id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
easat-9804	1	1	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-9804	1	2	applied	apply	VERB
easat-9804	1	3	science	science	NOUN
easat-9804	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	1	5	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-9804	1	6	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-9804	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	1	8	2576	2576	NUM
easat-9804	1	9	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	1	10	8484	8484	NUM
easat-9804	1	11	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	1	12	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	2	1	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	2	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	2	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	2	5	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	2	7	333	333	NUM
easat-9804	2	8	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	2	9	340	340	NUM
easat-9804	2	10	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	2	11	publisher	publisher	NOUN
easat-9804	2	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	2	13	learning	learn	VERB
easat-9804	2	14	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-9804	2	15	doi	doi	PROPN
easat-9804	2	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	2	17	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-9804	2	18	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	2	19	8484.v9i9.9804	8484.v9i9.9804	NOUN
easat-9804	2	20	©	©	NOUN
easat-9804	2	21	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	2	22	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	2	23	the	the	DET
easat-9804	2	24	authors	author	NOUN
easat-9804	2	25	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	2	26	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-9804	2	27	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-9804	2	28	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-9804	3	1	©	©	PROPN
easat-9804	3	2	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	3	3	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	3	4	the	the	DET
easat-9804	3	5	authors	author	NOUN
easat-9804	3	6	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	3	7	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-9804	3	8	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-9804	3	9	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-9804	3	10	history	history	NOUN
easat-9804	3	11	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	3	12	received	receive	VERB
easat-9804	3	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	3	14	27	27	NUM
easat-9804	3	15	june	june	PROPN
easat-9804	3	16	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	3	17	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	3	18	revised	revise	VERB
easat-9804	3	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	3	20	12	12	NUM
easat-9804	3	21	august	august	PROPN
easat-9804	3	22	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	3	23	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	3	24	accepted	accept	VERB
easat-9804	3	25	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	3	26	15	15	NUM
easat-9804	3	27	august	august	PROPN
easat-9804	3	28	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	3	29	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	3	30	published	publish	VERB
easat-9804	3	31	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	3	32	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	3	33	september	september	PROPN
easat-9804	3	34	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	3	35	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	3	36	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
easat-9804	3	37	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	3	38	raedhanoon@hotmail.com	raedhanoon@hotmail.com	X
easat-9804	4	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	4	2	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	4	3	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	4	4	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	4	5	institution	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	4	6	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	4	7	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	4	8	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	4	9	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	4	10	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	4	11	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	4	12	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	4	13	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	4	14	region	region	PROPN
easat-9804	4	15	raed	raed	PROPN
easat-9804	4	16	hanoun1	hanoun1	PROPN
easat-9804	4	17	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	4	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	4	19	hanadi	hanadi	NOUN
easat-9804	4	20	taher2	taher2	NOUN
easat-9804	5	1	1,2beirut	1,2beirut	PROPN
easat-9804	5	2	arab	arab	PROPN
easat-9804	5	3	university	university	PROPN
easat-9804	5	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	5	5	beirut	beirut	PROPN
easat-9804	5	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	5	7	lebanon	lebanon	PROPN
easat-9804	5	8	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	5	9	raedhanoon@hotmail.com	raedhanoon@hotmail.com	X
easat-9804	5	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	5	11	r.h	r.h	PROPN
easat-9804	5	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	5	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	5	14	h.taher@bau.edu.lb	h.taher@bau.edu.lb	PROPN
easat-9804	6	1	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	6	2	h.t	h.t	PROPN
easat-9804	6	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	6	4	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	1	abstract	abstract	NOUN
easat-9804	7	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	3	this	this	DET
easat-9804	7	4	study	study	NOUN
easat-9804	7	5	examines	examine	VERB
easat-9804	7	6	the	the	DET
easat-9804	7	7	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-9804	7	8	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	7	9	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	7	10	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	7	11	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	7	12	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	7	13	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	7	14	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	7	15	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	7	16	12	12	NUM
easat-9804	7	17	middle	middle	PROPN
easat-9804	7	18	east	east	PROPN
easat-9804	7	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	7	20	north	north	PROPN
easat-9804	7	21	africa	africa	PROPN
easat-9804	7	22	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	23	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	7	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	25	countries	country	NOUN
easat-9804	7	26	—	—	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	27	lebanon	lebanon	PROPN
easat-9804	7	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	29	saudi	saudi	PROPN
easat-9804	7	30	arabia	arabia	PROPN
easat-9804	7	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	32	turkey	turkey	PROPN
easat-9804	7	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	34	the	the	DET
easat-9804	7	35	united	united	PROPN
easat-9804	7	36	arab	arab	PROPN
easat-9804	7	37	emirates	emirates	PROPN
easat-9804	7	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	39	bahrain	bahrain	NOUN
easat-9804	7	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	41	morocco	morocco	PROPN
easat-9804	7	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	43	jordan	jordan	PROPN
easat-9804	7	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	45	kuwait	kuwait	PROPN
easat-9804	7	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	47	oman	oman	PROPN
easat-9804	7	48	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	49	qatar	qatar	PROPN
easat-9804	7	50	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	51	tunisia	tunisia	PROPN
easat-9804	7	52	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	53	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	7	54	egypt	egypt	PROPN
easat-9804	7	55	—	—	PUNCT
easat-9804	7	56	over	over	ADP
easat-9804	7	57	the	the	DET
easat-9804	7	58	period	period	NOUN
easat-9804	7	59	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	7	60	1990	1990	NUM
easat-9804	7	61	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	7	62	2023	2023	NUM
easat-9804	7	63	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	8	1	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	8	2	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	8	3	data	datum	NOUN
easat-9804	8	4	techniques	technique	NOUN
easat-9804	8	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	8	6	the	the	DET
easat-9804	8	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-9804	8	8	begins	begin	VERB
easat-9804	8	9	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	8	10	pooled	pooled	ADJ
easat-9804	8	11	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
easat-9804	8	12	least	least	ADJ
easat-9804	8	13	squares	square	NOUN
easat-9804	8	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	8	15	fixed	fix	VERB
easat-9804	8	16	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	8	17	models	model	NOUN
easat-9804	8	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	8	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	8	20	driscoll	driscoll	NOUN
easat-9804	8	21	–	–	PUNCT
easat-9804	8	22	kraay	kraay	ADJ
easat-9804	8	23	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-9804	8	24	fixed	fix	VERB
easat-9804	8	25	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	8	26	models	model	NOUN
easat-9804	8	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	9	1	given	give	VERB
easat-9804	9	2	the	the	DET
easat-9804	9	3	presence	presence	NOUN
easat-9804	9	4	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	9	5	heteroskedasticity	heteroskedasticity	NOUN
easat-9804	9	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	9	7	serial	serial	ADJ
easat-9804	9	8	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	9	9	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	9	10	the	the	DET
easat-9804	9	11	pooled	pooled	ADJ
easat-9804	9	12	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
easat-9804	9	13	least	least	ADJ
easat-9804	9	14	squares	square	NOUN
easat-9804	9	15	model	model	NOUN
easat-9804	9	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	9	17	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-9804	9	18	estimates	estimate	NOUN
easat-9804	9	19	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	9	20	obtained	obtain	VERB
easat-9804	9	21	through	through	ADP
easat-9804	9	22	the	the	DET
easat-9804	9	23	driscoll	driscoll	NOUN
easat-9804	9	24	–	–	PUNCT
easat-9804	9	25	kraay	kraay	ADJ
easat-9804	9	26	method	method	NOUN
easat-9804	9	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	10	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	10	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-9804	10	3	reveal	reveal	VERB
easat-9804	10	4	a	a	DET
easat-9804	10	5	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-9804	10	6	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-9804	10	7	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-9804	10	8	between	between	ADP
easat-9804	10	9	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	10	10	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	10	11	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	10	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	10	13	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	10	14	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	10	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	10	16	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	10	17	a	a	DET
easat-9804	10	18	one	one	NUM
easat-9804	10	19	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	10	20	unit	unit	NOUN
easat-9804	10	21	improvement	improvement	NOUN
easat-9804	10	22	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	10	23	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	10	24	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	10	25	associated	associate	VERB
easat-9804	10	26	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	10	27	a	a	DET
easat-9804	10	28	2.381	2.381	NUM
easat-9804	10	29	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	10	30	unit	unit	NOUN
easat-9804	10	31	increase	increase	NOUN
easat-9804	10	32	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	10	33	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	10	34	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	10	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	11	1	these	these	DET
easat-9804	11	2	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-9804	11	3	underscore	underscore	VERB
easat-9804	11	4	the	the	DET
easat-9804	11	5	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-9804	11	6	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	11	7	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
easat-9804	11	8	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	11	9	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	11	10	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	11	11	a	a	DET
easat-9804	11	12	driver	driver	NOUN
easat-9804	11	13	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	11	14	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	11	15	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-9804	11	16	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	11	17	the	the	DET
easat-9804	11	18	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	11	19	region	region	PROPN
easat-9804	11	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	12	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	12	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-9804	12	3	contributes	contribute	VERB
easat-9804	12	4	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	12	5	the	the	DET
easat-9804	12	6	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-9804	12	7	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	12	8	offering	offer	VERB
easat-9804	12	9	updated	update	VERB
easat-9804	12	10	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-9804	12	11	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	12	12	over	over	ADP
easat-9804	12	13	a	a	DET
easat-9804	12	14	long	long	ADJ
easat-9804	12	15	time	time	NOUN
easat-9804	12	16	span	span	NOUN
easat-9804	12	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	12	18	highlighting	highlight	VERB
easat-9804	12	19	the	the	DET
easat-9804	12	20	role	role	NOUN
easat-9804	12	21	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	12	22	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
easat-9804	12	23	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-9804	12	24	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	12	25	shaping	shape	VERB
easat-9804	12	26	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	12	27	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
easat-9804	12	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	13	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
easat-9804	13	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	13	3	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	13	4	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	13	5	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	13	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	13	7	middle	middle	PROPN
easat-9804	13	8	east	east	PROPN
easat-9804	13	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	13	10	north	north	PROPN
easat-9804	13	11	africa	africa	PROPN
easat-9804	13	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	13	13	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	13	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	13	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	13	16	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	13	17	data	datum	NOUN
easat-9804	13	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	13	19	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	13	20	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	13	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	14	1	1	1	X
easat-9804	14	2	.	.	X
easat-9804	14	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
easat-9804	14	4	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	14	5	the	the	DET
easat-9804	14	6	middle	middle	PROPN
easat-9804	14	7	east	east	PROPN
easat-9804	14	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	14	9	north	north	PROPN
easat-9804	14	10	africa	africa	PROPN
easat-9804	14	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	14	12	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	14	13	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	14	14	region	region	NOUN
easat-9804	14	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	14	16	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	14	17	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	14	18	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	14	19	best	well	ADV
easat-9804	14	20	understood	understand	VERB
easat-9804	14	21	through	through	ADP
easat-9804	14	22	a	a	DET
easat-9804	14	23	multidimensional	multidimensional	ADJ
easat-9804	14	24	view	view	NOUN
easat-9804	14	25	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	14	26	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	14	27	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	14	28	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	14	29	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	14	30	fid	fid	NOUN
easat-9804	14	31	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	14	32	that	that	PRON
easat-9804	14	33	captures	capture	VERB
easat-9804	14	34	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	14	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	14	36	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-9804	14	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	14	38	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	14	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	14	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	14	41	access	access	NOUN
easat-9804	14	42	[	[	X
easat-9804	14	43	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	14	44	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	14	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	15	1	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	15	2	reflects	reflect	VERB
easat-9804	15	3	the	the	DET
easat-9804	15	4	resilience	resilience	NOUN
easat-9804	15	5	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	15	6	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	15	7	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	15	8	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	15	9	shocks	shock	NOUN
easat-9804	15	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	15	11	their	their	PRON
easat-9804	15	12	ability	ability	NOUN
easat-9804	15	13	to	to	PART
easat-9804	15	14	maintain	maintain	VERB
easat-9804	15	15	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-9804	15	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	15	17	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	15	18	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-9804	15	19	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	15	20	linking	link	VERB
easat-9804	15	21	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-9804	15	22	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	15	23	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-9804	15	24	to	to	PART
easat-9804	15	25	reduced	reduce	VERB
easat-9804	15	26	systemic	systemic	ADJ
easat-9804	15	27	risk	risk	NOUN
easat-9804	15	28	[	[	X
easat-9804	15	29	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	15	30	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	15	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	16	1	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-9804	16	2	relates	relate	VERB
easat-9804	16	3	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	16	4	the	the	DET
easat-9804	16	5	breadth	breadth	NOUN
easat-9804	16	6	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	16	7	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	16	8	services	service	NOUN
easat-9804	16	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	16	10	including	include	VERB
easat-9804	16	11	private	private	ADJ
easat-9804	16	12	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	16	13	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-9804	16	14	credit	credit	NOUN
easat-9804	16	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	16	16	insurance	insurance	NOUN
easat-9804	16	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	16	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	16	19	non	non	ADJ
easat-9804	16	20	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	16	21	banking	banking	ADJ
easat-9804	16	22	products	product	NOUN
easat-9804	16	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	16	24	which	which	PRON
easat-9804	16	25	remain	remain	VERB
easat-9804	16	26	constrained	constrain	VERB
easat-9804	16	27	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	16	28	many	many	ADJ
easat-9804	16	29	mena	mena	NOUN
easat-9804	16	30	economies	economy	NOUN
easat-9804	16	31	due	due	ADJ
easat-9804	16	32	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	16	33	shallow	shallow	ADJ
easat-9804	16	34	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	16	35	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	16	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	17	1	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	17	2	concerns	concern	VERB
easat-9804	17	3	the	the	DET
easat-9804	17	4	operational	operational	ADJ
easat-9804	17	5	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-9804	17	6	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	17	7	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	17	8	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	17	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	17	10	where	where	SCONJ
easat-9804	17	11	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-9804	17	12	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	17	13	resource	resource	NOUN
easat-9804	17	14	allocation	allocation	NOUN
easat-9804	17	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	17	16	cost	cost	NOUN
easat-9804	17	17	management	management	NOUN
easat-9804	17	18	directly	directly	ADV
easat-9804	17	19	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-9804	17	20	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	17	21	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	18	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	18	2	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	18	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	18	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	19	1	access	access	NOUN
easat-9804	19	2	reflects	reflect	VERB
easat-9804	19	3	the	the	DET
easat-9804	19	4	inclusiveness	inclusiveness	NOUN
easat-9804	19	5	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	19	6	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	19	7	systems	system	NOUN
easat-9804	19	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	19	9	ensuring	ensure	VERB
easat-9804	19	10	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	19	11	households	household	NOUN
easat-9804	19	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	19	13	firms	firm	NOUN
easat-9804	19	14	can	can	AUX
easat-9804	19	15	participate	participate	VERB
easat-9804	19	16	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-9804	19	17	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	19	18	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	19	19	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	19	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	20	1	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	20	2	combining	combine	VERB
easat-9804	20	3	these	these	DET
easat-9804	20	4	interrelated	interrelated	ADJ
easat-9804	20	5	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
easat-9804	20	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	20	7	fid	fid	VERB
easat-9804	20	8	provides	provide	VERB
easat-9804	20	9	a	a	DET
easat-9804	20	10	more	more	ADV
easat-9804	20	11	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-9804	20	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	20	13	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-9804	20	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	20	15	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-9804	20	16	indicator	indicator	NOUN
easat-9804	20	17	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	20	18	exploring	explore	VERB
easat-9804	20	19	the	the	DET
easat-9804	20	20	finance	finance	NOUN
easat-9804	20	21	–	–	PUNCT
easat-9804	20	22	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	20	23	nexus	nexus	NOUN
easat-9804	20	24	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	20	25	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	20	26	economies	economy	NOUN
easat-9804	20	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	21	1	although	although	SCONJ
easat-9804	21	2	a	a	DET
easat-9804	21	3	growing	grow	VERB
easat-9804	21	4	body	body	NOUN
easat-9804	21	5	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	21	6	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-9804	21	7	investigates	investigate	VERB
easat-9804	21	8	the	the	DET
easat-9804	21	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-9804	21	10	between	between	ADP
easat-9804	21	11	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	21	12	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	21	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	21	14	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	21	15	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	21	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	21	17	much	much	ADJ
easat-9804	21	18	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	21	19	it	it	PRON
easat-9804	21	20	relies	rely	VERB
easat-9804	21	21	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	21	22	market	market	NOUN
easat-9804	21	23	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	21	24	based	base	VERB
easat-9804	21	25	indicators	indicator	NOUN
easat-9804	21	26	such	such	ADJ
easat-9804	21	27	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	21	28	private	private	ADJ
easat-9804	21	29	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	21	30	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-9804	21	31	credit	credit	NOUN
easat-9804	21	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	21	33	stockmarket	stockmarket	NOUN
easat-9804	21	34	capitalization	capitalization	NOUN
easat-9804	21	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	21	36	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	21	37	monetary	monetary	ADJ
easat-9804	21	38	aggregates	aggregate	NOUN
easat-9804	21	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	22	1	these	these	DET
easat-9804	22	2	measures	measure	NOUN
easat-9804	22	3	overlook	overlook	VERB
easat-9804	22	4	important	important	ADJ
easat-9804	22	5	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	22	6	aspects	aspect	NOUN
easat-9804	22	7	such	such	ADJ
easat-9804	22	8	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	22	9	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	22	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	22	11	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	22	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	22	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	22	14	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
easat-9804	22	15	[	[	X
easat-9804	22	16	4	4	NUM
easat-9804	22	17	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	22	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	23	1	this	this	DET
easat-9804	23	2	limitation	limitation	NOUN
easat-9804	23	3	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	23	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-9804	23	5	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-9804	23	6	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	23	7	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	23	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	23	9	where	where	SCONJ
easat-9804	23	10	bank	bank	NOUN
easat-9804	23	11	dominance	dominance	NOUN
easat-9804	23	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	23	13	shallow	shallow	ADJ
easat-9804	23	14	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	23	15	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	23	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	23	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	23	18	uneven	uneven	ADJ
easat-9804	23	19	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	23	20	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
easat-9804	23	21	may	may	AUX
easat-9804	23	22	distort	distort	VERB
easat-9804	23	23	the	the	DET
easat-9804	23	24	finance	finance	NOUN
easat-9804	23	25	–	–	PUNCT
easat-9804	23	26	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	23	27	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-9804	23	28	[	[	X
easat-9804	23	29	5	5	NUM
easat-9804	23	30	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	23	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	24	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-9804	24	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	24	3	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-9804	24	4	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-9804	24	5	remain	remain	VERB
easat-9804	24	6	inconclusive	inconclusive	ADJ
easat-9804	24	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	25	1	some	some	DET
easat-9804	25	2	studies	study	NOUN
easat-9804	25	3	find	find	VERB
easat-9804	25	4	a	a	DET
easat-9804	25	5	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-9804	25	6	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-9804	25	7	between	between	ADP
easat-9804	25	8	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	25	9	institution	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	25	10	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	25	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	25	12	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	25	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	25	14	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
easat-9804	25	15	the	the	DET
easat-9804	25	16	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-9804	25	17	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	25	18	improved	improved	ADJ
easat-9804	25	19	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	25	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	25	21	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-9804	25	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	25	23	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	25	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	25	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	25	26	access	access	NOUN
easat-9804	25	27	[	[	X
easat-9804	25	28	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	25	29	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	25	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	26	1	others	other	NOUN
easat-9804	26	2	report	report	VERB
easat-9804	26	3	a	a	DET
easat-9804	26	4	negative	negative	ADJ
easat-9804	26	5	association	association	NOUN
