id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
epaa-229	1	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-229	1	2	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-229	1	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	1	4	11	11	NUM
epaa-229	1	5	no	no	NOUN
epaa-229	1	6	.	.	NOUN
epaa-229	1	7	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	1	8	dorn	dorn	ADJ
epaa-229	1	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	1	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	1	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	1	12	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	1	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	1	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	1	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	1	16	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	1	17	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-229	1	18	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	1	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	1	20	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	1	21	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	1	22	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	1	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	1	24	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-229	1	25	volume	volume	VERB
epaa-229	1	26	11	11	NUM
epaa-229	1	27	number	number	NOUN
epaa-229	1	28	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	1	29	january	january	PROPN
epaa-229	1	30	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	1	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	1	32	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-229	1	33	issn	issn	PROPN
epaa-229	1	34	1068	1068	NUM
epaa-229	1	35	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	1	36	2341	2341	NUM
epaa-229	1	37	a	a	DET
epaa-229	1	38	peer	peer	NOUN
epaa-229	1	39	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	1	40	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-229	1	41	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
epaa-229	1	42	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-229	1	43	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-229	1	44	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	1	45	gene	gene	NOUN
epaa-229	1	46	v	v	ADP
epaa-229	1	47	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-229	1	48	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	1	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	1	50	education	education	PROPN
epaa-229	1	51	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-229	1	52	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	1	53	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	1	54	copyright	copyright	NOUN
epaa-229	1	55	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-229	1	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	1	57	the	the	DET
epaa-229	1	58	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	1	59	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	1	60	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	1	61	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-229	1	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	2	1	permission	permission	NOUN
epaa-229	2	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	2	3	hereby	hereby	ADV
epaa-229	2	4	granted	grant	VERB
epaa-229	2	5	to	to	PART
epaa-229	2	6	copy	copy	VERB
epaa-229	2	7	any	any	DET
epaa-229	2	8	article	article	NOUN
epaa-229	2	9	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	2	10	epaa	epaa	NOUN
epaa-229	2	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	2	12	credited	credit	VERB
epaa-229	2	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	2	14	copies	copy	NOUN
epaa-229	2	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	2	16	not	not	PART
epaa-229	2	17	sold	sell	VERB
epaa-229	2	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	3	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-229	3	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	3	3	a	a	DET
epaa-229	3	4	project	project	NOUN
epaa-229	3	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	3	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	3	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	3	8	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	3	9	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-229	3	10	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
epaa-229	3	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	4	1	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-229	4	2	appearing	appear	VERB
epaa-229	4	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	4	4	epaa	epaa	NOUN
epaa-229	4	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	4	6	abstracted	abstract	VERB
epaa-229	4	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	4	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	4	9	current	current	ADJ
epaa-229	4	10	index	index	NOUN
epaa-229	4	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	4	12	journals	journal	NOUN
epaa-229	4	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	4	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	4	15	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	4	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	4	17	eric	eric	PROPN
epaa-229	4	18	clearinghouse	clearinghouse	PROPN
epaa-229	4	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	4	20	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-229	4	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	4	22	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-229	4	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	4	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	4	25	permanently	permanently	ADV
epaa-229	4	26	archived	archive	VERB
epaa-229	4	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	4	28	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-229	4	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	4	30	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	4	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	5	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	5	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	5	3	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	5	4	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	5	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	5	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	5	7	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	5	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	5	9	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	5	10	sherman	sherman	PROPN
epaa-229	5	11	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	5	12	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	5	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	5	14	south	south	PROPN
epaa-229	5	15	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-229	5	16	citation	citation	NOUN
epaa-229	5	17	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	6	1	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	6	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	6	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	6	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	6	5	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-229	6	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	6	7	january	january	PROPN
epaa-229	6	8	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	6	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	6	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	7	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	7	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	7	3	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	7	4	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	7	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	7	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	7	7	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	7	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	7	9	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	7	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	7	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	7	12	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	7	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	7	14	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-229	7	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	7	16	11(1	11(1	NUM
epaa-229	7	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	7	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-229	8	2	[	[	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	3	date	date	NOUN
epaa-229	8	4	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	8	6	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v11n1/.	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v11n1/.	PROPN
epaa-229	8	7	abstract	abstract	NOUN
epaa-229	8	8	an	an	DET
epaa-229	8	9	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-229	8	10	perspective	perspective	NOUN
epaa-229	8	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	8	12	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	8	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	14	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	8	15	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	8	16	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	8	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	8	18	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	8	19	required	require	VERB
epaa-229	8	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	8	21	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	8	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	8	23	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	8	24	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	8	25	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	8	26	mixed	mixed	ADJ
epaa-229	8	27	results	result	NOUN
epaa-229	8	28	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	8	29	the	the	DET
epaa-229	8	30	putative	putative	ADJ
epaa-229	8	31	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	8	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	8	33	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	8	34	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	8	35	diplomas	diploma	VERB
epaa-229	8	36	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	38	1	1	X
epaa-229	8	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	40	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	8	41	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	8	42	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	8	43	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	8	44	to	to	PART
epaa-229	8	45	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	8	46	indirect	indirect	ADJ
epaa-229	8	47	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	8	48	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	8	49	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	8	50	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-229	8	51	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	8	52	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	8	53	the	the	DET
epaa-229	8	54	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-229	8	55	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	8	56	graduating	graduating	NOUN
epaa-229	8	57	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	58	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	59	2	2	X
epaa-229	8	60	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	61	the	the	DET
epaa-229	8	62	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
epaa-229	8	63	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	8	64	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	8	65	exit	exit	NOUN
epaa-229	8	66	documents	document	NOUN
epaa-229	8	67	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	8	68	dilute	dilute	VERB
epaa-229	8	69	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	8	70	to	to	PART
epaa-229	8	71	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-229	8	72	the	the	DET
epaa-229	8	73	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	8	74	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	8	75	all	all	DET
epaa-229	8	76	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	8	77	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	78	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	8	79	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	80	3	3	X
epaa-229	8	81	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	82	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	8	83	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	8	84	remain	remain	VERB
epaa-229	8	85	unlikely	unlikely	ADJ
epaa-229	8	86	to	to	PART
epaa-229	8	87	disentangle	disentangle	VERB
epaa-229	8	88	the	the	DET
epaa-229	8	89	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	8	90	cultural	cultural	ADJ
epaa-229	8	91	confusion	confusion	NOUN
epaa-229	8	92	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	8	93	the	the	DET
epaa-229	8	94	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-229	8	95	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	8	96	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	8	97	the	the	DET
epaa-229	8	98	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-229	8	99	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	8	100	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-229	8	101	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	8	102	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	8	103	a	a	DET
epaa-229	8	104	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	8	105	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	8	106	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	8	107	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	108	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-229	8	109	confusion	confusion	NOUN
epaa-229	8	110	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	8	111	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-229	8	112	the	the	DET
epaa-229	8	113	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	8	114	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	115	exchange	exchange	NOUN
epaa-229	8	116	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	8	117	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	8	118	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	8	119	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	8	120	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	8	121	a	a	DET
epaa-229	8	122	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	8	123	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	8	124	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	8	125	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	8	126	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	9	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
epaa-229	9	2	2	2	NUM
epaa-229	9	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	9	4	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	9	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	9	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	9	7	ascension	ascension	NOUN
epaa-229	9	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	9	9	george	george	PROPN
epaa-229	9	10	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-229	9	11	bush	bush	PROPN
epaa-229	9	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	9	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	9	14	presidency	presidency	NOUN
epaa-229	9	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	9	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	9	17	scripting	scripting	NOUN
epaa-229	9	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	9	19	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	9	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	9	21	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	9	22	debates	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	9	23	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	9	24	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	9	25	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	9	26	predictable	predictable	ADJ
epaa-229	9	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	10	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	10	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	10	3	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	10	4	week	week	NOUN
epaa-229	10	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	10	6	his	his	PRON
epaa-229	10	7	term	term	NOUN
epaa-229	10	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	10	9	bush	bush	PROPN
epaa-229	10	10	proposed	propose	VERB
epaa-229	10	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	10	12	same	same	ADJ
epaa-229	10	13	set	set	NOUN
epaa-229	10	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	10	15	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	10	16	he	he	PRON
epaa-229	10	17	had	have	AUX
epaa-229	10	18	advocated	advocate	VERB
epaa-229	10	19	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	10	20	tacitly	tacitly	ADV
epaa-229	10	21	supported	support	VERB
epaa-229	10	22	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	10	23	governor	governor	NOUN
epaa-229	10	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	10	25	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-229	10	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	10	27	including	include	VERB
epaa-229	10	28	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	10	29	reliance	reliance	NOUN
epaa-229	10	30	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	10	31	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-229	10	32	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	10	33	to	to	PART
epaa-229	10	34	judge	judge	VERB
epaa-229	10	35	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	10	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	10	37	government	government	NOUN
epaa-229	10	38	support	support	NOUN
epaa-229	10	39	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	10	40	private	private	ADJ
epaa-229	10	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	10	42	including	include	VERB
epaa-229	10	43	parochial	parochial	ADJ
epaa-229	10	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	10	45	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	10	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	11	1	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	11	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	11	3	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	11	4	campaign	campaign	NOUN
epaa-229	11	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	11	6	he	he	PRON
epaa-229	11	7	touted	tout	VERB
epaa-229	11	8	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-229	11	9	's	's	PART
epaa-229	11	10	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-229	11	11	record	record	NOUN
epaa-229	11	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	11	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	11	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	11	15	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-229	11	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	11	17	his	his	PRON
epaa-229	11	18	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-229	11	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	11	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	11	21	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	11	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	12	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	12	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	12	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	12	4	details	detail	NOUN
epaa-229	12	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	12	6	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	12	7	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	12	8	focusing	focus	VERB
epaa-229	12	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	12	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	12	11	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	12	12	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	12	13	murkier	murky	ADJ
epaa-229	12	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	12	15	not	not	PART
epaa-229	12	16	clearer	clear	ADJ
epaa-229	12	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	12	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	12	19	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-229	12	20	states	state	NOUN
epaa-229	12	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	13	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	13	2	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-229	13	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	13	4	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	13	5	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	13	6	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	13	7	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	13	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	13	9	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	13	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	13	11	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	13	12	not	not	PART
epaa-229	13	13	settled	settle	VERB
epaa-229	13	14	down	down	ADP
epaa-229	13	15	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	13	16	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	13	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	13	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	13	19	area	area	NOUN
epaa-229	13	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	13	21	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	13	22	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	13	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	14	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	14	3	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	14	4	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	14	5	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	14	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	14	8	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-229	14	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	14	10	a	a	DET
epaa-229	14	11	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-229	14	12	court	court	NOUN
epaa-229	14	13	case	case	NOUN
epaa-229	14	14	against	against	ADP
epaa-229	14	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	14	16	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-229	14	17	graduation	graduation	PROPN
epaa-229	14	18	test	test	NOUN
epaa-229	14	19	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	14	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	14	22	publication	publication	NOUN
epaa-229	14	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	14	24	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	14	25	expert	expert	NOUN
epaa-229	14	26	witness	witness	NOUN
epaa-229	14	27	's	's	PART
epaa-229	14	28	research	research	NOUN
epaa-229	14	29	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	14	30	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-229	14	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	14	33	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	14	34	rand	rand	NOUN
epaa-229	14	35	corporation	corporation	NOUN
epaa-229	14	36	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-229	14	37	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	14	38	analyzed	analyze	VERB
epaa-229	14	39	test	test	NOUN
epaa-229	14	40	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-229	14	41	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	14	42	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-229	14	43	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	14	44	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-229	14	45	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	14	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	14	47	civil	civil	ADJ
epaa-229	14	48	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	49	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-229	14	50	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
epaa-229	14	51	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	14	52	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	14	53	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	54	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	14	55	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	14	56	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	14	57	a	a	DET
epaa-229	14	58	gatekeeper	gatekeeper	NOUN
epaa-229	14	59	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	14	60	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	14	61	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	14	62	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	14	63	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	64	gi	gi	INTJ
epaa-229	14	65	forum	forum	PROPN
epaa-229	14	66	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-229	14	67	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-229	14	68	education	education	PROPN
epaa-229	14	69	agency	agency	NOUN
epaa-229	14	70	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	71	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	14	72	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	73	grissmer	grissmer	NOUN
epaa-229	14	74	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	75	flanagan	flanagan	NOUN
epaa-229	14	76	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	77	kawata	kawata	PROPN
epaa-229	14	78	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	79	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	14	80	williamson	williamson	PROPN
epaa-229	14	81	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	82	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	14	83	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	84	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-229	14	85	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	86	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	14	87	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	88	klein	klein	PROPN
epaa-229	14	89	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	90	hamilton	hamilton	PROPN
epaa-229	14	91	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	92	mccaffrey	mccaffrey	PROPN
epaa-229	14	93	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	94	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	14	95	stecher	stecher	PROPN
epaa-229	14	96	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	97	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	14	98	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	99	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	14	100	research	research	PROPN
epaa-229	14	101	council	council	PROPN
epaa-229	14	102	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	103	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	14	104	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	14	105	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	15	1	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-229	15	2	's	's	PART
epaa-229	15	3	state	state	NOUN
epaa-229	15	4	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	15	5	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	15	6	passed	pass	VERB
epaa-229	15	7	judicial	judicial	ADJ
epaa-229	15	8	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	15	9	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	15	10	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
epaa-229	15	11	not	not	PART
epaa-229	15	12	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	15	13	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	15	14	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	15	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	16	1	various	various	ADJ
epaa-229	16	2	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	16	3	state	state	NOUN
epaa-229	16	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	16	5	agencies	agency	NOUN
epaa-229	16	6	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	16	7	retreated	retreat	VERB
epaa-229	16	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	16	9	fast	fast	ADJ
epaa-229	16	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-229	16	11	schedules	schedule	NOUN
epaa-229	16	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	16	13	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	16	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	16	15	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	16	16	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	16	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	16	18	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-229	16	19	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	16	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	16	21	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-229	16	22	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	16	23	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	16	24	attracted	attract	VERB
epaa-229	16	25	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-229	16	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	17	1	lisa	lisa	PROPN
epaa-229	17	2	keegan	keegan	PROPN
epaa-229	17	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	17	4	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-229	17	5	's	's	PART
epaa-229	17	6	former	former	ADJ
epaa-229	17	7	superintendent	superintendent	NOUN
epaa-229	17	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	17	9	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	17	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	17	11	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	17	12	notable	notable	ADJ
epaa-229	17	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	17	14	shifting	shift	VERB
epaa-229	17	15	her	her	PRON
epaa-229	17	16	ground	ground	NOUN
epaa-229	17	17	several	several	ADJ
epaa-229	17	18	times	time	NOUN
epaa-229	17	19	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	17	20	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-229	17	21	questioned	question	VERB
epaa-229	17	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	17	23	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-229	17	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	17	25	test	test	NOUN
epaa-229	17	26	results	result	NOUN
epaa-229	17	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	17	28	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-229	17	29	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	17	30	weak	weak	ADJ
epaa-229	17	31	connection	connection	NOUN
epaa-229	17	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	17	33	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	17	34	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	17	35	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	17	36	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	17	37	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-229	17	38	the	the	DET
epaa-229	17	39	tenth	tenth	ADJ
epaa-229	17	40	graders	grader	NOUN
epaa-229	17	41	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-229	17	42	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	17	43	the	the	DET
epaa-229	17	44	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	17	45	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	17	46	kossan	kossan	NOUN
epaa-229	17	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	17	48	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	17	49	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	17	50	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	17	51	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	17	52	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	17	53	used	use	VERB
epaa-229	17	54	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	17	55	the	the	DET
epaa-229	17	56	workforce	workforce	NOUN
epaa-229	17	57	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	17	58	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-229	17	59	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	17	60	edholm	edholm	NOUN
epaa-229	17	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	17	62	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-229	17	63	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	17	64	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	18	2	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	18	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	18	4	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-229	18	5	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	18	6	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	18	7	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	18	8	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	18	9	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	18	10	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	18	11	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-229	18	12	like	like	ADP
epaa-229	18	13	deja	deja	X
epaa-229	18	14	vu	vu	X
epaa-229	18	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	18	16	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	18	17	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	18	18	remember	remember	VERB
epaa-229	18	19	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-229	18	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	18	21	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-229	18	22	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-229	18	23	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	18	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	18	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	18	26	1970s	1970	NOUN
epaa-229	18	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	18	28	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	18	29	1980s	1980	NOUN
epaa-229	18	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	31	debra	debra	PROPN
epaa-229	18	32	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	18	33	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-229	18	34	turlington	turlington	PROPN
epaa-229	18	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	36	1981	1981	NUM
epaa-229	18	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	38	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-229	18	39	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	40	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-229	18	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	42	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	18	43	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	44	madaus	madau	NOUN
epaa-229	18	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	46	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-229	18	47	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	48	mcdill	mcdill	NOUN
epaa-229	18	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	50	natriello	natriello	PROPN
epaa-229	18	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	52	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	18	53	pallas	pallas	PROPN
epaa-229	18	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	55	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	18	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	57	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-229	18	58	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	59	pullin	pullin	PROPN
epaa-229	18	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	61	1981	1981	NUM
epaa-229	18	62	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	63	salganik	salganik	NOUN
epaa-229	18	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	65	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	18	66	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	67	turlington	turlington	PROPN
epaa-229	18	68	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	69	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	18	70	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	18	71	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	19	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	19	2	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	19	3	script	script	NOUN
epaa-229	19	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	19	5	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	19	6	so	so	ADV
epaa-229	19	7	to	to	PART
epaa-229	19	8	speak	speak	VERB
epaa-229	19	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	19	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	19	11	familiar	familiar	ADJ
epaa-229	19	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	20	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	20	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	20	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	20	4	case	case	NOUN
epaa-229	20	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	20	6	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-229	20	7	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-229	20	8	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	20	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	20	10	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-229	20	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	20	12	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	20	13	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	20	14	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	20	15	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-229	20	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	20	17	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	20	18	must	must	AUX
epaa-229	20	19	test	test	VERB
epaa-229	20	20	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	20	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	20	22	to	to	PART
epaa-229	20	23	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-229	20	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	20	25	a	a	DET
epaa-229	20	26	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	20	27	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	20	28	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	20	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	20	30	means	mean	VERB
epaa-229	20	31	something	something	PRON
epaa-229	20	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	20	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	21	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	21	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	21	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	21	4	1980s	1980	NOUN
epaa-229	21	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	21	6	others	other	NOUN
epaa-229	21	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	21	8	concerned	concern	VERB
epaa-229	21	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	21	10	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	21	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	21	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	21	13	a	a	DET
epaa-229	21	14	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-229	21	15	barrier	barrier	NOUN
epaa-229	21	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	21	17	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	21	18	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	21	19	encourages	encourage	VERB
epaa-229	21	20	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	21	21	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	21	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	21	23	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	21	24	differential	differential	ADJ
epaa-229	21	25	impacts	impact	NOUN
epaa-229	21	26	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	21	27	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-229	21	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	21	29	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-229	21	30	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	21	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	22	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	22	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	22	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	22	4	1980s	1980	NOUN
epaa-229	22	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	22	6	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-229	22	7	existing	exist	VERB
epaa-229	22	8	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-229	22	9	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	22	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	22	11	used	use	VERB
epaa-229	22	12	to	to	PART
epaa-229	22	13	answer	answer	VERB
epaa-229	22	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	22	15	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-229	22	16	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-229	22	17	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	22	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	22	19	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-229	22	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	22	21	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	22	22	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	22	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	22	24	doubtful	doubtful	ADJ
epaa-229	22	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	23	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	23	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	23	3	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	23	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	23	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	23	6	1980s	1980s	NUM
epaa-229	23	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	23	8	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	23	9	major	major	ADJ
epaa-229	23	10	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-229	23	11	court	court	NOUN
epaa-229	23	12	case	case	NOUN
epaa-229	23	13	left	leave	VERB
epaa-229	23	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	23	15	test	test	NOUN
epaa-229	23	16	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	23	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	23	18	a	a	DET
epaa-229	23	19	large	large	ADJ
epaa-229	23	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-229	23	21	essentially	essentially	ADV
epaa-229	23	22	intact	intact	ADJ
epaa-229	23	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	24	1	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	24	2	an	an	DET
epaa-229	24	3	historian	historian	NOUN
epaa-229	24	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	24	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	24	6	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	24	7	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	24	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	24	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	24	10	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	24	11	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	24	12	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	24	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	24	14	a	a	DET
epaa-229	24	15	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-229	24	16	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
epaa-229	24	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	24	18	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	24	19	only	only	ADV
epaa-229	24	20	take	take	VERB
epaa-229	24	21	place	place	NOUN
epaa-229	24	22	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	24	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	24	24	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-229	24	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	24	26	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	24	27	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	24	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	25	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	25	2	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
epaa-229	25	3	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	25	4	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	25	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	25	6	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	25	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	25	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	25	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	25	10	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	25	11	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	25	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	25	13	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	25	14	could	could	AUX
epaa-229	25	15	not	not	PART
epaa-229	25	16	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	25	17	existed	exist	VERB
epaa-229	25	18	a	a	DET
epaa-229	25	19	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	25	20	ago	ago	ADV
epaa-229	25	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	26	1	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	26	2	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	26	3	attended	attend	VERB
epaa-229	26	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	26	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	26	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	26	7	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	26	8	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	26	9	not	not	PART
epaa-229	26	10	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-229	26	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	26	12	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	26	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	26	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	26	15	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-229	26	16	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	26	17	utopian	utopian	ADJ
epaa-229	26	18	writer	writer	PROPN
epaa-229	26	19	edward	edward	PROPN
epaa-229	26	20	bellamy	bellamy	PROPN
epaa-229	26	21	had	have	AUX
epaa-229	26	22	coined	coin	VERB
epaa-229	26	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	26	24	expression	expression	NOUN
epaa-229	26	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	26	26	to	to	PART
epaa-229	26	27	drop	drop	VERB
epaa-229	26	28	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	26	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	26	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	26	31	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	26	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	26	33	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	26	34	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	26	35	not	not	PART
epaa-229	26	36	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	26	37	the	the	DET
epaa-229	26	38	dominant	dominant	ADJ
epaa-229	26	39	form	form	NOUN
epaa-229	26	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	26	41	describing	describe	VERB
epaa-229	26	42	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	26	43	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	26	44	leave	leave	VERB
epaa-229	26	45	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	26	46	until	until	ADP
epaa-229	26	47	the	the	DET
epaa-229	26	48	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	26	49	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	26	50	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	26	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	26	52	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	26	53	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	26	54	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	26	55	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	26	56	johanningmeier	johanningmeier	PROPN
epaa-229	26	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	26	58	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	26	59	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	26	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	27	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	27	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	27	3	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	27	4	forty	forty	NUM
epaa-229	27	5	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	27	6	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	27	7	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	27	8	not	not	PART
epaa-229	27	9	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	27	10	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	27	11	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	27	12	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-229	27	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	27	14	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-229	27	15	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	27	16	written	write	VERB
epaa-229	27	17	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	27	18	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	27	19	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	27	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	27	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	27	22	serious	serious	ADJ
epaa-229	27	23	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	27	24	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	27	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	28	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	28	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	28	3	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	28	4	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	28	5	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	28	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	28	7	some	some	PRON
epaa-229	28	8	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	28	9	renewed	renew	VERB
epaa-229	28	10	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	28	11	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	28	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	28	13	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-229	28	14	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	28	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	28	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	28	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	28	18	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	28	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	28	20	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-229	28	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	28	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	28	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	28	24	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	28	25	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	28	26	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	28	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	28	28	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-229	28	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	28	30	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-229	28	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	28	32	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	28	33	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	28	34	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	28	35	research	research	PROPN
epaa-229	28	36	council	council	PROPN
epaa-229	28	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	28	38	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	28	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	28	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	29	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	29	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	29	3	notable	notable	ADJ
epaa-229	29	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	29	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	29	6	apparent	apparent	ADJ
epaa-229	29	7	contradiction	contradiction	NOUN
epaa-229	29	8	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	29	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	29	10	putative	putative	ADJ
epaa-229	29	11	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	29	12	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	29	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	29	14	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-229	29	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	29	16	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-229	29	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	29	18	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	29	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	29	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	29	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	29	22	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	29	23	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-229	29	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	29	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	29	26	the	the	DET
epaa-229	29	27	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-229	29	28	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	29	29	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	29	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	29	31	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-229	29	32	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	29	33	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	29	34	3	3	NUM
epaa-229	29	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	29	36	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	29	37	the	the	DET
epaa-229	29	38	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
epaa-229	29	39	used	use	VERB
epaa-229	29	40	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	29	41	both	both	DET
epaa-229	29	42	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	29	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	29	44	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	29	45	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-229	29	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	29	47	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	29	48	states	state	NOUN
epaa-229	29	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	30	1	this	this	DET
epaa-229	30	2	paradox	paradox	NOUN
epaa-229	30	3	has	have	VERB
epaa-229	30	4	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	30	5	roots	root	NOUN
epaa-229	30	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	30	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	30	8	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	30	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	30	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	30	11	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	30	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	30	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	30	14	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	30	15	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	30	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	30	17	changing	change	VERB
epaa-229	30	18	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	30	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	30	20	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	30	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	31	1	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	31	2	topics	topic	NOUN
epaa-229	31	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	31	4	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	31	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	31	6	tying	tie	VERB
epaa-229	31	7	together	together	ADV
epaa-229	31	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	31	9	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	31	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	31	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	31	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	31	13	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	31	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	31	15	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
epaa-229	31	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	31	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	31	18	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	31	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	31	20	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	31	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	32	1	first	first	ADV
epaa-229	32	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	32	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	32	4	statistical	statistical	ADJ
epaa-229	32	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-229	32	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	32	7	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	32	8	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-229	32	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	32	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	32	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	32	12	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	32	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	32	14	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	32	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	32	16	insofar	insofar	ADV
epaa-229	32	17	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	32	18	sociologists	sociologist	NOUN
epaa-229	32	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	32	20	demographers	demographer	NOUN
epaa-229	32	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	32	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	32	23	historians	historian	NOUN
epaa-229	32	24	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	32	25	gathered	gather	VERB
epaa-229	32	26	them	they	PRON
epaa-229	32	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	33	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	33	2	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-229	33	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	33	4	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	33	5	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	33	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	33	7	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	33	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	33	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	33	10	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	33	11	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-229	33	12	dramatically	dramatically	ADV
epaa-229	33	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	33	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	33	15	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	33	16	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	33	17	thirds	third	NOUN
epaa-229	33	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	33	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	33	20	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	33	21	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	33	22	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	33	23	stabilized	stabilize	VERB
epaa-229	33	24	since	since	ADV
epaa-229	33	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	34	1	second	second	ADJ
epaa-229	34	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	34	3	a	a	DET
epaa-229	34	4	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	34	5	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	34	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	34	7	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
epaa-229	34	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	34	9	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	34	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	35	1	apart	apart	ADV
epaa-229	35	2	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	35	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	35	4	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	35	5	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	35	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	35	7	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	35	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	35	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	35	10	ged	ge	VERB
epaa-229	35	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	35	12	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	35	13	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	35	14	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	35	15	little	little	ADJ
epaa-229	35	16	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	35	17	not	not	PART
epaa-229	35	18	only	only	ADV
epaa-229	35	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	35	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	35	21	growing	grow	VERB
epaa-229	35	22	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	35	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	35	24	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	35	25	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	35	26	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	35	27	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	35	28	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	35	29	that	that	DET
epaa-229	35	30	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	35	31	fits	fit	VERB
epaa-229	35	32	into	into	ADP
epaa-229	35	33	the	the	DET
epaa-229	35	34	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-229	35	35	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	35	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	35	37	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-229	35	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	35	39	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	35	40	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	35	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	35	42	the	the	DET
epaa-229	35	43	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-229	35	44	..	..	PROPN
epaa-229	35	45	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	35	46	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	35	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	35	48	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	35	49	better	well	ADJ
epaa-229	35	50	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	35	51	worse	bad	ADJ
epaa-229	35	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	35	53	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	35	54	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-229	35	55	to	to	PART
epaa-229	35	56	make	make	VERB
epaa-229	35	57	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-229	35	58	distinctions	distinction	NOUN
epaa-229	35	59	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	35	60	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	35	61	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	35	62	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	35	63	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-229	35	64	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	35	65	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	35	66	to	to	PART
epaa-229	35	67	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-229	35	68	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	35	69	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	35	70	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	35	71	a	a	DET
epaa-229	35	72	single	single	ADJ
epaa-229	35	73	credential	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	35	74	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	36	1	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	36	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	36	3	an	an	DET
epaa-229	36	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	36	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	36	6	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	36	7	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	36	8	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	36	9	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	36	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	36	11	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	36	12	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	36	13	reflects	reflect	VERB
epaa-229	36	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	36	15	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-229	36	16	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	36	17	expectation	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	36	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	36	19	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	36	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	37	1	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	37	2	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	37	3	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-229	37	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	37	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	37	6	latest	late	ADJ
epaa-229	37	7	form	form	NOUN
epaa-229	37	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	37	9	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	37	10	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	37	11	place	place	VERB
epaa-229	37	12	our	our	PRON
epaa-229	37	13	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	37	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	37	15	schooling	school	VERB
epaa-229	37	16	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	37	17	broadly	broadly	ADV
epaa-229	37	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	38	1	our	our	PRON
epaa-229	38	2	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-229	38	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	38	4	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	38	5	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	38	6	solve	solve	VERB
epaa-229	38	7	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	38	8	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	38	9	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	38	10	colored	color	VERB
epaa-229	38	11	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-229	38	12	images	image	NOUN
epaa-229	38	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	38	14	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	38	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	38	16	continues	continue	VERB
epaa-229	38	17	to	to	PART
epaa-229	38	18	shape	shape	VERB
epaa-229	38	19	official	official	ADJ
epaa-229	38	20	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	38	21	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	38	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	38	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	38	24	explains	explain	VERB
epaa-229	38	25	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	38	26	the	the	DET
epaa-229	38	27	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	38	28	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	38	29	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	38	30	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	38	31	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	38	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	38	33	historically	historically	ADV
epaa-229	38	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	38	35	omitted	omit	VERB
epaa-229	38	36	key	key	ADJ
epaa-229	38	37	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-229	38	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	39	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	39	2	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	39	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	39	4	several	several	ADJ
epaa-229	39	5	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	39	6	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-229	39	7	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	39	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	39	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-229	39	10	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	39	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	39	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	39	13	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	39	14	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	39	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	39	16	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	39	17	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	39	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	40	1	first	first	ADV
epaa-229	40	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	40	3	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	40	4	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	40	5	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	40	6	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	40	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	40	8	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-229	40	9	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	40	10	an	an	DET
epaa-229	40	11	indirect	indirect	ADJ
epaa-229	40	12	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	40	13	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	40	14	a	a	DET
epaa-229	40	15	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-229	40	16	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	40	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	40	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	40	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	40	20	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	40	21	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	40	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	41	1	a	a	DET
epaa-229	41	2	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-229	41	3	web	web	NOUN
epaa-229	41	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	41	5	influences	influence	NOUN
epaa-229	41	6	shapes	shape	NOUN
epaa-229	41	7	entrances	entrance	NOUN
epaa-229	41	8	into	into	ADP
epaa-229	41	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	41	10	exits	exit	VERB
epaa-229	41	11	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	41	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	41	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	41	14	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	41	15	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	41	16	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	41	17	engagement	engagement	NOUN
epaa-229	41	18	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	41	19	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-229	41	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	42	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	42	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	42	3	these	these	DET
epaa-229	42	4	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-229	42	5	known	know	VERB
epaa-229	42	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	42	7	historians	historian	NOUN
epaa-229	42	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	42	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	42	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	42	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	42	12	reciprocal	reciprocal	ADJ
epaa-229	42	13	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-229	42	14	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	42	15	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	42	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	42	17	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	42	18	participation	participation	NOUN
epaa-229	42	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	42	20	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	42	21	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	42	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	42	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	42	24	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	42	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	42	26	this	this	DET
epaa-229	42	27	type	type	NOUN
epaa-229	42	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	42	29	push	push	NOUN
epaa-229	42	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	42	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	42	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	42	33	pull	pull	VERB
epaa-229	42	34	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-229	42	35	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	42	36	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	42	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	42	38	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	42	39	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	42	40	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	42	41	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-229	42	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	43	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	43	2	barriers	barrier	NOUN
epaa-229	43	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	43	4	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-229	43	5	promotion	promotion	NOUN
epaa-229	43	6	result	result	NOUN
epaa-229	43	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	43	8	a	a	DET
epaa-229	43	9	large	large	ADJ
epaa-229	43	10	group	group	NOUN
epaa-229	43	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	43	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	43	13	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	43	14	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	43	15	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-229	43	16	unable	unable	ADJ
epaa-229	43	17	to	to	PART
epaa-229	43	18	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	43	19	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	43	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	43	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	43	22	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	43	23	19	19	NUM
epaa-229	43	24	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	43	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	43	26	age	age	NOUN
epaa-229	43	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	43	28	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	43	29	the	the	DET
epaa-229	43	30	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-229	43	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	43	32	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	43	33	age	age	NOUN
epaa-229	43	34	peers	peer	NOUN
epaa-229	43	35	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	43	36	already	already	ADV
epaa-229	43	37	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	43	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	43	39	left	leave	VERB
epaa-229	43	40	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	43	41	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	43	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	43	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	43	44	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	43	45	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-229	43	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	43	47	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-229	43	48	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	43	49	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	43	50	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	43	51	beckon	beckon	VERB
epaa-229	43	52	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-229	43	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	44	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	44	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-229	44	3	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-229	44	4	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-229	44	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	44	6	this	this	DET
epaa-229	44	7	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	44	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	44	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	44	10	this	this	DET
epaa-229	44	11	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
epaa-229	44	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	44	13	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	44	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	44	15	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-229	44	16	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	44	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	44	18	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-229	44	19	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	44	20	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
epaa-229	44	21	level	level	NOUN
epaa-229	44	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	44	23	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	44	24	mask	mask	VERB
epaa-229	44	25	continuing	continue	VERB
epaa-229	44	26	inequalities	inequality	NOUN
epaa-229	44	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	44	28	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	44	29	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-229	44	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	45	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	45	2	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-229	45	3	to	to	PART
epaa-229	45	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	45	5	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	45	6	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-229	45	7	to	to	PART
epaa-229	45	8	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-229	45	9	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	45	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	45	11	various	various	ADJ
epaa-229	45	12	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-229	45	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	45	14	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	45	15	various	various	ADJ
epaa-229	45	16	times	time	NOUN
epaa-229	45	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	45	18	life	life	NOUN
epaa-229	45	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	46	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	46	3	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	46	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	46	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	46	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	46	7	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	46	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	46	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	46	10	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	46	11	attending	attend	VERB
epaa-229	46	12	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	46	13	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	46	14	some	some	DET
epaa-229	46	15	point	point	NOUN
epaa-229	46	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	46	17	life	life	NOUN
epaa-229	46	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	46	19	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	46	20	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	46	21	claim	claim	VERB
epaa-229	46	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	46	23	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	46	24	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	46	25	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	46	26	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	46	27	merely	merely	ADV
epaa-229	46	28	an	an	DET
epaa-229	46	29	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
epaa-229	46	30	step	step	NOUN
epaa-229	46	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	46	32	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-229	46	33	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	46	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	47	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	47	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	47	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	47	4	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	47	5	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	47	6	say	say	VERB
epaa-229	47	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	47	8	just	just	ADV
epaa-229	47	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	47	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	47	11	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	47	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	47	13	something	something	PRON
epaa-229	47	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	47	15	has	have	VERB
epaa-229	47	16	a	a	DET
epaa-229	47	17	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-229	47	18	payoff	payoff	NOUN
epaa-229	47	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	47	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	47	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	47	22	same	same	ADJ
epaa-229	47	23	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	47	24	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	47	25	completing	complete	VERB
epaa-229	47	26	eighth	eighth	ADJ
epaa-229	47	27	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-229	47	28	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	47	29	ceased	cease	VERB
epaa-229	47	30	to	to	PART
epaa-229	47	31	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	47	32	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-229	47	33	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	47	34	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	47	35	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	47	36	'	'	PART
epaa-229	47	37	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	47	38	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	47	39	term	term	NOUN
epaa-229	47	40	future	future	NOUN
epaa-229	47	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	48	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	48	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	48	3	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	48	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	48	5	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	48	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	48	7	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	48	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	48	9	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	48	10	a	a	DET
epaa-229	48	11	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
epaa-229	48	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	48	13	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	48	14	advanced	advanced	ADJ
epaa-229	48	15	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-229	48	16	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	48	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	48	18	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	48	19	must	must	AUX
epaa-229	48	20	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	48	21	pay	pay	VERB
epaa-229	48	22	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-229	48	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	48	24	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	48	25	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	48	26	a	a	DET
epaa-229	48	27	gateway	gateway	NOUN
epaa-229	48	28	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	48	29	schooling	school	VERB
epaa-229	48	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	48	31	adulthood	adulthood	NOUN
epaa-229	48	32	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	48	33	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	48	34	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	48	35	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-229	48	36	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	48	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	48	38	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	48	39	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	48	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	48	41	raising	raise	VERB
epaa-229	48	42	barriers	barrier	NOUN
epaa-229	48	43	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	48	44	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	48	45	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	48	46	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	48	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	49	1	third	third	ADJ
epaa-229	49	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	49	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	49	4	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	49	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	49	6	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	49	7	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	49	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	49	9	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-229	49	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	49	11	demography	demography	NOUN
epaa-229	49	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	49	13	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	49	14	a	a	DET
epaa-229	49	15	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	49	16	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	49	17	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	49	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	49	19	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	49	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	49	21	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-229	49	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	49	23	disentangling	disentangle	VERB
epaa-229	49	24	key	key	ADJ
epaa-229	49	25	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-229	49	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	50	1	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	50	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	50	3	public	public	NOUN
epaa-229	50	4	intelligently	intelligently	ADV
epaa-229	50	5	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-229	50	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	50	7	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	50	8	values	value	NOUN
epaa-229	50	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	50	10	a	a	DET
epaa-229	50	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	50	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	50	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	50	14	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	50	15	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	50	16	north	north	PROPN
epaa-229	50	17	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	50	18	society	society	NOUN
epaa-229	50	19	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	50	20	conflated	conflate	VERB
epaa-229	50	21	them	they	PRON
epaa-229	50	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	50	23	almost	almost	ADV
epaa-229	50	24	forty	forty	NUM
epaa-229	50	25	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	50	26	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	51	2	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	51	3	inherited	inherit	VERB
epaa-229	51	4	a	a	DET
epaa-229	51	5	legacy	legacy	NOUN
epaa-229	51	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	51	7	viewing	view	VERB
epaa-229	51	8	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	51	9	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	51	10	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-229	51	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	51	12	a	a	DET
epaa-229	51	13	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	51	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	51	15	human	human	ADJ
epaa-229	51	16	capital	capital	NOUN
epaa-229	51	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	18	ignoring	ignore	VERB
epaa-229	51	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	51	20	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-229	51	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	51	22	credentialism	credentialism	NOUN
epaa-229	51	23	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	24	a	a	DET
epaa-229	51	25	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	51	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	51	27	future	future	ADJ
epaa-229	51	28	dependency	dependency	NOUN
epaa-229	51	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	30	diminishing	diminish	VERB
epaa-229	51	31	the	the	DET
epaa-229	51	32	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-229	51	33	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	51	34	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	51	36	a	a	DET
epaa-229	51	37	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	51	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	51	39	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-229	51	40	psychology	psychology	NOUN
epaa-229	51	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	42	effacing	efface	VERB
epaa-229	51	43	the	the	DET
epaa-229	51	44	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	51	45	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	51	46	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-229	51	47	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	51	48	rumberger	rumberger	NOUN
epaa-229	51	49	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	50	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	51	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	52	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-229	51	53	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	55	among	among	ADP
epaa-229	51	56	others	other	NOUN
epaa-229	51	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	58	has	have	VERB
epaa-229	51	59	4	4	NUM
epaa-229	51	60	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	51	61	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	51	62	described	describe	VERB
epaa-229	51	63	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	51	64	the	the	DET
epaa-229	51	65	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	51	66	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	67	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	51	68	a	a	DET
epaa-229	51	69	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	51	70	whose	whose	DET
epaa-229	51	71	solution	solution	NOUN
epaa-229	51	72	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	51	73	less	less	ADV
epaa-229	51	74	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	51	75	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	51	76	establishing	establish	VERB
epaa-229	51	77	the	the	DET
epaa-229	51	78	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	79	worth	worth	NOUN
epaa-229	51	80	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	81	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	51	82	a	a	DET
epaa-229	51	83	credential	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	51	84	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	51	85	overlooking	overlook	VERB
epaa-229	51	86	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	51	87	the	the	DET
epaa-229	51	88	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	51	89	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	51	90	intimately	intimately	ADV
epaa-229	51	91	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-229	51	92	together	together	ADV
epaa-229	51	93	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	52	1	open	open	ADJ
epaa-229	52	2	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	52	3	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	52	4	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	52	5	honestly	honestly	ADV
epaa-229	52	6	face	face	VERB
epaa-229	52	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	52	8	dilemmas	dilemma	NOUN
epaa-229	52	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	52	10	a	a	DET
epaa-229	52	11	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-229	52	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	52	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	52	14	a	a	DET
epaa-229	52	15	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	52	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	52	17	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	52	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	52	19	environment	environment	NOUN
epaa-229	52	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	52	21	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	52	22	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	52	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	52	24	barriers	barrier	NOUN
epaa-229	52	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	52	26	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	52	27	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	52	28	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	52	29	massive	massive	ADJ
epaa-229	52	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	52	31	cremin	cremin	NOUN
epaa-229	52	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	52	33	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-229	52	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	52	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	53	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	53	2	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	53	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	53	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	53	5	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	53	6	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-229	53	7	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
epaa-229	53	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	53	9	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-229	53	10	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-229	53	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	53	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	53	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	53	14	credential	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	53	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	53	16	an	an	DET
epaa-229	53	17	exchangeable	exchangeable	ADJ
epaa-229	53	18	result	result	NOUN
epaa-229	53	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	53	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	53	21	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	53	22	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	53	23	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	53	24	better	well	ADJ
epaa-229	53	25	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	53	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	53	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	53	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	53	29	the	the	DET
epaa-229	53	30	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	53	31	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-229	53	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	53	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	53	34	the	the	DET
epaa-229	53	35	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-229	53	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	53	37	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	53	38	a	a	DET
epaa-229	53	39	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	53	40	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	53	41	take	take	VERB
epaa-229	53	42	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	53	43	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	53	44	to	to	PART
epaa-229	53	45	use	use	VERB
epaa-229	53	46	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-229	53	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	53	48	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	53	49	the	the	DET
epaa-229	53	50	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	53	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	54	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	54	2	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	54	3	inherited	inherit	VERB
epaa-229	54	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	54	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	54	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	54	7	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	54	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	54	9	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	54	10	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	54	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	54	12	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	54	13	development	development	NOUN
epaa-229	54	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	54	15	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	54	16	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	54	17	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	54	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	54	19	an	an	DET
epaa-229	54	20	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-229	54	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	54	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	54	23	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	54	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	54	25	a	a	DET
epaa-229	54	26	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	54	27	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	54	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	54	29	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	54	30	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	54	31	synonymous	synonymous	ADJ
epaa-229	54	32	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	54	33	the	the	DET
epaa-229	54	34	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-229	54	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	54	36	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	54	37	a	a	DET
epaa-229	54	38	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	54	39	presumably	presumably	ADV
epaa-229	54	40	gains	gain	VERB
epaa-229	54	41	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	54	42	schooling	school	VERB
epaa-229	54	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	55	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	55	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	55	3	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	55	4	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	55	5	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	55	6	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	55	7	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	55	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	55	9	a	a	DET
epaa-229	55	10	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	55	11	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	55	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	55	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	55	14	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	55	15	came	come	VERB
epaa-229	55	16	statistical	statistical	ADJ
epaa-229	55	17	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-229	55	18	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	55	19	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	55	20	much	much	ADV
epaa-229	55	21	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	55	22	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	55	23	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-229	55	24	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	55	25	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	55	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	55	27	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	55	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	55	29	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	55	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	55	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	56	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	56	2	existence	existence	NOUN
epaa-229	56	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	56	4	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	56	5	explanations	explanation	NOUN
epaa-229	56	6	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	56	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	56	8	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-229	56	9	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-229	56	10	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	56	11	to	to	PART
epaa-229	56	12	sort	sort	VERB
epaa-229	56	13	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	56	14	queues	queue	NOUN
epaa-229	56	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	56	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	56	17	example	example	NOUN
epaa-229	56	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	56	19	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	56	20	preexisting	preexist	VERB
epaa-229	56	21	advantages	advantage	NOUN
epaa-229	56	22	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	56	23	correlated	correlate	VERB
epaa-229	56	24	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-229	56	25	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	56	26	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	56	27	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	56	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	56	29	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	56	30	adult	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	56	31	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	56	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	56	33	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	56	34	success	success	NOUN
epaa-229	56	35	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	56	36	remained	remain	VERB
epaa-229	56	37	obscure	obscure	ADJ
epaa-229	56	38	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	56	39	invisible	invisible	ADJ
epaa-229	56	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	57	1	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	57	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	57	3	same	same	ADJ
epaa-229	57	4	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	57	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	57	6	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-229	57	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	57	8	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-229	57	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	57	10	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	57	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	57	12	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	57	13	invented	invent	VERB
epaa-229	57	14	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	57	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	57	16	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	57	17	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-229	57	18	to	to	PART
epaa-229	57	19	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
epaa-229	57	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	57	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	57	22	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-229	57	23	implicitly	implicitly	ADV
epaa-229	57	24	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	57	25	tracking	tracking	NOUN
epaa-229	57	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	57	27	the	the	DET
epaa-229	57	28	creation	creation	NOUN
epaa-229	57	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	57	30	selective	selective	ADJ
epaa-229	57	31	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-229	57	32	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	57	33	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
epaa-229	57	34	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	57	35	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	57	36	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	57	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	58	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	58	2	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	58	3	fifteen	fifteen	NUM
epaa-229	58	4	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	58	5	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	58	6	witnessed	witness	VERB
epaa-229	58	7	an	an	DET
epaa-229	58	8	expansion	expansion	NOUN
epaa-229	58	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	58	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	58	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	58	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	58	13	exit	exit	NOUN
epaa-229	58	14	documents	document	NOUN
epaa-229	58	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	58	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	58	17	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-229	58	18	this	this	PRON
epaa-229	58	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	58	20	a	a	DET
epaa-229	58	21	unique	unique	ADJ
epaa-229	58	22	moment	moment	NOUN
epaa-229	58	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	58	24	the	the	DET
epaa-229	58	25	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	58	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	58	27	the	the	DET
epaa-229	58	28	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	58	29	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	58	30	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	58	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	58	32	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	58	33	fits	fit	VERB
epaa-229	58	34	into	into	ADP
epaa-229	58	35	the	the	DET
epaa-229	58	36	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-229	58	37	pattern	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	58	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	58	39	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	58	40	to	to	PART
epaa-229	58	41	solve	solve	VERB
epaa-229	58	42	the	the	DET
epaa-229	58	43	pressures	pressure	NOUN
epaa-229	58	44	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	58	45	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	58	46	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	58	47	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-229	58	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	59	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	59	2	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	59	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	59	4	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-229	59	5	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	59	6	tried	try	VERB
epaa-229	59	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	59	8	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	59	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	59	10	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	59	11	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	59	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	59	13	both	both	PRON
epaa-229	59	14	to	to	PART
epaa-229	59	15	grant	grant	VERB
epaa-229	59	16	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	59	17	access	access	NOUN
epaa-229	59	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	59	19	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	59	20	to	to	PART
epaa-229	59	21	gain	gain	VERB
epaa-229	59	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	59	23	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-229	59	24	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-229	59	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	59	26	restricting	restrict	VERB
epaa-229	59	27	access	access	NOUN
epaa-229	59	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	59	29	the	the	DET
epaa-229	59	30	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	59	31	valued	value	VERB
epaa-229	59	32	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	59	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	60	1	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	60	2	solution	solution	NOUN
epaa-229	60	3	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	60	4	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	60	5	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	60	6	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	60	7	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	60	8	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-229	60	9	our	our	PRON
epaa-229	60	10	society	society	NOUN
epaa-229	60	11	pushes	push	VERB
epaa-229	60	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	60	13	to	to	PART
epaa-229	60	14	achieve	achieve	VERB
epaa-229	60	15	both	both	DET
epaa-229	60	16	ends	end	NOUN
epaa-229	60	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	60	18	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
