region	region	NOUN
easat-7861	12	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	12	9	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-7861	12	10	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	12	11	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-7861	12	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	12	13	targeted	target	VERB
easat-7861	12	14	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-7861	12	15	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-7861	12	16	to	to	PART
easat-7861	12	17	foster	foster	VERB
easat-7861	12	18	balanced	balanced	ADJ
easat-7861	12	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	12	20	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
easat-7861	12	21	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	12	22	development	development	NOUN
easat-7861	12	23	nationwide	nationwide	ADJ
easat-7861	12	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	13	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
easat-7861	13	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	13	3	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	13	4	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	13	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	13	6	data	data	VERB
easat-7861	13	7	envelopment	envelopment	ADJ
easat-7861	13	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	13	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	13	10	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	13	11	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	13	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	13	13	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	13	14	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	13	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	13	16	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	13	17	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	13	18	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	13	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	13	20	total	total	ADJ
easat-7861	13	21	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	13	22	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	13	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	14	1	1	1	X
easat-7861	14	2	.	.	X
easat-7861	14	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-7861	14	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	14	5	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	14	6	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	14	7	holds	hold	VERB
easat-7861	14	8	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-7861	14	9	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-7861	14	10	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	14	11	most	most	ADJ
easat-7861	14	12	economies	economy	NOUN
easat-7861	14	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	14	14	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-7861	14	15	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	14	16	less	less	ADJ
easat-7861	14	17	developed	developed	ADJ
easat-7861	14	18	nations	nation	NOUN
easat-7861	14	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	15	1	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-7861	15	2	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	15	3	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	15	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	15	5	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	15	6	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	15	7	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	15	8	a	a	DET
easat-7861	15	9	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-7861	15	10	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	15	11	goal	goal	NOUN
easat-7861	15	12	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	15	13	these	these	DET
easat-7861	15	14	countries	country	NOUN
easat-7861	15	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	16	1	this	this	PRON
easat-7861	16	2	has	have	AUX
easat-7861	16	3	resulted	result	VERB
easat-7861	16	4	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	16	5	many	many	ADJ
easat-7861	16	6	development	development	NOUN
easat-7861	16	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	16	8	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	16	9	economists	economist	NOUN
easat-7861	16	10	’	’	PART
easat-7861	16	11	interest	interest	NOUN
easat-7861	16	12	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	16	13	determining	determine	VERB
easat-7861	16	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	16	15	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	16	16	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	16	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	16	18	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	16	19	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	16	20	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	16	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	17	1	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	17	2	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	17	3	mainly	mainly	ADV
easat-7861	17	4	an	an	DET
easat-7861	17	5	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	17	6	country	country	NOUN
easat-7861	17	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	18	1	after	after	ADP
easat-7861	18	2	the	the	DET
easat-7861	18	3	implementation	implementation	NOUN
easat-7861	18	4	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	18	5	the	the	DET
easat-7861	18	6	doi	doi	X
easat-7861	18	7	moi	moi	X
easat-7861	18	8	reform	reform	NOUN
easat-7861	18	9	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	18	10	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	18	11	the	the	DET
easat-7861	18	12	6th	6th	ADJ
easat-7861	18	13	national	national	ADJ
easat-7861	18	14	congress	congress	PROPN
easat-7861	18	15	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	18	16	december	december	PROPN
easat-7861	18	17	1986	1986	NUM
easat-7861	18	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	18	19	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	18	20	’s	’s	PART
easat-7861	18	21	economy	economy	NOUN
easat-7861	18	22	has	have	AUX
easat-7861	18	23	witnessed	witness	VERB
easat-7861	18	24	notable	notable	ADJ
easat-7861	18	25	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	18	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	19	1	this	this	DET
easat-7861	19	2	transition	transition	NOUN
easat-7861	19	3	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	19	4	a	a	DET
easat-7861	19	5	centrally	centrally	ADV
easat-7861	19	6	planned	plan	VERB
easat-7861	19	7	economy	economy	NOUN
easat-7861	19	8	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	19	9	a	a	DET
easat-7861	19	10	market	market	NOUN
easat-7861	19	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	19	12	oriented	orient	VERB
easat-7861	19	13	one	one	NUM
easat-7861	19	14	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-7861	19	15	transformed	transform	VERB
easat-7861	19	16	the	the	DET
easat-7861	19	17	country	country	NOUN
easat-7861	19	18	’s	’s	PART
easat-7861	19	19	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-7861	19	20	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-7861	19	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	20	1	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	20	2	has	have	AUX
easat-7861	20	3	evolved	evolve	VERB
easat-7861	20	4	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	20	5	being	be	AUX
easat-7861	20	6	a	a	DET
easat-7861	20	7	net	net	ADJ
easat-7861	20	8	importer	importer	NOUN
easat-7861	20	9	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	20	10	food	food	NOUN
easat-7861	20	11	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	20	12	the	the	DET
easat-7861	20	13	early	early	ADJ
easat-7861	20	14	1980s	1980	NOUN
easat-7861	20	15	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	20	16	one	one	NUM
easat-7861	20	17	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	20	18	the	the	DET
easat-7861	20	19	world	world	NOUN
easat-7861	20	20	’s	’s	PART
easat-7861	20	21	major	major	ADJ
easat-7861	20	22	rice	rice	NOUN
easat-7861	20	23	exporters	exporter	NOUN
easat-7861	20	24	since	since	SCONJ
easat-7861	20	25	1988	1988	NUM
easat-7861	20	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	21	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	21	2	rural	rural	ADJ
easat-7861	21	3	areas	area	NOUN
easat-7861	21	4	are	be	AUX
easat-7861	21	5	home	home	NOUN
easat-7861	21	6	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	21	7	a	a	DET
easat-7861	21	8	majority	majority	NOUN
easat-7861	21	9	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	21	10	the	the	DET
easat-7861	21	11	vietnamese	vietnamese	ADJ
easat-7861	21	12	population	population	NOUN
easat-7861	21	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	21	14	around	around	ADV
easat-7861	21	15	75	75	NUM
easat-7861	21	16	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	21	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	21	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	21	19	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	21	20	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	21	21	their	their	PRON
easat-7861	21	22	primary	primary	ADJ
easat-7861	21	23	source	source	NOUN
easat-7861	21	24	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	21	25	livelihood	livelihood	NOUN
easat-7861	22	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	22	2	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	22	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	22	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	23	1	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	23	2	makes	make	VERB
easat-7861	23	3	a	a	DET
easat-7861	23	4	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-7861	23	5	contribution	contribution	NOUN
easat-7861	23	6	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	23	7	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	23	8	’s	’s	PART
easat-7861	23	9	gdp	gdp	PROPN
easat-7861	23	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	23	11	accounting	account	VERB
easat-7861	23	12	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	23	13	roughly	roughly	ADV
easat-7861	23	14	23	23	NUM
easat-7861	23	15	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	23	16	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	23	17	the	the	DET
easat-7861	23	18	total	total	ADJ
easat-7861	23	19	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-7861	23	20	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	23	21	the	the	DET
easat-7861	23	22	country	country	NOUN
easat-7861	23	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	24	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-7861	24	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	24	3	it	it	PRON
easat-7861	24	4	employs	employ	VERB
easat-7861	24	5	a	a	DET
easat-7861	24	6	substantial	substantial	ADJ
easat-7861	24	7	percentage	percentage	NOUN
easat-7861	24	8	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	24	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	24	10	country	country	NOUN
easat-7861	24	11	’s	’s	PART
easat-7861	24	12	labour	labour	ADJ
easat-7861	24	13	force	force	NOUN
easat-7861	24	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	24	15	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	24	16	about	about	ADV
easat-7861	24	17	62	62	NUM
easat-7861	24	18	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	24	19	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	24	20	the	the	DET
easat-7861	24	21	workforce	workforce	NOUN
easat-7861	24	22	engaged	engage	VERB
easat-7861	24	23	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	24	24	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	24	25	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-7861	24	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	25	1	during	during	ADP
easat-7861	25	2	the	the	DET
easat-7861	25	3	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	25	4	1986–2018	1986–2018	NUM
easat-7861	25	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	25	6	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	25	7	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	25	8	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	25	9	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	25	10	grew	grow	VERB
easat-7861	25	11	annually	annually	ADV
easat-7861	25	12	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	25	13	4.63%—an	4.63%—an	NUM
easat-7861	25	14	increase	increase	NOUN
easat-7861	25	15	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	25	16	52,000	52,000	NUM
easat-7861	25	17	billion	billion	NUM
easat-7861	25	18	vnd	vnd	PROPN
easat-7861	25	19	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	25	20	1986	1986	NUM
easat-7861	25	21	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	25	22	219,000	219,000	NUM
easat-7861	25	23	billion	billion	NUM
easat-7861	25	24	vnd	vnd	PROPN
easat-7861	25	25	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	25	26	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	25	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	26	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	26	2	dea	dea	PROPN
easat-7861	26	3	method	method	NOUN
easat-7861	26	4	widely	widely	ADV
easat-7861	26	5	used	use	VERB
easat-7861	26	6	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	26	7	measuring	measure	VERB
easat-7861	26	8	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	26	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	26	10	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	26	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	27	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	27	2	non	non	ADJ
easat-7861	27	3	-	-	ADJ
easat-7861	27	4	parametric	parametric	ADJ
easat-7861	27	5	method	method	NOUN
easat-7861	27	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	27	7	dea	dea	NOUN
easat-7861	27	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	27	9	was	be	AUX
easat-7861	27	10	first	first	ADV
easat-7861	27	11	introduced	introduce	VERB
easat-7861	27	12	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	27	13	farrell	farrell	PROPN
easat-7861	28	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	28	2	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	28	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	28	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	29	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	29	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-7861	29	3	has	have	AUX
easat-7861	29	4	been	be	AUX
easat-7861	29	5	empirically	empirically	ADV
easat-7861	29	6	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	29	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	29	8	extensively	extensively	ADV
easat-7861	29	9	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
easat-7861	29	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	29	11	as	as	SCONJ
easat-7861	29	12	detailed	detail	VERB
easat-7861	29	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	29	14	seiford	seiford	NOUN
easat-7861	29	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	29	16	thrall	thrall	VERB
easat-7861	30	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	30	2	3	3	NUM
easat-7861	30	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	30	4	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	30	5	fried	fry	VERB
easat-7861	30	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	30	7	et	et	PROPN
easat-7861	30	8	al	al	PROPN
easat-7861	30	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	31	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	31	2	4	4	NUM
easat-7861	31	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	31	4	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	31	5	coelli	coelli	PROPN
easat-7861	31	6	[	[	X
easat-7861	31	7	5	5	NUM
easat-7861	31	8	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	31	9	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	31	10	cooper	cooper	PROPN
easat-7861	31	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	31	12	et	et	PROPN
easat-7861	31	13	al	al	PROPN
easat-7861	31	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	32	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	32	2	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	32	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	32	4	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	32	5	kumbhakar	kumbhakar	PROPN
easat-7861	32	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	32	7	lovell	lovell	PROPN
easat-7861	33	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	33	2	7	7	NUM
easat-7861	33	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	33	4	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	33	5	headey	headey	PROPN
easat-7861	33	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	33	7	et	et	PROPN
easat-7861	33	8	al	al	PROPN
easat-7861	33	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	34	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	34	2	8	8	NUM
easat-7861	34	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	34	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	34	5	coelli	coelli	PROPN
easat-7861	34	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	34	7	et	et	PROPN
easat-7861	34	8	al	al	PROPN
easat-7861	34	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	35	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	35	2	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	35	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	35	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	36	1	there	there	PRON
easat-7861	36	2	are	be	VERB
easat-7861	36	3	several	several	ADJ
easat-7861	36	4	studies	study	NOUN
easat-7861	36	5	https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6572-0209	https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6572-0209	ADV
easat-7861	36	6	https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1660-815x	https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1660-815x	PROPN
easat-7861	36	7	627	627	NUM
easat-7861	36	8	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	36	9	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	36	10	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	36	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	36	12	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	36	13	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	36	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	36	15	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	36	16	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	36	17	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	36	18	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	36	19	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	37	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	37	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	37	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	37	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	38	1	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	38	2	:	:	SYM
easat-7861	38	3	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	38	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	38	5	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	38	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	38	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	38	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-7861	38	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	38	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	38	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	38	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	38	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	38	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	38	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	38	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	38	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	38	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-7861	38	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-7861	38	20	measuring	measure	VERB
easat-7861	38	21	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	38	22	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	38	23	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	38	24	related	relate	VERB
easat-7861	38	25	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	38	26	the	the	DET
easat-7861	38	27	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	38	28	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	38	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	39	1	son	son	NOUN
easat-7861	39	2	nghiem	nghiem	PROPN
easat-7861	39	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	39	4	coelli	coelli	VERB
easat-7861	39	5	[	[	X
easat-7861	39	6	10	10	NUM
easat-7861	39	7	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	39	8	estimated	estimate	VERB
easat-7861	39	9	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	39	10	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	39	11	the	the	DET
easat-7861	39	12	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	39	13	1976–1997	1976–1997	NUM
easat-7861	39	14	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	39	15	eight	eight	NUM
easat-7861	39	16	regions	region	NOUN
easat-7861	39	17	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	39	18	the	the	DET
easat-7861	39	19	vietnamese	vietnamese	ADJ
easat-7861	39	20	rice	rice	NOUN
easat-7861	39	21	industry	industry	NOUN
easat-7861	39	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	40	1	minh	minh	NOUN
easat-7861	40	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	40	3	long	long	ADJ
easat-7861	40	4	[	[	X
easat-7861	40	5	11	11	NUM
easat-7861	40	6	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	40	7	assessed	assess	VERB
easat-7861	40	8	the	the	DET
easat-7861	40	9	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	40	10	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	40	11	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	40	12	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	40	13	60	60	NUM
easat-7861	40	14	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	40	15	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	40	16	vietnam	vietnam	NOUN
easat-7861	40	17	between	between	ADP
easat-7861	40	18	1990	1990	NUM
easat-7861	40	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	40	20	2005	2005	NUM
easat-7861	40	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	41	1	rios	rio	NOUN
easat-7861	41	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	41	3	shively	shively	ADV
easat-7861	41	4	[	[	X
easat-7861	41	5	12	12	NUM
easat-7861	41	6	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	41	7	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
easat-7861	41	8	the	the	DET
easat-7861	41	9	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	41	10	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	41	11	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	41	12	209	209	NUM
easat-7861	41	13	coffee	coffee	NOUN
easat-7861	41	14	farms	farm	NOUN
easat-7861	41	15	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	41	16	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	41	17	’s	’s	PART
easat-7861	41	18	daklak	daklak	ADJ
easat-7861	41	19	province	province	NOUN
easat-7861	41	20	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	41	21	2014	2014	NUM
easat-7861	41	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	42	1	linh	linh	PROPN
easat-7861	43	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	43	2	13	13	NUM
easat-7861	43	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	43	4	measured	measure	VERB
easat-7861	43	5	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	43	6	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	43	7	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	43	8	60	60	NUM
easat-7861	43	9	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	43	10	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	43	11	1985	1985	NUM
easat-7861	43	12	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	43	13	2000	2000	NUM
easat-7861	43	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	43	15	while	while	SCONJ
easat-7861	43	16	dinh	dinh	NOUN
easat-7861	43	17	bao	bao	X
easat-7861	44	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	44	2	14	14	NUM
easat-7861	44	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	44	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-7861	44	5	a	a	DET
easat-7861	44	6	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-7861	44	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	44	8	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	44	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	44	10	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	44	11	1990–2006	1990–2006	NUM
easat-7861	44	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	45	1	giang	giang	PROPN
easat-7861	45	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	45	3	et	et	PROPN
easat-7861	45	4	al	al	PROPN
easat-7861	45	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	46	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	46	2	15	15	NUM
easat-7861	46	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	46	4	analyzed	analyze	VERB
easat-7861	46	5	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	46	6	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	46	7	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	46	8	firms	firm	NOUN
easat-7861	46	9	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	46	10	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	46	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	46	12	its	its	PRON
easat-7861	46	13	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-7861	46	14	determinants	determinant	NOUN
easat-7861	46	15	during	during	ADP
easat-7861	46	16	2000–2009	2000–2009	NUM
easat-7861	46	17	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	46	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	46	19	linh	linh	INTJ
easat-7861	46	20	et	et	PROPN
easat-7861	46	21	al	al	PROPN
easat-7861	46	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	46	23	2015	2015	NUM
easat-7861	46	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	46	25	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	46	26	a	a	DET
easat-7861	46	27	dea	dea	NOUN
easat-7861	46	28	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	46	29	a	a	DET
easat-7861	46	30	smooth	smooth	ADJ
easat-7861	46	31	bootstrap	bootstrap	NOUN
easat-7861	46	32	method	method	NOUN
easat-7861	46	33	to	to	PART
easat-7861	46	34	estimate	estimate	VERB
easat-7861	46	35	the	the	DET
easat-7861	46	36	productive	productive	ADJ
easat-7861	46	37	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	46	38	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	46	39	crop	crop	NOUN
easat-7861	46	40	farms	farm	NOUN
easat-7861	46	41	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	46	42	12	12	NUM
easat-7861	46	43	villages	village	NOUN
easat-7861	46	44	across	across	ADP
easat-7861	46	45	three	three	NUM
easat-7861	46	46	districts	district	NOUN
easat-7861	46	47	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	46	48	son	son	NOUN
easat-7861	46	49	la	la	PROPN
easat-7861	46	50	province	province	PROPN
easat-7861	46	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	47	1	a	a	DET
easat-7861	47	2	thorough	thorough	ADJ
easat-7861	47	3	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-7861	47	4	review	review	NOUN
easat-7861	47	5	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-7861	47	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	47	7	this	this	DET
easat-7861	47	8	research	research	NOUN
easat-7861	47	9	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	47	10	the	the	DET
easat-7861	47	11	first	first	ADJ
easat-7861	47	12	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-7861	47	13	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	47	14	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	47	15	the	the	DET
easat-7861	47	16	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	47	17	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	47	18	that	that	PRON
easat-7861	47	19	measures	measure	VERB
easat-7861	47	20	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	47	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	47	22	its	its	PRON
easat-7861	47	23	three	three	NUM
easat-7861	47	24	components	component	NOUN
easat-7861	47	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	47	26	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	47	27	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	47	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	47	29	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	47	30	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	47	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	47	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	47	33	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	47	34	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	47	35	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	47	36	using	use	VERB
easat-7861	47	37	the	the	DET
easat-7861	47	38	dea	dea	NOUN
easat-7861	47	39	method	method	NOUN
easat-7861	47	40	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	47	41	five	five	NUM
easat-7861	47	42	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	47	43	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-7861	47	44	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	47	45	a	a	DET
easat-7861	47	46	long	long	ADJ
easat-7861	47	47	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	47	48	term	term	NOUN
easat-7861	47	49	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	47	50	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	47	51	33	33	NUM
easat-7861	47	52	years	year	NOUN
easat-7861	47	53	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	47	54	1986–2018	1986–2018	NOUN
easat-7861	47	55	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	47	56	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	47	57	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	47	58	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	48	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	48	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-7861	48	3	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	48	4	this	this	DET
easat-7861	48	5	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	48	6	provide	provide	VERB
easat-7861	48	7	detailed	detailed	ADJ
easat-7861	48	8	answers	answer	NOUN
easat-7861	48	9	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	48	10	some	some	DET
easat-7861	48	11	basic	basic	ADJ
easat-7861	48	12	questions	question	NOUN
easat-7861	48	13	about	about	ADP
easat-7861	48	14	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	48	15	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	48	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	48	17	its	its	PRON
easat-7861	48	18	three	three	NUM
easat-7861	48	19	components	component	NOUN
easat-7861	48	20	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	48	21	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	48	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	49	1	2	2	X
easat-7861	49	2	.	.	X
easat-7861	49	3	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
easat-7861	49	4	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-7861	49	5	2.1	2.1	NUM
easat-7861	49	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	50	1	concepts	concept	NOUN
easat-7861	50	2	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	50	3	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	50	4	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	50	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	50	6	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	50	7	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	50	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	50	9	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	50	10	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	50	11	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	50	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	50	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	50	14	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	50	15	growth	growth	PROPN
easat-7861	50	16	2.1.1	2.1.1	NUM
easat-7861	50	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	51	1	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	51	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	51	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	51	4	te	te	PROPN
easat-7861	51	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	51	6	the	the	DET
easat-7861	51	7	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	51	8	possibility	possibility	NOUN
easat-7861	51	9	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	51	10	represents	represent	VERB
easat-7861	51	11	the	the	DET
easat-7861	51	12	highest	high	ADJ
easat-7861	51	13	amount	amount	NOUN
easat-7861	51	14	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	51	15	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	51	16	that	that	PRON
easat-7861	51	17	can	can	AUX
easat-7861	51	18	be	be	AUX
easat-7861	51	19	produced	produce	VERB
easat-7861	51	20	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	51	21	a	a	DET
easat-7861	51	22	group	group	NOUN
easat-7861	51	23	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	51	24	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-7861	51	25	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	51	26	making	make	VERB
easat-7861	51	27	units	unit	NOUN
easat-7861	51	28	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	51	29	dmus	dmus	PROPN
easat-7861	51	30	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	51	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	51	32	such	such	ADJ
easat-7861	51	33	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	51	34	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	51	35	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	51	36	this	this	DET
easat-7861	51	37	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	51	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	51	39	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	51	40	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-7861	51	41	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	51	42	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	51	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	52	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	52	2	discrepancy	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-7861	52	3	between	between	ADP
easat-7861	52	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	52	5	actual	actual	ADJ
easat-7861	52	6	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	52	7	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	52	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	52	9	this	this	DET
easat-7861	52	10	maximum	maximum	ADJ
easat-7861	52	11	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	52	12	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	52	13	a	a	DET
easat-7861	52	14	particular	particular	ADJ
easat-7861	52	15	combination	combination	NOUN
easat-7861	52	16	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	52	17	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-7861	52	18	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	52	19	utilised	utilise	VERB
easat-7861	52	20	to	to	PART
easat-7861	52	21	quantify	quantify	VERB
easat-7861	52	22	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	52	23	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	52	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	52	25	te	te	PROPN
easat-7861	52	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	52	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	53	1	this	this	PRON
easat-7861	53	2	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	53	3	depicted	depict	VERB