easat-9804	26	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	26	7	warning	warn	VERB
easat-9804	26	8	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	26	9	rapid	rapid	ADJ
easat-9804	26	10	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	26	11	expansion	expansion	NOUN
easat-9804	26	12	can	can	AUX
easat-9804	26	13	undermine	undermine	VERB
easat-9804	26	14	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	26	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	26	16	misallocate	misallocate	VERB
easat-9804	26	17	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-9804	26	18	[	[	X
easat-9804	26	19	6	6	NUM
easat-9804	26	20	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	26	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	27	1	a	a	DET
easat-9804	27	2	third	third	ADJ
easat-9804	27	3	perspective	perspective	NOUN
easat-9804	27	4	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-9804	27	5	diminishing	diminishing	NOUN
easat-9804	27	6	returns	return	NOUN
easat-9804	27	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	27	8	where	where	SCONJ
easat-9804	27	9	initial	initial	ADJ
easat-9804	27	10	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-9804	27	11	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	27	12	fid	fid	NOUN
easat-9804	27	13	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	27	14	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-9804	27	15	but	but	CCONJ
easat-9804	27	16	marginal	marginal	ADJ
easat-9804	27	17	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-9804	27	18	decline	decline	VERB
easat-9804	27	19	https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4348-5505	https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4348-5505	NOUN
easat-9804	27	20	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8052-1807	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8052-1807	ADP
easat-9804	27	21	334	334	NUM
easat-9804	27	22	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-9804	27	23	applied	apply	VERB
easat-9804	27	24	science	science	NOUN
easat-9804	27	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	27	26	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-9804	27	27	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-9804	27	28	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	27	29	2576	2576	NUM
easat-9804	27	30	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	27	31	8484	8484	NUM
easat-9804	27	32	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	27	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	28	1	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	28	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	28	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	28	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	28	5	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	28	6	:	:	SYM
easat-9804	28	7	333	333	NUM
easat-9804	28	8	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	28	9	340	340	NUM
easat-9804	28	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	28	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	28	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-9804	28	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	28	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-9804	28	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	28	16	8484.v9i9.9804	8484.v9i9.9804	NOUN
easat-9804	28	17	©	©	NOUN
easat-9804	28	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	28	19	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	28	20	the	the	DET
easat-9804	28	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-9804	28	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	28	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-9804	28	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-9804	28	25	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-9804	28	26	once	once	SCONJ
easat-9804	28	27	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	28	28	systems	system	NOUN
easat-9804	28	29	reach	reach	VERB
easat-9804	28	30	maturity	maturity	NOUN
easat-9804	28	31	[	[	X
easat-9804	28	32	7	7	NUM
easat-9804	28	33	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	28	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	29	1	these	these	DET
easat-9804	29	2	mixed	mix	VERB
easat-9804	29	3	results	result	NOUN
easat-9804	29	4	highlight	highlight	VERB
easat-9804	29	5	the	the	DET
easat-9804	29	6	need	need	NOUN
easat-9804	29	7	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	29	8	further	further	ADJ
easat-9804	29	9	investigation	investigation	NOUN
easat-9804	29	10	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	29	11	the	the	DET
easat-9804	29	12	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	29	13	context	context	PROPN
easat-9804	29	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	29	15	where	where	SCONJ
easat-9804	29	16	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-9804	29	17	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-9804	29	18	—	—	PUNCT
easat-9804	29	19	such	such	ADJ
easat-9804	29	20	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	29	21	concentrated	concentrated	ADJ
easat-9804	29	22	banking	banking	NOUN
easat-9804	29	23	sectors	sector	NOUN
easat-9804	29	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	29	25	underdeveloped	underdeveloped	ADJ
easat-9804	29	26	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	29	27	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	29	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	29	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	29	30	disparities	disparity	NOUN
easat-9804	29	31	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	29	32	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	29	33	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
easat-9804	29	34	—	—	PUNCT
easat-9804	29	35	may	may	AUX
easat-9804	29	36	shape	shape	VERB
easat-9804	29	37	the	the	DET
easat-9804	29	38	finance	finance	NOUN
easat-9804	29	39	–	–	PUNCT
easat-9804	29	40	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	29	41	nexus	nexus	NOUN
easat-9804	29	42	differently	differently	ADV
easat-9804	29	43	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	29	44	other	other	ADJ
easat-9804	29	45	regions	region	NOUN
easat-9804	29	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	30	1	this	this	DET
easat-9804	30	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-9804	30	3	addresses	address	VERB
easat-9804	30	4	this	this	DET
easat-9804	30	5	gap	gap	NOUN
easat-9804	30	6	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	30	7	examining	examine	VERB
easat-9804	30	8	the	the	DET
easat-9804	30	9	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-9804	30	10	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	30	11	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	30	12	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	30	13	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	30	14	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	30	15	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	30	16	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	30	17	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	30	18	12	12	NUM
easat-9804	30	19	mena	mena	NOUN
easat-9804	30	20	countries	country	NOUN
easat-9804	30	21	over	over	ADP
easat-9804	30	22	the	the	DET
easat-9804	30	23	period	period	NOUN
easat-9804	30	24	1990–2023	1990–2023	NUM
easat-9804	30	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	31	1	fid	fid	NOUN
easat-9804	31	2	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	31	3	used	use	VERB
easat-9804	31	4	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	31	5	a	a	DET
easat-9804	31	6	proxy	proxy	NOUN
easat-9804	31	7	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	31	8	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	31	9	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	31	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	31	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	31	12	the	the	DET
easat-9804	31	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-9804	31	14	incorporates	incorporate	VERB
easat-9804	31	15	key	key	ADJ
easat-9804	31	16	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
easat-9804	31	17	control	control	NOUN
easat-9804	31	18	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-9804	31	19	—	—	PUNCT
easat-9804	31	20	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-9804	31	21	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-9804	31	22	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	31	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	31	24	fdi	fdi	PROPN
easat-9804	31	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	31	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	31	27	government	government	NOUN
easat-9804	31	28	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
easat-9804	31	29	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	31	30	govex	govex	NOUN
easat-9804	31	31	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	31	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	31	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	31	34	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	31	35	openness	openness	NOUN
easat-9804	31	36	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	31	37	trade)—to	trade)—to	ADJ
easat-9804	31	38	capture	capture	VERB
easat-9804	31	39	additional	additional	ADJ
easat-9804	31	40	drivers	driver	NOUN
easat-9804	31	41	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	31	42	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	31	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	32	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	32	2	aim	aim	NOUN
easat-9804	32	3	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	32	4	to	to	PART
easat-9804	32	5	provide	provide	VERB
easat-9804	32	6	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-9804	32	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	32	8	that	that	PRON
easat-9804	32	9	can	can	AUX
easat-9804	32	10	guide	guide	VERB
easat-9804	32	11	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
easat-9804	32	12	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	32	13	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
easat-9804	32	14	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	32	15	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	32	16	to	to	PART
easat-9804	32	17	support	support	VERB
easat-9804	32	18	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
easat-9804	32	19	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	32	20	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	32	21	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	32	22	the	the	DET
easat-9804	32	23	region	region	NOUN
easat-9804	32	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	33	1	2	2	X
easat-9804	33	2	.	.	X
easat-9804	33	3	literature	literature	PROPN
easat-9804	33	4	review	review	PROPN
easat-9804	33	5	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	33	6	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	33	7	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	33	8	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
easat-9804	33	9	recognized	recognize	VERB
easat-9804	33	10	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	33	11	a	a	DET
easat-9804	33	12	key	key	ADJ
easat-9804	33	13	driver	driver	NOUN
easat-9804	33	14	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	33	15	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	33	16	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	33	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	33	18	moving	move	VERB
easat-9804	33	19	beyond	beyond	ADP
easat-9804	33	20	the	the	DET
easat-9804	33	21	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-9804	33	22	neoclassical	neoclassical	ADJ
easat-9804	33	23	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
easat-9804	33	24	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	33	25	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	33	26	accumulation	accumulation	NOUN
easat-9804	33	27	through	through	ADP
easat-9804	33	28	savings	saving	NOUN
easat-9804	33	29	[	[	X
easat-9804	33	30	8	8	NUM
easat-9804	33	31	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	33	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	34	1	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-9804	34	2	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	34	3	theories	theory	NOUN
easat-9804	34	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	34	5	including	include	VERB
easat-9804	34	6	endogenous	endogenous	ADJ
easat-9804	34	7	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	34	8	models	model	NOUN
easat-9804	34	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	34	10	underscore	underscore	VERB
easat-9804	34	11	the	the	DET
easat-9804	34	12	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-9804	34	13	role	role	NOUN
easat-9804	34	14	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	34	15	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	34	16	intermediation	intermediation	NOUN
easat-9804	34	17	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	34	18	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
easat-9804	34	19	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	34	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	34	21	innovation	innovation	NOUN
easat-9804	34	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	34	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	34	24	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-9804	34	25	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-9804	34	26	[	[	X
easat-9804	34	27	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	34	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	34	29	10	10	NUM
easat-9804	34	30	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	34	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	35	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
easat-9804	35	2	earlier	early	ADJ
easat-9804	35	3	frameworks	framework	NOUN
easat-9804	35	4	that	that	PRON
easat-9804	35	5	treated	treat	VERB
easat-9804	35	6	finance	finance	NOUN
easat-9804	35	7	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	35	8	a	a	DET
easat-9804	35	9	passive	passive	ADJ
easat-9804	35	10	channel	channel	NOUN
easat-9804	35	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	35	12	these	these	DET
easat-9804	35	13	models	model	NOUN
easat-9804	35	14	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
easat-9804	35	15	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	35	16	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	35	17	’	'	PUNCT
easat-9804	35	18	active	active	ADJ
easat-9804	35	19	role	role	NOUN
easat-9804	35	20	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	35	21	allocating	allocate	VERB
easat-9804	35	22	resources	resource	NOUN
easat-9804	35	23	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
easat-9804	35	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	35	25	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-9804	35	26	information	information	NOUN
easat-9804	35	27	asymmetries	asymmetry	NOUN
easat-9804	35	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	35	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	35	30	supporting	support	VERB
easat-9804	35	31	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-9804	35	32	advancement	advancement	NOUN
easat-9804	36	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	36	2	11	11	NUM
easat-9804	36	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	36	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	37	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-9804	37	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-9804	37	3	has	have	AUX
easat-9804	37	4	evolved	evolve	VERB
easat-9804	37	5	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
easat-9804	37	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	37	7	shifting	shift	VERB
easat-9804	37	8	focus	focus	NOUN
easat-9804	37	9	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	37	10	broad	broad	ADJ
easat-9804	37	11	monetary	monetary	ADJ
easat-9804	37	12	aggregates	aggregate	NOUN
easat-9804	37	13	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	37	14	detailed	detailed	ADJ
easat-9804	37	15	measures	measure	NOUN
easat-9804	37	16	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	37	17	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	37	18	institution	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	37	19	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	37	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	37	21	fid	fid	NOUN
easat-9804	37	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	37	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	37	24	capturing	capture	VERB
easat-9804	37	25	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
easat-9804	37	26	such	such	ADJ
easat-9804	37	27	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	37	28	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	37	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	37	30	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	37	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	37	32	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-9804	37	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	37	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	37	35	access	access	NOUN
easat-9804	37	36	[	[	X
easat-9804	37	37	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	37	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	37	39	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	37	40	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	37	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	38	1	this	this	DET
easat-9804	38	2	multidimensional	multidimensional	ADJ
easat-9804	38	3	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-9804	38	4	recognizes	recognize	VERB
easat-9804	38	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	38	6	well	well	ADV
easat-9804	38	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	38	8	functioning	function	VERB
easat-9804	38	9	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	38	10	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	38	11	not	not	PART
easat-9804	38	12	only	only	ADV
easat-9804	38	13	mobilize	mobilize	VERB
easat-9804	38	14	savings	saving	NOUN
easat-9804	38	15	but	but	CCONJ
easat-9804	38	16	also	also	ADV
easat-9804	38	17	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-9804	38	18	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	38	19	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
easat-9804	38	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	38	21	resilience	resilience	NOUN
easat-9804	38	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	38	23	which	which	PRON
easat-9804	38	24	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	38	25	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-9804	38	26	relevant	relevant	ADJ
easat-9804	38	27	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	38	28	developing	develop	VERB
easat-9804	38	29	regions	region	NOUN
easat-9804	38	30	like	like	ADP
easat-9804	38	31	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	39	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	39	2	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	39	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	39	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	40	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
easat-9804	40	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	40	3	studies	study	NOUN
easat-9804	40	4	highlight	highlight	VERB
easat-9804	40	5	the	the	DET
easat-9804	40	6	complementary	complementary	ADJ
easat-9804	40	7	roles	role	NOUN
easat-9804	40	8	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	40	9	banks	bank	NOUN
easat-9804	40	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	40	11	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	40	12	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	40	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	40	14	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	40	15	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	40	16	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	40	17	serving	serve	VERB
easat-9804	40	18	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	40	19	pillars	pillar	NOUN
easat-9804	40	20	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	40	21	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	40	22	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	40	23	bank	bank	NOUN
easat-9804	40	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	40	25	dominated	dominate	VERB
easat-9804	40	26	economies	economy	NOUN
easat-9804	40	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	40	28	while	while	SCONJ
easat-9804	40	29	stock	stock	NOUN
easat-9804	40	30	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	40	31	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
easat-9804	40	32	liquidity	liquidity	NOUN
easat-9804	40	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	40	34	risk	risk	NOUN
easat-9804	40	35	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	40	36	sharing	sharing	NOUN
easat-9804	40	37	[	[	X
easat-9804	40	38	6	6	NUM
easat-9804	40	39	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	40	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	41	1	this	this	PRON
easat-9804	41	2	reflects	reflect	VERB
easat-9804	41	3	a	a	DET
easat-9804	41	4	growing	grow	VERB
easat-9804	41	5	consensus	consensus	NOUN
easat-9804	41	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	41	7	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	41	8	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	41	9	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	41	10	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
easat-9804	41	11	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	41	12	sustaining	sustain	VERB
easat-9804	41	13	long	long	ADJ
easat-9804	41	14	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	41	15	term	term	NOUN
easat-9804	41	16	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	41	17	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	41	18	[	[	X
easat-9804	41	19	4	4	NUM
easat-9804	41	20	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	41	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	42	1	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-9804	42	2	studies	study	NOUN
easat-9804	42	3	continue	continue	VERB
easat-9804	42	4	to	to	PART
easat-9804	42	5	underscore	underscore	VERB
easat-9804	42	6	the	the	DET
easat-9804	42	7	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
easat-9804	42	8	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-9804	42	9	between	between	ADP
easat-9804	42	10	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	42	11	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	42	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	42	13	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	42	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	43	1	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	43	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-9804	43	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	43	4	beck	beck	PROPN
easat-9804	43	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	43	6	et	et	PROPN
easat-9804	43	7	al	al	PROPN
easat-9804	43	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	44	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	44	2	11	11	NUM
easat-9804	44	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	44	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	44	5	beck	beck	PROPN
easat-9804	44	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	44	7	et	et	PROPN
easat-9804	44	8	al	al	PROPN
easat-9804	44	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	45	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	45	2	12	12	NUM
easat-9804	45	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	45	4	argue	argue	VERB
easat-9804	45	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	45	6	both	both	PRON
easat-9804	45	7	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	45	8	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-9804	45	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	45	10	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	45	11	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	45	12	crucial	crucial	ADJ
easat-9804	45	13	determinants	determinant	NOUN
easat-9804	45	14	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	45	15	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	45	16	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-9804	45	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	45	18	particularly	particularly	ADV
easat-9804	45	19	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	45	20	emerging	emerge	VERB
easat-9804	45	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	45	22	developing	develop	VERB
easat-9804	45	23	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	45	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	46	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
easat-9804	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	46	3	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	46	4	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
easat-9804	46	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	46	6	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-9804	46	7	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-9804	46	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	46	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	46	10	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	46	11	strength	strength	NOUN
easat-9804	46	12	have	have	AUX
easat-9804	46	13	emerged	emerge	VERB
easat-9804	46	14	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	46	15	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-9804	46	16	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
easat-9804	46	17	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	46	18	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	46	19	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	46	20	that	that	PRON
easat-9804	46	21	influence	influence	VERB
easat-9804	46	22	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	46	23	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
easat-9804	46	24	[	[	X
easat-9804	46	25	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	46	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	46	27	13	13	NUM
easat-9804	46	28	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	46	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	47	1	these	these	DET
easat-9804	47	2	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
easat-9804	47	3	foundations	foundation	NOUN
easat-9804	47	4	collectively	collectively	ADV
easat-9804	47	5	suggest	suggest	VERB
easat-9804	47	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	47	7	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	47	8	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	47	9	when	when	SCONJ
easat-9804	47	10	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
easat-9804	47	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	47	12	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-9804	47	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	47	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	47	15	well	well	ADV
easat-9804	47	16	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	47	17	regulated	regulate	VERB
easat-9804	47	18	can	can	AUX
easat-9804	47	19	act	act	VERB
easat-9804	47	20	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	47	21	a	a	DET
easat-9804	47	22	catalyst	catalyst	NOUN
easat-9804	47	23	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	47	24	sustained	sustained	ADJ
easat-9804	47	25	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	47	26	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	47	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	48	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	48	2	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-9804	48	3	between	between	ADP
easat-9804	48	4	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	48	5	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	48	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	48	7	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	48	8	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	48	9	holds	hold	VERB
easat-9804	48	10	particular	particular	ADJ
easat-9804	48	11	relevance	relevance	NOUN
easat-9804	48	12	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	48	13	countries	country	NOUN
easat-9804	48	14	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	48	15	the	the	DET
easat-9804	48	16	middle	middle	PROPN
easat-9804	48	17	east	east	PROPN
easat-9804	48	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	48	19	north	north	PROPN
easat-9804	48	20	africa	africa	PROPN
easat-9804	48	21	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	48	22	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	48	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	48	24	region	region	NOUN
easat-9804	48	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	48	26	where	where	SCONJ
easat-9804	48	27	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	48	28	systems	system	NOUN
easat-9804	48	29	can	can	AUX
easat-9804	48	30	act	act	VERB
easat-9804	48	31	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	48	32	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-9804	48	33	enablers	enabler	NOUN
easat-9804	48	34	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	48	35	productive	productive	ADJ
easat-9804	48	36	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	48	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	48	38	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
easat-9804	48	39	transformation	transformation	NOUN
easat-9804	48	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	49	1	as	as	SCONJ
easat-9804	49	2	noted	note	VERB
easat-9804	49	3	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	49	4	beck	beck	PROPN
easat-9804	49	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	49	6	levine	levine	PROPN
easat-9804	49	7	[	[	X
easat-9804	49	8	14	14	NUM
easat-9804	49	9	]	]	X
easat-9804	49	10	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-9804	49	11	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	49	12	systems	system	NOUN
easat-9804	49	13	mobilize	mobilize	VERB
easat-9804	49	14	savings	saving	NOUN
easat-9804	49	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	49	16	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-9804	49	17	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	49	18	allocation	allocation	NOUN
easat-9804	49	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	49	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	49	21	facilitate	facilitate	NOUN
easat-9804	49	22	innovation	innovation	NOUN
easat-9804	49	23	—	—	PUNCT
easat-9804	49	24	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
easat-9804	49	25	driving	drive	VERB
easat-9804	49	26	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	49	27	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	49	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	50	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-9804	50	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	50	3	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	50	4	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	50	5	economies	economy	NOUN
easat-9804	50	6	supports	support	VERB
easat-9804	50	7	this	this	DET
