' A R T I C L E S 21 ED U CATION AL LIBRARIES I N EUROPE FO CUSSING ON GERMANY AN D T HE EUROPEAN SCHOOL NETWORK by Dr. Diann Rusch-Feja Abstract This article is a revision of a presentation given by the author at the Education Division Session during the 87th SLA Conference, June 9, 1 997, in Seattle, Washington. lt presents an in-depth analysis of European educational libraries with a distinct emphasis on Germany. The historical development, the building of databases, educational networks and information systems, the production of CD-ROMS, plus the broad range of library and research facilities and their services are examined in detail. Relevant lists of major European research institutions and the list of their abbreviations are provided in the appendices. Introduction I. Educational Libraries in Germany Historical Development of Libraries Supporting Educational Institutions and Bibliography In the early sixties, educational reforms were finally being enacted in Germany after the first reconstruction period following the Second World War. Consequently, the documentation units of eight educational research institutions I began a cooperative effort in 1 964 to coordinate the bibliographic information on educational resources in Germany. (See Appendix A ) . These eight documentation units chose the name "Dokumentationsring Padagogik" (Documentation Ring for Pedagogics) which was best known under the acronym "DOPAED ." Coordination of the efforts was first assumed by the Padagogisches Zentrum (Pedagogical Center) in West Berlin, then by the German Youth Institute (Deutsches Jugendinstitut) in Munich in the 1 970's. ln the 1 980's it was taken over by the Library of the Deutsches Institut fiir Internationale Padagogische Forschung - DIPF (German Institute for International Educational Research). In 1 966, DOPAED produced the first volume of the Bibliographie Piidagogik ("Educational B ibliography") 2 with all newly registered titles of books and journal articles in the German language area including Austria and Switzerland in that year. The basis for indexing the books and articles of German language educational materials (excluding textbooks, lesson plans, curricula listings etc.) was the Thesaurus Piidagogik developed in the late sixties. 3 This Thesaurus combines verbal descriptors with a classification scheme especially created for the Bibliographie Piidagogik and based on the German educational system. Publication of the Bibliographie Piidagogik continued on an annual basis. In the early 1 970's, within the overall plan for bibliographic information centers from the German Federal Ministry of Research and Technology, an Information Center for Education ("Fachinformationszentrum B ildung") was one of 20 such information centers planned for the Federal Republic of Germany. 4 1 The original eight documentational units of educational research institutions were the Pedagogical Center in West Berlin, the Max Planck Institute for Human Development and Education in West Berlin, the UNESCO Institute for Pedagogics in Hamburg, the Standing Conference of the State Ministries of Culture in Bonn, the German Institute for International Educational Research in Frankfurt, the Cybernetic Linguistics Research Center in Heidelberg, the International Central Institute for Youth and Educational Television in Munich, and the German Institute for Research on Youth in Munich. z Bibliographie Padagogik = Educational Bibliography. Ed. : Dokumentationsring Padagogik (DOPAED). Munich, New York, London, Paris, Saur, 1 964 ff. (Reihe A, Reihe C (Projekte B ildungsforschung). · 3 Hans H. Strater: Thesaurus Padagogik. Unter Mitarbeit von Doris Freiedrich. Hrsg. v. Dokumentationsring Padagogik (DOPAED). Pullach bei Munchen: Verlag Dokumentation, 1 973. 4 Programm der Bundesregierung zur Forderung der Information und Dokumentation (luD-Programm) 1874-1977. Bonn: Bundesministerium fur Forschung und Technologie, 1 976, for the planned educational information system (FIS B ildung) see p. 6 1 ; BMFT-Leistungsplan Fachinformation. Planperiode 1982-1 984. Bonn: Bundesministerium fur Forschung und Technologie, 1 982 (in the accompanying table to this work, FIS 1 2 Bildung was noted as not yet realized and pending a Bund-Uinder evaluation of the need; Fachinformationsprogramm 1985-88 der Bundesregierung. Bonn: Bundesministerium f iir Forschung und Techno Iogie, I 985. EDUCATION LI B RARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 22 A R T I C L E S Of the 20 information centers, 1 6 were established, with the "Information Center for Education" being one of those which was not funded. During the 1 970's and 1 9 80 's -years which can be characterized in Germany as furthering subject-oriented databases and service- DOPAED attracted new members in the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany at that time). By 1 992, despite its voluntary nature, it was composed of the documentation units of 23 educational institutions. In this year, Bibliographie Piidagogik had a four-year publication delay. Title data for the production database had to be converted from at least eight different data formats and year, almost as many cataloging formats. This slowed production immensely. With the annou ncement of combined Federal and State (of Hesse) funding for a pilot project to establish a subject-information center for educational literature, the members of DOPAED made several decisions which would influence the next years . nature, it was composed of the documentation units of 23 educational institutions. The Federal/ State pilot project was to be based on the voluntarily assembled data collection of the unofficial DOPAED group which up to this time had had no financial support other than the work capacity of the institutions involved. The voluntary data collection, then housed at the Library of the German Institute for International Educational Research (DIPF), was assumed by the government proposal as the basis for the new Coordinating Office for Educational Literature ("Fachinformationssystem Bildung" or "FIS-Bildung") without official recognition of the rights of the voluntary institutions. In 1 99 1 an announcement was made regarding funding and organization of a FIS-Bildung (similar to the subject-oriented information centers "FIZ"), but little information filtered down to the contributing institutions. Aware of the negative aspects of the four-year publication delay of the a�nual Bibliographie Piidagogik, these institutions were also at a point, after over 20 years, to try to achieve better cooperation. Yet without financial means, the fundamental problems for data conversion and even publication using a different Republic of Germany (West Germany at that time). By 1 992, despite its voluntary (electronic) form, could not be solved. Further aspects deterred speeding up production of the Bibliographie Piidagogik. The institutional members, precisely because of the voluntary nature of the DOPAED group, could not put pressure on other members to achieve standards in bibliographic description, indexing or even application of the classification system on which the Bibliographie Piidagogik is based. Hence, the members themselves were dissatisfied with certain aspects, but were willing to take certain disadvantages into consideration due to the limited means by which standards would otherwise have to be enacted. When the announcement of the pilot project was made known to the DOPAED institutions, a meeting was called in November, 1 99 1 , with invited experts in the educational research field who were familiar with databases in educational literature. At first, because the DOPAED members felt threatened by the new organizational structure, a non-profit society was founded to represent the interests of these institutions and to advance better documentation of educational literature resources. This was the Society "Gesel lschaft Information B i ldung" (Society for Information in Education) which included not only most of the former DOPAED institutions, but also several educational CHART DOPAED Dokumentationsring Padagogic Documentation Ring for Educational Literature 1964-1992 DOPAED Database I FIS-Bildung Federal Pilot Project I 1 992- 1 996 I 1 997 integrated into DIPF EDUCATION LI BRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 