epaa-229	60	19	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	60	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	60	21	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-229	60	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	60	23	clarity	clarity	NOUN
epaa-229	60	24	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	60	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	60	26	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
epaa-229	60	27	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-229	60	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	60	29	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	60	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	61	1	numbers	number	NOUN
epaa-229	61	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-229	61	3	across	across	ADP
epaa-229	61	4	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	61	5	science	science	NOUN
epaa-229	61	6	disciplines	discipline	NOUN
epaa-229	61	7	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	61	8	come	come	VERB
epaa-229	61	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	61	10	very	very	ADV
epaa-229	61	11	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-229	61	12	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-229	61	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	61	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	61	15	pattern	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	61	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	61	17	earning	earn	VERB
epaa-229	61	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	61	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	61	20	diplomas	diploma	VERB
epaa-229	61	21	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	61	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	61	23	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	61	24	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	61	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	62	1	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-229	62	2	some	some	PRON
epaa-229	62	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	62	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	62	5	details	detail	NOUN
epaa-229	62	6	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-229	62	7	among	among	ADP
epaa-229	62	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	62	9	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-229	62	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	62	11	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	62	12	is	be	VERB
epaa-229	62	13	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	62	14	agreement	agreement	NOUN
epaa-229	62	15	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	62	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	62	17	following	follow	VERB
epaa-229	62	18	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	62	19	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-229	62	20	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	62	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	62	22	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	62	23	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	62	24	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	62	25	witnessed	witness	VERB
epaa-229	62	26	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-229	62	27	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-229	62	28	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	62	29	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	62	30	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	62	31	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	62	32	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	62	33	the	the	DET
epaa-229	62	34	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	62	35	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	62	36	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	62	37	thirds	third	NOUN
epaa-229	62	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	62	39	the	the	DET
epaa-229	62	40	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	62	41	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	62	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	62	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	62	44	stabilization	stabilization	NOUN
epaa-229	62	45	since	since	ADV
epaa-229	62	46	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	62	47	decreased	decrease	VERB
epaa-229	62	48	racial	racial	ADJ
epaa-229	62	49	/	/	SYM
epaa-229	62	50	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
epaa-229	62	51	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	62	52	gender	gender	NOUN
epaa-229	62	53	gaps	gap	NOUN
epaa-229	62	54	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	62	55	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	62	56	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	62	57	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	62	58	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-229	62	59	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	62	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	62	61	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	62	62	persisting	persist	VERB
epaa-229	62	63	racial	racial	ADJ
epaa-229	62	64	gaps	gap	NOUN
epaa-229	62	65	since	since	ADV
epaa-229	62	66	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	62	67	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-229	62	68	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	62	69	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	62	70	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	62	71	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	62	72	the	the	DET
epaa-229	62	73	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	62	74	several	several	ADJ
epaa-229	62	75	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	62	76	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	62	77	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	62	78	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	62	79	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	62	80	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	62	81	earning	earn	VERB
epaa-229	62	82	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	62	83	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	62	84	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	62	85	various	various	ADJ
epaa-229	62	86	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	62	87	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-229	62	88	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	62	89	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	62	90	persistent	persistent	ADJ
epaa-229	62	91	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
epaa-229	62	92	influences	influence	NOUN
epaa-229	62	93	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	62	94	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	62	95	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	63	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	63	2	crucial	crucial	ADJ
epaa-229	63	3	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-229	63	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	63	5	determining	determine	VERB
epaa-229	63	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	63	7	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-229	63	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	63	9	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	63	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	63	11	a	a	DET
epaa-229	63	12	gatekeeper	gatekeeper	NOUN
epaa-229	63	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	63	14	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	63	15	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	63	16	revolve	revolve	NOUN
epaa-229	63	17	around	around	ADP
epaa-229	63	18	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	63	19	these	these	DET
epaa-229	63	20	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	63	21	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	63	22	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-229	63	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	63	24	the	the	DET
epaa-229	63	25	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
epaa-229	63	26	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-229	63	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	63	28	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	63	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	63	30	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	63	31	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	63	32	to	to	PART
epaa-229	63	33	magnify	magnify	VERB
epaa-229	63	34	continuing	continue	VERB
epaa-229	63	35	inequalities	inequality	NOUN
epaa-229	63	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	63	37	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	63	38	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-229	63	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	64	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	64	2	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-229	64	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	64	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	64	5	reciprocal	reciprocal	ADJ
epaa-229	64	6	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-229	64	7	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	64	8	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	64	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	64	10	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	64	11	participation	participation	NOUN
epaa-229	64	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	64	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	64	14	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	64	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	64	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	64	17	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-229	64	18	note	note	NOUN
epaa-229	64	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	64	20	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	64	21	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	64	22	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	64	23	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	64	24	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	64	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	64	26	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	64	27	attractive	attractive	ADJ
epaa-229	64	28	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	64	29	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	64	30	think	think	VERB
epaa-229	64	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	64	32	themselves	themselves	PRON
epaa-229	64	33	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	64	34	further	far	ADV
epaa-229	64	35	away	away	ADV
epaa-229	64	36	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	64	37	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	64	38	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	64	39	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	64	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	65	1	5	5	NUM
epaa-229	65	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	65	3	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	65	4	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	65	5	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-229	65	6	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	65	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	65	8	beginning	beginning	NOUN
epaa-229	65	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	65	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	65	11	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	65	12	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	65	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	65	14	fewer	few	ADJ
epaa-229	65	15	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	65	16	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	65	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	65	18	every	every	DET
epaa-229	65	19	ten	ten	NUM
epaa-229	65	20	adolescents	adolescent	NOUN
epaa-229	65	21	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	65	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	65	23	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	65	24	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	65	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	66	1	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	66	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	66	3	roughly	roughly	ADV
epaa-229	66	4	seven	seven	NUM
epaa-229	66	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	66	6	every	every	DET
epaa-229	66	7	ten	ten	NUM
epaa-229	66	8	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	66	9	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	66	10	expect	expect	VERB
epaa-229	66	11	to	to	PART
epaa-229	66	12	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-229	66	13	a	a	DET
epaa-229	66	14	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	66	15	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	66	16	a	a	DET
epaa-229	66	17	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	66	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	66	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	66	20	program	program	NOUN
epaa-229	66	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	66	22	goldin	goldin	PROPN
epaa-229	66	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	66	24	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	66	25	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	66	26	snyder	snyder	PROPN
epaa-229	66	27	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	66	28	hoffman	hoffman	PROPN
epaa-229	66	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	66	30	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-229	66	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	66	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	67	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	67	2	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-229	67	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	67	4	occurring	occur	VERB
epaa-229	67	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	67	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	67	7	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	67	8	seven	seven	NUM
epaa-229	67	9	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	67	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	67	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	67	12	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	67	13	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	67	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	67	15	represents	represent	VERB
epaa-229	67	16	a	a	DET
epaa-229	67	17	dramatic	dramatic	ADJ
epaa-229	67	18	change	change	NOUN
epaa-229	67	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	67	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	67	21	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	67	22	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	67	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	67	24	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	67	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	67	26	the	the	DET
epaa-229	67	27	united	united	PROPN
epaa-229	67	28	states	states	PROPN
epaa-229	67	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	68	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	68	2	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-229	68	3	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	68	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	68	5	widespread	widespread	ADJ
epaa-229	68	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	68	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	68	8	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ
epaa-229	68	9	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	68	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	68	11	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	68	12	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	68	13	sporadic	sporadic	ADJ
epaa-229	68	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	68	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	68	16	a	a	DET
epaa-229	68	17	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-229	68	18	attended	attend	VERB
epaa-229	68	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	68	20	let	let	VERB
epaa-229	68	21	alone	alone	ADV
epaa-229	68	22	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	68	23	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	68	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	68	25	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-229	68	26	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	68	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	69	1	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	69	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	69	3	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-229	69	4	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	69	5	dominates	dominate	VERB
epaa-229	69	6	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	69	7	's	's	PART
epaa-229	69	8	daily	daily	ADJ
epaa-229	69	9	lives	life	NOUN
epaa-229	69	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	69	11	a	a	DET
epaa-229	69	12	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	69	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	69	14	growing	grow	VERB
epaa-229	69	15	up	up	ADP
epaa-229	69	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	69	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	69	18	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	69	19	a	a	DET
epaa-229	69	20	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	69	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	69	22	dominant	dominant	ADJ
epaa-229	69	23	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-229	69	24	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	69	25	succeeding	succeed	VERB
epaa-229	69	26	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	69	27	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	69	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	70	1	first	first	ADV
epaa-229	70	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	70	3	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	70	4	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	70	5	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-229	70	6	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-229	70	7	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	70	8	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-229	70	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	70	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	70	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	70	12	a	a	DET
epaa-229	70	13	result	result	NOUN
epaa-229	70	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	70	15	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	70	16	circumscribe	circumscribe	VERB
epaa-229	70	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	70	18	lives	life	NOUN
epaa-229	70	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	70	20	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	70	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	70	22	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	70	23	families	family	NOUN
epaa-229	70	24	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	70	25	schedule	schedule	VERB
epaa-229	70	26	vacations	vacation	NOUN
epaa-229	70	27	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	70	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	70	29	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	70	30	calendar	calendar	NOUN
epaa-229	70	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	70	32	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-229	70	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	70	34	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	70	35	plan	plan	VERB
epaa-229	70	36	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	70	37	daily	daily	ADJ
epaa-229	70	38	lives	life	NOUN
epaa-229	70	39	around	around	ADP
epaa-229	70	40	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	70	41	schedules	schedule	NOUN
epaa-229	70	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	71	1	second	second	ADJ
epaa-229	71	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	71	3	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	71	4	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-229	71	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	71	6	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	71	7	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	71	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	71	9	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	71	10	childhood	childhood	NOUN
epaa-229	71	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	72	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	72	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
epaa-229	72	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	72	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	72	5	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	72	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	72	7	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	72	8	hundred	hundred	NUM
epaa-229	72	9	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	72	10	ago	ago	ADV
epaa-229	72	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	72	12	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	72	13	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	72	14	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-229	72	15	left	leave	VERB
epaa-229	72	16	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-229	72	17	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	72	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	72	19	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	72	20	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	72	21	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	72	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	72	23	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	72	24	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	72	25	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	72	26	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-229	72	27	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	72	28	until	until	SCONJ
epaa-229	72	29	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	72	30	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	72	31	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-229	72	32	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	72	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	73	1	third	third	ADV
epaa-229	73	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	73	3	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	73	4	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	73	5	a	a	DET
epaa-229	73	6	route	route	NOUN
epaa-229	73	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	73	8	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-229	73	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	73	10	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	73	11	success	success	NOUN
epaa-229	73	12	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	73	13	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	73	14	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	73	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	73	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	73	17	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	73	18	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-229	73	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	73	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	73	21	existence	existence	NOUN
epaa-229	73	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	73	23	inequality	inequality	NOUN
epaa-229	73	24	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	73	25	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	73	26	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-229	73	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	73	28	demott	demott	PROPN
epaa-229	73	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	73	30	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-229	73	31	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	73	32	ossowski	ossowski	PROPN
epaa-229	73	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	73	34	1963	1963	NUM
epaa-229	73	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	73	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	74	1	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	74	2	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	74	3	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	74	4	agree	agree	VERB
epaa-229	74	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	74	6	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	74	7	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	74	8	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	74	9	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	74	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	74	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	74	12	a	a	DET
epaa-229	74	13	good	good	ADJ
epaa-229	74	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	74	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	74	16	a	a	DET
epaa-229	74	17	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	74	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	74	19	a	a	DET
epaa-229	74	20	good	good	ADJ
epaa-229	74	21	job	job	NOUN
epaa-229	74	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	75	1	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	75	2	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	75	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	75	4	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-229	75	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	75	6	such	such	DET
epaa-229	75	7	a	a	DET
epaa-229	75	8	statement	statement	NOUN
epaa-229	75	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	75	10	1890	1890	NUM
epaa-229	75	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	75	12	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	75	13	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-229	75	14	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-229	75	15	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	75	16	had	have	AUX
epaa-229	75	17	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	75	18	an	an	DET
epaa-229	75	19	accepted	accept	VERB
epaa-229	75	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	75	21	politically	politically	ADV
epaa-229	75	22	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-229	75	23	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	75	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	75	25	childhood	childhood	NOUN
epaa-229	75	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	75	27	the	the	DET
epaa-229	75	28	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ
epaa-229	75	29	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	75	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	75	31	katznelson	katznelson	PROPN
epaa-229	75	32	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	75	33	weir	weir	PROPN
epaa-229	75	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	75	35	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	75	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	75	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	76	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	76	2	expansion	expansion	NOUN
epaa-229	76	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	76	4	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-229	76	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	76	6	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	76	7	coincided	coincide	VERB
epaa-229	76	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	76	9	a	a	DET
epaa-229	76	10	growing	grow	VERB
epaa-229	76	11	rationale	rationale	NOUN
epaa-229	76	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	76	13	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	76	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	76	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	76	16	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	76	17	to	to	PART
epaa-229	76	18	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-229	76	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	76	20	'	'	PART
epaa-229	76	21	future	future	ADJ
epaa-229	76	22	job	job	NOUN
epaa-229	76	23	prospects	prospect	NOUN
epaa-229	76	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	76	25	kantor	kantor	NOUN
epaa-229	76	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	76	27	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-229	76	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	76	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	77	1	figure	figure	NOUN
epaa-229	77	2	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	77	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	77	4	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	77	5	overlays	overlay	VERB
epaa-229	77	6	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-229	77	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	77	8	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	77	9	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	77	10	sources	source	NOUN
epaa-229	77	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	77	12	birth	birth	NOUN
epaa-229	77	13	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	77	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	77	15	note	note	NOUN
epaa-229	77	16	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	77	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	77	18	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
epaa-229	77	19	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-229	77	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	77	21	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	77	22	trend	trend	NOUN
epaa-229	77	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	77	24	the	the	DET
epaa-229	77	25	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	77	26	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-229	77	27	exceptions	exception	NOUN
epaa-229	77	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	77	29	this	this	DET
epaa-229	77	30	pattern	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	77	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	77	32	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-229	77	33	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	77	34	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	77	35	the	the	DET
epaa-229	77	36	decrease	decrease	NOUN
epaa-229	77	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	77	38	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	77	39	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	77	40	the	the	DET
epaa-229	77	41	end	end	NOUN
epaa-229	77	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	77	43	world	world	PROPN
epaa-229	77	44	war	war	PROPN
epaa-229	77	45	ii	ii	PROPN
epaa-229	77	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	77	47	the	the	DET
epaa-229	77	48	stability	stability	NOUN
epaa-229	77	49	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	77	50	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	77	51	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	77	52	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	77	53	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	77	54	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	77	55	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	77	56	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	77	57	the	the	DET
epaa-229	77	58	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	77	59	several	several	ADJ
epaa-229	77	60	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	77	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	78	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	78	2	ratio	ratio	NOUN
epaa-229	78	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	78	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	78	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	78	6	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	78	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	78	8	17	17	NUM
epaa-229	78	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	78	10	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	78	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	78	12	olds	old	NOUN
epaa-229	78	13	rose	rise	VERB
epaa-229	78	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	78	15	0.70	0.70	NUM
epaa-229	78	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	78	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	78	18	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	78	19	born	bear	VERB
epaa-229	78	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	78	21	1943	1943	NUM
epaa-229	78	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	78	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	78	24	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	78	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	78	26	1960	1960	NUM
epaa-229	78	27	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	78	28	shortly	shortly	ADV
epaa-229	78	29	afterwards	afterwards	ADV
epaa-229	78	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	78	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	78	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	78	33	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	78	34	remained	remain	VERB
epaa-229	78	35	approximately	approximately	ADV
epaa-229	78	36	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	78	37	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	78	38	above	above	ADP
epaa-229	78	39	0.70	0.70	NUM
epaa-229	78	40	since	since	ADV
epaa-229	78	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	79	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	79	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	79	3	ratio	ratio	NOUN
epaa-229	79	4	had	have	AUX
epaa-229	79	5	declined	decline	VERB
epaa-229	79	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	79	7	0.51	0.51	NUM
epaa-229	79	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	79	9	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	79	10	born	bear	VERB
epaa-229	79	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	79	12	1925	1925	NUM
epaa-229	79	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	79	14	0.43	0.43	NUM
epaa-229	79	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	79	16	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	79	17	born	bear	VERB
epaa-229	79	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	79	19	1927	1927	NUM
epaa-229	79	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	79	21	0.47	0.47	NUM
epaa-229	79	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	79	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	79	24	1929	1929	NUM
epaa-229	79	25	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	79	26	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	79	27	returning	return	VERB
epaa-229	79	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	79	29	0.53	0.53	NUM
epaa-229	79	30	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	79	31	the	the	DET
epaa-229	79	32	1931	1931	NUM
epaa-229	79	33	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	79	34	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	79	35	corresponding	correspond	VERB
epaa-229	79	36	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	79	37	a	a	DET
epaa-229	79	38	dip	dip	NOUN
epaa-229	79	39	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	79	40	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	79	41	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	79	42	1942	1942	NUM
epaa-229	79	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	79	44	1948	1948	NUM
epaa-229	79	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	79	46	the	the	DET
epaa-229	79	47	period	period	NOUN
epaa-229	79	48	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	79	49	those	those	DET
epaa-229	79	50	cohorts	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	79	51	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	79	52	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	79	53	reached	reach	VERB
epaa-229	79	54	17	17	NUM
epaa-229	79	55	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	79	56	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	79	57	age	age	NOUN
epaa-229	79	58	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	79	59	goldin	goldin	PROPN
epaa-229	79	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	79	61	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	79	62	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	79	63	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-229	79	64	63	63	NUM
epaa-229	79	65	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	79	66	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	80	1	this	this	DET
epaa-229	80	2	pattern	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	80	3	mirrored	mirror	VERB
epaa-229	80	4	decreases	decrease	NOUN
epaa-229	80	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	80	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	80	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	80	8	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	80	9	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	80	10	world	world	PROPN
epaa-229	80	11	war	war	PROPN
epaa-229	80	12	ii	ii	PROPN
epaa-229	80	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	80	14	snyder	snyder	NOUN
epaa-229	80	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	80	16	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	80	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	80	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	81	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	81	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	81	3	drop	drop	NOUN
epaa-229	81	4	included	include	VERB
epaa-229	81	5	females	female	NOUN
epaa-229	81	6	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	81	7	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	81	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	81	9	males	male	NOUN
epaa-229	81	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	81	11	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-229	81	12	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	81	13	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	81	14	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	81	15	precipitous	precipitous	ADJ
epaa-229	81	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	81	17	males	male	NOUN
epaa-229	81	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	81	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	81	20	military	military	ADJ
epaa-229	81	21	service	service	NOUN
epaa-229	81	22	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	81	23	not	not	PART
epaa-229	81	24	entirely	entirely	ADV
epaa-229	81	25	explain	explain	VERB
epaa-229	81	26	the	the	DET
epaa-229	81	27	temporary	temporary	ADJ
epaa-229	81	28	shift	shift	NOUN
epaa-229	81	29	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	81	30	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	81	31	left	leave	VERB
epaa-229	81	32	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	81	33	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-229	81	34	to	to	AUX
epaa-229	81	35	work	work	VERB
epaa-229	81	36	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	81	37	the	the	DET
epaa-229	81	38	war	war	NOUN
epaa-229	81	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	81	40	goldin	goldin	PROPN
epaa-229	81	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	81	42	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-229	81	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	81	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	82	1	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	82	2	recently	recently	ADV
epaa-229	82	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	82	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	82	5	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-229	82	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	82	7	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	82	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	82	9	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	82	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	82	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	82	12	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	82	13	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	82	14	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	82	15	opposed	oppose	VERB
epaa-229	82	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	82	17	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	82	18	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	82	19	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	82	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	82	21	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	82	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	82	23	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	82	24	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	82	25	development	development	NOUN
epaa-229	82	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	82	27	ged	ged	ADJ
epaa-229	82	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	82	29	test	test	NOUN
epaa-229	82	30	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	82	31	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	82	32	remained	remain	VERB
epaa-229	82	33	fairly	fairly	ADV
epaa-229	82	34	stable	stable	ADJ
epaa-229	82	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	82	36	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	82	37	a	a	DET
epaa-229	82	38	slight	slight	ADJ
epaa-229	82	39	decrease	decrease	NOUN
epaa-229	82	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	82	41	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	82	42	the	the	DET
epaa-229	82	43	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	82	44	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	82	45	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	82	46	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	82	47	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	82	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	82	49	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	82	50	contrast	contrast	NOUN
epaa-229	82	51	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	82	52	the	the	DET
epaa-229	82	53	prior	prior	ADJ
epaa-229	82	54	dramatic	dramatic	ADJ
epaa-229	82	55	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-229	82	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	83	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	83	2	self	self	NOUN
epaa-229	83	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	83	4	reported	report	VERB
epaa-229	83	5	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	83	6	proportions	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	83	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	83	8	reported	report	VERB
epaa-229	83	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	83	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	83	11	census	census	PROPN
epaa-229	83	12	bureau	bureau	PROPN
epaa-229	83	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	83	14	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	83	15	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	83	16	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	83	17	ratio	ratio	NOUN
epaa-229	83	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	83	19	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	83	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	83	21	17	17	NUM
epaa-229	83	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	83	23	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	83	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	83	25	olds	old	NOUN
epaa-229	83	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	83	27	a	a	DET
epaa-229	83	28	series	series	NOUN
epaa-229	83	29	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	83	30	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	83	31	decreased	decrease	VERB
epaa-229	83	32	slightly	slightly	ADV
epaa-229	83	33	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-229	83	34	the	the	DET
epaa-229	83	35	cohorts	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	83	36	born	bear	VERB
epaa-229	83	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	83	38	the	the	DET
epaa-229	83	39	mid-1950s	mid-1950s	NUM
epaa-229	83	40	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	84	1	6	6	NUM
epaa-229	84	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	84	3	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	84	4	figure	figure	NOUN
epaa-229	84	5	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	84	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	84	7	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	84	8	century	century	PROPN
epaa-229	84	9	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-229	84	10	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	84	11	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	84	12	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	84	13	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	84	14	birth	birth	NOUN
epaa-229	84	15	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	84	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	84	17	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-229	84	18	source	source	NOUN
epaa-229	84	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	84	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	84	21	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-229	84	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	84	23	figure	figure	NOUN
epaa-229	84	24	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	84	25	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	84	26	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	84	27	downloaded	download	VERB
epaa-229	84	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	84	29	the	the	DET
epaa-229	84	30	form	form	NOUN
epaa-229	84	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	84	32	an	an	DET
epaa-229	84	33	excel	excel	ADJ
epaa-229	84	34	worksheet	worksheet	NOUN
epaa-229	84	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	84	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	84	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	85	1	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	85	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	85	3	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-229	85	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	85	5	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	85	6	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	85	7	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	85	8	born	bear	VERB
epaa-229	85	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	85	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	85	11	1950s	1950	NOUN
epaa-229	85	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	85	13	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	85	14	types	type	NOUN
epaa-229	85	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	85	16	gap	gap	NOUN
epaa-229	85	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	85	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	85	19	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-229	85	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	85	21	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	85	22	shrank	shrink	VERB
epaa-229	85	23	dramatically	dramatically	ADV
epaa-229	85	24	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	85	25	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	85	26	race	race	NOUN
epaa-229	85	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	85	28	geographic	geographic	ADJ
epaa-229	85	29	region	region	NOUN
epaa-229	85	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	85	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	85	32	gender	gender	NOUN
epaa-229	85	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	86	1	according	accord	VERB
epaa-229	86	2	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	86	3	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	86	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	86	5	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	86	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	86	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	86	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	86	9	white	white	ADJ
epaa-229	86	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	86	11	nonwhite	nonwhite	NOUN
epaa-229	86	12	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-229	86	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	86	14	having	have	VERB
epaa-229	86	15	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	86	16	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	86	17	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	86	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	86	19	20	20	NUM
epaa-229	86	20	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	86	21	24	24	NUM
epaa-229	86	22	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	86	23	olds	old	NOUN
epaa-229	86	24	shrank	shrink	VERB
epaa-229	86	25	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	86	26	a	a	DET
epaa-229	86	27	34	34	NUM
epaa-229	86	28	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-229	86	29	absolute	absolute	ADJ
epaa-229	86	30	gap	gap	NOUN
epaa-229	86	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	86	32	1940	1940	NUM
epaa-229	86	33	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	86	34	a	a	DET
epaa-229	86	35	13	13	NUM
epaa-229	86	36	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-229	86	37	gap	gap	NOUN
epaa-229	86	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	86	39	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	86	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	87	1	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	87	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-229	87	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	87	4	jaynes	jaynes	PROPN
epaa-229	87	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	87	6	williams	williams	PROPN
epaa-229	87	7	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-229	87	8	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	87	9	kaufman	kaufman	PROPN
epaa-229	87	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	87	11	alt	alt	ADJ
epaa-229	87	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	87	13	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	87	14	chapman	chapman	PROPN
epaa-229	87	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	87	16	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	87	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	87	18	confirms	confirm	VERB
epaa-229	87	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	87	20	shrinking	shrink	VERB
epaa-229	87	21	racial	racial	ADJ
epaa-229	87	22	gap	gap	NOUN
epaa-229	87	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	87	24	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	87	25	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	87	26	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	87	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	88	1	some	some	PRON
epaa-229	88	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	88	3	that	that	DET
epaa-229	88	4	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-229	88	5	early	early	ADV
epaa-229	88	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	88	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	88	8	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	88	9	came	come	VERB
epaa-229	88	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	88	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	88	12	concentration	concentration	NOUN
epaa-229	88	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	88	14	african	african	ADJ
epaa-229	88	15	americans	americans	PROPN
epaa-229	88	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	88	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	88	18	south	south	NOUN
epaa-229	88	19	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	88	20	world	world	PROPN
epaa-229	88	21	war	war	PROPN
epaa-229	88	22	ii	ii	PROPN
epaa-229	88	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	89	1	goldin	goldin	PROPN
epaa-229	89	2	's	's	PART
epaa-229	89	3	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-229	89	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	89	5	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	89	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	89	7	show	show	VERB
epaa-229	89	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	89	9	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	89	10	whites	white	NOUN
epaa-229	89	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	89	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	89	13	southern	southern	ADJ
epaa-229	89	14	census	census	NOUN
epaa-229	89	15	divisions	division	NOUN
epaa-229	89	16	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	89	17	better	well	ADJ
epaa-229	89	18	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	89	19	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	89	20	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	89	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	89	22	regional	regional	ADJ
epaa-229	89	23	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	89	24	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	89	25	a	a	DET
epaa-229	89	26	whole	whole	NOUN
epaa-229	89	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	89	28	southern	southern	ADJ
epaa-229	89	29	whites	white	NOUN
epaa-229	89	30	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	89	31	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	89	32	less	less	ADV
epaa-229	89	33	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	89	34	to	to	PART
epaa-229	89	35	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	89	36	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	89	37	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	89	38	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	89	39	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	89	40	regions	region	NOUN
epaa-229	89	41	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	89	42	the	the	DET
epaa-229	89	43	mid-1950s	mid-1950s	PROPN
epaa-229	89	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	90	1	multivariate	multivariate	NOUN
epaa-229	90	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	90	3	shows	show	VERB
epaa-229	90	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	90	5	both	both	DET
epaa-229	90	6	region	region	NOUN
epaa-229	90	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	90	8	race	race	NOUN
epaa-229	90	9	became	become	VERB
epaa-229	90	10	less	less	ADV
epaa-229	90	11	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	90	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	90	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	90	14	themselves	themselves	PRON
epaa-229	90	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	90	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	90	17	determining	determine	VERB
epaa-229	90	18	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	90	19	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	90	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	90	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	90	22	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	90	23	third	third	NOUN
epaa-229	90	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	90	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	90	26	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	90	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	90	28	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	90	29	both	both	PRON
epaa-229	90	30	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	90	31	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-229	90	32	associations	association	NOUN
epaa-229	90	33	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	90	34	the	the	DET
epaa-229	90	35	odds	odd	NOUN
epaa-229	90	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	90	37	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	90	38	earlier	early	ADV
epaa-229	90	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	90	40	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-229	90	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	90	42	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	90	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	90	44	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	90	45	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	90	46	featherman	featherman	PROPN
epaa-229	90	47	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	90	48	hauser	hauser	PROPN
epaa-229	90	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	90	50	1976	1976	NUM
epaa-229	90	51	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	90	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	91	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	91	2	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-229	91	3	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-229	91	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	91	5	gender	gender	NOUN
epaa-229	91	6	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	91	7	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	91	8	dwindled	dwindle	VERB
epaa-229	91	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	92	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	92	2	1910	1910	NUM
epaa-229	92	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	92	4	93,000	93,000	NUM
epaa-229	92	5	females	female	NOUN
epaa-229	92	6	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	92	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	92	8	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	92	9	opposed	oppose	VERB
epaa-229	92	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	92	11	64,000	64,000	NUM
epaa-229	92	12	males	male	NOUN
epaa-229	92	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	92	14	almost	almost	ADV
epaa-229	92	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	92	16	3:2	3:2	NUM
epaa-229	92	17	ratio	ratio	NOUN
epaa-229	92	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	93	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	93	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	93	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	93	4	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	93	5	became	become	VERB
epaa-229	93	6	far	far	ADV
epaa-229	93	7	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	93	8	common	common	ADJ
epaa-229	93	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	93	10	boys	boy	NOUN
epaa-229	93	11	began	begin	VERB
epaa-229	93	12	to	to	PART
epaa-229	93	13	catch	catch	VERB
epaa-229	93	14	up	up	ADP
epaa-229	93	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	93	16	girls	girl	NOUN
epaa-229	93	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	93	18	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-229	93	19	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	93	20	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	93	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	94	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	94	2	1970	1970	NUM
epaa-229	94	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	94	4	1.46	1.46	NUM
epaa-229	94	5	million	million	NUM
epaa-229	94	6	females	female	NOUN
epaa-229	94	7	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	94	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	94	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	94	10	contrast	contrast	NOUN
epaa-229	94	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	94	12	1.43	1.43	NUM
epaa-229	94	13	million	million	NUM
epaa-229	94	14	males	male	NOUN
epaa-229	94	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	95	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	95	2	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-229	95	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	95	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	95	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	95	6	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	95	7	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	95	8	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-229	95	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	95	10	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-229	95	11	government	government	NOUN
epaa-229	95	12	began	begin	VERB
epaa-229	95	13	collecting	collect	VERB
epaa-229	95	14	records	record	NOUN
epaa-229	95	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	95	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	95	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	95	18	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	95	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	95	20	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	95	21	males	male	NOUN
epaa-229	95	22	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	95	23	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	95	24	females	female	NOUN
epaa-229	95	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	95	26	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	95	27	an	an	DET
epaa-229	95	28	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-229	95	29	3,000	3,000	NUM
epaa-229	95	30	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	95	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	95	32	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	95	33	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	95	34	1.2	1.2	NUM
epaa-229	95	35	million	million	NUM
epaa-229	95	36	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	95	37	each	each	DET
epaa-229	95	38	sex	sex	NOUN
epaa-229	95	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	95	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	95	41	goldin	goldin	PROPN
epaa-229	95	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	95	43	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	95	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	95	45	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-229	95	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	96	1	63	63	NUM
epaa-229	96	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	96	3	64	64	NUM
epaa-229	96	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	96	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	97	1	7	7	NUM
epaa-229	97	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	97	3	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	97	4	a	a	DET
epaa-229	97	5	racial	racial	ADJ
epaa-229	97	6	gap	gap	NOUN
epaa-229	97	7	persists	persist	VERB
epaa-229	97	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	97	9	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	97	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	97	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	97	12	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	97	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	97	14	though	though	ADV
epaa-229	97	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	97	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	97	17	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-229	97	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	97	19	absolute	absolute	ADJ
epaa-229	97	20	percentages	percentage	NOUN
epaa-229	97	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	97	22	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	97	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	97	24	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	97	25	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	97	26	kaufman	kaufman	PROPN
epaa-229	97	27	et	et	PROPN
epaa-229	97	28	al	al	PROPN
epaa-229	97	29	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	97	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	97	31	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	97	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	97	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	98	1	this	this	DET
epaa-229	98	2	gap	gap	NOUN
epaa-229	98	3	parallels	parallel	VERB
epaa-229	98	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	98	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	98	6	some	some	DET
epaa-229	98	7	extent	extent	NOUN
epaa-229	98	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	98	9	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	98	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	98	11	declines	decline	NOUN
epaa-229	98	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	98	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	98	14	fortunes	fortune	NOUN
epaa-229	98	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	98	16	african	african	ADJ
epaa-229	98	17	americans	americans	PROPN
epaa-229	98	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	98	19	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	98	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	98	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	98	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	98	23	1980s	1980	NOUN
epaa-229	98	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	98	25	jaynes	jaynes	PROPN
epaa-229	98	26	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	98	27	williams	williams	PROPN
epaa-229	98	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	98	29	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-229	98	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	98	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	99	1	given	give	VERB
epaa-229	99	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	99	3	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-229	99	4	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-229	99	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	99	6	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-229	99	7	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	99	8	being	be	AUX
epaa-229	99	9	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-229	99	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	99	11	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
epaa-229	99	12	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	99	13	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	99	14	explain	explain	VERB
epaa-229	99	15	this	this	DET
epaa-229	99	16	continuing	continue	VERB
epaa-229	99	17	gap	gap	NOUN
epaa-229	99	18	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	99	19	an	an	DET
epaa-229	99	20	indirect	indirect	ADJ
epaa-229	99	21	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	99	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	99	23	persistent	persistent	ADJ
epaa-229	99	24	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
epaa-229	99	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	99	26	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	99	27	class	class	NOUN
epaa-229	99	28	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	99	29	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	99	30	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	99	31	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	99	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	100	1	some	some	DET
epaa-229	100	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-229	100	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	100	4	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	100	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	100	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	100	7	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	100	8	disturbing	disturbing	ADJ
epaa-229	100	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	101	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	101	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	101	3	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-229	101	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	101	5	being	be	AUX
epaa-229	101	6	african	african	ADJ
epaa-229	101	7	american	american	PROPN
epaa-229	101	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	101	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	101	10	odds	odd	NOUN
epaa-229	101	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	101	12	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	101	13	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	101	14	age	age	NOUN
epaa-229	101	15	18	18	NUM
epaa-229	101	16	had	have	AUX
epaa-229	101	17	disappeared	disappear	VERB
epaa-229	101	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	101	19	1970	1970	NUM
epaa-229	101	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	101	21	my	my	PRON
epaa-229	101	22	multivariate	multivariate	NOUN
epaa-229	101	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	101	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	101	25	decennial	decennial	ADJ
epaa-229	101	26	censuses	census	NOUN
epaa-229	101	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	101	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	101	29	association	association	NOUN
epaa-229	101	30	reappeared	reappear	VERB
epaa-229	101	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	101	32	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	101	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	101	34	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-229	101	35	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	101	36	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	101	37	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	101	38	age	age	NOUN
epaa-229	101	39	19	19	NUM
epaa-229	101	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	101	41	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	101	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	101	43	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	101	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	101	45	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-229	101	46	20	20	NUM
epaa-229	101	47	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	101	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	102	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-229	102	2	hypothesized	hypothesize	VERB
epaa-229	102	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	102	4	race	race	NOUN
epaa-229	102	5	had	have	AUX
epaa-229	102	6	disappeared	disappear	VERB
epaa-229	102	7	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	102	8	a	a	DET
epaa-229	102	9	factor	factor	NOUN
epaa-229	102	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	102	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	102	12	chances	chance	NOUN
epaa-229	102	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	102	14	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	102	15	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	102	16	after	after	ADP
epaa-229	102	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	102	18	socioeconomics	socioeconomic	NOUN
epaa-229	102	19	/	/	SYM
epaa-229	102	20	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	102	21	class	class	NOUN
epaa-229	102	22	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	102	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	102	24	factored	factor	VERB
epaa-229	102	25	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	102	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	102	27	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	102	28	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	102	29	african	african	ADJ
epaa-229	102	30	americans	americans	PROPN
epaa-229	102	31	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	102	32	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	102	33	less	less	ADV
epaa-229	102	34	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	102	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	102	36	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	102	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	102	38	a	a	DET
epaa-229	102	39	multivariate	multivariate	NOUN
epaa-229	102	40	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	102	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	102	42	to	to	PART
epaa-229	102	43	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	102	44	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	102	45	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	102	46	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	102	47	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	102	48	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	102	49	the	the	DET
epaa-229	102	50	end	end	NOUN
epaa-229	102	51	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	102	52	the	the	DET
epaa-229	102	53	ages	age	NOUN
epaa-229	102	54	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	102	55	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	102	56	youth	youth	NOUN
epaa-229	102	57	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-229	102	58	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	102	59	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	102	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	103	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	103	2	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	103	3	words	word	NOUN
epaa-229	103	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	103	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	103	6	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	103	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	103	8	african	african	ADJ
epaa-229	103	9	americans	americans	PROPN
epaa-229	103	10	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	103	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	103	12	slightly	slightly	ADV
epaa-229	103	13	precocious	precocious	ADJ
epaa-229	103	14	academically	academically	ADV
epaa-229	103	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	103	16	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	103	17	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	103	18	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	103	19	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	103	20	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	103	21	eighteenth	eighteenth	ADJ
epaa-229	103	22	birthday	birthday	NOUN
epaa-229	103	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	103	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	103	25	given	give	VERB
epaa-229	103	26	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	103	27	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-229	103	28	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
epaa-229	103	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	103	30	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	103	31	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-229	103	32	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	103	33	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	103	34	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	103	35	the	the	DET
epaa-229	103	36	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	103	37	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	103	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	104	1	others	other	NOUN
epaa-229	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	104	3	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	104	4	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	104	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	104	6	less	less	ADV
epaa-229	104	7	resilient	resilient	ADJ
epaa-229	104	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	104	9	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	104	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	104	11	far	far	ADV
epaa-229	104	12	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	104	13	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
epaa-229	104	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	104	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	104	16	combined	combine	VERB
epaa-229	104	17	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	104	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	104	19	poverty	poverty	NOUN
epaa-229	104	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	104	21	racism	racism	NOUN
epaa-229	104	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	105	1	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-229	105	2	reports	report	NOUN
epaa-229	105	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	105	4	racial	racial	ADJ
epaa-229	105	5	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-229	105	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	105	7	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	105	8	earns	earn	VERB
epaa-229	105	9	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	105	10	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	105	11	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	105	12	opposed	oppose	VERB
epaa-229	105	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	105	14	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	105	15	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	105	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	105	17	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-229	105	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	105	19	ged	ged	ADJ
epaa-229	105	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	105	21	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	105	22	some	some	DET
epaa-229	105	23	confirmation	confirmation	NOUN
epaa-229	105	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	105	25	this	this	DET
epaa-229	105	26	suggestion	suggestion	NOUN
epaa-229	105	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	105	28	kaufman	kaufman	PROPN
epaa-229	105	29	et	et	PROPN
epaa-229	105	30	al	al	PROPN
epaa-229	105	31	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	105	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	105	33	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	105	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	105	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	106	1	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	106	2	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	106	3	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	106	4	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-229	106	5	some	some	DET
epaa-229	106	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	106	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	106	8	credential	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	106	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	106	10	white	white	ADJ
epaa-229	106	11	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	106	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	106	13	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	106	14	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	106	15	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	106	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	106	17	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	106	18	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	106	19	to	to	PART
epaa-229	106	20	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-229	106	21	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	106	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	106	23	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	106	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	106	25	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	106	26	latino	latino	ADJ
epaa-229	106	27	/	/	SYM
epaa-229	106	28	a	a	PRON
epaa-229	106	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	106	30	african	african	ADJ
epaa-229	106	31	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	106	32	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	106	33	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	106	34	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	106	35	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	106	36	to	to	PART
epaa-229	106	37	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	106	38	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	106	39	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	106	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	107	1	these	these	DET
epaa-229	107	2	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	107	3	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	107	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	107	5	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-229	107	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	107	7	ged	ge	VERB
epaa-229	107	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	107	9	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	107	10	grown	grow	VERB
epaa-229	107	11	dramatically	dramatically	ADV
epaa-229	107	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	107	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	107	14	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	107	15	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	107	16	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	107	17	both	both	PRON
epaa-229	107	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	107	19	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-229	107	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	107	21	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	107	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	107	23	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	107	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	107	25	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-229	107	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	107	27	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	107	28	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	107	29	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-229	107	30	a	a	DET
epaa-229	107	31	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	107	32	alternative	alternative	NOUN
epaa-229	107	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	108	1	after	after	ADP
epaa-229	108	2	1970	1970	NUM
epaa-229	108	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	108	4	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	108	5	amendments	amendment	NOUN
epaa-229	108	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	108	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	108	8	adult	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	108	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	108	10	act	act	NOUN
epaa-229	108	11	allowed	allow	VERB
epaa-229	108	12	federally	federally	ADV
epaa-229	108	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	108	14	sponsored	sponsor	VERB
epaa-229	108	15	adult	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	108	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	108	17	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-229	108	18	to	to	PART
epaa-229	108	19	enroll	enroll	VERB
epaa-229	108	20	minors	minor	NOUN
epaa-229	108	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	108	22	to	to	PART
epaa-229	108	23	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-229	108	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	108	25	an	an	DET
epaa-229	108	26	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	108	27	credential	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	108	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	108	29	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-229	108	30	snowballed	snowball	VERB
epaa-229	108	31	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	108	32	294,000	294,000	NUM
epaa-229	108	33	ged	ge	VERB
epaa-229	108	34	recipients	recipient	NOUN
epaa-229	108	35	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	108	36	1974	1974	NUM
epaa-229	108	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	108	38	489,000	489,000	NUM
epaa-229	108	39	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	108	40	1981	1981	NUM
epaa-229	108	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	108	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	108	43	516,000	516,000	NUM
epaa-229	108	44	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	108	45	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	108	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	109	1	ged	ge	VERB
epaa-229	109	2	recipients	recipient	NOUN
epaa-229	109	3	represented	represent	VERB
epaa-229	109	4	9	9	NUM
epaa-229	109	5	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-229	109	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	109	7	young	young	ADJ
epaa-229	109	8	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	109	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	109	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	109	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	109	12	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	109	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	109	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	109	15	late	late	ADJ
epaa-229	109	16	1990s	1990	NOUN
epaa-229	109	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	109	18	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	109	19	center	center	NOUN
epaa-229	109	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	109	21	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	109	22	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	109	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	109	24	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	109	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	109	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	110	1	young	young	ADJ
epaa-229	110	2	white	white	ADJ
epaa-229	110	3	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	110	4	asian	asian	ADJ
epaa-229	110	5	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	110	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	110	7	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	110	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	110	9	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	110	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	110	11	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	110	12	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	110	13	to	to	PART
epaa-229	110	14	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	110	15	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	110	16	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	110	17	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	110	18	young	young	ADJ
epaa-229	110	19	latino	latino	PROPN
epaa-229	110	20	/	/	SYM
epaa-229	110	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	110	22	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	110	23	african	african	ADJ
epaa-229	110	24	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	110	25	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	110	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	110	27	kaufman	kaufman	PROPN
epaa-229	110	28	et	et	PROPN
epaa-229	110	29	al	al	PROPN
epaa-229	110	30	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	110	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	110	32	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	110	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	110	34	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-229	110	35	19	19	NUM
epaa-229	110	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	110	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	111	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	111	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	111	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	111	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	111	5	course	course	NOUN
epaa-229	111	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	111	7	interpret	interpret	VERB
epaa-229	111	8	this	this	DET
epaa-229	111	9	information	information	NOUN
epaa-229	111	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	111	11	at	at	ADV
epaa-229	111	12	least	least	ADV
epaa-229	111	13	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	111	14	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-229	111	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	112	1	maybe	maybe	ADV
epaa-229	112	2	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	112	3	credential	credential	ADJ
epaa-229	112	4	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	112	5	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	112	6	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-229	112	7	an	an	DET
epaa-229	112	8	avenue	avenue	NOUN
epaa-229	112	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	112	10	an	an	DET
epaa-229	112	11	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-229	112	12	credential	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	112	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	112	14	disadvantaged	disadvantaged	ADJ
epaa-229	112	15	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	112	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	112	17	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
epaa-229	112	18	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	112	19	not	not	PART
epaa-229	112	20	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-229	112	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	113	1	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	113	2	maybe	maybe	ADV
epaa-229	113	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	113	4	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-229	113	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	113	6	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	113	7	credential	credential	ADJ
epaa-229	113	8	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	113	9	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	113	10	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-229	113	11	a	a	DET
epaa-229	113	12	safety	safety	NOUN
epaa-229	113	13	valve	valve	NOUN
epaa-229	113	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	113	15	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	113	16	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	113	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	113	18	enabling	enable	VERB
epaa-229	113	19	them	they	PRON
epaa-229	113	20	to	to	PART
epaa-229	113	21	slough	slough	VERB
epaa-229	113	22	off	off	ADP
epaa-229	113	23	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-229	113	24	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	113	25	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-229	113	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	113	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	114	2	answer	answer	NOUN
epaa-229	114	3	depends	depend	VERB
epaa-229	114	4	heavily	heavily	ADV
epaa-229	114	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	114	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	114	7	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-229	114	8	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	114	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	114	10	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	114	11	credential	credential	ADJ
epaa-229	114	12	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	114	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	14	a	a	DET
epaa-229	114	15	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-229	114	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	114	17	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-229	114	18	dispute	dispute	NOUN
epaa-229	114	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	20	boesel	boesel	PROPN
epaa-229	114	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	22	alsalam	alsalam	VERB
epaa-229	114	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	24	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	114	25	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-229	114	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	27	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	114	28	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	29	cameron	cameron	PROPN
epaa-229	114	30	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	114	31	heckman	heckman	PROPN
epaa-229	114	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	33	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	114	34	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	35	murnane	murnane	NOUN
epaa-229	114	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	37	willett	willett	PROPN
epaa-229	114	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	39	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	114	40	tyler	tyler	PROPN
epaa-229	114	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	42	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	114	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	114	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	115	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	115	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	115	3	undisputed	undisputed	ADJ
epaa-229	115	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	115	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	115	6	persistent	persistent	ADJ
epaa-229	115	7	association	association	NOUN
epaa-229	115	8	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	115	9	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
epaa-229	115	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	115	11	class	class	NOUN
epaa-229	115	12	status	status	NOUN
epaa-229	115	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	115	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	115	15	chances	chance	NOUN
epaa-229	115	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	115	17	attending	attend	VERB
epaa-229	115	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	115	19	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	115	20	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	115	21	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	115	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	115	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	116	2	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-229	116	3	sources	source	NOUN
epaa-229	116	4	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-229	116	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	116	6	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-229	116	7	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-229	116	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	116	9	local	local	ADJ
epaa-229	116	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	116	11	state	state	NOUN
epaa-229	116	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	116	13	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	116	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	15	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-229	116	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	17	kaestle	kaestle	PROPN
epaa-229	116	18	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	116	19	vinovskis	vinovskis	PROPN
epaa-229	116	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	21	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	116	22	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	23	katz	katz	PROPN
epaa-229	116	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	25	doucet	doucet	PROPN
epaa-229	116	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	27	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	116	28	stern	stern	ADJ
epaa-229	116	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	30	1982	1982	NUM
epaa-229	116	31	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	32	perlmann	perlmann	NOUN
epaa-229	116	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	34	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-229	116	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	36	to	to	PART
epaa-229	116	37	successive	successive	VERB
epaa-229	116	38	cross	cros	NOUN
epaa-229	116	39	-	-	NOUN
epaa-229	116	40	sections	section	NOUN
epaa-229	116	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	116	42	decennial	decennial	ADJ
epaa-229	116	43	censuses	census	NOUN
epaa-229	116	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	45	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	116	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	47	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	116	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	49	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	116	50	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	116	51	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-229	116	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	116	53	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
epaa-229	116	54	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-229	116	55	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	56	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-229	116	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	58	ekstrom	ekstrom	PROPN
epaa-229	116	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	60	guertz	guertz	PROPN
epaa-229	116	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	62	pollack	pollack	PROPN
epaa-229	116	63	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	64	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	116	65	rock	rock	NOUN
epaa-229	116	66	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	67	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	116	68	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	69	featherman	featherman	PROPN
epaa-229	116	70	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	116	71	hauser	hauser	PROPN
epaa-229	116	72	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	73	1976	1976	NUM
epaa-229	116	74	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	75	mare	mare	NOUN
epaa-229	116	76	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	77	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	116	78	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	79	1981	1981	NUM
epaa-229	116	80	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	81	natriello	natriello	PROPN
epaa-229	116	82	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	83	pallas	pallas	PROPN
epaa-229	116	84	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	85	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	116	86	mcdill	mcdill	NOUN
epaa-229	116	87	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	88	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	116	89	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	90	walters	walters	PROPN
epaa-229	116	91	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	116	92	briggs	briggs	PROPN
epaa-229	116	93	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	94	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	116	95	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	116	96	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	117	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	117	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	117	3	less	less	ADV
epaa-229	117	4	certain	certain	ADJ
epaa-229	117	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	117	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	117	7	influences	influence	NOUN
epaa-229	117	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	117	9	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	117	10	family	family	NOUN
epaa-229	117	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	117	12	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-229	117	13	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-229	117	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	118	1	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-229	118	2	sources	source	NOUN
epaa-229	118	3	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-229	118	4	agree	agree	VERB
epaa-229	118	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	118	6	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
epaa-229	118	7	sources	source	NOUN
epaa-229	118	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	118	9	having	have	VERB
epaa-229	118	10	a	a	DET
epaa-229	118	11	parent	parent	NOUN
epaa-229	118	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	118	13	guardian	guardian	NOUN
epaa-229	118	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	118	15	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	118	16	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	118	17	attainment	attainment	ADJ
epaa-229	118	18	assists	assist	NOUN
epaa-229	118	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	118	20	8	8	NUM
epaa-229	118	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	118	22	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	118	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	118	24	graduating	graduating	NOUN
epaa-229	118	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	118	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	118	27	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	118	28	having	have	VERB
epaa-229	118	29	a	a	DET
epaa-229	118	30	large	large	ADJ
epaa-229	118	31	family	family	NOUN
epaa-229	118	32	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	118	33	a	a	DET
epaa-229	118	34	disadvantage	disadvantage	NOUN
epaa-229	118	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	118	36	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-229	118	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	118	38	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	118	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	118	40	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	118	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	118	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	119	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	119	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	119	3	those	those	DET
epaa-229	119	4	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-229	119	5	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	119	6	family	family	NOUN
epaa-229	119	7	structure	structure	NOUN
epaa-229	119	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	119	9	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-229	119	10	available	available	ADJ
epaa-229	119	11	only	only	ADV
epaa-229	119	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	119	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	119	14	past	past	NOUN
epaa-229	119	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	120	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	120	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	120	4	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	120	5	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-229	120	6	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-229	120	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	120	8	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
epaa-229	120	9	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	120	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	11	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-229	120	12	psychological	psychological	ADJ
epaa-229	120	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	120	14	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	120	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	16	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-229	120	17	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-229	120	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	19	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-229	120	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	21	rumberger	rumberger	NOUN
epaa-229	120	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	23	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	120	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	25	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-229	120	26	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	27	rumberger	rumberger	NOUN
epaa-229	120	28	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	120	29	larson	larson	PROPN
epaa-229	120	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	31	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-229	120	32	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	33	rumbert	rumbert	PROPN
epaa-229	120	34	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	120	35	scott	scott	PROPN
epaa-229	120	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	37	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	120	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	120	40	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-229	120	41	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	120	42	not	not	PART
epaa-229	120	43	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	120	44	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-229	120	45	sources	source	NOUN
epaa-229	120	46	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-229	120	47	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-229	120	48	across	across	ADP
epaa-229	120	49	a	a	DET
epaa-229	120	50	wide	wide	ADJ
epaa-229	120	51	span	span	NOUN
epaa-229	120	52	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	120	53	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	120	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	121	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	121	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	121	3	crucial	crucial	ADJ
epaa-229	121	4	to	to	PART
epaa-229	121	5	draw	draw	VERB
epaa-229	121	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	121	7	this	this	DET
epaa-229	121	8	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	121	9	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	121	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	121	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	121	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	121	13	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	121	14	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	121	15	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	121	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	121	17	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	121	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	121	19	assumes	assume	VERB
epaa-229	121	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	121	21	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	121	22	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	121	23	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	121	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	121	25	a	a	DET
epaa-229	121	26	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-229	121	27	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	121	28	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-229	121	29	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	121	30	the	the	DET
epaa-229	121	31	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	121	32	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	121	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	122	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	122	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	122	3	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	122	4	wave	wave	NOUN
epaa-229	122	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	122	6	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-229	122	7	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	122	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	122	9	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-229	122	10	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-229	122	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	122	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	122	13	starting	start	VERB
epaa-229	122	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	122	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	122	16	1970s	1970	NOUN
epaa-229	122	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	122	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	122	19	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	122	20	appeared	appear	VERB
epaa-229	122	21	to	to	PART
epaa-229	122	22	continue	continue	VERB
epaa-229	122	23	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	122	24	after	after	ADP
