id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
epaa-281	1	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-281	1	2	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-281	1	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	2	1	10	10	NUM
epaa-281	2	2	no	no	NOUN
epaa-281	2	3	.	.	NOUN
epaa-281	2	4	2	2	NUM
epaa-281	2	5	cimbricz	cimbricz	NOUN
epaa-281	2	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	2	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	2	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	2	9	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	2	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	2	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	2	12	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	2	13	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-281	2	14	1	1	NUM
epaa-281	2	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	2	16	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	2	17	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	2	18	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	2	19	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	2	20	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-281	2	21	volume	volume	VERB
epaa-281	2	22	10	10	NUM
epaa-281	2	23	number	number	NOUN
epaa-281	2	24	2	2	NUM
epaa-281	2	25	january	january	NOUN
epaa-281	2	26	9	9	NUM
epaa-281	2	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	2	28	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-281	2	29	issn	issn	PROPN
epaa-281	2	30	1068	1068	NUM
epaa-281	2	31	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	2	32	2341	2341	NUM
epaa-281	2	33	a	a	DET
epaa-281	2	34	peer	peer	NOUN
epaa-281	2	35	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	2	36	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-281	2	37	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
epaa-281	2	38	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-281	2	39	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-281	2	40	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	2	41	gene	gene	NOUN
epaa-281	2	42	v	v	ADP
epaa-281	2	43	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-281	2	44	college	college	NOUN
epaa-281	2	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	2	46	education	education	PROPN
epaa-281	2	47	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-281	2	48	state	state	PROPN
epaa-281	2	49	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	2	50	copyright	copyright	NOUN
epaa-281	2	51	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-281	2	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	2	53	the	the	DET
epaa-281	2	54	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	2	55	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	2	56	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	2	57	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-281	2	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	3	1	permission	permission	NOUN
epaa-281	3	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	3	3	hereby	hereby	ADV
epaa-281	3	4	granted	grant	VERB
epaa-281	3	5	to	to	PART
epaa-281	3	6	copy	copy	VERB
epaa-281	3	7	any	any	DET
epaa-281	3	8	article	article	NOUN
epaa-281	3	9	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	3	10	epaa	epaa	NOUN
epaa-281	3	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	3	12	credited	credit	VERB
epaa-281	3	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	3	14	copies	copy	NOUN
epaa-281	3	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	3	16	not	not	PART
epaa-281	3	17	sold	sell	VERB
epaa-281	3	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	4	1	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-281	4	2	appearing	appear	VERB
epaa-281	4	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	4	4	epaa	epaa	NOUN
epaa-281	4	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	4	6	abstracted	abstract	VERB
epaa-281	4	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	4	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	4	9	current	current	ADJ
epaa-281	4	10	index	index	NOUN
epaa-281	4	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	4	12	journals	journal	NOUN
epaa-281	4	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	4	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	4	15	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	4	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	4	17	eric	eric	PROPN
epaa-281	4	18	clearinghouse	clearinghouse	PROPN
epaa-281	4	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	4	20	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	4	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	4	22	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-281	4	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	4	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	4	25	permanently	permanently	ADV
epaa-281	4	26	archived	archive	VERB
epaa-281	4	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	4	28	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-281	4	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	4	30	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	4	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	5	1	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	5	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	5	3	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	5	4	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	5	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	5	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	5	7	'	'	PART
epaa-281	5	8	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	5	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	5	10	practice	practice	VERB
epaa-281	5	11	sandra	sandra	PROPN
epaa-281	5	12	cimbricz	cimbricz	PROPN
epaa-281	5	13	canisius	canisius	PROPN
epaa-281	5	14	college	college	NOUN
epaa-281	5	15	citation	citation	NOUN
epaa-281	5	16	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	5	17	cimbricz	cimbricz	PROPN
epaa-281	5	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	5	19	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	5	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	5	21	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-281	5	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	5	23	january	january	PROPN
epaa-281	5	24	9	9	NUM
epaa-281	5	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	5	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	6	1	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	6	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	6	3	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	6	4	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	6	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	6	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	6	7	'	'	PART
epaa-281	6	8	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	6	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	6	10	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	6	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	7	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	7	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	7	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	7	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-281	7	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	7	6	10(2	10(2	NUM
epaa-281	7	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	7	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	8	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-281	8	2	[	[	PUNCT
epaa-281	8	3	date	date	NOUN
epaa-281	8	4	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-281	8	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	8	6	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n2.html	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n2.html	PROPN
epaa-281	8	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	9	1	abstract	abstract	ADJ
epaa-281	9	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	9	3	this	this	DET
epaa-281	9	4	article	article	NOUN
epaa-281	9	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	9	6	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	9	7	examine	examine	VERB
epaa-281	9	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	9	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	9	10	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	9	11	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	9	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	9	13	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	9	14	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	9	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	9	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	9	17	'	'	PART
epaa-281	9	18	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	9	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	9	20	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	9	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	10	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	10	2	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	10	3	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-281	10	4	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	10	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	10	6	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	10	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	10	8	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	10	9	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	10	10	matter	matter	ADV
epaa-281	10	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	10	12	influencing	influence	VERB
epaa-281	10	13	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	10	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	10	15	say	say	VERB
epaa-281	10	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	10	17	do	do	VERB
epaa-281	10	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	10	19	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	10	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	10	21	too	too	ADV
epaa-281	10	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	10	23	do	do	VERB
epaa-281	10	24	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	10	25	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-281	10	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	10	27	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	10	28	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	10	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	10	30	'	'	PART
epaa-281	10	31	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-281	10	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	10	33	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-281	10	34	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-281	10	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	10	36	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	10	37	approaches	approach	NOUN
epaa-281	10	38	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	10	39	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	10	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	10	41	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	10	42	views	view	NOUN
epaa-281	10	43	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	10	44	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	10	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	10	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	10	47	the	the	DET
epaa-281	10	48	amalgam	amalgam	NOUN
epaa-281	10	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	10	50	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-281	10	51	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	10	52	status	status	NOUN
epaa-281	10	53	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	10	54	possess	possess	VERB
epaa-281	10	55	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	10	56	the	the	DET
epaa-281	10	57	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	10	58	organization	organization	NOUN
epaa-281	10	59	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	11	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	11	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	11	3	result	result	NOUN
epaa-281	11	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	11	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	11	6	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	11	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	11	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	11	9	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	11	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	11	11	has	have	AUX
epaa-281	11	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	11	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	11	14	not	not	PART
epaa-281	11	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	11	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	11	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	11	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	11	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	11	20	would	would	AUX
epaa-281	11	21	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-281	11	22	to	to	PART
epaa-281	11	23	depend	depend	VERB
epaa-281	11	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	11	25	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	11	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	11	27	interpret	interpret	VERB
epaa-281	11	28	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	11	29	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	11	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	11	31	use	use	VERB
epaa-281	11	32	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	11	33	to	to	PART
epaa-281	11	34	guide	guide	VERB
epaa-281	11	35	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	11	36	actions	action	NOUN
epaa-281	11	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	12	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
epaa-281	12	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	12	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	12	4	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	12	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	12	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	12	7	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	12	8	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	12	9	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	12	10	not	not	PART
epaa-281	12	11	have	have	VERB
epaa-281	12	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	12	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	12	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	12	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	12	16	expands	expand	VERB
epaa-281	12	17	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-281	12	18	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-281	12	19	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	12	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	12	21	actions	action	NOUN
epaa-281	12	22	to	to	PART
epaa-281	12	23	include	include	VERB
epaa-281	12	24	the	the	DET
epaa-281	12	25	network	network	NOUN
epaa-281	12	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	12	27	constructed	construct	VERB
epaa-281	12	28	meanings	meaning	NOUN
epaa-281	12	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	12	30	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-281	12	31	extant	extant	ADJ
epaa-281	12	32	within	within	ADP
epaa-281	12	33	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-281	12	34	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	12	35	contexts	contexts	NOUN
epaa-281	12	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	13	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
epaa-281	13	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	13	3	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-281	13	4	a	a	DET
epaa-281	13	5	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	13	6	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	13	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	13	8	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	13	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	13	10	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	13	11	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	13	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	13	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	13	14	'	'	PART
epaa-281	13	15	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	13	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	13	17	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	13	18	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	13	19	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-281	13	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	13	21	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	13	22	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	13	23	not	not	PART
epaa-281	13	24	2	2	NUM
epaa-281	13	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	13	26	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	13	27	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-281	13	28	to	to	PART
epaa-281	13	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	13	30	an	an	DET
epaa-281	13	31	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
epaa-281	13	32	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	13	33	a	a	DET
epaa-281	13	34	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-281	13	35	lever	lever	NOUN
epaa-281	13	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	13	37	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	13	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	14	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-281	14	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-281	14	3	further	further	ADJ
epaa-281	14	4	suggestion	suggestion	NOUN
epaa-281	14	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	14	6	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	14	7	might	might	AUX
epaa-281	14	8	not	not	PART
epaa-281	14	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	14	10	a	a	DET
epaa-281	14	11	substantive	substantive	ADJ
epaa-281	14	12	one	one	NOUN
epaa-281	14	13	either	either	ADV
epaa-281	14	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	15	1	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	15	2	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	15	3	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-281	15	4	a	a	DET
epaa-281	15	5	richer	rich	ADJ
epaa-281	15	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	15	7	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	15	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	15	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	15	10	depth	depth	NOUN
epaa-281	15	11	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	15	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	15	13	the	the	DET
epaa-281	15	14	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	15	15	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	15	16	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	15	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	15	18	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	15	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	15	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	15	21	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	15	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	15	23	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-281	15	24	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	15	25	settings	setting	NOUN
epaa-281	15	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	15	27	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-281	15	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	15	29	not	not	PART
epaa-281	15	30	only	only	ADV
epaa-281	15	31	point	point	NOUN
epaa-281	15	32	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-281	15	33	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	15	34	directions	direction	NOUN
epaa-281	15	35	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	15	36	future	future	ADJ
epaa-281	15	37	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	15	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	15	39	this	this	DET
epaa-281	15	40	area	area	NOUN
epaa-281	15	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	15	42	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	15	43	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	15	44	greatly	greatly	ADV
epaa-281	15	45	needed	need	VERB
epaa-281	15	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	16	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
epaa-281	16	2	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	16	3	part	part	NOUN
epaa-281	16	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	16	5	a	a	DET
epaa-281	16	6	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-281	16	7	movement	movement	NOUN
epaa-281	16	8	to	to	PART
epaa-281	16	9	raise	raise	VERB
epaa-281	16	10	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-281	16	11	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-281	16	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	16	13	all	all	DET
epaa-281	16	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	16	15	attending	attend	VERB
epaa-281	16	16	public	public	ADJ
epaa-281	16	17	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	16	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	16	19	the	the	DET
epaa-281	16	20	united	united	PROPN
epaa-281	16	21	states	states	PROPN
epaa-281	16	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	16	23	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	16	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	16	25	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	16	26	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	16	27	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	16	28	reportedly	reportedly	ADV
epaa-281	16	29	tied	tie	VERB
epaa-281	16	30	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	16	31	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	16	32	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	16	33	revised	revise	VERB
epaa-281	16	34	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	16	35	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	16	36	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	16	37	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	16	38	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-281	16	39	being	be	AUX
epaa-281	16	40	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-281	16	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	16	42	used	use	VERB
epaa-281	16	43	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	16	44	a	a	DET
epaa-281	16	45	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-281	16	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	16	47	states	state	NOUN
epaa-281	16	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	17	1	over	over	ADP
epaa-281	17	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	17	3	past	past	ADJ
epaa-281	17	4	decade	decade	NOUN
epaa-281	17	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	17	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	17	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	17	8	48	48	NUM
epaa-281	17	9	states	state	NOUN
epaa-281	17	10	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	17	11	have	have	VERB
epaa-281	17	12	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-281	17	13	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	17	14	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	17	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	17	16	almost	almost	ADV
epaa-281	17	17	all	all	PRON
epaa-281	17	18	report	report	NOUN
epaa-281	17	19	having	having	AUX
epaa-281	17	20	revamped	revamp	VERB
epaa-281	17	21	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	17	22	being	be	AUX
epaa-281	17	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	17	24	the	the	DET
epaa-281	17	25	process	process	NOUN
epaa-281	17	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	17	27	revamping	revamp	VERB
epaa-281	17	28	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	17	29	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	17	30	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	17	31	to	to	PART
epaa-281	17	32	align	align	VERB
epaa-281	17	33	them	they	PRON
epaa-281	17	34	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	17	35	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-281	17	36	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	17	37	some	some	PRON
epaa-281	17	38	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	17	39	all	all	PRON
epaa-281	17	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	17	41	the	the	DET
epaa-281	17	42	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-281	17	43	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	17	44	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	17	45	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	17	46	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-281	17	47	counts	count	NOUN
epaa-281	17	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	17	49	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	17	50	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	17	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	18	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	18	2	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	18	3	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-281	18	4	underlying	underlie	VERB
epaa-281	18	5	some	some	PRON
epaa-281	18	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	18	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	18	8	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-281	18	9	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	18	10	made	make	VERB
epaa-281	18	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	18	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	18	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	18	14	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	18	15	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	18	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	18	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	18	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	18	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	18	20	drives	drive	VERB
epaa-281	18	21	much	much	ADJ
epaa-281	18	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	18	23	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	18	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	18	25	do	do	AUX
epaa-281	18	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	18	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	18	28	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	18	29	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-281	18	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	18	31	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	18	32	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	18	33	will	will	AUX
epaa-281	18	34	occur	occur	VERB
epaa-281	18	35	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	18	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	18	37	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-281	18	38	the	the	DET
epaa-281	18	39	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	18	40	change	change	VERB
epaa-281	18	41	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	18	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	18	43	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	18	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	18	45	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	18	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	18	47	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	18	48	2	2	NUM
epaa-281	18	49	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	18	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	19	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	19	2	true	true	ADJ
epaa-281	19	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	19	4	this	this	DET
epaa-281	19	5	statement	statement	NOUN
epaa-281	19	6	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	19	7	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	19	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	19	9	makers	maker	NOUN
epaa-281	19	10	sense	sense	VERB
epaa-281	19	11	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	19	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	19	13	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-281	19	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	19	15	big	big	ADJ
epaa-281	19	16	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-281	19	17	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	19	18	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	19	19	a	a	DET
epaa-281	19	20	modicum	modicum	NOUN
epaa-281	19	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	19	22	effort	effort	NOUN
epaa-281	19	23	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	19	24	change	change	VERB
epaa-281	19	25	the	the	DET
epaa-281	19	26	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	19	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	19	28	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	19	29	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	19	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	19	31	'	'	PART
epaa-281	19	32	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	19	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	19	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	19	35	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	19	36	2	2	NUM
epaa-281	19	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	19	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	1	a	a	DET
epaa-281	20	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-281	20	3	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-281	20	4	underlying	underlie	VERB
epaa-281	20	5	some	some	PRON
epaa-281	20	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	20	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	20	8	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-281	20	9	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	20	10	made	make	VERB
epaa-281	20	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	20	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	20	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	14	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	20	15	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	20	16	involves	involve	VERB
epaa-281	20	17	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-281	20	18	the	the	DET
epaa-281	20	19	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	20	power	power	NOUN
epaa-281	20	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	22	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	20	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	24	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	20	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	20	27	these	these	DET
epaa-281	20	28	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	20	29	through	through	ADP
epaa-281	20	30	the	the	DET
epaa-281	20	31	use	use	NOUN
epaa-281	20	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	20	33	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-281	20	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	20	35	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
epaa-281	20	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	37	schwille	schwille	NOUN
epaa-281	20	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	39	porter	porter	NOUN
epaa-281	20	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	41	belli	belli	PROPN
epaa-281	20	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	43	floden	floden	ADJ
epaa-281	20	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	45	freeman	freeman	PROPN
epaa-281	20	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	47	knappen	knappen	PROPN
epaa-281	20	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	49	kuhs	kuhs	PROPN
epaa-281	20	50	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	20	51	schmidt	schmidt	PROPN
epaa-281	20	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	53	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-281	20	54	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	20	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	1	according	accord	VERB
epaa-281	21	2	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	21	3	heubert	heubert	NOUN
epaa-281	21	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	21	5	hauser	hauser	PROPN
epaa-281	21	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	7	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-281	21	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	11	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	21	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	21	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	15	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	21	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	17	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	21	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	19	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	21	20	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-281	21	21	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	21	22	fundamentally	fundamentally	ADV
epaa-281	21	23	different	different	ADJ
epaa-281	21	24	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-281	21	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	21	26	using	use	VERB
epaa-281	21	27	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	21	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	21	29	the	the	DET
epaa-281	21	30	service	service	NOUN
epaa-281	21	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	21	32	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	21	33	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	21	34	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-281	21	35	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	36	a	a	DET
epaa-281	21	37	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	21	38	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	39	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	21	40	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	21	41	has	have	VERB
epaa-281	21	42	no	no	DET
epaa-281	21	43	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-281	21	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	45	tangible	tangible	ADJ
epaa-281	21	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	47	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	21	48	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-281	21	49	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	21	50	attached	attach	VERB
epaa-281	21	51	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	21	52	the	the	DET
epaa-281	21	53	results	result	NOUN
epaa-281	21	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	21	55	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	21	56	information	information	NOUN
epaa-281	21	57	alone	alone	ADV
epaa-281	21	58	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-281	21	59	to	to	PART
epaa-281	21	60	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	21	61	a	a	DET
epaa-281	21	62	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-281	21	63	incentive	incentive	NOUN
epaa-281	21	64	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-281	21	65	people	people	NOUN
epaa-281	21	66	to	to	PART
epaa-281	21	67	act	act	VERB
epaa-281	21	68	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	22	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	22	2	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-281	22	3	behind	behind	ADP
epaa-281	22	4	this	this	DET
epaa-281	22	5	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	22	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	22	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	22	8	a	a	DET
epaa-281	22	9	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-281	22	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	22	11	can	can	AUX
epaa-281	22	12	reliably	reliably	ADV
epaa-281	22	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	22	14	validly	validly	ADV
epaa-281	22	15	measure	measure	VERB
epaa-281	22	16	student	student	NOUN
epaa-281	22	17	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-281	22	18	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	22	19	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	22	20	politicians	politician	NOUN
epaa-281	22	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	22	22	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	22	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	22	24	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-281	22	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	22	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	22	27	the	the	DET
epaa-281	22	28	public	public	NOUN
epaa-281	22	29	will	will	AUX
epaa-281	22	30	then	then	ADV
epaa-281	22	31	act	act	VERB
epaa-281	22	32	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	22	33	the	the	DET
epaa-281	22	34	information	information	NOUN
epaa-281	22	35	generated	generate	VERB
epaa-281	22	36	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	22	37	the	the	DET
epaa-281	22	38	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	22	39	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	22	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	22	41	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	22	42	actions	action	NOUN
epaa-281	22	43	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	22	44	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	22	45	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	22	46	results	result	NOUN
epaa-281	22	47	will	will	AUX
epaa-281	22	48	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-281	22	49	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	22	50	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-281	22	51	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	22	52	student	student	NOUN
epaa-281	22	53	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-281	22	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	23	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	23	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
epaa-281	23	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	23	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	23	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	23	6	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	23	7	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	23	8	assume	assume	VERB
epaa-281	23	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	23	10	information	information	NOUN
epaa-281	23	11	alone	alone	ADV
epaa-281	23	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	23	13	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
epaa-281	23	14	to	to	PART
epaa-281	23	15	motivate	motivate	VERB
epaa-281	23	16	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	23	17	to	to	PART
epaa-281	23	18	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	23	19	well	well	ADV
epaa-281	23	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	23	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	23	22	to	to	PART
epaa-281	23	23	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-281	23	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	23	25	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	23	26	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	23	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	24	1	hence	hence	ADV
epaa-281	24	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	24	3	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	24	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	24	5	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-281	24	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	24	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	24	8	promise	promise	NOUN
epaa-281	24	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	24	10	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-281	24	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	24	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	24	13	threat	threat	NOUN
epaa-281	24	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	24	15	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
epaa-281	24	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	24	17	needed	need	VERB
epaa-281	24	18	to	to	PART
epaa-281	24	19	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-281	24	20	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	24	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	25	1	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-281	25	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	25	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	25	4	form	form	NOUN
epaa-281	25	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	25	6	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-281	25	7	bonuses	bonus	NOUN
epaa-281	25	8	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	25	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	25	10	allocated	allocate	VERB
epaa-281	25	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	25	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	25	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	25	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	25	15	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	25	16	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
epaa-281	25	17	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	25	18	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	25	19	imposed	impose	VERB
epaa-281	25	20	through	through	ADP
epaa-281	25	21	external	external	ADJ
epaa-281	25	22	oversight	oversight	NOUN
epaa-281	25	23	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	25	24	takeover	takeover	NOUN
epaa-281	25	25	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	25	26	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-281	25	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	25	28	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	25	29	authorities	authority	NOUN
epaa-281	25	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	26	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	26	2	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-281	26	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	27	1	35	35	NUM
epaa-281	27	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	27	3	36	36	NUM
epaa-281	27	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	27	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	27	6	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
epaa-281	27	7	have	have	AUX
epaa-281	27	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	27	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	27	10	the	the	DET
epaa-281	27	11	past	past	NOUN
epaa-281	27	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	27	13	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-281	27	14	relied	rely	VERB
epaa-281	27	15	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-281	27	16	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	27	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	27	18	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	27	19	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	27	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	27	21	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	27	22	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	27	23	to	to	PART
epaa-281	27	24	address	address	VERB
epaa-281	27	25	a	a	DET
epaa-281	27	26	number	number	NOUN
epaa-281	27	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	27	28	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-281	27	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	28	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	28	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	28	3	profile	profile	NOUN
epaa-281	28	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	28	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	28	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	28	7	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	28	8	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	28	9	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	28	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	28	11	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	28	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	28	13	93	93	NUM
epaa-281	28	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	28	15	barton	barton	PROPN
epaa-281	28	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	28	17	coley	coley	NOUN
epaa-281	28	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	28	19	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-281	28	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	28	21	report	report	NOUN
epaa-281	28	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	28	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	28	24	most	most	ADV
epaa-281	28	25	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
epaa-281	28	26	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-281	28	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	28	28	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	28	29	3	3	NUM
epaa-281	28	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	28	31	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	28	32	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	28	33	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	28	34	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-281	28	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	28	36	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	28	37	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-281	28	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	28	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	28	40	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	28	41	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-281	28	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	29	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	29	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	29	3	arrival	arrival	NOUN
epaa-281	29	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	29	5	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	29	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	29	7	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	29	8	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	29	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	29	10	the	the	DET
epaa-281	29	11	explicit	explicit	ADJ
epaa-281	29	12	setting	setting	NOUN
epaa-281	29	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	29	14	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	29	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	29	16	define	define	VERB
epaa-281	29	17	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	29	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	29	19	should	should	AUX
epaa-281	29	20	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	29	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	29	22	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	29	23	should	should	AUX
epaa-281	29	24	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-281	29	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	29	26	a	a	DET
epaa-281	29	27	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-281	29	28	role	role	NOUN
epaa-281	29	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	29	30	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	29	31	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	29	32	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	29	33	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	29	34	has	have	AUX
epaa-281	29	35	emerged	emerge	VERB
epaa-281	29	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	1	some	some	DET
epaa-281	30	2	states	state	NOUN
epaa-281	30	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	30	5	example	example	NOUN
epaa-281	30	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	7	use	use	VERB
epaa-281	30	8	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	30	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	30	10	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	30	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	12	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	30	13	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	30	14	to	to	PART
epaa-281	30	15	make	make	VERB
epaa-281	30	16	presumably	presumably	ADV
epaa-281	30	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	30	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	20	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	30	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	22	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-281	30	23	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	30	24	have	have	VERB
epaa-281	30	25	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	30	26	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	30	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	30	28	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	30	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	30	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	30	31	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	30	32	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-281	30	33	a	a	DET
epaa-281	30	34	student	student	NOUN
epaa-281	30	35	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	30	36	allowed	allow	VERB
epaa-281	30	37	to	to	PART
epaa-281	30	38	take	take	VERB
epaa-281	30	39	a	a	DET
epaa-281	30	40	certain	certain	ADJ
epaa-281	30	41	course	course	NOUN
epaa-281	30	42	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	30	43	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	30	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	45	will	will	AUX
epaa-281	30	46	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	30	47	promoted	promote	VERB
epaa-281	30	48	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	30	49	the	the	DET
epaa-281	30	50	next	next	ADJ
epaa-281	30	51	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	30	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	53	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	30	54	will	will	AUX
epaa-281	30	55	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-281	30	56	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	30	57	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	30	58	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	30	59	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	60	heubert	heubert	PROPN
epaa-281	30	61	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	30	62	hauser	hauser	PROPN
epaa-281	30	63	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	64	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-281	30	65	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	30	66	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	31	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-281	31	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-281	31	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	31	4	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	31	5	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	31	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	31	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	31	8	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-281	31	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	31	10	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	31	11	as	as	ADV
epaa-281	31	12	well	well	ADV
epaa-281	31	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	32	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	32	3	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-281	32	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	5	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	32	6	least	least	ADJ
epaa-281	32	7	23	23	NUM
epaa-281	32	8	states	state	NOUN
epaa-281	32	9	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	32	10	attaching	attach	VERB
epaa-281	32	11	explicit	explicit	ADJ
epaa-281	32	12	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	32	13	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	32	14	the	the	DET
epaa-281	32	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	32	16	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	32	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	32	18	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	32	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	32	20	results	result	NOUN
epaa-281	32	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	22	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	32	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	32	24	funding	funding	NOUN
epaa-281	32	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	26	warnings	warning	NOUN
epaa-281	32	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	28	assistance	assistance	NOUN
epaa-281	32	29	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	32	30	outside	outside	ADJ
epaa-281	32	31	experts	expert	NOUN
epaa-281	32	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	33	loss	loss	NOUN
epaa-281	32	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	32	35	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-281	32	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	32	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	32	39	a	a	DET
epaa-281	32	40	few	few	ADJ
epaa-281	32	41	places	place	NOUN
epaa-281	32	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	43	the	the	DET
epaa-281	32	44	eventual	eventual	ADJ
epaa-281	32	45	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	32	46	takeover	takeover	NOUN
epaa-281	32	47	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	32	48	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	32	49	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	50	bond	bond	NOUN
epaa-281	32	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	52	braskamp	braskamp	PROPN
epaa-281	32	53	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	32	54	roeber	roeber	PROPN
epaa-281	32	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	56	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-281	32	57	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	32	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	33	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-281	33	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	33	3	widespread	widespread	ADJ
epaa-281	33	4	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	33	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	33	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	33	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	33	8	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	33	9	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	33	10	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	33	11	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	33	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	33	13	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	33	14	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	33	15	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
epaa-281	33	16	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	33	17	contributes	contribute	VERB
epaa-281	33	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	33	19	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	33	20	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-281	33	21	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	33	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	33	23	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	33	24	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	33	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	33	26	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-281	33	27	to	to	PART
epaa-281	33	28	support	support	VERB
epaa-281	33	29	this	this	DET
epaa-281	33	30	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-281	33	31	has	have	VERB
epaa-281	33	32	yet	yet	ADV
epaa-281	33	33	to	to	PART
epaa-281	33	34	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	33	35	established	establish	VERB
epaa-281	33	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	34	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-281	34	2	stake	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	34	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	34	4	rugg	rugg	PROPN
epaa-281	34	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	34	6	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	34	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	34	8	point	point	VERB
epaa-281	34	9	out	out	ADP
epaa-281	34	10	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	34	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	34	12	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-281	34	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	34	14	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-281	34	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	34	16	use	use	NOUN
epaa-281	34	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	34	18	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-281	34	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	34	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	34	21	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	34	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	34	23	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	34	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	34	25	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	34	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	34	27	order	order	NOUN
epaa-281	34	28	to	to	PART
epaa-281	34	29	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-281	34	30	the	the	DET
epaa-281	34	31	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	34	32	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	34	33	a	a	DET
epaa-281	34	34	long	long	ADJ
epaa-281	34	35	step	step	NOUN
epaa-281	34	36	further	far	ADV
epaa-281	34	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	34	38	the	the	DET
epaa-281	34	39	unknown	unknown	NOUN
epaa-281	34	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	35	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	35	2	sixty	sixty	NUM
epaa-281	35	3	years	year	NOUN
epaa-281	35	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	35	5	vast	vast	ADJ
epaa-281	35	6	international	international	ADJ
epaa-281	35	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	35	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	35	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	35	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	35	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	35	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	35	13	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	35	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	35	15	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
epaa-281	35	16	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	35	17	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	35	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	35	19	order	order	NOUN
epaa-281	35	20	to	to	PART
epaa-281	35	21	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-281	35	22	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	35	23	has	have	AUX
epaa-281	35	24	never	never	ADV
epaa-281	35	25	been	be	AUX
epaa-281	35	26	validated	validate	VERB
epaa-281	35	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	36	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	36	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	36	3	xx	xx	NUM
epaa-281	36	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	36	5	zancanella	zancanella	NOUN
epaa-281	36	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	36	7	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	36	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	36	9	makes	make	VERB
epaa-281	36	10	a	a	DET
epaa-281	36	11	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-281	36	12	point	point	NOUN
epaa-281	36	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	36	14	indicating	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	36	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	36	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	36	17	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-281	36	18	use	use	NOUN
epaa-281	36	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	36	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	36	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	36	22	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	36	23	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	36	24	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	36	25	a	a	DET
epaa-281	36	26	lever	lever	NOUN
epaa-281	36	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	36	28	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	36	29	has	have	AUX
epaa-281	36	30	not	not	PART
epaa-281	36	31	been	be	AUX
epaa-281	36	32	paralleled	parallel	VERB
epaa-281	36	33	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	36	34	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-281	36	35	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-281	36	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	36	37	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-281	36	38	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	36	39	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	36	40	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	36	41	affects	affect	VERB
epaa-281	36	42	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	36	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	36	44	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	36	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	36	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	36	47	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	36	48	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	36	49	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-281	36	50	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	36	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	37	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-281	37	2	concludes	conclude	VERB
epaa-281	37	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	37	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	37	5	idea	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	37	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	37	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	37	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	37	9	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	37	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	37	11	will	will	AUX
epaa-281	37	12	somehow	somehow	ADV
epaa-281	37	13	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-281	37	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	37	15	better	well	ADJ
epaa-281	37	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	37	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	37	18	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	37	19	expresses	express	VERB
epaa-281	37	20	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	37	21	hope	hope	NOUN
epaa-281	37	22	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	37	23	reality	reality	NOUN
epaa-281	37	24	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	37	25	this	this	DET
epaa-281	37	26	shortage	shortage	NOUN
epaa-281	37	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	37	28	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-281	37	29	investigations	investigation	NOUN
epaa-281	37	30	means	mean	VERB
epaa-281	37	31	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	37	32	the	the	DET
epaa-281	37	33	hopes	hope	NOUN
epaa-281	37	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	37	35	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	37	36	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	37	37	makers	maker	NOUN
epaa-281	37	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	37	39	the	the	DET
epaa-281	37	40	public	public	NOUN
epaa-281	37	41	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	37	42	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	37	43	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	37	44	will	will	AUX
epaa-281	37	45	somehow	somehow	ADV
epaa-281	37	46	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-281	37	47	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	37	48	better	well	ADJ
epaa-281	37	49	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	37	50	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	37	51	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	37	52	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-281	37	53	rest	rest	NOUN
epaa-281	37	54	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	37	55	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-281	37	56	unvalidated	unvalidated	ADJ
epaa-281	37	57	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
epaa-281	37	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	38	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	38	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	38	3	283	283	NUM
epaa-281	38	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	38	5	corbett	corbett	NOUN
epaa-281	38	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	38	7	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-281	38	8	's	's	PART
epaa-281	38	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	38	10	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	38	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	38	12	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	38	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	38	14	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-281	38	15	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	38	16	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	38	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	38	18	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
epaa-281	38	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	38	20	maryland	maryland	NOUN
epaa-281	38	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	38	22	a	a	DET
epaa-281	38	23	case	case	NOUN
epaa-281	38	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	38	25	point	point	NOUN
epaa-281	38	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	39	1	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	39	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	39	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	39	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	39	5	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	39	6	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-281	39	7	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	39	8	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	39	9	can	can	AUX
epaa-281	39	10	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-281	39	11	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	39	12	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	39	13	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	39	14	the	the	DET
epaa-281	39	15	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	39	16	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	39	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	39	18	that	that	DET
epaa-281	39	19	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	39	20	might	might	AUX
epaa-281	39	21	not	not	PART
epaa-281	39	22	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-281	39	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	39	24	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	39	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	40	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	40	2	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	40	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	40	4	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	40	5	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	40	6	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	40	7	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-281	40	8	to	to	PART
epaa-281	40	9	inspire	inspire	VERB
epaa-281	40	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	40	11	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	40	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	40	13	occurring	occur	VERB
epaa-281	40	14	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	40	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	40	16	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	40	17	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	40	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	40	19	both	both	DET
epaa-281	40	20	states	state	NOUN
epaa-281	40	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	40	22	corbett	corbett	PROPN
epaa-281	40	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	40	24	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-281	40	25	found	find	VERB
epaa-281	40	26	those	those	DET
epaa-281	40	27	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	40	28	to	to	PART
epaa-281	40	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	40	30	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	40	31	merely	merely	ADV
epaa-281	40	32	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-281	40	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	40	34	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-281	40	35	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	40	36	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	40	37	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	40	38	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	40	39	the	the	DET
epaa-281	40	40	better	well	ADJ
epaa-281	40	41	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	40	42	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	40	43	improvements	improvement	NOUN
epaa-281	40	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	40	45	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	40	46	111	111	NUM
epaa-281	40	47	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	40	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	41	1	going	go	VERB
epaa-281	41	2	further	far	ADV
epaa-281	41	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	41	4	corbett	corbett	NOUN
epaa-281	41	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	41	6	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-281	41	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	41	8	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	41	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	41	10	also	also	ADV
epaa-281	41	11	contend	contend	VERB
epaa-281	41	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	41	13	a	a	DET
epaa-281	41	14	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-281	41	15	trigger	trigger	NOUN
epaa-281	41	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	41	17	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	41	18	need	need	AUX
epaa-281	41	19	not	not	PART
epaa-281	41	20	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	41	21	built	build	VERB
epaa-281	41	22	into	into	ADP
epaa-281	41	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	41	24	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	41	25	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	41	26	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-281	41	27	the	the	DET
epaa-281	41	28	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	41	29	to	to	PART
epaa-281	41	30	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	41	31	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	41	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	1	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	42	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	42	3	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	42	4	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	42	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	42	6	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	7	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	42	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	9	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	42	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	11	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	42	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	13	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	42	14	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	42	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	42	16	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
epaa-281	42	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	42	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	19	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	42	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	21	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	42	22	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	23	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	42	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	25	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	42	26	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	42	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	42	28	maryland	maryland	PROPN
epaa-281	42	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	30	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	42	31	found	find	VERB
epaa-281	42	32	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	42	33	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	42	34	the	the	DET
epaa-281	42	35	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-281	42	36	to	to	PART
epaa-281	42	37	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-281	42	38	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	42	39	intensified	intensify	VERB
epaa-281	42	40	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	42	41	both	both	DET
epaa-281	42	42	states	state	NOUN
epaa-281	42	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	44	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	42	45	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	42	46	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
epaa-281	42	47	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-281	42	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	49	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	42	50	taking	take	VERB
epaa-281	42	51	the	the	DET
epaa-281	42	52	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	42	53	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	42	54	seriously	seriously	ADV
epaa-281	42	55	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	42	56	doing	do	VERB
epaa-281	42	57	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	42	58	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	59	not	not	PART
epaa-281	42	60	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	42	61	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	42	62	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-281	42	63	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	42	64	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	42	65	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	42	66	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-281	42	67	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-281	42	68	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	42	69	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	42	70	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	42	71	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	72	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	73	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	42	74	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	42	75	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	76	political	political	ADJ
epaa-281	42	77	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-281	42	78	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	79	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	80	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	42	81	104	104	NUM
epaa-281	42	82	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	42	83	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	43	1	corbett	corbett	PROPN
epaa-281	43	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	43	3	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-281	43	4	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-281	43	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	43	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	43	7	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	43	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	43	9	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	43	10	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	43	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	43	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	43	13	public	public	NOUN
epaa-281	43	14	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-281	43	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	43	16	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	43	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	43	18	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-281	43	19	testing	test	VERB
epaa-281	43	20	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	43	21	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	43	22	less	less	ADJ
epaa-281	43	23	a	a	DET
epaa-281	43	24	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-281	43	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	43	26	a	a	DET
epaa-281	43	27	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	43	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	43	29	the	the	DET
epaa-281	43	30	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	43	31	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	43	32	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-281	43	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	43	34	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	43	35	a	a	DET
epaa-281	43	36	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-281	43	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	43	38	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	43	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	43	40	the	the	DET
epaa-281	43	41	public	public	NOUN
epaa-281	43	42	's	's	PART
epaa-281	43	43	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	43	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	43	45	the	the	DET
epaa-281	43	46	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	43	47	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	43	48	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	43	49	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	43	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	44	1	building	build	VERB
epaa-281	44	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	44	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	44	4	earlier	early	ADV
epaa-281	44	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	44	6	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-281	44	7	anecdotal	anecdotal	ADJ
epaa-281	44	8	work	work	NOUN
