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Volume 1 , Number 2, November 2016 

 ISSN : 2579-8383 (Print) ISSN : 2579-8405 (Online)  

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Dismantling Paradigm Book Ta'limul Muta'allim 

 
Yuli Choirul Ummah, Muh. Barid Nizarudin Wajdi 

STAI Miftahul 'Ula Kertosono Nganjuk 

riyu.choirul57@gmail.com 

 

Accepted: 

10 August 2016 

reviewed:  

September 5, 2016 

Published:  

20 November 2016 

 

Abstract: The wrong factor and careless of knowledge qualifications is mistake position in 

learning. Classification of knowledge such as knowledge must be learned and knowledge is 

forbidden to learn. The knowledge is forbidden to learn Becomes individual obligation as like 

Oneness of God, knowledge rep obligation as like legacy knowledge. One of an example of 

knowledge must be learned individually is attitude knowledge, modesty, and some other thing. 

 

Keyword:  dig up, paradigm, ta'limul muta'alim book. 

 

Introduction 

Islam is the religion of God was sent down to man to set any rules both with regard to 

the vertical relationship between man and God that includes commands and 

prohibitions(Ubudiyah)and horizontal relationships between men, with animals and 

nature(Mu'amalah).Furthermore, human send option is really capable of being a third transformer 

of the relationship, is Nabi Muhammad SAW of Quraiys group, appointed by God as a 

transmitter of the treatise in the form of the Qur'an, the teachings he always encourages people 

always learn. As word of the Nabi Muhammad SAW: 

ويسهًة يسهى كم عهى فريضة انعهى طهة   

"Seeking knowledge is obligatory for a Muslim (male and female)". 1 

Although some regard Muhaddist above hadith is dla'if in terms of their transmitters2  but 

because this hadith including hadith al-A'malFadlail,meaning the hadith that explains about the 

virtues of an act, it may be practiced. The guarantee happiness of religion as persuasive action in 

its role as a center of science are given degrees mulya for educational actors (teachers and students).  

 Noting the role of education that actually is a necessity, then education experts began to 

introduce some learning methods such as Quantum Teaching (QT) that was developed and refined 

into Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL),3the method based learning environment and more 

methods learning began to socialize. However, most people have not been able to apply it. 

                                                 
1
, Abdillah bin Muhammad bin Abi Yazid al-Qaswini, Sunan ibn Majah (Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 2004), I, 87.   

2
 It said dla'if  because one of their transmitters are disabled on Hafas bin Sulaiman but according to imam Suyuthi, 

syeikh Nawawi asked on this hadith, he said that the hadith dla'if terms saheeh sanad but in terms of meaning. Even 

Jamaluddin Mizzi said that this hadith included in the hasancategory.Abi 'Abd Allah ibn Muhammad bin al-Beiruti 

Darawaisy,  Asna al-Mathalib 269..  
3
This concept in the mentioned by Elaine B. Johnson, Ph.D. which assumes that students will be able to absorb the 

lessons if they grasp the meaning o f the academic material they receive. Elaine B. Johnson, Ph.D., Contextual Teaching 

& Learning (Bandung: MLC, 2006),  

mailto:riyu.choirul57@gmail.com


  

 
Yuli Choirul Ummah  

Dismantling Paradigm Book Ta'limul Muta'allim  

 

 

  

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Ironically, people began to abandon the methods of classical learning described education 

experts of Islam that is packed with simple method however has the result that much better in 

improving the quality of education students, both in terms of intelligence (IntelligenceQuetient), 

skill or expertise(EmotionalQuesient), as well as moral and religious 

intelligence(SpiritualQuesient).Burhanuddin az-Zarnuji is one education expert who introduced the 

method of learning through such monumental work Ta'lim Tariq al-Muta'allimat-Ta'allum.This 

book is classified as major work being the main reference of pesantren education in running the 

educational system. 

 

Overview of the Book study groups al-Thariq al-Ta'allum Muta'allim.  

