id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
easat-8672	1	1	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	1	2	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	1	3	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	1	5	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	1	6	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	1	8	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	1	9	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	1	10	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	1	12	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	2	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	2	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	2	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	2	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	2	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	2	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	2	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	2	10	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	2	11	publisher	publisher	NOUN
easat-8672	2	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	2	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	2	14	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	2	15	doi	doi	PROPN
easat-8672	2	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	2	17	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	2	18	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	2	19	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	2	20	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	2	21	the	the	DET
easat-8672	2	22	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	2	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	2	24	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	2	25	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	2	26	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	3	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	3	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	3	3	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	3	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	3	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	3	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	3	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	3	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	3	10	history	history	NOUN
easat-8672	3	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	12	received	receive	VERB
easat-8672	3	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	14	2	2	NUM
easat-8672	3	15	may	may	PROPN
easat-8672	3	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	3	17	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	18	revised	revise	VERB
easat-8672	3	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	20	12	12	NUM
easat-8672	3	21	june	june	PROPN
easat-8672	3	22	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	3	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	24	accepted	accept	VERB
easat-8672	3	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	26	16	16	NUM
easat-8672	3	27	june	june	PROPN
easat-8672	3	28	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	3	29	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	30	published	publish	VERB
easat-8672	3	31	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	32	8	8	NUM
easat-8672	3	33	july	july	PROPN
easat-8672	3	34	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	3	35	*	*	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	36	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
easat-8672	3	37	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	38	6025231063@student.its.ac.id	6025231063@student.its.ac.id	NUM
easat-8672	3	39	development	development	NOUN
easat-8672	3	40	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	3	41	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	3	42	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	3	43	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	3	44	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	3	45	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	3	46	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	3	47	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	3	48	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	3	49	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	3	50	to	to	PART
easat-8672	3	51	detect	detect	VERB
easat-8672	3	52	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	3	53	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	3	54	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	55	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	3	56	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	3	57	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	58	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	3	59	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	3	60	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	3	61	joko	joko	PROPN
easat-8672	3	62	slamet1	slamet1	PROPN
easat-8672	3	63	*	*	PROPN
easat-8672	3	64	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	3	65	siti	siti	PROPN
easat-8672	3	66	rochimah2	rochimah2	NOUN
easat-8672	4	1	1.2institut	1.2institut	NUM
easat-8672	4	2	teknologi	teknologi	PROPN
easat-8672	4	3	sepuluh	sepuluh	NOUN
easat-8672	4	4	nopember	nopember	PROPN
easat-8672	4	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	4	6	surabaya	surabaya	PROPN
easat-8672	4	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	4	8	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
easat-8672	4	9	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	4	10	6025231063@student.its.ac.id	6025231063@student.its.ac.id	NUM
easat-8672	4	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	4	12	j.s	j.s	PROPN
easat-8672	4	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	4	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	4	15	siti@its.ac.id	siti@its.ac.id	PROPN
easat-8672	4	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	4	17	s.r	s.r	PROPN
easat-8672	4	18	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	4	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	4	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	5	1	abstract	abstract	ADV
easat-8672	5	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	5	3	this	this	DET
easat-8672	5	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	5	5	aims	aim	VERB
easat-8672	5	6	to	to	PART
easat-8672	5	7	develop	develop	VERB
easat-8672	5	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	5	9	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-8672	5	10	a	a	DET
easat-8672	5	11	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-8672	5	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	5	13	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	5	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	5	15	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	5	16	automatically	automatically	ADV
easat-8672	5	17	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	5	18	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	5	19	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	5	20	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	5	21	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	5	22	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	5	23	leveraging	leverage	VERB
easat-8672	5	24	the	the	DET
easat-8672	5	25	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	5	26	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	5	27	derived	derive	VERB
easat-8672	5	28	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	5	29	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-8672	5	30	syntax	syntax	NOUN
easat-8672	5	31	trees	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	5	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	5	33	asts	ast	NOUN
easat-8672	5	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	5	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	6	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	6	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	6	3	employed	employ	VERB
easat-8672	6	4	a	a	DET
easat-8672	6	5	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
easat-8672	6	6	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	6	7	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	6	8	training	train	VERB
easat-8672	6	9	a	a	DET
easat-8672	6	10	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	6	11	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	6	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	6	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	6	14	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	6	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	6	16	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	6	17	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	6	18	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	6	19	represented	represent	VERB
easat-8672	6	20	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	6	21	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-8672	6	22	syntax	syntax	NOUN
easat-8672	6	23	trees	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	6	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	6	25	asts	ast	NOUN
easat-8672	6	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	6	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	7	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	7	2	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-8672	7	3	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	7	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	7	5	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	7	6	high	high	ADJ
easat-8672	7	7	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-8672	7	8	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	7	9	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	7	10	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-8672	7	11	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	7	12	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	7	13	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	7	14	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	7	15	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	7	16	a	a	DET
easat-8672	7	17	processed	process	VERB
easat-8672	7	18	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	7	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	7	20	achieving	achieve	VERB
easat-8672	7	21	96.3	96.3	NUM
easat-8672	7	22	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	7	23	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	7	24	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	7	25	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	7	26	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	7	27	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	7	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	7	29	95.2	95.2	NUM
easat-8672	7	30	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	7	31	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	7	32	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	7	33	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	7	34	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	7	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	8	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-8672	8	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	8	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	8	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	8	5	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-8672	8	6	identified	identify	VERB
easat-8672	8	7	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	8	8	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	8	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	8	10	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	8	11	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	8	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	8	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	8	14	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	8	15	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	8	16	when	when	SCONJ
easat-8672	8	17	tested	test	VERB
easat-8672	8	18	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	8	19	real	real	ADJ
easat-8672	8	20	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	8	21	world	world	NOUN
easat-8672	8	22	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	8	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	9	1	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	9	2	the	the	DET
easat-8672	9	3	erpnext	erpnext	PROPN
easat-8672	9	4	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	9	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	9	6	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	9	7	reached	reach	VERB
easat-8672	9	8	95.95	95.95	NUM
easat-8672	9	9	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	9	10	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	9	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	9	12	99.84	99.84	NUM
easat-8672	9	13	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	9	14	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-8672	9	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	9	16	95.95	95.95	NUM
easat-8672	9	17	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	9	18	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-8672	9	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	9	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	9	21	97.78	97.78	NUM
easat-8672	9	22	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	9	23	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-8672	9	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	9	25	score	score	NOUN
easat-8672	9	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	10	1	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	10	2	the	the	DET
easat-8672	10	3	odoo	odoo	NOUN
easat-8672	10	4	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	10	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	10	6	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	10	7	attained	attain	VERB
easat-8672	10	8	93.29	93.29	NUM
easat-8672	10	9	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	10	10	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	10	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	10	12	99.74	99.74	NUM
easat-8672	10	13	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	10	14	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-8672	10	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	10	16	93.29	93.29	NUM
easat-8672	10	17	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	10	18	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-8672	10	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	10	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	10	21	96.29	96.29	NUM
easat-8672	10	22	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	10	23	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-8672	10	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	10	25	score	score	NOUN
easat-8672	10	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	11	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	11	3	show	show	VERB
easat-8672	11	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	11	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	11	6	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-8672	11	7	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	11	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	11	9	outperformed	outperform	VERB
easat-8672	11	10	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	11	11	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	11	12	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	11	13	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-8672	11	14	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	11	15	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	11	16	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	11	17	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	11	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	19	random	random	ADJ
easat-8672	11	20	forest	forest	NOUN
easat-8672	11	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	22	support	support	NOUN
easat-8672	11	23	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-8672	11	24	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	11	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	26	svm	svm	PROPN
easat-8672	11	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	29	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
easat-8672	11	30	gradient	gradient	ADJ
easat-8672	11	31	descent	descent	NOUN
easat-8672	11	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	33	sgd	sgd	PROPN
easat-8672	11	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	36	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-8672	11	37	-	-	ADJ
easat-8672	11	38	layer	layer	ADJ
easat-8672	11	39	perceptron	perceptron	NOUN
easat-8672	11	40	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	41	mlp	mlp	PROPN
easat-8672	11	42	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	11	44	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	11	45	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-8672	11	46	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-8672	11	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	12	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	12	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	12	3	confirm	confirm	VERB
easat-8672	12	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	12	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	12	6	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-8672	12	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	12	8	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	12	9	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	12	10	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-8672	12	11	detects	detect	VERB
easat-8672	12	12	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	12	13	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	12	14	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	12	15	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	12	16	programs	program	NOUN
easat-8672	12	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	12	18	surpassing	surpass	VERB
easat-8672	12	19	classical	classical	ADJ
easat-8672	12	20	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	12	21	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	12	22	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	12	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	13	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	13	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	13	3	provides	provide	VERB
easat-8672	13	4	a	a	DET
easat-8672	13	5	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-8672	13	6	tool	tool	NOUN
easat-8672	13	7	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	13	8	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-8672	13	9	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	13	10	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-8672	13	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	13	12	maintainability	maintainability	NOUN
easat-8672	13	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	14	1	future	future	ADJ
easat-8672	14	2	work	work	NOUN
easat-8672	14	3	could	could	AUX
easat-8672	14	4	explore	explore	VERB
easat-8672	14	5	real	real	ADJ
easat-8672	14	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	14	7	time	time	NOUN
easat-8672	14	8	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-8672	14	9	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	14	10	this	this	DET
easat-8672	14	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	14	12	into	into	ADP
easat-8672	14	13	development	development	NOUN
easat-8672	14	14	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-8672	14	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	14	16	expand	expand	VERB
easat-8672	14	17	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	14	18	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	14	19	other	other	ADJ
easat-8672	14	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	14	21	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	14	22	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	14	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	15	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
easat-8672	15	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	15	3	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	15	4	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	15	5	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	15	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	15	7	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	15	8	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	15	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	15	10	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	15	11	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	15	12	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	15	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	15	14	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	15	15	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	15	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	15	17	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	15	18	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	15	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	15	20	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	15	21	programming	programming	NOUN
easat-8672	15	22	language	language	NOUN
easat-8672	15	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	16	1	1	1	X
easat-8672	16	2	.	.	X
easat-8672	16	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-8672	16	4	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	16	5	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-8672	16	6	years	year	NOUN
easat-8672	16	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	16	8	maintaining	maintain	VERB
easat-8672	16	9	high	high	ADJ
easat-8672	16	10	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	16	11	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-8672	16	12	has	have	AUX
easat-8672	16	13	become	become	VERB
easat-8672	16	14	a	a	DET
easat-8672	16	15	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-8672	16	16	concern	concern	NOUN
easat-8672	16	17	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	16	18	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	16	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	16	20	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-8672	16	21	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	16	22	development	development	NOUN
easat-8672	16	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	17	1	one	one	NUM
easat-8672	17	2	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	17	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	17	4	most	most	ADV
easat-8672	17	5	persistent	persistent	ADJ
easat-8672	17	6	threats	threat	NOUN
easat-8672	17	7	to	to	PART
easat-8672	17	8	code	code	VERB
easat-8672	17	9	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-8672	17	10	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	17	11	the	the	DET
easat-8672	17	12	presence	presence	NOUN
easat-8672	17	13	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	17	14	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	17	15	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	17	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	17	17	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	17	18	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	17	19	symptoms	symptom	NOUN
easat-8672	17	20	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	17	21	the	the	DET
easat-8672	17	22	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	17	23	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	17	24	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	17	25	may	may	AUX
easat-8672	17	26	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-8672	17	27	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-8672	17	28	design	design	NOUN
easat-8672	17	29	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	17	30	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	17	31	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-8672	17	32	[	[	X
easat-8672	17	33	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	17	34	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	17	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	18	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	18	2	not	not	PART
easat-8672	18	3	directly	directly	ADV
easat-8672	18	4	causing	cause	VERB
easat-8672	18	5	program	program	NOUN
easat-8672	18	6	failure	failure	NOUN
easat-8672	18	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	18	8	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	18	9	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	18	10	tend	tend	VERB
easat-8672	18	11	to	to	PART
easat-8672	18	12	degrade	degrade	VERB
easat-8672	18	13	maintainability	maintainability	NOUN
easat-8672	18	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	18	15	increase	increase	VERB
easat-8672	18	16	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-8672	18	17	debt	debt	NOUN
easat-8672	18	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	18	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	18	20	introduce	introduce	VERB
easat-8672	18	21	potential	potential	ADJ
easat-8672	18	22	bugs	bug	NOUN
easat-8672	18	23	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	18	24	the	the	DET
easat-8672	18	25	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	18	26	term	term	NOUN
easat-8672	18	27	[	[	X
easat-8672	18	28	2	2	NUM
easat-8672	18	29	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	18	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	19	1	among	among	ADP
easat-8672	19	2	the	the	DET
easat-8672	19	3	various	various	ADJ
easat-8672	19	4	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	19	5	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	19	6	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	19	7	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	19	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	19	9	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	19	10	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	19	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	19	12	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	19	13	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	19	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	19	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	19	16	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	19	17	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	19	18	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	19	19	considered	consider	VERB
easat-8672	19	20	the	the	DET
easat-8672	19	21	most	most	ADV
easat-8672	19	22	impactful	impactful	ADJ
easat-8672	19	23	due	due	ADP
easat-8672	19	24	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	19	25	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	19	26	high	high	ADJ
easat-8672	19	27	frequency	frequency	NOUN
easat-8672	19	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	19	29	detrimental	detrimental	ADJ
easat-8672	19	30	influence	influence	NOUN
easat-8672	19	31	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	19	32	readability	readability	NOUN
easat-8672	19	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	19	34	testing	testing	NOUN
easat-8672	19	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	19	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	19	37	modularity	modularity	NOUN
easat-8672	19	38	[	[	X
easat-8672	19	39	3	3	NUM
easat-8672	19	40	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	19	41	5	5	NUM
easat-8672	19	42	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	19	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	20	1	code	code	PROPN
easat-8672	20	2	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	20	3	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	20	4	has	have	AUX
easat-8672	20	5	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
easat-8672	20	6	relied	rely	VERB
easat-8672	20	7	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	20	8	manual	manual	ADJ
easat-8672	20	9	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	20	10	review	review	NOUN
easat-8672	20	11	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	20	12	rule	rule	NOUN
easat-8672	20	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	20	14	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	20	15	static	static	ADJ
easat-8672	20	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	20	17	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-8672	20	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	20	19	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	20	20	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	20	21	limited	limit	VERB
easat-8672	20	22	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	20	23	scalability	scalability	NOUN
easat-8672	20	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	20	25	often	often	ADV
easat-8672	20	26	subjective	subjective	ADJ
easat-8672	20	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	21	1	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	21	2	response	response	NOUN
easat-8672	21	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	21	4	many	many	ADJ
easat-8672	21	5	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-8672	21	6	studies	study	NOUN
easat-8672	21	7	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	21	8	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	21	9	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	21	10	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	21	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	21	12	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-8672	21	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	21	14	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	21	15	to	to	PART
easat-8672	21	16	automate	automate	VERB
easat-8672	21	17	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	21	18	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	21	19	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	21	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	21	21	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	21	22	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
easat-8672	21	23	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	21	24	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	21	25	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	21	26	trees	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	21	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	21	28	random	random	ADJ
easat-8672	21	29	forests	forest	NOUN
easat-8672	21	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	21	31	support	support	NOUN
easat-8672	21	32	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-8672	21	33	machines	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	21	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	21	35	svm	svm	PROPN
easat-8672	21	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	21	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	21	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	21	39	multilayer	multilayer	PROPN
easat-8672	21	40	perceptron	perceptron	PROPN
easat-8672	21	41	trained	train	VERB
easat-8672	21	42	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	21	43	handengineered	handengineere	VERB
easat-8672	21	44	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	21	45	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	21	46	[	[	X
easat-8672	21	47	6	6	NUM
easat-8672	21	48	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	21	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	22	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	22	2	these	these	DET
easat-8672	22	3	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	22	4	offer	offer	VERB
easat-8672	22	5	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-8672	22	6	over	over	ADP
easat-8672	22	7	rule	rule	NOUN
easat-8672	22	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	22	9	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	22	10	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-8672	22	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	22	12	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	22	13	dependence	dependence	NOUN
easat-8672	22	14	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	22	15	manually	manually	ADV
easat-8672	22	16	extracted	extract	VERB
easat-8672	22	17	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	22	18	introduces	introduce	NOUN
easat-8672	22	19	bias	bias	NOUN
easat-8672	22	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	22	21	limits	limit	VERB
easat-8672	22	22	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-8672	22	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	22	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	22	25	poses	pose	VERB
easat-8672	22	26	scalability	scalability	NOUN
easat-8672	22	27	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-8672	22	28	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	22	29	real	real	ADJ
easat-8672	22	30	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	22	31	world	world	NOUN
easat-8672	22	32	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-8672	22	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	23	1	to	to	PART
easat-8672	23	2	address	address	VERB
easat-8672	23	3	these	these	DET
easat-8672	23	4	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-8672	23	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	23	6	the	the	DET
easat-8672	23	7	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	23	8	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-8672	23	9	community	community	NOUN
easat-8672	23	10	has	have	AUX
easat-8672	23	11	shifted	shift	VERB
easat-8672	23	12	toward	toward	ADP
easat-8672	23	13	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-8672	23	14	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	23	15	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	23	16	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	23	17	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
easat-8672	23	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	23	19	need	need	NOUN
easat-8672	23	20	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	23	21	manual	manual	ADJ
easat-8672	23	22	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	23	23	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-8672	23	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	24	1	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	24	2	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	24	3	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	24	4	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-8672	24	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	24	6	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	24	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	24	8	cnns	cnns	PROPN
easat-8672	24	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	24	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	24	11	recurrent	recurrent	ADJ
easat-8672	24	12	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	24	13	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	24	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	24	15	rnns	rnns	PROPN
easat-8672	24	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	24	17	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	24	18	shown	show	VERB
easat-8672	24	19	promising	promising	ADJ
easat-8672	24	20	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	24	21	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	24	22	https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4316-1460	https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4316-1460	ADJ
easat-8672	24	23	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5603-749x	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5603-749x	PROPN
easat-8672	24	24	567	567	NUM
easat-8672	24	25	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	24	26	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	24	27	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	24	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	24	29	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	24	30	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	24	31	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	24	32	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	24	33	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	24	34	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	24	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	24	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	25	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	25	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	25	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	25	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	25	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	25	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	25	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	25	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	25	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	25	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	25	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	25	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	25	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	25	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	25	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	25	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	25	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	25	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	25	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	25	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	25	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	25	22	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	25	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	25	24	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	25	25	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	25	26	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	25	27	directly	directly	ADV
easat-8672	25	28	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	25	29	raw	raw	ADJ
easat-8672	25	30	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	25	31	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	25	32	[	[	X
easat-8672	25	33	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	25	34	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	25	35	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	25	36	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	25	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	26	1	however	however	ADV
easat-8672	26	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	26	3	these	these	DET
easat-8672	26	4	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	26	5	often	often	ADV
easat-8672	26	6	fail	fail	VERB
easat-8672	26	7	to	to	PART
easat-8672	26	8	fully	fully	ADV
easat-8672	26	9	capture	capture	VERB
easat-8672	26	10	the	the	DET
easat-8672	26	11	rich	rich	ADJ
easat-8672	26	12	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	26	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	26	14	semantic	semantic	ADJ
easat-8672	26	15	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-8672	26	16	inherent	inherent	ADJ
easat-8672	26	17	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	26	18	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	26	19	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	26	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	26	21	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	26	22	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	26	23	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-8672	26	24	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	26	25	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	26	26	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-8672	26	27	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	26	28	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	26	29	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	26	30	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	26	31	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	26	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	26	33	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	26	34	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	26	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	27	1	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-8672	27	2	developments	development	NOUN
easat-8672	27	3	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	27	4	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	27	5	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	27	6	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	27	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	27	8	gnns	gnns	ADJ
easat-8672	27	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	27	10	offer	offer	VERB
easat-8672	27	11	a	a	DET
easat-8672	27	12	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	27	13	expressive	expressive	ADJ
easat-8672	27	14	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-8672	27	15	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	27	16	modeling	model	VERB
easat-8672	27	17	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	27	18	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-8672	27	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	27	20	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-8672	27	21	when	when	SCONJ
easat-8672	27	22	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	27	23	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	27	24	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	27	25	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	27	26	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	27	27	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-8672	27	28	syntax	syntax	NOUN
easat-8672	27	29	trees	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	27	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	27	31	asts	ast	NOUN
easat-8672	27	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	27	33	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	27	34	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	27	35	call	call	NOUN
easat-8672	27	36	graphs	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	27	37	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	27	38	fcgs	fcgs	PROPN
easat-8672	27	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	27	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	28	1	gnns	gnns	PROPN
easat-8672	28	2	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	28	3	learn	learn	VERB
easat-8672	28	4	contextual	contextual	ADJ
easat-8672	28	5	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-8672	28	6	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	28	7	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	28	8	elements	element	NOUN
easat-8672	28	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	28	10	making	make	VERB
easat-8672	28	11	them	they	PRON
easat-8672	28	12	well	well	ADV
easat-8672	28	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	28	14	suited	suited	ADJ
easat-8672	28	15	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	28	16	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	28	17	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	28	18	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	28	19	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-8672	28	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	28	21	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	28	22	[	[	X
easat-8672	28	23	10	10	NUM
easat-8672	28	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	28	25	11	11	NUM
easat-8672	28	26	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	28	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	29	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-8672	29	2	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	29	3	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-8672	29	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	29	5	few	few	ADJ
easat-8672	29	6	studies	study	NOUN
easat-8672	29	7	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	29	8	explored	explore	VERB
easat-8672	29	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	29	10	use	use	NOUN
easat-8672	29	11	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	29	12	gnns	gnns	NOUN
easat-8672	29	13	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	29	14	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	29	15	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	29	16	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	29	17	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	29	18	python	python	PROPN
easat-8672	29	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	29	20	a	a	DET
easat-8672	29	21	language	language	NOUN
easat-8672	29	22	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
easat-8672	29	23	used	use	VERB
easat-8672	29	24	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	29	25	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-8672	29	26	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	29	27	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	29	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	30	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	30	2	majority	majority	NOUN
easat-8672	30	3	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	30	4	existing	exist	VERB
easat-8672	30	5	works	work	NOUN
easat-8672	30	6	still	still	ADV
easat-8672	30	7	focus	focus	VERB
easat-8672	30	8	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	30	9	java	java	NOUN
easat-8672	30	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	30	11	use	use	VERB
easat-8672	30	12	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-8672	30	13	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-8672	30	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	30	15	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	30	16	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	30	17	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	30	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	31	1	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	31	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-8672	31	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	31	4	sandouka	sandouka	VERB
easat-8672	31	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	31	6	aljamaan	aljamaan	VERB
easat-8672	32	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	32	2	6	6	NUM
easat-8672	32	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	32	4	created	create	VERB
easat-8672	32	5	a	a	DET
easat-8672	32	6	labeled	label	VERB
easat-8672	32	7	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	32	8	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	32	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	32	10	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
easat-8672	32	11	various	various	ADJ
easat-8672	32	12	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	32	13	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-8672	32	14	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	32	15	to	to	PART
easat-8672	32	16	detect	detect	VERB
easat-8672	32	17	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	32	18	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	32	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	32	20	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	32	21	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	32	22	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	32	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	32	24	but	but	CCONJ
easat-8672	32	25	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	32	26	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	32	27	relied	rely	VERB
easat-8672	32	28	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	32	29	static	static	ADJ
easat-8672	32	30	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	32	31	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	32	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	32	33	lacked	lack	VERB
easat-8672	32	34	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	32	35	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	32	36	capability	capability	NOUN
easat-8672	32	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	33	1	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	33	2	addition	addition	NOUN
easat-8672	33	3	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	33	4	this	this	DET
easat-8672	33	5	benchmark	benchmark	ADJ
easat-8672	33	6	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	33	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	33	8	we	we	PRON
easat-8672	33	9	also	also	ADV
easat-8672	33	10	perform	perform	VERB
easat-8672	33	11	experiments	experiment	NOUN
easat-8672	33	12	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	33	13	real	real	ADJ
easat-8672	33	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	33	15	world	world	NOUN
easat-8672	33	16	codebases	codebase	NOUN
easat-8672	33	17	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	33	18	erpnext	erpnext	NOUN
easat-8672	33	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	33	20	odoo	odoo	VERB
easat-8672	33	21	two	two	NUM
easat-8672	33	22	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	33	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	33	24	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-8672	33	25	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	33	26	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	33	27	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	33	28	open	open	ADJ
easat-8672	33	29	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	33	30	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	33	31	enterprise	enterprise	NOUN
easat-8672	33	32	resource	resource	NOUN
easat-8672	33	33	planning	planning	NOUN
easat-8672	33	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	33	35	erp	erp	NOUN
easat-8672	33	36	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	33	37	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	33	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	34	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	34	2	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-8672	34	3	experiments	experiment	NOUN
easat-8672	34	4	aim	aim	VERB
easat-8672	34	5	to	to	PART
easat-8672	34	6	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
easat-8672	34	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	34	8	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-8672	34	9	capability	capability	NOUN
easat-8672	34	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	34	11	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-8672	34	12	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	34	13	the	the	DET
easat-8672	34	14	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-8672	34	15	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	34	16	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	34	17	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	34	18	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-8672	34	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	34	20	industry	industry	NOUN
easat-8672	34	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	34	22	level	level	NOUN
easat-8672	34	23	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
easat-8672	34	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	35	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	35	2	key	key	ADJ
easat-8672	35	3	contribution	contribution	NOUN
easat-8672	35	4	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	35	5	this	this	DET
easat-8672	35	6	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	35	7	lies	lie	VERB
easat-8672	35	8	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	35	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	35	10	novel	novel	ADJ
easat-8672	35	11	application	application	NOUN
easat-8672	35	12	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	35	13	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	35	14	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	35	15	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	35	16	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	35	17	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	35	18	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	35	19	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	35	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	35	21	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	35	22	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	35	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	35	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	35	25	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	35	26	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	35	27	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	35	28	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	35	29	python	python	PROPN
easat-8672	35	30	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	35	31	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	35	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	36	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
easat-8672	36	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	36	3	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-8672	36	4	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	36	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	36	6	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	36	7	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	36	8	utilizes	utilize	VERB