easat-9804	50	8	link	link	NOUN
easat-9804	50	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	51	1	al	al	PROPN
easat-9804	51	2	salamat	salamat	PROPN
easat-9804	51	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	51	4	et	et	PROPN
easat-9804	51	5	al	al	PROPN
easat-9804	51	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	52	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	52	2	15	15	NUM
easat-9804	52	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	52	4	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	52	5	autoregressive	autoregressive	ADJ
easat-9804	52	6	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-9804	52	7	lag	lag	NOUN
easat-9804	52	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	52	9	ardl	ardl	NOUN
easat-9804	52	10	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	52	11	models	model	NOUN
easat-9804	52	12	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	52	13	the	the	DET
easat-9804	52	14	period	period	NOUN
easat-9804	52	15	2000–2019	2000–2019	NUM
easat-9804	52	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	52	17	found	find	VERB
easat-9804	52	18	a	a	DET
easat-9804	52	19	statistically	statistically	ADV
easat-9804	52	20	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-9804	52	21	long	long	ADJ
easat-9804	52	22	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	52	23	run	run	NOUN
easat-9804	52	24	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-9804	52	25	between	between	ADP
easat-9804	52	26	stock	stock	NOUN
easat-9804	52	27	market	market	NOUN
easat-9804	52	28	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	52	29	proxied	proxie	VERB
easat-9804	52	30	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	52	31	equity	equity	NOUN
easat-9804	52	32	market	market	NOUN
easat-9804	52	33	indices	index	NOUN
easat-9804	52	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	52	35	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	52	36	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	52	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	53	1	these	these	DET
easat-9804	53	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-9804	53	3	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	53	4	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	53	5	line	line	NOUN
easat-9804	53	6	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	53	7	broader	broad	ADJ
easat-9804	53	8	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-9804	53	9	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	53	10	country	country	ADJ
easat-9804	53	11	studies	study	NOUN
easat-9804	53	12	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	54	1	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	54	2	example	example	NOUN
easat-9804	54	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	54	4	sahay	sahay	PROPN
easat-9804	54	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	54	6	et	et	PROPN
easat-9804	54	7	al	al	PROPN
easat-9804	54	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	55	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	55	2	16	16	NUM
easat-9804	55	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	55	4	employed	employ	VERB
easat-9804	55	5	fully	fully	ADV
easat-9804	55	6	modified	modify	VERB
easat-9804	55	7	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
easat-9804	55	8	least	least	ADJ
easat-9804	55	9	squares	square	NOUN
easat-9804	55	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	55	11	fmols	fmol	NOUN
easat-9804	55	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	55	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	55	14	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
easat-9804	55	15	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
easat-9804	55	16	least	least	ADJ
easat-9804	55	17	squares	square	NOUN
easat-9804	55	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	55	19	dols	dol	NOUN
easat-9804	55	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	55	21	models	model	NOUN
easat-9804	55	22	across	across	ADP
easat-9804	55	23	16	16	NUM
easat-9804	55	24	low	low	ADJ
easat-9804	55	25	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	55	26	income	income	NOUN
easat-9804	55	27	nations	nation	NOUN
easat-9804	55	28	between	between	ADP
easat-9804	55	29	1995	1995	NUM
easat-9804	55	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	55	31	2014	2014	NUM
easat-9804	55	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	55	33	confirming	confirm	VERB
easat-9804	55	34	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	55	35	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	55	36	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-9804	55	37	deepening	deepen	VERB
easat-9804	55	38	both	both	CCONJ
easat-9804	55	39	banking	banking	NOUN
easat-9804	55	40	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	55	41	market	market	NOUN
easat-9804	55	42	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	55	43	based	base	VERB
easat-9804	55	44	positively	positively	ADV
easat-9804	55	45	impacts	impact	VERB
easat-9804	55	46	long	long	ADV
easat-9804	55	47	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	55	48	run	run	VERB
easat-9804	55	49	output	output	NOUN
easat-9804	55	50	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	55	51	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	56	1	research	research	NOUN
easat-9804	56	2	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	56	3	al	al	PROPN
easat-9804	56	4	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	56	5	zeaud	zeaud	PROPN
easat-9804	56	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	56	7	mohammad	mohammad	PROPN
easat-9804	57	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	57	2	17	17	NUM
easat-9804	57	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	57	4	found	find	VERB
easat-9804	57	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	57	6	stock	stock	NOUN
easat-9804	57	7	market	market	NOUN
easat-9804	57	8	indicators	indicator	NOUN
easat-9804	57	9	—	—	PUNCT
easat-9804	57	10	such	such	ADJ
easat-9804	57	11	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	57	12	market	market	NOUN
easat-9804	57	13	capitalization	capitalization	NOUN
easat-9804	57	14	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	57	15	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	57	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	57	17	turnover	turnover	NOUN
easat-9804	57	18	ratios	ratio	NOUN
easat-9804	57	19	—	—	PUNCT
easat-9804	57	20	exert	exert	VERB
easat-9804	57	21	a	a	DET
easat-9804	57	22	statistically	statistically	ADV
easat-9804	57	23	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-9804	57	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	57	25	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-9804	57	26	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	57	27	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	57	28	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	57	29	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	57	30	across	across	ADP
easat-9804	57	31	selected	select	VERB
easat-9804	57	32	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	57	33	countries	country	NOUN
easat-9804	57	34	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	57	35	2000	2000	NUM
easat-9804	57	36	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	57	37	2018	2018	NUM
easat-9804	57	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	58	1	these	these	DET
easat-9804	58	2	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	58	3	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-9804	58	4	liquidity	liquidity	NOUN
easat-9804	58	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	58	6	335	335	NUM
easat-9804	58	7	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-9804	58	8	applied	apply	VERB
easat-9804	58	9	science	science	NOUN
easat-9804	58	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	58	11	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-9804	58	12	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-9804	58	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	58	14	2576	2576	NUM
easat-9804	58	15	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	58	16	8484	8484	NUM
easat-9804	58	17	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	58	18	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	59	1	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	59	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	59	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	59	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	59	5	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	59	6	:	:	SYM
easat-9804	59	7	333	333	NUM
easat-9804	59	8	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	59	9	340	340	NUM
easat-9804	59	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	59	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	59	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-9804	59	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	59	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-9804	59	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	59	16	8484.v9i9.9804	8484.v9i9.9804	NOUN
easat-9804	59	17	©	©	NOUN
easat-9804	59	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	59	19	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	59	20	the	the	DET
easat-9804	59	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-9804	59	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	59	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-9804	59	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-9804	59	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-9804	59	26	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-9804	59	27	transaction	transaction	NOUN
easat-9804	59	28	costs	cost	NOUN
easat-9804	59	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	59	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	59	31	offer	offer	VERB
easat-9804	59	32	diversified	diversified	ADJ
easat-9804	59	33	channels	channel	NOUN
easat-9804	59	34	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	59	35	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	59	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	59	37	complementing	complement	VERB
easat-9804	59	38	traditional	traditional	ADJ
easat-9804	59	39	banking	banking	NOUN
easat-9804	59	40	systems	system	NOUN
easat-9804	59	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	60	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
easat-9804	60	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	60	3	levine	levine	PROPN
easat-9804	60	4	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	60	5	zervos	zervo	NOUN
easat-9804	61	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	61	2	18	18	NUM
easat-9804	61	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	61	4	highlight	highlight	NOUN
easat-9804	61	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	61	6	well	well	ADV
easat-9804	61	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	61	8	functioning	function	VERB
easat-9804	61	9	stock	stock	NOUN
easat-9804	61	10	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	61	11	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	61	12	associated	associate	VERB
easat-9804	61	13	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	61	14	higher	high	ADJ
easat-9804	61	15	rates	rate	NOUN
easat-9804	61	16	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	61	17	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	61	18	accumulation	accumulation	NOUN
easat-9804	61	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	61	20	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	61	21	expansion	expansion	NOUN
easat-9804	61	22	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	61	23	lowering	lower	VERB
easat-9804	61	24	the	the	DET
easat-9804	61	25	cost	cost	NOUN
easat-9804	61	26	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	61	27	equity	equity	NOUN
easat-9804	61	28	financing	financing	NOUN
easat-9804	61	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	61	30	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-9804	61	31	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	61	32	allocation	allocation	NOUN
easat-9804	61	33	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	61	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	62	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
easat-9804	62	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	62	3	caporale	caporale	NOUN
easat-9804	62	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	62	5	et	et	PROPN
easat-9804	62	6	al	al	PROPN
easat-9804	62	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	63	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	63	2	19	19	NUM
easat-9804	63	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	63	4	observed	observe	VERB
easat-9804	63	5	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	63	6	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	63	7	emerging	emerge	VERB
easat-9804	63	8	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	63	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	63	10	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	63	11	market	market	NOUN
easat-9804	63	12	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	63	13	contributes	contribute	VERB
easat-9804	63	14	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	63	15	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
easat-9804	63	16	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	63	17	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	63	18	spreading	spread	VERB
easat-9804	63	19	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	63	20	risks	risk	NOUN
easat-9804	63	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	63	22	providing	provide	VERB
easat-9804	63	23	buffers	buffer	NOUN
easat-9804	63	24	against	against	ADP
easat-9804	63	25	shocks	shock	NOUN
easat-9804	63	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	64	1	recent	recent	ADJ
easat-9804	64	2	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
easat-9804	64	3	trends	trend	NOUN
easat-9804	64	4	also	also	ADV
easat-9804	64	5	influence	influence	VERB
easat-9804	64	6	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	64	7	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-9804	64	8	performance	performance	NOUN
easat-9804	64	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	65	1	according	accord	VERB
easat-9804	65	2	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	65	3	the	the	DET
easat-9804	65	4	world	world	NOUN
easat-9804	65	5	complementary	complementary	ADJ
easat-9804	65	6	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	65	7	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	65	8	sub	sub	ADJ
easat-9804	65	9	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	65	10	saharan	saharan	ADJ
easat-9804	65	11	africa	africa	PROPN
easat-9804	65	12	reinforces	reinforce	VERB
easat-9804	65	13	the	the	DET
easat-9804	65	14	role	role	NOUN
easat-9804	65	15	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	65	16	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	65	17	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	65	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	65	19	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	65	20	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	65	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	66	1	bekele	bekele	PROPN
easat-9804	66	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	66	3	et	et	PROPN
easat-9804	66	4	al	al	PROPN
easat-9804	66	5	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	67	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	67	2	20	20	NUM
easat-9804	67	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	67	4	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	67	5	a	a	DET
easat-9804	67	6	two	two	NUM
easat-9804	67	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	67	8	step	step	NOUN
easat-9804	67	9	system	system	NOUN
easat-9804	67	10	generalized	generalize	VERB
easat-9804	67	11	method	method	NOUN
easat-9804	67	12	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	67	13	moments	moment	NOUN
easat-9804	67	14	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	67	15	gmm	gmm	NOUN
easat-9804	67	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	67	17	model	model	NOUN
easat-9804	67	18	across	across	ADP
easat-9804	67	19	25	25	NUM
easat-9804	67	20	countries	country	NOUN
easat-9804	67	21	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	67	22	2010	2010	NUM
easat-9804	67	23	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	67	24	2017	2017	NUM
easat-9804	67	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	67	26	found	find	VERB
easat-9804	67	27	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	67	28	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-9804	67	29	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	67	30	credit	credit	NOUN
easat-9804	67	31	provision	provision	NOUN
easat-9804	67	32	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	67	33	the	the	DET
easat-9804	67	34	private	private	ADJ
easat-9804	67	35	sector	sector	NOUN
easat-9804	67	36	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-9804	67	37	enhanced	enhance	VERB
easat-9804	67	38	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	67	39	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	67	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	67	41	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-9804	67	42	the	the	DET
easat-9804	67	43	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-9804	67	44	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	67	45	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	67	46	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-9804	67	47	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	67	48	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	67	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	68	1	overall	overall	ADV
easat-9804	68	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	68	3	the	the	DET
easat-9804	68	4	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-9804	68	5	suggests	suggest	VERB
easat-9804	68	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	68	7	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	68	8	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	68	9	through	through	ADP
easat-9804	68	10	both	both	DET
easat-9804	68	11	banking	banking	NOUN
easat-9804	68	12	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	68	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	68	14	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	68	15	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	68	16	has	have	VERB
easat-9804	68	17	the	the	DET
easat-9804	68	18	potential	potential	NOUN
easat-9804	68	19	to	to	PART
easat-9804	68	20	accelerate	accelerate	VERB
easat-9804	68	21	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	68	22	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	68	23	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	68	24	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	68	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	69	1	however	however	ADV
easat-9804	69	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	69	3	this	this	DET
easat-9804	69	4	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-9804	69	5	depends	depend	VERB
easat-9804	69	6	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	69	7	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	69	8	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-9804	69	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	69	10	investor	investor	NOUN
easat-9804	69	11	protection	protection	NOUN
easat-9804	69	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	69	13	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
easat-9804	69	14	oversight	oversight	NOUN
easat-9804	69	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	69	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	69	17	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	69	18	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
easat-9804	69	19	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
easat-9804	69	20	that	that	PRON
easat-9804	69	21	promote	promote	VERB
easat-9804	69	22	access	access	NOUN
easat-9804	69	23	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	69	24	finance	finance	NOUN
easat-9804	69	25	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	69	26	a	a	DET
easat-9804	69	27	broad	broad	ADJ
easat-9804	69	28	segment	segment	NOUN
easat-9804	69	29	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	69	30	the	the	DET
easat-9804	69	31	population	population	NOUN
easat-9804	69	32	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	69	33	firms	firm	NOUN
easat-9804	69	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	70	1	government	government	NOUN
easat-9804	70	2	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
easat-9804	70	3	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	70	4	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-9804	70	5	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-9804	70	6	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	70	7	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	70	8	fdi	fdi	NOUN
easat-9804	70	9	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	70	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	70	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	70	12	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	70	13	remain	remain	VERB
easat-9804	70	14	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-9804	70	15	determinants	determinant	NOUN
easat-9804	70	16	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	70	17	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	70	18	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	70	19	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	70	20	the	the	DET
easat-9804	70	21	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	70	22	region	region	PROPN
easat-9804	70	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	70	24	albeit	albeit	SCONJ
easat-9804	70	25	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	70	26	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-9804	70	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	70	28	context	context	NOUN
easat-9804	70	29	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	70	30	specific	specific	ADJ
easat-9804	70	31	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	70	32	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	71	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-9804	71	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	71	3	highlights	highlight	NOUN
easat-9804	71	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	71	5	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	71	6	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
easat-9804	71	7	such	such	ADJ
easat-9804	71	8	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	71	9	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-9804	71	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	71	11	human	human	ADJ
easat-9804	71	12	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	71	13	investments	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	71	14	positively	positively	ADV
easat-9804	71	15	influence	influence	VERB
easat-9804	71	16	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	71	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	71	18	while	while	SCONJ
easat-9804	71	19	recurrent	recurrent	ADJ
easat-9804	71	20	spending	spending	NOUN
easat-9804	71	21	may	may	AUX
easat-9804	71	22	hinder	hinder	VERB
easat-9804	71	23	it	it	PRON
easat-9804	71	24	due	due	ADJ
easat-9804	71	25	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	71	26	crowding	crowd	VERB
easat-9804	71	27	out	out	ADP
easat-9804	71	28	[	[	X
easat-9804	71	29	21	21	NUM
easat-9804	71	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	71	31	22	22	NUM
easat-9804	71	32	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	71	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	72	1	fdi	fdi	NOUN
easat-9804	72	2	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	72	3	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-9804	72	4	varies	vary	VERB
easat-9804	72	5	across	across	ADP
easat-9804	72	6	countries	country	NOUN
easat-9804	72	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	72	8	depending	depend	VERB
easat-9804	72	9	largely	largely	ADV
easat-9804	72	10	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	72	11	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
easat-9804	72	12	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	72	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	72	14	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	72	15	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-9804	72	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	72	17	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	72	18	reforms	reform	NOUN
easat-9804	72	19	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-9804	72	20	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	72	21	climates	climate	NOUN
easat-9804	72	22	showing	show	VERB
easat-9804	72	23	stronger	strong	ADJ
easat-9804	72	24	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	72	25	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	72	26	[	[	X
easat-9804	72	27	23	23	NUM
easat-9804	72	28	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	72	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	73	1	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	73	2	openness	openness	NOUN
easat-9804	73	3	fosters	foster	VERB
easat-9804	73	4	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	73	5	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	73	6	expanding	expand	VERB
easat-9804	73	7	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	73	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	73	9	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
easat-9804	73	10	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-9804	73	11	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
easat-9804	73	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	73	13	yet	yet	CCONJ
easat-9804	73	14	its	its	PRON
easat-9804	73	15	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-9804	73	16	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	73	17	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	73	18	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	73	19	moderated	moderate	VERB
easat-9804	73	20	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	73	21	export	export	NOUN
easat-9804	73	22	diversification	diversification	NOUN
easat-9804	73	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	73	24	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	73	25	capacity	capacity	NOUN
easat-9804	73	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	73	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	73	28	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-9804	73	29	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-9804	73	30	challenges	challenge	NOUN
easat-9804	73	31	[	[	X
easat-9804	73	32	24	24	NUM
easat-9804	73	33	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	73	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	74	1	together	together	ADV
easat-9804	74	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	74	3	these	these	DET
easat-9804	74	4	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-9804	74	5	underscore	underscore	VERB
easat-9804	74	6	the	the	DET
easat-9804	74	7	importance	importance	NOUN
easat-9804	74	8	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	74	9	coordinated	coordinate	VERB
easat-9804	74	10	policies	policy	NOUN
easat-9804	74	11	that	that	PRON
easat-9804	74	12	improve	improve	VERB
easat-9804	74	13	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
easat-9804	74	14	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	74	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	74	16	attract	attract	VERB
easat-9804	74	17	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
easat-9804	74	18	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-9804	74	19	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	74	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	74	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	74	22	deepen	deepen	VERB
easat-9804	74	23	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	74	24	linkages	linkage	NOUN
easat-9804	74	25	to	to	PART
easat-9804	74	26	promote	promote	VERB
easat-9804	74	27	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
easat-9804	74	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	74	29	resilient	resilient	ADJ
easat-9804	74	30	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	74	31	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	74	32	the	the	DET
easat-9804	74	33	region	region	NOUN
easat-9804	74	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	1	3	3	X
easat-9804	75	2	.	.	X
easat-9804	75	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
easat-9804	75	4	the	the	DET
easat-9804	75	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-9804	75	6	covers	cover	VERB
easat-9804	75	7	a	a	DET
easat-9804	75	8	balanced	balanced	ADJ
easat-9804	75	9	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	75	10	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	75	11	12	12	NUM
easat-9804	75	12	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	75	13	countries	countries	PROPN
easat-9804	75	14	—	—	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	15	lebanon	lebanon	PROPN
easat-9804	75	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	17	saudi	saudi	PROPN
easat-9804	75	18	arabia	arabia	PROPN
easat-9804	75	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	20	turkey	turkey	PROPN
easat-9804	75	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	22	the	the	DET
easat-9804	75	23	united	united	PROPN
easat-9804	75	24	arab	arab	PROPN
easat-9804	75	25	emirates	emirates	PROPN
easat-9804	75	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	27	bahrain	bahrain	NOUN
easat-9804	75	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	29	morocco	morocco	PROPN
easat-9804	75	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	31	jordan	jordan	PROPN
easat-9804	75	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	33	kuwait	kuwait	PROPN
easat-9804	75	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	35	oman	oman	PROPN
easat-9804	75	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	37	qatar	qatar	PROPN
easat-9804	75	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	39	tunisia	tunisia	PROPN
easat-9804	75	40	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	75	42	egypt	egypt	PROPN
easat-9804	75	43	—	—	PUNCT
easat-9804	75	44	over	over	ADP
easat-9804	75	45	the	the	DET
easat-9804	75	46	period	period	NOUN
easat-9804	75	47	1990–2023	1990–2023	NUM
easat-9804	75	48	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	76	1	annual	annual	ADJ
easat-9804	76	2	data	datum	NOUN
easat-9804	76	3	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	76	4	sourced	source	VERB
easat-9804	76	5	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	76	6	the	the	DET
easat-9804	76	7	world	world	PROPN
easat-9804	76	8	bank	bank	PROPN
easat-9804	76	9	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	76	10	world	world	NOUN
easat-9804	76	11	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	76	12	indicators	indicator	NOUN
easat-9804	76	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	76	14	the	the	DET
easat-9804	76	15	international	international	ADJ
