id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
elsr-56850	1	1	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	1	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	1	3	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	1	5	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	1	6	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	1	7	issn	issn	PROPN
elsr-56850	1	8	2690	2690	NUM
elsr-56850	1	9	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	1	10	3644	3644	NUM
elsr-56850	1	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	1	12	print	print	NOUN
elsr-56850	1	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	1	14	issn	issn	PROPN
elsr-56850	1	15	2690	2690	NUM
elsr-56850	1	16	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	1	17	3652	3652	NUM
elsr-56850	1	18	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	1	19	online	online	ADJ
elsr-56850	1	20	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	1	21	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	1	22	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	2	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	2	8	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	9	13	13	NUM
elsr-56850	2	10	original	original	ADJ
elsr-56850	2	11	paper	paper	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	12	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	2	13	impacts	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	14	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	2	15	whatsapp	whatsapp	ADJ
elsr-56850	2	16	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	17	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	2	18	developing	develop	VERB
elsr-56850	2	19	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	20	skill	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	21	among	among	ADP
elsr-56850	2	22	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	2	23	level	level	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	24	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	25	farhiba	farhiba	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	26	ferdous	ferdous	ADJ
elsr-56850	2	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	28	assistant	assistant	ADJ
elsr-56850	2	29	professor1	professor1	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	30	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	2	31	department	department	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	32	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	2	33	english	english	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	34	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	35	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	2	36	literature	literature	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	38	international	international	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	39	islamic	islamic	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	40	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	41	chittagong	chittagong	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	42	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	43	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	44	received	receive	VERB
elsr-56850	2	45	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	46	november	november	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	47	8	8	NUM
elsr-56850	2	48	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	49	2025	2025	NUM
elsr-56850	2	50	accepted	accept	VERB
elsr-56850	2	51	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	52	november	november	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	53	22	22	NUM
elsr-56850	2	54	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	55	2025	2025	NUM
elsr-56850	2	56	online	online	ADV
elsr-56850	2	57	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	2	58	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	59	december	december	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	60	10	10	NUM
elsr-56850	2	61	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	62	2025	2025	NUM
elsr-56850	2	63	doi:10.22158	doi:10.22158	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	64	/	/	SYM
elsr-56850	2	65	elsr.v7n1p13	elsr.v7n1p13	PROPN
elsr-56850	2	66	url	url	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	67	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	68	http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elsr.v7n1p13	http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elsr.v7n1p13	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	69	abstract	abstract	ADV
elsr-56850	2	70	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	2	71	article	article	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	72	examines	examine	VERB
elsr-56850	2	73	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	2	74	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	75	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	2	76	whatsapp	whatsapp	ADJ
elsr-56850	2	77	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	78	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	2	79	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	2	80	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	81	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	82	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	2	83	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	2	84	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	2	85	level	level	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	86	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	2	87	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	3	1	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	3	2	indicate	indicate	VERB
elsr-56850	3	3	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	3	4	using	use	VERB
elsr-56850	3	5	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	3	6	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	3	7	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	3	8	exercises	exercise	NOUN
elsr-56850	3	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	3	10	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
elsr-56850	3	11	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	3	12	positively	positively	ADV
elsr-56850	3	13	influences	influence	VERB
elsr-56850	3	14	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	3	15	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	3	16	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	3	17	abilities	ability	NOUN
elsr-56850	3	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	4	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
elsr-56850	4	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	4	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	4	4	platform	platform	NOUN
elsr-56850	4	5	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
elsr-56850	4	6	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	4	7	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	4	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	4	9	basic	basic	ADJ
elsr-56850	4	10	english	english	PROPN
elsr-56850	4	11	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	4	12	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	4	13	foreign	foreign	ADJ
elsr-56850	4	14	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	4	15	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	4	16	efl	efl	PROPN
elsr-56850	4	17	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	4	18	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	4	19	skill	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	4	20	through	through	ADP
elsr-56850	4	21	instant	instant	ADJ
elsr-56850	4	22	text	text	NOUN
elsr-56850	4	23	messaging	messaging	NOUN
elsr-56850	4	24	at	at	ADP
elsr-56850	4	25	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	4	26	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	4	27	level	level	NOUN
elsr-56850	4	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	5	1	through	through	ADP
elsr-56850	5	2	this	this	PRON
elsr-56850	5	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	5	4	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	5	5	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	5	6	share	share	VERB
elsr-56850	5	7	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	5	8	same	same	ADJ
elsr-56850	5	9	platform	platform	NOUN
elsr-56850	5	10	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	5	11	increase	increase	VERB
elsr-56850	5	12	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	5	13	accessibility	accessibility	NOUN
elsr-56850	5	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	5	15	cooperative	cooperative	ADJ
elsr-56850	5	16	tendency	tendency	NOUN
elsr-56850	5	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	5	18	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	5	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	6	1	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	6	2	enjoy	enjoy	VERB
elsr-56850	6	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	6	4	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
elsr-56850	6	5	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	6	6	work	work	VERB
elsr-56850	6	7	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	6	8	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	6	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	6	10	pairs	pair	NOUN
elsr-56850	6	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	6	12	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	6	13	individually	individually	ADV
elsr-56850	6	14	giving	give	VERB
elsr-56850	6	15	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
elsr-56850	6	16	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	6	17	each	each	DET
elsr-56850	6	18	other	other	ADJ
elsr-56850	6	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	7	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	7	2	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	7	3	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	7	4	such	such	DET
elsr-56850	7	5	an	an	DET
elsr-56850	7	6	app	app	NOUN
elsr-56850	7	7	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	7	8	ignites	ignite	VERB
elsr-56850	7	9	interest	interest	NOUN
elsr-56850	7	10	among	among	ADP
elsr-56850	7	11	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	7	12	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	7	13	actively	actively	ADV
elsr-56850	7	14	participate	participate	VERB
elsr-56850	7	15	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	7	16	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	7	17	tasks	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	7	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	8	1	it	it	PRON
elsr-56850	8	2	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	8	3	not	not	PART
elsr-56850	8	4	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	8	5	boring	boring	ADJ
elsr-56850	8	6	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	8	7	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	8	8	them	they	PRON
elsr-56850	8	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	9	1	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	9	2	app	app	NOUN
elsr-56850	9	3	helps	help	VERB
elsr-56850	9	4	learner	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	9	5	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	9	6	learn	learn	VERB
elsr-56850	9	7	inside	inside	ADP
elsr-56850	9	8	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	9	9	classroom	classroom	NOUN
elsr-56850	9	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	9	11	also	also	ADV
elsr-56850	9	12	outside	outside	ADP
elsr-56850	9	13	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	9	14	classroom	classroom	NOUN
elsr-56850	9	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	10	1	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	10	2	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	10	3	learn	learn	VERB
elsr-56850	10	4	both	both	PRON
elsr-56850	10	5	privately	privately	ADV
elsr-56850	10	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	10	7	publicly	publicly	ADV
elsr-56850	10	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	11	1	further	further	ADJ
elsr-56850	11	2	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	11	3	explores	explore	VERB
elsr-56850	11	4	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	11	5	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
elsr-56850	11	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	11	7	whatsapp	whatsapp	ADJ
elsr-56850	11	8	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	11	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	11	10	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-56850	11	11	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	11	12	contexts	context	NOUN
elsr-56850	11	13	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	11	14	enhance	enhance	VERB
elsr-56850	11	15	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	11	16	creativity	creativity	NOUN
elsr-56850	11	17	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	11	18	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	11	19	skill	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	11	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	12	1	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	12	2	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	12	3	shows	show	VERB
elsr-56850	12	4	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	12	5	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	12	6	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	12	7	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	12	8	be	be	AUX
elsr-56850	12	9	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	12	10	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	12	11	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	12	12	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-56850	12	13	technological	technological	ADJ
elsr-56850	12	14	tool	tool	NOUN
elsr-56850	12	15	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	12	16	making	make	VERB
elsr-56850	12	17	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	12	18	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	12	19	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	12	20	experience	experience	NOUN
elsr-56850	12	21	smooth	smooth	ADJ
elsr-56850	12	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	13	1	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	13	2	media	media	NOUN
elsr-56850	13	3	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	13	4	also	also	ADV
elsr-56850	13	5	helpful	helpful	ADJ
elsr-56850	13	6	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	13	7	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	13	8	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	13	9	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-56850	13	10	it	it	PRON
elsr-56850	13	11	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
elsr-56850	13	12	them	they	PRON
elsr-56850	13	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	13	14	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	13	15	task	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	13	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	13	17	assignment	assignment	NOUN
elsr-56850	13	18	giving	giving	NOUN
elsr-56850	13	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	13	20	collecting	collecting	NOUN
elsr-56850	13	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	14	1	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	14	2	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	14	3	reported	report	VERB
elsr-56850	14	4	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	14	5	experiences	experience	NOUN
elsr-56850	14	6	via	via	ADP
elsr-56850	14	7	surveys	survey	NOUN
elsr-56850	14	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	14	9	highlighting	highlight	VERB
elsr-56850	14	10	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	14	11	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	14	12	platform	platform	NOUN
elsr-56850	14	13	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	14	14	role	role	NOUN
elsr-56850	14	15	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	14	16	improving	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	14	17	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	14	18	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
elsr-56850	14	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	15	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
elsr-56850	15	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	15	3	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	15	4	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	15	5	strongly	strongly	ADV
elsr-56850	15	6	recommends	recommend	VERB
elsr-56850	15	7	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	15	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	15	9	if	if	SCONJ
elsr-56850	15	10	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	15	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elsr-56850	15	12	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	15	13	be	be	AUX
elsr-56850	15	14	faced	face	VERB
elsr-56850	15	15	positively	positively	ADV
elsr-56850	15	16	whatsapp	whatsapp	ADJ
elsr-56850	15	17	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	15	18	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	15	19	be	be	AUX
elsr-56850	15	20	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	15	21	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	15	22	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	15	23	supportive	supportive	ADJ
elsr-56850	15	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	15	25	educational	educational	ADJ
elsr-56850	15	26	resource	resource	NOUN
elsr-56850	15	27	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	15	28	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	15	29	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-56850	15	30	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	15	31	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	15	32	process	process	NOUN
elsr-56850	15	33	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	15	34	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	15	35	skill	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	15	36	at	at	ADP
elsr-56850	15	37	all	all	DET
elsr-56850	15	38	educational	educational	ADJ
elsr-56850	15	39	stages	stage	NOUN
elsr-56850	15	40	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	16	1	contribution	contribution	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	16	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	16	4	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	5	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	16	6	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	16	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	8	work	work	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	9	will	will	AUX
elsr-56850	16	10	contribute	contribute	VERB
elsr-56850	16	11	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	16	12	extend	extend	VERB
elsr-56850	16	13	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	16	14	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	16	15	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	16	evidence	evidence	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	17	base	base	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	16	19	focusing	focus	VERB
elsr-56850	16	20	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	16	21	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	22	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	16	24	contextualizing	contextualize	VERB
elsr-56850	16	25	it	it	PRON
elsr-56850	16	26	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	16	27	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	16	28	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	16	30	possibly	possibly	ADV
elsr-56850	16	31	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	16	32	specific	specific	ADJ
elsr-56850	16	33	cultural	cultural	ADJ
elsr-56850	16	34	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	16	35	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	16	36	settings	setting	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	16	38	bridging	bridge	VERB
elsr-56850	16	39	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	16	40	technology	technology	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	41	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	42	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	16	43	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	16	44	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	16	45	writings	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	46	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	16	47	informing	inform	VERB
elsr-56850	16	48	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	49	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	16	50	interventions	intervention	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	51	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	16	52	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	16	53	instructional	instructional	ADJ
elsr-56850	16	54	design	design	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	55	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	16	56	offering	offer	VERB
elsr-56850	16	57	actionable	actionable	ADJ
elsr-56850	16	58	implications	implication	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	59	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	16	60	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	16	61	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
elsr-56850	16	62	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	17	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	17	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	17	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	17	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	17	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	17	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	17	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	17	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	17	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	18	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	18	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	18	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	18	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	18	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	18	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	18	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	18	8	14	14	NUM
elsr-56850	18	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	18	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	18	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	18	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	18	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	19	1	keywords	keyword	VERB
elsr-56850	19	2	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	19	3	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	19	5	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	19	6	literacy	literacy	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	19	8	mobile	mobile	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	9	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	19	10	assisted	assist	VERB
elsr-56850	19	11	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	12	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	19	14	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	19	15	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	19	17	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	18	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	19	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	19	20	.	.	X
elsr-56850	19	21	introduction	introduction	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	22	various	various	ADJ
elsr-56850	19	23	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	19	24	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	25	sites	site	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	26	like	like	ADP
elsr-56850	19	27	facebook	facebook	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	19	29	twitter	twitter	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	19	31	instagram	instagram	PROPN
elsr-56850	19	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	19	33	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	19	34	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	35	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	36	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	19	37	become	become	VERB
elsr-56850	19	38	very	very	ADV
elsr-56850	19	39	popular	popular	ADJ
elsr-56850	19	40	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	19	41	heavily	heavily	ADV
elsr-56850	19	42	utilized	utilize	VERB
elsr-56850	19	43	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	19	44	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	19	45	young	young	ADJ
elsr-56850	19	46	generations	generation	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	47	now	now	ADV
elsr-56850	19	48	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	19	49	they	they	PRON
elsr-56850	19	50	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	19	51	very	very	ADV
elsr-56850	19	52	often	often	ADV
elsr-56850	19	53	controlled	control	VERB
elsr-56850	19	54	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	19	55	these	these	DET
elsr-56850	19	56	technologies	technology	NOUN
elsr-56850	19	57	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	20	1	however	however	ADV
elsr-56850	20	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	20	3	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	20	4	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	20	5	media	media	NOUN
elsr-56850	20	6	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	20	7	has	have	VERB
elsr-56850	20	8	many	many	ADJ
elsr-56850	20	9	limitations	limitation	NOUN
elsr-56850	20	10	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	20	11	younger	young	ADJ
elsr-56850	20	12	generations	generation	NOUN
elsr-56850	20	13	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-56850	20	14	it	it	PRON
elsr-56850	20	15	comes	come	VERB
elsr-56850	20	16	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	20	17	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	20	18	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-56850	20	19	especially	especially	ADV
elsr-56850	20	20	english	english	PROPN
elsr-56850	20	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	21	1	they	they	PRON
elsr-56850	21	2	frequently	frequently	ADV
elsr-56850	21	3	employ	employ	VERB
elsr-56850	21	4	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	21	5	fashionable	fashionable	ADJ
elsr-56850	21	6	new	new	ADJ
elsr-56850	21	7	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	21	8	style	style	NOUN
elsr-56850	21	9	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	21	10	interact	interact	VERB
elsr-56850	21	11	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	21	12	others	other	NOUN
elsr-56850	21	13	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	21	14	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	21	15	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	21	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	21	17	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	21	18	influence	influence	VERB
elsr-56850	21	19	them	they	PRON
elsr-56850	21	20	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	21	21	follow	follow	VERB
elsr-56850	21	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	22	1	depending	depend	VERB
elsr-56850	22	2	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	22	3	how	how	SCONJ
elsr-56850	22	4	frequently	frequently	ADV
elsr-56850	22	5	technology	technology	NOUN
elsr-56850	22	6	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	22	7	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	22	8	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	22	9	people	people	NOUN
elsr-56850	22	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	22	11	particularly	particularly	ADV
elsr-56850	22	12	smartphones	smartphone	NOUN
elsr-56850	22	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	22	14	they	they	PRON
elsr-56850	22	15	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	22	16	developing	develop	VERB
elsr-56850	22	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	22	18	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-56850	22	19	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	22	20	new	new	ADJ
elsr-56850	22	21	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	22	22	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	22	23	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	22	24	through	through	ADP
elsr-56850	22	25	messaging	messaging	NOUN
elsr-56850	22	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	23	1	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-56850	23	2	thurlow	thurlow	NOUN
elsr-56850	23	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	23	4	brown	brown	ADJ
elsr-56850	23	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	23	6	2003	2003	NUM
elsr-56850	23	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	23	8	observe	observe	VERB
elsr-56850	23	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	23	10	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	23	11	computermediated	computermediate	VERB
elsr-56850	23	12	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	23	13	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	23	14	generated	generate	VERB
elsr-56850	23	15	new	new	ADJ
elsr-56850	23	16	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	23	17	practices	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	23	18	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	23	19	challenge	challenge	VERB
elsr-56850	23	20	traditional	traditional	ADJ
elsr-56850	23	21	norms	norm	NOUN
elsr-56850	23	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	23	23	spelling	spelling	NOUN
elsr-56850	23	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	23	25	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
elsr-56850	23	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	23	27	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	23	28	grammar	grammar	NOUN
elsr-56850	23	29	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	23	30	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	23	31	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	23	32	50	50	NUM
elsr-56850	23	33	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	23	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	24	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	24	2	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	24	3	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	24	4	age	age	NOUN
elsr-56850	24	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	24	6	technology	technology	NOUN
elsr-56850	24	7	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	24	8	employed	employ	VERB
elsr-56850	24	9	significantly	significantly	ADV
elsr-56850	24	10	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	24	11	promote	promote	VERB
elsr-56850	24	12	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-56850	24	13	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	24	14	especially	especially	ADV
elsr-56850	24	15	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	24	16	skill	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	24	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	25	1	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	25	2	new	new	ADJ
elsr-56850	25	3	online	online	ADJ
elsr-56850	25	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	25	5	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	25	6	being	be	AUX
elsr-56850	25	7	developed	develop	VERB
elsr-56850	25	8	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	25	9	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	25	10	result	result	NOUN
elsr-56850	25	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	25	12	technological	technological	ADJ
elsr-56850	25	13	advancement	advancement	NOUN
elsr-56850	25	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	25	15	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	25	16	internet	internet	NOUN
elsr-56850	25	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	26	1	people	people	NOUN
elsr-56850	26	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	26	3	particularly	particularly	ADV
elsr-56850	26	4	younger	young	ADJ
elsr-56850	26	5	generations	generation	NOUN
elsr-56850	26	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	26	7	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	26	8	included	include	VERB
elsr-56850	26	9	new	new	ADJ
elsr-56850	26	10	types	type	NOUN
elsr-56850	26	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	26	12	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	26	13	style	style	NOUN
elsr-56850	26	14	created	create	VERB
elsr-56850	26	15	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	26	16	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	26	17	online	online	ADJ
elsr-56850	26	18	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	26	19	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	26	20	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	26	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	27	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	27	2	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	27	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	27	4	usually	usually	ADV
elsr-56850	27	5	referred	refer	VERB
elsr-56850	27	6	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	27	7	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	27	8	internet	internet	NOUN
elsr-56850	27	9	slang	slang	PROPN
elsr-56850	27	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	27	11	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	27	12	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	27	13	variety	variety	NOUN
elsr-56850	27	14	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	27	15	slang	slang	PROPN
elsr-56850	27	16	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	27	17	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	27	18	imported	import	VERB
elsr-56850	27	19	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	27	20	various	various	ADJ
elsr-56850	27	21	users	user	NOUN
elsr-56850	27	22	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	27	23	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	27	24	internet	internet	NOUN
elsr-56850	27	25	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	27	26	crystal	crystal	NOUN
elsr-56850	27	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	27	28	2006	2006	NUM
elsr-56850	27	29	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	27	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	28	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	28	2	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	28	3	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	28	4	technological	technological	ADJ
elsr-56850	28	5	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	28	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	28	7	particularly	particularly	ADV
elsr-56850	28	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	28	9	smartphone	smartphone	NOUN
elsr-56850	28	10	messaging	messaging	NOUN
elsr-56850	28	11	programme	programme	NOUN
elsr-56850	28	12	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	28	13	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	28	14	user	user	NOUN
elsr-56850	28	15	interface	interface	NOUN
elsr-56850	28	16	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	28	17	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	28	18	reminiscent	reminiscent	ADJ
elsr-56850	28	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	28	20	blackberry	blackberry	PROPN
elsr-56850	28	21	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	28	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	29	1	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-56850	29	2	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	29	3	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	29	4	uses	use	VERB
elsr-56850	29	5	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	29	6	same	same	ADJ
elsr-56850	29	7	internet	internet	NOUN
elsr-56850	29	8	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	29	9	plan	plan	NOUN
elsr-56850	29	10	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	29	11	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	29	12	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	29	13	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	29	14	email	email	NOUN
elsr-56850	29	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	29	16	web	web	NOUN
elsr-56850	29	17	surfing	surfing	NOUN
elsr-56850	29	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	29	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	29	20	other	other	ADJ
elsr-56850	29	21	activities	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	29	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	29	23	users	user	NOUN
elsr-56850	29	24	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	29	25	communicate	communicate	VERB
elsr-56850	29	26	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	29	27	one	one	NUM
elsr-56850	29	28	another	another	DET
elsr-56850	29	29	without	without	ADP
elsr-56850	29	30	having	have	VERB
elsr-56850	29	31	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	29	32	pay	pay	VERB
elsr-56850	29	33	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	29	34	sms	sms	PROPN
elsr-56850	29	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	30	1	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	30	2	church	church	NOUN
elsr-56850	30	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	30	4	de	de	PROPN
elsr-56850	30	5	oliveira	oliveira	PROPN
elsr-56850	30	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	30	7	2013	2013	NUM
elsr-56850	30	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	30	9	note	note	NOUN
elsr-56850	30	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	30	11	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	30	12	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	30	13	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	30	14	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	30	15	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	30	16	cross	cross	ADJ
elsr-56850	30	17	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	30	18	platform	platform	ADJ
elsr-56850	30	19	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	30	20	messaging	message	VERB
elsr-56850	30	21	app	app	NOUN
elsr-56850	30	22	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	30	23	allows	allow	VERB
elsr-56850	30	24	users	user	NOUN
elsr-56850	30	25	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	30	26	exchange	exchange	VERB
elsr-56850	30	27	messages	message	NOUN
elsr-56850	30	28	without	without	ADP
elsr-56850	30	29	having	have	VERB
elsr-56850	30	30	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	30	31	pay	pay	VERB
elsr-56850	30	32	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	30	33	sms	sm	NOUN
elsr-56850	30	34	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	30	35	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	30	36	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	30	37	354	354	NUM
elsr-56850	30	38	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	30	39	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	31	1	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	31	2	app	app	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	3	employs	employ	VERB
elsr-56850	31	4	3	3	NUM
elsr-56850	31	5	g	g	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	6	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	31	7	wi	wi	PROPN
elsr-56850	31	8	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	31	9	fi	fi	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	10	connections	connection	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	11	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	31	12	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	13	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	14	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	31	15	enables	enable	VERB
elsr-56850	31	16	users	user	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	17	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	31	18	communicate	communicate	VERB
elsr-56850	31	19	online	online	ADV
elsr-56850	31	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	31	21	share	share	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	22	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	31	24	swap	swap	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	25	images	image	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	31	27	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	31	28	more	more	ADJ
elsr-56850	31	29	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	31	30	bouhnik	bouhnik	X
elsr-56850	31	31	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	31	32	deshen	deshen	NOUN
elsr-56850	31	33	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	31	34	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-56850	31	35	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	31	36	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	32	1	since	since	SCONJ
elsr-56850	32	2	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	32	3	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	32	4	become	become	VERB
elsr-56850	32	5	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	32	6	common	common	ADJ
elsr-56850	32	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	32	8	essential	essential	ADJ
elsr-56850	32	9	means	mean	NOUN
elsr-56850	32	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	32	11	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	32	12	connection	connection	NOUN
elsr-56850	32	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	32	14	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	32	15	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	32	16	more	more	ADV
elsr-56850	32	17	exposed	expose	VERB
elsr-56850	32	18	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	32	19	it	it	PRON
elsr-56850	32	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	32	21	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	32	22	more	more	ADV
elsr-56850	32	23	likely	likely	ADJ
elsr-56850	32	24	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	32	25	be	be	AUX
elsr-56850	32	26	affected	affect	VERB
elsr-56850	32	27	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	32	28	it	it	PRON
elsr-56850	32	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	33	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	33	2	addition	addition	NOUN
elsr-56850	33	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	33	4	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	33	5	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	33	6	been	be	AUX
elsr-56850	33	7	very	very	ADV
elsr-56850	33	8	helpful	helpful	ADJ
elsr-56850	33	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	33	10	various	various	ADJ
elsr-56850	33	11	ways	way	NOUN
elsr-56850	33	12	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	33	13	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	33	14	variety	variety	NOUN
elsr-56850	33	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	33	16	objectives	objective	NOUN
elsr-56850	33	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	34	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	34	2	instance	instance	NOUN
elsr-56850	34	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	34	4	youtube	youtube	NOUN
elsr-56850	34	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	34	6	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	34	7	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	34	8	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	34	9	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	34	10	online	online	ADJ
elsr-56850	34	11	video	video	NOUN
elsr-56850	34	12	streaming	streaming	NOUN
elsr-56850	34	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	34	14	novel	novel	ADJ
elsr-56850	34	15	sharing	sharing	NOUN
elsr-56850	34	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	34	17	respectively	respectively	ADV
elsr-56850	34	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	35	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	35	2	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	35	3	also	also	ADV
elsr-56850	35	4	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	35	5	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	35	6	an	an	DET
elsr-56850	35	7	important	important	ADJ
elsr-56850	35	8	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	35	9	tool	tool	NOUN
elsr-56850	35	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	35	11	educational	educational	ADJ
elsr-56850	35	12	settings	setting	NOUN
elsr-56850	35	13	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	35	14	blended	blended	ADJ
elsr-56850	35	15	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	35	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	35	17	online	online	ADJ
elsr-56850	35	18	note	note	NOUN
elsr-56850	35	19	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	35	20	sharing	sharing	NOUN
elsr-56850	35	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	35	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	35	23	educational	educational	ADJ
elsr-56850	35	24	video	video	NOUN
elsr-56850	35	25	sharing	sharing	NOUN
elsr-56850	35	26	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	35	27	yeboah	yeboah	NOUN
elsr-56850	35	28	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	35	29	ewur	ewur	PROPN
elsr-56850	35	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	35	31	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-56850	35	32	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	35	33	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	36	1	facebook	facebook	NOUN
elsr-56850	36	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	36	3	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	36	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	36	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	36	6	youtube	youtube	NOUN