Bibliographie Padagogik (Thesaurus Piidagogik) I DOPAED Members I Gesellschaft Information Bildung, e.V. (GIB) (Society for Information in Education, 1 99 1 ) A R T I C L E S 23 researchers and publishers of electronic media in the educational field as well as librarians and documentalists in educational libraries and documentation centers. (See chart) After a transitionary year ( 1992), DOPAED was dissolved. The members voted to commission the GIB with continued representation of their interests i n the FIS-Bildung database and for the sales profits of the print volumes of the Bibliographie Piidagogik. Originally, the DOPAED group was to form a documentational section within the GIB. However, this would have excluded new members whose interests were also in documentation and indexing of educational materials, but who had not been previous members of the DOPAED Ring. In 1 992, after FIS-Bildung started, contracts were made with the individual institutions, thus establishing continuity in the production of the Bibliographie Piidagogik and continued delivery of their title entries for the database. Those agreeing to support the FIS-Bildung as they had previously supported DOPAED, with submission of title entries, were integrated as "Herausgeber" - thus being recognized collectively as partial owners and publishers of the Bibliographie Piidagogik and the FIS-Bildung database for the production of the future CD-ROM. Gesellschaft Information Bildung Though the name of this organization was specifically chosen so as not to include limiting prepositions (for/on information, for/ on/about education), it is difficult to translate it into English without prepositions. Thus, the German Society for Information in Education (Gesellschaft Information Bildung- GIB) was founded by 8 former members of the DOPAED Ring, together with several active educational researchers, to improve the quality and dissemination of information on educational materials and research results, and to improve access to these. A special interest was in furthering access to electronic information, and especially in establishing quality electronic publications. The GIB supports the work of FIS-Bildung, as well as that of other educational research institutions and producers of databases and educational servers. The concept for the German Educational Resources Server originated in this group and active support has continued. The GIB holds annual conferences which often focus on the improvement of qual i ty and access to b i b l i ographic and ful l - text materials relevant to educational research and schoo l s . http://www.educat.hu-berlin.de/gib/ II. The Subject Information System for Education: Fachinformationsystem Bildung-FIS-Bildung Fachinformationssystem Bildung started as a pilot project for three years, 1 992- 1 995. In 1 995, funding was renewed for an additional year. The pilot project was financed in equal parts by the Federal Ministry of Research & Technology (BMBF) and the State Ministry of Education of the State of Hesse. Thus, FIS -Bildung was conceived of as a coordinating unit for continuing the bibliographic indexing of educational materials started by DOPAED (Bibliographie Piidagogik). The fact that this was a subject-information system as opposed to a subject information center, (= "Fachinformationszentrum"), indicates its placement within the decentralized state-level authority for educational matters. Its foremost goal and function as a federal/state funded pilot project was to gather bibliographic data on educational materials to produce a c omprehensive German l anguage bibliography of educational materials and research results on a CD-ROM which could be cumulated annually. Representatives of the state authorities for educational policy did not want to have FIS-Bildung host an online database such as had developed out of the 1 974 "Fachinformationsprogramm" in other subject areas such as the hard core sciences and technology. The FIS-Bildung pilot project was not to perform indexing tasks directly. The staff allowance was for a director, a documentalist and 1 .5 positions for database construction and data conversion. This meant that from the very beginning of FIS-Bildung, the data input was still dependent on the principle maintained by the former DOPAED Ring . Hence, contractual agreements were offered to the former DOPAED members to submit their bibliographic data for production of a CD-ROM with the remuneration of receiving the CD-ROM annually at no charge. Thus FIS-Bildung began with 1 2 contributors. 5 In 1 99 4 , a proj ect group ("Proj ektgruppe Fachinformation Bildung" 6) sponsored by the German Research Foundation which was converting the former GDR database on SMax Planck Institute for Human Development & Education (MPIB), Standing Conference of the Cultural Ministers (KMK), University Library of Erlangen - Nuremberg (DFG Special Collections Library for Education and Teaching), the German Institute for International Educational Research (DIPF), Educational Center of the German Adult Education Society (PAS), Information Center for Foreign Language Research (JFS), Bavarian State Institute for Research and Planning in Higher Education ( 1 993) (IHF), German Youth Institute (DJI), Catholic Religious Education Documentation Unit ( 1 993) (KRD), State Institute for School Pedagogy and Educational Research (ISP), Comenius Institute (CI) - Comenius Institute, State Institute ( ofNorthrhein-Westfalen) for Schools and Continuing Education (LSW), Hessian Institute for Educational Planning and School Development (HIES), Departmental Library of the Austrian Federal Ministry for Teaching and Art (BMfUK). 6 This Projektgruppe Fachinformation Bildung was closely connected to the Projektgruppe Hochschulforschung (PHSF) - Interim Project Group for Research of Higher Education which constituted those research areas and researchers of the former GDR Zentralinstitut fur Hochschulforschung (Central Institute for Higher Education Research) continued after the dissolution of this latter institute in December, 1 989. EDUCATION LIBRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 24 A R T I C L E S higher education materials, joined the group of contributors. This database was integrated into the FIS-Bildung database in 1 996. In 1 995, the former GDR database for primary and secondary school educational materials was converted by the FIS-Bildung staff and integrated into the data collection. In the process of this cooperation with contributors of education databases of the former GDR, the most relevant parts of historical bibliographical data could be implemented into the FIS-Bildung database. By the end of 1 997, 2 1 institutions from both the old and the new German states (former GDR) had joined the contributors' group to FIS-Bildung. In addition, FIS-Bildung was to continue production of the Bibliographie Piidagogik on an efficient, timely basis. Orginally seen as a by-product of compiling the CD-ROM database, production of the printed Bibliographie Piidagogik (as of the volume covering the publication year 1 986ff.), was to take place parallel to the CD-ROM production. Thus the original database, supplied by the voluntary contributing institutions, would then serve as a basis for starting FIS-Bildung and the production of an electronic, searchable version of the complete database of all German-language educational materials on CD-ROM from 1 964 to the present which had previously been indexed only on an annual basis in the Bibliographie Piidagogik. Production of the CD-ROM and Bibliographic Database for Education Research and Materials "CD-BILDuNG" - "CD-Education" A policy decision for the production of the CD-ROM "CD-BILDUNG" was made from the very beginning. As opposed to the Bibliographie Piidagogik, the CD-BILDUNG (CD-ROM database) would include not only German-language, or documents produced in German institutions, but all information sources on education and schools held in the contributing institutions as well as all foreign materials dealing with the German education system. This meant that titles of articles from approximately 60 foreign journals would also be included in the database as they were held in at least one of the contributing German institutions. In certain situations, German-language