id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
elsr-31049	1	1	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	1	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	1	3	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	1	5	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	1	6	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	1	7	issn	issn	PROPN
elsr-31049	1	8	2690	2690	NUM
elsr-31049	1	9	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	1	10	3644	3644	NUM
elsr-31049	1	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	1	12	print	print	NOUN
elsr-31049	1	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	1	14	issn	issn	PROPN
elsr-31049	1	15	2690	2690	NUM
elsr-31049	1	16	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	1	17	3652	3652	NUM
elsr-31049	1	18	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	1	19	online	online	ADJ
elsr-31049	1	20	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	1	21	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	1	22	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	2	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	2	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	2	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	2	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	2	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	2	8	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	2	9	78	78	NUM
elsr-31049	2	10	original	original	ADJ
elsr-31049	2	11	paper	paper	NOUN
elsr-31049	2	12	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	2	13	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	2	14	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	2	15	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	2	16	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	2	17	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	2	18	affecting	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	2	19	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	2	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	2	21	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	2	22	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	2	23	lin	lin	PROPN
elsr-31049	2	24	xiaoyan1	xiaoyan1	PROPN
elsr-31049	3	1	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	3	2	school	school	NOUN
elsr-31049	3	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	3	4	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elsr-31049	3	5	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	3	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	3	7	nanjing	nanjing	PROPN
elsr-31049	3	8	university	university	PROPN
elsr-31049	3	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	3	10	posts	post	NOUN
elsr-31049	3	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	3	12	telecommunications	telecommunication	NOUN
elsr-31049	3	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	3	14	nanjing	nanjing	PROPN
elsr-31049	3	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	3	16	jiangsu	jiangsu	PROPN
elsr-31049	3	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	3	18	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	3	19	received	receive	VERB
elsr-31049	3	20	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	3	21	june	june	PROPN
elsr-31049	3	22	15	15	NUM
elsr-31049	3	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	3	24	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	3	25	accepted	accept	VERB
elsr-31049	3	26	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	3	27	july	july	PROPN
elsr-31049	3	28	8	8	NUM
elsr-31049	3	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	3	30	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	3	31	online	online	ADV
elsr-31049	3	32	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	3	33	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	3	34	july	july	PROPN
elsr-31049	3	35	25	25	NUM
elsr-31049	3	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	3	37	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	3	38	doi:10.22158	doi:10.22158	NOUN
elsr-31049	3	39	/	/	SYM
elsr-31049	3	40	elsr.v4n3p78	elsr.v4n3p78	NOUN
elsr-31049	3	41	url	url	NOUN
elsr-31049	3	42	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	3	43	http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elsr.v4n3p78	http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elsr.v4n3p78	PROPN
elsr-31049	3	44	abstract	abstract	ADJ
elsr-31049	3	45	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	3	46	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	3	47	integral	integral	ADJ
elsr-31049	3	48	components	component	NOUN
elsr-31049	3	49	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	3	50	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	3	51	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	3	52	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	4	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	4	2	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	4	4	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	4	5	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	6	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	4	7	classified	classify	VERB
elsr-31049	4	8	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	4	9	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	4	10	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	11	/p	/p	SYM
elsr-31049	4	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	4	13	t	t	PROPN
elsr-31049	4	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	4	15	k/	k/	PROPN
elsr-31049	4	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	4	17	/b	/b	SYM
elsr-31049	4	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	4	19	d	d	X
elsr-31049	4	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	4	21	g/.	g/.	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	22	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	4	23	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	4	24	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	25	onset	onset	VERB
elsr-31049	4	26	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	27	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	4	28	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	4	29	defined	define	VERB
elsr-31049	4	30	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	4	31	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	4	32	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	4	33	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	34	interval	interval	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	35	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	4	36	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	4	37	burst	burst	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	38	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	4	39	marks	mark	VERB
elsr-31049	4	40	release	release	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	41	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	4	42	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	4	43	stop	stop	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	44	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	45	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	4	46	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	4	47	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	48	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	4	49	quasi	quasi	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	50	-	-	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	51	periodicity	periodicity	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	52	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	4	53	reflects	reflect	VERB
elsr-31049	4	54	laryngeal	laryngeal	ADJ
elsr-31049	4	55	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	4	56	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	4	57	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	5	1	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	5	2	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	5	3	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	5	4	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	5	5	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	5	6	feature	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	5	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	5	8	analytic	analytic	ADJ
elsr-31049	5	9	parameter	parameter	NOUN
elsr-31049	5	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	5	11	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	5	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	6	1	referring	refer	VERB
elsr-31049	6	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	6	3	labov	labov	PROPN
elsr-31049	6	4	’s	’s	PART
elsr-31049	6	5	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	6	6	model	model	NOUN
elsr-31049	6	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	6	8	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-31049	6	9	variation	variation	NOUN
elsr-31049	6	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	6	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	6	12	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	6	13	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	6	14	investigates	investigate	VERB
elsr-31049	6	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	6	16	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	6	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	6	18	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	6	19	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	6	20	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	6	21	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	6	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	6	23	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	6	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	6	25	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	6	26	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	6	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	7	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	7	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	7	3	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	7	5	15	15	NUM
elsr-31049	7	6	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	7	7	words	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	8	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	7	9	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	10	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	7	11	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	7	12	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	7	13	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	14	/p	/p	SYM
elsr-31049	7	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	7	16	t	t	PROPN
elsr-31049	7	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	7	18	k/	k/	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	7	20	15	15	NUM
elsr-31049	7	21	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	22	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	7	23	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	7	24	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	7	25	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	26	/b	/b	SYM
elsr-31049	7	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	7	28	d	d	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	7	30	g/	g/	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	31	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	7	32	selected	select	VERB
elsr-31049	7	33	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	7	34	reading	read	VERB
elsr-31049	7	35	material	material	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	36	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	7	37	meanwhile	meanwhile	ADV
elsr-31049	7	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	7	39	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	7	40	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	41	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	7	42	randomly	randomly	ADV
elsr-31049	7	43	recruited	recruit	VERB
elsr-31049	7	44	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	7	45	read	read	VERB
elsr-31049	7	46	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	7	47	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	7	48	audio	audio	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	49	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	7	50	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	7	51	collected	collect	VERB
elsr-31049	7	52	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	8	1	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	8	2	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	8	3	found	find	VERB
elsr-31049	8	4	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	8	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	8	6	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	8	7	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	8	8	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	8	9	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	8	10	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	8	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	8	12	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	8	13	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	8	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	8	15	selected	select	VERB
elsr-31049	8	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	8	17	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	8	18	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	8	19	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	8	20	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	8	21	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	8	22	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	8	23	degrees	degree	NOUN
elsr-31049	8	24	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	8	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	8	26	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	8	27	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	8	28	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	8	29	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	8	30	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	8	31	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	8	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	9	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	9	2	specific	specific	ADJ
elsr-31049	9	3	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	9	4	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	9	5	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	9	6	follows	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	9	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	10	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	10	2	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	10	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	10	4	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	10	5	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	10	6	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	10	7	exists	exist	VERB
elsr-31049	10	8	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	10	9	males	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	10	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	10	11	females	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	10	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	10	13	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-31049	10	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	10	15	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	10	16	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	10	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	10	18	females	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	10	19	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	10	20	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	10	21	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	10	22	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	10	23	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	10	24	males	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	10	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	10	26	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	10	27	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	10	28	basically	basically	ADV
elsr-31049	10	29	consistent	consistent	ADJ
elsr-31049	10	30	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	10	31	previous	previous	ADJ
elsr-31049	10	32	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	10	33	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	10	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	11	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	11	2	underlying	underlying	ADJ
elsr-31049	11	3	reasons	reason	NOUN
elsr-31049	11	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	11	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	11	6	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	11	7	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	11	8	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	11	9	inferred	infer	VERB
elsr-31049	11	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	11	11	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	11	12	paper	paper	NOUN
elsr-31049	11	13	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	11	14	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	11	15	physiological	physiological	ADJ
elsr-31049	11	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	11	17	sociophonetical	sociophonetical	ADJ
elsr-31049	11	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	12	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	12	2	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	12	3	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	12	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	12	6	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	12	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	12	9	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	10	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	12	11	primarily	primarily	ADV
elsr-31049	12	12	influenced	influence	VERB
elsr-31049	12	13	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	12	14	southwest	southwest	ADJ
elsr-31049	12	15	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	12	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	12	17	min	min	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	18	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	12	20	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	12	21	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	12	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	12	23	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	12	24	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	12	26	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	12	27	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	28	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	12	29	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-31049	12	30	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	12	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	12	32	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	33	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	12	34	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	12	35	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	12	36	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	37	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	12	38	southwest	southwest	PROPN
elsr-31049	12	39	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	40	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	12	41	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	12	42	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	12	43	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	12	44	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	45	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	12	46	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	12	47	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	48	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	12	49	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-31049	12	50	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	12	51	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	12	52	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	53	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	12	54	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	12	55	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	12	56	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	57	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	12	58	min	min	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	59	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	12	60	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	13	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	13	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	13	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	13	4	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	13	5	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-31049	13	6	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	13	7	theoretically	theoretically	ADV
elsr-31049	13	8	provide	provide	VERB
elsr-31049	13	9	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	13	10	reference	reference	NOUN
elsr-31049	13	11	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	13	12	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	13	13	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	13	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	13	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	13	16	pedagogically	pedagogically	ADV
elsr-31049	13	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	13	18	provide	provide	VERB
elsr-31049	13	19	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	13	20	implications	implication	NOUN
elsr-31049	13	21	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	13	22	optimizations	optimization	NOUN
elsr-31049	13	23	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	13	24	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	13	25	curriculums	curriculum	NOUN
elsr-31049	13	26	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	13	27	university	university	NOUN
elsr-31049	13	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	14	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	2	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	14	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	14	4	english	english	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	5	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	14	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	14	7	vot	vot	X
elsr-31049	14	8	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	14	9	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	10	onset	onset	VERB
elsr-31049	14	11	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	12	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	14	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	14	14	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	14	15	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	14	17	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	18	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	14	20	praat	praat	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	14	22	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	14	24	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	14	25	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	26	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	14	27	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	14	29	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	30	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	14	31	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	32	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	33	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	14	34	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	15	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	15	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	15	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	15	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	15	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	15	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	15	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	15	8	79	79	NUM
elsr-31049	15	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	15	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	15	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	15	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	15	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	15	14	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	15	15	.	.	X
elsr-31049	16	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
elsr-31049	16	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	16	3	thesis	thesis	NOUN
elsr-31049	16	4	undertakes	undertake	VERB
elsr-31049	16	5	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	16	6	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	16	7	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	16	8	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	16	9	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	16	10	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	16	11	affecting	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	16	12	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	16	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	16	14	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	16	15	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	16	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	17	1	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	17	2	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	17	3	brief	brief	ADJ
elsr-31049	17	4	introduction	introduction	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	5	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	17	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	17	7	thesis	thesis	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	17	9	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	17	10	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	11	consists	consist	VERB
elsr-31049	17	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	17	13	four	four	NUM
elsr-31049	17	14	parts	part	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	15	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	17	16	background	background	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	17	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	17	19	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	17	21	significance	significance	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	17	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	17	24	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	17	26	objectives	objective	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	27	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	17	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	17	29	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	30	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	17	31	outline	outline	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	32	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	17	33	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	17	34	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	17	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	18	1	1.1	1.1	NUM
elsr-31049	18	2	background	background	NOUN
elsr-31049	18	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	18	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	18	5	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	18	6	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	18	7	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	18	8	first	first	ADV
elsr-31049	18	9	perceived	perceive	VERB
elsr-31049	18	10	through	through	ADP
elsr-31049	18	11	its	its	PRON
elsr-31049	18	12	sounds	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	18	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	19	1	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	19	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	19	3	structuralism	structuralism	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	4	viewpoints	viewpoint	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	19	6	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	7	consists	consist	VERB
elsr-31049	19	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	19	9	three	three	NUM
elsr-31049	19	10	parts	part	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	11	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	19	12	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	13	sound	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	19	15	grammar	grammar	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	19	17	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	19	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	19	20	which	which	DET
elsr-31049	19	21	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	22	sound	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	23	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	19	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	19	25	material	material	ADJ
elsr-31049	19	26	shell	shell	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	27	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	19	28	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	29	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	19	30	thus	thus	ADV
elsr-31049	19	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	19	32	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	33	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	19	34	sounds	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	35	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	19	36	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	19	37	great	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	19	38	significance	significance	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	39	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	19	40	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	41	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	19	42	especially	especially	ADV
elsr-31049	19	43	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	19	44	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	45	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	19	46	phonology	phonology	NOUN
elsr-31049	19	47	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	20	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	20	2	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	20	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	20	4	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	20	5	sounds	sound	VERB
elsr-31049	20	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	20	7	all	all	DET
elsr-31049	20	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	20	9	sounds	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	20	10	produced	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	20	11	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	20	12	humans	human	NOUN
elsr-31049	20	13	through	through	ADP
elsr-31049	20	14	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	20	15	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	20	16	organs	organ	NOUN
elsr-31049	20	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	20	18	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	20	19	defined	define	VERB
elsr-31049	20	20	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	20	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	20	22	phonic	phonic	NOUN
elsr-31049	20	23	medium	medium	NOUN
elsr-31049	20	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	20	25	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	20	26	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	20	27	taken	take	VERB
elsr-31049	20	28	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	20	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	20	30	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	20	31	objects	object	VERB
elsr-31049	20	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	21	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	21	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	21	3	ipa	ipa	PROPN
elsr-31049	21	4	chart	chart	NOUN
elsr-31049	21	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	21	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	21	7	sound	sound	ADJ
elsr-31049	21	8	segments	segment	NOUN
elsr-31049	21	9	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	21	10	grouped	group	VERB
elsr-31049	21	11	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	21	12	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	21	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	21	14	vowels	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	21	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	22	1	crystal	crystal	NOUN
elsr-31049	22	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	22	3	1997	1997	NUM
elsr-31049	22	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	22	5	described	describe	VERB
elsr-31049	22	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	22	7	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	22	8	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	22	9	produced	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	22	10	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	22	11	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	22	12	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	22	13	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	22	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	22	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	22	16	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	22	17	tract	tract	NOUN
elsr-31049	22	18	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	22	19	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	22	20	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	22	21	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
elsr-31049	22	22	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	22	23	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	22	24	so	so	ADV
elsr-31049	22	25	marked	mark	VERB
elsr-31049	22	26	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	22	27	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	22	28	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	22	29	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	22	30	escape	escape	VERB
elsr-31049	22	31	without	without	ADP
elsr-31049	22	32	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	22	33	audible	audible	ADJ
elsr-31049	22	34	friction	friction	NOUN
elsr-31049	22	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	22	36	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	23	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	23	2	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	23	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	23	4	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	23	5	sort	sort	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	23	7	consonant	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	23	9	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	23	10	formed	form	VERB
elsr-31049	23	11	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-31049	23	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	23	13	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	23	14	tract	tract	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	15	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	23	16	completely	completely	ADV
elsr-31049	23	17	closed	closed	ADJ
elsr-31049	23	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	23	19	occupying	occupy	VERB
elsr-31049	23	20	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	23	21	important	important	ADJ
elsr-31049	23	22	position	position	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	23	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	23	24	all	all	DET
elsr-31049	23	25	kinds	kind	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	26	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	23	27	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	28	because	because	SCONJ
elsr-31049	23	29	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	23	30	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	23	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	23	32	only	only	ADJ
elsr-31049	23	33	consonant	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	34	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	23	35	all	all	DET
elsr-31049	23	36	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	37	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	23	38	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	23	39	however	however	ADV
elsr-31049	23	40	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	23	41	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	23	42	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	23	43	great	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	23	44	distinctions	distinction	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	45	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	23	46	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	23	47	classifications	classification	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	48	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	23	49	phonological	phonological	ADJ
elsr-31049	23	50	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	51	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	23	52	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	53	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	23	54	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	23	55	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	56	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	23	57	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	23	58	hence	hence	ADV
elsr-31049	23	59	effective	effective	ADJ
elsr-31049	23	60	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	23	61	parameters	parameter	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	62	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	23	63	needed	need	VERB
elsr-31049	23	64	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	23	65	classify	classify	VERB
elsr-31049	23	66	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	23	67	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	24	1	lisker	lisker	PROPN
elsr-31049	24	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	24	3	abramson	abramson	PROPN
elsr-31049	24	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	24	5	1964	1964	NUM
elsr-31049	24	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	24	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	24	8	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	24	9	cross	cross	ADJ
elsr-31049	24	10	-	-	ADJ
elsr-31049	24	11	language	language	ADJ
elsr-31049	24	12	investigation	investigation	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	24	14	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	15	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	24	16	11	11	NUM
elsr-31049	24	17	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	24	19	defined	define	VERB
elsr-31049	24	20	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	21	onset	onset	VERB
elsr-31049	24	22	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	23	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	24	24	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	24	25	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	24	26	short	short	ADJ
elsr-31049	24	27	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	24	28	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	24	29	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	24	30	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	24	31	temporal	temporal	ADJ
elsr-31049	24	32	interval	interval	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	33	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	24	34	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	24	35	release	release	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	36	burst	burst	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	37	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	24	38	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	24	39	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	40	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	24	41	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	24	42	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	43	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	24	44	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	24	45	first	first	ADJ
elsr-31049	24	46	formant	formant	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	47	frequency	frequency	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	48	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	24	49	reflects	reflect	VERB
elsr-31049	24	50	glottal	glottal	ADJ
elsr-31049	24	51	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	24	52	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	24	53	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	25	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	25	2	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	25	3	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	25	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	25	5	all	all	DET
elsr-31049	25	6	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	25	7	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	25	8	classified	classify	VERB
elsr-31049	25	9	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	25	10	three	three	NUM
elsr-31049	25	11	groups	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	25	12	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	25	13	voiceless	voiceless	VERB
elsr-31049	25	14	aspirated	aspirated	ADJ
elsr-31049	25	15	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	25	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	25	17	voiceless	voiceless	VERB
elsr-31049	25	18	unaspirated	unaspirated	ADJ
elsr-31049	25	19	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	25	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	25	21	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	25	22	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	25	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	26	1	since	since	SCONJ
elsr-31049	26	2	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	26	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	26	4	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	26	5	has	have	AUX
elsr-31049	26	6	been	be	AUX
elsr-31049	26	7	widely	widely	ADV
elsr-31049	26	8	used	use	VERB
elsr-31049	26	9	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	26	10	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
elsr-31049	26	11	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	26	12	categories	category	NOUN
elsr-31049	26	13	across	across	ADP
elsr-31049	26	14	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	26	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	26	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	26	17	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	26	18	has	have	AUX
elsr-31049	26	19	come	come	VERB
elsr-31049	26	20	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	26	21	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	26	22	regarded	regard	VERB
elsr-31049	26	23	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	26	24	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	26	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	26	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	26	27	best	good	ADJ
elsr-31049	26	28	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	26	29	cues	cue	NOUN
elsr-31049	26	30	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	26	31	discriminating	discriminate	VERB
elsr-31049	26	32	general	general	ADJ
elsr-31049	26	33	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	26	34	categories	category	NOUN
elsr-31049	26	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	26	36	especially	especially	ADV
elsr-31049	26	37	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	26	38	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	26	39	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	26	40	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	26	41	position	position	NOUN
elsr-31049	26	42	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	27	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	27	2	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	27	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	27	4	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	27	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	27	6	rather	rather	ADV
elsr-31049	27	7	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	27	8	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	27	10	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	27	11	considered	consider	VERB
elsr-31049	27	12	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	27	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	27	14	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elsr-31049	27	15	features	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	27	17	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	27	18	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	19	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	27	20	phonologically	phonologically	ADV
elsr-31049	27	21	consist	consist	VERB
elsr-31049	27	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	27	23	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	27	24	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	25	/p	/p	SYM
elsr-31049	27	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	27	27	t	t	PROPN
elsr-31049	27	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	27	29	k/	k/	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	30	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	27	31	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	27	32	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	33	/b	/b	SYM
elsr-31049	27	34	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	27	35	d	d	AUX
elsr-31049	27	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	27	37	g/.	g/.	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	38	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	27	39	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	27	40	undoubtedly	undoubtedly	ADV
elsr-31049	27	41	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	27	42	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	27	43	concept	concept	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	44	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	27	45	measurement	measurement	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	46	benchmark	benchmark	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	47	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	27	48	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	27	49	foster	foster	VERB
elsr-31049	27	50	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	27	51	development	development	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	52	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	27	53	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	27	54	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	55	especially	especially	ADV
elsr-31049	27	56	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	57	test	test	NOUN
elsr-31049	27	58	thereinto	thereinto	ADP
elsr-31049	27	59	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	28	1	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	28	2	present	present	ADJ
elsr-31049	28	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	28	4	researchers	researcher	NOUN
elsr-31049	28	5	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	28	6	home	home	ADV
elsr-31049	28	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	28	8	abroad	abroad	ADV
elsr-31049	28	9	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	28	10	been	be	AUX
elsr-31049	28	11	committed	commit	VERB
elsr-31049	28	12	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	28	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	28	14	development	development	NOUN
elsr-31049	28	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	28	16	application	application	NOUN
elsr-31049	28	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	28	18	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	28	19	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	28	20	software	software	NOUN
elsr-31049	28	21	so	so	SCONJ
elsr-31049	28	22	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	28	23	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	28	24	visualize	visualize	VERB
elsr-31049	28	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	28	26	implicit	implicit	ADJ
elsr-31049	28	27	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
elsr-31049	28	28	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	28	29	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	28	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	29	1	among	among	ADP
elsr-31049	29	2	those	those	DET
elsr-31049	29	3	tools	tool	NOUN
elsr-31049	29	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	29	5	praat	praat	PROPN
elsr-31049	29	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	29	7	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	29	8	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	29	9	widely	widely	ADV
elsr-31049	29	10	employed	employ	VERB
elsr-31049	29	11	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	29	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	29	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	29	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	29	15	annotation	annotation	NOUN
elsr-31049	29	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	29	17	processing	processing	NOUN
elsr-31049	29	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	29	19	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
elsr-31049	29	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	29	21	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-31049	29	22	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	29	23	signals	signal	NOUN
elsr-31049	29	24	due	due	ADP
elsr-31049	29	25	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	29	26	its	its	PRON
elsr-31049	29	27	practicability	practicability	NOUN
elsr-31049	29	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	29	29	maneuverability	maneuverability	NOUN
elsr-31049	29	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	30	1	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	30	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	30	3	traditional	traditional	ADJ
elsr-31049	30	4	perspective	perspective	NOUN
elsr-31049	30	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	30	6	structuralism	structuralism	NOUN
elsr-31049	30	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	30	8	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	30	9	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	30	10	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	30	11	homogeneous	homogeneous	ADJ
elsr-31049	30	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	30	13	orderly	orderly	ADJ
elsr-31049	30	14	internal	internal	ADJ
elsr-31049	30	15	system	system	NOUN
elsr-31049	30	16	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	30	17	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	30	18	external	external	ADJ
elsr-31049	30	19	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	30	20	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	30	21	few	few	ADJ
elsr-31049	30	22	affects	affect	NOUN
elsr-31049	30	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	31	1	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	31	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	31	3	contrary	contrary	NOUN
elsr-31049	31	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	31	5	william	william	PROPN
elsr-31049	31	6	labov	labov	PROPN
elsr-31049	31	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	31	8	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	31	9	american	american	ADJ
elsr-31049	31	10	linguist	linguist	NOUN
elsr-31049	31	11	who	who	PRON
elsr-31049	31	12	has	have	AUX
elsr-31049	31	13	taken	take	VERB
elsr-31049	31	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	31	15	lead	lead	NOUN
elsr-31049	31	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	31	17	sociolinguistics	sociolinguistic	NOUN
elsr-31049	31	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	31	19	believes	believe	VERB
elsr-31049	31	20	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	31	21	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	31	22	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	31	23	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	31	24	heterogeneous	heterogeneous	ADJ
elsr-31049	31	25	system	system	NOUN
elsr-31049	31	26	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	31	27	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	31	28	produce	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	31	29	variation	variation	NOUN
elsr-31049	31	30	under	under	ADP
elsr-31049	31	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	31	32	influence	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	31	33	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	31	34	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	31	35	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	31	36	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	32	1	he	he	PRON
elsr-31049	32	2	drew	draw	VERB
elsr-31049	32	3	his	his	PRON
elsr-31049	32	4	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
elsr-31049	32	5	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	32	6	his	his	PRON
elsr-31049	32	7	four	four	NUM
elsr-31049	32	8	famous	famous	ADJ
elsr-31049	32	9	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	32	10	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	32	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	32	12	martha	martha	PROPN
elsr-31049	32	13	’s	’s	PROPN
elsr-31049	32	14	vineyard	vineyard	NOUN
elsr-31049	32	15	survey	survey	NOUN
elsr-31049	32	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	32	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	32	18	new	new	PROPN
elsr-31049	32	19	york	york	PROPN
elsr-31049	32	20	survey	survey	NOUN
elsr-31049	32	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	32	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	32	23	black	black	ADJ
elsr-31049	32	24	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	32	25	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	32	26	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	32	27	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	32	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	32	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	32	30	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
elsr-31049	32	31	survey	survey	NOUN
elsr-31049	32	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	33	1	according	accord	VERB
elsr-31049	33	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	33	3	labov	labov	PROPN
elsr-31049	33	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	33	5	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	33	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	33	7	society	society	NOUN
elsr-31049	33	8	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	33	9	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	33	10	independent	independent	ADJ
elsr-31049	33	11	entities	entity	NOUN
elsr-31049	33	12	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	33	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	33	14	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	33	15	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	33	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	33	17	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	33	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	33	19	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	33	20	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	33	21	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	33	22	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	34	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	34	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	34	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	34	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	34	8	80	80	NUM
elsr-31049	34	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	34	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	34	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	34	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	34	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	34	14	responsibilities	responsibility	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	15	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	34	16	sociolinguists	sociolinguist	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	17	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	34	18	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	34	19	connect	connect	VERB
elsr-31049	34	20	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-31049	34	21	facts	fact	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	22	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	23	phonology	phonology	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	25	lexicology	lexicology	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	27	syntax	syntax	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	28	...	...	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	29	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	30	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	34	31	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	34	32	facts	fact	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	33	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	34	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	34	35	class	class	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	37	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	39	age	age	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	40	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	41	occupation	occupation	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	42	…	…	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	43	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	34	44	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	34	45	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	34	46	probe	probe	VERB
elsr-31049	34	47	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	34	48	correlations	correlation	NOUN
elsr-31049	34	49	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	35	1	having	having	AUX
elsr-31049	35	2	realized	realize	VERB
elsr-31049	35	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	35	4	significance	significance	NOUN
elsr-31049	35	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	35	6	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	35	7	sound	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	35	8	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	35	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	35	10	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	35	11	linguists	linguist	NOUN
elsr-31049	35	12	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	35	13	done	do	VERB
elsr-31049	35	14	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	35	15	relevant	relevant	ADJ
elsr-31049	35	16	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	35	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	36	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	36	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	36	3	aspect	aspect	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	36	5	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	36	6	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	36	8	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	36	9	instance	instance	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	36	11	zheng	zheng	PROPN
elsr-31049	36	12	xianri	xianri	PROPN
elsr-31049	36	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	36	14	li	li	PROPN
elsr-31049	36	15	yinghao	yinghao	PROPN
elsr-31049	36	16	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	36	17	2007	2007	NUM
elsr-31049	36	18	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	36	19	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	36	20	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	36	21	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	22	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	36	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	36	24	comparison	comparison	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	36	26	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	27	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	36	28	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	36	29	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	36	30	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	36	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	36	32	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	36	33	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	34	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	36	35	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	36	36	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	37	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	36	38	han	han	PROPN
elsr-31049	36	39	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	40	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	36	41	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elsr-31049	36	42	jinyu	jinyu	PROPN
elsr-31049	36	43	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	36	44	2012	2012	NUM
elsr-31049	36	45	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	36	46	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	36	47	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	36	48	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	36	49	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	50	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	36	51	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	52	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	36	53	french	french	ADJ
elsr-31049	36	54	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	55	among	among	ADP
elsr-31049	36	56	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	36	57	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	58	who	who	PRON
elsr-31049	36	59	had	have	AUX
elsr-31049	36	60	acquired	acquire	VERB
elsr-31049	36	61	french	french	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	62	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	36	63	found	find	VERB
elsr-31049	36	64	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	36	65	influence	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	66	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	36	67	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	36	68	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-31049	36	69	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	36	70	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	36	71	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	37	1	however	however	ADV
elsr-31049	37	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	37	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	37	4	implications	implication	NOUN
elsr-31049	37	5	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	37	6	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	37	7	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	37	8	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	37	9	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	37	10	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	37	11	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	37	12	sounds	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	37	13	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	37	14	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	37	15	received	receive	VERB
elsr-31049	37	16	its	its	PRON
elsr-31049	37	17	deserved	deserved	ADJ
elsr-31049	37	18	attention	attention	NOUN
elsr-31049	37	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	38	1	hereby	hereby	ADV
elsr-31049	38	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	38	3	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	38	4	paper	paper	NOUN
elsr-31049	38	5	presents	present	VERB
elsr-31049	38	6	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	38	7	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
elsr-31049	38	8	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	38	9	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	38	10	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	38	11	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	38	12	connections	connection	NOUN
elsr-31049	38	13	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	38	14	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	38	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	38	16	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	38	17	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	38	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	38	19	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	38	20	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	38	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	38	22	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	38	23	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	38	24	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	38	25	statistically	statistically	ADV
elsr-31049	38	26	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
elsr-31049	38	27	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	38	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	38	29	following	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	38	30	chapters	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	38	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	39	1	1.2	1.2	NUM
elsr-31049	39	2	significance	significance	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	39	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	39	5	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	6	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	39	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	8	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	39	9	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	39	10	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-31049	39	11	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	39	12	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	13	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	39	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	39	15	basis	basis	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	39	17	interrelated	interrelated	ADJ
elsr-31049	39	18	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	39	19	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	39	20	theories	theory	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	39	22	presented	present	VERB
elsr-31049	39	23	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	39	24	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	25	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	39	27	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	39	28	fundamentally	fundamentally	ADV
elsr-31049	39	29	employs	employ	VERB
elsr-31049	39	30	theories	theory	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	39	32	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	33	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	39	34	sociolinguistics	sociolinguistic	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	35	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	39	36	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	39	37	analytical	analytical	ADJ
elsr-31049	39	38	technique	technique	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	39	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	39	40	parrt	parrt	NOUN
elsr-31049	39	41	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	40	1	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	40	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	40	3	significance	significance	NOUN
elsr-31049	40	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	40	5	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	40	6	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	40	7	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	40	8	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	40	9	stated	state	VERB
elsr-31049	40	10	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	40	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	40	12	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	40	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	40	14	practical	practical	ADJ
elsr-31049	40	15	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
elsr-31049	40	16	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	40	17	follows	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	40	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	41	1	firstly	firstly	ADV
elsr-31049	41	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	41	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	41	4	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	41	5	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	41	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	42	1	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	42	2	survey	survey	NOUN
elsr-31049	42	3	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	42	4	based	base	VERB
elsr-31049	42	5	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	42	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	42	7	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	42	8	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	42	9	model	model	NOUN
elsr-31049	42	10	proposed	propose	VERB
elsr-31049	42	11	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	42	12	lisker	lisker	NOUN
elsr-31049	42	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	42	14	abramson	abramson	PROPN
elsr-31049	42	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	42	16	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	42	17	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	42	18	promote	promote	VERB
elsr-31049	42	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	42	20	further	further	ADJ
elsr-31049	42	21	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	42	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	42	23	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	42	24	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	42	25	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	42	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	43	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	43	2	addition	addition	NOUN
elsr-31049	43	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	43	4	still	still	ADV
elsr-31049	43	5	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
elsr-31049	43	6	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	43	7	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	43	8	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	43	9	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	43	10	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	43	11	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	43	12	home	home	ADV
elsr-31049	43	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	43	14	abroad	abroad	ADV
elsr-31049	43	15	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	43	16	been	be	AUX
elsr-31049	43	17	shown	show	VERB
elsr-31049	43	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	43	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	43	20	hence	hence	ADV
elsr-31049	43	21	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	43	22	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	43	23	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	43	24	help	help	VERB
elsr-31049	43	25	bridge	bridge	VERB
elsr-31049	43	26	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	43	27	gap	gap	NOUN
elsr-31049	43	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	44	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
elsr-31049	44	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	44	3	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	44	4	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	44	5	few	few	ADJ
elsr-31049	44	6	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	44	7	combining	combine	VERB
elsr-31049	44	8	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	44	9	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	44	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	44	11	sociolinguistics	sociolinguistic	NOUN
elsr-31049	44	12	although	although	SCONJ
elsr-31049	44	13	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	44	14	both	both	PRON
elsr-31049	44	15	belong	belong	VERB
elsr-31049	44	16	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	44	17	field	field	NOUN
elsr-31049	44	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	44	19	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
elsr-31049	44	20	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-31049	44	21	thoroughly	thoroughly	ADV
elsr-31049	44	22	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	44	23	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	44	24	branches	branch	NOUN
elsr-31049	44	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	44	26	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	44	27	directions	direction	NOUN
elsr-31049	44	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	45	1	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	45	2	survey	survey	NOUN
elsr-31049	45	3	explores	explore	VERB
elsr-31049	45	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	45	5	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	45	6	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	45	7	influencing	influence	VERB
elsr-31049	45	8	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	45	9	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	45	10	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	45	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	45	12	reflecting	reflect	VERB
elsr-31049	45	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	45	14	innovation	innovation	NOUN
elsr-31049	45	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	45	16	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-31049	45	17	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	45	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	45	19	enriching	enrich	VERB
elsr-31049	45	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	45	21	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	45	22	vacancy	vacancy	NOUN
elsr-31049	45	23	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	45	24	phonological	phonological	ADJ
elsr-31049	45	25	sociality	sociality	NOUN
elsr-31049	45	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	46	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
elsr-31049	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	46	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	46	4	practical	practical	ADJ
elsr-31049	46	5	significance	significance	NOUN
elsr-31049	46	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	47	1	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	47	2	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	47	3	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-31049	47	4	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	47	5	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	47	6	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	47	7	sound	sound	ADJ
elsr-31049	47	8	segmenting	segment	VERB
elsr-31049	47	9	software	software	NOUN
elsr-31049	47	10	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	47	11	based	base	VERB
elsr-31049	47	12	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	47	13	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	47	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	47	15	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	47	16	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	47	17	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	47	18	extent	extent	NOUN
elsr-31049	47	19	reflects	reflect	VERB
elsr-31049	47	20	scientific	scientific	ADJ
elsr-31049	47	21	spirit	spirit	NOUN
elsr-31049	47	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	47	23	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	47	24	verification	verification	NOUN
elsr-31049	47	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	48	1	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	48	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	48	3	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	48	4	investigation	investigation	NOUN
elsr-31049	48	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	48	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	48	7	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
elsr-31049	48	8	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	48	9	method	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	48	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	48	11	sociolinguistics	sociolinguistic	NOUN
elsr-31049	48	12	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	48	13	included	include	VERB
elsr-31049	48	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	48	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	48	16	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	48	17	process	process	NOUN
elsr-31049	48	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	48	19	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	48	20	project	project	NOUN
elsr-31049	48	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	48	22	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	48	23	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	48	24	conducive	conducive	ADJ
elsr-31049	48	25	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	48	26	exploring	explore	VERB
elsr-31049	48	27	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	48	28	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	48	29	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	48	30	multiple	multiple	ADJ
elsr-31049	48	31	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	48	32	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	48	33	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	48	34	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	48	35	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	48	36	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	48	37	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	48	38	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	48	39	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	48	40	degrees	degree	NOUN
elsr-31049	48	41	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	49	1	what	what	PRON
elsr-31049	49	2	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	49	3	more	more	ADJ
elsr-31049	49	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	49	5	based	base	VERB
elsr-31049	49	6	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	49	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	49	8	overall	overall	ADJ
elsr-31049	49	9	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	10	situation	situation	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	49	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	49	13	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	14	investigates	investigate	VERB
elsr-31049	49	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	49	16	analyzes	analyze	VERB
elsr-31049	49	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	49	18	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	49	20	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	49	21	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	49	22	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	49	24	helping	helping	AUX
elsr-31049	49	25	put	put	VERB
elsr-31049	49	26	forward	forward	ADV
elsr-31049	49	27	correlative	correlative	ADJ
elsr-31049	49	28	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	49	30	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	49	31	example	example	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	49	33	improving	improve	VERB
elsr-31049	49	34	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
elsr-31049	49	35	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	36	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	49	37	teaching	teach	VERB
elsr-31049	49	38	techniques	technique	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	39	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	49	40	enhance	enhance	VERB
elsr-31049	49	41	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	49	42	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	49	43	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	44	levels	level	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	45	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	49	46	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	49	47	college	college	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	48	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	49	49	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	50	1	1.3	1.3	NUM
elsr-31049	50	2	objective	objective	NOUN
elsr-31049	50	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	50	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	50	5	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	50	6	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	50	7	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	50	8	macroscopic	macroscopic	ADJ
elsr-31049	50	9	sense	sense	NOUN
elsr-31049	50	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	50	11	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	50	12	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	50	13	mentioned	mention	VERB
elsr-31049	50	14	above	above	ADV
elsr-31049	50	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	50	16	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	50	17	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	50	18	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
elsr-31049	50	19	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	50	20	exploring	explore	VERB
elsr-31049	50	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	50	22	functions	function	NOUN
elsr-31049	50	23	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	50	24	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	50	25	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	50	26	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	50	27	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	50	28	sounds	sound	VERB
elsr-31049	50	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	50	30	especially	especially	ADV
elsr-31049	50	31	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	50	32	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	50	33	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	50	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	51	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
elsr-31049	51	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	51	3	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	51	4	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	51	5	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	51	6	required	require	VERB
elsr-31049	51	7	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	51	8	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	51	9	designed	design	VERB
elsr-31049	51	10	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	51	11	investigate	investigate	VERB
elsr-31049	51	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	51	13	degrees	degree	NOUN
elsr-31049	51	14	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	51	15	functioning	function	VERB
elsr-31049	51	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	51	17	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	51	18	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	51	19	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	51	20	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	51	21	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	51	22	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	51	23	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	51	24	thereinto	thereinto	X
elsr-31049	51	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	51	26	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	51	27	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	51	28	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	51	29	employed	employ	VERB
elsr-31049	51	30	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	51	31	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	51	32	essential	essential	ADJ
elsr-31049	51	33	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	51	34	parameter	parameter	NOUN
elsr-31049	51	35	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	51	36	accomplish	accomplish	VERB
elsr-31049	51	37	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-31049	51	38	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	51	39	objectiveness	objectiveness	NOUN