elsr-56850	36	7	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	36	8	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	36	9	three	three	NUM
elsr-56850	36	10	most	most	ADV
elsr-56850	36	11	popular	popular	ADJ
elsr-56850	36	12	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	36	13	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	36	14	platforms	platform	NOUN
elsr-56850	36	15	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	36	16	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	36	17	level	level	NOUN
elsr-56850	36	18	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	36	19	typically	typically	ADV
elsr-56850	36	20	utilize	utilize	VERB
elsr-56850	36	21	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	36	22	relationship	relationship	NOUN
elsr-56850	36	23	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	36	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	36	25	direct	direct	ADJ
elsr-56850	36	26	contact	contact	NOUN
elsr-56850	36	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	36	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	36	29	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	36	30	involvement	involvement	NOUN
elsr-56850	36	31	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	36	32	al	al	PROPN
elsr-56850	36	33	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	36	34	said	say	VERB
elsr-56850	36	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	36	36	2015	2015	NUM
elsr-56850	36	37	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	36	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	37	1	formality	formality	NOUN
elsr-56850	37	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	37	3	sentence	sentence	NOUN
elsr-56850	37	4	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	37	5	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
elsr-56850	37	6	structure	structure	NOUN
elsr-56850	37	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	37	8	spelling	spelling	NOUN
elsr-56850	37	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	37	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	37	11	grammar	grammar	NOUN
elsr-56850	37	12	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	37	13	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	37	14	key	key	ADJ
elsr-56850	37	15	problems	problem	NOUN
elsr-56850	37	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	37	17	frequent	frequent	ADJ
elsr-56850	37	18	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	37	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	37	20	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	37	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	37	22	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	37	23	been	be	AUX
elsr-56850	37	24	found	find	VERB
elsr-56850	37	25	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	37	26	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	37	27	majority	majority	NOUN
elsr-56850	37	28	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	37	29	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	37	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	38	1	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-56850	38	2	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	38	3	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	38	4	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	38	5	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	38	6	papers	paper	NOUN
elsr-56850	38	7	very	very	ADV
elsr-56850	38	8	casually	casually	ADV
elsr-56850	38	9	adopting	adopt	VERB
elsr-56850	38	10	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	38	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	38	12	formality	formality	NOUN
elsr-56850	38	13	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	38	14	becoming	become	VERB
elsr-56850	38	15	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	38	16	problem	problem	NOUN
elsr-56850	38	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	39	1	according	accord	VERB
elsr-56850	39	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	39	3	perkins	perkins	PROPN
elsr-56850	39	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	39	5	2015	2015	NUM
elsr-56850	39	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	39	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	39	8	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	39	9	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	39	10	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	VERB
elsr-56850	39	11	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	39	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	39	13	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	39	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	39	15	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	39	16	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	39	17	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	39	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	40	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	40	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	40	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	40	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	40	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	40	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	40	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	40	8	15	15	NUM
elsr-56850	40	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	40	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	40	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	40	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	40	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	41	1	tend	tend	VERB
elsr-56850	41	2	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	41	3	use	use	VERB
elsr-56850	41	4	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
elsr-56850	41	5	sentences	sentence	NOUN
elsr-56850	41	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	41	7	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	41	8	abbreviations	abbreviation	NOUN
elsr-56850	41	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	41	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	41	11	nonstandard	nonstandard	ADJ
elsr-56850	41	12	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
elsr-56850	41	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	41	14	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	41	15	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	41	16	influenced	influence	VERB
elsr-56850	41	17	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	41	18	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	41	19	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	41	20	discourse	discourse	NOUN
elsr-56850	41	21	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	42	1	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	42	2	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	42	3	22	22	NUM
elsr-56850	42	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	42	5	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	43	1	this	this	PRON
elsr-56850	43	2	also	also	ADV
elsr-56850	43	3	relates	relate	VERB
elsr-56850	43	4	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	43	5	grammar	grammar	NOUN
elsr-56850	43	6	issues	issue	NOUN
elsr-56850	43	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	43	8	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-56850	43	9	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	43	10	frequently	frequently	ADV
elsr-56850	43	11	utilize	utilize	VERB
elsr-56850	43	12	abbreviations	abbreviation	NOUN
elsr-56850	43	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	43	14	internet	internet	NOUN
elsr-56850	43	15	slang	slang	PROPN
elsr-56850	43	16	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	43	17	keep	keep	VERB
elsr-56850	43	18	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	43	19	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	43	20	brief	brief	NOUN
elsr-56850	43	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	43	22	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	43	23	has	have	VERB
elsr-56850	43	24	an	an	DET
elsr-56850	43	25	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	43	26	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	43	27	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	43	28	official	official	ADJ
elsr-56850	43	29	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	43	30	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	43	31	andujar	andujar	PROPN
elsr-56850	43	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	43	33	2016	2016	NUM
elsr-56850	43	34	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	43	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	44	1	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	44	2	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	44	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	44	4	professional	professional	ADJ
elsr-56850	44	5	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	44	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	44	7	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	44	8	mindset	mindset	NOUN
elsr-56850	44	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	44	10	style	style	NOUN
elsr-56850	44	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	44	12	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	44	13	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	44	14	inappropriate	inappropriate	ADJ
elsr-56850	44	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	45	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
elsr-56850	45	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	45	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	45	4	aim	aim	NOUN
elsr-56850	45	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	45	6	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	45	7	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	45	8	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	45	9	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	45	10	investigate	investigate	VERB
elsr-56850	45	11	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	45	12	types	type	NOUN
elsr-56850	45	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	45	14	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	45	15	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	45	16	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
elsr-56850	45	17	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	45	18	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	45	19	make	make	VERB
elsr-56850	45	20	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV
elsr-56850	45	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	45	22	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	45	23	happens	happen	VERB
elsr-56850	45	24	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	45	25	being	be	AUX
elsr-56850	45	26	influenced	influence	VERB
elsr-56850	45	27	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	45	28	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	45	29	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	45	30	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	45	31	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	45	32	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	45	33	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	45	34	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	45	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	46	1	however	however	ADV
elsr-56850	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	46	3	improper	improper	ADJ
elsr-56850	46	4	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	46	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	46	6	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	46	7	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	46	8	have	have	VERB
elsr-56850	46	9	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	46	10	detrimental	detrimental	ADJ
elsr-56850	46	11	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	46	12	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	46	13	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	46	14	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	46	15	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	46	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	47	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	47	2	results	result	NOUN
elsr-56850	47	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
elsr-56850	47	4	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	47	5	some	some	DET
elsr-56850	47	6	respondents	respondent	NOUN
elsr-56850	47	7	do	do	AUX
elsr-56850	47	8	not	not	PART
elsr-56850	47	9	think	think	VERB
elsr-56850	47	10	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	47	11	networking	networking	NOUN
elsr-56850	47	12	sites	site	NOUN
elsr-56850	47	13	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	47	14	help	help	VERB
elsr-56850	47	15	them	they	PRON
elsr-56850	47	16	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	47	17	write	write	VERB
elsr-56850	47	18	better	well	ADV
elsr-56850	47	19	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	47	20	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	47	21	improve	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	47	22	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	47	23	grammar	grammar	NOUN
elsr-56850	47	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	47	25	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
elsr-56850	47	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	47	27	spelling	spelling	NOUN
elsr-56850	47	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	47	29	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	47	30	other	other	ADJ
elsr-56850	47	31	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	47	32	qualities	quality	NOUN
elsr-56850	47	33	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	47	34	ahmed	ahme	VERB
elsr-56850	47	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	47	36	2019	2019	NUM
elsr-56850	47	37	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	47	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	48	1	due	due	ADP
elsr-56850	48	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	48	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	48	4	ease	ease	NOUN
elsr-56850	48	5	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	48	6	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	48	7	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	48	8	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	48	9	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	48	10	accessible	accessible	ADJ
elsr-56850	48	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	48	12	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	48	13	abundance	abundance	NOUN
elsr-56850	48	14	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	48	15	materials	material	NOUN
elsr-56850	48	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	48	17	some	some	DET
elsr-56850	48	18	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	48	19	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	48	20	even	even	ADV
elsr-56850	48	21	plagiarize	plagiarize	VERB
elsr-56850	48	22	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	48	23	works	work	NOUN
elsr-56850	48	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	48	25	others	other	NOUN
elsr-56850	48	26	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	48	27	odewale	odewale	NOUN
elsr-56850	48	28	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	48	29	olajide	olajide	NOUN
elsr-56850	48	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	48	31	2016	2016	NUM
elsr-56850	48	32	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	48	33	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	49	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	49	2	addition	addition	NOUN
elsr-56850	49	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	49	4	they	they	PRON
elsr-56850	49	5	concur	concur	VERB
elsr-56850	49	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	49	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	49	8	they	they	PRON
elsr-56850	49	9	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	49	10	pushed	push	VERB
elsr-56850	49	11	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	49	12	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	49	13	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	49	14	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	49	15	write	write	VERB
elsr-56850	49	16	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	49	17	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	49	18	different	different	ADJ
elsr-56850	49	19	code	code	NOUN
elsr-56850	49	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	50	1	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-56850	50	2	communicating	communicate	VERB
elsr-56850	50	3	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	50	4	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	50	5	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	50	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	50	7	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	50	8	majority	majority	NOUN
elsr-56850	50	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	50	10	respondents	respondent	NOUN
elsr-56850	50	11	feel	feel	VERB
elsr-56850	50	12	more	more	ADV
elsr-56850	50	13	at	at	ADP
elsr-56850	50	14	ease	ease	NOUN
elsr-56850	50	15	using	use	VERB
elsr-56850	50	16	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	50	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	50	18	vogue	vogue	NOUN
elsr-56850	50	19	english	english	PROPN
elsr-56850	50	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	50	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	50	22	they	they	PRON
elsr-56850	50	23	only	only	ADV
elsr-56850	50	24	employ	employ	VERB
elsr-56850	50	25	formality	formality	NOUN
elsr-56850	50	26	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-56850	50	27	they	they	PRON
elsr-56850	50	28	want	want	VERB
elsr-56850	50	29	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	50	30	enhance	enhance	VERB
elsr-56850	50	31	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	50	32	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	50	33	skill	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	50	34	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	50	35	yeboah	yeboah	NOUN
elsr-56850	50	36	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	50	37	ewur	ewur	PROPN
elsr-56850	50	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	50	39	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-56850	50	40	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	50	41	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	51	1	1.1	1.1	NUM
elsr-56850	51	2	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	3	objectives	objective	VERB
elsr-56850	51	4	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	51	5	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	6	goals	goal	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	7	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	51	8	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	51	9	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
elsr-56850	51	10	whether	whether	SCONJ
elsr-56850	51	11	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	12	improves	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	51	13	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	14	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	51	16	identifies	identify	VERB
elsr-56850	51	17	particular	particular	ADJ
elsr-56850	51	18	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	19	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	51	20	such	such	ADJ
elsr-56850	51	21	grammar	grammar	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	22	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	51	23	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	24	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	51	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	51	26	analyses	analyse	VERB
elsr-56850	51	27	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	51	28	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-56850	51	29	consequences	consequence	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	51	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	51	32	examines	examine	VERB
elsr-56850	51	33	how	how	SCONJ
elsr-56850	51	34	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	35	affects	affect	VERB
elsr-56850	51	36	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	37	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	51	38	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	39	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	51	40	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
elsr-56850	51	41	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	51	42	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	52	1	➢	➢	NOUN
elsr-56850	52	2	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	52	3	assess	assess	VERB
elsr-56850	52	4	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	52	5	influence	influence	NOUN
elsr-56850	52	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	52	7	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	52	8	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	52	9	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	52	10	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	52	11	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	52	12	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	52	13	skill	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	52	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	53	1	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	53	2	target	target	NOUN
elsr-56850	53	3	tries	try	VERB
elsr-56850	53	4	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	53	5	link	link	VERB
elsr-56850	53	6	frequent	frequent	ADJ
elsr-56850	53	7	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	53	8	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	53	9	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	53	10	written	write	VERB
elsr-56850	53	11	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	53	12	improvements	improvement	NOUN
elsr-56850	53	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	54	1	➢	➢	VERB
elsr-56850	54	2	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	54	3	examine	examine	VERB
elsr-56850	54	4	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	54	5	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	54	6	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	54	7	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	54	8	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	54	9	abilities	ability	NOUN
elsr-56850	54	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	54	11	including	include	VERB
elsr-56850	54	12	grammar	grammar	NOUN
elsr-56850	54	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	54	14	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
elsr-56850	54	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	54	16	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
elsr-56850	54	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	54	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	54	19	sentence	sentence	NOUN
elsr-56850	54	20	structure	structure	NOUN
elsr-56850	54	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	55	1	➢	➢	VERB
elsr-56850	55	2	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	55	3	explore	explore	VERB
elsr-56850	55	4	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	55	5	benefits	benefit	NOUN
elsr-56850	55	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	55	7	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	55	8	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	55	9	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	55	10	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	55	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	55	12	including	include	VERB
elsr-56850	55	13	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	55	14	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
elsr-56850	55	15	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	55	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	55	17	engagement	engagement	NOUN
elsr-56850	55	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	55	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	55	20	constant	constant	ADJ
elsr-56850	55	21	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	55	22	outside	outside	ADP
elsr-56850	55	23	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	55	24	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	55	25	classroom	classroom	NOUN
elsr-56850	55	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	56	1	➢	➢	NOUN
elsr-56850	56	2	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	56	3	examine	examine	VERB
elsr-56850	56	4	possible	possible	ADJ
elsr-56850	56	5	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-56850	56	6	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-56850	56	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	56	8	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	56	9	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	56	10	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	56	11	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	56	12	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	56	13	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	56	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	56	15	including	include	VERB
elsr-56850	56	16	casual	casual	ADJ
elsr-56850	56	17	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	56	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	56	19	plagiarism	plagiarism	NOUN
elsr-56850	56	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	56	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	56	22	lack	lack	NOUN
elsr-56850	56	23	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	56	24	organised	organised	ADJ
elsr-56850	56	25	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	56	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	57	1	➢	➢	NOUN
elsr-56850	57	2	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	57	3	explore	explore	VERB
elsr-56850	57	4	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	57	5	relationship	relationship	NOUN
elsr-56850	57	6	between	between	ADP
elsr-56850	57	7	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	57	8	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	57	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	57	10	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	57	11	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	57	12	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	57	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	57	14	confidence	confidence	NOUN
elsr-56850	57	15	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	57	16	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	57	17	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	57	18	abilities	ability	NOUN
elsr-56850	57	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	58	1	➢	➢	NOUN
elsr-56850	58	2	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	58	3	compare	compare	VERB
elsr-56850	58	4	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	58	5	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	58	6	performance	performance	NOUN
elsr-56850	58	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	58	8	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	58	9	who	who	PRON
elsr-56850	58	10	use	use	VERB
elsr-56850	58	11	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	58	12	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	58	13	those	those	PRON
elsr-56850	58	14	who	who	PRON
elsr-56850	58	15	do	do	VERB
elsr-56850	58	16	not	not	PART
elsr-56850	58	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	58	18	using	use	VERB
elsr-56850	58	19	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	58	20	control	control	NOUN
elsr-56850	58	21	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	58	22	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	58	23	preand	preand	VERB
elsr-56850	58	24	post	post	ADJ
elsr-56850	58	25	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	58	26	test	test	ADJ
elsr-56850	58	27	design	design	NOUN
elsr-56850	58	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	59	1	1.2	1.2	NUM
elsr-56850	59	2	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	3	questions	question	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	4	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	59	5	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	6	questions	question	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	59	8	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	59	9	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	10	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	59	11	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-56850	59	12	follows	follow	VERB
elsr-56850	59	13	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	59	14	➢	➢	VERB
elsr-56850	59	15	what	what	DET
elsr-56850	59	16	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	17	does	do	AUX
elsr-56850	59	18	utilising	utilise	VERB
elsr-56850	59	19	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	20	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	21	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	59	22	casual	casual	ADJ
elsr-56850	59	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	59	24	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	25	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	26	exercises	exercise	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	27	have	have	VERB
elsr-56850	59	28	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	59	29	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	59	30	level	level	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	31	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	32	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	59	33	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	59	34	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	59	35	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	36	abilities	ability	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	37	as	as	ADV
elsr-56850	59	38	well	well	ADV
elsr-56850	59	39	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	59	40	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	59	41	spelling	spelling	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	42	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	59	43	grammar	grammar	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	44	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	59	45	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	59	46	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	47	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	59	48	?	?	PUNCT
elsr-56850	60	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	60	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	60	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	60	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	60	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	60	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	60	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	60	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	60	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	61	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	61	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	61	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	61	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	61	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	61	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	61	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	61	8	16	16	NUM
elsr-56850	61	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	61	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	61	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	61	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	61	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	61	14	➢	➢	VERB
elsr-56850	62	1	what	what	DET
elsr-56850	62	2	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	62	3	does	do	AUX
elsr-56850	62	4	using	use	VERB
elsr-56850	62	5	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	62	6	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	62	7	have	have	VERB
elsr-56850	62	8	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	62	9	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	62	10	level	level	NOUN
elsr-56850	62	11	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	62	12	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	62	13	desire	desire	NOUN
elsr-56850	62	14	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	62	15	write	write	VERB
elsr-56850	62	16	more	more	ADJ
elsr-56850	62	17	?	?	PUNCT
elsr-56850	63	1	➢	➢	VERB
elsr-56850	63	2	what	what	PRON
elsr-56850	63	3	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	63	4	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	63	5	most	most	ADV
elsr-56850	63	6	common	common	ADJ
elsr-56850	63	7	types	type	NOUN
elsr-56850	63	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	63	9	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	63	10	errors	error	NOUN
elsr-56850	63	11	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	63	12	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	63	13	make	make	VERB
elsr-56850	63	14	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-56850	63	15	using	use	VERB
elsr-56850	63	16	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	63	17	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	63	18	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	63	19	purposes	purpose	NOUN
elsr-56850	63	20	due	due	ADP
elsr-56850	63	21	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	63	22	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	63	23	platform	platform	NOUN
elsr-56850	63	24	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	63	25	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	63	26	nature	nature	NOUN
elsr-56850	63	27	?	?	PUNCT
elsr-56850	64	1	➢	➢	VERB
elsr-56850	64	2	how	how	SCONJ
elsr-56850	64	3	do	do	AUX
elsr-56850	64	4	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	64	5	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	64	6	perceive	perceive	VERB
elsr-56850	64	7	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	64	8	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	64	9	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	64	10	whatsapp	whatsapp	ADJ
elsr-56850	64	11	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	64	12	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	64	13	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	64	14	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	64	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	64	16	both	both	CCONJ
elsr-56850	64	17	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	64	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	64	19	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	64	20	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	64	21	skill	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	64	22	?	?	PUNCT
elsr-56850	65	1	2	2	X
elsr-56850	65	2	.	.	X
elsr-56850	65	3	literature	literature	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	4	review	review	VERB
elsr-56850	65	5	2.1	2.1	NUM
elsr-56850	65	6	mall	mall	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	7	conceptual	conceptual	PROPN
elsr-56850	65	8	foundation	foundation	PROPN
elsr-56850	65	9	smartphones	smartphone	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	65	11	instant	instant	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	12	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	65	13	messaging	message	VERB
elsr-56850	65	14	applications	application	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	15	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	65	16	been	be	AUX
elsr-56850	65	17	framed	frame	VERB
elsr-56850	65	18	under	under	ADP
elsr-56850	65	19	mobile	mobile	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	20	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	65	21	assisted	assist	VERB
elsr-56850	65	22	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	23	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	24	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	65	25	mall	mall	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	26	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	65	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	65	28	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	65	29	emphasises	emphasise	VERB
elsr-56850	65	30	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	65	31	ability	ability	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	32	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	65	33	enable	enable	VERB
elsr-56850	65	34	contact	contact	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	65	36	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	65	38	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	65	39	contextual	contextual	ADJ
elsr-56850	65	40	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	41	outside	outside	ADP
elsr-56850	65	42	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	65	43	classroom	classroom	NOUN
elsr-56850	65	44	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	66	1	kukulska	kukulska	PROPN
elsr-56850	66	2	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	66	3	hulme	hulme	PROPN
elsr-56850	66	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	66	5	shield	shield	PROPN
elsr-56850	66	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	66	7	2008	2008	NUM
elsr-56850	66	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	66	9	highlight	highlight	VERB
elsr-56850	66	10	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	66	11	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	66	12	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	66	13	devices	device	NOUN
elsr-56850	66	14	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	66	15	particularly	particularly	ADV
elsr-56850	66	16	suited	suit	VERB
elsr-56850	66	17	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	66	18	supporting	support	VERB
elsr-56850	66	19	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	66	20	contacts	contact	NOUN
elsr-56850	66	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	66	22	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
elsr-56850	66	23	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	66	24	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	66	25	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	66	26	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	66	27	learner	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	66	28	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	66	29	driven	drive	VERB
elsr-56850	66	30	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	66	31	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	66	32	replacing	replace	VERB
elsr-56850	66	33	teacher	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	66	34	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	66	35	led	lead	VERB
elsr-56850	66	36	ones	one	NOUN
elsr-56850	66	37	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	66	38	pp	pp	ADV
elsr-56850	66	39	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	67	1	271–289	271–289	NUM
elsr-56850	67	2	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	67	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	68	1	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	68	2	viewpoint	viewpoint	NOUN
elsr-56850	68	3	supports	support	VERB
elsr-56850	68	4	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	68	5	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	68	6	uses	use	VERB
elsr-56850	68	7	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	68	8	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	68	9	an	an	DET
elsr-56850	68	10	educational	educational	ADJ
elsr-56850	68	11	affordance	affordance	NOUN
elsr-56850	68	12	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	68	13	bring	bring	VERB
elsr-56850	68	14	rehearsal	rehearsal	NOUN
elsr-56850	68	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	68	16	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	68	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	68	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	68	19	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	68	20	scaffolding	scaffold	VERB
elsr-56850	68	21	into	into	ADP
elsr-56850	68	22	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	68	23	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	68	24	daily	daily	ADJ
elsr-56850	68	25	life	life	NOUN
elsr-56850	68	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	69	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
elsr-56850	69	2	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	69	3	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	69	4	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	69	5	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	69	6	space	space	NOUN
elsr-56850	69	7	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	69	8	benefits	benefit	NOUN
elsr-56850	69	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	69	10	applications	application	NOUN
elsr-56850	69	11	early	early	ADJ
elsr-56850	69	12	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	69	13	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	69	14	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	69	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	69	16	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	69	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	69	18	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	69	19	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	69	20	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	69	21	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	69	22	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	69	23	shown	show	VERB
elsr-56850	69	24	numerous	numerous	ADJ
elsr-56850	69	25	common	common	ADJ
elsr-56850	69	26	purposes	purpose	NOUN
elsr-56850	69	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	70	1	according	accord	VERB
elsr-56850	70	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	70	3	bouhnik	bouhnik	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	70	5	deshen	deshen	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	6	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	70	7	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	70	8	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-56850	70	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	70	10	interview	interview	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	11	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	70	13	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	14	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	70	15	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	70	16	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	70	17	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	70	18	communicating	communicate	VERB
elsr-56850	70	19	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	70	20	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	21	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-56850	70	22	nurturing	nurture	VERB
elsr-56850	70	23	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	70	24	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	70	25	atmosphere	atmosphere	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	26	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-56850	70	27	creating	create	VERB
elsr-56850	70	28	dialogue	dialogue	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	29	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	70	30	encouraging	encourage	VERB
elsr-56850	70	31	sharing	sharing	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	32	among	among	ADP
elsr-56850	70	33	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	34	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-56850	70	35	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	70	36	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	70	37	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	70	38	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	39	platform	platform	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	40	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	70	41	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	70	42	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	70	43	217	217	NUM
elsr-56850	70	44	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	70	45	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	71	1	technical	technical	ADJ
elsr-56850	71	2	advantages	advantage	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	3	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	71	4	cheap	cheap	ADJ
elsr-56850	71	5	cost	cost	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	71	7	immediacy	immediacy	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	71	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	71	10	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
elsr-56850	71	11	advantages	advantage	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	12	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	71	13	extended	extended	ADJ
elsr-56850	71	14	access	access	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	15	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	71	16	materials	material	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	71	18	continuation	continuation	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	71	20	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-56850	71	21	beyond	beyond	ADP
elsr-56850	71	22	class	class	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	23	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	71	24	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	71	25	highlighted	highlight	VERB
