id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
epaa-273	1	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-273	1	2	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-273	1	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	2	1	11	11	NUM
epaa-273	2	2	no	no	NOUN
epaa-273	2	3	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	3	1	45	45	NUM
epaa-273	3	2	wilkerson	wilkerson	PROPN
epaa-273	3	3	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	3	4	lang	lang	PROPN
epaa-273	3	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	3	6	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	3	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	3	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	3	9	pied	pied	ADJ
epaa-273	3	10	pi	pi	NOUN
epaa-273	3	11	...	...	PROPN
epaa-273	3	12	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	3	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	3	14	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	3	15	a	a	DET
epaa-273	3	16	peer	peer	NOUN
epaa-273	3	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	3	18	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-273	3	19	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
epaa-273	3	20	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-273	3	21	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-273	3	22	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	3	23	gene	gene	NOUN
epaa-273	3	24	v	v	ADP
epaa-273	3	25	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-273	3	26	college	college	NOUN
epaa-273	3	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	3	28	education	education	PROPN
epaa-273	3	29	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	3	30	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	3	31	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	3	32	copyright	copyright	NOUN
epaa-273	3	33	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	3	34	retained	retain	VERB
epaa-273	3	35	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	3	36	the	the	DET
epaa-273	3	37	first	first	ADJ
epaa-273	3	38	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	3	39	sole	sole	ADJ
epaa-273	3	40	author	author	NOUN
epaa-273	3	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	3	42	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	3	43	grants	grant	VERB
epaa-273	3	44	right	right	ADV
epaa-273	3	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	3	46	first	first	ADJ
epaa-273	3	47	publication	publication	NOUN
epaa-273	3	48	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	3	49	the	the	DET
epaa-273	3	50	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	3	51	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-273	3	52	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-273	3	53	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-273	3	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	4	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-273	4	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	4	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	4	4	project	project	NOUN
epaa-273	4	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	4	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	4	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	4	8	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-273	4	9	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-273	4	10	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
epaa-273	4	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	5	1	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-273	5	2	appearing	appear	VERB
epaa-273	5	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	5	4	epaa	epaa	NOUN
epaa-273	5	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	5	6	abstracted	abstract	VERB
epaa-273	5	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	5	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	5	9	current	current	ADJ
epaa-273	5	10	index	index	NOUN
epaa-273	5	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	5	12	journals	journal	NOUN
epaa-273	5	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	5	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	5	15	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	5	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	5	17	eric	eric	PROPN
epaa-273	5	18	clearinghouse	clearinghouse	PROPN
epaa-273	5	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	5	20	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	5	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	5	22	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	5	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	5	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	5	25	permanently	permanently	ADV
epaa-273	5	26	archived	archive	VERB
epaa-273	5	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	5	28	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-273	5	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	5	30	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	5	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	6	1	volume	volume	NOUN
epaa-273	6	2	11	11	NUM
epaa-273	6	3	number	number	NOUN
epaa-273	6	4	45	45	NUM
epaa-273	6	5	december	december	PROPN
epaa-273	6	6	3	3	NUM
epaa-273	6	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	6	8	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-273	6	9	issn	issn	PROPN
epaa-273	6	10	1068	1068	NUM
epaa-273	6	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	6	12	2341	2341	NUM
epaa-273	6	13	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	6	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	6	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	6	16	pied	pied	ADJ
epaa-273	6	17	piper	piper	NOUN
epaa-273	6	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	6	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	6	20	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	6	21	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	6	22	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	6	23	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	6	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	6	25	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	6	26	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	6	27	judy	judy	PROPN
epaa-273	6	28	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-273	6	29	wilkerson	wilkerson	PROPN
epaa-273	6	30	william	william	PROPN
epaa-273	6	31	steve	steve	PROPN
epaa-273	6	32	lang	lang	PROPN
epaa-273	6	33	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	6	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	6	35	south	south	PROPN
epaa-273	6	36	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	6	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	6	38	st	st	PROPN
epaa-273	6	39	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	6	40	petersburg	petersburg	PROPN
epaa-273	6	41	citation	citation	PROPN
epaa-273	6	42	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	6	43	wilkerson	wilkerson	PROPN
epaa-273	6	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	6	45	j.r	j.r	PROPN
epaa-273	6	46	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	6	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	6	48	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	6	49	lang	lang	PROPN
epaa-273	6	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	6	51	w.s	w.s	PROPN
epaa-273	6	52	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	7	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	7	2	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-273	7	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	7	4	december	december	PROPN
epaa-273	7	5	3	3	NUM
epaa-273	7	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	7	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	8	1	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	8	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	8	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	8	4	pied	pied	ADJ
epaa-273	8	5	piper	piper	NOUN
epaa-273	8	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	8	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	8	8	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	8	9	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	8	10	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	8	11	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	8	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	8	13	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	8	14	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	8	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	9	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	9	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-273	9	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-273	9	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-273	9	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	9	6	11(45	11(45	NUM
epaa-273	9	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	9	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	10	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-273	10	2	[	[	PUNCT
epaa-273	10	3	date	date	NOUN
epaa-273	10	4	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-273	10	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	10	6	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v11n45/.	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v11n45/.	PROPN
epaa-273	10	7	abstract	abstract	NOUN
epaa-273	10	8	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-273	10	9	about	about	ADV
epaa-273	10	10	90	90	NUM
epaa-273	10	11	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	10	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	10	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-273	10	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	10	15	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-273	10	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	10	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	10	18	departments	department	NOUN
epaa-273	10	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	10	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	10	21	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	10	22	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-273	10	23	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	10	24	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	10	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	10	26	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	10	27	form	form	NOUN
epaa-273	10	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	10	29	another	another	PRON
epaa-273	10	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	10	31	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	10	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	10	33	making	make	VERB
epaa-273	10	34	tools	tool	NOUN
epaa-273	10	35	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	10	36	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	10	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	10	38	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	10	39	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	10	40	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-273	10	41	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	10	42	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	10	43	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	10	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	10	45	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	10	46	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	10	47	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	10	48	ncate	ncate	ADJ
epaa-273	10	49	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-273	10	50	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	10	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	10	52	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	10	53	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	10	54	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	10	55	to	to	PART
epaa-273	10	56	explore	explore	VERB
epaa-273	10	57	the	the	DET
epaa-273	10	58	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	10	59	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	10	60	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	10	61	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	10	62	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	10	63	this	this	DET
epaa-273	10	64	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	10	65	device	device	NOUN
epaa-273	10	66	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	11	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	11	2	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-273	11	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	11	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	11	5	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	11	6	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	11	7	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	11	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	11	9	a	a	DET
epaa-273	11	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	11	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	11	12	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	11	13	context	context	NOUN
epaa-273	11	14	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	11	15	technically	technically	ADV
epaa-273	11	16	testing	test	VERB
epaa-273	11	17	devices	device	NOUN
epaa-273	11	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	11	19	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-273	11	20	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	11	21	to	to	PART
epaa-273	11	22	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-273	11	23	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	11	24	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	11	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	11	26	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	11	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	11	28	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	11	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	11	30	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	11	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	11	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	11	33	absence	absence	NOUN
epaa-273	11	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	11	35	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	11	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	12	1	these	these	DET
epaa-273	12	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	12	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	12	4	along	along	ADP
epaa-273	12	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	12	6	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-273	12	7	law	law	NOUN
epaa-273	12	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	12	9	form	form	VERB
epaa-273	12	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	12	11	cornerstone	cornerstone	NOUN
epaa-273	12	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	12	13	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	12	14	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	12	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	12	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	12	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	12	18	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	12	19	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	12	20	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	12	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	12	22	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	12	23	denied	deny	VERB
epaa-273	12	24	a	a	DET
epaa-273	12	25	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-273	12	26	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	12	27	license	license	NOUN
epaa-273	12	28	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	12	29	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	12	30	the	the	DET
epaa-273	12	31	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	12	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	12	33	the	the	DET
epaa-273	12	34	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	12	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	13	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	13	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-273	13	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-273	13	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	13	5	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	13	6	includes	include	VERB
epaa-273	13	7	a	a	DET
epaa-273	13	8	list	list	NOUN
epaa-273	13	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	13	10	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	13	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	13	12	caveats	caveat	NOUN
epaa-273	13	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	13	14	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	13	15	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	13	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	13	17	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-273	13	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	13	19	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	13	20	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	13	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	13	22	a	a	DET
epaa-273	13	23	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	13	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	13	25	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	13	26	environment	environment	NOUN
epaa-273	13	27	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	13	28	help	help	VERB
epaa-273	13	29	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	13	30	reduce	reduce	VERB
epaa-273	13	31	exposure	exposure	NOUN
epaa-273	13	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	13	33	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-273	13	34	litigation	litigation	NOUN
epaa-273	13	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	14	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	14	2	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	14	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	14	4	panacea	panacea	PROPN
epaa-273	14	5	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	14	6	pandora	pandora	PROPN
epaa-273	14	7	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	14	8	box	box	NOUN
epaa-273	14	9	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	14	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	14	11	both	both	DET
epaa-273	14	12	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-273	14	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	14	14	electronic	electronic	ADJ
epaa-273	14	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	14	16	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	14	17	become	become	VERB
epaa-273	14	18	hot	hot	ADJ
epaa-273	14	19	topics	topic	NOUN
epaa-273	14	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	14	21	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	14	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	14	23	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	14	24	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	14	25	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	14	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	15	1	salzman	salzman	PROPN
epaa-273	15	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	15	3	et	et	PROPN
epaa-273	15	4	al	al	PROPN
epaa-273	15	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	16	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	16	2	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-273	16	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	16	4	report	report	NOUN
epaa-273	16	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	16	6	almost	almost	ADV
epaa-273	16	7	90	90	NUM
epaa-273	16	8	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	16	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	16	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-273	16	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	16	12	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-273	16	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	16	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	16	15	departments	department	NOUN
epaa-273	16	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	16	17	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	16	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	16	19	scde	scde	AUX
epaa-273	16	20	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	16	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	16	22	use	use	VERB
epaa-273	16	23	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	16	24	to	to	PART
epaa-273	16	25	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	16	26	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	16	27	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	16	28	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	16	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	16	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	16	31	almost	almost	ADV
epaa-273	16	32	40	40	NUM
epaa-273	16	33	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	16	34	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	16	35	so	so	ADV
epaa-273	16	36	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	16	37	a	a	DET
epaa-273	16	38	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	16	39	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	16	40	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	16	41	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	16	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	17	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	17	2	our	our	PRON
epaa-273	17	3	own	own	ADJ
epaa-273	17	4	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-273	17	5	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	17	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	17	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	17	8	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	17	9	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-273	17	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	17	11	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	17	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	17	13	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	17	14	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	17	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	17	16	virtually	virtually	ADV
epaa-273	17	17	every	every	DET
epaa-273	17	18	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	17	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	17	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	17	21	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	17	22	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	17	23	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	17	24	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	17	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	17	26	some	some	DET
epaa-273	17	27	way	way	NOUN
epaa-273	17	28	to	to	PART
epaa-273	17	29	help	help	VERB
epaa-273	17	30	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	17	31	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	17	32	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	17	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	17	34	wilkerson	wilkerson	NOUN
epaa-273	17	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	17	36	lang	lang	PROPN
epaa-273	17	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	17	38	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-273	17	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	17	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	18	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	18	2	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-273	18	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	18	4	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	18	5	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-273	18	6	to	to	PART
epaa-273	18	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	18	8	viewed	view	VERB
epaa-273	18	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	18	10	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	18	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	18	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	18	13	panacea	panacea	NOUN
epaa-273	18	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	18	15	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	18	16	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	18	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	19	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	19	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	19	3	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-273	19	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	19	5	go	go	VERB
epaa-273	19	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	19	7	national	national	ADJ
epaa-273	19	8	meetings	meeting	NOUN
epaa-273	19	9	without	without	ADP
epaa-273	19	10	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	19	11	greeted	greet	VERB
epaa-273	19	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	19	13	software	software	NOUN
epaa-273	19	14	professionals	professional	NOUN
epaa-273	19	15	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	19	16	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	19	17	designed	design	VERB
epaa-273	19	18	electronic	electronic	ADJ
epaa-273	19	19	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	19	20	products	product	NOUN
epaa-273	19	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	19	22	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	19	23	claim	claim	VERB
epaa-273	19	24	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	19	25	help	help	VERB
epaa-273	19	26	scde	scde	VERB
epaa-273	19	27	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	19	28	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-273	19	29	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	19	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	19	31	national	national	ADJ
epaa-273	19	32	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	19	33	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	19	34	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-273	19	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	19	36	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	19	37	approval	approval	NOUN
epaa-273	19	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	20	1	yet	yet	ADV
epaa-273	20	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	20	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	20	4	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	20	5	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-273	20	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	20	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	20	8	jury	jury	NOUN
epaa-273	20	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	20	10	still	still	ADV
epaa-273	20	11	out	out	ADV
epaa-273	20	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	21	1	some	some	PRON
epaa-273	21	2	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	21	3	not	not	PART
epaa-273	21	4	yet	yet	ADV
epaa-273	21	5	reached	reach	VERB
epaa-273	21	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	21	7	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-273	21	8	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	21	9	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	21	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	21	11	not	not	PART
epaa-273	21	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	21	13	use	use	VERB
epaa-273	21	14	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	21	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	21	16	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	21	17	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	21	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	22	1	others	other	NOUN
epaa-273	22	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	22	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
epaa-273	22	4	this	this	DET
epaa-273	22	5	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	22	6	having	having	AUX
epaa-273	22	7	determined	determine	VERB
epaa-273	22	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	22	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	22	10	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	22	11	involved	involve	VERB
epaa-273	22	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	22	13	both	both	DET
epaa-273	22	14	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	22	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	22	16	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	22	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	22	18	excessive	excessive	ADJ
epaa-273	22	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	23	1	hence	hence	ADV
epaa-273	23	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	23	3	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	23	4	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	23	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	23	6	need	need	NOUN
epaa-273	23	7	to	to	PART
epaa-273	23	8	clarify	clarify	VERB
epaa-273	23	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	23	10	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	23	11	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	23	12	raised	raise	VERB
epaa-273	23	13	nationwide	nationwide	ADV
epaa-273	23	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	24	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	24	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	24	3	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-273	24	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	24	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	24	6	view	view	VERB
epaa-273	24	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	24	8	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	24	9	movement	movement	NOUN
epaa-273	24	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	24	11	an	an	DET
epaa-273	24	12	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	24	13	impetus	impetus	NOUN
epaa-273	24	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	24	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	24	16	continuing	continue	VERB
epaa-273	24	17	professionalism	professionalism	NOUN
epaa-273	24	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	24	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	24	20	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	24	21	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	24	22	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	24	23	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	24	24	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	24	25	a	a	DET
epaa-273	24	26	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
epaa-273	24	27	to	to	PART
epaa-273	24	28	redesign	redesign	VERB
epaa-273	24	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	24	30	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-273	24	31	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	24	32	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	24	33	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-273	24	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	24	35	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	24	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	24	37	wilkerson	wilkerson	PROPN
epaa-273	24	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	24	39	et	et	PROPN
epaa-273	24	40	al	al	PROPN
epaa-273	24	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	24	42	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-273	24	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	24	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	25	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	25	2	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	25	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	25	4	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
epaa-273	25	5	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-273	25	6	professionals	professional	NOUN
epaa-273	25	7	to	to	PART
epaa-273	25	8	articulate	articulate	VERB
epaa-273	25	9	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	25	10	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	25	11	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-273	25	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	25	13	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	25	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	25	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	25	16	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	25	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	25	18	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-273	25	19	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-273	25	20	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	25	21	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	25	22	so	so	ADV
epaa-273	25	23	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	25	24	sets	set	NOUN
epaa-273	25	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	25	26	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	25	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	26	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	26	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	26	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	26	4	interstate	interstate	ADJ
epaa-273	26	5	new	new	ADJ
epaa-273	26	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	26	7	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	26	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	26	9	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	26	10	consortium	consortium	NOUN
epaa-273	26	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	26	12	intasc	intasc	PROPN
epaa-273	26	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	26	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	26	15	specialty	specialty	NOUN
epaa-273	26	16	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	26	17	associations	association	NOUN
epaa-273	26	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	26	19	spa	spa	NOUN
epaa-273	26	20	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	26	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	26	22	affiliated	affiliate	VERB
epaa-273	26	23	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	26	24	ncate	ncate	ADJ
epaa-273	26	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	26	26	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	26	27	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	26	28	approval	approval	NOUN
epaa-273	26	29	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	26	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	26	31	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	26	32	k-12	k-12	PROPN
epaa-273	26	33	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	26	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	26	35	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-273	26	36	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-273	26	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	26	38	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
epaa-273	26	39	frameworks	framework	NOUN
epaa-273	26	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	27	1	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	27	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	27	3	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	27	4	a	a	DET
epaa-273	27	5	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
epaa-273	27	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	27	7	college	college	NOUN
epaa-273	27	8	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	27	9	to	to	PART
epaa-273	27	10	justify	justify	VERB
epaa-273	27	11	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	27	12	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-273	27	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	27	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	27	15	challenge	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	27	16	to	to	PART
epaa-273	27	17	scde	scde	VERB
epaa-273	27	18	’s	’	NOUN
epaa-273	27	19	to	to	PART
epaa-273	27	20	manage	manage	VERB
epaa-273	27	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	27	22	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	27	23	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	27	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	28	1	ncate	ncate	ADJ
epaa-273	28	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	28	3	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	28	4	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	28	5	require	require	VERB
epaa-273	28	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	28	7	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	28	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	28	9	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-273	28	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	28	11	to	to	PART
epaa-273	28	12	deal	deal	VERB
epaa-273	28	13	adequately	adequately	ADV
epaa-273	28	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	28	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	28	16	complexity	complexity	NOUN
epaa-273	28	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	29	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	29	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	29	3	professionals	professional	NOUN
epaa-273	29	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	29	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	29	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	29	7	frequently	frequently	ADV
epaa-273	29	8	asked	ask	VERB
epaa-273	29	9	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	29	10	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	29	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	29	12	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	29	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	29	14	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	29	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	29	16	an	an	DET
epaa-273	29	17	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	29	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	29	19	safe	safe	ADJ
epaa-273	29	20	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
epaa-273	29	21	to	to	PART
epaa-273	29	22	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	29	23	summative	summative	ADJ
epaa-273	29	24	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	29	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	29	26	a	a	DET
epaa-273	29	27	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	29	28	context	context	NOUN
epaa-273	29	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	30	1	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	30	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	30	3	good	good	ADJ
epaa-273	30	4	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	30	5	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	31	1	our	our	PRON
epaa-273	31	2	answer	answer	NOUN
epaa-273	31	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	31	4	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	31	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	31	6	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	31	7	no	no	INTJ
epaa-273	31	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	31	9	unless	unless	SCONJ
epaa-273	31	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	31	11	contents	content	NOUN
epaa-273	31	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	31	13	rigorously	rigorously	ADV
epaa-273	31	14	controlled	control	VERB
epaa-273	31	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	31	16	systematically	systematically	ADV
epaa-273	31	17	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
epaa-273	31	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	31	19	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	32	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	32	2	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-273	32	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	32	4	scannell	scannell	PROPN
epaa-273	32	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	32	6	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-273	32	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	32	8	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-273	32	9	out	out	ADP
epaa-273	32	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	32	11	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	32	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	32	13	not	not	PART
epaa-273	32	14	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	32	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	32	16	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	32	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	32	18	instead	instead	ADV
epaa-273	32	19	collections	collection	NOUN
epaa-273	32	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	32	21	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	32	22	artifacts	artifact	NOUN
epaa-273	32	23	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	32	24	present	present	ADJ
epaa-273	32	25	examples	example	NOUN
epaa-273	32	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	32	27	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	32	28	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	32	29	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	32	30	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	32	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	33	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	33	2	contents	content	NOUN
epaa-273	33	3	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	33	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	33	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	33	6	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
epaa-273	33	7	individually	individually	ADV
epaa-273	33	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	33	9	part	part	NOUN
epaa-273	33	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	33	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	33	12	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	33	13	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	33	14	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-273	33	15	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	33	16	record	record	NOUN
epaa-273	33	17	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	33	18	a	a	DET
epaa-273	33	19	database	database	NOUN
epaa-273	33	20	format	format	NOUN
epaa-273	33	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	34	1	without	without	ADP
epaa-273	34	2	proper	proper	ADJ
epaa-273	34	3	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-273	34	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	34	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	34	6	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	34	7	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	34	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	34	9	sound	sound	ADJ
epaa-273	34	10	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	34	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	34	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	34	13	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-273	34	14	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	34	15	find	find	VERB
epaa-273	34	16	themselves	themselves	PRON
epaa-273	34	17	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	34	18	a	a	DET
epaa-273	34	19	slippery	slippery	ADJ
epaa-273	34	20	slope	slope	NOUN
epaa-273	34	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	35	1	scde	scde	AUX
epaa-273	35	2	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	35	3	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	35	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	35	5	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	35	6	sure	sure	ADJ
epaa-273	35	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	35	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	35	9	devices	device	NOUN
epaa-273	35	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	35	11	created	create	VERB
epaa-273	35	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	35	13	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	35	14	properly	properly	ADV
epaa-273	35	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	35	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	35	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	35	18	costs	cost	VERB
epaa-273	35	19	money	money	NOUN
epaa-273	35	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	36	1	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
epaa-273	36	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	36	3	scde	scde	PROPN
epaa-273	36	4	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	36	5	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	36	6	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	36	7	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-273	36	8	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	36	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	36	10	face	face	VERB
epaa-273	36	11	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	36	12	complaints	complaint	NOUN
epaa-273	36	13	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	36	14	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	36	15	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	36	16	severe	severe	ADJ
epaa-273	36	17	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-273	36	18	-expensive	-expensive	ADJ
epaa-273	36	19	3	3	NUM
epaa-273	36	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	36	21	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	36	22	trials	trial	NOUN
epaa-273	36	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	36	24	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	36	25	imposed	impose	VERB
epaa-273	36	26	interventions	intervention	NOUN
epaa-273	36	27	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-273	36	28	not	not	PART
epaa-273	36	29	to	to	PART
epaa-273	36	30	mention	mention	VERB
epaa-273	36	31	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-273	36	32	reputation	reputation	NOUN
epaa-273	36	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	37	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	37	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-273	37	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	37	4	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	37	5	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	37	6	department	department	PROPN
epaa-273	37	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	37	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	37	9	has	have	VERB
epaa-273	37	10	an	an	DET
epaa-273	37	11	extensive	extensive	ADJ
epaa-273	37	12	history	history	NOUN
epaa-273	37	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	37	14	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	37	15	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	37	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	37	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	37	18	web	web	NOUN
epaa-273	37	19	site	site	NOUN
epaa-273	37	20	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	38	1	http://www.firn.edu/doe/sas/hsaphome.htm	http://www.firn.edu/doe/sas/hsaphome.htm	X
epaa-273	38	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	39	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	39	2	does	do	AUX
epaa-273	39	3	not	not	PART
epaa-273	39	4	mean	mean	VERB
epaa-273	39	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	39	6	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	39	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	39	8	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-273	39	9	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	39	10	useless	useless	ADJ
epaa-273	39	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	40	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	40	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	40	3	excellent	excellent	ADJ
epaa-273	40	4	tools	tool	NOUN
epaa-273	40	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	40	6	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
epaa-273	40	7	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-273	40	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	40	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	40	10	making	make	VERB
epaa-273	40	11	formative	formative	ADJ
epaa-273	40	12	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	40	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	40	14	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	40	15	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	40	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	40	17	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	40	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	40	19	dispositions	disposition	NOUN
epaa-273	40	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	40	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	40	22	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-273	40	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	41	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	41	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	41	3	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	41	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	41	5	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	41	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	41	7	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	41	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	41	9	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	41	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	41	11	summative	summative	ADJ
epaa-273	41	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	41	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	41	14	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	41	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	41	16	initial	initial	ADJ
epaa-273	41	17	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	41	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	41	19	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-273	41	20	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-273	41	21	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	41	22	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	41	23	established	establish	VERB
epaa-273	41	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	42	1	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-273	42	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	42	3	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-273	42	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	42	5	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-273	42	6	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	42	7	attributes	attribute	NOUN
epaa-273	42	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	42	9	a	a	DET
epaa-273	42	10	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-273	42	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	42	12	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	42	13	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	42	14	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	42	15	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	42	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	42	17	these	these	PRON
epaa-273	42	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	42	19	not	not	PART
epaa-273	42	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	42	21	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	42	22	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	42	23	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	42	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	42	25	initial	initial	ADJ
epaa-273	42	26	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	42	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	43	1	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	43	2	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	43	3	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	43	4	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	43	5	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	43	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	43	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	43	8	determining	determine	VERB
epaa-273	43	9	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	43	10	a	a	DET
epaa-273	43	11	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-273	43	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	43	13	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	43	14	achieved	achieve	VERB
epaa-273	43	15	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	43	16	master	master	NOUN
epaa-273	43	17	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	43	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	43	19	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	43	20	accomplished	accomplished	ADJ
epaa-273	43	21	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	43	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	43	23	status	status	NOUN
epaa-273	43	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	43	25	this	this	DET
epaa-273	43	26	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	43	27	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	43	28	vastly	vastly	ADV
epaa-273	43	29	different	different	ADJ
epaa-273	43	30	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	43	31	the	the	DET
epaa-273	43	32	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	43	33	made	make	VERB
epaa-273	43	34	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	43	35	initial	initial	ADJ
epaa-273	43	36	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	43	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	44	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	44	2	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	44	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	44	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	44	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	44	6	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	44	7	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	44	8	first	first	ADV
epaa-273	44	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	44	10	foremost	foremost	ADV
epaa-273	44	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	44	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	44	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	44	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	44	15	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	44	16	safe	safe	ADJ
epaa-273	44	17	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	44	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	44	19	enter	enter	VERB
epaa-273	44	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	44	21	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-273	44	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	44	23	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	44	24	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	44	25	leave	leave	VERB
epaa-273	44	26	no	no	DET
epaa-273	44	27	child	child	NOUN
epaa-273	44	28	behind	behind	ADP
epaa-273	44	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	44	30	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	45	1	looking	look	VERB
epaa-273	45	2	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	45	3	this	this	DET
epaa-273	45	4	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	45	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	45	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	45	7	different	different	ADJ
epaa-273	45	8	viewpoint	viewpoint	NOUN
epaa-273	45	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	45	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	45	11	medicine	medicine	NOUN
epaa-273	45	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	45	13	society	society	NOUN
epaa-273	45	14	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	45	15	not	not	PART
epaa-273	45	16	dream	dream	VERB
epaa-273	45	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	45	18	allowing	allow	VERB
epaa-273	45	19	physicians	physician	NOUN
epaa-273	45	20	to	to	PART
epaa-273	45	21	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	45	22	licensed	license	VERB
epaa-273	45	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	45	24	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	45	25	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	45	26	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	45	27	own	own	ADJ
epaa-273	45	28	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-273	45	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	45	30	showcased	showcase	VERB
epaa-273	45	31	successes	success	NOUN
epaa-273	45	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	46	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	46	2	recognize	recognize	VERB
epaa-273	46	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	46	4	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	46	5	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	46	6	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-273	46	7	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	46	8	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	46	9	hidden	hide	VERB
epaa-273	46	10	behind	behind	ADP
epaa-273	46	11	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	46	12	selected	select	VERB
epaa-273	46	13	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	46	14	entries	entry	NOUN
epaa-273	46	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	46	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	46	17	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	46	18	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-273	46	19	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	46	20	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-273	46	21	prevent	prevent	VERB
epaa-273	46	22	them	they	PRON
epaa-273	46	23	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	46	24	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	46	25	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	46	26	safe	safe	ADJ
epaa-273	46	27	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	46	28	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
epaa-273	46	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	47	1	medical	medical	ADJ
epaa-273	47	2	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	47	3	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	47	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	47	5	identification	identification	NOUN
epaa-273	47	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	47	7	systematic	systematic	ADJ
epaa-273	47	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	47	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	47	10	a	a	DET
epaa-273	47	11	solid	solid	ADJ
epaa-273	47	12	set	set	NOUN
epaa-273	47	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	47	14	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	47	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	48	1	pilots	pilot	NOUN
epaa-273	48	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	48	3	too	too	ADV
epaa-273	48	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	48	5	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	48	6	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-273	48	7	a	a	DET
epaa-273	48	8	series	series	NOUN
epaa-273	48	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	48	10	carefully	carefully	ADV
epaa-273	48	11	constructed	construct	VERB
epaa-273	48	12	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	48	13	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	48	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	49	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	49	2	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	49	3	not	not	PART
epaa-273	49	4	want	want	VERB
epaa-273	49	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	49	6	fly	fly	VERB
epaa-273	49	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	49	8	an	an	DET
epaa-273	49	9	airplane	airplane	NOUN
epaa-273	49	10	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-273	49	11	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	49	12	forgot	forgot	VERB
epaa-273	49	13	to	to	PART
epaa-273	49	14	measure	measure	VERB
epaa-273	49	15	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	49	16	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	49	17	not	not	PART
epaa-273	49	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	49	19	pilot	pilot	NOUN
epaa-273	49	20	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	49	21	land	land	VERB
epaa-273	49	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	49	23	plane	plane	NOUN
epaa-273	49	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	50	1	landing	landing	NOUN
epaa-273	50	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	50	3	part	part	NOUN
epaa-273	50	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	50	5	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-273	50	6	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-273	50	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	51	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	51	2	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	51	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	51	4	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-273	51	5	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	51	6	allow	allow	VERB
epaa-273	51	7	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	51	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	51	9	choose	choose	VERB
epaa-273	51	10	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	51	11	own	own	ADJ
epaa-273	51	12	artifacts	artifact	NOUN
epaa-273	51	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	51	14	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-273	51	15	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-273	51	16	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	51	17	regard	regard	NOUN
epaa-273	51	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	51	19	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	51	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	51	21	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-273	51	22	to	to	PART
epaa-273	51	23	establish	establish	VERB
epaa-273	51	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	52	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	52	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	52	3	too	too	ADV
epaa-273	52	4	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	52	5	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	52	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	52	7	forms	form	NOUN
epaa-273	52	8	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	52	9	to	to	PART
epaa-273	52	10	establish	establish	VERB
epaa-273	52	11	either	either	DET
epaa-273	52	12	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	52	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	52	14	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	52	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	53	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	53	2	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	53	3	fail	fail	VERB
epaa-273	53	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	53	5	adequately	adequately	ADV
epaa-273	53	6	align	align	VERB
epaa-273	53	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	53	8	artifacts	artifact	NOUN
epaa-273	53	9	selected	select	VERB
epaa-273	53	10	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	53	11	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	53	12	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	53	13	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	53	14	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	53	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	53	16	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	53	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	53	18	define	define	VERB
epaa-273	53	19	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	53	20	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	53	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	53	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	53	23	range	range	NOUN
epaa-273	53	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	53	25	material	material	NOUN
epaa-273	53	26	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	53	27	preclude	preclude	VERB
epaa-273	53	28	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	53	29	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	53	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	53	31	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	53	32	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	53	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	54	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	54	2	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	54	3	fail	fail	VERB
epaa-273	54	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	54	5	assess	assess	VERB
epaa-273	54	6	artifacts	artifact	NOUN
epaa-273	54	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	54	8	solid	solid	ADJ
epaa-273	54	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	54	10	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	54	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	54	12	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	54	13	rubrics	rubric	NOUN
epaa-273	54	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	54	15	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	54	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	54	17	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-273	54	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	54	19	interpret	interpret	VERB
epaa-273	54	20	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	54	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	54	22	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	54	23	mean	mean	VERB
epaa-273	54	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	54	25	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	54	26	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	54	27	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-273	54	28	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	54	29	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	54	30	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	54	31	know	know	VERB
epaa-273	54	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	54	33	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	54	34	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	54	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	54	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	54	37	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-273	54	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	55	1	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	55	2	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	55	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	55	4	like	like	ADP
epaa-273	55	5	all	all	DET
epaa-273	55	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	55	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	55	8	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	55	9	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	55	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	55	11	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	55	12	stand	stand	VERB
epaa-273	55	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	55	14	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	55	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	55	16	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	55	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	55	18	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	55	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	55	20	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	55	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	55	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	55	23	absence	absence	NOUN
epaa-273	55	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	55	25	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	55	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	56	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	56	2	a	a	DET
epaa-273	56	3	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	56	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	56	5	denied	deny	VERB
epaa-273	56	6	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-273	56	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	56	8	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	56	9	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	56	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	56	11	a	a	DET
epaa-273	56	12	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	56	13	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	56	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	56	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	56	16	not	not	PART
epaa-273	56	17	psychometrically	psychometrically	ADV
epaa-273	56	18	sound	sound	ADJ
epaa-273	56	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	56	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	56	21	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	56	22	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	56	23	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-273	56	24	challenge	challenge	VERB
epaa-273	56	25	the	the	DET
epaa-273	56	26	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	56	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	56	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	56	29	the	the	DET
epaa-273	56	30	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	56	31	department	department	NOUN
epaa-273	56	32	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	56	33	approved	approve	VERB
epaa-273	56	34	the	the	DET
epaa-273	56	35	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	56	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	56	37	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	56	38	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	56	39	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	56	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	56	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	56	42	a	a	DET
epaa-273	56	43	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	56	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	56	45	law	law	NOUN
epaa-273	56	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	57	1	this	this	DET
epaa-273	57	2	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	57	3	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	57	4	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	57	5	written	write	VERB
epaa-273	57	6	to	to	PART
epaa-273	57	7	clarify	clarify	VERB
epaa-273	57	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	57	9	above	above	ADJ
epaa-273	57	10	opinions	opinion	NOUN
epaa-273	57	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	57	12	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	57	13	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	57	14	recognize	recognize	VERB
epaa-273	57	15	to	to	PART
epaa-273	57	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	57	17	controversial	controversial	ADJ
epaa-273	57	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	58	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	58	2	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	58	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	58	4	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-273	58	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	58	6	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-273	58	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	58	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	58	9	inter	inter	ADJ
epaa-273	58	10	-	-	VERB
epaa-273	58	11	related	related	ADJ
epaa-273	58	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	59	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	59	2	thorough	thorough	ADJ
epaa-273	59	3	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-273	59	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	59	5	these	these	DET
epaa-273	59	6	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	59	7	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	59	8	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
epaa-273	59	9	detailed	detailed	ADJ
epaa-273	59	10	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-273	59	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	59	12	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-273	59	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	59	14	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	59	15	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	59	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	59	17	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	59	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	59	19	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	59	20	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	59	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	59	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	59	23	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	59	24	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	59	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	59	26	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	59	27	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	59	28	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	59	29	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	59	30	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	59	31	them	they	PRON
epaa-273	59	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	60	1	these	these	PRON
epaa-273	60	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	60	3	inextricably	inextricably	ADV
epaa-273	60	4	linked	link	VERB
epaa-273	60	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	61	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	61	2	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	61	3	properties	property	NOUN
epaa-273	61	4	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	61	5	not	not	PART
epaa-273	61	6	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-273	61	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	61	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	61	9	door	door	NOUN
epaa-273	61	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	61	11	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	61	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	61	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	61	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	61	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	61	16	open	open	ADJ
epaa-273	61	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	62	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	62	2	considering	consider	VERB
epaa-273	62	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	62	4	facts	fact	NOUN
epaa-273	62	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	62	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	62	7	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	62	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	62	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	62	10	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	62	11	then	then	ADV
epaa-273	62	12	rely	rely	VERB
epaa-273	62	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	62	14	4	4	NUM
epaa-273	62	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	62	16	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	62	17	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	62	18	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	62	19	to	to	PART
epaa-273	62	20	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	62	21	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	62	22	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-273	62	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	62	24	infringement	infringement	NOUN
epaa-273	62	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	62	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	62	27	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-273	62	28	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	62	29	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	62	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	63	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	63	2	hope	hope	VERB
epaa-273	63	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	63	4	readers	reader	NOUN
epaa-273	63	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	63	6	this	this	DET
epaa-273	63	7	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	63	8	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	63	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	63	10	better	well	ADV
epaa-273	63	11	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-273	63	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	63	13	decide	decide	VERB
epaa-273	63	14	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	63	15	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	63	16	not	not	PART
epaa-273	63	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	63	18	use	use	VERB
epaa-273	63	19	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	63	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	63	21	a	a	DET
epaa-273	63	22	summative	summative	ADJ
epaa-273	63	23	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	63	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	63	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	63	26	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	63	27	so	so	ADV
epaa-273	63	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	63	29	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	63	30	to	to	PART
epaa-273	63	31	construct	construct	VERB
epaa-273	63	32	the	the	DET
epaa-273	63	33	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	63	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	64	1	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-273	64	2	good	good	ADJ
epaa-273	64	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	64	4	often	often	ADV
epaa-273	64	5	attempt	attempt	VERB
epaa-273	64	6	to	to	PART
epaa-273	64	7	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	64	8	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	64	9	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-273	64	10	through	through	ADP
epaa-273	64	11	some	some	DET
epaa-273	64	12	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	64	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	64	14	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	64	15	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	64	16	happen	happen	VERB
epaa-273	64	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	64	18	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	64	19	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	64	20	present	present	VERB
epaa-273	64	21	a	a	DET
epaa-273	64	22	fictitious	fictitious	ADJ
epaa-273	64	23	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	64	24	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	64	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	64	26	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-273	64	27	beth	beth	PROPN
epaa-273	64	28	joanne	joanne	PROPN
epaa-273	64	29	to	to	PART
epaa-273	64	30	introduce	introduce	VERB
epaa-273	64	31	readers	reader	NOUN
epaa-273	64	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	64	33	the	the	DET
epaa-273	64	34	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	64	35	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	64	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	64	37	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	64	38	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	64	39	discussed	discuss	VERB
epaa-273	64	40	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	64	41	this	this	DET
epaa-273	64	42	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	64	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	65	1	after	after	ADP
epaa-273	65	2	our	our	PRON
epaa-273	65	3	fictitious	fictitious	ADJ
epaa-273	65	4	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	65	5	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	65	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	65	7	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	65	8	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-273	65	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	65	10	roles	role	NOUN
epaa-273	65	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	65	12	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	65	13	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	65	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	65	15	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	65	16	departments	department	NOUN
epaa-273	65	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	65	18	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	65	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	65	20	doe	doe	NOUN
epaa-273	65	21	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	65	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	65	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	65	24	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	65	25	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	65	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	65	27	the	the	DET
epaa-273	65	28	rationale	rationale	NOUN
epaa-273	65	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	65	30	defining	define	VERB
epaa-273	65	31	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	65	32	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	65	33	a	a	DET
epaa-273	65	34	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	65	35	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	65	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	65	37	the	the	DET
epaa-273	65	38	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	65	39	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	65	40	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	65	41	posed	pose	VERB
epaa-273	65	42	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	65	43	regard	regard	NOUN
epaa-273	65	44	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	65	45	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	65	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	65	47	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	65	48	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	65	49	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	65	50	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	65	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	65	52	the	the	DET
epaa-273	65	53	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	65	54	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	65	55	affecting	affect	VERB
epaa-273	65	56	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	65	57	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	65	58	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	65	59	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	65	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	65	61	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	65	62	the	the	DET
epaa-273	65	63	history	history	NOUN
epaa-273	65	64	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	65	65	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	65	66	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	65	67	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	65	68	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	65	69	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	65	70	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	65	71	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	65	72	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	66	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	66	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	66	3	end	end	NOUN
epaa-273	66	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	66	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	66	6	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	66	7	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	66	8	some	some	DET
epaa-273	66	9	caveats	caveat	NOUN
epaa-273	66	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	66	11	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	66	12	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	66	13	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	66	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	66	15	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	66	16	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	66	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	66	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	66	19	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	66	20	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	66	21	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-273	66	22	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	66	23	some	some	DET
epaa-273	66	24	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
epaa-273	66	25	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	66	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	66	27	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	66	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	66	29	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	66	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	66	31	training	training	NOUN
epaa-273	66	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	66	33	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	66	34	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	66	35	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	66	36	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	66	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	67	1	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-273	67	2	beth	beth	PROPN
epaa-273	67	3	joanne	joanne	PROPN
epaa-273	67	4	sues	sues	PROPN
epaa-273	67	5	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	67	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	67	7	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-273	67	8	beth	beth	PROPN
epaa-273	67	9	joanne	joanne	PROPN
epaa-273	67	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	67	11	nicknamed	nickname	VERB
epaa-273	67	12	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	67	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	67	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	67	15	a	a	DET
epaa-273	67	16	fictitious	fictitious	ADJ
epaa-273	67	17	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	67	18	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	67	19	attends	attend	VERB
epaa-273	67	20	xzy	xzy	PROPN
epaa-273	67	21	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	67	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	67	23	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	67	24	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	67	25	located	locate	VERB
epaa-273	67	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	67	27	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	67	28	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-273	67	29	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	67	30	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	67	31	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-273	67	32	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	67	33	certify	certify	VERB
epaa-273	67	34	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	67	35	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	67	36	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-273	67	37	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	67	38	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	67	39	all	all	DET
epaa-273	67	40	12	12	NUM
epaa-273	67	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	67	42	the	the	DET
epaa-273	67	43	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	67	44	educator	educator	NOUN
epaa-273	67	45	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
epaa-273	67	46	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	67	47	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	67	48	feap	feap	ADV
epaa-273	67	49	’s	’s	ADV
epaa-273	67	50	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	67	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	68	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	68	2	feap	feap	PROPN
epaa-273	68	3	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	68	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	68	5	very	very	ADV
epaa-273	68	6	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-273	68	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	68	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	68	9	intasc	intasc	ADJ
epaa-273	68	10	principles	principle	NOUN
epaa-273	68	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	69	1	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	69	2	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	69	3	added	add	VERB
epaa-273	69	4	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	69	5	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	69	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	69	7	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	69	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	69	9	ethics	ethic	NOUN
epaa-273	69	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	69	11	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	69	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	69	13	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	69	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	69	15	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	69	16	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	69	17	embedded	embed	VERB
epaa-273	69	18	within	within	ADP
epaa-273	69	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	69	20	intasc	intasc	ADJ
epaa-273	69	21	principles	principle	NOUN
epaa-273	69	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	70	1	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	70	2	university	university	NOUN
epaa-273	70	3	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	70	4	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	70	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	70	6	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-273	70	7	complete	complete	VERB
epaa-273	70	8	an	an	DET
epaa-273	70	9	electronic	electronic	ADJ
epaa-273	70	10	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	70	11	showcasing	showcase	VERB
epaa-273	70	12	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	70	13	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	70	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	70	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	70	16	feap	feap	NOUN
epaa-273	70	17	’s	’s	NOUN
epaa-273	70	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	71	1	here	here	ADV
epaa-273	71	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	71	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	71	4	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	71	5	facts	fact	NOUN
epaa-273	71	6	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	71	7	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	71	8	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	71	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	71	10	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	71	11	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	71	12	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-273	71	13	beth	beth	PROPN
epaa-273	71	14	joanne	joanne	PROPN
epaa-273	71	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	71	16	35	35	NUM
epaa-273	71	17	years	year	NOUN
epaa-273	71	18	old	old	ADJ
epaa-273	71	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	71	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	71	21	a	a	DET
epaa-273	71	22	single	single	ADJ
epaa-273	71	23	mother	mother	NOUN
epaa-273	71	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	71	25	three	three	NUM
epaa-273	71	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	71	27	works	work	VERB
epaa-273	71	28	20	20	NUM
epaa-273	71	29	hours	hour	NOUN
epaa-273	71	30	a	a	DET
epaa-273	71	31	week	week	NOUN
epaa-273	71	32	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	71	33	tarmart	tarmart	NOUN
epaa-273	71	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	71	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	71	36	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	71	37	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-273	71	38	enrolled	enrol	VERB
epaa-273	71	39	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	71	40	15	15	NUM
epaa-273	71	41	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	71	42	18	18	NUM
epaa-273	71	43	credit	credit	NOUN
epaa-273	71	44	hours	hour	NOUN
epaa-273	71	45	per	per	ADP
epaa-273	71	46	semester	semester	NOUN
epaa-273	71	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	72	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	72	2	wants	want	VERB
epaa-273	72	3	to	to	PART
epaa-273	72	4	get	get	VERB
epaa-273	72	5	her	her	PRON
epaa-273	72	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	72	7	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-273	72	8	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	72	9	quickly	quickly	ADV
epaa-273	72	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	72	11	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-273	72	12	so	so	SCONJ
epaa-273	72	13	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	72	14	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	72	15	leave	leave	VERB
epaa-273	72	16	tarmart	tarmart	NOUN
epaa-273	72	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	73	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	73	2	has	have	VERB
epaa-273	73	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	73	4	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	73	5	gpa	gpa	PROPN
epaa-273	73	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	73	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	73	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	73	9	3.0	3.0	NUM
epaa-273	73	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	73	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	73	12	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	73	13	passed	pass	VERB
epaa-273	73	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	73	15	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	73	16	exam	exam	NOUN
epaa-273	73	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	73	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	73	19	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	73	20	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-273	73	21	completed	complete	VERB
epaa-273	73	22	all	all	DET
epaa-273	73	23	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	73	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	73	25	the	the	DET
epaa-273	73	26	internship	internship	NOUN
epaa-273	73	27	except	except	SCONJ
epaa-273	73	28	the	the	DET
epaa-273	73	29	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	73	30	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	73	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	74	1	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-273	74	2	beth	beth	PROPN
epaa-273	74	3	joanne	joanne	PROPN
epaa-273	74	4	meets	meet	VERB
epaa-273	74	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	74	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	74	7	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	74	8	coordinator	coordinator	NOUN
epaa-273	74	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	74	10	jack	jack	PROPN
epaa-273	74	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	74	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	74	13	challenge	challenge	VERB
epaa-273	74	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	74	15	result	result	NOUN
epaa-273	74	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	74	17	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-273	74	18	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	74	19	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	74	20	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	74	21	given	give	VERB
epaa-273	74	22	a	a	DET
epaa-273	74	23	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	74	24	u	u	NOUN
epaa-273	74	25	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	74	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	74	27	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	74	28	unsatisfactory	unsatisfactory	ADJ
epaa-273	74	29	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	74	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	74	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	74	32	internship	internship	NOUN
epaa-273	74	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	75	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	75	2	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-273	75	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	75	4	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	75	5	u	u	NOUN
epaa-273	75	6	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	75	7	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	75	8	prevent	prevent	VERB
epaa-273	75	9	her	she	PRON
epaa-273	75	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	75	11	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-273	75	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	75	13	receiving	receive	VERB
epaa-273	75	14	her	her	PRON
epaa-273	75	15	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	75	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	75	17	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-273	75	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	76	1	jack	jack	PROPN
epaa-273	76	2	upholds	uphold	VERB
epaa-273	76	3	his	his	PRON
epaa-273	76	4	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	76	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	77	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	77	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	77	3	no	no	DET
epaa-273	77	4	further	further	ADJ
epaa-273	77	5	appeals	appeal	NOUN
epaa-273	77	6	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	77	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	78	1	xyz	xyz	NOUN
epaa-273	78	2	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	78	3	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	78	4	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	78	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	78	6	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	78	7	gpa	gpa	PROPN
epaa-273	78	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	78	9	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-273	78	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	78	11	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	78	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	78	13	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	78	14	exam	exam	NOUN
epaa-273	78	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	78	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	78	17	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-273	78	18	complete	complete	VERB
epaa-273	78	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	78	20	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	78	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	78	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	78	23	final	final	ADJ
epaa-273	78	24	internship	internship	NOUN
epaa-273	78	25	to	to	PART
epaa-273	78	26	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-273	78	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	79	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	79	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	79	3	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-273	79	4	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-273	79	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	79	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	79	7	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	79	8	background	background	NOUN
epaa-273	79	9	check	check	NOUN
epaa-273	79	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	79	11	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	79	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	79	13	awarded	award	VERB
epaa-273	79	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	79	15	five	five	NUM
epaa-273	79	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	79	17	year	year	NOUN
epaa-273	79	18	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	79	19	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-273	79	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	79	21	renewable	renewable	ADJ
epaa-273	79	22	every	every	DET
epaa-273	79	23	five	five	NUM
epaa-273	79	24	years	year	NOUN
epaa-273	79	25	thereafter	thereafter	ADV
epaa-273	79	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	80	1	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	80	2	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	80	3	electronic	electronic	ADJ
epaa-273	80	4	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	80	5	includes	include	VERB
epaa-273	80	6	12	12	NUM
epaa-273	80	7	sections	section	NOUN
epaa-273	80	8	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	80	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	80	10	each	each	DET
epaa-273	80	11	feap	feap	ADJ
epaa-273	80	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	81	1	at	at	ADV
epaa-273	81	2	least	least	ADV
epaa-273	81	3	three	three	NUM
epaa-273	81	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	81	5	five	five	NUM
epaa-273	81	6	pieces	piece	NOUN
epaa-273	81	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	81	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	81	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	81	10	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	81	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	81	12	each	each	DET
epaa-273	81	13	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	81	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	82	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	82	2	same	same	ADJ
epaa-273	82	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	82	4	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	82	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	82	6	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	82	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	82	8	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-273	82	9	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	82	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	83	1	these	these	DET
epaa-273	83	2	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	83	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	83	4	properly	properly	ADV
epaa-273	83	5	documented	document	VERB
epaa-273	83	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	83	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	83	8	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	83	9	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	83	10	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-273	83	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	83	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	83	13	catalog	catalog	NOUN
epaa-273	83	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	83	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	83	16	an	an	DET
epaa-273	83	17	advising	advise	VERB
epaa-273	83	18	sheet	sheet	NOUN
epaa-273	83	19	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-273	83	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	83	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	83	22	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-273	83	23	admission	admission	NOUN
epaa-273	83	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	83	25	the	the	DET
epaa-273	83	26	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	83	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	84	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	84	2	each	each	DET