elsr-31049	51	40	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	51	41	measurement	measurement	NOUN
elsr-31049	51	42	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	52	1	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
elsr-31049	52	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	52	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	52	4	production	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	52	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	52	6	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	52	7	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	52	8	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	52	9	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	52	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	52	11	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	52	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	52	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	52	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	52	15	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	52	16	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	52	17	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	52	18	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
elsr-31049	52	19	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	52	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	52	21	presented	present	VERB
elsr-31049	52	22	paper	paper	NOUN
elsr-31049	52	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	53	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	53	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	53	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	53	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	53	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	53	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	53	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	53	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	53	9	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	54	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	54	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	54	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	54	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	54	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	54	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	54	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	54	8	81	81	NUM
elsr-31049	54	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	54	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	54	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	54	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	54	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	54	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	54	15	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	54	16	microscopic	microscopic	ADJ
elsr-31049	54	17	sense	sense	NOUN
elsr-31049	54	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	54	19	firstly	firstly	ADV
elsr-31049	54	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	54	21	consonant	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	54	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	54	23	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	54	24	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	54	25	secondary	secondary	ADJ
elsr-31049	54	26	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	54	27	vowel	vowel	VERB
elsr-31049	54	28	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-31049	54	29	bearing	bear	VERB
elsr-31049	54	30	more	more	ADJ
elsr-31049	54	31	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	54	32	important	important	ADJ
elsr-31049	54	33	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	54	34	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	54	35	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	54	36	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	54	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	54	38	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	54	39	lack	lack	NOUN
elsr-31049	54	40	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	54	41	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-31049	54	42	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	54	43	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	55	1	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	55	2	explore	explore	VERB
elsr-31049	55	3	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	55	4	sound	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	55	5	category	category	NOUN
elsr-31049	55	6	further	far	ADV
elsr-31049	55	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	55	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	55	9	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	55	10	aims	aim	VERB
elsr-31049	55	11	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	55	12	extract	extract	VERB
elsr-31049	55	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	55	14	compare	compare	VERB
elsr-31049	55	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	55	16	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	55	17	features	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	55	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	55	19	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	55	20	sort	sort	NOUN
elsr-31049	55	21	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	55	22	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	55	23	consonant	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	55	24	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-31049	55	25	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	55	26	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	55	27	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	55	28	people	people	NOUN
elsr-31049	55	29	under	under	ADP
elsr-31049	55	30	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	55	31	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	55	32	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	55	33	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	55	34	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	55	35	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	55	36	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	56	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
elsr-31049	56	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	56	3	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	56	4	aforementioned	aforementione	VERB
elsr-31049	56	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	56	6	sociolinguistics	sociolinguistic	NOUN
elsr-31049	56	7	connects	connect	VERB
elsr-31049	56	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	56	9	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-31049	56	10	facts	fact	NOUN
elsr-31049	56	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	56	12	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	56	13	facts	fact	NOUN
elsr-31049	56	14	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	56	15	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-31049	56	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	56	17	noteworthy	noteworthy	ADJ
elsr-31049	56	18	thing	thing	NOUN
elsr-31049	56	19	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	56	20	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	56	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	56	22	specific	specific	ADJ
elsr-31049	56	23	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	56	24	facts	fact	NOUN
elsr-31049	56	25	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	56	26	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	56	27	actually	actually	ADV
elsr-31049	56	28	function	function	VERB
elsr-31049	56	29	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	56	30	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-31049	56	31	facts	fact	NOUN
elsr-31049	56	32	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	56	33	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	56	34	corresponding	corresponding	ADJ
elsr-31049	56	35	functional	functional	ADJ
elsr-31049	56	36	ways	way	NOUN
elsr-31049	56	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	56	38	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	56	39	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	56	40	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	56	41	main	main	ADJ
elsr-31049	56	42	questions	question	NOUN
elsr-31049	56	43	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	56	44	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	56	45	aims	aim	VERB
elsr-31049	56	46	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	56	47	answer	answer	VERB
elsr-31049	56	48	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	57	1	1.4	1.4	NUM
elsr-31049	57	2	outline	outline	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	57	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	57	5	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	57	7	thesis	thesis	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	8	consists	consist	VERB
elsr-31049	57	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	57	10	five	five	NUM
elsr-31049	57	11	chapters	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	12	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	57	13	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	57	14	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	57	15	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
elsr-31049	57	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	57	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	57	19	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	57	20	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	21	influencing	influence	VERB
elsr-31049	57	22	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	23	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	57	24	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	57	25	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	26	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	57	27	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	57	28	basis	basis	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	29	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	57	30	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	31	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	32	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-31049	57	33	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	58	1	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	58	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	58	3	first	first	ADJ
elsr-31049	58	4	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	58	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	58	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	58	7	presented	present	VERB
elsr-31049	58	8	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	58	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	58	10	serves	serve	VERB
elsr-31049	58	11	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	58	12	brief	brief	ADJ
elsr-31049	58	13	introduction	introduction	NOUN
elsr-31049	58	14	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	58	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	58	16	whole	whole	ADJ
elsr-31049	58	17	thesis	thesis	NOUN
elsr-31049	58	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	59	1	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	59	2	2	2	NUM
elsr-31049	59	3	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	59	4	basically	basically	ADV
elsr-31049	59	5	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	59	6	literature	literature	NOUN
elsr-31049	59	7	review	review	NOUN
elsr-31049	59	8	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	59	9	basic	basic	ADJ
elsr-31049	59	10	concepts	concept	NOUN
elsr-31049	59	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	59	12	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	59	13	framework	framework	NOUN
elsr-31049	59	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	59	15	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-31049	59	16	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	59	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	59	18	summary	summary	NOUN
elsr-31049	59	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	60	1	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	60	2	put	put	VERB
elsr-31049	60	3	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	60	4	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	60	5	detail	detail	NOUN
elsr-31049	60	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	60	7	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	60	8	includes	include	VERB
elsr-31049	60	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	60	10	definition	definition	NOUN
elsr-31049	60	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	60	12	classification	classification	NOUN
elsr-31049	60	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	60	14	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	60	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	60	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	60	17	introduction	introduction	NOUN
elsr-31049	60	18	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	60	19	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	60	20	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	60	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	60	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	60	23	illustration	illustration	NOUN
elsr-31049	60	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	60	25	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	60	26	onset	onset	VERB
elsr-31049	60	27	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	60	28	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	60	29	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	60	30	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	60	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	60	32	labov	labov	PROPN
elsr-31049	60	33	’s	’s	PART
elsr-31049	60	34	theories	theory	NOUN
elsr-31049	60	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	61	1	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	61	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	61	3	existing	exist	VERB
elsr-31049	61	4	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	61	5	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	61	6	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	61	7	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
elsr-31049	61	8	as	as	ADV
elsr-31049	61	9	well	well	ADV
elsr-31049	61	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	62	1	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	62	2	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	62	3	describes	describe	VERB
elsr-31049	62	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	62	5	methodology	methodology	NOUN
elsr-31049	62	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	62	7	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	62	8	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	62	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	63	1	thereinto	thereinto	ADJ
elsr-31049	63	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	63	3	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	63	4	questions	question	NOUN
elsr-31049	63	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	63	6	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
elsr-31049	63	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	63	8	method	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	63	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	63	10	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	63	11	designs	design	NOUN
elsr-31049	63	12	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	63	13	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	63	14	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
elsr-31049	63	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	64	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
elsr-31049	64	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	64	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	64	4	designs	design	NOUN
elsr-31049	64	5	include	include	VERB
elsr-31049	64	6	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	64	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	64	8	materials	material	NOUN
elsr-31049	64	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	64	10	procedures	procedure	NOUN
elsr-31049	64	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	65	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	65	2	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	65	3	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	65	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	65	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	65	6	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	65	7	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	65	8	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	65	9	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	65	10	focused	focus	VERB
elsr-31049	65	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	66	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	66	2	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-31049	66	3	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	66	4	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	66	5	analyzed	analyze	VERB
elsr-31049	66	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	66	7	further	far	ADV
elsr-31049	66	8	discussed	discuss	VERB
elsr-31049	66	9	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	66	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	66	11	basis	basis	NOUN
elsr-31049	66	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	66	13	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	66	14	sets	set	NOUN
elsr-31049	66	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	66	16	variations	variation	NOUN
elsr-31049	66	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	66	18	namely	namely	ADV
elsr-31049	66	19	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	66	20	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	66	21	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	66	22	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	66	23	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	66	24	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	66	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	66	26	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	66	27	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	66	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	67	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	67	2	last	last	ADJ
elsr-31049	67	3	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	67	4	provides	provide	VERB
elsr-31049	67	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	67	6	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
elsr-31049	67	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	67	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	67	9	entire	entire	ADJ
elsr-31049	67	10	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	67	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	67	12	where	where	SCONJ
elsr-31049	67	13	major	major	ADJ
elsr-31049	67	14	findings	finding	NOUN
elsr-31049	67	15	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	67	16	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	67	17	presented	present	VERB
elsr-31049	67	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	68	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	68	2	limitations	limitation	NOUN
elsr-31049	68	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	68	4	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	68	5	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	68	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	68	7	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
elsr-31049	68	8	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	68	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	68	10	future	future	ADJ
elsr-31049	68	11	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	68	12	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	68	13	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	68	14	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	68	15	elaborated	elaborate	VERB
elsr-31049	68	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	69	1	2	2	X
elsr-31049	69	2	.	.	X
elsr-31049	69	3	literature	literature	NOUN
elsr-31049	69	4	review	review	NOUN
elsr-31049	69	5	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	69	6	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	69	7	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	69	8	firstly	firstly	ADV
elsr-31049	69	9	introduce	introduce	VERB
elsr-31049	69	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	69	11	basic	basic	ADJ
elsr-31049	69	12	concepts	concept	NOUN
elsr-31049	69	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	69	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	69	15	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	69	16	including	include	VERB
elsr-31049	69	17	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	69	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	69	19	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	69	20	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	69	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	70	1	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	70	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	70	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	70	4	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	70	5	frameworks	framework	NOUN
elsr-31049	70	6	adapted	adapt	VERB
elsr-31049	70	7	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	70	8	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	70	9	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	70	10	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	70	11	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	70	12	presented	present	VERB
elsr-31049	70	13	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	70	14	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	70	15	put	put	VERB
elsr-31049	70	16	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	70	17	specifically	specifically	ADV
elsr-31049	70	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	70	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	70	20	introduction	introduction	NOUN
elsr-31049	70	21	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	70	22	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	70	23	onset	onset	VERB
elsr-31049	70	24	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	70	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	70	26	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	70	27	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	70	28	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-31049	70	29	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	70	30	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	70	31	included	include	VERB
elsr-31049	70	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	71	1	lastly	lastly	ADV
elsr-31049	71	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	71	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	71	4	previous	previous	ADJ
elsr-31049	71	5	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-31049	71	6	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	71	7	concerning	concern	VERB
elsr-31049	71	8	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	71	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	71	10	both	both	CCONJ
elsr-31049	71	11	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	71	12	home	home	NOUN
elsr-31049	71	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	71	14	abroad	abroad	ADV
elsr-31049	71	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	71	16	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	71	17	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	71	18	reviewed	review	VERB
elsr-31049	71	19	as	as	ADV
elsr-31049	71	20	well	well	ADV
elsr-31049	71	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	72	1	2.1	2.1	NUM
elsr-31049	72	2	basic	basic	ADJ
elsr-31049	72	3	items	item	NOUN
elsr-31049	72	4	2.1.1	2.1.1	NUM
elsr-31049	72	5	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	72	6	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	72	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	72	8	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	72	9	sort	sort	NOUN
elsr-31049	72	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	72	11	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	72	12	formed	form	VERB
elsr-31049	72	13	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-31049	72	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	72	15	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	72	16	tract	tract	NOUN
elsr-31049	72	17	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	72	18	completely	completely	ADV
elsr-31049	72	19	closed	closed	ADJ
elsr-31049	72	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	72	21	play	play	VERB
elsr-31049	72	22	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	72	23	essential	essential	ADJ
elsr-31049	72	24	role	role	NOUN
elsr-31049	72	25	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	72	26	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	72	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	73	1	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	73	2	phoneticians	phonetician	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	3	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	73	4	pointed	point	VERB
elsr-31049	73	5	out	out	ADP
elsr-31049	73	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	73	7	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	73	8	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	9	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	73	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	73	11	only	only	ADJ
elsr-31049	73	12	kind	kind	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	73	14	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	15	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	73	16	occur	occur	VERB
elsr-31049	73	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	73	18	all	all	DET
elsr-31049	73	19	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	20	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	73	21	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	73	22	ladefoged	ladefoge	VERB
elsr-31049	73	23	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	73	24	maddieson	maddieson	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	73	26	1996	1996	NUM
elsr-31049	73	27	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	73	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	73	29	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	73	30	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	31	show	show	VERB
elsr-31049	73	32	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	73	33	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	34	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	73	35	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	36	best	well	ADV
elsr-31049	73	37	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	73	38	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	73	39	hence	hence	ADV
elsr-31049	73	40	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	73	41	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	42	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	73	43	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	44	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	73	45	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	73	46	great	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	73	47	significance	significance	NOUN
elsr-31049	73	48	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	74	1	2.1.1.1	2.1.1.1	NUM
elsr-31049	74	2	definitions	definition	NOUN
elsr-31049	74	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	74	4	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	74	5	plentiful	plentiful	ADJ
elsr-31049	74	6	definitions	definition	NOUN
elsr-31049	74	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	74	8	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	74	9	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	74	10	so	so	ADV
elsr-31049	74	11	far	far	ADV
elsr-31049	74	12	been	be	AUX
elsr-31049	74	13	given	give	VERB
elsr-31049	74	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	75	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	75	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	75	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	75	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	75	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	75	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	75	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	75	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	75	9	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	76	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	76	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	76	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	76	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	76	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	76	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	76	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	76	8	82	82	NUM
elsr-31049	76	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	76	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	76	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	76	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	76	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	76	14	sloat	sloat	PROPN
elsr-31049	76	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	76	16	taylor	taylor	PROPN
elsr-31049	76	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	76	18	hoard	hoard	NOUN
elsr-31049	76	19	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	76	20	1978	1978	NUM
elsr-31049	76	21	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	77	1	defined	define	VERB
elsr-31049	77	2	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	77	3	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	77	4	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	77	5	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	77	6	made	make	VERB
elsr-31049	77	7	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	77	8	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	77	9	complete	complete	ADJ
elsr-31049	77	10	blockage	blockage	NOUN
elsr-31049	77	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	77	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	77	13	airstream	airstream	NOUN
elsr-31049	77	14	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	77	15	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	77	16	points	point	NOUN
elsr-31049	77	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	77	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	77	19	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	77	20	tract	tract	NOUN
elsr-31049	77	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	78	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	78	2	blockage	blockage	NOUN
elsr-31049	78	3	does	do	AUX
elsr-31049	78	4	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	78	5	produce	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	78	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	78	7	sounds	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	78	8	alone	alone	ADV
elsr-31049	78	9	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	78	10	rather	rather	ADV
elsr-31049	78	11	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	78	12	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	78	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	78	14	formation	formation	NOUN
elsr-31049	78	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	78	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	78	17	release	release	NOUN
elsr-31049	78	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	78	19	blockage	blockage	NOUN
elsr-31049	78	20	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	78	21	produces	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	78	22	sounds	sound	VERB
elsr-31049	78	23	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	78	24	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	79	1	liu	liu	PROPN
elsr-31049	79	2	zhengyi	zhengyi	PROPN
elsr-31049	79	3	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	79	4	1990	1990	NUM
elsr-31049	79	5	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	79	6	described	describe	VERB
elsr-31049	79	7	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	79	8	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	79	9	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	79	10	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	79	11	formed	form	VERB
elsr-31049	79	12	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	79	13	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	79	14	complete	complete	ADJ
elsr-31049	79	15	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	79	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	79	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	79	18	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	79	19	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	79	20	passage	passage	NOUN
elsr-31049	79	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	79	22	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	79	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	79	24	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	79	25	abruptly	abruptly	ADV
elsr-31049	79	26	issuing	issue	VERB
elsr-31049	79	27	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	79	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	79	29	release	release	NOUN
elsr-31049	79	30	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	79	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	79	32	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	79	33	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	79	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	80	1	wang	wang	PROPN
elsr-31049	80	2	guizhen	guizhen	PROPN
elsr-31049	80	3	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	80	4	2002	2002	NUM
elsr-31049	80	5	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	80	6	indicated	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	80	7	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	80	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	80	9	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	80	10	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	80	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	80	12	sounds	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	80	13	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	80	14	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	80	15	made	make	VERB
elsr-31049	80	16	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	80	17	completely	completely	ADV
elsr-31049	80	18	hindering	hinder	VERB
elsr-31049	80	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	80	20	airflow	airflow	NOUN
elsr-31049	80	21	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	80	22	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	80	23	points	point	NOUN
elsr-31049	80	24	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	80	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	80	26	mouth	mouth	NOUN
elsr-31049	80	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	80	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	80	29	releasing	release	VERB
elsr-31049	80	30	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	80	31	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	80	32	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	80	33	sound	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	80	34	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	80	35	follows	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	80	36	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	81	1	gussenhoven	gussenhoven	NOUN
elsr-31049	81	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	81	3	jacobs	jacobs	PROPN
elsr-31049	81	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	81	5	2011	2011	NUM
elsr-31049	81	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	81	7	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	81	8	stated	state	VERB
elsr-31049	81	9	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	81	10	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	81	11	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	81	12	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	81	13	formed	form	VERB
elsr-31049	81	14	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	81	15	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	81	16	complete	complete	ADJ
elsr-31049	81	17	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	81	18	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	81	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	81	20	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	81	21	tract	tract	NOUN
elsr-31049	81	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	81	23	behind	behind	ADP
elsr-31049	81	24	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	81	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	81	26	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	81	27	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	81	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	81	29	lung	lung	NOUN
elsr-31049	81	30	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	81	31	compressed	compress	VERB
elsr-31049	81	32	until	until	SCONJ
elsr-31049	81	33	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	81	34	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	81	35	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	81	36	suddenly	suddenly	ADV
elsr-31049	81	37	released	release	VERB
elsr-31049	81	38	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	81	39	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	81	40	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	81	41	explodes	explode	VERB
elsr-31049	81	42	outwards	outward	NOUN
elsr-31049	81	43	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	81	44	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	82	1	as	as	ADV
elsr-31049	82	2	all	all	PRON
elsr-31049	82	3	shown	show	VERB
elsr-31049	82	4	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	82	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	82	6	aforementioned	aforementioned	ADJ
elsr-31049	82	7	definitions	definition	NOUN
elsr-31049	82	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	82	9	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-31049	82	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	82	11	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
elsr-31049	82	12	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	82	13	created	create	VERB
elsr-31049	82	14	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	82	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	82	16	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	82	17	organs	organ	NOUN
elsr-31049	82	18	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	82	19	total	total	ADJ
elsr-31049	82	20	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	82	21	complete	complete	ADJ
elsr-31049	82	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	82	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	82	24	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	82	25	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	82	26	produced	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	82	27	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	82	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	82	29	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
elsr-31049	82	30	audibly	audibly	ADV
elsr-31049	82	31	released	release	VERB
elsr-31049	82	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	82	33	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	82	34	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	82	35	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	82	36	passing	pass	VERB
elsr-31049	82	37	out	out	ADP
elsr-31049	82	38	again	again	ADV
elsr-31049	82	39	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	83	1	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	83	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	83	3	condition	condition	NOUN
elsr-31049	83	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	83	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	83	6	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	83	7	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	83	8	produced	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	83	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	84	1	2.1.1.2	2.1.1.2	NUM
elsr-31049	84	2	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	84	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	84	4	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	84	5	roach	roach	NOUN
elsr-31049	84	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	84	7	2000	2000	NUM
elsr-31049	84	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	84	9	indicated	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	84	10	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	84	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	84	12	general	general	ADJ
elsr-31049	84	13	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	84	14	process	process	NOUN
elsr-31049	84	15	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	84	16	follows	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	84	17	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	84	18	first	first	ADV
elsr-31049	84	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	84	20	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	84	21	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	84	22	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	84	23	articulations	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	84	24	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	84	25	moved	move	VERB
elsr-31049	84	26	again	again	ADV
elsr-31049	84	27	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	84	28	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	84	29	so	so	SCONJ
elsr-31049	84	30	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	84	31	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	84	32	form	form	VERB
elsr-31049	84	33	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	84	34	stricture	stricture	NOUN
elsr-31049	84	35	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	84	36	allows	allow	VERB
elsr-31049	84	37	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	84	38	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	84	39	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	84	40	escape	escape	VERB
elsr-31049	84	41	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	84	42	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	84	43	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	84	44	tract	tract	NOUN
elsr-31049	84	45	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	85	1	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	85	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	85	3	after	after	SCONJ
elsr-31049	85	4	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	85	5	stricture	stricture	NOUN
elsr-31049	85	6	has	have	AUX
elsr-31049	85	7	been	be	AUX
elsr-31049	85	8	formed	form	VERB
elsr-31049	85	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	85	10	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	85	11	has	have	AUX
elsr-31049	85	12	been	be	AUX
elsr-31049	85	13	compressed	compress	VERB
elsr-31049	85	14	behind	behind	ADP
elsr-31049	85	15	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	85	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	85	17	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	85	18	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	85	19	released	release	VERB
elsr-31049	85	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	85	21	that	that	ADV
elsr-31049	85	22	is	is	ADV
elsr-31049	85	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	85	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	85	25	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	85	26	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	85	27	allowed	allow	VERB
elsr-31049	85	28	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	85	29	escape	escape	VERB
elsr-31049	85	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	86	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	86	2	corresponding	corresponding	ADJ
elsr-31049	86	3	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	86	4	phases	phase	NOUN
elsr-31049	86	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	86	6	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	86	7	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	86	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	86	9	above	above	ADJ
elsr-31049	86	10	process	process	NOUN
elsr-31049	86	11	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	86	12	indicated	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	86	13	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	86	14	zhou	zhou	PROPN
elsr-31049	86	15	weijing	weije	VERB
elsr-31049	86	16	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	86	17	2018	2018	NUM
elsr-31049	86	18	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	86	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	87	1	these	these	DET
elsr-31049	87	2	phases	phase	NOUN
elsr-31049	87	3	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	87	4	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	87	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	87	6	hold	hold	VERB
elsr-31049	87	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	87	8	release	release	NOUN
elsr-31049	87	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	88	1	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	88	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	88	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	88	4	following	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	88	5	figure	figure	NOUN
elsr-31049	88	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	88	7	conducive	conducive	ADJ
elsr-31049	88	8	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	88	9	illustrating	illustrate	VERB
elsr-31049	88	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	88	11	whole	whole	ADJ
elsr-31049	88	12	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	88	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	88	14	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	88	15	comprising	comprise	VERB
elsr-31049	88	16	three	three	NUM
elsr-31049	88	17	phases	phase	NOUN
elsr-31049	88	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	89	1	figure	figure	VERB
elsr-31049	89	2	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	89	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	90	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	90	2	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	90	3	process	process	NOUN
elsr-31049	90	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	90	5	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	90	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	90	7	zhou	zhou	NOUN
elsr-31049	90	8	weijing	weijing	NOUN
elsr-31049	90	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	90	10	2018	2018	NUM
elsr-31049	90	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	90	12	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-31049	90	13	103	103	NUM
elsr-31049	90	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	90	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	90	16	first	first	ADJ
elsr-31049	90	17	phase	phase	NOUN
elsr-31049	90	18	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	90	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	90	20	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	90	21	phase	phase	NOUN
elsr-31049	90	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	90	23	during	during	ADP
elsr-31049	90	24	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	90	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	90	26	articulating	articulating	ADJ
elsr-31049	90	27	organs	organ	NOUN
elsr-31049	90	28	move	move	VERB
elsr-31049	90	29	together	together	ADV
elsr-31049	90	30	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	90	31	form	form	VERB
elsr-31049	90	32	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	90	33	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
elsr-31049	90	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	91	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	91	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	91	3	stage	stage	NOUN
elsr-31049	91	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	91	5	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	91	6	articulator	articulator	NOUN
elsr-31049	91	7	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	91	8	moved	move	VERB
elsr-31049	91	9	against	against	ADP
elsr-31049	91	10	another	another	PRON
elsr-31049	91	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	91	12	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	91	13	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	91	14	articulators	articulator	NOUN
elsr-31049	91	15	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	91	16	moved	move	VERB
elsr-31049	91	17	against	against	ADP
elsr-31049	91	18	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	91	19	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	91	20	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	91	21	form	form	VERB
elsr-31049	91	22	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	91	23	total	total	ADJ
elsr-31049	91	24	stricture	stricture	NOUN
elsr-31049	91	25	allowing	allow	VERB
elsr-31049	91	26	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	91	27	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	91	28	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	91	29	escape	escape	VERB
elsr-31049	91	30	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	91	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	91	32	oral	oral	ADJ
elsr-31049	91	33	tract	tract	NOUN
elsr-31049	91	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	92	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	92	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	92	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	92	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	92	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	92	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	92	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	92	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	92	9	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	93	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	93	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	93	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	93	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	93	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	93	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	93	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	93	8	83	83	NUM
elsr-31049	93	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	93	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	93	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	93	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	93	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	94	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	94	2	second	second	ADJ
elsr-31049	94	3	phase	phase	NOUN
elsr-31049	94	4	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	94	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	94	6	hold	hold	NOUN
elsr-31049	94	7	phase	phase	NOUN
elsr-31049	94	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	95	1	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	95	2	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	95	3	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	95	4	stage	stage	NOUN
elsr-31049	95	5	during	during	ADP
elsr-31049	95	6	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	95	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	95	8	lung	lung	NOUN
elsr-31049	95	9	actions	action	NOUN
elsr-31049	95	10	compress	compress	VERB
elsr-31049	95	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	95	12	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	95	13	behind	behind	ADP
elsr-31049	95	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	95	15	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	95	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	96	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	96	2	compressed	compressed	ADJ
elsr-31049	96	3	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	96	4	may	may	AUX
elsr-31049	96	5	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	96	6	may	may	AUX
elsr-31049	96	7	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	96	8	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	96	9	accompanied	accompany	VERB
elsr-31049	96	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	96	11	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	96	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	96	13	that	that	ADV
elsr-31049	96	14	is	is	ADV
elsr-31049	96	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	96	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	96	17	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	96	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	96	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	96	20	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	96	21	folds	fold	NOUN
elsr-31049	96	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	97	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	97	2	third	third	ADJ
elsr-31049	97	3	phase	phase	NOUN
elsr-31049	97	4	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	97	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	97	6	release	release	NOUN
elsr-31049	97	7	phase	phase	NOUN
elsr-31049	97	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	97	9	during	during	ADP
elsr-31049	97	10	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	97	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	97	12	organs	organ	NOUN
elsr-31049	97	13	forming	form	VERB
elsr-31049	97	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	97	15	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	97	16	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
elsr-31049	97	17	allow	allow	VERB
elsr-31049	97	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	97	19	compressed	compressed	ADJ
elsr-31049	97	20	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	97	21	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	97	22	abruptly	abruptly	ADV
elsr-31049	97	23	escape	escape	VERB
elsr-31049	97	24	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	98	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	98	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	98	3	stage	stage	NOUN
elsr-31049	98	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	98	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	98	6	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	98	7	escape	escape	NOUN
elsr-31049	98	8	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	98	9	produce	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	98	10	noise	noise	NOUN
elsr-31049	98	11	loud	loud	ADJ
elsr-31049	98	12	enough	enough	ADV
elsr-31049	98	13	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	98	14	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	98	15	heard	hear	VERB
elsr-31049	98	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	98	17	namely	namely	ADV
elsr-31049	98	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	98	19	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	98	20	explosion	explosion	NOUN
elsr-31049	98	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	98	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	98	23	hence	hence	ADV
elsr-31049	98	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	98	25	name	name	NOUN
elsr-31049	98	26	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	98	27	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	98	28	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	98	29	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	98	30	obtained	obtain	VERB
elsr-31049	98	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	99	1	2.1.2	2.1.2	NUM
elsr-31049	99	2	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	99	3	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	4	2.1.2.1	2.1.2.1	NUM
elsr-31049	99	5	classifications	classification	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	99	7	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	99	8	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	9	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	99	10	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	11	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	99	12	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	99	13	classified	classify	VERB
elsr-31049	99	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	99	15	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	99	16	ways	way	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	17	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	99	18	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	99	19	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	99	21	manner	manner	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	99	23	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	99	25	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	99	26	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	27	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	99	28	place	place	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	29	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	99	30	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	31	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	99	32	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
elsr-31049	99	33	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	99	34	although	although	SCONJ
elsr-31049	99	35	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	36	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	99	37	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	99	39	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	99	40	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	99	41	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	99	42	categorized	categorize	VERB
elsr-31049	99	43	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	99	44	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	99	45	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	99	46	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	47	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	99	48	owing	owe	VERB
elsr-31049	99	49	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	99	50	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	99	51	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	99	52	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
elsr-31049	99	53	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	100	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	100	2	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	100	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	100	4	manner	manner	NOUN
elsr-31049	100	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	100	6	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	100	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	100	8	all	all	DET
elsr-31049	100	9	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	100	10	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	100	11	belong	belong	VERB
elsr-31049	100	12	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	100	13	obstruents	obstruent	NOUN
elsr-31049	100	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	100	15	meaning	mean	VERB
elsr-31049	100	16	complete	complete	ADJ
elsr-31049	100	17	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	100	18	without	without	ADP
elsr-31049	100	19	airstream	airstream	PROPN
elsr-31049	100	20	escaping	escape	VERB
elsr-31049	100	21	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	100	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	100	23	mouth	mouth	NOUN
elsr-31049	100	24	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	100	25	cruttenden	cruttenden	ADJ
elsr-31049	100	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	100	27	2001	2001	NUM
elsr-31049	100	28	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	100	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	101	1	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-31049	101	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	101	3	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	101	4	respect	respect	NOUN
elsr-31049	101	5	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	101	6	place	place	NOUN
elsr-31049	101	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	101	8	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	101	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	101	10	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	101	11	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	101	12	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	101	13	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	101	14	divided	divide	VERB
elsr-31049	101	15	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	101	16	three	three	NUM
elsr-31049	101	17	parts	part	NOUN
elsr-31049	101	18	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	101	19	bilabial	bilabial	ADJ
elsr-31049	101	20	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	101	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	101	22	alveolar	alveolar	ADJ
elsr-31049	101	23	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	101	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	101	25	velar	velar	ADJ
elsr-31049	101	26	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	101	27	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	101	28	roach	roach	NOUN
elsr-31049	101	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	101	30	2000	2000	NUM
elsr-31049	101	31	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	101	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	102	1	thereinto	thereinto	ADJ
elsr-31049	102	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	102	3	/p/	/p/	NOUN
elsr-31049	102	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	102	5	/b/	/b/	X
elsr-31049	102	6	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	102	7	bilabial	bilabial	ADJ
elsr-31049	102	8	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	102	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	102	10	because	because	SCONJ
elsr-31049	102	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	102	12	lips	lip	NOUN
elsr-31049	102	13	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	102	14	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	102	15	pressed	press	VERB
elsr-31049	102	16	together	together	ADV
elsr-31049	102	17	while	while	SCONJ
elsr-31049	102	18	articulating	articulating	ADJ
elsr-31049	102	19	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	102	20	/t/	/t/	X
elsr-31049	102	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	102	22	/d/	/d/	PROPN
elsr-31049	102	23	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	102	24	alveolar	alveolar	ADJ
elsr-31049	102	25	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	102	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	102	27	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	102	28	account	account	NOUN
elsr-31049	102	29	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	102	30	during	during	ADP
elsr-31049	102	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	102	32	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	102	33	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	102	34	tongue	tongue	NOUN
elsr-31049	102	35	blade	blade	NOUN
elsr-31049	102	36	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	102	37	press	press	VERB
elsr-31049	102	38	against	against	ADP
elsr-31049	102	39	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	102	40	alveolar	alveolar	PROPN
elsr-31049	102	41	ridge	ridge	NOUN
elsr-31049	102	42	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	103	1	/k/	/k/	CCONJ
elsr-31049	103	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	103	3	/g/	/g/	NOUN
elsr-31049	103	4	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	103	5	velar	velar	ADJ
elsr-31049	103	6	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	103	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	103	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	103	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	103	10	back	back	NOUN
elsr-31049	103	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	103	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	103	13	tongue	tongue	NOUN
elsr-31049	103	14	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	103	15	press	press	VERB
elsr-31049	103	16	against	against	ADP
elsr-31049	103	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	103	18	position	position	NOUN
elsr-31049	103	19	where	where	SCONJ
elsr-31049	103	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	103	21	hard	hard	ADJ
elsr-31049	103	22	palate	palate	NOUN
elsr-31049	103	23	ends	end	NOUN
elsr-31049	103	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	103	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	103	26	soft	soft	ADJ
elsr-31049	103	27	palate	palate	NOUN
elsr-31049	103	28	begins	begin	VERB
elsr-31049	103	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	104	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	104	2	line	line	NOUN
elsr-31049	104	3	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	104	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	104	5	force	force	NOUN
elsr-31049	104	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	104	7	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	104	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	104	9	english	english	NOUN
elsr-31049	104	10	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	104	11	comprise	comprise	VERB
elsr-31049	104	12	fortis	fortis	NOUN
elsr-31049	104	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	104	14	lenis	lenis	PROPN
elsr-31049	104	15	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	104	16	cruttenden	cruttenden	ADJ
elsr-31049	104	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	104	18	2001	2001	NUM
elsr-31049	104	19	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	104	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	1	while	while	SCONJ
elsr-31049	105	2	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	105	3	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	105	4	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	105	5	pronounced	pronounce	VERB
elsr-31049	105	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	7	/p	/p	PRON
elsr-31049	105	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	9	t	t	PROPN
elsr-31049	105	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	11	k/	k/	NOUN
elsr-31049	105	12	tend	tend	VERB
elsr-31049	105	13	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	105	14	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	105	15	articulated	articulate	VERB
elsr-31049	105	16	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	105	17	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	105	18	muscular	muscular	ADJ
elsr-31049	105	19	energy	energy	NOUN
elsr-31049	105	20	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	105	21	/b	/b	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	23	d	d	NOUN
elsr-31049	105	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	25	g/	g/	NOUN
elsr-31049	105	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	27	so	so	ADV
elsr-31049	105	28	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	105	29	stronger	strong	ADJ
elsr-31049	105	30	breath	breath	NOUN
elsr-31049	105	31	effort	effort	NOUN
elsr-31049	105	32	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	33	thus	thus	ADV
elsr-31049	105	34	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	35	/p	/p	PRON
elsr-31049	105	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	37	t	t	PROPN
elsr-31049	105	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	39	k/	k/	PROPN
elsr-31049	105	40	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	105	41	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
elsr-31049	105	42	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	105	43	fortis	fortis	NOUN
elsr-31049	105	44	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	105	45	/b	/b	SYM
elsr-31049	105	46	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	47	d	d	NOUN
elsr-31049	105	48	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	105	49	g/	g/	NOUN
elsr-31049	105	50	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	105	51	lenis	lenis	PROPN
elsr-31049	105	52	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	106	1	according	accord	VERB
elsr-31049	106	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	106	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	106	4	work	work	NOUN
elsr-31049	106	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	106	6	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	106	7	folds	fold	NOUN
elsr-31049	106	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	106	9	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	106	10	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	106	11	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	106	12	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	106	13	classified	classify	VERB
elsr-31049	106	14	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	106	15	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	106	16	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	106	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	106	18	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	106	19	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	106	20	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	106	21	zhao	zhao	NOUN
elsr-31049	106	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	106	23	2007	2007	NUM
elsr-31049	106	24	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	106	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	107	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	107	2	former	former	ADJ
elsr-31049	107	3	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	107	4	/p	/p	SYM
elsr-31049	107	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	107	6	t	t	PROPN
elsr-31049	107	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	107	8	k/	k/	PROPN
elsr-31049	107	9	because	because	SCONJ
elsr-31049	107	10	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	107	11	accompanied	accompany	VERB
elsr-31049	107	12	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	107	13	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	107	14	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	107	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	107	16	larynx	larynx	NOUN
elsr-31049	107	17	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	107	18	/b	/b	PUNCT
elsr-31049	107	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	107	20	d	d	X
elsr-31049	107	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	107	22	g/	g/	NOUN
elsr-31049	107	23	belong	belong	VERB
elsr-31049	107	24	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	107	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	107	26	latter	latter	ADJ
elsr-31049	107	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	107	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	107	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	107	30	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	107	31	cords	cord	NOUN
elsr-31049	107	32	vibrate	vibrate	VERB
elsr-31049	107	33	while	while	SCONJ
elsr-31049	107	34	articulating	articulate	VERB
elsr-31049	107	35	these	these	DET
elsr-31049	107	36	three	three	NUM
elsr-31049	107	37	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	107	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	107	39	table	table	NOUN
elsr-31049	107	40	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	107	41	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	108	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	108	2	classification	classification	NOUN
elsr-31049	108	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	108	4	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	108	5	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	108	6	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	108	7	place	place	NOUN
elsr-31049	108	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	108	9	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	108	10	work	work	NOUN
elsr-31049	108	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	108	12	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	108	13	cords	cord	NOUN
elsr-31049	108	14	force	force	NOUN
elsr-31049	108	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	108	16	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	108	17	/p/	/p/	VERB
elsr-31049	108	18	bilabial	bilabial	ADJ
elsr-31049	108	19	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	108	20	fortis	fortis	NOUN
elsr-31049	108	21	/b/	/b/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	109	1	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	109	2	lenis	lenis	PROPN
elsr-31049	109	3	/t/	/t/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	109	4	alveolar	alveolar	ADJ
elsr-31049	109	5	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	109	6	fortis	fortis	NOUN
elsr-31049	109	7	/d/	/d/	PROPN
elsr-31049	109	8	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	109	9	lenis	lenis	NOUN
elsr-31049	109	10	/k/	/k/	INTJ
elsr-31049	109	11	velar	velar	PRON
elsr-31049	109	12	voiceless	voiceless	VERB
elsr-31049	109	13	fortis	fortis	NOUN
elsr-31049	109	14	/g/	/g/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	109	15	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	109	16	lenis	lenis	PROPN
elsr-31049	109	17	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	109	18	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	109	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	109	20	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	109	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	109	22	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	109	23	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	109	24	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	109	25	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	110	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	110	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	110	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	110	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	110	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	110	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	110	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	110	8	84	84	NUM
elsr-31049	110	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	110	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	110	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	110	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	110	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	111	1	2.1.2.2	2.1.2.2	NUM
elsr-31049	111	2	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	111	3	features	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	111	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	111	5	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	111	6	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	111	7	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	111	8	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	111	9	worth	worth	ADJ
elsr-31049	111	10	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
elsr-31049	111	11	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	111	12	voicing	voicing	NOUN
elsr-31049	111	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	111	14	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	111	15	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	111	16	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	111	17	essential	essential	ADJ
elsr-31049	111	18	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	111	19	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
elsr-31049	111	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	111	21	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	111	22	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	111	23	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	111	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	111	25	phonology	phonology	NOUN
elsr-31049	111	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	111	27	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	111	28	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	111	29	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	111	30	shown	show	VERB
elsr-31049	111	31	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	111	32	line	line	NOUN
elsr-31049	111	33	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	111	34	manners	manner	NOUN
elsr-31049	111	35	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	111	36	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	111	37	mentioned	mention	VERB
elsr-31049	111	38	above	above	ADV
elsr-31049	111	39	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	112	1	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	112	2	refers	refer	VERB
elsr-31049	112	3	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	112	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	112	5	articulatory	articulatory	NOUN
elsr-31049	112	6	process	process	NOUN
elsr-31049	112	7	during	during	ADP
elsr-31049	112	8	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	112	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	112	10	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	112	11	fold	fold	ADJ
elsr-31049	112	12	vibrates	vibrate	NOUN
elsr-31049	112	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	113	1	cruttenden	cruttenden	ADJ
elsr-31049	113	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	113	3	2001	2001	NUM
elsr-31049	113	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	113	5	stated	state	VERB
elsr-31049	113	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	113	7	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	113	8	...	...	PUNCT
elsr-31049	113	9	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	113	10	any	any	DET
elsr-31049	113	11	place	place	NOUN
elsr-31049	113	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	113	13	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	113	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	113	15	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	113	16	consonantal	consonantal	ADJ
elsr-31049	113	17	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	113	18	may	may	AUX
elsr-31049	113	19	involve	involve	VERB
elsr-31049	113	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	113	21	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	113	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	113	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	113	24	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	113	25	colds	cold	NOUN
elsr-31049	113	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	113	27	that	that	ADV
elsr-31049	113	28	is	is	ADV
elsr-31049	113	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	113	30	may	may	AUX
elsr-31049	113	31	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	113	32	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	113	33	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	113	34	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	113	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	114	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	114	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	114	3	situation	situation	NOUN
elsr-31049	114	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	114	5	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	114	6	comes	come	VERB
elsr-31049	114	7	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	114	8	being	be	AUX
elsr-31049	114	9	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	114	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	115	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	115	2	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	115	3	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	115	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	115	5	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	115	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	115	7	defined	define	VERB
elsr-31049	115	8	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	115	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	115	10	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elsr-31049	115	11	features	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	115	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	115	13	that	that	ADV
elsr-31049	115	14	is	is	ADV
elsr-31049	115	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	115	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	115	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	115	18	same	same	ADJ
elsr-31049	115	19	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	115	20	context	context	NOUN
elsr-31049	115	21	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	115	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	115	23	concrete	concrete	ADJ
elsr-31049	115	24	meaning	meaning	NOUN
elsr-31049	115	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	115	26	words	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	115	27	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	115	28	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	115	29	distinguished	distinguish	VERB
elsr-31049	115	30	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	115	31	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	115	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	116	2	instance	instance	NOUN
elsr-31049	116	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	4	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	116	5	minimal	minimal	ADJ
elsr-31049	116	6	pairs	pair	NOUN
elsr-31049	116	7	like	like	ADP
elsr-31049	116	8	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	9	big	big	ADJ
elsr-31049	116	10	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	116	12	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	13	pig	pig	NOUN
elsr-31049	116	14	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	16	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	17	tap	tap	NOUN
elsr-31049	116	18	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	116	20	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	21	gap	gap	NOUN
elsr-31049	116	22	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	116	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	116	25	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	116	26	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	116	27	/b/	/b/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	117	1	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	117	2	/t/	/t/	INTJ
elsr-31049	117	3	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	117	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	117	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	117	6	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	117	7	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	117	8	/p/	/p/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	117	9	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	117	10	/g/	/g/	X
elsr-31049	117	11	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	117	12	form	form	NOUN
elsr-31049	117	13	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	117	14	contrast	contrast	NOUN
elsr-31049	117	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	117	16	namely	namely	ADV
elsr-31049	117	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	117	18	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	117	19	only	only	ADV
elsr-31049	117	20	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
elsr-31049	117	21	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	117	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	117	23	voicing	voicing	NOUN
elsr-31049	117	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	117	25	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-31049	117	26	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	117	27	somehow	somehow	ADV
elsr-31049	117	28	show	show	VERB
elsr-31049	117	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	117	30	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	117	31	meaning	meaning	NOUN
elsr-31049	117	32	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	117	33	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	117	34	words	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	117	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	118	1	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	118	2	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	118	3	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	118	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	118	5	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	118	6	refers	refer	VERB