epaa-281	44	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	44	10	madaus	madaus	NOUN
epaa-281	44	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	44	12	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-281	44	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	44	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	44	15	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	44	16	leave	leave	VERB
epaa-281	44	17	4	4	NUM
epaa-281	44	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	44	19	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	44	20	open	open	ADJ
epaa-281	44	21	the	the	DET
epaa-281	44	22	possibility	possibility	NOUN
epaa-281	44	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	44	24	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	44	25	people	people	NOUN
epaa-281	44	26	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	44	27	attach	attach	VERB
epaa-281	44	28	a	a	DET
epaa-281	44	29	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	44	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	44	31	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	44	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	44	33	a	a	DET
epaa-281	44	34	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	44	35	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	44	36	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	44	37	out	out	ADP
epaa-281	44	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	44	39	character	character	NOUN
epaa-281	44	40	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	44	41	the	the	DET
epaa-281	44	42	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-281	44	43	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	44	44	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-281	44	45	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	44	46	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	44	47	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	44	48	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	44	49	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	44	50	26	26	NUM
epaa-281	44	51	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	44	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	45	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	45	2	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	45	3	doing	do	VERB
epaa-281	45	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	45	5	corbett	corbett	PROPN
epaa-281	45	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	45	7	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-281	45	8	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	45	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	45	10	the	the	DET
epaa-281	45	11	notion	notion	NOUN
epaa-281	45	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	45	13	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	45	14	might	might	AUX
epaa-281	45	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	45	16	defined	define	VERB
epaa-281	45	17	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	45	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	45	19	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	45	20	perception	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	45	21	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	45	22	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	45	23	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	45	24	edict	edict	PROPN
epaa-281	45	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	46	1	taken	take	VERB
epaa-281	46	2	together	together	ADV
epaa-281	46	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	46	4	these	these	DET
epaa-281	46	5	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	46	6	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
epaa-281	46	7	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	46	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	46	9	need	need	NOUN
epaa-281	46	10	to	to	PART
epaa-281	46	11	explore	explore	VERB
epaa-281	46	12	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	46	13	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	46	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	46	15	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	46	16	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	46	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	46	18	interpreted	interpret	VERB
epaa-281	46	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	46	20	engaged	engage	VERB
epaa-281	46	21	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	46	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	46	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	47	1	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
epaa-281	47	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	47	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	47	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	47	5	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-281	47	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	47	7	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	47	8	explore	explore	VERB
epaa-281	47	9	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	47	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	47	11	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-281	47	12	known	know	VERB
epaa-281	47	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	47	14	the	the	DET
epaa-281	47	15	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	47	16	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	47	17	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	47	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	47	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	47	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	47	21	'	'	PART
epaa-281	47	22	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	47	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	47	24	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	47	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	48	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	48	2	using	use	VERB
epaa-281	48	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	48	4	term	term	NOUN
epaa-281	48	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	48	6	'	'	PART
epaa-281	48	7	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	48	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	48	9	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	48	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	48	11	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	48	12	refer	refer	VERB
epaa-281	48	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	48	14	a	a	DET
epaa-281	48	15	complicated	complicated	ADJ
epaa-281	48	16	mix	mix	NOUN
epaa-281	48	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	48	18	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	48	19	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	48	20	include	include	VERB
epaa-281	48	21	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	48	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	48	23	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-281	48	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	48	25	perceive	perceive	VERB
epaa-281	48	26	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	48	27	the	the	DET
epaa-281	48	28	work	work	NOUN
epaa-281	48	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	48	30	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	48	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	48	32	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	48	33	these	these	DET
epaa-281	48	34	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	48	35	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	48	36	expressed	express	VERB
epaa-281	48	37	through	through	ADP
epaa-281	48	38	language	language	NOUN
epaa-281	48	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	48	40	action	action	NOUN
epaa-281	48	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	49	1	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	49	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	49	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	49	4	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	49	5	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	49	6	review	review	VERB
epaa-281	49	7	here	here	ADV
epaa-281	49	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	49	9	the	the	DET
epaa-281	49	10	existence	existence	NOUN
epaa-281	49	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	49	12	a	a	DET
epaa-281	49	13	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	49	14	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	49	15	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	49	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	49	17	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	49	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	49	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	49	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	49	21	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	49	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	49	23	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	49	24	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	49	25	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-281	49	26	confirmed	confirm	VERB
epaa-281	49	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	50	1	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	50	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	50	3	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	50	4	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	50	5	do	do	AUX
epaa-281	50	6	matter	matter	VERB
epaa-281	50	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	50	8	do	do	AUX
epaa-281	50	9	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-281	50	10	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	50	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	50	12	say	say	VERB
epaa-281	50	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	50	14	do	do	VERB
epaa-281	50	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	50	16	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	50	17	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	50	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	51	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	51	2	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	51	3	there	there	PRON
epaa-281	51	4	is	be	VERB
epaa-281	51	5	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-281	51	6	agreement	agreement	NOUN
epaa-281	51	7	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	51	8	a	a	DET
epaa-281	51	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	51	10	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	51	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	51	12	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	51	13	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	51	14	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-281	51	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	51	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	51	17	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-281	51	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	51	19	that	that	DET
epaa-281	51	20	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	51	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	51	22	neither	neither	CCONJ
epaa-281	51	23	simple	simple	ADJ
epaa-281	51	24	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-281	51	25	easy	easy	ADJ
epaa-281	51	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	51	27	requires	require	VERB
epaa-281	51	28	further	further	ADJ
epaa-281	51	29	elucidation	elucidation	NOUN
epaa-281	51	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	52	1	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-281	52	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	52	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	52	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	52	5	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	52	6	a	a	DET
epaa-281	52	7	query	query	NOUN
epaa-281	52	8	using	use	VERB
epaa-281	52	9	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-281	52	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	52	11	varied	varied	ADJ
epaa-281	52	12	combinations	combination	NOUN
epaa-281	52	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	52	14	keywords	keyword	NOUN
epaa-281	52	15	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	52	16	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	52	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	52	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	52	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	52	20	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-281	52	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	52	22	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	52	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	52	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	52	25	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	52	26	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-281	52	27	through	through	ADP
epaa-281	52	28	eric	eric	PROPN
epaa-281	52	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	52	30	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	52	31	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	52	32	information	information	NOUN
epaa-281	52	33	center	center	NOUN
epaa-281	52	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	52	35	began	begin	VERB
epaa-281	52	36	the	the	DET
epaa-281	52	37	search	search	NOUN
epaa-281	52	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	53	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	53	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	53	3	my	my	PRON
epaa-281	53	4	interest	interest	NOUN
epaa-281	53	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	53	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	53	7	/	/	SYM
epaa-281	53	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	53	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	53	10	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	53	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	53	12	/	/	SYM
epaa-281	53	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	53	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	53	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	53	16	united	united	PROPN
epaa-281	53	17	states	states	PROPN
epaa-281	53	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	53	19	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	53	20	cross	cross	VERB
epaa-281	53	21	-	-	VERB
epaa-281	53	22	referenced	reference	VERB
epaa-281	53	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	53	24	aforementioned	aforementioned	ADJ
epaa-281	53	25	descriptors	descriptor	NOUN
epaa-281	53	26	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	53	27	the	the	DET
epaa-281	53	28	keywords	keyword	NOUN
epaa-281	53	29	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	53	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	53	31	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	53	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	53	33	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	53	34	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	53	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	54	1	works	work	VERB
epaa-281	54	2	germane	germane	NOUN
epaa-281	54	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	54	4	this	this	DET
epaa-281	54	5	body	body	NOUN
epaa-281	54	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	54	7	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	54	8	prompted	prompt	VERB
epaa-281	54	9	further	further	ADJ
epaa-281	54	10	discovery	discovery	NOUN
epaa-281	54	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	54	12	related	related	ADJ
epaa-281	54	13	books	book	NOUN
epaa-281	54	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	54	15	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-281	54	16	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-281	54	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	54	18	conference	conference	NOUN
epaa-281	54	19	papers	paper	NOUN
epaa-281	54	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	54	21	project	project	NOUN
epaa-281	54	22	reports	report	NOUN
epaa-281	54	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	54	24	essays	essay	NOUN
epaa-281	54	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	54	26	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	54	27	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	54	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	54	29	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-281	54	30	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-281	54	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	55	1	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	55	2	this	this	DET
epaa-281	55	3	body	body	NOUN
epaa-281	55	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	55	5	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	55	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	55	7	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	55	8	selected	select	VERB
epaa-281	55	9	those	those	DET
epaa-281	55	10	works	work	NOUN
epaa-281	55	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	55	12	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-281	55	13	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-281	55	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	55	15	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	55	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	55	17	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	55	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	55	19	within	within	ADP
epaa-281	55	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	55	21	last	last	ADJ
epaa-281	55	22	ten	ten	NUM
epaa-281	55	23	years	year	NOUN
epaa-281	55	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	56	1	much	much	ADJ
epaa-281	56	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	56	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	56	4	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-281	56	5	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	56	6	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	56	7	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	56	8	able	able	ADJ
epaa-281	56	9	to	to	PART
epaa-281	56	10	locate	locate	VERB
epaa-281	56	11	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	56	12	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
epaa-281	56	13	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-281	56	14	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	56	15	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-281	56	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	56	17	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-281	56	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	57	1	only	only	ADV
epaa-281	57	2	those	those	DET
epaa-281	57	3	works	work	NOUN
epaa-281	57	4	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	57	5	could	could	AUX
epaa-281	57	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	57	7	identified	identify	VERB
epaa-281	57	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	57	9	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
epaa-281	57	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	57	11	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
epaa-281	57	12	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	57	13	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	57	14	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-281	57	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	58	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	58	2	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
epaa-281	58	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	58	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	58	5	non	non	ADJ
epaa-281	58	6	-	-	ADJ
epaa-281	58	7	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-281	58	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	58	9	works	work	NOUN
epaa-281	58	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	58	11	including	include	VERB
epaa-281	58	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	58	13	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	58	14	not	not	PART
epaa-281	58	15	limited	limit	VERB
epaa-281	58	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	58	17	essays	essay	NOUN
epaa-281	58	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	58	19	anecdotal	anecdotal	ADJ
epaa-281	58	20	reports	report	NOUN
epaa-281	58	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	58	22	testimonials	testimonial	NOUN
epaa-281	58	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	58	24	reduced	reduce	VERB
epaa-281	58	25	an	an	DET
epaa-281	58	26	extensive	extensive	ADJ
epaa-281	58	27	list	list	NOUN
epaa-281	58	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	58	29	citations	citation	NOUN
epaa-281	58	30	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	58	31	a	a	DET
epaa-281	58	32	small	small	ADJ
epaa-281	58	33	body	body	NOUN
epaa-281	58	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	58	35	work	work	NOUN
epaa-281	58	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	59	1	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	59	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	59	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	59	4	available	available	ADJ
epaa-281	59	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	59	6	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	59	7	selected	select	VERB
epaa-281	59	8	those	those	DET
epaa-281	59	9	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	59	10	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	59	11	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	59	12	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-281	59	13	met	meet	VERB
epaa-281	59	14	the	the	DET
epaa-281	59	15	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	59	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	59	17	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
epaa-281	59	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	59	19	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
epaa-281	59	20	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	59	21	put	put	VERB
epaa-281	59	22	forth	forth	ADP
epaa-281	59	23	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	59	24	howe	howe	NOUN
epaa-281	59	25	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	59	26	eisenhart	eisenhart	PROPN
epaa-281	59	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	59	28	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-281	59	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	59	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	60	1	1	1	NUM
epaa-281	60	2	much	much	ADJ
epaa-281	60	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	60	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	60	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	60	6	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	60	7	located	locate	VERB
epaa-281	60	8	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-281	60	9	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	60	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	60	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	60	12	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	60	13	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	60	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	60	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	60	16	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	60	17	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	60	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	60	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	60	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	60	21	see	see	VERB
epaa-281	60	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	60	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	60	24	example	example	NOUN
epaa-281	60	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	60	26	natriello	natriello	PROPN
epaa-281	60	27	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	60	28	pallas	pallas	PROPN
epaa-281	60	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	60	30	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	60	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	60	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	60	33	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	60	34	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	60	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	60	36	implicated	implicated	ADJ
epaa-281	60	37	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	60	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	60	39	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-281	60	40	obliquely	obliquely	ADV
epaa-281	60	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-281	61	2	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	61	3	lumped	lump	VERB
epaa-281	61	4	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	61	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	61	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	7	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-281	61	8	specialists	specialist	NOUN
epaa-281	61	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	10	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	61	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	12	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-281	61	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	61	15	special	special	ADJ
epaa-281	61	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	61	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	61	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	20	counselors	counselor	NOUN
epaa-281	61	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	22	department	department	NOUN
epaa-281	61	23	chairpersons	chairperson	NOUN
epaa-281	61	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	25	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	61	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	61	28	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-281	61	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	30	together	together	ADV
epaa-281	61	31	into	into	ADP
epaa-281	61	32	a	a	DET
epaa-281	61	33	single	single	ADJ
epaa-281	61	34	category	category	NOUN
epaa-281	61	35	called	call	VERB
epaa-281	61	36	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	37	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	61	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	61	39	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	62	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	62	2	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-281	62	3	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	62	4	paid	pay	VERB
epaa-281	62	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	62	6	a	a	DET
epaa-281	62	7	group	group	NOUN
epaa-281	62	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	62	9	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	62	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	62	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	62	12	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	62	13	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-281	62	14	addressed	address	VERB
epaa-281	62	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	62	16	a	a	DET
epaa-281	62	17	subset	subset	NOUN
epaa-281	62	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	62	19	this	this	DET
epaa-281	62	20	group	group	NOUN
epaa-281	62	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	62	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	62	23	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	62	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	62	25	the	the	DET
epaa-281	62	26	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	62	27	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	62	28	included	include	VERB
epaa-281	62	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	62	30	this	this	DET
epaa-281	62	31	review	review	NOUN
epaa-281	62	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	62	33	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	62	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	62	35	glasnapp	glasnapp	NOUN
epaa-281	62	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	62	37	poggio	poggio	PROPN
epaa-281	62	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	62	39	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	62	40	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-281	62	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	62	42	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	62	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	62	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	63	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
epaa-281	63	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	63	3	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	63	4	no	no	DET
epaa-281	63	5	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-281	63	6	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	63	7	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-281	63	8	paid	pay	VERB
epaa-281	63	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	63	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	63	11	'	'	PART
epaa-281	63	12	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	63	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	63	14	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	63	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	63	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	63	17	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	63	18	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	63	19	not	not	PART
epaa-281	63	20	included	include	VERB
epaa-281	63	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	63	22	see	see	VERB
epaa-281	63	23	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	63	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	63	25	corbett	corbett	PROPN
epaa-281	63	26	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	63	27	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-281	63	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	63	29	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	63	30	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	63	31	bond	bond	NOUN
epaa-281	63	32	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	63	33	cohen	cohen	PROPN
epaa-281	63	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	63	35	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	63	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	63	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	64	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	64	2	short	short	ADJ
epaa-281	64	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	64	4	only	only	ADV
epaa-281	64	5	a	a	DET
epaa-281	64	6	handful	handful	NOUN
epaa-281	64	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	64	8	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	64	9	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-281	64	10	exploring	explore	VERB
epaa-281	64	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	64	12	'	'	PART
epaa-281	64	13	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	64	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	64	15	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	64	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	64	17	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	64	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	64	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	64	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	64	21	import	import	NOUN
epaa-281	64	22	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	64	23	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	64	24	hold	hold	VERB
epaa-281	64	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	64	26	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	64	27	5	5	NUM
epaa-281	64	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	64	29	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	64	30	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	64	31	remained	remain	VERB
epaa-281	64	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	65	1	these	these	DET
epaa-281	65	2	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	65	3	will	will	AUX
epaa-281	65	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	65	5	examined	examine	VERB
epaa-281	65	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	65	7	this	this	DET
epaa-281	65	8	article	article	NOUN
epaa-281	65	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	66	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	66	2	began	begin	VERB
epaa-281	66	3	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	66	4	my	my	PRON
epaa-281	66	5	reading	read	VERB
epaa-281	66	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	66	7	target	target	NOUN
epaa-281	66	8	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	66	9	to	to	PART
epaa-281	66	10	see	see	VERB
epaa-281	66	11	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	66	12	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	66	13	had	have	VERB
epaa-281	66	14	to	to	PART
epaa-281	66	15	say	say	VERB
epaa-281	66	16	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	66	17	the	the	DET
epaa-281	66	18	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	66	19	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	66	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	66	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	66	22	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	66	23	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	66	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	66	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	66	26	'	'	PART
epaa-281	66	27	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	66	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	66	29	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	66	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	67	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-281	67	2	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	67	3	read	read	VERB
epaa-281	67	4	each	each	DET
epaa-281	67	5	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	67	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	67	7	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	67	8	first	first	ADV
epaa-281	67	9	looked	look	VERB
epaa-281	67	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	67	11	points	point	NOUN
epaa-281	67	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	67	13	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-281	67	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	67	15	connection	connection	NOUN
epaa-281	67	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	68	1	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
epaa-281	68	2	review	review	NOUN
epaa-281	68	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
epaa-281	68	4	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	68	5	camps	camp	NOUN
epaa-281	68	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	68	7	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	68	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	68	9	those	those	PRON
epaa-281	68	10	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	68	11	said	say	VERB
epaa-281	68	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	68	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	68	14	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	68	15	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	68	16	has	have	AUX
epaa-281	68	17	had	have	VERB
epaa-281	68	18	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-281	68	19	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	68	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	68	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	68	22	'	'	PART
epaa-281	68	23	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	68	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	68	25	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	68	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	68	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	68	28	those	those	PRON
epaa-281	68	29	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	68	30	said	say	VERB
epaa-281	68	31	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	68	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	68	33	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	68	34	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	68	35	has	have	AUX
epaa-281	68	36	had	have	VERB
epaa-281	68	37	little	little	ADJ
epaa-281	68	38	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	68	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	68	40	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	68	41	any	any	PRON
epaa-281	68	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	69	1	some	some	DET
epaa-281	69	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	69	3	said	say	VERB
epaa-281	69	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	69	5	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-281	69	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	69	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	69	8	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	69	9	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	69	10	having	have	VERB
epaa-281	69	11	a	a	DET
epaa-281	69	12	mostly	mostly	ADV
epaa-281	69	13	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-281	69	14	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-281	69	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	69	16	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	69	17	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	69	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	69	19	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	69	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	69	21	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
epaa-281	69	22	others	other	NOUN
epaa-281	69	23	said	say	VERB
epaa-281	69	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	69	25	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-281	69	26	the	the	DET
epaa-281	69	27	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	69	28	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	69	29	to	to	PART
epaa-281	69	30	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	69	31	a	a	DET
epaa-281	69	32	mixed	mixed	ADJ
epaa-281	69	33	bag	bag	NOUN
epaa-281	69	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	70	1	almost	almost	ADV
epaa-281	70	2	all	all	PRON
epaa-281	70	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	70	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	70	5	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	70	6	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	70	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	70	8	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	70	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	70	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	70	11	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	70	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	70	13	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	70	14	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-281	70	15	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	70	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	70	17	said	say	VERB
epaa-281	70	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	70	19	did	do	VERB
epaa-281	70	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	70	21	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	70	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	70	23	too	too	ADV
epaa-281	70	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	70	25	did	do	VERB
epaa-281	70	26	a	a	DET
epaa-281	70	27	number	number	NOUN
epaa-281	70	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	70	29	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	70	30	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-281	70	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	70	32	namely	namely	ADV
epaa-281	70	33	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	70	34	'	'	PART
epaa-281	70	35	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-281	70	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	70	37	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-281	70	38	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-281	70	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	70	40	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	70	41	approaches	approach	NOUN
epaa-281	70	42	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	70	43	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	70	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	70	45	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	70	46	views	view	NOUN
epaa-281	70	47	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	70	48	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	70	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	70	50	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	70	51	the	the	DET
epaa-281	70	52	amalgam	amalgam	NOUN
epaa-281	70	53	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	70	54	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-281	70	55	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	70	56	status	status	NOUN
epaa-281	70	57	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	70	58	possessed	possess	VERB
epaa-281	70	59	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	70	60	the	the	DET
epaa-281	70	61	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	70	62	organization	organization	NOUN
epaa-281	70	63	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	1	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	71	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	71	3	phrases	phrase	NOUN
epaa-281	71	4	drawn	draw	VERB
epaa-281	71	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	71	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	71	7	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-281	71	8	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	71	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	10	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	71	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	71	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	71	13	use	use	NOUN
epaa-281	71	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	71	15	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	71	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	17	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	71	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	71	19	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	71	20	a	a	DET
epaa-281	71	21	lever	lever	NOUN
epaa-281	71	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	71	23	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	71	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	25	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	71	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	27	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-281	71	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	29	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	71	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	71	31	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	71	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	71	33	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-281	71	34	vs.	vs.	ADP
epaa-281	71	35	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	71	36	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	71	37	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-281	71	38	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	39	corbett	corbett	PROPN
epaa-281	71	40	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	71	41	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-281	71	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	43	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	71	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	71	46	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	71	47	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	71	48	policybrokers	policybroker	NOUN
epaa-281	71	49	vs.	vs.	ADP
epaa-281	71	50	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	71	51	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	71	52	implementors	implementor	NOUN
epaa-281	71	53	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	54	schwille	schwille	X
epaa-281	71	55	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	71	56	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	71	57	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	71	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	59	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-281	71	60	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	71	62	emerged	emerge	VERB
epaa-281	71	63	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	71	64	key	key	NOUN
epaa-281	71	65	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	71	66	the	the	DET
epaa-281	71	67	second	second	ADJ
epaa-281	71	68	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	71	69	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	71	70	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	71	71	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	72	1	all	all	PRON
epaa-281	72	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	72	3	these	these	DET
epaa-281	72	4	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	72	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	72	6	phrases	phrase	NOUN
epaa-281	72	7	prompted	prompt	VERB
epaa-281	72	8	consideration	consideration	NOUN
epaa-281	72	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	72	10	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	72	11	types	type	NOUN
epaa-281	72	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	72	13	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	72	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	72	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	72	16	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	72	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	72	18	external	external	ADJ
epaa-281	72	19	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	72	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	73	1	2	2	NUM
epaa-281	73	2	put	put	VERB
epaa-281	73	3	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-281	73	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	73	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	73	6	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	73	7	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	73	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	73	9	just	just	ADV
epaa-281	73	10	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-281	73	11	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	73	12	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
epaa-281	73	13	made	make	VERB
epaa-281	73	14	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	73	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	73	16	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	73	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	73	18	too	too	ADV
epaa-281	73	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	73	20	did	do	VERB
epaa-281	73	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	73	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	74	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
epaa-281	74	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	74	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	74	4	interaction	interaction	NOUN
epaa-281	74	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	74	6	negotiation	negotiation	NOUN
epaa-281	74	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	74	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	74	9	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	74	10	seemed	seem	VERB
epaa-281	74	11	to	to	PART
epaa-281	74	12	occupy	occupy	VERB
epaa-281	74	13	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	74	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	74	15	a	a	DET
epaa-281	74	16	middle	middle	ADJ
epaa-281	74	17	ground	ground	NOUN
epaa-281	74	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	74	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	74	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	74	21	classic	classic	ADJ
epaa-281	74	22	sociological	sociological	ADJ
epaa-281	74	23	contrast	contrast	NOUN
epaa-281	74	24	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	74	25	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-281	74	26	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
epaa-281	74	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	74	28	bureaucratic	bureaucratic	ADJ
epaa-281	74	29	subordination	subordination	NOUN
epaa-281	74	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	75	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	75	2	pictures	picture	VERB
epaa-281	75	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	75	4	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	75	5	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	75	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	75	7	less	less	ADV
epaa-281	75	8	rational	rational	ADJ
epaa-281	75	9	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-281	75	10	makers	maker	NOUN
epaa-281	75	11	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	75	12	take	take	VERB
epaa-281	75	13	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-281	75	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	75	15	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	75	16	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	75	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	75	18	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	75	19	pressures	pressure	NOUN
epaa-281	75	20	into	into	ADP
epaa-281	75	21	consideration	consideration	NOUN
epaa-281	75	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	75	23	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	75	24	calculation	calculation	NOUN
epaa-281	75	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	75	26	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-281	75	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	75	28	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-281	75	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	75	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	75	31	schwille	schwille	X
epaa-281	75	32	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	75	33	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	75	34	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	75	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	75	36	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-281	75	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	75	38	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	75	39	377	377	NUM
epaa-281	75	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	75	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	76	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-281	76	2	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	76	3	read	read	VERB
epaa-281	76	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	76	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	76	6	again	again	ADV
epaa-281	76	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	76	8	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	76	9	thought	think	VERB
epaa-281	76	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	76	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	76	12	aforementioned	aforementioned	ADJ
epaa-281	76	13	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	76	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	76	15	phrases	phrase	NOUN
epaa-281	76	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	76	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	76	18	relation	relation	NOUN
epaa-281	76	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	76	20	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	76	21	key	key	ADJ
epaa-281	76	22	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	76	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	76	24	phrases	phrase	NOUN
epaa-281	76	25	found	find	VERB
epaa-281	76	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	76	27	each	each	DET
epaa-281	76	28	account	account	NOUN
epaa-281	76	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	77	1	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	77	2	there	there	ADV
epaa-281	77	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	77	4	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	77	5	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-281	77	6	these	these	DET
epaa-281	77	7	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	77	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	77	9	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	77	10	account	account	NOUN
epaa-281	77	11	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	77	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	77	13	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	77	14	found	find	VERB
epaa-281	77	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	77	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	77	17	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	77	18	accounts	account	NOUN
epaa-281	77	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	78	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	78	2	elaboration	elaboration	NOUN
epaa-281	78	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	78	4	these	these	DET
epaa-281	78	5	concepts	concept	NOUN
epaa-281	78	6	informed	inform	VERB
epaa-281	78	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	78	8	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	78	9	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	78	10	not	not	PART
epaa-281	78	11	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-281	78	12	organize	organize	VERB
epaa-281	78	13	the	the	DET
epaa-281	78	14	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-281	78	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	78	16	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	78	17	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	78	18	report	report	VERB
epaa-281	78	19	the	the	DET
epaa-281	78	20	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	78	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	78	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	78	23	section	section	NOUN
epaa-281	78	24	to	to	PART
epaa-281	78	25	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-281	78	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	79	1	findings	finding	VERB
epaa-281	79	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	79	3	review	review	NOUN
epaa-281	79	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	79	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	79	6	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-281	79	7	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	79	8	initially	initially	ADV
epaa-281	79	9	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	79	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	79	11	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	79	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	79	13	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	79	14	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	79	15	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-281	79	16	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-281	79	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	79	18	negatively	negatively	ADV
epaa-281	79	19	influenced	influence	VERB
epaa-281	79	20	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	79	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	79	22	'	'	PART
epaa-281	79	23	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	79	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	79	25	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	79	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	80	1	once	once	ADV
epaa-281	80	2	my	my	PRON
epaa-281	80	3	gaze	gaze	NOUN
epaa-281	80	4	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-281	80	5	only	only	ADV
epaa-281	80	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	80	7	those	those	DET
epaa-281	80	8	works	work	NOUN
epaa-281	80	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	80	10	could	could	AUX
epaa-281	80	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	80	12	identified	identify	VERB
epaa-281	80	13	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	80	14	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	80	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	80	16	however	however	ADV
epaa-281	80	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	80	18	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-281	80	19	support	support	NOUN
epaa-281	80	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	80	21	the	the	DET
epaa-281	80	22	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-281	80	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	80	24	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	80	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	80	26	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	80	27	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	80	28	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-281	80	29	influences	influence	VERB
epaa-281	80	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	80	31	'	'	PART
epaa-281	80	32	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	80	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	80	34	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	80	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	80	36	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	80	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	80	38	popham	popham	NOUN
epaa-281	80	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	80	40	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-281	80	41	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	80	42	resnick	resnick	PROPN
epaa-281	80	43	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	80	44	resnick	resnick	PROPN
epaa-281	80	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	80	46	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-281	80	47	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	80	48	seemed	seem	VERB
epaa-281	80	49	to	to	PART
epaa-281	80	50	vanish	vanish	VERB
epaa-281	80	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	81	1	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-281	81	2	confirmed	confirm	VERB
epaa-281	81	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	81	4	all	all	PRON
epaa-281	81	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	81	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	81	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	81	8	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	81	9	analyzed	analyze	VERB
epaa-281	81	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	81	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	81	12	notion	notion	NOUN
epaa-281	81	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	81	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	81	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	81	16	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	81	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	81	18	do	do	AUX
epaa-281	81	19	matter	matter	VERB
epaa-281	81	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	81	21	do	do	AUX
epaa-281	81	22	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-281	81	23	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	81	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	81	25	say	say	VERB
epaa-281	81	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	81	27	do	do	VERB
epaa-281	81	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	82	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	82	2	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	82	3	there	there	PRON
epaa-281	82	4	is	be	VERB
epaa-281	82	5	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-281	82	6	agreement	agreement	NOUN
epaa-281	82	7	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	82	8	a	a	DET
epaa-281	82	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	82	10	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	82	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	82	12	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	82	13	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	82	14	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-281	82	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	82	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	82	17	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-281	82	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	82	19	that	that	DET
epaa-281	82	20	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	82	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	82	22	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	82	23	complicated	complicated	ADJ
epaa-281	82	24	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	82	25	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-281	82	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	83	1	some	some	DET
epaa-281	83	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	83	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	83	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	83	5	example	example	NOUN
epaa-281	83	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	83	7	contend	contend	VERB
epaa-281	83	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	83	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	83	10	'	'	PART
epaa-281	83	11	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	83	12	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	83	13	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	83	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	83	15	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	83	16	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	83	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	83	18	mostly	mostly	ADV
epaa-281	83	19	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-281	83	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	83	21	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
epaa-281	83	22	others	other	NOUN
epaa-281	83	23	say	say	VERB
epaa-281	83	24	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	83	25	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	83	26	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	83	27	mixed	mixed	ADJ
epaa-281	83	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	84	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
epaa-281	84	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	84	3	this	this	DET
epaa-281	84	4	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-281	84	5	body	body	NOUN
epaa-281	84	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	84	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	84	8	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	84	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	84	10	there	there	PRON
epaa-281	84	11	are	be	VERB
epaa-281	84	12	those	those	PRON
epaa-281	84	13	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	84	14	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-281	84	15	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	84	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	84	17	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	84	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	84	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	84	20	having	have	VERB
epaa-281	84	21	a	a	DET
epaa-281	84	22	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-281	84	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	84	24	wide	wide	ADV
epaa-281	84	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	84	26	ranging	range	VERB
epaa-281	84	27	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	84	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	84	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	84	30	'	'	PART
epaa-281	84	31	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-281	84	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	84	33	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	84	34	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	84	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	84	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	84	37	those	those	PRON
epaa-281	84	38	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	84	39	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-281	84	40	the	the	DET
epaa-281	84	41	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	84	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	84	43	6	6	NUM
epaa-281	84	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	84	45	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	84	46	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	84	47	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	84	48	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	84	49	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	84	50	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	84	51	overstated	overstate	VERB
epaa-281	84	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	84	53	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-281	84	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	85	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	85	2	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	85	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	85	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	85	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	85	6	analyzed	analyze	VERB
epaa-281	85	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	85	8	this	this	DET
epaa-281	85	9	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-281	85	10	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	85	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	85	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	85	13	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-281	85	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	85	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	85	16	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	85	17	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	85	18	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	85	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	85	20	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	85	21	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	85	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	85	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	85	24	'	'	PART
epaa-281	85	25	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	85	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	85	27	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	85	28	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	85	29	neither	neither	CCONJ
epaa-281	85	30	simple	simple	ADJ
epaa-281	85	31	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-281	85	32	easy	easy	ADJ
epaa-281	85	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	85	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	85	35	need	need	NOUN
epaa-281	85	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	85	37	further	further	ADJ
epaa-281	85	38	clarification	clarification	NOUN
epaa-281	85	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	85	40	qualification	qualification	NOUN
epaa-281	85	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	86	2	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-281	86	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	86	4	wide	wide	ADV
epaa-281	86	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	6	ranging	range	VERB
epaa-281	86	7	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	86	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	86	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	86	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	11	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	86	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	86	13	brown	brown	NOUN
epaa-281	86	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	15	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	86	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	17	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-281	86	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	20	romberg	romberg	PROPN
epaa-281	86	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	22	zarinnia	zarinnia	PROPN
epaa-281	86	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	86	25	williams	williams	PROPN
epaa-281	86	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	27	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	86	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	30	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	86	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	32	edelsky	edelsky	NOUN
epaa-281	86	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	34	draper	draper	NOUN
epaa-281	86	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	36	rottenberg	rottenberg	NOUN
epaa-281	86	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	86	39	cherland	cherland	NOUN
epaa-281	86	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	41	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	86	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	86	45	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	86	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	47	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	86	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	49	contend	contend	VERB
epaa-281	86	50	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	86	51	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	86	52	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	53	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	86	54	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	86	55	greatly	greatly	ADV
epaa-281	86	56	influences	influence	VERB
epaa-281	86	57	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	86	58	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	86	59	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	86	60	work	work	NOUN
epaa-281	86	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	86	62	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	86	63	does	do	VERB
epaa-281	86	64	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	86	65	negatively	negatively	ADV
epaa-281	86	66	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	1	drawbacks	drawback	NOUN
epaa-281	87	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	87	3	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	87	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	5	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	87	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	87	7	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	87	8	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	87	9	the	the	DET
epaa-281	87	10	:	:	SYM
epaa-281	87	11	1	1	NUM
epaa-281	87	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	13	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
epaa-281	87	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	87	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	87	16	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	87	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	87	18	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	87	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	20	2	2	X
epaa-281	87	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	22	fostering	foster	VERB
epaa-281	87	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	87	24	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
epaa-281	87	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	26	confusion	confusion	NOUN
epaa-281	87	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	28	fear	fear	NOUN
epaa-281	87	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	30	shame	shame	NOUN
epaa-281	87	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	32	anger	anger	NOUN
epaa-281	87	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	34	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-281	87	35	mistrust	mistrust	NOUN
epaa-281	87	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	37	3	3	X
epaa-281	87	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	39	deskilling	deskilling	NOUN
epaa-281	87	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	87	41	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	87	42	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-281	87	43	a	a	DET
epaa-281	87	44	perception	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	87	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	87	46	powerlessness	powerlessness	NOUN
epaa-281	87	47	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	48	4	4	X
epaa-281	87	49	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	50	the	the	DET
epaa-281	87	51	invalidity	invalidity	NOUN
epaa-281	87	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	87	53	inadequacies	inadequacy	NOUN
epaa-281	87	54	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	87	55	these	these	DET
epaa-281	87	56	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	87	57	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	87	58	accurate	accurate	ADJ
epaa-281	87	59	measurements	measurement	NOUN
epaa-281	87	60	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	87	61	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	87	62	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	87	63	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-281	87	64	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	87	65	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-281	87	66	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	67	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	87	68	5	5	X
epaa-281	87	69	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	87	70	loss	loss	NOUN
epaa-281	87	71	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	87	72	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	87	73	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	87	74	due	due	ADP
epaa-281	87	75	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	87	76	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	87	77	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-281	87	78	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	87	79	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	87	80	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	88	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	88	2	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	88	3	's	's	PART
epaa-281	88	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	88	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	88	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	88	7	work	work	NOUN
epaa-281	88	8	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-281	88	9	corroborates	corroborate	VERB
epaa-281	88	10	these	these	DET
epaa-281	88	11	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	88	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	88	13	he	he	PRON
epaa-281	88	14	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	88	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	88	16	not	not	PART
epaa-281	88	17	all	all	DET
epaa-281	88	18	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	88	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	88	20	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	88	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	88	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	88	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	88	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	88	25	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-281	88	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	89	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	89	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	89	3	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
epaa-281	89	4	to	to	PART
epaa-281	89	5	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-281	89	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	89	7	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	89	8	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-281	89	9	these	these	DET
epaa-281	89	10	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	89	11	further	far	ADV
epaa-281	89	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	1	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	90	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	90	3	open	open	ADJ
epaa-281	90	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	5	ended	end	VERB
epaa-281	90	6	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	90	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-281	90	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	90	9	30	30	NUM
epaa-281	90	10	fifth	fifth	ADJ
epaa-281	90	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	90	12	sixth	sixth	ADJ
epaa-281	90	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	14	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	90	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	90	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	90	17	twelve	twelve	NUM
epaa-281	90	18	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	90	19	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	90	20	states	state	NOUN
epaa-281	90	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	90	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	90	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	24	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	90	25	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	90	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	27	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	90	28	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	90	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	30	i.e.	i.e.	X
epaa-281	90	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	32	tennessee	tennessee	PROPN
epaa-281	90	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	34	illinois	illinois	PROPN
epaa-281	90	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	90	37	new	new	PROPN
epaa-281	90	38	york	york	PROPN
epaa-281	90	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	41	brown	brown	ADJ
epaa-281	90	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	43	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	90	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	45	found	find	VERB
epaa-281	90	46	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	90	47	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	48	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	90	49	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	90	50	altering	alter	VERB
epaa-281	90	51	the	the	DET