easat-9804	76	16	monetary	monetary	ADJ
easat-9804	76	17	fund	fund	PROPN
easat-9804	76	18	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	76	19	databases	database	NOUN
easat-9804	76	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	77	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	77	2	dependent	dependent	ADJ
easat-9804	77	3	variable	variable	NOUN
easat-9804	77	4	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	77	5	real	real	ADJ
easat-9804	77	6	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	77	7	per	per	ADP
easat-9804	77	8	capita	capita	X
easat-9804	77	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	77	10	constant	constant	ADJ
easat-9804	77	11	us	us	PROPN
easat-9804	77	12	dollars	dollar	NOUN
easat-9804	77	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	77	14	2015	2015	NUM
easat-9804	77	15	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	77	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	77	17	serving	serve	VERB
easat-9804	77	18	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	77	19	a	a	DET
easat-9804	77	20	proxy	proxy	NOUN
easat-9804	77	21	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	77	22	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	77	23	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	77	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	78	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	78	2	key	key	ADJ
easat-9804	78	3	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
easat-9804	78	4	variable	variable	NOUN
easat-9804	78	5	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	78	6	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	78	7	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	78	8	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	78	9	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	78	10	fid	fid	NOUN
easat-9804	78	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	78	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	78	13	measured	measure	VERB
easat-9804	78	14	according	accord	VERB
easat-9804	78	15	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	78	16	the	the	DET
easat-9804	78	17	multidimensional	multidimensional	ADJ
easat-9804	78	18	index	index	NOUN
easat-9804	78	19	proposed	propose	VERB
easat-9804	78	20	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	78	21	svirydzenka	svirydzenka	NOUN
easat-9804	79	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	79	2	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	79	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	79	4	which	which	PRON
easat-9804	79	5	integrates	integrate	VERB
easat-9804	79	6	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	79	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	79	8	depth	depth	NOUN
easat-9804	79	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	79	10	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	79	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	79	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	79	13	access	access	NOUN
easat-9804	79	14	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	80	1	control	control	NOUN
easat-9804	80	2	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-9804	80	3	include	include	VERB
easat-9804	80	4	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-9804	80	5	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-9804	80	6	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	80	7	inflows	inflow	NOUN
easat-9804	80	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	80	9	%	%	NOUN
easat-9804	80	10	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	80	11	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	80	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	80	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	80	14	government	government	NOUN
easat-9804	80	15	final	final	ADJ
easat-9804	80	16	consumption	consumption	NOUN
easat-9804	80	17	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
easat-9804	80	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	80	19	%	%	NOUN
easat-9804	80	20	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	80	21	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	80	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	80	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	80	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	80	25	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	80	26	openness	openness	NOUN
easat-9804	80	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	80	28	sum	sum	NOUN
easat-9804	80	29	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	80	30	exports	export	NOUN
easat-9804	80	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	80	32	imports	import	NOUN
easat-9804	80	33	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	80	34	a	a	DET
easat-9804	80	35	percentage	percentage	NOUN
easat-9804	80	36	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	80	37	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	80	38	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	80	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	81	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	81	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-9804	81	3	strategy	strategy	NOUN
easat-9804	81	4	begins	begin	VERB
easat-9804	81	5	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	81	6	pooled	pooled	ADJ
easat-9804	81	7	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
easat-9804	81	8	least	least	ADJ
easat-9804	81	9	squares	square	NOUN
easat-9804	81	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	81	11	pols	pol	NOUN
easat-9804	81	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	81	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	81	14	fixed	fix	VERB
easat-9804	81	15	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	81	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	81	17	fe	fe	NOUN
easat-9804	81	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	81	19	estimations	estimation	NOUN
easat-9804	81	20	to	to	PART
easat-9804	81	21	establish	establish	VERB
easat-9804	81	22	the	the	DET
easat-9804	81	23	baseline	baseline	NOUN
easat-9804	81	24	relationship	relationship	NOUN
easat-9804	81	25	between	between	ADP
easat-9804	81	26	fid	fid	NOUN
easat-9804	81	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	81	28	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	81	29	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	81	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	82	1	diagnostic	diagnostic	ADJ
easat-9804	82	2	tests	test	NOUN
easat-9804	82	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
easat-9804	82	4	the	the	DET
easat-9804	82	5	presence	presence	NOUN
easat-9804	82	6	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	82	7	heteroskedasticity	heteroskedasticity	NOUN
easat-9804	82	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	82	9	serial	serial	ADJ
easat-9804	82	10	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	82	11	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	82	12	the	the	DET
easat-9804	82	13	pols	pol	NOUN
easat-9804	82	14	residuals	residual	NOUN
easat-9804	82	15	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	82	16	therefore	therefore	ADV
easat-9804	82	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	82	18	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-9804	82	19	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-9804	82	20	errors	error	NOUN
easat-9804	82	21	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	82	22	computed	compute	VERB
easat-9804	82	23	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	82	24	the	the	DET
easat-9804	82	25	driscoll	driscoll	NOUN
easat-9804	82	26	–	–	PUNCT
easat-9804	82	27	kraay	kraay	ADJ
easat-9804	82	28	method	method	NOUN
easat-9804	82	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	82	30	which	which	PRON
easat-9804	82	31	accounts	account	VERB
easat-9804	82	32	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	82	33	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-9804	82	34	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	82	35	sectional	sectional	ADJ
easat-9804	82	36	dependence	dependence	NOUN
easat-9804	82	37	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	82	38	autocorrelation	autocorrelation	NOUN
easat-9804	82	39	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	82	40	the	the	DET
easat-9804	82	41	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	82	42	data	datum	NOUN
easat-9804	82	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	83	1	all	all	DET
easat-9804	83	2	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-9804	83	3	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	83	4	log	log	NOUN
easat-9804	83	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	83	6	transformed	transform	VERB
easat-9804	83	7	to	to	PART
easat-9804	83	8	reduce	reduce	VERB
easat-9804	83	9	skewness	skewness	NOUN
easat-9804	83	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	83	11	allow	allow	VERB
easat-9804	83	12	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	83	13	elasticity	elasticity	NOUN
easat-9804	83	14	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
easat-9804	83	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	84	1	model	model	NOUN
easat-9804	84	2	estimation	estimation	NOUN
easat-9804	84	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	84	4	statistical	statistical	ADJ
easat-9804	84	5	tests	test	NOUN
easat-9804	84	6	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	84	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
easat-9804	84	8	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	84	9	stata	stata	NOUN
easat-9804	84	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	85	2	estimated	estimate	VERB
easat-9804	85	3	model	model	NOUN
easat-9804	85	4	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	85	5	specified	specify	VERB
easat-9804	85	6	as	as	ADP
easat-9804	85	7	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	8	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	85	9	=	=	PROPN
easat-9804	85	10	f	f	PROPN
easat-9804	85	11	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	12	fid	fid	PROPN
easat-9804	85	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	14	tr	tr	VERB
easat-9804	85	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	16	fdi	fdi	NOUN
easat-9804	85	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	18	govex	govex	NOUN
easat-9804	85	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	20	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	21	1	1	X
easat-9804	85	22	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	23	lngdppcit	lngdppcit	NOUN
easat-9804	85	24	=	=	SYM
easat-9804	85	25	α+β1fidit+β2fdiit+β3govexit+β4trit+	α+β1fidit+β2fdiit+β3govexit+β4trit+	NUM
easat-9804	85	26	εit	εit	NOUN
easat-9804	85	27	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	28	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	85	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	30	336	336	NUM
easat-9804	85	31	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-9804	85	32	applied	apply	VERB
easat-9804	85	33	science	science	NOUN
easat-9804	85	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	85	35	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-9804	85	36	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-9804	85	37	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	85	38	2576	2576	NUM
easat-9804	85	39	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	85	40	8484	8484	NUM
easat-9804	85	41	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	85	42	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	86	1	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	86	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	86	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	86	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	86	5	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	86	6	:	:	SYM
easat-9804	86	7	333	333	NUM
easat-9804	86	8	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	86	9	340	340	NUM
easat-9804	86	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	86	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	86	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-9804	86	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	86	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-9804	86	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	86	16	8484.v9i9.9804	8484.v9i9.9804	NOUN
easat-9804	86	17	©	©	NOUN
easat-9804	86	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	86	19	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	86	20	the	the	DET
easat-9804	86	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-9804	86	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	86	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-9804	86	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-9804	86	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-9804	86	26	4	4	PROPN
easat-9804	86	27	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	86	28	results	result	NOUN
easat-9804	86	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	86	30	discussion	discussion	NOUN
easat-9804	86	31	this	this	DET
easat-9804	86	32	section	section	NOUN
easat-9804	86	33	presents	present	VERB
easat-9804	86	34	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
easat-9804	86	35	statistics	statistic	NOUN
easat-9804	86	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	86	37	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	86	38	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-9804	86	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	86	40	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-9804	86	41	results	result	NOUN
easat-9804	86	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	86	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	86	44	diagnostic	diagnostic	ADJ
easat-9804	86	45	tests	test	NOUN
easat-9804	86	46	to	to	PART
easat-9804	86	47	examine	examine	VERB
easat-9804	86	48	the	the	DET
easat-9804	86	49	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-9804	86	50	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	86	51	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	86	52	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	86	53	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	86	54	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	86	55	fid	fid	NOUN
easat-9804	86	56	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	86	57	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	86	58	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	86	59	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	86	60	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	86	61	the	the	DET
easat-9804	86	62	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	86	63	region	region	PROPN
easat-9804	86	64	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	87	1	4.1	4.1	NUM
easat-9804	87	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	87	3	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
easat-9804	87	4	statistics	statistic	NOUN
easat-9804	87	5	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	87	6	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	87	7	summarizes	summarize	NOUN
easat-9804	87	8	key	key	ADJ
easat-9804	87	9	statistics	statistic	NOUN
easat-9804	87	10	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	87	11	the	the	DET
easat-9804	87	12	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-9804	87	13	under	under	ADP
easat-9804	87	14	study	study	NOUN
easat-9804	87	15	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	88	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	88	2	average	average	ADJ
easat-9804	88	3	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	88	4	per	per	ADP
easat-9804	88	5	capita	capita	NOUN
easat-9804	88	6	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	88	7	approximately	approximately	ADV
easat-9804	88	8	19,465	19,465	NUM
easat-9804	88	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	88	10	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	88	11	a	a	DET
easat-9804	88	12	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-9804	88	13	deviation	deviation	NOUN
easat-9804	88	14	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	88	15	18,904	18,904	NUM
easat-9804	88	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	88	17	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-9804	88	18	moderate	moderate	ADJ
easat-9804	88	19	dispersion	dispersion	NOUN
easat-9804	88	20	around	around	ADP
easat-9804	88	21	the	the	DET
easat-9804	88	22	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-9804	88	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	89	1	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	89	2	openness	openness	NOUN
easat-9804	89	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	89	4	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	89	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	89	6	averages	average	NOUN
easat-9804	89	7	88.48	88.48	NUM
easat-9804	89	8	%	%	NOUN
easat-9804	89	9	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	89	10	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	89	11	but	but	CCONJ
easat-9804	89	12	varies	vary	VERB
easat-9804	89	13	widely	widely	ADV
easat-9804	89	14	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	89	15	29.86	29.86	NUM
easat-9804	89	16	%	%	NOUN
easat-9804	89	17	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	89	18	202.33	202.33	NUM
easat-9804	89	19	%	%	NOUN
easat-9804	89	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	89	21	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-9804	89	22	diverse	diverse	ADJ
easat-9804	89	23	degrees	degree	NOUN
easat-9804	89	24	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	89	25	global	global	ADJ
easat-9804	89	26	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	89	27	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-9804	89	28	among	among	ADP
easat-9804	89	29	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	89	30	countries	countries	PROPN
easat-9804	89	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	90	1	government	government	NOUN
easat-9804	90	2	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
easat-9804	90	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	90	4	govex	govex	NOUN
easat-9804	90	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	90	6	shows	show	VERB
easat-9804	90	7	substantial	substantial	ADJ
easat-9804	90	8	heterogeneity	heterogeneity	NOUN
easat-9804	90	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	90	10	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	90	11	a	a	DET
easat-9804	90	12	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-9804	90	13	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	90	14	17.58	17.58	NUM
easat-9804	90	15	%	%	NOUN
easat-9804	90	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	90	17	a	a	DET
easat-9804	90	18	range	range	NOUN
easat-9804	90	19	spanning	span	VERB
easat-9804	90	20	2.36	2.36	NUM
easat-9804	90	21	%	%	NOUN
easat-9804	90	22	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	90	23	76.22	76.22	NUM
easat-9804	90	24	%	%	NOUN
easat-9804	90	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	91	1	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-9804	91	2	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-9804	91	3	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	91	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	91	5	fdi	fdi	NOUN
easat-9804	91	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	91	7	averages	average	VERB
easat-9804	91	8	2.72	2.72	NUM
easat-9804	91	9	%	%	NOUN
easat-9804	91	10	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	91	11	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	91	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	91	13	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	91	14	both	both	CCONJ
easat-9804	91	15	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-9804	91	16	inflows	inflow	NOUN
easat-9804	91	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	91	18	net	net	ADJ
easat-9804	91	19	disinvestments	disinvestment	NOUN
easat-9804	91	20	observed	observe	VERB
easat-9804	91	21	across	across	ADP
easat-9804	91	22	the	the	DET
easat-9804	91	23	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	91	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	92	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	92	2	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	92	3	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	92	4	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	92	5	index	index	NOUN
easat-9804	92	6	has	have	VERB
easat-9804	92	7	a	a	DET
easat-9804	92	8	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-9804	92	9	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	92	10	0.361	0.361	NUM
easat-9804	92	11	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	92	12	a	a	DET
easat-9804	92	13	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-9804	92	14	deviation	deviation	NOUN
easat-9804	92	15	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	92	16	0.081	0.081	NUM
easat-9804	92	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	92	18	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-9804	92	19	data	datum	NOUN
easat-9804	92	20	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	92	21	clustered	cluster	VERB
easat-9804	92	22	closely	closely	ADV
easat-9804	92	23	around	around	ADP
easat-9804	92	24	the	the	DET
easat-9804	92	25	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-9804	92	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	93	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	93	2	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	93	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	93	4	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
easat-9804	93	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
easat-9804	93	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	94	1	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-9804	94	2	mean	mean	VERB
easat-9804	94	3	sd	sd	ADP
easat-9804	94	4	minimum	minimum	ADJ
easat-9804	94	5	maximum	maximum	ADJ
easat-9804	94	6	gdppc	gdppc	NOUN
easat-9804	94	7	19465.294	19465.294	NUM
easat-9804	94	8	18904.061	18904.061	NUM
easat-9804	94	9	1680.71	1680.71	NUM
easat-9804	94	10	81608.572	81608.572	NUM
easat-9804	94	11	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	94	12	88.475	88.475	NUM
easat-9804	94	13	34.266	34.266	NUM
easat-9804	94	14	29.857	29.857	NUM
easat-9804	94	15	202.333	202.333	NUM
easat-9804	94	16	govex	govex	NOUN
easat-9804	94	17	17.575	17.575	NUM
easat-9804	94	18	6.632	6.632	NUM
easat-9804	94	19	2.36	2.36	NUM
easat-9804	94	20	76.222	76.222	NUM
easat-9804	94	21	fdi	fdi	NOUN
easat-9804	94	22	2.722	2.722	NUM
easat-9804	94	23	3.595	3.595	NUM
easat-9804	94	24	-4.651	-4.651	NUM
easat-9804	94	25	29.52	29.52	NUM
easat-9804	94	26	fid	fid	NOUN
easat-9804	94	27	0.361	0.361	NUM
easat-9804	94	28	0.081	0.081	NUM
easat-9804	94	29	0.08	0.08	NUM
easat-9804	94	30	0.53	0.53	NUM
easat-9804	94	31	source	source	NOUN
easat-9804	94	32	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	94	33	author	author	NOUN
easat-9804	94	34	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	94	35	calculation	calculation	NOUN
easat-9804	94	36	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	94	37	stata	stata	NOUN
easat-9804	94	38	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	95	1	4.2	4.2	NUM
easat-9804	95	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	95	3	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	95	4	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-9804	95	5	the	the	DET
easat-9804	95	6	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	95	7	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-9804	95	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	95	9	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	95	10	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	95	11	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	95	12	reveals	reveal	VERB
easat-9804	95	13	a	a	DET
easat-9804	95	14	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-9804	95	15	but	but	CCONJ
easat-9804	95	16	weak	weak	ADJ
easat-9804	95	17	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	95	18	between	between	ADP
easat-9804	95	19	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	95	20	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	95	21	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	95	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	95	23	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	95	24	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	95	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	95	26	r	r	NOUN
easat-9804	95	27	=	=	SYM
easat-9804	95	28	0.1941	0.1941	NUM
easat-9804	95	29	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	95	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	95	31	implying	imply	VERB
easat-9804	95	32	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	95	33	the	the	DET
easat-9804	95	34	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	95	35	system	system	NOUN
easat-9804	95	36	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	95	37	influence	influence	NOUN
easat-9804	95	38	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	95	39	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	95	40	remains	remain	VERB
easat-9804	95	41	modest	modest	ADJ
easat-9804	95	42	—	—	PUNCT
easat-9804	95	43	possibly	possibly	ADV
easat-9804	95	44	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-9804	95	45	the	the	DET
easat-9804	95	46	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	95	47	crises	crisis	NOUN
easat-9804	95	48	experienced	experience	VERB
easat-9804	95	49	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	95	50	some	some	DET
easat-9804	95	51	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	95	52	countries	countries	PROPN
easat-9804	95	53	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	96	1	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	96	2	openness	openness	NOUN
easat-9804	96	3	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
easat-9804	96	4	a	a	DET
easat-9804	96	5	stronger	strong	ADJ
easat-9804	96	6	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-9804	96	7	association	association	NOUN
easat-9804	96	8	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	96	9	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	96	10	per	per	ADP
easat-9804	96	11	capita	capita	X
easat-9804	96	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	96	13	r	r	NOUN
easat-9804	96	14	=	=	SYM
easat-9804	96	15	0.3781	0.3781	NUM
easat-9804	96	16	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	96	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	97	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
easat-9804	97	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	97	3	fdi	fdi	NOUN
easat-9804	97	4	correlates	correlate	VERB
easat-9804	97	5	negatively	negatively	ADV
easat-9804	97	6	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	97	7	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	97	8	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	97	9	r	r	NOUN
easat-9804	97	10	=	=	SYM
easat-9804	97	11	-0.105	-0.105	NOUN
easat-9804	97	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	97	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	97	14	which	which	PRON
easat-9804	97	15	may	may	AUX
easat-9804	97	16	reflect	reflect	VERB
easat-9804	97	17	political	political	ADJ
easat-9804	97	18	instability	instability	NOUN
easat-9804	97	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	97	20	conflict	conflict	NOUN
easat-9804	97	21	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	97	22	parts	part	NOUN
easat-9804	97	23	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	97	24	the	the	DET
easat-9804	97	25	region	region	NOUN
easat-9804	97	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	98	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	98	2	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	98	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	98	4	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	98	5	matrix	matrix	NOUN
easat-9804	98	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	99	1	variables	variable	NOUN
easat-9804	99	2	gdppc	gdppc	PROPN
easat-9804	99	3	fid	fid	PROPN
easat-9804	99	4	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	99	5	govex	govex	PROPN
easat-9804	99	6	fdi	fdi	NOUN
easat-9804	99	7	gdppc	gdppc	NOUN
easat-9804	99	8	1.000	1.000	NUM
easat-9804	99	9	fid	fid	NOUN
easat-9804	99	10	0.1941	0.1941	NUM
easat-9804	99	11	*	*	SYM
easat-9804	99	12	1.000	1.000	NUM
easat-9804	99	13	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	99	14	0.3781	0.3781	NUM
easat-9804	99	15	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	99	16	0.3543	0.3543	NUM
easat-9804	99	17	*	*	SYM
easat-9804	99	18	1.000	1.000	NUM
easat-9804	99	19	govex	govex	NOUN
easat-9804	99	20	0.0713	0.0713	NUM
easat-9804	99	21	0.1878	0.1878	NUM
easat-9804	99	22	*	*	SYM
easat-9804	99	23	0.0865	0.0865	NUM
easat-9804	99	24	1.000	1.000	NUM
easat-9804	99	25	fdi	fdi	NOUN
easat-9804	99	26	-0.105	-0.105	NOUN
easat-9804	99	27	*	*	NOUN
easat-9804	99	28	0.2390	0.2390	NUM
easat-9804	99	29	*	*	SYM
easat-9804	99	30	0.3181	0.3181	NUM
easat-9804	99	31	*	*	SYM
easat-9804	99	32	-0.1470	-0.1470	PROPN
easat-9804	99	33	*	*	NUM
easat-9804	99	34	1.000	1.000	NUM
easat-9804	99	35	source	source	NOUN
easat-9804	99	36	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	99	37	author	author	NOUN
easat-9804	99	38	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	99	39	calculation	calculation	NOUN
easat-9804	99	40	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	99	41	stata	stata	NOUN
easat-9804	99	42	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	100	1	4.3	4.3	NUM
easat-9804	100	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	101	1	regression	regression	VERB
easat-9804	101	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-9804	101	3	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	101	4	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	101	5	reports	report	NOUN
easat-9804	101	6	results	result	VERB
easat-9804	101	7	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	101	8	pooled	pool	VERB
easat-9804	101	9	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
easat-9804	101	10	least	least	ADJ
easat-9804	101	11	squares	square	NOUN
easat-9804	101	12	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	101	13	pols	pol	NOUN
easat-9804	101	14	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	101	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	101	16	fixed	fix	VERB
easat-9804	101	17	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	101	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	101	19	fe	fe	NOUN
easat-9804	101	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	101	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	101	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	101	23	random	random	ADJ
easat-9804	101	24	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	101	25	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	101	26	re	re	NOUN
easat-9804	101	27	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	101	28	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	101	29	regressions	regression	NOUN
easat-9804	101	30	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	101	31	driscoll	driscoll	NOUN
easat-9804	101	32	–	–	PUNCT
easat-9804	101	33	kraay	kraay	ADJ