elsr-31049	118	7	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	118	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	118	9	strong	strong	ADJ
elsr-31049	118	10	burst	burst	NOUN
elsr-31049	118	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	118	12	airflow	airflow	NOUN
elsr-31049	118	13	accompanying	accompany	VERB
elsr-31049	118	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	118	15	release	release	NOUN
elsr-31049	118	16	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	118	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	118	18	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	118	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	118	20	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	118	21	obstruents	obstruent	NOUN
elsr-31049	118	22	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	118	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	118	24	case	case	NOUN
elsr-31049	118	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	118	26	preaspiration	preaspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	118	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	119	1	ladefoged	ladefoge	VERB
elsr-31049	119	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	119	3	johnson	johnson	PROPN
elsr-31049	119	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	119	5	2015	2015	NUM
elsr-31049	119	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	119	7	defined	define	VERB
elsr-31049	119	8	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	119	9	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	119	10	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	119	11	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	119	12	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	119	13	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	119	14	period	period	NOUN
elsr-31049	119	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	119	16	voicelessness	voicelessness	NOUN
elsr-31049	119	17	after	after	ADP
elsr-31049	119	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	119	19	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	119	20	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	119	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	119	22	before	before	ADP
elsr-31049	119	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	119	24	start	start	NOUN
elsr-31049	119	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	119	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	119	27	voicing	voicing	NOUN
elsr-31049	119	28	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	119	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	119	30	vowel	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	119	31	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	119	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	120	1	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	120	2	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	120	3	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	120	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	120	5	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elsr-31049	120	6	features	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	120	7	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	120	8	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	120	9	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	120	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	120	11	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	120	12	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	120	13	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	120	14	say	say	VERB
elsr-31049	120	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	120	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	120	17	meanings	meaning	NOUN
elsr-31049	120	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	120	19	words	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	120	20	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	120	21	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	120	22	change	change	VERB
elsr-31049	120	23	whether	whether	SCONJ
elsr-31049	120	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	120	25	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	120	26	aspirate	aspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	120	27	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	120	28	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	120	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	1	raise	raise	AUX
elsr-31049	121	2	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	3	speak	speak	VERB
elsr-31049	121	4	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	5	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	121	6	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	121	7	example	example	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	9	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	121	11	/p/	/p/	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	12	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	121	13	absent	absent	ADJ
elsr-31049	121	14	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-31049	121	15	pronouncing	pronounce	VERB
elsr-31049	121	16	because	because	SCONJ
elsr-31049	121	17	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	121	18	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	121	19	proceeded	proceed	VERB
elsr-31049	121	20	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	121	21	s	s	PRON
elsr-31049	121	22	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	121	23	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	121	24	stressed	stress	VERB
elsr-31049	121	25	syllable	syllable	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	26	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	27	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
elsr-31049	121	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	29	whether	whether	SCONJ
elsr-31049	121	30	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	121	31	/p/	/p/	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	32	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	121	33	aspirated	aspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	121	34	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	121	35	unaspirated	unaspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	121	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	37	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	121	38	meanings	meaning	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	39	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	121	40	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	121	41	original	original	ADJ
elsr-31049	121	42	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	43	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	121	44	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	121	45	change	change	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	46	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	47	because	because	SCONJ
elsr-31049	121	48	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	121	49	aspirated	aspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	121	50	[	[	X
elsr-31049	121	51	ph	ph	X
elsr-31049	121	52	]	]	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	53	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	121	54	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	121	55	unaspirated	unaspirated	ADJ
elsr-31049	121	56	[	[	X
elsr-31049	121	57	p	p	X
elsr-31049	121	58	]	]	X
elsr-31049	121	59	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	121	60	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
elsr-31049	121	61	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	121	62	allophones	allophone	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	63	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	64	namely	namely	ADV
elsr-31049	121	65	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	66	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	121	67	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	121	68	variants	variant	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	69	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	121	70	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	121	71	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	72	/p/.	/p/.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	121	73	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	121	74	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	121	75	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	121	76	belong	belong	VERB
elsr-31049	121	77	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	121	78	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	121	79	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	121	80	phonological	phonological	ADJ
elsr-31049	121	81	categories	category	NOUN
elsr-31049	121	82	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	122	1	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	122	2	aforementioned	aforementione	VERB
elsr-31049	122	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	122	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	122	5	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elsr-31049	122	6	feature	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	122	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	122	8	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	122	9	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	122	10	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	122	11	rather	rather	ADV
elsr-31049	122	12	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	122	13	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	122	14	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	122	15	nonetheless	nonetheless	ADV
elsr-31049	122	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	122	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	122	18	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	122	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	122	20	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	122	21	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	122	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	122	23	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
elsr-31049	122	24	feature	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	122	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	122	26	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	122	27	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	122	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	123	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
elsr-31049	123	2	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	123	3	framework	framework	NOUN
elsr-31049	123	4	2.2.1	2.2.1	NUM
elsr-31049	123	5	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	123	6	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	123	7	onset	onset	VERB
elsr-31049	123	8	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	123	9	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	123	10	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	123	11	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	123	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	123	13	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	123	14	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	123	15	temporal	temporal	ADJ
elsr-31049	123	16	feature	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	123	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	123	18	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	123	19	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	123	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	123	21	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	123	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	123	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	123	24	most	most	ADV
elsr-31049	123	25	commonly	commonly	ADV
elsr-31049	123	26	used	use	VERB
elsr-31049	123	27	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	123	28	cues	cue	NOUN
elsr-31049	123	29	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	123	30	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	123	31	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	123	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	124	1	lisker	lisker	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	124	3	abramson	abramson	PROPN
elsr-31049	124	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	124	5	1964	1964	NUM
elsr-31049	124	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	124	7	tested	test	VERB
elsr-31049	124	8	four	four	NUM
elsr-31049	124	9	american	american	ADJ
elsr-31049	124	10	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	124	11	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	12	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	124	13	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	124	14	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	124	15	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	124	17	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	124	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	124	19	article	article	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	20	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	124	21	cross	cross	ADJ
elsr-31049	124	22	-	-	ADJ
elsr-31049	124	23	language	language	ADJ
elsr-31049	124	24	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	124	26	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	124	27	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	124	28	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	124	29	stops	stop	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	30	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	124	31	acoustical	acoustical	ADJ
elsr-31049	124	32	measurements	measurement	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	33	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	124	34	describe	describe	VERB
elsr-31049	124	35	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	124	36	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	37	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	124	38	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	39	using	use	VERB
elsr-31049	124	40	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	124	41	concept	concept	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	42	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	124	43	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	44	onset	onset	VERB
elsr-31049	124	45	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	46	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	124	47	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	124	48	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	124	49	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	124	50	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	124	51	defined	define	VERB
elsr-31049	124	52	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	124	53	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	124	54	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	124	55	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	56	interval	interval	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	57	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	124	58	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	124	59	burst	burst	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	60	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	124	61	marks	mark	VERB
elsr-31049	124	62	release	release	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	63	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	124	64	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	124	65	stop	stop	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	66	closure	closure	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	67	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	124	68	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	124	69	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	70	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	124	71	quasiwww.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	quasiwww.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	ADJ
elsr-31049	124	72	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	73	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	124	74	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	75	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	124	76	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	77	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	78	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	124	79	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	125	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	125	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	125	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	125	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	125	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	125	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	125	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	125	8	85	85	NUM
elsr-31049	125	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	125	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	125	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	125	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	125	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	125	14	periodicity	periodicity	NOUN
elsr-31049	125	15	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	125	16	reflects	reflect	VERB
elsr-31049	125	17	laryngeal	laryngeal	ADJ
elsr-31049	125	18	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	125	19	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	125	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	126	1	since	since	SCONJ
elsr-31049	126	2	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	126	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	126	4	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	126	5	considerable	considerable	ADJ
elsr-31049	126	6	number	number	NOUN
elsr-31049	126	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	126	8	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	126	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	126	10	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	126	11	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	126	12	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	126	13	been	be	AUX
elsr-31049	126	14	undertaken	undertake	VERB
elsr-31049	126	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	126	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	126	17	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	126	18	has	have	AUX
elsr-31049	126	19	come	come	VERB
elsr-31049	126	20	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	126	21	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	126	22	considered	consider	VERB
elsr-31049	126	23	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	126	24	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	126	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	126	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	126	27	most	most	ADV
elsr-31049	126	28	important	important	ADJ
elsr-31049	126	29	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	126	30	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	126	31	examination	examination	NOUN
elsr-31049	126	32	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	126	33	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	126	34	voicing	voicing	NOUN
elsr-31049	126	35	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	126	36	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	126	37	especially	especially	ADV
elsr-31049	126	38	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	126	39	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	126	40	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	126	41	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	126	42	position	position	NOUN
elsr-31049	126	43	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	126	44	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	127	1	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	127	2	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	127	3	suggested	suggest	VERB
elsr-31049	127	4	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	127	5	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	127	6	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	127	7	category	category	NOUN
elsr-31049	127	8	falls	fall	VERB
elsr-31049	127	9	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	127	10	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	127	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	127	12	three	three	NUM
elsr-31049	127	13	ranges	range	NOUN
elsr-31049	127	14	respectively	respectively	ADV
elsr-31049	127	15	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	127	16	–	–	PUNCT
elsr-31049	127	17	125	125	NUM
elsr-31049	127	18	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	127	19	–	–	PUNCT
elsr-31049	127	20	75	75	NUM
elsr-31049	127	21	ms	ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	127	22	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	127	23	millisecond	millisecond	NOUN
elsr-31049	127	24	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	127	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	127	26	0	0	NUM
elsr-31049	127	27	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	127	28	+25	+25	ADJ
elsr-31049	127	29	ms	ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	127	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	127	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	127	32	+60	+60	NOUN
elsr-31049	127	33	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	127	34	+100	+100	X
elsr-31049	127	35	ms	ms	PROPN
elsr-31049	127	36	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	128	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	128	2	accordance	accordance	NOUN
elsr-31049	128	3	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	128	4	lisker	lisker	NOUN
elsr-31049	128	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	128	6	abramson	abramson	PROPN
elsr-31049	128	7	’s	’s	PART
elsr-31049	128	8	categorization	categorization	NOUN
elsr-31049	128	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	128	10	both	both	CCONJ
elsr-31049	128	11	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	128	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	128	13	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	128	14	fall	fall	VERB
elsr-31049	128	15	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	128	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	128	17	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	128	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	128	19	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	128	20	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	128	21	category	category	NOUN
elsr-31049	128	22	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	128	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	128	24	occupying	occupy	VERB
elsr-31049	128	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	128	26	same	same	ADJ
elsr-31049	128	27	range	range	NOUN
elsr-31049	128	28	along	along	ADP
elsr-31049	128	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	128	30	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	128	31	continuum	continuum	PROPN
elsr-31049	128	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	128	33	that	that	ADV
elsr-31049	128	34	is	is	ADV
elsr-31049	128	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	128	36	0	0	NUM
elsr-31049	128	37	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	128	38	+25	+25	VERB
elsr-31049	128	39	ms	ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	128	40	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	128	41	[	[	X
elsr-31049	128	42	p	p	X
elsr-31049	128	43	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	128	44	t	t	PROPN
elsr-31049	128	45	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	128	46	k	k	X
elsr-31049	128	47	]	]	X
elsr-31049	128	48	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	128	49	+60	+60	X
elsr-31049	128	50	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	128	51	+100	+100	X
elsr-31049	128	52	ms	ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	128	53	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	128	54	[	[	X
elsr-31049	128	55	ph	ph	VERB
elsr-31049	128	56	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	128	57	th	th	X
elsr-31049	128	58	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	128	59	kh	kh	PROPN
elsr-31049	128	60	]	]	X
elsr-31049	128	61	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	129	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	129	2	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	129	3	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	129	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	129	5	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	129	6	thus	thus	ADV
elsr-31049	129	7	becomes	become	VERB
elsr-31049	129	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	129	9	only	only	ADJ
elsr-31049	129	10	scale	scale	NOUN
elsr-31049	129	11	being	be	AUX
elsr-31049	129	12	able	able	ADJ
elsr-31049	129	13	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	129	14	achieve	achieve	VERB
elsr-31049	129	15	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	129	16	classifications	classification	NOUN
elsr-31049	129	17	according	accord	VERB
elsr-31049	129	18	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	129	19	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	129	20	contrast	contrast	NOUN
elsr-31049	129	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	130	1	afterwards	afterwards	ADV
elsr-31049	130	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	130	3	cho	cho	NOUN
elsr-31049	130	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	130	5	ladefoged	ladefoge	VERB
elsr-31049	130	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	130	7	1999	1999	NUM
elsr-31049	130	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	130	9	classified	classify	VERB
elsr-31049	130	10	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	130	11	specifically	specifically	ADV
elsr-31049	130	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	130	13	range	range	NOUN
elsr-31049	130	14	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	130	15	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	130	16	aspirated	aspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	130	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	130	18	unaspirated	unaspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	130	19	concentrating	concentrate	VERB
elsr-31049	130	20	particularly	particularly	ADV
elsr-31049	130	21	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	130	22	velar	velar	ADJ
elsr-31049	130	23	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	130	24	across	across	ADP
elsr-31049	130	25	18	18	NUM
elsr-31049	130	26	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	130	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	1	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	131	2	distinguished	distinguish	VERB
elsr-31049	131	3	four	four	NUM
elsr-31049	131	4	categories	category	NOUN
elsr-31049	131	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	6	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	131	7	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	131	8	dubbed	dub	VERB
elsr-31049	131	9	unaspirated	unaspirated	ADJ
elsr-31049	131	10	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	11	around	around	ADV
elsr-31049	131	12	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	131	13	ms	ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	131	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	16	slightly	slightly	ADV
elsr-31049	131	17	aspirated	aspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	131	18	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	19	around	around	ADV
elsr-31049	131	20	50	50	NUM
elsr-31049	131	21	ms	ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	131	22	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	24	aspirated	aspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	131	25	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	26	around	around	ADV
elsr-31049	131	27	90	90	NUM
elsr-31049	131	28	ms	ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	131	29	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	30	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	131	31	highly	highly	ADV
elsr-31049	131	32	aspirated	aspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	131	33	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	34	over	over	ADP
elsr-31049	131	35	90	90	NUM
elsr-31049	131	36	ms	ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	131	37	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	131	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	132	1	mackay	mackay	PROPN
elsr-31049	132	2	’s	’s	PART
elsr-31049	132	3	research	research	PROPN
elsr-31049	132	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	132	5	1984	1984	NUM
elsr-31049	132	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	132	7	showed	show	VERB
elsr-31049	132	8	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	132	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	132	10	vots	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	132	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	132	12	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	132	13	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	132	14	positive	positive	ADJ
elsr-31049	132	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	132	16	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-31049	132	17	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	132	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	133	1	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-31049	133	2	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	133	3	begins	begin	VERB
elsr-31049	133	4	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
elsr-31049	133	5	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	133	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	133	7	burst	burst	NOUN
elsr-31049	133	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	133	9	airflow	airflow	NOUN
elsr-31049	133	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	133	11	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	133	12	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	133	13	positive	positive	ADJ
elsr-31049	133	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	133	15	called	call	VERB
elsr-31049	133	16	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	133	17	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	133	18	lead	lead	NOUN
elsr-31049	133	19	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	133	20	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	133	21	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-31049	133	22	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	133	23	precedes	precede	VERB
elsr-31049	133	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	133	25	burst	burst	NOUN
elsr-31049	133	26	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	133	27	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	133	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	133	29	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	133	30	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	133	31	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-31049	133	32	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	133	33	called	call	VERB
elsr-31049	133	34	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	133	35	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	133	36	lag	lag	NOUN
elsr-31049	133	37	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	133	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	134	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	134	2	cases	case	NOUN
elsr-31049	134	3	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-31049	134	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	134	5	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	134	6	cooccur	cooccur	NOUN
elsr-31049	134	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	134	8	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	134	9	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	134	10	zero	zero	NUM
elsr-31049	134	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	1	keating	keating	NOUN
elsr-31049	135	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	3	1987	1987	NUM
elsr-31049	135	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	5	further	far	ADV
elsr-31049	135	6	divided	divide	VERB
elsr-31049	135	7	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	135	8	lag	lag	NOUN
elsr-31049	135	9	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	135	10	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	135	11	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	12	long	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	135	13	lag	lag	NOUN
elsr-31049	135	14	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	135	16	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	17	short	short	ADJ
elsr-31049	135	18	lag	lag	NOUN
elsr-31049	135	19	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	20	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	135	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	22	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	135	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	135	24	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	135	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	135	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	135	27	former	former	ADJ
elsr-31049	135	28	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	135	29	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	135	30	35	35	NUM
elsr-31049	135	31	ms	ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	135	32	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	135	33	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	135	34	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	135	35	latter	latter	ADJ
elsr-31049	135	36	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	135	37	20	20	NUM
elsr-31049	135	38	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	135	39	35	35	NUM
elsr-31049	135	40	ms	ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	135	41	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	42	thus	thus	ADV
elsr-31049	135	43	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	44	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	135	45	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	135	46	fall	fall	VERB
elsr-31049	135	47	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	135	48	three	three	NUM
elsr-31049	135	49	categories	category	NOUN
elsr-31049	135	50	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	51	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	135	52	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	53	voiceless	voiceless	VERB
elsr-31049	135	54	unaspirated	unaspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	135	55	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	135	56	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	135	57	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	135	58	aspirated	aspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	135	59	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	136	1	she	she	PRON
elsr-31049	136	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	136	3	1987	1987	NUM
elsr-31049	136	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	136	5	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	136	6	developed	develop	VERB
elsr-31049	136	7	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	136	9	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	136	10	polarization	polarization	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	11	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	136	12	indicating	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	136	13	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	136	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	136	15	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	136	16	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	136	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	136	19	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	20	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	21	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	136	22	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	136	23	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	24	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	136	25	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	136	26	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	136	27	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	136	28	ranges	range	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	136	30	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	136	31	achieve	achieve	VERB
elsr-31049	136	32	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	136	33	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	136	34	categories	category	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	35	whose	whose	DET
elsr-31049	136	36	manifestation	manifestation	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	37	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	136	38	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	136	39	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	40	central	central	ADJ
elsr-31049	136	41	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	42	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	136	43	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	136	44	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	136	45	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	136	46	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	136	47	separate	separate	ADJ
elsr-31049	136	48	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	136	49	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	136	50	else	else	ADV
elsr-31049	136	51	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	137	1	figure	figure	VERB
elsr-31049	137	2	2	2	NUM
elsr-31049	137	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	138	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	138	2	categories	category	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	138	4	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	138	6	keating	keating	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	138	8	1987	1987	NUM
elsr-31049	138	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	138	10	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	11	309	309	NUM
elsr-31049	138	12	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	138	13	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	138	14	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	138	16	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	138	18	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	19	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	20	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	21	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	138	22	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	138	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	138	24	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	138	25	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	26	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	138	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	138	28	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	138	29	86	86	NUM
elsr-31049	138	30	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	138	31	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	138	32	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	138	33	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	138	34	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	138	35	2.2.2	2.2.2	NUM
elsr-31049	138	36	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	37	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	38	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	39	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	138	40	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	41	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	138	42	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	43	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	138	44	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	138	45	originally	originally	ADV
elsr-31049	138	46	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	138	47	psychological	psychological	ADJ
elsr-31049	138	48	term	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	138	49	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	139	1	odlindefined	odlindefine	VERB
elsr-31049	139	2	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	139	3	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	139	4	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	139	5	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	139	6	sort	sort	NOUN
elsr-31049	139	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	139	8	influence	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	139	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	139	10	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	139	11	comes	come	VERB
elsr-31049	139	12	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	139	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	139	14	similarity	similarity	NOUN
elsr-31049	139	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	139	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	139	17	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	139	18	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	139	19	l1	l1	PROPN
elsr-31049	139	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	139	21	l2	l2	NOUN
elsr-31049	139	22	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	139	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	140	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	140	2	concept	concept	NOUN
elsr-31049	140	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	140	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	140	5	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	140	6	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	140	7	formally	formally	ADV
elsr-31049	140	8	proposed	propose	VERB
elsr-31049	140	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	140	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	140	11	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elsr-31049	140	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	140	13	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-31049	140	14	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	140	15	emerged	emerge	VERB
elsr-31049	140	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	140	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	140	18	1940s	1940	NOUN
elsr-31049	140	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	141	1	since	since	SCONJ
elsr-31049	141	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	141	3	1950s	1950	NOUN
elsr-31049	141	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	141	5	various	various	ADJ
elsr-31049	141	6	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
elsr-31049	141	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	141	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	141	9	concept	concept	NOUN
elsr-31049	141	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	141	11	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	141	12	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	141	13	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	141	14	indicated	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	141	15	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	141	16	many	many	ADJ
elsr-31049	141	17	famous	famous	ADJ
elsr-31049	141	18	scholars	scholar	NOUN
elsr-31049	141	19	such	such	ADJ
elsr-31049	141	20	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	141	21	lado	lado	PROPN
elsr-31049	141	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	141	23	stockwell	stockwell	PROPN
elsr-31049	141	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	141	25	schachter	schachter	NOUN
elsr-31049	141	26	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	141	27	ellis	ellis	PROPN
elsr-31049	141	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	142	1	generally	generally	ADV
elsr-31049	142	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	142	3	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	142	4	thought	think	VERB
elsr-31049	142	5	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	142	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	142	7	process	process	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	142	9	second	second	ADJ
elsr-31049	142	10	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	11	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	142	13	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	14	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-31049	142	15	habits	habit	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	142	17	using	use	VERB
elsr-31049	142	18	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	142	19	first	first	ADJ
elsr-31049	142	20	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	21	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	142	22	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	142	23	direct	direct	ADJ
elsr-31049	142	24	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	25	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	142	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	142	27	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	28	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	142	29	second	second	ADJ
elsr-31049	142	30	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	31	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	142	32	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	142	33	plays	play	VERB
elsr-31049	142	34	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	142	35	positive	positive	ADJ
elsr-31049	142	36	role	role	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	37	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	142	38	promotion	promotion	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	39	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	142	40	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-31049	142	41	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	142	42	interference	interference	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	43	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	142	44	those	those	PRON
elsr-31049	142	45	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	142	46	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	142	47	positive	positive	ADJ
elsr-31049	142	48	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	49	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	142	50	sla	sla	PROPN
elsr-31049	142	51	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	142	52	called	call	VERB
elsr-31049	142	53	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	142	54	positive	positive	ADJ
elsr-31049	142	55	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	56	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	142	57	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	142	58	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	142	59	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	142	60	counterpart	counterpart	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	61	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	142	62	called	call	VERB
elsr-31049	142	63	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	142	64	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-31049	142	65	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	142	66	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	142	67	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	143	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	143	2	instance	instance	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	143	4	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	143	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	143	6	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	143	7	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	143	8	distinct	distinct	ADJ
elsr-31049	143	9	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	143	10	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	143	11	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	143	12	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	143	13	matter	matter	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	143	15	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	143	17	semantics	semantic	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	18	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	143	19	sentence	sentence	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	20	patterns	pattern	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	143	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	143	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	143	24	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	143	25	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	26	whose	whose	DET
elsr-31049	143	27	first	first	ADJ
elsr-31049	143	28	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	29	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	143	30	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	143	31	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	143	32	presumably	presumably	ADV
elsr-31049	143	33	encounter	encounter	VERB
elsr-31049	143	34	various	various	ADJ
elsr-31049	143	35	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	143	37	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	143	38	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	143	39	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	143	40	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-31049	143	41	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	42	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	143	43	mother	mother	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	44	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	45	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	143	46	has	have	AUX
elsr-31049	143	47	interference	interference	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	48	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	143	49	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	143	50	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	143	51	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-31049	143	52	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	144	1	2.3	2.3	NUM
elsr-31049	144	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-31049	144	3	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	144	4	2.3.1	2.3.1	NUM
elsr-31049	144	5	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-31049	144	6	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	144	7	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	144	8	home	home	NOUN
elsr-31049	144	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	144	10	acoustical	acoustical	ADJ
elsr-31049	144	11	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	144	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	144	13	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	144	14	started	start	VERB
elsr-31049	144	15	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	144	16	abroad	abroad	ADV
elsr-31049	144	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	144	18	gradually	gradually	ADV
elsr-31049	144	19	arose	arise	VERB
elsr-31049	144	20	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	144	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	144	22	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	144	23	field	field	NOUN
elsr-31049	144	24	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	144	25	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	144	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	145	1	pertinent	pertinent	PROPN
elsr-31049	145	2	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	145	3	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	145	4	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	145	5	involves	involve	VERB
elsr-31049	145	6	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
elsr-31049	145	7	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	145	8	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	145	9	limited	limit	VERB
elsr-31049	145	10	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	145	11	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	145	12	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	145	13	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	145	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	145	15	multifield	multifield	PROPN
elsr-31049	145	16	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	145	17	such	such	ADJ
elsr-31049	145	18	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	145	19	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	145	20	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elsr-31049	145	21	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	145	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	145	23	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	145	24	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	145	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	145	26	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	145	27	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	145	28	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	145	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	146	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	146	2	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	146	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	146	4	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
elsr-31049	146	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elsr-31049	146	6	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	146	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	146	8	zheng	zheng	PROPN
elsr-31049	146	9	xianri	xianri	PROPN
elsr-31049	146	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	146	11	li	li	PROPN
elsr-31049	146	12	yinghao	yinghao	PROPN
elsr-31049	146	13	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	146	14	2007	2007	NUM
elsr-31049	146	15	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	146	16	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	146	17	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	146	18	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	146	19	comparing	compare	VERB
elsr-31049	146	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	146	21	vots	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	146	22	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	146	23	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	146	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	146	25	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	146	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	146	27	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	146	28	investigating	investigate	VERB
elsr-31049	146	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	146	30	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	146	31	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	146	32	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	146	33	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	146	34	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	146	35	han	han	PROPN
elsr-31049	146	36	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	146	37	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	147	1	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	147	2	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	147	3	found	find	VERB
elsr-31049	147	4	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	147	5	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	147	6	were	be	VERB
elsr-31049	147	7	presumably	presumably	ADV
elsr-31049	147	8	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	147	9	transfers	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	147	10	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	147	11	transfer	transfer	VERB
elsr-31049	147	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	147	13	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	147	14	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	147	15	patterns	pattern	NOUN
elsr-31049	147	16	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	147	17	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	147	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	147	19	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	147	20	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	147	21	during	during	ADP
elsr-31049	147	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	147	23	generation	generation	NOUN
elsr-31049	147	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	147	25	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	147	26	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	147	27	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	147	28	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	147	29	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	147	30	dissimilar	dissimilar	ADJ
elsr-31049	147	31	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	147	32	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	147	33	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	148	1	wu	wu	PROPN
elsr-31049	148	2	gang	gang	PROPN
elsr-31049	148	3	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	148	4	2012	2012	NUM
elsr-31049	148	5	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	148	6	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	148	7	experimentally	experimentally	ADV
elsr-31049	148	8	compared	compare	VERB
elsr-31049	148	9	vots	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	148	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	148	11	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	148	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	148	13	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	148	14	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	148	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	148	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	148	17	shed	shed	VERB
elsr-31049	148	18	light	light	NOUN
elsr-31049	148	19	upon	upon	SCONJ
elsr-31049	148	20	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	148	21	enlightenment	enlightenment	NOUN
elsr-31049	148	22	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	148	23	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	148	24	instructions	instruction	NOUN
elsr-31049	148	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	149	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	149	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	149	3	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	149	4	experiments	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	5	concerning	concern	VERB
elsr-31049	149	6	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	149	7	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	149	9	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elsr-31049	149	10	jinyu	jinyu	PROPN
elsr-31049	149	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	149	12	2012	2012	NUM
elsr-31049	149	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	149	14	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	149	15	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	149	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	149	18	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	149	19	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	20	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	149	21	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	149	22	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	23	who	who	PRON
elsr-31049	149	24	had	have	AUX
elsr-31049	149	25	learned	learn	VERB
elsr-31049	149	26	french	french	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	149	28	indicating	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	149	29	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	149	30	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	149	31	were	be	VERB
elsr-31049	149	32	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	149	33	errors	error	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	34	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	149	35	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	149	36	vots	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	37	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	149	38	excessively	excessively	ADV
elsr-31049	149	39	small	small	ADJ
elsr-31049	149	40	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	149	41	tend	tend	VERB
elsr-31049	149	42	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	149	43	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	149	44	affected	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	149	45	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	149	46	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	47	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-31049	149	48	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	49	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	149	50	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	149	51	unaspiration	unaspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	52	voiceless	voiceless	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	53	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	149	54	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	149	55	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	149	56	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	150	1	su	su	PROPN
elsr-31049	150	2	jiajia	jiajia	PROPN
elsr-31049	150	3	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	150	4	2012	2012	NUM
elsr-31049	150	5	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	150	6	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	150	7	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	150	8	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	150	9	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	150	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	150	11	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	150	12	variations	variation	NOUN
elsr-31049	150	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	150	14	korean	korean	ADJ
elsr-31049	150	15	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	150	16	based	base	VERB
elsr-31049	150	17	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	150	18	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	150	19	corpus	corpu	NOUN
elsr-31049	150	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	150	21	propounding	propound	VERB
elsr-31049	150	22	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
elsr-31049	150	23	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	150	24	korean	korean	ADJ
elsr-31049	150	25	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	150	26	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	150	27	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	150	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	151	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	151	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	151	3	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	151	4	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	151	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	151	6	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	151	7	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	151	8	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	151	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	151	10	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	151	11	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	151	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	151	13	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	151	14	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	151	15	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	151	16	wang	wang	PROPN
elsr-31049	151	17	maolin	maolin	PROPN
elsr-31049	151	18	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	151	19	2009	2009	NUM
elsr-31049	151	20	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	151	21	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	151	22	study	study	VERB
elsr-31049	151	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	151	24	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	151	25	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	151	26	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	151	27	middle	middle	ADJ
elsr-31049	151	28	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	151	29	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	151	30	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	151	31	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	151	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	152	1	dai	dai	PROPN
elsr-31049	152	2	zhengzheng	zhengzheng	PROPN
elsr-31049	152	3	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	152	4	2012	2012	NUM
elsr-31049	152	5	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	152	6	studied	study	VERB
elsr-31049	152	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	152	8	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	152	9	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	152	10	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	152	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	152	12	advanced	advanced	ADJ
elsr-31049	152	13	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	152	14	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	152	15	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	152	16	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	152	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	153	1	gao	gao	PROPN
elsr-31049	153	2	yujuan	yujuan	PROPN
elsr-31049	153	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	153	4	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elsr-31049	153	5	mengmeng	mengmeng	PROPN
elsr-31049	153	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	153	7	2018	2018	NUM
elsr-31049	153	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	153	9	carried	carry	VERB
elsr-31049	153	10	out	out	ADP
elsr-31049	153	11	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	153	12	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	153	13	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	153	14	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	153	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	153	16	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	153	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	153	18	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	153	19	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	153	20	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	153	21	native	native	ADJ
elsr-31049	153	22	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	153	23	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	153	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	153	25	verifying	verify	VERB
elsr-31049	153	26	flege	flege	NOUN
elsr-31049	153	27	’s	’s	PART
elsr-31049	153	28	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-31049	153	29	model	model	NOUN
elsr-31049	153	30	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-31049	153	31	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	153	32	similar	similar	ADJ
elsr-31049	153	33	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	153	34	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	153	35	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	153	36	difficult	difficult	ADJ
elsr-31049	153	37	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	153	38	acquire	acquire	VERB
elsr-31049	153	39	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	153	40	advanced	advanced	ADJ
elsr-31049	153	41	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	153	42	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	153	43	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	153	44	even	even	ADV
elsr-31049	153	45	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	153	46	fossilization	fossilization	NOUN
elsr-31049	153	47	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	153	48	appears	appear	VERB
elsr-31049	153	49	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	154	1	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	154	2	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	154	3	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	154	4	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	154	5	regarded	regard	VERB
elsr-31049	154	6	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	154	7	independent	independent	ADJ
elsr-31049	154	8	variables	variable	NOUN
elsr-31049	154	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	154	10	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	154	11	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	154	12	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	154	13	investigate	investigate	VERB
elsr-31049	154	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	154	15	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	154	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	154	17	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	154	18	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	154	19	among	among	ADP
elsr-31049	154	20	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	154	21	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	154	22	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	154	23	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	154	24	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	155	1	whereas	whereas	ADV
elsr-31049	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	155	3	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	155	4	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	155	5	found	find	VERB
elsr-31049	155	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	155	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	155	8	current	current	ADJ
elsr-31049	155	9	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	155	10	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	155	11	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	155	12	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	155	13	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	155	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	155	15	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	155	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	155	17	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	155	18	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	155	19	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	155	20	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	156	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	156	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	156	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	156	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	156	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	156	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	156	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	156	8	87	87	NUM
elsr-31049	156	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	156	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	156	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	156	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	156	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	156	14	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	156	15	affecting	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	156	16	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	156	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	156	18	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	156	19	primarily	primarily	ADV
elsr-31049	156	20	concentrate	concentrate	VERB
elsr-31049	156	21	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	156	22	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	156	23	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	156	24	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	156	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	156	26	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	156	27	bulk	bulk	NOUN
elsr-31049	156	28	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	156	29	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	156	30	discussing	discuss	VERB
elsr-31049	156	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	156	32	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	156	33	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	156	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	157	1	jiang	jiang	PROPN
elsr-31049	157	2	yuyu	yuyu	PROPN
elsr-31049	157	3	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	157	4	2015	2015	NUM
elsr-31049	157	5	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	157	6	took	take	VERB
elsr-31049	157	7	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	157	8	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	157	9	using	use	VERB
elsr-31049	157	10	wu	wu	PROPN
elsr-31049	157	11	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	157	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	157	13	jianghuai	jianghuai	PROPN
elsr-31049	157	14	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	157	15	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	157	16	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	157	17	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	157	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	157	19	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	157	20	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	157	21	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elsr-31049	157	22	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	157	23	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	157	24	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	157	25	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	157	26	vowels	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	157	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	157	28	revealing	reveal	VERB
elsr-31049	157	29	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	157	30	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	157	31	vots	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	157	32	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	157	33	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	157	34	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	157	35	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	157	36	stressed	stressed	ADJ
elsr-31049	157	37	syllables	syllable	NOUN
elsr-31049	157	38	produced	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	157	39	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	157	40	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	157	41	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	157	42	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	157	43	distinct	distinct	ADJ
elsr-31049	157	44	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	157	45	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	157	46	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	157	47	native	native	ADJ
elsr-31049	157	48	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	157	49	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	158	1	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	158	2	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	158	3	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	158	4	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	158	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	158	6	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	158	7	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	158	8	production	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	158	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	158	10	dalian	dalian	ADJ
elsr-31049	158	11	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	158	12	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	158	13	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	158	14	wei	wei	PROPN
elsr-31049	158	15	zhaozhao	zhaozhao	PROPN
elsr-31049	158	16	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	158	17	2018	2018	NUM
elsr-31049	158	18	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	158	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	158	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	158	21	found	find	VERB
elsr-31049	158	22	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	158	23	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
elsr-31049	158	24	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	158	25	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	158	26	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	158	27	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	158	28	native	native	ADJ
elsr-31049	158	29	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	158	30	existed	exist	VERB
elsr-31049	158	31	as	as	ADV
elsr-31049	158	32	well	well	ADV
elsr-31049	158	33	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	158	34	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	158	35	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	158	36	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	158	37	deviation	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	158	38	mainly	mainly	ADV
elsr-31049	158	39	affected	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	158	40	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	158	41	dialectical	dialectical	ADJ
elsr-31049	158	42	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-31049	158	43	transfers	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	158	44	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	159	1	zhao	zhao	PROPN
elsr-31049	159	2	chenyang	chenyang	PROPN
elsr-31049	159	3	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	159	4	2019	2019	NUM
elsr-31049	159	5	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	159	6	carried	carry	VERB
elsr-31049	159	7	out	out	ADP
elsr-31049	159	8	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	159	9	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	159	10	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	159	11	fricative	fricative	ADJ
elsr-31049	159	12	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	159	13	generated	generate	VERB
elsr-31049	159	14	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	159	15	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	159	16	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	159	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	159	18	harbin	harbin	PROPN
elsr-31049	159	19	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	159	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	159	21	similar	similar	ADJ
elsr-31049	159	22	purpose	purpose	NOUN
elsr-31049	159	23	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	159	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	159	25	above	above	ADJ
elsr-31049	159	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	160	1	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	160	2	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	160	3	noteworthy	noteworthy	ADJ
elsr-31049	160	4	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	160	5	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	160	6	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	160	7	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	160	8	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	160	9	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	160	10	such	such	ADJ
elsr-31049	160	11	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	160	12	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	160	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	160	14	age	age	NOUN
elsr-31049	160	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	160	16	university	university	NOUN
elsr-31049	160	17	major	major	NOUN
elsr-31049	160	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	160	19	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	160	20	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
elsr-31049	160	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	161	1	2.3.2	2.3.2	NUM
elsr-31049	161	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-31049	161	3	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	161	4	abroad	abroad	ADV
elsr-31049	161	5	compared	compare	VERB
elsr-31049	161	6	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	161	7	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elsr-31049	161	8	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	161	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	161	10	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elsr-31049	161	11	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	161	12	started	start	VERB
elsr-31049	161	13	earlier	early	ADV
elsr-31049	161	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	161	15	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	161	16	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	161	17	abundant	abundant	ADJ
elsr-31049	161	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	162	1	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	162	2	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	162	3	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	162	4	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	162	5	taken	take	VERB
elsr-31049	162	6	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	162	7	variables	variable	NOUN
elsr-31049	162	8	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	162	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	162	10	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	162	11	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	162	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	163	1	take	take	VERB
elsr-31049	163	2	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	163	3	factor	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	163	4	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	163	5	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	163	6	example	example	NOUN
elsr-31049	163	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	164	1	bradford	bradford	PROPN
elsr-31049	164	2	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-31049	164	3	swartz	swartz	PROPN
elsr-31049	164	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	164	5	1992	1992	NUM
elsr-31049	164	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	164	7	started	start	VERB
elsr-31049	164	8	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	164	9	survey	survey	VERB
elsr-31049	164	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	164	11	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	164	12	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	164	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	164	14	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	164	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	165	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	165	2	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	165	3	videoen	videoen	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	4	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	165	5	doscopic	doscopic	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	6	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	165	8	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	165	9	cooke	cooke	PROPN
elsr-31049	165	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	165	11	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	165	12	tendency	tendency	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	13	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	165	14	found	find	VERB
elsr-31049	165	15	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	165	16	for	for	SCONJ
elsr-31049	165	17	males	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	18	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	165	19	produce	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	165	20	voicing	voicing	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	21	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	22	sooner	soon	ADV
elsr-31049	165	23	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	165	24	females	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	165	26	indicating	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	165	27	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	165	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	165	29	distance	distance	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	30	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	165	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	165	32	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	165	33	processes	process	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	34	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	165	35	males	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	36	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	165	37	less	less	ADJ