texts published abroad, as well as English-language articles, books, or book chapters published abroad, would also be included if the author was employed at a German institution at the time of authoring the article, book, or book chapter. This not only brought a wider scope into the database, but also a greater searchability. The initial task in preparing this database needed for the CD-ROM was the selection of database management systems and conversion of the DOPAED database which then held the complete German language bibliographic data up to publication year 1 986. Parallel to this, conversion formats of the 12 contributors' data were being developed in various formats. An adequate database structure was found to accommodate not only the bibliograhic entries themselves, but also notes regarding the source library or EDUCATION LIBRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 documentation unit submitting the selected title entry and others which also had this work in their collection. Later, an extensive thesaurus maintenance module was .integrated so as to distinguish local subject headings from those taken from the Thesaurus Piidagogik developed by DOPAED. In the case of multiple contributors submitting the same title entry, the following selection criteria were used as priorities: 1 ) the inclusion of an abstract; 2) the most accurate title entry would take preference; or 3) the title entry with the most detailed content indexing would be preferred. Because the German library cataloging rules only allow for the first three authors, title entries for works by multiple authors were preferred when they included all the authors' names. The first edition of the CD-BILDUNG came onto the market in 1 994 and covered bibliographic data for works from the publication years 1 980- 1 993. The fourth edition in 1 997 had 34 1 ,928 title entries of which 1 0 % were English ( 1 5 % were non­ German including English) and 26.3 % had abstracts. Holdings information give an abbreviation of the holding institution(s), and in the case of journals, the exact volume and year of holdings, with a note about the use restrictions of the individual institutions. At the end of 1 997, 2 1 institutions had contributed bibliographic data to FIS-Bildung for the production of CD-BILDUNG and there are annual additions of title entries ranging from 30,000 to 60,000. Schools received reduced rates. The annual subscription for CD-BILDUNG is DM 399, but it costs DM only 1 00.00 for school use. As of 1 998, CD-BILDUNG will include the Directory of the German Society of Educational Researchers ("Deutsche Gesellschaft fiir Erziehungswissenschaft"- DGfE) and be available to those members at a discount rate. Refinement of the German Educational Thesaurus and Classification System (Thesaurus Piidagogik) is an ongoing, dynamic process which has involved several workshops sponsored by FIS-Bildung and the GIB. The pilot project phase ended on December 3 1 , 1 996 and since January 1 , 1 997, FIS-Bildung has been fully integrated into the German Institute for International Educational Research (DIPF) as one of the Service Units. Since early 1 998, FIS-Bildung offers updates to the current edition of the CD-BILDUNG on a continuous basis at the DIPF Website: http://www.dipf.de/lars/ lars.html. III. Major Educational Research & Documentational Units in Germany in 1997 A. The German Institute for International Educational Research (DIPF) In Germany culture and education are state supported and administered. Exceptions are the "Blue List" of approximately 70 research institutions deemed "culturally valuable," hence worthy of both state and federal financial support, and with more than · A R T I C L E S 25 regional responsibilities. They are financed jointly by the federal government and the state Ministry of Education and Culture in the state in which the individual institution is located. Founded in 1 95 1 , the German Institute for International Educational Research is one of these "Blue List" institutions. In 1 997, DIPF had 55 researchers and a total of 1 20 staff members. The major areas of educational research include: General and comparative educational research Economics of education Educational psychology Educational law and administration Sociology of education History of education (in Berlin). As of 1 99 1 , the Federal-State-Commission (Bund-Liinder -Kommission) recommended that the institutions belonging to the former GDR Academy of the Pedagogical Sciences (Library, Archives, Central Documentation Unit for Educational Literature and Research Unit) be assured continued funding on the basis of integration into DIPF. Since that time, DIPF has maintained the Library for the History of Education Research (BBF) in Berlin and the research group of educational historians working there. The Service Units of DIPF include: The Frankfurt Research Library (DFF) former "German Teachers' Library" (Deutsche Lehrerbibliothek) The Library for Historical Educational Research (BBF) (Berlin) (Bibliothek fi.ir Bildungsgeschichtliche Forschung) The Information and Documentation Unit (Frankfurt) (Dokumentation) FIS-Bildung (as of 1 997). The Service Unit of DIPF: Its Libraries and IuD (Information and Documentation) 1. The Frankfurt Research Library (DFF) - Frankfurter Forschungsbibliothek The Frankfurt Research Library in DIPF includes the Frankfurt Teachers' Library which is a public library supported by the city of Frankfurt. This part of the collection by nature of its history can circulate, but the library does not participate in the German interlibrary system, so the collection can only be used by persons who come to the library. In addition, the Frankfu _ rt DIPF library serves as the research library for the researchers In the DIPF institute. From the early eighties to 1 992, it was the coordinating unit for the DOPAED Ring for production of the Bibliographie Piidagogik. In addition, the library produces a database for educational media (Medienpiidagogik) and maintains a comprehensive newspaper clipping archive for educational topics ("Zeitungsdokumentation Bildungswesen"). 2. The Library for Historical Education Research (BBF) Bibliothek fiir Bildungsgeschichtliche Forschung (Berlin) This library has a long history of being a key educational materials l ibrary for Germany. In the 1 9th century it was the German School Museum of the Berlin Teachers' Society. In 1 908 it became the German Teachers ' L i brary (Deutsche Lehrerbibliothek). From 1 933-1 945, i t was renamed the Library of the National Socialists' Teachers' Organization. After the Second World War and the division of B erlin, because this geographical part of Berlin belonged to the East (Soviet-regulated) Sector of Berlin, it became, from 1 95 1 on, the Pedagogical Central Library of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR). Extensive exchange agreements with other communist countries provided the basis for a very comprehensive collection of primarily East European educational materials and research results. From 1 970- 1 990, the library was integrated into the GDR Academy of the Pedagogical Sciences (Akademie der piidagogischen Wissenschaften - APW). In 1 990, the academy was dissolved and the librarian, Dr. Marion Bierwagen, found supporters for the library through a "Friends of the Library" initiative and through appeals to the Berlin Senate and other sources of funding for preservation of cultural heritage institutions. In 1 992, the library was integrated into the German Insti tute for International Educational Research Institute (DIPF) through a decision of the Federal-State Commission. After dissolution of the APW, some of the scientific staff from the former documentation unit of the former GDR Academy of Pedagogical Sciences were employed in the information and documentation unit in DIPF, Frankfurt, and some of the researchers of the former APW-primari1y educational historians-found a new home in the Berlin annex of DIPF in rooms connected to the library with the library collection as the focal point of their research. In addition to the library and researchers, the archives of the GDR Academy of Pedagogical Sciences were given a home in the library which obtained a new building in 1 994. This building-indicative of post-Berlin Wall renovation efforts-was a former factory and is today one of the most beautiful and inviting, yet extremely practical libraries of Germany. With integration into the German Institute for International Educational Research Institute, the former Pedagogical Central Library became renamed the Library for Historical Educational Research (Bibliothek fi.ir B ildungsgeschichtliche Forschung - BBF). At the end of 1 997, it housed ca. 679,000 volumes of which approximately 38,000 are works produced between 1496 - 1 900. Since the library collections experienced only minor damage during the war, the collection offers an educational historian a vast amount of unique literature and textbooks not EDUCATION LI BRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 2s A R T I C L E S otherwise held in German educational libraries. 