epaa-281	90	52	scope	scope	NOUN
epaa-281	90	53	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	90	54	sequence	sequence	NOUN
epaa-281	90	55	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	90	56	the	the	DET
epaa-281	90	57	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	90	58	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	90	59	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
epaa-281	90	60	concepts	concept	NOUN
epaa-281	90	61	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	90	62	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	90	63	not	not	PART
epaa-281	90	64	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-281	90	65	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	90	66	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	90	67	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	90	68	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	69	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	70	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	90	71	13	13	NUM
epaa-281	90	72	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	90	73	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	91	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
epaa-281	91	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	91	3	participants	participant	NOUN
epaa-281	91	4	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	91	5	a	a	DET
epaa-281	91	6	reluctance	reluctance	NOUN
epaa-281	91	7	to	to	PART
epaa-281	91	8	use	use	VERB
epaa-281	91	9	innovative	innovative	ADJ
epaa-281	91	10	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	91	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-281	91	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	91	13	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	91	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	91	15	whole	whole	ADJ
epaa-281	91	16	language	language	NOUN
epaa-281	91	17	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-281	91	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	91	19	cooperative	cooperative	ADJ
epaa-281	91	20	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	91	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	91	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	91	23	order	order	NOUN
epaa-281	91	24	thinking	think	VERB
epaa-281	91	25	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	91	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	91	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	91	28	mentioned	mention	VERB
epaa-281	91	29	the	the	DET
epaa-281	91	30	use	use	NOUN
epaa-281	91	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	91	32	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	91	33	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-281	91	34	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	91	35	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-281	91	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	91	37	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	91	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	91	39	lecture	lecture	NOUN
epaa-281	91	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	91	41	recitation	recitation	NOUN
epaa-281	91	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	91	43	due	due	ADP
epaa-281	91	44	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	91	45	the	the	DET
epaa-281	91	46	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	91	47	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	91	48	these	these	DET
epaa-281	91	49	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-281	91	50	would	would	AUX
epaa-281	91	51	better	well	ADV
epaa-281	91	52	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-281	91	53	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	91	54	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	91	55	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	91	56	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	91	57	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	92	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	92	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	92	3	14	14	NUM
epaa-281	92	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	92	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	92	6	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	92	7	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	92	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	92	9	eighth	eighth	ADJ
epaa-281	92	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	92	11	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	92	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	92	13	'	'	PART
epaa-281	92	14	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	92	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	92	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	92	17	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	92	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	92	19	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	92	20	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	92	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	92	22	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-281	92	23	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	92	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	92	25	romberg	romberg	PROPN
epaa-281	92	26	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	92	27	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	92	28	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	93	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	93	2	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	93	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	93	4	found	find	VERB
epaa-281	93	5	much	much	ADJ
epaa-281	93	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	93	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	93	8	same	same	ADJ
epaa-281	93	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	93	10	an	an	DET
epaa-281	93	11	earlier	early	ADJ
epaa-281	93	12	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	93	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	94	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	94	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	94	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	94	4	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	94	5	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	94	6	said	say	VERB
epaa-281	94	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	94	8	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	94	9	devoted	devote	VERB
epaa-281	94	10	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	94	11	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	94	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	94	13	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-281	94	14	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	94	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	94	16	less	less	ADJ
epaa-281	94	17	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	94	18	given	give	VERB
epaa-281	94	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	94	20	creative	creative	ADJ
epaa-281	94	21	projects	project	NOUN
epaa-281	94	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	94	23	cooperative	cooperative	ADJ
epaa-281	94	24	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	94	25	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	94	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	94	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	94	28	computer	computer	NOUN
epaa-281	94	29	use	use	NOUN
epaa-281	94	30	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	94	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	94	32	the	the	DET
epaa-281	94	33	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	94	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	94	35	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	94	36	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	94	37	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	94	38	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	94	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	1	drawing	draw	VERB
epaa-281	95	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	95	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	95	4	same	same	ADJ
epaa-281	95	5	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-281	95	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	95	7	his	his	PRON
epaa-281	95	8	earlier	early	ADJ
epaa-281	95	9	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	95	10	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	95	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	12	brown	brown	ADJ
epaa-281	95	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	14	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-281	95	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	16	indicates	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	95	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	95	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	95	19	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	95	20	feeling	feel	VERB
epaa-281	95	21	confused	confused	ADJ
epaa-281	95	22	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	95	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	95	24	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-281	95	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	95	26	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	95	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	28	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	95	29	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	95	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	31	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-281	95	32	themselves	themselves	PRON
epaa-281	95	33	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	95	34	powerless	powerless	ADJ
epaa-281	95	35	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	95	36	the	the	DET
epaa-281	95	37	face	face	NOUN
epaa-281	95	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	95	39	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	95	40	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	41	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	95	42	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	95	43	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	95	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	45	mistrusted	mistrust	VERB
epaa-281	95	46	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	95	47	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	95	48	departments	department	NOUN
epaa-281	95	49	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	95	50	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	95	51	legislators	legislator	NOUN
epaa-281	95	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	53	questioned	question	VERB
epaa-281	95	54	the	the	DET
epaa-281	95	55	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-281	95	56	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	95	57	the	the	DET
epaa-281	95	58	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	95	59	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	95	60	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-281	95	61	student	student	NOUN
epaa-281	95	62	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-281	95	63	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	64	expressed	express	VERB
epaa-281	95	65	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-281	95	66	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	95	67	the	the	DET
epaa-281	95	68	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	95	69	results	result	NOUN
epaa-281	95	70	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	95	71	overemphasized	overemphasize	VERB
epaa-281	95	72	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	95	73	those	those	PRON
epaa-281	95	74	mainly	mainly	ADV
epaa-281	95	75	outside	outside	ADP
epaa-281	95	76	the	the	DET
epaa-281	95	77	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-281	95	78	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	79	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	95	80	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	81	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-281	95	82	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	83	the	the	DET
epaa-281	95	84	media	medium	NOUN
epaa-281	95	85	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	86	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	95	87	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	95	88	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	95	89	not	not	PART
epaa-281	95	90	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-281	95	91	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	95	92	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	95	93	to	to	PART
epaa-281	95	94	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	95	95	an	an	DET
epaa-281	95	96	accurate	accurate	ADJ
epaa-281	95	97	measure	measure	NOUN
epaa-281	95	98	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	95	99	student	student	NOUN
epaa-281	95	100	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	95	101	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	95	102	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	95	103	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-281	95	104	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	96	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	96	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	96	3	result	result	NOUN
epaa-281	96	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	96	5	these	these	DET
epaa-281	96	6	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	96	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	96	8	brown	brown	NOUN
epaa-281	96	9	concludes	conclude	VERB
epaa-281	96	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	96	11	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	96	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	96	13	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	96	14	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	96	15	negatively	negatively	ADV
epaa-281	96	16	impacted	impact	VERB
epaa-281	96	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	96	18	'	'	PART
epaa-281	96	19	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	96	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	96	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	96	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	96	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	96	24	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-281	96	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	96	26	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	96	27	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	96	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	96	29	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	96	30	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	96	31	mandates	mandate	NOUN
epaa-281	96	32	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	96	33	interpreted	interpret	VERB
epaa-281	96	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	96	35	implemented	implement	VERB
epaa-281	96	36	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	96	37	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	96	38	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	96	39	the	the	DET
epaa-281	96	40	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	96	41	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	96	42	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	96	43	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	96	44	a	a	DET
epaa-281	96	45	number	number	NOUN
epaa-281	96	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	96	47	barriers	barrier	NOUN
epaa-281	96	48	existed	exist	VERB
epaa-281	96	49	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	96	50	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	96	51	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	96	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	96	53	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	96	54	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	96	55	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	96	56	makers	maker	NOUN
epaa-281	96	57	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	97	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	97	2	general	general	ADJ
epaa-281	97	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	97	4	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	97	5	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	97	6	a	a	DET
epaa-281	97	7	growing	grow	VERB
epaa-281	97	8	distrust	distrust	NOUN
epaa-281	97	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	97	10	a	a	DET
epaa-281	97	11	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-281	97	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	97	13	faith	faith	NOUN
epaa-281	97	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	97	15	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-281	97	16	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	97	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	97	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	97	19	above	above	ADV
epaa-281	97	20	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	97	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	97	22	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	97	23	29	29	NUM
epaa-281	97	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	97	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	98	1	7	7	NUM
epaa-281	98	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	98	3	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	98	4	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	98	5	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	98	6	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	98	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	98	8	's	's	PART
epaa-281	98	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	98	10	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	98	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	98	12	15	15	NUM
epaa-281	98	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	98	14	month	month	NOUN
epaa-281	98	15	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	98	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	98	17	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	98	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	98	19	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	98	20	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	98	21	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	98	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	98	23	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	98	24	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-281	98	25	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	98	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	98	27	a	a	DET
epaa-281	98	28	phoenix	phoenix	PROPN
epaa-281	98	29	metropolitan	metropolitan	PROPN
epaa-281	98	30	district	district	PROPN
epaa-281	98	31	revealed	reveal	VERB
epaa-281	98	32	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	98	33	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	98	34	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	98	35	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	98	36	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	98	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	98	38	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	98	39	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	98	40	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-281	98	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	98	42	negatively	negatively	ADV
epaa-281	98	43	influenced	influence	VERB
epaa-281	98	44	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	98	45	'	'	PART
epaa-281	98	46	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	98	47	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	98	48	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	98	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	99	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	99	2	this	this	DET
epaa-281	99	3	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	99	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	99	5	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	99	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	99	7	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	99	8	colleagues	colleague	NOUN
epaa-281	99	9	interviewed	interview	VERB
epaa-281	99	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	99	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	99	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	99	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	99	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	99	15	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-281	99	16	as	as	ADV
epaa-281	99	17	well	well	ADV
epaa-281	99	18	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	99	19	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-281	99	20	observed	observe	VERB
epaa-281	99	21	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	99	22	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	99	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	99	24	meetings	meeting	NOUN
epaa-281	99	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	99	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	99	27	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	99	28	life	life	NOUN
epaa-281	99	29	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-281	99	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	100	1	key	key	ADJ
epaa-281	100	2	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	100	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	100	4	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-281	100	5	summarized	summarize	VERB
epaa-281	100	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	100	7	rottenberg	rottenberg	PROPN
epaa-281	100	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	100	9	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	100	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	100	11	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-281	100	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	100	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	100	14	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	100	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	100	16	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	100	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	100	18	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	100	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	100	20	encouraged	encourage	VERB
epaa-281	100	21	use	use	NOUN
epaa-281	100	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	100	23	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	100	24	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-281	100	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	100	26	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-281	100	27	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	100	28	resembled	resemble	VERB
epaa-281	100	29	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	100	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	101	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	101	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-281	101	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	101	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	101	5	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	101	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	101	7	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-281	101	8	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	101	9	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	101	10	fell	fall	VERB
epaa-281	101	11	slightly	slightly	ADV
epaa-281	101	12	short	short	ADJ
epaa-281	101	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	101	14	a	a	DET
epaa-281	101	15	year	year	NOUN
epaa-281	101	16	's	's	PART
epaa-281	101	17	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-281	101	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	101	19	language	language	NOUN
epaa-281	101	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	101	21	the	the	DET
epaa-281	101	22	principal	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	101	23	created	create	VERB
epaa-281	101	24	a	a	DET
epaa-281	101	25	daily	daily	ADJ
epaa-281	101	26	review	review	NOUN
epaa-281	101	27	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	101	28	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	101	29	required	require	VERB
epaa-281	101	30	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	101	31	to	to	PART
epaa-281	101	32	answer	answer	VERB
epaa-281	101	33	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-281	101	34	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	101	35	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-281	101	36	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-281	101	37	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	101	38	grammar	grammar	NOUN
epaa-281	101	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	101	40	usage	usage	NOUN
epaa-281	101	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	101	42	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
epaa-281	101	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	101	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	101	45	capitalization	capitalization	NOUN
epaa-281	101	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	102	1	a	a	DET
epaa-281	102	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-281	102	3	finding	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	102	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	102	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	102	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	102	7	neglected	neglect	VERB
epaa-281	102	8	material	material	NOUN
epaa-281	102	9	not	not	PART
epaa-281	102	10	included	include	VERB
epaa-281	102	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	102	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	102	13	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	102	14	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	102	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-281	103	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	103	4	spent	spend	VERB
epaa-281	103	5	little	little	ADJ
epaa-281	103	6	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	103	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	103	8	science	science	NOUN
epaa-281	103	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	10	social	social	ADJ
epaa-281	103	11	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	103	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	103	14	writing	write	VERB
epaa-281	103	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	16	concentrating	concentrate	VERB
epaa-281	103	17	instead	instead	ADV
epaa-281	103	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	103	19	those	those	DET
epaa-281	103	20	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	103	21	tested	test	VERB
epaa-281	103	22	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	103	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	103	24	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	103	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	26	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	103	27	iowa	iowa	PROPN
epaa-281	103	28	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	103	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	103	30	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-281	103	31	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	103	32	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	33	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-281	103	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	35	word	word	NOUN
epaa-281	103	36	recognition	recognition	NOUN
epaa-281	103	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	38	recognition	recognition	NOUN
epaa-281	103	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	103	40	errors	error	NOUN
epaa-281	103	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	103	42	spelling	spelling	NOUN
epaa-281	103	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	44	usage	usage	NOUN
epaa-281	103	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	46	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
epaa-281	103	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	103	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	103	49	arithmetic	arithmetic	ADJ
epaa-281	103	50	operations	operation	NOUN
epaa-281	103	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	104	1	third	third	ADJ
epaa-281	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	104	3	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	104	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	104	5	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	104	6	colleagues	colleague	NOUN
epaa-281	104	7	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-281	104	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	104	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	104	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	104	11	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	104	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	104	13	reduced	reduce	VERB
epaa-281	104	14	the	the	DET
epaa-281	104	15	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	104	16	available	available	ADJ
epaa-281	104	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	104	18	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	104	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	104	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	105	1	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	105	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	105	3	observations	observation	NOUN
epaa-281	105	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	105	5	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	105	6	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	105	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	105	8	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	105	9	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-281	105	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	105	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	105	12	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	105	13	devoted	devote	VERB
epaa-281	105	14	to	to	PART
epaa-281	105	15	test	test	VERB
epaa-281	105	16	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-281	105	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	105	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	105	19	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	105	20	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
epaa-281	105	21	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	105	22	100	100	NUM
epaa-281	105	23	hours	hour	NOUN
epaa-281	105	24	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	105	25	approximately	approximately	ADV
epaa-281	105	26	three	three	NUM
epaa-281	105	27	to	to	PART
epaa-281	105	28	four	four	NUM
epaa-281	105	29	weeks	week	NOUN
epaa-281	105	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	105	31	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	105	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	106	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	106	2	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-281	106	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	106	4	pressures	pressure	NOUN
epaa-281	106	5	stemming	stem	VERB
epaa-281	106	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	106	7	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-281	106	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	106	9	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	106	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	106	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	106	12	need	need	NOUN
epaa-281	106	13	to	to	PART
epaa-281	106	14	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-281	106	15	student	student	NOUN
epaa-281	106	16	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	106	17	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	106	18	these	these	DET
epaa-281	106	19	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	106	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	106	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	106	22	also	also	ADV
epaa-281	106	23	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	106	24	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-281	106	25	stemming	stem	VERB
epaa-281	106	26	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	106	27	the	the	DET
epaa-281	106	28	publishing	publishing	NOUN
epaa-281	106	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	106	30	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	106	31	results	result	NOUN
epaa-281	106	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	106	33	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN
epaa-281	106	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	106	35	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	106	36	television	television	NOUN
epaa-281	106	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	106	38	the	the	DET
epaa-281	106	39	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
epaa-281	106	40	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-281	106	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	106	42	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	106	43	among	among	ADP
epaa-281	106	44	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	106	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	106	46	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	106	47	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-281	106	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	107	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	107	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	107	3	result	result	NOUN
epaa-281	107	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	107	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	107	6	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	107	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	107	8	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	107	9	altered	alter	VERB
epaa-281	107	10	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	107	11	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	107	12	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-281	107	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	107	14	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-281	107	15	emphases	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-281	107	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	107	17	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-281	107	18	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	107	19	thought	think	VERB
epaa-281	107	20	would	would	AUX
epaa-281	107	21	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-281	107	22	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	107	23	'	'	PART
epaa-281	107	24	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	107	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	108	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	108	3	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-281	108	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	5	up	up	ADP
epaa-281	108	6	report	report	NOUN
epaa-281	108	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	108	8	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	108	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	10	smith	smith	NOUN
epaa-281	108	11	draws	draw	VERB
epaa-281	108	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	108	13	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	108	14	earlier	early	ADJ
epaa-281	108	15	work	work	NOUN
epaa-281	108	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	17	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	108	18	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	108	19	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	108	20	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	108	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	22	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	108	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	108	25	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	108	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	108	27	haas	haas	PROPN
epaa-281	108	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	29	haladyna	haladyna	NOUN
epaa-281	108	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	108	31	nolen	nolen	PROPN
epaa-281	108	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	33	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	108	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	108	36	nolen	nolen	PROPN
epaa-281	108	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	38	haladyna	haladyna	PROPN
epaa-281	108	39	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	108	40	haas	haas	PROPN
epaa-281	108	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	42	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	108	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	108	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	109	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	109	2	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	109	3	latter	latter	ADJ
epaa-281	109	4	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	109	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	109	6	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	109	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	109	8	surveys	survey	NOUN
epaa-281	109	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	109	10	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	109	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	109	12	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-281	109	13	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	109	14	statewide	statewide	ADV
epaa-281	109	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	110	1	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	110	2	states	state	VERB
epaa-281	110	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	110	4	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	110	5	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	110	6	work	work	NOUN
epaa-281	110	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	110	8	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	110	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	110	10	haas	haas	PROPN
epaa-281	110	11	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	110	12	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	110	13	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	111	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	111	2	nolen	nolen	PROPN
epaa-281	111	3	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	111	4	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	111	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	111	6	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	111	7	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-281	111	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	111	9	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	111	10	conception	conception	NOUN
epaa-281	111	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	111	12	method	method	NOUN
epaa-281	111	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	111	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	111	15	execution	execution	NOUN
epaa-281	111	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	111	17	the	the	DET
epaa-281	111	18	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	111	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	111	20	these	these	DET
epaa-281	111	21	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	111	22	confirm	confirm	VERB
epaa-281	111	23	her	she	PRON
epaa-281	111	24	own	own	ADJ
epaa-281	111	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	112	1	hence	hence	ADV
epaa-281	112	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	112	3	she	she	PRON
epaa-281	112	4	combines	combine	VERB
epaa-281	112	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	112	6	information	information	NOUN
epaa-281	112	7	gained	gain	VERB
epaa-281	112	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	112	9	these	these	DET
epaa-281	112	10	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	112	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	112	12	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-281	112	13	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	112	14	she	she	PRON
epaa-281	112	15	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	112	16	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	112	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	112	18	unclear	unclear	ADJ
epaa-281	112	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	112	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	112	21	suggesting	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	112	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	112	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	112	24	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	112	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	112	26	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	112	27	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	112	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	112	29	fall	fall	VERB
epaa-281	112	30	into	into	ADP
epaa-281	112	31	not	not	PART
epaa-281	112	32	three	three	NUM
epaa-281	112	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	112	34	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	112	35	six	six	NUM
epaa-281	112	36	categories	category	NOUN
epaa-281	112	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	113	1	3	3	NUM
epaa-281	113	2	according	accord	VERB
epaa-281	113	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	113	4	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	113	5	's	's	PART
epaa-281	113	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	113	7	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	113	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	113	9	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-281	113	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	113	11	up	up	ADP
epaa-281	113	12	report	report	NOUN
epaa-281	113	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	113	14	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	113	15	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	113	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	113	17	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	113	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	113	19	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	113	20	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	113	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	113	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	113	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	113	24	experience	experience	VERB
epaa-281	113	25	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-281	113	26	emotions	emotion	NOUN
epaa-281	113	27	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	113	28	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	113	29	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
epaa-281	113	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	113	31	shame	shame	NOUN
epaa-281	113	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	113	33	embarrassment	embarrassment	NOUN
epaa-281	113	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	113	35	guilt	guilt	NOUN
epaa-281	113	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	113	37	anger	anger	NOUN
epaa-281	113	38	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	113	39	a	a	DET
epaa-281	113	40	result	result	NOUN
epaa-281	113	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	113	42	the	the	DET
epaa-281	113	43	publication	publication	NOUN
epaa-281	113	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	113	45	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	113	46	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	113	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	114	1	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	114	2	explains	explain	VERB
epaa-281	114	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	114	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	114	5	many	many	ADJ
epaa-281	114	6	express	express	VERB
epaa-281	114	7	frustration	frustration	NOUN
epaa-281	114	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	114	9	feel	feel	VERB
epaa-281	114	10	off	off	ADP
epaa-281	114	11	balance	balance	NOUN
epaa-281	114	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	114	13	out	out	ADP
epaa-281	114	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	114	15	control	control	NOUN
epaa-281	114	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	114	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	114	18	held	hold	VERB
epaa-281	114	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	114	20	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	114	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	114	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	114	23	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	114	24	the	the	DET
epaa-281	114	25	truth	truth	NOUN
epaa-281	114	26	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	114	27	known	know	VERB
epaa-281	114	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	114	29	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	114	30	technically	technically	ADV
epaa-281	114	31	impossible	impossible	ADJ
epaa-281	114	32	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-281	114	33	them	they	PRON
epaa-281	114	34	to	to	PART
epaa-281	114	35	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-281	114	36	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	114	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	114	38	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	114	39	9	9	NUM
epaa-281	114	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	114	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	115	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-281	115	2	says	say	VERB
epaa-281	115	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	115	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	115	5	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-281	115	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	115	7	editorial	editorial	ADJ
epaa-281	115	8	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-281	115	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	115	10	media	medium	NOUN
epaa-281	115	11	coverage	coverage	NOUN
epaa-281	115	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	115	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	115	14	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	115	15	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-281	115	16	to	to	PART
epaa-281	115	17	fuel	fuel	VERB
epaa-281	115	18	dominant	dominant	ADJ
epaa-281	115	19	public	public	ADJ
epaa-281	115	20	perception	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	115	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	115	22	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-281	115	23	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	115	24	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	115	25	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-281	115	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	115	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	115	28	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	115	29	not	not	PART
epaa-281	115	30	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-281	115	31	hard	hard	ADV
epaa-281	115	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	115	33	working	work	VERB
epaa-281	115	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	115	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	115	36	the	the	DET
epaa-281	115	37	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	115	38	bureaucracy	bureaucracy	NOUN
epaa-281	115	39	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	115	40	inept	inept	ADJ
epaa-281	115	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	116	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	116	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	116	3	result	result	NOUN
epaa-281	116	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	116	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	116	6	seek	seek	VERB
epaa-281	116	7	to	to	PART
epaa-281	116	8	avoid	avoid	VERB
epaa-281	116	9	feelings	feeling	NOUN
epaa-281	116	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	116	11	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
epaa-281	116	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	116	13	shame	shame	NOUN
epaa-281	116	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	116	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	116	16	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-281	116	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	116	18	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	116	19	reports	report	VERB
epaa-281	116	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	116	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	116	22	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	116	23	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-281	116	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	116	25	the	the	DET
epaa-281	116	26	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	116	27	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	116	28	so	so	SCONJ
epaa-281	116	29	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	116	30	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	116	31	'	'	PART
epaa-281	116	32	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	116	33	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-281	116	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	116	35	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	116	36	9	9	NUM
epaa-281	116	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	116	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	117	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	117	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-281	117	3	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	117	4	relates	relate	VERB
epaa-281	117	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	117	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	117	7	'	'	PART
epaa-281	117	8	feelings	feeling	NOUN
epaa-281	117	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	117	10	dissonance	dissonance	NOUN
epaa-281	117	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	117	12	alienation	alienation	NOUN
epaa-281	117	13	stemming	stem	VERB
epaa-281	117	14	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	117	15	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	117	16	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	117	17	the	the	DET
epaa-281	117	18	invalidity	invalidity	NOUN
epaa-281	117	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	117	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	117	21	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	117	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	117	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	117	24	need	need	NOUN
epaa-281	117	25	to	to	PART
epaa-281	117	26	raise	raise	VERB
epaa-281	117	27	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	117	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	118	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	118	2	short	short	ADJ
epaa-281	118	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	118	4	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	118	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	118	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	118	7	mismatch	mismatch	NOUN
epaa-281	118	8	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	118	9	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	118	10	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	118	11	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-281	118	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	118	13	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	118	14	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	118	15	tested	test	VERB
epaa-281	118	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	118	17	the	the	DET
epaa-281	118	18	numeric	numeric	ADJ
epaa-281	118	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	118	20	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	118	21	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	118	22	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-281	118	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	118	24	having	have	VERB
epaa-281	118	25	little	little	ADJ
epaa-281	118	26	value	value	NOUN
epaa-281	118	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	118	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	118	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	119	1	third	third	ADV
epaa-281	119	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	119	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	119	4	felt	feel	VERB
epaa-281	119	5	anxious	anxious	ADJ
epaa-281	119	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	119	7	guilty	guilty	ADJ
epaa-281	119	8	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	119	9	the	the	DET
epaa-281	119	10	emotional	emotional	ADJ
epaa-281	119	11	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-281	119	12	these	these	DET
epaa-281	119	13	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	119	14	had	have	VERB
epaa-281	119	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	119	16	young	young	ADJ
epaa-281	119	17	children	child	NOUN
epaa-281	119	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	120	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
epaa-281	120	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	120	3	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	120	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	120	5	careful	careful	ADJ
epaa-281	120	6	to	to	PART
epaa-281	120	7	point	point	VERB
epaa-281	120	8	out	out	ADP
epaa-281	120	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	120	10	not	not	PART
epaa-281	120	11	every	every	DET
epaa-281	120	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	120	13	shared	share	VERB
epaa-281	120	14	these	these	DET
epaa-281	120	15	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	120	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	120	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	120	18	the	the	DET
epaa-281	120	19	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	120	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	120	21	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	120	22	varied	varied	ADJ
epaa-281	120	23	across	across	ADP
epaa-281	120	24	different	different	ADJ
epaa-281	120	25	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	120	26	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-281	120	27	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	120	28	8	8	NUM
epaa-281	120	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	120	30	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	120	31	unlike	unlike	ADP
epaa-281	120	32	the	the	DET
epaa-281	120	33	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	120	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	120	35	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-281	120	36	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	120	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	120	38	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	120	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	120	40	older	old	ADJ
epaa-281	120	41	pupils	pupil	NOUN
epaa-281	120	42	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	120	43	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	120	44	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-281	120	45	to	to	PART
epaa-281	120	46	dismiss	dismiss	VERB
epaa-281	120	47	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-281	120	48	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	120	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	120	50	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	120	51	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	120	52	pupils	pupil	NOUN
epaa-281	120	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	121	1	instead	instead	ADV
epaa-281	121	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	121	3	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	121	4	frequently	frequently	ADV
epaa-281	121	5	complain	complain	VERB
epaa-281	121	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	121	7	pupils	pupil	NOUN
epaa-281	121	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	121	9	blowing	blow	VERB
epaa-281	121	10	off	off	ADP
epaa-281	121	11	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	121	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	121	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	121	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	121	15	having	have	VERB
epaa-281	121	16	no	no	DET
epaa-281	121	17	incentive	incentive	NOUN
epaa-281	121	18	to	to	PART
epaa-281	121	19	put	put	VERB
epaa-281	121	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	121	21	the	the	DET
epaa-281	121	22	effort	effort	NOUN
epaa-281	121	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	121	24	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	121	25	require	require	VERB
epaa-281	121	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	122	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	122	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	122	3	9	9	NUM
epaa-281	122	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	122	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	122	6	fourth	fourth	ADJ
epaa-281	122	7	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	122	8	smith	smith	NOUN
epaa-281	122	9	reports	report	VERB
epaa-281	122	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	122	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	122	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	122	13	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	122	14	reduce	reduce	VERB
epaa-281	122	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	122	16	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	122	17	available	available	ADJ
epaa-281	122	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	122	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	122	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	123	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	123	2	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	123	3	taken	take	VERB
epaa-281	123	4	up	up	ADP
epaa-281	123	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	123	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	123	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	123	8	she	she	PRON
epaa-281	123	9	summarizes	summarize	VERB
epaa-281	123	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	123	11	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	123	12	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-281	123	13	reduces	reduce	VERB
epaa-281	123	14	the	the	DET
epaa-281	123	15	capacity	capacity	NOUN
epaa-281	123	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	123	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	123	18	to	to	PART
epaa-281	123	19	adapt	adapt	VERB
epaa-281	123	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	123	21	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	123	22	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
epaa-281	123	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	123	24	needs	need	NOUN
epaa-281	123	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	123	26	pupils	pupil	NOUN
epaa-281	123	27	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	123	28	to	to	PART
epaa-281	123	29	exercise	exercise	VERB
epaa-281	123	30	any	any	DET
epaa-281	123	31	discretion	discretion	NOUN
epaa-281	123	32	over	over	ADP
epaa-281	123	33	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	123	34	to	to	PART
epaa-281	123	35	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	123	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	123	37	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	123	38	to	to	PART
epaa-281	123	39	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	123	40	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	123	41	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	123	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	123	43	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	123	44	10	10	NUM
epaa-281	123	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	123	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	124	1	fifth	fifth	ADJ
epaa-281	124	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	124	3	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	124	4	notes	note	VERB
epaa-281	124	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	124	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	124	7	'	'	PART
epaa-281	124	8	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-281	124	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	124	10	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	124	11	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	124	12	results	result	NOUN
epaa-281	124	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	124	14	a	a	DET
epaa-281	124	15	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
epaa-281	124	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	124	17	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-281	124	18	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	124	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	124	20	a	a	DET
epaa-281	124	21	reduction	reduction	NOUN
epaa-281	124	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	124	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	124	24	'	'	PART
epaa-281	124	25	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-281	124	26	to	to	PART
epaa-281	124	27	adapt	adapt	VERB
epaa-281	124	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	124	29	create	create	VERB
epaa-281	124	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	124	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	124	32	diverge	diverge	VERB
epaa-281	124	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	124	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	124	35	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	124	36	10	10	NUM
epaa-281	124	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	124	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	125	1	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	125	2	states	state	VERB
epaa-281	125	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	125	4	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	125	5	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-281	125	6	not	not	PART
epaa-281	125	7	tested	test	VERB
epaa-281	125	8	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	125	9	the	the	DET
epaa-281	125	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	125	11	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	125	12	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	125	13	social	social	ADJ
epaa-281	125	14	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	125	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	125	16	health	health	NOUN
epaa-281	125	17	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	125	18	crowded	crowd	VERB
epaa-281	125	19	out	out	ADP
epaa-281	125	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	125	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	125	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	125	23	some	some	DET
epaa-281	125	24	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-281	125	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	125	26	disappeared	disappear	VERB
epaa-281	125	27	altogether	altogether	ADV
epaa-281	125	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	126	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-281	126	2	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	126	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	126	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	126	5	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	126	6	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	126	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	126	8	tested	test	VERB
epaa-281	126	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	126	10	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	126	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	126	12	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-281	126	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	126	14	math	math	NOUN
epaa-281	126	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	126	16	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	126	17	slighted	slight	VERB
epaa-281	126	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	126	19	that	that	DET
epaa-281	126	20	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	126	21	approaches	approach	NOUN
epaa-281	126	22	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-281	126	23	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-281	126	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	126	25	the	the	DET
epaa-281	126	26	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-281	126	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	126	28	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	126	29	these	these	DET
epaa-281	126	30	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	126	31	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	126	32	tested	test	VERB
epaa-281	126	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	127	2	result	result	NOUN
epaa-281	127	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	4	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	127	5	says	say	VERB
epaa-281	127	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	7	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	127	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	127	9	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
epaa-281	127	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	127	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	127	12	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	127	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	127	14	deskilling	deskilling	NOUN
epaa-281	127	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	127	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	127	17	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	18	faced	face	VERB
epaa-281	127	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	127	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	127	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	22	packed	packed	ADJ
epaa-281	127	23	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	127	24	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	26	a	a	DET
epaa-281	127	27	set	set	NOUN
epaa-281	127	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	127	29	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-281	127	30	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	31	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	127	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	33	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	127	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	35	scope	scope	NOUN
epaa-281	127	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	127	37	sequence	sequence	NOUN
epaa-281	127	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	39	extra	extra	ADJ
epaa-281	127	40	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	127	41	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	42	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	127	43	exceeds	exceed	VERB
epaa-281	127	44	the	the	DET
epaa-281	127	45	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-281	127	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	127	47	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	127	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	127	49	any	any	DET
epaa-281	127	50	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	127	51	to	to	PART
epaa-281	127	52	cover	cover	VERB
epaa-281	127	53	all	all	PRON
epaa-281	127	54	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	127	55	them	they	PRON
epaa-281	127	56	competently	competently	ADV
epaa-281	127	57	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	58	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	127	59	the	the	DET
epaa-281	127	60	restricted	restricted	ADJ
epaa-281	127	61	number	number	NOUN
epaa-281	127	62	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	127	63	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	127	64	hours	hour	NOUN
epaa-281	127	65	available	available	ADJ
epaa-281	127	66	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	127	67	some	some	DET
epaa-281	127	68	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	127	69	aligned	align	VERB
epaa-281	127	70	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	127	71	actions	action	NOUN
epaa-281	127	72	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	127	73	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-281	127	74	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	128	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	128	2	began	begin	VERB
epaa-281	128	3	discarding	discard	VERB
epaa-281	128	4	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	128	5	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	128	6	not	not	PART
epaa-281	128	7	to	to	PART
epaa-281	128	8	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	128	9	tested	test	VERB
epaa-281	128	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	128	11	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	128	12	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	128	13	not	not	PART
epaa-281	128	14	part	part	NOUN
epaa-281	128	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	128	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	128	17	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-281	128	18	agenda	agenda	NOUN
epaa-281	128	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	128	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	128	21	priorities	priority	NOUN
epaa-281	128	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	128	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	128	24	principal	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	128	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	128	26	district	district	NOUN
epaa-281	128	27	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-281	128	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	129	3	10	10	NUM
epaa-281	129	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	5	sixth	sixth	ADJ
epaa-281	129	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	7	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	129	8	concludes	conclude	VERB
epaa-281	129	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	129	10	the	the	DET
epaa-281	129	11	contention	contention	NOUN
epaa-281	129	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	129	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	129	14	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
epaa-281	129	15	deskills	deskill	VERB
epaa-281	129	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	129	17	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	19	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	129	20	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-281	129	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	22	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-281	129	23	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	129	24	leads	lead	VERB
epaa-281	129	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	129	26	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-281	129	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	28	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-281	129	29	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	129	30	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	31	the	the	DET
epaa-281	129	32	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-281	129	33	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	129	34	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	129	35	have	have	VERB
epaa-281	129	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	129	37	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	129	38	arsenal	arsenal	NOUN
epaa-281	129	39	become	become	AUX
epaa-281	129	40	reduced	reduce	VERB
epaa-281	129	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	129	43	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	129	44	work	work	NOUN
epaa-281	129	45	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	129	46	deskilled	deskille	VERB
epaa-281	129	47	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	48	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	49	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	129	50	10	10	NUM
epaa-281	129	51	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	129	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-281	130	2	most	most	ADJ
epaa-281	130	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	130	4	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	130	5	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	130	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	7	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	130	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	9	reports	report	NOUN
epaa-281	130	10	focuses	focus	VERB
epaa-281	130	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	130	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	130	13	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	130	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	130	15	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	130	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	17	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	130	18	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	130	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	130	20	has	have	AUX
epaa-281	130	21	had	have	VERB
epaa-281	130	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	130	23	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-281	130	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	130	25	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	130	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	27	risk	risk	NOUN
epaa-281	130	28	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	130	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	130	30	the	the	DET
epaa-281	130	31	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	130	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	130	33	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	130	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	130	36	relevance	relevance	NOUN
epaa-281	130	37	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	130	38	this	this	DET
epaa-281	130	39	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-281	130	40	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	130	41	three	three	NUM
epaa-281	130	42	surveys	survey	NOUN
epaa-281	130	43	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	130	44	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	130	45	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	130	46	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	47	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	130	48	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-281	130	49	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	130	50	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	130	51	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	130	52	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-281	130	53	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	130	54	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	130	55	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	130	56	surveys	survey	NOUN
epaa-281	130	57	undertaken	undertake	VERB
epaa-281	130	58	independently	independently	ADV
epaa-281	130	59	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	130	60	gordon	gordon	PROPN
epaa-281	130	61	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	130	62	reese	reese	PROPN
epaa-281	130	63	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	64	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-281	130	65	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	66	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	130	67	hoffman	hoffman	PROPN
epaa-281	130	68	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	69	pennington	pennington	PROPN
epaa-281	130	70	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	71	assaf	assaf	PROPN
epaa-281	130	72	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	73	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	130	74	paris	paris	PROPN
epaa-281	130	75	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	76	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-281	130	77	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	130	78	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	131	1	inspired	inspire	VERB
epaa-281	131	2	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	131	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	131	4	introduction	introduction	NOUN
epaa-281	131	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	131	6	a	a	DET
epaa-281	131	7	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	131	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	131	9	criterion	criterion	NOUN
epaa-281	131	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	131	11	referenced	reference	VERB
epaa-281	131	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	131	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	131	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	131	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	131	16	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	131	17	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	131	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	131	19	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	131	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	131	21	the	the	DET
epaa-281	131	22	fall	fall	NOUN
epaa-281	131	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	131	24	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-281	131	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	131	26	all	all	DET
epaa-281	131	27	three	three	NUM
epaa-281	131	28	surveys	survey	NOUN
epaa-281	131	29	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	131	30	used	use	VERB
epaa-281	131	31	to	to	PART
epaa-281	131	32	explore	explore	VERB