easat-8672	36	9	ast	ast	NOUN
easat-8672	36	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	36	11	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	36	12	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	36	13	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	36	14	to	to	AUX
easat-8672	36	15	better	well	ADV
easat-8672	36	16	capture	capture	VERB
easat-8672	36	17	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	36	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	36	19	contextual	contextual	ADJ
easat-8672	36	20	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-8672	36	21	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	36	22	the	the	DET
easat-8672	36	23	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	36	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	37	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-8672	37	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	37	3	we	we	PRON
easat-8672	37	4	provide	provide	VERB
easat-8672	37	5	a	a	DET
easat-8672	37	6	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-8672	37	7	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-8672	37	8	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-8672	37	9	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	37	10	comparing	compare	VERB
easat-8672	37	11	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	37	12	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-8672	37	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	37	14	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	37	15	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	37	16	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	37	17	previous	previous	ADJ
easat-8672	37	18	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	37	19	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	37	20	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	37	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	38	1	this	this	PRON
easat-8672	38	2	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	38	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	38	4	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-8672	38	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	38	6	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
easat-8672	38	7	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	38	8	the	the	DET
easat-8672	38	9	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-8672	38	10	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	38	11	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	38	12	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-8672	38	13	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	38	14	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-8672	38	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	39	1	2	2	X
easat-8672	39	2	.	.	X
easat-8672	39	3	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-8672	39	4	review	review	VERB
easat-8672	39	5	several	several	ADJ
easat-8672	39	6	studies	study	NOUN
easat-8672	39	7	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	39	8	investigated	investigate	VERB
easat-8672	39	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	39	10	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-8672	39	11	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	39	12	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	39	13	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	39	14	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	39	15	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	39	16	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	39	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	39	18	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-8672	39	19	focusing	focus	VERB
easat-8672	39	20	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	39	21	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	39	22	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-8672	39	23	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	39	24	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	39	25	maintainability	maintainability	NOUN
easat-8672	39	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	39	27	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-8672	39	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	39	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	39	30	error	error	NOUN
easat-8672	39	31	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	39	32	proneness	proneness	NOUN
easat-8672	39	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	40	1	a	a	DET
easat-8672	40	2	growing	grow	VERB
easat-8672	40	3	body	body	NOUN
easat-8672	40	4	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	40	5	research	research	NOUN
easat-8672	40	6	has	have	AUX
easat-8672	40	7	explored	explore	VERB
easat-8672	40	8	both	both	DET
easat-8672	40	9	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	40	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	40	11	modern	modern	ADJ
easat-8672	40	12	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	40	13	to	to	PART
easat-8672	40	14	automatically	automatically	ADV
easat-8672	40	15	detect	detect	VERB
easat-8672	40	16	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	40	17	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	40	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	40	19	especially	especially	ADV
easat-8672	40	20	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	40	21	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	40	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	40	23	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	40	24	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	40	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	40	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	40	27	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	40	28	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	40	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	40	30	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	40	31	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	40	32	among	among	ADP
easat-8672	40	33	the	the	DET
easat-8672	40	34	most	most	ADV
easat-8672	40	35	frequently	frequently	ADV
easat-8672	40	36	encountered	encounter	VERB
easat-8672	40	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	40	38	studied	study	VERB
easat-8672	40	39	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	40	40	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	40	41	the	the	DET
easat-8672	40	42	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-8672	40	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	41	1	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	41	2	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	41	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	41	4	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	41	5	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	41	6	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	41	7	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	41	8	closely	closely	ADV
easat-8672	41	9	related	relate	VERB
easat-8672	41	10	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	41	11	violations	violation	NOUN
easat-8672	41	12	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	41	13	the	the	DET
easat-8672	41	14	single	single	ADJ
easat-8672	41	15	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
easat-8672	41	16	principle	principle	NOUN
easat-8672	41	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	41	18	srp	srp	PROPN
easat-8672	41	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	41	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	42	1	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	42	2	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	42	3	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	42	4	characterized	characterize	VERB
easat-8672	42	5	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	42	6	lengthy	lengthy	ADJ
easat-8672	42	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	42	8	overly	overly	ADV
easat-8672	42	9	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-8672	42	10	procedures	procedure	NOUN
easat-8672	42	11	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	42	12	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-8672	42	13	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	42	14	readability	readability	NOUN
easat-8672	42	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	42	16	hinder	hinder	NOUN
easat-8672	42	17	unit	unit	NOUN
easat-8672	42	18	testing	testing	NOUN
easat-8672	42	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	42	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	42	21	complicate	complicate	VERB
easat-8672	42	22	debugging	debugging	NOUN
easat-8672	42	23	[	[	X
easat-8672	42	24	5	5	NUM
easat-8672	42	25	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	42	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	43	1	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	43	2	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	43	3	refers	refer	VERB
easat-8672	43	4	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	43	5	classes	class	NOUN
easat-8672	43	6	overloaded	overload	VERB
easat-8672	43	7	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	43	8	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-8672	43	9	responsibilities	responsibility	NOUN
easat-8672	43	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	43	11	often	often	ADV
easat-8672	43	12	becoming	become	VERB
easat-8672	43	13	central	central	ADJ
easat-8672	43	14	points	point	NOUN
easat-8672	43	15	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	43	16	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-8672	43	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	43	18	tightly	tightly	ADV
easat-8672	43	19	coupled	couple	VERB
easat-8672	43	20	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	43	21	other	other	ADJ
easat-8672	43	22	parts	part	NOUN
easat-8672	43	23	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	43	24	the	the	DET
easat-8672	43	25	system	system	NOUN
easat-8672	43	26	[	[	X
easat-8672	43	27	12	12	NUM
easat-8672	43	28	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	43	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	44	1	meanwhile	meanwhile	ADV
easat-8672	44	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	44	3	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	44	4	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	44	5	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	44	6	widely	widely	ADV
easat-8672	44	7	recognized	recognize	VERB
easat-8672	44	8	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	44	9	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	44	10	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
easat-8672	44	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	44	12	ease	ease	NOUN
easat-8672	44	13	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	44	14	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	44	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	45	1	according	accord	VERB
easat-8672	45	2	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	45	3	kaur	kaur	PROPN
easat-8672	45	4	et	et	PROPN
easat-8672	45	5	al	al	PROPN
easat-8672	45	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	45	7	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	45	8	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	45	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	45	10	most	most	ADV
easat-8672	45	11	studied	study	VERB
easat-8672	45	12	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	45	13	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	45	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	45	15	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	45	16	35	35	NUM
easat-8672	45	17	out	out	ADP
easat-8672	45	18	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	45	19	74	74	NUM
easat-8672	45	20	publications	publication	NOUN
easat-8672	45	21	specifically	specifically	ADV
easat-8672	45	22	addressing	address	VERB
easat-8672	45	23	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	45	24	kaur	kaur	NOUN
easat-8672	46	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	46	2	4	4	NUM
easat-8672	46	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	46	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	47	1	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	47	2	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	47	3	refers	refer	VERB
easat-8672	47	4	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	47	5	repeated	repeat	VERB
easat-8672	47	6	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	47	7	blocks	block	NOUN
easat-8672	47	8	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	47	9	often	often	ADV
easat-8672	47	10	arise	arise	VERB
easat-8672	47	11	due	due	ADP
easat-8672	47	12	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	47	13	copy	copy	NOUN
easat-8672	47	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	47	15	paste	paste	NOUN
easat-8672	47	16	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-8672	47	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	48	1	although	although	SCONJ
easat-8672	48	2	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ
easat-8672	48	3	to	to	PART
easat-8672	48	4	identify	identify	VERB
easat-8672	48	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	48	6	this	this	DET
easat-8672	48	7	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	48	8	poses	pose	VERB
easat-8672	48	9	serious	serious	ADJ
easat-8672	48	10	maintainability	maintainability	NOUN
easat-8672	48	11	risks	risk	NOUN
easat-8672	48	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	49	1	if	if	SCONJ
easat-8672	49	2	changes	change	NOUN
easat-8672	49	3	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	49	4	made	make	VERB
easat-8672	49	5	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	49	6	one	one	NUM
easat-8672	49	7	copy	copy	NOUN
easat-8672	49	8	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	49	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	49	10	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	49	11	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	49	12	without	without	ADP
easat-8672	49	13	synchronizing	synchronize	VERB
easat-8672	49	14	others	other	NOUN
easat-8672	49	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	49	16	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
easat-8672	49	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	49	18	bugs	bug	NOUN
easat-8672	49	19	may	may	AUX
easat-8672	49	20	occur	occur	VERB
easat-8672	49	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	50	1	to	to	PART
easat-8672	50	2	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
easat-8672	50	3	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-8672	50	4	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	50	5	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	50	6	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-8672	50	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	50	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	50	9	early	early	ADJ
easat-8672	50	10	studies	study	NOUN
easat-8672	50	11	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	50	12	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	50	13	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	50	14	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	50	15	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	50	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	50	17	ml	ml	NOUN
easat-8672	50	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	50	19	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	50	20	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	50	21	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	50	22	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	50	23	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	50	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	51	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	51	2	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	51	3	typically	typically	ADV
easat-8672	51	4	rely	rely	VERB
easat-8672	51	5	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	51	6	manually	manually	ADV
easat-8672	51	7	engineered	engineer	VERB
easat-8672	51	8	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	51	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	51	10	selected	select	VERB
easat-8672	51	11	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	51	12	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
easat-8672	51	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	51	14	automatically	automatically	ADV
easat-8672	51	15	extracted	extract	VERB
easat-8672	51	16	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	51	17	static	static	ADJ
easat-8672	51	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	51	19	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-8672	51	20	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	51	21	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	51	22	radon	radon	PROPN
easat-8672	51	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	52	1	radon	radon	PROPN
easat-8672	52	2	computes	compute	VERB
easat-8672	52	3	various	various	ADJ
easat-8672	52	4	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	52	5	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	52	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	52	7	including	include	VERB
easat-8672	52	8	cyclomatic	cyclomatic	ADJ
easat-8672	52	9	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-8672	52	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	52	11	halstead	halstead	PROPN
easat-8672	52	12	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-8672	52	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	52	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	52	15	raw	raw	ADJ
easat-8672	52	16	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	52	17	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	52	18	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	52	19	lines	line	NOUN
easat-8672	52	20	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	52	21	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	52	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	52	23	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	52	24	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	52	25	functions	function	NOUN
easat-8672	52	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	52	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	52	28	classes	class	NOUN
easat-8672	52	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	53	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	53	2	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	53	3	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	53	4	then	then	ADV
easat-8672	53	5	used	use	VERB
easat-8672	53	6	to	to	PART
easat-8672	53	7	train	train	VERB
easat-8672	53	8	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-8672	53	9	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	53	10	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	53	11	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	53	12	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	53	13	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	53	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	53	15	random	random	ADJ
easat-8672	53	16	forest	forest	NOUN
easat-8672	53	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	53	18	support	support	NOUN
easat-8672	53	19	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-8672	53	20	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	53	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	53	22	svm	svm	PROPN
easat-8672	53	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	53	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	53	25	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
easat-8672	53	26	gradient	gradient	ADJ
easat-8672	53	27	descent	descent	NOUN
easat-8672	53	28	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	53	29	sgd	sgd	NOUN
easat-8672	53	30	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	53	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	53	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	53	33	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-8672	53	34	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-8672	53	35	[	[	X
easat-8672	53	36	6	6	NUM
easat-8672	53	37	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	53	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	54	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	54	2	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	54	3	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	54	4	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
easat-8672	54	5	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	54	6	known	know	VERB
easat-8672	54	7	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	54	8	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	54	9	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
easat-8672	54	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	54	11	rule	rule	NOUN
easat-8672	54	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	54	13	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	54	14	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-8672	54	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	54	16	making	make	VERB
easat-8672	54	17	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	54	18	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-8672	54	19	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	54	20	identifying	identify	VERB
easat-8672	54	21	threshold	threshold	NOUN
easat-8672	54	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	54	23	driven	drive	VERB
easat-8672	54	24	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	54	25	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	54	26	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	54	27	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	54	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	55	1	khleel	khleel	NOUN
easat-8672	55	2	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	55	3	nehéz	nehéz	NOUN
easat-8672	55	4	[	[	X
easat-8672	55	5	13	13	NUM
easat-8672	55	6	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	55	7	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	55	8	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	55	9	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-8672	55	10	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	55	11	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	55	12	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	55	13	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	55	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	55	15	data	datum	NOUN
easat-8672	55	16	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	55	17	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	55	18	[	[	X
easat-8672	55	19	13	13	NUM
easat-8672	55	20	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	55	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	56	1	random	random	ADJ
easat-8672	56	2	forest	forest	NOUN
easat-8672	56	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	56	4	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	56	5	an	an	DET
easat-8672	56	6	ensemble	ensemble	NOUN
easat-8672	56	7	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	56	8	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	56	9	trees	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	56	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	56	11	reduces	reduce	VERB
easat-8672	56	12	overfitting	overfitte	VERB
easat-8672	56	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	56	14	improves	improve	VERB
easat-8672	56	15	generalization	generalization	NOUN
easat-8672	56	16	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	56	17	averaging	average	VERB
easat-8672	56	18	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-8672	56	19	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	56	20	outputs	output	NOUN
easat-8672	56	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	56	22	568	568	NUM
easat-8672	56	23	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	56	24	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	56	25	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	56	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	56	27	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	56	28	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	56	29	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	56	30	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	56	31	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	56	32	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	56	33	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	56	34	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	57	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	57	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	57	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	57	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	57	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	57	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	57	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	57	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	57	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	57	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	57	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	57	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	57	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	57	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	57	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	57	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	57	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	57	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	57	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	57	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	57	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	57	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	57	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	57	24	as	as	SCONJ
easat-8672	57	25	shown	show	VERB
easat-8672	57	26	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	57	27	sandouka	sandouka	NOUN
easat-8672	57	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	57	29	aljamaan	aljamaan	VERB
easat-8672	58	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	58	2	6	6	NUM
easat-8672	58	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	58	4	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	58	5	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	58	6	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-8672	58	7	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	58	8	python	python	PROPN
easat-8672	58	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	58	10	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	58	11	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	58	12	[	[	X
easat-8672	58	13	6	6	NUM
easat-8672	58	14	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	58	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	59	1	support	support	NOUN
easat-8672	59	2	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-8672	59	3	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	59	4	constructs	construct	VERB
easat-8672	59	5	an	an	DET
easat-8672	59	6	optimal	optimal	ADJ
easat-8672	59	7	hyperplane	hyperplane	NOUN
easat-8672	59	8	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	59	9	a	a	DET
easat-8672	59	10	high	high	ADJ
easat-8672	59	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	59	12	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
easat-8672	59	13	space	space	NOUN
easat-8672	59	14	to	to	PART
easat-8672	59	15	maximize	maximize	VERB
easat-8672	59	16	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	59	17	separation	separation	NOUN
easat-8672	59	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	59	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	59	20	panigrahi	panigrahi	NOUN
easat-8672	59	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	59	22	et	et	PROPN
easat-8672	59	23	al	al	PROPN
easat-8672	59	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	60	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	60	2	14	14	NUM
easat-8672	60	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	60	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	60	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	60	6	svm	svm	NOUN
easat-8672	60	7	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	60	8	smote	smote	ADJ
easat-8672	60	9	outperforms	outperform	NOUN
easat-8672	60	10	weightedsvm	weightedsvm	PROPN
easat-8672	60	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	60	12	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	60	13	the	the	DET
easat-8672	60	14	rbf	rbf	PROPN
easat-8672	60	15	kernel	kernel	PROPN
easat-8672	60	16	achieving	achieve	VERB
easat-8672	60	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	60	18	best	good	ADJ
easat-8672	60	19	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	60	20	among	among	ADP
easat-8672	60	21	various	various	ADJ
easat-8672	60	22	svm	svm	ADJ
easat-8672	60	23	kernel	kernel	NOUN
easat-8672	60	24	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	60	25	[	[	X
easat-8672	60	26	14	14	NUM
easat-8672	60	27	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	60	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	61	1	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
easat-8672	61	2	gradient	gradient	ADJ
easat-8672	61	3	descent	descent	NOUN
easat-8672	61	4	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	61	5	a	a	DET
easat-8672	61	6	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-8672	61	7	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	61	8	optimized	optimize	VERB
easat-8672	61	9	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	61	10	iterative	iterative	NOUN
easat-8672	61	11	weight	weight	NOUN
easat-8672	61	12	updates	update	NOUN
easat-8672	61	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	61	14	offering	offer	VERB
easat-8672	61	15	scalability	scalability	NOUN
easat-8672	61	16	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	61	17	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	61	18	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	61	19	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	61	20	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	61	21	role	role	NOUN
easat-8672	61	22	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	61	23	a	a	DET
easat-8672	61	24	baseline	baseline	NOUN
easat-8672	61	25	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	61	26	was	be	AUX
easat-8672	61	27	explored	explore	VERB
easat-8672	61	28	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	61	29	liu	liu	PROPN
easat-8672	61	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	61	31	et	et	PROPN
easat-8672	61	32	al	al	PROPN
easat-8672	61	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	62	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	62	2	15	15	NUM
easat-8672	62	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	62	4	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	62	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
easat-8672	62	6	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
easat-8672	62	7	involving	involve	VERB
easat-8672	62	8	various	various	ADJ
easat-8672	62	9	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	62	10	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	62	11	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	62	12	[	[	X
easat-8672	62	13	15	15	NUM
easat-8672	62	14	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	62	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	63	1	linear	linear	PROPN
easat-8672	63	2	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-8672	63	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	63	4	although	although	SCONJ
easat-8672	63	5	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
easat-8672	63	6	used	use	VERB
easat-8672	63	7	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	63	8	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-8672	63	9	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-8672	63	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	63	11	has	have	AUX
easat-8672	63	12	also	also	ADV
easat-8672	63	13	been	be	AUX
easat-8672	63	14	employed	employ	VERB
easat-8672	63	15	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	63	16	binary	binary	ADJ
easat-8672	63	17	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-8672	63	18	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	63	19	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	63	20	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	63	21	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	63	22	mapping	map	VERB
easat-8672	63	23	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	63	24	combinations	combination	NOUN
easat-8672	63	25	to	to	PART
easat-8672	63	26	probability	probability	NOUN
easat-8672	63	27	estimates	estimate	NOUN
easat-8672	63	28	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	63	29	gupta	gupta	PROPN
easat-8672	63	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	63	31	et	et	PROPN
easat-8672	63	32	al	al	PROPN
easat-8672	63	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	64	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	64	2	16	16	NUM
easat-8672	64	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	64	4	showed	show	VERB
easat-8672	64	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	64	6	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	64	7	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	64	8	performs	perform	VERB
easat-8672	64	9	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
easat-8672	64	10	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	64	11	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-8672	64	12	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	64	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	64	14	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	64	15	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-8672	64	16	nature	nature	NOUN
easat-8672	64	17	limits	limit	VERB
easat-8672	64	18	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	64	19	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	64	20	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	64	21	more	more	ADJ
easat-8672	64	22	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-8672	64	23	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	64	24	[	[	X
easat-8672	64	25	16	16	NUM
easat-8672	64	26	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	64	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	65	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	65	2	these	these	DET
easat-8672	65	3	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-8672	65	4	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	65	5	offer	offer	VERB
easat-8672	65	6	useful	useful	ADJ
easat-8672	65	7	benchmarks	benchmark	NOUN
easat-8672	65	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	65	9	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	65	10	reliance	reliance	NOUN
easat-8672	65	11	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	65	12	handcrafted	handcraft	VERB
easat-8672	65	13	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	65	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	65	15	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-8672	65	16	contextual	contextual	ADJ
easat-8672	65	17	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-8672	65	18	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	65	19	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	65	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	65	21	highlights	highlight	VERB
easat-8672	65	22	the	the	DET
easat-8672	65	23	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-8672	65	24	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	65	25	more	more	ADJ
easat-8672	65	26	expressive	expressive	ADJ
easat-8672	65	27	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	65	28	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	65	29	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	65	30	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	65	31	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	65	32	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	65	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	66	1	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	66	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	66	3	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	66	4	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	66	5	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	66	6	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	66	7	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	66	8	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	66	9	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	66	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	66	11	random	random	ADJ
easat-8672	66	12	forest	forest	NOUN
easat-8672	66	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	66	14	support	support	NOUN
easat-8672	66	15	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-8672	66	16	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	66	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	66	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	66	19	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
easat-8672	66	20	gradient	gradient	ADJ
easat-8672	66	21	descent	descent	NOUN
easat-8672	66	22	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	66	23	shown	show	VERB
easat-8672	66	24	promise	promise	NOUN
easat-8672	66	25	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	66	26	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	66	27	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	66	28	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	66	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	66	30	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	66	31	reliance	reliance	NOUN
easat-8672	66	32	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	66	33	manually	manually	ADV
easat-8672	66	34	engineered	engineer	VERB
easat-8672	66	35	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	66	36	often	often	ADV
easat-8672	66	37	limits	limit	VERB
easat-8672	66	38	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	66	39	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-8672	66	40	to	to	PART
easat-8672	66	41	capture	capture	VERB
easat-8672	66	42	deeper	deeply	ADV
easat-8672	66	43	semantic	semantic	ADJ
easat-8672	66	44	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	66	45	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	66	46	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-8672	66	47	within	within	ADP
easat-8672	66	48	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	66	49	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	66	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	67	1	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	67	2	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	67	3	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	67	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	67	5	gnns	gnns	NOUN
easat-8672	67	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	67	7	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	67	8	emerged	emerge	VERB
easat-8672	67	9	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	67	10	a	a	DET
easat-8672	67	11	powerful	powerful	ADJ
easat-8672	67	12	alternative	alternative	NOUN
easat-8672	67	13	due	due	ADP
easat-8672	67	14	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	67	15	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	67	16	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-8672	67	17	to	to	PART
easat-8672	67	18	model	model	VERB
easat-8672	67	19	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	67	20	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	67	21	graphs	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	67	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	67	23	capturing	capture	VERB
easat-8672	67	24	both	both	CCONJ
easat-8672	67	25	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
easat-8672	67	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	67	27	contextual	contextual	ADJ
easat-8672	67	28	dependencies	dependency	NOUN
easat-8672	67	29	through	through	ADP
easat-8672	67	30	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	67	31	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	67	32	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	67	33	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-8672	67	34	syntax	syntax	NOUN
easat-8672	67	35	trees	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	67	36	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	67	37	ast	ast	NOUN
easat-8672	67	38	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	67	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	67	40	control	control	NOUN
easat-8672	67	41	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-8672	67	42	graphs	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	67	43	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	67	44	cfgs	cfgs	NOUN
easat-8672	67	45	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	68	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	68	2	17	17	NUM
easat-8672	68	3	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	68	4	19	19	NUM
easat-8672	68	5	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	68	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	69	1	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-8672	69	2	studies	study	NOUN
easat-8672	69	3	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	69	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	69	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	69	6	gnns	gnns	ADJ
easat-8672	69	7	outperform	outperform	ADJ
easat-8672	69	8	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	69	9	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	69	10	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	69	11	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-8672	69	12	like	like	ADP
easat-8672	69	13	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN
easat-8672	69	14	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	69	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	69	16	program	program	NOUN
easat-8672	69	17	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-8672	69	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	69	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	69	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	69	21	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	69	22	identification	identification	NOUN
easat-8672	69	23	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	69	24	leveraging	leverage	VERB
easat-8672	69	25	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	69	26	inductive	inductive	ADJ
easat-8672	69	27	biases	bias	NOUN
easat-8672	69	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	69	29	relational	relational	ADJ
easat-8672	69	30	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	69	31	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	69	32	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	69	33	elements	element	NOUN
easat-8672	69	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	70	1	however	however	ADV
easat-8672	70	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	70	3	despite	despite	SCONJ
easat-8672	70	4	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	70	5	growing	grow	VERB
easat-8672	70	6	adoption	adoption	NOUN
easat-8672	70	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	70	8	existing	exist	VERB
easat-8672	70	9	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-8672	70	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	70	11	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	70	12	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	70	13	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	70	14	often	often	ADV
easat-8672	70	15	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
easat-8672	70	16	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	70	17	limited	limited	ADJ
easat-8672	70	18	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	70	19	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	70	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	70	21	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	70	22	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	70	23	small	small	ADJ
easat-8672	70	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	70	25	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-8672	70	26	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	70	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	70	28	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	70	29	restricts	restrict	VERB
easat-8672	70	30	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	70	31	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
easat-8672	70	32	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	70	33	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	70	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	70	35	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-8672	70	36	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	70	37	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	70	38	[	[	X
easat-8672	70	39	11	11	NUM
easat-8672	70	40	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	70	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	71	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-8672	71	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	71	3	few	few	ADJ
easat-8672	71	4	studies	study	NOUN
easat-8672	71	5	perform	perform	VERB
easat-8672	71	6	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-8672	71	7	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
easat-8672	71	8	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	71	9	gnns	gnns	ADJ
easat-8672	71	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	71	11	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-8672	71	12	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	71	13	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	71	14	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-8672	71	15	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	71	16	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	71	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	71	18	leaving	leave	VERB
easat-8672	71	19	open	open	ADJ
easat-8672	71	20	questions	question	NOUN
easat-8672	71	21	about	about	ADP
easat-8672	71	22	the	the	DET
easat-8672	71	23	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-8672	71	24	advantages	advantage	NOUN
easat-8672	71	25	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	71	26	gnns	gnns	NOUN
easat-8672	71	27	across	across	ADP
easat-8672	71	28	varying	vary	VERB
easat-8672	71	29	project	project	NOUN
easat-8672	71	30	contexts	contexts	NOUN
easat-8672	71	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	72	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-8672	72	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	72	3	this	this	DET
easat-8672	72	4	research	research	NOUN
easat-8672	72	5	seeks	seek	VERB
easat-8672	72	6	to	to	PART
easat-8672	72	7	fill	fill	VERB
easat-8672	72	8	that	that	DET
easat-8672	72	9	gap	gap	NOUN
easat-8672	72	10	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	72	11	employing	employ	VERB
easat-8672	72	12	a	a	DET
easat-8672	72	13	gnnbased	gnnbase	VERB
easat-8672	72	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	72	15	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	72	16	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	72	17	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-8672	72	18	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	72	19	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	72	20	across	across	ADP
easat-8672	72	21	two	two	NUM
easat-8672	72	22	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	72	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	72	24	scale	scale	NOUN
easat-8672	72	25	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	72	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	72	27	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
easat-8672	72	28	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	72	29	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	72	30	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	72	31	a	a	DET
easat-8672	72	32	full	full	ADJ
easat-8672	72	33	set	set	NOUN
easat-8672	72	34	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	72	35	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	72	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	72	37	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	72	38	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	72	39	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	72	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	72	41	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-8672	72	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	72	43	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-8672	72	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	72	45	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-8672	72	46	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	72	47	score	score	NOUN
easat-8672	72	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	72	49	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	72	50	confusion	confusion	NOUN
easat-8672	72	51	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-8672	72	52	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	73	1	3	3	X
easat-8672	73	2	.	.	X
easat-8672	73	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
easat-8672	73	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	73	5	methodology	methodology	NOUN
easat-8672	73	6	employed	employ	VERB
easat-8672	73	7	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	73	8	this	this	DET
easat-8672	73	9	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	73	10	follows	follow	VERB
easat-8672	73	11	a	a	DET
easat-8672	73	12	systematic	systematic	ADJ
easat-8672	73	13	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	73	14	consisting	consist	VERB
easat-8672	73	15	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	73	16	several	several	ADJ
easat-8672	73	17	key	key	ADJ
easat-8672	73	18	steps	step	NOUN
easat-8672	73	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	73	20	dataset	dataset	ADJ
easat-8672	73	21	preparation	preparation	NOUN
easat-8672	73	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	73	23	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	73	24	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	73	25	labeling	labeling	NOUN
easat-8672	73	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	73	27	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-8672	73	28	syntax	syntax	NOUN
easat-8672	73	29	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	73	30	generation	generation	NOUN
easat-8672	73	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	73	32	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	73	33	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	73	34	development	development	PROPN
easat-8672	73	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	73	36	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	73	37	process	process	NOUN
easat-8672	73	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	73	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	73	40	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-8672	73	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	73	42	as	as	SCONJ
easat-8672	73	43	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
easat-8672	73	44	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	73	45	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-8672	73	46	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	73	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	74	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	74	2	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-8672	74	3	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	74	4	ensures	ensure	VERB
easat-8672	74	5	a	a	DET
easat-8672	74	6	thorough	thorough	ADJ
easat-8672	74	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	74	8	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	74	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	74	10	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-8672	74	11	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	74	12	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	74	13	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	74	14	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	74	15	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	74	16	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	74	17	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	74	18	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	74	19	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	74	20	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	74	21	programs	program	NOUN
easat-8672	74	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	75	1	569	569	NUM
