id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
epaa-316	1	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-316	1	2	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-316	1	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	2	1	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	2	2	no	no	NOUN
epaa-316	2	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	3	1	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	3	2	laczko	laczko	NOUN
epaa-316	3	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	3	4	kerr	kerr	PROPN
epaa-316	3	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	3	6	berliner	berliner	PROPN
epaa-316	3	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	3	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	3	9	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	3	10	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-316	3	11	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	3	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	3	13	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	3	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	3	15	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	3	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	3	17	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-316	3	18	volume	volume	VERB
epaa-316	3	19	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	3	20	number	number	NOUN
epaa-316	3	21	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	3	22	september	september	PROPN
epaa-316	3	23	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	3	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	3	25	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	3	26	issn	issn	PROPN
epaa-316	3	27	1068	1068	NUM
epaa-316	3	28	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	3	29	2341	2341	NUM
epaa-316	3	30	a	a	DET
epaa-316	3	31	peer	peer	NOUN
epaa-316	3	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	3	33	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-316	3	34	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
epaa-316	3	35	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	3	36	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-316	3	37	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	3	38	gene	gene	NOUN
epaa-316	3	39	v	v	ADP
epaa-316	3	40	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-316	3	41	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	3	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	3	43	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	3	44	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	3	45	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	3	46	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	3	47	copyright	copyright	NOUN
epaa-316	3	48	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	3	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	3	50	the	the	DET
epaa-316	3	51	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	3	52	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	3	53	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	3	54	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-316	3	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	4	1	permission	permission	NOUN
epaa-316	4	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	4	3	hereby	hereby	ADV
epaa-316	4	4	granted	grant	VERB
epaa-316	4	5	to	to	PART
epaa-316	4	6	copy	copy	VERB
epaa-316	4	7	any	any	DET
epaa-316	4	8	article	article	NOUN
epaa-316	4	9	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	4	10	epaa	epaa	NOUN
epaa-316	4	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	4	12	credited	credit	VERB
epaa-316	4	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	4	14	copies	copy	NOUN
epaa-316	4	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	4	16	not	not	PART
epaa-316	4	17	sold	sell	VERB
epaa-316	4	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	5	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-316	5	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	5	3	a	a	DET
epaa-316	5	4	project	project	NOUN
epaa-316	5	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	5	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	5	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	5	8	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	5	9	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	5	10	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
epaa-316	5	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	6	1	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-316	6	2	appearing	appear	VERB
epaa-316	6	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	6	4	epaa	epaa	NOUN
epaa-316	6	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	6	6	abstracted	abstract	VERB
epaa-316	6	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	6	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	6	9	current	current	ADJ
epaa-316	6	10	index	index	NOUN
epaa-316	6	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	6	12	journals	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	6	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	6	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	6	15	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	6	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	6	17	eric	eric	PROPN
epaa-316	6	18	clearinghouse	clearinghouse	PROPN
epaa-316	6	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	6	20	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	6	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	6	22	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	6	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	6	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	6	25	permanently	permanently	ADV
epaa-316	6	26	archived	archive	VERB
epaa-316	6	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	6	28	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-316	6	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	6	30	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	6	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	7	2	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	7	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	7	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	5	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	7	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	7	7	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	7	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	7	10	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	7	11	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	7	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	13	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	7	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	7	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	7	16	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	7	17	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	7	18	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	7	19	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	20	a	a	DET
epaa-316	7	21	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	7	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	7	23	harmful	harmful	ADJ
epaa-316	7	24	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	7	25	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	7	26	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	7	27	ildiko	ildiko	NOUN
epaa-316	7	28	laczko	laczko	NOUN
epaa-316	7	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	30	kerr	kerr	PROPN
epaa-316	7	31	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	7	32	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	7	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	7	34	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	7	35	david	david	PROPN
epaa-316	7	36	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	7	37	berliner	berliner	PROPN
epaa-316	7	38	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	7	39	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	7	40	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	7	41	citation	citation	NOUN
epaa-316	7	42	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	43	laczko	laczko	NOUN
epaa-316	7	44	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	45	kerr	kerr	PROPN
epaa-316	7	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	47	i.	i.	PROPN
epaa-316	7	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	49	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	7	50	berliner	berliner	PROPN
epaa-316	7	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	52	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-316	7	53	..	..	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	54	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	55	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	7	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	57	september	september	PROPN
epaa-316	7	58	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	7	59	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	7	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	8	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	8	2	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	8	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	8	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	8	5	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	8	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	8	7	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	8	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	8	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	8	10	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	8	11	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	8	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	8	13	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	8	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	8	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	8	16	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	8	17	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	8	18	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	8	19	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	8	20	a	a	DET
epaa-316	8	21	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	8	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	8	23	harmful	harmful	ADJ
epaa-316	8	24	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	8	25	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	8	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	8	27	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	8	28	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	8	29	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	8	30	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	8	31	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-316	8	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	8	33	10(37	10(37	NUM
epaa-316	8	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	8	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	9	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	9	2	[	[	PUNCT
epaa-316	9	3	date	date	NOUN
epaa-316	9	4	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-316	9	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	9	6	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n37/.	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n37/.	PROPN
epaa-316	9	7	abstract	abstract	VERB
epaa-316	9	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	9	9	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	9	10	achievements	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	9	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	9	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	9	13	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	9	14	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	9	15	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	9	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	9	17	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	9	18	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	9	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	9	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	9	21	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	9	22	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	9	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	9	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	9	25	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	9	26	achievements	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	9	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	9	28	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	9	29	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	9	30	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	9	31	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-316	9	32	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	9	33	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	9	34	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	9	35	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	9	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	10	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	10	2	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	10	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	10	4	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	10	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	10	6	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	10	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	10	8	included	include	VERB
epaa-316	10	9	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	10	10	types	type	NOUN
epaa-316	10	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	10	12	under	under	ADP
epaa-316	10	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	10	14	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	10	15	personnel	personnel	NOUN
epaa-316	10	16	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	10	17	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	10	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	10	19	temporary	temporary	ADJ
epaa-316	10	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	10	21	provisionally	provisionally	ADV
epaa-316	10	22	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	10	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	10	24	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	10	25	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	10	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	10	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	11	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	11	2	subset	subset	NOUN
epaa-316	11	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	11	4	these	these	DET
epaa-316	11	5	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	11	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	11	7	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	11	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	11	9	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	11	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	11	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	11	12	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	11	13	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	11	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	11	15	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	11	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	11	17	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	11	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	11	19	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	11	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	11	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	11	22	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	12	1	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-316	12	2	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	12	3	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-316	12	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	12	5	placed	place	VERB
epaa-316	12	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	12	7	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	12	8	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-316	12	9	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	12	10	under	under	NOUN
epaa-316	12	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	12	12	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	12	13	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	12	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	12	15	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	12	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	12	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	12	18	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	12	19	called	call	VERB
epaa-316	12	20	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-316	12	21	to	to	PART
epaa-316	12	22	work	work	VERB
epaa-316	12	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	12	24	namely	namely	ADV
epaa-316	12	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	12	26	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	12	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	12	28	income	income	NOUN
epaa-316	12	29	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	12	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	12	31	rural	rural	ADJ
epaa-316	12	32	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	12	33	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	12	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	13	1	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	13	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	13	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	13	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	13	5	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	13	6	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	13	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	13	8	accredited	accredited	ADJ
epaa-316	13	9	universities	university	NOUN
epaa-316	13	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	13	11	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	13	12	met	meet	VERB
epaa-316	13	13	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	13	14	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	13	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	13	16	receiving	receive	VERB
epaa-316	13	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	13	18	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-316	13	19	initial	initial	ADJ
epaa-316	13	20	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	13	21	to	to	PART
epaa-316	13	22	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	13	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	14	1	recently	recently	ADV
epaa-316	14	2	hired	hire	VERB
epaa-316	14	3	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	14	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	14	5	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	14	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	14	7	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	14	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	14	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	14	10	n=293	n=293	X
epaa-316	14	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	14	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	14	13	five	five	NUM
epaa-316	14	14	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	14	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	14	16	income	income	NOUN
epaa-316	14	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	14	18	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	14	19	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	14	20	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	14	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	14	22	a	a	DET
epaa-316	14	23	number	number	NOUN
epaa-316	14	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	14	25	variables	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	14	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	14	27	resulting	result	VERB
epaa-316	14	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	14	29	109	109	NUM
epaa-316	14	30	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	14	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	14	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	14	33	whose	whose	DET
epaa-316	14	34	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	14	35	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	14	36	took	take	VERB
epaa-316	14	37	the	the	DET
epaa-316	14	38	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-316	14	39	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	14	40	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	14	41	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	14	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	15	1	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	15	2	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	15	3	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	15	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	15	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	15	6	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	15	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	15	8	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	15	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	15	10	did	do	AUX
epaa-316	15	11	not	not	PART
epaa-316	15	12	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-316	15	13	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	15	14	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	15	15	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	15	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	15	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	15	18	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	15	19	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	15	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	15	21	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	15	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	15	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	15	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	15	25	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	15	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	16	1	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	16	2	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	16	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	16	4	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	16	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	16	6	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	16	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	16	8	performed	perform	VERB
epaa-316	16	9	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	16	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	16	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	16	12	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	16	13	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	16	14	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	16	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	16	16	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	16	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	17	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	17	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	17	3	true	true	ADJ
epaa-316	17	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	17	5	all	all	DET
epaa-316	17	6	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	17	7	subtests	subtest	NOUN
epaa-316	17	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	17	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	17	10	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	17	11	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	17	12	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-316	17	13	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	17	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	17	15	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	17	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	17	17	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	17	18	arts	art	NOUN
epaa-316	17	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	18	1	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	18	2	sizes	size	NOUN
epaa-316	18	3	favoring	favor	VERB
epaa-316	18	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	18	5	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	18	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	18	7	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	18	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	18	9	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	18	10	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-316	18	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	19	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	19	2	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	19	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	19	4	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	19	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	19	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	19	7	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	19	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	19	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	19	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	19	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	19	12	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	19	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	19	14	outperformed	outperform	VERB
epaa-316	19	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	19	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	19	17	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	19	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	19	19	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	19	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	19	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	19	22	including	include	VERB
epaa-316	19	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	19	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	19	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	19	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	19	27	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	19	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	19	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	19	30	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	19	31	about	about	ADV
epaa-316	19	32	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	19	33	months	month	NOUN
epaa-316	19	34	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	19	35	a	a	DET
epaa-316	19	36	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	19	37	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
epaa-316	19	38	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-316	19	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	20	1	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	20	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	20	3	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	20	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	20	5	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	20	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	20	7	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	20	8	about	about	ADV
epaa-316	20	9	20	20	NUM
epaa-316	20	10	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	20	11	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	20	12	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	20	13	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-316	20	14	per	per	ADP
epaa-316	20	15	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	20	16	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	20	17	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	20	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	20	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	20	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	20	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	20	22	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-316	20	23	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	20	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	21	1	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	21	2	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	21	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	21	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	21	5	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	21	6	apparently	apparently	ADV
epaa-316	21	7	result	result	VERB
epaa-316	21	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	21	9	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-316	21	10	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	21	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	21	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	21	13	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	21	14	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	21	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	21	16	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	21	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	21	18	income	income	NOUN
epaa-316	21	19	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	21	20	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	21	21	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	21	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	22	1	present	present	ADJ
epaa-316	22	2	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	22	3	allowing	allow	VERB
epaa-316	22	4	under	under	ADP
epaa-316	22	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	22	6	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	22	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	22	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	22	9	including	include	VERB
epaa-316	22	10	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	22	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	22	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	22	13	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	22	14	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	22	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	22	16	to	to	PART
epaa-316	22	17	work	work	VERB
epaa-316	22	18	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	22	19	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	22	20	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	22	21	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-316	22	22	to	to	PART
epaa-316	22	23	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	22	24	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	22	25	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-316	22	26	harmful	harmful	ADJ
epaa-316	22	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	23	1	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	23	2	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	23	3	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-316	23	4	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	23	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	23	6	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	23	7	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	23	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	23	9	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	23	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	23	11	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	23	12	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	23	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	23	14	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	23	15	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
epaa-316	23	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	23	17	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-316	23	18	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	23	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	23	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	23	21	those	those	DET
epaa-316	23	22	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	23	23	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	23	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	23	25	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	23	26	advantaged	advantaged	ADJ
epaa-316	23	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	24	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	24	2	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	24	3	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	24	4	growing	grow	VERB
epaa-316	24	5	interest	interest	NOUN
epaa-316	24	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	24	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	24	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	24	9	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	24	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	24	11	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	24	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	24	13	catch	catch	NOUN
epaa-316	24	14	phrase	phrase	NOUN
epaa-316	24	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	24	16	a	a	DET
epaa-316	24	17	host	host	NOUN
epaa-316	24	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	24	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	24	20	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	24	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	24	22	including	include	VERB
epaa-316	24	23	a	a	DET
epaa-316	24	24	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	24	25	's	's	PART
epaa-316	24	26	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	24	27	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	24	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	24	29	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	24	30	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-316	24	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	24	32	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	24	33	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	24	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	24	35	advanced	advanced	ADJ
epaa-316	24	36	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	24	37	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	24	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	24	39	salary	salary	NOUN
epaa-316	24	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	24	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	24	42	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	24	43	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	24	44	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	24	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	25	1	among	among	ADP
epaa-316	25	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	25	3	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	25	4	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	25	5	under	under	ADP
epaa-316	25	6	investigation	investigation	NOUN
epaa-316	25	7	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	25	8	an	an	DET
epaa-316	25	9	indicator	indicator	NOUN
epaa-316	25	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	25	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	25	12	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	25	13	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	25	14	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	25	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	25	16	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	25	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	26	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	26	2	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	26	3	examines	examine	VERB
epaa-316	26	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	26	5	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	26	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	26	7	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	26	8	kinds	kind	NOUN
epaa-316	26	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	26	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	26	11	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	26	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	26	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	26	14	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	26	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	27	1	reviews	review	NOUN
epaa-316	27	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	27	3	this	this	DET
epaa-316	27	4	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	27	5	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	27	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	27	7	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	27	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	27	9	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	27	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	27	11	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	27	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	27	13	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	27	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	27	15	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	27	16	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	27	17	evertson	evertson	ADV
epaa-316	27	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	27	19	hawley	hawley	PROPN
epaa-316	27	20	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	27	21	zlotnik	zlotnik	PROPN
epaa-316	27	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	27	23	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-316	27	24	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	27	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	27	26	ashton	ashton	PROPN
epaa-316	27	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	27	28	crocker	crocker	PROPN
epaa-316	27	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	27	30	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	27	31	olejnik	olejnik	X
epaa-316	27	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	27	33	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-316	27	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	28	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	28	2	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	28	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	28	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	28	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	28	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	28	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	28	8	strong	strong	ADJ
epaa-316	28	9	commitment	commitment	NOUN
epaa-316	28	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	28	11	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	28	12	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	28	13	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-316	28	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	28	15	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	28	16	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	28	17	needed	need	VERB
epaa-316	28	18	to	to	PART
epaa-316	28	19	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-316	28	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	28	21	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	28	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	28	23	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	28	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	28	25	available	available	ADJ
epaa-316	28	26	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-316	28	27	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	28	28	to	to	PART
epaa-316	28	29	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-316	28	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	28	31	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	28	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	28	33	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	28	34	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
epaa-316	28	35	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-316	28	36	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	28	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	29	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	29	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	29	3	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	29	4	educator	educator	NOUN
epaa-316	29	5	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
epaa-316	29	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	29	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	29	8	aepa	aepa	NOUN
epaa-316	29	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	29	10	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	29	11	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-316	29	12	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	29	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	29	14	tool	tool	NOUN
epaa-316	29	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	29	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	29	17	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	29	18	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	29	19	process	process	NOUN
epaa-316	29	20	to	to	PART
epaa-316	29	21	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-316	29	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	29	23	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	29	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	29	25	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	29	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	29	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	30	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	30	2	part	part	NOUN
epaa-316	30	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	30	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	30	5	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	30	6	purports	purport	NOUN
epaa-316	30	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	30	8	measure	measure	VERB
epaa-316	30	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	30	10	'	'	PART
epaa-316	30	11	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	30	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	30	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	30	14	including	include	VERB
epaa-316	30	15	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
epaa-316	30	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	30	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	30	18	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-316	30	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	30	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	30	21	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	30	22	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-316	30	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	31	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	31	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	31	3	part	part	NOUN
epaa-316	31	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	31	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	31	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	31	7	covers	cover	VERB
epaa-316	31	8	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	31	9	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	31	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	31	11	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-316	31	12	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-316	31	13	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	31	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	31	15	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	31	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	31	17	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-316	31	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	31	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	31	20	a	a	DET
epaa-316	31	21	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	31	22	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-316	31	23	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	31	24	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	31	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	32	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	32	2	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-316	32	3	score	score	NOUN
epaa-316	32	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	32	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	32	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	32	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	32	8	clearance	clearance	NOUN
epaa-316	32	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	32	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	32	11	police	police	NOUN
epaa-316	32	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	32	13	any	any	DET
epaa-316	32	14	criminal	criminal	ADJ
epaa-316	32	15	record	record	NOUN
epaa-316	32	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	32	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	32	18	an	an	DET
epaa-316	32	19	accredited	accredited	ADJ
epaa-316	32	20	university	university	NOUN
epaa-316	32	21	's	's	PART
epaa-316	32	22	recommendation	recommendation	NOUN
epaa-316	32	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	32	24	a	a	DET
epaa-316	32	25	person	person	NOUN
epaa-316	32	26	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	32	27	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-316	32	28	to	to	PART
epaa-316	32	29	work	work	VERB
epaa-316	32	30	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	32	31	a	a	DET
epaa-316	32	32	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	32	33	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	32	34	earns	earn	VERB
epaa-316	32	35	a	a	DET
epaa-316	32	36	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-316	32	37	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	32	38	to	to	PART
epaa-316	32	39	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	32	40	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	32	41	the	the	DET
epaa-316	32	42	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	32	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	33	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	33	2	's	's	PART
epaa-316	33	3	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-316	33	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	33	5	part	part	NOUN
epaa-316	33	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	33	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	33	8	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	33	9	movement	movement	NOUN
epaa-316	33	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	33	11	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-316	33	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	33	13	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	33	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	33	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	33	16	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	33	17	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	33	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	33	19	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	33	20	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	33	21	like	like	ADP
epaa-316	33	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	33	23	aepa	aepa	NOUN
epaa-316	33	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	33	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	33	26	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	33	27	counts	count	NOUN
epaa-316	33	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	33	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	33	30	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	33	31	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	33	32	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	33	33	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	33	34	reauthorization	reauthorization	NOUN
epaa-316	33	35	act	act	NOUN
epaa-316	33	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	33	37	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	33	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	33	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	34	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	34	2	not	not	PART
epaa-316	34	3	every	every	DET
epaa-316	34	4	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	34	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	34	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	34	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	34	8	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	34	9	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-316	34	10	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	34	11	find	find	VERB
epaa-316	34	12	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-316	34	13	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	34	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	34	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	34	16	giving	give	VERB
epaa-316	34	17	rise	rise	NOUN
epaa-316	34	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	34	19	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	34	20	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	34	21	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	34	22	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-316	34	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	34	24	work	work	VERB
epaa-316	34	25	against	against	ADP
epaa-316	34	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	34	27	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-316	34	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	34	29	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	34	30	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	34	31	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	34	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	35	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	35	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-316	35	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	35	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	35	5	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	35	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	35	7	elsewhere	elsewhere	ADV
epaa-316	35	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	35	9	attempts	attempt	VERB
epaa-316	35	10	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	35	11	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-316	35	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	35	13	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	35	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	35	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	35	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	35	17	force	force	NOUN
epaa-316	35	18	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-316	35	19	contradicted	contradict	VERB
epaa-316	35	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	35	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	35	22	continuing	continue	VERB
epaa-316	35	23	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	35	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	35	25	issuing	issue	VERB
epaa-316	35	26	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	35	27	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	35	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	35	29	see	see	VERB
epaa-316	35	30	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	35	31	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	35	32	counts	count	NOUN
epaa-316	35	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	35	34	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	35	35	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	35	36	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	35	37	olson	olson	NOUN
epaa-316	35	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	35	39	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	35	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	35	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	36	1	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-316	36	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	36	3	hiring	hire	VERB
epaa-316	36	4	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	36	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	36	6	ask	ask	VERB
epaa-316	36	7	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	36	8	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-316	36	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	36	10	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	36	11	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-316	36	12	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	36	13	reforms	reform	NOUN
epaa-316	36	14	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	36	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	36	16	enacted	enact	VERB
epaa-316	36	17	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	36	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	36	19	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	36	20	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	36	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	36	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	36	23	varying	vary	VERB
epaa-316	36	24	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	36	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	36	26	untrained	untrained	ADJ
epaa-316	36	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	37	1	supporters	supporter	NOUN
epaa-316	37	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	37	3	hiring	hire	VERB
epaa-316	37	4	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	37	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	37	6	claim	claim	VERB
epaa-316	37	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	37	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	37	9	advantages	advantage	NOUN
epaa-316	37	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	37	11	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	37	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	37	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	37	14	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	37	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	37	16	unproven	unproven	ADJ
epaa-316	37	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	37	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	37	19	some	some	DET
epaa-316	37	20	question	question	NOUN
epaa-316	37	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	37	22	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	37	23	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	37	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	37	25	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	37	26	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	37	27	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	37	28	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	37	29	even	even	ADV
epaa-316	37	30	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-316	37	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	38	1	stated	state	VERB
epaa-316	38	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	38	3	its	its	PRON
epaa-316	38	4	simplest	simple	ADJ
epaa-316	38	5	form	form	NOUN
epaa-316	38	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	38	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	38	8	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	38	9	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	38	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	38	11	question	question	NOUN
epaa-316	38	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	38	13	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	38	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	38	15	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	38	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	38	17	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	38	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	38	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	38	20	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	38	21	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	38	22	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	38	23	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-316	38	24	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	38	25	much	much	ADV
epaa-316	38	26	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	38	27	achieve	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	38	28	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	38	29	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	38	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	38	31	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	38	32	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	38	33	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	38	34	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	38	35	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	38	36	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-316	38	37	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	38	38	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	38	39	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	38	40	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	39	1	an	an	DET
epaa-316	39	2	answer	answer	NOUN
epaa-316	39	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	39	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	39	5	simple	simple	ADJ
epaa-316	39	6	question	question	NOUN
epaa-316	39	7	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	39	8	inform	inform	VERB
epaa-316	39	9	us	we	PRON
epaa-316	39	10	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	39	11	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	39	12	designed	design	VERB
epaa-316	39	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	39	14	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-316	39	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	39	16	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	39	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	39	18	being	be	AUX
epaa-316	39	19	undermined	undermine	VERB
epaa-316	39	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	39	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	39	22	simultaneous	simultaneous	ADJ
epaa-316	39	23	adoption	adoption	NOUN
epaa-316	39	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	39	25	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	39	26	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	39	27	allow	allow	VERB
epaa-316	39	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	39	29	use	use	NOUN
epaa-316	39	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	39	31	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	39	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	39	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	40	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	40	2	dilemma	dilemma	NOUN
epaa-316	40	3	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-316	40	4	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	40	5	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	40	6	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	40	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	40	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	40	9	not	not	PART
epaa-316	40	10	limited	limit	VERB
epaa-316	40	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	40	12	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	40	13	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-316	40	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	40	15	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-316	40	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	40	17	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	40	18	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	40	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	40	20	six	six	NUM
epaa-316	40	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	40	22	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	40	23	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-316	40	24	to	to	PART
epaa-316	40	25	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	40	26	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	40	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	40	28	go	go	VERB
epaa-316	40	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	40	30	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	40	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	40	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	41	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	41	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-316	41	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	41	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	41	5	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-316	41	6	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	41	7	sun	sun	PROPN
epaa-316	41	8	times	time	NOUN
epaa-316	41	9	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	41	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	41	11	rossi	rossi	PROPN
epaa-316	41	12	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	41	13	grossman	grossman	PROPN
epaa-316	41	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	41	15	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	41	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	41	17	reports	report	VERB
epaa-316	41	18	an	an	DET
epaa-316	41	19	audit	audit	NOUN
epaa-316	41	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	41	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	41	22	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-316	41	23	board	board	PROPN
epaa-316	41	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	41	25	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	41	26	showing	show	VERB
epaa-316	41	27	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	41	28	22	22	NUM
epaa-316	41	29	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	41	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	41	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	41	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	41	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	41	34	system	system	NOUN
epaa-316	41	35	's	's	PART
epaa-316	41	36	81	81	NUM
epaa-316	41	37	probationary	probationary	ADJ
epaa-316	41	38	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	41	39	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-316	41	40	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	41	41	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	41	42	the	the	DET
epaa-316	41	43	greatest	great	ADJ
epaa-316	41	44	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	41	45	needs	need	NOUN
epaa-316	41	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	41	47	the	the	DET
epaa-316	41	48	lowest	low	ADJ
epaa-316	41	49	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	41	50	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	41	51	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-316	41	52	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	41	53	not	not	PART
epaa-316	41	54	fully	fully	ADV
epaa-316	41	55	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	41	56	to	to	PART
epaa-316	41	57	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	41	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	42	1	these	these	PRON
epaa-316	42	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	42	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	42	4	missing	miss	VERB
epaa-316	42	5	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	42	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	42	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	42	8	calls	call	VERB
epaa-316	42	9	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	42	10	initial	initial	ADJ
epaa-316	42	11	''	''	PUNCT
epaa-316	42	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	42	13	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	42	14	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-316	42	15	''	''	PUNCT
epaa-316	42	16	certificates	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	42	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	43	1	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	43	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	43	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	43	4	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	43	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	43	6	certificates	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	43	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	43	8	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	43	9	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	43	10	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	43	11	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	43	12	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	43	13	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	43	14	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	43	15	not	not	PART
epaa-316	43	16	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	43	17	to	to	PART
epaa-316	43	18	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	43	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	44	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	44	2	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	44	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	44	4	900	900	NUM
epaa-316	44	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	44	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	44	7	about	about	ADV
epaa-316	44	8	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	44	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	44	10	every	every	DET
epaa-316	44	11	five	five	NUM
epaa-316	44	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	44	13	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-316	44	14	's	's	PART
epaa-316	44	15	worst	worst	ADV
epaa-316	44	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	44	17	performing	perform	VERB
epaa-316	44	18	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	44	19	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	44	20	appeared	appear	VERB
epaa-316	44	21	unqualified	unqualified	ADJ
epaa-316	44	22	to	to	PART
epaa-316	44	23	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	44	24	during	during	ADP
epaa-316	44	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	44	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	44	27	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	44	28	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	44	29	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	44	30	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	44	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	45	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-316	45	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-316	45	3	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	45	4	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	45	5	to	to	PART
epaa-316	45	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	45	7	no	no	ADV
epaa-316	45	8	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	45	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	46	1	lankford	lankford	PROPN
epaa-316	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	46	3	loeb	loeb	PROPN
epaa-316	46	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	46	5	wycoff	wycoff	PROPN
epaa-316	46	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	46	7	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	46	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	46	9	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	46	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	46	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	46	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	46	13	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-316	46	14	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	46	15	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	46	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	46	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	46	18	some	some	DET
epaa-316	46	19	new	new	PROPN
epaa-316	46	20	york	york	PROPN
epaa-316	46	21	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	46	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	46	23	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	46	24	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	46	25	half	half	DET
epaa-316	46	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	46	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	46	28	held	hold	VERB
epaa-316	46	29	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	46	30	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	46	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	46	32	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-316	46	33	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	46	34	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	46	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	47	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	47	2	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	47	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	47	4	invariably	invariably	ADV
epaa-316	47	5	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	47	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	47	7	serving	serve	VERB
epaa-316	47	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	47	9	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	47	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	48	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	48	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	48	3	passage	passage	NOUN
epaa-316	48	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	48	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	48	6	no	no	DET
epaa-316	48	7	child	child	NOUN
epaa-316	48	8	left	leave	VERB
epaa-316	48	9	behind	behind	ADP
epaa-316	48	10	act	act	NOUN
epaa-316	48	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	48	12	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	48	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	48	14	hr1	hr1	PROPN
epaa-316	48	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	48	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	48	17	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-316	48	18	law	law	NOUN
epaa-316	48	19	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	48	20	require	require	VERB
epaa-316	48	21	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	48	22	to	to	PART
epaa-316	48	23	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	48	24	a	a	DET
epaa-316	48	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	48	26	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	48	27	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	48	28	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	48	29	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	48	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	48	31	every	every	DET
epaa-316	48	32	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	48	33	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	48	34	2005	2005	NUM
epaa-316	48	35	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	48	36	2006	2006	NUM
epaa-316	48	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	49	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	49	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	49	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	49	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	49	5	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	49	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	49	7	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	49	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	49	9	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	49	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	49	11	takes	take	VERB
epaa-316	49	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	49	13	added	add	VERB
epaa-316	49	14	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-316	49	15	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	49	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	49	17	designation	designation	NOUN
epaa-316	49	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	49	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	49	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	49	21	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	49	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	49	23	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	49	24	becomes	becomes	AUX
epaa-316	49	25	entwined	entwine	VERB
epaa-316	49	26	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	49	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	49	28	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	49	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	49	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	49	31	so	so	SCONJ
epaa-316	49	32	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	49	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	49	34	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	49	35	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	49	36	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	49	37	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	49	38	distinguished	distinguish	VERB
epaa-316	49	39	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	49	40	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	49	41	less	less	ADV
epaa-316	49	42	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	49	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	50	1	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	50	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	50	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	50	4	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	50	5	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	50	6	follows	follow	VERB
epaa-316	50	7	explores	explore	NOUN
epaa-316	50	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	50	9	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	50	10	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	50	11	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-316	50	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	50	13	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	50	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	50	15	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-316	50	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	50	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	50	18	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	50	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	50	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	50	21	role	role	NOUN
epaa-316	50	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	50	23	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	50	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	50	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	50	26	professionalizaton	professionalizaton	NOUN
epaa-316	50	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	50	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	50	29	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	50	30	workforce	workforce	NOUN
epaa-316	50	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	50	32	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	50	33	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	50	34	the	the	DET
epaa-316	50	35	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	50	36	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	50	37	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	50	38	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	50	39	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	50	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	50	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	50	42	the	the	DET
epaa-316	50	43	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	50	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	50	45	beginning	begin	VERB
epaa-316	50	46	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	50	47	'	'	PART
epaa-316	50	48	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	50	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	51	1	after	after	SCONJ
epaa-316	51	2	those	those	DET
epaa-316	51	3	topics	topic	NOUN
epaa-316	51	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	51	5	discused	discuse	VERB
epaa-316	51	6	briefly	briefly	ADV
epaa-316	51	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	51	8	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	51	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	51	10	bears	bear	VERB
epaa-316	51	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	51	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	51	13	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-316	51	14	range	range	NOUN
epaa-316	51	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	51	16	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	51	17	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	51	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	51	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	51	20	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	51	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	51	22	discussed	discuss	VERB
epaa-316	51	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	51	24	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
epaa-316	51	25	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	51	26	detail	detail	NOUN
epaa-316	51	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	52	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	52	2	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	52	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	52	4	all	all	ADV
epaa-316	52	5	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	52	6	contested	contest	VERB
epaa-316	52	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	52	8	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
epaa-316	52	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	52	10	this	this	DET
epaa-316	52	11	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	52	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	52	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	52	14	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	52	15	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	52	16	usual	usual	ADJ
epaa-316	52	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	52	18	intertwined	intertwine	VERB
epaa-316	52	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	52	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	52	21	ideology	ideology	NOUN
epaa-316	52	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	52	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	52	24	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	52	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	52	26	cochran	cochran	NOUN
epaa-316	52	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	52	28	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-316	52	29	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	52	30	fries	fry	NOUN
epaa-316	52	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	52	32	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	52	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	52	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	53	1	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-316	53	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	53	3	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	53	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	53	5	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	53	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	53	7	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	53	8	its	its	PRON
epaa-316	53	9	core	core	NOUN
epaa-316	53	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	53	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	53	12	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	53	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	53	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	53	15	need	need	NOUN
epaa-316	53	16	to	to	PART
epaa-316	53	17	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-316	53	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	53	19	every	every	DET
epaa-316	53	20	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	53	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	53	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	53	23	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	53	24	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	53	25	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
epaa-316	53	26	screening	screening	NOUN
epaa-316	53	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	53	28	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	53	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	53	30	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	53	31	judged	judge	VERB
epaa-316	53	32	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	53	33	to	to	PART
epaa-316	53	34	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	53	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	54	1	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	54	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	54	3	designed	design	VERB
epaa-316	54	4	to	to	PART
epaa-316	54	5	protect	protect	VERB
epaa-316	54	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	54	7	public	public	NOUN
epaa-316	54	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	54	9	harm	harm	NOUN
epaa-316	54	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	55	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	55	2	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	55	3	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	55	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	55	5	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	55	6	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	55	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	55	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	55	9	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-316	55	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	56	1	lawyers	lawyer	NOUN
epaa-316	56	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	56	3	cosmetologists	cosmetologist	NOUN
epaa-316	56	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	56	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	56	6	physicians	physician	NOUN
epaa-316	56	7	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-316	56	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	56	9	few	few	ADJ
epaa-316	56	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	56	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	56	12	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	56	13	professions	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	56	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	56	15	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	56	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	56	17	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	56	18	require	require	VERB
epaa-316	56	19	a	a	DET
epaa-316	56	20	practitioner	practitioner	NOUN
epaa-316	56	21	to	to	PART
epaa-316	56	22	hold	hold	VERB
epaa-316	56	23	a	a	DET
epaa-316	56	24	license	license	NOUN
epaa-316	56	25	in	in	SCONJ
epaa-316	56	26	order	order	NOUN
epaa-316	56	27	practice	practice	VERB
epaa-316	56	28	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	56	29	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	56	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	57	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	57	2	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-316	57	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	57	4	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-316	57	5	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	57	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	57	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	57	8	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	57	9	a	a	DET
epaa-316	57	10	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-316	57	11	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	57	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	57	13	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	57	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	58	1	professions	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	58	2	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	58	3	require	require	VERB
epaa-316	58	4	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-316	58	5	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	58	6	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	58	7	illegal	illegal	ADJ
epaa-316	58	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	58	9	someone	someone	PRON
epaa-316	58	10	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	58	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	58	12	license	license	NOUN
epaa-316	58	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	58	14	practice	practice	VERB
epaa-316	58	15	that	that	DET
epaa-316	58	16	occupation	occupation	NOUN
epaa-316	58	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	58	18	pyburn	pyburn	NOUN
epaa-316	58	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	58	20	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-316	58	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	58	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	59	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	59	2	person	person	NOUN
epaa-316	59	3	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	59	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	59	5	law	law	NOUN
epaa-316	59	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	59	7	cosmetology	cosmetology	NOUN
epaa-316	59	8	license	license	NOUN
epaa-316	59	9	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	59	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	59	11	committing	commit	VERB
epaa-316	59	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	59	13	crime	crime	NOUN
epaa-316	59	14	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	59	15	caught	catch	VERB
epaa-316	59	16	practicing	practice	VERB
epaa-316	59	17	law	law	NOUN
epaa-316	59	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	59	19	working	work	VERB
epaa-316	59	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	59	21	a	a	DET
epaa-316	59	22	hair	hair	NOUN
epaa-316	59	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	59	24	dressing	dress	VERB
epaa-316	59	25	salon	salon	NOUN
epaa-316	59	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	60	1	no	no	DET
epaa-316	60	2	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	60	3	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-316	60	4	protection	protection	NOUN
epaa-316	60	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	60	6	afforded	afford	VERB
epaa-316	60	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	60	8	public	public	NOUN
epaa-316	60	9	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	60	10	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	60	11	comes	come	VERB
epaa-316	60	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	60	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	60	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	61	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	61	2	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	61	3	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	61	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	61	5	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-316	61	6	not	not	PART
epaa-316	61	7	allowed	allow	VERB
epaa-316	61	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	61	9	use	use	VERB
epaa-316	61	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	61	11	title	title	NOUN
epaa-316	61	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	61	13	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	61	14	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	61	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	61	16	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	61	17	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	61	18	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	61	19	are	be	VERB
epaa-316	61	20	no	no	DET
epaa-316	61	21	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-316	61	22	impediments	impediment	NOUN
epaa-316	61	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	61	24	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	61	25	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	61	26	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	61	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	62	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	62	2	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	62	3	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	62	4	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	62	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	62	6	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-316	62	7	allows	allow	VERB
epaa-316	62	8	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	62	9	to	to	PART
epaa-316	62	10	issue	issue	VERB
epaa-316	62	11	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	62	12	certificates	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	62	13	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	62	14	not	not	PART
epaa-316	62	15	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	62	16	licenses	license	NOUN
epaa-316	62	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	63	1	issuance	issuance	NOUN
epaa-316	63	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	63	3	these	these	DET
epaa-316	63	4	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	63	5	certificates	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	63	6	produces	produce	VERB
epaa-316	63	7	considerable	considerable	ADJ
epaa-316	63	8	moral	moral	ADJ
epaa-316	63	9	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-316	63	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	64	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	64	2	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN
epaa-316	64	3	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	64	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	64	5	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-316	64	6	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	64	7	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	64	8	makes	make	VERB
epaa-316	64	9	this	this	DET
epaa-316	64	10	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	64	11	dramatically	dramatically	ADV
epaa-316	64	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	64	13	rossi	rossi	PROPN
epaa-316	64	14	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	64	15	grossman	grossman	PROPN
epaa-316	64	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	64	17	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	64	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	64	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	65	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	65	2	journalists	journalist	NOUN
epaa-316	65	3	document	document	VERB
epaa-316	65	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	65	5	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	65	6	howland	howland	PROPN
epaa-316	65	7	elementary	elementary	PROPN
epaa-316	65	8	school	school	PROPN
epaa-316	65	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	65	10	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	65	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	65	12	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-316	65	13	's	's	PART
epaa-316	65	14	poorest	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	65	15	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	65	16	55	55	NUM
epaa-316	65	17	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	65	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	65	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	65	20	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	65	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	65	22	not	not	PART
epaa-316	65	23	fully	fully	ADV
epaa-316	65	24	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	65	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	65	26	to	to	PART
epaa-316	65	27	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	65	28	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	65	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	65	30	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	65	31	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	65	32	....	....	PUNCT
epaa-316	66	1	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	66	2	included	include	VERB
epaa-316	66	3	four	four	NUM
epaa-316	66	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	66	5	six	six	NUM
epaa-316	66	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	66	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	66	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	66	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	66	10	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-316	66	11	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	66	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	66	13	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-316	66	14	kids	kid	NOUN
epaa-316	66	15	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	66	16	repeat	repeat	VERB
epaa-316	66	17	a	a	DET
epaa-316	66	18	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	66	19	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	66	20	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	66	21	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	66	22	n't	not	PART
epaa-316	66	23	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	66	24	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	66	25	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	66	26	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-316	66	27	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	66	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	1	all	all	DET
epaa-316	67	2	four	four	NUM
epaa-316	67	3	held	hold	VERB
epaa-316	67	4	substitute	substitute	NOUN
epaa-316	67	5	certificates	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	67	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	7	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-316	67	8	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	67	9	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	67	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	67	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	67	12	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	67	13	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	67	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	15	assigning	assign	VERB
epaa-316	67	16	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	67	17	substitutes	substitute	NOUN
epaa-316	67	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	67	19	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	67	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	21	scoring	score	VERB
epaa-316	67	22	kids	kid	NOUN
epaa-316	67	23	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	67	24	face	face	VERB
epaa-316	67	25	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	67	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	27	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-316	67	28	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	67	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	30	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	67	31	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	67	32	illegal	illegal	ADJ
epaa-316	67	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	34	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	35	said	say	VERB
epaa-316	67	36	kati	kati	PROPN
epaa-316	67	37	haycock	haycock	PROPN
epaa-316	67	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	39	head	head	NOUN
epaa-316	67	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	67	41	the	the	DET
epaa-316	67	42	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	67	43	trust	trust	NOUN
epaa-316	67	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	45	a	a	DET
epaa-316	67	46	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	67	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	48	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-316	67	49	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	67	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	67	51	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	67	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	67	53	advocacy	advocacy	NOUN
epaa-316	67	54	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	67	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	68	1	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	68	2	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	68	3	's	be	AUX
epaa-316	68	4	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	68	5	malpractice	malpractice	NOUN
epaa-316	68	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	68	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	69	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	69	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	69	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	69	4	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-316	69	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	69	6	no	no	DET
epaa-316	69	7	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	69	8	governs	govern	VERB
epaa-316	69	9	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	69	10	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	69	11	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	69	12	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	69	13	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	69	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	70	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	70	2	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	70	3	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
epaa-316	70	4	inquirer	inquirer	NOUN
epaa-316	70	5	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	70	6	wondered	wonder	VERB
epaa-316	70	7	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	70	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	70	9	city	city	NOUN
epaa-316	70	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	70	11	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
epaa-316	70	12	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	70	13	going	go	VERB
epaa-316	70	14	to	to	PART
epaa-316	70	15	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	70	16	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	70	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	70	18	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	70	19	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	70	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	70	21	hundreds	hundred	NOUN
epaa-316	70	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	70	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	70	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	70	25	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	70	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	70	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	71	1	president	president	PROPN
epaa-316	71	2	george	george	PROPN
epaa-316	71	3	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-316	71	4	bush	bush	PROPN
epaa-316	71	5	had	have	AUX
epaa-316	71	6	just	just	ADV
epaa-316	71	7	asked	ask	VERB
epaa-316	71	8	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	71	9	to	to	PART
epaa-316	71	10	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-316	71	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	71	12	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	71	13	was	be	VERB
epaa-316	71	14	a	a	DET
epaa-316	71	15	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	71	16	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	71	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	71	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	71	19	every	every	DET
epaa-316	71	20	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	71	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	72	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	72	2	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
epaa-316	72	3	has	have	VERB
epaa-316	72	4	30,000	30,000	NUM
epaa-316	72	5	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	72	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	72	7	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	72	8	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-316	72	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	72	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	72	11	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	72	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	72	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	72	14	city	city	NOUN
epaa-316	72	15	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	72	16	not	not	PART
epaa-316	72	17	figure	figure	VERB
epaa-316	72	18	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	72	19	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-316	72	20	to	to	PART
epaa-316	72	21	solve	solve	VERB
epaa-316	72	22	that	that	DET
epaa-316	72	23	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	72	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	73	1	president	president	PROPN
epaa-316	73	2	bush	bush	PROPN
epaa-316	73	3	did	do	AUX
epaa-316	73	4	not	not	PART
epaa-316	73	5	mention	mention	VERB
epaa-316	73	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	73	7	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	73	8	governor	governor	NOUN
epaa-316	73	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	73	10	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-316	73	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	73	12	during	during	ADP
epaa-316	73	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	73	14	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	73	15	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	73	16	97	97	NUM
epaa-316	73	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	73	18	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	73	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	73	20	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	73	21	allowed	allow	VERB
epaa-316	73	22	760,000	760,000	NUM
epaa-316	73	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	73	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	73	25	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	73	26	's	's	PART
epaa-316	73	27	3.8	3.8	NUM
epaa-316	73	28	million	million	NUM
epaa-316	73	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	73	30	to	to	PART
epaa-316	73	31	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	73	32	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	73	33	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	73	34	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	73	35	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	73	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	74	1	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-316	74	2	did	do	AUX
epaa-316	74	3	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	74	4	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	74	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	74	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	74	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	74	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	74	9	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	74	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	74	11	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	74	12	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	74	13	not	not	PART
epaa-316	74	14	to	to	PART
epaa-316	74	15	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	74	16	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	74	17	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	74	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	74	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	74	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	74	21	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	74	22	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	74	23	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	74	24	did	do	VERB
epaa-316	74	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	74	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	74	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	74	28	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-316	74	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	74	30	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-316	74	31	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	74	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	74	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	74	34	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	74	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	74	36	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	74	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	74	38	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	74	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	74	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	75	1	president	president	PROPN
epaa-316	75	2	george	george	PROPN
epaa-316	75	3	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-316	75	4	bush	bush	PROPN
epaa-316	75	5	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	75	6	now	now	ADV
epaa-316	75	7	passed	pass	VERB
epaa-316	75	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	75	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	75	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	75	11	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-316	75	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	75	13	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	75	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	75	15	governor	governor	PROPN
epaa-316	75	16	george	george	PROPN
epaa-316	75	17	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-316	75	18	bush	bush	PROPN
epaa-316	75	19	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	75	20	not	not	PART
epaa-316	75	21	solve	solve	VERB
epaa-316	75	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	76	1	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-316	76	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	76	3	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	76	4	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	76	5	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	76	6	defend	defend	VERB
epaa-316	76	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	76	8	process	process	NOUN
epaa-316	76	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	76	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	76	11	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	76	12	claim	claim	VERB
epaa-316	76	13	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	76	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	76	15	a	a	DET
epaa-316	76	16	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-316	76	17	component	component	NOUN
epaa-316	76	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	76	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	76	20	development	development	NOUN
epaa-316	76	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	76	22	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
epaa-316	76	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	76	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	76	25	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	76	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	76	27	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	76	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	76	29	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	76	30	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	76	31	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	76	32	the	the	DET
epaa-316	76	33	means	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	76	34	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	76	35	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	76	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	76	37	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	76	38	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	76	39	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-316	76	40	the	the	DET
epaa-316	76	41	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	76	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	76	43	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	76	44	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	76	45	enter	enter	VERB
epaa-316	76	46	the	the	DET
epaa-316	76	47	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	76	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	77	1	wise	wise	ADJ
epaa-316	77	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	77	3	1994a	1994a	NUM
epaa-316	77	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	77	5	notes	note	NOUN
epaa-316	77	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	77	7	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	77	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	77	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	77	10	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	77	11	are	be	VERB
epaa-316	77	12	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	77	13	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-316	77	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	77	15	controlling	control	VERB
epaa-316	77	16	entry	entry	NOUN
epaa-316	77	17	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	77	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	77	19	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	77	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	77	21	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	77	22	control	control	NOUN
epaa-316	77	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	77	24	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-316	77	25	control	control	NOUN
epaa-316	77	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	78	1	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	78	2	control	control	NOUN
epaa-316	78	3	allows	allow	VERB
epaa-316	78	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	78	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	78	6	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	78	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	78	8	monitor	monitor	VERB
epaa-316	78	9	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	78	10	becomes	become	VERB
epaa-316	78	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	78	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	78	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	79	1	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	79	2	specifying	specify	VERB
epaa-316	79	3	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	79	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	79	5	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	79	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	79	7	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	79	8	various	various	ADJ
epaa-316	79	9	political	political	ADJ
epaa-316	79	10	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
epaa-316	79	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	79	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	79	13	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	79	14	controls	control	VERB
epaa-316	79	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	79	16	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	79	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	79	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	79	19	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	79	20	enter	enter	VERB
epaa-316	79	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	79	22	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	79	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	80	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	80	2	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	80	3	control	control	NOUN
epaa-316	80	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	80	5	present	present	ADJ
epaa-316	80	6	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	80	7	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	80	8	see	see	VERB
epaa-316	80	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	80	10	input	input	NOUN
epaa-316	80	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	80	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	80	13	design	design	NOUN
epaa-316	80	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	80	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	80	16	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	80	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	80	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	81	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	81	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	81	3	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	81	4	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-316	81	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	81	6	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-316	81	7	control	control	NOUN
epaa-316	81	8	allows	allow	VERB
epaa-316	81	9	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	81	10	demand	demand	NOUN
epaa-316	81	11	to	to	PART
epaa-316	81	12	control	control	VERB
epaa-316	81	13	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	81	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	81	15	placed	place	VERB
epaa-316	81	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	81	17	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	81	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	81	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	81	20	much	much	ADV
epaa-316	81	21	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	81	22	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-316	81	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	81	24	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	81	25	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
epaa-316	81	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	82	1	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	82	2	certificates	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	82	3	to	to	PART
epaa-316	82	4	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	82	5	during	during	ADP
epaa-316	82	6	times	time	NOUN
epaa-316	82	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	82	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	82	9	shortages	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	82	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	82	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	82	12	an	an	DET
epaa-316	82	13	example	example	NOUN
epaa-316	82	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	82	15	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-316	82	16	control	control	NOUN
epaa-316	82	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	83	1	wise	wise	ADJ
epaa-316	83	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	83	3	1994b	1994b	NUM
epaa-316	83	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	83	5	advocates	advocate	VERB
epaa-316	83	6	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	83	7	control	control	NOUN
epaa-316	83	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	83	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	83	10	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	83	11	means	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	83	12	to	to	PART
epaa-316	83	13	allow	allow	VERB
epaa-316	83	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	83	15	promotion	promotion	NOUN
epaa-316	83	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	83	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	83	18	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	83	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	83	20	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-316	83	21	sector	sector	NOUN
epaa-316	83	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	84	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	84	2	believes	believe	VERB
epaa-316	84	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	84	4	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	84	5	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	84	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	84	7	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	84	8	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	84	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	84	10	becomes	become	VERB
epaa-316	84	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	84	12	trade	trade	NOUN
epaa-316	84	13	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-316	84	14	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	84	15	a	a	DET
epaa-316	84	16	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	84	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	85	1	among	among	ADP
epaa-316	85	2	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	85	3	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	85	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	85	5	a	a	DET
epaa-316	85	6	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	85	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	85	8	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	85	9	defined	define	VERB
epaa-316	85	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	85	11	possessing	possess	VERB
epaa-316	85	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	85	13	distinct	distinct	ADJ
epaa-316	85	14	body	body	NOUN
epaa-316	85	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	85	16	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	85	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	85	18	having	have	VERB
epaa-316	85	19	control	control	NOUN
epaa-316	85	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	85	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	85	22	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	85	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	85	24	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-316	85	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	85	26	its	its	PRON
epaa-316	85	27	members	member	NOUN
epaa-316	85	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	85	29	pratte	pratte	PROPN
epaa-316	85	30	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	85	31	rury	rury	PROPN
epaa-316	85	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	85	33	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	85	34	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	85	35	burbules	burbule	NOUN
epaa-316	85	36	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	85	37	densmore	densmore	PROPN
epaa-316	85	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	85	39	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	85	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	85	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	86	1	labaree	labaree	NOUN
epaa-316	86	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	86	3	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	86	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	86	5	describes	describe	VERB
epaa-316	86	6	professionalization	professionalization	NOUN
epaa-316	86	7	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	86	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	86	9	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	86	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	86	11	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-316	86	12	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-316	86	13	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	86	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	86	15	to	to	PART
epaa-316	86	16	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	86	17	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
epaa-316	86	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	86	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	86	20	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	86	21	place	place	NOUN
epaa-316	86	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	87	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	87	2	explains	explain	VERB
epaa-316	87	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	87	4	any	any	DET
epaa-316	87	5	occupational	occupational	ADJ
epaa-316	87	6	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	87	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	87	8	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-316	87	9	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	87	10	establish	establish	VERB
epaa-316	87	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	87	12	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	87	13	has	have	VERB
epaa-316	87	14	mastery	mastery	NOUN
epaa-316	87	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	87	16	a	a	DET
epaa-316	87	17	formal	formal	ADJ
epaa-316	87	18	body	body	NOUN
epaa-316	87	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	87	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	87	21	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	87	22	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	87	23	not	not	PART
epaa-316	87	24	accessible	accessible	ADJ
epaa-316	87	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	87	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	87	27	layperson	layperson	NOUN
epaa-316	87	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	87	29	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	87	30	gives	give	VERB
epaa-316	87	31	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	87	32	special	special	ADJ
epaa-316	87	33	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-316	87	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	87	35	carrying	carry	VERB
epaa-316	87	36	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	87	37	a	a	DET
epaa-316	87	38	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-316	87	39	form	form	NOUN
epaa-316	87	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	87	41	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	87	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	88	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	88	2	return	return	NOUN
epaa-316	88	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	88	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	88	5	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	88	6	asks	ask	VERB
epaa-316	88	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	88	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	88	9	monopoly	monopoly	NOUN
epaa-316	88	10	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	88	11	its	its	PRON
epaa-316	88	12	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	88	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	88	14	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	88	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	88	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	88	17	grounds	ground	NOUN
epaa-316	88	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	88	19	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	88	20	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	88	21	certifiably	certifiably	ADV
epaa-316	88	22	capable	capable	ADJ
epaa-316	88	23	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	88	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	88	25	authorized	authorize	VERB
epaa-316	88	26	to	to	PART
epaa-316	88	27	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	88	28	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	88	29	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	88	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	88	31	to	to	PART
epaa-316	88	32	define	define	VERB
epaa-316	88	33	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-316	88	34	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	88	35	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	88	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	88	37	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	88	38	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	88	39	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	88	40	125	125	NUM
epaa-316	88	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	88	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	89	1	both	both	PRON
epaa-316	89	2	wise	wise	ADJ
epaa-316	89	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	89	4	1994b	1994b	NUM
epaa-316	89	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	89	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	89	7	roth	roth	PROPN
epaa-316	89	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	89	9	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	89	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	89	11	fear	fear	VERB
epaa-316	89	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	89	13	demand	demand	NOUN
epaa-316	89	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	89	15	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	89	16	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	89	17	allowing	allow	VERB
epaa-316	89	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	89	19	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	89	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	89	21	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	89	22	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	89	23	devastating	devastating	ADJ
epaa-316	89	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	89	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	89	26	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	89	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	90	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	90	2	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-316	90	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	90	4	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	90	5	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	90	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	90	7	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-316	90	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	90	9	reduce	reduce	VERB
epaa-316	90	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	90	11	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	90	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	90	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	90	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	90	15	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	90	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	90	17	livable	livable	ADJ
epaa-316	90	18	wage	wage	NOUN
epaa-316	90	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	90	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	90	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	90	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	90	23	change	change	VERB
epaa-316	90	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	90	25	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-316	90	26	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	90	27	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	90	28	spent	spend	VERB
epaa-316	90	29	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	90	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	90	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	90	32	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	90	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	91	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	91	2	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	91	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	91	4	downgrading	downgrade	VERB
epaa-316	91	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	91	6	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-316	91	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	91	8	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	91	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	91	10	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	91	11	prevents	prevent	VERB
epaa-316	91	12	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	91	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	91	14	meeting	meet	VERB
epaa-316	91	15	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	91	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	91	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	91	18	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-316	91	19	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	91	20	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	91	21	an	an	DET
epaa-316	91	22	occupational	occupational	ADJ
epaa-316	91	23	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	91	24	calls	call	VERB
epaa-316	91	25	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-316	91	26	a	a	DET
epaa-316	91	27	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	91	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	92	1	[	[	X
epaa-316	92	2	a	a	X
epaa-316	92	3	]	]	X
epaa-316	92	4	shift	shift	NOUN
epaa-316	92	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	92	6	locus	locus	NOUN
epaa-316	92	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	92	8	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	92	9	[	[	X
epaa-316	92	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	92	11	university	university	NOUN
epaa-316	92	12	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	92	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	92	14	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	92	15	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	92	16	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	92	17	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-316	92	18	moves	move	VERB
epaa-316	92	19	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	92	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	92	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	92	22	direction	direction	NOUN
epaa-316	92	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	92	24	trade	trade	NOUN
epaa-316	92	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	93	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	93	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	93	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	93	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	93	5	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	93	6	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	93	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	93	8	not	not	PART
epaa-316	93	9	characteristic	characteristic	ADJ
epaa-316	93	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	93	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	93	12	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	93	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	94	1	dismissing	dismiss	VERB
epaa-316	94	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	94	3	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	94	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	94	5	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	94	6	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	94	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	94	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	94	9	credential	credential	NOUN
epaa-316	94	10	prior	prior	ADV
epaa-316	94	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	94	12	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	94	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	94	14	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	94	15	uncharacteristic	uncharacteristic	ADJ
epaa-316	94	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	94	17	a	a	DET
epaa-316	94	18	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	94	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	94	20	roth	roth	PROPN
epaa-316	94	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	94	22	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	94	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	94	24	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	94	25	267	267	NUM
epaa-316	94	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	94	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	95	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	95	2	battle	battle	NOUN
epaa-316	95	3	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	95	4	control	control	NOUN
epaa-316	95	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	95	6	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	95	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	95	8	not	not	PART
epaa-316	95	9	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	95	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	96	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	96	2	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	96	3	150	150	NUM
epaa-316	96	4	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	96	5	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	96	6	certifies	certify	VERB
epaa-316	96	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	96	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	96	9	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-316	96	10	that	that	DET
epaa-316	96	11	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	96	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	96	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	96	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	96	15	done	do	VERB
epaa-316	96	16	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	96	17	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	96	18	a	a	DET
epaa-316	96	19	topic	topic	NOUN
epaa-316	96	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	96	21	intense	intense	ADJ
epaa-316	96	22	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-316	96	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	97	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	97	2	all	all	DET
epaa-316	97	3	times	time	NOUN
epaa-316	97	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	97	5	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	97	6	might	might	AUX
epaa-316	97	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	97	8	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-316	97	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	97	10	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	97	11	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-316	97	12	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	97	13	fought	fight	VERB
epaa-316	97	14	to	to	PART
epaa-316	97	15	control	control	VERB
epaa-316	97	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	97	17	process	process	NOUN
epaa-316	97	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	97	19	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	97	20	medicine	medicine	NOUN
epaa-316	97	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	97	22	law	law	NOUN
epaa-316	97	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	97	24	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	97	25	models	model	NOUN
epaa-316	97	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	97	27	angus	angus	ADJ
epaa-316	97	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	97	29	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	97	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	97	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	98	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	98	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	98	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	98	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	98	5	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	98	6	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	98	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	98	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	98	9	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	98	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	98	11	counter	counter	VERB
epaa-316	98	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	98	13	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-316	98	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	98	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	98	16	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	98	17	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-316	98	18	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	98	19	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	98	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	98	21	required	require	VERB
epaa-316	98	22	to	to	PART
epaa-316	98	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	98	24	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	98	25	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	98	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	98	27	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	98	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	98	29	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	98	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	98	31	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	98	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	98	33	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	98	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	98	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	98	36	howey	howey	PROPN
epaa-316	98	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	98	38	zimpher	zimpher	PROPN
epaa-316	98	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	98	40	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	98	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	98	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	98	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	98	44	others	other	NOUN
epaa-316	98	45	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-316	98	46	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	98	47	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	98	48	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	98	49	an	an	DET
epaa-316	98	50	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-316	98	51	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-316	98	52	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	98	53	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-316	98	54	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	98	55	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	98	56	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	98	57	to	to	AUX
epaa-316	98	58	novice	novice	VERB
epaa-316	98	59	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	98	60	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	98	61	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	98	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	99	1	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-316	99	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	99	3	veteran	veteran	NOUN
epaa-316	99	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	99	5	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	99	6	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	99	7	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-316	99	8	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	99	9	mentors	mentor	NOUN
epaa-316	99	10	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-316	99	11	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	99	12	not	not	PART
epaa-316	99	13	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	99	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	99	15	required	require	VERB
epaa-316	99	16	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	99	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	99	18	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	99	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	99	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	99	21	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	99	22	to	to	PART
epaa-316	99	23	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	99	24	novices	novice	NOUN
epaa-316	99	25	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	99	26	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	99	27	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-316	99	28	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	99	29	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	99	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	99	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	99	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	99	33	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	99	34	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	99	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	100	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	100	2	few	few	ADJ
epaa-316	100	3	exceptions	exception	NOUN
epaa-316	100	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	100	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	100	6	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	100	7	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	100	8	not	not	PART
epaa-316	100	9	now	now	ADV
epaa-316	100	10	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	100	11	access	access	NOUN
epaa-316	100	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	100	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	100	14	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-316	100	15	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-316	100	16	needed	need	VERB
epaa-316	100	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	100	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	100	19	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	100	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	100	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	100	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	100	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	100	24	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	100	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	100	26	unlikely	unlikely	ADJ
epaa-316	100	27	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	100	28	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	100	29	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-316	100	30	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	100	31	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	100	32	obtained	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	100	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	101	1	hawley	hawley	PROPN
epaa-316	101	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	101	3	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	101	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	101	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	101	6	articulating	articulate	VERB
epaa-316	101	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	101	8	views	view	NOUN
epaa-316	101	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	101	10	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	101	11	others	other	NOUN
epaa-316	101	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	101	13	claims	claim	VERB
epaa-316	101	14	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	101	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	101	16	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	101	17	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	101	18	a	a	DET
epaa-316	101	19	body	body	NOUN
epaa-316	101	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	101	21	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	101	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	101	23	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	101	24	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	101	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	101	26	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	101	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	101	28	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	101	29	method	method	NOUN
epaa-316	101	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	101	31	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	101	32	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	101	33	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	101	34	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	101	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	101	36	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	101	37	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	101	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	101	39	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	101	40	needs	need	VERB
epaa-316	101	41	to	to	PART
epaa-316	101	42	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	101	43	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-316	101	44	prior	prior	ADV
epaa-316	101	45	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	101	46	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	101	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	102	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	102	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	102	3	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	102	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	102	5	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-316	102	6	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-316	102	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	102	8	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	102	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	102	10	unlikely	unlikely	ADJ
epaa-316	102	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	102	12	someone	someone	PRON
epaa-316	102	13	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	102	14	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	102	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	102	16	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	102	17	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	102	18	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-316	102	19	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	102	20	get	get	VERB
epaa-316	102	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	102	22	front	front	NOUN
epaa-316	102	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	102	24	a	a	DET
epaa-316	102	25	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	102	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	102	27	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	102	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	102	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	102	30	a	a	DET
epaa-316	102	31	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-316	102	32	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	102	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	103	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	103	2	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	103	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	103	4	scholars	scholars	PROPN
epaa-316	103	5	rejects	reject	VERB
epaa-316	103	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	103	7	idea	idea	NOUN
epaa-316	103	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	103	9	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	103	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	103	11	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	103	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	103	13	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-316	103	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	103	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	103	16	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	103	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	104	1	ordinarily	ordinarily	ADV
epaa-316	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	104	3	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	104	4	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	104	5	assure	assure	VERB
epaa-316	104	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	104	7	public	public	NOUN
epaa-316	104	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	104	9	a	a	DET
epaa-316	104	10	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-316	104	11	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	104	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	104	13	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	104	14	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	104	15	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	104	16	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	104	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	104	18	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	104	19	achieved	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	104	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	104	21	thereby	thereby	ADV
epaa-316	104	22	insuring	insure	VERB
epaa-316	104	23	that	that	DET
epaa-316	104	24	unqualified	unqualified	ADJ
epaa-316	104	25	people	people	NOUN
epaa-316	104	26	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	104	27	not	not	PART
epaa-316	104	28	practicing	practice	VERB
epaa-316	104	29	the	the	DET
epaa-316	104	30	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	104	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	105	1	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	105	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	105	3	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	105	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	105	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	105	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	105	7	believes	believe	VERB
epaa-316	105	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	105	9	extant	extant	ADJ
epaa-316	105	10	data	data	NOUN
epaa-316	105	11	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	105	12	that	that	DET
epaa-316	105	13	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-316	105	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	106	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	106	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-316	106	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	106	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	106	5	an	an	DET
epaa-316	106	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	106	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	106	8	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	106	9	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	106	10	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	106	11	she	she	PRON
epaa-316	106	12	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	106	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	106	14	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	106	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	106	16	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	106	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	106	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	106	19	a	a	DET
epaa-316	106	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	106	21	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	106	22	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	106	23	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	106	24	correlated	correlate	VERB
epaa-316	106	25	negatively	negatively	ADV
epaa-316	106	26	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	106	27	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	106	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	106	29	six	six	NUM
epaa-316	106	30	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	106	31	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	106	32	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	106	33	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	106	34	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	106	35	the	the	DET
epaa-316	106	36	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	106	37	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	106	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	106	39	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	106	40	progress	progress	NOUN
epaa-316	106	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	107	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	107	2	correlations	correlation	NOUN
epaa-316	107	3	ran	run	VERB
epaa-316	107	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	107	5	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	107	6	.40	.40	NUM
epaa-316	107	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	107	8	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	107	9	.63	.63	NUM
epaa-316	107	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	108	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-316	108	2	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	108	3	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-316	108	4	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	108	5	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-316	108	6	correlations	correlation	NOUN
epaa-316	108	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	108	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	108	9	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	108	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	108	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	108	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	108	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	108	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	108	15	having	have	VERB
epaa-316	108	16	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-316	108	17	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	108	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	108	19	a	a	DET
epaa-316	108	20	major	major	NOUN
epaa-316	108	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	108	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	108	23	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	108	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	108	25	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	108	26	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	108	27	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	108	28	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	108	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	108	30	again	again	ADV
epaa-316	108	31	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	108	32	six	six	NUM
epaa-316	108	33	naep	naep	ADJ
epaa-316	108	34	data	data	NOUN
epaa-316	108	35	sets	set	NOUN
epaa-316	108	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	109	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	109	2	correlations	correlation	NOUN
epaa-316	109	3	ran	run	VERB
epaa-316	109	4	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	109	5	+	+	PROPN
epaa-316	109	6	.61	.61	NUM
epaa-316	109	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	109	8	+	+	NOUN
epaa-316	109	9	.80	.80	NUM
epaa-316	109	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	110	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-316	110	2	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-316	110	3	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	110	4	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	110	5	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	110	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	110	7	correlations	correlation	NOUN
epaa-316	110	8	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	110	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	110	10	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	110	11	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	110	12	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-316	110	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	110	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	110	15	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-316	110	16	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	110	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	110	18	allowing	allow	VERB
epaa-316	110	19	her	she	PRON
epaa-316	110	20	to	to	PART
epaa-316	110	21	assert	assert	VERB
epaa-316	110	22	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	110	23	confidence	confidence	NOUN
epaa-316	110	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	110	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	110	26	achieve	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	110	27	better	well	ADV
epaa-316	110	28	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	110	29	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	110	30	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	110	31	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	110	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	110	33	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	110	34	instructors	instructor	NOUN
epaa-316	110	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	111	1	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	111	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	111	3	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	111	4	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-316	111	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	111	6	novice	novice	NOUN
epaa-316	111	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	111	8	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	111	9	are	be	VERB
epaa-316	111	10	disputes	dispute	NOUN
epaa-316	111	11	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	111	12	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	111	13	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	111	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	111	15	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-316	111	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	111	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	111	18	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	111	19	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	111	20	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	111	21	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	111	22	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	111	23	conflict	conflict	NOUN
epaa-316	111	24	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	111	25	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	111	26	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	111	27	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-316	111	28	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-316	111	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	111	30	to	to	PART
epaa-316	111	31	know	know	VERB
epaa-316	111	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	111	33	order	order	NOUN
epaa-316	111	34	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-316	111	35	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	111	36	to	to	PART
epaa-316	111	37	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	111	38	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	111	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	112	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
epaa-316	112	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	112	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	112	4	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-316	112	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	112	6	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	112	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	112	8	defining	define	VERB
epaa-316	112	9	these	these	DET
epaa-316	112	10	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	112	11	unambiguously	unambiguously	ADV
epaa-316	112	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	112	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	112	14	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	112	15	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	112	16	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-316	112	17	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-316	112	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	112	19	measuring	measure	VERB
epaa-316	112	20	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-316	112	21	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	112	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	112	23	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	112	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	112	25	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	112	26	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	112	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	112	28	kearns	kearn	NOUN
epaa-316	112	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	112	30	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-316	112	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	112	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	113	2	42	42	NUM
epaa-316	113	3	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	113	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	5	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	6	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-316	113	7	[	[	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	113	9	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	113	10	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	113	12	required	require	VERB
epaa-316	113	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	113	14	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-316	113	15	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	113	16	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	113	17	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	113	18	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	113	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	113	20	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-316	113	21	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	113	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	23	general	general	ADJ
epaa-316	113	24	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	113	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	26	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	113	27	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	113	28	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	113	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	30	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	113	31	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	113	32	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	113	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	35	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-316	113	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	37	robinson	robinson	PROPN
epaa-316	113	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	39	plake	plake	NOUN
epaa-316	113	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	41	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	113	42	knowles	knowles	PROPN
epaa-316	113	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	44	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	113	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	46	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	113	47	44	44	NUM
epaa-316	113	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	113	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	114	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	114	2	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-316	114	3	maintain	maintain	VERB
epaa-316	114	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	114	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	114	6	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-316	114	7	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	114	8	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	114	9	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	114	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	114	11	measure	measure	VERB
epaa-316	114	12	verbal	verbal	ADJ
epaa-316	114	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	114	14	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
epaa-316	114	15	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	114	16	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	114	17	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	114	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	114	19	10th	10th	ADJ
epaa-316	114	20	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	114	21	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	114	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	115	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	115	2	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	115	3	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	115	4	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	115	5	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	115	6	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-316	115	7	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	115	8	so	so	ADV
epaa-316	115	9	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	115	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	115	11	virtually	virtually	ADV
epaa-316	115	12	anyone	anyone	PRON
epaa-316	115	13	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	115	14	succeed	succeed	VERB
epaa-316	115	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	115	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	115	17	olson	olson	NOUN
epaa-316	115	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	115	19	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	115	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	115	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	116	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-316	116	2	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
epaa-316	116	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	116	4	usually	usually	ADV
epaa-316	116	5	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	116	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	116	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	116	8	highest	high	ADJ
epaa-316	116	9	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-316	116	10	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	116	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	116	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	116	13	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-316	116	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	116	15	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-316	116	16	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	116	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	116	18	has	have	VERB
epaa-316	116	19	a	a	DET
epaa-316	116	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	116	21	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-316	116	22	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	116	23	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	116	24	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	116	25	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-316	116	26	passes	pass	VERB
epaa-316	116	27	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	116	28	99	99	NUM
epaa-316	116	29	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	116	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	116	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	116	32	applicants	applicant	NOUN
epaa-316	116	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	116	34	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	116	35	needed	need	VERB
epaa-316	116	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	116	37	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	116	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	116	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	117	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	117	2	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	117	3	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-316	117	4	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	117	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	117	6	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	117	7	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	117	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	117	9	this	this	DET
epaa-316	117	10	kind	kind	NOUN
epaa-316	117	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	118	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	118	2	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	118	3	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	118	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	118	5	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	118	6	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	118	7	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-316	118	8	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	118	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	118	10	crehan	crehan	PROPN
epaa-316	118	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	118	12	hess	hess	PROPN
epaa-316	118	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	118	14	lawrence	lawrence	PROPN
epaa-316	118	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	118	16	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	118	17	sabers	saber	NOUN
epaa-316	118	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	118	19	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	118	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	118	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	119	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	119	2	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-316	119	3	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	119	4	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	119	5	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	119	6	abandoned	abandon	VERB
epaa-316	119	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	119	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	119	9	part	part	NOUN
epaa-316	119	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	119	11	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	119	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	119	13	its	its	PRON
epaa-316	119	14	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	119	15	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-316	119	16	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	119	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	119	18	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	119	19	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	119	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	119	21	adverse	adverse	ADJ
epaa-316	119	22	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-316	119	23	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	119	24	some	some	PRON
epaa-316	119	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	119	26	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	119	27	's	's	PART
epaa-316	119	28	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-316	119	29	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	119	30	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-316	119	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	120	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	120	2	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	120	3	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-316	120	4	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	120	5	nationwide	nationwide	ADV
epaa-316	120	6	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	120	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	120	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	120	9	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-316	120	10	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-316	120	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	120	12	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-316	120	13	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	120	14	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	120	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	120	16	much	much	ADV
epaa-316	120	17	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	120	18	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	120	19	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
epaa-316	120	20	politics	politic	NOUN
epaa-316	120	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	120	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	120	23	need	need	NOUN
epaa-316	120	24	to	to	PART
epaa-316	120	25	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-316	120	26	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	120	27	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	120	28	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	120	29	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	120	30	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	120	31	put	put	VERB
epaa-316	120	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	120	33	place	place	NOUN
epaa-316	120	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	120	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	120	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	120	37	a	a	DET
epaa-316	120	38	lot	lot	NOUN
epaa-316	120	39	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	120	40	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	120	41	genuine	genuine	ADJ
epaa-316	120	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	120	43	systematic	systematic	ADJ
epaa-316	120	44	attempts	attempt	NOUN
epaa-316	120	45	to	to	PART
epaa-316	120	46	upgrade	upgrade	VERB
epaa-316	120	47	the	the	DET
epaa-316	120	48	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	120	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	120	50	the	the	DET
epaa-316	120	51	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	120	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	121	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	121	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	121	3	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	121	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	121	5	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	121	6	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	121	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	121	8	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-316	121	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	121	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	121	11	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	121	12	developers	developer	NOUN
epaa-316	121	13	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	121	14	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	121	15	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	121	16	good	good	ADJ
epaa-316	121	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	121	18	looks	look	VERB
epaa-316	121	19	like	like	ADP
epaa-316	121	20	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	121	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	121	22	some	some	DET
epaa-316	121	23	definition	definition	NOUN
epaa-316	121	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	121	25	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	121	26	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	121	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	122	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	122	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	122	3	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	122	4	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	122	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	122	6	defined	define	VERB
epaa-316	122	7	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	122	8	having	have	VERB
epaa-316	122	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	122	10	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-316	122	11	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	122	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	122	13	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	122	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	122	15	abilities	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	122	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	122	17	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
epaa-316	122	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	122	19	a	a	DET
epaa-316	122	20	good	good	ADJ
epaa-316	122	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	122	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	122	23	a	a	DET
epaa-316	122	24	circular	circular	ADJ
epaa-316	122	25	definition	definition	NOUN
epaa-316	122	26	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-316	122	27	little	little	ADJ
epaa-316	122	28	guidance	guidance	NOUN
epaa-316	122	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
epaa-316	123	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	3	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-316	123	4	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	123	5	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	123	6	change	change	NOUN
epaa-316	123	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	123	8	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	123	9	decade	decade	NOUN
epaa-316	123	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	123	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	123	12	next	next	ADJ
epaa-316	123	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	14	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	123	15	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	123	16	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	123	17	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	123	18	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	123	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	123	20	developer	developer	NOUN
epaa-316	123	21	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	123	22	another	another	PRON
epaa-316	123	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	123	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	123	26	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-316	123	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	123	28	measuring	measure	VERB
epaa-316	123	29	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	123	30	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	123	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	32	the	the	DET
epaa-316	123	33	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	123	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	35	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	123	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	123	38	abilities	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	123	39	a	a	DET
epaa-316	123	40	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	123	41	possesses	possesse	NOUN
epaa-316	123	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	43	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	123	44	not	not	PART
epaa-316	123	45	readily	readily	ADV
epaa-316	123	46	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-316	123	47	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	123	48	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	123	49	person	person	NOUN
epaa-316	123	50	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	123	51	person	person	NOUN
epaa-316	123	52	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	53	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-316	123	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	55	robinson	robinson	PROPN
epaa-316	123	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	57	plake	plake	NOUN
epaa-316	123	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	59	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	123	60	knowles	knowles	PROPN
epaa-316	123	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	62	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	123	63	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	123	64	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	124	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	124	2	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	124	3	research	research	PROPN
epaa-316	124	4	council	council	PROPN
epaa-316	124	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	124	6	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-316	124	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	124	8	robinson	robinson	PROPN
epaa-316	124	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	124	10	plake	plake	NOUN
epaa-316	124	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	124	12	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	124	13	knowles	knowles	PROPN
epaa-316	124	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	124	15	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	124	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	124	17	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-316	124	18	past	past	NOUN
epaa-316	124	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	124	20	present	present	ADJ
epaa-316	124	21	definitions	definition	NOUN
epaa-316	124	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	124	23	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	124	24	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	124	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	124	26	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	124	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	124	28	finding	find	VERB
epaa-316	124	29	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	124	30	past	past	ADJ
epaa-316	124	31	definitions	definition	NOUN
epaa-316	124	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	124	33	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	124	34	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	124	35	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
epaa-316	124	36	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	124	37	'	'	PART
epaa-316	124	38	virtue	virtue	NOUN
epaa-316	124	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	125	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	125	2	its	its	PRON
epaa-316	125	3	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	125	4	modern	modern	ADJ
epaa-316	125	5	form	form	NOUN
epaa-316	125	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	125	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	125	8	still	still	ADV
epaa-316	125	9	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-316	125	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	125	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	125	12	role	role	NOUN
epaa-316	125	13	models	model	NOUN
epaa-316	125	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	125	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	125	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	125	17	representing	represent	VERB
epaa-316	125	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	125	19	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	125	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	125	21	personal	personal	ADJ
epaa-316	125	22	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-316	125	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	125	24	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-316	125	25	to	to	PART
epaa-316	125	26	transmit	transmit	VERB
epaa-316	125	27	worthy	worthy	ADJ
epaa-316	125	28	cultural	cultural	ADJ
epaa-316	125	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	125	30	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	125	31	values	value	NOUN
epaa-316	125	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	126	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	126	2	no	no	DET
epaa-316	126	3	diminishment	diminishment	NOUN
epaa-316	126	4	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	126	5	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	126	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	126	7	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	126	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	126	9	still	still	ADV
epaa-316	126	10	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-316	126	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	126	12	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	126	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	126	14	possess	possess	VERB
epaa-316	126	15	certain	certain	ADJ
epaa-316	126	16	personality	personality	NOUN
epaa-316	126	17	traits	trait	NOUN
epaa-316	126	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	126	19	including	include	VERB
epaa-316	126	20	enthusiasm	enthusiasm	NOUN
epaa-316	126	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	126	22	curiosity	curiosity	NOUN
epaa-316	126	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	126	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	126	25	compassion	compassion	NOUN
epaa-316	126	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	126	27	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	126	28	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	126	29	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	126	30	democratic	democratic	ADJ
epaa-316	126	31	values	value	NOUN
epaa-316	126	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	127	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	127	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	127	3	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	127	4	always	always	ADV
epaa-316	127	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	127	6	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	127	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	127	8	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	127	9	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	127	10	thought	think	VERB
epaa-316	127	11	talented	talented	ADJ
epaa-316	127	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	127	13	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	127	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	127	15	prescribed	prescribed	ADJ
epaa-316	127	16	curricula	curricula	NOUN
epaa-316	127	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	127	18	an	an	DET
epaa-316	127	19	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-316	127	20	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-316	127	21	after	after	ADP
epaa-316	127	22	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	127	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	127	24	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	127	25	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	127	26	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	127	27	invested	invest	VERB
epaa-316	127	28	heavily	heavily	ADV
epaa-316	127	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	127	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	127	31	development	development	NOUN
epaa-316	127	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	127	33	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	127	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	127	35	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-316	127	36	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-316	127	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	1	today	today	NOUN
epaa-316	128	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	3	most	most	ADJ
epaa-316	128	4	definitions	definition	NOUN
epaa-316	128	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	128	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	128	7	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-316	128	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	128	9	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	128	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	128	11	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-316	128	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	128	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	128	15	product	product	NOUN
epaa-316	128	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	128	17	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	128	18	organizations	organization	NOUN
epaa-316	128	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	20	namely	namely	ADV
epaa-316	128	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	128	23	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	128	24	board	board	PROPN
epaa-316	128	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	128	26	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	128	27	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	128	28	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	128	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	30	nbpts	nbpt	NOUN
epaa-316	128	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	128	34	interstate	interstate	ADJ
epaa-316	128	35	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	128	36	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	128	37	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	128	38	support	support	NOUN
epaa-316	128	39	consortium	consortium	PROPN
epaa-316	128	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	41	intasc	intasc	PROPN
epaa-316	128	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	128	44	the	the	DET
epaa-316	128	45	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	128	46	council	council	PROPN
epaa-316	128	47	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	128	48	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-316	128	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	128	50	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	128	51	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	128	52	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	53	ncate	ncate	ADJ
epaa-316	128	54	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	128	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	129	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	129	2	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	129	3	research	research	PROPN
epaa-316	129	4	council	council	PROPN
epaa-316	129	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	129	6	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-316	129	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	129	8	robinson	robinson	PROPN
epaa-316	129	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	129	10	plake	plake	NOUN
epaa-316	129	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	129	12	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	129	13	knowles	knowles	PROPN
epaa-316	129	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	129	15	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	129	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	129	17	notes	note	VERB
epaa-316	129	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	129	19	all	all	DET
epaa-316	129	20	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	129	21	sets	set	NOUN
epaa-316	129	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	129	23	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	129	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	129	25	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	129	26	promoted	promote	VERB
epaa-316	129	27	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	129	28	these	these	DET
epaa-316	129	29	organizations	organization	NOUN
epaa-316	129	30	examine	examine	VERB
epaa-316	129	31	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	129	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	129	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	129	34	light	light	NOUN
epaa-316	129	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	129	36	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	129	37	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	129	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	129	39	a	a	DET
epaa-316	129	40	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-316	129	41	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	129	42	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-316	129	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	130	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	130	2	a	a	DET
epaa-316	130	3	focus	focus	NOUN
epaa-316	130	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	130	5	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	130	6	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-316	130	7	obvious	obvious	ADJ
epaa-316	130	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	130	9	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-316	130	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	130	11	politicians	politician	NOUN
epaa-316	130	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	130	13	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	130	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	130	15	a	a	PRON
epaa-316	130	16	much	much	ADV
epaa-316	130	17	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	130	18	problematic	problematic	ADJ
epaa-316	130	19	an	an	DET
epaa-316	130	20	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	130	21	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	130	22	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	130	23	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	130	24	to	to	PART
epaa-316	130	25	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	130	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	131	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	131	2	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	131	3	organizations	organization	NOUN
epaa-316	131	4	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	131	5	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
epaa-316	131	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	131	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	131	8	'	'	PART
epaa-316	131	9	actions	action	NOUN
epaa-316	131	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	131	11	performances	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	131	12	depend	depend	VERB
epaa-316	131	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	131	14	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	131	15	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	131	16	kinds	kind	NOUN
epaa-316	131	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	131	18	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	131	19	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	131	20	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	131	21	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	131	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	131	23	dispositions	disposition	NOUN
epaa-316	131	24	to	to	PART
epaa-316	131	25	use	use	VERB
epaa-316	131	26	that	that	DET
epaa-316	131	27	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	131	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	132	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	132	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	132	3	recognize	recognize	VERB
epaa-316	132	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	132	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	132	6	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	132	7	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	132	8	work	work	VERB
epaa-316	132	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	132	10	others	other	NOUN
epaa-316	132	11	to	to	PART
epaa-316	132	12	support	support	VERB
epaa-316	132	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	132	14	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	132	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	132	16	success	success	NOUN
epaa-316	132	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	132	18	all	all	DET
epaa-316	132	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	132	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	133	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	133	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	133	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	133	4	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-316	133	5	described	describe	VERB
epaa-316	133	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	133	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	133	8	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	133	9	organizations	organization	NOUN
epaa-316	133	10	relate	relate	VERB
epaa-316	133	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	133	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	133	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	133	14	's	's	PART
epaa-316	133	15	commitment	commitment	NOUN