epaa-281	131	33	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	131	34	'	'	PART
epaa-281	131	35	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	131	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	131	37	the	the	DET
epaa-281	131	38	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	131	39	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	131	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	131	41	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-281	131	42	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	131	43	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	131	44	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	131	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	132	1	this	this	DET
epaa-281	132	2	group	group	NOUN
epaa-281	132	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	132	4	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	132	5	deemed	deem	VERB
epaa-281	132	6	studying	study	VERB
epaa-281	132	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	132	8	'	'	PART
epaa-281	132	9	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	132	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	132	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	132	12	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	132	13	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	132	14	not	not	PART
epaa-281	132	15	only	only	ADV
epaa-281	132	16	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	132	17	the	the	DET
epaa-281	132	18	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	132	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	132	20	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	132	21	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	132	22	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	132	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	132	24	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	132	25	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	132	26	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	132	27	represented	represent	VERB
epaa-281	132	28	an	an	DET
epaa-281	132	29	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	132	30	shift	shift	NOUN
epaa-281	132	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	132	32	the	the	DET
epaa-281	132	33	focus	focus	NOUN
epaa-281	132	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	132	35	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	132	36	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	132	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	132	38	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	132	39	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	132	40	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	132	41	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-281	132	42	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	132	43	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	132	44	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-281	132	45	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	132	46	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	132	47	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	132	48	to	to	PART
epaa-281	132	49	test	test	VERB
epaa-281	132	50	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	132	51	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	132	52	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	132	53	order	order	NOUN
epaa-281	132	54	thinking	thinking	NOUN
epaa-281	132	55	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	132	56	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	132	57	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-281	132	58	solving	solve	VERB
epaa-281	132	59	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-281	132	60	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	132	61	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	132	62	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	132	63	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	132	64	agency	agency	NOUN
epaa-281	132	65	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	132	66	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-281	132	67	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	132	68	p.1	p.1	NOUN
epaa-281	132	69	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	132	70	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	133	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-281	133	2	each	each	PRON
epaa-281	133	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	133	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	133	5	surveys	survey	NOUN
epaa-281	133	6	polled	poll	VERB
epaa-281	133	7	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
epaa-281	133	8	different	different	ADJ
epaa-281	133	9	samples	sample	NOUN
epaa-281	133	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	133	11	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	133	12	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	133	13	4	4	NUM
epaa-281	133	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	133	15	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	133	16	combines	combine	VERB
epaa-281	133	17	the	the	DET
epaa-281	133	18	information	information	NOUN
epaa-281	133	19	gained	gain	VERB
epaa-281	133	20	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	133	21	his	his	PRON
epaa-281	133	22	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	133	23	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	133	24	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	133	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	133	26	gordon	gordon	PROPN
epaa-281	133	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	133	28	reese	reese	PROPN
epaa-281	133	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	133	30	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-281	133	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	133	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	133	33	hoffman	hoffman	PROPN
epaa-281	133	34	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	133	35	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	133	36	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	134	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	134	2	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-281	134	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	135	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	135	2	identifies	identify	VERB
epaa-281	135	3	four	four	NUM
epaa-281	135	4	common	common	ADJ
epaa-281	135	5	themes	theme	NOUN
epaa-281	135	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	136	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	136	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	136	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	136	4	1	1	X
epaa-281	136	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	136	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	136	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	136	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	136	9	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-281	136	10	to	to	PART
epaa-281	136	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	136	12	devoting	devote	VERB
epaa-281	136	13	a	a	DET
epaa-281	136	14	huge	huge	ADJ
epaa-281	136	15	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-281	136	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	136	17	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	136	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	136	19	energy	energy	NOUN
epaa-281	136	20	preparing	prepare	VERB
epaa-281	136	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	136	22	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-281	136	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	136	24	the	the	DET
epaa-281	136	25	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	136	26	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	136	27	2	2	X
epaa-281	136	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	136	29	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	136	30	the	the	DET
epaa-281	136	31	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-281	136	32	placed	place	VERB
epaa-281	136	33	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	136	34	the	the	DET
epaa-281	136	35	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	136	36	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	136	37	hurting	hurt	VERB
epaa-281	136	38	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	136	39	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	136	40	helping	help	VERB
epaa-281	136	41	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	136	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	136	43	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	136	44	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	136	45	3	3	X
epaa-281	136	46	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	136	47	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	136	48	the	the	DET
epaa-281	136	49	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-281	136	50	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	136	51	the	the	DET
epaa-281	136	52	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	136	53	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	136	54	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-281	136	55	harmful	harmful	ADJ
epaa-281	136	56	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	136	57	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	136	58	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	136	59	risk	risk	NOUN
epaa-281	136	60	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	136	61	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	136	62	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	136	63	4	4	X
epaa-281	136	64	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	136	65	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	136	66	the	the	DET
epaa-281	136	67	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-281	136	68	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	136	69	the	the	DET
epaa-281	136	70	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	136	71	contributes	contribute	VERB
epaa-281	136	72	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	136	73	both	both	DET
epaa-281	136	74	retention	retention	NOUN
epaa-281	136	75	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	136	76	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	136	77	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	136	78	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	136	79	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-281	136	80	out	out	ADP
epaa-281	136	81	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	136	82	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	136	83	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	137	1	these	these	DET
epaa-281	137	2	themes	theme	NOUN
epaa-281	137	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	137	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	137	5	the	the	PRON
epaa-281	137	6	9	9	NUM
epaa-281	137	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	137	8	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	137	9	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	137	10	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	137	11	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-281	137	12	viewed	view	VERB
epaa-281	137	13	the	the	DET
epaa-281	137	14	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	137	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	137	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	137	17	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	137	18	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	137	19	harmful	harmful	ADJ
epaa-281	137	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	137	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	137	22	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	137	23	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	137	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	137	25	these	these	DET
epaa-281	137	26	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	137	27	concur	concur	VERB
epaa-281	137	28	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	137	29	others	other	NOUN
epaa-281	137	30	described	describe	VERB
epaa-281	137	31	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-281	137	32	far	far	ADV
epaa-281	137	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	137	34	this	this	DET
epaa-281	137	35	section	section	NOUN
epaa-281	137	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	138	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	138	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	138	3	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	138	4	to	to	PART
epaa-281	138	5	note	note	VERB
epaa-281	138	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	138	7	however	however	ADV
epaa-281	138	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	138	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	138	10	a	a	DET
epaa-281	138	11	small	small	ADJ
epaa-281	138	12	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-281	138	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	138	14	respondents	respondent	NOUN
epaa-281	138	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	138	16	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	138	17	's	's	PART
epaa-281	138	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	138	19	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	138	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	138	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	138	22	hoffman	hoffman	PROPN
epaa-281	138	23	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	138	24	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	138	25	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	138	26	's	's	PART
epaa-281	138	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	138	28	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-281	138	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	138	30	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	138	31	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	138	32	report	report	VERB
epaa-281	138	33	the	the	DET
epaa-281	138	34	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	138	35	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	138	36	having	have	VERB
epaa-281	138	37	some	some	DET
epaa-281	138	38	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-281	138	39	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	138	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	138	41	namely	namely	ADV
epaa-281	138	42	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	138	43	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	138	44	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	138	45	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-281	138	46	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	138	47	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-281	138	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	138	49	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	138	50	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	138	51	taking	take	VERB
epaa-281	138	52	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	138	53	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	138	54	achieving	achieve	VERB
epaa-281	138	55	better	well	ADJ
epaa-281	138	56	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	138	57	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	138	58	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	138	59	a	a	DET
epaa-281	138	60	result	result	NOUN
epaa-281	138	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	139	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
epaa-281	139	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	139	3	these	these	DET
epaa-281	139	4	respondents	respondent	NOUN
epaa-281	139	5	often	often	ADV
epaa-281	139	6	qualified	qualify	VERB
epaa-281	139	7	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	139	8	responses	response	NOUN
epaa-281	139	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	139	10	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	139	11	written	write	VERB
epaa-281	139	12	responses	response	NOUN
epaa-281	139	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	139	14	stating	state	VERB
epaa-281	139	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	139	16	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	139	17	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	139	18	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	139	19	not	not	PART
epaa-281	139	20	occur	occur	VERB
epaa-281	139	21	without	without	ADP
epaa-281	139	22	some	some	DET
epaa-281	139	23	sacrifice	sacrifice	NOUN
epaa-281	139	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	140	1	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-281	140	2	below	below	ADP
epaa-281	140	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	140	4	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	140	5	examples	example	NOUN
epaa-281	140	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	140	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	140	8	'	'	PART
epaa-281	140	9	written	write	VERB
epaa-281	140	10	comments	comment	NOUN
epaa-281	140	11	illustrating	illustrate	VERB
epaa-281	140	12	this	this	DET
epaa-281	140	13	point	point	NOUN
epaa-281	140	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	140	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	140	16	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	140	17	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-281	140	18	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	140	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	140	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	140	21	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-281	140	22	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	140	23	[	[	X
epaa-281	140	24	the	the	DET
epaa-281	140	25	]	]	X
epaa-281	140	26	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	140	27	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	140	28	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	140	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	140	30	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	140	31	figuring	figure	VERB
epaa-281	140	32	out	out	ADP
epaa-281	140	33	better	well	ADJ
epaa-281	140	34	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-281	140	35	to	to	PART
epaa-281	140	36	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	140	37	them	they	PRON
epaa-281	140	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	141	1	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	141	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	141	3	not	not	PART
epaa-281	141	4	receiving	receive	VERB
epaa-281	141	5	a	a	DET
epaa-281	141	6	well	well	ADV
epaa-281	141	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	141	8	rounded	rounded	ADJ
epaa-281	141	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	141	10	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	141	11	social	social	ADJ
epaa-281	141	12	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	141	13	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	141	14	science	science	PROPN
epaa-281	141	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	141	16	being	be	AUX
epaa-281	141	17	cut	cut	VERB
epaa-281	141	18	to	to	PART
epaa-281	141	19	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	141	20	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	141	21	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	141	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	142	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	142	2	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	142	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	142	4	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	142	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	142	6	part	part	NOUN
epaa-281	142	7	6	6	NUM
epaa-281	142	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	142	9	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	142	10	10	10	NUM
epaa-281	142	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	143	1	yes	yes	INTJ
epaa-281	143	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	143	3	there	there	PRON
epaa-281	143	4	is	be	VERB
epaa-281	143	5	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-281	143	6	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	143	7	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	143	8	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	143	9	a	a	DET
epaa-281	143	10	partial	partial	ADJ
epaa-281	143	11	price	price	NOUN
epaa-281	143	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	144	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	144	2	have	have	AUX
epaa-281	144	3	seen	see	VERB
epaa-281	144	4	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	144	5	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	144	6	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	144	7	can	can	AUX
epaa-281	144	8	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-281	144	9	the	the	DET
epaa-281	144	10	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	144	11	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	144	12	can	can	AUX
epaa-281	144	13	not	not	PART
epaa-281	144	14	apply	apply	VERB
epaa-281	144	15	those	those	DET
epaa-281	144	16	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	144	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	144	18	anything	anything	PRON
epaa-281	144	19	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	144	20	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	144	21	's	be	AUX
epaa-281	144	22	not	not	PART
epaa-281	144	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	144	24	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	144	25	format	format	NOUN
epaa-281	144	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	145	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	145	2	have	have	VERB
epaa-281	145	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	145	4	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	145	5	can	can	AUX
epaa-281	145	6	do	do	VERB
epaa-281	145	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	145	8	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	145	9	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	145	10	ca	can	AUX
epaa-281	145	11	n't	not	PART
epaa-281	145	12	look	look	VERB
epaa-281	145	13	up	up	ADP
epaa-281	145	14	words	word	NOUN
epaa-281	145	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	145	16	a	a	DET
epaa-281	145	17	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN
epaa-281	145	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	145	19	understand	understand	VERB
epaa-281	145	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	145	21	different	different	ADJ
epaa-281	145	22	meanings	meaning	NOUN
epaa-281	145	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	146	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	146	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-281	146	3	write	write	VERB
epaa-281	146	4	a	a	DET
epaa-281	146	5	story	story	NOUN
epaa-281	146	6	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	146	7	have	have	VERB
epaa-281	146	8	trouble	trouble	NOUN
epaa-281	146	9	following	follow	VERB
epaa-281	146	10	directions	direction	NOUN
epaa-281	146	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	146	12	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	146	13	types	type	NOUN
epaa-281	146	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	146	15	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-281	146	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	147	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	147	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	147	3	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-281	147	4	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-281	147	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	147	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	147	7	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	147	8	'm	be	AUX
epaa-281	147	9	not	not	PART
epaa-281	147	10	sure	sure	ADJ
epaa-281	147	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	147	12	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	147	13	would	would	AUX
epaa-281	147	14	call	call	VERB
epaa-281	147	15	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	147	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	147	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	148	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	148	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	148	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	148	4	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-281	148	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	148	6	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-281	148	7	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	148	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	148	9	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	148	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	148	11	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	148	12	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	148	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	148	14	spent	spend	VERB
epaa-281	148	15	practicing	practice	VERB
epaa-281	148	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	148	17	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	148	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	148	19	putting	put	VERB
epaa-281	148	20	everything	everything	PRON
epaa-281	148	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	148	22	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	148	23	format	format	NOUN
epaa-281	148	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	2	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	149	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	4	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	149	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	6	part	part	NOUN
epaa-281	149	7	6	6	NUM
epaa-281	149	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	9	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	149	10	10	10	NUM
epaa-281	149	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	12	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	149	13	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	149	14	these	these	DET
epaa-281	149	15	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	149	16	comments	comment	NOUN
epaa-281	149	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	149	18	the	the	DET
epaa-281	149	19	idea	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	149	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	149	21	an	an	DET
epaa-281	149	22	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-281	149	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	149	24	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	149	25	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	149	26	might	might	AUX
epaa-281	149	27	reflect	reflect	VERB
epaa-281	149	28	an	an	DET
epaa-281	149	29	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-281	149	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	149	31	the	the	DET
epaa-281	149	32	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
epaa-281	149	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	149	34	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-281	149	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	149	36	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	149	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	38	taking	take	VERB
epaa-281	149	39	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	149	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	149	41	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-281	149	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	43	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	149	44	not	not	PART
epaa-281	149	45	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	149	46	some	some	PRON
epaa-281	149	47	call	call	VERB
epaa-281	149	48	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	149	49	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	50	cohen	cohen	PROPN
epaa-281	149	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	52	mclaughlin	mclaughlin	PROPN
epaa-281	149	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	54	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	149	55	talbert	talbert	PROPN
epaa-281	149	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	57	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-281	149	58	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	59	wiggins	wiggins	PROPN
epaa-281	149	60	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	149	61	mctighe	mctighe	PROPN
epaa-281	149	62	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	63	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	149	64	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	65	wiske	wiske	X
epaa-281	149	66	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	67	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	149	68	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	149	69	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	150	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
epaa-281	150	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	150	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	150	4	second	second	ADJ
epaa-281	150	5	comment	comment	NOUN
epaa-281	150	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	150	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	150	8	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-281	150	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	150	10	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	150	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	150	12	an	an	DET
epaa-281	150	13	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-281	150	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	150	15	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-281	150	16	might	might	AUX
epaa-281	150	17	not	not	PART
epaa-281	150	18	mean	mean	VERB
epaa-281	150	19	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-281	150	20	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-281	150	21	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	150	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	151	1	both	both	DET
epaa-281	151	2	comments	comment	NOUN
epaa-281	151	3	imply	imply	VERB
epaa-281	151	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	151	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	151	6	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-281	151	7	fueling	fuel	VERB
epaa-281	151	8	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	151	9	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	151	10	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	151	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	151	12	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	151	13	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	151	14	via	via	ADP
epaa-281	151	15	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	151	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	151	17	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	151	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	151	19	might	might	AUX
epaa-281	151	20	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	151	21	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	151	22	political	political	ADJ
epaa-281	151	23	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	151	24	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	151	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	152	1	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	152	2	comments	comment	NOUN
epaa-281	152	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	152	4	consistent	consistent	ADJ
epaa-281	152	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	152	6	corbett	corbett	PROPN
epaa-281	152	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	152	8	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-281	152	9	's	's	PART
epaa-281	152	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	152	11	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	152	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	152	13	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	152	14	noted	note	VERB
epaa-281	152	15	earlier	early	ADV
epaa-281	152	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	153	1	recall	recall	VERB
epaa-281	153	2	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	153	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	153	4	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	153	5	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	153	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	153	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	153	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	153	9	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	153	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	153	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	153	12	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
epaa-281	153	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	153	14	maryland	maryland	PROPN
epaa-281	153	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	153	16	corbett	corbett	PROPN
epaa-281	153	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	153	18	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-281	153	19	found	find	VERB
epaa-281	153	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	153	21	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	153	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	153	23	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-281	153	24	to	to	PART
epaa-281	153	25	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-281	153	26	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	153	27	intensified	intensify	VERB
epaa-281	153	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	153	29	both	both	DET
epaa-281	153	30	states	state	NOUN
epaa-281	153	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	153	32	some	some	DET
epaa-281	153	33	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	153	34	attended	attend	VERB
epaa-281	153	35	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	153	36	the	the	DET
epaa-281	153	37	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	153	38	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	153	39	seriously	seriously	ADV
epaa-281	153	40	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	153	41	not	not	PART
epaa-281	153	42	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	153	43	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	153	44	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-281	153	45	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	153	46	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	153	47	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	153	48	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-281	153	49	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-281	153	50	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	153	51	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	153	52	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	153	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	153	54	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	153	55	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	153	56	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	153	57	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	153	58	political	political	ADJ
epaa-281	153	59	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-281	153	60	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	153	61	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	153	62	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	153	63	104	104	NUM
epaa-281	153	64	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	153	65	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	1	this	this	DET
epaa-281	154	2	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-281	154	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	154	4	further	far	ADV
epaa-281	154	5	bolstered	bolster	VERB
epaa-281	154	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	154	7	a	a	DET
epaa-281	154	8	handful	handful	NOUN
epaa-281	154	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	154	10	respondents	respondent	NOUN
epaa-281	154	11	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	154	12	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	154	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	154	14	the	the	DET
epaa-281	154	15	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-281	154	16	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-281	154	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	154	18	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	154	19	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	154	20	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	154	21	not	not	PART
epaa-281	154	22	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-281	154	23	due	due	ADJ
epaa-281	154	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	154	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	26	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-281	154	27	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	154	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	154	29	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-281	154	30	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-281	154	31	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	154	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	34	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	154	35	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	154	36	the	the	DET
epaa-281	154	37	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-281	154	38	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	154	39	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	40	getting	get	VERB
epaa-281	154	41	easier	easy	ADJ
epaa-281	154	42	over	over	ADP
epaa-281	154	43	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	154	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	45	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	154	46	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	154	47	excluding	exclude	VERB
epaa-281	154	48	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	154	49	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-281	154	50	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	154	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	52	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	154	53	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	154	54	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-281	154	55	'	'	PART
epaa-281	154	56	cheating	cheating	NOUN
epaa-281	154	57	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	58	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	59	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	154	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	61	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	154	62	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	63	part	part	NOUN
epaa-281	154	64	6	6	NUM
epaa-281	154	65	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	66	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	154	67	10	10	NUM
epaa-281	154	68	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	154	69	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	155	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	155	2	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	155	3	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-281	155	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	155	5	this	this	DET
epaa-281	155	6	section	section	NOUN
epaa-281	155	7	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	155	8	a	a	DET
epaa-281	155	9	number	number	NOUN
epaa-281	155	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	155	11	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-281	155	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	156	1	first	first	ADV
epaa-281	156	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	156	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	156	4	say	say	VERB
epaa-281	156	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	156	6	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	156	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	156	8	tailoring	tailor	VERB
epaa-281	156	9	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	156	10	curricula	curricula	NOUN
epaa-281	156	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	156	12	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	156	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	156	14	the	the	DET
epaa-281	156	15	form	form	NOUN
epaa-281	156	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	156	17	content	content	NOUN
epaa-281	156	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	156	19	concepts	concept	NOUN
epaa-281	156	20	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-281	156	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	156	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	156	23	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	156	24	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	156	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	157	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	157	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-281	157	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	157	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	157	5	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	157	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	157	7	tested	test	VERB
epaa-281	157	8	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-281	157	9	to	to	PART
epaa-281	157	10	become	become	VERB
epaa-281	157	11	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	157	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	157	13	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
epaa-281	157	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	157	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	157	16	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	157	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	157	18	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	157	19	the	the	DET
epaa-281	157	20	content	content	NOUN
epaa-281	157	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	157	22	form	form	NOUN
epaa-281	157	23	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-281	157	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	157	25	the	the	DET
epaa-281	157	26	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	157	27	occupying	occupy	VERB
epaa-281	157	28	most	most	ADJ
epaa-281	157	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	157	30	the	the	DET
epaa-281	157	31	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	157	32	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	157	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	158	1	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	158	2	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	158	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	158	4	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	158	5	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	158	6	social	social	ADJ
epaa-281	158	7	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	158	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	158	9	science	science	NOUN
epaa-281	158	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	158	11	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-281	158	12	worthy	worthy	ADJ
epaa-281	158	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	158	14	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-281	158	15	to	to	PART
epaa-281	158	16	get	get	AUX
epaa-281	158	17	crowded	crowd	VERB
epaa-281	158	18	out	out	ADP
epaa-281	158	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	159	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
epaa-281	159	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	159	3	these	these	DET
epaa-281	159	4	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	159	5	intimate	intimate	VERB
epaa-281	159	6	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	159	7	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-281	159	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	159	9	limiting	limiting	NOUN
epaa-281	159	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	159	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	159	12	deleterious	deleterious	ADJ
epaa-281	159	13	the	the	DET
epaa-281	159	14	quest	quest	NOUN
epaa-281	159	15	to	to	PART
epaa-281	159	16	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-281	159	17	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	159	18	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	159	19	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	159	20	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	159	21	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	159	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	159	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	159	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	159	25	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-281	159	26	alike	alike	ADV
epaa-281	159	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	1	10	10	NUM
epaa-281	160	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	160	3	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	160	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	160	5	overstated	overstated	ADJ
epaa-281	160	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	160	7	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-281	160	8	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	160	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	160	10	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	160	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	12	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	160	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	160	14	some	some	PRON
epaa-281	160	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	160	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	160	17	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	160	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	160	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	160	21	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	160	22	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-281	160	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	24	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	160	25	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	160	26	the	the	DET
epaa-281	160	27	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	160	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	160	29	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	160	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	31	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	160	32	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	160	33	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	160	34	overstated	overstate	VERB
epaa-281	160	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	160	36	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-281	160	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	38	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	160	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	40	mayrowetz	mayrowetz	NOUN
epaa-281	160	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	42	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	160	43	fairman	fairman	NOUN
epaa-281	160	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	45	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	160	46	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	47	glasnapp	glasnapp	NOUN
epaa-281	160	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	49	poggio	poggio	PROPN
epaa-281	160	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	51	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	160	52	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-281	160	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	54	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	160	55	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	56	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	160	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	58	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	160	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	60	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-281	160	61	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	62	zancanella	zancanella	NOUN
epaa-281	160	63	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	64	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	160	65	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	160	66	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	161	1	these	these	DET
epaa-281	161	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	161	3	posit	posit	VERB
epaa-281	161	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	161	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	161	6	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	161	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	161	8	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	161	9	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	161	10	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-281	161	11	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	161	12	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	161	13	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	161	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	161	15	motivators	motivator	NOUN
epaa-281	161	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	161	17	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-281	161	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	161	19	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	161	20	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	161	21	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	161	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	161	23	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	161	24	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	161	25	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	161	26	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	161	27	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	161	28	non	non	ADJ
epaa-281	161	29	-	-	ADJ
epaa-281	161	30	existent	existent	ADJ
epaa-281	161	31	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	161	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	161	33	very	very	ADV
epaa-281	161	34	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	161	35	intensity	intensity	NOUN
epaa-281	161	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	162	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	162	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-281	162	3	contend	contend	VERB
epaa-281	162	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	162	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	162	6	'	'	PART
epaa-281	162	7	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	162	8	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	162	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	162	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	162	11	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	162	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	162	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	162	14	mixed	mixed	ADJ
epaa-281	162	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	162	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	162	17	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	162	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	162	19	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	162	20	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	162	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	162	22	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	162	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	162	24	many	many	ADJ
epaa-281	162	25	interacting	interacting	ADJ
epaa-281	162	26	influences	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	162	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	162	28	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	162	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	162	30	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-281	162	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	162	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	1	glasnapp	glasnapp	NOUN
epaa-281	163	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	3	poggio	poggio	PROPN
epaa-281	163	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	163	6	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-281	163	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	8	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	163	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	10	surveyed	survey	VERB
epaa-281	163	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	163	12	board	board	NOUN
epaa-281	163	13	members	member	NOUN
epaa-281	163	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	15	superintendents	superintendent	NOUN
epaa-281	163	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	17	building	building	NOUN
epaa-281	163	18	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	163	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	163	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	22	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-281	163	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	163	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	163	26	concurrent	concurrent	ADJ
epaa-281	163	27	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	163	28	the	the	DET
epaa-281	163	29	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-281	163	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	163	31	kansas	kansas	PROPN
epaa-281	163	32	's	's	PART
epaa-281	163	33	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	163	34	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	35	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	163	36	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-281	163	37	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-281	163	38	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	163	39	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	163	40	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	163	41	1982	1982	NUM
epaa-281	163	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	43	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-281	163	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	163	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	163	46	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-281	163	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	164	1	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	164	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	164	3	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	164	4	's	's	PART
epaa-281	164	5	325	325	NUM
epaa-281	164	6	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-281	164	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	164	8	1	1	NUM
epaa-281	164	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	164	10	358	358	NUM
epaa-281	164	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	164	12	responded	respond	VERB
epaa-281	164	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	164	14	the	the	DET
epaa-281	164	15	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-281	164	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	164	17	1982	1982	NUM
epaa-281	164	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	164	19	816	816	NUM
epaa-281	164	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	164	21	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-281	164	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	164	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	164	24	1,244	1,244	NUM
epaa-281	164	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	164	26	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-281	164	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	165	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	165	2	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	165	3	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	165	4	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	165	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	165	6	eleven	eleven	NUM
epaa-281	165	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	165	8	randomly	randomly	ADV
epaa-281	165	9	selected	select	VERB
epaa-281	165	10	within	within	ADP
epaa-281	165	11	each	each	DET
epaa-281	165	12	district	district	NOUN
epaa-281	165	13	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	165	14	the	the	DET
epaa-281	165	15	representativeness	representativeness	NOUN
epaa-281	165	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	165	17	this	this	DET
epaa-281	165	18	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-281	165	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	165	20	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-281	165	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	165	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	165	23	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-281	165	24	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	165	25	population	population	NOUN
epaa-281	165	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	165	27	however	however	ADV
epaa-281	165	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	165	29	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	165	30	not	not	PART
epaa-281	165	31	shared	share	VERB
epaa-281	165	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	166	1	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	166	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	166	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	166	4	results	result	NOUN
epaa-281	166	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	166	6	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	166	7	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-281	166	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	166	9	glasnapp	glasnapp	NOUN
epaa-281	166	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	166	11	poggio	poggio	PROPN
epaa-281	166	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	166	13	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	166	14	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-281	166	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	166	16	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	166	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	166	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	166	19	report	report	VERB
epaa-281	166	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	166	21	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	166	22	action	action	NOUN
epaa-281	166	23	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	166	24	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-281	166	25	the	the	DET
epaa-281	166	26	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-281	166	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	166	28	the	the	DET
epaa-281	166	29	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	166	30	's	's	PART
epaa-281	166	31	objectives	objective	NOUN
epaa-281	166	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	166	33	the	the	DET
epaa-281	166	34	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	166	35	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	166	36	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	166	37	reportedly	reportedly	ADV
epaa-281	166	38	taken	take	VERB
epaa-281	166	39	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	166	40	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	166	41	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	166	42	half	half	NOUN
epaa-281	166	43	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	166	44	57	57	NUM
epaa-281	166	45	%	%	NOUN
epaa-281	166	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	166	47	the	the	DET
epaa-281	166	48	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	166	49	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	166	50	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-281	166	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	167	1	this	this	DET
epaa-281	167	2	result	result	NOUN
epaa-281	167	3	importantly	importantly	ADV
epaa-281	167	4	varied	varied	ADJ
epaa-281	167	5	across	across	ADP
epaa-281	167	6	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	167	7	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-281	167	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	168	2	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	168	3	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	168	4	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-281	168	5	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-281	168	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	168	7	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	168	8	occurred	occur	VERB
epaa-281	168	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	10	2	2	NUM
epaa-281	168	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	12	4	4	NUM
epaa-281	168	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	14	6	6	NUM
epaa-281	168	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	16	8	8	NUM
epaa-281	168	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	168	19	10	10	NUM
epaa-281	168	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	21	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-281	168	22	had	have	VERB
epaa-281	168	23	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-281	168	24	response	response	NOUN
epaa-281	168	25	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-281	168	26	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	168	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	168	28	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	168	29	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-281	168	30	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	168	31	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	168	32	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-281	168	33	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	168	34	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	168	35	no	no	DET
epaa-281	168	36	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	168	37	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	168	38	occurred	occur	VERB
epaa-281	168	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	40	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	168	41	3	3	NUM
epaa-281	168	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	43	5	5	NUM
epaa-281	168	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	45	7	7	NUM
epaa-281	168	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	47	9	9	NUM
epaa-281	168	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	49	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	168	50	11	11	NUM
epaa-281	168	51	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	168	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	169	1	a	a	DET
epaa-281	169	2	noted	note	VERB
epaa-281	169	3	exception	exception	NOUN
epaa-281	169	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	169	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	169	6	tenth	tenth	ADJ
epaa-281	169	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	169	8	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	169	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	170	1	fewer	few	ADJ
epaa-281	170	2	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	170	3	20	20	NUM
epaa-281	170	4	%	%	NOUN
epaa-281	170	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	170	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	170	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	170	8	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	170	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	170	10	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	170	11	narrowed	narrow	VERB
epaa-281	170	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	170	13	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	170	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	170	15	sacrificed	sacrifice	VERB
epaa-281	170	16	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	170	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	170	18	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	170	19	skill	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	170	20	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-281	170	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	170	22	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	170	23	changed	change	VERB
epaa-281	170	24	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	170	25	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	170	26	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-281	170	27	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	170	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	170	29	the	the	DET
epaa-281	170	30	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	170	31	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	170	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	171	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	171	2	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	171	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	171	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	171	5	however	however	ADV
epaa-281	171	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	171	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	171	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	171	9	presence	presence	NOUN
epaa-281	171	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	171	11	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-281	171	12	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-281	171	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	171	14	led	lead	VERB
epaa-281	171	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	171	16	a	a	DET
epaa-281	171	17	40	40	NUM
epaa-281	171	18	%	%	NOUN
epaa-281	171	19	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-281	171	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	171	21	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	171	22	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	171	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	171	24	drills	drill	NOUN
epaa-281	171	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	171	26	coaching	coaching	NOUN
epaa-281	171	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	171	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	171	29	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	171	30	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	171	31	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	171	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	172	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	172	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	172	3	interesting	interesting	ADJ
epaa-281	172	4	to	to	PART
epaa-281	172	5	note	note	VERB
epaa-281	172	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	172	7	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	172	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	172	9	notion	notion	NOUN
epaa-281	172	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	172	11	drills	drill	NOUN
epaa-281	172	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	172	13	coaching	coaching	NOUN
epaa-281	172	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	172	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	172	16	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	172	17	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	172	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	172	19	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	172	20	have	have	AUX
epaa-281	172	21	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-281	172	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	172	23	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	172	24	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	172	25	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	172	26	not	not	PART
epaa-281	172	27	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-281	172	28	viewed	view	VERB
epaa-281	172	29	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	172	30	the	the	DET
epaa-281	172	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	172	32	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	172	33	a	a	DET
epaa-281	172	34	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
epaa-281	172	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	172	36	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	172	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	172	38	a	a	DET
epaa-281	172	39	sacrifice	sacrifice	NOUN
epaa-281	172	40	to	to	PART
epaa-281	172	41	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	172	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	172	43	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	172	44	a	a	DET
epaa-281	172	45	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	172	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	172	47	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	172	48	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	172	49	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-281	172	50	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-281	172	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	173	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	173	2	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	173	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	173	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	173	5	this	this	DET
epaa-281	173	6	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-281	173	7	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	173	8	report	report	VERB
epaa-281	173	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	173	10	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	173	11	felt	feel	VERB
epaa-281	173	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	173	13	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-281	173	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	173	15	a	a	DET
epaa-281	173	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	173	17	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	173	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	173	19	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	173	20	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-281	173	21	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-281	173	22	over	over	ADP
epaa-281	173	23	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	173	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	173	25	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	173	26	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	173	27	not	not	PART
epaa-281	173	28	report	report	VERB
epaa-281	173	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	173	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	173	31	a	a	DET
epaa-281	173	32	group	group	NOUN
epaa-281	173	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	173	34	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-281	173	35	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	173	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	173	37	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	173	38	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-281	173	39	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	173	40	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	173	41	a	a	DET
epaa-281	173	42	result	result	NOUN
epaa-281	173	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	174	1	glasnapp	glasnapp	NOUN
epaa-281	174	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	174	3	poggio	poggio	PROPN
epaa-281	174	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	174	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	174	6	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-281	174	7	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-281	174	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	174	9	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	174	10	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
epaa-281	174	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	174	12	could	could	AUX
epaa-281	174	13	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-281	174	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	174	15	motivators	motivator	NOUN
epaa-281	174	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	174	17	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-281	174	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	174	19	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	174	20	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	174	21	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	174	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	174	23	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	174	24	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	174	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	174	26	kansas	kansas	PROPN
epaa-281	174	27	's	's	PART
epaa-281	174	28	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	174	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	174	30	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	174	31	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	174	32	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	174	33	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	174	34	non	non	ADJ
epaa-281	174	35	-	-	ADJ
epaa-281	174	36	existent	existent	ADJ
epaa-281	174	37	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	174	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	174	39	very	very	ADV
epaa-281	174	40	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	174	41	intensity	intensity	NOUN
epaa-281	174	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	175	1	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	175	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	175	3	mayrowetz	mayrowetz	NOUN
epaa-281	175	4	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	175	5	fairman	fairman	NOUN
epaa-281	175	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	175	7	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	175	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	175	9	say	say	VERB
epaa-281	175	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	175	11	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	175	12	/	/	SYM
epaa-281	175	13	moderate	moderate	ADJ
epaa-281	175	14	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	175	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	175	16	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	175	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	175	18	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	175	19	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	175	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	175	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	175	22	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	175	23	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	175	24	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	175	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	175	26	maine	maine	PROPN
epaa-281	175	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	175	28	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	175	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	175	30	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	175	31	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	175	32	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	175	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	175	34	maryland	maryland	NOUN
epaa-281	175	35	influence	influence	PROPN
epaa-281	175	36	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	175	37	'	'	PART
epaa-281	175	38	content	content	NOUN
epaa-281	175	39	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-281	175	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	175	41	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	175	42	the	the	DET
epaa-281	175	43	influences	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	175	44	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	175	45	weaker	weak	ADJ
epaa-281	175	46	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-281	175	47	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-281	175	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	175	49	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-281	175	50	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	175	51	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-281	175	52	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	175	53	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	175	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	176	1	using	use	VERB
epaa-281	176	2	an	an	DET
epaa-281	176	3	embedded	embed	VERB
epaa-281	176	4	case	case	NOUN
epaa-281	176	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	176	6	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	176	7	design	design	NOUN
epaa-281	176	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	176	9	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	176	10	report	report	VERB
epaa-281	176	11	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-281	176	12	gained	gain	VERB
epaa-281	176	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	176	14	semi	semi	ADJ
epaa-281	176	15	-	-	ADJ
epaa-281	176	16	structured	structured	ADJ
epaa-281	176	17	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	176	18	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	176	19	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-281	176	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	176	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	176	22	as	as	ADV
epaa-281	176	23	well	well	ADV
epaa-281	176	24	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	176	25	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	176	26	site	site	NOUN
epaa-281	176	27	visits	visit	NOUN
epaa-281	176	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	176	29	the	the	DET
epaa-281	176	30	district	district	NOUN
epaa-281	176	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	176	32	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-281	176	33	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	176	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	177	2	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	177	3	examination	examination	NOUN
epaa-281	177	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	177	5	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	177	6	'	'	PART