easat-8672	75	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	75	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	75	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	75	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	75	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	75	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	75	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	75	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	75	10	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	75	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	75	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	75	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	76	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	76	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	76	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	76	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	76	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	76	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	76	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	76	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	76	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	76	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	76	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	76	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	76	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	76	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	76	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	76	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	76	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	76	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	76	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	76	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	76	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	76	22	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	76	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	76	24	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-8672	76	25	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	76	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	76	27	methodology	methodology	NOUN
easat-8672	76	28	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	76	29	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	76	30	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	76	31	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	76	32	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	76	33	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	76	34	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	76	35	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	76	36	3.1	3.1	NUM
easat-8672	76	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	77	1	dataset	dataset	VERB
easat-8672	77	2	this	this	DET
easat-8672	77	3	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	77	4	employs	employ	VERB
easat-8672	77	5	two	two	NUM
easat-8672	77	6	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	77	7	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	77	8	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	77	9	to	to	PART
easat-8672	77	10	support	support	VERB
easat-8672	77	11	the	the	DET
easat-8672	77	12	development	development	NOUN
easat-8672	77	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	77	14	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-8672	77	15	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	77	16	a	a	DET
easat-8672	77	17	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	77	18	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	77	19	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	77	20	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	77	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	77	22	processed	process	VERB
easat-8672	77	23	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	77	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	77	25	raw	raw	ADJ
easat-8672	77	26	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	77	27	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	77	28	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	77	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	78	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	78	2	first	first	ADJ
easat-8672	78	3	type	type	NOUN
easat-8672	78	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	78	5	processed	process	VERB
easat-8672	78	6	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	78	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	78	8	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	78	9	adopted	adopt	VERB
easat-8672	78	10	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	78	11	the	the	DET
easat-8672	78	12	work	work	NOUN
easat-8672	78	13	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	78	14	sandouka	sandouka	NOUN
easat-8672	78	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	78	16	aljamaan	aljamaan	VERB
easat-8672	79	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	79	2	6	6	NUM
easat-8672	79	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	79	4	who	who	PRON
easat-8672	79	5	focused	focus	VERB
easat-8672	79	6	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	79	7	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	79	8	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	79	9	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	79	10	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	79	11	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	79	12	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	79	13	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	79	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	80	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	80	2	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	80	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	80	4	provided	provide	VERB
easat-8672	80	5	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	80	6	csv	csv	NOUN
easat-8672	80	7	format	format	NOUN
easat-8672	80	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	80	9	include	include	VERB
easat-8672	80	10	the	the	DET
easat-8672	80	11	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	80	12	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	80	13	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	80	14	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	80	15	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	80	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	80	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	80	18	python	python	PROPN
easat-8672	80	19	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	80	20	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	80	21	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	80	22	dataset	dataset	VERB
easat-8672	80	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	80	24	both	both	PRON
easat-8672	80	25	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	80	26	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	80	27	contain	contain	VERB
easat-8672	80	28	pre	pre	ADJ
easat-8672	80	29	-	-	ADJ
easat-8672	80	30	extracted	extract	VERB
easat-8672	80	31	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	80	32	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	80	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	80	34	binary	binary	ADJ
easat-8672	80	35	labels	label	NOUN
easat-8672	80	36	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-8672	80	37	the	the	DET
easat-8672	80	38	presence	presence	NOUN
easat-8672	80	39	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	80	40	absence	absence	NOUN
easat-8672	80	41	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	80	42	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	80	43	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	80	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	81	1	each	each	DET
easat-8672	81	2	entry	entry	NOUN
easat-8672	81	3	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	81	4	these	these	DET
easat-8672	81	5	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	81	6	includes	include	VERB
easat-8672	81	7	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	81	8	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	81	9	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	81	10	lines	line	NOUN
easat-8672	81	11	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	81	12	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	81	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	81	14	loc	loc	NOUN
easat-8672	81	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	81	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	81	17	logical	logical	ADJ
easat-8672	81	18	lines	line	NOUN
easat-8672	81	19	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	81	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	81	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	81	22	lloc	lloc	NOUN
easat-8672	81	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	81	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	81	25	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	81	26	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	81	27	comments	comment	NOUN
easat-8672	81	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	81	29	blank	blank	ADJ
easat-8672	81	30	lines	line	NOUN
easat-8672	81	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	81	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	81	33	the	the	DET
easat-8672	81	34	is_code_smell	is_code_smell	PROPN
easat-8672	81	35	label	label	NOUN
easat-8672	81	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	82	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	82	2	structured	structure	VERB
easat-8672	82	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	82	4	labeled	label	VERB
easat-8672	82	5	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	82	6	offer	offer	VERB
easat-8672	82	7	a	a	DET
easat-8672	82	8	reliable	reliable	ADJ
easat-8672	82	9	basis	basis	NOUN
easat-8672	82	10	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	82	11	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	82	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	82	13	validating	validate	VERB
easat-8672	82	14	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	82	15	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	82	16	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	82	17	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	82	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	82	19	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	82	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	82	21	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	82	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	83	1	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	83	2	addition	addition	NOUN
easat-8672	83	3	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	83	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	83	5	processed	process	VERB
easat-8672	83	6	data	datum	NOUN
easat-8672	83	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	83	8	this	this	DET
easat-8672	83	9	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	83	10	also	also	ADV
easat-8672	83	11	incorporates	incorporate	VERB
easat-8672	83	12	raw	raw	ADJ
easat-8672	83	13	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	83	14	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	83	15	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	83	16	collected	collect	VERB
easat-8672	83	17	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	83	18	two	two	NUM
easat-8672	83	19	popular	popular	ADJ
easat-8672	83	20	open	open	ADJ
easat-8672	83	21	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	83	22	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	83	23	erp	erp	NOUN
easat-8672	83	24	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	83	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	83	26	erpnext	erpnext	ADJ
easat-8672	83	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	83	28	odoo	odoo	ADJ
easat-8672	83	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	84	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	84	2	repositories	repository	NOUN
easat-8672	84	3	were	be	AUX
easat-8672	84	4	cloned	clone	VERB
easat-8672	84	5	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	84	6	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	84	7	official	official	ADJ
easat-8672	84	8	github	github	NOUN
easat-8672	84	9	sources	source	NOUN
easat-8672	84	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	84	11	selected	select	VERB
easat-8672	84	12	due	due	ADP
easat-8672	84	13	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	84	14	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	84	15	maturity	maturity	NOUN
easat-8672	84	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	84	17	active	active	ADJ
easat-8672	84	18	development	development	NOUN
easat-8672	84	19	communities	community	NOUN
easat-8672	84	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	84	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	84	22	widespread	widespread	ADJ
easat-8672	84	23	use	use	NOUN
easat-8672	84	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	85	1	erpnext	erpnext	PROPN
easat-8672	85	2	has	have	VERB
easat-8672	85	3	approximately	approximately	ADV
easat-8672	85	4	7.3k	7.3k	NUM
easat-8672	85	5	forks	fork	NOUN
easat-8672	85	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	85	7	21.8k	21.8k	NUM
easat-8672	85	8	stars	star	NOUN
easat-8672	85	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	85	10	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	85	11	odoo	odoo	NOUN
easat-8672	85	12	has	have	VERB
easat-8672	85	13	around	around	ADP
easat-8672	85	14	27.2k	27.2k	NUM
easat-8672	85	15	forks	fork	NOUN
easat-8672	85	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	85	17	42.1k	42.1k	NUM
easat-8672	85	18	stars	star	NOUN
easat-8672	85	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	86	1	to	to	PART
easat-8672	86	2	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-8672	86	3	relevance	relevance	NOUN
easat-8672	86	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	86	5	manageability	manageability	NOUN
easat-8672	86	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	86	7	only	only	ADV
easat-8672	86	8	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-8672	86	9	folders	folder	NOUN
easat-8672	86	10	were	be	AUX
easat-8672	86	11	extracted	extract	VERB
easat-8672	86	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	86	13	the	the	DET
easat-8672	86	14	controller	controller	NOUN
easat-8672	86	15	folder	folder	NOUN
easat-8672	86	16	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	86	17	erpnext	erpnext	NOUN
easat-8672	86	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	86	19	the	the	DET
easat-8672	86	20	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-8672	86	21	folder	folder	NOUN
easat-8672	86	22	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	86	23	odoo	odoo	NUM
easat-8672	86	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	87	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	87	2	modules	module	NOUN
easat-8672	87	3	were	be	AUX
easat-8672	87	4	chosen	choose	VERB
easat-8672	87	5	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	87	6	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	87	7	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	87	8	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-8672	87	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	87	10	representativeness	representativeness	ADJ
easat-8672	87	11	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	87	12	real	real	ADJ
easat-8672	87	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	87	14	world	world	NOUN
easat-8672	87	15	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	87	16	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	87	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	87	18	making	make	VERB
easat-8672	87	19	them	they	PRON
easat-8672	87	20	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-8672	87	21	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	87	22	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	87	23	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	87	24	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	87	25	research	research	NOUN
easat-8672	87	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	87	27	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-8672	87	28	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	87	29	identifying	identify	VERB
easat-8672	87	30	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	87	31	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	87	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	87	33	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	87	34	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	87	35	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	87	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	87	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	87	38	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	87	39	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	88	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	88	2	20	20	NUM
easat-8672	88	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	88	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	89	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-8672	89	2	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	89	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	90	1	sample	sample	NOUN
easat-8672	90	2	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	90	3	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	90	4	processed	process	VERB
easat-8672	90	5	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	90	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	91	1	loc	loc	PROPN
easat-8672	91	2	lloc	lloc	PROPN
easat-8672	91	3	comments	comment	NOUN
easat-8672	91	4	blanks	blank	VERB
easat-8672	91	5	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
easat-8672	91	6	effort	effort	VERB
easat-8672	91	7	bugs	bug	NOUN
easat-8672	91	8	largeclass	largeclass	VERB
easat-8672	91	9	469	469	NUM
easat-8672	91	10	247	247	NUM
easat-8672	91	11	10	10	NUM
easat-8672	91	12	53	53	NUM
easat-8672	91	13	5.764423	5.764423	NUM
easat-8672	91	14	6945.013	6945.013	NUM
easat-8672	91	15	0.401602	0.401602	NUM
easat-8672	91	16	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	91	17	141	141	NUM
easat-8672	91	18	84	84	NUM
easat-8672	91	19	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	91	20	31	31	NUM
easat-8672	91	21	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	91	22	18.09474	18.09474	NUM
easat-8672	91	23	0.006032	0.006032	NUM
easat-8672	91	24	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	91	25	473	473	NUM
easat-8672	91	26	259	259	NUM
easat-8672	91	27	51	51	NUM
easat-8672	91	28	59	59	NUM
easat-8672	91	29	7.418478	7.418478	NUM
easat-8672	91	30	8019.327	8019.327	NUM
easat-8672	91	31	0.360331	0.360331	NUM
easat-8672	91	32	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	91	33	1267	1267	NUM
easat-8672	91	34	721	721	NUM
easat-8672	91	35	78	78	NUM
easat-8672	91	36	161	161	NUM
easat-8672	91	37	6.986014	6.986014	NUM
easat-8672	91	38	29168.97	29168.97	NUM
easat-8672	91	39	1.391779	1.391779	NUM
easat-8672	91	40	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	91	41	174	174	NUM
easat-8672	91	42	114	114	NUM
easat-8672	91	43	16	16	NUM
easat-8672	91	44	19	19	NUM
easat-8672	91	45	4.5	4.5	NUM
easat-8672	91	46	1708.999	1708.999	NUM
easat-8672	91	47	0.126592	0.126592	NUM
easat-8672	91	48	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	91	49	11	11	NUM
easat-8672	91	50	8	8	NUM
easat-8672	91	51	0	0	NUM
easat-8672	91	52	3	3	NUM
easat-8672	91	53	1.5	1.5	NUM
easat-8672	91	54	216	216	NUM
easat-8672	91	55	0.048	0.048	NUM
easat-8672	91	56	0	0	NUM
easat-8672	91	57	109	109	NUM
easat-8672	91	58	92	92	NUM
easat-8672	91	59	2	2	NUM
easat-8672	91	60	11	11	NUM
easat-8672	91	61	4.846154	4.846154	NUM
easat-8672	91	62	15166.08	15166.08	NUM
easat-8672	91	63	1.04317	1.04317	NUM
easat-8672	91	64	0	0	NUM
easat-8672	91	65	34	34	NUM
easat-8672	91	66	27	27	NUM
easat-8672	91	67	0	0	NUM
easat-8672	91	68	5	5	NUM
easat-8672	91	69	1.8	1.8	NUM
easat-8672	91	70	202.6584	202.6584	NUM
easat-8672	91	71	0.037529	0.037529	NUM
easat-8672	91	72	0	0	NUM
easat-8672	91	73	570	570	NUM
easat-8672	91	74	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	91	75	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	91	76	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	91	77	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	91	78	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	91	79	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	91	80	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	91	81	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	91	82	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	91	83	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	91	84	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	91	85	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	92	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	92	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	92	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	92	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	92	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	92	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	92	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	92	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	92	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	92	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	92	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	92	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	92	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	92	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	92	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	92	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	92	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	92	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	92	24	as	as	SCONJ
easat-8672	92	25	shown	show	VERB
easat-8672	92	26	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	92	27	table	table	NOUN
easat-8672	92	28	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	92	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	30	instances	instance	NOUN
easat-8672	92	31	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	92	32	higher	high	ADJ
easat-8672	92	33	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	92	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	35	tend	tend	VERB
easat-8672	92	36	to	to	PART
easat-8672	92	37	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	92	38	labeled	label	VERB
easat-8672	92	39	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	92	40	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	92	41	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	92	42	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	43	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	92	44	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	46	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	92	47	instances	instance	NOUN
easat-8672	92	48	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	92	49	lower	low	ADJ
easat-8672	92	50	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	92	51	typically	typically	ADV
easat-8672	92	52	do	do	AUX
easat-8672	92	53	not	not	PART
easat-8672	92	54	contain	contain	VERB
easat-8672	92	55	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	92	56	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	57	0	0	NUM
easat-8672	92	58	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	92	59	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	93	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	93	2	pattern	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	93	3	helps	help	VERB
easat-8672	93	4	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	93	5	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	93	6	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	93	7	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	93	8	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	93	9	to	to	PART
easat-8672	93	10	recognize	recognize	VERB
easat-8672	93	11	potential	potential	ADJ
easat-8672	93	12	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	93	13	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	93	14	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	93	15	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	93	16	these	these	DET
easat-8672	93	17	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	93	18	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	93	19	[	[	X
easat-8672	93	20	21	21	NUM
easat-8672	93	21	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	93	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	94	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	94	2	labeling	labeling	NOUN
easat-8672	94	3	process	process	NOUN
easat-8672	94	4	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	94	5	only	only	ADV
easat-8672	94	6	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-8672	94	7	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	94	8	experiments	experiment	NOUN
easat-8672	94	9	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	94	10	utilize	utilize	VERB
easat-8672	94	11	the	the	DET
easat-8672	94	12	raw	raw	ADJ
easat-8672	94	13	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	94	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	95	1	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	95	2	this	this	DET
easat-8672	95	3	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	95	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	95	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	95	6	identification	identification	NOUN
easat-8672	95	7	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	95	8	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	95	9	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	95	10	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	95	11	performed	perform	VERB
easat-8672	95	12	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	95	13	a	a	DET
easat-8672	95	14	metric	metric	ADJ
easat-8672	95	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	95	16	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	95	17	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	95	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	96	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	96	2	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	96	3	provide	provide	VERB
easat-8672	96	4	an	an	DET
easat-8672	96	5	objective	objective	ADJ
easat-8672	96	6	framework	framework	NOUN
easat-8672	96	7	to	to	PART
easat-8672	96	8	define	define	VERB
easat-8672	96	9	thresholds	threshold	NOUN
easat-8672	96	10	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	96	11	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	96	12	different	different	ADJ
easat-8672	96	13	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	96	14	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	96	15	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	96	16	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	96	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	96	18	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	96	19	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	96	20	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	96	21	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	96	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	96	23	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	96	24	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	96	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	96	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	96	27	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	96	28	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	96	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	97	1	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	97	2	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	97	3	refers	refer	VERB
easat-8672	97	4	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	97	5	a	a	DET
easat-8672	97	6	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	97	7	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	97	8	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	97	9	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	97	10	contains	contain	VERB
easat-8672	97	11	an	an	DET
easat-8672	97	12	excessive	excessive	ADJ
easat-8672	97	13	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	97	14	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	97	15	lines	line	NOUN
easat-8672	97	16	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	97	17	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	97	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	98	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	98	2	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	98	3	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	98	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	98	5	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	98	6	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	98	7	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	98	8	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	98	9	performed	perform	VERB
easat-8672	98	10	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	98	11	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-8672	98	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	98	13	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	98	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	98	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	98	16	where	where	SCONJ
easat-8672	98	17	lines	line	NOUN
easat-8672	98	18	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	98	19	code	code	PROPN
easat-8672	98	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	98	21	loc	loc	X
easat-8672	98	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	98	23	represents	represent	VERB
easat-8672	98	24	the	the	DET
easat-8672	98	25	total	total	ADJ
easat-8672	98	26	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	98	27	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	98	28	lines	line	NOUN
easat-8672	98	29	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	98	30	a	a	DET
easat-8672	98	31	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	98	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	98	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	98	34	the	the	DET
easat-8672	98	35	threshold	threshold	NOUN
easat-8672	98	36	denotes	denote	VERB
easat-8672	98	37	the	the	DET
easat-8672	98	38	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	98	39	length	length	NOUN
easat-8672	98	40	limit	limit	NOUN
easat-8672	98	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	99	1	according	accord	VERB
easat-8672	99	2	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	99	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	99	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	99	5	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	99	6	nandani	nandani	PROPN
easat-8672	99	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	99	8	et	et	PROPN
easat-8672	99	9	al	al	PROPN
easat-8672	99	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	100	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	100	2	22	22	NUM
easat-8672	100	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	100	4	a	a	DET
easat-8672	100	5	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	100	6	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	100	7	classified	classify	VERB
easat-8672	100	8	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	100	9	a	a	DET
easat-8672	100	10	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	100	11	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	100	12	if	if	SCONJ
easat-8672	100	13	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	100	14	exceeds	exceed	VERB
easat-8672	100	15	80	80	NUM
easat-8672	100	16	lines	line	NOUN
easat-8672	100	17	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	100	18	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	101	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	101	2	22	22	NUM
easat-8672	101	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	101	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	102	1	𝐿𝑜𝑛𝑔	𝐿𝑜𝑛𝑔	PROPN
easat-8672	102	2	𝑀𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑑	𝑀𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑑	PROPN
easat-8672	102	3	=	=	PROPN
easat-8672	102	4	>	>	X
easat-8672	102	5	𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒	𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒	PROPN
easat-8672	102	6	𝑖𝑓	𝑖𝑓	ADP
easat-8672	102	7	𝐿𝑂𝐶	𝐿𝑂𝐶	PROPN
easat-8672	102	8	>	>	X
easat-8672	102	9	𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑	𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑	X
easat-8672	102	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	102	11	1	1	X
easat-8672	102	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	102	13	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	102	14	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	102	15	occurs	occur	VERB
easat-8672	102	16	when	when	SCONJ
easat-8672	102	17	there	there	PRON
easat-8672	102	18	are	be	VERB
easat-8672	102	19	identical	identical	ADJ
easat-8672	102	20	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	102	21	highly	highly	ADV
easat-8672	102	22	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-8672	102	23	blocks	block	NOUN
easat-8672	102	24	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	102	25	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	102	26	repeated	repeat	VERB
easat-8672	102	27	across	across	ADP
easat-8672	102	28	different	different	ADJ
easat-8672	102	29	parts	part	NOUN
easat-8672	102	30	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	102	31	a	a	DET
easat-8672	102	32	program	program	NOUN
easat-8672	102	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	103	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	103	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	103	3	adopts	adopt	VERB
easat-8672	103	4	a	a	DET
easat-8672	103	5	string	string	NOUN
easat-8672	103	6	matching	matching	NOUN
easat-8672	103	7	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	103	8	substring	substre	VERB
easat-8672	103	9	similarity	similarity	NOUN
easat-8672	103	10	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	103	11	to	to	PART
easat-8672	103	12	detect	detect	VERB
easat-8672	103	13	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	103	14	duplication	duplication	NOUN
easat-8672	103	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	104	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	104	2	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	104	3	compares	compare	VERB
easat-8672	104	4	different	different	ADJ
easat-8672	104	5	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	104	6	blocks	block	NOUN
easat-8672	104	7	within	within	ADP
easat-8672	104	8	a	a	DET
easat-8672	104	9	project	project	NOUN
easat-8672	104	10	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	104	11	similarity	similarity	NOUN
easat-8672	104	12	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-8672	104	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	104	14	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-8672	104	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	104	16	longest	long	ADJ
easat-8672	104	17	common	common	ADJ
easat-8672	104	18	subsequence	subsequence	NOUN
easat-8672	104	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	104	20	lcs	lcs	PROPN
easat-8672	104	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	104	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	105	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	105	2	lcs	lcs	PROPN
easat-8672	105	3	algorithm	algorithm	PROPN
easat-8672	105	4	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	105	5	used	use	VERB
easat-8672	105	6	to	to	PART
easat-8672	105	7	measure	measure	VERB
easat-8672	105	8	the	the	DET
easat-8672	105	9	similarity	similarity	NOUN
easat-8672	105	10	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	105	11	two	two	NUM
easat-8672	105	12	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	105	13	sequences	sequence	NOUN
easat-8672	105	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	105	15	a	a	PRON
easat-8672	105	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	105	17	b.	b.	NOUN
easat-8672	105	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	105	19	formula	formula	NOUN
easat-8672	105	20	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	105	21	lcs	lcs	PROPN
easat-8672	105	22	similarity	similarity	NOUN
easat-8672	105	23	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	105	24	shown	show	VERB
easat-8672	105	25	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	105	26	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-8672	105	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	105	28	2	2	NUM
easat-8672	105	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	105	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	106	1	𝐿𝐶𝑆(𝐴	𝐿𝐶𝑆(𝐴	PROPN
easat-8672	106	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	106	3	𝐵	𝐵	NOUN
easat-8672	106	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	106	5	=	=	SYM
easat-8672	106	6	𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔ℎ𝑡	𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔ℎ𝑡	NOUN
easat-8672	106	7	𝑜𝑓	𝑜𝑓	AUX
easat-8672	106	8	𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑡	𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑡	VERB
easat-8672	106	9	𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒	𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒	PROPN
easat-8672	106	10	𝑜𝑓	𝑜𝑓	ADP
easat-8672	106	11	𝐴	𝐴	PROPN
easat-8672	106	12	𝑎𝑛𝑑	𝑎𝑛𝑑	PROPN
easat-8672	106	13	𝐵	𝐵	NOUN
easat-8672	106	14	min(𝑙𝑒𝑛(𝐴),𝑙𝑒𝑛(𝐵	min(𝑙𝑒𝑛(𝐴),𝑙𝑒𝑛(𝐵	NOUN
easat-8672	106	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	106	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	107	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	107	2	2	2	X
easat-8672	107	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	107	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	107	5	numerator	numerator	NOUN
easat-8672	107	6	refers	refer	VERB
easat-8672	107	7	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	107	8	the	the	DET
easat-8672	107	9	longest	long	ADJ
easat-8672	107	10	subsequence	subsequence	NOUN
easat-8672	107	11	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	107	12	appears	appear	VERB
easat-8672	107	13	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	107	14	both	both	CCONJ
easat-8672	107	15	a	a	PRON
easat-8672	107	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	107	17	b	b	NOUN
easat-8672	107	18	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	107	19	preserving	preserve	VERB
easat-8672	107	20	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	107	21	order	order	NOUN
easat-8672	107	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	108	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	108	2	denominator	denominator	NOUN
easat-8672	108	3	represents	represent	VERB
easat-8672	108	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	108	5	minimum	minimum	ADJ
easat-8672	108	6	length	length	NOUN
easat-8672	108	7	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	108	8	the	the	DET
easat-8672	108	9	two	two	NUM
easat-8672	108	10	sequences	sequence	NOUN
easat-8672	108	11	a	a	PRON
easat-8672	108	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	108	13	b	b	NOUN
easat-8672	108	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	108	15	serving	serve	VERB
easat-8672	108	16	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	108	17	a	a	DET
easat-8672	108	18	normalization	normalization	NOUN
easat-8672	108	19	factor	factor	NOUN
easat-8672	108	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	109	1	if	if	SCONJ
easat-8672	109	2	two	two	NUM
easat-8672	109	3	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	109	4	more	more	ADJ
easat-8672	109	5	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	109	6	blocks	block	NOUN
easat-8672	109	7	have	have	VERB
easat-8672	109	8	a	a	DET
easat-8672	109	9	similarity	similarity	NOUN
easat-8672	109	10	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	109	11	80	80	NUM
easat-8672	109	12	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	109	13	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	109	14	higher	high	ADJ
easat-8672	109	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	109	16	they	they	PRON
easat-8672	109	17	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	109	18	considered	consider	VERB
easat-8672	109	19	duplicates	duplicate	NOUN
easat-8672	109	20	[	[	X
easat-8672	109	21	23	23	NUM
easat-8672	109	22	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	109	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	110	1	𝐿𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒	𝐿𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒	PROPN
easat-8672	110	2	𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠	𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠	PROPN
easat-8672	110	3	=	=	SYM
easat-8672	110	4	𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒	𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒	PROPN
easat-8672	110	5	𝑖𝑓	𝑖𝑓	ADP
easat-8672	110	6	𝑊𝑀𝐶	𝑊𝑀𝐶	PROPN
easat-8672	110	7	>	>	X
easat-8672	110	8	𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑	𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑	X
easat-8672	110	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	110	10	3	3	X
easat-8672	110	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	110	12	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	110	13	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	110	14	refers	refer	VERB
easat-8672	110	15	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	110	16	a	a	DET
easat-8672	110	17	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	110	18	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	110	19	assumes	assume	VERB
easat-8672	110	20	excessive	excessive	ADJ
easat-8672	110	21	responsibilities	responsibility	NOUN
easat-8672	110	22	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	110	23	contains	contain	VERB
easat-8672	110	24	an	an	DET
easat-8672	110	25	overwhelming	overwhelming	ADJ
easat-8672	110	26	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	110	27	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	110	28	functions	function	NOUN
easat-8672	110	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	110	30	thereby	thereby	ADV
easat-8672	110	31	violating	violate	VERB
easat-8672	110	32	the	the	DET
easat-8672	110	33	single	single	ADJ
easat-8672	110	34	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
easat-8672	110	35	principle	principle	NOUN
easat-8672	110	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	111	1	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	111	2	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	111	3	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	111	4	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	111	5	performed	perform	VERB
easat-8672	111	6	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	111	7	equation	equation	NOUN
easat-8672	111	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	111	9	3	3	NUM
easat-8672	111	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	111	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	112	1	weighted	weight	VERB
easat-8672	112	2	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	112	3	count	count	NOUN
easat-8672	112	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	112	5	wmc	wmc	PROPN
easat-8672	112	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	112	7	represents	represent	VERB
easat-8672	112	8	the	the	DET
easat-8672	112	9	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	112	10	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	112	11	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	112	12	within	within	ADP
easat-8672	112	13	a	a	DET
easat-8672	112	14	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	112	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	112	16	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	112	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	112	18	threshold	threshold	NOUN
easat-8672	112	19	defines	define	VERB
easat-8672	112	20	the	the	DET
easat-8672	112	21	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	112	22	count	count	NOUN
easat-8672	112	23	limit	limit	NOUN
easat-8672	112	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	113	1	according	accord	VERB
easat-8672	113	2	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	113	3	turkistani	turkistani	PROPN
easat-8672	113	4	&	&	CCONJ
easat-8672	113	5	liu	liu	PROPN
easat-8672	113	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	113	7	a	a	DET
easat-8672	113	8	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	113	9	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	113	10	considered	consider	VERB
easat-8672	113	11	a	a	DET
easat-8672	113	12	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	113	13	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	113	14	if	if	SCONJ
easat-8672	113	15	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	113	16	contains	contain	VERB
easat-8672	113	17	more	more	ADJ
easat-8672	113	18	than	than	ADP
easat-8672	113	19	47	47	NUM
easat-8672	113	20	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	113	21	[	[	X
easat-8672	113	22	24	24	NUM
easat-8672	113	23	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	113	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	114	1	571	571	NUM
easat-8672	114	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	114	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	114	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	114	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	114	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	114	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	114	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	114	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	114	10	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	114	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	114	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	114	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	115	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	115	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	115	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	115	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	115	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	115	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	115	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	115	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	115	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	115	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	115	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	115	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	115	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	115	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	115	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	115	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	115	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	115	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	115	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	115	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	115	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	115	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	115	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	115	24	3.2	3.2	NUM
easat-8672	115	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	116	1	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-8672	116	2	syntax	syntax	NOUN
easat-8672	116	3	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	116	4	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-8672	116	5	2	2	NUM
easat-8672	116	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	116	7	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-8672	116	8	syntax	syntax	NOUN
easat-8672	116	9	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	116	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	117	1	after	after	ADP
easat-8672	117	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	117	3	preparation	preparation	NOUN
easat-8672	117	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	117	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	117	6	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	117	7	extracts	extract	VERB
easat-8672	117	8	call	call	VERB
easat-8672	117	9	graphs	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	117	10	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	117	11	each	each	DET
easat-8672	117	12	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	117	13	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	117	14	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	117	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	117	16	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-8672	117	17	syntax	syntax	NOUN
easat-8672	117	18	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	117	19	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	117	20	ast	ast	NOUN
easat-8672	117	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	117	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	117	23	as	as	SCONJ
easat-8672	117	24	shown	show	VERB
easat-8672	117	25	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	117	26	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-8672	117	27	2	2	NUM
easat-8672	117	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	118	1	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	118	2	this	this	DET
easat-8672	118	3	process	process	NOUN
easat-8672	118	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	118	5	each	each	DET
easat-8672	118	6	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	118	7	within	within	ADP
easat-8672	118	8	the	the	DET
easat-8672	118	9	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	118	10	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	118	11	represented	represent	VERB
easat-8672	118	12	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	118	13	a	a	DET
easat-8672	118	14	node	node	NOUN
easat-8672	118	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	118	16	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	118	17	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	118	18	calls	call	VERB
easat-8672	118	19	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	118	20	one	one	NUM
easat-8672	118	21	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	118	22	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	118	23	another	another	DET
easat-8672	118	24	serve	serve	NOUN
easat-8672	118	25	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	118	26	edges	edge	NOUN
easat-8672	118	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	118	28	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-8672	118	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	118	30	within	within	ADP
easat-8672	118	31	the	the	DET
easat-8672	118	32	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	118	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	118	34	following	follow	VERB
easat-8672	118	35	the	the	DET
easat-8672	118	36	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	118	37	outlined	outline	VERB
easat-8672	118	38	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	118	39	ward	ward	NOUN
easat-8672	118	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	118	41	et	et	PROPN
easat-8672	118	42	al	al	PROPN
easat-8672	118	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	119	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	119	2	18	18	NUM
easat-8672	119	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	119	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	120	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	120	2	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	120	3	captures	capture	VERB
easat-8672	120	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	120	5	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	120	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	120	7	semantic	semantic	ADJ
easat-8672	120	8	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-8672	120	9	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	120	10	functions	function	NOUN
easat-8672	120	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	120	12	enabling	enable	VERB
easat-8672	120	13	a	a	DET
easat-8672	120	14	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-8672	120	15	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-8672	120	16	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	120	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	120	18	program	program	NOUN
easat-8672	120	19	's	's	PART
easat-8672	120	20	behavior	behavior	NOUN
easat-8672	120	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	121	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	121	2	ast	ast	NOUN
easat-8672	121	3	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
easat-8672	121	4	a	a	DET
easat-8672	121	5	systematic	systematic	ADJ
easat-8672	121	6	decomposition	decomposition	NOUN
easat-8672	121	7	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	121	8	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	121	9	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	121	10	into	into	ADP
easat-8672	121	11	a	a	DET
easat-8672	121	12	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	121	13	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-8672	121	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	121	15	allowing	allow	VERB
easat-8672	121	16	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	121	17	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-8672	121	18	parsing	parsing	NOUN