epaa-273	84	3	piece	piece	NOUN
epaa-273	84	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	84	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	84	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	84	7	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	84	8	reflect	reflect	VERB
epaa-273	84	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	84	10	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	84	11	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	84	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	84	13	linking	link	VERB
epaa-273	84	14	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	84	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	84	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	84	17	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	84	18	feap	feap	NOUN
epaa-273	84	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	85	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	85	2	burden	burden	NOUN
epaa-273	85	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	85	4	proof	proof	NOUN
epaa-273	85	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	85	6	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-273	85	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	85	8	begins	begin	VERB
epaa-273	85	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	85	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	85	11	5	5	NUM
epaa-273	85	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	85	13	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	85	14	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	85	15	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	85	16	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	85	17	either	either	PRON
epaa-273	85	18	concur	concur	VERB
epaa-273	85	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	85	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	85	21	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	85	22	not	not	PART
epaa-273	85	23	concur	concur	VERB
epaa-273	85	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	85	25	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	85	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	85	27	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	85	28	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	85	29	reflection	reflection	NOUN
epaa-273	85	30	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	85	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	85	32	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	85	33	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	85	34	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	85	35	re	re	NOUN
epaa-273	85	36	-	-	NOUN
epaa-273	85	37	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	85	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	85	39	the	the	DET
epaa-273	85	40	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	85	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	86	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-273	86	2	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	86	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	86	4	feap	feap	NOUN
epaa-273	86	5	’s	’s	NOUN
epaa-273	86	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	86	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-273	86	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	86	9	write	write	VERB
epaa-273	86	10	reflection	reflection	NOUN
epaa-273	86	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	86	12	integrated	integrate	VERB
epaa-273	86	13	into	into	ADP
epaa-273	86	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	86	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-273	86	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	87	1	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	87	2	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	87	3	attempted	attempt	VERB
epaa-273	87	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	87	5	complete	complete	VERB
epaa-273	87	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	87	7	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	87	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	87	9	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	87	10	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	87	11	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	87	12	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	87	13	to	to	PART
epaa-273	87	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	87	15	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	87	16	unsatisfactory	unsatisfactory	ADJ
epaa-273	87	17	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	87	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	87	19	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	87	20	separate	separate	ADJ
epaa-273	87	21	occasions	occasion	NOUN
epaa-273	87	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	87	23	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	87	24	sections	section	NOUN
epaa-273	87	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	88	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	88	2	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-273	88	3	to	to	PART
epaa-273	88	4	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	88	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	88	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	88	7	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	88	8	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	88	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	88	10	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	88	11	thinking	thinking	NOUN
epaa-273	88	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	88	13	feap	feap	ADV
epaa-273	88	14	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	88	15	4	4	NUM
epaa-273	88	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	88	17	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	88	18	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	88	19	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	88	20	unable	unable	ADJ
epaa-273	88	21	to	to	PART
epaa-273	88	22	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	88	23	any	any	DET
epaa-273	88	24	examples	example	NOUN
epaa-273	88	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	88	26	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-273	88	27	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	88	28	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	88	29	showing	show	VERB
epaa-273	88	30	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	88	31	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	88	32	had	have	AUX
epaa-273	88	33	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-273	88	34	to	to	PART
epaa-273	88	35	think	think	VERB
epaa-273	88	36	critically	critically	ADV
epaa-273	88	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	88	38	her	her	PRON
epaa-273	88	39	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	88	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	89	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	89	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	89	3	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-273	89	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	89	5	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	89	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	89	7	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	89	8	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	89	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	89	10	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	89	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	89	12	feap	feap	ADV
epaa-273	89	13	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	89	14	12	12	NUM
epaa-273	89	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	89	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	89	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	89	18	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	89	19	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-273	89	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	90	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	90	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	90	3	orientations	orientation	NOUN
epaa-273	90	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	90	5	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	90	6	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	90	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	90	8	beginning	beginning	NOUN
epaa-273	90	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	90	10	each	each	DET
epaa-273	90	11	semester	semester	NOUN
epaa-273	90	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	90	13	train	train	VERB
epaa-273	90	14	them	they	PRON
epaa-273	90	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	90	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	90	17	creation	creation	NOUN
epaa-273	90	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	90	19	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	90	20	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	90	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	91	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	91	2	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	91	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	91	4	distributed	distribute	VERB
epaa-273	91	5	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	91	6	re	re	VERB
epaa-273	91	7	-	-	VERB
epaa-273	91	8	distributed	distribute	VERB
epaa-273	91	9	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	91	10	that	that	DET
epaa-273	91	11	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	91	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	92	1	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	92	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	92	3	trained	train	VERB
epaa-273	92	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	92	5	scoring	score	VERB
epaa-273	92	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	92	7	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	92	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	93	1	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	93	2	advisors	advisor	NOUN
epaa-273	93	3	help	help	VERB
epaa-273	93	4	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	93	5	select	select	VERB
epaa-273	93	6	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	93	7	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-273	93	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	93	9	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
epaa-273	93	10	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	93	11	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	93	12	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	93	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	93	14	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	93	15	to	to	PART
epaa-273	93	16	fix	fix	VERB
epaa-273	93	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	93	18	errors	error	NOUN
epaa-273	93	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	94	1	course	course	NOUN
epaa-273	94	2	syllabi	syllabus	NOUN
epaa-273	94	3	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	94	4	advice	advice	NOUN
epaa-273	94	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	94	6	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	94	7	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	94	8	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	94	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	94	10	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	94	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	94	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	94	13	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	94	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	94	15	linking	link	VERB
epaa-273	94	16	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	94	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	94	18	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	94	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	95	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	95	2	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	95	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	95	4	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-273	95	5	prior	prior	ADV
epaa-273	95	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	95	7	internship	internship	NOUN
epaa-273	95	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	95	9	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	95	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	95	11	end	end	NOUN
epaa-273	95	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	95	13	internship	internship	NOUN
epaa-273	95	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	96	1	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	96	2	uses	use	VERB
epaa-273	96	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	96	4	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-273	96	5	rubric	rubric	NOUN
epaa-273	96	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	96	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	96	8	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	96	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	96	10	asks	ask	VERB
epaa-273	96	11	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	96	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	96	13	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-273	96	14	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	96	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	96	16	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	96	17	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	96	18	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	96	19	each	each	PRON
epaa-273	96	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	96	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	96	22	feap	feap	PROPN
epaa-273	96	23	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	96	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	96	25	selected	select	VERB
epaa-273	96	26	indicators	indicator	NOUN
epaa-273	96	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	96	28	those	those	DET
epaa-273	96	29	feap	feap	PROPN
epaa-273	96	30	’s	’s	NOUN
epaa-273	96	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	97	1	inter	inter	ADJ
epaa-273	97	2	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	97	3	rater	rater	ADJ
epaa-273	97	4	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	97	5	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	97	6	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	97	7	established	establish	VERB
epaa-273	97	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	98	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	98	2	fully	fully	ADV
epaa-273	98	3	equipped	equip	VERB
epaa-273	98	4	computer	computer	NOUN
epaa-273	98	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	98	6	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-273	98	7	lab	lab	NOUN
epaa-273	98	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	98	9	available	available	ADJ
epaa-273	98	10	monday	monday	PROPN
epaa-273	98	11	through	through	ADP
epaa-273	98	12	friday	friday	PROPN
epaa-273	98	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	98	14	8	8	NUM
epaa-273	98	15	am	be	AUX
epaa-273	98	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	98	17	5	5	NUM
epaa-273	98	18	pm	pm	NOUN
epaa-273	98	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	99	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	99	2	following	follow	VERB
epaa-273	99	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	99	4	some	some	DET
epaa-273	99	5	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	99	6	invented	invent	VERB
epaa-273	99	7	to	to	PART
epaa-273	99	8	show	show	VERB
epaa-273	99	9	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	99	10	might	might	AUX
epaa-273	99	11	happen	happen	VERB
epaa-273	99	12	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	99	13	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-273	99	14	beth	beth	PROPN
epaa-273	99	15	joanne	joanne	PROPN
epaa-273	99	16	decides	decide	VERB
epaa-273	99	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	99	18	sue	sue	VERB
epaa-273	99	19	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	99	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	100	1	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	100	2	course	course	NOUN
epaa-273	100	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	100	4	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	100	5	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	100	6	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	100	7	variables	variable	NOUN
epaa-273	100	8	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	100	9	remain	remain	VERB
epaa-273	100	10	unknown	unknown	ADJ
epaa-273	100	11	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-273	100	12	testimony	testimony	NOUN
epaa-273	100	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	100	14	dispositions	disposition	NOUN
epaa-273	100	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	100	16	expertise	expertise	NOUN
epaa-273	100	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	100	18	predispositions	predisposition	NOUN
epaa-273	100	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	100	20	lawyers	lawyer	NOUN
epaa-273	100	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	100	22	judges	judge	NOUN
epaa-273	100	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	100	24	etc	etc	X
epaa-273	100	25	.	.	X
epaa-273	101	1	these	these	DET
epaa-273	101	2	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	101	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	101	4	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-273	101	5	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	101	6	food	food	NOUN
epaa-273	101	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	101	8	thought	thought	NOUN
epaa-273	101	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	102	1	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	102	2	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	102	3	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	102	4	mbj	mbj	NOUN
epaa-273	102	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	102	6	hispanic	hispanic	ADJ
epaa-273	102	7	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	102	8	her	her	PRON
epaa-273	102	9	father	father	NOUN
epaa-273	102	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	102	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	102	12	cuba	cuba	PROPN
epaa-273	102	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	102	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	102	15	her	her	PRON
epaa-273	102	16	last	last	ADJ
epaa-273	102	17	name	name	NOUN
epaa-273	102	18	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	102	19	gonzalez	gonzalez	PROPN
epaa-273	102	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	103	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	103	2	files	file	VERB
epaa-273	103	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	103	4	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	103	5	under	under	ADP
epaa-273	103	6	titles	title	NOUN
epaa-273	103	7	vi	vi	PROPN
epaa-273	103	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	103	9	vii	vii	PROPN
epaa-273	103	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	103	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	103	12	1964	1964	NUM
epaa-273	103	13	civil	civil	ADJ
epaa-273	103	14	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	103	15	act	act	NOUN
epaa-273	103	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	104	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	104	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	104	3	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-273	104	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	104	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	104	6	outlined	outline	VERB
epaa-273	104	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	104	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	104	9	steps	step	NOUN
epaa-273	104	10	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	104	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	104	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	104	13	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	104	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	104	15	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	104	16	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-273	104	17	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	104	18	step	step	NOUN
epaa-273	104	19	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	104	20	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	104	21	xyz	xyz	NOUN
epaa-273	104	22	analyzes	analyze	VERB
epaa-273	104	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	104	24	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	104	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	104	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	104	27	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	104	28	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	104	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	104	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	104	31	a	a	DET
epaa-273	104	32	smaller	small	ADJ
epaa-273	104	33	percentage	percentage	NOUN
epaa-273	104	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	104	35	hispanics	hispanic	NOUN
epaa-273	104	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	104	37	70	70	NUM
epaa-273	104	38	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	104	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	104	40	passed	pass	VERB
epaa-273	104	41	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	104	42	non	non	ADJ
epaa-273	104	43	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	104	44	hispanic	hispanic	ADJ
epaa-273	104	45	caucasians	caucasian	NOUN
epaa-273	104	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	104	47	95	95	NUM
epaa-273	104	48	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	104	49	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	104	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	105	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	105	2	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	105	3	determines	determine	VERB
epaa-273	105	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	105	5	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	105	6	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	105	7	disparate	disparate	ADJ
epaa-273	105	8	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-273	105	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	105	10	minorities	minority	NOUN
epaa-273	105	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	105	12	biased	bias	VERB
epaa-273	105	13	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	105	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	105	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	105	16	this	this	DET
epaa-273	105	17	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	105	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	106	1	step	step	NOUN
epaa-273	106	2	2	2	NUM
epaa-273	106	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	106	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	106	5	burden	burden	NOUN
epaa-273	106	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	106	7	proof	proof	ADJ
epaa-273	106	8	shifts	shift	NOUN
epaa-273	106	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	106	10	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	106	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	107	1	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	107	2	claims	claim	VERB
epaa-273	107	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	107	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	107	5	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	107	6	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	107	7	not	not	PART
epaa-273	107	8	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	107	9	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-273	107	10	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	107	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	107	12	her	her	PRON
epaa-273	107	13	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-273	107	14	to	to	PART
epaa-273	107	15	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-273	107	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	107	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	107	18	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	107	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	107	20	i.e.	i.e.	X
epaa-273	107	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	107	22	to	to	PART
epaa-273	107	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	107	24	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-273	107	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	107	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	108	1	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	108	2	claims	claim	VERB
epaa-273	108	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	108	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	108	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	108	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	108	7	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-273	108	8	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	108	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	108	10	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	108	11	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	108	12	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	108	13	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-273	108	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	108	15	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-273	108	16	response	response	NOUN
epaa-273	108	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	108	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	108	19	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	108	20	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	108	21	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	108	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	108	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	108	24	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	108	25	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	108	26	organized	organize	VERB
epaa-273	108	27	around	around	ADP
epaa-273	108	28	the	the	DET
epaa-273	108	29	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	108	30	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	108	31	feap	feap	PROPN
epaa-273	108	32	’s	’s	PROPN
epaa-273	108	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	109	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	109	2	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	109	3	finds	find	VERB
epaa-273	109	4	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	109	5	follows	follow	VERB
epaa-273	109	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	109	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	109	8	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	109	9	upholds	uphold	VERB
epaa-273	109	10	xyz	xyz	NOUN
epaa-273	109	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	109	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	109	13	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	109	14	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	109	15	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	109	16	thinking	thinking	NOUN
epaa-273	109	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	109	18	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	109	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	109	20	task	task	NOUN
epaa-273	109	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	109	22	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	109	23	to	to	PART
epaa-273	109	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	109	25	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	109	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	109	27	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	109	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	110	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	110	2	judge	judge	NOUN
epaa-273	110	3	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	110	4	opinion	opinion	NOUN
epaa-273	110	5	notes	note	VERB
epaa-273	110	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	110	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	110	8	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	110	9	places	place	VERB
epaa-273	110	10	a	a	DET
epaa-273	110	11	heavy	heavy	ADJ
epaa-273	110	12	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-273	110	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	110	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	110	15	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-273	110	16	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-273	110	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	110	18	impact	impact	VERB
epaa-273	110	19	k-12	k-12	PROPN
epaa-273	110	20	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-273	110	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	110	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	110	23	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	110	24	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	110	25	documented	document	VERB
epaa-273	110	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	110	27	both	both	DET
epaa-273	110	28	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	110	29	statute	statute	NOUN
epaa-273	110	30	6	6	NUM
epaa-273	110	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	110	32	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	110	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	110	34	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	110	35	board	board	NOUN
epaa-273	110	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	110	37	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	110	38	rule	rule	NOUN
epaa-273	110	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	111	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	111	2	k-12	k-12	PROPN
epaa-273	111	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	111	4	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-273	111	5	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	111	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	111	7	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	111	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	111	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	111	10	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	111	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	111	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	111	13	best	good	ADJ
epaa-273	111	14	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	111	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	111	16	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-273	111	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	111	18	within	within	ADP
epaa-273	111	19	an	an	DET
epaa-273	111	20	internship	internship	NOUN
epaa-273	111	21	context	context	NOUN
epaa-273	111	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	112	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	112	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	112	3	an	an	DET
epaa-273	112	4	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	112	5	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-273	112	6	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	112	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	112	8	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	112	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	112	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	112	11	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	112	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	112	13	thereby	thereby	ADV
epaa-273	112	14	establishing	establish	VERB
epaa-273	112	15	some	some	DET
epaa-273	112	16	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	112	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	112	18	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	112	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	113	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	113	2	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	113	3	finds	find	VERB
epaa-273	113	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	113	5	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	113	6	does	do	AUX
epaa-273	113	7	not	not	PART
epaa-273	113	8	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-273	113	9	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	113	10	burden	burden	NOUN
epaa-273	113	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	113	12	proof	proof	NOUN
epaa-273	113	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	113	14	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	113	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	113	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	113	17	several	several	ADJ
epaa-273	113	18	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	113	19	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-273	113	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	114	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	114	2	most	most	ADV
epaa-273	114	3	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-273	114	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	114	5	these	these	PRON
epaa-273	114	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	114	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	114	8	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	114	9	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	114	10	not	not	PART
epaa-273	114	11	show	show	VERB
epaa-273	114	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	114	13	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-273	114	14	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	114	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	114	16	creation	creation	NOUN
epaa-273	114	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	114	18	a	a	DET
epaa-273	114	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	114	20	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	114	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	114	22	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	114	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	114	24	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-273	114	25	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	114	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	114	27	the	the	DET
epaa-273	114	28	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	114	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	114	30	thereby	thereby	ADV
epaa-273	114	31	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-273	114	32	to	to	PART
epaa-273	114	33	establish	establish	VERB
epaa-273	114	34	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	114	35	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	114	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	114	37	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	114	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	115	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-273	115	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-273	115	3	indicates	indicate	VERB
epaa-273	115	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	115	5	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	115	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	115	7	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	115	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	115	9	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	115	10	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN
epaa-273	115	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	115	12	self	self	NOUN
epaa-273	115	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	115	14	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-273	115	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	115	16	showcasing	showcasing	NOUN
epaa-273	115	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	115	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	115	19	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	115	20	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	115	21	eventually	eventually	ADV
epaa-273	115	22	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	115	23	to	to	PART
epaa-273	115	24	create	create	VERB
epaa-273	115	25	a	a	DET
epaa-273	115	26	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	115	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	115	28	national	national	ADJ
epaa-273	115	29	level	level	NOUN
epaa-273	115	30	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	115	31	through	through	ADP
epaa-273	115	32	nbpts	nbpt	NOUN
epaa-273	115	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	115	34	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	115	35	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	115	36	not	not	PART
epaa-273	115	37	a	a	DET
epaa-273	115	38	task	task	NOUN
epaa-273	115	39	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	115	40	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	115	41	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	115	42	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	115	43	her	her	PRON
epaa-273	115	44	k-12	k-12	NOUN
epaa-273	115	45	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	115	46	to	to	PART
epaa-273	115	47	help	help	VERB
epaa-273	115	48	children	child	NOUN
epaa-273	115	49	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-273	115	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	116	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	116	2	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-273	116	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	116	4	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	116	5	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-273	116	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	116	7	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	116	8	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	116	9	not	not	PART
epaa-273	116	10	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	116	11	computers	computer	NOUN
epaa-273	116	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	117	1	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	117	2	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	117	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	117	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	117	5	standard	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	117	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	117	7	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	117	8	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	117	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	117	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	117	11	use	use	VERB
epaa-273	117	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	117	13	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	117	14	within	within	ADP
epaa-273	117	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	117	16	context	context	NOUN
epaa-273	117	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	117	18	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-273	117	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	117	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	117	21	management	management	NOUN
epaa-273	117	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	117	23	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-273	117	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	118	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-273	118	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	118	3	this	this	DET
epaa-273	118	4	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	118	5	does	do	AUX
epaa-273	118	6	not	not	PART
epaa-273	118	7	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-273	118	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	118	9	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	118	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	118	11	representativeness	representativeness	NOUN
epaa-273	118	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	118	13	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-273	118	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	118	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	118	16	12th	12th	ADJ
epaa-273	118	17	accomplished	accomplished	ADJ
epaa-273	118	18	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	118	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	118	20	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	118	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	119	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	119	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	119	3	not	not	PART
epaa-273	119	4	an	an	DET
epaa-273	119	5	authentic	authentic	ADJ
epaa-273	119	6	representation	representation	NOUN
epaa-273	119	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	119	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	119	9	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	119	10	to	to	PART
epaa-273	119	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	119	12	performed	perform	VERB
epaa-273	119	13	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	119	14	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	119	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	119	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	119	17	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	119	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	119	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	119	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	119	21	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-273	119	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	119	23	not	not	PART
epaa-273	119	24	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	119	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	119	26	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	119	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	120	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	120	2	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	120	3	business	business	NOUN
epaa-273	120	4	necessity	necessity	NOUN
epaa-273	120	5	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	120	6	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	120	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	120	8	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	120	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	120	10	not	not	PART
epaa-273	120	11	met	meet	VERB
epaa-273	120	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	121	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	121	2	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	121	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	121	4	finds	find	VERB
epaa-273	121	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	121	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	121	7	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-273	121	8	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	121	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	121	10	not	not	PART
epaa-273	121	11	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-273	121	12	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	121	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	121	14	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	121	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	121	16	three	three	NUM
epaa-273	121	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	121	18	five	five	NUM
epaa-273	121	19	pieces	piece	NOUN
epaa-273	121	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	121	21	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	121	22	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	121	23	not	not	PART
epaa-273	121	24	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	121	25	validated	validate	VERB
epaa-273	121	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	121	27	representativeness	representativeness	ADJ
epaa-273	121	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	121	29	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-273	121	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	121	31	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-273	121	32	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	121	33	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	121	34	any	any	DET
epaa-273	121	35	attempt	attempt	NOUN
epaa-273	121	36	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	121	37	the	the	DET
epaa-273	121	38	part	part	NOUN
epaa-273	121	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	121	40	the	the	DET
epaa-273	121	41	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	121	42	to	to	PART
epaa-273	121	43	look	look	VERB
epaa-273	121	44	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	121	45	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	121	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	121	47	proportionality	proportionality	NOUN
epaa-273	121	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	122	1	some	some	DET
epaa-273	122	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	122	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	122	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	122	5	some	some	DET
epaa-273	122	6	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	122	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	122	8	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	122	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	122	10	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	122	11	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	122	12	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	122	13	others	other	NOUN
epaa-273	122	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	123	1	some	some	PRON
epaa-273	123	2	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	123	3	require	require	VERB
epaa-273	123	4	more	more	ADJ
epaa-273	123	5	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	123	6	less	less	ADJ
epaa-273	123	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	123	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	123	9	cover	cover	VERB
epaa-273	123	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	123	11	depth	depth	NOUN
epaa-273	123	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	123	13	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-273	123	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	123	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	123	16	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	123	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	124	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
epaa-273	124	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	124	3	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	124	4	has	have	VERB
epaa-273	124	5	no	no	DET
epaa-273	124	6	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	124	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	124	8	place	place	NOUN
epaa-273	124	9	to	to	PART
epaa-273	124	10	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	124	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	124	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	124	13	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	124	14	selected	select	VERB
epaa-273	124	15	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	124	16	each	each	DET
epaa-273	124	17	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	124	18	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	124	19	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-273	124	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	124	21	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	124	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	124	23	representativeness	representativeness	NOUN
epaa-273	124	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	124	25	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-273	124	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	124	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	124	28	proportionality	proportionality	NOUN
epaa-273	124	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	124	30	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	124	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	124	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	125	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	125	2	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	125	3	finds	find	VERB
epaa-273	125	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	125	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	125	6	inconsistency	inconsistency	NOUN
epaa-273	125	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	125	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	125	9	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	125	10	contents	content	NOUN
epaa-273	125	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	125	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	125	13	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	125	14	makes	make	VERB
epaa-273	125	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	125	16	validation	validation	NOUN
epaa-273	125	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	125	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	125	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	125	20	virtually	virtually	ADV
epaa-273	125	21	impossible	impossible	ADJ
epaa-273	125	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	126	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	126	2	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	126	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	126	4	finds	find	VERB
epaa-273	126	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	126	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	126	7	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	126	8	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	126	9	not	not	PART
epaa-273	126	10	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	126	11	any	any	DET
epaa-273	126	12	research	research	NOUN
epaa-273	126	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	126	14	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	126	15	techniques	technique	NOUN
epaa-273	126	16	to	to	PART
epaa-273	126	17	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-273	126	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	126	19	cut	cut	NOUN
epaa-273	126	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	126	21	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	126	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	126	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	126	24	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	126	25	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	126	26	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	126	27	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	126	28	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	126	29	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
epaa-273	126	30	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	126	31	to	to	PART
epaa-273	126	32	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
epaa-273	126	33	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	126	34	the	the	DET
epaa-273	126	35	potentially	potentially	ADV
epaa-273	126	36	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-273	126	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	126	38	incompetent	incompetent	ADJ
epaa-273	126	39	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	126	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	127	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	127	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	127	3	no	no	DET
epaa-273	127	4	rational	rational	ADJ
epaa-273	127	5	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	127	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	127	7	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-273	127	8	weighting	weight	VERB
epaa-273	127	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	127	10	items	item	NOUN
epaa-273	127	11	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	127	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	127	13	each	each	DET
epaa-273	127	14	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	127	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	127	16	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	127	17	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	127	18	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	127	19	no	no	DET
epaa-273	127	20	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	127	21	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	127	22	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-273	127	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	127	24	items	item	NOUN
epaa-273	127	25	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-273	127	26	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	127	27	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	127	28	to	to	PART
epaa-273	127	29	candidate	candidate	VERB
epaa-273	127	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	128	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	128	2	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	128	3	finds	find	VERB
epaa-273	128	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	128	5	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-273	128	6	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	128	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	128	8	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	128	9	limited	limit	VERB
epaa-273	128	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	128	11	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-273	128	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	128	13	preponderance	preponderance	NOUN
epaa-273	128	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	128	15	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	128	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	128	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	128	18	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	128	19	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	128	20	extra	extra	ADJ
epaa-273	128	21	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	128	22	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-273	128	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	129	1	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	129	2	did	do	AUX
epaa-273	129	3	not	not	PART
epaa-273	129	4	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	129	5	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	129	6	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	129	7	to	to	PART
epaa-273	129	8	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-273	129	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	129	10	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	129	11	needed	need	VERB
epaa-273	129	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	129	13	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-273	129	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	129	15	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	129	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	129	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	129	18	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	129	19	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	129	20	given	give	VERB
epaa-273	129	21	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-273	129	22	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	129	23	to	to	PART
epaa-273	129	24	remediate	remediate	VERB
epaa-273	129	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	130	1	these	these	PRON
epaa-273	130	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	130	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	130	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	130	5	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	130	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	130	7	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	130	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	130	9	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	130	10	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	130	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	131	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	131	2	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-273	131	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	131	4	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	131	5	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	131	6	able	able	ADJ
epaa-273	131	7	to	to	PART
epaa-273	131	8	document	document	VERB
epaa-273	131	9	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-273	131	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	131	11	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	131	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	131	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	131	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	131	15	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-273	131	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	131	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	131	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	131	19	technological	technological	ADJ
epaa-273	131	20	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	131	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	131	22	building	build	VERB
epaa-273	131	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	131	24	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	131	25	adds	add	VERB
epaa-273	131	26	weight	weight	NOUN
epaa-273	131	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	131	28	this	this	DET
epaa-273	131	29	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	131	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	132	1	finally	finally	ADV
epaa-273	132	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	132	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	132	4	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	132	5	determines	determine	VERB
epaa-273	132	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	132	7	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	132	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	132	9	not	not	PART
epaa-273	132	10	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-273	132	11	to	to	PART
epaa-273	132	12	require	require	VERB
epaa-273	132	13	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	132	14	to	to	PART
epaa-273	132	15	use	use	VERB
epaa-273	132	16	university	university	NOUN
epaa-273	132	17	labs	lab	NOUN
epaa-273	132	18	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	132	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	132	20	only	only	ADV
epaa-273	132	21	available	available	ADJ
epaa-273	132	22	during	during	ADP
epaa-273	132	23	7	7	NUM
epaa-273	132	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	132	25	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	132	26	weekdays	weekday	NOUN
epaa-273	132	27	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	132	28	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	132	29	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	132	30	a	a	DET
epaa-273	132	31	working	work	VERB
epaa-273	132	32	adult	adult	NOUN
epaa-273	132	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	133	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	133	2	impedes	impede	VERB
epaa-273	133	3	her	her	PRON
epaa-273	133	4	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	133	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	133	6	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-273	133	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	133	8	succeed	succeed	VERB
epaa-273	133	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	134	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	134	2	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	134	3	finds	find	VERB
epaa-273	134	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	134	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	134	6	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	134	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	134	8	different	different	ADJ
epaa-273	134	9	pieces	piece	NOUN
epaa-273	134	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	134	11	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	134	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	134	13	different	different	ADJ
epaa-273	134	14	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	134	15	makes	make	VERB
epaa-273	134	16	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	134	17	impossible	impossible	ADJ
epaa-273	134	18	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-273	134	19	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	134	20	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	134	21	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-273	134	22	to	to	PART
epaa-273	134	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	134	24	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-273	134	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	135	1	step	step	NOUN
epaa-273	135	2	3	3	NUM
epaa-273	135	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	135	4	not	not	PART
epaa-273	135	5	applicable	applicable	ADJ
epaa-273	135	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	135	7	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-273	135	8	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	135	9	prevails	prevail	VERB
epaa-273	135	10	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	135	11	step	step	NOUN
epaa-273	135	12	2	2	NUM
epaa-273	135	13	.	.	NOUN
epaa-273	135	14	step	step	NOUN
epaa-273	135	15	3	3	NUM
epaa-273	135	16	addresses	address	NOUN
epaa-273	135	17	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	135	18	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	135	19	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	135	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	135	21	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	135	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	135	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	135	24	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	135	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	135	26	addressed	address	VERB
epaa-273	135	27	below	below	ADP
epaa-273	135	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	135	29	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	135	30	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	135	31	2	2	NUM
epaa-273	135	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	136	1	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	136	2	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	136	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-273	136	4	all	all	PRON
epaa-273	136	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	136	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	136	7	contextual	contextual	ADJ
epaa-273	136	8	elements	element	NOUN
epaa-273	136	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	136	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	136	11	same	same	ADJ
epaa-273	136	12	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	136	13	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	136	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	136	15	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	136	16	does	do	AUX
epaa-273	136	17	not	not	PART
epaa-273	136	18	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	136	19	very	very	ADV
epaa-273	136	20	good	good	ADJ
epaa-273	136	21	lawyers	lawyer	NOUN
epaa-273	136	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	137	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	137	2	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	137	3	not	not	PART
epaa-273	137	4	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	137	5	an	an	DET
epaa-273	137	6	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-273	137	7	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	137	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	137	9	all	all	DET
epaa-273	137	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	137	11	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	137	12	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	137	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	137	14	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	137	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	138	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
epaa-273	138	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	138	3	this	this	DET
epaa-273	138	4	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	138	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	138	6	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	138	7	prevails	prevail	VERB
epaa-273	138	8	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	138	9	step	step	NOUN
epaa-273	138	10	2	2	NUM
epaa-273	138	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	139	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	139	2	trial	trial	NOUN
epaa-273	139	3	moves	move	VERB
epaa-273	139	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	139	5	step	step	VERB
epaa-273	139	6	3	3	NUM
epaa-273	139	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	139	8	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	139	9	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	139	10	prove	prove	VERB
epaa-273	139	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	139	12	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	139	13	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	139	14	denied	deny	VERB
epaa-273	139	15	any	any	DET
epaa-273	139	16	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-273	139	17	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	139	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	140	1	remember	remember	VERB
epaa-273	140	2	jack	jack	PROPN
epaa-273	140	3	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	141	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-273	141	2	did	do	AUX
epaa-273	141	3	not	not	PART
epaa-273	141	4	offer	offer	VERB
epaa-273	141	5	her	she	PRON
epaa-273	141	6	any	any	DET
epaa-273	141	7	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	141	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	142	1	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	142	2	now	now	ADV
epaa-273	142	3	asserts	assert	VERB
epaa-273	142	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	142	5	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	142	6	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	142	7	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	142	8	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	142	9	allowed	allow	VERB
epaa-273	142	10	to	to	PART
epaa-273	142	11	substitute	substitute	VERB
epaa-273	142	12	some	some	DET
epaa-273	142	13	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	142	14	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	142	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	142	16	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	142	17	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	142	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	142	19	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-273	142	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	142	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	142	22	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	142	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	142	24	lessons	lesson	NOUN
epaa-273	142	25	infused	infuse	VERB
epaa-273	142	26	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	142	27	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	142	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	142	29	the	the	DET
epaa-273	142	30	development	development	NOUN
epaa-273	142	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	142	32	an	an	DET
epaa-273	142	33	electronic	electronic	ADJ
epaa-273	142	34	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-273	142	35	book	book	NOUN
epaa-273	142	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	143	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	143	2	this	this	DET
epaa-273	143	3	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	143	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	143	5	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	143	6	prevails	prevail	VERB
epaa-273	143	7	again	again	ADV
epaa-273	143	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	144	1	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	144	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	144	3	unable	unable	ADJ
epaa-273	144	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	144	5	show	show	VERB
epaa-273	144	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	144	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	144	8	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	144	9	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	144	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	144	11	less	less	ADV
epaa-273	144	12	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-273	144	13	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	144	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	144	15	original	original	ADJ
epaa-273	144	16	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	144	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	145	1	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	145	2	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	145	3	3	3	NUM
epaa-273	145	4	all	all	PRON
epaa-273	145	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	145	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	145	7	contextual	contextual	ADJ
epaa-273	145	8	elements	element	NOUN
epaa-273	145	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	145	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	145	11	same	same	ADJ
epaa-273	145	12	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	145	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	145	14	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	145	15	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	145	16	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	145	17	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	145	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	145	19	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	145	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	145	21	non	non	ADJ
epaa-273	145	22	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	145	23	hispanic	hispanic	ADJ
epaa-273	145	24	caucasian	caucasian	NOUN
epaa-273	145	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	146	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-273	146	2	females	female	NOUN
epaa-273	146	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	146	4	a	a	DET
epaa-273	146	5	protected	protected	ADJ
epaa-273	146	6	class	class	NOUN
epaa-273	146	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	146	8	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	146	9	knows	know	VERB
epaa-273	146	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	146	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	146	12	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-273	146	13	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	146	14	not	not	PART
epaa-273	146	15	support	support	VERB
epaa-273	146	16	a	a	DET
epaa-273	146	17	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
epaa-273	146	18	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	146	19	under	under	ADP
epaa-273	146	20	titles	title	NOUN
epaa-273	146	21	vi	vi	PROPN
epaa-273	146	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	146	23	vii	vii	PROPN
epaa-273	146	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	147	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	147	2	does	do	AUX
epaa-273	147	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	147	4	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	147	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	147	6	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	147	7	a	a	DET
epaa-273	147	8	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	147	9	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	147	10	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	147	11	under	under	ADP
epaa-273	147	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	147	13	14th	14th	ADJ
epaa-273	147	14	amendment	amendment	NOUN
epaa-273	147	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	148	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	148	2	asserts	assert	VERB
epaa-273	148	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	148	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	148	5	bachelor	bachelor	NOUN
epaa-273	148	6	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	148	7	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-273	148	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	148	9	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-273	148	10	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	148	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	148	12	a	a	DET
epaa-273	148	13	property	property	NOUN
epaa-273	148	14	right	right	NOUN
epaa-273	148	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	148	16	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	148	17	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	148	18	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	148	19	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	148	20	deprived	deprive	VERB
epaa-273	148	21	without	without	ADP
epaa-273	148	22	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-273	148	23	substantive	substantive	ADJ
epaa-273	148	24	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	148	25	procedural	procedural	ADJ
epaa-273	148	26	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	148	27	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	148	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	149	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	149	2	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	149	3	finds	find	VERB
epaa-273	149	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	149	5	following	following	NOUN
epaa-273	149	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	149	7	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	149	8	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	149	9	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	149	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	149	11	substantive	substantive	ADJ
epaa-273	149	12	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	149	13	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	149	14	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	149	15	abridged	abridge	VERB
epaa-273	149	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	149	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	149	18	same	same	ADJ
epaa-273	149	19	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	149	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	149	21	content	content	ADJ
epaa-273	149	22	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	149	23	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	149	24	described	describe	VERB
epaa-273	149	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	149	26	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	149	27	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	149	28	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	149	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	149	30	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	149	31	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	149	32	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-273	149	33	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-273	149	34	her	she	PRON
epaa-273	149	35	to	to	PART
epaa-273	149	36	prevail	prevail	VERB
epaa-273	149	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	150	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	150	2	procedural	procedural	ADJ
epaa-273	150	3	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	150	4	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	150	5	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	150	6	introduces	introduce	VERB
epaa-273	150	7	new	new	ADJ
epaa-273	150	8	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-273	150	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	150	10	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	150	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	151	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	151	2	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	151	3	finds	find	VERB
epaa-273	151	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	151	5	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	151	6	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	151	7	favor	favor	NOUN
epaa-273	151	8	again	again	ADV
epaa-273	151	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	151	10	procedural	procedural	ADJ
epaa-273	151	11	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	151	12	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	151	13	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	151	14	jack	jack	PROPN
epaa-273	151	15	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	151	16	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	151	17	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	151	18	not	not	PART
epaa-273	151	19	fair	fair	ADJ
epaa-273	151	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	152	1	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	152	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	152	3	given	give	VERB
epaa-273	152	4	no	no	DET
epaa-273	152	5	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	152	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	152	7	no	no	DET
epaa-273	152	8	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	152	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	152	10	an	an	DET
epaa-273	152	11	appeal	appeal	NOUN
epaa-273	152	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	153	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-273	153	2	just	just	ADV
epaa-273	153	3	said	say	VERB
epaa-273	153	4	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	153	5	no	no	INTJ
epaa-273	153	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	153	7	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	154	1	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	154	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	154	3	takes	take	VERB
epaa-273	154	4	no	no	DET
epaa-273	154	5	precautions	precaution	NOUN
epaa-273	154	6	against	against	ADP
epaa-273	154	7	cheating	cheat	VERB
epaa-273	154	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	154	9	has	have	VERB
epaa-273	154	10	no	no	DET
epaa-273	154	11	written	write	VERB
epaa-273	154	12	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-273	154	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	154	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	154	15	assistance	assistance	NOUN
epaa-273	154	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	154	17	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	154	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	154	19	peers	peer	NOUN
epaa-273	154	20	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	154	21	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	154	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	155	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-273	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	155	3	an	an	DET
epaa-273	155	4	unfair	unfair	ADJ
epaa-273	155	5	advantage	advantage	NOUN
epaa-273	155	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	155	7	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-273	155	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	155	9	some	some	DET
epaa-273	155	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	155	11	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	155	12	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	155	13	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-273	155	14	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	155	15	to	to	PART
epaa-273	155	16	revise	revise	VERB
epaa-273	155	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	155	18	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	155	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	155	20	submit	submit	VERB
epaa-273	155	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	155	22	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	155	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	155	24	study	study	VERB
epaa-273	155	25	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	155	26	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	155	27	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	155	28	know	know	VERB
epaa-273	155	29	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	155	30	to	to	PART
epaa-273	155	31	use	use	VERB
epaa-273	155	32	the	the	DET
epaa-273	155	33	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	155	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	155	35	enjoy	enjoy	VERB
epaa-273	155	36	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	155	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	155	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	155	39	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-273	155	40	substantive	substantive	ADJ
epaa-273	155	41	assistance	assistance	NOUN
epaa-273	155	42	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	155	43	others	other	NOUN
epaa-273	155	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	156	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	156	2	above	above	ADJ
epaa-273	156	3	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	156	4	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	156	5	not	not	PART
epaa-273	156	6	address	address	VERB
epaa-273	156	7	all	all	PRON
epaa-273	156	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	156	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	156	10	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-273	156	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	156	12	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	156	13	go	go	VERB
epaa-273	156	14	wrong	wrong	ADJ
epaa-273	156	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	156	16	a	a	DET
epaa-273	156	17	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	156	18	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	156	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	156	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	157	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	157	2	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	157	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	157	4	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	157	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	157	6	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	157	7	some	some	DET
epaa-273	157	8	representative	representative	ADJ
epaa-273	157	9	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	157	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	157	11	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	157	12	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	157	13	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	157	14	happen	happen	VERB
epaa-273	157	15	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	157	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	157	17	role	role	NOUN
epaa-273	157	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	157	19	scdes	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	157	20	continues	continue	VERB
epaa-273	157	21	to	to	PART
epaa-273	157	22	grow	grow	VERB
epaa-273	157	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	157	24	the	the	DET
epaa-273	157	25	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	157	26	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	157	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	158	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	158	2	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	158	3	now	now	ADV
epaa-273	158	4	address	address	VERB
epaa-273	158	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	158	6	contextual	contextual	ADJ
epaa-273	158	7	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-273	158	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	158	9	8	8	NUM
epaa-273	158	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	158	11	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	158	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	158	13	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	158	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	158	15	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	158	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	158	17	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-273	158	18	beth	beth	PROPN
epaa-273	158	19	joanne	joanne	PROPN
epaa-273	158	20	case	case	PROPN
epaa-273	158	21	relevant	relevant	ADJ
epaa-273	158	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	158	23	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	158	24	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	158	25	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	158	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	159	1	contextual	contextual	ADJ
epaa-273	159	2	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-273	159	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	159	4	shifting	shift	VERB
epaa-273	159	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	159	6	burden	burden	NOUN
epaa-273	159	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	159	8	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-273	159	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	159	10	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	159	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	159	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	159	13	late	late	ADJ
epaa-273	159	14	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-273	159	15	’s	’s	NOUN
epaa-273	159	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	159	17	all	all	DET
epaa-273	159	18	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	159	19	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	159	20	adopted	adopt	VERB
epaa-273	159	21	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	159	22	seriously	seriously	ADV
epaa-273	159	23	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-273	159	24	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-273	159	25	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-273	159	26	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-273	159	27	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	159	28	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	159	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	159	30	minimally	minimally	ADV
epaa-273	159	31	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-273	159	32	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	159	33	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	159	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	159	35	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-273	159	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	159	37	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-273	159	38	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-273	159	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	159	40	ccsso	ccsso	PROPN
epaa-273	159	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	159	42	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-273	159	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	159	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	160	1	public	public	ADJ
epaa-273	160	2	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-273	160	3	shifted	shift	VERB
epaa-273	160	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	160	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	160	6	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-273	160	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	160	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	160	9	a	a	DET
epaa-273	160	10	new	new	ADJ
epaa-273	160	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	160	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	160	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	160	14	movement	movement	NOUN
epaa-273	160	15	arose	arise	VERB
epaa-273	160	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	160	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	160	18	south	south	NOUN
epaa-273	160	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	160	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	160	21	1970	1970	NUM
epaa-273	160	22	’s	’s	NOUN
epaa-273	160	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	160	24	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-273	160	25	’s	’s	NOUN
epaa-273	160	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	161	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	161	2	movement	movement	NOUN
epaa-273	161	3	eventually	eventually	ADV
epaa-273	161	4	spread	spread	VERB
epaa-273	161	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	161	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	161	7	rest	rest	NOUN
epaa-273	161	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	161	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	161	10	united	united	PROPN
epaa-273	161	11	states	states	PROPN
epaa-273	161	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	162	1	sireci	sireci	NOUN
epaa-273	162	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	162	3	green	green	ADJ
epaa-273	162	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	162	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	162	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	162	7	identified	identify	VERB
epaa-273	162	8	45	45	NUM
epaa-273	162	9	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	162	10	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	162	11	now	now	ADV
epaa-273	162	12	require	require	VERB
epaa-273	162	13	prospective	prospective	ADJ
epaa-273	162	14	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-273	162	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	162	16	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-273	162	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	162	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	162	19	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-273	162	20	a	a	DET
epaa-273	162	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	162	22	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	162	23	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	162	24	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	162	25	a	a	DET
epaa-273	162	26	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
epaa-273	162	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	162	28	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-273	162	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	163	1	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	163	2	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	163	3	came	come	VERB
epaa-273	163	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	163	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	163	6	variety	variety	NOUN
epaa-273	163	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	163	8	forms	form	NOUN
epaa-273	163	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	163	10	including	include	VERB
epaa-273	163	11	both	both	DET
epaa-273	163	12	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-273	163	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	163	14	pencil	pencil	NOUN
epaa-273	163	15	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	163	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	163	17	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	163	18	observations	observation	NOUN
epaa-273	163	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	163	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	163	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	164	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	164	2	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-273	164	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	164	4	georgia	georgia	PROPN
epaa-273	164	5	became	become	VERB
epaa-273	164	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	164	7	first	first	ADJ
epaa-273	164	8	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	164	9	to	to	PART
epaa-273	164	10	require	require	VERB
epaa-273	164	11	an	an	DET
epaa-273	164	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	164	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	164	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	164	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	164	16	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	164	17	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	164	18	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	164	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	164	20	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	164	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	164	22	beginning	begin	VERB
epaa-273	164	23	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-273	164	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	165	1	georgia	georgia	PROPN
epaa-273	165	2	implemented	implement	VERB
epaa-273	165	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	165	4	three	three	NUM
epaa-273	165	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	165	6	part	part	NOUN
epaa-273	165	7	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	165	8	tool	tool	NOUN
epaa-273	165	9	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	165	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	165	11	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-273	165	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	165	13	a	a	DET
epaa-273	165	14	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-273	165	15	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-273	165	16	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	165	17	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	165	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	166	1	this	this	DET
epaa-273	166	2	tool	tool	NOUN
epaa-273	166	3	included	include	VERB
epaa-273	166	4	a	a	DET
epaa-273	166	5	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	166	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	166	7	lesson	lesson	NOUN
epaa-273	166	8	plans	plan	NOUN
epaa-273	166	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	166	10	an	an	DET
epaa-273	166	11	interview	interview	NOUN
epaa-273	166	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	166	13	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-273	166	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	166	15	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	166	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	166	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	166	18	an	an	DET
epaa-273	166	19	observation	observation	NOUN
epaa-273	166	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	166	21	mcginty	mcginty	PROPN
epaa-273	166	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	166	23	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-273	166	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	166	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	167	1	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	167	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	167	3	too	too	ADV
epaa-273	167	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	167	5	had	have	VERB
epaa-273	167	6	an	an	DET
epaa-273	167	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	167	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	167	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	167	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	167	11	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	167	12	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	167	13	observation	observation	NOUN
epaa-273	167	14	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	167	15	combined	combine	VERB
epaa-273	167	16	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	167	17	a	a	DET
epaa-273	167	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	167	19	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	167	20	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	167	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	168	1	this	this	DET
epaa-273	168	2	observation	observation	NOUN
epaa-273	168	3	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	168	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	168	5	soon	soon	ADV
epaa-273	168	6	adopted	adopt	VERB
epaa-273	168	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	168	8	copied	copy	VERB
epaa-273	168	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	168	10	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	168	11	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	168	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	168	13	including	include	VERB
epaa-273	168	14	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-273	168	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	169	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	169	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	169	3	called	call	VERB
epaa-273	169	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	169	5	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	169	6	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	169	7	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	169	8	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	169	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	169	10	fpms	fpm	NOUN
epaa-273	169	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	169	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	170	1	these	these	DET
epaa-273	170	2	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	170	3	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	170	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	170	5	both	both	DET
epaa-273	170	6	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	170	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	170	8	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	170	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	170	10	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-273	170	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	170	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	170	13	met	meet	VERB
epaa-273	170	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	170	15	some	some	DET
epaa-273	170	16	quick	quick	ADJ
epaa-273	170	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	170	18	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-273	170	19	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	170	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	171	1	among	among	ADP
epaa-273	171	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	171	3	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	171	4	challenged	challenge	VERB
epaa-273	171	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	171	6	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	171	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	171	8	georgia	georgia	PROPN
epaa-273	171	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	171	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	171	11	carolinas	carolinas	PROPN
epaa-273	171	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	171	13	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
epaa-273	171	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	171	15	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-273	171	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	171	17	california	california	PROPN
epaa-273	171	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	171	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	171	20	alabama	alabama	PROPN
epaa-273	171	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	172	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-273	172	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	172	3	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	172	4	opposition	opposition	NOUN
epaa-273	172	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	172	6	testing	test	VERB
epaa-273	172	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	172	8	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	172	9	form	form	NOUN
epaa-273	172	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	172	11	another	another	PRON
epaa-273	172	12	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	172	13	survived	survive	VERB
epaa-273	172	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	173	1	pullin	pullin	PROPN
epaa-273	173	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	173	3	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	173	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	173	5	notes	note	VERB
epaa-273	173	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	173	7	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	173	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	173	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	173	10	unusual	unusual	ADJ
epaa-273	173	11	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	173	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	173	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	173	14	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	173	15	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	173	16	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	173	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	173	18	over	over	ADP
epaa-273	173	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	173	20	past	past	ADJ
epaa-273	173	21	fifty	fifty	NUM
epaa-273	173	22	years	year	NOUN
epaa-273	173	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	173	24	each	each	PRON
epaa-273	173	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	173	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	173	27	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	173	28	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	173	29	delegated	delegate	VERB
epaa-273	173	30	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	173	31	public	public	ADJ
epaa-273	173	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	173	33	private	private	ADJ
epaa-273	173	34	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	173	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	173	36	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-273	173	37	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	173	38	much	much	ADJ
epaa-273	173	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	173	40	the	the	DET
epaa-273	173	41	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-273	173	42	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	173	43	awarding	award	VERB
epaa-273	173	44	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	173	45	credentials	credential	NOUN
epaa-273	173	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	174	1	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	174	2	control	control	VERB
epaa-273	174	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	174	4	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	174	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	174	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	174	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	174	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	174	9	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	174	10	through	through	ADP
epaa-273	174	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	174	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	174	13	's	's	PART