elsr-31049	165	38	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	165	39	females	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	165	40	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	166	1	john	john	PROPN
elsr-31049	166	2	ryalls	ryall	VERB
elsr-31049	166	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	166	4	allison	allison	PROPN
elsr-31049	166	5	zipprer	zipprer	PROPN
elsr-31049	166	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	166	7	penelope	penelope	PROPN
elsr-31049	166	8	baldauff	baldauff	PROPN
elsr-31049	166	9	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	166	10	1997	1997	NUM
elsr-31049	166	11	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	166	12	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	166	13	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	166	14	investigation	investigation	NOUN
elsr-31049	166	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	166	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	166	17	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	166	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	166	19	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	166	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	166	21	race	race	NOUN
elsr-31049	166	22	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	166	23	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	166	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	166	25	finding	find	VERB
elsr-31049	166	26	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	166	27	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	166	28	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	166	29	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	166	30	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	166	31	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	166	32	female	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	166	33	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	166	34	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-31049	166	35	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	166	36	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	166	37	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	166	38	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	166	39	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	167	1	whiteside	whiteside	PROPN
elsr-31049	167	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	167	3	marshall	marshall	PROPN
elsr-31049	167	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	167	5	2001	2001	NUM
elsr-31049	167	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	167	7	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	167	8	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	167	9	article	article	NOUN
elsr-31049	167	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	167	11	phonetica	phonetica	PROPN
elsr-31049	167	12	discussing	discuss	VERB
elsr-31049	167	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	167	14	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	167	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	167	16	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	167	17	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	167	18	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	167	19	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	167	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	168	1	morris	morris	PROPN
elsr-31049	168	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	168	3	mecrea	mecrea	NOUN
elsr-31049	168	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	168	5	herring	herring	NOUN
elsr-31049	168	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	168	7	2008	2008	NUM
elsr-31049	168	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	168	9	studied	study	VERB
elsr-31049	168	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	168	11	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	168	12	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	168	13	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	168	14	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	168	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	168	16	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	168	17	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	168	18	isolated	isolated	ADJ
elsr-31049	168	19	syllables	syllable	NOUN
elsr-31049	168	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	168	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	168	22	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	168	23	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	168	24	findings	finding	NOUN
elsr-31049	168	25	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	168	26	journal	journal	NOUN
elsr-31049	168	27	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	168	28	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	168	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	169	1	robb	robb	PROPN
elsr-31049	169	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	169	3	gilbert	gilbert	PROPN
elsr-31049	169	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	169	5	lerman	lerman	NOUN
elsr-31049	169	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	169	7	2005	2005	NUM
elsr-31049	169	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	169	9	investigate	investigate	VERB
elsr-31049	169	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	169	11	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	169	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	169	13	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	169	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	169	15	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	169	16	environment	environment	NOUN
elsr-31049	169	17	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	169	18	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	169	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	170	1	eunjin	eunjin	NOUN
elsr-31049	170	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	170	3	2011	2011	NUM
elsr-31049	170	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	170	5	studied	study	VERB
elsr-31049	170	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	170	7	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	170	8	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	170	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	170	10	pause	pause	NOUN
elsr-31049	170	11	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	170	12	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	170	13	korean	korean	PROPN
elsr-31049	170	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	171	1	bradford	bradford	PROPN
elsr-31049	171	2	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-31049	171	3	swartz	swartz	PROPN
elsr-31049	171	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	171	5	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-31049	171	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	171	7	investigated	investigate	VERB
elsr-31049	171	8	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	171	9	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	171	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	171	11	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	171	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	171	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	171	14	so	so	ADV
elsr-31049	171	15	on	on	ADV
elsr-31049	171	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	172	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	172	2	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	172	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	172	4	age	age	NOUN
elsr-31049	172	5	factor	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	172	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	172	7	katrin	katrin	PROPN
elsr-31049	172	8	stolten	stolten	PROPN
elsr-31049	172	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	172	10	niclas	nicla	NOUN
elsr-31049	172	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	172	12	kenneth	kenneth	PROPN
elsr-31049	172	13	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	172	14	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-31049	172	15	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	172	16	studied	study	VERB
elsr-31049	172	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	172	18	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	172	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	172	20	ages	age	NOUN
elsr-31049	172	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	172	22	speaking	speak	VERB
elsr-31049	172	23	rates	rate	NOUN
elsr-31049	172	24	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	172	25	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	172	26	pauses	pause	NOUN
elsr-31049	172	27	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	172	28	l2	l2	NOUN
elsr-31049	172	29	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	172	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	173	1	judit	judit	PROPN
elsr-31049	173	2	bona	bona	PROPN
elsr-31049	173	3	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	173	4	2015	2015	NUM
elsr-31049	173	5	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	173	6	discussed	discuss	VERB
elsr-31049	173	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	173	8	correlations	correlation	NOUN
elsr-31049	173	9	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	173	10	age	age	NOUN
elsr-31049	173	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	173	12	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	173	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	174	1	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	174	2	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	174	3	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	174	4	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	174	5	few	few	ADJ
elsr-31049	174	6	relevant	relevant	ADJ
elsr-31049	174	7	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	174	8	concerning	concern	VERB
elsr-31049	174	9	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	174	10	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	174	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	175	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	175	2	instance	instance	NOUN
elsr-31049	175	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	175	4	el	el	PROPN
elsr-31049	175	5	zen	zen	PROPN
elsr-31049	175	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	175	7	2020	2020	NUM
elsr-31049	175	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	175	9	studied	study	VERB
elsr-31049	175	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	175	11	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	175	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	175	13	indonesians	indonesians	PROPN
elsr-31049	175	14	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	175	15	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	175	16	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	175	17	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	175	18	backgrounds	background	NOUN
elsr-31049	175	19	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	175	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	175	21	production	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	175	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	175	23	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	175	24	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	175	25	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	175	26	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	175	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	176	1	2.4	2.4	NUM
elsr-31049	176	2	summary	summary	NOUN
elsr-31049	176	3	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	176	4	summary	summary	NOUN
elsr-31049	176	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	176	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	176	7	acoustical	acoustical	ADJ
elsr-31049	176	8	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	176	9	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	176	10	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	176	11	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	176	12	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	176	13	plentiful	plentiful	ADJ
elsr-31049	176	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	177	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	177	2	domestic	domestic	ADJ
elsr-31049	177	3	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	177	4	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	177	5	involved	involve	VERB
elsr-31049	177	6	multiple	multiple	ADJ
elsr-31049	177	7	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	177	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	177	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	177	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	177	11	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	177	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	177	13	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	177	14	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	177	15	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	177	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	177	17	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	177	18	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	177	19	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	177	20	further	far	ADV
elsr-31049	177	21	studied	study	VERB
elsr-31049	177	22	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	177	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	177	24	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	177	25	abroad	abroad	ADV
elsr-31049	177	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	178	1	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
elsr-31049	178	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	178	3	although	although	SCONJ
elsr-31049	178	4	many	many	ADJ
elsr-31049	178	5	previous	previous	ADJ
elsr-31049	178	6	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	178	7	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	178	8	examined	examine	VERB
elsr-31049	178	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	178	10	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	178	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	178	12	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	178	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	178	14	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	178	15	influential	influential	ADJ
elsr-31049	178	16	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	178	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	178	18	few	few	ADJ
elsr-31049	178	19	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	178	20	focus	focus	VERB
elsr-31049	178	21	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	178	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	178	23	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	178	24	measurement	measurement	NOUN
elsr-31049	178	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	178	26	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	178	27	variations	variation	NOUN
elsr-31049	178	28	caused	cause	VERB
elsr-31049	178	29	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	178	30	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	178	31	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	178	32	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	178	33	such	such	ADJ
elsr-31049	178	34	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	178	35	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	178	36	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	178	37	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	178	38	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	178	39	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	178	40	majors	major	NOUN
elsr-31049	178	41	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	178	42	university	university	NOUN
elsr-31049	178	43	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	178	44	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	178	45	so	so	ADV
elsr-31049	178	46	on	on	ADV
elsr-31049	178	47	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	179	1	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	179	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	179	3	basis	basis	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	4	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	179	5	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	179	6	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	179	8	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	179	10	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	11	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	12	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	179	14	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	179	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	179	16	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	179	17	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	18	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	179	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	179	20	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	179	21	88	88	NUM
elsr-31049	179	22	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	179	23	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	179	24	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	179	25	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	179	26	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	179	27	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	179	28	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	29	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	179	30	home	home	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	179	32	abroad	abroad	ADV
elsr-31049	179	33	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	179	34	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	179	35	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	36	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	179	37	combine	combine	VERB
elsr-31049	179	38	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	179	39	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-31049	179	40	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	41	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	179	42	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	179	43	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	179	44	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	45	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	179	46	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	179	47	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	48	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	179	49	enrich	enrich	VERB
elsr-31049	179	50	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	179	51	existing	exist	VERB
elsr-31049	179	52	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	179	53	theoretically	theoretically	ADV
elsr-31049	179	54	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	179	55	practically	practically	ADV
elsr-31049	179	56	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	180	1	3	3	X
elsr-31049	180	2	.	.	X
elsr-31049	180	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
elsr-31049	180	4	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	180	5	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	180	6	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	180	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	180	8	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	180	9	methodology	methodology	NOUN
elsr-31049	180	10	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	180	11	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	180	12	addressed	address	VERB
elsr-31049	180	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	181	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
elsr-31049	181	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	181	3	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	181	4	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	181	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	181	6	instruments	instrument	NOUN
elsr-31049	181	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	181	8	materials	material	NOUN
elsr-31049	181	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	181	10	procedure	procedure	NOUN
elsr-31049	181	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	181	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	181	13	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	181	14	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	181	15	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	181	16	introduced	introduce	VERB
elsr-31049	181	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	182	1	3.1	3.1	NUM
elsr-31049	182	2	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	182	3	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	182	4	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	182	5	studies	study	VERB
elsr-31049	182	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	182	7	correlative	correlative	ADJ
elsr-31049	182	8	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	182	9	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	182	10	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	182	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	182	12	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	182	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	182	14	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	182	15	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	182	16	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	182	17	high	high	ADJ
elsr-31049	182	18	openness	openness	NOUN
elsr-31049	182	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	182	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	182	21	hence	hence	ADV
elsr-31049	182	22	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	182	23	specific	specific	ADJ
elsr-31049	182	24	limitations	limitation	NOUN
elsr-31049	182	25	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	182	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	182	27	conditions	condition	NOUN
elsr-31049	182	28	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	182	29	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	182	30	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	182	31	required	require	VERB
elsr-31049	182	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	183	1	after	after	ADP
elsr-31049	183	2	collection	collection	NOUN
elsr-31049	183	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	183	4	examination	examination	NOUN
elsr-31049	183	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	183	6	screening	screening	NOUN
elsr-31049	183	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	183	8	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	183	9	valid	valid	ADJ
elsr-31049	183	10	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	183	11	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	183	12	remained	remain	VERB
elsr-31049	183	13	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	183	14	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	183	15	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	183	16	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	183	17	say	say	VERB
elsr-31049	183	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	183	19	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	183	20	all	all	DET
elsr-31049	183	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	183	22	recruited	recruited	ADJ
elsr-31049	183	23	participants	participant	NOUN
elsr-31049	183	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	183	25	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	183	26	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	183	27	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	183	28	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	183	29	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	183	30	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	183	31	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	183	32	eligible	eligible	ADJ
elsr-31049	183	33	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	183	34	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	183	35	experiments	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	183	36	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	183	37	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	183	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	184	1	these	these	DET
elsr-31049	184	2	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	184	3	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	184	4	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	184	5	all	all	PRON
elsr-31049	184	6	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	184	7	efl	efl	PROPN
elsr-31049	184	8	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	184	9	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	184	10	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	184	11	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	184	12	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elsr-31049	184	13	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	184	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	184	15	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	184	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	184	17	whose	whose	DET
elsr-31049	184	18	times	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	184	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	184	20	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	184	21	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	184	22	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-31049	184	23	fall	fall	NOUN
elsr-31049	184	24	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	184	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	184	26	range	range	NOUN
elsr-31049	184	27	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	184	28	5	5	NUM
elsr-31049	184	29	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	184	30	20	20	NUM
elsr-31049	184	31	years	year	NOUN
elsr-31049	184	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	184	33	including	include	VERB
elsr-31049	184	34	15	15	NUM
elsr-31049	184	35	males	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	184	36	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	184	37	15	15	NUM
elsr-31049	184	38	females	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	184	39	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	185	1	generally	generally	ADV
elsr-31049	185	2	speaking	speak	VERB
elsr-31049	185	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	185	4	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	185	5	all	all	PRON
elsr-31049	185	6	come	come	VERB
elsr-31049	185	7	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	185	8	diverse	diverse	ADJ
elsr-31049	185	9	regions	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	185	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	185	11	mainland	mainland	NOUN
elsr-31049	185	12	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	185	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	185	14	master	master	NOUN
elsr-31049	185	15	distinct	distinct	ADJ
elsr-31049	185	16	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	185	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	185	18	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	185	19	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	185	20	economic	economic	ADJ
elsr-31049	185	21	backgrounds	background	NOUN
elsr-31049	185	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	185	23	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	185	24	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	185	25	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	185	26	accordance	accordance	NOUN
elsr-31049	185	27	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	185	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	185	29	randomness	randomness	NOUN
elsr-31049	185	30	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	185	31	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	185	32	survey	survey	NOUN
elsr-31049	185	33	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	186	1	what	what	PRON
elsr-31049	186	2	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	186	3	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	186	4	underscored	underscore	VERB
elsr-31049	186	5	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	186	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	186	7	efl	efl	PROPN
elsr-31049	186	8	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	186	9	whose	whose	DET
elsr-31049	186	10	major	major	ADJ
elsr-31049	186	11	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	186	12	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	186	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	186	14	college	college	NOUN
elsr-31049	186	15	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	186	16	university	university	NOUN
elsr-31049	186	17	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	186	18	excluded	exclude	VERB
elsr-31049	186	19	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	186	20	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	186	21	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	186	22	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	186	23	order	order	NOUN
elsr-31049	186	24	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	186	25	minimize	minimize	VERB
elsr-31049	186	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	186	27	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	186	28	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	186	29	pertinent	pertinent	ADJ
elsr-31049	186	30	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	186	31	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-31049	186	32	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	186	33	training	training	NOUN
elsr-31049	186	34	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	186	35	certify	certify	VERB
elsr-31049	186	36	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	186	37	veracity	veracity	NOUN
elsr-31049	186	38	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	186	39	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	186	40	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	187	1	3.2	3.2	NUM
elsr-31049	187	2	instruments	instrument	NOUN
elsr-31049	187	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	187	4	material	material	NOUN
elsr-31049	187	5	3.2.1	3.2.1	NUM
elsr-31049	187	6	analytic	analytic	ADJ
elsr-31049	187	7	instruments	instrument	NOUN
elsr-31049	187	8	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	187	9	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	187	10	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	187	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	187	12	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	187	13	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	187	14	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	187	15	adopted	adopt	VERB
elsr-31049	187	16	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	187	17	analyze	analyze	VERB
elsr-31049	187	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	187	19	production	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	187	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	187	21	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	187	22	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	187	23	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	187	24	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	187	25	efl	efl	PROPN
elsr-31049	187	26	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	187	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	188	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	188	2	implicit	implicit	ADJ
elsr-31049	188	3	features	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	188	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	188	5	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	188	6	sounds	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	188	7	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	188	8	difficult	difficult	ADJ
elsr-31049	188	9	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	188	10	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	188	11	revealed	reveal	VERB
elsr-31049	188	12	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	188	13	sole	sole	ADJ
elsr-31049	188	14	listening	listening	NOUN
elsr-31049	188	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	188	16	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-31049	188	17	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	188	18	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	188	19	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	188	20	represented	represent	VERB
elsr-31049	188	21	through	through	ADP
elsr-31049	188	22	visualization	visualization	NOUN
elsr-31049	188	23	technology	technology	NOUN
elsr-31049	188	24	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	189	1	praat	praat	NOUN
elsr-31049	189	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	189	3	named	name	VERB
elsr-31049	189	4	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	189	5	doing	do	VERB
elsr-31049	189	6	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	189	7	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	189	8	computer	computer	NOUN
elsr-31049	189	9	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	189	10	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	189	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	189	12	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	189	13	effective	effective	ADJ
elsr-31049	189	14	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	189	15	analytic	analytic	ADJ
elsr-31049	189	16	tool	tool	NOUN
elsr-31049	189	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	189	18	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	189	19	employed	employ	VERB
elsr-31049	189	20	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	189	21	extract	extract	VERB
elsr-31049	189	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	189	23	annotate	annotate	VERB
elsr-31049	189	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	189	25	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	189	26	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-31049	189	27	displayed	display	VERB
elsr-31049	189	28	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	189	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	189	30	spectrogram	spectrogram	NOUN
elsr-31049	189	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	189	32	waveform	waveform	NOUN
elsr-31049	189	33	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	189	34	sounds	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	189	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	190	1	compared	compare	VERB
elsr-31049	190	2	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	190	3	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	190	4	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	190	5	analytic	analytic	ADJ
elsr-31049	190	6	software	software	NOUN
elsr-31049	190	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	190	8	praat	praat	PROPN
elsr-31049	190	9	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	190	10	free	free	ADJ
elsr-31049	190	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	190	12	charge	charge	NOUN
elsr-31049	190	13	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	190	14	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	190	15	small	small	ADJ
elsr-31049	190	16	space	space	NOUN
elsr-31049	190	17	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	190	18	less	less	ADJ
elsr-31049	190	19	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	190	20	10	10	NUM
elsr-31049	190	21	m	m	NOUN
elsr-31049	190	22	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	190	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	190	24	strong	strong	ADJ
elsr-31049	190	25	universality	universality	NOUN
elsr-31049	190	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	190	27	easy	easy	ADJ
elsr-31049	190	28	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	190	29	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	190	30	timely	timely	ADJ
elsr-31049	190	31	update	update	NOUN
elsr-31049	190	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	191	1	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	191	2	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	191	3	mainly	mainly	ADV
elsr-31049	191	4	used	use	VERB
elsr-31049	191	5	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	191	6	phoneticians	phonetician	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	7	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	191	8	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	191	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	191	11	annotation	annotation	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	191	13	processing	processing	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	191	15	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	191	17	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-31049	191	18	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	19	signals	signal	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	191	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	191	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	191	23	generation	generation	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	191	25	various	various	ADJ
elsr-31049	191	26	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	27	graphs	graph	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	191	29	text	text	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	30	reports	report	NOUN
elsr-31049	191	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	192	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
elsr-31049	192	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	192	3	spss	spss	INTJ
elsr-31049	192	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	192	5	statistical	statistical	ADJ
elsr-31049	192	6	product	product	NOUN
elsr-31049	192	7	service	service	NOUN
elsr-31049	192	8	solutions	solution	NOUN
elsr-31049	192	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	192	10	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	192	11	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	192	12	employed	employ	VERB
elsr-31049	192	13	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	192	14	assist	assist	VERB
elsr-31049	192	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	192	16	processing	processing	NOUN
elsr-31049	192	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	192	18	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	192	19	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	192	20	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
elsr-31049	192	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	192	22	correlational	correlational	ADJ
elsr-31049	192	23	analyses	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	192	24	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	192	25	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	192	26	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	192	27	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
elsr-31049	192	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	192	29	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	192	30	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	192	31	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	192	32	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	192	33	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	192	34	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	192	35	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	192	36	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	192	37	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	192	38	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	192	39	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	193	1	3.2.2	3.2.2	NUM
elsr-31049	193	2	reading	reading	NOUN
elsr-31049	193	3	material	material	NOUN
elsr-31049	193	4	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	193	5	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	193	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	193	7	reading	reading	NOUN
elsr-31049	193	8	material	material	NOUN
elsr-31049	193	9	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	193	10	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	193	11	displayed	display	VERB
elsr-31049	193	12	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	193	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	193	14	following	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	193	15	table	table	NOUN
elsr-31049	193	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	193	17	regarding	regard	VERB
elsr-31049	193	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	193	19	feasibility	feasibility	NOUN
elsr-31049	193	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	193	21	monosyllable	monosyllable	ADJ
elsr-31049	193	22	words	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	193	23	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	193	24	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	193	25	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	193	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	193	27	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	193	28	position	position	NOUN
elsr-31049	193	29	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	193	30	chosen	choose	VERB
elsr-31049	193	31	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	193	32	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	193	33	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	193	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	194	1	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	194	2	needs	need	VERB
elsr-31049	194	3	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	194	4	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	194	5	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
elsr-31049	194	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	194	7	only	only	ADV
elsr-31049	194	8	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	9	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	194	10	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	194	11	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	12	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	194	13	studied	study	VERB
elsr-31049	194	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	194	15	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	194	16	survey	survey	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	17	due	due	ADP
elsr-31049	194	18	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	194	19	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	194	20	arguments	argument	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	21	contending	contend	VERB
elsr-31049	194	22	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	194	23	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	194	24	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	194	25	focuses	focus	VERB
elsr-31049	194	26	narrowly	narrowly	ADV
elsr-31049	194	27	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	194	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	194	29	timing	timing	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	30	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	194	31	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	194	32	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	194	33	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	34	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	194	35	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	194	36	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	37	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	194	38	does	do	AUX
elsr-31049	194	39	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	194	40	take	take	VERB
elsr-31049	194	41	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	194	42	account	account	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	43	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	44	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	194	45	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	46	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	194	47	final	final	ADJ
elsr-31049	194	48	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	194	49	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	50	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	194	51	medial	medial	ADJ
elsr-31049	194	52	positions	position	NOUN
elsr-31049	194	53	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	194	54	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	194	55	docherty	docherty	PROPN
elsr-31049	194	56	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	194	57	1992	1992	NUM
elsr-31049	194	58	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	194	59	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	195	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	195	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	195	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	195	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	195	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	195	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	195	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	195	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	195	9	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	196	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	196	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	196	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	196	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	196	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	196	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	196	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	196	8	89	89	NUM
elsr-31049	196	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	196	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	196	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	196	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	196	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	196	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	196	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	196	16	respect	respect	NOUN
elsr-31049	196	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	196	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	196	19	phonological	phonological	ADJ
elsr-31049	196	20	structure	structure	NOUN
elsr-31049	196	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	196	22	all	all	PRON
elsr-31049	196	23	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	196	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	196	25	elected	elect	VERB
elsr-31049	196	26	words	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	196	27	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	196	28	start	start	VERB
elsr-31049	196	29	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	196	30	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	196	31	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	196	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	196	33	keeping	keep	VERB
elsr-31049	196	34	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	196	35	vowel	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	196	36	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	196	37	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	196	38	nuclear	nuclear	NOUN
elsr-31049	196	39	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	196	40	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	196	41	consonant	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	196	42	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	196	43	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	196	44	coda	coda	NOUN
elsr-31049	196	45	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	197	2	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	3	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	197	4	respectively	respectively	ADV
elsr-31049	197	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	197	6	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	197	7	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	8	/p/	/p/	VERB
elsr-31049	197	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	10	/t/	/t/	PROPN
elsr-31049	197	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	12	/k/	/k/	PROPN
elsr-31049	197	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	197	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	197	15	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	197	16	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	17	/b/	/b/	INTJ
elsr-31049	197	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	19	/d/	/d/	PROPN
elsr-31049	197	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	21	/g/	/g/	X
elsr-31049	197	22	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	197	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	197	25	pure	pure	ADJ
elsr-31049	197	26	vowels	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	27	chosen	choose	VERB
elsr-31049	197	28	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	197	29	/i:/	/i:/	PROPN
elsr-31049	197	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	31	/æ/	/æ/	PROPN
elsr-31049	197	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	33	/ʌ/	/ʌ/	PROPN
elsr-31049	197	34	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	35	/ɔ:/	/ɔ:/	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	37	/ɑ:/	/ɑ:/	PROPN
elsr-31049	197	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	39	representing	represent	VERB
elsr-31049	197	40	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	197	41	front	front	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	42	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	43	middle	middle	ADJ
elsr-31049	197	44	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	197	45	back	back	ADJ
elsr-31049	197	46	vowels	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	47	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	197	48	several	several	ADJ
elsr-31049	197	49	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	50	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	197	51	accordance	accordance	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	52	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	197	53	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	197	54	place	place	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	55	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	197	56	articulation	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	57	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	197	58	vowels	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	59	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	60	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	197	61	perspective	perspective	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	62	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	197	63	vowel	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	64	classification	classification	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	65	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	197	66	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	197	67	order	order	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	68	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	197	69	preclude	preclude	VERB
elsr-31049	197	70	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	197	71	influence	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	72	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	197	73	vowel	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	74	environment	environment	NOUN
elsr-31049	197	75	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	198	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
elsr-31049	198	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	198	3	definite	definite	ADJ
elsr-31049	198	4	article	article	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	5	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	198	6	a	a	PRON
elsr-31049	198	7	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	198	8	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	198	9	placed	place	VERB
elsr-31049	198	10	before	before	ADP
elsr-31049	198	11	all	all	DET
elsr-31049	198	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	198	13	words	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	198	15	so	so	SCONJ
elsr-31049	198	16	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	198	17	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	198	18	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
elsr-31049	198	19	extra	extra	ADJ
elsr-31049	198	20	interference	interference	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	21	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	198	22	identifications	identification	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	23	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	198	24	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	25	like	like	ADP
elsr-31049	198	26	rapid	rapid	ADJ
elsr-31049	198	27	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	28	rate	rate	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	29	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	198	30	noise	noise	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	31	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	198	32	therefore	therefore	ADV
elsr-31049	198	33	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	198	34	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	198	35	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	198	36	a	a	PRON
elsr-31049	198	37	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	198	38	has	have	VERB
elsr-31049	198	39	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	198	40	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
elsr-31049	198	41	effect	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	42	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-31049	198	43	phonetically	phonetically	ADV
elsr-31049	198	44	separative	separative	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	45	function	function	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	46	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	198	47	namely	namely	ADV
elsr-31049	198	48	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	198	49	some	some	PRON
elsr-31049	198	50	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	198	51	these	these	DET
elsr-31049	198	52	phrases	phrase	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	53	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	198	54	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	198	55	semantic	semantic	ADJ
elsr-31049	198	56	meanings	meaning	NOUN
elsr-31049	198	57	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	199	1	table	table	NOUN
elsr-31049	199	2	2	2	NUM
elsr-31049	199	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	200	1	reading	read	VERB
elsr-31049	200	2	material	material	NOUN
elsr-31049	200	3	vp	vp	PROPN
elsr-31049	200	4	pp	pp	ADV
elsr-31049	200	5	/p/	/p/	VERB
elsr-31049	201	1	/t/	/t/	INTJ
elsr-31049	202	1	/k/	/k/	INTJ
elsr-31049	202	2	/b/	/b/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	203	1	/d/	/d/	NOUN
elsr-31049	204	1	/g/	/g/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	204	2	/i:/	/i:/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	205	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	205	2	peak	peak	NOUN
elsr-31049	205	3	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	205	4	team	team	NOUN
elsr-31049	205	5	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	205	6	key	key	NOUN
elsr-31049	205	7	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	205	8	beef	beef	NOUN
elsr-31049	205	9	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	205	10	deed	deed	NOUN
elsr-31049	205	11	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	205	12	geek	geek	NOUN
elsr-31049	205	13	/æ/	/æ/	PROPN
elsr-31049	206	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	206	2	pat	pat	NOUN
elsr-31049	206	3	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	206	4	tap	tap	NOUN
elsr-31049	206	5	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	206	6	cat	cat	NOUN
elsr-31049	206	7	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	206	8	bat	bat	NOUN
elsr-31049	206	9	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	206	10	dad	dad	NOUN
elsr-31049	206	11	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	206	12	gap	gap	NOUN
elsr-31049	206	13	/ʌ/	/ʌ/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	207	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	207	2	pub	pub	NOUN
elsr-31049	207	3	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	207	4	tub	tub	NOUN
elsr-31049	207	5	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	207	6	cup	cup	NOUN
elsr-31049	207	7	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	207	8	bug	bug	NOUN
elsr-31049	207	9	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	207	10	duck	duck	NOUN
elsr-31049	207	11	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	207	12	gut	gut	NOUN
elsr-31049	207	13	/ɔ:/	/ɔ:/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	208	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	208	2	port	port	NOUN
elsr-31049	208	3	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	208	4	torch	torch	NOUN
elsr-31049	208	5	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	208	6	call	call	NOUN
elsr-31049	208	7	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	208	8	ball	ball	NOUN
elsr-31049	208	9	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	208	10	door	door	NOUN
elsr-31049	208	11	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	208	12	gorse	gorse	NOUN
elsr-31049	208	13	/ɑ:/	/ɑ:/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	209	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	209	2	park	park	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	3	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	209	4	tar	tar	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	5	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	209	6	car	car	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	7	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	209	8	bar	bar	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	9	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	209	10	dark	dark	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	11	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	209	12	garb	garb	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	13	vp	vp	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	14	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	209	15	vowel	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	16	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	17	pp	pp	ADV
elsr-31049	209	18	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	209	19	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	209	20	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	21	3.2.3	3.2.3	NUM
elsr-31049	209	22	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	23	since	since	SCONJ
elsr-31049	209	24	this	this	PRON
elsr-31049	209	25	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	209	26	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	209	27	survey	survey	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	28	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	209	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	209	30	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	209	31	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	209	32	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	209	33	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	210	1	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	210	2	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	210	3	sampling	sample	VERB
elsr-31049	210	4	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	210	5	solely	solely	ADV
elsr-31049	210	6	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	210	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	210	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	210	9	integral	integral	ADJ
elsr-31049	210	10	steps	step	NOUN
elsr-31049	210	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	210	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	210	13	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	210	14	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	210	15	critical	critical	ADJ
elsr-31049	210	16	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	210	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	210	18	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	210	19	conditions	condition	NOUN
elsr-31049	210	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	210	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	210	22	testees	testee	NOUN
elsr-31049	210	23	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	210	24	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	210	25	investigated	investigate	VERB
elsr-31049	210	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	211	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	211	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	211	3	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	211	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	211	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	211	6	basic	basic	ADJ
elsr-31049	211	7	information	information	NOUN
elsr-31049	211	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	211	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	211	10	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	211	11	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	211	12	collected	collect	VERB
elsr-31049	211	13	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	211	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	211	15	means	mean	NOUN
elsr-31049	211	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	211	17	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-31049	211	18	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	211	19	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	211	20	questions	question	NOUN
elsr-31049	211	21	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	211	22	all	all	ADV
elsr-31049	211	23	set	set	VERB
elsr-31049	211	24	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	211	25	survey	survey	VERB
elsr-31049	211	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	211	27	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	211	28	backgrounds	background	NOUN
elsr-31049	211	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	211	30	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	211	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	211	32	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-31049	211	33	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	211	34	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	211	35	correspond	correspond	VERB
elsr-31049	211	36	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	211	37	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	211	38	recordings	recording	NOUN
elsr-31049	211	39	individually	individually	ADV
elsr-31049	211	40	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	212	1	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	212	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	212	3	basis	basis	NOUN
elsr-31049	212	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	212	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	212	6	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	212	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	212	8	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	212	9	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	212	10	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	212	11	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	212	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	212	13	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	212	14	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	212	15	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	212	16	analyzed	analyze	VERB
elsr-31049	212	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	213	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	213	2	questions	question	NOUN
elsr-31049	213	3	include	include	VERB
elsr-31049	213	4	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	213	5	age	age	NOUN
elsr-31049	213	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	213	7	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	213	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	213	9	place	place	NOUN
elsr-31049	213	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	213	11	residence	residence	NOUN
elsr-31049	213	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	213	13	annual	annual	ADJ
elsr-31049	213	14	family	family	NOUN
elsr-31049	213	15	income	income	NOUN
elsr-31049	213	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	213	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	213	18	efl	efl	PROPN
elsr-31049	213	19	duration	duration	NOUN
elsr-31049	213	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	214	1	3.3	3.3	NUM
elsr-31049	214	2	procedure	procedure	NOUN
elsr-31049	214	3	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	214	4	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	214	5	generally	generally	ADV
elsr-31049	214	6	encompasses	encompass	VERB
elsr-31049	214	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	214	8	following	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	214	9	three	three	NUM
elsr-31049	214	10	steps	step	NOUN
elsr-31049	214	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	215	1	first	first	ADV
elsr-31049	215	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	215	3	all	all	PRON
elsr-31049	215	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	215	5	after	after	ADP
elsr-31049	215	6	material	material	NOUN
elsr-31049	215	7	selection	selection	NOUN
elsr-31049	215	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	215	9	question	question	NOUN
elsr-31049	215	10	setting	setting	NOUN
elsr-31049	215	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	215	12	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-31049	215	13	design	design	NOUN
elsr-31049	215	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	215	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	215	16	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-31049	215	17	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	215	18	distributed	distribute	VERB
elsr-31049	215	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	215	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	215	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	215	22	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	215	23	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	215	24	recruited	recruit	VERB
elsr-31049	215	25	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	215	26	complete	complete	VERB
elsr-31049	215	27	them	they	PRON
elsr-31049	215	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	216	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	216	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	216	3	second	second	ADJ
elsr-31049	216	4	place	place	NOUN
elsr-31049	216	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	216	6	after	after	ADP
elsr-31049	216	7	opening	open	VERB
elsr-31049	216	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	216	9	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-31049	216	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	216	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	216	12	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	216	13	first	first	ADV
elsr-31049	216	14	answered	answer	VERB
elsr-31049	216	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	216	16	questions	question	NOUN
elsr-31049	216	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	216	18	several	several	ADJ
elsr-31049	216	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	216	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	216	21	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	216	22	read	read	VERB
elsr-31049	216	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	216	24	materials	material	NOUN
elsr-31049	216	25	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
elsr-31049	216	26	given	give	VERB
elsr-31049	216	27	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	216	28	record	record	NOUN
elsr-31049	216	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	217	1	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	217	2	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	217	3	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	217	4	noted	note	VERB
elsr-31049	217	5	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	217	6	due	due	ADP
elsr-31049	217	7	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	217	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	217	9	limitation	limitation	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	217	11	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
elsr-31049	217	12	conditions	condition	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	13	like	like	ADP
elsr-31049	217	14	displacement	displacement	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	217	16	equipment	equipment	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	17	lack	lack	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	217	19	professional	professional	ADJ
elsr-31049	217	20	recording	recording	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	21	software	software	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	22	such	such	ADJ
elsr-31049	217	23	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	217	24	praat	praat	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	217	26	cool	cool	ADJ
elsr-31049	217	27	edited	edit	VERB
elsr-31049	217	28	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	217	29	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	217	30	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	217	31	adopted	adopt	VERB
elsr-31049	217	32	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	217	33	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	217	34	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	217	36	namely	namely	ADV
elsr-31049	217	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	217	38	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	217	39	sampling	sampling	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	40	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	217	41	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	217	42	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
elsr-31049	217	43	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	217	44	using	use	VERB
elsr-31049	217	45	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	217	46	recording	recording	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	47	tools	tool	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	48	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	217	49	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	217	50	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	51	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-31049	217	52	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-31049	217	53	phone	phone	NOUN
elsr-31049	217	54	per	per	X
elsr-31049	217	55	se	se	X
elsr-31049	217	56	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	218	1	before	before	ADP
elsr-31049	218	2	recording	recording	NOUN
elsr-31049	218	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	218	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	218	5	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	218	6	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	218	7	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	218	8	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	218	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	218	10	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	218	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	218	12	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	218	13	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	218	14	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	218	15	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	219	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	219	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	219	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	219	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	219	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	219	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	219	8	90	90	NUM
elsr-31049	219	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	219	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	219	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	219	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	219	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	219	14	required	require	VERB
elsr-31049	219	15	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	219	16	keep	keep	VERB
elsr-31049	219	17	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	219	18	opportune	opportune	ADJ
elsr-31049	219	19	distance	distance	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	20	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	219	21	5	5	NUM
elsr-31049	219	22	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	219	23	10	10	NUM
elsr-31049	219	24	cm	cm	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	25	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	219	26	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	219	27	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	219	28	microphone	microphone	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	29	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	219	30	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	219	31	phone	phone	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	219	33	averting	avert	VERB
elsr-31049	219	34	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	35	blasting	blasting	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	36	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	219	37	keeping	keep	VERB
elsr-31049	219	38	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	219	39	volume	volume	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	40	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	219	41	speed	speed	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	42	moderate	moderate	ADJ
elsr-31049	219	43	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	219	44	ensure	ensure	VERB
elsr-31049	219	45	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	219	46	sound	sound	ADJ
elsr-31049	219	47	quality	quality	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	48	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	219	49	clarity	clarity	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	50	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	219	51	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	219	52	recording	recording	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	53	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	219	54	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
elsr-31049	219	55	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	219	56	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	220	1	upon	upon	SCONJ
elsr-31049	220	2	recording	recording	NOUN
elsr-31049	220	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	220	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	220	5	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	220	6	upload	upload	VERB
elsr-31049	220	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	220	8	audio	audio	NOUN
elsr-31049	220	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	220	10	submit	submit	VERB
elsr-31049	220	11	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	220	12	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	220	13	complete	complete	VERB
elsr-31049	220	14	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	220	15	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	220	16	collection	collection	NOUN
elsr-31049	220	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	221	1	afterwards	afterwards	ADV
elsr-31049	221	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	221	3	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	221	4	certain	certain	ADJ
elsr-31049	221	5	number	number	NOUN
elsr-31049	221	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	221	7	collected	collect	VERB
elsr-31049	221	8	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	221	9	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	221	10	integrated	integrate	VERB
elsr-31049	221	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	222	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	222	2	off	off	ADP
elsr-31049	222	3	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	222	4	specification	specification	NOUN
elsr-31049	222	5	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	222	6	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	222	7	screened	screen	VERB
elsr-31049	222	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	222	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	222	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	222	11	qualified	qualified	ADJ
elsr-31049	222	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	222	13	analyzable	analyzable	ADJ
elsr-31049	222	14	ones	one	NOUN
elsr-31049	222	15	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	222	16	converted	convert	VERB
elsr-31049	222	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	222	18	imported	import	VERB
elsr-31049	222	19	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	222	20	praat	praat	NOUN
elsr-31049	222	21	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	222	22	turn	turn	NOUN
elsr-31049	222	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	223	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	223	2	spectrogram	spectrogram	NOUN
elsr-31049	223	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	223	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	223	5	audio	audio	NOUN
elsr-31049	223	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	223	7	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	223	8	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	223	9	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	223	10	generated	generate	VERB
elsr-31049	223	11	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	223	12	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	223	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	223	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	223	15	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	223	16	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	223	17	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	223	18	calculated	calculate	VERB
elsr-31049	223	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	223	20	marked	mark	VERB
elsr-31049	223	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	224	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	224	2	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	224	3	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	224	4	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	224	5	selected	select	VERB
elsr-31049	224	6	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	224	7	dependent	dependent	ADJ
elsr-31049	224	8	variables	variable	NOUN
elsr-31049	224	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	224	10	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	224	11	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	224	12	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	224	13	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	224	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	224	15	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	224	16	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	224	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	225	1	lastly	lastly	ADV
elsr-31049	225	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	225	3	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	225	4	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
elsr-31049	225	5	annotations	annotation	NOUN
elsr-31049	225	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	225	7	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	225	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	225	9	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	225	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	225	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	225	12	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	225	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	225	14	light	light	NOUN
elsr-31049	225	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	225	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	225	17	above	above	ADJ
elsr-31049	225	18	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	225	19	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	225	20	further	further	ADJ
elsr-31049	225	21	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	225	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	226	1	3.4	3.4	NUM
elsr-31049	226	2	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-31049	226	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	226	4	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	226	5	generally	generally	ADV
elsr-31049	226	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	226	7	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
elsr-31049	226	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	226	9	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
elsr-31049	226	10	analyses	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	226	11	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	226	12	adopted	adopt	VERB
elsr-31049	226	13	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	226	14	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	226	15	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
elsr-31049	226	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	226	17	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	226	18	survey	survey	NOUN
elsr-31049	226	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	227	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	227	2	integral	integral	ADJ
elsr-31049	227	3	part	part	NOUN
elsr-31049	227	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	227	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	227	6	former	former	ADJ
elsr-31049	227	7	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	227	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	227	9	determination	determination	NOUN
elsr-31049	227	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	227	11	independent	independent	ADJ
elsr-31049	227	12	variables	variable	NOUN
elsr-31049	227	13	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	227	14	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	227	15	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	227	16	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	227	17	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	227	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	227	19	dependent	dependent	ADJ
elsr-31049	227	20	variables	variable	NOUN
elsr-31049	227	21	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	227	22	selected	select	VERB
elsr-31049	227	23	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	227	24	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	227	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	228	1	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
elsr-31049	228	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	228	3	aimed	aim	VERB
elsr-31049	228	4	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	228	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	228	6	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
elsr-31049	228	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	228	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	228	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	228	10	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	228	11	objects	object	NOUN
elsr-31049	228	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	228	13	combining	combine	VERB
elsr-31049	228	14	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	228	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	228	16	induction	induction	NOUN
elsr-31049	228	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	228	18	deduction	deduction	NOUN
elsr-31049	228	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	228	20	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	228	21	reveal	reveal	VERB
elsr-31049	228	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	228	23	essence	essence	NOUN
elsr-31049	228	24	nexus	nexus	NOUN