epaa-316	133	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	133	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	133	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	133	19	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	133	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	133	21	'	'	PART
epaa-316	133	22	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	133	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	133	24	requiring	require	VERB
epaa-316	133	25	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	133	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	133	27	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	133	28	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	133	29	act	act	VERB
epaa-316	133	30	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	133	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	133	32	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-316	133	33	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	133	34	all	all	DET
epaa-316	133	35	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	133	36	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	133	37	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-316	133	38	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	133	39	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	133	40	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	133	41	deep	deep	ADJ
epaa-316	133	42	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	133	43	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	133	44	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	133	45	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	133	46	the	the	DET
epaa-316	133	47	substance	substance	NOUN
epaa-316	133	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	133	49	structure	structure	NOUN
epaa-316	133	50	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	133	51	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	133	52	disciplines	discipline	NOUN
epaa-316	133	53	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	133	54	need	need	VERB
epaa-316	133	55	to	to	PART
epaa-316	133	56	manage	manage	VERB
epaa-316	133	57	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	133	58	monitor	monitor	VERB
epaa-316	133	59	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	133	60	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	133	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	133	62	identify	identify	VERB
epaa-316	133	63	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-316	133	64	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-316	133	65	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	133	66	choose	choose	VERB
epaa-316	133	67	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	133	68	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	133	69	styles	style	NOUN
epaa-316	133	70	to	to	PART
epaa-316	133	71	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-316	133	72	these	these	DET
epaa-316	133	73	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-316	133	74	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	133	75	need	need	VERB
epaa-316	133	76	to	to	PART
epaa-316	133	77	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	133	78	reflective	reflective	ADJ
epaa-316	133	79	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	133	80	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	133	81	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	133	82	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	133	83	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	133	84	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	133	85	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-316	133	86	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	133	87	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	133	88	to	to	PART
epaa-316	133	89	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	133	90	adjustments	adjustment	NOUN
epaa-316	133	91	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	133	92	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	133	93	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	133	94	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	133	95	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	133	96	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	133	97	part	part	NOUN
epaa-316	133	98	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	133	99	a	a	DET
epaa-316	133	100	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-316	133	101	community	community	NOUN
epaa-316	133	102	consisting	consist	VERB
epaa-316	133	103	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	133	104	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	133	105	staff	staff	NOUN
epaa-316	133	106	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	133	107	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-316	133	108	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	133	109	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	133	110	the	the	DET
epaa-316	133	111	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-316	133	112	non	non	ADJ
epaa-316	133	113	-	-	ADJ
epaa-316	133	114	parent	parent	ADJ
epaa-316	133	115	community	community	NOUN
epaa-316	133	116	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	134	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	134	3	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	134	4	research	research	PROPN
epaa-316	134	5	council	council	PROPN
epaa-316	134	6	notes	note	NOUN
epaa-316	134	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	134	9	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	134	10	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-316	134	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	134	12	use	use	NOUN
epaa-316	134	13	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	14	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	15	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
epaa-316	134	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	134	17	wide	wide	ADJ
epaa-316	134	18	range	range	NOUN
epaa-316	134	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	134	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	134	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	22	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	134	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	24	abilities	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	134	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	134	26	dispositions	disposition	NOUN
epaa-316	134	27	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	134	28	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
epaa-316	134	29	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-316	134	30	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-316	134	31	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-316	134	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	134	33	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	134	34	possess	possess	VERB
epaa-316	134	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	134	36	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-316	134	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	134	38	the	the	DET
epaa-316	134	39	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	134	40	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	42	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-316	134	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	44	robinson	robinson	PROPN
epaa-316	134	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	46	plake	plake	NOUN
epaa-316	134	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	48	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	134	49	knowles	knowles	PROPN
epaa-316	134	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	51	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	134	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	53	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	134	54	31	31	NUM
epaa-316	134	55	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	134	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	135	1	given	give	VERB
epaa-316	135	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	135	3	wide	wide	ADJ
epaa-316	135	4	range	range	NOUN
epaa-316	135	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	135	6	lengthy	lengthy	ADJ
epaa-316	135	7	descriptions	description	NOUN
epaa-316	135	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	135	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	135	10	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	135	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	135	12	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	135	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	135	14	abilities	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	135	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	135	16	dispositions	disposition	NOUN
epaa-316	135	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	135	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	135	19	various	various	ADJ
epaa-316	135	20	assessors	assessor	NOUN
epaa-316	135	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	135	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	135	23	'	'	PART
epaa-316	135	24	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-316	135	25	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	135	26	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-316	135	27	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-316	135	28	to	to	PART
epaa-316	135	29	begin	begin	VERB
epaa-316	135	30	to	to	PART
epaa-316	135	31	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	135	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	135	33	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	135	34	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-316	135	35	anomalous	anomalous	ADJ
epaa-316	135	36	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	135	37	arguments	argument	NOUN
epaa-316	135	38	to	to	PART
epaa-316	135	39	drop	drop	VERB
epaa-316	135	40	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	135	41	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	135	42	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	135	43	to	to	PART
epaa-316	135	44	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	135	45	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	135	46	certificates	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	135	47	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	135	48	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	135	49	any	any	DET
epaa-316	135	50	credibility	credibility	NOUN
epaa-316	135	51	at	at	ADV
epaa-316	135	52	all	all	ADV
epaa-316	135	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	136	1	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	136	2	developers	developer	NOUN
epaa-316	136	3	find	find	VERB
epaa-316	136	4	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	136	5	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	136	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	136	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	136	8	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	136	9	extremely	extremely	ADV
epaa-316	136	10	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-316	136	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	136	12	requiring	require	VERB
epaa-316	136	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	136	14	coordination	coordination	NOUN
epaa-316	136	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	136	16	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	136	17	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	136	18	kinds	kind	NOUN
epaa-316	136	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	136	20	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	136	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	136	22	dispositions	disposition	NOUN
epaa-316	136	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	136	24	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	136	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	136	26	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	136	27	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	136	28	not	not	PART
epaa-316	136	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	136	30	observed	observe	VERB
epaa-316	136	31	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-316	136	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	137	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	137	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	137	3	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-316	137	4	to	to	PART
epaa-316	137	5	imagine	imagine	VERB
epaa-316	137	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	137	7	an	an	DET
epaa-316	137	8	occupation	occupation	NOUN
epaa-316	137	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	137	10	these	these	DET
epaa-316	137	11	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	137	12	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	137	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	137	14	effectively	effectively	ADV
epaa-316	137	15	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-316	137	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	137	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	137	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	137	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	137	20	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	137	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	138	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	138	2	very	very	ADV
epaa-316	138	3	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	138	4	occupational	occupational	ADJ
epaa-316	138	5	complexity	complexity	NOUN
epaa-316	138	6	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	138	7	handicaps	handicap	VERB
epaa-316	138	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	138	9	developers	developer	NOUN
epaa-316	138	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	138	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	138	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	138	13	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-316	138	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	138	15	leading	lead	VERB
epaa-316	138	16	sabers	saber	NOUN
epaa-316	138	17	to	to	PART
epaa-316	138	18	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	138	19	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	138	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	138	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	138	22	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	138	23	developers	developer	NOUN
epaa-316	138	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	138	25	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	138	26	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	138	27	n't	not	PART
epaa-316	138	28	done	do	VERB
epaa-316	138	29	a	a	DET
epaa-316	138	30	good	good	ADJ
epaa-316	138	31	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	138	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	138	33	telling	tell	VERB
epaa-316	138	34	the	the	DET
epaa-316	138	35	public	public	NOUN
epaa-316	138	36	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	138	37	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	138	38	ca	can	AUX
epaa-316	138	39	n't	not	PART
epaa-316	138	40	measure	measure	VERB
epaa-316	138	41	everything	everything	PRON
epaa-316	138	42	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	138	43	a	a	DET
epaa-316	138	44	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	138	45	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	138	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	138	47	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	138	48	crehan	crehan	PROPN
epaa-316	138	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	138	50	et	et	PROPN
epaa-316	138	51	al	al	PROPN
epaa-316	138	52	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	138	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	138	54	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	138	55	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	138	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	139	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	139	2	public	public	NOUN
epaa-316	139	3	believes	believe	VERB
epaa-316	139	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	139	5	a	a	DET
epaa-316	139	6	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	139	7	exam	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	139	8	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	139	9	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
epaa-316	139	10	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	139	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	139	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	139	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	139	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	139	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	139	16	essence	essence	NOUN
epaa-316	139	17	guarantee	guarantee	NOUN
epaa-316	139	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	139	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	139	20	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	139	21	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-316	139	22	these	these	DET
epaa-316	139	23	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	139	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	139	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	139	26	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	139	27	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	139	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	140	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	140	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	140	3	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	140	4	not	not	PART
epaa-316	140	5	yet	yet	ADV
epaa-316	140	6	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	140	7	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	140	8	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	140	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	141	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	141	2	present	present	ADJ
epaa-316	141	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	141	4	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	141	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	141	6	fair	fair	ADJ
epaa-316	141	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	141	8	say	say	VERB
epaa-316	141	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	141	10	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	141	11	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-316	141	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	141	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	141	14	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	141	15	not	not	PART
epaa-316	141	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	141	17	assessed	assess	VERB
epaa-316	141	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	141	19	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	141	20	a	a	DET
epaa-316	141	21	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-316	141	22	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-316	141	23	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	141	24	essay	essay	ADJ
epaa-316	141	25	exam	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	141	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	141	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	141	28	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	141	29	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	141	30	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	141	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	141	32	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	141	33	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	141	34	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	141	35	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	141	36	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-316	141	37	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	141	38	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	141	39	prohibitively	prohibitively	ADV
epaa-316	141	40	expensive	expensive	ADJ
epaa-316	141	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	141	42	crehan	crehan	PROPN
epaa-316	141	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	141	44	et	et	PROPN
epaa-316	141	45	al	al	PROPN
epaa-316	141	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	141	47	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	141	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	141	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	142	1	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	142	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	142	3	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	142	4	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-316	142	5	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	142	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	142	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	142	8	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	142	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	143	1	all	all	DET
epaa-316	143	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	143	3	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	143	4	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	143	5	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	143	6	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	143	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	143	8	construct	construct	NOUN
epaa-316	143	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	143	10	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	143	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	143	12	consequential	consequential	ADJ
epaa-316	143	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	143	14	criterion	criterion	NOUN
epaa-316	143	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	143	16	referenced	reference	VERB
epaa-316	143	17	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-316	143	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	143	19	laczko	laczko	NOUN
epaa-316	143	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	143	21	kerr	kerr	NOUN
epaa-316	143	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	143	23	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	143	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	143	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	144	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	144	2	brief	brief	NOUN
epaa-316	144	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	144	4	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	144	5	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	144	6	no	no	DET
epaa-316	144	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	144	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	144	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	144	10	construct	construct	NOUN
epaa-316	144	11	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	144	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	144	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	144	14	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	144	15	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	144	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	144	17	understood	understand	VERB
epaa-316	144	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	145	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	145	2	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-316	145	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	145	4	course	course	NOUN
epaa-316	145	5	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	145	6	varies	vary	VERB
epaa-316	145	7	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	145	8	widely	widely	ADV
epaa-316	145	9	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	145	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	145	11	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	145	12	institutes	institute	NOUN
epaa-316	145	13	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	145	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	145	15	say	say	INTJ
epaa-316	145	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	145	17	law	law	NOUN
epaa-316	145	18	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	145	19	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	145	20	medical	medical	ADJ
epaa-316	145	21	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	145	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	146	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	146	2	invites	invite	VERB
epaa-316	146	3	criticisms	criticism	NOUN
epaa-316	146	4	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	146	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	146	6	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	146	7	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-316	146	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	146	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	146	10	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	146	11	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	146	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	147	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
epaa-316	147	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	147	3	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	147	4	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	147	5	limit	limit	VERB
epaa-316	147	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	147	7	pool	pool	NOUN
epaa-316	147	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	147	9	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-316	147	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	147	11	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	147	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	147	13	race	race	NOUN
epaa-316	147	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	147	15	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
epaa-316	147	16	background	background	NOUN
epaa-316	147	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	147	18	murnane	murnane	NOUN
epaa-316	147	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	147	20	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	147	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	147	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	148	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	148	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	148	3	need	need	NOUN
epaa-316	148	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	148	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	148	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	148	7	color	color	NOUN
epaa-316	148	8	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-316	148	9	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	148	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	148	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	148	12	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-316	148	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	148	14	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	148	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	148	16	color	color	NOUN
epaa-316	148	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	148	18	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	148	19	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	148	20	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	148	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	148	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	148	23	numbers	number	NOUN
epaa-316	148	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	148	25	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-316	148	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	148	27	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-316	148	28	to	to	PART
epaa-316	148	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	148	30	decreasing	decrease	VERB
epaa-316	148	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	148	32	gitomer	gitomer	X
epaa-316	148	33	et	et	PROPN
epaa-316	148	34	al	al	PROPN
epaa-316	148	35	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	148	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	148	37	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	148	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	148	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	149	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	149	2	reason	reason	NOUN
epaa-316	149	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	149	4	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	149	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	149	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	149	7	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	149	8	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	149	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	149	10	insuring	insure	VERB
epaa-316	149	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	149	12	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	149	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	149	14	including	include	VERB
epaa-316	149	15	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	149	16	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-316	149	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	149	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	149	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	150	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	150	2	these	these	DET
epaa-316	150	3	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	150	4	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	150	5	an	an	DET
epaa-316	150	6	adverse	adverse	ADJ
epaa-316	150	7	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-316	150	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	150	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	150	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	150	11	supply	supply	NOUN
epaa-316	150	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	150	13	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	150	14	raises	raise	VERB
epaa-316	150	15	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-316	150	16	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	150	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	150	18	consequential	consequential	ADJ
epaa-316	150	19	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-316	150	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	150	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	150	22	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	150	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	151	1	finally	finally	ADV
epaa-316	151	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	151	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	151	4	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	151	5	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	151	6	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	151	7	not	not	PART
epaa-316	151	8	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-316	151	9	to	to	PART
epaa-316	151	10	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	151	11	criterion	criterion	NOUN
epaa-316	151	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	151	13	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	151	14	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	151	15	predictive	predictive	ADJ
epaa-316	151	16	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-316	151	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	151	18	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-316	151	19	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	151	20	hambleton	hambleton	PROPN
epaa-316	151	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	151	22	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-316	151	23	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	151	24	see	see	VERB
epaa-316	151	25	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	151	26	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-316	151	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	151	28	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	151	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	151	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	152	1	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	152	2	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	152	3	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-316	152	4	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	152	5	not	not	PART
epaa-316	152	6	predict	predict	VERB
epaa-316	152	7	success	success	NOUN
epaa-316	152	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	152	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	152	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	153	1	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-316	153	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	153	3	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	153	4	intent	intent	NOUN
epaa-316	153	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	153	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	153	7	screen	screen	VERB
epaa-316	153	8	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	153	9	certain	certain	ADJ
epaa-316	153	10	applicants	applicant	NOUN
epaa-316	153	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	153	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	153	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	153	14	pool	pool	NOUN
epaa-316	153	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	153	16	sabers	saber	NOUN
epaa-316	153	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	153	18	crehan	crehan	PROPN
epaa-316	153	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	153	20	et	et	PROPN
epaa-316	153	21	al	al	PROPN
epaa-316	153	22	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	153	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	153	24	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	153	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	153	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	1	jaeger	jaeger	NOUN
epaa-316	154	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	3	quoted	quote	VERB
epaa-316	154	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	154	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	154	6	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	154	7	academy	academy	PROPN
epaa-316	154	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	154	9	science	science	PROPN
epaa-316	154	10	/	/	SYM
epaa-316	154	11	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	154	12	research	research	PROPN
epaa-316	154	13	council	council	PROPN
epaa-316	154	14	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	154	15	has	have	VERB
epaa-316	154	16	an	an	DET
epaa-316	154	17	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-316	154	18	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-316	154	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	20	namely	namely	ADV
epaa-316	154	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	154	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	154	25	sorts	sort	NOUN
epaa-316	154	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	154	27	experimental	experimental	ADJ
epaa-316	154	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	154	29	statistical	statistical	ADJ
epaa-316	154	30	controls	control	NOUN
epaa-316	154	31	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-316	154	32	to	to	PART
epaa-316	154	33	produce	produce	VERB
epaa-316	154	34	trustworthy	trustworthy	ADJ
epaa-316	154	35	criterion	criterion	NOUN
epaa-316	154	36	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	37	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	154	38	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	154	39	[	[	X
epaa-316	154	40	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	154	41	]	]	X
epaa-316	154	42	virtually	virtually	ADV
epaa-316	154	43	impossible	impossible	ADJ
epaa-316	154	44	to	to	PART
epaa-316	154	45	obtain	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	154	46	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	47	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	48	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-316	154	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	50	robinson	robinson	PROPN
epaa-316	154	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	52	plake	plake	NOUN
epaa-316	154	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	54	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	154	55	knowles	knowles	PROPN
epaa-316	154	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	57	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	154	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	59	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	154	60	72	72	NUM
epaa-316	154	61	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	154	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	155	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	155	2	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	155	3	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	155	4	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-316	155	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	155	6	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-316	155	7	predictive	predictive	ADJ
epaa-316	155	8	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-316	155	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	155	10	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-316	155	11	to	to	PART
epaa-316	155	12	bolster	bolster	VERB
epaa-316	155	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	155	14	arguments	argument	NOUN
epaa-316	155	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	155	16	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	155	17	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	155	18	support	support	VERB
epaa-316	155	19	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	155	20	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	155	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	156	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	156	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	156	3	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	156	4	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	156	5	not	not	PART
epaa-316	156	6	predict	predict	VERB
epaa-316	156	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	156	8	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	156	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	156	10	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	156	11	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-316	156	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	156	13	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-316	156	14	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	156	15	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	156	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	156	17	required	require	VERB
epaa-316	156	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	156	19	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	156	20	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	157	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	157	2	answer	answer	NOUN
epaa-316	157	3	offered	offer	VERB
epaa-316	157	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	157	5	that	that	DET
epaa-316	157	6	question	question	NOUN
epaa-316	157	7	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	157	8	supporters	supporter	NOUN
epaa-316	157	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	157	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	157	11	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	157	12	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	157	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	157	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	157	15	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-316	157	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	157	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	157	18	ensures	ensure	VERB
epaa-316	157	19	familiarity	familiarity	NOUN
epaa-316	157	20	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	157	21	a	a	DET
epaa-316	157	22	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-316	157	23	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	157	24	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	157	25	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-316	157	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	157	27	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	157	28	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	157	29	beginning	begin	VERB
epaa-316	157	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	157	31	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	157	32	not	not	PART
epaa-316	157	33	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	157	34	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	157	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	158	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	158	2	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-316	158	3	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	158	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	158	5	restated	restate	VERB
epaa-316	158	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	158	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	158	8	version	version	NOUN
epaa-316	158	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	158	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	158	11	simple	simple	ADJ
epaa-316	158	12	question	question	NOUN
epaa-316	158	13	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	158	14	noted	note	VERB
epaa-316	158	15	above	above	ADV
epaa-316	158	16	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	158	17	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	158	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	158	19	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	158	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	158	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	158	22	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	158	23	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	158	24	accompanies	accompany	VERB
epaa-316	158	25	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	158	26	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	158	27	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	158	28	a	a	DET
epaa-316	158	29	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	158	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	158	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	158	32	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	158	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	158	34	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	158	35	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	159	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	159	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	159	3	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	159	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	159	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	159	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	159	7	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	159	8	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	159	9	major	major	ADJ
epaa-316	159	10	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	159	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	159	12	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	159	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	159	14	salient	salient	ADJ
epaa-316	159	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	159	16	understanding	understand	VERB
epaa-316	159	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	159	18	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-316	159	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	159	20	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	159	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	160	1	first	first	ADV
epaa-316	160	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	160	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	160	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	160	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	160	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	160	7	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	160	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	160	9	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	160	10	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-316	160	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	160	12	'	'	PART
epaa-316	160	13	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	160	14	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	160	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	160	16	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-316	160	17	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	160	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	160	19	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	160	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	160	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	160	22	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	160	23	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	160	24	affects	affect	VERB
epaa-316	160	25	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	160	26	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	160	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	161	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	161	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	161	3	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	161	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	161	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	161	6	deals	deal	NOUN
epaa-316	161	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	161	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	161	9	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	161	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	161	11	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	161	12	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-316	161	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	161	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	161	15	'	'	PART
epaa-316	161	16	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	161	17	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	161	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	161	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	161	20	its	its	PRON
epaa-316	161	21	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	161	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	161	23	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	161	24	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	161	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	162	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	162	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	162	3	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-316	162	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	162	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	162	6	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-316	162	7	government	government	NOUN
epaa-316	162	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	162	9	having	have	VERB
epaa-316	162	10	troubles	trouble	NOUN
epaa-316	162	11	deciding	decide	VERB
epaa-316	162	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	162	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	162	14	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-316	162	15	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-316	162	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	162	17	these	these	DET
epaa-316	162	18	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	162	19	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	162	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	162	21	paying	pay	VERB
epaa-316	162	22	lip	lip	NOUN
epaa-316	162	23	service	service	NOUN
epaa-316	162	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	162	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	162	26	latter	latter	ADJ
epaa-316	162	27	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	162	28	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	162	29	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	162	30	endorsing	endorse	VERB
epaa-316	162	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	162	32	former	former	ADJ
epaa-316	162	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	163	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	163	2	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	163	3	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	163	4	post	post	NOUN
epaa-316	163	5	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	163	6	reporter	reporter	NOUN
epaa-316	163	7	jay	jay	PROPN
epaa-316	163	8	mathews	mathews	PROPN
epaa-316	163	9	notes	note	NOUN
epaa-316	163	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	163	11	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	163	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	163	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	163	14	first	first	ADV
epaa-316	163	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	163	16	bush	bush	PROPN
epaa-316	163	17	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-316	163	18	pushes	push	VERB
epaa-316	163	19	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	163	20	an	an	DET
epaa-316	163	21	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	163	22	bill	bill	NOUN
epaa-316	163	23	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	163	24	demands	demand	VERB
epaa-316	163	25	a	a	DET
epaa-316	163	26	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	163	27	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	163	28	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	163	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	163	30	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	163	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	163	32	every	every	DET
epaa-316	163	33	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	163	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	164	1	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	164	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	164	3	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-316	164	4	releases	release	VERB
epaa-316	164	5	a	a	DET
epaa-316	164	6	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	164	7	arguing	argue	VERB
epaa-316	164	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	164	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	164	10	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-316	164	11	's	's	PART
epaa-316	164	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	164	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	164	14	spend	spend	VERB
epaa-316	164	15	too	too	ADV
epaa-316	164	16	much	much	ADJ
epaa-316	164	17	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	164	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	164	19	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	164	20	methodology	methodology	NOUN
epaa-316	164	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	165	1	mathews	mathews	PROPN
epaa-316	165	2	points	point	VERB
epaa-316	165	3	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	165	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	165	5	mixed	mixed	ADJ
epaa-316	165	6	messages	message	NOUN
epaa-316	165	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	165	8	being	be	AUX
epaa-316	165	9	sent	send	VERB
epaa-316	165	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	165	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	165	12	public	public	NOUN
epaa-316	165	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	166	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	166	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	166	3	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-316	166	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	166	5	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	166	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	166	7	n't	not	PART
epaa-316	166	8	very	very	ADV
epaa-316	166	9	mixed	mixed	ADJ
epaa-316	166	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	167	1	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	167	2	secretary	secretary	PROPN
epaa-316	167	3	roderick	roderick	PROPN
epaa-316	167	4	paige	paige	PROPN
epaa-316	167	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	167	6	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	167	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	167	8	department	department	NOUN
epaa-316	167	9	officials	official	NOUN
epaa-316	167	10	claim	claim	VERB
epaa-316	167	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	167	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	167	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	167	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	167	15	need	need	VERB
epaa-316	167	16	to	to	PART
epaa-316	167	17	spend	spend	VERB
epaa-316	167	18	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	167	19	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	167	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	167	21	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	167	22	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	167	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	167	24	spend	spend	VERB
epaa-316	167	25	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	167	26	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	167	27	worrying	worry	VERB
epaa-316	167	28	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	167	29	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	167	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	167	31	understand	understand	VERB
epaa-316	167	32	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	167	33	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	167	34	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	167	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	168	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	168	2	current	current	ADJ
epaa-316	168	3	mantra	mantra	NOUN
epaa-316	168	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	168	5	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-316	168	6	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	168	7	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-316	168	8	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-316	168	9	to	to	PART
epaa-316	168	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	168	11	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	168	12	you	you	PRON
epaa-316	168	13	ca	can	AUX
epaa-316	168	14	n't	not	PART
epaa-316	168	15	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	168	16	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	168	17	you	you	PRON
epaa-316	168	18	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	168	19	n't	not	PART
epaa-316	168	20	know	know	VERB
epaa-316	168	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	168	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	168	23	mathews	mathews	PROPN
epaa-316	168	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	168	25	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	168	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	168	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	169	1	not	not	PART
epaa-316	169	2	mentioned	mention	VERB
epaa-316	169	3	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
epaa-316	169	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	169	5	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	169	6	implied	imply	VERB
epaa-316	169	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	169	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	169	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	169	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	169	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	169	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	169	13	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	169	14	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	169	15	little	little	ADJ
epaa-316	169	16	role	role	NOUN
epaa-316	169	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	169	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	169	19	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	169	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	169	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	169	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	170	1	secretary	secretary	PROPN
epaa-316	170	2	paige	paige	PROPN
epaa-316	170	3	's	's	PART
epaa-316	170	4	comments	comment	NOUN
epaa-316	170	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	170	6	all	all	DET
epaa-316	170	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	170	8	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	170	9	puzzling	puzzling	ADJ
epaa-316	170	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	170	11	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	170	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	170	13	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	170	14	some	some	DET
epaa-316	170	15	one	one	NOUN
epaa-316	170	16	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	170	17	advocates	advocate	VERB
epaa-316	170	18	evidencebased	evidencebased	ADJ
epaa-316	170	19	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	170	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	171	1	his	his	PRON
epaa-316	171	2	own	own	ADJ
epaa-316	171	3	department	department	NOUN
epaa-316	171	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	171	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	171	6	recently	recently	ADV
epaa-316	171	7	requested	request	VERB
epaa-316	171	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	171	9	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	171	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	171	11	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	171	12	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
epaa-316	171	13	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-316	171	14	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	171	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	171	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	171	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	171	18	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	171	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	171	20	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-316	171	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	171	22	floden	floden	PROPN
epaa-316	171	23	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	171	24	ferrini	ferrini	ADV
epaa-316	171	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	171	26	mundy	mundy	NOUN
epaa-316	171	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	171	28	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	171	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	171	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	172	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	172	2	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-316	172	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	172	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	172	5	government	government	NOUN
epaa-316	172	6	commissioned	commission	VERB
epaa-316	172	7	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	172	8	concluded	conclude	VERB
epaa-316	172	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	172	10	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	172	11	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	172	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	172	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	172	14	not	not	PART
epaa-316	172	15	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-316	172	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	172	17	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	172	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	172	19	to	to	PART
epaa-316	172	20	take	take	VERB
epaa-316	172	21	place	place	NOUN
epaa-316	172	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	173	1	[	[	X
epaa-316	173	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	173	3	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	173	4	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-316	173	5	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-316	173	6	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	173	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	173	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	173	9	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	173	10	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	173	11	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	173	12	....	....	PUNCT
epaa-316	173	13	prospective	prospective	ADJ
epaa-316	173	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	173	15	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-316	173	16	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-316	173	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	173	18	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-316	173	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	173	20	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	173	21	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-316	173	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	173	23	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	173	24	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	173	25	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	173	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	173	27	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	173	28	anyone	anyone	PRON
epaa-316	173	29	's	's	PART
epaa-316	173	30	definition	definition	NOUN
epaa-316	173	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	174	1	[	[	X
epaa-316	174	2	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	174	3	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	174	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	174	5	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
epaa-316	174	6	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-316	174	7	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	174	8	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	174	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	174	10	prospective	prospective	ADJ
epaa-316	174	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	174	12	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	174	13	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	174	14	mastered	master	VERB
epaa-316	174	15	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-316	174	16	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	174	17	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	174	18	lack	lack	VERB
epaa-316	174	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	174	20	deeper	deep	ADJ
epaa-316	174	21	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
epaa-316	174	22	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-316	174	23	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-316	174	24	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	174	25	responding	respond	VERB
epaa-316	174	26	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	174	27	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	174	28	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-316	174	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	174	30	extending	extend	VERB
epaa-316	174	31	lessons	lesson	NOUN
epaa-316	174	32	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-316	174	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	174	34	basics	basic	NOUN
epaa-316	174	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	174	36	p.192	p.192	NOUN
epaa-316	174	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	174	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	175	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	175	2	third	third	ADJ
epaa-316	175	3	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	175	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	175	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	175	6	focuses	focus	VERB
epaa-316	175	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	175	8	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	175	9	sub	sub	NOUN
epaa-316	175	10	-	-	NOUN
epaa-316	175	11	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	175	12	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	175	13	both	both	PRON
epaa-316	175	14	deal	deal	VERB
epaa-316	175	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	175	16	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	175	17	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	175	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	175	19	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-316	175	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	175	21	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	175	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	176	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	176	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	176	3	these	these	DET
epaa-316	176	4	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	176	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	176	6	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	176	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	176	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	176	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	176	10	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	176	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	176	12	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-316	176	13	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	176	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	176	15	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	176	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	176	17	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	176	18	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	176	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	176	20	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	176	21	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	176	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	176	23	expertise	expertise	NOUN
epaa-316	176	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	177	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	177	2	this	this	DET
epaa-316	177	3	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	177	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	177	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	177	6	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	177	7	vs.	vs.	X
epaa-316	177	8	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	177	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	177	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	177	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	177	12	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	177	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	177	14	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	177	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	177	16	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	177	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	177	18	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	177	19	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	177	20	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	177	21	an	an	DET
epaa-316	177	22	english	english	ADJ
epaa-316	177	23	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	177	24	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	177	25	assigned	assign	VERB
epaa-316	177	26	to	to	PART
epaa-316	177	27	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	177	28	algebra	algebra	NOUN
epaa-316	177	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	178	1	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	178	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	178	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	178	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	178	5	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	178	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	178	7	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	178	8	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	178	9	viewed	view	VERB
epaa-316	178	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	178	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	178	12	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	178	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	178	14	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-316	178	15	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	178	16	to	to	PART
epaa-316	178	17	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	178	18	so	so	ADV
epaa-316	178	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	179	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	179	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	179	3	sub	sub	NOUN
epaa-316	179	4	-	-	NOUN
epaa-316	179	5	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	179	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	179	7	concerned	concern	VERB
epaa-316	179	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	179	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	179	10	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	179	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	179	12	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
epaa-316	179	13	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	179	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	179	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	179	16	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-316	179	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	179	18	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-316	179	19	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	179	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	179	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	180	1	present	present	ADJ
epaa-316	180	2	government	government	NOUN
epaa-316	180	3	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	180	4	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	180	5	decided	decide	VERB
epaa-316	180	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	180	7	alternate	alternate	ADJ
epaa-316	180	8	means	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	180	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	180	10	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	180	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	180	12	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-316	180	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	180	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	180	15	officials	official	NOUN
epaa-316	180	16	claiming	claim	VERB
epaa-316	180	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	180	18	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	181	1	[	[	X
epaa-316	181	2	t]here	t]here	PRON
epaa-316	181	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	181	4	no	no	DET
epaa-316	181	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	181	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	181	7	lengthy	lengthy	ADJ
epaa-316	181	8	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	181	9	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	181	10	achieve	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	181	11	[	[	PUNCT
epaa-316	181	12	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	181	13	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-316	181	14	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-316	181	15	any	any	ADV
epaa-316	181	16	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	181	17	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	181	18	streamlined	streamlined	ADJ
epaa-316	181	19	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	181	20	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	181	21	quickly	quickly	ADV
epaa-316	181	22	get	get	VERB
epaa-316	181	23	talented	talented	ADJ
epaa-316	181	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	181	25	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	181	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	181	27	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	181	28	....	....	PUNCT
epaa-316	181	29	requiring	require	VERB
epaa-316	181	30	excessive	excessive	ADJ
epaa-316	181	31	numbers	number	NOUN
epaa-316	181	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	181	33	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
epaa-316	181	34	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	181	35	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	181	36	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-316	181	37	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-316	181	38	acts	act	VERB
epaa-316	181	39	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	181	40	an	an	DET
epaa-316	181	41	unnecessary	unnecessary	ADJ
epaa-316	181	42	barrier	barrier	NOUN
epaa-316	181	43	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	181	44	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	181	45	wishing	wish	VERB
epaa-316	181	46	to	to	PART
epaa-316	181	47	pursue	pursue	VERB
epaa-316	181	48	a	a	DET
epaa-316	181	49	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	181	50	career	career	NOUN
epaa-316	181	51	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	181	52	mathews	mathews	PROPN
epaa-316	181	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	181	54	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	181	55	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	181	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	1	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	182	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	182	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	182	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	182	5	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	182	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	7	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-316	182	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	182	9	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	182	10	detail	detail	NOUN
epaa-316	182	11	below	below	ADV
epaa-316	182	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	182	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	182	15	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	182	16	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	182	17	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-316	182	18	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	182	19	to	to	PART
epaa-316	182	20	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-316	182	21	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	182	22	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	182	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	24	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	182	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	26	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	182	27	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	182	28	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	182	29	an	an	DET
epaa-316	182	30	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	182	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	32	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	182	33	not	not	PART
epaa-316	182	34	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-316	182	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	36	factor	factor	NOUN
epaa-316	182	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	182	38	a	a	DET
epaa-316	182	39	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	182	40	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	182	41	's	's	PART
epaa-316	182	42	success	success	NOUN
epaa-316	182	43	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	182	44	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	182	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	182	46	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	182	47	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	182	48	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	182	49	the	the	DET
epaa-316	182	50	upper	upper	ADJ
epaa-316	182	51	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	182	52	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	53	2	2	X
epaa-316	182	54	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	55	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	182	56	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	182	57	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	182	58	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	182	59	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	182	60	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	182	61	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
epaa-316	182	62	outperform	outperform	NOUN
epaa-316	182	63	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	182	64	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	182	65	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	182	66	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	182	67	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	68	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	182	69	3	3	X
epaa-316	182	70	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	71	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	182	72	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-316	182	73	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	182	74	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	182	75	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	182	76	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	182	77	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	182	78	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	182	79	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	182	80	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	182	81	outperform	outperform	VERB
epaa-316	182	82	both	both	DET
epaa-316	182	83	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	182	84	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	182	85	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	182	86	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	182	87	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	88	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	182	89	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	182	90	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	182	91	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	182	92	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
epaa-316	182	93	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	182	94	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	182	95	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	183	2	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	183	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	183	4	these	these	DET
epaa-316	183	5	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	183	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	7	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	183	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	183	10	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-316	183	11	not	not	PART
epaa-316	183	12	unequivocal	unequivocal	ADJ
epaa-316	183	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	183	15	dissenters	dissenter	NOUN
epaa-316	183	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	183	17	all	all	DET
epaa-316	183	18	these	these	DET
epaa-316	183	19	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	183	20	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-316	183	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	22	see	see	VERB
epaa-316	183	23	ballou	ballou	PROPN
epaa-316	183	24	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	183	25	podgursky	podgursky	PROPN
epaa-316	183	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	27	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	183	28	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	29	peck	peck	NOUN
epaa-316	183	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	31	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-316	183	32	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	33	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-316	183	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	35	mckenna	mckenna	PROPN
epaa-316	183	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	37	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	183	38	mckenna	mckenna	PROPN
epaa-316	183	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	40	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	183	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	183	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	184	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	184	2	look	look	VERB
epaa-316	184	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	184	4	these	these	DET
epaa-316	184	5	literatures	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	184	6	next	next	ADV
epaa-316	184	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	185	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	185	2	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	185	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	185	4	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	185	5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	185	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	1	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	186	2	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	186	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	186	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	186	5	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	186	6	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	186	7	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	186	8	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	9	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	186	10	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	186	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	186	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	186	14	major	major	ADJ
epaa-316	186	15	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	16	minor	minor	ADJ
epaa-316	186	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	186	18	a	a	DET
epaa-316	186	19	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	186	20	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	186	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	22	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-316	186	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	24	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	186	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	26	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	186	27	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	186	28	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	186	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	30	hawk	hawk	NOUN
epaa-316	186	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	32	coble	coble	ADJ
epaa-316	186	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	34	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	35	swanson	swanson	PROPN
epaa-316	186	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	37	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-316	186	38	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	39	goldhaber	goldhaber	NOUN
epaa-316	186	40	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	41	brewer	brewer	PROPN
epaa-316	186	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	43	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	186	44	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	45	monk	monk	PROPN
epaa-316	186	46	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	47	king	king	PROPN
epaa-316	186	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	49	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	186	50	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	51	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	52	2	2	X
epaa-316	186	53	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	54	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	186	55	a	a	DET
epaa-316	186	56	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-316	186	57	score	score	NOUN
epaa-316	186	58	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	186	59	a	a	DET
epaa-316	186	60	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	186	61	exam	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	186	62	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-316	186	63	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	186	64	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	186	65	certain	certain	ADJ
epaa-316	186	66	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	186	67	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	186	68	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	186	69	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	186	70	mastered	master	VERB
epaa-316	186	71	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	72	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	186	73	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	186	74	affects	affect	VERB
epaa-316	186	75	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	186	76	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	186	77	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	78	ashton	ashton	PROPN
epaa-316	186	79	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	80	crocker	crocker	PROPN
epaa-316	186	81	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	82	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-316	186	83	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	84	byrne	byrne	VERB
epaa-316	186	85	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	86	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-316	186	87	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	88	strauss	strauss	PROPN
epaa-316	186	89	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	90	sawyer	sawyer	PROPN
epaa-316	186	91	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	92	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-316	186	93	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	94	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-316	186	95	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	96	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	186	97	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	98	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	99	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	100	3	3	X
epaa-316	186	101	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	102	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	186	103	advanced	advanced	ADJ
epaa-316	186	104	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	186	105	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	106	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-316	186	107	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	108	master	master	NOUN
epaa-316	186	109	's	's	PART
epaa-316	186	110	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	186	111	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	112	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	113	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	186	114	development	development	NOUN
epaa-316	186	115	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-316	186	116	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	186	117	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	186	118	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	119	goldhaber	goldhaber	PROPN
epaa-316	186	120	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	121	brewer	brewer	PROPN
epaa-316	186	122	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	123	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	186	124	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	125	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	186	126	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	127	fetler	fetler	NOUN
epaa-316	186	128	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	129	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	186	130	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	131	ehrenberg	ehrenberg	PROPN
epaa-316	186	132	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	186	133	brewer	brewer	PROPN
epaa-316	186	134	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	135	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	186	136	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	186	137	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	187	1	each	each	PRON
epaa-316	187	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	187	3	these	these	DET
epaa-316	187	4	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	187	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	187	6	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	187	7	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	187	8	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	187	9	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-316	187	10	separately	separately	ADV
epaa-316	187	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	188	1	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	188	2	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	188	3	usually	usually	ADV
epaa-316	188	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	188	5	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-316	188	6	not	not	PART
epaa-316	188	7	always	always	ADV
epaa-316	188	8	shown	show	VERB
epaa-316	188	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	188	10	having	have	VERB
epaa-316	188	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	188	12	major	major	ADJ
epaa-316	188	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	188	14	minor	minor	ADJ
epaa-316	188	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	188	16	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	188	17	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	188	18	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	188	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	188	20	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
epaa-316	188	21	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	188	22	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	188	23	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	188	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	188	25	those	those	DET
epaa-316	188	26	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	188	27	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	188	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	1	hawk	hawk	NOUN
epaa-316	189	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	3	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	189	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	189	5	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	189	6	coble	coble	ADJ
epaa-316	189	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	189	9	swanson	swanson	PROPN
epaa-316	189	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	11	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-316	189	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	13	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	189	14	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	189	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	189	16	that	that	DET
epaa-316	189	17	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	189	18	obliquely	obliquely	ADV
epaa-316	189	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	189	21	comparing	compare	VERB
epaa-316	189	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	189	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	24	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	189	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	189	26	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	189	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	189	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	30	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	189	31	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	189	32	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	33	concluding	conclude	VERB
epaa-316	189	34	that	that	DET
epaa-316	189	35	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	189	36	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	189	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	38	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	189	39	general	general	ADJ
epaa-316	189	40	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	189	41	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	189	42	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	189	43	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	189	44	algebra	algebra	NOUN
epaa-316	189	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	46	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	189	47	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-316	189	48	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	189	49	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	189	50	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	189	51	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	189	52	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	189	53	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	189	54	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	189	55	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	189	56	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	189	57	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	189	58	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	59	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	189	60	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	61	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	189	62	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	189	63	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	64	possessing	possess	VERB
epaa-316	189	65	a	a	DET
epaa-316	189	66	major	major	ADJ
epaa-316	189	67	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	189	68	minor	minor	ADJ
epaa-316	189	69	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	70	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	189	71	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	189	72	the	the	DET
epaa-316	189	73	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	189	74	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	189	75	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	189	76	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	189	77	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	189	78	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	189	79	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	189	80	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	189	81	some	some	DET
epaa-316	189	82	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	189	83	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	189	84	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	189	85	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	86	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	189	87	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	88	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	189	89	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	90	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	189	91	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	189	92	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	93	neither	neither	CCONJ
epaa-316	189	94	a	a	DET
epaa-316	189	95	major	major	ADJ
epaa-316	189	96	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	189	97	minor	minor	ADJ
epaa-316	189	98	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	189	99	the	the	DET
epaa-316	189	100	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	189	101	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	189	102	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	190	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	190	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	190	3	hypothesize	hypothesize	VERB
epaa-316	190	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	190	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	190	6	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-316	190	7	success	success	NOUN
epaa-316	190	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	190	9	these	these	DET
epaa-316	190	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	190	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	190	12	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	190	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	190	14	'	'	PART
epaa-316	190	15	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	190	16	to	to	PART
epaa-316	190	17	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	190	18	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	190	19	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-316	190	20	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	190	21	to	to	PART
epaa-316	190	22	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-316	190	23	impart	impart	VERB
epaa-316	190	24	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	190	25	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-316	190	26	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	190	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	190	28	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	190	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	190	30	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	190	31	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	190	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	190	33	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	190	34	out	out	ADJ
epaa-316	190	35	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	190	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	190	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	190	38	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	190	39	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
epaa-316	190	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	191	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	191	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	191	3	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	191	4	to	to	PART
epaa-316	191	5	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	191	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	191	7	these	these	DET
epaa-316	191	8	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	191	9	compare	compare	VERB
epaa-316	191	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	191	11	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	191	12	hold	hold	VERB
epaa-316	191	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	191	14	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-316	191	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	191	16	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	191	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	191	18	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	191	19	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	191	20	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	191	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	191	22	indicating	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	191	23	specialized	specialized	ADJ
epaa-316	191	24	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	191	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	191	26	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	191	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	191	28	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	191	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	191	30	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	191	31	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	191	32	hold	hold	VERB
epaa-316	191	33	a	a	DET
epaa-316	191	34	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-316	191	35	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	191	36	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	191	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	191	38	another	another	DET
epaa-316	191	39	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	191	40	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	191	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	191	42	indicating	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	191	43	a	a	DET
epaa-316	191	44	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-316	191	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	191	46	specialized	specialized	ADJ
epaa-316	191	47	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	191	48	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	191	49	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	191	50	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	191	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	192	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	192	2	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	192	3	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	192	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	192	5	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	192	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	192	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	192	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	192	9	a	a	DET
epaa-316	192	10	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	192	11	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	192	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	192	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	192	14	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	192	15	deficiencies	deficiency	NOUN
epaa-316	192	16	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	192	17	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	192	18	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-316	192	19	among	among	ADP
epaa-316	192	20	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	192	21	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	192	22	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	192	23	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	192	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	192	25	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	192	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	192	27	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	192	28	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	192	29	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	192	30	not	not	PART
epaa-316	192	31	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	192	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	193	1	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	193	2	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	193	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	193	4	goldhaber	goldhaber	NOUN
epaa-316	193	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	193	6	brewer	brewer	NOUN
epaa-316	193	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	193	8	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	193	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	193	10	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-316	193	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	193	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	193	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	193	14	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	193	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	193	16	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	193	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	193	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	193	19	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	193	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	193	21	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-316	193	22	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	193	23	has	have	VERB
epaa-316	193	24	a	a	DET
epaa-316	193	25	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	193	26	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-316	193	27	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	193	28	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	193	29	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	193	30	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	193	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	193	32	those	those	DET
epaa-316	193	33	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	193	34	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	193	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	193	36	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	193	37	206	206	NUM
epaa-316	193	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	193	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	194	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	194	2	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	194	3	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	194	4	go	go	VERB
epaa-316	194	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	194	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	194	7	say	say	VERB
epaa-316	194	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	194	9	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	194	10	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	194	11	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	194	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	194	13	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	194	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	194	15	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	194	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	194	17	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-316	194	18	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	194	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	194	20	not	not	PART
epaa-316	194	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	194	22	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	194	23	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	194	24	leads	lead	VERB
epaa-316	194	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	194	26	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	194	27	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	194	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	195	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	195	2	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-316	195	3	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-316	195	4	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	195	5	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	195	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	195	7	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-316	195	8	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	195	9	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	195	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	195	11	improved	improve	VERB
epaa-316	195	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	195	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	195	14	cessation	cessation	NOUN
epaa-316	195	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	195	16	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	195	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	195	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	195	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	195	20	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	195	21	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	195	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	196	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	196	2	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
epaa-316	196	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	196	4	these	these	DET
epaa-316	196	5	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	196	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	196	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	196	8	humanities	humanity	NOUN
epaa-316	196	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	196	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	196	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	196	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	196	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	196	14	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	196	15	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	196	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	196	17	unknown	unknown	ADJ
epaa-316	196	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	197	1	monk	monk	NOUN
epaa-316	197	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	197	3	king	king	NOUN
epaa-316	197	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	197	5	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	197	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	197	7	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	197	8	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	197	9	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	197	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	197	11	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	197	12	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	197	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	197	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	197	15	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	197	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	198	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	198	2	an	an	DET
epaa-316	198	3	earlier	early	ADJ
epaa-316	198	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	198	5	monk	monk	NOUN
epaa-316	198	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	198	7	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	198	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	198	9	had	have	AUX
epaa-316	198	10	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	198	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	198	12	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	198	13	was	be	VERB
epaa-316	198	14	a	a	DET
epaa-316	198	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	198	16	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-316	198	17	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	198	18	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	198	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	198	20	number	number	NOUN
epaa-316	198	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	198	22	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	198	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	198	24	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	198	25	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-316	198	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	198	27	a	a	DET
epaa-316	198	28	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	198	29	's	's	PART
epaa-316	198	30	background	background	NOUN
epaa-316	198	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	198	32	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
epaa-316	198	33	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	198	34	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-316	198	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	198	36	these	these	DET
epaa-316	198	37	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	198	38	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	198	39	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	198	40	the	the	DET
epaa-316	198	41	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	198	42	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	198	43	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	198	44	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	198	45	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	198	46	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	198	47	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-316	198	48	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	198	49	monk	monk	PROPN
epaa-316	198	50	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	198	51	king	king	PROPN
epaa-316	198	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	198	53	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	198	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	198	55	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	198	56	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	198	57	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	198	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	199	1	continued	continue	VERB
epaa-316	199	2	investigation	investigation	NOUN
epaa-316	199	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	199	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	199	5	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
epaa-316	199	6	revealed	reveal	VERB
epaa-316	199	7	interactions	interaction	NOUN
epaa-316	199	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	199	9	among	among	ADP
epaa-316	199	10	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	199	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	199	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	199	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	199	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	199	15	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	199	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	199	17	pretest	pret	ADJ
epaa-316	199	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	199	19	'	'	PART
epaa-316	199	20	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	199	21	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-316	199	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	199	23	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	199	24	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	199	25	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	199	26	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
epaa-316	199	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	199	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	199	29	mean	mean	ADJ
epaa-316	199	30	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	199	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	199	32	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	199	33	previous	previous	ADJ
epaa-316	199	34	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	199	35	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	199	36	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	199	37	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	199	38	the	the	DET
epaa-316	199	39	high	high	ADV
epaa-316	199	40	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	199	41	pretest	pretest	NOUN
epaa-316	199	42	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	199	43	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	199	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	199	45	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	199	46	56	56	NUM
epaa-316	199	47	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	199	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	200	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	200	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	200	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	200	4	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	200	5	achieving	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	200	6	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	200	7	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	200	8	profit	profit	VERB
epaa-316	200	9	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	200	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	200	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	200	12	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	200	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	200	14	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	200	15	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-316	200	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	200	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	200	18	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	200	19	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	200	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	200	21	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	200	22	might	might	AUX
epaa-316	200	23	better	well	ADV
epaa-316	200	24	achieving	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	200	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	200	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	201	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	201	2	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	201	3	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	201	4	promote	promote	VERB
epaa-316	201	5	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	201	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	201	7	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	201	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	201	9	instructors	instructor	NOUN
epaa-316	201	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	201	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	201	12	poorest	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	201	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	201	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	201	15	lowest	low	ADJ
epaa-316	201	16	achieving	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	201	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	201	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	201	19	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	201	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	201	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	201	22	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	201	23	those	those	DET
epaa-316	201	24	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	201	25	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	201	26	usually	usually	ADV
epaa-316	201	27	realized	realize	VERB
epaa-316	201	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	201	29	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	201	30	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	201	31	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-316	201	32	harmful	harmful	ADJ
epaa-316	201	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	202	1	byrne	byrne	PROPN
epaa-316	202	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	202	3	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-316	202	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	202	5	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-316	202	6	a	a	DET
epaa-316	202	7	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	202	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	202	9	thirty	thirty	NUM
epaa-316	202	10	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	202	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	202	12	relate	relate	VERB
epaa-316	202	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	202	14	'	'	PART
epaa-316	202	15	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	202	16	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	202	17	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	202	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	202	19	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	202	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	202	21	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	202	22	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	202	23	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	202	24	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	202	25	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-316	202	26	taken	take	VERB
epaa-316	202	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	202	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	202	29	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	202	30	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	202	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	203	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	203	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	203	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	203	4	contradictory	contradictory	ADJ
epaa-316	203	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	204	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	204	2	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-316	204	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	204	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	204	5	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	204	6	showed	show	VERB
epaa-316	204	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	204	8	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-316	204	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	204	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	204	11	17	17	NUM
epaa-316	204	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	204	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	204	14	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	204	15	a	a	DET
epaa-316	204	16	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	204	17	number	number	NOUN
epaa-316	204	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	204	19	14	14	NUM
epaa-316	204	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	204	21	showed	show	VERB
epaa-316	204	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	204	23	no	no	DET
epaa-316	204	24	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	204	25	existed	exist	VERB
epaa-316	204	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	205	1	byrne	byrne	PROPN
epaa-316	205	2	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	205	3	not	not	PART
epaa-316	205	4	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	205	5	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	205	6	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	205	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	205	8	tally	tally	ADJ
epaa-316	205	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	205	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	205	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	205	12	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	205	13	included	include	VERB
epaa-316	205	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	205	15	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	205	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	205	17	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
epaa-316	205	18	given	give	VERB
epaa-316	205	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	205	20	capabilities	capability	NOUN
epaa-316	205	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	205	22	meta	meta	ADJ
epaa-316	205	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	205	24	analytic	analytic	ADJ
epaa-316	205	25	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	205	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	206	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	206	2	re	re	NOUN
epaa-316	206	3	-	-	NOUN
epaa-316	206	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	206	5	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	206	6	meta	meta	ADJ
epaa-316	206	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	206	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	206	9	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	206	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	206	11	helpful	helpful	ADJ
epaa-316	206	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	207	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	207	2	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	207	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	207	4	exam	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	207	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	207	6	nte	nte	PROPN
epaa-316	207	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	207	8	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	207	9	once	once	ADV
epaa-316	207	10	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	207	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	207	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	207	13	measure	measure	NOUN
epaa-316	207	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	207	15	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	207	16	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	207	17	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	207	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	207	19	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	207	20	extensively	extensively	ADV
epaa-316	207	21	studied	study	VERB
epaa-316	207	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	208	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	208	2	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	208	3	both	both	DET
epaa-316	208	4	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	208	5	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	208	6	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	208	7	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	208	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	208	9	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	208	10	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	208	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	209	1	quirk	quirk	NOUN
epaa-316	209	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	209	3	witte	witte	NOUN
epaa-316	209	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	209	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	209	6	weinberg	weinberg	PROPN
epaa-316	209	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	209	8	1973	1973	NUM
epaa-316	209	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	209	10	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	209	11	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	209	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	209	13	single	single	ADJ
epaa-316	209	14	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	209	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	209	16	lins	lin	NOUN
epaa-316	209	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	209	18	1946	1946	NUM
epaa-316	209	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	209	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	209	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	209	22	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	209	23	nte	nte	PROPN
epaa-316	209	24	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	209	25	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	209	26	correlated	correlate	VERB
epaa-316	209	27	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-316	209	28	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	209	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	209	30	'	'	PART
epaa-316	209	31	average	average	ADJ
epaa-316	209	32	gain	gain	NOUN
epaa-316	209	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	209	34	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	209	35	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	209	36	pretest	pret	ADJ
epaa-316	209	37	to	to	PART
epaa-316	209	38	posttest	posttest	VERB
epaa-316	209	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	210	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	210	2	this	this	DET
epaa-316	210	3	finding	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	210	4	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	210	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	210	6	reconsidered	reconsider	VERB
epaa-316	210	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	210	8	light	light	NOUN
epaa-316	210	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	210	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	210	11	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	210	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	210	13	strauss	strauss	PROPN
epaa-316	210	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	210	15	sawyer	sawyer	PROPN
epaa-316	210	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	210	17	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-316	210	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	210	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	211	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	211	2	analyzed	analyze	VERB
epaa-316	211	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	211	4	determinants	determinant	NOUN
epaa-316	211	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	211	6	average	average	ADJ
epaa-316	211	7	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	211	8	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	211	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	211	10	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-316	211	11	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	211	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	211	13	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	211	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	211	15	a	a	DET
epaa-316	211	16	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	211	17	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	211	18	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	211	19	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-316	211	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	211	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	211	22	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	211	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	211	24	ceteris	ceteris	NOUN
epaa-316	211	25	paribus	paribus	NOUN
epaa-316	211	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	211	27	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	211	28	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	211	29	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	211	30	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-316	211	31	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	211	32	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	211	33	[	[	X
epaa-316	211	34	nte	nte	PROPN
epaa-316	211	35	]	]	X
epaa-316	211	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	211	37	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	211	38	accompanied	accompany	VERB
epaa-316	211	39	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	211	40	a	a	DET
epaa-316	211	41	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	211	42	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	211	43	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	211	44	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	211	45	decline	decline	NOUN
epaa-316	211	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	211	47	the	the	DET
epaa-316	211	48	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	211	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	211	50	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-316	211	51	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	211	52	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	211	53	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	211	54	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-316	211	55	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	211	56	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	211	57	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	211	58	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	211	59	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	211	60	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	211	61	examinations	examination	NOUN
epaa-316	211	62	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	211	63	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	211	64	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	211	65	41	41	NUM
epaa-316	211	66	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	211	67	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	212	1	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-316	212	2	put	put	VERB
epaa-316	212	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	212	4	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	212	5	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	212	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	212	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	212	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	212	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	212	10	nte	nte	PROPN
epaa-316	212	11	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	212	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	212	13	reflecting	reflect	VERB
epaa-316	212	14	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	212	15	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	212	16	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	212	17	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	212	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	212	19	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	212	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	212	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	212	22	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	212	23	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	212	24	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	212	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	212	26	decreased	decrease	VERB
epaa-316	212	27	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	212	28	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	212	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	212	30	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-316	212	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	213	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	213	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	213	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	213	4	praxis	praxis	NOUN
epaa-316	213	5	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	213	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	213	7	successor	successor	NOUN
epaa-316	213	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	213	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	213	10	nte	nte	PROPN
epaa-316	213	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	213	12	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	213	13	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	213	14	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	213	15	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	213	16	gitomer	gitomer	PROPN
epaa-316	213	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	213	18	latham	latham	PROPN
epaa-316	213	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	213	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	213	21	ziomek	ziomek	PROPN
epaa-316	213	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	213	23	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	213	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	213	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	213	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	213	27	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	213	28	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	213	29	reported	report	VERB
epaa-316	213	30	below	below	ADV
epaa-316	213	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	214	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	214	2	'	'	PART
epaa-316	214	3	advanced	advanced	ADJ
epaa-316	214	4	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	214	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	214	6	another	another	DET
epaa-316	214	7	indicator	indicator	NOUN
epaa-316	214	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	214	9	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	214	10	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	214	11	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	214	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	215	1	goldhaber	goldhaber	NOUN
epaa-316	215	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	215	3	brewer	brewer	NOUN
epaa-316	215	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	215	5	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	215	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	215	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	215	8	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	215	9	part	part	NOUN
epaa-316	215	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	215	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	215	12	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	215	13	reported	report	VERB
epaa-316	215	14	above	above	ADV
epaa-316	215	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	215	16	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	215	17	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	215	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	215	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	215	20	'	'	PART
epaa-316	215	21	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	215	22	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	215	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	215	24	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	215	25	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	215	26	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	215	27	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	215	28	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	215	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	215	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	215	31	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	215	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	215	33	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	215	34	the	the	DET
epaa-316	215	35	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	215	36	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	215	37	obtained	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	215	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	216	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	216	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	216	3	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	216	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	216	5	general	general	ADJ
epaa-316	216	6	production	production	NOUN
epaa-316	216	7	function	function	NOUN
epaa-316	216	8	model	model	NOUN
epaa-316	216	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	216	10	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	216	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	216	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	216	13	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	216	14	master	master	NOUN
epaa-316	216	15	's	's	PART
epaa-316	216	16	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	216	17	appeared	appear	VERB
epaa-316	216	18	to	to	PART
epaa-316	216	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	216	20	no	no	PRON
epaa-316	216	21	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	216	22	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	216	23	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	216	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	216	25	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	216	26	advanced	advanced	ADJ
epaa-316	216	27	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	216	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	217	1	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	217	2	varied	varied	ADJ
epaa-316	217	3	depending	depend	VERB
epaa-316	217	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	217	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	217	6	statistical	statistical	ADJ
epaa-316	217	7	models	model	NOUN
epaa-316	217	8	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	217	9	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	217	10	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	217	11	to	to	PART
epaa-316	217	12	analyze	analyze	VERB
epaa-316	217	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	217	14	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	217	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	218	1	goldhaber	goldhaber	NOUN
epaa-316	218	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	218	3	brewer	brewer	NOUN
epaa-316	218	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	218	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	218	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	218	7	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	218	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	218	9	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	218	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	218	11	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	218	12	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	218	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	218	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	218	15	bachelors	bachelor	NOUN
epaa-316	218	16	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	218	17	masters	master	NOUN
epaa-316	218	18	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	218	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	218	20	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	218	21	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	218	22	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	218	23	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	218	24	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	218	25	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	218	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	218	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	218	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	218	29	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	218	30	these	these	DET
epaa-316	218	31	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	218	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	219	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	219	2	report	report	VERB
epaa-316	219	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	219	4	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	219	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	219	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	219	7	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	219	8	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	219	9	no	no	DET
epaa-316	219	10	comparable	comparable	ADJ
epaa-316	219	11	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-316	219	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	219	13	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	219	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	219	15	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	219	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	220	1	fetler	fetler	NOUN
epaa-316	220	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	220	3	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	220	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	220	5	confirms	confirm	VERB
epaa-316	220	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	220	7	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	220	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	220	9	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	220	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	220	11	noting	note	VERB
epaa-316	220	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	220	13	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	220	14	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	220	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	220	16	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	220	17	experienced	experienced	ADJ
epaa-316	220	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	220	19	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	220	20	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	220	21	educated	educate	VERB
epaa-316	220	22	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	220	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	220	24	tend	tend	VERB
epaa-316	220	25	to	to	PART
epaa-316	220	26	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	220	27	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	220	28	achieving	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	220	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	220	30	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	220	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	220	32	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	220	33	13	13	NUM
epaa-316	220	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	220	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	221	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	221	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	221	3	course	course	NOUN
epaa-316	221	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	221	5	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	221	6	achieving	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	221	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	221	8	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	221	9	access	access	NOUN
epaa-316	221	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	221	11	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	221	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	221	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	221	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	221	15	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	221	16	these	these	DET
epaa-316	221	17	kinds	kind	NOUN
epaa-316	221	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	221	19	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	221	20	require	require	VERB
epaa-316	221	21	caution	caution	NOUN
epaa-316	221	22	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	221	23	interpreting	interpret	VERB
epaa-316	221	24	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	221	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	222	1	ehrenberg	ehrenberg	NOUN
epaa-316	222	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	222	3	brewer	brewer	NOUN
epaa-316	222	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	222	5	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	222	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	222	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	222	8	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	222	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	222	10	report	report	VERB
epaa-316	222	11	unambiguously	unambiguously	ADV
epaa-316	222	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	222	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	222	14	'	'	PART
epaa-316	222	15	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	222	16	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	222	17	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	222	18	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	222	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	223	1	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	223	2	the	the	PRON
epaa-316	223	3	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-316	223	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	223	5	percentage	percentage	NOUN
epaa-316	223	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	223	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	223	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	223	9	at	at	ADV
epaa-316	223	10	least	least	ADV
epaa-316	223	11	a	a	PRON
epaa-316	223	12	masters	master	NOUN
epaa-316	223	13	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	223	14	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-316	223	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	223	16	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	223	17	black	black	ADJ
epaa-316	223	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	223	19	'	'	PART
epaa-316	223	20	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	223	21	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	223	22	[	[	PUNCT
epaa-316	223	23	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	223	24	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-316	223	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	223	26	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	223	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	223	28	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	223	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	223	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	223	31	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
epaa-316	223	32	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	223	33	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	223	34	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-316	223	35	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	223	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	223	37	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	223	38	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	223	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	223	40	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-316	223	41	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	223	42	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-316	223	43	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	223	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	223	45	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	223	46	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	223	47	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	223	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	224	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	224	3	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	224	4	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-316	224	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	224	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	224	8	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-316	224	9	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	224	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	11	rivkin	rivkin	NOUN
epaa-316	224	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	13	hanushek	hanushek	NOUN
epaa-316	224	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	224	16	kain	kain	NOUN
epaa-316	224	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	18	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	224	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	21	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	224	22	just	just	ADV
epaa-316	224	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	224	24	opposite	opposite	ADJ
epaa-316	224	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	26	namely	namely	ADV
epaa-316	224	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	28	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	224	29	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	224	30	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	31	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	224	32	no	no	DET
epaa-316	224	33	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	224	34	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	224	35	a	a	DET
epaa-316	224	36	masters	master	NOUN
epaa-316	224	37	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	224	38	raises	raise	VERB
epaa-316	224	39	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	224	40	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	224	41	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	43	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	224	44	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	224	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	224	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	225	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	225	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	225	3	these	these	DET
epaa-316	225	4	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	225	5	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	225	6	report	report	VERB
epaa-316	225	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	225	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	225	9	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	225	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	225	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	225	12	very	very	ADV
epaa-316	225	13	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	225	14	determinant	determinant	ADJ
epaa-316	225	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	225	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	225	17	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	225	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	225	19	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	225	20	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	225	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	225	22	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	225	23	30	30	NUM
epaa-316	225	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	225	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	226	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	226	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	226	3	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	226	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	226	5	this	this	DET
epaa-316	226	6	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	226	7	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-316	226	8	contradictory	contradictory	ADJ
epaa-316	226	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	227	1	kain	kain	NOUN
epaa-316	227	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	227	3	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	227	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	227	5	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	227	6	studied	study	VERB
epaa-316	227	7	this	this	DET
epaa-316	227	8	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	227	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	228	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	228	2	reports	report	VERB
epaa-316	228	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	228	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	228	5	his	his	PRON
epaa-316	228	6	earlier	early	ADJ
epaa-316	228	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	228	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	228	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	228	10	accounted	account	VERB
epaa-316	228	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	228	12	at	at	ADV
epaa-316	228	13	least	least	ADV
epaa-316	228	14	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	228	15	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	228	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	228	17	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	228	18	variation	variation	NOUN
epaa-316	228	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	228	20	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	228	21	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	228	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	228	23	indicating	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	228	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	228	25	a	a	DET
epaa-316	228	26	set	set	NOUN
epaa-316	228	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	228	28	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	228	29	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	228	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	228	31	including	include	VERB
epaa-316	228	32	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	228	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	228	34	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	228	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	228	36	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-316	228	37	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	228	38	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	228	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	229	1	to	to	PART
epaa-316	229	2	analyze	analyze	VERB
epaa-316	229	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	229	4	affect	affect	NOUN
epaa-316	229	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	229	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	229	7	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	229	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	229	9	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	229	10	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	229	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	229	12	goldhaber	goldhaber	NOUN
epaa-316	229	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	229	14	brewer	brewer	NOUN
epaa-316	229	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	229	16	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	229	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	229	18	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	229	19	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	229	20	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	229	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	229	22	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	229	23	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	229	24	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
epaa-316	229	25	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	229	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	229	27	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	229	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	229	29	nels	nel	NOUN
epaa-316	229	30	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	229	31	88	88	NUM
epaa-316	229	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	229	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	229	34	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	229	35	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	229	36	information	information	NOUN
epaa-316	229	37	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	229	38	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	229	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	229	40	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	229	41	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	229	42	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	229	43	10th	10th	ADJ
epaa-316	229	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	229	45	12th	12th	ADJ
epaa-316	229	46	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	229	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	230	1	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	230	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	230	3	surveyed	survey	VERB
epaa-316	230	4	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	230	5	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	230	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	230	7	tested	test	VERB
epaa-316	230	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	230	9	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	230	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	230	11	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	230	12	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	230	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	230	14	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	230	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	230	16	english	english	PROPN
epaa-316	230	17	/	/	SYM
epaa-316	230	18	writing	writing	NOUN
epaa-316	230	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	230	20	history	history	NOUN
epaa-316	230	21	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	230	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	231	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	231	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	231	3	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	231	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	231	5	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	231	6	having	have	VERB
epaa-316	231	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	231	8	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	231	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	231	10	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	231	11	has	have	VERB
epaa-316	231	12	no	no	DET
epaa-316	231	13	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-316	231	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	231	15	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	231	16	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	231	17	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	231	18	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	231	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	231	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	231	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	231	22	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	231	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	231	24	having	have	VERB
epaa-316	231	25	a	a	DET
epaa-316	231	26	ba	ba	NOUN
epaa-316	231	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	231	28	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	231	29	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-316	231	30	has	have	VERB
epaa-316	231	31	a	a	DET
epaa-316	231	32	statistically	statistically	ADV
epaa-316	231	33	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	231	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	231	35	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	231	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	231	37	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	231	38	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	231	39	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	231	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	231	41	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-316	231	42	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-316	231	43	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	231	44	mathematics	mathematics	NOUN
epaa-316	231	45	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	231	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	231	47	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	231	48	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	231	49	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	231	50	pp	pp	PROPN
epaa-316	231	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	232	1	138	138	NUM
epaa-316	232	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	232	3	139	139	NUM
epaa-316	232	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	232	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	233	1	goldhaber	goldhaber	NOUN
epaa-316	233	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	233	3	brewer	brewer	NOUN
epaa-316	233	4	's	's	PART
epaa-316	233	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	233	6	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-316	233	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	233	8	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-316	233	9	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	233	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	234	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	234	2	complexity	complexity	NOUN
epaa-316	234	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	234	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	234	5	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	234	6	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	234	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	234	8	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-316	234	9	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	234	10	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-316	234	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	234	12	undoubtedly	undoubtedly	ADV
epaa-316	234	13	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-316	234	14	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	234	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	234	16	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	234	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	234	18	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-316	234	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	234	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	234	21	so	so	ADV
epaa-316	234	22	advanced	advanced	ADJ
epaa-316	234	23	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	234	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	234	25	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	234	26	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	234	27	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	234	28	required	require	VERB
epaa-316	234	29	to	to	PART
epaa-316	234	30	effectively	effectively	ADV
epaa-316	234	31	transmit	transmit	VERB
epaa-316	234	32	that	that	DET
epaa-316	234	33	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	234	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	235	1	that	that	DET
epaa-316	235	2	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	235	3	depth	depth	NOUN
epaa-316	235	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	235	5	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	235	6	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	235	7	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	235	8	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	235	9	not	not	PART
epaa-316	235	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	235	11	required	require	VERB
epaa-316	235	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	235	13	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-316	235	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	235	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	236	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	236	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	236	3	some	some	DET
epaa-316	236	4	support	support	NOUN
epaa-316	236	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	236	6	this	this	DET
epaa-316	236	7	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
epaa-316	236	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	236	9	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-316	236	10	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	236	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	236	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	236	13	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	236	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	236	15	advanced	advanced	ADJ
epaa-316	236	16	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	236	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	236	18	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	236	19	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	236	20	majors	major	NOUN
epaa-316	236	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	236	22	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	236	23	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	236	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	236	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	236	26	scanty	scanty	ADJ
epaa-316	236	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	237	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	237	2	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	237	3	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	237	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	237	5	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	237	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	237	7	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	237	8	published	publish	VERB
epaa-316	237	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	237	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	237	11	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	237	12	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	237	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	237	14	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	237	15	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	237	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	237	17	nces	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	237	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	237	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	237	20	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	237	21	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-316	237	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	237	23	hawkins	hawkin	NOUN
epaa-316	237	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	237	25	stancavage	stancavage	NOUN
epaa-316	237	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	237	27	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	237	28	dorsey	dorsey	PROPN
epaa-316	237	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	237	30	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	237	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	237	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	238	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	238	2	results	result	VERB
epaa-316	238	3	concerned	concerned	ADJ
epaa-316	238	4	fourth	fourth	ADJ
epaa-316	238	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	238	6	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	238	7	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	238	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	238	9	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	238	10	took	take	VERB
epaa-316	238	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	238	12	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	238	13	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	238	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	238	15	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	238	16	progress	progress	NOUN
epaa-316	238	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	238	18	naep	naep	ADJ
epaa-316	238	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	238	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	239	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	239	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	239	3	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	239	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	239	5	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	239	6	fourth	fourth	ADJ
epaa-316	239	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	239	8	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	239	9	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	239	10	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	239	11	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	239	12	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	239	13	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	239	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	239	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	239	16	an	an	DET
epaa-316	239	17	undergraduate	undergraduate	NOUN
epaa-316	239	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	239	19	graduate	graduate	ADJ
epaa-316	239	20	minor	minor	ADJ
epaa-316	239	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	239	22	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	239	23	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	239	24	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	239	25	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	239	26	did	do	AUX
epaa-316	239	27	not	not	PART
epaa-316	239	28	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-316	239	29	better	well	ADV
epaa-316	239	30	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	239	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	239	32	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	239	33	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	239	34	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	239	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	239	36	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	239	37	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	239	38	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	239	39	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	239	40	whose	whose	DET
epaa-316	239	41	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	239	42	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	239	43	an	an	DET
epaa-316	239	44	undergraduate	undergraduate	NOUN
epaa-316	239	45	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	239	46	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-316	239	47	major	major	ADJ
epaa-316	239	48	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	239	49	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	239	50	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	239	51	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	239	52	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	239	53	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	239	54	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	239	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	240	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	240	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	240	3	nces	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	240	4	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	240	5	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	240	6	states	state	VERB
epaa-316	240	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	240	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	240	9	unlike	unlike	ADP
epaa-316	240	10	fourthgrade	fourthgrade	NOUN
epaa-316	240	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	240	12	eighth	eighth	ADJ
epaa-316	240	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	240	14	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	240	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	240	16	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	240	17	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	240	18	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	240	19	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	240	20	a	a	DET
epaa-316	240	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	240	22	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	240	23	a	a	DET
epaa-316	240	24	major	major	NOUN
epaa-316	240	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	240	26	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	240	27	outperformed	outperform	VERB
epaa-316	240	28	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	240	29	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	240	30	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	240	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	240	32	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	240	33	majors	major	NOUN
epaa-316	240	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	240	35	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	240	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	241	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	241	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	241	3	to	to	PART
epaa-316	241	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	241	5	drawn	draw	VERB
epaa-316	241	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	241	7	these	these	DET
epaa-316	241	8	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	241	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	241	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	241	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	241	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	241	13	's	's	PART
epaa-316	241	14	depth	depth	NOUN
epaa-316	241	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	241	16	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	241	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	241	18	a	a	DET
epaa-316	241	19	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	241	20	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	241	21	influences	influence	VERB
epaa-316	241	22	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	241	23	'	'	PART
epaa-316	241	24	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	241	25	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	241	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	241	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	241	28	upper	upper	ADJ
epaa-316	241	29	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	241	30	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	241	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	241	32	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	241	33	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	241	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	242	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	242	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	242	3	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-316	242	4	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	242	5	might	might	AUX
epaa-316	242	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	242	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	242	8	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	242	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	242	10	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	242	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	242	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	242	13	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	242	14	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	242	15	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	242	16	becomes	become	VERB
epaa-316	242	17	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	242	18	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-316	242	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	242	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	242	21	need	need	VERB
epaa-316	242	22	a	a	DET
epaa-316	242	23	much	much	ADV
epaa-316	242	24	deeper	deep	ADJ
epaa-316	242	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	242	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	242	27	that	that	DET
epaa-316	242	28	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	242	29	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	242	30	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	242	31	to	to	PART
epaa-316	242	32	help	help	VERB
epaa-316	242	33	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	242	34	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	242	35	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-316	242	36	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	242	37	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	242	38	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-316	242	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	243	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	243	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	243	3	not	not	PART
epaa-316	243	4	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	243	5	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	243	6	per	per	ADP
epaa-316	243	7	se	se	X
epaa-316	243	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	243	9	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	243	10	think	think	VERB
epaa-316	243	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	243	12	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	243	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	243	14	complexity	complexity	NOUN
epaa-316	243	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	243	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	243	17	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-316	243	18	to	to	PART
epaa-316	243	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	243	20	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	243	21	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	243	22	requires	require	VERB
epaa-316	243	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	243	24	specialized	specialized	ADJ
epaa-316	243	25	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	243	26	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	243	27	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	243	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	243	29	a	a	DET
epaa-316	243	30	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	243	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	244	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	244	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	244	3	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-316	244	4	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	244	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	244	6	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	244	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	244	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	244	9	an	an	DET
epaa-316	244	10	individual	individual	NOUN
epaa-316	244	11	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	244	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	244	13	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	244	14	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	244	15	major	major	ADJ
epaa-316	244	16	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	244	17	an	an	DET
epaa-316	244	18	elite	elite	ADJ
epaa-316	244	19	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	244	20	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	244	21	elects	elect	VERB
epaa-316	244	22	to	to	PART
epaa-316	244	23	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	244	24	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-316	244	25	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	244	26	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	244	27	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	244	28	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	244	29	bringing	bring	VERB
epaa-316	244	30	great	great	ADJ
epaa-316	244	31	strength	strength	NOUN
epaa-316	244	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	244	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	244	34	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	244	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	244	36	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	244	37	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	244	38	questioned	question	VERB
epaa-316	244	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	245	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	245	2	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-316	245	3	probable	probable	ADJ
epaa-316	245	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	245	5	after	after	SCONJ
epaa-316	245	6	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-316	245	7	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	245	8	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	245	9	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	245	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	245	11	mastered	master	VERB
epaa-316	245	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	245	13	after	after	SCONJ
epaa-316	245	14	some	some	DET
epaa-316	245	15	threshold	threshold	NOUN
epaa-316	245	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	245	17	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	245	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	245	19	a	a	DET
epaa-316	245	20	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	245	21	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	245	22	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-316	245	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	245	24	crossed	cross	VERB
epaa-316	245	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	245	26	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	245	27	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	245	28	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	245	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	245	30	most	most	ADJ
epaa-316	245	31	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	245	32	majors	major	NOUN
epaa-316	245	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	245	34	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	245	35	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	245	36	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	245	37	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	245	38	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	245	39	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	245	40	the	the	DET
epaa-316	245	41	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-316	245	42	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	245	43	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	245	44	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	245	45	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	245	46	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	245	47	success	success	NOUN
epaa-316	245	48	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	245	49	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	245	50	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	245	51	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	245	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	246	1	support	support	NOUN
epaa-316	246	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	246	3	this	this	DET
epaa-316	246	4	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
epaa-316	246	5	comes	come	VERB
epaa-316	246	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	246	7	rowan	rowan	PROPN
epaa-316	246	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	246	9	correnti	correnti	X
epaa-316	246	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	246	11	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-316	246	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	246	13	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	246	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	246	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	246	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	246	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	246	18	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	246	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	246	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	246	21	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	246	22	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	246	23	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	246	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	246	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	246	26	early	early	ADJ
epaa-316	246	27	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	246	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	247	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	247	2	look	look	VERB
epaa-316	247	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	247	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	247	5	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	247	6	next	next	ADV
epaa-316	247	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	248	1	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	248	2	knowledge	knowledge	PROPN
epaa-316	248	3	/	/	SYM
epaa-316	248	4	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	248	5	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	248	6	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	248	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	248	8	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	248	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	248	10	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	248	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	248	12	examines	examine	VERB
epaa-316	248	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	248	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	248	15	'	'	PART
epaa-316	248	16	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	248	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	248	18	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	248	19	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	248	20	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-316	248	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	248	22	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	248	23	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	248	24	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	248	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	248	26	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	248	27	extensive	extensive	ADJ
epaa-316	248	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	248	29	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	248	30	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	248	31	contradictory	contradictory	ADJ
epaa-316	248	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	249	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	249	2	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-316	249	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	249	4	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	249	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	249	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	249	7	some	some	DET
epaa-316	249	8	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
epaa-316	249	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	249	10	this	this	DET
epaa-316	249	11	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	249	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	249	13	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-316	249	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	249	15	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-316	249	16	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	249	17	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	249	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	249	19	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	249	20	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	249	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	249	22	this	this	DET
epaa-316	249	23	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	249	24	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	249	25	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-316	249	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	249	27	badly	badly	ADV
epaa-316	249	28	needed	need	VERB
epaa-316	249	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	250	1	ferguson	ferguson	PROPN
epaa-316	250	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	250	3	womack	womack	PROPN
epaa-316	250	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	250	5	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	250	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	250	7	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	250	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	250	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	250	10	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-316	250	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	250	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	250	13	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-316	250	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	250	15	completed	complete	VERB
epaa-316	250	16	explained	explain	VERB
epaa-316	250	17	about	about	ADV
epaa-316	250	18	16	16	NUM
epaa-316	250	19	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	250	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	250	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	250	22	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-316	250	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	250	24	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	250	25	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	250	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	250	27	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	250	28	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	250	29	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	250	30	supervisor	supervisor	NOUN
epaa-316	250	31	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	250	32	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	250	33	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	250	34	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	250	35	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	250	36	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-316	250	37	accounted	account	VERB
epaa-316	250	38	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	250	39	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	250	40	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	250	41	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	250	42	'	'	PART
epaa-316	250	43	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	250	44	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	250	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	250	46	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	250	47	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	250	48	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	250	49	nte	nte	PROPN
epaa-316	250	50	specialty	specialty	PROPN
epaa-316	250	51	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	250	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	251	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	251	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	251	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	251	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	251	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	251	6	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-316	251	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	251	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	251	9	strong	strong	ADJ
epaa-316	251	10	predictor	predictor	NOUN
epaa-316	251	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	251	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	251	13	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	251	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	251	15	over	over	ADV
epaa-316	251	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	251	17	above	above	ADP
epaa-316	251	18	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	251	19	point	point	NOUN
epaa-316	251	20	average	average	NOUN
epaa-316	251	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	251	22	a	a	DET
epaa-316	251	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	251	24	'	'	PART
epaa-316	251	25	major	major	NOUN
epaa-316	251	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	251	27	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	251	28	nte	nte	PROPN
epaa-316	251	29	specialty	specialty	NOUN
epaa-316	251	30	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	251	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	252	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	252	2	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	252	3	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	252	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	252	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	252	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	252	7	this	this	DET
epaa-316	252	8	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	252	9	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	252	10	ashton	ashton	PROPN
epaa-316	252	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	252	12	crocker	crocker	PROPN
epaa-316	252	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	252	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	252	15	olejnik	olejnik	X
epaa-316	252	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	252	17	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-316	252	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	252	19	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	252	20	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	252	21	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	252	22	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-316	252	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	252	24	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	252	25	a	a	DET