easat-9804	101	34	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-9804	101	35	errors	error	NOUN
easat-9804	101	36	to	to	PART
easat-9804	101	37	correct	correct	VERB
easat-9804	101	38	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	101	39	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-9804	101	40	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	101	41	sectional	sectional	ADJ
easat-9804	101	42	dependence	dependence	NOUN
easat-9804	101	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	101	44	heteroskedasticity	heteroskedasticity	NOUN
easat-9804	101	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	102	1	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	102	2	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	102	3	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	102	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	102	5	fid	fid	NOUN
easat-9804	102	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	102	7	consistently	consistently	ADV
easat-9804	102	8	shows	show	VERB
easat-9804	102	9	a	a	DET
easat-9804	102	10	strong	strong	ADJ
easat-9804	102	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	102	12	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-9804	102	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	102	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	102	15	statistically	statistically	ADV
easat-9804	102	16	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-9804	102	17	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-9804	102	18	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	102	19	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	102	20	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	102	21	across	across	ADP
easat-9804	102	22	all	all	DET
easat-9804	102	23	models	model	NOUN
easat-9804	102	24	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	102	25	β	β	X
easat-9804	102	26	≈	≈	PROPN
easat-9804	102	27	2.38	2.38	NUM
easat-9804	102	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	102	29	p	p	X
easat-9804	102	30	<	<	X
easat-9804	102	31	0.01	0.01	NUM
easat-9804	102	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	102	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	103	1	this	this	PRON
easat-9804	103	2	confirms	confirm	VERB
easat-9804	103	3	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	103	4	improvements	improvement	NOUN
easat-9804	103	5	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	103	6	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	103	7	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	103	8	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-9804	103	9	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	103	10	allocation	allocation	NOUN
easat-9804	103	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	103	12	innovation	innovation	NOUN
easat-9804	103	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	103	14	supporting	support	VERB
easat-9804	103	15	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	103	16	expansion	expansion	NOUN
easat-9804	103	17	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	103	18	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	103	19	countries	countries	PROPN
easat-9804	104	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	104	2	13	13	NUM
easat-9804	104	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	104	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	105	1	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	105	2	openness	openness	NOUN
easat-9804	105	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	105	4	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	105	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	105	6	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
easat-9804	105	7	a	a	DET
easat-9804	105	8	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-9804	105	9	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-9804	105	10	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	105	11	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	105	12	the	the	DET
easat-9804	105	13	pols	pol	NOUN
easat-9804	105	14	model	model	NOUN
easat-9804	105	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	105	16	β	β	X
easat-9804	105	17	=	=	PUNCT
easat-9804	105	18	0.014	0.014	NUM
easat-9804	105	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	105	20	p	p	X
easat-9804	105	21	<	<	X
easat-9804	105	22	0.01	0.01	NUM
easat-9804	105	23	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	105	24	but	but	CCONJ
easat-9804	105	25	loses	lose	VERB
easat-9804	105	26	significance	significance	NOUN
easat-9804	105	27	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	105	28	fe	fe	NOUN
easat-9804	105	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	105	30	re	re	NOUN
easat-9804	105	31	specifications	specification	NOUN
easat-9804	105	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	105	33	suggesting	suggest	VERB
easat-9804	105	34	heterogeneity	heterogeneity	NOUN
easat-9804	105	35	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	105	36	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	105	37	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	105	38	across	across	ADP
easat-9804	105	39	337	337	NUM
easat-9804	105	40	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-9804	105	41	applied	apply	VERB
easat-9804	105	42	science	science	NOUN
easat-9804	105	43	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	105	44	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-9804	105	45	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-9804	105	46	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	105	47	2576	2576	NUM
easat-9804	105	48	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	105	49	8484	8484	NUM
easat-9804	105	50	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	105	51	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	106	1	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	106	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	106	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	106	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	106	5	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	106	6	:	:	SYM
easat-9804	106	7	333	333	NUM
easat-9804	106	8	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	106	9	340	340	NUM
easat-9804	106	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	106	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	106	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-9804	106	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	106	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-9804	106	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	106	16	8484.v9i9.9804	8484.v9i9.9804	NOUN
easat-9804	106	17	©	©	NOUN
easat-9804	106	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	106	19	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	106	20	the	the	DET
easat-9804	106	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-9804	106	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	106	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-9804	106	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-9804	106	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-9804	106	26	countries	country	NOUN
easat-9804	106	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	107	1	government	government	NOUN
easat-9804	107	2	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
easat-9804	107	3	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	107	4	govex	govex	NOUN
easat-9804	107	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	107	6	has	have	VERB
easat-9804	107	7	a	a	DET
easat-9804	107	8	marginal	marginal	ADJ
easat-9804	107	9	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-9804	107	10	effect	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	107	11	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	107	12	pols	pol	NOUN
easat-9804	107	13	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	107	14	β	β	X
easat-9804	107	15	=	=	SYM
easat-9804	107	16	0.016	0.016	NUM
easat-9804	107	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	107	18	p	p	X
easat-9804	107	19	<	<	X
easat-9804	107	20	0.1	0.1	NUM
easat-9804	107	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	107	22	but	but	CCONJ
easat-9804	107	23	negative	negative	ADJ
easat-9804	107	24	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	107	25	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-9804	107	26	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
easat-9804	107	27	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	107	28	fe	fe	NOUN
easat-9804	107	29	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	107	30	re	re	NOUN
easat-9804	107	31	models	model	NOUN
easat-9804	107	32	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	107	33	β	β	X
easat-9804	107	34	≈	≈	PROPN
easat-9804	107	35	-0.012	-0.012	PROPN
easat-9804	107	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	107	37	p	p	X
easat-9804	107	38	<	<	X
easat-9804	107	39	0.01	0.01	NUM
easat-9804	107	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	107	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	107	42	aligning	align	VERB
easat-9804	107	43	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	107	44	literature	literature	NOUN
easat-9804	107	45	that	that	PRON
easat-9804	107	46	cautions	caution	VERB
easat-9804	107	47	against	against	ADP
easat-9804	107	48	excessive	excessive	ADJ
easat-9804	107	49	or	or	CCONJ
easat-9804	107	50	inefficient	inefficient	ADJ
easat-9804	107	51	government	government	NOUN
easat-9804	107	52	spending	spending	NOUN
easat-9804	107	53	[	[	X
easat-9804	107	54	25	25	NUM
easat-9804	107	55	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	107	56	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	108	1	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-9804	108	2	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-9804	108	3	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	108	4	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	108	5	fdi	fdi	NOUN
easat-9804	108	6	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	108	7	reveals	reveal	VERB
easat-9804	108	8	contrasting	contrast	VERB
easat-9804	108	9	signs	sign	NOUN
easat-9804	108	10	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	108	11	negative	negative	ADJ
easat-9804	108	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	108	13	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-9804	108	14	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	108	15	pols	pol	NOUN
easat-9804	108	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	108	17	β	β	X
easat-9804	108	18	=	=	SYM
easat-9804	108	19	0.07	0.07	NUM
easat-9804	108	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	108	21	p	p	X
easat-9804	108	22	<	<	X
easat-9804	108	23	0.01	0.01	NUM
easat-9804	108	24	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	108	25	but	but	CCONJ
easat-9804	108	26	positive	positive	ADJ
easat-9804	108	27	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	108	28	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-9804	108	29	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	108	30	fe	fe	NOUN
easat-9804	108	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	108	32	re	re	NOUN
easat-9804	108	33	models	model	NOUN
easat-9804	108	34	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	108	35	β	β	X
easat-9804	108	36	≈	≈	PROPN
easat-9804	108	37	0.007	0.007	NUM
easat-9804	108	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	108	39	p	p	X
easat-9804	108	40	<	<	X
easat-9804	108	41	0.05	0.05	NUM
easat-9804	108	42	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	108	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	109	1	this	this	PRON
easat-9804	109	2	reflects	reflect	VERB
easat-9804	109	3	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-9804	109	4	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
easat-9804	109	5	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	109	6	the	the	DET
easat-9804	109	7	region	region	NOUN
easat-9804	109	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	109	9	where	where	SCONJ
easat-9804	109	10	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	109	11	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-9804	109	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	109	13	absorptive	absorptive	ADJ
easat-9804	109	14	capacity	capacity	NOUN
easat-9804	109	15	modulate	modulate	VERB
easat-9804	109	16	fdi	fdi	PROPN
easat-9804	109	17	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	109	18	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	109	19	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	109	20	[	[	X
easat-9804	109	21	26	26	NUM
easat-9804	109	22	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	109	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	110	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	110	2	fixed	fix	VERB
easat-9804	110	3	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	110	4	model	model	NOUN
easat-9804	110	5	explains	explain	VERB
easat-9804	110	6	approximately	approximately	ADV
easat-9804	110	7	55	55	NUM
easat-9804	110	8	%	%	NOUN
easat-9804	110	9	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	110	10	the	the	DET
easat-9804	110	11	variation	variation	NOUN
easat-9804	110	12	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	110	13	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	110	14	per	per	ADP
easat-9804	110	15	capita	capita	X
easat-9804	110	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	110	17	r²	r²	NOUN
easat-9804	110	18	=	=	SYM
easat-9804	110	19	0.5513	0.5513	NUM
easat-9804	110	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	110	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	110	22	a	a	DET
easat-9804	110	23	figure	figure	NOUN
easat-9804	110	24	comparable	comparable	ADJ
easat-9804	110	25	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	110	26	similar	similar	ADJ
easat-9804	110	27	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
easat-9804	110	28	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	110	29	studies	study	NOUN
easat-9804	110	30	that	that	PRON
easat-9804	110	31	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
easat-9804	110	32	the	the	DET
easat-9804	110	33	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
easat-9804	110	34	nature	nature	NOUN
easat-9804	110	35	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	110	36	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	110	37	determinants	determinant	NOUN
easat-9804	110	38	[	[	X
easat-9804	110	39	27	27	NUM
easat-9804	110	40	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	110	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	111	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	111	2	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	111	3	.	.	X
easat-9804	111	4	estimation	estimation	NOUN
easat-9804	111	5	modelsdependent	modelsdependent	PROPN
easat-9804	111	6	variable	variable	PROPN
easat-9804	111	7	gdp	gdp	NOUN
easat-9804	111	8	per	per	ADP
easat-9804	111	9	capita	capita	NOUN
easat-9804	111	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	1	variable	variable	ADJ
easat-9804	112	2	pols	pol	NOUN
easat-9804	112	3	panel	panel	PROPN
easat-9804	112	4	fe	fe	PROPN
easat-9804	112	5	driscoll	driscoll	PROPN
easat-9804	112	6	kraay	kraay	PROPN
easat-9804	112	7	panel	panel	PROPN
easat-9804	112	8	re	re	ADP
easat-9804	112	9	driscoll	driscoll	PROPN
easat-9804	112	10	kraay	kraay	PROPN
easat-9804	112	11	fid	fid	VERB
easat-9804	112	12	2.395	2.395	NUM
easat-9804	112	13	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	14	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	15	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	17	0.000	0.000	NUM
easat-9804	112	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	19	2.380	2.380	NUM
easat-9804	112	20	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	21	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	22	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	24	0.000	0.000	NUM
easat-9804	112	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	26	2.381	2.381	NUM
easat-9804	112	27	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	28	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	29	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	30	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	31	0.000	0.000	NUM
easat-9804	112	32	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	33	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	112	34	0.014	0.014	NUM
easat-9804	112	35	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	36	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	37	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	38	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	39	0.000	0.000	NUM
easat-9804	112	40	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	41	-0.0007	-0.0007	NOUN
easat-9804	112	42	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	43	0.403	0.403	NUM
easat-9804	112	44	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	45	-0.0006	-0.0006	NOUN
easat-9804	112	46	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	47	0.473	0.473	NUM
easat-9804	112	48	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	49	govex	govex	NOUN
easat-9804	112	50	0.016	0.016	NUM
easat-9804	112	51	*	*	SYM
easat-9804	112	52	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	53	0.052	0.052	NUM
easat-9804	112	54	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	55	-0.012	-0.012	NOUN
easat-9804	112	56	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	57	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	58	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	59	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	60	0.000	0.000	NUM
easat-9804	112	61	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	62	-0.012	-0.012	NOUN
easat-9804	112	63	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	64	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	65	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	66	0.001	0.001	NUM
easat-9804	112	67	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	68	fdi	fdi	NOUN
easat-9804	112	69	-0.07	-0.07	NOUN
easat-9804	112	70	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	71	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	72	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	73	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	74	0.000	0.000	NUM
easat-9804	112	75	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	76	0.007	0.007	NUM
easat-9804	112	77	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	78	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	79	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	80	0.005	0.005	NUM
easat-9804	112	81	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	82	0.007	0.007	NUM
easat-9804	112	83	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	84	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	85	0.011	0.011	NUM
easat-9804	112	86	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	87	constant	constant	ADJ
easat-9804	112	88	7.088	7.088	NUM
easat-9804	112	89	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	90	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	91	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	92	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	93	0.000	0.000	NUM
easat-9804	112	94	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	95	8.650	8.650	NUM
easat-9804	112	96	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	97	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	98	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	99	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	100	0.000	0.000	NUM
easat-9804	112	101	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	102	8.703	8.703	NUM
easat-9804	112	103	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	104	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	105	*	*	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	106	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	107	0.000	0.000	NUM
easat-9804	112	108	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	109	r	r	NOUN
easat-9804	112	110	squared	square	VERB
easat-9804	112	111	0.2625	0.2625	NUM
easat-9804	112	112	0.5513	0.5513	NUM
easat-9804	112	113	0.018	0.018	NUM
easat-9804	112	114	f	f	X
easat-9804	112	115	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	116	statistic	statistic	ADJ
easat-9804	112	117	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
easat-9804	112	118	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
easat-9804	112	119	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
easat-9804	112	120	source	source	NOUN
easat-9804	112	121	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	112	122	author	author	NOUN
easat-9804	112	123	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	112	124	calculation	calculation	NOUN
easat-9804	112	125	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	112	126	stata	stata	NOUN
easat-9804	112	127	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	113	1	4.4	4.4	NUM
easat-9804	113	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	114	1	diagnostics	diagnostic	NOUN
easat-9804	114	2	several	several	ADJ
easat-9804	114	3	diagnostic	diagnostic	ADJ
easat-9804	114	4	tests	test	NOUN
easat-9804	114	5	were	be	AUX
easat-9804	114	6	performed	perform	VERB
easat-9804	114	7	to	to	PART
easat-9804	114	8	ensure	ensure	VERB
easat-9804	114	9	the	the	DET
easat-9804	114	10	robustness	robustness	NOUN
easat-9804	114	11	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	114	12	the	the	DET
easat-9804	114	13	regression	regression	NOUN
easat-9804	114	14	results	result	NOUN
easat-9804	114	15	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	114	16	checking	check	VERB
easat-9804	114	17	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	114	18	serial	serial	ADJ
easat-9804	114	19	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	114	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	114	21	heteroskedasticity	heteroskedasticity	NOUN
easat-9804	114	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	114	23	multicollinearity	multicollinearity	NOUN
easat-9804	114	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	114	25	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	114	26	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-9804	114	27	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	114	28	sectional	sectional	ADJ
easat-9804	114	29	dependence	dependence	NOUN
easat-9804	114	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	115	1	these	these	DET
easat-9804	115	2	tests	test	NOUN
easat-9804	115	3	rely	rely	VERB
easat-9804	115	4	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	115	5	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-9804	115	6	asymptotic	asymptotic	ADJ
easat-9804	115	7	theory	theory	NOUN
easat-9804	115	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	115	9	enhance	enhance	VERB
easat-9804	115	10	the	the	DET
easat-9804	115	11	reliability	reliability	NOUN
easat-9804	115	12	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	115	13	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	115	14	data	datum	NOUN
easat-9804	115	15	estimation	estimation	NOUN
easat-9804	115	16	under	under	ADP
easat-9804	115	17	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-9804	115	18	error	error	NOUN
easat-9804	115	19	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
easat-9804	115	20	[	[	X
easat-9804	115	21	28	28	NUM
easat-9804	115	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	115	23	29	29	NUM
easat-9804	115	24	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	115	25	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	116	1	multicollinearity	multicollinearity	NOUN
easat-9804	116	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	116	3	variance	variance	NOUN
easat-9804	116	4	inflation	inflation	NOUN
easat-9804	116	5	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-9804	116	6	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	116	7	vifs	vifs	PROPN
easat-9804	116	8	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	116	9	were	be	AUX
easat-9804	116	10	computed	compute	VERB
easat-9804	116	11	to	to	PART
easat-9804	116	12	detect	detect	VERB
easat-9804	116	13	multicollinearity	multicollinearity	NOUN
easat-9804	116	14	among	among	ADP
easat-9804	116	15	regressors	regressor	NOUN
easat-9804	116	16	[	[	X
easat-9804	116	17	30	30	NUM
easat-9804	116	18	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	116	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	117	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	117	2	4	4	NUM
easat-9804	117	3	shows	show	VERB
easat-9804	117	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	117	5	all	all	DET
easat-9804	117	6	vif	vif	NOUN
easat-9804	117	7	values	value	NOUN
easat-9804	117	8	are	be	AUX
easat-9804	117	9	below	below	ADP
easat-9804	117	10	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	117	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	117	12	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	117	13	a	a	DET
easat-9804	117	14	mean	mean	ADJ
easat-9804	117	15	vif	vif	NOUN
easat-9804	117	16	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	117	17	1.18	1.18	NUM
easat-9804	117	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	117	19	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-9804	117	20	no	no	DET
easat-9804	117	21	multicollinearity	multicollinearity	NOUN
easat-9804	117	22	concerns	concern	NOUN
easat-9804	117	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	118	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	118	2	4	4	NUM
easat-9804	118	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	119	1	multicollinearity	multicollinearity	NOUN
easat-9804	119	2	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	120	1	vif	vif	PROPN
easat-9804	120	2	fid	fid	VERB
easat-9804	120	3	1.22	1.22	NUM
easat-9804	120	4	tr	tr	NOUN
easat-9804	120	5	1.23	1.23	NUM
easat-9804	120	6	fdi	fdi	NOUN
easat-9804	120	7	1.19	1.19	NUM
easat-9804	120	8	govex	govex	NOUN
easat-9804	120	9	1.09	1.09	NUM
easat-9804	120	10	mean	mean	NOUN
easat-9804	120	11	vif	vif	PROPN
easat-9804	120	12	1.18	1.18	NUM
easat-9804	120	13	source	source	NOUN
easat-9804	120	14	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	120	15	author	author	NOUN
easat-9804	120	16	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	120	17	calculation	calculation	NOUN
easat-9804	120	18	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	120	19	stata	stata	NOUN
easat-9804	120	20	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	121	1	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-9804	121	2	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	121	3	sectional	sectional	ADJ
easat-9804	121	4	dependence	dependence	NOUN
easat-9804	121	5	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	121	6	the	the	DET
easat-9804	121	7	pesaran	pesaran	ADJ
easat-9804	121	8	cd	cd	PROPN
easat-9804	121	9	test	test	NOUN
easat-9804	121	10	was	be	AUX
easat-9804	121	11	applied	apply	VERB
easat-9804	121	12	to	to	PART
easat-9804	121	13	assess	assess	VERB
easat-9804	121	14	error	error	NOUN
easat-9804	121	15	correlations	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	121	16	across	across	ADP
easat-9804	121	17	countries	country	NOUN
easat-9804	121	18	[	[	X
easat-9804	121	19	31	31	NUM
easat-9804	121	20	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	121	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	122	1	as	as	SCONJ
easat-9804	122	2	shown	show	VERB
easat-9804	122	3	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	122	4	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	122	5	5	5	NUM
easat-9804	122	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	122	7	the	the	DET
easat-9804	122	8	test	test	NOUN
easat-9804	122	9	statistic	statistic	NOUN
easat-9804	122	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	122	11	0.851	0.851	NUM
easat-9804	122	12	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	122	13	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	122	14	not	not	PART
easat-9804	122	15	significant	significant	ADJ
easat-9804	122	16	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	122	17	p	p	X
easat-9804	122	18	=	=	NOUN
easat-9804	122	19	0.3947	0.3947	NUM
easat-9804	122	20	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	122	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	122	22	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-9804	122	23	the	the	DET
easat-9804	122	24	absence	absence	NOUN
easat-9804	122	25	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	122	26	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-9804	122	27	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	122	28	sectional	sectional	ADJ
easat-9804	122	29	dependence	dependence	NOUN
easat-9804	122	30	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	123	1	338	338	NUM
easat-9804	123	2	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-9804	123	3	applied	apply	VERB
easat-9804	123	4	science	science	NOUN
easat-9804	123	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	123	6	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-9804	123	7	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-9804	123	8	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	123	9	2576	2576	NUM
easat-9804	123	10	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	123	11	8484	8484	NUM
easat-9804	123	12	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	123	13	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	124	1	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	124	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	124	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	124	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	124	5	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	124	6	:	:	SYM
easat-9804	124	7	333	333	NUM
easat-9804	124	8	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	124	9	340	340	NUM
easat-9804	124	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	124	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	124	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-9804	124	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	124	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-9804	124	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	124	16	8484.v9i9.9804	8484.v9i9.9804	NOUN
easat-9804	124	17	©	©	NOUN
easat-9804	124	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	124	19	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	124	20	the	the	DET
easat-9804	124	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-9804	124	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	124	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-9804	124	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-9804	124	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-9804	124	26	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	124	27	5	5	NUM
easat-9804	124	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	124	29	cross	cross	NOUN
easat-9804	124	30	section	section	PROPN
easat-9804	124	31	dependency	dependency	NOUN
easat-9804	124	32	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	124	33	cd	cd	NOUN
easat-9804	124	34	test	test	NOUN
easat-9804	124	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	125	1	cd	cd	NOUN
easat-9804	125	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	125	3	test	test	NOUN
easat-9804	125	4	p	p	NOUN
easat-9804	125	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	125	6	value	value	NOUN
easat-9804	125	7	pesaran	pesaran	NOUN