epaa-273	174	14	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
epaa-273	174	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	174	16	approval	approval	NOUN
epaa-273	174	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	174	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	174	19	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	174	20	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-273	174	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	175	1	pullin	pullin	NOUN
epaa-273	175	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	175	3	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	175	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	175	5	asserts	assert	VERB
epaa-273	175	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	175	7	once	once	SCONJ
epaa-273	175	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	175	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	175	10	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	175	11	approved	approve	VERB
epaa-273	175	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	175	13	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-273	175	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	175	15	an	an	DET
epaa-273	175	16	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	175	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	175	18	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	175	19	completion	completion	NOUN
epaa-273	175	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	175	21	tantamount	tantamount	ADJ
epaa-273	175	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	175	23	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	175	24	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-273	175	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	175	26	licensed	license	VERB
epaa-273	175	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	176	1	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
epaa-273	176	2	this	this	DET
epaa-273	176	3	shift	shift	NOUN
epaa-273	176	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	176	5	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-273	176	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	176	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	176	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	176	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	176	10	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-273	176	11	result	result	NOUN
epaa-273	176	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	176	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	176	14	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	176	15	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	176	16	faced	face	VERB
epaa-273	176	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	176	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	176	19	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	176	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	176	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	176	22	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	176	23	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	176	24	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	176	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	177	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	177	2	suggestion	suggestion	NOUN
epaa-273	177	3	here	here	ADV
epaa-273	177	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	177	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	177	6	this	this	DET
epaa-273	177	7	delegation	delegation	NOUN
epaa-273	177	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	177	9	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-273	177	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	177	11	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	177	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	177	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	177	14	public	public	ADJ
epaa-273	177	15	agency	agency	NOUN
epaa-273	177	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	177	17	another	another	PRON
epaa-273	177	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	177	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	177	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	177	21	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	177	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	177	23	public	public	ADJ
epaa-273	177	24	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	177	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	177	26	includes	include	VERB
epaa-273	177	27	a	a	DET
epaa-273	177	28	shift	shift	NOUN
epaa-273	177	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	177	30	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	177	31	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-273	177	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	177	33	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	177	34	liability	liability	NOUN
epaa-273	177	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	178	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	178	2	lee	lee	PROPN
epaa-273	178	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	178	4	owens	owens	PROPN
epaa-273	178	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	178	6	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	178	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	178	8	note	note	NOUN
epaa-273	178	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	178	10	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	178	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	178	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	178	13	greatest	great	ADJ
epaa-273	178	14	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	178	15	faced	face	VERB
epaa-273	178	16	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	178	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	178	18	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	178	19	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	178	20	today	today	NOUN
epaa-273	178	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	178	22	to	to	PART
epaa-273	178	23	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	178	24	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	178	25	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	178	26	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	178	27	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	178	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	178	29	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-273	178	30	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	178	31	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	178	32	the	the	DET
epaa-273	178	33	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	178	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	178	35	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	178	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	178	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	178	38	dispositions	disposition	NOUN
epaa-273	178	39	to	to	PART
epaa-273	178	40	support	support	VERB
epaa-273	178	41	the	the	DET
epaa-273	178	42	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-273	178	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	178	44	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	178	45	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	178	46	being	being	NOUN
epaa-273	178	47	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	178	48	all	all	DET
epaa-273	178	49	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	178	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	179	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	179	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	179	3	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	179	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	179	5	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	179	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	179	7	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-273	179	8	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-273	179	9	beth	beth	PROPN
epaa-273	179	10	joanne	joanne	PROPN
epaa-273	179	11	resides	reside	VERB
epaa-273	179	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	179	13	attends	attend	VERB
epaa-273	179	14	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	179	15	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	179	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	179	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	179	18	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	179	19	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	179	20	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	179	21	characterized	characterize	VERB
epaa-273	179	22	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	179	23	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	179	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	179	25	five	five	NUM
epaa-273	179	26	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	179	27	bellwether	bellwether	NOUN
epaa-273	179	28	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	179	29	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	179	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	179	31	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	179	32	new	new	ADJ
epaa-273	179	33	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-273	179	34	develop	develop	VERB
epaa-273	179	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	179	36	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	179	37	a	a	DET
epaa-273	179	38	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	179	39	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	179	40	change	change	NOUN
epaa-273	179	41	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	179	42	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	179	43	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	179	44	a	a	DET
epaa-273	179	45	history	history	NOUN
epaa-273	179	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	179	47	9	9	NUM
epaa-273	179	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	179	49	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	179	50	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-273	179	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	180	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	180	2	this	this	DET
epaa-273	180	3	vein	vein	NOUN
epaa-273	180	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	180	5	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	180	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	180	7	not	not	PART
epaa-273	180	8	surprising	surprising	ADJ
epaa-273	180	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	180	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	180	11	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	180	12	legislature	legislature	NOUN
epaa-273	180	13	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-273	180	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	180	15	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	180	16	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	180	17	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	180	18	an	an	DET
epaa-273	180	19	enormous	enormous	ADJ
epaa-273	180	20	challenge	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	180	21	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	180	22	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	180	23	representative	representative	ADJ
epaa-273	180	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	180	25	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	180	26	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	180	27	now	now	ADV
epaa-273	180	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	180	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	180	30	the	the	DET
epaa-273	180	31	future	future	NOUN
epaa-273	180	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	181	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	181	2	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	181	3	approval	approval	NOUN
epaa-273	181	4	statute	statute	NOUN
epaa-273	181	5	has	have	VERB
epaa-273	181	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	181	7	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	181	8	intent	intent	NOUN
epaa-273	181	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	181	10	provision	provision	NOUN
epaa-273	181	11	to	to	PART
epaa-273	181	12	scde	scde	VERB
epaa-273	181	13	’s	’s	ADV
epaa-273	181	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	181	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	181	16	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	181	17	freedom	freedom	NOUN
epaa-273	181	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	181	19	innovate	innovate	VERB
epaa-273	181	20	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-273	181	21	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	181	22	held	hold	VERB
epaa-273	181	23	accountable	accountable	ADJ
epaa-273	181	24	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	181	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	181	26	chapter	chapter	NOUN
epaa-273	181	27	1004	1004	NUM
epaa-273	181	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	181	29	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	181	30	statutes	statute	NOUN
epaa-273	181	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	182	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-273	182	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	182	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	182	4	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-273	182	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	182	6	testing	test	VERB
epaa-273	182	7	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	182	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	182	9	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	182	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	182	11	shared	share	VERB
epaa-273	182	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	182	13	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	182	14	like	like	ADP
epaa-273	182	15	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	182	16	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	182	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	182	18	doe	doe	NOUN
epaa-273	182	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	182	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	182	21	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	182	22	’s	’	VERB
epaa-273	182	23	through	through	ADP
epaa-273	182	24	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	182	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	182	26	administered	administer	VERB
epaa-273	182	27	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-273	182	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	182	29	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-273	182	30	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	182	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	182	32	both	both	PRON
epaa-273	182	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	182	34	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	182	35	constitute	constitute	VERB
epaa-273	182	36	a	a	DET
epaa-273	182	37	form	form	NOUN
epaa-273	182	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	182	39	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	182	40	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	182	41	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	182	42	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	182	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	183	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	183	2	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	183	3	caused	cause	VERB
epaa-273	183	4	much	much	ADJ
epaa-273	183	5	consternation	consternation	NOUN
epaa-273	183	6	within	within	ADP
epaa-273	183	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	183	8	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	183	9	’s	’s	ADV
epaa-273	183	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	183	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	183	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	183	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	183	14	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	183	15	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	183	16	wrestle	wrestle	VERB
epaa-273	183	17	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	183	18	tough	tough	ADJ
epaa-273	183	19	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-273	183	20	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	183	21	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	183	22	kinds	kind	NOUN
epaa-273	183	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	183	24	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	183	25	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	183	26	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	183	27	use	use	VERB
epaa-273	183	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	183	29	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	183	30	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	183	31	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	183	32	combine	combine	VERB
epaa-273	183	33	them	they	PRON
epaa-273	183	34	into	into	ADP
epaa-273	183	35	a	a	DET
epaa-273	183	36	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	183	37	leading	lead	VERB
epaa-273	183	38	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	183	39	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-273	183	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	183	41	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	183	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	184	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	184	2	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	184	3	previously	previously	ADV
epaa-273	184	4	noted	note	VERB
epaa-273	184	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	184	6	following	follow	VERB
epaa-273	184	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	184	8	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	184	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	184	10	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	184	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	184	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	184	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	184	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	184	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	184	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	184	17	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	184	18	uses	use	VERB
epaa-273	184	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	184	20	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	184	21	approval	approval	NOUN
epaa-273	184	22	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	184	23	to	to	PART
epaa-273	184	24	hold	hold	VERB
epaa-273	184	25	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	184	26	accountable	accountable	ADJ
epaa-273	184	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	185	1	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	185	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	185	3	serious	serious	ADJ
epaa-273	185	4	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	185	5	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	185	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	186	1	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	186	2	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	186	3	first	first	ADJ
epaa-273	186	4	continued	continue	VERB
epaa-273	186	5	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	186	6	approval	approval	NOUN
epaa-273	186	7	standard	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	186	8	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	186	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	186	10	‘	'	PUNCT
epaa-273	186	11	100	100	NUM
epaa-273	186	12	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	186	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	186	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	186	15	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	186	16	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	186	17	each	each	PRON
epaa-273	186	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	186	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	186	20	12	12	NUM
epaa-273	186	21	accomplished	accomplished	ADJ
epaa-273	186	22	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	186	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	186	24	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-273	187	1	no	no	DET
epaa-273	187	2	wiggle	wiggle	NOUN
epaa-273	187	3	room	room	NOUN
epaa-273	187	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	188	1	this	this	DET
epaa-273	188	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	188	3	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	188	4	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	188	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	188	6	causing	cause	VERB
epaa-273	188	7	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	188	8	throughout	throughout	ADP
epaa-273	188	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	188	10	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	188	11	to	to	PART
epaa-273	188	12	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-273	188	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	188	14	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	188	15	to	to	PART
epaa-273	188	16	operationalize	operationalize	VERB
epaa-273	188	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	188	18	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
epaa-273	188	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	188	20	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-273	188	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	188	22	each	each	PRON
epaa-273	188	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	188	24	the	the	DET
epaa-273	188	25	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	188	26	…	…	PUNCT
epaa-273	188	27	the	the	DET
epaa-273	188	28	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	188	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	188	30	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	188	31	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	188	32	said	say	VERB
epaa-273	188	33	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	188	34	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	188	35	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	188	36	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-273	188	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	188	38	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	188	39	you	you	PRON
epaa-273	188	40	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	188	41	certify	certify	VERB
epaa-273	188	42	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	188	43	your	your	PRON
epaa-273	188	44	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	188	45	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	188	46	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	188	47	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-273	188	48	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	188	49	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	188	50	require	require	VERB
epaa-273	188	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	188	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	188	53	you	you	PRON
epaa-273	188	54	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	188	55	tell	tell	VERB
epaa-273	188	56	us	we	PRON
epaa-273	188	57	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	188	58	you	you	PRON
epaa-273	188	59	know	know	VERB
epaa-273	188	60	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	188	61	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-273	188	62	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	188	63	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	188	64	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-273	188	65	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	189	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	189	2	wilkerson	wilkerson	PROPN
epaa-273	189	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	189	4	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	189	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	189	6	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-273	189	7	2	2	NUM
epaa-273	189	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	189	9	some	some	DET
epaa-273	189	10	readers	reader	NOUN
epaa-273	189	11	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	189	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	189	13	reading	read	VERB
epaa-273	189	14	this	this	DET
epaa-273	189	15	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	189	16	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	189	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	189	18	perspective	perspective	NOUN
epaa-273	189	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	189	20	preparing	prepare	VERB
epaa-273	189	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	189	22	ncate	ncate	ADJ
epaa-273	189	23	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-273	189	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	189	25	a	a	DET
epaa-273	189	26	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	189	27	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	189	28	does	do	AUX
epaa-273	189	29	not	not	PART
epaa-273	189	30	require	require	VERB
epaa-273	189	31	the	the	DET
epaa-273	189	32	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	189	33	to	to	PART
epaa-273	189	34	participate	participate	VERB
epaa-273	189	35	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	189	36	the	the	DET
epaa-273	189	37	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	189	38	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	189	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	190	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	190	2	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	190	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	190	4	noted	note	VERB
epaa-273	190	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	190	6	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	190	7	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	190	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	190	9	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-273	190	10	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	190	11	meeting	meet	VERB
epaa-273	190	12	national	national	ADJ
epaa-273	190	13	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-273	190	14	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	190	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	190	16	assure	assure	VERB
epaa-273	190	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	190	18	public	public	NOUN
epaa-273	190	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	190	20	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-273	190	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	190	22	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	190	23	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-273	190	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	190	25	issuing	issue	VERB
epaa-273	190	26	a	a	DET
epaa-273	190	27	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-273	190	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	190	29	license	license	NOUN
epaa-273	190	30	to	to	PART
epaa-273	190	31	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-273	190	32	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	190	33	assures	assure	VERB
epaa-273	190	34	the	the	DET
epaa-273	190	35	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-273	190	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	190	37	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	190	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	191	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	191	2	major	major	ADJ
epaa-273	191	3	premise	premise	NOUN
epaa-273	191	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	191	5	this	this	DET
epaa-273	191	6	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	191	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	191	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	191	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	191	10	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	191	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	191	12	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	191	13	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	191	14	to	to	PART
epaa-273	191	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	191	16	applied	apply	VERB
epaa-273	191	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	191	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	191	19	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	191	20	differ	differ	VERB
epaa-273	191	21	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	191	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	191	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	191	24	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	191	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	191	26	mission	mission	NOUN
epaa-273	191	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	191	28	the	the	DET
epaa-273	191	29	agency	agency	NOUN
epaa-273	191	30	to	to	PART
epaa-273	191	31	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	191	32	the	the	DET
epaa-273	191	33	unit	unit	NOUN
epaa-273	191	34	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	191	35	responding	respond	VERB
epaa-273	191	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	192	1	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	192	2	does	do	AUX
epaa-273	192	3	not	not	PART
epaa-273	192	4	mean	mean	VERB
epaa-273	192	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	192	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	192	7	unit	unit	NOUN
epaa-273	192	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	192	9	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	192	10	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	192	11	not	not	PART
epaa-273	192	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	192	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	192	14	same	same	ADJ
epaa-273	192	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	192	16	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	192	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	192	18	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	192	19	stringent	stringent	ADJ
epaa-273	192	20	needs	need	NOUN
epaa-273	192	21	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	192	22	prevail	prevail	VERB
epaa-273	192	23	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	192	24	the	the	DET
epaa-273	192	25	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	192	26	wants	want	VERB
epaa-273	192	27	to	to	PART
epaa-273	192	28	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	192	29	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	192	30	safe	safe	ADJ
epaa-273	192	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	192	32	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	193	1	ncate	ncate	PROPN
epaa-273	193	2	allows	allow	VERB
epaa-273	193	3	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	193	4	’s	’s	X
epaa-273	193	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	193	6	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	193	7	work	work	VERB
epaa-273	193	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	193	9	establish	establish	VERB
epaa-273	193	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	193	11	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	193	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	193	13	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
epaa-273	193	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	193	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	193	16	consistency	consistency	NOUN
epaa-273	193	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	193	18	…	…	PUNCT
epaa-273	193	19	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	193	20	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	193	21	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	193	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	193	23	ncate	ncate	ADJ
epaa-273	193	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	193	25	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	193	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	193	27	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-273	193	28	21	21	NUM
epaa-273	193	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	193	30	to	to	PART
epaa-273	193	31	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-273	193	32	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-273	193	33	2	2	NUM
epaa-273	193	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	194	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	194	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	194	3	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	194	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	194	5	offering	offer	VERB
epaa-273	194	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	194	7	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-273	194	8	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	194	9	leads	lead	VERB
epaa-273	194	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	194	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	194	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	194	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	194	14	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	194	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	194	16	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	194	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	194	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	194	19	standard	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	194	20	to	to	PART
epaa-273	194	21	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	194	22	applied	apply	VERB
epaa-273	194	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	194	24	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-273	194	25	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-273	194	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	195	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	195	2	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	195	3	becomes	become	VERB
epaa-273	195	4	both	both	PRON
epaa-273	195	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	195	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	195	7	designer	designer	NOUN
epaa-273	195	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	195	9	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	195	10	consumer	consumer	NOUN
epaa-273	195	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	196	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	196	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	196	3	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	196	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	196	5	word	word	NOUN
epaa-273	196	6	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	196	7	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	196	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	196	9	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	197	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	197	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	197	3	now	now	ADV
epaa-273	197	4	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	197	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	197	6	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-273	197	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	197	8	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-273	197	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	197	10	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	197	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	197	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	197	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	198	1	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	198	2	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	198	3	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	198	4	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	198	5	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	198	6	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	198	7	according	accord	VERB
epaa-273	198	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	198	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	198	10	definition	definition	NOUN
epaa-273	198	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	198	12	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	198	13	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	198	14	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	198	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	198	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	198	17	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	198	18	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	198	19	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	198	20	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	198	21	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	198	22	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	198	23	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	198	24	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	198	25	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	198	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	198	27	psychological	psychological	ADJ
epaa-273	198	28	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	198	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	198	30	forms	form	NOUN
epaa-273	198	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	198	32	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	198	33	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	198	34	include	include	VERB
epaa-273	198	35	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-273	198	36	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-273	198	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	198	38	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-273	198	39	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	198	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	198	41	written	write	VERB
epaa-273	198	42	essays	essay	NOUN
epaa-273	198	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	198	44	oral	oral	ADJ
epaa-273	198	45	examinations	examination	NOUN
epaa-273	198	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	198	47	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	198	48	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	198	49	elaborate	elaborate	ADJ
epaa-273	198	50	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	198	51	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	198	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	199	1	hence	hence	ADV
epaa-273	199	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	199	3	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	199	4	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	199	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	199	6	composed	compose	VERB
epaa-273	199	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	199	8	written	write	VERB
epaa-273	199	9	reflections	reflection	NOUN
epaa-273	199	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	199	11	a	a	DET
epaa-273	199	12	form	form	NOUN
epaa-273	199	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	199	14	an	an	DET
epaa-273	199	15	essay	essay	NOUN
epaa-273	199	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	199	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	199	18	products	product	NOUN
epaa-273	199	19	representative	representative	NOUN
epaa-273	199	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	199	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	199	22	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	199	23	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	199	24	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	199	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	199	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	199	27	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	199	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	199	29	fall	fall	VERB
epaa-273	199	30	under	under	ADP
epaa-273	199	31	a	a	DET
epaa-273	199	32	professionally	professionally	ADV
epaa-273	199	33	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
epaa-273	199	34	definition	definition	NOUN
epaa-273	199	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	199	36	10	10	NUM
epaa-273	199	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	199	38	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	199	39	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	199	40	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	199	41	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	199	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	200	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	200	2	another	another	DET
epaa-273	200	3	level	level	NOUN
epaa-273	200	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	200	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	200	6	her	her	PRON
epaa-273	200	7	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	200	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-273	200	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	200	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	200	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	200	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	200	13	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	200	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	200	15	pullin	pullin	PROPN
epaa-273	200	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	200	17	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	200	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	200	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	200	20	too	too	ADV
epaa-273	200	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	200	22	lumps	lump	VERB
epaa-273	200	23	together	together	ADV
epaa-273	200	24	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-273	200	25	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	200	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	200	27	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-273	200	28	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	200	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	201	1	finally	finally	ADV
epaa-273	201	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	201	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	201	4	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	201	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	201	6	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	201	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	201	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	201	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	201	10	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	201	11	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	201	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	201	13	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	201	14	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	201	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	201	16	georgia	georgia	PROPN
epaa-273	201	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	201	18	vermont	vermont	PROPN
epaa-273	201	19	lend	lend	VERB
epaa-273	201	20	further	further	ADJ
epaa-273	201	21	credibility	credibility	NOUN
epaa-273	201	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	201	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	201	24	classification	classification	NOUN
epaa-273	201	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	201	26	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	201	27	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	201	28	a	a	DET
epaa-273	201	29	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	201	30	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	201	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	201	32	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	202	1	hence	hence	ADV
epaa-273	202	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	202	3	even	even	ADV
epaa-273	202	4	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	202	5	one	one	PRON
epaa-273	202	6	does	do	AUX
epaa-273	202	7	not	not	PART
epaa-273	202	8	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-273	202	9	think	think	VERB
epaa-273	202	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	202	11	a	a	DET
epaa-273	202	12	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	202	13	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	202	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	202	15	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	202	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	202	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	202	18	classification	classification	NOUN
epaa-273	202	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	202	20	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	202	21	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	202	22	a	a	DET
epaa-273	202	23	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	202	24	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	202	25	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	202	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	203	1	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-273	203	2	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	203	3	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	203	4	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	203	5	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
epaa-273	203	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	203	7	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	203	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	203	9	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	203	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	203	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	203	12	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	203	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	203	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	203	15	a	a	DET
epaa-273	203	16	working	work	VERB
epaa-273	203	17	definition	definition	NOUN
epaa-273	203	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	203	19	this	this	DET
epaa-273	203	20	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	203	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	203	22	needed	need	VERB
epaa-273	203	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	204	1	this	this	DET
epaa-273	204	2	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	204	3	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	204	4	use	use	VERB
epaa-273	204	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	204	6	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	204	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	204	8	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-273	204	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	204	10	et	et	PROPN
epaa-273	204	11	al	al	PROPN
epaa-273	204	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	204	13	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-273	204	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	204	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	204	16	describes	describe	VERB
epaa-273	204	17	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	204	18	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	204	19	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	204	20	a	a	DET
epaa-273	204	21	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	204	22	strategy	strategy	NOUN
epaa-273	204	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	204	24	creating	create	VERB
epaa-273	204	25	a	a	DET
epaa-273	204	26	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	204	27	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	204	28	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	204	29	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	204	30	includes	include	VERB
epaa-273	204	31	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-273	204	32	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	204	33	taken	take	VERB
epaa-273	204	34	over	over	ADP
epaa-273	204	35	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	204	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	205	1	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	205	2	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	205	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	205	4	advantage	advantage	NOUN
epaa-273	205	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	205	6	containing	contain	VERB
epaa-273	205	7	several	several	ADJ
epaa-273	205	8	samples	sample	NOUN
epaa-273	205	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	205	10	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	205	11	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	205	12	assembled	assemble	VERB
epaa-273	205	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	205	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	205	15	purposeful	purposeful	ADJ
epaa-273	205	16	manner	manner	NOUN
epaa-273	205	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	206	1	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	206	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	206	3	conceived	conceive	VERB
epaa-273	206	4	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	206	5	include	include	VERB
epaa-273	206	6	pieces	piece	NOUN
epaa-273	206	7	representing	represent	VERB
epaa-273	206	8	both	both	DET
epaa-273	206	9	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	206	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	206	11	progress	progress	NOUN
epaa-273	206	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	206	13	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	206	14	showpiece	showpiece	NOUN
epaa-273	206	15	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	206	16	samples	sample	NOUN
epaa-273	206	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	206	18	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	206	19	reflection	reflection	NOUN
epaa-273	206	20	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	206	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	206	22	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	206	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	206	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	206	25	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	206	26	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	206	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	206	28	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	207	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	207	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-273	207	3	120	120	NUM
epaa-273	207	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	207	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	208	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	208	2	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	208	3	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	208	4	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	208	5	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	208	6	not	not	PART
epaa-273	208	7	someone	someone	PRON
epaa-273	208	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	208	9	allowed	allow	VERB
epaa-273	208	10	to	to	PART
epaa-273	208	11	enter	enter	VERB
epaa-273	208	12	into	into	ADP
epaa-273	208	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	208	14	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	208	15	remain	remain	VERB
epaa-273	208	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	208	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	208	18	a	a	DET
epaa-273	208	19	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-273	208	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	208	21	occupation	occupation	NOUN
epaa-273	208	22	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	208	23	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	208	24	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	208	25	commonly	commonly	ADV
epaa-273	208	26	called	call	VERB
epaa-273	208	27	a	a	DET
epaa-273	208	28	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	208	29	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	208	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	208	31	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	208	32	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	208	33	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	208	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	209	1	mehrens	mehren	NOUN
epaa-273	209	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	209	3	popham	popham	PROPN
epaa-273	209	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	209	5	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-273	209	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	209	7	define	define	VERB
epaa-273	209	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	209	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	209	10	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	209	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	209	12	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	209	13	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	209	14	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	209	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	209	16	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	209	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	209	18	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	209	19	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	209	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	209	21	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-273	209	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	209	23	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	209	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	209	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	209	26	a	a	DET
epaa-273	209	27	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	209	28	school	school	NOUN
epaa-273	209	29	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-273	209	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	210	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	210	2	warn	warn	VERB
epaa-273	210	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	210	4	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	210	5	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	210	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	210	7	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	210	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	210	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	210	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	210	11	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	210	12	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	210	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	210	14	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	210	15	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	210	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	210	17	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-273	210	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	210	19	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	210	20	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
epaa-273	210	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	211	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	211	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	211	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	211	4	strong	strong	ADJ
epaa-273	211	5	possibility	possibility	NOUN
epaa-273	211	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	211	7	individuals	individual	NOUN
epaa-273	211	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	211	9	whom	whom	PRON
epaa-273	211	10	an	an	DET
epaa-273	211	11	unfavorable	unfavorable	ADJ
epaa-273	211	12	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	211	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	211	14	made	make	VERB
epaa-273	211	15	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	211	16	bring	bring	VERB
epaa-273	211	17	a	a	DET
epaa-273	211	18	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	211	19	suit	suit	NOUN
epaa-273	211	20	against	against	ADP
epaa-273	211	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	211	22	developer	developer	NOUN
epaa-273	211	23	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-273	211	24	user	user	NOUN
epaa-273	211	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	211	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	211	27	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	211	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	212	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	212	2	go	go	VERB
epaa-273	212	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	212	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	212	5	note	note	VERB
epaa-273	212	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	212	7	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	212	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	212	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	212	10	existing	exist	VERB
epaa-273	212	11	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	212	12	law	law	NOUN
epaa-273	212	13	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-273	212	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	212	15	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	212	16	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	212	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	212	18	constructed	construct	VERB
epaa-273	212	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	212	20	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	212	21	according	accord	VERB
epaa-273	212	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	212	23	existing	exist	VERB
epaa-273	212	24	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	212	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	212	26	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	212	27	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	212	28	withstand	withstand	VERB
epaa-273	212	29	that	that	DET
epaa-273	212	30	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
epaa-273	212	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	213	1	given	give	VERB
epaa-273	213	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	213	3	definition	definition	NOUN
epaa-273	213	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	213	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	213	6	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	213	7	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	213	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	213	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	213	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	213	11	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	213	12	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	213	13	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	213	14	serves	serve	VERB
epaa-273	213	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	213	16	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	213	17	least	least	ADJ
epaa-273	213	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	213	19	part	part	NOUN
epaa-273	213	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	213	21	to	to	PART
epaa-273	213	22	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	213	23	a	a	DET
epaa-273	213	24	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	213	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	213	26	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	213	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	213	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	213	29	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-273	213	30	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	213	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	213	32	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	213	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	213	34	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	213	35	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	213	36	apply	apply	VERB
epaa-273	213	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	214	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	214	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	214	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	214	4	true	true	ADJ
epaa-273	214	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	214	6	any	any	DET
epaa-273	214	7	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	214	8	device	device	NOUN
epaa-273	214	9	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	214	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	214	11	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	214	12	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	214	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	214	14	regardless	regardless	ADV
epaa-273	214	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	214	16	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	214	17	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	214	18	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	214	19	authored	author	VERB
epaa-273	214	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	214	21	a	a	DET
epaa-273	214	22	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	214	23	company	company	NOUN
epaa-273	214	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	214	25	a	a	DET
epaa-273	214	26	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	214	27	agency	agency	NOUN
epaa-273	214	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	214	29	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	214	30	an	an	DET
epaa-273	214	31	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	214	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	215	1	herman	herman	NOUN
epaa-273	215	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	215	3	et	et	PROPN
epaa-273	215	4	al	al	PROPN
epaa-273	215	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	215	6	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-273	215	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	215	8	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-273	215	9	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	215	10	definition	definition	NOUN
epaa-273	215	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	215	12	a	a	DET
epaa-273	215	13	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	215	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	215	15	some	some	DET
epaa-273	215	16	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-273	215	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	215	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	215	19	arter	arter	NOUN
epaa-273	215	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	215	21	spandel	spandel	NOUN
epaa-273	215	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	215	23	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-273	215	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	215	25	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	215	26	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	215	27	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	215	28	kept	keep	VERB
epaa-273	215	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	215	30	mind	mind	NOUN
epaa-273	215	31	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	215	32	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	215	33	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	215	34	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	215	35	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	215	36	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
epaa-273	215	37	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	215	38	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-273	215	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	216	1	these	these	DET
epaa-273	216	2	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-273	216	3	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-273	216	4	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	216	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	216	6	useful	useful	ADJ
epaa-273	216	7	introduction	introduction	NOUN
epaa-273	216	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	216	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	216	10	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	216	11	technically	technically	ADV
epaa-273	216	12	stated	state	VERB
epaa-273	216	13	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	216	14	to	to	PART
epaa-273	216	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	216	16	raised	raise	VERB
epaa-273	216	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	216	18	this	this	DET
epaa-273	216	19	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	216	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	217	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	217	2	six	six	NUM
epaa-273	217	3	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-273	217	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	217	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	217	6	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-273	217	7	200	200	NUM
epaa-273	217	8	):	):	PUNCT
epaa-273	217	9	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	217	10	representative	representative	NOUN
epaa-273	217	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	217	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	217	13	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	217	14	included	include	VERB
epaa-273	217	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	217	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	217	17	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	217	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	217	19	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	217	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	217	21	really	really	ADV
epaa-273	217	22	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	217	23	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	217	24	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	218	1	1	1	X
epaa-273	218	2	.	.	X
epaa-273	218	3	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	218	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	218	5	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	218	6	pieces	piece	NOUN
epaa-273	218	7	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-273	218	8	coached	coached	ADJ
epaa-273	218	9	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	218	10	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	219	1	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-273	219	2	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	219	3	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	220	1	group	group	NOUN
epaa-273	220	2	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	220	3	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	221	1	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	221	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	221	3	identified	identify	VERB
epaa-273	221	4	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	221	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	221	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	221	7	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-273	221	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	221	9	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	221	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	221	11	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-273	221	12	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	222	1	2	2	X
epaa-273	222	2	.	.	X
epaa-273	222	3	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	222	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	222	5	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	222	6	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	222	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	222	8	each	each	DET
epaa-273	222	9	piece	piece	NOUN
epaa-273	222	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	222	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	222	12	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	222	13	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	222	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	222	15	whole	whole	NOUN
epaa-273	222	16	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-273	222	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	222	18	most	most	ADV
epaa-273	222	19	relevant	relevant	ADJ
epaa-273	222	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	222	21	useful	useful	ADJ
epaa-273	222	22	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
epaa-273	222	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	222	24	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	222	25	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	222	26	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	223	1	3	3	X
epaa-273	223	2	.	.	X
epaa-273	224	1	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	224	2	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	224	3	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	224	4	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	224	5	pieces	piece	NOUN
epaa-273	224	6	match	match	VERB
epaa-273	224	7	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	224	8	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-273	224	9	targets	target	NOUN
epaa-273	224	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	224	11	authentic	authentic	ADJ
epaa-273	224	12	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	224	13	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	225	1	4	4	X
epaa-273	225	2	.	.	X
epaa-273	225	3	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	225	4	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	225	5	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	225	6	some	some	DET
epaa-273	225	7	parts	part	NOUN
epaa-273	225	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	225	9	them	they	PRON
epaa-273	225	10	require	require	VERB
epaa-273	225	11	extraneous	extraneous	ADJ
epaa-273	225	12	abilities?5	abilities?5	NOUN
epaa-273	225	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	226	1	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	226	2	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	226	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	226	4	method	method	NOUN
epaa-273	226	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	226	6	ensuring	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	226	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	226	8	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	226	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	226	10	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-273	226	11	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-273	226	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	226	13	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	226	14	applied	apply	VERB
epaa-273	226	15	accurately	accurately	ADV
epaa-273	226	16	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	227	1	6	6	NUM
epaa-273	227	2	.	.	NUM
epaa-273	227	3	11	11	NUM
epaa-273	227	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	227	5	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	227	6	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	227	7	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	227	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	227	9	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	227	10	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	227	11	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	227	12	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	227	13	raised	raise	VERB
epaa-273	227	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	227	15	specter	specter	NOUN
epaa-273	227	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	227	17	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	227	18	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	227	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	227	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	227	21	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	227	22	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	227	23	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	227	24	to	to	PART
epaa-273	227	25	address	address	VERB
epaa-273	227	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	227	27	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	227	28	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	227	29	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	227	30	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	227	31	faced	face	VERB
epaa-273	227	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	227	33	any	any	DET
epaa-273	227	34	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	227	35	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	227	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	227	37	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	227	38	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	227	39	large	large	ADJ
epaa-273	227	40	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	227	41	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-273	227	42	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	227	43	small	small	ADJ
epaa-273	227	44	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	227	45	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-273	227	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	227	47	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	227	48	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	227	49	administered	administer	VERB
epaa-273	227	50	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	227	51	institutionally	institutionally	ADV
epaa-273	227	52	designed	design	VERB
epaa-273	227	53	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	227	54	administered	administer	VERB
epaa-273	227	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	228	1	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	228	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	228	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	228	4	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	228	5	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-273	228	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	228	7	convergence	convergence	NOUN
epaa-273	228	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	228	9	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-273	228	10	law	law	NOUN
epaa-273	228	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	228	12	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	228	13	properties	property	NOUN
epaa-273	228	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	229	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	229	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	229	3	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-273	229	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	229	5	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	229	6	not	not	PART
epaa-273	229	7	impossible	impossible	ADJ
epaa-273	229	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	229	9	to	to	PART
epaa-273	229	10	separate	separate	VERB
epaa-273	229	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	229	12	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	229	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	230	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	230	2	review	review	NOUN
epaa-273	230	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	230	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	230	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-273	230	6	written	write	VERB
epaa-273	230	7	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	230	8	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	230	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	230	10	indicates	indicate	VERB
epaa-273	230	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	230	12	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	230	13	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	230	14	four	four	NUM
epaa-273	230	15	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-273	230	16	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	230	17	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	230	18	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	230	19	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	230	20	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	230	21	under	under	ADP
epaa-273	230	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	230	23	1964	1964	NUM
epaa-273	230	24	civil	civil	ADJ
epaa-273	230	25	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	230	26	act	act	NOUN
epaa-273	230	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	230	28	title	title	NOUN
epaa-273	230	29	vi	vi	NOUN
epaa-273	230	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	230	31	title	title	NOUN
epaa-273	230	32	vii	vii	PROPN
epaa-273	230	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	230	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	230	35	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	230	36	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	230	37	under	under	ADP
epaa-273	230	38	the	the	DET
epaa-273	230	39	fourteenth	fourteenth	ADJ
epaa-273	230	40	amendment	amendment	NOUN
epaa-273	230	41	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	230	42	the	the	DET
epaa-273	230	43	united	united	PROPN
epaa-273	230	44	states	states	PROPN
epaa-273	230	45	constitution	constitution	NOUN
epaa-273	230	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	230	47	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	230	48	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	230	49	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	230	50	equal	equal	ADJ
epaa-273	230	51	protection	protection	NOUN
epaa-273	230	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	230	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	231	1	title	title	NOUN
epaa-273	231	2	vi	vi	PROPN
epaa-273	231	3	supplements	supplement	NOUN
epaa-273	231	4	title	title	NOUN
epaa-273	231	5	vii	vii	PROPN
epaa-273	231	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	231	7	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
epaa-273	231	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	231	9	prohibition	prohibition	NOUN
epaa-273	231	10	against	against	ADP
epaa-273	231	11	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
epaa-273	231	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	231	13	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-273	231	14	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	231	15	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-273	231	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	231	17	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-273	231	18	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-273	231	19	funding	funding	NOUN
epaa-273	231	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	231	21	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	231	22	includes	include	VERB
epaa-273	231	23	most	most	ADJ
epaa-273	231	24	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	231	25	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	231	26	through	through	ADP
epaa-273	231	27	grants	grant	NOUN
epaa-273	231	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	231	29	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-273	231	30	aid	aid	NOUN
epaa-273	231	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	232	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	232	2	sireci	sireci	NOUN
epaa-273	232	3	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	232	4	green	green	ADJ
epaa-273	232	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	232	6	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	232	7	pullin	pullin	PROPN
epaa-273	232	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	232	9	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	232	10	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	232	11	mehrens	mehrens	PROPN
epaa-273	232	12	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	232	13	popham	popham	PROPN
epaa-273	232	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	232	15	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-273	232	16	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	232	17	mcdonough	mcdonough	PROPN
epaa-273	232	18	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	232	19	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-273	232	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	232	21	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-273	232	22	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	232	23	pascoe	pascoe	PROPN
epaa-273	232	24	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	232	25	halpin	halpin	PROPN
epaa-273	232	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	232	27	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	232	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	232	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	233	1	precedent	precedent	NOUN
epaa-273	233	2	setting	set	VERB
epaa-273	233	3	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-273	233	4	come	come	VERB
epaa-273	233	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	233	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	233	7	variety	variety	NOUN
epaa-273	233	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	233	9	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-273	233	10	situations	situation	NOUN
epaa-273	233	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	233	12	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-273	233	13	within	within	ADP
epaa-273	233	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	233	15	outside	outside	ADP
epaa-273	233	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	233	17	field	field	NOUN
epaa-273	233	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	233	19	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	233	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	234	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	234	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	234	3	introduce	introduce	VERB
epaa-273	234	4	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	234	5	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	234	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	234	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	234	8	chief	chief	NOUN
epaa-273	234	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	234	10	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	234	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	234	12	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	234	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	235	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	235	2	applicable	applicable	ADJ
epaa-273	235	3	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
epaa-273	235	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	235	5	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	235	6	governing	govern	VERB
epaa-273	235	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	235	8	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	235	9	properties	property	NOUN
epaa-273	235	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	235	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	235	12	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	235	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	235	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	235	15	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	235	16	made	make	VERB
epaa-273	235	17	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	235	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	235	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	235	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	235	21	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	235	22	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	235	23	be	be	VERB
epaa-273	235	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	235	25	the	the	DET
epaa-273	235	26	field	field	NOUN
epaa-273	235	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	235	28	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	235	29	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	235	30	not	not	PART
epaa-273	235	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	235	32	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	235	33	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	235	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	235	35	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	235	36	psychology	psychology	NOUN
epaa-273	235	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	235	38	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	235	39	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	235	40	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	235	41	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	235	42	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-273	235	43	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
epaa-273	235	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	236	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	236	2	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	236	3	most	most	ADV
epaa-273	236	4	influential	influential	ADJ
epaa-273	236	5	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-273	236	6	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	236	7	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	236	8	operational	operational	ADJ
epaa-273	236	9	direction	direction	NOUN
epaa-273	236	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	236	11	these	these	DET
epaa-273	236	12	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	236	13	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	236	14	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	236	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	236	16	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	236	17	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	236	18	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	236	19	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	236	20	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	236	21	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	236	22	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	236	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	236	24	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	236	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	236	26	psychological	psychological	ADJ
epaa-273	236	27	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	236	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	236	29	the	the	DET
epaa-273	236	30	1978	1978	NUM
epaa-273	236	31	uniform	uniform	ADJ
epaa-273	236	32	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
epaa-273	236	33	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	236	34	employee	employee	NOUN
epaa-273	236	35	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-273	236	36	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	236	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	236	38	pascoe	pascoe	PROPN
epaa-273	236	39	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	236	40	halpin	halpin	PROPN
epaa-273	236	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	236	42	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	236	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	236	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	237	1	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-273	237	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	237	3	civil	civil	ADJ
epaa-273	237	4	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	237	5	act	act	NOUN
epaa-273	237	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	237	7	1964	1964	NUM
epaa-273	237	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	237	9	titles	title	NOUN
epaa-273	237	10	vi	vi	NOUN
epaa-273	237	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	237	12	vii	vii	PROPN
epaa-273	237	13	forbid	forbid	VERB
epaa-273	237	14	not	not	PART
epaa-273	237	15	only	only	ADV
epaa-273	237	16	intentional	intentional	ADJ
epaa-273	237	17	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
epaa-273	237	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	237	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	237	20	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-273	237	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	237	22	race	race	NOUN
epaa-273	237	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	237	24	color	color	NOUN
epaa-273	237	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	237	26	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	237	27	national	national	ADJ
epaa-273	237	28	original	original	ADJ
epaa-273	237	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	237	30	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	237	31	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	237	32	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	237	33	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	237	34	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	237	35	a	a	DET
epaa-273	237	36	disparate	disparate	ADJ
epaa-273	237	37	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-273	237	38	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	237	39	a	a	DET
epaa-273	237	40	protected	protect	VERB
epaa-273	237	41	class	class	NOUN
epaa-273	237	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	238	1	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	238	2	use	use	VERB
epaa-273	238	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	238	4	three	three	NUM
epaa-273	238	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	238	6	step	step	NOUN
epaa-273	238	7	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	238	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	238	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	238	10	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	238	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	238	12	burden	burden	NOUN
epaa-273	238	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	238	14	proof	proof	ADJ
epaa-273	238	15	shifts	shift	NOUN
epaa-273	238	16	back	back	ADV
epaa-273	238	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	238	18	forth	forth	ADV
epaa-273	238	19	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	238	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	238	21	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
epaa-273	238	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	238	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	238	24	defendant	defendant	NOUN
epaa-273	238	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	239	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	239	2	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	239	3	these	these	DET
epaa-273	239	4	three	three	NUM
epaa-273	239	5	steps	step	NOUN
epaa-273	239	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	239	7	our	our	PRON
epaa-273	239	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-273	239	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	239	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	239	11	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-273	239	12	beth	beth	PROPN
epaa-273	239	13	joanne	joanne	PROPN
epaa-273	239	14	case	case	PROPN
epaa-273	239	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	240	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	240	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	240	3	first	first	ADJ
epaa-273	240	4	step	step	NOUN
epaa-273	240	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	240	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	240	7	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
epaa-273	240	8	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	240	9	prove	prove	VERB
epaa-273	240	10	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
epaa-273	240	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	241	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	241	2	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
epaa-273	241	3	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	241	4	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-273	241	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	241	6	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-273	241	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	241	8	coincidental	coincidental	ADJ
epaa-273	241	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	241	10	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	241	11	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	241	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	241	13	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-273	241	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	241	15	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-273	241	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	241	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	241	18	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	241	19	to	to	PART
epaa-273	241	20	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	241	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	241	22	unintended	unintended	ADJ
epaa-273	241	23	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
epaa-273	241	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	241	25	disparate	disparate	ADJ
epaa-273	241	26	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-273	241	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	241	28	does	do	AUX
epaa-273	241	29	not	not	PART
epaa-273	241	30	occur	occur	VERB
epaa-273	241	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	242	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	242	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	242	3	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-273	242	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	242	5	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	242	6	changed	change	VERB
epaa-273	242	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	242	8	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	242	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	242	10	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	242	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	242	12	dependent	dependent	ADJ
epaa-273	242	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	242	14	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	242	15	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	242	16	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
epaa-273	242	17	background	background	NOUN
epaa-273	242	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	243	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	243	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	243	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	243	4	member	member	NOUN
epaa-273	243	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	243	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	243	7	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-273	243	8	group	group	NOUN
epaa-273	243	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	243	10	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	243	11	less	less	ADV
epaa-273	243	12	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-273	243	13	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	243	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	243	15	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-273	243	16	population	population	NOUN
epaa-273	243	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	243	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	243	19	first	first	ADJ
epaa-273	243	20	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	243	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	244	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	244	2	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
epaa-273	244	3	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	244	4	occurred	occur	VERB
epaa-273	244	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	244	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	244	7	defendant	defendant	NOUN
epaa-273	244	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	244	9	scde	scde	PROPN
epaa-273	244	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	244	11	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	244	12	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	244	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	244	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	244	15	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	244	16	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	244	17	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-273	244	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	244	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	244	20	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-273	244	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	244	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	244	23	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	244	24	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	244	25	most	most	ADV
epaa-273	244	26	often	often	ADV
epaa-273	244	27	linked	link	VERB
epaa-273	244	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	244	29	the	the	DET
epaa-273	244	30	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	244	31	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	244	32	relatedness	relatedness	NOUN
epaa-273	244	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	244	34	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	244	35	the	the	DET
epaa-273	244	36	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	244	37	business	business	NOUN
epaa-273	244	38	necessity	necessity	NOUN
epaa-273	244	39	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	244	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	244	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	244	42	the	the	DET
epaa-273	244	43	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	244	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	245	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	245	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	245	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	245	4	this	this	DET
epaa-273	245	5	second	second	ADJ
epaa-273	245	6	step	step	NOUN
epaa-273	245	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	245	8	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-273	245	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	245	10	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	245	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	245	12	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	245	13	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	245	14	converge	converge	VERB
epaa-273	245	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	245	16	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	245	17	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	245	18	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	245	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	245	20	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	245	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	245	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	246	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	246	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	246	3	defendant	defendant	NOUN
epaa-273	246	4	proves	prove	VERB
epaa-273	246	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	246	6	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	246	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	246	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	246	9	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	246	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	246	11	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-273	246	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	246	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	246	14	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
epaa-273	246	15	has	have	VERB
epaa-273	246	16	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	246	17	more	more	ADJ
epaa-273	246	18	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-273	246	19	to	to	PART
epaa-273	246	20	prevail	prevail	VERB
epaa-273	246	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	247	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	247	2	he	he	PRON
epaa-273	247	3	/	/	PUNCT
epaa-273	247	4	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	247	5	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	247	6	prove	prove	VERB
epaa-273	247	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	247	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	247	9	defendant	defendant	NOUN
epaa-273	247	10	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	247	11	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	247	12	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	247	13	an	an	DET
epaa-273	247	14	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-273	247	15	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	247	16	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	247	17	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
epaa-273	247	18	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	247	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	247	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	247	21	defendant	defendant	NOUN
epaa-273	247	22	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	247	23	lose	lose	VERB
epaa-273	247	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	247	25	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	247	26	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	247	27	2	2	NUM
epaa-273	247	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	247	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	248	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	248	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	248	3	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	248	4	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-273	248	5	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	248	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	248	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	248	8	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-273	248	9	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	248	10	constitution	constitution	PROPN
epaa-273	248	11	's	's	PART
epaa-273	248	12	14th	14th	ADJ
epaa-273	248	13	amendment	amendment	NOUN
epaa-273	248	14	12	12	NUM
epaa-273	248	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	248	16	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	248	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	248	18	apply	apply	VERB
epaa-273	248	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	248	20	this	this	DET
epaa-273	248	21	context	context	NOUN
epaa-273	248	22	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	248	23	equal	equal	ADJ
epaa-273	248	24	protection	protection	NOUN
epaa-273	248	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	248	26	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	248	27	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	248	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	249	1	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-273	249	2	a	a	DET