epaa-316	252	26	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	252	27	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	252	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	252	29	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	252	30	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	252	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	253	1	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	253	2	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-316	253	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	253	4	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	253	5	wenglinsky	wenglinsky	ADJ
epaa-316	253	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	253	7	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	253	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	253	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	253	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	253	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	253	12	link	link	NOUN
epaa-316	253	13	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	253	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	253	15	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	253	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	253	17	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	253	18	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	253	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	253	20	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	253	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	253	22	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-316	253	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	253	24	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	253	25	inputs	input	NOUN
epaa-316	253	26	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	253	27	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-316	253	28	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	253	29	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	253	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	254	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	254	2	notes	note	VERB
epaa-316	254	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	254	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	254	5	greatest	great	ADJ
epaa-316	254	6	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-316	254	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	254	8	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	254	9	's	's	PART
epaa-316	254	10	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	254	11	comes	come	VERB
epaa-316	254	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	254	13	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	254	14	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	254	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	254	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	254	17	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	254	18	development	development	NOUN
epaa-316	254	19	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	254	20	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	254	21	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	254	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	255	1	wenglinsky	wenglinsky	PROPN
epaa-316	255	2	's	's	PART
epaa-316	255	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	255	4	indicates	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	255	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	255	6	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	255	7	regardless	regardless	ADV
epaa-316	255	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	255	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	255	10	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	255	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	255	12	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	255	13	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	255	14	bring	bring	VERB
epaa-316	255	15	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	255	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	255	17	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	255	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	255	19	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-316	255	20	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	255	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	255	22	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	255	23	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	255	24	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	255	25	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	255	26	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	255	27	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-316	255	28	greatly	greatly	ADV
epaa-316	255	29	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
epaa-316	255	30	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	255	31	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	255	32	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	255	33	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-316	255	34	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	255	35	an	an	DET
epaa-316	255	36	obstacle	obstacle	NOUN
epaa-316	255	37	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	255	38	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	255	39	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	255	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	255	41	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	255	42	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	255	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	255	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	256	1	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	256	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	256	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	256	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	256	5	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	256	6	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-316	256	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	256	8	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-316	256	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	256	10	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	256	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	256	12	separate	separate	ADJ
epaa-316	256	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	256	14	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	256	15	not	not	PART
epaa-316	256	16	unrelated	unrelated	ADJ
epaa-316	256	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	256	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	256	19	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	256	20	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	256	21	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	256	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	256	23	independently	independently	ADV
epaa-316	256	24	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	256	25	a	a	DET
epaa-316	256	26	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	256	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	256	28	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	256	29	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	256	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	257	1	rowan	rowan	PROPN
epaa-316	257	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	257	3	colleagues	colleague	NOUN
epaa-316	257	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	257	5	rowan	rowan	PROPN
epaa-316	257	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	257	7	correnti	correnti	PROPN
epaa-316	257	8	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	257	9	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-316	257	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	257	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	257	12	press	press	NOUN
epaa-316	257	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	257	14	reached	reach	VERB
epaa-316	257	15	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	257	16	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	257	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	258	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	258	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	258	3	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	258	4	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-316	258	5	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	258	6	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	258	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	258	8	young	young	ADJ
epaa-316	258	9	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	258	10	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	258	11	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	258	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	258	13	attributed	attribute	VERB
epaa-316	258	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	258	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	258	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	258	17	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-316	258	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	258	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	258	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	258	21	social	social	ADJ
epaa-316	258	22	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	258	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	258	24	previous	previous	ADJ
epaa-316	258	25	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	258	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	258	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	258	28	so	so	ADV
epaa-316	258	29	forth	forth	ADV
epaa-316	258	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	259	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	259	2	any	any	DET
epaa-316	259	3	given	give	VERB
epaa-316	259	4	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	259	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	259	6	looking	look	VERB
epaa-316	259	7	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	259	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	259	9	single	single	ADJ
epaa-316	259	10	score	score	NOUN
epaa-316	259	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	259	12	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	259	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	259	14	single	single	ADJ
epaa-316	259	15	point	point	NOUN
epaa-316	259	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	259	17	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	259	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	259	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	259	20	accounted	account	VERB
epaa-316	259	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	259	22	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	259	23	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	259	24	to	to	PART
epaa-316	259	25	18	18	NUM
epaa-316	259	26	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	259	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	259	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	259	29	13	13	NUM
epaa-316	259	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	259	31	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	259	32	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-316	259	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	259	34	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	259	35	's	's	PART
epaa-316	259	36	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	259	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	259	38	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	259	39	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	259	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	260	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	260	2	yielded	yielded	ADJ
epaa-316	260	3	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	260	4	sizes	size	NOUN
epaa-316	260	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	260	6	.21	.21	NUM
epaa-316	260	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	260	8	.42	.42	NUM
epaa-316	260	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	261	1	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	261	2	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	261	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	261	4	looking	look	VERB
epaa-316	261	5	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	261	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	261	7	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-316	261	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	261	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	261	10	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	261	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	261	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	261	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	261	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	261	15	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	261	16	magnified	magnify	VERB
epaa-316	261	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	262	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	262	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	262	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	262	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	262	5	'	'	PART
epaa-316	262	6	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	262	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	262	8	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	262	9	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-316	262	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	262	11	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	262	12	yielded	yield	VERB
epaa-316	262	13	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	262	14	sizes	size	NOUN
epaa-316	262	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	262	16	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	262	17	.77	.77	NUM
epaa-316	262	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	262	19	.88	.88	NUM
epaa-316	262	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	263	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	263	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	263	3	'	'	PART
epaa-316	263	4	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	263	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	263	6	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-316	263	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	263	8	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	263	9	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	263	10	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	263	11	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-316	263	12	impressive	impressive	ADJ
epaa-316	263	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	263	14	yielding	yield	VERB
epaa-316	263	15	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	263	16	sizes	size	NOUN
epaa-316	263	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	263	18	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	263	19	.72	.72	NUM
epaa-316	263	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	263	21	.85	.85	NUM
epaa-316	263	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	264	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	264	2	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	264	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	264	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	264	5	'	'	PART
epaa-316	264	6	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	264	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	264	8	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	264	9	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	264	10	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-316	264	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	264	12	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	264	13	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	264	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	264	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	264	16	roughly	roughly	ADV
epaa-316	264	17	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	264	18	times	time	NOUN
epaa-316	264	19	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-316	264	20	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	264	21	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	264	22	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	264	23	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	264	24	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	264	25	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	264	26	status	status	NOUN
epaa-316	264	27	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	264	28	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	264	29	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	264	30	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	264	31	point	point	NOUN
epaa-316	264	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	264	33	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	264	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	265	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	265	2	searching	search	VERB
epaa-316	265	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	265	4	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	265	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	265	6	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	265	7	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	265	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	265	9	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	265	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	265	11	these	these	DET
epaa-316	265	12	investigators	investigator	NOUN
epaa-316	265	13	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	265	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	265	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	265	16	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	265	17	consistent	consistent	ADJ
epaa-316	265	18	predictor	predictor	NOUN
epaa-316	265	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	265	20	young	young	ADJ
epaa-316	265	21	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	265	22	's	's	PART
epaa-316	265	23	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	265	24	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	265	25	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	265	26	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	265	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	266	1	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	266	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	266	3	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	266	4	to	to	PART
epaa-316	266	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	266	6	a	a	DET
epaa-316	266	7	much	much	ADV
epaa-316	266	8	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	266	9	predictor	predictor	NOUN
epaa-316	266	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	266	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	266	12	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	266	13	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	266	14	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	266	15	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	266	16	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	266	17	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	266	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	267	1	here	here	ADV
epaa-316	267	2	again	again	ADV
epaa-316	267	3	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	267	4	see	see	VERB
epaa-316	267	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	267	6	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-316	267	7	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-316	267	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	267	9	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
epaa-316	267	10	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	267	11	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	267	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	267	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	267	14	influencing	influence	VERB
epaa-316	267	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	267	16	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	267	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	267	18	young	young	ADJ
epaa-316	267	19	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	267	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	268	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	268	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	268	3	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	268	4	not	not	PART
epaa-316	268	5	discussed	discuss	VERB
epaa-316	268	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	268	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	268	8	reports	report	NOUN
epaa-316	268	9	connecting	connect	VERB
epaa-316	268	10	some	some	DET
epaa-316	268	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	268	12	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	268	13	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	268	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	268	15	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	268	16	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	268	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	268	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	268	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	268	20	great	great	ADJ
epaa-316	268	21	bulk	bulk	NOUN
epaa-316	268	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	268	23	a	a	DET
epaa-316	268	24	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	268	25	's	's	PART
epaa-316	268	26	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	268	27	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	268	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	268	29	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-316	268	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	268	31	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
epaa-316	268	32	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	268	33	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	268	34	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	268	35	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	268	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	268	37	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	268	38	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	268	39	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	268	40	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	268	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	269	1	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-316	269	2	experience	experience	VERB
epaa-316	269	3	matters	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	269	4	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	269	5	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	269	6	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	269	7	means	mean	VERB
epaa-316	269	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	269	9	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	269	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	269	11	profit	profit	VERB
epaa-316	269	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	269	13	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	269	14	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	269	15	matter	matter	VERB
epaa-316	269	16	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	269	17	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	269	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	270	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	270	2	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	270	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	270	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	270	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	270	6	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	270	7	gained	gain	VERB
epaa-316	270	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	270	9	intensive	intensive	ADJ
epaa-316	270	10	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	270	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	270	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	270	13	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	270	14	a	a	DET
epaa-316	270	15	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-316	270	16	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	270	17	period	period	NOUN
epaa-316	270	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	270	19	might	might	AUX
epaa-316	270	20	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	270	21	matter	matter	VERB
epaa-316	270	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	271	1	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	271	2	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	271	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	271	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	271	5	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	271	6	a	a	DET
epaa-316	271	7	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	271	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	271	9	course	course	NOUN
epaa-316	271	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	271	11	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	271	12	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	271	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	271	14	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	271	15	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	271	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	271	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	271	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	271	19	missing	miss	VERB
epaa-316	271	20	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	271	21	most	most	ADJ
epaa-316	271	22	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	271	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	271	24	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	271	25	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	271	26	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	271	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	272	1	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	272	2	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-316	272	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	272	4	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	272	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	272	6	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	272	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	272	8	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	272	9	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	272	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	272	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	272	12	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	272	13	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	272	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	272	15	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	272	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	272	17	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	272	18	retard	retard	VERB
epaa-316	272	19	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	272	20	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	272	21	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	272	22	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	272	23	engage	engage	VERB
epaa-316	272	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	272	25	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	272	26	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-316	272	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	273	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	273	2	examine	examine	VERB
epaa-316	273	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	273	4	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	273	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	273	6	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	273	7	detail	detail	NOUN
epaa-316	273	8	next	next	ADV
epaa-316	273	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	274	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	274	2	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	274	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	274	4	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	274	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	274	6	another	another	DET
epaa-316	274	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	274	8	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	274	9	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	274	10	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	274	11	influences	influence	VERB
epaa-316	274	12	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	274	13	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	274	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	274	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	274	16	indirectly	indirectly	ADV
epaa-316	274	17	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	274	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	274	19	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	274	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	274	21	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	274	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	275	1	hawkins	hawkins	PROPN
epaa-316	275	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	275	3	stancavage	stancavage	NOUN
epaa-316	275	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	275	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	275	6	dorsey	dorsey	PROPN
epaa-316	275	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	275	8	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	275	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	275	10	report	report	VERB
epaa-316	275	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	275	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	275	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	275	14	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	275	15	aep	aep	PROPN
epaa-316	275	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	275	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	275	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	275	19	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	275	20	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	275	21	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	275	22	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	275	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	275	24	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	275	25	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	275	26	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	275	27	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	275	28	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	275	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	275	30	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	275	31	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	275	32	performed	perform	VERB
epaa-316	275	33	below	below	ADP
epaa-316	275	34	the	the	DET
epaa-316	275	35	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	275	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	275	37	those	those	DET
epaa-316	275	38	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	275	39	whose	whose	DET
epaa-316	275	40	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	275	41	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	275	42	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	275	43	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	275	44	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	275	45	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	275	46	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	275	47	25	25	NUM
epaa-316	275	48	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	275	49	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	275	50	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	275	51	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	275	52	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	275	53	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	275	54	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	275	55	22	22	NUM
epaa-316	275	56	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	275	57	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	276	1	fetler	fetler	NOUN
epaa-316	276	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	276	3	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	276	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	276	5	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	276	6	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	276	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	276	8	finding	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	276	9	that	that	DET
epaa-316	276	10	number	number	NOUN
epaa-316	276	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	276	12	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	276	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	276	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	276	15	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-316	276	16	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	276	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	276	18	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	276	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	276	20	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	276	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	277	1	lopez	lopez	NOUN
epaa-316	277	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	277	3	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-316	277	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	277	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	277	6	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	277	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	277	8	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	277	9	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	277	10	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	277	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	277	12	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-316	277	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	277	14	reports	report	VERB
epaa-316	277	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	277	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	277	17	require	require	VERB
epaa-316	277	18	about	about	ADV
epaa-316	277	19	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	277	20	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	277	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	277	22	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	277	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	277	24	order	order	NOUN
epaa-316	277	25	to	to	PART
epaa-316	277	26	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	277	27	able	able	ADJ
epaa-316	277	28	to	to	PART
epaa-316	277	29	maximize	maximize	VERB
epaa-316	277	30	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	277	31	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	277	32	'	'	PART
epaa-316	277	33	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	277	34	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	277	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	278	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
epaa-316	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	278	3	rivkin	rivkin	ADJ
epaa-316	278	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	278	5	hanushek	hanushek	NOUN
epaa-316	278	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	278	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	278	8	kain	kain	PROPN
epaa-316	278	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	278	10	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	278	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	278	12	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	278	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	278	14	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	278	15	are	be	VERB
epaa-316	278	16	small	small	ADJ
epaa-316	278	17	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	278	18	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	278	19	relationships	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	278	20	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	278	21	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	278	22	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	278	23	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-316	278	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	278	25	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	278	26	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	278	27	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	278	28	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	278	29	the	the	DET
epaa-316	278	30	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	278	31	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	278	32	investigation	investigation	NOUN
epaa-316	278	33	concentrates	concentrate	VERB
epaa-316	278	34	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	278	35	entering	enter	VERB
epaa-316	278	36	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	278	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	278	38	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	278	39	the	the	DET
epaa-316	278	40	notion	notion	NOUN
epaa-316	278	41	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	278	42	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	278	43	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	278	44	the	the	DET
epaa-316	278	45	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	278	46	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	278	47	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	278	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	278	49	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	278	50	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	278	51	worse	bad	ADJ
epaa-316	278	52	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	278	53	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	278	54	experienced	experienced	ADJ
epaa-316	278	55	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	278	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	279	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-316	279	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	279	3	'	'	PART
epaa-316	279	4	average	average	ADJ
epaa-316	279	5	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	279	6	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-316	279	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	279	8	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	279	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	279	10	roughly	roughly	ADV
epaa-316	279	11	20	20	NUM
epaa-316	279	12	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	279	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	279	14	a	a	DET
epaa-316	279	15	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-316	279	16	deviation	deviation	NOUN
epaa-316	279	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	279	18	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-316	279	19	4th	4th	ADJ
epaa-316	279	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	279	21	5th	5th	ADJ
epaa-316	279	22	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	279	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	279	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	279	25	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	279	26	27	27	NUM
epaa-316	279	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	279	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	280	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	280	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	280	3	report	report	VERB
epaa-316	280	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	280	5	4th	4th	ADJ
epaa-316	280	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	280	7	5th	5th	ADJ
epaa-316	280	8	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	280	9	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	280	10	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	280	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	280	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	280	13	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-316	280	14	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	280	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	280	16	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	280	17	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	280	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	280	19	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-316	280	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	280	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	280	22	effected	effect	VERB
epaa-316	280	23	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	280	24	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-316	280	25	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	280	26	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	280	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	281	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	281	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	281	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	281	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	281	5	small	small	ADJ
epaa-316	281	6	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	281	7	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	281	8	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	281	9	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	281	10	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	281	11	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-316	281	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	281	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	281	14	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	281	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	282	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	282	2	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	282	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	282	4	rowan	rowan	PROPN
epaa-316	282	5	et	et	PROPN
epaa-316	282	6	al	al	PROPN
epaa-316	282	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	282	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	282	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	282	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	282	11	press	press	NOUN
epaa-316	282	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	282	13	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-316	282	14	above	above	ADV
epaa-316	282	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	282	16	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	282	17	this	this	DET
epaa-316	282	18	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	282	19	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	282	20	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	282	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	283	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	283	2	point	point	NOUN
epaa-316	283	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	283	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	283	5	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-316	283	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	283	7	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	283	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	283	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	283	10	virtually	virtually	ADV
epaa-316	283	11	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	283	12	university	university	NOUN
epaa-316	283	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	283	14	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	283	15	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	283	16	include	include	VERB
epaa-316	283	17	both	both	PRON
epaa-316	283	18	early	early	ADJ
epaa-316	283	19	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	283	20	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	283	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	283	22	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	283	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	283	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	283	25	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	283	26	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-316	283	27	to	to	PART
epaa-316	283	28	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	283	29	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	283	30	to	to	PART
epaa-316	283	31	novice	novice	NOUN
epaa-316	283	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	283	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	284	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	284	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	284	3	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	284	4	little	little	ADJ
epaa-316	284	5	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-316	284	6	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	284	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	284	8	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	284	9	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	284	10	kinds	kind	NOUN
epaa-316	284	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	284	12	amounts	amount	NOUN
epaa-316	284	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	284	14	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	284	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	284	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	284	17	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	284	18	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
epaa-316	284	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	284	20	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	284	21	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-316	284	22	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-316	284	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	284	24	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	284	25	induction	induction	NOUN
epaa-316	284	26	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	284	27	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	284	28	offer	offer	VERB
epaa-316	284	29	little	little	ADJ
epaa-316	284	30	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	284	31	no	no	PRON
epaa-316	284	32	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	284	33	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	284	34	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	284	35	deficient	deficient	ADJ
epaa-316	284	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	285	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	285	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	285	3	a	a	DET
epaa-316	285	4	criticism	criticism	NOUN
epaa-316	285	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	285	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	285	7	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	285	8	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	285	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	285	10	any	any	DET
epaa-316	285	11	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	285	12	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	285	13	supporting	support	VERB
epaa-316	285	14	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	285	15	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	285	16	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	285	17	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	285	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	285	19	14	14	NUM
epaa-316	285	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	285	21	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	285	22	allow	allow	VERB
epaa-316	285	23	un	un	ADJ
epaa-316	285	24	-	-	ADJ
epaa-316	285	25	experienced	experienced	ADJ
epaa-316	285	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	285	27	inexperienced	inexperienced	ADJ
epaa-316	285	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	285	29	to	to	PART
epaa-316	285	30	become	become	VERB
epaa-316	285	31	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	285	32	instructors	instructor	NOUN
epaa-316	285	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	286	1	reviewing	review	VERB
epaa-316	286	2	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	286	3	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	286	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	286	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	286	6	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	286	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	286	8	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	286	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	286	10	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-316	286	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	286	12	floden	floden	ADJ
epaa-316	286	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	286	14	ferrini	ferrini	NOUN
epaa-316	286	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	286	16	mundy	mundy	NOUN
epaa-316	286	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	286	18	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	286	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	286	20	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-316	286	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	286	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	286	23	parts	part	NOUN
epaa-316	286	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	286	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	286	26	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	286	27	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	286	28	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	286	29	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	286	30	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	286	31	a	a	DET
epaa-316	286	32	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	286	33	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	286	34	unknown	unknown	ADJ
epaa-316	286	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	286	36	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	286	37	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	286	38	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	286	39	the	the	DET
epaa-316	286	40	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	286	41	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	286	42	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	286	43	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	286	44	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	286	45	value	value	NOUN
epaa-316	286	46	added	add	VERB
epaa-316	286	47	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	286	48	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	286	49	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	286	50	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	286	51	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	286	52	194	194	NUM
epaa-316	286	53	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	286	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	286	55	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	287	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	287	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	287	3	state	state	VERB
epaa-316	287	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	287	5	clinical	clinical	ADJ
epaa-316	287	6	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	287	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	287	8	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	287	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	287	10	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	287	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	287	12	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	287	13	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	287	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	287	15	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	287	16	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	287	17	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	287	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	287	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	287	20	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	287	21	seen	see	VERB
epaa-316	287	22	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	287	23	powerful	powerful	ADJ
epaa-316	287	24	forces	force	NOUN
epaa-316	287	25	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-316	287	26	maybe	maybe	ADV
epaa-316	287	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	287	28	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	287	29	powerful	powerful	ADJ
epaa-316	287	30	force	force	NOUN
epaa-316	287	31	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-316	287	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	287	33	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	287	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	287	35	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	287	36	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	287	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	288	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
epaa-316	288	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	288	3	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	288	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	288	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	288	6	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	288	7	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-316	288	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	288	9	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	288	10	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	288	11	to	to	PART
epaa-316	288	12	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	288	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	288	14	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	288	15	a	a	DET
epaa-316	288	16	short	short	ADJ
epaa-316	288	17	period	period	NOUN
epaa-316	288	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	288	19	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	288	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	288	21	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	288	22	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	288	23	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	288	24	a	a	DET
epaa-316	288	25	disservice	disservice	NOUN
epaa-316	288	26	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	288	27	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	288	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	288	29	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-316	288	30	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	288	31	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	288	32	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	288	33	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	288	34	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	288	35	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	288	36	acquire	acquire	VERB
epaa-316	288	37	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	288	38	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	288	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	289	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	289	2	logic	logic	NOUN
epaa-316	289	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	289	4	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	289	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	289	6	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	289	7	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	289	8	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	289	9	wrong	wrong	ADJ
epaa-316	289	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	289	11	employ	employ	VERB
epaa-316	289	12	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	289	13	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	289	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	289	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	289	16	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	289	17	to	to	PART
epaa-316	289	18	dismiss	dismiss	VERB
epaa-316	289	19	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	289	20	solely	solely	ADV
epaa-316	289	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	289	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	289	23	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-316	289	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	289	25	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	289	26	served	serve	VERB
epaa-316	289	27	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	289	28	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	289	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	289	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	289	31	maximum	maximum	NOUN
epaa-316	289	32	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	289	33	an	an	DET
epaa-316	289	34	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	289	35	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	289	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	289	37	some	some	DET
epaa-316	289	38	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	289	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	289	40	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	289	41	to	to	PART
epaa-316	289	42	negate	negate	VERB
epaa-316	289	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	289	44	reject	reject	VERB
epaa-316	289	45	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-316	289	46	much	much	ADV
epaa-316	289	47	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	289	48	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	289	49	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	289	50	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-316	289	51	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	289	52	that	that	DET
epaa-316	289	53	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	289	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	290	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	290	2	a	a	DET
epaa-316	290	3	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	290	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	290	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	290	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	290	7	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	290	8	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-316	290	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	290	10	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	290	11	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	290	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	290	13	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	290	14	to	to	PART
epaa-316	290	15	decide	decide	VERB
epaa-316	290	16	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	290	17	an	an	DET
epaa-316	290	18	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	290	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	290	20	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	290	21	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	290	22	reflective	reflective	ADJ
epaa-316	290	23	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	290	24	his	his	PRON
epaa-316	290	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	290	26	her	her	PRON
epaa-316	290	27	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	290	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	290	29	thereby	thereby	ADV
epaa-316	290	30	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-316	290	31	enough	enough	ADV
epaa-316	290	32	to	to	PART
epaa-316	290	33	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	290	34	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	290	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	291	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	291	2	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	291	3	compound	compound	VERB
epaa-316	291	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	291	5	original	original	ADJ
epaa-316	291	6	error	error	NOUN
epaa-316	291	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	291	8	dismiss	dismiss	VERB
epaa-316	291	9	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	291	10	after	after	ADP
epaa-316	291	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	291	12	short	short	ADJ
epaa-316	291	13	period	period	NOUN
epaa-316	291	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	291	15	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	291	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	292	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	292	2	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	292	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	292	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	292	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	292	6	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	292	7	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	292	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	292	9	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	292	10	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	292	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	292	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	292	13	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	292	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	292	15	given	give	VERB
epaa-316	292	16	above	above	ADV
epaa-316	292	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	292	18	focuses	focus	VERB
epaa-316	292	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	292	20	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-316	292	21	these	these	DET
epaa-316	292	22	abilities	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	292	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	292	24	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	292	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	292	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	292	27	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	292	28	to	to	PART
epaa-316	292	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	292	30	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-316	292	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	292	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	292	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	292	34	what	what	DET
epaa-316	292	35	mix	mix	NOUN
epaa-316	292	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	292	37	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	292	38	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	292	39	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	292	40	no	no	DET
epaa-316	292	41	major	major	ADJ
epaa-316	292	42	dissent	dissent	NOUN
epaa-316	292	43	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	292	44	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	292	45	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-316	292	46	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	292	47	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	292	48	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	292	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	293	1	wenglinsky	wenglinsky	PROPN
epaa-316	293	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	293	3	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	293	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	293	5	makes	make	VERB
epaa-316	293	6	this	this	DET
epaa-316	293	7	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	293	8	best	well	ADV
epaa-316	293	9	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	293	10	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	293	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	293	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	293	13	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	293	14	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	293	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	293	16	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	293	17	progress	progress	NOUN
epaa-316	293	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	293	19	naep	naep	ADJ
epaa-316	293	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	293	21	to	to	PART
epaa-316	293	22	examine	examine	VERB
epaa-316	293	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	293	24	role	role	NOUN
epaa-316	293	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	293	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	293	27	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	293	28	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-316	293	29	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	293	30	play	play	VERB
epaa-316	293	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	293	32	influencing	influence	VERB
epaa-316	293	33	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	293	34	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	293	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	294	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	294	2	summarizes	summarize	VERB
epaa-316	294	3	his	his	PRON
epaa-316	294	4	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	294	5	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	294	6	follows	follow	VERB
epaa-316	294	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	294	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	294	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	294	10	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	294	11	finds	find	VERB
epaa-316	294	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	294	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	294	14	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	294	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	294	16	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	294	17	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	294	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	294	19	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	294	20	added	add	VERB
epaa-316	294	21	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	294	22	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	294	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	294	24	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	294	25	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	294	26	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	294	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	294	28	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	294	29	comparable	comparable	ADJ
epaa-316	294	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	294	31	size	size	NOUN
epaa-316	294	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	294	33	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	294	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	294	35	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	294	36	background	background	NOUN
epaa-316	294	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	294	38	suggesting	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	294	39	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	294	40	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	294	41	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	294	42	contribute	contribute	VERB
epaa-316	294	43	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	294	44	much	much	ADJ
epaa-316	294	45	to	to	PART
epaa-316	294	46	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	294	47	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	294	48	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	294	49	the	the	DET
epaa-316	294	50	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	294	51	themselves	themselves	PRON
epaa-316	294	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	294	53	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	1	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-316	295	2	assignment	assignment	NOUN
epaa-316	295	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	295	4	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	295	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	295	6	some	some	DET
epaa-316	295	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	295	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	295	9	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	295	10	status	status	NOUN
epaa-316	295	11	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	295	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	295	13	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-316	295	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	295	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	295	16	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	295	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	295	18	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	295	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	295	20	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	295	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	295	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	295	23	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	295	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	295	25	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	295	26	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	295	27	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	295	28	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	295	29	outperform	outperform	ADJ
epaa-316	295	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	295	31	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	295	32	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	295	33	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	295	34	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	295	35	fully	fully	ADV
epaa-316	295	36	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	295	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	295	38	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	295	39	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	295	40	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	295	41	no	no	DET
epaa-316	295	42	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	295	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	44	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	295	45	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	46	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	295	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	48	berry	berry	NOUN
epaa-316	295	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	50	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	295	51	thoreson	thoreson	PROPN
epaa-316	295	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	53	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	295	54	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	55	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	295	56	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	57	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	295	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	59	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	295	60	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	61	fenstermacher	fenstermacher	NOUN
epaa-316	295	62	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	63	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	295	64	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	65	evertson	evertson	ADV
epaa-316	295	66	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	67	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-316	295	68	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	295	69	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	296	1	unfortunately	unfortunately	ADV
epaa-316	296	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	296	3	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	296	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	296	5	not	not	PART
epaa-316	296	6	all	all	DET
epaa-316	296	7	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	296	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	296	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	296	10	assigned	assign	VERB
epaa-316	296	11	to	to	PART
epaa-316	296	12	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	296	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	296	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	296	15	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	296	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	296	17	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	296	18	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	296	19	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	296	20	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	296	21	trained	train	VERB
epaa-316	296	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	296	23	goldhaber	goldhaber	PROPN
epaa-316	296	24	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	296	25	brewer	brewer	PROPN
epaa-316	296	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	296	27	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	296	28	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	296	29	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	296	30	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	296	31	ehrenberg	ehrenberg	PROPN
epaa-316	296	32	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	296	33	brewer	brewer	PROPN
epaa-316	296	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	296	35	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	296	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	296	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	297	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	297	2	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-316	297	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	297	4	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	297	5	numbers	number	NOUN
epaa-316	297	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	297	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	297	8	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	297	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	297	10	staff	staff	NOUN
epaa-316	297	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	297	12	assigned	assign	VERB
epaa-316	297	13	duties	duty	NOUN
epaa-316	297	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	297	15	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	297	16	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	297	17	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	297	18	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	297	19	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
epaa-316	297	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	298	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	298	2	kind	kind	NOUN
epaa-316	298	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	298	4	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	298	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	298	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	298	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	298	8	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	298	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	298	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	298	11	exemplified	exemplify	VERB
epaa-316	298	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	298	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	298	14	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-316	298	15	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	298	16	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	298	17	a	a	DET
epaa-316	298	18	fifth	fifth	ADJ
epaa-316	298	19	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	298	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	298	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	298	22	assigned	assign	VERB
epaa-316	298	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	298	24	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	298	25	a	a	DET
epaa-316	298	26	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	298	27	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	298	28	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	298	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	298	30	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	298	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	298	32	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	298	33	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	298	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	298	35	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	298	36	an	an	DET
epaa-316	298	37	english	english	ADJ
epaa-316	298	38	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	298	39	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	298	40	assigned	assign	VERB
epaa-316	298	41	to	to	PART
epaa-316	298	42	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	298	43	an	an	DET
epaa-316	298	44	american	american	ADJ
epaa-316	298	45	history	history	NOUN
epaa-316	298	46	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	298	47	a	a	DET
epaa-316	298	48	biology	biology	NOUN
epaa-316	298	49	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	298	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	299	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	299	2	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	299	3	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-316	299	4	reason	reason	NOUN
epaa-316	299	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	299	6	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	299	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	299	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	299	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	299	10	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	299	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	299	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	299	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	299	14	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-316	299	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	299	16	fit	fit	NOUN
epaa-316	299	17	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	299	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	299	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	299	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	299	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	299	22	staff	staff	NOUN
epaa-316	299	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	299	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	299	25	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	299	26	assignments	assignment	NOUN
epaa-316	299	27	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	299	28	an	an	DET
epaa-316	299	29	administrator	administrator	NOUN
epaa-316	299	30	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	299	31	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	299	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	299	33	ingersoll	ingersoll	NOUN
epaa-316	299	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	299	35	1999a	1999a	NUM
epaa-316	299	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	299	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	300	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	300	2	some	some	DET
epaa-316	300	3	curricula	curricula	NOUN
epaa-316	300	4	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	300	5	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	300	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	300	7	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
epaa-316	300	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	300	9	special	special	ADJ
epaa-316	300	10	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	300	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	300	12	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	300	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	300	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	300	15	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	300	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	300	17	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	300	18	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	300	19	a	a	DET
epaa-316	300	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	300	21	shortage	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	300	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	301	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	301	2	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	301	3	to	to	PART
epaa-316	301	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	301	5	caused	cause	VERB
epaa-316	301	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	301	7	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	301	8	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	301	9	enrollments	enrollment	NOUN
epaa-316	301	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	301	11	retirements	retirement	NOUN
epaa-316	301	12	due	due	ADP
epaa-316	301	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	301	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	301	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	301	16	graying	graying	NOUN
epaa-316	301	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	301	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	301	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	301	20	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	301	21	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	301	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	301	23	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	301	24	turnover	turnover	NOUN
epaa-316	301	25	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	301	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	301	27	due	due	ADP
epaa-316	301	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	301	29	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	301	30	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-316	301	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	301	32	carrying	carry	VERB
epaa-316	301	33	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	301	34	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	301	35	jobs	job	NOUN
epaa-316	301	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	301	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	301	38	the	the	DET
epaa-316	301	39	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	301	40	remuneration	remuneration	NOUN
epaa-316	301	41	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	301	42	mathematicians	mathematician	NOUN
epaa-316	301	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	301	44	scientists	scientist	NOUN
epaa-316	301	45	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	301	46	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	301	47	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	301	48	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	301	49	fields	field	NOUN
epaa-316	301	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	302	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	302	2	faced	face	VERB
epaa-316	302	3	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	302	4	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-316	302	5	filling	fill	VERB
epaa-316	302	6	positions	position	NOUN
epaa-316	302	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	302	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	302	9	boards	board	NOUN
epaa-316	302	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	302	11	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-316	302	12	think	think	VERB
epaa-316	302	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	302	14	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	302	15	solutions	solution	NOUN
epaa-316	302	16	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	302	17	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	302	18	hire	hire	VERB
epaa-316	302	19	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	302	20	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	302	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	302	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	302	23	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	302	24	assign	assign	VERB
epaa-316	302	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	302	26	trained	train	VERB
epaa-316	302	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	302	28	another	another	DET
epaa-316	302	29	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	302	30	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	302	31	to	to	PART
epaa-316	302	32	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	302	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	302	34	the	the	DET
epaa-316	302	35	understaffed	understaffed	ADJ
epaa-316	302	36	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	302	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	302	38	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	302	39	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	302	40	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	302	41	extensive	extensive	ADJ
epaa-316	302	42	use	use	NOUN
epaa-316	302	43	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	302	44	substitute	substitute	NOUN
epaa-316	302	45	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	302	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	303	1	15	15	NUM
epaa-316	303	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	303	3	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	303	4	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	303	5	are	be	VERB
epaa-316	303	6	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	303	7	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	303	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	303	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	303	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	303	11	shortage	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	303	12	explanation	explanation	NOUN
epaa-316	303	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	303	14	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	303	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	303	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	303	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	303	18	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	303	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	303	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	304	1	first	first	ADV
epaa-316	304	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	304	3	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	304	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	304	5	this	this	DET
epaa-316	304	6	explanation	explanation	NOUN
epaa-316	304	7	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	304	8	not	not	PART
epaa-316	304	9	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	304	10	an	an	DET
epaa-316	304	11	answer	answer	NOUN
epaa-316	304	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	304	13	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-316	304	14	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	304	15	numbers	number	NOUN
epaa-316	304	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	304	17	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	304	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	304	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	304	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	304	21	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	304	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	304	23	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-316	304	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	304	25	fields	field	NOUN
epaa-316	304	26	like	like	ADP
epaa-316	304	27	english	english	ADJ
epaa-316	304	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	304	29	social	social	ADJ
epaa-316	304	30	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	304	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	304	32	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	304	33	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	304	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	304	35	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	304	36	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	304	37	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	304	38	long	long	ADV
epaa-316	304	39	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	304	40	a	a	DET
epaa-316	304	41	surplus	surplus	NOUN
epaa-316	304	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	304	43	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	304	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	305	1	another	another	DET
epaa-316	305	2	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	305	3	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	305	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	305	5	explanation	explanation	NOUN
epaa-316	305	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	305	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	305	8	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	305	9	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	305	10	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	305	11	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	305	12	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	305	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	305	14	past	past	ADJ
epaa-316	305	15	few	few	ADJ
epaa-316	305	16	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	305	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	305	18	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	305	19	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	305	20	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	305	21	trouble	trouble	NOUN
epaa-316	305	22	filling	fill	VERB
epaa-316	305	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	305	24	openings	opening	NOUN
epaa-316	305	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	305	26	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	305	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	305	28	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	305	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	305	30	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	305	31	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	305	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	305	33	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	305	34	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	305	35	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	305	36	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	305	37	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	305	38	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	305	39	us	we	PRON
epaa-316	305	40	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	305	41	a	a	DET
epaa-316	305	42	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	305	43	longer	long	ADJ
epaa-316	305	44	period	period	NOUN
epaa-316	305	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	305	46	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	305	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	306	1	finally	finally	ADV
epaa-316	306	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	306	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	306	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	306	5	shortage	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	306	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	306	7	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	306	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	306	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	306	10	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-316	306	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	306	12	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	306	13	are	be	VERB
epaa-316	306	14	too	too	ADV
epaa-316	306	15	few	few	ADJ
epaa-316	306	16	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	306	17	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-316	306	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	307	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	307	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	307	3	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-316	307	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	307	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	307	6	biggest	big	ADJ
epaa-316	307	7	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-316	307	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	307	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	307	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	307	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	307	12	choosing	choose	VERB
epaa-316	307	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	307	14	leave	leave	VERB
epaa-316	307	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	307	16	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	307	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	307	18	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	307	19	jobs	job	NOUN
epaa-316	307	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	307	21	ingersoll	ingersoll	NOUN
epaa-316	307	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	307	23	1999a	1999a	NUM
epaa-316	307	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	307	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	1	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	308	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	3	1999a	1999a	NUM
epaa-316	308	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	5	comments	comment	NOUN
epaa-316	308	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	8	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	308	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	308	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	12	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	308	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	308	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	308	15	common	common	ADJ
epaa-316	308	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	17	i	i	PRON
epaa-316	308	18	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-316	308	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	20	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	308	21	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	308	22	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	308	23	not	not	PART
epaa-316	308	24	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	308	25	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-316	308	26	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	308	27	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	308	28	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	308	29	convenient	convenient	ADJ
epaa-316	308	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	31	less	less	ADV
epaa-316	308	32	expensive	expensive	ADJ
epaa-316	308	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	308	34	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	308	35	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	308	36	consuming	consume	VERB
epaa-316	308	37	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	308	38	the	the	DET
epaa-316	308	39	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-316	308	40	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	42	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	308	43	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	308	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	308	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	309	1	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	309	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	309	3	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	309	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	309	5	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	309	6	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	309	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	309	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	309	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	309	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	309	11	staffing	staffing	NOUN
epaa-316	309	12	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-316	309	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	309	14	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	309	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	309	16	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-316	309	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	309	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	309	19	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	309	20	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	309	21	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	309	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	309	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	309	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	309	25	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	309	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	310	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	310	2	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-316	310	3	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	310	4	indicating	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	310	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	310	6	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	310	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	310	8	fifth	fifth	NOUN
epaa-316	310	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	310	10	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	310	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	310	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	310	13	enrolled	enrol	VERB
epaa-316	310	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	310	15	7th-12th	7th-12th	NUM
epaa-316	310	16	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	310	17	english	english	ADJ
epaa-316	310	18	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-316	310	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	310	20	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	310	21	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	310	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	310	23	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	310	24	did	do	AUX
epaa-316	310	25	not	not	PART
epaa-316	310	26	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	310	27	at	at	ADV
epaa-316	310	28	least	least	ADJ
epaa-316	310	29	a	a	PRON
epaa-316	310	30	minor	minor	ADJ
epaa-316	310	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	310	32	english	english	PROPN
epaa-316	310	33	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	310	34	some	some	DET
epaa-316	310	35	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	310	36	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-316	310	37	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	310	38	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	310	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	311	1	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	311	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	311	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	311	4	enrolled	enrol	VERB
epaa-316	311	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	311	6	7th-12th	7th-12th	NUM
epaa-316	311	7	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	311	8	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	311	9	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-316	311	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	311	11	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	311	12	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	311	13	a	a	PRON
epaa-316	311	14	quarter	quarter	NOUN
epaa-316	311	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	311	16	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	311	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	311	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	311	19	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	311	20	a	a	DET
epaa-316	311	21	minor	minor	ADJ
epaa-316	311	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	311	23	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	311	24	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	311	25	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	311	26	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	311	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	312	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	312	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	312	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	312	4	less	less	ADV
epaa-316	312	5	drastic	drastic	ADJ
epaa-316	312	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	312	7	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	312	8	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	312	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	312	10	course	course	NOUN
epaa-316	312	11	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	312	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	313	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	313	2	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	313	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	313	4	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	313	5	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	313	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	313	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	313	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	313	9	english	english	PROPN
epaa-316	313	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	313	11	39	39	NUM
epaa-316	313	12	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	313	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	313	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	313	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	313	16	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	313	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	313	18	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	313	19	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	313	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	313	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	313	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	313	23	social	social	ADJ
epaa-316	313	24	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	313	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	313	26	27	27	NUM
epaa-316	313	27	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	313	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	313	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	313	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	313	31	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	313	32	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	313	33	assigned	assign	VERB
epaa-316	313	34	to	to	PART
epaa-316	313	35	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	313	36	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-316	313	37	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-316	313	38	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	313	39	a	a	DET
epaa-316	313	40	major	major	NOUN
epaa-316	313	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	313	42	that	that	DET
epaa-316	313	43	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	313	44	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	313	45	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	313	46	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	313	47	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	313	48	counts	count	NOUN
epaa-316	313	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	313	50	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	313	51	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	313	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	313	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	314	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	314	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	314	3	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	314	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	314	5	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-316	314	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	314	7	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	314	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	314	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	314	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	314	11	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	314	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	314	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	314	14	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	314	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	314	16	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-316	314	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	314	18	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	314	19	poverty	poverty	NOUN
epaa-316	314	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	314	21	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	314	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	314	23	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	314	24	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	314	25	1999b	1999b	NUM
epaa-316	314	26	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	314	27	haycock	haycock	NOUN
epaa-316	314	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	314	29	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	314	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	314	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	1	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	315	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	3	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	315	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	5	reports	report	NOUN
epaa-316	315	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	315	9	no	no	DET
epaa-316	315	10	fields	field	NOUN
epaa-316	315	11	did	do	VERB
epaa-316	315	12	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	315	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	14	poverty	poverty	NOUN
epaa-316	315	15	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	315	16	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	315	17	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	315	18	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	315	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	315	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	22	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	315	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	315	24	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	315	25	did	do	VERB
epaa-316	315	26	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	315	27	poverty	poverty	NOUN
epaa-316	315	28	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	315	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	30	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	315	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	315	32	several	several	ADJ
epaa-316	315	33	fields	field	NOUN
epaa-316	315	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	35	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	315	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	315	37	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	315	38	poverty	poverty	NOUN
epaa-316	315	39	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	315	40	received	receive	VERB
epaa-316	315	41	distinctively	distinctively	ADV
epaa-316	315	42	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	315	43	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	315	44	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	315	46	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	47	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	315	48	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	315	49	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	315	50	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	315	51	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	315	52	poverty	poverty	NOUN
epaa-316	315	53	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	315	54	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	55	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	56	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	315	57	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	315	58	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	315	59	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	316	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	316	2	trend	trend	NOUN
epaa-316	316	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	316	4	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	316	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	316	6	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	316	7	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	316	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	316	9	placed	place	VERB
epaa-316	316	10	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	316	11	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	316	12	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	316	13	tracks	track	NOUN
epaa-316	316	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	316	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	316	16	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-316	316	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	317	2	track	track	NOUN
epaa-316	317	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	317	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	317	5	exposed	expose	VERB
epaa-316	317	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	317	7	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	317	8	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	317	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	317	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	12	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	317	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	317	14	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	317	15	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	317	16	track	track	NOUN
epaa-316	317	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	317	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	19	goldhaber	goldhaber	PROPN
epaa-316	317	20	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	317	21	brewer	brewer	PROPN
epaa-316	317	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	23	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	317	24	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	25	rivkin	rivkin	X
epaa-316	317	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	27	et	et	PROPN
epaa-316	317	28	al	al	PROPN
epaa-316	317	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	30	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	317	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	32	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	317	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	34	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	317	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	37	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	317	38	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	39	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-316	317	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	317	41	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	317	42	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	317	43	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	317	44	disproportionately	disproportionately	ADV
epaa-316	317	45	placed	place	VERB
epaa-316	317	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	317	47	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	317	48	track	track	NOUN
epaa-316	317	49	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	317	50	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	317	51	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	317	52	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-316	317	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	54	[	[	X
epaa-316	317	55	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	317	56	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	57	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-316	317	58	claim	claim	VERB
epaa-316	317	59	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	317	60	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	317	61	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	317	62	the	the	DET
epaa-316	317	63	least	least	ADJ
epaa-316	317	64	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	317	65	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	66	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	67	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	317	68	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	69	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	317	70	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	71	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	317	72	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	317	73	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	317	74	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	318	1	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	318	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	318	3	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	318	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	318	5	1997b	1997b	NUM
epaa-316	318	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	318	7	reports	report	VERB
epaa-316	318	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	318	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	318	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	318	11	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	318	12	heavily	heavily	ADV
epaa-316	318	13	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-316	318	14	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	318	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	318	16	inner	inner	ADJ
epaa-316	318	17	cities	city	NOUN
epaa-316	318	18	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	318	19	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	318	20	50	50	NUM
epaa-316	318	21	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	318	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	318	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	318	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	318	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	318	26	mathematics	mathematics	PROPN
epaa-316	318	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	318	28	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	318	29	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	318	30	licensed	license	VERB
epaa-316	318	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	318	32	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	318	33	a	a	DET
epaa-316	318	34	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	318	35	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	318	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	318	37	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	318	38	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	318	39	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	318	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	319	1	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	319	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	319	3	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	319	4	remonstrates	remonstrate	VERB
epaa-316	319	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	319	6	throughout	throughout	ADP
epaa-316	319	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	319	8	country	country	NOUN
epaa-316	319	9	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	319	10	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	319	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	319	12	least	least	ADJ
epaa-316	319	13	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	319	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	319	15	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	319	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	319	17	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	319	18	disadvantaged	disadvantaged	ADJ
epaa-316	319	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	319	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	319	21	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	319	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	319	23	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	319	24	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	319	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	319	26	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	319	27	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	319	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	319	29	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	319	30	advantaged	advantaged	ADJ
epaa-316	319	31	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	319	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	320	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	320	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	320	3	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-316	320	4	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	320	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	320	6	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	320	7	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	320	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	320	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	320	10	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	320	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	320	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	320	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	320	14	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	320	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	320	16	stated	state	VERB
epaa-316	320	17	forcefully	forcefully	ADV
epaa-316	320	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	320	19	hawk	hawk	NOUN
epaa-316	320	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	320	21	coble	coble	ADJ
epaa-316	320	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	320	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	320	24	swanson	swanson	PROPN
epaa-316	320	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	320	26	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-316	320	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	320	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	321	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	321	2	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-316	321	3	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	321	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	321	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	321	6	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	321	7	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	321	8	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	321	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	321	10	know	know	VERB
epaa-316	321	11	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	321	12	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	321	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	321	14	show	show	VERB
epaa-316	321	15	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	321	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	321	17	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	321	18	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	321	19	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	321	20	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	321	21	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	321	22	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	321	23	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	321	24	out	out	NOUN
epaa-316	321	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	321	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	321	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	321	28	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	321	29	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
epaa-316	321	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	322	1	further	far	ADV
epaa-316	322	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	322	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	322	4	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	322	5	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	322	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	322	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	322	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	322	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	322	10	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	322	11	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	322	12	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	322	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	322	14	achieve	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	322	15	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	322	16	a	a	DET
epaa-316	322	17	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	322	18	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	322	19	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	322	20	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	322	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	322	22	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	322	23	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	322	24	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	322	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	322	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	322	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	322	28	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	322	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	322	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	322	31	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	322	32	15	15	NUM
epaa-316	322	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	322	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	323	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	323	2	short	short	ADJ
epaa-316	323	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	323	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	323	5	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	323	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	323	7	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	323	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	323	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	323	10	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	323	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	323	12	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	323	13	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	323	14	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	323	15	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	323	16	performs	perform	VERB
epaa-316	323	17	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	323	18	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	323	19	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	323	20	assigned	assign	VERB
epaa-316	323	21	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	323	22	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	323	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	323	24	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	323	25	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	323	26	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	323	27	not	not	PART
epaa-316	323	28	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	323	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	324	1	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	324	2	matters	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	324	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	1	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	325	2	routes	route	NOUN
epaa-316	325	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	325	4	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	325	5	16	16	NUM
epaa-316	325	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	325	7	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	325	8	much	much	ADJ
epaa-316	325	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	325	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	325	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	325	12	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	325	13	draws	draw	VERB
epaa-316	325	14	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-316	325	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	325	16	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	325	17	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	325	18	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	325	19	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	325	20	not	not	PART
epaa-316	325	21	adequately	adequately	ADV
epaa-316	325	22	address	address	VERB
epaa-316	325	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	325	24	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	325	25	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	325	26	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	325	27	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	325	28	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	325	29	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	325	30	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	325	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	325	32	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-316	325	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	325	34	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	325	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	325	36	rigor	rigor	NOUN
epaa-316	325	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	325	38	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	325	39	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	325	40	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	325	41	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	325	42	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	325	43	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	325	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	45	buck	buck	NOUN
epaa-316	325	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	47	polloway	polloway	NOUN
epaa-316	325	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	49	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	325	50	robb	robb	PROPN
epaa-316	325	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	52	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-316	325	53	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	54	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-316	325	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	56	mckenna	mckenna	PROPN
epaa-316	325	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	58	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	325	59	mckenna	mckenna	PROPN
epaa-316	325	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	61	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	325	62	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	63	mckibbin	mckibbin	NOUN
epaa-316	325	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	65	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-316	325	66	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	67	bliss	bliss	ADJ
epaa-316	325	68	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	69	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	325	70	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	71	stoddard	stoddard	NOUN
epaa-316	325	72	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	73	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	325	74	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	75	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	325	76	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	77	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	325	78	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	79	berry	berry	NOUN
epaa-316	325	80	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	81	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	325	82	thoreson	thoreson	PROPN
epaa-316	325	83	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	84	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	325	85	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	325	86	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	326	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	326	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	326	3	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	326	4	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-316	326	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	326	6	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	326	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	326	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	326	9	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	326	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	326	11	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	326	12	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	326	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	326	14	poorly	poorly	ADV
epaa-316	326	15	designed	design	VERB
epaa-316	326	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	326	17	administered	administer	VERB
epaa-316	326	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	326	19	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-316	326	20	little	little	ADJ
epaa-316	326	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	326	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	326	23	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	326	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	326	25	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-316	326	26	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	326	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	326	28	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-316	326	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	326	30	floden	floden	ADJ
epaa-316	326	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	326	32	ferrini	ferrini	NOUN
epaa-316	326	33	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	326	34	mundy	mundy	NOUN
epaa-316	326	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	326	36	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	326	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	326	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	327	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-316	327	2	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-316	327	3	dramatically	dramatically	ADV
epaa-316	327	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	327	5	number	number	NOUN
epaa-316	327	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	327	7	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	327	8	are	be	VERB
epaa-316	327	9	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-316	327	10	no	no	DET
epaa-316	327	11	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	327	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	327	13	assessing	assess	VERB
epaa-316	327	14	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	327	15	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	327	16	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	327	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	328	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	328	2	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	328	3	variability	variability	NOUN
epaa-316	328	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	328	5	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	328	6	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	328	7	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	328	8	makes	make	VERB
epaa-316	328	9	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	328	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	328	11	this	this	DET
epaa-316	328	12	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
epaa-316	328	13	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-316	328	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	329	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	329	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	329	3	course	course	NOUN
epaa-316	329	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	329	5	to	to	PART
epaa-316	329	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	329	7	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-316	329	8	fair	fair	ADJ
epaa-316	329	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	329	10	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	329	11	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	329	12	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	329	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	329	14	variability	variability	NOUN
epaa-316	329	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	329	16	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	329	17	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	329	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	329	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	329	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	329	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	329	22	whose	whose	DET
epaa-316	329	23	design	design	NOUN
epaa-316	329	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	329	25	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-316	329	26	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	329	27	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	329	28	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	329	29	noted	note	VERB
epaa-316	329	30	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	329	31	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	329	32	to	to	PART
epaa-316	329	33	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	329	34	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-316	329	35	slipshod	slipshod	ADJ
epaa-316	329	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	330	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-316	330	2	accredited	accredited	ADJ
epaa-316	330	3	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	330	4	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	330	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	330	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	330	7	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	330	8	opinion	opinion	NOUN
epaa-316	330	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	330	10	some	some	DET
epaa-316	330	11	embarrassing	embarrassing	ADJ
epaa-316	330	12	design	design	NOUN
epaa-316	330	13	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	330	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	330	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	331	1	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-316	331	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	331	3	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	331	4	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	331	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	331	6	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	331	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	331	8	claim	claim	VERB
epaa-316	331	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	331	10	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	331	11	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	331	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	331	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	331	14	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	331	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	331	16	rural	rural	ADJ
epaa-316	331	17	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	331	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	331	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	331	20	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-316	331	21	shortage	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	331	22	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	331	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	331	24	i.e.	i.e.	X
epaa-316	331	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	331	26	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	331	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	331	28	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	331	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	332	1	zumwalt	zumwalt	PROPN
epaa-316	332	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	332	3	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	332	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	332	5	summarizes	summarize	NOUN
epaa-316	332	6	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	332	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	332	8	several	several	ADJ
epaa-316	332	9	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	332	10	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	332	11	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	332	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	332	13	reports	report	NOUN
epaa-316	332	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	332	15	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	332	16	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	332	17	attract	attract	VERB
epaa-316	332	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	332	19	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	332	20	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	332	21	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	332	22	willing	willing	ADJ
epaa-316	332	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	332	24	work	work	VERB
epaa-316	332	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	332	26	rural	rural	ADJ
epaa-316	332	27	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	332	28	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	332	29	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	332	30	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	332	31	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	332	32	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-316	332	33	trained	train	VERB
epaa-316	332	34	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	332	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	333	1	mckibbin	mckibbin	NOUN
epaa-316	333	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	333	3	ray	ray	PROPN
epaa-316	333	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	333	5	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	333	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	333	7	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	333	8	report	report	VERB
epaa-316	333	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	333	10	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	333	11	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	333	12	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	333	13	attract	attract	VERB
epaa-316	333	14	people	people	NOUN
epaa-316	333	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	333	16	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	333	17	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	333	18	majors	major	NOUN
epaa-316	333	19	like	like	ADP
epaa-316	333	20	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	333	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	333	22	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	333	23	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	333	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	333	25	interested	interested	ADJ
epaa-316	333	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	333	27	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	333	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	333	29	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	333	30	not	not	PART
epaa-316	333	31	interested	interested	ADJ
epaa-316	333	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	333	33	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	333	34	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	333	35	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	333	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	334	1	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	334	2	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	334	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	334	4	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	334	5	seen	see	VERB
epaa-316	334	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	334	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	334	8	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-316	334	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	334	10	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	334	11	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	334	12	to	to	PART
epaa-316	334	13	train	train	VERB
epaa-316	334	14	people	people	NOUN
epaa-316	334	15	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	334	16	did	do	VERB
epaa-316	334	17	not	not	PART
epaa-316	334	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	334	19	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	334	20	not	not	PART
epaa-316	334	21	enroll	enroll	VERB
epaa-316	334	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	334	23	conventional	conventional	ADJ
epaa-316	334	24	undergraduate	undergraduate	NOUN
epaa-316	334	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	334	26	graduate	graduate	ADJ
epaa-316	334	27	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	334	28	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	334	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	335	1	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	335	2	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	335	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	335	4	cheaper	cheap	ADJ
epaa-316	335	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	335	6	zumwalt	zumwalt	NOUN
epaa-316	335	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	335	8	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	335	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	335	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	335	11	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	335	12	might	might	AUX
epaa-316	335	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	335	14	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-316	335	15	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	335	16	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	335	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	335	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	335	19	shorter	short	ADJ
epaa-316	335	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	335	21	duration	duration	NOUN
epaa-316	335	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	335	23	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	335	24	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	335	25	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-316	335	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	335	27	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-316	335	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	335	29	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	335	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	335	31	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	335	32	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	335	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	336	1	proponents	proponent	NOUN
epaa-316	336	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	336	3	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	336	4	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	336	5	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-316	336	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	336	7	these	these	DET
epaa-316	336	8	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	336	9	attract	attract	VERB
epaa-316	336	10	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	336	11	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	336	12	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-316	336	13	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	336	14	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	336	15	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	336	16	academically	academically	ADV
epaa-316	336	17	able	able	ADJ
epaa-316	336	18	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	336	19	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	336	20	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	336	21	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-316	336	22	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	336	23	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	336	24	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	336	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	336	26	kanstroom	kanstroom	NOUN
epaa-316	336	27	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	336	28	finn	finn	PROPN
epaa-316	336	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	336	30	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	336	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	336	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	337	1	participants	participant	NOUN
epaa-316	337	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	337	3	these	these	DET
epaa-316	337	4	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	337	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	337	6	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-316	337	7	people	people	NOUN
epaa-316	337	8	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	337	9	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	337	10	majored	major	VERB
epaa-316	337	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	337	12	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	337	13	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	337	14	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	337	15	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-316	337	16	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	337	17	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	337	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	338	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	338	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	338	3	a	a	DET
epaa-316	338	4	major	major	ADJ
epaa-316	338	5	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-316	338	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	338	7	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	338	8	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	338	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	338	10	subject	subject	VERB
epaa-316	338	11	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	338	12	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	338	13	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	338	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	338	15	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	338	16	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	338	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	338	18	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	338	19	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	338	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	338	21	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	338	22	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	338	23	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-316	338	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	338	25	jelmberg	jelmberg	NOUN
epaa-316	338	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	338	27	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	338	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	338	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	339	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	339	2	some	some	DET
epaa-316	339	3	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	339	4	show	show	VERB
epaa-316	339	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	339	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	339	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	339	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	339	9	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	339	10	routes	route	NOUN
epaa-316	339	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	339	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	339	13	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	339	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	339	15	drop	drop	NOUN
epaa-316	339	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	339	17	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	339	18	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	339	19	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	339	20	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-316	339	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	339	22	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	339	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	339	24	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-316	339	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	339	26	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	339	27	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-316	339	28	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	339	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	340	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	340	2	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-316	340	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	340	4	floden	floden	PROPN
epaa-316	340	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	340	6	ferrini	ferrini	ADV
epaa-316	340	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	340	8	mundy	mundy	NOUN
epaa-316	340	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	340	10	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	340	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	340	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	341	1	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	341	2	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	341	3	show	show	VERB
epaa-316	341	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	341	5	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	341	6	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	341	7	recruits	recruit	NOUN
epaa-316	341	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	341	9	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	341	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	341	11	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	341	12	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	341	13	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	341	14	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	341	15	point	point	NOUN
epaa-316	341	16	averages	average	NOUN
epaa-316	341	17	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	341	18	recruits	recruit	NOUN
epaa-316	341	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	341	20	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	341	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	341	22	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	341	23	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	341	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	341	25	stoddart	stoddart	PROPN
epaa-316	341	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	341	27	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	341	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	341	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	342	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
epaa-316	342	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	342	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	342	4	date	date	NOUN
epaa-316	342	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	342	6	these	these	DET
epaa-316	342	7	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
epaa-316	342	8	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	342	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	342	10	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	342	11	not	not	PART
epaa-316	342	12	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-316	342	13	strong	strong	ADJ
epaa-316	342	14	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	342	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	342	16	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	342	17	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	342	18	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	342	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	343	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
epaa-316	343	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	343	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	343	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	343	5	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	343	6	routes	route	NOUN
epaa-316	343	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	343	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	343	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	343	10	including	include	VERB
epaa-316	343	11	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	343	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	343	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	343	14	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	343	15	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	343	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	343	17	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	343	18	trained	train	VERB
epaa-316	343	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	343	20	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	343	21	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	343	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	343	23	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	343	24	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	343	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	343	26	report	report	VERB
epaa-316	343	27	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	343	28	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	343	29	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	343	30	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	343	31	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	343	32	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	343	33	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	343	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	344	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	344	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-316	344	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	344	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	344	5	39	39	NUM
epaa-316	344	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	344	7	40	40	NUM
epaa-316	344	8	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	344	9	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-316	344	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	344	11	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	344	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	344	13	rated	rate	VERB
epaa-316	344	14	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	344	15	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	344	16	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	344	17	poorly	poorly	ADV
epaa-316	344	18	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	344	19	did	do	VERB
epaa-316	344	20	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	344	21	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	344	22	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	344	23	trained	train	VERB
epaa-316	344	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	344	25	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	344	26	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	344	27	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	344	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	345	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	345	2	self	self	NOUN
epaa-316	345	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	345	4	confidence	confidence	NOUN
epaa-316	345	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	345	6	sense	sense	NOUN
epaa-316	345	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	345	8	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
epaa-316	345	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	345	10	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	345	11	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	345	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	345	13	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	345	14	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	345	15	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	345	16	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	345	17	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	345	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	345	19	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	345	20	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	345	21	came	come	VERB
epaa-316	345	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	345	23	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	345	24	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	345	25	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	345	26	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	345	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	345	28	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	345	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	345	30	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	345	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	345	32	chung	chung	PROPN
epaa-316	345	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	345	34	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	345	35	frelow	frelow	PROPN
epaa-316	345	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	345	37	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	345	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	345	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	346	2	these	these	DET
epaa-316	346	3	facts	fact	NOUN
epaa-316	346	4	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	346	5	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	346	6	routes	route	NOUN
epaa-316	346	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	346	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	346	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	346	10	added	add	VERB
epaa-316	346	11	to	to	PART
epaa-316	346	12	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	346	13	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	346	14	debunks	debunk	VERB
epaa-316	346	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	346	16	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-316	346	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	346	18	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	346	19	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	346	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	346	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	346	22	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	346	23	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	346	24	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	346	25	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	346	26	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	346	27	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-316	346	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	29	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	346	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	31	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	346	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	33	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	346	34	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	35	gitomer	gitomer	PROPN
epaa-316	346	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	37	latham	latham	PROPN
epaa-316	346	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	346	40	ziomek	ziomek	NOUN
epaa-316	346	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	42	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	346	43	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	44	monk	monk	NOUN
epaa-316	346	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	346	46	king	king	NOUN
epaa-316	346	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	48	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	346	49	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	50	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-316	346	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	52	floden	floden	PROPN
epaa-316	346	53	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	346	54	ferrini	ferrini	ADV
epaa-316	346	55	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	56	mundy	mundy	NOUN
epaa-316	346	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	58	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	346	59	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	346	61	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	346	62	see	see	VERB
epaa-316	346	63	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	346	64	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	346	65	an	an	DET
epaa-316	346	66	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	346	67	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	346	68	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	346	69	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	346	70	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	346	71	seriously	seriously	ADV
epaa-316	346	72	questioned	question	VERB
epaa-316	346	73	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	347	1	17	17	NUM
epaa-316	347	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	347	3	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	347	4	proponents	proponent	NOUN
epaa-316	347	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	347	6	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	347	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	347	8	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	347	9	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	347	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	347	11	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-316	347	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	347	13	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	347	14	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	347	15	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	347	16	attract	attract	VERB
epaa-316	347	17	mostly	mostly	ADV
epaa-316	347	18	twenty	twenty	NUM
epaa-316	347	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	347	20	something	something	PRON
epaa-316	347	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	347	22	white	white	ADJ
epaa-316	347	23	women	woman	NOUN
epaa-316	347	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	347	25	a	a	DET
epaa-316	347	26	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	347	27	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	347	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	347	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	347	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	347	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	347	32	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	347	33	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	347	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	347	35	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	347	36	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	347	37	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	347	38	not	not	PART
epaa-316	347	39	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	347	40	white	white	ADJ
epaa-316	347	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	347	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	347	43	some	some	DET
epaa-316	347	44	commonality	commonality	NOUN
epaa-316	347	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	347	46	similarity	similarity	NOUN
epaa-316	347	47	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	347	48	life	life	NOUN
epaa-316	347	49	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	347	50	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	347	51	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-316	347	52	a	a	DET
epaa-316	347	53	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	347	54	background	background	NOUN
epaa-316	347	55	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	347	56	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	347	57	positions	position	NOUN
epaa-316	347	58	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	347	59	these	these	DET
epaa-316	347	60	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	347	61	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-316	347	62	settings	setting	NOUN
epaa-316	347	63	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	1	proponents	proponent	NOUN
epaa-316	348	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	348	3	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	348	4	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	348	5	correctly	correctly	ADV
epaa-316	348	6	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	348	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	348	8	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	348	9	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	348	10	attract	attract	VERB
epaa-316	348	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	348	12	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	348	13	diverse	diverse	ADJ
epaa-316	348	14	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	348	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	348	16	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-316	348	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	18	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-316	348	19	men	man	NOUN
epaa-316	348	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	21	older	old	ADJ
epaa-316	348	22	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-316	348	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	24	minorities	minority	NOUN
epaa-316	348	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	348	26	retried	retry	VERB
epaa-316	348	27	military	military	ADJ
epaa-316	348	28	personnel	personnel	NOUN
epaa-316	348	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	30	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
epaa-316	348	31	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	348	32	hawk	hawk	PROPN
epaa-316	348	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	34	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	348	35	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	36	eifler	eifler	NOUN
epaa-316	348	37	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	348	38	potthoff	potthoff	NOUN
epaa-316	348	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	40	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	348	41	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	42	hawley	hawley	PROPN
epaa-316	348	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	44	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	348	45	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	46	houston	houston	PROPN
epaa-316	348	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	48	marshall	marshall	PROPN
epaa-316	348	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	50	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	348	51	mcdavid	mcdavid	PROPN
epaa-316	348	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	53	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	348	54	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	55	keltner	keltner	NOUN
epaa-316	348	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	57	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	348	58	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	59	kennedy	kennedy	PROPN
epaa-316	348	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	61	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	348	62	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	63	kwiatkowski	kwiatkowski	PROPN
epaa-316	348	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	65	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	348	66	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	348	67	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	349	1	natriello	natriello	PROPN
epaa-316	349	2	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	349	3	zumwalt	zumwalt	PROPN
epaa-316	349	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	349	5	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	349	6	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	349	7	macdonald	macdonald	PROPN
epaa-316	349	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	349	9	manning	manning	NOUN
epaa-316	349	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	349	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	349	12	gable	gable	ADJ
epaa-316	349	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	349	14	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	349	15	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	349	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	349	17	stoddart	stoddart	PROPN
epaa-316	349	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	349	19	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	349	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	349	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	350	1	wendy	wendy	PROPN
epaa-316	350	2	kopp	kopp	PROPN
epaa-316	350	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	350	4	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	350	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	350	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	350	7	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	350	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	350	9	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	350	10	founder	founder	NOUN
epaa-316	350	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	350	12	notes	note	VERB
epaa-316	350	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	350	14	short	short	ADJ
epaa-316	350	15	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	350	16	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	350	17	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	350	18	allow	allow	VERB
epaa-316	350	19	young	young	ADJ
epaa-316	350	20	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-316	350	21	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	350	22	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	350	23	unsure	unsure	ADJ
epaa-316	350	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	350	25	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	350	26	career	career	NOUN
epaa-316	350	27	options	option	NOUN
epaa-316	350	28	an	an	DET
epaa-316	350	29	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-316	350	30	to	to	PART
epaa-316	350	31	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-316	350	32	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	350	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	351	1	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	351	2	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	351	3	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	351	4	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-316	351	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	351	6	an	an	DET
epaa-316	351	7	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-316	351	8	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	351	9	simple	simple	ADJ
epaa-316	351	10	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	351	11	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	351	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	351	13	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	351	14	allows	allow	VERB
epaa-316	351	15	almost	almost	ADV
epaa-316	351	16	anyone	anyone	PRON
epaa-316	351	17	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	351	18	a	a	DET
epaa-316	351	19	bachelors	bachelor	NOUN
epaa-316	351	20	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	351	21	to	to	PART
epaa-316	351	22	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	351	23	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	351	24	any	any	DET
epaa-316	351	25	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	351	26	to	to	PART
epaa-316	351	27	speak	speak	VERB
epaa-316	351	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	351	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	352	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	352	2	some	some	DET
epaa-316	352	3	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	352	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	352	5	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
epaa-316	352	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	352	7	hawk	hawk	PROPN
epaa-316	352	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	352	9	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	352	10	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	352	11	berry	berry	NOUN
epaa-316	352	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	352	13	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	352	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	352	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	352	16	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-316	352	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	352	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	352	19	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	352	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	352	21	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	352	22	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	352	23	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-316	352	24	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	352	25	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
epaa-316	352	26	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	352	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	352	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	353	1	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
epaa-316	353	2	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	353	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	353	4	tend	tend	VERB
epaa-316	353	5	to	to	PART
epaa-316	353	6	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	353	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	353	8	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-316	353	9	view	view	NOUN
epaa-316	353	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	353	11	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-316	353	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	353	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	353	14	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-316	353	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	353	16	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-316	353	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	353	18	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	353	19	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	353	20	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	353	21	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	353	22	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	353	23	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-316	353	24	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	353	25	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	353	26	experience	experience	VERB
epaa-316	353	27	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-316	353	28	translating	translate	VERB
epaa-316	353	29	content	content	ADJ
epaa-316	353	30	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	353	31	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	353	32	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-316	353	33	information	information	NOUN
epaa-316	353	34	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-316	353	35	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	353	36	to	to	PART
epaa-316	353	37	understand	understand	VERB
epaa-316	353	38	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	353	39	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	353	40	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	353	41	less	less	ADV
epaa-316	353	42	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	353	43	planners	planner	NOUN
epaa-316	353	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	353	45	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-316	353	46	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	353	47	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	353	48	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	353	49	tend	tend	VERB
epaa-316	353	50	not	not	PART
epaa-316	353	51	to	to	PART
epaa-316	353	52	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-316	353	53	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	353	54	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	353	55	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	353	56	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	353	57	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	353	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	354	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	354	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	354	4	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-316	354	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	354	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	354	7	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-316	354	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	354	9	mentoring	mentor	VERB
epaa-316	354	10	support	support	NOUN
epaa-316	354	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	354	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	354	13	given	give	VERB
epaa-316	354	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	354	15	preservice	preservice	NOUN
epaa-316	354	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	354	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	354	18	most	most	ADJ
epaa-316	354	19	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	354	20	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	354	21	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	354	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	23	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-316	354	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	25	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	354	26	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	27	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	354	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	29	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	354	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	31	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	354	32	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	33	mckibbin	mckibbin	PROPN
epaa-316	354	34	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	354	35	ray	ray	PROPN
epaa-316	354	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	37	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	354	38	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	39	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
epaa-316	354	40	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	354	41	hawk	hawk	PROPN
epaa-316	354	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	43	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	354	44	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	45	jelmberg	jelmberg	PROPN
epaa-316	354	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	47	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	354	48	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	49	miles	miles	PROPN
epaa-316	354	50	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	51	nixon	nixon	PROPN
epaa-316	354	52	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	354	53	holloway	holloway	PROPN
epaa-316	354	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	55	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-316	354	56	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	57	berry	berry	NOUN
epaa-316	354	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	59	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	354	60	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	354	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	355	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	355	2	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	355	3	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-316	355	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	355	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	355	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	355	7	extant	extant	ADJ
epaa-316	355	8	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	355	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	355	10	criticism	criticism	NOUN
epaa-316	355	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	355	12	that	that	DET
epaa-316	355	13	poorly	poorly	ADV
epaa-316	355	14	run	run	VERB
epaa-316	355	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	355	16	short	short	ADJ
epaa-316	355	17	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	355	18	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	355	19	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	355	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	355	21	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-316	355	22	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	355	23	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	355	24	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	355	25	not	not	PART
epaa-316	355	26	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	355	27	much	much	ADJ
epaa-316	355	28	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	355	29	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	355	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	355	31	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-316	355	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	355	33	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	355	34	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-316	355	35	not	not	PART
epaa-316	355	36	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	355	37	any	any	ADV
epaa-316	355	38	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	355	39	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	355	40	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-316	355	41	hiring	hire	VERB
epaa-316	355	42	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	355	43	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	355	44	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	355	45	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	355	46	no	no	DET
epaa-316	355	47	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	355	48	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	355	49	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	355	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	356	1	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	356	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	356	3	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	356	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	356	5	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	356	6	familiar	familiar	ADJ
epaa-316	356	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	356	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	356	9	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	356	10	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	356	11	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	356	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	356	13	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	356	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	356	15	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	356	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	356	17	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	356	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	356	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	357	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	357	2	ambitious	ambitious	ADJ
epaa-316	357	3	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	357	4	recruits	recruit	VERB
epaa-316	357	5	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-316	357	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	357	7	top	top	ADJ
epaa-316	357	8	universities	university	NOUN
epaa-316	357	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	357	10	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-316	357	11	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	357	12	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-316	357	13	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	357	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	357	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	357	16	places	place	VERB
epaa-316	357	17	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	357	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	357	19	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	357	20	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	357	21	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	357	22	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	357	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	357	24	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-316	357	25	to	to	PART
epaa-316	357	26	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	357	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	358	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	358	2	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	358	3	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	358	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	358	5	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	358	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	358	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	358	8	all	all	ADV
epaa-316	358	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	358	10	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-316	358	11	rural	rural	ADJ
epaa-316	358	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	358	13	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	358	14	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	358	15	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	358	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	358	17	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	358	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	358	19	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	358	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	358	21	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	358	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	358	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	359	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	359	2	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	359	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	359	4	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	359	5	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	359	6	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	359	7	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	359	8	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	359	9	encouraging	encouraging	ADJ
epaa-316	359	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	360	1	four	four	NUM
epaa-316	360	2	separate	separate	ADJ
epaa-316	360	3	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	360	4	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	360	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	360	6	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	360	7	's	's	PART
epaa-316	360	8	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	360	9	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	360	10	did	do	AUX
epaa-316	360	11	not	not	PART
epaa-316	360	12	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	360	13	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-316	360	14	to	to	PART
epaa-316	360	15	succeed	succeed	VERB
epaa-316	360	16	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	360	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	360	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	360	19	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-316	360	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	360	21	noticeable	noticeable	ADJ
epaa-316	360	22	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
epaa-316	360	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	360	24	enthusiasm	enthusiasm	NOUN
epaa-316	360	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	360	26	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	360	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	360	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	360	29	recruits	recruit	NOUN
epaa-316	360	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	361	1	most	most	ADJ
epaa-316	361	2	criticism	criticism	NOUN
epaa-316	361	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	361	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	361	5	corps	corps	NOUN
epaa-316	361	6	member	member	NOUN
epaa-316	361	7	's	's	PART
epaa-316	361	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	361	9	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-316	361	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	361	11	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	361	12	management	management	NOUN
epaa-316	361	13	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	361	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	361	15	greatest	great	ADJ
epaa-316	361	16	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	361	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	361	18	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-316	361	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	361	20	followed	follow	VERB
epaa-316	361	21	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	361	22	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
epaa-316	361	23	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	361	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	361	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	361	26	fundamentals	fundamental	NOUN
epaa-316	361	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	361	28	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	361	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	361	30	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	361	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	361	32	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	361	33	qualified	qualify	VERB
epaa-316	361	34	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	361	35	the	the	DET
epaa-316	361	36	cooperating	cooperate	VERB
epaa-316	361	37	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	361	38	'	'	PART
epaa-316	361	39	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-316	361	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	361	41	limitations	limitation	NOUN
epaa-316	361	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	361	43	the	the	DET
epaa-316	361	44	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	361	45	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	361	46	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-316	361	47	the	the	DET
epaa-316	361	48	corps	corps	NOUN
epaa-316	361	49	member	member	NOUN
epaa-316	361	50	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	361	51	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-316	361	52	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	361	53	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	361	54	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-316	361	55	to	to	PART
epaa-316	361	56	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	361	57	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-316	361	58	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	361	59	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	361	60	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	361	61	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	361	62	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	361	63	1997a	1997a	NUM
epaa-316	361	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	361	65	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	361	66	310	310	NUM
epaa-316	361	67	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	361	68	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	362	1	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	362	2	an	an	DET
epaa-316	362	3	interview	interview	NOUN
epaa-316	362	4	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	362	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	362	6	stevens	steven	NOUN
epaa-316	362	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	362	8	dial	dial	NOUN
epaa-316	362	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	362	10	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	362	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	362	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	362	13	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	362	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	362	15	apparently	apparently	ADV
epaa-316	362	16	decide	decide	VERB
epaa-316	362	17	to	to	PART
epaa-316	362	18	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	362	19	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	362	20	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	362	21	like	like	VERB
epaa-316	362	22	working	work	VERB
epaa-316	362	23	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	362	24	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	362	25	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	362	26	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	362	27	did	do	AUX
epaa-316	362	28	n't	not	PART
epaa-316	362	29	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	362	30	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	362	31	options	option	NOUN
epaa-316	362	32	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	362	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	362	34	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	362	35	felt	feel	VERB
epaa-316	362	36	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	362	37	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	362	38	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	362	39	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	362	40	best	good	ADJ
epaa-316	362	41	alternative	alternative	NOUN
epaa-316	362	42	given	give	VERB
epaa-316	362	43	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	362	44	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	362	45	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