A. Biography Az-Zarnuji. 

Az-Zarnuji was a prominent Arab philosopher whose real name is unclear. Likewise on 

the life and career Yag achieved yet been disclosed accurately. 

According to existing sources, that the original name of az-Zarnuji is Imam az-Zarnuji 

Burhanuddin. Az-Zarnuji nickname taken from a city that he tempting that Zaranj region of 

Turkey. He lived in the 12-13 century. Von Grune Gaum and Abel says that he is a scholar who 

lived in the Persian region towards the end of the 12th century and beginning of the 13th century 

(AD). Then added that he was a scholar of Fiqh schools Hanafiyah famous Khurasan and 

Transoxiana region (the area north of the river Amodaria). 

Plesner seeks to provide an estimate of the relative approaching sure about his life. He 

was referring to the data stated in the library catalog Ahlwardt Berlin no-III that az-Zarnuji lived 

around the year 620 (1223). 

Then Plesner test Ahlwardt estimates that by collecting data on the life of a scholar who 

identified as az-Zarnuji teacher or at least had direct contact with him or her. Among the most 

famous is Burhanuddin Imam Ali bin Abi Bakr al-Farghani, Deceased in 593 AH, Imam Fakhr 

al-Islam al-Hasan ibn Mansur al Farghani Death 600 H. Imam Fakhr al-Din al-Kashani, died in 

587 H / 1191M. Imam Rukn ad-Din Muhammad ibn Abi4Bakr. 

Based on his analysis, Plesner came to the conclusion that life-Zarnuji az little earlier than 

expected by Ahlwardt. 

 

B. Systematics Writing the book study groups at-Ta'allim Thariq Al-Ta'allum. 

1. Background writing. 

Works made az-Zarnuji priest has the background as he expressed in the foreword to the 

book that is set off from his studies of cases seekers of knowledge. The Clear expression he 

pointed out that: 

زيُُا فى انعهى طالب يٍ كثيرا رئيت فهًا    

"Once I observed, many knowledge seekers (students, students, and students) in my generation, it turns 

out they get a lot of knowledge but can not achieve the benefits of science and its fruit, that practice and 

transformation" 5 ". 

Factors mistakes and less attention to the terms of studying according to him is where 

                                                 
4
15..Pound. Pes. Ulum Miftahul Sidogiri, my teacher at the school, (Pasuruan: LPSI, 1999),  

5
21..Az-Zarnuji, Ta'lim al-Thariq al -Ta'allum Muta'allim, (Surabaya: Dar- Nasr al-Misriyah, tt),  



  

 
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the mistakes of those in the study of science. He concluded that the error terms of such 

methods, media, and other supporting factors would be fatal in obtaining perfectly 

science(InputofEducaty).With this background, then he tried to write books that explain the 

provisions that must be done by the prosecution of science.  

 

2. Systematics of writing.  

In the book entitled "Ta'limal - Muta'allim thariq al -Ta'allum."Az-Zarnuji focusing all the 

discussion of the methods of learning, critical success factors, supporters and matters relating to 

the achievement of learning outcomes for the prosecution of science. None of the discussions 

which he wrote except in sinergiskan and associate it with science.  

 

B. The method of Learning Ta'lim Tariq al-Muta'allimat-Ta'allum. 

In the book of al-Muta'allim Ta'lim tariqat-Ta'allum,Imam Burhanuddin az-Zarnuji 

focused his research on issues related to science. Az-Zarnuji give his views in the book are based 

on the proposition that consists of several hadiths and Maqal al-Ulama '(sayingsUlama) on the 

obligation of a person in their studies, as a hadith contained in the book are: 

ويسهًة يسهى كم عهى فريضة انعهى طهة   

"Seeking knowledge is obligatory for Muslim men and Muslim women"6". 