epaa-281	177	7	responses	response	NOUN
epaa-281	177	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	177	9	middle	middle	ADJ
epaa-281	177	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	177	11	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-281	177	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	177	13	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	177	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	177	15	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	177	16	decidedly	decidedly	ADV
epaa-281	177	17	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	177	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	19	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	177	20	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	177	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	177	24	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	177	25	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	177	26	include	include	VERB
epaa-281	177	27	sections	section	NOUN
epaa-281	177	28	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-281	177	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	177	30	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	177	31	to	to	PART
epaa-281	177	32	construct	construct	VERB
epaa-281	177	33	answers	answer	NOUN
epaa-281	177	34	vs.	vs.	ADP
epaa-281	177	35	select	select	NOUN
epaa-281	177	36	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	177	37	an	an	DET
epaa-281	177	38	array	array	NOUN
epaa-281	177	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	177	40	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-281	177	41	answers	answer	NOUN
epaa-281	177	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	44	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	177	45	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	177	46	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	177	47	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	177	48	11	11	NUM
epaa-281	177	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	177	50	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	177	51	report	report	NOUN
epaa-281	177	52	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	177	53	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	177	54	saw	see	VERB
epaa-281	177	55	considerable	considerable	ADJ
epaa-281	177	56	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	177	57	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-281	177	58	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	177	59	the	the	DET
epaa-281	177	60	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-281	177	61	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	177	62	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	177	63	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-281	177	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	65	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	177	66	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	177	67	the	the	DET
epaa-281	177	68	aligning	aligning	NOUN
epaa-281	177	69	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	177	70	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	177	71	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-281	177	72	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	177	73	the	the	DET
epaa-281	177	74	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	177	75	as	as	ADV
epaa-281	177	76	well	well	ADV
epaa-281	177	77	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	177	78	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	177	79	many	many	ADJ
epaa-281	177	80	commonly	commonly	ADV
epaa-281	177	81	refer	refer	VERB
epaa-281	177	82	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	177	83	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	177	84	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	85	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	177	86	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	177	87	the	the	DET
epaa-281	177	88	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	177	89	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	90	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	91	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	177	92	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	93	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-281	177	94	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	177	95	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	96	taking	take	VERB
epaa-281	177	97	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-281	177	98	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	99	using	use	VERB
epaa-281	177	100	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-281	177	101	like	like	ADP
epaa-281	177	102	those	those	PRON
epaa-281	177	103	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	177	104	the	the	DET
epaa-281	177	105	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	177	106	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	107	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	177	108	focusing	focus	VERB
epaa-281	177	109	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-281	177	110	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	177	111	content	content	NOUN
epaa-281	177	112	known	know	VERB
epaa-281	177	113	to	to	PART
epaa-281	177	114	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	177	115	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-281	177	116	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	177	117	the	the	DET
epaa-281	177	118	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	177	119	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	177	120	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	178	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
epaa-281	178	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	178	3	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	178	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	178	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	178	6	use	use	NOUN
epaa-281	178	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	178	8	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	178	9	observations	observation	NOUN
epaa-281	178	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	178	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	178	12	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-281	178	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	178	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	178	15	led	lead	VERB
epaa-281	178	16	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	178	17	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	178	18	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	178	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	179	1	to	to	PART
epaa-281	179	2	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-281	179	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	179	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	179	5	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	179	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	179	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	179	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	179	9	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	179	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	179	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	179	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	179	13	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	179	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	179	15	overrated	overrate	VERB
epaa-281	179	16	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	179	17	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-281	179	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	179	19	opponents	opponent	NOUN
epaa-281	179	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	179	21	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	179	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	179	23	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	179	24	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	179	25	alike	alike	ADV
epaa-281	179	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	180	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-281	180	2	three	three	NUM
epaa-281	180	3	times	time	NOUN
epaa-281	180	4	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	180	5	many	many	ADJ
epaa-281	180	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	180	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	180	8	maryland	maryland	PROPN
epaa-281	180	9	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	180	10	making	make	VERB
epaa-281	180	11	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	180	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	180	13	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	180	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	180	15	to	to	PART
epaa-281	180	16	accommodate	accommodate	VERB
epaa-281	180	17	the	the	DET
epaa-281	180	18	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	180	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	180	20	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-281	180	21	did	do	VERB
epaa-281	180	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	180	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	180	24	maine	maine	PROPN
epaa-281	180	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	180	26	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	180	27	observations	observation	NOUN
epaa-281	180	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	180	29	the	the	DET
epaa-281	180	30	exploration	exploration	NOUN
epaa-281	180	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	180	32	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	180	33	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-281	180	34	5	5	NUM
epaa-281	180	35	found	find	VERB
epaa-281	180	36	within	within	ADP
epaa-281	180	37	revealed	reveal	VERB
epaa-281	180	38	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	180	39	the	the	DET
epaa-281	180	40	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	180	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	180	42	both	both	DET
epaa-281	180	43	states	state	NOUN
epaa-281	180	44	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	180	45	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-281	180	46	the	the	DET
epaa-281	180	47	same	same	ADJ
epaa-281	180	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	181	1	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	181	2	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	181	3	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	181	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	181	5	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
epaa-281	181	6	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-281	181	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	181	8	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	181	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	181	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	181	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	181	12	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-281	181	13	combined	combine	VERB
epaa-281	181	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	181	15	moderately	moderately	ADV
epaa-281	181	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	181	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	181	18	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	181	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	181	20	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	181	21	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-281	181	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	181	23	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	181	24	generate	generate	VERB
epaa-281	181	25	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	181	26	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-281	181	27	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	181	28	the	the	DET
epaa-281	181	29	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	181	30	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-281	181	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	181	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	181	33	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	181	34	promote	promote	VERB
epaa-281	181	35	certain	certain	ADJ
epaa-281	181	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	181	37	observable	observable	ADJ
epaa-281	181	38	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	181	39	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	181	40	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	181	41	the	the	DET
epaa-281	181	42	alignment	alignment	NOUN
epaa-281	181	43	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	181	44	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	181	45	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-281	181	46	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	181	47	the	the	DET
epaa-281	181	48	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	181	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	181	50	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	181	51	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-281	181	52	less	less	ADV
epaa-281	181	53	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-281	181	54	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	181	55	changing	change	VERB
epaa-281	181	56	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	181	57	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	181	58	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	181	59	those	those	DET
epaa-281	181	60	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	181	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	182	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	182	2	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-281	182	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	182	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	182	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	182	6	makers	maker	NOUN
epaa-281	182	7	'	'	PART
epaa-281	182	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	182	9	fiddling	fiddle	VERB
epaa-281	182	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	182	11	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	182	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	182	13	use	use	NOUN
epaa-281	182	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	182	15	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	182	16	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	182	17	tools	tool	NOUN
epaa-281	182	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	182	19	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	182	20	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	182	21	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
epaa-281	182	22	misses	miss	VERB
epaa-281	182	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	182	24	major	major	ADJ
epaa-281	182	25	point	point	NOUN
epaa-281	182	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	182	27	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	182	28	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	182	29	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	182	30	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	182	31	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	182	32	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	182	33	will	will	AUX
epaa-281	182	34	not	not	PART
epaa-281	182	35	get	get	VERB
epaa-281	182	36	around	around	ADP
epaa-281	182	37	the	the	DET
epaa-281	182	38	need	need	NOUN
epaa-281	182	39	to	to	PART
epaa-281	182	40	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-281	182	41	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	182	42	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	182	43	have	have	VERB
epaa-281	182	44	a	a	DET
epaa-281	182	45	solid	solid	ADJ
epaa-281	182	46	foundation	foundation	NOUN
epaa-281	182	47	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	182	48	the	the	DET
epaa-281	182	49	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	182	50	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	182	51	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	182	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	182	53	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-281	182	54	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	182	55	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	182	56	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	182	57	to	to	PART
epaa-281	182	58	help	help	VERB
epaa-281	182	59	children	child	NOUN
epaa-281	182	60	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-281	182	61	those	those	DET
epaa-281	182	62	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	182	63	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	182	64	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	182	65	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	182	66	112	112	NUM
epaa-281	182	67	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	182	68	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	183	1	following	follow	VERB
epaa-281	183	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	183	3	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-281	183	4	line	line	NOUN
epaa-281	183	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	183	6	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-281	183	7	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	183	8	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	183	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	183	10	mayrowetz	mayrowetz	NOUN
epaa-281	183	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	183	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	183	13	fairman	fairman	NOUN
epaa-281	183	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	183	15	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	183	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	183	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	184	1	both	both	PRON
epaa-281	184	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	184	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	184	4	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	184	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	184	6	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	184	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	184	8	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	184	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	184	10	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-281	184	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	184	12	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	184	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	184	14	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	184	15	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	184	16	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	184	17	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	184	18	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-281	184	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	184	20	'	'	PART
epaa-281	184	21	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-281	184	22	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	184	23	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	184	24	to	to	PART
epaa-281	184	25	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	184	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	184	27	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	184	28	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	184	29	not	not	PART
epaa-281	184	30	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-281	184	31	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-281	184	32	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	184	33	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	184	34	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	184	35	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	184	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	185	1	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	185	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	185	3	a	a	DET
epaa-281	185	4	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-281	185	5	multi	multi	ADJ
epaa-281	185	6	-	-	ADJ
epaa-281	185	7	year	year	NOUN
epaa-281	185	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	185	9	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
epaa-281	185	10	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	185	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	185	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	185	13	relationships	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	185	14	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	185	15	national	national	ADJ
epaa-281	185	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	185	17	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	185	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	185	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	185	20	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	185	21	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	185	22	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	185	23	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-281	185	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	185	25	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	185	26	/	/	SYM
epaa-281	185	27	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	185	28	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	185	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	185	30	new	new	PROPN
epaa-281	185	31	york	york	PROPN
epaa-281	185	32	state	state	PROPN
epaa-281	185	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	185	34	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	185	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	185	36	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-281	185	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	185	38	reports	report	NOUN
epaa-281	185	39	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	185	40	the	the	DET
epaa-281	185	41	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	185	42	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	185	43	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	185	44	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	185	45	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	185	46	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	185	47	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	185	48	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	185	49	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	185	50	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	185	51	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	185	52	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	185	53	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	185	54	social	social	ADJ
epaa-281	185	55	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	185	56	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	185	57	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	185	58	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	185	59	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	185	60	the	the	DET
epaa-281	185	61	same	same	ADJ
epaa-281	185	62	suburban	suburban	ADJ
epaa-281	185	63	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	185	64	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	185	65	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-281	185	66	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	185	67	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	185	68	the	the	DET
epaa-281	185	69	same	same	ADJ
epaa-281	185	70	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	185	71	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	185	72	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	185	73	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
epaa-281	185	74	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	185	75	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	185	76	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	186	1	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	186	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	186	3	information	information	NOUN
epaa-281	186	4	he	he	PRON
epaa-281	186	5	gained	gain	VERB
epaa-281	186	6	through	through	ADP
epaa-281	186	7	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	186	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	186	9	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	186	10	observations	observation	NOUN
epaa-281	186	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	186	12	these	these	DET
epaa-281	186	13	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	186	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	186	15	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-281	186	16	a	a	DET
epaa-281	186	17	civil	civil	ADJ
epaa-281	186	18	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-281	186	19	unit	unit	NOUN
epaa-281	186	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	186	21	he	he	PRON
epaa-281	186	22	found	find	VERB
epaa-281	186	23	little	little	ADJ
epaa-281	186	24	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-281	186	25	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	186	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	186	27	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	186	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	186	29	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	186	30	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	186	31	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	186	32	either	either	DET
epaa-281	186	33	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	186	34	's	's	PART
epaa-281	186	35	content	content	NOUN
epaa-281	186	36	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	186	37	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-281	186	38	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-281	186	39	making	making	NOUN
epaa-281	186	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	187	1	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	187	2	's	's	PART
epaa-281	187	3	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	187	4	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	187	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	187	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	187	7	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	187	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	187	9	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	187	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	187	11	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	187	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	187	13	several	several	ADJ
epaa-281	187	14	interacting	interact	VERB
epaa-281	187	15	influences	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	187	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	187	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	187	18	'	'	PART
epaa-281	187	19	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	187	20	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	187	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	187	22	none	none	NOUN
epaa-281	187	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	187	24	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	187	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	187	26	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-281	187	27	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	187	28	all	all	DET
epaa-281	187	29	times	time	NOUN
epaa-281	187	30	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	187	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	187	32	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	187	33	422	422	NUM
epaa-281	187	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	187	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	188	1	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	188	2	argues	argue	VERB
epaa-281	188	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	188	4	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	188	5	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	188	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	188	7	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	188	8	a	a	DET
epaa-281	188	9	tool	tool	NOUN
epaa-281	188	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	188	11	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	188	12	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	188	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	188	14	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	188	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	188	16	a	a	DET
epaa-281	188	17	lever	lever	NOUN
epaa-281	188	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	188	19	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	188	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	188	21	an	an	DET
epaa-281	188	22	uncertain	uncertain	ADJ
epaa-281	188	23	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	188	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	189	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-281	189	2	finds	find	VERB
epaa-281	189	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	189	4	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	189	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	189	6	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	189	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	189	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	189	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	189	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	189	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	189	12	social	social	ADJ
epaa-281	189	13	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	189	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	189	15	apparent	apparent	ADJ
epaa-281	189	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	189	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	189	18	that	that	DET
epaa-281	189	19	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	189	20	interacts	interact	VERB
epaa-281	189	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	189	22	a	a	DET
epaa-281	189	23	range	range	NOUN
epaa-281	189	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	189	25	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	189	26	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-281	189	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	189	28	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-281	189	29	the	the	DET
epaa-281	189	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	189	31	'	'	PART
epaa-281	189	32	view	view	NOUN
epaa-281	189	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	189	34	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-281	189	35	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-281	189	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	189	37	learners	learner	NOUN
epaa-281	189	38	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	189	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	189	40	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	189	41	414	414	NUM
epaa-281	189	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	189	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	190	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	190	2	another	another	DET
epaa-281	190	3	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	190	4	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	190	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	190	6	information	information	NOUN
epaa-281	190	7	gained	gain	VERB
epaa-281	190	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	190	9	focus	focus	NOUN
epaa-281	190	10	group	group	NOUN
epaa-281	190	11	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	190	12	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	190	13	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-281	190	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	190	15	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-281	190	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	190	17	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	190	18	rural	rural	ADJ
epaa-281	190	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	190	20	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-281	190	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	190	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	190	23	suburban	suburban	ADJ
epaa-281	190	24	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-281	190	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	190	26	new	new	PROPN
epaa-281	190	27	york	york	PROPN
epaa-281	190	28	state	state	PROPN
epaa-281	190	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	190	30	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	190	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	190	32	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	190	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	190	34	reports	report	VERB
epaa-281	190	35	considerable	considerable	ADJ
epaa-281	190	36	variability	variability	NOUN
epaa-281	190	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	190	38	the	the	DET
epaa-281	190	39	way	way	NOUN
epaa-281	190	40	the	the	DET
epaa-281	190	41	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	190	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	190	43	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-281	190	44	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	190	45	made	make	VERB
epaa-281	190	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	190	47	the	the	DET
epaa-281	190	48	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	190	49	's	's	PART
epaa-281	190	50	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	190	51	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	190	52	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	190	53	playing	play	VERB
epaa-281	190	54	out	out	ADP
epaa-281	190	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	190	56	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	190	57	as	as	ADV
epaa-281	190	58	many	many	ADJ
epaa-281	190	59	unintended	unintended	ADJ
epaa-281	190	60	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	190	61	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-281	190	62	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	190	63	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	191	1	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	191	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	191	3	these	these	DET
epaa-281	191	4	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	191	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	191	6	he	he	PRON
epaa-281	191	7	contends	contend	VERB
epaa-281	191	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	191	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	191	10	see	see	VERB
epaa-281	191	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	191	12	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	191	13	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	191	14	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	191	15	reportedly	reportedly	ADV
epaa-281	191	16	tied	tie	VERB
epaa-281	191	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	191	18	the	the	DET
epaa-281	191	19	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	191	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	191	21	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	191	22	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	191	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	191	24	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	191	25	a	a	DET
epaa-281	191	26	mixed	mixed	ADJ
epaa-281	191	27	bag	bag	NOUN
epaa-281	191	28	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	191	29	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	191	30	the	the	DET
epaa-281	191	31	prospects	prospect	NOUN
epaa-281	191	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	191	33	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	191	34	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	191	35	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	191	36	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-281	191	37	mirror	mirror	NOUN
epaa-281	191	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	191	39	support	support	VERB
epaa-281	191	40	thoughtful	thoughtful	ADJ
epaa-281	191	41	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	191	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	191	43	closer	close	ADJ
epaa-281	191	44	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
epaa-281	191	45	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	191	46	colleagues	colleague	NOUN
epaa-281	191	47	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	191	48	mitigated	mitigate	VERB
epaa-281	191	49	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	191	50	the	the	DET
epaa-281	191	51	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-281	191	52	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	191	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	191	54	among	among	ADP
epaa-281	191	55	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	191	56	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-281	191	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	191	58	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
epaa-281	191	59	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	191	60	the	the	DET
epaa-281	191	61	rationale	rationale	NOUN
epaa-281	191	62	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	191	63	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	191	64	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	191	65	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	191	66	the	the	DET
epaa-281	191	67	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	191	68	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	191	69	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	191	70	the	the	DET
epaa-281	191	71	unevenness	unevenness	NOUN
epaa-281	191	72	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	191	73	the	the	DET
epaa-281	191	74	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-281	191	75	to	to	PART
epaa-281	191	76	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-281	191	77	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	191	78	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	191	79	respond	respond	VERB
epaa-281	191	80	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	191	81	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	191	82	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	191	83	the	the	DET
epaa-281	191	84	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	191	85	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	192	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	192	2	12	12	NUM
epaa-281	192	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	192	4	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	192	5	short	short	ADJ
epaa-281	192	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	192	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	192	8	across	across	ADP
epaa-281	192	9	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	192	10	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-281	192	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	192	12	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-281	192	13	matters	matter	NOUN
epaa-281	192	14	express	express	VERB
epaa-281	192	15	an	an	DET
epaa-281	192	16	uneasy	uneasy	ADJ
epaa-281	192	17	combination	combination	NOUN
epaa-281	192	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	192	19	hope	hope	NOUN
epaa-281	192	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	192	21	fear	fear	NOUN
epaa-281	192	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	192	23	anticipation	anticipation	NOUN
epaa-281	192	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	192	25	dread	dread	NOUN
epaa-281	192	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	193	3	6	6	NUM
epaa-281	193	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	5	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	193	6	most	most	ADJ
epaa-281	193	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	193	8	these	these	DET
epaa-281	193	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	193	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	11	praised	praise	VERB
epaa-281	193	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	193	13	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-281	193	14	to	to	PART
epaa-281	193	15	bring	bring	VERB
epaa-281	193	16	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-281	193	17	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	193	18	into	into	ADP
epaa-281	193	19	closer	close	ADJ
epaa-281	193	20	alignment	alignment	NOUN
epaa-281	193	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	193	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	193	23	kind	kind	NOUN
epaa-281	193	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	193	25	ambitious	ambitious	ADJ
epaa-281	193	26	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	193	27	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	193	28	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-281	193	29	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	193	30	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	193	31	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	33	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	193	34	7	7	NUM
epaa-281	193	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	37	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	193	38	also	also	ADV
epaa-281	193	39	expressed	express	VERB
epaa-281	193	40	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-281	193	41	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	42	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	193	43	the	the	DET
epaa-281	193	44	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	193	45	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	193	46	could	could	AUX
epaa-281	193	47	produce	produce	VERB
epaa-281	193	48	undesirable	undesirable	ADJ
epaa-281	193	49	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	193	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	51	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	52	namely	namely	ADV
epaa-281	193	53	reductionistic	reductionistic	ADJ
epaa-281	193	54	approaches	approach	NOUN
epaa-281	193	55	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	193	56	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-281	193	57	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	193	58	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	193	59	as	as	ADV
epaa-281	193	60	well	well	ADV
epaa-281	193	61	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	193	62	an	an	DET
epaa-281	193	63	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-281	193	64	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-281	193	65	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	193	66	remediation	remediation	NOUN
epaa-281	193	67	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	68	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	193	69	14	14	NUM
epaa-281	193	70	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	193	71	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	194	1	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	194	2	no	no	DET
epaa-281	194	3	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-281	194	4	surprise	surprise	NOUN
epaa-281	194	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	194	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	194	7	all	all	PRON
epaa-281	194	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	194	9	the	the	DET
epaa-281	194	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	194	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	194	12	this	this	DET
epaa-281	194	13	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	194	14	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	194	15	being	be	AUX
epaa-281	194	16	concerned	concerned	ADJ
epaa-281	194	17	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	194	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	194	19	'	'	PART
epaa-281	194	20	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	194	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	194	22	these	these	DET
epaa-281	194	23	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	194	24	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	194	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	195	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	195	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	195	3	intriguing	intriguing	ADJ
epaa-281	195	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	195	5	however	however	ADV
epaa-281	195	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	195	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	195	8	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	195	9	's	's	PART
epaa-281	195	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	195	11	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	195	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	195	13	observation	observation	NOUN
epaa-281	195	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	195	15	suburban	suburban	ADJ
epaa-281	195	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	195	17	seemed	seem	VERB
epaa-281	195	18	to	to	PART
epaa-281	195	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	195	20	even	even	ADV
epaa-281	195	21	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	195	22	concerned	concerned	ADJ
epaa-281	195	23	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	195	24	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	195	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	195	26	'	'	PART
epaa-281	195	27	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	195	28	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	195	29	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	195	30	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-281	195	31	peers	peer	NOUN
epaa-281	195	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	196	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	196	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	196	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	196	4	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
epaa-281	196	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	196	6	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	196	7	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	196	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	196	9	will	will	AUX
epaa-281	196	10	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-281	196	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	196	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	196	13	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	196	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	196	15	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	196	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	196	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	196	18	felt	feel	VERB
epaa-281	196	19	anxious	anxious	ADJ
epaa-281	196	20	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	196	21	these	these	DET
epaa-281	196	22	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	196	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	196	24	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	196	25	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-281	196	26	threat	threat	NOUN
epaa-281	196	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	196	28	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	196	29	'	'	PART
epaa-281	196	30	standings	standing	NOUN
epaa-281	196	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	197	1	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	197	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	197	3	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	197	4	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-281	197	5	explanation	explanation	NOUN
epaa-281	197	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	197	7	this	this	DET
epaa-281	197	8	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
epaa-281	197	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	197	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	197	11	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	197	12	not	not	PART
epaa-281	197	13	all	all	DET
epaa-281	197	14	suburban	suburban	ADJ
epaa-281	197	15	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-281	197	16	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	197	17	equal	equal	ADJ
epaa-281	197	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	197	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	197	20	p.15	p.15	NOUN
epaa-281	197	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	197	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	197	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	197	24	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	197	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	197	26	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	197	27	stake	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	197	28	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	197	29	those	those	DET
epaa-281	197	30	suburban	suburban	ADJ
epaa-281	197	31	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-281	197	32	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	197	33	have	have	AUX
epaa-281	197	34	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-281	197	35	ranked	rank	VERB
epaa-281	197	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	197	37	the	the	DET
epaa-281	197	38	top	top	ADJ
epaa-281	197	39	quartile	quartile	NOUN
epaa-281	197	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	197	41	according	accord	VERB
epaa-281	197	42	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	197	43	a	a	DET
epaa-281	197	44	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-281	197	45	publicized	publicize	VERB
epaa-281	197	46	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	197	47	business	business	NOUN
epaa-281	197	48	magazine	magazine	NOUN
epaa-281	197	49	):	):	PUNCT
epaa-281	197	50	top	top	ADJ
epaa-281	197	51	quartile	quartile	ADJ
epaa-281	197	52	spots	spot	NOUN
epaa-281	197	53	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	197	54	this	this	DET
epaa-281	197	55	list	list	NOUN
epaa-281	197	56	have	have	VERB
epaa-281	197	57	real	real	ADJ
epaa-281	197	58	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	197	59	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	197	60	real	real	ADJ
epaa-281	197	61	estate	estate	NOUN
epaa-281	197	62	values	value	NOUN
epaa-281	197	63	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	197	64	bragging	brag	VERB
epaa-281	197	65	rights	right	NOUN
epaa-281	197	66	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	197	67	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	197	68	the	the	DET
epaa-281	197	69	like	like	ADJ
epaa-281	197	70	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	197	71	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	197	72	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	197	73	the	the	DET
epaa-281	197	74	scramble	scramble	NOUN
epaa-281	197	75	to	to	PART
epaa-281	197	76	move	move	VERB
epaa-281	197	77	up	up	ADP
epaa-281	197	78	can	can	AUX
epaa-281	197	79	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	197	80	intense	intense	ADJ
epaa-281	197	81	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-281	197	82	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	198	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	198	2	people	people	NOUN
epaa-281	198	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	198	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	198	5	performing	perform	VERB
epaa-281	198	6	[	[	X
epaa-281	198	7	suburban	suburban	ADJ
epaa-281	198	8	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-281	198	9	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	198	10	want	want	VERB
epaa-281	198	11	to	to	PART
epaa-281	198	12	maintain	maintain	VERB
epaa-281	198	13	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	198	14	position	position	NOUN
epaa-281	198	15	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	198	16	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-281	198	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	198	18	middle	middle	ADJ
epaa-281	198	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	198	20	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	198	21	performing	perform	VERB
epaa-281	198	22	[	[	X
epaa-281	198	23	suburban	suburban	ADJ
epaa-281	198	24	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-281	198	25	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	198	26	hope	hope	VERB
epaa-281	198	27	to	to	PART
epaa-281	198	28	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	198	29	least	least	ADJ
epaa-281	198	30	avoid	avoid	VERB
epaa-281	198	31	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-281	198	32	further	far	ADV
epaa-281	198	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	199	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	199	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	199	3	15	15	NUM
epaa-281	199	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	199	5	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	199	6	's	's	PART
epaa-281	199	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	199	8	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	199	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	199	10	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	199	11	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	199	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	199	13	there	there	PRON
epaa-281	199	14	are	be	VERB
epaa-281	199	15	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-281	199	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	199	17	the	the	DET
epaa-281	199	18	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-281	199	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	199	20	perceive	perceive	ADJ
epaa-281	199	21	reforms	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	199	22	across	across	ADP
epaa-281	199	23	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	199	24	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-281	199	25	as	as	ADV
epaa-281	199	26	well	well	ADV
epaa-281	199	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	200	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	200	2	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	200	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	200	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	200	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	200	6	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	200	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	200	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	200	9	example	example	NOUN
epaa-281	200	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	200	11	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	200	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	200	13	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	200	14	felt	felt	AUX
epaa-281	200	15	pressured	pressure	VERB
epaa-281	200	16	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	200	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	200	18	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	200	19	to	to	PART
epaa-281	200	20	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-281	200	21	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-281	200	22	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	200	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	201	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	201	2	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-281	201	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	201	4	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	201	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	201	6	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	201	7	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	201	8	not	not	PART
epaa-281	201	9	feel	feel	VERB
epaa-281	201	10	less	less	ADJ
epaa-281	201	11	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-281	201	12	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-281	201	13	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	201	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	201	15	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	201	16	peers	peer	NOUN
epaa-281	201	17	to	to	PART
epaa-281	201	18	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-281	201	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	201	20	'	'	PART
epaa-281	201	21	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	201	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	201	23	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	201	24	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	201	25	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	201	26	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	201	27	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	201	28	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	201	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	201	30	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	201	31	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-281	201	32	to	to	PART
epaa-281	201	33	talk	talk	VERB
epaa-281	201	34	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	201	35	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	201	36	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	201	37	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	201	38	part	part	NOUN
epaa-281	201	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	201	40	a	a	DET
epaa-281	201	41	bigger	big	ADJ
epaa-281	201	42	picture	picture	NOUN
epaa-281	201	43	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	201	44	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	201	45	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	201	46	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	201	47	progressing	progress	VERB
epaa-281	201	48	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	201	49	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	201	50	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	201	51	16	16	NUM
epaa-281	201	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	201	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	202	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	202	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	202	3	result	result	NOUN
epaa-281	202	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	202	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	202	6	building	building	NOUN
epaa-281	202	7	principal	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	202	8	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	202	9	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-281	202	10	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-281	202	11	to	to	PART
epaa-281	202	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	202	13	less	less	ADJ
epaa-281	202	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	202	15	a	a	DET
epaa-281	202	16	factor	factor	NOUN
epaa-281	202	17	among	among	ADP
epaa-281	202	18	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-281	202	19	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-281	202	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	203	1	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	203	2	's	's	PART
epaa-281	203	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	203	4	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	203	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	203	6	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	203	7	also	also	ADV
epaa-281	203	8	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	203	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	203	10	there	there	PRON
epaa-281	203	11	are	be	VERB
epaa-281	203	12	real	real	ADJ
epaa-281	203	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	203	14	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	203	15	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-281	203	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	203	17	the	the	DET
epaa-281	203	18	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-281	203	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	203	20	perceive	perceive	ADJ
epaa-281	203	21	reforms	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	203	22	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	203	23	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-281	203	24	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-281	203	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	204	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-281	204	2	reports	report	VERB
epaa-281	204	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	204	4	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	204	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	204	6	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	204	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	204	8	language	language	NOUN
epaa-281	204	9	arts	art	NOUN
epaa-281	204	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	204	11	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-281	204	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	204	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	204	14	science	science	NOUN
epaa-281	204	15	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	204	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	204	17	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-281	204	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	204	19	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-281	204	20	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	204	21	have	have	AUX
epaa-281	204	22	undergone	undergo	VERB
epaa-281	204	23	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-281	204	24	transformations	transformation	NOUN
epaa-281	204	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	204	26	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-281	204	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	204	28	a	a	DET
epaa-281	204	29	reduction	reduction	NOUN
epaa-281	204	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	204	31	the	the	DET
epaa-281	204	32	number	number	NOUN
epaa-281	204	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	204	34	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-281	204	35	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	204	36	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-281	204	37	items	item	NOUN
epaa-281	204	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	204	39	an	an	DET
epaa-281	204	40	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-281	204	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	204	42	the	the	DET
epaa-281	204	43	number	number	NOUN
epaa-281	204	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	204	45	range	range	NOUN
epaa-281	204	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	204	47	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	204	48	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-281	204	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	204	50	the	the	DET
epaa-281	204	51	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	204	52	made	make	VERB
epaa-281	204	53	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	204	54	the	the	DET
epaa-281	204	55	social	social	ADJ
epaa-281	204	56	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	204	57	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	204	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	204	59	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	204	60	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-281	204	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	204	62	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	204	63	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	204	64	less	less	ADV
epaa-281	204	65	dramatic	dramatic	ADJ
epaa-281	204	66	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	204	67	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	204	68	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	204	69	7	7	NUM
epaa-281	204	70	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	204	71	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	205	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	205	2	persistence	persistence	NOUN
epaa-281	205	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	205	4	heavy	heavy	ADJ
epaa-281	205	5	presence	presence	NOUN
epaa-281	205	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	205	7	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-281	205	8	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	205	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	205	10	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	205	11	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-281	205	12	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-281	205	13	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-281	205	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	205	15	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	205	16	account	account	VERB
epaa-281	205	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	205	18	50	50	NUM
epaa-281	205	19	to	to	PART
epaa-281	205	20	55	55	NUM
epaa-281	205	21	%	%	NOUN
epaa-281	205	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	205	23	a	a	DET
epaa-281	205	24	student	student	NOUN
epaa-281	205	25	's	's	PART
epaa-281	205	26	score	score	NOUN
epaa-281	205	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	205	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	205	29	new	new	PROPN
epaa-281	205	30	york	york	PROPN
epaa-281	205	31	state	state	PROPN
epaa-281	205	32	's	's	PART
epaa-281	205	33	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	205	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	205	35	revised	revise	VERB
epaa-281	205	36	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	205	37	social	social	ADJ
epaa-281	205	38	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	205	39	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	205	40	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	205	41	the	the	DET
epaa-281	205	42	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	205	43	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	205	44	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-281	205	45	have	have	AUX
epaa-281	205	46	led	lead	VERB
epaa-281	205	47	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-281	205	48	social	social	ADJ
epaa-281	205	49	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	205	50	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	205	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	205	52	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	205	53	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-281	205	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	205	55	to	to	PART
epaa-281	205	56	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-281	205	57	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	205	58	the	the	DET
epaa-281	205	59	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	205	60	has	have	AUX
epaa-281	205	61	changed	change	VERB
epaa-281	205	62	little	little	ADJ
epaa-281	205	63	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-281	205	64	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	206	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	206	2	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	206	3	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	206	4	's	's	PART
epaa-281	206	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	206	6	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	206	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	206	8	report	report	NOUN
epaa-281	206	9	mentioned	mention	VERB
epaa-281	206	10	earlier	early	ADV
epaa-281	206	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	206	12	not	not	PART
epaa-281	206	13	all	all	PRON
epaa-281	206	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	206	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	206	16	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	206	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	206	18	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	206	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	206	20	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	206	21	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	206	22	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	206	23	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	206	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	206	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	206	26	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	206	27	's	's	PART
epaa-281	206	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	206	29	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	206	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	206	31	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	206	32	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	206	33	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-281	206	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	206	35	however	however	ADV
epaa-281	206	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	207	1	several	several	ADJ
epaa-281	207	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	207	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	207	4	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-281	207	5	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-281	207	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	207	7	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	207	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	207	9	math	math	NOUN
epaa-281	207	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	207	11	english	english	PROPN
epaa-281	207	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	207	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	207	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	207	15	example	example	NOUN
epaa-281	207	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	207	17	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-281	207	18	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-281	207	19	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
epaa-281	207	20	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	207	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	207	22	peers	peer	NOUN
epaa-281	207	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	208	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	208	2	development	development	NOUN
epaa-281	208	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	208	4	informal	informal	ADJ
epaa-281	208	5	networks	network	NOUN
epaa-281	208	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	208	7	relationships	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	208	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	208	9	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-281	208	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	208	11	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	208	12	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	208	13	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	208	14	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	208	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	208	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	208	17	key	key	ADJ
epaa-281	208	18	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-281	208	19	stemming	stem	VERB
epaa-281	208	20	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	208	21	the	the	DET
epaa-281	208	22	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	208	23	made	make	VERB
epaa-281	208	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	208	25	the	the	DET
epaa-281	208	26	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	208	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	208	28	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	208	29	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	208	30	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	208	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	209	1	13	13	NUM
epaa-281	209	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	209	3	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	209	4	zancanella	zancanella	NOUN
epaa-281	209	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	209	6	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	209	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	209	8	investigated	investigate	VERB
epaa-281	209	9	the	the	DET
epaa-281	209	10	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	209	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	209	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	209	13	language	language	NOUN
epaa-281	209	14	arts	art	NOUN
epaa-281	209	15	segment	segment	NOUN
epaa-281	209	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	209	17	the	the	DET
epaa-281	209	18	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	209	19	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	209	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	209	21	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	209	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	209	23	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	209	24	missouri	missouri	PROPN
epaa-281	209	25	mastery	mastery	PROPN
epaa-281	209	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	209	27	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-281	209	28	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	209	29	given	give	VERB
epaa-281	209	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	209	31	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	209	32	6	6	NUM
epaa-281	209	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	209	34	7	7	NUM
epaa-281	209	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	209	36	8	8	NUM
epaa-281	209	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	209	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	209	39	9	9	NUM
epaa-281	209	40	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	209	41	the	the	DET
epaa-281	209	42	thought	thought	NOUN
epaa-281	209	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	209	44	action	action	NOUN
epaa-281	209	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	209	46	three	three	NUM
epaa-281	209	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	209	48	tenured	tenure	VERB
epaa-281	209	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	209	50	middle	middle	ADJ
epaa-281	209	51	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	209	52	/	/	SYM
epaa-281	209	53	junior	junior	ADJ
epaa-281	209	54	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	209	55	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	209	56	english	english	ADJ
epaa-281	209	57	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	209	58	language	language	NOUN
epaa-281	209	59	arts	art	NOUN
epaa-281	209	60	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	209	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	210	1	these	these	DET
epaa-281	210	2	case	case	NOUN
epaa-281	210	3	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	210	4	revealed	reveal	VERB
epaa-281	210	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	210	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	7	import	import	NOUN
epaa-281	210	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	210	9	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	10	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	210	11	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	210	12	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	210	13	held	hold	VERB
epaa-281	210	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	210	15	these	these	DET
epaa-281	210	16	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	210	17	's	's	PART
epaa-281	210	18	thinking	thinking	NOUN
epaa-281	210	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	210	20	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	210	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	210	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	210	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	210	25	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	210	26	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	210	27	related	relate	VERB
epaa-281	210	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	210	29	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	210	30	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-281	210	31	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	210	32	1	1	X
epaa-281	210	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	210	34	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	35	fit	fit	NOUN
epaa-281	210	36	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	210	37	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	38	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	210	39	's	's	PART
epaa-281	210	40	preferred	preferred	ADJ
epaa-281	210	41	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-281	210	42	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	210	43	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-281	210	44	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	210	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	210	46	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	47	conceptions	conception	NOUN
epaa-281	210	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	210	49	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	210	50	embodied	embody	VERB
epaa-281	210	51	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	210	52	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	53	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	210	54	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	210	55	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	210	56	2	2	X
epaa-281	210	57	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	210	58	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	59	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-281	210	60	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	210	61	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	210	62	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-281	210	63	power	power	NOUN
epaa-281	210	64	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	210	65	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	66	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	210	67	held	hold	VERB
epaa-281	210	68	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	210	69	that	that	ADV
epaa-281	210	70	is	is	ADV
epaa-281	210	71	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	210	72	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	73	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	210	74	's	's	PART