easat-7861	53	4	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	53	5	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-7861	53	6	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	53	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	53	8	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-7861	53	9	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	53	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	54	1	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	54	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	54	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	54	4	te	te	PROPN
easat-7861	54	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	54	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	55	1	assuming	assume	VERB
easat-7861	55	2	variable	variable	ADJ
easat-7861	55	3	returns	return	NOUN
easat-7861	55	4	to	to	PART
easat-7861	55	5	scale	scale	VERB
easat-7861	55	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	55	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	55	8	figure	figure	VERB
easat-7861	55	9	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	55	10	depicts	depict	VERB
easat-7861	55	11	the	the	DET
easat-7861	55	12	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	55	13	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	55	14	denoted	denote	VERB
easat-7861	55	15	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	55	16	f	f	PROPN
easat-7861	55	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	55	18	which	which	PRON
easat-7861	55	19	represents	represent	VERB
easat-7861	55	20	the	the	DET
easat-7861	55	21	maximum	maximum	ADJ
easat-7861	55	22	potential	potential	ADJ
easat-7861	55	23	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	55	24	that	that	PRON
easat-7861	55	25	dmus	dmus	NOUN
easat-7861	55	26	can	can	AUX
easat-7861	55	27	produce	produce	VERB
easat-7861	55	28	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	55	29	full	full	ADJ
easat-7861	55	30	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	55	31	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	55	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	56	1	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	56	2	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-7861	56	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	56	4	some	some	DET
easat-7861	56	5	dmus	dmus	NOUN
easat-7861	56	6	may	may	AUX
easat-7861	56	7	not	not	PART
easat-7861	56	8	be	be	AUX
easat-7861	56	9	able	able	ADJ
easat-7861	56	10	to	to	PART
easat-7861	56	11	achieve	achieve	VERB
easat-7861	56	12	complete	complete	ADJ
easat-7861	56	13	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	56	14	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	56	15	because	because	SCONJ
easat-7861	56	16	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	56	17	various	various	ADJ
easat-7861	56	18	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	56	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	56	20	such	such	ADJ
easat-7861	56	21	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	56	22	a	a	DET
easat-7861	56	23	lack	lack	NOUN
easat-7861	56	24	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	56	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-7861	56	26	about	about	ADP
easat-7861	56	27	the	the	DET
easat-7861	56	28	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	56	29	process	process	NOUN
easat-7861	56	30	or	or	CCONJ
easat-7861	56	31	organisational	organisational	ADJ
easat-7861	56	32	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-7861	56	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	57	1	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	57	2	a	a	DET
easat-7861	57	3	result	result	NOUN
easat-7861	57	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	57	5	they	they	PRON
easat-7861	57	6	may	may	AUX
easat-7861	57	7	produce	produce	VERB
easat-7861	57	8	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	57	9	a	a	DET
easat-7861	57	10	point	point	NOUN
easat-7861	57	11	below	below	ADP
easat-7861	57	12	the	the	DET
easat-7861	57	13	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	57	14	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	57	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	57	16	such	such	ADJ
easat-7861	57	17	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	57	18	point	point	NOUN
easat-7861	57	19	a	a	DET
easat-7861	57	20	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	57	21	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-7861	57	22	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	57	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	58	1	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	58	2	point	point	NOUN
easat-7861	58	3	a	a	PRON
easat-7861	58	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	58	5	the	the	DET
easat-7861	58	6	dmu	dmu	PROPN
easat-7861	58	7	produces	produce	VERB
easat-7861	58	8	q1	q1	PROPN
easat-7861	58	9	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	58	10	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	58	11	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	58	12	quantity	quantity	NOUN
easat-7861	58	13	x.	x.	NOUN
easat-7861	59	1	however	however	ADV
easat-7861	59	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	59	3	if	if	SCONJ
easat-7861	59	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	59	5	dmu	dmu	PROPN
easat-7861	59	6	were	be	AUX
easat-7861	59	7	fully	fully	ADV
easat-7861	59	8	technically	technically	ADV
easat-7861	59	9	628	628	NUM
easat-7861	59	10	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	59	11	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	59	12	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	59	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	59	14	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	59	15	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	59	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	59	17	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	59	18	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	59	19	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	59	20	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	59	21	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	60	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	60	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	60	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	60	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	61	1	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	61	2	:	:	SYM
easat-7861	61	3	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	61	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	61	5	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	61	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	61	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	61	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-7861	61	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	61	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	61	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	61	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	61	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	61	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	61	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	61	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	61	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	61	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-7861	61	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-7861	61	20	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-7861	61	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	61	22	it	it	PRON
easat-7861	61	23	would	would	AUX
easat-7861	61	24	produce	produce	VERB
easat-7861	61	25	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	61	26	point	point	NOUN
easat-7861	61	27	b	b	NOUN
easat-7861	61	28	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	61	29	the	the	DET
easat-7861	61	30	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	61	31	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	61	32	f	f	PROPN
easat-7861	61	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	61	34	which	which	PRON
easat-7861	61	35	produces	produce	VERB
easat-7861	61	36	q2	q2	NOUN
easat-7861	61	37	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	61	38	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	61	39	the	the	DET
easat-7861	61	40	same	same	ADJ
easat-7861	61	41	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	61	42	quantity	quantity	NOUN
easat-7861	61	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	62	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	62	2	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	62	3	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	62	4	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	62	5	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	62	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	62	7	te	te	INTJ
easat-7861	62	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	62	9	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	62	10	calculated	calculate	VERB
easat-7861	62	11	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	62	12	the	the	DET
easat-7861	62	13	ratio	ratio	NOUN
easat-7861	62	14	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	62	15	q1	q1	PROPN
easat-7861	62	16	/	/	SYM
easat-7861	62	17	q2	q2	NOUN
easat-7861	62	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	63	1	2.1.2	2.1.2	X
easat-7861	63	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	63	3	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	63	4	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	63	5	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	63	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	63	7	tec	tec	NOUN
easat-7861	63	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	63	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	63	10	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	63	11	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	63	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	63	13	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	63	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	63	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	63	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	63	17	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	63	18	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	63	19	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-7861	63	20	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	63	21	.	.	X
easat-7861	63	22	tec	tec	ADJ
easat-7861	63	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	63	24	tc	tc	PROPN
easat-7861	63	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	63	26	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	63	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	64	1	following	follow	VERB
easat-7861	64	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-7861	64	3	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	64	4	sun	sun	NOUN
easat-7861	64	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	64	6	kalirajan	kalirajan	NOUN
easat-7861	64	7	[	[	X
easat-7861	64	8	16	16	NUM
easat-7861	64	9	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	64	10	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-7861	64	11	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	64	12	assumes	assume	VERB
easat-7861	64	13	that	that	PRON
easat-7861	64	14	points	point	VERB
easat-7861	64	15	a	a	PRON
easat-7861	64	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	64	17	e	e	NOUN
easat-7861	64	18	are	be	AUX
easat-7861	64	19	actual	actual	ADJ
easat-7861	64	20	productions	production	NOUN
easat-7861	64	21	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	64	22	time	time	NOUN
easat-7861	64	23	points	point	NOUN
easat-7861	64	24	t1	t1	NOUN
easat-7861	64	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	64	26	t2	t2	NOUN
easat-7861	64	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	64	28	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-7861	64	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	65	1	f1	f1	PROPN
easat-7861	65	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	65	3	f2	f2	PROPN
easat-7861	65	4	refer	refer	VERB
easat-7861	65	5	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	65	6	the	the	DET
easat-7861	65	7	potential	potential	ADJ
easat-7861	65	8	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	65	9	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	65	10	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	65	11	time	time	NOUN
easat-7861	65	12	periods	period	NOUN
easat-7861	65	13	t1	t1	NOUN
easat-7861	65	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	65	15	t2	t2	NOUN
easat-7861	65	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	65	17	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-7861	65	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	65	19	while	while	SCONJ
easat-7861	65	20	x1	x1	PROPN
easat-7861	65	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	65	22	x2	x2	PROPN
easat-7861	65	23	are	be	AUX
easat-7861	65	24	the	the	DET
easat-7861	65	25	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	65	26	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	65	27	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-7861	65	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	65	29	qij	qij	NOUN
easat-7861	65	30	reflects	reflect	VERB
easat-7861	65	31	the	the	DET
easat-7861	65	32	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	65	33	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	65	34	outputs	output	NOUN
easat-7861	65	35	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	65	36	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	65	37	q11	q11	NOUN
easat-7861	65	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	65	39	q*11	q*11	PROPN
easat-7861	65	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	65	41	q*12	q*12	NOUN
easat-7861	65	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	65	43	q*21	q*21	PROPN
easat-7861	65	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	65	45	q22	q22	NOUN
easat-7861	65	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	65	47	q*22	q*22	PROPN
easat-7861	65	48	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	65	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	66	1	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	66	2	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	66	3	—	—	PUNCT
easat-7861	66	4	which	which	PRON
easat-7861	66	5	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	66	6	the	the	DET
easat-7861	66	7	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	66	8	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	66	9	a	a	PRON
easat-7861	66	10	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	66	11	e	e	NOUN
easat-7861	66	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	66	13	q22	q22	INTJ
easat-7861	66	14	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	66	15	q11)—can	q11)—can	AUX
easat-7861	66	16	be	be	AUX
easat-7861	66	17	decomposed	decompose	VERB
easat-7861	66	18	as	as	SCONJ
easat-7861	66	19	follows	follow	VERB
easat-7861	66	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	66	21	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	66	22	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	66	23	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	66	24	q22	q22	NOUN
easat-7861	66	25	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	66	26	q11	q11	NOUN
easat-7861	66	27	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	66	28	ab	ab	PROPN
easat-7861	66	29	+	+	CCONJ
easat-7861	66	30	bc	bc	PROPN
easat-7861	66	31	+	+	CCONJ
easat-7861	66	32	fe	fe	X
easat-7861	66	33	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	66	34	ab	ab	PROPN
easat-7861	67	1	+	+	CCONJ
easat-7861	67	2	bc	bc	PROPN
easat-7861	67	3	+	+	CCONJ
easat-7861	67	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	67	5	fd	fd	X
easat-7861	67	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	67	7	de	de	NOUN
easat-7861	67	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	67	9	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	67	10	ab	ab	PROPN
easat-7861	67	11	de	de	PROPN
easat-7861	67	12	+	+	PROPN
easat-7861	67	13	bc	bc	PROPN
easat-7861	67	14	+	+	CCONJ
easat-7861	67	15	fd	fd	X
easat-7861	68	1	=	=	PUNCT
easat-7861	68	2	[	[	X
easat-7861	68	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	68	4	q*11	q*11	INTJ
easat-7861	68	5	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	68	6	q11	q11	NOUN
easat-7861	68	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	68	8	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	68	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	68	10	q*22	q*22	NOUN
easat-7861	68	11	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	68	12	q22	q22	NOUN
easat-7861	68	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	68	14	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	1	+	+	CCONJ
easat-7861	69	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	3	q*21	q*21	PROPN
easat-7861	69	4	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	5	q*11	q*11	NUM
easat-7861	69	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	7	+	+	CCONJ
easat-7861	69	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	9	q*22	q*22	PROPN
easat-7861	69	10	q*21	q*21	PROPN
easat-7861	69	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	12	where	where	SCONJ
easat-7861	69	13	ab	ab	PROPN
easat-7861	69	14	=	=	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	16	q*11	q*11	INTJ
easat-7861	69	17	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	18	q11	q11	NOUN
easat-7861	69	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	20	shows	show	VERB
easat-7861	69	21	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	69	22	the	the	DET
easat-7861	69	23	firm	firm	NOUN
easat-7861	69	24	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	69	25	not	not	PART
easat-7861	69	26	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-7861	69	27	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	69	28	the	the	DET
easat-7861	69	29	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	69	30	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	69	31	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	69	32	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	69	33	t1	t1	NOUN
easat-7861	69	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	69	36	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	37	q*22	q*22	NOUN
easat-7861	69	38	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	39	q22	q22	NOUN
easat-7861	69	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	69	41	measures	measure	VERB
easat-7861	69	42	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	69	43	inefficiency	inefficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	69	44	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	69	45	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	69	46	t2	t2	NOUN
easat-7861	69	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	70	1	bc	bc	PROPN
easat-7861	70	2	=	=	PRON
easat-7861	70	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	70	4	q*21	q*21	PROPN
easat-7861	70	5	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	70	6	q*11	q*11	NOUN
easat-7861	70	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	70	8	measures	measure	VERB
easat-7861	70	9	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-7861	70	10	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	70	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	70	12	which	which	PRON
easat-7861	70	13	means	mean	VERB
easat-7861	70	14	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	70	15	the	the	DET
easat-7861	70	16	same	same	ADJ
easat-7861	70	17	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	70	18	amount	amount	NOUN
easat-7861	70	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	70	20	x1	x1	PROPN
easat-7861	70	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	70	22	but	but	CCONJ
easat-7861	70	23	using	use	VERB
easat-7861	70	24	different	different	ADJ
easat-7861	70	25	levels	level	NOUN
easat-7861	70	26	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	70	27	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	70	28	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	70	29	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	70	30	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-7861	70	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	70	32	f2	f2	PROPN
easat-7861	70	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	70	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	71	1	fd	fd	PROPN
easat-7861	72	1	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	72	2	ed	ed	NOUN
easat-7861	72	3	=	=	PUNCT
easat-7861	72	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	72	5	q*22	q*22	PROPN
easat-7861	72	6	q*21	q*21	PROPN
easat-7861	72	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	72	8	shows	show	VERB
easat-7861	72	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	72	10	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	72	11	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	72	12	that	that	PRON
easat-7861	72	13	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	72	14	based	base	VERB
easat-7861	72	15	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	72	16	the	the	DET
easat-7861	72	17	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	72	18	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	72	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	72	20	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	72	21	x1	x1	PROPN
easat-7861	72	22	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	72	23	x2	x2	NUM
easat-7861	72	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	72	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	72	26	using	use	VERB
easat-7861	72	27	the	the	DET
easat-7861	72	28	same	same	ADJ
easat-7861	72	29	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	72	30	f2	f2	PROPN
easat-7861	72	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	73	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-7861	73	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	73	3	∆y	∆y	PROPN
easat-7861	73	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	73	5	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	73	6	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	73	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	73	8	=	=	PUNCT
easat-7861	73	9	∆tec	∆tec	ADJ
easat-7861	73	10	+	+	CCONJ
easat-7861	73	11	∆tc	∆tc	X
easat-7861	73	12	+	+	CCONJ
easat-7861	73	13	∆x	∆x	PROPN
easat-7861	73	14	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	73	15	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	73	16	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	73	17	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	73	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	73	19	tec	tec	NOUN
easat-7861	73	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	73	21	+	+	CCONJ
easat-7861	73	22	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	73	23	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	73	24	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	73	25	x1	x1	PROPN
easat-7861	73	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	73	27	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	73	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	73	29	+	+	NUM
easat-7861	73	30	contribution	contribution	NOUN
easat-7861	73	31	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	73	32	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	73	33	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	73	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	74	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	74	2	term	term	NOUN
easat-7861	74	3	‘	'	PUNCT
easat-7861	74	4	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	74	5	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	74	6	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	74	7	’	'	PUNCT
easat-7861	74	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	74	9	tec	tec	NOUN
easat-7861	74	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	74	11	pertains	pertain	VERB
easat-7861	74	12	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	74	13	the	the	DET
easat-7861	74	14	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	74	15	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	74	16	the	the	DET
easat-7861	74	17	gap	gap	NOUN
easat-7861	74	18	between	between	ADP
easat-7861	74	19	real	real	ADJ
easat-7861	74	20	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	74	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	74	22	ideal	ideal	ADJ
easat-7861	74	23	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	74	24	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	74	25	the	the	DET
easat-7861	74	26	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	74	27	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	74	28	while	while	SCONJ
easat-7861	74	29	maintaining	maintain	VERB
easat-7861	74	30	the	the	DET
easat-7861	74	31	same	same	ADJ
easat-7861	74	32	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	74	33	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	74	34	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-7861	74	35	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	74	36	time	time	NOUN
easat-7861	74	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	75	1	if	if	SCONJ
easat-7861	75	2	the	the	DET
easat-7861	75	3	tec	tec	ADJ
easat-7861	75	4	value	value	NOUN
easat-7861	75	5	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	75	6	more	more	ADJ
easat-7861	75	7	than	than	ADP
easat-7861	75	8	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	75	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	75	10	it	it	PRON
easat-7861	75	11	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-7861	75	12	there	there	PRON
easat-7861	75	13	was	be	VERB
easat-7861	75	14	an	an	DET
easat-7861	75	15	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
easat-7861	75	16	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	75	17	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	75	18	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	75	19	between	between	ADP
easat-7861	75	20	time	time	NOUN
easat-7861	75	21	periods	period	NOUN
easat-7861	75	22	t1	t1	NOUN
easat-7861	75	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	75	24	t2	t2	NOUN
easat-7861	75	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	75	26	while	while	SCONJ
easat-7861	75	27	a	a	DET
easat-7861	75	28	tec	tec	ADJ
easat-7861	75	29	value	value	NOUN
easat-7861	75	30	less	less	ADJ
easat-7861	75	31	than	than	ADP
easat-7861	75	32	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	75	33	signifies	signify	VERB
easat-7861	75	34	a	a	DET
easat-7861	75	35	reduction	reduction	NOUN
easat-7861	75	36	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	75	37	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	75	38	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	75	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	76	1	629	629	NUM
easat-7861	76	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	76	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	76	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	76	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	76	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	76	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	76	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	76	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	76	10	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	76	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	76	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	76	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	77	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	77	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	77	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	77	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	78	1	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	78	2	:	:	SYM
easat-7861	78	3	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	78	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	78	5	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	78	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	78	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	78	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-7861	78	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	78	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	78	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	78	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	78	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	78	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	78	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	78	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	78	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	78	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-7861	78	19	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-7861	78	20	technical	technical	PROPN
easat-7861	78	21	change	change	PROPN
easat-7861	78	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	78	23	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	78	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	78	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	78	26	also	also	ADV
easat-7861	78	27	known	know	VERB
easat-7861	78	28	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	78	29	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-7861	78	30	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	78	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	78	32	refers	refer	VERB
easat-7861	78	33	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	78	34	changes	change	NOUN
easat-7861	78	35	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	78	36	the	the	DET
easat-7861	78	37	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	78	38	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	78	39	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	78	40	time	time	NOUN
easat-7861	78	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	79	1	a	a	DET
easat-7861	79	2	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	79	3	value	value	NOUN
easat-7861	79	4	greater	great	ADJ
easat-7861	79	5	than	than	ADP
easat-7861	79	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	79	7	less	less	ADJ
easat-7861	79	8	than	than	ADP
easat-7861	79	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	79	10	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	79	11	indicates	indicate	VERB
easat-7861	79	12	the	the	DET
easat-7861	79	13	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	79	14	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	79	15	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	79	16	moving	move	VERB
easat-7861	79	17	outward	outward	ADV
easat-7861	79	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	79	19	inward	inward	ADV
easat-7861	79	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	79	21	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	79	22	its	its	PRON
easat-7861	79	23	starting	starting	NOUN
easat-7861	79	24	point	point	NOUN
easat-7861	79	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	80	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
easat-7861	80	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	80	3	malmquist	malmquist	PROPN
easat-7861	80	4	dea	dea	PROPN
easat-7861	80	5	method	method	PROPN
easat-7861	80	6	according	accord	VERB
easat-7861	80	7	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	80	8	färe	färe	PROPN
easat-7861	80	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	80	10	et	et	PROPN
easat-7861	80	11	al	al	PROPN
easat-7861	80	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	81	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	81	2	17	17	NUM
easat-7861	81	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	81	4	it	it	PRON
easat-7861	81	5	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	81	6	possible	possible	ADJ
easat-7861	81	7	to	to	PART
easat-7861	81	8	calculate	calculate	VERB
easat-7861	81	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	81	10	malmquist	malmquist	NOUN
easat-7861	81	11	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	81	12	index	index	NOUN
easat-7861	81	13	without	without	ADP
easat-7861	81	14	using	use	VERB
easat-7861	81	15	price	price	NOUN
easat-7861	81	16	data	datum	NOUN
easat-7861	81	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	1	their	their	PRON
easat-7861	82	2	method	method	NOUN
easat-7861	82	3	involves	involve	VERB
easat-7861	82	4	defining	define	VERB
easat-7861	82	5	the	the	DET
easat-7861	82	6	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	82	7	distance	distance	NOUN
easat-7861	82	8	function	function	NOUN
easat-7861	82	9	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	82	10	the	the	DET
easat-7861	82	11	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	82	12	set	set	VERB
easat-7861	82	13	p(x	p(x	PROPN
easat-7861	82	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	16	which	which	PRON
easat-7861	82	17	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	82	18	as	as	SCONJ
easat-7861	82	19	follows	follow	VERB
easat-7861	82	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	21	𝑑(𝑥	𝑑(𝑥	PROPN
easat-7861	82	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	23	𝑦	𝑦	X
easat-7861	82	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	25	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	82	26	𝑚𝑖𝑛	𝑚𝑖𝑛	NOUN
easat-7861	82	27	{	{	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	28	𝛿	𝛿	NOUN
easat-7861	82	29	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	31	𝑦	𝑦	NOUN
easat-7861	82	32	𝛿	𝛿	ADJ
easat-7861	82	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	34	∈	∈	PROPN
easat-7861	82	35	𝑃(𝑥	𝑃(𝑥	NOUN
easat-7861	82	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	37	}	}	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	39	1	1	X
easat-7861	82	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	41	the	the	DET
easat-7861	82	42	feasible	feasible	ADJ
easat-7861	82	43	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	82	44	set	set	NOUN
easat-7861	82	45	p(x	p(x	NOUN
easat-7861	82	46	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	82	47	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	82	48	the	the	DET
easat-7861	82	49	set	set	NOUN
easat-7861	82	50	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	82	51	all	all	DET
easat-7861	82	52	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	82	53	vectors	vector	NOUN
easat-7861	82	54	y	y	PRON
easat-7861	82	55	that	that	PRON
easat-7861	82	56	can	can	AUX
easat-7861	82	57	be	be	AUX
easat-7861	82	58	produced	produce	VERB
easat-7861	82	59	using	use	VERB
easat-7861	82	60	a	a	DET
easat-7861	82	61	given	give	VERB
easat-7861	82	62	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	82	63	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-7861	82	64	x.	x.	NOUN
easat-7861	83	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	83	2	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	83	3	distance	distance	NOUN
easat-7861	83	4	function	function	NOUN
easat-7861	83	5	d(x	d(x	PROPN
easat-7861	83	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	83	7	y	y	NOUN
easat-7861	83	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	83	9	measures	measure	VERB
easat-7861	83	10	the	the	DET
easat-7861	83	11	distance	distance	NOUN
easat-7861	83	12	between	between	ADP
easat-7861	83	13	the	the	DET
easat-7861	83	14	actual	actual	ADJ
easat-7861	83	15	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	83	16	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-7861	83	17	y	y	PROPN
easat-7861	83	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	83	19	the	the	DET
easat-7861	83	20	maximum	maximum	ADJ