elsr-56850	71	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	71	27	along	along	ADP
elsr-56850	71	28	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	71	29	practical	practical	ADJ
elsr-56850	71	30	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	31	including	include	VERB
elsr-56850	71	32	message	message	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	33	overload	overload	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	34	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	71	35	expectations	expectation	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	36	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	71	37	24/7	24/7	NUM
elsr-56850	71	38	instructor	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	39	availability	availability	NOUN
elsr-56850	71	40	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	72	1	these	these	DET
elsr-56850	72	2	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	72	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
elsr-56850	72	4	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	72	5	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	72	6	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	72	7	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
elsr-56850	72	8	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	72	9	–	–	PUNCT
elsr-56850	72	10	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
elsr-56850	72	11	venue	venue	NOUN
elsr-56850	72	12	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	72	13	casual	casual	ADJ
elsr-56850	72	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	72	15	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
elsr-56850	72	16	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	72	17	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	72	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	73	1	2.3	2.3	NUM
elsr-56850	73	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-56850	73	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
elsr-56850	73	4	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	73	5	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	73	6	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	73	7	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	73	8	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	73	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	73	10	fluency	fluency	NOUN
elsr-56850	73	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	73	12	complexity	complexity	NOUN
elsr-56850	73	13	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	73	14	growing	grow	VERB
elsr-56850	73	15	body	body	NOUN
elsr-56850	73	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	73	17	quasi	quasi	ADJ
elsr-56850	73	18	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	73	19	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-56850	73	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	73	21	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
elsr-56850	73	22	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	73	23	examines	examine	VERB
elsr-56850	73	24	whether	whether	SCONJ
elsr-56850	73	25	regular	regular	ADJ
elsr-56850	73	26	whatsapp/	whatsapp/	NUM
elsr-56850	73	27	mim	mim	PROPN
elsr-56850	73	28	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	73	29	produces	produce	VERB
elsr-56850	73	30	measurable	measurable	ADJ
elsr-56850	73	31	gains	gain	NOUN
elsr-56850	73	32	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	73	33	written	write	VERB
elsr-56850	73	34	performance	performance	NOUN
elsr-56850	73	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	1	andújar	andújar	PROPN
elsr-56850	74	2	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	74	3	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
elsr-56850	74	4	quasi	quasi	ADJ
elsr-56850	74	5	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	74	6	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-56850	74	7	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	8	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	9	2016	2016	NUM
elsr-56850	74	10	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	11	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	74	12	spanish	spanish	ADJ
elsr-56850	74	13	university	university	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	14	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	15	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	16	daily	daily	ADJ
elsr-56850	74	17	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	18	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	19	over	over	ADP
elsr-56850	74	20	six	six	NUM
elsr-56850	74	21	months	month	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	22	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	23	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	74	24	reported	report	VERB
elsr-56850	74	25	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	74	26	measures	measure	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	27	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	74	28	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	29	improved	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	74	30	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	31	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	32	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	74	33	ratios	ratio	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	34	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	74	35	lexical	lexical	ADJ
elsr-56850	74	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	37	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
elsr-56850	74	38	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	74	39	mechanical	mechanical	ADJ
elsr-56850	74	40	errors	error	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	41	…	…	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	42	indicated	indicate	VERB
elsr-56850	74	43	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-56850	74	44	differences	difference	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	45	between	between	ADP
elsr-56850	74	46	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	74	47	control	control	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	48	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	74	49	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-56850	74	50	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	51	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	74	52	terms	term	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	53	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	74	54	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	55	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	56	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	57	andújar	andújar	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	58	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	59	2016	2016	NUM
elsr-56850	74	60	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	61	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	74	62	63	63	NUM
elsr-56850	74	63	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	74	64	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	75	1	however	however	ADV
elsr-56850	75	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	75	3	andújar	andújar	NOUN
elsr-56850	75	4	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	75	5	also	also	ADV
elsr-56850	75	6	found	find	VERB
elsr-56850	75	7	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	75	8	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
elsr-56850	75	9	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	75	10	complexity	complexity	NOUN
elsr-56850	75	11	measures	measure	NOUN
elsr-56850	75	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	75	13	lexical	lexical	ADJ
elsr-56850	75	14	diversity	diversity	NOUN
elsr-56850	75	15	do	do	AUX
elsr-56850	75	16	not	not	PART
elsr-56850	75	17	consistently	consistently	ADV
elsr-56850	75	18	change	change	VERB
elsr-56850	75	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	75	20	suggesting	suggest	VERB
elsr-56850	75	21	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	75	22	increased	increase	VERB
elsr-56850	75	23	written	write	VERB
elsr-56850	75	24	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	75	25	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	75	26	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	75	27	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	75	28	primarily	primarily	ADV
elsr-56850	75	29	support	support	VERB
elsr-56850	75	30	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	75	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	75	32	error	error	NOUN
elsr-56850	75	33	reduction	reduction	NOUN
elsr-56850	75	34	rather	rather	ADV
elsr-56850	75	35	than	than	ADP
elsr-56850	75	36	immediate	immediate	ADJ
elsr-56850	75	37	gains	gain	NOUN
elsr-56850	75	38	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	75	39	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
elsr-56850	75	40	sophistication	sophistication	NOUN
elsr-56850	75	41	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	76	1	complementary	complementary	ADJ
elsr-56850	76	2	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	76	3	report	report	VERB
elsr-56850	76	4	similar	similar	ADJ
elsr-56850	76	5	patterns	pattern	NOUN
elsr-56850	76	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	77	1	plana	plana	PROPN
elsr-56850	77	2	et	et	PROPN
elsr-56850	77	3	al	al	PROPN
elsr-56850	77	4	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	78	1	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	2	2013	2013	NUM
elsr-56850	78	3	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	4	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	78	5	found	find	VERB
elsr-56850	78	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	78	7	instant	instant	ADJ
elsr-56850	78	8	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	9	short	short	ADJ
elsr-56850	78	10	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	11	message	message	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	12	tasks	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	13	using	use	VERB
elsr-56850	78	14	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	15	increase	increase	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	16	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	78	18	out	out	ADP
elsr-56850	78	19	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	78	21	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	22	class	class	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	23	engagement	engagement	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	24	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	25	factors	factor	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	26	link	link	VERB
elsr-56850	78	27	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	78	28	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-56850	78	29	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	30	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	31	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	32	while	while	SCONJ
elsr-56850	78	33	some	some	DET
elsr-56850	78	34	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	35	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	36	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
elsr-56850	78	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	38	later	later	ADJ
elsr-56850	78	39	replication	replication	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	40	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	78	41	related	relate	VERB
elsr-56850	78	42	projects	project	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	43	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	44	show	show	VERB
elsr-56850	78	45	mixed	mixed	ADJ
elsr-56850	78	46	results	result	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	47	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	78	48	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	78	49	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	50	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	78	51	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	52	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	78	53	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	54	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	55	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	78	56	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	79	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	79	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	79	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	79	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	79	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	79	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	79	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	79	8	17	17	NUM
elsr-56850	79	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	79	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	79	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	79	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	79	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	79	14	measures	measure	NOUN
elsr-56850	79	15	such	such	ADJ
elsr-56850	79	16	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	79	17	lexical	lexical	ADJ
elsr-56850	79	18	diversity	diversity	NOUN
elsr-56850	79	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	79	20	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
elsr-56850	79	21	complexity	complexity	NOUN
elsr-56850	79	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	80	1	taken	take	VERB
elsr-56850	80	2	together	together	ADV
elsr-56850	80	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	80	4	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	80	5	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-56850	80	6	record	record	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	7	suggests	suggest	VERB
elsr-56850	80	8	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	80	9	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	10	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	80	11	raise	raise	VERB
elsr-56850	80	12	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	80	13	frequency	frequency	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	80	15	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	80	17	foster	foster	ADJ
elsr-56850	80	18	rehearsal	rehearsal	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	80	20	corrective	corrective	ADJ
elsr-56850	80	21	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	80	23	though	though	SCONJ
elsr-56850	80	24	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	80	25	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	26	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	80	27	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-56850	80	28	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	80	29	order	order	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	30	features	feature	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	31	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	80	32	complex	complex	ADJ
elsr-56850	80	33	sentence	sentence	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	34	structures	structure	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	80	36	lexical	lexical	ADJ
elsr-56850	80	37	range	range	NOUN
elsr-56850	80	38	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	80	39	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	80	40	less	less	ADV
elsr-56850	80	41	consistent	consistent	ADJ
elsr-56850	80	42	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	81	1	2.4	2.4	NUM
elsr-56850	81	2	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	3	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	81	5	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	81	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	81	8	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	81	9	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	81	10	constructivist	constructivist	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	11	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	12	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	13	frequently	frequently	ADV
elsr-56850	81	14	cite	cite	VERB
elsr-56850	81	15	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	81	16	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	81	17	constructivist	constructivist	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	18	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	19	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	81	20	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	21	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	81	23	zone	zone	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	81	25	proximal	proximal	ADJ
elsr-56850	81	26	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	27	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	81	28	zpd	zpd	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	29	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	81	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	81	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	81	32	co	co	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	33	-	-	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	34	construction	construction	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	35	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	81	36	meaning	meaning	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	37	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	81	38	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	81	39	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
elsr-56850	81	40	frameworks	framework	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	41	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	81	42	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	43	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	81	44	educational	educational	ADJ
elsr-56850	81	45	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-56850	81	46	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	82	1	vygotsky	vygotsky	PROPN
elsr-56850	82	2	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	82	3	foundational	foundational	ADJ
elsr-56850	82	4	claim	claim	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	5	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	82	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	82	7	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	8	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	82	9	mediated	mediate	VERB
elsr-56850	82	10	through	through	ADP
elsr-56850	82	11	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	82	12	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	13	remains	remain	VERB
elsr-56850	82	14	influential	influential	ADJ
elsr-56850	82	15	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	82	16	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	82	17	zpd	zpd	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	18	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	82	19	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	82	20	space	space	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	21	where	where	SCONJ
elsr-56850	82	22	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	23	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	82	24	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	82	25	achieve	achieve	VERB
elsr-56850	82	26	through	through	ADP
elsr-56850	82	27	problem	problem	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	28	solving	solve	VERB
elsr-56850	82	29	under	under	ADP
elsr-56850	82	30	adult	adult	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	31	guidance	guidance	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	32	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	82	33	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	82	34	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	35	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	82	36	more	more	ADJ
elsr-56850	82	37	capable	capable	ADJ
elsr-56850	82	38	peers	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	39	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	82	40	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	82	41	vygotsky	vygotsky	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	42	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	82	43	1978	1978	NUM
elsr-56850	82	44	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	82	45	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	82	46	86	86	NUM
elsr-56850	82	47	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	82	48	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	83	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	83	2	whatsapp	whatsapp	ADJ
elsr-56850	83	3	groups	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	83	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	83	5	rapid	rapid	ADJ
elsr-56850	83	6	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	83	7	responses	response	NOUN
elsr-56850	83	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	83	9	corrective	corrective	ADJ
elsr-56850	83	10	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
elsr-56850	83	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	83	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	83	13	model	model	NOUN
elsr-56850	83	14	sentences	sentence	NOUN
elsr-56850	83	15	operate	operate	VERB
elsr-56850	83	16	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-56850	83	17	forms	form	NOUN
elsr-56850	83	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	83	19	distributed	distribute	VERB
elsr-56850	83	20	mko	mko	NOUN
elsr-56850	83	21	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	83	22	more	more	ADV
elsr-56850	83	23	knowledgeable	knowledgeable	ADJ
elsr-56850	83	24	other	other	ADJ
elsr-56850	83	25	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	83	26	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	83	27	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	83	28	scaffold	scaffold	VERB
elsr-56850	83	29	weaker	weak	ADJ
elsr-56850	83	30	writers	writer	NOUN
elsr-56850	83	31	during	during	ADP
elsr-56850	83	32	revision	revision	NOUN
elsr-56850	83	33	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	83	34	drafting	drafting	NOUN
elsr-56850	83	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	84	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-56850	84	2	descriptions	description	NOUN
elsr-56850	84	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	84	4	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	84	5	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	84	6	interactions	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	84	7	show	show	VERB
elsr-56850	84	8	frequent	frequent	ADJ
elsr-56850	84	9	micro	micro	ADJ
elsr-56850	84	10	-	-	NOUN
elsr-56850	84	11	feedback	feedback	ADJ
elsr-56850	84	12	episodes	episode	NOUN
elsr-56850	84	13	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	84	14	align	align	VERB
elsr-56850	84	15	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	84	16	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	84	17	sociocultural	sociocultural	ADJ
elsr-56850	84	18	account	account	NOUN
elsr-56850	84	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	85	1	2.5	2.5	NUM
elsr-56850	85	2	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	85	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	85	4	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
elsr-56850	85	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	85	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	85	7	outside	outside	ADJ
elsr-56850	85	8	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	85	9	class	class	NOUN
elsr-56850	85	10	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	85	11	literature	literature	NOUN
elsr-56850	85	12	reports	report	VERB
elsr-56850	85	13	greater	great	ADJ
elsr-56850	85	14	student	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	85	15	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	85	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	85	17	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
elsr-56850	85	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	86	1	according	accord	VERB
elsr-56850	86	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	86	3	plana	plana	PROPN
elsr-56850	86	4	et	et	PROPN
elsr-56850	86	5	al	al	PROPN
elsr-56850	86	6	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	87	1	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	87	2	2013	2013	NUM
elsr-56850	87	3	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	87	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	87	5	bouhnik	bouhnik	X
elsr-56850	87	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	87	7	deshen	deshen	ADV
elsr-56850	87	8	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	87	9	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-56850	87	10	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	87	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	87	12	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	87	13	allows	allow	VERB
elsr-56850	87	14	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	87	15	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	87	16	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	87	17	learn	learn	VERB
elsr-56850	87	18	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	87	19	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	87	20	go	go	NOUN
elsr-56850	87	21	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	87	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	87	23	stay	stay	VERB
elsr-56850	87	24	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	87	25	touch	touch	NOUN
elsr-56850	87	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	88	1	warschauer	warschauer	NOUN
elsr-56850	88	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	88	3	2011/2013	2011/2013	NUM
elsr-56850	88	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	88	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	88	6	other	other	ADJ
elsr-56850	88	7	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	88	8	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
elsr-56850	88	9	scholars	scholar	NOUN
elsr-56850	88	10	argue	argue	VERB
elsr-56850	88	11	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	88	12	continuity	continuity	NOUN
elsr-56850	88	13	makes	make	VERB
elsr-56850	88	14	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	88	15	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	88	16	frequent	frequent	ADJ
elsr-56850	88	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	88	18	contextualised	contextualised	ADJ
elsr-56850	88	19	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	88	20	rather	rather	ADV
elsr-56850	88	21	than	than	ADP
elsr-56850	88	22	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	88	23	sporadic	sporadic	ADJ
elsr-56850	88	24	classroom	classroom	NOUN
elsr-56850	88	25	task	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	88	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	88	27	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-56850	88	28	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	88	29	tools	tool	NOUN
elsr-56850	88	30	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	88	31	redefine	redefine	VERB
elsr-56850	88	32	what	what	PRON
elsr-56850	88	33	it	it	PRON
elsr-56850	88	34	means	mean	VERB
elsr-56850	88	35	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	88	36	be	be	AUX
elsr-56850	88	37	literate	literate	ADJ
elsr-56850	88	38	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	88	39	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
elsr-56850	88	40	society	society	NOUN
elsr-56850	88	41	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	88	42	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	88	43	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	88	44	8)	8)	NUM
elsr-56850	88	45	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	89	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	89	2	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	89	3	boost	boost	VERB
elsr-56850	89	4	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	89	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	89	6	revising	revise	VERB
elsr-56850	89	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	89	8	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	89	9	boosts	boost	VERB
elsr-56850	89	10	skill	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	89	11	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	89	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	90	1	2.6	2.6	NUM
elsr-56850	90	2	design	design	NOUN
elsr-56850	90	3	matters	matter	NOUN
elsr-56850	90	4	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	90	5	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
elsr-56850	90	6	mediation	mediation	NOUN
elsr-56850	90	7	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	90	8	literature	literature	NOUN
elsr-56850	90	9	agrees	agree	VERB
elsr-56850	90	10	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	90	11	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	90	12	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	90	13	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	90	14	depends	depend	VERB
elsr-56850	90	15	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	90	16	usage	usage	NOUN
elsr-56850	90	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	91	1	structured	structured	ADJ
elsr-56850	91	2	tasks	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	91	3	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	91	4	guided	guide	VERB
elsr-56850	91	5	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	91	6	review	review	NOUN
elsr-56850	91	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	91	8	instructor	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	91	9	prompts	prompt	NOUN
elsr-56850	91	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	91	11	scaffolded	scaffold	VERB
elsr-56850	91	12	revision	revision	NOUN
elsr-56850	91	13	cycles	cycle	NOUN
elsr-56850	91	14	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	91	15	improve	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	91	16	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	91	17	performance	performance	NOUN
elsr-56850	91	18	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
elsr-56850	91	19	unstructured	unstructured	ADJ
elsr-56850	91	20	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	91	21	usage	usage	NOUN
elsr-56850	91	22	promotes	promote	VERB
elsr-56850	91	23	fluency	fluency	NOUN
elsr-56850	91	24	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-56850	91	25	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	91	26	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
elsr-56850	91	27	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	91	28	behaviours	behaviour	NOUN
elsr-56850	91	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	92	1	bouhnik	bouhnik	PROPN
elsr-56850	92	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	92	3	deshen	deshen	ADV
elsr-56850	92	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	92	5	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-56850	92	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	92	7	emphasise	emphasise	VERB
elsr-56850	92	8	whatsapp	whatsapp	PROPN
elsr-56850	92	9	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	92	10	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	92	11	environment	environment	NOUN
elsr-56850	92	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	92	13	potential	potential	NOUN
elsr-56850	92	14	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	92	15	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	92	16	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	92	17	platform	platform	NOUN
elsr-56850	92	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	92	19	but	but	CCONJ
elsr-56850	92	20	caution	caution	NOUN
elsr-56850	92	21	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	92	22	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	92	23	improper	improper	ADJ
elsr-56850	92	24	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	92	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	92	26	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	92	27	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	92	28	without	without	ADP
elsr-56850	92	29	established	establish	VERB
elsr-56850	92	30	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-56850	92	31	rules	rule	NOUN
elsr-56850	92	32	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	92	33	pp	pp	ADV
elsr-56850	92	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	93	1	229–230	229–230	NUM
elsr-56850	93	2	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	93	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	94	1	andújar	andújar	PROPN
elsr-56850	94	2	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	94	3	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	94	4	reveals	reveal	VERB
elsr-56850	94	5	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	94	6	everyday	everyday	ADJ
elsr-56850	94	7	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
elsr-56850	94	8	improves	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	94	9	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	94	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	94	11	highlighting	highlight	VERB
elsr-56850	94	12	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	94	13	importance	importance	NOUN
elsr-56850	94	14	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	94	15	curricular	curricular	ADJ
elsr-56850	94	16	integration	integration	NOUN
elsr-56850	94	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	94	18	instructor	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	94	19	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
elsr-56850	94	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	95	1	2.7	2.7	NUM
elsr-56850	95	2	methodology	methodology	NOUN
elsr-56850	95	3	notes	note	NOUN
elsr-56850	95	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	95	5	gaps	gap	VERB
elsr-56850	95	6	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	95	7	discipline	discipline	NOUN
elsr-56850	95	8	uses	use	VERB
elsr-56850	95	9	exploratory	exploratory	ADJ
elsr-56850	95	10	qualitative	qualitative	NOUN
elsr-56850	95	11	investigations	investigation	NOUN
elsr-56850	95	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	95	13	small	small	ADJ
elsr-56850	95	14	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	95	15	scale	scale	NOUN
elsr-56850	95	16	quasi	quasi	NOUN
elsr-56850	95	17	-	-	NOUN
elsr-56850	95	18	experiments	experiment	NOUN
elsr-56850	95	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	95	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	95	21	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
elsr-56850	95	22	surveys	survey	NOUN
elsr-56850	95	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	96	1	short	short	ADJ
elsr-56850	96	2	intervention	intervention	NOUN
elsr-56850	96	3	windows	window	NOUN
elsr-56850	96	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	96	5	convenience	convenience	NOUN
elsr-56850	96	6	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-56850	96	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	96	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	96	9	self	self	NOUN
elsr-56850	96	10	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	96	11	reported	report	VERB
elsr-56850	96	12	perception	perception	NOUN
elsr-56850	96	13	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	96	14	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	96	15	constraints	constraint	NOUN
elsr-56850	96	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	1	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	97	2	determine	determine	VERB
elsr-56850	97	3	which	which	DET
elsr-56850	97	4	interactional	interactional	ADJ
elsr-56850	97	5	moves	move	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	7	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
elsr-56850	97	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	9	recasts	recast	VERB
elsr-56850	97	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	11	explicit	explicit	ADJ
elsr-56850	97	12	correction	correction	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	97	15	model	model	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	16	examples	example	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	17	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	18	improve	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	97	19	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	20	threads	thread	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	22	several	several	ADJ
elsr-56850	97	23	authors	author	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	24	recommend	recommend	VERB
elsr-56850	97	25	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
elsr-56850	97	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	27	mixed	mixed	ADJ
elsr-56850	97	28	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	29	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	30	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	31	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	97	32	combines	combine	VERB
elsr-56850	97	33	objective	objective	ADJ
elsr-56850	97	34	corpus	corpus	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	35	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	36	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	37	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	38	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	39	complexity	complexity	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	40	measures	measure	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	41	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	42	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	97	43	fine	fine	ADV
elsr-56850	97	44	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	97	45	grained	grain	VERB
elsr-56850	97	46	interactional	interactional	ADJ
elsr-56850	97	47	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-56850	97	48	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	98	1	geographic	geographic	ADJ
elsr-56850	98	2	bias	bias	NOUN
elsr-56850	98	3	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	98	4	many	many	ADJ
elsr-56850	98	5	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	98	6	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	98	7	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	98	8	spanish	spanish	ADJ
elsr-56850	98	9	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	98	10	speaking	speak	VERB
elsr-56850	98	11	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	98	12	middle	middle	ADJ
elsr-56850	98	13	eastern	eastern	ADJ
elsr-56850	98	14	environments	environment	NOUN
elsr-56850	98	15	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-56850	98	16	cross	cross	ADJ
elsr-56850	98	17	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	98	18	cultural	cultural	ADJ
elsr-56850	98	19	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	98	20	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	98	21	needed	need	VERB
elsr-56850	98	22	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	98	23	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
elsr-56850	98	24	generalisability	generalisability	NOUN
elsr-56850	98	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	99	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	99	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	99	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	99	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	99	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	99	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	99	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	99	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	99	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	100	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	100	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	100	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	100	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	100	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	100	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	100	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	100	8	18	18	NUM
elsr-56850	100	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	100	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	100	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	100	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	100	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	100	14	2.8	2.8	NUM
elsr-56850	100	15	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	100	16	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	100	17	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
elsr-56850	100	18	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
elsr-56850	100	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	100	20	consequences	consequence	NOUN
elsr-56850	100	21	according	accord	VERB
elsr-56850	100	22	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	100	23	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	100	24	literature	literature	NOUN
elsr-56850	100	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	100	26	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	100	27	evidence	evidence	NOUN
elsr-56850	100	28	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	100	29	complicated	complicate	VERB
elsr-56850	100	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	101	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	101	2	boosts	boost	VERB
elsr-56850	101	3	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	101	4	frequency	frequency	NOUN
elsr-56850	101	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	101	6	student	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	101	7	involvement	involvement	NOUN
elsr-56850	101	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	101	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	101	10	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	101	11	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	101	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	101	13	leading	lead	VERB
elsr-56850	101	14	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	101	15	improved	improved	ADJ
elsr-56850	101	16	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	101	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	101	18	confidence	confidence	NOUN
elsr-56850	101	19	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	101	20	andújar	andújar	NOUN
elsr-56850	101	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	101	22	2016	2016	NUM
elsr-56850	101	23	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-56850	101	24	plana	plana	PROPN
elsr-56850	101	25	et	et	PROPN
elsr-56850	101	26	al	al	PROPN
elsr-56850	101	27	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	101	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	101	29	2013	2013	NUM
elsr-56850	101	30	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	101	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	102	1	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
elsr-56850	102	2	complexity	complexity	NOUN
elsr-56850	102	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	102	4	lexical	lexical	ADJ
elsr-56850	102	5	variety	variety	NOUN
elsr-56850	102	6	increases	increase	NOUN
elsr-56850	102	7	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	102	8	less	less	ADV
elsr-56850	102	9	constant	constant	ADJ
elsr-56850	102	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	102	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	102	12	unmediated	unmediated	ADJ
elsr-56850	102	13	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	102	14	might	might	AUX
elsr-56850	102	15	foster	foster	VERB
elsr-56850	102	16	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	102	17	practices	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	102	18	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	102	19	contradict	contradict	VERB
elsr-56850	102	20	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	102	21	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	102	22	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	102	23	norms	norm	NOUN
elsr-56850	102	24	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	102	25	crystal	crystal	NOUN
elsr-56850	102	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	102	27	2008	2008	NUM
elsr-56850	102	28	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	102	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	103	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	2	should	should	AUX
elsr-56850	103	3	be	be	AUX
elsr-56850	103	4	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	103	5	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	103	6	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	103	7	complementary	complementary	ADJ
elsr-56850	103	8	mall	mall	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	9	tool	tool	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	103	11	structured	structured	ADJ
elsr-56850	103	12	instructional	instructional	ADJ
elsr-56850	103	13	sequences	sequence	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	14	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	103	15	scaffolded	scaffolded	ADJ
elsr-56850	103	16	tasks	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	103	18	explicit	explicit	ADJ
elsr-56850	103	19	editing	editing	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	20	stages	stage	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	103	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	23	modelling	modelling	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	24	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	103	25	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	103	26	register	register	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	27	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	103	28	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	103	29	maximise	maximise	VERB