epaa-273	249	3	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
epaa-273	249	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	249	5	win	win	VERB
epaa-273	249	6	under	under	ADP
epaa-273	249	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	249	8	equal	equal	ADJ
epaa-273	249	9	protection	protection	NOUN
epaa-273	249	10	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	249	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	249	12	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	249	13	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	249	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	249	15	shown	show	VERB
epaa-273	249	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	249	17	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	249	18	was	be	VERB
epaa-273	249	19	intent	intent	ADJ
epaa-273	249	20	to	to	PART
epaa-273	249	21	discriminate	discriminate	VERB
epaa-273	249	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	250	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	250	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	250	3	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-273	250	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	250	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	250	6	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-273	250	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	250	8	rarely	rarely	ADV
epaa-273	250	9	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	250	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	251	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	251	2	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	251	3	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	251	4	provisions	provision	NOUN
epaa-273	251	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	251	6	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	251	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	251	8	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	251	9	become	become	VERB
epaa-273	251	10	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-273	251	11	common	common	ADJ
epaa-273	251	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	252	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	252	2	forbid	forbid	VERB
epaa-273	252	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	252	4	governmental	governmental	ADJ
epaa-273	252	5	entity	entity	NOUN
epaa-273	252	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	252	7	depriving	deprive	VERB
epaa-273	252	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	252	9	person	person	NOUN
epaa-273	252	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	252	11	a	a	DET
epaa-273	252	12	property	property	NOUN
epaa-273	252	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	252	14	liberty	liberty	NOUN
epaa-273	252	15	interest	interest	NOUN
epaa-273	252	16	without	without	ADP
epaa-273	252	17	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	252	18	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	252	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	252	20	law	law	NOUN
epaa-273	252	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	253	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	253	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	253	3	debra	debra	PROPN
epaa-273	253	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-273	253	5	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-273	253	6	turlington	turlington	PROPN
epaa-273	253	7	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	253	8	established	establish	VERB
epaa-273	253	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	253	10	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-273	253	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	253	12	a	a	DET
epaa-273	253	13	property	property	NOUN
epaa-273	253	14	right	right	NOUN
epaa-273	253	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	253	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	254	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	254	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	254	3	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	254	4	kinds	kind	NOUN
epaa-273	254	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	254	6	these	these	DET
epaa-273	254	7	claims	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	254	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	254	9	substantive	substantive	ADJ
epaa-273	254	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	254	11	procedural	procedural	ADJ
epaa-273	254	12	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	254	13	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	254	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	255	1	substantive	substantive	ADJ
epaa-273	255	2	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	255	3	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	255	4	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	255	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	255	6	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
epaa-273	255	7	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-273	255	8	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	255	9	a	a	DET
epaa-273	255	10	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	255	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	255	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	255	13	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	255	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	256	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	256	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	256	3	much	much	ADV
epaa-273	256	4	easier	easy	ADJ
epaa-273	256	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	256	6	establish	establish	VERB
epaa-273	256	7	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	256	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	256	9	business	business	NOUN
epaa-273	256	10	necessity	necessity	NOUN
epaa-273	256	11	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	256	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	256	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	256	14	civil	civil	ADJ
epaa-273	256	15	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	256	16	act	act	PROPN
epaa-273	256	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	257	1	procedural	procedural	ADJ
epaa-273	257	2	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	257	3	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	257	4	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	257	5	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	257	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	257	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	257	8	way	way	NOUN
epaa-273	257	9	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-273	257	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	257	11	done	do	VERB
epaa-273	257	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	257	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	257	14	these	these	PRON
epaa-273	257	15	include	include	VERB
epaa-273	257	16	advance	advance	NOUN
epaa-273	257	17	notice	notice	NOUN
epaa-273	257	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	257	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	257	20	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	257	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	257	22	an	an	DET
epaa-273	257	23	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	257	24	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	257	25	hearings	hearing	NOUN
epaa-273	257	26	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	257	27	appeals	appeal	NOUN
epaa-273	257	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	257	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	257	30	the	the	DET
epaa-273	257	31	conduct	conduct	NOUN
epaa-273	257	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	257	33	fair	fair	ADJ
epaa-273	257	34	hearings	hearing	NOUN
epaa-273	257	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	258	1	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	258	2	properties	property	NOUN
epaa-273	258	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	258	4	excluded	exclude	VERB
epaa-273	258	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	258	6	this	this	DET
epaa-273	258	7	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	258	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	259	1	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	259	2	prevailed	prevail	VERB
epaa-273	259	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	259	4	both	both	DET
epaa-273	259	5	types	type	NOUN
epaa-273	259	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	259	7	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	259	8	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	259	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	259	10	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	259	11	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	259	12	3	3	NUM
epaa-273	259	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	260	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	260	2	mehrens	mehren	NOUN
epaa-273	260	3	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	260	4	popham	popham	PROPN
epaa-273	260	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	260	6	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-273	260	7	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	260	8	sireci	sireci	NOUN
epaa-273	260	9	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	260	10	green	green	ADJ
epaa-273	260	11	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	260	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	260	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	261	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-273	261	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	261	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	261	4	linkage	linkage	NOUN
epaa-273	261	5	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	261	6	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	261	7	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	261	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	261	9	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	261	10	properties	property	NOUN
epaa-273	261	11	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	261	12	occur	occur	VERB
epaa-273	261	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	261	14	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	261	15	places	place	NOUN
epaa-273	261	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	261	17	opening	open	VERB
epaa-273	261	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	261	19	pandora	pandora	NOUN
epaa-273	261	20	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	261	21	box	box	PROPN
epaa-273	261	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	261	23	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	261	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	261	25	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	261	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	262	1	first	first	ADV
epaa-273	262	2	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	262	3	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	262	4	occur	occur	VERB
epaa-273	262	5	within	within	ADP
epaa-273	262	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	262	7	context	context	NOUN
epaa-273	262	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	262	9	step	step	NOUN
epaa-273	262	10	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	262	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	262	12	a	a	DET
epaa-273	262	13	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
epaa-273	262	14	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	262	15	under	under	ADP
epaa-273	262	16	titles	title	NOUN
epaa-273	262	17	vi	vi	PROPN
epaa-273	262	18	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-273	262	19	vii	vii	PROPN
epaa-273	262	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	262	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	262	22	civil	civil	ADJ
epaa-273	262	23	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	262	24	act	act	VERB
epaa-273	262	25	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-273	262	26	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	262	27	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	262	28	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-273	262	29	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
epaa-273	262	30	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	262	31	disparate	disparate	ADJ
epaa-273	262	32	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-273	262	33	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	262	34	a	a	DET
epaa-273	262	35	protected	protect	VERB
epaa-273	262	36	class	class	NOUN
epaa-273	262	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	263	1	second	second	ADJ
epaa-273	263	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	263	3	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	263	4	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	263	5	occur	occur	VERB
epaa-273	263	6	within	within	ADP
epaa-273	263	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	263	8	context	context	NOUN
epaa-273	263	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	263	10	a	a	DET
epaa-273	263	11	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-273	263	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	263	13	a	a	DET
epaa-273	263	14	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
epaa-273	263	15	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-273	263	16	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	263	17	a	a	DET
epaa-273	263	18	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	263	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	263	20	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-273	263	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	263	22	a	a	DET
epaa-273	263	23	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	263	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	263	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	263	26	a	a	DET
epaa-273	263	27	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	263	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	263	29	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-273	263	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	263	31	protecting	protect	VERB
epaa-273	263	32	the	the	DET
epaa-273	263	33	public	public	NOUN
epaa-273	263	34	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	263	35	unsafe	unsafe	ADJ
epaa-273	263	36	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	263	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	263	38	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	263	39	constitutes	constitute	VERB
epaa-273	263	40	a	a	DET
epaa-273	263	41	violation	violation	NOUN
epaa-273	263	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	263	43	substantive	substantive	ADJ
epaa-273	263	44	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	263	45	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	263	46	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	263	47	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	263	48	assured	assure	VERB
epaa-273	263	49	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	263	50	the	the	DET
epaa-273	263	51	fourteenth	fourteenth	ADJ
epaa-273	263	52	amendment	amendment	NOUN
epaa-273	263	53	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	263	54	the	the	DET
epaa-273	263	55	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-273	263	56	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	263	57	constitution	constitution	PROPN
epaa-273	263	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	264	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	264	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	264	3	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	264	4	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-273	264	5	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	264	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	264	7	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	264	8	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	264	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	264	10	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	264	11	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	264	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	264	13	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-273	264	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	264	15	scope	scope	NOUN
epaa-273	264	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	264	17	this	this	DET
epaa-273	264	18	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	264	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	265	1	worth	worth	ADJ
epaa-273	265	2	mentioning	mention	VERB
epaa-273	265	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	265	4	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-273	265	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	265	6	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	265	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	265	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	265	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	265	10	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-273	265	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	265	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	265	13	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	265	14	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	265	15	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	265	16	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	265	17	asked	ask	VERB
epaa-273	265	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	265	19	conduct	conduct	VERB
epaa-273	265	20	extensive	extensive	ADJ
epaa-273	265	21	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	265	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	265	23	without	without	ADP
epaa-273	265	24	remuneration	remuneration	NOUN
epaa-273	265	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	265	26	outside	outside	ADP
epaa-273	265	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	265	28	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	265	29	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-273	265	30	assigned	assign	VERB
epaa-273	265	31	course	course	NOUN
epaa-273	265	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	265	33	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	265	34	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	265	35	assignments	assignment	NOUN
epaa-273	265	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	265	37	sandmann	sandmann	ADV
epaa-273	265	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	265	39	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-273	265	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	265	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	266	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	266	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	266	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	266	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	266	5	course	course	NOUN
epaa-273	266	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	266	7	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-273	266	8	problematic	problematic	ADJ
epaa-273	266	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	266	10	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	266	11	completed	complete	VERB
epaa-273	266	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	266	13	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-273	266	14	outside	outside	ADP
epaa-273	266	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	266	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	266	17	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-273	266	18	course	course	NOUN
epaa-273	266	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	266	20	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	266	21	assessing	assess	VERB
epaa-273	266	22	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	266	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	267	1	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	267	2	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	267	3	happen	happen	VERB
epaa-273	267	4	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	267	5	my	my	PRON
epaa-273	267	6	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	267	7	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	268	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-273	268	2	most	most	ADJ
epaa-273	268	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	268	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	268	5	precedents	precedent	NOUN
epaa-273	268	6	discussed	discuss	VERB
epaa-273	268	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	268	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	268	9	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-273	268	10	refer	refer	VERB
epaa-273	268	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	268	12	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	268	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	268	14	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-273	268	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	268	16	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	268	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	268	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	268	19	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	268	20	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	268	21	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	268	22	challenged	challenge	VERB
epaa-273	268	23	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	268	24	the	the	DET
epaa-273	268	25	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-273	268	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	268	27	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	268	28	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	268	29	received	receive	VERB
epaa-273	268	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	268	31	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	268	32	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	268	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	269	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	269	2	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	269	3	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-273	269	4	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	269	5	contract	contract	NOUN
epaa-273	269	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	269	7	negligence	negligence	NOUN
epaa-273	269	8	law	law	NOUN
epaa-273	269	9	theories	theory	NOUN
epaa-273	269	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	269	11	asserting	assert	VERB
epaa-273	269	12	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-273	269	13	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-273	269	14	to	to	PART
epaa-273	269	15	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	269	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	269	17	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	269	18	services	service	NOUN
epaa-273	269	19	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	269	20	felt	feel	VERB
epaa-273	269	21	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	269	22	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	269	23	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	269	24	received	receive	VERB
epaa-273	269	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	270	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	270	2	mellnick	mellnick	NOUN
epaa-273	270	3	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	270	4	pullin	pullin	PROPN
epaa-273	270	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	270	6	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	270	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	270	8	now	now	ADV
epaa-273	270	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	270	10	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	270	11	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	270	12	received	receive	VERB
epaa-273	270	13	part	part	NOUN
epaa-273	270	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	270	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	270	16	burden	burden	NOUN
epaa-273	270	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	270	18	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	270	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	270	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	270	21	this	this	DET
epaa-273	270	22	risk	risk	NOUN
epaa-273	270	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	270	24	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-273	270	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	270	26	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	270	27	readily	readily	ADV
epaa-273	270	28	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	270	29	combined	combine	VERB
epaa-273	270	30	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	270	31	the	the	DET
epaa-273	270	32	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	270	33	previously	previously	ADV
epaa-273	270	34	encountered	encounter	VERB
epaa-273	270	35	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	270	36	the	the	DET
epaa-273	270	37	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	270	38	level	level	NOUN
epaa-273	270	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	271	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-273	271	2	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	271	3	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-273	271	4	hold	hold	VERB
epaa-273	271	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	271	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	271	7	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-273	271	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	271	9	requiring	require	VERB
epaa-273	271	10	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-273	271	11	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	271	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	271	13	a	a	DET
epaa-273	271	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	271	15	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	271	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	271	17	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-273	271	18	public	public	ADJ
epaa-273	271	19	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-273	271	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	271	21	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	271	22	scrutinize	scrutinize	VERB
epaa-273	271	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	271	24	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	271	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	271	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	271	27	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	271	28	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-273	271	29	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-273	271	30	carefully	carefully	ADV
epaa-273	271	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	272	1	this	this	DET
epaa-273	272	2	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
epaa-273	272	3	includes	include	VERB
epaa-273	272	4	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	272	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	272	6	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	272	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	272	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	272	9	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	272	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	273	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-273	273	2	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	273	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	273	4	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	273	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	273	6	an	an	DET
epaa-273	273	7	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	273	8	measure	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	273	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	273	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	273	11	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	273	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	273	13	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	273	14	needed	need	VERB
epaa-273	273	15	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	273	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	273	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	273	18	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	273	19	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	273	20	not	not	PART
epaa-273	273	21	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	273	22	a	a	DET
epaa-273	273	23	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	273	24	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	273	25	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	273	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	273	27	cut	cut	NOUN
epaa-273	273	28	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	273	29	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-273	273	30	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	273	31	not	not	PART
epaa-273	273	32	a	a	DET
epaa-273	273	33	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-273	273	34	indicator	indicator	NOUN
epaa-273	273	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	273	36	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	273	37	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-273	273	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	273	39	set	set	VERB
epaa-273	273	40	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	273	41	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	273	42	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	273	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	273	44	mellnick	mellnick	NOUN
epaa-273	273	45	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	273	46	13	13	NUM
epaa-273	273	47	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	273	48	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	273	49	pullin	pullin	NOUN
epaa-273	273	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	273	51	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	273	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	273	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	274	1	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-273	274	2	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	274	3	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	274	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	274	5	so	so	ADV
epaa-273	274	6	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	274	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	274	8	preparing	prepare	VERB
epaa-273	274	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	274	10	administering	administer	VERB
epaa-273	274	11	a	a	DET
epaa-273	274	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	274	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	274	14	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	274	15	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	274	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	274	17	a	a	DET
epaa-273	274	18	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-273	274	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	274	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	274	21	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	274	22	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	274	23	follows	follow	VERB
epaa-273	274	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	275	2	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-273	275	3	source	source	NOUN
epaa-273	275	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	275	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	275	6	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-273	275	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	275	8	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	275	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	275	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	275	11	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	275	12	established	establish	VERB
epaa-273	275	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	275	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	275	15	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	275	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	275	17	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	275	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	275	19	psychological	psychological	ADJ
epaa-273	275	20	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	275	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	22	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	275	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	24	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	275	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	26	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	275	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	28	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	275	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	31	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	275	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	33	along	along	ADP
epaa-273	275	34	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	275	35	the	the	DET
epaa-273	275	36	eeoc	eeoc	PROPN
epaa-273	275	37	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
epaa-273	275	38	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	39	1978	1978	NUM
epaa-273	275	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	41	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	275	42	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	275	43	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-273	275	44	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	275	45	the	the	DET
epaa-273	275	46	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	47	standard	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	275	48	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	275	49	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	275	50	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	275	51	disputes	dispute	NOUN
epaa-273	275	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	276	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	276	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	276	3	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	276	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	276	5	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	276	6	designing	designing	NOUN
epaa-273	276	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	276	8	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-273	276	9	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	276	10	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	276	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	276	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	276	13	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-273	276	14	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	276	15	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	276	16	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	276	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	276	18	understand	understand	VERB
epaa-273	276	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	276	20	apply	apply	VERB
epaa-273	276	21	these	these	DET
epaa-273	276	22	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	276	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	277	1	selected	select	VERB
epaa-273	277	2	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	277	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	277	4	described	describe	VERB
epaa-273	277	5	below	below	ADV
epaa-273	277	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	277	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	277	8	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	277	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	277	10	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-273	277	11	targeted	target	VERB
epaa-273	277	12	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	277	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	277	14	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	277	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	277	16	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	277	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	277	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	277	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	277	20	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	277	21	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	277	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	278	1	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	278	2	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	278	3	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	278	4	design	design	NOUN
epaa-273	278	5	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	278	6	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	278	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	278	8	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	278	9	design	design	NOUN
epaa-273	278	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	278	11	addressed	address	VERB
epaa-273	278	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	278	13	section	section	NOUN
epaa-273	278	14	3	3	NUM
epaa-273	278	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	278	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	278	17	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	278	18	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	278	19	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	278	20	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	278	21	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	278	22	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	278	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	278	24	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	278	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	278	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	279	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	279	2	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	279	3	element	element	NOUN
epaa-273	279	4	noted	note	VERB
epaa-273	279	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	279	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	279	7	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	279	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	279	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	279	10	need	need	NOUN
epaa-273	279	11	to	to	PART
epaa-273	279	12	carefully	carefully	ADV
epaa-273	279	13	specify	specify	VERB
epaa-273	279	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	279	15	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	279	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	279	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	279	18	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	279	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	279	20	a	a	DET
epaa-273	279	21	framework	framework	NOUN
epaa-273	279	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	280	1	this	this	DET
epaa-273	280	2	framework	framework	NOUN
epaa-273	280	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	280	4	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
epaa-273	280	5	called	call	VERB
epaa-273	280	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	280	7	table	table	NOUN
epaa-273	280	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	280	9	specifications	specification	NOUN
epaa-273	280	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	280	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	280	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	280	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	280	14	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	280	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	280	16	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-273	280	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	280	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	280	19	a	a	DET
epaa-273	280	20	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	280	21	map	map	NOUN
epaa-273	280	22	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	280	23	blueprint	blueprint	NOUN
epaa-273	280	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	281	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	281	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	281	3	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	281	4	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	281	5	guidance	guidance	NOUN
epaa-273	281	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	281	7	regard	regard	NOUN
epaa-273	281	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	281	9	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	281	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	281	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	281	12	general	general	ADJ
epaa-273	281	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	281	14	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	281	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	281	16	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-273	281	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	282	1	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	282	2	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	282	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	282	4	defined	define	VERB
epaa-273	282	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	282	6	this	this	DET
epaa-273	282	7	section	section	NOUN
epaa-273	282	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	282	9	those	those	DET
epaa-273	282	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	282	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	282	12	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	282	13	require	require	VERB
epaa-273	282	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	282	15	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	282	16	takers	taker	NOUN
epaa-273	282	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	282	18	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	282	19	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	282	20	abilities	ability	NOUN
epaa-273	282	21	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	282	22	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	282	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	282	24	settings	setting	NOUN
epaa-273	282	25	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	282	26	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-273	282	27	resemble	resemble	VERB
epaa-273	282	28	real	real	ADJ
epaa-273	282	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	282	30	life	life	NOUN
epaa-273	282	31	settings	setting	NOUN
epaa-273	282	32	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	282	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	282	34	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-273	282	35	41	41	NUM
epaa-273	282	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	282	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	283	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	283	2	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	283	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	283	4	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-273	283	5	product	product	NOUN
epaa-273	283	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	283	7	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	283	8	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	283	9	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-273	283	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	283	11	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	283	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	284	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	284	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	284	3	note	note	VERB
epaa-273	284	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	284	5	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	284	6	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	284	7	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-273	284	8	consist	consist	VERB
epaa-273	284	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	284	10	a	a	DET
epaa-273	284	11	small	small	ADJ
epaa-273	284	12	number	number	NOUN
epaa-273	284	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	284	14	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	284	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	284	16	establish	establish	VERB
epaa-273	284	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	284	18	extent	extent	NOUN
epaa-273	284	19	to	to	PART
epaa-273	284	20	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	284	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	284	22	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	284	23	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	284	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	284	25	generalized	generalize	VERB
epaa-273	284	26	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	284	27	the	the	DET
epaa-273	284	28	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-273	284	29	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	284	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	285	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	285	2	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	285	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	285	4	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	285	5	specifications	specification	NOUN
epaa-273	285	6	contributes	contribute	VERB
epaa-273	285	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	285	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	285	9	systematic	systematic	ADJ
epaa-273	285	10	development	development	NOUN
epaa-273	285	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	285	12	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	285	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	285	14	helps	help	VERB
epaa-273	285	15	to	to	PART
epaa-273	285	16	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	285	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	285	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	285	19	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	285	20	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
epaa-273	285	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	285	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	285	23	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	285	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	285	25	assessed	assess	VERB
epaa-273	285	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	285	27	leading	lead	VERB
epaa-273	285	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	285	29	a	a	DET
epaa-273	285	30	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	285	31	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
epaa-273	285	32	coverage	coverage	NOUN
epaa-273	285	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	285	34	the	the	DET
epaa-273	285	35	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	285	36	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-273	285	37	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	285	38	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-273	285	39	achieved	achieve	VERB
epaa-273	285	40	without	without	ADP
epaa-273	285	41	the	the	DET
epaa-273	285	42	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	285	43	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	285	44	specifications	specification	NOUN
epaa-273	285	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	286	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	286	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	286	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	286	4	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-273	286	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	286	6	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-273	286	7	logical	logical	ADJ
epaa-273	286	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	286	9	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-273	286	10	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	286	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	286	12	gathered	gather	VERB
epaa-273	286	13	to	to	PART
epaa-273	286	14	document	document	VERB
epaa-273	286	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	286	16	extent	extent	NOUN
epaa-273	286	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	286	18	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	286	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	286	20	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	286	21	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	286	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	286	23	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-273	286	24	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	286	25	reflect	reflect	VERB
epaa-273	286	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	286	27	processes	process	NOUN
epaa-273	286	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	286	29	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	286	30	specified	specify	VERB
epaa-273	286	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	286	32	the	the	DET
epaa-273	286	33	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	286	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	287	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	287	2	regard	regard	NOUN
epaa-273	287	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	287	4	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	287	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	287	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	287	7	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	287	8	define	define	VERB
epaa-273	287	9	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	287	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	287	11	systematic	systematic	ADJ
epaa-273	287	12	collections	collection	NOUN
epaa-273	287	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	287	14	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	287	15	gathered	gather	VERB
epaa-273	287	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	287	17	a	a	DET
epaa-273	287	18	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	287	19	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	287	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	288	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	288	2	note	note	VERB
epaa-273	288	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	288	4	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	288	5	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	288	6	assemble	assemble	VERB
epaa-273	288	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	288	8	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	288	9	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	288	10	select	select	VERB
epaa-273	288	11	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	288	12	own	own	ADJ
epaa-273	288	13	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	288	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	288	15	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	288	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	288	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	288	18	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	288	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	288	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	288	21	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	288	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	289	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	289	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	289	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	289	4	following	follow	VERB
epaa-273	289	5	caution	caution	NOUN
epaa-273	289	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	289	7	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-273	289	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	289	9	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	289	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	289	11	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	289	12	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-273	289	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	289	14	contents	content	NOUN
epaa-273	289	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	289	16	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	289	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	289	18	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-273	289	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	289	20	the	the	PRON
epaa-273	289	21	easier	easy	ADJ
epaa-273	289	22	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	289	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	289	24	to	to	PART
epaa-273	289	25	establish	establish	VERB
epaa-273	289	26	comparability	comparability	NOUN
epaa-273	289	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	289	28	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	289	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	289	30	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	289	31	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	289	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	290	1	regardless	regardless	ADV
epaa-273	290	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	290	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	290	4	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-273	290	5	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	290	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	290	7	all	all	DET
epaa-273	290	8	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	290	9	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	290	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	290	11	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
epaa-273	290	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	290	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	290	14	same	same	ADJ
epaa-273	290	15	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	290	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	290	17	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-273	290	18	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-273	290	19	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	290	20	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	290	21	forms	form	NOUN
epaa-273	290	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	290	23	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	290	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	290	25	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	291	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	291	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-273	291	3	42	42	NUM
epaa-273	291	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	291	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	292	1	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	292	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	292	3	sampling	sampling	NOUN
epaa-273	292	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	292	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	292	6	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	292	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	292	8	relatedness	relatedness	NOUN
epaa-273	292	9	section	section	NOUN
epaa-273	292	10	14	14	NUM
epaa-273	292	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	292	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	292	13	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	292	14	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	292	15	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	292	16	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	292	17	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	292	18	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	292	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	292	20	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	292	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	292	22	outlines	outline	VERB
epaa-273	292	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	292	24	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	292	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	292	26	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	292	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	292	28	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-273	292	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	292	30	credentialing	credentialing	NOUN
epaa-273	292	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	292	32	focusing	focus	VERB
epaa-273	292	33	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	292	34	the	the	DET
epaa-273	292	35	14	14	NUM
epaa-273	292	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	292	37	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	292	38	applicant	applicant	NOUN
epaa-273	292	39	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	292	40	current	current	ADJ
epaa-273	292	41	skill	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	292	42	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	292	43	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-273	292	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	292	45	including	include	VERB
epaa-273	292	46	entry	entry	NOUN
epaa-273	292	47	into	into	ADP
epaa-273	292	48	a	a	DET
epaa-273	292	49	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-273	292	50	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	292	51	ranging	range	VERB
epaa-273	292	52	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	292	53	novice	novice	NOUN
epaa-273	292	54	to	to	AUX
epaa-273	292	55	expert	expert	VERB
epaa-273	292	56	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	292	57	a	a	DET
epaa-273	292	58	given	give	VERB
epaa-273	292	59	field	field	NOUN
epaa-273	292	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	293	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	293	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	293	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	293	4	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-273	293	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	293	6	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	293	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	293	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	293	9	most	most	ADV
epaa-273	293	10	relevant	relevant	ADJ
epaa-273	293	11	chapters	chapter	NOUN
epaa-273	293	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	293	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	293	14	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	293	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	294	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	294	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	294	3	explain	explain	VERB
epaa-273	294	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	294	5	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-273	294	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	294	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	294	8	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	294	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	294	10	imposed	impose	VERB
epaa-273	294	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	294	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	294	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	294	14	local	local	ADJ
epaa-273	294	15	governments	government	NOUN
epaa-273	294	16	to	to	PART
epaa-273	294	17	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	294	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	294	19	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	294	20	licensed	licensed	ADJ
epaa-273	294	21	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	294	22	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-273	294	23	possess	possess	VERB
epaa-273	294	24	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-273	294	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	294	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	294	27	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	294	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	294	29	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-273	294	30	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-273	294	31	to	to	PART
epaa-273	294	32	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-273	294	33	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	294	34	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	294	35	safely	safely	ADV
epaa-273	294	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	294	37	effectively	effectively	ADV
epaa-273	294	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	294	39	thereby	thereby	ADV
epaa-273	294	40	protecting	protect	VERB
epaa-273	294	41	the	the	DET
epaa-273	294	42	public	public	NOUN
epaa-273	294	43	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	294	44	non	non	ADJ
epaa-273	294	45	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	294	46	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-273	294	47	personnel	personnel	NOUN
epaa-273	294	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	295	1	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	295	2	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	295	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	295	4	this	this	DET
epaa-273	295	5	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	295	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	295	7	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-273	295	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	295	9	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	295	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	295	11	public	public	NOUN
epaa-273	295	12	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	295	13	a	a	DET
epaa-273	295	14	dependable	dependable	ADJ
epaa-273	295	15	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
epaa-273	295	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	295	17	identifying	identify	VERB
epaa-273	295	18	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
epaa-273	295	19	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	295	20	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	295	21	met	meet	VERB
epaa-273	295	22	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-273	295	23	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	295	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	295	25	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	295	26	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	295	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	296	1	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-273	296	2	14.14	14.14	NUM
epaa-273	296	3	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	296	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	296	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	296	6	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	296	7	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	296	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	296	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	296	10	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-273	296	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	296	12	a	a	DET
epaa-273	296	13	credentialing	credentialing	NOUN
epaa-273	296	14	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	296	15	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	296	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	296	17	defined	define	VERB
epaa-273	296	18	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-273	296	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	296	20	justified	justify	VERB
epaa-273	296	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	296	22	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-273	296	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	296	24	the	the	DET
epaa-273	296	25	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-273	296	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	296	27	the	the	DET
epaa-273	296	28	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	296	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	296	30	credential	credential	ADJ
epaa-273	296	31	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	296	32	worthy	worthy	ADJ
epaa-273	296	33	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	296	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	296	35	an	an	DET
epaa-273	296	36	occupation	occupation	NOUN
epaa-273	296	37	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	296	38	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-273	296	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	296	40	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	296	41	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	296	42	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	296	43	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	296	44	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	296	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	296	46	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	296	47	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	296	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	297	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	297	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	297	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	297	4	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-273	297	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	297	6	making	make	VERB
epaa-273	297	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	297	8	link	link	NOUN
epaa-273	297	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	297	10	substantive	substantive	ADJ
epaa-273	297	11	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	297	12	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	297	13	claims	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	297	14	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	297	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	297	16	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	297	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	297	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	297	19	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	297	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	297	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	297	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	297	23	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	297	24	referring	refer	VERB
epaa-273	297	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	297	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	297	27	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	297	28	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	297	29	role	role	NOUN
epaa-273	297	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	297	31	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	297	32	to	to	PART
epaa-273	297	33	protect	protect	VERB
epaa-273	297	34	the	the	DET
epaa-273	297	35	public	public	NOUN
epaa-273	297	36	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	297	37	delegated	delegate	VERB
epaa-273	297	38	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	297	39	scdes	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	297	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	297	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	297	42	the	the	DET
epaa-273	297	43	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	297	44	referring	refer	VERB
epaa-273	297	45	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	297	46	the	the	DET
epaa-273	297	47	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	297	48	including	include	VERB
epaa-273	297	49	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	297	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	298	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	298	2	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	298	3	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	298	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	298	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	298	6	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-273	298	7	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	298	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	298	9	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	298	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	298	11	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	298	12	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	298	13	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	298	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	298	15	defined	define	VERB
epaa-273	298	16	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-273	298	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	298	18	explained	explain	VERB
epaa-273	298	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	298	20	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-273	298	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	298	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	298	23	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-273	298	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	298	25	the	the	DET
epaa-273	298	26	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	298	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	298	28	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-273	298	29	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	298	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	298	31	an	an	DET
epaa-273	298	32	occupation	occupation	NOUN
epaa-273	298	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	298	34	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	298	35	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	298	36	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	298	37	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	298	38	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	298	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	298	40	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	298	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	298	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	299	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	299	2	creation	creation	NOUN
epaa-273	299	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	299	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	299	5	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	299	6	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	299	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	299	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	299	9	author	author	NOUN
epaa-273	299	10	develop	develop	VERB
epaa-273	299	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	299	12	implement	implement	VERB
epaa-273	299	13	a	a	DET
epaa-273	299	14	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	299	15	sampling	sample	VERB
epaa-273	299	16	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	299	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	300	1	construct	construct	VERB
epaa-273	300	2	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
epaa-273	300	3	variances	variance	NOUN
epaa-273	300	4	refers	refer	VERB
epaa-273	300	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	300	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	300	7	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-273	300	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	300	9	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	300	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	300	11	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	300	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	300	13	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-273	300	14	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	300	15	processes	process	NOUN
epaa-273	300	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	300	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	300	18	extraneous	extraneous	ADJ
epaa-273	300	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	300	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	300	21	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-273	300	22	construct	construct	NOUN
epaa-273	300	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	301	1	construct	construct	VERB
epaa-273	301	2	under	under	ADP
epaa-273	301	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	301	4	representation	representation	NOUN
epaa-273	301	5	refers	refer	VERB
epaa-273	301	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	301	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	301	8	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-273	301	9	to	to	PART
epaa-273	301	10	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	301	11	a	a	DET
epaa-273	301	12	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	301	13	fails	fail	VERB
epaa-273	301	14	to	to	PART
epaa-273	301	15	capture	capture	VERB
epaa-273	301	16	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	301	17	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	301	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	301	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	301	20	construct	construct	NOUN
epaa-273	301	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	302	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	302	2	implies	imply	VERB
epaa-273	302	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	302	4	narrowed	narrow	VERB
epaa-273	302	5	meaning	meaning	NOUN
epaa-273	302	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	302	7	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	302	8	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	302	9	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	302	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	302	11	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	302	12	does	do	AUX
epaa-273	302	13	not	not	PART
epaa-273	302	14	adequately	adequately	ADV
epaa-273	302	15	sample	sample	VERB
epaa-273	302	16	some	some	DET
epaa-273	302	17	types	type	NOUN
epaa-273	302	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	302	19	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	302	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	302	21	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	302	22	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	302	23	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	302	24	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	302	25	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	302	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	302	27	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	302	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	302	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	303	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	303	2	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	303	3	validation	validation	NOUN
epaa-273	303	4	examination	examination	NOUN
epaa-273	303	5	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	303	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	303	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-273	303	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	303	9	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-273	303	10	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	303	11	a	a	DET
epaa-273	303	12	representative	representative	ADJ
epaa-273	303	13	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-273	303	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	303	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	303	16	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	303	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	303	18	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	303	19	needed	need	VERB
epaa-273	303	20	to	to	PART
epaa-273	303	21	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-273	303	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	303	23	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	303	24	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	303	25	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-273	303	26	adequately	adequately	ADV
epaa-273	303	27	-often	-often	VERB
epaa-273	303	28	referred	refer	VERB
epaa-273	303	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	303	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	303	31	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	303	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	303	33	relatedness	relatedness	NOUN
epaa-273	303	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	304	1	to	to	PART
epaa-273	304	2	content	content	VERB
epaa-273	304	3	validate	validate	VERB
epaa-273	304	4	a	a	DET
epaa-273	304	5	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	304	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	304	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	304	8	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	304	9	writers	writer	NOUN
epaa-273	304	10	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	304	11	examine	examine	VERB
epaa-273	304	12	all	all	DET
epaa-273	304	13	elements	element	NOUN
epaa-273	304	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	304	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	304	16	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	304	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	304	18	try	try	VERB
epaa-273	304	19	to	to	PART
epaa-273	304	20	ascertain	ascertain	VERB
epaa-273	304	21	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	304	22	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	304	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	304	24	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	304	25	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-273	304	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	304	27	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-273	304	28	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-273	304	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	304	30	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	304	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	304	32	skill	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	304	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	305	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	305	2	extent	extent	NOUN
epaa-273	305	3	to	to	PART
epaa-273	305	4	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	305	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	305	6	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	305	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	305	8	underrepresented	underrepresented	ADJ
epaa-273	305	9	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	305	10	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
epaa-273	305	11	becomes	become	VERB
epaa-273	305	12	a	a	DET
epaa-273	305	13	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	305	14	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-273	305	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	306	1	proportionality	proportionality	NOUN
epaa-273	306	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	306	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	306	4	items	item	NOUN
epaa-273	306	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	306	6	another	another	DET
epaa-273	306	7	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	306	8	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	306	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	307	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	307	2	order	order	NOUN
epaa-273	307	3	to	to	PART
epaa-273	307	4	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-273	307	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	307	6	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	307	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	307	8	representativeness	representativeness	NOUN
epaa-273	307	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	307	10	proportionality	proportionality	NOUN
epaa-273	307	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	307	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	307	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	307	14	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	307	15	reflect	reflect	VERB
epaa-273	307	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	307	17	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-273	307	18	breadth	breadth	NOUN
epaa-273	307	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	307	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	307	21	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	307	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	307	23	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	307	24	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	307	25	place	place	VERB
epaa-273	307	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	307	27	greatest	great	ADJ
epaa-273	307	28	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-273	307	29	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	307	30	the	the	DET
epaa-273	307	31	most	most	ADV
epaa-273	307	32	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-273	307	33	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	307	34	within	within	ADP
epaa-273	307	35	the	the	DET
epaa-273	307	36	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	307	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	308	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	308	2	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	308	3	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	308	4	sampled	sample	VERB
epaa-273	308	5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	308	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	308	7	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-273	308	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	308	9	part	part	NOUN
epaa-273	308	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	308	11	a	a	DET
epaa-273	308	12	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	308	13	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	308	14	not	not	PART
epaa-273	308	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	308	16	representative	representative	ADJ
epaa-273	308	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	309	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	309	2	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	309	3	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	309	4	put	put	VERB
epaa-273	309	5	great	great	ADJ
epaa-273	309	6	weight	weight	NOUN
epaa-273	309	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	309	8	insignificant	insignificant	ADJ
epaa-273	309	9	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	309	10	marginally	marginally	ADV
epaa-273	309	11	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	309	12	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	309	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	309	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	309	15	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	309	16	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	309	17	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	309	18	disproportionate	disproportionate	ADJ
epaa-273	309	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	310	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	310	2	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-273	310	3	years	year	NOUN
epaa-273	310	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	310	5	these	these	DET
epaa-273	310	6	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	310	7	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	310	8	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	310	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	310	10	major	major	ADJ
epaa-273	310	11	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-273	310	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	310	13	determining	determine	VERB
epaa-273	310	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	310	15	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	310	16	defensibility	defensibility	NOUN
epaa-273	310	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	310	18	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-273	310	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	310	20	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-273	310	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	310	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	310	23	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	310	24	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	310	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	310	26	mcdonough	mcdonough	PROPN
epaa-273	310	27	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	310	28	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-273	310	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	310	30	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-273	310	31	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	310	32	sireci	sireci	NOUN
epaa-273	310	33	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	310	34	green	green	ADJ
epaa-273	310	35	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	310	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	310	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	311	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-273	311	2	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-273	311	3	sufficiency	sufficiency	NOUN
epaa-273	311	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	311	5	relevancy	relevancy	NOUN
epaa-273	311	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	311	7	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	311	8	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	311	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	311	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	311	11	construction	construction	NOUN
epaa-273	311	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	311	13	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	311	14	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	311	15	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	311	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	311	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	311	18	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	311	19	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	311	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	311	21	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	311	22	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	311	23	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	311	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	311	25	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	311	26	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	311	27	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	311	28	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	311	29	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	311	30	standard	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	311	31	14.4	14.4	NUM
epaa-273	311	32	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	311	33	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	311	34	all	all	DET
epaa-273	311	35	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	311	36	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	311	37	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	311	38	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-273	311	39	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	311	40	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	311	41	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
epaa-273	311	42	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	311	43	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	311	44	outputs	output	NOUN
epaa-273	311	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	311	46	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	311	47	the	the	DET
epaa-273	311	48	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	311	49	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	311	50	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	311	51	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	311	52	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	311	53	relevant	relevant	ADJ
epaa-273	311	54	training	training	NOUN
epaa-273	311	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	311	56	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	311	57	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-273	311	58	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	311	59	an	an	DET
epaa-273	311	60	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	311	61	review	review	NOUN
epaa-273	311	62	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	311	63	information	information	NOUN
epaa-273	311	64	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	311	65	the	the	DET
epaa-273	311	66	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	311	67	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	312	1	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-273	312	2	15	15	NUM
epaa-273	312	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	312	4	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	312	5	14.9	14.9	NUM
epaa-273	312	6	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	312	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	312	8	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	312	9	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	312	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	312	11	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	312	12	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	312	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	312	14	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	312	15	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	312	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	312	17	a	a	DET
epaa-273	312	18	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-273	312	19	source	source	NOUN
epaa-273	312	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	312	21	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	312	22	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	312	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	312	24	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	312	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	312	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	312	27	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	312	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	312	29	a	a	DET
epaa-273	312	30	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	312	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	312	32	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-273	312	33	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	312	34	promotion	promotion	NOUN
epaa-273	312	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	312	36	a	a	DET
epaa-273	312	37	close	close	ADJ
epaa-273	312	38	link	link	NOUN
epaa-273	312	39	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	312	40	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	312	41	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	312	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	312	43	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	312	44	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	312	45	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	312	46	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	312	47	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	312	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	313	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	313	2	rational	rational	ADJ
epaa-273	313	3	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-273	313	4	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	313	5	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	313	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	313	7	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-273	313	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	313	9	a	a	DET
epaa-273	313	10	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	313	11	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	313	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	313	13	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	313	14	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
epaa-273	313	15	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-273	313	16	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	313	17	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	313	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	313	19	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	313	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	313	21	usually	usually	ADV
epaa-273	313	22	established	establish	VERB
epaa-273	313	23	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	313	24	conducting	conduct	VERB
epaa-273	313	25	a	a	DET
epaa-273	313	26	thorough	thorough	ADJ
epaa-273	313	27	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	313	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	313	29	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	313	30	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	313	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	313	32	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-273	313	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	314	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	314	2	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	314	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-273	314	4	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	314	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	314	6	thought	think	VERB
epaa-273	314	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	314	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	314	9	a	a	DET
epaa-273	314	10	very	very	ADV
epaa-273	314	11	detailed	detailed	ADJ
epaa-273	314	12	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	314	13	description	description	NOUN
epaa-273	314	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	314	15	breaking	break	VERB
epaa-273	314	16	down	down	ADP
epaa-273	314	17	a	a	DET
epaa-273	314	18	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-273	314	19	into	into	ADP
epaa-273	314	20	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	314	21	domains	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	314	22	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	314	23	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	314	24	characterized	characterize	VERB
epaa-273	314	25	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	314	26	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	314	27	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	314	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	315	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	315	2	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	315	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	315	4	further	far	ADV
epaa-273	315	5	delineated	delineate	VERB
epaa-273	315	6	into	into	ADP
epaa-273	315	7	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	315	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	315	9	skill	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	315	10	statements	statement	NOUN
epaa-273	315	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	315	12	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-273	315	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	315	14	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-273	315	15	qualities	quality	NOUN
epaa-273	315	16	needed	need	VERB
epaa-273	315	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	315	18	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-273	315	19	each	each	DET
epaa-273	315	20	task	task	NOUN
epaa-273	315	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	315	22	sireci	sireci	NOUN
epaa-273	315	23	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	315	24	green	green	ADJ
epaa-273	315	25	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	315	26	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	315	27	pullin	pullin	PROPN
epaa-273	315	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	315	29	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	315	30	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	315	31	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	315	32	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	315	33	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	315	34	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	315	35	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	315	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	315	37	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	315	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	315	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	316	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	316	2	a	a	DET
epaa-273	316	3	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	316	4	attempts	attempt	VERB
epaa-273	316	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	316	6	sample	sample	VERB
epaa-273	316	7	a	a	DET
epaa-273	316	8	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	316	9	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-273	316	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	316	11	to	to	PART
epaa-273	316	12	review	review	VERB
epaa-273	316	13	a	a	DET
epaa-273	316	14	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-273	316	15	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	316	16	product	product	NOUN
epaa-273	316	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	316	18	then	then	ADV
epaa-273	316	19	these	these	PRON
epaa-273	316	20	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	316	21	approximate	approximate	VERB
epaa-273	316	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	316	23	real	real	ADJ
epaa-273	316	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	316	25	world	world	NOUN
epaa-273	316	26	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	316	27	setting	set	VERB
epaa-273	316	28	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	316	29	much	much	ADV
epaa-273	316	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	316	31	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-273	316	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	316	33	eeoc	eeoc	PROPN
epaa-273	316	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	316	35	1978	1978	NUM
epaa-273	316	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	316	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	317	1	not	not	PART
epaa-273	317	2	all	all	DET
epaa-273	317	3	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	317	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	317	5	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	317	6	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	317	7	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	317	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	317	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	317	10	tested	test	VERB
epaa-273	317	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	317	12	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	317	13	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-273	317	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	317	15	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	317	16	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	317	17	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	317	18	fairly	fairly	ADV
epaa-273	317	19	representative	representative	ADJ
epaa-273	317	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	317	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	317	22	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	317	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	317	24	question	question	NOUN
epaa-273	317	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	317	26	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	317	27	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	317	28	look	look	VERB
epaa-273	317	29	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	317	30	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-273	317	31	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	317	32	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	317	33	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	317	34	sample	sample	VERB
epaa-273	317	35	only	only	ADV
epaa-273	317	36	a	a	DET
epaa-273	317	37	small	small	ADJ
epaa-273	317	38	part	part	NOUN
epaa-273	317	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	317	40	the	the	DET
epaa-273	317	41	total	total	ADJ
epaa-273	317	42	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	317	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	318	1	ada	ada	PROPN
epaa-273	318	2	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	318	3	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-273	318	4	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	318	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	318	6	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	318	7	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-273	318	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	318	9	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	318	10	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-273	318	11	functions	function	NOUN
epaa-273	318	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	318	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	318	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	318	15	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	318	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	318	17	pullin	pullin	NOUN
epaa-273	318	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	318	19	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	318	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	318	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	319	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-273	319	2	psychometricians	psychometrician	NOUN
epaa-273	319	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	319	4	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	319	5	now	now	ADV
epaa-273	319	6	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	319	7	a	a	DET
epaa-273	319	8	disparity	disparity	NOUN
epaa-273	319	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	319	10	opinion	opinion	NOUN
epaa-273	319	11	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	319	12	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	319	13	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	319	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	319	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	319	16	content	content	ADJ
epaa-273	319	17	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	319	18	remains	remain	VERB
epaa-273	319	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	319	20	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-273	319	21	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	319	22	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	319	23	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	319	24	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	319	25	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	319	26	making	make	VERB
