id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
epaa-444	Garlikov, Rick	Logic in Educational Research and Policy Making	2000	7	.pdf	application/pdf	2925	98	44	There is an ambiguity in the word should, as he uses it, in the first sentence—the two meanings being (1) should in the political sense of whether policy ought to rely on standardized test scores to judge schools because people accept or believe that test items show direct causal correlations between the quality of school instruction and student test scores and thus, by extension, accept test scores of a measure of the efficacy of what is taught and learned in schools, (2) whether test items actually show direct causal correlations between school instruction and student test scores and thus serve as an actual measure of what is taught and learned in schools. For the assumption to hold, what is necessary is that student performance on standardized test scores actually is related to school quality.	cache/epaa-444.pdf	txt/epaa-444.txt