7 The library subscribes to 494 current periodicals in the area of educational research and publishes bibl iographies and other relevant publications relating to the collection. Digitization and retrospective conversion projects are currently underway. The library organizes larger historical exhibitions and cultural events. Library staff work closely with the educational historians in preparing further bibliographies and research works. 3. The Information and Documentation (IuD) Unit of DIPF This unit is responsible for bibliographic support and information retrieval for the researchers in DIPF. The unit , composed of 4 scientific staff, also evaluates certain journals cover-to-cover, producing title entries and abstracts for the articles which are then integrated into the FIS-Bildung database. In addition, profile topics and other databases have been created, including European education and others. DIPF's Future as a Service Institution The above s i tuation depicts the German I nstitute for International Educational Research Institute up to the end of 1 997. After evaluation in 1 997 by the German Scientific Council ("Wissenschaftsrat"), DIPF has lost its "Blue List" standing for parts of its structure. The service units, especially the integration of FIS-Bildung, were positively evaluated and will continue to receive funding. The staff of FIS-Bildung has now received permanent funding within DIPF, although other areas of the service units will be slightly reduced. Support for the BBF will also maintain its level of service and collection development; certain transitionary staff may expand into permanent positions. However, the evaluation of the entire institute has enhanced the status of the service units, giving them a new, more national role to play in terms of establishing more services which function to describe the German educational system outside of its borders and to provide German-language information on the educational systems of other countries for German policy makers, comparative educationalists and researchers. This focus will be developed during the coming three to four years. http://www.dipf.de/ B. The Max Planck Institute for Human Development and Education Founded in 1 962, the Max Planck Institute for Human Development and Education B is one of approximately 75 Max Planck Institutes devoted to basic research. This institute was founded by Helmut Becker at a time of educational reform in the post-World War II �ra. Its researchers were involved in giving �ormal �eco�endatJ.ons for reform of the higher education system In and m variOus aspects of the school system and curriculum �eform in (�e�) West Germany and West Berlin. After restructuring mto a multi-director Max Planck Institute, the institute had four research centers. From 1 982- 1 996, the education research center was devoted to School Systems and Instruction, and the head of this research center was Prof. Dr. Peter Martin Roeder. After Prof. Roeder's retirement, Prof. Dr. Ji.irgen B aumert took over the directorship of this research center in May 1 997. The focus of research s�ifted to the Center for Educational Research, focussing on educatiOnal systems and educational research. The major differences lie in the changed approach to research in this field. These are: · Systems Theory Approach: the educational system is a functionally specific subsystem of society. · Institutions Orientation : the institution determines structure of opportunities for, and constraints on, individual learning and development. · Structural Paradox of Institutionalized Education : learning within educational institutions is confined to the structure of the institutions and is often very different from learning outside school -like institutions. · Dual Time Frame of lnstitutionalized Education : educational processes are directed to future life situations which require responsible, autonomous action. The research projects of this research center are: 1 . Learning, Process, Educational Careers and psychosocial development in adolescence (BIJU) 1 . 1 . Expansion of the Educational System and Cognitive Mobilization 1 .2. Development of Competence and Personality: Transformation of the Educational System in East Germany 1 .3 . Political Socialization and the Transformation of the East German System 7 A very good textbook collection, however, is available at the Library of the Georg Eckhardt Institute for School Book Research in Brunswick (Georg-Eckhardt-Institut fiir Schulbuchforshung in Braunschweig). 8 After 1 997, this Max Planck Institute has changed its name to Max Planck Institute for Human Development (subsuming the aspects of Education mto the broader Human Development). EDUCATION LI BRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 A R T I C L E S 21 1 .4. Mastering the Transition from School to First Vocational Training under the Conditions of a Restricted Training Market 1 .5 . Mathemati c s and Science Education in International Perspective (including the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS-Germany) 1 .6 . Civic Education Revisited: Political Education from an Intercutlural Point of View 1 .7. Structural Change of the GDR School System: Data Handbook on Educational History 2. Motivational and A ffective Regulat ion of Learning Behavior 2. 1 Task-Irrelevant Cognitions and Individual Learning Processes 2.2. Goal Orientation and Development of School Performance 2 .3 . The Development oflnterests and Performance in Adolescence. 3 . Tasks of Optimization in Teaching I Learning Processes 3 . 1 . Multicriteria! Goal Structure of Instruction : Compatibility of Cognitive and Noncognitivc Goals 3 .2 . Confl ic t ing Goals and Mult icr i teria! Effectiveness of Instruction : Compatibility of Optimal Encouragement of Performance & Reduction of Divergence 3 .3 . Mathematics Teaching in Germany, Japan, and the United States. 4. Improv ing Cogni t ive Competencies i n Elementary School: The ENTERPRISE Project 5. Fields of Special Methodological Applications 5 . 1 . The Multilevel Analyse Paradigm for Statistical Modeling of Hierarchically Structured Data Sets and Measures of Change 5 .2. Typological Analyses by Means of the Mixed Rasch Model 6. The Berlin Forum on School Legislation For further details, the reader is referred to the project descriptions in the Center's Brochure or in the Institute's 1 996 Annual Report. The Library and Research Documentation Unit of the Max Planck Institute for Human Development and Education The Library and Research Documentation Unit of this institute has over 1 74,000 volumes with an annual growth of approximately 3200 items. The library subscribes to 7 1 5 current periodicals and possesses approximately 32,000 bound periodicals. The library is not open to the general public. The library and its holdings are available to users on site which includes 1 80 institute members and approximately 80 guests per year. The collection includes the following maj or areas of emphas is : educational research , educational theory, educational systems, schools, school laws, teachers and teacher training, professionalism, teaching and curriculum development, school achievement, transition from school to work, socialization, sociology and society, work, transformation processes, workforce, economics, l i fe span development , psychology, developmental psychol ogical , evolutionary psychology, psychological research, cognition, cognitive development, gerontology, aging and cognition, aging, etc. Segments from the l ibrary catalog (http :l/www.mpib -berlin.mpg.de/dok/ehome.htrn) are submitted to FIS-Bildung. The library catalog has been converted to an electronic catalog i.ncluding the complete holdings from 1 970 onward and selectively from the acquisitions years of 1 962-1 969. The 1 4-person staff includes 2 full-time research s taff who also study citation analyses , developments in scholarly publications and the transition to electronic media in (http:l/www.mpib-berlin.mpg.de/dok/ech.htm) which has been expanded in some cases to include not only electronic sources but a mixture of both print and electronic sources according to the needs of the projects. 