epaa-229	122	25	several	several	ADJ
epaa-229	122	26	chances	chance	NOUN
epaa-229	122	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	123	1	unfortunately	unfortunately	ADV
epaa-229	123	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	123	3	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	123	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	123	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	123	6	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-229	123	7	sources	source	NOUN
epaa-229	123	8	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	123	9	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	123	10	resolve	resolve	VERB
epaa-229	123	11	this	this	DET
epaa-229	123	12	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-229	123	13	question	question	NOUN
epaa-229	123	14	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	123	15	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-229	123	16	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-229	123	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	123	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	123	19	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
epaa-229	123	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	124	1	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	124	2	my	my	PRON
epaa-229	124	3	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-229	124	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	124	5	no	no	DET
epaa-229	124	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-229	124	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	124	8	level	level	NOUN
epaa-229	124	9	officials	official	NOUN
epaa-229	124	10	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	124	11	intentionally	intentionally	ADV
epaa-229	124	12	proposed	propose	VERB
epaa-229	124	13	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	124	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	124	15	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	124	16	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	124	17	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	124	18	a	a	DET
epaa-229	124	19	means	means	NOUN
epaa-229	124	20	to	to	PART
epaa-229	124	21	reduce	reduce	VERB
epaa-229	124	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	124	23	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-229	124	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	124	25	graduating	graduating	NOUN
epaa-229	124	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	124	27	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-229	124	28	statements	statement	NOUN
epaa-229	124	29	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	124	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	124	31	former	former	ADJ
epaa-229	124	32	president	president	PROPN
epaa-229	124	33	clinton	clinton	PROPN
epaa-229	124	34	's	's	PART
epaa-229	124	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	124	36	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	124	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	124	38	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	124	39	wanting	want	VERB
epaa-229	124	40	to	to	PART
epaa-229	124	41	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-229	124	42	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	124	43	a	a	DET
epaa-229	124	44	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	124	45	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	124	46	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	124	47	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	124	48	read	read	VERB
epaa-229	124	49	his	his	PRON
epaa-229	124	50	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	124	51	her	her	PRON
epaa-229	124	52	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	124	53	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	124	54	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-229	124	55	common	common	ADJ
epaa-229	124	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	125	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	125	2	unexamined	unexamined	ADJ
epaa-229	125	3	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-229	125	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	125	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	125	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	125	7	given	give	VERB
epaa-229	125	8	a	a	DET
epaa-229	125	9	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-229	125	10	set	set	NOUN
epaa-229	125	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	125	12	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	125	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	125	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	125	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	125	16	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	125	17	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	125	18	put	put	VERB
epaa-229	125	19	forth	forth	ADP
epaa-229	125	20	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-229	125	21	effort	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	125	22	to	to	PART
epaa-229	125	23	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-229	125	24	them	they	PRON
epaa-229	125	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	126	1	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	126	2	variation	variation	NOUN
epaa-229	126	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	126	4	effort	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	126	5	responsible	responsible	ADJ
epaa-229	126	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	126	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	126	8	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	126	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	126	10	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	126	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	126	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	126	13	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	126	14	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	126	15	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	127	1	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	127	2	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-229	127	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	127	4	then	then	ADV
epaa-229	127	5	stability	stability	NOUN
epaa-229	127	6	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	128	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	128	2	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	128	3	persuasive	persuasive	ADJ
epaa-229	128	4	explanations	explanation	NOUN
epaa-229	128	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	128	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	128	7	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	128	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	128	9	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	128	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	128	11	theories	theory	NOUN
epaa-229	128	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	128	13	reciprocal	reciprocal	ADJ
epaa-229	128	14	movements	movement	NOUN
epaa-229	128	15	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	128	16	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	128	17	markets	market	NOUN
epaa-229	128	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	128	19	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	128	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	128	21	incentives	incentive	VERB
epaa-229	128	22	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-229	128	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	128	24	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	128	25	to	to	PART
epaa-229	128	26	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-229	128	27	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	128	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	128	29	some	some	DET
epaa-229	128	30	limit	limit	NOUN
epaa-229	128	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	128	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	128	33	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	128	34	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	128	35	custodialism	custodialism	NOUN
epaa-229	128	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	129	1	these	these	PRON
epaa-229	129	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	129	3	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-229	129	4	not	not	PART
epaa-229	129	5	mutually	mutually	ADV
epaa-229	129	6	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
epaa-229	129	7	explanations	explanation	NOUN
epaa-229	129	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	129	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	129	10	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	129	11	each	each	PRON
epaa-229	129	12	present	present	VERB
epaa-229	129	13	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	129	14	insights	insight	NOUN
epaa-229	129	15	into	into	ADP
epaa-229	129	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	129	17	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	129	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	129	19	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	129	20	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
epaa-229	129	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	129	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	129	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	129	24	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	129	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	130	1	theories	theory	NOUN
epaa-229	130	2	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	130	3	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-229	130	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	130	5	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-229	130	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	130	7	teen	teen	ADJ
epaa-229	130	8	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	130	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	130	10	markets	market	NOUN
epaa-229	130	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	130	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	130	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	130	14	accepted	accepted	ADJ
epaa-229	130	15	mission	mission	NOUN
epaa-229	130	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	130	17	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	130	18	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	130	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	130	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	130	21	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-229	130	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	130	23	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	130	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	130	25	a	a	DET
epaa-229	130	26	warning	warning	NOUN
epaa-229	130	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	130	28	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	130	29	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	130	30	think	think	VERB
epaa-229	130	31	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	130	32	simple	simple	ADJ
epaa-229	130	33	incentives	incentive	NOUN
epaa-229	130	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	130	35	a	a	DET
epaa-229	130	36	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	130	37	system	system	NOUN
epaa-229	130	38	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	130	39	result	result	VERB
epaa-229	130	40	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	130	41	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-229	130	42	predictable	predictable	ADJ
epaa-229	130	43	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-229	130	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	131	1	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-229	131	2	interactions	interaction	NOUN
epaa-229	131	3	among	among	ADP
epaa-229	131	4	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	131	5	markets	market	NOUN
epaa-229	131	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	131	7	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	131	8	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	131	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	131	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	131	11	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	131	12	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-229	131	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	131	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	131	15	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	131	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	131	17	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	131	18	all	all	PRON
epaa-229	131	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	131	20	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	131	21	to	to	PART
epaa-229	131	22	interfere	interfere	VERB
epaa-229	131	23	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	131	24	any	any	DET
epaa-229	131	25	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	131	26	designed	design	VERB
epaa-229	131	27	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	131	28	a	a	DET
epaa-229	131	29	simple	simple	ADJ
epaa-229	131	30	model	model	NOUN
epaa-229	131	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	131	32	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	131	33	to	to	PART
epaa-229	131	34	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-229	131	35	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	131	36	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-229	131	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	132	1	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	132	2	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	132	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	132	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	132	5	reciprocity	reciprocity	NOUN
epaa-229	132	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	132	7	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	132	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	132	9	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	132	10	demand	demand	NOUN
epaa-229	132	11	explanations	explanation	NOUN
epaa-229	132	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	132	13	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	132	14	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-229	132	15	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-229	132	16	both	both	PRON
epaa-229	132	17	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	132	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	132	19	mutual	mutual	ADJ
epaa-229	132	20	exclusivity	exclusivity	NOUN
epaa-229	132	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	132	22	full	full	ADJ
epaa-229	132	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	132	24	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	132	25	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	132	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	132	27	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	132	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	132	29	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	132	30	the	the	DET
epaa-229	132	31	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	132	32	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-229	132	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	132	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	132	35	the	the	DET
epaa-229	132	36	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	132	37	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	132	38	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	132	39	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	132	40	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-229	132	41	job	job	NOUN
epaa-229	132	42	prospects	prospect	NOUN
epaa-229	132	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	132	44	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	132	45	the	the	DET
epaa-229	132	46	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	132	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	133	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	133	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	133	3	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ
epaa-229	133	4	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	133	5	turned	turn	VERB
epaa-229	133	6	into	into	ADP
epaa-229	133	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	133	8	twentieth	twentieth	NOUN
epaa-229	133	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	133	10	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	133	11	could	could	AUX
epaa-229	133	12	find	find	VERB
epaa-229	133	13	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-229	133	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	133	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	133	16	variety	variety	NOUN
epaa-229	133	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	133	18	fields	field	NOUN
epaa-229	133	19	nationwide	nationwide	ADV
epaa-229	133	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	133	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	133	22	someone	someone	PRON
epaa-229	133	23	working	work	VERB
epaa-229	133	24	full	full	ADJ
epaa-229	133	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	133	26	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	133	27	could	could	AUX
epaa-229	133	28	not	not	PART
epaa-229	133	29	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	133	30	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	133	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	133	32	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	133	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	134	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	134	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	134	3	same	same	ADJ
epaa-229	134	4	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	134	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	134	6	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	134	7	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	134	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	134	9	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-229	134	10	boys	boy	NOUN
epaa-229	134	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	134	12	could	could	AUX
epaa-229	134	13	see	see	VERB
epaa-229	134	14	no	no	DET
epaa-229	134	15	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-229	134	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	134	17	obvious	obvious	ADJ
epaa-229	134	18	reward	reward	NOUN
epaa-229	134	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	134	20	continued	continue	VERB
epaa-229	134	21	schooling	school	VERB
epaa-229	134	22	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-229	134	23	age	age	NOUN
epaa-229	134	24	13	13	NUM
epaa-229	134	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	134	26	14	14	NUM
epaa-229	134	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	135	1	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	135	2	jobs	job	NOUN
epaa-229	135	3	did	do	AUX
epaa-229	135	4	not	not	PART
epaa-229	135	5	require	require	VERB
epaa-229	135	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	135	7	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-229	135	8	nominally	nominally	ADV
epaa-229	135	9	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	135	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	135	11	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-229	135	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	135	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	135	14	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	135	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	135	16	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	135	17	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	135	18	develop	develop	VERB
epaa-229	135	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	135	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	135	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	135	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	136	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	136	2	changed	change	VERB
epaa-229	136	3	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	136	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	136	5	next	next	ADJ
epaa-229	136	6	sixty	sixty	NUM
epaa-229	136	7	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	136	8	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	136	9	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-229	136	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	136	11	widespread	widespread	ADJ
epaa-229	136	12	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
epaa-229	136	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	136	14	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	136	15	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	136	16	full	full	ADJ
epaa-229	136	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	136	18	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	136	19	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	136	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	136	21	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	136	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	136	23	growing	grow	VERB
epaa-229	136	24	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-229	136	25	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	136	26	an	an	DET
epaa-229	136	27	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	136	28	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	136	29	the	the	DET
epaa-229	136	30	ticket	ticket	NOUN
epaa-229	136	31	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	136	32	success	success	NOUN
epaa-229	136	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	136	34	the	the	DET
epaa-229	136	35	united	united	PROPN
epaa-229	136	36	states	states	PROPN
epaa-229	136	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	137	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	137	2	first	first	ADV
epaa-229	137	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	137	4	industrial	industrial	ADJ
epaa-229	137	5	occupations	occupation	NOUN
epaa-229	137	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	137	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	137	8	later	later	ADV
epaa-229	137	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	137	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	137	11	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
epaa-229	137	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	137	13	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-229	137	14	laws	law	NOUN
epaa-229	137	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	137	16	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	137	17	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-229	137	18	discouraged	discourage	VERB
epaa-229	137	19	employers	employer	NOUN
epaa-229	137	20	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	137	21	hiring	hire	VERB
epaa-229	137	22	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	137	23	keeping	keep	VERB
epaa-229	137	24	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	137	25	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	137	26	full	full	ADJ
epaa-229	137	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	137	28	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	137	29	laborers	laborer	NOUN
epaa-229	137	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	137	31	osterman	osterman	PROPN
epaa-229	137	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	137	33	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	137	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	137	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	138	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	138	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	138	3	same	same	ADJ
epaa-229	138	4	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	138	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	138	6	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	138	7	began	begin	VERB
epaa-229	138	8	to	to	PART
epaa-229	138	9	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	138	10	a	a	DET
epaa-229	138	11	concrete	concrete	ADJ
epaa-229	138	12	reward	reward	NOUN
epaa-229	138	13	attached	attach	VERB
epaa-229	138	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	138	15	staying	stay	VERB
epaa-229	138	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	138	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	138	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	139	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	139	2	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	139	3	clerical	clerical	ADJ
epaa-229	139	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	139	5	white	white	ADJ
epaa-229	139	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	139	7	collar	collar	NOUN
epaa-229	139	8	occupations	occupation	NOUN
epaa-229	139	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	139	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	139	11	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	139	12	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	139	13	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	139	14	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	139	15	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	139	16	9	9	NUM
epaa-229	139	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	139	18	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	139	19	clerical	clerical	ADJ
epaa-229	139	20	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	139	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	139	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	139	23	nineteenth	nineteenth	NOUN
epaa-229	139	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	139	25	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	139	26	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	139	27	a	a	DET
epaa-229	139	28	putative	putative	ADJ
epaa-229	139	29	stepping	step	VERB
epaa-229	139	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	139	31	stone	stone	NOUN
epaa-229	139	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	139	33	ownership	ownership	NOUN
epaa-229	139	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	139	35	small	small	ADJ
epaa-229	139	36	companies	company	NOUN
epaa-229	139	37	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	139	38	factories	factory	NOUN
epaa-229	139	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	140	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	140	2	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	140	3	division	division	NOUN
epaa-229	140	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	140	5	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	140	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	140	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	140	8	industrial	industrial	ADJ
epaa-229	140	9	era	era	NOUN
epaa-229	140	10	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	140	11	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	140	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	140	13	a	a	DET
epaa-229	140	14	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-229	140	15	reorganization	reorganization	NOUN
epaa-229	140	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	140	17	businesses	business	NOUN
epaa-229	140	18	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	140	19	concentrated	concentrate	VERB
epaa-229	140	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	140	21	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
epaa-229	140	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	140	23	information	information	NOUN
epaa-229	140	24	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	140	25	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	140	26	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	140	27	people	people	NOUN
epaa-229	140	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	140	29	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-229	140	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	141	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	141	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	141	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	141	4	era	era	NOUN
epaa-229	141	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	141	6	industrial	industrial	ADJ
epaa-229	141	7	monopoly	monopoly	NOUN
epaa-229	141	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	141	9	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	141	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	141	11	female	female	ADJ
epaa-229	141	12	typing	typing	NOUN
epaa-229	141	13	pools	pool	NOUN
epaa-229	141	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	141	15	chandler	chandler	NOUN
epaa-229	141	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	141	17	1977	1977	NUM
epaa-229	141	18	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	141	19	davies	davy	NOUN
epaa-229	141	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	141	21	1982	1982	NUM
epaa-229	141	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	141	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	141	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	141	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	141	26	conjunction	conjunction	NOUN
epaa-229	141	27	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	141	28	neither	neither	CCONJ
epaa-229	141	29	a	a	DET
epaa-229	141	30	coincidence	coincidence	NOUN
epaa-229	141	31	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-229	141	32	inconsequential	inconsequential	ADJ
epaa-229	141	33	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	141	34	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	141	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	142	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	142	2	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	142	3	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	142	4	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	142	5	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	142	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	142	7	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-229	142	8	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	142	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	142	10	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-229	142	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	142	12	commercial	commercial	ADJ
epaa-229	142	13	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-229	142	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	142	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	142	16	teenager	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	142	17	could	could	AUX
epaa-229	142	18	markedly	markedly	ADV
epaa-229	142	19	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-229	142	20	her	she	PRON
epaa-229	142	21	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	142	22	his	his	PRON
epaa-229	142	23	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-229	142	24	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	142	25	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-229	142	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	142	27	cohen	cohen	NOUN
epaa-229	142	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	142	29	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-229	142	30	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	142	31	kantor	kantor	PROPN
epaa-229	142	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	142	33	1982	1982	NUM
epaa-229	142	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	142	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	143	1	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	143	2	must	must	AUX
epaa-229	143	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	143	4	careful	careful	ADJ
epaa-229	143	5	here	here	ADV
epaa-229	143	6	not	not	PART
epaa-229	143	7	to	to	PART
epaa-229	143	8	overgeneralize	overgeneralize	VERB
epaa-229	143	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	144	1	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	144	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	144	3	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ
epaa-229	144	4	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	144	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	144	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	144	7	popularity	popularity	NOUN
epaa-229	144	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	144	9	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	144	10	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-229	144	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	144	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	144	13	depended	depend	VERB
epaa-229	144	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	144	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	144	16	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-229	144	17	credential	credential	ADJ
epaa-229	144	18	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	144	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	144	20	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	144	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	144	22	labaree	labaree	NOUN
epaa-229	144	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	144	24	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-229	144	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	144	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	145	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	145	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	145	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	145	4	late	late	ADJ
epaa-229	145	5	nineteenth	nineteenth	NOUN
epaa-229	145	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	145	7	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	145	8	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	145	9	centuries	century	NOUN
epaa-229	145	10	witnessed	witness	VERB
epaa-229	145	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	145	12	development	development	NOUN
epaa-229	145	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	145	14	a	a	DET
epaa-229	145	15	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	145	16	type	type	NOUN
epaa-229	145	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	145	18	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	145	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	145	20	marked	mark	VERB
epaa-229	145	21	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-229	145	22	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	145	23	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	145	24	non	non	ADJ
epaa-229	145	25	-	-	ADJ
epaa-229	145	26	manual	manual	ADJ
epaa-229	145	27	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-229	145	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	145	29	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	145	30	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	145	31	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	145	32	wage	wage	NOUN
epaa-229	145	33	status	status	NOUN
epaa-229	145	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	146	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	146	2	an	an	DET
epaa-229	146	3	incentive	incentive	NOUN
epaa-229	146	4	to	to	PART
epaa-229	146	5	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-229	146	6	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	146	7	's	's	PART
epaa-229	146	8	marketable	marketable	ADJ
epaa-229	146	9	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	146	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	146	11	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	146	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	146	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	146	14	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	146	15	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	146	16	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	146	17	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	146	18	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	146	19	to	to	PART
epaa-229	146	20	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-229	146	21	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	146	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	146	23	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-229	146	24	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	146	25	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	146	26	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	146	27	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	146	28	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	146	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	146	30	goldin	goldin	PROPN
epaa-229	146	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	146	32	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-229	146	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	146	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	147	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	147	2	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	147	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	147	4	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	147	5	explanation	explanation	NOUN
epaa-229	147	6	fits	fit	VERB
epaa-229	147	7	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	147	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	147	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	147	10	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	147	11	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	147	12	features	feature	NOUN
epaa-229	147	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	147	14	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	147	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	147	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	147	17	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	147	18	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	147	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	148	1	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	148	2	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	148	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	148	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	148	5	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	148	6	seven	seven	NUM
epaa-229	148	7	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	148	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	148	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	148	10	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	148	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	148	12	full	full	ADJ
epaa-229	148	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	148	14	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	148	15	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-229	148	16	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-229	148	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	148	18	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	148	19	declined	decline	VERB
epaa-229	148	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	148	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	148	22	both	both	DET
epaa-229	148	23	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	148	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	148	25	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	148	26	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-229	148	27	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	148	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	148	29	same	same	ADJ
epaa-229	148	30	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	148	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	149	1	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	149	2	world	world	PROPN
epaa-229	149	3	war	war	PROPN
epaa-229	149	4	ii	ii	PROPN
epaa-229	149	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	149	6	both	both	PRON
epaa-229	149	7	military	military	ADJ
epaa-229	149	8	service	service	NOUN
epaa-229	149	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	149	10	a	a	DET
epaa-229	149	11	tight	tight	ADJ
epaa-229	149	12	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	149	13	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	149	14	encouraged	encourage	VERB
epaa-229	149	15	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	149	16	to	to	PART
epaa-229	149	17	leave	leave	VERB
epaa-229	149	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	149	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	149	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	149	21	temporarily	temporarily	ADV
epaa-229	149	22	reversing	reverse	VERB
epaa-229	149	23	a	a	DET
epaa-229	149	24	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	149	25	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	149	26	trend	trend	NOUN
epaa-229	149	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	150	1	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	150	2	recently	recently	ADV
epaa-229	150	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	150	4	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	150	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	150	6	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	150	7	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	150	8	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	150	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	150	10	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	150	11	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	150	12	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	150	13	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	150	14	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	150	15	involved	involved	ADJ
epaa-229	150	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	150	17	part	part	ADJ
epaa-229	150	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	150	19	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	150	20	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	150	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	150	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	150	23	mutually	mutually	ADV
epaa-229	150	24	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
epaa-229	150	25	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-229	150	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	150	27	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	150	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	150	29	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	150	30	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	150	31	dwindled	dwindle	VERB
epaa-229	150	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	150	33	greenberger	greenberger	PROPN
epaa-229	150	34	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	150	35	steinberg	steinberg	PROPN
epaa-229	150	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	150	37	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-229	150	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	150	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	151	1	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
epaa-229	151	2	some	some	DET
epaa-229	151	3	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	151	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	151	5	less	less	ADV
epaa-229	151	6	willing	willing	ADJ
epaa-229	151	7	to	to	PART
epaa-229	151	8	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-229	151	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	151	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	151	11	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	151	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	151	13	term	term	NOUN
epaa-229	151	14	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-229	151	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	151	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	151	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	151	18	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	151	19	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	151	20	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	151	21	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-229	151	22	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	151	23	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-229	151	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	151	25	them	they	PRON
epaa-229	151	26	to	to	PART
epaa-229	151	27	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	151	28	good	good	ADJ
epaa-229	151	29	money	money	NOUN
epaa-229	151	30	immediately	immediately	ADV
epaa-229	151	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	151	32	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	151	33	see	see	VERB
epaa-229	151	34	fine	fine	ADJ
epaa-229	151	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	151	36	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	151	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	151	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	152	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	152	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-229	152	3	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	152	4	a	a	DET
epaa-229	152	5	real	real	ADJ
epaa-229	152	6	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	152	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	152	8	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	152	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	152	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	152	11	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	152	12	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	152	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	152	14	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	152	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	152	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	152	17	incentive	incentive	NOUN
epaa-229	152	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	152	19	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	152	20	to	to	PART
epaa-229	152	21	earn	earn	AUX
epaa-229	152	22	ged	ge	VERB
epaa-229	152	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	152	24	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	152	25	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	152	26	alternative	alternative	NOUN
epaa-229	152	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	152	28	diplomas	diploma	VERB
epaa-229	152	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	152	30	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	152	31	the	the	DET
epaa-229	152	32	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-229	152	33	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	152	34	the	the	DET
epaa-229	152	35	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	152	36	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	152	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	152	38	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	152	39	revolves	revolve	VERB
epaa-229	152	40	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	152	41	much	much	ADV
epaa-229	152	42	around	around	ADP
epaa-229	152	43	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-229	152	44	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-229	152	45	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	152	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	152	47	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-229	152	48	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-229	152	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	152	50	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	152	51	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	152	52	the	the	DET
epaa-229	152	53	reality	reality	NOUN
epaa-229	152	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	153	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	153	2	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	153	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	153	4	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	153	5	explanation	explanation	NOUN
epaa-229	153	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	153	7	plausible	plausible	ADJ
epaa-229	153	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	153	9	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	153	10	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	153	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	153	12	willing	willing	ADJ
epaa-229	153	13	to	to	PART
epaa-229	153	14	assume	assume	VERB
epaa-229	153	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	153	16	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	153	17	'	'	PART
epaa-229	153	18	actions	action	NOUN
epaa-229	153	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	153	20	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-229	153	21	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
epaa-229	153	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	153	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	153	24	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	153	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	153	26	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	153	27	attends	attend	VERB
epaa-229	153	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	153	29	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	153	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	154	1	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	154	2	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	154	3	a	a	DET
epaa-229	154	4	reflection	reflection	NOUN
epaa-229	154	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	154	6	system	system	NOUN
epaa-229	154	7	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
epaa-229	154	8	green	green	ADJ
epaa-229	154	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	154	10	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	154	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	154	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	154	13	seidman	seidman	PROPN
epaa-229	154	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	154	15	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	154	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	154	17	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	154	18	claimed	claim	VERB
epaa-229	154	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	154	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	154	21	contrast	contrast	NOUN
epaa-229	154	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	154	23	focusing	focus	VERB
epaa-229	154	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	154	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	154	26	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-229	154	27	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-229	154	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	154	29	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	154	30	markets	market	NOUN
epaa-229	154	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	154	32	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	154	33	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	154	34	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	154	35	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	154	36	powerful	powerful	ADJ
epaa-229	154	37	incentives	incentive	NOUN
epaa-229	154	38	to	to	PART
epaa-229	154	39	encourage	encourage	VERB
epaa-229	154	40	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-229	154	41	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	154	42	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	154	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	154	44	up	up	ADP
epaa-229	154	45	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	154	46	a	a	DET
epaa-229	154	47	limit	limit	NOUN
epaa-229	154	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	155	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	155	2	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
epaa-229	155	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	155	4	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	155	5	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	155	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	155	7	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	155	8	claimed	claim	VERB
epaa-229	155	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	155	10	push	push	VERB
epaa-229	155	11	inevitably	inevitably	ADV
epaa-229	155	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	155	13	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	155	14	attainment	attainment	ADJ
epaa-229	155	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	156	1	arguing	argue	VERB
epaa-229	156	2	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	156	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	156	4	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-229	156	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	156	6	an	an	DET
epaa-229	156	7	abstract	abstract	ADJ
epaa-229	156	8	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	156	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	156	10	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	156	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	156	12	green	green	PROPN
epaa-229	156	13	claimed	claim	VERB
epaa-229	156	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	156	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	156	16	marginal	marginal	ADJ
epaa-229	156	17	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	156	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	156	19	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	156	20	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	156	21	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	156	22	greatest	great	ADJ
epaa-229	156	23	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	156	24	neither	neither	CCONJ
epaa-229	156	25	too	too	ADV
epaa-229	156	26	low	low	ADJ
epaa-229	156	27	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-229	156	28	too	too	ADV
epaa-229	156	29	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	156	30	a	a	DET
epaa-229	156	31	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	156	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	156	33	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	156	34	earned	earn	VERB
epaa-229	156	35	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	156	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	157	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-229	157	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	157	3	he	he	PRON
epaa-229	157	4	claimed	claim	VERB
epaa-229	157	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	157	6	incentive	incentive	NOUN
epaa-229	157	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	157	8	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	157	9	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	157	10	grow	grow	VERB
epaa-229	157	11	dramatically	dramatically	ADV
epaa-229	157	12	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	157	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	157	14	low	low	ADJ
epaa-229	157	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	157	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	157	17	proportions	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	157	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	157	19	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	157	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	157	21	presumed	presume	VERB
epaa-229	157	22	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	157	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	157	24	highest	high	ADJ
epaa-229	157	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	158	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	158	2	each	each	DET
epaa-229	158	3	level	level	NOUN
epaa-229	158	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	158	5	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	158	6	becomes	become	VERB
epaa-229	158	7	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-229	158	8	saturated	saturate	VERB
epaa-229	158	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	158	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	158	11	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	158	12	system	system	NOUN
epaa-229	158	13	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	158	14	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
epaa-229	158	15	existing	exist	VERB
epaa-229	158	16	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	158	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	158	18	reputation	reputation	NOUN
epaa-229	158	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	158	20	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-229	158	21	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	158	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	158	23	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-229	158	24	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	158	25	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	158	26	attainment	attainment	ADJ
epaa-229	158	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	158	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	158	29	create	create	VERB
epaa-229	158	30	a	a	DET
epaa-229	158	31	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	158	32	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-229	158	33	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	158	34	the	the	DET
epaa-229	158	35	next	next	ADJ
epaa-229	158	36	level	level	NOUN
epaa-229	158	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	158	38	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	158	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	159	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	159	2	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
epaa-229	159	3	ratcheting	ratchet	VERB
epaa-229	159	4	up	up	ADP
epaa-229	159	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	159	6	attainment	attainment	ADJ
epaa-229	159	7	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-229	159	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	159	9	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-229	159	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	159	11	freeman	freeman	PROPN
epaa-229	159	12	's	's	PART
epaa-229	159	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	159	14	1976	1976	NUM
epaa-229	159	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	159	16	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-229	159	17	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	159	18	overeducation	overeducation	NOUN
epaa-229	159	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	159	20	credentialism	credentialism	NOUN
epaa-229	159	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	160	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	160	2	strength	strength	NOUN
epaa-229	160	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	160	4	green	green	PROPN
epaa-229	160	5	's	's	PART
epaa-229	160	6	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-229	160	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	160	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	160	9	seidman	seidman	PROPN
epaa-229	160	10	's	's	PART
epaa-229	160	11	application	application	NOUN
epaa-229	160	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	160	13	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	160	14	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-229	160	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	160	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	160	17	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	160	18	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-229	160	19	to	to	PART
epaa-229	160	20	explain	explain	VERB
epaa-229	160	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	160	22	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	160	23	plateau	plateau	NOUN
epaa-229	160	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	160	25	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	160	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	160	27	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	160	28	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	160	29	the	the	DET
epaa-229	160	30	end	end	NOUN
epaa-229	160	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	160	32	the	the	DET
epaa-229	160	33	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	160	34	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	160	35	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	160	36	a	a	DET
epaa-229	160	37	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	160	38	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	160	39	coincided	coincide	VERB
epaa-229	160	40	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	160	41	growing	grow	VERB
epaa-229	160	42	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	160	43	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	160	44	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	160	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	160	46	the	the	DET
epaa-229	160	47	appearance	appearance	NOUN
epaa-229	160	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	160	49	a	a	DET
epaa-229	160	50	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	160	51	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	160	52	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	160	53	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	160	54	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	160	55	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	160	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	160	57	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	160	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	160	59	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	160	60	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	160	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	161	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	161	2	a	a	DET
epaa-229	161	3	much	much	ADV
epaa-229	161	4	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	161	5	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	161	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	161	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	161	8	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	161	9	now	now	ADV
epaa-229	161	10	expect	expect	VERB
epaa-229	161	11	to	to	PART
epaa-229	161	12	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-229	161	13	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	161	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	161	15	some	some	DET
epaa-229	161	16	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	161	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	161	18	contrast	contrast	NOUN
epaa-229	161	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	161	20	1960	1960	NUM
epaa-229	161	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	161	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	161	23	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-229	161	24	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	161	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	161	26	a	a	DET
epaa-229	161	27	10	10	NUM
epaa-229	161	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	161	29	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	161	30	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	161	31	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	161	32	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	161	33	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	161	34	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	161	35	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	161	36	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	161	37	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	161	38	a	a	DET
epaa-229	161	39	stepping	stepping	ADJ
epaa-229	161	40	stone	stone	NOUN
epaa-229	161	41	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	161	42	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	161	43	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-229	161	44	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	161	45	an	an	DET
epaa-229	161	46	end	end	NOUN
epaa-229	161	47	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	161	48	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-229	161	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	162	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	162	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	162	3	meantime	meantime	NOUN
epaa-229	162	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	162	5	green	green	PROPN
epaa-229	162	6	asserted	assert	VERB
epaa-229	162	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	162	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	162	9	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	162	10	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	162	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	162	12	pressured	pressure	VERB
epaa-229	162	13	to	to	PART
epaa-229	162	14	show	show	VERB
epaa-229	162	15	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	162	16	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-229	162	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	162	18	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	162	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	162	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	162	21	less	less	ADJ
epaa-229	162	22	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-229	162	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	162	24	merely	merely	ADV
epaa-229	162	25	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	162	26	them	they	PRON
epaa-229	162	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	162	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	162	29	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	162	30	the	the	DET
epaa-229	162	31	system	system	NOUN
epaa-229	162	32	shifts	shift	NOUN
epaa-229	162	33	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-229	162	34	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	162	35	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	162	36	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	162	37	differentiating	differentiate	VERB
epaa-229	162	38	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	162	39	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-229	162	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	162	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	163	1	this	this	DET
epaa-229	163	2	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-229	163	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	163	4	internal	internal	ADJ
epaa-229	163	5	systemic	systemic	ADJ
epaa-229	163	6	pressures	pressure	NOUN
epaa-229	163	7	has	have	VERB
epaa-229	163	8	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	163	9	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-229	163	10	weakness	weakness	NOUN
epaa-229	163	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	163	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	163	13	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-229	163	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	163	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	163	16	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	163	17	system	system	NOUN
epaa-229	163	18	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	163	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	163	20	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-229	163	21	driver	driver	NOUN
epaa-229	163	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	163	23	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	163	24	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	163	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	163	26	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-229	163	27	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	163	28	regard	regard	NOUN
epaa-229	163	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	163	30	changing	change	VERB
epaa-229	163	31	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	163	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	163	33	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	163	34	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-229	163	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	163	36	changing	change	VERB
epaa-229	163	37	views	view	NOUN
epaa-229	163	38	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	163	39	the	the	DET
epaa-229	163	40	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	163	41	mission	mission	NOUN
epaa-229	163	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	163	43	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	163	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	164	1	green	green	PROPN
epaa-229	164	2	describes	describe	VERB
epaa-229	164	3	his	his	PRON
epaa-229	164	4	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
epaa-229	164	5	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	164	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	164	7	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-229	164	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	164	9	an	an	DET
epaa-229	164	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	164	11	credential	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	164	12	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	164	13	a	a	DET
epaa-229	164	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	164	15	tautological	tautological	ADJ
epaa-229	164	16	law	law	NOUN
epaa-229	164	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	164	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	164	19	green	green	ADJ
epaa-229	164	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	164	21	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	164	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	164	23	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-229	164	24	94	94	NUM
epaa-229	164	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	164	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	165	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	165	2	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-229	165	3	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	165	4	not	not	PART
epaa-229	165	5	explain	explain	VERB
epaa-229	165	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	165	7	decline	decline	NOUN
epaa-229	165	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	165	9	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	165	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	165	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	165	12	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	165	13	1940s	1940	NOUN
epaa-229	165	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	165	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	165	16	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-229	165	17	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	165	18	a	a	DET
epaa-229	165	19	reciprocal	reciprocal	ADJ
epaa-229	165	20	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-229	165	21	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	165	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	165	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	165	24	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	165	25	explains	explain	VERB
epaa-229	165	26	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	165	27	ease	ease	NOUN
epaa-229	165	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	166	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	166	2	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-229	166	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	166	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	166	5	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-229	166	6	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-229	166	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	166	8	green	green	ADJ
epaa-229	166	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	166	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	166	11	apparent	apparent	ADJ
epaa-229	166	12	advantages	advantage	NOUN
epaa-229	166	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	166	14	attaining	attain	VERB
epaa-229	166	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	166	16	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	166	17	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	166	18	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	166	19	greatest	great	ADJ
epaa-229	166	20	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	166	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	166	22	moderate	moderate	ADJ
epaa-229	166	23	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	166	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	166	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	166	26	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	166	27	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	166	28	attained	attain	VERB
epaa-229	166	29	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	166	30	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	166	31	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
epaa-229	166	32	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	166	33	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-229	166	34	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	166	35	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-229	166	36	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	166	37	advantages	advantage	NOUN
epaa-229	166	38	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	166	39	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	166	40	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	166	41	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	166	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	166	43	a	a	DET
epaa-229	166	44	surprisingly	surprisingly	ADV
epaa-229	166	45	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	166	46	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-229	166	47	advantage	advantage	NOUN
epaa-229	166	48	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	166	49	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-229	166	50	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	166	51	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	166	52	boylan	boylan	PROPN
epaa-229	166	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	166	54	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	166	55	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	166	56	goldin	goldin	VERB
epaa-229	166	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	166	58	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-229	166	59	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	166	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	167	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	167	2	note	note	NOUN
epaa-229	167	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-229	167	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	167	5	green	green	NOUN
epaa-229	167	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	167	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	167	8	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	167	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	167	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	167	11	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	167	12	articulate	articulate	ADJ
epaa-229	167	13	proponent	proponent	NOUN
epaa-229	167	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	167	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	167	16	systematic	systematic	ADJ
epaa-229	167	17	explanation	explanation	NOUN
epaa-229	167	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	167	19	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	167	20	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-229	167	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	167	22	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	167	23	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	167	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	167	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	167	26	his	his	PRON
epaa-229	167	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	167	28	seidman	seidman	PROPN
epaa-229	167	29	's	's	PART
epaa-229	167	30	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	167	31	reminds	remind	VERB
epaa-229	167	32	us	we	PRON
epaa-229	167	33	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	167	34	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	167	35	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	167	36	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	167	37	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	167	38	own	own	ADJ
epaa-229	167	39	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
epaa-229	167	40	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	167	41	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	167	42	not	not	PART
epaa-229	167	43	always	always	ADV
epaa-229	167	44	respond	respond	VERB
epaa-229	167	45	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	167	46	desired	desire	VERB
epaa-229	167	47	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	167	48	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	167	49	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	167	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	168	1	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	168	2	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	168	3	a	a	DET
epaa-229	168	4	reflection	reflection	NOUN
epaa-229	168	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	168	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	168	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	168	8	custodialism	custodialism	NOUN
epaa-229	168	9	others	other	NOUN
epaa-229	168	10	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	168	11	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	168	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	168	13	a	a	DET
epaa-229	168	14	growing	grow	VERB
epaa-229	168	15	custodial	custodial	ADJ
epaa-229	168	16	mission	mission	NOUN
epaa-229	168	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	168	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	168	19	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	168	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	168	21	partly	partly	ADV
epaa-229	168	22	responsible	responsible	ADJ
epaa-229	168	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	168	24	making	make	VERB
epaa-229	168	25	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	168	26	easier	easy	ADJ
epaa-229	168	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	1	angus	angus	PROPN
epaa-229	169	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	3	mirel	mirel	NOUN
epaa-229	169	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	169	6	vinovskis	vinovskis	PROPN
epaa-229	169	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	8	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-229	169	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	10	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-229	169	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	169	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	169	13	writings	writing	NOUN
epaa-229	169	14	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	169	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	169	16	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	169	17	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	169	18	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	169	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	20	ayres	ayre	NOUN
epaa-229	169	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	22	1909	1909	NUM
epaa-229	169	23	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	24	thorndike	thorndike	PROPN
epaa-229	169	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	26	1907	1907	NUM
epaa-229	169	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	28	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	169	29	prompting	prompt	VERB
epaa-229	169	30	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	169	31	marking	mark	VERB
epaa-229	169	32	a	a	DET
epaa-229	169	33	shift	shift	NOUN
epaa-229	169	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	169	35	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	169	36	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	37	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	169	38	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	169	39	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	169	40	encouraged	encourage	VERB
epaa-229	169	41	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	169	42	'	'	PART
epaa-229	169	43	making	make	VERB
epaa-229	169	44	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	169	45	easier	easy	ADJ
epaa-229	169	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	169	47	de	de	ADJ
epaa-229	169	48	-	-	ADJ
epaa-229	169	49	emphasizing	emphasizing	ADJ
epaa-229	169	50	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-229	169	51	retention	retention	NOUN
epaa-229	169	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	169	53	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	169	54	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-229	169	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	170	1	angus	angus	NOUN
epaa-229	170	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	170	3	mirel	mirel	NOUN
epaa-229	170	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	170	5	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	170	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	170	7	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-229	170	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	170	9	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	170	10	comprehensively	comprehensively	ADV
epaa-229	170	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	170	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	170	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	170	14	officials	official	NOUN
epaa-229	170	15	deliberately	deliberately	ADV
epaa-229	170	16	crafted	craft	VERB
epaa-229	170	17	a	a	DET
epaa-229	170	18	custodial	custodial	ADJ
epaa-229	170	19	mission	mission	NOUN
epaa-229	170	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	170	21	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-229	170	22	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	170	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	170	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	170	25	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	170	26	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	170	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	170	28	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-229	170	29	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	170	30	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	170	31	the	the	DET
epaa-229	170	32	poorer	poor	ADJ
epaa-229	170	33	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	170	34	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	170	35	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	170	36	flooding	flood	VERB
epaa-229	170	37	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	170	38	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	170	39	early	early	ADV
epaa-229	170	40	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	170	41	the	the	DET
epaa-229	170	42	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	170	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	171	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	171	2	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-229	171	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	171	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	171	5	only	only	ADJ
epaa-229	171	6	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	171	7	to	to	PART
epaa-229	171	8	change	change	VERB
epaa-229	171	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	171	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	171	11	'	'	PART
epaa-229	171	12	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-229	171	13	underestimation	underestimation	NOUN
epaa-229	171	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	171	15	adolescent	adolescent	ADJ
epaa-229	171	16	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-229	171	17	to	to	PART
epaa-229	171	18	conduct	conduct	VERB
epaa-229	171	19	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	171	20	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	171	21	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	171	22	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	171	23	consequential	consequential	ADJ
epaa-229	171	24	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	171	25	tied	tie	VERB
epaa-229	171	26	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	171	27	content	content	NOUN
epaa-229	171	28	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-229	171	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	172	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	172	2	custodial	custodial	ADJ
epaa-229	172	3	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-229	172	4	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	172	5	explain	explain	VERB
epaa-229	172	6	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-229	172	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	172	8	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	172	9	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-229	172	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	172	11	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	172	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	172	13	dip	dip	NOUN
epaa-229	172	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	172	15	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	172	16	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	172	17	world	world	PROPN
epaa-229	172	18	war	war	PROPN
epaa-229	172	19	ii	ii	PROPN
epaa-229	172	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	173	1	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	173	2	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	173	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	173	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	173	5	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	173	6	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	173	7	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	173	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	173	9	this	this	DET
epaa-229	173	10	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-229	173	11	runs	run	VERB
epaa-229	173	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	173	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	173	14	growing	grow	VERB
epaa-229	173	15	custodial	custodial	ADJ
epaa-229	173	16	mission	mission	NOUN
epaa-229	173	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	173	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	173	19	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	173	20	cultivated	cultivate	VERB
epaa-229	173	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	173	22	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	173	23	shopping	shopping	NOUN
epaa-229	173	24	mall	mall	NOUN
epaa-229	173	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	173	26	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-229	173	27	culture	culture	NOUN
epaa-229	173	28	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	173	29	made	make	VERB
epaa-229	173	30	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	173	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	173	32	earning	earn	VERB
epaa-229	173	33	credits	credit	NOUN
epaa-229	173	34	easier	easy	ADJ
epaa-229	173	35	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	173	36	discouraging	discourage	VERB
epaa-229	173	37	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-229	173	38	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	173	39	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	173	40	the	the	DET
epaa-229	173	41	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-229	173	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	173	43	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	173	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	173	45	powell	powell	PROPN
epaa-229	173	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	173	47	farrar	farrar	PROPN
epaa-229	173	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	173	49	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	173	50	cohen	cohen	PROPN
epaa-229	173	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	173	52	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	173	53	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	173	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	174	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	174	2	a	a	DET
epaa-229	174	3	short	short	ADJ
epaa-229	174	4	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	174	5	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	174	6	world	world	PROPN
epaa-229	174	7	war	war	PROPN
epaa-229	174	8	ii	ii	PROPN
epaa-229	174	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	174	10	keeping	keep	VERB
epaa-229	174	11	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	174	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	174	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	174	14	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	174	15	less	less	ADV
epaa-229	174	16	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	174	17	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	174	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	174	19	war	war	NOUN
epaa-229	174	20	effort	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	174	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	174	22	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	174	23	that	that	DET
epaa-229	174	24	change	change	NOUN
epaa-229	174	25	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	174	26	temporary	temporary	ADJ
epaa-229	174	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	175	1	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	175	2	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	175	3	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	175	4	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	175	5	remained	remain	VERB
epaa-229	175	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	175	7	a	a	DET
epaa-229	175	8	plateau	plateau	NOUN
epaa-229	175	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	175	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	175	11	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	175	12	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	175	13	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	175	14	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	175	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	175	16	custodial	custodial	ADJ
epaa-229	175	17	mission	mission	NOUN
epaa-229	175	18	concentrated	concentrate	VERB
epaa-229	175	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	175	20	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	175	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	175	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	175	23	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	175	24	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	175	25	an	an	DET
epaa-229	175	26	ancillary	ancillary	ADJ
epaa-229	175	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	175	28	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	175	29	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	175	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	175	31	result	result	NOUN
epaa-229	175	32	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	175	33	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	175	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	176	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	176	2	custodial	custodial	ADJ
epaa-229	176	3	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-229	176	4	presumes	presume	VERB
epaa-229	176	5	a	a	DET
epaa-229	176	6	monolithic	monolithic	ADJ
epaa-229	176	7	impulse	impulse	NOUN
epaa-229	176	8	to	to	PART
epaa-229	176	9	acquire	acquire	VERB
epaa-229	176	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	176	11	maintain	maintain	VERB
epaa-229	176	12	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
epaa-229	176	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	176	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	176	15	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
epaa-229	176	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	176	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	176	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	176	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	176	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	176	21	an	an	DET
epaa-229	176	22	ideal	ideal	NOUN
epaa-229	176	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	176	24	an	an	DET
epaa-229	176	25	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-229	176	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	177	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	177	2	custodial	custodial	ADJ
epaa-229	177	3	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-229	177	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	177	5	weak	weak	ADJ
epaa-229	177	6	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-229	177	7	that	that	DET
epaa-229	177	8	impulse	impulse	NOUN
epaa-229	177	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	177	10	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-229	177	11	not	not	PART
epaa-229	177	12	monolithic	monolithic	ADJ
epaa-229	177	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	178	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	178	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	178	3	not	not	PART
epaa-229	178	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	178	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	178	6	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-229	178	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	178	8	explain	explain	VERB
epaa-229	178	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	178	10	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-229	178	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	178	12	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	178	13	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	178	14	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	178	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	178	16	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	178	17	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	178	18	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	178	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	179	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	179	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	179	3	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-229	179	4	mission	mission	NOUN
epaa-229	179	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	179	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	179	7	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	179	8	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	179	9	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-229	179	10	shifted	shift	VERB
epaa-229	179	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	179	12	academics	academic	NOUN
epaa-229	179	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	179	14	custodialism	custodialism	NOUN
epaa-229	179	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	179	16	then	then	ADV
epaa-229	179	17	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	179	18	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	179	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	179	20	no	no	DET
epaa-229	179	21	path	path	NOUN
epaa-229	179	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	179	23	a	a	DET
epaa-229	179	24	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	179	25	reserved	reserve	VERB
epaa-229	179	26	entirely	entirely	ADV
epaa-229	179	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	179	28	those	those	DET
epaa-229	179	29	outside	outside	ADJ
epaa-229	179	30	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	179	31	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	179	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	180	1	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-229	180	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	180	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	180	4	custodial	custodial	ADJ
epaa-229	180	5	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-229	180	6	explain	explain	VERB
epaa-229	180	7	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	180	8	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	180	9	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	180	10	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-229	180	11	pushed	push	VERB
epaa-229	180	12	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	180	13	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	180	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	180	15	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-229	180	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	180	17	fine	fine	ADJ
epaa-229	180	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	180	19	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-229	180	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	180	21	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-229	180	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	180	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	180	24	whom	whom	PRON
epaa-229	180	25	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	180	26	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	180	27	theoretically	theoretically	ADV
epaa-229	180	28	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	180	29	an	an	DET
epaa-229	180	30	incentive	incentive	NOUN
epaa-229	180	31	to	to	PART
epaa-229	180	32	claim	claim	VERB
epaa-229	180	33	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	180	34	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-229	180	35	11	11	NUM
epaa-229	180	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	180	37	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	180	38	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-229	180	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	181	1	crucial	crucial	ADJ
epaa-229	181	2	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-229	181	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	181	4	each	each	DET
epaa-229	181	5	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-229	181	6	described	describe	VERB
epaa-229	181	7	above	above	ADV
epaa-229	181	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	181	9	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-229	181	10	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
epaa-229	181	11	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	181	12	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	181	13	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	181	14	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	181	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	181	16	determining	determine	VERB
epaa-229	181	17	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	181	18	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	181	19	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	181	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	181	21	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	181	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	182	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	182	2	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-229	182	3	one	one	NOUN
epaa-229	182	4	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	182	5	ask	ask	VERB
epaa-229	182	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	182	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	182	8	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	182	9	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-229	182	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	182	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	182	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	182	13	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	182	14	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	182	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	182	16	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	182	17	revolve	revolve	NOUN
epaa-229	182	18	around	around	ADP
epaa-229	182	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	182	20	relationships	relationship	NOUN
epaa-229	182	21	among	among	ADP
epaa-229	182	22	various	various	ADJ
epaa-229	182	23	forces	force	NOUN
epaa-229	182	24	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	182	25	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	182	26	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	182	27	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	182	28	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	182	29	facing	face	VERB
epaa-229	182	30	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	182	31	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	182	32	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	182	33	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	182	34	calculate	calculate	VERB
epaa-229	182	35	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-229	182	36	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-229	182	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	182	38	further	further	ADJ
epaa-229	182	39	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	182	40	differently	differently	ADV
epaa-229	182	41	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	182	42	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	182	43	not	not	PART
epaa-229	182	44	facing	face	VERB
epaa-229	182	45	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	182	46	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	182	47	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	182	48	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	182	49	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	183	1	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	183	2	what	what	DET
epaa-229	183	3	extent	extent	NOUN
epaa-229	183	4	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	183	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	183	6	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-229	183	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	183	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	183	9	to	to	PART
epaa-229	183	10	continue	continue	VERB
epaa-229	183	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	183	12	change	change	NOUN
epaa-229	183	13	depending	depend	VERB
epaa-229	183	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	183	15	existing	exist	VERB
epaa-229	183	16	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	183	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	183	18	force	force	NOUN
epaa-229	183	19	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-229	183	20	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	184	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	184	2	incentives	incentive	NOUN
epaa-229	184	3	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	184	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	184	5	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	184	6	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	184	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	184	8	stemming	stem	VERB
epaa-229	184	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	184	10	within	within	ADP
epaa-229	184	11	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	184	12	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	184	13	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	184	14	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	184	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	184	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	184	17	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	184	18	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-229	184	19	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	184	20	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	184	21	respond	respond	VERB
epaa-229	184	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	184	23	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	184	24	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	184	25	fail	fail	VERB
epaa-229	184	26	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	184	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	184	28	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	184	29	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	184	30	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	1	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	185	2	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	185	3	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-229	185	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-229	185	5	apart	apart	ADV
epaa-229	185	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	185	7	test	test	NOUN
epaa-229	185	8	results	result	NOUN
epaa-229	185	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	185	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	185	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	12	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	185	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	185	14	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	185	15	altered	alter	VERB
epaa-229	185	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	185	17	low	low	ADJ
epaa-229	185	18	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	185	19	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	185	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	185	21	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	185	22	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	185	23	often	often	ADV
epaa-229	185	24	set	set	VERB
epaa-229	185	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	185	26	the	the	DET
epaa-229	185	27	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	185	28	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	185	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	30	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	185	31	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-229	185	32	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	185	33	angus	angus	NOUN
epaa-229	185	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	185	35	mirel	mirel	NOUN
epaa-229	185	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	37	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	185	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	40	powell	powell	PROPN
epaa-229	185	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	42	farrar	farrar	PROPN
epaa-229	185	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	185	45	cohen	cohen	PROPN
epaa-229	185	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	47	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	185	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	50	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	185	51	sizer	sizer	PROPN
epaa-229	185	52	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	53	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-229	185	54	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	185	55	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	186	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	186	2	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-229	186	3	earlier	early	ADV