easat-8672	121	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	121	20	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	121	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	122	1	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	122	2	transforming	transform	VERB
easat-8672	122	3	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	122	4	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	122	5	into	into	ADP
easat-8672	122	6	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	122	7	form	form	NOUN
easat-8672	122	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	122	9	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	122	10	becomes	become	VERB
easat-8672	122	11	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-8672	122	12	input	input	NOUN
easat-8672	122	13	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	122	14	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	122	15	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	122	16	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	122	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	122	18	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	122	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	122	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	122	21	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	122	22	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	122	23	leverage	leverage	VERB
easat-8672	122	24	topological	topological	ADJ
easat-8672	122	25	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	122	26	to	to	PART
easat-8672	122	27	detect	detect	VERB
easat-8672	122	28	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	122	29	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	122	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	123	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	123	2	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	123	3	ensures	ensure	VERB
easat-8672	123	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	123	5	both	both	CCONJ
easat-8672	123	6	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
easat-8672	123	7	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-8672	123	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	123	9	functional	functional	ADJ
easat-8672	123	10	interaction	interaction	NOUN
easat-8672	123	11	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	123	12	preserved	preserve	VERB
easat-8672	123	13	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	123	14	the	the	DET
easat-8672	123	15	modeling	modeling	NOUN
easat-8672	123	16	process	process	NOUN
easat-8672	123	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	124	1	3.3	3.3	NUM
easat-8672	124	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	125	1	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	125	2	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	125	3	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	125	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	125	5	generated	generate	VERB
easat-8672	125	6	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	125	7	call	call	NOUN
easat-8672	125	8	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	125	9	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	125	10	then	then	ADV
easat-8672	125	11	converted	convert	VERB
easat-8672	125	12	into	into	ADP
easat-8672	125	13	a	a	DET
easat-8672	125	14	format	format	NOUN
easat-8672	125	15	compatible	compatible	ADJ
easat-8672	125	16	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	125	17	pytorch	pytorch	NOUN
easat-8672	125	18	geometric	geometric	ADJ
easat-8672	125	19	to	to	PART
easat-8672	125	20	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-8672	125	21	the	the	DET
easat-8672	125	22	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	125	23	process	process	NOUN
easat-8672	125	24	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	125	25	the	the	DET
easat-8672	125	26	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	125	27	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	125	28	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	125	29	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	125	30	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	125	31	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	125	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	126	1	each	each	DET
easat-8672	126	2	node	node	NOUN
easat-8672	126	3	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	126	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	126	5	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	126	6	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	126	7	equipped	equip	VERB
easat-8672	126	8	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	126	9	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	126	10	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	126	11	represent	represent	VERB
easat-8672	126	12	the	the	DET
easat-8672	126	13	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	126	14	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	126	15	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	126	16	the	the	DET
easat-8672	126	17	corresponding	corresponding	ADJ
easat-8672	126	18	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	126	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	126	20	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	126	21	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	126	22	the	the	DET
easat-8672	126	23	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	126	24	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	126	25	calls	call	NOUN
easat-8672	126	26	made	make	VERB
easat-8672	126	27	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	126	28	the	the	DET
easat-8672	126	29	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	126	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	126	31	the	the	DET
easat-8672	126	32	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	126	33	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	126	34	parameters	parameter	NOUN
easat-8672	126	35	received	receive	VERB
easat-8672	126	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	126	37	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	126	38	the	the	DET
easat-8672	126	39	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	126	40	's	's	PART
easat-8672	126	41	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-8672	126	42	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	126	43	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	126	44	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-8672	126	45	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	126	46	[	[	X
easat-8672	126	47	25	25	NUM
easat-8672	126	48	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	126	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	127	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	127	2	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	127	3	provides	provide	VERB
easat-8672	127	4	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-8672	127	5	context	context	NOUN
easat-8672	127	6	for	for	SCONJ
easat-8672	127	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	127	8	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	127	9	to	to	PART
easat-8672	127	10	understand	understand	VERB
easat-8672	127	11	the	the	DET
easat-8672	127	12	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-8672	127	13	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	127	14	each	each	DET
easat-8672	127	15	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	127	16	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	127	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	127	18	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	127	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	127	20	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
easat-8672	127	21	improving	improve	VERB
easat-8672	127	22	the	the	DET
easat-8672	127	23	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	127	24	's	's	PART
easat-8672	127	25	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-8672	127	26	to	to	PART
easat-8672	127	27	accurately	accurately	ADV
easat-8672	127	28	detect	detect	VERB
easat-8672	127	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	127	30	classify	classify	VERB
easat-8672	127	31	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	127	32	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	127	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	128	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	128	2	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	128	3	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	128	4	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	128	5	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	128	6	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	128	7	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	128	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	128	9	used	use	VERB
easat-8672	128	10	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	128	11	this	this	DET
easat-8672	128	12	project	project	NOUN
easat-8672	128	13	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	128	14	the	the	DET
easat-8672	128	15	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	128	16	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-8672	128	17	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	128	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	128	19	gcn	gcn	NOUN
easat-8672	128	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	128	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	128	22	specifically	specifically	ADV
easat-8672	128	23	designed	design	VERB
easat-8672	128	24	to	to	PART
easat-8672	128	25	work	work	VERB
easat-8672	128	26	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	128	27	directed	direct	VERB
easat-8672	128	28	graphs	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	128	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	128	30	where	where	SCONJ
easat-8672	128	31	the	the	DET
easat-8672	128	32	direction	direction	NOUN
easat-8672	128	33	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	128	34	each	each	DET
easat-8672	128	35	edge	edge	NOUN
easat-8672	128	36	plays	play	VERB
easat-8672	128	37	a	a	DET
easat-8672	128	38	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-8672	128	39	role	role	NOUN
easat-8672	128	40	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	128	41	defining	define	VERB
easat-8672	128	42	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-8672	128	43	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	128	44	nodes	node	NOUN
easat-8672	128	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	129	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-8672	129	2	3	3	NUM
easat-8672	129	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
easat-8672	129	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	129	5	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-8672	129	6	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	129	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	129	8	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	129	9	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	129	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	129	11	showing	show	VERB
easat-8672	129	12	how	how	SCONJ
easat-8672	129	13	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	129	14	data	data	NOUN
easat-8672	129	15	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	129	16	processed	process	VERB
easat-8672	129	17	through	through	ADP
easat-8672	129	18	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-8672	129	19	hidden	hide	VERB
easat-8672	129	20	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-8672	129	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	130	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	130	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	130	3	employs	employ	VERB
easat-8672	130	4	three	three	NUM
easat-8672	130	5	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-8672	130	6	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-8672	130	7	to	to	PART
easat-8672	130	8	process	process	VERB
easat-8672	130	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	130	10	analyze	analyze	VERB
easat-8672	130	11	data	datum	NOUN
easat-8672	130	12	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	130	13	the	the	DET
easat-8672	130	14	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	130	15	call	call	NOUN
easat-8672	130	16	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	130	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	130	18	fcg	fcg	PROPN
easat-8672	130	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	130	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	130	21	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	130	22	represents	represent	VERB
easat-8672	130	23	each	each	DET
easat-8672	130	24	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	130	25	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	130	26	the	the	DET
easat-8672	130	27	program	program	NOUN
easat-8672	130	28	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	130	29	a	a	DET
easat-8672	130	30	node	node	NOUN
easat-8672	130	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	130	32	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	130	33	edges	edge	NOUN
easat-8672	130	34	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-8672	130	35	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	130	36	calls	call	NOUN
easat-8672	130	37	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	130	38	functions	function	NOUN
easat-8672	130	39	[	[	X
easat-8672	130	40	26	26	NUM
easat-8672	130	41	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	130	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	131	1	572	572	NUM
easat-8672	131	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	131	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	131	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	131	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	131	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	131	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	131	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	131	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	131	10	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	131	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	131	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	131	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	132	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	132	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	132	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	132	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	132	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	132	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	132	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	132	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	132	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	132	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	132	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	132	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	132	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	132	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	132	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	132	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	132	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	132	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	132	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	132	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	132	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	132	22	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	132	23	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-8672	132	24	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-8672	132	25	3	3	NUM
easat-8672	132	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	133	1	graph	graph	VERB
easat-8672	133	2	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	133	3	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	133	4	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-8672	133	5	showing	show	VERB
easat-8672	133	6	input	input	NOUN
easat-8672	133	7	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-8672	133	8	through	through	ADP
easat-8672	133	9	hidden	hidden	ADJ
easat-8672	133	10	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-8672	133	11	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	133	12	relu	relu	NOUN
easat-8672	133	13	activation	activation	NOUN
easat-8672	133	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	134	1	3.2.1	3.2.1	NUM
easat-8672	134	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	134	3	 	 	SPACE
easat-8672	134	4	message	message	NOUN
easat-8672	134	5	passing	passing	NOUN
easat-8672	134	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	134	7	node	node	ADJ
easat-8672	134	8	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	134	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	134	10	core	core	NOUN
easat-8672	134	11	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
easat-8672	134	12	behind	behind	ADP
easat-8672	134	13	gnns	gnns	NOUN
easat-8672	134	14	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	134	15	message	message	NOUN
easat-8672	134	16	passing	passing	NOUN
easat-8672	134	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	135	1	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	135	2	this	this	DET
easat-8672	135	3	process	process	NOUN
easat-8672	135	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	135	5	each	each	DET
easat-8672	135	6	node	node	NOUN
easat-8672	135	7	updates	update	VERB
easat-8672	135	8	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	135	9	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	135	10	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	135	11	receiving	receive	VERB
easat-8672	135	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	135	13	aggregating	aggregate	VERB
easat-8672	135	14	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	135	15	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	135	16	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	135	17	neighboring	neighboring	NOUN
easat-8672	135	18	nodes	node	NOUN
easat-8672	135	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	136	1	this	this	PRON
easat-8672	136	2	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	136	3	done	do	VERB
easat-8672	136	4	iteratively	iteratively	ADV
easat-8672	136	5	across	across	ADP
easat-8672	136	6	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-8672	136	7	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-8672	136	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	136	9	allowing	allow	VERB
easat-8672	136	10	a	a	DET
easat-8672	136	11	node	node	NOUN
easat-8672	136	12	to	to	PART
easat-8672	136	13	gradually	gradually	ADV
easat-8672	136	14	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
easat-8672	136	15	more	more	ADJ
easat-8672	136	16	context	context	NOUN
easat-8672	136	17	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	136	18	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	136	19	surrounding	surround	VERB
easat-8672	136	20	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
easat-8672	136	21	[	[	X
easat-8672	136	22	27	27	NUM
easat-8672	136	23	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	136	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	137	1	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	137	2	a	a	DET
easat-8672	137	3	result	result	NOUN
easat-8672	137	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	137	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	137	6	final	final	ADJ
easat-8672	137	7	node	node	ADJ
easat-8672	137	8	embeddings	embedding	NOUN
easat-8672	137	9	encode	encode	VERB
easat-8672	137	10	not	not	PART
easat-8672	137	11	only	only	ADV
easat-8672	137	12	the	the	DET
easat-8672	137	13	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	137	14	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	137	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	137	16	node	node	NOUN
easat-8672	137	17	itself	itself	PRON
easat-8672	137	18	but	but	CCONJ
easat-8672	137	19	also	also	ADV
easat-8672	137	20	the	the	DET
easat-8672	137	21	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-8672	137	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	137	23	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	137	24	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	137	25	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	137	26	neighborhood	neighborhood	NOUN
easat-8672	137	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	138	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	138	2	iterative	iterative	NOUN
easat-8672	138	3	aggregation	aggregation	NOUN
easat-8672	138	4	enables	enable	VERB
easat-8672	138	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	138	6	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	138	7	to	to	PART
easat-8672	138	8	learn	learn	VERB
easat-8672	138	9	how	how	SCONJ
easat-8672	138	10	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	138	11	flows	flow	VERB
easat-8672	138	12	through	through	ADP
easat-8672	138	13	the	the	DET
easat-8672	138	14	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	138	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	138	16	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	138	17	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	138	18	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-8672	138	19	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	138	20	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-8672	138	21	like	like	ADP
easat-8672	138	22	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-8672	138	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	138	24	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-8672	138	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	138	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	138	27	anomaly	anomaly	NOUN
easat-8672	138	28	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	138	29	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	138	30	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	138	31	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	138	32	structured	structure	VERB
easat-8672	138	33	data	datum	NOUN
easat-8672	138	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	139	1	3.2.2	3.2.2	NUM
easat-8672	139	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	139	3	 	 	SPACE
easat-8672	139	4	graph	graph	VERB
easat-8672	139	5	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-8672	139	6	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	139	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	139	8	gcns	gcns	PROPN
easat-8672	139	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	139	10	one	one	NUM
easat-8672	139	11	widely	widely	ADV
easat-8672	139	12	adopted	adopt	VERB
easat-8672	139	13	variant	variant	NOUN
easat-8672	139	14	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	139	15	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	139	16	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	139	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	139	18	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	139	19	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-8672	139	20	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	139	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	139	22	gcn	gcn	NOUN
easat-8672	139	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	139	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	140	1	gcns	gcns	PROPN
easat-8672	140	2	apply	apply	VERB
easat-8672	140	3	a	a	DET
easat-8672	140	4	form	form	NOUN
easat-8672	140	5	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	140	6	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	140	7	convolution	convolution	NOUN
easat-8672	140	8	where	where	SCONJ
easat-8672	140	9	each	each	DET
easat-8672	140	10	node	node	NOUN
easat-8672	140	11	's	's	PART
easat-8672	140	12	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	140	13	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	140	14	updated	update	VERB
easat-8672	140	15	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	140	16	combining	combine	VERB
easat-8672	140	17	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	140	18	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	140	19	normalized	normalized	ADJ
easat-8672	140	20	contributions	contribution	NOUN
easat-8672	140	21	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	140	22	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	140	23	neighbors	neighbor	NOUN
easat-8672	140	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	141	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
easat-8672	141	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	141	3	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-8672	141	4	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-8672	141	5	used	use	VERB
easat-8672	141	6	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	141	7	image	image	NOUN
easat-8672	141	8	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-8672	141	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	141	10	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	141	11	convolution	convolution	NOUN
easat-8672	141	12	operates	operate	VERB
easat-8672	141	13	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	141	14	irregular	irregular	ADJ
easat-8672	141	15	structures	structure	NOUN
easat-8672	141	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	141	17	does	do	AUX
easat-8672	141	18	not	not	PART
easat-8672	141	19	require	require	VERB
easat-8672	141	20	a	a	DET
easat-8672	141	21	fixed	fix	VERB
easat-8672	141	22	grid	grid	NOUN
easat-8672	141	23	layout	layout	NOUN
easat-8672	141	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	142	1	gcns	gcns	PROPN
easat-8672	142	2	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	142	3	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-8672	142	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	142	5	scalable	scalable	ADJ
easat-8672	142	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	142	7	making	make	VERB
easat-8672	142	8	them	they	PRON
easat-8672	142	9	suitable	suitable	ADJ
easat-8672	142	10	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	142	11	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	142	12	graphs	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	142	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	143	1	they	they	PRON
easat-8672	143	2	also	also	ADV
easat-8672	143	3	maintain	maintain	VERB
easat-8672	143	4	permutation	permutation	NOUN
easat-8672	143	5	invariance	invariance	NOUN
easat-8672	143	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	143	7	meaning	mean	VERB
easat-8672	143	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	143	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	143	10	order	order	NOUN
easat-8672	143	11	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	143	12	the	the	DET
easat-8672	143	13	nodes	node	NOUN
easat-8672	143	14	does	do	AUX
easat-8672	143	15	not	not	PART
easat-8672	143	16	affect	affect	VERB
easat-8672	143	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	143	18	result	result	NOUN
easat-8672	143	19	—	—	PUNCT
easat-8672	143	20	a	a	DET
easat-8672	143	21	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-8672	143	22	property	property	NOUN
easat-8672	143	23	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	143	24	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	143	25	data	datum	NOUN
easat-8672	143	26	[	[	X
easat-8672	143	27	28	28	NUM
easat-8672	143	28	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	143	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	144	1	3.2.3	3.2.3	X
easat-8672	144	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	144	3	 	 	SPACE
easat-8672	144	4	output	output	NOUN
easat-8672	144	5	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	144	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	144	7	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	144	8	objectives	objective	NOUN
easat-8672	144	9	depending	depend	VERB
easat-8672	144	10	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	144	11	the	the	DET
easat-8672	144	12	task	task	NOUN
easat-8672	144	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	144	14	gnns	gnns	PROPN
easat-8672	144	15	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	144	16	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	144	17	used	use	VERB
easat-8672	144	18	to	to	PART
easat-8672	144	19	produce	produce	VERB
easat-8672	144	20	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	144	21	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	144	22	the	the	DET
easat-8672	144	23	node	node	ADJ
easat-8672	144	24	level	level	NOUN
easat-8672	144	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	144	26	edge	edge	NOUN
easat-8672	144	27	level	level	NOUN
easat-8672	144	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	144	29	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	144	30	whole	whole	ADJ
easat-8672	144	31	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	144	32	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	144	33	level	level	NOUN
easat-8672	144	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	145	1	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	145	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-8672	145	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	145	4	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	145	5	node	node	NOUN
easat-8672	145	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	145	7	level	level	NOUN
easat-8672	145	8	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-8672	145	9	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	145	10	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	145	11	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	145	12	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	145	13	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	145	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	145	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	145	16	final	final	ADJ
easat-8672	145	17	output	output	NOUN
easat-8672	145	18	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	145	19	each	each	DET
easat-8672	145	20	node	node	NOUN
easat-8672	145	21	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	145	22	passed	pass	VERB
easat-8672	145	23	through	through	ADP
easat-8672	145	24	a	a	DET
easat-8672	145	25	classifier	classifier	NOUN
easat-8672	145	26	to	to	PART
easat-8672	145	27	determine	determine	VERB
easat-8672	145	28	whether	whether	SCONJ
easat-8672	145	29	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	145	30	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
easat-8672	145	31	certain	certain	ADJ
easat-8672	145	32	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-8672	145	33	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	145	34	anomalies	anomaly	NOUN
easat-8672	145	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	146	1	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	146	2	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	146	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	146	4	level	level	NOUN
easat-8672	146	5	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-8672	146	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	146	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	146	8	node	node	ADJ
easat-8672	146	9	embeddings	embedding	NOUN
easat-8672	146	10	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	146	11	aggregated	aggregate	VERB
easat-8672	146	12	into	into	ADP
easat-8672	146	13	a	a	DET
easat-8672	146	14	single	single	ADJ
easat-8672	146	15	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	146	16	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	146	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	146	18	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	146	19	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	146	20	then	then	ADV
easat-8672	146	21	used	use	VERB
easat-8672	146	22	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	146	23	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-8672	146	24	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	146	25	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-8672	146	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	147	1	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	147	2	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	147	3	typically	typically	ADV
easat-8672	147	4	done	do	VERB
easat-8672	147	5	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	147	6	supervised	supervised	ADJ
easat-8672	147	7	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	147	8	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	147	9	labeled	label	VERB
easat-8672	147	10	data	datum	NOUN
easat-8672	147	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	147	12	where	where	SCONJ
easat-8672	147	13	the	the	DET
easat-8672	147	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	147	15	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	147	16	optimized	optimize	VERB
easat-8672	147	17	to	to	PART
easat-8672	147	18	minimize	minimize	VERB
easat-8672	147	19	the	the	DET
easat-8672	147	20	difference	difference	NOUN
easat-8672	147	21	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	147	22	predicted	predict	VERB
easat-8672	147	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	147	24	actual	actual	ADJ
easat-8672	147	25	labels	label	NOUN
easat-8672	147	26	[	[	X
easat-8672	147	27	29	29	NUM
easat-8672	147	28	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	147	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	148	1	3.4	3.4	NUM
easat-8672	148	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	149	1	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	149	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	149	3	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	149	4	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-8672	149	5	4	4	NUM
easat-8672	149	6	presents	present	VERB
easat-8672	149	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	149	8	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	149	9	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-8672	149	10	over	over	ADP
easat-8672	149	11	time	time	NOUN
easat-8672	149	12	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	149	13	four	four	NUM
easat-8672	149	14	different	different	ADJ
easat-8672	149	15	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	149	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	149	17	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	149	18	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	149	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	149	20	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	149	21	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	149	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	149	23	odoo	odoo	ADJ
easat-8672	149	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	149	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	149	26	erpnext	erpnext	NOUN
easat-8672	149	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	150	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	150	2	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	150	3	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	150	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	150	5	a	a	NOUN
easat-8672	150	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	150	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	150	8	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	150	9	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	150	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	150	11	b	b	NOUN
easat-8672	150	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	150	13	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	150	14	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	150	15	binary	binary	ADJ
easat-8672	150	16	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-8672	150	17	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-8672	150	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	150	19	where	where	SCONJ
easat-8672	150	20	the	the	DET
easat-8672	150	21	label	label	NOUN
easat-8672	150	22	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	150	23	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	150	24	if	if	SCONJ
easat-8672	150	25	the	the	DET
easat-8672	150	26	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	150	27	contains	contain	VERB
easat-8672	150	28	the	the	DET
easat-8672	150	29	corresponding	correspond	VERB
easat-8672	150	30	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	150	31	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	150	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	150	33	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	150	34	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	150	35	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	150	36	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	150	37	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	150	38	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	150	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	150	40	0	0	NUM
easat-8672	150	41	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
easat-8672	150	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	151	1	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	151	2	both	both	DET
easat-8672	151	3	cases	case	NOUN
easat-8672	151	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	151	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	151	6	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	151	7	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-8672	151	8	drops	drop	VERB
easat-8672	151	9	sharply	sharply	ADV
easat-8672	151	10	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	151	11	the	the	DET
easat-8672	151	12	early	early	ADJ
easat-8672	151	13	epochs	epoch	NOUN
easat-8672	151	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	151	15	quickly	quickly	ADV
easat-8672	151	16	stabilizes	stabilize	VERB
easat-8672	151	17	573	573	NUM
easat-8672	151	18	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	151	19	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	151	20	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	151	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	151	22	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	151	23	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	151	24	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	151	25	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	151	26	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	151	27	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	151	28	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	151	29	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	152	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	152	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	152	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	152	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	152	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	152	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	152	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	152	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	152	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	152	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	152	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	152	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	152	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	152	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	152	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	152	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	152	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	152	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	152	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	152	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	152	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	152	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	152	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	152	24	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	152	25	a	a	DET
easat-8672	152	26	low	low	ADJ
easat-8672	152	27	value	value	NOUN
easat-8672	152	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	152	29	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-8672	152	30	fast	fast	ADJ
easat-8672	152	31	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-8672	152	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	152	33	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-8672	152	34	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	152	35	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	152	36	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-8672	152	37	binary	binary	ADJ
easat-8672	152	38	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	152	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	153	1	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	153	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
easat-8672	153	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	153	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	153	5	odoo	odoo	NOUN
easat-8672	153	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	153	7	c	c	NOUN
easat-8672	153	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	153	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	153	10	erpnext	erpnext	ADJ
easat-8672	153	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	153	12	d	d	X
easat-8672	153	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	153	14	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	153	15	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	153	16	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-8672	153	17	-	-	ADJ
easat-8672	153	18	class	class	ADJ
easat-8672	153	19	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-8672	153	20	tasks	task	NOUN
easat-8672	153	21	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	153	22	four	four	NUM
easat-8672	153	23	classes	class	NOUN
easat-8672	153	24	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	153	25	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	153	26	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	153	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	153	28	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	153	29	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	153	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	153	31	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	153	32	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	153	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	153	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	153	35	no	no	DET
easat-8672	153	36	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	153	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	154	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	154	2	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	154	3	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-8672	154	4	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	154	5	these	these	DET
easat-8672	154	6	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	154	7	decreases	decrease	VERB
easat-8672	154	8	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	154	9	gradually	gradually	ADV
easat-8672	154	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	154	11	shows	show	VERB
easat-8672	154	12	more	more	ADJ
easat-8672	154	13	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
easat-8672	154	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	154	15	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-8672	154	16	higher	high	ADJ
easat-8672	154	17	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-8672	154	18	due	due	ADP
easat-8672	154	19	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	154	20	the	the	DET
easat-8672	154	21	increased	increase	VERB
easat-8672	154	22	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	154	23	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	154	24	classes	class	NOUN
easat-8672	154	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	154	26	greater	great	ADJ
easat-8672	154	27	variation	variation	NOUN
easat-8672	154	28	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	154	29	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	154	30	structure	structure	NOUN
easat-8672	154	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	155	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	155	2	a	a	X
easat-8672	155	3	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	155	4	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	155	5	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	155	6	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	155	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	155	8	b	b	NOUN
easat-8672	155	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	155	10	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	155	11	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	155	12	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	155	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	155	14	c	c	NOUN
easat-8672	155	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	155	16	odoo	odoo	NOUN
easat-8672	156	1	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	156	2	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	156	3	d	d	NOUN
easat-8672	156	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	156	5	erpnext	erpnext	NOUN
easat-8672	156	6	dataset	dataset	ADJ
easat-8672	156	7	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-8672	156	8	4	4	NUM
easat-8672	156	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	157	1	training	train	VERB
easat-8672	157	2	loss	loss	NOUN
easat-8672	157	3	over	over	ADP
easat-8672	157	4	time	time	NOUN
easat-8672	157	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	158	1	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-8672	158	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	159	1	5	5	NUM
easat-8672	159	2	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
easat-8672	159	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	159	4	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	159	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	159	6	wise	wise	ADJ
easat-8672	159	7	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	159	8	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	159	9	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	159	10	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-8672	159	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	159	12	across	across	ADP
easat-8672	159	13	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	159	14	epochs	epoch	NOUN
easat-8672	159	15	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	159	16	different	different	ADJ
easat-8672	159	17	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	159	18	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	159	19	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	159	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	160	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	160	2	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	160	3	shows	show	VERB
easat-8672	160	4	four	four	NUM
easat-8672	160	5	distinct	distinct	ADJ
easat-8672	160	6	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	160	7	curves	curve	NOUN
easat-8672	160	8	representing	represent	VERB
easat-8672	160	9	no	no	DET
easat-8672	160	10	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	160	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	160	12	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	160	13	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	160	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	160	15	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	160	16	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	160	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	160	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	160	19	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	160	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	160	21	categories	category	NOUN
easat-8672	160	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	161	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	161	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	161	3	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	161	4	rapid	rapid	ADJ
easat-8672	161	5	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-8672	161	6	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	161	7	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	161	8	during	during	ADP
easat-8672	161	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	161	10	first	first	ADJ
easat-8672	161	11	40	40	NUM
easat-8672	161	12	epochs	epoch	NOUN
easat-8672	161	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	161	14	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	161	15	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	161	16	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	161	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	161	18	red	red	ADJ
easat-8672	161	19	line	line	NOUN
easat-8672	161	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	161	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	161	22	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	161	23	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	161	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	161	25	green	green	ADJ
easat-8672	161	26	line	line	NOUN
easat-8672	161	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	161	28	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	161	29	showing	show	VERB
easat-8672	161	30	faster	fast	ADJ
easat-8672	161	31	convergence	convergence	NOUN
easat-8672	161	32	compared	compare	VERB
easat-8672	161	33	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	161	34	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	161	35	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	161	36	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	161	37	orange	orange	ADJ
easat-8672	161	38	line	line	NOUN
easat-8672	161	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	161	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	161	41	no	no	DET
easat-8672	161	42	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	161	43	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	161	44	blue	blue	ADJ
easat-8672	161	45	line	line	NOUN
easat-8672	161	46	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	161	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	162	1	this	this	PRON
easat-8672	162	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-8672	162	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	162	4	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	162	5	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	162	6	associated	associate	VERB
easat-8672	162	7	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	162	8	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	162	9	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	162	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	162	11	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	162	12	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	162	13	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	162	14	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	162	15	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
easat-8672	162	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	162	17	easier	easy	ADJ
easat-8672	162	18	for	for	SCONJ
easat-8672	162	19	the	the	DET
easat-8672	162	20	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	162	21	to	to	PART
easat-8672	162	22	recognize	recognize	VERB
easat-8672	162	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	163	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	163	2	no	no	DET
easat-8672	163	3	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	163	4	category	category	NOUN
easat-8672	163	5	requires	require	VERB
easat-8672	163	6	more	more	ADJ
easat-8672	163	7	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	163	8	epochs	epoch	NOUN
easat-8672	163	9	to	to	PART
easat-8672	163	10	reach	reach	VERB
easat-8672	163	11	high	high	ADJ
easat-8672	163	12	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	163	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	163	14	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-8672	163	15	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	163	16	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
easat-8672	163	17	clean	clean	ADJ
easat-8672	163	18	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	163	19	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	163	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	163	21	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	163	22	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	163	23	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	163	24	a	a	DET
easat-8672	163	25	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	163	26	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
easat-8672	163	27	task	task	NOUN
easat-8672	163	28	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	163	29	the	the	DET
easat-8672	163	30	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	163	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	164	1	574	574	NUM
