




































 

 
EDUCATIO : Journal Of Education 

Volume 1 , Number 2, November 2016 
 ISSN : 2579-8383 (Print) ISSN : 2579-8405 (Online)  

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Education Reform Towards the Future 

Development of Nation 

Devit Etika Sari 
STAI Mifahul 'Ula Kertosono Nganjuk 

Devitetikasari@gmail.com 
 
 

Published: 
October 20 2016 

Reviewed: 
September 13 2016 

Accepted: 
August 11 2016 

 
Abstract: Global era is a challenge for seizing competitive quality among 
nations. The challenge Become an agenda for an education system Realizing 
Able to answer some requirement for development. Education is the main pillar 
of development Actually, functional decadence of education h ~ 9Ccurred 
within erosion in the process of striking objective of education: Reformation is 
urgent, in terms of education system, the learning of personal education, the 
existence of education personals. Reformation in the three elements should be 
synergic and progressing mission / visions for education leading to the purpose 
of human development, generating human who are intelligent, Piety, scholarly, 
humanistic, adaptive, independent, moralized, fair, and populism. Some effort 
for Realizing the objectives are the responsibility of government, schools and 
society. Thought this writing, it is Discussed some issues of education 
reformations by converting aspects of institutions, professionalism of education 
personals, and their relation to the future development of Nations. 
 
Keywords: Educations Reformation. 
 

Introduction 

Education is a process of humanization (humanizing). Through 

education, people are able to develop themselves with others. Within the 

context of education that might only be understood when human social seen as 

individual and social figures interactively. Interactions are causing issues for 

human resource investments can not be separated from the interests of society 

and the nation as a whole. The forms can not be separated from the educational 

praxis educational goals, values, and issues of cultural identity adopted. The  



  
 

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education part of the process of community life. Therefore, the development of 

education can not be separated from social change of a nation. 

Education is one of the basic tasks of the state. The government is 

obliged to organize institutionally through schools from elementary through 

college level. Nation building and social change will be interdependent with the 

education program launched by the government in anticipation of the 

development of local governments in the global era. One consequence of 

globalization is the advancement of science and technology that will change 

rapidly to the demands of the world of education. Advances in technology led 

to certain jobs are no longer needed, and for jobs demanding new skills stink. 

They were not able to adjust to be marginalized and schools can be said to be 

missed. To that educational institutions should make changes to the 

anticipatory learning process on the development of global demand. 

The development of science and technology is also an impact on the 

labor market. In the medium to long term, the increase in labor quality can only 

be achieved through adjustments in national education programs with the needs 

of global economic development. Improving the quality of labor is one of the 

functions of national education. The function of education in addition to meet 

the labor market, also must be able to instill intellectual abilities, spiritual and 

emotional attitude of the younger generation to prevent silting of life. Because 

the modem life force due to global flows containing the excesses of moral 

decadence, educational orientation, should able to anticipate these 

consequences. 

The influence of modernization more urgent to be anticipated especially 

if it is associated with susceptibility to a society that is being felt transition from 

feudal-agrarian societies toward democratic-industrial society. Life processes in 

the transition period a lot of values that have not been established or no 

normative benchmark. The educational process should be based on the culture 



  
 

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of the nation society. Therefore, education reform efforts can not be separated 

from issue of improving people's lives and human values. 

Education can be seen as a cultural transformation, which is to transfer 

values, knowledge, wisdom and skill that has been crystallized in the preceding 

from society to society later. Education, presented by educational experts, as 

written by The Liang Gie is "any process, orin formal formal, that helps develop the 

potentialities of human beings, Including Reviews their knowledge, capabilities, behavior 

patters and values".1 Thus, education has the main task: develop a scientific 

attitude, scientific thinking, values and shape human behavior can play a role in 

the modern world. Therefore, through education, the government is 

responsible for the future of Indonesia. 

Education makes intelligent, knowledgeable, humane, independent, 

moral, pious and populist. Meanwhile, the education experience decadence 

orientation in achieving its goals. The tendency of education is oriented to the 

fulfillment of field. Side of the formation of national character a touch less 

meaningful. Education is often interpreted as transfer of knowledge. If so, 

education is only capable of feeding only, not to the purpose of education as 

wrote in Law No. 20 year 2003 Article 1, "education seeks to develop the 

potential of students to have the spiritual power of religion: self-control, 

personality, intelligence, character and skills needed him, society, nation and 

country".2 

Curriculum with changes in grain organization not optimal learning 

materials to meet the demands in giving provision for students to be able to live 

independently and adaptively in the global era. The facts show that the 

unemployment rate from year to year increase. According to reports Voice 

                                                      
1 The Liang Gie, Science Education In Indonesia A Suggestion (Yogyakarta: Pubib, 1998), 44. 
2 Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 of 2003 Article 1. National Education System 

(Bandung: Image Umbara, 2003) 



  
 

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Updates, Monday, June 10, 2002, the number of educated unemployment 

continues, estimated that each year the number of unemployed will more than 

2.5 million.3 From the above it for a future nation-building, education reform is 

an urgent need to do. 