epaa-229	186	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	186	5	these	these	DET
epaa-229	186	6	explanations	explanation	NOUN
epaa-229	186	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	186	8	not	not	PART
epaa-229	186	9	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-229	186	10	mutually	mutually	ADV
epaa-229	186	11	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
epaa-229	186	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	187	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	187	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	187	3	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	187	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	187	5	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	187	6	explanations	explanation	NOUN
epaa-229	187	7	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	187	8	a	a	DET
epaa-229	187	9	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-229	187	10	external	external	ADJ
epaa-229	187	11	force	force	NOUN
epaa-229	187	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	187	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	187	14	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	187	15	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	187	16	theories	theory	NOUN
epaa-229	187	17	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	187	18	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-229	187	19	internal	internal	ADJ
epaa-229	187	20	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
epaa-229	187	21	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	187	22	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-229	187	23	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	187	24	shape	shape	VERB
epaa-229	187	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	187	26	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-229	187	27	available	available	ADJ
epaa-229	187	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	187	29	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	187	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	188	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	188	2	need	need	AUX
epaa-229	188	3	not	not	PART
epaa-229	188	4	choose	choose	VERB
epaa-229	188	5	among	among	ADP
epaa-229	188	6	these	these	DET
epaa-229	188	7	explanations	explanation	NOUN
epaa-229	188	8	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	188	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	188	10	moment	moment	NOUN
epaa-229	188	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	188	12	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-229	188	13	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	188	14	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	188	15	not	not	PART
epaa-229	188	16	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
epaa-229	188	17	conflict	conflict	VERB
epaa-229	188	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	189	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	189	2	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-229	189	3	fellow	fellow	ADJ
epaa-229	189	4	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-229	189	5	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	189	6	prefer	prefer	VERB
epaa-229	189	7	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	189	8	explanation	explanation	NOUN
epaa-229	189	9	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	189	10	another	another	PRON
epaa-229	189	11	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	189	12	not	not	PART
epaa-229	189	13	preclude	preclude	VERB
epaa-229	189	14	consideration	consideration	NOUN
epaa-229	189	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	189	16	them	they	PRON
epaa-229	189	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	189	18	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	189	19	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-229	189	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	189	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	190	1	each	each	PRON
epaa-229	190	2	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-229	190	3	useful	useful	ADJ
epaa-229	190	4	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-229	190	5	to	to	PART
epaa-229	190	6	frame	frame	VERB
epaa-229	190	7	further	further	ADJ
epaa-229	190	8	exploration	exploration	NOUN
epaa-229	190	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	191	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	191	2	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-229	191	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	191	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	191	5	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-229	191	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	191	7	reciprocal	reciprocal	ADJ
epaa-229	191	8	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	191	9	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	191	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	191	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	191	12	movement	movement	NOUN
epaa-229	191	13	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	191	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	191	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	191	16	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	191	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	191	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	191	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	191	20	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	191	21	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	191	22	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	191	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	191	24	indirect	indirect	ADJ
epaa-229	191	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	192	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	192	2	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	192	3	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	192	4	gateway	gateway	NOUN
epaa-229	192	5	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	192	6	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	192	7	not	not	PART
epaa-229	192	8	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-229	192	9	prevent	prevent	VERB
epaa-229	192	10	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	192	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	192	12	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	192	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	192	14	promotional	promotional	ADJ
epaa-229	192	15	gates	gate	NOUN
epaa-229	192	16	earlier	early	ADV
epaa-229	192	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	192	18	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	192	19	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	192	20	result	result	VERB
epaa-229	192	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	192	22	a	a	DET
epaa-229	192	23	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	192	24	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	192	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	192	26	18	18	NUM
epaa-229	192	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	192	28	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	192	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	192	30	olds	old	NOUN
epaa-229	192	31	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	192	32	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	192	33	far	far	ADV
epaa-229	192	34	away	away	ADV
epaa-229	192	35	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	192	36	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	192	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	193	1	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	193	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	193	3	stay	stay	VERB
epaa-229	193	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	193	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	193	6	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	193	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	193	8	expense	expense	NOUN
epaa-229	193	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	193	10	current	current	ADJ
epaa-229	193	11	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-229	193	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	193	13	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	193	14	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	193	15	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	193	16	need	need	VERB
epaa-229	193	17	to	to	PART
epaa-229	193	18	stay	stay	VERB
epaa-229	193	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	193	20	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	193	21	until	until	ADP
epaa-229	193	22	20	20	NUM
epaa-229	193	23	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	194	1	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-229	194	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	194	3	these	these	DET
epaa-229	194	4	promotional	promotional	ADJ
epaa-229	194	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	194	6	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	194	7	gates	gate	NOUN
epaa-229	194	8	point	point	VERB
epaa-229	194	9	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	194	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	194	11	promoting	promote	VERB
epaa-229	194	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	194	13	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	194	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	194	15	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	194	16	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	194	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	194	18	hollow	hollow	ADJ
epaa-229	194	19	events	event	NOUN
epaa-229	194	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	194	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	194	22	i	i	PRON
epaa-229	194	23	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	194	24	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	194	25	enough	enough	ADJ
epaa-229	194	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	194	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	194	28	my	my	PRON
epaa-229	194	29	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	194	30	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-229	194	31	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	194	32	useful	useful	ADJ
epaa-229	194	33	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	194	34	to	to	PART
epaa-229	194	35	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	194	36	sympathetic	sympathetic	ADJ
epaa-229	194	37	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	194	38	that	that	DET
epaa-229	194	39	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-229	194	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	195	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	195	2	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-229	195	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	195	4	discussed	discuss	VERB
epaa-229	195	5	below	below	ADV
epaa-229	195	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	195	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	195	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	195	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	195	10	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	195	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	195	12	a	a	DET
epaa-229	195	13	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	195	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	195	15	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
epaa-229	195	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	195	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	195	18	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	195	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	195	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	195	21	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-229	195	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	195	23	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	195	24	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	195	25	presumably	presumably	ADV
epaa-229	195	26	learns	learn	VERB
epaa-229	195	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	195	28	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	195	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	196	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	196	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	196	3	a	a	DET
epaa-229	196	4	teenager	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	196	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	196	6	usually	usually	ADV
epaa-229	196	7	not	not	PART
epaa-229	196	8	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-229	196	9	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	196	10	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	196	11	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	196	12	she	she	PRON
epaa-229	196	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	196	14	he	he	PRON
epaa-229	196	15	leaves	leave	VERB
epaa-229	196	16	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	196	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	196	18	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	196	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	197	1	historically	historically	ADV
epaa-229	197	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	197	3	self	self	NOUN
epaa-229	197	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	197	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	197	6	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	197	7	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	197	8	a	a	DET
epaa-229	197	9	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-229	197	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	197	11	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	197	12	virtuous	virtuous	ADJ
epaa-229	197	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	197	14	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-229	197	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	197	16	kett	kett	PROPN
epaa-229	197	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	197	18	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-229	197	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	197	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	198	1	stratified	stratify	VERB
epaa-229	198	2	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	198	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	198	4	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-229	198	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	198	6	examining	examine	VERB
epaa-229	198	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	198	8	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	198	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	198	10	changing	change	VERB
epaa-229	198	11	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	198	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	198	13	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	198	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	198	15	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	198	16	must	must	AUX
epaa-229	198	17	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	198	18	note	note	VERB
epaa-229	198	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	198	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	198	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	198	22	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	198	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	198	24	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	198	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	198	26	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	198	27	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	198	28	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	198	29	invented	invent	VERB
epaa-229	198	30	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	198	31	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-229	198	32	to	to	PART
epaa-229	198	33	make	make	VERB
epaa-229	198	34	distinctions	distinction	NOUN
epaa-229	198	35	among	among	ADP
epaa-229	198	36	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	198	37	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	198	38	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-229	198	39	an	an	DET
epaa-229	198	40	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-229	198	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	199	1	a	a	DET
epaa-229	199	2	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	199	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	199	4	originally	originally	ADV
epaa-229	199	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	199	6	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	199	7	a	a	DET
epaa-229	199	8	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	199	9	to	to	PART
epaa-229	199	10	establish	establish	VERB
epaa-229	199	11	a	a	DET
epaa-229	199	12	category	category	NOUN
epaa-229	199	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	199	14	a	a	DET
epaa-229	199	15	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-229	199	16	small	small	ADJ
epaa-229	199	17	portion	portion	NOUN
epaa-229	199	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	199	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	199	20	small	small	ADJ
epaa-229	199	21	group	group	NOUN
epaa-229	199	22	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	199	23	attended	attend	VERB
epaa-229	199	24	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	199	25	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	199	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	199	27	the	the	DET
epaa-229	199	28	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ
epaa-229	199	29	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	199	30	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	199	31	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	199	32	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	199	33	completed	complete	VERB
epaa-229	199	34	a	a	DET
epaa-229	199	35	program	program	NOUN
epaa-229	199	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	199	37	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-229	199	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	200	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	200	2	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	200	3	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	200	4	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	200	5	witnessed	witness	VERB
epaa-229	200	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	200	7	introduction	introduction	NOUN
epaa-229	200	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	200	9	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-229	200	10	diffferentiation	diffferentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	200	11	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	200	12	tracking	tracking	NOUN
epaa-229	200	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	200	14	separate	separate	ADJ
epaa-229	200	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	200	16	specialized	specialized	ADJ
epaa-229	200	17	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	200	18	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	200	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	201	1	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	201	2	recently	recently	ADV
epaa-229	201	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	201	4	states	state	NOUN
epaa-229	201	5	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	201	6	created	create	VERB
epaa-229	201	7	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	201	8	types	type	NOUN
epaa-229	201	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	201	10	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	201	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	202	1	all	all	PRON
epaa-229	202	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	202	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	202	4	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-229	202	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	202	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	202	7	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	202	8	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	202	9	form	form	NOUN
epaa-229	202	10	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	202	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	202	12	a	a	DET
epaa-229	202	13	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	202	14	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-229	202	15	repertoire	repertoire	NOUN
epaa-229	202	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	202	17	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-229	202	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	202	19	compartmentalizing	compartmentalize	VERB
epaa-229	202	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	202	21	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	202	22	pressed	press	VERB
epaa-229	202	23	to	to	PART
epaa-229	202	24	solve	solve	VERB
epaa-229	202	25	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-229	202	26	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	202	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	203	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	203	2	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	203	3	12	12	NUM
epaa-229	203	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	203	5	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	203	6	anticipate	anticipate	VERB
epaa-229	203	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	203	8	based	base	VERB
epaa-229	203	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	203	10	this	this	DET
epaa-229	203	11	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	203	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	203	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	203	14	all	all	DET
epaa-229	203	15	states	state	NOUN
epaa-229	203	16	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	203	17	shortly	shortly	ADV
epaa-229	203	18	invent	invent	VERB
epaa-229	203	19	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	203	20	categories	category	NOUN
epaa-229	203	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	203	22	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	203	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	203	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	203	25	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	203	26	fail	fail	VERB
epaa-229	203	27	to	to	PART
epaa-229	203	28	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-229	203	29	exit	exit	NOUN
epaa-229	203	30	exam	exam	NOUN
epaa-229	203	31	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	203	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	203	33	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	203	34	those	those	DET
epaa-229	203	35	numbers	number	NOUN
epaa-229	203	36	balloon	balloon	VERB
epaa-229	203	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	203	38	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	203	39	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	203	40	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	203	41	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	203	42	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	203	43	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	203	44	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	203	45	cooled	cool	VERB
epaa-229	203	46	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	203	47	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	203	48	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	203	49	see	see	VERB
epaa-229	203	50	clark	clark	NOUN
epaa-229	203	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	203	52	1960	1960	NUM
epaa-229	203	53	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	203	54	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	203	55	non	non	ADJ
epaa-229	203	56	-	-	ADJ
epaa-229	203	57	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	203	58	exit	exit	NOUN
epaa-229	203	59	routes	route	NOUN
epaa-229	203	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	204	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	204	2	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	204	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	204	4	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-229	204	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	204	6	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	204	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	204	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	204	9	meaning	meaning	NOUN
epaa-229	204	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	204	11	a	a	DET
epaa-229	204	12	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	204	13	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	204	14	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-229	204	15	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
epaa-229	204	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	204	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	204	18	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	204	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	204	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	204	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	205	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	205	2	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-229	205	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	205	4	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	205	5	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	205	6	attended	attend	VERB
epaa-229	205	7	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	205	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	205	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	205	10	any	any	DET
epaa-229	205	11	sort	sort	NOUN
epaa-229	205	12	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	205	13	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-229	205	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	205	15	academies	academy	NOUN
epaa-229	205	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	205	17	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-229	205	18	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	205	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	205	20	grammar	grammar	NOUN
epaa-229	205	21	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	205	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	205	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	205	24	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	205	25	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	205	26	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	205	27	stayed	stay	VERB
epaa-229	205	28	briefly	briefly	ADV
epaa-229	205	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	206	1	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	206	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	206	3	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	206	4	families	family	NOUN
epaa-229	206	5	often	often	ADV
epaa-229	206	6	found	find	VERB
epaa-229	206	7	something	something	PRON
epaa-229	206	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	206	9	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	206	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	206	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	206	12	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	206	13	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	206	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	206	15	piece	piece	NOUN
epaa-229	206	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	206	17	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-229	206	18	documenting	document	VERB
epaa-229	206	19	completion	completion	NOUN
epaa-229	206	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	206	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	206	22	program	program	NOUN
epaa-229	206	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	206	24	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-229	206	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	207	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	207	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-229	207	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	207	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	207	5	vast	vast	ADJ
epaa-229	207	6	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-229	207	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	207	8	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ
epaa-229	207	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	207	10	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	207	11	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	207	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	207	13	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
epaa-229	207	14	's	's	PART
epaa-229	207	15	central	central	ADJ
epaa-229	207	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	207	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	207	18	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-229	207	19	to	to	PART
epaa-229	207	20	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-229	207	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	207	22	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	207	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	208	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-229	208	2	this	this	DET
epaa-229	208	3	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-229	208	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	208	5	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	208	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	208	7	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	208	8	had	have	AUX
epaa-229	208	9	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	208	10	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
epaa-229	208	11	attractive	attractive	ADJ
epaa-229	208	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	208	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	208	14	late	late	ADJ
epaa-229	208	15	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ
epaa-229	208	16	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	208	17	to	to	PART
epaa-229	208	18	force	force	VERB
epaa-229	208	19	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
epaa-229	208	20	's	's	PART
epaa-229	208	21	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	208	22	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	208	23	to	to	PART
epaa-229	208	24	open	open	VERB
epaa-229	208	25	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	208	26	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	208	27	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	208	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	208	29	labaree	labaree	NOUN
epaa-229	208	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	208	31	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-229	208	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	208	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	209	1	so	so	ADV
epaa-229	209	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	209	3	too	too	ADV
epaa-229	209	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	209	5	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	209	6	concerned	concerned	ADJ
epaa-229	209	7	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	209	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	209	9	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-229	209	10	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	209	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	209	12	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	209	13	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	209	14	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	209	15	concerned	concerned	ADJ
epaa-229	209	16	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	209	17	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-229	209	18	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-229	209	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	209	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	209	21	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	209	22	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	209	23	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	209	24	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	209	25	call	call	VERB
epaa-229	209	26	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	209	27	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	209	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	209	29	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	209	30	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	209	31	the	the	DET
epaa-229	209	32	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
epaa-229	209	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	209	34	the	the	DET
epaa-229	209	35	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	209	36	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-229	209	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	209	38	kett	kett	PROPN
epaa-229	209	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	209	40	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-229	209	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	209	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	210	1	only	only	ADV
epaa-229	210	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	210	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	210	4	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	210	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	210	6	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	210	7	described	describe	VERB
epaa-229	210	8	below	below	ADV
epaa-229	210	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	210	10	did	do	AUX
epaa-229	210	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	210	12	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	210	13	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	210	14	a	a	DET
epaa-229	210	15	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
epaa-229	210	16	powerful	powerful	ADJ
epaa-229	210	17	expectation	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	210	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	210	19	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	210	20	opposite	opposite	NOUN
epaa-229	210	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	210	22	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	210	23	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	210	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	210	25	commanded	commanded	ADJ
epaa-229	210	26	headline	headline	NOUN
epaa-229	210	27	status	status	NOUN
epaa-229	210	28	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	210	29	a	a	DET
epaa-229	210	30	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	210	31	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	210	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	211	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	211	2	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	211	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	211	4	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	211	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	211	6	though	though	ADV
epaa-229	211	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	211	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	211	9	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	211	10	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	211	11	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	211	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	211	13	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	211	14	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	211	15	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	211	16	creating	create	VERB
epaa-229	211	17	an	an	DET
epaa-229	211	18	incentive	incentive	NOUN
epaa-229	211	19	to	to	PART
epaa-229	211	20	separate	separate	VERB
epaa-229	211	21	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	211	22	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-229	211	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	211	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	211	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	211	26	various	various	ADJ
epaa-229	211	27	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-229	211	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	212	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	212	2	labaree	labaree	NOUN
epaa-229	212	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	212	4	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-229	212	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	212	6	explained	explain	VERB
epaa-229	212	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	212	8	regard	regard	NOUN
epaa-229	212	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	212	10	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
epaa-229	212	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	212	12	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	212	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	212	14	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	212	15	under	under	ADP
epaa-229	212	16	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-229	212	17	both	both	PRON
epaa-229	212	18	to	to	PART
epaa-229	212	19	maintain	maintain	VERB
epaa-229	212	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	212	21	credential	credential	ADJ
epaa-229	212	22	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	212	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	212	24	a	a	DET
epaa-229	212	25	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	212	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	212	27	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	212	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	212	29	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	212	30	to	to	PART
epaa-229	212	31	open	open	VERB
epaa-229	212	32	up	up	ADP
epaa-229	212	33	access	access	NOUN
epaa-229	212	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	213	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	213	2	solution	solution	NOUN
epaa-229	213	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	213	4	reached	reach	VERB
epaa-229	213	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	213	6	1939	1939	NUM
epaa-229	213	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	213	8	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
epaa-229	213	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	213	10	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	213	11	a	a	DET
epaa-229	213	12	stratified	stratified	ADJ
epaa-229	213	13	set	set	NOUN
epaa-229	213	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	213	15	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	213	16	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	213	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	214	1	central	central	ADJ
epaa-229	214	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	214	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	214	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	214	5	reborn	reborn	ADJ
epaa-229	214	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	214	7	a	a	DET
epaa-229	214	8	selective	selective	ADJ
epaa-229	214	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	214	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	214	11	open	open	ADJ
epaa-229	214	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	214	13	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	214	14	citywide	citywide	ADJ
epaa-229	214	15	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	214	16	competitive	competitive	ADJ
epaa-229	214	17	admissions	admission	NOUN
epaa-229	214	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	214	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	214	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	214	21	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	214	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	214	23	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	214	24	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	214	25	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
epaa-229	214	26	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	214	27	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	214	28	open	open	ADJ
epaa-229	214	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	214	30	all	all	PRON
epaa-229	214	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	214	32	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	214	33	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	214	34	area	area	NOUN
epaa-229	214	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	215	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	215	2	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	215	3	large	large	ADJ
epaa-229	215	4	cities	city	NOUN
epaa-229	215	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	215	6	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	215	7	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	215	8	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	215	9	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	215	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	215	11	established	establish	VERB
epaa-229	215	12	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-229	215	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	215	14	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
epaa-229	215	15	organizations	organization	NOUN
epaa-229	215	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	215	17	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	215	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	216	1	some	some	PRON
epaa-229	216	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	216	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	216	4	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	216	5	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	216	6	did	do	AUX
epaa-229	216	7	not	not	PART
epaa-229	216	8	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	216	9	a	a	DET
epaa-229	216	10	central	central	ADJ
epaa-229	216	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	216	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	216	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	216	14	bronx	bronx	PROPN
epaa-229	216	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	216	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	216	17	science	science	NOUN
epaa-229	216	18	created	create	VERB
epaa-229	216	19	vocational	vocational	ADJ
epaa-229	216	20	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	216	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	216	22	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	216	23	could	could	AUX
epaa-229	216	24	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-229	216	25	to	to	PART
epaa-229	216	26	boost	boost	VERB
epaa-229	216	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	216	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	216	29	erode	erode	VERB
epaa-229	216	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	216	31	the	the	DET
epaa-229	216	32	reputation	reputation	NOUN
epaa-229	216	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	216	34	the	the	DET
epaa-229	216	35	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	216	36	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	216	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	217	1	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	217	2	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	217	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	217	4	establishment	establishment	NOUN
epaa-229	217	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	217	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	217	7	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	217	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	217	9	unique	unique	ADJ
epaa-229	217	10	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	217	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	217	12	entrance	entrance	NOUN
epaa-229	217	13	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-229	217	14	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	217	15	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	217	16	step	step	NOUN
epaa-229	217	17	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-229	217	18	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	217	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	217	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	217	21	within	within	ADP
epaa-229	217	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	217	23	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	217	24	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	217	25	tracking	tracking	NOUN
epaa-229	217	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	217	27	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	217	28	had	have	AUX
epaa-229	217	29	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-229	217	30	earlier	early	ADV
epaa-229	217	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	217	32	the	the	DET
epaa-229	217	33	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	217	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	217	35	angus	angus	NOUN
epaa-229	217	36	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	217	37	mirel	mirel	PROPN
epaa-229	217	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	217	39	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	217	40	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	217	41	herbst	herbst	PROPN
epaa-229	217	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	217	43	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	217	44	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	217	45	krug	krug	PROPN
epaa-229	217	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	217	47	1964	1964	NUM
epaa-229	217	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	217	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	218	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	218	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	218	3	not	not	PART
epaa-229	218	4	a	a	DET
epaa-229	218	5	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-229	218	6	change	change	NOUN
epaa-229	218	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	218	8	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-229	218	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	218	10	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	218	11	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	218	12	created	create	VERB
epaa-229	218	13	separate	separate	ADJ
epaa-229	218	14	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	218	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	218	16	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	218	17	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-229	218	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	218	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	218	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	218	21	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-229	218	22	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	218	23	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	218	24	occasionally	occasionally	ADV
epaa-229	218	25	controversial	controversial	ADJ
epaa-229	218	26	locally	locally	ADV
epaa-229	218	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	218	28	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	218	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	218	30	an	an	DET
epaa-229	218	31	attempt	attempt	NOUN
epaa-229	218	32	to	to	PART
epaa-229	218	33	create	create	VERB
epaa-229	218	34	a	a	DET
epaa-229	218	35	separate	separate	ADJ
epaa-229	218	36	vocational	vocational	ADJ
epaa-229	218	37	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	218	38	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	218	39	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	218	40	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-229	218	41	early	early	ADV
epaa-229	218	42	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	218	43	the	the	DET
epaa-229	218	44	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	218	45	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	218	46	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-229	218	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	218	48	katznelson	katznelson	PROPN
epaa-229	218	49	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	218	50	weir	weir	PROPN
epaa-229	218	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	218	52	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	218	53	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	218	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	219	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	219	2	creation	creation	NOUN
epaa-229	219	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	219	4	separate	separate	ADJ
epaa-229	219	5	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	219	6	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-229	219	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	219	8	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	219	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	219	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	219	11	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	219	12	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	219	13	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	219	14	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	219	15	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	219	16	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	219	17	willing	willing	ADJ
epaa-229	219	18	to	to	PART
epaa-229	219	19	create	create	VERB
epaa-229	219	20	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	219	21	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	219	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	219	23	a	a	DET
epaa-229	219	24	flexible	flexible	ADJ
epaa-229	219	25	manner	manner	NOUN
epaa-229	219	26	to	to	PART
epaa-229	219	27	respond	respond	VERB
epaa-229	219	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	219	29	various	various	ADJ
epaa-229	219	30	pressures	pressure	NOUN
epaa-229	219	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	219	32	tyack	tyack	NOUN
epaa-229	219	33	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	219	34	cuban	cuban	ADJ
epaa-229	219	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	219	36	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-229	219	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	219	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	220	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	220	2	consequence	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	220	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	220	4	this	this	DET
epaa-229	220	5	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
epaa-229	220	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	220	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	220	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	220	9	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	220	10	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	220	11	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	220	12	willing	willing	ADJ
epaa-229	220	13	to	to	PART
epaa-229	220	14	create	create	VERB
epaa-229	220	15	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	220	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	220	17	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	220	18	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-229	220	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	220	20	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	220	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	221	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	221	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	221	3	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	221	4	fifteen	fifteen	NUM
epaa-229	221	5	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	221	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	221	7	states	state	NOUN
epaa-229	221	8	across	across	ADP
epaa-229	221	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	221	10	country	country	NOUN
epaa-229	221	11	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	221	12	created	create	VERB
epaa-229	221	13	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	221	14	official	official	NOUN
epaa-229	221	15	diplomas	diploma	VERB
epaa-229	221	16	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	221	17	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	221	18	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	221	19	an	an	DET
epaa-229	221	20	unofficial	unofficial	ADJ
epaa-229	221	21	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	221	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	221	23	some	some	DET
epaa-229	221	24	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-229	221	25	to	to	PART
epaa-229	221	26	steer	steer	VERB
epaa-229	221	27	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	221	28	into	into	ADP
epaa-229	221	29	ged	ged	ADJ
epaa-229	221	30	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	221	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	222	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	222	2	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-229	222	3	report	report	NOUN
epaa-229	222	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	222	5	guy	guy	NOUN
epaa-229	222	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	222	7	shin	shin	PROPN
epaa-229	222	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	222	9	lee	lee	PROPN
epaa-229	222	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	222	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	222	12	thurlow	thurlow	PROPN
epaa-229	222	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	222	14	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	222	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	222	16	documented	document	VERB
epaa-229	222	17	fifteen	fifteen	NUM
epaa-229	222	18	separate	separate	ADJ
epaa-229	222	19	types	type	NOUN
epaa-229	222	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	222	21	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	222	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	222	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	222	24	fifty	fifty	NUM
epaa-229	222	25	states	state	NOUN
epaa-229	222	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	222	27	the	the	DET
epaa-229	222	28	district	district	NOUN
epaa-229	222	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	222	30	columbia	columbia	PROPN
epaa-229	222	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	222	32	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	222	33	after	after	ADP
epaa-229	222	34	collapsing	collapse	VERB
epaa-229	222	35	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	222	36	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	222	37	into	into	ADP
epaa-229	222	38	four	four	NUM
epaa-229	222	39	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-229	222	40	categories	category	NOUN
epaa-229	222	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	222	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	223	1	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	223	2	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	223	3	ago	ago	ADV
epaa-229	223	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	223	5	eight	eight	NUM
epaa-229	223	6	states	state	NOUN
epaa-229	223	7	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	223	8	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	223	9	type	type	NOUN
epaa-229	223	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	223	11	exit	exit	NOUN
epaa-229	223	12	document	document	NOUN
epaa-229	223	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	223	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	223	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	223	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	223	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	224	1	twelve	twelve	NUM
epaa-229	224	2	states	state	NOUN
epaa-229	224	3	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	224	4	some	some	DET
epaa-229	224	5	type	type	NOUN
epaa-229	224	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	224	7	honors	honor	NOUN
epaa-229	224	8	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	224	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	224	10	35	35	NUM
epaa-229	224	11	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	224	12	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-229	224	13	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	224	14	iep	iep	X
epaa-229	224	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	224	16	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	224	17	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	224	18	certificates	certificate	NOUN
epaa-229	224	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	224	20	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	224	21	13	13	NUM
epaa-229	224	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	224	23	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	224	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	224	25	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-229	224	26	available	available	ADJ
epaa-229	224	27	only	only	ADV
epaa-229	224	28	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	224	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	224	30	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	224	31	disabilities	disability	NOUN
epaa-229	224	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	224	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	224	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	224	35	thirteen	thirteen	NUM
epaa-229	224	36	states	state	NOUN
epaa-229	224	37	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	224	38	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-229	224	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	224	40	idiosyncratic	idiosyncratic	ADJ
epaa-229	224	41	types	type	NOUN
epaa-229	224	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	224	43	exit	exit	NOUN
epaa-229	224	44	document	document	NOUN
epaa-229	224	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	225	1	administrative	administrative	ADJ
epaa-229	225	2	databases	database	NOUN
epaa-229	225	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	225	4	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	225	5	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	225	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	225	7	common	common	ADJ
epaa-229	225	8	core	core	NOUN
epaa-229	225	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	225	10	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-229	225	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	225	12	often	often	ADV
epaa-229	225	13	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	225	14	not	not	PART
epaa-229	225	15	make	make	VERB
epaa-229	225	16	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	225	17	fine	fine	ADJ
epaa-229	225	18	distinctions	distinction	NOUN
epaa-229	225	19	among	among	ADP
epaa-229	225	20	types	type	NOUN
epaa-229	225	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	225	22	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	225	23	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	225	24	granted	grant	VERB
epaa-229	225	25	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	225	26	a	a	DET
epaa-229	225	27	single	single	ADJ
epaa-229	225	28	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-229	225	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	225	30	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	225	31	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	225	32	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	225	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	225	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	225	35	this	this	DET
epaa-229	225	36	case	case	NOUN
epaa-229	225	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	225	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	226	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	226	2	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
epaa-229	226	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	226	4	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	226	5	types	type	NOUN
epaa-229	226	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	226	7	both	both	PRON
epaa-229	226	8	granted	grant	VERB
epaa-229	226	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	226	10	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	226	11	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	226	12	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-229	226	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	226	14	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	226	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	226	16	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-229	226	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	226	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	226	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	226	20	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	226	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	226	22	requires	require	VERB
epaa-229	226	23	some	some	DET
epaa-229	226	24	study	study	NOUN
epaa-229	226	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	227	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	227	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-229	227	3	a	a	DET
epaa-229	227	4	real	real	ADJ
epaa-229	227	5	danger	danger	NOUN
epaa-229	227	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	227	7	some	some	DET
epaa-229	227	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	227	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	227	10	unable	unable	ADJ
epaa-229	227	11	to	to	PART
epaa-229	227	12	succeed	succeed	VERB
epaa-229	227	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	227	14	mandatory	mandatory	ADJ
epaa-229	227	15	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	227	16	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	227	17	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-229	227	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	227	19	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	227	20	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	227	21	granted	grant	VERB
epaa-229	227	22	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	227	23	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	227	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	227	25	others	other	NOUN
epaa-229	227	26	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	227	27	see	see	VERB
epaa-229	227	28	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	227	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	227	30	watered	water	VERB
epaa-229	227	31	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	227	32	down	down	NOUN
epaa-229	227	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	227	34	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	227	35	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-229	227	36	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-229	227	37	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	227	38	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	227	39	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	227	40	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	227	41	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	227	42	steering	steer	VERB
epaa-229	227	43	into	into	ADP
epaa-229	227	44	ged	ged	ADJ
epaa-229	227	45	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	227	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	228	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	228	2	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	228	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	228	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	228	5	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	228	6	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	228	7	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	228	8	replete	replete	ADJ
epaa-229	228	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	228	10	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
epaa-229	228	11	ingenious	ingenious	ADJ
epaa-229	228	12	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-229	228	13	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	228	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	228	15	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	228	16	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	228	17	undermined	undermine	VERB
epaa-229	228	18	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	228	19	to	to	PART
epaa-229	228	20	raise	raise	VERB
epaa-229	228	21	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	228	22	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	228	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	228	24	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	228	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	228	26	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	228	27	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	228	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	228	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	228	30	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	228	31	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	228	32	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	228	33	wish	wish	VERB
epaa-229	228	34	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	228	35	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	228	36	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	228	37	avoid	avoid	VERB
epaa-229	228	38	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	228	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	228	40	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	228	41	must	must	AUX
epaa-229	228	42	not	not	PART
epaa-229	228	43	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	228	44	blind	blind	ADJ
epaa-229	228	45	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	228	46	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	228	47	tendency	tendency	NOUN
epaa-229	228	48	to	to	PART
epaa-229	228	49	engage	engage	VERB
epaa-229	228	50	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	228	51	precisely	precisely	ADV
epaa-229	228	52	this	this	DET
epaa-229	228	53	type	type	NOUN
epaa-229	228	54	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	228	55	response	response	NOUN
epaa-229	228	56	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	228	57	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	228	58	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	228	59	demands	demand	NOUN
epaa-229	228	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	229	1	some	some	PRON
epaa-229	229	2	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	229	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	229	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	229	5	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	229	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	229	7	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	229	8	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	229	9	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	229	10	less	less	ADV
epaa-229	229	11	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	229	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	229	13	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	229	14	role	role	NOUN
epaa-229	229	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	229	16	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	229	17	people	people	NOUN
epaa-229	229	18	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	229	19	an	an	DET
epaa-229	229	20	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
epaa-229	229	21	step	step	NOUN
epaa-229	229	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	229	23	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	229	24	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	229	25	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	229	26	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	229	27	a	a	DET
epaa-229	229	28	terminal	terminal	ADJ
epaa-229	229	29	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	229	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	230	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	230	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	230	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	230	4	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-229	230	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	230	6	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	230	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	230	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	230	9	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	230	10	parallel	parallel	ADJ
epaa-229	230	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	230	12	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	230	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	230	14	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	230	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	230	16	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-229	230	17	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
epaa-229	230	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	230	19	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-229	230	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	230	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	230	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	230	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	230	24	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	230	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	230	26	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-229	230	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	230	28	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	230	29	the	the	DET
epaa-229	230	30	mid	mid	ADJ
epaa-229	230	31	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	230	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	230	33	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	230	34	sequencing	sequencing	NOUN
epaa-229	230	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	230	36	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	230	37	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	230	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	230	39	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	230	40	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	230	41	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	230	42	eroded	erode	VERB
epaa-229	230	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	231	1	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	231	2	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	231	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	231	4	viewing	view	VERB
epaa-229	231	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	231	6	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	231	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	231	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	231	9	too	too	ADV
epaa-229	231	10	narrowly	narrowly	ADV
epaa-229	231	11	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	231	12	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	231	13	did	do	AUX
epaa-229	231	14	not	not	PART
epaa-229	231	15	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
epaa-229	231	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	231	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	231	18	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	231	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	231	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	231	21	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	231	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	231	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	231	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	231	25	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-229	231	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	231	27	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-229	231	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	231	29	buildings	building	NOUN
epaa-229	231	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	231	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	231	32	diplomas	diploma	VERB
epaa-229	231	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	231	34	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	231	35	paralleled	parallel	VERB
epaa-229	231	36	the	the	DET
epaa-229	231	37	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	231	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	231	39	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	231	40	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	231	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	232	1	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-229	232	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	232	3	universities	university	NOUN
epaa-229	232	4	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-229	232	5	electives	elective	NOUN
epaa-229	232	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	232	7	majors	major	NOUN
epaa-229	232	8	a	a	DET
epaa-229	232	9	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	232	10	ago	ago	ADV
epaa-229	232	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	233	1	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	233	2	recently	recently	ADV
epaa-229	233	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	233	4	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	233	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	233	6	community	community	NOUN
epaa-229	233	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	233	8	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	233	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	233	10	adult	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	233	11	vocational	vocational	ADJ
epaa-229	233	12	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	233	13	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	233	14	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-229	233	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	233	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	233	17	alleged	allege	VERB
epaa-229	233	18	need	need	NOUN
epaa-229	233	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	233	20	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	233	21	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	233	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	233	23	certificates	certificate	NOUN
epaa-229	233	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	233	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	233	26	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	233	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	233	28	parnell	parnell	PROPN
epaa-229	233	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	233	30	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	233	31	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	233	32	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	233	33	center	center	NOUN
epaa-229	233	34	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	233	35	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	233	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	233	37	the	the	DET
epaa-229	233	38	economy	economy	NOUN
epaa-229	233	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	233	40	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-229	233	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	233	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	234	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	234	2	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-229	234	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	234	4	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	234	5	push	push	NOUN
epaa-229	234	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	234	7	vocational	vocational	ADJ
epaa-229	234	8	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-229	234	9	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	234	10	envisioned	envision	VERB
epaa-229	234	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	234	12	early	early	PROPN
epaa-229	234	13	clinton	clinton	PROPN
epaa-229	234	14	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-229	234	15	officials	official	NOUN
epaa-229	234	16	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	234	17	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-229	234	18	disappeared	disappear	VERB
epaa-229	234	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	234	20	community	community	NOUN
epaa-229	234	21	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-229	234	22	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	234	23	taken	take	VERB
epaa-229	234	24	up	up	ADP
epaa-229	234	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	234	26	call	call	NOUN
epaa-229	234	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	234	28	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-229	234	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	234	30	like	like	ADJ
epaa-229	234	31	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	234	32	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	234	33	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	234	34	own	own	ADJ
epaa-229	234	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	235	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	235	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	235	3	same	same	ADJ
epaa-229	235	4	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	235	5	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	235	6	community	community	NOUN
epaa-229	235	7	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-229	235	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	235	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	235	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	235	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	235	12	creating	create	VERB
epaa-229	235	13	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	235	14	types	type	NOUN
epaa-229	235	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	235	16	exit	exit	NOUN
epaa-229	235	17	document	document	NOUN
epaa-229	235	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	235	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	235	20	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	235	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	235	22	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	235	23	sequencing	sequencing	NOUN
epaa-229	235	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	235	25	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	235	26	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	235	27	started	start	VERB
epaa-229	235	28	to	to	PART
epaa-229	235	29	decay	decay	VERB
epaa-229	235	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	236	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	236	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	236	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	236	4	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	236	5	enroll	enroll	VERB
epaa-229	236	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	236	7	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-229	236	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	236	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	236	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	236	11	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	236	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	236	13	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	236	14	places	place	NOUN
epaa-229	236	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	237	1	a	a	DET
epaa-229	237	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	237	3	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	237	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	237	5	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	237	6	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	237	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	237	8	older	old	ADJ
epaa-229	237	9	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	237	10	25	25	NUM
epaa-229	237	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	238	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	238	2	adolescents	adolescent	NOUN
epaa-229	238	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	238	4	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	238	5	exit	exit	NOUN
epaa-229	238	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	238	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	238	8	reenter	reenter	VERB
epaa-229	238	9	schooling	school	VERB
epaa-229	238	10	several	several	ADJ
epaa-229	238	11	times	time	NOUN
epaa-229	238	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	239	1	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	239	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	239	3	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-229	239	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	239	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	239	6	no	no	ADV
epaa-229	239	7	longer	long	ADV
epaa-229	239	8	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-229	239	9	an	an	DET
epaa-229	239	10	exit	exit	NOUN
epaa-229	239	11	document	document	NOUN
epaa-229	239	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	239	13	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	239	14	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	239	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	239	16	leaving	leave	VERB
epaa-229	239	17	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-229	239	18	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	239	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	240	1	understanding	understand	VERB
epaa-229	240	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	240	3	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-229	240	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	240	5	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	240	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	240	7	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	240	8	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	240	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	240	10	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	240	11	requires	require	VERB
epaa-229	240	12	consideration	consideration	NOUN
epaa-229	240	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	240	14	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-229	240	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	240	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	240	17	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-229	240	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	240	19	immediate	immediate	ADJ
epaa-229	240	20	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	240	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	240	22	a	a	DET
epaa-229	240	23	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	240	24	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	240	25	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	240	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	240	27	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	240	28	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	240	29	use	use	NOUN
epaa-229	240	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	240	31	a	a	DET
epaa-229	240	32	key	key	NOUN
epaa-229	240	33	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	240	34	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-229	240	35	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	240	36	later	later	ADV
epaa-229	240	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	240	38	life	life	NOUN
epaa-229	240	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	241	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	241	2	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-229	241	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	241	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	241	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	241	6	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	241	7	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	241	8	not	not	PART
epaa-229	241	9	degraded	degrade	VERB
epaa-229	241	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	241	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	241	12	point	point	NOUN
epaa-229	241	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	241	14	eighth	eighth	ADJ
epaa-229	241	15	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-229	241	16	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	241	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	241	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	241	19	some	some	DET
epaa-229	241	20	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	241	21	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	241	22	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	241	23	a	a	DET
epaa-229	241	24	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	241	25	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	241	26	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	241	27	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	241	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	241	29	highest	high	ADJ
epaa-229	241	30	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	241	31	credential	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	241	32	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	241	33	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	241	34	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-229	241	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	241	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	241	37	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	241	38	some	some	DET
epaa-229	241	39	parallel	parallel	NOUN
epaa-229	241	40	remains	remain	VERB
epaa-229	241	41	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	241	42	both	both	PRON
epaa-229	241	43	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	241	44	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-229	241	45	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	241	46	continued	continue	VERB
epaa-229	241	47	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	241	48	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	241	49	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	241	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	242	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	242	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-229	242	3	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	242	4	logical	logical	ADJ
epaa-229	242	5	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	242	6	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	242	7	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-229	242	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	242	9	this	this	DET
epaa-229	242	10	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	242	11	context	context	NOUN
epaa-229	242	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	243	1	first	first	ADV
epaa-229	243	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	243	3	measuring	measure	VERB
epaa-229	243	4	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	243	5	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	243	6	requires	require	VERB
epaa-229	243	7	a	a	DET
epaa-229	243	8	life	life	NOUN
epaa-229	243	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	243	10	course	course	NOUN
epaa-229	243	11	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-229	243	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	243	13	measuring	measure	VERB
epaa-229	243	14	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	243	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	243	16	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
epaa-229	243	17	not	not	PART
epaa-229	243	18	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	243	19	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-229	243	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	243	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	243	22	multi	multi	ADJ
epaa-229	243	23	-	-	ADJ
epaa-229	243	24	state	state	ADJ
epaa-229	243	25	life	life	NOUN
epaa-229	243	26	table	table	NOUN
epaa-229	243	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	243	28	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-229	243	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	243	30	land	land	NOUN
epaa-229	243	31	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	243	32	hough	hough	PROPN
epaa-229	243	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	243	34	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-229	243	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	243	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	243	37	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	243	38	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	243	39	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	243	40	accommodates	accommodate	VERB
epaa-229	243	41	the	the	DET
epaa-229	243	42	various	various	ADJ
epaa-229	243	43	stops	stop	NOUN
epaa-229	243	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	243	45	starts	start	VERB
epaa-229	243	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	243	47	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-229	243	48	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	243	49	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	243	50	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	243	51	common	common	ADJ
epaa-229	243	52	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	243	53	the	the	DET
epaa-229	243	54	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ
epaa-229	243	55	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	243	56	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	243	57	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	243	58	becoming	become	VERB
epaa-229	243	59	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	243	60	common	common	ADJ
epaa-229	243	61	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	243	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	244	1	second	second	ADJ
epaa-229	244	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	244	3	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	244	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	244	5	completion	completion	NOUN
epaa-229	244	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	244	7	a	a	DET
epaa-229	244	8	step	step	NOUN
epaa-229	244	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	244	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	244	11	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	244	12	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	244	13	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-229	244	14	uses	use	NOUN
epaa-229	244	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	245	1	measuring	measure	VERB
epaa-229	245	2	only	only	ADV
epaa-229	245	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	245	4	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-229	245	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	245	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	245	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	245	8	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	245	9	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	245	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	245	11	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-229	245	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	245	13	income	income	NOUN
epaa-229	245	14	misses	miss	VERB
epaa-229	245	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	245	16	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	245	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	245	18	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	245	19	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	245	20	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	245	21	prerequisites	prerequisite	NOUN
epaa-229	245	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	245	23	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	245	24	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	245	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	246	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	246	2	a	a	DET
epaa-229	246	3	consequence	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	246	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	246	5	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	246	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	246	7	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	246	8	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	246	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	246	10	a	a	DET
epaa-229	246	11	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-229	246	12	probability	probability	NOUN
epaa-229	246	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	246	14	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	246	15	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	246	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	246	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	246	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	246	19	then	then	ADV
epaa-229	246	20	a	a	DET
epaa-229	246	21	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	246	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	246	23	term	term	NOUN
epaa-229	246	24	result	result	NOUN
epaa-229	246	25	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	246	26	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	246	27	a	a	DET
epaa-229	246	28	14	14	NUM
epaa-229	246	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	246	30	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	246	31	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-229	246	32	probability	probability	NOUN
epaa-229	246	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	246	34	having	have	VERB
epaa-229	246	35	access	access	NOUN
epaa-229	246	36	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	246	37	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-229	246	38	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	246	39	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	246	40	later	later	ADV
epaa-229	246	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	246	42	life	life	NOUN
epaa-229	246	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	247	1	meaning	mean	VERB
epaa-229	247	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	247	3	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-229	247	4	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	247	5	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	247	6	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	247	7	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-229	247	8	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	247	9	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	247	10	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-229	247	11	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	247	12	chances	chance	NOUN
epaa-229	247	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	247	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	247	15	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-229	247	16	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	247	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	247	18	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	247	19	meaning	meaning	NOUN
epaa-229	247	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	247	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	247	22	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	247	23	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	247	24	changed	change	VERB
epaa-229	247	25	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	247	26	the	the	DET
epaa-229	247	27	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	247	28	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	247	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	248	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	248	2	1900	1900	NUM
epaa-229	248	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	248	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	248	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	248	6	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	248	7	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	248	8	rare	rare	ADJ
epaa-229	248	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	248	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	248	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	248	12	act	act	NOUN
epaa-229	248	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	248	14	leaving	leave	VERB
epaa-229	248	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	248	16	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	248	17	attending	attend	VERB
epaa-229	248	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	248	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	248	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	248	21	earning	earn	VERB
epaa-229	248	22	a	a	DET
epaa-229	248	23	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	248	24	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	248	25	an	an	DET
epaa-229	248	26	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-229	248	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	248	28	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	248	29	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
epaa-229	248	30	lamented	lament	VERB
epaa-229	248	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	248	32	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-229	248	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	248	34	life	life	NOUN
epaa-229	248	35	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	248	36	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	248	37	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	248	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	249	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	249	2	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-229	249	3	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	249	4	had	have	AUX
epaa-229	249	5	existed	exist	VERB
epaa-229	249	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	249	7	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	249	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	249	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	249	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	249	11	then	then	ADV
epaa-229	249	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	249	13	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-229	249	14	very	very	ADV
epaa-229	249	15	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	249	16	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	249	17	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	249	18	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	249	19	concerned	concern	VERB
epaa-229	249	20	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	249	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	249	22	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	249	23	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	249	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	249	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	249	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	250	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	250	2	hundred	hundred	NUM
epaa-229	250	3	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	250	4	later	later	ADV
epaa-229	250	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	250	6	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	250	7	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	250	8	leave	leave	VERB
epaa-229	250	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	250	10	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	250	11	a	a	DET
epaa-229	250	12	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	250	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	250	14	violating	violate	VERB
epaa-229	250	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	250	16	normative	normative	ADJ
epaa-229	250	17	expectation	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	250	18	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	250	19	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	250	20	adolescents	adolescent	NOUN
epaa-229	250	21	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	250	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	250	23	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-229	250	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	250	25	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	250	26	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	250	27	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	250	28	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	250	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	250	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	250	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	250	32	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	250	33	deem	deem	VERB
epaa-229	250	34	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	250	35	violation	violation	NOUN
epaa-229	250	36	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
epaa-229	250	37	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
epaa-229	250	38	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	250	39	society	society	NOUN
epaa-229	250	40	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	250	41	a	a	DET
epaa-229	250	42	whole	whole	NOUN
epaa-229	250	43	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	250	44	the	the	DET
epaa-229	250	45	action	action	NOUN
epaa-229	250	46	has	have	VERB
epaa-229	250	47	a	a	DET
epaa-229	250	48	special	special	ADJ
epaa-229	250	49	term—"dropping	term—"dropping	NOUN
epaa-229	250	50	out"—and	out"—and	INTJ
epaa-229	250	51	often	often	ADV
epaa-229	250	52	earns	earn	VERB
epaa-229	250	53	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	250	54	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	250	55	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	250	56	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
epaa-229	250	57	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	251	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	251	2	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	251	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	251	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	251	5	worry	worry	VERB
epaa-229	251	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	251	7	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	251	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	251	9	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-229	251	10	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-229	251	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	251	12	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-229	251	13	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	251	14	is	be	VERB
epaa-229	251	15	considerable	considerable	ADJ
epaa-229	251	16	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	251	17	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	251	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	251	19	extent	extent	NOUN
epaa-229	251	20	to	to	PART
epaa-229	251	21	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	251	22	a	a	DET
epaa-229	251	23	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	251	24	represents	represent	VERB
epaa-229	251	25	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-229	251	26	human	human	ADJ
epaa-229	251	27	capital	capital	NOUN
epaa-229	251	28	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-229	251	29	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	251	30	the	the	DET
epaa-229	251	31	competitive	competitive	ADJ
epaa-229	251	32	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	251	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	251	34	a	a	DET
epaa-229	251	35	credential	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	251	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	251	37	a	a	DET
epaa-229	251	38	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	251	39	queue	queue	NOUN
epaa-229	251	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	251	41	e.g.	e.g.	ADJ
epaa-229	251	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	251	43	becker	becker	NOUN
epaa-229	251	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	251	45	1964	1964	NUM
epaa-229	251	46	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	251	47	berg	berg	PROPN
epaa-229	251	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	251	49	1970	1970	NUM
epaa-229	251	50	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	251	51	dore	dore	NOUN
epaa-229	251	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	251	53	1976	1976	NUM
epaa-229	251	54	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	251	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	252	1	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	252	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	252	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	252	4	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-229	252	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	252	6	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	252	7	worried	worry	VERB
epaa-229	252	8	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	252	9	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	252	10	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	252	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	252	12	a	a	DET
epaa-229	252	13	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	252	14	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	252	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	252	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	252	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	252	18	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-229	252	19	image	image	NOUN
epaa-229	252	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	252	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	252	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	252	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	252	24	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	252	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	252	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	252	27	an	an	DET
epaa-229	252	28	adult	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	252	29	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	252	30	a	a	DET
epaa-229	252	31	viable	viable	ADJ
epaa-229	252	32	future	future	NOUN
epaa-229	252	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	252	34	an	an	DET
epaa-229	252	35	emblem	emblem	NOUN
epaa-229	252	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	252	37	dependence	dependence	NOUN
epaa-229	252	38	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	252	39	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	252	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	252	41	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	252	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	252	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	253	1	throughout	throughout	ADP