easat-8672	164	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	164	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	164	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	164	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	164	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	164	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	164	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	164	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	164	10	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	164	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	164	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	164	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	165	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	165	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	165	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	165	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	165	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	165	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	165	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	165	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	165	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	165	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	165	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	165	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	165	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	165	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	165	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	165	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	165	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	165	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	165	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	165	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	165	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	165	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	165	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	165	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	165	25	a)erp	a)erp	PROPN
easat-8672	165	26	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	165	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	165	28	b)odoo	b)odoo	PROPN
easat-8672	165	29	dataset	dataset	PROPN
easat-8672	165	30	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-8672	165	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	166	1	5	5	X
easat-8672	166	2	.	.	X
easat-8672	166	3	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	166	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	166	5	wise	wise	ADJ
easat-8672	166	6	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	166	7	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	166	8	the	the	DET
easat-8672	166	9	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	166	10	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	166	11	across	across	ADP
easat-8672	166	12	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	166	13	epochs	epoch	NOUN
easat-8672	166	14	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	166	15	different	different	ADJ
easat-8672	166	16	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	166	17	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	166	18	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	166	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	167	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	167	2	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	167	3	process	process	NOUN
easat-8672	167	4	shows	show	VERB
easat-8672	167	5	some	some	DET
easat-8672	167	6	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
easat-8672	167	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	167	8	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-8672	167	9	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	167	10	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	167	11	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	167	12	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	167	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	167	14	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	167	15	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
easat-8672	167	16	occasional	occasional	ADJ
easat-8672	167	17	drops	drop	NOUN
easat-8672	167	18	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	167	19	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	167	20	even	even	ADV
easat-8672	167	21	after	after	ADP
easat-8672	167	22	epoch	epoch	PROPN
easat-8672	167	23	60	60	NUM
easat-8672	167	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	168	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	168	2	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
easat-8672	168	3	may	may	AUX
easat-8672	168	4	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	168	5	attributed	attribute	VERB
easat-8672	168	6	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	168	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	168	8	relative	relative	ADJ
easat-8672	168	9	scarcity	scarcity	NOUN
easat-8672	168	10	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	168	11	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	168	12	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	168	13	instances	instance	NOUN
easat-8672	168	14	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	168	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	168	16	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	168	17	data	datum	NOUN
easat-8672	168	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	169	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
easat-8672	169	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	169	3	all	all	DET
easat-8672	169	4	categories	category	NOUN
easat-8672	169	5	eventually	eventually	ADV
easat-8672	169	6	achieve	achieve	VERB
easat-8672	169	7	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	169	8	above	above	ADP
easat-8672	169	9	95	95	NUM
easat-8672	169	10	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	169	11	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	169	12	the	the	DET
easat-8672	169	13	end	end	NOUN
easat-8672	169	14	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	169	15	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	169	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	169	17	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	169	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	169	19	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-8672	169	20	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	169	21	the	the	DET
easat-8672	169	22	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	169	23	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	169	24	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	169	25	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	169	26	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	169	27	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	169	28	[	[	X
easat-8672	169	29	30	30	NUM
easat-8672	169	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	169	31	31	31	NUM
easat-8672	169	32	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	169	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	170	1	4	4	X
easat-8672	170	2	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	170	3	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	170	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	170	5	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-8672	170	6	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	170	7	this	this	DET
easat-8672	170	8	section	section	NOUN
easat-8672	170	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	170	10	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	170	11	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	170	12	explained	explain	VERB
easat-8672	170	13	the	the	DET
easat-8672	170	14	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	170	15	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	170	16	the	the	DET
easat-8672	170	17	research	research	NOUN
easat-8672	170	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	170	19	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	170	20	the	the	DET
easat-8672	170	21	same	same	ADJ
easat-8672	170	22	time	time	NOUN
easat-8672	170	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	170	24	a	a	DET
easat-8672	170	25	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-8672	170	26	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-8672	170	27	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	170	28	provided	provide	VERB
easat-8672	170	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	171	1	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	171	2	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	171	3	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	171	4	presented	present	VERB
easat-8672	171	5	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	171	6	figures	figure	NOUN
easat-8672	171	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	171	8	graphs	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	171	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	171	10	tables	table	NOUN
easat-8672	171	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	171	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	171	13	other	other	ADJ
easat-8672	171	14	formats	format	NOUN
easat-8672	171	15	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	171	16	make	make	VERB
easat-8672	171	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	171	18	reader	reader	NOUN
easat-8672	171	19	understand	understand	VERB
easat-8672	171	20	easily	easily	ADV
easat-8672	171	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	172	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	172	2	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-8672	172	3	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	172	4	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	172	5	made	make	VERB
easat-8672	172	6	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	172	7	several	several	ADJ
easat-8672	172	8	sub	sub	NOUN
easat-8672	172	9	-	-	NOUN
easat-8672	172	10	sections	section	NOUN
easat-8672	172	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	173	1	4.1	4.1	NUM
easat-8672	173	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	173	3	comparative	comparative	ADJ
easat-8672	173	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	173	5	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	173	6	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-8672	173	7	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	173	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	173	9	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	173	10	the	the	DET
easat-8672	173	11	experimental	experimental	ADJ
easat-8672	173	12	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	173	13	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	173	14	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	173	15	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	173	16	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	173	17	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	173	18	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-8672	173	19	outperforms	outperform	VERB
easat-8672	173	20	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	173	21	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	173	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	173	23	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	173	24	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	173	25	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	173	26	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	173	27	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	173	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	174	1	tables	table	NOUN
easat-8672	174	2	3	3	NUM
easat-8672	174	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	174	4	4	4	NUM
easat-8672	174	5	present	present	VERB
easat-8672	174	6	a	a	DET
easat-8672	174	7	comparative	comparative	ADJ
easat-8672	174	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	174	9	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	174	10	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	174	11	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	174	12	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	174	13	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	174	14	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	174	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	174	16	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	174	17	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	174	18	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	174	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	174	20	respectively	respectively	ADV
easat-8672	174	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	1	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	175	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-8672	175	3	compares	compare	VERB
easat-8672	175	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	175	5	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	175	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	175	7	against	against	ADP
easat-8672	175	8	several	several	ADJ
easat-8672	175	9	established	establish	VERB
easat-8672	175	10	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	175	11	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	175	12	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-8672	175	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	14	including	include	VERB
easat-8672	175	15	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	175	16	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	175	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	18	random	random	ADJ
easat-8672	175	19	forest	forest	NOUN
easat-8672	175	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	21	support	support	NOUN
easat-8672	175	22	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-8672	175	23	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	175	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	25	svm	svm	PROPN
easat-8672	175	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	28	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
easat-8672	175	29	gradient	gradient	ADJ
easat-8672	175	30	descent	descent	NOUN
easat-8672	175	31	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	32	sgd	sgd	PROPN
easat-8672	175	33	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	35	multilayer	multilayer	PROPN
easat-8672	175	36	perceptron	perceptron	PROPN
easat-8672	175	37	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	38	mlp	mlp	PROPN
easat-8672	175	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	175	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	175	42	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-8672	175	43	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-8672	175	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	176	1	each	each	DET
easat-8672	176	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	176	3	was	be	AUX
easat-8672	176	4	trained	train	VERB
easat-8672	176	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	176	6	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
easat-8672	176	7	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	176	8	identical	identical	ADJ
easat-8672	176	9	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	176	10	to	to	PART
easat-8672	176	11	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-8672	176	12	a	a	DET
easat-8672	176	13	fair	fair	ADJ
easat-8672	176	14	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-8672	176	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	177	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	177	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	177	3	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	177	4	rely	rely	VERB
easat-8672	177	5	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	177	6	manually	manually	ADV
easat-8672	177	7	extracted	extract	VERB
easat-8672	177	8	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	177	9	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	177	10	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	177	11	lines	line	NOUN
easat-8672	177	12	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	177	13	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	177	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	177	15	loc	loc	NOUN
easat-8672	177	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	177	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	177	18	logical	logical	ADJ
easat-8672	177	19	lines	line	NOUN
easat-8672	177	20	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	177	21	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	177	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	177	23	lloc	lloc	NOUN
easat-8672	177	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	177	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	177	26	comment	comment	NOUN
easat-8672	177	27	density	density	NOUN
easat-8672	177	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	177	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	177	30	cyclomatic	cyclomatic	ADJ
easat-8672	177	31	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-8672	177	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	177	33	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	177	34	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	177	35	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-8672	177	36	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	177	37	leverages	leverage	VERB
easat-8672	177	38	the	the	DET
easat-8672	177	39	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	177	40	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	177	41	encoded	encode	VERB
easat-8672	177	42	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	177	43	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	177	44	call	call	NOUN
easat-8672	177	45	graphs	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	177	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	178	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	178	2	33	33	NUM
easat-8672	178	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	178	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	179	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	179	2	key	key	ADJ
easat-8672	179	3	advantage	advantage	NOUN
easat-8672	179	4	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	179	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	179	6	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	179	7	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	179	8	lies	lie	VERB
easat-8672	179	9	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	179	10	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	179	11	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-8672	179	12	to	to	PART
easat-8672	179	13	automatically	automatically	ADV
easat-8672	179	14	learn	learn	VERB
easat-8672	179	15	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-8672	179	16	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	179	17	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	179	18	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	179	19	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	179	20	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	179	21	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	179	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	179	23	thereby	thereby	ADV
easat-8672	179	24	capturing	capture	VERB
easat-8672	179	25	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-8672	179	26	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-8672	179	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	179	28	dependencies	dependency	NOUN
easat-8672	179	29	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	179	30	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	179	31	difficult	difficult	ADJ
easat-8672	179	32	to	to	PART
easat-8672	179	33	express	express	VERB
easat-8672	179	34	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	179	35	explicit	explicit	ADJ
easat-8672	179	36	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	179	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	180	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	180	2	capability	capability	NOUN
easat-8672	180	3	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	180	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-8672	180	5	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-8672	180	6	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	180	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	180	8	context	context	NOUN
easat-8672	180	9	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	180	10	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	180	11	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	180	12	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	180	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	180	14	where	where	SCONJ
easat-8672	180	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	180	16	presence	presence	NOUN
easat-8672	180	17	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	180	18	a	a	DET
easat-8672	180	19	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	180	20	often	often	ADV
easat-8672	180	21	depends	depend	VERB
easat-8672	180	22	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	180	23	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	180	24	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	180	25	rather	rather	ADV
easat-8672	180	26	than	than	ADP
easat-8672	180	27	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-8672	180	28	metric	metric	ADJ
easat-8672	180	29	thresholds	threshold	NOUN
easat-8672	180	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	181	1	4.1.1	4.1.1	X
easat-8672	181	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	181	3	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	181	4	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	181	5	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	181	6	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	181	7	as	as	SCONJ
easat-8672	181	8	shown	show	VERB
easat-8672	181	9	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	181	10	table	table	NOUN
easat-8672	181	11	3	3	NUM
easat-8672	181	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	181	13	the	the	DET
easat-8672	181	14	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	181	15	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	181	16	achieves	achieve	VERB
easat-8672	181	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	181	18	highest	high	ADJ
easat-8672	181	19	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	181	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	181	21	96.3	96.3	NUM
easat-8672	181	22	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	181	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	181	24	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	181	25	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	181	26	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	181	27	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	181	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	181	29	surpassing	surpass	VERB
easat-8672	181	30	all	all	DET
easat-8672	181	31	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	181	32	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	181	33	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	181	34	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	181	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	182	1	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	182	2	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	182	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	182	4	95.9	95.9	NUM
easat-8672	182	5	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	182	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	182	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	182	8	random	random	ADJ
easat-8672	182	9	forest	forest	NOUN
easat-8672	182	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	182	11	95.5	95.5	NUM
easat-8672	182	12	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	182	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	182	14	perform	perform	VERB
easat-8672	182	15	relatively	relatively	ADV
easat-8672	182	16	well	well	ADV
easat-8672	182	17	but	but	CCONJ
easat-8672	182	18	still	still	ADV
easat-8672	182	19	fall	fall	VERB
easat-8672	182	20	short	short	ADV
easat-8672	182	21	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	182	22	the	the	DET
easat-8672	182	23	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-8672	182	24	's	's	PART
easat-8672	182	25	capability	capability	NOUN
easat-8672	182	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	183	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	183	2	superior	superior	ADJ
easat-8672	183	3	575	575	NUM
easat-8672	183	4	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	183	5	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	183	6	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	183	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	183	8	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	183	9	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	183	10	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	183	11	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	183	12	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	183	13	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	183	14	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	183	15	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	184	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	184	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	184	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	184	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	184	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	184	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	184	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	184	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	184	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	184	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	184	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	184	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	184	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	184	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	184	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	184	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	184	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	184	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	184	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	184	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	184	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	184	22	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	184	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	184	24	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	184	25	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	184	26	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	184	27	attributed	attribute	VERB
easat-8672	184	28	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	184	29	the	the	DET
easat-8672	184	30	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-8672	184	31	's	's	PART
easat-8672	184	32	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-8672	184	33	to	to	PART
easat-8672	184	34	capture	capture	VERB
easat-8672	184	35	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	184	36	dependencies	dependency	NOUN
easat-8672	184	37	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	184	38	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	184	39	through	through	ADP
easat-8672	184	40	the	the	DET
easat-8672	184	41	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	184	42	call	call	NOUN
easat-8672	184	43	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	184	44	representation	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	184	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	184	46	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	184	47	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	184	48	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-8672	184	49	important	important	ADJ
easat-8672	184	50	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	184	51	identifying	identify	VERB
easat-8672	184	52	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	184	53	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	184	54	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	184	55	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	185	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-8672	185	2	3	3	NUM
easat-8672	185	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	185	4	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	185	5	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	185	6	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	185	7	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	185	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	185	9	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	185	10	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	185	11	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	185	12	vs.	vs.	ADP
easat-8672	185	13	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-8672	185	14	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	185	15	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	185	16	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	185	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	186	1	research	research	NOUN
easat-8672	186	2	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	186	3	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	186	4	sandouka	sandouka	VERB
easat-8672	186	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	186	6	aljamaan	aljamaan	VERB
easat-8672	187	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	187	2	6	6	NUM
easat-8672	187	3	]	]	ADJ
easat-8672	187	4	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	187	5	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	187	6	95.9	95.9	NUM
easat-8672	187	7	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	187	8	random	random	ADJ
easat-8672	187	9	forest	forest	NOUN
easat-8672	187	10	95.5	95.5	NUM
easat-8672	187	11	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	187	12	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-8672	187	13	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-8672	187	14	85.3	85.3	NUM
easat-8672	187	15	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	187	16	support	support	NOUN
easat-8672	187	17	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-8672	187	18	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	187	19	93.7	93.7	NUM
easat-8672	187	20	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	187	21	multilayer	multilayer	NOUN
easat-8672	187	22	perceptron	perceptron	PROPN
easat-8672	187	23	90.2	90.2	NUM
easat-8672	187	24	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	187	25	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
easat-8672	187	26	gradient	gradient	ADJ
easat-8672	187	27	descent	descent	NOUN
easat-8672	187	28	90.9	90.9	NUM
easat-8672	187	29	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	187	30	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-8672	187	31	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	187	32	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	187	33	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	187	34	96.3	96.3	NUM
easat-8672	187	35	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	187	36	4.1.2	4.1.2	NUM
easat-8672	187	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	187	38	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	187	39	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	187	40	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	187	41	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	187	42	table	table	NOUN
easat-8672	187	43	4	4	NUM
easat-8672	187	44	presents	present	VERB
easat-8672	187	45	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-8672	187	46	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-8672	187	47	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	187	48	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	187	49	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	187	50	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	187	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	187	52	where	where	SCONJ
easat-8672	187	53	the	the	DET
easat-8672	187	54	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	187	55	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	187	56	again	again	ADV
easat-8672	187	57	achieves	achieve	VERB
easat-8672	187	58	the	the	DET
easat-8672	187	59	highest	high	ADJ
easat-8672	187	60	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	187	61	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	187	62	95.2	95.2	NUM
easat-8672	187	63	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	187	64	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	188	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
easat-8672	188	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	188	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	188	4	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	188	5	gap	gap	NOUN
easat-8672	188	6	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	188	7	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	188	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	188	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	188	10	best	good	ADJ
easat-8672	188	11	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	188	12	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	188	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	188	14	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
easat-8672	188	15	gradient	gradient	ADJ
easat-8672	188	16	descent	descent	NOUN
easat-8672	188	17	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	188	18	94.4	94.4	NUM
easat-8672	188	19	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	188	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	188	21	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	188	22	smaller	small	ADJ
easat-8672	188	23	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	188	24	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	188	25	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	188	26	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	188	27	compared	compare	VERB
easat-8672	188	28	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	188	29	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	188	30	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	188	31	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	188	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	189	1	this	this	PRON
easat-8672	189	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-8672	189	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	189	4	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	189	5	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	189	6	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	189	7	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	189	8	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-8672	189	9	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	189	10	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	189	11	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	189	12	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	189	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	189	14	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	189	15	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	189	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	189	17	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	189	18	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	189	19	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	189	20	still	still	ADV
easat-8672	189	21	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	189	22	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-8672	189	23	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	189	24	this	this	DET
easat-8672	189	25	particular	particular	ADJ
easat-8672	189	26	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	189	27	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	189	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	190	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	190	2	relatively	relatively	ADV
easat-8672	190	3	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-8672	190	4	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	190	5	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	190	6	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	190	7	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	190	8	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	190	9	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	190	10	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	190	11	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	190	12	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	190	13	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	190	14	explained	explain	VERB
easat-8672	190	15	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	190	16	the	the	DET
easat-8672	190	17	fact	fact	NOUN
easat-8672	190	18	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	190	19	this	this	DET
easat-8672	190	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	190	21	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	190	22	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	190	23	often	often	ADV
easat-8672	190	24	characterized	characterize	VERB
easat-8672	190	25	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	190	26	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ
easat-8672	190	27	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	190	28	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	190	29	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	190	30	the	the	DET
easat-8672	190	31	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	190	32	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	190	33	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	190	34	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	190	35	lines	line	NOUN
easat-8672	190	36	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	190	37	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	190	38	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	190	39	a	a	DET
easat-8672	190	40	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	190	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	191	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
easat-8672	191	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	191	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	191	4	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	191	5	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	191	6	's	's	PART
easat-8672	191	7	superior	superior	ADJ
easat-8672	191	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	191	9	highlights	highlight	VERB
easat-8672	191	10	the	the	DET
easat-8672	191	11	value	value	NOUN
easat-8672	191	12	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	191	13	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-8672	191	14	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	191	15	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	191	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	191	17	even	even	ADV
easat-8672	191	18	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	191	19	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	191	20	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	191	21	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	191	22	have	have	VERB
easat-8672	191	23	a	a	DET
easat-8672	191	24	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-8672	191	25	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-8672	191	26	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	191	27	simple	simple	ADJ
easat-8672	191	28	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	191	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	192	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-8672	192	2	4	4	NUM
easat-8672	192	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	193	1	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	193	2	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	193	3	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	193	4	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	193	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	193	6	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	193	7	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	193	8	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	193	9	vs.	vs.	ADP
easat-8672	193	10	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-8672	193	11	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	193	12	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	193	13	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	193	14	research	research	NOUN
easat-8672	193	15	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	193	16	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	193	17	sandouka	sandouka	VERB
easat-8672	193	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	193	19	aljamaan	aljamaan	VERB
easat-8672	194	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	194	2	6	6	NUM
easat-8672	194	3	]	]	ADJ
easat-8672	194	4	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	194	5	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	194	6	90.4	90.4	NUM
easat-8672	194	7	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	194	8	random	random	ADJ
easat-8672	194	9	forest	forest	NOUN
easat-8672	194	10	92.7	92.7	NUM
easat-8672	194	11	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	194	12	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-8672	194	13	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-8672	194	14	87.7	87.7	NUM
easat-8672	194	15	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	194	16	support	support	NOUN
easat-8672	194	17	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-8672	194	18	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	194	19	92.5	92.5	NUM
easat-8672	194	20	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	194	21	multilayer	multilayer	NOUN
easat-8672	194	22	perceptron	perceptron	PROPN
easat-8672	194	23	91.8	91.8	NUM
easat-8672	194	24	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	194	25	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
easat-8672	194	26	gradient	gradient	NOUN
easat-8672	194	27	descent	descent	NOUN
easat-8672	194	28	94.4	94.4	NUM
easat-8672	194	29	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	194	30	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-8672	194	31	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	194	32	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	194	33	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	194	34	95.2	95.2	NUM
easat-8672	194	35	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	194	36	4.2	4.2	NUM
easat-8672	194	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	195	1	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-8672	195	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	195	3	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	195	4	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	195	5	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	195	6	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	195	7	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	195	8	table	table	NOUN
easat-8672	195	9	5	5	NUM
easat-8672	195	10	presents	present	VERB
easat-8672	195	11	the	the	DET
easat-8672	195	12	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	195	13	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	195	14	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	195	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	195	16	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	195	17	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	195	18	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	195	19	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	195	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	195	21	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	195	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	195	23	specifically	specifically	ADV
easat-8672	195	24	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	195	25	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	195	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	195	27	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	195	28	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	195	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	195	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	195	31	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	195	32	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	195	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	196	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	196	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-8672	196	3	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	196	4	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-8672	196	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	196	6	the	the	DET
easat-8672	196	7	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	196	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	196	9	performs	perform	VERB
easat-8672	196	10	better	well	ADV
easat-8672	196	11	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	196	12	the	the	DET
easat-8672	196	13	erpnext	erpnext	NOUN
easat-8672	196	14	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	196	15	compared	compare	VERB
easat-8672	196	16	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	196	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	196	18	odoo	odoo	NOUN
easat-8672	196	19	dataset	dataset	VERB
easat-8672	196	20	across	across	ADP
easat-8672	196	21	all	all	DET
easat-8672	196	22	key	key	ADJ
easat-8672	196	23	metrics	metric	NOUN
easat-8672	196	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	197	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
easat-8672	197	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	197	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	197	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	197	5	achieves	achieve	VERB
easat-8672	197	6	an	an	DET
easat-8672	197	7	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	197	8	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	197	9	95.95	95.95	NUM
easat-8672	197	10	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	197	11	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	197	12	erpnext	erpnext	NOUN
easat-8672	197	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	197	14	93.29	93.29	NUM
easat-8672	197	15	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	197	16	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	197	17	odoo	odoo	NUM
easat-8672	197	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	197	19	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-8672	197	20	a	a	DET
easat-8672	197	21	higher	high	ADJ
easat-8672	197	22	overall	overall	ADJ
easat-8672	197	23	correctness	correctness	NOUN
easat-8672	197	24	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	197	25	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-8672	197	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	198	1	both	both	DET
easat-8672	198	2	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	198	3	yield	yield	VERB
easat-8672	198	4	high	high	ADJ
easat-8672	198	5	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-8672	198	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	198	7	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	198	8	erpnext	erpnext	NOUN
easat-8672	198	9	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	198	10	99.84	99.84	NUM
easat-8672	198	11	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	198	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	198	13	odoo	odoo	VERB
easat-8672	198	14	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	198	15	99.74	99.74	NUM
easat-8672	198	16	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	198	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	198	18	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-8672	198	19	the	the	DET
easat-8672	198	20	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	198	21	’s	’s	PART
easat-8672	198	22	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-8672	198	23	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	198	24	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-8672	198	25	false	false	ADJ
easat-8672	198	26	positives	positive	NOUN
easat-8672	198	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	199	1	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	199	2	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-8672	199	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	199	4	erpnext	erpnext	PROPN
easat-8672	199	5	again	again	ADV
easat-8672	199	6	shows	show	VERB
easat-8672	199	7	better	well	ADJ
easat-8672	199	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	199	9	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	199	10	95.95	95.95	NUM
easat-8672	199	11	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	199	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	199	13	compared	compare	VERB
easat-8672	199	14	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	199	15	odoo	odoo	PROPN
easat-8672	199	16	’s	’s	PART
easat-8672	199	17	93.29	93.29	NUM
easat-8672	199	18	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	199	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	199	20	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-8672	199	21	a	a	DET
easat-8672	199	22	higher	high	ADJ
easat-8672	199	23	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-8672	199	24	to	to	PART
easat-8672	199	25	identify	identify	VERB
easat-8672	199	26	all	all	DET
easat-8672	199	27	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-8672	199	28	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	199	29	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	199	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	200	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	200	2	balance	balance	NOUN
easat-8672	200	3	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	200	4	further	far	ADV
easat-8672	200	5	validated	validate	VERB
easat-8672	200	6	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	200	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	200	8	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-8672	200	9	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	200	10	score	score	NOUN
easat-8672	200	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	200	12	where	where	SCONJ
easat-8672	200	13	erpnext	erpnext	PROPN
easat-8672	200	14	scores	score	NOUN
easat-8672	200	15	97.78	97.78	NUM
easat-8672	200	16	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	200	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	200	18	odoo	odoo	ADJ
easat-8672	200	19	scores	score	NOUN
easat-8672	200	20	96.29	96.29	NUM
easat-8672	200	21	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	200	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	201	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	201	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	201	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
easat-8672	201	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	201	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	201	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	201	7	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	201	8	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	201	9	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-8672	201	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	201	11	effective	effective	ADJ
easat-8672	201	12	when	when	SCONJ
easat-8672	201	13	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	201	14	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	201	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	201	16	erpnext	erpnext	NOUN
easat-8672	201	17	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	201	18	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	201	19	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	201	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	201	21	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	201	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	202	1	576	576	NUM
easat-8672	202	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	202	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	202	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	202	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	202	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	202	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	202	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	202	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	202	10	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	202	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	202	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	202	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	203	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	203	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	203	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	203	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	203	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	203	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	203	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	203	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	203	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	203	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	203	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	203	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	203	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	203	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	203	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	203	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	203	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	203	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	203	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	203	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	203	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	203	22	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	203	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	203	24	table	table	NOUN