Nations that want to advance is the nation's attention to education. 

Education is the main pillar in building the nation in the future. The 

government's efforts in improving the education already stated in Guidelines, 

2003, namely: "the realization of the system and the educational climate of 

national democratic and quality in order to strengthen noble character, creative, 

innovative, resourceful nationality, intelligent, healthy, disciplined and 

responsible, skilled, and mastering science and technology in order to develop 

the quality of Indonesian people ". These ideals can be realized through the 

process of education. As the implementation of the alternative paradigm that 

could be raised in education among other things that: 1) education as a process 

of educating generations of development, 2) education as a means of moral 

formation, character, 3) education as a tool of the establishment of the nation's 

consciousness, 4) education as a tool to lift the social status ,4 In this case then 

education as a vehicle for education and dedicated to multiple destinations. 

Educational paradigm can be developed along with the development 

needs of the nation, which is influenced by both internal and external 

environments. The global era will affect educational demands, which ultimately 

will affect the future development of the nation's profile. Profile of nation-

building the future related to education, by Djohar mentioned among others: 1) 

education should be able to mobilize the intellectual revival of learners, 2) 

education should be able to build a child's independence, 3) education should 

be able to establish the identity of the child, 4) diversification of education 

                                                      
3 Trans Team, News Mass Media (www.nakertrans.go.id,accessed on March 28, 2016). 
4 Wahono, Capitalism Education (Yogyakarta: Student Library, 2001), 2. 

http://www.nakertrans.go.id/


  
 

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which produce seed, 5) the diversification of education can only be developed 

with their educational autonomy.5 

If nation-building is associated with the qualification of human 

resources, by Djohar mentioned among others: 1) freedom from ignorance, 2) 

describe modern humans were cultured, 3) have the motivation to move 

forward, 4) have a paradigm of life perspective, 6) have an ethos works and 

discipline high, 7) have a high commitment to togetherness. The above criteria 

should be standard or orientation in reform efforts.6 

 

In order for the nation to survive in the face of the global era revival of 

education should be able to mobilize the intellectual potential of the nation. 

Not only that, to develop the character necessary to develop the intelligence of 

Quantum(QuantumQuotient),which includes three aspects: intellectual, emotional 

and spiritual intelligence.7 Intellectual means everything associated with rational 

thinking, logical and mathematical. Emotional intelligence related to emotions 

and personal and interpersonal. Spiritual intelligence with regard to everything 

beyond the intellectual and emotional (religious factors). 

It has been inevitable that the global era brings new changes in 

education. In the era of the Indonesian people will enter or be part of the 

nation the world's population. To be in the global community does not happen 

turmoil of culture(culturalschok),younger generations need to see the nation's 

existence in relation to other nations community and her problems. Through 

education students need to experience to child that Indonesia does not stand 

alone. Public safety and the glory of the nation will be greatly influenced by 

other nations in the world therefore also relates to an educational format to give 

                                                      
5 Djohar, Reform and the Future of Education in Indonesia (Yogyakarta: Yogyakarta Teachers' 

Training College, 1999), 165. 
6 Djohar, Reform andFuture,204. 
7 Agus Nggermanto, Quantum Quotient ( Bandung: Nuance Wise, 2002), 22. 



  
 

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awareness of learners to instill awareness insight, national, regional and 

international awareness. 

Awareness insight into regional / international will have an impact on 

the process of modernization and have implications for education. As a nation 

that has a personality that must anticipate and reject the kinds of modernization 

that do not fit with the character of the nation. Childbirth education so that a 

new generation capable nation menfilter modernity influence education must be 

able to establish or provide the wisdom of the nation. The fields of science that 

terkmt with the formation of national character must be a sharp focus and do 

redefinition of its existence to anticipate the flow of modernization and 

information that has been taking place in the course of time lead to the 

worldsystem. 