Apart from these hadiths that are considered editorial dla'if by muhaddist for their 

narrators that do not meet the standards as described in the authentic background of the 

previous problem was compounded by the muslimatiin said in the editorial above, az-Zarnuji 

start a discussion about the first step in studying that intention,  

 

In the discussion of this intention, az-Zarnuji start using the fatwas of scholars in the 

form of a poem. Like the poem expressed Imam Burhanuddin author of al-Hidayah, poetry 

Imam Qamaruddin Hammad bin Ibrahim bin Ismail ash-Saffar al-Ansari dictated imam of Abu 

Hanifa, and many more citations poems even further, az-Zarnuji include a few lines of poetry 

deemed relevant to the discussion so book Ta'lim Tariq al-Muta'allim at-Ta'allum like a collection 

of poems and then explained his point. Assumptions author is this is in accordance with the 

penchant for early Muslims were greatly admired the poetry of famous figures that az-Zarnuji 

make learning methodology with the tone provocative that include the names of the scholars' 

great as Abu Yusuf and Abu Hanifah along said words of wisdom about science. 

In the use of the proposition as a reinforcement of the discussion, az-Zarnuji never uses 

the arguments of the Qur'an directly, he only uses some of the content of the Koran without 

mentioning the sound textuality the Koran itself, using hadiths and more use of the poems and 

stories of previous scholars.  

1. categorization az-Zarnuji Sciences. 

According az-Zarnuji, not all the knowledge required to be learned by the prosecution of 

science. Because He then split on the science that mustto be learned(al-mahmudzah)and science 

were forbidden to be learned(al-madzmumah),then he is also sharing the knowledge that must be 

learned into science fardlu 'ain to learn as learning monotheism and science are only fardlu 

                                                 
6
3..Az-zarnuji, Ta'lim al -Thariq al -Ta'allum Muta'allim,  (Indonesia: Ihya al-Pole al-'Arabiyah, tt),  



  

 
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kifayah to learn as learning science division of the inheritance. One example is also a science that 

must be individually is studying morals such as generosity, humility and so on. In thi s issue az-

Zarnuji too much in giving a view that is by obliging to every individual Muslim to examine the 

books of morality work of a scholar named Sayyid Imam Nasruddin Abdul Qasim. But once 

again, the authors assumed that assertion it is only as an assertion of a general nature, meaning 

that Sayyid Imam Nasruddin Abdul Qasim is a book that is considered good by az-Zarnuji and 

studies the book of morals in accordance with the guidance of the clergy should be done not 

affirmation was only directed specifically against book Sayyid Imam Nasruddin Abdul Qasim. 

given while the obligatory example for science Kifayah in looking for it is a science that is 

conditional as the science of inheritance and others. While the science of unlawful studied for az-

Zarnuji is the science that would lead us like sorcery and augury (divination, astronomy). But he 

still tolerated by saying as necessary for the good. As augury to locate the Qibla and prayer time. 

 

2. Ethics Learning az-Zarnuji. 

In the study of ethics, az-Zarnuji describes the nine principles that must be done by a 

student such as: 

a. Do not have undue expectations held by religious people, humble, not arrogant and being 

Iffah, meant to keep away from low deeds and sin. 

b. Prioritizing science of monotheism and knowledge required in today's religious affairs then 

the future. 

c. Choosing a pious teacher (smart). Warak, and older as well as honor, children, and people 

who have a relationship with him.  

d. Memulyakan book learned while studying to be in holy condition. 

e. Studious and does not impose himself (stamina physically and mentally). 

f. Always puts the deliberations when it finds difficulty in understanding the science. 

g. Steadfast and patient in the study. 

h. Choosing a diligent friend, devout, have good character and critical in responding to 

problems of science. 

i. Streamlining educational purposes only because of God and not because of wealth and so 

forth. 

 

As for teaching ethical issues, az-Zarnuji does not mention in this book. This is in 

accordance with field studies focused az-Zarnuji for the prosecution of science or not a teacher 

or student teacher. It is also the relevance of the title of the book that he made, namely Ethics 

Study for the prosecution of Science (tarj. Ta'lim al-Muta'allim tariqat-Ta'allum).  