easat-9804	125	8	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	125	9	test	test	NOUN
easat-9804	125	10	0.851	0.851	NUM
easat-9804	125	11	0.3947	0.3947	NUM
easat-9804	125	12	source	source	NOUN
easat-9804	125	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	125	14	author	author	NOUN
easat-9804	125	15	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	125	16	calculation	calculation	NOUN
easat-9804	125	17	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	125	18	stata	stata	NOUN
easat-9804	125	19	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	126	1	heteroskedasticity	heteroskedasticity	NOUN
easat-9804	126	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	126	3	the	the	DET
easat-9804	126	4	breusch	breusch	VERB
easat-9804	126	5	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	126	6	pagan	pagan	ADJ
easat-9804	126	7	test	test	NOUN
easat-9804	126	8	detected	detect	VERB
easat-9804	126	9	heteroskedasticity	heteroskedasticity	NOUN
easat-9804	126	10	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	126	11	chi²	chi²	PROPN
easat-9804	126	12	=	=	PROPN
easat-9804	126	13	11.84	11.84	NUM
easat-9804	126	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	126	15	p	p	X
easat-9804	126	16	=	=	PROPN
easat-9804	126	17	0.0006	0.0006	NUM
easat-9804	126	18	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	126	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	126	20	rejecting	reject	VERB
easat-9804	126	21	the	the	DET
easat-9804	126	22	null	null	NOUN
easat-9804	126	23	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	126	24	constant	constant	ADJ
easat-9804	126	25	variance	variance	NOUN
easat-9804	126	26	[	[	X
easat-9804	126	27	32	32	NUM
easat-9804	126	28	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	126	29	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	127	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	127	2	6	6	NUM
easat-9804	127	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	128	1	heteroskedasticitybreusch	heteroskedasticitybreusch	PROPN
easat-9804	128	2	pagan	pagan	PROPN
easat-9804	128	3	test	test	PROPN
easat-9804	128	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	129	1	breusch	breusch	PROPN
easat-9804	129	2	pagan	pagan	PROPN
easat-9804	129	3	test	test	PROPN
easat-9804	129	4	chi2(1	chi2(1	PROPN
easat-9804	129	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	129	6	11.84	11.84	NUM
easat-9804	129	7	prob	prob	NOUN
easat-9804	129	8	>	>	X
easat-9804	129	9	chi2	chi2	PROPN
easat-9804	129	10	0.0006	0.0006	NUM
easat-9804	129	11	source	source	NOUN
easat-9804	129	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	129	13	author	author	NOUN
easat-9804	129	14	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	129	15	calculation	calculation	NOUN
easat-9804	129	16	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	129	17	stata	stata	NOUN
easat-9804	129	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	130	1	serial	serial	ADJ
easat-9804	130	2	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	130	3	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	130	4	the	the	DET
easat-9804	130	5	wooldridge	wooldridge	PROPN
easat-9804	130	6	test	test	PROPN
easat-9804	130	7	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	130	8	serial	serial	ADJ
easat-9804	130	9	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	130	10	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	130	11	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	130	12	data	datum	NOUN
easat-9804	130	13	rejected	reject	VERB
easat-9804	130	14	the	the	DET
easat-9804	130	15	null	null	ADJ
easat-9804	130	16	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
easat-9804	130	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	130	18	f(1,11	f(1,11	NOUN
easat-9804	130	19	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	130	20	=	=	SYM
easat-9804	130	21	198.978	198.978	NUM
easat-9804	130	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	130	23	p	p	X
easat-9804	130	24	<	<	X
easat-9804	130	25	0.001	0.001	NUM
easat-9804	130	26	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	130	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	130	28	indicating	indicate	VERB
easat-9804	130	29	autocorrelation	autocorrelation	NOUN
easat-9804	130	30	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	130	31	the	the	DET
easat-9804	130	32	residuals	residual	NOUN
easat-9804	130	33	[	[	X
easat-9804	130	34	33	33	NUM
easat-9804	130	35	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	130	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	131	1	table	table	NOUN
easat-9804	131	2	7	7	NUM
easat-9804	131	3	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	131	4	serial	serial	ADJ
easat-9804	131	5	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	131	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	132	1	lagrange	lagrange	PROPN
easat-9804	132	2	multiplier	multipli	ADJ
easat-9804	132	3	test	test	NOUN
easat-9804	132	4	f(1,11	f(1,11	NOUN
easat-9804	132	5	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	132	6	198.978	198.978	NUM
easat-9804	132	7	prob	prob	NOUN
easat-9804	132	8	>	>	X
easat-9804	132	9	f	f	PROPN
easat-9804	132	10	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
easat-9804	132	11	source	source	NOUN
easat-9804	132	12	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	132	13	author	author	NOUN
easat-9804	132	14	’s	’s	PART
easat-9804	132	15	calculation	calculation	NOUN
easat-9804	132	16	using	use	VERB
easat-9804	132	17	stata	stata	NOUN
easat-9804	132	18	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	133	1	to	to	PART
easat-9804	133	2	address	address	VERB
easat-9804	133	3	these	these	DET
easat-9804	133	4	issues	issue	NOUN
easat-9804	133	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	133	6	driscoll	driscoll	NOUN
easat-9804	133	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	133	8	kraay	kraay	ADV
easat-9804	133	9	robust	robust	ADJ
easat-9804	133	10	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-9804	133	11	errors	error	NOUN
easat-9804	133	12	were	be	AUX
easat-9804	133	13	employed	employ	VERB
easat-9804	133	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	133	15	which	which	PRON
easat-9804	133	16	provide	provide	VERB
easat-9804	133	17	consistent	consistent	ADJ
easat-9804	133	18	estimates	estimate	NOUN
easat-9804	133	19	accounting	account	VERB
easat-9804	133	20	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	133	21	heteroskedasticity	heteroskedasticity	NOUN
easat-9804	133	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	133	23	serial	serial	ADJ
easat-9804	133	24	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	133	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	133	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	133	27	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-9804	133	28	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	133	29	sectional	sectional	ADJ
easat-9804	133	30	dependence	dependence	NOUN
easat-9804	133	31	[	[	X
easat-9804	133	32	28	28	NUM
easat-9804	133	33	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	133	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	134	1	5	5	X
easat-9804	134	2	.	.	X
easat-9804	134	3	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
easat-9804	134	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	134	5	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-9804	134	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	134	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	134	8	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
easat-9804	134	9	this	this	DET
easat-9804	134	10	study	study	NOUN
easat-9804	134	11	examined	examine	VERB
easat-9804	134	12	the	the	DET
easat-9804	134	13	impact	impact	NOUN
easat-9804	134	14	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	134	15	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	134	16	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	134	17	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	134	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	134	19	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	134	20	openness	openness	NOUN
easat-9804	134	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	134	22	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-9804	134	23	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-9804	134	24	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	134	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	134	26	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	134	27	government	government	NOUN
easat-9804	134	28	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
easat-9804	134	29	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	134	30	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	134	31	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	134	32	across	across	ADP
easat-9804	134	33	12	12	NUM
easat-9804	134	34	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	134	35	countries	country	NOUN
easat-9804	134	36	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	134	37	1990	1990	NUM
easat-9804	134	38	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	134	39	2023	2023	NUM
easat-9804	134	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	135	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	135	2	results	result	NOUN
easat-9804	135	3	confirm	confirm	VERB
easat-9804	135	4	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	135	5	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	135	6	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	135	7	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	135	8	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	135	9	significantly	significantly	ADV
easat-9804	135	10	fosters	foster	VERB
easat-9804	135	11	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	135	12	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	135	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	135	14	highlighting	highlight	VERB
easat-9804	135	15	the	the	DET
easat-9804	135	16	critical	critical	ADJ
easat-9804	135	17	role	role	NOUN
easat-9804	135	18	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	135	19	resilient	resilient	ADJ
easat-9804	135	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	135	21	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
easat-9804	135	22	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	135	23	systems	system	NOUN
easat-9804	135	24	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	135	25	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
easat-9804	135	26	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	135	27	allocation	allocation	NOUN
easat-9804	135	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	135	29	productivity	productivity	NOUN
easat-9804	135	30	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-9804	135	31	[	[	X
easat-9804	135	32	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	135	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	135	34	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	135	35	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	135	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	136	1	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	136	2	openness	openness	NOUN
easat-9804	136	3	also	also	ADV
easat-9804	136	4	contributes	contribute	VERB
easat-9804	136	5	positively	positively	ADV
easat-9804	136	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	136	7	although	although	SCONJ
easat-9804	136	8	its	its	PRON
easat-9804	136	9	significance	significance	NOUN
easat-9804	136	10	varies	vary	VERB
easat-9804	136	11	across	across	ADP
easat-9804	136	12	models	model	NOUN
easat-9804	136	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	136	14	reflecting	reflect	VERB
easat-9804	136	15	complex	complex	ADJ
easat-9804	136	16	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-9804	136	17	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	136	18	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
easat-9804	136	19	[	[	X
easat-9804	136	20	24	24	NUM
easat-9804	136	21	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	136	22	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	137	1	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-9804	137	2	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-9804	137	3	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	137	4	presents	present	VERB
easat-9804	137	5	mixed	mixed	ADJ
easat-9804	137	6	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	137	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	137	8	shaped	shape	VERB
easat-9804	137	9	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	137	10	political	political	ADJ
easat-9804	137	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	137	12	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	137	13	heterogeneity	heterogeneity	NOUN
easat-9804	137	14	that	that	PRON
easat-9804	137	15	moderates	moderate	VERB
easat-9804	137	16	its	its	PRON
easat-9804	137	17	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	137	18	contribution	contribution	NOUN
easat-9804	138	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	138	2	23	23	NUM
easat-9804	138	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	138	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	139	1	government	government	NOUN
easat-9804	139	2	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
easat-9804	139	3	impacts	impact	NOUN
easat-9804	139	4	differ	differ	VERB
easat-9804	139	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	139	6	with	with	ADP
easat-9804	139	7	recurrent	recurrent	ADJ
easat-9804	139	8	spending	spending	NOUN
easat-9804	139	9	potentially	potentially	ADV
easat-9804	139	10	limiting	limit	VERB
easat-9804	139	11	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	139	12	while	while	SCONJ
easat-9804	139	13	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	139	14	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	139	15	supports	support	VERB
easat-9804	139	16	long	long	ADJ
easat-9804	139	17	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	139	18	term	term	NOUN
easat-9804	139	19	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	139	20	[	[	X
easat-9804	139	21	21	21	NUM
easat-9804	139	22	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	139	23	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	140	1	diagnostic	diagnostic	ADJ
easat-9804	140	2	checks	check	NOUN
easat-9804	140	3	verified	verify	VERB
easat-9804	140	4	heteroskedasticity	heteroskedasticity	NOUN
easat-9804	140	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	140	6	serial	serial	ADJ
easat-9804	140	7	correlation	correlation	NOUN
easat-9804	140	8	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	140	9	residuals	residual	NOUN
easat-9804	140	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	140	11	which	which	PRON
easat-9804	140	12	were	be	AUX
easat-9804	140	13	effectively	effectively	ADV
easat-9804	140	14	controlled	control	VERB
easat-9804	140	15	through	through	ADP
easat-9804	140	16	driscoll	driscoll	NOUN
easat-9804	140	17	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	140	18	kraay	kraay	ADJ
easat-9804	140	19	standard	standard	ADJ
easat-9804	140	20	errors	error	NOUN
easat-9804	140	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	140	22	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
easat-9804	140	23	confidence	confidence	NOUN
easat-9804	140	24	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	140	25	the	the	DET
easat-9804	140	26	estimated	estimate	VERB
easat-9804	140	27	relationships	relationship	NOUN
easat-9804	140	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	141	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	141	2	absence	absence	NOUN
easat-9804	141	3	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	141	4	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-9804	141	5	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	141	6	sectional	sectional	ADJ
easat-9804	141	7	dependence	dependence	NOUN
easat-9804	141	8	further	far	ADV
easat-9804	141	9	validates	validate	VERB
easat-9804	141	10	the	the	DET
easat-9804	141	11	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	141	12	model	model	NOUN
easat-9804	141	13	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-9804	141	14	[	[	X
easat-9804	141	15	31	31	NUM
easat-9804	141	16	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	141	17	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	142	1	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-9804	142	2	implications	implication	NOUN
easat-9804	142	3	center	center	NOUN
easat-9804	142	4	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	142	5	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
easat-9804	142	6	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	142	7	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	142	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	142	9	enhancing	enhance	VERB
easat-9804	142	10	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	142	11	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
easat-9804	142	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	142	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	142	14	prioritizing	prioritize	VERB
easat-9804	142	15	efficient	efficient	ADJ
easat-9804	142	16	public	public	ADJ
easat-9804	142	17	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	142	18	to	to	PART
easat-9804	142	19	sustain	sustain	VERB
easat-9804	142	20	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
easat-9804	142	21	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	142	22	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	142	23	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	142	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	143	1	future	future	ADJ
easat-9804	143	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-9804	143	3	should	should	AUX
easat-9804	143	4	investigate	investigate	VERB
easat-9804	143	5	the	the	DET
easat-9804	143	6	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
easat-9804	143	7	interplay	interplay	NOUN
easat-9804	143	8	between	between	ADP
easat-9804	143	9	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	143	10	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	143	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	143	12	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	143	13	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-9804	143	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	143	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	143	16	governance	governance	NOUN
easat-9804	143	17	to	to	PART
easat-9804	143	18	deepen	deepen	VERB
easat-9804	143	19	insights	insight	NOUN
easat-9804	143	20	into	into	ADP
easat-9804	143	21	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	143	22	determinants	determinant	NOUN
easat-9804	143	23	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	143	24	the	the	DET
easat-9804	143	25	region	region	NOUN
easat-9804	144	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	144	2	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	144	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	144	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	145	1	based	base	VERB
easat-9804	145	2	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	145	3	the	the	DET
easat-9804	145	4	empirical	empirical	ADJ
easat-9804	145	5	findings	finding	NOUN
easat-9804	145	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	145	7	fostering	foster	VERB
easat-9804	145	8	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
easat-9804	145	9	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	145	10	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	145	11	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	145	12	the	the	DET
easat-9804	145	13	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	145	14	region	region	PROPN
easat-9804	145	15	requires	require	VERB
easat-9804	145	16	a	a	DET
easat-9804	145	17	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
easat-9804	145	18	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-9804	145	19	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-9804	145	20	that	that	PRON
easat-9804	145	21	strengthens	strengthen	VERB
easat-9804	145	22	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	145	23	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	145	24	through	through	ADP
easat-9804	145	25	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
easat-9804	145	26	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	145	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	145	28	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	145	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	145	30	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	145	31	inclusiveness	inclusiveness	NOUN
easat-9804	145	32	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	145	33	promotes	promote	VERB
easat-9804	145	34	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	145	35	openness	openness	NOUN
easat-9804	145	36	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	145	37	reducing	reduce	VERB
easat-9804	145	38	barriers	barrier	NOUN
easat-9804	145	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	145	40	improving	improve	VERB
easat-9804	145	41	regional	regional	ADJ
easat-9804	145	42	integration	integration	NOUN
easat-9804	145	43	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	145	44	optimizes	optimize	VERB
easat-9804	145	45	public	public	ADJ
easat-9804	145	46	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
easat-9804	145	47	toward	toward	ADP
easat-9804	145	48	productive	productive	ADJ
easat-9804	145	49	investments	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	145	50	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	145	51	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
easat-9804	145	52	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	145	53	education	education	NOUN
easat-9804	145	54	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	145	55	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	145	56	health	health	NOUN
easat-9804	145	57	while	while	SCONJ
easat-9804	145	58	curbing	curb	VERB
easat-9804	145	59	inefficient	inefficient	ADJ
easat-9804	145	60	spending	spending	NOUN
easat-9804	145	61	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	145	62	enhances	enhance	VERB
easat-9804	145	63	the	the	DET
easat-9804	145	64	benefits	benefit	NOUN
easat-9804	145	65	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	145	66	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-9804	145	67	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-9804	145	68	339	339	NUM
easat-9804	145	69	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-9804	145	70	applied	apply	VERB
easat-9804	145	71	science	science	NOUN
easat-9804	145	72	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	145	73	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-9804	145	74	issn	issn	PROPN
easat-9804	145	75	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	145	76	2576	2576	NUM
easat-9804	145	77	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	145	78	8484	8484	NUM
easat-9804	145	79	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	145	80	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	146	1	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	146	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	146	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	146	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	146	5	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	146	6	:	:	SYM
easat-9804	146	7	333	333	NUM
easat-9804	146	8	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	146	9	340	340	NUM
easat-9804	146	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	146	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	146	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-9804	146	13	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	146	14	10.55214/2576	10.55214/2576	NUM
easat-9804	146	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	146	16	8484.v9i9.9804	8484.v9i9.9804	NOUN
easat-9804	146	17	©	©	NOUN
easat-9804	146	18	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	146	19	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	146	20	the	the	DET
easat-9804	146	21	authors	author	NOUN
easat-9804	146	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	146	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-9804	146	24	learning	learn	VERB
easat-9804	146	25	gate	gate	PROPN
easat-9804	146	26	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	146	27	via	via	ADP
easat-9804	146	28	improved	improve	VERB
easat-9804	146	29	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	146	30	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-9804	146	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	146	32	political	political	ADJ
easat-9804	146	33	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	146	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	146	35	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	146	36	absorptive	absorptive	ADJ
easat-9804	146	37	capacity	capacity	NOUN
easat-9804	146	38	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	146	39	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	146	40	advances	advance	NOUN
easat-9804	146	41	governance	governance	NOUN
easat-9804	146	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	146	43	transparency	transparency	NOUN
easat-9804	146	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	146	45	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	146	46	the	the	DET
easat-9804	146	47	rule	rule	NOUN
easat-9804	146	48	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	146	49	law	law	NOUN
easat-9804	146	50	to	to	PART
easat-9804	146	51	support	support	VERB
easat-9804	146	52	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	146	53	reforms	reform	NOUN
easat-9804	146	54	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	146	55	create	create	VERB
easat-9804	146	56	a	a	DET
easat-9804	146	57	favorable	favorable	ADJ
easat-9804	146	58	environment	environment	NOUN
easat-9804	146	59	for	for	ADP
easat-9804	146	60	long	long	ADJ
easat-9804	146	61	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	146	62	term	term	NOUN
easat-9804	146	63	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	146	64	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	147	1	future	future	ADJ
easat-9804	147	2	research	research	NOUN
easat-9804	147	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	147	4	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-9804	147	5	dialogue	dialogue	NOUN
easat-9804	147	6	should	should	AUX
easat-9804	147	7	consider	consider	VERB
easat-9804	147	8	the	the	DET
easat-9804	147	9	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
easat-9804	147	10	interactions	interaction	NOUN
easat-9804	147	11	among	among	ADP
easat-9804	147	12	these	these	DET
easat-9804	147	13	factors	factor	NOUN
easat-9804	147	14	to	to	PART
easat-9804	147	15	design	design	VERB
easat-9804	147	16	integrated	integrate	VERB
easat-9804	147	17	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	147	18	strategies	strategy	NOUN
easat-9804	147	19	tailored	tailor	VERB
easat-9804	147	20	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	147	21	the	the	DET
easat-9804	147	22	unique	unique	ADJ
easat-9804	147	23	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
easat-9804	147	24	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	147	25	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	147	26	economies	economy	NOUN
easat-9804	147	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	148	1	transparency	transparency	NOUN
easat-9804	148	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	148	3	the	the	DET
easat-9804	148	4	authors	author	NOUN
easat-9804	148	5	confirm	confirm	VERB
easat-9804	148	6	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	148	7	the	the	DET
easat-9804	148	8	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
easat-9804	148	9	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	148	10	an	an	DET
easat-9804	148	11	honest	honest	ADJ
easat-9804	148	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	148	13	accurate	accurate	ADJ
easat-9804	148	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	148	15	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	148	16	transparent	transparent	ADJ
easat-9804	148	17	account	account	NOUN
easat-9804	148	18	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	148	19	the	the	DET
easat-9804	148	20	study	study	NOUN
easat-9804	148	21	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	148	22	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	148	23	no	no	DET
easat-9804	148	24	vital	vital	ADJ
easat-9804	148	25	features	feature	NOUN
easat-9804	148	26	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	148	27	the	the	DET
easat-9804	148	28	study	study	NOUN
easat-9804	148	29	have	have	AUX
easat-9804	148	30	been	be	AUX
easat-9804	148	31	omitted	omit	VERB
easat-9804	148	32	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	148	33	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	148	34	that	that	SCONJ
easat-9804	148	35	any	any	DET
easat-9804	148	36	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
easat-9804	148	37	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	148	38	the	the	DET
easat-9804	148	39	study	study	NOUN
easat-9804	148	40	as	as	SCONJ
easat-9804	148	41	planned	plan	VERB
easat-9804	148	42	have	have	AUX
easat-9804	148	43	been	be	AUX
easat-9804	148	44	explained	explain	VERB
easat-9804	148	45	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	149	1	this	this	DET
easat-9804	149	2	study	study	NOUN
easat-9804	149	3	followed	follow	VERB
easat-9804	149	4	all	all	DET
easat-9804	149	5	ethical	ethical	ADJ
easat-9804	149	6	practices	practice	NOUN
easat-9804	149	7	during	during	ADP
easat-9804	149	8	writing	writing	NOUN
easat-9804	149	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	150	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
easat-9804	150	2	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	150	3	©	©	PROPN
easat-9804	150	4	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	150	5	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	150	6	the	the	DET
easat-9804	150	7	authors	author	NOUN
easat-9804	150	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	151	1	this	this	DET
easat-9804	151	2	open	open	ADJ
easat-9804	151	3	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	151	4	access	access	NOUN
easat-9804	151	5	article	article	NOUN
easat-9804	151	6	is	be	AUX
easat-9804	151	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
easat-9804	151	8	under	under	ADP
easat-9804	151	9	the	the	DET
easat-9804	151	10	terms	term	NOUN
easat-9804	151	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	151	12	conditions	condition	NOUN
easat-9804	151	13	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	151	14	the	the	DET
easat-9804	151	15	creative	creative	ADJ
easat-9804	151	16	commons	common	NOUN
easat-9804	151	17	attribution	attribution	NOUN
easat-9804	151	18	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	151	19	cc	cc	NOUN
easat-9804	151	20	by	by	ADP
easat-9804	151	21	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	151	22	license	license	NOUN
easat-9804	151	23	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	151	24	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
easat-9804	151	25	)	)	PUNCT
easat-9804	151	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	152	1	references	reference	NOUN
easat-9804	152	2	[	[	X
easat-9804	152	3	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	152	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	152	5	k.	k.	PROPN