epaa-281	210	75	place	place	NOUN
epaa-281	210	76	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	210	77	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	78	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-281	210	79	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-281	210	80	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	210	81	making	make	VERB
epaa-281	210	82	structure	structure	NOUN
epaa-281	210	83	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	210	84	the	the	DET
epaa-281	210	85	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	210	86	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	211	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-281	211	2	concludes	conclude	VERB
epaa-281	211	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	211	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	211	5	'	'	PART
epaa-281	211	6	responses	response	NOUN
epaa-281	211	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	211	8	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	211	9	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	211	10	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	211	11	cast	cast	VERB
epaa-281	211	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	211	13	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-281	211	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	211	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	211	16	prior	prior	ADJ
epaa-281	211	17	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	211	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	211	19	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	211	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	211	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	211	22	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
epaa-281	211	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	212	2	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	212	3	words	word	NOUN
epaa-281	212	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	6	biography	biography	NOUN
epaa-281	212	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	212	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	212	10	's	's	PART
epaa-281	212	11	own	own	ADJ
epaa-281	212	12	past	past	ADJ
epaa-281	212	13	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-281	212	14	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	212	15	an	an	DET
epaa-281	212	16	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	212	17	force	force	NOUN
epaa-281	212	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	212	19	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	20	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-281	212	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	212	22	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	212	23	these	these	DET
epaa-281	212	24	three	three	NUM
epaa-281	212	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	212	26	responded	respond	VERB
epaa-281	212	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	28	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-281	212	29	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-281	212	30	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	212	31	related	relate	VERB
epaa-281	212	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	212	33	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	35	a	a	X
epaa-281	212	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	37	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	38	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-281	212	39	to	to	PART
epaa-281	212	40	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	212	41	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	212	42	'	'	PART
epaa-281	212	43	conceptions	conception	NOUN
epaa-281	212	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	212	45	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	46	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	212	47	matches	match	VERB
epaa-281	212	48	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	49	conception	conception	NOUN
epaa-281	212	50	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	212	51	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	52	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	212	53	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	54	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	212	55	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-281	212	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	57	a	a	DET
epaa-281	212	58	version	version	NOUN
epaa-281	212	59	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	212	60	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	212	61	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	212	62	often	often	ADV
epaa-281	212	63	called	call	VERB
epaa-281	212	64	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	65	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-281	212	66	alignment	alignment	NOUN
epaa-281	212	67	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	68	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	69	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	212	70	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	71	b	b	X
epaa-281	212	72	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	73	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	74	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-281	212	75	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	212	76	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	212	77	might	might	AUX
epaa-281	212	78	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	212	79	called	call	VERB
epaa-281	212	80	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	81	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-281	212	82	power	power	NOUN
epaa-281	212	83	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	84	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	85	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	212	86	possesses	possess	VERB
epaa-281	212	87	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	88	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	89	amalgam	amalgam	NOUN
epaa-281	212	90	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	212	91	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-281	212	92	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	93	status	status	NOUN
epaa-281	212	94	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	212	95	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	212	96	position	position	NOUN
epaa-281	212	97	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	212	98	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	99	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	212	100	organization	organization	NOUN
epaa-281	212	101	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	212	102	determines	determine	VERB
epaa-281	212	103	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	212	104	much	much	ADJ
epaa-281	212	105	say	say	VERB
epaa-281	212	106	the	the	DET
epaa-281	212	107	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	212	108	has	have	VERB
epaa-281	212	109	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	212	110	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-281	212	111	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-281	212	112	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	212	113	informal	informal	ADJ
epaa-281	212	114	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-281	212	115	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	212	116	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	212	117	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-281	212	118	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	212	119	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-281	212	120	a	a	DET
epaa-281	212	121	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-281	212	122	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	212	123	viewed	view	VERB
epaa-281	212	124	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	212	125	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
epaa-281	212	126	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	213	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	213	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	213	3	292	292	NUM
epaa-281	213	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	213	5	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-281	213	6	tenured	tenure	VERB
epaa-281	213	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	213	8	ms	ms	PROPN
epaa-281	213	9	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	213	10	kelly	kelly	PROPN
epaa-281	213	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	213	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	213	13	example	example	NOUN
epaa-281	213	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	213	15	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	213	16	feeling	feel	VERB
epaa-281	213	17	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-281	213	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	213	19	the	the	DET
epaa-281	213	20	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	213	21	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-281	213	22	to	to	PART
epaa-281	213	23	have	have	AUX
epaa-281	213	24	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	213	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	213	26	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-281	213	27	well	well	ADV
epaa-281	213	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	213	29	the	the	DET
epaa-281	213	30	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	213	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	213	32	the	the	DET
epaa-281	213	33	need	need	NOUN
epaa-281	213	34	to	to	PART
epaa-281	213	35	change	change	VERB
epaa-281	213	36	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	213	37	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	213	38	style	style	NOUN
epaa-281	213	39	to	to	PART
epaa-281	213	40	do	do	VERB
epaa-281	213	41	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	213	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	214	1	another	another	DET
epaa-281	214	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	214	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	214	4	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	214	5	also	also	ADV
epaa-281	214	6	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-281	214	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	214	8	same	same	ADJ
epaa-281	214	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	214	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	214	11	ms	ms	PROPN
epaa-281	214	12	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	214	13	kelly	kelly	PROPN
epaa-281	214	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	214	15	saw	see	VERB
epaa-281	214	16	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	214	17	inductive	inductive	ADJ
epaa-281	214	18	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-281	214	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	214	20	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	214	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	214	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	214	23	nurturing	nurturing	NOUN
epaa-281	214	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	214	25	lifelong	lifelong	ADJ
epaa-281	214	26	readers	reader	NOUN
epaa-281	214	27	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	214	28	being	be	AUX
epaa-281	214	29	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	214	30	odds	odd	NOUN
epaa-281	214	31	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	214	32	the	the	DET
epaa-281	214	33	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	214	34	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	214	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	214	36	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	214	37	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	214	38	not	not	PART
epaa-281	214	39	feel	feel	VERB
epaa-281	214	40	threatened	threaten	VERB
epaa-281	214	41	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	214	42	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	214	43	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	214	44	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	214	45	would	would	AUX
epaa-281	214	46	damage	damage	VERB
epaa-281	214	47	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	214	48	reputation	reputation	NOUN
epaa-281	214	49	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	214	50	position	position	NOUN
epaa-281	214	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	215	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	215	2	department	department	NOUN
epaa-281	215	3	chair	chair	NOUN
epaa-281	215	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	215	5	a	a	DET
epaa-281	215	6	veteran	veteran	ADJ
epaa-281	215	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	215	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	215	9	thirteen	thirteen	NUM
epaa-281	215	10	years	year	NOUN
epaa-281	215	11	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-281	215	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	215	13	ms	ms	PROPN
epaa-281	215	14	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	215	15	martin	martin	PROPN
epaa-281	215	16	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	215	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	215	18	she	she	PRON
epaa-281	215	19	felt	feel	VERB
epaa-281	215	20	free	free	ADJ
epaa-281	215	21	to	to	PART
epaa-281	215	22	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	215	23	go	go	VERB
epaa-281	215	24	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-281	215	25	quiet	quiet	ADJ
epaa-281	215	26	resistance	resistance	NOUN
epaa-281	215	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	215	28	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-281	215	29	hammer	hammer	VERB
epaa-281	215	30	away	away	ADV
epaa-281	215	31	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-281	215	32	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	215	33	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	215	34	principal	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	215	35	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	215	36	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	215	37	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-281	215	38	related	relate	VERB
epaa-281	215	39	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	215	40	the	the	DET
epaa-281	215	41	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	215	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	215	43	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	215	44	228	228	NUM
epaa-281	215	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	215	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	216	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	216	2	third	third	ADJ
epaa-281	216	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	216	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	216	5	mr	mr	PROPN
epaa-281	216	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	216	7	davidson	davidson	PROPN
epaa-281	216	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	216	9	saw	see	VERB
epaa-281	216	10	the	the	DET
epaa-281	216	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	216	12	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	216	13	compatible	compatible	ADJ
epaa-281	216	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	216	15	his	his	PRON
epaa-281	216	16	idea	idea	NOUN
epaa-281	216	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	216	18	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-281	216	19	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	216	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	216	21	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-281	216	22	there	there	PRON
epaa-281	216	23	were	be	VERB
epaa-281	216	24	times	time	NOUN
epaa-281	216	25	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-281	216	26	the	the	DET
epaa-281	216	27	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	216	28	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	216	29	seen	see	VERB
epaa-281	216	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	216	31	intrusive	intrusive	ADJ
epaa-281	216	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	216	33	counterproductive	counterproductive	ADJ
epaa-281	216	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	217	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-281	217	2	his	his	PRON
epaa-281	217	3	misgivings	misgiving	NOUN
epaa-281	217	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	217	5	his	his	PRON
epaa-281	217	6	way	way	NOUN
epaa-281	217	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	217	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	217	9	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	217	10	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	217	11	seen	see	VERB
epaa-281	217	12	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	217	13	compatible	compatible	ADJ
epaa-281	217	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	217	15	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	217	16	not	not	PART
epaa-281	217	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	217	18	aligned	align	VERB
epaa-281	217	19	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	217	20	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	217	21	the	the	DET
epaa-281	217	22	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	217	23	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	217	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	218	1	mr	mr	PROPN
epaa-281	218	2	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	218	3	davidson	davidson	PROPN
epaa-281	218	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	218	5	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-281	218	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	218	7	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	218	8	not	not	PART
epaa-281	218	9	see	see	VERB
epaa-281	218	10	a	a	DET
epaa-281	218	11	need	need	NOUN
epaa-281	218	12	to	to	PART
epaa-281	218	13	adjust	adjust	VERB
epaa-281	218	14	his	his	PRON
epaa-281	218	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	218	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	218	17	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-281	218	18	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-281	218	19	related	relate	VERB
epaa-281	218	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	218	21	the	the	DET
epaa-281	218	22	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	218	23	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	218	24	had	have	VERB
epaa-281	218	25	little	little	ADJ
epaa-281	218	26	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-281	218	27	consequence	consequence	NOUN
epaa-281	218	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	218	29	his	his	PRON
epaa-281	218	30	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	218	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	219	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	219	2	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	219	3	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-281	219	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	219	5	this	this	DET
epaa-281	219	6	section	section	NOUN
epaa-281	219	7	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	219	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	219	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	219	10	'	'	PART
epaa-281	219	11	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
epaa-281	219	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	219	13	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	219	14	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	219	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	219	16	influenced	influence	VERB
epaa-281	219	17	not	not	PART
epaa-281	219	18	only	only	ADV
epaa-281	219	19	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	219	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	219	21	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	219	22	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-281	219	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	219	24	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	219	25	the	the	DET
epaa-281	219	26	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-281	219	27	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	219	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	219	29	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-281	219	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	219	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	219	32	experience	experience	VERB
epaa-281	219	33	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-281	219	34	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	219	35	possess	possess	VERB
epaa-281	219	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	220	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	220	2	view	view	NOUN
epaa-281	220	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	220	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	220	5	'	'	PART
epaa-281	220	6	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	220	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	220	8	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-281	220	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	220	10	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-281	220	11	influences	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	220	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	220	13	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-281	220	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	220	15	emerges	emerge	VERB
epaa-281	220	16	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	220	17	key	key	ADJ
epaa-281	220	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	221	1	according	accord	VERB
epaa-281	221	2	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	221	3	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	221	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	221	5	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-281	221	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	221	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	221	8	such	such	DET
epaa-281	221	9	a	a	DET
epaa-281	221	10	view	view	NOUN
epaa-281	221	11	fosters	foster	VERB
epaa-281	221	12	a	a	DET
epaa-281	221	13	richer	rich	ADJ
epaa-281	221	14	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	221	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	221	16	teach	teach	NOUN
epaa-281	221	17	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-281	221	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	221	19	making	making	NOUN
epaa-281	221	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	221	21	in	in	SCONJ
epaa-281	221	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	221	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	221	24	[	[	X
epaa-281	221	25	i]t	i]t	PROPN
epaa-281	221	26	obviates	obviate	VERB
epaa-281	221	27	the	the	DET
epaa-281	221	28	notion	notion	NOUN
epaa-281	221	29	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	221	30	any	any	DET
epaa-281	221	31	single	single	ADJ
epaa-281	221	32	factor	factor	NOUN
epaa-281	221	33	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-281	221	34	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	221	35	set	set	VERB
epaa-281	221	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	221	37	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-281	221	38	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-281	221	39	substantially	substantially	ADV
epaa-281	221	40	influence[s	influence[s	X
epaa-281	221	41	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-281	221	42	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	221	43	'	'	PART
epaa-281	221	44	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	221	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	222	1	instead	instead	ADV
epaa-281	222	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	222	3	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	222	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	222	5	do	do	AUX
epaa-281	222	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	222	7	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	222	8	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	222	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	222	10	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-281	222	11	to	to	PART
epaa-281	222	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	222	13	influenced	influence	VERB
epaa-281	222	14	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	222	15	a	a	DET
epaa-281	222	16	range	range	NOUN
epaa-281	222	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	222	18	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-281	222	19	reflecting	reflect	VERB
epaa-281	222	20	a	a	DET
epaa-281	222	21	variety	variety	NOUN
epaa-281	222	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	222	23	sources	source	NOUN
epaa-281	222	24	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	222	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	222	26	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	222	27	238	238	NUM
epaa-281	222	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	222	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	223	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-281	223	2	all	all	PRON
epaa-281	223	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	223	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	223	5	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	223	6	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-281	223	7	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-281	223	8	confirm	confirm	VERB
epaa-281	223	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	223	10	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	223	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	223	12	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	223	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	223	14	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	223	15	matter	matter	VERB
epaa-281	223	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	223	17	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	223	18	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-281	223	19	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	223	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	223	21	say	say	VERB
epaa-281	223	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	223	23	do	do	VERB
epaa-281	223	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	224	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	224	2	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	224	3	these	these	DET
epaa-281	224	4	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	224	5	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	224	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	224	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	224	8	14	14	NUM
epaa-281	224	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	224	10	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	224	11	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	224	12	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-281	224	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	224	14	employ	employ	VERB
epaa-281	224	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	224	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	224	17	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-281	224	18	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	224	19	use	use	VERB
epaa-281	224	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	224	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	224	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	224	23	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	224	24	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	224	25	plan	plan	VERB
epaa-281	224	26	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	224	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	224	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	224	29	some	some	DET
epaa-281	224	30	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-281	224	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	224	32	shaped	shape	VERB
epaa-281	224	33	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	224	34	the	the	DET
epaa-281	224	35	form	form	NOUN
epaa-281	224	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	224	37	content	content	NOUN
epaa-281	224	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	224	39	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	224	40	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	224	41	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	224	42	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	224	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	224	44	the	the	DET
epaa-281	224	45	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	224	46	objectives	objective	NOUN
epaa-281	224	47	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	224	48	accompany	accompany	VERB
epaa-281	224	49	them	they	PRON
epaa-281	224	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	224	51	there	there	PRON
epaa-281	224	52	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-281	224	53	to	to	PART
epaa-281	224	54	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	224	55	no	no	ADV
epaa-281	224	56	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-281	224	57	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	224	58	consistent	consistent	ADJ
epaa-281	224	59	pattern	pattern	NOUN
epaa-281	224	60	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	224	61	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	224	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	225	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	225	2	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	225	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	225	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	225	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	225	6	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	225	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	225	8	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-281	225	9	available	available	ADJ
epaa-281	225	10	presents	present	VERB
epaa-281	225	11	a	a	DET
epaa-281	225	12	picture	picture	NOUN
epaa-281	225	13	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	225	14	complicated	complicated	ADJ
epaa-281	225	15	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	225	16	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-281	225	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	225	18	begs	beg	VERB
epaa-281	225	19	further	further	ADJ
epaa-281	225	20	elucidation	elucidation	NOUN
epaa-281	225	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	226	1	some	some	PRON
epaa-281	226	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	226	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	226	4	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	226	5	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-281	226	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	226	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	226	8	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	226	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	226	10	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-281	226	11	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	226	12	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-281	226	13	according	accord	VERB
epaa-281	226	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	226	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	226	16	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	226	17	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	226	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	226	19	involved	involve	VERB
epaa-281	226	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	227	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-281	227	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	227	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	227	4	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	227	5	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	227	6	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-281	227	7	testing	test	VERB
epaa-281	227	8	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	227	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	227	10	used	use	VERB
epaa-281	227	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	227	12	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	227	13	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-281	227	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	227	15	these	these	DET
epaa-281	227	16	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	227	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	227	18	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-281	227	19	to	to	PART
epaa-281	227	20	have	have	VERB
epaa-281	227	21	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	227	22	power	power	NOUN
epaa-281	227	23	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	227	24	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	227	25	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	227	26	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	227	27	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-281	227	28	testing	test	VERB
epaa-281	227	29	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	227	30	to	to	PART
epaa-281	227	31	modify	modify	VERB
epaa-281	227	32	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	227	33	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-281	227	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	227	35	heubert	heubert	PROPN
epaa-281	227	36	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	227	37	hauser	hauser	PROPN
epaa-281	227	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	227	39	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	227	40	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	227	41	madaus	madau	NOUN
epaa-281	227	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	227	43	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-281	227	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	227	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	228	1	following	follow	VERB
epaa-281	228	2	this	this	DET
epaa-281	228	3	line	line	NOUN
epaa-281	228	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	228	5	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-281	228	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	228	7	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	228	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	228	9	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	228	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	228	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	228	12	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	228	13	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-281	228	14	to	to	PART
epaa-281	228	15	impact	impact	VERB
epaa-281	228	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	228	17	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	228	18	not	not	PART
epaa-281	228	19	constrain	constrain	VERB
epaa-281	228	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	228	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	228	22	'	'	PART
epaa-281	228	23	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	228	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	228	25	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	228	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	1	brown	brown	ADJ
epaa-281	229	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	3	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	229	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	5	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-281	229	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	8	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	229	9	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	229	10	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	229	11	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	229	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	13	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	229	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	229	17	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	229	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	19	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	229	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	229	23	example	example	NOUN
epaa-281	229	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	25	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-281	229	26	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	229	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	229	28	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	229	29	states	state	NOUN
epaa-281	229	30	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	229	31	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	229	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	33	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	229	34	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	229	35	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	36	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	229	37	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	229	38	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	39	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	229	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	41	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-281	229	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	43	illinois	illinois	PROPN
epaa-281	229	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	45	new	new	PROPN
epaa-281	229	46	york	york	PROPN
epaa-281	229	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	229	49	tennessee	tennessee	PROPN
epaa-281	229	50	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	51	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	229	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	229	53	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	229	54	observed	observe	VERB
epaa-281	229	55	tailoring	tailor	VERB
epaa-281	229	56	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	229	57	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	229	58	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-281	229	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	60	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-281	229	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	229	62	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	229	63	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	229	64	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	229	65	the	the	DET
epaa-281	229	66	type	type	NOUN
epaa-281	229	67	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	229	68	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	229	69	elicited	elicit	VERB
epaa-281	229	70	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	229	71	the	the	DET
epaa-281	229	72	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	229	73	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	229	74	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	230	1	under	under	ADP
epaa-281	230	2	these	these	DET
epaa-281	230	3	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-281	230	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	230	5	brown	brown	PROPN
epaa-281	230	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	230	7	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	230	8	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	230	9	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	230	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	230	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	230	12	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	230	13	assert	assert	VERB
epaa-281	230	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	230	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	230	16	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	230	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	230	18	became	become	VERB
epaa-281	230	19	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	230	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	230	21	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-281	230	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	230	23	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	230	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	230	25	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-281	230	26	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	230	27	the	the	DET
epaa-281	230	28	means	mean	NOUN
epaa-281	230	29	to	to	PART
epaa-281	230	30	assess	assess	VERB
epaa-281	230	31	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	230	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	231	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	231	2	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-281	231	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	231	4	these	these	DET
epaa-281	231	5	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	231	6	contend	contend	VERB
epaa-281	231	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	231	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	231	9	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-281	231	10	the	the	DET
epaa-281	231	11	media	medium	NOUN
epaa-281	231	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	231	13	the	the	DET
epaa-281	231	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	231	15	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	231	16	department	department	NOUN
epaa-281	231	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	231	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	231	19	various	various	ADJ
epaa-281	231	20	people	people	NOUN
epaa-281	231	21	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	231	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	231	23	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	231	24	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	231	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	231	26	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	231	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	231	28	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-281	231	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	231	30	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	231	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	231	32	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	231	33	board	board	NOUN
epaa-281	231	34	members	member	NOUN
epaa-281	231	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	231	36	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-281	231	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	231	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	231	39	community	community	NOUN
epaa-281	231	40	members	member	NOUN
epaa-281	231	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	231	42	pay	pay	VERB
epaa-281	231	43	to	to	PART
epaa-281	231	44	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	231	45	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-281	231	46	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	231	47	catapult	catapult	VERB
epaa-281	231	48	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	231	49	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	231	50	into	into	ADP
epaa-281	231	51	even	even	ADV
epaa-281	231	52	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-281	231	53	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	231	54	status	status	NOUN
epaa-281	231	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	232	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	232	2	short	short	ADJ
epaa-281	232	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	232	4	this	this	DET
epaa-281	232	5	camp	camp	NOUN
epaa-281	232	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	232	7	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	232	8	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-281	232	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	232	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	232	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	232	12	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	232	13	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	232	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	232	15	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	232	16	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	232	17	serves	serve	VERB
epaa-281	232	18	to	to	PART
epaa-281	232	19	constrain	constrain	VERB
epaa-281	232	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	232	21	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	232	22	not	not	PART
epaa-281	232	23	homogenize	homogenize	VERB
epaa-281	232	24	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	232	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	233	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-281	233	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	233	3	however	however	ADV
epaa-281	233	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	233	5	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	233	6	not	not	PART
epaa-281	233	7	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-281	233	8	to	to	PART
epaa-281	233	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	233	10	the	the	DET
epaa-281	233	11	case	case	NOUN
epaa-281	233	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	233	13	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	233	14	's	's	PART
epaa-281	233	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	233	16	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-281	233	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	233	18	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	233	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	233	20	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	233	21	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	233	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	233	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	233	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	233	25	new	new	PROPN
epaa-281	233	26	york	york	PROPN
epaa-281	233	27	state	state	PROPN
epaa-281	233	28	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	233	29	a	a	DET
epaa-281	233	30	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	233	31	boastful	boastful	NOUN
epaa-281	233	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	233	33	its	its	PRON
epaa-281	233	34	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	233	35	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	233	36	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	233	37	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	233	38	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	233	39	known	know	VERB
epaa-281	233	40	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	233	41	the	the	DET
epaa-281	233	42	regents	regent	NOUN
epaa-281	233	43	examinations	examination	NOUN
epaa-281	233	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	234	1	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	234	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	234	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	234	4	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	234	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	234	6	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	234	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	234	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	234	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	234	10	regents	regent	NOUN
epaa-281	234	11	exam	exam	NOUN
epaa-281	234	12	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	234	13	apparent	apparent	ADJ
epaa-281	234	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	234	15	that	that	DET
epaa-281	234	16	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	234	17	held	hold	VERB
epaa-281	234	18	no	no	DET
epaa-281	234	19	privileged	privileged	ADJ
epaa-281	234	20	position	position	NOUN
epaa-281	234	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	234	22	interacted	interact	VERB
epaa-281	234	23	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	234	24	a	a	DET
epaa-281	234	25	range	range	NOUN
epaa-281	234	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	234	27	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	234	28	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-281	234	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	234	30	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-281	234	31	the	the	DET
epaa-281	234	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	234	33	'	'	PART
epaa-281	234	34	views	view	NOUN
epaa-281	234	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	234	36	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-281	234	37	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-281	234	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	234	39	learners	learner	NOUN
epaa-281	234	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	235	1	both	both	DET
epaa-281	235	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	235	3	sought	seek	VERB
epaa-281	235	4	to	to	PART
epaa-281	235	5	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-281	235	6	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	235	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	235	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	235	9	same	same	ADJ
epaa-281	235	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	235	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	235	12	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	235	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	235	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	235	15	yet	yet	ADV
epaa-281	235	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	235	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	235	18	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	235	19	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	235	20	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	235	21	found	find	VERB
epaa-281	235	22	to	to	PART
epaa-281	235	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	235	24	radically	radically	ADV
epaa-281	235	25	different	different	ADJ
epaa-281	235	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	236	1	muddying	muddy	VERB
epaa-281	236	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	236	3	waters	water	NOUN
epaa-281	236	4	further	far	ADV
epaa-281	236	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	236	6	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	236	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	236	8	mayrowetz	mayrowetz	NOUN
epaa-281	236	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	236	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	236	11	fairman	fairman	NOUN
epaa-281	236	12	's	's	PART
epaa-281	236	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	236	14	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	236	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	236	16	observations	observation	NOUN
epaa-281	236	17	led	lead	VERB
epaa-281	236	18	them	they	PRON
epaa-281	236	19	to	to	PART
epaa-281	236	20	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-281	236	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	236	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	236	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	236	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	236	25	math	math	NOUN
epaa-281	236	26	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	236	27	much	much	ADV
epaa-281	236	28	the	the	DET
epaa-281	236	29	same	same	ADJ
epaa-281	236	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	236	31	both	both	DET
epaa-281	236	32	maine	maine	NOUN
epaa-281	236	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	236	34	maryland	maryland	NOUN
epaa-281	236	35	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-281	236	36	the	the	DET
epaa-281	236	37	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-281	236	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	236	39	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	236	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	236	41	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	236	42	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	236	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	237	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	237	2	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	237	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	237	4	mayrowetz	mayrowetz	NOUN
epaa-281	237	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	237	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	237	7	fairman	fairman	NOUN
epaa-281	237	8	's	's	PART
epaa-281	237	9	work	work	NOUN
epaa-281	237	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	237	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	237	12	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-281	237	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	237	14	reveals	reveal	VERB
epaa-281	237	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	237	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	237	17	under	under	ADP
epaa-281	237	18	some	some	DET
epaa-281	237	19	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
epaa-281	237	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	237	21	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	237	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	237	23	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	237	24	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	237	25	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	237	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	237	27	the	the	DET
epaa-281	237	28	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	237	29	attached	attach	VERB
epaa-281	237	30	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	237	31	them	they	PRON
epaa-281	237	32	can	can	AUX
epaa-281	237	33	promote	promote	VERB
epaa-281	237	34	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-281	237	35	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-281	237	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	237	37	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-281	237	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	237	39	the	the	DET
epaa-281	237	40	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	237	41	more	more	ADV
epaa-281	237	42	easily	easily	ADV
epaa-281	237	43	than	than	ADP
epaa-281	237	44	deeper	deep	ADJ
epaa-281	237	45	understandings	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	237	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	237	47	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-281	237	48	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-281	237	49	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	237	50	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	237	51	to	to	PART
epaa-281	237	52	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	237	53	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	237	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	238	1	taken	take	VERB
epaa-281	238	2	together	together	ADV
epaa-281	238	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	238	4	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	238	5	's	's	PART
epaa-281	238	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	238	7	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-281	238	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	238	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	238	10	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	238	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	238	12	mayrowetz	mayrowetz	NOUN
epaa-281	238	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	238	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	238	15	fariman	fariman	NOUN
epaa-281	238	16	's	's	PART
epaa-281	238	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	238	18	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	238	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	238	20	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	238	21	importantly	importantly	ADV
epaa-281	238	22	show	show	VERB
epaa-281	238	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	238	24	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	238	25	the	the	DET
epaa-281	238	26	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	238	27	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	238	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	238	29	the	the	DET
epaa-281	238	30	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	238	31	involved	involve	VERB
epaa-281	238	32	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	238	33	have	have	AUX
epaa-281	238	34	influenced	influence	VERB
epaa-281	238	35	these	these	DET
epaa-281	238	36	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	238	37	'	'	PART
epaa-281	238	38	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	238	39	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	238	40	some	some	DET
epaa-281	238	41	way	way	NOUN
epaa-281	238	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	238	43	these	these	DET
epaa-281	238	44	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-281	238	45	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	238	46	not	not	PART
epaa-281	238	47	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-281	238	48	construct	construct	VERB
epaa-281	238	49	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	238	50	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-281	238	51	the	the	DET
epaa-281	238	52	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	238	53	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	238	54	was	be	AUX
epaa-281	238	55	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
epaa-281	238	56	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-281	238	57	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	239	1	without	without	ADP
epaa-281	239	2	denying	deny	VERB
epaa-281	239	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	239	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	239	5	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	239	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	239	7	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-281	239	8	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	239	9	could	could	AUX
epaa-281	239	10	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-281	239	11	according	accord	VERB
epaa-281	239	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	239	13	the	the	DET
epaa-281	239	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	239	15	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	239	16	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	239	17	involved	involve	VERB
epaa-281	239	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	239	19	these	these	DET
epaa-281	239	20	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	239	21	suspect	suspect	VERB
epaa-281	239	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	239	23	the	the	DET
epaa-281	239	24	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-281	239	25	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	239	26	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	239	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	239	28	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	239	29	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	239	30	encourages	encourage	VERB
epaa-281	239	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	239	32	to	to	PART
epaa-281	239	33	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	239	34	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	239	35	the	the	DET
epaa-281	239	36	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	239	37	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	239	38	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	239	39	overrated	overrate	VERB
epaa-281	239	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	240	1	instead	instead	ADV
epaa-281	240	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	240	3	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	240	4	work	work	NOUN
epaa-281	240	5	prompts	prompt	VERB
epaa-281	240	6	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	240	7	consideration	consideration	NOUN
epaa-281	240	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	240	9	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-281	240	10	all	all	DET
epaa-281	240	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	240	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	240	13	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	240	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	240	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	240	16	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	240	17	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	240	18	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	240	19	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-281	240	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	240	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	240	22	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	240	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	240	24	all	all	ADV
epaa-281	240	25	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	240	26	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-281	240	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	240	28	those	those	PRON
epaa-281	240	29	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	240	30	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	240	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	240	32	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-281	240	33	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	240	34	large	large	ADJ
epaa-281	240	35	numbers	number	NOUN
epaa-281	240	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	240	37	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	240	38	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-281	240	39	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	240	40	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	240	41	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	240	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	240	43	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	240	44	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	240	45	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	240	46	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	240	47	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-281	240	48	influenced	influence	VERB
epaa-281	240	49	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	240	50	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	240	51	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	240	52	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	240	53	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	240	54	differ	differ	VERB
epaa-281	240	55	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	240	56	those	those	PRON
epaa-281	240	57	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	240	58	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	240	59	minimally	minimally	ADV
epaa-281	240	60	influenced	influence	VERB
epaa-281	240	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	241	1	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	241	2	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-281	241	3	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	241	4	also	also	ADV
epaa-281	241	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	241	6	interacting	interact	VERB
epaa-281	241	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	241	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	241	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	241	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	241	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	241	12	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	241	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	241	14	'	'	PART
epaa-281	241	15	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	241	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	241	17	15	15	NUM
epaa-281	241	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	241	19	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	241	20	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	241	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	241	22	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-281	241	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	241	24	the	the	DET
epaa-281	241	25	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	241	26	involved	involve	VERB
epaa-281	241	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	241	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	241	29	'	'	PART
epaa-281	241	30	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-281	241	31	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-281	241	32	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-281	241	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	241	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	241	35	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	241	36	'	'	PART
epaa-281	241	37	views	view	NOUN
epaa-281	241	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	241	39	learners	learner	NOUN
epaa-281	241	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	241	41	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	241	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	242	2	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	242	3	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	242	4	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-281	242	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	6	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	242	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	8	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-281	242	9	vs.	vs.	X
epaa-281	242	10	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-281	242	11	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	12	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	242	13	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-281	242	14	tested	test	VERB
epaa-281	242	15	vs.	vs.	ADP
epaa-281	242	16	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	242	17	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-281	242	18	not	not	PART
epaa-281	242	19	tested	test	VERB
epaa-281	242	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	21	emerged	emerge	VERB
epaa-281	242	22	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	242	23	a	a	DET
epaa-281	242	24	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-281	242	25	factor	factor	NOUN
epaa-281	242	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	27	glasnapp	glasnapp	NOUN
epaa-281	242	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	29	poggio	poggio	PROPN
epaa-281	242	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	31	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	242	32	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-281	242	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	34	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	242	35	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	36	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	242	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	38	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	242	39	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	40	smith	smith	NOUN
epaa-281	242	41	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	242	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	43	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-281	242	44	did	do	VERB
epaa-281	242	45	the	the	DET
epaa-281	242	46	amalgam	amalgam	NOUN
epaa-281	242	47	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	242	48	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-281	242	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	50	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	242	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	52	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-281	242	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	54	status	status	NOUN
epaa-281	242	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	56	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	242	57	position	position	VERB
epaa-281	242	58	a	a	DET
epaa-281	242	59	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	242	60	possesses	possesse	NOUN
epaa-281	242	61	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	62	zancanella	zancanella	NOUN
epaa-281	242	63	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	64	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	242	65	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	242	66	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	1	district	district	NOUN
epaa-281	243	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	243	3	building	building	NOUN
epaa-281	243	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	5	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	243	6	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-281	243	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	8	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	243	9	context	context	NOUN
epaa-281	243	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	243	11	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-281	243	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	243	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	243	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	243	16	district	district	NOUN
epaa-281	243	17	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	243	18	climate	climate	NOUN
epaa-281	243	19	also	also	ADV
epaa-281	243	20	emerged	emerge	VERB
epaa-281	243	21	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	243	22	possibilities	possibility	NOUN
epaa-281	243	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	24	brown	brown	ADJ
epaa-281	243	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	26	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	243	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	28	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-281	243	29	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	30	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	243	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	32	mayrowetz	mayrowetz	NOUN
epaa-281	243	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	34	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	243	35	fairman	fairman	NOUN
epaa-281	243	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	37	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	243	38	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	39	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	243	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	41	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-281	243	42	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	43	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	243	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	45	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	243	46	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	47	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	243	48	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	243	49	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	243	50	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	243	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	52	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	243	53	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	243	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	244	1	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	244	2	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	244	3	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	244	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	244	5	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	244	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	244	7	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	244	8	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	244	9	an	an	DET
epaa-281	244	10	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	244	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	244	12	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	244	13	would	would	AUX
epaa-281	244	14	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-281	244	15	to	to	PART
epaa-281	244	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	244	17	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	244	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	244	19	many	many	ADJ
epaa-281	244	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	245	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
epaa-281	245	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	245	3	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-281	245	4	a	a	DET
epaa-281	245	5	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	245	6	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	245	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	245	8	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	245	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	245	10	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	245	11	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	245	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	245	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	245	14	'	'	PART
epaa-281	245	15	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	245	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	245	17	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	245	18	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	245	19	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-281	245	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	245	21	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	245	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	245	23	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	245	24	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	245	25	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	245	26	not	not	PART
epaa-281	245	27	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-281	245	28	to	to	PART
epaa-281	245	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	245	30	an	an	DET
epaa-281	245	31	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
epaa-281	245	32	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	245	33	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-281	245	34	lever	lever	NOUN
epaa-281	245	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	245	36	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	245	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	246	1	given	give	VERB
epaa-281	246	2	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	246	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	246	4	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-281	246	5	known	know	VERB
epaa-281	246	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	246	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	246	8	general	general	ADJ
epaa-281	246	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	246	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	246	11	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	246	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	246	13	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	246	14	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	246	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	246	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	246	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	246	18	one	one	NUM
epaa-281	246	19	caveat	caveat	NOUN
epaa-281	246	20	must	must	AUX
epaa-281	246	21	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	246	22	offered	offer	VERB
epaa-281	246	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	247	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	247	3	this	this	DET
epaa-281	247	4	area	area	NOUN
epaa-281	247	5	overall	overall	ADV
epaa-281	247	6	tends	tend	VERB
epaa-281	247	7	to	to	PART
epaa-281	247	8	rely	rely	VERB
epaa-281	247	9	heavily	heavily	ADV
epaa-281	247	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	247	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	247	12	'	'	PART
epaa-281	247	13	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	247	14	gained	gain	VERB
epaa-281	247	15	through	through	ADP
epaa-281	247	16	surveys	survey	NOUN
epaa-281	247	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	247	18	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	247	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	20	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-281	247	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	22	brown	brown	ADJ
epaa-281	247	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	24	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	247	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	26	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-281	247	27	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	28	glasnapp	glasnapp	NOUN
epaa-281	247	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	30	poggio	poggio	PROPN
epaa-281	247	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	32	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	247	33	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-281	247	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	35	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	247	36	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	37	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	247	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	39	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	247	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	247	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	248	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	248	2	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	248	3	would	would	AUX
epaa-281	248	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	248	5	foolish	foolish	ADJ
epaa-281	248	6	to	to	PART
epaa-281	248	7	discount	discount	VERB
epaa-281	248	8	self	self	NOUN
epaa-281	248	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	248	10	reported	report	VERB
epaa-281	248	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	248	12	interview	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	248	13	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-281	248	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	248	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	248	16	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-281	248	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	248	18	observational	observational	ADJ