elsr-56850	103	30	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	103	32	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	33	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	34	while	while	SCONJ
elsr-56850	103	35	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
elsr-56850	103	36	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	103	37	standards	standard	NOUN
elsr-56850	103	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	104	1	future	future	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	2	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	3	should	should	AUX
elsr-56850	104	4	prioritise	prioritise	VERB
elsr-56850	104	5	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	6	mixed	mixed	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	7	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	104	8	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	9	designs	design	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	10	combining	combine	VERB
elsr-56850	104	11	corpus	corpus	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	12	metrics	metric	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	104	14	interactional	interactional	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	104	17	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	18	threads	thread	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	104	20	controlled	control	VERB
elsr-56850	104	21	task	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	22	type	type	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	23	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	24	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	104	25	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	26	droughting	droughting	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	27	vs.	vs.	ADP
elsr-56850	104	28	rapid	rapid	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	29	prompts	prompt	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	30	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	104	31	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	104	32	identify	identify	VERB
elsr-56850	104	33	improvement	improvement	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	34	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	104	36	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	104	37	cross	cross	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	38	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	39	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	40	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	104	41	cross	cross	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	42	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	43	cultural	cultural	ADJ
elsr-56850	104	44	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	45	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	104	46	test	test	VERB
elsr-56850	104	47	transferability	transferability	NOUN
elsr-56850	104	48	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	105	1	experimental	experimental	ADJ
elsr-56850	105	2	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	3	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	105	4	mixes	mix	VERB
elsr-56850	105	5	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	6	activities	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	7	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	105	8	conscious	conscious	ADJ
elsr-56850	105	9	register	register	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	10	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	11	training	training	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	12	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	105	13	specific	specific	ADJ
elsr-56850	105	14	exercises	exercise	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	15	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	105	16	transform	transform	VERB
elsr-56850	105	17	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	105	18	messages	message	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	19	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	105	20	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	105	21	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	22	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	105	23	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	105	24	help	help	VERB
elsr-56850	105	25	resolve	resolve	VERB
elsr-56850	105	26	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	105	27	conflict	conflict	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	28	between	between	ADP
elsr-56850	105	29	fluency	fluency	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	30	increases	increase	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	31	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	105	32	formality	formality	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	33	preservation	preservation	NOUN
elsr-56850	105	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	106	1	3	3	X
elsr-56850	106	2	.	.	X
elsr-56850	106	3	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-56850	106	4	framework	framework	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	5	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	106	6	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-56850	106	7	framework	framework	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	8	positions	position	VERB
elsr-56850	106	9	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	106	10	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	11	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	106	12	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	106	13	impacts	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	14	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	106	15	whatsapp	whatsapp	ADJ
elsr-56850	106	16	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	17	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	106	18	developing	develop	VERB
elsr-56850	106	19	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	20	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	21	among	among	ADP
elsr-56850	106	22	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	106	23	level	level	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	24	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	25	within	within	ADP
elsr-56850	106	26	an	an	DET
elsr-56850	106	27	integrated	integrate	VERB
elsr-56850	106	28	set	set	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	29	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	106	30	theories	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	31	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	106	32	second	second	ADJ
elsr-56850	106	33	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	106	34	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	35	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	106	37	sociocultural	sociocultural	ADJ
elsr-56850	106	38	psychology	psychology	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	39	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	106	40	mobile	mobile	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	41	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	106	42	assisted	assist	VERB
elsr-56850	106	43	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	44	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	45	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	106	46	mall	mall	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	47	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	106	48	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	106	49	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	106	50	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	51	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	106	52	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	107	1	together	together	ADV
elsr-56850	107	2	these	these	DET
elsr-56850	107	3	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	4	explain	explain	VERB
elsr-56850	107	5	how	how	SCONJ
elsr-56850	107	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	107	7	why	why	SCONJ
elsr-56850	107	8	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	9	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	107	10	an	an	DET
elsr-56850	107	11	always	always	ADV
elsr-56850	107	12	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	107	13	available	available	ADJ
elsr-56850	107	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	107	15	socially	socially	ADV
elsr-56850	107	16	embedded	embed	VERB
elsr-56850	107	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	107	18	text	text	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	19	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	107	20	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	107	21	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	22	tool	tool	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	23	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	107	24	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	107	25	function	function	VERB
elsr-56850	107	26	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	107	27	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	107	28	site	site	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	29	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	107	30	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	107	31	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	107	33	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	34	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	35	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	107	36	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	107	37	developing	develop	VERB
elsr-56850	107	38	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	107	39	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	107	40	era	era	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	41	literacy	literacy	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	42	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	107	43	while	while	SCONJ
elsr-56850	107	44	also	also	ADV
elsr-56850	107	45	clarifying	clarify	VERB
elsr-56850	107	46	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	107	47	risks	risk	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	48	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	107	49	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	107	50	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	107	51	registers	register	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	52	pose	pose	VERB
elsr-56850	107	53	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	107	54	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	107	55	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	107	56	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	108	1	3.1	3.1	NUM
elsr-56850	108	2	sociocultural	sociocultural	ADJ
elsr-56850	108	3	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	108	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	108	5	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	108	6	zone	zone	NOUN
elsr-56850	108	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	108	8	proximal	proximal	ADJ
elsr-56850	108	9	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	108	10	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	108	11	zpd	zpd	NOUN
elsr-56850	108	12	):	):	PUNCT
elsr-56850	108	13	sociocultural	sociocultural	ADJ
elsr-56850	108	14	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	108	15	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	108	16	sct	sct	PROPN
elsr-56850	108	17	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	108	18	foregrounds	foreground	VERB
elsr-56850	108	19	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-56850	108	20	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	108	21	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	108	22	socially	socially	ADV
elsr-56850	108	23	mediated	mediate	VERB
elsr-56850	108	24	process	process	NOUN
elsr-56850	108	25	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	108	26	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
elsr-56850	108	27	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	108	28	occurs	occur	VERB
elsr-56850	108	29	first	first	ADV
elsr-56850	108	30	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	108	31	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	108	32	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	108	33	plane	plane	NOUN
elsr-56850	108	34	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	108	35	then	then	ADV
elsr-56850	108	36	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	108	37	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	108	38	individual	individual	ADJ
elsr-56850	108	39	plane	plane	NOUN
elsr-56850	108	40	through	through	ADP
elsr-56850	108	41	internalization	internalization	NOUN
elsr-56850	108	42	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	108	43	vygotsky	vygotsky	NOUN
elsr-56850	108	44	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	108	45	1978	1978	NUM
elsr-56850	108	46	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	108	47	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	109	1	central	central	ADJ
elsr-56850	109	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	109	3	sct	sct	PROPN
elsr-56850	109	4	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	109	5	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	109	6	zone	zone	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	109	8	proximal	proximal	ADJ
elsr-56850	109	9	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	10	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	109	11	zpd	zpd	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	12	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	109	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	109	14	defined	define	VERB
elsr-56850	109	15	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	109	16	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	109	17	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	109	18	distance	distance	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	19	between	between	ADP
elsr-56850	109	20	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	109	21	actual	actual	ADJ
elsr-56850	109	22	developmental	developmental	ADJ
elsr-56850	109	23	level	level	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	24	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-56850	109	25	determined	determine	VERB
elsr-56850	109	26	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	109	27	independent	independent	ADJ
elsr-56850	109	28	problem	problem	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	29	solving	solving	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	30	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	109	31	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	109	32	level	level	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	33	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	109	34	potential	potential	ADJ
elsr-56850	109	35	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	36	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-56850	109	37	determined	determine	VERB
elsr-56850	109	38	through	through	ADP
elsr-56850	109	39	problem	problem	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	40	solving	solve	VERB
elsr-56850	109	41	under	under	ADP
elsr-56850	109	42	adult	adult	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	43	guidance	guidance	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	44	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	109	45	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	109	46	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	47	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	109	48	more	more	ADJ
elsr-56850	109	49	capable	capable	ADJ
elsr-56850	109	50	peers	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	51	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	109	52	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	109	53	vygotsky	vygotsky	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	54	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	109	55	1978	1978	NUM
elsr-56850	109	56	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	109	57	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	109	58	86	86	NUM
elsr-56850	109	59	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	109	60	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	110	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	110	2	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	110	3	context	context	NOUN
elsr-56850	110	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	110	5	whatsapp	whatsapp	ADJ
elsr-56850	110	6	groups	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	110	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	110	8	peers	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	110	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	110	10	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	110	11	act	act	VERB
elsr-56850	110	12	as	as	SCONJ
elsr-56850	110	13	distributed	distribute	VERB
elsr-56850	110	14	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	110	15	more	more	ADV
elsr-56850	110	16	knowledgeable	knowledgeable	ADJ
elsr-56850	110	17	others	other	NOUN
elsr-56850	110	18	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	110	19	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	110	20	mko	mko	PROPN
elsr-56850	110	21	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	110	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	110	23	offering	offer	VERB
elsr-56850	110	24	corrective	corrective	ADJ
elsr-56850	110	25	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	110	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	110	27	model	model	NOUN
elsr-56850	110	28	sentences	sentence	NOUN
elsr-56850	110	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	110	30	paraphrases	paraphrase	NOUN
elsr-56850	110	31	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	110	32	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	110	33	scaffolds	scaffold	NOUN
elsr-56850	110	34	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	110	35	real	real	ADJ
elsr-56850	110	36	time	time	NOUN
elsr-56850	110	37	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	111	1	these	these	DET
elsr-56850	111	2	micro	micro	ADJ
elsr-56850	111	3	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	111	4	interactional	interactional	ADJ
elsr-56850	111	5	supports	support	NOUN
elsr-56850	111	6	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	111	7	move	move	VERB
elsr-56850	111	8	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	111	9	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	111	10	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	111	11	competence	competence	NOUN
elsr-56850	111	12	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	111	13	current	current	ADJ
elsr-56850	111	14	performance	performance	NOUN
elsr-56850	111	15	toward	toward	ADP
elsr-56850	111	16	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-56850	111	17	levels	level	NOUN
elsr-56850	111	18	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	111	19	supplying	supply	VERB
elsr-56850	111	20	just	just	ADV
elsr-56850	111	21	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	111	22	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	111	23	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	111	24	time	time	NOUN
elsr-56850	111	25	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	111	26	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	111	27	metalinguistic	metalinguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	111	28	resources	resource	NOUN
elsr-56850	111	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	112	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
elsr-56850	112	2	descriptions	description	NOUN
elsr-56850	112	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	112	4	whatsapp	whatsapp	ADJ
elsr-56850	112	5	threads	thread	NOUN
elsr-56850	112	6	show	show	VERB
elsr-56850	112	7	frequent	frequent	ADJ
elsr-56850	112	8	short	short	ADJ
elsr-56850	112	9	corrective	corrective	ADJ
elsr-56850	112	10	episodes	episode	NOUN
elsr-56850	112	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	112	12	model	model	NOUN
elsr-56850	112	13	utterances	utterance	NOUN
elsr-56850	112	14	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	112	15	resemble	resemble	VERB
elsr-56850	112	16	scaffolded	scaffold	VERB
elsr-56850	112	17	assistance	assistance	NOUN
elsr-56850	112	18	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	112	19	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	112	20	zpd	zpd	NOUN
elsr-56850	112	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	113	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	113	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	113	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	113	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	113	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	113	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	113	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	113	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	113	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	114	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	114	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	114	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	114	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	114	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	114	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	114	8	19	19	NUM
elsr-56850	114	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	114	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	114	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	114	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	114	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	114	14	3.2	3.2	NUM
elsr-56850	114	15	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	16	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	114	18	corrective	corrective	ADJ
elsr-56850	114	19	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	20	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	114	21	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	22	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	23	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	114	24	long	long	ADV
elsr-56850	114	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	114	26	1996	1996	NUM
elsr-56850	114	27	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	114	28	argues	argue	VERB
elsr-56850	114	29	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	114	30	negotiation	negotiation	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	31	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	114	32	meaning	meaning	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	33	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	114	34	interactional	interactional	ADJ
elsr-56850	114	35	modification	modification	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	36	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	114	37	clarification	clarification	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	38	requests	request	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	39	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	114	40	recasts	recast	VERB
elsr-56850	114	41	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	114	42	confirmation	confirmation	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	43	checks	check	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	44	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	114	45	make	make	VERB
elsr-56850	114	46	input	input	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	47	comprehensible	comprehensible	ADJ
elsr-56850	114	48	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	114	49	create	create	VERB
elsr-56850	114	50	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	51	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	114	52	uptake	uptake	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	53	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	114	54	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	55	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	114	56	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	115	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	115	2	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
elsr-56850	115	3	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	115	4	dense	dense	ADJ
elsr-56850	115	5	ecology	ecology	NOUN
elsr-56850	115	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	115	7	written	write	VERB
elsr-56850	115	8	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	115	9	where	where	SCONJ
elsr-56850	115	10	negotiation	negotiation	NOUN
elsr-56850	115	11	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	115	12	occur	occur	VERB
elsr-56850	115	13	asynchronously	asynchronously	ADV
elsr-56850	115	14	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	115	15	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
elsr-56850	115	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	115	17	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	115	18	learner	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	115	19	posts	post	VERB
elsr-56850	115	20	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	115	21	draft	draft	NOUN
elsr-56850	115	22	line	line	NOUN
elsr-56850	115	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	115	24	peers	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	115	25	offer	offer	VERB
elsr-56850	115	26	edits	edit	NOUN
elsr-56850	115	27	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-56850	115	28	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	115	29	writer	writer	NOUN
elsr-56850	115	30	then	then	ADV
elsr-56850	115	31	revises	revise	VERB
elsr-56850	115	32	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	115	33	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	116	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	116	2	affordance	affordance	NOUN
elsr-56850	116	3	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	116	4	repeated	repeat	VERB
elsr-56850	116	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	116	6	reflective	reflective	ADJ
elsr-56850	116	7	negotiation	negotiation	NOUN
elsr-56850	116	8	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	116	9	unavailable	unavailable	ADJ
elsr-56850	116	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	116	11	ephemeral	ephemeral	ADJ
elsr-56850	116	12	oral	oral	ADJ
elsr-56850	116	13	interactions	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	116	14	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	116	15	makes	make	VERB
elsr-56850	116	16	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	116	17	particularly	particularly	ADV
elsr-56850	116	18	suited	suit	VERB
elsr-56850	116	19	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	116	20	written	write	VERB
elsr-56850	116	21	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	116	22	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	116	23	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	116	24	because	because	SCONJ
elsr-56850	116	25	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	116	26	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	116	27	re	re	VERB
elsr-56850	116	28	-	-	VERB
elsr-56850	116	29	examine	examine	VERB
elsr-56850	116	30	corrections	correction	NOUN
elsr-56850	116	31	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	116	32	compare	compare	VERB
elsr-56850	116	33	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
elsr-56850	116	34	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	116	35	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	116	36	rehearse	rehearse	VERB
elsr-56850	116	37	revisions	revision	NOUN
elsr-56850	116	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	117	1	thus	thus	ADV
elsr-56850	117	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	117	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	117	4	ih	ih	NOUN
elsr-56850	117	5	explains	explain	VERB
elsr-56850	117	6	why	why	SCONJ
elsr-56850	117	7	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	117	8	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	117	9	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	117	10	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	117	11	lead	lead	VERB
elsr-56850	117	12	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	117	13	measurable	measurable	ADJ
elsr-56850	117	14	error	error	NOUN
elsr-56850	117	15	reduction	reduction	NOUN
elsr-56850	117	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	117	17	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-56850	117	18	uptake	uptake	NOUN
elsr-56850	117	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	117	20	corrected	correct	VERB
elsr-56850	117	21	forms	form	NOUN
elsr-56850	117	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	118	1	3.3	3.3	NUM
elsr-56850	118	2	mall	mall	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	3	affordances	affordance	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	118	5	limitations	limitation	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	6	mall	mall	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	7	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	8	places	place	VERB
elsr-56850	118	9	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	10	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	11	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	118	12	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	118	13	device	device	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	14	affordances	affordance	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	15	such	such	ADJ
elsr-56850	118	16	mobility	mobility	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	118	18	connection	connection	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	118	20	multimodality	multimodality	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	118	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	118	23	contextualised	contextualised	ADJ
elsr-56850	118	24	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	118	25	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	118	26	kukulska	kukulska	ADJ
elsr-56850	118	27	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	118	28	hulme	hulme	PROPN
elsr-56850	118	29	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	118	30	shield	shield	PROPN
elsr-56850	118	31	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	118	32	2008	2008	NUM
elsr-56850	118	33	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	118	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	119	1	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	119	2	move	move	NOUN
elsr-56850	119	3	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	119	4	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	119	5	content	content	ADJ
elsr-56850	119	6	delivery	delivery	NOUN
elsr-56850	119	7	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	119	8	supported	support	VERB
elsr-56850	119	9	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
elsr-56850	119	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	119	11	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	119	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	119	13	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	119	14	kukulska	kukulska	PROPN
elsr-56850	119	15	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	119	16	hulme	hulme	PROPN
elsr-56850	119	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	119	18	shield	shield	PROPN
elsr-56850	119	19	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	119	20	2008	2008	NUM
elsr-56850	119	21	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	119	22	argue	argue	VERB
elsr-56850	119	23	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	119	24	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	119	25	solutions	solution	NOUN
elsr-56850	119	26	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	119	27	most	most	ADV
elsr-56850	119	28	effective	effective	ADJ
elsr-56850	119	29	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-56850	119	30	they	they	PRON
elsr-56850	119	31	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
elsr-56850	119	32	learner	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	119	33	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	119	34	driven	drive	VERB
elsr-56850	119	35	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	119	36	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	119	37	situational	situational	ADJ
elsr-56850	119	38	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	119	39	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	119	40	recall	recall	NOUN
elsr-56850	119	41	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	119	42	pp	pp	ADJ
elsr-56850	119	43	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	120	1	271–289	271–289	NUM
elsr-56850	120	2	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	120	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	121	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	121	2	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	121	3	contextual	contextual	ADJ
elsr-56850	121	4	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	121	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	121	6	brief	brief	ADJ
elsr-56850	121	7	messages	message	NOUN
elsr-56850	121	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	121	9	drafts	draft	NOUN
elsr-56850	121	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	121	11	file	file	NOUN
elsr-56850	121	12	sharing	sharing	NOUN
elsr-56850	121	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	121	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	121	15	low	low	ADJ
elsr-56850	121	16	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	121	17	stakes	stake	NOUN
elsr-56850	121	18	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	121	19	exchange	exchange	NOUN
elsr-56850	121	20	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
elsr-56850	121	21	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	121	22	transition	transition	NOUN
elsr-56850	121	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	122	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	122	2	mall	mall	NOUN
elsr-56850	122	3	viewpoint	viewpoint	NOUN
elsr-56850	122	4	suggests	suggest	VERB
elsr-56850	122	5	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	122	6	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	122	7	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	122	8	increase	increase	VERB
elsr-56850	122	9	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	122	10	amount	amount	NOUN
elsr-56850	122	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	122	12	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
elsr-56850	122	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	122	14	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	122	15	chances	chance	NOUN
elsr-56850	122	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	122	17	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	122	18	improve	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	122	19	fluency	fluency	NOUN
elsr-56850	122	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	122	21	rehearsal	rehearsal	NOUN
elsr-56850	122	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	122	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	122	24	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	122	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	122	26	if	if	SCONJ
elsr-56850	122	27	mediated	mediate	VERB
elsr-56850	122	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	123	1	3.4	3.4	NUM
elsr-56850	123	2	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	123	3	literacy	literacy	NOUN
elsr-56850	123	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	123	5	transforming	transform	VERB
elsr-56850	123	6	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	123	7	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	123	8	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	123	9	modern	modern	ADJ
elsr-56850	123	10	literacy	literacy	NOUN
elsr-56850	123	11	experts	expert	NOUN
elsr-56850	123	12	say	say	VERB
elsr-56850	123	13	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	123	14	platforms	platform	NOUN
elsr-56850	123	15	change	change	VERB
elsr-56850	123	16	genres	genre	NOUN
elsr-56850	123	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	123	18	norms	norm	NOUN
elsr-56850	123	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	123	20	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	123	21	literacy	literacy	NOUN
elsr-56850	123	22	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	123	23	warschauer	warschauer	NOUN
elsr-56850	123	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	123	25	2011/2013	2011/2013	NUM
elsr-56850	123	26	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	123	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	124	1	warschauer	warschauer	PROPN
elsr-56850	124	2	claims	claim	VERB
elsr-56850	124	3	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	124	4	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	124	5	technologies	technology	NOUN
elsr-56850	124	6	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	124	7	redefine	redefine	VERB
elsr-56850	124	8	what	what	PRON
elsr-56850	124	9	it	it	PRON
elsr-56850	124	10	means	mean	VERB
elsr-56850	124	11	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	124	12	be	be	AUX
elsr-56850	124	13	literate	literate	ADJ
elsr-56850	124	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	124	15	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
elsr-56850	124	16	society	society	NOUN
elsr-56850	124	17	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	124	18	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	124	19	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	124	20	8)	8)	NUM
elsr-56850	124	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	124	22	introducing	introduce	VERB
elsr-56850	124	23	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
elsr-56850	124	24	composition	composition	NOUN
elsr-56850	124	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	124	26	interactive	interactive	ADJ
elsr-56850	124	27	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	124	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	124	29	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	124	30	quick	quick	ADJ
elsr-56850	124	31	iterative	iterative	NOUN
elsr-56850	124	32	revision	revision	NOUN
elsr-56850	124	33	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	125	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	125	2	promotes	promote	VERB
elsr-56850	125	3	textual	textual	ADJ
elsr-56850	125	4	play	play	NOUN
elsr-56850	125	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	125	6	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
elsr-56850	125	7	signals	signal	NOUN
elsr-56850	125	8	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	125	9	emojis	emoji	NOUN
elsr-56850	125	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	125	11	photos	photo	NOUN
elsr-56850	125	12	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	125	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	125	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	125	15	quick	quick	ADJ
elsr-56850	125	16	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	125	17	co	co	NOUN
elsr-56850	125	18	-	-	NOUN
elsr-56850	125	19	construction	construction	NOUN
elsr-56850	125	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	125	21	blending	blend	VERB
elsr-56850	125	22	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	125	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	125	24	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	125	25	literacies	literacy	NOUN
elsr-56850	125	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	126	1	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	126	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
elsr-56850	126	3	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	126	4	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	126	5	growth	growth	NOUN
elsr-56850	126	6	involves	involve	VERB
elsr-56850	126	7	multi	multi	ADJ
elsr-56850	126	8	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	126	9	register	register	ADJ
elsr-56850	126	10	competence	competence	NOUN
elsr-56850	126	11	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	126	12	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	126	13	need	need	VERB
elsr-56850	126	14	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	126	15	agility	agility	NOUN
elsr-56850	126	16	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	126	17	create	create	VERB
elsr-56850	126	18	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	126	19	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	126	20	networked	networked	ADJ
elsr-56850	126	21	registers	register	NOUN
elsr-56850	126	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	126	23	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	126	24	metacognitive	metacognitive	ADJ
elsr-56850	126	25	capacity	capacity	NOUN
elsr-56850	126	26	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	126	27	translate	translate	VERB
elsr-56850	126	28	such	such	ADJ
elsr-56850	126	29	activities	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	126	30	into	into	ADP
elsr-56850	126	31	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	126	32	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	126	33	works	work	NOUN
elsr-56850	126	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	127	1	3.5	3.5	NUM
elsr-56850	127	2	drive	drive	NOUN
elsr-56850	127	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	127	4	independence	independence	NOUN
elsr-56850	127	5	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	127	6	affects	affect	VERB
elsr-56850	127	7	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	127	8	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	127	9	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	127	10	performance	performance	NOUN
elsr-56850	127	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	128	1	according	accord	VERB
elsr-56850	128	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	128	3	self	self	NOUN
elsr-56850	128	4	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	128	5	determination	determination	NOUN
elsr-56850	128	6	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	128	7	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	128	8	sdt	sdt	PROPN
elsr-56850	128	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	128	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	128	11	intrinsic	intrinsic	ADJ
elsr-56850	128	12	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	128	13	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	128	14	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	128	15	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	128	16	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	128	17	satisfying	satisfying	NOUN
elsr-56850	128	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	128	19	three	three	NUM
elsr-56850	128	20	psychological	psychological	ADJ
elsr-56850	128	21	needs	need	NOUN
elsr-56850	128	22	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	128	23	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
elsr-56850	128	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	128	25	competence	competence	NOUN
elsr-56850	128	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	128	27	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	128	28	relatedness	relatedness	NOUN
elsr-56850	128	29	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	128	30	deci	deci	PROPN
elsr-56850	128	31	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	128	32	ryan	ryan	PROPN
elsr-56850	128	33	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	128	34	2000	2000	NUM
elsr-56850	128	35	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	128	36	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	129	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	129	2	meets	meet	VERB
elsr-56850	129	3	these	these	DET
elsr-56850	129	4	needs	need	NOUN
elsr-56850	129	5	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	129	6	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	129	7	start	start	VERB
elsr-56850	129	8	postings	posting	NOUN
elsr-56850	129	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	129	10	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	129	11	exchanges	exchange	NOUN
elsr-56850	129	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	129	13	drafts	draft	NOUN
elsr-56850	129	14	show	show	VERB
elsr-56850	129	15	skill	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	129	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	129	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	129	18	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
elsr-56850	129	19	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	129	20	fosters	foster	VERB
elsr-56850	129	21	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	129	22	belonging	belong	VERB
elsr-56850	129	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	130	1	meeting	meet	VERB
elsr-56850	130	2	these	these	DET
elsr-56850	130	3	demands	demand	NOUN
elsr-56850	130	4	encourages	encourage	VERB
elsr-56850	130	5	voluntary	voluntary	ADJ
elsr-56850	130	6	revision	revision	NOUN
elsr-56850	130	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	130	8	persistent	persistent	ADJ
elsr-56850	130	9	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	130	10	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	130	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	130	12	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	130	13	improves	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	130	14	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	130	15	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	130	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	131	1	thus	thus	ADV