easat-8672	203	25	5	5	NUM
easat-8672	203	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	203	27	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	203	28	comparison	comparison	NOUN
easat-8672	203	29	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	203	30	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	203	31	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	203	32	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	203	33	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	203	34	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	203	35	erpnext	erpnext	PROPN
easat-8672	203	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	203	37	odoo	odoo	ADJ
easat-8672	203	38	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	203	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	204	1	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	204	2	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	204	3	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-8672	204	4	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-8672	204	5	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-8672	204	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	204	7	score	score	NOUN
easat-8672	204	8	erpnext	erpnext	ADJ
easat-8672	204	9	95.95	95.95	NUM
easat-8672	204	10	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	204	11	99.84	99.84	NUM
easat-8672	204	12	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	204	13	95.95	95.95	NUM
easat-8672	204	14	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	204	15	97.78	97.78	NUM
easat-8672	204	16	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	204	17	odoo	odoo	NOUN
easat-8672	204	18	93.29	93.29	NUM
easat-8672	204	19	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	204	20	99.74	99.74	NUM
easat-8672	204	21	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	204	22	93.29	93.29	NUM
easat-8672	204	23	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	204	24	96.29	96.29	NUM
easat-8672	204	25	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	204	26	4.3	4.3	NUM
easat-8672	204	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	205	1	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	205	2	interpretability	interpretability	NOUN
easat-8672	205	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	205	4	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-8672	205	5	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-8672	205	6	to	to	PART
easat-8672	205	7	gain	gain	VERB
easat-8672	205	8	deeper	deep	ADJ
easat-8672	205	9	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-8672	205	10	into	into	ADP
easat-8672	205	11	how	how	SCONJ
easat-8672	205	12	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	205	13	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-8672	205	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	205	15	makes	make	VERB
easat-8672	205	16	predictions	prediction	NOUN
easat-8672	205	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	205	18	we	we	PRON
easat-8672	205	19	analyzed	analyze	VERB
easat-8672	205	20	the	the	DET
easat-8672	205	21	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	205	22	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-8672	205	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	205	24	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-8672	205	25	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
easat-8672	205	26	within	within	ADP
easat-8672	205	27	the	the	DET
easat-8672	205	28	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	205	29	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-8672	205	30	layers	layer	NOUN
easat-8672	205	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	206	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	206	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	206	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
easat-8672	206	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	206	5	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-8672	206	6	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	206	7	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	206	8	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	206	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	206	10	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	206	11	focuses	focus	VERB
easat-8672	206	12	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	206	13	when	when	SCONJ
easat-8672	206	14	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	206	15	each	each	DET
easat-8672	206	16	type	type	NOUN
easat-8672	206	17	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	206	18	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	206	19	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	206	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	207	1	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	207	2	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	207	3	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	207	4	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	207	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	207	6	the	the	DET
easat-8672	207	7	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	207	8	primarily	primarily	ADV
easat-8672	207	9	attends	attend	VERB
easat-8672	207	10	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	207	11	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-8672	207	12	control	control	NOUN
easat-8672	207	13	flow	flow	NOUN
easat-8672	207	14	structures	structure	NOUN
easat-8672	207	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	207	16	nested	nested	ADJ
easat-8672	207	17	loops	loop	NOUN
easat-8672	207	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	207	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	207	20	high	high	ADJ
easat-8672	207	21	cyclomatic	cyclomatic	ADJ
easat-8672	207	22	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-8672	207	23	within	within	ADP
easat-8672	207	24	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	207	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	208	1	we	we	PRON
easat-8672	208	2	observed	observe	VERB
easat-8672	208	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	208	4	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	208	5	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	208	6	a	a	DET
easat-8672	208	7	high	high	ADJ
easat-8672	208	8	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	208	9	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	208	10	conditional	conditional	ADJ
easat-8672	208	11	statements	statement	NOUN
easat-8672	208	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	208	13	deeply	deeply	ADV
easat-8672	208	14	nested	nested	ADJ
easat-8672	208	15	blocks	block	NOUN
easat-8672	208	16	were	be	AUX
easat-8672	208	17	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-8672	208	18	classified	classify	VERB
easat-8672	208	19	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	208	20	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	208	21	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	208	22	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	208	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	208	24	even	even	ADV
easat-8672	208	25	when	when	SCONJ
easat-8672	208	26	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	208	27	raw	raw	ADJ
easat-8672	208	28	line	line	NOUN
easat-8672	208	29	count	count	NOUN
easat-8672	208	30	was	be	AUX
easat-8672	208	31	moderate	moderate	ADJ
easat-8672	208	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	209	1	this	this	PRON
easat-8672	209	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-8672	209	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	209	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	209	5	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	209	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	209	7	learns	learn	VERB
easat-8672	209	8	to	to	PART
easat-8672	209	9	recognize	recognize	VERB
easat-8672	209	10	not	not	PART
easat-8672	209	11	just	just	ADV
easat-8672	209	12	the	the	DET
easat-8672	209	13	length	length	NOUN
easat-8672	209	14	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	209	15	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	209	16	but	but	CCONJ
easat-8672	209	17	also	also	ADV
easat-8672	209	18	their	their	PRON
easat-8672	209	19	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	209	20	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-8672	209	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	210	1	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	210	2	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	210	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	210	4	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	210	5	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	210	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	210	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	210	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	210	9	showed	show	VERB
easat-8672	210	10	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	210	11	the	the	DET
easat-8672	210	12	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	210	13	puts	put	VERB
easat-8672	210	14	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-8672	210	15	weight	weight	NOUN
easat-8672	210	16	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	210	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	210	18	number	number	NOUN
easat-8672	210	19	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	210	20	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	210	21	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	210	22	a	a	DET
easat-8672	210	23	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	210	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	210	25	the	the	DET
easat-8672	210	26	complexity	complexity	NOUN
easat-8672	210	27	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	210	28	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-8672	210	29	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	210	30	them	they	PRON
easat-8672	210	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	211	1	classes	class	NOUN
easat-8672	211	2	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	211	3	numerous	numerous	ADJ
easat-8672	211	4	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	211	5	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	211	6	interact	interact	VERB
easat-8672	211	7	extensively	extensively	ADV
easat-8672	211	8	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	211	9	each	each	DET
easat-8672	211	10	other	other	ADJ
easat-8672	211	11	were	be	AUX
easat-8672	211	12	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	211	13	likely	likely	ADJ
easat-8672	211	14	to	to	PART
easat-8672	211	15	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	211	16	flagged	flag	VERB
easat-8672	211	17	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	211	18	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	211	19	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	211	20	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	211	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	212	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
easat-8672	212	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	212	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	212	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	212	5	also	also	ADV
easat-8672	212	6	identified	identify	VERB
easat-8672	212	7	classes	class	NOUN
easat-8672	212	8	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	212	9	high	high	ADJ
easat-8672	212	10	coupling	coupling	NOUN
easat-8672	212	11	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	212	12	other	other	ADJ
easat-8672	212	13	classes	class	NOUN
easat-8672	212	14	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	212	15	potential	potential	ADJ
easat-8672	212	16	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	212	17	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	212	18	candidates	candidate	NOUN
easat-8672	212	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	212	20	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-8672	212	21	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	212	22	captures	capture	VERB
easat-8672	212	23	the	the	DET
easat-8672	212	24	design	design	NOUN
easat-8672	212	25	principle	principle	NOUN
easat-8672	212	26	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	212	27	classes	class	NOUN
easat-8672	212	28	should	should	AUX
easat-8672	212	29	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	212	30	high	high	ADJ
easat-8672	212	31	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
easat-8672	212	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	212	33	low	low	ADJ
easat-8672	212	34	coupling	coupling	NOUN
easat-8672	212	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	213	1	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	213	2	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	213	3	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	213	4	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	213	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	213	6	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	213	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	213	8	revealed	reveal	VERB
easat-8672	213	9	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	213	10	the	the	DET
easat-8672	213	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	213	12	focuses	focus	VERB
easat-8672	213	13	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	213	14	semantic	semantic	ADJ
easat-8672	213	15	similarities	similarity	NOUN
easat-8672	213	16	rather	rather	ADV
easat-8672	213	17	than	than	ADP
easat-8672	213	18	exact	exact	ADJ
easat-8672	213	19	textual	textual	ADJ
easat-8672	213	20	matches	match	NOUN
easat-8672	213	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	214	1	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	214	2	successfully	successfully	ADV
easat-8672	214	3	identified	identify	VERB
easat-8672	214	4	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	214	5	segments	segment	NOUN
easat-8672	214	6	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	214	7	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-8672	214	8	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-8672	214	9	syntax	syntax	NOUN
easat-8672	214	10	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	214	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	214	12	ast	ast	NOUN
easat-8672	214	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	214	14	structures	structure	NOUN
easat-8672	214	15	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	214	16	potential	potential	ADJ
easat-8672	214	17	duplications	duplication	NOUN
easat-8672	214	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	214	19	even	even	ADV
easat-8672	214	20	when	when	SCONJ
easat-8672	214	21	variable	variable	ADJ
easat-8672	214	22	names	name	NOUN
easat-8672	214	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	214	24	formatting	formatting	NOUN
easat-8672	214	25	differed	differ	VERB
easat-8672	214	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	215	1	this	this	PRON
easat-8672	215	2	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	215	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	215	4	advantage	advantage	NOUN
easat-8672	215	5	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	215	6	the	the	DET
easat-8672	215	7	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	215	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	215	9	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	215	10	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	215	11	over	over	ADP
easat-8672	215	12	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	215	13	token	token	VERB
easat-8672	215	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	215	15	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	215	16	similarity	similarity	NOUN
easat-8672	215	17	measures	measure	NOUN
easat-8672	215	18	[	[	X
easat-8672	215	19	17	17	NUM
easat-8672	215	20	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	215	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	216	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	216	2	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-8672	216	3	have	have	VERB
easat-8672	216	4	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-8672	216	5	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-8672	216	6	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-8672	216	7	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	216	8	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	216	9	development	development	NOUN
easat-8672	216	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	217	1	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	217	2	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-8672	217	3	which	which	PRON
easat-8672	217	4	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	217	5	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	217	6	contribute	contribute	VERB
easat-8672	217	7	most	most	ADV
easat-8672	217	8	to	to	PART
easat-8672	217	9	code	code	VERB
easat-8672	217	10	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	217	11	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	217	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	217	13	developers	developer	NOUN
easat-8672	217	14	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	217	15	proactively	proactively	ADV
easat-8672	217	16	avoid	avoid	VERB
easat-8672	217	17	these	these	DET
easat-8672	217	18	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	217	19	during	during	ADP
easat-8672	217	20	coding	code	VERB
easat-8672	217	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	218	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-8672	218	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	218	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	218	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	218	5	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	218	6	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	218	7	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-8672	218	8	into	into	ADP
easat-8672	218	9	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-8672	218	10	development	development	NOUN
easat-8672	218	11	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-8672	218	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	218	13	ides	ide	NOUN
easat-8672	218	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	218	15	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	218	16	a	a	DET
easat-8672	218	17	real	real	ADJ
easat-8672	218	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	218	19	time	time	NOUN
easat-8672	218	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	218	21	quality	quality	PROPN
easat-8672	218	22	advisor	advisor	NOUN
easat-8672	218	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	218	24	alerting	alert	VERB
easat-8672	218	25	developers	developer	NOUN
easat-8672	218	26	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	218	27	potential	potential	ADJ
easat-8672	218	28	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	218	29	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	218	30	as	as	SCONJ
easat-8672	218	31	they	they	PRON
easat-8672	218	32	write	write	VERB
easat-8672	218	33	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	218	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	218	35	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-8672	218	36	refactoring	refactoring	NOUN
easat-8672	218	37	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-8672	218	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	219	1	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	219	2	experiments	experiment	NOUN
easat-8672	219	3	also	also	ADV
easat-8672	219	4	revealed	reveal	VERB
easat-8672	219	5	areas	area	NOUN
easat-8672	219	6	where	where	SCONJ
easat-8672	219	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	219	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	219	9	could	could	AUX
easat-8672	219	10	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	219	11	further	far	ADV
easat-8672	219	12	improved	improve	VERB
easat-8672	219	13	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	220	1	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	220	2	instance	instance	NOUN
easat-8672	220	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	220	4	contextual	contextual	ADJ
easat-8672	220	5	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-8672	220	6	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	220	7	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	220	8	the	the	DET
easat-8672	220	9	domain	domain	NOUN
easat-8672	220	10	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	220	11	the	the	DET
easat-8672	220	12	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	220	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	220	14	project	project	NOUN
easat-8672	220	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	220	16	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-8672	220	17	coding	code	VERB
easat-8672	220	18	conventions	convention	NOUN
easat-8672	220	19	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	220	20	influence	influence	VERB
easat-8672	220	21	what	what	PRON
easat-8672	220	22	constitutes	constitute	VERB
easat-8672	220	23	a	a	DET
easat-8672	220	24	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	220	25	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	220	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	221	1	future	future	ADJ
easat-8672	221	2	work	work	NOUN
easat-8672	221	3	could	could	AUX
easat-8672	221	4	explore	explore	VERB
easat-8672	221	5	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	221	6	to	to	PART
easat-8672	221	7	adapt	adapt	VERB
easat-8672	221	8	the	the	DET
easat-8672	221	9	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	221	10	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	221	11	different	different	ADJ
easat-8672	221	12	project	project	NOUN
easat-8672	221	13	contexts	contexts	NOUN
easat-8672	221	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	221	15	developer	developer	NOUN
easat-8672	221	16	preferences	preference	NOUN
easat-8672	221	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	221	18	potentially	potentially	ADV
easat-8672	221	19	through	through	ADP
easat-8672	221	20	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-8672	221	21	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	221	22	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	221	23	few	few	ADJ
easat-8672	221	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	221	25	shot	shot	NOUN
easat-8672	221	26	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	221	27	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	221	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	222	1	4.4	4.4	NUM
easat-8672	222	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	222	3	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-8672	222	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	222	5	future	future	ADJ
easat-8672	222	6	research	research	NOUN
easat-8672	222	7	directions	direction	NOUN
easat-8672	222	8	while	while	SCONJ
easat-8672	222	9	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	222	10	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-8672	222	11	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	222	12	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	222	13	superior	superior	ADJ
easat-8672	222	14	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	222	15	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	222	16	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	222	17	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	222	18	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	222	19	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	222	20	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	222	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	222	22	several	several	ADJ
easat-8672	222	23	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-8672	222	24	should	should	AUX
easat-8672	222	25	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	222	26	acknowledged	acknowledge	VERB
easat-8672	222	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	223	1	first	first	ADV
easat-8672	223	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	223	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	223	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	223	5	's	's	PART
easat-8672	223	6	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	223	7	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	223	8	dependent	dependent	ADJ
easat-8672	223	9	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	223	10	the	the	DET
easat-8672	223	11	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-8672	223	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	223	13	diversity	diversity	NOUN
easat-8672	223	14	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	223	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	223	16	training	training	NOUN
easat-8672	223	17	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	223	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	224	1	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	224	2	current	current	ADJ
easat-8672	224	3	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	224	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	224	5	though	though	SCONJ
easat-8672	224	6	substantial	substantial	ADJ
easat-8672	224	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	224	8	may	may	AUX
easat-8672	224	9	not	not	PART
easat-8672	224	10	represent	represent	VERB
easat-8672	224	11	all	all	DET
easat-8672	224	12	possible	possible	ADJ
easat-8672	224	13	variations	variation	NOUN
easat-8672	224	14	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	224	15	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	224	16	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	224	17	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	224	18	real	real	ADJ
easat-8672	224	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	224	20	world	world	NOUN
easat-8672	224	21	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	224	22	projects	project	NOUN
easat-8672	224	23	[	[	X
easat-8672	224	24	32	32	NUM
easat-8672	224	25	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	224	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	225	1	future	future	ADJ
easat-8672	225	2	work	work	NOUN
easat-8672	225	3	should	should	AUX
easat-8672	225	4	focus	focus	VERB
easat-8672	225	5	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	225	6	expanding	expand	VERB
easat-8672	225	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	225	8	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	225	9	to	to	PART
easat-8672	225	10	include	include	VERB
easat-8672	225	11	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	225	12	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-8672	225	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	225	14	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-8672	225	15	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	225	16	samples	sample	NOUN
easat-8672	225	17	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	225	18	various	various	ADJ
easat-8672	225	19	domains	domain	NOUN
easat-8672	225	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	225	21	project	project	NOUN
easat-8672	225	22	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	225	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	226	1	second	second	ADV
easat-8672	226	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	226	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	226	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	226	5	's	's	PART
easat-8672	226	6	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-8672	226	7	may	may	AUX
easat-8672	226	8	vary	vary	VERB
easat-8672	226	9	across	across	ADP
easat-8672	226	10	different	different	ADJ
easat-8672	226	11	programming	programming	NOUN
easat-8672	226	12	styles	style	NOUN
easat-8672	226	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	226	14	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
easat-8672	226	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	227	1	python	python	PROPN
easat-8672	227	2	supports	support	VERB
easat-8672	227	3	multiple	multiple	ADJ
easat-8672	227	4	programming	programming	NOUN
easat-8672	227	5	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
easat-8672	227	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	227	7	including	include	VERB
easat-8672	227	8	procedural	procedural	ADJ
easat-8672	227	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	227	10	object	object	NOUN
easat-8672	227	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	227	12	oriented	orient	VERB
easat-8672	227	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	227	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	227	15	functional	functional	ADJ
easat-8672	227	16	programming	programming	NOUN
easat-8672	227	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	228	1	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	228	2	current	current	ADJ
easat-8672	228	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	228	4	primarily	primarily	ADV
easat-8672	228	5	focuses	focus	VERB
easat-8672	228	6	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	228	7	object	object	NOUN
easat-8672	228	8	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	228	9	oriented	orient	VERB
easat-8672	228	10	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	228	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	228	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	228	13	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	228	14	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-8672	228	15	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	228	16	functional	functional	ADJ
easat-8672	228	17	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	228	18	procedural	procedural	ADJ
easat-8672	228	19	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	228	20	may	may	AUX
easat-8672	228	21	require	require	VERB
easat-8672	228	22	further	further	ADJ
easat-8672	228	23	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
easat-8672	229	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	229	2	33	33	NUM
easat-8672	229	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	229	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	230	1	third	third	ADJ
easat-8672	230	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	230	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	230	4	current	current	ADJ
easat-8672	230	5	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	230	6	treats	treat	VERB
easat-8672	230	7	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	230	8	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	230	9	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	230	10	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	230	11	a	a	DET
easat-8672	230	12	binary	binary	ADJ
easat-8672	230	13	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-8672	230	14	problem	problem	NOUN
easat-8672	230	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	230	16	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	230	17	present	present	ADJ
easat-8672	230	18	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	230	19	absent	absent	ADJ
easat-8672	230	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	230	21	without	without	ADP
easat-8672	230	22	considering	consider	VERB
easat-8672	230	23	the	the	DET
easat-8672	230	24	severity	severity	NOUN
easat-8672	230	25	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	230	26	the	the	DET
easat-8672	230	27	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	230	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	231	1	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	231	2	practice	practice	NOUN
easat-8672	231	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	231	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	231	5	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-8672	231	6	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	231	7	a	a	DET
easat-8672	231	8	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	231	9	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	231	10	depends	depend	VERB
easat-8672	231	11	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	231	12	its	its	PRON
easat-8672	231	13	severity	severity	NOUN
easat-8672	231	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	231	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	231	16	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-8672	231	17	context	context	NOUN
easat-8672	231	18	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	231	19	the	the	DET
easat-8672	231	20	project	project	NOUN
easat-8672	231	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	232	1	future	future	ADJ
easat-8672	232	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-8672	232	3	could	could	AUX
easat-8672	232	4	explore	explore	VERB
easat-8672	232	5	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-8672	232	6	-	-	ADJ
easat-8672	232	7	level	level	ADJ
easat-8672	232	8	classification	classification	NOUN
easat-8672	232	9	or	or	CCONJ
easat-8672	232	10	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-8672	232	11	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	232	12	to	to	PART
easat-8672	232	13	assess	assess	VERB
easat-8672	232	14	the	the	DET
easat-8672	232	15	severity	severity	NOUN
easat-8672	232	16	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	232	17	detected	detect	VERB
easat-8672	232	18	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	232	19	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	233	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	233	2	34	34	NUM
easat-8672	233	3	]	]	SYM
easat-8672	233	4	577	577	NUM
easat-8672	233	5	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	233	6	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	233	7	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	233	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	233	9	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	233	10	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	233	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	233	12	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	233	13	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	233	14	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	233	15	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	233	16	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	234	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	234	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	234	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	234	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	234	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	234	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	234	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	234	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	234	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	234	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	234	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	234	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	234	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	234	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	234	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	234	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	234	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	234	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	234	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	234	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	234	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	234	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	234	23	gate	gate	VERB
easat-8672	234	24	an	an	DET
easat-8672	234	25	interesting	interesting	ADJ
easat-8672	234	26	direction	direction	NOUN
easat-8672	234	27	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	234	28	future	future	ADJ
easat-8672	234	29	research	research	NOUN
easat-8672	234	30	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	234	31	the	the	DET
easat-8672	234	32	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-8672	234	33	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	234	34	natural	natural	ADJ
easat-8672	234	35	language	language	NOUN
easat-8672	234	36	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-8672	234	37	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	234	38	nlp	nlp	NOUN
easat-8672	234	39	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	234	40	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	234	41	to	to	PART
easat-8672	234	42	analyze	analyze	VERB
easat-8672	234	43	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	234	44	comments	comment	NOUN
easat-8672	234	45	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	234	46	documentation	documentation	NOUN
easat-8672	234	47	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-8672	234	48	the	the	DET
easat-8672	234	49	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	234	50	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	234	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	235	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	235	2	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
easat-8672	235	3	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	235	4	could	could	AUX
easat-8672	235	5	provide	provide	VERB
easat-8672	235	6	a	a	DET
easat-8672	235	7	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	235	8	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-8672	235	9	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-8672	235	10	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	235	11	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	235	12	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-8672	235	13	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	235	14	considering	consider	VERB
easat-8672	235	15	both	both	CCONJ
easat-8672	235	16	the	the	DET
easat-8672	235	17	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	235	18	aspects	aspect	NOUN
easat-8672	235	19	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	235	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	235	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	235	22	the	the	DET
easat-8672	235	23	developers	developer	NOUN
easat-8672	235	24	'	'	PART
easat-8672	235	25	intentions	intention	NOUN
easat-8672	235	26	expressed	express	VERB
easat-8672	235	27	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	235	28	comments	comment	NOUN
easat-8672	235	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	236	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-8672	236	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	236	3	the	the	DET
easat-8672	236	4	application	application	NOUN
easat-8672	236	5	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	236	6	explainable	explainable	ADJ
easat-8672	236	7	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-8672	236	8	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	236	9	could	could	AUX
easat-8672	236	10	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-8672	236	11	the	the	DET
easat-8672	236	12	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-8672	236	13	utility	utility	NOUN
easat-8672	236	14	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	236	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	236	16	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	236	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	236	18	providing	provide	VERB
easat-8672	236	19	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	236	20	detailed	detailed	ADJ
easat-8672	236	21	explanations	explanation	NOUN
easat-8672	236	22	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	236	23	detected	detect	VERB
easat-8672	236	24	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	236	25	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	236	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	237	1	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	237	2	explanations	explanation	NOUN
easat-8672	237	3	would	would	AUX
easat-8672	237	4	not	not	PART
easat-8672	237	5	only	only	ADV
easat-8672	237	6	help	help	VERB
easat-8672	237	7	developers	developer	NOUN
easat-8672	237	8	understand	understand	VERB
easat-8672	237	9	why	why	SCONJ
easat-8672	237	10	certain	certain	ADJ
easat-8672	237	11	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	237	12	segments	segment	NOUN
easat-8672	237	13	are	be	AUX
easat-8672	237	14	flagged	flag	VERB
easat-8672	237	15	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	237	16	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	237	17	but	but	CCONJ
easat-8672	237	18	also	also	ADV
easat-8672	237	19	guide	guide	VERB
easat-8672	237	20	them	they	PRON
easat-8672	237	21	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	237	22	refactoring	refactoring	NOUN
easat-8672	237	23	decisions	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	237	24	[	[	X
easat-8672	237	25	35	35	NUM
easat-8672	237	26	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	237	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	238	1	finally	finally	ADV
easat-8672	238	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	238	3	extending	extend	VERB
easat-8672	238	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	238	5	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	238	6	to	to	PART
easat-8672	238	7	support	support	VERB
easat-8672	238	8	incremental	incremental	ADJ
easat-8672	238	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	238	10	would	would	AUX
easat-8672	238	11	be	be	AUX
easat-8672	238	12	valuable	valuable	ADJ
easat-8672	238	13	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	238	14	real	real	ADJ
easat-8672	238	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	238	16	time	time	NOUN
easat-8672	238	17	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-8672	238	18	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	238	19	development	development	NOUN
easat-8672	238	20	workflows	workflow	NOUN
easat-8672	238	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	239	1	rather	rather	ADV
easat-8672	239	2	than	than	ADP
easat-8672	239	3	analyzing	analyze	VERB
easat-8672	239	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	239	5	entire	entire	ADJ
easat-8672	239	6	codebase	codebase	NOUN
easat-8672	239	7	after	after	ADP
easat-8672	239	8	each	each	DET
easat-8672	239	9	change	change	NOUN
easat-8672	239	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	239	11	an	an	DET
easat-8672	239	12	incremental	incremental	ADJ
easat-8672	239	13	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	239	14	would	would	AUX
easat-8672	239	15	focus	focus	VERB
easat-8672	239	16	only	only	ADV
easat-8672	239	17	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	239	18	modified	modify	VERB
easat-8672	239	19	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	239	20	segments	segment	NOUN
easat-8672	239	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	239	22	providing	provide	VERB
easat-8672	239	23	immediate	immediate	ADJ
easat-8672	239	24	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-8672	239	25	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	239	26	developers	developer	NOUN
easat-8672	239	27	during	during	ADP
easat-8672	239	28	the	the	DET
easat-8672	239	29	coding	code	VERB
easat-8672	239	30	process	process	NOUN
easat-8672	239	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	239	32	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-8672	239	33	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-8672	239	34	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-8672	239	35	overhead	overhead	NOUN
easat-8672	239	36	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	239	37	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	239	38	project	project	NOUN
easat-8672	239	39	5	5	NUM
easat-8672	239	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	240	1	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
easat-8672	240	2	this	this	DET
easat-8672	240	3	research	research	NOUN
easat-8672	240	4	successfully	successfully	ADV
easat-8672	240	5	developed	develop	VERB
easat-8672	240	6	a	a	DET
easat-8672	240	7	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	240	8	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	240	9	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	240	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	240	11	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	240	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	240	13	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	240	14	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	240	15	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	240	16	three	three	NUM
easat-8672	240	17	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
easat-8672	240	18	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	240	19	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	240	20	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	240	21	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	240	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	240	23	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	240	24	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	240	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	240	26	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	240	27	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	240	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	240	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	240	30	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	240	31	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	240	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	241	1	as	as	SCONJ
easat-8672	241	2	stated	state	VERB
easat-8672	241	3	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	241	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	241	5	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-8672	241	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	241	7	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	241	8	goal	goal	NOUN
easat-8672	241	9	was	be	AUX
easat-8672	241	10	to	to	PART
easat-8672	241	11	leverage	leverage	VERB
easat-8672	241	12	the	the	DET
easat-8672	241	13	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	241	14	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	241	15	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	241	16	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	241	17	through	through	ADP
easat-8672	241	18	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	241	19	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	241	20	to	to	PART
easat-8672	241	21	improve	improve	VERB
easat-8672	241	22	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	241	23	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	241	24	compared	compare	VERB
easat-8672	241	25	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	241	26	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	241	27	approaches	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	241	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	242	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	242	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	242	3	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	242	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	242	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	242	6	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-8672	242	7	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	242	8	this	this	DET
easat-8672	242	9	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	242	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	242	11	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	242	12	the	the	DET
easat-8672	242	13	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	242	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	242	15	achieving	achieve	VERB
easat-8672	242	16	superior	superior	ADJ
easat-8672	242	17	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	242	18	compared	compare	VERB
easat-8672	242	19	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	242	20	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-8672	242	21	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	242	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	242	23	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	242	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	243	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	243	2	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-8672	243	3	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	243	4	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	243	5	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	243	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	243	7	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	243	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	243	9	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	243	10	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
easat-8672	243	11	high	high	ADJ
easat-8672	243	12	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-8672	243	13	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	243	14	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	243	15	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-8672	243	16	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	243	17	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	243	18	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	243	19	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	243	20	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	243	21	a	a	DET
easat-8672	243	22	processed	process	VERB
easat-8672	243	23	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	243	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	243	25	achieving	achieve	VERB
easat-8672	243	26	96.3	96.3	NUM
easat-8672	243	27	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	243	28	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	243	29	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	243	30	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	243	31	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	243	32	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	243	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	243	34	95.2	95.2	NUM
easat-8672	243	35	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	243	36	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	243	37	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	243	38	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	243	39	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	243	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	244	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	244	3	show	show	VERB
easat-8672	244	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	244	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	244	6	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-8672	244	7	gnn	gnn	PROPN
easat-8672	244	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	244	9	outperformed	outperform	VERB
easat-8672	244	10	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-8672	244	11	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	244	12	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	244	13	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-8672	244	14	such	such	ADJ
easat-8672	244	15	as	as	ADP
easat-8672	244	16	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	244	17	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	244	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	19	random	random	ADJ
easat-8672	244	20	forest	forest	NOUN
easat-8672	244	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	22	support	support	NOUN
easat-8672	244	23	vector	vector	NOUN
easat-8672	244	24	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	244	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	26	svm	svm	PROPN
easat-8672	244	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	29	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
easat-8672	244	30	gradient	gradient	ADJ
easat-8672	244	31	descent	descent	NOUN
easat-8672	244	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	33	sgd	sgd	PROPN
easat-8672	244	34	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	36	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-8672	244	37	-	-	ADJ
easat-8672	244	38	layer	layer	ADJ
easat-8672	244	39	perceptron	perceptron	NOUN
easat-8672	244	40	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	41	mlp	mlp	PROPN
easat-8672	244	42	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	44	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	244	45	linear	linear	ADJ
easat-8672	244	46	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-8672	244	47	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-8672	244	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	49	the	the	DET