easat-7861	83	21	feasible	feasible	ADJ
easat-7861	83	22	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	83	23	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-7861	83	24	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	83	25	the	the	DET
easat-7861	83	26	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	83	27	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-7861	83	28	x.	x.	NOUN
easat-7861	84	1	if	if	SCONJ
easat-7861	84	2	y	y	PROPN
easat-7861	84	3	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	84	4	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	84	5	the	the	DET
easat-7861	84	6	boundary	boundary	NOUN
easat-7861	84	7	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	84	8	the	the	DET
easat-7861	84	9	feasible	feasible	ADJ
easat-7861	84	10	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	84	11	set	set	NOUN
easat-7861	84	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	84	13	the	the	DET
easat-7861	84	14	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	84	15	distance	distance	NOUN
easat-7861	84	16	function	function	NOUN
easat-7861	84	17	will	will	AUX
easat-7861	84	18	be	be	AUX
easat-7861	84	19	equal	equal	ADJ
easat-7861	84	20	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	84	21	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	84	22	or	or	CCONJ
easat-7861	84	23	less	less	ADJ
easat-7861	84	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	85	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	85	2	malmquist	malmquist	PROPN
easat-7861	85	3	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	85	4	index	index	NOUN
easat-7861	85	5	can	can	AUX
easat-7861	85	6	be	be	AUX
easat-7861	85	7	used	use	VERB
easat-7861	85	8	to	to	PART
easat-7861	85	9	calculate	calculate	VERB
easat-7861	85	10	the	the	DET
easat-7861	85	11	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	85	12	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	85	13	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	85	14	between	between	ADP
easat-7861	85	15	two	two	NUM
easat-7861	85	16	periods	period	NOUN
easat-7861	85	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	86	1	this	this	DET
easat-7861	86	2	index	index	NOUN
easat-7861	86	3	estimates	estimate	VERB
easat-7861	86	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	86	5	distance	distance	NOUN
easat-7861	86	6	functions	function	NOUN
easat-7861	86	7	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	86	8	each	each	DET
easat-7861	86	9	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	86	10	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	86	11	the	the	DET
easat-7861	86	12	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-7861	86	13	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	86	14	using	use	VERB
easat-7861	86	15	an	an	DET
easat-7861	86	16	outputoriented	outputoriente	VERB
easat-7861	86	17	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-7861	86	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	87	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	87	2	malmquist	malmquist	PROPN
easat-7861	87	3	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	87	4	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	87	5	index	index	NOUN
easat-7861	87	6	between	between	ADP
easat-7861	87	7	a	a	DET
easat-7861	87	8	base	base	NOUN
easat-7861	87	9	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	87	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	87	11	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	87	12	s	s	PART
easat-7861	87	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	87	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	87	15	another	another	DET
easat-7861	87	16	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	87	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	87	18	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	87	19	t	t	PROPN
easat-7861	87	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	87	21	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	87	22	calculated	calculate	VERB
easat-7861	87	23	based	base	VERB
easat-7861	87	24	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	87	25	the	the	DET
easat-7861	87	26	method	method	NOUN
easat-7861	87	27	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-7861	87	28	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	87	29	färe	färe	PROPN
easat-7861	87	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	87	31	et	et	PROPN
easat-7861	87	32	al	al	PROPN
easat-7861	87	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	88	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	88	2	17	17	NUM
easat-7861	88	3	]	]	SYM
easat-7861	88	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	88	5	𝑚0(𝑦𝑠	𝑚0(𝑦𝑠	NUM
easat-7861	88	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	88	7	𝑥𝑠	𝑥𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	88	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	88	9	𝑦𝑡	𝑦𝑡	INTJ
easat-7861	88	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	88	11	𝑥𝑡	𝑥𝑡	ADJ
easat-7861	88	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	88	13	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	89	1	[	[	PUNCT
easat-7861	89	2	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	89	3	𝑠(𝑦𝑡,𝑥𝑡	𝑠(𝑦𝑡,𝑥𝑡	NOUN
easat-7861	89	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	89	5	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	89	6	𝑠(𝑦𝑠,𝑥𝑠	𝑠(𝑦𝑠,𝑥𝑠	NOUN
easat-7861	89	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	90	1	𝑥	𝑥	PRON
easat-7861	90	2	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	90	3	𝑡	𝑡	X
easat-7861	90	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	90	5	𝑦𝑡,𝑥𝑡	𝑦𝑡,𝑥𝑡	NOUN
easat-7861	90	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	90	7	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	90	8	𝑡	𝑡	X
easat-7861	90	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	90	10	𝑦𝑠,𝑥𝑠	𝑦𝑠,𝑥𝑠	NOUN
easat-7861	90	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	90	12	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	91	1	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	91	2	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	91	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	91	4	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	91	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	91	6	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	91	7	which	which	PRON
easat-7861	91	8	𝑑𝑡	𝑑𝑡	ADP
easat-7861	91	9	𝑠	𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	91	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	91	11	𝑑𝑠	𝑑𝑠	NOUN
easat-7861	91	12	𝑠	𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	91	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	91	14	𝑑𝑡	𝑑𝑡	ADP
easat-7861	91	15	𝑡	𝑡	PROPN
easat-7861	91	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	91	17	𝑑𝑠	𝑑𝑠	PRON
easat-7861	91	18	𝑡	𝑡	PROPN
easat-7861	91	19	are	be	AUX
easat-7861	91	20	distance	distance	NOUN
easat-7861	91	21	functions	function	NOUN
easat-7861	91	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	91	23	y	y	NOUN
easat-7861	91	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	91	25	x	x	PRON
easat-7861	91	26	are	be	AUX
easat-7861	91	27	the	the	DET
easat-7861	91	28	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	91	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	91	30	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	91	31	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-7861	91	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	92	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	92	2	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	92	3	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	92	4	index	index	NOUN
easat-7861	92	5	represented	represent	VERB
easat-7861	92	6	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	92	7	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-7861	92	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	92	9	2	2	X
easat-7861	92	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	92	11	can	can	AUX
easat-7861	92	12	be	be	AUX
easat-7861	92	13	expressed	express	VERB
easat-7861	92	14	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	92	15	the	the	DET
easat-7861	92	16	multiplication	multiplication	NOUN
easat-7861	92	17	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	92	18	two	two	NUM
easat-7861	92	19	indices	index	NOUN
easat-7861	92	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	92	21	the	the	DET
easat-7861	92	22	tec	tec	ADJ
easat-7861	92	23	index	index	NOUN
easat-7861	92	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	92	25	the	the	DET
easat-7861	92	26	tc	tc	NUM
easat-7861	92	27	index	index	NOUN
easat-7861	92	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	1	𝑀0	𝑀0	ADJ
easat-7861	93	2	𝑡(𝑦𝑠	𝑡(𝑦𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	93	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	4	𝑥𝑠	𝑥𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	93	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	6	𝑦𝑡	𝑦𝑡	INTJ
easat-7861	93	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	8	𝑥𝑡	𝑥𝑡	ADJ
easat-7861	93	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	10	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	93	11	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	93	12	𝑡	𝑡	X
easat-7861	93	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	14	𝑦𝑡	𝑦𝑡	INTJ
easat-7861	93	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	16	𝑥𝑡	𝑥𝑡	ADJ
easat-7861	93	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	18	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	93	19	𝑠(𝑦𝑠	𝑠(𝑦𝑠	NUM
easat-7861	93	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	21	𝑥𝑠	𝑥𝑠	ADP
easat-7861	93	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	23	[	[	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	24	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	93	25	𝑠(𝑦𝑡	𝑠(𝑦𝑡	PROPN
easat-7861	93	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	27	𝑥𝑡	𝑥𝑡	ADV
easat-7861	93	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	29	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	93	30	𝑡	𝑡	X
easat-7861	93	31	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	32	𝑦𝑡	𝑦𝑡	INTJ
easat-7861	93	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	34	𝑥𝑡	𝑥𝑡	ADJ
easat-7861	93	35	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	36	𝑥	𝑥	DET
easat-7861	93	37	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	93	38	𝑠(𝑦𝑠	𝑠(𝑦𝑠	NUM
easat-7861	93	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	40	𝑥𝑠	𝑥𝑠	ADJ
easat-7861	93	41	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	42	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	93	43	𝑡	𝑡	X
easat-7861	93	44	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	45	𝑦𝑠	𝑦𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	93	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	47	𝑥𝑠	𝑥𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	93	48	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	49	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	50	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	93	51	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	93	52	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	93	53	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	93	54	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	93	55	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	56	tec	tec	NOUN
easat-7861	93	57	):	):	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	58	𝑇𝐸𝐶	𝑇𝐸𝐶	PROPN
easat-7861	93	59	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	93	60	𝑑0	𝑑0	PROPN
easat-7861	93	61	𝑡	𝑡	PROPN
easat-7861	93	62	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	63	𝑦𝑡,𝑥𝑡	𝑦𝑡,𝑥𝑡	NOUN
easat-7861	93	64	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	65	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	93	66	𝑠(𝑦𝑠,𝑥𝑠	𝑠(𝑦𝑠,𝑥𝑠	NOUN
easat-7861	93	67	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	68	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	93	69	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	93	70	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	93	71	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	72	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	93	73	):	):	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	74	𝑇𝐶	𝑇𝐶	ADJ
easat-7861	93	75	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	93	76	[	[	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	77	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	93	78	𝑠(𝑦𝑡	𝑠(𝑦𝑡	PROPN
easat-7861	93	79	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	80	𝑥𝑡	𝑥𝑡	ADV
easat-7861	93	81	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	82	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	93	83	𝑡	𝑡	X
easat-7861	93	84	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	85	𝑦𝑡	𝑦𝑡	INTJ
easat-7861	93	86	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	87	𝑥𝑡	𝑥𝑡	ADJ
easat-7861	93	88	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	89	𝑥	𝑥	PRON
easat-7861	93	90	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	93	91	𝑠(𝑦𝑠	𝑠(𝑦𝑠	NUM
easat-7861	93	92	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	93	𝑥𝑠	𝑥𝑠	ADJ
easat-7861	93	94	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	95	𝑑0	𝑑0	NOUN
easat-7861	93	96	𝑡	𝑡	X
easat-7861	93	97	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	98	𝑦𝑠	𝑦𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	93	99	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	100	𝑥𝑠	𝑥𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	93	101	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	102	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	103	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	93	104	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	93	105	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-7861	93	106	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	107	4	4	X
easat-7861	93	108	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	93	109	can	can	AUX
easat-7861	93	110	be	be	AUX
easat-7861	93	111	separated	separate	VERB
easat-7861	93	112	into	into	ADP
easat-7861	93	113	two	two	NUM
easat-7861	93	114	parts	part	NOUN
easat-7861	93	115	to	to	PART
easat-7861	93	116	define	define	VERB
easat-7861	93	117	the	the	DET
easat-7861	93	118	tec	tec	NOUN
easat-7861	93	119	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	94	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	94	2	first	first	ADJ
easat-7861	94	3	part	part	NOUN
easat-7861	94	4	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	94	5	the	the	DET
easat-7861	94	6	pure	pure	ADJ
easat-7861	94	7	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	94	8	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	94	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	94	10	which	which	PRON
easat-7861	94	11	measures	measure	VERB
easat-7861	94	12	the	the	DET
easat-7861	94	13	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	94	14	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	94	15	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	94	16	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	94	17	related	relate	VERB
easat-7861	94	18	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	94	19	variable	variable	ADJ
easat-7861	94	20	returns	return	NOUN
easat-7861	94	21	to	to	PART
easat-7861	94	22	scale	scale	VERB
easat-7861	94	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	95	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	95	2	second	second	ADJ
easat-7861	95	3	part	part	NOUN
easat-7861	95	4	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	95	5	the	the	DET
easat-7861	95	6	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	95	7	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	95	8	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	95	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	95	10	which	which	PRON
easat-7861	95	11	measures	measure	VERB
easat-7861	95	12	the	the	DET
easat-7861	95	13	shift	shift	NOUN
easat-7861	95	14	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	95	15	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	95	16	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	95	17	variable	variable	ADJ
easat-7861	95	18	returns	return	NOUN
easat-7861	95	19	to	to	PART
easat-7861	95	20	scale	scale	VERB
easat-7861	95	21	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	95	22	constant	constant	ADJ
easat-7861	95	23	returns	return	NOUN
easat-7861	95	24	to	to	PART
easat-7861	95	25	scale	scale	VERB
easat-7861	95	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	1	𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑒	𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑒	PROPN
easat-7861	96	2	𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦	𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦	VERB
easat-7861	96	3	𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒	𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒	NOUN
easat-7861	96	4	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	96	5	𝑑𝑜𝑣	𝑑𝑜𝑣	X
easat-7861	96	6	𝑡	𝑡	SYM
easat-7861	96	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	8	𝑦𝑡	𝑦𝑡	INTJ
easat-7861	96	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	10	𝑥𝑡	𝑥𝑡	ADJ
easat-7861	96	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	12	𝑑𝑜𝑣	𝑑𝑜𝑣	X
easat-7861	96	13	𝑠	𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	96	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	15	𝑦𝑠	𝑦𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	96	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	17	𝑥𝑠	𝑥𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	96	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	96	20	a	a	DET
easat-7861	96	21	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	96	22	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	96	23	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	96	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	25	sec	sec	PROPN
easat-7861	96	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	27	component	component	NOUN
easat-7861	96	28	𝑆𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒	𝑆𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒	PROPN
easat-7861	96	29	𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦	𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦	VERB
easat-7861	96	30	𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒	𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒	NOUN
easat-7861	96	31	=	=	SYM
easat-7861	96	32	𝑑𝑜𝑣	𝑑𝑜𝑣	X
easat-7861	96	33	𝑡	𝑡	SYM
easat-7861	96	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	35	𝑦𝑡	𝑦𝑡	PROPN
easat-7861	96	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	37	𝑥𝑡)/𝑑𝑜𝑐	𝑥𝑡)/𝑑𝑜𝑐	PROPN
easat-7861	96	38	𝑡	𝑡	X
easat-7861	96	39	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	40	𝑦𝑡	𝑦𝑡	PROPN
easat-7861	96	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	42	𝑥𝑡	𝑥𝑡	ADV
easat-7861	96	43	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	44	𝑑𝑜𝑣	𝑑𝑜𝑣	PROPN
easat-7861	96	45	𝑡	𝑡	PROPN
easat-7861	96	46	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	47	𝑦𝑠	𝑦𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	96	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	49	𝑥𝑠)/𝑑𝑜𝑐	𝑥𝑠)/𝑑𝑜𝑐	PROPN
easat-7861	96	50	𝑡	𝑡	PROPN
easat-7861	96	51	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	52	𝑦𝑠	𝑦𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	96	53	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	54	𝑥𝑠	𝑥𝑠	ADJ
easat-7861	96	55	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	56	𝑥	𝑥	PRON
easat-7861	96	57	𝑑𝑜𝑣	𝑑𝑜𝑣	X
easat-7861	96	58	𝑠	𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	96	59	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	60	𝑦𝑡	𝑦𝑡	PROPN
easat-7861	96	61	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	62	𝑥𝑡)/𝑑𝑜𝑐	𝑥𝑡)/𝑑𝑜𝑐	PRON
easat-7861	96	63	𝑠	𝑠	INTJ
easat-7861	96	64	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	65	𝑦𝑡	𝑦𝑡	INTJ
easat-7861	96	66	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	67	𝑥𝑡	𝑥𝑡	ADJ
easat-7861	96	68	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	69	𝑑𝑜𝑣	𝑑𝑜𝑣	X
easat-7861	96	70	𝑠	𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	96	71	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	72	𝑦𝑠	𝑦𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	96	73	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	74	𝑥𝑠)/𝑑𝑜𝑐	𝑥𝑠)/𝑑𝑜𝑐	PROPN
easat-7861	96	75	𝑠	𝑠	INTJ
easat-7861	96	76	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	77	𝑦𝑠	𝑦𝑠	INTJ
easat-7861	96	78	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	79	𝑥𝑠	𝑥𝑠	PROPN
easat-7861	96	80	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	81	where	where	SCONJ
easat-7861	96	82	c	c	X
easat-7861	96	83	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	84	v	v	NOUN
easat-7861	96	85	denotes	denote	VERB
easat-7861	96	86	the	the	DET
easat-7861	96	87	variable	variable	ADJ
easat-7861	96	88	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	96	89	constant	constant	ADJ
easat-7861	96	90	returns	return	NOUN
easat-7861	96	91	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	96	92	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	96	93	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	96	94	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	96	95	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-7861	96	96	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	97	1	3	3	X
easat-7861	97	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	97	3	descriptions	description	NOUN
easat-7861	97	4	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	97	5	data	datum	NOUN
easat-7861	97	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	97	7	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-7861	97	8	this	this	DET
easat-7861	97	9	paper	paper	NOUN
easat-7861	97	10	uses	use	VERB
easat-7861	97	11	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-7861	97	12	data	datum	NOUN
easat-7861	97	13	that	that	PRON
easat-7861	97	14	include	include	VERB
easat-7861	97	15	data	datum	NOUN
easat-7861	97	16	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	97	17	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-7861	97	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	97	19	outputs	output	NOUN
easat-7861	97	20	used	use	VERB
easat-7861	97	21	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	97	22	the	the	DET
easat-7861	97	23	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	97	24	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	97	25	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	97	26	60	60	NUM
easat-7861	97	27	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	97	28	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	97	29	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	97	30	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	97	31	a	a	DET
easat-7861	97	32	33	33	NUM
easat-7861	97	33	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	97	34	year	year	NOUN
easat-7861	97	35	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	97	36	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	97	37	1986–2018	1986–2018	NOUN
easat-7861	97	38	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	97	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	98	1	these	these	DET
easat-7861	98	2	data	datum	NOUN
easat-7861	98	3	are	be	AUX
easat-7861	98	4	collected	collect	VERB
easat-7861	98	5	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	98	6	the	the	DET
easat-7861	98	7	gso	gso	PROPN
easat-7861	98	8	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	98	9	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	98	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	2	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	99	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	5	7	7	NUM
easat-7861	99	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	8	5	5	NUM
easat-7861	99	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	11	4	4	NUM
easat-7861	99	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	14	3	3	X
easat-7861	99	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	16	630	630	NUM
easat-7861	99	17	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	99	18	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	99	19	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	99	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	99	21	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	99	22	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	99	23	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	99	24	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	99	25	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	99	26	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	99	27	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	99	28	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	100	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	100	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	100	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	100	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	101	1	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	101	2	:	:	SYM
easat-7861	101	3	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	101	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	5	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	101	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	101	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-7861	101	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	101	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	101	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	101	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	101	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	101	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	101	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	101	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-7861	101	19	gate	gate	VERB
easat-7861	101	20	the	the	DET
easat-7861	101	21	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	101	22	variable	variable	NOUN
easat-7861	101	23	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	101	24	this	this	DET
easat-7861	101	25	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	101	26	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	101	27	the	the	DET
easat-7861	101	28	aggregate	aggregate	ADJ
easat-7861	101	29	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	101	30	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	101	31	expressed	express	VERB
easat-7861	101	32	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	101	33	vnd	vnd	PROPN
easat-7861	101	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	35	while	while	SCONJ
easat-7861	101	36	the	the	DET
easat-7861	101	37	five	five	NUM
easat-7861	101	38	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	101	39	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-7861	101	40	—	—	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	41	land	land	NOUN
easat-7861	101	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	43	labour	labour	NOUN
easat-7861	101	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	45	tractors	tractor	NOUN
easat-7861	101	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	47	threshing	threshing	ADJ
easat-7861	101	48	machines	machine	NOUN
easat-7861	101	49	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	101	50	draught	draught	NOUN
easat-7861	101	51	animals	animal	NOUN
easat-7861	101	52	—	—	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	53	are	be	AUX
easat-7861	101	54	measured	measure	VERB
easat-7861	101	55	as	as	SCONJ
easat-7861	101	56	follows	follow	VERB
easat-7861	101	57	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	58	land	land	NOUN
easat-7861	101	59	=	=	PUNCT
easat-7861	101	60	total	total	ADJ
easat-7861	101	61	arable	arable	ADJ
easat-7861	101	62	land	land	NOUN
easat-7861	101	63	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	101	64	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	101	65	each	each	DET
easat-7861	101	66	province	province	NOUN
easat-7861	101	67	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	102	1	labour	labour	NOUN
easat-7861	102	2	=	=	PUNCT
easat-7861	102	3	the	the	DET
easat-7861	102	4	number	number	NOUN
easat-7861	102	5	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	102	6	workers	worker	NOUN
easat-7861	102	7	employed	employ	VERB
easat-7861	102	8	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	102	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	102	10	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	102	11	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	102	12	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	102	13	each	each	DET
easat-7861	102	14	province	province	NOUN
easat-7861	102	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	103	1	tractors	tractor	NOUN
easat-7861	104	1	=	=	PUNCT
easat-7861	104	2	the	the	DET
easat-7861	104	3	number	number	NOUN
easat-7861	104	4	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	104	5	tractors	tractor	NOUN
easat-7861	104	6	used	use	VERB
easat-7861	104	7	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	104	8	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	104	9	activities	activity	NOUN
easat-7861	104	10	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	104	11	each	each	DET
easat-7861	104	12	province	province	NOUN
easat-7861	104	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	105	1	threshing	thresh	VERB
easat-7861	105	2	machines	machine	NOUN
easat-7861	105	3	=	=	PRON
easat-7861	105	4	measured	measure	VERB
easat-7861	105	5	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	105	6	the	the	DET
easat-7861	105	7	number	number	NOUN
easat-7861	105	8	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	105	9	threshing	threshing	ADJ
easat-7861	105	10	machines	machine	NOUN
easat-7861	105	11	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	105	12	each	each	DET
easat-7861	105	13	province	province	NOUN
easat-7861	105	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	106	1	draught	draught	NOUN
easat-7861	106	2	animals	animal	NOUN
easat-7861	106	3	=	=	PUNCT
easat-7861	106	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	106	5	number	number	NOUN
easat-7861	106	6	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	106	7	buffaloes	buffalo	NOUN
easat-7861	106	8	used	use	VERB
easat-7861	106	9	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	106	10	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	106	11	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	106	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	107	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-7861	107	2	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	107	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	108	1	summary	summary	NOUN
easat-7861	108	2	statistics	statistic	NOUN
easat-7861	108	3	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	108	4	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	108	5	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	108	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	108	7	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-7861	108	8	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	108	9	60	60	NUM
easat-7861	108	10	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	108	11	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	108	12	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	108	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	108	14	1986–2018	1986–2018	NUM
easat-7861	108	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	109	1	variable	variable	ADJ
easat-7861	109	2	1986	1986	NUM
easat-7861	109	3	1996	1996	NUM
easat-7861	109	4	2006	2006	NUM
easat-7861	109	5	2016	2016	NUM
easat-7861	109	6	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	109	7	mean	mean	VERB
easat-7861	109	8	s.d	s.d	PROPN
easat-7861	109	9	mean	mean	INTJ
easat-7861	110	1	s.d	s.d	PROPN
easat-7861	110	2	mean	mean	INTJ
easat-7861	110	3	s.d	s.d	PROPN
easat-7861	110	4	mean	mean	INTJ
easat-7861	111	1	s.d	s.d	PROPN
easat-7861	111	2	mean	mean	INTJ
easat-7861	111	3	s.d	s.d	PROPN
easat-7861	111	4	output	output	VERB
easat-7861	111	5	862.5	862.5	NUM
easat-7861	111	6	738	738	NUM
easat-7861	111	7	1,443	1,443	NUM
easat-7861	111	8	1,079	1,079	NUM
easat-7861	111	9	2,379	2,379	NUM
easat-7861	111	10	1,785	1,785	NUM
easat-7861	111	11	3,510	3,510	NUM
easat-7861	111	12	2,554	2,554	NUM
easat-7861	111	13	3,653	3,653	NUM
easat-7861	111	14	2,717	2,717	NUM
easat-7861	111	15	land	land	NOUN
easat-7861	111	16	99.7	99.7	NUM
easat-7861	111	17	66.3	66.3	NUM
easat-7861	111	18	129.4	129.4	NUM
easat-7861	111	19	85.7	85.7	NUM
easat-7861	111	20	157.3	157.3	NUM
easat-7861	111	21	123.1	123.1	NUM
easat-7861	111	22	192.1	192.1	NUM
easat-7861	111	23	173.0	173.0	NUM
easat-7861	111	24	191.8	191.8	NUM
easat-7861	111	25	183.9	183.9	NUM
easat-7861	111	26	labour	labour	NOUN
easat-7861	111	27	308.4	308.4	NUM
easat-7861	111	28	187.0	187.0	NUM
easat-7861	111	29	368.0	368.0	NUM
easat-7861	111	30	226.0	226.0	NUM
easat-7861	111	31	362.1	362.1	NUM
easat-7861	111	32	272.1	272.1	NUM
easat-7861	111	33	280.3	280.3	NUM
easat-7861	111	34	217.7	217.7	NUM
easat-7861	111	35	256.5	256.5	NUM
easat-7861	111	36	199.5	199.5	NUM
easat-7861	111	37	tractor	tractor	NOUN
easat-7861	111	38	512.8	512.8	NUM
easat-7861	111	39	342.4	342.4	NUM
easat-7861	111	40	1,825	1,825	NUM
easat-7861	111	41	1,218	1,218	NUM
easat-7861	111	42	3,944	3,944	NUM
easat-7861	111	43	2,607	2,607	NUM
easat-7861	111	44	5,843	5,843	NUM
easat-7861	111	45	3,878	3,878	NUM
easat-7861	111	46	6,084	6,084	NUM
easat-7861	111	47	4,072	4,072	NUM
easat-7861	111	48	animal	animal	NOUN
easat-7861	111	49	26.7	26.7	NUM
easat-7861	111	50	29.0	29.0	NUM
easat-7861	111	51	49.2	49.2	NUM
easat-7861	111	52	56.3	56.3	NUM
easat-7861	111	53	48.7	48.7	NUM
easat-7861	111	54	64.4	64.4	NUM
easat-7861	111	55	42.0	42.0	NUM
easat-7861	111	56	61.0	61.0	NUM
easat-7861	111	57	40.4	40.4	NUM
easat-7861	111	58	59.4	59.4	NUM
easat-7861	111	59	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-7861	111	60	7,420	7,420	NUM
easat-7861	111	61	4,919	4,919	NUM
easat-7861	111	62	7,997	7,997	NUM
easat-7861	111	63	5,298	5,298	NUM
easat-7861	111	64	9,470	9,470	NUM
easat-7861	111	65	6,281	6,281	NUM
easat-7861	111	66	9,161	9,161	NUM
easat-7861	111	67	6,096	6,096	NUM
easat-7861	111	68	9,447	9,447	NUM
easat-7861	111	69	6,408	6,408	NUM
easat-7861	111	70	source	source	NOUN
easat-7861	111	71	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	111	72	general	general	ADJ
easat-7861	111	73	statistics	statistics	PROPN
easat-7861	111	74	office	office	PROPN
easat-7861	111	75	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	111	76	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	111	77	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	112	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-7861	112	2	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	112	3	provides	provide	VERB
easat-7861	112	4	a	a	DET
easat-7861	112	5	summary	summary	NOUN
easat-7861	112	6	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	112	7	the	the	DET
easat-7861	112	8	statistics	statistic	NOUN
easat-7861	112	9	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	112	10	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	112	11	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	112	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	112	13	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-7861	112	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	112	15	including	include	VERB
easat-7861	112	16	land	land	NOUN
easat-7861	112	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	112	18	labour	labour	NOUN
easat-7861	112	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	112	20	tractor	tractor	NOUN
easat-7861	112	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	112	22	animal	animal	NOUN
easat-7861	112	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	112	24	machinery	machinery	NOUN