elsr-56850	131	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	131	3	sdt	sdt	PROPN
elsr-56850	131	4	explains	explain	VERB
elsr-56850	131	5	how	how	SCONJ
elsr-56850	131	6	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	131	7	motivates	motivate	VERB
elsr-56850	131	8	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	131	9	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	131	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	131	11	tenacity	tenacity	NOUN
elsr-56850	131	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	132	1	3.6	3.6	NUM
elsr-56850	132	2	register	register	NOUN
elsr-56850	132	3	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-56850	132	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	132	5	genre	genre	NOUN
elsr-56850	132	6	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	132	7	genre	genre	NOUN
elsr-56850	132	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	132	9	register	register	PROPN
elsr-56850	132	10	theories	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	132	11	remind	remind	VERB
elsr-56850	132	12	us	we	PRON
elsr-56850	132	13	that	that	DET
elsr-56850	132	14	ability	ability	NOUN
elsr-56850	132	15	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	132	16	one	one	NUM
elsr-56850	132	17	genre	genre	NOUN
elsr-56850	132	18	does	do	AUX
elsr-56850	132	19	not	not	PART
elsr-56850	132	20	instantly	instantly	ADV
elsr-56850	132	21	transfer	transfer	VERB
elsr-56850	132	22	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	132	23	another	another	PRON
elsr-56850	132	24	without	without	ADP
elsr-56850	132	25	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
elsr-56850	132	26	bridging	bridging	NOUN
elsr-56850	132	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	133	1	texting	texte	VERB
elsr-56850	133	2	has	have	VERB
elsr-56850	133	3	its	its	PRON
elsr-56850	133	4	own	own	ADJ
elsr-56850	133	5	conventions	convention	NOUN
elsr-56850	133	6	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	133	7	abbreviations	abbreviation	NOUN
elsr-56850	133	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	133	9	omission	omission	NOUN
elsr-56850	133	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	133	11	logograms	logogram	NOUN
elsr-56850	133	12	—	—	PUNCT
elsr-56850	133	13	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	133	14	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	133	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	133	16	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	133	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	133	18	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	133	19	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	133	20	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	133	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	134	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	134	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	134	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	134	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	134	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	134	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	134	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	134	8	20	20	NUM
elsr-56850	134	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	134	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	134	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	134	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	134	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	135	1	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	135	2	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	135	3	unique	unique	ADJ
elsr-56850	135	4	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	135	5	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	135	6	prose	prose	NOUN
elsr-56850	135	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	135	8	according	accord	VERB
elsr-56850	135	9	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	135	10	david	david	PROPN
elsr-56850	135	11	crystal	crystal	PROPN
elsr-56850	135	12	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	135	13	crystal	crystal	PROPN
elsr-56850	135	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	135	15	2008	2008	NUM
elsr-56850	135	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	135	17	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	135	18	11	11	NUM
elsr-56850	135	19	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	135	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	136	1	unless	unless	SCONJ
elsr-56850	136	2	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	136	3	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	136	4	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
elsr-56850	136	5	taught	teach	VERB
elsr-56850	136	6	register	register	NOUN
elsr-56850	136	7	awareness	awareness	NOUN
elsr-56850	136	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	136	9	editing	edit	VERB
elsr-56850	136	10	procedures	procedure	NOUN
elsr-56850	136	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	136	12	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	136	13	norms	norm	NOUN
elsr-56850	136	14	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	136	15	transfer	transfer	VERB
elsr-56850	136	16	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	136	17	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	136	18	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	136	19	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	136	20	register	register	NOUN
elsr-56850	136	21	bleed	bleed	NOUN
elsr-56850	136	22	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	136	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	137	1	thus	thus	ADV
elsr-56850	137	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	137	3	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-56850	137	4	models	model	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	137	6	genre	genre	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	7	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	8	include	include	VERB
elsr-56850	137	9	instructional	instructional	ADJ
elsr-56850	137	10	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	137	12	metalinguistic	metalinguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	137	13	reflection	reflection	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	137	15	guided	guide	VERB
elsr-56850	137	16	editing	editing	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	17	activities	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	18	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	137	19	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	137	20	prevent	prevent	VERB
elsr-56850	137	21	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	22	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	137	23	fluency	fluency	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	24	gains	gain	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	25	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	137	26	fossilising	fossilise	VERB
elsr-56850	137	27	non	non	ADJ
elsr-56850	137	28	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	137	29	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-56850	137	30	forms	form	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	31	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	137	32	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	137	33	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
elsr-56850	137	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	138	1	3.7	3.7	NUM
elsr-56850	138	2	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-56850	138	3	implications	implication	NOUN
elsr-56850	138	4	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	138	5	teaching	teach	VERB
elsr-56850	138	6	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	138	7	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	138	8	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-56850	138	9	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
elsr-56850	138	10	suggests	suggest	VERB
elsr-56850	138	11	treating	treat	VERB
elsr-56850	138	12	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	138	13	pedagogically	pedagogically	ADV
elsr-56850	138	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	138	15	not	not	PART
elsr-56850	138	16	only	only	ADV
elsr-56850	138	17	socially	socially	ADV
elsr-56850	138	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	1	scaffolded	scaffold	VERB
elsr-56850	139	2	peerreview	peerreview	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	3	cycles	cycle	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	4	that	that	DET
elsr-56850	139	5	model	model	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	6	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	7	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	139	8	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	139	9	drafts	draft	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	10	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	139	11	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	139	12	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	13	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	14	sct	sct	PROPN
elsr-56850	139	15	+	+	CCONJ
elsr-56850	139	16	genre	genre	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	17	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	18	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	19	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	20	structured	structure	VERB
elsr-56850	139	21	negotiation	negotiation	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	22	tasks	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	23	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	139	24	elicit	elicit	VERB
elsr-56850	139	25	corrective	corrective	ADJ
elsr-56850	139	26	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	27	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	139	28	uptake	uptake	ADJ
elsr-56850	139	29	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	30	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	31	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	32	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	33	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	34	activities	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	35	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	139	36	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
elsr-56850	139	37	build	build	VERB
elsr-56850	139	38	register	register	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	39	awareness	awareness	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	40	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	139	41	editing	edit	VERB
elsr-56850	139	42	routines	routine	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	43	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	44	genre	genre	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	45	transfer	transfer	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	46	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	47	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	48	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	139	49	design	design	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	50	features	feature	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	51	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	139	52	preserve	preserve	VERB
elsr-56850	139	53	learner	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	54	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	55	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	139	56	relatedness	relatedness	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	57	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	58	sdt	sdt	PROPN
elsr-56850	139	59	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	139	60	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	139	61	sustain	sustain	VERB
elsr-56850	139	62	engagement	engagement	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	63	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	139	64	effective	effective	ADJ
elsr-56850	139	65	design	design	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	66	principles	principle	NOUN
elsr-56850	139	67	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	140	1	these	these	DET
elsr-56850	140	2	parts	part	NOUN
elsr-56850	140	3	together	together	ADV
elsr-56850	140	4	improve	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	140	5	surface	surface	NOUN
elsr-56850	140	6	correctness	correctness	NOUN
elsr-56850	140	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	140	8	deeper	deep	ADJ
elsr-56850	140	9	composition	composition	NOUN
elsr-56850	140	10	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	140	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	140	12	according	accord	VERB
elsr-56850	140	13	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	140	14	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	140	15	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
elsr-56850	140	16	framework	framework	NOUN
elsr-56850	140	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	141	1	4	4	X
elsr-56850	141	2	.	.	X
elsr-56850	141	3	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	4	methodology	methodology	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	5	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	141	6	meet	meet	VERB
elsr-56850	141	7	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	8	goals	goal	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	141	10	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	141	11	section	section	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	12	describes	describe	VERB
elsr-56850	141	13	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	141	14	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	15	design	design	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	141	17	participants	participant	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	141	19	instruments	instrument	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	141	21	procedures	procedure	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	141	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	141	24	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	25	processing	processing	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	26	techniques	technique	NOUN
elsr-56850	141	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	142	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	142	2	mixed	mix	VERB
elsr-56850	142	3	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	142	4	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	142	5	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	142	6	examines	examine	VERB
elsr-56850	142	7	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	142	8	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	142	9	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-56850	142	10	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	142	11	pupils	pupil	NOUN
elsr-56850	142	12	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	142	13	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	142	14	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	142	15	quantitatively	quantitatively	ADV
elsr-56850	142	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	142	17	qualitatively	qualitatively	ADV
elsr-56850	142	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	143	1	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	143	2	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	143	3	uses	use	VERB
elsr-56850	143	4	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	143	5	mixed	mix	VERB
elsr-56850	143	6	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	143	7	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
elsr-56850	143	8	approach	approach	NOUN
elsr-56850	143	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	143	10	combining	combine	VERB
elsr-56850	143	11	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	143	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	143	13	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	143	14	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	143	15	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	143	16	achieve	achieve	VERB
elsr-56850	143	17	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	143	18	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
elsr-56850	143	19	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
elsr-56850	143	20	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	143	21	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	143	22	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
elsr-56850	143	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	144	1	creswell	creswell	PROPN
elsr-56850	144	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	144	3	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-56850	144	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	144	5	states	state	VERB
elsr-56850	144	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	144	7	mixed	mixed	ADJ
elsr-56850	144	8	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	144	9	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	144	10	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	144	11	provides	provide	VERB
elsr-56850	144	12	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	144	13	better	well	ADJ
elsr-56850	144	14	understanding	understanding	NOUN
elsr-56850	144	15	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	144	16	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	144	17	problems	problem	NOUN
elsr-56850	144	18	than	than	ADP
elsr-56850	144	19	either	either	CCONJ
elsr-56850	144	20	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	144	21	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	144	22	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	144	23	approaches	approach	NOUN
elsr-56850	144	24	alone	alone	ADV
elsr-56850	144	25	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	144	26	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	144	27	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	144	28	4	4	NUM
elsr-56850	144	29	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	144	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	145	1	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	145	2	surveys	survey	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	145	4	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	145	5	tests	test	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	6	examine	examine	VERB
elsr-56850	145	7	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	8	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	145	9	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	10	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	145	12	while	while	SCONJ
elsr-56850	145	13	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	145	14	semi	semi	ADJ
elsr-56850	145	15	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	145	16	structured	structured	ADJ
elsr-56850	145	17	interviews	interview	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	18	collect	collect	VERB
elsr-56850	145	19	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	20	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	145	21	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	145	22	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	23	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	145	24	impressions	impression	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	145	26	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	27	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	145	28	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	145	29	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	30	tool	tool	NOUN
elsr-56850	145	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	146	1	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	146	2	method	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	146	3	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	146	4	justified	justify	VERB
elsr-56850	146	5	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	146	6	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	146	7	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	146	8	topic	topic	NOUN
elsr-56850	146	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	146	10	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	146	11	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	146	12	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	146	13	determine	determine	VERB
elsr-56850	146	14	how	how	SCONJ
elsr-56850	146	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	146	16	why	why	SCONJ
elsr-56850	146	17	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	146	18	affects	affect	VERB
elsr-56850	146	19	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	146	20	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	146	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	147	1	dörnyei	dörnyei	PROPN
elsr-56850	147	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	147	3	2007	2007	NUM
elsr-56850	147	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	147	5	states	state	VERB
elsr-56850	147	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	147	7	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	147	8	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	147	9	scholars	scholar	NOUN
elsr-56850	147	10	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	147	11	grasp	grasp	VERB
elsr-56850	147	12	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	147	13	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	147	14	measurable	measurable	ADJ
elsr-56850	147	15	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
elsr-56850	147	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	147	17	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	147	18	subjective	subjective	ADJ
elsr-56850	147	19	meanings	meaning	NOUN
elsr-56850	147	20	behind	behind	ADP
elsr-56850	147	21	them	they	PRON
elsr-56850	147	22	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	147	23	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	147	24	integrating	integrate	VERB
elsr-56850	147	25	numerical	numerical	ADJ
elsr-56850	147	26	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	147	27	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	147	28	interpretative	interpretative	ADJ
elsr-56850	147	29	insights	insight	NOUN
elsr-56850	147	30	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	147	31	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	147	32	45	45	NUM
elsr-56850	147	33	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	147	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	148	1	4.1	4.1	NUM
elsr-56850	148	2	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-56850	148	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	148	4	population	population	NOUN
elsr-56850	148	5	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	148	6	survey	survey	NOUN
elsr-56850	148	7	includes	include	VERB
elsr-56850	148	8	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	148	9	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	148	10	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	148	11	english	english	ADJ
elsr-56850	148	12	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	148	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	148	14	literature	literature	NOUN
elsr-56850	148	15	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	148	16	70	70	NUM
elsr-56850	148	17	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	148	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	148	19	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	148	20	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	148	21	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	148	22	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
elsr-56850	148	23	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	148	24	30	30	NUM
elsr-56850	148	25	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	148	26	who	who	PRON
elsr-56850	148	27	belong	belong	VERB
elsr-56850	148	28	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	148	29	two	two	NUM
elsr-56850	148	30	different	different	ADJ
elsr-56850	148	31	universities	university	NOUN
elsr-56850	148	32	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	148	33	chittagong	chittagong	PROPN
elsr-56850	148	34	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	148	35	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
elsr-56850	148	36	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	148	37	international	international	PROPN
elsr-56850	148	38	islamic	islamic	PROPN
elsr-56850	148	39	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	148	40	chittagong	chittagong	PROPN
elsr-56850	148	41	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	148	42	port	port	PROPN
elsr-56850	148	43	city	city	PROPN
elsr-56850	148	44	international	international	PROPN
elsr-56850	148	45	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	148	46	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	149	1	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	149	2	use	use	VERB
elsr-56850	149	3	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	149	4	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	149	5	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	149	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	149	7	personal	personal	ADJ
elsr-56850	149	8	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	149	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	149	10	making	make	VERB
elsr-56850	149	11	it	it	PRON
elsr-56850	149	12	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	149	13	good	good	ADJ
elsr-56850	149	14	framework	framework	NOUN
elsr-56850	149	15	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	149	16	studying	study	VERB
elsr-56850	149	17	its	its	PRON
elsr-56850	149	18	educational	educational	ADJ
elsr-56850	149	19	effects	effect	NOUN
elsr-56850	149	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	150	1	purposive	purposive	ADJ
elsr-56850	150	2	sampling	sampling	NOUN
elsr-56850	150	3	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	150	4	been	be	AUX
elsr-56850	150	5	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	150	6	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	150	7	identify	identify	VERB
elsr-56850	150	8	100	100	NUM
elsr-56850	150	9	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	150	10	who	who	PRON
elsr-56850	150	11	use	use	VERB
elsr-56850	150	12	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	150	13	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	150	14	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	150	15	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	150	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	150	17	including	include	VERB
elsr-56850	150	18	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	150	19	discussions	discussion	NOUN
elsr-56850	150	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	150	21	assignment	assignment	NOUN
elsr-56850	150	22	sharing	sharing	NOUN
elsr-56850	150	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	150	24	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	150	25	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	150	26	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	150	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	151	1	among	among	ADP
elsr-56850	151	2	these	these	DET
elsr-56850	151	3	100	100	NUM
elsr-56850	151	4	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	151	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	151	6	60	60	NUM
elsr-56850	151	7	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	151	8	study	study	VERB
elsr-56850	151	9	at	at	ADP
elsr-56850	151	10	international	international	PROPN
elsr-56850	151	11	islamic	islamic	PROPN
elsr-56850	151	12	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	151	13	chittagong	chittagong	PROPN
elsr-56850	151	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	151	15	other	other	ADJ
elsr-56850	151	16	40	40	NUM
elsr-56850	151	17	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	151	18	study	study	VERB
elsr-56850	151	19	at	at	ADP
elsr-56850	151	20	port	port	PROPN
elsr-56850	151	21	city	city	PROPN
elsr-56850	151	22	international	international	PROPN
elsr-56850	151	23	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	151	24	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	152	1	five	five	NUM
elsr-56850	152	2	english	english	ADJ
elsr-56850	152	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	152	4	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	152	5	provided	provide	VERB
elsr-56850	152	6	professional	professional	ADJ
elsr-56850	152	7	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
elsr-56850	152	8	about	about	ADP
elsr-56850	152	9	using	use	VERB
elsr-56850	152	10	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	152	11	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	152	12	teach	teach	VERB
elsr-56850	152	13	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	152	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	153	1	among	among	ADP
elsr-56850	153	2	these	these	DET
elsr-56850	153	3	5	5	NUM
elsr-56850	153	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	153	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	153	6	03	03	NUM
elsr-56850	153	7	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	153	8	belong	belong	VERB
elsr-56850	153	9	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	153	10	international	international	ADJ
elsr-56850	153	11	islamic	islamic	PROPN
elsr-56850	153	12	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	153	13	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	153	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	153	15	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	153	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	153	17	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	153	18	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	153	19	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	153	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	154	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	154	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	154	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	154	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	154	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	154	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	154	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	154	8	21	21	NUM
elsr-56850	154	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	154	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	154	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	154	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	154	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	154	14	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	154	15	chittagong	chittagong	PROPN
elsr-56850	154	16	while	while	SCONJ
elsr-56850	154	17	02	02	NUM
elsr-56850	154	18	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	154	19	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	154	20	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	154	21	port	port	NOUN
elsr-56850	154	22	city	city	PROPN
elsr-56850	154	23	international	international	PROPN
elsr-56850	154	24	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	154	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	155	1	cohen	cohen	PROPN
elsr-56850	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	155	3	manion	manion	NOUN
elsr-56850	155	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	155	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	155	6	morrison	morrison	PROPN
elsr-56850	155	7	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	155	8	2018	2018	NUM
elsr-56850	155	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	155	10	recommend	recommend	VERB
elsr-56850	155	11	purposive	purposive	NOUN
elsr-56850	155	12	sampling	sampling	NOUN
elsr-56850	155	13	when	when	SCONJ
elsr-56850	155	14	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	155	15	researchers	researcher	NOUN
elsr-56850	155	16	seek	seek	VERB
elsr-56850	155	17	participants	participant	NOUN
elsr-56850	155	18	who	who	PRON
elsr-56850	155	19	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	155	20	especially	especially	ADV
elsr-56850	155	21	knowledgeable	knowledgeable	ADJ
elsr-56850	155	22	about	about	ADP
elsr-56850	155	23	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	155	24	experienced	experience	VERB
elsr-56850	155	25	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	155	26	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	155	27	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
elsr-56850	155	28	under	under	ADP
elsr-56850	155	29	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	155	30	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	155	31	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	155	32	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	155	33	217	217	NUM
elsr-56850	155	34	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	155	35	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	156	1	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	156	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	156	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	156	4	provide	provide	VERB
elsr-56850	156	5	diverse	diverse	ADJ
elsr-56850	156	6	views	view	NOUN
elsr-56850	156	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	156	8	boosting	boost	VERB
elsr-56850	156	9	trustworthiness	trustworthiness	NOUN
elsr-56850	156	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	157	1	4.2	4.2	NUM
elsr-56850	157	2	tools	tool	NOUN
elsr-56850	157	3	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	157	4	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	157	5	we	we	PRON
elsr-56850	157	6	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	157	7	utilised	utilise	VERB
elsr-56850	157	8	three	three	NUM
elsr-56850	157	9	major	major	ADJ
elsr-56850	157	10	devices	device	NOUN
elsr-56850	157	11	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	157	12	collect	collect	VERB
elsr-56850	157	13	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	157	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	157	15	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	157	16	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	157	17	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	157	18	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	157	19	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-56850	157	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	158	1	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	158	2	standardised	standardised	ADJ
elsr-56850	158	3	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-56850	158	4	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	158	5	closed	close	VERB
elsr-56850	158	6	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	158	7	ended	end	VERB
elsr-56850	158	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	158	9	likert	likert	ADJ
elsr-56850	158	10	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	158	11	scale	scale	NOUN
elsr-56850	158	12	items	item	NOUN
elsr-56850	158	13	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	158	14	been	be	AUX
elsr-56850	158	15	created	create	VERB
elsr-56850	158	16	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	158	17	assess	assess	VERB
elsr-56850	158	18	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	158	19	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	158	20	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	158	21	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	158	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	158	23	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	158	24	habits	habit	NOUN
elsr-56850	158	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	158	26	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	158	27	views	view	NOUN
elsr-56850	158	28	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	158	29	its	its	PRON
elsr-56850	158	30	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	158	31	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	159	1	several	several	ADJ
elsr-56850	159	2	mobile	mobile	NOUN
elsr-56850	159	3	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	159	4	assisted	assist	VERB
elsr-56850	159	5	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	159	6	researches	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	159	7	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	159	8	inspired	inspire	VERB
elsr-56850	159	9	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	159	10	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-56850	159	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	159	12	bouhami	bouhami	PROPN
elsr-56850	159	13	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	159	14	guaissi	guaissi	PROPN
elsr-56850	159	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	159	16	2021	2021	NUM
elsr-56850	159	17	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-56850	159	18	alhassan	alhassan	VERB
elsr-56850	159	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	159	20	2020	2020	NUM
elsr-56850	159	21	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	159	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	160	1	4.2.1	4.2.1	NUM
elsr-56850	160	2	tasks	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	160	3	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	160	4	write	write	VERB
elsr-56850	160	5	two	two	NUM
elsr-56850	160	6	brief	brief	ADJ
elsr-56850	160	7	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	160	8	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-56850	160	9	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	160	10	requested	request	VERB
elsr-56850	160	11	before	before	ADV
elsr-56850	160	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	160	13	after	after	ADP
elsr-56850	160	14	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	160	15	six	six	NUM
elsr-56850	160	16	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	160	17	week	week	NOUN
elsr-56850	160	18	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	160	19	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	160	20	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	160	21	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	160	22	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	160	23	activity	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	160	24	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	1	hyland	hyland	PROPN
elsr-56850	161	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	3	2016	2016	NUM
elsr-56850	161	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	5	states	state	VERB
elsr-56850	161	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	161	7	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	8	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	161	9	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
elsr-56850	161	10	entails	entail	VERB
elsr-56850	161	11	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	161	12	interplay	interplay	NOUN
elsr-56850	161	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	161	14	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	161	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	16	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
elsr-56850	161	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	161	19	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	161	20	elements	element	NOUN
elsr-56850	161	21	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	22	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	23	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	161	24	79	79	NUM
elsr-56850	161	25	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	27	hence	hence	ADV
elsr-56850	161	28	these	these	DET
elsr-56850	161	29	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-56850	161	30	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	161	31	assessed	assess	VERB
elsr-56850	161	32	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	161	33	fluency	fluency	NOUN
elsr-56850	161	34	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	35	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
elsr-56850	161	36	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	161	37	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	38	coherence	coherence	NOUN
elsr-56850	161	39	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	161	40	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	161	41	lexical	lexical	ADJ
elsr-56850	161	42	richness	richness	NOUN
elsr-56850	161	43	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	162	1	4.2.2	4.2.2	NUM
elsr-56850	162	2	semi	semi	ADJ
elsr-56850	162	3	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	162	4	structured	structured	ADJ
elsr-56850	162	5	interviews	interview	NOUN
elsr-56850	162	6	twenty	twenty	NUM
elsr-56850	162	7	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	162	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	162	9	all	all	DET
elsr-56850	162	10	five	five	NUM
elsr-56850	162	11	professors	professor	NOUN
elsr-56850	162	12	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	162	13	been	be	AUX
elsr-56850	162	14	engaged	engage	VERB
elsr-56850	162	15	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	162	16	semi	semi	ADJ
elsr-56850	162	17	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	162	18	structured	structured	ADJ
elsr-56850	162	19	interviews	interview	NOUN
elsr-56850	162	20	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	162	21	deeper	deep	ADJ
elsr-56850	162	22	insights	insight	NOUN
elsr-56850	162	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	163	1	open	open	ADJ
elsr-56850	163	2	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	163	3	ended	end	VERB
elsr-56850	163	4	questions	question	NOUN
elsr-56850	163	5	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	163	6	examined	examine	VERB
elsr-56850	163	7	participants	participant	NOUN
elsr-56850	163	8	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	163	9	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	163	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	163	11	teamwork	teamwork	NOUN
elsr-56850	163	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	163	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	163	14	perceived	perceive	VERB
elsr-56850	163	15	problems	problem	NOUN
elsr-56850	163	16	utilising	utilise	VERB
elsr-56850	163	17	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	163	18	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	163	19	improve	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	163	20	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	163	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	164	1	interviews	interview	NOUN
elsr-56850	164	2	help	help	VERB
elsr-56850	164	3	researchers	researcher	NOUN
elsr-56850	164	4	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	164	5	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	164	6	understand	understand	VERB
elsr-56850	164	7	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	164	8	world	world	NOUN
elsr-56850	164	9	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	164	10	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	164	11	subjects	subject	NOUN
elsr-56850	164	12	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	164	13	point	point	NOUN
elsr-56850	164	14	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	164	15	view	view	NOUN
elsr-56850	164	16	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	164	17	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	164	18	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	164	19	18	18	NUM
elsr-56850	164	20	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	164	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	164	22	making	make	VERB
elsr-56850	164	23	them	they	PRON
elsr-56850	164	24	perfect	perfect	ADJ
elsr-56850	164	25	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	164	26	studying	study	VERB
elsr-56850	164	27	perceptions	perception	NOUN
elsr-56850	164	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	164	29	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
elsr-56850	164	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	164	31	according	accord	VERB
elsr-56850	164	32	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	164	33	kvale	kvale	PROPN
elsr-56850	164	34	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	164	35	2007	2007	NUM
elsr-56850	164	36	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	164	37	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	165	1	5	5	X
elsr-56850	165	2	.	.	X
elsr-56850	165	3	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	4	collection	collection	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	5	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	6	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	7	gathering	gathering	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	8	has	have	VERB
elsr-56850	165	9	three	three	NUM
elsr-56850	165	10	phases	phase	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	11	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	165	12	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
elsr-56850	165	13	stage	stage	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	14	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	165	15	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	165	16	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	165	17	stage	stage	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	18	participants	participant	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	19	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	165	20	told	tell	VERB
elsr-56850	165	21	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	165	22	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	165	23	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	24	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	165	25	goals	goal	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	26	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	165	27	given	give	VERB