epaa-273	319	27	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	319	28	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	319	29	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	319	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	319	31	pascoe	pascoe	PROPN
epaa-273	319	32	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	319	33	halpin	halpin	PROPN
epaa-273	319	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	319	35	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	319	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	319	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	320	1	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	320	2	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-273	320	3	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	320	4	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	320	5	an	an	DET
epaa-273	320	6	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	320	7	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	320	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	320	9	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	320	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	320	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	320	12	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-273	320	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	320	14	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-273	320	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	320	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	320	17	past	past	ADJ
epaa-273	320	18	twenty	twenty	NUM
epaa-273	320	19	years	year	NOUN
epaa-273	320	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	321	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	321	2	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-273	321	3	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	321	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	321	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	321	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	321	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	321	8	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	321	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	321	10	a	a	DET
epaa-273	321	11	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-273	321	12	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-273	321	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	321	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	321	15	rational	rational	ADJ
epaa-273	321	16	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-273	321	17	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	321	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	321	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	321	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	321	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	321	22	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	321	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	321	24	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	321	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	321	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	321	27	abilities	ability	NOUN
epaa-273	321	28	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	321	29	to	to	PART
epaa-273	321	30	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	321	31	the	the	DET
epaa-273	321	32	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	321	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	321	34	mcdonough	mcdonough	PROPN
epaa-273	321	35	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	321	36	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-273	321	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	321	38	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-273	321	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	321	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	322	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	322	2	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	322	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	322	4	relatedness	relatedness	NOUN
epaa-273	322	5	standard	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	322	6	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	322	7	a	a	DET
epaa-273	322	8	major	major	ADJ
epaa-273	322	9	factor	factor	NOUN
epaa-273	322	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	322	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	322	12	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	322	13	finding	finding	NOUN
epaa-273	322	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	322	15	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-273	322	16	beth	beth	PROPN
epaa-273	322	17	joanne	joanne	PROPN
epaa-273	322	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	322	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	322	20	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	322	21	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	322	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	323	1	lee	lee	PROPN
epaa-273	323	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	323	3	owens	owens	PROPN
epaa-273	323	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	323	5	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	323	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	323	7	asserted	assert	VERB
epaa-273	323	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	323	9	most	most	ADJ
epaa-273	323	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	323	11	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	323	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	323	13	training	training	NOUN
epaa-273	323	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	323	15	development	development	NOUN
epaa-273	323	16	companies	company	NOUN
epaa-273	323	17	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	323	18	not	not	PART
epaa-273	323	19	conduct	conduct	VERB
epaa-273	323	20	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	323	21	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-273	323	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	323	23	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	323	24	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-273	323	25	-lack	-lack	NOUN
epaa-273	323	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	323	27	skill	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	323	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	323	29	conducting	conduct	VERB
epaa-273	323	30	these	these	DET
epaa-273	323	31	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-273	323	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	323	33	fear	fear	NOUN
epaa-273	323	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	323	35	spending	spend	VERB
epaa-273	323	36	the	the	DET
epaa-273	323	37	money	money	NOUN
epaa-273	323	38	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	323	39	takes	take	VERB
epaa-273	323	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	324	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	324	2	concluded	conclude	VERB
epaa-273	324	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	324	4	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	324	5	only	only	ADV
epaa-273	324	6	those	those	DET
epaa-273	324	7	companies	company	NOUN
epaa-273	324	8	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	324	9	had	have	AUX
epaa-273	324	10	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	324	11	sued	sue	VERB
epaa-273	324	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	324	13	unfair	unfair	ADJ
epaa-273	324	14	business	business	NOUN
epaa-273	324	15	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	324	16	had	have	AUX
epaa-273	324	17	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-273	324	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	324	19	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-273	324	20	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-273	324	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	324	22	defending	defend	VERB
epaa-273	324	23	themselves	themselves	PRON
epaa-273	324	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	324	25	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	324	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	324	27	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	324	28	might	might	AUX
epaa-273	324	29	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	324	30	decided	decide	VERB
epaa-273	324	31	to	to	PART
epaa-273	324	32	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-273	324	33	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	324	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	324	35	conduct	conduct	VERB
epaa-273	324	36	the	the	DET
epaa-273	324	37	needed	need	VERB
epaa-273	324	38	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-273	324	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	325	1	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	325	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	325	3	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	325	4	error	error	NOUN
epaa-273	325	5	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	325	6	refers	refer	VERB
epaa-273	325	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	325	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	325	9	consistency	consistency	NOUN
epaa-273	325	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	325	11	measurements	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	325	12	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	325	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	325	14	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	325	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	325	16	repeated	repeat	VERB
epaa-273	325	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	326	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	326	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	326	3	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-273	326	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	326	5	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	326	6	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	326	7	a	a	DET
epaa-273	326	8	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-273	326	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	326	10	stability	stability	NOUN
epaa-273	326	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	326	12	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	326	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	326	14	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	326	15	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	326	16	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	326	17	needs	need	VERB
epaa-273	326	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	326	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	326	20	an	an	DET
epaa-273	326	21	accounting	accounting	NOUN
epaa-273	326	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	326	23	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	326	24	error	error	NOUN
epaa-273	326	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	326	26	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	326	27	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	326	28	variability	variability	NOUN
epaa-273	326	29	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	326	30	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	326	31	not	not	PART
epaa-273	326	32	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	326	33	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	326	34	the	the	DET
epaa-273	326	35	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	326	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	326	37	the	the	DET
epaa-273	326	38	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	326	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	1	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	327	2	error	error	NOUN
epaa-273	327	3	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	327	4	come	come	VERB
epaa-273	327	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	327	6	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-273	327	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	327	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	327	9	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-273	327	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	327	11	different	different	ADJ
epaa-273	327	12	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	327	13	forms	form	NOUN
epaa-273	327	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	15	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-273	327	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	17	different	different	ADJ
epaa-273	327	18	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	327	19	samples	sample	NOUN
epaa-273	327	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	327	21	different	different	ADJ
epaa-273	327	22	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	327	23	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	24	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	327	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	26	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	27	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
epaa-273	327	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	327	29	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-273	327	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	31	interest	interest	NOUN
epaa-273	327	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	33	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	327	34	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-273	327	35	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	36	intervention	intervention	NOUN
epaa-273	327	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	38	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-273	327	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	40	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	327	41	maturation	maturation	NOUN
epaa-273	327	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	43	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-273	327	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	45	uneven	uneven	ADJ
epaa-273	327	46	help	help	NOUN
epaa-273	327	47	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	327	48	completing	complete	VERB
epaa-273	327	49	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	327	50	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	327	51	assembling	assemble	VERB
epaa-273	327	52	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	327	53	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	327	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	328	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	328	2	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	328	3	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	328	4	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	328	5	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	328	6	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	328	7	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	328	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	328	9	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	328	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	328	11	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-273	328	12	address	address	VERB
epaa-273	328	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	328	14	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-273	328	15	development	development	NOUN
epaa-273	328	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	328	17	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	328	18	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	328	19	large	large	ADJ
epaa-273	328	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	328	21	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-273	328	22	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	328	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	328	24	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	328	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	328	26	16	16	NUM
epaa-273	328	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	328	28	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	328	29	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-273	328	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	328	31	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-273	328	32	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	328	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	328	34	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	328	35	examinees	examine	VERB
epaa-273	328	36	select	select	VERB
epaa-273	328	37	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	328	38	own	own	ADJ
epaa-273	328	39	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	328	40	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	328	41	work	work	VERB
epaa-273	328	42	cooperatively	cooperatively	ADV
epaa-273	328	43	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	328	44	completing	complete	VERB
epaa-273	328	45	the	the	DET
epaa-273	328	46	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	328	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	329	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	329	2	note	note	VERB
epaa-273	329	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	329	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	329	5	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	329	6	examinations	examination	NOUN
epaa-273	329	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	329	8	this	this	DET
epaa-273	329	9	kind	kind	NOUN
epaa-273	329	10	raise	raise	VERB
epaa-273	329	11	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-273	329	12	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	329	13	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-273	329	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	329	15	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	329	16	represented	represent	VERB
epaa-273	329	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	329	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	329	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	329	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	329	21	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	329	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	329	23	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
epaa-273	329	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	329	25	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-273	329	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	329	27	group	group	NOUN
epaa-273	329	28	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	329	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	330	1	each	each	DET
epaa-273	330	2	step	step	NOUN
epaa-273	330	3	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-273	330	4	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-273	330	5	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
epaa-273	330	6	almost	almost	ADV
epaa-273	330	7	inevitably	inevitably	ADV
epaa-273	330	8	enlarges	enlarge	VERB
epaa-273	330	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	330	10	scope	scope	NOUN
epaa-273	330	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	330	12	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
epaa-273	330	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	330	14	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	330	15	error	error	NOUN
epaa-273	330	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	330	17	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	331	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	331	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-273	331	3	26	26	NUM
epaa-273	331	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	331	5	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	331	6	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	331	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	331	8	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	331	9	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	331	10	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	331	11	university	university	NOUN
epaa-273	331	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	332	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	332	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	332	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-273	332	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	332	5	information	information	NOUN
epaa-273	332	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	332	7	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	332	8	error	error	NOUN
epaa-273	332	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	332	10	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-273	332	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	332	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	332	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	332	14	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	332	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	332	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	332	17	a	a	DET
epaa-273	332	18	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-273	332	19	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-273	332	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	332	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	332	22	a	a	DET
epaa-273	332	23	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	332	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	332	25	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	332	26	samples	sample	NOUN
epaa-273	332	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	332	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	332	29	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	332	30	forms	form	NOUN
epaa-273	332	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	332	32	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	332	33	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	332	34	techniques	technique	NOUN
epaa-273	332	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	333	1	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	333	2	no	no	DET
epaa-273	333	3	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	333	4	developer	developer	NOUN
epaa-273	333	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	333	6	exempt	exempt	ADJ
epaa-273	333	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	333	8	this	this	DET
epaa-273	333	9	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-273	333	10	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	333	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	333	12	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-273	333	13	27	27	NUM
epaa-273	333	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	333	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	334	1	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	334	2	information	information	NOUN
epaa-273	334	3	to	to	PART
epaa-273	334	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	334	5	obtained	obtain	VERB
epaa-273	334	6	includes	include	VERB
epaa-273	334	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	334	8	sources	source	NOUN
epaa-273	334	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	334	10	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	334	11	error	error	NOUN
epaa-273	334	12	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	334	13	summary	summary	NOUN
epaa-273	334	14	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-273	334	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	334	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	334	17	size	size	NOUN
epaa-273	334	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	334	19	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	334	20	errors	error	NOUN
epaa-273	334	21	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	334	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	334	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	334	24	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-273	334	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	334	26	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
epaa-273	334	27	across	across	ADP
epaa-273	334	28	alternate	alternate	ADJ
epaa-273	334	29	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	334	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	334	31	forms	form	NOUN
epaa-273	334	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	334	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	334	34	administrations	administration	NOUN
epaa-273	334	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	335	1	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-273	335	2	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	335	3	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	335	4	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-273	335	5	subjectivity	subjectivity	NOUN
epaa-273	335	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	335	7	indexes	index	NOUN
epaa-273	335	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	335	9	scorer	scorer	NOUN
epaa-273	335	10	consistency	consistency	NOUN
epaa-273	335	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	335	12	often	often	ADV
epaa-273	335	13	called	call	VERB
epaa-273	335	14	inter	inter	ADJ
epaa-273	335	15	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	335	16	rated	rate	VERB
epaa-273	335	17	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	335	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	335	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	335	20	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	335	21	common	common	ADJ
epaa-273	335	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	336	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	336	2	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	336	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	336	4	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-273	336	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	336	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	336	7	above	above	ADJ
epaa-273	336	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	336	9	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	336	10	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	336	11	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-273	336	12	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	336	13	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	336	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	336	15	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	336	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	336	17	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	336	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	336	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	336	20	studied	study	VERB
epaa-273	336	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	337	1	inter	inter	ADJ
epaa-273	337	2	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	337	3	rater	rater	ADJ
epaa-273	337	4	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	337	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	337	6	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	337	7	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	337	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	337	9	these	these	DET
epaa-273	337	10	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	337	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	338	2	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-273	338	3	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	338	4	contribute	contribute	VERB
epaa-273	338	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	338	6	error	error	NOUN
epaa-273	338	7	including	include	VERB
epaa-273	338	8	rater	rater	NOUN
epaa-273	338	9	training	training	NOUN
epaa-273	338	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	11	rater	rater	ADJ
epaa-273	338	12	mood	mood	NOUN
epaa-273	338	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	338	14	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
epaa-273	338	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	16	unclear	unclear	ADJ
epaa-273	338	17	directions	direction	NOUN
epaa-273	338	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	19	number	number	NOUN
epaa-273	338	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	338	21	items	item	NOUN
epaa-273	338	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	23	variations	variation	NOUN
epaa-273	338	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	338	25	the	the	DET
epaa-273	338	26	types	type	NOUN
epaa-273	338	27	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	338	28	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-273	338	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	338	30	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	338	31	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
epaa-273	338	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	33	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-273	338	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	35	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	338	36	selected	select	VERB
epaa-273	338	37	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	338	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	338	39	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	338	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	42	unequal	unequal	ADJ
epaa-273	338	43	assistance	assistance	NOUN
epaa-273	338	44	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-273	338	45	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	338	46	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	338	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	48	cheating	cheat	VERB
epaa-273	338	49	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	50	those	those	DET
epaa-273	338	51	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	338	52	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	338	53	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	338	54	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	338	55	sold	sell	VERB
epaa-273	338	56	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	338	57	distributed	distribute	VERB
epaa-273	338	58	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	338	59	campus	campus	NOUN
epaa-273	338	60	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	338	61	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	338	62	the	the	DET
epaa-273	338	63	internet	internet	NOUN
epaa-273	338	64	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	65	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	338	66	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	338	67	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	338	68	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	338	69	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-273	338	70	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	339	1	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	339	2	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	339	3	rely	rely	VERB
epaa-273	339	4	almost	almost	ADV
epaa-273	339	5	exclusively	exclusively	ADV
epaa-273	339	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	339	7	an	an	DET
epaa-273	339	8	inter	inter	ADJ
epaa-273	339	9	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	339	10	rater	rater	ADJ
epaa-273	339	11	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	339	12	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	339	13	to	to	PART
epaa-273	339	14	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	339	15	handle	handle	VERB
epaa-273	339	16	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	339	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	339	18	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	339	19	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	339	20	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	339	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	339	22	jeopardy	jeopardy	NOUN
epaa-273	339	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	340	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	340	2	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	340	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	340	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	340	5	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	340	6	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	340	7	sources	source	NOUN
epaa-273	340	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	340	9	error	error	NOUN
epaa-273	340	10	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	340	11	go	go	VERB
epaa-273	340	12	undetected	undetected	ADJ
epaa-273	340	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	340	14	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-273	340	15	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	340	16	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	340	17	evaluators	evaluator	NOUN
epaa-273	340	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	340	19	just	just	ADV
epaa-273	340	20	plain	plain	ADV
epaa-273	340	21	tired	tired	ADJ
epaa-273	340	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	340	23	reading	read	VERB
epaa-273	340	24	so	so	ADV
epaa-273	340	25	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	340	26	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	340	27	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	340	28	angry	angry	ADJ
epaa-273	340	29	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	340	30	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	340	31	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	340	32	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	340	33	forced	force	VERB
epaa-273	340	34	to	to	PART
epaa-273	340	35	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	340	36	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	340	37	just	just	ADV
epaa-273	340	38	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	340	39	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-273	340	40	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	340	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	341	1	combined	combine	VERB
epaa-273	341	2	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	341	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	341	4	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-273	341	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	341	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	341	7	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-273	341	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	341	9	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	341	10	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	341	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	341	12	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	341	13	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-273	341	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	341	15	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-273	341	16	construct	construct	VERB
epaa-273	341	17	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
epaa-273	341	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	341	19	underrepresented	underrepresented	ADJ
epaa-273	341	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	341	21	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	341	22	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	341	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	341	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	341	25	those	those	DET
epaa-273	341	26	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	341	27	inter	inter	ADJ
epaa-273	341	28	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	341	29	rater	rater	ADJ
epaa-273	341	30	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	341	31	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	341	32	only	only	ADV
epaa-273	341	33	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-273	341	34	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	341	35	raters	rater	NOUN
epaa-273	341	36	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	341	37	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	341	38	tired	tired	ADJ
epaa-273	341	39	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	341	40	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-273	341	41	rating	rate	VERB
epaa-273	341	42	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-273	341	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	341	44	halo	halo	NOUN
epaa-273	341	45	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-273	341	46	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	341	47	the	the	DET
epaa-273	341	48	wrong	wrong	ADJ
epaa-273	341	49	stuff	stuff	NOUN
epaa-273	341	50	just	just	ADV
epaa-273	341	51	to	to	PART
epaa-273	341	52	get	get	AUX
epaa-273	341	53	finished	finish	VERB
epaa-273	341	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	342	1	cut	cut	NOUN
epaa-273	342	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	342	3	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	342	4	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	342	5	an	an	DET
epaa-273	342	6	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	342	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	342	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	342	9	doe	doe	NOUN
epaa-273	342	10	develops	develop	VERB
epaa-273	342	11	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	342	12	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	342	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	342	14	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	342	15	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	342	16	ask	ask	VERB
epaa-273	342	17	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	342	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	342	19	not	not	PART
epaa-273	342	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	342	21	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	342	22	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-273	342	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	342	24	relevant	relevant	ADJ
epaa-273	342	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	342	26	making	make	VERB
epaa-273	342	27	the	the	DET
epaa-273	342	28	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	342	29	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	342	30	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-273	342	31	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-273	342	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	342	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	342	34	the	the	DET
epaa-273	342	35	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-273	342	36	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	342	37	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	342	38	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	342	39	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	342	40	the	the	DET
epaa-273	342	41	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	342	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	343	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	343	2	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	343	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	343	4	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	343	5	any	any	DET
epaa-273	343	6	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	343	7	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	343	8	device	device	NOUN
epaa-273	343	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	343	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	343	11	this	this	DET
epaa-273	343	12	context	context	NOUN
epaa-273	343	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	343	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	343	15	a	a	DET
epaa-273	343	16	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
epaa-273	343	17	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	343	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	343	19	targeted	target	VERB
epaa-273	343	20	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	343	21	sorting	sort	VERB
epaa-273	343	22	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	343	23	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	343	24	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	343	25	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	343	26	allowed	allow	VERB
epaa-273	343	27	to	to	PART
epaa-273	343	28	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-273	343	29	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	343	30	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	343	31	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	343	32	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	343	33	not	not	PART
epaa-273	343	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	343	35	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	343	36	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	343	37	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	343	38	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	343	39	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	343	40	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	343	41	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-273	343	42	to	to	PART
epaa-273	343	43	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	343	44	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	343	45	the	the	DET
epaa-273	343	46	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	343	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	344	1	designing	design	VERB
epaa-273	344	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	344	3	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	344	4	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	344	5	includes	include	VERB
epaa-273	344	6	deciding	decide	VERB
epaa-273	344	7	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	344	8	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-273	344	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	344	10	to	to	PART
epaa-273	344	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	344	12	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-273	344	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	344	14	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	344	15	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	344	16	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	344	17	a	a	DET
epaa-273	344	18	series	series	NOUN
epaa-273	344	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	344	20	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	344	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	344	22	to	to	PART
epaa-273	344	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	344	24	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	344	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	344	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	344	27	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	344	28	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-273	344	29	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	344	30	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	344	31	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	344	32	to	to	PART
epaa-273	344	33	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	344	34	combined	combine	VERB
epaa-273	344	35	to	to	PART
epaa-273	344	36	reach	reach	VERB
epaa-273	344	37	an	an	DET
epaa-273	344	38	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-273	344	39	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	344	40	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	344	41	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	344	42	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	344	43	not	not	PART
epaa-273	344	44	the	the	DET
epaa-273	344	45	examinee	examinee	NOUN
epaa-273	344	46	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	344	47	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-273	344	48	to	to	PART
epaa-273	344	49	engage	engage	VERB
epaa-273	344	50	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	344	51	safe	safe	ADJ
epaa-273	344	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	344	53	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	344	54	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	344	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	345	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	345	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	345	3	not	not	PART
epaa-273	345	4	only	only	ADV
epaa-273	345	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	345	6	internal	internal	ADJ
epaa-273	345	7	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	345	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	345	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	345	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	345	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	345	12	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	345	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	345	14	judged	judge	VERB
epaa-273	345	15	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-273	345	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	345	17	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	345	18	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	345	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	345	20	way	way	NOUN
epaa-273	345	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	345	22	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	345	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	345	24	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	345	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	345	26	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	345	27	to	to	PART
epaa-273	345	28	identify	identify	VERB
epaa-273	345	29	masters	master	NOUN
epaa-273	345	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	345	31	non	non	ADJ
epaa-273	345	32	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	345	33	masters	master	NOUN
epaa-273	345	34	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	345	35	successes	success	NOUN
epaa-273	345	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	345	37	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-273	345	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	346	1	defining	define	VERB
epaa-273	346	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	346	3	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-273	346	4	level	level	NOUN
epaa-273	346	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	346	6	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	346	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	346	8	skill	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	346	9	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	346	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	346	11	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	346	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	346	13	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	346	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	346	15	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	346	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	346	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	346	18	most	most	ADV
epaa-273	346	19	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	346	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	346	21	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-273	346	22	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	346	23	facing	face	VERB
epaa-273	346	24	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	346	25	responsible	responsible	ADJ
epaa-273	346	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	346	27	credentialing	credentiale	VERB
epaa-273	346	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	347	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	347	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	347	3	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
epaa-273	347	4	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	347	5	identifying	identify	VERB
epaa-273	347	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	347	7	verifying	verify	VERB
epaa-273	347	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	347	9	cut	cut	ADJ
epaa-273	347	10	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	347	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	347	12	17	17	NUM
epaa-273	347	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	347	14	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	347	15	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	347	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	347	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	347	18	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	347	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	347	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	347	21	a	a	DET
epaa-273	347	22	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	347	23	element	element	NOUN
epaa-273	347	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	347	25	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	347	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	348	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	348	2	cut	cut	NOUN
epaa-273	348	3	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	348	4	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	348	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	348	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	348	7	enough	enough	ADV
epaa-273	348	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	348	9	protect	protect	VERB
epaa-273	348	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	348	11	public	public	NOUN
epaa-273	348	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	348	13	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	348	14	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	348	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	348	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	348	17	practitioner	practitioner	NOUN
epaa-273	348	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	348	19	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	348	20	not	not	PART
epaa-273	348	21	so	so	ADV
epaa-273	348	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	348	23	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	348	24	to	to	PART
epaa-273	348	25	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	348	26	unreasonably	unreasonably	ADV
epaa-273	348	27	limiting	limit	VERB
epaa-273	348	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	349	1	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	349	2	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	349	3	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	349	4	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	349	5	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	349	6	standard	standard	PROPN
epaa-273	349	7	14.13	14.13	NUM
epaa-273	349	8	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	349	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	349	10	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	349	11	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	349	12	makers	maker	NOUN
epaa-273	349	13	integrate	integrate	VERB
epaa-273	349	14	information	information	NOUN
epaa-273	349	15	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	349	16	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-273	349	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	349	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	349	19	integrate	integrate	VERB
epaa-273	349	20	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	349	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	349	22	non	non	ADJ
epaa-273	349	23	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	349	24	test	test	ADJ
epaa-273	349	25	information	information	NOUN
epaa-273	349	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	349	27	the	the	DET
epaa-273	349	28	role	role	NOUN
epaa-273	349	29	played	play	VERB
epaa-273	349	30	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	349	31	each	each	DET
epaa-273	349	32	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	349	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	349	34	the	the	DET
epaa-273	349	35	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	349	36	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	349	37	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	349	38	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	349	39	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-273	349	40	explicated	explicate	VERB
epaa-273	349	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	349	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	349	43	the	the	DET
epaa-273	349	44	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	349	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	349	46	each	each	DET
epaa-273	349	47	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	349	48	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	349	49	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	349	50	composite	composite	NOUN
epaa-273	349	51	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	349	52	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	349	53	supported	support	VERB
epaa-273	349	54	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	349	55	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	349	56	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	349	57	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	350	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	350	2	some	some	DET
epaa-273	350	3	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-273	350	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	350	5	an	an	DET
epaa-273	350	6	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
epaa-273	350	7	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	350	8	level	level	NOUN
epaa-273	350	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	350	10	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	350	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	350	12	each	each	DET
epaa-273	350	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	350	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	350	15	an	an	DET
epaa-273	350	16	examination	examination	NOUN
epaa-273	350	17	series	series	NOUN
epaa-273	350	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	1	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-273	351	2	setting	setting	NOUN
epaa-273	351	3	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	351	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	5	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-273	351	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	7	angoff	angoff	NOUN
epaa-273	351	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	351	10	designed	design	VERB
epaa-273	351	11	to	to	PART
epaa-273	351	12	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-273	351	13	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-273	351	14	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	351	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	351	16	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
epaa-273	351	17	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	351	18	worthy	worthy	ADJ
epaa-273	351	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	351	20	a	a	DET
epaa-273	351	21	credential	credential	NOUN
epaa-273	351	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	351	23	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	351	24	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	351	25	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	351	26	not	not	PART
epaa-273	351	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	28	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	351	29	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	351	30	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	351	31	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	351	32	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	351	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	34	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	351	35	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	36	mcdonough	mcdonough	PROPN
epaa-273	351	37	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	351	38	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-273	351	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	40	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-273	351	41	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	42	sireci	sireci	NOUN
epaa-273	351	43	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	351	44	green	green	PROPN
epaa-273	351	45	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	351	46	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	47	kane	kane	PROPN
epaa-273	351	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	49	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-273	351	50	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	351	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	352	1	section	section	NOUN
epaa-273	352	2	iv	iv	NUM
epaa-273	352	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	352	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	352	5	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	352	6	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	352	7	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-273	352	8	guidance	guidance	NOUN
epaa-273	352	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	352	10	this	this	DET
epaa-273	352	11	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	352	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	353	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	353	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	353	3	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	353	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	353	5	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	353	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	353	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	353	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	353	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	353	10	cut	cut	NOUN
epaa-273	353	11	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	353	12	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	353	13	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-273	353	14	an	an	DET
epaa-273	353	15	informed	informed	ADJ
epaa-273	353	16	judgment	judgment	NOUN
epaa-273	353	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	353	18	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	353	19	scoring	score	VERB
epaa-273	353	20	below	below	ADP
epaa-273	353	21	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	353	22	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	353	23	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-273	353	24	to	to	PART
epaa-273	353	25	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	353	26	serious	serious	ADJ
epaa-273	353	27	errors	error	NOUN
epaa-273	353	28	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	353	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	353	30	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	353	31	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-273	353	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	353	33	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	353	34	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	353	35	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	353	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	354	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	354	2	most	most	ADV
epaa-273	354	3	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-273	354	4	part	part	NOUN
epaa-273	354	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	354	6	weighing	weigh	VERB
epaa-273	354	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	354	8	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-273	354	9	probabilities	probability	NOUN
epaa-273	354	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	354	11	false	false	ADJ
epaa-273	354	12	positives	positive	NOUN
epaa-273	354	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	354	14	keeping	keep	VERB
epaa-273	354	15	good	good	ADJ
epaa-273	354	16	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	354	17	out	out	ADP
epaa-273	354	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	354	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	354	20	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-273	354	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	354	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	354	23	false	false	ADJ
epaa-273	354	24	negatives	negative	NOUN
epaa-273	354	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	354	26	letting	let	VERB
epaa-273	354	27	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-273	354	28	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	354	29	into	into	ADP
epaa-273	354	30	the	the	DET
epaa-273	354	31	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-273	354	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	354	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	355	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	355	2	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	355	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	355	4	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-273	355	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	355	6	value	value	NOUN
epaa-273	355	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	355	8	laden	laden	ADJ
epaa-273	355	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	355	10	subjective	subjective	ADJ
epaa-273	355	11	procedure	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	355	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	355	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	355	14	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
epaa-273	355	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	355	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	355	17	judges	judge	NOUN
epaa-273	355	18	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	355	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	355	20	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-273	355	21	setting	setting	NOUN
epaa-273	355	22	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	355	23	extremely	extremely	ADV
epaa-273	355	24	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	355	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	356	1	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	356	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	356	3	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-273	356	4	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	356	5	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-273	356	6	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	356	7	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-273	356	8	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	356	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	356	10	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	356	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	356	12	outline	outline	NOUN
epaa-273	356	13	four	four	NUM
epaa-273	356	14	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-273	356	15	views	view	NOUN
epaa-273	356	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	356	17	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	356	18	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	356	19	three	three	NUM
epaa-273	356	20	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	356	21	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	356	22	discussed	discuss	VERB
epaa-273	356	23	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	356	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	356	25	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	356	26	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-273	356	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	356	28	this	this	DET
epaa-273	356	29	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	356	30	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	356	31	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-273	356	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	356	33	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	356	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	356	35	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-273	356	36	treatment	treatment	NOUN
epaa-273	356	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	356	38	the	the	DET
epaa-273	356	39	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	356	40	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	356	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	356	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	356	43	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	356	44	to	to	PART
epaa-273	356	45	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-273	356	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	357	1	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	357	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	357	3	occur	occur	VERB
epaa-273	357	4	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	357	5	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	357	6	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	357	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	357	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	357	9	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	357	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	357	11	different	different	ADJ
epaa-273	357	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	357	13	identifiable	identifiable	ADJ
epaa-273	357	14	subgroups	subgroup	NOUN
epaa-273	357	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	357	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	357	17	population	population	NOUN
epaa-273	357	18	tested	test	VERB
epaa-273	357	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	358	1	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	358	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	358	3	determined	determine	VERB
epaa-273	358	4	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	358	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	358	6	response	response	NOUN
epaa-273	358	7	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-273	358	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	358	9	these	these	DET
epaa-273	358	10	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-273	358	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	359	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	359	2	a	a	DET
epaa-273	359	3	protected	protect	VERB
epaa-273	359	4	population	population	NOUN
epaa-273	359	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	359	6	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-273	359	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	359	8	minorities	minority	NOUN
epaa-273	359	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	359	10	women	woman	NOUN
epaa-273	359	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	359	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	359	13	handicapped	handicapped	ADJ
epaa-273	359	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	359	15	performs	perform	VERB
epaa-273	359	16	worse	bad	ADJ
epaa-273	359	17	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	359	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	359	19	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-273	359	20	population	population	NOUN
epaa-273	359	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	359	22	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	359	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	359	24	an	an	DET
epaa-273	359	25	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	359	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	359	27	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	359	28	scenario	scenario	PROPN
epaa-273	359	29	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	359	30	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	359	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	359	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	360	1	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	360	2	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	360	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	360	4	occur	occur	VERB
epaa-273	360	5	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	360	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	360	7	result	result	NOUN
epaa-273	360	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	360	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	360	10	content	content	NOUN
epaa-273	360	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	360	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	360	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	360	14	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-273	360	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	361	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	361	2	language	language	NOUN
epaa-273	361	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	361	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	361	5	material	material	NOUN
epaa-273	361	6	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	361	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	361	8	emotionally	emotionally	ADV
epaa-273	361	9	disturbing	disturbing	ADJ
epaa-273	361	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	361	11	offensive	offensive	ADJ
epaa-273	361	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	361	13	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	361	14	require	require	VERB
epaa-273	361	15	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	361	16	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	361	17	common	common	ADJ
epaa-273	361	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	361	19	a	a	DET
epaa-273	361	20	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	361	21	group	group	NOUN
epaa-273	361	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	361	23	examinees	examinee	NOUN
epaa-273	361	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	362	1	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	362	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	362	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	362	4	occur	occur	VERB
epaa-273	362	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	362	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	362	7	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-273	362	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	362	9	clarity	clarity	NOUN
epaa-273	362	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	362	11	instructions	instruction	NOUN
epaa-273	362	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	362	13	scoring	score	VERB
epaa-273	362	14	rubrics	rubric	NOUN
epaa-273	362	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	362	16	credit	credit	NOUN
epaa-273	362	17	responses	response	VERB
epaa-273	362	18	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	362	19	typical	typical	ADJ
epaa-273	362	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	362	21	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	362	22	group	group	NOUN
epaa-273	362	23	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	362	24	another	another	PRON
epaa-273	362	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	363	1	another	another	DET
epaa-273	363	2	form	form	NOUN
epaa-273	363	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	363	4	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	363	5	relates	relate	VERB
epaa-273	363	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	363	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	363	8	responses	response	NOUN
epaa-273	363	9	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-273	363	10	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	363	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	363	12	examinees	examinee	NOUN
epaa-273	363	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	364	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	364	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-273	364	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	364	4	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	364	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	364	6	examinees	examinee	NOUN
epaa-273	364	7	answer	answer	VERB
epaa-273	364	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	364	9	way	way	NOUN
epaa-273	364	10	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	364	11	think	think	VERB
epaa-273	364	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	364	13	scorers	scorer	NOUN
epaa-273	364	14	want	want	VERB
epaa-273	364	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	364	16	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	364	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	364	18	an	an	DET
epaa-273	364	19	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	364	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	365	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	365	2	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	365	3	reflection	reflection	NOUN
epaa-273	365	4	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-273	365	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	365	6	dispositions	disposition	NOUN
epaa-273	365	7	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-273	365	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	365	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	365	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	365	11	example	example	NOUN
epaa-273	365	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	365	13	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	365	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	365	15	filled	fill	VERB
epaa-273	365	16	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	365	17	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	365	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	365	19	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	365	20	thinks	think	VERB
epaa-273	365	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	365	22	professors	professor	NOUN
epaa-273	365	23	want	want	VERB
epaa-273	365	24	to	to	PART
epaa-273	365	25	see	see	VERB
epaa-273	365	26	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-273	365	27	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	365	28	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	365	29	the	the	DET
epaa-273	365	30	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	365	31	really	really	ADV
epaa-273	365	32	believes	believe	VERB
epaa-273	365	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	366	1	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-273	366	2	treatment	treatment	NOUN
epaa-273	366	3	refers	refer	VERB
epaa-273	366	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	366	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	366	6	manner	manner	NOUN
epaa-273	366	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	366	8	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	366	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	366	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	366	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	366	12	administered	administer	VERB
epaa-273	366	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	367	1	all	all	DET
epaa-273	367	2	examinees	examinee	NOUN
epaa-273	367	3	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	367	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	367	5	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	367	6	comparable	comparable	ADJ
epaa-273	367	7	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	367	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	367	9	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	367	10	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	367	11	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-273	367	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	367	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	367	14	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	367	15	includes	include	VERB
epaa-273	367	16	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	367	17	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-273	367	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	367	19	familiarity	familiarity	NOUN
epaa-273	367	20	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	367	21	format	format	NOUN
epaa-273	367	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	367	23	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	367	24	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-273	367	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	367	26	etc	etc	X
epaa-273	367	27	.	.	X
epaa-273	367	28	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	367	29	to	to	PART
epaa-273	367	30	succeed	succeed	VERB
epaa-273	367	31	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	367	32	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	367	33	comparable	comparable	ADJ
epaa-273	367	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	368	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	368	2	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	368	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	368	4	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-273	368	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	368	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	368	7	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-273	368	8	available	available	ADJ
epaa-273	368	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	368	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	368	11	all	all	DET
epaa-273	368	12	examinees	examinee	NOUN
epaa-273	368	13	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	368	14	to	to	PART
epaa-273	368	15	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	368	16	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-273	368	17	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	368	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	368	19	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	368	20	input	input	NOUN
epaa-273	368	21	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	368	22	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	368	23	makers	maker	NOUN
epaa-273	368	24	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	368	25	procedural	procedural	ADJ
epaa-273	368	26	irregularities	irregularity	NOUN
epaa-273	368	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	369	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	369	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	369	3	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	369	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	369	5	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	369	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	369	7	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	369	8	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	369	9	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	369	10	has	have	VERB
epaa-273	369	11	more	more	ADJ
epaa-273	369	12	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	369	13	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	369	14	another	another	PRON
epaa-273	369	15	to	to	PART
epaa-273	369	16	succeed	succeed	VERB
epaa-273	369	17	18	18	NUM
epaa-273	369	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	369	19	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	369	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	369	21	to	to	PART
epaa-273	369	22	challenge	challenge	VERB
epaa-273	369	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	369	24	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	369	25	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	369	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	369	27	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	369	28	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-273	369	29	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	369	30	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	369	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	369	32	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	369	33	becomes	become	VERB
epaa-273	369	34	an	an	DET
epaa-273	369	35	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	369	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	370	1	these	these	PRON
epaa-273	370	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	370	3	too	too	ADV
epaa-273	370	4	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	370	5	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	370	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	370	7	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	370	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	370	9	scenario	scenario	NOUN
epaa-273	370	10	#	#	SYM
epaa-273	370	11	3	3	NUM
epaa-273	370	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	371	1	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	371	2	to	to	PART
epaa-273	371	3	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-273	371	4	requires	require	VERB
epaa-273	371	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	371	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	371	7	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	371	8	assure	assure	VERB
epaa-273	371	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	371	10	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	371	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	371	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	371	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	371	14	tested	test	VERB
epaa-273	371	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	371	16	fully	fully	ADV
epaa-273	371	17	included	include	VERB
epaa-273	371	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	371	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	371	20	specification	specification	NOUN
epaa-273	371	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	371	22	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	371	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	371	24	to	to	PART
epaa-273	371	25	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	371	26	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-273	371	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	372	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	372	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	372	3	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	372	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	372	5	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	372	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	372	7	then	then	ADV
epaa-273	372	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	372	9	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-273	372	10	reflections	reflection	NOUN
epaa-273	372	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	372	12	written	write	VERB
epaa-273	372	13	after	after	SCONJ
epaa-273	372	14	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-273	372	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	372	16	completed	complete	VERB
epaa-273	372	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	372	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	372	19	a	a	DET
epaa-273	372	20	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	372	21	component	component	NOUN
epaa-273	372	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	372	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	372	24	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-273	372	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	372	26	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	372	27	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	372	28	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	372	29	to	to	PART
epaa-273	372	30	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	372	31	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	372	32	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	372	33	had	have	AUX
epaa-273	372	34	had	have	VERB
epaa-273	372	35	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	372	36	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	372	37	to	to	PART
epaa-273	372	38	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-273	372	39	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	372	40	to	to	PART
epaa-273	372	41	self	self	NOUN
epaa-273	372	42	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	372	43	assess	assess	NOUN
epaa-273	372	44	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	372	45	the	the	DET
epaa-273	372	46	level	level	NOUN
epaa-273	372	47	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-273	372	48	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	372	49	the	the	DET
epaa-273	372	50	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	372	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	373	1	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	373	2	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	373	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	373	4	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	373	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	373	6	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	373	7	had	have	VERB
epaa-273	373	8	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	373	9	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	373	10	to	to	PART
epaa-273	373	11	produce	produce	VERB
epaa-273	373	12	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-273	373	13	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-273	373	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	373	15	class	class	NOUN
epaa-273	373	16	to	to	PART
epaa-273	373	17	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	373	18	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	373	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	373	20	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	373	21	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
epaa-273	373	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	374	1	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	374	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	374	3	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	374	4	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	374	5	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	374	6	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	374	7	to	to	PART
epaa-273	374	8	fix	fix	VERB
epaa-273	374	9	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-273	374	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	375	1	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	375	2	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	375	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	375	4	precedents	precedent	NOUN
epaa-273	375	5	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	375	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	375	7	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-273	375	8	to	to	PART
epaa-273	375	9	remain	remain	VERB
epaa-273	375	10	informed	informed	ADJ
epaa-273	375	11	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	375	12	current	current	ADJ
epaa-273	375	13	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	375	14	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	375	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	375	16	regard	regard	NOUN
epaa-273	375	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	375	18	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	375	19	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	375	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	375	21	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	375	22	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	375	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	375	24	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	375	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	375	26	pascoe	pascoe	PROPN
epaa-273	375	27	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	375	28	halpin	halpin	PROPN
epaa-273	375	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	375	30	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	375	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	375	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	376	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	376	2	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	376	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	376	4	granted	grant	VERB
epaa-273	376	5	governmental	governmental	ADJ
epaa-273	376	6	authorities	authority	NOUN
epaa-273	376	7	wide	wide	ADJ
epaa-273	376	8	latitude	latitude	NOUN
epaa-273	376	9	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	376	10	long	long	ADV
epaa-273	376	11	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	376	12	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	376	13	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	376	14	taken	take	VERB
epaa-273	376	15	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-273	376	16	steps	step	NOUN
epaa-273	376	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	376	18	validate	validate	VERB
epaa-273	376	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	376	20	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	376	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	376	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	376	23	cutoff	cutoff	NOUN
epaa-273	376	24	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	376	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	1	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	377	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	377	3	plaintiffs	plaintiff	NOUN
epaa-273	377	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	377	5	minorities	minority	NOUN
epaa-273	377	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	377	7	members	member	NOUN
epaa-273	377	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	377	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	377	10	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-273	377	11	population	population	NOUN
epaa-273	377	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	13	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	377	14	steps	step	NOUN
epaa-273	377	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	377	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	377	17	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	377	18	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	377	19	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-273	377	20	include	include	NOUN
epaa-273	377	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	22	1	1	X
epaa-273	377	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	24	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-273	377	25	ample	ample	ADJ
epaa-273	377	26	prior	prior	ADJ
epaa-273	377	27	notice	notice	NOUN
epaa-273	377	28	before	before	ADP
epaa-273	377	29	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-273	377	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	377	31	the	the	DET
epaa-273	377	32	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	377	33	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	377	34	phase	phase	NOUN
epaa-273	377	35	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	37	2	2	X
epaa-273	377	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	39	allowing	allow	VERB
epaa-273	377	40	accommodations	accommodation	NOUN
epaa-273	377	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	377	42	the	the	DET
epaa-273	377	43	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-273	377	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	377	45	the	the	DET
epaa-273	377	46	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	377	47	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	377	48	the	the	DET
epaa-273	377	49	disabled	disabled	ADJ
epaa-273	377	50	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	51	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	377	52	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	53	3	3	X
epaa-273	377	54	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	55	allowing	allow	VERB
epaa-273	377	56	retesting	reteste	VERB
epaa-273	377	57	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	377	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	59	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	377	60	the	the	DET
epaa-273	377	61	extent	extent	NOUN
epaa-273	377	62	feasible	feasible	ADJ
epaa-273	377	63	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	64	remediation	remediation	NOUN
epaa-273	377	65	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	66	zirkel	zirkel	NOUN
epaa-273	377	67	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	68	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	377	69	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	377	70	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	378	1	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	378	2	recently	recently	ADV
epaa-273	378	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	378	4	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	378	5	supportive	supportive	ADJ
epaa-273	378	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	378	7	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	378	8	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	378	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	378	10	lee	lee	PROPN
epaa-273	378	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	378	12	owens	owens	PROPN
epaa-273	378	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	378	14	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	378	15	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	378	16	rebell	rebell	PROPN
epaa-273	378	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	378	18	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-273	378	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	378	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	379	1	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	379	2	far	far	ADV
epaa-273	379	3	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	379	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	379	5	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-273	379	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	379	7	concerned	concern	VERB
epaa-273	379	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	379	9	pullin	pullin	PROPN
epaa-273	379	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	379	11	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	379	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	379	13	notes	note	VERB
epaa-273	379	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	379	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	379	16	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	379	17	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	379	18	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	379	19	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-273	379	20	reluctant	reluctant	ADJ
epaa-273	379	21	to	to	PART
epaa-273	379	22	second	second	ADJ
epaa-273	379	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	379	24	guess	guess	NOUN
epaa-273	379	25	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-273	379	26	'	'	PART
epaa-273	379	27	judgments	judgment	NOUN
epaa-273	379	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	379	29	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	379	30	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	379	31	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	379	32	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	379	33	subjective	subjective	ADJ
epaa-273	379	34	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	379	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	380	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	380	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	380	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	380	4	some	some	DET
epaa-273	380	5	comfort	comfort	NOUN
epaa-273	380	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	380	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	380	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	380	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	380	10	community	community	NOUN
epaa-273	380	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	381	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	381	2	goes	go	VERB
epaa-273	381	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	381	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	381	5	say	say	VERB
epaa-273	381	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	381	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	381	8	situations	situation	NOUN
epaa-273	381	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	381	10	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	381	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	381	12	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-273	381	13	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	381	14	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	381	15	not	not	PART
epaa-273	381	16	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	381	17	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	381	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	381	19	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	381	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	381	21	during	during	ADP
epaa-273	381	22	an	an	DET
epaa-273	381	23	educator	educator	NOUN
epaa-273	381	24	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	381	25	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	381	26	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	381	27	during	during	ADP
epaa-273	381	28	a	a	DET
epaa-273	381	29	probationary	probationary	ADJ
epaa-273	381	30	period	period	NOUN
epaa-273	381	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	381	32	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-273	381	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	381	34	then	then	ADV
epaa-273	381	35	fewer	few	ADJ
epaa-273	381	36	procedural	procedural	ADJ
epaa-273	381	37	protections	protection	NOUN
epaa-273	381	38	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	381	39	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	381	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	382	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	382	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	382	3	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	382	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	382	5	making	making	NOUN
epaa-273	382	6	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-273	382	7	to	to	PART
epaa-273	382	8	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	382	9	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	382	10	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-273	382	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	382	12	purely	purely	ADV
epaa-273	382	13	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
epaa-273	382	14	judgments	judgment	NOUN
epaa-273	382	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	382	16	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-273	382	17	professionals	professional	NOUN
epaa-273	382	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	382	19	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	382	20	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	382	21	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	382	22	reluctant	reluctant	ADJ
epaa-273	382	23	to	to	PART
epaa-273	382	24	intervene	intervene	VERB
epaa-273	382	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	383	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	383	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	383	3	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	383	4	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-273	383	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	383	6	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	383	7	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	383	8	we	we	PRON
epaa-273	383	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	383	10	sure	sure	ADJ
epaa-273	383	11	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	384	1	lemke	lemke	NOUN
epaa-273	384	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	384	3	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	384	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	384	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	384	6	too	too	ADV
epaa-273	384	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	384	8	offers	offer	VERB
epaa-273	384	9	an	an	DET
epaa-273	384	10	opinion	opinion	NOUN
epaa-273	384	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	385	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	385	2	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-273	385	3	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	385	4	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	385	5	concerning	concern	VERB
epaa-273	385	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	385	7	dismissal	dismissal	NOUN
epaa-273	385	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	385	9	college	college	NOUN
epaa-273	385	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	385	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	385	12	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	385	13	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-273	385	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	385	15	determined	determine	VERB
epaa-273	385	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	385	17	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	385	18	upheld	uphold	VERB
epaa-273	385	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-273	385	20	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	385	21	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	385	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	385	23	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	385	24	followed	follow	VERB
epaa-273	385	25	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	385	26	own	own	ADJ
epaa-273	385	27	published	publish	VERB
epaa-273	385	28	processes	process	NOUN
epaa-273	385	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	385	30	the	the	DET
epaa-273	385	31	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	385	32	'	'	PART
epaa-273	385	33	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	385	34	had	have	AUX
epaa-273	385	35	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	385	36	observed	observe	VERB
epaa-273	385	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	386	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	386	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	386	3	too	too	ADV
epaa-273	386	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	386	5	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-273	386	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	386	7	a	a	DET
epaa-273	386	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	386	9	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-273	386	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	386	11	comfort	comfort	NOUN
epaa-273	386	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	387	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	387	2	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	387	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	387	4	told	tell	VERB
epaa-273	387	5	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	387	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	387	7	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-273	387	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	387	9	them	they	PRON