easat-8672	244	50	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	244	51	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-8672	244	52	identified	identify	VERB
easat-8672	244	53	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	244	54	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	244	55	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	56	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	244	57	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	244	58	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	59	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	244	60	duplicated	duplicate	VERB
easat-8672	244	61	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	244	62	when	when	SCONJ
easat-8672	244	63	tested	test	VERB
easat-8672	244	64	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	244	65	real	real	ADJ
easat-8672	244	66	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	244	67	world	world	NOUN
easat-8672	244	68	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	244	69	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	245	1	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	245	2	the	the	DET
easat-8672	245	3	erpnext	erpnext	PROPN
easat-8672	245	4	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	245	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	245	6	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	245	7	reached	reach	VERB
easat-8672	245	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	245	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	245	10	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	245	11	achieved	achieve	VERB
easat-8672	245	12	95.95	95.95	NUM
easat-8672	245	13	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	245	14	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	245	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	245	16	99.84	99.84	NUM
easat-8672	245	17	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	245	18	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-8672	245	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	245	20	95.95	95.95	NUM
easat-8672	245	21	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	245	22	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-8672	245	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	245	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	245	25	a	a	DET
easat-8672	245	26	97.78	97.78	NUM
easat-8672	245	27	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	245	28	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-8672	245	29	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	245	30	score	score	NOUN
easat-8672	245	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	246	1	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	246	2	the	the	DET
easat-8672	246	3	odoo	odoo	NOUN
easat-8672	246	4	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	246	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	246	6	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	246	7	reached	reach	VERB
easat-8672	246	8	93.29	93.29	NUM
easat-8672	246	9	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	246	10	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
easat-8672	246	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	246	12	99.74	99.74	NUM
easat-8672	246	13	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	246	14	precision	precision	NOUN
easat-8672	246	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	246	16	93.29	93.29	NUM
easat-8672	246	17	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	246	18	recall	recall	NOUN
easat-8672	246	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	246	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	246	21	a	a	DET
easat-8672	246	22	96.29	96.29	NUM
easat-8672	246	23	%	%	NOUN
easat-8672	246	24	f1	f1	NOUN
easat-8672	246	25	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	246	26	score	score	NOUN
easat-8672	246	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	247	1	these	these	DET
easat-8672	247	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	247	3	validate	validate	VERB
easat-8672	247	4	the	the	DET
easat-8672	247	5	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
easat-8672	247	6	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	247	7	gnns	gnns	NOUN
easat-8672	247	8	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	247	9	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	247	10	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	247	11	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	247	12	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	247	13	actual	actual	ADJ
easat-8672	247	14	codebases	codebase	NOUN
easat-8672	247	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	248	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	248	2	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-8672	248	3	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	248	4	addresses	address	VERB
easat-8672	248	5	the	the	DET
easat-8672	248	6	limitations	limitation	NOUN
easat-8672	248	7	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	248	8	previous	previous	ADJ
easat-8672	248	9	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	248	10	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	248	11	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	248	12	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
easat-8672	248	13	the	the	DET
easat-8672	248	14	need	need	NOUN
easat-8672	248	15	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	248	16	manual	manual	ADJ
easat-8672	248	17	feature	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	248	18	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-8672	248	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	248	20	capturing	capture	VERB
easat-8672	248	21	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-8672	248	22	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-8672	248	23	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	248	24	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	248	25	elements	element	NOUN
easat-8672	248	26	through	through	ADP
easat-8672	248	27	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	248	28	representations	representation	NOUN
easat-8672	248	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	249	1	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	249	2	converting	convert	VERB
easat-8672	249	3	python	python	PROPN
easat-8672	249	4	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	249	5	into	into	ADP
easat-8672	249	6	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-8672	249	7	syntax	syntax	NOUN
easat-8672	249	8	trees	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	249	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	249	10	then	then	ADV
easat-8672	249	11	into	into	ADP
easat-8672	249	12	function	function	NOUN
easat-8672	249	13	call	call	NOUN
easat-8672	249	14	graphs	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	249	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	249	16	our	our	PRON
easat-8672	249	17	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	249	18	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	249	19	learn	learn	VERB
easat-8672	249	20	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	249	21	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	249	22	that	that	PRON
easat-8672	249	23	characterize	characterize	VERB
easat-8672	249	24	different	different	ADJ
easat-8672	249	25	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	249	26	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	249	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	249	28	providing	provide	VERB
easat-8672	249	29	a	a	DET
easat-8672	249	30	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	249	31	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-8672	249	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	249	33	context	context	NOUN
easat-8672	249	34	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	249	35	aware	aware	ADJ
easat-8672	249	36	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	249	37	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
easat-8672	249	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	250	1	future	future	ADJ
easat-8672	250	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-8672	250	3	could	could	AUX
easat-8672	250	4	focus	focus	VERB
easat-8672	250	5	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	250	6	extending	extend	VERB
easat-8672	250	7	the	the	DET
easat-8672	250	8	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	250	9	to	to	PART
easat-8672	250	10	handle	handle	VERB
easat-8672	250	11	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-8672	250	12	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	250	13	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	250	14	types	type	NOUN
easat-8672	250	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	250	16	adapting	adapt	VERB
easat-8672	250	17	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	250	18	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	250	19	different	different	ADJ
easat-8672	250	20	programming	programming	NOUN
easat-8672	250	21	languages	language	NOUN
easat-8672	250	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	250	23	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
easat-8672	250	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	251	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	251	2	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-8672	251	3	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	251	4	natural	natural	ADJ
easat-8672	251	5	language	language	NOUN
easat-8672	251	6	processing	processing	NOUN
easat-8672	251	7	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	251	8	to	to	PART
easat-8672	251	9	analyze	analyze	VERB
easat-8672	251	10	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	251	11	comments	comment	NOUN
easat-8672	251	12	alongside	alongside	ADP
easat-8672	251	13	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-8672	251	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	251	15	presents	present	VERB
easat-8672	251	16	an	an	DET
easat-8672	251	17	interesting	interesting	ADJ
easat-8672	251	18	direction	direction	NOUN
easat-8672	251	19	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	251	20	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-8672	251	21	-	-	ADJ
easat-8672	251	22	modal	modal	ADJ
easat-8672	251	23	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	251	24	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	251	25	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	251	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	252	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-8672	252	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	252	3	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
easat-8672	252	4	explainable	explainable	ADJ
easat-8672	252	5	ai	ai	NOUN
easat-8672	252	6	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	252	7	could	could	AUX
easat-8672	252	8	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-8672	252	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	252	10	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-8672	252	11	utility	utility	NOUN
easat-8672	252	12	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	252	13	the	the	DET
easat-8672	252	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	252	15	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	252	16	providing	provide	VERB
easat-8672	252	17	developers	developer	NOUN
easat-8672	252	18	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	252	19	clear	clear	ADJ
easat-8672	252	20	explanations	explanation	NOUN
easat-8672	252	21	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	252	22	detected	detect	VERB
easat-8672	252	23	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	252	24	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	252	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	252	26	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-8672	252	27	refactoring	refactoring	NOUN
easat-8672	252	28	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
easat-8672	252	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	253	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	253	2	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-8672	253	3	gnn	gnn	NOUN
easat-8672	253	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	253	5	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	253	6	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-8672	253	7	has	have	VERB
easat-8672	253	8	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-8672	253	9	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-8672	253	10	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	253	11	improving	improve	VERB
easat-8672	253	12	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	253	13	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-8672	253	14	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	253	15	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	253	16	development	development	NOUN
easat-8672	253	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	254	1	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	254	2	providing	provide	VERB
easat-8672	254	3	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-8672	254	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	254	5	automated	automate	VERB
easat-8672	254	6	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	254	7	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	254	8	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	254	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	254	10	it	it	PRON
easat-8672	254	11	can	can	AUX
easat-8672	254	12	help	help	VERB
easat-8672	254	13	developers	developer	NOUN
easat-8672	254	14	identify	identify	VERB
easat-8672	254	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	254	16	refactor	refactor	PROPN
easat-8672	254	17	problematic	problematic	PROPN
easat-8672	254	18	code	code	PROPN
easat-8672	254	19	early	early	ADV
easat-8672	254	20	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	254	21	the	the	DET
easat-8672	254	22	development	development	NOUN
easat-8672	254	23	process	process	NOUN
easat-8672	254	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	254	25	leading	lead	VERB
easat-8672	254	26	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	254	27	more	more	ADV
easat-8672	254	28	maintainable	maintainable	ADJ
easat-8672	254	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	254	30	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-8672	254	31	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	254	32	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	254	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	255	1	the	the	DET
easat-8672	255	2	potential	potential	ADJ
easat-8672	255	3	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-8672	255	4	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	255	5	this	this	DET
easat-8672	255	6	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	255	7	into	into	ADP
easat-8672	255	8	development	development	NOUN
easat-8672	255	9	environments	environment	NOUN
easat-8672	255	10	could	could	AUX
easat-8672	255	11	provide	provide	VERB
easat-8672	255	12	real	real	ADJ
easat-8672	255	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	255	14	time	time	NOUN
easat-8672	255	15	feedback	feedback	NOUN
easat-8672	255	16	to	to	ADP
easat-8672	255	17	developers	developer	NOUN
easat-8672	255	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	255	19	promoting	promote	VERB
easat-8672	255	20	better	well	ADJ
easat-8672	255	21	coding	code	VERB
easat-8672	255	22	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-8672	255	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	255	24	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-8672	255	25	technical	technical	ADJ
easat-8672	255	26	debt	debt	NOUN
easat-8672	255	27	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	255	28	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	255	29	projects	project	NOUN
easat-8672	255	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	256	1	578	578	NUM
easat-8672	256	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	256	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	256	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	256	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	256	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	256	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	256	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	256	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	256	10	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	256	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	256	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	256	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	257	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	257	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	257	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	257	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	257	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	257	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	257	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	257	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	257	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	257	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	257	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	257	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	257	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	257	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	257	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	257	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	257	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	257	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	257	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	257	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	257	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	257	22	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	257	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	257	24	transparency	transparency	NOUN
easat-8672	257	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	257	26	the	the	DET
easat-8672	257	27	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	257	28	confirm	confirm	VERB
easat-8672	257	29	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	257	30	the	the	DET
easat-8672	257	31	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
easat-8672	257	32	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	257	33	an	an	DET
easat-8672	257	34	honest	honest	ADJ
easat-8672	257	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	257	36	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-8672	257	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	257	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	257	39	transparent	transparent	ADJ
easat-8672	257	40	account	account	NOUN
easat-8672	257	41	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	257	42	the	the	DET
easat-8672	257	43	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	257	44	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	257	45	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	257	46	no	no	DET
easat-8672	257	47	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-8672	257	48	features	feature	NOUN
easat-8672	257	49	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	257	50	the	the	DET
easat-8672	257	51	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	257	52	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	257	53	been	be	AUX
easat-8672	257	54	omitted	omit	VERB
easat-8672	257	55	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	257	56	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	257	57	that	that	SCONJ
easat-8672	257	58	any	any	DET
easat-8672	257	59	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-8672	257	60	from	from	ADP
easat-8672	257	61	the	the	DET
easat-8672	257	62	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	257	63	as	as	SCONJ
easat-8672	257	64	planned	plan	VERB
easat-8672	257	65	have	have	AUX
easat-8672	257	66	been	be	AUX
easat-8672	257	67	explained	explain	VERB
easat-8672	257	68	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	258	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	258	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	258	3	followed	follow	VERB
easat-8672	258	4	all	all	DET
easat-8672	258	5	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-8672	258	6	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-8672	258	7	during	during	ADP
easat-8672	258	8	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-8672	258	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	259	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
easat-8672	259	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	259	3	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	259	4	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	259	5	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	259	6	the	the	DET
easat-8672	259	7	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	259	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	260	1	this	this	DET
easat-8672	260	2	open	open	ADJ
easat-8672	260	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	260	4	access	access	NOUN
easat-8672	260	5	article	article	NOUN
easat-8672	260	6	is	be	AUX
easat-8672	260	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-8672	260	8	under	under	ADP
easat-8672	260	9	the	the	DET
easat-8672	260	10	terms	term	NOUN
easat-8672	260	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	260	12	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-8672	260	13	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	260	14	the	the	DET
easat-8672	260	15	creative	creative	ADJ
easat-8672	260	16	commons	common	NOUN
easat-8672	260	17	attribution	attribution	NOUN
easat-8672	260	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	260	19	cc	cc	NOUN
easat-8672	260	20	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	260	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	260	22	license	license	NOUN
easat-8672	260	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	260	24	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-8672	260	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	260	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	261	1	references	reference	NOUN
easat-8672	261	2	[	[	X
easat-8672	261	3	1	1	X
easat-8672	261	4	]	]	X
easat-8672	261	5	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-8672	261	6	albuquerque	albuquerque	PROPN
easat-8672	261	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	261	8	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-8672	261	9	guimarães	guimarães	PROPN
easat-8672	261	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	261	11	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-8672	261	12	perkusich	perkusich	PROPN
easat-8672	261	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	261	14	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-8672	261	15	almeida	almeida	PROPN
easat-8672	261	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	261	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	261	18	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	261	19	perkusich	perkusich	NOUN
easat-8672	261	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	261	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	261	22	integrating	integrate	VERB
easat-8672	261	23	interactive	interactive	ADJ
easat-8672	261	24	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	261	25	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	261	26	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	261	27	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	261	28	into	into	ADP
easat-8672	261	29	scrum	scrum	NOUN
easat-8672	261	30	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	262	1	feasibility	feasibility	NOUN
easat-8672	262	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	262	3	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-8672	262	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	262	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	262	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-8672	262	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	262	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	262	9	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	262	10	sciences	science	NOUN
easat-8672	262	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	262	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	262	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	262	14	13	13	NUM
easat-8672	262	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	262	16	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	262	17	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	262	18	15	15	NUM
easat-8672	262	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	262	20	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	262	21	8770	8770	NUM
easat-8672	262	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	262	23	2023	2023	NUM
easat-8672	262	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	263	2	2	2	NUM
easat-8672	263	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	4	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	263	5	gnoyke	gnoyke	NOUN
easat-8672	263	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	7	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	263	8	schulze	schulze	PROPN
easat-8672	263	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	263	11	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-8672	263	12	krüger	krüger	PROPN
easat-8672	263	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	15	evolution	evolution	NOUN
easat-8672	263	16	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	263	17	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	263	18	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	263	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	20	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-8672	263	21	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	263	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	23	an	an	DET
easat-8672	263	24	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-8672	263	25	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	263	26	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	263	27	intra	intra	ADJ
easat-8672	263	28	-	-	ADJ
easat-8672	263	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	263	30	inter	inter	ADJ
easat-8672	263	31	-	-	ADJ
easat-8672	263	32	version	version	ADJ
easat-8672	263	33	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	263	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	35	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	36	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-8672	263	37	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	263	38	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	263	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	263	40	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	263	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	42	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	263	43	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	263	44	217	217	NUM
easat-8672	263	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	46	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	263	47	112170	112170	NUM
easat-8672	263	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	263	49	2024	2024	NUM
easat-8672	263	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	264	2	3	3	X
easat-8672	264	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	4	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-8672	264	5	sharma	sharma	PROPN
easat-8672	264	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	7	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	264	8	singh	singh	PROPN
easat-8672	264	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	264	11	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-8672	264	12	spinellis	spinellis	PROPN
easat-8672	264	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	15	an	an	DET
easat-8672	264	16	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-8672	264	17	investigation	investigation	NOUN
easat-8672	264	18	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	264	19	the	the	DET
easat-8672	264	20	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-8672	264	21	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	264	22	design	design	NOUN
easat-8672	264	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	264	24	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-8672	264	25	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	264	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	28	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-8672	264	29	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	264	30	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-8672	264	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	32	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	264	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	264	34	25	25	NUM
easat-8672	264	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	36	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	264	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	38	4020	4020	NUM
easat-8672	264	39	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	264	40	4068	4068	NUM
easat-8672	264	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	264	42	2020	2020	NUM
easat-8672	264	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	265	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664020-09847-2	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664020-09847-2	PROPN
easat-8672	265	2	[	[	X
easat-8672	265	3	4	4	NUM
easat-8672	265	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	265	5	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	265	6	kaur	kaur	PROPN
easat-8672	265	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	265	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	265	9	a	a	DET
easat-8672	265	10	systematic	systematic	ADJ
easat-8672	265	11	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-8672	265	12	review	review	NOUN
easat-8672	265	13	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	265	14	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-8672	265	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	265	16	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	265	17	the	the	DET
easat-8672	265	18	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-8672	265	19	between	between	ADP
easat-8672	265	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	265	21	smells	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	265	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	265	23	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	265	24	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-8672	265	25	attributes	attribute	VERB
easat-8672	265	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	265	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	265	28	archives	archive	NOUN
easat-8672	265	29	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	265	30	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-8672	265	31	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	265	32	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	265	33	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-8672	265	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	265	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	265	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	266	1	27	27	NUM
easat-8672	266	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	266	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	266	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	266	5	4	4	NUM
easat-8672	266	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	266	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	266	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	267	1	1267	1267	NUM
easat-8672	267	2	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	267	3	1296	1296	NUM
easat-8672	267	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	267	5	2020	2020	NUM
easat-8672	267	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	268	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-019-09348-6	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-019-09348-6	NUM
easat-8672	269	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	269	2	5	5	NUM
easat-8672	269	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	269	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	269	5	kovačević	kovačević	NOUN
easat-8672	269	6	et	et	PROPN
easat-8672	269	7	al	al	PROPN
easat-8672	269	8	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	269	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	269	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	269	11	automatic	automatic	ADJ
easat-8672	269	12	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	269	13	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	269	14	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	269	15	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	269	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	269	17	god	god	PROPN
easat-8672	269	18	class	class	PROPN
easat-8672	269	19	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	269	20	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	269	21	through	through	ADP
easat-8672	269	22	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	269	23	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	269	24	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	269	25	embeddings	embedding	NOUN
easat-8672	269	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	269	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	269	28	expert	expert	NOUN
easat-8672	269	29	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	269	30	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	269	31	applications	application	NOUN
easat-8672	269	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	269	33	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	269	34	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	270	1	204	204	NUM
easat-8672	270	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	270	3	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	270	4	117607	117607	NUM
easat-8672	270	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	270	6	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	270	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	271	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.117607	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.117607	VERB
easat-8672	271	2	[	[	PUNCT
easat-8672	271	3	6	6	NUM
easat-8672	271	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	271	5	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-8672	271	6	sandouka	sandouka	PROPN
easat-8672	271	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	271	8	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-8672	271	9	aljamaan	aljamaan	PROPN
easat-8672	271	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	271	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	271	12	python	python	PROPN
easat-8672	271	13	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	271	14	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	271	15	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	271	16	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	271	17	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-8672	271	18	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	271	19	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	271	20	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	271	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	271	22	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	271	23	peerj	peerj	NOUN
easat-8672	271	24	computer	computer	NOUN
easat-8672	271	25	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	271	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	271	27	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	271	28	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	271	29	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	271	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	271	31	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	271	32	e1370	e1370	NOUN
easat-8672	271	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	271	34	2023	2023	NUM
easat-8672	271	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	272	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	272	2	7	7	X
easat-8672	272	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	272	4	y.	y.	PROPN
easat-8672	272	5	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-8672	272	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	272	7	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-8672	272	8	dong	dong	PROPN
easat-8672	272	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	272	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	272	11	mars	mar	NOUN
easat-8672	272	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	272	13	detecting	detect	VERB
easat-8672	272	14	brain	brain	NOUN
easat-8672	272	15	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	272	16	/	/	SYM
easat-8672	272	17	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	272	18	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	272	19	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	272	20	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	272	21	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	272	22	metric	metric	ADJ
easat-8672	272	23	–	–	PUNCT
easat-8672	272	24	attention	attention	NOUN
easat-8672	272	25	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
easat-8672	272	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	272	27	residual	residual	ADJ
easat-8672	272	28	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	272	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	272	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	272	31	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-8672	272	32	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	272	33	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	272	34	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	272	35	evolution	evolution	NOUN
easat-8672	272	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	272	37	process	process	NOUN
easat-8672	272	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	272	39	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	272	40	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	273	1	36	36	NUM
easat-8672	273	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	273	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	273	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	273	5	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	273	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	273	7	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	273	8	e2403	e2403	NOUN
easat-8672	273	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	273	10	2024	2024	NUM
easat-8672	273	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	274	1	https://doi.org/10.1002/smr.2403	https://doi.org/10.1002/smr.2403	NOUN
easat-8672	275	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	275	2	8	8	X
easat-8672	275	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	275	4	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-8672	275	5	giray	giray	PROPN
easat-8672	275	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	7	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-8672	275	8	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-8672	275	9	bennin	bennin	PROPN
easat-8672	275	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	11	ö.	ö.	PROPN
easat-8672	275	12	köksal	köksal	PROPN
easat-8672	275	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	14	ö.	ö.	PROPN
easat-8672	275	15	babur	babur	PROPN
easat-8672	275	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	275	18	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-8672	275	19	tekinerdogan	tekinerdogan	PROPN
easat-8672	275	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	22	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	275	23	the	the	DET
easat-8672	275	24	use	use	NOUN
easat-8672	275	25	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	275	26	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-8672	275	27	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	275	28	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	275	29	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	275	30	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-8672	275	31	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-8672	275	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	33	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	34	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-8672	275	35	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	275	36	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	275	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	275	38	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	275	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	40	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	275	41	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	275	42	195	195	NUM
easat-8672	275	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	44	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	275	45	111537	111537	NUM
easat-8672	275	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	47	2023	2023	NUM
easat-8672	275	48	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	275	49	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2022.111537	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2022.111537	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	276	2	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	276	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	276	4	o.	o.	NOUN
easat-8672	276	5	fawaz	fawaz	NOUN
easat-8672	276	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	7	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-8672	276	8	amaan	amaan	PROPN
easat-8672	276	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	10	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	276	11	sahu	sahu	PROPN
easat-8672	276	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	13	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-8672	276	14	adnan	adnan	PROPN
easat-8672	276	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	276	17	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	276	18	gupta	gupta	PROPN
easat-8672	276	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	20	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	21	experimentation	experimentation	NOUN
easat-8672	276	22	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	276	23	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	276	24	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	276	25	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	276	26	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-8672	276	27	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	276	28	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	276	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	31	presented	present	VERB
easat-8672	276	32	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	276	33	the	the	DET
easat-8672	276	34	2023	2023	NUM
easat-8672	276	35	6th	6th	ADJ
easat-8672	276	36	international	international	ADJ
easat-8672	276	37	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-8672	276	38	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	276	39	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
easat-8672	276	40	computing	computing	NOUN
easat-8672	276	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	276	42	informatics	informatic	NOUN
easat-8672	276	43	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	44	ic3i	ic3i	X
easat-8672	276	45	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	46	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	47	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	276	48	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	276	49	6	6	NUM
easat-8672	276	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	276	51	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	276	52	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	277	1	369	369	NUM
easat-8672	277	2	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	277	3	373	373	NUM
easat-8672	277	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	277	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	278	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-8672	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	278	3	2023	2023	NUM
easat-8672	278	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	279	2	10	10	NUM
easat-8672	279	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	279	4	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-8672	279	5	šikić	šikić	PROPN
easat-8672	279	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	7	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-8672	279	8	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	279	9	kurdija	kurdija	PROPN
easat-8672	279	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	11	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-8672	279	12	vladimir	vladimir	PROPN
easat-8672	279	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	279	15	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-8672	279	16	šilić	šilić	PROPN
easat-8672	279	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	18	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	19	graph	graph	VERB
easat-8672	279	20	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	279	21	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	279	22	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	279	23	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	279	24	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	279	25	defect	defect	NOUN
easat-8672	279	26	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-8672	279	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	29	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-8672	279	30	access	access	NOUN
easat-8672	279	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	32	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	279	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	279	34	10	10	NUM
easat-8672	279	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	36	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	279	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	38	10402	10402	NUM
easat-8672	279	39	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	279	40	10415	10415	NUM
easat-8672	279	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	279	42	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	279	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	280	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	280	2	11	11	NUM
easat-8672	280	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	280	4	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-8672	280	5	zhou	zhou	PROPN
easat-8672	280	6	et	et	PROPN
easat-8672	280	7	al	al	PROPN
easat-8672	280	8	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	280	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	280	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	280	11	graph	graph	VERB
easat-8672	280	12	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	280	13	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	280	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	280	15	a	a	DET
easat-8672	280	16	review	review	NOUN
easat-8672	280	17	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	280	18	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	280	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	280	20	applications	application	NOUN
easat-8672	280	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	280	22	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	280	23	ai	ai	VERB
easat-8672	280	24	open	open	ADJ
easat-8672	280	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	280	26	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	280	27	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	280	28	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	280	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	280	30	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	280	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	281	1	57	57	NUM
easat-8672	281	2	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	281	3	81	81	NUM
easat-8672	281	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	281	5	2020	2020	NUM
easat-8672	281	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	282	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	282	2	12	12	NUM
easat-8672	282	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	282	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	282	5	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-8672	282	6	imam	imam	PROPN
easat-8672	282	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	282	8	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-8672	282	9	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-8672	282	10	al	al	PROPN
easat-8672	282	11	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	282	12	srour	srour	NOUN
easat-8672	282	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	282	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	282	15	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	282	16	alhroob	alhroob	NOUN
easat-8672	282	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	282	18	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	282	19	the	the	DET
easat-8672	282	20	automation	automation	NOUN
easat-8672	282	21	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	282	22	the	the	DET
easat-8672	282	23	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	282	24	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	282	25	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	282	26	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	282	27	bad	bad	ADJ
easat-8672	282	28	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	282	29	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	282	30	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	282	31	genetic	genetic	ADJ
easat-8672	282	32	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
easat-8672	282	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	282	34	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-8672	282	35	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	282	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	282	37	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	282	38	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-8672	282	39	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	282	40	king	king	PROPN
easat-8672	282	41	saud	saud	PROPN
easat-8672	282	42	university	university	PROPN
easat-8672	282	43	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	282	44	computer	computer	NOUN
easat-8672	282	45	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	282	46	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	282	47	sciences	science	NOUN
easat-8672	282	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	282	49	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	282	50	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	283	1	34	34	NUM
easat-8672	283	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	283	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	283	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	283	5	6	6	NUM
easat-8672	283	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	283	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	283	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	284	1	2621	2621	NUM
easat-8672	284	2	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	284	3	2636	2636	NUM
easat-8672	284	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	284	5	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	284	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	285	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	285	2	13	13	NUM
easat-8672	285	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	285	4	n.	n.	PROPN
easat-8672	285	5	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	285	6	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-8672	285	7	khleel	khleel	PROPN
easat-8672	285	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	285	9	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-8672	285	10	nehéz	nehéz	PROPN
easat-8672	285	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	285	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	285	13	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	285	14	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	285	15	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	285	16	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	285	17	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	285	18	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	285	19	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	285	20	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	285	21	combined	combine	VERB
easat-8672	285	22	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	285	23	databalancing	databalance	VERB
easat-8672	285	24	methods	method	NOUN
easat-8672	285	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	285	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	285	27	international	international	ADJ
easat-8672	285	28	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-8672	285	29	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	285	30	advances	advance	NOUN
