id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
epaa-73	Zvoch, Keith; Stevens, Joseph J. 	Successive Student Cohorts and Longitudinal Growth Models: An Investigation of Elementary School Mathematics Performance	2006	25	.pdf	application/pdf	10608	460	49	Note that estimation of the residual variances enables assessment of the degree to which schools vary in the 3rd grade mean achievement in the first cohort (2000–02), u0 0 j; the changes in 3 rd grade mean achievement between the three cohorts, u0 1 j; the achievement growth of elementary school students in the first cohort (2000–02), u1 0 j; and the changes in the achievement growth of elementary school students between the three cohorts, u1 1 j. Equations 5a through 5d were used to calculate the within and between-cohort school performance estimates. Conceptually, longitudinal models of student achievement growth better represent the time-dependent process of academic learning (Bryk & Raudenbush, 1988; Seltzer, Choi, & Thum, 2003; Willett, 1988).	cache/epaa-73.pdf	txt/epaa-73.txt