easat-9804	152	6	svirydzenka	svirydzenka	PROPN
easat-9804	152	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	152	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	152	9	introducing	introduce	VERB
easat-9804	152	10	a	a	DET
easat-9804	152	11	new	new	ADJ
easat-9804	152	12	broad	broad	ADV
easat-9804	152	13	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	152	14	based	base	VERB
easat-9804	152	15	index	index	NOUN
easat-9804	152	16	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	152	17	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	152	18	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	152	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	152	20	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	152	21	imf	imf	PROPN
easat-9804	152	22	working	working	PROPN
easat-9804	152	23	paper	paper	NOUN
easat-9804	152	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	152	25	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	152	26	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	153	1	wp/16/5	wp/16/5	PROPN
easat-9804	153	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	153	3	2016	2016	NUM
easat-9804	153	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	154	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	154	2	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	154	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	154	4	n.	n.	NOUN
easat-9804	154	5	joudar	joudar	PROPN
easat-9804	154	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	154	7	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-9804	154	8	el	el	PROPN
easat-9804	154	9	ghmari	ghmari	PROPN
easat-9804	154	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	154	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	154	12	institutional	institutional	ADJ
easat-9804	154	13	quality	quality	NOUN
easat-9804	154	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	154	15	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	154	16	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	154	17	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	154	18	effects	effect	NOUN
easat-9804	154	19	on	on	ADP
easat-9804	154	20	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	154	21	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	154	22	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	154	23	emerging	emerge	VERB
easat-9804	154	24	economies	economy	NOUN
easat-9804	154	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	154	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	154	27	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-9804	154	28	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	154	29	international	international	ADJ
easat-9804	154	30	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	154	31	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	154	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	154	33	institutions	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	154	34	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	154	35	money	money	NOUN
easat-9804	154	36	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	154	37	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	154	38	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	155	1	77	77	NUM
easat-9804	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	155	3	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-9804	155	4	101583	101583	NUM
easat-9804	155	5	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	155	6	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	155	7	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	156	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	156	2	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	156	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	156	4	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	156	5	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-9804	156	6	kamal	kamal	PROPN
easat-9804	156	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	156	8	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	156	9	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-9804	156	10	aboelsoud	aboelsoud	PROPN
easat-9804	156	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	156	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	156	13	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-9804	156	14	abdella	abdella	PROPN
easat-9804	156	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	156	16	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	156	17	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	156	18	institution	institution	NOUN
easat-9804	156	19	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	156	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	156	21	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	156	22	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	156	23	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	156	24	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	156	25	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	156	26	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	156	27	countries	countries	PROPN
easat-9804	156	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	156	29	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	156	30	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-9804	156	31	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	156	32	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	156	33	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-9804	156	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	156	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	156	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	156	37	150	150	NUM
easat-9804	156	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	156	39	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	156	40	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	156	41	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	156	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	156	43	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	156	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	157	1	351–369	351–369	NUM
easat-9804	157	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	157	3	2023	2023	NUM
easat-9804	157	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	158	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	158	2	4	4	NUM
easat-9804	158	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	158	4	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-9804	158	5	levine	levine	PROPN
easat-9804	158	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	158	7	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	158	8	finance	finance	NOUN
easat-9804	158	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	158	10	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	158	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	158	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	158	13	inequality	inequality	NOUN
easat-9804	158	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	158	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	158	16	imf	imf	PROPN
easat-9804	158	17	working	working	PROPN
easat-9804	158	18	paper	paper	NOUN
easat-9804	158	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	158	20	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	158	21	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	159	1	wp/21/164	wp/21/164	NOUN
easat-9804	159	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	159	3	2021	2021	NUM
easat-9804	159	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	160	2	5	5	NUM
easat-9804	160	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	4	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	160	5	appiah	appiah	PROPN
easat-9804	160	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	7	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-9804	160	8	osei	osei	PROPN
easat-9804	160	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	160	11	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-9804	160	12	agyemang	agyemang	PROPN
easat-9804	160	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	15	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	160	16	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	160	17	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	160	18	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	160	19	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	160	20	nexus	nexus	NOUN
easat-9804	160	21	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	22	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	160	23	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	160	24	subsaharan	subsaharan	PROPN
easat-9804	160	25	africa	africa	PROPN
easat-9804	160	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	28	international	international	ADJ
easat-9804	160	29	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-9804	160	30	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	160	31	finance	finance	PROPN
easat-9804	160	32	&	&	CCONJ
easat-9804	160	33	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-9804	160	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	160	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	160	37	25	25	NUM
easat-9804	160	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	39	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	160	40	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	160	41	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	160	42	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	160	43	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	160	44	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	161	1	437–455	437–455	NUM
easat-9804	161	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	161	3	2020	2020	NUM
easat-9804	161	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	162	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	162	2	6	6	NUM
easat-9804	162	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	162	4	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-9804	162	5	yap	yap	PROPN
easat-9804	162	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	162	7	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-9804	162	8	shan	shan	PROPN
easat-9804	162	9	lee	lee	PROPN
easat-9804	162	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	162	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	162	12	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-9804	162	13	xin	xin	PROPN
easat-9804	163	1	liew	liew	PROPN
easat-9804	163	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	163	3	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	163	4	the	the	DET
easat-9804	163	5	role	role	NOUN
easat-9804	163	6	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	163	7	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	163	8	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
easat-9804	163	9	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	163	10	achieving	achieve	VERB
easat-9804	163	11	financerelated	financerelate	VERB
easat-9804	163	12	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
easat-9804	163	13	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	163	14	goals	goal	NOUN
easat-9804	163	15	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	163	16	sdgs	sdgs	ADJ
easat-9804	163	17	):	):	PUNCT
easat-9804	163	18	a	a	DET
easat-9804	163	19	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-9804	163	20	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	163	21	country	country	ADJ
easat-9804	163	22	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-9804	163	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	163	24	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	163	25	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	163	26	research	research	NOUN
easat-9804	163	27	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	163	28	ekonomska	ekonomska	ADJ
easat-9804	163	29	istraživanja	istraživanja	NOUN
easat-9804	163	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	163	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	163	32	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	164	1	36	36	NUM
easat-9804	164	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	164	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	164	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	164	5	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	164	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	164	7	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-9804	164	8	2212028	2212028	NUM
easat-9804	164	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	164	10	2023	2023	NUM
easat-9804	164	11	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	165	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677x.2023.2212028	https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677x.2023.2212028	NOUN
easat-9804	166	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	166	2	7	7	NUM
easat-9804	166	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	166	4	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-9804	166	5	sassi	sassi	PROPN
easat-9804	166	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	166	7	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	166	8	goaied	goaie	VERB
easat-9804	166	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	166	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	166	11	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	166	12	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	166	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	166	14	ict	ict	NOUN
easat-9804	166	15	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
easat-9804	166	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	166	17	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	166	18	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	166	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	166	20	lessons	lesson	NOUN
easat-9804	166	21	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	166	22	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	166	23	region	region	PROPN
easat-9804	166	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	166	25	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	166	26	telecommunications	telecommunications	NOUN
easat-9804	166	27	policy	policy	NOUN
easat-9804	166	28	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	166	29	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	166	30	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	167	1	37	37	NUM
easat-9804	167	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	167	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	167	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	167	5	4	4	NUM
easat-9804	167	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	167	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	167	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	168	1	252	252	NUM
easat-9804	168	2	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	168	3	261	261	NUM
easat-9804	168	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	168	5	2013	2013	NUM
easat-9804	168	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	169	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2012.12.004	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2012.12.004	ADJ
easat-9804	169	2	[	[	X
easat-9804	169	3	8	8	NUM
easat-9804	169	4	]	]	X
easat-9804	169	5	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-9804	169	6	m.	m.	PROPN
easat-9804	169	7	solow	solow	PROPN
easat-9804	169	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	169	9	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	169	10	a	a	DET
easat-9804	169	11	contribution	contribution	NOUN
easat-9804	169	12	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	169	13	the	the	DET
easat-9804	169	14	theory	theory	NOUN
easat-9804	169	15	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	169	16	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	169	17	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	169	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	169	19	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	169	20	the	the	DET
easat-9804	169	21	quarterly	quarterly	ADJ
easat-9804	169	22	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-9804	169	23	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	169	24	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-9804	169	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	169	26	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	169	27	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	169	28	70	70	NUM
easat-9804	169	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	169	30	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	169	31	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	169	32	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	169	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	169	34	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	169	35	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	170	1	65	65	NUM
easat-9804	170	2	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	170	3	94	94	NUM
easat-9804	170	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	170	5	1956	1956	NUM
easat-9804	170	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	171	1	https://doi.org/10.2307/1884513	https://doi.org/10.2307/1884513	X
easat-9804	172	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	172	2	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	172	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	172	4	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-9804	172	5	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	172	6	romer	romer	NOUN
easat-9804	172	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	172	8	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	172	9	endogenous	endogenous	ADJ
easat-9804	172	10	technological	technological	ADJ
easat-9804	172	11	change	change	NOUN
easat-9804	172	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	172	13	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	172	14	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-9804	172	15	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	172	16	political	political	ADJ
easat-9804	172	17	economy	economy	NOUN
easat-9804	172	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	172	19	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	172	20	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	172	21	98	98	NUM
easat-9804	172	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	172	23	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	172	24	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	172	25	5	5	NUM
easat-9804	172	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	172	27	part	part	NOUN
easat-9804	172	28	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	172	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	172	30	pp	pp	PROPN
easat-9804	172	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	173	1	s71	s71	NOUN
easat-9804	173	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	173	3	s102	s102	PROPN
easat-9804	173	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	173	5	1990	1990	NUM
easat-9804	173	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	174	1	https://doi.org/10.1086/261725	https://doi.org/10.1086/261725	PROPN
easat-9804	175	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	175	2	10	10	NUM
easat-9804	175	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	175	4	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-9804	175	5	aghion	aghion	NOUN
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easat-9804	175	7	p.	p.	PROPN
easat-9804	175	8	howitt	howitt	PROPN
easat-9804	175	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	175	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	175	11	a	a	DET
easat-9804	175	12	model	model	NOUN
easat-9804	175	13	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	175	14	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	175	15	through	through	ADP
easat-9804	175	16	creative	creative	ADJ
easat-9804	175	17	destruction	destruction	NOUN
easat-9804	175	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	175	19	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	175	20	econometrica	econometrica	PROPN
easat-9804	175	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	175	22	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	175	23	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	175	24	60	60	NUM
easat-9804	175	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	175	26	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	175	27	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	175	28	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	175	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	175	30	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	175	31	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	176	1	323	323	NUM
easat-9804	176	2	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	176	3	351	351	NUM
easat-9804	176	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	176	5	1992	1992	NUM
easat-9804	176	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	176	7	https://doi.org/10.2307/2951599	https://doi.org/10.2307/2951599	X
easat-9804	177	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	177	2	11	11	NUM
easat-9804	177	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	177	4	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-9804	177	5	beck	beck	PROPN
easat-9804	177	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	177	7	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-9804	177	8	levine	levine	PROPN
easat-9804	177	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	177	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	177	11	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-9804	177	12	levkov	levkov	PROPN
easat-9804	177	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	177	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	177	15	big	big	ADJ
easat-9804	177	16	bad	bad	ADJ
easat-9804	177	17	banks	bank	NOUN
easat-9804	177	18	?	?	PUNCT
easat-9804	178	1	the	the	DET
easat-9804	178	2	winners	winner	NOUN
easat-9804	178	3	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	178	4	losers	loser	NOUN
easat-9804	178	5	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	178	6	bank	bank	NOUN
easat-9804	178	7	deregulation	deregulation	NOUN
easat-9804	178	8	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	178	9	the	the	DET
easat-9804	178	10	united	united	PROPN
easat-9804	178	11	states	states	PROPN
easat-9804	178	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	178	13	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	178	14	the	the	DET
easat-9804	178	15	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-9804	178	16	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	178	17	finance	finance	NOUN
easat-9804	178	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	178	19	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	178	20	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	178	21	65	65	NUM
easat-9804	178	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	178	23	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	178	24	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	178	25	5	5	NUM
easat-9804	178	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	178	27	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	178	28	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	178	29	1637	1637	NUM
easat-9804	178	30	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	178	31	1667	1667	NUM
easat-9804	178	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	178	33	2010	2010	NUM
easat-9804	178	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	179	1	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.15406261.2010.01589.x	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.15406261.2010.01589.x	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	180	2	12	12	NUM
easat-9804	180	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	4	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-9804	180	5	beck	beck	PROPN
easat-9804	180	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	7	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-9804	180	8	pamuk	pamuk	PROPN
easat-9804	180	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	10	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-9804	180	11	ramrattan	ramrattan	PROPN
easat-9804	180	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	180	14	b.	b.	PROPN
easat-9804	180	15	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-9804	180	16	uras	uras	PROPN
easat-9804	180	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	18	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	19	payment	payment	NOUN
easat-9804	180	20	instruments	instrument	NOUN
easat-9804	180	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	22	finance	finance	NOUN
easat-9804	180	23	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	180	24	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	180	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	27	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-9804	180	28	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	180	29	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	180	30	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-9804	180	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	32	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	180	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	180	34	150	150	NUM
easat-9804	180	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	36	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-9804	180	37	102636	102636	NUM
easat-9804	180	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	180	39	2021	2021	NUM
easat-9804	180	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	181	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	181	2	13	13	NUM
easat-9804	181	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	181	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-9804	181	5	demirgüç	demirgüç	PROPN
easat-9804	181	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	181	7	kunt	kunt	PROPN
easat-9804	181	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	181	9	l.	l.	PROPN
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easat-9804	181	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	181	15	s.	s.	PROPN
easat-9804	181	16	ansar	ansar	PROPN
easat-9804	181	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	181	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	181	19	j.	j.	PROPN
easat-9804	181	20	hess	hess	PROPN
easat-9804	181	21	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	181	22	the	the	DET
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easat-9804	181	24	findex	findex	PROPN
easat-9804	181	25	database	database	PROPN
easat-9804	181	26	2017	2017	NUM
easat-9804	181	27	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	181	28	measuring	measure	VERB
easat-9804	181	29	financial	financial	ADJ
easat-9804	181	30	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
easat-9804	181	31	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	181	32	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	181	33	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	182	1	washington	washington	PROPN
easat-9804	182	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	182	3	dc	dc	PROPN
easat-9804	182	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	182	5	world	world	PROPN
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easat-9804	182	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	182	8	2020	2020	NUM
easat-9804	182	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	183	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	183	2	14	14	NUM
easat-9804	183	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	183	4	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-9804	183	5	beck	beck	PROPN
easat-9804	183	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	183	7	r.	r.	PROPN
easat-9804	183	8	levine	levine	PROPN
easat-9804	183	9	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	183	11	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	183	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	183	13	globalization	globalization	NOUN
easat-9804	183	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	183	15	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	183	16	the	the	DET
easat-9804	183	17	handbook	handbook	NOUN
easat-9804	183	18	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	183	19	globalization	globalization	NOUN
easat-9804	183	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	183	21	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	183	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	183	23	e.	e.	PROPN
easat-9804	183	24	helpman	helpman	PROPN
easat-9804	183	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	183	26	ed	ed	PROPN
easat-9804	183	27	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	184	1	cheltenham	cheltenham	PROPN
easat-9804	184	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	184	3	u.k	u.k	PROPN
easat-9804	184	4	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	184	5	edward	edward	PROPN
easat-9804	184	6	elgar	elgar	PROPN
easat-9804	184	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	184	8	2018	2018	NUM
easat-9804	184	9	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	185	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	185	2	15	15	NUM
easat-9804	185	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	185	4	w.	w.	PROPN
easat-9804	185	5	al	al	PROPN
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easat-9804	185	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	185	8	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	185	9	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	185	10	alzyadat	alzyadat	PROPN
easat-9804	185	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	185	12	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	185	13	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-9804	185	14	al	al	PROPN
easat-9804	185	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	185	16	zeaud	zeaud	PROPN
easat-9804	185	17	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	185	18	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	185	19	the	the	DET
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easat-9804	185	28	:	:	PUNCT
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easat-9804	185	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	185	34	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-9804	185	39	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	185	41	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	185	42	business	business	NOUN
easat-9804	185	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	185	44	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	185	45	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	185	46	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	185	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	185	48	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	185	49	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	185	50	5	5	NUM
easat-9804	185	51	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	185	52	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	185	53	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	186	1	9–17	9–17	NOUN