epaa-229	253	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	253	3	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	253	4	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	253	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	253	6	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-229	253	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	253	8	others	other	NOUN
epaa-229	253	9	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	253	10	occasionally	occasionally	ADV
epaa-229	253	11	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-229	253	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	253	13	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	253	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	253	15	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	253	16	remedies	remedy	NOUN
epaa-229	253	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	253	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	253	19	act	act	NOUN
epaa-229	253	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	253	21	leaving	leave	VERB
epaa-229	253	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	253	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	253	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	253	25	beginning	begin	VERB
epaa-229	253	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	253	27	the	the	DET
epaa-229	253	28	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	253	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	253	30	the	the	DET
epaa-229	253	31	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	253	32	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	253	33	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	253	34	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	253	35	became	become	VERB
epaa-229	253	36	the	the	DET
epaa-229	253	37	focal	focal	ADJ
epaa-229	253	38	point	point	NOUN
epaa-229	253	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	253	40	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
epaa-229	253	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	253	42	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	253	43	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	253	44	publicized	publicize	VERB
epaa-229	253	45	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-229	253	46	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	253	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	254	1	those	those	DET
epaa-229	254	2	debates	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	254	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	254	4	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-229	254	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	254	6	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-229	254	7	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	254	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	254	9	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	254	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	254	11	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	254	12	very	very	ADV
epaa-229	254	13	little	little	ADV
epaa-229	254	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	254	15	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	254	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	255	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	255	2	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-229	255	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	255	4	specialized	specialized	ADJ
epaa-229	255	5	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	255	6	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	255	7	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	255	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	255	9	ged	ge	VERB
epaa-229	255	10	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	255	11	not	not	PART
epaa-229	255	12	seemed	seem	VERB
epaa-229	255	13	to	to	PART
epaa-229	255	14	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-229	255	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	255	16	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-229	255	17	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-229	255	18	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	255	19	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	255	20	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	255	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	255	22	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	255	23	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	255	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	255	25	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	255	26	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	255	27	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	255	28	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	255	29	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ
epaa-229	255	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	256	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	256	2	greatest	great	ADJ
epaa-229	256	3	expansion	expansion	NOUN
epaa-229	256	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	256	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	256	6	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-229	256	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	256	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	256	9	to	to	PART
epaa-229	256	10	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-229	256	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	256	12	continue	continue	VERB
epaa-229	256	13	attending	attend	VERB
epaa-229	256	14	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	256	15	came	come	VERB
epaa-229	256	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	256	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	256	18	1970s	1970	NOUN
epaa-229	256	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	256	20	long	long	ADV
epaa-229	256	21	after	after	ADP
epaa-229	256	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	256	23	height	height	NOUN
epaa-229	256	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	256	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	256	26	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	256	27	wave	wave	NOUN
epaa-229	256	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	256	29	headlines	headline	NOUN
epaa-229	256	30	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	256	31	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	256	32	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	256	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	256	34	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-229	256	35	unconnected	unconnected	ADJ
epaa-229	256	36	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	256	37	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	256	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	257	1	too	too	ADV
epaa-229	257	2	often	often	ADV
epaa-229	257	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	257	4	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	257	5	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	257	6	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	257	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	257	8	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	257	9	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	257	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	257	11	disconnected	disconnect	VERB
epaa-229	257	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	257	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	257	14	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-229	257	15	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	257	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	257	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	257	18	system	system	NOUN
epaa-229	257	19	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-229	257	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	258	1	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	258	2	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	258	3	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-229	258	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	258	5	wary	wary	ADJ
epaa-229	258	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	258	7	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-229	258	8	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
epaa-229	258	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	258	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	258	11	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	258	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	258	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-229	258	14	question	question	NOUN
epaa-229	258	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	258	16	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	258	17	omit	omit	VERB
epaa-229	258	18	crucial	crucial	ADJ
epaa-229	258	19	features	feature	NOUN
epaa-229	258	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	258	21	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	258	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	259	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	259	2	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-229	259	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	259	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	259	5	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
epaa-229	259	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	259	7	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	259	8	types	type	NOUN
epaa-229	259	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	259	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	259	11	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-229	259	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	259	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	259	14	act	act	NOUN
epaa-229	259	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	259	16	leaving	leave	VERB
epaa-229	259	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	259	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	259	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	259	20	a	a	DET
epaa-229	259	21	crucial	crucial	ADJ
epaa-229	259	22	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	259	23	feature	feature	NOUN
epaa-229	259	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	259	25	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-229	259	26	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	259	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	259	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	259	29	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-229	259	30	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	259	31	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	259	32	deserves	deserve	VERB
epaa-229	259	33	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-229	259	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	260	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	260	2	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-229	260	3	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-229	260	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	260	5	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	260	6	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	260	7	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	260	8	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	260	9	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	260	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	260	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	260	12	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	260	13	four	four	NUM
epaa-229	260	14	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	260	15	reflects	reflect	VERB
epaa-229	260	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	260	17	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-229	260	18	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	260	19	expectation	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	260	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	260	21	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	260	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	260	23	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	260	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	261	1	impossible	impossible	ADJ
epaa-229	261	2	before	before	SCONJ
epaa-229	261	3	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	261	4	adolescents	adolescent	NOUN
epaa-229	261	5	attended	attend	VERB
epaa-229	261	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	261	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	261	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	261	9	several	several	ADJ
epaa-229	261	10	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	261	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	261	12	this	this	DET
epaa-229	261	13	expectation	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	261	14	bloomed	bloom	VERB
epaa-229	261	15	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	261	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	261	17	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	261	18	into	into	ADP
epaa-229	261	19	a	a	DET
epaa-229	261	20	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	261	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	261	22	headline	headline	NOUN
epaa-229	261	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	261	24	grabbing	grab	VERB
epaa-229	261	25	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	261	26	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	261	27	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	261	28	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	261	29	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	261	30	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	261	31	concerned	concern	VERB
epaa-229	261	32	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	261	33	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	261	34	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	261	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	261	36	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	261	37	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	261	38	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	261	39	do	do	VERB
epaa-229	261	40	to	to	PART
epaa-229	261	41	solve	solve	VERB
epaa-229	261	42	the	the	DET
epaa-229	261	43	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	261	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	262	1	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	262	2	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-229	262	3	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	262	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	262	5	development	development	NOUN
epaa-229	262	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	262	7	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	262	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	262	9	a	a	DET
epaa-229	262	10	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-229	262	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	262	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	262	13	expectation	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	262	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	262	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	262	16	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	262	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	262	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	262	19	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	262	20	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	262	21	this	this	DET
epaa-229	262	22	workshop	workshop	NOUN
epaa-229	262	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	1	first	first	ADV
epaa-229	263	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	3	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	263	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	263	5	an	an	DET
epaa-229	263	6	age	age	NOUN
epaa-229	263	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	8	related	relate	VERB
epaa-229	263	9	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-229	263	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	11	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	263	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	263	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	263	14	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-229	263	15	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-229	263	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	263	17	age	age	NOUN
epaa-229	263	18	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN
epaa-229	263	19	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	263	20	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	263	21	paralleled	parallel	VERB
epaa-229	263	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	263	23	development	development	NOUN
epaa-229	263	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	263	25	retirement	retirement	NOUN
epaa-229	263	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	263	27	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	263	28	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	29	stages	stage	NOUN
epaa-229	263	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	263	31	life	life	NOUN
epaa-229	263	32	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	33	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	263	34	did	do	AUX
epaa-229	263	35	not	not	PART
epaa-229	263	36	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-229	263	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	263	38	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	263	39	awareness	awareness	NOUN
epaa-229	263	40	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	263	41	centuries	century	NOUN
epaa-229	263	42	ago	ago	ADV
epaa-229	263	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	44	chudacoff	chudacoff	NOUN
epaa-229	263	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	46	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-229	263	47	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	48	graebner	graebner	NOUN
epaa-229	263	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	50	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	263	51	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	52	haber	haber	PROPN
epaa-229	263	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	54	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-229	263	55	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	56	kett	kett	PROPN
epaa-229	263	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	58	1977	1977	NUM
epaa-229	263	59	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	263	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	264	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	264	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-229	264	3	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	264	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	264	5	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	264	6	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-229	264	7	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	264	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	264	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	264	10	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	264	11	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	264	12	adult	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	264	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	264	14	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	264	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	264	16	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	264	17	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-229	264	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	264	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	264	20	ged	ge	VERB
epaa-229	264	21	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	264	22	a	a	DET
epaa-229	264	23	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	264	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	264	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	264	26	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	264	27	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-229	264	28	only	only	ADV
epaa-229	264	29	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	264	30	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	264	31	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-229	264	32	that	that	DET
epaa-229	264	33	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-229	264	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	264	35	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	264	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	265	1	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	265	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	265	3	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	265	4	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	265	5	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	265	6	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-229	265	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	265	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	265	9	teen	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	265	10	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	265	11	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	265	12	15	15	NUM
epaa-229	265	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	265	14	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	265	15	appropriately	appropriately	ADV
epaa-229	265	16	measure	measure	VERB
epaa-229	265	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	265	18	extent	extent	NOUN
epaa-229	265	19	to	to	PART
epaa-229	265	20	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	265	21	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	265	22	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	265	23	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-229	265	24	that	that	DET
epaa-229	265	25	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-229	265	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	266	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	266	2	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-229	266	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	266	4	expecting	expect	VERB
epaa-229	266	5	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	266	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	266	7	a	a	DET
epaa-229	266	8	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	266	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	266	10	adolescence	adolescence	NOUN
epaa-229	266	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	266	12	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	266	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	266	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	266	15	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-229	266	16	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	266	17	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	266	18	expect	expect	VERB
epaa-229	266	19	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	266	20	to	to	PART
epaa-229	266	21	solve	solve	VERB
epaa-229	266	22	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	266	23	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	266	24	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	266	25	facing	face	VERB
epaa-229	266	26	both	both	DET
epaa-229	266	27	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-229	266	28	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	266	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	266	30	society	society	NOUN
epaa-229	266	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	266	32	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	266	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	267	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	267	2	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-229	267	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	267	4	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-229	267	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	267	6	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	267	7	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	267	8	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	267	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	267	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	267	11	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	267	12	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-229	267	13	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	267	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	267	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	267	16	less	less	ADV
epaa-229	267	17	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	267	18	to	to	PART
epaa-229	267	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	267	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	267	21	jail	jail	NOUN
epaa-229	267	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	267	23	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	267	24	less	less	ADV
epaa-229	267	25	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	267	26	to	to	PART
epaa-229	267	27	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	267	28	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	267	29	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	267	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	267	31	wedlock	wedlock	ADJ
epaa-229	267	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	267	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	267	34	so	so	ADV
epaa-229	267	35	forth	forth	ADV
epaa-229	267	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	268	2	sociologist	sociologist	NOUN
epaa-229	268	3	lucius	lucius	NOUN
epaa-229	268	4	cervantes	cervante	NOUN
epaa-229	268	5	asserted	assert	VERB
epaa-229	268	6	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	268	7	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	268	8	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	268	9	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	268	10	ago	ago	ADV
epaa-229	268	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	12	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	268	13	's	's	PART
epaa-229	268	14	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	268	15	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	268	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	268	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	268	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	19	gangsters	gangster	NOUN
epaa-229	268	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	21	hoodlums	hoodlum	NOUN
epaa-229	268	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	23	drug	drug	NOUN
epaa-229	268	24	addicted	addict	VERB
epaa-229	268	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	26	government	government	NOUN
epaa-229	268	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	28	dependent	dependent	ADJ
epaa-229	268	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	30	prone	prone	ADJ
epaa-229	268	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	32	irresponsible	irresponsible	ADJ
epaa-229	268	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	268	34	illegitimate	illegitimate	ADJ
epaa-229	268	35	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-229	268	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	268	37	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN
epaa-229	268	38	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	40	cervantes	cervante	NOUN
epaa-229	268	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	42	1965	1965	NUM
epaa-229	268	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	44	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-229	268	45	197	197	NUM
epaa-229	268	46	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	268	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	269	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	269	2	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	269	3	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-229	269	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	269	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	269	6	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	269	7	married	marry	VERB
epaa-229	269	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	269	9	tangible	tangible	ADJ
epaa-229	269	10	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-229	269	11	penalties	penalty	NOUN
epaa-229	269	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	269	13	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	269	14	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	269	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	269	16	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	269	17	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
epaa-229	269	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	269	19	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-229	269	20	income	income	NOUN
epaa-229	269	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	269	22	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	269	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	269	24	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-229	269	25	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	269	26	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	269	27	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	269	28	psychologically	psychologically	ADV
epaa-229	269	29	weak	weak	ADJ
epaa-229	269	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	269	31	delinquency	delinquency	NOUN
epaa-229	269	32	prone	prone	ADJ
epaa-229	269	33	males	male	NOUN
epaa-229	269	34	to	to	PART
epaa-229	269	35	create	create	VERB
epaa-229	269	36	a	a	DET
epaa-229	269	37	stereotype	stereotype	NOUN
epaa-229	269	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	269	39	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	269	40	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	269	41	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	269	42	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	269	43	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	269	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	269	45	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	269	46	the	the	DET
epaa-229	269	47	future	future	NOUN
epaa-229	269	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	269	49	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	269	50	dependent	dependent	ADJ
epaa-229	269	51	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	269	52	society	society	NOUN
epaa-229	269	53	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	269	54	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	269	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	269	56	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	269	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	269	58	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	269	59	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	269	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	270	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	270	2	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	270	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	270	4	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-229	270	5	not	not	PART
epaa-229	270	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	270	7	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	270	8	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	270	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	270	10	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-229	270	11	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-229	270	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	270	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	270	14	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-229	270	15	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	270	16	concerned	concerned	ADJ
epaa-229	270	17	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	270	18	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	270	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	270	20	attended	attend	VERB
epaa-229	270	21	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	270	22	left	leave	VERB
epaa-229	270	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	270	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	270	25	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-229	270	26	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	270	27	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	270	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	270	29	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	270	30	decade	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	270	31	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	270	32	anyone	anyone	PRON
epaa-229	270	33	claimed	claim	VERB
epaa-229	270	34	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	270	35	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	270	36	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	270	37	address	address	VERB
epaa-229	270	38	a	a	DET
epaa-229	270	39	multitude	multitude	NOUN
epaa-229	270	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	270	41	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	270	42	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	270	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	271	1	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-229	271	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	271	3	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	271	4	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-229	271	5	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	271	6	claimed	claim	VERB
epaa-229	271	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	271	8	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	271	9	various	various	ADJ
epaa-229	271	10	times	time	NOUN
epaa-229	271	11	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-229	271	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	271	13	establishment	establishment	NOUN
epaa-229	271	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	271	15	english	english	ADJ
epaa-229	271	16	colonies	colony	NOUN
epaa-229	271	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	271	18	north	north	PROPN
epaa-229	271	19	america	america	PROPN
epaa-229	271	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	271	21	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	271	22	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	271	23	train	train	VERB
epaa-229	271	24	future	future	ADJ
epaa-229	271	25	leaders	leader	NOUN
epaa-229	271	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	271	27	assimilate	assimilate	VERB
epaa-229	271	28	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
epaa-229	271	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	271	30	discourage	discourage	VERB
epaa-229	271	31	immorality	immorality	NOUN
epaa-229	271	32	among	among	ADP
epaa-229	271	33	the	the	DET
epaa-229	271	34	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-229	271	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	271	36	prevent	prevent	VERB
epaa-229	271	37	class	class	NOUN
epaa-229	271	38	conflict	conflict	NOUN
epaa-229	271	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	271	40	inculcate	inculcate	VERB
epaa-229	271	41	nationalistic	nationalistic	ADJ
epaa-229	271	42	values	value	NOUN
epaa-229	271	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	271	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	271	45	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-229	271	46	the	the	DET
epaa-229	271	47	character	character	NOUN
epaa-229	271	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	271	49	workers	worker	NOUN
epaa-229	271	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	271	51	to	to	PART
epaa-229	271	52	name	name	VERB
epaa-229	271	53	some	some	PRON
epaa-229	271	54	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	271	55	the	the	DET
epaa-229	271	56	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	271	57	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	272	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	272	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	272	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	272	4	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	272	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	272	6	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-229	272	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	272	8	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	272	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	272	10	sporadic	sporadic	ADJ
epaa-229	272	11	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	272	12	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	272	13	not	not	PART
epaa-229	272	14	leaving	leave	VERB
epaa-229	272	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	272	16	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	272	17	acquiring	acquire	VERB
epaa-229	272	18	a	a	DET
epaa-229	272	19	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	272	20	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	272	21	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	272	22	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	272	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	272	24	target	target	NOUN
epaa-229	272	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	272	26	reformers	reformer	NOUN
epaa-229	272	27	'	'	PART
epaa-229	272	28	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	272	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	272	30	kaestle	kaestle	ADJ
epaa-229	272	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	272	32	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-229	272	33	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	272	34	tropea	tropea	PROPN
epaa-229	272	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	272	36	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	272	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	272	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	273	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	273	2	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	273	3	some	some	PRON
epaa-229	273	4	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	273	5	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	273	6	concerned	concern	VERB
epaa-229	273	7	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	273	8	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	273	9	much	much	ADJ
epaa-229	273	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	273	11	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-229	273	12	a	a	DET
epaa-229	273	13	child	child	NOUN
epaa-229	273	14	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	273	15	received	receive	VERB
epaa-229	273	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	273	17	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	273	18	opposed	oppose	VERB
epaa-229	273	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	273	20	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	273	21	consistency	consistency	NOUN
epaa-229	273	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	273	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	273	24	the	the	DET
epaa-229	273	25	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	273	26	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	273	27	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	273	28	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	273	29	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	273	30	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	273	31	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-229	273	32	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	273	33	the	the	DET
epaa-229	273	34	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-229	273	35	target	target	NOUN
epaa-229	273	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	273	37	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	273	38	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	273	39	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	273	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	273	41	kett	kett	PROPN
epaa-229	273	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	273	43	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-229	273	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	273	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	274	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	274	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	274	3	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	274	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	274	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	274	6	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	274	7	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	274	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	274	9	link	link	NOUN
epaa-229	274	10	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	274	11	older	old	ADJ
epaa-229	274	12	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-229	274	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	274	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	274	15	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	274	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	274	17	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	274	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	274	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	274	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	274	21	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	274	22	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-229	274	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	274	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	274	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	274	26	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	274	27	expectation	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	274	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	274	29	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	274	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	274	31	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	274	32	the	the	DET
epaa-229	274	33	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	274	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	275	1	symbolizing	symbolize	VERB
epaa-229	275	2	this	this	DET
epaa-229	275	3	link	link	NOUN
epaa-229	275	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	275	5	a	a	DET
epaa-229	275	6	word	word	NOUN
epaa-229	275	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	275	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	275	9	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	275	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	275	11	1960s	1960s	NUM
epaa-229	275	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	275	13	had	have	AUX
epaa-229	275	14	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	275	15	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	275	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	275	17	several	several	ADJ
epaa-229	275	18	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-229	275	19	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	275	20	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-229	275	21	talked	talk	VERB
epaa-229	275	22	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	275	23	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	275	24	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	275	25	left	leave	VERB
epaa-229	275	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	275	27	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	275	28	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	275	29	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	275	30	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	275	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	276	1	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	276	2	withdrawals	withdrawal	NOUN
epaa-229	276	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	276	4	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	276	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	276	6	leavers	leaver	NOUN
epaa-229	276	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	276	8	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-229	276	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	276	10	topics	topic	NOUN
epaa-229	276	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	276	12	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	276	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	276	14	1900	1900	NUM
epaa-229	276	15	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	276	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	276	17	late	late	ADJ
epaa-229	276	18	1950s	1950s	NUM
epaa-229	276	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	277	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	277	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	277	3	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	277	4	four	four	NUM
epaa-229	277	5	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	277	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	277	7	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	277	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	277	9	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	277	10	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	277	11	discussed	discuss	VERB
epaa-229	277	12	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	277	13	attrition	attrition	NOUN
epaa-229	277	14	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	277	15	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-229	277	16	used	use	VERB
epaa-229	277	17	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	277	18	word	word	NOUN
epaa-229	277	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	277	20	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	277	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	277	22	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	277	23	variants	variant	NOUN
epaa-229	277	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	277	25	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	277	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	277	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	277	28	to	to	PART
epaa-229	277	29	name	name	VERB
epaa-229	277	30	the	the	DET
epaa-229	277	31	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	277	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	278	1	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	278	2	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	278	3	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	278	4	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	278	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	278	6	inverse	inverse	NOUN
epaa-229	278	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	278	8	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	278	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	278	10	representing	represent	VERB
epaa-229	278	11	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-229	278	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	278	13	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	278	14	danger	danger	NOUN
epaa-229	278	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	278	16	growing	grow	VERB
epaa-229	278	17	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-229	278	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	278	19	our	our	PRON
epaa-229	278	20	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	278	21	expectation	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	278	22	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	278	23	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	278	24	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	278	25	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	278	26	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	278	27	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	278	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	279	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	279	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-229	279	3	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	279	4	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	279	5	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	279	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	279	7	90	90	NUM
epaa-229	279	8	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-229	279	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	279	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	279	11	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	279	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	279	13	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	279	14	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-229	279	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	279	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	279	17	culminates	culminate	VERB
epaa-229	279	18	a	a	DET
epaa-229	279	19	sea	sea	NOUN
epaa-229	279	20	change	change	NOUN
epaa-229	279	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	279	22	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	279	23	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	279	24	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	279	25	a	a	DET
epaa-229	279	26	society	society	NOUN
epaa-229	279	27	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	279	28	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	279	29	concerned	concern	VERB
epaa-229	279	30	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	279	31	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-229	279	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	280	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	280	2	creation	creation	NOUN
epaa-229	280	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	280	4	an	an	DET
epaa-229	280	5	expectation	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	280	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	280	7	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	280	8	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	280	9	predictable	predictable	ADJ
epaa-229	280	10	once	once	SCONJ
epaa-229	280	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	280	12	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-229	280	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	280	14	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	280	15	began	begin	VERB
epaa-229	280	16	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	280	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	280	18	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	280	19	see	see	VERB
epaa-229	280	20	green	green	ADJ
epaa-229	280	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	280	22	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	280	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	280	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	281	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	281	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	281	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	281	4	form	form	NOUN
epaa-229	281	5	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	281	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	281	7	expectation	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	281	8	took	take	VERB
epaa-229	281	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	281	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	281	11	cultural	cultural	ADJ
epaa-229	281	12	rationale	rationale	NOUN
epaa-229	281	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	281	14	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	281	15	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	281	16	not	not	PART
epaa-229	281	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	282	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	282	2	a	a	DET
epaa-229	282	3	society	society	NOUN
epaa-229	282	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	282	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	282	6	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	282	7	chosen	choose	VERB
epaa-229	282	8	to	to	PART
epaa-229	282	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	282	10	concerned	concern	VERB
epaa-229	282	11	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	282	12	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	282	13	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	282	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	282	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	282	16	cause	cause	NOUN
epaa-229	282	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	282	18	adult	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	282	19	dependence	dependence	NOUN
epaa-229	282	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	283	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-229	283	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	283	3	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	283	4	warnings	warning	NOUN
epaa-229	283	5	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	283	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	283	7	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	283	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	283	9	term	term	NOUN
epaa-229	283	10	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	283	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	283	12	barriers	barrier	NOUN
epaa-229	283	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	283	14	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	283	15	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	283	16	take	take	VERB
epaa-229	283	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	283	18	form	form	NOUN
epaa-229	283	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	283	20	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	283	21	results	result	NOUN
epaa-229	283	22	like	like	ADP
epaa-229	283	23	crime	crime	NOUN
epaa-229	283	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	283	25	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
epaa-229	283	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	284	1	raising	raise	VERB
epaa-229	284	2	a	a	DET
epaa-229	284	3	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	284	4	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-229	284	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	284	6	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-229	284	7	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	284	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	284	9	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	284	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	284	11	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-229	284	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	284	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	284	14	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-229	284	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	285	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	285	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	285	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	285	4	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	285	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	285	6	disentangling	disentangle	VERB
epaa-229	285	7	all	all	DET
epaa-229	285	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	285	9	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-229	285	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	285	11	harder	hard	ADJ
epaa-229	285	12	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	285	13	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	285	14	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	285	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	285	16	legacy	legacy	NOUN
epaa-229	285	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	285	18	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	285	19	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	285	20	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	285	21	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	285	22	conflated	conflate	VERB
epaa-229	285	23	them	they	PRON
epaa-229	285	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	286	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	286	2	labaree	labaree	NOUN
epaa-229	286	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	286	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	286	5	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-229	286	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	286	7	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ
epaa-229	286	8	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	286	9	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	286	10	16	16	NUM
epaa-229	286	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	286	12	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	286	13	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
epaa-229	286	14	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	286	15	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	286	16	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	286	17	to	to	PART
epaa-229	286	18	reduce	reduce	VERB
epaa-229	286	19	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	286	20	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	286	21	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	286	22	suffered	suffer	VERB
epaa-229	286	23	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	286	24	limits	limit	NOUN
epaa-229	286	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	286	26	scope	scope	NOUN
epaa-229	286	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	286	28	contradictions	contradiction	NOUN
epaa-229	286	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	286	30	the	the	DET
epaa-229	286	31	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-229	286	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	286	33	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	286	34	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	286	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	286	36	the	the	DET
epaa-229	286	37	prevailing	prevail	VERB
epaa-229	286	38	stereotypes	stereotype	NOUN
epaa-229	286	39	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	286	40	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	286	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	286	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	286	43	a	a	DET
epaa-229	286	44	persistent	persistent	ADJ
epaa-229	286	45	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-229	286	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	286	47	the	the	DET
epaa-229	286	48	power	power	NOUN
epaa-229	286	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	286	50	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	286	51	relations	relation	NOUN
epaa-229	286	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	287	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	287	2	needs	need	VERB
epaa-229	287	3	to	to	PART
epaa-229	287	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	287	5	cautious	cautious	ADJ
epaa-229	287	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	287	7	generalizations	generalization	NOUN
epaa-229	287	8	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	287	9	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	287	10	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	287	11	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-229	287	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	287	13	local	local	ADJ
epaa-229	287	14	district	district	NOUN
epaa-229	287	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	287	16	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	287	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	287	18	government	government	NOUN
epaa-229	287	19	level	level	NOUN
epaa-229	287	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	287	21	district	district	NOUN
epaa-229	287	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	287	23	state	state	NOUN
epaa-229	287	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	287	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	287	26	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-229	287	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	287	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	288	1	local	local	ADJ
epaa-229	288	2	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
epaa-229	288	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	288	4	shaped	shape	VERB
epaa-229	288	5	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	288	6	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	288	7	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	288	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	288	9	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	288	10	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-229	288	11	funds	fund	NOUN
epaa-229	288	12	flow	flow	VERB
epaa-229	288	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	288	14	above	above	ADV
epaa-229	288	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	289	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	289	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	289	3	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	289	4	must	must	AUX
epaa-229	289	5	contrast	contrast	VERB
epaa-229	289	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	289	7	pronouncements	pronouncement	NOUN
epaa-229	289	8	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-229	289	9	made	make	VERB
epaa-229	289	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	289	11	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	289	12	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	289	13	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	289	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	289	15	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-229	289	16	stability	stability	NOUN
epaa-229	289	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	289	18	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	289	19	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	289	20	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	289	21	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	289	22	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	289	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	289	24	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	289	25	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	289	26	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	289	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	289	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	289	29	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	289	30	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	289	31	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	289	32	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	289	33	described	describe	VERB
epaa-229	289	34	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	289	35	attrition	attrition	NOUN
epaa-229	289	36	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	289	37	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	289	38	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	289	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	289	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	290	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	290	2	an	an	DET
epaa-229	290	3	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-229	290	4	program	program	NOUN
epaa-229	290	5	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	290	6	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	290	7	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	290	8	helped	help	VERB
epaa-229	290	9	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	290	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	290	11	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	290	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	290	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	290	14	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	290	15	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	290	16	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-229	290	17	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	290	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	290	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	290	20	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	290	21	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	290	22	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	290	23	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	290	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	290	25	together	together	ADV
epaa-229	290	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	290	27	not	not	PART
epaa-229	290	28	changed	change	VERB
epaa-229	290	29	the	the	DET
epaa-229	290	30	nationwide	nationwide	ADJ
epaa-229	290	31	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	290	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	290	33	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	290	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	290	35	leaving	leave	VERB
epaa-229	290	36	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	290	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	291	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	291	2	obvious	obvious	ADJ
epaa-229	291	3	question	question	NOUN
epaa-229	291	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	291	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	291	6	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	291	7	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	291	8	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	291	9	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	291	10	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	291	11	little	little	ADJ
epaa-229	291	12	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	291	13	overall	overall	ADV
epaa-229	291	14	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	292	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	292	2	obvious	obvious	ADJ
epaa-229	292	3	answer	answer	NOUN
epaa-229	292	4	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	292	5	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	292	6	an	an	DET
epaa-229	292	7	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	292	8	one	one	NOUN
epaa-229	292	9	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	292	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	292	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	292	12	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	292	13	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	292	14	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	292	15	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	292	16	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-229	292	17	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	292	18	small	small	ADJ
epaa-229	292	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	292	20	focusing	focus	VERB
epaa-229	292	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	292	22	a	a	DET
epaa-229	292	23	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	292	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	292	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	292	26	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	292	27	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	292	28	a	a	DET
epaa-229	292	29	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	292	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	293	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	293	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	293	3	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	293	4	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-229	293	5	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	293	6	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-229	293	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	293	8	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	293	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	294	1	tyack	tyack	VERB
epaa-229	294	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	294	3	cuban	cuban	ADJ
epaa-229	294	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	294	5	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-229	294	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	294	7	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-229	294	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	294	9	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	294	10	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	294	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	294	12	historically	historically	ADV
epaa-229	294	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	294	14	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	294	15	far	far	ADV
epaa-229	294	16	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	294	17	willing	willing	ADJ
epaa-229	294	18	to	to	PART
epaa-229	294	19	adopt	adopt	VERB
epaa-229	294	20	small	small	ADJ
epaa-229	294	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	294	22	incremental	incremental	ADJ
epaa-229	294	23	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-229	294	24	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	294	25	large	large	ADJ
epaa-229	294	26	ones	one	NOUN
epaa-229	294	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	295	1	a	a	DET
epaa-229	295	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	295	3	system	system	NOUN
epaa-229	295	4	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	295	5	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	295	6	easily	easily	ADV
epaa-229	295	7	approve	approve	VERB
epaa-229	295	8	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	295	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	295	10	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	295	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	295	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	295	13	ten	ten	NUM
epaa-229	295	14	small	small	ADJ
epaa-229	295	15	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	295	16	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	295	17	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	295	18	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-229	295	19	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	295	20	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	295	21	change	change	VERB
epaa-229	295	22	prevailing	prevailing	ADJ
epaa-229	295	23	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	295	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-229	295	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	295	26	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-229	295	27	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	295	28	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	295	29	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	295	30	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	295	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	296	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	296	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	296	3	city	city	PROPN
epaa-229	296	4	's	's	PART
epaa-229	296	5	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	296	6	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	296	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	296	8	which	which	PRON
epaa-229	296	9	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	296	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	296	11	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	296	12	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	296	13	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
epaa-229	296	14	labeled	label	VERB
epaa-229	296	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	296	16	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	296	17	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	296	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	296	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	296	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	296	21	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	296	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	296	23	never	never	ADV
epaa-229	296	24	planned	plan	VERB
epaa-229	296	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	296	26	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	296	27	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	296	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	296	29	beginning	beginning	NOUN
epaa-229	296	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	296	31	the	the	DET
epaa-229	296	32	war	war	NOUN
epaa-229	296	33	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	296	34	poverty	poverty	NOUN
epaa-229	296	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	296	36	to	to	PART
epaa-229	296	37	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-229	296	38	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	296	39	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	296	40	a	a	DET
epaa-229	296	41	fraction	fraction	NOUN
epaa-229	296	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	296	43	adolescent	adolescent	ADJ
epaa-229	296	44	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	296	45	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	296	46	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	296	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	296	48	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	296	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	296	50	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-229	296	51	88	88	NUM
epaa-229	296	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	296	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	297	1	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	297	2	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	297	3	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	297	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	297	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	297	6	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	297	7	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
epaa-229	297	8	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	297	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	297	10	character	character	NOUN
epaa-229	297	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	297	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	297	13	earliest	early	ADJ
epaa-229	297	14	ones	one	NOUN
epaa-229	297	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	297	16	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	297	17	not	not	PART
epaa-229	297	18	very	very	ADV
epaa-229	297	19	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	297	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	297	21	scope	scope	NOUN
epaa-229	297	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	298	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	298	2	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	298	3	involve	involve	VERB
epaa-229	298	4	counseling	counseling	NOUN
epaa-229	298	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	298	6	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	298	7	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	298	8	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-229	298	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	298	10	funding	funding	NOUN
epaa-229	298	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	298	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	298	13	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	298	14	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	298	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	298	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	298	17	edges	edge	NOUN
epaa-229	298	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	298	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	298	20	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	298	21	'	'	PART
epaa-229	298	22	organizations	organization	NOUN
epaa-229	298	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	298	24	dynarski	dynarski	PROPN
epaa-229	298	25	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	298	26	gleason	gleason	PROPN
epaa-229	298	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	298	28	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-229	298	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	298	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	299	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	299	2	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	299	3	like	like	ADP
epaa-229	299	4	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	299	5	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	299	6	city	city	PROPN
epaa-229	299	7	often	often	ADV
epaa-229	299	8	eliminated	eliminate	VERB
epaa-229	299	9	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	299	10	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	299	11	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	299	12	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	299	13	outside	outside	ADJ
epaa-229	299	14	funding	funding	NOUN
epaa-229	299	15	dried	dry	VERB
epaa-229	299	16	up	up	ADP
epaa-229	299	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	299	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	299	19	later	later	ADJ
epaa-229	299	20	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	299	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	299	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	299	23	one	one	NOUN
epaa-229	299	24	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	299	25	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	299	26	hear	hear	VERB
epaa-229	299	27	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-229	299	28	tales	tale	NOUN
epaa-229	299	29	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	299	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	300	1	systematic	systematic	ADJ
epaa-229	300	2	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	300	3	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	300	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	300	5	not	not	PART
epaa-229	300	6	a	a	DET
epaa-229	300	7	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	300	8	priority	priority	NOUN
epaa-229	300	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	300	10	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	300	11	local	local	ADJ
epaa-229	300	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	300	13	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	300	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	301	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	301	2	reason	reason	NOUN
epaa-229	301	3	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	301	4	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	301	5	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	301	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	301	7	not	not	PART
epaa-229	301	8	a	a	DET
epaa-229	301	9	priority	priority	NOUN
epaa-229	301	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	301	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	301	12	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	301	13	contradicts	contradict	VERB
epaa-229	301	14	an	an	DET
epaa-229	301	15	abiding	abide	VERB
epaa-229	301	16	incentive	incentive	NOUN
epaa-229	301	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	301	18	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	301	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	301	20	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	301	21	to	to	PART
epaa-229	301	22	restrict	restrict	VERB
epaa-229	301	23	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	301	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	302	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	302	2	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	302	3	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	302	4	disagrees	disagree	VERB
epaa-229	302	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	302	6	green	green	PROPN
epaa-229	302	7	's	's	PART
epaa-229	302	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	302	9	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	302	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	302	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	302	12	seidman	seidman	PROPN
epaa-229	302	13	's	's	PART
epaa-229	302	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	302	15	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	302	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	302	17	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-229	302	18	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	302	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	302	20	limits	limit	NOUN
epaa-229	302	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	302	22	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	302	23	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	302	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	302	25	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	302	26	is	be	VERB
epaa-229	302	27	a	a	DET
epaa-229	302	28	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	302	29	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	302	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	302	31	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	302	32	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	302	33	being	be	AUX
epaa-229	302	34	rewarded	reward	VERB
epaa-229	302	35	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	302	36	either	either	PRON
epaa-229	302	37	restricting	restrict	VERB
epaa-229	302	38	all	all	DET
epaa-229	302	39	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	302	40	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	302	41	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	302	42	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	302	43	stratifying	stratify	VERB
epaa-229	302	44	them	they	PRON
epaa-229	302	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	302	46	restricting	restrict	VERB
epaa-229	302	47	the	the	DET
epaa-229	302	48	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	302	49	valued	value	VERB
epaa-229	302	50	ones	one	NOUN
epaa-229	302	51	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	302	52	labaree	labaree	NOUN
epaa-229	302	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	302	54	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-229	302	55	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	302	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	303	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	303	2	discussed	discuss	VERB
epaa-229	303	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	303	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	303	5	diplomas	diplomas	PROPN
epaa-229	303	6	section	section	NOUN
epaa-229	303	7	above	above	ADV
epaa-229	303	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	303	9	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	303	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	303	11	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-229	303	12	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	303	13	created	create	VERB
epaa-229	303	14	selective	selective	ADJ
epaa-229	303	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	303	16	admission	admission	NOUN
epaa-229	303	17	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	303	18	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	303	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	303	20	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	303	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	303	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	303	23	these	these	DET
epaa-229	303	24	features	feature	NOUN
epaa-229	303	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	303	26	the	the	DET
epaa-229	303	27	system	system	NOUN
epaa-229	303	28	often	often	ADV
epaa-229	303	29	generate	generate	VERB
epaa-229	303	30	the	the	DET
epaa-229	303	31	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	303	32	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-229	303	33	news	news	NOUN
epaa-229	303	34	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	303	35	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	303	36	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	303	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	304	1	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	304	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	304	3	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	304	4	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-229	304	5	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	304	6	contradictory	contradictory	ADJ
epaa-229	304	7	missions	mission	NOUN
epaa-229	304	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	304	9	attempting	attempt	VERB
epaa-229	304	10	both	both	PRON
epaa-229	304	11	to	to	PART
epaa-229	304	12	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-229	304	13	all	all	DET
epaa-229	304	14	adolescents	adolescent	NOUN
epaa-229	304	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	304	16	also	also	ADV
epaa-229	304	17	to	to	PART
epaa-229	304	18	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-229	304	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	304	20	highest	high	ADJ
epaa-229	304	21	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-229	304	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	304	23	a	a	DET
epaa-229	304	24	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-229	304	25	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	304	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	305	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	305	2	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	305	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	305	4	that	that	DET
epaa-229	305	5	structure	structure	NOUN
epaa-229	305	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	305	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	305	8	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
epaa-229	305	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	305	10	meritocracy	meritocracy	NOUN
epaa-229	305	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	305	12	north	north	ADJ
epaa-229	305	13	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	305	14	society	society	NOUN
epaa-229	305	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	305	16	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	305	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	305	18	lemann	lemann	PROPN
epaa-229	305	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	305	20	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	305	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	305	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	305	23	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	305	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-229	305	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	305	26	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-229	305	27	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-229	305	28	deeply	deeply	ADV
epaa-229	305	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	305	30	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	305	31	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	305	32	a	a	DET
epaa-229	305	33	meritocratic	meritocratic	ADJ
epaa-229	305	34	system	system	NOUN
epaa-229	305	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	306	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	306	2	administrator	administrator	NOUN
epaa-229	306	3	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	306	4	told	tell	VERB
epaa-229	306	5	fine	fine	ADJ
epaa-229	306	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	306	7	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-229	306	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	306	9	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-229	306	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	306	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	306	12	low	low	ADV
epaa-229	306	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	306	14	performing	perform	VERB
epaa-229	306	15	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	306	16	troubling	troubling	ADJ
epaa-229	306	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	306	18	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	306	19	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	306	20	hijackers	hijacker	NOUN
epaa-229	306	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	306	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	306	23	his	his	PRON
epaa-229	306	24	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	306	25	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	306	26	not	not	PART
epaa-229	306	27	alone	alone	ADJ
epaa-229	306	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	307	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	307	2	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-229	307	3	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-229	307	4	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	307	5	not	not	PART
epaa-229	307	6	want	want	VERB
epaa-229	307	7	to	to	PART
epaa-229	307	8	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-229	307	9	everyone	everyone	PRON
epaa-229	307	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	308	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	308	3	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	308	4	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	308	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	6	meaning	mean	VERB
epaa-229	308	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-229	308	8	often	often	ADV
epaa-229	308	9	resort	resort	VERB
epaa-229	308	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	308	11	a	a	DET
epaa-229	308	12	form	form	NOUN
epaa-229	308	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	308	14	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	308	15	triage	triage	NOUN
epaa-229	308	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	17	trying	try	VERB
epaa-229	308	18	to	to	PART
epaa-229	308	19	save	save	VERB
epaa-229	308	20	a	a	DET
epaa-229	308	21	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	308	22	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	308	23	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	308	24	tolerating	tolerate	VERB
epaa-229	308	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	308	26	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-229	308	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	308	28	others	other	NOUN
epaa-229	308	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	30	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-229	308	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	32	michie	michie	NOUN
epaa-229	308	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	34	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	308	35	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	36	sapon	sapon	ADV
epaa-229	308	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	38	shevin	shevin	NOUN
epaa-229	308	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	40	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	308	41	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	42	sizer	sizer	PROPN
epaa-229	308	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	44	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-229	308	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	308	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	309	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	309	2	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-229	309	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	309	4	being	be	AUX
epaa-229	309	5	small	small	ADJ
epaa-229	309	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	309	7	fighting	fight	VERB
epaa-229	309	8	competing	compete	VERB
epaa-229	309	9	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	309	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	309	11	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	309	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	309	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	309	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	309	15	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	309	16	17	17	NUM
epaa-229	309	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	309	18	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	309	19	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-229	309	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	309	21	psychological	psychological	ADJ
epaa-229	309	22	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	309	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	309	24	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	309	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	309	26	real	real	ADJ
epaa-229	309	27	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	309	28	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	309	29	encouraged	encourage	VERB
epaa-229	309	30	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	309	31	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	309	32	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-229	309	33	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	309	34	remedying	remedy	VERB
epaa-229	309	35	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-229	309	36	defects	defect	NOUN
epaa-229	309	37	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-229	309	38	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	309	39	addressing	address	VERB
epaa-229	309	40	needs	need	NOUN
epaa-229	309	41	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	309	42	broadly	broadly	ADV
epaa-229	309	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	310	1	consistent	consistent	ADJ
epaa-229	310	2	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	310	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	310	4	common	common	ADJ
epaa-229	310	5	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-229	310	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	310	7	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	310	8	were	be	AUX
epaa-229	310	9	budding	bud	VERB
epaa-229	310	10	juvenile	juvenile	ADJ
epaa-229	310	11	delinquents	delinquent	NOUN
epaa-229	310	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	310	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	310	14	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	310	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	310	16	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
epaa-229	310	17	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	310	18	little	little	ADJ
epaa-229	310	19	thought	thought	NOUN
epaa-229	310	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	310	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	310	22	futures	future	NOUN
epaa-229	310	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	310	24	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	310	25	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	310	26	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	310	27	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	310	28	featured	feature	VERB
epaa-229	310	29	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-229	310	30	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-229	310	31	counseling	counseling	NOUN
epaa-229	310	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	310	33	to	to	PART
epaa-229	310	34	solve	solve	VERB
epaa-229	310	35	personal	personal	ADJ
epaa-229	310	36	adjustment	adjustment	NOUN
epaa-229	310	37	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-229	310	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	310	39	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	310	40	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	310	41	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-229	310	42	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	310	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	310	44	to	to	PART
epaa-229	310	45	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-229	310	46	the	the	DET
epaa-229	310	47	chances	chance	NOUN
epaa-229	310	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	310	49	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-229	310	50	later	later	ADV
epaa-229	310	51	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	310	52	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	310	53	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	310	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	310	55	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	310	56	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	310	57	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	311	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-229	311	2	know	know	VERB
epaa-229	311	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	311	4	no	no	DET
epaa-229	311	5	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	311	6	program	program	NOUN
epaa-229	311	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	311	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	311	9	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	311	10	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	311	11	addressed	address	VERB
epaa-229	311	12	concrete	concrete	ADJ
epaa-229	311	13	needs	need	NOUN
epaa-229	311	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	311	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	311	16	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-229	311	17	fashion	fashion	NOUN
epaa-229	311	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	311	19	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	311	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	311	21	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-229	311	22	day	day	NOUN
epaa-229	311	23	care	care	NOUN
epaa-229	311	24	services	service	NOUN
epaa-229	311	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	311	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	311	27	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	311	28	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	311	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	312	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	312	2	now	now	ADV
epaa-229	312	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	312	4	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-229	312	5	day	day	NOUN
epaa-229	312	6	care	care	NOUN
epaa-229	312	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	312	8	an	an	DET
epaa-229	312	9	exception	exception	NOUN
epaa-229	312	10	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-229	312	11	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	312	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	312	13	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-229	312	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	312	15	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	312	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	312	17	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	312	18	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	312	19	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-229	312	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	312	21	see	see	VERB
epaa-229	312	22	orr	orr	PROPN
epaa-229	312	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	312	24	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	312	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	312	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	312	27	a	a	DET
epaa-229	312	28	smorgasbord	smorgasbord	NOUN
epaa-229	312	29	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-229	312	30	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	312	31	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	312	32	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	312	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	312	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	313	1	focusing	focus	VERB
epaa-229	313	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	313	3	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	313	4	deficits	deficit	NOUN
epaa-229	313	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	313	6	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-229	313	7	not	not	PART
epaa-229	313	8	unique	unique	ADJ
epaa-229	313	9	either	either	ADV
epaa-229	313	10	to	to	PART
epaa-229	313	11	dropout	dropout	VERB
epaa-229	313	12	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	313	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	313	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	313	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	313	16	united	united	PROPN
epaa-229	313	17	states	states	PROPN
epaa-229	313	18	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	313	19	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-229	313	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	313	21	special	special	ADJ
epaa-229	313	22	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	313	23	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	313	24	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	313	25	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	313	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	313	27	risk	risk	NOUN
epaa-229	313	28	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	313	29	often	often	ADV
epaa-229	313	30	point	point	VERB
epaa-229	313	31	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	313	32	deficit	deficit	NOUN
epaa-229	313	33	orientation	orientation	NOUN
epaa-229	313	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	313	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	313	36	the	the	DET
epaa-229	313	37	former	former	ADJ
epaa-229	313	38	soviet	soviet	PROPN
epaa-229	313	39	union	union	PROPN
epaa-229	313	40	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	313	41	an	an	DET
epaa-229	313	42	institute	institute	NOUN
epaa-229	313	43	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	313	44	defectology	defectology	NOUN
epaa-229	313	45	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	313	46	see	see	VERB
epaa-229	313	47	vygotsky	vygotsky	NOUN
epaa-229	313	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	313	49	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	313	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	313	51	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	313	52	the	the	DET
epaa-229	313	53	casual	casual	ADJ
epaa-229	313	54	use	use	NOUN
epaa-229	313	55	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	313	56	the	the	DET
epaa-229	313	57	word	word	NOUN
epaa-229	313	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	313	59	akin	akin	ADJ
epaa-229	313	60	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	313	61	the	the	DET
epaa-229	313	62	english	english	PROPN
epaa-229	313	63	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	313	64	handicapped	handicapped	ADJ
epaa-229	313	65	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	313	66	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	313	67	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	314	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	314	2	deficit	deficit	NOUN
epaa-229	314	3	focus	focus	NOUN
epaa-229	314	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	314	5	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	314	6	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	314	7	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	314	8	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	314	9	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	314	10	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	314	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	314	12	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	314	13	practical	practical	ADJ
epaa-229	314	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	314	15	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	314	16	political	political	ADJ
epaa-229	314	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	315	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	315	2	practical	practical	ADJ
epaa-229	315	3	consequence	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	315	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	315	5	a	a	DET
epaa-229	315	6	deficit	deficit	NOUN
epaa-229	315	7	orientation	orientation	NOUN
epaa-229	315	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	315	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	315	10	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	315	11	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	315	12	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	315	13	not	not	PART
epaa-229	315	14	solve	solve	VERB
epaa-229	315	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	315	16	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	315	17	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	315	18	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	315	19	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	315	20	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	315	21	outside	outside	ADP
epaa-229	315	22	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	315	23	control	control	NOUN
epaa-229	315	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	315	25	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	315	26	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	315	27	poverty	poverty	NOUN
epaa-229	315	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	315	29	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-229	315	30	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	315	31	transportation	transportation	NOUN
epaa-229	315	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	315	33	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	315	34	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	315	35	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	315	36	caused	cause	VERB
epaa-229	315	37	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	315	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	315	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	316	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	316	2	political	political	ADJ
epaa-229	316	3	consequence	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	316	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	316	5	a	a	DET
epaa-229	316	6	deficit	deficit	NOUN
epaa-229	316	7	orientation	orientation	NOUN
epaa-229	316	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	316	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	316	10	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	316	11	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	316	12	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	316	13	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	316	14	lasting	last	VERB
epaa-229	316	15	constituencies	constituency	NOUN
epaa-229	316	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	316	17	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	316	18	fight	fight	VERB
epaa-229	316	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	316	20	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	316	21	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	316	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	316	23	term	term	NOUN
epaa-229	316	24	survival	survival	NOUN
epaa-229	316	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	316	26	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	316	27	cuban	cuban	ADJ
epaa-229	316	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	316	29	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-229	316	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	316	31	describes	describe	VERB