epaa-273	387	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	387	11	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-273	387	12	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-273	387	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	387	14	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-273	387	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	387	16	safer	safe	ADJ
epaa-273	387	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	388	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	388	2	lemke	lemke	PROPN
epaa-273	388	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	388	4	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	388	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	388	6	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	388	7	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	388	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	388	9	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-273	388	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	388	11	information	information	NOUN
epaa-273	388	12	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	388	13	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	388	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	388	15	judicial	judicial	ADJ
epaa-273	388	16	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	388	17	finds	find	VERB
epaa-273	388	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	388	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	388	20	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	388	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	388	22	inappropriate	inappropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	388	23	admissions	admission	NOUN
epaa-273	388	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	388	25	dismissal	dismissal	NOUN
epaa-273	388	26	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	388	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	389	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	389	2	looked	look	VERB
epaa-273	389	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	389	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	389	5	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	389	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	389	7	connelley	connelley	PROPN
epaa-273	389	8	v.	v.	ADP
epaa-273	389	9	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	389	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	389	11	vermont	vermont	PROPN
epaa-273	389	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	389	13	1965	1965	NUM
epaa-273	389	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	389	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	389	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	389	17	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	389	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	389	19	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-273	389	20	district	district	PROPN
epaa-273	389	21	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	389	22	ruled	rule	VERB
epaa-273	389	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	389	24	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	389	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	389	26	within	within	ADP
epaa-273	389	27	the	the	DET
epaa-273	389	28	purview	purview	NOUN
epaa-273	389	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	389	30	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-273	389	31	freedom	freedom	NOUN
epaa-273	389	32	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	389	33	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	389	34	to	to	PART
epaa-273	389	35	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	389	36	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	389	37	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	389	38	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	389	39	'	'	PART
epaa-273	389	40	progress	progress	NOUN
epaa-273	389	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	390	1	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	390	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	390	3	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-273	390	4	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	390	5	described	describe	VERB
epaa-273	390	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	390	7	uniquely	uniquely	ADV
epaa-273	390	8	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-273	390	9	to	to	PART
epaa-273	390	10	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	390	11	these	these	DET
epaa-273	390	12	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	390	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	391	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	391	2	those	those	DET
epaa-273	391	3	days	day	NOUN
epaa-273	391	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	391	5	though	though	ADV
epaa-273	391	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	391	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	391	8	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	391	9	still	still	ADV
epaa-273	391	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	391	11	purview	purview	NOUN
epaa-273	391	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	391	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	391	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	391	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	392	1	lemke	lemke	PROPN
epaa-273	392	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	392	3	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-273	392	4	eight	eight	NUM
epaa-273	392	5	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-273	392	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	392	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	392	8	filing	file	VERB
epaa-273	392	9	against	against	ADP
epaa-273	392	10	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	392	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	393	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	393	2	these	these	DET
epaa-273	393	3	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-273	393	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	393	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	393	6	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	393	7	had	have	VERB
epaa-273	393	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	393	9	right	right	NOUN
epaa-273	393	10	to	to	PART
epaa-273	393	11	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	393	12	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	393	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	393	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	393	15	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	393	16	's	's	PART
epaa-273	393	17	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-273	393	18	fitness	fitness	NOUN
epaa-273	393	19	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	393	20	long	long	ADV
epaa-273	393	21	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	393	22	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	393	23	followed	follow	VERB
epaa-273	393	24	19	19	NUM
epaa-273	393	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	393	26	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	393	27	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	393	28	advertised	advertise	VERB
epaa-273	393	29	processes	process	NOUN
epaa-273	393	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	394	1	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-273	394	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	394	3	dismissals	dismissal	NOUN
epaa-273	394	4	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	394	5	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	394	6	upheld	uphold	VERB
epaa-273	394	7	included	include	VERB
epaa-273	394	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	394	9	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	394	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	394	11	subjective	subjective	ADJ
epaa-273	394	12	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	394	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	394	14	clinical	clinical	ADJ
epaa-273	394	15	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-273	394	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	394	17	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	394	18	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	394	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	394	20	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	394	21	completion	completion	NOUN
epaa-273	394	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	394	23	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-273	394	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	394	25	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	394	26	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	394	27	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	394	28	the	the	DET
epaa-273	394	29	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
epaa-273	394	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	394	31	peers	peer	NOUN
epaa-273	394	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	394	33	gpa	gpa	PROPN
epaa-273	394	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	394	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	394	36	absenteeism	absenteeism	NOUN
epaa-273	394	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	395	1	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-273	395	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	395	3	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	395	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	395	5	though	though	ADV
epaa-273	395	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	395	7	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	395	8	seen	see	VERB
epaa-273	395	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	395	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	395	11	pk-20	pk-20	NOUN
epaa-273	395	12	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	395	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	395	14	not	not	PART
epaa-273	395	15	so	so	ADV
epaa-273	395	16	safe	safe	ADJ
epaa-273	395	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	396	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	396	2	groundbreaking	groundbreake	VERB
epaa-273	396	3	debra	debra	PROPN
epaa-273	396	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-273	396	5	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-273	396	6	turlington	turlington	PROPN
epaa-273	396	7	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	396	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	396	9	1979	1979	NUM
epaa-273	396	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	396	11	1981	1981	NUM
epaa-273	396	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	396	13	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-273	396	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	396	15	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-273	396	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	396	17	begins	begin	VERB
epaa-273	396	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	396	19	reduce	reduce	VERB
epaa-273	396	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	396	21	level	level	NOUN
epaa-273	396	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	396	23	comfort	comfort	NOUN
epaa-273	396	24	engendered	engender	VERB
epaa-273	396	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	396	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	396	27	previous	previous	ADJ
epaa-273	396	28	two	two	NUM
epaa-273	396	29	citations	citation	NOUN
epaa-273	396	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	397	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	397	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	397	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	397	4	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-273	397	5	sanction	sanction	NOUN
epaa-273	397	6	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	397	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	397	8	bringing	bring	VERB
epaa-273	397	9	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-273	397	10	back	back	ADV
epaa-273	397	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	397	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	397	13	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	397	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	397	15	content	content	ADJ
epaa-273	397	16	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	397	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	398	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	398	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	398	3	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-273	398	4	conceded	concede	VERB
epaa-273	398	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	398	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	398	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	398	8	has	have	VERB
epaa-273	398	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	398	10	constitutional	constitutional	ADJ
epaa-273	398	11	right	right	NOUN
epaa-273	398	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	398	13	use	use	VERB
epaa-273	398	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	398	15	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-273	398	16	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	398	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	398	18	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	398	19	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-273	398	20	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-273	398	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	399	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	399	2	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-273	399	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	399	4	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-273	399	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	399	6	property	property	NOUN
epaa-273	399	7	right	right	NOUN
epaa-273	399	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	399	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	399	10	one	one	PRON
epaa-273	399	11	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	399	12	show	show	VERB
epaa-273	399	13	some	some	DET
epaa-273	399	14	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	399	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	399	16	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-273	399	17	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	399	18	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-273	399	19	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	399	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	399	21	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	399	22	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	399	23	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	399	24	called	call	VERB
epaa-273	399	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	399	26	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	399	27	to	to	PART
epaa-273	399	28	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-273	399	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	399	30	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	399	31	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	399	32	adequacy	adequacy	NOUN
epaa-273	399	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	399	34	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	399	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	399	36	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	400	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	400	2	this	this	DET
epaa-273	400	3	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	400	4	both	both	PRON
epaa-273	400	5	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	400	6	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	400	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	400	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	400	9	equal	equal	ADJ
epaa-273	400	10	protection	protection	NOUN
epaa-273	400	11	clauses	clause	NOUN
epaa-273	400	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	400	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	400	14	14th	14th	ADJ
epaa-273	400	15	amendment	amendment	NOUN
epaa-273	400	16	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	400	17	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	400	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	400	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	400	20	violated	violate	VERB
epaa-273	400	21	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	400	22	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	400	23	officials	official	NOUN
epaa-273	400	24	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	400	25	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	400	26	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	400	27	a	a	DET
epaa-273	400	28	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-273	400	29	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	400	30	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	400	31	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	400	32	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-273	400	33	denial	denial	NOUN
epaa-273	400	34	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	400	35	the	the	DET
epaa-273	400	36	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	400	37	school	school	NOUN
epaa-273	400	38	level	level	NOUN
epaa-273	400	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	401	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	401	2	appeals	appeal	NOUN
epaa-273	401	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	401	4	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-273	401	5	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	401	6	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	401	7	raised	raise	VERB
epaa-273	401	8	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	401	9	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-273	401	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	401	11	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	401	12	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-273	401	13	material	material	NOUN
epaa-273	401	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	401	15	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	401	16	adequately	adequately	ADV
epaa-273	401	17	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-273	401	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	401	19	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	401	20	's	's	PART
epaa-273	401	21	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	401	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	401	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	401	24	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	401	25	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	401	26	become	become	VERB
epaa-273	401	27	the	the	DET
epaa-273	401	28	major	major	ADJ
epaa-273	401	29	precedent	precedent	NOUN
epaa-273	401	30	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	401	31	looking	look	VERB
epaa-273	401	32	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	401	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	401	34	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-273	401	35	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	401	36	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-273	401	37	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	401	38	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	401	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	402	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	402	2	judge	judge	NOUN
epaa-273	402	3	ruled	rule	VERB
epaa-273	402	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	402	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	402	6	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	402	7	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	402	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	402	9	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	402	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	402	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	402	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	402	13	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	402	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	402	15	included	include	VERB
epaa-273	402	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	402	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	402	18	official	official	ADJ
epaa-273	402	19	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-273	402	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	402	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	402	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	402	23	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-273	402	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	402	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	402	26	recognize	recognize	VERB
epaa-273	402	27	them	they	PRON
epaa-273	402	28	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	402	29	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	402	30	something	something	PRON
epaa-273	402	31	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	402	32	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	402	33	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-273	402	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	402	35	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	403	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	403	2	mehrens	mehren	NOUN
epaa-273	403	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	403	4	popham	popham	NOUN
epaa-273	403	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	403	6	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-273	403	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	403	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	403	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	403	10	mbj	mbj	PROPN
epaa-273	403	11	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	403	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	403	13	xyz	xyz	PROPN
epaa-273	403	14	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	403	15	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	403	16	to	to	PART
epaa-273	403	17	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-273	403	18	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	403	19	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	403	20	outside	outside	ADP
epaa-273	403	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	403	22	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	403	23	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-273	403	24	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-273	403	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	403	26	thereby	thereby	ADV
epaa-273	403	27	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-273	403	28	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	403	29	risk	risk	NOUN
epaa-273	403	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	403	31	challenge	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	403	32	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	403	33	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	403	34	the	the	DET
epaa-273	403	35	principle	principle	NOUN
epaa-273	403	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	403	37	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	403	38	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	403	39	to	to	PART
epaa-273	403	40	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-273	403	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	403	42	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	404	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	404	2	continuing	continue	VERB
epaa-273	404	3	shift	shift	NOUN
epaa-273	404	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	404	5	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-273	404	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	404	7	scdes	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	404	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	404	9	does	doe	NOUN
epaa-273	404	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	404	11	more	more	ADJ
epaa-273	404	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	404	13	more	more	ADJ
epaa-273	404	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	404	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	404	16	burden	burden	NOUN
epaa-273	404	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	404	18	making	make	VERB
epaa-273	404	19	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	404	20	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	404	21	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	404	22	easily	easily	ADV
epaa-273	404	23	result	result	VERB
epaa-273	404	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	404	25	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-273	404	26	claims	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	404	27	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	404	28	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ
epaa-273	404	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	404	30	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	404	31	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	404	32	denied	deny	VERB
epaa-273	404	33	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	404	34	career	career	NOUN
epaa-273	404	35	dreams	dream	NOUN
epaa-273	404	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	405	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	405	2	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-273	405	3	denial	denial	NOUN
epaa-273	405	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	405	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	405	6	combined	combine	VERB
epaa-273	405	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	405	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	405	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	405	10	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	405	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	405	12	denial	denial	NOUN
epaa-273	405	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	405	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	405	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	405	16	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-273	405	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	405	18	a	a	DET
epaa-273	405	19	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	405	20	agency	agency	NOUN
epaa-273	405	21	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-273	405	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	405	23	a	a	DET
epaa-273	405	24	natural	natural	ADJ
epaa-273	405	25	leap	leap	NOUN
epaa-273	405	26	to	to	PART
epaa-273	405	27	challenge	challenge	VERB
epaa-273	405	28	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-273	405	29	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	405	30	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-273	405	31	denial	denial	NOUN
epaa-273	405	32	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	405	33	an	an	DET
epaa-273	405	34	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	405	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	1	mcdonough	mcdonough	PROPN
epaa-273	406	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	3	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-273	406	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	5	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-273	406	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	7	identified	identify	VERB
epaa-273	406	8	five	five	NUM
epaa-273	406	9	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	406	10	around	around	ADP
epaa-273	406	11	which	which	DET
epaa-273	406	12	litigation	litigation	NOUN
epaa-273	406	13	against	against	ADP
epaa-273	406	14	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	406	15	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	406	16	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-273	406	17	occurs	occur	VERB
epaa-273	406	18	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	20	1	1	X
epaa-273	406	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	406	23	arbitrary	arbitrary	ADJ
epaa-273	406	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	25	capricious	capricious	ADJ
epaa-273	406	26	development	development	NOUN
epaa-273	406	27	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	28	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-273	406	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	406	30	a	a	DET
epaa-273	406	31	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	406	32	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	33	employee	employee	NOUN
epaa-273	406	34	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-273	406	35	procedure	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	406	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	38	2	2	X
epaa-273	406	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	40	the	the	DET
epaa-273	406	41	statistical	statistical	ADJ
epaa-273	406	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	43	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
epaa-273	406	44	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	406	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	406	46	a	a	DET
epaa-273	406	47	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	406	48	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	49	procedure	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	406	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	51	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	52	3	3	X
epaa-273	406	53	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	54	the	the	DET
epaa-273	406	55	adverse	adverse	ADJ
epaa-273	406	56	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	57	disproportionate	disproportionate	ADJ
epaa-273	406	58	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-273	406	59	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	406	60	a	a	DET
epaa-273	406	61	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	406	62	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	406	63	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	64	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-273	406	65	procedure	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	406	66	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	406	67	a	a	DET
epaa-273	406	68	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	69	protected	protect	VERB
epaa-273	406	70	group	group	NOUN
epaa-273	406	71	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	72	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	73	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	74	4	4	X
epaa-273	406	75	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	76	the	the	DET
epaa-273	406	77	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-273	406	78	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	406	79	a	a	DET
epaa-273	406	80	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	406	81	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	82	procedure	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	406	83	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	406	84	the	the	DET
epaa-273	406	85	identified	identify	VERB
epaa-273	406	86	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	406	87	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	406	88	the	the	DET
epaa-273	406	89	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	406	90	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	91	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	406	92	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	93	relatedness	relatedness	NOUN
epaa-273	406	94	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	95	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	96	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	97	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	98	5	5	X
epaa-273	406	99	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	100	the	the	DET
epaa-273	406	101	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	406	102	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	406	103	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	406	104	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	406	105	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-273	406	106	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	406	107	to	to	PART
epaa-273	406	108	violate	violate	VERB
epaa-273	406	109	an	an	DET
epaa-273	406	110	individual	individual	NOUN
epaa-273	406	111	's	's	PART
epaa-273	406	112	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	113	group	group	NOUN
epaa-273	406	114	's	's	PART
epaa-273	406	115	civil	civil	ADJ
epaa-273	406	116	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	406	117	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	118	mcdonough	mcdonough	PROPN
epaa-273	406	119	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	406	120	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-273	406	121	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	122	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-273	406	123	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	406	124	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	407	1	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-273	407	2	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	407	3	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-273	407	4	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	407	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	407	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	407	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	407	8	cut	cut	NOUN
epaa-273	407	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	407	10	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	407	11	selected	select	VERB
epaa-273	407	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	407	13	a	a	DET
epaa-273	407	14	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	407	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	407	16	shown	show	VERB
epaa-273	407	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	407	18	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	407	19	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	407	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	407	21	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	407	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	407	23	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	407	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	408	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	408	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	408	3	alabama	alabama	PROPN
epaa-273	408	4	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	408	5	against	against	ADP
epaa-273	408	6	national	national	ADJ
epaa-273	408	7	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	408	8	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-273	408	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	408	10	nes	nes	PROPN
epaa-273	408	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	408	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	408	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	408	14	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	408	15	developers	developer	NOUN
epaa-273	408	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	408	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	408	18	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	408	19	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	408	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	408	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	408	22	company	company	NOUN
epaa-273	408	23	engaged	engage	VERB
epaa-273	408	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	408	25	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	408	26	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	408	27	outside	outside	ADP
epaa-273	408	28	the	the	DET
epaa-273	408	29	realm	realm	NOUN
epaa-273	408	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	408	31	professionalism	professionalism	NOUN
epaa-273	408	32	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	408	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	408	34	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	408	35	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	408	36	violated	violate	VERB
epaa-273	408	37	the	the	DET
epaa-273	408	38	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-273	408	39	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	408	40	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	408	41	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	408	42	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	408	43	development	development	NOUN
epaa-273	408	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	409	1	among	among	ADP
epaa-273	409	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	409	3	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-273	409	4	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	409	5	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	409	6	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	409	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	409	8	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	409	9	development	development	NOUN
epaa-273	409	10	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	409	11	resulted	result	VERB
epaa-273	409	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	409	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	409	14	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	409	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	409	16	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	409	17	arbitrary	arbitrary	ADJ
epaa-273	409	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	409	19	capricious	capricious	ADJ
epaa-273	409	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	409	21	bore	bear	VERB
epaa-273	409	22	no	no	DET
epaa-273	409	23	rational	rational	ADJ
epaa-273	409	24	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-273	409	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	409	26	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	409	27	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-273	409	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	410	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	410	2	was	be	VERB
epaa-273	410	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	410	4	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-273	410	5	finding	finding	NOUN
epaa-273	410	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	410	7	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
epaa-273	410	8	against	against	ADP
epaa-273	410	9	20	20	NUM
epaa-273	410	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	410	11	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	410	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	410	13	same	same	ADJ
epaa-273	410	14	company	company	NOUN
epaa-273	410	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	411	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	411	2	groves	grove	NOUN
epaa-273	411	3	v.	v.	ADP
epaa-273	411	4	alabama	alabama	PROPN
epaa-273	411	5	board	board	PROPN
epaa-273	411	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	411	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	411	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	411	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	411	10	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	411	11	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	411	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	411	13	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-273	411	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	411	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	411	16	arbitrary	arbitrary	ADJ
epaa-273	411	17	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-273	411	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	411	19	a	a	DET
epaa-273	411	20	cut	cut	NOUN
epaa-273	411	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	411	22	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	411	23	without	without	ADP
epaa-273	411	24	logical	logical	ADJ
epaa-273	411	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	411	26	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-273	411	27	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-273	411	28	to	to	PART
epaa-273	411	29	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-273	411	30	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-273	411	31	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	411	32	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	411	33	had	have	VERB
epaa-273	411	34	no	no	DET
epaa-273	411	35	rational	rational	ADJ
epaa-273	411	36	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-273	411	37	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-273	411	38	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	411	39	justification	justification	NOUN
epaa-273	411	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	412	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	412	2	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	412	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	412	4	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	412	5	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-273	412	6	to	to	PART
epaa-273	412	7	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-273	412	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	412	9	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	412	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	412	11	title	title	NOUN
epaa-273	412	12	vi	vi	PROPN
epaa-273	412	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	412	14	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	412	15	not	not	PART
epaa-273	412	16	a	a	DET
epaa-273	412	17	good	good	ADJ
epaa-273	412	18	faith	faith	NOUN
epaa-273	412	19	exercise	exercise	NOUN
epaa-273	412	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	412	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	412	22	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	412	23	judgment	judgment	NOUN
epaa-273	412	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	413	1	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	413	2	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	413	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	413	4	available	available	ADJ
epaa-273	413	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	413	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	413	7	cut	cut	NOUN
epaa-273	413	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	413	9	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	413	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	413	11	a	a	DET
epaa-273	413	12	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	413	13	does	do	AUX
epaa-273	413	14	not	not	PART
epaa-273	413	15	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
epaa-273	413	16	good	good	ADJ
epaa-273	413	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	413	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	413	19	eligibility	eligibility	NOUN
epaa-273	413	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	413	21	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-273	413	22	jobs	job	NOUN
epaa-273	413	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	413	24	pullin	pullin	NOUN
epaa-273	413	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	413	26	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	413	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	413	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	414	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	414	2	california	california	PROPN
epaa-273	414	3	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-273	414	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	414	5	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	414	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	414	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	414	8	cbest	cbest	NOUN
epaa-273	414	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	414	10	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	414	11	challenged	challenge	VERB
epaa-273	414	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	414	13	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-273	414	14	under	under	ADP
epaa-273	414	15	tile	tile	NOUN
epaa-273	414	16	vii	vii	PROPN
epaa-273	414	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	414	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	414	19	association	association	NOUN
epaa-273	414	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	414	21	mexican	mexican	ADJ
epaa-273	414	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	414	23	american	american	ADJ
epaa-273	414	24	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-273	414	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	415	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	415	2	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	415	3	won	win	VERB
epaa-273	415	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	415	5	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	415	6	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	415	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	415	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	415	9	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	415	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	415	11	relatedness	relatedness	NOUN
epaa-273	415	12	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	415	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	415	14	zirkel	zirkel	NOUN
epaa-273	415	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	415	16	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	415	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	415	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	416	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	416	2	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-273	416	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	416	4	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	416	5	lost	lose	VERB
epaa-273	416	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	416	7	challenge	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	416	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	416	9	fpms	fpm	NOUN
epaa-273	416	10	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	416	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	416	12	question	question	NOUN
epaa-273	416	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	416	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	416	15	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	416	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	416	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	416	18	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	416	19	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	416	20	a	a	DET
epaa-273	416	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	416	22	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	416	23	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-273	416	24	removal	removal	NOUN
epaa-273	416	25	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	416	26	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-273	416	27	raised	raise	VERB
epaa-273	416	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	416	29	hazi	hazi	ADV
epaa-273	416	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	416	31	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-273	416	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	416	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	417	1	georgia	georgia	PROPN
epaa-273	417	2	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	417	3	tpai	tpai	NOUN
epaa-273	417	4	challenge	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	417	5	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	417	6	won	win	VERB
epaa-273	417	7	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	417	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	417	9	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
epaa-273	417	10	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	417	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	417	12	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	417	13	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	417	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	417	15	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	417	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	417	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	417	18	mcginty	mcginty	PROPN
epaa-273	417	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	417	20	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-273	417	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	417	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	418	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	418	2	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-273	418	3	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	418	4	department	department	PROPN
epaa-273	418	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	418	6	justice	justice	PROPN
epaa-273	418	7	sued	sue	VERB
epaa-273	418	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	418	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	418	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	418	11	north	north	PROPN
epaa-273	418	12	carolina	carolina	PROPN
epaa-273	418	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	418	14	1975	1975	NUM
epaa-273	418	15	under	under	ADP
epaa-273	418	16	title	title	NOUN
epaa-273	418	17	vii	vii	PROPN
epaa-273	418	18	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	418	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	418	20	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	418	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	418	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	418	23	national	national	ADJ
epaa-273	418	24	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	418	25	examination	examination	NOUN
epaa-273	418	26	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	418	27	the	the	DET
epaa-273	418	28	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	418	29	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	418	30	service	service	NOUN
epaa-273	418	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	419	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	419	2	won	win	VERB
epaa-273	419	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	419	4	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	419	5	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	419	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	419	7	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	419	8	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	419	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	419	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	419	11	to	to	PART
epaa-273	419	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	419	13	unfair	unfair	ADJ
epaa-273	419	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	419	15	discriminatory	discriminatory	ADJ
epaa-273	419	16	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	419	17	a	a	DET
epaa-273	419	18	validation	validation	NOUN
epaa-273	419	19	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	419	20	had	have	AUX
epaa-273	419	21	not	not	PART
epaa-273	419	22	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	419	23	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-273	419	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	419	25	the	the	DET
epaa-273	419	26	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-273	419	27	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	419	28	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	419	29	arbitrary	arbitrary	ADJ
epaa-273	419	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	419	31	thereby	thereby	ADV
epaa-273	419	32	denying	deny	VERB
epaa-273	419	33	equal	equal	ADJ
epaa-273	419	34	protection	protection	NOUN
epaa-273	419	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	420	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	420	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-273	420	3	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-273	420	4	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	420	5	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	420	6	filed	file	VERB
epaa-273	420	7	against	against	ADP
epaa-273	420	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	420	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	420	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	420	11	south	south	PROPN
epaa-273	420	12	carolina	carolina	PROPN
epaa-273	420	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	420	14	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	420	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	420	16	this	this	DET
epaa-273	420	17	instance	instance	NOUN
epaa-273	420	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	420	19	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	420	20	prevailed	prevail	VERB
epaa-273	420	21	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	420	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	420	23	a	a	DET
epaa-273	420	24	proper	proper	ADJ
epaa-273	420	25	validation	validation	NOUN
epaa-273	420	26	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	420	27	causing	cause	VERB
epaa-273	420	28	the	the	DET
epaa-273	420	29	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	420	30	to	to	PART
epaa-273	420	31	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	420	32	deemed	deem	VERB
epaa-273	420	33	fair	fair	ADJ
epaa-273	420	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	420	35	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	420	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	420	37	pascoe	pascoe	PROPN
epaa-273	420	38	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	420	39	halpin	halpin	PROPN
epaa-273	420	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	420	41	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	420	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	420	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	421	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	421	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	421	3	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	421	4	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	421	5	discussions	discussion	NOUN
epaa-273	421	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	421	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	421	8	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-273	421	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	422	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	422	2	point	point	NOUN
epaa-273	422	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	422	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	422	5	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	422	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	422	7	even	even	ADV
epaa-273	422	8	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	422	9	written	write	VERB
epaa-273	422	10	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	422	11	major	major	ADJ
epaa-273	422	12	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	422	13	publishers	publisher	NOUN
epaa-273	422	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	422	15	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	422	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	422	17	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-273	422	18	challenged	challenge	VERB
epaa-273	422	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	423	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	423	2	history	history	NOUN
epaa-273	423	3	tells	tell	VERB
epaa-273	423	4	us	we	PRON
epaa-273	423	5	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	423	6	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	423	7	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	423	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	423	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	423	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	423	11	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	423	12	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	423	13	before	before	ADP
epaa-273	423	14	proceeding	proceed	VERB
epaa-273	423	15	any	any	PRON
epaa-273	423	16	further	far	ADV
epaa-273	423	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	423	18	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	423	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	423	20	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	423	21	to	to	PART
epaa-273	423	22	underscore	underscore	VERB
epaa-273	423	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	423	24	the	the	DET
epaa-273	423	25	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-273	423	26	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	423	27	not	not	PART
epaa-273	423	28	opposed	oppose	VERB
epaa-273	423	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	423	30	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	423	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	423	32	a	a	DET
epaa-273	423	33	general	general	ADJ
epaa-273	423	34	sense	sense	NOUN
epaa-273	423	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	424	1	this	this	DET
epaa-273	424	2	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	424	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	424	4	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	424	5	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	424	6	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	424	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	424	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	424	9	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	424	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	424	11	context	context	NOUN
epaa-273	424	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	424	13	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-273	424	14	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	424	15	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	424	16	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	424	17	a	a	DET
epaa-273	424	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	424	19	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-273	424	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	424	21	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
epaa-273	424	22	allowed	allow	VERB
epaa-273	424	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	424	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	424	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	424	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	424	27	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-273	424	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	424	29	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	424	30	contents	content	NOUN
epaa-273	424	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	425	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	425	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	425	3	much	much	ADJ
epaa-273	425	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	425	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	425	6	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-273	425	7	to	to	PART
epaa-273	425	8	support	support	VERB
epaa-273	425	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	425	10	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	425	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	425	12	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	425	13	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	425	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	425	15	tool	tool	NOUN
epaa-273	425	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	425	17	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-273	425	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	425	19	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-273	425	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	425	21	reflective	reflective	ADJ
epaa-273	425	22	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	425	23	self	self	NOUN
epaa-273	425	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	425	25	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	425	26	aspect	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	425	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	426	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	426	2	noted	note	VERB
epaa-273	426	3	earlier	early	ADV
epaa-273	426	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	426	5	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	426	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	426	7	excellent	excellent	ADJ
epaa-273	426	8	means	mean	NOUN
epaa-273	426	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	426	10	documenting	document	VERB
epaa-273	426	11	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-273	426	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	426	13	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-273	426	14	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-273	426	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	426	16	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-273	426	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	426	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	426	19	causing	cause	VERB
epaa-273	426	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	426	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	426	22	any	any	DET
epaa-273	426	23	age	age	NOUN
epaa-273	426	24	to	to	PART
epaa-273	426	25	construct	construct	VERB
epaa-273	426	26	meaning	meaning	NOUN
epaa-273	426	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	426	28	value	value	VERB
epaa-273	426	29	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	426	30	own	own	ADJ
epaa-273	426	31	progress	progress	NOUN
epaa-273	426	32	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	426	33	meeting	meet	VERB
epaa-273	426	34	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	426	35	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-273	426	36	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-273	426	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	427	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	427	2	formative	formative	ADJ
epaa-273	427	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	427	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	427	5	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	427	6	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	427	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	427	8	superior	superior	ADJ
epaa-273	427	9	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	427	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	428	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	428	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-273	428	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	428	4	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	428	5	vermont	vermont	PROPN
epaa-273	428	6	implemented	implement	VERB
epaa-273	428	7	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	428	8	k-12	k-12	PROPN
epaa-273	428	9	statewide	statewide	NOUN
epaa-273	428	10	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	428	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	428	12	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	428	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	428	14	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-273	428	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	428	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	428	17	first	first	ADJ
epaa-273	428	18	attempt	attempt	NOUN
epaa-273	428	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	428	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	428	21	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-273	428	22	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	428	23	to	to	PART
epaa-273	428	24	use	use	VERB
epaa-273	428	25	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	428	26	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	428	27	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	428	28	a	a	DET
epaa-273	428	29	cornerstone	cornerstone	NOUN
epaa-273	428	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	428	31	a	a	DET
epaa-273	428	32	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-273	428	33	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	428	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	428	35	the	the	DET
epaa-273	428	36	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	428	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	428	38	these	these	DET
epaa-273	428	39	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-273	428	40	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	428	41	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-273	428	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	428	43	strong	strong	ADJ
epaa-273	428	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	429	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	429	2	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-273	429	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	429	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	429	5	rand	rand	NOUN
epaa-273	429	6	corporation	corporation	NOUN
epaa-273	429	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	429	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	429	9	center	center	NOUN
epaa-273	429	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	429	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-273	429	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	429	13	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	429	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	429	15	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	429	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	429	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	429	18	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	429	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	429	20	-cresst	-cresst	NOUN
epaa-273	429	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	429	22	koretz	koretz	VERB
epaa-273	429	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	429	24	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-273	429	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	429	26	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-273	429	27	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-273	429	28	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	429	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	429	30	thought	think	VERB
epaa-273	429	31	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	429	32	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	429	33	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	429	34	helpful	helpful	ADJ
epaa-273	429	35	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	429	36	informal	informal	ADJ
epaa-273	429	37	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	429	38	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	429	39	tools	tool	NOUN
epaa-273	429	40	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	429	41	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	429	42	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	429	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	429	44	too	too	ADV
epaa-273	429	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	429	46	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	429	47	worried	worried	ADJ
epaa-273	429	48	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	429	49	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	429	50	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	429	51	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	429	52	external	external	ADJ
epaa-273	429	53	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	429	54	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	429	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	430	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	430	2	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-273	430	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	430	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	430	5	surveyed	survey	VERB
epaa-273	430	6	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-273	430	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	430	8	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-273	430	9	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-273	430	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	430	11	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	430	12	help	help	VERB
epaa-273	430	13	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	430	14	monitor	monitor	VERB
epaa-273	430	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	430	16	own	own	ADJ
epaa-273	430	17	progress	progress	NOUN
epaa-273	430	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	431	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	431	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	431	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	431	4	vast	vast	ADJ
epaa-273	431	5	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-273	431	6	did	do	AUX
epaa-273	431	7	not	not	PART
epaa-273	431	8	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-273	431	9	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	431	10	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	431	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	431	12	fair	fair	ADJ
epaa-273	431	13	to	to	PART
epaa-273	431	14	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-273	431	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	431	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	431	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	431	18	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-273	431	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	431	20	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	431	21	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	431	22	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	431	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	432	1	most	most	ADJ
epaa-273	432	2	felt	feel	VERB
epaa-273	432	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	432	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	432	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	432	6	's	's	PART
epaa-273	432	7	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-273	432	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	432	9	reliable	reliable	ADJ
epaa-273	432	10	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-273	432	11	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	432	12	misguided	misguided	ADJ
epaa-273	432	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	432	14	perverted	pervert	VERB
epaa-273	432	15	21	21	NUM
epaa-273	432	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	432	17	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	432	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	432	19	original	original	ADJ
epaa-273	432	20	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	432	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	432	22	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	432	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	432	24	a	a	DET
epaa-273	432	25	tool	tool	NOUN
epaa-273	432	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	432	27	assessing	assess	VERB
epaa-273	432	28	an	an	DET
epaa-273	432	29	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-273	432	30	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	432	31	's	's	PART
epaa-273	432	32	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-273	432	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	433	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	433	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	433	3	concerned	concerned	ADJ
epaa-273	433	4	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	433	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	433	6	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	433	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	433	8	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	433	9	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	433	10	an	an	DET
epaa-273	433	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	433	12	instrument	instrument	NOUN
epaa-273	433	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	433	14	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-273	433	15	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	433	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	433	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	433	18	large	large	ADJ
epaa-273	433	19	number	number	NOUN
epaa-273	433	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	433	21	uncontrolled	uncontrolled	ADJ
epaa-273	433	22	variables	variable	NOUN
epaa-273	433	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	433	24	the	the	DET
epaa-273	433	25	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	433	26	burden	burden	NOUN
epaa-273	433	27	both	both	PRON
epaa-273	433	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	433	29	class	class	NOUN
epaa-273	433	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	433	31	outside	outside	ADP
epaa-273	433	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	433	33	class	class	NOUN
epaa-273	433	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	434	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	434	2	felt	feel	VERB
epaa-273	434	3	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	434	4	spent	spend	VERB
epaa-273	434	5	too	too	ADV
epaa-273	434	6	much	much	ADJ
epaa-273	434	7	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	434	8	managing	manage	VERB
epaa-273	434	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	434	10	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-273	434	11	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	434	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	434	13	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	434	14	detracted	detract	VERB
epaa-273	434	15	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	434	16	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	434	17	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	434	18	to	to	PART
epaa-273	434	19	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-273	434	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	434	21	koretz	koretz	ADJ
epaa-273	434	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	434	23	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-273	434	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	434	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	435	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	435	2	a	a	DET
epaa-273	435	3	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
epaa-273	435	4	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	435	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	435	6	gearhart	gearhart	PROPN
epaa-273	435	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	435	8	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-273	435	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	435	10	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-273	435	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	435	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	435	13	further	further	ADJ
epaa-273	435	14	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	435	15	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	435	16	given	give	VERB
epaa-273	435	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	435	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	435	19	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-273	435	20	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-273	435	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	435	22	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-273	435	23	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-273	435	24	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	435	25	witnessed	witness	VERB
epaa-273	435	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	435	27	vermont	vermont	PROPN
epaa-273	435	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	435	29	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	435	30	the	the	DET
epaa-273	435	31	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	435	32	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	435	33	reinforced	reinforce	VERB
epaa-273	435	34	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	435	35	the	the	DET
epaa-273	435	36	question	question	NOUN
epaa-273	435	37	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	435	38	whose	whose	DET
epaa-273	435	39	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	435	40	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	435	41	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	435	42	judged	judge	VERB
epaa-273	435	43	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	435	44	the	the	DET
epaa-273	435	45	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	435	46	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	435	47	composed	compose	VERB
epaa-273	435	48	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	435	49	the	the	DET
epaa-273	435	50	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	435	51	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	435	52	peers	peer	NOUN
epaa-273	435	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	435	54	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	435	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	435	56	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	435	57	others	other	NOUN
epaa-273	435	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	436	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	436	2	noted	note	VERB
epaa-273	436	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	436	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	436	5	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	436	6	committed	committed	ADJ
epaa-273	436	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	436	8	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	436	9	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-273	436	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	436	11	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	436	12	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	436	13	embodies	embody	VERB
epaa-273	436	14	a	a	DET
epaa-273	436	15	vision	vision	NOUN
epaa-273	436	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	436	17	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	436	18	integrated	integrate	VERB
epaa-273	436	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	436	20	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-273	436	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	437	1	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-273	437	2	find	find	VERB
epaa-273	437	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	437	4	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	437	5	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	437	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	437	7	richer	rich	ADJ
epaa-273	437	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	437	9	truer	true	ADJ
epaa-273	437	10	picture	picture	NOUN
epaa-273	437	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	437	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	437	13	'	'	PART
epaa-273	437	14	competencies	competency	NOUN
epaa-273	437	15	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-273	437	16	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	437	17	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-273	437	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	437	19	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	437	20	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	437	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	437	22	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	437	23	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	437	24	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	437	25	challenging	challenge	VERB
epaa-273	437	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	437	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	437	28	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	437	29	to	to	PART
epaa-273	437	30	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-273	437	31	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	437	32	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-273	437	33	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-273	437	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	438	1	integrated	integrate	VERB
epaa-273	438	2	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	438	3	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-273	438	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	438	5	targeted	target	VERB
epaa-273	438	6	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	438	7	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	438	8	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	438	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	438	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	438	11	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	438	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	438	13	seen	see	VERB
epaa-273	438	14	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	438	15	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	438	16	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-273	438	17	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	438	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	438	19	bridge	bridge	NOUN
epaa-273	438	20	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	438	21	improved	improved	ADJ
epaa-273	438	22	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	438	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	438	24	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-273	438	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	439	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	439	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	439	3	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-273	439	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	439	5	vision	vision	NOUN
epaa-273	439	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	439	7	enticing	enticing	ADJ
epaa-273	439	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	439	9	gearhart	gearhart	NOUN
epaa-273	439	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	439	11	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-273	439	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	439	13	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-273	439	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	439	15	asked	ask	VERB
epaa-273	439	16	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	439	17	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	439	18	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	439	19	work	work	VERB
epaa-273	439	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	440	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	440	2	rand	rand	NOUN
epaa-273	440	3	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	440	4	raised	raise	VERB
epaa-273	440	5	major	major	ADJ
epaa-273	440	6	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	440	7	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	440	8	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	440	9	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	440	10	this	this	DET
epaa-273	440	11	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	440	12	brought	bring	VERB
epaa-273	440	13	into	into	ADP
epaa-273	440	14	question	question	NOUN
epaa-273	440	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	440	16	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	440	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	440	18	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-273	440	19	drawn	draw	VERB
epaa-273	440	20	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	440	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	440	22	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	440	23	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	440	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	440	25	compromised	compromise	VERB
epaa-273	440	26	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	440	27	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-273	440	28	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	440	29	authorship	authorship	NOUN
epaa-273	440	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	440	31	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	440	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	441	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	441	2	concluded	conclude	VERB
epaa-273	441	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	441	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	441	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	441	6	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	441	7	perspective	perspective	NOUN
epaa-273	441	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	441	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	441	10	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	441	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	441	12	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-273	441	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	441	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	441	15	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-273	441	16	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	441	17	solely	solely	ADV
epaa-273	441	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	441	19	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	441	20	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	441	21	appeared	appear	VERB
epaa-273	441	22	suspect	suspect	ADJ
epaa-273	441	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	442	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	442	2	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-273	442	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	442	4	troubling	troubling	ADJ
epaa-273	442	5	indeed	indeed	ADV
epaa-273	442	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	442	7	large	large	ADJ
epaa-273	442	8	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-273	442	9	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	442	10	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	442	11	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-273	442	12	comparability	comparability	NOUN
epaa-273	442	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	442	14	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-273	442	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	442	16	an	an	DET
epaa-273	442	17	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	442	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	443	1	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-273	443	2	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	443	3	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	443	4	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	443	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	443	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	443	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	443	8	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	443	9	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	443	10	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	443	11	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	443	12	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	443	13	raised	raise	VERB
epaa-273	443	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	443	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	443	16	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	443	17	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	443	18	arena	arena	NOUN
epaa-273	443	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	444	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	444	2	georgia	georgia	PROPN
epaa-273	444	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	444	4	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	444	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	444	6	instrument	instrument	NOUN
epaa-273	444	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	444	8	tpai	tpai	NOUN
epaa-273	444	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	444	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	444	11	initiated	initiate	VERB
epaa-273	444	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	444	13	1980	1980	NUM
epaa-273	444	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	444	15	included	include	VERB
epaa-273	444	16	a	a	DET
epaa-273	444	17	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	444	18	component	component	NOUN
epaa-273	444	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	444	20	an	an	DET
epaa-273	444	21	observational	observational	ADJ
epaa-273	444	22	component	component	NOUN
epaa-273	444	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	444	24	an	an	DET
epaa-273	444	25	interview	interview	NOUN
epaa-273	444	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	445	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	445	2	tpai	tpai	NOUN
epaa-273	445	3	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	445	4	initially	initially	ADV
epaa-273	445	5	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-273	445	6	challenged	challenge	VERB
epaa-273	445	7	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	445	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	445	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	445	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	445	11	kitchens	kitchen	NOUN
epaa-273	445	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	445	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	445	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	445	15	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	445	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	445	17	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	445	18	observational	observational	ADJ
epaa-273	445	19	component	component	NOUN
epaa-273	445	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	445	21	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	445	22	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	445	23	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	445	24	to	to	PART
epaa-273	445	25	include	include	VERB
epaa-273	445	26	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
epaa-273	445	27	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	445	28	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	445	29	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-273	445	30	to	to	PART
epaa-273	445	31	measure	measure	VERB
epaa-273	445	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	445	33	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-273	445	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	445	35	enthusiasm	enthusiasm	NOUN
epaa-273	445	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	445	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	446	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	446	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	446	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	446	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	446	5	aftermath	aftermath	NOUN
epaa-273	446	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	446	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	446	8	kitchens	kitchen	NOUN
epaa-273	446	9	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	446	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	446	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	446	12	opposition	opposition	NOUN
epaa-273	446	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	446	14	tpai	tpai	NOUN
epaa-273	446	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	446	16	grew	grow	VERB
epaa-273	446	17	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	446	18	around	around	ADP
epaa-273	446	19	the	the	DET
epaa-273	446	20	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	446	21	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	446	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	446	23	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	446	24	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	446	25	again	again	ADV
epaa-273	446	26	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	446	27	to	to	PART
epaa-273	446	28	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	446	29	far	far	ADV
epaa-273	446	30	too	too	ADV
epaa-273	446	31	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	446	32	consuming	consume	VERB
epaa-273	446	33	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	446	34	a	a	DET
epaa-273	446	35	beginning	begin	VERB
epaa-273	446	36	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	446	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	446	38	not	not	PART
epaa-273	446	39	a	a	DET
epaa-273	446	40	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-273	446	41	measure	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	446	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	446	43	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	446	44	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	446	45	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	446	46	the	the	DET
epaa-273	446	47	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	446	48	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	446	49	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	446	50	judged	judge	VERB
epaa-273	446	51	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	446	52	the	the	DET
epaa-273	446	53	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-273	446	54	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	446	55	form	form	NOUN
epaa-273	446	56	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-273	446	57	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	446	58	substance	substance	NOUN
epaa-273	446	59	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	447	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	447	2	$	$	SYM
epaa-273	447	3	5,000,000	5,000,000	NUM
epaa-273	447	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	447	5	mammoth	mammoth	ADJ
epaa-273	447	6	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	447	7	tool	tool	NOUN
epaa-273	447	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	447	9	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	447	10	laid	lay	VERB
epaa-273	447	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	447	12	rest	rest	NOUN
epaa-273	447	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	447	14	mcginty	mcginty	PROPN
epaa-273	447	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	447	16	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-273	447	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	447	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	448	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	448	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	448	3	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-273	448	4	level	level	NOUN
epaa-273	448	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	448	6	after	after	SCONJ
epaa-273	448	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	448	8	alabama	alabama	PROPN
epaa-273	448	9	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	448	10	to	to	PART
epaa-273	448	11	terminate	terminate	VERB
epaa-273	448	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	448	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	448	14	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-273	448	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	448	16	racial	racial	ADJ
epaa-273	448	17	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	448	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	448	19	nweke	nweke	NOUN
epaa-273	448	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	448	21	noland	noland	PROPN
epaa-273	448	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	448	23	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-273	448	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	448	25	investigated	investigate	VERB
epaa-273	448	26	the	the	DET
epaa-273	448	27	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-273	448	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	448	29	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	448	30	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	448	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	448	32	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	448	33	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	448	34	techniques	technique	NOUN
epaa-273	448	35	to	to	PART
epaa-273	448	36	diversify	diversify	VERB
epaa-273	448	37	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	448	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	448	39	a	a	DET
epaa-273	448	40	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-273	448	41	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	448	42	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	448	43	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	448	44	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	448	45	tuskegee	tuskegee	PROPN
epaa-273	448	46	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	448	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	449	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	449	2	concluded	conclude	VERB
epaa-273	449	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	449	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	449	5	observational	observational	ADJ
epaa-273	449	6	component	component	NOUN
epaa-273	449	7	correlated	correlate	VERB
epaa-273	449	8	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-273	449	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	449	10	gpa	gpa	PROPN
epaa-273	449	11	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	449	12	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	449	13	were	be	VERB
epaa-273	449	14	no	no	DET
epaa-273	449	15	statistically	statistically	ADV
epaa-273	449	16	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-273	449	17	relationships	relationship	NOUN
epaa-273	449	18	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	449	19	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	449	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	449	21	gpa	gpa	NOUN
epaa-273	449	22	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	449	23	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	449	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	449	25	the	the	DET
epaa-273	449	26	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	449	27	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	449	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	450	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	450	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	450	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	450	4	representative	representative	NOUN
epaa-273	450	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	450	6	not	not	PART
epaa-273	450	7	an	an	DET
epaa-273	450	8	exhaustive	exhaustive	ADJ
epaa-273	450	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	450	10	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	450	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	450	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	450	13	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	450	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	450	15	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	450	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	450	17	large	large	ADJ
epaa-273	450	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	450	19	small	small	ADJ
epaa-273	450	20	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-273	450	21	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	450	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	451	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-273	451	2	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-273	451	3	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	451	4	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	451	5	these	these	PRON
epaa-273	451	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	451	7	though	though	ADV
epaa-273	451	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	451	9	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	451	10	continue	continue	VERB
epaa-273	451	11	to	to	PART
epaa-273	451	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	451	13	a	a	DET
epaa-273	451	14	major	major	ADJ
epaa-273	451	15	component	component	NOUN
epaa-273	451	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	451	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	451	18	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	451	19	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-273	451	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	451	21	scdes	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	451	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	452	1	22	22	NUM
epaa-273	452	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	452	3	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	452	4	aacte	aacte	NOUN
epaa-273	452	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	452	6	american	american	PROPN
epaa-273	452	7	association	association	PROPN
epaa-273	452	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	452	9	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-273	452	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	452	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	452	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	452	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	452	14	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-273	452	15	a	a	DET
epaa-273	452	16	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-273	452	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	452	18	member	member	NOUN
epaa-273	452	19	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	452	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	452	21	fall	fall	NOUN
epaa-273	452	22	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	452	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	452	24	salzman	salzman	NOUN
epaa-273	452	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	452	26	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-273	452	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	452	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	452	29	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	452	30	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	452	31	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-273	452	32	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	452	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	453	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	453	2	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	453	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	453	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	453	5	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	453	6	was	be	AUX
epaa-273	453	7	to	to	PART
epaa-273	453	8	identify	identify	VERB
epaa-273	453	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	453	10	describe	describe	VERB
epaa-273	453	11	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	453	12	scdes	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	453	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	453	14	doing	do	VERB
epaa-273	453	15	to	to	PART