elsr-31049	228	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	228	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	228	27	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	228	28	variables	variable	NOUN
elsr-31049	228	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	229	1	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	229	2	aforementioned	aforementione	VERB
elsr-31049	229	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	229	4	praat	praat	NOUN
elsr-31049	229	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	229	6	spss	spss	PROPN
elsr-31049	229	7	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	229	8	employed	employ	VERB
elsr-31049	229	9	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	229	10	analytic	analytic	ADJ
elsr-31049	229	11	tools	tool	NOUN
elsr-31049	229	12	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	229	13	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	229	14	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	229	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	230	1	firstly	firstly	ADV
elsr-31049	230	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	230	3	praat	praat	PROPN
elsr-31049	230	4	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	230	5	chiefly	chiefly	ADV
elsr-31049	230	6	used	use	VERB
elsr-31049	230	7	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	230	8	spectrogram	spectrogram	NOUN
elsr-31049	230	9	generations	generation	NOUN
elsr-31049	230	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	230	11	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-31049	230	12	annotations	annotation	NOUN
elsr-31049	230	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	231	1	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	231	2	account	account	NOUN
elsr-31049	231	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	231	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	231	5	definition	definition	NOUN
elsr-31049	231	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	231	7	classification	classification	NOUN
elsr-31049	231	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	231	9	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	231	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	231	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	231	12	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	231	13	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	231	14	corresponding	correspond	VERB
elsr-31049	231	15	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	231	16	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	231	17	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	231	18	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	231	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	231	20	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	231	21	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	231	22	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	231	23	separately	separately	ADV
elsr-31049	231	24	calculated	calculate	VERB
elsr-31049	231	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	231	26	recorded	record	VERB
elsr-31049	231	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	232	1	while	while	SCONJ
elsr-31049	232	2	pronouncing	pronounce	VERB
elsr-31049	232	3	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	232	4	unit	unit	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	232	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	232	7	reading	reading	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	8	material	material	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	232	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	232	11	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	232	12	cord	cord	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	13	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	14	caused	cause	VERB
elsr-31049	232	15	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	232	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	232	17	front	front	ADJ
elsr-31049	232	18	vowel	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	19	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	20	/ə/	/ə/	X
elsr-31049	232	21	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	232	22	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	232	23	followed	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	232	24	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	232	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	232	26	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	27	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	232	28	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	232	29	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	232	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	232	32	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	232	33	process	process	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	34	embodies	embody	VERB
elsr-31049	232	35	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	232	36	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	232	37	spectrogram	spectrogram	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	38	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	232	39	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	232	40	duration	duration	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	41	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	232	42	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	232	43	end	end	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	44	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	232	45	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	232	46	formant	formant	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	47	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	232	48	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	232	49	beginning	beginning	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	50	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	232	51	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	232	52	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
elsr-31049	232	53	first	first	ADJ
elsr-31049	232	54	spike	spike	NOUN
elsr-31049	232	55	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	233	1	after	after	ADP
elsr-31049	233	2	observation	observation	NOUN
elsr-31049	233	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	233	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	233	5	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	233	6	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	233	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	233	8	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	233	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	233	10	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	233	11	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	233	12	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	233	13	individually	individually	ADV
elsr-31049	233	14	recorded	record	VERB
elsr-31049	233	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	233	16	marked	mark	VERB
elsr-31049	233	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	233	18	extracted	extract	VERB
elsr-31049	233	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	1	upon	upon	SCONJ
elsr-31049	234	2	data	data	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	3	recording	recording	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	234	6	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	7	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	234	8	grouped	group	VERB
elsr-31049	234	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	234	10	accordance	accordance	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	11	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	234	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	234	13	independent	independent	ADJ
elsr-31049	234	14	variables	variable	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	16	namely	namely	ADV
elsr-31049	234	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	18	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	234	19	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	234	20	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	21	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	22	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	24	region	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	234	26	financial	financial	ADJ
elsr-31049	234	27	background	background	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	28	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	29	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	30	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	234	31	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	32	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	234	33	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	234	34	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	35	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	234	36	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	37	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	234	38	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	234	39	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	40	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	234	41	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	234	42	calculated	calculate	VERB
elsr-31049	234	43	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	234	44	respective	respective	ADJ
elsr-31049	234	45	contrast	contrast	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	46	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	47	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	48	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	234	49	instance	instance	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	50	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	51	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	234	52	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	234	53	respect	respect	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	54	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	234	55	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	234	56	region	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	57	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	58	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	59	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	234	60	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	61	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	234	62	grouped	group	VERB
elsr-31049	234	63	according	accord	VERB
elsr-31049	234	64	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	234	65	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	234	66	resident	resident	ADJ
elsr-31049	234	67	regions	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	68	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	234	69	mastered	mastered	ADJ
elsr-31049	234	70	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	71	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	234	72	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	234	73	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	234	74	inference	inference	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	75	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	234	76	its	its	PRON
elsr-31049	234	77	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	234	78	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	234	79	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	234	80	made	make	VERB
elsr-31049	234	81	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	235	1	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	235	2	last	last	ADJ
elsr-31049	235	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	235	4	correlation	correlation	NOUN
elsr-31049	235	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	235	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	235	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	235	8	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elsr-31049	235	9	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	235	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	235	11	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	235	12	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	235	13	factor	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	235	14	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	235	15	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	235	16	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	235	17	using	use	VERB
elsr-31049	235	18	spss	spss	PROPN
elsr-31049	235	19	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	235	20	complete	complete	VERB
elsr-31049	235	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	235	22	final	final	ADJ
elsr-31049	235	23	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
elsr-31049	235	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	235	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	235	26	degree	degree	NOUN
elsr-31049	235	27	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	235	28	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	235	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	236	1	4	4	X
elsr-31049	236	2	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	3	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	236	5	discussions	discussion	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	6	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	236	7	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	8	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	236	9	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	236	10	present	present	VERB
elsr-31049	236	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	236	12	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	236	13	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	14	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	236	15	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	236	17	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	236	18	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	236	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	236	21	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	236	22	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	236	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	236	25	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	26	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	236	27	discussion	discussion	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	236	29	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	236	30	probe	probe	VERB
elsr-31049	236	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	236	32	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	33	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	236	34	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	236	35	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	36	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	236	37	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	38	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	236	39	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	236	40	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	41	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	236	42	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	236	43	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	236	44	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	236	45	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	236	46	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	236	47	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	236	48	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	236	49	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	236	50	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	51	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	236	52	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	53	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	236	54	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	55	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	56	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	236	57	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	237	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	237	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	237	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	237	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	237	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	237	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	237	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	237	8	91	91	NUM
elsr-31049	237	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	237	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	237	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	237	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	237	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	238	1	4.1	4.1	NUM
elsr-31049	238	2	results	result	VERB
elsr-31049	238	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	238	4	measurements	measurement	NOUN
elsr-31049	238	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	238	6	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	238	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	238	8	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	238	9	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	238	10	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	238	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	238	12	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	238	13	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	238	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	238	15	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	238	16	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	238	17	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	238	18	displayed	display	VERB
elsr-31049	238	19	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	238	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	238	21	following	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	238	22	table	table	NOUN
elsr-31049	238	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	239	1	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	239	2	mentioned	mention	VERB
elsr-31049	239	3	above	above	ADV
elsr-31049	239	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	239	5	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	239	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	239	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	239	8	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	239	9	contrast	contrast	NOUN
elsr-31049	239	10	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	239	11	distinguishes	distinguish	VERB
elsr-31049	239	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	239	13	lexical	lexical	ADJ
elsr-31049	239	14	meanings	meaning	NOUN
elsr-31049	239	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	239	16	words	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	239	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	239	18	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	239	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	239	20	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	239	21	determines	determine	VERB
elsr-31049	239	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	239	23	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	239	24	measurement	measurement	NOUN
elsr-31049	239	25	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	239	26	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	239	27	criteria	criterion	NOUN
elsr-31049	239	28	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	239	29	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	239	30	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	239	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	239	32	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	239	33	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	239	34	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	239	35	therefore	therefore	ADV
elsr-31049	239	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	239	37	these	these	DET
elsr-31049	239	38	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	239	39	sorts	sort	NOUN
elsr-31049	239	40	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	239	41	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	239	42	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	239	43	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	239	44	gauged	gauge	VERB
elsr-31049	239	45	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	239	46	shown	show	VERB
elsr-31049	239	47	separately	separately	ADV
elsr-31049	239	48	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	240	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	240	2	unit	unit	NOUN
elsr-31049	240	3	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	240	4	ms	ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	240	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	240	6	millisecond	millisecond	NOUN
elsr-31049	240	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	240	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	241	1	table	table	NOUN
elsr-31049	241	2	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	241	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	242	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	242	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	242	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	242	4	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	242	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	242	6	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	242	7	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	242	8	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	242	9	individual	individual	ADJ
elsr-31049	242	10	mean	mean	NOUN
elsr-31049	242	11	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	242	12	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	242	13	110.7	110.7	NUM
elsr-31049	242	14	75.3	75.3	NUM
elsr-31049	242	15	108.2	108.2	NUM
elsr-31049	242	16	83.4	83.4	NUM
elsr-31049	242	17	107.1	107.1	NUM
elsr-31049	242	18	106.2	106.2	NUM
elsr-31049	242	19	95.7	95.7	NUM
elsr-31049	242	20	93.9	93.9	NUM
elsr-31049	242	21	99.7	99.7	NUM
elsr-31049	242	22	79.9	79.9	NUM
elsr-31049	242	23	82.5	82.5	NUM
elsr-31049	242	24	83.3	83.3	NUM
elsr-31049	242	25	119.8	119.8	NUM
elsr-31049	242	26	92.5	92.5	NUM
elsr-31049	242	27	70.9	70.9	NUM
elsr-31049	242	28	94	94	NUM
elsr-31049	242	29	92.5	92.5	NUM
elsr-31049	242	30	54.9	54.9	NUM
elsr-31049	242	31	87.6	87.6	NUM
elsr-31049	242	32	119.7	119.7	NUM
elsr-31049	242	33	104.4	104.4	NUM
elsr-31049	242	34	102.3	102.3	NUM
elsr-31049	242	35	99.8	99.8	NUM
elsr-31049	242	36	99.9	99.9	NUM
elsr-31049	242	37	84.7	84.7	NUM
elsr-31049	242	38	108.4	108.4	NUM
elsr-31049	242	39	125	125	NUM
elsr-31049	242	40	136.9	136.9	NUM
elsr-31049	242	41	81.1	81.1	NUM
elsr-31049	242	42	82.8	82.8	NUM
elsr-31049	242	43	table	table	NOUN
elsr-31049	242	44	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	242	45	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	243	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	243	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	243	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	243	4	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	243	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	243	6	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	243	7	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	243	8	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	243	9	individual	individual	ADJ
elsr-31049	243	10	mean	mean	NOUN
elsr-31049	243	11	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	243	12	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	243	13	29.3	29.3	NUM
elsr-31049	243	14	16	16	NUM
elsr-31049	243	15	17.3	17.3	NUM
elsr-31049	243	16	15.6	15.6	NUM
elsr-31049	243	17	14.6	14.6	NUM
elsr-31049	243	18	15.6	15.6	NUM
elsr-31049	243	19	18.6	18.6	NUM
elsr-31049	243	20	13.5	13.5	NUM
elsr-31049	243	21	13.3	13.3	NUM
elsr-31049	243	22	10.5	10.5	NUM
elsr-31049	243	23	19	19	NUM
elsr-31049	243	24	16	16	NUM
elsr-31049	243	25	15.9	15.9	NUM
elsr-31049	243	26	17.1	17.1	NUM
elsr-31049	243	27	16.9	16.9	NUM
elsr-31049	243	28	15.7	15.7	NUM
elsr-31049	243	29	18.3	18.3	NUM
elsr-31049	243	30	17.1	17.1	NUM
elsr-31049	243	31	20.6	20.6	NUM
elsr-31049	243	32	21.1	21.1	NUM
elsr-31049	243	33	18.3	18.3	NUM
elsr-31049	243	34	15.7	15.7	NUM
elsr-31049	243	35	20.5	20.5	NUM
elsr-31049	243	36	15.9	15.9	NUM
elsr-31049	243	37	14.3	14.3	NUM
elsr-31049	243	38	20.6	20.6	NUM
elsr-31049	243	39	15.1	15.1	NUM
elsr-31049	243	40	17.6	17.6	NUM
elsr-31049	243	41	13.5	13.5	NUM
elsr-31049	243	42	14	14	NUM
elsr-31049	243	43	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	243	44	societal	societal	ADJ
elsr-31049	243	45	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	243	46	were	be	AUX
elsr-31049	243	47	extracted	extract	VERB
elsr-31049	243	48	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	243	49	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	243	50	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-31049	243	51	questions	question	NOUN
elsr-31049	243	52	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	243	53	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	243	54	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	243	55	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	243	56	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	243	57	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	244	1	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	244	2	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	244	3	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	244	4	section	section	NOUN
elsr-31049	244	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	244	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	244	7	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	244	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	244	9	these	these	DET
elsr-31049	244	10	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	244	11	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	244	12	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	244	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	244	14	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	244	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	244	16	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	244	17	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	244	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	244	19	all	all	DET
elsr-31049	244	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	244	21	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	244	22	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	244	23	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	244	24	shown	show	VERB
elsr-31049	244	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	245	1	spss	spss	PROPN
elsr-31049	245	2	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	245	3	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	245	4	employed	employ	VERB
elsr-31049	245	5	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	245	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	245	7	analytical	analytical	ADJ
elsr-31049	245	8	tool	tool	NOUN
elsr-31049	245	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	245	10	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	245	11	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	245	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	245	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	245	14	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	245	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	245	16	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	245	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	245	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	245	19	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	245	20	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	245	21	used	use	VERB
elsr-31049	245	22	mainly	mainly	ADV
elsr-31049	245	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	245	24	encompasses	encompass	VERB
elsr-31049	245	25	independent	independent	ADJ
elsr-31049	245	26	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	245	27	t	t	PROPN
elsr-31049	245	28	test	test	NOUN
elsr-31049	245	29	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	245	30	anova	anova	PROPN
elsr-31049	245	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	246	1	4.1.1	4.1.1	NOUN
elsr-31049	246	2	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	246	3	since	since	SCONJ
elsr-31049	246	4	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	246	5	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	246	6	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	246	7	factor	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	246	8	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	246	9	few	few	ADJ
elsr-31049	246	10	variables	variable	NOUN
elsr-31049	246	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	246	12	namely	namely	ADV
elsr-31049	246	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	246	14	biologically	biologically	ADV
elsr-31049	246	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	246	16	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	246	17	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	246	18	merely	merely	ADV
elsr-31049	246	19	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	246	20	kinds	kind	NOUN
elsr-31049	246	21	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	246	22	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	246	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	246	24	male	male	ADJ
elsr-31049	246	25	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	246	26	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	246	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	246	28	independent	independent	ADJ
elsr-31049	246	29	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	246	30	t	t	PROPN
elsr-31049	246	31	test	test	NOUN
elsr-31049	246	32	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	246	33	used	use	VERB
elsr-31049	246	34	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	246	35	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	246	36	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	247	1	4.1.1.1	4.1.1.1	NUM
elsr-31049	247	2	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	247	3	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	247	4	table	table	NOUN
elsr-31049	247	5	5	5	NUM
elsr-31049	247	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	248	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	248	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	248	4	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	248	6	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	248	7	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	8	variable	variable	ADJ
elsr-31049	248	9	name	name	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	10	variable	variable	ADJ
elsr-31049	248	11	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	12	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	13	size	size	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	14	mean	mean	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	15	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	16	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	248	17	deviation	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	18	tvalue	tvalue	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	19	p	p	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	20	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	21	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	22	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	23	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	248	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	248	25	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	248	26	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	27	cohen	cohen	PROPN
elsr-31049	248	28	’s	’s	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	29	d	d	PROPN
elsr-31049	248	30	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	31	mean	mean	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	32	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	33	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	248	34	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	248	35	voiceless	voiceless	VERB
elsr-31049	248	36	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	248	37	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	38	15	15	NUM
elsr-31049	248	39	93.94	93.94	NUM
elsr-31049	248	40	14.505	14.505	NUM
elsr-31049	248	41	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	248	42	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	43	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	248	44	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	45	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	248	46	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	47	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	48	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	248	49	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	249	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	249	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	249	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	249	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	249	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	249	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	249	8	92	92	NUM
elsr-31049	249	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	249	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	249	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	249	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	249	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	249	14	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	249	15	female	female	VERB
elsr-31049	249	16	15	15	NUM
elsr-31049	249	17	98.267	98.267	NUM
elsr-31049	249	18	19.986	19.986	NUM
elsr-31049	249	19	total	total	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	20	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	249	21	96.103	96.103	NUM
elsr-31049	249	22	17.298	17.298	NUM
elsr-31049	249	23	-0.679	-0.679	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	24	0.503	0.503	NUM
elsr-31049	249	25	4.327	4.327	NUM
elsr-31049	249	26	0.248	0.248	NUM
elsr-31049	249	27	chart	chart	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	28	illustrations	illustration	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	29	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	249	30	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	249	31	table	table	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	32	above	above	ADV
elsr-31049	249	33	shows	show	VERB
elsr-31049	249	34	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	249	35	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	36	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	249	37	independent	independent	ADJ
elsr-31049	249	38	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	39	t	t	PROPN
elsr-31049	249	40	test	test	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	41	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	249	42	including	include	VERB
elsr-31049	249	43	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	249	44	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	45	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	249	46	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	249	47	±	±	NUM
elsr-31049	249	48	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	249	49	deviation	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	50	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	249	51	t	t	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	52	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	249	53	test	test	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	54	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	55	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	249	56	significance	significance	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	57	p	p	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	58	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	249	59	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	60	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	249	61	cohen	cohen	PROPN
elsr-31049	249	62	’s	’s	PART
elsr-31049	249	63	d	d	PROPN
elsr-31049	249	64	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	65	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	249	66	effect	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	67	size	size	NOUN
elsr-31049	249	68	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	250	1	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	250	2	item	item	NOUN
elsr-31049	250	3	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	250	4	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	250	5	estimated	estimate	VERB
elsr-31049	250	6	whether	whether	SCONJ
elsr-31049	250	7	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	250	8	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	250	9	less	less	ADJ
elsr-31049	250	10	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	250	11	0.05	0.05	NUM
elsr-31049	250	12	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	250	13	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	250	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	251	1	if	if	SCONJ
elsr-31049	251	2	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	251	3	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	251	4	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	251	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	251	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	251	7	null	null	ADJ
elsr-31049	251	8	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
elsr-31049	251	9	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	251	10	rejected	reject	VERB
elsr-31049	251	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	251	12	indicating	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	251	13	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	251	14	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	251	15	factually	factually	ADV
elsr-31049	251	16	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	251	17	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	251	18	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	251	19	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	251	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	251	21	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	251	22	groups	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	251	23	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	251	24	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-31049	251	25	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	251	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	251	27	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	251	28	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	251	29	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	251	30	analyzed	analyze	VERB
elsr-31049	251	31	according	accord	VERB
elsr-31049	251	32	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	251	33	mean	mean	PROPN
elsr-31049	251	34	±	±	NUM
elsr-31049	251	35	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	251	36	deviation	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	251	37	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	251	38	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	251	39	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
elsr-31049	251	40	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	251	41	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	251	42	indicates	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	251	43	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	251	44	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	251	45	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	251	46	exists	exist	VERB
elsr-31049	251	47	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	251	48	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	251	49	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	251	50	groups	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	251	51	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	252	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	252	2	p	p	PROPN
elsr-31049	252	3	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	252	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	252	5	f	f	PROPN
elsr-31049	252	6	test	test	NOUN
elsr-31049	252	7	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	252	8	0.503>=0.05	0.503>=0.05	PROPN
elsr-31049	252	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	252	10	so	so	CCONJ
elsr-31049	252	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	252	12	statistical	statistical	ADJ
elsr-31049	252	13	result	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	252	14	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	252	15	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	252	16	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	252	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	252	18	indicating	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	252	19	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	252	20	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	252	21	was	be	VERB
elsr-31049	252	22	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	252	23	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	252	24	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	252	25	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	252	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	252	27	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	252	28	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	252	29	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	252	30	individual	individual	ADJ
elsr-31049	252	31	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	252	32	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	252	33	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	252	34	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	252	35	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	252	36	female	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	252	37	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	253	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	253	2	cohen	cohen	PROPN
elsr-31049	253	3	’s	’s	PART
elsr-31049	253	4	d	d	PROPN
elsr-31049	253	5	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	253	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	253	7	0.248	0.248	NUM
elsr-31049	253	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	253	9	explaining	explain	VERB
elsr-31049	253	10	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	253	11	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	253	12	range	range	NOUN
elsr-31049	253	13	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	253	14	0.20	0.20	NUM
elsr-31049	253	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	253	16	0.50	0.50	NUM
elsr-31049	253	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	253	18	0.80	0.80	NUM
elsr-31049	253	19	correspond	correspond	NOUN
elsr-31049	253	20	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	253	21	small	small	ADJ
elsr-31049	253	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	253	23	medium	medium	ADJ
elsr-31049	253	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	253	25	large	large	ADJ
elsr-31049	253	26	critical	critical	ADJ
elsr-31049	253	27	points	point	NOUN
elsr-31049	253	28	respectively	respectively	ADV
elsr-31049	253	29	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	253	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	254	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	254	2	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	254	3	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	254	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	254	5	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	254	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	254	7	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	254	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	254	9	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	254	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	254	11	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	254	12	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	254	13	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	254	14	93.94ms	93.94ms	NUM
elsr-31049	254	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	254	16	98.267ms	98.267m	NOUN
elsr-31049	254	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	255	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	255	2	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	255	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	255	4	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	255	5	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	255	6	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	255	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	255	8	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	255	9	deviation	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	255	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	255	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	255	12	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	255	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	255	14	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	255	15	voiceless	voiceless	NOUN
elsr-31049	255	16	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	255	17	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	255	18	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	255	19	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	255	20	women	woman	NOUN
elsr-31049	255	21	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	255	22	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	255	23	men	man	NOUN
elsr-31049	255	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	255	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	255	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	255	27	divergence	divergence	NOUN
elsr-31049	255	28	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	255	29	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	255	30	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	255	31	woman	woman	NOUN
elsr-31049	255	32	as	as	ADV
elsr-31049	255	33	well	well	ADV
elsr-31049	255	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	256	1	4.1.1.2	4.1.1.2	NUM
elsr-31049	256	2	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	256	3	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	256	4	table	table	NOUN
elsr-31049	256	5	6	6	NUM
elsr-31049	256	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	257	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	257	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	257	4	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	257	6	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	257	7	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	8	variable	variable	ADJ
elsr-31049	257	9	name	name	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	10	variable	variable	ADJ
elsr-31049	257	11	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	12	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	13	size	size	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	14	mean	mean	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	15	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	16	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	257	17	deviation	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	18	t	t	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	19	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	20	p	p	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	21	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	22	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	23	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	257	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	257	26	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	257	27	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	28	cohen	cohen	PROPN
elsr-31049	257	29	’s	’s	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	30	d	d	PROPN
elsr-31049	257	31	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	32	mean	mean	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	33	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	34	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	257	35	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	257	36	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	257	37	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	257	38	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	39	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	40	15	15	NUM
elsr-31049	257	41	16.613	16.613	NUM
elsr-31049	257	42	4.113	4.113	NUM
elsr-31049	257	43	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	257	44	15	15	NUM
elsr-31049	257	45	17.22	17.22	NUM
elsr-31049	257	46	2.601	2.601	NUM
elsr-31049	257	47	total	total	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	48	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	257	49	16.917	16.917	NUM
elsr-31049	257	50	3.395	3.395	NUM
elsr-31049	257	51	-0.483	-0.483	NUM
elsr-31049	257	52	0.633	0.633	NUM
elsr-31049	257	53	0.607	0.607	NUM
elsr-31049	257	54	0.176	0.176	NUM
elsr-31049	257	55	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	257	56	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	57	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	257	58	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	59	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	257	60	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	61	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	62	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	257	63	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	258	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	258	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	258	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	258	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	258	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	258	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	258	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	258	8	93	93	NUM
elsr-31049	258	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	258	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	258	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	258	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	258	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	259	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	259	2	p	p	PROPN
elsr-31049	259	3	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	259	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	259	5	f	f	PROPN
elsr-31049	259	6	test	test	NOUN
elsr-31049	259	7	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	259	8	0.633>=0.05	0.633>=0.05	PROPN
elsr-31049	259	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	259	10	indicating	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	259	11	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	259	12	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	259	13	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	259	14	discrepancy	discrepancy	NOUN
elsr-31049	259	15	exists	exist	VERB
elsr-31049	259	16	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	259	17	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	259	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	259	19	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	259	20	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	259	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	259	22	average	average	ADJ
elsr-31049	259	23	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	259	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	259	25	individual	individual	ADJ
elsr-31049	259	26	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	259	27	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	259	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	260	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	260	2	cohen	cohen	PROPN
elsr-31049	260	3	’s	’s	PART
elsr-31049	260	4	d	d	PROPN
elsr-31049	260	5	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	260	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	260	7	0.176	0.176	NUM
elsr-31049	260	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	260	9	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
elsr-31049	260	10	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	260	11	small	small	ADJ
elsr-31049	260	12	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	260	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	261	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	261	2	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	261	3	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	261	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	261	5	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	261	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	261	7	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	261	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	261	9	female	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	261	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	261	11	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	261	12	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	261	13	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	261	14	16.613ms	16.613ms	NUM
elsr-31049	261	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	261	16	17.22ms	17.22ms	NUM
elsr-31049	261	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	261	18	respectively	respectively	ADV
elsr-31049	261	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	262	1	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	262	2	average	average	ADJ
elsr-31049	262	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	262	4	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	262	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	262	6	female	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	262	7	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	262	8	slightly	slightly	ADV
elsr-31049	262	9	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	262	10	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	262	11	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	262	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	262	13	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	262	14	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	262	15	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-31049	262	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	262	17	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	262	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	262	19	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	262	20	deviation	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	262	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	262	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	262	23	data	data	NOUN
elsr-31049	262	24	distribution	distribution	NOUN
elsr-31049	262	25	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	262	26	men	man	NOUN
elsr-31049	262	27	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	262	28	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	262	29	discrete	discrete	ADJ
elsr-31049	262	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	262	31	namely	namely	ADV
elsr-31049	262	32	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	262	33	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	262	34	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	262	35	larger	large	ADJ
elsr-31049	262	36	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	263	1	combining	combine	VERB
elsr-31049	263	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	263	3	measurement	measurement	NOUN
elsr-31049	263	4	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	263	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	263	6	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	263	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	263	8	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	263	9	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	263	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	263	11	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	263	12	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	263	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	263	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	263	15	consequence	consequence	NOUN
elsr-31049	263	16	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	263	17	female	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	263	18	has	have	VERB
elsr-31049	263	19	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	263	20	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	263	21	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	263	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	263	23	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	263	24	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	263	25	than	than	SCONJ
elsr-31049	263	26	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	263	27	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	263	28	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	263	29	seen	see	VERB
elsr-31049	263	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	264	1	4.1.2	4.1.2	NUM
elsr-31049	264	2	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	264	3	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	264	4	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	264	5	study	study	VERB
elsr-31049	264	6	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	264	7	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	264	8	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	264	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	264	10	that	that	ADV
elsr-31049	264	11	is	is	ADV
elsr-31049	264	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	264	13	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	264	14	investigate	investigate	VERB
elsr-31049	264	15	whether	whether	SCONJ
elsr-31049	264	16	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	264	17	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	264	18	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	264	19	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	264	20	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-31049	264	21	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	264	22	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	264	23	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	264	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	264	25	which	which	DET
elsr-31049	264	26	kinds	kind	NOUN
elsr-31049	264	27	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	264	28	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	264	29	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	264	30	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	264	31	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	264	32	influence	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	264	33	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	265	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	265	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	265	3	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	265	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	265	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	265	6	selection	selection	NOUN
elsr-31049	265	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	265	8	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	265	9	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	265	10	disordered	disorder	VERB
elsr-31049	265	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	266	1	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	266	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	266	3	basis	basis	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	4	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	266	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	266	6	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	7	questions	question	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	8	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	266	9	household	household	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	10	registration	registration	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	11	location	location	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	12	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	266	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	266	14	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	266	15	most	most	ADV
elsr-31049	266	16	commonly	commonly	ADV
elsr-31049	266	17	used	use	VERB
elsr-31049	266	18	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	19	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	266	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	266	21	six	six	NUM
elsr-31049	266	22	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	23	types	type	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	24	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	266	25	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	266	26	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	27	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	266	28	mastered	master	VERB
elsr-31049	266	29	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	266	30	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	266	31	potential	potential	ADJ
elsr-31049	266	32	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	33	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	266	34	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	266	35	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	36	output	output	NOUN
elsr-31049	266	37	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	266	38	integrated	integrate	VERB
elsr-31049	266	39	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	267	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	267	2	accordance	accordance	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	3	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	267	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	267	5	divisions	division	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	6	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	267	7	historical	historical	ADJ
elsr-31049	267	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	267	9	geographical	geographical	ADJ
elsr-31049	267	10	reasons	reason	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	267	12	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	267	13	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	267	14	seven	seven	NUM
elsr-31049	267	15	dialect	dialect	ADJ
elsr-31049	267	16	regions	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	267	18	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	267	19	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	267	20	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	21	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	22	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	267	23	official	official	ADJ
elsr-31049	267	24	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	25	region	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	267	27	wu	wu	PROPN
elsr-31049	267	28	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	267	29	region	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	267	31	gan	gan	PROPN
elsr-31049	267	32	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	267	33	region	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	34	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	267	35	xiang	xiang	PROPN
elsr-31049	267	36	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	267	37	region	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	267	39	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	267	40	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	267	41	region	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	42	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	267	43	cantonese	cantonese	ADJ
elsr-31049	267	44	region	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	45	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	267	46	hakka	hakka	PROPN
elsr-31049	267	47	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	267	48	region	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	267	49	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	268	1	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	268	2	dialect	dialect	ADJ
elsr-31049	268	3	area	area	NOUN
elsr-31049	268	4	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	268	5	divided	divide	VERB
elsr-31049	268	6	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	268	7	several	several	ADJ
elsr-31049	268	8	sub	sub	ADJ
elsr-31049	268	9	-	-	ADJ
elsr-31049	268	10	dialect	dialect	ADJ
elsr-31049	268	11	areas	area	NOUN
elsr-31049	268	12	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	268	13	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	268	14	instance	instance	NOUN
elsr-31049	268	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	268	16	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	268	17	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	268	18	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	268	19	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	268	20	subdivided	subdivide	VERB
elsr-31049	268	21	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	268	22	northeast	northeast	ADJ
elsr-31049	268	23	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	268	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	268	25	jiaoliao	jiaoliao	PROPN
elsr-31049	268	26	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	268	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	268	28	beijing	beijing	PROPN
elsr-31049	268	29	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	268	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	268	31	jilu	jilu	PROPN
elsr-31049	268	32	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	268	33	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	268	34	central	central	ADJ
elsr-31049	268	35	plains	plain	NOUN
elsr-31049	268	36	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	268	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	268	38	jianghuai	jianghuai	PROPN
elsr-31049	268	39	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	268	40	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	268	41	lanyin	lanyin	PROPN
elsr-31049	268	42	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	268	43	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	268	44	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	268	45	southwest	southwest	ADJ
elsr-31049	268	46	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	268	47	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	269	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	269	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	269	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	269	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	269	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	269	6	codes	code	NOUN
elsr-31049	269	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	269	8	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	269	9	sorts	sort	NOUN
elsr-31049	269	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	269	11	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	269	12	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	269	13	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	269	14	follows	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	269	15	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	269	16	min	min	NOUN
elsr-31049	269	17	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	269	18	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	269	19	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	269	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	269	21	jianghuai	jianghuai	PROPN
elsr-31049	269	22	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	269	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	269	24	wu	wu	PROPN
elsr-31049	269	25	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	269	26	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	269	27	2	2	NUM
elsr-31049	269	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	269	29	southwest	southwest	ADJ
elsr-31049	269	30	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	269	31	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	269	32	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	269	33	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	269	34	lanyin	lanyin	PROPN
elsr-31049	269	35	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	269	36	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	269	37	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	269	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	269	39	zhongyuan	zhongyuan	PROPN
elsr-31049	269	40	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	269	41	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	269	42	5	5	NUM
elsr-31049	269	43	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	269	44	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	269	45	cantonese	cantonese	NOUN
elsr-31049	269	46	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	269	47	6	6	NUM
elsr-31049	269	48	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	270	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	270	2	codes	code	NOUN
elsr-31049	270	3	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	270	4	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	270	5	line	line	NOUN
elsr-31049	270	6	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	270	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	270	8	number	number	NOUN
elsr-31049	270	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	270	10	people	people	NOUN
elsr-31049	270	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	270	12	decreasing	decrease	VERB
elsr-31049	270	13	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	270	14	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	270	15	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	270	16	6	6	NUM
elsr-31049	270	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	271	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	271	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	271	3	factor	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	271	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	271	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	271	6	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	271	7	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	271	8	way	way	NOUN
elsr-31049	271	9	anova	anova	PROPN
elsr-31049	271	10	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	271	11	employed	employ	VERB
elsr-31049	271	12	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	271	13	compare	compare	VERB
elsr-31049	271	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	271	15	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	271	16	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	271	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	271	18	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	271	19	deviations	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	271	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	271	21	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	271	22	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	271	23	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	271	24	determine	determine	VERB
elsr-31049	271	25	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	271	26	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	271	27	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	271	28	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	271	29	relatively	relatively	ADV
elsr-31049	271	30	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	271	31	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	271	32	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	271	33	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	271	34	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	271	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	271	36	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	271	37	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	271	38	analyze	analyze	VERB
elsr-31049	271	39	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	271	40	correlated	correlate	VERB
elsr-31049	271	41	reasons	reason	NOUN
elsr-31049	271	42	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	271	43	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	271	44	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	271	45	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	272	1	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	272	2	item	item	NOUN
elsr-31049	272	3	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	272	4	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	272	5	analyzed	analyze	VERB
elsr-31049	272	6	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	272	7	check	check	VERB
elsr-31049	272	8	whether	whether	SCONJ
elsr-31049	272	9	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	272	10	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	272	11	less	less	ADJ
elsr-31049	272	12	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	272	13	0.05	0.05	NUM
elsr-31049	272	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	273	1	4.1.2.1	4.1.2.1	NUM
elsr-31049	273	2	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	273	3	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	273	4	table	table	NOUN
elsr-31049	273	5	7	7	NUM
elsr-31049	273	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	274	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	274	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	274	4	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	274	6	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	274	7	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	8	variable	variable	ADJ
elsr-31049	274	9	name	name	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	10	variable	variable	ADJ
elsr-31049	274	11	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	12	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	13	size	size	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	14	mean	mean	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	15	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	16	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	274	17	deviation	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	18	f	f	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	19	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	20	p	p	PROPN
elsr-31049	274	21	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	22	1.0	1.0	NUM
elsr-31049	274	23	13	13	NUM
elsr-31049	274	24	96.838	96.838	NUM
elsr-31049	274	25	17.823	17.823	NUM
elsr-31049	274	26	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	274	27	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	28	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	274	29	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	274	30	voiceless	voiceless	VERB
elsr-31049	274	31	2.0	2.0	NUM
elsr-31049	274	32	6	6	NUM
elsr-31049	274	33	87.233	87.233	NUM
elsr-31049	274	34	11.755	11.755	NUM
elsr-31049	274	35	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	274	36	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	274	38	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	39	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	274	40	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	41	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	42	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	274	43	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	275	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	275	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	275	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	275	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	275	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	275	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	275	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	275	8	94	94	NUM
elsr-31049	275	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	275	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	275	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	275	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	275	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	275	14	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	275	15	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	275	16	6.0	6.0	NUM
elsr-31049	275	17	2	2	NUM
elsr-31049	275	18	95.350	95.350	NUM
elsr-31049	275	19	18.173	18.173	NUM
elsr-31049	275	20	4.0	4.0	NUM
elsr-31049	275	21	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	275	22	104.333	104.333	NUM
elsr-31049	275	23	4.038	4.038	NUM
elsr-31049	275	24	5.0	5.0	NUM
elsr-31049	275	25	2	2	NUM
elsr-31049	275	26	83.300	83.300	NUM
elsr-31049	275	27	17.536	17.536	NUM
elsr-31049	275	28	3.0	3.0	NUM
elsr-31049	275	29	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	275	30	107.625	107.625	NUM
elsr-31049	275	31	25.575	25.575	NUM
elsr-31049	275	32	total	total	NOUN
elsr-31049	275	33	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	275	34	96.103	96.103	NUM
elsr-31049	275	35	17.298	17.298	NUM
elsr-31049	275	36	1.037	1.037	NUM
elsr-31049	275	37	0.419	0.419	NUM
elsr-31049	275	38	figure	figure	NOUN
elsr-31049	275	39	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	275	40	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	276	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	276	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	276	4	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	276	6	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	276	7	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	276	9	p	p	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	10	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	276	12	variance	variance	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	14	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	276	15	0.419>0.05	0.419>0.05	ADJ
elsr-31049	276	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	276	17	indicating	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	276	18	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	276	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	276	20	statistical	statistical	ADJ
elsr-31049	276	21	result	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	22	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	276	23	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	276	24	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	276	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	276	26	that	that	ADV
elsr-31049	276	27	is	is	ADV
elsr-31049	276	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	276	29	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	276	30	is	be	VERB
elsr-31049	276	31	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	276	32	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	276	33	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	34	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	276	35	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	276	36	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	276	37	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	38	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	276	39	individual	individual	ADJ
elsr-31049	276	40	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	276	41	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	42	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	276	43	these	these	DET
elsr-31049	276	44	six	six	NUM
elsr-31049	276	45	groups	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	46	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	276	47	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	276	48	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	276	49	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	276	50	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	1	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	277	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	3	average	average	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	6	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	277	7	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	277	9	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	277	11	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	277	12	voiceless	voiceless	VERB
elsr-31049	277	13	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	14	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	277	15	groups	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	16	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	277	17	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	277	18	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	19	6	6	NUM
elsr-31049	277	20	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	277	21	respectively	respectively	ADV
elsr-31049	277	22	96.838ms	96.838ms	NUM
elsr-31049	277	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	24	87.233ms	87.233ms	NUM
elsr-31049	277	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	26	95.350ms	95.350ms	NUM
elsr-31049	277	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	28	104.333ms	104.333ms	NUM
elsr-31049	277	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	30	83.300ms	83.300ms	NUM
elsr-31049	277	31	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	32	107.625ms	107.625ms	NUM
elsr-31049	277	33	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	34	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	35	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	36	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	277	37	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	38	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	277	39	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	277	40	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	41	longest	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	277	42	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	43	followed	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	277	44	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	277	45	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	46	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	277	47	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	277	48	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	277	49	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	50	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	51	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	277	52	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	53	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	277	54	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	55	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	277	56	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	277	57	deviations	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	58	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	59	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	60	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	61	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	277	62	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	63	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	277	64	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	277	65	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	66	largest	large	ADJ
elsr-31049	277	67	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	68	25.575ms	25.575ms	NUM
elsr-31049	277	69	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	70	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	277	71	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	277	72	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	277	73	say	say	VERB
elsr-31049	277	74	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	75	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	76	dispersion	dispersion	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	77	degree	degree	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	78	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	277	79	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	80	highest	high	ADJ
elsr-31049	277	81	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	277	82	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	83	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	84	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	277	85	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	86	largest	large	ADJ
elsr-31049	277	87	within	within	ADP
elsr-31049	277	88	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	89	groups	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	90	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	91	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