epaa-229	316	32	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	316	33	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-229	316	34	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	316	35	the	the	DET
epaa-229	316	36	longevity	longevity	NOUN
epaa-229	316	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	316	38	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	316	39	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-229	316	40	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	316	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	316	42	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	316	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	316	44	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	316	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	316	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	317	1	lastly	lastly	ADV
epaa-229	317	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	317	3	nationally	nationally	ADV
epaa-229	317	4	visible	visible	ADJ
epaa-229	317	5	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	317	6	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	317	7	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	317	8	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	317	9	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-229	317	10	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-229	317	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	317	12	persuasive	persuasive	ADJ
epaa-229	317	13	powers	power	NOUN
epaa-229	317	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	317	15	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	317	16	relations	relation	NOUN
epaa-229	317	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	317	18	following	follow	VERB
epaa-229	317	19	a	a	DET
epaa-229	317	20	pattern	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	317	21	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	317	22	dates	date	VERB
epaa-229	317	23	back	back	ADV
epaa-229	317	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	317	25	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	317	26	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	317	27	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	317	28	became	become	VERB
epaa-229	317	29	a	a	DET
epaa-229	317	30	headline	headline	NOUN
epaa-229	317	31	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-229	317	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	318	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	318	2	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	318	3	world	world	NOUN
epaa-229	318	4	wars	war	NOUN
epaa-229	318	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	318	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	318	7	1950s	1950s	NUM
epaa-229	318	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	318	9	1963	1963	NUM
epaa-229	318	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	318	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	318	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	318	13	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	318	14	1990s	1990	NOUN
epaa-229	318	15	all	all	PRON
epaa-229	318	16	witnessed	witness	VERB
epaa-229	318	17	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	318	18	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	318	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	318	20	relations	relation	NOUN
epaa-229	318	21	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	318	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	318	23	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-229	318	24	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	318	25	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	318	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	318	27	private	private	ADJ
epaa-229	318	28	partnerships	partnership	NOUN
epaa-229	318	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	318	30	to	to	PART
epaa-229	318	31	convince	convince	VERB
epaa-229	318	32	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	318	33	to	to	PART
epaa-229	318	34	return	return	VERB
epaa-229	318	35	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	318	36	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	318	37	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	318	38	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	318	39	to	to	PART
epaa-229	318	40	remain	remain	VERB
epaa-229	318	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	318	42	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	318	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	319	1	four	four	NUM
epaa-229	319	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	319	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	319	4	five	five	NUM
epaa-229	319	5	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	319	6	went	go	VERB
epaa-229	319	7	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	319	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	319	9	same	same	ADJ
epaa-229	319	10	name	name	NOUN
epaa-229	319	11	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	319	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	319	13	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	319	14	stay	stay	NOUN
epaa-229	319	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	319	16	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	319	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	319	18	campaign	campaign	NOUN
epaa-229	319	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	319	20	angus	angus	NOUN
epaa-229	319	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	319	22	1965	1965	NUM
epaa-229	319	23	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	319	24	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	319	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	319	26	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	319	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	319	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	320	1	none	none	NOUN
epaa-229	320	2	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	320	3	a	a	DET
epaa-229	320	4	documented	document	VERB
epaa-229	320	5	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-229	320	6	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	320	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	320	8	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	320	9	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	320	10	relations	relation	NOUN
epaa-229	320	11	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	320	12	could	could	AUX
epaa-229	320	13	not	not	PART
epaa-229	320	14	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-229	320	15	change	change	VERB
epaa-229	320	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	320	17	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-229	320	18	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	320	19	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	320	20	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	320	21	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	320	22	leave	leave	VERB
epaa-229	320	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	320	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	321	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	321	2	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-229	321	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	321	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	321	5	push	push	NOUN
epaa-229	321	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	321	7	pull	pull	VERB
epaa-229	321	8	influences	influence	NOUN
epaa-229	321	9	described	describe	VERB
epaa-229	321	10	above	above	ADV
epaa-229	321	11	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	321	12	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-229	321	13	gone	go	VERB
epaa-229	321	14	unmentioned	unmentioned	ADJ
epaa-229	321	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	321	16	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	321	17	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	321	18	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	321	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	322	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	322	2	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-229	322	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	322	4	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	322	5	relations	relation	NOUN
epaa-229	322	6	alone	alone	ADV
epaa-229	322	7	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	322	8	change	change	VERB
epaa-229	322	9	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	322	10	demographic	demographic	ADJ
epaa-229	322	11	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-229	322	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	322	13	simplistic	simplistic	ADJ
epaa-229	322	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	323	1	limits	limit	NOUN
epaa-229	323	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	323	3	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	323	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	323	5	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	323	6	consistent	consistent	ADJ
epaa-229	323	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	323	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	323	9	limits	limit	NOUN
epaa-229	323	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	323	11	explicit	explicit	ADJ
epaa-229	323	12	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	323	13	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	323	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	323	15	remediation	remediation	NOUN
epaa-229	323	16	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-229	323	17	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	323	18	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	323	19	limits	limit	NOUN
epaa-229	323	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	323	21	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	323	22	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	323	23	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	323	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	324	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	324	2	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	324	3	not	not	PART
epaa-229	324	4	always	always	ADV
epaa-229	324	5	talk	talk	VERB
epaa-229	324	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	324	7	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-229	324	8	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	324	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	324	10	responsible	responsible	ADJ
epaa-229	324	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	324	12	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	324	13	attrition	attrition	NOUN
epaa-229	324	14	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	324	15	small	small	ADJ
epaa-229	324	16	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	324	17	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	324	18	ever	ever	ADV
epaa-229	324	19	compensate	compensate	VERB
epaa-229	324	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	324	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	325	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	325	2	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	325	3	wave	wave	NOUN
epaa-229	325	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	325	5	explicit	explicit	ADJ
epaa-229	325	6	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	325	7	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	325	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	325	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	325	10	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	325	11	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-229	325	12	this	this	DET
epaa-229	325	13	type	type	NOUN
epaa-229	325	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	325	15	omission	omission	NOUN
epaa-229	325	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	326	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-229	326	2	arguments	argument	NOUN
epaa-229	326	3	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	326	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	326	5	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-229	326	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	326	7	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
epaa-229	326	8	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	326	9	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	326	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	326	11	neither	neither	CCONJ
epaa-229	326	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	326	13	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-229	326	14	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	326	15	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-229	326	16	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	326	17	changing	change	VERB
epaa-229	326	18	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	326	19	crucial	crucial	ADJ
epaa-229	326	20	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	326	21	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	326	22	encouraged	encourage	VERB
epaa-229	326	23	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	326	24	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	326	25	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	326	26	the	the	DET
epaa-229	326	27	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
epaa-229	326	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	326	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	326	30	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	326	31	disabilities	disability	NOUN
epaa-229	326	32	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	326	33	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	326	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	326	35	the	the	DET
epaa-229	326	36	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	326	37	separation	separation	NOUN
epaa-229	326	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	326	39	pregnant	pregnant	ADJ
epaa-229	326	40	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	326	41	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	326	42	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	326	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	326	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	326	45	widespread	widespread	ADJ
epaa-229	326	46	suspension	suspension	NOUN
epaa-229	326	47	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	326	48	expulsion	expulsion	NOUN
epaa-229	326	49	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	326	50	due	due	ADJ
epaa-229	326	51	process	process	NOUN
epaa-229	326	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	327	1	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-229	327	2	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	327	3	all	all	PRON
epaa-229	327	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	327	5	those	those	DET
epaa-229	327	6	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-229	327	7	succeeded	succeed	VERB
epaa-229	327	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	327	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	327	10	1970s	1970	NOUN
epaa-229	327	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	327	12	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	327	13	after	after	ADP
epaa-229	327	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	327	15	initial	initial	ADJ
epaa-229	327	16	peak	peak	NOUN
epaa-229	327	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	327	18	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	327	19	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	327	20	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	327	21	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	327	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	327	23	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	327	24	using	use	VERB
epaa-229	327	25	a	a	DET
epaa-229	327	26	civil	civil	ADJ
epaa-229	327	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	327	28	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-229	327	29	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-229	327	30	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-229	327	31	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	327	32	highlighting	highlight	VERB
epaa-229	327	33	the	the	DET
epaa-229	327	34	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	327	35	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-229	327	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	327	37	under	under	NOUN
epaa-229	327	38	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	327	39	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	327	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	327	41	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	327	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	327	43	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	327	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	327	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	328	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	328	2	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	328	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	328	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	328	5	1980s	1980s	NUM
epaa-229	328	6	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	328	7	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	328	8	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	328	9	to	to	PART
epaa-229	328	10	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-229	328	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	328	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	328	13	civil	civil	ADJ
epaa-229	328	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	328	15	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-229	328	16	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
epaa-229	328	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	328	18	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	328	19	attrition	attrition	NOUN
epaa-229	328	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	328	21	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	328	22	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	328	23	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	328	24	still	still	ADV
epaa-229	328	25	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	328	26	revolved	revolve	VERB
epaa-229	328	27	around	around	ADP
epaa-229	328	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	328	29	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-229	328	30	link	link	NOUN
epaa-229	328	31	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	328	32	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	328	33	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	328	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	328	35	dependency	dependency	NOUN
epaa-229	328	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	329	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-229	329	2	liberals	liberal	NOUN
epaa-229	329	3	like	like	ADP
epaa-229	329	4	california	california	PROPN
epaa-229	329	5	rep	rep	PROPN
epaa-229	329	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	329	7	george	george	PROPN
epaa-229	329	8	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-229	329	9	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	329	10	justified	justify	VERB
epaa-229	329	11	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-229	329	12	aid	aid	NOUN
epaa-229	329	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	329	14	a	a	DET
epaa-229	329	15	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	329	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	329	17	1960s	1960	NOUN
epaa-229	329	18	18	18	NUM
epaa-229	329	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	329	20	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	329	21	writers	writer	NOUN
epaa-229	329	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	329	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	329	24	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	329	25	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	329	26	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	329	27	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	329	28	recognized	recognize	VERB
epaa-229	329	29	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	329	30	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	329	31	a	a	DET
epaa-229	329	32	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	329	33	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	329	34	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	329	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	329	36	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	329	37	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	329	38	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	329	39	able	able	ADJ
epaa-229	329	40	to	to	PART
epaa-229	329	41	compete	compete	VERB
epaa-229	329	42	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	329	43	the	the	DET
epaa-229	329	44	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	329	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	329	46	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	329	47	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	329	48	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-229	329	49	centered	center	VERB
epaa-229	329	50	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	329	51	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	329	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	330	1	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	330	2	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	330	3	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	330	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	330	5	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-229	330	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	330	7	securing	secure	VERB
epaa-229	330	8	family	family	NOUN
epaa-229	330	9	self	self	NOUN
epaa-229	330	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	330	11	sufficiency	sufficiency	NOUN
epaa-229	330	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	330	13	to	to	PART
epaa-229	330	14	prevent	prevent	VERB
epaa-229	330	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	330	16	cycle	cycle	NOUN
epaa-229	330	17	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	330	18	starting	start	VERB
epaa-229	330	19	over	over	ADV
epaa-229	330	20	again	again	ADV
epaa-229	330	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	330	22	a	a	DET
epaa-229	330	23	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	330	24	generation	generation	NOUN
epaa-229	330	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	330	26	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	330	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	331	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	331	2	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-229	331	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	331	4	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	331	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	331	6	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-229	331	7	h3901	h3901	NOUN
epaa-229	331	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	331	9	2	2	NUM
epaa-229	331	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	331	11	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	331	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	331	13	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	331	14	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	331	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	331	16	an	an	DET
epaa-229	331	17	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-229	331	18	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	331	19	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	331	20	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-229	331	21	existed	exist	VERB
epaa-229	331	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	331	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	331	24	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	331	25	fifteen	fifteen	NUM
epaa-229	331	26	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	331	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	331	28	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	331	29	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	331	30	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	331	31	not	not	PART
epaa-229	331	32	dominated	dominate	VERB
epaa-229	331	33	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	331	34	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	331	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	331	36	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	331	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	331	38	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	331	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	331	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	332	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	332	2	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	332	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	332	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	332	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	332	6	shadow	shadow	NOUN
epaa-229	332	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	332	8	dependency	dependency	NOUN
epaa-229	332	9	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	332	10	tend	tend	VERB
epaa-229	332	11	to	to	PART
epaa-229	332	12	dominate	dominate	VERB
epaa-229	332	13	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	332	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	332	15	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	332	16	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	332	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	333	1	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	333	2	trying	try	VERB
epaa-229	333	3	to	to	PART
epaa-229	333	4	persuade	persuade	VERB
epaa-229	333	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	333	6	public	public	NOUN
epaa-229	333	7	to	to	PART
epaa-229	333	8	pay	pay	VERB
epaa-229	333	9	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-229	333	10	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	333	11	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
epaa-229	333	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	333	13	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	333	14	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-229	333	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	333	16	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	333	17	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	333	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	333	19	echoing	echo	VERB
epaa-229	333	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	333	21	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	333	22	35	35	NUM
epaa-229	333	23	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	333	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	333	25	writings	writing	NOUN
epaa-229	333	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	333	27	speeches	speech	NOUN
epaa-229	333	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	333	29	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	333	30	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	333	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	334	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	334	2	trying	try	VERB
epaa-229	334	3	to	to	PART
epaa-229	334	4	get	get	VERB
epaa-229	334	5	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-229	334	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	334	7	these	these	DET
epaa-229	334	8	appeals	appeal	NOUN
epaa-229	334	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	334	10	fears	fear	NOUN
epaa-229	334	11	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	334	12	dependency	dependency	NOUN
epaa-229	334	13	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	334	14	easily	easily	ADV
epaa-229	334	15	drown	drown	VERB
epaa-229	334	16	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	334	17	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-229	334	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	334	19	framing	frame	VERB
epaa-229	334	20	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	334	21	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	334	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	335	1	shifting	shift	VERB
epaa-229	335	2	tensions	tension	NOUN
epaa-229	335	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	335	4	tensions	tension	NOUN
epaa-229	335	5	described	describe	VERB
epaa-229	335	6	here	here	ADV
epaa-229	335	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	335	8	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	335	9	broadening	broaden	VERB
epaa-229	335	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	335	11	access	access	NOUN
epaa-229	335	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	335	13	restricting	restrict	VERB
epaa-229	335	14	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	335	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	335	16	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	335	17	shifted	shift	VERB
epaa-229	335	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	335	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	335	20	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	335	21	forty	forty	NUM
epaa-229	335	22	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	335	23	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	335	24	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	335	25	roots	root	NOUN
epaa-229	335	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	335	27	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	335	28	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	335	29	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-229	335	30	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	335	31	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	335	32	political	political	ADJ
epaa-229	335	33	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	335	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	336	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	336	2	1960	1960	NUM
epaa-229	336	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	336	4	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	336	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	336	6	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	336	7	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	336	8	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	336	9	doubts	doubt	NOUN
epaa-229	336	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	336	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	336	12	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN
epaa-229	336	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	336	14	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	336	15	everyone	everyone	PRON
epaa-229	336	16	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	336	17	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	336	18	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	336	19	older	old	ADJ
epaa-229	336	20	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-229	336	21	born	bear	VERB
epaa-229	336	22	before	before	ADP
epaa-229	336	23	1920	1920	NUM
epaa-229	336	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	336	25	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	336	26	had	have	AUX
epaa-229	336	27	gone	go	VERB
epaa-229	336	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	336	29	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	336	30	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	336	31	only	only	ADV
epaa-229	336	32	a	a	DET
epaa-229	336	33	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-229	336	34	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	336	35	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	336	36	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	336	37	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	336	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	337	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	337	2	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-229	337	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	337	4	law	law	NOUN
epaa-229	337	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	337	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	337	7	1970s	1970	NOUN
epaa-229	337	8	limiting	limit	VERB
epaa-229	337	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	337	10	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-229	337	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	337	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	337	13	to	to	PART
epaa-229	337	14	exclude	exclude	VERB
epaa-229	337	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	337	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	337	17	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	337	18	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	337	19	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	337	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	337	21	stable	stable	ADJ
epaa-229	337	22	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	337	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	337	24	a	a	DET
epaa-229	337	25	large	large	ADJ
epaa-229	337	26	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-229	337	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	337	28	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	337	29	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	337	30	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	337	31	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	337	32	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	337	33	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	337	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	337	35	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	337	36	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	337	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	337	38	place	place	NOUN
epaa-229	337	39	now	now	ADV
epaa-229	337	40	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	337	41	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	337	42	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	337	43	a	a	PRON
epaa-229	337	44	quarter	quarter	NOUN
epaa-229	337	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	337	46	a	a	DET
epaa-229	337	47	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	337	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	338	1	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	338	2	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-229	338	3	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	338	4	grew	grow	VERB
epaa-229	338	5	up	up	ADP
epaa-229	338	6	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	338	7	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	338	8	was	be	AUX
epaa-229	338	9	a	a	DET
epaa-229	338	10	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-229	338	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	338	12	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	338	13	been	be	AUX
epaa-229	338	14	professionals	professional	NOUN
epaa-229	338	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	338	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	338	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	338	18	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	338	19	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	338	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	338	21	during	during	ADP
epaa-229	338	22	a	a	DET
epaa-229	338	23	time	time	NOUN
epaa-229	338	24	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	338	25	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	338	26	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	338	27	had	have	VERB
epaa-229	338	28	to	to	PART
epaa-229	338	29	open	open	VERB
epaa-229	338	30	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	338	31	doors	door	NOUN
epaa-229	338	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	338	33	all	all	DET
epaa-229	338	34	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	338	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	339	1	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	339	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	339	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	339	4	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-229	339	5	tension	tension	NOUN
epaa-229	339	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	339	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	339	8	mission	mission	NOUN
epaa-229	339	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	339	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	339	11	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	339	12	remains	remain	VERB
epaa-229	339	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	340	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	340	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	340	3	i	i	PRON
epaa-229	340	4	see	see	VERB
epaa-229	340	5	far	far	ADV
epaa-229	340	6	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	340	7	tension	tension	NOUN
epaa-229	340	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	340	9	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	340	10	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	340	11	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	340	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	340	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	340	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	340	15	organizations	organization	NOUN
epaa-229	340	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	341	1	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
epaa-229	341	2	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
epaa-229	341	3	call	call	VERB
epaa-229	341	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	341	5	90	90	NUM
epaa-229	341	6	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-229	341	7	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	341	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	341	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	341	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	341	11	second	second	ADJ
epaa-229	341	12	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	341	13	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	341	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	341	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	341	16	an	an	DET
epaa-229	341	17	end	end	NOUN
epaa-229	341	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	341	19	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	341	20	promotion	promotion	NOUN
epaa-229	341	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	342	1	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-229	342	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	342	3	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	342	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	342	5	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	342	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	342	7	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-229	342	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	342	9	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	342	10	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	342	11	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	342	12	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	342	13	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-229	342	14	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-229	342	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	342	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-229	342	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	342	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	342	19	to	to	PART
epaa-229	342	20	work	work	VERB
epaa-229	342	21	hard	hard	ADV
epaa-229	342	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	342	23	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-229	342	24	accomplish	accomplish	VERB
epaa-229	342	25	universal	universal	ADJ
epaa-229	342	26	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	342	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	342	28	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-229	342	29	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	342	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	343	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	343	2	push	push	NOUN
epaa-229	343	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	343	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	343	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	343	6	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	343	7	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	343	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	343	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	343	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	343	11	part	part	NOUN
epaa-229	343	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	343	13	a	a	DET
epaa-229	343	14	consequence	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	343	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	343	16	that	that	DET
epaa-229	343	17	shift	shift	NOUN
epaa-229	343	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	343	19	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-229	343	20	political	political	ADJ
epaa-229	343	21	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	343	22	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	343	23	schooling	school	VERB
epaa-229	343	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	343	25	a	a	DET
epaa-229	343	26	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	343	27	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-229	343	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	344	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	344	2	states	state	NOUN
epaa-229	344	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	344	4	taken	take	VERB
epaa-229	344	5	this	this	DET
epaa-229	344	6	road	road	NOUN
epaa-229	344	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	344	8	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	344	9	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-229	344	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	344	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	344	12	this	this	DET
epaa-229	344	13	historian	historian	NOUN
epaa-229	344	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	344	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	344	16	holy	holy	ADJ
epaa-229	344	17	grail	grail	NOUN
epaa-229	344	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	344	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	344	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	344	21	goldstein	goldstein	NOUN
epaa-229	344	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	344	23	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-229	344	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	344	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	345	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	345	2	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-229	345	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	345	4	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	345	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	345	6	admirable	admirable	ADJ
epaa-229	345	7	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	345	8	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	345	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	345	10	introspection	introspection	NOUN
epaa-229	345	11	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	345	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	345	13	dilemmas	dilemma	NOUN
epaa-229	345	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	345	15	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	345	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	345	17	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-229	345	18	absent	absent	ADJ
epaa-229	345	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	346	1	lessons	lesson	NOUN
epaa-229	346	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	346	3	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
epaa-229	346	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	346	5	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	346	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	346	7	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	346	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	346	9	diplomas	diploma	VERB
epaa-229	346	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	346	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	346	12	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	346	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	346	14	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	346	15	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	346	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	346	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	346	18	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	346	19	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	346	20	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-229	346	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	346	22	guide	guide	NOUN
epaa-229	346	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	346	24	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	346	25	not	not	PART
epaa-229	346	26	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	346	27	the	the	DET
epaa-229	346	28	future	future	NOUN
epaa-229	346	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	346	30	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	346	31	least	least	ADJ
epaa-229	346	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	346	33	some	some	DET
epaa-229	346	34	plausible	plausible	ADJ
epaa-229	346	35	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-229	346	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	346	37	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	346	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	346	39	the	the	DET
epaa-229	346	40	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	346	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	346	42	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	346	43	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	346	44	an	an	DET
epaa-229	346	45	era	era	NOUN
epaa-229	346	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	346	47	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	346	48	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	346	49	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	346	50	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	346	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	347	1	these	these	DET
epaa-229	347	2	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-229	347	3	mirror	mirror	VERB
epaa-229	347	4	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	347	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	347	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	347	7	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	347	8	research	research	PROPN
epaa-229	347	9	council	council	PROPN
epaa-229	347	10	's	's	PART
epaa-229	347	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	347	12	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	347	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	347	14	committee	committee	NOUN
epaa-229	347	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	347	16	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	347	17	excellence	excellence	PROPN
epaa-229	347	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	347	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	347	20	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-229	347	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	348	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	348	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-229	348	3	a	a	DET
epaa-229	348	4	real	real	ADJ
epaa-229	348	5	possibility	possibility	NOUN
epaa-229	348	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	348	7	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-229	348	8	use	use	NOUN
epaa-229	348	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	348	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	348	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	348	12	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	348	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	348	14	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	348	15	decrease	decrease	VERB
epaa-229	348	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	348	17	some	some	DET
epaa-229	348	18	measurable	measurable	ADJ
epaa-229	348	19	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-229	348	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	348	21	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-229	348	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	348	23	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	348	24	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	348	25	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	348	26	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	348	27	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	348	28	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	348	29	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	348	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	348	31	the	the	DET
epaa-229	348	32	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-229	348	33	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	348	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	348	35	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	348	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	349	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	349	2	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-229	349	3	stability	stability	NOUN
epaa-229	349	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	349	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	349	6	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-229	349	7	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	349	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	349	9	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	349	10	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	349	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	349	12	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-229	349	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	349	14	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	349	15	does	do	AUX
epaa-229	349	16	not	not	PART
epaa-229	349	17	always	always	ADV
epaa-229	349	18	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-229	349	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	349	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	349	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	349	22	decline	decline	NOUN
epaa-229	349	23	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	349	24	the	the	DET
epaa-229	349	25	end	end	NOUN
epaa-229	349	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	349	27	the	the	DET
epaa-229	349	28	world	world	PROPN
epaa-229	349	29	war	war	PROPN
epaa-229	349	30	ii	ii	PROPN
epaa-229	349	31	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	349	32	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-229	349	33	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	349	34	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	349	35	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	349	36	decrease	decrease	VERB
epaa-229	349	37	under	under	ADP
epaa-229	349	38	certain	certain	ADJ
epaa-229	349	39	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
epaa-229	349	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	350	1	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	350	2	could	could	AUX
epaa-229	350	3	imagine	imagine	VERB
epaa-229	350	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	350	5	plausibly	plausibly	ADV
epaa-229	350	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	350	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	350	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	350	9	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-229	350	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	350	11	indirect	indirect	ADJ
epaa-229	350	12	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	350	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	350	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	350	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	350	16	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	350	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	350	18	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	350	19	result	result	VERB
epaa-229	350	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	350	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	350	22	19	19	NUM
epaa-229	350	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	350	24	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	350	25	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-229	350	26	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-229	350	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	350	28	teens	teen	NOUN
epaa-229	350	29	'	'	PART
epaa-229	350	30	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	350	31	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	350	32	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	350	33	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	350	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	351	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	351	2	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-229	351	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	351	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	351	5	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-229	351	6	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
epaa-229	351	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	351	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	351	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	351	10	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	351	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	351	12	together	together	ADV
epaa-229	351	13	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	351	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	351	15	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	351	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	351	17	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	351	18	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	351	19	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
epaa-229	351	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	351	21	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	351	22	raise	raise	VERB
epaa-229	351	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	351	24	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-229	351	25	question	question	NOUN
epaa-229	351	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	351	27	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	351	28	which	which	DET
epaa-229	351	29	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	351	30	earned	earn	VERB
epaa-229	351	31	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	351	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	351	33	a	a	DET
epaa-229	351	34	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	351	35	priority	priority	NOUN
epaa-229	351	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	351	37	any	any	DET
epaa-229	351	38	research	research	NOUN
epaa-229	351	39	tracking	track	VERB
epaa-229	351	40	the	the	DET
epaa-229	351	41	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	351	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	351	43	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	351	44	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	351	45	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	351	46	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	351	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	352	1	finally	finally	ADV
epaa-229	352	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	352	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	352	4	small	small	ADJ
epaa-229	352	5	size	size	NOUN
epaa-229	352	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	352	7	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	352	8	dropout	dropout	ADJ
epaa-229	352	9	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	352	10	historically	historically	ADV
epaa-229	352	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	352	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	352	13	blind	blind	ADJ
epaa-229	352	14	spots	spot	NOUN
epaa-229	352	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	352	16	public	public	ADJ
epaa-229	352	17	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	352	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	352	19	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	352	20	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	352	21	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	352	22	warn	warn	VERB
epaa-229	352	23	anyone	anyone	PRON
epaa-229	352	24	against	against	ADP
epaa-229	352	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	352	26	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-229	352	27	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	352	28	a	a	DET
epaa-229	352	29	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	352	30	band	band	NOUN
epaa-229	352	31	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	352	32	aid	aid	NOUN
epaa-229	352	33	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	352	34	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	352	35	easily	easily	ADV
epaa-229	352	36	staunch	staunch	VERB
epaa-229	352	37	a	a	DET
epaa-229	352	38	large	large	ADJ
epaa-229	352	39	flow	flow	NOUN
epaa-229	352	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	352	41	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	352	42	heading	head	VERB
epaa-229	352	43	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	352	44	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	352	45	doors	door	NOUN
epaa-229	352	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	353	1	these	these	DET
epaa-229	353	2	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-229	353	3	raised	raise	VERB
epaa-229	353	4	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	353	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	353	6	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	353	7	described	describe	VERB
epaa-229	353	8	here	here	ADV
epaa-229	353	9	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	353	10	not	not	PART
epaa-229	353	11	predict	predict	VERB
epaa-229	353	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-229	353	13	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	353	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	353	15	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	353	16	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	353	17	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	353	18	restore	restore	VERB
epaa-229	353	19	some	some	DET
epaa-229	353	20	presumed	presume	VERB
epaa-229	353	21	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	353	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	353	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	353	24	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	353	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	353	26	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-229	353	27	the	the	DET
epaa-229	353	28	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-229	353	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	353	30	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	353	31	attrition	attrition	NOUN
epaa-229	353	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	354	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	354	2	should	should	AUX
epaa-229	354	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	354	4	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	354	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	354	6	help	help	VERB
epaa-229	354	7	frame	frame	VERB
epaa-229	354	8	further	further	ADJ
epaa-229	354	9	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-229	354	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	354	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-229	354	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	355	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
epaa-229	355	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	355	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	355	4	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	355	5	tangled	tangled	ADJ
epaa-229	355	6	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	355	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	355	8	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	355	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	355	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	355	11	different	different	ADJ
epaa-229	355	12	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-229	355	13	values	value	NOUN
epaa-229	355	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	355	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	355	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	355	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	355	18	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	355	19	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-229	355	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	355	21	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	355	22	must	must	AUX
epaa-229	355	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	355	24	very	very	ADV
epaa-229	355	25	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-229	355	26	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	355	27	discussing	discuss	VERB
epaa-229	355	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	355	29	rationale	rationale	NOUN
epaa-229	355	30	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	355	31	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	355	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	355	33	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	355	34	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	355	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	356	1	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	356	2	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	356	3	an	an	DET
epaa-229	356	4	exchange	exchange	NOUN
epaa-229	356	5	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	356	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	356	7	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-229	356	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	356	9	a	a	DET
epaa-229	356	10	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	356	11	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	356	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	356	13	to	to	PART
epaa-229	356	14	gain	gain	VERB
epaa-229	356	15	entry	entry	NOUN
epaa-229	356	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	356	17	another	another	DET
epaa-229	356	18	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	356	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	356	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	356	21	that	that	DET
epaa-229	356	22	exchange	exchange	NOUN
epaa-229	356	23	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	356	24	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	356	25	not	not	PART
epaa-229	356	26	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	356	27	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-229	356	28	related	relate	VERB
epaa-229	356	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	356	30	the	the	DET
epaa-229	356	31	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-229	356	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	356	33	a	a	DET
epaa-229	356	34	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	356	35	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	356	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	357	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	357	2	what	what	DET
epaa-229	357	3	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-229	357	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	357	5	states	state	NOUN
epaa-229	357	6	withholding	withhold	VERB
epaa-229	357	7	a	a	DET
epaa-229	357	8	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-229	357	9	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	357	10	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	357	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	357	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	357	13	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	357	14	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	357	15	not	not	PART
epaa-229	357	16	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-229	357	17	certain	certain	ADJ
epaa-229	357	18	examination	examination	NOUN
epaa-229	357	19	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	357	20	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	358	1	having	have	VERB
epaa-229	358	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	358	3	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	358	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	358	5	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	358	6	exchange	exchange	NOUN
epaa-229	358	7	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	358	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	358	9	important	important	ADJ
epaa-229	358	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	358	11	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	358	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	358	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	358	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	358	15	so	so	ADV
epaa-229	358	16	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	358	17	must	must	AUX
epaa-229	358	18	balance	balance	VERB
epaa-229	358	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	358	20	property	property	NOUN
epaa-229	358	21	interest	interest	NOUN
epaa-229	358	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	358	23	a	a	DET
epaa-229	358	24	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	358	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	358	26	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	358	27	the	the	DET
epaa-229	358	28	debra	debra	PROPN
epaa-229	358	29	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	358	30	case	case	NOUN
epaa-229	358	31	described	describe	VERB
epaa-229	358	32	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	358	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	358	34	against	against	ADP
epaa-229	358	35	the	the	DET
epaa-229	358	36	eventual	eventual	ADJ
epaa-229	358	37	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-229	358	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	358	39	the	the	DET
epaa-229	358	40	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	358	41	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	358	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	359	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	359	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	359	3	threatening	threaten	VERB
epaa-229	359	4	a	a	DET
epaa-229	359	5	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	359	6	's	's	PART
epaa-229	359	7	access	access	NOUN
epaa-229	359	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	359	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	359	10	exchange	exchange	NOUN
epaa-229	359	11	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	359	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	359	13	a	a	DET
epaa-229	359	14	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	359	15	a	a	DET
epaa-229	359	16	justifiable	justifiable	ADJ
epaa-229	359	17	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	359	18	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	1	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-229	360	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	3	following	follow	VERB
epaa-229	360	4	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	360	5	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	360	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	360	7	any	any	DET
epaa-229	360	8	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	360	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	10	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-229	360	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	360	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	360	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	15	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	360	16	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-229	360	17	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	18	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-229	360	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	20	exchange	exchange	NOUN
epaa-229	360	21	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	360	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	360	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	24	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	360	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	360	26	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	27	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	360	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	29	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
epaa-229	360	30	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	360	31	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-229	360	32	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	360	33	credibility	credibility	NOUN
epaa-229	360	34	immediately	immediately	ADV
epaa-229	360	35	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	360	36	employers	employer	NOUN
epaa-229	360	37	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	360	38	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-229	360	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	40	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	41	certifying	certify	VERB
epaa-229	360	42	concrete	concrete	ADJ
epaa-229	360	43	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	360	44	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	360	45	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-229	360	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	360	47	an	an	DET
epaa-229	360	48	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	360	49	program	program	NOUN
epaa-229	360	50	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	360	51	society	society	NOUN
epaa-229	360	52	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	53	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-229	360	54	a	a	DET
epaa-229	360	55	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	360	56	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	360	57	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	360	58	tied	tie	VERB
epaa-229	360	59	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	360	60	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	61	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-229	360	62	program	program	NOUN
epaa-229	360	63	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	64	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	65	certifying	certify	VERB
epaa-229	360	66	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	67	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	360	68	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
epaa-229	360	69	worth	worth	NOUN
epaa-229	360	70	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	360	71	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	360	72	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	360	73	society	society	NOUN
epaa-229	360	74	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	75	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-229	360	76	a	a	DET
epaa-229	360	77	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	360	78	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	360	79	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	360	80	not	not	PART
epaa-229	360	81	tied	tie	VERB
epaa-229	360	82	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	360	83	a	a	DET
epaa-229	360	84	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-229	360	85	program	program	NOUN
epaa-229	360	86	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	87	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	88	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-229	360	89	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	90	status	status	NOUN
epaa-229	360	91	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	360	92	a	a	DET
epaa-229	360	93	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	360	94	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	360	95	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	360	96	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	97	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	360	98	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	99	credibility	credibility	NOUN
epaa-229	360	100	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	360	101	a	a	DET
epaa-229	360	102	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	360	103	's	's	PART
epaa-229	360	104	inherent	inherent	ADJ
epaa-229	360	105	worth	worth	NOUN
epaa-229	360	106	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	360	107	through	through	ADP
epaa-229	360	108	restricting	restrict	VERB
epaa-229	360	109	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	360	110	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	111	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	112	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-229	360	113	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	114	exchange	exchange	NOUN
epaa-229	360	115	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	360	116	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	360	117	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	118	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	360	119	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	360	120	future	future	ADJ
epaa-229	360	121	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	360	122	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	123	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	360	124	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-229	360	125	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	360	126	credibility	credibility	NOUN
epaa-229	360	127	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	360	128	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	129	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	360	130	term	term	NOUN
epaa-229	360	131	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	132	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-229	360	133	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	360	134	using	use	VERB
epaa-229	360	135	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	136	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-229	360	137	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	360	138	current	current	ADJ
epaa-229	360	139	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-229	360	140	to	to	PART
epaa-229	360	141	encourage	encourage	VERB
epaa-229	360	142	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	360	143	to	to	PART
epaa-229	360	144	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-229	360	145	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	360	146	the	the	DET
epaa-229	360	147	future	future	NOUN
epaa-229	360	148	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	361	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-229	361	2	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	361	3	ordered	order	VERB
epaa-229	361	4	these	these	DET
epaa-229	361	5	seven	seven	NUM
epaa-229	361	6	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	361	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	361	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	361	9	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	361	10	immediate	immediate	ADJ
epaa-229	361	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	361	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	361	13	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	361	14	distant	distant	ADJ
epaa-229	361	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	361	16	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-229	361	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	361	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	361	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	361	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	362	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	362	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	362	3	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	362	4	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	362	5	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	362	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	362	7	there	there	PRON
epaa-229	362	8	are	be	VERB
epaa-229	362	9	alleged	allege	VERB
epaa-229	362	10	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-229	362	11	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-229	362	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	362	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	362	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	362	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	362	16	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-229	362	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	362	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	362	19	use	use	NOUN
epaa-229	362	20	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	362	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	362	22	a	a	DET
epaa-229	362	23	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	362	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	362	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	362	26	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-229	362	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	362	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	362	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	362	30	the	the	DET
epaa-229	362	31	exchange	exchange	NOUN
epaa-229	362	32	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	362	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	362	34	the	the	DET
epaa-229	362	35	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	362	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	363	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	363	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	363	3	third	third	ADJ
epaa-229	363	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	363	5	fourth	fourth	ADJ
epaa-229	363	6	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	363	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	363	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	363	9	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	363	10	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-229	363	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	363	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	363	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	363	14	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	363	15	gain	gain	VERB
epaa-229	363	16	indirectly	indirectly	ADV
epaa-229	363	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	364	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	364	2	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	364	3	three	three	NUM
epaa-229	364	4	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	364	5	use	use	VERB
epaa-229	364	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	364	7	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	364	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	364	9	a	a	DET
epaa-229	364	10	means	mean	NOUN
epaa-229	364	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	364	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	364	13	essence	essence	NOUN
epaa-229	364	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	364	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	364	16	others	other	NOUN
epaa-229	364	17	'	'	PART
epaa-229	364	18	ends	end	NOUN
epaa-229	364	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	364	20	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	364	21	little	little	ADJ
epaa-229	364	22	foreseeable	foreseeable	ADJ
epaa-229	364	23	benefit	benefit	NOUN
epaa-229	364	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	364	25	the	the	DET
epaa-229	364	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	364	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	364	28	question	question	NOUN
epaa-229	364	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	365	1	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	365	2	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	365	3	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-229	365	4	some	some	PRON
epaa-229	365	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	365	6	these	these	DET
epaa-229	365	7	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	365	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	365	9	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-229	365	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	365	11	ethics	ethic	NOUN
epaa-229	365	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	366	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-229	366	2	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	366	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	366	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	366	5	example	example	NOUN
epaa-229	366	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	366	7	disapprove	disapprove	VERB
epaa-229	366	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	366	9	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	366	10	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-229	366	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	366	12	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	366	13	uses	use	VERB
epaa-229	366	14	current	current	ADJ
epaa-229	366	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	366	16	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-229	366	17	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	366	18	pawns	pawn	NOUN
epaa-229	366	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	367	1	other	other	ADJ
epaa-229	367	2	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	367	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	367	4	such	such	ADJ
epaa-229	367	5	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	367	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	367	7	first	first	ADJ
epaa-229	367	8	two	two	NUM
epaa-229	367	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	367	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	367	11	amenable	amenable	ADJ
epaa-229	367	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	367	13	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-229	367	14	exploration	exploration	NOUN
epaa-229	367	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	368	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	368	2	third	third	ADJ
epaa-229	368	3	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	368	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	368	5	most	most	ADV
epaa-229	368	6	common	common	ADJ
epaa-229	368	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	368	8	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-229	368	9	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-229	368	10	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	368	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	368	12	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-229	368	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	368	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-229	368	15	has	have	VERB
epaa-229	368	16	a	a	DET
epaa-229	368	17	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-229	368	18	interest	interest	NOUN
epaa-229	368	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	368	20	skilled	skilled	ADJ
epaa-229	368	21	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	368	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	368	23	medical	medical	ADJ
epaa-229	368	24	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	368	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	368	26	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-229	368	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	368	28	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	368	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	368	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	368	31	the	the	DET
epaa-229	368	32	like	like	ADJ
epaa-229	368	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	368	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	368	35	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-229	368	36	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	368	37	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	368	38	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-229	368	39	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-229	368	40	the	the	DET
epaa-229	368	41	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-229	368	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	368	43	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-229	368	44	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	368	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	369	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	369	2	hardest	hard	ADJ
epaa-229	369	3	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	369	4	to	to	PART
epaa-229	369	5	weigh	weigh	VERB
epaa-229	369	6	against	against	ADP
epaa-229	369	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	369	8	property	property	NOUN
epaa-229	369	9	interest	interest	NOUN
epaa-229	369	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	369	11	a	a	DET
epaa-229	369	12	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	369	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	369	14	certifying	certify	VERB
epaa-229	369	15	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	369	16	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	369	17	educated	educate	VERB
epaa-229	369	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	369	19	toto	toto	PROPN
epaa-229	369	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	370	1	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	370	2	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	370	3	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	370	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	370	5	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-229	370	6	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	370	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	370	8	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-229	370	9	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	370	10	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-229	370	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	370	12	20	20	NUM
epaa-229	370	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	370	14	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	370	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	370	16	always	always	ADV
epaa-229	370	17	proxies	proxy	NOUN
epaa-229	370	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	370	19	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-229	370	20	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-229	370	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	370	22	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	370	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	370	24	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
epaa-229	370	25	skilled	skilled	ADJ
epaa-229	370	26	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	370	27	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
epaa-229	370	28	to	to	PART
epaa-229	370	29	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	370	30	earned	earn	VERB
epaa-229	370	31	the	the	DET
epaa-229	370	32	title	title	NOUN
epaa-229	370	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	370	34	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	370	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	370	36	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	371	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	371	2	risk	risk	NOUN
epaa-229	371	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	371	4	either	either	DET
epaa-229	371	5	type	type	NOUN
epaa-229	371	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	371	7	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	371	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	371	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	371	10	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-229	371	11	a	a	DET
epaa-229	371	12	course	course	NOUN
epaa-229	371	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	371	14	exam	exam	NOUN
epaa-229	371	15	might	might	AUX
epaa-229	371	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	371	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	371	18	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	371	19	best	good	ADJ
epaa-229	371	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	371	21	a	a	DET
epaa-229	371	22	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-229	371	23	substitute	substitute	NOUN
epaa-229	371	24	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	371	25	being	be	AUX
epaa-229	371	26	a	a	DET
epaa-229	371	27	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	371	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	371	29	educated	educate	VERB
epaa-229	371	30	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-229	371	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	372	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	372	2	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	372	3	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	372	4	narrow	narrow	VERB
epaa-229	372	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	372	6	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	372	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	372	8	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	372	9	gateway	gateway	NOUN
epaa-229	372	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	372	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	372	12	this	this	DET
epaa-229	372	13	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	372	14	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-229	372	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	372	16	though	though	ADV
epaa-229	372	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	372	18	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	372	19	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	372	20	examine	examine	VERB
epaa-229	372	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	372	22	merits	merit	NOUN
epaa-229	372	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	372	24	the	the	DET
epaa-229	372	25	proxy	proxy	NOUN
epaa-229	372	26	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-229	372	27	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	372	28	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-229	372	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	373	1	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	373	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	373	3	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-229	373	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	373	5	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-229	373	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	373	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	373	8	a	a	DET
epaa-229	373	9	healthy	healthy	ADJ
epaa-229	373	10	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
epaa-229	373	11	stretch	stretch	NOUN
epaa-229	373	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	373	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	373	14	a	a	DET
epaa-229	373	15	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	373	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	373	17	educated	educate	VERB
epaa-229	373	18	adult	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	373	19	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	373	20	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	374	1	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	374	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	374	3	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-229	374	4	measure	measure	VERB
epaa-229	374	5	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	374	6	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	374	7	value	value	VERB
epaa-229	374	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	374	9	a	a	DET
epaa-229	374	10	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	374	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	374	12	educated	educate	VERB
epaa-229	374	13	neighbor	neighbor	NOUN
epaa-229	374	14	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	375	1	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	375	2	all	all	DET
epaa-229	375	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	375	4	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	375	5	a	a	DET
epaa-229	375	6	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-229	375	7	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-229	375	8	to	to	PART
epaa-229	375	9	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-229	375	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	375	11	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	375	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	375	13	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-229	375	14	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	375	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	375	16	end	end	NOUN
epaa-229	375	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	375	18	a	a	DET
epaa-229	375	19	phase	phase	NOUN
epaa-229	375	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	375	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	375	22	period	period	NOUN
epaa-229	375	23	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	376	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	376	2	rarely	rarely	ADV
epaa-229	376	3	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-229	376	4	this	this	DET
epaa-229	376	5	proxy	proxy	NOUN
epaa-229	376	6	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-229	376	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	376	8	a	a	DET
epaa-229	376	9	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ
epaa-229	376	10	manner	manner	NOUN
epaa-229	376	11	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-229	376	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	376	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	376	14	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	376	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	376	16	political	political	ADJ
epaa-229	376	17	baggage	baggage	NOUN
epaa-229	376	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	376	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	376	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	376	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	376	22	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	376	23	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	376	24	acquired	acquire	VERB
epaa-229	376	25	over	over	ADP
epaa-229	376	26	more	more	ADJ
epaa-229	376	27	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	376	28	a	a	DET
epaa-229	376	29	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	376	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	377	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	377	2	assume	assume	VERB
epaa-229	377	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	377	4	all	all	ADV
epaa-229	377	5	too	too	ADV
epaa-229	377	6	often	often	ADV
epaa-229	377	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	377	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	377	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	377	10	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	377	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	377	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-229	377	13	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-229	377	14	before	before	ADV
epaa-229	377	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	377	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	377	17	exchange	exchange	NOUN
epaa-229	377	18	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	377	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	377	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	377	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	377	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	377	23	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	377	24	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-229	377	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	377	26	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	377	27	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	377	28	identical	identical	ADJ
epaa-229	377	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	378	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	378	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	378	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	378	4	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	378	5	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	378	6	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	378	7	common	common	ADJ
epaa-229	378	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	378	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	378	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	378	11	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	378	12	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	378	13	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	378	14	acquired	acquire	VERB
epaa-229	378	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	378	16	connotation	connotation	NOUN
epaa-229	378	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	378	18	dependency	dependency	NOUN
epaa-229	378	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	378	20	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	378	21	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	378	22	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-229	378	23	many	many	ADJ
epaa-229	378	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	378	25	our	our	PRON
epaa-229	378	26	anxieties	anxiety	NOUN
epaa-229	378	27	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	378	28	a	a	DET
epaa-229	378	29	changing	change	VERB
epaa-229	378	30	world	world	NOUN
epaa-229	378	31	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	378	32	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	378	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	378	34	a	a	DET
epaa-229	378	35	piece	piece	NOUN
epaa-229	378	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	378	37	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-229	378	38	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	378	39	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	378	40	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	378	41	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	378	42	not	not	PART
epaa-229	378	43	all	all	PRON
epaa-229	378	44	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	378	45	acquire	acquire	NOUN
epaa-229	378	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	379	1	this	this	DET
epaa-229	379	2	historian	historian	NOUN
epaa-229	379	3	believes	believe	VERB
epaa-229	379	4	firmly	firmly	ADV
epaa-229	379	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	379	6	disentangling	disentangle	VERB
epaa-229	379	7	all	all	DET
epaa-229	379	8	these	these	DET
epaa-229	379	9	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	379	10	meanings	meaning	NOUN
epaa-229	379	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	379	12	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	379	13	would	would	AUX
epaa-229	379	14	help	help	VERB
epaa-229	379	15	us	we	PRON
epaa-229	379	16	analyze	analyze	VERB
epaa-229	379	17	the	the	DET
epaa-229	379	18	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	379	19	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	379	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	379	21	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	379	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	379	23	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	379	24	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-229	379	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	379	26	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	379	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	379	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	379	29	meaning	meaning	NOUN
epaa-229	379	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	379	31	those	those	DET
epaa-229	379	32	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	379	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	379	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	379	35	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	379	36	to	to	PART
epaa-229	379	37	explain	explain	VERB
epaa-229	379	38	this	this	DET
epaa-229	379	39	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	379	40	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	379	41	a	a	DET
epaa-229	379	42	country	country	NOUN
epaa-229	379	43	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	379	44	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	379	45	desperate	desperate	ADJ
epaa-229	379	46	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	379	47	a	a	DET
epaa-229	379	48	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	379	49	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	379	50	some	some	DET
epaa-229	379	51	recognized	recognize	VERB
epaa-229	379	52	meaning	meaning	NOUN
epaa-229	379	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	380	1	notes	note	NOUN
epaa-229	380	2	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	380	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	381	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	381	2	series	series	NOUN
epaa-229	381	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	381	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	381	5	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	381	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	381	7	to-17	to-17	ADP
epaa-229	381	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	381	9	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	381	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	381	11	old	old	ADJ
epaa-229	381	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	381	13	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	381	14	ratio	ratio	NOUN
epaa-229	381	15	mixes	mix	VERB
epaa-229	381	16	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-229	381	17	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	381	18	goldin	goldin	PROPN
epaa-229	381	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	381	20	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	381	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	381	22	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	381	23	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	381	24	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-229	381	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	381	26	updated	update	VERB
epaa-229	381	27	information	information	NOUN
epaa-229	381	28	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	381	29	the	the	DET
epaa-229	381	30	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-229	381	31	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	381	32	department	department	PROPN
epaa-229	381	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	381	34	education	education	PROPN
epaa-229	381	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	381	36	snyder	snyder	PROPN
epaa-229	381	37	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	381	38	hoffman	hoffman	PROPN
epaa-229	381	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	381	40	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	381	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	381	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	382	1	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-229	382	2	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	382	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	382	4	now	now	ADV
epaa-229	382	5	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	382	6	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	382	7	to	to	PART
epaa-229	382	8	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-229	382	9	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	382	10	age	age	NOUN
epaa-229	382	11	18	18	NUM
epaa-229	382	12	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	382	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	382	14	most	most	ADJ
epaa-229	382	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	382	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	382	17	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	382	18	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	382	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	382	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	382	21	ratio	ratio	NOUN
epaa-229	382	22	based	base	VERB
epaa-229	382	23	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	382	24	the	the	DET
epaa-229	382	25	17	17	NUM
epaa-229	382	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	382	27	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	382	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	382	29	old	old	ADJ
epaa-229	382	30	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	382	31	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	382	32	underestimate	underestimate	VERB
epaa-229	382	33	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	382	34	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	382	35	the	the	DET
epaa-229	382	36	17	17	NUM
epaa-229	382	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	382	38	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	382	39	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	382	40	old	old	ADJ
epaa-229	382	41	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	382	42	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	382	43	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-229	382	44	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	382	45	the	the	DET
epaa-229	382	46	18	18	NUM
epaa-229	382	47	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	382	48	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	382	49	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	382	50	old	old	ADJ
epaa-229	382	51	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	382	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	382	53	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	382	54	overestimate	overestimate	VERB
epaa-229	382	55	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	382	56	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	382	57	the	the	DET
epaa-229	382	58	18	18	NUM