epaa-273	453	16	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-273	453	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	453	18	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	453	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	453	20	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-273	453	21	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	453	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	453	23	unit	unit	NOUN
epaa-273	453	24	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-273	453	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	453	26	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	453	27	approval	approval	NOUN
epaa-273	453	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	453	29	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	453	30	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	453	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	453	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	454	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	454	2	concluded	conclude	VERB
epaa-273	454	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	454	4	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	454	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	454	6	responding	respond	VERB
epaa-273	454	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	454	8	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	454	9	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
epaa-273	454	10	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	454	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	454	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	454	13	national	national	ADJ
epaa-273	454	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	454	15	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	454	16	mandates	mandate	NOUN
epaa-273	454	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	454	18	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-273	454	19	through	through	ADP
epaa-273	454	20	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-273	454	21	types	type	NOUN
epaa-273	454	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	454	23	outcome	outcome	NOUN
epaa-273	454	24	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	454	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	454	26	including	include	VERB
epaa-273	454	27	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	454	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	455	1	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	455	2	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	455	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	455	4	370	370	NUM
epaa-273	455	5	responding	respond	VERB
epaa-273	455	6	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	455	7	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-273	455	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	455	9	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	455	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	455	11	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	455	12	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	455	13	an	an	DET
epaa-273	455	14	outcome	outcome	NOUN
epaa-273	455	15	measure	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	455	16	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	455	17	319	319	NUM
epaa-273	455	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	455	19	87.9	87.9	NUM
epaa-273	455	20	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	455	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	455	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	455	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	455	24	responding	respond	VERB
epaa-273	455	25	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	455	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	456	1	responses	response	NOUN
epaa-273	456	2	further	far	ADV
epaa-273	456	3	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-273	456	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	456	5	64	64	NUM
epaa-273	456	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	456	7	20.1	20.1	NUM
epaa-273	456	8	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	456	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	456	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	456	11	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	456	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	456	13	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	456	14	so	so	ADV
epaa-273	456	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	456	16	response	response	NOUN
epaa-273	456	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	456	18	a	a	DET
epaa-273	456	19	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	456	20	mandate	mandate	NOUN
epaa-273	456	21	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-273	456	22	269	269	NUM
epaa-273	456	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	456	24	84.3	84.3	NUM
epaa-273	456	25	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	456	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	456	27	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	456	28	so	so	ADV
epaa-273	456	29	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	456	30	part	part	NOUN
epaa-273	456	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	456	32	an	an	DET
epaa-273	456	33	institutional	institutional	ADJ
epaa-273	456	34	mandate	mandate	NOUN
epaa-273	456	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	457	1	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	457	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	457	3	noted	note	VERB
epaa-273	457	4	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	457	5	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	457	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	457	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	457	8	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	457	9	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	457	10	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	457	11	123	123	NUM
epaa-273	457	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	457	13	38.6	38.6	NUM
epaa-273	457	14	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	457	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	457	16	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	457	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	457	18	not	not	PART
epaa-273	457	19	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	457	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	457	21	159	159	NUM
epaa-273	457	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	457	23	49.8	49.8	NUM
epaa-273	457	24	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	457	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	457	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	457	27	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	457	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	458	1	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-273	458	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	458	3	missing	miss	VERB
epaa-273	458	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	458	5	37	37	NUM
epaa-273	458	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	458	7	11.6	11.6	NUM
epaa-273	458	8	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	458	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	458	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	458	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	458	12	respondents	respondent	NOUN
epaa-273	458	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	459	1	most	most	ADJ
epaa-273	459	2	units	unit	NOUN
epaa-273	459	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	459	4	305	305	NUM
epaa-273	459	5	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	459	6	95.6	95.6	NUM
epaa-273	459	7	%	%	NOUN
epaa-273	459	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	459	9	reported	report	VERB
epaa-273	459	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	459	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	459	12	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	459	13	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	459	14	were	be	AUX
epaa-273	459	15	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-273	459	16	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	459	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	459	18	unit	unit	NOUN
epaa-273	459	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	459	20	salzman	salzman	PROPN
epaa-273	459	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	459	22	et	et	PROPN
epaa-273	459	23	al	al	PROPN
epaa-273	459	24	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	459	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	459	26	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-273	459	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	459	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	460	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	460	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-273	460	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	460	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-273	460	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	460	6	thought	thought	NOUN
epaa-273	460	7	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	460	8	advocates	advocate	VERB
epaa-273	460	9	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-273	460	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	460	11	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	460	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	461	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	461	2	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	461	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	461	4	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-273	461	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	461	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	461	7	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-273	461	8	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	461	9	edited	edit	VERB
epaa-273	461	10	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	461	11	nona	nona	PROPN
epaa-273	461	12	lyons	lyons	PROPN
epaa-273	461	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	461	14	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-273	461	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	461	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	461	17	contains	contain	VERB
epaa-273	461	18	several	several	ADJ
epaa-273	461	19	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	461	20	chapters	chapter	NOUN
epaa-273	461	21	advocating	advocate	VERB
epaa-273	461	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	461	23	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	461	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	462	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-273	462	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	462	3	these	these	DET
epaa-273	462	4	chapters	chapter	NOUN
epaa-273	462	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	462	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	462	7	caveats	caveat	NOUN
epaa-273	462	8	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-273	462	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	463	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	463	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-273	463	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	463	4	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-273	463	5	moss	moss	NOUN
epaa-273	463	6	proposes	propose	VERB
epaa-273	463	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	463	8	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	463	9	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	463	10	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	463	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	463	12	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	463	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	463	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	463	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	463	16	rethought	rethink	VERB
epaa-273	463	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	463	18	allow	allow	VERB
epaa-273	463	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	463	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	463	21	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-273	463	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	463	23	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	463	24	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	463	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	463	26	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	463	27	concludes	conclude	VERB
epaa-273	463	28	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	463	29	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
epaa-273	463	30	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	463	31	classical	classical	ADJ
epaa-273	463	32	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-273	463	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	464	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	464	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	464	3	one	one	NUM
epaa-273	464	4	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-273	464	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	464	6	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	464	7	proposes	propose	VERB
epaa-273	464	8	an	an	DET
epaa-273	464	9	integrative	integrative	ADJ
epaa-273	464	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	464	11	hermeneutic	hermeneutic	ADJ
epaa-273	464	12	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-273	464	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	464	14	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	464	15	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	464	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	464	17	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	464	18	raters	rater	NOUN
epaa-273	464	19	engage	engage	VERB
epaa-273	464	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	464	21	a	a	DET
epaa-273	464	22	dialogue	dialogue	NOUN
epaa-273	464	23	to	to	PART
epaa-273	464	24	reach	reach	VERB
epaa-273	464	25	consensus	consensus	NOUN
epaa-273	464	26	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	464	27	ratings	rating	NOUN
epaa-273	464	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	464	29	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-273	464	30	she	she	PRON
epaa-273	464	31	acknowledges	acknowledge	VERB
epaa-273	464	32	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	464	33	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	464	34	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	464	35	a	a	DET
epaa-273	464	36	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	464	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	464	38	consuming	consume	VERB
epaa-273	464	39	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-273	464	40	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	464	41	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	464	42	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-273	464	43	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-273	464	44	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	464	45	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	464	46	needed	need	VERB
epaa-273	464	47	to	to	PART
epaa-273	464	48	explore	explore	VERB
epaa-273	464	49	both	both	DET
epaa-273	464	50	the	the	DET
epaa-273	464	51	possibilities	possibility	NOUN
epaa-273	464	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	464	53	limitations	limitation	NOUN
epaa-273	464	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	465	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-273	465	2	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	465	3	this	this	DET
epaa-273	465	4	proposed	propose	VERB
epaa-273	465	5	new	new	ADJ
epaa-273	465	6	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-273	465	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	465	8	moss	moss	NOUN
epaa-273	465	9	acknowledges	acknowledge	VERB
epaa-273	465	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	465	11	need	need	NOUN
epaa-273	465	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	465	13	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	465	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	465	15	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-273	465	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	465	17	representativeness	representativeness	NOUN
epaa-273	465	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	465	19	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-273	465	20	criticality	criticality	NOUN
epaa-273	465	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	465	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	465	23	performances	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	465	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	465	25	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	465	26	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	465	27	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	465	28	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	465	29	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	465	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	465	31	relatedness	relatedness	NOUN
epaa-273	465	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	465	33	social	social	ADJ
epaa-273	465	34	consequence	consequence	NOUN
epaa-273	465	35	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-273	465	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	465	37	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-273	465	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	465	39	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	465	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	465	41	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	465	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	465	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	465	44	most	most	ADJ
epaa-273	465	45	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	465	46	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	465	47	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	465	48	psychometrics	psychometric	NOUN
epaa-273	465	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	1	dollase	dollase	ADJ
epaa-273	466	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	3	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-273	466	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	6	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-273	466	7	advocating	advocate	VERB
epaa-273	466	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	466	9	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	466	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	466	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	466	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	466	13	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	466	14	acknowledges	acknowledge	VERB
epaa-273	466	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	466	16	severity	severity	NOUN
epaa-273	466	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	466	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	466	19	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	466	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	466	21	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	466	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	466	23	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-273	466	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	466	25	the	the	DET
epaa-273	466	26	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	27	doability	doability	NOUN
epaa-273	466	28	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	466	30	the	the	DET
epaa-273	466	31	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-273	466	32	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	466	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	466	34	caveats	caveat	NOUN
epaa-273	466	35	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-273	466	36	the	the	DET
epaa-273	466	37	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	466	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	466	39	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	466	40	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	466	41	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	466	42	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	466	43	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	466	44	this	this	DET
epaa-273	466	45	point	point	NOUN
epaa-273	466	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	47	arguments	argument	NOUN
epaa-273	466	48	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	466	49	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	466	50	made	make	VERB
epaa-273	466	51	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	466	52	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	466	53	the	the	DET
epaa-273	466	54	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-273	466	55	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-273	466	56	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	466	57	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	466	58	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	466	59	a	a	DET
epaa-273	466	60	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	466	61	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	62	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	466	63	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	466	64	environment	environment	NOUN
epaa-273	466	65	center	center	NOUN
epaa-273	466	66	around	around	ADP
epaa-273	466	67	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	466	68	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	69	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	466	70	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	71	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	466	72	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	73	excessive	excessive	ADJ
epaa-273	466	74	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	466	75	burdens	burden	NOUN
epaa-273	466	76	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	466	77	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	466	78	loss	loss	NOUN
epaa-273	466	79	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	466	80	the	the	DET
epaa-273	466	81	meaning	meaning	NOUN
epaa-273	466	82	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	466	83	value	value	NOUN
epaa-273	466	84	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	466	85	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	466	86	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	466	87	a	a	DET
epaa-273	466	88	viable	viable	ADJ
epaa-273	466	89	means	mean	NOUN
epaa-273	466	90	to	to	PART
epaa-273	466	91	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-273	466	92	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-273	466	93	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	467	1	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	467	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	467	3	this	this	DET
epaa-273	467	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-273	467	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	467	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	467	7	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-273	467	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	467	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	467	10	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-273	467	11	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	467	12	identified	identify	VERB
epaa-273	467	13	eight	eight	NUM
epaa-273	467	14	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	467	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	467	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	467	17	construction	construction	NOUN
epaa-273	467	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	467	19	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	467	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	467	21	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	467	22	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	467	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	467	24	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	467	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	467	26	an	an	DET
epaa-273	467	27	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	467	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	468	1	these	these	PRON
epaa-273	468	2	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	468	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	468	4	accompanied	accompany	VERB
epaa-273	468	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	468	6	some	some	DET
epaa-273	468	7	caveats	caveat	NOUN
epaa-273	468	8	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	468	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	468	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	468	11	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	468	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	468	13	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	468	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	468	15	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	468	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	468	17	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	468	18	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	468	19	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	468	20	added	add	VERB
epaa-273	468	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	469	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	469	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	469	3	listed	list	VERB
epaa-273	469	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	469	5	table	table	NOUN
epaa-273	469	6	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	469	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	469	8	table	table	NOUN
epaa-273	469	9	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	469	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	470	1	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	470	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	470	3	caveats	caveat	NOUN
epaa-273	470	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	470	5	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	470	6	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	470	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	470	8	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	470	9	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	470	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	470	11	an	an	DET
epaa-273	470	12	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	470	13	23	23	NUM
epaa-273	470	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	470	15	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	470	16	#	#	NOUN
epaa-273	470	17	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	470	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	470	19	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	470	20	caveats	caveat	NOUN
epaa-273	470	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	470	22	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	470	23	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	470	24	the	the	DET
epaa-273	470	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	470	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	470	27	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	470	28	to	to	PART
epaa-273	470	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	470	30	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	470	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	470	32	the	the	DET
epaa-273	470	33	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	470	34	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	470	35	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	470	36	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	470	37	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	470	38	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-273	470	39	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	470	40	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-273	470	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	471	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	471	2	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	471	3	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-273	471	4	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	471	5	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	471	6	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
epaa-273	471	7	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	471	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	471	9	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	471	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	471	11	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	471	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	471	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	471	14	authentic	authentic	ADJ
epaa-273	471	15	representations	representation	NOUN
epaa-273	471	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	471	17	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	471	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	471	19	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	471	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	471	21	the	the	DET
epaa-273	471	22	real	real	ADJ
epaa-273	471	23	world	world	NOUN
epaa-273	471	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	471	25	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	471	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	472	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	472	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	472	3	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	472	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	472	5	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	472	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	472	7	a	a	DET
epaa-273	472	8	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	472	9	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-273	472	10	containing	contain	VERB
epaa-273	472	11	new	new	ADJ
epaa-273	472	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	472	13	original	original	ADJ
epaa-273	472	14	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	472	15	created	create	VERB
epaa-273	472	16	outside	outside	ADV
epaa-273	472	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	472	18	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-273	472	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	472	20	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-273	472	21	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	472	22	just	just	ADV
epaa-273	472	23	a	a	DET
epaa-273	472	24	container	container	NOUN
epaa-273	472	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	472	26	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	472	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	472	28	course	course	NOUN
epaa-273	472	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	472	30	embedded	embed	VERB
epaa-273	472	31	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	472	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	472	33	the	the	DET
epaa-273	472	34	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	472	35	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	472	36	stand	stand	VERB
epaa-273	472	37	the	the	DET
epaa-273	472	38	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	472	39	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	472	40	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	472	41	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	472	42	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	472	43	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	472	44	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	472	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	472	46	authentic	authentic	ADJ
epaa-273	472	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	473	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	473	2	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	473	3	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	473	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	473	5	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-273	473	6	to	to	PART
epaa-273	473	7	defend	defend	VERB
epaa-273	473	8	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	473	9	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	473	10	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	473	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	473	12	a	a	DET
epaa-273	473	13	stand	stand	VERB
epaa-273	473	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	473	15	alone	alone	ADJ
epaa-273	473	16	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-273	473	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	473	18	a	a	DET
epaa-273	473	19	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	473	20	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	473	21	function	function	NOUN
epaa-273	473	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	473	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	473	24	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-273	473	25	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	473	26	a	a	DET
epaa-273	473	27	routine	routine	ADJ
epaa-273	473	28	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-273	473	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	473	30	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-273	473	31	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	473	32	lesson	lesson	NOUN
epaa-273	473	33	planning	planning	NOUN
epaa-273	473	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	473	35	communication	communication	NOUN
epaa-273	473	36	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	473	37	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	473	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	473	39	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-273	473	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	473	41	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	473	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	473	43	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-273	473	44	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	473	45	thinking	thinking	NOUN
epaa-273	473	46	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	473	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	473	48	etc	etc	X
epaa-273	473	49	.	.	X
epaa-273	474	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	474	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	474	3	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	474	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	474	5	electronic	electronic	ADJ
epaa-273	474	6	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	474	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	474	8	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	474	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	474	10	product	product	NOUN
epaa-273	474	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	474	12	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	474	13	to	to	PART
epaa-273	474	14	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	474	15	a	a	DET
epaa-273	474	16	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-273	474	17	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	474	18	expectation	expectation	NOUN
epaa-273	474	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	474	20	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	474	21	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	474	22	relates	relate	VERB
epaa-273	474	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	474	24	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	474	25	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	474	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	474	27	the	the	DET
epaa-273	474	28	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	474	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	474	30	the	the	DET
epaa-273	474	31	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	474	32	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	474	33	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	474	34	to	to	PART
epaa-273	474	35	justify	justify	VERB
epaa-273	474	36	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	474	37	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	474	38	the	the	DET
epaa-273	474	39	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	474	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	474	41	the	the	DET
epaa-273	474	42	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	474	43	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	474	44	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
epaa-273	474	45	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	474	46	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	474	47	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	474	48	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	474	49	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	474	50	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-273	474	51	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	474	52	the	the	DET
epaa-273	474	53	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	474	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	475	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	475	2	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	475	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	475	4	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-273	475	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	475	6	an	an	DET
epaa-273	475	7	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
epaa-273	475	8	perspective	perspective	NOUN
epaa-273	475	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	476	1	2	2	NUM
epaa-273	476	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	476	3	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-273	476	4	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	476	5	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	476	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	476	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	476	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	476	9	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	476	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	476	11	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	476	12	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-273	476	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	476	14	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	476	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	476	16	representativeness	representativeness	NOUN
epaa-273	476	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	476	18	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-273	476	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	476	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	476	21	proportionality	proportionality	NOUN
epaa-273	476	22	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	476	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	476	24	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	476	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	476	26	a	a	DET
epaa-273	476	27	container	container	NOUN
epaa-273	476	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	476	29	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	476	30	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	476	31	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	476	32	a	a	DET
epaa-273	476	33	summative	summative	ADJ
epaa-273	476	34	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	476	35	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	476	36	the	the	DET
epaa-273	476	37	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	476	38	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	476	39	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-273	476	40	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	476	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	476	42	the	the	DET
epaa-273	476	43	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	476	44	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	476	45	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	476	46	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-273	476	47	to	to	PART
epaa-273	476	48	defend	defend	VERB
epaa-273	476	49	the	the	DET
epaa-273	476	50	contents	content	NOUN
epaa-273	476	51	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	476	52	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	476	53	submitted	submit	VERB
epaa-273	476	54	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	476	55	all	all	DET
epaa-273	476	56	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	476	57	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	476	58	the	the	DET
epaa-273	476	59	representativeness	representativeness	NOUN
epaa-273	476	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	476	61	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-273	476	62	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	476	63	proportionality	proportionality	NOUN
epaa-273	476	64	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	476	65	contents	content	NOUN
epaa-273	476	66	against	against	ADP
epaa-273	476	67	the	the	DET
epaa-273	476	68	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	476	69	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	476	70	the	the	DET
epaa-273	476	71	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	476	72	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-273	476	73	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	476	74	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-273	476	75	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	476	76	the	the	DET
epaa-273	476	77	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	476	78	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	476	79	assessed	assess	VERB
epaa-273	476	80	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	476	81	national	national	ADJ
epaa-273	476	82	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	476	83	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	476	84	agencies	agency	NOUN
epaa-273	476	85	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	476	86	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	476	87	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	476	88	the	the	DET
epaa-273	476	89	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	476	90	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-273	476	91	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	476	92	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
epaa-273	476	93	framework	framework	NOUN
epaa-273	476	94	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	476	95	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	477	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	477	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	477	3	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	477	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	477	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	477	6	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	477	7	piece	piece	NOUN
epaa-273	477	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	477	9	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	477	10	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-273	477	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	477	12	then	then	ADV
epaa-273	477	13	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	477	14	place	place	NOUN
epaa-273	477	15	within	within	ADP
epaa-273	477	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	477	17	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	477	18	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	477	19	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	477	20	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	477	21	included	include	VERB
epaa-273	477	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	477	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	477	24	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-273	477	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	477	26	representativeness	representativeness	NOUN
epaa-273	477	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	477	28	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-273	477	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	477	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	477	31	proportionality	proportionality	NOUN
epaa-273	477	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	478	1	all	all	DET
epaa-273	478	2	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	478	3	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	478	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	478	5	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-273	478	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	478	7	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	478	8	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	478	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	478	10	relevant	relevant	ADJ
epaa-273	478	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	478	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	478	13	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	478	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	479	1	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	479	2	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	479	3	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	479	4	neatness	neatness	NOUN
epaa-273	479	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	479	6	organization	organization	NOUN
epaa-273	479	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	479	8	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-273	479	9	suspect	suspect	ADJ
epaa-273	479	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	479	11	unless	unless	SCONJ
epaa-273	479	12	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	479	13	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	479	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	479	15	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-273	479	16	tied	tie	VERB
epaa-273	479	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	479	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	479	19	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-273	479	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	479	21	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-273	479	22	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	479	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	479	24	the	the	DET
epaa-273	479	25	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	479	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	480	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	480	2	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	480	3	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	480	4	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	480	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	480	6	prove	prove	VERB
epaa-273	480	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	480	8	sloppy	sloppy	ADJ
epaa-273	480	9	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	480	10	disorganized	disorganized	ADJ
epaa-273	480	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	480	12	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	480	13	not	not	PART
epaa-273	480	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	480	15	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-273	480	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	480	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	481	1	3	3	NUM
epaa-273	481	2	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	481	3	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	481	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	481	5	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	481	6	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	481	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	481	8	written	write	VERB
epaa-273	481	9	documents	document	NOUN
epaa-273	481	10	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	481	11	to	to	PART
epaa-273	481	12	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	481	13	notice	notice	NOUN
epaa-273	481	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	481	15	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	481	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	481	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	481	18	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	481	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	481	20	the	the	DET
epaa-273	481	21	appeals	appeal	NOUN
epaa-273	481	22	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	481	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	481	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	481	25	the	the	DET
epaa-273	481	26	design	design	NOUN
epaa-273	481	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	481	28	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-273	481	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	481	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	481	31	the	the	DET
epaa-273	481	32	the	the	DET
epaa-273	481	33	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	481	34	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	481	35	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	481	36	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	481	37	documentation	documentation	NOUN
epaa-273	481	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	481	39	place	place	NOUN
epaa-273	481	40	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	481	41	tells	tell	VERB
epaa-273	481	42	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	481	43	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	481	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	481	45	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	481	46	to	to	PART
epaa-273	481	47	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-273	481	48	the	the	DET
epaa-273	481	49	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	481	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	481	51	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	481	52	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	481	53	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	481	54	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	481	55	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-273	481	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	481	57	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	481	58	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	481	59	allowed	allow	VERB
epaa-273	481	60	to	to	PART
epaa-273	481	61	help	help	VERB
epaa-273	481	62	them	they	PRON
epaa-273	481	63	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	481	64	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	481	65	much	much	ADJ
epaa-273	481	66	help	help	NOUN
epaa-273	481	67	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	481	68	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	481	69	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-273	481	70	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	481	71	the	the	DET
epaa-273	481	72	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-273	481	73	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	481	74	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-273	481	75	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	481	76	the	the	DET
epaa-273	481	77	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	481	78	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	481	79	remediation	remediation	NOUN
epaa-273	481	80	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	481	81	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	481	82	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	481	83	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	481	84	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	481	85	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	481	86	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-273	481	87	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	481	88	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	481	89	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	481	90	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	481	91	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	481	92	wish	wish	VERB
epaa-273	481	93	to	to	PART
epaa-273	481	94	challenge	challenge	VERB
epaa-273	481	95	the	the	DET
epaa-273	481	96	review	review	NOUN
epaa-273	481	97	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	481	98	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	482	1	24	24	NUM
epaa-273	482	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	482	3	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	482	4	appeals	appeal	NOUN
epaa-273	482	5	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	482	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	483	1	4	4	NUM
epaa-273	483	2	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	483	3	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	483	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	483	5	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	483	6	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-273	483	7	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	483	8	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-273	483	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	483	10	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	483	11	to	to	PART
epaa-273	483	12	succeed	succeed	VERB
epaa-273	483	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	483	14	meeting	meet	VERB
epaa-273	483	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	483	16	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	483	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	483	18	the	the	DET
epaa-273	483	19	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	483	20	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	483	21	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	483	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	483	23	to	to	PART
epaa-273	483	24	remediate	remediate	VERB
epaa-273	483	25	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	483	26	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	483	27	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	483	28	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-273	483	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	484	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	484	2	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	484	3	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	484	4	embed	embed	VERB
epaa-273	484	5	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	484	6	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	484	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	484	8	including	include	VERB
epaa-273	484	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	484	10	contents	content	NOUN
epaa-273	484	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	484	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	484	13	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	484	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	484	15	into	into	ADP
epaa-273	484	16	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	484	17	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-273	484	18	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	484	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	484	20	i.e.	i.e.	X
epaa-273	484	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	484	22	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-273	484	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	484	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	485	1	any	any	DET
epaa-273	485	2	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	485	3	outside	outside	ADP
epaa-273	485	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	485	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	485	6	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-273	485	7	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	485	8	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	485	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	485	10	subjected	subject	VERB
epaa-273	485	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	485	12	a	a	DET
epaa-273	485	13	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-273	485	14	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	485	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	485	16	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-273	485	17	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	485	18	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-273	485	19	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	485	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	486	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	486	2	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-273	486	3	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	486	4	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	486	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	486	6	buy	buy	VERB
epaa-273	486	7	into	into	ADP
epaa-273	486	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	486	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	486	10	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	486	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	486	12	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	486	13	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	486	14	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-273	486	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	486	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	486	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	486	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	486	19	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	486	20	remedial	remedial	ADJ
epaa-273	486	21	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	486	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	486	23	components	component	NOUN
epaa-273	486	24	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	486	25	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	486	26	found	find	VERB
epaa-273	486	27	lacking	lacking	ADJ
epaa-273	486	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	487	1	5	5	NUM
epaa-273	487	2	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	487	3	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	487	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	487	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	487	6	realistic	realistic	ADJ
epaa-273	487	7	cut	cut	NOUN
epaa-273	487	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	487	9	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	487	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	487	11	determining	determine	VERB
epaa-273	487	12	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	487	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	487	14	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	487	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	487	16	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
epaa-273	487	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	488	1	this	this	DET
epaa-273	488	2	cut	cut	VERB
epaa-273	488	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	488	4	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	488	5	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	488	6	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
epaa-273	488	7	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	488	8	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	488	9	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	488	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	488	11	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-273	488	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	488	13	enter	enter	VERB
epaa-273	488	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	488	15	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-273	488	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	488	17	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	488	18	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	488	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	488	20	not	not	PART
epaa-273	488	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	489	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	489	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	489	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	489	4	most	most	ADV
epaa-273	489	5	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-273	489	6	aspect	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	489	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	489	8	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	489	9	design	design	NOUN
epaa-273	489	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	490	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	490	2	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	490	3	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	490	4	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	490	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	490	6	identify	identify	VERB
epaa-273	490	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	490	8	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	490	9	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	490	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	490	11	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-273	490	12	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	490	13	sort	sort	NOUN
epaa-273	490	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	490	15	into	into	ADP
epaa-273	490	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	490	17	dichotomous	dichotomous	ADJ
epaa-273	490	18	categories	category	NOUN
epaa-273	490	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	490	20	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-273	490	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	490	22	not	not	PART
epaa-273	490	23	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-273	490	24	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	490	25	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	490	26	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	490	27	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	490	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	491	1	6	6	NUM
epaa-273	491	2	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	491	3	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	491	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	491	5	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-273	491	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	491	7	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	491	8	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	491	9	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	491	10	not	not	PART
epaa-273	491	11	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-273	491	12	complete	complete	ADJ
epaa-273	491	13	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	491	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	491	15	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	491	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	491	17	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	491	18	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	491	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	491	20	able	able	ADJ
epaa-273	491	21	to	to	PART
epaa-273	491	22	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	491	23	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-273	491	24	no	no	DET
epaa-273	491	25	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	491	26	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-273	491	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	492	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	492	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	492	3	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	492	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	492	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	492	6	container	container	NOUN
epaa-273	492	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	492	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	492	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	492	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	492	11	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	492	12	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	492	13	relate	relate	VERB
epaa-273	492	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	492	15	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	492	16	pieces	piece	NOUN
epaa-273	492	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	492	18	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	492	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	493	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	493	2	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	493	3	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	493	4	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	493	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	493	6	however	however	ADV
epaa-273	493	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	493	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	493	9	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	493	10	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	493	11	not	not	PART
epaa-273	493	12	detract	detract	VERB
epaa-273	493	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	493	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	493	15	representativeness	representativeness	NOUN
epaa-273	493	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	493	17	relevancy	relevancy	NOUN
epaa-273	493	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	493	19	proportionality	proportionality	NOUN
epaa-273	493	20	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	493	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	494	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	494	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	494	3	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	494	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	494	5	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	494	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	494	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	494	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	494	9	a	a	DET
epaa-273	494	10	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	494	11	standard	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	494	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	494	13	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	494	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	494	15	reflection	reflection	NOUN
epaa-273	494	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	494	17	then	then	ADV
epaa-273	494	18	an	an	DET
epaa-273	494	19	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
epaa-273	494	20	alternative	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	494	21	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	494	22	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	494	23	identified	identify	VERB
epaa-273	494	24	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	494	25	at	at	ADV
epaa-273	494	26	all	all	ADV
epaa-273	494	27	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-273	494	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	495	1	7	7	NUM
epaa-273	495	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	495	3	results	result	NOUN
epaa-273	495	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	495	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	495	6	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	495	7	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	495	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	495	9	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-273	495	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	495	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	495	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	495	13	extent	extent	NOUN
epaa-273	495	14	to	to	PART
epaa-273	495	15	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	495	16	protected	protect	VERB
epaa-273	495	17	populations	population	NOUN
epaa-273	495	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	495	19	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-273	495	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	495	21	disproportionately	disproportionately	ADV
epaa-273	495	22	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-273	495	23	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	495	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	495	25	monitored	monitor	VERB
epaa-273	495	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	496	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	496	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	496	3	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	496	4	finds	find	VERB
epaa-273	496	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	496	6	a	a	DET
epaa-273	496	7	disproportionate	disproportionate	ADJ
epaa-273	496	8	number	number	NOUN
epaa-273	496	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	496	10	protected	protect	VERB
epaa-273	496	11	populations	population	NOUN
epaa-273	496	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	496	13	minorities	minority	NOUN
epaa-273	496	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	496	15	handicapped	handicapped	ADJ
epaa-273	496	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	496	17	women	woman	NOUN
epaa-273	496	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	496	19	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	496	20	not	not	PART
epaa-273	496	21	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-273	496	22	complete	complete	VERB
epaa-273	496	23	the	the	DET
epaa-273	496	24	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	496	25	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	496	26	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	496	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	496	28	the	the	DET
epaa-273	496	29	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	496	30	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	496	31	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-273	496	32	to	to	PART
epaa-273	496	33	defend	defend	VERB
epaa-273	496	34	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	496	35	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	496	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	496	37	the	the	DET
epaa-273	496	38	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	496	39	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	496	40	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-273	496	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	496	42	all	all	PRON
epaa-273	496	43	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	496	44	the	the	DET
epaa-273	496	45	above	above	ADJ
epaa-273	496	46	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	496	47	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	496	48	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	496	49	6	6	NUM
epaa-273	496	50	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	496	51	show	show	VERB
epaa-273	496	52	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-273	496	53	no	no	DET
epaa-273	496	54	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	496	55	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-273	496	56	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	496	57	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	496	58	offered	offer	VERB
epaa-273	496	59	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	496	60	the	the	DET
epaa-273	496	61	protected	protect	VERB
epaa-273	496	62	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-273	496	63	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	497	1	25	25	NUM
epaa-273	497	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	497	3	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	497	4	8	8	NUM
epaa-273	497	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	497	6	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	497	7	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	497	8	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	497	9	implemented	implement	VERB
epaa-273	497	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	497	11	monitored	monitor	VERB
epaa-273	497	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	497	13	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	497	14	reliable	reliable	ADJ
epaa-273	497	15	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-273	497	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	497	17	to	to	PART
epaa-273	497	18	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-273	497	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	497	20	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	497	21	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	497	22	support	support	NOUN
epaa-273	497	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	498	1	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	498	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	498	3	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	498	4	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	498	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	498	6	performed	perform	VERB
epaa-273	498	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	498	8	samples	sample	NOUN
epaa-273	498	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	498	10	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	498	11	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	498	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	498	13	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	498	14	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-273	498	15	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	498	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	498	17	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-273	498	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	498	19	a	a	DET
epaa-273	498	20	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-273	498	21	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-273	498	22	to	to	PART
epaa-273	498	23	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	498	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	498	25	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	498	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	498	27	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-273	498	28	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	498	29	not	not	PART
epaa-273	498	30	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	498	31	drifting	drift	VERB
epaa-273	498	32	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	498	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	498	34	to	to	PART
epaa-273	498	35	minimize	minimize	VERB
epaa-273	498	36	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	498	37	error	error	NOUN
epaa-273	498	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	499	1	raters	rater	NOUN
epaa-273	499	2	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	499	3	to	to	PART
epaa-273	499	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	499	5	trained	train	VERB
epaa-273	499	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	499	7	updated	update	VERB
epaa-273	499	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	499	9	a	a	DET
epaa-273	499	10	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-273	499	11	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-273	499	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	500	1	directions	direction	NOUN
epaa-273	500	2	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	500	3	to	to	PART
epaa-273	500	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	500	5	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-273	500	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	501	1	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	501	2	across	across	ADP
epaa-273	501	3	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	501	4	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	501	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	501	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	501	7	comparable	comparable	ADJ
epaa-273	501	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	501	9	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-273	501	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	502	1	rater	rater	ADJ
epaa-273	502	2	mood	mood	NOUN
epaa-273	502	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	502	4	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
epaa-273	502	5	need	need	VERB
epaa-273	502	6	to	to	PART
epaa-273	502	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	502	8	carefully	carefully	ADV
epaa-273	502	9	monitored	monitor	VERB
epaa-273	502	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	503	1	safeguards	safeguard	NOUN
epaa-273	503	2	against	against	ADP
epaa-273	503	3	cheating	cheat	VERB
epaa-273	503	4	need	need	NOUN
epaa-273	503	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	503	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	503	7	implemented	implement	VERB
epaa-273	503	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	504	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	504	2	sufficiency	sufficiency	NOUN
epaa-273	504	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	504	4	items	item	NOUN
epaa-273	504	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	504	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	504	7	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	504	8	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	504	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	504	10	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-273	504	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	505	1	records	record	NOUN
epaa-273	505	2	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	505	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	505	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	505	5	kept	keep	VERB
epaa-273	505	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	505	7	all	all	DET
epaa-273	505	8	exceptions	exception	NOUN
epaa-273	505	9	made	make	VERB
epaa-273	505	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	505	11	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-273	505	12	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-273	505	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	505	14	due	due	ADJ
epaa-273	505	15	process	process	NOUN
epaa-273	505	16	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
epaa-273	505	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	505	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	505	19	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	505	20	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	505	21	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	505	22	training	training	NOUN
epaa-273	505	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	506	1	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	506	2	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	506	3	have	have	VERB
epaa-273	506	4	a	a	DET
epaa-273	506	5	place	place	NOUN
epaa-273	506	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	506	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	506	8	training	training	NOUN
epaa-273	506	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	506	10	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	506	11	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	507	1	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	507	2	remain	remain	VERB
epaa-273	507	3	an	an	DET
epaa-273	507	4	excellent	excellent	ADJ
epaa-273	507	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	507	6	device	device	NOUN
epaa-273	507	7	to	to	PART
epaa-273	507	8	support	support	VERB
epaa-273	507	9	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-273	507	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	508	1	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-273	508	2	raised	raise	VERB
epaa-273	508	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	508	4	this	this	DET
epaa-273	508	5	article	article	NOUN
epaa-273	508	6	relate	relate	VERB
epaa-273	508	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	508	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	508	9	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	508	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	508	11	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	508	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	508	13	summative	summative	ADJ
epaa-273	508	14	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	508	15	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	508	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	508	17	all	all	DET
epaa-273	508	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	508	19	most	most	ADJ
epaa-273	508	20	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	508	21	combined	combine	VERB
epaa-273	508	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	508	23	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-273	508	24	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	508	25	contents	content	NOUN
epaa-273	508	26	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-273	508	27	widely	widely	ADV
epaa-273	508	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	509	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	509	2	contents	content	NOUN
epaa-273	509	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	509	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	509	5	same	same	ADJ
epaa-273	509	6	across	across	ADP
epaa-273	509	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	509	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	509	9	then	then	ADV
epaa-273	509	10	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-273	509	11	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	509	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	509	13	raised	raise	VERB
epaa-273	509	14	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	509	15	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	509	16	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	509	17	the	the	DET
epaa-273	509	18	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	509	19	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-273	509	20	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-273	509	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	510	1	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	510	2	a	a	DET
epaa-273	510	3	checklist	checklist	NOUN
epaa-273	510	4	enough	enough	ADV
epaa-273	510	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	510	6	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-273	510	7	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	510	8	all	all	DET
epaa-273	510	9	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	510	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	510	11	completed	complete	VERB
epaa-273	510	12	satisfactorily	satisfactorily	ADV
epaa-273	510	13	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	511	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	511	2	so	so	ADV
epaa-273	511	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	511	4	could	could	AUX
epaa-273	511	5	some	some	DET
epaa-273	511	6	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	511	7	type	type	NOUN
epaa-273	511	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	511	9	tracking	tracking	NOUN
epaa-273	511	10	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	511	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	511	12	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	511	13	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	511	14	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-273	511	15	less	less	ADJ
epaa-273	511	16	burden	burden	NOUN
epaa-273	511	17	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	511	18	both	both	DET
epaa-273	511	19	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	511	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	511	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	511	22	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	512	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-273	512	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	512	3	reflective	reflective	ADJ
epaa-273	512	4	aspect	aspect	NOUN
epaa-273	512	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	512	6	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-273	512	7	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-273	512	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	512	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	512	10	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	512	11	other	other	ADJ
epaa-273	512	12	forms	form	NOUN
epaa-273	512	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	512	14	reflection	reflection	NOUN
epaa-273	512	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	512	16	might	might	AUX
epaa-273	512	17	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-273	512	18	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-273	512	19	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	512	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	512	21	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	512	22	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	512	23	a	a	DET
epaa-273	512	24	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	512	25	development	development	NOUN
epaa-273	512	26	plan	plan	NOUN
epaa-273	512	27	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	513	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	513	2	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	513	3	development	development	NOUN
epaa-273	513	4	plan	plan	NOUN
epaa-273	513	5	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	513	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	513	7	a	a	DET
epaa-273	513	8	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	513	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	513	10	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	513	11	task	task	NOUN
epaa-273	513	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	513	13	any	any	DET
epaa-273	513	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	513	15	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-273	513	16	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-273	513	17	require	require	VERB
epaa-273	513	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	513	19	to	to	PART
epaa-273	513	20	develop	develop	VERB
epaa-273	513	21	such	such	ADJ
epaa-273	513	22	plans	plan	NOUN
epaa-273	513	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	514	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	514	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	514	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	514	4	widely	widely	ADV
epaa-273	514	5	accepted	accept	VERB
epaa-273	514	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	514	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	514	8	research	research	NOUN
epaa-273	514	9	supported	support	VERB
epaa-273	514	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	514	11	view	view	VERB
epaa-273	514	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	514	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	514	14	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	514	15	identify	identify	VERB
epaa-273	514	16	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	514	17	own	own	ADJ
epaa-273	514	18	strengths	strength	NOUN
epaa-273	514	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	514	20	weaknesses	weakness	NOUN
epaa-273	514	21	as	as	ADV
epaa-273	514	22	well	well	ADV
epaa-273	514	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	514	24	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	514	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	514	26	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	514	27	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	514	28	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	514	29	better	well	ADJ
epaa-273	514	30	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
epaa-273	514	31	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	514	32	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	514	33	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	514	34	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	514	35	not	not	PART
epaa-273	514	36	do	do	VERB
epaa-273	514	37	so	so	ADV
epaa-273	514	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	514	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	514	40	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-273	514	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	514	42	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	514	43	participate	participate	VERB
epaa-273	514	44	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	514	45	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-273	514	46	development	development	NOUN
epaa-273	514	47	planning	planning	NOUN
epaa-273	514	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	514	49	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-273	514	50	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	514	51	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-273	514	52	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-273	514	53	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	514	54	most	most	ADJ
epaa-273	514	55	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	514	56	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	514	57	school	school	NOUN
epaa-273	514	58	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-273	514	59	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	515	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-273	515	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-273	515	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-273	515	4	some	some	DET
epaa-273	515	5	instances	instance	NOUN
epaa-273	515	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	515	7	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	515	8	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	515	9	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	515	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	515	11	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	515	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	515	13	assess	assess	VERB
epaa-273	515	14	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	515	15	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	515	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	515	17	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	515	18	been	be	AUX
epaa-273	515	19	accepted	accept	VERB
epaa-273	515	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	515	21	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	515	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	515	23	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-273	515	24	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	515	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	516	1	these	these	DET
epaa-273	516	2	instances	instance	NOUN
epaa-273	516	3	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	516	4	help	help	VERB
epaa-273	516	5	to	to	PART
epaa-273	516	6	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
epaa-273	516	7	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	516	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	516	9	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-273	516	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	516	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	516	12	incompetent	incompetent	ADJ
epaa-273	516	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	516	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	516	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	516	16	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	516	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	516	18	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	516	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	517	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	517	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-273	517	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	517	4	a	a	DET
epaa-273	517	5	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	517	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	517	7	k-12	k-12	PROPN
epaa-273	517	8	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	517	9	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	517	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	517	11	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	517	12	to	to	PART
epaa-273	517	13	assess	assess	VERB
epaa-273	517	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	517	15	extent	extent	NOUN
epaa-273	517	16	to	to	PART
epaa-273	517	17	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	517	18	a	a	DET
epaa-273	517	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	517	20	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	517	21	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	517	22	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-273	517	23	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	517	24	to	to	PART
epaa-273	517	25	think	think	VERB
epaa-273	517	26	critically	critically	ADV
epaa-273	517	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	517	28	creatively	creatively	ADV
epaa-273	517	29	would	would	AUX
epaa-273	517	30	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	517	31	an	an	DET
epaa-273	517	32	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	517	33	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	517	34	test	test	NOUN
epaa-273	517	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	517	36	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	518	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-273	518	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	518	3	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-273	518	4	a	a	DET
epaa-273	518	5	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	518	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	518	7	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	518	8	task	task	NOUN
epaa-273	518	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	518	10	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-273	518	11	the	the	DET
epaa-273	518	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	518	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	518	14	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	518	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	518	16	most	most	ADJ
epaa-273	518	17	states	state	NOUN
epaa-273	518	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	518	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-273	518	20	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-273	518	21	to	to	PART
epaa-273	518	22	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-273	518	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	518	24	children	child	NOUN
epaa-273	518	25	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	518	26	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-273	518	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	519	1	these	these	DET
epaa-273	519	2	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-273	519	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	519	4	suggesting	suggest	VERB
epaa-273	519	5	a	a	DET
epaa-273	519	6	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	519	7	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-273	519	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	519	9	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-273	519	10	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	519	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	519	12	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	519	13	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-273	519	14	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	519	15	to	to	PART
epaa-273	519	16	measure	measure	VERB
epaa-273	519	17	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-273	519	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	519	19	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	519	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	519	21	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	519	22	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	519	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	520	1	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	520	2	limiting	limit	VERB
epaa-273	520	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	520	4	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	520	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	520	6	complexity	complexity	NOUN
epaa-273	520	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	520	8	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	520	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	520	10	the	the	DET
epaa-273	520	11	long	long	ADV
epaa-273	520	12	known	know	VERB
epaa-273	520	13	values	value	NOUN
epaa-273	520	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	520	15	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	520	16	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	520	17	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	520	18	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	520	19	realized	realize	VERB
epaa-273	520	20	without	without	ADP
epaa-273	520	21	burdening	burden	VERB
epaa-273	520	22	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	520	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	520	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	520	25	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	520	26	excessive	excessive	ADJ
epaa-273	520	27	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-273	520	28	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	520	29	have	have	AUX
epaa-273	520	30	limited	limit	VERB
epaa-273	520	31	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	520	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	520	33	without	without	ADP
epaa-273	520	34	taking	take	VERB
epaa-273	520	35	serious	serious	ADJ
epaa-273	520	36	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	520	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	520	38	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	520	39	risks	risk	NOUN
epaa-273	520	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	521	1	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-273	521	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	521	3	implications	implication	NOUN
epaa-273	521	4	26	26	NUM
epaa-273	521	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	521	6	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	521	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	521	8	shift	shift	NOUN
epaa-273	521	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	521	10	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-273	521	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	521	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	521	13	departments	department	NOUN
epaa-273	521	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	521	15	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	521	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	521	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	521	18	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	521	19	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-273	521	20	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	521	21	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-273	521	22	the	the	DET
epaa-273	521	23	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-273	521	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	521	25	scdes	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	521	26	will	will	AUX
epaa-273	521	27	face	face	VERB
epaa-273	521	28	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	521	29	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	521	30	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	521	31	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	521	32	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	521	33	denied	deny	VERB
epaa-273	521	34	diplomas	diploma	NOUN
epaa-273	521	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	521	36	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	521	37	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	521	38	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	521	39	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	521	40	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	521	41	the	the	DET
epaa-273	521	42	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	521	43	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	521	44	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	521	45	the	the	DET
epaa-273	521	46	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-273	521	47	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	521	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	522	1	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-273	522	2	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
epaa-273	522	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	522	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	522	5	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
epaa-273	522	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	522	7	showcase	showcase	NOUN
epaa-273	522	8	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	522	9	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-273	522	10	being	be	AUX
epaa-273	522	11	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	522	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	522	13	many	many	ADJ
epaa-273	522	14	scdes	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	522	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	522	16	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	522	17	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	522	18	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	522	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	522	20	candidate	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	522	21	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
epaa-273	522	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	522	23	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	522	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	522	25	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-273	522	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	523	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	523	2	these	these	DET
epaa-273	523	3	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	523	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	523	5	used	use	VERB
epaa-273	523	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	523	7	a	a	DET
epaa-273	523	8	measure	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	523	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	523	10	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	523	11	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	523	12	themselves	themselves	PRON
epaa-273	523	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	523	14	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	523	15	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	523	16	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	523	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	523	18	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