epaa-316	362	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	362	47	indecisiveness	indecisiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	362	48	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	362	49	the	the	DET
epaa-316	362	50	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	362	51	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	362	52	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	362	53	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	362	54	70	70	NUM
epaa-316	362	55	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	362	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	363	1	18	18	NUM
epaa-316	363	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	363	3	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	363	4	jonathan	jonathan	PROPN
epaa-316	363	5	schorr	schorr	PROPN
epaa-316	363	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	363	7	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	363	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	363	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	363	10	a	a	DET
epaa-316	363	11	former	former	ADJ
epaa-316	363	12	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	363	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	363	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	363	15	describes	describe	VERB
epaa-316	363	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	363	17	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-316	363	18	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	363	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	363	20	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	363	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	363	22	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	363	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	363	24	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	363	25	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	363	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	363	27	received	receive	VERB
epaa-316	363	28	prior	prior	ADV
epaa-316	363	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	363	30	being	be	AUX
epaa-316	363	31	placed	place	VERB
epaa-316	363	32	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	363	33	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	363	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	364	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	364	2	notes	note	VERB
epaa-316	364	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	364	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	364	5	just	just	ADV
epaa-316	364	6	eight	eight	NUM
epaa-316	364	7	weeks	week	NOUN
epaa-316	364	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	364	9	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	364	10	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-316	364	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	364	12	not	not	PART
epaa-316	364	13	enough	enough	ADJ
epaa-316	364	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	364	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	364	16	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	364	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	364	18	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	364	19	316	316	NUM
epaa-316	364	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	364	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	365	1	schorr	schorr	PROPN
epaa-316	365	2	admits	admit	VERB
epaa-316	365	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	365	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	365	5	i	i	PRON
epaa-316	365	6	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	365	7	not	not	PART
epaa-316	365	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	365	9	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-316	365	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	365	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	365	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	365	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	365	14	loss	loss	NOUN
epaa-316	365	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	365	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	365	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	365	18	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	365	19	real	real	ADJ
epaa-316	365	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	365	21	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	365	22	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	365	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	365	24	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	365	25	318	318	NUM
epaa-316	365	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	365	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	366	1	schorr	schorr	PROPN
epaa-316	366	2	offers	offer	VERB
epaa-316	366	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	366	4	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	366	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	366	6	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-316	366	7	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	366	8	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	366	9	makes	make	VERB
epaa-316	366	10	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	366	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	366	12	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	366	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	366	14	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	366	15	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	366	16	1997a	1997a	NUM
epaa-316	366	17	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	366	18	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	366	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	366	20	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-316	366	21	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-316	366	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	366	23	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	366	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	366	25	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-316	366	26	due	due	ADP
epaa-316	366	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	366	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	366	29	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	366	30	's	's	PART
epaa-316	366	31	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-316	366	32	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	366	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	366	34	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-316	366	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	366	36	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-316	366	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	366	38	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	366	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	366	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	366	41	the	the	DET
epaa-316	366	42	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-316	366	43	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	366	44	such	such	DET
epaa-316	366	45	a	a	DET
epaa-316	366	46	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	366	47	perpetuates	perpetuate	VERB
epaa-316	366	48	the	the	DET
epaa-316	366	49	placement	placement	NOUN
epaa-316	366	50	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	366	51	poorly	poorly	ADV
epaa-316	366	52	trained	train	VERB
epaa-316	366	53	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	366	54	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	366	55	the	the	DET
epaa-316	366	56	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	366	57	needy	needy	ADJ
epaa-316	366	58	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	366	59	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	366	60	the	the	DET
epaa-316	366	61	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-316	366	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	367	1	raymond	raymond	PROPN
epaa-316	367	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	367	3	fletcher	fletcher	PROPN
epaa-316	367	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	367	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	367	6	luque	luque	PROPN
epaa-316	367	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	367	8	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	367	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	367	10	conducting	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	367	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	367	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	367	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	367	14	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	367	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	367	16	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	367	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	367	18	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	367	19	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-316	367	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	367	21	credo	credo	NOUN
epaa-316	367	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	367	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	367	24	released	release	VERB
epaa-316	367	25	a	a	DET
epaa-316	367	26	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	367	27	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	367	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	367	29	teach	teach	NOUN
epaa-316	367	30	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	367	31	american	american	ADJ
epaa-316	367	32	program	program	PROPN
epaa-316	367	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	367	34	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-316	367	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	368	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	368	2	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	368	3	compares	compare	VERB
epaa-316	368	4	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	368	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	368	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	368	7	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-316	368	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	368	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	368	10	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	368	11	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	368	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	368	13	taas	taas	NOUN
epaa-316	368	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	368	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	368	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	368	17	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	368	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	368	19	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	368	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	368	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	368	22	non	non	ADJ
epaa-316	368	23	-	-	ADJ
epaa-316	368	24	tfa	tfa	ADJ
epaa-316	368	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	368	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	368	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	368	28	lauded	laud	VERB
epaa-316	368	29	the	the	DET
epaa-316	368	30	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	368	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	368	32	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	368	33	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	368	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	369	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	369	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	369	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	369	4	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	369	5	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-316	369	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	369	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	369	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	369	9	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	369	10	's	's	PART
epaa-316	369	11	future	future	NOUN
epaa-316	369	12	released	release	VERB
epaa-316	369	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	369	14	response	response	NOUN
epaa-316	369	15	outlining	outline	VERB
epaa-316	369	16	serious	serious	ADJ
epaa-316	369	17	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-316	369	18	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	369	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	369	20	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	369	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	369	22	see	see	VERB
epaa-316	369	23	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	369	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	369	25	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	369	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	369	27	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	369	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	369	29	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	369	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	369	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	370	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	370	2	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	370	3	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	370	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	370	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	370	6	criticisms	criticism	NOUN
epaa-316	370	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	370	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	370	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	370	10	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	370	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	370	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	370	13	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	370	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	370	15	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	370	16	never	never	ADV
epaa-316	370	17	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	370	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	370	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	370	20	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	370	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	370	22	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-316	370	23	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	370	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	370	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	371	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	371	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-316	371	3	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	371	4	to	to	PART
epaa-316	371	5	assess	assess	VERB
epaa-316	371	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	371	7	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	371	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	371	9	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	371	10	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	371	11	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	371	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	371	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	371	14	some	some	PRON
epaa-316	371	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	371	16	whom	whom	PRON
epaa-316	371	17	did	do	AUX
epaa-316	371	18	n't	not	PART
epaa-316	371	19	even	even	ADV
epaa-316	371	20	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	371	21	four	four	NUM
epaa-316	371	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	371	23	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	371	24	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	371	25	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	371	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	372	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	372	2	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	372	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	372	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	372	5	noted	note	VERB
epaa-316	372	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	372	7	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	372	8	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	372	9	tried	try	VERB
epaa-316	372	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	372	11	access	access	VERB
epaa-316	372	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	372	13	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	372	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	372	15	this	this	DET
epaa-316	372	16	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	372	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	372	18	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	372	19	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	372	20	informed	inform	VERB
epaa-316	372	21	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	372	22	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-316	372	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	372	24	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	372	25	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	372	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	372	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	372	28	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-316	372	29	school	school	PROPN
epaa-316	372	30	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	372	31	responsible	responsible	ADJ
epaa-316	372	32	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	372	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	372	34	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	372	35	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	372	36	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	372	37	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	372	38	not	not	PART
epaa-316	372	39	available	available	ADJ
epaa-316	372	40	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	372	41	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-316	372	42	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	372	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	373	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	373	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	373	3	told	tell	VERB
epaa-316	373	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	373	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	373	6	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	373	7	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	373	8	not	not	PART
epaa-316	373	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	373	10	property	property	NOUN
epaa-316	373	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	373	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	373	13	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	373	14	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	373	15	reported	report	VERB
epaa-316	373	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	373	17	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	373	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	373	19	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-316	373	20	did	do	AUX
epaa-316	373	21	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	373	22	belong	belong	VERB
epaa-316	373	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	373	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	373	25	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	373	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	373	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	373	28	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	373	29	neither	neither	PRON
epaa-316	373	30	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	373	31	a	a	DET
epaa-316	373	32	complete	complete	ADJ
epaa-316	373	33	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	373	34	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	373	35	to	to	PART
epaa-316	373	36	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	373	37	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	373	38	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-316	373	39	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	373	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	374	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	374	2	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	374	3	opinion	opinion	NOUN
epaa-316	374	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	374	5	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-316	374	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	374	7	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	374	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	374	9	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-316	374	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	374	11	regard	regard	VERB
epaa-316	374	12	this	this	DET
epaa-316	374	13	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	374	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	374	15	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
epaa-316	374	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	374	17	given	give	VERB
epaa-316	374	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	374	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	374	20	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-316	374	21	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	374	22	to	to	PART
epaa-316	374	23	assess	assess	VERB
epaa-316	374	24	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	374	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	374	26	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	374	27	faulty	faulty	ADJ
epaa-316	374	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	374	29	the	the	DET
epaa-316	374	30	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	374	31	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	374	32	not	not	PART
epaa-316	374	33	available	available	ADJ
epaa-316	374	34	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	374	35	verification	verification	NOUN
epaa-316	374	36	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	374	37	replication	replication	NOUN
epaa-316	374	38	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	374	39	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	374	40	scientists	scientist	NOUN
epaa-316	374	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	374	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	374	43	the	the	DET
epaa-316	374	44	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	374	45	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	374	46	not	not	PART
epaa-316	374	47	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	374	48	published	publish	VERB
epaa-316	374	49	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	374	50	a	a	DET
epaa-316	374	51	peer	peer	NOUN
epaa-316	374	52	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	374	53	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-316	374	54	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	374	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	375	1	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	375	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	375	3	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	375	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	375	5	this	this	DET
epaa-316	375	6	section	section	NOUN
epaa-316	375	7	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	375	8	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-316	375	9	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	375	10	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	375	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	375	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	375	13	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	375	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	375	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	375	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	375	17	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-316	375	18	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	375	19	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	375	20	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-316	375	21	enormously	enormously	ADV
epaa-316	375	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	375	23	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	375	24	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	375	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	375	26	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	375	27	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	375	28	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	375	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	376	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	376	2	holmes	holmes	PROPN
epaa-316	376	3	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	376	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	376	5	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-316	376	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	376	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	376	8	active	active	ADJ
epaa-316	376	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	376	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	376	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	376	12	reforms	reform	NOUN
epaa-316	376	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	376	14	reports	report	VERB
epaa-316	376	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	376	16	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-316	376	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	376	18	consists	consist	VERB
epaa-316	376	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	376	20	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	376	21	elements	element	NOUN
epaa-316	376	22	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	376	23	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	376	24	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	376	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	376	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	376	27	systematic	systematic	ADJ
epaa-316	376	28	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	376	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	376	30	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	376	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	376	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	376	33	reflection	reflection	NOUN
epaa-316	376	34	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	376	35	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	376	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	377	1	members	member	NOUN
epaa-316	377	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	377	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	377	4	holmes	holmes	PROPN
epaa-316	377	5	group	group	PROPN
epaa-316	377	6	defended	defend	VERB
epaa-316	377	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	377	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	377	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	377	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	377	11	universities	university	NOUN
epaa-316	377	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	377	13	arguing	argue	VERB
epaa-316	377	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	377	15	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	377	16	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	377	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	377	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	377	19	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-316	377	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	377	21	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	377	22	people	people	NOUN
epaa-316	377	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	377	24	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-316	377	25	integrate	integrate	VERB
epaa-316	377	26	these	these	DET
epaa-316	377	27	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	377	28	elements	element	NOUN
epaa-316	377	29	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	377	30	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	377	31	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	377	32	lives	life	NOUN
epaa-316	377	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	378	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	378	2	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	378	3	defense	defense	NOUN
epaa-316	378	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	378	5	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	378	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	378	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	378	8	entering	enter	VERB
epaa-316	378	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	378	10	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	378	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	378	12	university	university	NOUN
epaa-316	378	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	378	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	378	15	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	378	16	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	378	17	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-316	378	18	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	378	19	academically	academically	ADV
epaa-316	378	20	able	able	ADJ
epaa-316	378	21	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	378	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	378	23	average	average	ADJ
epaa-316	378	24	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	378	25	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	378	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	378	27	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	378	28	unlicensed	unlicensed	ADJ
epaa-316	378	29	entrants	entrant	NOUN
epaa-316	378	30	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	378	31	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	378	32	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	378	33	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	378	34	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	378	35	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-316	378	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	378	37	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	378	38	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	378	39	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	378	40	most	most	ADJ
epaa-316	378	41	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	378	42	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	378	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	378	44	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	378	45	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	378	46	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	378	47	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	378	48	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	378	49	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	378	50	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	378	51	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	378	52	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	378	53	the	the	DET
epaa-316	378	54	university	university	NOUN
epaa-316	378	55	to	to	PART
epaa-316	378	56	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	378	57	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	378	58	gitomer	gitomer	PROPN
epaa-316	378	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	378	60	latham	latham	PROPN
epaa-316	378	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	378	62	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	378	63	ziomek	ziomek	PROPN
epaa-316	378	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	378	65	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	378	66	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	378	67	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	379	2	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-316	379	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	5	reviews	review	NOUN
epaa-316	379	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	379	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	379	8	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	379	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	379	10	past	past	ADJ
epaa-316	379	11	thirty	thirty	NUM
epaa-316	379	12	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	379	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	14	summarizing	summarize	VERB
epaa-316	379	15	hundreds	hundred	NOUN
epaa-316	379	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	379	17	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	379	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	19	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	379	20	concluded	conclude	VERB
epaa-316	379	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	379	22	even	even	ADV
epaa-316	379	23	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	379	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	379	25	shortcomings	shortcoming	NOUN
epaa-316	379	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	379	27	current	current	ADJ
epaa-316	379	28	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	379	29	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	379	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	379	31	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-316	379	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	33	fully	fully	ADV
epaa-316	379	34	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-316	379	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	379	36	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	379	37	teaches	teach	NOUN
epaa-316	379	38	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	379	39	better	well	ADV
epaa-316	379	40	rated	rate	VERB
epaa-316	379	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	379	42	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	379	43	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-316	379	44	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	379	45	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	379	46	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	379	47	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	379	48	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	379	49	this	this	DET
epaa-316	379	50	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	379	51	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	52	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	53	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	379	54	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	55	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	379	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	57	1997a	1997a	NUM
epaa-316	379	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	59	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	379	60	308	308	NUM
epaa-316	379	61	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	62	evertson	evertson	NOUN
epaa-316	379	63	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-316	379	64	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	379	65	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	380	1	apparently	apparently	ADV
epaa-316	380	2	disregarding	disregard	VERB
epaa-316	380	3	this	this	DET
epaa-316	380	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	380	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	380	6	former	former	ADJ
epaa-316	380	7	secretary	secretary	PROPN
epaa-316	380	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	380	9	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	380	10	chester	chester	PROPN
epaa-316	380	11	finn	finn	PROPN
epaa-316	380	12	proposes	propose	VERB
epaa-316	380	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	380	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	380	15	common	common	ADJ
epaa-316	380	16	sense	sense	NOUN
epaa-316	380	17	route	route	NOUN
epaa-316	380	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	380	19	boosting	boost	VERB
epaa-316	380	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	380	21	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	380	22	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	380	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	380	24	simplify	simplify	VERB
epaa-316	380	25	entry	entry	NOUN
epaa-316	380	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	380	27	hiring	hiring	NOUN
epaa-316	380	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	381	1	fundamentally	fundamentally	ADV
epaa-316	381	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	381	3	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	381	4	argues	argue	VERB
epaa-316	381	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	381	6	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	381	7	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	381	8	let	let	VERB
epaa-316	381	9	anyone	anyone	PRON
epaa-316	381	10	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	381	11	wants	want	VERB
epaa-316	381	12	to	to	PART
epaa-316	381	13	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	381	14	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	381	15	so	so	ADV
epaa-316	381	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	381	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	381	18	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-316	381	19	deregulate	deregulate	VERB
epaa-316	381	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	381	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	381	22	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	381	23	process	process	NOUN
epaa-316	381	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	381	25	kanstroom	kanstroom	NOUN
epaa-316	381	26	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	381	27	19	19	NUM
epaa-316	381	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	381	29	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	381	30	finn	finn	PROPN
epaa-316	381	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	381	32	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	381	33	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	381	34	finn	finn	PROPN
epaa-316	381	35	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	381	36	kanstroom	kanstroom	PROPN
epaa-316	381	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	381	38	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	381	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	381	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	382	1	finn	finn	PROPN
epaa-316	382	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	382	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	382	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	382	5	president	president	NOUN
epaa-316	382	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	382	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	382	8	foundation	foundation	NOUN
epaa-316	382	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	382	10	helped	help	VERB
epaa-316	382	11	support	support	VERB
epaa-316	382	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	382	13	unverifiable	unverifiable	ADJ
epaa-316	382	14	raymond	raymond	NOUN
epaa-316	382	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	382	16	fletcher	fletcher	PROPN
epaa-316	382	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	382	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	382	19	luque	luque	PROPN
epaa-316	382	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	382	21	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	382	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	382	23	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	382	24	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	382	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	382	26	so	so	ADV
epaa-316	382	27	supportive	supportive	ADJ
epaa-316	382	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	382	29	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	382	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	382	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	383	1	nationally	nationally	ADV
epaa-316	383	2	syndicated	syndicate	VERB
epaa-316	383	3	conservative	conservative	ADJ
epaa-316	383	4	columnist	columnist	NOUN
epaa-316	383	5	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-316	383	6	sowell	sowell	PROPN
epaa-316	383	7	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	383	8	finn	finn	PROPN
epaa-316	383	9	's	's	PART
epaa-316	383	10	position	position	NOUN
epaa-316	383	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	384	1	sowell	sowell	PROPN
epaa-316	384	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	384	3	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	384	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	384	5	says	say	VERB
epaa-316	384	6	bluntly	bluntly	ADV
epaa-316	384	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	384	8	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	384	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	384	10	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	384	11	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-316	384	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	384	13	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	384	14	drivel	drivel	NOUN
epaa-316	384	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	384	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	384	17	falsely	falsely	ADV
epaa-316	384	18	reports	report	VERB
epaa-316	384	19	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	384	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	384	21	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	384	22	record	record	NOUN
epaa-316	384	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	384	24	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	384	25	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	384	26	enter	enter	VERB
epaa-316	384	27	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	384	28	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	384	29	the	the	DET
epaa-316	384	30	university	university	NOUN
epaa-316	384	31	route	route	NOUN
epaa-316	384	32	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	384	33	deficient	deficient	ADJ
epaa-316	384	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	384	35	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-316	384	36	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	384	37	almost	almost	ADV
epaa-316	384	38	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	384	39	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	384	40	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	384	41	majors	major	NOUN
epaa-316	384	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	385	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	385	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	385	3	martialed	martiale	VERB
epaa-316	385	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	385	5	support	support	NOUN
epaa-316	385	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	385	7	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-316	385	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	385	9	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	385	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	385	11	includes	include	VERB
epaa-316	385	12	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	385	13	demonstrating	demonstrating	NOUN
epaa-316	386	1	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	386	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	386	3	hired	hire	VERB
epaa-316	386	4	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	386	5	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	386	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	386	7	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	386	8	partial	partial	ADJ
epaa-316	386	9	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	386	10	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	386	11	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-316	386	12	meeting	meet	VERB
epaa-316	386	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	386	14	needs	need	NOUN
epaa-316	386	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	386	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	386	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	386	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	386	19	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	386	20	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	386	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	387	1	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	387	2	individuals	individual	NOUN
epaa-316	387	3	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	387	4	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	387	5	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-316	387	6	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	387	7	fully	fully	ADV
epaa-316	387	8	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	387	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	387	10	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	387	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	387	12	accomplishing	accomplish	VERB
epaa-316	387	13	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	387	14	day	day	NOUN
epaa-316	387	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	387	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	387	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	387	18	day	day	NOUN
epaa-316	387	19	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	387	20	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	387	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	387	22	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	387	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	387	24	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	387	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	387	26	1997a	1997a	NUM
epaa-316	387	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	387	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	388	1	prospective	prospective	ADJ
epaa-316	388	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	388	3	apparently	apparently	ADV
epaa-316	388	4	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-316	388	5	better	well	ADV
epaa-316	388	6	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	388	7	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	388	8	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	388	9	completed	complete	VERB
epaa-316	388	10	a	a	DET
epaa-316	388	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	388	12	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	388	13	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	388	14	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-316	388	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	388	16	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	388	17	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	388	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	388	19	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	388	20	course	course	NOUN
epaa-316	388	21	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	388	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	388	23	including	include	VERB
epaa-316	388	24	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-316	388	25	theories	theory	NOUN
epaa-316	388	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	388	27	developmental	developmental	ADJ
epaa-316	388	28	theories	theory	NOUN
epaa-316	388	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	388	30	theories	theory	NOUN
epaa-316	388	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	388	32	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-316	388	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	388	34	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	388	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	388	36	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	388	37	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	388	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	388	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	388	40	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	388	41	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	388	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-316	389	2	variations	variation	NOUN
epaa-316	389	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	389	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	389	5	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
epaa-316	389	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	7	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-316	389	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	389	9	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	389	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	389	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	389	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	389	13	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	389	14	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	389	15	enormous	enormous	ADJ
epaa-316	389	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	17	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	389	18	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
epaa-316	389	19	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	389	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	389	21	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	389	22	versions	version	NOUN
epaa-316	389	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	389	24	this	this	DET
epaa-316	389	25	form	form	NOUN
epaa-316	389	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	389	27	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	389	28	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	389	29	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-316	389	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	389	31	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-316	389	32	adequately	adequately	ADV
epaa-316	389	33	trained	train	VERB
epaa-316	389	34	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	389	35	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	389	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	389	37	complexity	complexity	NOUN
epaa-316	389	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	389	39	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	389	40	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-316	389	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	42	ashton	ashton	PROPN
epaa-316	389	43	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	389	44	crocker	crocker	PROPN
epaa-316	389	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	46	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-316	389	47	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	48	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	389	49	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	50	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	389	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	52	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	389	53	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	54	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-316	389	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	56	floden	floden	PROPN
epaa-316	389	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	58	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	389	59	ferrini	ferrini	ADV
epaa-316	389	60	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	61	mundy	mundy	NOUN
epaa-316	389	62	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	63	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	389	64	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	389	65	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	390	1	mcdiarmid	mcdiarmid	PROPN
epaa-316	390	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	390	3	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-316	390	4	's	's	PART
epaa-316	390	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	390	6	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	390	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	390	8	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	390	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	390	10	relevant	relevant	ADJ
epaa-316	390	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	390	12	this	this	DET
epaa-316	390	13	point	point	NOUN
epaa-316	390	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	391	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	391	2	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-316	391	3	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	391	4	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	391	5	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	391	6	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	391	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	391	8	not	not	PART
epaa-316	391	9	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-316	391	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	391	11	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	391	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	391	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	391	14	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	391	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	391	16	concepts	concept	NOUN
epaa-316	391	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	391	18	these	these	DET
epaa-316	391	19	fields	field	NOUN
epaa-316	391	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	391	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	391	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	392	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	392	2	did	do	VERB
epaa-316	392	3	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	392	4	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	392	5	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	392	6	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	392	7	majors	major	NOUN
epaa-316	392	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	392	9	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	392	10	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	392	11	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	392	12	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	392	13	stressed	stress	VERB
epaa-316	392	14	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	392	15	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	392	16	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	392	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	392	18	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	392	19	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	392	20	those	those	DET
epaa-316	392	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	392	22	had	have	AUX
epaa-316	392	23	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-316	392	24	held	hold	VERB
epaa-316	392	25	misconceptions	misconception	NOUN
epaa-316	392	26	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	392	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	392	28	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	392	29	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	392	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	392	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	392	32	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-316	392	33	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-316	392	34	to	to	PART
epaa-316	392	35	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	392	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	392	37	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	392	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	393	1	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	393	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	393	3	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	393	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	393	5	these	these	DET
epaa-316	393	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	393	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	393	8	unable	unable	ADJ
epaa-316	393	9	to	to	PART
epaa-316	393	10	integrate	integrate	VERB
epaa-316	393	11	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	393	12	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	393	13	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	393	14	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	393	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	393	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	393	17	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	393	18	to	to	PART
epaa-316	393	19	allow	allow	VERB
epaa-316	393	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	393	21	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	393	22	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-316	393	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	394	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	394	2	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	394	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	394	4	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	394	5	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	394	6	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	394	7	lacking	lack	VERB
epaa-316	394	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	394	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	394	10	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-316	394	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	394	12	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	394	13	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	394	14	unable	unable	ADJ
epaa-316	394	15	to	to	PART
epaa-316	394	16	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	394	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	394	18	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-316	394	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-316	394	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	394	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	394	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	395	1	another	another	DET
epaa-316	395	2	aspect	aspect	NOUN
epaa-316	395	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	395	4	good	good	ADJ
epaa-316	395	5	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	395	6	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	395	7	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	395	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	395	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	395	10	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	395	11	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	395	12	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	395	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	395	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	395	15	preservice	preservice	NOUN
epaa-316	395	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	395	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	395	18	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	395	19	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-316	395	20	under	under	ADP
epaa-316	395	21	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-316	395	22	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-316	395	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	395	24	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	395	25	continued	continued	ADJ
epaa-316	395	26	mentoring	mentoring	NOUN
epaa-316	395	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	396	1	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	396	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	396	3	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	396	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	396	5	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	396	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	396	7	notes	note	VERB
epaa-316	396	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	396	9	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	396	10	need	need	VERB
epaa-316	396	11	to	to	PART
epaa-316	396	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	396	13	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-316	396	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	396	15	context	context	NOUN
epaa-316	396	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	396	17	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-316	396	18	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	396	19	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	396	20	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	396	21	practiced	practice	VERB
epaa-316	396	22	under	under	ADP
epaa-316	396	23	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-316	396	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	397	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	397	2	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	397	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	397	4	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	397	5	allows	allow	VERB
epaa-316	397	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	397	7	preservice	preservice	NOUN
epaa-316	397	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	397	9	to	to	PART
epaa-316	397	10	transform	transform	VERB
epaa-316	397	11	information	information	NOUN
epaa-316	397	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	397	13	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-316	397	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	397	15	order	order	NOUN
epaa-316	397	16	to	to	PART
epaa-316	397	17	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-316	397	18	its	its	PRON
epaa-316	397	19	character	character	NOUN
epaa-316	397	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	397	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	397	22	context	context	NOUN
epaa-316	397	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	397	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	397	25	real	real	ADJ
epaa-316	397	26	world	world	NOUN
epaa-316	397	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	397	28	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	397	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	397	30	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	397	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	398	1	jelmberg	jelmberg	PROPN
epaa-316	398	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	398	3	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	398	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	398	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	398	6	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-316	398	7	above	above	ADV
epaa-316	398	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	398	9	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	398	10	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-316	398	11	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	398	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	398	13	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	398	14	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
epaa-316	398	15	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	398	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	398	17	'	'	PART
epaa-316	398	18	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	398	19	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	398	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	398	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	398	22	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	398	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	399	1	his	his	PRON
epaa-316	399	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	399	3	showed	show	VERB
epaa-316	399	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	399	5	experienced	experienced	ADJ
epaa-316	399	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	399	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	399	8	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	399	9	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	399	10	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	399	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	399	12	rated	rate	VERB
epaa-316	399	13	higher	higher	ADV
epaa-316	399	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	399	15	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-316	399	16	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	399	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	399	18	planning	planning	NOUN
epaa-316	399	19	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	399	20	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	399	21	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-316	399	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	399	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	399	24	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-316	399	25	better	well	ADV
epaa-316	399	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	399	27	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	399	28	did	do	AUX
epaa-316	399	29	experienced	experience	VERB
epaa-316	399	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	399	31	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	399	32	came	come	VERB
epaa-316	399	33	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	399	34	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	399	35	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	399	36	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	399	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	400	1	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	400	2	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	400	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	400	4	reviews	review	NOUN
epaa-316	400	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	400	6	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	400	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	400	8	above	above	ADV
epaa-316	400	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	400	10	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	400	11	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	400	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	400	13	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	400	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	400	15	some	some	PRON
epaa-316	400	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	400	17	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	400	18	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	400	19	enough	enough	ADJ
epaa-316	400	20	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	400	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	400	22	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-316	400	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	400	24	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-316	400	25	full	full	ADJ
epaa-316	400	26	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	400	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	400	28	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	400	29	others	other	NOUN
epaa-316	400	30	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	400	31	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-316	400	32	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	400	33	resulting	result	VERB
epaa-316	400	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	400	35	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-316	400	36	receiving	receive	VERB
epaa-316	400	37	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-316	400	38	a	a	DET
epaa-316	400	39	provisional	provisional	ADJ
epaa-316	400	40	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	400	41	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	400	42	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	400	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	401	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	401	2	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-316	401	3	above	above	ADV
epaa-316	401	4	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	401	5	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	401	6	fully	fully	ADV
epaa-316	401	7	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	401	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	401	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	401	10	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	401	11	another	another	DET
epaa-316	401	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	401	13	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
epaa-316	401	14	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	401	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	401	16	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	401	17	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	401	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	401	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	401	20	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	401	21	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	401	22	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	401	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	401	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	401	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	401	26	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	401	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	402	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	402	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	402	3	little	little	ADJ
epaa-316	402	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	402	5	comparing	compare	VERB
epaa-316	402	6	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	402	7	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	402	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	402	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	402	10	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-316	402	11	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	402	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	402	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	403	1	20	20	NUM
epaa-316	403	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	403	3	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	403	4	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	403	5	certificates	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	403	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	403	7	issued	issue	VERB
epaa-316	403	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	403	9	prospective	prospective	ADJ
epaa-316	403	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	403	11	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	403	12	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	403	13	met	meet	VERB
epaa-316	403	14	some	some	PRON
epaa-316	403	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	403	16	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	403	17	not	not	PART
epaa-316	403	18	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	403	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	403	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	403	21	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	403	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	403	23	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	403	24	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	403	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	404	1	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-316	404	2	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	404	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	404	4	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	404	5	a	a	DET
epaa-316	404	6	bachelor	bachelor	NOUN
epaa-316	404	7	's	's	PART
epaa-316	404	8	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	404	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	404	10	a	a	DET
epaa-316	404	11	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-316	404	12	score	score	NOUN
epaa-316	404	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	404	14	a	a	DET
epaa-316	404	15	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	404	16	exam	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	404	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	405	1	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	405	2	certificates	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	405	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	405	4	issued	issue	VERB
epaa-316	405	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	405	6	a	a	DET
epaa-316	405	7	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-316	405	8	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	405	9	period	period	NOUN
epaa-316	405	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	405	11	usually	usually	ADV
epaa-316	405	12	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	405	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	405	14	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	405	15	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	405	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	406	1	some	some	DET
epaa-316	406	2	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	406	3	allow	allow	VERB
epaa-316	406	4	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-316	406	5	these	these	PRON
epaa-316	406	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	406	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	406	8	renewed	renew	VERB
epaa-316	406	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	406	10	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	406	11	others	other	NOUN
epaa-316	406	12	states	state	VERB
epaa-316	406	13	issue	issue	VERB
epaa-316	406	14	a	a	DET
epaa-316	406	15	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	406	16	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	406	17	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	406	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	406	19	nonrenewable	nonrenewable	ADJ
epaa-316	406	20	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	406	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	407	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	407	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	407	3	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	407	4	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	407	5	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	407	6	waiver	waiver	NOUN
epaa-316	407	7	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	407	8	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	407	9	available	available	ADJ
epaa-316	407	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	407	11	39	39	NUM
epaa-316	407	12	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	407	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	407	14	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-316	407	15	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	407	16	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	407	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	407	18	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	407	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	407	20	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	407	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	407	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	408	1	sixteen	sixteen	NUM
epaa-316	408	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	408	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	408	4	39	39	NUM
epaa-316	408	5	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	408	6	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	408	7	waiver	waiver	NOUN
epaa-316	408	8	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	408	9	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-316	408	10	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	408	11	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	408	12	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	408	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	408	14	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	408	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	408	16	population	population	NOUN
epaa-316	408	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	408	18	eight	eight	NUM
epaa-316	408	19	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	408	20	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	408	21	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	408	22	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	408	23	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	408	24	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	408	25	some	some	PRON
epaa-316	408	26	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	408	27	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	408	28	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	408	29	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	408	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	408	31	17	17	NUM
epaa-316	408	32	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	408	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	1	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	409	2	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	409	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	409	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	409	5	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	409	6	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-316	409	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	409	8	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	409	9	hired	hire	VERB
epaa-316	409	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	409	11	already	already	ADV
epaa-316	409	12	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	409	13	performing	performing	NOUN
epaa-316	409	14	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	409	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	16	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	409	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	409	18	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-316	409	19	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	409	20	ses	se	NOUN
epaa-316	409	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	409	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	23	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	409	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	409	25	rural	rural	ADJ
epaa-316	409	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	409	27	inner	inner	ADJ
epaa-316	409	28	city	city	NOUN
epaa-316	409	29	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	409	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	409	32	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	409	33	positions	position	NOUN
epaa-316	409	34	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	409	35	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	409	36	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-316	409	37	to	to	PART
epaa-316	409	38	fill	fill	VERB
epaa-316	409	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	40	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	409	41	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	42	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	409	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	44	1997a	1997a	NUM
epaa-316	409	45	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	46	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	409	47	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	48	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	409	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	50	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	409	51	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	52	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	409	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	54	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	409	55	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	56	gitomer	gitomer	PROPN
epaa-316	409	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	58	latham	latham	PROPN
epaa-316	409	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	60	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	409	61	ziomek	ziomek	PROPN
epaa-316	409	62	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	63	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	409	64	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	409	65	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	1	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-316	410	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	410	3	poverty	poverty	NOUN
epaa-316	410	4	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	410	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	410	6	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	410	7	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-316	410	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	410	9	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	410	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	410	11	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	410	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	410	13	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	410	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	410	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	17	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	410	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	410	19	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	410	20	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	410	21	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	410	22	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	410	23	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	410	24	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	410	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	410	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	27	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	410	28	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	410	29	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	410	30	some	some	DET
epaa-316	410	31	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	410	32	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	410	33	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-316	410	34	to	to	PART
epaa-316	410	35	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	410	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	410	37	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	38	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-316	410	39	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	410	40	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	41	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	410	42	most	most	ADJ
epaa-316	410	43	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	410	44	constitutions	constitution	NOUN
epaa-316	410	45	require	require	VERB
epaa-316	410	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	47	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	410	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	49	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	410	50	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	51	hirsh	hirsh	NOUN
epaa-316	410	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	53	koppich	koppich	PROPN
epaa-316	410	54	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	410	55	knapp	knapp	PROPN
epaa-316	410	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	57	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	410	58	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	59	rivkin	rivkin	X
epaa-316	410	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	410	61	et	et	NOUN
epaa-316	410	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	411	1	al	al	PROPN
epaa-316	411	2	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	411	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	411	4	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	411	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	411	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	412	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	412	2	now	now	ADV
epaa-316	412	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	412	4	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-316	412	5	government	government	NOUN
epaa-316	412	6	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	412	7	waded	wade	VERB
epaa-316	412	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	412	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	412	10	this	this	DET
epaa-316	412	11	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	412	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	412	13	requiring	require	VERB
epaa-316	412	14	a	a	DET
epaa-316	412	15	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	412	16	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	412	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	412	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	412	19	every	every	DET
epaa-316	412	20	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	412	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	412	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	412	23	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	412	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	412	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	412	26	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	412	27	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	412	28	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	412	29	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	412	30	sure	sure	ADJ
epaa-316	412	31	to	to	PART
epaa-316	412	32	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	412	33	questioned	question	VERB
epaa-316	412	34	further	far	ADV
epaa-316	412	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	413	1	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	413	2	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	413	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	413	4	justified	justify	VERB
epaa-316	413	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	413	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	413	7	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-316	413	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	413	9	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	413	10	arguments	argument	NOUN
epaa-316	413	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	414	1	first	first	ADV
epaa-316	414	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	414	3	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	414	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	414	5	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-316	414	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	414	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	414	8	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	414	9	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	414	10	a	a	DET
epaa-316	414	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	414	12	shortage	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	414	13	requiring	require	VERB
epaa-316	414	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	414	15	states	state	VERB
epaa-316	414	16	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	414	17	certify	certify	NOUN
epaa-316	414	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	414	19	to	to	PART
epaa-316	414	20	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	414	21	enough	enough	ADJ
epaa-316	414	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	414	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	414	24	every	every	DET
epaa-316	414	25	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	414	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	415	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	415	3	shortage	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	415	4	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	415	5	not	not	PART
epaa-316	415	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	415	7	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	415	8	severe	severe	ADJ
epaa-316	415	9	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	415	10	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	415	11	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-316	415	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	13	feistritzer	feistritzer	NOUN
epaa-316	415	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	15	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	415	16	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	17	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	415	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	19	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-316	415	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	21	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	415	22	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	23	ballou	ballou	PROPN
epaa-316	415	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	25	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	415	26	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	27	hirsh	hirsh	NOUN
epaa-316	415	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	29	koppich	koppich	NOUN
epaa-316	415	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	31	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	415	32	knapp	knapp	PROPN
epaa-316	415	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	34	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	415	35	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	36	hardy	hardy	ADJ
epaa-316	415	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	38	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	415	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	415	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	416	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	416	2	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	416	3	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	416	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	416	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	416	6	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	416	7	indicates	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	416	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	416	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	416	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	416	11	force	force	NOUN
epaa-316	416	12	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	416	13	grow	grow	VERB
epaa-316	416	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	416	15	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	416	16	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	416	17	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	416	18	million	million	NUM
epaa-316	416	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	416	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	416	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	416	22	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	416	23	2008	2008	NUM
epaa-316	416	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	416	25	us	us	PROPN
epaa-316	416	26	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	416	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	416	28	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	416	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	416	30	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	416	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	416	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	417	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	417	2	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	417	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	417	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	417	5	misconception	misconception	NOUN
epaa-316	417	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	417	7	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-316	417	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	417	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	417	10	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	417	11	need	need	VERB
epaa-316	417	12	to	to	PART
epaa-316	417	13	train	train	VERB
epaa-316	417	14	millions	million	NOUN
epaa-316	417	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	417	16	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	417	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	417	18	to	to	PART
epaa-316	417	19	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-316	417	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	417	21	needs	need	NOUN
epaa-316	417	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	417	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	417	24	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	417	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	1	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	418	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	3	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	418	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	5	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-316	418	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	418	7	hardy	hardy	ADJ
epaa-316	418	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	9	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	418	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	11	believes	believe	VERB
epaa-316	418	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	418	13	this	this	DET
epaa-316	418	14	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-316	418	15	shortage	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	418	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	418	17	not	not	PART
epaa-316	418	18	universal	universal	ADJ
epaa-316	418	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	20	claiming	claim	VERB
epaa-316	418	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	418	22	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	23	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	418	24	are	be	VERB
epaa-316	418	25	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	418	26	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	418	27	experience	experience	VERB
epaa-316	418	28	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-316	418	29	hiring	hire	VERB
epaa-316	418	30	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	418	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	418	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	33	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	418	34	overall	overall	ADV
epaa-316	418	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	36	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	418	37	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	418	38	a	a	DET
epaa-316	418	39	surplus	surplus	NOUN
epaa-316	418	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	418	41	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	418	42	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	44	p.20	p.20	NOUN
epaa-316	418	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	418	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	419	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	419	3	shortages	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	419	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	419	5	seen	see	VERB
epaa-316	419	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	419	7	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	419	8	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	419	9	like	like	ADP
epaa-316	419	10	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	419	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	419	12	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	419	13	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	419	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	419	16	service	service	NOUN
epaa-316	419	17	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	419	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	419	19	special	special	ADJ
epaa-316	419	20	needs	need	NOUN
epaa-316	419	21	populations	population	NOUN
epaa-316	419	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	23	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	419	24	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	419	25	special	special	ADJ
epaa-316	419	26	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	419	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	419	28	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
epaa-316	419	29	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	419	30	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	419	32	shortages	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	419	33	exists	exist	VERB
epaa-316	419	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	419	35	rural	rural	ADJ
epaa-316	419	36	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	419	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	419	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	419	39	inner	inner	ADJ
epaa-316	419	40	city	city	NOUN
epaa-316	419	41	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	419	42	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	419	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	44	wayne	wayne	PROPN
epaa-316	419	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	46	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	419	47	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	48	natriello	natriello	PROPN
epaa-316	419	49	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	419	50	zumwalt	zumwalt	PROPN
epaa-316	419	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	52	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	419	53	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	54	hardy	hardy	ADJ
epaa-316	419	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	56	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	419	57	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	58	hirsch	hirsch	PROPN
epaa-316	419	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	60	koppich	koppich	PROPN
epaa-316	419	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	62	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	419	63	knapp	knapp	PROPN
epaa-316	419	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	65	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	419	66	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	419	67	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	420	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	420	2	projected	project	VERB
epaa-316	420	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	420	4	shortage	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	420	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	420	6	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	420	7	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	420	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	420	9	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
epaa-316	420	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	420	11	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	420	12	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	420	13	enrollments	enrollment	NOUN
epaa-316	420	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	420	15	an	an	DET
epaa-316	420	16	aging	age	VERB
epaa-316	420	17	workforce	workforce	NOUN
epaa-316	420	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	421	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	421	2	these	these	DET
epaa-316	421	3	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
epaa-316	421	4	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	421	5	similarly	similarly	ADV
epaa-316	421	6	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	421	7	questioned	question	VERB
epaa-316	421	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	422	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	422	2	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	422	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	422	4	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-316	422	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	422	6	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-316	422	7	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	422	8	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-316	422	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	422	10	ballou	ballou	PROPN
epaa-316	422	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	422	12	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	422	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	422	14	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	422	15	shown	show	VERB
epaa-316	422	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	422	17	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	422	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	422	19	every	every	DET
epaa-316	422	20	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	422	21	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	422	22	were	be	VERB
epaa-316	422	23	at	at	ADV
epaa-316	422	24	least	least	ADJ
epaa-316	422	25	twice	twice	DET
epaa-316	422	26	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	422	27	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	422	28	[	[	X
epaa-316	422	29	qualified	qualified	X
epaa-316	422	30	]	]	X
epaa-316	422	31	applicants	applicant	NOUN
epaa-316	422	32	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	422	33	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	422	34	were	be	VERB
epaa-316	422	35	persons	person	NOUN
epaa-316	422	36	hired	hire	VERB
epaa-316	422	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	422	38	full	full	ADJ
epaa-316	422	39	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	422	40	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	422	41	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	422	42	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	422	43	positions	position	NOUN
epaa-316	422	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	423	1	far	far	ADV
epaa-316	423	2	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	423	3	indicating	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	423	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	423	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	423	6	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-316	423	7	faces	face	VERB
epaa-316	423	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	423	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	423	10	shortage	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	423	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	423	12	these	these	DET
epaa-316	423	13	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	423	14	show	show	VERB
epaa-316	423	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	423	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	423	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	423	18	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-316	423	19	market	market	NOUN
epaa-316	423	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	423	21	a	a	DET
epaa-316	423	22	whole	whole	NOUN
epaa-316	423	23	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	423	24	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	423	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	423	26	a	a	DET
epaa-316	423	27	chronic	chronic	ADJ
epaa-316	423	28	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	423	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	423	30	excess	excess	ADJ
epaa-316	423	31	supply	supply	NOUN
epaa-316	423	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	423	33	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-316	423	34	shortages	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	423	35	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	423	36	arise	arise	VERB
epaa-316	423	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	423	38	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-316	423	39	locations	location	NOUN
epaa-316	423	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	423	41	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	423	42	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	423	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	423	44	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	423	45	101	101	NUM
epaa-316	423	46	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	423	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	424	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	424	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	424	3	indicates	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	424	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	424	5	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-316	424	6	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	424	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	424	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	424	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	424	10	short	short	ADJ
epaa-316	424	11	supply	supply	NOUN
epaa-316	424	12	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	424	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	424	14	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	424	15	pay	pay	NOUN
epaa-316	424	16	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	424	17	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	424	18	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-316	424	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	424	20	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	424	21	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN
epaa-316	424	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	424	23	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-316	424	24	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	424	25	working	work	VERB
epaa-316	424	26	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	424	27	disadvantaged	disadvantaged	ADJ
epaa-316	424	28	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-316	424	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	424	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	424	31	hanushek	hanushek	PROPN
epaa-316	424	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	424	33	kain	kain	PROPN
epaa-316	424	34	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	424	35	rivkin	rivkin	PROPN
epaa-316	424	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	424	37	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	424	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	424	39	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	424	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	424	41	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	424	42	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-316	424	43	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-316	424	44	input	input	NOUN
epaa-316	424	45	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	424	46	the	the	DET
epaa-316	424	47	management	management	NOUN
epaa-316	424	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	424	49	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	424	50	discourages	discourage	VERB
epaa-316	424	51	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	424	52	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-316	424	53	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	424	54	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	424	55	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	424	56	drives	drive	VERB
epaa-316	424	57	current	current	ADJ
epaa-316	424	58	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	424	59	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	424	60	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	424	61	the	the	DET
epaa-316	424	62	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	424	63	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	425	1	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	425	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	425	3	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	425	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	425	5	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	425	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	425	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	425	8	21	21	NUM
epaa-316	425	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	425	10	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	425	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	425	12	imbalance	imbalance	NOUN
epaa-316	425	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	425	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	425	15	supply	supply	NOUN
epaa-316	425	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	425	17	demand	demand	NOUN
epaa-316	425	18	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	425	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	425	20	root	root	NOUN
epaa-316	425	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	425	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	425	23	staffing	staffing	NOUN
epaa-316	425	24	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	425	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	425	26	neither	neither	CCONJ
epaa-316	425	27	synonymous	synonymous	ADJ
epaa-316	425	28	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	425	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	425	30	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	425	31	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-316	425	32	due	due	ADJ
epaa-316	425	33	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	425	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	425	35	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	425	36	shortages	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	425	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	425	38	the	the	DET
epaa-316	425	39	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-316	425	40	sense	sense	NOUN
epaa-316	425	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	425	42	a	a	DET
epaa-316	425	43	deficit	deficit	NOUN
epaa-316	425	44	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	425	45	the	the	DET
epaa-316	425	46	quantity	quantity	NOUN
epaa-316	425	47	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	425	48	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	425	49	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-316	425	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	426	1	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-316	426	2	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	426	3	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
epaa-316	426	4	supply	supply	NOUN
epaa-316	426	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	426	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	426	7	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	426	8	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	426	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	426	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	426	11	staffing	staffing	NOUN
epaa-316	426	12	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	426	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	426	14	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-316	426	15	due	due	ADJ
epaa-316	426	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	426	17	excess	excess	ADJ
epaa-316	426	18	demand	demand	NOUN
epaa-316	426	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	426	20	resulting	result	VERB
epaa-316	426	21	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	426	22	a	a	DET
epaa-316	426	23	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-316	426	24	revolving	revolve	VERB
epaa-316	426	25	door'—where	door'—where	ADP
epaa-316	426	26	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	426	27	numbers	number	NOUN
epaa-316	426	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	426	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	426	30	depart	depart	VERB
epaa-316	426	31	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	426	32	jobs	job	NOUN
epaa-316	426	33	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	426	34	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-316	426	35	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	426	36	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	426	37	retirement	retirement	NOUN
epaa-316	426	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	427	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	427	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	427	3	solution	solution	NOUN
epaa-316	427	4	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-316	427	5	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	427	6	not	not	PART
epaa-316	427	7	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-316	427	8	lie	lie	VERB
epaa-316	427	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	427	10	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-316	427	11	supply	supply	NOUN
epaa-316	427	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	427	13	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	427	14	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-316	427	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	427	16	decreasing	decrease	VERB
epaa-316	427	17	demand	demand	NOUN
epaa-316	427	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	427	19	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	427	20	501	501	NUM
epaa-316	427	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	427	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	428	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	428	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	428	3	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-316	428	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	428	5	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	428	6	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	428	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	428	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	428	9	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	428	10	are	be	VERB
epaa-316	428	11	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	428	12	people	people	NOUN
epaa-316	428	13	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	428	14	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	428	15	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	428	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	428	17	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	428	18	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	428	19	not	not	PART
epaa-316	428	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	428	21	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	428	22	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-316	428	23	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	428	24	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	428	25	prohibit	prohibit	VERB
epaa-316	428	26	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	428	27	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	428	28	doing	do	VERB
epaa-316	428	29	so	so	ADV
epaa-316	428	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	429	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	429	2	opponents	opponent	NOUN
epaa-316	429	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	429	4	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	429	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	429	6	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	429	7	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	429	8	call	call	VERB
epaa-316	429	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	429	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	429	11	removal	removal	NOUN
epaa-316	429	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	429	13	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	429	14	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	429	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	429	16	claiming	claim	VERB
epaa-316	429	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	429	18	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	429	19	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	429	20	no	no	DET
epaa-316	429	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	429	22	special	special	ADJ
epaa-316	429	23	body	body	NOUN
epaa-316	429	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	429	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	429	26	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	429	27	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	429	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	429	29	need	need	VERB
epaa-316	429	30	to	to	PART
epaa-316	429	31	know	know	VERB
epaa-316	429	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	429	33	order	order	NOUN
epaa-316	429	34	to	to	PART
epaa-316	429	35	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	429	36	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-316	429	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	430	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	430	2	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-316	430	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	430	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	430	5	abolition	abolition	NOUN
epaa-316	430	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	430	7	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	430	8	claim	claim	VERB
epaa-316	430	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	430	10	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	430	11	needs	need	VERB
epaa-316	430	12	to	to	PART
epaa-316	430	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	430	14	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-316	430	15	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	430	16	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	430	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	430	18	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	430	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	430	20	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-316	430	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	430	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	430	23	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	430	24	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	430	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	430	26	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	430	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	430	28	roth	roth	PROPN
epaa-316	430	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	430	30	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	430	31	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	430	32	kanstroom	kanstroom	PROPN
epaa-316	430	33	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	430	34	finn	finn	PROPN
epaa-316	430	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	430	36	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	430	37	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	430	38	finn	finn	PROPN
epaa-316	430	39	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	430	40	kanstroom	kanstroom	PROPN
epaa-316	430	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	430	42	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	430	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	430	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	431	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	431	2	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-316	431	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	431	4	anecdotal	anecdotal	ADJ
epaa-316	431	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	431	6	claiming	claim	VERB
epaa-316	431	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	431	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	431	9	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-316	431	10	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	431	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	431	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	431	13	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	431	14	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	431	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	431	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	431	17	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	431	18	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	431	19	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	431	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	431	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	431	22	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	431	23	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-316	431	24	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	431	25	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-316	431	26	strong	strong	ADJ
epaa-316	431	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	432	1	armed	arm	VERB
epaa-316	432	2	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	432	3	this	this	DET
epaa-316	432	4	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	432	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	432	6	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	432	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	432	8	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	432	9	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-316	432	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	432	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	432	12	person	person	NOUN
epaa-316	432	13	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	432	14	holds	hold	VERB
epaa-316	432	15	a	a	DET
epaa-316	432	16	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	432	17	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	432	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	432	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	432	20	possession	possession	NOUN
epaa-316	432	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	432	22	some	some	DET
epaa-316	432	23	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	432	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	432	25	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	432	26	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	432	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	432	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	432	29	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	432	30	some	some	DET
epaa-316	432	31	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-316	432	32	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	432	33	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	432	34	youth	youth	NOUN
epaa-316	432	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	432	36	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	432	37	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-316	432	38	enough	enough	ADV
epaa-316	432	39	to	to	PART
epaa-316	432	40	begin	begin	VERB
epaa-316	432	41	to	to	PART
epaa-316	432	42	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	432	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	433	1	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	433	2	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-316	433	3	drive	drive	VERB
epaa-316	433	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	433	5	movement	movement	NOUN
epaa-316	433	6	against	against	ADP
epaa-316	433	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	433	8	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-316	433	9	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	433	10	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	433	11	argues	argue	VERB
epaa-316	433	12	against	against	ADP
epaa-316	433	13	this	this	DET
epaa-316	433	14	position	position	NOUN
epaa-316	433	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	433	16	mcdiarmid	mcdiarmid	PROPN
epaa-316	433	17	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	433	18	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-316	433	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	433	20	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	433	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	433	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	434	1	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	434	2	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	434	3	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	434	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	434	5	rejected	reject	VERB
epaa-316	434	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	434	7	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	434	8	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-316	434	9	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	434	10	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	434	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	434	12	interested	interested	ADJ
epaa-316	434	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	434	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	434	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	434	16	a	a	DET
epaa-316	434	17	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	434	18	career	career	NOUN
epaa-316	434	19	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	434	20	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	434	21	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	434	22	not	not	PART
epaa-316	434	23	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	434	24	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	434	25	not	not	PART
epaa-316	434	26	engage	engage	VERB
epaa-316	434	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	434	28	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	434	29	consuming	consume	VERB
epaa-316	434	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	434	31	expensive	expensive	ADJ
epaa-316	434	32	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-316	434	33	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	434	34	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	434	35	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	434	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	435	1	proponents	proponent	NOUN
epaa-316	435	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	435	3	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	435	4	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	435	5	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-316	435	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	435	7	these	these	DET
epaa-316	435	8	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-316	435	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	435	10	called	call	VERB
epaa-316	435	11	career	career	NOUN
epaa-316	435	12	transitioners	transitioner	NOUN
epaa-316	435	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	435	14	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	435	15	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	435	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	435	17	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	435	18	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	435	19	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-316	435	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	435	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	435	22	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	435	23	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-316	435	24	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	435	25	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	435	26	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	435	27	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	435	28	to	to	PART
epaa-316	435	29	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	435	30	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	435	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	435	32	macdonald	macdonald	PROPN
epaa-316	435	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	435	34	manning	manning	NOUN
epaa-316	435	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	435	36	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	435	37	gable	gable	ADJ
epaa-316	435	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	435	39	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	435	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	435	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	436	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
epaa-316	436	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	436	3	some	some	PRON
epaa-316	436	4	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-316	436	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	436	6	adults	adult	NOUN
epaa-316	436	7	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	436	8	unique	unique	ADJ
epaa-316	436	9	life	life	NOUN
epaa-316	436	10	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	436	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	436	12	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	436	13	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	436	14	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	436	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	436	16	useful	useful	ADJ
epaa-316	436	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	436	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	436	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	436	20	zumwalt	zumwalt	PROPN
epaa-316	436	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	436	22	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	436	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	436	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	437	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	437	2	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	437	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	437	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	437	5	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	437	6	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	437	7	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	437	8	attract	attract	VERB
epaa-316	437	9	an	an	DET
epaa-316	437	10	older	old	ADJ
epaa-316	437	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	437	12	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	437	13	diverse	diverse	ADJ
epaa-316	437	14	population	population	NOUN
epaa-316	437	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	437	16	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	437	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	437	18	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	437	19	flexible	flexible	ADJ
epaa-316	437	20	schedules	schedule	NOUN
epaa-316	437	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	437	22	less	less	ADV
epaa-316	437	23	stringent	stringent	ADJ
epaa-316	437	24	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	437	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	437	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	437	27	so	so	ADV
epaa-316	437	28	forth	forth	ADV
epaa-316	437	29	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	437	30	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	437	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	437	32	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	437	33	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	437	34	unclear	unclear	ADJ
epaa-316	437	35	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	437	36	this	this	DET
epaa-316	437	37	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	437	38	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	437	39	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	437	40	needs	need	VERB
epaa-316	437	41	to	to	PART
epaa-316	437	42	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	437	43	waived	waive	VERB
epaa-316	437	44	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	437	45	order	order	NOUN
epaa-316	437	46	to	to	PART
epaa-316	437	47	recruit	recruit	VERB
epaa-316	437	48	a	a	DET
epaa-316	437	49	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	437	50	diverse	diverse	ADJ
epaa-316	437	51	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	437	52	population	population	NOUN
epaa-316	437	53	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	437	54	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	437	55	life	life	NOUN
epaa-316	437	56	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	437	57	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	437	58	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-316	437	59	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	437	60	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	437	61	natriello	natriello	PROPN
epaa-316	437	62	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	437	63	zumwalt	zumwalt	PROPN
epaa-316	437	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	437	65	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	437	66	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	437	67	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
epaa-316	437	68	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	437	69	hawk	hawk	PROPN
epaa-316	437	70	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	437	71	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	437	72	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	438	1	hawley	hawley	PROPN
epaa-316	438	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	438	3	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	438	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	438	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	439	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	439	2	third	third	ADJ
epaa-316	439	3	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-316	439	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	439	5	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	439	6	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	439	7	makes	make	VERB
epaa-316	439	8	use	use	NOUN
epaa-316	439	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	439	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	439	11	long	long	ADV
epaa-316	439	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	439	13	standing	stand	VERB
epaa-316	439	14	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-316	439	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	439	16	confidence	confidence	NOUN
epaa-316	439	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	439	18	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	439	19	officials	official	NOUN
epaa-316	439	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	439	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	439	22	general	general	ADJ
epaa-316	439	23	public	public	NOUN
epaa-316	439	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	439	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	439	26	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	439	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	439	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	439	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	439	30	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	439	31	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-316	439	32	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	439	33	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-316	439	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	439	35	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	439	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	440	1	too	too	ADV
epaa-316	440	2	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	440	3	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-316	440	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	440	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	440	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	440	7	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-316	440	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	440	9	attract	attract	VERB
epaa-316	440	10	less	less	ADV
epaa-316	440	11	able	able	ADJ
epaa-316	440	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	440	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	440	14	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	440	15	producing	produce	VERB
epaa-316	440	16	under	under	ADP
epaa-316	440	17	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	440	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	440	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	441	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	441	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	441	3	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-316	441	4	not	not	PART
epaa-316	441	5	true	true	ADJ
epaa-316	441	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	442	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	442	2	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	442	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	442	4	assertion	assertion	NOUN
epaa-316	442	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	442	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	442	7	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	442	8	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	442	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	442	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	442	11	entering	enter	VERB
epaa-316	442	12	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-316	442	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	442	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	442	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	442	16	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-316	442	17	good	good	ADJ
epaa-316	442	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	443	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	443	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-316	443	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	443	4	gitomer	gitomer	PROPN
epaa-316	443	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	443	6	latham	latham	PROPN
epaa-316	443	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	443	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	443	9	ziomek	ziomek	PROPN
epaa-316	443	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	443	11	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	443	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	443	13	showed	show	VERB
epaa-316	443	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	443	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	443	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	443	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	443	18	act	act	NOUN
epaa-316	443	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	443	20	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	443	21	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	443	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	443	23	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	443	24	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	443	25	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-316	443	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	443	27	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	443	28	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	443	29	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	443	30	academically	academically	ADV
epaa-316	443	31	skilled	skilled	ADJ
epaa-316	443	32	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	443	33	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	443	34	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	443	35	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	443	36	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	443	37	majors	major	NOUN
epaa-316	443	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	444	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	444	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	444	3	reported	report	VERB
epaa-316	444	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	444	5	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-316	444	6	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	444	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	444	8	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	444	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	444	10	highest	high	ADJ
epaa-316	444	11	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-316	444	12	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	444	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	444	14	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	444	15	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	444	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	444	17	praxis	praxis	VERB
epaa-316	444	18	i	i	PRON
epaa-316	444	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	444	20	ii	ii	NOUN
epaa-316	444	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	444	22	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	444	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	444	24	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
epaa-316	444	25	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	444	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	444	27	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	444	28	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	444	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	444	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	444	31	even	even	ADV
epaa-316	444	32	though	though	SCONJ
epaa-316	444	33	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	444	34	appeared	appear	VERB
epaa-316	444	35	to	to	PART
epaa-316	444	36	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	444	37	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	444	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	444	39	initial	initial	ADJ
epaa-316	444	40	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	444	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	444	42	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	444	43	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	444	44	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	444	45	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	444	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	445	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	445	2	concluded	conclude	VERB
epaa-316	445	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	445	4	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	445	5	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	445	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	445	7	having	have	VERB
epaa-316	445	8	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	445	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	445	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	445	11	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-316	445	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	445	13	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
epaa-316	445	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	445	15	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	445	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	445	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	445	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	445	19	makes	make	VERB
epaa-316	445	20	a	a	DET
epaa-316	445	21	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	445	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	445	23	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-316	445	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	446	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	446	2	attribute	attribute	VERB
epaa-316	446	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	446	4	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	446	5	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	446	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	446	7	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-316	446	8	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	446	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	446	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	446	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	446	12	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	446	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	446	14	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-316	446	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	446	16	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	446	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	446	18	colleges	college	NOUN
epaa-316	446	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	446	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	446	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	447	1	22	22	NUM
epaa-316	447	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	447	3	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	447	4	summary	summary	NOUN
epaa-316	447	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	447	6	related	related	ADJ
epaa-316	447	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	447	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	447	9	regard	regard	NOUN
epaa-316	447	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	447	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	447	12	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	447	13	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	447	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	447	15	current	current	ADJ
epaa-316	447	16	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	447	17	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	447	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	447	19	us	we	PRON
epaa-316	447	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	447	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	447	22	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	447	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	447	24	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-316	447	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	447	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	447	27	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	447	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	447	29	upper	upper	ADJ
epaa-316	447	30	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	447	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	447	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	447	33	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-316	447	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	447	35	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	447	36	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	447	37	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	447	38	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	447	39	assessed	assess	VERB
epaa-316	447	40	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	447	41	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	447	42	majors	major	NOUN
epaa-316	447	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	447	44	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-316	447	45	taken	take	VERB
epaa-316	447	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	447	47	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	447	48	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	447	49	held	hold	VERB
epaa-316	447	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	447	51	leads	lead	VERB
epaa-316	447	52	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	447	53	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	447	54	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	447	55	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	447	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	448	1	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-316	448	2	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	448	3	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	448	4	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	448	5	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-316	448	6	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	448	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	448	8	contributor	contributor	NOUN
epaa-316	448	9	to	to	PART
epaa-316	448	10	student	student	VERB
epaa-316	448	11	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	448	12	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	448	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	448	14	upper	upper	ADJ
epaa-316	448	15	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	448	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	448	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	448	18	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	448	19	even	even	ADV
epaa-316	448	20	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	448	21	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	448	22	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	448	23	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	448	24	content	content	ADJ
epaa-316	448	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	448	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	448	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	448	28	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-316	448	29	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	448	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	449	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	449	2	regard	regard	NOUN
epaa-316	449	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	449	4	experience	experience	VERB
epaa-316	449	5	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	449	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	449	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	449	8	course	course	NOUN
epaa-316	449	9	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	449	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	449	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	449	12	means	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	449	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	449	14	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-316	449	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	449	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	449	17	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	449	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	449	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	449	20	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	449	21	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	449	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	449	23	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	449	24	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	449	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	449	26	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-316	449	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	449	28	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-316	449	29	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-316	449	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	450	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	450	2	powerful	powerful	ADJ
epaa-316	450	3	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	450	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	450	5	content	content	ADJ
epaa-316	450	6	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	450	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	450	8	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
epaa-316	450	9	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	450	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	450	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	450	12	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	450	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	450	14	contribute	contribute	VERB
epaa-316	450	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	450	16	success	success	NOUN
epaa-316	450	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	450	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	450	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	450	20	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	450	21	's	's	PART
epaa-316	450	22	own	own	ADJ
epaa-316	450	23	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	450	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	451	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	451	2	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	451	3	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	451	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	451	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	451	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	451	7	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	451	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	451	9	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	451	10	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	451	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	451	12	skill	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	451	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	451	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	451	15	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	451	16	use	use	NOUN
epaa-316	451	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	451	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	451	19	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	451	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	451	21	compromised	compromise	VERB
epaa-316	451	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	452	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	452	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	452	3	examined	examine	VERB
epaa-316	452	4	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	452	5	routes	route	NOUN
epaa-316	452	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	452	7	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	452	8	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	452	9	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	452	10	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	452	11	to	to	PART
epaa-316	452	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	452	13	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-316	452	14	variable	variable	ADJ
epaa-316	452	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	453	1	still	still	ADV
epaa-316	453	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	453	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	453	4	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-316	453	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	453	6	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	453	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	453	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	453	9	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	453	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	453	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	453	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	453	13	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	453	14	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-316	453	15	variable	variable	ADJ
epaa-316	453	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	453	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	453	18	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	453	19	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	453	20	take	take	VERB
epaa-316	453	21	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	453	22	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	453	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	453	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	453	25	less	less	ADV
epaa-316	453	26	costly	costly	ADJ
epaa-316	453	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	453	28	attract	attract	VERB
epaa-316	453	29	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	453	30	diverse	diverse	ADJ
epaa-316	453	31	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	453	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	453	33	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	453	34	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	453	35	record	record	VERB
epaa-316	453	36	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	453	37	drop	drop	VERB
epaa-316	453	38	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	453	39	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	453	40	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	453	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	454	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	454	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	454	3	usually	usually	ADV
epaa-316	454	4	take	take	VERB
epaa-316	454	5	much	much	ADV
epaa-316	454	6	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	454	7	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	454	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	454	9	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	454	10	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	454	11	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	454	12	suffer	suffer	VERB
epaa-316	454	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	454	14	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	454	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	454	16	preparing	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	454	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	454	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	454	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	454	20	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	454	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	454	22	a	a	DET
epaa-316	454	23	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	454	24	compounded	compound	VERB
epaa-316	454	25	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	454	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	454	27	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-316	454	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	454	29	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-316	454	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	454	31	support	support	NOUN
epaa-316	454	32	given	give	VERB
epaa-316	454	33	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	454	34	the	the	DET
epaa-316	454	35	hiring	hire	VERB
epaa-316	454	36	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	454	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	455	1	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	455	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	455	3	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	455	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	455	5	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	455	6	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	455	7	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	455	8	route	route	NOUN
epaa-316	455	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	455	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	455	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	455	12	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	455	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	455	14	suffer	suffer	VERB
epaa-316	455	15	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	455	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	455	17	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
epaa-316	455	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	455	19	typical	typical	ADJ
epaa-316	455	20	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	455	21	inherent	inherent	ADJ
epaa-316	455	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	455	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	455	24	designs	design	NOUN
epaa-316	455	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	455	26	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	455	27	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	455	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	456	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	456	2	criticisms	criticism	NOUN
epaa-316	456	3	abound	abound	VERB
epaa-316	456	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	456	5	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	456	6	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	456	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	456	8	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-316	456	9	body	body	NOUN
epaa-316	456	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	456	11	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	456	12	suggesting	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	456	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	456	14	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	456	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	456	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	456	17	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	456	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	456	19	warts	wart	NOUN
epaa-316	456	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	456	21	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	456	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	456	23	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-316	456	24	to	to	PART
epaa-316	456	25	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	456	26	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	456	27	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-316	456	28	appearing	appearing	ADJ
epaa-316	456	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	456	30	whose	whose	DET
epaa-316	456	31	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	456	32	perform	perform	VERB
epaa-316	456	33	better	well	ADV
epaa-316	456	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	457	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	457	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	457	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	457	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	457	5	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	457	6	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	457	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	457	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	457	9	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-316	457	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	457	11	least	least	ADJ
epaa-316	457	12	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-316	457	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	457	14	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	457	15	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	457	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	458	1	unfortunately	unfortunately	ADV
epaa-316	458	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	458	3	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	458	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	458	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	458	6	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-316	458	7	hired	hire	VERB
epaa-316	458	8	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	458	9	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	458	10	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	458	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	458	12	hardest	hard	ADJ
epaa-316	458	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	458	14	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	458	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	458	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	459	1	after	after	ADP
epaa-316	459	2	reviewing	review	VERB
epaa-316	459	3	this	this	DET
epaa-316	459	4	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	459	5	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	459	6	seemed	seem	VERB
epaa-316	459	7	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	459	8	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	459	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	459	10	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-316	459	11	necessitating	necessitate	VERB
epaa-316	459	12	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	459	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	459	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	459	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	459	16	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	459	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	459	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	459	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	459	20	hiring	hiring	NOUN
epaa-316	459	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	459	22	alternate	alternate	ADJ
epaa-316	459	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	459	24	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	459	25	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	459	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	459	27	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	459	28	easily	easily	ADV
epaa-316	459	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	459	30	modified	modify	VERB
epaa-316	459	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	459	32	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
epaa-316	459	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	459	34	need	need	NOUN
epaa-316	459	35	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-316	459	36	these	these	DET
epaa-316	459	37	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	459	38	to	to	PART
epaa-316	459	39	exist	exist	VERB
epaa-316	459	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	460	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	460	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	460	3	past	past	NOUN
epaa-316	460	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	460	5	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	460	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	460	7	neither	neither	CCONJ
epaa-316	460	8	politicians	politician	NOUN
epaa-316	460	9	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-316	460	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	460	11	boards	board	NOUN
epaa-316	460	12	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	460	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	460	14	will	will	NOUN
epaa-316	460	15	to	to	PART
epaa-316	460	16	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	460	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	460	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	461	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	461	2	under	under	ADP
epaa-316	461	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	461	4	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	461	5	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-316	461	6	no	no	DET
epaa-316	461	7	child	child	NOUN
epaa-316	461	8	left	leave	VERB
epaa-316	461	9	behind	behind	ADP
epaa-316	461	10	act	act	NOUN
epaa-316	461	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	461	12	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	461	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	461	14	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	461	15	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	461	16	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	461	17	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	461	18	to	to	PART
epaa-316	461	19	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	461	20	a	a	DET
epaa-316	461	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	461	22	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	461	23	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	461	24	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	461	25	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	461	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	461	27	every	every	DET
epaa-316	461	28	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	461	29	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	461	30	loose	loose	ADJ
epaa-316	461	31	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-316	461	32	funding	funding	NOUN
epaa-316	461	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	462	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	462	2	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	462	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	462	4	an	an	DET
epaa-316	462	5	interesting	interesting	ADJ
epaa-316	462	6	few	few	ADJ
epaa-316	462	7	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	462	8	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	462	9	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-316	462	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	462	11	define	define	VERB
epaa-316	462	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	462	13	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	462	14	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	462	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	462	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	462	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	462	18	related	related	ADJ
epaa-316	462	19	term	term	NOUN
epaa-316	462	20	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	462	21	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-316	462	22	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	462	23	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	462	24	worked	work	VERB
epaa-316	462	25	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	462	26	to	to	PART
epaa-316	462	27	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-316	462	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	462	29	letter	letter	NOUN
epaa-316	462	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	462	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	462	32	law	law	NOUN
epaa-316	462	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	463	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	463	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	463	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	463	4	these	these	DET
epaa-316	463	5	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	463	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	463	7	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	463	8	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-316	463	9	to	to	PART
epaa-316	463	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	463	11	reinterpreted	reinterpret	VERB
epaa-316	463	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	463	13	light	light	NOUN
epaa-316	463	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	463	15	that	that	DET
epaa-316	463	16	law	law	NOUN
epaa-316	463	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	464	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	464	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	464	3	near	near	ADJ
epaa-316	464	4	future	future	NOUN
epaa-316	464	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	464	6	surely	surely	ADV
epaa-316	464	7	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-316	464	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	464	9	definitions	definition	NOUN
epaa-316	464	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	464	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	464	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	464	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	464	14	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	464	15	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-316	464	16	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	464	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	464	18	idea	idea	NOUN
epaa-316	464	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	464	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	464	21	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	464	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	464	23	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	464	24	find	find	VERB
epaa-316	464	25	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	464	26	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-316	464	27	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	464	28	courtrooms	courtroom	NOUN
epaa-316	464	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	464	30	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	464	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	465	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	465	2	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	465	3	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	465	4	help	help	VERB
epaa-316	465	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	465	6	courts	court	NOUN
epaa-316	465	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	465	8	thinking	think	VERB
epaa-316	465	9	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	465	10	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	465	11	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	465	12	means	mean	VERB
epaa-316	465	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	465	14	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	465	15	a	a	DET
epaa-316	465	16	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	465	17	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	465	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	465	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	465	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	465	21	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	465	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	466	1	method	method	PROPN
epaa-316	466	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	466	3	design	design	NOUN
epaa-316	466	4	an	an	DET
epaa-316	466	5	ex	ex	NOUN
epaa-316	466	6	-	-	ADJ
epaa-316	466	7	post	post	ADJ
epaa-316	466	8	-	-	ADJ
epaa-316	466	9	facto	facto	ADJ
epaa-316	466	10	archival	archival	NOUN
epaa-316	466	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	466	12	design	design	NOUN
epaa-316	466	13	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	466	14	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	466	15	to	to	PART
epaa-316	466	16	study	study	VERB
epaa-316	466	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	466	18	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	466	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	466	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	466	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	466	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	466	23	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-316	466	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	466	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	466	26	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	466	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	466	28	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	466	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	466	30	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	466	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	466	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	466	33	selected	select	VERB
epaa-316	466	34	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	466	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	466	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	466	37	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	466	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	466	39	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	466	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	467	1	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	467	2	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	467	3	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-316	467	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	467	5	information	information	NOUN
epaa-316	467	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	467	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	467	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	467	9	participating	participate	VERB
epaa-316	467	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	467	11	this	this	DET
epaa-316	467	12	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	467	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	467	14	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	467	15	23	23	NUM
epaa-316	467	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	467	17	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	467	18	stanford	stanford	NOUN
epaa-316	467	19	nine	nine	NUM
epaa-316	467	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	467	21	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	467	22	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	467	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	467	24	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	467	25	means	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	467	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	468	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	468	2	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	468	3	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	468	4	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	468	5	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	468	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	468	7	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	468	8	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	468	9	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	468	10	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	468	11	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	468	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	468	13	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	468	14	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	468	15	obtained	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	468	16	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	468	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	468	18	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	468	19	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	468	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	468	21	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	468	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	469	1	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	469	2	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	469	3	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	469	4	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	469	5	available	available	ADJ
epaa-316	469	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	469	7	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-316	469	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	469	9	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	469	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	469	11	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	469	12	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	469	13	not	not	PART
epaa-316	469	14	available	available	ADJ
epaa-316	469	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	469	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	469	17	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	469	18	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	469	19	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	469	20	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	469	21	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	469	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	1	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	470	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	470	3	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	470	4	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	470	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	6	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	470	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	470	8	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	470	9	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	470	10	labels	label	NOUN
epaa-316	470	11	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	13	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	470	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	470	17	holders	holder	NOUN
epaa-316	470	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	470	19	bachelor	bachelor	NOUN
epaa-316	470	20	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	470	21	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	470	22	accredited	accredited	ADJ
epaa-316	470	23	institutions	institution	NOUN
epaa-316	470	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	25	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	470	26	little	little	ADJ
epaa-316	470	27	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	470	28	no	no	PRON
epaa-316	470	29	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	470	30	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-316	470	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	32	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	470	33	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	470	34	get	get	VERB
epaa-316	470	35	clearance	clearance	NOUN
epaa-316	470	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	470	37	criminal	criminal	ADJ
epaa-316	470	38	background	background	NOUN
epaa-316	470	39	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	470	40	fingerprint	fingerprint	NOUN
epaa-316	470	41	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	470	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	43	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	44	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	45	temporary	temporary	ADJ
epaa-316	470	46	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	47	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	48	a	a	DET
epaa-316	470	49	rarely	rarely	ADV
epaa-316	470	50	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	470	51	designation	designation	NOUN
epaa-316	470	52	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	470	53	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	470	54	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	55	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	470	56	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	57	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	58	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	59	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	470	60	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	61	provisional	provisional	ADJ
epaa-316	470	62	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	63	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	64	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	470	65	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	470	66	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	470	67	some	some	PRON
epaa-316	470	68	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	69	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	470	70	even	even	ADV
epaa-316	470	71	considerable	considerable	ADJ
epaa-316	470	72	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	470	73	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	470	74	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	470	75	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	76	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	470	77	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	470	78	short	short	ADJ
epaa-316	470	79	certain	certain	ADJ
epaa-316	470	80	units	unit	NOUN
epaa-316	470	81	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	470	82	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	470	83	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	470	84	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	470	85	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-316	470	86	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	470	87	a	a	DET
epaa-316	470	88	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-316	470	89	certificate	certificate	NOUN
epaa-316	470	90	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	470	91	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	471	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	471	2	opposition	opposition	NOUN
epaa-316	471	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	471	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	471	5	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	471	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	471	7	certifed	certife	VERB
epaa-316	471	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	471	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	471	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	471	11	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-316	471	12	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	471	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	471	14	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	471	15	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-316	471	16	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	471	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	471	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	471	19	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	471	20	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	471	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	471	22	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	471	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	472	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	472	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	472	3	hold	hold	VERB
epaa-316	472	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	472	5	bachelor	bachelor	NOUN
epaa-316	472	6	's	's	PART
epaa-316	472	7	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	472	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	472	9	an	an	DET
epaa-316	472	10	accredited	accredit	VERB
epaa-316	472	11	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-316	472	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	472	13	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	472	14	completed	complete	VERB
epaa-316	472	15	45	45	NUM
epaa-316	472	16	semester	semester	NOUN
epaa-316	472	17	hours	hour	NOUN
epaa-316	472	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	472	19	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-316	472	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	472	21	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-316	472	22	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	472	23	course	course	NOUN
epaa-316	472	24	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	472	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	472	26	obtained	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	472	27	a	a	DET
epaa-316	472	28	passing	passing	NOUN
epaa-316	472	29	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	472	30	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	472	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	472	32	aepa	aepa	NOUN
epaa-316	472	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	472	34	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-316	472	35	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	472	36	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	472	37	understand	understand	VERB
epaa-316	472	38	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-316	472	39	the	the	DET
epaa-316	472	40	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	472	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	472	42	us	us	PROPN
epaa-316	472	43	constitution	constitution	NOUN
epaa-316	472	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	472	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	472	46	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	472	47	vetted	vet	VERB
epaa-316	472	48	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	472	49	any	any	DET
epaa-316	472	50	criminal	criminal	ADJ
epaa-316	472	51	background	background	NOUN
epaa-316	472	52	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	472	53	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	472	54	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	472	55	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	472	56	fingerprints	fingerprint	NOUN
epaa-316	472	57	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	473	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	473	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	473	3	definitions	definition	NOUN
epaa-316	473	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	473	5	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	473	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	473	7	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	473	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	473	9	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	473	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	473	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	473	12	given	give	VERB
epaa-316	473	13	above	above	ADV
epaa-316	473	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	473	15	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	473	16	accurate	accurate	ADJ
epaa-316	473	17	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	473	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	473	19	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	473	20	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	473	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	473	22	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	473	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	473	24	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	473	25	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	473	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	473	27	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	473	28	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	473	29	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-316	473	30	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	473	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	473	32	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	473	33	laws	law	NOUN
epaa-316	473	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	474	1	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	474	2	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	474	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	474	4	still	still	ADV
epaa-316	474	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	474	6	flux	flux	NOUN
epaa-316	474	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	474	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	474	9	so	so	ADV
epaa-316	474	10	current	current	ADJ
epaa-316	474	11	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	474	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	474	13	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	474	14	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	474	15	not	not	PART
epaa-316	474	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	474	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	474	18	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	474	19	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	474	20	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	474	21	reported	report	VERB
epaa-316	474	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	474	23	this	this	DET
epaa-316	474	24	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	474	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	474	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	475	1	among	among	ADP
epaa-316	475	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	475	3	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	475	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	475	5	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	475	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	475	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	475	8	this	this	DET
epaa-316	475	9	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	475	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	475	11	some	some	PRON
epaa-316	475	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	475	13	an	an	DET
epaa-316	475	14	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	475	15	route	route	NOUN
epaa-316	475	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	475	17	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-316	475	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	475	19	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	475	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	475	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	475	22	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	475	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	475	24	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	475	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	475	26	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	475	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	475	28	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	475	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	475	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	475	31	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	476	1	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	476	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	476	3	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	476	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	476	5	a	a	DET
epaa-316	476	6	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-316	476	7	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	476	8	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	476	9	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	476	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	477	1	its	its	PRON
epaa-316	477	2	mission	mission	NOUN
epaa-316	477	3	calls	call	VERB
epaa-316	477	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	477	5	placing	place	VERB
epaa-316	477	6	energetic	energetic	ADJ
epaa-316	477	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	477	8	bright	bright	ADJ
epaa-316	477	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	477	10	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	477	11	unqualified	unqualified	ADJ
epaa-316	477	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	477	13	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	477	14	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	477	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	477	16	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	477	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	477	18	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	477	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	477	20	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	477	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	477	22	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	477	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	477	24	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	477	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	477	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	478	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	478	2	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-316	478	3	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	478	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	478	5	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	478	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	478	7	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	478	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	478	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	478	10	general	general	ADJ