easat-9804	186	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	186	3	2022	2022	NUM
easat-9804	186	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	187	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	187	2	16	16	NUM
easat-9804	187	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	187	4	r.	r.	PROPN
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easat-9804	187	9	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	187	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	187	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	187	14	a.	a.	PROPN
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easat-9804	187	16	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	187	19	deepening	deepening	NOUN
easat-9804	187	20	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	187	21	growth	growth	NOUN
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easat-9804	187	24	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	187	25	income	income	NOUN
easat-9804	187	26	countries	country	NOUN
easat-9804	187	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	187	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	187	29	imf	imf	PROPN
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easat-9804	187	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	187	33	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	187	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	188	1	wp/20/25	wp/20/25	PROPN
easat-9804	188	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	188	3	2020	2020	NUM
easat-9804	188	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	189	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	189	2	17	17	NUM
easat-9804	189	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	189	4	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-9804	189	5	y.	y.	PROPN
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easat-9804	189	7	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	189	8	zeaud	zeaud	PROPN
easat-9804	189	9	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	189	10	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	189	11	a.	a.	PROPN
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easat-9804	189	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	189	15	the	the	DET
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easat-9804	189	23	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	189	24	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	189	25	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	189	26	from	from	ADP
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easat-9804	189	29	countries	country	NOUN
easat-9804	189	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	189	31	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-9804	189	37	finance	finance	NOUN
easat-9804	189	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	189	39	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	189	40	.	.	PROPN
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easat-9804	189	42	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	189	44	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	189	45	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	189	46	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	189	47	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	189	48	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	190	1	104–112	104–112	NUM
easat-9804	190	2	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	190	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	191	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	191	2	18	18	NUM
easat-9804	191	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	191	4	r.	r.	PROPN
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easat-9804	191	6	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	191	7	s.	s.	PROPN
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easat-9804	191	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	191	10	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	191	11	stock	stock	NOUN
easat-9804	191	12	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	191	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	191	14	banks	bank	NOUN
easat-9804	191	15	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	191	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	191	17	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	191	18	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	191	19	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	191	20	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	191	21	american	american	PROPN
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easat-9804	191	23	review	review	PROPN
easat-9804	191	24	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	191	26	.	.	PROPN
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easat-9804	191	28	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	191	30	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	191	31	3	3	NUM
easat-9804	191	32	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	191	33	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	191	34	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	192	1	537	537	NUM
easat-9804	192	2	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	192	3	558	558	NUM
easat-9804	192	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	192	5	1998	1998	NUM
easat-9804	192	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	193	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	193	2	19	19	NUM
easat-9804	193	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	193	4	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-9804	193	5	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	193	6	caporale	caporale	PROPN
easat-9804	193	7	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	193	8	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	193	9	h.	h.	PROPN
easat-9804	193	10	hadj	hadj	PROPN
easat-9804	193	11	amor	amor	PROPN
easat-9804	193	12	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	193	13	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	193	14	n.	n.	NOUN
easat-9804	193	15	rault	rault	NOUN
easat-9804	193	16	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	193	17	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	193	18	capital	capital	NOUN
easat-9804	193	19	market	market	NOUN
easat-9804	193	20	development	development	NOUN
easat-9804	193	21	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	193	22	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
easat-9804	193	23	stability	stability	NOUN
easat-9804	193	24	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	193	25	emerging	emerge	VERB
easat-9804	193	26	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	193	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	193	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	193	29	cesifo	cesifo	PROPN
easat-9804	193	30	working	work	VERB
easat-9804	193	31	paper	paper	NOUN
easat-9804	193	32	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	193	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	193	34	9368	9368	NUM
easat-9804	193	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	193	36	2021	2021	NUM
easat-9804	193	37	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	194	1	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
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easat-9804	194	8	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01589.x	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01589.x	ADJ
easat-9804	194	9	340	340	NUM
easat-9804	194	10	edelweiss	edelweiss	PROPN
easat-9804	194	11	applied	apply	VERB
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easat-9804	194	16	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	194	17	2576	2576	NUM
easat-9804	194	18	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	194	19	8484	8484	NUM
easat-9804	194	20	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	194	21	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	195	1	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	195	2	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	195	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	195	5	9	9	NUM
easat-9804	195	6	:	:	SYM
easat-9804	195	7	333	333	NUM
easat-9804	195	8	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	195	9	340	340	NUM
easat-9804	195	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	195	11	2025	2025	NUM
easat-9804	195	12	doi	doi	NOUN
easat-9804	195	13	:	:	PUNCT
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easat-9804	195	15	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	195	16	8484.v9i9.9804	8484.v9i9.9804	NOUN
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easat-9804	195	18	2025	2025	NUM
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easat-9804	195	20	the	the	DET
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easat-9804	195	22	;	;	PUNCT
easat-9804	195	23	licensee	licensee	PROPN
easat-9804	195	24	learning	learning	NOUN
easat-9804	195	25	gate	gate	NOUN
easat-9804	196	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	196	2	20	20	NUM
easat-9804	196	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	196	4	a.	a.	NOUN
easat-9804	196	5	bekele	bekele	PROPN
easat-9804	196	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	196	7	g.	g.	PROPN
easat-9804	196	8	n.	n.	PROPN
easat-9804	196	9	mulugeta	mulugeta	PROPN
easat-9804	196	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	196	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	196	12	t.	t.	PROPN
easat-9804	196	13	t.	t.	PROPN
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easat-9804	196	17	private	private	ADJ
easat-9804	196	18	credit	credit	NOUN
easat-9804	196	19	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	196	20	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	196	21	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	196	22	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	196	23	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	196	24	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	196	25	a	a	DET
easat-9804	196	26	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
easat-9804	196	27	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	196	28	analysis	analysis	NOUN
easat-9804	196	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	196	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	196	31	cogent	cogent	NOUN
easat-9804	196	32	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-9804	196	33	&	&	CCONJ
easat-9804	196	34	finance	finance	PROPN
easat-9804	196	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	196	36	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	196	37	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	196	38	11	11	NUM
easat-9804	196	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	196	40	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	196	41	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	196	42	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	196	43	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	196	44	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-9804	196	45	article	article	NOUN
easat-9804	196	46	2186033	2186033	NUM
easat-9804	196	47	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	196	48	2023	2023	NUM
easat-9804	196	49	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	197	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	197	2	21	21	NUM
easat-9804	197	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	197	4	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-9804	197	5	al	al	PROPN
easat-9804	197	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	197	7	khatib	khatib	PROPN
easat-9804	197	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	197	9	a.-n	a.-n	PROPN
easat-9804	197	10	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	198	1	el	el	PROPN
easat-9804	198	2	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	198	3	kassar	kassar	PROPN
easat-9804	198	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	198	5	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	198	6	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	198	7	fayyad	fayyad	PROPN
easat-9804	198	8	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	198	9	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	198	10	the	the	DET
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easat-9804	198	18	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	198	19	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	198	20	evidence	evidence	NOUN
easat-9804	198	21	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	198	22	the	the	DET
easat-9804	198	23	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	198	24	region	region	PROPN
easat-9804	198	25	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	198	26	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	198	27	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-9804	198	28	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	198	29	economic	economic	ADJ
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easat-9804	198	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	198	32	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	198	33	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	199	1	47	47	NUM
easat-9804	199	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	199	3	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	199	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	199	5	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	199	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	199	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	199	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	200	1	45–62	45–62	NUM
easat-9804	200	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	200	3	2022	2022	NUM
easat-9804	200	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	201	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	201	2	22	22	NUM
easat-9804	201	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	201	4	i.	i.	PROPN
easat-9804	201	5	el	el	PROPN
easat-9804	201	6	-	-	PUNCT
easat-9804	201	7	khishin	khishin	ADJ
easat-9804	201	8	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	201	9	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	201	10	omran	omran	NOUN
easat-9804	201	11	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	201	12	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	201	13	government	government	NOUN
easat-9804	201	14	spending	spending	NOUN
easat-9804	201	15	composition	composition	NOUN
easat-9804	201	16	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	201	17	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	201	18	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	201	19	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	201	20	the	the	DET
easat-9804	201	21	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	201	22	region	region	PROPN
easat-9804	201	23	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	201	24	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	201	25	middle	middle	PROPN
easat-9804	201	26	east	east	PROPN
easat-9804	201	27	development	development	PROPN
easat-9804	201	28	journal	journal	PROPN
easat-9804	201	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	201	30	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	201	31	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	201	32	13	13	NUM
easat-9804	201	33	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	201	34	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	201	35	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	201	36	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	201	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	201	38	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	201	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	202	1	215–234	215–234	NUM
easat-9804	202	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	202	3	2021	2021	NUM
easat-9804	202	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	203	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	203	2	23	23	NUM
easat-9804	203	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	203	4	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-9804	203	5	ebghaei	ebghaei	NOUN
easat-9804	203	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	203	7	s.	s.	PROPN
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easat-9804	203	9	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	203	10	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	203	11	s.	s.	PROPN
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easat-9804	203	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	203	14	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	203	15	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-9804	203	16	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-9804	203	17	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	203	18	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	203	19	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	203	20	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	203	21	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	203	22	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	203	23	countries	countries	PROPN
easat-9804	203	24	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	203	25	a	a	DET
easat-9804	203	26	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	203	27	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
easat-9804	203	28	approach	approach	NOUN
easat-9804	203	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	203	30	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	203	31	emerging	emerge	VERB
easat-9804	203	32	markets	market	NOUN
easat-9804	203	33	review	review	VERB
easat-9804	203	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	203	35	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	203	36	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	203	37	54	54	NUM
easat-9804	203	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	203	39	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-9804	203	40	100951	100951	NUM
easat-9804	203	41	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	203	42	2023	2023	NUM
easat-9804	203	43	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	204	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	204	2	24	24	NUM
easat-9804	204	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	204	4	m.	m.	NOUN
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easat-9804	204	8	a.	a.	NOUN
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easat-9804	204	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	204	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	204	12	trade	trade	NOUN
easat-9804	204	13	openness	openness	NOUN
easat-9804	204	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	204	15	economic	economic	ADJ
easat-9804	204	16	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	204	17	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	204	18	mena	mena	PROPN
easat-9804	204	19	countries	countries	PROPN
easat-9804	204	20	:	:	PUNCT
easat-9804	204	21	the	the	DET
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easat-9804	204	23	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	204	24	export	export	NOUN
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easat-9804	204	26	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	204	27	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	204	28	economic	economic	ADJ
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easat-9804	204	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	204	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	204	32	.	.	PROPN
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easat-9804	204	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	204	35	p.	p.	NOUN
easat-9804	204	36	105673	105673	NUM
easat-9804	204	37	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	204	38	2022	2022	NUM
easat-9804	204	39	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	205	2	25	25	NUM
easat-9804	205	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	4	a.	a.	PROPN
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easat-9804	205	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	11	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	205	12	a.	a.	NOUN
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easat-9804	205	14	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	15	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	16	a	a	DET
easat-9804	205	17	tale	tale	NOUN
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easat-9804	205	19	government	government	NOUN
easat-9804	205	20	spending	spending	NOUN
easat-9804	205	21	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
easat-9804	205	22	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	205	23	trust	trust	NOUN
easat-9804	205	24	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	205	25	the	the	DET
easat-9804	205	26	state	state	NOUN
easat-9804	205	27	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	28	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	29	public	public	ADJ
easat-9804	205	30	choice	choice	NOUN
easat-9804	205	31	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	32	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	205	33	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	205	34	200	200	NUM
easat-9804	205	35	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	36	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	205	37	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	205	38	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	205	39	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	40	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	205	41	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	42	89	89	NUM
easat-9804	205	43	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	205	44	118	118	NUM
easat-9804	205	45	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	205	46	2024	2024	NUM
easat-9804	205	47	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	206	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-024-01144-6	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-024-01144-6	NUM
easat-9804	207	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	207	2	26	26	NUM
easat-9804	207	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	207	4	g.	g.	PROPN
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easat-9804	207	7	p.	p.	PROPN
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easat-9804	207	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	207	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	207	12	welfare	welfare	NOUN
easat-9804	207	13	gains	gain	NOUN
easat-9804	207	14	from	from	ADP
easat-9804	207	15	foreign	foreign	ADJ
easat-9804	207	16	direct	direct	ADJ
easat-9804	207	17	investment	investment	NOUN
easat-9804	207	18	through	through	ADP
easat-9804	207	19	technology	technology	NOUN
easat-9804	207	20	transfer	transfer	NOUN
easat-9804	207	21	to	to	ADP
easat-9804	207	22	local	local	ADJ
easat-9804	207	23	suppliers	supplier	NOUN
easat-9804	207	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	207	25	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	207	26	journal	journal	NOUN
easat-9804	207	27	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	207	28	international	international	ADJ
easat-9804	207	29	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-9804	207	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	207	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	207	32	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	207	33	74	74	NUM
easat-9804	207	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	207	35	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	207	36	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	207	37	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	207	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	207	39	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	207	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	207	41	402	402	NUM
easat-9804	207	42	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	207	43	421	421	NUM
easat-9804	207	44	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	207	45	2008	2008	NUM
easat-9804	207	46	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	208	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2007.05.011	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2007.05.011	PRON
easat-9804	208	2	[	[	X
easat-9804	208	3	27	27	NUM
easat-9804	208	4	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	208	5	m.	m.	NOUN
easat-9804	208	6	eberhardt	eberhardt	PROPN
easat-9804	208	7	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	208	8	f.	f.	PROPN
easat-9804	208	9	teal	teal	PROPN
easat-9804	208	10	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	208	11	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	208	12	structural	structural	ADJ
easat-9804	208	13	change	change	NOUN
easat-9804	208	14	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	208	15	cross	cross	ADJ
easat-9804	208	16	-	-	ADJ
easat-9804	208	17	country	country	ADJ
easat-9804	208	18	growth	growth	NOUN
easat-9804	208	19	empirics	empiric	NOUN
easat-9804	208	20	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	208	21	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	208	22	world	world	NOUN
easat-9804	208	23	bank	bank	PROPN
easat-9804	208	24	economic	economic	PROPN
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easat-9804	208	26	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	208	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	208	31	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	208	32	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	208	33	2	2	NUM
easat-9804	208	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	208	35	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	208	36	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	209	1	229–271	229–271	NUM
easat-9804	209	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	209	3	2013	2013	NUM
easat-9804	209	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	210	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	210	2	28	28	NUM
easat-9804	210	3	]	]	X
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easat-9804	210	8	a.	a.	PROPN
easat-9804	210	9	c.	c.	PROPN
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easat-9804	210	21	data	datum	NOUN
easat-9804	210	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	210	23	"	"	PUNCT
easat-9804	210	24	the	the	DET
easat-9804	210	25	review	review	NOUN
easat-9804	210	26	of	of	ADP
easat-9804	210	27	economics	economic	NOUN
easat-9804	210	28	and	and	CCONJ
easat-9804	210	29	statistics	statistic	NOUN
easat-9804	210	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	210	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	210	32	.	.	PROPN
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easat-9804	210	34	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	210	35	no	no	INTJ
easat-9804	210	36	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	210	37	4	4	NUM
easat-9804	210	38	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	210	39	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	210	40	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	211	1	549	549	NUM
easat-9804	211	2	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	211	3	560	560	NUM
easat-9804	211	4	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	211	5	1998	1998	NUM
easat-9804	211	6	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	212	1	https://doi.org/10.1162/003465398557825	https://doi.org/10.1162/003465398557825	X
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easat-9804	213	2	29	29	NUM
easat-9804	213	3	]	]	X
easat-9804	213	4	x.	x.	NOUN
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easat-9804	213	11	y.	y.	PROPN
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easat-9804	213	13	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	213	18	and	and	CCONJ
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easat-9804	213	20	in	in	ADP
easat-9804	213	21	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	213	22	data	datum	NOUN
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easat-9804	213	24	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	213	25	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-9804	213	30	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	213	31	vol	vol	NOUN
easat-9804	213	32	.	.	PROPN
easat-9804	214	1	12	12	NUM
easat-9804	214	2	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	214	4	.	.	NOUN
easat-9804	214	5	1	1	NUM
easat-9804	214	6	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	214	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	215	1	45–62	45–62	NUM
easat-9804	215	2	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	215	3	2023	2023	NUM
easat-9804	215	4	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	216	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	216	2	30	30	NUM
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easat-9804	216	17	(	(	PUNCT
easat-9804	216	18	vif	vif	PROPN
easat-9804	216	19	)	)	PUNCT
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easat-9804	216	28	professions	profession	NOUN
easat-9804	216	29	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	216	30	vol	vol	NOUN
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easat-9804	216	38	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-9804	217	2	31	31	NUM
easat-9804	217	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-9804	217	19	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-9804	217	22	paper	paper	NOUN
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easat-9804	217	25	.	.	NOUN
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easat-9804	217	29	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-9804	218	3	]	]	PUNCT
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easat-9804	218	23	"	"	PUNCT
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easat-9804	218	27	.	.	PROPN
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easat-9804	219	2	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	219	5	5	5	NUM
easat-9804	219	6	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	219	7	pp	pp	ADJ
easat-9804	219	8	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	220	1	1287	1287	NUM
easat-9804	220	2	-	-	SYM
easat-9804	220	3	1294	1294	NUM
easat-9804	220	4	,	,	PUNCT
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easat-9804	220	6	.	.	PUNCT
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easat-9804	222	1	[	[	X
easat-9804	222	2	33	33	NUM
easat-9804	222	3	]	]	PUNCT
easat-9804	222	4	b.	b.	PROPN
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easat-9804	222	11	panel	panel	NOUN
easat-9804	222	12	data	datum	NOUN
easat-9804	222	13	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	222	14	6th	6th	ADJ
easat-9804	222	15	ed	ed	NOUN
easat-9804	222	16	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	222	17	cham	cham	PROPN
easat-9804	222	18	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	222	19	switzerland	switzerland	PROPN
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easat-9804	222	22	,	,	PUNCT
easat-9804	222	23	2021	2021	NUM
easat-9804	222	24	.	.	PUNCT
easat-9804	223	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-024-01144-6	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-024-01144-6	PROPN
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easat-9804	223	4	https://doi.org/10.2307/1911963	https://doi.org/10.2307/1911963	VERB