easat-7861	112	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	112	26	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	112	27	60	60	NUM
easat-7861	112	28	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	112	29	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	112	30	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	112	31	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	112	32	1986	1986	NUM
easat-7861	112	33	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	112	34	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	112	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	113	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	113	2	data	datum	NOUN
easat-7861	113	3	reveals	reveal	VERB
easat-7861	113	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	113	5	the	the	DET
easat-7861	113	6	value	value	NOUN
easat-7861	113	7	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	113	8	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	113	9	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	113	10	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	113	11	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	113	12	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	113	13	increased	increase	VERB
easat-7861	113	14	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	113	15	approximately	approximately	ADV
easat-7861	113	16	four	four	NUM
easat-7861	113	17	times	time	NOUN
easat-7861	113	18	between	between	ADP
easat-7861	113	19	1986	1986	NUM
easat-7861	113	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	113	21	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	113	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	113	23	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	113	24	an	an	DET
easat-7861	113	25	average	average	ADJ
easat-7861	113	26	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	113	27	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-7861	113	28	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	113	29	323.5	323.5	NUM
easat-7861	113	30	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	113	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	113	32	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	113	33	862.5	862.5	NUM
easat-7861	113	34	billion	billion	NUM
easat-7861	113	35	vnd	vnd	NOUN
easat-7861	113	36	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	113	37	3,653	3,653	NUM
easat-7861	113	38	billion	billion	NUM
easat-7861	113	39	vnd	vnd	PROPN
easat-7861	113	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	114	1	this	this	DET
easat-7861	114	2	increase	increase	NOUN
easat-7861	114	3	can	can	AUX
easat-7861	114	4	be	be	AUX
easat-7861	114	5	attributed	attribute	VERB
easat-7861	114	6	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	114	7	the	the	DET
easat-7861	114	8	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	114	9	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	114	10	cultivated	cultivate	VERB
easat-7861	114	11	land	land	NOUN
easat-7861	114	12	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	114	13	92.4	92.4	NUM
easat-7861	114	14	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	114	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	114	16	animals	animal	NOUN
easat-7861	114	17	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	114	18	51.3	51.3	NUM
easat-7861	114	19	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	114	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	114	21	machinery	machinery	NOUN
easat-7861	114	22	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	114	23	27.3	27.3	NUM
easat-7861	114	24	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	114	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	114	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	114	27	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-7861	114	28	tractors	tractor	NOUN
easat-7861	114	29	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	114	30	1,086.4	1,086.4	NUM
easat-7861	114	31	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	114	32	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	114	33	the	the	DET
easat-7861	114	34	33	33	NUM
easat-7861	114	35	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	114	36	year	year	NOUN
easat-7861	114	37	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	114	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	115	1	however	however	ADV
easat-7861	115	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	115	3	the	the	DET
easat-7861	115	4	use	use	NOUN
easat-7861	115	5	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	115	6	machinery	machinery	NOUN
easat-7861	115	7	was	be	AUX
easat-7861	115	8	not	not	PART
easat-7861	115	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	115	10	only	only	ADJ
easat-7861	115	11	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	115	12	contributing	contribute	VERB
easat-7861	115	13	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	115	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	115	15	increase	increase	NOUN
easat-7861	115	16	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	115	17	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	115	18	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	115	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	116	1	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	116	2	the	the	DET
easat-7861	116	3	same	same	ADJ
easat-7861	116	4	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	116	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	116	6	there	there	PRON
easat-7861	116	7	was	be	VERB
easat-7861	116	8	also	also	ADV
easat-7861	116	9	a	a	DET
easat-7861	116	10	gradual	gradual	ADJ
easat-7861	116	11	decline	decline	NOUN
easat-7861	116	12	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	116	13	labour	labour	ADJ
easat-7861	116	14	input	input	NOUN
easat-7861	116	15	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	116	16	16.8	16.8	NUM
easat-7861	116	17	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	116	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	117	1	this	this	PRON
easat-7861	117	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-7861	117	3	there	there	PRON
easat-7861	117	4	was	be	VERB
easat-7861	117	5	a	a	DET
easat-7861	117	6	shift	shift	NOUN
easat-7861	117	7	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	117	8	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	117	9	labour	labour	NOUN
easat-7861	117	10	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	117	11	other	other	ADJ
easat-7861	117	12	sectors	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	117	13	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	117	14	higher	high	ADJ
easat-7861	117	15	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	117	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	117	17	such	such	ADJ
easat-7861	117	18	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	117	19	industry	industry	NOUN
easat-7861	117	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	117	21	services	service	NOUN
easat-7861	117	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	117	23	which	which	PRON
easat-7861	117	24	led	lead	VERB
easat-7861	117	25	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	117	26	a	a	DET
easat-7861	117	27	decline	decline	NOUN
easat-7861	117	28	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	117	29	the	the	DET
easat-7861	117	30	use	use	NOUN
easat-7861	117	31	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	117	32	labour	labour	NOUN
easat-7861	117	33	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	117	34	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	117	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	118	1	4	4	X
easat-7861	118	2	.	.	X
easat-7861	118	3	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-7861	118	4	results	result	NOUN
easat-7861	118	5	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	118	6	the	the	DET
easat-7861	118	7	paper	paper	NOUN
easat-7861	118	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	118	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	118	10	deap	deap	ADJ
easat-7861	118	11	software	software	NOUN
easat-7861	118	12	developed	develop	VERB
easat-7861	118	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	118	14	coelli	coelli	PROPN
easat-7861	118	15	[	[	X
easat-7861	118	16	18	18	NUM
easat-7861	118	17	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	118	18	was	be	AUX
easat-7861	118	19	used	use	VERB
easat-7861	118	20	to	to	PART
easat-7861	118	21	calculate	calculate	VERB
easat-7861	118	22	the	the	DET
easat-7861	118	23	te	te	PROPN
easat-7861	118	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	118	25	tec	tec	ADJ
easat-7861	118	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	118	27	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	118	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	118	29	sc	sc	PROPN
easat-7861	118	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	118	31	malmquist	malmquist	PROPN
easat-7861	118	32	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	118	33	index	index	PROPN
easat-7861	118	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	119	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	119	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-7861	119	3	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	119	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	119	5	deap	deap	NOUN
easat-7861	119	6	program	program	NOUN
easat-7861	119	7	show	show	VERB
easat-7861	119	8	the	the	DET
easat-7861	119	9	measurements	measurement	NOUN
easat-7861	119	10	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	119	11	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	119	12	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	119	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	119	14	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	119	15	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	119	16	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	119	17	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	119	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	119	19	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	119	20	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	119	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	119	22	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	119	23	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	119	24	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	119	25	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	119	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	119	27	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	119	28	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	119	29	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	119	30	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	119	31	each	each	DET
easat-7861	119	32	year	year	NOUN
easat-7861	119	33	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	119	34	each	each	DET
easat-7861	119	35	province	province	NOUN
easat-7861	119	36	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	119	37	1986	1986	NUM
easat-7861	119	38	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	119	39	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	119	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	120	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	120	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-7861	120	3	also	also	ADV
easat-7861	120	4	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
easat-7861	120	5	the	the	DET
easat-7861	120	6	geometric	geometric	ADJ
easat-7861	120	7	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-7861	120	8	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	120	9	all	all	DET
easat-7861	120	10	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	120	11	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	120	12	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	120	13	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	120	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	120	15	country	country	NOUN
easat-7861	120	16	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	120	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	120	18	the	the	DET
easat-7861	120	19	annual	annual	ADJ
easat-7861	120	20	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-7861	120	21	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	120	22	the	the	DET
easat-7861	120	23	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-7861	120	24	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	120	25	each	each	DET
easat-7861	120	26	province	province	NOUN
easat-7861	120	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	121	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-7861	121	2	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	121	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	121	4	figure	figure	VERB
easat-7861	121	5	3	3	NUM
easat-7861	121	6	summarise	summarise	VERB
easat-7861	121	7	results	result	NOUN
easat-7861	121	8	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	121	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	121	10	entire	entire	ADJ
easat-7861	121	11	country	country	NOUN
easat-7861	121	12	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	121	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	122	1	631	631	NUM
easat-7861	122	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	122	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	122	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	122	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	122	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	122	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	122	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	122	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	122	10	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	122	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	122	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	122	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	123	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	123	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	123	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	123	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	124	1	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	124	2	:	:	SYM
easat-7861	124	3	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	124	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	124	5	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	124	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	124	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	124	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-7861	124	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	124	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	124	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	124	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	124	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	124	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	124	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	124	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	124	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	124	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-7861	124	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-7861	124	20	table	table	NOUN
easat-7861	124	21	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	124	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	124	23	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	124	24	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	124	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	124	26	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	124	27	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	124	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	124	29	total	total	ADJ
easat-7861	124	30	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	124	31	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	124	32	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	124	33	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	124	34	the	the	DET
easat-7861	124	35	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	124	36	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	124	37	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	124	38	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	124	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	124	40	1986	1986	NUM
easat-7861	124	41	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	124	42	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	124	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	1	year	year	NOUN
easat-7861	125	2	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	125	3	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	125	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	5	%	%	INTJ
easat-7861	125	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	8	tc	tc	X
easat-7861	125	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	10	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	125	11	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	125	12	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	125	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	14	%	%	INTJ
easat-7861	125	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	17	tec	tec	ADJ
easat-7861	125	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	19	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	125	20	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	125	21	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	125	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	23	%	%	INTJ
easat-7861	125	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	26	sc	sc	NOUN
easat-7861	125	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	28	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	125	29	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	125	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	31	%	%	INTJ
easat-7861	125	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	33	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	34	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	125	35	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	36	1987	1987	NUM
easat-7861	125	37	-0.2	-0.2	NOUN
easat-7861	125	38	7.5	7.5	NUM
easat-7861	125	39	2.7	2.7	NUM
easat-7861	125	40	10.1	10.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	41	1988	1988	NUM
easat-7861	125	42	8.1	8.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	43	-1.2	-1.2	NUM
easat-7861	125	44	-1.2	-1.2	PROPN
easat-7861	125	45	5.6	5.6	NUM
easat-7861	125	46	1989	1989	NUM
easat-7861	125	47	-10.5	-10.5	NUM
easat-7861	125	48	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	125	49	1.8	1.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	50	-0.7	-0.7	NOUN
easat-7861	125	51	1990	1990	NUM
easat-7861	125	52	-12.3	-12.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	53	11	11	NUM
easat-7861	125	54	1.7	1.7	NUM
easat-7861	125	55	-1	-1	SYM
easat-7861	125	56	1991	1991	NUM
easat-7861	125	57	2.6	2.6	NUM
easat-7861	125	58	-3.2	-3.2	PROPN
easat-7861	125	59	-2.8	-2.8	PROPN
easat-7861	125	60	-3.4	-3.4	PROPN
easat-7861	125	61	1992	1992	NUM
easat-7861	125	62	-13.3	-13.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	63	14.5	14.5	NUM
easat-7861	125	64	2.7	2.7	NUM
easat-7861	125	65	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	125	66	1993	1993	NUM
easat-7861	125	67	1.3	1.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	68	-5.8	-5.8	ADP
easat-7861	125	69	0.8	0.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	70	-3.8	-3.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	71	1994	1994	NUM
easat-7861	125	72	-18	-18	PROPN
easat-7861	125	73	0.9	0.9	NUM
easat-7861	125	74	-0.8	-0.8	NOUN
easat-7861	125	75	-18	-18	PROPN
easat-7861	125	76	1995	1995	NUM
easat-7861	125	77	5.7	5.7	NUM
easat-7861	125	78	-1.8	-1.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	79	-0.9	-0.9	PROPN
easat-7861	125	80	2.9	2.9	NUM
easat-7861	125	81	1996	1996	NUM
easat-7861	125	82	6.9	6.9	NUM
easat-7861	125	83	-3.2	-3.2	NOUN
easat-7861	125	84	-1.1	-1.1	PROPN
easat-7861	125	85	2.4	2.4	NUM
easat-7861	125	86	1997	1997	NUM
easat-7861	125	87	-3	-3	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	88	6.8	6.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	89	2.7	2.7	NUM
easat-7861	125	90	6.3	6.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	91	1998	1998	NUM
easat-7861	125	92	6.6	6.6	NUM
easat-7861	125	93	-2.5	-2.5	PROPN
easat-7861	125	94	-0.3	-0.3	PROPN
easat-7861	125	95	3.7	3.7	NUM
easat-7861	125	96	1999	1999	NUM
easat-7861	125	97	-0.4	-0.4	NUM
easat-7861	125	98	3.4	3.4	NUM
easat-7861	125	99	-0.6	-0.6	NOUN
easat-7861	125	100	2.2	2.2	NUM
easat-7861	125	101	2000	2000	NUM
easat-7861	125	102	-8.5	-8.5	NOUN
easat-7861	125	103	8.5	8.5	NUM
easat-7861	125	104	1.1	1.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	105	0.3	0.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	106	2001	2001	NUM
easat-7861	125	107	-0.7	-0.7	PROPN
easat-7861	125	108	1.2	1.2	NUM
easat-7861	125	109	0.4	0.4	NUM
easat-7861	125	110	0.9	0.9	NUM
easat-7861	125	111	2002	2002	NUM
easat-7861	125	112	5.9	5.9	NUM
easat-7861	125	113	-0.3	-0.3	PROPN
easat-7861	125	114	-1.3	-1.3	PROPN
easat-7861	125	115	4.2	4.2	NUM
easat-7861	125	116	2003	2003	NUM
easat-7861	125	117	-2.4	-2.4	NOUN
easat-7861	125	118	2.8	2.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	119	1.2	1.2	NUM
easat-7861	125	120	1.6	1.6	NUM
easat-7861	125	121	2004	2004	NUM
easat-7861	125	122	3.5	3.5	NUM
easat-7861	125	123	0.5	0.5	NUM
easat-7861	125	124	-0.8	-0.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	125	3.2	3.2	NUM
easat-7861	125	126	2005	2005	NUM
easat-7861	125	127	-0.2	-0.2	NOUN
easat-7861	125	128	0.7	0.7	NUM
easat-7861	125	129	0.1	0.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	130	0.6	0.6	NUM
easat-7861	125	131	2006	2006	NUM
easat-7861	125	132	-0.5	-0.5	ADP
easat-7861	125	133	2.6	2.6	NUM
easat-7861	125	134	0.1	0.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	135	2.2	2.2	NUM
easat-7861	125	136	2007	2007	NUM
easat-7861	125	137	1.4	1.4	NUM
easat-7861	125	138	-1.2	-1.2	NUM
easat-7861	125	139	1.9	1.9	NUM
easat-7861	125	140	2.1	2.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	141	2008	2008	NUM
easat-7861	125	142	1.9	1.9	NUM
easat-7861	125	143	-0.3	-0.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	144	0.8	0.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	145	2.5	2.5	NUM
easat-7861	125	146	2009	2009	NUM
easat-7861	125	147	12.3	12.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	148	0.2	0.2	NUM
easat-7861	125	149	-1	-1	CCONJ
easat-7861	125	150	11.3	11.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	151	2010	2010	NUM
easat-7861	125	152	2.3	2.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	153	-2.6	-2.6	PROPN
easat-7861	125	154	-0.7	-0.7	PROPN
easat-7861	125	155	-1.1	-1.1	X
easat-7861	125	156	2011	2011	NUM
easat-7861	125	157	31.1	31.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	158	-13.2	-13.2	NOUN
easat-7861	125	159	-3.1	-3.1	PROPN
easat-7861	125	160	10.3	10.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	161	2012	2012	NUM
easat-7861	125	162	-7.8	-7.8	VERB
easat-7861	125	163	6.4	6.4	NUM
easat-7861	125	164	2.8	2.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	165	0.8	0.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	166	2013	2013	NUM
easat-7861	125	167	8.1	8.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	168	-2.5	-2.5	PROPN
easat-7861	125	169	-2.4	-2.4	PROPN
easat-7861	125	170	2.9	2.9	NUM
easat-7861	125	171	2014	2014	NUM
easat-7861	125	172	-0.6	-0.6	NOUN
easat-7861	125	173	0.9	0.9	NUM
easat-7861	125	174	-0.7	-0.7	PROPN
easat-7861	125	175	-0.5	-0.5	PROPN
easat-7861	125	176	2015	2015	NUM
easat-7861	125	177	15.8	15.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	178	-5.4	-5.4	NOUN
easat-7861	125	179	-3	-3	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	180	6.3	6.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	181	2016	2016	NUM
easat-7861	125	182	5.8	5.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	183	-1	-1	SYM
easat-7861	125	184	0.2	0.2	NUM
easat-7861	125	185	5	5	NUM
easat-7861	125	186	2017	2017	NUM
easat-7861	125	187	11.1	11.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	188	-4.3	-4.3	NOUN
easat-7861	125	189	-3.8	-3.8	PROPN
easat-7861	125	190	2.3	2.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	191	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	125	192	-0.7	-0.7	PROPN
easat-7861	125	193	4.1	4.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	194	1.3	1.3	NUM
easat-7861	125	195	4.8	4.8	NUM
easat-7861	125	196	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-7861	125	197	1.2	1.2	NUM
easat-7861	125	198	0.9	0.9	NUM
easat-7861	125	199	-0.1	-0.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	200	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	125	201	source	source	NOUN
easat-7861	125	202	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	203	author	author	NOUN
easat-7861	125	204	’s	’s	PART
easat-7861	125	205	calculation	calculation	NOUN
easat-7861	125	206	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	125	207	the	the	DET
easat-7861	125	208	results	result	NOUN
easat-7861	125	209	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	125	210	deap	deap	ADJ
easat-7861	125	211	2.1	2.1	NUM
easat-7861	125	212	632	632	NUM
easat-7861	125	213	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	125	214	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	125	215	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	125	216	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	125	217	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	125	218	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	125	219	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	125	220	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	125	221	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	125	222	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	125	223	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	125	224	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	126	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	126	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	126	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	126	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	127	1	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	127	2	:	:	SYM
easat-7861	127	3	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	127	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	127	5	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	127	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	127	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	127	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-7861	127	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	127	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	127	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	127	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	127	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	127	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	127	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	127	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	127	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	127	18	learning	learn	VERB
easat-7861	127	19	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-7861	127	20	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-7861	127	21	3	3	NUM
easat-7861	127	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	127	23	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
easat-7861	127	24	tec	tec	PROPN
easat-7861	127	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	127	26	tc	tc	X
easat-7861	127	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	127	28	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	127	29	percentage	percentage	NOUN
easat-7861	127	30	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	127	31	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	127	32	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	127	33	’s	’s	PART
easat-7861	127	34	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	127	35	using	use	VERB
easat-7861	127	36	malmquist	malmquist	PROPN
easat-7861	127	37	dea	dea	PROPN
easat-7861	127	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	127	39	1986–2018	1986–2018	NUM
easat-7861	127	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	128	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-7861	128	3	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	128	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	128	5	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
easat-7861	128	6	value	value	NOUN
easat-7861	128	7	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	128	8	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	128	9	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	128	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	11	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	128	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	14	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	128	15	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	128	16	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	128	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	18	tec	tec	NOUN
easat-7861	128	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	21	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	128	22	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	128	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	24	sc	sc	PROPN
easat-7861	128	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	128	28	total	total	ADJ
easat-7861	128	29	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	128	30	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	128	31	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	128	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	33	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	128	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	128	35	provide	provide	VERB
easat-7861	128	36	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-7861	128	37	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-7861	128	38	into	into	ADP
easat-7861	128	39	the	the	DET
easat-7861	128	40	evolution	evolution	NOUN
easat-7861	128	41	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	128	42	the	the	DET
easat-7861	128	43	vietnamese	vietnamese	ADJ
easat-7861	128	44	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	128	45	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	128	46	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	128	47	1986	1986	NUM
easat-7861	128	48	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	128	49	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	128	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	129	1	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	129	2	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	129	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	129	4	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	129	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	129	6	was	be	AUX
easat-7861	129	7	the	the	DET
easat-7861	129	8	most	most	ADV
easat-7861	129	9	important	important	ADJ
easat-7861	129	10	driver	driver	NOUN
easat-7861	129	11	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	129	12	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	129	13	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	129	14	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	129	15	vietnamese	vietnamese	ADJ
easat-7861	129	16	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	129	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	129	18	accounting	account	VERB
easat-7861	129	19	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	129	20	a	a	DET
easat-7861	129	21	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
easat-7861	129	22	increase	increase	NOUN
easat-7861	129	23	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	129	24	51.3	51.3	NUM
easat-7861	129	25	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	129	26	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	129	27	the	the	DET
easat-7861	129	28	entire	entire	ADJ
easat-7861	129	29	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	129	30	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	129	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	130	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	130	2	annual	annual	ADJ
easat-7861	130	3	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	130	4	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-7861	130	5	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	130	6	tc	tc	PRON
easat-7861	130	7	was	be	AUX
easat-7861	130	8	1.2	1.2	NUM
easat-7861	130	9	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	130	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	130	11	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-7861	130	12	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	130	13	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	130	14	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	130	15	increased	increase	VERB
easat-7861	130	16	due	due	ADP
easat-7861	130	17	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	130	18	adopting	adopt	VERB
easat-7861	130	19	new	new	ADJ
easat-7861	130	20	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	130	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	130	22	improved	improve	VERB
easat-7861	130	23	management	management	NOUN
easat-7861	130	24	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-7861	130	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	130	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	130	27	other	other	ADJ
easat-7861	130	28	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	130	29	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-7861	130	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	131	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	131	2	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	131	3	values	value	NOUN
easat-7861	131	4	tended	tend	VERB
easat-7861	131	5	to	to	PART
easat-7861	131	6	decrease	decrease	VERB
easat-7861	131	7	between	between	ADP
easat-7861	131	8	1987	1987	NUM
easat-7861	131	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	131	10	1994	1994	NUM
easat-7861	131	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	132	1	they	they	PRON
easat-7861	132	2	then	then	ADV
easat-7861	132	3	increased	increase	VERB
easat-7861	132	4	after	after	ADP
easat-7861	132	5	1994	1994	NUM
easat-7861	132	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	132	7	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-7861	132	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	132	9	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	132	10	reforms	reform	NOUN
easat-7861	132	11	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	132	12	the	the	DET
easat-7861	132	13	mid-1990s	mid-1990	NOUN
easat-7861	132	14	played	play	VERB
easat-7861	132	15	a	a	DET
easat-7861	132	16	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-7861	132	17	role	role	NOUN
easat-7861	132	18	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	132	19	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-7861	132	20	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-7861	132	21	progress	progress	NOUN
easat-7861	132	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	132	23	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	132	24	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	132	25	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	132	26	the	the	DET