elsr-31049	277	92	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	277	93	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	277	94	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	277	95	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	277	96	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	97	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	277	98	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	277	99	6	6	NUM
elsr-31049	277	100	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	101	18.173ms	18.173ms	NUM
elsr-31049	277	102	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	277	103	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	278	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	278	2	smallest	small	ADJ
elsr-31049	278	3	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	278	4	deviation	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	278	5	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	278	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	278	7	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	278	8	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	278	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	278	10	4.038ms	4.038ms	NUM
elsr-31049	278	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	278	12	indicating	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	278	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	278	14	smallest	small	ADJ
elsr-31049	278	15	discrepancy	discrepancy	NOUN
elsr-31049	278	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	279	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	279	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	279	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	279	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	279	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	279	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	279	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	279	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	279	9	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	280	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	280	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	280	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	280	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	280	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	280	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	280	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	280	8	95	95	NUM
elsr-31049	280	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	280	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	280	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	280	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	280	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	280	14	4.1.2.2	4.1.2.2	PRON
elsr-31049	280	15	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	280	16	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	280	17	figure	figure	VERB
elsr-31049	280	18	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	280	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	281	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	281	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	281	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	281	4	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	281	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	281	6	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	281	7	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	281	8	table	table	NOUN
elsr-31049	281	9	8	8	NUM
elsr-31049	281	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	282	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	282	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	282	4	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	282	6	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	282	7	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	8	variable	variable	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	9	name	name	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	10	variable	variable	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	11	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	12	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	13	size	size	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	14	mean	mean	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	15	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	16	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	17	deviation	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	18	f	f	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	19	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	20	p	p	PROPN
elsr-31049	282	21	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	22	1.0	1.0	NUM
elsr-31049	282	23	13	13	NUM
elsr-31049	282	24	18.269	18.269	NUM
elsr-31049	282	25	4.013	4.013	NUM
elsr-31049	282	26	mean	mean	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	27	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	28	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	282	29	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	282	30	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	282	31	2.0	2.0	NUM
elsr-31049	282	32	6	6	NUM
elsr-31049	282	33	16.200	16.200	NUM
elsr-31049	282	34	2.545	2.545	NUM
elsr-31049	282	35	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	36	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	37	6.0	6.0	NUM
elsr-31049	282	38	2	2	NUM
elsr-31049	282	39	18.150	18.150	NUM
elsr-31049	282	40	1.202	1.202	NUM
elsr-31049	282	41	4.0	4.0	NUM
elsr-31049	282	42	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	282	43	14.500	14.500	NUM
elsr-31049	282	44	1.153	1.153	NUM
elsr-31049	282	45	5.0	5.0	NUM
elsr-31049	282	46	2	2	NUM
elsr-31049	282	47	17.750	17.750	NUM
elsr-31049	282	48	1.202	1.202	NUM
elsr-31049	282	49	3.0	3.0	NUM
elsr-31049	282	50	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	282	51	14.375	14.375	NUM
elsr-31049	282	52	3.083	3.083	NUM
elsr-31049	282	53	total	total	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	54	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	282	55	16.917	16.917	NUM
elsr-31049	282	56	3.395	3.395	NUM
elsr-31049	282	57	1.380	1.380	NUM
elsr-31049	282	58	0.267	0.267	ADP
elsr-31049	282	59	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	282	60	p	p	PROPN
elsr-31049	282	61	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	62	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	282	63	anova	anova	PROPN
elsr-31049	282	64	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	282	65	0.267>0.05	0.267>0.05	PROPN
elsr-31049	282	66	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	282	67	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	282	68	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	282	69	same	same	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	70	token	token	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	71	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	282	72	insignificant	insignificant	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	73	result	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	74	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	282	75	shown	show	VERB
elsr-31049	282	76	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	282	77	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
elsr-31049	282	78	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	282	79	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	282	80	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	81	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	82	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	282	83	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	282	84	average	average	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	85	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	86	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	282	87	individual	individual	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	88	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	282	89	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	90	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	282	91	these	these	DET
elsr-31049	282	92	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	282	93	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	94	groups	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	282	95	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	282	96	detected	detect	VERB
elsr-31049	282	97	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	283	1	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	283	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	283	3	average	average	NOUN
elsr-31049	283	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	283	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	283	6	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	283	7	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	283	8	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	283	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	283	10	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	283	11	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	283	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	283	13	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	283	14	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	283	15	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	283	16	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	283	17	6	6	NUM
elsr-31049	283	18	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	283	19	respectively	respectively	ADV
elsr-31049	283	20	18.269ms	18.269ms	NUM
elsr-31049	283	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	283	22	16.200ms	16.200ms	NUM
elsr-31049	283	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	283	24	18.150ms	18.150ms	NUM
elsr-31049	283	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	283	26	14.500ms	14.500ms	NUM
elsr-31049	283	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	283	28	17.750ms	17.750ms	NUM
elsr-31049	283	29	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	283	30	14.375ms	14.375ms	NUM
elsr-31049	283	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	284	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	284	2	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	284	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	284	4	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	284	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	284	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	284	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	284	8	longest	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	284	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	284	10	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	284	11	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	284	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	284	13	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	284	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	284	15	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	284	16	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	284	17	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	284	18	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	285	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	285	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	285	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	285	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	285	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	285	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	285	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	285	8	96	96	NUM
elsr-31049	285	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	285	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	285	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	285	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	285	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	285	14	group	group	PROPN
elsr-31049	285	15	6	6	NUM
elsr-31049	285	16	comes	come	VERB
elsr-31049	285	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	285	18	second	second	ADJ
elsr-31049	285	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	285	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	285	21	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	285	22	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	285	23	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	285	24	5	5	NUM
elsr-31049	285	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	286	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	286	2	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	286	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	286	4	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	286	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	286	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	286	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	286	8	shortest	short	ADJ
elsr-31049	286	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	287	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	287	2	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	287	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	287	4	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	287	5	deviation	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	287	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	287	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	287	8	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	287	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	287	10	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	287	11	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	287	12	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	287	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	287	14	largest	large	ADJ
elsr-31049	287	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	287	16	4.013ms	4.013ms	NUM
elsr-31049	287	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	287	18	that	that	ADV
elsr-31049	287	19	is	is	ADV
elsr-31049	287	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	287	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	287	22	dispersion	dispersion	NOUN
elsr-31049	287	23	degree	degree	NOUN
elsr-31049	287	24	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	287	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	287	26	highest	high	ADJ
elsr-31049	287	27	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	287	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	287	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	287	30	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
elsr-31049	287	31	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	287	32	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	287	33	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	287	34	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	287	35	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	287	36	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	287	37	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	287	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	287	39	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	287	40	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	287	41	3.083ms	3.083ms	NUM
elsr-31049	287	42	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	288	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	288	2	general	general	ADJ
elsr-31049	288	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	288	4	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	288	5	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	288	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	288	7	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	288	8	voiceless	voiceless	NOUN
elsr-31049	288	9	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	288	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	288	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	288	12	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	288	13	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	288	14	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	288	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	288	16	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	288	17	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	288	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	288	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	288	20	southwest	southwest	NOUN
elsr-31049	288	21	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	288	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	288	23	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	288	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	288	25	longest	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	288	26	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	288	27	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	288	28	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	288	29	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	288	30	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	288	31	largest	large	ADJ
elsr-31049	288	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	289	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	289	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	289	3	aspect	aspect	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	289	5	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	289	6	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	289	8	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	9	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	289	10	has	have	VERB
elsr-31049	289	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	289	12	longest	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	289	13	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	289	14	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	15	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	289	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	289	18	major	major	ADJ
elsr-31049	289	19	divergence	divergence	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	20	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	289	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	289	22	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	23	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	289	24	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	25	2	2	NUM
elsr-31049	289	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	289	27	however	however	ADV
elsr-31049	289	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	289	29	perform	perform	VERB
elsr-31049	289	30	equivalently	equivalently	ADV
elsr-31049	289	31	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	289	32	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	33	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	289	34	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	289	35	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	36	as	as	ADV
elsr-31049	289	37	well	well	ADV
elsr-31049	289	38	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	289	39	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	289	40	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	41	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	289	42	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	289	43	small	small	ADJ
elsr-31049	289	44	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	289	45	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	46	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	289	47	subtle	subtle	ADJ
elsr-31049	289	48	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	289	49	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	290	1	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	290	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	290	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	290	4	following	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	290	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	290	6	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	290	7	focus	focus	VERB
elsr-31049	290	8	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	290	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	290	10	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	290	11	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	290	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	290	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	290	14	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	290	15	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	290	16	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	290	17	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	290	18	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	290	19	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	290	20	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	290	21	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	290	22	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	290	23	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	290	24	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	291	1	4.2	4.2	NUM
elsr-31049	291	2	discussions	discussion	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	3	4.2.1	4.2.1	NUM
elsr-31049	291	4	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	5	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	291	6	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	291	8	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	291	9	voiceless	voiceless	VERB
elsr-31049	291	10	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	291	11	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	291	13	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	291	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	291	15	perspective	perspective	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	291	17	t	t	PROPN
elsr-31049	291	18	test	test	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	291	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	291	21	p	p	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	22	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	23	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	291	24	0.503ms	0.503ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	291	26	indicating	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	291	27	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	291	28	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	291	29	lays	lay	VERB
elsr-31049	291	30	small	small	ADJ
elsr-31049	291	31	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	32	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	291	33	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	291	34	average	average	ADJ
elsr-31049	291	35	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	36	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	291	37	individual	individual	ADJ
elsr-31049	291	38	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	291	39	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	40	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	291	41	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	42	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	291	43	female	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	291	44	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	292	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	292	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	292	3	respect	respect	NOUN
elsr-31049	292	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	292	5	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	292	6	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	292	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	292	8	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	292	9	deviations	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	292	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	292	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	292	12	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	292	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	292	14	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	292	15	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	292	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	292	17	females	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	292	18	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	292	19	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	292	20	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	292	21	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	292	22	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	292	23	males	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	292	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	292	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	292	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	292	27	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	292	28	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	292	29	larger	large	ADJ
elsr-31049	292	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	293	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	293	2	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	293	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	293	4	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	293	5	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	293	6	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	293	7	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	293	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	293	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	293	10	p	p	NOUN
elsr-31049	293	11	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	293	12	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	293	13	0.633ms	0.633ms	NOUN
elsr-31049	293	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	293	15	indicating	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	293	16	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	293	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	293	18	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	293	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	293	20	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	293	21	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	293	22	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	293	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	293	24	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	293	25	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	293	26	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	293	27	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	293	28	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	293	29	simply	simply	ADV
elsr-31049	293	30	small	small	ADJ
elsr-31049	293	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	294	1	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	294	2	average	average	ADJ
elsr-31049	294	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	294	4	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	294	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	294	6	female	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	294	7	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	294	8	slightly	slightly	ADV
elsr-31049	294	9	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	294	10	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	294	11	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	294	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	294	13	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	294	14	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	294	15	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	294	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	294	17	aspect	aspect	NOUN
elsr-31049	294	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	294	19	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	294	20	deviations	deviation	NOUN
elsr-31049	294	21	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	294	22	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
elsr-31049	294	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	294	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	294	25	data	data	NOUN
elsr-31049	294	26	distribution	distribution	NOUN
elsr-31049	294	27	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	294	28	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	294	29	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	294	30	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	294	31	discrete	discrete	ADJ
elsr-31049	294	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	295	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	295	2	above	above	ADJ
elsr-31049	295	3	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-31049	295	4	shows	show	VERB
elsr-31049	295	5	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	295	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	295	7	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	295	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	295	9	no	no	PRON
elsr-31049	295	10	matter	matter	NOUN
elsr-31049	295	11	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	295	12	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	295	13	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	295	14	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	295	15	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	295	16	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	295	17	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	295	18	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	295	19	females	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	295	20	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	295	21	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	295	22	males	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	295	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	295	24	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	295	25	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	295	26	consistent	consistent	ADJ
elsr-31049	295	27	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	295	28	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	295	29	previous	previous	ADJ
elsr-31049	295	30	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	295	31	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	295	32	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	295	33	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	295	34	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	295	35	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	295	36	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	295	37	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	295	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	296	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	296	2	instance	instance	NOUN
elsr-31049	296	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	296	4	swartz	swartz	PROPN
elsr-31049	296	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	296	6	1992	1992	NUM
elsr-31049	296	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	296	8	found	find	VERB
elsr-31049	296	9	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	296	10	significantly	significantly	ADV
elsr-31049	296	11	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	296	12	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	296	13	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	296	14	produced	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	296	15	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	296	16	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	296	17	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	296	18	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	296	19	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	296	20	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	296	21	voiceless	voiceless	VERB
elsr-31049	296	22	alveolar	alveolar	ADJ
elsr-31049	296	23	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	296	24	than	than	SCONJ
elsr-31049	296	25	male	male	ADJ
elsr-31049	296	26	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	296	27	did	do	VERB
elsr-31049	296	28	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	296	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	296	30	same	same	ADJ
elsr-31049	296	31	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	296	32	production	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	296	33	task	task	NOUN
elsr-31049	296	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	297	1	although	although	SCONJ
elsr-31049	297	2	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	297	3	lays	lay	VERB
elsr-31049	297	4	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	297	5	variety	variety	NOUN
elsr-31049	297	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	297	7	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	297	8	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	297	9	linked	link	VERB
elsr-31049	297	10	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	297	11	diversities	diversity	NOUN
elsr-31049	297	12	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	297	13	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	297	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	297	15	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	297	16	satisfactory	satisfactory	ADJ
elsr-31049	297	17	explanation	explanation	NOUN
elsr-31049	297	18	concerning	concern	VERB
elsr-31049	297	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	297	20	reasons	reason	NOUN
elsr-31049	297	21	why	why	SCONJ
elsr-31049	297	22	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	297	23	temporal	temporal	ADJ
elsr-31049	297	24	measure	measure	NOUN
elsr-31049	297	25	like	like	ADP
elsr-31049	297	26	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	297	27	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	297	28	supposed	suppose	VERB
elsr-31049	297	29	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	297	30	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	297	31	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	297	32	across	across	ADP
elsr-31049	297	33	genders	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	297	34	has	have	AUX
elsr-31049	297	35	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	297	36	been	be	AUX
elsr-31049	297	37	offered	offer	VERB
elsr-31049	297	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	298	1	more	more	ADJ
elsr-31049	298	2	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	298	3	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	298	4	these	these	DET
elsr-31049	298	5	issues	issue	NOUN
elsr-31049	298	6	become	become	AUX
elsr-31049	298	7	warranted	warrant	VERB
elsr-31049	298	8	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	298	9	meanwhile	meanwhile	ADV
elsr-31049	298	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	298	11	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	298	12	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
elsr-31049	298	13	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
elsr-31049	298	14	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	298	15	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	298	16	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	298	17	made	make	VERB
elsr-31049	298	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	298	19	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	298	20	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	298	21	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	298	22	follows	follow	NOUN
elsr-31049	298	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	299	1	physiologically	physiologically	ADV
elsr-31049	299	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	299	3	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	299	4	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	299	5	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	299	6	respiratory	respiratory	ADJ
elsr-31049	299	7	function	function	NOUN
elsr-31049	299	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	299	9	laryngeal	laryngeal	ADJ
elsr-31049	299	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	299	11	supralaryngeal	supralaryngeal	ADJ
elsr-31049	299	12	behavior	behavior	NOUN
elsr-31049	299	13	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	299	14	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	299	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	299	16	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	299	17	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	299	18	been	be	AUX
elsr-31049	299	19	documented	document	VERB
elsr-31049	299	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	300	1	presumably	presumably	ADV
elsr-31049	300	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	300	3	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
elsr-31049	300	4	biological	biological	ADJ
elsr-31049	300	5	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
elsr-31049	300	6	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	300	7	reflected	reflect	VERB
elsr-31049	300	8	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	300	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	300	10	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	300	11	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	300	12	figured	figure	VERB
elsr-31049	300	13	out	out	ADP
elsr-31049	300	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	300	15	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	300	16	production	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	300	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	300	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	300	19	diverse	diverse	ADJ
elsr-31049	300	20	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	300	21	subsystems	subsystem	NOUN
elsr-31049	300	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	301	1	take	take	VERB
elsr-31049	301	2	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	301	3	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	301	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	301	5	prevocalic	prevocalic	ADJ
elsr-31049	301	6	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	301	7	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	301	8	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	301	9	example	example	NOUN
elsr-31049	301	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	301	11	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	301	12	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	301	13	associated	associate	VERB
elsr-31049	301	14	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	301	15	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	301	16	oral	oral	ADJ
elsr-31049	301	17	pressure	pressure	NOUN
elsr-31049	301	18	compared	compare	VERB
elsr-31049	301	19	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	301	20	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	301	21	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	301	22	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	301	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	302	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
elsr-31049	302	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	302	3	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	302	4	characteristic	characteristic	ADJ
elsr-31049	302	5	feature	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	302	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	302	7	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	302	8	phonation	phonation	NOUN
elsr-31049	302	9	noted	note	VERB
elsr-31049	302	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	302	11	bless	bless	NOUN
elsr-31049	302	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	302	13	abbs	abbs	NOUN
elsr-31049	302	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	302	15	serves	serve	VERB
elsr-31049	302	16	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	302	17	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	302	18	posterior	posterior	ADJ
elsr-31049	302	19	glottal	glottal	ADJ
elsr-31049	302	20	opening	opening	NOUN
elsr-31049	302	21	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	302	22	chink	chink	NOUN
elsr-31049	302	23	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	302	24	occurs	occur	VERB
elsr-31049	302	25	within	within	ADP
elsr-31049	302	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	302	27	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	302	28	fold	fold	ADJ
elsr-31049	302	29	closing	closing	NOUN
elsr-31049	302	30	duration	duration	NOUN
elsr-31049	302	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	302	32	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	302	33	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	302	34	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	302	35	leak	leak	NOUN
elsr-31049	302	36	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	302	37	airstream	airstream	PROPN
elsr-31049	302	38	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	302	39	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	302	40	supralaryngeal	supralaryngeal	ADJ
elsr-31049	302	41	space	space	NOUN
elsr-31049	302	42	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	303	1	within	within	ADP
elsr-31049	303	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	303	3	context	context	NOUN
elsr-31049	303	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	303	5	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	303	6	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	303	7	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	303	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	303	9	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	303	10	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	303	11	presumably	presumably	ADV
elsr-31049	303	12	more	more	ADJ
elsr-31049	303	13	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	303	14	escapes	escape	VERB
elsr-31049	303	15	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	303	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	303	17	supralaryngeal	supralaryngeal	ADJ
elsr-31049	303	18	space	space	NOUN
elsr-31049	303	19	prior	prior	ADV
elsr-31049	303	20	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	303	21	vowel	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	303	22	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	303	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	303	24	leading	lead	VERB
elsr-31049	303	25	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	303	26	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	303	27	oral	oral	ADJ
elsr-31049	303	28	pressure	pressure	NOUN
elsr-31049	303	29	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	303	30	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	303	31	compared	compare	VERB
elsr-31049	303	32	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	303	33	male	male	ADJ
elsr-31049	303	34	addressers	addresser	NOUN
elsr-31049	303	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	304	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	304	2	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	304	3	oral	oral	ADJ
elsr-31049	304	4	pressure	pressure	NOUN
elsr-31049	304	5	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	304	6	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	304	7	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	304	8	intervals	interval	NOUN
elsr-31049	304	9	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	304	10	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	304	11	burst	burst	NOUN
elsr-31049	304	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	304	13	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	304	14	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	304	15	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	304	16	michael	michael	PROPN
elsr-31049	304	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	304	18	2005	2005	NUM
elsr-31049	304	19	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	304	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	305	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	305	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	305	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	305	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	305	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	305	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	305	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	305	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	305	9	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	306	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	306	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	306	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	306	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	306	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	306	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	306	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	306	8	97	97	NUM
elsr-31049	306	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	306	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	306	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	306	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	306	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	307	1	although	although	SCONJ
elsr-31049	307	2	biological	biological	ADJ
elsr-31049	307	3	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	307	4	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	307	5	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	307	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	307	7	underlying	underlie	VERB
elsr-31049	307	8	consequences	consequence	NOUN
elsr-31049	307	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	307	10	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	307	11	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	307	12	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	307	13	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	307	14	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	307	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	307	16	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	307	17	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	307	18	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	307	19	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	307	20	sociophonetic	sociophonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	307	21	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	307	22	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	307	23	presumably	presumably	ADV
elsr-31049	307	24	contribute	contribute	VERB
elsr-31049	307	25	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	307	26	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	307	27	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	307	28	as	as	ADV
elsr-31049	307	29	well	well	ADV
elsr-31049	307	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	308	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	308	2	instance	instance	NOUN
elsr-31049	308	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	308	4	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	308	5	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	308	6	correlated	correlate	VERB
elsr-31049	308	7	negatively	negatively	ADV
elsr-31049	308	8	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	308	9	increases	increase	NOUN
elsr-31049	308	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	308	11	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	308	12	rates	rate	NOUN
elsr-31049	308	13	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	308	14	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	308	15	durations	duration	NOUN
elsr-31049	308	16	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	308	17	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	308	18	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	308	19	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	308	20	say	say	VERB
elsr-31049	308	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	308	22	slower	slower	ADJ
elsr-31049	308	23	speaking	speak	VERB
elsr-31049	308	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	308	25	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	308	26	producing	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	308	27	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	308	28	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	308	29	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	308	30	duration	duration	NOUN
elsr-31049	308	31	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	308	32	result	result	VERB
elsr-31049	308	33	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	308	34	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	308	35	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	308	36	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	308	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	308	38	especially	especially	ADV
elsr-31049	308	39	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	308	40	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	308	41	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	308	42	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	309	1	thereby	thereby	ADV
elsr-31049	309	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	309	3	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	309	4	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	309	5	would	would	AUX
elsr-31049	309	6	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	309	7	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	309	8	conspicuous	conspicuous	ADJ
elsr-31049	309	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	309	10	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	309	11	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	309	12	if	if	SCONJ
elsr-31049	309	13	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	309	14	exist	exist	VERB
elsr-31049	309	15	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	309	16	speaking	speak	VERB
elsr-31049	309	17	rates	rate	NOUN
elsr-31049	309	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	310	1	cheshire	cheshire	PROPN
elsr-31049	310	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	310	3	2005	2005	NUM
elsr-31049	310	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	310	5	stated	state	VERB
elsr-31049	310	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	310	7	females	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	310	9	males	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	10	differ	differ	VERB
elsr-31049	310	11	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	310	12	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	310	13	general	general	ADJ
elsr-31049	310	14	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	15	patterns	pattern	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	310	17	with	with	SCONJ
elsr-31049	310	18	females	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	19	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	310	20	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	310	21	inclination	inclination	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	22	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	310	23	employ	employ	VERB
elsr-31049	310	24	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	310	25	carefully	carefully	ADV
elsr-31049	310	26	articulated	articulate	VERB
elsr-31049	310	27	speeches	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	310	29	adopt	adopt	VERB
elsr-31049	310	30	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	310	31	speaking	speak	VERB
elsr-31049	310	32	style	style	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	33	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	310	34	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	310	35	thus	thus	ADV
elsr-31049	310	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	310	37	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	310	38	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	310	39	sex	sex	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	40	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	310	41	related	relate	VERB
elsr-31049	310	42	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	43	patterns	pattern	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	44	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	310	45	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	310	46	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	310	47	possible	possible	ADJ
elsr-31049	310	48	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	310	49	speaking	speak	VERB
elsr-31049	310	50	rate	rate	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	51	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	52	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	310	53	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	54	duration	duration	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	55	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	310	56	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	310	57	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	310	58	responsible	responsible	ADJ
elsr-31049	310	59	reasons	reason	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	60	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	310	61	addition	addition	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	62	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	310	63	biological	biological	ADJ
elsr-31049	310	64	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
elsr-31049	310	65	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	311	1	4.2.2	4.2.2	NUM
elsr-31049	311	2	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	311	3	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	311	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	311	5	above	above	ADJ
elsr-31049	311	6	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-31049	311	7	shows	show	VERB
elsr-31049	311	8	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	311	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	311	10	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	311	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	311	12	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	311	13	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	311	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	311	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	311	16	p	p	ADJ
elsr-31049	311	17	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	311	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	311	19	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	311	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	311	21	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	311	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	311	23	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	311	24	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	311	25	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	311	26	0.419	0.419	NUM
elsr-31049	311	27	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	311	28	0.267	0.267	NUM
elsr-31049	311	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	311	30	being	be	AUX
elsr-31049	311	31	both	both	CCONJ
elsr-31049	311	32	larger	large	ADJ
elsr-31049	311	33	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	311	34	0.05	0.05	NUM
elsr-31049	311	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	311	36	indicating	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	311	37	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	311	38	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	311	39	is	be	VERB
elsr-31049	311	40	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	311	41	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	311	42	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	311	43	among	among	ADP
elsr-31049	311	44	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	311	45	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	311	46	groups	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	311	47	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	312	1	nonetheless	nonetheless	ADV
elsr-31049	312	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	312	3	what	what	PRON
elsr-31049	312	4	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	312	5	noteworthy	noteworthy	ADJ
elsr-31049	312	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	312	7	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	312	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	312	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	312	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	312	11	process	process	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	312	13	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elsr-31049	312	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	312	16	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	312	17	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	312	18	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	312	19	found	find	VERB
elsr-31049	312	20	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	312	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	312	22	mean	mean	ADJ
elsr-31049	312	23	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	312	25	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	26	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	312	27	southwest	southwest	PROPN
elsr-31049	312	28	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	312	29	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	30	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	312	31	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	312	32	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	312	33	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	34	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	312	35	relatively	relatively	ADV
elsr-31049	312	36	longer	long	ADV
elsr-31049	312	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	312	38	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	312	39	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	312	40	corresponding	corresponding	ADJ
elsr-31049	312	41	dispersion	dispersion	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	42	degrees	degree	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	43	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	312	44	namely	namely	ADV
elsr-31049	312	45	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	312	46	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	312	47	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	48	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	312	49	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	312	50	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	312	51	hence	hence	ADV
elsr-31049	312	52	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	312	53	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	312	54	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	55	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	56	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	312	57	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	312	58	aforementioned	aforementioned	ADJ
elsr-31049	312	59	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	312	60	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	61	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	312	62	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	312	63	potential	potential	ADJ
elsr-31049	312	64	reasons	reason	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	65	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	312	66	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	312	67	correlated	correlate	VERB
elsr-31049	312	68	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	69	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	312	70	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	312	71	analyzed	analyze	VERB
elsr-31049	312	72	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	312	73	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	312	74	following	following	ADJ
elsr-31049	312	75	part	part	NOUN
elsr-31049	312	76	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	313	1	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	313	2	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	313	3	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	313	4	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
elsr-31049	313	5	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	313	6	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	313	7	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	313	8	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	313	9	variants	variant	NOUN
elsr-31049	313	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	313	11	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	313	12	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	313	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	314	1	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	314	2	belongs	belong	VERB
elsr-31049	314	3	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	314	4	sinotibetan	sinotibetan	ADJ
elsr-31049	314	5	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	314	6	family	family	NOUN
elsr-31049	314	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	314	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	314	9	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	314	10	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	314	11	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	314	12	indo	indo	NOUN
elsr-31049	314	13	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	314	14	european	european	ADJ
elsr-31049	314	15	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	314	16	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	314	17	thereby	thereby	ADV
elsr-31049	314	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	314	19	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	314	20	phonological	phonological	ADJ
elsr-31049	314	21	systems	system	NOUN
elsr-31049	314	22	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	314	23	distinct	distinct	ADJ
elsr-31049	314	24	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	315	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	315	2	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	315	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	315	4	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	315	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	315	6	although	although	SCONJ
elsr-31049	315	7	lisker	lisker	NOUN
elsr-31049	315	8	classifies	classify	VERB
elsr-31049	315	9	both	both	CCONJ
elsr-31049	315	10	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	315	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	315	12	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	315	13	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	315	14	secondcategory	secondcategory	NOUN
elsr-31049	315	15	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	315	16	according	accord	VERB
elsr-31049	315	17	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	315	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	315	19	parameter	parameter	NOUN
elsr-31049	315	20	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	315	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	315	22	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	315	23	factually	factually	ADV
elsr-31049	315	24	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	315	25	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	315	26	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
elsr-31049	315	27	features	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	315	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	316	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
elsr-31049	316	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	316	3	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	316	4	is	be	VERB
elsr-31049	316	5	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	316	6	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	316	7	consonant	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	316	8	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	316	9	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	316	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	316	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	316	12	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	316	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	316	14	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	316	15	meanings	meaning	NOUN
elsr-31049	316	16	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	316	17	determined	determine	VERB
elsr-31049	316	18	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	316	19	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	316	20	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	316	21	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	316	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	316	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	316	24	[	[	X
elsr-31049	316	25	b	b	X
elsr-31049	316	26	]	]	X
elsr-31049	316	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	316	28	[	[	X
elsr-31049	316	29	d	d	X
elsr-31049	316	30	]	]	X
elsr-31049	316	31	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	316	32	[	[	X
elsr-31049	316	33	g	g	X
elsr-31049	316	34	]	]	PUNCT
elsr-31049	316	35	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	316	36	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	316	37	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	316	38	estimated	estimate	VERB
elsr-31049	316	39	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	316	40	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	316	41	close	close	ADJ
elsr-31049	316	42	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	316	43	[	[	X
elsr-31049	316	44	p	p	X
elsr-31049	316	45	]	]	X
elsr-31049	316	46	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	316	47	[	[	X
elsr-31049	316	48	t	t	X
elsr-31049	316	49	]	]	PUNCT
elsr-31049	316	50	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	317	1	[	[	X
elsr-31049	317	2	k	k	X
elsr-31049	317	3	]	]	X
elsr-31049	317	4	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	317	5	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	317	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	318	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	318	2	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	318	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	318	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	318	5	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
elsr-31049	318	6	feature	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	318	7	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	318	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	318	9	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	318	10	contrast	contrast	NOUN
elsr-31049	318	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	318	12	rather	rather	ADV
elsr-31049	318	13	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	318	14	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	318	15	contrast	contrast	NOUN
elsr-31049	318	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	319	1	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	319	2	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	319	3	shown	show	VERB
elsr-31049	319	4	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	319	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	319	6	interference	interference	NOUN
elsr-31049	319	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	319	8	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	319	9	initials	initial	NOUN
elsr-31049	319	10	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	319	11	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	319	12	consonant	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	319	13	productions	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	319	14	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	319	15	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	319	16	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	319	17	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	319	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	319	19	finals	final	NOUN
elsr-31049	319	20	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	319	21	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	319	22	vowel	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	319	23	pronunciations	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	319	24	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	320	1	4.2.2.1	4.2.2.1	NUM
elsr-31049	320	2	southwest	southwest	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	3	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	4	southwest	southwest	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	5	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	320	7	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	320	8	branch	branch	NOUN
elsr-31049	320	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	320	10	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	11	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	320	13	being	be	AUX
elsr-31049	320	14	mainly	mainly	ADV
elsr-31049	320	15	distributed	distribute	VERB
elsr-31049	320	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	320	17	sichuan	sichuan	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	320	19	chongqing	chongqing	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	320	21	yunnan	yunnan	NOUN
elsr-31049	320	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	320	23	guizhou	guizhou	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	24	areas	area	NOUN
elsr-31049	320	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	320	26	as	as	ADV
elsr-31049	320	27	well	well	ADV
elsr-31049	320	28	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	320	29	most	most	ADJ
elsr-31049	320	30	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	320	31	hubei	hubei	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	320	33	northwestern	northwestern	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	34	hunan	hunan	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	320	36	northern	northern	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	37	guangxi	guangxi	PROPN
elsr-31049	320	38	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	320	39	southern	southern	ADJ
elsr-31049	320	40	shaanxi	shaanxi	NOUN
elsr-31049	320	41	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	320	42	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	320	43	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	320	44	dialect	dialect	ADJ
elsr-31049	320	45	islands	island	NOUN
elsr-31049	320	46	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	320	47	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	320	48	regions	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	320	49	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	321	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	321	2	definition	definition	NOUN
elsr-31049	321	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	321	4	southwest	southwest	NOUN
elsr-31049	321	5	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	321	6	given	give	VERB
elsr-31049	321	7	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	321	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	321	9	atlas	atlas	PROPN
elsr-31049	321	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	321	11	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	321	12	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	321	13	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	321	14	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	321	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	321	16	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	321	17	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	321	18	used	use	VERB
elsr-31049	321	19	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	321	20	southwest	southwest	PROPN
elsr-31049	321	21	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	321	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	321	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	321	24	surrounding	surround	VERB
elsr-31049	321	25	areas	area	NOUN
elsr-31049	321	26	thereof	thereof	ADV
elsr-31049	321	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	321	28	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	321	29	entering	enter	VERB
elsr-31049	321	30	tone	tone	NOUN
elsr-31049	321	31	assigned	assign	VERB
elsr-31049	321	32	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	321	33	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	321	34	tone	tone	NOUN
elsr-31049	321	35	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	321	36	similar	similar	ADJ
elsr-31049	321	37	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	321	38	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	321	39	one	one	NOUN
elsr-31049	321	40	used	use	VERB
elsr-31049	321	41	commonly	commonly	ADV
elsr-31049	321	42	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	321	43	chengdu	chengdu	PROPN
elsr-31049	321	44	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	321	45	wuhan	wuhan	PROPN
elsr-31049	321	46	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	321	47	chongqing	chongqing	PROPN
elsr-31049	321	48	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	321	49	changde	changde	NOUN
elsr-31049	321	50	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	321	51	guiyang	guiyang	PROPN
elsr-31049	321	52	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	321	53	kunming	kunming	PROPN
elsr-31049	321	54	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	321	55	guilin	guilin	PROPN
elsr-31049	321	56	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	321	57	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	322	1	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	322	2	has	have	VERB
elsr-31049	322	3	28	28	NUM
elsr-31049	322	4	consonant	consonant	ADJ
elsr-31049	322	5	phonemes	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	322	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	322	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	322	8	southwest	southwest	NOUN
elsr-31049	322	9	mandarin	mandarin	PROPN
elsr-31049	322	10	has	have	VERB
elsr-31049	322	11	28	28	NUM
elsr-31049	322	12	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	322	13	34	34	NUM
elsr-31049	322	14	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	322	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	323	1	although	although	SCONJ
elsr-31049	323	2	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	323	3	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	323	4	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	323	5	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	323	6	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
elsr-31049	323	7	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	323	8	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	323	9	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	323	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	323	11	written	write	VERB
elsr-31049	323	12	form	form	NOUN
elsr-31049	323	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	323	14	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	323	15	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	323	16	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	323	17	thoroughly	thoroughly	ADV
elsr-31049	323	18	corresponding	corresponding	ADJ
elsr-31049	323	19	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	323	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	323	21	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	323	22	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	323	23	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
elsr-31049	323	24	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	323	25	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	323	26	distinct	distinct	ADJ
elsr-31049	323	27	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	323	28	zhu	zhu	PROPN
elsr-31049	323	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	323	30	2010	2010	NUM
elsr-31049	323	31	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	323	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	324	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	324	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	324	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	324	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	324	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	324	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	324	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	324	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	324	9	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	325	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	325	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	325	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	325	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	325	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	325	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	325	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	325	8	98	98	NUM
elsr-31049	325	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	325	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	325	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	325	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	325	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	325	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	325	15	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	325	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	325	17	initials	initial	NOUN
elsr-31049	325	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	325	19	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	325	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	325	21	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	325	22	major	major	ADJ
elsr-31049	325	23	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
elsr-31049	325	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	325	25	southwest	southwest	PROPN
elsr-31049	325	26	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	325	27	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	325	28	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	325	29	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	325	30	is	be	VERB
elsr-31049	325	31	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	325	32	distinction	distinction	NOUN
elsr-31049	325	33	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	325	34	blade	blade	NOUN
elsr-31049	325	35	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	325	36	alveolar	alveolar	ADJ
elsr-31049	325	37	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	325	38	cacuminal	cacuminal	ADJ
elsr-31049	325	39	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	325	40	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	325	41	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	325	42	cases	case	NOUN
elsr-31049	325	43	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	325	44	cacuminal	cacuminal	ADJ
elsr-31049	325	45	even	even	ADV
elsr-31049	325	46	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	325	47	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	325	48	regarded	regard	VERB
elsr-31049	325	49	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	325	50	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	325	51	absent	absent	ADJ
elsr-31049	325	52	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	1	/zh/	/zh/	NOUN
elsr-31049	326	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	3	/ch/	/ch/	PROPN
elsr-31049	326	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	326	5	/sh/	/sh/	PROPN
elsr-31049	326	6	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	326	7	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	326	8	all	all	PRON
elsr-31049	326	9	supplanted	supplant	VERB
elsr-31049	326	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	326	11	/z/	/z/	ADP
elsr-31049	326	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	13	/c/	/c/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	326	15	/s/.	/s/.	NOUN
elsr-31049	326	16	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	326	17	example	example	NOUN
elsr-31049	326	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	19	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	20	sichuan	sichuan	X
elsr-31049	326	21	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	22	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	326	23	pronounced	pronounce	VERB
elsr-31049	326	24	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	326	25	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	26	sicuan	sicuan	NOUN
elsr-31049	326	27	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	28	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	29	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	30	zhi	zhi	PROPN
elsr-31049	326	31	chi	chi	PROPN
elsr-31049	326	32	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	33	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	326	34	pronounced	pronounce	VERB
elsr-31049	326	35	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	326	36	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	37	zi	zi	X
elsr-31049	326	38	ci	ci	PROPN
elsr-31049	326	39	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	40	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	41	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	42	li	li	PROPN
elsr-31049	326	43	shi	shi	PROPN
elsr-31049	326	44	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	45	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	326	46	pronounced	pronounce	VERB
elsr-31049	326	47	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	326	48	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	49	li	li	X
elsr-31049	326	50	si	si	PROPN
elsr-31049	326	51	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	52	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	53	zheng	zheng	PROPN
elsr-31049	326	54	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	55	li	li	PROPN
elsr-31049	326	56	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	57	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	326	58	qing	qing	PROPN
elsr-31049	326	59	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	60	2012	2012	NUM
elsr-31049	326	61	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	62	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-31049	326	63	92	92	NUM
elsr-31049	326	64	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	326	65	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	327	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	327	2	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	327	3	precious	precious	ADJ
elsr-31049	327	4	interview	interview	NOUN
elsr-31049	327	5	conducted	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	327	6	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	327	7	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	327	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	327	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	327	10	interviewees	interviewee	NOUN
elsr-31049	327	11	described	describe	VERB
elsr-31049	327	12	themselves	themselves	PRON
elsr-31049	327	13	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	327	14	rarely	rarely	ADV
elsr-31049	327	15	having	have	VERB
elsr-31049	327	16	tongue	tongue	NOUN
elsr-31049	327	17	tip	tip	NOUN
elsr-31049	327	18	roll	roll	VERB
elsr-31049	327	19	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	327	20	up	up	NOUN
elsr-31049	327	21	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	327	22	daily	daily	ADJ
elsr-31049	327	23	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-31049	327	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	327	25	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	327	26	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	327	27	generally	generally	ADV
elsr-31049	327	28	low	low	ADJ
elsr-31049	327	29	tongue	tongue	NOUN
elsr-31049	327	30	position	position	NOUN
elsr-31049	327	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	327	32	relaxed	relax	VERB
elsr-31049	327	33	facial	facial	ADJ
elsr-31049	327	34	muscles	muscle	NOUN
elsr-31049	327	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	1	similar	similar	ADJ
elsr-31049	328	2	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	3	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	328	4	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	328	5	shown	show	VERB
elsr-31049	328	6	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	328	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	328	8	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	328	9	/r/.	/r/.	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	328	11	southwestern	southwestern	ADJ
elsr-31049	328	12	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	328	15	tongue	tongue	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	16	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	328	17	almost	almost	ADV