epaa-316	478	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	478	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	478	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	478	14	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	478	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	478	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	478	17	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-316	478	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	478	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	478	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	478	21	considerable	considerable	ADJ
epaa-316	478	22	interest	interest	NOUN
epaa-316	478	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	478	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	478	25	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	478	26	community	community	NOUN
epaa-316	478	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	479	1	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	479	2	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-316	479	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	480	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	480	2	school	school	PROPN
epaa-316	480	3	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	480	4	superintendents	superintendent	NOUN
epaa-316	480	5	listed	list	VERB
epaa-316	480	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	480	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	480	8	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	480	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	480	10	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	480	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	480	12	participating	participate	VERB
epaa-316	480	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	480	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	480	15	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-316	480	16	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	480	17	shortage	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	480	18	loan	loan	NOUN
epaa-316	480	19	deferment	deferment	NOUN
epaa-316	480	20	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	480	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	480	22	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	480	23	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	480	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	480	25	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	480	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	480	27	http://ade.az.gov/researchpolicy/ts	http://ade.az.gov/researchpolicy/ts	PROPN
epaa-316	480	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	480	29	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	480	30	invited	invite	VERB
epaa-316	480	31	to	to	PART
epaa-316	480	32	participate	participate	VERB
epaa-316	480	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	480	34	this	this	DET
epaa-316	480	35	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	480	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	481	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	481	2	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-316	481	3	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	481	4	requires	require	VERB
epaa-316	481	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	481	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	481	7	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	481	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	481	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	481	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	481	11	generate	generate	VERB
epaa-316	481	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	481	13	ranking	ranking	NOUN
epaa-316	481	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	481	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	481	16	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	481	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	481	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	481	19	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	481	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	481	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	481	22	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	481	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	481	24	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	481	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	481	26	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	481	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	481	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	481	29	each	each	DET
epaa-316	481	30	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	481	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	482	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	482	2	list	list	NOUN
epaa-316	482	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	482	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	482	5	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	482	6	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	482	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	482	8	convenient	convenient	ADJ
epaa-316	482	9	population	population	NOUN
epaa-316	482	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	482	11	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	482	12	to	to	PART
epaa-316	482	13	obtain	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	482	14	a	a	DET
epaa-316	482	15	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	482	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	483	1	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	483	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	483	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	483	4	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	483	5	receiving	receive	VERB
epaa-316	483	6	a	a	DET
epaa-316	483	7	request	request	NOUN
epaa-316	483	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	483	9	participate	participate	VERB
epaa-316	483	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	483	11	n=24	n=24	PROPN
epaa-316	483	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	483	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	483	14	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	483	15	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	483	16	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	483	17	dataset	dataset	NOUN
epaa-316	483	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	483	19	n=12	n=12	NOUN
epaa-316	483	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	483	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	483	22	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	483	23	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	483	24	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	483	25	dataset	dataset	NOUN
epaa-316	483	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	483	27	five	five	NUM
epaa-316	483	28	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	483	29	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	483	30	responded	respond	VERB
epaa-316	483	31	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-316	483	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	484	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	484	2	five	five	NUM
epaa-316	484	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	484	4	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	484	5	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-316	484	6	20.8	20.8	NUM
epaa-316	484	7	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	484	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	484	9	16.6	16.6	NUM
epaa-316	484	10	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	484	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	484	12	respectively	respectively	ADV
epaa-316	484	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	484	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	484	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	484	16	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	484	17	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	484	18	designated	designate	VERB
epaa-316	484	19	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	484	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	484	21	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	484	22	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	484	23	having	have	VERB
epaa-316	484	24	severe	severe	ADJ
epaa-316	484	25	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	484	26	shortages	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	484	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	485	1	all	all	DET
epaa-316	485	2	five	five	NUM
epaa-316	485	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	485	4	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	485	5	chosen	choose	VERB
epaa-316	485	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	485	7	this	this	DET
epaa-316	485	8	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	485	9	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	485	10	included	include	VERB
epaa-316	485	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	485	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	485	13	department	department	NOUN
epaa-316	485	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	485	15	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	485	16	's	's	PART
epaa-316	485	17	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	485	18	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	485	19	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	485	20	classification	classification	NOUN
epaa-316	485	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	485	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	485	23	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	485	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	486	1	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	486	2	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	486	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	486	4	these	these	DET
epaa-316	486	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	486	6	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	486	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	486	8	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	486	9	included	include	VERB
epaa-316	486	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	486	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	486	12	department	department	NOUN
epaa-316	486	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	486	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	486	15	's	's	PART
epaa-316	486	16	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	486	17	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	486	18	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	486	19	classification	classification	NOUN
epaa-316	486	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	486	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	486	22	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	486	23	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	486	24	severe	severe	ADJ
epaa-316	486	25	shortages	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	486	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	487	1	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	487	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	487	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	487	4	participating	participate	VERB
epaa-316	487	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	487	6	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	487	7	shared	share	VERB
epaa-316	487	8	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	487	9	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	487	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	488	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	488	2	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	488	3	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-316	488	4	inner	inner	ADJ
epaa-316	488	5	city	city	NOUN
epaa-316	488	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	488	7	populations	population	NOUN
epaa-316	488	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	488	9	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-316	488	10	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-316	488	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	488	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	488	13	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	488	14	participate	participate	VERB
epaa-316	488	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	488	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	488	17	teach	teach	NOUN
epaa-316	488	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	488	19	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	488	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	488	21	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	488	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	488	23	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	488	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	489	1	all	all	DET
epaa-316	489	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	489	3	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	489	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	489	5	these	these	DET
epaa-316	489	6	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	489	7	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	489	8	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-316	489	9	filling	fill	VERB
epaa-316	489	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	489	11	positions	position	NOUN
epaa-316	489	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	490	1	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-316	490	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	490	3	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	490	4	collection	collection	NOUN
epaa-316	490	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	491	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	491	2	five	five	NUM
epaa-316	491	3	participating	participate	VERB
epaa-316	491	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	491	5	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	491	6	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	491	7	lists	list	NOUN
epaa-316	491	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	491	9	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	491	10	hires	hire	NOUN
epaa-316	491	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	491	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	491	13	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	491	14	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	491	15	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	491	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	491	17	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	491	18	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	491	19	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	491	20	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	491	21	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	491	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	492	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	492	2	some	some	DET
epaa-316	492	3	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-316	492	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	492	5	list	list	NOUN
epaa-316	492	6	contained	contain	VERB
epaa-316	492	7	information	information	NOUN
epaa-316	492	8	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	492	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	492	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	492	11	'	'	PART
epaa-316	492	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	492	13	status	status	NOUN
epaa-316	492	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	492	15	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	492	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	492	17	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	492	18	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-316	492	19	further	further	ADJ
epaa-316	492	20	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	492	21	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	492	22	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-316	492	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	492	24	obtain	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	492	25	this	this	DET
epaa-316	492	26	information	information	NOUN
epaa-316	492	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	493	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	493	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	493	3	granted	grant	VERB
epaa-316	493	4	permission	permission	NOUN
epaa-316	493	5	to	to	PART
epaa-316	493	6	access	access	VERB
epaa-316	493	7	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-316	493	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	493	9	personnel	personnel	NOUN
epaa-316	493	10	24	24	NUM
epaa-316	493	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	493	12	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	493	13	files	file	NOUN
epaa-316	493	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	493	15	order	order	NOUN
epaa-316	493	16	to	to	PART
epaa-316	493	17	collect	collect	VERB
epaa-316	493	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	493	19	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-316	493	20	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	493	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	493	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	493	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	493	24	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-316	493	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	493	26	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	493	27	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	493	28	employed	employ	VERB
epaa-316	493	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	493	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	493	31	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	493	32	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	493	33	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	493	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	493	35	the	the	DET
epaa-316	493	36	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	493	37	'	'	PART
epaa-316	493	38	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	493	39	status	status	NOUN
epaa-316	493	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	493	41	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	493	42	highest	high	ADJ
epaa-316	493	43	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	493	44	earned	earn	VERB
epaa-316	493	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	493	46	the	the	DET
epaa-316	493	47	date	date	NOUN
epaa-316	493	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	493	49	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-316	493	50	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-316	493	51	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	493	52	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	493	53	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	493	54	earned	earn	VERB
epaa-316	493	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	493	56	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	493	57	age	age	NOUN
epaa-316	493	58	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	493	59	determined	determine	VERB
epaa-316	493	60	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	493	61	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	493	62	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	493	63	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	493	64	birth	birth	NOUN
epaa-316	493	65	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	493	66	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	493	67	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	493	68	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	493	69	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	493	70	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	494	1	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	494	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	494	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	494	4	included	include	VERB
epaa-316	494	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	494	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	494	7	dataset	dataset	NOUN
epaa-316	494	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	494	9	64	64	NUM
epaa-316	494	10	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	494	11	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	494	12	no	no	DET
epaa-316	494	13	prior	prior	ADJ
epaa-316	494	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	494	15	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	494	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	494	17	a	a	DET
epaa-316	494	18	judgment	judgment	NOUN
epaa-316	494	19	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	494	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	494	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	494	22	hire	hire	NOUN
epaa-316	494	23	date	date	NOUN
epaa-316	494	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	494	25	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-316	494	26	history	history	NOUN
epaa-316	494	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	494	28	resume	resume	NOUN
epaa-316	494	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	494	30	application	application	NOUN
epaa-316	494	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	495	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	495	2	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-316	495	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	495	4	newly	newly	ADV
epaa-316	495	5	hired	hire	VERB
epaa-316	495	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	495	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	495	8	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-316	495	9	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-316	495	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	495	11	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	495	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	496	1	some	some	PRON
epaa-316	496	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	496	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	496	4	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	496	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	496	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	496	7	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	496	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	496	9	had	have	AUX
epaa-316	496	10	delayed	delay	VERB
epaa-316	496	11	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	496	12	entrance	entrance	NOUN
epaa-316	496	13	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	496	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	496	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	496	16	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	496	17	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	496	18	after	after	ADP
epaa-316	496	19	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-316	496	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	496	21	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	496	22	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	496	23	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	496	24	no	no	DET
epaa-316	496	25	prior	prior	ADJ
epaa-316	496	26	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	496	27	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	496	28	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	496	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	496	30	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	496	31	personnel	personnel	NOUN
epaa-316	496	32	files	file	NOUN
epaa-316	496	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	497	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	497	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	497	3	removed	remove	VERB
epaa-316	497	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	497	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	497	6	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	497	7	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	497	8	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	497	9	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	497	10	kindergarten	kindergarten	NOUN
epaa-316	497	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	497	12	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	497	13	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	497	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	497	15	art	art	NOUN
epaa-316	497	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	497	17	music	music	NOUN
epaa-316	497	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	497	19	special	special	ADJ
epaa-316	497	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	497	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	497	22	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	497	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	497	24	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	497	25	not	not	PART
epaa-316	497	26	assessed	assess	VERB
epaa-316	497	27	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	497	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	497	29	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-316	497	30	nine	nine	NUM
epaa-316	497	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	497	32	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	497	33	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	497	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	497	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	498	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	498	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	498	3	departments	department	NOUN
epaa-316	498	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	498	5	each	each	DET
epaa-316	498	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	498	7	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	498	8	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	498	9	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	498	10	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	498	11	aggregated	aggregate	VERB
epaa-316	498	12	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	498	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	498	14	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	498	15	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	498	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	499	1	included	include	VERB
epaa-316	499	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	499	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	499	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	499	5	'	'	PART
epaa-316	499	6	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	499	7	totals	total	NOUN
epaa-316	499	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	499	9	raw	raw	ADJ
epaa-316	499	10	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	499	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	499	12	scaled	scale	VERB
epaa-316	499	13	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	499	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	499	15	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	499	16	equivalent	equivalent	NOUN
epaa-316	499	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	499	18	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	499	19	percentile	percentile	ADJ
epaa-316	499	20	rank	rank	NOUN
epaa-316	499	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	499	22	stanine	stanine	NOUN
epaa-316	499	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	499	24	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	499	25	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-316	499	26	curve	curve	NOUN
epaa-316	499	27	equivalent	equivalent	NOUN
epaa-316	499	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	499	29	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	499	30	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	499	31	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	499	32	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	499	33	percentile	percentile	ADJ
epaa-316	499	34	rank	rank	NOUN
epaa-316	499	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	499	36	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	499	37	stanine	stanine	NOUN
epaa-316	499	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	500	1	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-316	500	2	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	500	3	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	500	4	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	500	5	not	not	PART
epaa-316	500	6	needed	need	VERB
epaa-316	500	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	500	8	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	500	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	501	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
epaa-316	501	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	501	3	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	501	4	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	501	5	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	501	6	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	501	7	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	501	8	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	501	9	later	later	ADV
epaa-316	501	10	obtained	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	501	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	501	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	501	13	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	501	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	501	15	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	501	16	division	division	NOUN
epaa-316	501	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	501	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	501	19	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	501	20	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	501	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	501	22	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	501	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	501	24	order	order	NOUN
epaa-316	501	25	to	to	PART
epaa-316	501	26	confirm	confirm	VERB
epaa-316	501	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	501	28	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
epaa-316	501	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	501	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	501	31	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	501	32	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	501	33	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	501	34	collected	collect	VERB
epaa-316	501	35	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	501	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	501	37	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	501	38	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	501	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	502	1	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	502	2	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	502	3	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	502	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	502	5	aggregated	aggregate	VERB
epaa-316	502	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	502	7	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	502	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	502	9	name	name	NOUN
epaa-316	502	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	502	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	502	12	each	each	PRON
epaa-316	502	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	502	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	502	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	502	16	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	502	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	503	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	503	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	503	3	event	event	NOUN
epaa-316	503	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	503	5	a	a	DET
epaa-316	503	6	discrepancy	discrepancy	NOUN
epaa-316	503	7	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	503	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	503	9	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	503	10	sets	set	NOUN
epaa-316	503	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	503	12	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	503	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	503	14	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	503	15	opted	opt	VERB
epaa-316	503	16	to	to	PART
epaa-316	503	17	use	use	VERB
epaa-316	503	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	503	19	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	503	20	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	503	21	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	503	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	504	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	504	2	discrepancy	discrepancy	NOUN
epaa-316	504	3	occurred	occur	VERB
epaa-316	504	4	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	504	5	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	504	6	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	504	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	504	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	504	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	504	10	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	504	11	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	504	12	files	file	NOUN
epaa-316	504	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	505	1	matching	match	VERB
epaa-316	505	2	procedure	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	505	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	505	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	505	5	five	five	NUM
epaa-316	505	6	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	505	7	studied	study	VERB
epaa-316	505	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	505	9	293	293	NUM
epaa-316	505	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	505	11	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	505	12	hired	hire	VERB
epaa-316	505	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	505	14	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	505	15	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	505	16	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	505	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	505	18	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	505	19	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	505	20	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	505	21	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	505	22	met	meet	VERB
epaa-316	505	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	505	24	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-316	505	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	505	26	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	505	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	505	28	this	this	DET
epaa-316	505	29	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	505	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	506	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	506	2	order	order	NOUN
epaa-316	506	3	to	to	PART
epaa-316	506	4	participate	participate	VERB
epaa-316	506	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	506	6	personnel	personnel	NOUN
epaa-316	506	7	files	file	NOUN
epaa-316	506	8	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	506	9	required	require	VERB
epaa-316	506	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	506	11	contain	contain	VERB
epaa-316	506	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	506	13	demographic	demographic	ADJ
epaa-316	506	14	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	506	15	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-316	506	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	506	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	506	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	506	19	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	506	20	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	506	21	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	506	22	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	506	23	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	506	24	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	506	25	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	506	26	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	506	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	507	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	507	2	'	'	PART
epaa-316	507	3	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	507	4	files	file	NOUN
epaa-316	507	5	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	507	6	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	507	7	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	507	8	spss	spss	PROPN
epaa-316	507	9	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	507	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	507	11	sort	sort	VERB
epaa-316	507	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	507	13	files	file	NOUN
epaa-316	507	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	508	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	508	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	508	3	each	each	DET
epaa-316	508	4	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	508	5	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	508	6	first	first	ADV
epaa-316	508	7	categorized	categorize	VERB
epaa-316	508	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	508	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	508	10	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-316	508	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	508	12	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	508	13	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	508	14	status	status	NOUN
epaa-316	508	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	508	16	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	508	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	508	18	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	508	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	508	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	508	21	labeled	label	VERB
epaa-316	508	22	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	508	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	508	24	provisional	provisional	ADJ
epaa-316	508	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	508	26	temporary	temporary	ADJ
epaa-316	508	27	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	508	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	508	29	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	508	30	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	508	31	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	508	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	508	33	constituted	constitute	VERB
epaa-316	508	34	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	508	35	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	508	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	508	37	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	508	38	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	508	39	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	508	40	up	up	ADP
epaa-316	508	41	the	the	DET
epaa-316	508	42	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	508	43	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	508	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	509	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	509	2	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	509	3	each	each	DET
epaa-316	509	4	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	509	5	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	509	6	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	509	7	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	509	8	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	509	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	509	10	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	509	11	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	509	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	509	13	highest	high	ADJ
epaa-316	509	14	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	509	15	attained	attain	VERB
epaa-316	509	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	510	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	510	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	510	3	whom	whom	PRON
epaa-316	510	4	no	no	DET
epaa-316	510	5	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	510	6	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	510	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	510	8	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	510	9	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	510	10	removed	remove	VERB
epaa-316	510	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	510	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	510	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	510	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	511	1	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	511	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	511	3	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	511	4	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	511	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	511	6	following	follow	VERB
epaa-316	511	7	rules	rule	NOUN
epaa-316	511	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	511	9	1	1	X
epaa-316	511	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	511	11	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	511	12	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	511	13	first	first	ADV
epaa-316	511	14	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	511	15	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	511	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	511	17	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	511	18	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	511	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	511	20	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	511	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	511	22	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	511	23	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	511	24	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	511	25	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	511	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	511	27	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	511	28	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	511	29	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	511	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	511	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	511	32	3	3	X
epaa-316	511	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	511	34	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	511	35	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	511	36	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	511	37	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	511	38	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	511	39	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	511	40	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	511	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	512	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	512	2	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	512	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	512	4	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	512	5	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	512	6	rules	rule	NOUN
epaa-316	512	7	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-316	512	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	512	9	minimize	minimize	VERB
epaa-316	512	10	exogenous	exogenous	ADJ
epaa-316	512	11	variables	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	512	12	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-316	512	13	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	512	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	512	15	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	512	16	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	512	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	512	18	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-316	512	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	512	20	socio	socio	NOUN
epaa-316	512	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	512	22	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-316	512	23	status	status	NOUN
epaa-316	512	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	512	25	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	512	26	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	512	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	512	28	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-316	512	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	512	30	etc	etc	X
epaa-316	512	31	.	.	X
epaa-316	513	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	513	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	513	3	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-316	513	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	513	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	513	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	513	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	513	8	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	513	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	513	10	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	513	11	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	513	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	513	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	513	14	an	an	DET
epaa-316	513	15	imperfect	imperfect	ADJ
epaa-316	513	16	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	513	17	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-316	513	18	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-316	513	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	514	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	514	2	identical	identical	ADJ
epaa-316	514	3	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-316	514	4	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	514	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	514	6	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	514	7	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	514	8	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	514	9	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	514	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	514	11	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	514	12	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	514	13	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
epaa-316	514	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	514	15	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-316	514	16	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	514	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	514	18	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	514	19	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
epaa-316	514	20	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	514	21	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	514	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	514	23	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-316	514	24	homogenous	homogenous	ADJ
epaa-316	514	25	geographic	geographic	ADJ
epaa-316	514	26	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-316	514	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	515	1	conversations	conversation	NOUN
epaa-316	515	2	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	515	3	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	515	4	personnel	personnel	NOUN
epaa-316	515	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	515	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	515	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	515	8	course	course	NOUN
epaa-316	515	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	515	10	collecting	collect	VERB
epaa-316	515	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	515	12	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	515	13	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	515	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	515	15	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	515	16	offices	office	NOUN
epaa-316	515	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	515	18	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	515	19	no	no	DET
epaa-316	515	20	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	515	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	515	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	515	23	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	515	24	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	515	25	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	515	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	515	27	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	515	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	515	29	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	515	30	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	515	31	tracked	track	VERB
epaa-316	515	32	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	515	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	515	34	any	any	DET
epaa-316	515	35	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	515	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	516	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	516	2	assignment	assignment	NOUN
epaa-316	516	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	516	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	516	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	516	6	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	516	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	516	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	516	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	516	10	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	516	11	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	516	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	516	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	516	14	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	516	15	to	to	PART
epaa-316	516	16	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	516	17	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	516	18	unbiased	unbiased	ADJ
epaa-316	516	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	517	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
epaa-316	517	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	517	3	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	517	4	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	517	5	no	no	DET
epaa-316	517	6	reason	reason	NOUN
epaa-316	517	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	517	8	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-316	517	9	that	that	DET
epaa-316	517	10	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	517	11	size	size	NOUN
epaa-316	517	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	517	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	517	14	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	517	15	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	517	16	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	517	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	517	18	any	any	DET
epaa-316	517	19	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	517	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	517	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	517	22	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	517	23	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	517	24	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	517	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	517	26	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	517	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	517	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	517	29	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	517	30	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	517	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	518	1	25	25	NUM
epaa-316	518	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	518	3	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	518	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	518	5	cross	cross	ADJ
epaa-316	518	6	-	-	ADJ
epaa-316	518	7	district	district	ADJ
epaa-316	518	8	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	518	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	518	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	518	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	518	12	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	518	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	518	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	518	15	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	518	16	problematic	problematic	ADJ
epaa-316	518	17	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	518	18	the	the	PRON
epaa-316	518	19	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	518	20	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	518	21	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	518	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	519	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	519	2	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	519	3	these	these	DET
epaa-316	519	4	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	519	5	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	519	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	519	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	519	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	519	9	sameness	sameness	NOUN
epaa-316	519	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	519	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	519	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	519	13	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	519	14	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	519	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	520	1	sameness	sameness	NOUN
epaa-316	520	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	520	3	determined	determine	VERB
epaa-316	520	4	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	520	5	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	520	6	collected	collect	VERB
epaa-316	520	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	520	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	520	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	520	10	finance	finance	NOUN
epaa-316	520	11	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	520	12	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	520	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	520	14	a	a	DET
epaa-316	520	15	subdivision	subdivision	NOUN
epaa-316	520	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	520	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	520	18	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	520	19	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	520	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	520	21	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	520	22	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	520	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	520	24	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-316	520	25	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	520	26	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	520	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	520	28	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	520	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	520	30	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	520	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	520	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	521	1	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	521	2	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	521	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	521	4	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	521	5	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-316	521	6	records	record	NOUN
epaa-316	521	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	521	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	521	9	latest	late	ADJ
epaa-316	521	10	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	521	11	available	available	ADJ
epaa-316	521	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	521	13	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	521	14	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	521	15	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-316	521	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	521	17	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	521	18	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	521	19	each	each	PRON
epaa-316	521	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	521	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	521	22	participating	participate	VERB
epaa-316	521	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	521	24	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	521	25	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	521	26	collected	collect	VERB
epaa-316	521	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	521	28	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	521	29	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	521	30	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	521	31	ratio	ratio	NOUN
epaa-316	521	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	521	33	administrative	administrative	ADJ
epaa-316	521	34	ratio	ratio	NOUN
epaa-316	521	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	521	36	median	median	ADJ
epaa-316	521	37	income	income	NOUN
epaa-316	521	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	521	39	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	521	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	521	41	householders	householder	NOUN
epaa-316	521	42	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	521	43	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	521	44	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	521	45	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-316	521	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	521	47	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	521	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	521	49	non	non	ADJ
epaa-316	521	50	-	-	ADJ
epaa-316	521	51	white	white	ADJ
epaa-316	521	52	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	521	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	521	54	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	521	55	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	521	56	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-316	521	57	english	english	ADJ
epaa-316	521	58	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
epaa-316	521	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	521	60	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	521	61	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	521	62	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	521	63	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	521	64	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	521	65	poverty	poverty	NOUN
epaa-316	521	66	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	522	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	522	2	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	522	3	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	522	4	shared	share	VERB
epaa-316	522	5	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	522	6	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	522	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	522	8	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	522	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	522	10	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	522	11	another	another	DET
epaa-316	522	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	523	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	523	2	procedure	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	523	3	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	523	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	523	5	osborn	osborn	PROPN
epaa-316	523	6	elementary	elementary	PROPN
epaa-316	523	7	school	school	PROPN
epaa-316	523	8	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	523	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	523	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	523	11	creighton	creighton	PROPN
epaa-316	523	12	elementary	elementary	PROPN
epaa-316	523	13	school	school	PROPN
epaa-316	523	14	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	523	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	523	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	523	17	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	523	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	523	19	roosevelt	roosevelt	PROPN
epaa-316	523	20	elementary	elementary	PROPN
epaa-316	523	21	school	school	PROPN
epaa-316	523	22	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	523	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	523	24	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-316	523	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	523	26	nogales	nogales	PROPN
epaa-316	523	27	elementary	elementary	PROPN
epaa-316	523	28	school	school	PROPN
epaa-316	523	29	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	523	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	523	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	523	32	murphy	murphy	PROPN
epaa-316	523	33	elementary	elementary	PROPN
epaa-316	523	34	school	school	PROPN
epaa-316	523	35	district	district	PROPN
epaa-316	523	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	524	1	these	these	PRON
epaa-316	524	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	524	3	not	not	PART
epaa-316	524	4	pseudonyms	pseudonym	NOUN
epaa-316	524	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	524	6	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	524	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	524	8	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-316	524	9	names	name	NOUN
epaa-316	524	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	524	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	524	12	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	524	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	524	14	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	524	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	524	16	generously	generously	ADV
epaa-316	524	17	helped	help	VERB
epaa-316	524	18	us	we	PRON
epaa-316	524	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	524	20	this	this	DET
epaa-316	524	21	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	524	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	525	1	synthesizing	synthesize	VERB
epaa-316	525	2	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	525	3	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	525	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	525	5	various	various	ADJ
epaa-316	525	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	525	7	departments	department	NOUN
epaa-316	525	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	525	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	525	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	525	11	greatschools.net	greatschools.net	NOUN
epaa-316	525	12	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	525	13	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	525	14	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	525	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	525	16	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	525	17	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	525	18	to	to	PART
epaa-316	525	19	match	match	VERB
epaa-316	525	20	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	525	21	having	have	VERB
epaa-316	525	22	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	525	23	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	525	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	526	1	sameness	sameness	NOUN
epaa-316	526	2	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	526	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	526	4	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	526	5	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	526	6	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	526	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	526	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	526	9	aims	aim	VERB
epaa-316	526	10	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	526	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	526	12	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	526	13	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	526	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	526	15	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	526	16	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	526	17	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	526	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	526	19	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	526	20	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	526	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	526	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	526	23	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	526	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	526	25	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	526	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	526	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	526	28	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	526	29	masters	master	NOUN
epaa-316	526	30	degrees	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	526	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	526	32	attendance	attendance	NOUN
epaa-316	526	33	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-316	526	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	526	35	open	open	ADJ
epaa-316	526	36	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
epaa-316	526	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	526	38	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	526	39	free	free	ADJ
epaa-316	526	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	526	41	reduced	reduced	ADJ
epaa-316	526	42	lunch	lunch	NOUN
epaa-316	526	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	526	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	526	45	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
epaa-316	526	46	breakdown	breakdown	NOUN
epaa-316	526	47	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	526	48	the	the	DET
epaa-316	526	49	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	526	50	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	526	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	527	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	527	2	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	527	3	support	support	VERB
epaa-316	527	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	527	5	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	527	6	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	527	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	527	8	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	527	9	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	527	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	527	11	nces	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	527	12	finance	finance	NOUN
epaa-316	527	13	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	527	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	527	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	527	16	exception	exception	NOUN
epaa-316	527	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	527	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	527	19	murphy	murphy	PROPN
epaa-316	527	20	school	school	PROPN
epaa-316	527	21	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	527	22	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	527	23	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	527	24	to	to	PART
epaa-316	527	25	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	527	26	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-316	527	27	match	match	VERB
epaa-316	527	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	527	29	creighton	creighton	PROPN
epaa-316	527	30	school	school	PROPN
epaa-316	527	31	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	527	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	528	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	528	2	matching	match	VERB
epaa-316	528	3	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	528	4	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	528	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	528	6	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-316	528	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	528	8	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	528	9	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
epaa-316	528	10	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	528	11	finding	find	VERB
epaa-316	528	12	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	528	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	528	14	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	528	15	serving	serve	VERB
epaa-316	528	16	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	528	17	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	528	18	populations	population	NOUN
epaa-316	528	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	528	20	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	528	21	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-316	528	22	bases	basis	NOUN
epaa-316	528	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	529	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	529	2	assertion	assertion	NOUN
epaa-316	529	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	529	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	529	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	529	6	these	these	DET
epaa-316	529	7	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	529	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	529	9	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	529	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	529	11	sensibly	sensibly	ADV
epaa-316	529	12	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	529	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	529	14	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	529	15	substantiated	substantiate	VERB
epaa-316	529	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	529	17	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	529	18	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	529	19	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
epaa-316	529	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	529	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	529	22	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-316	529	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	529	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	529	25	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	529	26	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	529	27	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	529	28	constitutes	constitute	VERB
epaa-316	529	29	a	a	DET
epaa-316	529	30	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-316	529	31	flaw	flaw	NOUN
epaa-316	529	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	529	33	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	529	34	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	529	35	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	529	36	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	529	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	530	1	random	random	ADJ
epaa-316	530	2	assignment	assignment	NOUN
epaa-316	530	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	530	4	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	530	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	530	6	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	530	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	530	8	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	530	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	530	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	530	11	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-316	530	12	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	530	13	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	530	14	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	530	15	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	530	16	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	530	17	a	a	DET
epaa-316	530	18	stronger	strong	ADJ
epaa-316	530	19	design	design	NOUN
epaa-316	530	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	530	21	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	530	22	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	530	23	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	530	24	not	not	PART
epaa-316	530	25	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-316	530	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	531	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	531	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	531	3	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	531	4	to	to	PART
epaa-316	531	5	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	531	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	531	7	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	531	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	531	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	531	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	531	11	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	531	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	531	13	this	this	DET
epaa-316	531	14	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	531	15	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	531	16	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	531	17	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	531	18	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	531	19	any	any	DET
epaa-316	531	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	531	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	531	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	531	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	531	24	'	'	PART
epaa-316	531	25	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	531	26	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	531	27	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	531	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	531	29	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	531	30	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	531	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	531	32	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
epaa-316	531	33	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	531	34	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	531	35	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	531	36	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	531	37	the	the	DET
epaa-316	531	38	complete	complete	ADJ
epaa-316	531	39	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	531	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	531	41	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	531	42	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	531	43	the	the	DET
epaa-316	531	44	data	data	NOUN
epaa-316	531	45	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	531	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	531	47	n=	n=	ADJ
epaa-316	531	48	293	293	NUM
epaa-316	531	49	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	531	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	532	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	532	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	532	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	532	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	532	6	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	532	7	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	9	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	532	10	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	11	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
epaa-316	532	12	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	532	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	532	14	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	532	15	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	532	16	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	532	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	532	18	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	532	19	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	532	20	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	532	21	datasets	dataset	NOUN
epaa-316	532	22	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	532	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	532	24	n=159	n=159	NUM
epaa-316	532	25	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	532	26	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	532	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	532	28	n=89	n=89	PROPN
epaa-316	532	29	temporary	temporary	ADJ
epaa-316	532	30	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	532	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	532	32	n=19	n=19	VERB
epaa-316	532	33	provisionally	provisionally	ADV
epaa-316	532	34	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	532	35	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	532	36	n=26	n=26	CCONJ
epaa-316	532	37	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	532	38	murphy	murphy	NOUN
epaa-316	532	39	21	21	NUM
epaa-316	532	40	13	13	NUM
epaa-316	532	41	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	532	42	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	43	creighton	creighton	PROPN
epaa-316	532	44	64	64	NUM
epaa-316	532	45	34	34	NUM
epaa-316	532	46	0	0	SYM
epaa-316	532	47	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	48	osborn	osborn	PROPN
epaa-316	532	49	21	21	NUM
epaa-316	532	50	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	51	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	52	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	53	roosevelt	roosevelt	NOUN
epaa-316	532	54	41	41	NUM
epaa-316	532	55	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	532	56	19	19	NUM
epaa-316	532	57	19	19	NUM
epaa-316	532	58	nogales	nogale	NOUN
epaa-316	532	59	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	532	60	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	532	61	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	532	62	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	532	63	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	532	64	26	26	NUM
epaa-316	532	65	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	532	66	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	532	67	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	68	25	25	NUM
epaa-316	532	69	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	532	70	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	532	71	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	532	72	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	532	73	19	19	NUM
epaa-316	532	74	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	532	75	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	76	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	532	77	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	532	78	29	29	NUM
epaa-316	532	79	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	532	80	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	81	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	532	82	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	532	83	24	24	NUM
epaa-316	532	84	13	13	NUM
epaa-316	532	85	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	86	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	87	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	532	88	21	21	NUM
epaa-316	532	89	22	22	NUM
epaa-316	532	90	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	532	91	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	532	92	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	532	93	22	22	NUM
epaa-316	532	94	14	14	NUM
epaa-316	532	95	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	532	96	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	97	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	532	98	19	19	NUM
epaa-316	532	99	16	16	NUM
epaa-316	532	100	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	532	101	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	102	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	532	103	asu	asu	PROPN
epaa-316	532	104	74	74	NUM
epaa-316	532	105	13	13	NUM
epaa-316	532	106	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	532	107	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	532	108	u	u	NOUN
epaa-316	532	109	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	532	110	a	a	DET
epaa-316	532	111	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	532	112	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	532	113	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	114	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	115	nau	nau	NOUN
epaa-316	532	116	16	16	NUM
epaa-316	532	117	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	532	118	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	532	119	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	532	120	u	u	NOUN
epaa-316	532	121	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	532	122	phoenix	phoenix	PROPN
epaa-316	532	123	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	124	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	532	125	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	126	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	127	ottawa	ottawa	PROPN
epaa-316	532	128	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	532	129	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	130	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	131	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	132	grand	grand	ADJ
epaa-316	532	133	canyon	canyon	NOUN
epaa-316	532	134	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	135	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	136	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	137	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	138	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	532	139	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	140	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	532	141	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	142	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	532	143	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	144	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	532	145	public	public	NOUN
epaa-316	532	146	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	147	14	14	NUM
epaa-316	532	148	25	25	NUM
epaa-316	532	149	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	150	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	532	151	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	532	152	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	153	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	532	154	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	155	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	532	156	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	157	small	small	ADJ
epaa-316	532	158	public	public	NOUN
epaa-316	532	159	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	160	13	13	NUM
epaa-316	532	161	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	532	162	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	163	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	164	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	532	165	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	166	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	532	167	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	168	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	532	169	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	170	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	532	171	private	private	ADJ
epaa-316	532	172	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	173	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	532	174	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	532	175	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	176	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	177	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	532	178	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	179	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	532	180	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	181	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	532	182	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	183	small	small	ADJ
epaa-316	532	184	private	private	ADJ
epaa-316	532	185	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	532	186	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	532	187	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	532	188	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	189	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	532	190	foreign	foreign	ADJ
epaa-316	532	191	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	532	192	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	532	193	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	532	194	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	195	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	196	prescott	prescott	PROPN
epaa-316	532	197	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	532	198	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	199	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	200	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	532	201	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	202	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	532	203	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	532	204	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	205	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	206	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	207	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	532	208	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	532	209	n=159	n=159	NUM
epaa-316	532	210	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	532	211	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	532	212	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	532	213	n=89	n=89	PROPN
epaa-316	532	214	temporary	temporary	ADJ
epaa-316	532	215	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	532	216	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	532	217	n=19	n=19	VERB
epaa-316	532	218	provisionally	provisionally	ADV
epaa-316	532	219	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	532	220	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	532	221	n=26	n=26	VERB
epaa-316	532	222	major	major	ADJ
epaa-316	532	223	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	532	224	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	532	225	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	532	226	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	532	227	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	532	228	elem	elem	NOUN
epaa-316	532	229	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	533	1	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-316	533	2	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	534	1	74	74	NUM
epaa-316	534	2	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	534	3	14	14	NUM
epaa-316	534	4	19	19	NUM
epaa-316	534	5	second	second	NOUN
epaa-316	534	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	535	1	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-316	535	2	.	.	NOUN
epaa-316	535	3	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	535	4	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	535	5	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	535	6	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	535	7	early	early	ADJ
epaa-316	535	8	child	child	NOUN
epaa-316	535	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	536	1	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	536	2	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	536	3	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	536	4	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	536	5	c	c	PROPN
epaa-316	536	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	536	7	i	i	PRON
epaa-316	536	8	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	536	9	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	536	10	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	536	11	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	537	1	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-316	537	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	538	1	admin	admin	PROPN
epaa-316	538	2	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	539	1	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	539	2	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	539	3	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	539	4	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	539	5	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ
epaa-316	539	6	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-316	539	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	539	8	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	539	9	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	539	10	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	539	11	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	539	12	spec	spec	NOUN
epaa-316	539	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	540	1	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-316	540	2	.	.	NOUN
epaa-316	540	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	540	4	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	540	5	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	540	6	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	540	7	phys	phy	NOUN
epaa-316	540	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	541	1	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-316	541	2	.	.	NOUN
epaa-316	541	3	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	541	4	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	541	5	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	541	6	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	541	7	liberal	liberal	ADJ
epaa-316	541	8	arts	art	NOUN
epaa-316	541	9	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	541	10	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	541	11	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	541	12	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	541	13	27	27	NUM
epaa-316	541	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	541	15	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	541	16	soc	soc	NOUN
epaa-316	541	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	542	1	sciences	science	NOUN
epaa-316	542	2	23	23	NUM
epaa-316	542	3	25	25	NUM
epaa-316	542	4	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	542	5	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	542	6	sciences	science	NOUN
epaa-316	542	7	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	542	8	17	17	NUM
epaa-316	542	9	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	542	10	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	542	11	business	business	NOUN
epaa-316	542	12	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	542	13	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	542	14	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	542	15	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	542	16	languages	language	NOUN
epaa-316	542	17	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	542	18	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	542	19	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	542	20	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	542	21	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	542	22	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	542	23	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	542	24	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	542	25	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	542	26	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	542	27	ba	ba	NOUN
epaa-316	542	28	126	126	NUM
epaa-316	542	29	77	77	NUM
epaa-316	542	30	17	17	NUM
epaa-316	542	31	25	25	NUM
epaa-316	542	32	ma	ma	PROPN
epaa-316	542	33	32	32	NUM
epaa-316	542	34	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	542	35	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	542	36	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	542	37	phd	phd	NOUN
epaa-316	542	38	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	542	39	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	542	40	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	542	41	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	542	42	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	542	43	status	status	NOUN
epaa-316	543	1	yes	yes	INTJ
epaa-316	543	2	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	543	3	32	32	NUM
epaa-316	543	4	0	0	NUM
epaa-316	543	5	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	543	6	no	no	DET
epaa-316	543	7	159	159	NUM
epaa-316	543	8	57	57	NUM
epaa-316	543	9	19	19	NUM
epaa-316	543	10	24	24	NUM
epaa-316	543	11	note	note	NOUN
epaa-316	543	12	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	543	13	n	n	PROPN
epaa-316	543	14	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	543	15	293	293	NUM
epaa-316	543	16	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	543	17	this	this	DET
epaa-316	543	18	population	population	NOUN
epaa-316	543	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	543	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	543	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	543	22	whom	whom	PRON
epaa-316	543	23	no	no	DET
epaa-316	543	24	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	543	25	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	543	26	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	543	27	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	543	28	removed	remove	VERB
epaa-316	543	29	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	543	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	543	31	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	543	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	544	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	544	2	initial	initial	ADJ
epaa-316	544	3	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	544	4	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	544	5	produced	produce	VERB
epaa-316	544	6	116	116	NUM
epaa-316	544	7	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	544	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	544	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	544	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	544	11	n=232	n=232	PROPN
epaa-316	544	12	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-316	544	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	544	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	544	15	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	544	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	544	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	544	18	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	544	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	544	20	pool	pool	NOUN
epaa-316	544	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	544	22	293	293	NUM
epaa-316	544	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	544	24	thereby	thereby	ADV
epaa-316	544	25	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	544	26	79	79	NUM
epaa-316	544	27	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	544	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	544	29	the	the	DET
epaa-316	544	30	original	original	ADJ
epaa-316	544	31	dataset	dataset	NOUN
epaa-316	544	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	545	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	545	2	undertook	undertake	VERB
epaa-316	545	3	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	545	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	545	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	545	6	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	545	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	545	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	545	9	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	545	10	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	545	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	545	12	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	545	13	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	545	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	546	1	these	these	PRON
epaa-316	546	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	546	3	reported	report	VERB
epaa-316	546	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	546	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	546	6	below	below	ADV
epaa-316	546	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	546	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	546	9	each	each	DET
epaa-316	546	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	546	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	546	12	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	546	13	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-316	546	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	546	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	546	16	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-316	546	17	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	546	18	drawn	draw	VERB
epaa-316	546	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	546	20	n	n	NOUN
epaa-316	546	21	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	546	22	293	293	NUM
epaa-316	546	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	546	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	546	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	546	26	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	546	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	546	28	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	546	29	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	546	30	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	546	31	created	create	VERB
epaa-316	546	32	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	546	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	546	34	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	546	35	procedure	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	546	36	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	546	37	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	546	38	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	546	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	546	40	n	n	NOUN
epaa-316	546	41	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	546	42	232	232	NUM
epaa-316	546	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	546	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	547	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	547	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	547	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	547	4	process	process	NOUN
epaa-316	547	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	547	6	matching	match	VERB
epaa-316	547	7	produced	produce	VERB
epaa-316	547	8	28	28	NUM
epaa-316	547	9	mismatched	mismatched	ADJ
epaa-316	547	10	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	547	11	consisting	consist	VERB
epaa-316	547	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	547	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	547	14	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	547	15	did	do	AUX
epaa-316	547	16	not	not	PART
epaa-316	547	17	share	share	VERB
epaa-316	547	18	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	547	19	score	score	NOUN
epaa-316	547	20	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	547	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	547	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	547	23	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	547	24	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	547	25	administrations	administration	NOUN
epaa-316	547	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	548	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	548	2	occurred	occur	VERB
epaa-316	548	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	548	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	548	5	example	example	NOUN
epaa-316	548	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	548	7	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	548	8	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	548	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	548	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	548	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	548	12	pair	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	548	13	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	548	14	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	548	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	548	16	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	548	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	548	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	548	19	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	548	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	548	21	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	548	22	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	548	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	548	24	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	548	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	549	1	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-316	549	2	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	549	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	549	4	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	549	5	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	549	6	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	549	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	549	8	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	549	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	549	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	549	11	above	above	ADJ
epaa-316	549	12	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	549	13	rules	rule	NOUN
epaa-316	549	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	549	15	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	549	16	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
epaa-316	549	17	cross	cross	NOUN
epaa-316	549	18	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	549	19	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	549	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	550	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	550	2	finally	finally	ADV
epaa-316	550	3	resulted	result	VERB
epaa-316	550	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	550	5	n=109	n=109	NUM
epaa-316	550	6	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	550	7	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	550	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	550	9	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	550	10	74	74	NUM
epaa-316	550	11	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	550	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	550	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	550	14	original	original	ADJ
epaa-316	550	15	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	550	16	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	550	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	551	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	551	2	appendix	appendix	NOUN
epaa-316	551	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	551	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	551	5	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	551	6	contains	contain	VERB
epaa-316	551	7	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
epaa-316	551	8	information	information	NOUN
epaa-316	551	9	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	551	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	551	11	109	109	NUM
epaa-316	551	12	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	551	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	551	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	551	15	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	551	16	comprise	comprise	VERB
epaa-316	551	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	551	18	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	551	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	551	20	this	this	DET
epaa-316	551	21	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	551	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	552	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	552	2	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	552	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	552	4	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	552	5	available	available	ADJ
epaa-316	552	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	552	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	552	8	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
epaa-316	552	9	excell	excell	PROPN
epaa-316	552	10	spreadsheet	spreadsheet	PROPN
epaa-316	552	11	..	..	PUNCT
epaa-316	552	12	matching	match	VERB
epaa-316	552	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	552	14	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	552	15	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	552	16	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	552	17	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	552	18	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	552	19	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	552	20	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	552	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	552	22	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	552	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	552	24	created	create	VERB
epaa-316	552	25	a	a	DET
epaa-316	552	26	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	552	27	inherent	inherent	ADJ
epaa-316	552	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	552	29	archival	archival	NOUN
epaa-316	552	30	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	552	31	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	552	32	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	552	33	this	this	DET
epaa-316	552	34	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	552	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	553	1	to	to	PART
epaa-316	553	2	design	design	VERB
epaa-316	553	3	this	this	DET
epaa-316	553	4	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	553	5	sensibly	sensibly	ADV
epaa-316	553	6	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	553	7	needed	need	VERB
epaa-316	553	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	553	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	553	10	self	self	NOUN
epaa-316	553	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	553	12	contained	contain	VERB
epaa-316	553	13	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-316	553	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	554	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	554	2	departmentalization	departmentalization	NOUN
epaa-316	554	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	554	4	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	554	5	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	554	6	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	554	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	554	8	working	work	VERB
epaa-316	554	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	554	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	554	11	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	554	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	554	13	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	554	14	occurring	occur	VERB
epaa-316	554	15	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	554	16	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	554	17	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	554	18	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	554	19	inferring	infer	VERB
epaa-316	554	20	a	a	DET
epaa-316	554	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	554	22	's	's	PART
epaa-316	554	23	affect	affect	NOUN
epaa-316	554	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	554	25	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	554	26	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-316	554	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	555	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	555	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	555	3	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	555	4	no	no	DET
epaa-316	555	5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	555	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	555	7	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	555	8	went	go	VERB
epaa-316	555	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	555	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	555	11	every	every	DET
epaa-316	555	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	555	13	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	555	14	these	these	DET
epaa-316	555	15	upper	upper	ADJ
epaa-316	555	16	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	555	17	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-316	555	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	556	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	556	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	556	3	told	tell	VERB
epaa-316	556	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	556	5	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	556	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	556	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	556	8	these	these	DET
epaa-316	556	9	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	556	10	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	556	11	little	little	ADJ
epaa-316	556	12	departmentalization	departmentalization	NOUN
epaa-316	556	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	556	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	556	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	556	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	556	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	556	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	556	19	whom	whom	PRON
epaa-316	556	20	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	556	21	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	556	22	files	file	NOUN
epaa-316	556	23	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	556	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	556	25	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	556	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	556	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	556	28	record	record	NOUN
epaa-316	556	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	556	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	556	31	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	556	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	556	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	556	34	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	556	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	557	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	557	2	218	218	NUM
epaa-316	557	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	557	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	557	5	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	557	6	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	557	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	557	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	557	9	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-316	557	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	557	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	557	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	557	13	designated	designate	VERB
epaa-316	557	14	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	557	15	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-316	557	16	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	557	17	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	557	18	responsible	responsible	ADJ
epaa-316	557	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	557	20	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	557	21	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	557	22	's	's	PART
epaa-316	557	23	achievements	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	557	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	557	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	557	26	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	557	27	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	557	28	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	557	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	558	1	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-316	558	2	these	these	PRON
epaa-316	558	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	558	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	558	5	responsible	responsible	ADJ
epaa-316	558	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	558	7	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	558	8	included	include	VERB
epaa-316	558	9	all	all	DET
epaa-316	558	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	558	11	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	558	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	558	13	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	558	14	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	558	15	to	to	PART
epaa-316	558	16	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	558	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	559	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
epaa-316	559	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	559	3	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	559	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	559	5	worried	worry	VERB
epaa-316	559	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	559	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	559	8	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	559	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	559	10	departmentalization	departmentalization	NOUN
epaa-316	559	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	559	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	559	13	upper	upper	ADJ
epaa-316	559	14	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	559	15	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	559	16	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-316	559	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	559	18	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	559	19	ran	run	VERB
epaa-316	559	20	separate	separate	ADJ
epaa-316	559	21	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	559	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	560	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	560	2	set	set	NOUN
epaa-316	560	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	560	4	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	560	5	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	560	6	done	do	VERB
epaa-316	560	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	560	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	560	9	full	full	ADJ
epaa-316	560	10	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	560	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	560	12	109	109	NUM
epaa-316	560	13	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	560	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	560	15	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	560	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	560	17	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	560	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	560	19	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	560	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	560	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	560	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	560	23	another	another	DET
epaa-316	560	24	set	set	NOUN
epaa-316	560	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	560	26	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	560	27	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	560	28	done	do	VERB
epaa-316	560	29	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	560	30	a	a	DET
epaa-316	560	31	reduced	reduced	ADJ
epaa-316	560	32	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	560	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	560	34	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
epaa-316	560	35	all	all	DET
epaa-316	560	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	560	37	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	560	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	560	39	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	560	40	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	560	41	the	the	DET
epaa-316	560	42	7th	7th	ADJ
epaa-316	560	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	560	44	8th	8th	ADJ
epaa-316	560	45	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	560	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	561	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	561	2	appendix	appendix	NOUN
epaa-316	561	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	561	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	561	5	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	561	6	describes	describe	VERB
epaa-316	561	7	all	all	DET
epaa-316	561	8	109	109	NUM
epaa-316	561	9	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	561	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	561	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	561	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	561	13	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	561	14	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	561	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	561	16	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	561	17	identifies	identifie	NOUN
epaa-316	561	18	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	561	19	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	561	20	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	561	21	eliminated	eliminate	VERB
epaa-316	561	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	561	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	561	24	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	561	25	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	561	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	562	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	562	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	562	3	28	28	NUM
epaa-316	562	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	562	5	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	562	6	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-316	562	7	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	562	8	follows	follow	VERB
epaa-316	562	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	562	10	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	562	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	562	12	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	562	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	562	14	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	562	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	562	16	smaller	small	ADJ
epaa-316	562	17	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	562	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	562	19	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	562	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	562	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	562	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	562	23	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	562	24	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	562	25	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	562	26	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	562	27	produces	produce	VERB
epaa-316	562	28	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	562	29	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	562	30	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	562	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	562	32	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	562	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	562	34	the	the	DET
epaa-316	562	35	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-316	562	36	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	562	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	562	38	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	562	39	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	562	40	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	562	41	these	these	DET
epaa-316	562	42	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	562	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	563	1	instruments	instrument	VERB
epaa-316	563	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	563	3	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-316	563	4	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	563	5	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	563	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	563	7	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-316	563	8	edition	edition	NOUN
epaa-316	563	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	563	10	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	563	11	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	563	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	563	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	563	14	a	a	DET
epaa-316	563	15	nationally	nationally	ADV
epaa-316	563	16	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-316	563	17	referenced	reference	VERB
epaa-316	563	18	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-316	563	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	563	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	563	21	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	563	22	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	563	23	all	all	DET
epaa-316	563	24	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	563	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	563	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	563	27	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	563	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	563	29	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	563	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	563	31	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	563	32	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	563	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	563	34	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	563	35	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	563	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	563	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	563	38	this	this	DET
epaa-316	563	39	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	563	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	564	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	564	2	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	564	3	assesses	assesse	NOUN
epaa-316	564	4	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	564	5	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	564	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	564	7	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	564	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	564	9	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	564	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	564	11	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	564	12	arts	art	NOUN
epaa-316	564	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	564	14	harcourt	harcourt	PROPN
epaa-316	564	15	brace	brace	PROPN
epaa-316	564	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	564	17	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-316	564	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	564	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	565	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	565	2	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	565	3	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	565	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	565	5	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-316	565	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	565	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	565	8	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	565	9	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	565	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	565	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	565	12	to	to	PART
epaa-316	565	13	relate	relate	VERB
epaa-316	565	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	565	15	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	565	16	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	565	17	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	565	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	565	19	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	565	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	565	21	use	use	VERB
epaa-316	565	22	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	565	23	a	a	DET
epaa-316	565	24	guide	guide	NOUN
epaa-316	565	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	565	26	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-316	565	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	566	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	566	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	566	3	claimed	claim	VERB
epaa-316	566	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	566	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	566	6	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	566	7	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	566	8	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	566	9	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	566	10	70	70	NUM
epaa-316	566	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	566	12	80	80	NUM
epaa-316	566	13	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	566	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	566	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	566	16	material	material	NOUN
epaa-316	566	17	outlined	outline	VERB
epaa-316	566	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	566	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	566	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	566	21	's	's	PART
epaa-316	566	22	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	566	23	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	566	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	566	25	ade	ade	NOUN
epaa-316	566	26	personal	personal	ADJ
epaa-316	566	27	communication	communication	NOUN
epaa-316	566	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	566	29	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	566	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	566	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	567	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	567	2	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	567	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	567	4	strongest	strong	ADJ
epaa-316	567	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	567	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	567	7	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	567	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	567	9	mathematics	mathematics	NOUN
epaa-316	567	10	subtests	subtest	NOUN
epaa-316	567	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	567	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	567	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	567	14	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	567	15	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	567	16	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	567	17	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	567	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	568	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	568	2	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	568	3	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	568	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	568	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	568	6	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	568	7	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	568	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	568	9	not	not	PART
epaa-316	568	10	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	568	11	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	568	12	related	relate	VERB
epaa-316	568	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	568	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	568	15	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	568	16	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	568	17	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	568	18	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	568	19	not	not	PART
epaa-316	568	20	require	require	VERB
epaa-316	568	21	a	a	DET
epaa-316	568	22	writing	writing	NOUN
epaa-316	568	23	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	568	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	568	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	568	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	568	27	an	an	DET
epaa-316	568	28	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-316	568	29	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	568	30	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	568	31	promoted	promote	VERB
epaa-316	568	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	568	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	568	34	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	568	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	569	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	569	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	569	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	569	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	569	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	569	6	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	569	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	569	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	569	9	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	569	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	569	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	569	12	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	569	13	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	569	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	569	15	a	a	DET
epaa-316	569	16	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-316	569	17	indicator	indicator	NOUN
epaa-316	569	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	569	19	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	569	20	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	569	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	569	22	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
epaa-316	569	23	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	569	24	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	569	25	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	569	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	569	27	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	569	28	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	569	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	569	30	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	569	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	570	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
epaa-316	570	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	570	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	570	4	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	570	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	570	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	570	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	570	8	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	570	9	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	570	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	570	11	an	an	DET
epaa-316	570	12	indicator	indicator	NOUN
epaa-316	570	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	570	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	570	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	570	16	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	570	17	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	570	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	571	1	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-316	571	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	572	1	once	once	SCONJ
epaa-316	572	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	572	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	572	4	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	572	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	572	6	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	572	7	another	another	DET
epaa-316	572	8	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	572	9	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-316	572	10	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	572	11	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	572	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	572	13	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-316	572	14	edition	edition	NOUN
epaa-316	572	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	572	16	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	572	17	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	572	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	572	19	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	572	20	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	572	21	aggregated	aggregate	VERB
epaa-316	572	22	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	572	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	572	24	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	572	25	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	572	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	573	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	573	2	each	each	DET
epaa-316	573	3	pair	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	573	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	573	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	573	6	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	573	7	mean	mean	ADJ
epaa-316	573	8	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	573	9	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-316	573	10	curve	curve	NOUN
epaa-316	573	11	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
epaa-316	573	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	573	13	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	573	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	573	15	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	573	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	573	17	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	573	18	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	573	19	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	573	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	573	21	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	573	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	573	23	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	573	24	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	573	25	analyzed	analyze	VERB
epaa-316	573	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	574	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	574	2	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	574	3	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	574	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	574	5	a	a	DET
epaa-316	574	6	type	type	NOUN
epaa-316	574	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	574	8	normalized	normalize	VERB
epaa-316	574	9	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-316	574	10	score	score	NOUN
epaa-316	574	11	resulting	result	VERB
epaa-316	574	12	form	form	NOUN
epaa-316	574	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	574	14	division	division	NOUN
epaa-316	574	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	574	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	574	17	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-316	574	18	curve	curve	NOUN
epaa-316	574	19	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	574	20	99	99	NUM
epaa-316	574	21	equal	equal	ADJ
epaa-316	574	22	units	unit	NOUN
epaa-316	574	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	575	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	575	2	score	score	NOUN
epaa-316	575	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	575	4	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-316	575	5	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	575	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	575	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	575	8	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-316	575	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	575	10	enabling	enable	VERB
epaa-316	575	11	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	575	12	to	to	PART
epaa-316	575	13	interpret	interpret	VERB
epaa-316	575	14	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	575	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	575	16	nces	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	575	17	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	575	18	readily	readily	ADV
epaa-316	575	19	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	575	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	575	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	575	22	equal	equal	ADJ
epaa-316	575	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	575	24	interval	interval	NOUN
epaa-316	575	25	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-316	575	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	575	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	575	28	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	575	29	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	575	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	576	1	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	576	2	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	576	3	nces	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	576	4	obtained	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	576	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	576	6	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	576	7	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	576	8	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	576	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	576	10	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	576	11	meaning	meaning	NOUN
epaa-316	576	12	regardless	regardless	ADV
epaa-316	576	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	576	14	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	576	15	part	part	NOUN
epaa-316	576	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	576	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	576	18	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-316	576	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	576	20	referenced	reference	VERB
epaa-316	576	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	577	1	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-316	577	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	577	3	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-316	577	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	577	5	this	this	DET
epaa-316	577	6	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	577	7	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-316	577	8	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	577	9	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	577	10	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	577	11	not	not	PART
epaa-316	577	12	collected	collect	VERB
epaa-316	577	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	577	14	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	577	15	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	577	16	not	not	PART
epaa-316	577	17	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	577	18	reported	report	VERB
epaa-316	577	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	578	1	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	578	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	578	3	matching	match	VERB
epaa-316	578	4	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	578	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	578	6	credibility	credibility	NOUN
epaa-316	578	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	578	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	578	9	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	578	10	procedure	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	578	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	578	12	pairing	pair	VERB
epaa-316	578	13	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	578	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	578	15	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	578	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	578	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	578	18	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	578	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	578	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	578	21	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
epaa-316	578	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	578	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	578	24	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	578	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	578	26	this	this	DET
epaa-316	578	27	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	578	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	579	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-316	579	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	579	3	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	579	4	undertook	undertake	VERB
epaa-316	579	5	some	some	DET
epaa-316	579	6	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	579	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	579	8	explore	explore	VERB
epaa-316	579	9	that	that	DET
epaa-316	579	10	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	579	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	580	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	580	2	began	begin	VERB
epaa-316	580	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	580	4	looking	look	VERB
epaa-316	580	5	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	580	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	580	7	similarity	similarity	NOUN
epaa-316	580	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	580	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	580	10	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	580	11	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	580	12	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	580	13	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	580	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	580	15	each	each	DET
epaa-316	580	16	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	580	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	580	18	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	580	19	to	to	PART
epaa-316	580	20	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	580	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	580	22	comparability	comparability	NOUN
epaa-316	580	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	580	24	each	each	DET
epaa-316	580	25	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	580	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	580	27	a	a	DET
epaa-316	580	28	check	check	NOUN
epaa-316	580	29	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	580	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	580	31	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	580	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	580	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	580	34	sameness	sameness	NOUN
epaa-316	580	35	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	580	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	580	37	each	each	DET
epaa-316	580	38	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	580	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	580	40	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	580	41	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	580	42	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	580	43	another	another	DET
epaa-316	580	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	581	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	581	2	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	581	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	581	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	581	5	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	581	6	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	581	7	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	581	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	581	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	581	10	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	581	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	581	12	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	581	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	581	14	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	581	15	sub	sub	NOUN
epaa-316	581	16	-	-	NOUN
epaa-316	581	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	581	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	581	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	581	20	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	581	21	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	581	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	581	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	581	24	both	both	PRON
epaa-316	581	25	the	the	DET
epaa-316	581	26	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	581	27	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	581	28	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	581	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	581	30	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	581	31	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	581	32	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	581	33	data	data	NOUN
epaa-316	581	34	sets	set	NOUN
epaa-316	581	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	582	1	alpha	alpha	NOUN
epaa-316	582	2	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-316	582	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	582	4	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	582	5	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	582	6	p=	p=	PROPN
epaa-316	582	7	.05	.05	NUM
epaa-316	582	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	583	1	matching	match	VERB
epaa-316	583	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	583	3	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	583	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	583	5	to	to	PART
epaa-316	583	6	answer	answer	VERB
epaa-316	583	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	583	8	question	question	NOUN
epaa-316	583	9	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	583	10	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	583	11	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	583	12	'	'	PART
epaa-316	583	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	583	14	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	583	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	583	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	583	17	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	583	18	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	583	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	583	20	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	583	21	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	583	22	a	a	DET
epaa-316	583	23	function	function	NOUN
epaa-316	583	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	583	25	which	which	DET
epaa-316	583	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	583	27	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	583	28	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-316	583	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	583	30	a	a	DET
epaa-316	583	31	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	583	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	583	33	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	583	34	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	583	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	583	36	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-316	583	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	583	38	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	583	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	583	40	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	583	41	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	583	42	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	583	43	the	the	DET
epaa-316	583	44	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-316	583	45	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	583	46	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	583	47	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	583	48	n=293	n=293	X
epaa-316	583	49	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	583	50	to	to	PART
epaa-316	583	51	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	583	52	the	the	DET
epaa-316	583	53	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	583	54	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	583	55	the	the	DET
epaa-316	583	56	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	583	57	assignments	assignment	NOUN
epaa-316	583	58	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	583	59	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	583	60	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	583	61	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	583	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	584	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	584	2	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-316	584	3	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	584	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	584	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	584	6	'	'	PART
epaa-316	584	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	584	8	assignment	assignment	NOUN
epaa-316	584	9	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	584	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	584	11	dependent	dependent	ADJ
epaa-316	584	12	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	584	13	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	584	14	mean	mean	ADJ
epaa-316	584	15	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	584	16	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	584	17	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	584	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	584	19	these	these	DET
epaa-316	584	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	584	21	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	584	22	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	584	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	584	24	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-316	584	25	curve	curve	NOUN
epaa-316	584	26	equivalents	equivalent	NOUN
epaa-316	584	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	584	28	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	584	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	584	30	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	584	31	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	584	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	584	33	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	584	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	584	35	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	584	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	584	37	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	584	38	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	584	39	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	584	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	584	41	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	584	42	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	584	43	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	584	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	585	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	585	2	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	585	3	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	585	4	not	not	PART
epaa-316	585	5	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	585	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	585	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	585	8	exception	exception	NOUN
epaa-316	585	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	585	10	mathematics	mathematics	NOUN
epaa-316	585	11	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	585	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	585	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	585	14	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	585	15	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	585	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	586	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	586	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	586	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	586	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	586	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	586	6	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	586	7	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	586	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	587	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	587	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	587	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	587	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	587	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	587	6	overall	overall	ADV
epaa-316	587	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	587	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	587	9	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	587	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	587	11	whom	whom	PRON
epaa-316	587	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	587	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	587	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	587	15	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	587	16	came	come	VERB
epaa-316	587	17	showed	show	VERB
epaa-316	587	18	no	no	DET
epaa-316	587	19	statistically	statistically	ADV
epaa-316	587	20	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	587	21	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	587	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	587	23	each	each	DET
epaa-316	587	24	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	587	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	587	26	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-316	587	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	587	28	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	587	29	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	587	30	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	587	31	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	587	32	the	the	DET
epaa-316	587	33	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	587	34	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	587	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	587	36	29	29	NUM
epaa-316	587	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	587	38	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	587	39	except	except	SCONJ
epaa-316	587	40	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	587	41	the	the	DET
epaa-316	587	42	special	special	ADJ
epaa-316	587	43	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	587	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	587	45	mathematics	mathematics	NOUN
epaa-316	587	46	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	587	47	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	587	48	the	the	DET
epaa-316	587	49	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	587	50	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	587	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	587	52	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	587	53	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	587	54	41,190	41,190	NUM
epaa-316	587	55	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	587	56	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	587	57	1.65	1.65	NUM
epaa-316	587	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	587	59	p	p	X
epaa-316	587	60	=	=	NOUN
epaa-316	587	61	.01	.01	NUM
epaa-316	587	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	588	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	588	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	588	3	unlikely	unlikely	ADJ
epaa-316	588	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	588	5	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	588	6	are	be	VERB
epaa-316	588	7	inherent	inherent	ADJ
epaa-316	588	8	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	588	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	588	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	588	11	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	588	12	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	588	13	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	588	14	bias	bias	VERB
epaa-316	588	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	588	16	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	588	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	588	18	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
epaa-316	588	19	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	588	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	589	1	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	589	2	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	589	3	anova	anova	X
epaa-316	589	4	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	589	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	589	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	589	7	sameness	sameness	NOUN
epaa-316	589	8	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	589	9	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	589	10	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	589	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	589	12	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	589	13	sum	sum	NOUN
epaa-316	589	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	589	15	squares	square	NOUN
epaa-316	589	16	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	589	17	mean	mean	PROPN
epaa-316	589	18	square	square	PROPN
epaa-316	589	19	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	589	20	sig	sig	PROPN
epaa-316	589	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	590	1	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	590	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	590	3	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	590	4	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	5	2853.47	2853.47	NUM
epaa-316	590	6	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	590	7	79.26	79.26	NUM
epaa-316	590	8	1.00	1.00	NUM
epaa-316	590	9	0.487	0.487	NUM
epaa-316	590	10	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	590	11	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	12	7389.23	7389.23	NUM
epaa-316	590	13	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	590	14	79.45	79.45	NUM
epaa-316	590	15	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	590	16	10242.70	10242.70	NUM
epaa-316	590	17	129	129	NUM
epaa-316	590	18	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	590	19	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	590	20	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	590	21	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	22	2801.62	2801.62	NUM
epaa-316	590	23	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	590	24	77.82	77.82	NUM
epaa-316	590	25	1.07	1.07	NUM
epaa-316	590	26	0.385	0.385	NUM
epaa-316	590	27	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	590	28	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	29	6753.20	6753.20	NUM
epaa-316	590	30	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	590	31	72.62	72.62	NUM
epaa-316	590	32	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	590	33	9554.82	9554.82	NUM
epaa-316	590	34	129	129	NUM
epaa-316	590	35	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	590	36	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	590	37	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	590	38	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	39	3887.73	3887.73	NUM
epaa-316	590	40	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	590	41	107.99	107.99	NUM
epaa-316	590	42	1.20	1.20	NUM
epaa-316	590	43	0.237	0.237	NUM
epaa-316	590	44	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	590	45	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	46	8341.16	8341.16	NUM
epaa-316	590	47	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	590	48	89.69	89.69	NUM
epaa-316	590	49	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	590	50	12228.89	12228.89	NUM
epaa-316	590	51	129	129	NUM
epaa-316	590	52	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	590	53	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	590	54	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	590	55	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	56	4621.26	4621.26	NUM
epaa-316	590	57	41	41	NUM
epaa-316	590	58	112.71	112.71	NUM
epaa-316	590	59	1.42	1.42	NUM
epaa-316	590	60	0.060	0.060	NUM
epaa-316	590	61	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	590	62	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	63	15037.23	15037.23	NUM
epaa-316	590	64	190	190	NUM
epaa-316	590	65	79.14	79.14	NUM
epaa-316	590	66	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	590	67	19658.49	19658.49	NUM
epaa-316	590	68	231	231	NUM
epaa-316	590	69	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	590	70	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	590	71	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	590	72	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	73	6176.95	6176.95	NUM
epaa-316	590	74	41	41	NUM
epaa-316	590	75	150.66	150.66	NUM
epaa-316	590	76	1.65	1.65	NUM
epaa-316	590	77	0.014	0.014	NUM
epaa-316	590	78	*	*	VERB
epaa-316	590	79	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	590	80	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	81	17398.93	17398.93	NUM
epaa-316	590	82	190	190	NUM
epaa-316	590	83	91.57	91.57	NUM
epaa-316	590	84	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	590	85	23575.88	23575.88	NUM
epaa-316	590	86	231	231	NUM
epaa-316	590	87	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	590	88	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	590	89	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	590	90	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	91	4831.13	4831.13	NUM
epaa-316	590	92	41	41	NUM
epaa-316	590	93	117.83	117.83	NUM
epaa-316	590	94	1.37	1.37	NUM
epaa-316	590	95	0.083	0.083	NUM
epaa-316	590	96	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	590	97	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	590	98	16363.21	16363.21	NUM
epaa-316	590	99	190	190	NUM
epaa-316	590	100	86.12	86.12	NUM
epaa-316	590	101	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	590	102	21194.3404	21194.3404	NUM
epaa-316	590	103	231	231	NUM
epaa-316	590	104	note	note	NOUN
epaa-316	590	105	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	591	1	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	591	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	591	3	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-316	591	4	p	p	NOUN
epaa-316	591	5	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	591	6	.05	.05	NUM
epaa-316	591	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	591	8	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	591	9	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	591	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	591	11	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	591	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	591	13	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	591	14	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	591	15	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	591	16	bg=	bg=	NOUN
epaa-316	591	17	each	each	DET
epaa-316	591	18	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	591	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	591	20	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-316	591	21	n=	n=	ADJ
epaa-316	591	22	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	591	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	591	24	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	591	25	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	591	26	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	591	27	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	591	28	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	591	29	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	591	30	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	591	31	each	each	DET
epaa-316	591	32	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	591	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	591	34	130	130	NUM
epaa-316	591	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	591	36	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	591	37	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	591	38	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	591	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	591	40	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	591	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	591	42	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	591	43	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	591	44	130	130	NUM
epaa-316	591	45	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	591	46	37=93	37=93	NUM
epaa-316	591	47	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	591	48	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	591	49	=	=	PUNCT
epaa-316	591	50	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	591	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	591	52	130	130	NUM
epaa-316	591	53	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	591	54	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	591	55	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	591	56	129	129	NUM
epaa-316	591	57	to	to	PART
epaa-316	591	58	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	591	59	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	591	60	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	591	61	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	591	62	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	591	63	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	591	64	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	591	65	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	1	bg	bg	X
epaa-316	592	2	=	=	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	3	each	each	DET
epaa-316	592	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	592	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	592	6	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-316	592	7	n	n	NOUN
epaa-316	592	8	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	592	9	42	42	NUM
epaa-316	592	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	11	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	592	12	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	592	13	42	42	NUM
epaa-316	592	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	15	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	592	16	41	41	NUM
epaa-316	592	17	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	592	18	each	each	DET
epaa-316	592	19	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	592	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	21	232	232	NUM
epaa-316	592	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	23	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	24	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	592	25	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	592	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	27	42	42	NUM
epaa-316	592	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	29	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	592	30	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	592	31	232	232	NUM
epaa-316	592	32	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	592	33	42	42	NUM
epaa-316	592	34	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	592	35	190	190	NUM
epaa-316	592	36	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	592	37	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	592	38	=	=	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	39	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	592	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	41	232	232	NUM
epaa-316	592	42	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	592	43	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	592	44	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	592	45	231	231	NUM
epaa-316	592	46	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	592	47	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	592	48	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	592	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	50	to	to	PART
epaa-316	592	51	answer	answer	VERB
epaa-316	592	52	the	the	DET
epaa-316	592	53	question	question	NOUN
epaa-316	592	54	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	592	55	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	592	56	the	the	DET
epaa-316	592	57	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	592	58	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	592	59	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	592	60	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	592	61	whose	whose	DET
epaa-316	592	62	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	592	63	might	might	AUX
epaa-316	592	64	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	592	65	paired	pair	VERB
epaa-316	592	66	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	592	67	later	later	ADJ
epaa-316	592	68	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	592	69	differed	differ	VERB
epaa-316	592	70	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	592	71	a	a	DET
epaa-316	592	72	function	function	NOUN
epaa-316	592	73	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	592	74	which	which	DET
epaa-316	592	75	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	592	76	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	592	77	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-316	592	78	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	79	a	a	DET
epaa-316	592	80	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	592	81	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	82	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	592	83	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	592	84	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	592	85	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-316	592	86	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	87	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	592	88	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	89	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	592	90	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	592	91	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	592	92	the	the	DET
epaa-316	592	93	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-316	592	94	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	592	95	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	592	96	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	97	n=293	n=293	X
epaa-316	592	98	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	592	99	to	to	PART
epaa-316	592	100	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	592	101	the	the	DET
epaa-316	592	102	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	592	103	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	592	104	the	the	DET
epaa-316	592	105	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	592	106	assignments	assignment	NOUN
epaa-316	592	107	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	592	108	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	592	109	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	592	110	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	592	111	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	593	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	593	2	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-316	593	3	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	593	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	593	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	593	6	'	'	PART
epaa-316	593	7	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	593	8	assignment	assignment	NOUN
epaa-316	593	9	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	593	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	593	11	dependent	dependent	ADJ
epaa-316	593	12	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	593	13	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	593	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	593	15	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	593	16	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	593	17	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	593	18	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	593	19	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	593	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	593	21	these	these	DET
epaa-316	593	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	593	23	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	593	24	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	593	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	593	26	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-316	593	27	curve	curve	NOUN
epaa-316	593	28	30	30	NUM
epaa-316	593	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	593	30	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	593	31	equivalents	equivalent	NOUN
epaa-316	593	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	593	33	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	593	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	593	35	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	593	36	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	593	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	593	38	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	593	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	593	40	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	593	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	593	42	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	593	43	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	593	44	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	593	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	593	46	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	593	47	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	593	48	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	593	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	594	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	594	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	594	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	594	4	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	594	5	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	594	6	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	594	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	594	8	mean	mean	ADJ
epaa-316	594	9	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	594	10	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	594	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	594	12	all	all	DET
epaa-316	594	13	subtests	subtest	NOUN
epaa-316	594	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	594	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	594	16	both	both	DET
epaa-316	594	17	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	594	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	594	19	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	594	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	595	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	595	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	595	3	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	595	4	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	595	5	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	595	6	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	595	7	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	595	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	595	9	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	595	10	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	595	11	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	595	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	595	13	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	595	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	595	15	4,126	4,126	NUM
epaa-316	595	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	595	17	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	595	18	3.20	3.20	NUM
epaa-316	595	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	595	20	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	595	21	.02	.02	NUM
epaa-316	595	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	595	23	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	595	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	595	25	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	595	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	595	27	4,126	4,126	NUM
epaa-316	595	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	595	29	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	596	1	2.81	2.81	NUM
epaa-316	596	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	596	3	p=	p=	PROPN
epaa-316	596	4	.03	.03	NUM
epaa-316	596	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	596	6	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	596	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	596	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	596	9	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	596	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	596	11	4,126	4,126	NUM
epaa-316	596	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	596	13	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	596	14	3.38	3.38	NUM
epaa-316	596	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	596	16	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	596	17	.01	.01	NUM
epaa-316	596	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	596	19	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	596	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	597	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	597	3	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	597	4	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	597	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	597	6	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	597	7	set	set	NOUN
epaa-316	597	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	9	f	f	X
epaa-316	597	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	11	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	597	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	13	228	228	NUM
epaa-316	597	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	15	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	597	16	8.19	8.19	NUM
epaa-316	597	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	18	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	597	19	.01	.01	NUM
epaa-316	597	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	597	21	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	597	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	23	f	f	X
epaa-316	597	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	25	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	597	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	27	228	228	NUM
epaa-316	597	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	29	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	597	30	8.75	8.75	NUM
epaa-316	597	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	32	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	597	33	.01	.01	NUM
epaa-316	597	34	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	597	35	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	597	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	597	38	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	597	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	40	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	597	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	42	228	228	NUM
epaa-316	597	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	44	=	=	SYM
epaa-316	597	45	6.93	6.93	NUM
epaa-316	597	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	597	47	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	597	48	.01	.01	NUM
epaa-316	597	49	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	597	50	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	597	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	598	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	598	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	598	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	598	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	598	5	below	below	ADP
epaa-316	598	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	598	7	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	598	8	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	598	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	598	10	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	598	11	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	598	12	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	598	13	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	598	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	598	15	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	598	16	sameness	sameness	NOUN
epaa-316	598	17	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	598	18	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	598	19	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	598	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	598	21	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	598	22	sum	sum	NOUN
epaa-316	598	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	598	24	squares	square	NOUN
epaa-316	598	25	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	598	26	mean	mean	PROPN
epaa-316	598	27	square	square	PROPN
epaa-316	598	28	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	598	29	sig	sig	PROPN
epaa-316	598	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	599	1	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	599	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	599	3	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	599	4	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	599	5	957.57	957.57	NUM
epaa-316	599	6	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	599	7	239.39	239.39	NUM
epaa-316	599	8	3.20	3.20	NUM
epaa-316	599	9	0.015	0.015	NUM
epaa-316	599	10	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	599	11	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	599	12	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	599	13	9413.53	9413.53	NUM
epaa-316	599	14	126	126	NUM
epaa-316	599	15	74.71	74.71	NUM
epaa-316	599	16	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	599	17	10371.10	10371.10	NUM
epaa-316	599	18	130	130	NUM
epaa-316	599	19	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	599	20	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	599	21	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	599	22	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	599	23	799.17	799.17	NUM
epaa-316	599	24	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	599	25	199.79	199.79	NUM
epaa-316	599	26	2.81	2.81	NUM
epaa-316	599	27	0.028	0.028	NUM
epaa-316	599	28	*	*	VERB
epaa-316	599	29	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	599	30	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	599	31	8964.88	8964.88	NUM
epaa-316	599	32	126	126	NUM
epaa-316	599	33	71.15	71.15	NUM
epaa-316	599	34	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	599	35	9764.05	9764.05	NUM
epaa-316	599	36	130	130	NUM
epaa-316	599	37	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	599	38	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	599	39	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	599	40	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	599	41	1183.68	1183.68	NUM
epaa-316	600	1	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	600	2	295.92	295.92	NUM
epaa-316	600	3	3.38	3.38	NUM
epaa-316	600	4	0.011	0.011	NUM
epaa-316	600	5	*	*	VERB
epaa-316	600	6	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	600	7	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	600	8	11045.56	11045.56	NUM
epaa-316	600	9	126	126	NUM
epaa-316	600	10	87.66	87.66	NUM
epaa-316	600	11	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	600	12	12229.24	12229.24	NUM
epaa-316	600	13	130	130	NUM
epaa-316	600	14	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	600	15	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	600	16	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	600	17	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	600	18	2471.10	2471.10	NUM
epaa-316	600	19	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	600	20	617.78	617.78	NUM
epaa-316	600	21	8.19	8.19	NUM
epaa-316	600	22	.000	.000	NUM
epaa-316	600	23	*	*	VERB
epaa-316	600	24	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	600	25	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	600	26	17200.50	17200.50	NUM
epaa-316	600	27	228	228	NUM
epaa-316	600	28	75.44	75.44	NUM
epaa-316	600	29	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	600	30	19671.60	19671.60	NUM
epaa-316	600	31	232	232	NUM
epaa-316	600	32	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	600	33	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	600	34	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	600	35	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	600	36	3144.95	3144.95	NUM
epaa-316	600	37	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	600	38	786.24	786.24	NUM
epaa-316	600	39	8.75	8.75	NUM
epaa-316	600	40	.000	.000	NUM
epaa-316	600	41	*	*	VERB
epaa-316	600	42	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	600	43	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	600	44	20486.51	20486.51	NUM
epaa-316	600	45	228	228	NUM
epaa-316	600	46	89.85	89.85	NUM
epaa-316	600	47	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	600	48	23631.46	23631.46	NUM
epaa-316	600	49	232	232	NUM
epaa-316	600	50	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	600	51	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	600	52	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	600	53	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	600	54	2297.24	2297.24	NUM
epaa-316	600	55	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	600	56	574.31	574.31	NUM
epaa-316	600	57	6.93	6.93	NUM
epaa-316	600	58	.000	.000	NUM
epaa-316	600	59	*	*	VERB
epaa-316	600	60	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	600	61	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	600	62	18902.61	18902.61	NUM
epaa-316	600	63	228	228	NUM
epaa-316	600	64	82.91	82.91	NUM
epaa-316	600	65	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	600	66	21199.85	21199.85	NUM
epaa-316	600	67	232	232	NUM
epaa-316	600	68	note	note	NOUN
epaa-316	600	69	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	1	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	601	3	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-316	601	4	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	601	5	.05	.05	NUM
epaa-316	601	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	601	7	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	601	8	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	601	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	601	10	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	601	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	601	12	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	601	13	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	601	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	15	bg=	bg=	NOUN
epaa-316	601	16	each	each	DET
epaa-316	601	17	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	601	18	n=	n=	ADV
epaa-316	601	19	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	601	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	21	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	601	22	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	601	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	24	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	601	25	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	601	26	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	601	27	each	each	DET
epaa-316	601	28	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	601	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	30	131	131	NUM
epaa-316	601	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	32	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	33	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	601	34	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	601	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	36	5	5	X
epaa-316	601	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	38	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	601	39	131	131	NUM
epaa-316	601	40	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	41	5=126	5=126	NUM
epaa-316	601	42	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	601	43	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	601	44	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	601	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	46	131	131	NUM
epaa-316	601	47	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	601	48	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	601	49	130	130	NUM
epaa-316	601	50	to	to	PART
epaa-316	601	51	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	601	52	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	601	53	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	601	54	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	601	55	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	601	56	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	601	57	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	601	58	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	59	bg=	bg=	NOUN
epaa-316	601	60	each	each	DET
epaa-316	601	61	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	601	62	n=	n=	ADV
epaa-316	601	63	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	601	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	65	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	601	66	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	601	67	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	68	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	601	69	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	601	70	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	601	71	each	each	DET
epaa-316	601	72	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	601	73	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	74	233	233	NUM
epaa-316	601	75	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	76	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	77	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	601	78	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	601	79	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	80	5	5	X
epaa-316	601	81	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	82	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	601	83	233	233	NUM
epaa-316	601	84	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	601	85	5=228	5=228	NUM
epaa-316	601	86	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	601	87	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	601	88	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	601	89	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	601	90	233	233	NUM
epaa-316	601	91	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	601	92	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	601	93	232	232	NUM
epaa-316	601	94	the	the	DET
epaa-316	601	95	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	601	96	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	601	97	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	601	98	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	601	99	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	601	100	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	601	101	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	601	102	the	the	DET
epaa-316	601	103	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	601	104	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	601	105	the	the	DET
epaa-316	601	106	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	601	107	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	601	108	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	601	109	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	601	110	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	601	111	statistically	statistically	ADV
epaa-316	601	112	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	601	113	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	601	114	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	601	115	another	another	DET
epaa-316	601	116	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	601	117	the	the	DET