easat-7861	132	27	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	132	28	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	132	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	133	1	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	133	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	133	3	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	133	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	133	5	tec	tec	NOUN
easat-7861	133	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	133	7	also	also	ADV
easat-7861	133	8	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-7861	133	9	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-7861	133	10	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	133	11	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	133	12	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	133	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	133	14	accounting	account	VERB
easat-7861	133	15	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	133	16	a	a	DET
easat-7861	133	17	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
easat-7861	133	18	increase	increase	NOUN
easat-7861	133	19	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	133	20	32.5	32.5	NUM
easat-7861	133	21	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	133	22	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	133	23	the	the	DET
easat-7861	133	24	entire	entire	ADJ
easat-7861	133	25	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	133	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	134	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	134	2	annual	annual	ADJ
easat-7861	134	3	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	134	4	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-7861	134	5	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	134	6	tec	tec	NOUN
easat-7861	134	7	was	be	AUX
easat-7861	134	8	0.9	0.9	NUM
easat-7861	134	9	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	134	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	134	11	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-7861	134	12	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	134	13	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	134	14	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	134	15	increased	increase	VERB
easat-7861	134	16	due	due	ADP
easat-7861	134	17	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	134	18	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-7861	134	19	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	134	20	the	the	DET
easat-7861	134	21	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-7861	134	22	use	use	NOUN
easat-7861	134	23	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	134	24	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-7861	134	25	such	such	ADJ
easat-7861	134	26	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	134	27	labour	labour	NOUN
easat-7861	134	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	134	29	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-7861	134	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	134	31	land	land	NOUN
easat-7861	134	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	135	1	tec	tec	PROPN
easat-7861	135	2	increased	increase	VERB
easat-7861	135	3	steadily	steadily	ADV
easat-7861	135	4	throughout	throughout	ADP
easat-7861	135	5	the	the	DET
easat-7861	135	6	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	135	7	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	135	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	135	9	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-7861	135	10	farmers	farmer	NOUN
easat-7861	135	11	were	be	AUX
easat-7861	135	12	able	able	ADJ
easat-7861	135	13	to	to	PART
easat-7861	135	14	adopt	adopt	VERB
easat-7861	135	15	more	more	ADV
easat-7861	135	16	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-7861	135	17	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	135	18	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-7861	135	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	135	20	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	135	21	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	135	22	time	time	NOUN
easat-7861	135	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	136	1	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	136	2	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	136	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	136	4	sc	sc	NOUN
easat-7861	136	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	136	6	had	have	VERB
easat-7861	136	7	a	a	DET
easat-7861	136	8	relatively	relatively	ADV
easat-7861	136	9	small	small	ADJ
easat-7861	136	10	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-7861	136	11	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	136	12	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	136	13	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	136	14	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	136	15	vietnamese	vietnamese	ADJ
easat-7861	136	16	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	136	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	136	18	accounting	account	VERB
easat-7861	136	19	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	136	20	a	a	DET
easat-7861	136	21	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
easat-7861	136	22	decrease	decrease	NOUN
easat-7861	136	23	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	136	24	2.2	2.2	NUM
easat-7861	136	25	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	136	26	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	136	27	the	the	DET
easat-7861	136	28	entire	entire	ADJ
easat-7861	136	29	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	136	30	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	136	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	137	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	137	2	annual	annual	ADJ
easat-7861	137	3	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	137	4	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-7861	137	5	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	137	6	sc	sc	PROPN
easat-7861	137	7	was	be	AUX
easat-7861	137	8	-0.1	-0.1	NUM
easat-7861	137	9	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	137	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	137	11	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-7861	137	12	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	137	13	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	137	14	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	137	15	decreased	decrease	VERB
easat-7861	137	16	slightly	slightly	ADV
easat-7861	137	17	due	due	ADJ
easat-7861	137	18	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	137	19	changes	change	NOUN
easat-7861	137	20	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	137	21	the	the	DET
easat-7861	137	22	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	137	23	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	137	24	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	137	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	138	1	however	however	ADV
easat-7861	138	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	138	3	the	the	DET
easat-7861	138	4	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-7861	138	5	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	138	6	sc	sc	PROPN
easat-7861	138	7	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	138	8	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	138	9	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	138	10	was	be	AUX
easat-7861	138	11	relatively	relatively	ADV
easat-7861	138	12	small	small	ADJ
easat-7861	138	13	compared	compare	VERB
easat-7861	138	14	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	138	15	the	the	DET
easat-7861	138	16	contributions	contribution	NOUN
easat-7861	138	17	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	138	18	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	138	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	138	20	tec	tec	ADJ
easat-7861	138	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	139	1	total	total	ADJ
easat-7861	139	2	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	139	3	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	139	4	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	139	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	139	6	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	139	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	139	8	measures	measure	VERB
easat-7861	139	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	139	10	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-7861	139	11	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	139	12	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	139	13	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	139	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	139	15	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	139	16	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	139	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	139	18	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	139	19	calculated	calculate	VERB
easat-7861	139	20	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	139	21	the	the	DET
easat-7861	139	22	sum	sum	NOUN
easat-7861	139	23	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	139	24	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	139	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	139	26	tec	tec	NOUN
easat-7861	139	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	139	28	sc	sc	PROPN
easat-7861	139	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	140	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	140	2	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
easat-7861	140	3	value	value	NOUN
easat-7861	140	4	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	140	5	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	140	6	increased	increase	VERB
easat-7861	140	7	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	140	8	68	68	NUM
easat-7861	140	9	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	140	10	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	140	11	the	the	DET
easat-7861	140	12	entire	entire	ADJ
easat-7861	140	13	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	140	14	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	140	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	140	16	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	140	17	an	an	DET
easat-7861	140	18	annual	annual	ADJ
easat-7861	140	19	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	140	20	rate	rate	NOUN
easat-7861	140	21	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	140	22	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	140	23	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	140	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	140	25	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-7861	140	26	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	140	27	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	140	28	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	140	29	increased	increase	VERB
easat-7861	140	30	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-7861	140	31	due	due	ADP
easat-7861	140	32	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	140	33	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-7861	140	34	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	140	35	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	140	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	140	37	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	140	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	141	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	141	2	values	value	NOUN
easat-7861	141	3	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	141	4	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	141	5	tended	tend	VERB
easat-7861	141	6	to	to	PART
easat-7861	141	7	increase	increase	VERB
easat-7861	141	8	after	after	ADP
easat-7861	141	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	141	10	mid-1990s	mid-1990	NOUN
easat-7861	141	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	141	12	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-7861	141	13	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	141	14	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	141	15	reforms	reform	NOUN
easat-7861	141	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	141	17	investments	investment	NOUN
easat-7861	141	18	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	141	19	the	the	DET
easat-7861	141	20	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	141	21	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	141	22	played	play	VERB
easat-7861	141	23	a	a	DET
easat-7861	141	24	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-7861	141	25	role	role	NOUN
easat-7861	141	26	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	141	27	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-7861	141	28	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	141	29	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	141	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	142	1	633	633	NUM
easat-7861	142	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	142	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	142	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	142	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	142	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	142	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	142	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	142	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	142	10	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	142	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	142	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	142	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	143	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	143	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	143	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	143	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	144	1	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	144	2	:	:	SYM
easat-7861	144	3	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	144	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	144	5	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	144	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	144	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	144	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-7861	144	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	144	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	144	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	144	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	144	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	144	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	144	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	144	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	144	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	144	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-7861	144	19	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-7861	144	20	overall	overall	ADV
easat-7861	144	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	144	22	the	the	DET
easat-7861	144	23	results	result	NOUN
easat-7861	144	24	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	144	25	the	the	DET
easat-7861	144	26	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
easat-7861	144	27	value	value	NOUN
easat-7861	144	28	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	144	29	tc	tc	NOUN
easat-7861	144	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	144	31	tec	tec	ADJ
easat-7861	144	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	144	33	sc	sc	PROPN
easat-7861	144	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	144	35	tfpc	tfpc	PROPN
easat-7861	144	36	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-7861	144	37	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	144	38	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-7861	144	39	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	144	40	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	144	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	144	42	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	144	43	were	be	AUX
easat-7861	144	44	the	the	DET
easat-7861	144	45	primary	primary	ADJ
easat-7861	144	46	drivers	driver	NOUN
easat-7861	144	47	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	144	48	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	144	49	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	144	50	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	144	51	vietnamese	vietnamese	ADJ
easat-7861	144	52	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	144	53	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	144	54	the	the	DET
easat-7861	144	55	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	144	56	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	144	57	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	145	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-7861	145	2	changes	change	NOUN
easat-7861	145	3	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	145	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	145	5	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	145	6	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	145	7	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	145	8	had	have	VERB
easat-7861	145	9	a	a	DET
easat-7861	145	10	relatively	relatively	ADV
easat-7861	145	11	small	small	ADJ
easat-7861	145	12	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-7861	145	13	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	145	14	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	145	15	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	145	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	145	17	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	145	18	reforms	reform	NOUN
easat-7861	145	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	145	20	investments	investment	NOUN
easat-7861	145	21	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	145	22	the	the	DET
easat-7861	145	23	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	145	24	played	play	VERB
easat-7861	145	25	a	a	DET
easat-7861	145	26	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-7861	145	27	role	role	NOUN
easat-7861	145	28	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	145	29	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-7861	145	30	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-7861	145	31	progress	progress	NOUN
easat-7861	145	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	145	33	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	145	34	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-7861	145	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	145	36	leading	lead	VERB
easat-7861	145	37	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	145	38	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-7861	145	39	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	145	40	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-7861	145	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	146	1	4.1	4.1	NUM
easat-7861	146	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	146	3	provincial	provincial	ADJ
easat-7861	146	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	146	5	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	146	6	total	total	NOUN
easat-7861	146	7	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	146	8	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	146	9	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	146	10	table	table	NOUN
easat-7861	146	11	3	3	NUM
easat-7861	146	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	147	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	147	2	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	147	3	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	147	4	60	60	NUM
easat-7861	147	5	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	147	6	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	147	7	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	147	8	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	147	9	1986	1986	NUM
easat-7861	147	10	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	147	11	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	147	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	148	1	province	province	NOUN
easat-7861	148	2	1987	1987	NUM
easat-7861	148	3	1990	1990	NUM
easat-7861	148	4	2000	2000	NUM
easat-7861	148	5	2010	2010	NUM
easat-7861	148	6	2015	2015	NUM
easat-7861	148	7	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	148	8	ha	ha	INTJ
easat-7861	148	9	noi	noi	PROPN
easat-7861	148	10	0.962	0.962	NUM
easat-7861	148	11	0.955	0.955	NUM
easat-7861	148	12	0.989	0.989	NUM
easat-7861	148	13	1.021	1.021	NUM
easat-7861	148	14	1.088	1.088	NUM
easat-7861	148	15	0.989	0.989	NUM
easat-7861	148	16	ha	ha	INTJ
easat-7861	148	17	giang	giang	PROPN
easat-7861	148	18	1.232	1.232	NUM
easat-7861	148	19	0.961	0.961	NUM
easat-7861	148	20	1.029	1.029	NUM
easat-7861	148	21	0.969	0.969	NUM
easat-7861	148	22	1.120	1.120	NUM
easat-7861	148	23	1.011	1.011	NUM
easat-7861	148	24	cao	cao	PROPN
easat-7861	148	25	bang	bang	PROPN
easat-7861	148	26	1.305	1.305	NUM
easat-7861	148	27	0.926	0.926	NUM
easat-7861	148	28	0.914	0.914	NUM
easat-7861	148	29	0.987	0.987	NUM
easat-7861	148	30	0.986	0.986	NUM
easat-7861	148	31	1.012	1.012	NUM
easat-7861	148	32	bac	bac	PROPN
easat-7861	148	33	kan	kan	PROPN
easat-7861	148	34	1.218	1.218	NUM
easat-7861	148	35	1.034	1.034	NUM
easat-7861	148	36	1.010	1.010	NUM
easat-7861	148	37	0.973	0.973	NUM
easat-7861	148	38	0.906	0.906	NUM
easat-7861	148	39	0.994	0.994	NUM
easat-7861	148	40	tuyen	tuyen	NOUN
easat-7861	148	41	quang	quang	NOUN
easat-7861	148	42	1.197	1.197	NUM
easat-7861	148	43	0.885	0.885	NUM
easat-7861	148	44	0.984	0.984	NUM
easat-7861	148	45	0.987	0.987	NUM
easat-7861	148	46	0.872	0.872	NUM
easat-7861	148	47	1.029	1.029	NUM
easat-7861	148	48	lao	lao	PROPN
easat-7861	148	49	cai	cai	PROPN
easat-7861	148	50	1.200	1.200	NUM
easat-7861	148	51	0.936	0.936	NUM
easat-7861	148	52	1.003	1.003	NUM
easat-7861	148	53	0.972	0.972	NUM
easat-7861	148	54	1.117	1.117	NUM
easat-7861	148	55	1.034	1.034	NUM
easat-7861	148	56	lai	lai	NOUN
easat-7861	148	57	chau	chau	VERB
easat-7861	148	58	1.181	1.181	NUM
easat-7861	148	59	0.993	0.993	NUM
easat-7861	148	60	0.977	0.977	NUM
easat-7861	148	61	0.906	0.906	NUM
easat-7861	148	62	1.061	1.061	NUM
easat-7861	148	63	0.961	0.961	NUM
easat-7861	148	64	son	son	NOUN
easat-7861	148	65	la	la	ADP
easat-7861	148	66	1.146	1.146	NUM
easat-7861	148	67	0.956	0.956	NUM
easat-7861	148	68	1.019	1.019	NUM
easat-7861	148	69	0.899	0.899	NUM
easat-7861	148	70	1.028	1.028	NUM
easat-7861	148	71	0.983	0.983	NUM
easat-7861	148	72	yen	yen	NOUN
easat-7861	148	73	bai	bai	PROPN
easat-7861	148	74	1.288	1.288	NUM
easat-7861	148	75	0.880	0.880	NUM
easat-7861	148	76	1.002	1.002	NUM
easat-7861	148	77	0.974	0.974	NUM
easat-7861	148	78	1.112	1.112	NUM
easat-7861	148	79	0.992	0.992	NUM
easat-7861	148	80	hoa	hoa	NOUN
easat-7861	148	81	binh	binh	PROPN
easat-7861	148	82	1.115	1.115	NUM
easat-7861	148	83	0.946	0.946	NUM
easat-7861	148	84	0.988	0.988	NUM
easat-7861	148	85	0.937	0.937	NUM
easat-7861	148	86	1.142	1.142	NUM
easat-7861	148	87	1.050	1.050	NUM
easat-7861	148	88	thai	thai	PROPN
easat-7861	148	89	nguyen	nguyen	PROPN
easat-7861	148	90	1.154	1.154	NUM
easat-7861	148	91	0.977	0.977	NUM
easat-7861	148	92	0.998	0.998	NUM
easat-7861	148	93	0.979	0.979	NUM
easat-7861	148	94	1.563	1.563	NUM
easat-7861	148	95	1.001	1.001	NUM
easat-7861	148	96	lang	lang	PROPN
easat-7861	148	97	son	son	PROPN
easat-7861	148	98	1.222	1.222	NUM
easat-7861	148	99	0.957	0.957	NUM
easat-7861	148	100	0.907	0.907	NUM
easat-7861	148	101	0.959	0.959	NUM
easat-7861	148	102	1.020	1.020	NUM
easat-7861	148	103	1.041	1.041	NUM
easat-7861	148	104	quang	quang	NOUN
easat-7861	148	105	ninh	ninh	PROPN
easat-7861	148	106	1.007	1.007	NUM
easat-7861	148	107	0.944	0.944	NUM
easat-7861	148	108	1.001	1.001	NUM
easat-7861	148	109	0.934	0.934	NUM
easat-7861	148	110	1.158	1.158	NUM
easat-7861	148	111	1.016	1.016	NUM
easat-7861	148	112	bac	bac	PROPN
easat-7861	148	113	giang	giang	PROPN
easat-7861	148	114	1.138	1.138	NUM
easat-7861	148	115	0.956	0.956	NUM
easat-7861	148	116	1.008	1.008	NUM
easat-7861	148	117	1.064	1.064	NUM
easat-7861	148	118	1.409	1.409	NUM
easat-7861	148	119	1.345	1.345	NUM
easat-7861	148	120	phu	phu	NOUN
easat-7861	148	121	tho	tho	NUM
easat-7861	148	122	1.139	1.139	NUM
easat-7861	148	123	0.969	0.969	NUM
easat-7861	148	124	1.025	1.025	NUM
easat-7861	148	125	1.039	1.039	NUM
easat-7861	148	126	0.781	0.781	NUM
easat-7861	148	127	1.038	1.038	NUM
easat-7861	148	128	vinh	vinh	NOUN
easat-7861	148	129	phuc	phuc	NOUN
easat-7861	148	130	1.093	1.093	NUM
easat-7861	148	131	0.815	0.815	NUM
easat-7861	148	132	1.021	1.021	NUM
easat-7861	148	133	1.065	1.065	NUM
easat-7861	148	134	0.951	0.951	NUM
easat-7861	148	135	1.101	1.101	NUM
easat-7861	148	136	bac	bac	NOUN
easat-7861	148	137	ninh	ninh	PROPN
easat-7861	148	138	0.912	0.912	NUM
easat-7861	148	139	1.038	1.038	NUM
easat-7861	148	140	1.037	1.037	NUM
easat-7861	148	141	0.990	0.990	NUM
easat-7861	148	142	1.073	1.073	NUM
easat-7861	148	143	0.978	0.978	NUM
easat-7861	148	144	hai	hai	PROPN
easat-7861	148	145	duong	duong	VERB
easat-7861	148	146	1.067	1.067	NUM
easat-7861	148	147	0.968	0.968	NUM
easat-7861	148	148	0.967	0.967	NUM
easat-7861	148	149	0.975	0.975	NUM
easat-7861	148	150	0.846	0.846	NUM
easat-7861	148	151	1.004	1.004	NUM
easat-7861	148	152	hai	hai	PROPN
easat-7861	148	153	phong	phong	PROPN
easat-7861	148	154	1.010	1.010	NUM
easat-7861	148	155	0.886	0.886	NUM
easat-7861	148	156	0.985	0.985	NUM
easat-7861	148	157	1.059	1.059	NUM
easat-7861	148	158	1.141	1.141	NUM
easat-7861	148	159	1.053	1.053	NUM
easat-7861	148	160	hung	hung	ADJ
easat-7861	148	161	yen	yen	NOUN
easat-7861	148	162	0.946	0.946	NUM
easat-7861	148	163	1.085	1.085	NUM
easat-7861	148	164	0.967	0.967	NUM
easat-7861	148	165	1.007	1.007	NUM
easat-7861	148	166	0.989	0.989	NUM
easat-7861	148	167	1.069	1.069	NUM
easat-7861	148	168	thai	thai	PROPN
easat-7861	148	169	binh	binh	PROPN
easat-7861	148	170	0.858	0.858	NUM
easat-7861	148	171	1.334	1.334	NUM
easat-7861	148	172	0.974	0.974	NUM
easat-7861	148	173	1.049	1.049	NUM
easat-7861	148	174	1.044	1.044	NUM
easat-7861	148	175	1.569	1.569	NUM
easat-7861	148	176	ha	ha	PROPN
easat-7861	148	177	nam	nam	PROPN
easat-7861	148	178	1.007	1.007	NUM
easat-7861	148	179	0.908	0.908	NUM
easat-7861	148	180	0.952	0.952	NUM
easat-7861	148	181	1.002	1.002	NUM
easat-7861	148	182	1.121	1.121	NUM
easat-7861	148	183	0.890	0.890	NUM
easat-7861	148	184	nam	nam	NOUN
easat-7861	148	185	dinh	dinh	PROPN
easat-7861	148	186	0.927	0.927	NUM
easat-7861	148	187	0.987	0.987	NUM
easat-7861	148	188	0.962	0.962	NUM
easat-7861	148	189	0.970	0.970	NUM
easat-7861	148	190	1.082	1.082	NUM
easat-7861	148	191	0.950	0.950	NUM
easat-7861	148	192	ninh	ninh	PROPN
easat-7861	148	193	binh	binh	NOUN
easat-7861	148	194	1.207	1.207	NUM
easat-7861	148	195	1.006	1.006	NUM
easat-7861	148	196	0.972	0.972	NUM
easat-7861	148	197	0.980	0.980	NUM
easat-7861	148	198	1.115	1.115	NUM
easat-7861	148	199	0.961	0.961	NUM
easat-7861	148	200	thanh	thanh	NOUN
easat-7861	148	201	hoa	hoa	NOUN
easat-7861	148	202	1.218	1.218	NUM
easat-7861	148	203	0.964	0.964	NUM
easat-7861	148	204	0.980	0.980	NUM
easat-7861	148	205	0.934	0.934	NUM
easat-7861	148	206	1.163	1.163	NUM
easat-7861	148	207	0.906	0.906	NUM
easat-7861	148	208	nghe	nghe	NOUN
easat-7861	148	209	an	an	DET
easat-7861	148	210	1.211	1.211	NUM
easat-7861	148	211	0.941	0.941	NUM
easat-7861	148	212	1.024	1.024	NUM
easat-7861	148	213	0.960	0.960	NUM
easat-7861	148	214	1.000	1.000	NUM
easat-7861	148	215	0.937	0.937	NUM
easat-7861	148	216	ha	ha	INTJ
easat-7861	148	217	tinh	tinh	PROPN
easat-7861	148	218	1.209	1.209	NUM
easat-7861	148	219	0.955	0.955	NUM
easat-7861	148	220	0.978	0.978	NUM
easat-7861	148	221	0.927	0.927	NUM
easat-7861	148	222	1.052	1.052	NUM
easat-7861	148	223	0.989	0.989	NUM
easat-7861	148	224	quang	quang	PROPN
easat-7861	148	225	binh	binh	PROPN
easat-7861	148	226	1.170	1.170	NUM
easat-7861	148	227	0.995	0.995	NUM
easat-7861	148	228	0.970	0.970	NUM
easat-7861	148	229	0.954	0.954	NUM
easat-7861	148	230	1.001	1.001	NUM
easat-7861	148	231	0.991	0.991	NUM
easat-7861	148	232	quang	quang	NOUN
easat-7861	148	233	tri	tri	PROPN
easat-7861	148	234	1.210	1.210	NUM
easat-7861	148	235	1.032	1.032	NUM
easat-7861	148	236	1.080	1.080	NUM
easat-7861	148	237	0.925	0.925	NUM
easat-7861	148	238	1.065	1.065	NUM
easat-7861	148	239	1.018	1.018	NUM
easat-7861	148	240	tt	tt	PROPN
easat-7861	148	241	hue	hue	NOUN
easat-7861	148	242	1.184	1.184	NUM
easat-7861	148	243	0.949	0.949	NUM
easat-7861	148	244	1.006	1.006	NUM
easat-7861	148	245	0.941	0.941	NUM
easat-7861	148	246	1.052	1.052	NUM
easat-7861	148	247	1.084	1.084	NUM
easat-7861	148	248	da	da	PROPN
easat-7861	148	249	nang	nang	PROPN
easat-7861	148	250	1.219	1.219	NUM
easat-7861	148	251	0.752	0.752	NUM
easat-7861	148	252	0.885	0.885	NUM
easat-7861	148	253	1.075	1.075	NUM
easat-7861	148	254	1.167	1.167	NUM
easat-7861	148	255	1.002	1.002	NUM
easat-7861	148	256	634	634	NUM
easat-7861	148	257	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	148	258	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	148	259	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	148	260	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	148	261	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	148	262	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	148	263	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	148	264	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	148	265	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	148	266	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	148	267	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	148	268	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	149	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	149	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	149	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	149	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	150	1	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	150	2	:	:	SYM
easat-7861	150	3	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	150	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	150	5	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	150	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	150	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	150	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-7861	150	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	150	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	150	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	150	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	150	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	150	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	150	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	150	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	150	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	150	18	learning	learning	PROPN
easat-7861	150	19	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-7861	150	20	province	province	PROPN
easat-7861	150	21	1987	1987	NUM
easat-7861	150	22	1990	1990	NUM
easat-7861	150	23	2000	2000	NUM
easat-7861	150	24	2010	2010	NUM
easat-7861	150	25	2015	2015	NUM
easat-7861	150	26	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	150	27	quang	quang	PROPN
easat-7861	150	28	nam	nam	NOUN
easat-7861	150	29	1.273	1.273	NUM
easat-7861	150	30	0.961	0.961	NUM
easat-7861	150	31	0.949	0.949	NUM
easat-7861	150	32	1.001	1.001	NUM
easat-7861	150	33	1.338	1.338	NUM
easat-7861	150	34	1.006	1.006	NUM
easat-7861	150	35	quang	quang	PROPN
easat-7861	150	36	ngai	ngai	PROPN
easat-7861	150	37	1.215	1.215	NUM
easat-7861	150	38	0.954	0.954	NUM
easat-7861	150	39	0.926	0.926	NUM
easat-7861	150	40	0.977	0.977	NUM
easat-7861	150	41	1.157	1.157	NUM
easat-7861	150	42	1.092	1.092	NUM
easat-7861	150	43	binh	binh	PROPN
easat-7861	150	44	dinh	dinh	NOUN
easat-7861	150	45	1.085	1.085	NUM
easat-7861	150	46	1.163	1.163	NUM
easat-7861	150	47	0.976	0.976	NUM
easat-7861	150	48	1.040	1.040	NUM
easat-7861	150	49	1.056	1.056	NUM
easat-7861	150	50	0.995	0.995	NUM
easat-7861	150	51	phu	phu	NOUN
easat-7861	150	52	yen	yen	NOUN
easat-7861	150	53	1.080	1.080	NUM
easat-7861	150	54	0.917	0.917	NUM
easat-7861	150	55	0.954	0.954	NUM
easat-7861	150	56	1.049	1.049	NUM
easat-7861	150	57	1.051	1.051	NUM
easat-7861	150	58	1.001	1.001	NUM
easat-7861	150	59	khanh	khanh	NOUN
easat-7861	150	60	hoa	hoa	PROPN
easat-7861	150	61	1.032	1.032	NUM
easat-7861	150	62	0.943	0.943	NUM
easat-7861	150	63	0.935	0.935	NUM
easat-7861	150	64	0.952	0.952	NUM
easat-7861	150	65	0.897	0.897	NUM
easat-7861	150	66	1.025	1.025	NUM
easat-7861	150	67	ninh	ninh	PROPN
easat-7861	150	68	thuan	thuan	PROPN
easat-7861	150	69	1.193	1.193	NUM
easat-7861	150	70	0.990	0.990	NUM
easat-7861	150	71	0.803	0.803	NUM
easat-7861	150	72	0.951	0.951	NUM
easat-7861	150	73	1.112	1.112	NUM
easat-7861	150	74	1.022	1.022	NUM
easat-7861	150	75	binh	binh	PROPN
easat-7861	150	76	thuan	thuan	PROPN
easat-7861	150	77	1.178	1.178	NUM
easat-7861	150	78	1.227	1.227	NUM
easat-7861	150	79	1.019	1.019	NUM
easat-7861	150	80	0.987	0.987	NUM
easat-7861	150	81	1.256	1.256	NUM
easat-7861	150	82	1.005	1.005	NUM
easat-7861	150	83	kon	kon	PROPN
easat-7861	150	84	tum	tum	PROPN
easat-7861	150	85	1.142	1.142	NUM
easat-7861	150	86	0.953	0.953	NUM
easat-7861	150	87	1.056	1.056	NUM
easat-7861	150	88	1.062	1.062	NUM
easat-7861	150	89	1.165	1.165	NUM
easat-7861	150	90	1.068	1.068	NUM
easat-7861	150	91	gia	gia	NOUN
easat-7861	150	92	lai	lai	PROPN
easat-7861	150	93	1.140	1.140	NUM
easat-7861	150	94	0.973	0.973	NUM
easat-7861	150	95	1.198	1.198	NUM
easat-7861	150	96	1.019	1.019	NUM
easat-7861	150	97	1.079	1.079	NUM
easat-7861	150	98	0.983	0.983	NUM
easat-7861	150	99	dak	dak	PROPN
easat-7861	150	100	lak	lak	PROPN
easat-7861	150	101	1.004	1.004	NUM
easat-7861	150	102	1.032	1.032	NUM
easat-7861	150	103	1.222	1.222	NUM
easat-7861	150	104	0.925	0.925	NUM
easat-7861	150	105	1.030	1.030	NUM
easat-7861	150	106	0.989	0.989	NUM
easat-7861	150	107	lam	lam	PROPN
easat-7861	150	108	dong	dong	PROPN
easat-7861	150	109	1.177	1.177	NUM
easat-7861	150	110	1.417	1.417	NUM
easat-7861	150	111	1.149	1.149	NUM
easat-7861	150	112	1.031	1.031	NUM
easat-7861	150	113	1.072	1.072	NUM
easat-7861	150	114	1.064	1.064	NUM
easat-7861	150	115	binh	binh	PROPN
easat-7861	150	116	phuoc	phuoc	NOUN
easat-7861	150	117	1.147	1.147	NUM
easat-7861	150	118	0.984	0.984	NUM
easat-7861	150	119	1.043	1.043	NUM
easat-7861	150	120	1.027	1.027	NUM
easat-7861	150	121	1.069	1.069	NUM
easat-7861	150	122	1.054	1.054	NUM
easat-7861	150	123	tay	tay	NOUN
easat-7861	150	124	ninh	ninh	PROPN
easat-7861	150	125	1.128	1.128	NUM
easat-7861	150	126	0.961	0.961	NUM
easat-7861	150	127	1.020	1.020	NUM
easat-7861	150	128	0.975	0.975	NUM
easat-7861	150	129	1.012	1.012	NUM
easat-7861	150	130	1.070	1.070	NUM
easat-7861	150	131	binh	binh	PROPN
easat-7861	150	132	duong	duong	PROPN
easat-7861	150	133	1.048	1.048	NUM
easat-7861	150	134	1.007	1.007	NUM
easat-7861	150	135	1.156	1.156	NUM
easat-7861	150	136	1.014	1.014	NUM
easat-7861	150	137	0.619	0.619	NUM
easat-7861	150	138	0.918	0.918	NUM
easat-7861	150	139	dong	dong	NOUN
easat-7861	150	140	nai	nai	PROPN
easat-7861	150	141	1.056	1.056	NUM
easat-7861	150	142	0.868	0.868	NUM
easat-7861	150	143	0.987	0.987	NUM
easat-7861	150	144	1.007	1.007	NUM
easat-7861	150	145	0.783	0.783	NUM
easat-7861	150	146	0.843	0.843	NUM
easat-7861	150	147	br	br	NOUN
easat-7861	150	148	vung	vung	PROPN
easat-7861	150	149	tau	tau	PROPN