 

Education should produce good-quality scientists, intellectual and 

moral. However, amid talk of the existence of education, in reality there is still a 

discourse that people still doubt the educational function Emitter forming it, 

the character of the nation. Evidence, in bureaucracy is still no indication of 

extensive corruption, still found some bureaucratic pathologies, many immoral 

actions, and krirninal in society. It seems teijadi decadence education in its 

function as a force kulturaI Emitter human form of development in accordance 

with the Education Act No. 20 of 2003, Article 3: 

"National Education serves to develop the ability and character 

development and civilization of the nation's dignity in the context of the 

intellectual life of the nation, is aimed at developing students' potentials to 

become a man of faith and devoted to God Almighty, noble, healthy, 

knowledgeable , capable, creative, independent, and become citizens of a 



  
 

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democratic and responsible ".8 

Educational orientation in its implementation should be comprehensive, 

holistic approach to fulfilling the lives of social man can not be separated from 

the global community. The education process needs to be charges that come 

into contact with the problems of development of culture, values, global 

insight, without prejudice to the field of science that became specialized 

expertise.  

One of the basic principles of education is education that can prepare 

students not only for merniliki a particular profession but includes also the 

understanding to resolve the problems faced in life. Education policy harns 

prepare students to face the three tasks of life: 1) to live(tomake aliving),2) to 

develop life bennakna(tolead a meaningfullife),3) to also glorify life(toenablelife), For 

the future, the orientation of education is not enough to meet the demands on 

the labor market, but more importantly is how education is finding the wisdom 

to solve new problems as a result of industrialization and information.9 

Various problems in education have been demanding education 

observers to immediately see the reality of education that has been going on. 

During this time there is a gap between the orientation of education tend to 

meet pasartenagakeIjadengan formation in order to make sense of life and 

glorify life. Tiilak one if there is a discourse that capitalism ongoing education in 

Indonesia. It became a discussion Wahono in the book "Capitalism Education 

Between Competition and Justice '' People tend to assume through education, 

the future will be bright. People experiencing an imbalance in the educational 

process, which is what you want to achieve through education with the 

                                                      
8 Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 of 2003 Section 3. The National Education System 

(Bandung: Image Umbara, 2003) 
9 Mochtar Buchori, anticipatory Education (Yogyakarta: Doubleday, 2001), 51. 



  
 

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involvement in education.10 These conditions by Kleden, as cited Tanuwijaya in 

his paper titled "Toward integrative experience Mission of Education as a 

human Resources Development", said that "there is a gap between scientific 

knowledge educated man with a scientific attitude everyday. As a result, teijadi 

gap between what is desired / expected with what was done. 

"Educationreform needs to touch new issues related to preparing 

learners to be able to live a life in a society coming tumultuous. All this is 

happening" Orientation education on success life(successinlife),as a result of 

education as a commodity ".11 Then refonnasi education needs to be directed 

not only to success in life, but it also includes glorifying life(toenabellife).the 

success in certain professions (rnisalnya: lawyers, businessmen) do not 

necessarily carry on life which berrnakna. Life berrnakna a result of the 

introduction of self and knowledge of how menyatakanjati ourselves 

meaningfully in the environment of life in society. to that end, the curriculum 

needs to charge the materials that come into contact with human values / social 

justice. in addition, it is necessary mernikir kan also of learning the right 

approach to get to the achievement of that vision. 

Educational phenomenon that has lasted inspire contemplation barn in 

back issues of education. Education in the era of industrialization towards and 

sampaj on education in the era of inforrnasi carry the idea to do reforrnasi. 

Education reform has an idea of improvements to education towards the 

desired change in an effort to achieve the goal.12 Reforrnasi turns out necessary 

to change the education system which is able to create growing conditions 

contextual thinking activity with current and future problems of life. As stated 

by Federico Mayors in UNY Rector Annual Report: The future is not fated, but will 

                                                      
10 Wahono, CapitalismEducation,xi-xv. 
11 Wahono, Capitalism Education, 6. 
12 Mochtar Buchori, Educationanticipatory,21. 



  
 

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be fashioned by our values, thought, andaction.Therefore, education reforrnasi not 

only find a solution to the current conditions, but also anticipate future 

education for the future of life issues are the result of changes made in the 

present. 

Education is a strategic vehicle for print quality human in meeting 

challenges in the global era and capable berkompetisidengan other nations. 