epaa-316	601	118	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	601	119	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	601	120	comprise	comprise	VERB
epaa-316	601	121	the	the	DET
epaa-316	601	122	population	population	NOUN
epaa-316	601	123	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	601	124	31	31	NUM
epaa-316	601	125	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	601	126	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	601	127	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	601	128	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	601	129	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	601	130	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	601	131	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	601	132	analyzed	analyze	VERB
epaa-316	601	133	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	602	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	602	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	602	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	602	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	602	5	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	602	6	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	602	7	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	602	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	602	9	match	match	VERB
epaa-316	602	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	602	11	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	602	12	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	602	13	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	602	14	not	not	PART
epaa-316	602	15	faultless	faultless	ADJ
epaa-316	602	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	603	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	603	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	603	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	603	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	603	5	mean	mean	ADJ
epaa-316	603	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	603	7	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	603	8	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	603	9	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	603	10	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-316	603	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	603	12	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	603	13	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	603	14	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	603	15	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	603	16	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	603	17	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	603	18	an	an	DET
epaa-316	603	19	outlier	outlier	NOUN
epaa-316	603	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	603	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	603	22	slightly	slightly	ADV
epaa-316	603	23	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	603	24	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	603	25	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	603	26	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	603	27	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	603	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	603	29	others	other	NOUN
epaa-316	603	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	604	1	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-316	604	2	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	604	3	38	38	NUM
epaa-316	604	4	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	604	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	604	6	all	all	DET
epaa-316	604	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	604	8	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	604	9	to	to	PART
epaa-316	604	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	604	11	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	604	12	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	604	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	604	14	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	604	15	another	another	DET
epaa-316	604	16	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	604	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	604	18	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	604	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	604	20	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-316	604	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	604	22	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-316	604	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	604	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	604	25	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	604	26	a	a	DET
epaa-316	604	27	small	small	ADJ
epaa-316	604	28	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	604	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	604	30	those	those	DET
epaa-316	604	31	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	604	32	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	604	33	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	604	34	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	604	35	problematic	problematic	ADJ
epaa-316	604	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	604	37	totaling	total	VERB
epaa-316	604	38	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	604	39	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	604	40	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	604	41	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	604	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	604	43	all	all	DET
epaa-316	604	44	the	the	DET
epaa-316	604	45	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	604	46	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	604	47	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	604	48	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	604	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	605	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	605	2	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-316	605	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	605	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	605	5	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	605	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	605	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	605	8	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	605	9	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	605	10	lines	line	NOUN
epaa-316	605	11	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	605	12	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	605	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	605	14	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-316	605	15	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-316	605	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	605	17	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	605	18	sameness	sameness	NOUN
epaa-316	605	19	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	605	20	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	605	21	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	605	22	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	605	23	only	only	ADV
epaa-316	605	24	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	605	25	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	605	26	measure	measure	NOUN
epaa-316	605	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	606	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	606	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	606	3	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	606	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	606	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	606	6	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-316	606	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	606	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	606	9	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	606	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	606	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	606	12	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	606	13	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	606	14	lines	line	NOUN
epaa-316	606	15	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	606	16	still	still	ADV
epaa-316	606	17	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	606	18	defended	defend	VERB
epaa-316	606	19	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	606	20	a	a	DET
epaa-316	606	21	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-316	606	22	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	606	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	606	24	obtain	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	606	25	a	a	DET
epaa-316	606	26	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	606	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	606	28	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	606	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	606	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	606	31	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	606	32	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	606	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	606	34	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	606	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	606	36	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	606	37	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	606	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	607	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	607	2	discrepancy	discrepancy	NOUN
epaa-316	607	3	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	607	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	607	5	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	607	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	607	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	607	8	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	607	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	607	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	607	11	participating	participate	VERB
epaa-316	607	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	607	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	607	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	607	15	participating	participate	VERB
epaa-316	607	16	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	607	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	607	18	curious	curious	ADJ
epaa-316	607	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	607	20	remains	remain	VERB
epaa-316	607	21	an	an	DET
epaa-316	607	22	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	607	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	607	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	607	25	resolved	resolve	VERB
epaa-316	607	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	608	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	608	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	608	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	608	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	608	5	course	course	NOUN
epaa-316	608	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	608	7	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	608	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	608	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	608	10	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-316	608	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	608	12	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
epaa-316	608	13	designs	design	NOUN
epaa-316	608	14	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	608	15	become	become	VERB
epaa-316	608	16	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-316	608	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	608	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	608	19	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	608	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	608	21	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	608	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	608	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	608	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	608	25	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	608	26	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	608	27	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	608	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	609	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	609	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	609	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	609	4	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-316	609	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	609	6	this	this	DET
epaa-316	609	7	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	609	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	609	9	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	609	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	609	11	not	not	PART
epaa-316	609	12	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-316	609	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	609	14	this	this	DET
epaa-316	609	15	discrepancy	discrepancy	NOUN
epaa-316	609	16	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	609	17	cause	cause	VERB
epaa-316	609	18	any	any	DET
epaa-316	609	19	systematic	systematic	ADJ
epaa-316	609	20	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-316	609	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	609	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	609	23	data	data	NOUN
epaa-316	609	24	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	609	25	to	to	PART
epaa-316	609	26	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-316	609	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	610	1	matching	match	VERB
epaa-316	610	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	610	3	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	610	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	611	1	after	after	SCONJ
epaa-316	611	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	611	3	109	109	NUM
epaa-316	611	4	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	611	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	611	6	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	611	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	611	8	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	611	9	identified	identify	VERB
epaa-316	611	10	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	611	11	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	611	12	inquired	inquire	VERB
epaa-316	611	13	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	611	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	611	15	average	average	NOUN
epaa-316	611	16	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	611	17	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	611	18	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	611	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	611	20	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	611	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	611	22	differed	differ	VERB
epaa-316	611	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	611	24	a	a	DET
epaa-316	611	25	function	function	NOUN
epaa-316	611	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	611	27	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	611	28	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	611	29	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	611	30	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	611	31	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	611	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	611	33	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	611	34	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	611	35	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	611	36	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	611	37	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	611	38	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	611	39	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	611	40	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	611	41	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	611	42	another	another	DET
epaa-316	611	43	participating	participate	VERB
epaa-316	611	44	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	611	45	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	611	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	612	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	612	2	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	612	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	612	4	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	612	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	612	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	612	7	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-316	612	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	612	9	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	612	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	612	11	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	612	12	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	612	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	612	14	this	this	DET
epaa-316	612	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	612	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	613	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	613	2	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-316	613	3	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	613	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	613	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	613	6	'	'	PART
epaa-316	613	7	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	613	8	assignment	assignment	NOUN
epaa-316	613	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	613	10	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-316	613	11	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	613	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	613	13	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	613	14	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	613	15	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	613	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	614	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	614	2	dependent	dependent	ADJ
epaa-316	614	3	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	614	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	614	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	614	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	614	7	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	614	8	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	614	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	614	10	these	these	DET
epaa-316	614	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	614	12	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	614	13	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	614	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	614	15	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-316	614	16	curve	curve	NOUN
epaa-316	614	17	equivalents	equivalent	NOUN
epaa-316	614	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	614	19	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	614	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	614	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	614	22	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	614	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	614	24	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	614	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	614	26	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	614	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	614	28	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	614	29	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	614	30	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	614	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	614	32	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	614	33	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	614	34	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	614	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	615	1	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	615	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	615	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	615	4	no	no	DET
epaa-316	615	5	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	615	6	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	615	7	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	615	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	615	9	mean	mean	ADJ
epaa-316	615	10	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	615	11	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	615	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	615	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	615	14	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	615	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	615	16	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	615	17	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	615	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	615	19	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	615	20	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	615	21	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	615	22	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	615	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	615	24	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	615	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	615	26	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	615	27	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	615	28	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	615	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	616	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	616	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	616	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	616	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	616	5	below	below	ADP
epaa-316	616	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	616	7	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	616	8	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	616	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	616	10	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	616	11	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	616	12	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	616	13	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	616	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	616	15	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	616	16	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	616	17	matches	match	VERB
epaa-316	616	18	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	616	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	616	20	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	616	21	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	616	22	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	616	23	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	616	24	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	616	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	616	26	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	616	27	sum	sum	NOUN
epaa-316	616	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	616	29	squares	square	NOUN
epaa-316	616	30	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	616	31	mean	mean	PROPN
epaa-316	616	32	square	square	PROPN
epaa-316	616	33	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	616	34	sig	sig	PROPN
epaa-316	616	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	1	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	617	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	617	3	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	617	4	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	5	66.66	66.66	NUM
epaa-316	617	6	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	617	7	66.66	66.66	NUM
epaa-316	617	8	0.84	0.84	NUM
epaa-316	617	9	0.36	0.36	NUM
epaa-316	617	10	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	617	11	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	12	4195.26	4195.26	NUM
epaa-316	617	13	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	617	14	79.16	79.16	NUM
epaa-316	617	15	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	617	16	4261.92	4261.92	NUM
epaa-316	617	17	54	54	NUM
epaa-316	617	18	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	617	19	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	617	20	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	617	21	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	22	56.29	56.29	NUM
epaa-316	617	23	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	617	24	56.29	56.29	NUM
epaa-316	617	25	0.76	0.76	NUM
epaa-316	617	26	0.39	0.39	NUM
epaa-316	617	27	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	617	28	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	29	3932.17	3932.17	NUM
epaa-316	617	30	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	617	31	74.19	74.19	NUM
epaa-316	617	32	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	617	33	3988.46	3988.46	NUM
epaa-316	617	34	54	54	NUM
epaa-316	617	35	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	617	36	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	617	37	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	617	38	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	39	8.88	8.88	NUM
epaa-316	617	40	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	617	41	8.88	8.88	NUM
epaa-316	617	42	0.11	0.11	NUM
epaa-316	617	43	0.74	0.74	NUM
epaa-316	617	44	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	617	45	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	46	4251.57	4251.57	NUM
epaa-316	617	47	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	617	48	80.22	80.22	NUM
epaa-316	617	49	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	617	50	4260.45	4260.45	NUM
epaa-316	617	51	54	54	NUM
epaa-316	617	52	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	617	53	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	617	54	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	617	55	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	56	30.45	30.45	NUM
epaa-316	617	57	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	617	58	30.45	30.45	NUM
epaa-316	617	59	0.36	0.36	NUM
epaa-316	617	60	0.55	0.55	NUM
epaa-316	617	61	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	617	62	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	63	7566.44	7566.44	NUM
epaa-316	617	64	89	89	NUM
epaa-316	617	65	85.02	85.02	NUM
epaa-316	617	66	32	32	NUM
epaa-316	617	67	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	617	68	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	617	69	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	617	70	7596.89	7596.89	NUM
epaa-316	617	71	90	90	NUM
epaa-316	617	72	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	617	73	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	617	74	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	617	75	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	76	4.68	4.68	NUM
epaa-316	617	77	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	617	78	4.68	4.68	NUM
epaa-316	617	79	0.05	0.05	NUM
epaa-316	617	80	0.82	0.82	NUM
epaa-316	617	81	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	617	82	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	83	8336.88	8336.88	NUM
epaa-316	617	84	89	89	NUM
epaa-316	617	85	93.67	93.67	NUM
epaa-316	617	86	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	617	87	8341.56	8341.56	NUM
epaa-316	617	88	90	90	NUM
epaa-316	617	89	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	617	90	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	617	91	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	617	92	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	93	23.20	23.20	NUM
epaa-316	617	94	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	617	95	23.20	23.20	NUM
epaa-316	617	96	0.33	0.33	NUM
epaa-316	617	97	0.57	0.57	NUM
epaa-316	617	98	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	617	99	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	100	6279.82	6279.82	NUM
epaa-316	617	101	89	89	NUM
epaa-316	617	102	70.56	70.56	NUM
epaa-316	617	103	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	617	104	6303.02	6303.02	NUM
epaa-316	617	105	90	90	NUM
epaa-316	617	106	to	to	PART
epaa-316	617	107	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	617	108	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	617	109	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	617	110	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	617	111	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	617	112	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	617	113	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	617	114	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	115	bg=	bg=	NOUN
epaa-316	617	116	match	match	VERB
epaa-316	617	117	type	type	NOUN
epaa-316	617	118	n=	n=	ADJ
epaa-316	617	119	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	617	120	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	121	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	617	122	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	617	123	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	124	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	617	125	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	617	126	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	617	127	each	each	DET
epaa-316	617	128	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	617	129	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	130	55	55	NUM
epaa-316	617	131	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	132	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	133	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	617	134	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	135	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	136	2	2	X
epaa-316	617	137	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	138	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	617	139	55	55	NUM
epaa-316	617	140	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	617	141	2=53	2=53	NUM
epaa-316	617	142	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	617	143	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	617	144	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	617	145	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	146	55	55	NUM
epaa-316	617	147	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	617	148	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	617	149	54	54	NUM
epaa-316	617	150	to	to	PART
epaa-316	617	151	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	617	152	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	617	153	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	617	154	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	617	155	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	617	156	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	617	157	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	617	158	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	159	bg=	bg=	NOUN
epaa-316	617	160	match	match	VERB
epaa-316	617	161	type	type	NOUN
epaa-316	617	162	n=	n=	ADJ
epaa-316	617	163	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	617	164	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	165	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	617	166	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	617	167	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	168	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	617	169	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	617	170	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	617	171	each	each	DET
epaa-316	617	172	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	617	173	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	174	91	91	NUM
epaa-316	617	175	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	176	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	177	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	617	178	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	617	179	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	180	2	2	X
epaa-316	617	181	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	182	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	617	183	91	91	NUM
epaa-316	617	184	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	617	185	2=89	2=89	NUM
epaa-316	617	186	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	617	187	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	617	188	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	617	189	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	190	91	91	NUM
epaa-316	617	191	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	617	192	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	617	193	90	90	NUM
epaa-316	617	194	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	617	195	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	617	196	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	617	197	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	618	1	after	after	SCONJ
epaa-316	618	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	618	3	109	109	NUM
epaa-316	618	4	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	618	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	618	6	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	618	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	618	8	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	618	9	identified	identify	VERB
epaa-316	618	10	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	618	11	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	618	12	inquired	inquire	VERB
epaa-316	618	13	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	618	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	618	15	average	average	NOUN
epaa-316	618	16	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	618	17	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	618	18	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	618	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	618	20	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	618	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	618	22	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	618	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	618	24	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	618	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	618	26	temporary	temporary	ADJ
epaa-316	618	27	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	618	28	provisional	provisional	ADJ
epaa-316	618	29	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	618	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	618	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	618	32	'	'	PART
epaa-316	618	33	differed	differ	VERB
epaa-316	618	34	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	618	35	a	a	DET
epaa-316	618	36	function	function	NOUN
epaa-316	618	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	618	38	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	618	39	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	618	40	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	618	41	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	618	42	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	618	43	the	the	DET
epaa-316	618	44	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	618	45	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	618	46	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	618	47	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	618	48	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	618	49	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	618	50	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	618	51	another	another	DET
epaa-316	618	52	participating	participate	VERB
epaa-316	618	53	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	618	54	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	618	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	619	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	619	2	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	619	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	619	4	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	619	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	619	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	619	7	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-316	619	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	619	9	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	619	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	619	11	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	619	12	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	619	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	620	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	620	2	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-316	620	3	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	620	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	620	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	620	6	'	'	PART
epaa-316	620	7	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	620	8	assignment	assignment	NOUN
epaa-316	620	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	620	10	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-316	620	11	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	620	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	620	13	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	620	14	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	620	15	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	620	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	621	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	621	2	dependent	dependent	ADJ
epaa-316	621	3	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	621	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	621	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	621	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	621	7	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	621	8	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	621	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	621	10	these	these	DET
epaa-316	621	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	621	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	621	13	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	621	14	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	621	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	621	16	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-316	621	17	curve	curve	NOUN
epaa-316	621	18	equivalents	equivalent	NOUN
epaa-316	621	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	621	20	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	621	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	621	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	621	23	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	621	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	621	25	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	621	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	621	27	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	621	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	621	29	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	621	30	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	621	31	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	621	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	621	33	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	621	34	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	621	35	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	621	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	622	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	622	2	general	general	ADJ
epaa-316	622	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	622	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	622	5	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	622	6	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	622	7	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	622	8	no	no	DET
epaa-316	622	9	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	622	10	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	622	11	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	622	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	622	13	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	622	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	622	15	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	622	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	622	17	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	622	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	622	19	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	622	20	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	622	21	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	622	22	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	622	23	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-316	622	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	622	25	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	622	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	622	27	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	622	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	622	29	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	622	30	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	622	31	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	622	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	623	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	623	2	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	623	3	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	623	4	not	not	PART
epaa-316	623	5	true	true	ADJ
epaa-316	623	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	623	7	all	all	DET
epaa-316	623	8	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	623	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	624	1	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	624	2	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	624	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	624	4	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	624	5	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	624	6	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	624	7	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	624	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	624	9	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	624	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	624	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	624	12	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	624	13	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	624	14	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	624	15	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	624	16	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	624	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	625	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	625	2	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	625	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	625	4	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	625	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	625	6	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	625	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	625	8	93)=	93)=	NOUN
epaa-316	625	9	8.08	8.08	NUM
epaa-316	625	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	625	11	p	p	NOUN
epaa-316	625	12	=	=	NOUN
epaa-316	625	13	.01	.01	NUM
epaa-316	625	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	626	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	626	2	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	626	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	626	4	7th	7th	ADJ
epaa-316	626	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	626	6	8th	8th	ADJ
epaa-316	626	7	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	626	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	626	9	yielded	yield	VERB
epaa-316	626	10	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	626	11	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	626	12	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	626	13	f	f	X
epaa-316	626	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	626	15	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	626	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	626	17	67)=	67)=	PROPN
epaa-316	626	18	4.12	4.12	NUM
epaa-316	626	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	626	20	p	p	X
epaa-316	626	21	=	=	NOUN
epaa-316	626	22	.047	.047	NUM
epaa-316	626	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	627	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	627	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	627	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	627	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	627	5	below	below	ADP
epaa-316	627	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	627	7	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	627	8	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	627	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	627	10	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	627	11	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	627	12	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	627	13	results	result	VERB
epaa-316	627	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	627	15	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	627	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	627	17	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	627	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	627	19	matches	match	VERB
epaa-316	627	20	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	627	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	627	22	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	627	23	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	627	24	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	627	25	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	627	26	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	627	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	627	28	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	627	29	sum	sum	NOUN
epaa-316	627	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	627	31	squares	square	NOUN
epaa-316	627	32	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	627	33	mean	mean	PROPN
epaa-316	627	34	square	square	PROPN
epaa-316	627	35	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	627	36	sig	sig	PROPN
epaa-316	627	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	628	1	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	628	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	628	3	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	628	4	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	5	0.93	0.93	NUM
epaa-316	628	6	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	628	7	0.93	0.93	NUM
epaa-316	628	8	0.02	0.02	NUM
epaa-316	628	9	0.90	0.90	NUM
epaa-316	628	10	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	628	11	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	12	2214.40	2214.40	NUM
epaa-316	628	13	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	628	14	63.27	63.27	NUM
epaa-316	628	15	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	628	16	2215.33	2215.33	NUM
epaa-316	628	17	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	628	18	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	628	19	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	628	20	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	628	21	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	22	19.52	19.52	NUM
epaa-316	628	23	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	628	24	19.52	19.52	NUM
epaa-316	628	25	0.45	0.45	NUM
epaa-316	628	26	0.51	0.51	NUM
epaa-316	628	27	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	628	28	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	29	1503.55	1503.55	NUM
epaa-316	628	30	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	628	31	42.96	42.96	NUM
epaa-316	628	32	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	628	33	1523.07	1523.07	NUM
epaa-316	628	34	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	628	35	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	628	36	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	628	37	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	628	38	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	39	14.09	14.09	NUM
epaa-316	628	40	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	628	41	14.09	14.09	NUM
epaa-316	628	42	0.17	0.17	NUM
epaa-316	628	43	0.68	0.68	NUM
epaa-316	628	44	33	33	NUM
epaa-316	628	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	628	46	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	628	47	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	628	48	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	49	2936.85	2936.85	NUM
epaa-316	628	50	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	628	51	83.91	83.91	NUM
epaa-316	628	52	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	628	53	2950.94	2950.94	NUM
epaa-316	628	54	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	628	55	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	628	56	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	628	57	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	628	58	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	59	69.52	69.52	NUM
epaa-316	628	60	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	628	61	69.52	69.52	NUM
epaa-316	628	62	0.82	0.82	NUM
epaa-316	628	63	0.37	0.37	NUM
epaa-316	628	64	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	628	65	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	66	7849.48	7849.48	NUM
epaa-316	628	67	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	628	68	84.40	84.40	NUM
epaa-316	628	69	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	628	70	7919.00	7919.00	NUM
epaa-316	628	71	94	94	NUM
epaa-316	628	72	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	628	73	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	628	74	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	628	75	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	76	688.59	688.59	NUM
epaa-316	628	77	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	628	78	688.59	688.59	NUM
epaa-316	628	79	8.08	8.08	NUM
epaa-316	628	80	0.01	0.01	NUM
epaa-316	628	81	*	*	VERB
epaa-316	628	82	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	628	83	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	84	7928.94	7928.94	NUM
epaa-316	628	85	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	628	86	85.26	85.26	NUM
epaa-316	628	87	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	628	88	8617.53	8617.53	NUM
epaa-316	628	89	94	94	NUM
epaa-316	628	90	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	628	91	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	628	92	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	628	93	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	94	246.32	246.32	NUM
epaa-316	628	95	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	628	96	246.32	246.32	NUM
epaa-316	628	97	3.27	3.27	NUM
epaa-316	628	98	0.07	0.07	NUM
epaa-316	628	99	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	628	100	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	628	101	6856.38	6856.38	NUM
epaa-316	628	102	91	91	NUM
epaa-316	628	103	75.35	75.35	NUM
epaa-316	628	104	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	628	105	7102.71	7102.71	NUM
epaa-316	628	106	92	92	NUM
epaa-316	628	107	note	note	NOUN
epaa-316	628	108	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	1	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	629	3	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-316	629	4	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	629	5	.05	.05	NUM
epaa-316	629	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	629	7	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	629	8	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	629	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	629	10	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	629	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	629	12	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	629	13	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	629	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	15	bg=	bg=	NOUN
epaa-316	629	16	match	match	VERB
epaa-316	629	17	type	type	NOUN
epaa-316	629	18	n=	n=	ADJ
epaa-316	629	19	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	629	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	21	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	629	22	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	629	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	24	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	629	25	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	629	26	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	629	27	each	each	DET
epaa-316	629	28	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	629	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	30	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	629	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	32	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	33	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	629	34	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	629	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	36	2	2	X
epaa-316	629	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	38	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	629	39	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	629	40	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	629	41	2=35	2=35	NUM
epaa-316	629	42	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	629	43	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	629	44	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	629	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	46	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	629	47	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	629	48	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	629	49	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	629	50	to	to	PART
epaa-316	629	51	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	629	52	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	629	53	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	629	54	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	629	55	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	629	56	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	629	57	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	629	58	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	59	bg=	bg=	NOUN
epaa-316	629	60	match	match	VERB
epaa-316	629	61	type	type	NOUN
epaa-316	629	62	n=	n=	ADJ
epaa-316	629	63	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	629	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	65	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	629	66	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	629	67	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	68	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	629	69	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	629	70	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	629	71	each	each	DET
epaa-316	629	72	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	629	73	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	74	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	629	75	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	76	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	77	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	629	78	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	629	79	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	80	2	2	X
epaa-316	629	81	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	82	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	629	83	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	629	84	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	629	85	2=93	2=93	NUM
epaa-316	629	86	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	629	87	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	629	88	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	629	89	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	90	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	629	91	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	629	92	1=	1=	NOUN
epaa-316	629	93	94	94	NUM
epaa-316	629	94	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	629	95	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	629	96	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	629	97	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	629	98	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	629	99	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	100	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	629	101	cases=	cases=	NUM
epaa-316	629	102	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	629	103	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	629	104	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	629	105	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	629	106	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-316	629	107	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	108	above	above	ADV
epaa-316	629	109	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	629	110	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	629	111	the	the	DET
epaa-316	629	112	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	629	113	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	629	114	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	629	115	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	629	116	this	this	DET
epaa-316	629	117	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	629	118	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	629	119	sensible	sensible	ADJ
epaa-316	629	120	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	630	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	630	2	four	four	NUM
epaa-316	630	3	statistical	statistical	ADJ
epaa-316	630	4	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	630	5	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-316	630	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	630	7	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	630	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	630	9	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	630	10	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	630	11	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	630	12	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	630	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	630	14	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	630	15	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	630	16	not	not	PART
epaa-316	630	17	perfect	perfect	ADJ
epaa-316	630	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	630	19	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	630	20	that	that	DET
epaa-316	630	21	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	630	22	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	630	23	not	not	PART
epaa-316	630	24	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-316	630	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	630	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	630	27	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	630	28	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	630	29	the	the	DET
epaa-316	630	30	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-316	630	31	taken	take	VERB
epaa-316	630	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	630	33	this	this	DET
epaa-316	630	34	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	630	35	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	630	36	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ
epaa-316	630	37	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	630	38	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	630	39	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-316	630	40	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	630	41	faulty	faulty	ADJ
epaa-316	630	42	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	630	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	631	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	631	2	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	631	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	631	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	631	5	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	631	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	631	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	631	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	631	9	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	631	10	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	631	11	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	631	12	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	631	13	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	631	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	631	15	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	631	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	631	17	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	631	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	631	19	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	631	20	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	631	21	lines	line	NOUN
epaa-316	631	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	631	23	took	take	VERB
epaa-316	631	24	place	place	NOUN
epaa-316	631	25	before	before	SCONJ
epaa-316	631	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	631	27	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	631	28	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	631	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	631	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	631	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	631	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	631	33	each	each	DET
epaa-316	631	34	pair	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	631	35	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	631	36	scrutinized	scrutinize	VERB
epaa-316	631	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	632	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	632	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	632	3	matching	matching	NOUN
epaa-316	632	4	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-316	632	5	appear	appear	VERB
epaa-316	632	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	632	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	632	8	unbiased	unbiased	ADJ
epaa-316	632	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	632	10	regard	regard	NOUN
epaa-316	632	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	632	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	632	13	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	632	14	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-316	632	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	632	16	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	632	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	632	18	interest	interest	NOUN
epaa-316	632	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	633	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	633	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	633	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	633	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	633	5	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	633	6	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-316	633	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	633	8	these	these	DET
epaa-316	633	9	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	633	10	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-316	633	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	633	12	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-316	633	13	next	next	ADV
epaa-316	633	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	634	1	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	634	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	634	3	first	first	ADV
epaa-316	634	4	chose	choose	VERB
epaa-316	634	5	to	to	PART
epaa-316	634	6	look	look	VERB
epaa-316	634	7	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	634	8	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	634	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	634	10	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	634	11	kinds	kind	NOUN
epaa-316	634	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	634	13	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	634	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	634	15	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	634	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	634	17	differed	differ	VERB
epaa-316	634	18	among	among	ADP
epaa-316	634	19	themselves	themselves	PRON
epaa-316	634	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	635	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	635	2	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-316	635	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	635	4	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
epaa-316	635	5	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	635	6	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	635	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	635	8	simpler	simple	ADJ
epaa-316	635	9	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	635	10	the	the	PRON
epaa-316	635	11	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	635	12	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	635	13	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	635	14	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	635	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	635	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	635	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	635	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	635	19	these	these	DET
epaa-316	635	20	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	635	21	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	635	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	635	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	635	24	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	635	25	not	not	PART
epaa-316	635	26	statistically	statistically	ADV
epaa-316	635	27	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	635	28	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	635	29	each	each	DET
epaa-316	635	30	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	635	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	636	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	636	2	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	636	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	636	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	636	5	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	636	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	636	7	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	636	8	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	636	9	treat	treat	VERB
epaa-316	636	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	636	11	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	636	12	sub	sub	NOUN
epaa-316	636	13	-	-	NOUN
epaa-316	636	14	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	636	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	636	16	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	636	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	636	18	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	636	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	636	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	636	21	a	a	DET
epaa-316	636	22	single	single	ADJ
epaa-316	636	23	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	636	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	637	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	637	2	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	637	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	637	4	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	637	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	637	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	637	7	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-316	637	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	637	9	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	637	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	637	11	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	637	12	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	637	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	637	14	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	637	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	637	16	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-316	637	17	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	637	18	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	637	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	637	20	'	'	PART
epaa-316	637	21	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	637	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	637	23	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	637	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	637	25	dependent	dependent	ADJ
epaa-316	637	26	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	637	27	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	637	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	637	29	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	637	30	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	637	31	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	637	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	637	33	these	these	DET
epaa-316	637	34	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	637	35	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	637	36	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	637	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	637	38	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-316	637	39	curve	curve	NOUN
epaa-316	637	40	equivalents	equivalent	NOUN
epaa-316	637	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	637	42	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	637	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	637	44	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	637	45	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	637	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	637	47	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	637	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	637	49	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	637	50	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	637	51	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	637	52	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	637	53	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	637	54	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	637	55	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	637	56	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	637	57	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	637	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	638	1	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	638	2	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	638	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	638	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	638	5	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	638	6	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	638	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	638	8	all	all	DET
epaa-316	638	9	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	638	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	638	11	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	638	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	638	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	638	14	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	638	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	638	16	temporary	temporary	ADJ
epaa-316	638	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	638	18	provisional	provisional	ADJ
epaa-316	638	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	638	20	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	638	21	not	not	PART
epaa-316	638	22	statistically	statistically	ADV
epaa-316	638	23	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	638	24	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	638	25	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	638	26	another	another	DET
epaa-316	638	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	639	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	639	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	639	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	639	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	639	5	below	below	ADP
epaa-316	639	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	639	7	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	639	8	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	639	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	640	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	640	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	640	3	this	this	DET
epaa-316	640	4	finding	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	640	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	640	6	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
epaa-316	640	7	treated	treat	VERB
epaa-316	640	8	all	all	DET
epaa-316	640	9	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	640	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	640	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	640	12	a	a	DET
epaa-316	640	13	homogeneous	homogeneous	ADJ
epaa-316	640	14	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	640	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	641	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	641	2	all	all	DET
epaa-316	641	3	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
epaa-316	641	4	34	34	NUM
epaa-316	641	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	641	6	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	641	7	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	641	8	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	641	9	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	641	10	compare	compare	VERB
epaa-316	641	11	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	641	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	641	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	641	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	641	15	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	641	16	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	641	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	641	18	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	641	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	641	20	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	641	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	641	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	641	23	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	641	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	641	25	temporary	temporary	ADJ
epaa-316	641	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	641	27	provisional	provisional	ADJ
epaa-316	641	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	641	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	642	1	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	642	2	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	642	3	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	642	4	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	642	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	642	6	emergency	emergency	NOUN
epaa-316	642	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	642	8	temporary	temporary	ADJ
epaa-316	642	9	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	642	10	provisional	provisional	ADJ
epaa-316	642	11	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	642	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	642	13	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	642	14	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	642	15	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	642	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	642	17	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	642	18	sum	sum	NOUN
epaa-316	642	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	642	20	squares	square	NOUN
epaa-316	642	21	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	642	22	mean	mean	PROPN
epaa-316	642	23	square	square	PROPN
epaa-316	642	24	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	642	25	sig	sig	PROPN
epaa-316	642	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	1	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	643	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	643	3	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	643	4	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	5	16.91	16.91	NUM
epaa-316	643	6	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	643	7	8.46	8.46	NUM
epaa-316	643	8	0.13	0.13	NUM
epaa-316	643	9	0.88	0.88	NUM
epaa-316	643	10	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	643	11	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	12	2198.42	2198.42	NUM
epaa-316	643	13	34	34	NUM
epaa-316	643	14	64.66	64.66	NUM
epaa-316	643	15	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	643	16	2215.33	2215.33	NUM
epaa-316	643	17	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	643	18	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	643	19	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	643	20	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	643	21	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	22	68.48	68.48	NUM
epaa-316	643	23	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	643	24	34.24	34.24	NUM
epaa-316	643	25	0.80	0.80	NUM
epaa-316	643	26	0.46	0.46	NUM
epaa-316	643	27	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	643	28	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	29	1454.59	1454.59	NUM
epaa-316	643	30	34	34	NUM
epaa-316	643	31	42.78	42.78	NUM
epaa-316	643	32	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	643	33	1523.07	1523.07	NUM
epaa-316	643	34	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	643	35	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	643	36	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	643	37	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	643	38	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	39	176.61	176.61	NUM
epaa-316	643	40	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	643	41	88.31	88.31	NUM
epaa-316	643	42	1.08	1.08	NUM
epaa-316	643	43	0.35	0.35	NUM
epaa-316	643	44	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	643	45	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	46	2774.33	2774.33	NUM
epaa-316	643	47	34	34	NUM
epaa-316	643	48	81.60	81.60	NUM
epaa-316	643	49	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	643	50	2950.94	2950.94	NUM
epaa-316	643	51	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	643	52	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	643	53	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	643	54	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	643	55	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	56	116.51	116.51	NUM
epaa-316	643	57	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	643	58	58.25	58.25	NUM
epaa-316	643	59	0.69	0.69	NUM
epaa-316	643	60	0.51	0.51	NUM
epaa-316	643	61	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	643	62	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	63	7802.49	7802.49	NUM
epaa-316	643	64	92	92	NUM
epaa-316	643	65	84.81	84.81	NUM
epaa-316	643	66	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	643	67	7919.00	7919.00	NUM
epaa-316	643	68	94	94	NUM
epaa-316	643	69	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	643	70	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	643	71	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	643	72	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	73	131.56	131.56	NUM
epaa-316	643	74	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	643	75	65.78	65.78	NUM
epaa-316	643	76	0.71	0.71	NUM
epaa-316	643	77	0.49	0.49	NUM
epaa-316	643	78	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	643	79	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	80	8485.97	8485.97	NUM
epaa-316	643	81	92	92	NUM
epaa-316	643	82	92.24	92.24	NUM
epaa-316	643	83	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	643	84	8617.53	8617.53	NUM
epaa-316	643	85	94	94	NUM
epaa-316	643	86	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	643	87	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	643	88	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	643	89	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	90	120.69	120.69	NUM
epaa-316	643	91	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	643	92	60.35	60.35	NUM
epaa-316	643	93	0.78	0.78	NUM
epaa-316	643	94	0.46	0.46	NUM
epaa-316	643	95	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	643	96	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	97	6982.02	6982.02	NUM
epaa-316	643	98	90	90	NUM
epaa-316	643	99	77.58	77.58	NUM
epaa-316	643	100	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	643	101	7102.71	7102.71	NUM
epaa-316	643	102	92	92	NUM
epaa-316	643	103	to	to	PART
epaa-316	643	104	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	643	105	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	643	106	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	643	107	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	643	108	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	643	109	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	643	110	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	643	111	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	112	bg=	bg=	NOUN
epaa-316	643	113	match	match	VERB
epaa-316	643	114	type	type	NOUN
epaa-316	643	115	n=	n=	ADJ
epaa-316	643	116	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	643	117	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	118	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	643	119	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	643	120	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	643	121	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	643	122	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	643	123	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	643	124	each	each	DET
epaa-316	643	125	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	643	126	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	127	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	643	128	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	129	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	130	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	643	131	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	132	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	133	3	3	X
epaa-316	643	134	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	135	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	643	136	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	643	137	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	643	138	3=34	3=34	NUM
epaa-316	643	139	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	643	140	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	643	141	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	643	142	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	143	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	643	144	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	643	145	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	643	146	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	643	147	to	to	PART
epaa-316	643	148	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	643	149	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	643	150	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	643	151	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	643	152	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	643	153	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	643	154	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	643	155	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	156	bg=	bg=	NOUN
epaa-316	643	157	match	match	VERB
epaa-316	643	158	type	type	NOUN
epaa-316	643	159	n=	n=	ADJ
epaa-316	643	160	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	643	161	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	162	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	643	163	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	643	164	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	643	165	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	643	166	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	643	167	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	643	168	each	each	DET
epaa-316	643	169	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	643	170	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	171	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	643	172	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	173	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	174	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	643	175	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	643	176	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	177	3	3	X
epaa-316	643	178	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	179	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	643	180	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	643	181	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	643	182	3=92	3=92	NUM
epaa-316	643	183	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	643	184	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	643	185	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	643	186	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	187	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	643	188	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	643	189	1=	1=	NOUN
epaa-316	643	190	94	94	NUM
epaa-316	643	191	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	643	192	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	643	193	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	643	194	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	643	195	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	643	196	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	197	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	643	198	cases=	cases=	NUM
epaa-316	643	199	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	643	200	to	to	PART
epaa-316	643	201	answer	answer	VERB
epaa-316	643	202	the	the	DET
epaa-316	643	203	key	key	ADJ
epaa-316	643	204	question	question	NOUN
epaa-316	643	205	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	643	206	this	this	DET
epaa-316	643	207	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	643	208	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	209	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	643	210	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	643	211	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	643	212	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	643	213	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	643	214	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	643	215	outscore	outscore	VERB
epaa-316	643	216	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	643	217	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	643	218	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	643	219	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	643	220	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	221	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	643	222	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	643	223	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	224	a	a	DET
epaa-316	643	225	correlated	correlate	VERB
epaa-316	643	226	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	643	227	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	228	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	643	229	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	643	230	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	643	231	to	to	PART
epaa-316	643	232	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	643	233	the	the	DET
epaa-316	643	234	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	643	235	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	643	236	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	643	237	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	643	238	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	643	239	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	643	240	the	the	DET
epaa-316	643	241	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	643	242	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	643	243	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	643	244	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	643	245	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	643	246	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	643	247	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	644	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	644	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	644	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	644	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	644	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	644	6	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	644	7	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	644	8	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	644	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	644	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	644	11	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	644	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	644	13	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	644	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	644	15	outperformed	outperform	VERB
epaa-316	644	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	644	17	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	644	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	644	19	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	644	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	644	21	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	644	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	644	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	1	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	645	2	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-316	645	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	645	5	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	645	6	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	645	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	645	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	645	9	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	645	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	645	11	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	645	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	645	13	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	645	14	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	645	15	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	645	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	17	m=36.52	m=36.52	ADJ
epaa-316	645	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	19	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	645	20	9.59	9.59	NUM
epaa-316	645	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	22	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	645	23	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	645	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	645	25	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	645	26	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	645	27	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	645	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	645	29	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	645	30	obtained	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	645	31	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	645	32	the	the	DET
epaa-316	645	33	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	645	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	645	35	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	645	36	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	37	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	645	38	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	645	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	40	m=30.67	m=30.67	PROPN
epaa-316	645	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	42	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	645	43	8.02	8.02	NUM
epaa-316	645	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	46	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	645	47	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	48	27)=	27)=	NUM
epaa-316	645	49	2.36	2.36	NUM
epaa-316	645	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	645	51	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	645	52	.01	.01	NUM
epaa-316	645	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	646	2	this	this	DET
epaa-316	646	3	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	646	4	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	646	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	646	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	646	8	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	646	9	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	646	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	646	12	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	646	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	646	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	646	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	646	16	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	646	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	646	18	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	646	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	646	20	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	646	21	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	646	22	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	646	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	24	m=34.33	m=34.33	NOUN
epaa-316	646	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	26	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	646	27	9.17	9.17	NUM
epaa-316	646	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	29	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	646	30	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	646	31	the	the	DET
epaa-316	646	32	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	646	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	646	34	the	the	DET
epaa-316	646	35	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	646	36	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	646	37	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	646	38	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	646	39	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	40	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	646	41	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	646	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	43	m=29.89	m=29.89	PROPN
epaa-316	646	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	45	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	646	46	9.82	9.82	NUM
epaa-316	646	47	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	49	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	646	50	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	51	27)=	27)=	NUM
epaa-316	646	52	1.81	1.81	NUM
epaa-316	646	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	646	54	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	646	55	.04	.04	NUM
epaa-316	646	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	647	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	647	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	647	3	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	647	4	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	647	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	647	6	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	647	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	647	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	647	9	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	647	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	647	11	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	647	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	647	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	647	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	647	15	mathematics	mathematics	NOUN
epaa-316	647	16	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	647	17	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	647	18	not	not	PART
epaa-316	647	19	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	647	20	to	to	PART
epaa-316	647	21	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	647	22	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	647	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	647	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	647	25	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	647	26	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	647	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	647	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	647	29	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	647	30	direction	direction	NOUN
epaa-316	647	31	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	647	32	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	647	33	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	647	34	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	647	35	the	the	DET
epaa-316	647	36	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	647	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	647	38	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	647	39	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	647	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	648	1	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	648	2	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	648	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	648	4	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	648	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	648	6	scored	score	VERB
epaa-316	648	7	higher	higher	ADV
epaa-316	648	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	648	9	m=38.80	m=38.80	ADJ
epaa-316	648	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	648	11	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	648	12	8.77	8.77	NUM
epaa-316	648	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	648	14	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	648	15	did	do	VERB
epaa-316	648	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	648	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	648	18	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	648	19	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	648	20	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	648	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	648	22	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	648	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	648	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	648	25	m=35.82	m=35.82	PROPN
epaa-316	648	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	648	27	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	648	28	7.32	7.32	NUM
epaa-316	648	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	648	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	649	1	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	649	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	649	3	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	649	4	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	649	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	649	6	replicated	replicate	VERB
epaa-316	649	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	649	8	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	649	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	649	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	649	11	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	649	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	649	13	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	649	14	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	649	15	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	649	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	650	1	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	650	2	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	650	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	650	4	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	650	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	650	6	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	650	7	outperformed	outperform	VERB
epaa-316	650	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	650	9	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	650	10	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	650	11	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	650	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	650	13	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	650	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	650	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	650	16	every	every	DET
epaa-316	650	17	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	650	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	651	2	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	651	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	651	5	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	651	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	651	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	651	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	651	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	651	10	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	651	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	651	12	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	651	13	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	651	14	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	651	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	16	m=35.62	m=35.62	NOUN
epaa-316	651	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	18	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	651	19	9.31	9.31	NUM
epaa-316	651	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	21	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	651	22	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	651	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	651	24	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	651	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	651	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	651	27	instructed	instruct	VERB
epaa-316	651	28	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	651	29	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	651	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	31	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	651	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	651	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	34	m=32.48	m=32.48	PROPN
epaa-316	651	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	36	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	651	37	9.43	9.43	NUM
epaa-316	651	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	40	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	651	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	42	86)=	86)=	NUM
epaa-316	651	43	2.43	2.43	NUM
epaa-316	651	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	651	45	p=	p=	PROPN
epaa-316	651	46	.01	.01	PROPN
epaa-316	651	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	652	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	652	2	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	652	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	652	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	652	5	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	652	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	652	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	652	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	652	9	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	652	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	652	11	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	652	12	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	652	13	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	652	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	652	15	m=39.75	m=39.75	ADV
epaa-316	652	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	652	17	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	652	18	9.52	9.52	NUM
epaa-316	652	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	652	20	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	652	21	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	652	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	652	23	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	652	24	obtained	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	652	25	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	652	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	652	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	652	28	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	652	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	652	30	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	652	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	652	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	652	33	m=35.22	m=35.22	NOUN
epaa-316	652	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	652	35	sd=9.77	sd=9.77	NUM
epaa-316	652	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	652	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	652	38	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	652	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	652	40	86)=	86)=	NUM
epaa-316	652	41	2.95	2.95	NUM
epaa-316	652	42	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	652	43	.001	.001	NUM
epaa-316	652	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	653	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	653	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	653	4	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	653	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	653	6	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	653	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	653	9	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	653	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	653	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	653	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	653	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	653	14	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	653	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	653	16	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	653	17	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	653	18	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	653	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	20	m=35.60	m=35.60	PROPN
epaa-316	653	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	22	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	653	23	8.57	8.57	NUM
epaa-316	653	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	25	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	653	26	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	653	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	653	28	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	653	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	653	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	653	31	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	653	32	instructed	instruct	VERB
epaa-316	653	33	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	653	34	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	653	35	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	36	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	653	37	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	653	38	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	39	m=33.47	m=33.47	PROPN
epaa-316	653	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	41	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	653	42	8.90	8.90	NUM
epaa-316	653	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	45	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	653	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	47	84)=	84)=	NOUN
epaa-316	653	48	1.71	1.71	NUM
epaa-316	653	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	653	50	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	653	51	.05	.05	NUM
epaa-316	653	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	654	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	654	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	654	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	654	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	654	5	below	below	ADP
epaa-316	654	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	654	7	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	654	8	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	654	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	655	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	655	2	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	655	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	655	4	7th	7th	ADJ
epaa-316	655	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	655	6	8th	8th	ADJ
epaa-316	655	7	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	655	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	655	9	yielded	yield	VERB
epaa-316	655	10	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	655	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	655	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	655	13	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	655	14	dramatic	dramatic	ADJ
epaa-316	655	15	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	655	16	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	655	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	655	18	average	average	ADJ
epaa-316	655	19	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	655	20	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	655	21	these	these	DET
epaa-316	655	22	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	655	23	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	655	24	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	655	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	656	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
epaa-316	656	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	656	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	656	4	this	this	DET
epaa-316	656	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	656	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	656	7	only	only	ADJ
epaa-316	656	8	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	656	9	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	656	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	656	11	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	656	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	656	13	all	all	DET
epaa-316	656	14	subtests	subtest	NOUN
epaa-316	656	15	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	656	16	both	both	DET
epaa-316	656	17	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	656	18	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	656	19	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	656	20	to	to	PART
epaa-316	656	21	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	656	22	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	656	23	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	656	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	657	1	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	657	2	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	657	3	correlated	correlate	VERB
epaa-316	657	4	ttest	tt	ADJ
epaa-316	657	5	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	657	6	comparing	compare	VERB
epaa-316	657	7	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	657	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	657	9	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	657	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	657	11	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	657	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	657	13	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	657	14	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	657	15	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	657	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	657	17	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	657	18	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	657	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	657	20	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	657	21	st	st	PROPN
epaa-316	657	22	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	657	23	dev	dev	PROPN
epaa-316	657	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	657	25	st	st	PROPN
epaa-316	657	26	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	657	27	error	error	NOUN
epaa-316	657	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	657	29	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	657	30	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	657	31	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	657	32	conf	conf	NOUN
epaa-316	657	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	658	1	int	int	NOUN
epaa-316	658	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	659	1	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	659	2	limit	limit	VERB
epaa-316	659	3	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	659	4	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	659	5	conf	conf	NOUN
epaa-316	659	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	660	1	int	int	NOUN
epaa-316	660	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	661	1	upper	upper	ADJ
epaa-316	661	2	limit	limit	NOUN
epaa-316	661	3	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	661	4	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	661	5	sig	sig	PROPN
epaa-316	661	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	662	1	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	662	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	662	3	5.85	5.85	NUM
epaa-316	662	4	13.11	13.11	NUM
epaa-316	662	5	2.48	2.48	NUM
epaa-316	662	6	0.77	0.77	NUM
epaa-316	662	7	10.93	10.93	NUM
epaa-316	662	8	2.36	2.36	NUM
epaa-316	662	9	27	27	NUM
epaa-316	662	10	0.01	0.01	NUM
epaa-316	662	11	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	662	12	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	662	13	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	662	14	2.97	2.97	NUM
epaa-316	662	15	11.44	11.44	NUM
epaa-316	662	16	2.16	2.16	NUM
epaa-316	662	17	-1.47	-1.47	NUM
epaa-316	662	18	7.41	7.41	NUM
epaa-316	662	19	1.37	1.37	NUM
epaa-316	662	20	27	27	NUM
epaa-316	662	21	0.09	0.09	NUM
epaa-316	662	22	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	662	23	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	662	24	4.44	4.44	NUM
epaa-316	662	25	13.01	13.01	NUM
epaa-316	662	26	2.46	2.46	NUM
epaa-316	662	27	-0.60	-0.60	NUM
epaa-316	662	28	9.49	9.49	NUM
epaa-316	662	29	1.81	1.81	NUM
epaa-316	662	30	27	27	NUM
epaa-316	662	31	0.04	0.04	NUM
epaa-316	662	32	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	662	33	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	662	34	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	662	35	3.14	3.14	NUM
epaa-316	662	36	12.07	12.07	NUM
epaa-316	662	37	1.29	1.29	NUM
epaa-316	662	38	0.57	0.57	NUM
epaa-316	662	39	5.71	5.71	NUM
epaa-316	662	40	2.43	2.43	NUM
epaa-316	662	41	86	86	NUM
epaa-316	662	42	0.01	0.01	NUM
epaa-316	662	43	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	662	44	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	662	45	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	662	46	4.53	4.53	NUM
epaa-316	662	47	14.31	14.31	NUM
epaa-316	662	48	1.53	1.53	NUM
epaa-316	662	49	1.48	1.48	NUM
epaa-316	662	50	7.58	7.58	NUM
epaa-316	662	51	2.95	2.95	NUM
epaa-316	662	52	86	86	NUM
epaa-316	662	53	0.00	0.00	NUM
epaa-316	662	54	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	662	55	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	662	56	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	662	57	2.13	2.13	NUM
epaa-316	662	58	11.49	11.49	NUM
epaa-316	662	59	1.25	1.25	NUM
epaa-316	662	60	-.35	-.35	PUNCT
epaa-316	662	61	4.61	4.61	NUM
epaa-316	662	62	1.71	1.71	NUM
epaa-316	662	63	84	84	NUM
epaa-316	662	64	0.05	0.05	NUM
epaa-316	662	65	*	*	NOUN
epaa-316	662	66	note	note	NOUN
epaa-316	662	67	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	663	1	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	663	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	663	3	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-316	663	4	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	663	5	.05	.05	NUM
epaa-316	663	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	663	7	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	663	8	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	663	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	663	10	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	663	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	663	12	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	663	13	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	663	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	663	15	number	number	NOUN
epaa-316	663	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	663	17	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	663	18	n=28	n=28	PUNCT
epaa-316	663	19	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	663	20	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	663	21	n-1	n-1	PROPN
epaa-316	663	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	663	23	28	28	NUM
epaa-316	663	24	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	663	25	1=	1=	NOUN
epaa-316	663	26	27	27	NUM
epaa-316	663	27	to	to	PART
epaa-316	663	28	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	663	29	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	663	30	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	663	31	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	663	32	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	663	33	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	663	34	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	663	35	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	663	36	number	number	NOUN
epaa-316	663	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	663	38	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	663	39	n=87	n=87	ADP
epaa-316	663	40	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	663	41	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	663	42	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	663	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	663	44	87	87	NUM
epaa-316	663	45	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	663	46	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	663	47	86	86	NUM
epaa-316	663	48	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	663	49	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	663	50	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	663	51	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	663	52	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	663	53	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	663	54	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	663	55	cases=	cases=	NUM
epaa-316	663	56	85	85	NUM
epaa-316	663	57	the	the	DET
epaa-316	663	58	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	663	59	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-316	663	60	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-316	663	61	a	a	DET
epaa-316	663	62	metric	metric	NOUN
epaa-316	663	63	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	663	64	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	663	65	the	the	DET
epaa-316	663	66	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	663	67	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	663	68	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	663	69	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	663	70	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	663	71	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	663	72	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	663	73	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	663	74	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	663	75	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	664	1	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	664	2	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	664	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	664	4	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	664	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	664	6	outscored	outscore	VERB
epaa-316	664	7	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	664	8	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
epaa-316	664	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	664	10	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	664	11	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	664	12	points	point	NOUN
epaa-316	664	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	664	14	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	664	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	664	16	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	664	17	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	664	18	points	point	NOUN
epaa-316	664	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	664	20	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	664	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	664	22	nearly	nearly	ADV
epaa-316	664	23	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	664	24	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	664	25	points	point	NOUN
epaa-316	664	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	664	27	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	664	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	664	29	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	664	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	664	31	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	664	32	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	664	33	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	664	34	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	664	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	665	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	665	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	665	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	665	4	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	665	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	665	6	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	665	7	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	665	8	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	665	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	666	1	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	666	2	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	666	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	666	4	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	666	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	666	6	outscored	outscore	VERB
epaa-316	666	7	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	666	8	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
epaa-316	666	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	666	10	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	666	11	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	666	12	points	point	NOUN
epaa-316	666	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	666	14	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	666	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	666	16	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	666	17	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	666	18	points	point	NOUN
epaa-316	666	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	666	20	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	666	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	666	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	666	23	2nce	2nce	NUM
epaa-316	666	24	points	point	NOUN
epaa-316	666	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	666	26	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	666	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	667	1	expressed	express	VERB
epaa-316	667	2	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	667	3	a	a	DET
epaa-316	667	4	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-316	667	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	667	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	667	7	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-316	667	8	deviation	deviation	NOUN
epaa-316	667	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	667	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	667	11	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	667	12	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-316	667	13	represented	represent	VERB
epaa-316	667	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	667	15	an	an	DET
epaa-316	667	16	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	667	17	size	size	NOUN
epaa-316	667	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	667	19	these	these	DET
epaa-316	667	20	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	667	21	range	range	VERB
epaa-316	667	22	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	667	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	667	24	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	667	25	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	667	26	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	667	27	.14	.14	NUM
epaa-316	667	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	667	29	.28	.28	NUM
epaa-316	667	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	667	31	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	667	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	667	33	14	14	NUM
epaa-316	667	34	to	to	PART
epaa-316	667	35	.24	.24	NUM
epaa-316	667	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	667	37	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	667	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	667	39	.09	.09	NUM
epaa-316	667	40	to	to	PART
epaa-316	667	41	.19	.19	NUM
epaa-316	667	42	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	667	43	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	667	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	668	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	668	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	668	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	668	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	668	5	below	below	ADP
epaa-316	668	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	668	7	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	668	8	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	668	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	669	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	669	2	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	669	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	669	4	7th	7th	ADJ
epaa-316	669	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	669	6	8th	8th	ADJ
epaa-316	669	7	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	669	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	669	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	669	10	this	this	DET
epaa-316	669	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	669	12	yielded	yield	VERB
epaa-316	669	13	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	669	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	669	15	yet	yet	CCONJ
epaa-316	669	16	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	669	17	dramatic	dramatic	ADJ
epaa-316	669	18	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	669	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	669	20	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-316	669	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	669	22	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	669	23	size	size	NOUN
epaa-316	669	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	670	1	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	670	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	670	3	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	670	4	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	670	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	670	6	range	range	NOUN
epaa-316	670	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	670	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	670	9	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	670	10	sizes	size	NOUN
epaa-316	670	11	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	670	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	670	13	.19	.19	NUM
epaa-316	670	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	670	15	.38	.38	NUM
epaa-316	670	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	670	17	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	670	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	670	19	.24	.24	NUM
epaa-316	670	20	to	to	PART
epaa-316	670	21	.28	.28	NUM
epaa-316	670	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	670	23	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	670	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	670	25	.14	.14	NUM
epaa-316	670	26	to.33	to.33	PROPN
epaa-316	670	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	670	28	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	670	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	671	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	671	2	ease	ease	NOUN
epaa-316	671	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	671	4	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-316	671	5	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	671	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	671	7	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-316	671	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	671	9	choose	choose	VERB
epaa-316	671	10	a	a	DET
epaa-316	671	11	summary	summary	NOUN
epaa-316	671	12	statistic	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	671	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	671	14	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-316	671	15	these	these	DET
epaa-316	671	16	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	671	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	672	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	672	2	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-316	672	3	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	672	4	to	to	PART
epaa-316	672	5	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	672	6	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	672	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	672	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	672	9	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-316	672	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	672	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	672	12	average	average	ADJ
epaa-316	672	13	es	es	NOUN
epaa-316	672	14	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	672	15	all	all	DET
epaa-316	672	16	sub	sub	NOUN
epaa-316	672	17	-	-	NOUN
epaa-316	672	18	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	672	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	672	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	672	21	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	672	22	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	672	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	672	24	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	672	25	both	both	DET
epaa-316	672	26	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	672	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	672	28	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-316	672	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	672	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	672	31	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	672	32	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	672	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	672	34	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	672	35	around	around	ADP
epaa-316	672	36	.20	.20	NUM
epaa-316	672	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	673	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	673	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	673	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	673	4	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	673	5	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	673	6	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	673	7	size	size	NOUN
epaa-316	673	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	673	9	es	es	NOUN
epaa-316	673	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	673	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	673	12	yearly	yearly	ADJ
epaa-316	673	13	progress	progress	NOUN
epaa-316	673	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	673	15	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-316	673	16	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	673	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	673	18	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-316	673	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	673	20	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	673	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	673	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	673	23	one	one	PRON
epaa-316	673	24	could	could	AUX
epaa-316	673	25	expect	expect	VERB
epaa-316	673	26	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	673	27	during	during	ADP
epaa-316	673	28	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	673	29	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	673	30	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	673	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	673	32	the	the	DET
epaa-316	673	33	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	673	34	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	673	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	673	36	the	the	DET
epaa-316	673	37	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	673	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	673	39	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	673	40	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	673	41	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	673	42	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	673	43	approximately	approximately	ADV
epaa-316	673	44	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	673	45	months	month	NOUN
epaa-316	673	46	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	673	47	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	673	48	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-316	673	49	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	673	50	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	673	51	the	the	DET
epaa-316	673	52	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	673	53	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	673	54	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	673	55	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	673	56	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	673	57	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	673	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	674	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	674	2	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	674	3	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	674	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	674	5	a	a	DET
epaa-316	674	6	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	674	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	674	8	month	month	NOUN
epaa-316	674	9	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	674	10	so	so	SCONJ
epaa-316	674	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	674	12	loss	loss	NOUN
epaa-316	674	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	674	14	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	674	15	months	month	NOUN
epaa-316	674	16	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	674	17	2/10ths	2/10ths	NUM
epaa-316	674	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	674	19	a	a	DET
epaa-316	674	20	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	674	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	674	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	674	23	loss	loss	NOUN
epaa-316	674	24	incurred	incur	VERB
epaa-316	674	25	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	674	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	674	27	placed	place	VERB
epaa-316	674	28	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	674	29	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	674	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	674	31	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	674	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	674	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	675	1	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	675	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	675	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	675	4	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	675	5	pay	pay	VERB
epaa-316	675	6	approximately	approximately	ADV
epaa-316	675	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	675	8	20	20	NUM
epaa-316	675	9	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	675	10	penalty	penalty	NOUN
epaa-316	675	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	675	12	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	675	13	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-316	675	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	675	15	each	each	DET
epaa-316	675	16	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	675	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	675	18	placement	placement	NOUN
epaa-316	675	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	675	20	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	675	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	675	22	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	675	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	675	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	676	1	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	676	2	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	676	3	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	676	4	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	676	5	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	676	6	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	676	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	676	8	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	676	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	676	10	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	676	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	676	12	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	676	13	effect	effect	PROPN
epaa-316	676	14	size	size	NOUN
epaa-316	676	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	676	16	es	es	NOUN
epaa-316	676	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	676	18	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	676	19	ranges	range	VERB
epaa-316	676	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	676	21	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	676	22	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	676	23	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	676	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	676	25	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	676	26	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	676	27	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	676	28	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	676	29	sub	sub	ADJ
epaa-316	676	30	-	-	ADJ
epaa-316	676	31	test	test	ADJ
epaa-316	676	32	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	676	33	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	676	34	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	676	35	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	676	36	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	676	37	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	676	38	es	es	NOUN
epaa-316	676	39	range	range	NOUN
epaa-316	676	40	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	676	41	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	676	42	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	676	43	.14	.14	NUM
epaa-316	676	44	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	676	45	.28	.28	NUM
epaa-316	676	46	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	676	47	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	676	48	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	676	49	.14	.14	NUM
epaa-316	676	50	–	–	SYM
epaa-316	676	51	.24	.24	NUM
epaa-316	676	52	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	676	53	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	676	54	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	676	55	.09	.09	NUM
epaa-316	676	56	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	676	57	.19	.19	NUM
epaa-316	676	58	note	note	NOUN
epaa-316	676	59	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	677	1	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	677	2	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	677	3	sizes	size	NOUN
epaa-316	677	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	677	5	es	es	NOUN
epaa-316	677	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	677	7	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	677	8	using	use	VERB
epaa-316	677	9	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-316	677	10	curve	curve	NOUN
epaa-316	677	11	equivalencies	equivalencie	NOUN
epaa-316	677	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	677	13	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	677	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	677	15	must	must	AUX
epaa-316	677	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	677	17	calculated	calculate	VERB
epaa-316	677	18	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	677	19	a	a	DET
epaa-316	677	20	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-316	677	21	deviation	deviation	NOUN
epaa-316	677	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	677	23	21.06	21.06	NUM
epaa-316	677	24	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	677	25	units	unit	NOUN
epaa-316	677	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	678	1	to	to	PART
epaa-316	678	2	answer	answer	VERB
epaa-316	678	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	678	4	question	question	NOUN
epaa-316	678	5	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	678	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	678	7	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	678	8	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	678	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	678	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	678	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	678	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	678	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	678	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	678	15	teach	teach	NOUN
epaa-316	678	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	678	17	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	678	18	program	program	PROPN
epaa-316	678	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	678	20	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	678	21	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	678	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	678	23	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	678	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	678	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	678	26	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	678	27	studied	study	VERB
epaa-316	678	28	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	678	29	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	678	30	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	678	31	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	678	32	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	678	33	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	678	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	678	35	a	a	DET
epaa-316	678	36	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	678	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	678	38	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	678	39	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	678	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	678	41	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-316	678	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	678	43	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	678	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	678	45	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	678	46	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-316	678	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	679	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	679	2	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-316	679	3	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	679	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	679	5	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	679	6	trained	train	VERB
epaa-316	679	7	vs.	vs.	ADP
epaa-316	679	8	all	all	DET
epaa-316	679	9	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	679	10	forms	form	NOUN
epaa-316	679	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	679	12	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	679	13	among	among	ADP
epaa-316	679	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	679	15	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	679	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	679	17	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	679	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	679	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	680	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	680	2	dependent	dependent	ADJ
epaa-316	680	3	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	680	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	680	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	680	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	680	7	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	680	8	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	680	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	680	10	these	these	DET
epaa-316	680	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	680	12	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	680	13	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	680	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	680	15	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-316	680	16	curve	curve	NOUN
epaa-316	680	17	equivalents	equivalent	NOUN
epaa-316	680	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	680	19	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	680	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	680	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	680	22	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	680	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	680	24	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	680	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	680	26	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	680	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	680	28	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	680	29	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	680	30	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	680	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	680	32	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	680	33	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	680	34	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	680	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	681	1	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	681	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	681	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	681	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	681	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	681	6	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	681	7	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	681	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	681	9	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	681	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	681	11	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	681	12	not	not	PART
epaa-316	681	13	statistically	statistically	ADV
epaa-316	681	14	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	681	15	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	681	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	681	17	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	681	18	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	681	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	681	20	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	681	21	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	681	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	681	23	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	681	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	681	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	682	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	682	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	682	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	682	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	682	5	below	below	ADP
epaa-316	682	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	682	7	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	682	8	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	682	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	682	10	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	682	11	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	682	12	anova	anova	X
epaa-316	682	13	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	682	14	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	682	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	682	16	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	682	17	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-316	682	18	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	682	19	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	682	20	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	682	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	682	22	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	682	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	682	24	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	682	25	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	682	26	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	682	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	682	28	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	682	29	sum	sum	NOUN
epaa-316	682	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	682	31	squares	square	NOUN
epaa-316	682	32	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	682	33	mean	mean	PROPN
epaa-316	682	34	square	square	PROPN
epaa-316	682	35	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	682	36	sig	sig	PROPN
epaa-316	682	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	1	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	683	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	683	3	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	683	4	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	5	34.00	34.00	NUM
epaa-316	683	6	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	683	7	34.00	34.00	NUM
epaa-316	683	8	0.55	0.55	NUM
epaa-316	683	9	0.47	0.47	NUM
epaa-316	683	10	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	683	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	683	12	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	683	13	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	683	14	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	15	2181.33	2181.33	NUM
epaa-316	683	16	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	683	17	62.32	62.32	NUM
epaa-316	683	18	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	683	19	2215.33	2215.33	NUM
epaa-316	683	20	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	683	21	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	683	22	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	683	23	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	683	24	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	25	21.30	21.30	NUM
epaa-316	683	26	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	683	27	21.30	21.30	NUM
epaa-316	683	28	0.50	0.50	NUM
epaa-316	683	29	0.49	0.49	NUM
epaa-316	683	30	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	683	31	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	32	1501.78	1501.78	NUM
epaa-316	683	33	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	683	34	42.91	42.91	NUM
epaa-316	683	35	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	683	36	1523.08	1523.08	NUM
epaa-316	683	37	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	683	38	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	683	39	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	683	40	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	683	41	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	42	261.64	261.64	NUM
epaa-316	683	43	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	683	44	261.64	261.64	NUM
epaa-316	683	45	3.41	3.41	NUM
epaa-316	683	46	0.07	0.07	NUM
epaa-316	683	47	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	683	48	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	49	2689.30	2689.30	NUM
epaa-316	683	50	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	683	51	76.84	76.84	NUM
epaa-316	683	52	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	683	53	2950.94	2950.94	NUM
epaa-316	683	54	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	683	55	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	683	56	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	683	57	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	683	58	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	59	92.74	92.74	NUM
epaa-316	683	60	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	683	61	92.74	92.74	NUM
epaa-316	683	62	1.10	1.10	NUM
epaa-316	683	63	0.30	0.30	NUM
epaa-316	683	64	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	683	65	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	66	7826.26	7826.26	NUM
epaa-316	683	67	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	683	68	84.15	84.15	NUM
epaa-316	683	69	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	683	70	7919.00	7919.00	NUM
epaa-316	683	71	94	94	NUM
epaa-316	683	72	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	683	73	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	683	74	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	683	75	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	76	1.31	1.31	NUM
epaa-316	683	77	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	683	78	1.31	1.31	NUM
epaa-316	683	79	.01	.01	NUM
epaa-316	683	80	.91	.91	NUM
epaa-316	683	81	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	683	82	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	83	8616.22	8616.22	NUM
epaa-316	683	84	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	683	85	92.65	92.65	NUM
epaa-316	683	86	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	683	87	8617.53	8617.53	NUM
epaa-316	683	88	94	94	NUM
epaa-316	683	89	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	683	90	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	683	91	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	683	92	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	93	19.94	19.94	NUM
epaa-316	683	94	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	683	95	19.94	19.94	NUM
epaa-316	683	96	0.26	0.26	NUM
epaa-316	683	97	0.61	0.61	NUM
epaa-316	683	98	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	683	99	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	100	7082.77	7082.77	NUM
epaa-316	683	101	91	91	NUM
epaa-316	683	102	77.83	77.83	NUM
epaa-316	683	103	total	total	NOUN
epaa-316	683	104	7102.71	7102.71	NUM
epaa-316	683	105	92	92	NUM
epaa-316	683	106	to	to	PART
epaa-316	683	107	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	683	108	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	683	109	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	683	110	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	683	111	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	683	112	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	683	113	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	683	114	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	115	bg=	bg=	PROPN
epaa-316	683	116	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	683	117	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	683	118	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	683	119	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	120	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	683	121	n=	n=	ADJ
epaa-316	683	122	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	683	123	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	124	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	683	125	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	683	126	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	127	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	683	128	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	683	129	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	683	130	each	each	DET
epaa-316	683	131	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	683	132	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	133	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	683	134	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	135	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	136	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	683	137	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	138	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	139	2	2	X
epaa-316	683	140	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	141	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	683	142	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	683	143	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	683	144	2=35	2=35	NUM
epaa-316	683	145	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	683	146	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	683	147	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	683	148	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	149	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	683	150	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	683	151	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	683	152	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	683	153	to	to	PART
epaa-316	683	154	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	683	155	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	683	156	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	683	157	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	683	158	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	683	159	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	683	160	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	683	161	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	162	bg=	bg=	PROPN
epaa-316	683	163	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	683	164	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	683	165	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	683	166	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	167	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	683	168	n=	n=	ADJ
epaa-316	683	169	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	683	170	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	171	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	683	172	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	683	173	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	174	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	683	175	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	683	176	wg=	wg=	NOUN
epaa-316	683	177	each	each	DET
epaa-316	683	178	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	683	179	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	180	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	683	181	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	182	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	183	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	683	184	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	683	185	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	186	2	2	X
epaa-316	683	187	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	188	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	683	189	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	683	190	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	683	191	2=93	2=93	NUM
epaa-316	683	192	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	683	193	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	683	194	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	683	195	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	196	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	683	197	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	683	198	1=	1=	NOUN
epaa-316	683	199	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	683	200	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	683	201	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	683	202	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	683	203	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	683	204	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	683	205	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	206	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	683	207	cases=	cases=	NUM
epaa-316	683	208	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	683	209	given	give	VERB
epaa-316	683	210	the	the	DET
epaa-316	683	211	previous	previous	ADJ
epaa-316	683	212	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	683	213	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	214	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	683	215	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	683	216	the	the	DET
epaa-316	683	217	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	683	218	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	683	219	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	683	220	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	683	221	outperformed	outperform	VERB
epaa-316	683	222	the	the	DET
epaa-316	683	223	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	683	224	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	683	225	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	683	226	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	227	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	683	228	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	683	229	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	683	230	the	the	DET
epaa-316	683	231	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	683	232	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	683	233	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	683	234	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	683	235	scored	score	VERB
epaa-316	683	236	no	no	ADV
epaa-316	683	237	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	683	238	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	683	239	did	do	VERB
epaa-316	683	240	the	the	DET
epaa-316	683	241	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	683	242	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	683	243	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	683	244	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	683	245	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	246	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	683	247	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	683	248	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	683	249	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	683	250	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	683	251	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	683	252	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	683	253	the	the	DET
epaa-316	683	254	next	next	ADJ
epaa-316	683	255	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	683	256	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	683	257	superfluous	superfluous	ADJ
epaa-316	683	258	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	684	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
epaa-316	684	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	684	3	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	684	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	684	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	684	6	intensity	intensity	NOUN
epaa-316	684	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	684	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	684	9	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-316	684	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	684	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	684	12	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	684	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	684	14	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	684	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	684	16	described	describe	VERB
epaa-316	684	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	684	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	684	19	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	684	20	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-316	684	21	above	above	ADV
epaa-316	684	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	684	23	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	684	24	chose	choose	VERB
epaa-316	684	25	to	to	PART
epaa-316	684	26	inquire	inquire	VERB
epaa-316	684	27	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	684	28	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	684	29	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	684	30	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	684	31	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	684	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	684	33	outperformed	outperform	VERB
epaa-316	684	34	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	684	35	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	684	36	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	684	37	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	684	38	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	684	39	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	684	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	684	41	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	684	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	684	43	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	684	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	685	2	correlated	correlate	VERB
epaa-316	685	3	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	685	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	5	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	685	6	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	685	7	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	685	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	685	9	this	this	DET
epaa-316	685	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	685	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	685	12	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	685	13	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	685	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	685	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	685	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	685	17	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	685	18	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	685	19	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	685	20	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	685	21	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	685	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	685	24	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	685	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	685	27	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	685	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	685	29	the	the	DET
epaa-316	685	30	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	685	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	685	32	the	the	DET
epaa-316	685	33	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	685	34	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	685	35	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	685	36	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	685	37	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	685	38	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	39	m=35.53	m=35.53	NOUN
epaa-316	685	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	41	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	685	42	9.87	9.87	NUM
epaa-316	685	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	44	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	685	45	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	685	46	the	the	DET
epaa-316	685	47	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	685	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	685	49	the	the	DET
epaa-316	685	50	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	685	51	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	685	52	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	685	53	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-316	685	54	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	55	m=30.51	m=30.51	PROPN
epaa-316	685	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	57	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	685	58	6.85	6.85	NUM
epaa-316	685	59	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	61	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	685	62	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	63	21)=	21)=	NUM
epaa-316	685	64	1.87	1.87	NUM
epaa-316	685	65	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	685	66	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	685	67	.04	.04	NUM
epaa-316	685	68	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	686	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	686	2	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	686	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	686	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	686	5	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	686	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	686	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	686	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	686	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	686	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	686	11	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	686	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	686	13	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	686	14	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	686	15	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	686	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	686	17	m=41.15	m=41.15	PROPN
epaa-316	686	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	686	19	sd=9.21	sd=9.21	PROPN
epaa-316	686	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	686	21	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	686	22	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	686	23	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	686	24	obtained	obtain	VERB
epaa-316	686	25	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	686	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	686	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	686	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	686	29	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	686	30	the	the	DET
epaa-316	686	31	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	686	32	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	686	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	686	34	m=35.34	m=35.34	NOUN
epaa-316	686	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	686	36	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	686	37	7.67	7.67	NUM
epaa-316	686	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	686	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	686	40	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	686	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	686	42	21)=2.13	21)=2.13	NUM
epaa-316	686	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	686	44	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	686	45	.02	.02	NUM
epaa-316	686	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	1	finally	finally	ADV
epaa-316	687	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	687	4	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	687	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	687	7	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	687	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	687	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	687	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	687	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	687	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	687	13	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-316	687	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	687	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	687	16	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	687	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	687	18	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	687	19	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	687	20	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	687	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	22	m=36.43	m=36.43	NOUN
epaa-316	687	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	24	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	687	25	9.48	9.48	NUM
epaa-316	687	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	27	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	687	28	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	687	29	the	the	DET
epaa-316	687	30	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	687	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	687	32	the	the	DET
epaa-316	687	33	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	687	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	687	35	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	687	36	trained	train	VERB
epaa-316	687	37	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	687	38	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	687	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	40	m=32.11	m=32.11	PROPN
epaa-316	687	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	42	sd=	sd=	NOUN
epaa-316	687	43	8.71	8.71	NUM
epaa-316	687	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	46	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	687	47	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	48	21)=1.79	21)=1.79	NUM
epaa-316	687	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	687	50	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	687	51	.04	.04	NUM
epaa-316	687	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	688	1	38	38	NUM
epaa-316	688	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	688	3	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	688	4	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-316	688	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	688	6	same	same	ADJ
epaa-316	688	7	pattern	pattern	NOUN
epaa-316	688	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	688	9	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	688	10	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	688	11	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	688	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	688	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	688	14	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	688	15	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	688	16	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	688	17	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	688	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	688	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	688	20	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	688	21	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	688	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	688	23	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	688	24	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	688	25	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	688	26	not	not	PART
epaa-316	688	27	statistically	statistically	ADV
epaa-316	688	28	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	688	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	689	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	689	2	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-316	689	3	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	689	4	occurred	occur	VERB
epaa-316	689	5	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	689	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	689	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	689	8	smaller	small	ADJ
epaa-316	689	9	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	689	10	size	size	NOUN
epaa-316	689	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	689	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	689	13	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	689	14	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	689	15	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	689	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	689	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	690	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	690	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	690	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	690	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	690	5	below	below	ADP
epaa-316	690	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	690	7	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	690	8	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	690	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	691	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	691	2	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	691	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	691	4	7th	7th	ADJ
epaa-316	691	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	691	6	8th	8th	ADJ
epaa-316	691	7	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	691	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	691	9	yielded	yield	VERB
epaa-316	691	10	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	691	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	691	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	691	13	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	691	14	dramatic	dramatic	ADJ
epaa-316	691	15	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	691	16	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	691	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	691	18	average	average	ADJ
epaa-316	691	19	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	691	20	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	691	21	these	these	DET
epaa-316	691	22	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	691	23	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-316	691	24	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	691	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	692	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	692	2	this	this	DET
epaa-316	692	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	692	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	692	5	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	692	6	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	692	7	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	692	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	692	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	692	10	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	692	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	692	12	both	both	DET
epaa-316	692	13	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	692	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	692	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	692	16	all	all	DET
epaa-316	692	17	subtests	subtest	NOUN
epaa-316	692	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	692	19	except	except	SCONJ
epaa-316	692	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	692	21	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	692	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	692	23	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	692	24	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	692	25	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	692	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	693	1	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	693	2	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	693	3	correlated	correlate	VERB
epaa-316	693	4	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	693	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	693	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	693	7	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	693	8	comparing	compare	VERB
epaa-316	693	9	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	693	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	693	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	693	12	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	693	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	693	14	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	693	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	693	16	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	693	17	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	693	18	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	693	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	693	20	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	693	21	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	693	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	693	23	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	693	24	st	st	PROPN
epaa-316	693	25	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	693	26	dev	dev	PROPN
epaa-316	693	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	693	28	st	st	PROPN
epaa-316	693	29	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	693	30	error	error	NOUN
epaa-316	693	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	693	32	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	693	33	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	693	34	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	693	35	conf	conf	NOUN
epaa-316	693	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	694	1	int	int	NOUN
epaa-316	694	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	695	1	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	695	2	limit	limit	VERB
epaa-316	695	3	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	695	4	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	695	5	conf	conf	NOUN
epaa-316	695	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	696	1	int	int	NOUN
epaa-316	696	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	697	1	upper	upper	ADJ
epaa-316	697	2	limit	limit	NOUN
epaa-316	697	3	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	697	4	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	697	5	sig	sig	PROPN
epaa-316	697	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	698	1	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	698	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	698	3	4.28	4.28	NUM
epaa-316	698	4	10.10	10.10	NUM
epaa-316	698	5	3.57	3.57	NUM
epaa-316	698	6	-4.17	-4.17	NUM
epaa-316	698	7	12.73	12.73	NUM
epaa-316	698	8	1.20	1.20	NUM
epaa-316	698	9	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	698	10	0.13	0.13	NUM
epaa-316	698	11	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	698	12	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	698	13	2.25	2.25	NUM
epaa-316	698	14	10.02	10.02	NUM
epaa-316	698	15	3.54	3.54	NUM
epaa-316	698	16	-6.13	-6.13	NUM
epaa-316	698	17	10.62	10.62	NUM
epaa-316	698	18	0.63	0.63	NUM
epaa-316	698	19	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	698	20	0.27	0.27	NUM
epaa-316	698	21	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	698	22	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	698	23	2.57	2.57	NUM
epaa-316	698	24	7.15	7.15	NUM
epaa-316	698	25	2.53	2.53	NUM
epaa-316	698	26	-3.41	-3.41	NOUN
epaa-316	698	27	8.54	8.54	NUM
epaa-316	698	28	1.02	1.02	NUM
epaa-316	698	29	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	698	30	0.17	0.17	NUM
epaa-316	698	31	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	698	32	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	698	33	5.02	5.02	NUM
epaa-316	698	34	12.58	12.58	NUM
epaa-316	698	35	2.68	2.68	NUM
epaa-316	698	36	-0.56	-0.56	NUM
epaa-316	698	37	10.60	10.60	NUM
epaa-316	698	38	1.87	1.87	NUM
epaa-316	698	39	21	21	NUM
epaa-316	698	40	0.04	0.04	NUM
epaa-316	698	41	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	698	42	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	698	43	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	698	44	5.81	5.81	NUM
epaa-316	698	45	12.81	12.81	NUM
epaa-316	698	46	2.73	2.73	NUM
epaa-316	698	47	0.13	0.13	NUM
epaa-316	698	48	11.49	11.49	NUM
epaa-316	698	49	2.13	2.13	NUM
epaa-316	698	50	21	21	NUM
epaa-316	698	51	0.02	0.02	NUM
epaa-316	698	52	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	698	53	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	698	54	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	698	55	4.31	4.31	NUM
epaa-316	698	56	11.29	11.29	NUM
epaa-316	698	57	2.41	2.41	NUM
epaa-316	698	58	-0.69	-0.69	NOUN
epaa-316	698	59	9.32	9.32	NUM
epaa-316	698	60	1.79	1.79	NUM
epaa-316	698	61	21	21	NUM
epaa-316	698	62	0.04	0.04	NUM
epaa-316	698	63	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	698	64	note	note	NOUN
epaa-316	698	65	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	699	1	*	*	PUNCT
epaa-316	699	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	699	3	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-316	699	4	p=	p=	NOUN
epaa-316	699	5	.05	.05	NUM
epaa-316	699	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	699	7	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	699	8	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	699	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	699	10	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	699	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	699	12	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	699	13	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	699	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	699	15	number	number	NOUN
epaa-316	699	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	699	17	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	699	18	n=8	n=8	ADP
epaa-316	699	19	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	699	20	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	699	21	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	699	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	699	23	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	699	24	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	699	25	1=	1=	NOUN
epaa-316	699	26	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	699	27	to	to	PART
epaa-316	699	28	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-316	699	29	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	699	30	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	699	31	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	699	32	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	699	33	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	699	34	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	699	35	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	699	36	number	number	NOUN
epaa-316	699	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	699	38	matches	match	NOUN
epaa-316	699	39	n=22	n=22	PROPN
epaa-316	699	40	total	total	ADJ
epaa-316	699	41	df=	df=	PROPN
epaa-316	699	42	n-1	n-1	NOUN
epaa-316	699	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	699	44	22	22	NUM
epaa-316	699	45	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	699	46	1=	1=	NUM
epaa-316	699	47	21	21	NUM
epaa-316	699	48	the	the	DET
epaa-316	699	49	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	699	50	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	699	51	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	699	52	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	699	53	examined	examine	VERB
epaa-316	699	54	to	to	PART
epaa-316	699	55	gain	gain	VERB
epaa-316	699	56	information	information	NOUN
epaa-316	699	57	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	699	58	the	the	DET
epaa-316	699	59	role	role	NOUN
epaa-316	699	60	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	699	61	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	699	62	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	699	63	developing	develop	VERB
epaa-316	699	64	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	699	65	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	699	66	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	700	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	700	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	700	3	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	700	4	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	700	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	700	6	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-316	700	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	700	8	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	700	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	700	10	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	700	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	700	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	700	13	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	700	14	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	700	15	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	700	16	set	set	NOUN
epaa-316	700	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	700	18	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	700	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	700	20	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	700	21	had	have	AUX
epaa-316	700	22	hoped	hope	VERB
epaa-316	700	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	700	24	look	look	VERB
epaa-316	700	25	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	700	26	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	700	27	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	700	28	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	700	29	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	700	30	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	700	31	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	700	32	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	700	33	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	700	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	700	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	700	36	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	700	37	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-316	700	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	700	39	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	700	40	the	the	DET
epaa-316	700	41	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	700	42	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	700	43	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	700	44	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	700	45	the	the	DET
epaa-316	700	46	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	700	47	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	700	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	700	49	the	the	DET
epaa-316	700	50	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	700	51	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	700	52	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	700	53	moderated	moderate	VERB
epaa-316	700	54	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	700	55	a	a	DET
epaa-316	700	56	function	function	NOUN
epaa-316	700	57	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	700	58	the	the	DET
epaa-316	700	59	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	700	60	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	700	61	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	700	62	the	the	DET
epaa-316	700	63	uncertified	uncertified	ADJ
epaa-316	700	64	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	700	65	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	701	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	701	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	701	3	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-316	701	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	701	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	701	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	701	7	whom	whom	PRON
epaa-316	701	8	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	701	9	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	701	10	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	701	11	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	701	12	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	701	13	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	701	14	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	701	15	very	very	ADV
epaa-316	701	16	small	small	ADJ
epaa-316	701	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	701	18	six	six	NUM
epaa-316	701	19	pairs	pair	NOUN
epaa-316	701	20	across	across	ADP