easat-7861	150	150	1.073	1.073	NUM
easat-7861	150	151	0.878	0.878	NUM
easat-7861	150	152	0.994	0.994	NUM
easat-7861	150	153	0.940	0.940	NUM
easat-7861	150	154	1.122	1.122	NUM
easat-7861	150	155	1.347	1.347	NUM
easat-7861	150	156	ho	ho	PROPN
easat-7861	150	157	chi	chi	PROPN
easat-7861	150	158	minh	minh	PROPN
easat-7861	150	159	1.207	1.207	NUM
easat-7861	150	160	0.865	0.865	NUM
easat-7861	150	161	0.957	0.957	NUM
easat-7861	150	162	0.983	0.983	NUM
easat-7861	150	163	0.864	0.864	NUM
easat-7861	150	164	0.854	0.854	NUM
easat-7861	150	165	long	long	ADV
easat-7861	150	166	an	an	DET
easat-7861	150	167	1.077	1.077	NUM
easat-7861	150	168	0.873	0.873	NUM
easat-7861	150	169	0.948	0.948	NUM
easat-7861	150	170	1.018	1.018	NUM
easat-7861	150	171	1.127	1.127	NUM
easat-7861	150	172	1.099	1.099	NUM
easat-7861	150	173	tien	tien	NOUN
easat-7861	150	174	giang	giang	PROPN
easat-7861	150	175	0.998	0.998	NUM
easat-7861	150	176	1.080	1.080	NUM
easat-7861	150	177	1.232	1.232	NUM
easat-7861	150	178	0.891	0.891	NUM
easat-7861	150	179	1.192	1.192	NUM
easat-7861	150	180	1.250	1.250	NUM
easat-7861	150	181	ben	ben	PROPN
easat-7861	150	182	tre	tre	PROPN
easat-7861	150	183	1.522	1.522	NUM
easat-7861	150	184	2.928	2.928	NUM
easat-7861	150	185	0.962	0.962	NUM
easat-7861	150	186	0.971	0.971	NUM
easat-7861	150	187	0.778	0.778	NUM
easat-7861	150	188	0.966	0.966	NUM
easat-7861	150	189	tra	tra	PROPN
easat-7861	150	190	vinh	vinh	PROPN
easat-7861	150	191	0.947	0.947	NUM
easat-7861	151	1	0.831	0.831	NUM
easat-7861	151	2	1.093	1.093	NUM
easat-7861	151	3	1.069	1.069	NUM
easat-7861	151	4	1.282	1.282	NUM
easat-7861	151	5	0.971	0.971	NUM
easat-7861	151	6	vinh	vinh	NOUN
easat-7861	151	7	long	long	ADJ
easat-7861	151	8	1.104	1.104	NUM
easat-7861	151	9	1.106	1.106	NUM
easat-7861	151	10	1.232	1.232	NUM
easat-7861	151	11	0.983	0.983	NUM
easat-7861	151	12	1.063	1.063	NUM
easat-7861	151	13	1.403	1.403	NUM
easat-7861	151	14	dong	dong	NOUN
easat-7861	151	15	thap	thap	PROPN
easat-7861	151	16	1.065	1.065	NUM
easat-7861	151	17	0.978	0.978	NUM
easat-7861	151	18	0.939	0.939	NUM
easat-7861	151	19	1.028	1.028	NUM
easat-7861	151	20	1.194	1.194	NUM
easat-7861	151	21	1.349	1.349	NUM
easat-7861	151	22	an	an	DET
easat-7861	151	23	giang	giang	PROPN
easat-7861	151	24	0.824	0.824	NUM
easat-7861	151	25	1.008	1.008	NUM
easat-7861	151	26	0.978	0.978	NUM
easat-7861	151	27	0.995	0.995	NUM
easat-7861	151	28	1.076	1.076	NUM
easat-7861	151	29	1.546	1.546	NUM
easat-7861	151	30	kien	kien	PROPN
easat-7861	151	31	giang	giang	PROPN
easat-7861	151	32	1.091	1.091	NUM
easat-7861	151	33	0.979	0.979	NUM
easat-7861	151	34	1.095	1.095	NUM
easat-7861	151	35	1.059	1.059	NUM
easat-7861	151	36	1.149	1.149	NUM
easat-7861	151	37	1.268	1.268	NUM
easat-7861	151	38	can	can	AUX
easat-7861	151	39	tho	tho	NOUN
easat-7861	151	40	0.944	0.944	NUM
easat-7861	151	41	0.887	0.887	NUM
easat-7861	151	42	0.879	0.879	NUM
easat-7861	151	43	0.956	0.956	NUM
easat-7861	151	44	1.016	1.016	NUM
easat-7861	151	45	0.791	0.791	NUM
easat-7861	151	46	soc	soc	NOUN
easat-7861	151	47	trang	trang	PROPN
easat-7861	151	48	1.000	1.000	NUM
easat-7861	151	49	0.917	0.917	NUM
easat-7861	151	50	0.993	0.993	NUM
easat-7861	151	51	1.071	1.071	NUM
easat-7861	151	52	1.084	1.084	NUM
easat-7861	151	53	1.344	1.344	NUM
easat-7861	151	54	bac	bac	NOUN
easat-7861	151	55	lieu	lieu	NOUN
easat-7861	151	56	0.983	0.983	NUM
easat-7861	151	57	1.039	1.039	NUM
easat-7861	151	58	1.042	1.042	NUM
easat-7861	151	59	0.980	0.980	NUM
easat-7861	151	60	1.515	1.515	NUM
easat-7861	151	61	1.015	1.015	NUM
easat-7861	151	62	ca	ca	AUX
easat-7861	151	63	mau	mau	PROPN
easat-7861	151	64	0.816	0.816	NUM
easat-7861	151	65	0.980	0.980	NUM
easat-7861	151	66	1.044	1.044	NUM
easat-7861	151	67	1.022	1.022	NUM
easat-7861	151	68	1.134	1.134	NUM
easat-7861	151	69	1.127	1.127	NUM
easat-7861	151	70	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-7861	151	71	1.101	1.101	NUM
easat-7861	151	72	0.990	0.990	NUM
easat-7861	151	73	1.003	1.003	NUM
easat-7861	151	74	0.989	0.989	NUM
easat-7861	151	75	1.063	1.063	NUM
easat-7861	151	76	1.048	1.048	NUM
easat-7861	151	77	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	151	78	addition	addition	NOUN
easat-7861	151	79	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	151	80	the	the	DET
easat-7861	151	81	national	national	ADJ
easat-7861	151	82	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	151	83	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	151	84	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	151	85	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	151	86	this	this	DET
easat-7861	151	87	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	151	88	also	also	ADV
easat-7861	151	89	investigates	investigate	VERB
easat-7861	151	90	total	total	ADJ
easat-7861	151	91	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	151	92	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	151	93	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	151	94	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	151	95	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	151	96	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	151	97	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	151	98	the	the	DET
easat-7861	151	99	provincial	provincial	ADJ
easat-7861	151	100	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	151	101	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	151	102	60	60	NUM
easat-7861	151	103	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	151	104	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	151	105	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	151	106	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	151	107	the	the	DET
easat-7861	151	108	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	151	109	1986–2018	1986–2018	NUM
easat-7861	151	110	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	151	111	as	as	SCONJ
easat-7861	151	112	presented	present	VERB
easat-7861	151	113	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	151	114	the	the	DET
easat-7861	151	115	table	table	NOUN
easat-7861	151	116	3	3	X
easat-7861	151	117	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	152	1	this	this	DET
easat-7861	152	2	provincial	provincial	ADJ
easat-7861	152	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	152	4	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	152	5	examination	examination	NOUN
easat-7861	152	6	provides	provide	VERB
easat-7861	152	7	further	further	ADJ
easat-7861	152	8	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-7861	152	9	into	into	ADP
easat-7861	152	10	the	the	DET
easat-7861	152	11	spatial	spatial	ADJ
easat-7861	152	12	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
easat-7861	152	13	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	152	14	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	152	15	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	152	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	152	17	highlights	highlight	NOUN
easat-7861	152	18	the	the	DET
easat-7861	152	19	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-7861	152	20	disparities	disparity	NOUN
easat-7861	152	21	within	within	ADP
easat-7861	152	22	the	the	DET
easat-7861	152	23	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	152	24	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	152	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	153	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	153	2	average	average	ADJ
easat-7861	153	3	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	153	4	across	across	ADP
easat-7861	153	5	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	153	6	varied	varied	ADJ
easat-7861	153	7	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	153	8	selected	select	VERB
easat-7861	153	9	years	year	NOUN
easat-7861	153	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	153	11	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	153	12	values	value	NOUN
easat-7861	153	13	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	153	14	1.101	1.101	NUM
easat-7861	153	15	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	153	16	1987	1987	NUM
easat-7861	153	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	153	18	0.990	0.990	NUM
easat-7861	153	19	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	153	20	1990	1990	NUM
easat-7861	153	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	153	22	1.003	1.003	NUM
easat-7861	153	23	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	153	24	2000	2000	NUM
easat-7861	153	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	153	26	0.989	0.989	NUM
easat-7861	153	27	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	153	28	2010	2010	NUM
easat-7861	153	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	153	30	1.063	1.063	NUM
easat-7861	153	31	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	153	32	2015	2015	NUM
easat-7861	153	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	153	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	153	35	1.048	1.048	NUM
easat-7861	153	36	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	153	37	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	153	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	154	1	these	these	DET
easat-7861	154	2	trends	trend	NOUN
easat-7861	154	3	are	be	AUX
easat-7861	154	4	broadly	broadly	ADV
easat-7861	154	5	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-7861	154	6	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	154	7	national	national	ADJ
easat-7861	154	8	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	154	9	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	154	10	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-7861	154	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	154	12	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-7861	154	13	moderate	moderate	ADJ
easat-7861	154	14	but	but	CCONJ
easat-7861	154	15	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-7861	154	16	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-7861	154	17	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	154	18	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	154	19	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	154	20	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	154	21	time	time	NOUN
easat-7861	154	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	155	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	155	2	tfpc	tfpc	PROPN
easat-7861	155	3	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-7861	155	4	were	be	AUX
easat-7861	155	5	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-7861	155	6	evident	evident	ADJ
easat-7861	155	7	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	155	8	the	the	DET
easat-7861	155	9	post-2010	post-2010	ADJ
easat-7861	155	10	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	155	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	155	12	coinciding	coincide	VERB
easat-7861	155	13	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	155	14	increased	increase	VERB
easat-7861	155	15	adoption	adoption	NOUN
easat-7861	155	16	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	155	17	new	new	ADJ
easat-7861	155	18	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	155	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	155	20	strengthened	strengthen	VERB
easat-7861	155	21	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	155	22	support	support	NOUN
easat-7861	155	23	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	155	24	the	the	DET
easat-7861	155	25	635	635	NUM
easat-7861	155	26	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	155	27	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	155	28	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	155	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	155	30	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	155	31	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	155	32	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	155	33	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	155	34	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	155	35	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	155	36	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	155	37	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	156	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	156	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	156	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	156	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	157	1	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	157	2	:	:	SYM
easat-7861	157	3	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	157	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	157	5	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	157	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	157	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	157	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-7861	157	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	157	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	157	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	157	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	157	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	157	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	157	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	157	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	157	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	157	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-7861	157	19	gate	gate	VERB
easat-7861	157	20	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	157	21	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	157	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	158	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
easat-7861	158	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	158	3	the	the	DET
easat-7861	158	4	declines	decline	NOUN
easat-7861	158	5	observed	observe	VERB
easat-7861	158	6	around	around	ADP
easat-7861	158	7	1990	1990	NUM
easat-7861	158	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	158	9	2010	2010	NUM
easat-7861	158	10	may	may	AUX
easat-7861	158	11	be	be	AUX
easat-7861	158	12	associated	associate	VERB
easat-7861	158	13	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	158	14	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-7861	158	15	adjustments	adjustment	NOUN
easat-7861	158	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	158	17	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-7861	158	18	reforms	reform	NOUN
easat-7861	158	19	that	that	PRON
easat-7861	158	20	temporarily	temporarily	ADV
easat-7861	158	21	impacted	impact	VERB
easat-7861	158	22	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	158	23	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	158	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	159	1	substantial	substantial	ADJ
easat-7861	159	2	heterogeneity	heterogeneity	NOUN
easat-7861	159	3	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	159	4	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	159	5	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-7861	159	6	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	159	7	observed	observe	VERB
easat-7861	159	8	across	across	ADP
easat-7861	159	9	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	159	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	1	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	160	2	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	160	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	4	several	several	ADJ
easat-7861	160	5	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	160	6	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-7861	160	7	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-7861	160	8	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	160	9	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-7861	160	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	11	notably	notably	ADV
easat-7861	160	12	thai	thai	PROPN
easat-7861	160	13	binh	binh	PROPN
easat-7861	160	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	15	1.569	1.569	NUM
easat-7861	160	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	18	an	an	DET
easat-7861	160	19	giang	giang	PROPN
easat-7861	160	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	21	1.546	1.546	NUM
easat-7861	160	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	24	vinh	vinh	PROPN
easat-7861	160	25	long	long	ADV
easat-7861	160	26	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	27	1.403	1.403	NUM
easat-7861	160	28	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	30	ba	ba	PROPN
easat-7861	160	31	ria	ria	PROPN
easat-7861	160	32	–	–	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	33	vung	vung	PROPN
easat-7861	160	34	tau	tau	PROPN
easat-7861	160	35	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	36	1.347	1.347	NUM
easat-7861	160	37	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	160	40	tien	tien	PROPN
easat-7861	160	41	giang	giang	PROPN
easat-7861	160	42	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	43	1.250	1.250	NUM
easat-7861	160	44	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	160	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	161	1	most	most	ADJ
easat-7861	161	2	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	161	3	these	these	DET
easat-7861	161	4	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	161	5	are	be	AUX
easat-7861	161	6	located	locate	VERB
easat-7861	161	7	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	161	8	the	the	DET
easat-7861	161	9	south	south	NOUN
easat-7861	161	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	161	11	mekong	mekong	PROPN
easat-7861	161	12	river	river	PROPN
easat-7861	161	13	delta	delta	NOUN
easat-7861	161	14	regions	region	NOUN
easat-7861	161	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	161	16	where	where	SCONJ
easat-7861	161	17	the	the	DET
easat-7861	161	18	adoption	adoption	NOUN
easat-7861	161	19	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	161	20	high	high	ADJ
easat-7861	161	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	161	22	value	value	NOUN
easat-7861	161	23	crops	crop	NOUN
easat-7861	161	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	161	25	increased	increase	VERB
easat-7861	161	26	mechanization	mechanization	NOUN
easat-7861	161	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	161	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	161	29	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-7861	161	30	water	water	NOUN
easat-7861	161	31	resource	resource	NOUN
easat-7861	161	32	management	management	NOUN
easat-7861	161	33	have	have	AUX
easat-7861	161	34	contributed	contribute	VERB
easat-7861	161	35	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	161	36	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	161	37	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-7861	161	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	162	1	thai	thai	PROPN
easat-7861	162	2	binh	binh	PROPN
easat-7861	162	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	162	4	located	locate	VERB
easat-7861	162	5	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	162	6	the	the	DET
easat-7861	162	7	red	red	PROPN
easat-7861	162	8	river	river	PROPN
easat-7861	162	9	delta	delta	NOUN
easat-7861	162	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	162	11	also	also	ADV
easat-7861	162	12	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-7861	162	13	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-7861	162	14	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-7861	162	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	162	16	likely	likely	ADJ
easat-7861	162	17	due	due	ADP
easat-7861	162	18	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	162	19	an	an	DET
easat-7861	162	20	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-7861	162	21	irrigation	irrigation	NOUN
easat-7861	162	22	system	system	NOUN
easat-7861	162	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	162	24	government	government	NOUN
easat-7861	162	25	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	162	26	supporting	support	VERB
easat-7861	162	27	intensive	intensive	ADJ
easat-7861	162	28	rice	rice	NOUN
easat-7861	162	29	cultivation	cultivation	NOUN
easat-7861	162	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	163	1	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	163	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-7861	163	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	163	4	several	several	ADJ
easat-7861	163	5	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	163	6	recorded	record	VERB
easat-7861	163	7	relatively	relatively	ADV
easat-7861	163	8	low	low	ADJ
easat-7861	163	9	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	163	10	values	value	NOUN
easat-7861	163	11	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	163	12	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	163	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	163	14	including	include	VERB
easat-7861	163	15	can	can	AUX
easat-7861	163	16	tho	tho	X
easat-7861	163	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	163	18	0.791	0.791	NUM
easat-7861	163	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	163	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	163	21	dong	dong	PROPN
easat-7861	163	22	nai	nai	PROPN
easat-7861	163	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	163	24	0.843	0.843	NUM
easat-7861	163	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	163	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	163	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	163	28	ho	ho	PROPN
easat-7861	163	29	chi	chi	PROPN
easat-7861	163	30	minh	minh	PROPN
easat-7861	163	31	city	city	NOUN
easat-7861	163	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	163	33	0.854	0.854	NUM
easat-7861	163	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	163	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	164	1	these	these	DET
easat-7861	164	2	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	164	3	are	be	AUX
easat-7861	164	4	experiencing	experience	VERB
easat-7861	164	5	rapid	rapid	ADJ
easat-7861	164	6	urbanization	urbanization	NOUN
easat-7861	164	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	164	8	industrialization	industrialization	NOUN
easat-7861	164	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	164	10	which	which	PRON
easat-7861	164	11	may	may	AUX
easat-7861	164	12	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-7861	164	13	the	the	DET
easat-7861	164	14	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
easat-7861	164	15	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	164	16	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	164	17	development	development	NOUN
easat-7861	164	18	or	or	CCONJ
easat-7861	164	19	result	result	VERB
easat-7861	164	20	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	164	21	a	a	DET
easat-7861	164	22	reallocation	reallocation	NOUN
easat-7861	164	23	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	164	24	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-7861	164	25	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	164	26	non	non	ADJ
easat-7861	164	27	-	-	ADJ
easat-7861	164	28	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	164	29	sectors	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	164	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	165	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	165	2	data	datum	NOUN
easat-7861	165	3	also	also	ADV
easat-7861	165	4	reveal	reveal	VERB
easat-7861	165	5	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
easat-7861	165	6	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	165	7	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	165	8	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	165	9	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	165	10	time	time	NOUN
easat-7861	165	11	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	165	12	the	the	DET
easat-7861	165	13	provincial	provincial	ADJ
easat-7861	165	14	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	165	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	166	1	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	166	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-7861	166	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	166	4	ben	ben	PROPN
easat-7861	166	5	tre	tre	PROPN
easat-7861	166	6	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
easat-7861	166	7	an	an	DET
easat-7861	166	8	exceptionally	exceptionally	ADV
easat-7861	166	9	high	high	ADJ
easat-7861	166	10	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	166	11	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	166	12	2.928	2.928	NUM
easat-7861	166	13	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	166	14	1990	1990	NUM
easat-7861	166	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	166	16	followed	follow	VERB
easat-7861	166	17	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	166	18	more	more	ADJ
easat-7861	166	19	moderate	moderate	ADJ
easat-7861	166	20	values	value	NOUN
easat-7861	166	21	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	166	22	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
easat-7861	166	23	years	year	NOUN
easat-7861	166	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	166	25	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-7861	166	26	a	a	DET
easat-7861	166	27	temporary	temporary	ADJ
easat-7861	166	28	surge	surge	NOUN
easat-7861	166	29	possibly	possibly	ADV
easat-7861	166	30	influenced	influence	VERB
easat-7861	166	31	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	166	32	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-7861	166	33	changes	change	NOUN
easat-7861	166	34	or	or	CCONJ
easat-7861	166	35	one	one	NUM
easat-7861	166	36	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	166	37	off	off	ADP
easat-7861	166	38	external	external	ADJ
easat-7861	166	39	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	166	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	167	1	lam	lam	PROPN
easat-7861	167	2	dong	dong	PROPN
easat-7861	167	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	167	4	a	a	DET
easat-7861	167	5	province	province	NOUN
easat-7861	167	6	known	know	VERB
easat-7861	167	7	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	167	8	high	high	ADJ
easat-7861	167	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	167	10	value	value	NOUN
easat-7861	167	11	crops	crop	NOUN
easat-7861	167	12	such	such	ADJ
easat-7861	167	13	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	167	14	coffee	coffee	NOUN
easat-7861	167	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	167	16	flowers	flower	NOUN
easat-7861	167	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	167	18	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-7861	167	19	maintained	maintain	VERB
easat-7861	167	20	elevated	elevated	ADJ
easat-7861	167	21	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	167	22	throughout	throughout	ADP
easat-7861	167	23	the	the	DET
easat-7861	167	24	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	167	25	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	167	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	167	27	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-7861	167	28	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-7861	167	29	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-7861	167	30	adoption	adoption	NOUN
easat-7861	167	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	167	32	successful	successful	ADJ
easat-7861	167	33	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-7861	167	34	into	into	ADP
easat-7861	167	35	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	167	36	markets	market	NOUN
easat-7861	167	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	168	1	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	168	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-7861	168	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	168	4	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	168	5	such	such	ADJ
easat-7861	168	6	as	as	ADP
easat-7861	168	7	ha	ha	INTJ
easat-7861	168	8	tinh	tinh	PROPN
easat-7861	168	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	168	10	dak	dak	PROPN
easat-7861	168	11	lak	lak	PROPN
easat-7861	168	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	168	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	168	14	dong	dong	PROPN
easat-7861	168	15	nai	nai	PROPN
easat-7861	168	16	showed	show	VERB
easat-7861	168	17	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
easat-7861	168	18	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	168	19	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-7861	168	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	168	21	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-7861	168	22	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-7861	168	23	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	168	24	sustaining	sustain	VERB
easat-7861	168	25	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	168	26	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-7861	168	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	168	28	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-7861	168	29	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	168	30	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-7861	168	31	economies	economy	NOUN
easat-7861	168	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	168	33	or	or	CCONJ
easat-7861	168	34	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
easat-7861	168	35	constraints	constraint	NOUN
easat-7861	168	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	169	1	these	these	DET
easat-7861	169	2	variations	variation	NOUN
easat-7861	169	3	underscore	underscore	VERB
easat-7861	169	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	169	5	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-7861	169	6	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	169	7	regionally	regionally	ADV
easat-7861	169	8	tailored	tailor	VERB
easat-7861	169	9	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	169	10	to	to	PART
easat-7861	169	11	support	support	VERB
easat-7861	169	12	sustained	sustain	VERB
easat-7861	169	13	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	169	14	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	169	15	across	across	ADP
easat-7861	169	16	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-7861	169	17	agro	agro	NOUN
easat-7861	169	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	169	19	ecological	ecological	ADJ
easat-7861	169	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	169	21	socio	socio	NOUN
easat-7861	169	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	169	23	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-7861	169	24	contexts	contexts	NOUN
easat-7861	169	25	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	169	26	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	169	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	170	1	5	5	X
easat-7861	170	2	.	.	X
easat-7861	170	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
easat-7861	170	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	170	5	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-7861	170	6	5.1	5.1	NUM
easat-7861	170	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	171	1	conclusion	conclusion	VERB
easat-7861	171	2	the	the	DET
easat-7861	171	3	paper	paper	NOUN
easat-7861	171	4	applies	apply	VERB
easat-7861	171	5	the	the	DET
easat-7861	171	6	non	non	ADJ
easat-7861	171	7	-	-	ADJ
easat-7861	171	8	parametric	parametric	ADJ
easat-7861	171	9	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-7861	171	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	171	11	malmquist	malmquist	PROPN
easat-7861	171	12	dea	dea	PROPN
easat-7861	171	13	to	to	PART
easat-7861	171	14	measure	measure	VERB
easat-7861	171	15	the	the	DET
easat-7861	171	16	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	171	17	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	171	18	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	171	19	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	171	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	171	21	its	its	PRON
easat-7861	171	22	components	component	NOUN
easat-7861	171	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	171	24	tec	tec	ADJ
easat-7861	171	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	171	26	tc	tc	PROPN
easat-7861	171	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	171	28	sc	sc	PROPN
easat-7861	171	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	171	30	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	171	31	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	171	32	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	171	33	a	a	DET
easat-7861	171	34	33	33	NUM
easat-7861	171	35	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	171	36	year	year	NOUN
easat-7861	171	37	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	171	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	171	39	1986–2018	1986–2018	NOUN
easat-7861	171	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	171	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	172	1	it	it	PRON
easat-7861	172	2	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	172	3	a	a	DET
easat-7861	172	4	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-7861	172	5	dataset	dataset	VERB
easat-7861	172	6	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	172	7	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	172	8	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	172	9	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	172	10	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	172	11	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	172	12	one	one	NUM
easat-7861	172	13	aggregate	aggregate	ADJ
easat-7861	172	14	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	172	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	172	16	five	five	NUM
easat-7861	172	17	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-7861	172	18	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	172	19	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	172	20	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	172	21	60	60	NUM
easat-7861	172	22	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	172	23	during	during	ADP
easat-7861	172	24	1986–2018	1986–2018	NUM
easat-7861	172	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	173	1	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	173	2	the	the	DET
easat-7861	173	3	malmquist	malmquist	PROPN
easat-7861	173	4	dea	dea	PROPN
easat-7861	173	5	model	model	PROPN
easat-7861	173	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	173	7	the	the	DET
easat-7861	173	8	output	output	NOUN
easat-7861	173	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	173	10	oriented	orient	VERB
easat-7861	173	11	frontiers	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	173	12	are	be	AUX
easat-7861	173	13	estimated	estimate	VERB
easat-7861	173	14	based	base	VERB
easat-7861	173	15	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	173	16	the	the	DET
easat-7861	173	17	specification	specification	NOUN
easat-7861	173	18	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	173	19	variable	variable	ADJ
easat-7861	173	20	returns	return	NOUN
easat-7861	173	21	to	to	PART
easat-7861	173	22	scale	scale	VERB
easat-7861	173	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	174	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	174	2	main	main	ADJ
easat-7861	174	3	objective	objective	NOUN
easat-7861	174	4	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	174	5	this	this	DET
easat-7861	174	6	paper	paper	NOUN
easat-7861	174	7	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	174	8	to	to	PART