easat-8672	285	31	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	285	32	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
easat-8672	285	33	informatics	informatic	NOUN
easat-8672	285	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	285	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	285	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	285	37	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	285	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	285	39	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	285	40	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	285	41	3	3	NUM
easat-8672	285	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	285	43	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	285	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	285	45	402	402	NUM
easat-8672	285	46	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	285	47	417	417	NUM
easat-8672	285	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	285	49	2023	2023	NUM
easat-8672	285	50	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	286	1	https://doi.org/10.26555/ijain.v9i3.981	https://doi.org/10.26555/ijain.v9i3.981	VERB
easat-8672	286	2	[	[	X
easat-8672	286	3	14	14	NUM
easat-8672	286	4	]	]	X
easat-8672	286	5	r.	r.	NOUN
easat-8672	286	6	panigrahi	panigrahi	PROPN
easat-8672	286	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	286	8	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	286	9	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-8672	286	10	kuanar	kuanar	PROPN
easat-8672	286	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	286	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	286	13	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-8672	286	14	kumar	kumar	PROPN
easat-8672	286	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	286	16	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	286	17	method	method	ADJ
easat-8672	286	18	level	level	NOUN
easat-8672	286	19	refactoring	refactoring	NOUN
easat-8672	286	20	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-8672	286	21	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	286	22	weighted	weight	VERB
easat-8672	286	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	286	24	svm	svm	NOUN
easat-8672	286	25	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	286	26	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	286	27	classifier	classifier	NOUN
easat-8672	286	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	286	29	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	286	30	studies	study	NOUN
easat-8672	286	31	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	286	32	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	286	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	286	34	decision	decision	NOUN
easat-8672	286	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	286	36	control	control	NOUN
easat-8672	286	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	286	38	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	286	39	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	286	40	452	452	NUM
easat-8672	286	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	286	42	2023	2023	NUM
easat-8672	286	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	287	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6893-8_8	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6893-8_8	PUNCT
easat-8672	288	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	288	2	15	15	NUM
easat-8672	288	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	288	4	l.	l.	PROPN
easat-8672	288	5	liu	liu	PROPN
easat-8672	288	6	et	et	PROPN
easat-8672	288	7	al	al	PROPN
easat-8672	288	8	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	288	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	288	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	288	11	revisiting	revisit	VERB
easat-8672	288	12	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	288	13	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	288	14	severity	severity	NOUN
easat-8672	288	15	prioritization	prioritization	NOUN
easat-8672	288	16	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	288	17	learning	learn	VERB
easat-8672	288	18	to	to	PART
easat-8672	288	19	rank	rank	VERB
easat-8672	288	20	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	288	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	288	22	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	288	23	expert	expert	NOUN
easat-8672	288	24	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	288	25	with	with	ADP
easat-8672	288	26	applications	application	NOUN
easat-8672	288	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	288	28	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	288	29	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	288	30	249	249	NUM
easat-8672	288	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	288	32	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	288	33	123483	123483	NUM
easat-8672	288	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	288	35	2024	2024	NUM
easat-8672	288	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	289	2	16	16	NUM
easat-8672	289	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	289	5	gupta	gupta	PROPN
easat-8672	289	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	7	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-8672	289	8	suri	suri	PROPN
easat-8672	289	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	10	v.	v.	PROPN
easat-8672	289	11	kumar	kumar	PROPN
easat-8672	289	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	13	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	289	14	misra	misra	PROPN
easat-8672	289	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	16	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-8672	289	17	blažauskas	blažauskas	PROPN
easat-8672	289	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	289	20	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-8672	289	21	damaševičius	damaševičius	PROPN
easat-8672	289	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	23	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	24	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	289	25	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	289	26	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	289	27	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-8672	289	28	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	289	29	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	289	30	shannon	shannon	PROPN
easat-8672	289	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	32	rényi	rényi	PROPN
easat-8672	289	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	289	34	tsallis	tsalli	NOUN
easat-8672	289	35	entropies	entropy	NOUN
easat-8672	289	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	37	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	38	entropy	entropy	NOUN
easat-8672	289	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	40	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	289	41	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	289	42	20	20	NUM
easat-8672	289	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	44	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	289	45	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	289	46	5	5	NUM
easat-8672	289	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	48	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	289	49	372	372	NUM
easat-8672	289	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	289	51	2018	2018	NUM
easat-8672	289	52	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	290	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050372	https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050372	PRON
easat-8672	290	2	[	[	X
easat-8672	290	3	17	17	NUM
easat-8672	290	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	290	5	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-8672	290	6	xu	xu	PROPN
easat-8672	290	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	290	8	x.	x.	NOUN
easat-8672	290	9	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-8672	290	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	290	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	290	12	multi	multi	ADJ
easat-8672	290	13	-	-	ADJ
easat-8672	290	14	granularity	granularity	NOUN
easat-8672	290	15	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	290	16	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	290	17	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	290	18	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	290	19	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-8672	290	20	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	290	21	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	290	22	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	290	23	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	290	24	abstract	abstract	ADJ
easat-8672	290	25	syntax	syntax	NOUN
easat-8672	290	26	tree	tree	NOUN
easat-8672	290	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	290	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	290	29	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	290	30	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
easat-8672	290	31	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	290	32	the	the	DET
easat-8672	290	33	international	international	ADJ
easat-8672	290	34	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-8672	290	35	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	290	36	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	290	37	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-8672	290	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	290	39	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
easat-8672	290	40	engineering	engineering	PROPN
easat-8672	290	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	290	42	sek	sek	PROPN
easat-8672	290	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	290	44	2021	2021	NUM
easat-8672	290	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	291	2	18	18	NUM
easat-8672	291	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	291	4	i.	i.	PROPN
easat-8672	291	5	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-8672	291	6	ward	ward	PROPN
easat-8672	291	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	8	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-8672	291	9	joyner	joyner	PROPN
easat-8672	291	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	11	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-8672	291	12	lickfold	lickfold	PROPN
easat-8672	291	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	14	y.	y.	PROPN
easat-8672	291	15	guo	guo	PROPN
easat-8672	291	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	291	18	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-8672	291	19	bennamoun	bennamoun	PROPN
easat-8672	291	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	22	a	a	DET
easat-8672	291	23	practical	practical	ADJ
easat-8672	291	24	tutorial	tutorial	NOUN
easat-8672	291	25	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	291	26	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	291	27	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	291	28	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	291	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	31	acm	acm	PROPN
easat-8672	291	32	computing	computing	NOUN
easat-8672	291	33	surveys	survey	NOUN
easat-8672	291	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	291	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	291	37	54	54	NUM
easat-8672	291	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	39	no	no	NOUN
easat-8672	291	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	41	10s	10	NOUN
easat-8672	291	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	291	43	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	291	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	292	1	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	292	2	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	292	3	35	35	NUM
easat-8672	292	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	292	5	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	292	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	293	1	https://doi.org/10.1145/3503043	https://doi.org/10.1145/3503043	X
easat-8672	294	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	294	2	19	19	NUM
easat-8672	294	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	294	4	z.	z.	PROPN
easat-8672	294	5	wu	wu	PROPN
easat-8672	294	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	294	7	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	294	8	pan	pan	PROPN
easat-8672	294	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	294	10	f.	f.	PROPN
easat-8672	294	11	chen	chen	PROPN
easat-8672	294	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	295	1	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-8672	295	2	long	long	PROPN
easat-8672	295	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	295	4	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-8672	295	5	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-8672	295	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	295	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	295	8	p.	p.	PROPN
easat-8672	295	9	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	295	10	yu	yu	PROPN
easat-8672	295	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	295	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	295	13	a	a	DET
easat-8672	295	14	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-8672	295	15	survey	survey	NOUN
easat-8672	295	16	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	295	17	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	295	18	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	295	19	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	295	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	295	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	295	22	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-8672	295	23	transactions	transaction	NOUN
easat-8672	295	24	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	295	25	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	295	26	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	295	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	295	28	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	295	29	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	295	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	295	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	295	32	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	295	33	32	32	NUM
easat-8672	295	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	295	35	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	295	36	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	295	37	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	295	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	295	39	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	295	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	296	1	4	4	NUM
easat-8672	296	2	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	296	3	24	24	NUM
easat-8672	296	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	296	5	2020	2020	NUM
easat-8672	296	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	1	https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.2978386	https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.2978386	NOUN
easat-8672	297	2	[	[	X
easat-8672	297	3	20	20	NUM
easat-8672	297	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	5	d.	d.	NOUN
easat-8672	297	6	nurmukhamet	nurmukhamet	PROPN
easat-8672	297	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	297	8	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	297	9	tick	tick	NOUN
easat-8672	297	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	12	implementing	implement	VERB
easat-8672	297	13	erp	erp	NOUN
easat-8672	297	14	through	through	ADP
easat-8672	297	15	the	the	DET
easat-8672	297	16	use	use	NOUN
easat-8672	297	17	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	297	18	mobile	mobile	ADJ
easat-8672	297	19	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	297	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	21	a	a	DET
easat-8672	297	22	case	case	NOUN
easat-8672	297	23	study	study	NOUN
easat-8672	297	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	25	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	26	presented	present	VERB
easat-8672	297	27	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	297	28	the	the	DET
easat-8672	297	29	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	297	30	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-8672	297	31	16th	16th	ADJ
easat-8672	297	32	international	international	ADJ
easat-8672	297	33	symposium	symposium	NOUN
easat-8672	297	34	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	297	35	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	297	36	computational	computational	ADJ
easat-8672	297	37	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
easat-8672	297	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	297	39	informatics	informatic	NOUN
easat-8672	297	40	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	41	saci	saci	NOUN
easat-8672	297	42	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	44	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-8672	297	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	46	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	297	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	297	48	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	297	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	298	1	311–316	311–316	NUM
easat-8672	298	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	298	3	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	298	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	299	1	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-8672	299	2	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-020-09847-2	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-020-09847-2	PROPN
easat-8672	299	3	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-020-09847-2	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-020-09847-2	NUM
easat-8672	299	4	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-019-09348-6	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-019-09348-6	NUM
easat-8672	299	5	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.117607	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.117607	VERB
easat-8672	299	6	https://doi.org/10.1002/smr.2403	https://doi.org/10.1002/smr.2403	NOUN
easat-8672	299	7	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2022.111537	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2022.111537	PROPN
easat-8672	299	8	https://doi.org/10.26555/ijain.v9i3.981	https://doi.org/10.26555/ijain.v9i3.981	VERB
easat-8672	299	9	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6893-8_8	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6893-8_8	SCONJ
easat-8672	299	10	https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050372	https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050372	PRON
easat-8672	299	11	https://doi.org/10.1145/3503043	https://doi.org/10.1145/3503043	NOUN
easat-8672	299	12	https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.2978386	https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.2978386	PROPN
easat-8672	299	13	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	299	14	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-8672	299	15	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	299	16	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	299	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	299	18	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	299	19	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-8672	299	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	299	21	2576	2576	NUM
easat-8672	299	22	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	299	23	8484	8484	NUM
easat-8672	299	24	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	299	25	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	300	1	9	9	NUM
easat-8672	300	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	300	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	300	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	300	5	7	7	NUM
easat-8672	300	6	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	300	7	566	566	NUM
easat-8672	300	8	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	300	9	579	579	NUM
easat-8672	300	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	300	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	300	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-8672	300	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	300	14	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	10.55214/25768484.v9i7.8672	NUM
easat-8672	300	15	©	©	PROPN
easat-8672	300	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-8672	300	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	300	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	300	19	authors	author	NOUN
easat-8672	300	20	;	;	PUNCT
easat-8672	300	21	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-8672	300	22	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	300	23	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-8672	301	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	301	2	21	21	NUM
easat-8672	301	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	301	4	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	301	5	dewangan	dewangan	PROPN
easat-8672	301	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	301	7	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-8672	301	8	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	301	9	rao	rao	PROPN
easat-8672	301	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	301	11	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-8672	301	12	mishra	mishra	PROPN
easat-8672	301	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	301	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	301	15	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-8672	301	16	gupta	gupta	PROPN
easat-8672	301	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	301	18	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	301	19	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	301	20	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	301	21	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	301	22	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	301	23	ensemble	ensemble	ADJ
easat-8672	301	24	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	301	25	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	301	26	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
easat-8672	301	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	301	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	301	29	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	301	30	sciences	science	NOUN
easat-8672	301	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	301	32	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	301	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	301	34	12	12	NUM
easat-8672	301	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	301	36	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	301	37	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	301	38	20	20	NUM
easat-8672	301	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	301	40	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	301	41	10321	10321	NUM
easat-8672	301	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	301	43	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	301	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	302	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	302	2	22	22	NUM
easat-8672	302	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	302	4	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-8672	302	5	nandani	nandani	PROPN
easat-8672	302	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	302	7	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-8672	302	8	saad	saad	PROPN
easat-8672	302	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	302	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	302	11	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-8672	302	12	sharma	sharma	PROPN
easat-8672	302	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	302	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	302	15	dacos	daco	VERB
easat-8672	302	16	a	a	DET
easat-8672	302	17	manually	manually	ADV
easat-8672	302	18	annotated	annotate	VERB
easat-8672	302	19	dataset	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	302	20	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	302	21	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	302	22	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	302	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	302	24	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	302	25	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	302	26	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
easat-8672	302	27	2023	2023	NUM
easat-8672	302	28	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-8672	302	29	/	/	SYM
easat-8672	302	30	acm	acm	PROPN
easat-8672	302	31	20th	20th	ADJ
easat-8672	302	32	international	international	ADJ
easat-8672	302	33	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-8672	302	34	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	302	35	mining	mining	NOUN
easat-8672	302	36	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	302	37	repositories	repository	NOUN
easat-8672	302	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	302	39	msr	msr	NOUN
easat-8672	302	40	2023	2023	NUM
easat-8672	302	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	302	42	2023	2023	NUM
easat-8672	302	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	303	2	23	23	NUM
easat-8672	303	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	4	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-8672	303	5	djukanovic	djukanovic	PROPN
easat-8672	303	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	7	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-8672	303	8	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-8672	303	9	raidl	raidl	PROPN
easat-8672	303	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	303	12	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-8672	303	13	blum	blum	PROPN
easat-8672	303	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	16	finding	find	VERB
easat-8672	303	17	longest	long	ADJ
easat-8672	303	18	common	common	ADJ
easat-8672	303	19	subsequences	subsequence	NOUN
easat-8672	303	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	21	new	new	ADJ
easat-8672	303	22	anytime	anytime	ADJ
easat-8672	303	23	a∗	a∗	ADJ
easat-8672	303	24	search	search	NOUN
easat-8672	303	25	results	result	NOUN
easat-8672	303	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	28	applied	apply	VERB
easat-8672	303	29	soft	soft	ADJ
easat-8672	303	30	computing	computing	NOUN
easat-8672	303	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	32	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	303	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	303	34	95	95	NUM
easat-8672	303	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	36	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	303	37	106499	106499	NUM
easat-8672	303	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	303	39	2020	2020	NUM
easat-8672	303	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	304	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	304	2	24	24	NUM
easat-8672	304	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	304	4	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-8672	304	5	turkistani	turkistani	PROPN
easat-8672	304	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	304	7	y.	y.	PROPN
easat-8672	304	8	liu	liu	PROPN
easat-8672	304	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	304	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	304	11	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-8672	304	12	the	the	DET
easat-8672	304	13	large	large	ADJ
easat-8672	304	14	class	class	NOUN
easat-8672	304	15	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	304	16	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	304	17	by	by	ADP
easat-8672	304	18	applying	apply	VERB
easat-8672	304	19	design	design	NOUN
easat-8672	304	20	patterns	pattern	NOUN
easat-8672	304	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	304	22	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	304	23	presented	present	VERB
easat-8672	304	24	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	304	25	the	the	DET
easat-8672	304	26	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-8672	304	27	international	international	ADJ
easat-8672	304	28	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-8672	304	29	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	304	30	electro	electro	ADJ
easat-8672	304	31	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	304	32	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	304	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	304	34	2019	2019	NUM
easat-8672	304	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	305	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	305	2	25	25	NUM
easat-8672	305	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	305	4	n.	n.	PROPN
easat-8672	305	5	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	305	6	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-8672	305	7	khleel	khleel	PROPN
easat-8672	305	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	305	9	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-8672	305	10	nehéz	nehéz	PROPN
easat-8672	305	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	305	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	305	13	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-8672	305	14	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-8672	305	15	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	305	16	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	305	17	model	model	NOUN
easat-8672	305	18	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	305	19	bad	bad	ADJ
easat-8672	305	20	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	305	21	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	305	22	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	305	23	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	305	24	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	305	25	oversampling	oversample	VERB
easat-8672	305	26	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	305	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	305	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	305	29	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
easat-8672	305	30	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-8672	305	31	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	305	32	electrical	electrical	ADJ
easat-8672	305	33	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-8672	305	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	305	35	computer	computer	NOUN
easat-8672	305	36	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	305	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	305	38	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	305	39	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	305	40	26	26	NUM
easat-8672	305	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	305	42	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	305	43	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	305	44	3	3	NUM
easat-8672	305	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	305	46	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	305	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	305	48	1725	1725	NUM
easat-8672	305	49	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	305	50	1735	1735	NUM
easat-8672	305	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	305	52	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	305	53	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	306	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	306	2	26	26	NUM
easat-8672	306	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	306	4	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	306	5	tarwani	tarwani	PROPN
easat-8672	306	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	306	7	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	306	8	chug	chug	PROPN
easat-8672	306	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	306	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	306	11	application	application	NOUN
easat-8672	306	12	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	306	13	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-8672	306	14	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	306	15	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	306	16	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	306	17	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	306	18	smell	smell	NOUN
easat-8672	306	19	prediction	prediction	NOUN
easat-8672	306	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	306	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	306	22	presented	present	VERB
easat-8672	306	23	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	306	24	the	the	DET
easat-8672	306	25	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	306	26	10th	10th	ADJ
easat-8672	306	27	international	international	ADJ
easat-8672	306	28	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-8672	306	29	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	306	30	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-8672	306	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	306	32	infocom	infocom	NOUN
easat-8672	306	33	technologies	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	306	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	306	35	optimization	optimization	NOUN
easat-8672	306	36	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	306	37	trends	trend	NOUN
easat-8672	306	38	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	306	39	future	future	ADJ
easat-8672	306	40	directions)(icrito	directions)(icrito	PROPN
easat-8672	306	41	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	306	42	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	306	43	pp	pp	X
easat-8672	306	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	307	1	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	307	2	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	307	3	5	5	NUM
easat-8672	307	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	307	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	308	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-8672	308	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	308	3	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	308	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	309	2	27	27	NUM
easat-8672	309	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	309	4	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-8672	309	5	khemani	khemani	PROPN
easat-8672	309	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	7	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	309	8	patil	patil	PROPN
easat-8672	309	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	10	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-8672	309	11	kotecha	kotecha	PROPN
easat-8672	309	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	309	14	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-8672	309	15	tanwar	tanwar	PROPN
easat-8672	309	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	17	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	18	a	a	DET
easat-8672	309	19	review	review	NOUN
easat-8672	309	20	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	309	21	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	309	22	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	309	23	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	309	24	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	25	concepts	concept	NOUN
easat-8672	309	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	27	architectures	architecture	NOUN
easat-8672	309	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	29	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-8672	309	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	31	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-8672	309	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	33	datasets	dataset	NOUN
easat-8672	309	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	35	applications	application	NOUN
easat-8672	309	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	309	38	future	future	ADJ
easat-8672	309	39	directions	direction	NOUN
easat-8672	309	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	41	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	42	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-8672	309	43	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	309	44	big	big	ADJ
easat-8672	309	45	data	datum	NOUN
easat-8672	309	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	47	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	309	48	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	309	49	11	11	NUM
easat-8672	309	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	51	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	309	52	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	309	53	1	1	NUM
easat-8672	309	54	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	55	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-8672	309	56	18	18	NUM
easat-8672	309	57	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	309	58	2024	2024	NUM
easat-8672	309	59	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	310	2	28	28	NUM
easat-8672	310	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	310	4	x.	x.	PROPN
easat-8672	310	5	shi	shi	PROPN
easat-8672	310	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	7	f.	f.	PROPN
easat-8672	310	8	lv	lv	PROPN
easat-8672	310	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	10	d.	d.	PROPN
easat-8672	310	11	seng	seng	PROPN
easat-8672	310	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	13	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-8672	310	14	zhang	zhang	PROPN
easat-8672	310	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	16	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-8672	310	17	chen	chen	PROPN
easat-8672	310	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	310	20	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-8672	310	21	xing	xing	PROPN
easat-8672	310	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	23	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	24	visualizing	visualize	VERB
easat-8672	310	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	310	26	understanding	understanding	NOUN
easat-8672	310	27	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	310	28	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
easat-8672	310	29	network	network	NOUN
easat-8672	310	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	31	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	32	multimedia	multimedia	NOUN
easat-8672	310	33	tools	tool	NOUN
easat-8672	310	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	310	35	applications	application	NOUN
easat-8672	310	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	37	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	310	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	310	39	80	80	NUM
easat-8672	310	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	41	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	310	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	43	8355	8355	NUM
easat-8672	310	44	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	310	45	8375	8375	NUM
easat-8672	310	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	310	47	2021	2021	NUM
easat-8672	310	48	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	311	2	29	29	NUM
easat-8672	311	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	4	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-8672	311	5	you	you	PROPN
easat-8672	311	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	7	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-8672	311	8	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-8672	311	9	gomes	gomes	PROPN
easat-8672	311	10	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	11	selman	selman	PROPN
easat-8672	311	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	13	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-8672	311	14	ying	ying	PROPN
easat-8672	311	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	311	17	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-8672	311	18	leskovec	leskovec	PROPN
easat-8672	311	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	20	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	21	identity	identity	NOUN
easat-8672	311	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	23	aware	aware	ADJ
easat-8672	311	24	graph	graph	NOUN
easat-8672	311	25	neural	neural	ADJ
easat-8672	311	26	networks	network	NOUN
easat-8672	311	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	29	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	311	30	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
easat-8672	311	31	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	311	32	the	the	DET
easat-8672	311	33	aaai	aaai	PROPN
easat-8672	311	34	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-8672	311	35	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	311	36	artificial	artificial	ADJ
easat-8672	311	37	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
easat-8672	311	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	39	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	311	40	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	311	41	35	35	NUM
easat-8672	311	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	43	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	311	44	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	311	45	12	12	NUM
easat-8672	311	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	311	47	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	311	48	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	312	1	10737	10737	NUM
easat-8672	312	2	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	312	3	10745	10745	NUM
easat-8672	312	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	312	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	312	6	2021	2021	NUM
easat-8672	312	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	313	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	313	2	30	30	NUM
easat-8672	313	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	313	4	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-8672	313	5	sandouka	sandouka	PROPN
easat-8672	313	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	313	7	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	313	8	hamoud	hamoud	NOUN
easat-8672	313	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	313	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	313	11	dataset	dataset	VERB
easat-8672	313	12	python	python	PROPN
easat-8672	313	13	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	313	14	smells	smell	VERB
easat-8672	313	15	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	313	16	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	313	17	conventional	conventional	ADJ
easat-8672	313	18	machine	machine	NOUN
easat-8672	313	19	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-8672	313	20	models	model	NOUN
easat-8672	313	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	313	22	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	313	23	2024	2024	NUM
easat-8672	313	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	314	1	https://zenodo.org/records/7512516#.zeg3enbmliu	https://zenodo.org/records/7512516#.zeg3enbmliu	PUNCT
easat-8672	315	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	315	2	31	31	NUM
easat-8672	315	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	315	4	c.	c.	PROPN
easat-8672	315	5	frappe	frappe	PROPN
easat-8672	315	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	315	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	315	8	technologies	technologies	PROPN
easat-8672	315	9	pvt	pvt	PROPN
easat-8672	315	10	ltd	ltd	PROPN
easat-8672	315	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	315	12	frappe	frappe	PROPN
easat-8672	315	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	315	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	315	15	“	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	315	16	erpnext	erpnext	ADJ
easat-8672	315	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	315	18	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	315	19	2024	2024	NUM
easat-8672	315	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	316	1	https://github.com/frappe/erpnext	https://github.com/frappe/erpnext	PROPN
easat-8672	316	2	[	[	X
easat-8672	316	3	32	32	NUM
easat-8672	316	4	]	]	X
easat-8672	316	5	mahmoud	mahmoud	PROPN
easat-8672	316	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	316	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	316	8	awesome	awesome	ADJ
easat-8672	316	9	python	python	NOUN
easat-8672	316	10	application	application	NOUN
easat-8672	316	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	316	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	316	13	2024	2024	NUM
easat-8672	316	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	1	https://github.com/mahmoud/awesome-python-applications	https://github.com/mahmoud/awesome-python-application	NOUN
easat-8672	317	2	[	[	SYM
easat-8672	317	3	33	33	NUM
easat-8672	317	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	5	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-8672	317	6	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-8672	317	7	aras	aras	PROPN
easat-8672	317	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	317	9	y.	y.	PROPN
easat-8672	317	10	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-8672	317	11	selçuk	selçuk	PROPN
easat-8672	317	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	13	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	14	metric	metric	ADJ
easat-8672	317	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	317	16	rule	rule	NOUN
easat-8672	317	17	based	base	VERB
easat-8672	317	18	automated	automate	VERB
easat-8672	317	19	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	317	20	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	317	21	antipatterns	antipattern	NOUN
easat-8672	317	22	in	in	ADP
easat-8672	317	23	object	object	NOUN
easat-8672	317	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	25	oriented	orient	VERB
easat-8672	317	26	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	317	27	systems	system	NOUN
easat-8672	317	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	29	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	30	presented	present	VERB
easat-8672	317	31	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	317	32	the	the	DET
easat-8672	317	33	2016	2016	NUM
easat-8672	317	34	7th	7th	ADJ
easat-8672	317	35	international	international	ADJ
easat-8672	317	36	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-8672	317	37	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	317	38	computer	computer	NOUN
easat-8672	317	39	science	science	NOUN
easat-8672	317	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	317	41	information	information	NOUN
easat-8672	317	42	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-8672	317	43	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	44	csit	csit	NOUN
easat-8672	317	45	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	47	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-8672	317	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	49	2016	2016	NUM
easat-8672	317	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	317	51	pp	pp	ADV
easat-8672	317	52	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	318	1	1–6	1–6	NUM
easat-8672	318	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	318	3	2016	2016	NUM
easat-8672	318	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	319	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	319	2	34	34	NUM
easat-8672	319	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-8672	319	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	319	5	bhave	bhave	PROPN
easat-8672	319	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	319	7	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-8672	319	8	sinha	sinha	PROPN
easat-8672	319	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	319	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	319	11	deep	deep	ADJ
easat-8672	319	12	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
easat-8672	319	13	architecture	architecture	NOUN
easat-8672	319	14	for	for	ADP
easat-8672	319	15	detection	detection	NOUN
easat-8672	319	16	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	319	17	long	long	ADJ
easat-8672	319	18	parameter	parameter	NOUN
easat-8672	319	19	list	list	NOUN
easat-8672	319	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	319	21	switch	switch	VERB
easat-8672	319	22	statements	statement	NOUN
easat-8672	319	23	using	use	VERB
easat-8672	319	24	distilbert	distilbert	NOUN
easat-8672	319	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	319	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	319	27	presented	present	VERB
easat-8672	319	28	at	at	ADP
easat-8672	319	29	the	the	DET
easat-8672	319	30	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	319	31	ieee	ieee	PROPN
easat-8672	319	32	22nd	22nd	NOUN
easat-8672	319	33	international	international	PROPN
easat-8672	319	34	working	work	VERB
easat-8672	319	35	conference	conference	NOUN
easat-8672	319	36	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	319	37	source	source	NOUN
easat-8672	319	38	code	code	NOUN
easat-8672	319	39	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-8672	319	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	319	41	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
easat-8672	319	42	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	319	43	scam	scam	NOUN
easat-8672	319	44	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	320	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-8672	320	2	pp	pp	X
easat-8672	320	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	321	1	116	116	NUM
easat-8672	321	2	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	321	3	120	120	NUM
easat-8672	321	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-8672	321	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	322	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-8672	322	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	322	3	2022	2022	NUM
easat-8672	322	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	323	1	[	[	X
easat-8672	323	2	35	35	NUM
easat-8672	323	3	]	]	X
easat-8672	323	4	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-8672	323	5	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-8672	323	6	alomar	alomar	PROPN
easat-8672	323	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	323	8	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-8672	323	9	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-8672	323	10	mkaouer	mkaouer	PROPN
easat-8672	323	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	323	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-8672	323	13	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-8672	323	14	ouni	ouni	PROPN
easat-8672	323	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	323	16	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	323	17	behind	behind	ADP
easat-8672	323	18	the	the	DET
easat-8672	323	19	intent	intent	NOUN
easat-8672	323	20	of	of	ADP
easat-8672	323	21	extract	extract	NOUN
easat-8672	323	22	method	method	NOUN
easat-8672	323	23	refactoring	refactoring	NOUN
easat-8672	323	24	:	:	PUNCT
easat-8672	323	25	a	a	DET
easat-8672	323	26	systematic	systematic	ADJ
easat-8672	323	27	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-8672	323	28	review	review	NOUN
easat-8672	323	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	323	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-8672	323	31	ieee	ieee	NOUN
easat-8672	323	32	transactions	transaction	NOUN
easat-8672	323	33	on	on	ADP
easat-8672	323	34	software	software	NOUN
easat-8672	323	35	engineering	engineering	NOUN
easat-8672	323	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	323	37	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-8672	323	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-8672	324	1	50	50	NUM
easat-8672	324	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	324	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-8672	324	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-8672	324	5	4	4	NUM
easat-8672	324	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	324	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-8672	324	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	325	1	668	668	NUM
easat-8672	325	2	-	-	SYM
easat-8672	325	3	694	694	NUM
easat-8672	325	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-8672	325	5	2024	2024	NUM
easat-8672	325	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-8672	326	1	https://zenodo.org/records/7512516#.zeg3enbmliu	https://zenodo.org/records/7512516#.zeg3enbmliu	PROPN
easat-8672	326	2	https://github.com/frappe/erpnext	https://github.com/frappe/erpnext	VERB
easat-8672	326	3	https://github.com/mahmoud/awesome-python-applications	https://github.com/mahmoud/awesome-python-application	NOUN