epaa-273	523	19	using	use	VERB
epaa-273	523	20	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	523	21	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	523	22	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	523	23	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	523	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	523	25	only	only	ADV
epaa-273	523	26	tangential	tangential	ADJ
epaa-273	523	27	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-273	523	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	523	29	authentic	authentic	ADJ
epaa-273	523	30	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	523	31	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	523	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	523	33	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	523	34	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	523	35	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	523	36	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	523	37	not	not	PART
epaa-273	523	38	substantially	substantially	ADV
epaa-273	523	39	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	523	40	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	523	41	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	523	42	required	require	VERB
epaa-273	523	43	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	523	44	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	523	45	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	523	46	approval	approval	NOUN
epaa-273	523	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	523	48	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	523	49	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	523	50	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	523	51	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	523	52	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-273	523	53	as	as	ADP
epaa-273	523	54	an	an	DET
epaa-273	523	55	extra	extra	ADJ
epaa-273	523	56	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	523	57	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-273	523	58	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-273	523	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	523	60	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	523	61	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	523	62	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	523	63	contain	contain	VERB
epaa-273	523	64	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	523	65	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	523	66	selected	select	VERB
epaa-273	523	67	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-273	523	68	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	523	69	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	523	70	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	523	71	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	523	72	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	523	73	not	not	PART
epaa-273	523	74	adequately	adequately	ADV
epaa-273	523	75	monitored	monitor	VERB
epaa-273	523	76	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	523	77	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-273	523	78	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	523	79	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-273	523	80	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	523	81	the	the	DET
epaa-273	523	82	threat	threat	NOUN
epaa-273	523	83	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	523	84	litigation	litigation	NOUN
epaa-273	523	85	increases	increase	VERB
epaa-273	523	86	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-273	523	87	the	the	DET
epaa-273	523	88	scde	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	523	89	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	523	90	fail	fail	VERB
epaa-273	523	91	to	to	PART
epaa-273	523	92	pay	pay	VERB
epaa-273	523	93	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-273	523	94	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	523	95	psychometrics	psychometric	NOUN
epaa-273	523	96	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	524	1	new	new	ADJ
epaa-273	524	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	524	3	make	make	VERB
epaa-273	524	4	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	524	5	qualities	quality	NOUN
epaa-273	524	6	more	more	ADV
epaa-273	524	7	important	important	ADJ
epaa-273	524	8	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	524	9	ever	ever	ADV
epaa-273	524	10	to	to	PART
epaa-273	524	11	avoid	avoid	VERB
epaa-273	524	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	524	13	…	…	PUNCT
epaa-273	524	14	more	more	ADJ
epaa-273	524	15	than	than	ADP
epaa-273	524	16	ever	ever	ADV
epaa-273	524	17	before	before	ADV
epaa-273	524	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	525	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	525	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	525	3	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	525	4	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	525	5	has	have	AUX
epaa-273	525	6	informed	inform	VERB
epaa-273	525	7	an	an	DET
epaa-273	525	8	army	army	NOUN
epaa-273	525	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	525	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-273	525	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	525	12	lawyers	lawyer	NOUN
epaa-273	525	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	525	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	525	15	details	detail	NOUN
epaa-273	525	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	525	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	525	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	525	19	so	so	CCONJ
epaa-273	525	20	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	525	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	525	22	easier	easy	ADJ
epaa-273	525	23	to	to	PART
epaa-273	525	24	sue	sue	VERB
epaa-273	525	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	526	1	to	to	PART
epaa-273	526	2	avoid	avoid	VERB
epaa-273	526	3	litigation	litigation	NOUN
epaa-273	526	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	526	5	scdes	scde	NOUN
epaa-273	526	6	must	must	AUX
epaa-273	526	7	carefully	carefully	ADV
epaa-273	526	8	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-273	526	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	526	10	design	design	NOUN
epaa-273	526	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	526	12	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-273	526	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	526	14	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	526	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	526	16	should	should	AUX
epaa-273	526	17	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-273	526	18	a	a	DET
epaa-273	526	19	heavier	heavy	ADJ
epaa-273	526	20	reliance	reliance	NOUN
epaa-273	526	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	526	22	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-273	526	23	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	526	24	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	526	25	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	526	26	combined	combine	VERB
epaa-273	526	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	526	28	a	a	DET
epaa-273	526	29	way	way	NOUN
epaa-273	526	30	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	526	31	leads	lead	VERB
epaa-273	526	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	526	33	an	an	DET
epaa-273	526	34	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-273	526	35	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	526	36	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	526	37	cut	cut	VERB
epaa-273	526	38	score	score	NOUN
epaa-273	526	39	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	526	40	differentiates	differentiate	NOUN
epaa-273	526	41	between	between	ADP
epaa-273	526	42	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	526	43	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	526	44	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	526	45	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-273	526	46	to	to	PART
epaa-273	526	47	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	526	48	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-273	526	49	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	526	50	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	526	51	those	those	PRON
epaa-273	526	52	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	526	53	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	526	54	not	not	PART
epaa-273	526	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	527	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	527	2	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	527	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	527	4	key	key	ADJ
epaa-273	527	5	course	course	NOUN
epaa-273	527	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	527	7	internship	internship	NOUN
epaa-273	527	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	527	9	embedded	embed	VERB
epaa-273	527	10	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	527	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	527	12	measure	measure	VERB
epaa-273	527	13	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-273	527	14	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-273	527	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	527	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	527	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	527	18	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-273	527	19	to	to	PART
epaa-273	527	20	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-273	527	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-273	527	22	they	they	PRON
epaa-273	527	23	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	527	24	representative	representative	ADJ
epaa-273	527	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	527	26	relevant	relevant	ADJ
epaa-273	527	27	job	job	NOUN
epaa-273	527	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	527	29	related	relate	VERB
epaa-273	527	30	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	527	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	527	32	the	the	DET
epaa-273	527	33	domains	domain	NOUN
epaa-273	527	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	527	35	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	527	36	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	527	37	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
epaa-273	527	38	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	527	39	the	the	DET
epaa-273	527	40	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	527	41	who	who	PRON
epaa-273	527	42	assign	assign	VERB
epaa-273	527	43	them	they	PRON
epaa-273	527	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	527	45	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	527	46	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	527	47	tracked	track	VERB
epaa-273	527	48	through	through	ADP
epaa-273	527	49	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	527	50	records	record	NOUN
epaa-273	527	51	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	527	52	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-273	527	53	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	527	54	electronic	electronic	ADJ
epaa-273	527	55	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	527	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	527	57	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	527	58	that	that	PRON
epaa-273	527	59	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	527	60	combined	combine	VERB
epaa-273	527	61	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	527	62	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-273	527	63	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-273	527	64	to	to	PART
epaa-273	527	65	establish	establish	VERB
epaa-273	527	66	which	which	PRON
epaa-273	527	67	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-273	527	68	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	527	69	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-273	527	70	to	to	PART
epaa-273	527	71	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	527	72	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-273	527	73	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	527	74	hold	hold	VERB
epaa-273	527	75	far	far	ADV
epaa-273	527	76	better	well	ADJ
epaa-273	527	77	promise	promise	NOUN
epaa-273	527	78	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	527	79	satisfying	satisfy	VERB
epaa-273	527	80	the	the	DET
epaa-273	527	81	psychometrics	psychometric	NOUN
epaa-273	527	82	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	527	83	keeping	keep	VERB
epaa-273	527	84	the	the	DET
epaa-273	527	85	big	big	ADJ
epaa-273	527	86	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	527	87	little	little	ADJ
epaa-273	527	88	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	527	89	children	child	NOUN
epaa-273	527	90	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	527	91	safe	safe	ADJ
epaa-273	527	92	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	527	93	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-273	527	94	their	their	PRON
epaa-273	527	95	university	university	NOUN
epaa-273	527	96	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	527	97	k-12	k-12	PROPN
epaa-273	527	98	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	527	99	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	528	1	references	reference	NOUN
epaa-273	528	2	american	american	PROPN
epaa-273	528	3	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-273	528	4	research	research	PROPN
epaa-273	528	5	association	association	PROPN
epaa-273	528	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	528	7	american	american	PROPN
epaa-273	528	8	psychological	psychological	PROPN
epaa-273	528	9	association	association	PROPN
epaa-273	528	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	528	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	528	12	national	national	PROPN
epaa-273	528	13	council	council	PROPN
epaa-273	528	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	528	15	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	528	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	528	17	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	528	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	528	19	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-273	528	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	528	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	529	1	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	529	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	529	3	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	529	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	529	5	psychological	psychological	ADJ
epaa-273	529	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	529	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	530	1	arter	arter	NOUN
epaa-273	530	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	530	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-273	530	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	530	5	v.	v.	ADP
epaa-273	530	6	spandel	spandel	PROPN
epaa-273	530	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	530	8	spring	spring	NOUN
epaa-273	530	9	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-273	530	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	530	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	531	1	úsing	úse	VERB
epaa-273	531	2	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	531	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	531	4	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	531	5	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	531	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	531	7	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-273	531	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	531	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	531	10	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-273	532	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	532	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	532	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	532	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	532	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	532	6	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	532	7	11	11	NUM
epaa-273	532	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	532	9	1	1	NUM
epaa-273	532	10	:	:	SYM
epaa-273	532	11	36	36	NUM
epaa-273	532	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	532	13	44	44	NUM
epaa-273	532	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	533	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	533	2	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-273	533	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	533	4	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-273	533	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	533	6	et	et	PROPN
epaa-273	533	7	al	al	PROPN
epaa-273	533	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	533	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	533	10	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-273	533	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	533	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	534	1	council	council	PROPN
epaa-273	534	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	534	3	chief	chief	ADJ
epaa-273	534	4	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	534	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-273	534	6	officers	officer	NOUN
epaa-273	534	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	535	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	535	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-273	535	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	535	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	536	1	key	key	ADJ
epaa-273	536	2	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	536	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	536	4	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-273	536	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	536	6	k-12	k-12	PROPN
epaa-273	536	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	536	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	536	9	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	536	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	536	11	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-273	536	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	536	13	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	536	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	536	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	536	16	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-273	536	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	536	18	time	time	NOUN
epaa-273	536	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	536	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	536	21	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-273	536	22	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	536	23	a	a	DET
epaa-273	536	24	50	50	NUM
epaa-273	536	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	536	26	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	536	27	report	report	NOUN
epaa-273	536	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	537	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-273	537	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	537	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-273	537	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	537	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	538	1	author	author	NOUN
epaa-273	538	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	539	1	dollase	dollase	PROPN
epaa-273	539	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	539	3	richard	richard	PROPN
epaa-273	539	4	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-273	539	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	539	6	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-273	539	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	539	8	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	539	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	539	10	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	539	11	mandates	mandate	VERB
epaa-273	539	12	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	539	13	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	539	14	the	the	DET
epaa-273	539	15	vermont	vermont	PROPN
epaa-273	539	16	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-273	539	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	540	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	540	2	lyons	lyons	PROPN
epaa-273	540	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	540	4	n.	n.	NOUN
epaa-273	540	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	540	6	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-273	540	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	540	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	541	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	541	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-273	541	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	541	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	542	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	542	2	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	542	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	542	4	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-273	542	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	542	6	validating	validate	VERB
epaa-273	542	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	542	8	new	new	ADJ
epaa-273	542	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	542	10	professionalism	professionalism	NOUN
epaa-273	542	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	543	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	543	2	college	college	PROPN
epaa-273	543	3	press	press	PROPN
epaa-273	543	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	543	5	new	new	PROPN
epaa-273	543	6	york	york	PROPN
epaa-273	543	7	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-273	543	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	543	9	equal	equal	ADJ
epaa-273	543	10	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-273	543	11	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-273	543	12	commission	commission	NOUN
epaa-273	543	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	543	14	1978	1978	NUM
epaa-273	543	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	544	1	uniform	uniform	ADJ
epaa-273	544	2	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
epaa-273	544	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	544	4	employee	employee	NOUN
epaa-273	544	5	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-273	544	6	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-273	544	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	545	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-273	545	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	545	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-273	545	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	545	5	gearhart	gearhart	PROPN
epaa-273	545	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	545	7	maryl	maryl	PROPN
epaa-273	545	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	545	9	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-273	545	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	545	11	joan	joan	PROPN
epaa-273	545	12	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-273	545	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	545	14	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-273	545	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	545	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	546	1	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	546	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	546	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	546	4	whose	whose	DET
epaa-273	546	5	work	work	NOUN
epaa-273	546	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	546	7	it	it	PRON
epaa-273	546	8	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	547	1	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	547	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	547	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	547	4	use	use	NOUN
epaa-273	547	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	547	6	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-273	547	7	assignments	assignment	NOUN
epaa-273	547	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	547	9	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-273	547	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	548	1	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-273	548	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	548	3	joan	joan	PROPN
epaa-273	548	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-273	548	5	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	548	6	aschbacher	aschbacher	PROPN
epaa-273	548	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	548	8	pamela	pamela	PROPN
epaa-273	548	9	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-273	548	10	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	548	11	winters	winter	NOUN
epaa-273	548	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	548	13	lynn	lynn	PROPN
epaa-273	548	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	548	15	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-273	548	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	548	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	549	1	a	a	DET
epaa-273	549	2	practical	practical	ADJ
epaa-273	549	3	guide	guide	NOUN
epaa-273	549	4	to	to	PART
epaa-273	549	5	alternative	alternative	VERB
epaa-273	549	6	27	27	NUM
epaa-273	549	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	549	8	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	549	9	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	549	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	550	1	association	association	NOUN
epaa-273	550	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	550	3	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-273	550	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	550	5	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-273	550	6	development	development	PROPN
epaa-273	550	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	550	8	alexandria	alexandria	PROPN
epaa-273	550	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	550	10	va	va	PROPN
epaa-273	550	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	550	12	hazi	hazi	PROPN
epaa-273	550	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	550	14	helen	helen	PROPN
epaa-273	550	15	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-273	550	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	550	17	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-273	550	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	550	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	551	1	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	551	2	versus	versus	ADP
epaa-273	551	3	supervisory	supervisory	ADJ
epaa-273	551	4	judgment	judgment	NOUN
epaa-273	551	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	551	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	551	7	case	case	NOUN
epaa-273	551	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	551	9	sweeney	sweeney	PROPN
epaa-273	551	10	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-273	551	11	turlington	turlington	PROPN
epaa-273	551	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	551	13	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-273	551	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	551	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-273	551	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	551	17	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-273	551	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	552	1	spring	spring	NOUN
epaa-273	552	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	552	3	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-273	552	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	552	5	4(3	4(3	NUM
epaa-273	552	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	552	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	552	8	211	211	NUM
epaa-273	552	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	552	10	229	229	NUM
epaa-273	552	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	553	1	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-273	553	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	553	3	gary	gary	PROPN
epaa-273	553	4	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-273	553	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	553	6	scannell	scannell	PROPN
epaa-273	553	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	553	8	dale	dale	PROPN
epaa-273	553	9	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-273	553	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	553	11	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-273	553	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	553	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	554	1	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	554	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	554	3	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	554	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	554	5	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	554	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	554	7	creating	create	VERB
epaa-273	554	8	a	a	DET
epaa-273	554	9	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
epaa-273	554	10	unit	unit	NOUN
epaa-273	554	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	554	12	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	554	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	555	1	fulcram	fulcram	NOUN
epaa-273	555	2	publishing	publishing	NOUN
epaa-273	555	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	555	4	golden	golden	PROPN
epaa-273	555	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	555	6	co.	co.	PROPN
epaa-273	555	7	kane	kane	PROPN
epaa-273	555	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	555	9	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-273	555	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	555	11	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-273	555	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	555	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	556	1	validating	validate	VERB
epaa-273	556	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	556	3	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	556	4	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	556	5	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-273	556	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	556	7	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-273	556	8	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-273	556	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	556	10	review	review	NOUN
epaa-273	556	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	556	12	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	556	13	research	research	NOUN
epaa-273	556	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	556	15	fall	fall	NOUN
epaa-273	556	16	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-273	556	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	556	18	64(3	64(3	NUM
epaa-273	556	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	556	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	556	21	425	425	NUM
epaa-273	556	22	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	556	23	461	461	NUM
epaa-273	556	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	557	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-273	557	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	557	3	daniel	daniel	PROPN
epaa-273	557	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	557	5	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-273	557	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	557	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	558	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	558	2	evolution	evolution	NOUN
epaa-273	558	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	558	4	a	a	DET
epaa-273	558	5	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	558	6	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	558	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	558	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	558	9	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-273	558	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	558	11	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-273	558	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	558	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	558	14	vermont	vermont	PROPN
epaa-273	558	15	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	558	16	program	program	PROPN
epaa-273	558	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	558	18	its	its	PRON
epaa-273	558	19	second	second	ADJ
epaa-273	558	20	year	year	NOUN
epaa-273	558	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	558	22	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-273	558	23	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	558	24	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-273	558	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	558	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	559	1	report	report	NOUN
epaa-273	559	2	from	from	ADP
epaa-273	559	3	the	the	DET
epaa-273	559	4	national	national	ADJ
epaa-273	559	5	center	center	NOUN
epaa-273	559	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	559	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-273	559	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	559	9	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	559	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	559	11	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	559	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	559	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	559	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-273	559	15	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	559	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	559	17	los	los	PROPN
epaa-273	559	18	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-273	559	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	559	20	ca	ca	PROPN
epaa-273	559	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	560	1	office	office	NOUN
epaa-273	560	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	560	3	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	560	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-273	560	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	560	6	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-273	560	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	560	8	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-273	560	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	560	10	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-273	560	11	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	560	12	lee	lee	PROPN
epaa-273	560	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	560	14	william	william	PROPN
epaa-273	560	15	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-273	560	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	560	17	owens	owens	PROPN
epaa-273	560	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	560	19	diana	diana	PROPN
epaa-273	560	20	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-273	560	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	560	22	april	april	PROPN
epaa-273	560	23	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	560	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	560	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	561	1	court	court	NOUN
epaa-273	561	2	rulings	ruling	NOUN
epaa-273	561	3	favor	favor	VERB
epaa-273	561	4	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	561	5	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	561	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	561	7	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	561	8	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-273	561	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	562	1	40(4	40(4	NUM
epaa-273	562	2	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	562	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	563	1	lemke	lemke	PROPN
epaa-273	563	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	563	3	june	june	PROPN
epaa-273	563	4	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-273	563	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	563	6	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-273	563	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	563	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	564	1	preparing	prepare	VERB
epaa-273	564	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	564	3	best	good	ADJ
epaa-273	564	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	564	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	564	6	our	our	PRON
epaa-273	564	7	children	child	NOUN
epaa-273	564	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	565	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	565	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	565	3	no	no	DET
epaa-273	565	4	child	child	NOUN
epaa-273	565	5	left	leave	VERB
epaa-273	565	6	behind	behind	ADV
epaa-273	565	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	565	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	565	9	vital	vital	ADJ
epaa-273	565	10	role	role	NOUN
epaa-273	565	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	565	12	rural	rural	ADJ
epaa-273	565	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-273	565	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	566	1	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-273	566	2	national	national	ADJ
epaa-273	566	3	conference	conference	NOUN
epaa-273	566	4	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
epaa-273	566	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	566	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	566	7	american	american	PROPN
epaa-273	566	8	council	council	PROPN
epaa-273	566	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	566	10	rural	rural	ADJ
epaa-273	566	11	special	special	ADJ
epaa-273	566	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	566	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	566	14	acres	acre	NOUN
epaa-273	566	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	566	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	567	1	22nd	22nd	NOUN
epaa-273	567	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	567	3	reno	reno	PROPN
epaa-273	567	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	567	5	nv	nv	PROPN
epaa-273	567	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	567	7	march	march	PROPN
epaa-273	567	8	7	7	NUM
epaa-273	567	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	567	10	9	9	NUM
epaa-273	567	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	567	12	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	567	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	568	1	mcdonough	mcdonough	PROPN
epaa-273	568	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	568	3	matthew	matthew	PROPN
epaa-273	568	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	568	5	jr	jr	PROPN
epaa-273	568	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	568	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	568	8	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-273	568	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	568	10	w.c	w.c	PROPN
epaa-273	568	11	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	568	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	568	13	jr	jr	PROPN
epaa-273	568	14	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	568	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	568	16	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-273	568	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	568	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	569	1	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	569	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	569	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	569	4	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	569	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	569	6	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	569	7	considerations	consideration	NOUN
epaa-273	569	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	570	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	570	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-273	570	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	571	1	mcginty	mcginty	PROPN
epaa-273	571	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	571	3	dixie	dixie	PROPN
epaa-273	571	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	571	5	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-273	571	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	571	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	572	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	572	2	demise	demise	NOUN
epaa-273	572	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	572	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	572	5	georgia	georgia	PROPN
epaa-273	572	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	572	7	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	572	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	572	9	instrument	instrument	NOUN
epaa-273	572	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	572	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-273	572	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	572	13	the	the	DET
epaa-273	572	14	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-273	572	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	572	16	3(2	3(2	NUM
epaa-273	572	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	572	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	572	19	41	41	NUM
epaa-273	572	20	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	572	21	47	47	NUM
epaa-273	572	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	573	1	mehrens	mehrens	PROPN
epaa-273	573	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	573	3	william	william	PROPN
epaa-273	573	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-273	573	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	573	6	popham	popham	PROPN
epaa-273	573	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	573	8	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-273	573	9	james	james	PROPN
epaa-273	573	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	573	11	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-273	573	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	573	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	574	1	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	574	2	to	to	PART
epaa-273	574	3	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-273	574	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	574	5	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	574	6	defensibility	defensibility	NOUN
epaa-273	574	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	574	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-273	574	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	574	10	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-273	574	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	574	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	575	1	applied	apply	VERB
epaa-273	575	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	575	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	575	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	575	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	575	6	5(3	5(3	NUM
epaa-273	575	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	575	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	575	9	265	265	NUM
epaa-273	575	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	575	11	283	283	NUM
epaa-273	575	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	576	1	mellnick	mellnick	NOUN
epaa-273	576	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	576	3	susan	susan	PROPN
epaa-273	576	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	576	5	pullin	pullin	PROPN
epaa-273	576	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	576	7	diana	diana	PROPN
epaa-273	576	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	576	9	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	576	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	576	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	577	1	can	can	AUX
epaa-273	577	2	you	you	PRON
epaa-273	577	3	take	take	VERB
epaa-273	577	4	dictation	dictation	NOUN
epaa-273	577	5	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	578	1	prescribing	prescribe	VERB
epaa-273	578	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	578	3	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-273	578	4	through	through	ADP
epaa-273	578	5	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	578	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	579	1	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-273	579	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	579	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	579	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	579	5	51(4	51(4	NUM
epaa-273	579	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	579	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	579	8	262	262	NUM
epaa-273	579	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	579	10	275	275	NUM
epaa-273	579	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	580	1	national	national	PROPN
epaa-273	580	2	council	council	PROPN
epaa-273	580	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	580	4	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-273	580	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	580	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	580	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	580	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	580	9	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	580	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	580	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	581	1	porfessional	porfessional	ADJ
epaa-273	581	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	581	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	581	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	581	5	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-273	581	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	581	7	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-273	581	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	581	9	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-273	581	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	581	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	581	12	departments	department	NOUN
epaa-273	581	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	581	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	581	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	582	1	ncate	ncate	ADJ
epaa-273	582	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	582	3	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-273	582	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	582	5	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-273	582	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	582	7	moss	moss	PROPN
epaa-273	582	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	582	9	pamela	pamela	PROPN
epaa-273	582	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	582	11	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-273	582	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	582	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	583	1	rethinking	rethink	VERB
epaa-273	583	2	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-273	583	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	583	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	583	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	583	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	583	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-273	583	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	584	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	584	2	lyons	lyons	PROPN
epaa-273	584	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	584	4	n.	n.	NOUN
epaa-273	584	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	584	6	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-273	584	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	584	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	585	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	585	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-273	585	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	585	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	586	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-273	586	2	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-273	586	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	586	4	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-273	586	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	586	6	validating	validate	VERB
epaa-273	586	7	the	the	DET
epaa-273	586	8	new	new	ADJ
epaa-273	586	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	586	10	professionalism	professionalism	NOUN
epaa-273	586	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	587	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	587	2	college	college	PROPN
epaa-273	587	3	press	press	PROPN
epaa-273	587	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	587	5	new	new	PROPN
epaa-273	587	6	york	york	PROPN
epaa-273	587	7	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-273	587	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	587	9	nweke	nweke	PROPN
epaa-273	587	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	587	11	winifred	winifred	ADJ
epaa-273	587	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	587	13	nolan	nolan	PROPN
epaa-273	587	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	587	15	juanie	juanie	PROPN
epaa-273	587	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	587	17	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-273	587	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	587	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	588	1	diversity	diversity	NOUN
epaa-273	588	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	588	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	588	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	588	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	588	6	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	588	7	’s	’s	AUX
epaa-273	588	8	working	work	VERB
epaa-273	588	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	588	10	what	what	PRON
epaa-273	588	11	’s	’	VERB
epaa-273	588	12	not	not	PART
epaa-273	588	13	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-273	589	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-273	589	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-273	589	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	589	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	589	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-273	589	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-273	589	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	589	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	589	9	american	american	PROPN
epaa-273	589	10	association	association	PROPN
epaa-273	589	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	589	12	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-273	589	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	589	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	589	15	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	589	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	589	17	48th	48th	ADJ
epaa-273	589	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	589	19	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-273	589	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	589	21	il	il	PROPN
epaa-273	589	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	589	23	february	february	PROPN
epaa-273	589	24	21	21	NUM
epaa-273	589	25	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	589	26	24	24	NUM
epaa-273	589	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	589	28	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-273	589	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	590	1	pascoe	pascoe	PROPN
epaa-273	590	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	590	3	donna	donna	NOUN
epaa-273	590	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	590	5	halpin	halpin	NOUN
epaa-273	590	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	590	7	glennelle	glennelle	X
epaa-273	590	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	590	9	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	590	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	590	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	591	1	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	591	2	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	591	3	to	to	PART
epaa-273	591	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	591	5	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-273	591	6	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-273	591	7	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	591	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	591	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	591	10	initial	initial	ADJ
epaa-273	591	11	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-273	591	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	592	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-273	592	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-273	592	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	592	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	592	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-273	592	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-273	592	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	592	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	592	9	mid	mid	ADJ
epaa-273	592	10	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	592	11	south	south	ADJ
epaa-273	592	12	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	592	13	research	research	PROPN
epaa-273	592	14	association	association	PROPN
epaa-273	592	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	592	16	30th	30th	NOUN
epaa-273	592	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	592	18	little	little	ADJ
epaa-273	592	19	rock	rock	NOUN
epaa-273	592	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	592	21	ar	ar	PROPN
epaa-273	592	22	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	592	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	592	24	november	november	PROPN
epaa-273	592	25	13	13	NUM
epaa-273	592	26	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	592	27	16	16	NUM
epaa-273	592	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	592	29	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	592	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	592	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	593	1	pullin	pullin	PROPN
epaa-273	593	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	593	3	diana	diana	PROPN
epaa-273	593	4	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-273	593	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	593	6	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	593	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	593	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	594	1	key	key	ADJ
epaa-273	594	2	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-273	594	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	594	4	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-273	594	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	594	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-273	594	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	594	8	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-273	594	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	594	10	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-273	594	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	594	12	law	law	NOUN
epaa-273	594	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	594	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	594	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	594	16	30(3	30(3	NUM
epaa-273	594	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	594	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	594	19	july	july	PROPN
epaa-273	594	20	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-273	594	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	594	22	383	383	NUM
epaa-273	594	23	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	594	24	429	429	NUM
epaa-273	594	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	595	1	rebell	rebell	PROPN
epaa-273	595	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	595	3	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-273	595	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-273	595	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	595	6	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-273	595	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	595	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	596	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	596	2	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	596	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	596	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	596	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	596	6	changing	change	VERB
epaa-273	596	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	596	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	596	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	596	10	law	law	NOUN
epaa-273	596	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	596	12	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-273	596	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	596	14	personnel	personnel	NOUN
epaa-273	596	15	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	596	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	596	17	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	596	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	597	1	5:227	5:227	NUM
epaa-273	597	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	597	3	235	235	NUM
epaa-273	597	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	597	5	sandman	sandman	PROPN
epaa-273	597	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	597	7	warren	warren	PROPN
epaa-273	597	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	598	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	598	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-273	598	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	598	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	599	1	current	current	ADJ
epaa-273	599	2	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-273	599	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	599	4	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-273	599	5	freedom	freedom	NOUN
epaa-273	599	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	600	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-273	600	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-273	600	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	600	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	600	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-273	600	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-273	600	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	600	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	600	9	national	national	PROPN
epaa-273	600	10	communication	communication	PROPN
epaa-273	600	11	association	association	PROPN
epaa-273	600	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	601	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-273	601	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-273	601	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	602	1	salzman	salzman	PROPN
epaa-273	602	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	602	3	stephanie	stephanie	PROPN
epaa-273	602	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-273	602	5	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	602	6	denner	denner	PROPN
epaa-273	602	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	602	8	peter	peter	PROPN
epaa-273	602	9	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-273	602	10	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	602	11	harris	harris	PROPN
epaa-273	602	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	602	13	larry	larry	PROPN
epaa-273	602	14	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-273	602	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	602	16	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-273	602	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	602	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	603	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	603	2	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	603	3	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-273	603	4	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-273	603	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	603	6	special	special	ADJ
epaa-273	603	7	study	study	NOUN
epaa-273	603	8	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-273	603	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	604	1	american	american	PROPN
epaa-273	604	2	association	association	PROPN
epaa-273	604	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	604	4	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-273	604	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	604	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	604	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	604	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	604	9	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-273	604	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	604	11	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-273	604	12	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	604	13	sireci	sireci	PROPN
epaa-273	604	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	604	15	stephen	stephen	PROPN
epaa-273	604	16	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-273	604	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	604	18	green	green	PROPN
epaa-273	604	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	604	20	iii	iii	PROPN
epaa-273	604	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	604	22	preston	preston	PROPN
epaa-273	604	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	604	24	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-273	604	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	604	26	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	604	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	604	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	605	1	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-273	605	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	605	3	psychometric	psychometric	ADJ
epaa-273	605	4	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-273	605	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	605	6	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-273	605	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	605	8	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-273	605	9	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-273	605	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	605	11	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-273	605	12	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-273	605	13	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	605	14	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-273	605	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	605	16	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-273	605	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	606	1	19(1	19(1	NUM
epaa-273	606	2	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	606	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	606	4	22	22	NUM
epaa-273	606	5	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	606	6	24	24	NUM
epaa-273	606	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	606	8	28	28	NUM
epaa-273	606	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	606	10	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	606	11	stiggins	stiggin	NOUN
epaa-273	606	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	606	13	richard	richard	PROPN
epaa-273	606	14	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-273	606	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	606	16	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	606	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	606	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	607	1	specifications	specification	NOUN
epaa-273	607	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	607	3	a	a	DET
epaa-273	607	4	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	607	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	607	6	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	607	7	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	607	8	system	system	NOUN
epaa-273	607	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	607	10	ncate	ncate	ADJ
epaa-273	607	11	web	web	NOUN
epaa-273	607	12	site	site	NOUN
epaa-273	607	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	607	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	607	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	607	16	line	line	NOUN
epaa-273	607	17	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	607	18	http://www.ncate.org/resources/commissioned%20papers/stiggi	http://www.ncate.org/resources/commissioned%20papers/stiggi	PROPN
epaa-273	607	19	ns.pdf	ns.pdf	PROPN
epaa-273	607	20	wilkerson	wilkerson	PROPN
epaa-273	607	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	607	22	judy	judy	PROPN
epaa-273	607	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	607	24	lang	lang	PROPN
epaa-273	607	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	607	26	william	william	PROPN
epaa-273	607	27	steve	steve	PROPN
epaa-273	607	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	607	29	january	january	PROPN
epaa-273	607	30	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-273	607	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	607	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	608	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-273	608	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	608	3	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	608	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	608	5	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-273	608	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	608	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	608	8	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-273	608	9	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-273	608	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	1	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-273	609	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-273	609	3	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-273	609	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	609	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	609	6	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	609	7	department	department	PROPN
epaa-273	609	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	609	9	education	education	PROPN
epaa-273	609	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	11	tallahassee	tallahassee	PROPN
epaa-273	609	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	13	fl	fl	PROPN
epaa-273	609	14	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	609	15	wilkerson	wilkerson	PROPN
epaa-273	609	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	17	judy	judy	PROPN
epaa-273	609	18	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	19	lang	lang	PROPN
epaa-273	609	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	21	william	william	PROPN
epaa-273	609	22	steve	steve	PROPN
epaa-273	609	23	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	24	egley	egley	PROPN
epaa-273	609	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	26	robert	robert	PROPN
epaa-273	609	27	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	28	hewitt	hewitt	PROPN
epaa-273	609	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	30	margaret	margaret	PROPN
epaa-273	609	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	32	january	january	PROPN
epaa-273	609	33	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-273	609	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	609	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	610	1	designing	design	VERB
epaa-273	610	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	610	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	610	4	based	base	VERB
epaa-273	610	5	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-273	610	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	610	7	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-273	610	8	instruments	instrument	NOUN
epaa-273	610	9	to	to	PART
epaa-273	610	10	collect	collect	VERB
epaa-273	610	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	610	12	analyze	analyze	VERB
epaa-273	610	13	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-273	610	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	610	15	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-273	610	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	610	17	making	making	NOUN
epaa-273	610	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	611	1	workshop	workshop	NOUN
epaa-273	611	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-273	611	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	611	4	the	the	DET
epaa-273	611	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-273	611	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-273	611	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	611	8	the	the	DET
epaa-273	611	9	american	american	PROPN
epaa-273	611	10	association	association	PROPN
epaa-273	611	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	611	12	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-273	611	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	611	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	611	15	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	611	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	611	17	new	new	PROPN
epaa-273	611	18	orleans	orleans	PROPN
epaa-273	611	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	611	20	la	la	PROPN
epaa-273	611	21	..	..	PROPN
epaa-273	611	22	wilkerson	wilkerson	PROPN
epaa-273	611	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	611	24	judy	judy	PROPN
epaa-273	611	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	611	26	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	611	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	611	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	612	1	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	612	2	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-273	612	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	612	4	beginning	begin	VERB
epaa-273	612	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	612	6	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-273	612	7	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-273	612	8	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-273	612	9	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-273	612	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	612	11	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-273	612	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	612	13	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-273	612	14	to	to	PART
epaa-273	612	15	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-273	612	16	the	the	DET
epaa-273	612	17	challenge	challenge	NOUN
epaa-273	612	18	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	612	19	a	a	DET
epaa-273	612	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-273	612	21	’s	’s	PART
epaa-273	612	22	perspective	perspective	NOUN
epaa-273	612	23	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	612	24	program	program	NOUN
epaa-273	612	25	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-273	612	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	612	27	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	612	28	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	612	29	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-273	612	30	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-273	612	31	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-273	612	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	613	1	symposium	symposium	NOUN
epaa-273	613	2	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-273	613	3	presented	present	VERB
epaa-273	613	4	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	613	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	613	6	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-273	613	7	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-273	613	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	613	9	the	the	DET
epaa-273	613	10	american	american	PROPN
epaa-273	613	11	association	association	PROPN
epaa-273	613	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	613	13	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-273	613	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	613	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	613	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	613	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	613	18	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-273	613	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	613	20	il	il	PROPN
epaa-273	613	21	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	613	22	zirkel	zirkel	PROPN
epaa-273	613	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	613	24	perry	perry	PROPN
epaa-273	613	25	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-273	613	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	613	27	june	june	PROPN
epaa-273	613	28	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-273	613	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	613	30	tests	test	VERB
epaa-273	613	31	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	613	32	trial	trial	NOUN
epaa-273	613	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	613	34	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-273	613	35	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-273	613	36	kappan	kappan	NOUN
epaa-273	613	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	613	38	81(10	81(10	NUM
epaa-273	613	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	613	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	613	41	793	793	NUM
epaa-273	613	42	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	613	43	4	4	NUM
epaa-273	613	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	614	1	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	614	2	the	the	DET
epaa-273	614	3	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-273	614	4	judy	judy	PROPN
epaa-273	614	5	wilkerson	wilkerson	PROPN
epaa-273	614	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	614	7	william	william	PROPN
epaa-273	614	8	steve	steve	PROPN
epaa-273	614	9	lang	lang	PROPN
epaa-273	614	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	614	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	614	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	614	13	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-273	614	14	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	614	15	the	the	DET
epaa-273	614	16	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	614	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	614	18	south	south	PROPN
epaa-273	614	19	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	614	20	st	st	PROPN
epaa-273	614	21	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	614	22	petersburg	petersburg	PROPN
epaa-273	614	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	615	1	both	both	PRON
epaa-273	615	2	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-273	615	3	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-273	615	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-273	615	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	615	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	615	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-273	615	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	616	1	his	his	PRON
epaa-273	616	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-273	616	3	interests	interest	NOUN
epaa-273	616	4	include	include	VERB
epaa-273	616	5	the	the	DET
epaa-273	616	6	rasch	rasch	PROPN
epaa-273	616	7	model	model	NOUN
epaa-273	616	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	616	9	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-273	616	10	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-273	616	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	617	1	her	her	PRON
epaa-273	617	2	interests	interest	NOUN
epaa-273	617	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-273	617	4	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-273	617	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	617	6	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-273	617	7	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-273	617	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	618	1	email	email	NOUN
epaa-273	618	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	618	3	wilkerso@tempest.coedu.usf.edu	wilkerso@tempest.coedu.usf.edu	PROPN
epaa-273	618	4	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	618	5	wslang@tempest.coedu.usf.edu	wslang@tempest.coedu.usf.edu	VERB
epaa-273	618	6	the	the	DET
epaa-273	618	7	world	world	NOUN
epaa-273	618	8	wide	wide	ADJ
epaa-273	618	9	web	web	NOUN
epaa-273	618	10	address	address	NOUN
epaa-273	618	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	618	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	618	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	618	14	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-273	618	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-273	618	16	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-273	618	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	618	18	epaa.asu.edu	epaa.asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-273	618	19	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-273	618	20	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	618	21	gene	gene	NOUN
epaa-273	618	22	v	v	ADP
epaa-273	618	23	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-273	618	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	618	25	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	618	26	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	618	27	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	618	28	production	production	NOUN
epaa-273	618	29	assistant	assistant	NOUN
epaa-273	618	30	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	618	31	chris	chris	PROPN
epaa-273	618	32	murrell	murrell	PROPN
epaa-273	618	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	618	34	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	618	35	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	618	36	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	618	37	general	general	ADJ
epaa-273	618	38	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-273	618	39	about	about	ADP
epaa-273	618	40	appropriateness	appropriateness	NOUN
epaa-273	618	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	618	42	topics	topic	NOUN
epaa-273	618	43	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	618	44	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-273	618	45	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-273	618	46	may	may	AUX
epaa-273	618	47	be	be	AUX
epaa-273	618	48	addressed	address	VERB
epaa-273	618	49	to	to	ADP
epaa-273	618	50	the	the	DET
epaa-273	618	51	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-273	618	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	618	53	gene	gene	NOUN
epaa-273	618	54	v	v	NOUN
epaa-273	618	55	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-273	618	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	618	57	glass@asu.edu	glass@asu.edu	NOUN
epaa-273	618	58	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-273	618	59	reach	reach	VERB
epaa-273	618	60	him	he	PRON
epaa-273	618	61	at	at	ADP
epaa-273	618	62	college	college	NOUN
epaa-273	618	63	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	618	64	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	618	65	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	618	66	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	618	67	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	618	68	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	618	69	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	618	70	tempe	tempe	PROPN
epaa-273	618	71	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	618	72	az	az	PROPN
epaa-273	618	73	85287	85287	NUM
epaa-273	618	74	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	618	75	2411	2411	NUM
epaa-273	618	76	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	619	1	the	the	DET
epaa-273	619	2	commentary	commentary	NOUN
epaa-273	619	3	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-273	619	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	619	5	casey	casey	PROPN
epaa-273	619	6	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-273	619	7	cobb	cobb	PROPN
epaa-273	619	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	1	casey.cobb@unh.edu	casey.cobb@unh.edu	PROPN
epaa-273	620	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	3	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-273	620	4	editorial	editorial	PROPN
epaa-273	620	5	board	board	PROPN
epaa-273	620	6	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-273	620	7	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	8	apple	apple	PROPN
epaa-273	620	9	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	11	wisconsin	wisconsin	PROPN
epaa-273	620	12	david	david	PROPN
epaa-273	620	13	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	14	berliner	berliner	PROPN
epaa-273	620	15	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	620	16	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	620	17	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	18	greg	greg	PROPN
epaa-273	620	19	camilli	camilli	PROPN
epaa-273	620	20	rutgers	rutgers	PROPN
epaa-273	620	21	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	22	linda	linda	PROPN
epaa-273	620	23	darling	darling	PROPN
epaa-273	620	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	25	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-273	620	26	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-273	620	27	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	28	sherman	sherman	PROPN
epaa-273	620	29	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-273	620	30	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	32	south	south	PROPN
epaa-273	620	33	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-273	620	34	mark	mark	PROPN
epaa-273	620	35	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	36	fetler	fetler	PROPN
epaa-273	620	37	california	california	PROPN
epaa-273	620	38	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-273	620	39	on	on	ADP
epaa-273	620	40	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-273	620	41	credentialing	credentiale	VERB
epaa-273	620	42	gustavo	gustavo	PROPN
epaa-273	620	43	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	44	fischman	fischman	PROPN
epaa-273	620	45	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	620	46	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	620	47	univeristy	univeristy	PROPN
epaa-273	620	48	richard	richard	PROPN
epaa-273	620	49	garlikov	garlikov	PROPN
epaa-273	620	50	birmingham	birmingham	PROPN
epaa-273	620	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	52	alabama	alabama	PROPN
epaa-273	620	53	29	29	NUM
epaa-273	620	54	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	55	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	620	56	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-273	620	57	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	58	green	green	PROPN
epaa-273	620	59	syracuse	syracuse	PROPN
epaa-273	620	60	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	61	aimee	aimee	PROPN
epaa-273	620	62	howley	howley	PROPN
epaa-273	620	63	ohio	ohio	PROPN
epaa-273	620	64	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	65	craig	craig	PROPN
epaa-273	620	66	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	67	howley	howley	PROPN
epaa-273	620	68	appalachia	appalachia	PROPN
epaa-273	620	69	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-273	620	70	laboratory	laboratory	PROPN
epaa-273	620	71	william	william	PROPN
epaa-273	620	72	hunter	hunter	PROPN
epaa-273	620	73	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	74	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	75	ontario	ontario	PROPN
epaa-273	620	76	institute	institute	PROPN
epaa-273	620	77	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	78	technology	technology	PROPN
epaa-273	620	79	patricia	patricia	PROPN
epaa-273	620	80	fey	fey	PROPN
epaa-273	620	81	jarvis	jarvis	PROPN
epaa-273	620	82	seattle	seattle	PROPN
epaa-273	620	83	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	84	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-273	620	85	daniel	daniel	PROPN
epaa-273	620	86	kallós	kallós	PROPN
epaa-273	620	87	umeå	umeå	PROPN
epaa-273	620	88	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	89	benjamin	benjamin	PROPN
epaa-273	620	90	levin	levin	PROPN
epaa-273	620	91	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	92	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	93	manitoba	manitoba	PROPN
epaa-273	620	94	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-273	620	95	mauhs	mauhs	PROPN
epaa-273	620	96	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	97	pugh	pugh	PROPN
epaa-273	620	98	green	green	PROPN
epaa-273	620	99	mountain	mountain	PROPN
epaa-273	620	100	college	college	PROPN
epaa-273	620	101	les	les	PROPN
epaa-273	620	102	mclean	mclean	PROPN
epaa-273	620	103	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	104	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	105	toronto	toronto	PROPN
epaa-273	620	106	heinrich	heinrich	PROPN
epaa-273	620	107	mintrop	mintrop	PROPN
epaa-273	620	108	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	109	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	110	california	california	PROPN
epaa-273	620	111	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	112	los	los	PROPN
epaa-273	620	113	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-273	620	114	michele	michele	PROPN
epaa-273	620	115	moses	moses	PROPN
epaa-273	620	116	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	620	117	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	620	118	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	119	gary	gary	PROPN
epaa-273	620	120	orfield	orfield	PROPN
epaa-273	620	121	harvard	harvard	PROPN
epaa-273	620	122	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	123	anthony	anthony	PROPN
epaa-273	620	124	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	125	rud	rud	PROPN
epaa-273	620	126	jr	jr	PROPN
epaa-273	620	127	.	.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	128	purdue	purdue	PROPN
epaa-273	620	129	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	130	jay	jay	PROPN
epaa-273	620	131	paredes	paredes	PROPN
epaa-273	620	132	scribner	scribner	PROPN
epaa-273	620	133	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	134	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	135	missouri	missouri	PROPN
epaa-273	620	136	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-273	620	137	scriven	scriven	PROPN
epaa-273	620	138	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	139	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	140	auckland	auckland	PROPN
epaa-273	620	141	lorrie	lorrie	PROPN
epaa-273	620	142	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	143	shepard	shepard	PROPN
epaa-273	620	144	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	145	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	146	colorado	colorado	PROPN
epaa-273	620	147	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	148	boulder	boulder	PROPN
epaa-273	620	149	robert	robert	PROPN
epaa-273	620	150	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	151	stake	stake	PROPN
epaa-273	620	152	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	153	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	154	illinois	illinois	PROPN
epaa-273	620	155	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	156	uc	uc	PROPN
epaa-273	620	157	kevin	kevin	PROPN
epaa-273	620	158	welner	welner	PROPN
epaa-273	620	159	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	160	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	161	colorado	colorado	PROPN
epaa-273	620	162	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	163	boulder	boulder	PROPN
epaa-273	620	164	terrence	terrence	PROPN
epaa-273	620	165	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	166	wiley	wiley	PROPN
epaa-273	620	167	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	620	168	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	620	169	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	170	john	john	PROPN
epaa-273	620	171	willinsky	willinsky	PROPN
epaa-273	620	172	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	173	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	620	174	british	british	PROPN
epaa-273	620	175	columbia	columbia	PROPN
epaa-273	620	176	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-273	620	177	spanish	spanish	ADJ
epaa-273	620	178	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-273	620	179	portuguese	portuguese	ADJ
epaa-273	620	180	language	language	NOUN
epaa-273	620	181	editorial	editorial	NOUN
epaa-273	620	182	board	board	NOUN
epaa-273	620	183	associate	associate	NOUN
epaa-273	620	184	editors	editor	NOUN
epaa-273	620	185	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	620	186	spanish	spanish	ADJ
epaa-273	620	187	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-273	620	188	portuguese	portuguese	PROPN
epaa-273	620	189	gustavo	gustavo	PROPN
epaa-273	620	190	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-273	620	191	fischman	fischman	PROPN
epaa-273	620	192	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	620	193	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	620	194	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	620	195	fischman@asu.edu	fischman@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-273	620	196	pablo	pablo	PROPN
epaa-273	620	197	gentili	gentili	PROPN
epaa-273	620	198	laboratório	laboratório	PROPN
epaa-273	620	199	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	620	200	políticas	políticas	PROPN
epaa-273	620	201	públicas	públicas	PROPN
epaa-273	620	202	universidade	universidade	PROPN
epaa-273	620	203	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	620	204	estado	estado	PROPN
epaa-273	620	205	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	620	206	rio	rio	PROPN
epaa-273	620	207	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	620	208	janeiro	janeiro	PROPN
epaa-273	620	209	pablo@lpp-uerj.net	pablo@lpp-uerj.net	PROPN
epaa-273	620	210	founding	found	VERB
epaa-273	620	211	associate	associate	ADJ
epaa-273	620	212	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-273	620	213	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	620	214	spanish	spanish	ADJ
epaa-273	620	215	language	language	NOUN
epaa-273	620	216	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	217	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-273	620	218	-	-	SYM
epaa-273	620	219	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-273	620	220	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	221	roberto	roberto	PROPN
epaa-273	620	222	rodríguez	rodríguez	PROPN
epaa-273	620	223	gómez	gómez	PROPN
epaa-273	620	224	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-273	620	225	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-273	620	226	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-273	620	227	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	620	228	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-273	620	229	adrián	adrián	PROPN
epaa-273	620	230	acosta	acosta	PROPN
epaa-273	620	231	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	232	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-273	620	233	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	620	234	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-273	620	235	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	620	236	guadalajara	guadalajara	PROPN
epaa-273	620	237	adrianacosta@compuserve.com	adrianacosta@compuserve.com	X
epaa-273	621	1	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-273	621	2	félix	félix	PROPN
epaa-273	621	3	angulo	angulo	PROPN
epaa-273	621	4	rasco	rasco	PROPN
epaa-273	621	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	621	6	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-273	621	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	621	8	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-273	621	9	de	de	X
epaa-273	621	10	cádiz	cádiz	PROPN
epaa-273	621	11	felix.angulo@uca.es	felix.angulo@uca.es	PROPN
epaa-273	621	12	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	621	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	621	14	30	30	NUM
epaa-273	621	15	teresa	teresa	PROPN
epaa-273	621	16	bracho	bracho	PROPN
epaa-273	621	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	621	18	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-273	621	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	621	20	centro	centro	PROPN
epaa-273	621	21	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	621	22	investigación	investigación	PROPN
epaa-273	621	23	y	y	PROPN
epaa-273	621	24	docencia	docencia	PROPN
epaa-273	621	25	económica	económica	PROPN
epaa-273	621	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	621	27	cide	cide	NOUN
epaa-273	621	28	bracho	bracho	NOUN
epaa-273	621	29	dis1.cide.mx	dis1.cide.mx	PROPN
epaa-273	621	30	alejandro	alejandro	PROPN
epaa-273	621	31	canales	canales	PROPN
epaa-273	621	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	621	33	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-273	621	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	621	35	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-273	621	36	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-273	622	1	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-273	622	2	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	622	3	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-273	622	4	canalesa@servidor.unam.mx	canalesa@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-273	622	5	ursula	ursula	PROPN
epaa-273	622	6	casanova	casanova	PROPN
epaa-273	622	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	622	8	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-273	622	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	622	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	623	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	623	2	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	623	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	623	4	casanova@asu.edu	casanova@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-273	623	5	josé	josé	PROPN
epaa-273	623	6	contreras	contreras	PROPN
epaa-273	623	7	domingo	domingo	PROPN
epaa-273	623	8	universitat	universitat	PROPN
epaa-273	623	9	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	623	10	barcelona	barcelona	PROPN
epaa-273	623	11	jose.contreras@doe.d5.ub.es	jose.contreras@doe.d5.ub.es	PROPN
epaa-273	623	12	erwin	erwin	PROPN
epaa-273	623	13	epstein	epstein	PROPN
epaa-273	623	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	623	15	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-273	623	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	623	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	624	1	loyola	loyola	PROPN
epaa-273	624	2	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	624	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	624	4	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-273	624	5	eepstein@luc.edu	eepstein@luc.edu	PROPN
epaa-273	625	1	josué	josué	PROPN
epaa-273	625	2	gonzález	gonzález	PROPN
epaa-273	625	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	625	4	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-273	625	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	625	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	626	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	626	2	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	626	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	626	4	josue@asu.edu	josue@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-273	626	5	rollin	rollin	PROPN
epaa-273	626	6	kent	kent	PROPN
epaa-273	626	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	626	8	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-273	626	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	626	10	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-273	626	11	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-273	626	12	de	de	X
epaa-273	626	13	puebla	puebla	PROPN
epaa-273	626	14	rkent@puebla.megared.net.mx	rkent@puebla.megared.net.mx	ADP
epaa-273	626	15	maría	maría	PROPN
epaa-273	626	16	beatriz	beatriz	PROPN
epaa-273	626	17	luce(brazil	luce(brazil	PROPN
epaa-273	626	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	1	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-273	627	2	federal	federal	PROPN
epaa-273	627	3	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	627	4	rio	rio	PROPN
epaa-273	627	5	grande	grande	PROPN
epaa-273	627	6	do	do	AUX
epaa-273	627	7	sul	sul	ADJ
epaa-273	627	8	-	-	ADJ
epaa-273	627	9	ufrgs	ufrgs	ADJ
epaa-273	627	10	lucemb@orion.ufrgs.br	lucemb@orion.ufrgs.br	PROPN
epaa-273	627	11	javier	javier	PROPN
epaa-273	627	12	mendoza	mendoza	PROPN
epaa-273	627	13	rojas	rojas	PROPN
epaa-273	627	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	15	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-273	627	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	17	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-273	627	18	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-273	627	19	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-273	627	20	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	627	21	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-273	627	22	javiermr@servidor.unam.mx	javiermr@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-273	627	23	marcela	marcela	PROPN
epaa-273	627	24	mollis	mollis	PROPN
epaa-273	627	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	26	argentina	argentina	PROPN
epaa-273	627	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	28	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-273	627	29	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	627	30	buenos	buenos	PROPN
epaa-273	627	31	aires	aires	PROPN
epaa-273	627	32	mmollis@filo.uba.ar	mmollis@filo.uba.ar	PROPN
epaa-273	627	33	humberto	humberto	PROPN
epaa-273	627	34	muñoz	muñoz	PROPN
epaa-273	627	35	garcía	garcía	PROPN
epaa-273	627	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	37	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-273	627	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	39	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-273	627	40	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-273	627	41	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-273	627	42	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	627	43	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-273	627	44	humberto@servidor.unam.mx	humberto@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-273	627	45	angel	angel	NOUN
epaa-273	627	46	ignacio	ignacio	PROPN
epaa-273	627	47	pérez	pérez	PROPN
epaa-273	627	48	gómez	gómez	PROPN
epaa-273	627	49	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	50	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-273	627	51	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	52	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-273	627	53	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	627	54	málaga	málaga	PROPN
epaa-273	627	55	aiperez@uma.es	aiperez@uma.es	PROPN
epaa-273	627	56	daniel	daniel	PROPN
epaa-273	627	57	schugurensky(argentina	schugurensky(argentina	PROPN
epaa-273	627	58	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	59	canadá	canadá	NOUN
epaa-273	627	60	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	61	oise	oise	PROPN
epaa-273	627	62	/	/	SYM
epaa-273	627	63	ut	ut	PROPN
epaa-273	627	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	65	canada	canada	PROPN
epaa-273	627	66	dschugurensky@oise.utoronto.ca	dschugurensky@oise.utoronto.ca	PROPN
epaa-273	627	67	simon	simon	PROPN
epaa-273	627	68	schwartzman	schwartzman	PROPN
epaa-273	627	69	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	70	brazil	brazil	PROPN
epaa-273	627	71	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	72	american	american	PROPN
epaa-273	627	73	institutes	institutes	PROPN
epaa-273	627	74	for	for	ADP
epaa-273	627	75	resesarch	resesarch	PROPN
epaa-273	627	76	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	77	brazil	brazil	PROPN
epaa-273	627	78	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	79	airbrasil	airbrasil	PROPN
epaa-273	627	80	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	81	simon@sman.com.br	simon@sman.com.br	PROPN
epaa-273	627	82	jurjo	jurjo	PROPN
epaa-273	627	83	torres	torre	VERB
epaa-273	627	84	santomé	santomé	NOUN
epaa-273	627	85	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	86	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-273	627	87	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	627	88	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-273	628	1	de	de	PROPN
epaa-273	628	2	a	a	DET
epaa-273	628	3	coruña	coruña	NOUN
epaa-273	628	4	jurjo@udc.es	jurjo@udc.es	PROPN
epaa-273	628	5	carlos	carlos	PROPN
epaa-273	628	6	alberto	alberto	PROPN
epaa-273	628	7	torres	torres	PROPN
epaa-273	628	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-273	628	9	u.s.a	u.s.a	NOUN
epaa-273	628	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-273	628	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-273	629	1	university	university	PROPN
epaa-273	629	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-273	629	3	california	california	PROPN
epaa-273	629	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	629	5	los	los	PROPN
epaa-273	629	6	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-273	629	7	torres@gseisucla.edu	torres@gseisucla.edu	PROPN
epaa-273	629	8	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-273	629	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-273	629	10	published	publish	VERB
epaa-273	629	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-273	629	12	the	the	DET
epaa-273	629	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-273	629	14	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-273	629	15	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-273	629	16	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
epaa-273	629	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-273	629	18	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-273	629	19	state	state	PROPN
epaa-273	629	20	university	university	PROPN