easat-7861	174	9	calculate	calculate	VERB
easat-7861	174	10	tc	tc	NUM
easat-7861	174	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	174	12	tec	tec	ADJ
easat-7861	174	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	174	14	sc	sc	PROPN
easat-7861	174	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	174	16	the	the	DET
easat-7861	174	17	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	174	18	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	174	19	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	174	20	using	use	VERB
easat-7861	174	21	the	the	DET
easat-7861	174	22	dea	dea	PROPN
easat-7861	174	23	method	method	NOUN
easat-7861	174	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	175	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	175	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-7861	175	3	show	show	VERB
easat-7861	175	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	175	5	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	175	6	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	175	7	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	175	8	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	175	9	has	have	AUX
easat-7861	175	10	increased	increase	VERB
easat-7861	175	11	positively	positively	ADV
easat-7861	175	12	over	over	ADP
easat-7861	175	13	the	the	DET
easat-7861	175	14	period	period	NOUN
easat-7861	175	15	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	175	16	1986	1986	NUM
easat-7861	175	17	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	175	18	2018	2018	NUM
easat-7861	175	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	176	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	176	2	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	176	3	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	176	4	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	176	5	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	176	6	the	the	DET
easat-7861	176	7	dea	dea	PROPN
easat-7861	176	8	method	method	NOUN
easat-7861	176	9	was	be	AUX
easat-7861	176	10	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	176	11	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	176	12	per	per	ADP
easat-7861	176	13	year	year	NOUN
easat-7861	176	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	176	15	while	while	SCONJ
easat-7861	176	16	the	the	DET
easat-7861	176	17	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
easat-7861	176	18	rates	rate	NOUN
easat-7861	176	19	were	be	AUX
easat-7861	176	20	68	68	NUM
easat-7861	176	21	%	%	NOUN
easat-7861	176	22	during	during	ADP
easat-7861	176	23	1986–2018	1986–2018	NUM
easat-7861	176	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	177	1	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-7861	177	2	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	177	3	was	be	AUX
easat-7861	177	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	177	5	main	main	ADJ
easat-7861	177	6	driver	driver	NOUN
easat-7861	177	7	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	177	8	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	177	9	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	177	10	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	177	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	177	12	followed	follow	VERB
easat-7861	177	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	177	14	tec	tec	PROPN
easat-7861	177	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	178	1	the	the	DET
easat-7861	178	2	sc	sc	PROPN
easat-7861	178	3	had	have	VERB
easat-7861	178	4	a	a	DET
easat-7861	178	5	negative	negative	ADJ
easat-7861	178	6	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-7861	178	7	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	178	8	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	178	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	179	1	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	179	2	the	the	DET
easat-7861	179	3	provincial	provincial	ADJ
easat-7861	179	4	level	level	NOUN
easat-7861	179	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	179	6	the	the	DET
easat-7861	179	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	179	8	revealed	reveal	VERB
easat-7861	179	9	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-7861	179	10	spatial	spatial	ADJ
easat-7861	179	11	disparities	disparity	NOUN
easat-7861	179	12	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	179	13	tfpc	tfpc	NOUN
easat-7861	179	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	180	1	some	some	DET
easat-7861	180	2	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	180	3	—	—	PUNCT
easat-7861	180	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-7861	180	5	those	those	PRON
easat-7861	180	6	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	180	7	the	the	DET
easat-7861	180	8	mekong	mekong	PROPN
easat-7861	180	9	river	river	PROPN
easat-7861	180	10	delta	delta	NOUN
easat-7861	180	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	180	12	the	the	DET
easat-7861	180	13	south	south	NOUN
easat-7861	180	14	—	—	PUNCT
easat-7861	180	15	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-7861	180	16	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-7861	180	17	high	high	ADJ
easat-7861	180	18	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	180	19	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	180	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	180	21	driven	drive	VERB
easat-7861	180	22	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	180	23	mechanization	mechanization	NOUN
easat-7861	180	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	180	25	high	high	ADJ
easat-7861	180	26	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	180	27	value	value	NOUN
easat-7861	180	28	crop	crop	NOUN
easat-7861	180	29	adoption	adoption	NOUN
easat-7861	180	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	180	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	180	32	market	market	NOUN
easat-7861	180	33	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-7861	180	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	181	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
easat-7861	181	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	181	3	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	181	4	experiencing	experience	VERB
easat-7861	181	5	rapid	rapid	ADJ
easat-7861	181	6	urbanization	urbanization	NOUN
easat-7861	181	7	or	or	CCONJ
easat-7861	181	8	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
easat-7861	181	9	constraints	constraint	NOUN
easat-7861	181	10	showed	show	VERB
easat-7861	181	11	lower	low	ADJ
easat-7861	181	12	or	or	CCONJ
easat-7861	181	13	more	more	ADV
easat-7861	181	14	volatile	volatile	ADJ
easat-7861	181	15	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	181	16	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	181	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	182	1	these	these	DET
easat-7861	182	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-7861	182	3	highlight	highlight	VERB
easat-7861	182	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	182	5	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-7861	182	6	role	role	NOUN
easat-7861	182	7	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	182	8	localized	localized	ADJ
easat-7861	182	9	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-7861	182	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	182	11	resource	resource	NOUN
easat-7861	182	12	allocation	allocation	NOUN
easat-7861	182	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	182	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	182	15	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	182	16	support	support	NOUN
easat-7861	182	17	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	182	18	shaping	shape	VERB
easat-7861	182	19	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	182	20	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-7861	182	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	183	1	overall	overall	ADV
easat-7861	183	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	183	3	these	these	DET
easat-7861	183	4	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
easat-7861	183	5	can	can	AUX
easat-7861	183	6	further	far	ADV
easat-7861	183	7	advance	advance	VERB
easat-7861	183	8	the	the	DET
easat-7861	183	9	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-7861	183	10	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	183	11	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	183	12	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	183	13	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	183	14	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	183	15	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	183	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	183	17	provide	provide	VERB
easat-7861	183	18	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
easat-7861	183	19	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	183	20	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-7861	183	21	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-7861	183	22	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	183	23	developing	develop	VERB
easat-7861	183	24	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	183	25	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-7861	183	26	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
easat-7861	183	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	183	28	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
easat-7861	183	29	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	183	30	development	development	NOUN
easat-7861	183	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	184	1	636	636	NUM
easat-7861	184	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	184	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	184	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	184	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	184	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	184	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	184	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	184	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	184	10	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	184	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	184	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	184	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	185	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	185	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	185	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	185	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	186	1	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	186	2	:	:	SYM
easat-7861	186	3	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	186	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	186	5	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	186	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	186	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	186	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-7861	186	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	186	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	186	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	186	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	186	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	186	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	186	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	186	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	186	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	186	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-7861	186	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-7861	186	20	5.2	5.2	NUM
easat-7861	186	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	187	1	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-7861	187	2	based	base	VERB
easat-7861	187	3	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	187	4	the	the	DET
easat-7861	187	5	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-7861	187	6	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	187	7	the	the	DET
easat-7861	187	8	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	187	9	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	187	10	measuring	measure	VERB
easat-7861	187	11	the	the	DET
easat-7861	187	12	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	187	13	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	187	14	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	187	15	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	187	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	187	17	its	its	PRON
easat-7861	187	18	components	component	NOUN
easat-7861	187	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	187	20	tec	tec	ADJ
easat-7861	187	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	187	22	tc	tc	PROPN
easat-7861	187	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	187	24	sc	sc	PROPN
easat-7861	187	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	187	26	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	187	27	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	187	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	187	29	this	this	DET
easat-7861	187	30	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	187	31	has	have	VERB
easat-7861	187	32	several	several	ADJ
easat-7861	187	33	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	187	34	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-7861	187	35	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	187	36	improving	improve	VERB
easat-7861	187	37	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	187	38	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	187	39	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	187	40	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	187	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	188	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	188	2	1	1	X
easat-7861	188	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	188	4	investing	invest	VERB
easat-7861	188	5	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	188	6	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-7861	188	7	progress	progress	NOUN
easat-7861	188	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	188	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	188	10	result	result	NOUN
easat-7861	188	11	shows	show	VERB
easat-7861	188	12	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	188	13	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-7861	188	14	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	188	15	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	188	16	the	the	DET
easat-7861	188	17	primary	primary	ADJ
easat-7861	188	18	driver	driver	NOUN
easat-7861	188	19	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	188	20	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	188	21	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	188	22	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	188	23	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	188	24	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	188	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	189	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-7861	189	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	189	3	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
easat-7861	189	4	should	should	AUX
easat-7861	189	5	continue	continue	VERB
easat-7861	189	6	to	to	PART
easat-7861	189	7	invest	invest	VERB
easat-7861	189	8	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	189	9	research	research	NOUN
easat-7861	189	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	189	11	development	development	NOUN
easat-7861	189	12	to	to	PART
easat-7861	189	13	support	support	VERB
easat-7861	189	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	189	15	adoption	adoption	NOUN
easat-7861	189	16	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	189	17	new	new	ADJ
easat-7861	189	18	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	189	19	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	189	20	the	the	DET
easat-7861	189	21	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	189	22	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	189	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	190	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	190	2	2	2	X
easat-7861	190	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	190	4	improving	improve	VERB
easat-7861	190	5	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	190	6	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	190	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	190	8	the	the	DET
easat-7861	190	9	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	190	10	found	find	VERB
easat-7861	190	11	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	190	12	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	190	13	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	190	14	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	190	15	still	still	ADV
easat-7861	190	16	a	a	DET
easat-7861	190	17	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-7861	190	18	issue	issue	NOUN
easat-7861	190	19	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	190	20	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	190	21	’s	’s	PART
easat-7861	190	22	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	190	23	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-7861	190	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	190	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	190	26	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	190	27	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	190	28	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	190	29	has	have	VERB
easat-7861	190	30	a	a	DET
easat-7861	190	31	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-7861	190	32	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-7861	190	33	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	190	34	tfp	tfp	PROPN
easat-7861	190	35	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	190	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	191	1	thus	thus	ADV
easat-7861	191	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	191	3	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
easat-7861	191	4	should	should	AUX
easat-7861	191	5	focus	focus	VERB
easat-7861	191	6	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	191	7	providing	provide	VERB
easat-7861	191	8	farmers	farmer	NOUN
easat-7861	191	9	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	191	10	training	training	NOUN
easat-7861	191	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	191	12	information	information	NOUN
easat-7861	191	13	to	to	PART
easat-7861	191	14	help	help	VERB
easat-7861	191	15	them	they	PRON
easat-7861	191	16	use	use	VERB
easat-7861	191	17	their	their	PRON
easat-7861	191	18	inputs	input	NOUN
easat-7861	191	19	more	more	ADV
easat-7861	191	20	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
easat-7861	191	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	191	22	adopt	adopt	VERB
easat-7861	191	23	best	good	ADJ
easat-7861	191	24	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-7861	191	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	192	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	192	2	3	3	X
easat-7861	192	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	192	4	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-7861	192	5	a	a	DET
easat-7861	192	6	supportive	supportive	ADJ
easat-7861	192	7	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	192	8	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-7861	192	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	192	10	government	government	NOUN
easat-7861	192	11	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	192	12	play	play	VERB
easat-7861	192	13	a	a	DET
easat-7861	192	14	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-7861	192	15	role	role	NOUN
easat-7861	192	16	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	192	17	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-7861	192	18	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	192	19	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	192	20	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	192	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	193	1	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
easat-7861	193	2	should	should	AUX
easat-7861	193	3	create	create	VERB
easat-7861	193	4	a	a	DET
easat-7861	193	5	supportive	supportive	ADJ
easat-7861	193	6	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	193	7	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-7861	193	8	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	193	9	providing	provide	VERB
easat-7861	193	10	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-7861	193	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	193	12	access	access	NOUN
easat-7861	193	13	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	193	14	credit	credit	NOUN
easat-7861	193	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	193	16	other	other	ADJ
easat-7861	193	17	necessary	necessary	ADJ
easat-7861	193	18	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-7861	193	19	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	193	20	farmers	farmer	NOUN
easat-7861	193	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	193	22	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-7861	193	23	smallscale	smallscale	ADJ
easat-7861	193	24	farmers	farmer	NOUN
easat-7861	193	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	193	26	to	to	PART
easat-7861	193	27	improve	improve	VERB
easat-7861	193	28	their	their	PRON
easat-7861	193	29	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	193	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	193	31	competitiveness	competitiveness	NOUN
easat-7861	193	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	194	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	194	2	4	4	NUM
easat-7861	194	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	194	4	to	to	PART
easat-7861	194	5	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-7861	194	6	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	194	7	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	194	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	194	9	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-7861	194	10	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-7861	194	11	disparities	disparity	NOUN
easat-7861	194	12	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	194	13	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	194	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	194	15	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	194	16	interventions	intervention	NOUN
easat-7861	194	17	must	must	AUX
easat-7861	194	18	be	be	AUX
easat-7861	194	19	tailored	tailor	VERB
easat-7861	194	20	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	194	21	local	local	ADJ
easat-7861	194	22	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-7861	194	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	195	1	high	high	ADJ
easat-7861	195	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	195	3	performing	perform	VERB
easat-7861	195	4	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	195	5	should	should	AUX
easat-7861	195	6	focus	focus	VERB
easat-7861	195	7	on	on	ADP
easat-7861	195	8	sustaining	sustain	VERB
easat-7861	195	9	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	195	10	through	through	ADP
easat-7861	195	11	innovation	innovation	NOUN
easat-7861	195	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	195	13	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-7861	195	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	195	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	195	16	market	market	NOUN
easat-7861	195	17	access	access	NOUN
easat-7861	195	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	196	1	urbanizing	urbanize	VERB
easat-7861	196	2	provinces	province	NOUN
easat-7861	196	3	need	need	VERB
easat-7861	196	4	integrated	integrated	ADJ
easat-7861	196	5	land	land	NOUN
easat-7861	196	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	196	7	use	use	NOUN
easat-7861	196	8	planning	planning	NOUN
easat-7861	196	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	196	10	support	support	NOUN
easat-7861	196	11	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	196	12	peri	peri	NOUN
easat-7861	196	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	196	14	urban	urban	ADJ
easat-7861	196	15	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	196	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	196	17	rural	rural	ADJ
easat-7861	196	18	livelihoods	livelihood	NOUN
easat-7861	196	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	197	1	meanwhile	meanwhile	ADV
easat-7861	197	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	197	3	mountainous	mountainous	ADJ
easat-7861	197	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	197	5	remote	remote	ADJ
easat-7861	197	6	areas	area	NOUN
easat-7861	197	7	require	require	VERB
easat-7861	197	8	targeted	targeted	ADJ
easat-7861	197	9	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-7861	197	10	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	197	11	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-7861	197	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	197	13	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	197	14	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-7861	197	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	197	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	197	17	extension	extension	NOUN
easat-7861	197	18	services	service	NOUN
easat-7861	197	19	to	to	PART
easat-7861	197	20	close	close	VERB
easat-7861	197	21	the	the	DET
easat-7861	197	22	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	197	23	gap	gap	NOUN
easat-7861	197	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	197	25	promote	promote	VERB
easat-7861	197	26	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
easat-7861	197	27	development	development	NOUN
easat-7861	197	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	198	1	transparency	transparency	NOUN
easat-7861	198	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	198	3	the	the	DET
easat-7861	198	4	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	198	5	confirm	confirm	VERB
easat-7861	198	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	198	7	the	the	DET
easat-7861	198	8	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
easat-7861	198	9	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	198	10	an	an	DET
easat-7861	198	11	honest	honest	ADJ
easat-7861	198	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	198	13	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-7861	198	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	198	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	198	16	transparent	transparent	ADJ
easat-7861	198	17	account	account	NOUN
easat-7861	198	18	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	198	19	the	the	DET
easat-7861	198	20	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	198	21	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	198	22	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	198	23	no	no	DET
easat-7861	198	24	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-7861	198	25	features	feature	NOUN
easat-7861	198	26	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	198	27	the	the	DET
easat-7861	198	28	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	198	29	have	have	AUX
easat-7861	198	30	been	be	AUX
easat-7861	198	31	omitted	omit	VERB
easat-7861	198	32	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	198	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	198	34	that	that	SCONJ
easat-7861	198	35	any	any	DET
easat-7861	198	36	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-7861	198	37	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	198	38	the	the	DET
easat-7861	198	39	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	198	40	as	as	SCONJ
easat-7861	198	41	planned	plan	VERB
easat-7861	198	42	have	have	AUX
easat-7861	198	43	been	be	AUX
easat-7861	198	44	explained	explain	VERB
easat-7861	198	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	199	1	this	this	DET
easat-7861	199	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-7861	199	3	followed	follow	VERB
easat-7861	199	4	all	all	DET
easat-7861	199	5	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-7861	199	6	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-7861	199	7	during	during	ADP
easat-7861	199	8	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-7861	199	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	200	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
easat-7861	200	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	200	3	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	200	4	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	200	5	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	200	6	the	the	DET
easat-7861	200	7	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	200	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	201	1	this	this	DET
easat-7861	201	2	open	open	ADJ
easat-7861	201	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	201	4	access	access	NOUN
easat-7861	201	5	article	article	NOUN
easat-7861	201	6	is	be	AUX
easat-7861	201	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-7861	201	8	under	under	ADP
easat-7861	201	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	201	10	terms	term	NOUN
easat-7861	201	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	201	12	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-7861	201	13	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	201	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	201	15	creative	creative	ADJ
easat-7861	201	16	commons	common	NOUN
easat-7861	201	17	attribution	attribution	NOUN
easat-7861	201	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	201	19	cc	cc	NOUN
easat-7861	201	20	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	201	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	201	22	license	license	NOUN
easat-7861	201	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	201	24	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-7861	201	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	201	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	202	1	references	reference	NOUN
easat-7861	202	2	[	[	X
easat-7861	202	3	1	1	X
easat-7861	202	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	202	5	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-7861	202	6	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-7861	202	7	son	son	PROPN
easat-7861	202	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	202	9	n.	n.	PROPN
easat-7861	202	10	n.	n.	PROPN
easat-7861	202	11	que	que	PROPN
easat-7861	202	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	202	13	p.	p.	PROPN
easat-7861	202	14	q.	q.	PROPN
easat-7861	202	15	dieu	dieu	PROPN
easat-7861	202	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	202	17	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	202	18	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	202	19	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	202	20	trang	trang	PROPN
easat-7861	202	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	202	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	202	23	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-7861	202	24	beresford	beresford	PROPN
easat-7861	202	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	202	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	202	27	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-7861	202	28	reform	reform	NOUN
easat-7861	202	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	202	30	the	the	DET
easat-7861	202	31	transformation	transformation	NOUN
easat-7861	202	32	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	202	33	vietnamese	vietnamese	ADJ
easat-7861	202	34	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	202	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	202	36	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	202	37	2006	2006	NUM
easat-7861	202	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	203	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	203	2	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	203	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	203	4	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-7861	203	5	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-7861	203	6	farrell	farrell	PROPN
easat-7861	203	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	203	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	203	9	the	the	DET
easat-7861	203	10	measurement	measurement	NOUN
easat-7861	203	11	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	203	12	productive	productive	ADJ
easat-7861	203	13	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	203	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	203	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	203	16	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-7861	203	17	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	203	18	the	the	DET
easat-7861	203	19	royal	royal	ADJ
easat-7861	203	20	statistical	statistical	ADJ
easat-7861	203	21	society	society	NOUN
easat-7861	203	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	203	23	series	series	PROPN
easat-7861	203	24	a	a	NOUN
easat-7861	203	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	203	26	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	203	27	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	204	1	120	120	NUM
easat-7861	204	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	204	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	204	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	204	5	3	3	NUM
easat-7861	204	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	204	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-7861	204	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	205	1	253	253	NUM
easat-7861	205	2	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	205	3	281	281	NUM
easat-7861	205	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	205	5	1957	1957	NUM
easat-7861	205	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	206	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	206	2	3	3	X
easat-7861	206	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	206	4	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-7861	206	5	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-7861	206	6	seiford	seiford	PROPN
easat-7861	206	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	206	8	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-7861	206	9	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-7861	206	10	thrall	thrall	PROPN
easat-7861	206	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	206	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	206	13	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-7861	206	14	developments	development	NOUN
easat-7861	206	15	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	206	16	dea	dea	PROPN
easat-7861	206	17	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	206	18	the	the	DET
easat-7861	206	19	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
easat-7861	206	20	programming	programming	NOUN