Provision of education is the responsibility of humanitarian and cultural 

strategies in order to maintain the life of mankind berrnartabat. Rnenjadi 

reform efforts focus on improving education to meet the demands of the future 

of the nation's culture as a populist and humanist, among others related to the 

factors that affect the quality of education. The tendency of the paradigm of the 

nature of education as the flow of conservatives that: 

"The essence of education is to preserve the values that exist and 

defend the values and traditions that have been adopted. While walking also 

flow Experimentalists and behaviorism, the view that education must always 

make the human individual to have personal behavior which efektifsehingga 

adjust to the political system and economic structure ".13 

Therefore, the education process is not free from the influence of 

political interests, social, and economists, education policy should no wisdom in 

determining priorities chosen in educational decision making. In this regard it 

periu do repositioning of the role of education as an educational mission 

mandated by the lines Lines of State Policy of 2003, namely that the 

embodiment of the system and the educational climate of national democratic 

and quality in order to strengthen noble character, terarnpil and master of 

science and technology in order to develop manusiaIndonesia quality. 

Many aspects are involved, either directly or indirectly, in influencing 

the quality of education. Things that affect the quality of education, including: 

                                                      
13 Wahono, Capitalism Education, vi. 



  
 

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1) hardware: buildings, laboratories. library, 2) soft ware: curriculum, learning 

systems, 3) brain ware: teachers, leaders and anyone associated with the field of 

education.14 Education reform process should include all elements of the above 

so teJjadi synergy that brings towards improvement. All this has been carried 

out repair and renewal. But the challenges of globalization rnenghadapi need 

emphasis back to the condition being beIjalan to do interventions surigguh 

seriously by education policy makers. 

Reforms in the field of education learning process becomes an 

important part of educational personnel that need to be given in the hands of 

experts kependidikanlah energy learning it can make a prospective educator 

(teacher / lecturer) qualified and professional. Kependidkan force is the 

backbone of the nation's development. The implication impact on quality 

learning process for the young generation, the successor of development. 

Learning education personnel should refer to the professional level of 

prospective educators which are demanded in the global era. Learning materials 

related to the ability of both theoretical and technical professionals need 

renewal in the formulation. Is the substance of the charge of each area of 

expertise (curriculum, course structure, teaching methods and approaches of 

educational personnel) already covers aspects required to prepare candidates 

aspekyang educational staff ready to welcome the nation's future. Surely this is a 

very urgent reform agenda. 

Another problem is the problem of professional teacher certification. 

Competence approach educators need to think acountabilitas.Institutions which 

are actually authorized to provide quality assurance on a professional level 

education personnel. It will be associated with the institution 

user(user),associations / professional organizations. Certification must clearly 

indicate the qualification skills of prospective teachers, and accountable. 

                                                      
14 Base, Improve EducationInequality,Vol. 07-08, 2002, 62. 



  
 

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Certification also reflect the expected quality standards, both at national and 

international level. It seems important redefinition of professional teachers and 

teacher professional indicators setting standards, both national and international 

levels which in turn will affect and followed up on the learning process. 

For quality assurance, certification are not valid forever, no time period 

for refurbishment. Along with the renewal of the certification, also conducted 

tests of competence to a variety of abilities related to learning. If in a certain 

time period of education personnel concerned does not meet the standards of 

competence ToKind-specific skills, are given training, which resulted the  

compliance needed in the global market. Referring to the idea Makmur Muis in 

his paper: "National Competency Standards Charged Intemasional", manpower 

needed in the global marketplace include: 1) have the quality and high 

competitiveness, 2) capable of doing development and innovation: initiative, 

creativity, confidence, responsibility responsibility, mobility,loyal to the 

organization.15 

With respect to accountability and professionalism of the staff, the 

innovation of the existence of academic staff into a serious study. Sarason 

Thinking in Teaching as a Performance Art that teaching is a performance 

art(performanceart),involves the direct attachment, dramatic and arouse the 

students, not only with computer support. Sarason recommended that "teacher 

education professional talent harns attention more carefully". For the frontier; 

krutmen prospective teacher education needs through Election procedure 

involving audition. Furthermore, Sarason stated that: "it is impossible to create 

the conditions productive learning for students when it is not owned by a 

professional teacher. From thought Sarason entails an understanding that 

education reform also involves the education agency educational personnel. In 

                                                      
15 Sutan Makmur Muis, "National Competency Standards International Loaded", 

ManagementDevelopment,No. 21N11997, 35. 



  
 

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other writings: The Predictable Failure of Educational reform, Sarason state that 

educational change effort is not resolved separately between leadership, 

curriculum, teaching strategy and organization. If the reform of these elements 

is done separately, could be failure. 16 

Matters related to the above issues is the problem of recruitment  of 

teacher. Cooperation between Institutions of Personnel (LPTK) with the 

department of education needs to be fostered intense, to do with the possibility 

of changing the name of the course / subject or information needs of education 

. or increase in educational research. The corporation to anticipate gap or 

different perceptions between the disciplines required by the education 

authorities specification field output (graduates) LPTK. The vagueness and 

ambiguity will impact on the recruitment of academic staff that could eventually 

become a problem in the allocation of the energy required. 