elsr-56850	165	28	confidentiality	confidentiality	NOUN
elsr-56850	165	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	166	1	ethicsbased	ethicsbase	VERB
elsr-56850	166	2	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	166	3	consent	consent	NOUN
elsr-56850	166	4	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	166	5	been	be	AUX
elsr-56850	166	6	acquired	acquire	VERB
elsr-56850	166	7	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	166	8	cohen	cohen	PROPN
elsr-56850	166	9	et	et	PROPN
elsr-56850	166	10	al	al	PROPN
elsr-56850	166	11	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	166	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	166	13	2018	2018	NUM
elsr-56850	166	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	166	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	167	1	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	2	stage	stage	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	3	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	167	4	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	5	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	167	6	participated	participate	VERB
elsr-56850	167	7	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	167	8	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	9	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	167	10	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	167	11	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	12	activities	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	167	14	such	such	ADJ
elsr-56850	167	15	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	167	16	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	17	discussions	discussion	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	18	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	167	19	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
elsr-56850	167	20	essay	essay	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	21	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	167	23	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	167	24	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	25	review	review	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	26	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	167	27	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	167	28	six	six	NUM
elsr-56850	167	29	weeks	week	NOUN
elsr-56850	167	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	168	1	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	168	2	provide	provide	VERB
elsr-56850	168	3	advice	advice	NOUN
elsr-56850	168	4	via	via	ADP
elsr-56850	168	5	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	168	6	chat	chat	PROPN
elsr-56850	168	7	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	168	8	voice	voice	NOUN
elsr-56850	168	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	169	1	post	post	ADJ
elsr-56850	169	2	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	169	3	intervention	intervention	ADJ
elsr-56850	169	4	stage	stage	NOUN
elsr-56850	169	5	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	169	6	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	169	7	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	169	8	stage	stage	NOUN
elsr-56850	169	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	169	10	post	post	ADJ
elsr-56850	169	11	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	169	12	intervention	intervention	ADJ
elsr-56850	169	13	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
elsr-56850	169	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	169	15	interviews	interview	NOUN
elsr-56850	169	16	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	169	17	done	do	VERB
elsr-56850	169	18	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	169	19	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	169	20	final	final	ADJ
elsr-56850	169	21	stage	stage	NOUN
elsr-56850	169	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	170	1	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	170	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-56850	170	3	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	170	4	been	be	AUX
elsr-56850	170	5	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	170	6	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	170	7	student	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	170	8	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	170	9	examples	example	NOUN
elsr-56850	170	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	171	1	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	171	2	approach	approach	NOUN
elsr-56850	171	3	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	171	4	enabled	enable	VERB
elsr-56850	171	5	consistency	consistency	NOUN
elsr-56850	171	6	between	between	ADP
elsr-56850	171	7	instructional	instructional	ADJ
elsr-56850	171	8	intervention	intervention	NOUN
elsr-56850	171	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	171	10	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	171	11	measurement	measurement	NOUN
elsr-56850	171	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	171	13	allowing	allow	VERB
elsr-56850	171	14	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	171	15	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	171	16	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	171	17	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	171	18	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	171	19	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	171	20	be	be	AUX
elsr-56850	171	21	assessed	assess	VERB
elsr-56850	171	22	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	172	1	6	6	X
elsr-56850	172	2	.	.	X
elsr-56850	172	3	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	5	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	172	6	section	section	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	7	analyses	analyse	VERB
elsr-56850	172	8	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	172	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	172	10	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	172	11	evidence	evidence	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	12	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	172	13	university	university	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	14	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	172	16	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	17	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	172	18	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	19	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	20	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	172	21	influence	influence	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	22	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	172	23	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	24	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	172	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	173	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	173	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-56850	173	3	uses	use	VERB
elsr-56850	173	4	surveys	survey	NOUN
elsr-56850	173	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	173	6	written	write	VERB
elsr-56850	173	7	assessments	assessment	NOUN
elsr-56850	173	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	173	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	173	10	interviews	interview	NOUN
elsr-56850	173	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	174	1	after	after	ADP
elsr-56850	174	2	tables	table	NOUN
elsr-56850	174	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	174	4	percentages	percentage	NOUN
elsr-56850	174	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	174	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	174	7	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
elsr-56850	174	8	charts	chart	NOUN
elsr-56850	174	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	174	10	interpretative	interpretative	ADJ
elsr-56850	174	11	remarks	remark	NOUN
elsr-56850	174	12	follow	follow	VERB
elsr-56850	174	13	statistical	statistical	ADJ
elsr-56850	174	14	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	174	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	175	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	175	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	175	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	175	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	175	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	175	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	175	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	175	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	175	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	176	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	176	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	176	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	176	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	176	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	176	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	176	8	22	22	NUM
elsr-56850	176	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	176	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	176	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	176	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	176	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	176	14	table	table	PROPN
elsr-56850	176	15	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	176	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	176	17	demographic	demographic	ADJ
elsr-56850	176	18	information	information	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	19	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	176	20	participants	participant	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	21	variable	variable	ADJ
elsr-56850	176	22	category	category	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	23	frequency	frequency	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	24	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	176	25	n=100	n=100	NUM
elsr-56850	176	26	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	176	27	percentage	percentage	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	28	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	176	29	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	30	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	176	31	gender	gender	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	32	male	male	ADJ
elsr-56850	176	33	female	female	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	34	40	40	NUM
elsr-56850	176	35	60	60	NUM
elsr-56850	176	36	40	40	NUM
elsr-56850	176	37	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	38	60	60	NUM
elsr-56850	176	39	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	40	age	age	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	41	range	range	VERB
elsr-56850	176	42	18–20	18–20	NUM
elsr-56850	176	43	years	year	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	44	21–23	21–23	NUM
elsr-56850	176	45	years	year	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	46	24–26	24–26	NUM
elsr-56850	176	47	years	year	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	48	25	25	NUM
elsr-56850	176	49	50	50	NUM
elsr-56850	176	50	25	25	NUM
elsr-56850	176	51	25	25	NUM
elsr-56850	176	52	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	53	50	50	NUM
elsr-56850	176	54	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	55	25	25	NUM
elsr-56850	176	56	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	57	discipline	discipline	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	58	english	english	PROPN
elsr-56850	176	59	language	language	PROPN
elsr-56850	176	60	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	176	61	literature	literature	PROPN
elsr-56850	176	62	linguistics	linguistics	PROPN
elsr-56850	176	63	70	70	NUM
elsr-56850	176	64	30	30	NUM
elsr-56850	176	65	70	70	NUM
elsr-56850	176	66	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	67	30	30	NUM
elsr-56850	176	68	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	69	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	176	70	demographic	demographic	ADJ
elsr-56850	176	71	information	information	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	72	shows	show	VERB
elsr-56850	176	73	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	176	74	60	60	NUM
elsr-56850	176	75	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	76	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	176	77	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	176	78	users	user	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	79	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	176	80	female	female	ADJ
elsr-56850	176	81	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	176	82	aged	age	VERB
elsr-56850	176	83	19	19	NUM
elsr-56850	176	84	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	176	85	23	23	NUM
elsr-56850	176	86	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	177	1	all	all	DET
elsr-56850	177	2	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	177	3	pupils	pupil	NOUN
elsr-56850	177	4	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	177	5	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	177	6	classes	class	NOUN
elsr-56850	177	7	related	relate	VERB
elsr-56850	177	8	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	177	9	english	english	PROPN
elsr-56850	177	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	177	11	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	177	12	shows	show	VERB
elsr-56850	177	13	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	177	14	they	they	PRON
elsr-56850	177	15	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	177	16	ready	ready	ADJ
elsr-56850	177	17	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	177	18	write	write	VERB
elsr-56850	177	19	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	177	20	english	english	PROPN
elsr-56850	177	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	178	1	table	table	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	2	2	2	NUM
elsr-56850	178	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	178	4	frequency	frequency	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	178	6	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	7	use	use	VERB
elsr-56850	178	8	response	response	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	9	frequency	frequency	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	10	percentage	percentage	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	178	12	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	178	14	daily	daily	ADV
elsr-56850	178	15	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	178	16	more	more	ADJ
elsr-56850	178	17	than	than	ADP
elsr-56850	178	18	3	3	NUM
elsr-56850	178	19	hours	hour	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	20	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	178	21	68	68	NUM
elsr-56850	178	22	68	68	NUM
elsr-56850	178	23	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	24	several	several	ADJ
elsr-56850	178	25	times	time	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	26	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	178	27	week	week	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	28	20	20	NUM
elsr-56850	178	29	20	20	NUM
elsr-56850	178	30	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	31	occasionally	occasionally	ADV
elsr-56850	178	32	8	8	NUM
elsr-56850	178	33	8	8	NUM
elsr-56850	178	34	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	35	rarely	rarely	ADV
elsr-56850	178	36	4	4	NUM
elsr-56850	178	37	4	4	NUM
elsr-56850	178	38	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	39	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	178	40	results	result	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	41	indicate	indicate	VERB
elsr-56850	178	42	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	178	43	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	44	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	178	45	utilised	utilise	VERB
elsr-56850	178	46	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	178	47	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	178	48	most	most	ADJ
elsr-56850	178	49	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	178	50	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	178	51	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	52	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	178	53	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	178	54	daily	daily	ADJ
elsr-56850	178	55	basis	basis	NOUN
elsr-56850	178	56	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	179	1	platform	platform	NOUN
elsr-56850	179	2	familiarity	familiarity	NOUN
elsr-56850	179	3	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	179	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
elsr-56850	179	5	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	179	6	its	its	PRON
elsr-56850	179	7	high	high	ADJ
elsr-56850	179	8	usage	usage	NOUN
elsr-56850	179	9	frequency	frequency	NOUN
elsr-56850	179	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	179	11	which	which	PRON
elsr-56850	179	12	renders	render	VERB
elsr-56850	179	13	it	it	PRON
elsr-56850	179	14	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	179	15	viable	viable	ADJ
elsr-56850	179	16	medium	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	179	17	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	179	18	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	179	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	179	20	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	179	21	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	179	22	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	179	23	instructional	instructional	ADJ
elsr-56850	179	24	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
elsr-56850	179	25	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	180	1	table	table	NOUN
elsr-56850	180	2	3	3	NUM
elsr-56850	180	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	181	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	181	2	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	181	3	role	role	NOUN
elsr-56850	181	4	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	181	5	improving	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	181	6	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	181	7	fluency	fluency	NOUN
elsr-56850	181	8	perception	perception	NOUN
elsr-56850	181	9	statement	statement	NOUN
elsr-56850	181	10	agree	agree	VERB
elsr-56850	181	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	181	12	%	%	INTJ
elsr-56850	181	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	181	14	neutral	neutral	ADJ
elsr-56850	181	15	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	181	16	%	%	INTJ
elsr-56850	181	17	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	181	18	disagree	disagree	VERB
elsr-56850	181	19	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	181	20	%	%	INTJ
elsr-56850	181	21	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	181	22	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	181	23	helps	help	VERB
elsr-56850	181	24	me	i	PRON
elsr-56850	181	25	write	write	VERB
elsr-56850	181	26	more	more	ADV
elsr-56850	181	27	frequently	frequently	ADV
elsr-56850	181	28	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	182	1	84	84	NUM
elsr-56850	182	2	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	182	3	10	10	NUM
elsr-56850	182	4	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	182	5	6	6	NUM
elsr-56850	182	6	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	182	7	i	i	PRON
elsr-56850	182	8	feel	feel	VERB
elsr-56850	182	9	more	more	ADV
elsr-56850	182	10	confident	confident	ADJ
elsr-56850	182	11	expressing	express	VERB
elsr-56850	182	12	ideas	idea	NOUN
elsr-56850	182	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	182	14	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	182	15	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	182	16	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	182	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	183	1	78	78	NUM
elsr-56850	183	2	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	3	14	14	NUM
elsr-56850	183	4	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	5	8	8	NUM
elsr-56850	183	6	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	7	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	8	encourages	encourage	VERB
elsr-56850	183	9	me	i	PRON
elsr-56850	183	10	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	183	11	use	use	VERB
elsr-56850	183	12	new	new	ADJ
elsr-56850	183	13	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	183	15	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	183	16	72	72	NUM
elsr-56850	183	17	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	18	16	16	NUM
elsr-56850	183	19	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	20	12	12	NUM
elsr-56850	183	21	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	22	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	183	23	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	24	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	183	25	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	26	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	183	27	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	28	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	29	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	183	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	184	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	184	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	184	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	184	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	184	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	184	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	184	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	184	8	23	23	NUM
elsr-56850	184	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	184	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	184	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	184	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	184	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	185	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	185	2	majority	majority	NOUN
elsr-56850	185	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	185	4	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	185	5	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	185	6	stated	state	VERB
elsr-56850	185	7	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	185	8	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	185	9	helps	help	VERB
elsr-56850	185	10	them	they	PRON
elsr-56850	185	11	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	185	12	write	write	VERB
elsr-56850	185	13	more	more	ADV
elsr-56850	185	14	fluently	fluently	ADV
elsr-56850	185	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	185	16	confidently	confidently	ADV
elsr-56850	185	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	186	1	chats	chat	NOUN
elsr-56850	186	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	186	3	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	186	4	texting	texting	NOUN
elsr-56850	186	5	provide	provide	VERB
elsr-56850	186	6	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	186	7	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	186	8	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	186	9	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	186	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	187	1	hyland	hyland	PROPN
elsr-56850	187	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	187	3	2016	2016	NUM
elsr-56850	187	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	187	5	states	state	VERB
elsr-56850	187	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	187	7	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	187	8	regular	regular	ADJ
elsr-56850	187	9	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	187	10	exposure	exposure	NOUN
elsr-56850	187	11	increases	increase	VERB
elsr-56850	187	12	fluency	fluency	NOUN
elsr-56850	187	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	187	14	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	187	15	confidence	confidence	NOUN
elsr-56850	187	16	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	187	17	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	187	18	p.82	p.82	PROPN
elsr-56850	187	19	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	187	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	188	1	table	table	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	2	4	4	NUM
elsr-56850	188	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	188	4	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	5	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	188	6	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
elsr-56850	188	7	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	188	9	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	188	10	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	11	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	188	12	line	line	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	13	graph	graph	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	14	showing	show	VERB
elsr-56850	188	15	preand	preand	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	16	post	post	ADJ
elsr-56850	188	17	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	188	18	test	test	ADJ
elsr-56850	188	19	mean	mean	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	20	scores	score	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	21	aspect	aspect	VERB
elsr-56850	188	22	before	before	ADP
elsr-56850	188	23	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	24	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	188	25	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	188	26	activity	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	27	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	188	28	mean	mean	INTJ
elsr-56850	188	29	score	score	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	30	before	before	ADP
elsr-56850	188	31	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	32	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	188	33	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	188	34	activity	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	35	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	188	36	mean	mean	VERB
elsr-56850	188	37	score	score	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	38	improvement	improvement	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	39	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	188	40	%	%	INTJ
elsr-56850	188	41	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	188	42	grammar	grammar	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	43	62.5	62.5	NUM
elsr-56850	188	44	71.8	71.8	NUM
elsr-56850	188	45	+14.9	+14.9	PROPN
elsr-56850	188	46	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	47	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	48	65.2	65.2	NUM
elsr-56850	188	49	74.5	74.5	NUM
elsr-56850	188	50	+14.2	+14.2	PROPN
elsr-56850	188	51	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	52	coherence	coherence	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	53	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	188	54	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	55	68.6	68.6	NUM
elsr-56850	188	56	77.1	77.1	NUM
elsr-56850	188	57	+12.4	+12.4	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	58	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	59	overall	overall	ADJ
elsr-56850	188	60	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	61	score	score	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	62	65.4	65.4	NUM
elsr-56850	188	63	74.8	74.8	NUM
elsr-56850	188	64	+14.3	+14.3	NUM
elsr-56850	188	65	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	66	following	follow	VERB
elsr-56850	188	67	six	six	NUM
elsr-56850	188	68	weeks	week	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	69	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	188	70	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	71	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	188	72	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	188	73	activities	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	74	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	188	75	there	there	PRON
elsr-56850	188	76	is	be	VERB
elsr-56850	188	77	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	188	78	substantial	substantial	ADJ
elsr-56850	188	79	improvement	improvement	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	80	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	188	81	all	all	DET
elsr-56850	188	82	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	188	83	performance	performance	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	84	categories	category	NOUN
elsr-56850	188	85	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	189	1	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	189	2	significant	significant	ADJ
elsr-56850	189	3	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
elsr-56850	189	4	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	189	5	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	189	6	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	189	7	abilities	ability	NOUN
elsr-56850	189	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	189	9	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	189	10	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	189	11	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
elsr-56850	189	12	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	189	13	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	189	14	paired	pair	VERB
elsr-56850	189	15	t	t	NOUN
elsr-56850	189	16	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	189	17	test	test	NOUN
elsr-56850	189	18	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	189	19	t	t	NOUN
elsr-56850	189	20	=	=	SYM
elsr-56850	189	21	5.82	5.82	NUM
elsr-56850	189	22	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	189	23	p	p	X
elsr-56850	189	24	<	<	X
elsr-56850	189	25	0.01	0.01	NUM
elsr-56850	189	26	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	189	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	190	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	190	2	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	190	3	provides	provide	VERB
elsr-56850	190	4	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	190	5	low	low	ADJ
elsr-56850	190	6	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	190	7	pressure	pressure	NOUN
elsr-56850	190	8	environment	environment	NOUN
elsr-56850	190	9	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	190	10	written	write	VERB
elsr-56850	190	11	expression	expression	NOUN
elsr-56850	190	12	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	190	13	improves	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	190	14	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	190	15	competence	competence	NOUN
elsr-56850	190	16	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	190	17	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	190	18	bouhami	bouhami	NOUN
elsr-56850	190	19	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	190	20	guaissi	guaissi	ADJ
elsr-56850	190	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	190	22	2021	2021	NUM
elsr-56850	190	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	190	24	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	190	25	118	118	NUM
elsr-56850	190	26	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	190	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	191	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	191	2	utilisation	utilisation	NOUN
elsr-56850	191	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	191	4	acronyms	acronym	NOUN
elsr-56850	191	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	191	6	emoticons	emoticon	NOUN
elsr-56850	191	7	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	191	8	certain	certain	ADJ
elsr-56850	191	9	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	191	10	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	191	11	more	more	ADV
elsr-56850	191	12	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
elsr-56850	191	13	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	191	14	underscoring	underscore	VERB
elsr-56850	191	15	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	191	16	necessity	necessity	NOUN
elsr-56850	191	17	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	191	18	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	191	19	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	191	20	norms	norm	NOUN
elsr-56850	191	21	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	191	22	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	191	23	equitable	equitable	ADJ
elsr-56850	191	24	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	192	1	table	table	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	2	5	5	NUM
elsr-56850	192	3	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	4	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	5	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	192	7	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	8	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	192	9	clustered	clustered	ADJ
elsr-56850	192	10	bar	bar	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	11	chart	chart	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	12	showing	show	VERB
elsr-56850	192	13	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
elsr-56850	192	14	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	15	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	16	statement	statement	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	17	agree	agree	VERB
elsr-56850	192	18	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	192	19	%	%	INTJ
elsr-56850	192	20	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	192	21	neutral	neutral	ADJ
elsr-56850	192	22	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	192	23	%	%	INTJ
elsr-56850	192	24	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	192	25	disagree	disagree	VERB
elsr-56850	192	26	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	192	27	%	%	INTJ
elsr-56850	192	28	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	192	29	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	30	allows	allow	VERB
elsr-56850	192	31	me	i	PRON
elsr-56850	192	32	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	192	33	share	share	VERB
elsr-56850	192	34	my	my	PRON
elsr-56850	192	35	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	36	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	192	37	receive	receive	VERB
elsr-56850	192	38	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	192	39	easily	easily	ADV
elsr-56850	192	40	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	193	1	88	88	NUM
elsr-56850	193	2	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	193	3	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	193	4	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	193	5	5	5	NUM
elsr-56850	193	6	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	193	7	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	193	8	discussions	discussion	NOUN
elsr-56850	193	9	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	193	10	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	193	11	improve	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	193	12	my	my	PRON
elsr-56850	193	13	sentence	sentence	NOUN
elsr-56850	193	14	structure	structure	NOUN
elsr-56850	193	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	193	16	ideas	idea	NOUN
elsr-56850	193	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	194	1	82	82	NUM
elsr-56850	194	2	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	194	3	10	10	NUM
elsr-56850	194	4	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	194	5	8	8	NUM
elsr-56850	194	6	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	194	7	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	194	8	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	194	9	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	194	10	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	194	11	motivates	motivate	VERB
elsr-56850	194	12	me	i	PRON
elsr-56850	194	13	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	194	14	improve	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	194	15	my	my	PRON
elsr-56850	194	16	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	194	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	195	1	76	76	NUM
elsr-56850	195	2	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	195	3	14	14	NUM
elsr-56850	195	4	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	195	5	10	10	NUM
elsr-56850	195	6	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	195	7	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	195	8	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	195	9	proved	prove	VERB
elsr-56850	195	10	popular	popular	ADJ
elsr-56850	195	11	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	195	12	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	195	13	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	195	14	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
elsr-56850	195	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	195	16	real	real	ADJ
elsr-56850	195	17	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	195	18	time	time	NOUN
elsr-56850	195	19	feedback	feedback	NOUN
elsr-56850	195	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	196	1	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	196	2	chats	chat	NOUN
elsr-56850	196	3	complement	complement	VERB
elsr-56850	196	4	vygotsky	vygotsky	NOUN
elsr-56850	196	5	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	196	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	196	7	1978	1978	NUM
elsr-56850	196	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	196	9	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	196	10	constructivist	constructivist	NOUN
elsr-56850	196	11	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	196	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	196	13	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-56850	196	14	through	through	ADP
elsr-56850	196	15	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	196	16	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	196	17	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	196	18	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	196	19	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	196	20	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	196	21	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	196	22	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	196	23	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	196	24	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	196	25	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	196	26	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	197	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	197	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	197	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	197	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	197	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	197	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	197	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	197	8	24	24	NUM
elsr-56850	197	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	197	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	197	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	197	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	197	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	197	14	encouraging	encourage	VERB
elsr-56850	197	15	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	197	16	correction	correction	NOUN
elsr-56850	197	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	197	18	idea	idea	NOUN
elsr-56850	197	19	exchange	exchange	NOUN
elsr-56850	197	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	198	1	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	198	2	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	198	3	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	198	4	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
elsr-56850	198	5	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	198	6	classroom	classroom	NOUN
elsr-56850	198	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	198	8	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	198	9	it	it	PRON
elsr-56850	198	10	emphasises	emphasise	VERB
elsr-56850	198	11	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	198	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	198	13	community	community	NOUN
elsr-56850	198	14	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	198	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	199	1	table	table	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	2	6	6	NUM
elsr-56850	199	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	199	4	negative	negative	ADJ
elsr-56850	199	5	influences	influence	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	6	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	199	7	limitations	limitation	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	8	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	199	9	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
elsr-56850	199	10	bar	bar	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	11	chart	chart	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	199	13	reported	report	VERB
elsr-56850	199	14	challenges	challenge	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	15	issue	issue	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	16	frequency	frequency	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	17	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	199	18	n	n	CCONJ
elsr-56850	199	19	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	199	20	percentage	percentage	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	21	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	199	22	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	23	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	199	24	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	25	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	199	26	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	199	27	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	28	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	199	29	abbreviations	abbreviation	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	199	31	emojis	emoji	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	32	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	199	33	56	56	NUM
elsr-56850	199	34	56	56	NUM
elsr-56850	199	35	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	36	distraction	distraction	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	37	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	199	38	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	199	39	tasks	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	40	48	48	NUM
elsr-56850	199	41	48	48	NUM
elsr-56850	199	42	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	43	overdependence	overdependence	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	44	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	199	45	auto	auto	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	46	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	199	47	correct	correct	ADJ
elsr-56850	199	48	tools	tool	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	49	39	39	NUM
elsr-56850	199	50	39	39	NUM
elsr-56850	199	51	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	52	lack	lack	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	53	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	199	54	teacher	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	55	supervision	supervision	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	56	32	32	NUM
elsr-56850	199	57	32	32	NUM
elsr-56850	199	58	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	59	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	60	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	199	61	promoted	promote	VERB
elsr-56850	199	62	unstructured	unstructured	ADJ
elsr-56850	199	63	forms	form	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	64	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	199	65	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	199	66	fluency	fluency	NOUN
elsr-56850	199	67	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	200	1	over	over	ADP
elsr-56850	200	2	half	half	NOUN
elsr-56850	200	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	200	4	participants	participant	NOUN
elsr-56850	200	5	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	200	6	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	200	7	non	non	ADJ
elsr-56850	200	8	-	-	ADJ
elsr-56850	200	9	standard	standard	ADJ
elsr-56850	200	10	terminology	terminology	NOUN
elsr-56850	200	11	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	200	12	text	text	NOUN
elsr-56850	200	13	shortcuts	shortcut	NOUN
elsr-56850	200	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	200	15	hurting	hurt	VERB
elsr-56850	200	16	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	200	17	professional	professional	ADJ
elsr-56850	200	18	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	200	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	1	alhassan	alhassan	ADJ
elsr-56850	201	2	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	3	2020	2020	NUM
elsr-56850	201	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	5	states	state	VERB