9 Other Educational Research Institutions in Germany Figure 1 , which appears at the end of the article, is a map indicating the current locations of some 20 major educational research institutions in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. In addition to those already covered in some detail , these include: the Federal Institute for Vocational Training (BIBB), the Berlin Institute for Teacher Education and Further Education (BILS), the Information Center IDES (Berne, Switzerland) , the Pestalozzi Research Center (Zurich, Switzerland), the Institute for Teaching Mathematics of the University of Bielefeld (IDM), the Secretariat of the Standing Conference of the Cultural Ministeries (KMK), the University Library of Erlangen-Nuremberg (UB-SSG) with the DFG Special Collections Library for Education and Teaching, the German Institute for Adult Education (DIE) , the Subject 9 For more on the MPIB Clearinghouse, see Diann Rusch-Feja. ( 1 997). Subject-Oriented Collection of Information Resources from the Internet: A Clearinghouse Concept to Support Scientists in a German Research Institute. Libri, v47 nl p l -24. EDUCATION LIBRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 I 2a A R T I C L E S Information Center in Karlsruhe (FIZ), the Institute for Teaching the Natural Sciences of the University of Kiel (IPN), the Library for the Hearing and Speech-Impaired (part of BBF, DIPF) (HSB) in Leipzig, the German Youth Institute (DJI), the Institute for Film and Pictures in Science and Teaching (FWU), the Bavarian State for School Pedagogy and Educational Research (ISP), the Institute for Labor Market Research of the Federal Labor Office (lAB), the Institute for Higher Education Research Wittenberg e.V. (IHS), and in Austria, the Departmental Library of the Austrian Federal Ministry for Teaching and Art (BMfUK). Further information on these institutions can be obtained from the author. IV. Building the Internet Educational Network in Germany The German Educational Resources Server (GER I DBS) - Deutscher Bildungsserver In 1 995, at an annual meeting of the German Society for Information i n Education (Gesellschaft Information B ildung - GIB), a suggestion was made for a nationwide educational resources server. t o This suggestion for an encompassing World Wide Web Server listing publications, teaching and learning materials, and connecting them with directories of teachers, schools, educational researchers, university departments, etc . , involved in education, was then worked into a proposal by Professor Peter Diepold of the Department of Pedagogics and Informatics of the Humboldt University of Berlin to the German Research Network Association (DFN - Deutschen Forschungsnetz Verein). The Server concept was granted funding for three years ( 1 996 - 1 999) and Prof. Diepold chose the n ame : Deutscher Bildungsserver (DBS) (on its English pages, German Educational Resources - GER). This Server (http://dbs.schule.de) includes publications, links to major educational libraries, databases, major textbook publishers, the directory of the German Society of Educat ion al Researchers (Deutsche G esellschaft ftir Erziehungswissenschaft DGfE), the German School Web (http:// www.schule.de), and many other information sources relevant to educationalists, teachers, school administrators and students. Perhaps the greatest achievement in this server thus far i s the database for teac h i n g and learning materials (Unterrichtsmaterialien und Projekte) which currently includes approximately 3400 entries for electronic documents, software, multimedia/interactive learning programs, CD-ROMs, books, etc. Using Dublin Core Metadata and several additional categories of metadata necessary for the German Educational Resources database, these items can be searched, and the metadata entries will also be used as filtering mechanisms. The actual items are in distributed systems all over Germany and also outside of Germany, the metadata can be entered using a template designed for this purpose and stored in a database to be searched using a Harvest search engine. The same template is used at 8 of the 1 6 State Educational Authori ties ' Servers , so there is complete standardization concerning the use of metadata and the retrieval mode. It is expected to connect this database with other databases at a later time so as to have active links between authors, schools, university departments of education and teacher training institutes, courses and curricula, publications and members of the university departments, societies, etc. It is expected that when the DFN funding period comes to a close, the responsibility for maintaining the German Educational Resources Server will be shared as of the year 2000 by the service units of the German Institute for International Educational Research (DIPF) (re: educational research) and the Institute for Film and Pictures in Science and Teaching (FWU) (re: school and teaching materials aspects). At the same time as the German Educational Resources Server was being developed, several other school-oriented server architectures were evolving in Germany. Teachers took the initative and started the Open School Network (ODS). A Federal Project for Schools on the Network (SAN e.V.) was financed by the federal minister who provided money for schools to obtain hardware, thus reducing networking costs in being connected to the Internet. This was also supported by the WIN-SHUTTLE program of the German Research Network which supported a special connection for schools with a reduced rate. Since the cultural ministry in each individual German state has jurisdiction over the educational system in that state, some states more than others encouraged the development of computer classes and school networking courses. Baden-Wuerttemburg and Bavaria have developed individual information infrastructure programs which include programs for computer classes in primary and secondary schools. Other states have no special programs and in some cases individual innnovative teachers or schools are initiating course work in using computers and the Internet as an information source. The State Educational Authorities' Servers (Landesserver) Each German state has its own educational authority and many of these also have an educational information server which it supports or which members of that authority have taken the initiative to build up to support educational institutions in that German State. The sources of these state educational servers serve different needs. Those sponsored by the state governments also 10 Diann Rusch-Feja: German Educational Resources: Eine Sammelstelle fiir deutsche erziehungswissenschaftliche und bildungsbezogene Quellen im Internet. In: Information im Bi/dungswesen-Zugriff, Verfugbarkeit und Qualitiit. 