On the other hand the government and education policy makers both 

high school or institutions thirst more concerned about the profession of 

education personnel. Because the future of the nation, one needs a touch of 

educators who are good and professional. They have obligations and deliver the 

nation to build a dignified nation high. Leadership of the government, especially 

in the field of education needs to reassess how much the role of educational 

institutions and professional educational staff education personnel. A concern 

on education personnel through increased welfare, career development and 

assurance through improved assistance for the improvement of facilities in 

educational institutions (schools, colleges). In the end will make the educational 

policy in favor of the interests of nation-building education understanding. 

In relation to the development of the nation, currently developing 

paradigm of education is oriented approach to improving human resources 

(HR). To be in tune with what is becoming a demand in the field of education 

                                                      
16 John A. Palmer, Thinkers Education (Yogyakarta: Window, 2003), 250-252. 



  
 

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is to improve the ability of intellectual, emotional and spiritual in an attempt to 

make an intelligent man, bereft of decency and self-hence the term 

improvement of human resources in educational contexts seems considered less 

appropriate. Due to the term implied that humans equaled with other resources 

(machines, capital) in the production unit. Associated with the use of the 

formulation of human resource development, Wahono said that man can not 

be equated with commodity items and are treated equal inmaximization. outputIf 

you use this approach, means calculating the educational benefits of the 

investment costs and the hash upahlgaji money received by learners when 

entering the world of works, the approach needs to be clarified in terms of the 

approach to education as "human engineering". 

Empowerment(empowerment)means that human being is autonomous, its 

potential can developed. Education and the system is oriented to human 

electivity with all its capabilities and potential.17 

Use of the term education is an effort to 'enhancement' of human 

resources, ultimately will lead to education as well as a tradable commodity. The 

next implication is the existence of capitalism education. Education will only 

lead to the goal of capitalist economy, education proverbial as factory workers. 

Capitalism education will lead to expensive school conditions, competition 

unhealthy educational institutions. Education has suffered erosion of its role, 

which can lead to decadence educational function. This would be contrary to 

what the vision of education, among others, that education is for the people. 

 

 

Conclusion 

A strategic approach to building the nation through education. The 

phenomenon lasted education gives an indication of unhealthy, education is not 

                                                      
17 Wahono, Capitalism Education, 90. 



  
 

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optimal development of human resulted aspired. In reality happens decadence 

educational function causing the education discourse is commodity, education 

towards the education of capitalism. Therefore, education reform efforts, 

namely the return of the function of education to the mission, as set forth in 

Law Rind. 20 2003. Reformation effort of education includes:  

1. the development of educational standards and monitoring and reporting of 

national achievements implemented a standardization bodies, assurance 

and quality control of education,  

2. educators has professional commitment to improving the quality of 

education. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  



  
 

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REFERENCES 

 

Agus Nggennanto. Quantum Quotient. Bandung: Nuansa Cendekia. 2002. 

Basis. Pendidikan Meningkatkan Ketidakadilan. Volume 07-08. 2002. 

Departemen Pendidikan Nasional UNY. Laporan Tahunan Rektor UNY pada 

Dies Natalis XXXVII. Yogyakarta: UNY. 2002. 

Djohar. Reformasi dan Masa Depan Pendidikan di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: IKIP 

Yogyakarta. 1999. 

Mochtar Buchori. Pendidikan Antisipatoris. Yogyakarta: Kanisius. 2001. 

Palmer. 50 Pemikir Pendidikan. Jogjakarta: Jendela. 2003. 

Sutan Makmur Muins. "Standar Kompetensi Nasional Bennuatan 

lntemasional", Manajemen Pembangunan. No. 21N1.1997.  

The Liang Gie. Pendidikan Ilmu Di Indonesia Sebuah Saran. Yogyakarta: 

Pubib. 1998. 

Tim Trans. Berita Mass Media. (Online) (www.nakertrans.go.idlberitamass 

media), diakses tanggal  28 Maret 2016. 

Undang Undang Republik lndonesia No. 20 tentang Sistem Pendidikan 

Nasional. Bandung: Citra Umbara. 

Wahono. Kapitalisme Pendidikan. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. 2001. 

 

 

 

 