epaa-281	248	19	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-281	248	20	begs	beg	VERB
epaa-281	248	21	the	the	DET
epaa-281	248	22	question	question	NOUN
epaa-281	248	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	248	24	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	248	25	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	248	26	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	248	27	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	248	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	248	29	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-281	248	30	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	248	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	249	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-281	249	2	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-281	249	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	249	4	report	report	VERB
epaa-281	249	5	change	change	VERB
epaa-281	249	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	249	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	249	8	instance	instance	NOUN
epaa-281	249	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	249	10	little	little	ADJ
epaa-281	249	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	249	12	known	know	VERB
epaa-281	249	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	249	14	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	249	15	that	that	DET
epaa-281	249	16	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	249	17	looks	look	VERB
epaa-281	249	18	like	like	ADP
epaa-281	249	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	249	20	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-281	249	21	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	249	22	has	have	AUX
epaa-281	249	23	occurred	occur	VERB
epaa-281	249	24	at	at	ADV
epaa-281	249	25	all	all	ADV
epaa-281	249	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	1	only	only	ADV
epaa-281	250	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	250	3	few	few	ADJ
epaa-281	250	4	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	250	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	250	6	couple	couple	NOUN
epaa-281	250	7	surveys	survey	NOUN
epaa-281	250	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	250	9	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	250	10	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	250	11	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	250	12	observations	observation	NOUN
epaa-281	250	13	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-281	250	14	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-281	250	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	16	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	250	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	18	mayrowetz	mayrowetz	NOUN
epaa-281	250	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	20	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	250	21	fairman	fairman	NOUN
epaa-281	250	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	23	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	250	24	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	25	grant	grant	NOUN
epaa-281	250	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	27	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-281	250	28	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	29	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	250	30	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	250	31	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	250	32	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	250	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	34	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	250	35	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	36	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	250	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	38	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	250	39	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	40	zancanella	zancanella	NOUN
epaa-281	250	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	42	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	250	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	250	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	251	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	251	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	251	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	251	4	depth	depth	NOUN
epaa-281	251	5	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	251	6	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	251	7	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-281	251	8	access	access	NOUN
epaa-281	251	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	251	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	251	11	perception	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	251	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	251	13	coupling	couple	VERB
epaa-281	251	14	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	251	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	251	16	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	251	17	observation	observation	NOUN
epaa-281	251	18	allows	allow	VERB
epaa-281	251	19	both	both	DET
epaa-281	251	20	thought	thought	NOUN
epaa-281	251	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	251	22	action	action	NOUN
epaa-281	251	23	to	to	PART
epaa-281	251	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	251	25	put	put	VERB
epaa-281	251	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	251	27	context	context	NOUN
epaa-281	251	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	252	1	coupling	couple	VERB
epaa-281	252	2	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	252	3	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	252	4	observations	observation	NOUN
epaa-281	252	5	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-281	252	6	to	to	PART
epaa-281	252	7	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-281	252	8	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-281	252	9	not	not	PART
epaa-281	252	10	only	only	ADV
epaa-281	252	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	252	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	252	13	'	'	PART
epaa-281	252	14	understandings	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	252	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	252	16	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	252	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	252	18	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	252	19	to	to	PART
epaa-281	252	20	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	252	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	252	22	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	252	23	also	also	ADV
epaa-281	252	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	252	25	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	252	26	those	those	DET
epaa-281	252	27	understandings	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	252	28	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	252	29	operationalized	operationalize	VERB
epaa-281	252	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	252	31	carried	carry	VERB
epaa-281	252	32	out	out	ADP
epaa-281	252	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	253	1	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	253	2	said	say	VERB
epaa-281	253	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	253	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	253	5	question	question	NOUN
epaa-281	253	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	253	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	253	8	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-281	253	9	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	253	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	253	11	changed	change	VERB
epaa-281	253	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	253	13	did	do	AUX
epaa-281	253	14	not	not	PART
epaa-281	253	15	change	change	VERB
epaa-281	253	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	253	17	lieu	lieu	NOUN
epaa-281	253	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	253	19	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	253	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	253	21	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	253	22	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	253	23	begs	beg	VERB
epaa-281	253	24	further	further	ADJ
epaa-281	253	25	exploration	exploration	NOUN
epaa-281	253	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	254	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	254	2	these	these	DET
epaa-281	254	3	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-281	254	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	254	5	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	254	6	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-281	254	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	254	8	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	254	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	254	10	allow	allow	VERB
epaa-281	254	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	254	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	254	13	contextualization	contextualization	NOUN
epaa-281	254	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	254	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	254	16	'	'	PART
epaa-281	254	17	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	254	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	254	19	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	254	20	hold	hold	VERB
epaa-281	254	21	considerable	considerable	ADJ
epaa-281	254	22	promise	promise	NOUN
epaa-281	254	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	254	24	future	future	ADJ
epaa-281	254	25	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	254	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	255	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	255	2	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	255	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	255	4	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	255	5	via	via	ADP
epaa-281	255	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	255	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	255	8	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	255	9	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	255	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	255	11	to	to	PART
epaa-281	255	12	prove	prove	VERB
epaa-281	255	13	constructive	constructive	ADJ
epaa-281	255	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	255	15	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	255	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	255	17	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	255	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	255	19	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	255	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	255	21	understand	understand	VERB
epaa-281	255	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	255	23	interpret	interpret	VERB
epaa-281	255	24	new	new	ADJ
epaa-281	255	25	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	255	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	255	27	the	the	DET
epaa-281	255	28	context	context	NOUN
epaa-281	255	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	255	30	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	255	31	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-281	255	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	255	33	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-281	255	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	255	35	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-281	255	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	255	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	255	38	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	255	39	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
epaa-281	255	40	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	255	41	vital	vital	ADJ
epaa-281	255	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	256	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-281	256	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	256	3	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	256	4	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-281	256	5	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-281	256	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	256	7	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-281	256	8	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	256	9	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	256	10	does	do	AUX
epaa-281	256	11	matter	matter	VERB
epaa-281	256	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	256	13	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-281	256	14	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	256	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	256	16	say	say	VERB
epaa-281	256	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	256	18	do	do	VERB
epaa-281	256	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	256	20	so	so	ADV
epaa-281	256	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	256	22	too	too	ADV
epaa-281	256	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	256	24	do	do	VERB
epaa-281	256	25	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	256	26	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-281	256	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	256	28	such	such	ADJ
epaa-281	256	29	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	256	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	256	31	'	'	PART
epaa-281	256	32	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-281	256	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	256	34	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-281	256	35	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-281	256	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	256	37	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	256	38	approaches	approach	NOUN
epaa-281	256	39	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	256	40	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	256	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	256	42	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	256	43	views	view	NOUN
epaa-281	256	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	256	45	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-281	256	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	256	47	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	256	48	the	the	DET
epaa-281	256	49	amalgam	amalgam	NOUN
epaa-281	256	50	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	256	51	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-281	256	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	256	53	status	status	NOUN
epaa-281	256	54	they	they	PRON
epaa-281	256	55	possess	possess	VERB
epaa-281	256	56	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	256	57	the	the	DET
epaa-281	256	58	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	256	59	organization	organization	NOUN
epaa-281	256	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	257	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	257	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	257	3	result	result	NOUN
epaa-281	257	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	257	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	257	6	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	257	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	257	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	257	9	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	257	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	257	11	has	have	AUX
epaa-281	257	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	257	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	257	14	not	not	PART
epaa-281	257	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	257	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	257	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	257	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	257	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	257	20	would	would	AUX
epaa-281	257	21	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-281	257	22	to	to	PART
epaa-281	257	23	depend	depend	VERB
epaa-281	257	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	257	25	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	257	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	257	27	interpret	interpret	VERB
epaa-281	257	28	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	257	29	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	257	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	257	31	use	use	VERB
epaa-281	257	32	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	257	33	to	to	PART
epaa-281	257	34	guide	guide	VERB
epaa-281	257	35	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	257	36	action	action	NOUN
epaa-281	257	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	258	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
epaa-281	258	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	258	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	258	4	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	258	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	258	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	258	7	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	258	8	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	258	9	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	258	10	not	not	PART
epaa-281	258	11	have	have	VERB
epaa-281	258	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	258	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	258	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	258	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	258	16	expands	expand	VERB
epaa-281	258	17	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-281	258	18	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-281	258	19	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	258	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	258	21	actions	action	NOUN
epaa-281	258	22	to	to	PART
epaa-281	258	23	include	include	VERB
epaa-281	258	24	the	the	DET
epaa-281	258	25	network	network	NOUN
epaa-281	258	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	258	27	constructed	construct	VERB
epaa-281	258	28	meanings	meaning	NOUN
epaa-281	258	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	258	30	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-281	258	31	extant	extant	ADJ
epaa-281	258	32	within	within	ADP
epaa-281	258	33	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-281	258	34	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	258	35	contexts	contexts	NOUN
epaa-281	258	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	259	1	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-281	259	2	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	259	3	matter	matter	VERB
epaa-281	259	4	then	then	ADV
epaa-281	259	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	259	6	not	not	PART
epaa-281	259	7	always	always	ADV
epaa-281	259	8	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-281	259	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	259	10	simple	simple	ADJ
epaa-281	259	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	260	1	given	give	VERB
epaa-281	260	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	260	3	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-281	260	4	number	number	NOUN
epaa-281	260	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	260	6	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	260	7	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	260	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	260	9	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-281	260	10	available	available	ADJ
epaa-281	260	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	260	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	260	13	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-281	260	14	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-281	260	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	260	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	260	17	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-281	260	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	260	19	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	260	20	many	many	ADJ
epaa-281	260	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	260	22	these	these	DET
epaa-281	260	23	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	260	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	260	25	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	260	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	260	27	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	260	28	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	260	29	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-281	260	30	a	a	DET
epaa-281	260	31	richer	rich	ADJ
epaa-281	260	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	260	33	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	260	34	16	16	NUM
epaa-281	260	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	260	36	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	260	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	260	38	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	260	39	depth	depth	NOUN
epaa-281	260	40	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	260	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	260	42	the	the	DET
epaa-281	260	43	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	260	44	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	260	45	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	260	46	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	260	47	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	260	48	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	260	49	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	260	50	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	260	51	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	260	52	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-281	260	53	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	260	54	settings	setting	NOUN
epaa-281	260	55	not	not	PART
epaa-281	260	56	only	only	ADV
epaa-281	260	57	point	point	NOUN
epaa-281	260	58	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-281	260	59	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	260	60	directions	direction	NOUN
epaa-281	260	61	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	260	62	continued	continued	ADJ
epaa-281	260	63	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	260	64	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	260	65	this	this	DET
epaa-281	260	66	area	area	NOUN
epaa-281	260	67	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	260	68	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	260	69	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	260	70	greatly	greatly	ADV
epaa-281	260	71	needed	need	VERB
epaa-281	260	72	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	261	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	261	2	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-281	261	3	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	261	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	261	5	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	261	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	261	7	continues	continue	VERB
epaa-281	261	8	to	to	PART
epaa-281	261	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	261	10	viewed	view	VERB
epaa-281	261	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	261	12	a	a	DET
epaa-281	261	13	viable	viable	ADJ
epaa-281	261	14	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
epaa-281	261	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	261	16	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	261	17	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	261	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	261	19	it	it	PRON
epaa-281	261	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	261	21	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-281	261	22	to	to	PART
epaa-281	261	23	understand	understand	VERB
epaa-281	261	24	the	the	DET
epaa-281	261	25	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-281	261	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	261	27	which	which	PRON
epaa-281	261	28	this	this	DET
epaa-281	261	29	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
epaa-281	261	30	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	261	31	mediated	mediate	VERB
epaa-281	261	32	through	through	ADP
epaa-281	261	33	the	the	DET
epaa-281	261	34	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	261	35	contexts	context	NOUN
epaa-281	261	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	261	37	the	the	DET
epaa-281	261	38	minds	mind	NOUN
epaa-281	261	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	261	40	motives	motive	NOUN
epaa-281	261	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	261	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	261	43	actions	action	NOUN
epaa-281	261	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	261	45	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	261	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	262	1	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
epaa-281	262	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	262	3	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	262	4	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	262	5	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-281	262	6	a	a	DET
epaa-281	262	7	richer	rich	ADJ
epaa-281	262	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	262	9	more	more	ADJ
epaa-281	262	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	262	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	262	12	depth	depth	NOUN
epaa-281	262	13	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	262	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	262	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	262	16	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-281	262	17	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	262	18	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	262	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	262	20	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	262	21	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	262	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	262	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	262	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	262	25	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-281	262	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	262	27	settings	setting	NOUN
epaa-281	262	28	not	not	PART
epaa-281	262	29	only	only	ADV
epaa-281	262	30	point	point	NOUN
epaa-281	262	31	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-281	262	32	important	important	ADJ
epaa-281	262	33	directions	direction	NOUN
epaa-281	262	34	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	262	35	future	future	ADJ
epaa-281	262	36	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	262	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	262	38	this	this	DET
epaa-281	262	39	area	area	NOUN
epaa-281	262	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	262	41	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-281	262	42	are	be	AUX
epaa-281	262	43	greatly	greatly	ADV
epaa-281	262	44	needed	need	VERB
epaa-281	262	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	1	notes	note	NOUN
epaa-281	263	2	1	1	NUM
epaa-281	263	3	.	.	X
epaa-281	263	4	howe	howe	NOUN
epaa-281	263	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	263	6	eisenhart	eisenhart	NOUN
epaa-281	263	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	8	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-281	263	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	10	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-281	263	11	five	five	NUM
epaa-281	263	12	general	general	ADJ
epaa-281	263	13	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	263	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	263	15	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
epaa-281	263	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	263	17	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
epaa-281	263	18	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	263	19	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	263	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	21	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-281	263	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	263	24	there	there	PRON
epaa-281	263	25	be	be	VERB
epaa-281	263	26	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	27	1	1	X
epaa-281	263	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	29	a	a	DET
epaa-281	263	30	fit	fit	NOUN
epaa-281	263	31	between	between	ADP
epaa-281	263	32	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	263	33	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-281	263	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	263	35	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-281	263	36	collection	collection	NOUN
epaa-281	263	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	263	38	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	263	39	techniques	technique	NOUN
epaa-281	263	40	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	41	2	2	X
epaa-281	263	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	43	the	the	DET
epaa-281	263	44	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-281	263	45	application	application	NOUN
epaa-281	263	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	263	47	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-281	263	48	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-281	263	49	collection	collection	NOUN
epaa-281	263	50	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	263	51	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	263	52	techniques	technique	NOUN
epaa-281	263	53	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	54	3	3	X
epaa-281	263	55	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	56	an	an	DET
epaa-281	263	57	alertness	alertness	NOUN
epaa-281	263	58	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	263	59	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	263	60	coherence	coherence	NOUN
epaa-281	263	61	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	263	62	background	background	NOUN
epaa-281	263	63	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
epaa-281	263	64	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	65	4	4	X
epaa-281	263	66	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	67	an	an	DET
epaa-281	263	68	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-281	263	69	warrant	warrant	NOUN
epaa-281	263	70	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	71	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	263	72	5	5	X
epaa-281	263	73	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	263	74	an	an	DET
epaa-281	263	75	awareness	awareness	NOUN
epaa-281	263	76	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	263	77	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-281	263	78	external	external	ADJ
epaa-281	263	79	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	263	80	internal	internal	ADJ
epaa-281	263	81	value	value	NOUN
epaa-281	263	82	constraints	constraint	NOUN
epaa-281	263	83	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	1	2	2	X
epaa-281	264	2	.	.	X
epaa-281	264	3	schwille	schwille	NOUN
epaa-281	264	4	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	264	5	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	264	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	264	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	9	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-281	264	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	11	describes	describe	VERB
epaa-281	264	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	264	13	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	264	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	264	16	the	the	DET
epaa-281	264	17	definitive	definitive	ADJ
epaa-281	264	18	allocation	allocation	NOUN
epaa-281	264	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	264	20	public	public	ADJ
epaa-281	264	21	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-281	264	22	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	264	23	working	work	VERB
epaa-281	264	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	25	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	264	26	personnel	personnel	NOUN
epaa-281	264	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	264	28	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	264	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	264	31	external	external	ADJ
epaa-281	264	32	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	264	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	34	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	264	35	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	264	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	264	37	the	the	DET
epaa-281	264	38	usual	usual	ADJ
epaa-281	264	39	sense	sense	NOUN
epaa-281	264	40	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	41	the	the	DET
epaa-281	264	42	laws	law	NOUN
epaa-281	264	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	44	regulations	regulation	NOUN
epaa-281	264	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	264	47	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	264	48	directives	directive	NOUN
epaa-281	264	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	264	50	boards	board	NOUN
epaa-281	264	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	52	legislatures	legislature	NOUN
epaa-281	264	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	54	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	264	55	executive	executive	ADJ
epaa-281	264	56	departments	department	NOUN
epaa-281	264	57	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	58	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	59	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	264	60	376	376	NUM
epaa-281	264	61	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	264	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	265	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	265	2	this	this	DET
epaa-281	265	3	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-281	265	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	265	5	external	external	ADJ
epaa-281	265	6	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	265	7	refers	refer	VERB
epaa-281	265	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	265	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	265	10	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	265	11	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-281	265	12	a	a	DET
epaa-281	265	13	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	265	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	265	15	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	265	16	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	265	17	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	265	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	266	1	3	3	X
epaa-281	266	2	.	.	X
epaa-281	266	3	i	i	PRON
epaa-281	266	4	am	be	AUX
epaa-281	266	5	referring	refer	VERB
epaa-281	266	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	266	7	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	266	8	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	266	9	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	266	10	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	266	11	's	's	PART
epaa-281	266	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	266	13	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	266	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	266	15	three	three	NUM
epaa-281	266	16	key	key	ADJ
epaa-281	266	17	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-281	266	18	stated	state	VERB
epaa-281	266	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	266	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	266	21	previous	previous	ADJ
epaa-281	266	22	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
epaa-281	266	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	267	1	smith	smith	NOUN
epaa-281	267	2	posits	posit	NOUN
epaa-281	267	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-281	267	4	1	1	X
epaa-281	267	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	267	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	267	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	267	8	encouraged	encourage	VERB
epaa-281	267	9	to	to	PART
epaa-281	267	10	use	use	VERB
epaa-281	267	11	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	267	12	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-281	267	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	267	14	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-281	267	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-281	267	16	resembled	resemble	VERB
epaa-281	267	17	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	267	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	267	19	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	267	20	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	267	21	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	267	22	2	2	X
epaa-281	267	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	267	24	content	content	NOUN
epaa-281	267	25	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-281	267	26	not	not	PART
epaa-281	267	27	included	include	VERB
epaa-281	267	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	267	29	the	the	DET
epaa-281	267	30	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	267	31	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	267	32	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	267	33	neglected	neglect	VERB
epaa-281	267	34	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-281	267	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	267	36	3	3	X
epaa-281	267	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	267	38	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	267	39	devoted	devote	VERB
epaa-281	267	40	to	to	PART
epaa-281	267	41	test	test	VERB
epaa-281	267	42	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-281	267	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	267	44	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	267	45	reduced	reduce	VERB
epaa-281	267	46	time	time	NOUN
epaa-281	267	47	available	available	ADJ
epaa-281	267	48	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	267	49	other	other	ADJ
epaa-281	267	50	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	267	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	268	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	268	2	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	268	3	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-281	268	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	268	5	up	up	ADP
epaa-281	268	6	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	268	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	268	8	she	she	PRON
epaa-281	268	9	expands	expand	VERB
epaa-281	268	10	this	this	DET
epaa-281	268	11	list	list	NOUN
epaa-281	268	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	268	13	three	three	NUM
epaa-281	268	14	to	to	PART
epaa-281	268	15	six	six	NUM
epaa-281	268	16	.	.	NOUN
epaa-281	269	1	4	4	NUM
epaa-281	269	2	.	.	X
epaa-281	269	3	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	269	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	269	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	269	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	269	7	surveyed	survey	VERB
epaa-281	269	8	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-281	269	9	math	math	NOUN
epaa-281	269	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	269	11	english	english	ADJ
epaa-281	269	12	/	/	SYM
epaa-281	269	13	language	language	NOUN
epaa-281	269	14	arts	art	NOUN
epaa-281	269	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	269	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	269	17	hoffman	hoffman	PROPN
epaa-281	269	18	et	et	PROPN
epaa-281	269	19	al	al	PROPN
epaa-281	269	20	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	270	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	270	2	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-281	270	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	270	4	surveyed	survey	VERB
epaa-281	270	5	reading	read	VERB
epaa-281	270	6	specialists	specialist	NOUN
epaa-281	270	7	statewide	statewide	ADV
epaa-281	270	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	270	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	270	10	gordon	gordon	PROPN
epaa-281	270	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	270	12	reese	reese	PROPN
epaa-281	270	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	270	14	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-281	270	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	270	16	surveyed	survey	VERB
epaa-281	270	17	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	270	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	270	19	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	270	20	were	be	AUX
epaa-281	270	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	270	22	graduate	graduate	ADJ
epaa-281	270	23	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	270	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	270	25	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	270	26	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-281	270	27	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	270	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	270	29	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	270	30	349	349	NUM
epaa-281	270	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	270	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	1	5	5	X
epaa-281	271	2	.	.	X
epaa-281	271	3	exploration	exploration	NOUN
epaa-281	271	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	271	5	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	271	6	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-281	271	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	271	8	this	this	DET
epaa-281	271	9	study	study	NOUN
epaa-281	271	10	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-281	271	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	271	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	271	13	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-281	271	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	271	15	mathematic	mathematic	ADJ
epaa-281	271	16	lessons	lesson	NOUN
epaa-281	271	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	271	18	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-281	271	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	271	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	271	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	22	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-281	271	23	size	size	NOUN
epaa-281	271	24	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	26	i.e.	i.e.	X
epaa-281	271	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	28	large	large	ADJ
epaa-281	271	29	vs.	vs.	X
epaa-281	271	30	small	small	ADJ
epaa-281	271	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	34	student	student	NOUN
epaa-281	271	35	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	271	36	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	38	i.e.	i.e.	X
epaa-281	271	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	40	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	271	41	vs.	vs.	ADP
epaa-281	271	42	nonpractice	nonpractice	NOUN
epaa-281	271	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	271	46	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	47	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	271	48	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-281	271	49	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	50	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	51	i.e.	i.e.	X
epaa-281	271	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	53	tell	tell	VERB
epaa-281	271	54	procedure	procedure	NOUN
epaa-281	271	55	vs.	vs.	AUX
epaa-281	271	56	develop	develop	VERB
epaa-281	271	57	concept	concept	NOUN
epaa-281	271	58	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	59	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	60	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	271	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	62	mayrowetz	mayrowetz	NOUN
epaa-281	271	63	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	64	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	271	65	fairman	fairman	NOUN
epaa-281	271	66	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	67	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	271	68	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	69	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-281	271	70	104	104	NUM
epaa-281	271	71	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	271	72	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	272	1	references	reference	NOUN
epaa-281	272	2	barton	barton	PROPN
epaa-281	272	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	272	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-281	272	5	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-281	272	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	272	7	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	272	8	coley	coley	PROPN
epaa-281	272	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	272	10	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-281	272	11	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-281	272	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	272	13	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-281	272	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	272	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	273	1	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	273	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	273	3	america	america	PROPN
epaa-281	273	4	's	's	PART
epaa-281	273	5	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	273	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	273	7	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	273	8	information	information	NOUN
epaa-281	273	9	report	report	NOUN
epaa-281	273	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	274	1	princeton	princeton	PROPN
epaa-281	274	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	274	3	nj	nj	PROPN
epaa-281	274	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	274	5	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	274	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	274	7	service	service	NOUN
epaa-281	274	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	274	9	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	274	10	information	information	NOUN
epaa-281	274	11	center	center	NOUN
epaa-281	274	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	275	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	275	2	eric	eric	PROPN
epaa-281	275	3	document	document	NOUN
epaa-281	275	4	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
epaa-281	275	5	service	service	NOUN
epaa-281	275	6	no	no	INTJ
epaa-281	275	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	276	1	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-281	276	2	366	366	NUM
epaa-281	276	3	616	616	NUM
epaa-281	276	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	276	5	bond	bond	NOUN
epaa-281	276	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	276	7	l.a	l.a	PROPN
epaa-281	276	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	276	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	276	10	baskamp	baskamp	PROPN
epaa-281	276	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	276	12	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	276	13	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	276	14	roeber	roeber	PROPN
epaa-281	276	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	276	16	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-281	276	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	276	18	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-281	276	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	276	20	the	the	DET
epaa-281	276	21	status	status	NOUN
epaa-281	276	22	report	report	NOUN
epaa-281	276	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	276	24	the	the	DET
epaa-281	276	25	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	276	26	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	276	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	276	28	the	the	DET
epaa-281	276	29	united	united	PROPN
epaa-281	276	30	states	states	PROPN
epaa-281	276	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	277	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-281	277	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	277	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-281	277	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	277	5	the	the	DET
epaa-281	277	6	council	council	NOUN
epaa-281	277	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	277	8	chief	chief	ADJ
epaa-281	277	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	277	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	277	11	17	17	NUM
epaa-281	277	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	277	13	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	277	14	officers	officer	NOUN
epaa-281	277	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	277	16	oak	oak	PROPN
epaa-281	277	17	brook	brook	PROPN
epaa-281	277	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	277	19	il	il	PROPN
epaa-281	277	20	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	277	21	north	north	ADJ
epaa-281	277	22	central	central	ADJ
epaa-281	277	23	regional	regional	ADJ
epaa-281	277	24	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	277	25	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
epaa-281	277	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	278	1	bond	bond	NOUN
epaa-281	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	278	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-281	278	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-281	278	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	278	6	cohen	cohen	PROPN
epaa-281	278	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	278	8	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	278	9	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-281	278	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	278	11	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	278	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	278	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	279	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	279	2	early	early	ADJ
epaa-281	279	3	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-281	279	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	279	5	indiana	indiana	PROPN
epaa-281	279	6	statewide	statewide	PROPN
epaa-281	279	7	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	279	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	279	9	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	279	10	progress	progress	NOUN
epaa-281	279	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	279	12	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	279	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	279	14	agencies	agency	NOUN
epaa-281	279	15	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	279	16	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-281	279	17	'	'	PART
epaa-281	279	18	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	279	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	280	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	280	2	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-281	280	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-281	280	4	stake	stake	PROPN
epaa-281	280	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	280	6	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-281	280	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	280	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	280	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	280	10	advances	advance	NOUN
epaa-281	280	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	280	12	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	280	13	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-281	280	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	280	15	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-281	280	16	.	.	NOUN
epaa-281	281	1	1	1	X
epaa-281	281	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	281	3	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	281	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	281	5	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	281	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	281	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	281	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	281	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	281	10	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-281	281	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	282	1	75	75	NUM
epaa-281	282	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	282	3	99	99	NUM
epaa-281	282	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	282	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	283	1	greenwich	greenwich	PROPN
epaa-281	283	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	283	3	ct	ct	PROPN
epaa-281	283	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	283	5	jai	jai	PROPN
epaa-281	283	6	press	press	PROPN
epaa-281	283	7	ltd	ltd	PROPN
epaa-281	283	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	283	9	brown	brown	PROPN
epaa-281	283	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	283	11	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	283	12	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-281	283	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	283	14	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	283	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	283	16	april	april	PROPN
epaa-281	283	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	283	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	284	1	altering	alter	VERB
epaa-281	284	2	curricula	curricula	NOUN
epaa-281	284	3	through	through	ADP
epaa-281	284	4	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	284	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	284	6	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	284	7	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	284	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	284	9	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	284	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	284	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	284	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	284	13	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	284	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	285	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-281	285	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-281	285	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	285	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	285	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-281	285	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-281	285	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	285	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	285	9	american	american	PROPN
epaa-281	285	10	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-281	285	11	research	research	PROPN
epaa-281	285	12	association	association	PROPN
epaa-281	285	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	285	14	san	san	PROPN
epaa-281	285	15	francisco	francisco	PROPN
epaa-281	285	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	285	17	ca	ca	PROPN
epaa-281	285	18	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	285	19	brown	brown	PROPN
epaa-281	285	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	285	21	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	285	22	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-281	285	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	285	24	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-281	285	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	285	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	286	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	286	2	political	political	ADJ
epaa-281	286	3	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	286	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	286	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	286	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	286	7	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	286	8	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	286	9	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	286	10	through	through	ADP
epaa-281	286	11	the	the	DET
epaa-281	286	12	eyes	eye	NOUN
epaa-281	286	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	286	14	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-281	286	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	286	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	286	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	287	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	287	2	eric	eric	PROPN
epaa-281	287	3	document	document	NOUN
epaa-281	287	4	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
epaa-281	287	5	service	service	NOUN
epaa-281	287	6	no	no	INTJ
epaa-281	287	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	288	1	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-281	288	2	360	360	NUM
epaa-281	288	3	737	737	NUM
epaa-281	288	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	288	5	cohen	cohen	PROPN
epaa-281	288	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	288	7	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	288	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	288	9	mclaughlin	mclaughlin	PROPN
epaa-281	288	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	288	11	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-281	288	12	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-281	288	13	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	288	14	talbert	talbert	PROPN
epaa-281	288	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	288	16	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-281	288	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	288	18	eds	eds	PROPN
epaa-281	288	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	288	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	288	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	289	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	289	2	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-281	289	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	289	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	290	1	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-281	290	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	290	3	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	290	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	290	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-281	290	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	290	7	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	290	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	290	9	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	290	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	291	1	san	san	PROPN
epaa-281	291	2	francisco	francisco	PROPN
epaa-281	291	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	291	4	jossey	jossey	NOUN
epaa-281	291	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	291	6	bass	bass	NOUN
epaa-281	291	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	292	1	corbett	corbett	PROPN
epaa-281	292	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	292	3	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-281	292	4	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	292	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	292	6	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-281	292	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	292	8	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-281	292	9	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-281	292	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	292	11	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	292	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	292	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	293	1	two	two	NUM
epaa-281	293	2	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	293	3	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-281	293	4	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-281	293	5	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	293	6	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-281	293	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	293	8	their	their	PRON
epaa-281	293	9	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	293	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	293	11	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	293	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	293	13	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	293	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	294	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	294	2	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-281	294	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-281	294	4	stake	stake	PROPN
epaa-281	294	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	294	6	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-281	294	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	294	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	294	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	294	10	advances	advance	NOUN
epaa-281	294	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	294	12	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	294	13	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-281	294	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	294	15	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-281	294	16	.	.	NOUN
epaa-281	295	1	1	1	X
epaa-281	295	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	295	3	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	295	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	295	5	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	295	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	295	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	295	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	295	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	295	10	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-281	295	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	296	1	7	7	NUM
epaa-281	296	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	296	3	40	40	NUM
epaa-281	296	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	296	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	297	1	greenwich	greenwich	PROPN
epaa-281	297	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	297	3	ct	ct	PROPN
epaa-281	297	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	297	5	jai	jai	PROPN
epaa-281	297	6	press	press	PROPN
epaa-281	297	7	ltd	ltd	PROPN
epaa-281	297	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	297	9	ellwein	ellwein	PROPN
epaa-281	297	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	297	11	m.c	m.c	PROPN
epaa-281	297	12	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	297	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	297	14	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-281	297	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	297	16	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-281	297	17	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-281	297	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	297	19	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	297	20	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	297	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	297	22	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-281	297	23	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-281	297	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	297	25	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-281	297	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	297	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	298	1	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	298	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	298	3	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-281	298	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	298	5	propositions	proposition	NOUN
epaa-281	298	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	298	7	the	the	DET
epaa-281	298	8	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-281	298	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	298	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	298	11	reforms	reform	NOUN
epaa-281	298	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	299	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	299	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	299	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	299	4	17	17	NUM
epaa-281	299	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	299	6	4	4	NUM
epaa-281	299	7	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	299	8	9	9	NUM
epaa-281	299	9	.	.	X
epaa-281	299	10	feuer	feuer	PROPN
epaa-281	299	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	299	12	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-281	299	13	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-281	299	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	299	15	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	299	16	fulton	fulton	PROPN
epaa-281	299	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	299	18	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-281	299	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	299	20	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-281	299	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	299	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	300	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	300	2	many	many	ADJ
epaa-281	300	3	faces	face	NOUN
epaa-281	300	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	300	5	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	300	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	300	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	301	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-281	301	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-281	301	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-281	301	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	301	5	74	74	NUM
epaa-281	301	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	301	7	478	478	NUM
epaa-281	301	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	302	1	firestone	firestone	PROPN
epaa-281	302	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	302	3	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-281	302	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	302	5	mayrowetz	mayrowetz	NOUN
epaa-281	302	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	302	7	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	302	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	302	9	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	302	10	fairman	fairman	PROPN
epaa-281	302	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	302	12	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-281	302	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	302	14	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	302	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	302	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	303	1	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	303	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	303	3	based	base	VERB
epaa-281	303	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	303	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	303	6	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-281	303	7	change	change	NOUN
epaa-281	303	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	303	9	the	the	DET
epaa-281	303	10	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	303	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	303	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	303	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	303	14	maine	maine	PROPN
epaa-281	303	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	303	16	maryland	maryland	PROPN
epaa-281	303	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	304	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	304	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-281	304	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	304	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	304	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	304	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	304	7	20	20	NUM
epaa-281	304	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	304	9	2	2	NUM
epaa-281	304	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	304	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	304	12	95	95	NUM
epaa-281	304	13	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	304	14	113	113	NUM
epaa-281	304	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	305	1	glasnapp	glasnapp	NOUN
epaa-281	305	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	305	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	305	4	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-281	305	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	305	6	poggio	poggio	PROPN
epaa-281	305	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	305	8	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-281	305	9	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-281	305	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	305	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	305	12	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-281	305	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	305	14	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	305	15	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-281	305	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	305	17	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	305	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	305	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	306	1	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-281	306	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	306	3	a	a	DET
epaa-281	306	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	306	5	low	low	ADJ
epaa-281	306	6	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	306	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-281	306	8	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	306	9	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-281	306	10	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-281	306	11	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	306	12	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	306	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	306	14	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	306	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	306	16	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
epaa-281	306	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	306	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	306	19	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-281	306	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	307	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	307	2	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-281	307	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-281	307	4	stake	stake	PROPN
epaa-281	307	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	307	6	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-281	307	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	307	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	307	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	307	10	advances	advance	NOUN
epaa-281	307	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	307	12	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	307	13	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-281	307	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	307	15	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-281	307	16	.	.	NOUN
epaa-281	308	1	1	1	X
epaa-281	308	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	308	3	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	308	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	308	5	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	308	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	308	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	308	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	308	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	308	10	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-281	308	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	309	1	101	101	NUM
epaa-281	309	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	309	3	140	140	NUM
epaa-281	309	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	309	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	310	1	greenwich	greenwich	PROPN
epaa-281	310	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	310	3	ct	ct	PROPN
epaa-281	310	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	310	5	jai	jai	PROPN
epaa-281	310	6	press	press	PROPN
epaa-281	310	7	ltd	ltd	PROPN
epaa-281	310	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	310	9	gordon	gordon	PROPN
epaa-281	310	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	310	11	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	310	12	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-281	310	13	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	310	14	reese	reese	PROPN
epaa-281	310	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	310	16	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-281	310	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	310	18	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-281	310	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	310	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	311	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	311	2	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	311	3	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	311	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	311	5	worth	worth	ADJ
epaa-281	311	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	311	7	price	price	NOUN
epaa-281	311	8	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-281	312	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-281	312	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	312	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	312	4	leadership	leadership	NOUN
epaa-281	312	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	313	1	7	7	NUM
epaa-281	313	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	313	3	345	345	NUM
epaa-281	313	4	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	313	5	368	368	NUM
epaa-281	313	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	314	1	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	314	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	314	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	314	4	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-281	314	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	314	6	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-281	314	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	314	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	315	1	locating	locate	VERB
epaa-281	315	2	authority	authority	NOUN
epaa-281	315	3	over	over	ADP
epaa-281	315	4	content	content	NOUN
epaa-281	315	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	315	6	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
epaa-281	315	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	315	8	cross	cross	ADJ
epaa-281	315	9	-	-	ADJ
epaa-281	315	10	current	current	ADJ
epaa-281	315	11	influences	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	315	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	315	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	315	14	'	'	PART
epaa-281	315	15	thinking	thinking	NOUN
epaa-281	315	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	315	17	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	315	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	316	1	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-281	316	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	316	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	316	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	316	5	social	social	ADJ
epaa-281	316	6	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	316	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	316	8	24	24	NUM
epaa-281	316	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	316	10	3	3	NUM
epaa-281	316	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	316	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	316	13	237	237	NUM
epaa-281	316	14	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	316	15	272	272	NUM
epaa-281	316	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	317	1	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	317	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	317	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	317	4	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-281	317	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	317	6	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	317	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	317	8	february	february	PROPN
epaa-281	317	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	317	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	318	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	318	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	318	3	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	318	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	318	5	exploring	explore	VERB
epaa-281	318	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	318	7	'	'	PART