epaa-316	701	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	701	22	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	701	23	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	701	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	701	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	701	26	so	so	CCONJ
epaa-316	701	27	no	no	DET
epaa-316	701	28	confident	confident	ADJ
epaa-316	701	29	answers	answer	NOUN
epaa-316	701	30	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	701	31	these	these	DET
epaa-316	701	32	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-316	701	33	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	701	34	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	701	35	offered	offer	VERB
epaa-316	701	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	702	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	702	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	702	3	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	702	4	analyses	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	702	5	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	702	6	a	a	DET
epaa-316	702	7	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	702	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	702	9	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	702	10	within	within	ADP
epaa-316	702	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	702	12	subjects	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	702	13	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	702	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	702	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	702	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	702	17	factor	factor	NOUN
epaa-316	702	18	being	be	AUX
epaa-316	702	19	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	702	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	702	21	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	702	22	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	702	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	702	24	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	702	25	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	702	26	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	702	27	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	702	28	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	702	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	702	30	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	702	31	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	702	32	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	702	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	703	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	703	2	dependent	dependent	ADJ
epaa-316	703	3	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	703	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	703	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	703	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	703	7	's	's	PART
epaa-316	703	8	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	703	9	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	703	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	703	11	these	these	DET
epaa-316	703	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	703	13	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	703	14	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	703	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	703	16	normal	normal	ADJ
epaa-316	703	17	curve	curve	NOUN
epaa-316	703	18	equivalents	equivalent	NOUN
epaa-316	703	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	703	20	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	703	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	703	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	703	23	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	703	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	703	25	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	703	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	703	27	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	703	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	703	29	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	703	30	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	703	31	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	703	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	703	33	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	703	34	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	703	35	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	703	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	704	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	704	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	704	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	704	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	704	5	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	704	6	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	704	7	no	no	DET
epaa-316	704	8	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-316	704	9	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	704	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	704	11	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	704	12	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	704	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	704	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	704	15	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	704	16	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	704	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	704	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	704	19	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	704	20	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	704	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	705	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
epaa-316	705	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	705	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	705	4	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	705	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	705	6	each	each	DET
epaa-316	705	7	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	705	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	705	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	705	10	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	705	11	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	705	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	705	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	705	14	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	705	15	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	705	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	705	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	705	18	second	second	NOUN
epaa-316	705	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	705	20	indicating	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	705	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	705	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	705	23	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	705	24	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	705	25	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-316	705	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	705	27	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	705	28	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	705	29	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	705	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	705	31	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	705	32	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	705	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	706	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	706	2	means	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	706	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	706	4	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-316	706	5	deviations	deviation	NOUN
epaa-316	706	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	706	7	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	706	8	below	below	ADP
epaa-316	706	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	706	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	706	11	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	706	12	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	706	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	707	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	707	2	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	707	3	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	707	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	707	5	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	707	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	707	7	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	707	8	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	707	9	points	point	NOUN
epaa-316	707	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	707	11	each	each	PRON
epaa-316	707	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	707	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	707	14	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	707	15	subtests	subtest	NOUN
epaa-316	707	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	707	17	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	707	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	707	19	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-316	707	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	707	21	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	707	22	being	be	AUX
epaa-316	707	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	707	24	greatest	great	ADJ
epaa-316	707	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	708	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	708	2	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	708	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	708	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	708	5	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	708	6	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	708	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	708	8	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	708	9	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	708	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	708	11	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	708	12	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	708	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	708	14	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	708	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	708	16	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	708	17	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	708	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	709	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	709	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	709	3	ran	run	VERB
epaa-316	709	4	an	an	DET
epaa-316	709	5	anova	anova	PROPN
epaa-316	709	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	709	7	these	these	DET
epaa-316	709	8	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-316	709	9	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	709	10	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	709	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	709	12	39	39	NUM
epaa-316	709	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	709	14	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	709	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	709	16	those	those	DET
epaa-316	709	17	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	709	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	709	19	given	give	VERB
epaa-316	709	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	709	21	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	709	22	13	13	NUM
epaa-316	709	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	709	24	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	709	25	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	709	26	means	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	709	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	709	28	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-316	709	29	deviations	deviation	NOUN
epaa-316	709	30	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	709	31	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	709	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	709	33	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	709	34	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	709	35	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	709	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	709	37	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	709	38	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	709	39	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	709	40	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	709	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	709	42	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	709	43	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	710	1	std	std	X
epaa-316	710	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	711	1	deviation	deviation	NOUN
epaa-316	711	2	n	n	NOUN
epaa-316	711	3	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	711	4	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	711	5	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	711	6	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	711	7	36.50	36.50	NUM
epaa-316	711	8	14.25	14.25	NUM
epaa-316	711	9	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	711	10	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	711	11	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	711	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	711	13	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	711	14	37.79	37.79	NUM
epaa-316	711	15	7.26	7.26	NUM
epaa-316	711	16	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	711	17	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	711	18	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	711	19	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	711	20	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	711	21	39.03	39.03	NUM
epaa-316	711	22	11.49	11.49	NUM
epaa-316	711	23	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	711	24	math	math	NOUN
epaa-316	711	25	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	711	26	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	711	27	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	711	28	41.07	41.07	NUM
epaa-316	711	29	8.38	8.38	NUM
epaa-316	711	30	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	711	31	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	711	32	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	711	33	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	711	34	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	711	35	35.85	35.85	NUM
epaa-316	711	36	13.00	13.00	NUM
epaa-316	711	37	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	711	38	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	711	39	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	711	40	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	711	41	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	711	42	37.05	37.05	NUM
epaa-316	711	43	7.38	7.38	NUM
epaa-316	711	44	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	711	45	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	711	46	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	711	47	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	711	48	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	711	49	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	711	50	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	711	51	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	711	52	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	711	53	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	711	54	matched	match	VERB
epaa-316	711	55	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	711	56	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	711	57	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	711	58	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	711	59	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	711	60	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	711	61	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	711	62	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	711	63	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	711	64	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	711	65	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	711	66	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	711	67	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	711	68	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	711	69	st	st	PROPN
epaa-316	711	70	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	711	71	dev	dev	PROPN
epaa-316	711	72	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	711	73	st	st	PROPN
epaa-316	711	74	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	711	75	error	error	NOUN
epaa-316	711	76	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	711	77	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-316	711	78	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	711	79	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	711	80	conf	conf	NOUN
epaa-316	711	81	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	712	1	int	int	NOUN
epaa-316	712	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	713	1	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	713	2	limit	limit	VERB
epaa-316	713	3	95	95	NUM
epaa-316	713	4	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	713	5	conf	conf	NOUN
epaa-316	713	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	714	1	int	int	NOUN
epaa-316	714	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	715	1	upper	upper	ADJ
epaa-316	715	2	limit	limit	NOUN
epaa-316	715	3	t	t	PROPN
epaa-316	715	4	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	715	5	sig	sig	PROPN
epaa-316	715	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	716	1	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	716	2	-1.29	-1.29	PROPN
epaa-316	716	3	14.54	14.54	NUM
epaa-316	716	4	4.20	4.20	NUM
epaa-316	716	5	-10.52	-10.52	PROPN
epaa-316	716	6	7.95	7.95	NUM
epaa-316	716	7	-0.31	-0.31	NUM
epaa-316	716	8	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	716	9	0.38	0.38	NUM
epaa-316	716	10	math	math	PROPN
epaa-316	716	11	-2.04	-2.04	NOUN
epaa-316	716	12	9.29	9.29	NUM
epaa-316	716	13	2.68	2.68	NUM
epaa-316	716	14	-7.95	-7.95	NUM
epaa-316	716	15	3.86	3.86	NUM
epaa-316	716	16	-0.76	-0.76	NUM
epaa-316	716	17	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	716	18	0.23	0.23	NUM
epaa-316	716	19	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	716	20	-1.20	-1.20	NUM
epaa-316	716	21	11.71	11.71	NUM
epaa-316	716	22	3.38	3.38	NUM
epaa-316	716	23	-8.64	-8.64	NUM
epaa-316	716	24	6.24	6.24	NUM
epaa-316	716	25	-0.36	-0.36	NUM
epaa-316	716	26	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	716	27	0.36	0.36	NUM
epaa-316	716	28	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	716	29	13	13	NUM
epaa-316	716	30	anova	anova	X
epaa-316	716	31	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	716	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	716	33	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	716	34	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	716	35	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	716	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	716	37	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	716	38	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	716	39	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	716	40	subtest	subt	ADJ
epaa-316	716	41	f	f	PROPN
epaa-316	716	42	df	df	NOUN
epaa-316	716	43	error	error	NOUN
epaa-316	716	44	df	df	PROPN
epaa-316	716	45	sig	sig	NOUN
epaa-316	716	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	717	1	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	717	2	.09	.09	NUM
epaa-316	717	3	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	717	4	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	717	5	.77	.77	NUM
epaa-316	717	6	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	717	7	.58	.58	NUM
epaa-316	717	8	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	717	9	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	717	10	.46	.46	NUM
epaa-316	717	11	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	717	12	.13	.13	NUM
epaa-316	717	13	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	717	14	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	717	15	.73	.73	NUM
epaa-316	717	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	717	17	order	order	NOUN
epaa-316	717	18	to	to	PART
epaa-316	717	19	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	717	20	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-316	717	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	717	22	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	717	23	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	717	24	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	717	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	717	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	717	27	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	717	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	717	29	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	717	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	717	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	717	32	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	717	33	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	717	34	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	717	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	717	36	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	717	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	717	38	remained	remain	VERB
epaa-316	717	39	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	717	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	717	41	grew	grow	VERB
epaa-316	717	42	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	717	43	decreased	decrease	VERB
epaa-316	717	44	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	717	45	the	the	DET
epaa-316	717	46	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	717	47	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	717	48	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	717	49	the	the	DET
epaa-316	717	50	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	717	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	717	52	mean	mean	VERB
epaa-316	717	53	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	717	54	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	717	55	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	717	56	each	each	DET
epaa-316	717	57	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	717	58	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	717	59	analyzed	analyze	VERB
epaa-316	717	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	718	1	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	718	2	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-316	718	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	718	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	718	5	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	718	6	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	718	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	718	8	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	718	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	718	10	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	718	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	718	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	718	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	718	14	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	718	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	718	16	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	718	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	718	18	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	718	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	718	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	718	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	718	22	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	718	23	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	718	24	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	718	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	718	26	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	718	27	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	718	28	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	718	29	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	718	30	set	set	VERB
epaa-316	718	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	718	32	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	718	33	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-316	718	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	718	35	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	718	36	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	718	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	718	38	decreased	decrease	VERB
epaa-316	718	39	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	718	40	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	718	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	718	42	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	718	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	718	44	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	718	45	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-316	718	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	718	47	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	718	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	719	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	719	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	719	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	719	4	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-316	719	5	below	below	ADP
epaa-316	719	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	719	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	719	8	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	719	9	14	14	NUM
epaa-316	719	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	719	11	table	table	NOUN
epaa-316	719	12	14	14	NUM
epaa-316	719	13	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	719	14	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	719	15	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	719	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	719	17	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	719	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	719	19	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	719	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	719	21	'	'	PART
epaa-316	719	22	nce	nce	NOUN
epaa-316	719	23	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	719	24	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	719	25	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	719	26	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	719	27	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	719	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	719	29	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	719	30	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	719	31	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	719	32	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	719	33	40	40	NUM
epaa-316	719	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	719	35	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	719	36	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	719	37	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	719	38	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	719	39	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	719	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	719	41	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	719	42	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	719	43	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	719	44	reading	read	VERB
epaa-316	719	45	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	719	46	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	719	47	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	719	48	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	719	49	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	719	50	12.93	12.93	NUM
epaa-316	719	51	7.80	7.80	NUM
epaa-316	719	52	9.51	9.51	NUM
epaa-316	719	53	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	719	54	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	719	55	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	719	56	3.18	3.18	NUM
epaa-316	719	57	9.47	9.47	NUM
epaa-316	719	58	4.02	4.02	NUM
epaa-316	719	59	note	note	NOUN
epaa-316	719	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	720	1	all	all	DET
epaa-316	720	2	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	720	3	favor	favor	VERB
epaa-316	720	4	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	720	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	720	6	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	720	7	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	720	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	720	9	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	720	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	720	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	721	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-316	721	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	721	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	721	4	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	721	5	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	721	6	values	value	NOUN
epaa-316	721	7	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-316	721	8	come	come	VERB
epaa-316	721	9	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	721	10	play	play	NOUN
epaa-316	721	11	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	721	12	making	make	VERB
epaa-316	721	13	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	721	14	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	721	15	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	721	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	721	17	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
epaa-316	721	18	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	721	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	721	20	needed	need	VERB
epaa-316	721	21	to	to	PART
epaa-316	721	22	become	become	VERB
epaa-316	721	23	a	a	DET
epaa-316	721	24	beginning	beginning	NOUN
epaa-316	721	25	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	721	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	722	1	so	so	ADV
epaa-316	722	2	much	much	ADV
epaa-316	722	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	722	4	riding	ride	VERB
epaa-316	722	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	722	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	722	7	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	722	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	722	9	these	these	DET
epaa-316	722	10	individuals	individual	NOUN
epaa-316	722	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	722	12	trusted	trust	VERB
epaa-316	722	13	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	722	14	educating	educate	VERB
epaa-316	722	15	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	722	16	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-316	722	17	's	's	PART
epaa-316	722	18	young	young	ADJ
epaa-316	722	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	723	1	so	so	ADV
epaa-316	723	2	many	many	ADJ
epaa-316	723	3	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	723	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	723	5	needed	need	VERB
epaa-316	723	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	723	7	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	723	8	that	that	DET
epaa-316	723	9	job	job	NOUN
epaa-316	723	10	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	723	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	724	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	724	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	724	3	a	a	DET
epaa-316	724	4	single	single	ADJ
epaa-316	724	5	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-316	724	6	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	724	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	724	8	this	this	DET
epaa-316	724	9	kind	kind	NOUN
epaa-316	724	10	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	724	11	not	not	PART
epaa-316	724	12	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-316	724	13	answers	answer	NOUN
epaa-316	724	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	724	15	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-316	724	16	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	724	17	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-316	724	18	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	724	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	724	20	relative	relative	ADJ
epaa-316	724	21	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-316	724	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	724	23	liabilities	liability	NOUN
epaa-316	724	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	724	25	allowing	allow	VERB
epaa-316	724	26	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	724	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	724	28	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	724	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	724	30	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	724	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	724	32	to	to	PART
epaa-316	724	33	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	724	34	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	724	35	young	young	NOUN
epaa-316	724	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	725	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
epaa-316	725	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	725	3	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	725	4	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	725	5	every	every	DET
epaa-316	725	6	reason	reason	NOUN
epaa-316	725	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	725	8	think	think	VERB
epaa-316	725	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	725	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	725	11	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	725	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	725	13	this	this	DET
epaa-316	725	14	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	725	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	725	16	generalizable	generalizable	ADJ
epaa-316	725	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	725	18	worth	worth	ADJ
epaa-316	725	19	considering	consider	VERB
epaa-316	725	20	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	725	21	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	725	22	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	725	23	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	725	24	these	these	DET
epaa-316	725	25	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	725	26	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	725	27	debated	debate	VERB
epaa-316	725	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	726	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	726	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	726	3	understand	understand	VERB
epaa-316	726	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	726	5	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	726	6	situation	situation	NOUN
epaa-316	726	7	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	726	8	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	726	9	not	not	PART
epaa-316	726	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	726	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	726	12	very	very	ADV
epaa-316	726	13	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	726	14	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	726	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	726	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	726	17	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	726	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	727	1	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	727	2	new	new	PROPN
epaa-316	727	3	york	york	PROPN
epaa-316	727	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	727	5	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	727	6	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-316	727	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	727	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	727	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	727	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	727	11	los	los	PROPN
epaa-316	727	12	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-316	727	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	727	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	727	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	727	16	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	727	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	727	18	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-316	727	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	727	20	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	727	21	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	727	22	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	727	23	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	727	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	727	25	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	727	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	727	27	inexperienced	inexperienced	ADJ
epaa-316	727	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	727	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	727	30	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	727	31	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	727	32	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	727	33	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	727	34	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	727	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	727	36	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	727	37	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	727	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	728	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	728	2	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	728	3	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-316	728	4	wealthier	wealthy	ADJ
epaa-316	728	5	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	728	6	overwhelmingly	overwhelmingly	ADV
epaa-316	728	7	hold	hold	VERB
epaa-316	728	8	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-316	728	9	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	728	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	728	11	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	728	12	accumulated	accumulate	VERB
epaa-316	728	13	considerably	considerably	ADV
epaa-316	728	14	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	728	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	728	16	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	728	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	728	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	728	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	728	20	less	less	ADV
epaa-316	728	21	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	728	22	required	require	VERB
epaa-316	728	23	to	to	PART
epaa-316	728	24	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	728	25	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	728	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	728	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	728	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	728	29	field	field	NOUN
epaa-316	728	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	2	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	729	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	4	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	729	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	6	1997a	1997a	NUM
epaa-316	729	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	8	1997b	1997b	NUM
epaa-316	729	9	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	10	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	729	11	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	12	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	729	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	14	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	729	15	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	16	gitomer	gitomer	PROPN
epaa-316	729	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	18	latham	latham	PROPN
epaa-316	729	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	20	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	729	21	ziomek	ziomek	PROPN
epaa-316	729	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	23	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	729	24	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	25	lankford	lankford	PROPN
epaa-316	729	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	27	loeb	loeb	PROPN
epaa-316	729	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	29	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	729	30	wycoff	wycoff	PROPN
epaa-316	729	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	32	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	729	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	729	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	730	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	730	2	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	730	3	addressed	address	VERB
epaa-316	730	4	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	730	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	730	6	these	these	DET
epaa-316	730	7	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-316	730	8	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-316	730	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	730	10	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	730	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	730	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	730	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	730	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	730	15	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	730	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	731	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	731	2	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	731	3	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	731	4	might	might	AUX
epaa-316	731	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	731	6	expected	expect	VERB
epaa-316	731	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	731	8	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	731	9	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	731	10	choose	choose	VERB
epaa-316	731	11	to	to	PART
epaa-316	731	12	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	731	13	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-316	731	14	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	731	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	731	16	namely	namely	ADV
epaa-316	731	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	731	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	731	19	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	731	20	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	731	21	trained	train	VERB
epaa-316	731	22	longer	long	ADV
epaa-316	731	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	731	24	harder	hard	ADJ
epaa-316	731	25	to	to	PART
epaa-316	731	26	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	731	27	that	that	DET
epaa-316	731	28	work	work	NOUN
epaa-316	731	29	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	731	30	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	731	31	better	well	ADV
epaa-316	731	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	732	1	common	common	ADJ
epaa-316	732	2	sense	sense	NOUN
epaa-316	732	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	732	4	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-316	732	5	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	732	6	agree	agree	VERB
epaa-316	732	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	733	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-316	733	2	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	733	3	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-316	733	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	733	5	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-316	733	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	733	7	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-316	733	8	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	733	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	733	10	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
epaa-316	733	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	733	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	733	13	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-316	733	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	733	15	extreme	extreme	ADJ
epaa-316	733	16	variability	variability	NOUN
epaa-316	733	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	733	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	733	19	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	733	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	733	21	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-316	733	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	733	23	surely	surely	ADV
epaa-316	733	24	masking	mask	VERB
epaa-316	733	25	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-316	733	26	excellent	excellent	ADJ
epaa-316	733	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	733	28	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ
epaa-316	733	29	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	733	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	733	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	733	32	the	the	DET
epaa-316	733	33	present	present	ADJ
epaa-316	733	34	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	733	35	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	733	36	supports	support	VERB
epaa-316	733	37	the	the	DET
epaa-316	733	38	assertion	assertion	NOUN
epaa-316	733	39	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	733	40	university	university	NOUN
epaa-316	733	41	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	733	42	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	733	43	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	733	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	733	45	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	733	46	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	733	47	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	733	48	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	733	49	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	733	50	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	733	51	an	an	DET
epaa-316	733	52	approved	approve	VERB
epaa-316	733	53	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	733	54	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	733	55	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	733	56	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	733	57	see	see	VERB
epaa-316	733	58	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	733	59	evertson	evertson	ADV
epaa-316	733	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	733	61	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-316	733	62	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	733	63	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	733	64	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	733	65	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	733	66	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	733	67	1997a	1997a	NUM
epaa-316	733	68	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	733	69	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	734	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	734	2	this	this	DET
epaa-316	734	3	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	734	4	regularly	regularly	ADV
epaa-316	734	5	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	734	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	734	7	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-316	734	8	outperformed	outperform	VERB
epaa-316	734	9	under	under	ADP
epaa-316	734	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	734	11	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	734	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	734	13	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	734	14	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	734	15	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	734	16	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	734	17	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	734	18	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	734	19	risk	risk	NOUN
epaa-316	734	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	734	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	734	22	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-316	734	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	734	24	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	734	25	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-316	734	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	735	1	these	these	DET
epaa-316	735	2	already	already	ADV
epaa-316	735	3	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	735	4	achieving	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	735	5	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	735	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	735	7	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	735	8	assigned	assign	VERB
epaa-316	735	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	735	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	735	11	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	735	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	735	13	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	735	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	735	15	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	735	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	735	17	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	735	18	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-316	735	19	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	735	20	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	735	21	approximately	approximately	ADV
epaa-316	735	22	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	735	23	months	month	NOUN
epaa-316	735	24	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	735	25	per	per	ADP
epaa-316	735	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	735	27	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	735	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	735	29	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	735	30	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	735	31	subtests	subtest	NOUN
epaa-316	735	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	735	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	735	34	sat	sit	VERB
epaa-316	735	35	9	9	NUM
epaa-316	735	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	736	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-316	736	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	736	3	about	about	ADV
epaa-316	736	4	20	20	NUM
epaa-316	736	5	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	736	6	less	less	ADJ
epaa-316	736	7	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	736	8	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-316	736	9	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	736	10	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	736	11	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	736	12	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	736	13	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	736	14	had	have	AUX
epaa-316	736	15	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	736	16	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	736	17	assigned	assign	VERB
epaa-316	736	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	736	19	a	a	DET
epaa-316	736	20	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	736	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	736	22	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-316	736	23	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	736	24	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	736	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	737	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	737	2	rowan	rowan	PROPN
epaa-316	737	3	et	et	PROPN
epaa-316	737	4	al	al	PROPN
epaa-316	737	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	738	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	738	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	738	3	press	press	NOUN
epaa-316	738	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	738	5	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	738	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	738	7	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-316	738	8	above	above	ADV
epaa-316	738	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	738	10	states	state	VERB
epaa-316	738	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	738	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	738	13	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	738	14	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	738	15	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-316	738	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	738	17	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	738	18	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-316	738	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	738	20	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-316	738	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	738	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	738	23	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	738	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	738	25	much	much	ADV
epaa-316	738	26	stronger	strong	ADJ
epaa-316	738	27	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-316	738	28	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	738	29	the	the	DET
epaa-316	738	30	relationships	relationship	NOUN
epaa-316	738	31	found	find	VERB
epaa-316	738	32	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	738	33	a	a	DET
epaa-316	738	34	single	single	ADJ
epaa-316	738	35	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	738	36	measure	measure	NOUN
epaa-316	738	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	738	38	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	738	39	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	738	40	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	738	41	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	738	42	the	the	DET
epaa-316	738	43	dependent	dependent	ADJ
epaa-316	738	44	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-316	738	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	738	46	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	738	47	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	738	48	this	this	DET
epaa-316	738	49	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	738	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	739	1	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-316	739	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	739	3	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	739	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	739	5	studied	study	VERB
epaa-316	739	6	had	have	VERB
epaa-316	739	7	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-316	739	8	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	739	9	percentages	percentage	NOUN
epaa-316	739	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	739	11	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	739	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	739	13	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	739	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	739	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	739	16	odds	odd	NOUN
epaa-316	739	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	739	18	a	a	DET
epaa-316	739	19	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	739	20	getting	get	VERB
epaa-316	739	21	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	739	22	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	739	23	one	one	NUM
epaa-316	739	24	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	739	25	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	739	26	during	during	ADP
epaa-316	739	27	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	739	28	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	739	29	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	739	30	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	739	31	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	739	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	740	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	740	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	740	3	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
epaa-316	740	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	740	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	740	6	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	740	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	740	8	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	740	9	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	740	10	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-316	740	11	over	over	ADP
epaa-316	740	12	41	41	NUM
epaa-316	740	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	740	14	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	740	15	time	time	NOUN
epaa-316	740	16	were	be	AUX
epaa-316	740	17	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	740	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	740	19	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-316	740	20	rowan	rowan	PROPN
epaa-316	740	21	et	et	PROPN
epaa-316	740	22	al	al	PROPN
epaa-316	740	23	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	740	24	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-316	740	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	740	26	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	740	27	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	740	28	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	740	29	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-316	740	30	that	that	DET
epaa-316	740	31	exposure	exposure	NOUN
epaa-316	740	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	740	33	just	just	ADV
epaa-316	740	34	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	740	35	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	740	36	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	740	37	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	740	38	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	740	39	would	would	AUX
epaa-316	740	40	result	result	VERB
epaa-316	740	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	740	42	intractable	intractable	ADJ
epaa-316	740	43	deficits	deficit	NOUN
epaa-316	740	44	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	740	45	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	740	46	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-316	740	47	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	740	48	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-316	740	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	740	50	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	740	51	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	740	52	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	740	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	741	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-316	741	2	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	741	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	741	4	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-316	741	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	741	6	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-316	741	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	741	8	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-316	741	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	741	10	sanders	sander	NOUN
epaa-316	741	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	741	12	rivers	river	NOUN
epaa-316	741	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	741	14	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	741	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	741	16	reach	reach	VERB
epaa-316	741	17	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-316	741	18	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-316	741	19	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	741	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	741	21	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	741	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	741	23	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	741	24	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	741	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	741	26	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	741	27	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
epaa-316	741	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	742	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	742	2	this	this	DET
epaa-316	742	3	era	era	NOUN
epaa-316	742	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	742	5	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-316	742	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	742	7	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	742	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	742	9	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	742	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	742	11	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	742	12	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	742	13	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	742	14	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	742	15	mean	mean	VERB
epaa-316	742	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	742	17	loss	loss	NOUN
epaa-316	742	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	742	19	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-316	742	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	742	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	742	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	742	23	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-316	742	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	742	25	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	742	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	742	27	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	742	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	742	29	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	742	30	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	742	31	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	742	32	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-316	742	33	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	742	34	retention	retention	NOUN
epaa-316	742	35	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	742	36	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-316	742	37	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	742	38	denial	denial	NOUN
epaa-316	742	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	742	40	a	a	DET
epaa-316	742	41	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	742	42	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	742	43	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	742	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	743	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	743	2	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	743	3	are	be	VERB
epaa-316	743	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	743	5	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-316	743	6	throughout	throughout	ADP
epaa-316	743	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	743	8	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-316	743	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	743	10	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	743	11	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-316	743	12	use	use	NOUN
epaa-316	743	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	743	14	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	743	15	numbers	number	NOUN
epaa-316	743	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	743	17	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	743	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	743	19	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	743	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	743	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	743	22	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-316	743	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	743	24	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	743	25	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	743	26	hiring	hire	VERB
epaa-316	743	27	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	743	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	743	29	virtually	virtually	ADV
epaa-316	743	30	guarantee	guarantee	VERB
epaa-316	743	31	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	743	32	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	743	33	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	743	34	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	743	35	achieve	achieve	VERB
epaa-316	743	36	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-316	743	37	low	low	ADJ
epaa-316	743	38	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-316	743	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	743	40	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	743	41	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	743	42	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-316	743	43	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	743	44	referenced	reference	VERB
epaa-316	743	45	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-316	743	46	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	743	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	744	1	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	744	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	744	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	744	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	744	5	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-316	744	6	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	744	7	each	each	PRON
epaa-316	744	8	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	744	9	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	744	10	to	to	PART
epaa-316	744	11	pay	pay	VERB
epaa-316	744	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	744	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	744	14	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	744	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	744	16	assures	assure	VERB
epaa-316	744	17	less	less	ADV
epaa-316	744	18	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	744	19	desirable	desirable	ADJ
epaa-316	744	20	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-316	744	21	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	744	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	744	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	744	24	system	system	NOUN
epaa-316	744	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	745	1	this	this	DET
epaa-316	745	2	situation	situation	NOUN
epaa-316	745	3	raises	raise	VERB
epaa-316	745	4	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-316	745	5	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-316	745	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	745	7	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	745	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	745	9	such	such	ADJ
epaa-316	745	10	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	745	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	745	12	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	745	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	745	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	745	15	causes	cause	NOUN
epaa-316	745	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	745	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	745	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	745	19	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	745	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	745	21	accountable	accountable	ADJ
epaa-316	745	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	745	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	745	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	745	25	placement	placement	NOUN
epaa-316	745	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	745	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	745	28	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	745	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	745	30	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	745	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	745	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	745	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	745	34	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	745	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	745	36	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	745	37	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	745	38	challenging	challenging	ADJ
epaa-316	745	39	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	745	40	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	746	1	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	746	2	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	746	3	accept	accept	VERB
epaa-316	746	4	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-316	746	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	746	6	an	an	DET
epaa-316	746	7	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	746	8	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	746	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	746	10	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	746	11	harmful	harmful	ADJ
epaa-316	746	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	746	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	746	14	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-316	746	15	handicaps	handicap	VERB
epaa-316	746	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	746	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	746	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	746	19	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	746	20	social	social	ADJ
epaa-316	746	21	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-316	746	22	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	747	1	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	747	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	747	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	747	4	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	747	5	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	747	6	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	747	7	heavy	heavy	ADJ
epaa-316	747	8	use	use	NOUN
epaa-316	747	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	747	10	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	747	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	747	12	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	747	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	747	14	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	747	15	violate	violate	VERB
epaa-316	747	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	747	17	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	747	18	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-316	747	19	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
epaa-316	747	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	747	21	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-316	747	22	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	747	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	747	24	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	747	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	747	26	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-316	747	27	not	not	PART
epaa-316	747	28	to	to	PART
epaa-316	747	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	747	30	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	747	31	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	747	32	to	to	PART
epaa-316	747	33	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	747	34	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	748	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	748	2	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	748	3	these	these	DET
epaa-316	748	4	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-316	748	5	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	748	6	not	not	PART
epaa-316	748	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	748	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	748	9	compliance	compliance	NOUN
epaa-316	748	10	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	748	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	748	12	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	748	13	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-316	748	14	regulations	regulation	NOUN
epaa-316	748	15	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	748	16	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	748	17	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	748	18	not	not	PART
epaa-316	748	19	attract	attract	VERB
epaa-316	748	20	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	748	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	748	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	748	23	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	748	24	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	748	25	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	748	26	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	748	27	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	748	28	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	748	29	differently	differently	ADV
epaa-316	748	30	to	to	PART
epaa-316	748	31	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-316	748	32	funding	funding	NOUN
epaa-316	748	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	748	34	change	change	VERB
epaa-316	748	35	the	the	DET
epaa-316	748	36	working	work	VERB
epaa-316	748	37	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-316	748	38	so	so	SCONJ
epaa-316	748	39	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	748	40	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	748	41	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	748	42	attract	attract	VERB
epaa-316	748	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	748	44	keep	keep	VERB
epaa-316	748	45	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	748	46	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	748	47	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	749	1	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	749	2	makers	maker	NOUN
epaa-316	749	3	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	749	4	take	take	VERB
epaa-316	749	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	749	6	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	749	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	749	8	this	this	DET
epaa-316	749	9	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	749	10	seriously	seriously	ADV
epaa-316	749	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	749	12	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
epaa-316	749	13	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	749	14	funding	fund	VERB
epaa-316	749	15	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	749	16	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	749	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	749	18	this	this	DET
epaa-316	749	19	kind	kind	NOUN
epaa-316	749	20	to	to	PART
epaa-316	749	21	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-316	749	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	749	23	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-316	749	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	749	25	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	749	26	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	749	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	750	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	750	2	meanwhile	meanwhile	ADV
epaa-316	750	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	750	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	750	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	750	6	basis	basis	NOUN
epaa-316	750	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	750	8	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	750	9	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	750	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	750	11	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	750	12	see	see	VERB
epaa-316	750	13	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	750	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	750	15	a	a	DET
epaa-316	750	16	harmful	harmful	ADJ
epaa-316	750	17	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	750	18	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	750	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	751	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	751	2	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-316	751	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	751	4	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	751	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	751	6	authority	authority	NOUN
epaa-316	751	7	need	need	VERB
epaa-316	751	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	751	9	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-316	751	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	751	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	751	12	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-316	751	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	751	14	moral	moral	ADJ
epaa-316	751	15	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	751	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	751	17	arise	arise	VERB
epaa-316	751	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	751	19	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	751	20	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	751	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	752	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	752	2	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	752	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	752	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	752	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	752	6	systematically	systematically	ADV
epaa-316	752	7	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-316	752	8	an	an	DET
epaa-316	752	9	inferior	inferior	ADJ
epaa-316	752	10	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	752	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	752	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	752	13	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	752	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	752	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	752	16	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	752	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	753	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	753	2	start	start	VERB
epaa-316	753	3	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	753	4	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	753	5	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
epaa-316	753	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	753	7	then	then	ADV
epaa-316	753	8	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	753	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	753	10	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	753	11	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	753	12	adopt	adopt	VERB
epaa-316	753	13	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	753	14	handicap	handicap	VERB
epaa-316	753	15	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	753	16	20	20	NUM
epaa-316	753	17	%	%	NOUN
epaa-316	753	18	more	more	ADJ
epaa-316	753	19	per	per	ADP
epaa-316	753	20	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	753	21	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-316	753	22	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	753	23	assign	assign	VERB
epaa-316	753	24	them	they	PRON
epaa-316	753	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	753	26	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	753	27	staffed	staff	VERB
epaa-316	753	28	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	753	29	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	753	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	753	31	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	753	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	753	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	754	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	754	2	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	754	3	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	754	4	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	754	5	collected	collect	VERB
epaa-316	754	6	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	754	7	inform	inform	VERB
epaa-316	754	8	us	we	PRON
epaa-316	754	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	754	10	there	there	PRON
epaa-316	754	11	is	be	VERB
epaa-316	754	12	no	no	DET
epaa-316	754	13	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	754	14	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	754	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	754	16	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	754	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	754	18	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	754	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	754	20	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	754	21	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	754	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	754	23	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	754	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	754	25	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	754	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	754	27	all	all	DET
epaa-316	754	28	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	754	29	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	754	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	754	31	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	754	32	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	754	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	755	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	755	2	all	all	DET
epaa-316	755	3	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	755	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	755	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	755	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	755	7	both	both	DET
epaa-316	755	8	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	755	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	755	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	755	11	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	755	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	755	13	out	out	ADV
epaa-316	755	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	755	15	performed	perform	VERB
epaa-316	755	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	755	17	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	755	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	755	19	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	755	20	novice	novice	NOUN
epaa-316	755	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	755	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	755	23	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	755	24	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	755	25	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	755	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	756	1	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	756	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	756	3	contradict	contradict	VERB
epaa-316	756	4	claims	claim	NOUN
epaa-316	756	5	made	make	VERB
epaa-316	756	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	756	7	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	756	8	advocates	advocate	VERB
epaa-316	756	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	756	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	756	11	enthusiasm	enthusiasm	NOUN
epaa-316	756	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	756	13	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	756	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	756	15	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	756	16	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	756	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	756	18	as	as	ADV
epaa-316	756	19	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	756	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	756	21	a	a	DET
epaa-316	756	22	general	general	ADJ
epaa-316	756	23	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	756	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	756	25	a	a	DET
epaa-316	756	26	prestigious	prestigious	ADJ
epaa-316	756	27	university	university	NOUN
epaa-316	756	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	756	29	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	756	30	these	these	DET
epaa-316	756	31	recruits	recruit	NOUN
epaa-316	756	32	to	to	PART
epaa-316	756	33	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	756	34	adequately	adequately	ADV
epaa-316	756	35	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	756	36	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	756	37	's	's	PART
epaa-316	756	38	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	756	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	757	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	757	2	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	757	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	757	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	757	5	no	no	ADV
epaa-316	757	6	better	well	ADV
epaa-316	757	7	able	able	ADJ
epaa-316	757	8	to	to	PART
epaa-316	757	9	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	757	10	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	757	11	any	any	DET
epaa-316	757	12	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	757	13	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	757	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	757	15	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-316	757	16	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	757	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	758	2	general	general	ADJ
epaa-316	758	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	758	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	758	6	teach	teach	NOUN
epaa-316	758	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	758	8	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	758	9	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	758	10	been	be	AUX
epaa-316	758	11	limited	limit	VERB
epaa-316	758	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	758	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	758	14	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	758	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	758	16	often	often	ADV
epaa-316	758	17	contradictory	contradictory	ADJ
epaa-316	758	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	19	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	758	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	21	hammond	hammond	NOUN
epaa-316	758	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	23	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	758	24	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	25	1997a	1997a	NUM
epaa-316	758	26	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	27	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	758	28	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	29	stevens	stevens	PROPN
epaa-316	758	30	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	758	31	dial	dial	PROPN
epaa-316	758	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	33	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	758	34	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	35	schorr	schorr	PROPN
epaa-316	758	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	37	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	758	38	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	39	kopp	kopp	PROPN
epaa-316	758	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	41	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	758	42	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	43	raymond	raymond	PROPN
epaa-316	758	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	45	fletcher	fletcher	PROPN
epaa-316	758	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	47	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	758	48	luque	luque	PROPN
epaa-316	758	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	50	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	758	51	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	758	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	759	1	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	759	2	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	759	3	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	759	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	759	5	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	759	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	759	7	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-316	759	8	contradict	contradict	VERB
epaa-316	759	9	those	those	PRON
epaa-316	759	10	reported	report	VERB
epaa-316	759	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	759	12	raymond	raymond	PROPN
epaa-316	759	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	759	14	fletcher	fletcher	PROPN
epaa-316	759	15	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	759	16	luque	luque	PROPN
epaa-316	759	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	759	18	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	759	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	759	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	760	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	760	2	find	find	VERB
epaa-316	760	3	no	no	DET
epaa-316	760	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	760	5	to	to	PART
epaa-316	760	6	support	support	VERB
epaa-316	760	7	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	760	8	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-316	760	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	760	10	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	760	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	760	12	produce	produce	VERB
epaa-316	760	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	760	14	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-316	760	15	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	760	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	760	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	760	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	760	19	'	'	PART
epaa-316	760	20	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	760	21	relative	relative	NOUN
epaa-316	760	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	760	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	760	24	recruited	recruit	VERB
epaa-316	760	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	760	26	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	760	27	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-316	760	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	761	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	761	2	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	761	3	view	view	NOUN
epaa-316	761	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	761	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	761	6	preponderance	preponderance	NOUN
epaa-316	761	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	761	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	761	9	available	available	ADJ
epaa-316	761	10	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	761	11	raises	raise	VERB
epaa-316	761	12	serious	serious	ADJ
epaa-316	761	13	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-316	761	14	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	761	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	761	16	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	761	17	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	761	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	762	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-316	762	2	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	762	3	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	762	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	762	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	762	6	required	require	VERB
epaa-316	762	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	762	8	take	take	VERB
epaa-316	762	9	a	a	DET
epaa-316	762	10	six	six	NUM
epaa-316	762	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	762	12	week	week	NOUN
epaa-316	762	13	summer	summer	NOUN
epaa-316	762	14	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	762	15	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	762	16	before	before	SCONJ
epaa-316	762	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	762	18	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	762	19	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	762	20	begins	begin	VERB
epaa-316	762	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	762	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	762	23	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	762	24	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-316	762	25	support	support	NOUN
epaa-316	762	26	throughout	throughout	ADP
epaa-316	762	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	762	28	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	762	29	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	762	30	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	762	31	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	762	32	personnel	personnel	NOUN
epaa-316	762	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	762	34	the	the	DET
epaa-316	762	35	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	762	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	762	37	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	762	38	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	762	39	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	762	40	indistinguishable	indistinguishable	ADJ
epaa-316	762	41	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	762	42	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	762	43	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	762	44	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	762	45	's	's	AUX
epaa-316	762	46	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	762	47	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	762	48	other	other	ADJ
epaa-316	762	49	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	762	50	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	762	51	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	762	52	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	762	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	763	1	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	763	2	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	763	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	763	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	763	5	makers	maker	NOUN
epaa-316	763	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	763	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	763	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	763	9	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	763	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	763	11	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	763	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	763	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	763	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	763	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	763	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	763	17	tfa	tfa	NOUN
epaa-316	763	18	42	42	NUM
epaa-316	763	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	763	20	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	763	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	763	22	was	be	AUX
epaa-316	763	23	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-316	763	24	than	than	ADP
epaa-316	763	25	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	763	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	763	27	the	the	DET
epaa-316	763	28	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	763	29	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-316	763	30	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	763	31	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-316	763	32	inexperienced	inexperienced	ADJ
epaa-316	763	33	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	763	34	fully	fully	ADV
epaa-316	763	35	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	763	36	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	763	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	764	1	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	764	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	764	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	764	4	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	764	5	important	important	ADJ
epaa-316	764	6	finding	finding	NOUN
epaa-316	764	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	765	1	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	765	2	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	765	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	765	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	765	5	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-316	765	6	way	way	NOUN
epaa-316	765	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	765	8	young	young	ADJ
epaa-316	765	9	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	765	10	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-316	765	11	to	to	PART
epaa-316	765	12	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	765	13	some	some	DET
epaa-316	765	14	money	money	NOUN
epaa-316	765	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	765	16	take	take	VERB
epaa-316	765	17	a	a	DET
epaa-316	765	18	few	few	ADJ
epaa-316	765	19	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	765	20	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	765	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	765	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	765	23	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
epaa-316	765	24	path	path	NOUN
epaa-316	765	25	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	765	26	careers	career	NOUN
epaa-316	765	27	demand	demand	VERB
epaa-316	765	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	766	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	766	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	766	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	766	4	hurting	hurt	VERB
epaa-316	766	5	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	766	6	young	young	ADJ
epaa-316	766	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	766	8	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
epaa-316	766	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	766	10	inner	inner	ADJ
epaa-316	766	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	766	12	city	city	NOUN
epaa-316	766	13	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	766	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	767	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	767	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	767	3	expect	expect	VERB
epaa-316	767	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	767	5	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	767	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	767	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	767	8	faring	fare	VERB
epaa-316	767	9	no	no	ADV
epaa-316	767	10	better	well	ADV
epaa-316	767	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	767	12	rural	rural	ADJ
epaa-316	767	13	communities	community	NOUN
epaa-316	767	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	767	15	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	767	16	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	767	17	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	767	18	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	767	19	not	not	PART
epaa-316	767	20	address	address	VERB
epaa-316	767	21	that	that	DET
epaa-316	767	22	population	population	NOUN
epaa-316	767	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	767	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	768	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-316	768	2	an	an	DET
epaa-316	768	3	overwhelmingly	overwhelmingly	ADV
epaa-316	768	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	768	5	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-316	768	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	768	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	768	8	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	768	9	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	768	10	also	also	ADV
epaa-316	768	11	leave	leave	VERB
epaa-316	768	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	768	13	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	768	14	after	after	ADP
epaa-316	768	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	768	16	two	two	NUM
epaa-316	768	17	years	year	NOUN
epaa-316	768	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	768	19	service	service	NOUN
epaa-316	768	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	768	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	768	22	hard	hard	ADV
epaa-316	768	23	earned	earn	VERB
epaa-316	768	24	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	768	25	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-316	768	26	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	768	27	never	never	ADV
epaa-316	768	28	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	768	29	put	put	VERB
epaa-316	768	30	to	to	PART
epaa-316	768	31	use	use	VERB
epaa-316	768	32	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	768	33	future	future	ADJ
epaa-316	768	34	generations	generation	NOUN
epaa-316	768	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	768	36	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	768	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	769	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-316	769	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	769	3	tfa	tfa	PROPN
epaa-316	769	4	program	program	PROPN
epaa-316	769	5	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-316	769	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	769	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	769	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	769	9	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-316	769	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	769	11	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	769	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	769	13	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-316	769	14	part	part	NOUN
epaa-316	769	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	769	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	769	17	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-316	769	18	pattern	pattern	NOUN
epaa-316	769	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	769	20	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-316	769	21	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	769	22	attends	attend	VERB
epaa-316	769	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	769	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	769	25	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	769	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	769	27	hiring	hire	VERB
epaa-316	769	28	under	under	ADV
epaa-316	769	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	769	30	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	769	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	769	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	770	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	770	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	770	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	770	4	hiring	hire	VERB
epaa-316	770	5	under	under	ADP
epaa-316	770	6	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-316	770	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	770	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	770	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	770	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	770	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	770	12	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-316	770	13	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	770	14	's	's	PART
epaa-316	770	15	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	770	16	looks	look	VERB
epaa-316	770	17	like	like	ADP
epaa-316	770	18	an	an	DET
epaa-316	770	19	act	act	NOUN
epaa-316	770	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	770	21	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	770	22	warfare	warfare	NOUN
epaa-316	770	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	770	24	a	a	DET
epaa-316	770	25	concept	concept	NOUN
epaa-316	770	26	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	770	27	americans	americans	PROPN
epaa-316	770	28	find	find	VERB
epaa-316	770	29	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-316	770	30	to	to	PART
epaa-316	770	31	accept	accept	VERB
epaa-316	770	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	771	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-316	771	2	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	771	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-316	771	4	adopted	adopt	VERB
epaa-316	771	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	771	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	771	7	allowed	allow	VERB
epaa-316	771	8	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	771	9	to	to	PART
epaa-316	771	10	continue	continue	VERB
epaa-316	771	11	unchallenged	unchallenged	ADJ
epaa-316	771	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	771	13	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	771	14	prevent	prevent	VERB
epaa-316	771	15	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	771	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	771	17	rural	rural	ADJ
epaa-316	771	18	american	american	ADJ
epaa-316	771	19	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	771	20	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	771	21	receiving	receive	VERB
epaa-316	771	22	the	the	DET
epaa-316	771	23	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	771	24	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	771	25	need	need	VERB
epaa-316	771	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	771	27	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
epaa-316	771	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	771	29	to	to	PART
epaa-316	771	30	compete	compete	VERB
epaa-316	771	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	771	32	the	the	DET
epaa-316	771	33	economy	economy	NOUN
epaa-316	771	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	771	35	the	the	DET
epaa-316	771	36	21st	21st	ADJ
epaa-316	771	37	century	century	NOUN
epaa-316	771	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	772	1	these	these	PRON
epaa-316	772	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	772	3	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	772	4	to	to	PART
epaa-316	772	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	772	6	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ
epaa-316	772	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	772	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	772	9	abandoned	abandon	VERB
epaa-316	772	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	773	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	773	2	hope	hope	VERB
epaa-316	773	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-316	773	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	773	5	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	773	6	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-316	773	7	legislation	legislation	NOUN
epaa-316	773	8	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	773	9	change	change	VERB
epaa-316	773	10	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-316	773	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	773	12	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-316	773	13	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	773	14	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	773	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	773	16	taken	take	VERB
epaa-316	773	17	literally	literally	ADV
epaa-316	773	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	773	19	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	773	20	might	might	AUX
epaa-316	773	21	eventually	eventually	ADV
epaa-316	773	22	have	have	VERB
epaa-316	773	23	highly	highly	ADV
epaa-316	773	24	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	773	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	773	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	773	27	all	all	PRON
epaa-316	773	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	773	29	our	our	PRON
epaa-316	773	30	nations	nation	NOUN
epaa-316	773	31	'	'	PART
epaa-316	773	32	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	773	33	to	to	PART
epaa-316	773	34	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-316	773	35	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	773	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	774	1	note	note	VERB
epaa-316	774	2	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	774	3	this	this	DET
epaa-316	774	4	article	article	NOUN
epaa-316	774	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	774	6	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	774	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	774	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	774	9	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	774	10	author	author	NOUN
epaa-316	774	11	's	's	PART
epaa-316	774	12	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
epaa-316	774	13	titled	title	VERB
epaa-316	774	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	774	15	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	774	16	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	774	17	matter	matter	VERB
epaa-316	774	18	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	774	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	774	20	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	774	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	774	22	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	774	23	status	status	NOUN
epaa-316	774	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	774	25	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	774	26	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	774	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	774	28	completed	complete	VERB
epaa-316	774	29	spring	spring	NOUN
epaa-316	774	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	774	31	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	774	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	774	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	774	34	the	the	DET
epaa-316	774	35	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	774	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	774	37	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	774	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	774	39	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	774	40	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	774	41	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	774	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	775	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	775	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-316	775	3	author	author	NOUN
epaa-316	775	4	received	receive	VERB
epaa-316	775	5	partial	partial	ADJ
epaa-316	775	6	funding	funding	NOUN
epaa-316	775	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	775	8	helping	help	VERB
epaa-316	775	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	775	10	this	this	DET
epaa-316	775	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	775	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	775	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	775	14	rockefeller	rockefeller	PROPN
epaa-316	775	15	foundation	foundation	PROPN
epaa-316	775	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	775	17	to	to	PART
epaa-316	775	18	whom	whom	PRON
epaa-316	775	19	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	775	20	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	775	21	grateful	grateful	ADJ
epaa-316	775	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	776	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	776	2	views	view	NOUN
epaa-316	776	3	expressed	express	VERB
epaa-316	776	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	776	5	this	this	DET
epaa-316	776	6	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	776	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	776	8	however	however	ADV
epaa-316	776	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	776	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	776	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	776	12	sole	sole	ADJ
epaa-316	776	13	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-316	776	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	776	15	its	its	PRON
epaa-316	776	16	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-316	776	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	776	18	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	776	19	not	not	PART
epaa-316	776	20	reflect	reflect	VERB
epaa-316	776	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	776	22	views	view	NOUN
epaa-316	776	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	776	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	776	25	rockefeller	rockefeller	PROPN
epaa-316	776	26	foundation	foundation	PROPN
epaa-316	776	27	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	776	28	the	the	DET
epaa-316	776	29	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	776	30	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	776	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	776	32	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	776	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	777	1	references	reference	NOUN
epaa-316	777	2	angus	angus	VERB
epaa-316	777	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	777	4	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	777	5	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	777	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	777	7	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	777	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	777	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	778	1	professionalism	professionalism	NOUN
epaa-316	778	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	778	3	the	the	DET
epaa-316	778	4	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	778	5	good	good	NOUN
epaa-316	778	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	778	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	778	8	brief	brief	ADJ
epaa-316	778	9	history	history	NOUN
epaa-316	778	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	778	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	778	12	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	778	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	779	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	779	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	779	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-316	779	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	779	5	fordham	fordham	PROPN
epaa-316	779	6	foundaton	foundaton	PROPN
epaa-316	779	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	780	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	780	2	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	780	3	25	25	NUM
epaa-316	780	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	780	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	780	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	780	7	http://www.edexcellence.net/library/angus/angus.html	http://www.edexcellence.net/library/angus/angus.html	PROPN
epaa-316	780	8	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	780	9	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	780	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	780	11	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	780	12	web	web	NOUN
epaa-316	780	13	page	page	NOUN
epaa-316	780	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	781	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	781	2	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	781	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	781	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	782	1	available	available	ADJ
epaa-316	782	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	782	3	http://www.ade.az.gov	http://www.ade.az.gov	PROPN
epaa-316	782	4	ashton	ashton	PROPN
epaa-316	782	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	782	6	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-316	782	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	782	8	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	782	9	crocker	crocker	PROPN
epaa-316	782	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	782	11	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	782	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	782	13	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-316	782	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	782	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	783	1	systematic	systematic	ADJ
epaa-316	783	2	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	783	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	783	4	planned	planned	ADJ
epaa-316	783	5	variations	variation	NOUN
epaa-316	783	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	783	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	783	8	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-316	783	9	focus	focus	NOUN
epaa-316	783	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	783	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	783	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	783	13	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-316	783	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	784	1	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	784	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	784	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	784	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	784	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	784	6	38(1	38(1	NUM
epaa-316	784	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	784	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	784	9	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	784	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	784	11	8	8	NUM
epaa-316	784	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	785	1	ashton	ashton	PROPN
epaa-316	785	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	785	3	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-316	785	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	785	5	crocker	crocker	PROPN
epaa-316	785	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	785	7	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	785	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	785	9	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	785	10	olejnik	olejnik	PROPN
epaa-316	785	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	785	12	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	785	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	785	14	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-316	785	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	785	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	786	1	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	786	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	786	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	786	4	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	786	5	a	a	DET
epaa-316	786	6	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	786	7	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	787	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	787	2	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	787	3	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	787	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	787	5	planning	planning	NOUN
epaa-316	787	6	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	787	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	788	1	executive	executive	ADJ
epaa-316	788	2	summary	summary	NOUN
epaa-316	788	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	788	4	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-316	788	5	monograph	monograph	NOUN
epaa-316	788	6	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	788	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	788	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	788	9	institute	institute	NOUN
epaa-316	788	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	788	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	788	12	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	788	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	788	14	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	788	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	788	16	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-316	788	17	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	788	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	788	19	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	788	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	789	1	ballou	ballou	PROPN
epaa-316	789	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	789	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	789	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	789	5	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	789	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	789	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	790	1	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	790	2	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	790	3	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	790	4	hire	hire	VERB
epaa-316	790	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	790	6	best	good	ADJ
epaa-316	790	7	applicants	applicant	NOUN
epaa-316	790	8	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	791	1	quarterly	quarterly	ADJ
epaa-316	791	2	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	791	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	791	4	economics	economic	NOUN
epaa-316	791	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	791	6	3(2	3(2	NUM
epaa-316	791	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	791	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	791	9	97	97	NUM
epaa-316	791	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	791	11	134	134	NUM
epaa-316	791	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	792	1	ballou	ballou	PROPN
epaa-316	792	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	792	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	792	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	792	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	792	6	podgursky	podgursky	PROPN
epaa-316	792	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	792	8	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	792	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	792	10	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	792	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	792	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	793	1	reforming	reform	VERB
epaa-316	793	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	793	3	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	793	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	793	5	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-316	793	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	793	7	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	793	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	793	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	793	10	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	793	11	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	794	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	794	2	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	794	3	record	record	NOUN
epaa-316	794	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	795	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	795	2	november	november	PROPN
epaa-316	795	3	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	795	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	795	5	http://www.tcrecord.org./	http://www.tcrecord.org./	PROPN
epaa-316	795	6	berry	berry	NOUN
epaa-316	795	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	795	8	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	795	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	795	10	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	795	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	795	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	796	1	no	no	DET
epaa-316	796	2	shortcuts	shortcut	NOUN
epaa-316	796	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	796	4	preparing	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	796	5	good	good	ADJ
epaa-316	796	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	796	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	797	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	797	2	leadership	leadership	NOUN
epaa-316	797	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	797	4	58(8	58(8	NUM
epaa-316	797	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	797	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	798	1	43	43	NUM
epaa-316	798	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	798	3	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	798	4	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	798	5	january	january	PROPN
epaa-316	798	6	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	798	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	798	8	http://ascd.org/readingroom/edlead/	http://ascd.org/readingroom/edlead/	PROPN
epaa-316	798	9	0105	0105	NUM
epaa-316	798	10	/	/	SYM
epaa-316	798	11	berry.html	berry.html	PROPN
epaa-316	798	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	799	1	bliss	bliss	ADJ
epaa-316	799	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	799	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-316	799	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	799	5	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	799	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	799	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	800	1	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	800	2	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	800	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	800	4	connecticut	connecticut	PROPN
epaa-316	800	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	800	6	reshaping	reshape	VERB
epaa-316	800	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	800	8	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	800	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	801	1	peabody	peabody	PROPN
epaa-316	801	2	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	801	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	801	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	801	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	801	6	67(3	67(3	NUM
epaa-316	801	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	801	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	801	9	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	801	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	801	11	54	54	NUM
epaa-316	801	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	802	1	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
epaa-316	802	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	802	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	802	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	802	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	802	6	hawk	hawk	PROPN
epaa-316	802	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	802	8	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	802	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	802	10	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	802	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	802	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	803	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	803	2	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	803	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	803	4	does	do	AUX
epaa-316	803	5	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	803	6	really	really	ADV
epaa-316	803	7	make	make	VERB
epaa-316	803	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	803	9	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	803	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	803	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	803	12	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	803	13	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	804	1	greenville	greenville	PROPN
epaa-316	804	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	804	3	nc	nc	PROPN
epaa-316	804	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	804	5	eastern	eastern	PROPN
epaa-316	804	6	north	north	PROPN
epaa-316	804	7	carolina	carolina	PROPN
epaa-316	804	8	consortium	consortium	PROPN
epaa-316	804	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	804	10	assistance	assistance	NOUN
epaa-316	804	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	804	12	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	804	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	804	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	804	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	805	1	buck	buck	NOUN
epaa-316	805	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	805	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-316	805	4	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-316	805	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	805	6	polloway	polloway	PROPN
epaa-316	805	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	805	8	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	805	9	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-316	805	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	805	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	805	12	robb	robb	PROPN
epaa-316	805	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	805	14	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	805	15	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-316	805	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	805	17	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-316	805	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	805	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	806	1	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	806	2	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	806	3	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	806	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	806	5	a	a	DET
epaa-316	806	6	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	806	7	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-316	806	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	807	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	807	2	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	807	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	807	4	special	special	ADJ
epaa-316	807	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	807	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	807	7	18(1	18(1	NUM
epaa-316	807	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	807	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	807	10	39	39	NUM
epaa-316	807	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	807	12	48	48	NUM
epaa-316	807	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	808	1	burbules	burbule	NOUN
epaa-316	808	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	808	3	n.	n.	PROPN
epaa-316	808	4	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	808	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	808	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	808	7	densmore	densmore	PROPN
epaa-316	808	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	808	9	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	808	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	808	11	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	808	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	808	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	809	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	809	2	limits	limit	NOUN
epaa-316	809	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	809	4	making	make	VERB
epaa-316	809	5	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	809	6	a	a	DET
epaa-316	809	7	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	809	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	810	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	810	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	810	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	810	4	5(1	5(1	NUM
epaa-316	810	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	810	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	810	7	44	44	NUM
epaa-316	810	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	810	9	63	63	NUM
epaa-316	810	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	811	1	byrne	byrne	PROPN
epaa-316	811	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	811	3	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	811	4	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	811	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	811	6	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-316	811	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	811	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	812	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	812	2	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	812	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	812	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	812	5	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-316	812	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	812	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	812	8	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	812	9	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	812	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	812	11	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
epaa-316	812	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	812	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	812	14	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-316	812	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	812	16	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	812	17	strategy	strategy	NOUN
epaa-316	812	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	813	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-316	813	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-316	813	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	813	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	813	5	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-316	813	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	813	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	813	8	northeastern	northeastern	ADJ
epaa-316	813	9	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	813	10	research	research	PROPN
epaa-316	813	11	association	association	PROPN
epaa-316	813	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	813	13	ellenville	ellenville	PROPN
epaa-316	813	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	813	15	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-316	813	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	813	17	cochran	cochran	PROPN
epaa-316	813	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	813	19	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-316	813	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	813	21	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	813	22	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	813	23	fries	fry	NOUN
epaa-316	813	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	813	25	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	813	26	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	814	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	814	2	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	814	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	814	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	815	1	sticks	stick	NOUN
epaa-316	815	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	815	3	stones	stone	NOUN
epaa-316	815	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	815	5	ideology	ideology	NOUN
epaa-316	815	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	815	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	815	8	discourse	discourse	NOUN
epaa-316	815	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	815	10	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-316	815	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	815	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	815	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	815	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	816	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	816	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	4	30(8	30(8	NUM
epaa-316	816	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	7	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	816	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	816	9	15	15	NUM
epaa-316	816	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	11	crehan	crehan	PROPN
epaa-316	816	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	13	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	816	14	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	816	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	16	hess	hess	PROPN
epaa-316	816	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	18	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	816	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	20	lawrence	lawrence	PROPN
epaa-316	816	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	22	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-316	816	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	24	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	816	25	sabers	saber	NOUN
epaa-316	816	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	27	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	816	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	29	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	816	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	816	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	817	1	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-316	817	2	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	817	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	817	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	817	5	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	817	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-316	817	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	818	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-316	818	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-316	818	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	818	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	818	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-316	818	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-316	818	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	818	8	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	818	9	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	818	10	research	research	PROPN
epaa-316	818	11	organization	organization	PROPN
epaa-316	818	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	818	13	tucson	tucson	PROPN
epaa-316	818	14	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	818	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	819	1	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	819	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	819	3	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	819	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	819	5	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	819	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	819	7	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	819	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	819	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	820	1	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	820	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	820	3	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	820	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	820	5	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	820	6	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	820	7	posed	pose	VERB
epaa-316	820	8	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	820	9	alternate	alternate	ADJ
epaa-316	820	10	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	820	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	820	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	820	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	821	1	peabody	peabody	PROPN
epaa-316	821	2	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	821	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	821	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	821	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	821	6	67(3	67(3	NUM
epaa-316	821	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	821	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	821	9	123	123	NUM
epaa-316	821	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	821	11	154	154	NUM
epaa-316	821	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	822	1	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	822	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	822	3	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	822	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	822	5	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	822	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	822	7	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	822	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	822	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	823	1	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	823	2	will	will	AUX
epaa-316	823	3	speak	speak	VERB
epaa-316	823	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	823	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	823	6	children	child	NOUN
epaa-316	823	7	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	824	1	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-316	824	2	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	824	3	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	824	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	824	5	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	824	6	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	824	7	hurts	hurt	VERB
epaa-316	824	8	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	824	9	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	824	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	824	11	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	824	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	825	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-316	825	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-316	825	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-316	825	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	825	5	76(1	76(1	PROPN
epaa-316	825	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	825	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	825	8	21	21	NUM
epaa-316	825	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	825	10	34	34	NUM
epaa-316	825	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	826	1	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	826	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	826	3	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	826	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	826	5	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	826	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	826	7	1997a	1997a	NUM
epaa-316	826	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	826	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	827	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	827	2	right	right	NOUN
epaa-316	827	3	to	to	PART
epaa-316	827	4	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-316	827	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	827	6	a	a	DET
epaa-316	827	7	blueprint	blueprint	NOUN
epaa-316	827	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	827	9	creating	create	VERB
epaa-316	827	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	827	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-316	827	12	work	work	VERB
epaa-316	827	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	828	1	san	san	PROPN
epaa-316	828	2	francisco	francisco	PROPN
epaa-316	828	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	828	4	ca	ca	PROPN
epaa-316	828	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	829	1	jossey	jossey	NOUN
epaa-316	829	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	829	3	bass	bass	NOUN
epaa-316	829	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	830	1	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	830	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	830	3	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	830	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	830	5	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	830	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	830	7	1997b	1997b	NUM
epaa-316	830	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	830	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	831	1	doing	do	VERB
epaa-316	831	2	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	831	3	matters	matter	VERB
epaa-316	831	4	most	most	ADV
epaa-316	831	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	831	6	investing	invest	VERB
epaa-316	831	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	831	8	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	831	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	831	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	832	1	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-316	832	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	832	3	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	832	4	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-316	832	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	832	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	832	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	832	8	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	832	9	's	's	PART
epaa-316	832	10	future	future	NOUN
epaa-316	832	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	832	12	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-316	832	13	college	college	PROPN
epaa-316	832	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	832	15	columbia	columbia	PROPN
epaa-316	832	16	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	832	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	833	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	833	2	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	833	3	27	27	NUM
epaa-316	833	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	833	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	833	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	833	7	http://www.nctaf.org/publications/index.html	http://www.nctaf.org/publications/index.html	NUM
epaa-316	833	8	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	833	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	833	10	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	833	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	833	12	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	833	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	833	14	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	833	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	833	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	834	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	834	2	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	834	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	834	4	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	834	5	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	834	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	834	7	a	a	DET
epaa-316	834	8	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	834	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	834	10	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	834	11	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	834	12	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	834	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	835	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	835	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	835	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	835	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-316	835	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	835	6	8(1	8(1	NOUN
epaa-316	835	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	835	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	836	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	836	2	january	january	PROPN
epaa-316	836	3	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	836	4	fromhttp://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n1/	fromhttp://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n1/	NUM
epaa-316	837	1	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	837	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	837	3	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	837	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	837	5	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	837	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	837	7	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	837	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	837	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	838	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	838	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	838	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	838	4	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
epaa-316	838	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	838	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	838	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	838	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	838	9	a	a	DET
epaa-316	838	10	response	response	NOUN
epaa-316	838	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	838	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	838	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	838	14	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	838	15	reconsidered	reconsider	VERB
epaa-316	838	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	838	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	839	1	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-316	839	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	839	3	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	839	4	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-316	839	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	839	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	839	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	839	8	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	839	9	's	's	PART
epaa-316	839	10	future	future	NOUN
epaa-316	839	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	839	12	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-316	839	13	college	college	PROPN
epaa-316	839	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	839	15	columbia	columbia	PROPN
epaa-316	839	16	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	839	17	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	839	18	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	839	19	26	26	NUM
epaa-316	839	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	839	21	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	839	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	839	23	http://www.nctaf.org/publications/index.html	http://www.nctaf.org/publications/index.html	NUM
epaa-316	839	24	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	839	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	839	26	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	839	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	839	28	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	839	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	839	30	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	839	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	839	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	840	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	840	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	840	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	840	4	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
epaa-316	840	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	840	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	840	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	840	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	840	9	a	a	DET
epaa-316	840	10	response	response	NOUN
epaa-316	840	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	840	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-316	840	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	840	14	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	840	15	reconsidered	reconsider	VERB
epaa-316	840	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	841	1	"educational	"educational	ADJ
epaa-316	841	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	841	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	841	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-316	841	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	841	6	10(36	10(36	NUM
epaa-316	841	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	841	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	842	1	retreived	retreive	VERB
epaa-316	842	2	september	september	PROPN
epaa-316	842	3	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	842	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	842	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	842	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	842	7	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n36.html	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n36.html	PROPN
epaa-316	842	8	44	44	NUM
epaa-316	842	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	842	10	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	842	11	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	842	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	842	13	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	842	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	842	15	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	842	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	842	17	berry	berry	PROPN
epaa-316	842	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	842	19	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	842	20	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	842	21	thoreson	thoreson	PROPN
epaa-316	842	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	842	23	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-316	842	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	842	25	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	842	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	842	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	843	1	does	do	VERB
epaa-316	843	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	843	3	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	843	4	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	843	5	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	844	1	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	844	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	844	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	844	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	845	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	845	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	845	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	845	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	845	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	845	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	845	7	23(1	23(1	NOUN
epaa-316	845	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	845	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	845	10	57	57	NUM
epaa-316	845	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	845	12	77	77	NUM
epaa-316	845	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	846	1	darling	darling	NOUN
epaa-316	846	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	846	3	hammond	hammond	PROPN
epaa-316	846	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	846	5	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	846	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	846	7	chung	chung	PROPN
epaa-316	846	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	846	9	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	846	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	846	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	846	12	frelow	frelow	PROPN
epaa-316	846	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	846	14	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-316	846	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	846	16	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	846	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	846	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	847	1	variation	variation	NOUN
epaa-316	847	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	847	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	847	4	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	847	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	847	6	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-316	847	7	well	well	ADV
epaa-316	847	8	do	do	AUX
epaa-316	847	9	different	different	ADJ
epaa-316	847	10	pathways	pathway	NOUN
epaa-316	847	11	prepare	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	847	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	847	13	to	to	PART
epaa-316	847	14	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	847	15	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	848	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	848	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	848	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	848	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	848	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	848	6	53(4	53(4	NOUN
epaa-316	848	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	848	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	848	9	286	286	NUM
epaa-316	848	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	848	11	302	302	NUM
epaa-316	848	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	848	13	eifler	eifler	PROPN
epaa-316	848	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	848	15	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	848	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	848	17	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	848	18	potthoff	potthoff	PROPN
epaa-316	848	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	848	20	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	848	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	848	22	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	848	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	848	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	849	1	nontraditional	nontraditional	ADJ
epaa-316	849	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	849	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	849	4	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	849	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	849	6	a	a	DET
epaa-316	849	7	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
epaa-316	849	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	849	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	849	10	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-316	849	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	850	1	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	850	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	850	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	850	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	850	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	850	6	49(3	49(3	PROPN
epaa-316	850	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	850	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	850	9	187	187	NUM
epaa-316	850	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	850	11	195	195	NUM
epaa-316	850	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	851	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	851	2	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-316	851	3	service	service	NOUN
epaa-316	851	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	851	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	851	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	851	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	852	1	praxis	praxis	PROPN
epaa-316	852	2	information	information	NOUN
epaa-316	852	3	web	web	NOUN
epaa-316	852	4	page	page	NOUN
epaa-316	852	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	853	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	853	2	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	853	3	25	25	NUM
epaa-316	853	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	853	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	853	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	853	7	http://www.teachingandlearning.org/licnsure/praxis/prxtest.html	http://www.teachingandlearning.org/licnsure/praxis/prxtest.html	PROPN
epaa-316	853	8	ehrenberg	ehrenberg	PROPN
epaa-316	853	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	853	10	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	853	11	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-316	853	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	853	13	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	853	14	brewer	brewer	PROPN
epaa-316	853	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	853	16	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	853	17	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	853	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	853	19	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	853	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	853	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	854	1	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	854	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	854	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	854	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	854	5	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	854	6	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	854	7	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	855	1	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	855	2	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	855	3	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	855	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	855	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	855	6	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-316	855	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	856	1	economics	economic	NOUN
epaa-316	856	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	856	3	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	856	4	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	856	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	856	6	13(1	13(1	NUM
epaa-316	856	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	856	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	856	9	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	856	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	856	11	17	17	NUM
epaa-316	856	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	857	1	evertson	evertson	PROPN
epaa-316	857	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	857	3	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	857	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	857	5	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-316	857	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	857	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	858	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	858	2	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	858	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	858	4	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-316	858	5	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	858	6	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	858	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	858	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	858	9	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	858	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	858	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	858	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	859	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	859	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	859	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-316	859	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	859	5	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	859	6	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-316	859	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	859	8	excellence	excellence	PROPN
epaa-316	859	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	859	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	859	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	859	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	860	1	everston	everston	PROPN
epaa-316	860	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	860	3	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	860	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	860	5	hawley	hawley	PROPN
epaa-316	860	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	860	7	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-316	860	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	860	9	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	860	10	zlotnik	zlotnik	PROPN
epaa-316	860	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	860	12	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	860	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	860	14	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-316	860	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	860	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	861	1	making	make	VERB
epaa-316	861	2	a	a	DET
epaa-316	861	3	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	861	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	861	5	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	861	6	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	861	7	through	through	ADP
epaa-316	861	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	861	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	861	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	862	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	862	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	862	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	862	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	862	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	862	6	36(3	36(3	NOUN
epaa-316	862	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	862	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	862	9	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	862	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	862	11	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	862	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	863	1	feistritzer	feistritzer	NOUN
epaa-316	863	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	863	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	863	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	863	5	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	863	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	863	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	864	1	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	864	2	overview	overview	NOUN
epaa-316	864	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	864	4	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	864	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	864	6	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	864	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	865	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	865	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	865	3	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	865	4	society	society	NOUN
epaa-316	865	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	865	6	26(1	26(1	NUM
epaa-316	865	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	865	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	865	9	18	18	NUM
epaa-316	865	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	865	11	28	28	NUM
epaa-316	865	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	865	13	feistritzer	feistritzer	NOUN
epaa-316	865	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	865	15	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	865	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	865	17	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	865	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	865	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	866	1	evolution	evolution	NOUN
epaa-316	866	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	866	3	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	866	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	866	5	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	866	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	867	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	867	2	forum	forum	PROPN
epaa-316	867	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	867	4	58	58	NUM
epaa-316	867	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	867	6	132	132	NUM
epaa-316	867	7	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	867	8	138	138	NUM
epaa-316	867	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	868	1	fenstermacher	fenstermacher	PROPN
epaa-316	868	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	868	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-316	868	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	868	5	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	868	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	868	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	869	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	869	2	place	place	NOUN
epaa-316	869	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	869	4	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	869	5	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	869	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	869	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	869	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	869	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	869	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	869	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	870	1	peabody	peabody	PROPN
epaa-316	870	2	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	870	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	870	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	870	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	870	6	67(3	67(3	NUM
epaa-316	870	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	870	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	870	9	155	155	NUM
epaa-316	870	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	870	11	185	185	NUM
epaa-316	870	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	871	1	ferguson	ferguson	PROPN
epaa-316	871	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	871	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	871	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-316	871	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	871	6	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	871	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	871	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	872	1	paying	pay	VERB
epaa-316	872	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	872	3	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	872	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	872	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	872	6	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	872	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	872	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	872	9	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-316	872	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	872	11	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-316	872	12	money	money	NOUN
epaa-316	872	13	matters	matter	VERB
epaa-316	872	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	873	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
epaa-316	873	2	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	873	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	873	4	legislation	legislation	NOUN
epaa-316	873	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	873	6	28(2	28(2	NUM
epaa-316	873	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	873	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	873	9	465	465	NUM
epaa-316	873	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	873	11	498	498	NUM
epaa-316	873	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	874	1	ferguson	ferguson	PROPN
epaa-316	874	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	874	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	874	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-316	874	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	874	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	874	7	womack	womack	PROPN
epaa-316	874	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	874	9	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	874	10	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-316	874	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	874	12	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	874	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	874	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	875	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	875	2	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-316	875	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	875	4	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	875	5	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	875	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	875	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	875	8	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-316	875	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	875	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	875	11	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	875	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	876	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	876	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	876	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	876	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	876	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	876	6	44(1	44(1	PROPN
epaa-316	876	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	876	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	876	9	55	55	NUM
epaa-316	876	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	876	11	63	63	NUM
epaa-316	876	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	877	1	fetler	fetler	NOUN
epaa-316	877	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	877	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	877	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	877	5	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	877	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	877	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	878	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	878	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	878	3	staff	staff	NOUN
epaa-316	878	4	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	878	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	878	6	mathematics	mathematics	NOUN
epaa-316	878	7	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	878	8	results	result	NOUN
epaa-316	878	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	879	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	879	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	879	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	879	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-316	879	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	879	6	7(9	7(9	NUM
epaa-316	879	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	879	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	880	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	880	2	january	january	PROPN
epaa-316	880	3	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	880	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	880	5	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v7n9.html	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v7n9.html	PROPN
epaa-316	880	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	881	1	finn	finn	PROPN
epaa-316	881	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	881	3	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	881	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	881	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	881	6	kanstroom	kanstroom	PROPN
epaa-316	881	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	881	8	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	881	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	881	10	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	881	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	881	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	882	1	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-316	882	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	882	3	empowering	empowering	ADJ
epaa-316	882	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	882	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
epaa-316	882	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	883	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	883	2	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	883	3	interest	interest	NOUN
epaa-316	883	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	884	1	manhattan	manhattan	PROPN
epaa-316	884	2	institute	institute	PROPN
epaa-316	884	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	884	4	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-316	884	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	885	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	885	2	december	december	PROPN
epaa-316	885	3	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	885	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	885	5	http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/_pi-_improving.html	http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/_pi-_improving.html	PROPN
epaa-316	885	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	886	1	galambos	galambos	PROPN
epaa-316	886	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	886	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	886	4	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	886	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	886	6	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-316	886	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	886	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	887	1	testing	test	VERB
epaa-316	887	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	887	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	887	4	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	887	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	887	6	recertification	recertification	NOUN
epaa-316	887	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	888	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	888	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	888	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-316	888	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	888	5	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	888	6	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-316	888	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	888	8	excellence	excellence	PROPN
epaa-316	888	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	888	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	888	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	888	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	889	1	gitomer	gitomer	PROPN
epaa-316	889	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	889	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	889	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	889	5	latham	latham	PROPN
epaa-316	889	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	889	7	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-316	889	8	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	889	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	889	10	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	889	11	ziomek	ziomek	PROPN
epaa-316	889	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	889	13	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	889	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	889	15	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	889	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	889	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	890	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	890	2	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	890	3	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	890	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	890	5	prospective	prospective	ADJ
epaa-316	890	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	890	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	890	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	890	9	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-316	890	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	890	11	admissions	admission	NOUN
epaa-316	890	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	890	13	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-316	890	14	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-316	890	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	891	1	princeton	princeton	PROPN
epaa-316	891	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	891	3	nj	nj	PROPN
epaa-316	891	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	891	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	891	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	891	7	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-316	891	8	division	division	NOUN
epaa-316	891	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	891	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	891	11	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-316	891	12	service	service	NOUN
epaa-316	891	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	892	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	892	2	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	892	3	27	27	NUM
epaa-316	892	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	892	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	892	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	892	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	892	8	45	45	NUM
epaa-316	892	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	892	10	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	892	11	http://www.ets.org/teachingandlearning/rschnews.html#impact	http://www.ets.org/teachingandlearning/rschnews.html#impact	NOUN
epaa-316	892	12	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-316	892	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	892	14	g.v	g.v	PROPN
epaa-316	892	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	892	16	1978	1978	NUM
epaa-316	892	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	892	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	893	1	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	893	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	893	3	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-316	893	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	894	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	894	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	894	3	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	894	4	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-316	894	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	894	6	15(4	15(4	NUM
epaa-316	894	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	894	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	894	9	237	237	NUM
epaa-316	894	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	894	11	61	61	NUM
epaa-316	894	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	895	1	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-316	895	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	895	3	g.v	g.v	PROPN
epaa-316	895	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	895	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	895	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	895	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	896	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	896	2	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-316	896	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	897	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	897	2	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-316	897	3	molnar	molnar	PROPN
epaa-316	897	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	897	5	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-316	897	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	897	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	897	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	897	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	897	10	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-316	897	11	proposals	proposal	NOUN
epaa-316	897	12	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	897	13	the	the	DET
epaa-316	897	14	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	897	15	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	897	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	897	17	chapter	chapter	NOUN
epaa-316	897	18	8)	8)	NUM
epaa-316	897	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	897	20	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	897	21	march	march	PROPN
epaa-316	897	22	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	897	23	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	897	24	http://www.asu.edu/educ/epsl/reports/epru/epru2002-101/epru-2002-101.html	http://www.asu.edu/educ/epsl/reports/epru/epru2002-101/epru-2002-101.html	PROPN
epaa-316	897	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	898	1	go	go	VERB
epaa-316	898	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	898	3	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	898	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	898	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	898	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	898	7	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	898	8	31	31	NUM
epaa-316	898	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	898	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	899	1	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	899	2	out	out	ADP
epaa-316	899	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	899	4	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	899	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	899	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	899	7	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	899	8	lacks	lack	VERB
epaa-316	899	9	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	899	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	900	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	900	2	republic	republic	PROPN
epaa-316	900	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	901	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	901	2	august	august	PROPN
epaa-316	901	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	901	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	901	5	http://www.arizonarepublic.com/news/articles/0731emergency31.html	http://www.arizonarepublic.com/news/articles/0731emergency31.html	PROPN
epaa-316	901	6	goldhaber	goldhaber	PROPN
epaa-316	901	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	901	8	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	901	9	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	901	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	901	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	901	12	brewer	brewer	PROPN
epaa-316	901	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	901	14	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	901	15	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	901	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	901	17	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	901	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	901	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	902	1	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-316	902	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	902	3	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	902	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	902	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	902	6	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	902	7	level	level	NOUN
epaa-316	902	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	903	1	rockville	rockville	PROPN
epaa-316	903	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	903	3	md	md	PROPN
epaa-316	903	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	903	5	westat	westat	PROPN
epaa-316	903	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	903	7	inc	inc	PROPN
epaa-316	903	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	903	9	goldhaber	goldhaber	PROPN
epaa-316	903	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	903	11	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	903	12	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	903	13	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	903	14	brewer	brewer	PROPN
epaa-316	903	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	903	16	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	903	17	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	903	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	903	19	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	903	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	903	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	904	1	does	do	VERB
epaa-316	904	2	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	904	3	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	904	4	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	905	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-316	905	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	905	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	905	4	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	905	5	status	status	NOUN
epaa-316	905	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	905	7	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	905	8	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	905	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	906	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	906	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	906	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	906	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	906	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	906	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	906	7	22(2	22(2	NUM
epaa-316	906	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	906	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	906	10	129	129	NUM
epaa-316	906	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	906	12	145	145	NUM
epaa-316	906	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	907	1	greenwald	greenwald	PROPN
epaa-316	907	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	907	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	907	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	907	5	hedges	hedge	NOUN
epaa-316	907	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	907	7	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	907	8	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-316	907	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	907	10	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	907	11	laine	laine	PROPN
epaa-316	907	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	907	13	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	907	14	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	907	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	907	16	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	907	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	907	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	908	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	908	2	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	908	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	908	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	908	5	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-316	908	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	908	7	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	908	8	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	908	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	909	1	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	909	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	909	3	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	909	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	909	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	909	6	66	66	NUM