epaa-229	382	59	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	382	60	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	382	61	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	382	62	old	old	ADJ
epaa-229	382	63	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	382	64	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	382	65	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-229	382	66	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	383	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	383	2	neither	neither	CCONJ
epaa-229	383	3	will	will	AUX
epaa-229	383	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	383	5	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-229	383	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	383	7	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-229	383	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	383	9	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-229	383	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	383	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	383	12	long	long	ADJ
epaa-229	383	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	383	14	term	term	NOUN
epaa-229	383	15	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-229	383	16	described	describe	VERB
epaa-229	383	17	here	here	ADV
epaa-229	383	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	383	19	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-229	383	20	the	the	DET
epaa-229	383	21	measure	measure	NOUN
epaa-229	383	22	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	383	23	not	not	PART
epaa-229	383	24	a	a	DET
epaa-229	383	25	true	true	ADJ
epaa-229	383	26	event	event	NOUN
epaa-229	383	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	383	28	exposure	exposure	NOUN
epaa-229	383	29	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	383	30	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	383	31	a	a	DET
epaa-229	383	32	probability	probability	NOUN
epaa-229	383	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	383	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	383	35	the	the	DET
epaa-229	383	36	same	same	ADJ
epaa-229	383	37	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	383	38	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	383	39	the	the	DET
epaa-229	383	40	infant	infant	NOUN
epaa-229	383	41	mortality	mortality	NOUN
epaa-229	383	42	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	383	43	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	383	44	not	not	PART
epaa-229	383	45	a	a	DET
epaa-229	383	46	true	true	ADJ
epaa-229	383	47	event	event	NOUN
epaa-229	383	48	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	383	49	exposure	exposure	NOUN
epaa-229	383	50	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	383	51	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	383	52	nonetheless	nonetheless	ADV
epaa-229	383	53	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	383	54	a	a	DET
epaa-229	383	55	rough	rough	ADJ
epaa-229	383	56	measure	measure	NOUN
epaa-229	383	57	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	383	58	mortality	mortality	NOUN
epaa-229	383	59	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-229	383	60	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	383	61	the	the	DET
epaa-229	383	62	beginning	beginning	NOUN
epaa-229	383	63	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	383	64	life	life	NOUN
epaa-229	383	65	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	383	66	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	384	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	384	2	interval	interval	NOUN
epaa-229	384	3	spans	span	VERB
epaa-229	384	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	384	5	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-229	384	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	384	7	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	384	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	384	9	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	384	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	384	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	384	12	kaufman	kaufman	PROPN
epaa-229	384	13	et	et	PROPN
epaa-229	384	14	al	al	PROPN
epaa-229	384	15	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	385	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	385	2	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	385	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	385	4	series	serie	NOUN
epaa-229	385	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	385	6	mapped	map	VERB
epaa-229	385	7	back	back	ADV
epaa-229	385	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	385	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	385	10	birth	birth	NOUN
epaa-229	385	11	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	385	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	385	13	the	the	DET
epaa-229	385	14	mid	mid	NOUN
epaa-229	385	15	-	-	NOUN
epaa-229	385	16	point	point	NOUN
epaa-229	385	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	385	18	the	the	DET
epaa-229	385	19	range	range	NOUN
epaa-229	385	20	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	385	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	385	22	18	18	NUM
epaa-229	385	23	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	385	24	24	24	NUM
epaa-229	385	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	385	26	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	385	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	385	28	old	old	ADJ
epaa-229	385	29	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	385	30	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	385	31	reported	report	VERB
epaa-229	385	32	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	385	33	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	385	34	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	385	35	kaufman	kaufman	PROPN
epaa-229	385	36	et	et	PROPN
epaa-229	385	37	al	al	PROPN
epaa-229	385	38	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	385	39	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	385	40	mapped	map	VERB
epaa-229	385	41	back	back	ADV
epaa-229	385	42	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	385	43	the	the	DET
epaa-229	385	44	birth	birth	NOUN
epaa-229	385	45	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	385	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	385	47	those	those	DET
epaa-229	385	48	age	age	NOUN
epaa-229	385	49	21	21	NUM
epaa-229	385	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	385	51	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	385	52	1979	1979	NUM
epaa-229	385	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	386	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	386	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	386	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	386	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	386	5	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	386	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	386	7	a	a	DET
epaa-229	386	8	step	step	NOUN
epaa-229	386	9	to	to	PART
epaa-229	386	10	smooth	smooth	VERB
epaa-229	386	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	386	12	estimate	estimate	NOUN
epaa-229	386	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	387	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	387	2	goldin	goldin	VERB
epaa-229	387	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	387	4	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-229	387	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	387	6	noted	note	VERB
epaa-229	387	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	387	8	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	387	9	exaggerate	exaggerate	VERB
epaa-229	387	10	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	387	11	self	self	NOUN
epaa-229	387	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	387	13	reporting	report	VERB
epaa-229	387	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	387	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	388	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	388	2	census	census	NOUN
epaa-229	388	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	388	4	1940	1940	NUM
epaa-229	388	5	experienced	experience	VERB
epaa-229	388	6	far	far	ADV
epaa-229	388	7	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	388	8	evident	evident	ADJ
epaa-229	388	9	exaggeration	exaggeration	NOUN
epaa-229	388	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	388	11	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	388	12	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-229	388	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	388	14	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	388	15	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	388	16	goldin	goldin	PROPN
epaa-229	388	17	gathered	gather	VERB
epaa-229	388	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	388	19	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	388	20	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	388	21	recently	recently	ADV
epaa-229	388	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	388	23	so	so	CCONJ
epaa-229	388	24	the	the	DET
epaa-229	388	25	growing	grow	VERB
epaa-229	388	26	spread	spread	NOUN
epaa-229	388	27	between	between	ADP
epaa-229	388	28	the	the	DET
epaa-229	388	29	self	self	NOUN
epaa-229	388	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	388	31	reported	report	VERB
epaa-229	388	32	figures	figure	NOUN
epaa-229	388	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	388	34	the	the	DET
epaa-229	388	35	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	388	36	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	388	37	to-17	to-17	ADP
epaa-229	388	38	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	388	39	year	year	NOUN
epaa-229	388	40	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	388	41	old	old	ADJ
epaa-229	388	42	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	388	43	ratio	ratio	NOUN
epaa-229	388	44	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	388	45	the	the	DET
epaa-229	388	46	past	past	ADJ
epaa-229	388	47	few	few	ADJ
epaa-229	388	48	decades	decade	NOUN
epaa-229	388	49	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	388	50	not	not	PART
epaa-229	388	51	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-229	388	52	to	to	PART
epaa-229	388	53	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	388	54	a	a	DET
epaa-229	388	55	result	result	NOUN
epaa-229	388	56	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	388	57	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-229	388	58	exaggeration	exaggeration	NOUN
epaa-229	388	59	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	388	60	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	388	61	surveyed	survey	VERB
epaa-229	388	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	389	1	2	2	X
epaa-229	389	2	.	.	X
epaa-229	389	3	green	green	ADJ
epaa-229	389	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	389	5	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	389	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	389	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	389	8	seidman	seidman	PROPN
epaa-229	389	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	389	10	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	389	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	389	12	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	389	13	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-229	389	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	389	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	389	16	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-229	389	17	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-229	389	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	389	19	a	a	DET
epaa-229	389	20	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-229	389	21	advantage	advantage	NOUN
epaa-229	389	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	389	23	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	389	24	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	389	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	389	26	comparing	compare	VERB
epaa-229	389	27	having	have	VERB
epaa-229	389	28	a	a	DET
epaa-229	389	29	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	389	30	to	to	PART
epaa-229	389	31	not	not	PART
epaa-229	389	32	having	have	VERB
epaa-229	389	33	it	it	PRON
epaa-229	389	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	389	35	ignores	ignore	VERB
epaa-229	389	36	the	the	DET
epaa-229	389	37	way	way	NOUN
epaa-229	389	38	that	that	PRON
epaa-229	389	39	creeping	creep	VERB
epaa-229	389	40	attainment	attainment	NOUN
epaa-229	389	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	389	42	a	a	DET
epaa-229	389	43	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	389	44	make	make	VERB
epaa-229	389	45	the	the	DET
epaa-229	389	46	relevant	relevant	ADJ
epaa-229	389	47	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-229	389	48	the	the	DET
epaa-229	389	49	mean	mean	ADJ
epaa-229	389	50	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	389	51	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	389	52	the	the	DET
epaa-229	389	53	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	389	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	390	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-229	390	2	a	a	DET
epaa-229	390	3	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	390	4	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-229	390	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	390	6	a	a	DET
epaa-229	390	7	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	390	8	have	have	VERB
epaa-229	390	9	a	a	DET
epaa-229	390	10	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-229	390	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	390	12	the	the	DET
epaa-229	390	13	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-229	390	14	advantage	advantage	NOUN
epaa-229	390	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	390	16	having	have	VERB
epaa-229	390	17	a	a	DET
epaa-229	390	18	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	390	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	390	20	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-229	390	21	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	390	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	390	23	rest	rest	NOUN
epaa-229	390	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	390	25	one	one	PRON
epaa-229	390	26	's	's	PART
epaa-229	390	27	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	390	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	390	29	disappears	disappear	VERB
epaa-229	390	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	390	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	390	32	the	the	DET
epaa-229	390	33	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	390	34	visible	visible	ADJ
epaa-229	390	35	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-229	390	36	becomes	become	VERB
epaa-229	390	37	the	the	DET
epaa-229	390	38	penalty	penalty	NOUN
epaa-229	390	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	390	40	missing	miss	VERB
epaa-229	390	41	that	that	DET
epaa-229	390	42	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	390	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	390	44	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-229	390	45	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	390	46	the	the	DET
epaa-229	390	47	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-229	390	48	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	390	49	a	a	DET
epaa-229	390	50	whole	whole	NOUN
epaa-229	390	51	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	390	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	391	1	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-229	391	2	such	such	DET
epaa-229	391	3	a	a	DET
epaa-229	391	4	distinction	distinction	NOUN
epaa-229	391	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	391	6	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-229	391	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	391	8	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-229	391	9	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-229	391	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	391	11	an	an	DET
epaa-229	391	12	open	open	ADJ
epaa-229	391	13	question	question	NOUN
epaa-229	391	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	391	15	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-229	391	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	391	17	socially	socially	ADV
epaa-229	391	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	391	19	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-229	391	20	advantages	advantage	NOUN
epaa-229	391	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	391	22	penalties	penalty	NOUN
epaa-229	391	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	391	24	however	however	ADV
epaa-229	391	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	391	26	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	391	27	often	often	ADV
epaa-229	391	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	391	29	21	21	NUM
epaa-229	391	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	391	31	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	391	32	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-229	391	33	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	391	34	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-229	391	35	norms	norm	NOUN
epaa-229	391	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	392	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	392	2	that	that	DET
epaa-229	392	3	regard	regard	NOUN
epaa-229	392	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	392	5	green	green	ADJ
epaa-229	392	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	392	7	seidman	seidman	NOUN
epaa-229	392	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	392	9	substantially	substantially	ADV
epaa-229	392	10	correct	correct	ADJ
epaa-229	392	11	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	392	12	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	392	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	392	14	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	392	15	has	have	AUX
epaa-229	392	16	become	become	VERB
epaa-229	392	17	more	more	ADV
epaa-229	392	18	commonly	commonly	ADV
epaa-229	392	19	a	a	DET
epaa-229	392	20	stepping	stepping	ADJ
epaa-229	392	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	392	22	stone	stone	NOUN
epaa-229	392	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	392	24	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	392	25	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-229	392	26	1965	1965	NUM
epaa-229	392	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	392	28	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-229	392	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	392	30	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	392	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	392	32	wealthier	wealthy	ADJ
epaa-229	392	33	families	family	NOUN
epaa-229	392	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	392	35	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-229	392	36	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	392	37	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	392	38	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	392	39	now	now	ADV
epaa-229	392	40	universally	universally	ADV
epaa-229	392	41	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-229	392	42	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	392	43	a	a	DET
epaa-229	392	44	serious	serious	ADJ
epaa-229	392	45	impediment	impediment	NOUN
epaa-229	392	46	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	392	47	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-229	392	48	success	success	NOUN
epaa-229	392	49	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	392	50	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	392	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	393	1	references	reference	NOUN
epaa-229	393	2	angus	angus	VERB
epaa-229	393	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	393	4	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	393	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	393	6	1965	1965	NUM
epaa-229	393	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	393	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	394	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	394	2	dropout	dropout	PROPN
epaa-229	394	3	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	394	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	395	1	unpublished	unpublished	ADJ
epaa-229	395	2	ph.d	ph.d	PROPN
epaa-229	395	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	395	4	diss	diss	PROPN
epaa-229	395	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	395	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	395	7	ohio	ohio	PROPN
epaa-229	395	8	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	395	9	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	395	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	395	11	columbus	columbus	PROPN
epaa-229	395	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	395	13	oh	oh	INTJ
epaa-229	395	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	395	15	angus	angus	PROPN
epaa-229	395	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	395	17	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	395	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	395	19	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	395	20	mirel	mirel	PROPN
epaa-229	395	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	395	22	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	395	23	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	395	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	395	25	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	395	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	395	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	396	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	396	2	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-229	396	3	promise	promise	NOUN
epaa-229	396	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	396	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	396	6	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	396	7	high	high	PROPN
epaa-229	396	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	396	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	396	10	1890	1890	NUM
epaa-229	396	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	396	12	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-229	396	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	397	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	397	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	397	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	397	4	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-229	397	5	college	college	PROPN
epaa-229	397	6	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	397	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	398	1	angus	angus	PROPN
epaa-229	398	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	398	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	398	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	398	5	mirel	mirel	PROPN
epaa-229	398	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	398	7	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	398	8	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	398	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	398	10	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	398	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	398	12	vinovskis	vinovskis	PROPN
epaa-229	398	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	398	14	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	398	15	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-229	398	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	398	17	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-229	398	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	398	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	399	1	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-229	399	2	development	development	NOUN
epaa-229	399	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	399	4	age	age	NOUN
epaa-229	399	5	stratification	stratification	NOUN
epaa-229	399	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	399	7	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	399	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	400	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-229	400	2	college	college	PROPN
epaa-229	400	3	record	record	NOUN
epaa-229	400	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	400	5	90	90	NUM
epaa-229	400	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	400	7	211	211	NUM
epaa-229	400	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	400	9	236	236	NUM
epaa-229	400	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	401	1	ayres	ayres	PROPN
epaa-229	401	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	401	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	401	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	401	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	401	6	1909	1909	NUM
epaa-229	401	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	401	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	402	1	laggards	laggard	NOUN
epaa-229	402	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	402	3	our	our	PRON
epaa-229	402	4	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	402	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	403	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	403	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	403	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	403	4	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-229	403	5	associates	associates	PROPN
epaa-229	403	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	403	7	inc	inc	PROPN
epaa-229	403	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	403	9	becker	becker	PROPN
epaa-229	403	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	403	11	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	403	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	403	13	1964	1964	NUM
epaa-229	403	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	403	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	404	1	human	human	ADJ
epaa-229	404	2	capital	capital	NOUN
epaa-229	404	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	405	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	405	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	405	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	405	4	columbia	columbia	PROPN
epaa-229	405	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	405	6	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	405	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	406	1	berg	berg	PROPN
epaa-229	406	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	406	3	i.	i.	PROPN
epaa-229	406	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	406	5	1970	1970	NUM
epaa-229	406	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	406	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	407	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	407	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	407	3	jobs	job	NOUN
epaa-229	407	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	407	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	407	6	great	great	ADJ
epaa-229	407	7	training	training	NOUN
epaa-229	407	8	robbery	robbery	NOUN
epaa-229	407	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	408	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	408	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	408	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	408	4	praeger	praeger	NOUN
epaa-229	408	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	409	1	boesel	boesel	PROPN
epaa-229	409	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	409	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	409	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	409	5	alsalam	alsalam	VERB
epaa-229	409	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	409	7	n.	n.	NOUN
epaa-229	409	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	409	9	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	409	10	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-229	409	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	409	12	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-229	409	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	409	14	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	409	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	409	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	410	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	410	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	410	3	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	410	4	market	market	NOUN
epaa-229	410	5	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-229	410	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	410	7	ged	ge	VERB
epaa-229	410	8	recipients	recipient	NOUN
epaa-229	410	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	411	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-229	411	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	411	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-229	411	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	411	5	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	411	6	library	library	NOUN
epaa-229	411	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	411	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	411	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	412	1	boylan	boylan	PROPN
epaa-229	412	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	412	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	412	4	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	412	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	412	6	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	412	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	412	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	413	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	413	2	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-229	413	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	413	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	413	5	number	number	NOUN
epaa-229	413	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	413	7	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	413	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	413	9	their	their	PRON
epaa-229	413	10	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	413	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	414	1	sociology	sociology	NOUN
epaa-229	414	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	414	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	414	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	414	5	66	66	NUM
epaa-229	414	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	414	7	206	206	NUM
epaa-229	414	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	414	9	221	221	NUM
epaa-229	414	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	415	1	cameron	cameron	PROPN
epaa-229	415	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	415	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	415	4	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-229	415	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	415	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	415	7	heckman	heckman	PROPN
epaa-229	415	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	415	9	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	415	10	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	415	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	415	12	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	415	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	415	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	416	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	416	2	nonequivalence	nonequivalence	NOUN
epaa-229	416	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	416	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	416	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	416	6	equivalents	equivalent	NOUN
epaa-229	416	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	417	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-229	417	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	417	3	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	417	4	economics	economic	NOUN
epaa-229	417	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	417	6	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	417	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	417	8	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	417	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	417	10	47	47	NUM
epaa-229	417	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	418	1	cervantes	cervante	NOUN
epaa-229	418	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	418	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	418	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	418	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	418	6	1965	1965	NUM
epaa-229	418	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	418	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	419	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	419	2	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	419	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	419	4	ann	ann	PROPN
epaa-229	419	5	arbor	arbor	PROPN
epaa-229	419	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	419	7	mi	mi	PROPN
epaa-229	419	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	419	9	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	419	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	419	11	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-229	419	12	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	419	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	420	1	chandler	chandler	PROPN
epaa-229	420	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	420	3	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	420	4	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	420	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	420	6	1977	1977	NUM
epaa-229	420	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	420	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	421	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	421	2	visible	visible	ADJ
epaa-229	421	3	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-229	421	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	422	1	cambridege	cambridege	PROPN
epaa-229	422	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	422	3	ma	ma	PROPN
epaa-229	422	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	422	5	belknap	belknap	PROPN
epaa-229	422	6	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	422	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	423	1	chudacoff	chudacoff	PROPN
epaa-229	423	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	423	3	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-229	423	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	423	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	423	6	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-229	423	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	423	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	424	1	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	424	2	old	old	ADJ
epaa-229	424	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	424	4	you	you	PRON
epaa-229	424	5	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	425	1	princeton	princeton	PROPN
epaa-229	425	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	425	3	nj	nj	PROPN
epaa-229	425	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	425	5	princeton	princeton	PROPN
epaa-229	425	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	425	7	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	425	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	426	1	clark	clark	PROPN
epaa-229	426	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	426	3	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-229	426	4	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	426	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	426	6	1960	1960	NUM
epaa-229	426	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	426	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	427	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	427	2	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	427	3	cooling	cool	VERB
epaa-229	427	4	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	427	5	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	427	6	function	function	NOUN
epaa-229	427	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	427	8	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-229	427	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	427	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	428	1	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	428	2	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-229	428	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	428	4	sociology	sociology	NOUN
epaa-229	428	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	428	6	65	65	NUM
epaa-229	428	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	428	8	569	569	NUM
epaa-229	428	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	428	10	76	76	NUM
epaa-229	428	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	429	1	clinton	clinton	PROPN
epaa-229	429	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	429	3	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-229	429	4	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	429	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	429	6	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	429	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	429	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	430	1	state	state	NOUN
epaa-229	430	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	430	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	430	4	union	union	NOUN
epaa-229	430	5	address	address	NOUN
epaa-229	430	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	431	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-229	431	2	october	october	PROPN
epaa-229	431	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-229	431	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	431	5	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	431	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	431	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	431	8	http://clinton3.nara.gov/wh/s	http://clinton3.nara.gov/wh/s	PROPN
epaa-229	431	9	otu99/	otu99/	NUM
epaa-229	431	10	cremin	cremin	NOUN
epaa-229	431	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	431	12	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	431	13	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	431	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	431	15	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-229	431	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	431	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	432	1	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-229	432	2	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	432	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	432	4	its	its	PRON
epaa-229	432	5	discontents	discontent	NOUN
epaa-229	432	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	433	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	433	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	433	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	433	4	harper	harper	PROPN
epaa-229	433	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	433	6	row	row	PROPN
epaa-229	433	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	434	1	cohen	cohen	PROPN
epaa-229	434	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	434	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	434	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	434	5	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-229	434	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	434	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	435	1	workshop	workshop	NOUN
epaa-229	435	2	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	435	3	office	office	NOUN
epaa-229	435	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	436	1	ithaca	ithaca	PROPN
epaa-229	436	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	436	3	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-229	436	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	436	5	cornell	cornell	PROPN
epaa-229	436	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	436	7	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	436	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	437	1	cuban	cuban	ADJ
epaa-229	437	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	437	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	437	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	437	5	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-229	437	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	437	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	438	1	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	438	2	some	some	DET
epaa-229	438	3	reforms	reform	NOUN
epaa-229	438	4	last	last	ADJ
epaa-229	438	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	439	1	american	american	PROPN
epaa-229	439	2	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-229	439	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	439	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	439	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	439	6	100	100	NUM
epaa-229	439	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	439	8	166	166	NUM
epaa-229	439	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	439	10	194	194	NUM
epaa-229	439	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	440	1	davies	davy	NOUN
epaa-229	440	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	440	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	440	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	440	5	1982	1982	NUM
epaa-229	440	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	440	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	441	1	woman	woman	NOUN
epaa-229	441	2	's	's	PART
epaa-229	441	3	place	place	NOUN
epaa-229	441	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	441	5	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	441	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	441	7	typewriter	typewriter	NOUN
epaa-229	441	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	442	1	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
epaa-229	442	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	442	3	temple	temple	PROPN
epaa-229	442	4	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	442	5	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	442	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	443	1	debra	debra	PROPN
epaa-229	443	2	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	443	3	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-229	443	4	turlington	turlington	PROPN
epaa-229	443	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	443	6	644	644	NUM
epaa-229	443	7	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	443	8	2d	2d	PROPN
epaa-229	443	9	397	397	NUM
epaa-229	443	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	443	11	5th	5th	ADJ
epaa-229	443	12	cir	cir	NOUN
epaa-229	443	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	443	14	1981	1981	NUM
epaa-229	443	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	443	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	443	17	564	564	NUM
epaa-229	443	18	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	443	19	supp	supp	PROPN
epaa-229	443	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	444	1	177	177	NUM
epaa-229	444	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	444	3	m.d	m.d	PROPN
epaa-229	444	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	444	5	fla	fla	PROPN
epaa-229	444	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	444	7	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-229	444	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	444	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	445	1	22	22	NUM
epaa-229	445	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	445	3	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	445	4	demott	demott	PROPN
epaa-229	445	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	445	6	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-229	445	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	445	8	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-229	445	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	445	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	446	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	446	2	imperial	imperial	ADJ
epaa-229	446	3	middle	middle	NOUN
epaa-229	446	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	446	5	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	446	6	american	american	PROPN
epaa-229	446	7	's	's	PART
epaa-229	446	8	ca	can	AUX
epaa-229	446	9	n't	not	PART
epaa-229	446	10	think	think	VERB
epaa-229	446	11	straight	straight	ADV
epaa-229	446	12	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	446	13	class	class	NOUN
epaa-229	446	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	447	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	447	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	447	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	447	4	morrow	morrow	PROPN
epaa-229	447	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	448	1	desanctis	desanctis	PROPN
epaa-229	448	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	448	3	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-229	448	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	448	5	1979	1979	NUM
epaa-229	448	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	448	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	449	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	449	2	adult	adult	PROPN
epaa-229	449	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	449	4	act	act	NOUN
epaa-229	449	5	1964	1964	NUM
epaa-229	449	6	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	449	7	1979	1979	NUM
epaa-229	449	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	450	1	upper	upper	PROPN
epaa-229	450	2	montclair	montclair	PROPN
epaa-229	450	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	450	4	nj	nj	PROPN
epaa-229	450	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	450	6	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	450	7	adult	adult	NOUN
epaa-229	450	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	450	9	clearinghouse	clearinghouse	NOUN
epaa-229	450	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	451	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	451	2	eric	eric	PROPN
epaa-229	451	3	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
epaa-229	451	4	document	document	NOUN
epaa-229	451	5	no	no	INTJ
epaa-229	451	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	452	1	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-229	452	2	218	218	NUM
epaa-229	452	3	517	517	NUM
epaa-229	452	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	452	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	453	1	dore	dore	PROPN
epaa-229	453	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	453	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	453	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	453	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	453	6	1976	1976	NUM
epaa-229	453	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	453	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	454	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	454	2	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-229	454	3	disease	disease	NOUN
epaa-229	454	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	454	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	454	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	454	7	qualification	qualification	NOUN
epaa-229	454	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	454	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	454	10	development	development	NOUN
epaa-229	454	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	455	1	berkeley	berkeley	PROPN
epaa-229	455	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	455	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	455	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	455	5	california	california	PROPN
epaa-229	455	6	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	455	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	456	1	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	456	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	456	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	456	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	456	5	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	456	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	456	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	457	1	creating	create	VERB
epaa-229	457	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	457	3	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	457	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	457	5	an	an	DET
epaa-229	457	6	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-229	457	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	457	8	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	457	9	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	457	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	457	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	457	12	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-229	457	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	458	1	westport	westport	NOUN
epaa-229	458	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	458	3	ct	ct	PROPN
epaa-229	458	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	458	5	praeger	praeger	NOUN
epaa-229	458	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	459	1	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	459	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	459	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	459	4	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	459	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	460	1	origins	origin	NOUN
epaa-229	460	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	460	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	460	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	460	5	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	460	6	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	460	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	460	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	461	1	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	461	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	461	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	461	4	quarterly	quarterly	ADV
epaa-229	461	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	461	6	33	33	NUM
epaa-229	461	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	461	8	353	353	NUM
epaa-229	461	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	461	10	373	373	NUM
epaa-229	461	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	462	1	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	462	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	462	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	462	4	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	462	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	463	1	creating	create	VERB
epaa-229	463	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	463	3	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	463	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	463	5	an	an	DET
epaa-229	463	6	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-229	463	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	463	8	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	463	9	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	463	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	463	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	463	12	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-229	463	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	464	1	westport	westport	NOUN
epaa-229	464	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	464	3	ct	ct	PROPN
epaa-229	464	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	464	5	praeger	praeger	NOUN
epaa-229	464	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	465	1	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	465	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	465	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	465	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	465	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	465	6	johanningmeier	johanningmeier	PROPN
epaa-229	465	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	465	8	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	465	9	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-229	465	10	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	465	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	466	1	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	466	2	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	466	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	466	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	466	5	military	military	ADJ
epaa-229	466	6	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN
epaa-229	466	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	466	8	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	466	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	467	1	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	467	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	467	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	467	4	quarterly	quarterly	ADV
epaa-229	467	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	467	6	39	39	NUM
epaa-229	467	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	467	8	193	193	NUM
epaa-229	467	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	467	10	198	198	NUM
epaa-229	467	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	468	1	dynarski	dynarski	PROPN
epaa-229	468	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	468	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	468	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	468	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	468	6	gleason	gleason	PROPN
epaa-229	468	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	468	8	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	468	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	468	10	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-229	468	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	468	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	469	1	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	469	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-229	469	3	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	469	4	help	help	VERB
epaa-229	469	5	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	470	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	470	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-229	470	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	470	4	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-229	470	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	470	6	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-229	470	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	470	8	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-229	470	9	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	470	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	470	11	prevention	prevention	NOUN
epaa-229	470	12	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-229	470	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	471	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	471	2	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	471	3	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
epaa-229	471	4	assistance	assistance	NOUN
epaa-229	471	5	program	program	NOUN
epaa-229	471	6	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-229	471	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-229	471	8	report	report	NOUN
epaa-229	471	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	1	princeton	princeton	PROPN
epaa-229	472	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	3	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	472	4	jersey	jersey	PROPN
epaa-229	472	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	6	mathematica	mathematica	PROPN
epaa-229	472	7	policy	policy	PROPN
epaa-229	472	8	research	research	PROPN
epaa-229	472	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	10	inc	inc	PROPN
epaa-229	472	11	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	472	12	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-229	472	13	june	june	PROPN
epaa-229	472	14	23	23	NUM
epaa-229	472	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	16	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	472	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	472	19	http://www.dropoutprevention.org/2levelpages/downloads/dodsyn.pdf	http://www.dropoutprevention.org/2levelpages/downloads/dodsyn.pdf	NOUN
epaa-229	472	20	ekstrom	ekstrom	NOUN
epaa-229	472	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	22	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	472	23	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-229	472	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	25	goertz	goertz	PROPN
epaa-229	472	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	27	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-229	472	28	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	472	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	30	pollack	pollack	PROPN
epaa-229	472	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	32	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	472	33	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-229	472	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	35	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	472	36	rock	rock	PROPN
epaa-229	472	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	38	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	472	39	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	472	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	41	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-229	472	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	472	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	473	1	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	473	2	drops	drop	VERB
epaa-229	473	3	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	473	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	473	5	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	473	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	473	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	473	8	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	473	9	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	474	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-229	474	2	college	college	PROPN
epaa-229	474	3	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	474	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	474	5	87	87	NUM
epaa-229	474	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	474	7	357	357	NUM
epaa-229	474	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	474	9	373	373	NUM
epaa-229	474	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	475	1	featherman	featherman	PROPN
epaa-229	475	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	475	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	475	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	475	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	475	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	475	7	hauser	hauser	PROPN
epaa-229	475	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	475	9	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	475	10	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-229	475	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	475	12	1976	1976	NUM
epaa-229	475	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	475	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	476	1	equality	equality	NOUN
epaa-229	476	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	476	3	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	476	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	477	1	sociology	sociology	NOUN
epaa-229	477	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	477	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	477	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	477	5	49	49	NUM
epaa-229	477	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	477	7	99	99	NUM
epaa-229	477	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	477	9	120	120	NUM
epaa-229	477	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	478	1	fine	fine	ADJ
epaa-229	478	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	478	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	478	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	478	5	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-229	478	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	478	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	479	1	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	479	2	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-229	479	3	adolescents	adolescent	NOUN
epaa-229	479	4	drop	drop	VERB
epaa-229	479	5	into	into	ADP
epaa-229	479	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	479	7	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	479	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	479	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	479	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	479	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	480	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-229	480	2	college	college	PROPN
epaa-229	480	3	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	480	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	480	5	87	87	NUM
epaa-229	480	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	480	7	393	393	NUM
epaa-229	480	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	480	9	408	408	NUM
epaa-229	480	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	481	1	fine	fine	ADJ
epaa-229	481	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	481	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	481	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	481	5	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-229	481	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	481	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	482	1	framing	frame	VERB
epaa-229	482	2	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	482	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	483	1	albany	albany	PROPN
epaa-229	483	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	483	3	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-229	483	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	483	5	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	483	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	483	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	483	8	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	483	9	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	483	10	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	483	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	484	1	freeman	freeman	PROPN
epaa-229	484	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	484	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	484	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	484	5	1976	1976	NUM
epaa-229	484	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	484	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	485	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	485	2	overeducated	overeducated	ADJ
epaa-229	485	3	american	american	PROPN
epaa-229	485	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	486	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	486	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	486	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	486	4	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-229	486	5	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	486	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	487	1	gi	gi	INTJ
epaa-229	487	2	forum	forum	PROPN
epaa-229	487	3	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-229	487	4	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-229	487	5	education	education	PROPN
epaa-229	487	6	agency	agency	NOUN
epaa-229	487	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	487	8	87	87	NUM
epaa-229	487	9	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	487	10	supp	supp	PROPN
epaa-229	487	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	488	1	2d	2d	NUM
epaa-229	488	2	667	667	NUM
epaa-229	488	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	488	4	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	488	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	488	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	489	1	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-229	489	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	489	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	489	4	v	v	PROPN
epaa-229	489	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	489	6	edholm	edholm	PROPN
epaa-229	489	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	489	8	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	489	9	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	489	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	489	11	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-229	489	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	489	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	490	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	490	2	aims	aims	ADJ
epaa-229	490	3	test	test	NOUN
epaa-229	490	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	490	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	490	6	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-229	490	7	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-229	490	8	used	use	VERB
epaa-229	490	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	490	10	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-229	490	11	employees	employee	NOUN
epaa-229	490	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	491	1	epsl-0209	epsl-0209	VERB
epaa-229	491	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	491	3	119	119	NUM
epaa-229	491	4	epru	epru	NOUN
epaa-229	491	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	492	1	tempe	tempe	NOUN
epaa-229	492	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	492	3	az	az	PROPN
epaa-229	492	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	492	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	492	6	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	492	7	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-229	492	8	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
epaa-229	492	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	492	10	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-229	492	11	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	492	12	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	492	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	492	14	available	available	ADJ
epaa-229	492	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	492	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	492	17	line	line	NOUN
epaa-229	492	18	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	492	19	http://www.asu.edu/educ/epsl/epru/documents/epsl-0210-122-epru.html	http://www.asu.edu/educ/epsl/epru/documents/epsl-0210-122-epru.html	PROPN
epaa-229	492	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	493	1	goldin	goldin	PROPN
epaa-229	493	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	493	3	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	493	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	493	5	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	493	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	493	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	494	1	a	a	DET
epaa-229	494	2	brief	brief	ADJ
epaa-229	494	3	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	494	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	494	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	494	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	494	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	494	8	united	united	PROPN
epaa-229	494	9	states	states	PROPN
epaa-229	494	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	495	1	nber	nber	PROPN
epaa-229	495	2	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-229	495	3	paper	paper	PROPN
epaa-229	495	4	h0119	h0119	PROPN
epaa-229	495	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	496	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
epaa-229	496	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	496	3	ma	ma	PROPN
epaa-229	496	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	496	5	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	496	6	bureau	bureau	PROPN
epaa-229	496	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	496	8	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-229	496	9	research	research	NOUN
epaa-229	496	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	496	11	available	available	ADJ
epaa-229	496	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	496	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	496	14	line	line	NOUN
epaa-229	496	15	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	496	16	http://papers.nber.org/	http://papers.nber.org/	NOUN
epaa-229	496	17	goldin	goldin	PROPN
epaa-229	496	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	496	19	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	496	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	496	21	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-229	496	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	496	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	497	1	america	america	PROPN
epaa-229	497	2	's	's	PART
epaa-229	497	3	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	497	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	497	5	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	497	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	497	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	497	8	the	the	DET
epaa-229	497	9	evolution	evolution	NOUN
epaa-229	497	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	497	11	spread	spread	VERB
epaa-229	497	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	497	13	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-229	497	14	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	497	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	497	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	497	17	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ
epaa-229	497	18	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	497	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	498	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-229	498	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	498	3	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-229	498	4	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	498	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	498	6	58	58	NUM
epaa-229	498	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	498	8	345	345	NUM
epaa-229	498	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	498	10	374	374	NUM
epaa-229	498	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	498	12	23	23	NUM
epaa-229	498	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	498	14	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	498	15	goldstein	goldstein	NOUN
epaa-229	498	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	498	17	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-229	498	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	498	19	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-229	498	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	498	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	499	1	value	value	NOUN
epaa-229	499	2	added	add	VERB
epaa-229	499	3	tables	table	NOUN
epaa-229	499	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	499	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	499	6	less	less	ADJ
epaa-229	499	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	499	8	than	than	ADP
epaa-229	499	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	499	10	holy	holy	ADJ
epaa-229	499	11	grail	grail	NOUN
epaa-229	499	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	500	1	managing	manage	VERB
epaa-229	500	2	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	500	3	today	today	NOUN
epaa-229	500	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	500	5	6(6	6(6	NOUN
epaa-229	500	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	500	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	500	8	18	18	NUM
epaa-229	500	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	500	10	19	19	NUM
epaa-229	500	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	500	12	graebner	graebner	PROPN
epaa-229	500	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	500	14	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-229	500	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	500	16	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	500	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	500	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	501	1	a	a	DET
epaa-229	501	2	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	501	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	501	4	retirement	retirement	NOUN
epaa-229	501	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	502	1	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	502	2	haven	haven	PROPN
epaa-229	502	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	502	4	ct	ct	PROPN
epaa-229	502	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	502	6	yale	yale	PROPN
epaa-229	502	7	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	502	8	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	502	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	503	1	green	green	ADJ
epaa-229	503	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	503	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-229	503	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	503	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	503	6	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	503	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	503	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	504	1	predicting	predict	VERB
epaa-229	504	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	504	3	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-229	504	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	504	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	504	6	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	504	7	system	system	NOUN
epaa-229	504	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	505	1	syracuse	syracuse	PROPN
epaa-229	505	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	505	3	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-229	505	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	505	5	syracuse	syracuse	PROPN
epaa-229	505	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	505	7	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	505	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	506	1	greenberger	greenberger	PROPN
epaa-229	506	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	506	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	506	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	506	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	506	6	steinberg	steinberg	PROPN
epaa-229	506	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	506	8	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	506	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	506	10	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-229	506	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	506	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	507	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-229	507	2	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
epaa-229	507	3	work	work	VERB
epaa-229	507	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	508	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	508	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	508	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	508	4	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-229	508	5	books	book	NOUN
epaa-229	508	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	509	1	grissmer	grissmer	NOUN
epaa-229	509	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	509	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	509	4	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-229	509	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	509	6	flanagan	flanagan	PROPN
epaa-229	509	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	509	8	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-229	509	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	509	10	kawata	kawata	PROPN
epaa-229	509	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	509	12	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	509	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	509	14	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	509	15	williamson	williamson	PROPN
epaa-229	509	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	509	17	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	509	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	509	19	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	509	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	509	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	510	1	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-229	510	2	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	510	3	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-229	510	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	510	5	what	what	DET
epaa-229	510	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-229	510	7	naep	naep	ADJ
epaa-229	510	8	test	test	NOUN
epaa-229	510	9	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-229	510	10	tell	tell	VERB
epaa-229	510	11	us	we	PRON
epaa-229	510	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	511	1	santa	santa	PROPN
epaa-229	511	2	monica	monica	PROPN
epaa-229	511	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	511	4	ca	can	AUX
epaa-229	511	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	511	6	rand	rand	NOUN
epaa-229	511	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	511	8	report	report	VERB
epaa-229	511	9	mr-924edu	mr-924edu	PROPN
epaa-229	511	10	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	512	1	guy	guy	PROPN
epaa-229	512	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	512	3	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-229	512	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	512	5	shin	shin	PROPN
epaa-229	512	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	512	7	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-229	512	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	512	9	lee	lee	PROPN
epaa-229	512	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	512	11	s.-y	s.-y	NOUN
epaa-229	512	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	512	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	512	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	512	15	thurlow	thurlow	NOUN
epaa-229	512	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	512	17	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	512	18	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	512	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	512	20	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	512	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	512	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	513	1	state	state	NOUN
epaa-229	513	2	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-229	513	3	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	513	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	513	5	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	513	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	513	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	513	8	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	513	9	disabilities	disability	NOUN
epaa-229	513	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	514	1	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-229	514	2	report	report	PROPN
epaa-229	514	3	24	24	NUM
epaa-229	514	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	514	5	minneapolis	minneapolis	PROPN
epaa-229	514	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	514	7	mn	mn	PROPN
epaa-229	514	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	514	9	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	514	10	center	center	NOUN
epaa-229	514	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	514	12	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	514	13	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-229	514	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	515	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-229	515	2	june	june	PROPN
epaa-229	515	3	22	22	NUM
epaa-229	515	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	515	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	515	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	515	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	515	8	http://education.umn.edu/nceo/onlinepubs/technical24.html	http://education.umn.edu/nceo/onlinepubs/technical24.html	PROPN
epaa-229	515	9	haber	haber	PROPN
epaa-229	515	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	515	11	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	515	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	515	13	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-229	515	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	515	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	516	1	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-229	516	2	sixty	sixty	NUM
epaa-229	516	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	516	4	five	five	NUM
epaa-229	516	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	517	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	517	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	517	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	517	4	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
epaa-229	517	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	517	6	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	517	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	518	1	hamilton	hamilton	PROPN
epaa-229	518	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	518	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	518	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	518	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	518	6	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	518	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	518	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	519	1	raising	raise	VERB
epaa-229	519	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-229	519	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	519	4	reducing	reduce	VERB
epaa-229	519	5	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	519	6	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	519	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	520	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	520	2	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	520	3	natriello	natriello	PROPN
epaa-229	520	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	520	5	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-229	520	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	520	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	520	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	520	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	520	10	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	520	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	521	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	521	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	521	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	521	4	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-229	521	5	college	college	PROPN
epaa-229	521	6	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	521	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	522	1	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-229	522	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	522	3	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-229	522	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	522	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	522	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	522	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	523	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	523	2	myth	myth	NOUN
epaa-229	523	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	523	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	523	5	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-229	523	6	miracle	miracle	NOUN
epaa-229	523	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	523	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	523	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	524	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	524	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	524	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	524	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-229	524	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	524	6	8(41	8(41	NUM
epaa-229	524	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	524	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	525	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-229	525	2	october	october	PROPN
epaa-229	525	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-229	525	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	525	5	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	525	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	525	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	525	8	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n41/	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n41/	NOUN
epaa-229	525	9	herbst	herbst	PROPN
epaa-229	525	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	525	11	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	525	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	525	13	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	525	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	525	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	526	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	526	2	once	once	ADV
epaa-229	526	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	526	4	future	future	ADJ
epaa-229	526	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	526	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	527	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	527	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	527	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	528	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
epaa-229	528	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	528	3	jaynes	jaynes	PROPN
epaa-229	528	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	528	5	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	528	6	d	d	PROPN
epaa-229	528	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	528	8	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	528	9	williams	williams	PROPN
epaa-229	528	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	528	11	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	528	12	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-229	528	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	528	14	jr	jr	PROPN
epaa-229	528	15	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	528	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	528	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	528	18	eds	ed	NOUN
epaa-229	528	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	528	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	529	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	529	2	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-229	529	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	529	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	530	1	a	a	DET
epaa-229	530	2	common	common	ADJ
epaa-229	530	3	destiny	destiny	NOUN
epaa-229	530	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	531	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-229	531	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	531	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-229	531	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	531	5	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	531	6	academy	academy	PROPN
epaa-229	531	7	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	531	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	532	1	kaestle	kaestle	PROPN
epaa-229	532	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	532	3	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	532	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	532	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	532	6	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-229	532	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	532	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	533	1	pillars	pillar	NOUN
epaa-229	533	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	533	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	533	4	republic	republic	NOUN
epaa-229	533	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	534	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	534	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	534	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	534	4	hill	hill	PROPN
epaa-229	534	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	534	6	wang	wang	PROPN
epaa-229	534	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	535	1	kaestle	kaestle	PROPN
epaa-229	535	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	535	3	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	535	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	535	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	535	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	535	7	vinovskis	vinovskis	PROPN
epaa-229	535	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	535	9	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	535	10	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-229	535	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	535	12	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	535	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	535	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	536	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	536	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	536	3	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	536	4	change	change	NOUN
epaa-229	536	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	536	6	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ
epaa-229	536	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	536	8	century	century	NOUN
epaa-229	536	9	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
epaa-229	536	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	537	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	537	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	537	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	537	4	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
epaa-229	537	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	537	6	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	537	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	538	1	kantor	kantor	PROPN
epaa-229	538	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	538	3	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-229	538	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	538	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	538	6	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-229	538	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	538	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	539	1	vocationalism	vocationalism	NOUN
epaa-229	539	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	539	3	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	539	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	539	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	540	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	540	2	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-229	540	3	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	540	4	kantor	kantor	PROPN
epaa-229	540	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	540	6	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	540	7	tyack	tyack	PROPN
epaa-229	540	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	540	9	eds	ed	NOUN
epaa-229	540	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	540	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	540	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	540	13	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	540	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	540	15	youth	youth	NOUN
epaa-229	540	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	540	17	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	540	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	541	1	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-229	541	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	541	3	ca	ca	PROPN
epaa-229	541	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	541	5	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-229	541	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	541	7	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	541	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	542	1	katz	katz	PROPN
epaa-229	542	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	542	3	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-229	542	4	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-229	542	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	542	6	doucet	doucet	PROPN
epaa-229	542	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	542	8	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	542	9	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	542	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	542	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	542	12	stern	stern	PROPN
epaa-229	542	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	542	14	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	542	15	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	542	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	542	17	1982	1982	NUM
epaa-229	542	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	542	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	543	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	543	2	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	543	3	organization	organization	NOUN
epaa-229	543	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	543	5	early	early	ADJ
epaa-229	543	6	industrial	industrial	ADJ
epaa-229	543	7	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
epaa-229	543	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	544	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
epaa-229	544	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	544	3	ma	ma	PROPN
epaa-229	544	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	544	5	harvard	harvard	PROPN
epaa-229	544	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	544	7	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	544	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	545	1	katznelson	katznelson	PROPN
epaa-229	545	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	545	3	i.	i.	PROPN
epaa-229	545	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	545	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	545	6	weir	weir	PROPN
epaa-229	545	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	545	8	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	545	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	545	10	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	545	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	545	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	546	1	schooling	school	VERB
epaa-229	546	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	546	3	all	all	PRON
epaa-229	546	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	547	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	547	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	547	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	547	4	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-229	547	5	books	book	NOUN
epaa-229	547	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	548	1	kaufman	kaufman	PROPN
epaa-229	548	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	548	3	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	548	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	548	5	alt	alt	ADJ
epaa-229	548	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	548	7	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	548	8	n.	n.	PROPN
epaa-229	548	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	548	10	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	548	11	chapman	chapman	PROPN
epaa-229	548	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	548	13	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	548	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	548	15	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	548	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	548	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	549	1	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	549	2	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	549	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	549	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	549	5	united	united	PROPN
epaa-229	549	6	states	states	PROPN
epaa-229	549	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	549	8	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	549	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	550	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-229	550	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	550	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-229	550	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	550	5	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	550	6	center	center	NOUN
epaa-229	550	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	550	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	550	9	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	550	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	551	1	kaufman	kaufman	PROPN
epaa-229	551	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	551	3	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	551	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	551	5	kwon	kwon	PROPN
epaa-229	551	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	551	7	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	551	8	y.	y.	PROPN
epaa-229	551	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	551	10	klein	klein	PROPN
epaa-229	551	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	551	12	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	551	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	551	14	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	551	15	chapman	chapman	PROPN
epaa-229	551	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	551	17	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	551	18	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	551	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	551	20	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	551	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	551	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	552	1	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	552	2	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	552	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	552	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	552	5	united	united	PROPN
epaa-229	552	6	states	states	PROPN
epaa-229	552	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	552	8	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	552	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	553	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-229	553	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	553	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-229	553	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	553	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	553	6	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	553	7	center	center	NOUN
epaa-229	553	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	553	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	553	10	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	553	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	554	1	kett	kett	PROPN
epaa-229	554	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	554	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	554	4	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-229	554	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	554	6	1977	1977	NUM
epaa-229	554	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	554	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	555	1	rites	rite	NOUN
epaa-229	555	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	555	3	passage	passage	NOUN
epaa-229	555	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	556	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	556	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	556	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	556	4	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-229	556	5	books	book	NOUN
epaa-229	556	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	557	1	24	24	NUM
epaa-229	557	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	557	3	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	557	4	kett	kett	PROPN
epaa-229	557	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	557	6	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	557	7	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-229	557	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	557	9	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-229	557	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	557	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	558	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	558	2	pursuit	pursuit	NOUN
epaa-229	558	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	558	4	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-229	558	5	under	under	ADP
epaa-229	558	6	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-229	558	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	558	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	558	9	self	self	NOUN
epaa-229	558	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	558	11	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-229	558	12	to	to	PART
epaa-229	558	13	adult	adult	VERB
epaa-229	558	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	558	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	558	16	america	america	PROPN
epaa-229	558	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	558	18	1750	1750	NUM
epaa-229	558	19	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	558	20	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-229	558	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	559	1	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-229	559	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	559	3	ca	ca	PROPN
epaa-229	559	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	559	5	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-229	559	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	559	7	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	559	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	560	1	kett	kett	PROPN
epaa-229	560	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	560	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	560	4	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-229	560	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	560	6	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-229	560	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	560	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	561	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	561	2	leaving	leaving	NOUN
epaa-229	561	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	562	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	562	2	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	562	3	ravitch	ravitch	PROPN
epaa-229	562	4	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	562	5	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-229	562	6	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	562	7	vinovskis	vinovskis	PROPN
epaa-229	562	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	562	9	eds	ed	NOUN
epaa-229	562	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	562	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	562	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	562	13	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-229	562	14	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	562	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	562	16	past	past	NOUN
epaa-229	562	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	563	1	baltimore	baltimore	PROPN
epaa-229	563	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	563	3	johns	johns	PROPN
epaa-229	563	4	hopkins	hopkins	PROPN
epaa-229	563	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	563	6	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	563	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	564	1	klein	klein	PROPN
epaa-229	564	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	564	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	564	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	564	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	564	6	hamilton	hamilton	PROPN
epaa-229	564	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	564	8	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	564	9	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	564	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	564	11	mccaffrey	mccaffrey	PROPN
epaa-229	564	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	564	13	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	564	14	f	f	PROPN
epaa-229	564	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	564	16	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	564	17	stecher	stecher	PROPN
epaa-229	564	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	564	19	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-229	564	20	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-229	564	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	564	22	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	564	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	564	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	565	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-229	565	2	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	565	3	test	test	NOUN