3. GIB-Fachagung, 22-23. November 1995 in Soest. Hrsg. D. Rush-Feja, P. Diepold, B. Christopher. Berlin: Gesellschaft Information Dildung, 1 996, pp. l 47-55 . EDUCATION LI BRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 A R T I C L E S 29 include additional information on school policy, etc . Those sponsored by continuing education institutes for teachers or teacher training institutes for computer instruction offer different services and information. However, all these servers cooperate with the German Educational Resources Server and meet in Berlin twice a year to discuss technical issues, organizational problems, problems of establishing qual i ty, use of metadata and meeting the requirements of their audience (teachers, students, administrators, school authorities) . In addition to the German Educational Resources Server (DBS) and the network of state servers being built up in conjunction with the DBS, there is also an independent server registering educational materials in the Internet (Zentrale fur Unterrichtsmedien im Internet e.V.) (http://ilsebill.biologie. uni-freiburg.de/schule/) sponsored by instructors and teachers in Freiburg. Anyone wishing to access these individual servers can obtain the appl icable website from the au thor. E-mail: ruschfeja@mpib-berlin.mpg.de V. The European SchoolNet (EUN) In 1 996, a European Union proposal focussed on establishing an electronic school network for all of Europe. The proposal was accepted and the Swedish Educational Ministry has served as the coordinating unit for building an educational network within Europe. � The original goal was to have a prototype of an Europa-wide school server which would serve as a basis for various phases of development thereafter. Planning for this began in December 1 996, with the proposal "Towards an Electronic Network for Schools" by Ylva Johansson, the Swedish Minister for Schools and Adult Education. In this proposal, Ms. Johansson gave the goals of this project, which were totally in accordance with the goals of the European Council set forth in June of 1 996 in Firenze. The result of this was a resolution in the European Council recommending development of an educational, multimedia! software and networked information for all of Europe. This resolution included the following goals for a Europa-wide School Network: -to ensure that pupils have net access to computers, software, networks, etc. -to organize teaching and learning to include information technology in all subject areas -to enable pupils to acquire necessary information technology knowledge and skills -to further development of educational multimedia -to promote European cooperation Additional goals of the European S ch oo!Net include stimulating the development of multimedia! teaching and learning software, further development of teacher training and continuing education courses in using new technology in the classroom, and instruction in expanding the consciousness of the vast educational potential of audiovisual and multimedia! teaching and learning instruments in the network. During the early months of 1 997, various meetings of technical and content experts resulted in two principle papers: "The EUN Technical Platform-Strategy and Guidelines" and a "List of Suggested Areas on the Main BUN-Platform." In these papers, the thematic content and technical basis for the project is explained. The EUN should serve to bring together all existing networked educational systems as well as other educational institutions, make their offerings accessible and searchable using metadata. Multilinguality of the project has been given a high priority. A supervisory council (EUN editorial board) as well as a technical commission (EUN Technical Network ETN) will provide support for the services of a central server (which will initially serve as the "Hub" of the entire distributed system) and also for the development and integration of individual servers in the member countries. Furthermore, development of educational servers, especially in those areas which do not as yet have such servers, will be supported by these commissions. Additional links and information on school projects and links to existing national school networks in the European countries can be found at the European SchoolNet Server (http://www.eun.org). Coordination of the German participants lies with Michael Drabe (German Minister for Education and Research, the program: Initiative Schulen ans Netz, e .V. (http://www. san-ev.de)). The German Educational Resources Server under the direction of Peter Diepold will also participate in the development of metadata standards and other aspects of the EUN project. EDUCATION LI BRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 3o A R T I C L E S Major Educational Libraries and Institutions 1997 .,tiDES Bern FWU ....___ .._ JZl JSPJ.- Murrlch I&J)JJ I Austria! · B�K .�:a Wien See Appendix B E DUCATION LIBRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 A R T I C L E S 31 APPENDIX A Alphabetical List of Institutions According to English Names (Note: The 8 original educational and research institutions founded in 1964 are starred in the following list.) Austrian Institute for the Study of Youth (Osterreichisches Institut fiir Jugendkunde, OIJ) in Vienna Austrian Library of the Federal Ministry for Teaching and Art (Amtsbibliothek des Bundesministeriums fiir Unterricht und Kunst, BMfUK) in Vienna B avarian State Institute for Research and Planning in Higher Education (Bayerisches Staatsinstitut fiir Hochschulforschung und Hochschulplanung, IHF) in Munich B avarian State Institute for School Pedagogy and Educational Research (Staatsinstitut fiir Schulpadagogik und Bildungsforschung, ISP) in Munich Berlin Institute for Continuing Education of Teachers and School Development (BIL) (formerly Educational Center of Berlin, Padagogisches Zentrum - PZ) (Berliner Institut fiir Lehrerfort-und-weiterbildung und Schulentwicklung) Catholic Religious Education Documentation Unit (Katholisches Religionspadagogische Dokumentationsstelle, KRD) in Munich Comenius Institute (CI) (Comenius-Institut Evangelische Arbeitsstatte fiir Erziehungswissenschaft) in Miinster *Cybernetic Linguistics Research Center (Sprachkybernetisches Forschungszentrum Heidelberg, SFZ) in Heidelberg Department for Comparative Educational Research of the Ruhr University in Bochum-Arbeitsstelle fiir vergleichende Bildungsforschung an der Ruhr-Universitat Bochum (AVB) . Educational Center Berlin( (Padagogisches Zentrum Berlin (PZ)- (later Berlin Institute for Continuing Education for Teachers and School Development - BILS, as of 1 995)) Educational Center of the German Adult Education S ociety (PAS) (Padagogische Arbeitsstelle des Deutschen Volkshochschulverbandes e.V., PAS) in Frankfurt as of 1 997 German Institute for Adult Education (DIE) (Deutsches Institut fiir Erwachsenenbildung) Federal Educational Library in the State School Board of Lower Austria ( BPD) (Bundesstaatliche Padagogische Bibliothek beim Landesschulrat fiir Niederosterreich) Federal Institute for Vocational Training (Bundesinstitut fiir Berufsbildung, BIBB) (West-Berlin) German Educational Resources (DBS) (Deutscher Bildungsserver) German Institute for Adult Education (DIE) (Deutsches Institut fiir Erwachsenenbildung) (Frankfurt) (formerly Padagogische Arbeitsstelle des Deutschen Volkshochschulverbandes (PAS)) German Institute for Distance Education (Deutsches Institut fiir Fernstudien an der Universitat Tiibingen, DIFF) in Tiibingen *German Institute for International Educational Research (DIPF) (Deutsches Institut fiir international Padagogische Forschung in Frankfurt *German Institute for Research on Youth (DJI) (Deutsches Jugendinstitut) in Munich German Society for Information in Education (GIB ) - Gesellschaft Information Bildung (GIB) e.V. (headquarters in Berlin) Hessian Institute for Educational Planning and School Development (Hessisches Institut fiir B ildungsplanung und Schulentwicklung, HIBS) in Wiesbaden Information Center for Foreign Language Research (lnformationszentrum fiir Fremdsprachenforschung der Philipps­ Universitat, IFS) in Marburg Information Center IDES (Bern, Switzerland) Institute for Didactics of Mathematics of the University of Bielefeld (IDM) (lnstitut fiir Didatik der Mathematik an der Universitat B ielefeld) EDUCATION LIBRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 32 A R T I C L E S Institute for Film and Pictures in Science and Teaching (Institut fiir Film und Bild in Wissenschaft und Unterricht, FWU) in Munich Institute for Higher Education Research Wittenberg (IHS) (Institut fiir Hochschulforschung Wittenberg e.V.) Institute for Labor Market Research of the Federal Labor Office (lAB) (Institut fiir Arbeitsmarkt-und-Berufsforschung der Bundesanstalt fiir Arbeit) Institute for Teacher Training of the Vienna University (Institut fiir Padagogik an der Universitat Wien, IP) in Vienna *International Central Institute for Youth and Educational Television (Internationales Zentralinstitut fiir das Jugend-und­ Bildungsfernsehen, IZI) in Munich Library for Historical Educational Research (Bibliothek der Bildungsgeschichtlichen