epaa-316	909	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	909	8	361	361	NUM
epaa-316	909	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	909	10	396	396	NUM
epaa-316	909	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	910	1	hanushek	hanushek	PROPN
epaa-316	910	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	910	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	910	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-316	910	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	910	6	kain	kain	PROPN
epaa-316	910	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	910	8	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	910	9	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-316	910	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	910	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	910	12	rivkin	rivkin	PROPN
epaa-316	910	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	910	14	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	910	15	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-316	910	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	910	17	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	910	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	910	19	november	november	PROPN
epaa-316	910	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	910	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	911	1	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-316	911	2	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	911	3	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	911	4	lose	lose	VERB
epaa-316	911	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	911	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	911	7	working	work	VERB
epaa-316	911	8	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-316	911	9	8599	8599	NUM
epaa-316	911	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	911	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	912	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	912	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	912	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-316	912	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	912	5	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	912	6	bureau	bureau	PROPN
epaa-316	912	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	912	8	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-316	912	9	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	912	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	913	1	harcourt	harcourt	PROPN
epaa-316	913	2	brace	brace	PROPN
epaa-316	913	3	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	913	4	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-316	913	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	914	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	914	2	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-316	914	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	914	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	915	1	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-316	915	2	achievement	achievement	PROPN
epaa-316	915	3	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	915	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	915	5	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-316	915	6	edition	edition	NOUN
epaa-316	915	7	spring	spring	NOUN
epaa-316	915	8	norms	norm	NOUN
epaa-316	915	9	book	book	NOUN
epaa-316	915	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	916	1	san	san	PROPN
epaa-316	916	2	antonio	antonio	PROPN
epaa-316	916	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	916	4	tx	tx	PROPN
epaa-316	916	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	916	6	author	author	NOUN
epaa-316	916	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	917	1	harcourt	harcourt	PROPN
epaa-316	917	2	brace	brace	PROPN
epaa-316	917	3	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	917	4	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-316	917	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	918	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	918	2	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	918	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	918	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	919	1	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-316	919	2	achievement	achievement	PROPN
epaa-316	919	3	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	919	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	919	5	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-316	919	6	edition	edition	NOUN
epaa-316	919	7	administrator	administrator	NOUN
epaa-316	919	8	's	's	PART
epaa-316	919	9	interpretive	interpretive	ADJ
epaa-316	919	10	guide	guide	NOUN
epaa-316	919	11	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	919	12	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	919	13	student	student	PROPN
epaa-316	919	14	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	919	15	program	program	PROPN
epaa-316	919	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	920	1	san	san	PROPN
epaa-316	920	2	antonio	antonio	PROPN
epaa-316	920	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	920	4	tx	tx	PROPN
epaa-316	920	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	920	6	author	author	NOUN
epaa-316	920	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	921	1	hardy	hardy	ADJ
epaa-316	921	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	921	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	921	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	921	5	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	921	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	921	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	922	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	922	2	good	good	ADJ
epaa-316	922	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	922	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	922	5	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-316	922	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	922	7	find	find	VERB
epaa-316	922	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	923	1	american	american	PROPN
epaa-316	923	2	school	school	PROPN
epaa-316	923	3	board	board	PROPN
epaa-316	923	4	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	923	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	923	6	185(9	185(9	NUM
epaa-316	923	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	923	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	923	9	20	20	NUM
epaa-316	923	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	923	11	23	23	NUM
epaa-316	923	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	924	1	hawk	hawk	NOUN
epaa-316	924	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	924	3	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	924	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	924	5	coble	coble	PROPN
epaa-316	924	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	924	7	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	924	8	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	924	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	924	10	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	924	11	swanson	swanson	PROPN
epaa-316	924	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	924	13	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	924	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	924	15	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-316	924	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	924	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	925	1	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	925	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	925	3	it	it	PRON
epaa-316	925	4	does	do	VERB
epaa-316	925	5	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	925	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	926	1	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	926	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	926	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	926	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	926	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	926	6	36(3	36(3	NOUN
epaa-316	926	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	926	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	926	9	13	13	NUM
epaa-316	926	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	926	11	15	15	NUM
epaa-316	926	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	927	1	hawkins	hawkins	PROPN
epaa-316	927	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	927	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	927	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-316	927	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	927	6	stancavage	stancavage	NOUN
epaa-316	927	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	927	8	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-316	927	9	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	927	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	927	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	927	12	dorsey	dorsey	PROPN
epaa-316	927	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	927	14	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	927	15	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-316	927	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	927	17	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	927	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	927	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	928	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	928	2	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	928	3	affecting	affect	VERB
epaa-316	928	4	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-316	928	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	928	6	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	928	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	929	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	929	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	929	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-316	929	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	929	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	929	6	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	929	7	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	929	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	929	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	929	10	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	929	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	930	1	hawley	hawley	PROPN
epaa-316	930	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	930	3	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-316	930	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	930	5	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	930	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	930	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	931	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	931	2	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-316	931	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	931	4	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	931	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	931	6	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	931	7	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	931	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	931	9	implications	implication	NOUN
epaa-316	931	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	931	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	931	12	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-316	931	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	931	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	931	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	932	1	peabody	peabody	PROPN
epaa-316	932	2	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	932	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	932	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	932	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	932	6	67(3	67(3	NUM
epaa-316	932	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	932	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	932	9	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	932	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	932	11	34	34	NUM
epaa-316	932	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	933	1	haycock	haycock	PROPN
epaa-316	933	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	933	3	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	933	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	933	5	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	933	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	933	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	934	1	closing	close	VERB
epaa-316	934	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	934	3	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	934	4	gap	gap	NOUN
epaa-316	934	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	935	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	935	2	leadership	leadership	NOUN
epaa-316	935	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	935	4	58(6	58(6	NOUN
epaa-316	935	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	935	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	936	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	936	2	february	february	PROPN
epaa-316	936	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	936	4	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	936	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	936	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	936	7	http://www.ascd.org/readingroom/edlead/0103/haycock.html	http://www.ascd.org/readingroom/edlead/0103/haycock.html	PROPN
epaa-316	936	8	hernandez	hernandez	PROPN
epaa-316	936	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	936	10	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	936	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	936	12	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	936	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	936	14	december	december	PROPN
epaa-316	936	15	4	4	NUM
epaa-316	936	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	936	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	937	1	suit	suit	NOUN
epaa-316	937	2	says	say	VERB
epaa-316	937	3	minority	minority	NOUN
epaa-316	937	4	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	937	5	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-316	937	6	an	an	DET
epaa-316	937	7	inferior	inferior	ADJ
epaa-316	937	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	937	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	938	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	938	2	new	new	PROPN
epaa-316	938	3	york	york	PROPN
epaa-316	938	4	times	times	PROPN
epaa-316	938	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	939	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	939	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	939	3	may	may	PROPN
epaa-316	939	4	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	939	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	939	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	939	7	http://www.nytimes.com/	http://www.nytimes.com/	NOUN
epaa-316	939	8	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-316	939	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	939	10	reauthorization	reauthorization	NOUN
epaa-316	939	11	act	act	NOUN
epaa-316	939	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	940	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	940	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	940	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	940	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	941	1	pub	pub	NOUN
epaa-316	941	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	942	1	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	942	2	no	no	INTJ
epaa-316	942	3	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	943	1	105	105	NUM
epaa-316	943	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	943	3	244	244	NUM
epaa-316	943	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	943	5	20	20	NUM
epaa-316	943	6	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
epaa-316	943	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	944	1	§	§	PROPN
epaa-316	944	2	1021	1021	NUM
epaa-316	944	3	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	944	4	1030	1030	NUM
epaa-316	944	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	945	1	hirsh	hirsh	PROPN
epaa-316	945	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	945	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	945	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	945	5	koppich	koppich	PROPN
epaa-316	945	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	945	7	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	945	8	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	945	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	945	10	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	945	11	knapp	knapp	PROPN
epaa-316	945	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	945	13	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-316	945	14	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	945	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	945	16	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	945	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	945	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	946	1	revisiting	revisit	VERB
epaa-316	946	2	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	946	3	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	946	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	946	5	doing	do	VERB
epaa-316	946	6	to	to	PART
epaa-316	946	7	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-316	946	8	46	46	NUM
epaa-316	946	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	946	10	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	946	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	946	12	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	946	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	946	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	946	15	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	946	16	an	an	DET
epaa-316	946	17	update	update	NOUN
epaa-316	946	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	946	19	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-316	946	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	946	21	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-316	946	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	947	1	seattle	seattle	NOUN
epaa-316	947	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	947	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	947	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	947	5	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	947	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	947	7	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	947	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	947	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	947	10	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	947	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	947	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	947	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	947	14	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	947	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	948	1	holmes	holmes	PROPN
epaa-316	948	2	group	group	PROPN
epaa-316	948	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	949	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	949	2	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-316	949	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	949	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	950	1	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN
epaa-316	950	2	's	's	PART
epaa-316	950	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	950	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	950	5	a	a	DET
epaa-316	950	6	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	950	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	950	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	950	9	holmes	holmes	PROPN
epaa-316	950	10	group	group	NOUN
epaa-316	950	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	951	1	east	east	PROPN
epaa-316	951	2	lansing	lansing	PROPN
epaa-316	951	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	951	4	mi	mi	PROPN
epaa-316	951	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	951	6	author	author	NOUN
epaa-316	951	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	952	1	houston	houston	PROPN
epaa-316	952	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	952	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	952	4	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-316	952	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	952	6	marshall	marshall	PROPN
epaa-316	952	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	952	8	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-316	952	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	952	10	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	952	11	mcdavid	mcdavid	PROPN
epaa-316	952	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	952	13	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-316	952	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	952	15	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	952	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	952	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	953	1	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	953	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	953	3	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-316	953	4	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-316	953	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	953	6	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
epaa-316	953	7	certified	certify	VERB
epaa-316	953	8	first	first	ADJ
epaa-316	953	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	953	10	year	year	NOUN
epaa-316	953	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	953	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	954	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	954	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	954	3	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	954	4	society	society	NOUN
epaa-316	954	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	954	6	26(1	26(1	NUM
epaa-316	954	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	954	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	954	9	78	78	NUM
epaa-316	954	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	954	11	89	89	NUM
epaa-316	954	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	955	1	howey	howey	PROPN
epaa-316	955	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	955	3	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	955	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	955	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	955	6	zimpher	zimpher	PROPN
epaa-316	955	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	955	8	n.	n.	PROPN
epaa-316	955	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	955	10	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	955	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	955	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	956	1	nontraditional	nontraditional	ADJ
epaa-316	956	2	contexts	context	NOUN
epaa-316	956	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	956	4	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-316	956	5	to	to	PART
epaa-316	956	6	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	956	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	957	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	957	2	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	957	3	forum	forum	PROPN
epaa-316	957	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	957	5	58	58	NUM
epaa-316	957	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	957	7	156	156	NUM
epaa-316	957	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	957	9	161	161	NUM
epaa-316	957	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	958	1	hundreds	hundred	NOUN
epaa-316	958	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	958	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	958	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	958	5	city	city	NOUN
epaa-316	958	6	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-316	958	7	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
epaa-316	958	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	959	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	959	2	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	959	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	959	4	january	january	PROPN
epaa-316	959	5	31	31	NUM
epaa-316	959	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	959	7	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
epaa-316	959	8	inquirer	inquirer	NOUN
epaa-316	959	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	960	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	960	2	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	960	3	26	26	NUM
epaa-316	960	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	960	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	960	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	960	7	http://www.edpolicy.org/rgn.iss/2002/ne/week5.htm#article2	http://www.edpolicy.org/rgn.iss/2002/ne/week5.htm#article2	PROPN
epaa-316	960	8	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	960	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	960	10	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	960	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	960	12	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	960	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	960	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	961	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	961	2	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	961	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	961	4	inequality	inequality	NOUN
epaa-316	961	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	962	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-316	962	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-316	962	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	962	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	962	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-316	962	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-316	962	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	962	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	962	9	american	american	PROPN
epaa-316	962	10	statistical	statistical	PROPN
epaa-316	962	11	association	association	PROPN
epaa-316	962	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	962	13	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-316	962	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	962	15	il	il	PROPN
epaa-316	962	16	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	962	17	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	962	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	962	19	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	962	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	962	21	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-316	962	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	962	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	963	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	963	2	turnover	turnover	NOUN
epaa-316	963	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	963	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	963	5	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	963	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	963	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	963	8	recurring	recur	VERB
epaa-316	963	9	myth	myth	NOUN
epaa-316	963	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	963	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	963	12	shortages	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	963	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	964	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	964	2	college	college	PROPN
epaa-316	964	3	record	record	NOUN
epaa-316	964	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	964	5	91(1	91(1	NUM
epaa-316	964	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	964	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	964	8	41	41	NUM
epaa-316	964	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	964	10	44	44	NUM
epaa-316	964	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	965	1	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	965	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	965	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	965	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	965	5	1999a	1999a	NUM
epaa-316	965	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	965	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	966	1	invited	invite	VERB
epaa-316	966	2	commentary	commentary	NOUN
epaa-316	966	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	966	4	understanding	understand	VERB
epaa-316	966	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	966	6	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	966	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	966	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	966	9	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	966	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	966	11	american	american	ADJ
epaa-316	966	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	966	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	967	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	967	2	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	967	3	quarterly	quarterly	ADV
epaa-316	967	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	967	5	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	967	6	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	967	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	967	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	967	9	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	967	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	968	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	968	2	october	october	PROPN
epaa-316	968	3	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	968	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	968	5	http://www.nces.ed.gov/pubs99/quarterlyapr/2-feature/2-esq11-c.html	http://www.nces.ed.gov/pubs99/quarterlyapr/2-feature/2-esq11-c.html	PROPN
epaa-316	968	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	969	1	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	969	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	969	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	969	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	969	5	1999b	1999b	NUM
epaa-316	969	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	969	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	970	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	970	2	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-316	970	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	970	4	under	under	ADP
epaa-316	970	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	970	6	qualified	qualified	ADJ
epaa-316	970	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	970	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	970	9	american	american	ADJ
epaa-316	970	10	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-316	970	11	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	970	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	971	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	971	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-316	971	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	971	4	28(2	28(2	NUM
epaa-316	971	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	971	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	971	7	26	26	NUM
epaa-316	971	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	971	9	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	971	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	972	1	ingersoll	ingersoll	PROPN
epaa-316	972	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	972	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	972	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	972	5	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	972	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	972	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	973	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	973	2	turnover	turnover	NOUN
epaa-316	973	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	973	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	973	5	shortages	shortage	NOUN
epaa-316	973	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	973	7	an	an	DET
epaa-316	973	8	organizational	organizational	ADJ
epaa-316	973	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	973	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	974	1	american	american	ADJ
epaa-316	974	2	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	974	3	research	research	PROPN
epaa-316	974	4	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	974	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	974	6	38	38	NUM
epaa-316	974	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	974	8	3	3	NUM
epaa-316	974	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	974	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	974	11	499	499	NUM
epaa-316	974	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	974	13	534	534	NUM
epaa-316	974	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	975	1	jaeger	jaeger	NOUN
epaa-316	975	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	975	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	975	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	975	5	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-316	975	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	975	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	976	1	establishing	establish	VERB
epaa-316	976	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	976	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	976	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	976	5	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	976	6	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	976	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	977	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	977	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-316	977	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	977	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	977	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	977	6	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	977	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	977	8	9(4	9(4	NUM
epaa-316	977	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	977	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	977	11	15	15	NUM
epaa-316	977	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	977	13	20	20	NUM
epaa-316	977	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	978	1	jelmberg	jelmberg	PROPN
epaa-316	978	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	978	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	978	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	978	5	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	978	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	978	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	979	1	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	979	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	979	3	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	979	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	979	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	979	6	versus	versus	ADP
epaa-316	979	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	979	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	979	9	sponsored	sponsor	VERB
epaa-316	979	10	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	979	11	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	979	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	980	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	980	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	980	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	980	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	980	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	980	6	47(1	47(1	NUM
epaa-316	980	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	980	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	980	9	60	60	NUM
epaa-316	980	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	980	11	66	66	NUM
epaa-316	980	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	981	1	kain	kain	PROPN
epaa-316	981	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	981	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	981	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-316	981	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	981	6	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	981	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	981	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	982	1	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-316	982	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	982	3	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-316	982	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	982	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	982	6	peers	peer	NOUN
epaa-316	982	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	982	8	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-316	982	9	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	982	10	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	982	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	983	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-316	983	2	prepared	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	983	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	983	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	983	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-316	983	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-316	983	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	983	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	983	9	association	association	NOUN
epaa-316	983	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	983	11	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	983	12	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	983	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	983	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	983	15	management	management	NOUN
epaa-316	983	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	983	17	new	new	PROPN
epaa-316	983	18	york	york	PROPN
epaa-316	983	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	983	20	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-316	983	21	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	983	22	kanstroom	kanstroom	PROPN
epaa-316	983	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	983	24	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	983	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	983	26	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	983	27	finn	finn	PROPN
epaa-316	983	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	983	29	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	983	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	983	31	eds.)(1999	eds.)(1999	PROPN
epaa-316	983	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	983	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	984	1	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	984	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	984	3	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	984	4	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	984	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	985	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	985	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	985	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-316	985	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	985	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	985	6	leaders	leader	NOUN
epaa-316	985	7	council	council	PROPN
epaa-316	985	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	985	9	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-316	985	10	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	985	11	fordham	fordham	PROPN
epaa-316	985	12	foundation	foundation	PROPN
epaa-316	985	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	986	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	986	2	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	986	3	26	26	NUM
epaa-316	986	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	986	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	986	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	986	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	986	8	http://www.edexcellence.net/better/tchrs/btbs.htm	http://www.edexcellence.net/better/tchrs/btbs.htm	PROPN
epaa-316	986	9	kearns	kearn	NOUN
epaa-316	986	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	986	11	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	986	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	986	13	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-316	986	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	986	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	987	1	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	987	2	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	987	3	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-316	987	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	987	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	987	6	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	987	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	988	1	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	988	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	988	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	988	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	988	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	988	6	35(2	35(2	NUM
epaa-316	988	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	988	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	988	9	58	58	NUM
epaa-316	988	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	988	11	61	61	NUM
epaa-316	988	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	989	1	keltner	keltner	PROPN
epaa-316	989	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	989	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	989	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	989	5	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	989	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	989	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	990	1	troops	troop	NOUN
epaa-316	990	2	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	990	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	990	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	990	5	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	990	6	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	990	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	990	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	990	9	military	military	NOUN
epaa-316	990	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	991	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	991	2	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	991	3	forum	forum	PROPN
epaa-316	991	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	991	5	58	58	NUM
epaa-316	991	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	991	7	182	182	NUM
epaa-316	991	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	991	9	186	186	NUM
epaa-316	991	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	992	1	47	47	NUM
epaa-316	992	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	992	3	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	992	4	kennedy	kennedy	PROPN
epaa-316	992	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	992	6	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	992	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	992	8	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	992	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	992	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	993	1	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	993	2	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	993	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	993	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	993	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	993	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	994	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-316	994	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-316	994	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-316	994	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	994	5	72(9	72(9	NUM
epaa-316	994	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	994	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	994	8	659	659	NUM
epaa-316	994	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	994	10	665	665	NUM
epaa-316	994	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	995	1	kopp	kopp	PROPN
epaa-316	995	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	995	3	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-316	995	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	995	5	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	995	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	995	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	996	1	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	996	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	996	3	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	996	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	996	5	moving	move	VERB
epaa-316	996	6	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-316	996	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	996	8	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-316	996	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	997	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	997	2	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	997	3	forum	forum	PROPN
epaa-316	997	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	997	5	58	58	NUM
epaa-316	997	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	997	7	187	187	NUM
epaa-316	997	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	997	9	192	192	NUM
epaa-316	997	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	998	1	kwiatkowski	kwiatkowski	PROPN
epaa-316	998	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	998	3	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-316	998	4	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	998	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	998	6	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	998	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	998	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	999	1	debating	debate	VERB
epaa-316	999	2	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	999	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	999	4	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	999	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	999	6	a	a	DET
epaa-316	999	7	trial	trial	NOUN
epaa-316	999	8	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	999	9	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	999	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1000	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1000	2	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	1000	3	kanstroom	kanstroom	PROPN
epaa-316	1000	4	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1000	5	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	1000	6	finn	finn	PROPN
epaa-316	1000	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1000	8	eds.)(1999	eds.)(1999	PROPN
epaa-316	1000	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1000	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1001	1	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	1001	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1001	3	better	well	ADJ
epaa-316	1001	4	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1001	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1001	6	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-316	1001	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1002	1	215	215	NUM
epaa-316	1002	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1002	3	237	237	NUM
epaa-316	1002	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1002	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1003	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	1003	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1003	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-316	1003	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1003	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1003	6	leaders	leader	NOUN
epaa-316	1003	7	council	council	PROPN
epaa-316	1003	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1003	9	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-316	1003	10	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	1003	11	fordham	fordham	PROPN
epaa-316	1003	12	foundation	foundation	PROPN
epaa-316	1003	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1004	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1004	2	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	1004	3	26	26	NUM
epaa-316	1004	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1004	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1004	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1004	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1004	8	http://www.edexcellence.net/better/tchrs/btbs.htm	http://www.edexcellence.net/better/tchrs/btbs.htm	PROPN
epaa-316	1004	9	labaree	labaree	NOUN
epaa-316	1004	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1004	11	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	1004	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1004	13	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	1004	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1004	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1005	1	power	power	NOUN
epaa-316	1005	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1005	3	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	1005	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1005	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1005	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1005	7	rationalization	rationalization	NOUN
epaa-316	1005	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1005	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	1005	10	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1005	11	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1005	12	genealogy	genealogy	NOUN
epaa-316	1005	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1005	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1005	15	movement	movement	NOUN
epaa-316	1005	16	to	to	PART
epaa-316	1005	17	professionalize	professionalize	VERB
epaa-316	1005	18	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	1005	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1006	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
epaa-316	1006	2	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	1006	3	review	review	PROPN
epaa-316	1006	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1006	5	62(2	62(2	NUM
epaa-316	1006	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1006	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1006	8	123	123	NUM
epaa-316	1006	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1006	10	154	154	NUM
epaa-316	1006	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1007	1	lankford	lankford	PROPN
epaa-316	1007	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1007	3	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-316	1007	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1007	5	loeb	loeb	PROPN
epaa-316	1007	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1007	7	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	1007	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1007	9	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1007	10	wycoff	wycoff	PROPN
epaa-316	1007	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1007	12	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1007	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1007	14	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1007	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1007	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1008	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1008	2	sorting	sort	VERB
epaa-316	1008	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1008	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1008	5	plight	plight	NOUN
epaa-316	1008	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1008	7	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	1008	8	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1008	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1008	10	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1008	11	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
epaa-316	1008	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	1008	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1009	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1009	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	1009	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1009	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	1009	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	1009	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1009	7	24(1	24(1	NUM
epaa-316	1009	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1009	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1009	10	37	37	NUM
epaa-316	1009	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1009	12	62	62	NUM
epaa-316	1009	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1010	1	lopez	lopez	NOUN
epaa-316	1010	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1010	3	o.	o.	PROPN
epaa-316	1010	4	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	1010	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1010	6	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-316	1010	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1010	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1011	1	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	1011	2	diversification	diversification	NOUN
epaa-316	1011	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1011	4	an	an	DET
epaa-316	1011	5	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	1011	6	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
epaa-316	1011	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1011	8	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1011	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1011	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1011	11	productivity	productivity	NOUN
epaa-316	1011	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1012	1	unpublished	unpublished	ADJ
epaa-316	1012	2	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
epaa-316	1012	3	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
epaa-316	1012	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1012	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1012	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1012	7	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-316	1012	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1012	9	austin	austin	PROPN
epaa-316	1012	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1012	11	mathews	mathews	PROPN
epaa-316	1012	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1012	13	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1012	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1012	15	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1012	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1012	17	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	1012	18	18	18	NUM
epaa-316	1012	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1012	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1013	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1013	2	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	1013	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1013	4	too	too	ADV
epaa-316	1013	5	much	much	ADJ
epaa-316	1013	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	1013	7	not	not	PART
epaa-316	1013	8	enough	enough	ADJ
epaa-316	1013	9	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	1014	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	1014	2	post	post	PROPN
epaa-316	1014	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1014	4	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1014	5	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	1014	6	20	20	NUM
epaa-316	1014	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1014	8	http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/a41591-2002jul18.html	http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/a41591-2002jul18.html	NUM
epaa-316	1014	9	macdonald	macdonald	PROPN
epaa-316	1014	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1014	11	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1014	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1014	13	manning	manning	NOUN
epaa-316	1014	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1014	15	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	1014	16	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	1014	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1014	18	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1014	19	gable	gable	PROPN
epaa-316	1014	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1014	21	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1014	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1014	23	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	1014	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1014	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1015	1	an	an	DET
epaa-316	1015	2	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	1015	3	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	1015	4	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	1015	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1015	6	career	career	NOUN
epaa-316	1015	7	transition	transition	NOUN
epaa-316	1015	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1016	1	action	action	NOUN
epaa-316	1016	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1016	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1016	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1016	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1016	6	16(2	16(2	NUM
epaa-316	1016	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1016	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1016	9	19	19	NUM
epaa-316	1016	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1016	11	27	27	NUM
epaa-316	1016	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1017	1	mcdiarmid	mcdiarmid	PROPN
epaa-316	1017	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1017	3	g.w	g.w	PROPN
epaa-316	1017	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1017	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1017	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1017	7	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-316	1017	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1017	9	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	1017	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1017	11	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	1017	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1017	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1018	1	an	an	DET
epaa-316	1018	2	exploration	exploration	NOUN
epaa-316	1018	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1018	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1018	5	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	1018	6	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-316	1018	7	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-316	1018	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1018	9	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	1018	10	route	route	NOUN
epaa-316	1018	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1018	12	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1018	13	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	1018	14	we	we	PRON
epaa-316	1018	15	assume	assume	VERB
epaa-316	1018	16	they	they	PRON
epaa-316	1018	17	know	know	VERB
epaa-316	1018	18	their	their	PRON
epaa-316	1018	19	subject	subject	NOUN
epaa-316	1018	20	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	1019	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	1019	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1019	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1019	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1019	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1019	6	42(2	42(2	NOUN
epaa-316	1019	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1019	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1019	9	93	93	NUM
epaa-316	1019	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1019	11	103	103	NUM
epaa-316	1019	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1020	1	mckibbin	mckibbin	NOUN
epaa-316	1020	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1020	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	1020	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1020	5	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-316	1020	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1020	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1021	1	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	1021	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1021	3	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	1021	4	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-316	1021	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1022	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1022	2	leadership	leadership	NOUN
epaa-316	1022	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1022	4	46(3	46(3	NOUN
epaa-316	1022	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1022	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1022	7	32	32	NUM
epaa-316	1022	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1022	9	35	35	NUM
epaa-316	1022	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1023	1	mckibbin	mckibbin	NOUN
epaa-316	1023	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1023	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	1023	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1023	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1023	6	ray	ray	PROPN
epaa-316	1023	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1023	8	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	1023	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1023	10	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	1023	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1023	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1024	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1024	2	guide	guide	NOUN
epaa-316	1024	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1024	4	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	1024	5	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	1024	6	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	1024	7	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-316	1024	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1025	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1025	2	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	1025	3	forum	forum	PROPN
epaa-316	1025	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1025	5	58	58	NUM
epaa-316	1025	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1025	7	201	201	NUM
epaa-316	1025	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1025	9	208	208	NUM
epaa-316	1025	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1026	1	miles	miles	PROPN
epaa-316	1026	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1026	3	nixon	nixon	PROPN
epaa-316	1026	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1026	5	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	1026	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1026	7	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1026	8	holloway	holloway	PROPN
epaa-316	1026	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1026	10	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-316	1026	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1026	12	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-316	1026	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1026	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1027	1	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	1027	2	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	1027	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1027	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1027	5	good	good	NOUN
epaa-316	1027	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1027	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1027	8	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-316	1027	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1027	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1027	11	ugly	ugly	ADJ
epaa-316	1027	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1028	1	delta	delta	PROPN
epaa-316	1028	2	kappa	kappa	PROPN
epaa-316	1028	3	gamma	gamma	PROPN
epaa-316	1028	4	bulletin	bulletin	PROPN
epaa-316	1028	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1028	6	63(4	63(4	NOUN
epaa-316	1028	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1028	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1028	9	40	40	NUM
epaa-316	1028	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1028	11	47	47	NUM
epaa-316	1028	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1029	1	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-316	1029	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1029	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1029	4	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-316	1029	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1029	6	mckenna	mckenna	PROPN
epaa-316	1029	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1029	8	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-316	1029	9	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	1029	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1029	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1029	12	mckenna	mckenna	PROPN
epaa-316	1029	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1029	14	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	1029	15	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-316	1029	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1029	17	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-316	1029	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1029	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1030	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1030	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
epaa-316	1030	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1030	4	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
epaa-316	1030	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1030	6	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-316	1030	7	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-316	1030	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1030	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1031	1	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	1031	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1031	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1031	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1031	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1031	6	49(3	49(3	PROPN
epaa-316	1031	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1031	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1031	9	165	165	NUM
epaa-316	1031	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1031	11	176	176	NUM
epaa-316	1031	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1032	1	monk	monk	PROPN
epaa-316	1032	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1032	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	1032	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1032	5	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	1032	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1032	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1033	1	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-316	1033	2	area	area	NOUN
epaa-316	1033	3	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	1033	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1033	5	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-316	1033	6	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	1033	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1033	8	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	1033	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1033	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1033	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	1033	12	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	1033	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1034	1	economics	economic	NOUN
epaa-316	1034	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1034	3	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1034	4	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	1034	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1034	6	12(2	12(2	NUM
epaa-316	1034	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1034	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1034	9	125	125	NUM
epaa-316	1034	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1034	11	142	142	NUM
epaa-316	1034	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1035	1	monk	monk	PROPN
epaa-316	1035	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1035	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	1035	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1035	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1035	6	king	king	PROPN
epaa-316	1035	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1035	8	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1035	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1035	10	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	1035	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1035	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1036	1	multi	multi	ADJ
epaa-316	1036	2	-	-	ADJ
epaa-316	1036	3	level	level	ADJ
epaa-316	1036	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1036	5	resource	resource	NOUN
epaa-316	1036	6	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	1036	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1036	8	pupil	pupil	ADJ
epaa-316	1036	9	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	1036	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1036	11	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-316	1036	12	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-316	1036	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1036	14	science	science	NOUN
epaa-316	1036	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1037	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1037	2	r.g	r.g	PROPN
epaa-316	1037	3	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1037	4	eherenberg	eherenberg	PROPN
epaa-316	1037	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1037	6	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-316	1037	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1037	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1037	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1037	10	choices	choice	NOUN
epaa-316	1037	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1037	12	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-316	1037	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1037	14	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-316	1037	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1037	16	29	29	NUM
epaa-316	1037	17	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1037	18	58	58	NUM
epaa-316	1037	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1037	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1038	1	ithaca	ithaca	PROPN
epaa-316	1038	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1038	3	ny	ny	PROPN
epaa-316	1038	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1038	5	ilr	ilr	PROPN
epaa-316	1038	6	press	press	PROPN
epaa-316	1038	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1039	1	murnane	murnane	PROPN
epaa-316	1039	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1039	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1039	4	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1039	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1039	6	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-316	1039	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1039	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1040	1	understanding	understand	VERB
epaa-316	1040	2	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1040	3	sources	source	NOUN
epaa-316	1040	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1040	5	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	1040	6	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-316	1040	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1040	8	choices	choice	NOUN
epaa-316	1040	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1040	10	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	1040	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1040	12	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1040	13	limits	limit	NOUN
epaa-316	1040	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1040	15	training	training	NOUN
epaa-316	1040	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1041	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1041	2	college	college	PROPN
epaa-316	1041	3	record	record	NOUN
epaa-316	1041	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1041	5	83(3	83(3	NUM
epaa-316	1041	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1041	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1041	8	564	564	NUM
epaa-316	1041	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1041	10	569	569	NUM
epaa-316	1041	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1042	1	48	48	NUM
epaa-316	1042	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1042	3	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	1042	4	murnane	murnane	NOUN
epaa-316	1042	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1042	6	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1042	7	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1042	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1042	9	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	1042	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1042	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1043	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1043	2	case	case	NOUN
epaa-316	1043	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1043	4	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	1043	5	based	base	VERB
epaa-316	1043	6	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-316	1043	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1044	1	phi	phi	PROPN
epaa-316	1044	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-316	1044	3	kappan	kappan	NOUN
epaa-316	1044	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1044	5	73(2	73(2	NUM
epaa-316	1044	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1044	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1044	8	137	137	NUM
epaa-316	1044	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1044	10	142	142	NUM
epaa-316	1044	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1045	1	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1045	3	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	4	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1045	6	robinson	robinson	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1045	8	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	9	z.	z.	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1045	11	plake	plake	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1045	13	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	14	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1045	16	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1045	17	knowles	knowles	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	18	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	19	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1045	21	eds	eds	PROPN
epaa-316	1045	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1045	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1046	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1046	2	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	1046	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1046	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1047	1	testing	test	VERB
epaa-316	1047	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1047	3	candidates	candidate	NOUN
epaa-316	1047	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1047	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1047	6	role	role	NOUN
epaa-316	1047	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1047	8	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-316	1047	9	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	1047	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1047	11	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-316	1047	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1047	13	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	1047	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1048	1	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	1048	2	research	research	PROPN
epaa-316	1048	3	council	council	PROPN
epaa-316	1048	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1048	5	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	1048	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1048	7	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-316	1048	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1048	9	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	1048	10	academy	academy	PROPN
epaa-316	1048	11	press	press	PROPN
epaa-316	1048	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1049	1	natriello	natriello	PROPN
epaa-316	1049	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1049	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-316	1049	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1049	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1049	6	zumwalt	zumwalt	PROPN
epaa-316	1049	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1049	8	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	1049	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1049	10	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	1049	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1049	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1050	1	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	1050	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1050	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1050	4	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	1050	5	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1050	6	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	1051	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1051	2	contribution	contribution	NOUN
epaa-316	1051	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1051	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1051	5	provisional	provisional	ADJ
epaa-316	1051	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1051	7	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	1051	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1051	9	new	new	PROPN
epaa-316	1051	10	jersey	jersey	PROPN
epaa-316	1051	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1052	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1052	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1052	3	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	1052	4	society	society	NOUN
epaa-316	1052	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1052	6	26(1	26(1	NUM
epaa-316	1052	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1052	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1052	9	49	49	NUM
epaa-316	1052	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1052	11	62	62	NUM
epaa-316	1052	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1053	1	no	no	DET
epaa-316	1053	2	child	child	NOUN
epaa-316	1053	3	left	leave	VERB
epaa-316	1053	4	behind	behind	ADV
epaa-316	1053	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1053	6	nclb	nclb	NOUN
epaa-316	1053	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1053	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1054	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1054	2	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	1054	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1054	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1055	1	conference	conference	NOUN
epaa-316	1055	2	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	1055	3	to	to	PART
epaa-316	1055	4	accompany	accompany	VERB
epaa-316	1055	5	h.r	h.r	PROPN
epaa-316	1055	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1055	7	rep	rep	PROPN
epaa-316	1055	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1055	9	no	no	PROPN
epaa-316	1055	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1056	1	107	107	NUM
epaa-316	1056	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1056	3	334	334	NUM
epaa-316	1056	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1056	5	107th	107th	ADJ
epaa-316	1056	6	cong	cong	NOUN
epaa-316	1056	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1056	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1056	9	1st	1st	ADJ
epaa-316	1056	10	sess	sess	NOUN
epaa-316	1056	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1057	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1057	2	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	1057	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1057	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1058	1	olson	olson	PROPN
epaa-316	1058	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1058	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	1058	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1058	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1058	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1058	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1059	1	finding	find	VERB
epaa-316	1059	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1059	3	keeping	keep	VERB
epaa-316	1059	4	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-316	1059	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1059	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1060	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1060	2	week	week	NOUN
epaa-316	1060	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1060	4	19(18	19(18	NUM
epaa-316	1060	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1060	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1060	7	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	1060	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1060	9	18	18	NUM
epaa-316	1060	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1061	1	pearce	pearce	PROPN
epaa-316	1061	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1061	3	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	1061	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1061	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1061	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1061	7	august	august	PROPN
epaa-316	1061	8	18	18	NUM
epaa-316	1061	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1061	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1062	1	substitutes	substitute	NOUN
epaa-316	1062	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	1062	3	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	1062	4	without	without	ADP
epaa-316	1062	5	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	1062	6	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-316	1062	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1063	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1063	2	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1063	3	republic	republic	PROPN
epaa-316	1063	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1063	5	pp	pp	PROPN
epaa-316	1063	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1064	1	b1	b1	PROPN
epaa-316	1064	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1064	3	b2	b2	NOUN
epaa-316	1064	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1065	1	peck	peck	PROPN
epaa-316	1065	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1065	3	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-316	1065	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1065	5	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-316	1065	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1065	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1066	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1066	2	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	1066	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1066	4	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	1066	5	status	status	NOUN
epaa-316	1066	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1066	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1066	8	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	1066	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1066	10	mathematics	mathematics	NOUN
epaa-316	1066	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1066	12	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1066	13	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1066	14	pilot	pilot	NOUN
epaa-316	1066	15	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	1066	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1067	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-316	1067	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-316	1067	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	1067	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1067	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-316	1067	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-316	1067	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1067	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1067	9	american	american	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	10	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	11	research	research	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	12	association	association	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1067	14	san	san	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	15	francisco	francisco	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1067	17	ca	ca	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	18	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	19	pratte	pratte	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1067	21	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	22	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1067	23	rury	rury	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1067	25	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	26	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	1067	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1067	28	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	1067	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1067	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1068	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1068	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1068	3	professionalism	professionalism	NOUN
epaa-316	1068	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1068	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1068	6	craft	craft	NOUN
epaa-316	1068	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1069	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1069	2	college	college	PROPN
epaa-316	1069	3	record	record	NOUN
epaa-316	1069	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1069	5	93(1	93(1	NUM
epaa-316	1069	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1069	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1069	8	59	59	NUM
epaa-316	1069	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1069	10	72	72	NUM
epaa-316	1069	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1070	1	pyburn	pyburn	NOUN
epaa-316	1070	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1070	3	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	1070	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1070	5	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-316	1070	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1070	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1071	1	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-316	1071	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-316	1071	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	1071	4	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-316	1071	5	examinations	examination	NOUN
epaa-316	1071	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1072	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1072	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-316	1072	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1072	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	1072	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1072	6	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	1072	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1072	8	9(4	9(4	NUM
epaa-316	1072	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1072	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1072	11	5	5	NUM
epaa-316	1072	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1072	13	6	6	NUM
epaa-316	1072	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1072	15	14	14	NUM
epaa-316	1072	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1073	1	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	1073	2	counts	count	NOUN
epaa-316	1073	3	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1073	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1073	5	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	1073	6	should	should	AUX
epaa-316	1073	7	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	1073	8	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	1074	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1074	2	states	state	NOUN
epaa-316	1074	3	decide	decide	VERB
epaa-316	1074	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1075	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1075	2	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1075	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1075	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1076	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1076	2	week	week	NOUN
epaa-316	1076	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1076	4	19(18	19(18	NUM
epaa-316	1076	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1076	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1077	1	quirk	quirk	NOUN
epaa-316	1077	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1077	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-316	1077	4	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1077	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1077	6	witten	witten	PROPN
epaa-316	1077	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1077	8	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	1077	9	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1077	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1077	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1077	12	weinberg	weinberg	PROPN
epaa-316	1077	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1077	14	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	1077	15	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-316	1077	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1077	17	1973	1973	NUM
epaa-316	1077	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1077	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1078	1	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	1078	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1078	3	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	1078	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1078	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1078	6	concurrent	concurrent	ADJ
epaa-316	1078	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1078	8	predictive	predictive	ADJ
epaa-316	1078	9	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-316	1078	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1078	11	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1078	12	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	1078	13	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1078	14	examinations	examination	NOUN
epaa-316	1078	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1079	1	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	1079	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1079	3	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1079	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1079	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1079	6	43(1	43(1	NOUN
epaa-316	1079	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1079	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1079	9	89	89	NUM
epaa-316	1079	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1079	11	113	113	NUM
epaa-316	1079	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1080	1	raymond	raymond	PROPN
epaa-316	1080	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1080	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	1080	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1080	5	fletcher	fletcher	PROPN
epaa-316	1080	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1080	7	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	1080	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1080	9	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1080	10	luque	luque	PROPN
epaa-316	1080	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1080	12	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1080	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1080	14	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	1080	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1080	16	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	1080	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1080	18	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	1080	19	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1080	20	an	an	DET
epaa-316	1080	21	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	1080	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1080	23	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1080	24	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-316	1080	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1080	26	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	1080	27	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-316	1080	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1080	29	houston	houston	PROPN
epaa-316	1080	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1080	31	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-316	1080	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1081	1	palo	palo	PROPN
epaa-316	1081	2	alto	alto	PROPN
epaa-316	1081	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1081	4	ca	ca	NOUN
epaa-316	1081	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1081	6	credo	credo	PROPN
epaa-316	1081	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1081	8	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1081	9	hoover	hoover	NOUN
epaa-316	1081	10	institution	institution	NOUN
epaa-316	1081	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1081	12	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-316	1081	13	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1081	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1082	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1082	2	september	september	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	3	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	1082	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1082	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1082	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1082	7	http://www.rochester.edu/credo	http://www.rochester.edu/credo	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	9	rivkin	rivkin	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1082	11	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	12	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1082	14	hanushek	hanushek	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1082	16	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	17	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1082	19	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1082	20	kain	kain	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1082	22	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	23	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-316	1082	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1082	25	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1082	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1082	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1083	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1083	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1083	3	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1083	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1083	5	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	1083	6	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	1083	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1084	1	working	work	VERB
epaa-316	1084	2	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-316	1084	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1085	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1085	2	march	march	PROPN
epaa-316	1085	3	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	1085	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1085	5	http://www.utdallas.edu/research/greenctr/papers	http://www.utdallas.edu/research/greenctr/paper	NOUN
epaa-316	1085	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1086	1	roth	roth	PROPN
epaa-316	1086	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1086	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1086	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1086	5	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-316	1086	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1086	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1087	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1087	2	university	university	NOUN
epaa-316	1087	3	ca	can	AUX
epaa-316	1087	4	n't	not	PART
epaa-316	1087	5	train	train	VERB
epaa-316	1087	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1087	7	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	1088	1	transformation	transformation	NOUN
epaa-316	1088	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1088	3	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1088	4	profession	profession	NOUN
epaa-316	1088	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1089	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	1089	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1089	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1089	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1089	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1089	6	45(4	45(4	NUM
epaa-316	1089	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1089	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1089	9	261	261	NUM
epaa-316	1089	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1089	11	268	268	NUM
epaa-316	1089	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1090	1	rowan	rowan	PROPN
epaa-316	1090	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1090	3	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	1090	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1090	5	correntti	correntti	PROPN
epaa-316	1090	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1090	7	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1090	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1090	9	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1090	10	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-316	1090	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1090	12	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1090	13	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1090	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1090	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1090	16	press	press	NOUN
epaa-316	1090	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1090	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1091	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-316	1091	2	large	large	ADJ
epaa-316	1091	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1091	4	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-316	1091	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1091	6	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-316	1091	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1091	8	tells	tell	VERB
epaa-316	1091	9	us	we	PRON
epaa-316	1091	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	1091	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1091	12	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	1091	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1091	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	1091	15	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	1091	16	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1091	17	insights	insight	NOUN
epaa-316	1091	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1091	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1091	20	prospects	prospect	NOUN
epaa-316	1091	21	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	1091	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1091	23	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-316	1091	24	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1091	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1092	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1092	2	college	college	PROPN
epaa-316	1092	3	record	record	NOUN
epaa-316	1092	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1093	1	sanders	sanders	PROPN
epaa-316	1093	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1093	3	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-316	1093	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	1093	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1093	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-316	1093	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1093	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1094	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1094	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1094	3	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	1094	4	context	context	NOUN
epaa-316	1094	5	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	1094	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1094	7	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	1094	8	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	1094	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1094	10	49	49	NUM
epaa-316	1094	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1094	12	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	1094	13	implications	implication	NOUN
epaa-316	1094	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1094	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1094	16	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	1094	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1095	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1095	2	march	march	PROPN
epaa-316	1095	3	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	1095	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1095	5	http://www.mdk12.org/practices/ensure/tva	http://www.mdk12.org/practices/ensure/tva	PROPN
epaa-316	1095	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1095	7	sanders	sanders	PROPN
epaa-316	1095	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1095	9	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-316	1095	10	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	1095	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1095	12	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1095	13	rivers	river	NOUN
epaa-316	1095	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1095	15	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1095	16	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	1095	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1095	18	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	1095	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1095	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1096	1	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
epaa-316	1096	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1096	3	residual	residual	ADJ
epaa-316	1096	4	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-316	1096	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1096	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1096	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1096	8	future	future	ADJ
epaa-316	1096	9	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	1096	10	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	1096	11	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	1096	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1097	1	knoxville	knoxville	PROPN
epaa-316	1097	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1097	3	tn	tn	PROPN
epaa-316	1097	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1097	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1097	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1097	7	tennessee	tennessee	PROPN
epaa-316	1097	8	value	value	NOUN
epaa-316	1097	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1097	10	added	add	VERB
epaa-316	1097	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1097	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1097	13	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	1097	14	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	1097	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1098	1	schaeffer	schaeffer	PROPN
epaa-316	1098	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1098	3	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	1098	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1098	5	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	1098	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1098	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1099	1	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-316	1099	2	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-316	1099	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1099	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1099	5	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-316	1099	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1100	1	fair	fair	ADJ
epaa-316	1100	2	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	1100	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1101	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1101	2	january	january	PROPN
epaa-316	1101	3	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1101	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1101	5	http://www.fairtest.org/empl/ttcomp.html	http://www.fairtest.org/empl/ttcomp.html	PROPN
epaa-316	1101	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1102	1	schorr	schorr	PROPN
epaa-316	1102	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1102	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1102	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1102	5	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	1102	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1102	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1103	1	class	class	NOUN
epaa-316	1103	2	action	action	NOUN
epaa-316	1103	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1104	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-316	1104	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-316	1104	3	kappan	kappan	NOUN
epaa-316	1104	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1104	5	7(4	7(4	NUM
epaa-316	1104	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1104	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1104	8	315	315	NUM
epaa-316	1104	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1104	10	318	318	NUM
epaa-316	1104	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1105	1	schalock	schalock	PROPN
epaa-316	1105	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1105	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	1105	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1105	5	1979	1979	NUM
epaa-316	1105	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1105	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1106	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1106	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1106	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1106	4	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-316	1106	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1107	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1107	2	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	1107	3	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	1107	4	berliner	berliner	PROPN
epaa-316	1107	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1107	6	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-316	1107	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1107	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1107	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1107	10	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	1107	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1107	12	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1107	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1107	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1107	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1107	16	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-316	1107	17	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1107	18	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	1107	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1107	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1108	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	1108	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1108	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-316	1108	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1108	5	american	american	PROPN
epaa-316	1108	6	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	1108	7	research	research	PROPN
epaa-316	1108	8	association	association	PROPN
epaa-316	1108	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1109	1	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-316	1109	2	needed	need	VERB
epaa-316	1109	3	to	to	PART
epaa-316	1109	4	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-316	1109	5	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
epaa-316	1109	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1109	7	tests	test	VERB
epaa-316	1109	8	among	among	ADP
epaa-316	1109	9	lowest	low	ADJ
epaa-316	1109	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1109	11	u.	u.	PROPN
epaa-316	1109	12	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	1109	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1109	14	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1109	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1109	16	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	1109	17	21	21	NUM
epaa-316	1109	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1109	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1110	1	minneapolis	minneapolis	PROPN
epaa-316	1110	2	star	star	PROPN
epaa-316	1110	3	tribune	tribune	PROPN
epaa-316	1110	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1111	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1111	2	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	1111	3	26	26	NUM
epaa-316	1111	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1111	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1111	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1111	7	http://www.startribune.com/stories/462/3090436.htm	http://www.startribune.com/stories/462/3090436.htm	PROPN
epaa-316	1111	8	shimberg	shimberg	PROPN
epaa-316	1111	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1111	10	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	1111	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1111	12	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-316	1111	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1111	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1112	1	social	social	ADJ
epaa-316	1112	2	considerations	consideration	NOUN
epaa-316	1112	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1112	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1112	5	validation	validation	NOUN
epaa-316	1112	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1112	7	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-316	1112	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1112	9	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-316	1112	10	exams	exam	NOUN
epaa-316	1112	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1113	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1113	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-316	1113	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1113	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	1113	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1113	6	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	1113	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1113	8	9(4	9(4	NUM
epaa-316	1113	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1113	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1113	11	11	11	NUM
epaa-316	1113	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1113	13	14	14	NUM
epaa-316	1113	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1114	1	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-316	1114	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1114	3	i.	i.	PROPN
epaa-316	1114	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	1114	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1114	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1114	7	hambleton	hambleton	PROPN
epaa-316	1114	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1114	9	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1114	10	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	1114	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1114	12	1990	1990	NUM
epaa-316	1114	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1114	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1115	1	content	content	NOUN
epaa-316	1115	2	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-316	1115	3	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-316	1115	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1115	5	licensing	licensing	NOUN
epaa-316	1115	6	examinations	examination	NOUN
epaa-316	1115	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1116	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1116	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-316	1116	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1116	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-316	1116	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1116	6	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	1116	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1116	8	9(4	9(4	NUM
epaa-316	1116	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1116	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1116	11	7	7	NUM
epaa-316	1116	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1116	13	10	10	NUM
epaa-316	1116	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1117	1	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-316	1117	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1117	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1117	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1117	5	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	1117	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1117	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1118	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1118	2	alternate	alternate	ADJ
epaa-316	1118	3	route	route	NOUN
epaa-316	1118	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1118	5	flaws	flaw	NOUN
epaa-316	1118	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1118	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1118	8	new	new	PROPN
epaa-316	1118	9	jersey	jersey	PROPN
epaa-316	1118	10	plan	plan	PROPN
epaa-316	1118	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1119	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1119	2	leadership	leadership	NOUN
epaa-316	1119	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1119	4	49	49	NUM
epaa-316	1119	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1119	6	32	32	NUM
epaa-316	1119	7	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1119	8	36	36	NUM
epaa-316	1119	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1120	1	soar	soar	PROPN
epaa-316	1120	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1120	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1120	4	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	1120	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1120	6	medley	medley	NOUN
epaa-316	1120	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1120	8	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	1120	9	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-316	1120	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1120	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1120	12	coker	coker	PROPN
epaa-316	1120	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1120	14	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-316	1120	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1120	16	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-316	1120	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1120	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1121	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1121	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-316	1121	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1121	4	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1121	5	critique	critique	NOUN
epaa-316	1121	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1121	7	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-316	1121	8	used	use	VERB
epaa-316	1121	9	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-316	1121	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1122	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-316	1122	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-316	1122	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-316	1122	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1122	5	64(4	64(4	NUM
epaa-316	1122	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1122	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1122	8	239	239	NUM
epaa-316	1122	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1122	10	246	246	NUM
epaa-316	1122	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1123	1	sowell	sowell	PROPN
epaa-316	1123	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1123	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-316	1123	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1123	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1123	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1123	7	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	1123	8	31	31	NUM
epaa-316	1123	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1123	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1124	1	unsettling	unsettle	VERB
epaa-316	1124	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1124	3	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	1124	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1125	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	1125	2	times	times	PROPN
epaa-316	1125	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1126	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1126	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1126	3	august	august	PROPN
epaa-316	1126	4	2	2	NUM
epaa-316	1126	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1126	6	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1126	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1126	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1126	9	http://www.washingtontimes.com/commentary/20020731-87081079.htm	http://www.washingtontimes.com/commentary/20020731-87081079.htm	PROPN
epaa-316	1126	10	stevens	stevens	PROPN
epaa-316	1126	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1126	12	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	1126	13	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1126	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1126	15	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1126	16	dial	dial	NOUN
epaa-316	1126	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1126	18	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-316	1126	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1126	20	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	1126	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1126	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1127	1	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1127	2	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
epaa-316	1127	3	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	1127	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1127	5	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
epaa-316	1127	6	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	1127	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1127	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1128	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1128	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1128	3	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	1128	4	society	society	NOUN
epaa-316	1128	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1128	6	26(1	26(1	NUM
epaa-316	1128	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1128	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1128	9	63	63	NUM
epaa-316	1128	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1128	11	77	77	NUM
epaa-316	1128	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1129	1	stoddart	stoddart	PROPN
epaa-316	1129	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1129	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-316	1129	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1129	5	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-316	1129	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1129	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1130	1	los	los	PROPN
epaa-316	1130	2	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-316	1130	3	unified	unify	VERB
epaa-316	1130	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1130	5	district	district	NOUN
epaa-316	1130	6	intern	intern	NOUN
epaa-316	1130	7	program	program	NOUN
epaa-316	1130	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1130	9	recruiting	recruit	VERB
epaa-316	1130	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1130	11	preparing	prepare	VERB
epaa-316	1130	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1130	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1130	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1130	15	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	1130	16	context	context	NOUN
epaa-316	1130	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1131	1	peabody	peabody	PROPN
epaa-316	1131	2	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	1131	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1131	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1131	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1131	6	26	26	NUM
epaa-316	1131	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1131	8	29	29	NUM
epaa-316	1131	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1131	10	48	48	NUM
epaa-316	1131	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1132	1	stoddart	stoddart	PROPN
epaa-316	1132	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1132	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-316	1132	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1132	5	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-316	1132	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1132	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1133	1	who	who	PRON
epaa-316	1133	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	1133	3	prepared	prepared	ADJ
epaa-316	1133	4	to	to	PART
epaa-316	1133	5	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-316	1133	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1133	7	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	1133	8	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1133	9	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	1134	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1134	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1134	3	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-316	1134	4	society	society	NOUN
epaa-316	1134	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1134	6	26(1	26(1	NUM
epaa-316	1134	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1134	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1134	9	29	29	NUM
epaa-316	1134	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1134	11	48	48	NUM
epaa-316	1134	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1135	1	strauss	strauss	PROPN
epaa-316	1135	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1135	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1135	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-316	1135	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1135	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1135	7	sawyer	sawyer	PROPN
epaa-316	1135	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1135	9	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	1135	10	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-316	1135	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1135	12	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-316	1135	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1135	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1136	1	some	some	DET
epaa-316	1136	2	new	new	ADJ
epaa-316	1136	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-316	1136	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1136	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1136	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1136	7	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	1136	8	competencies	competency	NOUN
epaa-316	1136	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1137	1	economics	economic	NOUN
epaa-316	1137	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1137	3	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	1137	4	review	review	NOUN
epaa-316	1137	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1137	6	5(1	5(1	NUM
epaa-316	1137	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1137	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1137	9	41	41	NUM
epaa-316	1137	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1137	11	48	48	NUM
epaa-316	1137	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1138	1	students	student	NOUN
epaa-316	1138	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1138	3	certified	certified	ADJ
epaa-316	1138	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1138	5	more	more	ADV
epaa-316	1138	6	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-316	1138	7	to	to	PART
epaa-316	1138	8	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-316	1138	9	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-316	1138	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-316	1138	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1138	12	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	1138	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1138	14	april	april	PROPN
epaa-316	1138	15	12	12	NUM
epaa-316	1138	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1138	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1139	1	abilene	abilene	PROPN
epaa-316	1139	2	reporter	reporter	PROPN
epaa-316	1139	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1140	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1140	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1140	3	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	1140	4	26	26	NUM
epaa-316	1140	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1140	6	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1140	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1140	8	http://www.texnews.com/1998/1999/texas/test0412.html	http://www.texnews.com/1998/1999/texas/test0412.html	ADJ
epaa-316	1140	9	summers	summer	NOUN
epaa-316	1140	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1140	11	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-316	1140	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1140	13	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1140	14	wolfe	wolfe	PROPN
epaa-316	1140	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1140	16	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	1140	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1140	18	1975	1975	NUM
epaa-316	1140	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1140	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1141	1	which	which	PRON
epaa-316	1141	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1141	3	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-316	1141	4	help	help	VERB
epaa-316	1141	5	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-316	1141	6	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-316	1142	1	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
epaa-316	1142	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1142	3	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-316	1142	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1142	5	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
epaa-316	1142	6	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	1142	7	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1142	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1143	1	business	business	NOUN
epaa-316	1143	2	review	review	PROPN
epaa-316	1143	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1144	1	federal	federal	PROPN
epaa-316	1144	2	bank	bank	PROPN
epaa-316	1144	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1144	4	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
epaa-316	1144	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1144	6	pa	pa	PROPN
epaa-316	1144	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1144	8	50	50	NUM
epaa-316	1144	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1144	10	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	1144	11	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-316	1144	12	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1144	13	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	1144	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1144	15	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	1144	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1144	17	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	1144	18	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	1144	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1144	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1144	21	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	1144	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1145	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1145	2	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	1145	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1145	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1146	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1146	2	finance	finance	NOUN
epaa-316	1146	3	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	1146	4	center	center	PROPN
epaa-316	1146	5	peer	peer	NOUN
epaa-316	1146	6	search	search	NOUN
epaa-316	1146	7	detail	detail	NOUN
epaa-316	1146	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1147	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	1147	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1147	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-316	1147	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1147	5	author	author	NOUN
epaa-316	1147	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1148	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1148	2	august	august	PROPN
epaa-316	1148	3	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-316	1148	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1148	5	http://www.nces.ed.gov/edfin/search/.	http://www.nces.ed.gov/edfin/search/.	PROPN
epaa-316	1148	6	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-316	1148	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1148	8	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	1148	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1148	10	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	1148	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1148	12	national	national	ADJ
epaa-316	1148	13	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	1148	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1148	15	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1148	16	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-316	1148	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1149	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1149	2	1999	1999	NUM
epaa-316	1149	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1149	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	2	lewis	lewis	PROPN
epaa-316	1150	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	1150	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	6	parsad	parsad	PROPN
epaa-316	1150	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	8	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	1150	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	10	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-316	1150	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	12	n.	n.	PROPN
epaa-316	1150	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	14	bartfai	bartfai	PROPN
epaa-316	1150	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	16	n.	n.	PROPN
epaa-316	1150	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	18	farris	farris	PROPN
epaa-316	1150	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	20	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	1150	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	22	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1150	23	smerdon	smerdon	PROPN
epaa-316	1150	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	25	b.	b.	NOUN
epaa-316	1150	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	27	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1150	28	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-316	1150	29	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1150	30	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1150	31	report	report	NOUN
epaa-316	1150	32	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1150	33	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1150	34	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	1150	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1150	36	public	public	ADJ
epaa-316	1150	37	school	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1150	38	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1150	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1151	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	1151	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1151	3	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-316	1151	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1151	5	author	author	NOUN
epaa-316	1151	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1152	1	wayne	wayne	PROPN
epaa-316	1152	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1152	3	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-316	1152	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1152	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1152	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1152	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1153	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1153	2	supply	supply	NOUN
epaa-316	1153	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1153	4	demand	demand	NOUN
epaa-316	1153	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1153	6	surprises	surprise	NOUN
epaa-316	1153	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1153	8	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-316	1153	9	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1153	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1154	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1154	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	1154	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	1154	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-316	1154	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1154	6	8(47	8(47	NUM
epaa-316	1154	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1154	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1155	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1155	2	december	december	PROPN
epaa-316	1155	3	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1155	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1155	5	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n47.html	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n47.html	PROPN
epaa-316	1155	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1155	7	wenglinsky	wenglinsky	PROPN
epaa-316	1155	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1155	9	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-316	1155	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1155	11	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1155	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1155	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1156	1	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-316	1156	2	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1156	3	matter	matter	VERB
epaa-316	1156	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1156	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1156	6	link	link	NOUN
epaa-316	1156	7	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	1156	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1156	9	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-316	1156	10	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	1156	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1156	12	student	student	NOUN
epaa-316	1156	13	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-316	1156	14	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-316	1156	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1157	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1157	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	1157	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	1157	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-316	1157	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1157	6	10(12	10(12	NUM
epaa-316	1157	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1157	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1158	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1158	2	march	march	PROPN
epaa-316	1158	3	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1158	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1158	5	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n12	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n12	PROPN
epaa-316	1158	6	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-316	1158	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1158	8	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-316	1158	9	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-316	1158	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1158	11	floden	floden	PROPN
epaa-316	1158	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1158	13	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1158	14	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	1158	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1158	16	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-316	1158	17	ferrini	ferrini	ADV
epaa-316	1158	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1158	19	mundy	mundy	NOUN
epaa-316	1158	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1158	21	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1158	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1158	23	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1158	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1158	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1159	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1159	2	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	1159	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1159	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1159	5	an	an	DET
epaa-316	1159	6	insider	insider	NOUN
epaa-316	1159	7	's	's	PART
epaa-316	1159	8	view	view	NOUN
epaa-316	1159	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1159	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1159	11	outside	outside	NOUN
epaa-316	1159	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1160	1	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-316	1160	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1160	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1160	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1160	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1160	6	53(3	53(3	NUM
epaa-316	1160	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1160	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1160	9	190	190	NUM
epaa-316	1160	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1160	11	204	204	NUM
epaa-316	1160	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1161	1	wise	wise	ADJ
epaa-316	1161	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1161	3	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-316	1161	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1161	5	1994a	1994a	NUM
epaa-316	1161	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1161	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1162	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1162	2	coming	come	VERB
epaa-316	1162	3	revolution	revolution	NOUN
epaa-316	1162	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1162	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1162	6	licensure	licensure	NOUN
epaa-316	1162	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1162	8	redefining	redefine	VERB
epaa-316	1162	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1162	10	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-316	1162	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1163	1	action	action	NOUN
epaa-316	1163	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1163	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1163	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1163	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1163	6	16(2	16(2	NUM
epaa-316	1163	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1163	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1163	9	1	1	NUM
epaa-316	1163	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1163	11	13	13	NUM
epaa-316	1163	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1164	1	wise	wise	ADJ
epaa-316	1164	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1164	3	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-316	1164	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1164	5	1994b	1994b	NUM
epaa-316	1164	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1164	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1165	1	choosing	choose	VERB
epaa-316	1165	2	between	between	ADP
epaa-316	1165	3	professionalism	professionalism	NOUN
epaa-316	1165	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1165	5	amateurism	amateurism	NOUN
epaa-316	1165	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1166	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1166	2	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1166	3	forum	forum	PROPN
epaa-316	1166	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1166	5	58	58	NUM
epaa-316	1166	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1166	7	139	139	NUM
epaa-316	1166	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1166	9	146	146	NUM
epaa-316	1166	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1167	1	wong	wong	PROPN
epaa-316	1167	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1167	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	1167	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1167	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1167	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1167	7	august	august	PROPN
epaa-316	1167	8	13	13	NUM
epaa-316	1167	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1167	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1168	1	poorest	poor	ADJ
epaa-316	1168	2	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1168	3	lack	lack	VERB
epaa-316	1168	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1168	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1168	6	computers	computer	NOUN
epaa-316	1168	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1169	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1169	2	new	new	PROPN
epaa-316	1169	3	york	york	PROPN
epaa-316	1169	4	times	times	PROPN
epaa-316	1169	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1170	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1170	2	august	august	PROPN
epaa-316	1170	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1170	4	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1170	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1170	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1170	7	http://www.nytimes.com/	http://www.nytimes.com/	PROPN
epaa-316	1170	8	wyatt	wyatt	PROPN
epaa-316	1170	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1170	10	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	1170	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1170	12	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1170	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1170	14	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	1170	15	14	14	NUM
epaa-316	1170	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1170	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1171	1	regents	regent	NOUN
epaa-316	1171	2	support	support	NOUN
epaa-316	1171	3	plan	plan	NOUN
epaa-316	1171	4	to	to	PART
epaa-316	1171	5	close	close	VERB
epaa-316	1171	6	some	some	DET
epaa-316	1171	7	roosevelt	roosevelt	NOUN
epaa-316	1171	8	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-316	1171	9	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-316	1171	10	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-316	1171	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-316	1171	12	not	not	PART
epaa-316	1171	13	met	meet	VERB
epaa-316	1171	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1172	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1172	2	new	new	PROPN
epaa-316	1172	3	york	york	PROPN
epaa-316	1172	4	times	times	PROPN
epaa-316	1172	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1173	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
epaa-316	1173	2	july	july	PROPN
epaa-316	1173	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1173	4	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-316	1173	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1173	6	http://www.nytimes.com/	http://www.nytimes.com/	PROPN
epaa-316	1173	7	zumwalt	zumwalt	PROPN
epaa-316	1173	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1173	9	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-316	1173	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1173	11	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-316	1173	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1173	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1174	1	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	1174	2	routes	route	NOUN
epaa-316	1174	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	1174	4	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-316	1174	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1174	6	three	three	NUM
epaa-316	1174	7	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-316	1174	8	approaches	approach	NOUN
epaa-316	1174	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1175	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1175	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1175	6	42(2	42(2	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1175	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1175	9	83	83	NUM
epaa-316	1175	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1175	11	92	92	NUM
epaa-316	1175	12	appendix	appendix	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1175	14	html	html	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1175	16	excell	excell	PROPN
epaa-316	1175	17	spreadsheet	spreadsheet	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	18	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	1175	19	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1175	20	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	21	ildiko	ildiko	VERB
epaa-316	1175	22	laczko	laczko	ADJ
epaa-316	1175	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1175	24	kerr	kerr	PROPN
epaa-316	1175	25	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1175	26	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	1175	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1175	28	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	1175	29	phoenix	phoenix	PROPN
epaa-316	1175	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1175	31	az	az	PROPN
epaa-316	1175	32	ildiko	ildiko	PROPN
epaa-316	1175	33	laczko	laczko	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	34	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1175	35	kerr	kerr	PROPN
epaa-316	1175	36	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	1175	37	an	an	DET
epaa-316	1175	38	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	39	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	40	associate	associate	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1175	42	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1175	43	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1175	45	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	46	unit	unit	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	47	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	1175	48	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1175	49	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1175	50	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	1175	51	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1175	52	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1175	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1176	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-316	1176	2	received	receive	VERB
epaa-316	1176	3	her	her	PRON
epaa-316	1176	4	ph.d	ph.d	NOUN
epaa-316	1176	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1177	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1177	2	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1177	3	psychology	psychology	NOUN
epaa-316	1177	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1177	5	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1177	6	51	51	NUM
epaa-316	1177	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1177	8	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	1177	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1177	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1177	11	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	1177	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1177	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1177	14	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	1177	15	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1177	16	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	1177	17	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1177	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1178	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-316	1178	2	holds	hold	VERB
epaa-316	1178	3	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1178	4	ba	ba	PROPN
epaa-316	1178	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1178	6	psychology	psychology	NOUN
epaa-316	1178	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1178	8	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1178	9	ma	ma	PROPN
epaa-316	1178	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1178	11	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1178	12	psychology	psychology	NOUN
epaa-316	1178	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1178	14	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1178	15	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1178	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1178	17	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1178	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1179	1	her	her	PRON
epaa-316	1179	2	current	current	ADJ
epaa-316	1179	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	4	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	1179	5	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1179	6	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	1179	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1179	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	9	involves	involve	VERB
epaa-316	1179	10	working	work	VERB
epaa-316	1179	11	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	1179	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	13	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	14	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1179	16	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1179	17	development	development	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1179	19	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1179	21	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1179	22	state	state	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	23	’s	’s	PART
epaa-316	1179	24	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	25	profiles	profile	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1179	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1179	28	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	29	relating	relate	VERB
epaa-316	1179	30	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	1179	31	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1179	32	’s	’s	PART
epaa-316	1179	33	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	34	force	force	NOUN
epaa-316	1179	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1180	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-316	1180	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-316	1180	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	1180	4	reached	reach	VERB
epaa-316	1180	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	1180	6	email	email	NOUN
epaa-316	1180	7	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	1180	8	ilaczko@ade.az.gov	ilaczko@ade.az.gov	ADJ
epaa-316	1180	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1181	1	david	david	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	2	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	3	berliner	berliner	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	4	regents	regents	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	5	'	'	PART
epaa-316	1181	6	professor	professor	NOUN
epaa-316	1181	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1181	8	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	9	college	college	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1181	11	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	12	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	13	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	14	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	15	tempe	tempe	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1181	17	az	az	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	18	85287	85287	NUM
epaa-316	1181	19	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1181	20	2411	2411	NUM
epaa-316	1181	21	email	email	NOUN
epaa-316	1181	22	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1181	23	berliner@asu.edu	berliner@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	24	david	david	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	25	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	26	berliner	berliner	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	27	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	1181	28	regents	regent	NOUN
epaa-316	1181	29	'	'	PART
epaa-316	1181	30	professor	professor	NOUN
epaa-316	1181	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1181	32	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1181	33	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	1181	34	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1181	35	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	1181	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1181	37	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1181	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1181	39	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	40	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	41	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1181	43	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1181	44	tempe	tempe	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1181	46	az	az	PROPN
epaa-316	1181	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1182	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	1182	2	received	receive	VERB
epaa-316	1182	3	his	his	PRON
epaa-316	1182	4	ph.d	ph.d	NOUN
epaa-316	1182	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1183	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1183	2	1968	1968	NUM
epaa-316	1183	3	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1183	4	stanford	stanford	PROPN
epaa-316	1183	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1183	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1183	7	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1183	8	psychology	psychology	NOUN
epaa-316	1183	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1183	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1183	11	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	1183	12	hled	hle	VERB
epaa-316	1183	13	positions	position	NOUN
epaa-316	1183	14	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	1183	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1183	16	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1183	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1183	18	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
epaa-316	1183	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1183	20	wested	weste	VERB
epaa-316	1183	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1183	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1183	23	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1183	24	university	university	NOUN
epaa-316	1183	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1183	26	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1183	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1184	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-316	1184	2	has	have	AUX
epaa-316	1184	3	served	serve	VERB
epaa-316	1184	4	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	1184	5	president	president	NOUN
epaa-316	1184	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1184	7	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1184	8	american	american	PROPN
epaa-316	1184	9	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	1184	10	research	research	PROPN
epaa-316	1184	11	association	association	PROPN
epaa-316	1184	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1184	13	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-316	1184	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1184	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1184	16	president	president	NOUN
epaa-316	1184	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1184	18	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1184	19	division	division	NOUN
epaa-316	1184	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1184	21	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1184	22	psychology	psychology	NOUN
epaa-316	1184	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1184	24	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1184	25	american	american	PROPN
epaa-316	1184	26	psychological	psychological	PROPN
epaa-316	1184	27	association	association	PROPN
epaa-316	1184	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1184	29	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-316	1184	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1184	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1184	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1184	33	as	as	ADP
epaa-316	1184	34	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1184	35	fellow	fellow	NOUN
epaa-316	1184	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1184	37	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1184	38	center	center	NOUN
epaa-316	1184	39	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1184	40	advanced	advanced	ADJ
epaa-316	1184	41	study	study	NOUN
epaa-316	1184	42	in	in	ADP
epaa-316	1184	43	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1184	44	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
epaa-316	1184	45	sciences	sciences	PROPN
epaa-316	1184	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1185	1	berliner	berliner	PROPN
epaa-316	1185	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	1185	3	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1185	4	member	member	NOUN
epaa-316	1185	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1185	6	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1185	7	national	national	PROPN
epaa-316	1185	8	academy	academy	PROPN
epaa-316	1185	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1185	10	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1185	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1186	1	his	his	PRON
epaa-316	1186	2	publications	publication	NOUN
epaa-316	1186	3	include	include	VERB
epaa-316	1186	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1186	5	manufactured	manufacture	VERB
epaa-316	1186	6	crisis	crisis	NOUN
epaa-316	1186	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1186	8	addison	addison	PROPN
epaa-316	1186	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1186	10	wesley	wesley	PROPN
epaa-316	1186	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1186	12	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-316	1186	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1186	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	1186	15	b.j	b.j	PROPN
epaa-316	1186	16	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1186	17	biddle	biddle	PROPN
epaa-316	1186	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1186	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1186	20	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1186	21	handbook	handbook	NOUN
epaa-316	1186	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1186	23	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1186	24	psychology	psychology	NOUN
epaa-316	1186	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1186	26	macmillan	macmillan	PROPN
epaa-316	1186	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1186	28	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-316	1186	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1186	30	edited	edit	VERB
epaa-316	1186	31	with	with	ADP
epaa-316	1186	32	r.c	r.c	PROPN
epaa-316	1186	33	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1186	34	calfee	calfee	PROPN
epaa-316	1186	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1186	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1187	1	special	special	ADJ
epaa-316	1187	2	awards	award	NOUN
epaa-316	1187	3	include	include	VERB
epaa-316	1187	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1187	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1187	6	into	into	ADP
epaa-316	1187	7	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-316	1187	8	award	award	NOUN
epaa-316	1187	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1187	10	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1187	11	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-316	1187	12	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	1187	13	award	award	PROPN
epaa-316	1187	14	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1187	15	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-316	1187	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1187	17	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1187	18	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	1187	19	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	1187	20	thorndike	thorndike	PROPN
epaa-316	1187	21	award	award	PROPN
epaa-316	1187	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-316	1187	23	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-316	1187	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1187	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1187	26	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1187	27	2003	2003	NUM
epaa-316	1187	28	brock	brock	PROPN
epaa-316	1187	29	international	international	PROPN
epaa-316	1187	30	award	award	PROPN
epaa-316	1187	31	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1187	32	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-316	1187	33	achievements	achievement	NOUN
epaa-316	1187	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1188	1	his	his	PRON
epaa-316	1188	2	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
epaa-316	1188	3	interests	interest	NOUN
epaa-316	1188	4	include	include	VERB
epaa-316	1188	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-316	1188	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1188	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-316	1188	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-316	1188	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1188	10	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	1188	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	1188	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1189	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	2	2002	2002	NUM
epaa-316	1189	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-316	1189	4	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1189	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	6	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	8	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	9	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1189	10	world	world	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	11	wide	wide	ADJ
epaa-316	1189	12	web	web	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	13	address	address	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1189	15	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1189	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	17	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	19	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	1189	21	epaa.asu.edu	epaa.asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-316	1189	22	general	general	ADJ
epaa-316	1189	23	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	24	about	about	ADP
epaa-316	1189	25	appropriateness	appropriateness	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1189	27	topics	topic	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	1189	29	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-316	1189	30	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	31	may	may	AUX
epaa-316	1189	32	be	be	AUX
epaa-316	1189	33	addressed	address	VERB
epaa-316	1189	34	to	to	ADP
epaa-316	1189	35	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1189	36	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1189	38	gene	gene	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	39	v	v	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	40	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1189	42	glass@asu.edu	glass@asu.edu	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	43	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-316	1189	44	reach	reach	VERB
epaa-316	1189	45	him	he	PRON
epaa-316	1189	46	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	1189	47	college	college	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1189	49	education	education	NOUN
epaa-316	1189	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1189	51	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1189	52	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	1189	53	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1189	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1189	55	tempe	tempe	PROPN
epaa-316	1189	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1189	57	az	az	PROPN
epaa-316	1189	58	85287	85287	NUM
epaa-316	1189	59	-	-	SYM
epaa-316	1189	60	2411	2411	NUM
epaa-316	1189	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1190	1	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1190	2	commentary	commentary	NOUN
epaa-316	1190	3	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-316	1190	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-316	1190	5	casey	casey	PROPN
epaa-316	1190	6	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	1190	7	cobb	cobb	PROPN
epaa-316	1190	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-316	1190	9	casey.cobb@unh.edu	casey.cobb@unh.edu	PROPN
epaa-316	1190	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1191	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	2	editorial	editorial	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	3	board	board	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	4	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	5	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	6	apple	apple	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	7	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1191	9	wisconsin	wisconsin	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	10	greg	greg	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	11	camilli	camilli	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	12	rutgers	rutgers	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	13	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	14	john	john	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	15	covaleskie	covaleskie	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	16	northern	northern	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	17	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	18	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	19	alan	alan	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	20	davis	davis	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	21	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1191	23	colorado	colorado	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1191	25	denver	denver	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	26	sherman	sherman	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	27	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	28	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1191	30	south	south	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	31	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	32	mark	mark	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	33	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	34	fetler	fetler	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	35	california	california	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	36	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	37	on	on	ADP
epaa-316	1191	38	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-316	1191	39	credentialing	credentiale	VERB
epaa-316	1191	40	richard	richard	PROPN
epaa-316	1191	41	garlikov	garlikov	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	1	hmwkhelp@scott.net	hmwkhelp@scott.net	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	2	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	3	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	4	green	green	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	5	syracuse	syracuse	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	7	52	52	NUM
epaa-316	1192	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1192	9	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	1192	10	alison	alison	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	11	i.	i.	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	12	griffith	griffith	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	13	york	york	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	14	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	15	arlen	arlen	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	16	gullickson	gullickson	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	17	western	western	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	18	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	19	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	20	ernest	ernest	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	21	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	22	house	house	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	23	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1192	25	colorado	colorado	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	26	aimee	aimee	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	27	howley	howley	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	28	ohio	ohio	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	29	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	30	craig	craig	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	31	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	32	howley	howley	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	33	appalachia	appalachia	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	34	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	35	laboratory	laboratory	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	36	william	william	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	37	hunter	hunter	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	38	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1192	40	ontario	ontario	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	41	institute	institute	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	42	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1192	43	technology	technology	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	44	daniel	daniel	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	45	kallós	kallós	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	46	umeå	umeå	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	47	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	48	benjamin	benjamin	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	49	levin	levin	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	50	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	51	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1192	52	manitoba	manitoba	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	53	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	54	mauhs	mauhs	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	55	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1192	56	pugh	pugh	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	57	green	green	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	58	mountain	mountain	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	59	college	college	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	60	dewayne	dewayne	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	61	matthews	matthews	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	62	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	63	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	64	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1192	65	the	the	DET
epaa-316	1192	66	states	states	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	67	william	william	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	68	mcinerney	mcinerney	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	69	purdue	purdue	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	70	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	71	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	72	mckeown	mckeown	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	73	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1192	74	moak	moak	NOUN
epaa-316	1192	75	mgt	mgt	NOUN
epaa-316	1192	76	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1192	77	america	america	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	78	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1192	79	austin	austin	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	80	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1192	81	tx	tx	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	82	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1192	83	les	les	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	84	mclean	mclean	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	85	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	86	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1192	87	toronto	toronto	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	88	susan	susan	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	89	bobbitt	bobbitt	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	90	nolen	nolen	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	91	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	92	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1192	93	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	94	anne	anne	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	95	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-316	1192	96	pemberton	pemberton	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	1	apembert@pen.k12.va.us	apembert@pen.k12.va.us	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	2	hugh	hugh	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	4	petrie	petrie	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	5	suny	suny	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	6	buffalo	buffalo	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	7	richard	richard	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	8	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	9	richardson	richardson	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	10	new	new	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	11	york	york	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	12	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	13	anthony	anthony	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	14	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	15	rud	rud	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	16	jr	jr	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	17	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	18	purdue	purdue	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	19	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	20	dennis	dennis	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	21	sayers	sayers	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	22	california	california	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	23	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	24	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	25	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-316	1193	26	stanislaus	stanislaus	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	27	jay	jay	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	28	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	29	scribner	scribner	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	30	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1193	32	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	33	at	at	ADP
epaa-316	1193	34	austin	austin	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	35	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	36	scriven	scriven	PROPN
epaa-316	1193	37	scriven@aol.com	scriven@aol.com	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	1	robert	robert	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	2	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	3	stake	stake	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	4	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1194	6	illinois	illinois	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	7	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-316	1194	8	uc	uc	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	9	robert	robert	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	10	stonehill	stonehill	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	11	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	12	.	.	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	13	department	department	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1194	15	education	education	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	16	david	david	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	17	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	18	williams	williams	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	19	brigham	brigham	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	20	young	young	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	21	university	university	NOUN
epaa-316	1194	22	epaa	epaa	NOUN
epaa-316	1194	23	spanish	spanish	ADJ
epaa-316	1194	24	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	1194	25	editorial	editorial	NOUN
epaa-316	1194	26	board	board	NOUN
epaa-316	1194	27	associate	associate	NOUN
epaa-316	1194	28	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-316	1194	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1194	30	spanish	spanish	ADJ
epaa-316	1194	31	language	language	NOUN
epaa-316	1194	32	roberto	roberto	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	33	rodríguez	rodríguez	NOUN
epaa-316	1194	34	gómez	gómez	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	35	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	36	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	37	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	38	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	39	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	40	roberto@servidor.unam.mx	roberto@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	41	adrián	adrián	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	42	acosta	acosta	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1194	44	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1194	46	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	47	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	48	guadalajara	guadalajara	PROPN
epaa-316	1194	49	adrianacosta@compuserve.com	adrianacosta@compuserve.com	X
epaa-316	1195	1	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	2	félix	félix	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	3	angulo	angulo	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	4	rasco	rasco	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1195	6	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1195	8	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	9	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	10	cádiz	cádiz	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	11	felix.angulo@uca.es	felix.angulo@uca.es	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	12	teresa	teresa	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	13	bracho	bracho	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1195	15	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1195	17	centro	centro	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	18	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	19	investigación	investigación	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	20	y	y	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	21	docencia	docencia	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	22	económica	económica	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1195	24	cide	cide	NOUN
epaa-316	1195	25	bracho	bracho	NOUN
epaa-316	1195	26	dis1.cide.mx	dis1.cide.mx	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	27	alejandro	alejandro	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	28	canales	canales	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1195	30	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1195	32	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-316	1195	33	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-316	1196	1	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-316	1196	2	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1196	3	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-316	1196	4	canalesa@servidor.unam.mx	canalesa@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-316	1196	5	ursula	ursula	PROPN
epaa-316	1196	6	casanova	casanova	PROPN
epaa-316	1196	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1196	8	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-316	1196	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1196	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1197	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	2	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	4	casanova@asu.edu	casanova@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	5	josé	josé	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	6	contreras	contreras	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	7	domingo	domingo	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	8	universitat	universitat	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	9	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	10	barcelona	barcelona	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	11	jose.contreras@doe.d5.ub.es	jose.contreras@doe.d5.ub.es	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	12	erwin	erwin	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	13	epstein	epstein	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1197	15	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-316	1197	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1197	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1198	1	loyola	loyola	PROPN
epaa-316	1198	2	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1198	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1198	4	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-316	1198	5	josué	josué	PROPN
epaa-316	1198	6	gonzález	gonzález	PROPN
epaa-316	1198	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1198	8	u.s.a	u.s.a	PROPN
epaa-316	1198	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1198	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	1	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	2	state	state	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	4	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	1199	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1199	6	53	53	NUM
epaa-316	1199	7	eepstein@luc.edu	eepstein@luc.edu	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	8	josue@asu.edu	josue@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	9	rollin	rollin	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	10	kent	kent	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	12	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	14	departamento	departamento	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	15	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	16	investigación	investigación	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	17	educativa	educativa	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	18	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	19	die	die	VERB
epaa-316	1199	20	/	/	SYM
epaa-316	1199	21	cinvestav	cinvestav	NOUN
epaa-316	1199	22	rkent@gemtel.com.mx	rkent@gemtel.com.mx	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	23	kentr@data.net.mx	kentr@data.net.mx	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	24	maría	maría	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	25	beatriz	beatriz	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	26	luce	luce	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	28	brazil	brazil	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	30	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	31	federal	federal	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	32	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	33	rio	rio	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	34	grande	grande	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	35	do	do	VERB
epaa-316	1199	36	sul	sul	ADJ
epaa-316	1199	37	-	-	ADJ
epaa-316	1199	38	ufrgs	ufrgs	ADJ
epaa-316	1199	39	lucemb@orion.ufrgs.br	lucemb@orion.ufrgs.br	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	40	javier	javier	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	41	mendoza	mendoza	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	42	rojas	rojas	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	44	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	46	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	47	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	48	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	49	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	50	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	51	javiermr@servidor.unam.mx	javiermr@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	52	marcela	marcela	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	53	mollis	mollis	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	54	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	55	argentina	argentina	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	56	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	57	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	58	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	59	buenos	buenos	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	60	aires	aires	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	61	mmollis@filo.uba.ar	mmollis@filo.uba.ar	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	62	humberto	humberto	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	63	muñoz	muñoz	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	64	garcía	garcía	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	65	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	66	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	67	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	68	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	69	nacional	nacional	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	70	autónoma	autónoma	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	71	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	72	méxico	méxico	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	73	humberto@servidor.unam.mx	humberto@servidor.unam.mx	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	74	angel	angel	NOUN
epaa-316	1199	75	ignacio	ignacio	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	76	pérez	pérez	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	77	gómez	gómez	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	78	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	79	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	80	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	81	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	82	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	83	málaga	málaga	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	84	aiperez@uma.es	aiperez@uma.es	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	85	daniel	daniel	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	86	schugurensky	schugurensky	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	87	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	88	argentina	argentina	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	89	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	90	canadá	canadá	NOUN
epaa-316	1199	91	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1199	92	oise	oise	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	93	/	/	SYM
epaa-316	1199	94	ut	ut	PROPN
epaa-316	1199	95	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1200	1	canada	canada	PROPN
epaa-316	1201	1	dschugurensky@oise.utoronto.ca	dschugurensky@oise.utoronto.ca	PROPN
epaa-316	1202	1	simon	simon	PROPN
epaa-316	1202	2	schwartzman	schwartzman	PROPN
epaa-316	1202	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1202	4	brazil	brazil	PROPN
epaa-316	1202	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1202	6	american	american	PROPN
epaa-316	1202	7	institutes	institutes	PROPN
epaa-316	1202	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-316	1202	9	resesarch	resesarch	PROPN
epaa-316	1202	10	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-316	1202	11	brazil	brazil	PROPN
epaa-316	1202	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1202	13	airbrasil	airbrasil	PROPN
epaa-316	1202	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1202	15	simon@airbrasil.org.br	simon@airbrasil.org.br	NOUN
epaa-316	1202	16	jurjo	jurjo	PROPN
epaa-316	1202	17	torres	torre	VERB
epaa-316	1202	18	santomé	santomé	NOUN
epaa-316	1202	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1202	20	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-316	1202	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1202	22	universidad	universidad	PROPN
epaa-316	1203	1	de	de	PROPN
epaa-316	1203	2	a	a	DET
epaa-316	1203	3	coruña	coruña	NOUN
epaa-316	1203	4	jurjo@udc.es	jurjo@udc.es	PROPN
epaa-316	1203	5	carlos	carlos	PROPN
epaa-316	1203	6	alberto	alberto	PROPN
epaa-316	1203	7	torres	torres	PROPN
epaa-316	1203	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-316	1203	9	u.s.a	u.s.a	NOUN
epaa-316	1203	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-316	1203	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-316	1204	1	university	university	PROPN
epaa-316	1204	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-316	1204	3	california	california	PROPN
epaa-316	1204	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-316	1204	5	los	los	PROPN
epaa-316	1204	6	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-316	1204	7	torres@gseisucla.edu	torres@gseisucla.edu	PUNCT