epaa-229	565	4	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-229	565	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	565	6	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-229	565	7	tell	tell	VERB
epaa-229	565	8	us	we	PRON
epaa-229	565	9	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	566	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	566	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	566	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	566	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-229	566	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	566	6	9	9	NUM
epaa-229	566	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	566	8	49	49	NUM
epaa-229	566	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	566	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	567	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-229	567	2	october	october	PROPN
epaa-229	567	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-229	567	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	567	5	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	567	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	567	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	567	8	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n49/.	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n49/.	PROPN
epaa-229	567	9	kominski	kominski	PROPN
epaa-229	567	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	567	11	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	567	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	567	13	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	567	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	567	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	568	1	estimating	estimate	VERB
epaa-229	568	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	568	3	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	568	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	568	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	568	6	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	568	7	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	568	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	569	1	demography	demography	NOUN
epaa-229	569	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	569	3	27	27	NUM
epaa-229	569	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	569	5	303	303	NUM
epaa-229	569	6	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	569	7	312	312	NUM
epaa-229	569	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	570	1	kossan	kossan	NOUN
epaa-229	570	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	570	3	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-229	570	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	570	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	570	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	570	7	november	november	PROPN
epaa-229	570	8	22	22	NUM
epaa-229	570	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	570	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	571	1	keegan	keegan	PROPN
epaa-229	571	2	backs	back	VERB
epaa-229	571	3	off	off	ADP
epaa-229	571	4	aims	aim	NOUN
epaa-229	571	5	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-229	571	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	572	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-229	572	2	republic	republic	PROPN
epaa-229	572	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	572	4	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-229	572	5	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	572	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	573	1	kreitzer	kreitzer	PROPN
epaa-229	573	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	573	3	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	573	4	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	573	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	573	6	madaus	madaus	PROPN
epaa-229	573	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	573	8	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	573	9	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	573	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	573	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	573	12	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-229	573	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	573	14	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-229	573	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	573	16	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-229	573	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	573	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	574	1	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-229	574	2	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	574	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	574	4	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	574	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	575	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	575	2	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	575	3	weis	weis	PROPN
epaa-229	575	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	575	5	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	575	6	farrar	farrar	PROPN
epaa-229	575	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	575	8	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	575	9	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-229	575	10	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	575	11	petrie	petrie	PROPN
epaa-229	575	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	575	13	eds	ed	NOUN
epaa-229	575	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	575	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	575	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	575	17	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	575	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	575	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	575	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	576	1	albany	albany	PROPN
epaa-229	576	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	576	3	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-229	576	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	576	5	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	576	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	576	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	576	8	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	576	9	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	576	10	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	576	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	577	1	krug	krug	PROPN
epaa-229	577	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	577	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	577	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	577	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	577	6	1964	1964	NUM
epaa-229	577	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	577	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	578	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	578	2	shaping	shaping	NOUN
epaa-229	578	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	578	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	578	5	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	578	6	high	high	PROPN
epaa-229	578	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	578	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	578	9	2	2	NUM
epaa-229	578	10	vols	vol	NOUN
epaa-229	578	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	578	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	578	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	579	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	579	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	579	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	579	4	harper	harper	PROPN
epaa-229	579	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	579	6	row	row	PROPN
epaa-229	579	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	580	1	labaree	labaree	NOUN
epaa-229	580	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	580	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	580	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	580	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	580	6	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-229	580	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	580	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	581	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	581	2	making	making	NOUN
epaa-229	581	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	581	4	an	an	DET
epaa-229	581	5	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	581	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	581	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	581	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	582	1	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	582	2	haven	haven	PROPN
epaa-229	582	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	582	4	ct	ct	PROPN
epaa-229	582	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	582	6	yale	yale	PROPN
epaa-229	582	7	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	582	8	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	582	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	583	1	labaree	labaree	NOUN
epaa-229	583	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	583	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	583	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	583	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	583	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-229	583	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	583	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	584	1	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	584	2	to	to	PART
epaa-229	584	3	succeed	succeed	VERB
epaa-229	584	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	584	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	584	6	without	without	ADP
epaa-229	584	7	really	really	ADV
epaa-229	584	8	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-229	584	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	584	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	584	11	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-229	584	12	race	race	VERB
epaa-229	584	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	584	14	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	584	15	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	584	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	585	1	new	new	ADJ
epaa-229	585	2	haven	haven	PROPN
epaa-229	585	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	585	4	yale	yale	PROPN
epaa-229	585	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	585	6	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	585	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	586	1	land	land	NOUN
epaa-229	586	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	586	3	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-229	586	4	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	586	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	586	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	586	7	hough	hough	PROPN
epaa-229	586	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	586	9	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	586	10	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	586	11	jr	jr	PROPN
epaa-229	586	12	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	586	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	586	14	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-229	586	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	586	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	587	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	587	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	587	3	combination	combination	NOUN
epaa-229	587	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	587	5	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
epaa-229	587	6	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	587	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	587	8	increment	increment	NOUN
epaa-229	587	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	587	10	decrement	decrement	ADJ
epaa-229	587	11	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-229	587	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	587	13	tables	table	NOUN
epaa-229	587	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	587	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	587	16	life	life	NOUN
epaa-229	587	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	587	18	with	with	ADP
epaa-229	587	19	applications	application	NOUN
epaa-229	587	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	587	21	the	the	DET
epaa-229	587	22	1969	1969	NUM
epaa-229	587	23	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	587	24	70	70	NUM
epaa-229	587	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	587	26	1974	1974	NUM
epaa-229	587	27	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	587	28	75	75	NUM
epaa-229	587	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	587	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	587	31	1979	1979	NUM
epaa-229	587	32	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	587	33	80	80	NUM
epaa-229	587	34	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	587	35	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	587	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	588	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-229	588	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	588	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	588	4	american	american	PROPN
epaa-229	588	5	statistical	statistical	PROPN
epaa-229	588	6	association	association	NOUN
epaa-229	588	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	588	8	84	84	NUM
epaa-229	588	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	588	10	63	63	NUM
epaa-229	588	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	588	12	75	75	NUM
epaa-229	588	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	589	1	lemann	lemann	PROPN
epaa-229	589	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	589	3	n.	n.	NOUN
epaa-229	589	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	589	5	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	589	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	589	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	590	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	590	2	big	big	ADJ
epaa-229	590	3	test	test	NOUN
epaa-229	590	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	591	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	591	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	591	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	591	4	farrar	farrar	PROPN
epaa-229	591	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	591	6	straus	straus	PROPN
epaa-229	591	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	591	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	591	9	giroux	giroux	NOUN
epaa-229	591	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	592	1	lieberson	lieberson	PROPN
epaa-229	592	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	592	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	592	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	592	5	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	592	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	592	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	593	1	a	a	DET
epaa-229	593	2	piece	piece	NOUN
epaa-229	593	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	593	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	593	5	pie	pie	NOUN
epaa-229	593	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	594	1	berkeley	berkeley	PROPN
epaa-229	594	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	594	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	594	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	594	5	california	california	PROPN
epaa-229	594	6	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	594	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	595	1	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-229	595	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	595	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	595	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	595	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	595	6	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	595	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	595	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	596	1	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-229	596	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	596	3	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-229	596	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	597	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	597	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-229	597	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	597	4	29(2	29(2	NUM
epaa-229	597	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	597	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	597	7	4	4	NUM
epaa-229	597	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	597	9	16	16	NUM
epaa-229	597	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	598	1	madaus	madaus	PROPN
epaa-229	598	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	598	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	598	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	598	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	598	6	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-229	598	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	598	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	598	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	599	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	599	2	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-229	599	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	599	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	600	1	thecourts	thecourt	NOUN
epaa-229	600	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	600	3	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-229	600	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	600	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	600	6	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-229	600	7	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-229	600	8	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	600	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	601	1	boston	boston	PROPN
epaa-229	601	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	601	3	kluwer	kluwer	NOUN
epaa-229	601	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	601	5	nijhoff	nijhoff	NOUN
epaa-229	601	6	publishing	publishing	NOUN
epaa-229	601	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	602	1	mare	mare	PROPN
epaa-229	602	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	602	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	602	4	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	602	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	602	6	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	602	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	602	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	603	1	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	603	2	background	background	NOUN
epaa-229	603	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	603	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	603	5	continuation	continuation	NOUN
epaa-229	603	6	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-229	603	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	604	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-229	604	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	604	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	604	4	american	american	PROPN
epaa-229	604	5	statistical	statistical	PROPN
epaa-229	604	6	association	association	NOUN
epaa-229	604	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	604	8	75	75	NUM
epaa-229	604	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	604	10	295	295	NUM
epaa-229	604	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	604	12	305	305	NUM
epaa-229	604	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	605	1	mare	mare	PROPN
epaa-229	605	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	605	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	605	4	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	605	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	605	6	1981	1981	NUM
epaa-229	605	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	605	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	606	1	change	change	NOUN
epaa-229	606	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	606	3	stability	stability	NOUN
epaa-229	606	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	606	5	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	606	6	stratification	stratification	NOUN
epaa-229	606	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	607	1	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	607	2	sociological	sociological	PROPN
epaa-229	607	3	review	review	PROPN
epaa-229	607	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	607	5	46	46	NUM
epaa-229	607	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	607	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	607	8	72	72	NUM
epaa-229	607	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	607	10	87	87	NUM
epaa-229	607	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	608	1	mcdill	mcdill	NOUN
epaa-229	608	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	608	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	608	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	608	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	608	6	natriello	natriello	PROPN
epaa-229	608	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	608	8	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	608	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	608	10	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	608	11	pallas	pallas	PROPN
epaa-229	608	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	608	13	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-229	608	14	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	608	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	608	16	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	608	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	608	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	609	1	raising	raise	VERB
epaa-229	609	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-229	609	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	609	4	retaining	retain	VERB
epaa-229	609	5	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	609	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	609	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	609	8	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-229	609	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	609	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	609	11	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-229	609	12	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
epaa-229	609	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	609	14	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	609	15	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	609	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	610	1	review	review	NOUN
epaa-229	610	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	610	3	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	610	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-229	610	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	610	6	55	55	NUM
epaa-229	610	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	610	8	415	415	NUM
epaa-229	610	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	610	10	433	433	NUM
epaa-229	610	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	611	1	25	25	NUM
epaa-229	611	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	611	3	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	611	4	mcdill	mcdill	NOUN
epaa-229	611	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	611	6	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	611	7	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	611	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	611	9	natriello	natriello	PROPN
epaa-229	611	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	611	11	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	611	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	611	13	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	611	14	pallas	pallas	PROPN
epaa-229	611	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	611	16	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-229	611	17	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	611	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	611	19	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	611	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	611	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	612	1	a	a	DET
epaa-229	612	2	population	population	NOUN
epaa-229	612	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	612	4	risk	risk	NOUN
epaa-229	612	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	612	6	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-229	612	7	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	612	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	612	9	tougher	tough	ADJ
epaa-229	612	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	612	11	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-229	612	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	612	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	612	14	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	612	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	613	1	american	american	PROPN
epaa-229	613	2	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-229	613	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	613	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	613	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	613	6	94	94	NUM
epaa-229	613	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	613	8	135	135	NUM
epaa-229	613	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	613	10	181	181	NUM
epaa-229	613	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	614	1	michie	michie	PROPN
epaa-229	614	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	614	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	614	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	614	5	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	614	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	614	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	615	1	holler	holler	VERB
epaa-229	615	2	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-229	615	3	you	you	PRON
epaa-229	615	4	hear	hear	VERB
epaa-229	615	5	me	i	PRON
epaa-229	615	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	616	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	616	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	616	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	616	4	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-229	616	5	college	college	PROPN
epaa-229	616	6	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	616	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	617	1	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-229	617	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	617	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	617	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	617	5	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	617	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	617	7	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	617	8	21	21	NUM
epaa-229	617	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	617	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	618	1	congressional	congressional	ADJ
epaa-229	618	2	record	record	NOUN
epaa-229	618	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	619	1	murnane	murnane	PROPN
epaa-229	619	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	619	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	619	4	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	619	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	619	6	willet	willet	PROPN
epaa-229	619	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	619	8	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	619	9	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-229	619	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	619	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	619	12	boudett	boudett	PROPN
epaa-229	619	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	619	14	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-229	620	1	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	620	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	620	3	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-229	620	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	620	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	621	1	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	621	2	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	621	3	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	621	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	621	5	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	621	6	benefit	benefit	VERB
epaa-229	621	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	621	8	obtaining	obtain	VERB
epaa-229	621	9	a	a	DET
epaa-229	621	10	ged	ge	VERB
epaa-229	621	11	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	621	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-229	621	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	621	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	621	15	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	621	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	621	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	621	18	17	17	NUM
epaa-229	621	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	621	20	133	133	NUM
epaa-229	621	21	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	621	22	147	147	NUM
epaa-229	621	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	622	1	murnane	murnane	PROPN
epaa-229	622	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	622	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	622	4	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	622	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	622	6	willet	willet	PROPN
epaa-229	622	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	622	8	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	622	9	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-229	622	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	622	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	622	12	tyler	tyler	PROPN
epaa-229	622	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	622	14	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	622	15	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-229	622	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	622	17	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-229	622	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	622	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	623	1	who	who	PRON
epaa-229	623	2	benefits	benefit	VERB
epaa-229	623	3	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	623	4	obtaining	obtain	VERB
epaa-229	623	5	a	a	DET
epaa-229	623	6	ged	ge	VERB
epaa-229	623	7	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-229	624	1	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-229	624	2	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	624	3	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	624	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	624	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	624	6	beyond	beyond	ADV
epaa-229	624	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	624	8	nber	nber	PROPN
epaa-229	624	9	working	working	PROPN
epaa-229	624	10	paper	paper	PROPN
epaa-229	624	11	no	no	INTJ
epaa-229	624	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	625	1	w7172	w7172	NOUN
epaa-229	625	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	626	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
epaa-229	626	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	626	3	ma	ma	PROPN
epaa-229	626	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	626	5	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	626	6	bureau	bureau	PROPN
epaa-229	626	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	626	8	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-229	626	9	research	research	NOUN
epaa-229	626	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	626	11	available	available	ADJ
epaa-229	626	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	626	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	626	14	line	line	NOUN
epaa-229	626	15	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	626	16	http://papers.nber.org/	http://papers.nber.org/	PROPN
epaa-229	626	17	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	626	18	center	center	NOUN
epaa-229	626	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	626	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	626	21	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	626	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	627	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	627	2	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	627	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	627	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	628	1	digest	digest	NOUN
epaa-229	628	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	628	3	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	628	4	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	628	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	628	6	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	628	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	629	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-229	629	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	629	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-229	629	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	629	5	government	government	NOUN
epaa-229	629	6	printing	printing	NOUN
epaa-229	629	7	office	office	NOUN
epaa-229	629	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	630	1	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	630	2	center	center	NOUN
epaa-229	630	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	630	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	630	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	630	6	the	the	DET
epaa-229	630	7	economy	economy	NOUN
epaa-229	630	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	631	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	631	2	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-229	631	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	631	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	632	1	america	america	PROPN
epaa-229	632	2	's	's	PART
epaa-229	632	3	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-229	632	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	632	5	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	632	6	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-229	632	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	632	8	low	low	ADJ
epaa-229	632	9	wages	wage	NOUN
epaa-229	632	10	!	!	PUNCT
epaa-229	633	1	rochester	rochester	PROPN
epaa-229	633	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	633	3	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-229	633	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	633	5	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	633	6	center	center	NOUN
epaa-229	633	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	633	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	633	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	633	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	633	11	economy	economy	NOUN
epaa-229	633	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	634	1	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	634	2	research	research	PROPN
epaa-229	634	3	council	council	PROPN
epaa-229	634	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	635	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	635	2	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	635	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	635	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	636	1	understanding	understand	VERB
epaa-229	636	2	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	636	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	636	4	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	636	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	636	6	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-229	636	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	636	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	636	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	636	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	636	11	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-229	636	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	636	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	637	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-229	637	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	637	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-229	637	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	637	5	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	637	6	academy	academy	PROPN
epaa-229	637	7	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	637	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	638	1	orr	orr	PROPN
epaa-229	638	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	638	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	638	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	638	5	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	638	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	638	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	639	1	keeping	keep	VERB
epaa-229	639	2	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	639	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	639	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	639	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	640	1	san	san	PROPN
epaa-229	640	2	francisco	francisco	PROPN
epaa-229	640	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	640	4	jossey	jossey	NOUN
epaa-229	640	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	640	6	bass	bass	NOUN
epaa-229	640	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	641	1	ossowski	ossowski	PROPN
epaa-229	641	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	641	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	641	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	641	5	1963	1963	NUM
epaa-229	641	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	641	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	642	1	class	class	NOUN
epaa-229	642	2	structure	structure	NOUN
epaa-229	642	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	642	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	642	5	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	642	6	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN
epaa-229	642	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	643	1	london	london	PROPN
epaa-229	643	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	643	3	routledge	routledge	PROPN
epaa-229	643	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	643	5	kegan	kegan	PROPN
epaa-229	643	6	paul	paul	PROPN
epaa-229	643	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	644	1	osterman	osterman	PROPN
epaa-229	644	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	644	3	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	644	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	644	5	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-229	644	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	644	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	645	1	getting	getting	AUX
epaa-229	645	2	started	start	VERB
epaa-229	645	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	646	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
epaa-229	646	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	646	3	ma	ma	PROPN
epaa-229	646	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	646	5	mit	mit	PROPN
epaa-229	646	6	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	646	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	647	1	parnell	parnell	PROPN
epaa-229	647	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	647	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	647	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	647	5	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	647	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	647	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	648	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	648	2	neglected	neglect	VERB
epaa-229	648	3	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-229	648	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	649	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-229	649	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	649	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-229	649	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	649	5	community	community	NOUN
epaa-229	649	6	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	649	7	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	649	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	650	1	perlmann	perlmann	PROPN
epaa-229	650	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	650	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	650	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	650	5	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-229	650	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	650	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	651	1	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
epaa-229	651	2	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-229	651	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	652	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	652	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	652	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	652	4	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
epaa-229	652	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	652	6	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	652	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	653	1	powell	powell	PROPN
epaa-229	653	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	653	3	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	653	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	653	5	farrar	farrar	PROPN
epaa-229	653	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	653	7	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	653	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	653	9	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	653	10	cohen	cohen	PROPN
epaa-229	653	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	653	12	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	653	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	653	14	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	653	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	653	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	654	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	654	2	shopping	shopping	NOUN
epaa-229	654	3	mall	mall	PROPN
epaa-229	654	4	high	high	PROPN
epaa-229	654	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	654	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	655	1	boston	boston	PROPN
epaa-229	655	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	655	3	houghton	houghton	PROPN
epaa-229	655	4	mifflin	mifflin	PROPN
epaa-229	655	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	656	1	pullin	pullin	PROPN
epaa-229	656	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	656	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	656	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	656	5	1981	1981	NUM
epaa-229	656	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	656	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	657	1	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-229	657	2	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-229	657	3	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	657	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	657	5	the	the	DET
epaa-229	657	6	demand	demand	NOUN
epaa-229	657	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	657	8	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-229	657	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	658	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-229	658	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-229	658	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-229	658	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	658	5	63(1	63(1	NUM
epaa-229	658	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	658	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	658	8	20	20	NUM
epaa-229	658	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	658	10	22	22	NUM
epaa-229	658	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	659	1	roderick	roderick	PROPN
epaa-229	659	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	659	3	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-229	659	4	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	659	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	659	6	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	659	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	659	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	660	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	660	2	path	path	NOUN
epaa-229	660	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	660	4	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	660	5	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	660	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	661	1	westport	westport	NOUN
epaa-229	661	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	661	3	ct	ct	PROPN
epaa-229	661	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	661	5	auburn	auburn	PROPN
epaa-229	661	6	house	house	PROPN
epaa-229	661	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	662	1	rumberger	rumberger	PROPN
epaa-229	662	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	662	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	662	4	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-229	662	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	662	6	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	662	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	662	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	663	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	663	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	663	3	dropouts	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	663	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	664	1	review	review	NOUN
epaa-229	664	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	664	3	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	664	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-229	664	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	664	6	57	57	NUM
epaa-229	664	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	664	8	101	101	NUM
epaa-229	664	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	664	10	121	121	NUM
epaa-229	664	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	665	1	rumberger	rumberger	PROPN
epaa-229	665	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	665	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	665	4	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-229	665	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	665	6	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-229	665	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	665	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	666	1	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-229	666	2	out	out	ADP
epaa-229	666	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	666	4	middle	middle	ADJ
epaa-229	666	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	666	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	666	7	a	a	DET
epaa-229	666	8	multilevel	multilevel	ADJ
epaa-229	666	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	666	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	666	11	students	student	NOUN
epaa-229	666	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	666	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	666	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	667	1	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	667	2	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-229	667	3	research	research	PROPN
epaa-229	667	4	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-229	667	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	667	6	32	32	NUM
epaa-229	667	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	667	8	583	583	NUM
epaa-229	667	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	667	10	625	625	NUM
epaa-229	667	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	667	12	rumberger	rumberger	NOUN
epaa-229	667	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	667	14	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	667	15	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-229	667	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	667	17	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	667	18	larson	larson	PROPN
epaa-229	667	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	667	20	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-229	667	21	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	667	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	667	23	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-229	667	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	667	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	668	1	student	student	NOUN
epaa-229	668	2	mobility	mobility	NOUN
epaa-229	668	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	668	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	668	5	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-229	668	6	risk	risk	NOUN
epaa-229	668	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	668	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	668	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	668	10	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	668	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	669	1	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	669	2	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-229	669	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	669	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	669	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	669	6	107	107	NUM
epaa-229	669	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	669	8	1	1	NUM
epaa-229	669	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	669	10	35	35	NUM
epaa-229	669	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	669	12	26	26	NUM
epaa-229	669	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	669	14	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	669	15	rumberger	rumberger	NOUN
epaa-229	669	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	669	17	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	669	18	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-229	669	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	669	20	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	669	21	scott	scott	PROPN
epaa-229	669	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	669	23	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-229	669	24	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	669	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	669	26	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	669	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	669	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	670	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	670	2	distribution	distribution	NOUN
epaa-229	670	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	670	4	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-229	670	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	670	6	turnover	turnover	NOUN
epaa-229	670	7	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-229	670	8	among	among	ADP
epaa-229	670	9	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-229	670	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	670	11	suburban	suburban	ADJ
epaa-229	670	12	high	high	ADJ
epaa-229	670	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	670	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	671	1	sociology	sociology	NOUN
epaa-229	671	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	671	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	671	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	671	5	73	73	NUM
epaa-229	671	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	671	7	39	39	NUM
epaa-229	671	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	671	9	67	67	NUM
epaa-229	671	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	672	1	sapon	sapon	ADV
epaa-229	672	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	672	3	shevin	shevin	NOUN
epaa-229	672	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	672	5	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	672	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	672	7	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	672	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	672	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	673	1	gifted	gifted	ADJ
epaa-229	673	2	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	673	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	673	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	673	5	protection	protection	NOUN
epaa-229	673	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	673	7	privilege	privilege	NOUN
epaa-229	673	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	673	9	breaking	break	VERB
epaa-229	673	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	673	11	silence	silence	NOUN
epaa-229	673	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	673	13	opening	open	VERB
epaa-229	673	14	the	the	DET
epaa-229	673	15	discourse	discourse	NOUN
epaa-229	673	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	674	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	674	2	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	674	3	weis	weis	PROPN
epaa-229	674	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	674	5	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-229	674	6	fine	fine	PROPN
epaa-229	674	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	674	8	eds	ed	NOUN
epaa-229	674	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	674	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	674	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	674	12	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-229	674	13	silenced	silenced	ADJ
epaa-229	674	14	voices	voice	NOUN
epaa-229	674	15	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	674	16	class	class	NOUN
epaa-229	674	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	674	18	race	race	NOUN
epaa-229	674	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	674	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	674	21	gender	gender	NOUN
epaa-229	674	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	674	23	united	united	PROPN
epaa-229	674	24	states	states	PROPN
epaa-229	674	25	schools	schools	PROPN
epaa-229	674	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	674	27	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-229	674	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	674	29	25	25	NUM
epaa-229	674	30	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	674	31	44	44	NUM
epaa-229	674	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	674	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	675	1	albany	albany	PROPN
epaa-229	675	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	675	3	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-229	675	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	675	5	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	675	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	675	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	675	8	new	new	PROPN
epaa-229	675	9	york	york	PROPN
epaa-229	675	10	press	press	PROPN
epaa-229	675	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	676	1	salganik	salganik	PROPN
epaa-229	676	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	676	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	676	4	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-229	676	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	676	6	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	676	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	676	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	677	1	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-229	677	2	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	677	3	reforms	reform	NOUN
epaa-229	677	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	677	5	so	so	ADV
epaa-229	677	6	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-229	677	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	677	8	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	677	9	they	they	PRON
epaa-229	677	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	677	11	changing	change	VERB
epaa-229	677	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	677	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	678	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-229	678	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-229	678	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-229	678	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	678	5	66	66	NUM
epaa-229	678	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	678	7	607	607	NUM
epaa-229	678	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	678	9	610	610	NUM
epaa-229	678	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	679	1	seidman	seidman	PROPN
epaa-229	679	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	679	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	679	4	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-229	679	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	679	6	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-229	679	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	679	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	680	1	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	680	2	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	680	3	'	'	PART
epaa-229	680	4	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-229	680	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	680	6	'	'	NUM
epaa-229	680	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	680	8	some	some	DET
epaa-229	680	9	disastrous	disastrous	ADJ
epaa-229	680	10	unintended	unintended	ADJ
epaa-229	680	11	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-229	680	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	681	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	681	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	681	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	681	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-229	681	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	681	6	4(11	4(11	NUM
epaa-229	681	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	681	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	682	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-229	682	2	october	october	PROPN
epaa-229	682	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-229	682	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	682	5	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	682	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	682	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	682	8	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v4n11/	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v4n11/	PROPN
epaa-229	682	9	sizer	sizer	PROPN
epaa-229	682	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	682	11	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-229	682	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	682	13	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-229	682	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	682	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	683	1	horace	horace	PROPN
epaa-229	683	2	's	's	PART
epaa-229	683	3	compromise	compromise	NOUN
epaa-229	683	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	684	1	boston	boston	PROPN
epaa-229	684	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	684	3	houghton	houghton	PROPN
epaa-229	684	4	mifflin	mifflin	PROPN
epaa-229	684	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	685	1	snyder	snyder	PROPN
epaa-229	685	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	685	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-229	685	4	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	685	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	685	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	685	7	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-229	685	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	685	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	685	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	686	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	686	2	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	686	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	686	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	687	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-229	687	2	hundred	hundred	NUM
epaa-229	687	3	twenty	twenty	NUM
epaa-229	687	4	years	year	NOUN
epaa-229	687	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	687	6	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	687	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	687	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	688	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-229	688	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	688	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-229	688	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	688	5	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	688	6	center	center	NOUN
epaa-229	688	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	688	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	688	9	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	688	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	689	1	snyder	snyder	NOUN
epaa-229	689	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	689	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-229	689	4	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	689	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	689	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	689	7	hoffman	hoffman	PROPN
epaa-229	689	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	689	9	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	689	10	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	689	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	689	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	689	13	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-229	689	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	689	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	689	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	690	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	690	2	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-229	690	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	690	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	691	1	digest	digest	NOUN
epaa-229	691	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	691	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	691	4	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	691	5	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-229	691	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	692	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-229	692	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	692	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-229	692	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	692	5	national	national	ADJ
epaa-229	692	6	center	center	NOUN
epaa-229	692	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	692	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	692	9	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-229	692	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	693	1	thorndike	thorndike	PROPN
epaa-229	693	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	693	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	693	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	693	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	693	6	1907	1907	NUM
epaa-229	693	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	693	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	694	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	694	2	elimination	elimination	NOUN
epaa-229	694	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	694	4	pupils	pupil	NOUN
epaa-229	694	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-229	694	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	694	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	695	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-229	695	2	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	695	3	bureau	bureau	PROPN
epaa-229	695	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	695	5	education	education	PROPN
epaa-229	695	6	bulletin	bulletin	NOUN
epaa-229	695	7	no	no	INTJ
epaa-229	695	8	.	.	NOUN
epaa-229	695	9	4	4	NUM
epaa-229	695	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	695	11	whole	whole	ADJ
epaa-229	695	12	no	no	NOUN
epaa-229	695	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	695	14	379	379	NUM
epaa-229	695	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	696	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-229	696	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	696	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-229	696	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	696	5	government	government	NOUN
epaa-229	696	6	printing	printing	NOUN
epaa-229	696	7	office	office	NOUN
epaa-229	696	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	697	1	tropea	tropea	PROPN
epaa-229	697	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	697	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	697	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	697	5	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-229	697	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	697	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	698	1	bureaucratic	bureaucratic	ADJ
epaa-229	698	2	order	order	NOUN
epaa-229	698	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	698	4	special	special	ADJ
epaa-229	698	5	children	child	NOUN
epaa-229	698	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	698	7	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-229	698	8	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	698	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	698	10	1890s-1940s	1890s-1940s	NUM
epaa-229	698	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	699	1	history	history	NOUN
epaa-229	699	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	699	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	699	4	quarterly	quarterly	ADV
epaa-229	699	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	699	6	27	27	NUM
epaa-229	699	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	699	8	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	699	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	699	10	53	53	NUM
epaa-229	699	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	700	1	turlington	turlington	PROPN
epaa-229	700	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	700	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-229	700	4	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	700	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	700	6	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-229	700	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	700	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	701	1	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	701	2	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	701	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	701	4	changing	change	VERB
epaa-229	701	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	701	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	701	7	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-229	701	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	702	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	702	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-229	702	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	702	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-229	702	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	702	6	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-229	702	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	702	8	4(2	4(2	NUM
epaa-229	702	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	702	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	702	11	9	9	NUM
epaa-229	702	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	702	13	11	11	NUM
epaa-229	702	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	703	1	tyack	tyack	PROPN
epaa-229	703	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	703	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	703	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	703	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	703	6	cuban	cuban	PROPN
epaa-229	703	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	703	8	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	703	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	703	10	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-229	703	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	703	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	704	1	tinkering	tinker	VERB
epaa-229	704	2	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-229	704	3	utopia	utopia	NOUN
epaa-229	704	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	705	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
epaa-229	705	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	705	3	ma	ma	PROPN
epaa-229	705	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	705	5	harvard	harvard	PROPN
epaa-229	705	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	705	7	press	press	NOUN
epaa-229	705	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	706	1	vygotsky	vygotsky	PROPN
epaa-229	706	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	706	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	706	4	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	706	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	706	6	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	706	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	706	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	707	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	707	2	collected	collect	VERB
epaa-229	707	3	works	work	NOUN
epaa-229	707	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	707	5	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-229	707	6	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-229	707	7	vygotsky	vygotsky	PROPN
epaa-229	707	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	707	9	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-229	707	10	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	708	1	2	2	NUM
epaa-229	708	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	708	3	the	the	DET
epaa-229	708	4	fundamentals	fundamental	NOUN
epaa-229	708	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	708	6	defectology	defectology	NOUN
epaa-229	708	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	708	8	abnormal	abnormal	ADJ
epaa-229	708	9	psychology	psychology	NOUN
epaa-229	708	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	708	11	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-229	708	12	disabilities	disability	NOUN
epaa-229	708	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	708	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	708	15	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	708	16	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	708	17	knox	knox	PROPN
epaa-229	708	18	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	708	19	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	708	20	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-229	708	21	stevens	stevens	PROPN
epaa-229	708	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	708	23	trans	trans	PROPN
epaa-229	708	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	708	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	708	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	709	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
epaa-229	709	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	709	3	ma	ma	PROPN
epaa-229	709	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	709	5	perseus	perseus	NOUN
epaa-229	709	6	publishing	publishing	NOUN
epaa-229	709	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	710	1	walters	walters	PROPN
epaa-229	710	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	710	3	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-229	710	4	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-229	710	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	710	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-229	710	7	briggs	briggs	PROPN
epaa-229	710	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	710	9	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	710	10	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-229	710	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	710	12	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-229	710	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	710	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	711	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	711	2	family	family	NOUN
epaa-229	711	3	economy	economy	NOUN
epaa-229	711	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	711	5	child	child	NOUN
epaa-229	711	6	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-229	711	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	711	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	711	9	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-229	711	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	712	1	american	american	ADJ
epaa-229	712	2	sociological	sociological	PROPN
epaa-229	712	3	review	review	PROPN
epaa-229	712	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	712	5	58	58	NUM
epaa-229	712	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	712	7	163	163	NUM
epaa-229	712	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	712	9	181	181	NUM
epaa-229	712	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	713	1	acknowledgment	acknowledgment	NOUN
epaa-229	713	2	this	this	DET
epaa-229	713	3	article	article	NOUN
epaa-229	713	4	began	begin	VERB
epaa-229	713	5	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	713	6	a	a	DET
epaa-229	713	7	commissioned	commission	VERB
epaa-229	713	8	work	work	NOUN
epaa-229	713	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	713	10	the	the	DET
epaa-229	713	11	july	july	PROPN
epaa-229	713	12	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-229	713	13	workshop	workshop	NOUN
epaa-229	713	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	713	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-229	713	16	completion	completion	NOUN
epaa-229	713	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	713	18	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-229	713	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	713	20	based	base	VERB
epaa-229	713	21	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-229	713	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	713	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	713	24	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	713	25	research	research	PROPN
epaa-229	713	26	council	council	PROPN
epaa-229	713	27	's	's	PART
epaa-229	713	28	committee	committee	NOUN
epaa-229	713	29	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	713	30	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	713	31	excellence	excellence	PROPN
epaa-229	713	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	713	33	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-229	713	34	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-229	713	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	714	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-229	714	2	am	be	AUX
epaa-229	714	3	grateful	grateful	ADJ
epaa-229	714	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	714	5	comments	comment	NOUN
epaa-229	714	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	714	7	an	an	DET
epaa-229	714	8	anonymous	anonymous	ADJ
epaa-229	714	9	reviewer	reviewer	NOUN
epaa-229	714	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	714	11	the	the	DET
epaa-229	714	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	714	13	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	714	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	714	15	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-229	714	16	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	714	17	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	714	18	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	714	19	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	714	20	robert	robert	PROPN
epaa-229	714	21	hauser	hauser	PROPN
epaa-229	714	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	714	23	ulric	ulric	ADV
epaa-229	714	24	neisser	neisser	PROPN
epaa-229	714	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	714	26	diana	diana	PROPN
epaa-229	714	27	pullin	pullin	PROPN
epaa-229	714	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	714	29	bella	bella	PROPN
epaa-229	714	30	rosenberg	rosenberg	PROPN
epaa-229	714	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	714	32	russell	russell	PROPN
epaa-229	714	33	rumberger	rumberger	PROPN
epaa-229	714	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	714	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	714	36	william	william	PROPN
epaa-229	714	37	trent	trent	NOUN
epaa-229	714	38	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-229	714	39	shaped	shape	VERB
epaa-229	714	40	revisions	revision	NOUN
epaa-229	714	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	714	42	as	as	ADV
epaa-229	714	43	well	well	ADV
epaa-229	714	44	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	714	45	the	the	DET
epaa-229	714	46	permission	permission	NOUN
epaa-229	714	47	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	714	48	the	the	DET
epaa-229	714	49	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	714	50	research	research	PROPN
epaa-229	714	51	council	council	PROPN
epaa-229	714	52	to	to	PART
epaa-229	714	53	use	use	VERB
epaa-229	714	54	that	that	DET
epaa-229	714	55	commissioned	commission	VERB
epaa-229	714	56	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-229	714	57	as	as	ADP
epaa-229	714	58	the	the	DET
epaa-229	714	59	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-229	714	60	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	714	61	this	this	DET
epaa-229	714	62	article	article	NOUN
epaa-229	714	63	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	715	1	any	any	DET
epaa-229	715	2	opinions	opinion	NOUN
epaa-229	715	3	expressed	express	VERB
epaa-229	715	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-229	715	5	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	715	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	715	7	the	the	DET
epaa-229	715	8	27	27	NUM
epaa-229	715	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	715	10	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	715	11	author	author	NOUN
epaa-229	715	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	715	13	neither	neither	CCONJ
epaa-229	715	14	those	those	PRON
epaa-229	715	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	715	16	the	the	DET
epaa-229	715	17	persons	person	NOUN
epaa-229	715	18	mentioned	mention	VERB
epaa-229	715	19	above	above	ADP
epaa-229	715	20	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-229	715	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	715	22	the	the	DET
epaa-229	715	23	national	national	PROPN
epaa-229	715	24	research	research	PROPN
epaa-229	715	25	council	council	PROPN
epaa-229	715	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	716	1	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	716	2	the	the	DET
epaa-229	716	3	author	author	NOUN
epaa-229	716	4	sherman	sherman	PROPN
epaa-229	716	5	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	716	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	716	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	716	8	south	south	PROPN
epaa-229	716	9	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-229	717	1	edu162	edu162	PROPN
epaa-229	717	2	4202	4202	PROPN
epaa-229	717	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	717	4	fowler	fowler	PROPN
epaa-229	717	5	avenue	avenue	PROPN
epaa-229	717	6	tampa	tampa	PROPN
epaa-229	717	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	717	8	fl	fl	PROPN
epaa-229	717	9	33620	33620	NUM
epaa-229	717	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	717	11	7750	7750	NUM
epaa-229	717	12	e	e	NOUN
epaa-229	717	13	-	-	NOUN
epaa-229	717	14	mail	mail	NOUN
epaa-229	717	15	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	717	16	sdorn@tempest.coedu.usf.edu	sdorn@tempest.coedu.usf.edu	PROPN
epaa-229	717	17	sherman	sherman	PROPN
epaa-229	717	18	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	717	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	717	20	associate	associate	ADJ
epaa-229	717	21	professor	professor	NOUN
epaa-229	717	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	717	23	the	the	DET
epaa-229	717	24	department	department	NOUN
epaa-229	717	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	717	26	psychological	psychological	ADJ
epaa-229	717	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	717	28	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	717	29	foundations	foundation	NOUN
epaa-229	717	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	717	31	the	the	DET
epaa-229	717	32	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	717	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	717	34	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	717	35	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	717	36	the	the	DET
epaa-229	717	37	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	717	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	717	39	south	south	PROPN
epaa-229	717	40	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-229	717	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	718	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-229	718	2	teaches	teach	VERB
epaa-229	718	3	social	social	ADJ
epaa-229	718	4	foundations	foundation	NOUN
epaa-229	718	5	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-229	718	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	718	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	718	8	his	his	PRON
epaa-229	718	9	interests	interest	NOUN
epaa-229	718	10	include	include	VERB
epaa-229	718	11	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-229	718	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-229	718	13	have	have	AUX
epaa-229	718	14	historically	historically	ADV
epaa-229	718	15	treated	treat	VERB
epaa-229	718	16	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
epaa-229	718	17	populations	population	NOUN
epaa-229	718	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-229	718	19	the	the	DET
epaa-229	718	20	construction	construction	NOUN
epaa-229	718	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	718	22	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	718	23	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-229	718	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-229	718	25	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-229	718	26	politics	politic	NOUN
epaa-229	718	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	719	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
epaa-229	719	2	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-229	719	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-229	719	4	the	the	DET
epaa-229	719	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	719	6	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	719	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	719	8	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-229	719	9	the	the	DET
epaa-229	719	10	world	world	NOUN
epaa-229	719	11	wide	wide	ADJ
epaa-229	719	12	web	web	NOUN
epaa-229	719	13	address	address	NOUN
epaa-229	719	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	719	15	the	the	DET
epaa-229	719	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	719	17	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-229	719	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-229	719	19	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-229	719	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	719	21	epaa.asu.edu	epaa.asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-229	719	22	general	general	ADJ
epaa-229	719	23	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-229	719	24	about	about	ADP
epaa-229	719	25	appropriateness	appropriateness	NOUN
epaa-229	719	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	719	27	topics	topic	NOUN
epaa-229	719	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	719	29	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-229	719	30	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-229	719	31	may	may	AUX
epaa-229	719	32	be	be	AUX
epaa-229	719	33	addressed	address	VERB
epaa-229	719	34	to	to	ADP
epaa-229	719	35	the	the	DET
epaa-229	719	36	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-229	719	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	719	38	gene	gene	NOUN
epaa-229	719	39	v	v	NOUN
epaa-229	719	40	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-229	719	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	719	42	glass@asu.edu	glass@asu.edu	NOUN
epaa-229	719	43	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-229	719	44	reach	reach	VERB
epaa-229	719	45	him	he	PRON
epaa-229	719	46	at	at	ADP
epaa-229	719	47	college	college	NOUN
epaa-229	719	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	719	49	education	education	NOUN
epaa-229	719	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	719	51	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-229	719	52	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	719	53	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	719	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	719	55	tempe	tempe	PROPN
epaa-229	719	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	719	57	az	az	PROPN
epaa-229	719	58	85287	85287	NUM
epaa-229	719	59	-	-	SYM
epaa-229	719	60	2411	2411	NUM
epaa-229	719	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	720	1	the	the	DET
epaa-229	720	2	commentary	commentary	NOUN
epaa-229	720	3	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-229	720	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-229	720	5	casey	casey	PROPN
epaa-229	720	6	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-229	720	7	cobb	cobb	PROPN
epaa-229	720	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-229	720	9	casey.cobb@unh.edu	casey.cobb@unh.edu	PROPN
epaa-229	720	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-229	721	2	editorial	editorial	PROPN
epaa-229	721	3	board	board	PROPN
epaa-229	721	4	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-229	721	5	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-229	721	6	apple	apple	PROPN
epaa-229	721	7	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	9	wisconsin	wisconsin	PROPN
epaa-229	721	10	david	david	PROPN
epaa-229	721	11	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-229	721	12	berliner	berliner	PROPN
epaa-229	721	13	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-229	721	14	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	721	15	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	16	greg	greg	PROPN
epaa-229	721	17	camilli	camilli	PROPN
epaa-229	721	18	rutgers	rutgers	PROPN
epaa-229	721	19	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	20	linda	linda	PROPN
epaa-229	721	21	darling	darling	PROPN
epaa-229	721	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	23	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-229	721	24	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-229	721	25	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	26	sherman	sherman	PROPN
epaa-229	721	27	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-229	721	28	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	30	south	south	PROPN
epaa-229	721	31	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-229	721	32	mark	mark	PROPN
epaa-229	721	33	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	721	34	fetler	fetler	PROPN
epaa-229	721	35	california	california	PROPN
epaa-229	721	36	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-229	721	37	on	on	ADP
epaa-229	721	38	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-229	721	39	credentialing	credentiale	VERB
epaa-229	721	40	gustavo	gustavo	PROPN
epaa-229	721	41	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	721	42	fischman	fischman	PROPN
epaa-229	721	43	california	california	PROPN
epaa-229	721	44	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	721	45	univeristy	univeristy	PROPN
epaa-229	721	46	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	47	los	los	PROPN
epaa-229	721	48	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-229	721	49	richard	richard	PROPN
epaa-229	721	50	garlikov	garlikov	PROPN
epaa-229	721	51	birmingham	birmingham	PROPN
epaa-229	721	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	53	alabama	alabama	PROPN
epaa-229	721	54	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-229	721	55	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-229	721	56	green	green	PROPN
epaa-229	721	57	syracuse	syracuse	PROPN
epaa-229	721	58	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	59	aimee	aimee	PROPN
epaa-229	721	60	howley	howley	PROPN
epaa-229	721	61	ohio	ohio	PROPN
epaa-229	721	62	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	63	craig	craig	PROPN
epaa-229	721	64	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-229	721	65	howley	howley	PROPN
epaa-229	721	66	appalachia	appalachia	PROPN
epaa-229	721	67	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-229	721	68	laboratory	laboratory	PROPN
epaa-229	721	69	william	william	PROPN
epaa-229	721	70	hunter	hunter	PROPN
epaa-229	721	71	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	72	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	73	ontario	ontario	PROPN
epaa-229	721	74	institute	institute	PROPN
epaa-229	721	75	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	76	technology	technology	PROPN
epaa-229	721	77	patricia	patricia	PROPN
epaa-229	721	78	fey	fey	PROPN
epaa-229	721	79	jarvis	jarvis	PROPN
epaa-229	721	80	seattle	seattle	PROPN
epaa-229	721	81	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	82	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-229	721	83	daniel	daniel	PROPN
epaa-229	721	84	kallós	kallós	PROPN
epaa-229	721	85	umeå	umeå	PROPN
epaa-229	721	86	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	87	benjamin	benjamin	PROPN
epaa-229	721	88	levin	levin	PROPN
epaa-229	721	89	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	90	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	91	manitoba	manitoba	PROPN
epaa-229	721	92	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-229	721	93	mauhs	mauhs	PROPN
epaa-229	721	94	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	95	pugh	pugh	PROPN
epaa-229	721	96	green	green	PROPN
epaa-229	721	97	mountain	mountain	PROPN
epaa-229	721	98	college	college	PROPN
epaa-229	721	99	les	les	PROPN
epaa-229	721	100	mclean	mclean	PROPN
epaa-229	721	101	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	102	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	103	toronto	toronto	PROPN
epaa-229	721	104	heinrich	heinrich	PROPN
epaa-229	721	105	mintrop	mintrop	PROPN
epaa-229	721	106	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	107	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	108	california	california	PROPN
epaa-229	721	109	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	110	los	los	PROPN
epaa-229	721	111	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-229	721	112	28	28	NUM
epaa-229	721	113	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	114	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	721	115	michele	michele	PROPN
epaa-229	721	116	moses	moses	PROPN
epaa-229	721	117	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-229	721	118	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	721	119	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	120	gary	gary	PROPN
epaa-229	721	121	orfield	orfield	PROPN
epaa-229	721	122	harvard	harvard	PROPN
epaa-229	721	123	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	124	anthony	anthony	PROPN
epaa-229	721	125	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	721	126	rud	rud	PROPN
epaa-229	721	127	jr	jr	PROPN
epaa-229	721	128	.	.	PROPN
epaa-229	721	129	purdue	purdue	PROPN
epaa-229	721	130	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	131	jay	jay	PROPN
epaa-229	721	132	paredes	paredes	PROPN
epaa-229	721	133	scribner	scribner	PROPN
epaa-229	721	134	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	135	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	136	missouri	missouri	PROPN
epaa-229	721	137	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-229	721	138	scriven	scriven	PROPN
epaa-229	721	139	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	140	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	141	auckland	auckland	PROPN
epaa-229	721	142	lorrie	lorrie	PROPN
epaa-229	721	143	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-229	721	144	shepard	shepard	PROPN
epaa-229	721	145	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	146	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	147	colorado	colorado	PROPN
epaa-229	721	148	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	149	boulder	boulder	PROPN
epaa-229	721	150	robert	robert	PROPN
epaa-229	721	151	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-229	721	152	stake	stake	PROPN
epaa-229	721	153	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	154	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	155	illinois	illinois	PROPN
epaa-229	721	156	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	157	uc	uc	PROPN
epaa-229	721	158	kevin	kevin	PROPN
epaa-229	721	159	welner	welner	PROPN
epaa-229	721	160	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	161	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	162	colorado	colorado	PROPN
epaa-229	721	163	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	164	boulder	boulder	PROPN
epaa-229	721	165	terrence	terrence	PROPN
epaa-229	721	166	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-229	721	167	wiley	wiley	PROPN
epaa-229	721	168	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-229	721	169	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	721	170	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	171	john	john	PROPN
epaa-229	721	172	willinsky	willinsky	PROPN
epaa-229	721	173	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	721	174	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	721	175	british	british	PROPN
epaa-229	721	176	columbia	columbia	PROPN
epaa-229	721	177	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-229	721	178	spanish	spanish	ADJ
epaa-229	721	179	language	language	NOUN
epaa-229	721	180	editorial	editorial	NOUN
epaa-229	721	181	board	board	NOUN
epaa-229	721	182	associate	associate	NOUN
epaa-229	721	183	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-229	721	184	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	721	185	spanish	spanish	ADJ
epaa-229	721	186	language	language	NOUN
epaa-229	721	187	roberto	roberto	PROPN
epaa-229	721	188	rodríguez	rodríguez	NOUN
epaa-229	721	189	gómez	gómez	PROPN
epaa-229	721	190	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-229	721	191	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-229	721	192	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-229	721	193	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	721	194	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-229	721	195	roberto@servidor.unam.mx	roberto@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-229	721	196	adrián	adrián	PROPN
epaa-229	721	197	acosta	acosta	PROPN
epaa-229	721	198	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	199	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-229	721	200	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	721	201	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-229	721	202	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	721	203	guadalajara	guadalajara	PROPN
epaa-229	721	204	adrianacosta@compuserve.com	adrianacosta@compuserve.com	X
epaa-229	722	1	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-229	722	2	félix	félix	PROPN
epaa-229	722	3	angulo	angulo	PROPN
epaa-229	722	4	rasco	rasco	PROPN
epaa-229	722	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	722	6	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-229	722	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	722	8	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-229	722	9	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	722	10	cádiz	cádiz	PROPN
epaa-229	722	11	felix.angulo@uca.es	felix.angulo@uca.es	PROPN
epaa-229	722	12	teresa	teresa	PROPN
epaa-229	722	13	bracho	bracho	PROPN
epaa-229	722	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	722	15	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-229	722	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	722	17	centro	centro	PROPN
epaa-229	722	18	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	722	19	investigación	investigación	PROPN
epaa-229	722	20	y	y	PROPN
epaa-229	722	21	docencia	docencia	PROPN
epaa-229	722	22	económica	económica	PROPN
epaa-229	722	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	722	24	cide	cide	NOUN
epaa-229	722	25	bracho	bracho	NOUN
epaa-229	722	26	dis1.cide.mx	dis1.cide.mx	PROPN
epaa-229	722	27	alejandro	alejandro	PROPN
epaa-229	722	28	canales	canales	PROPN
epaa-229	722	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	722	30	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-229	722	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	722	32	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-229	722	33	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-229	723	1	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-229	723	2	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	723	3	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-229	723	4	canalesa@servidor.unam.mx	canalesa@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-229	723	5	ursula	ursula	PROPN
epaa-229	723	6	casanova	casanova	PROPN
epaa-229	723	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	723	8	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-229	723	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	723	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	724	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-229	724	2	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	724	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	724	4	casanova@asu.edu	casanova@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-229	724	5	josé	josé	PROPN
epaa-229	724	6	contreras	contreras	PROPN
epaa-229	724	7	domingo	domingo	PROPN
epaa-229	724	8	universitat	universitat	PROPN
epaa-229	724	9	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	724	10	barcelona	barcelona	PROPN
epaa-229	724	11	jose.contreras@doe.d5.ub.es	jose.contreras@doe.d5.ub.es	PROPN
epaa-229	724	12	erwin	erwin	PROPN
epaa-229	724	13	epstein	epstein	PROPN
epaa-229	724	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	724	15	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-229	724	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	724	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	725	1	loyola	loyola	PROPN
epaa-229	725	2	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	725	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	725	4	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-229	725	5	eepstein@luc.edu	eepstein@luc.edu	PROPN
epaa-229	726	1	josué	josué	PROPN
epaa-229	726	2	gonzález	gonzález	PROPN
epaa-229	726	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	726	4	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-229	726	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	726	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-229	727	2	state	state	PROPN
epaa-229	727	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	727	4	josue@asu.edu	josue@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-229	727	5	rollin	rollin	PROPN
epaa-229	727	6	kent	kent	PROPN
epaa-229	727	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	8	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-229	727	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	10	departamento	departamento	PROPN
epaa-229	727	11	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	727	12	investigación	investigación	PROPN
epaa-229	727	13	educativa	educativa	PROPN
epaa-229	727	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	15	die	die	VERB
epaa-229	727	16	/	/	SYM
epaa-229	727	17	cinvestav	cinvestav	NOUN
epaa-229	727	18	rkent@gemtel.com.mx	rkent@gemtel.com.mx	PROPN
epaa-229	727	19	kentr@data.net.mx	kentr@data.net.mx	PROPN
epaa-229	727	20	maría	maría	PROPN
epaa-229	727	21	beatriz	beatriz	PROPN
epaa-229	727	22	luce	luce	PROPN
epaa-229	727	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	24	brazil	brazil	PROPN
epaa-229	727	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	26	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-229	727	27	federal	federal	PROPN
epaa-229	727	28	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	727	29	rio	rio	PROPN
epaa-229	727	30	grande	grande	PROPN
epaa-229	727	31	do	do	AUX
epaa-229	727	32	sul	sul	ADJ
epaa-229	727	33	-	-	ADJ
epaa-229	727	34	ufrgs	ufrgs	ADJ
epaa-229	727	35	lucemb@orion.ufrgs.br	lucemb@orion.ufrgs.br	PROPN
epaa-229	727	36	javier	javier	PROPN
epaa-229	727	37	mendoza	mendoza	PROPN
epaa-229	727	38	rojas	rojas	PROPN
epaa-229	727	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	40	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-229	727	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	42	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-229	727	43	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-229	727	44	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-229	727	45	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	727	46	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-229	727	47	javiermr@servidor.unam.mx	javiermr@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-229	727	48	marcela	marcela	PROPN
epaa-229	727	49	mollis	mollis	PROPN
epaa-229	727	50	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	51	argentina	argentina	PROPN
epaa-229	727	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	53	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-229	727	54	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	727	55	buenos	buenos	PROPN
epaa-229	727	56	aires	aires	PROPN
epaa-229	727	57	mmollis@filo.uba.ar	mmollis@filo.uba.ar	PROPN
epaa-229	727	58	humberto	humberto	PROPN
epaa-229	727	59	muñoz	muñoz	PROPN
epaa-229	727	60	garcía	garcía	PROPN
epaa-229	727	61	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	62	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-229	727	63	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	64	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-229	727	65	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-229	727	66	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-229	727	67	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	727	68	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-229	727	69	humberto@servidor.unam.mx	humberto@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-229	727	70	angel	angel	NOUN
epaa-229	727	71	ignacio	ignacio	PROPN
epaa-229	727	72	pérez	pérez	PROPN
epaa-229	727	73	gómez	gómez	PROPN
epaa-229	727	74	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	75	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-229	727	76	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	77	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-229	727	78	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	727	79	málaga	málaga	PROPN
epaa-229	727	80	aiperez@uma.es	aiperez@uma.es	PROPN
epaa-229	727	81	daniel	daniel	PROPN
epaa-229	727	82	schugurensky	schugurensky	PROPN
epaa-229	727	83	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	84	argentina	argentina	PROPN
epaa-229	727	85	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	86	canadá	canadá	NOUN
epaa-229	727	87	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	88	oise	oise	PROPN
epaa-229	727	89	/	/	SYM
epaa-229	727	90	ut	ut	PROPN
epaa-229	727	91	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	92	canada	canada	PROPN
epaa-229	727	93	simon	simon	PROPN
epaa-229	727	94	schwartzman	schwartzman	PROPN
epaa-229	727	95	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	96	brazil	brazil	PROPN
epaa-229	727	97	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	98	american	american	PROPN
epaa-229	727	99	institutes	institutes	PROPN
epaa-229	727	100	for	for	ADP
epaa-229	727	101	resesarch	resesarch	PROPN
epaa-229	727	102	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	103	brazil	brazil	PROPN
epaa-229	727	104	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	105	airbrasil	airbrasil	PROPN
epaa-229	727	106	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	107	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	727	108	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	727	109	29	29	NUM
epaa-229	727	110	dschugurensky@oise.utoronto.ca	dschugurensky@oise.utoronto.ca	PROPN
epaa-229	727	111	simon@airbrasil.org.br	simon@airbrasil.org.br	NOUN
epaa-229	727	112	jurjo	jurjo	PROPN
epaa-229	727	113	torres	torre	VERB
epaa-229	727	114	santomé	santomé	NOUN
epaa-229	727	115	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	116	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-229	727	117	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	727	118	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-229	728	1	de	de	PROPN
epaa-229	728	2	a	a	DET
epaa-229	728	3	coruña	coruña	NOUN
epaa-229	728	4	jurjo@udc.es	jurjo@udc.es	PROPN
epaa-229	728	5	carlos	carlos	PROPN
epaa-229	728	6	alberto	alberto	PROPN
epaa-229	728	7	torres	torres	PROPN
epaa-229	728	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-229	728	9	u.s.a	u.s.a	NOUN
epaa-229	728	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-229	728	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-229	729	1	university	university	PROPN
epaa-229	729	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-229	729	3	california	california	PROPN
epaa-229	729	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-229	729	5	los	los	PROPN
epaa-229	729	6	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-229	729	7	torres@gseisucla.edu	torres@gseisucla.edu	PUNCT