Forschung, BBF) (Berlin) *Max Planck Institute for Human Devolopment and Education (Max-Planck-Institut fiir Bildungsforschung, MPIB) in West Berlin *Pedagogical Center (Padagogisches Zentrum, PZ) in West Berlin (after 1 995 , Berliner Institut fiir Lehrerfort-und­ weiterbildung und Schulentwicklung, BILS) Pestalozzi Center - Pestalozzeum (Zurich, Switzerland) Project Group Subject Information on Higher Education (IHS) - Projektgruppe Fachinformation Bildung (closely connected to the Projektgruppe Hochschulforschung) (PHSF) - Interim Project Group for Research of Higher Education (part of former GDR Zentralinstitut fiir Hochschulforschung) (ca. 1 993-5 Bibliographic Database GDR Higher Education) School Web (SW) - Schul web (Directory of Schools on the World Wide Web maintained by the Dept. of Pedagogics and Informatics of the Humboldt University Berlin *Standing Conference of the State Ministries of Cultl)l'e (Standige Konferenz der Kultusminister der Lander, KMK) in Bonn State Institute ofNorthrhein-Westfalen for Schools and Continuing Education (Landesinstitut fiir Schule und Weiterbildung, LSW) in Soest Subject Information Center Karlsruhe (Fachinformationszentrum Karlsruhe - FIZ) Teacher Training Departments of 4 universities (Kassel, Koblenz, Halle, Munich in a cooperative agreement of Teacher Training Institutes for Physics to contribute to FIS-Bildung since 1 997) (Physikdidaktischer FB der Universitaten Kassel, Halle, Koblenz, Miinchen) *UNESCO Institute for Pedagogics (UNESCO Institut fiir Padagogik, UNIP) in Hamburg University Library of Erlange-Nuremberg (UB-SSG) DFG Special Collections Library for Education and Teaching - Universitatsbilbiothek Erlangen-Niirnberg - DFG Sondersammelgebietsbibliothek Bildung!Erziehungswissenschaft APPENDIX B List of Abbreviations AV B - Department for Comparative Educational Research University of Bochum (Arbeitsstelle fiir vergleichende B ildungsforschung an der Ruhr - Universitat Bochum) BBF - Library for Historical Educational Research (Bibliothek der Bildungsgeschichtlichen Forschung (formerly the library of the GDR Academy of the Pedagogical Sciences, since 1 992, this library and a connected research staff of ca. 1 0 persons became part of DIPF) BIBB - Federal Institute for Vocational Training - Documentation (Bundesinstitut fiir Berufsbildung) (Berlin) BILS (BIL) - Berlin Institute for Teacher Education and Further Education (Berliner lnstitut fur Lehrerfort-und-weiterbildung und Schulentwicklung, formerly Padagogisches Zentrum Berlin (PZ) - Educational Center Berlin) BMFUK - Departmental Library of the Federal Ministry (of Austria) for Teaching and Art (Amtsbibliothek des Bundesministeriums fiir Unterricht und Kunst) (Vienna) EDUCATION LIBRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 A R T I C L E S 33 BPD - Federal Educational Library in the State School Board of Lower Austria (Bundesstaatliche Padagogische Bibliothek beim Landesschulrat fiir Niederosterreich) CI - Comenius Institute - Protestant Workshop for Education (Comenius-Institut - Evangelische Arbeitsstatte fi.ir Erziehungswissenschaft) (Mi.inster) DBS - Deutscher Bildungs-Server (German Educational Resources Server) (Berlin) DIE - Deutsches Institut fiir Erwachsenenbildung - German Institute for Adult Education (Frankfurt) (formerly Padagogische Arbeitsstelle des Deutschen Volkshochschulverbandes (PAS)) DIFF - German Institute for Distance Education (Deutsches Institut fiir Fernstudien an der Universitat Ti.ibingen) (Ti.ibingen) DIPF - German Institute for International Educational Research (Deutsches Institut fi.ir Internationale Padagogische Forschung) (Frankfurt) DJI - German Institute for Research on Youth (Deutsches Jugendinstitut) (Munich) FIS - Coordinating Office for Educational Literature (FIS-Bildung - Fachinformationssystem Bildung) (Frankfurt) FIZ - Subject Information Center Karlsruhe (Fachinformationszentrum Karlsruhe, since 1 996) FWU - Institute for Film and Pictures in Science and Teaching (Institut fiir Film und Bild in Wissenschaft und Unterricht) (Munich) GER - German Educational Resources Server (Berlin) (Deutscher Bildungsserver) GIB - Society for Information in Education (Gesellschaft Information Bildung, nationwide, headquarters in Berlin) HIBS - Hessian Institute for Educational Planning and School Development (Hessisches Institut fi.ir Bildungsplanung und Schulentwicklung) (Wiesbaden) HIS - Higher Education Information System (Hannover) (Hochschulinformationsystem) HSB - Library for the Hearing and Speech-Impaired (Hor-und Sprechbedinderte Bibliothek) (part of BBF, DIPF) lAB - Institute for Labor Market Research of the Federal Labor Office (Institut fi.ir Arbeitsmarkt-und Berufsforschung der Bundesanstalt fi.ir Arbeit) IDES - Information Center IDES (Informationsstelle IDES) (Berne, Switzerland) IDM - Institute for Didactics of Mathematics of the University of Bielefeld (Institut fi.ir Didatik der Mathematik an der Universitat Bielefeld) IFS - Information Center for Foreign Language Research - Informationszentrum fi.ir Fremdsprachenforschung der Philipps­ Universitat (Marburg) IHF - Bavarian State Institute for Research and Planning in Higher Education (Bayerisches Staatsinstitut fi.ir Hochschulforschung und Hochschulplanung) (Munich) IHS - Institute for Higher Education Research Wittenberg e.V. - Institut fi.ir Hochschulforschung Wittenberg e.V. IP - Institute for Teacher Training of the Vienna University (Institut fi.ir Padagogik an der Universitat Wien) (Vienna) lPN - Institute for Teaching the Natural Sciences of the University of Kiel (Institut fi.ir die Padagogik der Naturwissenschaften an der Universitat Kiel) (since 1 997 cooperative partner) ISP - B avarian State Institute for School Pedagogy and Educational Research (Staatsinstitut fi.ir Schulpadagogik und Bildungsforschung) Munich) IZI - International Central Institute for Youth and Educational Television (Internationales Zentralinstitut fi.ir das Jugend-und Bildungsfernsehen) (Munich) KMK - Standing Conference of the State Ministries of Culture (Standige Konferenz der Kultusminister der Lander) (KMK) (Bonn) KRD - Catholic Religious Education Documentation Unit (Katholisches Religionspadagogische Dokumentationsstelle) (Munich) EDUCATION LIBRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 I 2 34 A R T I C L E S LSW - State Institute (of Northrhein-Westfalen) for Schools and Continuing Education (Landesinstitut fi.ir Schule und Weiterbildung) (Soest) MPI - Max Planck Institute for Human Development and Education (Max-Planck-Institut fi.ir Bildungsforschung) (West Berlin) ODS - State School Servers and the Open School Network (nation wide) OU - Austrian Institute for the Study of Youth (Osterreichisches Institut fiir Jugendkunde) (Vienna) PAS - Educational Center of the German Adult Education Society (Piidagogische Arbeitsstelle des Deutsch en Volkshochschulverbandes e.V.) (Frankfurt) PAZ I PZ - Pedagogical Center (Piidagogisches Zentrum) (West Berlin) - after ca. 1 995 this institution became the Berlin Institute for Continuing Education of Teachers and School Development (Berlin) PHSF - Interim Project Group for Research of Higher Education (Projektgruppe Hochschulforschung) - part of former GDR Zentralinstitut fi.ir Hochschulforschung) Part of this group was integrated into the Library of the Technical University of Berlin, part has been continued by the Institute for Higher Education Research in Wittenberg SAN e.V . - Schools on the Network (nation wide, coordinating office in Bonn) SFZ - Cybernetic Linguistics Research Center (Sprachkybernetisches Forschungszentrum Heidelberg) (Heidelberg) SW - School Web (Schul web) (Directory of Schools on the World Wide Web maintained by the Dept. of Pedagogics and Informatics of the Humboldt University UB-SSG - Universi ty Library of Erlangen - Nuremberg (DFG Special Collections Library for Education and Teaching) Universitiitsbibliothek Erlangen-Niirnberg (UB-SSG) UNIP - UNESCO Institute for Pedagogics (UNESCO Institut fiir Piidagogik) (Hamburg) APPENDIX C Geographical List of Institutions Berlin Berl iner Ins t i tut fiir Lehrerfort-und-weiterbi ldung und Schulentwicklung (BILS I BIL) - Berlin Institute for Teacher Education and Further Education (Piidagogisches Zentrum Berlin (PZ) - Educational Center Berlin) Bibliothek der