elsr-31049	328	18	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	328	19	roll	roll	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	20	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	21	up	up	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	22	during	during	ADP
elsr-31049	328	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	328	24	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	328	26	/r/	/r/	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	28	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	328	29	then	then	ADV
elsr-31049	328	30	sounds	sound	VERB
elsr-31049	328	31	similar	similar	ADJ
elsr-31049	328	32	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	328	33	/z/.	/z/.	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	34	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	328	35	addition	addition	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	37	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	328	38	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	328	39	sort	sort	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	40	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	328	41	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	42	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	43	most	most	ADJ
elsr-31049	328	44	/b/	/b/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	45	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	328	46	/p/	/p/	AUX
elsr-31049	328	47	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	328	48	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	328	49	distinguishable	distinguishable	ADJ
elsr-31049	328	50	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	51	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-31049	328	52	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	328	53	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	328	54	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	328	55	few	few	ADJ
elsr-31049	328	56	exceptions	exception	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	57	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	58	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	328	59	instance	instance	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	60	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	61	generally	generally	ADV
elsr-31049	328	62	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	63	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	64	pubian	pubian	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	65	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	66	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	328	67	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	328	68	often	often	ADV
elsr-31049	328	69	pronounced	pronounce	VERB
elsr-31049	328	70	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	328	71	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	72	pupian	pupian	NOUN
elsr-31049	328	73	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	74	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	75	zhu	zhu	PROPN
elsr-31049	328	76	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	77	2010	2010	NUM
elsr-31049	328	78	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	328	79	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	329	1	thereby	thereby	ADV
elsr-31049	329	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	329	3	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	329	4	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	329	5	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	329	6	inferred	infer	VERB
elsr-31049	329	7	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	329	8	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	329	9	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	329	10	habit	habit	NOUN
elsr-31049	329	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	329	12	initials	initial	NOUN
elsr-31049	329	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	329	14	southwest	southwest	PROPN
elsr-31049	329	15	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	329	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	329	17	namely	namely	ADV
elsr-31049	329	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	329	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	329	20	inclination	inclination	NOUN
elsr-31049	329	21	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	329	22	turning	turn	VERB
elsr-31049	329	23	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	329	24	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	329	25	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	329	26	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	329	27	ones	one	NOUN
elsr-31049	329	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	329	29	has	have	VERB
elsr-31049	329	30	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	329	31	potential	potential	ADJ
elsr-31049	329	32	influence	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	329	33	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	329	34	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	329	35	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	329	36	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	329	37	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	329	38	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	329	39	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	330	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	330	2	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
elsr-31049	330	3	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	330	4	consistent	consistent	ADJ
elsr-31049	330	5	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	330	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	330	7	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	330	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	330	9	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	330	10	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	330	11	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	330	12	shows	show	VERB
elsr-31049	330	13	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	330	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	330	15	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	330	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	330	17	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	330	18	voiceless	voiceless	NOUN
elsr-31049	330	19	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	330	20	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	330	21	southwest	southwest	ADJ
elsr-31049	330	22	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	330	23	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	330	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	330	25	longest	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	330	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	330	27	while	while	SCONJ
elsr-31049	330	28	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	330	29	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	330	30	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	330	31	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	330	32	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	330	33	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	330	34	shortest	short	ADJ
elsr-31049	330	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	331	1	4.2.2.2	4.2.2.2	NUM
elsr-31049	331	2	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	3	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	4	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	5	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	331	7	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	331	8	dubbed	dub	VERB
elsr-31049	331	9	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	331	10	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	11	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	331	13	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	331	14	primarily	primarily	ADV
elsr-31049	331	15	distributed	distribute	VERB
elsr-31049	331	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	331	17	fujian	fujian	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	331	19	southern	southern	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	20	zhejiang	zhejiang	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	331	22	taiwan	taiwan	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	331	24	guangdong	guangdong	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	331	26	hainan	hainan	PROPN
elsr-31049	331	27	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	331	28	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	331	29	regions	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	331	30	overseas	overseas	ADV
elsr-31049	331	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	332	1	li	li	PROPN
elsr-31049	332	2	rong	rong	PROPN
elsr-31049	332	3	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	332	4	1989	1989	NUM
elsr-31049	332	5	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	332	6	pointed	point	VERB
elsr-31049	332	7	out	out	ADP
elsr-31049	332	8	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	332	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	332	10	ancient	ancient	ADJ
elsr-31049	332	11	total	total	ADJ
elsr-31049	332	12	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	332	13	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	332	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	332	15	fujian	fujian	PROPN
elsr-31049	332	16	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	332	17	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	332	18	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	332	19	gradually	gradually	ADV
elsr-31049	332	20	realized	realize	VERB
elsr-31049	332	21	devocalization	devocalization	NOUN
elsr-31049	332	22	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	332	23	nowadays	nowadays	ADV
elsr-31049	332	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	332	25	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
elsr-31049	332	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	332	27	during	during	ADP
elsr-31049	332	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	332	29	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	332	30	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	332	31	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	332	32	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	332	33	fricative	fricative	ADJ
elsr-31049	332	34	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	332	35	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	332	36	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	332	37	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	332	38	absent	absent	ADJ
elsr-31049	332	39	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	332	40	more	more	ADJ
elsr-31049	332	41	characters	character	NOUN
elsr-31049	332	42	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	332	43	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	332	44	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	332	45	contradicts	contradict	VERB
elsr-31049	332	46	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	332	47	convention	convention	NOUN
elsr-31049	332	48	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	332	49	many	many	ADJ
elsr-31049	332	50	ancient	ancient	ADJ
elsr-31049	332	51	total	total	ADJ
elsr-31049	332	52	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	332	53	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	332	54	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	332	55	aspirated	aspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	332	56	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	332	57	most	most	ADJ
elsr-31049	332	58	fujian	fujian	ADJ
elsr-31049	332	59	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	332	60	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	333	1	li	li	PROPN
elsr-31049	333	2	xiaofan	xiaofan	PROPN
elsr-31049	333	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	333	4	xiang	xiang	PROPN
elsr-31049	333	5	mengbing	mengbing	NOUN
elsr-31049	333	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	333	7	2009	2009	NUM
elsr-31049	333	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	333	9	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	333	10	pointed	point	VERB
elsr-31049	333	11	out	out	ADP
elsr-31049	333	12	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	333	13	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	333	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	333	15	ancient	ancient	ADJ
elsr-31049	333	16	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	333	17	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	333	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	333	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	333	20	total	total	ADJ
elsr-31049	333	21	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	333	22	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	333	23	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	333	24	become	become	VERB
elsr-31049	333	25	devoicing	devoicing	NOUN
elsr-31049	333	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	333	27	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	333	28	now	now	ADV
elsr-31049	333	29	most	most	ADJ
elsr-31049	333	30	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	333	31	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	333	32	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	333	33	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	333	34	affricates	affricate	NOUN
elsr-31049	333	35	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	333	36	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	333	37	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	333	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	333	39	with	with	SCONJ
elsr-31049	333	40	few	few	ADJ
elsr-31049	333	41	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	333	42	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
elsr-31049	333	43	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	333	44	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	334	1	this	this	PRON
elsr-31049	334	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
elsr-31049	334	3	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	334	4	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	334	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	334	6	min	min	NOUN
elsr-31049	334	7	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	334	8	tend	tend	VERB
elsr-31049	334	9	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	334	10	make	make	VERB
elsr-31049	334	11	sound	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	334	12	unaspriated	unaspriated	ADJ
elsr-31049	334	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	334	14	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	334	15	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	334	16	cord	cord	NOUN
elsr-31049	334	17	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	334	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	335	1	take	take	VERB
elsr-31049	335	2	hokkien	hokkien	PROPN
elsr-31049	335	3	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	335	4	southern	southern	ADJ
elsr-31049	335	5	fujian	fujian	PROPN
elsr-31049	335	6	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	335	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	335	8	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	335	9	example	example	NOUN
elsr-31049	335	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	335	11	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	335	12	accordance	accordance	NOUN
elsr-31049	335	13	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	335	14	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	335	15	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	335	16	was	be	VERB
elsr-31049	335	17	no	no	DET
elsr-31049	335	18	dentilabial	dentilabial	ADJ
elsr-31049	335	19	consonant	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	335	20	sound	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	335	21	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	335	22	ancient	ancient	ADJ
elsr-31049	335	23	times	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	335	24	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	335	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	335	26	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	335	27	dentilabial	dentilabial	ADJ
elsr-31049	335	28	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	335	29	sound	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	335	30	/f/	/f/	PROPN
elsr-31049	335	31	was	be	AUX
elsr-31049	335	32	pronounced	pronounce	VERB
elsr-31049	335	33	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	335	34	/p/	/p/	NOUN
elsr-31049	335	35	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	335	36	/b/	/b/	X
elsr-31049	335	37	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	335	38	ancient	ancient	ADJ
elsr-31049	335	39	ages	age	NOUN
elsr-31049	335	40	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	335	41	wu	wu	PROPN
elsr-31049	335	42	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	335	43	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-31049	335	44	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	335	45	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	336	1	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	336	2	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	336	3	convention	convention	NOUN
elsr-31049	336	4	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	336	5	maintained	maintain	VERB
elsr-31049	336	6	until	until	ADP
elsr-31049	336	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	336	8	present	present	NOUN
elsr-31049	336	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	336	10	hokkien	hokkien	PROPN
elsr-31049	336	11	vernacular	vernacular	NOUN
elsr-31049	336	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	337	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	337	2	instance	instance	NOUN
elsr-31049	337	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	337	4	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	337	5	fan	fan	NOUN
elsr-31049	337	6	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	337	7	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	337	8	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-31049	337	9	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	337	10	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	337	11	pronounced	pronounce	VERB
elsr-31049	337	12	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	337	13	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	337	14	ben	ben	PROPN
elsr-31049	337	15	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	337	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	337	17	southern	southern	ADJ
elsr-31049	337	18	fujian	fujian	PROPN
elsr-31049	337	19	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	337	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	338	1	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	338	2	give	give	VERB
elsr-31049	338	3	another	another	DET
elsr-31049	338	4	example	example	NOUN
elsr-31049	338	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	338	6	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	338	7	chaozhou	chaozhou	ADJ
elsr-31049	338	8	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	338	9	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	338	10	belongs	belong	VERB
elsr-31049	338	11	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	338	12	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	338	13	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	338	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	338	15	/b/	/b/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	339	1	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	339	2	/g/	/g/	SYM
elsr-31049	339	3	phonemes	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	339	4	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	339	5	accompanied	accompany	VERB
elsr-31049	339	6	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	339	7	pre	pre	NOUN
elsr-31049	339	8	-	-	NOUN
elsr-31049	339	9	nasalization	nasalization	ADJ
elsr-31049	339	10	during	during	ADP
elsr-31049	339	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	339	12	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	339	13	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	339	14	liu	liu	PROPN
elsr-31049	339	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	339	16	2009	2009	NUM
elsr-31049	339	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	339	18	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-31049	339	19	76	76	NUM
elsr-31049	339	20	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	339	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	340	1	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	340	2	account	account	NOUN
elsr-31049	340	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	340	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	340	5	articulatory	articulatory	NOUN
elsr-31049	340	6	position	position	NOUN
elsr-31049	340	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	340	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	340	9	lips	lip	NOUN
elsr-31049	340	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	340	11	/b/	/b/	PUNCT
elsr-31049	341	1	phonemes	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	341	2	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	341	3	supposed	suppose	VERB
elsr-31049	341	4	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	341	5	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	341	6	articulated	articulate	VERB
elsr-31049	341	7	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	341	8	[	[	X
elsr-31049	341	9	mb	mb	ADP
elsr-31049	341	10	]	]	X
elsr-31049	341	11	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	341	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	341	13	due	due	ADP
elsr-31049	341	14	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	341	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	341	16	velarization	velarization	NOUN
elsr-31049	341	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	341	18	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	341	19	/g/	/g/	PROPN
elsr-31049	342	1	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	342	2	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	342	3	added	add	VERB
elsr-31049	342	4	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	342	5	diacritic	diacritic	NOUN
elsr-31049	342	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	342	7	recorded	record	VERB
elsr-31049	342	8	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	342	9	[	[	X
elsr-31049	342	10	ŋg	ŋg	X
elsr-31049	342	11	]	]	X
elsr-31049	342	12	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	342	13	narrow	narrow	ADJ
elsr-31049	342	14	transcription	transcription	NOUN
elsr-31049	342	15	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	342	16	liu	liu	PROPN
elsr-31049	342	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	342	18	2009	2009	NUM
elsr-31049	342	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	342	20	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-31049	342	21	76	76	NUM
elsr-31049	342	22	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	342	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	343	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	343	2	general	general	ADJ
elsr-31049	343	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	343	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	343	5	tendency	tendency	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	343	7	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	343	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	343	9	nasalization	nasalization	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	10	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	343	11	presumably	presumably	ADV
elsr-31049	343	12	lengthen	lengthen	VERB
elsr-31049	343	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	343	14	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	343	16	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	343	17	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	343	19	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	343	20	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	343	21	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	22	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	343	23	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	343	24	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	343	25	words	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	343	27	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	343	28	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	343	29	cords	cord	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	30	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	31	duration	duration	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	32	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	343	33	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	343	34	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	343	35	while	while	SCONJ
elsr-31049	343	36	pronouncing	pronounce	VERB
elsr-31049	343	37	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	343	38	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	39	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	343	40	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	343	41	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	42	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	343	43	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	44	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	343	45	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	46	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	47	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	343	48	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	344	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	344	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	344	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	344	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	344	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	344	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	344	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	344	8	99	99	NUM
elsr-31049	344	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	344	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	344	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	344	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	344	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	344	14	additionally	additionally	ADV
elsr-31049	344	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	344	16	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	344	17	simplification	simplification	NOUN
elsr-31049	344	18	occurs	occur	VERB
elsr-31049	344	19	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	344	20	southeast	southeast	ADJ
elsr-31049	344	21	asian	asian	ADJ
elsr-31049	344	22	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	344	23	under	under	ADP
elsr-31049	344	24	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	344	25	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	344	26	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	344	27	min	min	NOUN
elsr-31049	344	28	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	344	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	345	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	345	2	most	most	ADV
elsr-31049	345	3	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	345	4	factor	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	345	5	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	345	6	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	345	7	localization	localization	NOUN
elsr-31049	345	8	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	345	9	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	345	10	recombination	recombination	NOUN
elsr-31049	345	11	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	345	12	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	345	13	affects	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	345	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	345	15	whole	whole	ADJ
elsr-31049	345	16	lexical	lexical	ADJ
elsr-31049	345	17	system	system	NOUN
elsr-31049	345	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	346	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	346	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	346	3	case	case	NOUN
elsr-31049	346	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	346	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	346	6	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	346	7	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
elsr-31049	346	8	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	346	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	346	10	consonant	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	346	11	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	346	12	southeast	southeast	ADJ
elsr-31049	346	13	asian	asian	PROPN
elsr-31049	346	14	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	346	15	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	346	16	often	often	ADV
elsr-31049	346	17	left	leave	VERB
elsr-31049	346	18	unvoiced	unvoiced	ADJ
elsr-31049	346	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	347	2	places	place	NOUN
elsr-31049	347	3	like	like	ADP
elsr-31049	347	4	myanmar	myanmar	PROPN
elsr-31049	347	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	347	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	347	7	philippines	philippine	NOUN
elsr-31049	347	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	9	even	even	ADV
elsr-31049	347	10	voiceless	voiceless	VERB
elsr-31049	347	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	347	12	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	347	13	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	347	14	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	347	15	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	347	16	distinguished	distinguish	VERB
elsr-31049	347	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	18	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	347	19	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	347	20	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	347	21	line	line	NOUN
elsr-31049	347	22	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	347	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	347	24	so	so	ADV
elsr-31049	347	25	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	26	called	call	VERB
elsr-31049	347	27	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	28	economic	economic	ADJ
elsr-31049	347	29	principle	principle	NOUN
elsr-31049	347	30	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	31	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	347	32	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	347	33	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN
elsr-31049	347	34	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	347	35	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	347	36	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	347	37	region	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	347	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	39	who	who	PRON
elsr-31049	347	40	migrated	migrate	VERB
elsr-31049	347	41	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	347	42	southeast	southeast	PROPN
elsr-31049	347	43	asia	asia	PROPN
elsr-31049	347	44	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	45	simplified	simplify	VERB
elsr-31049	347	46	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	347	47	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	347	48	they	they	PRON
elsr-31049	347	49	learned	learn	VERB
elsr-31049	347	50	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	347	51	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	52	chen	chen	PROPN
elsr-31049	347	53	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	54	2006	2006	NUM
elsr-31049	347	55	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	56	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-31049	347	57	124	124	NUM
elsr-31049	347	58	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	347	59	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	348	1	this	this	PRON
elsr-31049	348	2	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	348	3	explains	explain	VERB
elsr-31049	348	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	348	5	relatively	relatively	ADV
elsr-31049	348	6	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	348	7	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	348	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	348	9	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	348	10	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	348	11	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	348	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	348	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	348	14	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	348	15	who	who	PRON
elsr-31049	348	16	come	come	VERB
elsr-31049	348	17	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	348	18	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	348	19	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	348	20	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	348	21	region	region	NOUN
elsr-31049	348	22	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	348	23	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	348	24	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	348	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	349	1	5	5	X
elsr-31049	349	2	.	.	X
elsr-31049	349	3	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
elsr-31049	349	4	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	349	5	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	349	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	349	7	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	349	8	introduce	introduce	VERB
elsr-31049	349	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	349	10	main	main	ADJ
elsr-31049	349	11	findings	finding	NOUN
elsr-31049	349	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	349	13	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	349	14	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	349	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	349	16	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	349	17	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	349	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	349	19	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
elsr-31049	349	20	implications	implication	NOUN
elsr-31049	349	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	349	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	349	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	349	24	limitations	limitation	NOUN
elsr-31049	349	25	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	349	26	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	349	27	has	have	VERB
elsr-31049	349	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	350	1	5.1	5.1	NUM
elsr-31049	350	2	findings	finding	NOUN
elsr-31049	350	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	350	4	major	major	ADJ
elsr-31049	350	5	findings	finding	NOUN
elsr-31049	350	6	yielded	yield	VERB
elsr-31049	350	7	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	350	8	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	350	9	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	350	10	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	350	11	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	350	12	summarized	summarize	VERB
elsr-31049	350	13	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	350	14	follows	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	350	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	351	1	5.1.1	5.1.1	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	2	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	3	factor	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	4	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-31049	351	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	351	6	statistics	statistic	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	7	showed	show	VERB
elsr-31049	351	8	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	351	9	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	10	four	four	NUM
elsr-31049	351	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	351	12	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	351	13	is	be	VERB
elsr-31049	351	14	little	little	ADJ
elsr-31049	351	15	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	16	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	351	17	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	351	19	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	351	20	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	21	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	351	22	male	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	351	24	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	351	25	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	351	26	however	however	ADV
elsr-31049	351	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	351	28	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	351	29	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	351	30	noteworthy	noteworthy	ADJ
elsr-31049	351	31	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	351	32	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	351	33	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	34	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	351	35	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	351	36	than	than	ADP
elsr-31049	351	37	male	male	ADJ
elsr-31049	351	38	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	39	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	351	40	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	351	41	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	351	42	consistent	consistent	ADJ
elsr-31049	351	43	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	351	44	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	351	45	previous	previous	ADJ
elsr-31049	351	46	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	351	47	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	352	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	352	2	underlying	underlie	VERB
elsr-31049	352	3	causes	cause	NOUN
elsr-31049	352	4	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	352	5	twofold	twofold	ADJ
elsr-31049	352	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	353	1	firstly	firstly	ADV
elsr-31049	353	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	353	3	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	353	4	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	353	5	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
elsr-31049	353	6	biological	biological	ADJ
elsr-31049	353	7	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	353	8	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	353	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	353	10	various	various	ADJ
elsr-31049	353	11	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	353	12	subsystems	subsystem	NOUN
elsr-31049	353	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	354	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	354	2	physiological	physiological	ADJ
elsr-31049	354	3	structure	structure	NOUN
elsr-31049	354	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	354	5	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	354	6	phonation	phonation	NOUN
elsr-31049	354	7	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	354	8	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	354	9	posterior	posterior	ADJ
elsr-31049	354	10	glottal	glottal	ADJ
elsr-31049	354	11	opening	opening	NOUN
elsr-31049	354	12	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	354	13	occurs	occur	VERB
elsr-31049	354	14	during	during	ADP
elsr-31049	354	15	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	354	16	fold	fold	ADJ
elsr-31049	354	17	closing	closing	NOUN
elsr-31049	354	18	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	354	19	hence	hence	ADV
elsr-31049	354	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	354	21	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	354	22	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	354	23	possible	possible	ADJ
elsr-31049	354	24	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	354	25	more	more	ADJ
elsr-31049	354	26	air	air	NOUN
elsr-31049	354	27	escapes	escape	VERB
elsr-31049	354	28	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	354	29	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	354	30	supralaryngeal	supralaryngeal	ADJ
elsr-31049	354	31	space	space	NOUN
elsr-31049	354	32	prior	prior	ADV
elsr-31049	354	33	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	354	34	vowel	vowel	NOUN
elsr-31049	354	35	production	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	354	36	compared	compare	VERB
elsr-31049	354	37	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	354	38	male	male	ADJ
elsr-31049	354	39	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	354	40	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	355	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
elsr-31049	355	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	355	3	psychosocially	psychosocially	ADV
elsr-31049	355	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	355	5	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	355	6	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	355	7	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	8	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	355	9	sex	sex	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	10	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	11	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	355	12	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	13	may	may	AUX
elsr-31049	355	14	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	355	15	due	due	ADJ
elsr-31049	355	16	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	355	17	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	355	18	sociophonetic	sociophonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	355	19	influence	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	355	21	whereby	whereby	SCONJ
elsr-31049	355	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	355	23	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	24	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	355	25	reflect	reflect	VERB
elsr-31049	355	26	conscious	conscious	ADJ
elsr-31049	355	27	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	355	28	unconscious	unconscious	ADJ
elsr-31049	355	29	manipulations	manipulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	30	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	355	31	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	32	patterns	pattern	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	33	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	355	34	overtly	overtly	ADV
elsr-31049	355	35	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	355	36	tacitly	tacitly	ADV
elsr-31049	355	37	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	355	38	convey	convey	VERB
elsr-31049	355	39	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	40	identity	identity	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	41	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	355	42	one	one	NUM
elsr-31049	355	43	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	355	44	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	355	45	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	355	46	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	355	47	speaking	speak	VERB
elsr-31049	355	48	rate	rate	NOUN
elsr-31049	355	49	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	356	1	presumably	presumably	ADV
elsr-31049	356	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	356	3	women	woman	NOUN
elsr-31049	356	4	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	356	5	prefer	prefer	VERB
elsr-31049	356	6	slower	slow	ADJ
elsr-31049	356	7	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	356	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	356	9	lengthened	lengthen	VERB
elsr-31049	356	10	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	356	11	duration	duration	NOUN
elsr-31049	356	12	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	356	13	order	order	NOUN
elsr-31049	356	14	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	356	15	makes	make	VERB
elsr-31049	356	16	utterances	utterance	NOUN
elsr-31049	356	17	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	356	18	intelligible	intelligible	ADJ
elsr-31049	356	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	356	20	makes	make	VERB
elsr-31049	356	21	themselves	themselves	PRON
elsr-31049	356	22	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	356	23	dignified	dignified	ADJ
elsr-31049	356	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	356	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	356	26	maintain	maintain	VERB
elsr-31049	356	27	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	356	28	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	356	29	identities	identity	NOUN
elsr-31049	356	30	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	356	31	images	image	NOUN
elsr-31049	356	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	356	33	both	both	PRON
elsr-31049	356	34	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	356	35	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	356	36	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	356	37	help	help	VERB
elsr-31049	356	38	produce	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	356	39	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	356	40	vots	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	356	41	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	357	1	5.1.2	5.1.2	NUM
elsr-31049	357	2	dialectical	dialectical	ADJ
elsr-31049	357	3	factor	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	357	4	languages	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	357	5	do	do	AUX
elsr-31049	357	6	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	357	7	exist	exist	VERB
elsr-31049	357	8	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	357	9	isolation	isolation	NOUN
elsr-31049	357	10	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-31049	357	11	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	357	12	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-31049	357	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	357	14	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	357	15	which	which	DET
elsr-31049	357	16	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	357	17	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	357	18	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	357	19	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	357	20	manifestation	manifestation	NOUN
elsr-31049	357	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	357	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	357	23	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	357	24	integral	integral	ADJ
elsr-31049	357	25	factor	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	357	26	affecting	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	357	27	second	second	ADJ
elsr-31049	357	28	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	357	29	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	357	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	358	1	phonology	phonology	NOUN
elsr-31049	358	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	358	3	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	358	4	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	358	5	distinct	distinct	ADJ
elsr-31049	358	6	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	358	7	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	358	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	358	9	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	358	10	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	358	11	consequently	consequently	ADV
elsr-31049	358	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	358	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	358	14	sla	sla	PROPN
elsr-31049	358	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	358	16	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	358	17	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	358	18	will	will	AUX
elsr-31049	358	19	tend	tend	VERB
elsr-31049	358	20	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	358	21	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	358	22	affected	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	358	23	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	358	24	their	their	PRON
elsr-31049	358	25	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	358	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	358	27	transfer	transfer	VERB
elsr-31049	358	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	358	29	dialectal	dialectal	ADJ
elsr-31049	358	30	features	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	358	31	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	358	32	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	358	33	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	358	34	neglect	neglect	VERB
elsr-31049	358	35	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	358	36	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	358	37	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	358	38	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	358	39	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	358	40	systems	system	NOUN
elsr-31049	358	41	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	358	42	thus	thus	ADV
elsr-31049	358	43	affecting	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	358	44	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	358	45	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	358	46	output	output	NOUN
elsr-31049	358	47	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	359	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	359	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	359	3	light	light	NOUN
elsr-31049	359	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	359	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
elsr-31049	359	6	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	359	7	chapter	chapter	NOUN
elsr-31049	359	8	four	four	NUM
elsr-31049	359	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	359	10	based	base	VERB
elsr-31049	359	11	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	359	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	359	13	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	359	14	division	division	NOUN
elsr-31049	359	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	359	16	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	359	17	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	359	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	359	19	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	359	20	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	359	21	extent	extent	NOUN
elsr-31049	359	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	359	23	some	some	PRON
elsr-31049	359	24	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	359	25	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	359	26	have	have	AUX
elsr-31049	359	27	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	359	28	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	359	29	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	359	30	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	359	31	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	359	32	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	359	33	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	359	34	found	find	VERB
elsr-31049	359	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	360	1	insofar	insofar	ADV
elsr-31049	360	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	360	3	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	360	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	360	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	360	6	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	360	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	360	8	southwest	southwest	ADJ
elsr-31049	360	9	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	360	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	360	11	min	min	NOUN
elsr-31049	360	12	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	360	13	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	360	14	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	360	15	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	360	16	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	360	17	mainly	mainly	ADV
elsr-31049	360	18	analyzed	analyze	VERB
elsr-31049	360	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	361	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	361	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	361	3	show	show	VERB
elsr-31049	361	4	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	361	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	361	6	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	361	7	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	361	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	361	9	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	361	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	361	11	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	361	12	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	361	13	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	361	14	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	362	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	362	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	362	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	362	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	362	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	362	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	362	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	362	8	100	100	NUM
elsr-31049	362	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	362	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	362	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	362	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	362	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	363	1	voiceless	voiceless	VERB
elsr-31049	363	2	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	363	3	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	363	4	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	363	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	363	6	longest	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	363	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	363	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	363	9	counterpart	counterpart	NOUN
elsr-31049	363	10	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	363	11	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	363	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	363	13	shortest	short	ADJ
elsr-31049	363	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	364	1	owing	owe	VERB
elsr-31049	364	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	364	3	tendency	tendency	NOUN
elsr-31049	364	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	364	5	decacuminal	decacuminal	ADJ
elsr-31049	364	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	364	7	devocalization	devocalization	NOUN
elsr-31049	364	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	364	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	364	10	production	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	364	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	364	12	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	364	13	voiceless	voiceless	NOUN
elsr-31049	364	14	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	364	15	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	364	16	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	364	17	presumably	presumably	ADV
elsr-31049	364	18	affected	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	364	19	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	364	20	that	that	PRON
elsr-31049	364	21	is	is	ADV
elsr-31049	364	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	364	23	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	364	24	lengthen	lengthen	VERB
elsr-31049	364	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	364	26	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	364	27	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	364	28	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	364	29	sound	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	364	30	blasting	blast	VERB
elsr-31049	364	31	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	364	32	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	364	33	cord	cord	NOUN
elsr-31049	364	34	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	364	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	365	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
elsr-31049	365	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	365	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	365	4	average	average	ADJ
elsr-31049	365	5	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	365	6	value	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	365	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	365	8	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	365	9	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	365	10	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	365	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	365	12	highest	high	ADJ
elsr-31049	365	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	365	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	365	15	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	365	16	using	use	VERB
elsr-31049	365	17	min	min	NOUN
elsr-31049	365	18	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	365	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	366	1	combined	combine	VERB
elsr-31049	366	2	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	366	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	366	4	dialectical	dialectical	ADJ
elsr-31049	366	5	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	366	6	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
elsr-31049	366	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	366	8	it	it	PRON
elsr-31049	366	9	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	366	10	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	366	11	seen	see	VERB
elsr-31049	366	12	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	366	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	366	14	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	366	15	tend	tend	VERB
elsr-31049	366	16	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	366	17	make	make	VERB
elsr-31049	366	18	unaspirated	unaspirated	ADJ
elsr-31049	366	19	sounds	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	366	20	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	366	21	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	366	22	cord	cord	NOUN
elsr-31049	366	23	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	366	24	sounds	sound	VERB
elsr-31049	366	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	367	1	inclination	inclination	NOUN
elsr-31049	367	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	367	3	pre	pre	NOUN
elsr-31049	367	4	-	-	ADJ
elsr-31049	367	5	nasalization	nasalization	PROPN
elsr-31049	367	6	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	367	7	lengthen	lengthen	VERB
elsr-31049	367	8	vocal	vocal	ADJ
elsr-31049	367	9	cord	cord	NOUN
elsr-31049	367	10	vibration	vibration	NOUN
elsr-31049	367	11	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	367	12	as	as	ADV
elsr-31049	367	13	well	well	ADV
elsr-31049	367	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	367	15	resulting	result	VERB
elsr-31049	367	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	367	17	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	367	18	longer	long	ADJ
elsr-31049	367	19	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	367	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	367	21	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	367	22	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	367	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	368	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
elsr-31049	368	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	368	3	influenced	influence	VERB
elsr-31049	368	4	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	368	5	immigration	immigration	NOUN
elsr-31049	368	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	368	7	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	368	8	changes	change	NOUN
elsr-31049	368	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	368	10	phoneme	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	368	11	simplification	simplification	NOUN
elsr-31049	368	12	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	368	13	lead	lead	VERB
elsr-31049	368	14	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	368	15	sounds	sound	NOUN
elsr-31049	368	16	less	less	ADV
elsr-31049	368	17	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	368	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	368	19	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	368	20	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	368	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	369	1	5.2	5.2	NUM
elsr-31049	369	2	implications	implication	NOUN
elsr-31049	369	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	369	4	implications	implication	NOUN
elsr-31049	369	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	369	6	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	369	7	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	369	8	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	369	9	primarily	primarily	ADV
elsr-31049	369	10	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	369	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	369	12	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	369	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	369	14	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
elsr-31049	369	15	aspects	aspect	NOUN
elsr-31049	369	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	370	1	theoretically	theoretically	ADV
elsr-31049	370	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	370	3	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	370	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	370	5	perspective	perspective	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	370	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	8	design	design	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	370	10	firstly	firstly	ADV
elsr-31049	370	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	370	12	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	370	13	parameter	parameter	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	14	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	370	15	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	370	16	adopted	adopt	VERB
elsr-31049	370	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	370	18	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	370	19	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	20	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	370	21	investigate	investigate	VERB
elsr-31049	370	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	370	23	group	group	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	24	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	370	26	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	370	27	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	370	29	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	370	30	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	370	31	provide	provide	VERB
elsr-31049	370	32	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	370	33	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	370	34	references	reference	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	35	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	370	36	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	370	37	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	370	39	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	370	40	also	also	ADV
elsr-31049	370	41	offer	offer	VERB
elsr-31049	370	42	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	370	43	ideas	idea	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	44	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	370	45	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	370	46	future	future	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	47	researches	research	VERB
elsr-31049	370	48	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	370	49	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	370	50	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	370	51	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	371	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	371	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	371	3	second	second	ADJ
elsr-31049	371	4	place	place	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	371	6	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	371	7	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	8	introduces	introduce	VERB
elsr-31049	371	9	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	371	10	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	11	investigation	investigation	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	12	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	371	13	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	14	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	371	16	combining	combine	VERB
elsr-31049	371	17	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-31049	371	18	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	371	20	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	21	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	371	23	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	371	25	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	371	27	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	371	28	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	371	29	provide	provide	VERB
elsr-31049	371	30	innovation	innovation	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	31	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	371	32	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	371	33	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
elsr-31049	371	34	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	371	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	372	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	372	2	addition	addition	NOUN
elsr-31049	372	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	372	4	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	372	5	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	372	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	372	7	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	372	8	reference	reference	NOUN
elsr-31049	372	9	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	372	10	labov	labov	PROPN
elsr-31049	372	11	’s	’s	PART
elsr-31049	372	12	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	372	13	model	model	NOUN
elsr-31049	372	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	372	15	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	372	16	boost	boost	VERB
elsr-31049	372	17	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	372	18	generalization	generalization	NOUN
elsr-31049	372	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	372	20	sociolinguistic	sociolinguistic	ADJ
elsr-31049	372	21	theories	theory	NOUN
elsr-31049	372	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	372	23	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	372	24	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
elsr-31049	372	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	373	1	pedagogically	pedagogically	ADV
elsr-31049	373	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	373	3	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	373	4	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	373	5	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	373	6	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	373	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	373	8	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	373	9	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	373	10	primarily	primarily	ADV
elsr-31049	373	11	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	373	12	following	follow	VERB
elsr-31049	373	13	three	three	NUM
elsr-31049	373	14	implications	implication	NOUN
elsr-31049	373	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	374	1	first	first	ADV
elsr-31049	374	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	374	3	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	374	4	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	374	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	374	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	374	7	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	374	8	kinds	kind	NOUN
elsr-31049	374	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	374	10	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	374	11	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	374	12	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	374	13	coped	cope	VERB
elsr-31049	374	14	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	374	15	flexibly	flexibly	ADV
elsr-31049	374	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	375	1	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-31049	375	2	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	375	3	supposed	suppose	VERB
elsr-31049	375	4	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	375	5	carry	carry	VERB
elsr-31049	375	6	out	out	ADP
elsr-31049	375	7	targeted	target	VERB
elsr-31049	375	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	375	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	375	10	training	training	NOUN
elsr-31049	375	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	375	12	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	375	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	376	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	376	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	376	3	show	show	VERB
elsr-31049	376	4	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-31049	376	5	although	although	SCONJ
elsr-31049	376	6	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-31049	376	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	376	8	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	376	9	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
elsr-31049	376	10	factually	factually	ADV
elsr-31049	376	11	exist	exist	VERB
elsr-31049	376	12	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	376	13	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	376	14	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	376	15	vots	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	376	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	376	17	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	376	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	376	19	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	376	20	genders	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	376	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	376	22	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	376	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	377	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	377	2	these	these	DET
elsr-31049	377	3	cases	case	NOUN
elsr-31049	377	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	377	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-31049	377	6	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	377	7	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	377	8	cut	cut	VERB
elsr-31049	377	9	across	across	ADP
elsr-31049	377	10	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	377	11	board	board	NOUN
elsr-31049	377	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	377	13	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	377	14	maximize	maximize	VERB
elsr-31049	377	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	377	16	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	377	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	377	18	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	377	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	377	20	according	accord	VERB
elsr-31049	377	21	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	377	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	377	23	specific	specific	ADJ
elsr-31049	377	24	situation	situation	NOUN
elsr-31049	377	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	378	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
elsr-31049	378	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	378	3	affected	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	378	4	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	378	5	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	378	6	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	378	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	378	8	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	378	9	errors	error	NOUN
elsr-31049	378	10	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-31049	378	11	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
elsr-31049	378	12	presumably	presumably	ADV
elsr-31049	378	13	occur	occur	VERB
elsr-31049	378	14	during	during	ADP
elsr-31049	378	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	378	16	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	378	17	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-31049	378	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	378	19	university	university	NOUN
elsr-31049	378	20	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	378	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	379	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	379	2	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	379	5	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	6	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	379	7	adopt	adopt	VERB
elsr-31049	379	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	379	9	theories	theory	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	379	11	contrastive	contrastive	ADJ
elsr-31049	379	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	379	14	interlanguage	interlanguage	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	379	16	continuum	continuum	ADJ
elsr-31049	379	17	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	379	18	maximize	maximize	VERB
elsr-31049	379	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	379	20	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	21	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	379	22	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	23	positive	positive	ADJ
elsr-31049	379	24	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	379	26	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	379	27	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	379	28	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	379	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	379	30	actively	actively	ADV
elsr-31049	379	31	correct	correct	ADJ
elsr-31049	379	32	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	379	33	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	34	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	379	35	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	36	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	379	37	aggrandize	aggrandize	VERB
elsr-31049	379	38	comprehensible	comprehensible	ADJ
elsr-31049	379	39	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	379	40	input	input	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	41	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	379	42	minimizing	minimize	VERB
elsr-31049	379	43	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	379	44	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	45	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	379	46	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-31049	379	47	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	48	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	379	49	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	380	1	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	380	2	practical	practical	ADJ
elsr-31049	380	3	tools	tool	NOUN
elsr-31049	380	4	such	such	ADJ
elsr-31049	380	5	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	380	6	praat	praat	NOUN
elsr-31049	380	7	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	380	8	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	380	9	applied	apply	VERB
elsr-31049	380	10	as	as	ADV
elsr-31049	380	11	well	well	ADV
elsr-31049	380	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	380	13	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	380	14	present	present	VERB
elsr-31049	380	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	380	16	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	380	17	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	380	18	features	feature	NOUN
elsr-31049	380	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	380	20	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	380	21	segments	segment	NOUN
elsr-31049	380	22	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	380	23	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	380	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	380	25	moreover	moreover	ADV
elsr-31049	380	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	380	27	correct	correct	ADJ
elsr-31049	380	28	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	380	29	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-31049	380	30	articulations	articulation	NOUN
elsr-31049	380	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	381	1	third	third	ADJ
elsr-31049	381	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	381	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	381	4	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	381	5	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
elsr-31049	381	6	designs	design	NOUN
elsr-31049	381	7	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	381	8	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	381	9	optimized	optimize	VERB
elsr-31049	381	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	382	1	universities	university	NOUN
elsr-31049	382	2	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	382	3	attach	attach	VERB
elsr-31049	382	4	attention	attention	NOUN
elsr-31049	382	5	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	382	6	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	382	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	382	8	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	382	9	specifically	specifically	ADV
elsr-31049	382	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	382	11	more	more	ADV
elsr-31049	382	12	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
elsr-31049	382	13	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	382	14	class	class	NOUN
elsr-31049	382	15	settings	setting	NOUN
elsr-31049	382	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	382	17	designs	design	NOUN
elsr-31049	382	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	382	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	382	20	larger	large	ADJ
elsr-31049	382	21	allocation	allocation	NOUN
elsr-31049	382	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	382	23	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	382	24	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-31049	382	25	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	382	26	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	382	27	offered	offer	VERB
elsr-31049	382	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	383	1	5.3	5.3	NUM
elsr-31049	383	2	limitations	limitation	NOUN
elsr-31049	383	3	although	although	SCONJ
elsr-31049	383	4	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	383	5	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	383	6	provides	provide	VERB
elsr-31049	383	7	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	383	8	implications	implication	NOUN
elsr-31049	383	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	383	10	there	there	PRON
elsr-31049	383	11	are	be	VERB
elsr-31049	383	12	still	still	ADV
elsr-31049	383	13	limitations	limitation	NOUN
elsr-31049	383	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	384	1	firstly	firstly	ADV
elsr-31049	384	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	384	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	384	4	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	384	5	size	size	NOUN
elsr-31049	384	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	384	7	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	384	8	experiment	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	384	9	is	be	AUX
elsr-31049	384	10	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	384	11	large	large	ADJ
elsr-31049	384	12	enough	enough	ADV
elsr-31049	384	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	384	14	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	384	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	384	16	number	number	NOUN
elsr-31049	384	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	384	18	30	30	NUM
elsr-31049	384	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	385	1	more	more	ADJ
elsr-31049	385	2	eligible	eligible	ADJ
elsr-31049	385	3	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	385	4	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	385	5	needed	need	VERB
elsr-31049	385	6	if	if	SCONJ
elsr-31049	385	7	much	much	ADJ
elsr-31049	385	8	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
elsr-31049	385	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	385	10	reliability	reliability	NOUN
elsr-31049	385	11	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	385	12	required	require	VERB
elsr-31049	385	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	386	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	386	2	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	386	3	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	386	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	386	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	386	6	validity	validity	NOUN
elsr-31049	386	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	386	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	386	9	main	main	ADJ
elsr-31049	386	10	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	NOUN
elsr-31049	386	11	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	386	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	386	13	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	386	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	386	15	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	386	16	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	386	17	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	386	18	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	387	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	387	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	387	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	387	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	387	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	387	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	387	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	387	8	101	101	NUM
elsr-31049	387	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	387	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	387	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	387	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	387	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	387	14	findings	findings	PROPN
elsr-31049	387	15	needs	need	VERB
elsr-31049	387	16	substantiating	substantiate	VERB
elsr-31049	387	17	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	387	18	future	future	ADJ
elsr-31049	387	19	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	387	20	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	387	21	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	387	22	extend	extend	VERB
elsr-31049	387	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	387	24	scope	scope	NOUN
elsr-31049	387	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	387	26	participants	participant	NOUN
elsr-31049	387	27	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	387	28	gain	gain	VERB
elsr-31049	387	29	much	much	ADJ
elsr-31049	387	30	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-31049	387	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	388	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