elsr-56850	201	6	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	201	7	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	8	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	9	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	10	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	201	11	habits	habit	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	12	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	201	13	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	14	often	often	ADV
elsr-56850	201	15	transfer	transfer	VERB
elsr-56850	201	16	into	into	ADP
elsr-56850	201	17	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	201	18	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	20	reducing	reduce	VERB
elsr-56850	201	21	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
elsr-56850	201	22	precision	precision	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	23	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	24	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	25	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	26	183	183	NUM
elsr-56850	201	27	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	28	table	table	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	29	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	201	30	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	31	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	32	’	’	PART
elsr-56850	201	33	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	34	interviews	interview	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	35	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	201	36	five	five	NUM
elsr-56850	201	37	instructors	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	38	have	have	AUX
elsr-56850	201	39	yielded	yield	VERB
elsr-56850	201	40	thematic	thematic	ADJ
elsr-56850	201	41	findings	finding	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	42	summarized	summarize	VERB
elsr-56850	201	43	here	here	ADV
elsr-56850	201	44	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	45	theme	theme	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	46	instructor	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	47	agreement	agreement	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	48	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	49	%	%	INTJ
elsr-56850	201	50	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	51	illustrative	illustrative	ADJ
elsr-56850	201	52	quotation	quotation	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	53	encourages	encourage	VERB
elsr-56850	201	54	regular	regular	ADJ
elsr-56850	201	55	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	56	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	57	100	100	NUM
elsr-56850	201	58	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	59	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	60	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	61	write	write	VERB
elsr-56850	201	62	more	more	ADV
elsr-56850	201	63	freely	freely	ADV
elsr-56850	201	64	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	201	65	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	66	than	than	ADP
elsr-56850	201	67	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	201	68	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	201	69	essays	essay	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	70	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	71	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	72	enhances	enhance	VERB
elsr-56850	201	73	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	74	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	201	75	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	76	review	review	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	77	80	80	NUM
elsr-56850	201	78	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	79	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	80	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	81	chats	chat	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	82	foster	foster	VERB
elsr-56850	201	83	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	201	84	sense	sense	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	85	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	201	86	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	201	87	community	community	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	88	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	201	89	shared	shared	ADJ
elsr-56850	201	90	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	201	91	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	201	92	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	202	1	promotes	promote	VERB
elsr-56850	202	2	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	202	3	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	202	4	habits	habit	NOUN
elsr-56850	202	5	60	60	NUM
elsr-56850	202	6	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	202	7	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	202	8	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	202	9	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	202	10	tone	tone	NOUN
elsr-56850	202	11	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
elsr-56850	202	12	seeps	seep	VERB
elsr-56850	202	13	into	into	ADP
elsr-56850	202	14	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	202	15	submissions	submission	NOUN
elsr-56850	202	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	202	17	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	203	1	supports	support	VERB
elsr-56850	203	2	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	203	3	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	203	4	participation	participation	NOUN
elsr-56850	203	5	90	90	NUM
elsr-56850	203	6	%	%	NOUN
elsr-56850	203	7	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	203	8	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	203	9	keeps	keep	VERB
elsr-56850	203	10	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	203	11	engaged	engage	VERB
elsr-56850	203	12	beyond	beyond	ADP
elsr-56850	203	13	classroom	classroom	NOUN
elsr-56850	203	14	hours	hour	NOUN
elsr-56850	203	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	203	16	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	203	17	table	table	NOUN
elsr-56850	203	18	8	8	NUM
elsr-56850	203	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	204	1	overall	overall	ADJ
elsr-56850	204	2	statistical	statistical	ADJ
elsr-56850	204	3	summary	summary	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	4	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	204	5	composite	composite	ADJ
elsr-56850	204	6	column	column	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	7	chart	chart	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	8	comparing	compare	VERB
elsr-56850	204	9	preand	preand	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	10	postintervention	postintervention	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	11	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	204	12	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	13	variable	variable	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	14	before	before	ADV
elsr-56850	204	15	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	204	16	%	%	INTJ
elsr-56850	204	17	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	204	18	after	after	ADP
elsr-56850	204	19	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	204	20	%	%	INTJ
elsr-56850	204	21	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	204	22	change	change	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	23	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	204	24	%	%	INTJ
elsr-56850	204	25	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	204	26	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	204	27	fluency	fluency	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	28	60	60	NUM
elsr-56850	204	29	78	78	NUM
elsr-56850	204	30	+18	+18	ADJ
elsr-56850	204	31	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
elsr-56850	204	32	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	33	63	63	NUM
elsr-56850	204	34	74	74	NUM
elsr-56850	204	35	+11	+11	ADJ
elsr-56850	204	36	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
elsr-56850	204	37	range	range	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	38	65	65	NUM
elsr-56850	204	39	76	76	NUM
elsr-56850	204	40	+11	+11	ADJ
elsr-56850	204	41	coherence	coherence	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	42	68	68	NUM
elsr-56850	204	43	80	80	NUM
elsr-56850	204	44	+12	+12	PROPN
elsr-56850	204	45	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	46	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	47	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	204	48	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	49	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	204	50	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	51	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	52	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	204	53	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	205	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	205	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	205	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	205	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	205	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	205	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	205	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	205	8	25	25	NUM
elsr-56850	205	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	205	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	205	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	205	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	205	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	205	14	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	205	15	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	205	16	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	205	17	70	70	NUM
elsr-56850	205	18	84	84	NUM
elsr-56850	205	19	+14	+14	ADJ
elsr-56850	205	20	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	205	21	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	205	22	boosts	boost	VERB
elsr-56850	205	23	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	205	24	fluency	fluency	NOUN
elsr-56850	205	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	205	26	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	205	27	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	205	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	205	29	coherence	coherence	NOUN
elsr-56850	205	30	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	205	31	according	accord	VERB
elsr-56850	205	32	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	205	33	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	205	34	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	206	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
elsr-56850	206	2	gains	gain	NOUN
elsr-56850	206	3	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	206	4	all	all	DET
elsr-56850	206	5	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	206	6	metrics	metric	NOUN
elsr-56850	206	7	suggest	suggest	VERB
elsr-56850	206	8	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	206	9	informal	informal	ADJ
elsr-56850	206	10	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	206	11	improves	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	206	12	abilities	ability	NOUN
elsr-56850	206	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	207	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	207	2	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	207	3	been	be	AUX
elsr-56850	207	4	proved	prove	VERB
elsr-56850	207	5	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	207	6	be	be	AUX
elsr-56850	207	7	an	an	DET
elsr-56850	207	8	interactive	interactive	ADJ
elsr-56850	207	9	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	207	10	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	207	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	207	12	learner	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	207	13	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
elsr-56850	207	14	platform	platform	NOUN
elsr-56850	207	15	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	207	16	cetinkaya	cetinkaya	NOUN
elsr-56850	207	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	207	18	2017	2017	NUM
elsr-56850	207	19	;	;	PUNCT
elsr-56850	207	20	ahmed	ahme	VERB
elsr-56850	207	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	207	22	2019	2019	NUM
elsr-56850	207	23	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	207	24	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	208	1	7	7	X
elsr-56850	208	2	.	.	X
elsr-56850	208	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
elsr-56850	208	4	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	208	5	investigation	investigation	NOUN
elsr-56850	208	6	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	208	7	examined	examine	VERB
elsr-56850	208	8	how	how	SCONJ
elsr-56850	208	9	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	208	10	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	208	11	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	208	12	activities	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	208	13	improve	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	208	14	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	PROPN
elsr-56850	208	15	efl	efl	PROPN
elsr-56850	208	16	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	208	17	level	level	NOUN
elsr-56850	208	18	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	208	19	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	208	20	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	208	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	209	1	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	209	2	novel	novel	ADJ
elsr-56850	209	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-56850	209	4	method	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	209	5	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	209	6	improved	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	209	7	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	209	8	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	209	9	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	209	10	performance	performance	NOUN
elsr-56850	209	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	209	12	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	209	13	five	five	NUM
elsr-56850	209	14	targeted	target	VERB
elsr-56850	209	15	sub	sub	NOUN
elsr-56850	209	16	-	-	NOUN
elsr-56850	209	17	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	209	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	210	1	thus	thus	ADV
elsr-56850	210	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	210	3	mobile	mobile	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	4	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	210	5	assisted	assist	VERB
elsr-56850	210	6	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	7	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	8	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	210	9	mall	mall	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	10	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	210	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	210	12	task	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	13	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	210	14	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	210	15	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	17	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	210	18	tblt	tblt	ADJ
elsr-56850	210	19	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	210	20	show	show	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	21	promise	promise	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	22	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	210	23	improving	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	210	24	efl	efl	PROPN
elsr-56850	210	25	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	26	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	210	27	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	28	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	210	29	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	211	1	according	accord	VERB
elsr-56850	211	2	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	211	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	211	4	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	211	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	211	6	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	211	7	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	211	8	use	use	VERB
elsr-56850	211	9	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	211	10	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	211	11	improve	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	211	12	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	211	13	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	211	14	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	211	15	instructor	instructor	NOUN
elsr-56850	211	16	direction	direction	NOUN
elsr-56850	211	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	212	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	212	2	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	212	3	be	be	AUX
elsr-56850	212	4	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	212	5	alongside	alongside	ADP
elsr-56850	212	6	task	task	NOUN
elsr-56850	212	7	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	212	8	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	212	9	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	212	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-56850	212	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	212	12	tblt	tblt	NOUN
elsr-56850	212	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	212	14	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	212	15	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	212	16	sessions	session	NOUN
elsr-56850	212	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	213	1	this	this	PRON
elsr-56850	213	2	accelerates	accelerate	VERB
elsr-56850	213	3	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	213	4	processing	processing	NOUN
elsr-56850	213	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	213	6	aids	aids	PROPN
elsr-56850	213	7	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	213	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	214	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	214	2	bridge	bridge	VERB
elsr-56850	214	3	outside	outside	ADP
elsr-56850	214	4	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	214	5	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	214	6	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	214	7	class	class	NOUN
elsr-56850	214	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	214	9	classroom	classroom	NOUN
elsr-56850	214	10	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	214	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	214	12	change	change	VERB
elsr-56850	214	13	their	their	PRON
elsr-56850	214	14	techniques	technique	NOUN
elsr-56850	214	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	214	16	practices	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	214	17	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	214	18	doing	do	VERB
elsr-56850	214	19	so	so	ADV
elsr-56850	214	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	215	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	215	2	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
elsr-56850	215	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	215	4	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	215	5	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	215	6	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	215	7	also	also	ADV
elsr-56850	215	8	motivate	motivate	VERB
elsr-56850	215	9	syllabus	syllabus	NOUN
elsr-56850	215	10	designers	designer	NOUN
elsr-56850	215	11	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	215	12	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
elsr-56850	215	13	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	215	14	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	215	15	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	215	16	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	215	17	into	into	ADP
elsr-56850	215	18	classroom	classroom	NOUN
elsr-56850	215	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
elsr-56850	215	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	216	1	although	although	SCONJ
elsr-56850	216	2	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	216	3	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	216	4	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	216	5	reached	reach	VERB
elsr-56850	216	6	important	important	ADJ
elsr-56850	216	7	results	result	NOUN
elsr-56850	216	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	216	9	shortcomings	shortcoming	NOUN
elsr-56850	216	10	are	be	AUX
elsr-56850	216	11	noted	note	VERB
elsr-56850	216	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	217	1	first	first	ADV
elsr-56850	217	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	217	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	217	4	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	217	5	has	have	AUX
elsr-56850	217	6	used	use	VERB
elsr-56850	217	7	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	217	8	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	217	9	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	217	10	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	217	11	abilities	ability	NOUN
elsr-56850	217	12	exclusively	exclusively	ADV
elsr-56850	217	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	218	1	also	also	ADV
elsr-56850	218	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	218	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	218	4	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-56850	218	5	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	218	6	tiny	tiny	ADJ
elsr-56850	218	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	219	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
elsr-56850	219	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	219	3	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	219	4	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	219	5	suggests	suggest	VERB
elsr-56850	219	6	large	large	ADJ
elsr-56850	219	7	samples	sample	NOUN
elsr-56850	219	8	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	219	9	improved	improved	ADJ
elsr-56850	219	10	insights	insight	NOUN
elsr-56850	219	11	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	219	12	future	future	ADJ
elsr-56850	219	13	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	219	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	220	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
elsr-56850	220	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	220	3	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	220	4	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	220	5	like	like	ADP
elsr-56850	220	6	student	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	220	7	interviews	interview	NOUN
elsr-56850	220	8	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	220	9	recommended	recommend	VERB
elsr-56850	220	10	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	220	11	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	220	12	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	220	13	depth	depth	NOUN
elsr-56850	220	14	data	datum	NOUN
elsr-56850	220	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-56850	220	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	221	1	8	8	X
elsr-56850	221	2	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	221	3	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
elsr-56850	221	4	8.1	8.1	NUM
elsr-56850	221	5	structured	structure	VERB
elsr-56850	221	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-56850	221	7	integration	integration	NOUN
elsr-56850	221	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	221	9	should	should	AUX
elsr-56850	221	10	create	create	VERB
elsr-56850	221	11	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	221	12	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	221	13	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	221	14	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	221	15	activities	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	221	16	that	that	PRON
elsr-56850	221	17	meet	meet	VERB
elsr-56850	221	18	curricular	curricular	ADJ
elsr-56850	221	19	requirements	requirement	NOUN
elsr-56850	221	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	222	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	222	2	groups	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	222	3	allow	allow	VERB
elsr-56850	222	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	222	5	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	222	6	organise	organise	VERB
elsr-56850	222	7	weekly	weekly	ADJ
elsr-56850	222	8	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	222	9	topics	topic	NOUN
elsr-56850	222	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	222	11	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
elsr-56850	222	12	essay	essay	NOUN
elsr-56850	222	13	projects	project	NOUN
elsr-56850	222	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	222	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	222	16	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	222	17	criticism	criticism	NOUN
elsr-56850	222	18	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	223	1	structured	structured	ADJ
elsr-56850	223	2	integration	integration	NOUN
elsr-56850	223	3	balances	balance	VERB
elsr-56850	223	4	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	223	5	rigour	rigour	NOUN
elsr-56850	223	6	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	223	7	casual	casual	ADJ
elsr-56850	223	8	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	223	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	224	1	8.2	8.2	NUM
elsr-56850	224	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	224	3	supervision	supervision	NOUN
elsr-56850	224	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	224	5	advice	advice	NOUN
elsr-56850	224	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	224	7	should	should	AUX
elsr-56850	224	8	monitor	monitor	VERB
elsr-56850	224	9	student	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	224	10	interactions	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	224	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	224	12	fix	fix	NOUN
elsr-56850	224	13	grammar	grammar	NOUN
elsr-56850	224	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	224	15	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
elsr-56850	224	16	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	224	17	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	224	18	style	style	NOUN
elsr-56850	224	19	quickly	quickly	ADV
elsr-56850	224	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	225	1	warschauer	warschauer	NOUN
elsr-56850	225	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	225	3	liaw	liaw	PROPN
elsr-56850	225	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	225	5	2011	2011	NUM
elsr-56850	225	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	225	7	note	note	NOUN
elsr-56850	225	8	that	that	SCONJ
elsr-56850	225	9	directed	direct	VERB
elsr-56850	225	10	technology	technology	NOUN
elsr-56850	225	11	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	225	12	helps	help	VERB
elsr-56850	225	13	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	225	14	“	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	225	15	transform	transform	VERB
elsr-56850	225	16	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	225	17	engagement	engagement	NOUN
elsr-56850	225	18	into	into	ADP
elsr-56850	225	19	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
elsr-56850	225	20	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	225	21	competence	competence	NOUN
elsr-56850	225	22	”	"	PUNCT
elsr-56850	225	23	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	225	24	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	225	25	39	39	NUM
elsr-56850	225	26	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	225	27	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	226	1	8.3	8.3	NUM
elsr-56850	226	2	promoting	promote	VERB
elsr-56850	226	3	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	226	4	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	226	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	226	6	should	should	AUX
elsr-56850	226	7	encourage	encourage	VERB
elsr-56850	226	8	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	226	9	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	226	10	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
elsr-56850	226	11	casual	casual	ADJ
elsr-56850	226	12	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	226	13	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	226	14	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	226	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	227	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	227	2	might	might	AUX
elsr-56850	227	3	give	give	VERB
elsr-56850	227	4	brief	brief	ADJ
elsr-56850	227	5	reflective	reflective	ADJ
elsr-56850	227	6	essays	essay	NOUN
elsr-56850	227	7	or	or	CCONJ
elsr-56850	227	8	reports	report	NOUN
elsr-56850	227	9	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	227	10	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	227	11	whatsapp	whatsapp	ADJ
elsr-56850	227	12	interactions	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	227	13	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	227	14	assist	assist	VERB
elsr-56850	227	15	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	227	16	apply	apply	VERB
elsr-56850	227	17	casual	casual	ADJ
elsr-56850	227	18	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	227	19	skill	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	227	20	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	227	21	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	227	22	problems	problem	NOUN
elsr-56850	227	23	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	228	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	228	2	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	228	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	228	4	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	228	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	228	6	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	228	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	228	8	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	228	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	229	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	229	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	229	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	229	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	229	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	229	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	229	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	229	8	26	26	NUM
elsr-56850	229	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	229	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	229	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	229	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	229	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	229	14	8.4	8.4	NUM
elsr-56850	229	15	cyber	cyber	NOUN
elsr-56850	229	16	literacy	literacy	NOUN
elsr-56850	229	17	training	training	NOUN
elsr-56850	229	18	institutions	institution	NOUN
elsr-56850	229	19	should	should	AUX
elsr-56850	229	20	offer	offer	VERB
elsr-56850	229	21	digital	digital	ADJ
elsr-56850	229	22	literacy	literacy	NOUN
elsr-56850	229	23	training	training	NOUN
elsr-56850	229	24	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	229	25	proper	proper	ADJ
elsr-56850	229	26	online	online	ADJ
elsr-56850	229	27	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	229	28	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	229	29	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	229	30	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	229	31	norms	norm	NOUN
elsr-56850	229	32	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	229	33	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	229	34	responsible	responsible	ADJ
elsr-56850	229	35	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	229	36	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	230	1	this	this	PRON
elsr-56850	230	2	would	would	AUX
elsr-56850	230	3	improve	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	230	4	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	230	5	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	230	6	transition	transition	NOUN
elsr-56850	230	7	between	between	ADP
elsr-56850	230	8	academic	academic	ADJ
elsr-56850	230	9	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	230	10	casual	casual	ADJ
elsr-56850	230	11	messaging	messaging	NOUN
elsr-56850	230	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	231	1	8.5	8.5	NUM
elsr-56850	231	2	encourage	encourage	VERB
elsr-56850	231	3	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	231	4	review	review	NOUN
elsr-56850	231	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	231	6	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
elsr-56850	231	7	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	231	8	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	231	9	group	group	NOUN
elsr-56850	231	10	capabilities	capability	NOUN
elsr-56850	231	11	can	can	AUX
elsr-56850	231	12	help	help	VERB
elsr-56850	231	13	educators	educator	NOUN
elsr-56850	231	14	collaborate	collaborate	VERB
elsr-56850	231	15	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	231	16	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	231	17	review	review	NOUN
elsr-56850	231	18	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	231	19	editing	editing	NOUN
elsr-56850	231	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	232	1	this	this	DET
elsr-56850	232	2	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	232	3	supports	support	VERB
elsr-56850	232	4	vygotsky	vygotsky	NOUN
elsr-56850	232	5	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	232	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	232	7	1978	1978	NUM
elsr-56850	232	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	232	9	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	232	10	constructivist	constructivist	NOUN
elsr-56850	232	11	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	232	12	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	232	13	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-56850	232	14	through	through	ADP
elsr-56850	232	15	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
elsr-56850	232	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	233	1	structured	structured	ADJ
elsr-56850	233	2	peer	peer	NOUN
elsr-56850	233	3	review	review	NOUN
elsr-56850	233	4	may	may	AUX
elsr-56850	233	5	greatly	greatly	ADV
elsr-56850	233	6	increase	increase	VERB
elsr-56850	233	7	pupils	pupil	NOUN
elsr-56850	233	8	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	233	9	grammar	grammar	NOUN
elsr-56850	233	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	233	11	style	style	NOUN
elsr-56850	233	12	awareness	awareness	NOUN
elsr-56850	233	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	234	1	8.6	8.6	NUM
elsr-56850	234	2	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-56850	234	3	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	4	policy	policy	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	6	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	234	7	areas	area	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	8	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	234	9	limited	limited	ADJ
elsr-56850	234	10	access	access	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	11	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	234	12	traditional	traditional	ADJ
elsr-56850	234	13	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	14	resources	resource	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	234	16	universities	university	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	17	should	should	AUX
elsr-56850	234	18	include	include	VERB
elsr-56850	234	19	mobile	mobile	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	20	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	234	21	assisted	assist	VERB
elsr-56850	234	22	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	23	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	24	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	234	25	mall	mall	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	26	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	234	27	frameworks	framework	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	28	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	234	29	promote	promote	VERB
elsr-56850	234	30	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	31	as	as	ADP
elsr-56850	234	32	cost	cost	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	33	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	234	34	effective	effective	ADJ
elsr-56850	234	35	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	36	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	37	tools	tool	NOUN
elsr-56850	234	38	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	235	1	references	reference	NOUN
elsr-56850	235	2	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
elsr-56850	235	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	235	4	s.	s.	PROPN
elsr-56850	235	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	235	6	2019	2019	NUM
elsr-56850	235	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	235	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	236	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	236	2	effect	effect	NOUN
elsr-56850	236	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	236	4	using	use	VERB
elsr-56850	236	5	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	236	6	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	236	7	developing	develop	VERB
elsr-56850	236	8	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	236	9	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	236	10	among	among	ADP
elsr-56850	236	11	efl	efl	PROPN
elsr-56850	236	12	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	236	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	237	1	arab	arab	ADJ
elsr-56850	237	2	world	world	PROPN
elsr-56850	237	3	english	english	PROPN
elsr-56850	237	4	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-56850	237	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	237	6	10(4	10(4	NUM
elsr-56850	237	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	237	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	237	9	85	85	NUM
elsr-56850	237	10	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	237	11	95	95	NUM
elsr-56850	237	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	238	1	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
elsr-56850	238	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	238	3	s.	s.	PROPN
elsr-56850	238	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	238	5	2019	2019	NUM
elsr-56850	238	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	238	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	239	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	239	2	role	role	NOUN
elsr-56850	239	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	239	4	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	239	5	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	239	6	improving	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	239	7	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	239	8	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	239	9	among	among	ADP
elsr-56850	239	10	university	university	NOUN
elsr-56850	239	11	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	239	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	240	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-56850	240	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	240	3	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	240	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	240	5	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	240	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	240	7	10(12	10(12	NUM
elsr-56850	240	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	240	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	240	10	45	45	NUM
elsr-56850	240	11	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	240	12	56	56	NUM
elsr-56850	240	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	241	1	alhassan	alhassan	VERB
elsr-56850	241	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	241	3	a.	a.	NOUN
elsr-56850	241	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	241	5	2020	2020	NUM
elsr-56850	241	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	241	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	242	1	exploring	explore	VERB
elsr-56850	242	2	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	242	3	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	242	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	242	5	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	242	6	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	242	7	efl	efl	PROPN
elsr-56850	242	8	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	242	9	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	242	10	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	242	11	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	242	12	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	242	13	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	242	14	case	case	NOUN
elsr-56850	242	15	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	242	16	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	242	17	saudi	saudi	ADJ
elsr-56850	242	18	university	university	NOUN
elsr-56850	242	19	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	242	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	243	1	arab	arab	ADJ
elsr-56850	243	2	world	world	PROPN
elsr-56850	243	3	english	english	PROPN
elsr-56850	243	4	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-56850	243	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	243	6	11(1	11(1	NUM
elsr-56850	243	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	243	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	243	9	178	178	NUM
elsr-56850	243	10	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	243	11	195	195	NUM
elsr-56850	243	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	244	1	al	al	PROPN
elsr-56850	244	2	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	244	3	said	say	VERB
elsr-56850	244	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	244	5	k.	k.	PROPN
elsr-56850	244	6	m.	m.	PROPN
elsr-56850	244	7	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	244	8	2015	2015	NUM
elsr-56850	244	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	244	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	245	1	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	245	2	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	245	3	perceptions	perception	NOUN
elsr-56850	245	4	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	245	5	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	245	6	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	245	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	245	8	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	245	9	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	245	10	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-56850	245	11	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	245	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-56850	245	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	245	14	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	245	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	246	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-56850	246	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	246	3	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	246	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	246	5	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	246	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	246	7	6(37	6(37	NUM
elsr-56850	246	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	246	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	246	10	133	133	NUM
elsr-56850	246	11	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	246	12	139	139	NUM
elsr-56850	246	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	247	1	andújar	andújar	NOUN
elsr-56850	247	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	247	3	a.	a.	NOUN
elsr-56850	247	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	247	5	2016	2016	NUM
elsr-56850	247	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	247	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	248	1	benefits	benefit	NOUN
elsr-56850	248	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	248	3	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	248	4	instant	instant	NOUN
elsr-56850	248	5	messaging	messaging	NOUN
elsr-56850	248	6	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	248	7	develop	develop	VERB
elsr-56850	248	8	esl	esl	PROPN
elsr-56850	248	9	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	248	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	249	1	system	system	NOUN
elsr-56850	249	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	249	3	62	62	NUM
elsr-56850	249	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	249	5	63	63	NUM
elsr-56850	249	6	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	249	7	76	76	NUM
elsr-56850	249	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	250	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2016.07.004	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2016.07.004	PROPN
elsr-56850	250	2	bouhami	bouhami	NOUN
elsr-56850	250	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	250	4	s.	s.	PROPN