Bildungsgeschichtlichen Forschung (BBF) - Library for Historical Educational Research (formerly the Library of the GDR APW, since 1 992 integrated in DIPF) Bundesinstitut fi.ir Berufsbildung (BIBB) - Federal Institute for Vocational Training - Documentation Deutscher Bildungsserver (DBS) - German Educational Resources Server (maintained by the Dept. of Pedagogics and Informatics of the Humboldt University) *Max-Planck-Institut fiir Bildungsforschung (MPIB) - Max­ Planck-Institute for Human Development & Education *Piidagogisches Zentrum Berlin (PZ) - Educational Center Berlin (as of 1 995 Berliner Institut fi.ir Lehrerfort-und-weiterbildung und Schulentwicklung (BILS) - Berlin Institute for Teacher Education and Further Education EDUCATION LIBRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 Projektgruppe Fachinformation Bildung (closely connected to the Projektgruppe Hochschulforschung) (PHSF) - Interim Project Group for Research of Higher Education (part of former GDR Zentralinstitut fiir Hochschulforschung) (ca. 1 993-5 Bibliographic Database GDR Higher Education followed 1 997 by the Institute for Higher Education Research in Wittenberg) Schul web (SW) - School Web (Directory of Schools on the World Wide Web maintained by the Dept. of Pedagogics and Informatics of the Humboldt University Bochum Arbeitsstelle fur vergleichende Bildungsforschung an der Ruhr­ Universitiit Bochum (AVB) - Department for Comparative Educational Research University of Bochum Bonn Sekretariat der Stiindigen Konferenz der Kultusminister (KMK) - Secretariat of the Standing Conference of the Cultural Ministers Schulen ans Netz (SAN e.V.) - Schools on the Network A R T I C L E S 35 Erlangen UniversiUitsbibliothek Erlangen-Ntirnberg (UB-SSG) - University Library of Erlangen - Nuremberg (DFG Special Collections Library for Education and Teaching) Frankfurt Deutsches Institut fiir Erwachsenenbildung (DIE) - German Institute for Adult Education (formerly Padagogische Arbeitsstelle des Deutschen Volkshochschulverbandes (PAS)) *Deutsches Institut fiir Internationale Piidagogische Forschung (DIPF) - German Institute for International Educational Research Padagogische Arbeitsstelle des Deutschen Volkshochschulverbandes e.V. (PAS) - Educational Center of the German Adult Education Society (as of 1 997 Deutsches Institut fiir Erwachsenenbildung (DIE)) Halle Physikdidaktischer FB der Universitiit Halle - Teacher Training Dept. of the University of Halle (in a cooperative agreement of Teacher Training Institutes for Physics since 1 997 in FIS Bildung) Hamburg *UNESCO Institut ftir Padagogik (UNIP) - UNESCO Institute for Education Heidelberg *Sprachkybernetisches Forschungszentrum Heidelberg (SFZ) - Cybernetic Linguistics Research Center Karlsruhe Fachinformationszentrum Karlsruhe (FIZ) - Subject Information Center Karlsruhe (since 1 996 in FIS Bildung) Kassel Physikdidaktischer FB der Universitat Kassel - Teacher Training Dept. of the University of Kassel (in a cooperative agreement of Teacher Training Institutes for Physics since 1 997 in FIS Bildung) Kiel Institut fiir die Piidagogik der Naturwissenschaften an der Universitat Kiel (lPN) - Institute for Teaching the Natural Sciences of the University of Kiel (since 1 997 cooperative partner of FIS Bildung) Koblenz Physikdidaktischer FB der Universitat Koblenz - Teacher Training Dept. of the University of Koblenz (in a cooperative agreement of Teacher Training Institutes for Physics since 1 997 in FIS Bildung) Leipzig Hor- und Sprechbedinderte Bibliothek (HSB) - Library for the Hearing and Speech-Impaired (part of BBF, DIPF) Marburg/Lahn Informationszentrum fiir Fremdsprachenforschung der Philipps­ Universitiit (IFS) - Information Center for Foreign Language Research Munich B ay erisches S taats inst i tut fiir Hochschul forschu n g u n d Hochschulplanung (IHF) - B avarian State Institute for Research and Planning in Higher Education B ayerisches S taats i nst i tut fiir Schulpiidagogik u n d Bildungsforschung (ISP) - B avarian State Institute for School Pedagogy and Educational Research *Deutsches Jugendinstitut (DJI) - German Youth Institute Institut fiir Film und Bild in Wissenschaft und Unterricht (FWU) ­ Institute for Film and Pictures in Science and Teaching * l n ternati onales Zentral ins t i tu t fiir das Jugend-und Bildungsfernsehen (IZI) - International Central Institute for Youth and Educational Television Katholisches Religionspadagogische Dokumentationsstelle (KRD) - Catholic Religious Education Documentation Unit Physikdidaktischer FB der Universitat Mtinchen - Teacher Training Dept. of the University of Munich (in a cooperative agreement of Teacher Training Institutes for Physics since 1 997 in FIS Bildung) Munster Comenius I n st i tut - Evangel ische . Arbeitsstatte fiir Erziehungswissenschaft (CI) - Comenius Institute - Protestant Workshop for Education Nuremberg Institut fiir Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung der Bundesanstalt fiir Arbeit (lAB) - Institute for Labor Market Research of the Federal Labor Office Soest Landesinstitut fiir Schule und Weiterbildung (LSW) - State Institute (of Northrhein-Westfalen) for Schools and Continuing Education Tiibingen Deutsches Institut fiir Fernstudien an der Universitiit Ttibingen (DIFF) - German Institute for Distance Education Wiesbaden Hessisches Institut fiir Bildungsplanung und Schulentwicklung (HIBS) - Hessian Institute for Educational Planning and School Development Wittenberg Institut fiir Hochschulforschung Wittenberg e.V. (IHS) - Institute for Higher Educational Research Wittenberg EDUCATION LI B RARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 36 A R T I C L E S Vienna (Wien) (Austria) Amtsbibliothek des Bundesministeriums fur Unterricht und Kunst (BMfUK) - Departmental Library of the Federal Ministry for Teaching and Art Institut fiir Piidagogik an der Universitiit Wien (IP) - Institute for Teacher Training of the Vienna University bsterreichisches Institut fur Jugendkunde (OIJ) -Austrian Institute for the Study ofYouth Lower Austria (Austria) Bundesstaatliche Piidagogische B ibliothek beim Landesschulrat fiir Niederosterreich (BPD) - Federal Educational Library in the State School Board of Lower Austria Bern (Schwitzerland) Informationsstelle IDES (since 1 997 in FIS Bildung) Zurich, Switzerland Pestalozzeum - Pestalozzi Center EDUCATION LIBRARIES VOL. 22, No. 1 / 2 Endnotes B aumgardt, Hille: Der "Dokumentationsring Piidagogik" - Entwicklung, Tiitigkeit und Bedeutung. Hausarbeit zur Priifung fiir den hoheren B ibliotheksdienst . Cologne: Bibl iothekar­ Lehrinstitut des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, 1 980. Diepold, Peter: Auf dem Weg zu einem Internet-gestiitzten, integrierten Informations-und Kommunikationssystem Bildung. In: Schritte mrQualitiitsverbessenmg von Bildungsinfomudionssystemen. 5. GIB-Fachlagung vom 1.-2. Oktober 1997 in Halle. Berlin: Gesellschaft Information Bildung, 1 998 (in presse) http://www.educat.hu-berlin .de/ publikation/halle.html Deutsches Institut fiir Internationale Piidagogische Forschung: Fachinformatio nssystem Bildung. Bericht iiber den Modellversuch der Bund-liinder-Kommission "Erprobung der Konzeption fiir ein Fachinformatiossytem Bildung." Frankfurt am Main: FIS Bildung (DIPF), 1 997. Max Planck Institute for Human Development: Center for Educational Research. Berlin: Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 1 998. http://www.mpib-berlin.mpg.de/ Further information on the above institutions can be obtained from the author: Dr. Diann Rusch-Feja Max Planck Institute for Human Development and Education Lentzeallee 94 D- 1 4 1 95 Berlin, Germany Email: ruschfeja@mpib-berlin.mpg.de Library HomePage: http://www.mpib-betlin.mpg.de/dok/ehomee.htm Clearinghouse for Subject-Oriented In ternet Information Sources: http://www.mpib-berlin .mpg.de/dok/ech.htm Diann Rusch-Fej a is the D irector of Library and Research Documentat ion at the Max Planck I nsti tute for Human Development and Education, Berlin, Germany. She is also a specialist i n Computer Systems for Information Systems. Previously she has taught at universities and colleges in the United States and Germany. This paper was first presented at the Annual Conference of the Special Libraries Association in Seattle, Wash. , 1 997. E-mail: ruschfeja@mpib-berlin.mpg.de