epaa-281	318	8	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	318	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	318	10	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-281	318	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	318	12	the	the	DET
epaa-281	318	13	new	new	PROPN
epaa-281	318	14	york	york	PROPN
epaa-281	318	15	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	318	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	318	17	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	318	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	318	19	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	318	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	319	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	319	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	319	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	319	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-281	319	5	[	[	X
epaa-281	319	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	319	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	319	8	line	line	NOUN
epaa-281	319	9	serial	serial	NOUN
epaa-281	319	10	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-281	319	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	319	12	8(14	8(14	NUM
epaa-281	319	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	319	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	320	1	available	available	ADJ
epaa-281	320	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	320	3	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n14.html	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n14.html	PROPN
epaa-281	320	4	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	320	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	320	6	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	320	7	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-281	320	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	320	9	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-281	320	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	320	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	321	1	an	an	DET
epaa-281	321	2	uncertain	uncertain	ADJ
epaa-281	321	3	lever	lever	NOUN
epaa-281	321	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	321	5	exploring	explore	VERB
epaa-281	321	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	321	7	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	321	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	321	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	321	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	321	11	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	321	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	321	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	321	14	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-281	321	15	social	social	ADJ
epaa-281	321	16	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-281	321	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	322	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	322	2	college	college	PROPN
epaa-281	322	3	record	record	NOUN
epaa-281	322	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	322	5	103(3	103(3	NUM
epaa-281	322	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	322	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	322	8	398	398	NUM
epaa-281	322	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	322	10	426	426	NUM
epaa-281	322	11	.	.	NOUN
epaa-281	322	12	18	18	NUM
epaa-281	322	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	322	14	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	322	15	haas	haas	NOUN
epaa-281	322	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	322	17	n.	n.	PROPN
epaa-281	322	18	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	322	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	322	20	haladyna	haladyna	NOUN
epaa-281	322	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	322	22	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-281	322	23	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-281	322	24	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	322	25	nolen	nolen	PROPN
epaa-281	322	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	322	27	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	322	28	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-281	322	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	322	30	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	322	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	322	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	323	1	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-281	323	2	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	323	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	323	4	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-281	323	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	323	6	interview	interview	NOUN
epaa-281	323	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	323	8	written	write	VERB
epaa-281	323	9	comments	comment	NOUN
epaa-281	323	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	323	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	323	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	323	13	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-281	323	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	323	15	tech	tech	PROPN
epaa-281	323	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	324	1	rep	rep	PROPN
epaa-281	324	2	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	324	3	no	no	PROPN
epaa-281	324	4	.	.	NOUN
epaa-281	324	5	89	89	NUM
epaa-281	324	6	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	324	7	3	3	NUM
epaa-281	324	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	324	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	325	1	phoenix	phoenix	PROPN
epaa-281	325	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	325	3	az	az	PROPN
epaa-281	325	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	325	5	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-281	325	6	state	state	PROPN
epaa-281	325	7	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	325	8	west	west	PROPN
epaa-281	325	9	campus	campus	PROPN
epaa-281	325	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	326	1	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	326	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	326	3	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-281	326	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	326	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	326	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	326	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	327	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	327	2	myth	myth	NOUN
epaa-281	327	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	327	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	327	5	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	327	6	miracle	miracle	NOUN
epaa-281	327	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	327	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	327	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	328	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	328	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	328	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	328	4	archieves	archieve	VERB
epaa-281	328	5	[	[	X
epaa-281	328	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	328	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	328	8	line	line	NOUN
epaa-281	328	9	serial	serial	NOUN
epaa-281	328	10	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-281	328	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	328	12	8(41	8(41	NUM
epaa-281	328	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	328	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	329	1	available	available	ADJ
epaa-281	329	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	329	3	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n41/	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n41/	PROPN
epaa-281	329	4	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-281	329	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	329	6	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-281	329	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	329	8	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	329	9	madaus	madaus	PROPN
epaa-281	329	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	329	11	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-281	329	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	329	13	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	329	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	329	15	searching	search	VERB
epaa-281	329	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	329	17	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-281	329	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	329	19	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-281	329	20	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	329	21	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	329	22	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-281	329	23	s	s	VERB
epaa-281	329	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	329	25	what	what	PRON
epaa-281	329	26	s	s	VERB
epaa-281	329	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	329	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	329	29	whithers	whither	NOUN
epaa-281	329	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	330	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-281	330	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-281	330	3	kappan	kappan	NOUN
epaa-281	330	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	330	5	70(9	70(9	NUM
epaa-281	330	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	330	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	330	8	683	683	NUM
epaa-281	330	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	330	10	687	687	NUM
epaa-281	330	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	331	1	heubert	heubert	NOUN
epaa-281	331	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	331	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-281	331	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-281	331	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	331	6	hauser	hauser	PROPN
epaa-281	331	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	331	8	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-281	331	9	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-281	331	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	331	11	eds	ed	NOUN
epaa-281	331	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	331	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	331	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	332	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	332	2	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-281	332	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	332	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	333	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	333	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	333	3	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	333	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	333	5	testing	test	VERB
epaa-281	333	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	333	7	tracking	tracking	NOUN
epaa-281	333	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	333	9	promotion	promotion	NOUN
epaa-281	333	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	333	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	333	12	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-281	333	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	334	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-281	334	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	334	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-281	334	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	334	5	national	national	PROPN
epaa-281	334	6	academy	academy	PROPN
epaa-281	334	7	press	press	PROPN
epaa-281	334	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	335	1	hoffman	hoffman	PROPN
epaa-281	335	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	335	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-281	335	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	335	5	pennington	pennington	PROPN
epaa-281	335	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	335	7	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-281	335	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	335	9	assaf	assaf	PROPN
epaa-281	335	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	335	11	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-281	335	12	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	335	13	paris	paris	PROPN
epaa-281	335	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	335	15	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	335	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	335	17	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-281	335	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	335	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	336	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	336	2	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	336	3	testing	test	VERB
epaa-281	336	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	336	5	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-281	336	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	336	7	its	its	PRON
epaa-281	336	8	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	336	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	336	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	336	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	336	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	336	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	336	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	336	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-281	336	16	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	336	17	today	today	NOUN
epaa-281	336	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	336	19	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	336	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	336	21	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN
epaa-281	336	22	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-281	337	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	337	2	unpublished	unpublished	ADJ
epaa-281	337	3	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
epaa-281	337	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	337	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	338	1	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	338	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	338	3	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	338	4	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	338	5	austin	austin	PROPN
epaa-281	338	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	338	7	howe	howe	PROPN
epaa-281	338	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	338	9	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-281	338	10	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	338	11	eisenhart	eisenhart	PROPN
epaa-281	338	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	338	13	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-281	338	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	338	15	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-281	338	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	338	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	1	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	339	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	339	3	qualitative	qualitative	NOUN
epaa-281	339	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	339	6	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
epaa-281	339	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	8	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	339	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	10	a	a	DET
epaa-281	339	11	prolegomenon	prolegomenon	NOUN
epaa-281	339	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	13	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	339	14	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	339	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	16	19(4	19(4	PROPN
epaa-281	339	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	19	2	2	NUM
epaa-281	339	20	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	339	21	9	9	NUM
epaa-281	339	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	23	madaus	madaus	PROPN
epaa-281	339	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	25	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-281	339	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	27	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-281	339	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	339	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	340	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	340	2	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	340	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	340	4	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	340	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	340	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	340	7	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	340	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	341	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	341	2	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-281	341	3	tanner	tanner	PROPN
epaa-281	341	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	341	5	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-281	341	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	341	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	341	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	341	9	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-281	341	10	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-281	341	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	341	12	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	341	13	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	341	14	87	87	NUM
epaa-281	341	15	th	th	NUM
epaa-281	341	16	yearbook	yearbook	NOUN
epaa-281	341	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	341	18	the	the	DET
epaa-281	341	19	nsse	nsse	NOUN
epaa-281	341	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	341	21	part	part	NOUN
epaa-281	341	22	1	1	NUM
epaa-281	341	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	341	24	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-281	341	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	342	1	83	83	NUM
epaa-281	342	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	342	3	121	121	NUM
epaa-281	342	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	342	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	343	1	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-281	343	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	344	1	university	university	NOUN
epaa-281	344	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	344	3	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-281	344	4	press	press	PROPN
epaa-281	344	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	345	1	nolen	nolen	PROPN
epaa-281	345	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	345	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	345	4	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-281	345	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	345	6	haladyna	haladyna	NOUN
epaa-281	345	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	345	8	t.	t.	NOUN
epaa-281	345	9	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-281	345	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	345	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	345	12	haas	haas	PROPN
epaa-281	345	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	345	14	n.	n.	PROPN
epaa-281	345	15	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	345	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	345	17	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	345	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	345	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	346	1	a	a	DET
epaa-281	346	2	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-281	346	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	346	4	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-281	346	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	346	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	346	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	346	8	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-281	346	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	346	10	the	the	DET
epaa-281	346	11	uses	use	NOUN
epaa-281	346	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	346	13	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	346	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	346	15	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-281	346	16	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-281	346	17	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	346	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	346	19	tech	tech	PROPN
epaa-281	346	20	rep	rep	PROPN
epaa-281	346	21	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	346	22	no	no	PROPN
epaa-281	346	23	.	.	NOUN
epaa-281	346	24	89	89	NUM
epaa-281	346	25	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	346	26	2	2	NUM
epaa-281	346	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	346	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	347	1	phoenix	phoenix	PROPN
epaa-281	347	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	347	3	az	az	PROPN
epaa-281	347	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	347	5	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-281	347	6	state	state	PROPN
epaa-281	347	7	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	347	8	west	west	PROPN
epaa-281	347	9	campus	campus	PROPN
epaa-281	347	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	348	1	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-281	348	2	counts	count	VERB
epaa-281	348	3	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	348	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	348	5	who	who	PRON
epaa-281	348	6	should	should	AUX
epaa-281	348	7	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-281	348	8	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-281	349	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	349	2	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-281	349	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	349	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	350	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	350	2	week	week	NOUN
epaa-281	350	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	350	4	xix	xix	PROPN
epaa-281	350	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	350	6	18	18	NUM
epaa-281	350	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	350	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	351	1	[	[	X
epaa-281	351	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	351	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	351	4	line	line	NOUN
epaa-281	351	5	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-281	351	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	352	1	available	available	ADJ
epaa-281	352	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	352	3	http://www.edweek.org/sreports/qc00.htm	http://www.edweek.org/sreports/qc00.htm	ADJ
epaa-281	352	4	popham	popham	NOUN
epaa-281	352	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	352	6	w.	w.	NOUN
epaa-281	352	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	352	8	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-281	352	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	352	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	353	1	can	can	AUX
epaa-281	353	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-281	353	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	353	4	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	353	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	353	6	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-281	353	7	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	353	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	353	9	local	local	ADJ
epaa-281	353	10	level	level	NOUN
epaa-281	353	11	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-281	354	1	nassp	nassp	PROPN
epaa-281	354	2	bulletin	bulletin	NOUN
epaa-281	354	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	354	4	71(496	71(496	NOUN
epaa-281	354	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	354	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	354	7	77	77	NUM
epaa-281	354	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	354	9	84	84	NUM
epaa-281	354	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	355	1	resnick	resnick	PROPN
epaa-281	355	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	355	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	355	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-281	355	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	355	6	resnick	resnick	PROPN
epaa-281	355	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	355	8	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-281	355	9	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-281	355	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	355	11	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-281	355	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	355	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	356	1	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	356	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	356	3	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	356	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	356	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	356	6	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-281	356	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	356	8	a	a	DET
epaa-281	356	9	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-281	356	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	356	11	comparative	comparative	ADJ
epaa-281	356	12	perspective	perspective	NOUN
epaa-281	356	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	357	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	357	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	357	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	357	4	14(4	14(4	NUM
epaa-281	357	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	357	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	357	7	5	5	NUM
epaa-281	357	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	357	9	20	20	NUM
epaa-281	357	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	358	1	romberg	romberg	PROPN
epaa-281	358	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	358	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-281	358	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-281	358	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	358	6	zarinnia	zarinnia	PROPN
epaa-281	358	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	358	8	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-281	358	9	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-281	358	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	358	11	williams	williams	PROPN
epaa-281	358	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	358	13	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	358	14	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-281	358	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	358	16	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	358	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	358	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	359	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	359	2	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	359	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	359	4	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	359	5	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	359	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	359	7	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-281	359	8	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-281	359	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	359	10	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-281	359	11	8	8	NUM
epaa-281	359	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	359	13	'	'	PART
epaa-281	359	14	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-281	359	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	360	1	madison	madison	PROPN
epaa-281	360	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	360	3	wi	wi	PROPN
epaa-281	360	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	360	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	360	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	360	7	wisconsin	wisconsin	PROPN
epaa-281	360	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	360	9	center	center	NOUN
epaa-281	360	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	360	11	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	360	12	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	360	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	360	14	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	360	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	360	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	360	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	360	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	360	19	office	office	NOUN
epaa-281	360	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	360	21	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	360	22	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	360	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	360	24	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-281	360	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	360	26	the	the	DET
epaa-281	360	27	united	united	PROPN
epaa-281	360	28	states	states	PROPN
epaa-281	360	29	department	department	PROPN
epaa-281	360	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	360	31	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	360	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	361	1	rottenberg	rottenberg	PROPN
epaa-281	361	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	361	3	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-281	361	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	361	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	361	6	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	361	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	361	8	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-281	361	9	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-281	361	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	361	11	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-281	361	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	361	13	april	april	PROPN
epaa-281	361	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	361	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	362	1	unintended	unintended	ADJ
epaa-281	362	2	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	362	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	362	4	external	external	ADJ
epaa-281	362	5	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	362	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	362	7	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-281	362	8	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	362	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	363	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-281	363	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-281	363	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	363	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	363	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-281	363	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-281	363	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	363	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	363	9	american	american	PROPN
epaa-281	363	10	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-281	363	11	research	research	PROPN
epaa-281	363	12	association	association	PROPN
epaa-281	363	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	363	14	boston	boston	PROPN
epaa-281	363	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	1	schwille	schwille	PROPN
epaa-281	364	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-281	364	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	5	porter	porter	NOUN
epaa-281	364	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	7	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-281	364	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	9	belli	belli	PROPN
epaa-281	364	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	11	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-281	364	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	13	floden	floden	PROPN
epaa-281	364	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	15	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-281	364	16	freeman	freeman	PROPN
epaa-281	364	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	18	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	364	19	knappen	knappen	PROPN
epaa-281	364	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	21	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-281	364	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	23	kuhs	kuhs	PROPN
epaa-281	364	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	25	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-281	364	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	27	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	364	28	schmidt	schmidt	PROPN
epaa-281	364	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	30	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-281	364	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	32	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-281	364	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	364	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	365	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	365	2	as	as	ADP
epaa-281	365	3	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	365	4	brokers	broker	NOUN
epaa-281	365	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	365	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	365	7	content	content	NOUN
epaa-281	365	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	365	9	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-281	365	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	365	11	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-281	365	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	366	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	366	2	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-281	366	3	shulman	shulman	PROPN
epaa-281	366	4	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	366	5	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-281	366	6	sykes	sykes	PROPN
epaa-281	366	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	366	8	eds	ed	NOUN
epaa-281	366	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	366	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	366	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	366	12	handbook	handbook	NOUN
epaa-281	366	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	366	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	366	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	366	16	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	366	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	366	18	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-281	366	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	366	20	370	370	NUM
epaa-281	366	21	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	366	22	391	391	NUM
epaa-281	366	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	366	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	367	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-281	367	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-281	367	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	368	1	longman	longman	NOUN
epaa-281	368	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	1	19	19	NUM
epaa-281	369	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	369	3	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	369	4	smith	smith	NOUN
epaa-281	369	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	6	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-281	369	7	l	l	PROPN
epaa-281	369	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	9	edelsky	edelsky	NOUN
epaa-281	369	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	11	c.	c.	NOUN
epaa-281	369	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	13	draper	draper	NOUN
epaa-281	369	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	15	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-281	369	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	17	rottenberg	rottenberg	PROPN
epaa-281	369	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	19	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-281	369	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	21	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	369	22	cherland	cherland	PROPN
epaa-281	369	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	24	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-281	369	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	26	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-281	369	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	369	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	370	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	370	2	role	role	NOUN
epaa-281	370	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	370	4	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	370	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	370	6	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-281	370	7	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-281	370	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	371	1	los	los	PROPN
epaa-281	371	2	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-281	371	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	371	4	ca	can	AUX
epaa-281	371	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	371	6	center	center	VERB
epaa-281	371	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	371	8	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	371	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	371	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	371	11	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-281	371	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	371	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-281	371	14	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-281	371	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	371	16	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-281	371	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-281	371	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	371	19	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	371	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	371	21	ucla	ucla	PROPN
epaa-281	371	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	372	1	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-281	372	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	372	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-281	372	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-281	372	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	372	6	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	372	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	372	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	373	1	put	put	VERB
epaa-281	373	2	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	373	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	373	4	test	test	NOUN
epaa-281	373	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	373	6	the	the	DET
epaa-281	373	7	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	373	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	373	9	external	external	ADJ
epaa-281	373	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	373	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	373	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	373	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	374	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	374	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-281	374	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	374	4	20(5	20(5	NUM
epaa-281	374	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	374	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	374	7	8	8	NUM
epaa-281	374	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	374	9	11	11	NUM
epaa-281	374	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	374	11	stake	stake	NOUN
epaa-281	374	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	374	13	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-281	374	14	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-281	374	15	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	374	16	rugg	rugg	PROPN
epaa-281	374	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	374	18	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	374	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	374	20	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-281	374	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	374	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	375	1	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-281	375	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	375	3	the	the	DET
epaa-281	375	4	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-281	375	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	376	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	376	2	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-281	376	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-281	376	4	stake	stake	PROPN
epaa-281	376	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	376	6	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-281	376	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	376	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	376	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	376	10	advances	advance	NOUN
epaa-281	376	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	376	12	program	program	NOUN
epaa-281	376	13	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-281	376	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	376	15	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-281	376	16	.	.	NOUN
epaa-281	377	1	1	1	X
epaa-281	377	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	377	3	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-281	377	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	377	5	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	377	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-281	377	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	377	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-281	377	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	377	10	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-281	377	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	378	1	xix	xix	PROPN
epaa-281	378	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	378	3	xxii	xxii	PROPN
epaa-281	378	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	378	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	379	1	greenwich	greenwich	PROPN
epaa-281	379	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	379	3	ct	ct	PROPN
epaa-281	379	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	379	5	jai	jai	PROPN
epaa-281	379	6	press	press	PROPN
epaa-281	379	7	ltd	ltd	PROPN
epaa-281	379	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	379	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	379	10	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	379	11	agency	agency	NOUN
epaa-281	379	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	380	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	380	2	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-281	380	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	380	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	381	1	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	381	2	student	student	PROPN
epaa-281	381	3	asssessment	asssessment	PROPN
epaa-281	381	4	program	program	PROPN
epaa-281	381	5	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-281	381	6	digest	digest	NOUN
epaa-281	381	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	381	8	the	the	DET
epaa-281	381	9	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-281	381	10	year	year	NOUN
epaa-281	381	11	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-281	381	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	381	13	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-281	381	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	382	1	austin	austin	PROPN
epaa-281	382	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	382	3	tx	tx	PROPN
epaa-281	382	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	382	5	tea	tea	PROPN
epaa-281	382	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	383	1	wiggins	wiggins	PROPN
epaa-281	383	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	383	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-281	383	4	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-281	383	5	mctighe	mctighe	PROPN
epaa-281	383	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	383	7	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-281	383	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	383	9	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	383	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	383	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	384	1	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	384	2	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	384	3	design	design	NOUN
epaa-281	384	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	385	1	alexandria	alexandria	PROPN
epaa-281	385	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	385	3	va	va	PROPN
epaa-281	385	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	385	5	association	association	NOUN
epaa-281	385	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	385	7	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-281	385	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	385	9	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-281	385	10	development	development	NOUN
epaa-281	385	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	386	1	wiske	wiske	PROPN
epaa-281	386	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	386	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-281	386	4	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-281	386	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	386	6	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-281	386	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	386	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	386	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	387	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	387	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-281	387	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	387	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	388	1	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-281	388	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	388	3	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-281	388	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	388	5	linking	link	VERB
epaa-281	388	6	research	research	NOUN
epaa-281	388	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-281	388	8	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-281	388	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	389	1	san	san	PROPN
epaa-281	389	2	francisco	francisco	PROPN
epaa-281	389	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	389	4	jossey	jossey	NOUN
epaa-281	389	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	389	6	bass	bass	NOUN
epaa-281	389	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	390	1	zancanella	zancanella	PROPN
epaa-281	390	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	390	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	390	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	390	5	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-281	390	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	390	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	391	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	391	2	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-281	391	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	391	4	state	state	NOUN
epaa-281	391	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	391	6	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-281	391	7	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-281	391	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	391	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	391	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	391	11	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-281	391	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	392	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-281	392	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-281	392	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	392	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	392	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	392	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	392	7	14(3	14(3	NUM
epaa-281	392	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	392	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	392	10	283	283	NUM
epaa-281	392	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	392	12	295	295	NUM
epaa-281	392	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	393	1	acknowledgements	acknowledgement	NOUN
epaa-281	393	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	393	3	author	author	NOUN
epaa-281	393	4	wishes	wish	VERB
epaa-281	393	5	to	to	PART
epaa-281	393	6	thank	thank	VERB
epaa-281	393	7	s.g	s.g	PROPN
epaa-281	393	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	393	9	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	393	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	393	11	catherine	catherine	PROPN
epaa-281	393	12	cornbleth	cornbleth	PROPN
epaa-281	393	13	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	393	14	the	the	DET
epaa-281	393	15	university	university	NOUN
epaa-281	393	16	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	393	17	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN
epaa-281	393	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	393	19	encouraging	encourage	VERB
epaa-281	393	20	her	she	PRON
epaa-281	393	21	to	to	PART
epaa-281	393	22	submit	submit	VERB
epaa-281	393	23	this	this	DET
epaa-281	393	24	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-281	393	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	393	26	publication	publication	NOUN
epaa-281	393	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	394	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-281	394	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	394	3	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-281	394	4	thankful	thankful	ADJ
epaa-281	394	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	394	6	s.g	s.g	PROPN
epaa-281	394	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	394	8	grant	grant	PROPN
epaa-281	394	9	's	's	PART
epaa-281	394	10	willingness	willingness	NOUN
epaa-281	394	11	to	to	PART
epaa-281	394	12	read	read	VERB
epaa-281	394	13	numerous	numerous	ADJ
epaa-281	394	14	drafts	draft	NOUN
epaa-281	394	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	394	16	offer	offer	VERB
epaa-281	394	17	feedback	feedback	NOUN
epaa-281	394	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	394	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	394	20	gently	gently	ADV
epaa-281	394	21	pry	pry	VERB
epaa-281	394	22	the	the	DET
epaa-281	394	23	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
epaa-281	394	24	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	394	25	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	394	26	fingers	finger	NOUN
epaa-281	394	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	395	1	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	395	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	395	3	author	author	NOUN
epaa-281	395	4	sandra	sandra	PROPN
epaa-281	395	5	cimbricz	cimbricz	PROPN
epaa-281	395	6	teacher	teacher	PROPN
epaa-281	395	7	education	education	PROPN
epaa-281	395	8	department	department	PROPN
epaa-281	395	9	canisius	canisius	PROPN
epaa-281	395	10	college	college	PROPN
epaa-281	395	11	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-281	395	12	main	main	ADJ
epaa-281	395	13	street	street	NOUN
epaa-281	395	14	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN
epaa-281	395	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	395	16	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-281	395	17	14208	14208	NUM
epaa-281	395	18	phone	phone	NOUN
epaa-281	395	19	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	395	20	716	716	NUM
epaa-281	395	21	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	395	22	888	888	NUM
epaa-281	395	23	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	395	24	3731	3731	NUM
epaa-281	395	25	sandra	sandra	PROPN
epaa-281	395	26	cimbricz	cimbricz	NOUN
epaa-281	395	27	recently	recently	ADV
epaa-281	395	28	earned	earn	VERB
epaa-281	395	29	her	her	PRON
epaa-281	395	30	ph.d	ph.d	NOUN
epaa-281	395	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	396	1	from	from	ADP
epaa-281	396	2	the	the	DET
epaa-281	396	3	university	university	NOUN
epaa-281	396	4	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	396	5	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN
epaa-281	396	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-281	396	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	396	8	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-281	396	9	an	an	DET
epaa-281	396	10	assistant	assistant	ADJ
epaa-281	396	11	professor	professor	NOUN
epaa-281	396	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	396	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	396	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	396	15	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	396	16	canisius	canisius	PROPN
epaa-281	396	17	college	college	PROPN
epaa-281	396	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-281	396	19	buffalo	buffalo	PROPN
epaa-281	396	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	396	21	new	new	PROPN
epaa-281	396	22	york	york	PROPN
epaa-281	396	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	397	1	to	to	PART
epaa-281	397	2	contact	contact	VERB
epaa-281	397	3	her	she	PRON
epaa-281	397	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	397	5	please	please	INTJ
epaa-281	397	6	email:cimbrics@canisius.edu	email:cimbrics@canisius.edu	PROPN
epaa-281	397	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	398	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
epaa-281	398	2	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-281	398	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-281	398	4	the	the	DET
epaa-281	398	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	398	6	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	398	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	398	8	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-281	398	9	the	the	DET
epaa-281	398	10	world	world	NOUN
epaa-281	398	11	wide	wide	ADJ
epaa-281	398	12	web	web	NOUN
epaa-281	398	13	address	address	NOUN
epaa-281	398	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	398	15	the	the	DET
epaa-281	398	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	398	17	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-281	398	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-281	398	19	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-281	398	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	398	21	epaa.asu.edu	epaa.asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-281	398	22	general	general	ADJ
epaa-281	398	23	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-281	398	24	about	about	ADP
epaa-281	398	25	appropriateness	appropriateness	NOUN
epaa-281	398	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	398	27	topics	topic	NOUN
epaa-281	398	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	398	29	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-281	398	30	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-281	398	31	may	may	AUX
epaa-281	398	32	be	be	AUX
epaa-281	398	33	20	20	NUM
epaa-281	398	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	398	35	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	398	36	addressed	address	VERB
epaa-281	398	37	to	to	ADP
epaa-281	398	38	the	the	DET
epaa-281	398	39	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-281	398	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	398	41	gene	gene	NOUN
epaa-281	398	42	v	v	NOUN
epaa-281	398	43	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-281	398	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	398	45	glass@asu.edu	glass@asu.edu	NOUN
epaa-281	398	46	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-281	398	47	reach	reach	VERB
epaa-281	398	48	him	he	PRON
epaa-281	398	49	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	398	50	college	college	NOUN
epaa-281	398	51	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	398	52	education	education	NOUN
epaa-281	398	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	398	54	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-281	398	55	state	state	PROPN
epaa-281	398	56	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	398	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	398	58	tempe	tempe	PROPN
epaa-281	398	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	398	60	az	az	PROPN
epaa-281	398	61	85287	85287	NUM
epaa-281	398	62	-	-	SYM
epaa-281	398	63	2411	2411	NUM
epaa-281	398	64	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	399	1	the	the	DET
epaa-281	399	2	commentary	commentary	NOUN
epaa-281	399	3	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-281	399	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-281	399	5	casey	casey	PROPN
epaa-281	399	6	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	399	7	cobb	cobb	PROPN
epaa-281	399	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-281	399	9	casey.cobb@unh.edu	casey.cobb@unh.edu	PROPN
epaa-281	399	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	400	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-281	400	2	editorial	editorial	PROPN
epaa-281	400	3	board	board	PROPN
epaa-281	400	4	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-281	400	5	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-281	400	6	apple	apple	PROPN
epaa-281	400	7	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	400	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	400	9	wisconsin	wisconsin	PROPN
epaa-281	400	10	greg	greg	PROPN
epaa-281	400	11	camilli	camilli	PROPN
epaa-281	400	12	rutgers	rutgers	PROPN
epaa-281	400	13	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	400	14	john	john	PROPN
epaa-281	400	15	covaleskie	covaleskie	PROPN
epaa-281	400	16	northern	northern	PROPN
epaa-281	400	17	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-281	400	18	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	400	19	alan	alan	PROPN
epaa-281	400	20	davis	davis	PROPN
epaa-281	400	21	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	400	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	400	23	colorado	colorado	PROPN
epaa-281	400	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	400	25	denver	denver	PROPN
epaa-281	400	26	sherman	sherman	PROPN
epaa-281	400	27	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-281	400	28	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	400	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	400	30	south	south	PROPN
epaa-281	400	31	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-281	400	32	mark	mark	PROPN
epaa-281	400	33	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-281	400	34	fetler	fetler	PROPN
epaa-281	400	35	california	california	PROPN
epaa-281	400	36	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-281	400	37	on	on	ADP
epaa-281	400	38	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-281	400	39	credentialing	credentiale	VERB
epaa-281	400	40	richard	richard	PROPN
epaa-281	400	41	garlikov	garlikov	PROPN
epaa-281	401	1	hmwkhelp@scott.net	hmwkhelp@scott.net	PROPN
epaa-281	401	2	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-281	401	3	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-281	401	4	green	green	PROPN
epaa-281	401	5	syracuse	syracuse	PROPN
epaa-281	401	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	401	7	alison	alison	PROPN
epaa-281	401	8	i.	i.	PROPN
epaa-281	401	9	griffith	griffith	PROPN
epaa-281	401	10	york	york	PROPN
epaa-281	401	11	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	401	12	arlen	arlen	PROPN
epaa-281	401	13	gullickson	gullickson	PROPN
epaa-281	401	14	western	western	PROPN
epaa-281	401	15	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-281	401	16	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	401	17	ernest	ernest	PROPN
epaa-281	401	18	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-281	401	19	house	house	PROPN
epaa-281	401	20	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	401	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	401	22	colorado	colorado	PROPN
epaa-281	401	23	aimee	aimee	PROPN
epaa-281	401	24	howley	howley	PROPN
epaa-281	401	25	ohio	ohio	PROPN
epaa-281	401	26	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	401	27	craig	craig	PROPN
epaa-281	401	28	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-281	401	29	howley	howley	PROPN
epaa-281	401	30	appalachia	appalachia	PROPN
epaa-281	401	31	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-281	401	32	laboratory	laboratory	PROPN
epaa-281	401	33	william	william	PROPN
epaa-281	401	34	hunter	hunter	PROPN
epaa-281	401	35	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	401	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	401	37	calgary	calgary	PROPN
epaa-281	401	38	daniel	daniel	PROPN
epaa-281	401	39	kallós	kallós	PROPN
epaa-281	401	40	umeå	umeå	PROPN
epaa-281	401	41	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	401	42	benjamin	benjamin	PROPN
epaa-281	401	43	levin	levin	PROPN
epaa-281	401	44	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	401	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	401	46	manitoba	manitoba	PROPN
epaa-281	401	47	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-281	401	48	mauhs	mauhs	PROPN
epaa-281	401	49	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	401	50	pugh	pugh	PROPN
epaa-281	401	51	green	green	PROPN
epaa-281	401	52	mountain	mountain	PROPN
epaa-281	401	53	college	college	PROPN
epaa-281	401	54	dewayne	dewayne	PROPN
epaa-281	401	55	matthews	matthews	PROPN
epaa-281	401	56	education	education	PROPN
epaa-281	401	57	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-281	401	58	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	401	59	the	the	DET
epaa-281	401	60	states	states	PROPN
epaa-281	401	61	william	william	PROPN
epaa-281	401	62	mcinerney	mcinerney	PROPN
epaa-281	401	63	purdue	purdue	PROPN
epaa-281	401	64	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	401	65	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-281	401	66	mckeown	mckeown	PROPN
epaa-281	401	67	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	401	68	moak	moak	NOUN
epaa-281	401	69	mgt	mgt	NOUN
epaa-281	401	70	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	401	71	america	america	PROPN
epaa-281	401	72	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	401	73	austin	austin	PROPN
epaa-281	401	74	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	401	75	tx	tx	PROPN
epaa-281	401	76	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	401	77	les	les	PROPN
epaa-281	401	78	mclean	mclean	PROPN
epaa-281	401	79	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	401	80	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	401	81	toronto	toronto	PROPN
epaa-281	401	82	susan	susan	PROPN
epaa-281	401	83	bobbitt	bobbitt	PROPN
epaa-281	401	84	nolen	nolen	PROPN
epaa-281	401	85	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	401	86	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	401	87	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-281	401	88	anne	anne	PROPN
epaa-281	401	89	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-281	401	90	pemberton	pemberton	PROPN
epaa-281	402	1	apembert@pen.k12.va.us	apembert@pen.k12.va.us	PROPN
epaa-281	402	2	hugh	hugh	PROPN
epaa-281	402	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-281	402	4	petrie	petrie	PROPN
epaa-281	402	5	suny	suny	PROPN
epaa-281	402	6	buffalo	buffalo	PROPN
epaa-281	402	7	richard	richard	PROPN
epaa-281	402	8	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-281	402	9	richardson	richardson	PROPN
epaa-281	402	10	new	new	PROPN
epaa-281	402	11	york	york	PROPN
epaa-281	402	12	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	402	13	anthony	anthony	PROPN
epaa-281	402	14	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-281	402	15	rud	rud	PROPN
epaa-281	402	16	jr	jr	PROPN
epaa-281	402	17	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	402	18	purdue	purdue	PROPN
epaa-281	402	19	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	402	20	dennis	dennis	PROPN
epaa-281	402	21	sayers	sayers	PROPN
epaa-281	402	22	california	california	PROPN
epaa-281	402	23	state	state	PROPN
epaa-281	402	24	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	402	25	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	402	26	stanislaus	stanislaus	PROPN
epaa-281	402	27	jay	jay	PROPN
epaa-281	402	28	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	402	29	scribner	scribner	PROPN
epaa-281	402	30	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	402	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	402	32	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-281	402	33	at	at	ADP
epaa-281	402	34	austin	austin	PROPN
epaa-281	402	35	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-281	402	36	scriven	scriven	PROPN
epaa-281	402	37	scriven@aol.com	scriven@aol.com	PROPN
epaa-281	403	1	robert	robert	PROPN
epaa-281	403	2	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-281	403	3	stake	stake	PROPN
epaa-281	403	4	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	403	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	403	6	illinois	illinois	PROPN
epaa-281	403	7	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-281	403	8	uc	uc	PROPN
epaa-281	403	9	robert	robert	PROPN
epaa-281	403	10	stonehill	stonehill	PROPN
epaa-281	403	11	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-281	403	12	.	.	PROPN
epaa-281	403	13	department	department	PROPN
epaa-281	403	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	403	15	education	education	PROPN
epaa-281	403	16	david	david	PROPN
epaa-281	403	17	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-281	403	18	williams	williams	PROPN
epaa-281	403	19	brigham	brigham	PROPN
epaa-281	403	20	young	young	PROPN
epaa-281	403	21	university	university	NOUN
epaa-281	403	22	epaa	epaa	NOUN
epaa-281	403	23	spanish	spanish	ADJ
epaa-281	403	24	language	language	NOUN
epaa-281	403	25	editorial	editorial	NOUN
epaa-281	403	26	board	board	NOUN
epaa-281	403	27	associate	associate	NOUN
epaa-281	403	28	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-281	403	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-281	403	30	spanish	spanish	ADJ
epaa-281	403	31	language	language	NOUN
epaa-281	403	32	roberto	roberto	PROPN
epaa-281	403	33	rodríguez	rodríguez	NOUN
epaa-281	403	34	gómez	gómez	PROPN
epaa-281	403	35	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-281	403	36	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-281	403	37	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-281	403	38	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	403	39	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-281	403	40	roberto@servidor.unam.mx	roberto@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-281	403	41	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	403	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	403	43	21	21	NUM
epaa-281	403	44	adrián	adrián	NOUN
epaa-281	403	45	acosta	acosta	NOUN
epaa-281	403	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	403	47	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-281	403	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	403	49	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-281	403	50	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	403	51	guadalajara	guadalajara	PROPN
epaa-281	403	52	adrianacosta@compuserve.com	adrianacosta@compuserve.com	X
epaa-281	404	1	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-281	404	2	félix	félix	PROPN
epaa-281	404	3	angulo	angulo	PROPN
epaa-281	404	4	rasco	rasco	PROPN
epaa-281	404	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	404	6	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-281	404	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	404	8	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-281	404	9	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	404	10	cádiz	cádiz	PROPN
epaa-281	404	11	felix.angulo@uca.es	felix.angulo@uca.es	PROPN
epaa-281	404	12	teresa	teresa	PROPN
epaa-281	404	13	bracho	bracho	PROPN
epaa-281	404	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	404	15	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-281	404	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	404	17	centro	centro	PROPN
epaa-281	404	18	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	404	19	investigación	investigación	PROPN
epaa-281	404	20	y	y	PROPN
epaa-281	404	21	docencia	docencia	PROPN
epaa-281	404	22	económica	económica	PROPN
epaa-281	404	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	404	24	cide	cide	NOUN
epaa-281	404	25	bracho	bracho	NOUN
epaa-281	404	26	dis1.cide.mx	dis1.cide.mx	PROPN
epaa-281	404	27	alejandro	alejandro	PROPN
epaa-281	404	28	canales	canales	PROPN
epaa-281	404	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	404	30	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-281	404	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	404	32	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-281	404	33	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-281	405	1	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-281	405	2	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	405	3	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-281	405	4	canalesa@servidor.unam.mx	canalesa@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-281	405	5	ursula	ursula	PROPN
epaa-281	405	6	casanova	casanova	PROPN
epaa-281	405	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	405	8	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-281	405	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	405	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	406	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-281	406	2	state	state	PROPN
epaa-281	406	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	406	4	casanova@asu.edu	casanova@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-281	406	5	josé	josé	PROPN
epaa-281	406	6	contreras	contreras	PROPN
epaa-281	406	7	domingo	domingo	PROPN
epaa-281	406	8	universitat	universitat	PROPN
epaa-281	406	9	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	406	10	barcelona	barcelona	PROPN
epaa-281	406	11	jose.contreras@doe.d5.ub.es	jose.contreras@doe.d5.ub.es	PROPN
epaa-281	406	12	erwin	erwin	PROPN
epaa-281	406	13	epstein	epstein	PROPN
epaa-281	406	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	406	15	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-281	406	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	406	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	407	1	loyola	loyola	PROPN
epaa-281	407	2	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	407	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	407	4	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-281	407	5	eepstein@luc.edu	eepstein@luc.edu	PROPN
epaa-281	408	1	josué	josué	PROPN
epaa-281	408	2	gonzález	gonzález	PROPN
epaa-281	408	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	408	4	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-281	408	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	408	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-281	409	2	state	state	PROPN
epaa-281	409	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	409	4	josue@asu.edu	josue@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-281	409	5	rollin	rollin	PROPN
epaa-281	409	6	kent	kent	PROPN
epaa-281	409	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	8	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-281	409	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	10	departamento	departamento	PROPN
epaa-281	409	11	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	409	12	investigación	investigación	PROPN
epaa-281	409	13	educativa	educativa	PROPN
epaa-281	409	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	15	die	die	VERB
epaa-281	409	16	/	/	SYM
epaa-281	409	17	cinvestav	cinvestav	NOUN
epaa-281	409	18	rkent@gemtel.com.mx	rkent@gemtel.com.mx	PROPN
epaa-281	409	19	kentr@data.net.mx	kentr@data.net.mx	PROPN
epaa-281	409	20	maría	maría	PROPN
epaa-281	409	21	beatriz	beatriz	PROPN
epaa-281	409	22	luce	luce	PROPN
epaa-281	409	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	24	brazil	brazil	PROPN
epaa-281	409	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	26	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-281	409	27	federal	federal	PROPN
epaa-281	409	28	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	409	29	rio	rio	PROPN
epaa-281	409	30	grande	grande	PROPN
epaa-281	409	31	do	do	VERB
epaa-281	409	32	sul	sul	ADJ
epaa-281	409	33	-	-	ADJ
epaa-281	409	34	ufrgs	ufrgs	ADJ
epaa-281	409	35	lucemb@orion.ufrgs.br	lucemb@orion.ufrgs.br	PROPN
epaa-281	409	36	javier	javier	PROPN
epaa-281	409	37	mendoza	mendoza	PROPN
epaa-281	409	38	rojas	rojas	PROPN
epaa-281	409	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	40	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-281	409	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	42	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-281	409	43	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-281	409	44	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-281	409	45	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	409	46	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-281	409	47	javiermr@servidor.unam.mx	javiermr@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-281	409	48	marcela	marcela	PROPN
epaa-281	409	49	mollis	mollis	PROPN
epaa-281	409	50	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	51	argentina	argentina	PROPN
epaa-281	409	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	53	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-281	409	54	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	409	55	buenos	buenos	PROPN
epaa-281	409	56	aires	aires	PROPN
epaa-281	409	57	mmollis@filo.uba.ar	mmollis@filo.uba.ar	PROPN
epaa-281	409	58	humberto	humberto	PROPN
epaa-281	409	59	muñoz	muñoz	PROPN
epaa-281	409	60	garcía	garcía	PROPN
epaa-281	409	61	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	62	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-281	409	63	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	64	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-281	409	65	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-281	409	66	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-281	409	67	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	409	68	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-281	409	69	humberto@servidor.unam.mx	humberto@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-281	409	70	angel	angel	NOUN
epaa-281	409	71	ignacio	ignacio	PROPN
epaa-281	409	72	pérez	pérez	PROPN
epaa-281	409	73	gómez	gómez	PROPN
epaa-281	409	74	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	75	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-281	409	76	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	77	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-281	409	78	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	409	79	málaga	málaga	PROPN
epaa-281	409	80	aiperez@uma.es	aiperez@uma.es	PROPN
epaa-281	409	81	daniel	daniel	PROPN
epaa-281	409	82	schugurensky	schugurensky	PROPN
epaa-281	409	83	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	84	argentina	argentina	PROPN
epaa-281	409	85	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	86	canadá	canadá	NOUN
epaa-281	409	87	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	409	88	oise	oise	PROPN
epaa-281	409	89	/	/	SYM
epaa-281	409	90	ut	ut	PROPN
epaa-281	409	91	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	410	1	canada	canada	PROPN
epaa-281	410	2	dschugurensky@oise.utoronto.ca	dschugurensky@oise.utoronto.ca	PROPN
epaa-281	410	3	simon	simon	PROPN
epaa-281	410	4	schwartzman	schwartzman	PROPN
epaa-281	410	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	410	6	brazil	brazil	PROPN
epaa-281	410	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	410	8	fundação	fundação	NOUN
epaa-281	410	9	instituto	instituto	PROPN
epaa-281	410	10	brasileiro	brasileiro	PROPN
epaa-281	410	11	e	e	PROPN
epaa-281	410	12	geografia	geografia	PROPN
epaa-281	410	13	e	e	PROPN
epaa-281	410	14	estatística	estatística	PROPN
epaa-281	410	15	simon@openlink.com.br	simon@openlink.com.br	PROPN
epaa-281	410	16	jurjo	jurjo	PROPN
epaa-281	410	17	torres	torre	VERB
epaa-281	410	18	santomé	santomé	NOUN
epaa-281	410	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	410	20	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-281	410	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	410	22	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-281	411	1	de	de	PROPN
epaa-281	411	2	a	a	DET
epaa-281	411	3	coruña	coruña	NOUN
epaa-281	411	4	jurjo@udc.es	jurjo@udc.es	PROPN
epaa-281	411	5	carlos	carlos	PROPN
epaa-281	411	6	alberto	alberto	PROPN
epaa-281	411	7	torres	torres	PROPN
epaa-281	411	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-281	411	9	u.s.a	u.s.a	NOUN
epaa-281	411	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-281	411	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-281	412	1	university	university	PROPN
epaa-281	412	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-281	412	3	california	california	PROPN
epaa-281	412	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-281	412	5	los	los	PROPN
epaa-281	412	6	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-281	412	7	torres@gseisucla.edu	torres@gseisucla.edu	PUNCT