elsr-56850	250	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	250	6	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	250	7	guaissi	guaissi	PROPN
elsr-56850	250	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	250	9	a.	a.	NOUN
elsr-56850	250	10	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	250	11	2021	2021	NUM
elsr-56850	250	12	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	250	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	251	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	251	2	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	251	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	251	4	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	251	5	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	251	6	based	base	VERB
elsr-56850	251	7	activities	activity	NOUN
elsr-56850	251	8	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	251	9	efl	efl	PROPN
elsr-56850	251	10	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	251	11	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	251	12	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	251	13	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	251	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	252	1	international	international	ADJ
elsr-56850	252	2	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-56850	252	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	252	4	english	english	PROPN
elsr-56850	252	5	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	252	6	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	252	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	252	8	3(4	3(4	NUM
elsr-56850	252	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	252	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	252	11	112	112	NUM
elsr-56850	252	12	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	252	13	125	125	NUM
elsr-56850	252	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	253	1	bouhnik	bouhnik	PROPN
elsr-56850	253	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	253	3	d.	d.	PROPN
elsr-56850	253	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	253	5	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	253	6	deshen	deshen	PROPN
elsr-56850	253	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	253	8	m.	m.	NOUN
elsr-56850	253	9	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	253	10	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-56850	253	11	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	253	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	254	1	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	254	2	goes	go	VERB
elsr-56850	254	3	to	to	ADP
elsr-56850	254	4	school	school	NOUN
elsr-56850	254	5	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	254	6	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	254	7	instant	instant	NOUN
elsr-56850	254	8	messaging	messaging	NOUN
elsr-56850	254	9	between	between	ADP
elsr-56850	254	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
elsr-56850	254	11	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	254	12	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	254	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	255	1	journal	journal	NOUN
elsr-56850	255	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	255	3	information	information	NOUN
elsr-56850	255	4	technology	technology	NOUN
elsr-56850	255	5	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	255	6	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	255	7	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	255	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	255	9	13	13	NUM
elsr-56850	255	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	255	11	217	217	NUM
elsr-56850	255	12	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	255	13	231	231	NUM
elsr-56850	255	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	256	1	https://doi.org/10.28945/2051	https://doi.org/10.28945/2051	ADJ
elsr-56850	256	2	braun	braun	NOUN
elsr-56850	256	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	256	4	v.	v.	PROPN
elsr-56850	256	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	256	6	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	256	7	clarke	clarke	PROPN
elsr-56850	256	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	256	9	v.	v.	PROPN
elsr-56850	256	10	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	256	11	2006	2006	NUM
elsr-56850	256	12	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	256	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	257	1	using	use	VERB
elsr-56850	257	2	thematic	thematic	ADJ
elsr-56850	257	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-56850	257	4	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	257	5	psychology	psychology	NOUN
elsr-56850	257	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	258	1	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	258	2	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	258	3	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	258	4	psychology	psychology	NOUN
elsr-56850	258	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	258	6	3(2	3(2	NUM
elsr-56850	258	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	258	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	258	9	77	77	NUM
elsr-56850	258	10	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	258	11	101	101	NUM
elsr-56850	258	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	259	1	https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa	https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa	PROPN
elsr-56850	259	2	cetinkaya	cetinkaya	PROPN
elsr-56850	259	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	259	4	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-56850	259	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	259	6	2017	2017	NUM
elsr-56850	259	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	259	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	260	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	260	2	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	260	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	260	4	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	260	5	use	use	NOUN
elsr-56850	260	6	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	260	7	success	success	NOUN
elsr-56850	260	8	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	260	9	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	260	10	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	260	11	self	self	NOUN
elsr-56850	260	12	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	260	13	regulated	regulate	VERB
elsr-56850	260	14	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	260	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	261	1	educational	educational	ADJ
elsr-56850	261	2	technology	technology	NOUN
elsr-56850	261	3	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	261	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	261	5	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	261	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	261	7	7(1	7(1	NUM
elsr-56850	261	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	261	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	261	10	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	261	11	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	261	12	23	23	NUM
elsr-56850	261	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	262	1	https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i7.3279	https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i7.3279	VERB
elsr-56850	262	2	church	church	NOUN
elsr-56850	262	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	262	4	k.	k.	PROPN
elsr-56850	262	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	262	6	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	262	7	de	de	PROPN
elsr-56850	262	8	oliveira	oliveira	PROPN
elsr-56850	262	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	262	10	r.	r.	PROPN
elsr-56850	262	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	262	12	2013	2013	NUM
elsr-56850	262	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	262	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	263	1	what	what	PRON
elsr-56850	263	2	’s	’	VERB
elsr-56850	263	3	up	up	ADP
elsr-56850	263	4	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	263	5	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	263	6	?	?	PUNCT
elsr-56850	263	7	comparing	compare	VERB
elsr-56850	263	8	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	263	9	instant	instant	ADJ
elsr-56850	263	10	messaging	messaging	NOUN
elsr-56850	263	11	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
elsr-56850	263	12	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	263	13	traditional	traditional	ADJ
elsr-56850	263	14	sms	sm	NOUN
elsr-56850	263	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	264	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	264	2	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	264	4	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	264	5	15th	15th	ADJ
elsr-56850	264	6	international	international	ADJ
elsr-56850	264	7	conference	conference	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	8	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	264	9	humanwww.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	humanwww.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	264	10	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	264	12	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	13	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	264	14	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	15	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	16	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	264	18	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	264	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	264	20	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	264	21	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	22	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	264	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	264	24	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	264	25	27	27	NUM
elsr-56850	264	26	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	264	27	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	264	28	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	264	29	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	264	30	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	264	31	computer	computer	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	32	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	33	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	264	34	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	264	35	devices	device	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	36	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	264	37	services	service	NOUN
elsr-56850	264	38	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	264	39	pp	pp	ADJ
elsr-56850	264	40	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	265	1	352	352	NUM
elsr-56850	265	2	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	265	3	361	361	NUM
elsr-56850	265	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	265	5	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	266	1	https://doi.org/10.1145/2493190.2493225	https://doi.org/10.1145/2493190.2493225	PROPN
elsr-56850	266	2	cohen	cohen	PROPN
elsr-56850	266	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	266	4	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-56850	266	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	266	6	manion	manion	NOUN
elsr-56850	266	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	266	8	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-56850	266	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	266	10	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	266	11	morrison	morrison	PROPN
elsr-56850	266	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	266	13	k.	k.	PROPN
elsr-56850	266	14	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	266	15	2018	2018	NUM
elsr-56850	266	16	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	266	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	267	1	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	267	2	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	267	3	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	267	4	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	267	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	267	6	8th	8th	ADJ
elsr-56850	267	7	ed	ed	NOUN
elsr-56850	267	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	267	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	267	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	268	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
elsr-56850	268	2	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	269	1	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315456539	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315456539	PROPN
elsr-56850	269	2	creswell	creswell	PROPN
elsr-56850	269	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	269	4	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-56850	269	5	w.	w.	PROPN
elsr-56850	269	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	269	7	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-56850	269	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	269	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	270	1	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	270	2	design	design	PROPN
elsr-56850	270	3	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	270	4	qualitative	qualitative	NOUN
elsr-56850	270	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	270	6	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
elsr-56850	270	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	270	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	270	9	mixed	mixed	ADJ
elsr-56850	270	10	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	270	11	approach	approach	NOUN
elsr-56850	270	12	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	270	13	4th	4th	ADJ
elsr-56850	270	14	ed	ed	NOUN
elsr-56850	270	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	270	16	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	270	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	271	1	sage	sage	NOUN
elsr-56850	271	2	publications	publication	NOUN
elsr-56850	271	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	272	1	creswell	creswell	PROPN
elsr-56850	272	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	272	3	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-56850	272	4	w.	w.	PROPN
elsr-56850	272	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	272	6	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	272	7	plano	plano	PROPN
elsr-56850	272	8	clark	clark	PROPN
elsr-56850	272	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	272	10	v.	v.	ADP
elsr-56850	272	11	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-56850	272	12	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	272	13	2018	2018	NUM
elsr-56850	272	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	272	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	273	1	designing	design	VERB
elsr-56850	273	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	273	3	conducting	conduct	VERB
elsr-56850	273	4	mixed	mixed	ADJ
elsr-56850	273	5	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	273	6	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	273	7	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	273	8	3rd	3rd	ADJ
elsr-56850	273	9	ed	ed	NOUN
elsr-56850	273	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	273	11	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	273	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	274	1	sage	sage	NOUN
elsr-56850	274	2	publications	publication	NOUN
elsr-56850	274	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	275	1	crystal	crystal	PROPN
elsr-56850	275	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	275	3	d.	d.	PROPN
elsr-56850	275	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	275	5	2008	2008	NUM
elsr-56850	275	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	275	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	276	1	texting	texte	VERB
elsr-56850	276	2	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	276	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	276	4	great	great	ADJ
elsr-56850	276	5	debate	debate	NOUN
elsr-56850	276	6	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	276	7	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	276	8	11	11	NUM
elsr-56850	276	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	276	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	277	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
elsr-56850	277	2	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	277	3	press	press	NOUN
elsr-56850	277	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	278	1	crystal	crystal	PROPN
elsr-56850	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	278	3	d.	d.	PROPN
elsr-56850	278	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	278	5	2006	2006	NUM
elsr-56850	278	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	278	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	279	1	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	279	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	279	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	279	4	internet	internet	NOUN
elsr-56850	279	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	279	6	2nd	2nd	ADJ
elsr-56850	279	7	ed	ed	NOUN
elsr-56850	279	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	279	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	279	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	280	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
elsr-56850	280	2	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	280	3	press	press	NOUN
elsr-56850	280	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	281	1	deci	deci	PROPN
elsr-56850	281	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	281	3	e.	e.	PROPN
elsr-56850	281	4	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-56850	281	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	281	6	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	281	7	ryan	ryan	PROPN
elsr-56850	281	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	281	9	r.	r.	PROPN
elsr-56850	281	10	m.	m.	PROPN
elsr-56850	281	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	281	12	2000	2000	NUM
elsr-56850	281	13	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	281	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	282	1	self	self	NOUN
elsr-56850	282	2	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	282	3	determination	determination	NOUN
elsr-56850	282	4	theory	theory	NOUN
elsr-56850	282	5	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	282	6	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	282	7	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
elsr-56850	282	8	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	282	9	intrinsic	intrinsic	ADJ
elsr-56850	282	10	motivation	motivation	NOUN
elsr-56850	282	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	282	12	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	282	13	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	282	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	282	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	282	16	well	well	ADV
elsr-56850	282	17	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	282	18	being	being	NOUN
elsr-56850	282	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	283	1	american	american	ADJ
elsr-56850	283	2	psychologist	psychologist	PROPN
elsr-56850	283	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	283	4	55(1	55(1	NOUN
elsr-56850	283	5	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	283	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	283	7	68	68	NUM
elsr-56850	283	8	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	283	9	78	78	NUM
elsr-56850	283	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	284	1	https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.68	https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.68	NOUN
elsr-56850	284	2	dörnyei	dörnyei	NOUN
elsr-56850	284	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	284	4	z.	z.	PROPN
elsr-56850	284	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	284	6	2007	2007	NUM
elsr-56850	284	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	284	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	285	1	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	285	2	methods	method	NOUN
elsr-56850	285	3	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	285	4	applied	applied	ADJ
elsr-56850	285	5	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
elsr-56850	285	6	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	286	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
elsr-56850	286	2	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	286	3	press	press	NOUN
elsr-56850	286	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	287	1	hyland	hyland	PROPN
elsr-56850	287	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	287	3	k.	k.	PROPN
elsr-56850	287	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	287	5	2016	2016	NUM
elsr-56850	287	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	287	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	288	1	teaching	teaching	NOUN
elsr-56850	288	2	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	288	3	researching	research	VERB
elsr-56850	288	4	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	288	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	288	6	3rd	3rd	ADJ
elsr-56850	288	7	ed	ed	NOUN
elsr-56850	288	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	288	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	288	10	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	289	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
elsr-56850	289	2	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	290	1	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315717203	https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315717203	PROPN
elsr-56850	290	2	hyland	hyland	PROPN
elsr-56850	290	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	290	4	k.	k.	PROPN
elsr-56850	290	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	290	6	2019	2019	NUM
elsr-56850	290	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	290	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	291	1	second	second	ADJ
elsr-56850	291	2	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	291	3	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	291	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	292	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
elsr-56850	292	2	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	292	3	press	press	NOUN
elsr-56850	292	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	293	1	https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108635547	https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108635547	VERB
elsr-56850	293	2	kukulska	kukulska	ADJ
elsr-56850	293	3	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	293	4	hulme	hulme	PROPN
elsr-56850	293	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	293	6	a.	a.	PROPN
elsr-56850	293	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	293	8	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	293	9	shield	shield	PROPN
elsr-56850	293	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	293	11	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-56850	293	12	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	293	13	2008	2008	NUM
elsr-56850	293	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	293	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	294	1	an	an	DET
elsr-56850	294	2	overview	overview	NOUN
elsr-56850	294	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	294	4	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	294	5	assisted	assist	VERB
elsr-56850	294	6	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	294	7	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	294	8	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	294	9	from	from	ADP
elsr-56850	294	10	content	content	NOUN
elsr-56850	294	11	delivery	delivery	NOUN
elsr-56850	294	12	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	294	13	supported	support	VERB
elsr-56850	294	14	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
elsr-56850	294	15	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	294	16	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	294	17	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	295	1	recall	recall	NOUN
elsr-56850	295	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	295	3	20(3	20(3	NOUN
elsr-56850	295	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	295	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	295	6	271	271	NUM
elsr-56850	295	7	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	295	8	289	289	NUM
elsr-56850	295	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	296	1	https://doi.org/10.1017/s0958344008000335	https://doi.org/10.1017/s0958344008000335	NUM
elsr-56850	296	2	kvale	kvale	PROPN
elsr-56850	296	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	296	4	s.	s.	PROPN
elsr-56850	296	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	296	6	2007	2007	NUM
elsr-56850	296	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	296	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	297	1	doing	do	VERB
elsr-56850	297	2	interviews	interview	NOUN
elsr-56850	297	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	298	1	sage	sage	NOUN
elsr-56850	298	2	publications	publication	NOUN
elsr-56850	298	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	299	1	https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849208963	https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849208963	PROPN
elsr-56850	300	1	lai	lai	PROPN
elsr-56850	300	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	300	3	c.	c.	PROPN
elsr-56850	300	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	300	5	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	300	6	gu	gu	PROPN
elsr-56850	300	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	300	8	m.	m.	NOUN
elsr-56850	300	9	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	300	10	2011	2011	NUM
elsr-56850	300	11	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	300	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	301	1	self	self	NOUN
elsr-56850	301	2	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	301	3	regulated	regulate	VERB
elsr-56850	301	4	out	out	ADP
elsr-56850	301	5	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	301	6	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	301	7	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	301	8	class	class	NOUN
elsr-56850	301	9	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	301	10	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	301	11	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	301	12	technology	technology	NOUN
elsr-56850	301	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	302	1	computer	computer	NOUN
elsr-56850	302	2	assisted	assist	VERB
elsr-56850	302	3	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	302	4	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	302	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	302	6	24(4	24(4	NOUN
elsr-56850	302	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	302	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	302	9	317	317	NUM
elsr-56850	302	10	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	302	11	335	335	NUM
elsr-56850	302	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	302	13	https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2011.568417	https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2011.568417	PART
elsr-56850	303	1	ling	ling	PROPN
elsr-56850	303	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	303	3	r.	r.	PROPN
elsr-56850	303	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	303	5	2010	2010	NUM
elsr-56850	303	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	303	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	304	1	new	new	ADJ
elsr-56850	304	2	tech	tech	NOUN
elsr-56850	304	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	304	4	new	new	ADJ
elsr-56850	304	5	ties	tie	NOUN
elsr-56850	304	6	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	304	7	how	how	SCONJ
elsr-56850	304	8	mobile	mobile	ADJ
elsr-56850	304	9	communication	communication	NOUN
elsr-56850	304	10	is	be	AUX
elsr-56850	304	11	reshaping	reshape	VERB
elsr-56850	304	12	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	304	13	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
elsr-56850	304	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	305	1	mit	mit	PROPN
elsr-56850	305	2	press	press	NOUN
elsr-56850	305	3	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	306	1	long	long	ADV
elsr-56850	306	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	306	3	m.	m.	NOUN
elsr-56850	306	4	h.	h.	PROPN
elsr-56850	306	5	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	306	6	1996	1996	NUM
elsr-56850	306	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	306	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	307	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	307	2	role	role	NOUN
elsr-56850	307	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	307	4	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	307	5	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
elsr-56850	307	6	environment	environment	NOUN
elsr-56850	307	7	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	307	8	second	second	ADJ
elsr-56850	307	9	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	307	10	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
elsr-56850	307	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	307	12	interaction	interaction	NOUN
elsr-56850	307	13	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
elsr-56850	307	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	307	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	308	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012589042-7/50015-3	https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012589042-7/50015-3	PROPN
elsr-56850	308	2	odewale	odewale	PROPN
elsr-56850	308	3	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	308	4	o.	o.	PROPN
elsr-56850	308	5	a.	a.	PROPN
elsr-56850	308	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	308	7	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	308	8	olajide	olajide	PROPN
elsr-56850	308	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	308	10	s.	s.	PROPN
elsr-56850	308	11	b.	b.	PROPN
elsr-56850	308	12	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	308	13	2016	2016	NUM
elsr-56850	308	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	308	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	309	1	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	309	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	309	3	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	309	4	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	309	5	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	309	6	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	309	7	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	309	8	writing	write	VERB
elsr-56850	309	9	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	309	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	309	11	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	309	12	institutions	institution	NOUN
elsr-56850	309	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	309	14	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
elsr-56850	309	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	310	1	british	british	PROPN
elsr-56850	310	2	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-56850	310	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	310	4	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	310	5	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	310	6	4(2	4(2	NUM
elsr-56850	310	7	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	310	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	310	9	72	72	NUM
elsr-56850	310	10	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	310	11	83	83	NUM
elsr-56850	310	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	311	1	perkins	perkins	PROPN
elsr-56850	311	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	311	3	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-56850	311	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	311	5	2015	2015	NUM
elsr-56850	311	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	311	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	312	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	312	2	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	312	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	312	4	social	social	ADJ
elsr-56850	312	5	media	medium	NOUN
elsr-56850	312	6	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	312	7	formal	formal	ADJ
elsr-56850	312	8	writing	writing	NOUN
elsr-56850	312	9	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	312	10	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	312	11	case	case	NOUN
elsr-56850	312	12	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	312	13	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	312	14	university	university	NOUN
elsr-56850	312	15	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	312	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	313	1	journal	journal	NOUN
elsr-56850	313	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	313	3	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	313	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	313	5	literacy	literacy	NOUN
elsr-56850	313	6	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	313	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	313	8	11(2	11(2	NOUN
elsr-56850	313	9	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	313	10	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	313	11	19	19	NUM
elsr-56850	313	12	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	313	13	29	29	NUM
elsr-56850	313	14	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	1	plana	plana	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	3	m.	m.	NOUN
elsr-56850	314	4	g.-c	g.-c	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	5	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	7	escofet	escofet	NOUN
elsr-56850	314	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	9	m.	m.	NOUN
elsr-56850	314	10	i.	i.	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	11	g.	g.	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	12	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	13	figueras	figueras	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	15	i.	i.	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	16	t.	t.	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	17	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	18	gimeno	gimeno	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	19	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	20	a.	a.	NOUN
elsr-56850	314	21	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	22	appel	appel	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	23	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	24	c.	c.	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	25	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	26	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	314	27	hopkins	hopkins	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	28	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	29	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-56850	314	30	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	31	2013	2013	NUM
elsr-56850	314	32	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	314	33	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	315	1	improving	improve	VERB
elsr-56850	315	2	learners	learner	NOUN
elsr-56850	315	3	’	'	PUNCT
elsr-56850	315	4	reading	reading	NOUN
elsr-56850	315	5	skills	skill	NOUN
elsr-56850	315	6	through	through	ADP
elsr-56850	315	7	instant	instant	ADJ
elsr-56850	315	8	short	short	ADJ
elsr-56850	315	9	messages	message	NOUN
elsr-56850	315	10	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	315	11	a	a	DET
elsr-56850	315	12	sample	sample	NOUN
elsr-56850	315	13	study	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	315	14	using	use	VERB
elsr-56850	315	15	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
elsr-56850	315	16	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	316	1	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	316	2	new	new	ADJ
elsr-56850	316	3	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
elsr-56850	316	4	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	316	5	call	call	NOUN
elsr-56850	316	6	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	316	7	second	second	ADJ
elsr-56850	316	8	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	316	9	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
elsr-56850	316	10	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	316	11	pp	pp	ADJ
elsr-56850	316	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	317	1	47	47	NUM
elsr-56850	317	2	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	317	3	60	60	NUM
elsr-56850	317	4	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	317	5	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	318	1	thurlow	thurlow	PROPN
elsr-56850	318	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	318	3	c.	c.	PROPN
elsr-56850	318	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	318	5	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	318	6	brown	brown	PROPN
elsr-56850	318	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	318	8	a.	a.	NOUN
elsr-56850	318	9	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	318	10	2003	2003	NUM
elsr-56850	318	11	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	318	12	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	319	1	generation	generation	NOUN
elsr-56850	319	2	txt	txt	PROPN
elsr-56850	319	3	?	?	PUNCT
elsr-56850	320	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	320	2	sociolinguistics	sociolinguistic	NOUN
elsr-56850	320	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	320	4	young	young	ADJ
elsr-56850	320	5	people	people	NOUN
elsr-56850	320	6	’s	’s	PART
elsr-56850	320	7	textmessaging	textmessaging	NOUN
elsr-56850	320	8	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	321	1	discourse	discourse	NOUN
elsr-56850	321	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
elsr-56850	321	3	online	online	ADJ
elsr-56850	321	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	321	5	1(1	1(1	NUM
elsr-56850	321	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	321	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	321	8	30	30	NUM
elsr-56850	321	9	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	321	10	55	55	NUM
elsr-56850	321	11	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	321	12	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/elsr	PROPN
elsr-56850	321	13	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	321	14	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	321	15	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	321	16	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	321	17	sociology	sociology	NOUN
elsr-56850	321	18	research	research	NOUN
elsr-56850	321	19	vol	vol	NOUN
elsr-56850	321	20	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	322	1	7	7	NUM
elsr-56850	322	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	322	3	no	no	INTJ
elsr-56850	322	4	.	.	NOUN
elsr-56850	322	5	1	1	NUM
elsr-56850	322	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	322	7	2026	2026	NUM
elsr-56850	322	8	28	28	NUM
elsr-56850	322	9	published	publish	VERB
elsr-56850	322	10	by	by	ADP
elsr-56850	322	11	scholink	scholink	PROPN
elsr-56850	322	12	inc	inc	PROPN
elsr-56850	322	13	.	.	PROPN
elsr-56850	322	14	vygotsky	vygotsky	PROPN
elsr-56850	322	15	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	322	16	l.	l.	PROPN
elsr-56850	322	17	s.	s.	PROPN
elsr-56850	322	18	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	322	19	1978	1978	NUM
elsr-56850	322	20	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	322	21	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	323	1	mind	mind	NOUN
elsr-56850	323	2	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	323	3	society	society	NOUN
elsr-56850	323	4	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	323	5	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	323	6	development	development	NOUN
elsr-56850	323	7	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	323	8	higher	high	ADJ
elsr-56850	323	9	psychological	psychological	ADJ
elsr-56850	323	10	processes	process	NOUN
elsr-56850	323	11	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	323	12	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	323	13	86	86	NUM
elsr-56850	323	14	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	323	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	324	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
elsr-56850	324	2	university	university	PROPN
elsr-56850	324	3	press	press	NOUN
elsr-56850	324	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	325	1	warschauer	warschauer	NOUN
elsr-56850	325	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	325	3	m.	m.	NOUN
elsr-56850	325	4	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	325	5	2011/2013	2011/2013	NUM
elsr-56850	325	6	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	325	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	326	1	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-56850	326	2	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	326	3	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	326	4	cloud	cloud	NOUN
elsr-56850	326	5	:	:	PUNCT
elsr-56850	326	6	how	how	SCONJ
elsr-56850	326	7	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	326	8	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	326	9	why	why	SCONJ
elsr-56850	326	10	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	326	11	to	to	PART
elsr-56850	326	12	transform	transform	VERB
elsr-56850	326	13	schools	school	NOUN
elsr-56850	326	14	with	with	ADP
elsr-56850	326	15	technology	technology	NOUN
elsr-56850	326	16	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	326	17	p.	p.	NOUN
elsr-56850	326	18	8)	8)	NUM
elsr-56850	326	19	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	327	1	teachers	teachers	PROPN
elsr-56850	327	2	college	college	PROPN
elsr-56850	327	3	press	press	PROPN
elsr-56850	327	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	328	1	warschauer	warschauer	NOUN
elsr-56850	328	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	328	3	m.	m.	NOUN
elsr-56850	328	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	328	5	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	328	6	liaw	liaw	PROPN
elsr-56850	328	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	328	8	m.-l	m.-l	PROPN
elsr-56850	328	9	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	329	1	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	329	2	2011	2011	NUM
elsr-56850	329	3	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	329	4	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	330	1	emerging	emerge	VERB
elsr-56850	330	2	technologies	technology	NOUN
elsr-56850	330	3	for	for	ADP
elsr-56850	330	4	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
elsr-56850	330	5	language	language	NOUN
elsr-56850	330	6	learning	learning	NOUN
elsr-56850	330	7	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	331	1	studies	study	NOUN
elsr-56850	331	2	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	331	3	self	self	NOUN
elsr-56850	331	4	-	-	PUNCT
elsr-56850	331	5	access	access	NOUN
elsr-56850	331	6	learning	learn	VERB
elsr-56850	331	7	journal	journal	NOUN
elsr-56850	331	8	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	331	9	2(3	2(3	NUM
elsr-56850	331	10	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	331	11	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	331	12	107	107	NUM
elsr-56850	331	13	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	331	14	118	118	NUM
elsr-56850	331	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	332	1	https://doi.org/10.37237/020302	https://doi.org/10.37237/020302	X
elsr-56850	333	1	yeboah	yeboah	NOUN
elsr-56850	333	2	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	333	3	j.	j.	PROPN
elsr-56850	333	4	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	333	5	&	&	CCONJ
elsr-56850	333	6	ewur	ewur	PROPN
elsr-56850	333	7	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	333	8	g.	g.	PROPN
elsr-56850	333	9	d.	d.	PROPN
elsr-56850	333	10	(	(	PUNCT
elsr-56850	333	11	2014	2014	NUM
elsr-56850	333	12	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	333	13	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	334	1	the	the	DET
elsr-56850	334	2	impact	impact	NOUN
elsr-56850	334	3	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	334	4	whatsapp	whatsapp	ADJ
elsr-56850	334	5	messenger	messenger	NOUN
elsr-56850	334	6	usage	usage	NOUN
elsr-56850	334	7	on	on	ADP
elsr-56850	334	8	students	student	NOUN
elsr-56850	334	9	performance	performance	NOUN
elsr-56850	334	10	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	334	11	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
elsr-56850	334	12	institutions	institution	NOUN
elsr-56850	334	13	in	in	ADP
elsr-56850	334	14	ghana	ghana	PROPN
elsr-56850	334	15	.	.	PUNCT
elsr-56850	335	1	journal	journal	PROPN
elsr-56850	335	2	of	of	ADP
elsr-56850	335	3	education	education	NOUN
elsr-56850	335	4	and	and	CCONJ
elsr-56850	335	5	practice	practice	NOUN
elsr-56850	335	6	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	335	7	5(6	5(6	NUM
elsr-56850	335	8	)	)	PUNCT
elsr-56850	335	9	,	,	PUNCT
elsr-56850	335	10	157	157	NUM
elsr-56850	335	11	-	-	SYM
elsr-56850	335	12	164	164	NUM
elsr-56850	335	13	.	.	PUNCT