elsr-31049	388	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	388	3	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	388	4	errors	error	NOUN
elsr-31049	388	5	may	may	AUX
elsr-31049	388	6	exist	exist	VERB
elsr-31049	388	7	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	388	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	388	9	sampling	sampling	NOUN
elsr-31049	388	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	388	11	measurement	measurement	NOUN
elsr-31049	388	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	389	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	389	2	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-31049	389	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	389	4	sampling	sample	VERB
elsr-31049	389	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	389	6	due	due	ADP
elsr-31049	389	7	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	389	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	389	9	limitations	limitation	NOUN
elsr-31049	389	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	389	11	epidemic	epidemic	NOUN
elsr-31049	389	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	389	13	geography	geography	NOUN
elsr-31049	389	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	389	15	experiments	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	389	16	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	389	17	only	only	ADV
elsr-31049	389	18	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	389	19	carried	carry	VERB
elsr-31049	389	20	out	out	ADP
elsr-31049	389	21	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	389	22	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	389	23	internet	internet	NOUN
elsr-31049	389	24	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	389	25	therefore	therefore	ADV
elsr-31049	389	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	389	27	professional	professional	ADJ
elsr-31049	389	28	recording	recording	NOUN
elsr-31049	389	29	software	software	NOUN
elsr-31049	389	30	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	389	31	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	389	32	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	389	33	employed	employ	VERB
elsr-31049	389	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	390	1	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	390	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	390	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	390	4	recording	recording	NOUN
elsr-31049	390	5	equipment	equipment	NOUN
elsr-31049	390	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	390	7	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-31049	390	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	390	9	each	each	DET
elsr-31049	390	10	subject	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	390	11	may	may	AUX
elsr-31049	390	12	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	390	13	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	390	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	390	15	which	which	PRON
elsr-31049	390	16	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	390	17	bring	bring	VERB
elsr-31049	390	18	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	390	19	errors	error	NOUN
elsr-31049	390	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	390	21	influence	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	390	22	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	390	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	391	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	391	2	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	391	3	respect	respect	NOUN
elsr-31049	391	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	391	5	measurement	measurement	NOUN
elsr-31049	391	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	391	7	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	391	8	environmental	environmental	ADJ
elsr-31049	391	9	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	391	10	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	391	11	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	391	12	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	391	13	inferences	inference	NOUN
elsr-31049	391	14	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	391	15	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	391	16	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-31049	391	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	391	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	391	19	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	391	20	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-31049	391	21	have	have	VERB
elsr-31049	391	22	obvious	obvious	ADJ
elsr-31049	391	23	striations	striation	NOUN
elsr-31049	391	24	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	391	25	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	391	26	spectrogram	spectrogram	NOUN
elsr-31049	391	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	392	1	more	more	ADJ
elsr-31049	392	2	professional	professional	ADJ
elsr-31049	392	3	equipment	equipment	NOUN
elsr-31049	392	4	should	should	AUX
elsr-31049	392	5	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	392	6	employed	employ	VERB
elsr-31049	392	7	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	392	8	future	future	ADJ
elsr-31049	392	9	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	392	10	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	392	11	minimize	minimize	VERB
elsr-31049	392	12	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	392	13	errors	error	NOUN
elsr-31049	392	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	393	1	thirdly	thirdly	ADV
elsr-31049	393	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	393	3	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	393	4	account	account	NOUN
elsr-31049	393	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	393	6	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	393	7	constraint	constraint	NOUN
elsr-31049	393	8	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	393	9	conditions	condition	NOUN
elsr-31049	393	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	393	11	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	393	12	potential	potential	ADJ
elsr-31049	393	13	influential	influential	ADJ
elsr-31049	393	14	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	393	15	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	393	16	not	not	PART
elsr-31049	393	17	taken	take	VERB
elsr-31049	393	18	into	into	ADP
elsr-31049	393	19	consideration	consideration	NOUN
elsr-31049	393	20	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	393	21	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	393	22	survey	survey	NOUN
elsr-31049	393	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	394	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	394	2	independent	independent	ADJ
elsr-31049	394	3	variables	variable	NOUN
elsr-31049	394	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	394	5	this	this	DET
elsr-31049	394	6	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	394	7	are	be	AUX
elsr-31049	394	8	two	two	NUM
elsr-31049	394	9	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	394	10	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	394	11	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	394	12	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	394	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	394	14	regional	regional	ADJ
elsr-31049	394	15	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	394	16	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-31049	394	17	however	however	ADV
elsr-31049	394	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	394	19	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	394	20	results	result	NOUN
elsr-31049	394	21	may	may	AUX
elsr-31049	394	22	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	394	23	interfered	interfere	VERB
elsr-31049	394	24	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	394	25	other	other	ADJ
elsr-31049	394	26	subjective	subjective	ADJ
elsr-31049	394	27	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	394	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	394	29	such	such	ADJ
elsr-31049	394	30	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	394	31	individual	individual	ADJ
elsr-31049	394	32	speaking	speaking	NOUN
elsr-31049	394	33	habits	habit	NOUN
elsr-31049	394	34	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	394	35	diverse	diverse	ADJ
elsr-31049	394	36	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-31049	394	37	levels	level	NOUN
elsr-31049	394	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	395	1	afterwards	afterwards	ADV
elsr-31049	395	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	395	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	395	4	scope	scope	NOUN
elsr-31049	395	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	395	6	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-31049	395	7	can	can	AUX
elsr-31049	395	8	be	be	AUX
elsr-31049	395	9	extended	extend	VERB
elsr-31049	395	10	to	to	PART
elsr-31049	395	11	conduct	conduct	VERB
elsr-31049	395	12	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	395	13	experiments	experiment	NOUN
elsr-31049	395	14	with	with	ADP
elsr-31049	395	15	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-31049	395	16	objectivity	objectivity	NOUN
elsr-31049	395	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	395	18	pertinence	pertinence	NOUN
elsr-31049	395	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	396	1	references	reference	NOUN
elsr-31049	396	2	bradford	bradford	PROPN
elsr-31049	396	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	396	4	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-31049	396	5	s.	s.	PROPN
elsr-31049	396	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	396	7	1992	1992	NUM
elsr-31049	396	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	396	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	397	1	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	397	2	difference	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	397	3	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	397	4	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	397	5	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	397	6	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	397	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	398	1	perceptual	perceptual	ADJ
elsr-31049	398	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	398	3	motor	motor	NOUN
elsr-31049	398	4	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-31049	398	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	398	6	7(5	7(5	NUM
elsr-31049	398	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	398	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	398	9	983999	983999	NUM
elsr-31049	398	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	399	1	bruce	bruce	PROPN
elsr-31049	399	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	399	3	p.	p.	PROPN
elsr-31049	399	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	399	5	1964	1964	NUM
elsr-31049	399	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	399	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	400	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	400	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	400	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	400	4	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	400	5	sounds	sound	VERB
elsr-31049	400	6	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	400	7	young	young	ADJ
elsr-31049	400	8	children	child	NOUN
elsr-31049	400	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	401	1	british	british	ADJ
elsr-31049	401	2	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	401	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	401	4	education	education	PROPN
elsr-31049	401	5	psychology	psychology	NOUN
elsr-31049	401	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	401	7	34	34	NUM
elsr-31049	401	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	401	9	158-170.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1964.tb00620.x	158-170.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1964.tb00620.x	PROPN
elsr-31049	401	10	chen	chen	PROPN
elsr-31049	401	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	401	12	h.	h.	PROPN
elsr-31049	401	13	h.	h.	PROPN
elsr-31049	401	14	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	401	15	2006	2006	NUM
elsr-31049	401	16	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	401	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	402	1	fujian	fujian	PROPN
elsr-31049	402	2	southeast	southeast	PROPN
elsr-31049	402	3	asian	asian	PROPN
elsr-31049	402	4	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	402	5	varieties	variety	NOUN
elsr-31049	402	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	402	7	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	402	8	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	402	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	402	10	min	min	PROPN
elsr-31049	402	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	402	12	yue	yue	PROPN
elsr-31049	402	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	402	14	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	402	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	402	16	huaqiao	huaqiao	PROPN
elsr-31049	402	17	university	university	NOUN
elsr-31049	402	18	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	402	19	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
elsr-31049	402	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	402	21	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	402	22	sciences	science	NOUN
elsr-31049	402	23	edition	edition	NOUN
elsr-31049	402	24	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	402	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	402	26	1	1	NUM
elsr-31049	402	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	402	28	123	123	NUM
elsr-31049	402	29	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	402	30	124	124	NUM
elsr-31049	402	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	403	1	cruttenden	cruttenden	ADJ
elsr-31049	403	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	403	3	a.	a.	NOUN
elsr-31049	403	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	403	5	2001	2001	NUM
elsr-31049	403	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	403	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	404	1	gimson	gimson	PROPN
elsr-31049	404	2	’s	’s	PART
elsr-31049	404	3	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	404	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	404	5	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	404	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	405	1	beijing	beijing	PROPN
elsr-31049	405	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	405	3	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elsr-31049	405	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	405	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	405	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	405	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	405	8	press	press	NOUN
elsr-31049	405	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	406	1	crystal	crystal	PROPN
elsr-31049	406	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	406	3	d.	d.	PROPN
elsr-31049	406	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	406	5	1997	1997	NUM
elsr-31049	406	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	406	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	407	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	407	2	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
elsr-31049	407	3	encyclopedia	encyclopedia	NOUN
elsr-31049	407	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	407	5	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	407	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	408	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
elsr-31049	408	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	408	3	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
elsr-31049	408	4	university	university	PROPN
elsr-31049	408	5	press	press	NOUN
elsr-31049	408	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	409	1	dai	dai	PROPN
elsr-31049	409	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	409	3	z.	z.	PROPN
elsr-31049	409	4	z.	z.	PROPN
elsr-31049	409	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	409	6	2012	2012	NUM
elsr-31049	409	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	409	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	410	1	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	410	2	values	value	NOUN
elsr-31049	410	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	410	4	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	410	5	produced	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	410	6	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	410	7	advanced	advanced	ADJ
elsr-31049	410	8	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	410	9	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	410	10	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	410	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	411	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	411	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	411	3	xidian	xidian	PROPN
elsr-31049	411	4	university	university	PROPN
elsr-31049	411	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	411	6	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	411	7	science	science	NOUN
elsr-31049	411	8	edition	edition	PROPN
elsr-31049	411	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	411	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	411	11	6	6	NUM
elsr-31049	411	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	411	13	102	102	NUM
elsr-31049	411	14	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	411	15	106	106	NUM
elsr-31049	411	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	412	1	docherty	docherty	PROPN
elsr-31049	412	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	412	3	g.	g.	PROPN
elsr-31049	412	4	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	412	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	412	6	1992	1992	NUM
elsr-31049	412	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	412	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	413	1	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	413	2	timing	timing	NOUN
elsr-31049	413	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	413	4	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	413	5	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	413	6	british	british	ADJ
elsr-31049	413	7	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	413	8	obstruents	obstruent	NOUN
elsr-31049	413	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	414	1	new	new	PROPN
elsr-31049	414	2	york	york	PROPN
elsr-31049	414	3	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	414	4	foris	foris	PROPN
elsr-31049	414	5	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	415	1	https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110872637	https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110872637	PROPN
elsr-31049	415	2	eunjin	eunjin	NOUN
elsr-31049	415	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	415	4	o.	o.	PROPN
elsr-31049	415	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	415	6	2011	2011	NUM
elsr-31049	415	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	415	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	416	1	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	416	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	416	3	speaker	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	416	4	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	416	5	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	416	6	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	416	7	onset	onset	VERB
elsr-31049	416	8	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	416	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	416	10	korean	korean	ADJ
elsr-31049	416	11	stops	stop	NOUN
elsr-31049	416	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	417	1	journal	journal	NOUN
elsr-31049	417	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	417	3	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	417	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	417	5	39(1	39(1	NUM
elsr-31049	417	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	417	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	417	8	59	59	NUM
elsr-31049	417	9	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	417	10	67	67	NUM
elsr-31049	417	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	418	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2010.11.002	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2010.11.002	NOUN
elsr-31049	418	2	flege	flege	PROPN
elsr-31049	418	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	418	4	e.	e.	PROPN
elsr-31049	418	5	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	418	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	418	7	1991	1991	NUM
elsr-31049	418	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	418	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	419	1	age	age	NOUN
elsr-31049	419	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	419	3	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-31049	419	4	affects	affect	VERB
elsr-31049	419	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	419	6	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
elsr-31049	419	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	419	8	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	419	9	onset	onset	VERB
elsr-31049	419	10	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	419	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	419	12	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	419	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	419	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	419	15	stop	stop	VERB
elsr-31049	419	16	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	419	17	produced	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	419	18	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	419	19	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	419	20	second	second	ADJ
elsr-31049	419	21	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	419	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	420	1	journal	journal	NOUN
elsr-31049	420	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	420	3	acoustical	acoustical	ADJ
elsr-31049	420	4	society	society	NOUN
elsr-31049	420	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	420	6	america	america	PROPN
elsr-31049	420	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	420	8	89(1	89(1	NOUN
elsr-31049	420	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	420	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	420	11	395	395	NUM
elsr-31049	420	12	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	420	13	411	411	NUM
elsr-31049	420	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	421	1	https://doi.org/10.1121/1.400473	https://doi.org/10.1121/1.400473	PROPN
elsr-31049	421	2	gao	gao	PROPN
elsr-31049	421	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	421	4	y.	y.	PROPN
elsr-31049	421	5	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	421	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	421	7	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	421	8	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elsr-31049	421	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	421	10	m.	m.	NOUN
elsr-31049	421	11	m.	m.	NOUN
elsr-31049	421	12	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	421	13	2018	2018	NUM
elsr-31049	421	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	421	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	422	1	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	422	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-31049	422	3	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	422	4	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	422	5	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	422	6	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	422	7	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-31049	422	8	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	422	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	422	10	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	422	11	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	422	12	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	422	13	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	422	14	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	422	15	northeast	northeast	ADJ
elsr-31049	422	16	normal	normal	ADJ
elsr-31049	422	17	university	university	NOUN
elsr-31049	422	18	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	422	19	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
elsr-31049	422	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	422	21	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	422	22	sciences	science	NOUN
elsr-31049	422	23	edition	edition	NOUN
elsr-31049	422	24	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	422	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	422	26	6	6	NUM
elsr-31049	422	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	422	28	7076	7076	NUM
elsr-31049	422	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	423	1	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1964.tb00620.x	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1964.tb00620.x	PROPN
elsr-31049	423	2	https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110872637	https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110872637	PROPN
elsr-31049	423	3	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2010.11.002	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2010.11.002	NOUN
elsr-31049	423	4	https://doi.org/10.1121/1.400473	https://doi.org/10.1121/1.400473	NOUN
elsr-31049	423	5	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-31049	423	6	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	423	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	423	8	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	423	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	423	10	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	423	11	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	423	12	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	423	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	424	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	424	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	424	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	424	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	424	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	424	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	424	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	424	8	102	102	NUM
elsr-31049	424	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	424	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	424	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	424	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	424	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	424	14	gussenhoven	gussenhoven	PROPN
elsr-31049	424	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	424	16	c.	c.	PROPN
elsr-31049	424	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	424	18	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	424	19	jacobs	jacobs	PROPN
elsr-31049	424	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	424	21	h.	h.	PROPN
elsr-31049	424	22	p.	p.	PROPN
elsr-31049	424	23	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	424	24	2011	2011	NUM
elsr-31049	424	25	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	424	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	425	1	great	great	ADJ
elsr-31049	425	2	britain	britain	PROPN
elsr-31049	425	3	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	425	4	hodder	hodder	NOUN
elsr-31049	425	5	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	425	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	425	7	3th	3th	ADJ
elsr-31049	425	8	ed	ed	NOUN
elsr-31049	425	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	425	10	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	425	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	426	1	jiang	jiang	PROPN
elsr-31049	426	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	426	3	y.	y.	PROPN
elsr-31049	426	4	y.	y.	PROPN
elsr-31049	426	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	426	6	2015	2015	NUM
elsr-31049	426	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	426	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	427	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	427	2	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elsr-31049	427	3	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	427	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	427	5	inter	inter	ADJ
elsr-31049	427	6	-	-	ADJ
elsr-31049	427	7	vowel	vowel	ADJ
elsr-31049	427	8	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	427	9	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	427	10	among	among	ADP
elsr-31049	427	11	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	427	12	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	427	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	427	14	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	427	15	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	427	16	areas	area	NOUN
elsr-31049	427	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	427	18	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	427	19	——	——	PUNCT
elsr-31049	427	20	taking	take	VERB
elsr-31049	427	21	wu	wu	PROPN
elsr-31049	427	22	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	427	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	427	24	jianghuai	jianghuai	PROPN
elsr-31049	427	25	dialect	dialect	PROPN
elsr-31049	427	26	area	area	NOUN
elsr-31049	427	27	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	427	28	examples	example	NOUN
elsr-31049	427	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	428	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	428	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	428	3	taiyuan	taiyuan	PROPN
elsr-31049	428	4	urban	urban	PROPN
elsr-31049	428	5	vocational	vocational	PROPN
elsr-31049	428	6	college	college	NOUN
elsr-31049	428	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	428	8	9	9	NUM
elsr-31049	428	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	428	10	187	187	NUM
elsr-31049	428	11	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	428	12	189	189	NUM
elsr-31049	428	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	429	1	keating	keating	NOUN
elsr-31049	429	2	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	430	1	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	430	2	1984	1984	NUM
elsr-31049	430	3	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	430	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	431	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	431	2	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	431	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	431	4	phonological	phonological	ADJ
elsr-31049	431	5	representation	representation	NOUN
elsr-31049	431	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	431	7	stop	stop	NOUN
elsr-31049	431	8	consonant	consonant	ADJ
elsr-31049	431	9	voicing	voicing	NOUN
elsr-31049	431	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	432	1	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	432	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	432	3	2	2	NUM
elsr-31049	432	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	432	5	286-318.https://doi.org/10.2307/413642	286-318.https://doi.org/10.2307/413642	NUM
elsr-31049	432	6	krashen	krashen	ADV
elsr-31049	432	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	432	8	s.	s.	PROPN
elsr-31049	432	9	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	432	10	1981	1981	NUM
elsr-31049	432	11	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	432	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	433	1	second	second	ADJ
elsr-31049	433	2	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	433	3	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	433	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	433	5	second	second	ADJ
elsr-31049	433	6	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	433	7	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-31049	433	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	434	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
elsr-31049	434	2	/	/	SYM
elsr-31049	434	3	new	new	PROPN
elsr-31049	434	4	york	york	PROPN
elsr-31049	434	5	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	434	6	pergamon	pergamon	PROPN
elsr-31049	434	7	press	press	PROPN
elsr-31049	434	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	435	1	ladefoged	ladefoge	VERB
elsr-31049	435	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	435	3	p.	p.	PROPN
elsr-31049	435	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	435	5	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	435	6	johnson	johnson	PROPN
elsr-31049	435	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	435	8	k.	k.	PROPN
elsr-31049	435	9	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	435	10	2015	2015	NUM
elsr-31049	435	11	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	435	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	436	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	436	2	course	course	NOUN
elsr-31049	436	3	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	436	4	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	436	5	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	437	1	beijing	beijing	PROPN
elsr-31049	437	2	university	university	PROPN
elsr-31049	437	3	press	press	NOUN
elsr-31049	437	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	438	1	lisker	lisker	PROPN
elsr-31049	438	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	438	3	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-31049	438	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	438	5	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	438	6	abramson	abramson	PROPN
elsr-31049	438	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	438	8	a.	a.	PROPN
elsr-31049	438	9	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	438	10	1964	1964	NUM
elsr-31049	438	11	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	438	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	439	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	439	2	cross	cross	ADJ
elsr-31049	439	3	-	-	ADJ
elsr-31049	439	4	language	language	ADJ
elsr-31049	439	5	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	439	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	439	7	voicing	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	439	8	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	439	9	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	439	10	stops	stop	NOUN
elsr-31049	439	11	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	439	12	acoustical	acoustical	ADJ
elsr-31049	439	13	measurements	measurement	NOUN
elsr-31049	439	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	440	1	word	word	NOUN
elsr-31049	440	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	440	3	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	440	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	440	5	384-422.https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.1964.11659830	384-422.https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.1964.11659830	NUM
elsr-31049	440	6	lisker	lisker	NOUN
elsr-31049	440	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	440	8	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-31049	440	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	440	10	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	440	11	abramson	abramson	PROPN
elsr-31049	440	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	440	13	a.	a.	PROPN
elsr-31049	440	14	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	440	15	1967	1967	NUM
elsr-31049	440	16	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	440	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	441	1	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	441	2	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	441	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	441	4	context	context	NOUN
elsr-31049	441	5	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	441	6	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	441	7	onset	onset	VERB
elsr-31049	441	8	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	441	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	441	10	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	441	11	stops	stop	NOUN
elsr-31049	441	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	442	1	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	442	2	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	442	3	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	442	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	442	5	10	10	NUM
elsr-31049	442	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	442	7	1-28.https://doi.org/10.1177/002383096701000101	1-28.https://doi.org/10.1177/002383096701000101	PROPN
elsr-31049	442	8	li	li	PROPN
elsr-31049	442	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	442	10	r.	r.	PROPN
elsr-31049	442	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	442	12	1989	1989	NUM
elsr-31049	442	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	442	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	443	1	division	division	NOUN
elsr-31049	443	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	443	3	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	443	4	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	443	5	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	444	1	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	444	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	444	3	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	444	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	444	5	241	241	NUM
elsr-31049	444	6	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	444	7	259	259	NUM
elsr-31049	444	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	445	1	li	li	PROPN
elsr-31049	445	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	445	3	x.	x.	PROPN
elsr-31049	445	4	f.	f.	PROPN
elsr-31049	445	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	445	6	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	445	7	xiang	xiang	PROPN
elsr-31049	445	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	445	9	m.	m.	PROPN
elsr-31049	445	10	b.	b.	PROPN
elsr-31049	445	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	445	12	2009	2009	NUM
elsr-31049	445	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	445	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	446	1	basic	basic	ADJ
elsr-31049	446	2	course	course	NOUN
elsr-31049	446	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	446	4	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	446	5	dialectology	dialectology	NOUN
elsr-31049	446	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	447	1	beijing	beijing	PROPN
elsr-31049	447	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	447	3	peking	peking	PROPN
elsr-31049	447	4	university	university	NOUN
elsr-31049	447	5	press	press	NOUN
elsr-31049	447	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	448	1	liu	liu	PROPN
elsr-31049	448	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	448	3	z.	z.	PROPN
elsr-31049	448	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	448	5	2009	2009	NUM
elsr-31049	448	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	448	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	449	1	chaozhou	chaozhou	ADJ
elsr-31049	449	2	dialects	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	449	3	as	as	ADP
elsr-31049	449	4	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	449	5	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-31049	449	6	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	449	7	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	449	8	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	449	9	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	449	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	449	11	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	449	12	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	449	13	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-31049	449	14	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	449	15	comparative	comparative	ADJ
elsr-31049	449	16	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	449	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	449	18	phonemes	phoneme	NOUN
elsr-31049	449	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	449	20	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	449	21	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	449	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	449	23	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	449	24	initial	initial	ADJ
elsr-31049	449	25	consonants	consonant	NOUN
elsr-31049	449	26	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	449	27	chaozhou	chaozhou	ADJ
elsr-31049	449	28	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	449	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	450	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	450	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	450	3	zhanjiang	zhanjiang	PROPN
elsr-31049	450	4	normal	normal	PROPN
elsr-31049	450	5	college	college	PROPN
elsr-31049	450	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	450	7	30(5	30(5	NUM
elsr-31049	450	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	450	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	450	10	75	75	NUM
elsr-31049	450	11	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	450	12	77	77	NUM
elsr-31049	450	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	451	1	liu	liu	PROPN
elsr-31049	451	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	451	3	z.	z.	PROPN
elsr-31049	451	4	y.	y.	PROPN
elsr-31049	451	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	451	6	1999	1999	NUM
elsr-31049	451	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	451	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	452	1	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	452	2	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	452	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	453	1	nanjing	nanjing	PROPN
elsr-31049	453	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	453	3	jiangsu	jiangsu	PROPN
elsr-31049	453	4	education	education	PROPN
elsr-31049	453	5	press	press	PROPN
elsr-31049	453	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	454	1	mackay	mackay	PROPN
elsr-31049	454	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	454	3	r.	r.	PROPN
elsr-31049	454	4	a.	a.	PROPN
elsr-31049	454	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	454	6	1987	1987	NUM
elsr-31049	454	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	454	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	455	1	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	455	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	455	3	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	455	4	science	science	NOUN
elsr-31049	455	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	455	6	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	455	7	production	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	455	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	456	1	boston	boston	PROPN
elsr-31049	456	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	456	3	little	little	ADJ
elsr-31049	456	4	brown	brown	PROPN
elsr-31049	456	5	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	457	1	morris	morris	PROPN
elsr-31049	457	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	457	3	r.	r.	PROPN
elsr-31049	457	4	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	457	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	457	6	mecrea	mecrea	PROPN
elsr-31049	457	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	457	8	c.	c.	PROPN
elsr-31049	457	9	r.	r.	PROPN
elsr-31049	457	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	457	11	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	457	12	herring	herring	PROPN
elsr-31049	457	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	457	14	k.	k.	PROPN
elsr-31049	457	15	d.	d.	PROPN
elsr-31049	457	16	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	457	17	2008	2008	NUM
elsr-31049	457	18	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	457	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	458	1	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	458	2	onset	onset	VERB
elsr-31049	458	3	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	458	4	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	458	5	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	458	6	adult	adult	NOUN
elsr-31049	458	7	males	male	NOUN
elsr-31049	458	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	458	9	females	female	NOUN
elsr-31049	458	10	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	458	11	isolated	isolated	ADJ
elsr-31049	458	12	syllables	syllable	NOUN
elsr-31049	458	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	459	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	459	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	459	3	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	459	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	459	5	36(2	36(2	NUM
elsr-31049	459	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	459	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	459	8	308317.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2007.06.003	308317.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2007.06.003	NUM
elsr-31049	459	9	roach	roach	NOUN
elsr-31049	459	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	459	11	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-31049	459	12	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	459	13	2000	2000	NUM
elsr-31049	459	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	459	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	460	1	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	460	2	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	460	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	460	4	phonology	phonology	NOUN
elsr-31049	460	5	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	460	6	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	460	7	practical	practical	ADJ
elsr-31049	460	8	course	course	NOUN
elsr-31049	460	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	461	1	beijing	beijing	PROPN
elsr-31049	461	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	461	3	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elsr-31049	461	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	461	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	461	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	461	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	461	8	press	press	NOUN
elsr-31049	461	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	462	1	robb	robb	NOUN
elsr-31049	462	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	462	3	m.	m.	NOUN
elsr-31049	462	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	462	5	gilbert	gilbert	PROPN
elsr-31049	462	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	462	7	h.	h.	PROPN
elsr-31049	462	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	462	9	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	462	10	lerman	lerman	PROPN
elsr-31049	462	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	462	12	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	462	13	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	462	14	2005	2005	NUM
elsr-31049	462	15	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	462	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	463	1	influence	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	463	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	463	3	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	463	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	463	5	environmental	environmental	ADJ
elsr-31049	463	6	setting	setting	NOUN
elsr-31049	463	7	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	463	8	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	463	9	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	463	10	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	463	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	464	1	folia	folia	PROPN
elsr-31049	464	2	phoniatrica	phoniatrica	PROPN
elsr-31049	464	3	logopaedia	logopaedia	PROPN
elsr-31049	464	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	464	5	57	57	NUM
elsr-31049	464	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	464	7	125	125	NUM
elsr-31049	464	8	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	464	9	133	133	NUM
elsr-31049	464	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	465	1	https://doi.org/10.1159/000084133	https://doi.org/10.1159/000084133	PROPN
elsr-31049	465	2	ryalls	ryall	VERB
elsr-31049	465	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	465	4	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	465	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	465	6	zipprer	zipprer	PROPN
elsr-31049	465	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	465	8	a.	a.	PROPN
elsr-31049	465	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	465	10	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	465	11	baldauff	baldauff	PROPN
elsr-31049	465	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	465	13	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-31049	465	14	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	465	15	1997	1997	NUM
elsr-31049	465	16	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	465	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	466	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	466	2	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
elsr-31049	466	3	investigation	investigation	NOUN
elsr-31049	466	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	466	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	466	6	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	466	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	466	8	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-31049	466	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	466	10	race	race	NOUN
elsr-31049	466	11	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	466	12	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	466	13	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	466	14	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	466	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	467	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	467	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	467	3	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	467	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	467	5	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	467	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	467	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	467	8	hearing	hear	VERB
elsr-31049	467	9	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	467	10	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	467	11	jslhr	jslhr	NOUN
elsr-31049	467	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	467	13	40(3	40(3	NUM
elsr-31049	467	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	467	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	467	16	642645	642645	NUM
elsr-31049	467	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	468	1	https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4003.642	https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4003.642	PROPN
elsr-31049	468	2	simpson	simpson	PROPN
elsr-31049	468	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	468	4	a.	a.	NOUN
elsr-31049	468	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	468	6	2009	2009	NUM
elsr-31049	468	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	468	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	469	1	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	469	2	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	469	3	between	between	ADP
elsr-31049	469	4	male	male	ADJ
elsr-31049	469	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	469	6	female	female	ADJ
elsr-31049	469	7	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	469	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	470	1	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	470	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	470	3	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
elsr-31049	470	4	compass	compass	NOUN
elsr-31049	470	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	470	6	3(2	3(2	NUM
elsr-31049	470	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	470	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	470	9	621-640.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-818x.2009.00125.x	621-640.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-818x.2009.00125.x	NUM
elsr-31049	470	10	sloat	sloat	PROPN
elsr-31049	470	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	470	12	c.	c.	PROPN
elsr-31049	470	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	470	14	taylor	taylor	PROPN
elsr-31049	470	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	470	16	s.	s.	PROPN
elsr-31049	470	17	h.	h.	PROPN
elsr-31049	470	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	470	19	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	470	20	hoard	hoard	PROPN
elsr-31049	470	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	470	22	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	470	23	e.	e.	PROPN
elsr-31049	470	24	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	470	25	1978	1978	NUM
elsr-31049	470	26	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	470	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	471	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
elsr-31049	471	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	471	3	phonology	phonology	NOUN
elsr-31049	471	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	472	1	prentice	prentice	PROPN
elsr-31049	472	2	hall	hall	PROPN
elsr-31049	472	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	472	4	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	472	5	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	472	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	472	7	englewood	englewood	PROPN
elsr-31049	472	8	cliffs	cliffs	PROPN
elsr-31049	472	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	472	10	n.j	n.j	PROPN
elsr-31049	472	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	472	12	https://doi.org/10.2307/413642	https://doi.org/10.2307/413642	X
elsr-31049	472	13	https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.1964.11659830	https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.1964.11659830	PRON
elsr-31049	473	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/002383096701000101	https://doi.org/10.1177/002383096701000101	PROPN
elsr-31049	473	2	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2007.06.003	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2007.06.003	PROPN
elsr-31049	473	3	https://doi.org/10.1159/000084133	https://doi.org/10.1159/000084133	NOUN
elsr-31049	473	4	https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4003.642	https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4003.642	VERB
elsr-31049	473	5	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-818x.2009.00125.x	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-818x.2009.00125.x	ADJ
elsr-31049	473	6	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	NOUN
elsr-31049	473	7	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	473	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	473	9	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	473	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	473	11	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-31049	473	12	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	473	13	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-31049	473	14	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	474	1	4	4	NUM
elsr-31049	474	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	474	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-31049	474	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-31049	474	5	3	3	NUM
elsr-31049	474	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	474	7	2023	2023	NUM
elsr-31049	474	8	103	103	NUM
elsr-31049	474	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-31049	474	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	474	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-31049	474	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-31049	474	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	474	14	stlten	stlten	PROPN
elsr-31049	474	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	474	16	k.	k.	PROPN
elsr-31049	474	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	474	18	abrahamsson	abrahamsson	PROPN
elsr-31049	474	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	474	20	n.	n.	NOUN
elsr-31049	474	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	474	22	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	474	23	hyltenstam	hyltenstam	PROPN
elsr-31049	474	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	474	25	k.	k.	PROPN
elsr-31049	474	26	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	474	27	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-31049	474	28	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	474	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	475	1	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	475	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	475	3	age	age	NOUN
elsr-31049	475	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	475	5	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-31049	475	6	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	475	7	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	475	8	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	475	9	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	475	10	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	475	11	categorical	categorical	ADJ
elsr-31049	475	12	perception	perception	NOUN
elsr-31049	475	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	475	14	swedish	swedish	ADJ
elsr-31049	475	15	stops	stop	NOUN
elsr-31049	475	16	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	475	17	near	near	ADJ
elsr-31049	475	18	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-31049	475	19	native	native	ADJ
elsr-31049	475	20	l2	l2	NOUN
elsr-31049	475	21	speakers	speaker	NOUN
elsr-31049	475	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	476	1	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	476	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	476	3	speechteddington	speechteddington	NOUN
elsr-31049	476	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	476	5	57(4	57(4	NUM
elsr-31049	476	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	476	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	476	8	425-450.https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830913508760	425-450.https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830913508760	PROPN
elsr-31049	476	9	su	su	PROPN
elsr-31049	476	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	476	11	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	476	12	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	476	13	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	476	14	2012	2012	NUM
elsr-31049	476	15	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	476	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	477	1	variability	variability	NOUN
elsr-31049	477	2	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	477	3	vots	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	477	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	477	5	korean	korean	ADJ
elsr-31049	477	6	stop	stop	NOUN
elsr-31049	477	7	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	477	8	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	477	9	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	477	10	corpus	corpus	NOUN
elsr-31049	477	11	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	477	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	1	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elsr-31049	478	2	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	478	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	478	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	478	5	research	research	NOUN
elsr-31049	478	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	7	53(5	53(5	NUM
elsr-31049	478	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	10	656	656	NUM
elsr-31049	478	11	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	478	12	668	668	NUM
elsr-31049	478	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	14	torgesen	torgesen	PROPN
elsr-31049	478	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	16	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	478	17	k.	k.	PROPN
elsr-31049	478	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	19	wagner	wagner	PROPN
elsr-31049	478	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	21	r.	r.	PROPN
elsr-31049	478	22	k.	k.	PROPN
elsr-31049	478	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	24	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	478	25	rashotte	rashotte	PROPN
elsr-31049	478	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	27	c.	c.	PROPN
elsr-31049	478	28	a.	a.	PROPN
elsr-31049	478	29	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	30	1994	1994	NUM
elsr-31049	478	31	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	478	32	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	479	1	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
elsr-31049	479	2	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	479	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	479	4	phonological	phonological	ADJ
elsr-31049	479	5	processing	processing	NOUN
elsr-31049	479	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	479	7	reading	reading	NOUN
elsr-31049	479	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	480	1	journal	journal	NOUN
elsr-31049	480	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	480	3	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-31049	480	4	disabilities	disability	NOUN
elsr-31049	480	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	480	6	27	27	NUM
elsr-31049	480	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	480	8	276286.https://doi.org/10.1177/002221949402700503	276286.https://doi.org/10.1177/002221949402700503	NUM
elsr-31049	480	9	vickie	vickie	NOUN
elsr-31049	480	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	480	11	y.	y.	PROPN
elsr-31049	480	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	480	13	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	480	14	elizabeth	elizabeth	PROPN
elsr-31049	480	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	480	16	w.	w.	PROPN
elsr-31049	480	17	p.	p.	PROPN
elsr-31049	480	18	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	480	19	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-31049	480	20	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	480	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	481	1	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-31049	481	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	481	3	age	age	NOUN
elsr-31049	481	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	481	5	sex	sex	NOUN
elsr-31049	481	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	481	7	syllable	syllable	NOUN
elsr-31049	481	8	number	number	NOUN
elsr-31049	481	9	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	481	10	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	481	11	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	481	12	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	481	13	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	481	14	evidence	evidence	NOUN
elsr-31049	481	15	from	from	ADP
elsr-31049	481	16	children	child	NOUN
elsr-31049	481	17	’s	’s	PART
elsr-31049	481	18	voiceless	voiceless	ADJ
elsr-31049	481	19	aspirated	aspirate	VERB
elsr-31049	481	20	stops	stop	NOUN
elsr-31049	481	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	482	1	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	482	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	482	3	speech	speech	NOUN
elsr-31049	482	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	482	5	58(2	58(2	NUM
elsr-31049	482	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	482	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	482	8	152167.https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830914522994	152167.https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830914522994	NUM
elsr-31049	482	9	wang	wang	PROPN
elsr-31049	482	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	482	11	g.	g.	PROPN
elsr-31049	482	12	z.	z.	PROPN
elsr-31049	482	13	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	482	14	2002	2002	NUM
elsr-31049	482	15	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	482	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	483	1	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	483	2	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	483	3	course	course	NOUN
elsr-31049	483	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	484	1	beijing	beijing	PROPN
elsr-31049	484	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	484	3	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-31049	484	4	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	484	5	press	press	NOUN
elsr-31049	484	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	485	1	wang	wang	PROPN
elsr-31049	485	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	485	3	m.	m.	PROPN
elsr-31049	485	4	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-31049	485	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	485	6	2009	2009	NUM
elsr-31049	485	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	485	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	486	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	486	2	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	486	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	486	4	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	486	5	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	486	6	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-31049	486	7	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
elsr-31049	486	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	486	9	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	486	10	stop	stop	VERB
elsr-31049	486	11	at	at	ADP
elsr-31049	486	12	intervocalic	intervocalic	ADJ
elsr-31049	486	13	position	position	NOUN
elsr-31049	486	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	487	1	modern	modern	ADJ
elsr-31049	487	2	chinese	chinese	PROPN
elsr-31049	487	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	487	4	32(2	32(2	NUM
elsr-31049	487	5	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	487	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	487	7	186	186	NUM
elsr-31049	487	8	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	487	9	194	194	NUM
elsr-31049	487	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	488	1	wei	wei	PROPN
elsr-31049	488	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	488	3	z.	z.	PROPN
elsr-31049	488	4	z.	z.	PROPN
elsr-31049	488	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	488	6	2018	2018	NUM
elsr-31049	488	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	488	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	489	1	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	489	2	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	489	3	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	489	4	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	489	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	489	6	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	489	7	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	489	8	production	production	NOUN
elsr-31049	489	9	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	489	10	dalian	dalian	PROPN
elsr-31049	489	11	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	489	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	490	1	changchun	changchun	PROPN
elsr-31049	490	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	491	1	jilin	jilin	PROPN
elsr-31049	491	2	university	university	PROPN
elsr-31049	491	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	491	4	whiteside	whiteside	PROPN
elsr-31049	491	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	491	6	s.	s.	PROPN
elsr-31049	491	7	p.	p.	PROPN
elsr-31049	491	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	491	9	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	491	10	marshall	marshall	PROPN
elsr-31049	491	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	491	12	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	491	13	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	491	14	2001	2001	NUM
elsr-31049	491	15	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	491	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	492	1	developmental	developmental	ADJ
elsr-31049	492	2	trends	trend	NOUN
elsr-31049	492	3	in	in	ADP
elsr-31049	492	4	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-31049	492	5	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	492	6	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	492	7	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	492	8	some	some	DET
elsr-31049	492	9	evidence	evidence	NOUN
elsr-31049	492	10	for	for	ADP
elsr-31049	492	11	sex	sex	NOUN
elsr-31049	492	12	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-31049	492	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	493	1	phonetica	phonetica	PROPN
elsr-31049	493	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	493	3	58	58	NUM
elsr-31049	493	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	493	5	196	196	NUM
elsr-31049	493	6	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	493	7	210	210	NUM
elsr-31049	493	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	493	9	https://doi.org/10.1159/000056199	https://doi.org/10.1159/000056199	X
elsr-31049	493	10	wu	wu	PROPN
elsr-31049	493	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	493	12	g.	g.	PROPN
elsr-31049	493	13	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	493	14	2012	2012	NUM
elsr-31049	493	15	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	493	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	494	1	comparison	comparison	NOUN
elsr-31049	494	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	494	3	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	494	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	494	5	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	494	6	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	494	7	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	494	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	494	9	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	494	10	enlightenment	enlightenment	NOUN
elsr-31049	494	11	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	494	12	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	494	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	494	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	495	1	china	china	PROPN
elsr-31049	495	2	education	education	PROPN
elsr-31049	495	3	innovation	innovation	PROPN
elsr-31049	495	4	herald	herald	PROPN
elsr-31049	495	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	495	6	19	19	NUM
elsr-31049	495	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	495	8	93	93	NUM
elsr-31049	495	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	496	1	wu	wu	PROPN
elsr-31049	496	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	496	3	f.	f.	PROPN
elsr-31049	496	4	n.	n.	PROPN
elsr-31049	496	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	496	6	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-31049	496	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	496	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	497	1	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-31049	497	2	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-31049	497	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	497	4	minnan	minnan	ADJ
elsr-31049	497	5	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	497	6	to	to	ADP
elsr-31049	497	7	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	497	8	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	497	9	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-31049	497	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	497	11	university	university	NOUN
elsr-31049	497	12	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	497	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-31049	497	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	498	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	498	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	498	3	hubei	hubei	PROPN
elsr-31049	498	4	tv	tv	PROPN
elsr-31049	498	5	university	university	PROPN
elsr-31049	498	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	498	7	34(6	34(6	NOUN
elsr-31049	498	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	498	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	498	10	140	140	NUM
elsr-31049	498	11	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	498	12	141	141	NUM
elsr-31049	498	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	499	1	zhang	zhang	PROPN
elsr-31049	499	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	499	3	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	499	4	y.	y.	PROPN
elsr-31049	499	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	499	6	2012	2012	NUM
elsr-31049	499	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	499	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	500	1	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	500	2	vot	vot	NOUN
elsr-31049	500	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	500	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	500	5	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	500	6	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	500	7	acquiring	acquire	VERB
elsr-31049	500	8	french	french	ADJ
elsr-31049	500	9	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	500	10	.	.	PROPN
elsr-31049	500	11	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	500	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	500	13	international	international	ADJ
elsr-31049	500	14	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	500	15	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	500	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	500	17	28	28	NUM
elsr-31049	500	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	500	19	174	174	NUM
elsr-31049	500	20	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	500	21	181	181	NUM
elsr-31049	500	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	501	1	zhao	zhao	PROPN
elsr-31049	501	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	501	3	c.	c.	PROPN
elsr-31049	501	4	y.	y.	PROPN
elsr-31049	501	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	501	6	2019	2019	NUM
elsr-31049	501	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	501	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	502	1	an	an	DET
elsr-31049	502	2	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
elsr-31049	502	3	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	502	4	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	502	5	affricates	affricate	NOUN
elsr-31049	502	6	produced	produce	VERB
elsr-31049	502	7	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	502	8	harbin	harbin	PROPN
elsr-31049	502	9	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	502	10	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-31049	502	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	503	1	changchun	changchun	PROPN
elsr-31049	503	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	503	3	jilin	jilin	PROPN
elsr-31049	503	4	university	university	PROPN
elsr-31049	503	5	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	504	1	https://doi.org/10.1109/o-cocosda46868.2019.9060844	https://doi.org/10.1109/o-cocosda46868.2019.9060844	PROPN
elsr-31049	504	2	zhao	zhao	PROPN
elsr-31049	504	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	504	4	z.	z.	PROPN
elsr-31049	504	5	d.	d.	PROPN
elsr-31049	504	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	504	7	2007	2007	NUM
elsr-31049	504	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	504	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	505	1	phonology	phonology	NOUN
elsr-31049	505	2	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	506	1	shanghai	shanghai	PROPN
elsr-31049	506	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	506	3	shanghai	shanghai	PROPN
elsr-31049	506	4	foreign	foreign	PROPN
elsr-31049	506	5	language	language	NOUN
elsr-31049	506	6	education	education	NOUN
elsr-31049	506	7	press	press	NOUN
elsr-31049	506	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	507	1	zheng	zheng	PROPN
elsr-31049	507	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	507	3	x.	x.	PROPN
elsr-31049	507	4	r.	r.	PROPN
elsr-31049	507	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	507	6	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	507	7	li	li	PROPN
elsr-31049	507	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	507	9	y.	y.	PROPN
elsr-31049	507	10	h.	h.	PROPN
elsr-31049	507	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	507	12	2007	2007	NUM
elsr-31049	507	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	507	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	508	1	comparison	comparison	NOUN
elsr-31049	508	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	508	3	voiced	voice	VERB
elsr-31049	508	4	onset	onset	NOUN
elsr-31049	508	5	time	time	NOUN
elsr-31049	508	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	508	7	vot	vot	PROPN
elsr-31049	508	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	508	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	508	10	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	508	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	508	12	chinese	chinese	ADJ
elsr-31049	508	13	plosives	plosive	NOUN
elsr-31049	508	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	508	15	study	study	NOUN
elsr-31049	508	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	508	17	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	508	18	plosive	plosive	ADJ
elsr-31049	508	19	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-31049	508	20	by	by	ADP
elsr-31049	508	21	han	han	PROPN
elsr-31049	508	22	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	508	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	509	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	509	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	509	3	changchun	changchun	PROPN
elsr-31049	509	4	normal	normal	PROPN
elsr-31049	509	5	university	university	NOUN
elsr-31049	509	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	509	7	humanities	humanity	NOUN
elsr-31049	509	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	509	9	social	social	ADJ
elsr-31049	509	10	sciences	sciences	PROPN
elsr-31049	509	11	edition	edition	NOUN
elsr-31049	509	12	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	509	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	509	14	26(1	26(1	NUM
elsr-31049	509	15	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	509	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	509	17	92	92	NUM
elsr-31049	509	18	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	509	19	95	95	NUM
elsr-31049	509	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	510	1	zheng	zheng	PROPN
elsr-31049	510	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	510	3	y.	y.	PROPN
elsr-31049	510	4	r.	r.	PROPN
elsr-31049	510	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	510	6	li	li	PROPN
elsr-31049	510	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	510	8	r.	r.	PROPN
elsr-31049	510	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	510	10	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-31049	510	11	qin	qin	PROPN
elsr-31049	510	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	510	13	t.	t.	PROPN
elsr-31049	510	14	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	510	15	2012	2012	NUM
elsr-31049	510	16	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	510	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	511	1	a	a	DET
elsr-31049	511	2	brief	brief	ADJ
elsr-31049	511	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-31049	511	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	511	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	511	6	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-31049	511	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	511	8	southwestern	southwestern	ADJ
elsr-31049	511	9	mandarin	mandarin	NOUN
elsr-31049	511	10	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	511	11	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	511	12	listening	listen	VERB
elsr-31049	511	13	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-31049	511	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	512	1	youth	youth	NOUN
elsr-31049	512	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	512	3	12	12	NUM
elsr-31049	512	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	512	5	92	92	NUM
elsr-31049	512	6	-	-	SYM
elsr-31049	512	7	94	94	NUM
elsr-31049	512	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	513	1	zhou	zhou	PROPN
elsr-31049	513	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	513	3	w.	w.	PROPN
elsr-31049	513	4	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	513	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	513	6	2008	2008	NUM
elsr-31049	513	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	513	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	514	1	outline	outline	NOUN
elsr-31049	514	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	514	3	english	english	PROPN
elsr-31049	514	4	phonetics	phonetic	NOUN
elsr-31049	514	5	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	515	1	anhui	anhui	PROPN
elsr-31049	515	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-31049	515	3	anhui	anhui	PROPN
elsr-31049	515	4	university	university	PROPN
elsr-31049	515	5	press	press	NOUN
elsr-31049	515	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	516	1	zhu	zhu	PROPN
elsr-31049	516	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	516	3	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-31049	516	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-31049	516	5	2010	2010	NUM
elsr-31049	516	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	516	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	517	1	investigation	investigation	NOUN
elsr-31049	517	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-31049	517	3	countermeasures	countermeasure	NOUN
elsr-31049	517	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	517	5	the	the	DET
elsr-31049	517	6	impacts	impact	NOUN
elsr-31049	517	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	517	8	different	different	ADJ
elsr-31049	517	9	dialect	dialect	NOUN
elsr-31049	517	10	backgrounds	background	NOUN
elsr-31049	517	11	on	on	ADP
elsr-31049	517	12	college	college	NOUN
elsr-31049	517	13	students	student	NOUN
elsr-31049	517	14	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-31049	517	15	english	english	ADJ
elsr-31049	517	16	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
elsr-31049	517	17	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-31049	517	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	518	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-31049	518	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-31049	518	3	gannan	gannan	PROPN
elsr-31049	518	4	medical	medical	PROPN
elsr-31049	518	5	university	university	PROPN
elsr-31049	518	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	518	7	30(5	30(5	NUM
elsr-31049	518	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-31049	518	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-31049	518	10	758759	758759	NUM
elsr-31049	518	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-31049	519	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830913508760	https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830913508760	NOUN
elsr-31049	519	2	https://doi.org/10.1177/002221949402700503	https://doi.org/10.1177/002221949402700503	NOUN
elsr-31049	519	3	https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830914522994	https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830914522994	NOUN
elsr-31049	519	4	https://doi.org/10.1159/000056199	https://doi.org/10.1159/000056199	X
elsr-31049	519	5	https://doi.org/10.1109/o-cocosda46868.2019.9060844	https://doi.org/10.1109/o-cocosda46868.2019.9060844	X