 

3. Learning Objectives az-Zarnuji. 

According az-Zarnuji, each student must have a purpose mulya as his words: 

 عهى انشكر ويُوىثه. اإلسالو وإتقاء انديٍ وإحياء, هللا رضا انعهى تطهة انًتعهى يُوي أٌ ويُثغى

انثدٌ وصحة انعقم َعًة . 

"In the study we recommend students intending merely for the pleasure of Allah SWT, expect happiness 

hereafter, eliminate ignorance to yourself and others, to revive the teachings of religion, and preserving Islam as well 

as an expression of gratitude to the delicious sense and health that is given Allah". 



  

 
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So according to az-Zarnuji purpose of the learning process for students is a must lead to 

positive things in the absence of elements which contradict with religious values such as seeking 

popularity in the midst of society, seeking the position or rank as well as other negative purposes. 

 

4. Learning Model az-Zarnuji. 

Starting from the effectiveness of time spent, az-Zarnuji clinging to some empirical 

proposition naqli and carried out by people who successfully get the science as Abu Hanifa. He 

mentions in his book that it is time effective and considered better by al-Hadith and experiences 

learned scholars of the Salaf is the time that starts from Wednesday. Az-Zarnuji quoted the 

hadith Nabi Muhammad SAW in his book, which reads: 

 

إال األرتعاء يوو فى تدئ شيئ يٍ يا: وسهى عهيه هللا صهى هللا رسول قال   

"There is something that starts from Wednesday but will end up perfectly (successfully)"  7 , 

The size of learning at an early stage is the provision of material that is easy to 

understand that if by repeating twice can be mastered. Then the next day, written sentence by 

sentence, in the hope after the material that is taught pretty much the student can master it by 

simply repeating it twice. The assumption that the author of this model is the model Takriir or 

Muhadatsah almost the same as the model, the model of learning by repeating the material that 

has been studied so that learners can memorize it.  

Elsewhere, az-Zarnuji rote learning model describes the way: 

a. The material studied in the recently completed five times. 

b. Material two days ago is repeated four times. 

c. The material three days ago repeated three times. 

d. Material four days ago was repeated twice. 

e. Material five days ago was repeated one time. 

 

In addition to the above models, az-Zarnuji also uses some type of learning models 

include: 

a. Remembering the lesson(Mudzakarah). 

b. Discuss(Munadzarah). 

c. Solve problems together(Mutharahah). 

d. If the inner(Riyadlah). 

 

1) How to provide motivation and encouragement to readers. 

Az-Zarnuji started the discussion by relying on story and narrative scholars such as Abu 

Hanifa and Abu Yusuf in the reader's attention to practice it. 

 

2) The use of language. 

Az-Zarnuji uses short and easily understood the language in providing guidance for 

students. he does not talk about the ethics of educators in providing instruction.  

3) Az-Zarnuji more oriented on ethics students in the world of Sufism and the congregation. 

                                                 
7
4..Az-Zarnuji, Ta'lim al-Thariq al -Ta'allum Muta'allim,  4.  



  

 
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4)  Az-Zarnuji presents a special method d in memorizing lessons for students  

writing about the book Ta'lim al muta'aalim is more geared to an analysis for the sake of 

scientific interest. Because he is, without the doubt, a figure that many Islamic thinkers to 

contribute ideas so much easier for the students in achieving successful learning outcomes. 

 

 

REFERENCES 

 

Abi Yazid ibn Muhammad bin Abd al-Qaswini. Sunan ibnMajah.Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 2004. 

Abi 'Abd Allah ibn Muhammad bin al-Beiruti Darawaisy. Asnaal-Mathalib.Beirut: dar al-Fikr, 

1991. 

Az-Zarnuji. Ta'lim al-Thariq al-Ta'allumMuta'allim.Surabaya: Dar- Nasr al-Misriyah, tt, 2004. 

Elaine B. Johnson, Ph.D. Contextual Teaching &Learning.Bandung: MLC, 2006. 

Pon. Pes. Ulum Miftahul Sidogiri. My teacher at the school.Pasuruan: LPSI 1999. 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