easat-7861	206	21	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-7861	206	22	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	206	23	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	206	24	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	206	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	206	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	206	27	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-7861	206	28	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	206	29	econometrics	econometric	NOUN
easat-7861	206	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	206	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	206	32	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	206	33	46	46	NUM
easat-7861	206	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	206	35	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	206	36	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	206	37	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	206	38	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	206	39	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	206	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	206	41	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-7861	206	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	207	1	7	7	NUM
easat-7861	207	2	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	207	3	38	38	NUM
easat-7861	207	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	207	5	1990	1990	NUM
easat-7861	207	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	208	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	208	2	4	4	X
easat-7861	208	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	208	4	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-7861	208	5	o.	o.	PROPN
easat-7861	208	6	fried	fried	PROPN
easat-7861	208	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	208	8	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-7861	208	9	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-7861	208	10	schmidt	schmidt	PROPN
easat-7861	208	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	208	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	208	13	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-7861	208	14	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-7861	208	15	lovell	lovell	PROPN
easat-7861	208	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	208	17	the	the	DET
easat-7861	208	18	measurement	measurement	NOUN
easat-7861	208	19	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	208	20	productive	productive	ADJ
easat-7861	208	21	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	208	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	208	23	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-7861	208	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	208	25	applications	application	NOUN
easat-7861	208	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	209	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
easat-7861	209	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	209	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
easat-7861	209	4	university	university	PROPN
easat-7861	209	5	press	press	NOUN
easat-7861	209	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	209	7	1993	1993	NUM
easat-7861	209	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	210	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	210	2	5	5	X
easat-7861	210	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	210	4	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	210	5	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-7861	210	6	coelli	coelli	PROPN
easat-7861	210	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	210	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	210	9	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-7861	210	10	developments	development	NOUN
easat-7861	210	11	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	210	12	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	210	13	modelling	modelling	NOUN
easat-7861	210	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	210	15	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	210	16	measurement	measurement	NOUN
easat-7861	210	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	210	18	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	210	19	australian	australian	ADJ
easat-7861	210	20	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-7861	210	21	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	210	22	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	210	23	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-7861	210	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	210	25	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	210	26	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	210	27	39	39	NUM
easat-7861	210	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	210	29	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	210	30	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	210	31	3	3	NUM
easat-7861	210	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	210	33	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-7861	210	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	211	1	219	219	NUM
easat-7861	211	2	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	211	3	245	245	NUM
easat-7861	211	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	211	5	1995	1995	NUM
easat-7861	211	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	212	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	212	2	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	212	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	212	4	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-7861	212	5	cooper	cooper	PROPN
easat-7861	212	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	212	7	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-7861	212	8	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-7861	212	9	park	park	PROPN
easat-7861	212	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	212	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	212	12	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-7861	212	13	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	212	14	p.	p.	PROPN
easat-7861	212	15	ciurana	ciurana	PROPN
easat-7861	212	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	212	17	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	212	18	marginal	marginal	ADJ
easat-7861	212	19	rates	rate	NOUN
easat-7861	212	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	212	21	elasticities	elasticity	NOUN
easat-7861	212	22	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	212	23	substitution	substitution	NOUN
easat-7861	212	24	with	with	ADP
easat-7861	212	25	additive	additive	ADJ
easat-7861	212	26	models	model	NOUN
easat-7861	212	27	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	212	28	dea	dea	NOUN
easat-7861	212	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	212	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	212	31	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-7861	212	32	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	212	33	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	212	34	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	212	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	212	36	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	212	37	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	212	38	13	13	NUM
easat-7861	212	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	212	40	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	212	41	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	212	42	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	212	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	212	44	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-7861	212	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	213	1	105	105	NUM
easat-7861	213	2	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	213	3	123	123	NUM
easat-7861	213	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	213	5	2000	2000	NUM
easat-7861	213	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	214	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	214	2	7	7	X
easat-7861	214	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	214	4	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-7861	214	5	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-7861	214	6	kumbhakar	kumbhakar	PROPN
easat-7861	214	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	214	8	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-7861	214	9	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-7861	214	10	lovell	lovell	PROPN
easat-7861	214	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	214	12	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
easat-7861	214	13	frontier	frontier	NOUN
easat-7861	214	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	214	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	215	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
easat-7861	215	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	215	3	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
easat-7861	215	4	university	university	PROPN
easat-7861	215	5	press	press	NOUN
easat-7861	215	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	215	7	2003	2003	NUM
easat-7861	215	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	216	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	216	2	8	8	NUM
easat-7861	216	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	216	4	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-7861	216	5	headey	headey	PROPN
easat-7861	216	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	216	7	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-7861	216	8	alauddin	alauddin	NOUN
easat-7861	216	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	216	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	216	11	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-7861	216	12	p.	p.	PROPN
easat-7861	216	13	rao	rao	PROPN
easat-7861	216	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	216	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	216	16	explaining	explain	VERB
easat-7861	216	17	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	216	18	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	216	19	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	216	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	216	21	an	an	DET
easat-7861	216	22	international	international	ADJ
easat-7861	216	23	perspective	perspective	NOUN
easat-7861	216	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	216	25	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	216	26	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	216	27	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-7861	216	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	216	29	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	216	30	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	216	31	41	41	NUM
easat-7861	216	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	216	33	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	216	34	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	216	35	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	216	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	216	37	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-7861	216	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	217	1	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	217	2	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	217	3	14	14	NUM
easat-7861	217	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	217	5	2010	2010	NUM
easat-7861	217	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	218	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	218	2	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	218	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	218	4	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	218	5	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-7861	218	6	coelli	coelli	PROPN
easat-7861	218	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	218	8	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-7861	218	9	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-7861	218	10	p.	p.	PROPN
easat-7861	218	11	rao	rao	PROPN
easat-7861	218	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	218	13	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-7861	218	14	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-7861	218	15	o'donnell	o'donnell	PROPN
easat-7861	218	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	218	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	218	18	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-7861	218	19	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-7861	218	20	battese	battese	PROPN
easat-7861	218	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	218	22	an	an	DET
easat-7861	218	23	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-7861	218	24	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	218	25	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	218	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	218	27	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	218	28	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	218	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	219	1	united	united	PROPN
easat-7861	219	2	states	states	PROPN
easat-7861	219	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	219	4	springer	springer	NOUN
easat-7861	219	5	science	science	PROPN
easat-7861	219	6	&	&	CCONJ
easat-7861	219	7	business	business	NOUN
easat-7861	219	8	media	medium	NOUN
easat-7861	219	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	219	10	2005	2005	NUM
easat-7861	219	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	220	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	220	2	10	10	NUM
easat-7861	220	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	220	4	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-7861	220	5	son	son	PROPN
easat-7861	220	6	nghiem	nghiem	PROPN
easat-7861	220	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	220	8	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	220	9	coelli	coelli	PROPN
easat-7861	220	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	220	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	220	12	the	the	DET
easat-7861	220	13	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-7861	220	14	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	220	15	incentive	incentive	NOUN
easat-7861	220	16	reforms	reform	NOUN
easat-7861	220	17	upon	upon	SCONJ
easat-7861	220	18	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	220	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	220	20	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-7861	220	21	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	220	22	the	the	DET
easat-7861	220	23	vietnamese	vietnamese	ADJ
easat-7861	220	24	rice	rice	NOUN
easat-7861	220	25	industry	industry	NOUN
easat-7861	220	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	220	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	220	28	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-7861	220	29	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	220	30	development	development	NOUN
easat-7861	220	31	studies	study	NOUN
easat-7861	220	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	220	33	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	220	34	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	220	35	39	39	NUM
easat-7861	220	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	220	37	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	220	38	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	220	39	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	220	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	220	41	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-7861	220	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	221	1	74	74	NUM
easat-7861	221	2	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	221	3	93	93	NUM
easat-7861	221	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	221	5	2002	2002	NUM
easat-7861	221	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	222	1	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-7861	222	2	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	222	3	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-7861	222	4	applied	apply	VERB
easat-7861	222	5	science	science	NOUN
easat-7861	222	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	222	7	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-7861	222	8	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-7861	222	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	222	10	2576	2576	NUM
easat-7861	222	11	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	222	12	8484	8484	NUM
easat-7861	222	13	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	222	14	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	223	1	9	9	NUM
easat-7861	223	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	223	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	223	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	224	1	6	6	NUM
easat-7861	224	2	:	:	SYM
easat-7861	224	3	626	626	NUM
easat-7861	224	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-7861	224	5	637	637	NUM
easat-7861	224	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	224	7	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	224	8	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-7861	224	9	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	224	10	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	10.55214/25768484.v9i6.7861	NUM
easat-7861	224	11	©	©	PROPN
easat-7861	224	12	2025	2025	NUM
easat-7861	224	13	by	by	ADP
easat-7861	224	14	the	the	DET
easat-7861	224	15	authors	author	NOUN
easat-7861	224	16	;	;	PUNCT
easat-7861	224	17	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-7861	224	18	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-7861	224	19	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-7861	225	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	225	2	11	11	NUM
easat-7861	225	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	225	4	n.	n.	PROPN
easat-7861	225	5	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-7861	225	6	minh	minh	PROPN
easat-7861	225	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	225	8	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-7861	225	9	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	225	10	long	long	ADV
easat-7861	225	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	225	12	measuring	measure	VERB
easat-7861	225	13	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	225	14	production	production	NOUN
easat-7861	225	15	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	225	16	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	225	17	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	225	18	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	225	19	an	an	DET
easat-7861	225	20	application	application	NOUN
easat-7861	225	21	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	225	22	data	datum	NOUN
easat-7861	225	23	envelopment	envelopment	ADJ
easat-7861	225	24	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	225	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	225	26	dea	dea	NOUN
easat-7861	225	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	225	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	226	1	hanoi	hanoi	PROPN
easat-7861	226	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	226	3	publishing	publish	VERB
easat-7861	226	4	house	house	NOUN
easat-7861	226	5	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	226	6	social	social	ADJ
easat-7861	226	7	labour	labour	NOUN
easat-7861	226	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	226	9	2008	2008	NUM
easat-7861	226	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	227	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	227	2	12	12	NUM
easat-7861	227	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	227	4	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-7861	227	5	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-7861	227	6	rios	rios	PROPN
easat-7861	227	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	227	8	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-7861	227	9	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-7861	227	10	shively	shively	PROPN
easat-7861	227	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	227	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	227	13	farm	farm	NOUN
easat-7861	227	14	size	size	NOUN
easat-7861	227	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	227	16	nonparametric	nonparametric	NOUN
easat-7861	227	17	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	227	18	measurements	measurement	NOUN
easat-7861	227	19	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	227	20	coffee	coffee	NOUN
easat-7861	227	21	farms	farm	NOUN
easat-7861	227	22	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	227	23	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	227	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	227	25	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	227	26	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	227	27	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-7861	227	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	227	29	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	227	30	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	228	1	33	33	NUM
easat-7861	228	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	228	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	228	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	228	5	3	3	NUM
easat-7861	228	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	228	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-7861	228	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	229	1	397–408	397–408	NUM
easat-7861	229	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	229	3	2005	2005	NUM
easat-7861	229	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	230	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	230	2	13	13	NUM
easat-7861	230	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-7861	230	4	v.	v.	PROPN
easat-7861	230	5	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-7861	230	6	linh	linh	PROPN
easat-7861	230	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	230	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	230	9	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	230	10	’s	’s	PART
easat-7861	230	11	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
easat-7861	230	12	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	230	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	230	14	a	a	DET
easat-7861	230	15	malmquist	malmquist	NOUN
easat-7861	230	16	index	index	NOUN
easat-7861	230	17	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-7861	230	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	230	19	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	230	20	presented	present	VERB
easat-7861	230	21	at	at	ADP
easat-7861	230	22	the	the	DET
easat-7861	230	23	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	230	24	development	development	PROPN
easat-7861	230	25	forum	forum	PROPN
easat-7861	230	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	230	27	working	working	NOUN
easat-7861	230	28	paper	paper	NOUN
easat-7861	230	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	230	30	citeseer	citeseer	NOUN
easat-7861	230	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	230	32	2009	2009	NUM
easat-7861	230	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	231	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	231	2	14	14	NUM
easat-7861	231	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	231	4	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-7861	231	5	dinh	dinh	PROPN
easat-7861	231	6	bao	bao	PROPN
easat-7861	231	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	231	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	231	9	provincial	provincial	ADJ
easat-7861	231	10	total	total	ADJ
easat-7861	231	11	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-7861	231	12	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	231	13	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	231	14	vietnamese	vietnamese	ADJ
easat-7861	231	15	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
easat-7861	231	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	231	17	its	its	PRON
easat-7861	231	18	determinants	determinant	NOUN
easat-7861	231	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	231	20	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	231	21	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-7861	231	22	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	231	23	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-7861	231	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	231	25	development	development	NOUN
easat-7861	231	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	231	27	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	231	28	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	232	1	16	16	NUM
easat-7861	232	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	232	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	232	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	232	5	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	232	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	232	7	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-7861	232	8	5	5	NUM
easat-7861	232	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	232	10	2014	2014	NUM
easat-7861	232	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	233	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	233	2	15	15	NUM
easat-7861	233	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	233	4	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	233	5	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-7861	233	6	giang	giang	PROPN
easat-7861	233	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	233	8	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-7861	233	9	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-7861	233	10	pfau	pfau	PROPN
easat-7861	233	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	233	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	233	13	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-7861	233	14	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-7861	233	15	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	233	16	an	an	PRON
easat-7861	233	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	233	18	poverty	poverty	NOUN
easat-7861	233	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	233	20	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN
easat-7861	233	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	233	22	inequality	inequality	NOUN
easat-7861	233	23	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	233	24	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
easat-7861	233	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	233	26	an	an	DET
easat-7861	233	27	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	233	28	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	233	29	trends	trend	NOUN
easat-7861	233	30	from	from	ADP
easat-7861	233	31	1990	1990	NUM
easat-7861	233	32	to	to	ADP
easat-7861	233	33	2006	2006	NUM
easat-7861	233	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	234	1	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	234	2	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-7861	234	3	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-7861	234	4	babajanian	babajanian	PROPN
easat-7861	234	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	234	6	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	234	7	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-7861	234	8	giang	giang	PROPN
easat-7861	234	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	234	10	&	&	CCONJ
easat-7861	234	11	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-7861	234	12	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-7861	234	13	cuong	cuong	PROPN
easat-7861	234	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	234	15	eds	ed	NOUN
easat-7861	234	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	234	17	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	234	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	234	19	social	social	ADJ
easat-7861	234	20	protection	protection	NOUN
easat-7861	234	21	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	234	22	developing	develop	VERB
easat-7861	234	23	countries	country	NOUN
easat-7861	234	24	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	234	25	reforming	reform	VERB
easat-7861	234	26	systems	system	NOUN
easat-7861	234	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	235	1	usa	usa	PROPN
easat-7861	235	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	235	3	routledge	routledge	PROPN
easat-7861	235	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	235	5	2019	2019	NUM
easat-7861	235	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	236	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	236	2	16	16	NUM
easat-7861	236	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	236	4	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-7861	236	5	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-7861	236	6	sun	sun	PROPN
easat-7861	236	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	236	8	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-7861	236	9	kalirajan	kalirajan	PROPN
easat-7861	236	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	236	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	236	12	gauging	gauge	VERB
easat-7861	236	13	the	the	DET
easat-7861	236	14	sources	source	NOUN
easat-7861	236	15	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	236	16	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	236	17	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	236	18	high‐tech	high‐tech	NOUN
easat-7861	236	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	236	20	low‐tech	low‐tech	ADJ
easat-7861	236	21	industries	industry	NOUN
easat-7861	236	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	236	23	the	the	DET
easat-7861	236	24	case	case	NOUN
easat-7861	236	25	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	236	26	korean	korean	ADJ
easat-7861	236	27	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
easat-7861	236	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	236	29	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	236	30	australian	australian	ADJ
easat-7861	236	31	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-7861	236	32	papers	paper	NOUN
easat-7861	236	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	236	34	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	236	35	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	236	36	44	44	NUM
easat-7861	236	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	236	38	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	236	39	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	236	40	2	2	NUM
easat-7861	236	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	236	42	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-7861	236	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	237	1	170	170	NUM
easat-7861	237	2	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	237	3	185	185	NUM
easat-7861	237	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	237	5	2005	2005	NUM
easat-7861	237	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	238	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	238	2	17	17	NUM
easat-7861	238	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	238	4	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-7861	238	5	färe	färe	PROPN
easat-7861	238	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	238	7	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-7861	238	8	grosskopf	grosskopf	PROPN
easat-7861	238	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	238	10	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-7861	238	11	norris	norris	PROPN
easat-7861	238	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	238	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	238	14	z.	z.	PROPN
easat-7861	238	15	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-7861	238	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	238	17	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	238	18	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	238	19	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-7861	238	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	238	21	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-7861	238	22	progress	progress	NOUN
easat-7861	238	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	238	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-7861	238	25	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	238	26	change	change	NOUN
easat-7861	238	27	in	in	ADP
easat-7861	238	28	industrialized	industrialized	ADJ
easat-7861	238	29	countries	country	NOUN
easat-7861	238	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	238	31	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	238	32	the	the	DET
easat-7861	238	33	american	american	PROPN
easat-7861	238	34	economic	economic	PROPN
easat-7861	238	35	review	review	PROPN
easat-7861	238	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	238	37	pp	pp	ADV
easat-7861	238	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	239	1	66	66	NUM
easat-7861	239	2	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	239	3	83	83	NUM
easat-7861	239	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	239	5	1994	1994	NUM
easat-7861	239	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	1	[	[	X
easat-7861	240	2	18	18	NUM
easat-7861	240	3	]	]	X
easat-7861	240	4	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-7861	240	5	coelli	coelli	PROPN
easat-7861	240	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	8	a	a	DET
easat-7861	240	9	guide	guide	NOUN
easat-7861	240	10	to	to	PART
easat-7861	240	11	deap	deap	VERB
easat-7861	240	12	version	version	NOUN
easat-7861	240	13	2.1	2.1	NUM
easat-7861	240	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	15	a	a	DET
easat-7861	240	16	data	datum	NOUN
easat-7861	240	17	envelopment	envelopment	ADJ
easat-7861	240	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	240	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	20	computer	computer	NOUN
easat-7861	240	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	22	program	program	NOUN
easat-7861	240	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	24	"	"	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	25	centre	centre	NOUN
easat-7861	240	26	for	for	ADP
easat-7861	240	27	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-7861	240	28	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-7861	240	29	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-7861	240	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	31	university	university	NOUN
easat-7861	240	32	of	of	ADP
easat-7861	240	33	new	new	PROPN
easat-7861	240	34	england	england	PROPN
easat-7861	240	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	36	australia	australia	PROPN
easat-7861	240	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	38	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-7861	240	39	.	.	PROPN
easat-7861	240	40	96	96	NUM
easat-7861	240	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	42	no	no	INTJ
easat-7861	240	43	.	.	NOUN
easat-7861	240	44	08	08	NUM
easat-7861	240	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	240	46	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-7861	240	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-7861	241	1	1	1	NUM
easat-7861	241	2	-	-	SYM
easat-7861	241	3	49	49	NUM
easat-7861	241	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-7861	241	5	1996	1996	NUM
easat-7861	241	6	.	.	PUNCT