id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
epaa-580	1	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-580	1	2	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-580	1	3	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	1	4	6	6	NUM
epaa-580	1	5	no	no	NOUN
epaa-580	1	6	.	.	NOUN
epaa-580	1	7	13	13	NUM
epaa-580	1	8	mehrens	mehren	NOUN
epaa-580	1	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	1	10	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	1	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	1	12	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	1	13	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	1	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	1	15	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	1	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	1	17	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	1	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	1	19	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-580	1	20	volume	volume	VERB
epaa-580	1	21	6	6	NUM
epaa-580	1	22	number	number	NOUN
epaa-580	1	23	13	13	NUM
epaa-580	1	24	july	july	PROPN
epaa-580	1	25	14	14	NUM
epaa-580	1	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	1	27	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	1	28	issn	issn	PROPN
epaa-580	1	29	1068	1068	NUM
epaa-580	1	30	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	1	31	2341	2341	NUM
epaa-580	1	32	a	a	DET
epaa-580	1	33	peer	peer	NOUN
epaa-580	1	34	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	1	35	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-580	1	36	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
epaa-580	1	37	electronic	electronic	ADJ
epaa-580	1	38	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-580	1	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	2	1	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-580	2	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	2	3	gene	gene	NOUN
epaa-580	2	4	v	v	ADP
epaa-580	2	5	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-580	2	6	glass@asu.edu	glass@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-580	2	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	3	1	college	college	PROPN
epaa-580	3	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	3	3	education	education	PROPN
epaa-580	3	4	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-580	3	5	state	state	PROPN
epaa-580	3	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	3	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	3	8	tempe	tempe	PROPN
epaa-580	3	9	az	az	PROPN
epaa-580	3	10	85287	85287	NUM
epaa-580	3	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	3	12	2411	2411	NUM
epaa-580	3	13	copyright	copyright	NOUN
epaa-580	3	14	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	3	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	3	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	3	17	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	3	18	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	3	19	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	3	20	archives.permission	archives.permission	NOUN
epaa-580	3	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	3	22	hereby	hereby	ADV
epaa-580	3	23	granted	grant	VERB
epaa-580	3	24	to	to	PART
epaa-580	3	25	copy	copy	VERB
epaa-580	3	26	any	any	DET
epaa-580	3	27	article	article	NOUN
epaa-580	3	28	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-580	3	29	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	3	30	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	3	31	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	3	32	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	3	33	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-580	3	34	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	3	35	credited	credit	VERB
epaa-580	3	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	3	37	copies	copy	NOUN
epaa-580	3	38	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	3	39	not	not	PART
epaa-580	3	40	sold	sell	VERB
epaa-580	3	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	4	1	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	4	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	4	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	4	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	4	5	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	4	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	4	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	4	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	4	9	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	5	1	william	william	PROPN
epaa-580	5	2	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-580	5	3	mehrens	mehrens	PROPN
epaa-580	5	4	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-580	5	5	state	state	PROPN
epaa-580	5	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	5	7	abstract	abstract	ADJ
epaa-580	5	8	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-580	5	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	5	10	here	here	ADV
epaa-580	5	11	directed	direct	VERB
epaa-580	5	12	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-580	5	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	5	14	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
epaa-580	5	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	5	16	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	5	17	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	5	18	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	5	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	5	20	focusing	focus	VERB
epaa-580	5	21	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-580	5	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	5	23	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	5	24	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	5	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	5	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	6	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	6	2	examine	examine	VERB
epaa-580	6	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	6	4	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	6	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	6	6	these	these	DET
epaa-580	6	7	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	6	8	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	6	9	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	6	10	enumerate	enumerate	VERB
epaa-580	6	11	both	both	DET
epaa-580	6	12	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-580	6	13	dangers	danger	NOUN
epaa-580	6	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	6	15	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-580	6	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	6	17	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	6	18	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	6	19	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	6	20	investigate	investigate	VERB
epaa-580	6	21	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	6	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	6	23	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	6	24	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	6	25	says	say	VERB
epaa-580	6	26	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	6	27	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	6	28	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	6	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	6	30	including	include	VERB
epaa-580	6	31	a	a	DET
epaa-580	6	32	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-580	6	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	6	34	the	the	DET
epaa-580	6	35	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	6	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	6	37	the	the	DET
epaa-580	6	38	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	6	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	6	40	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	6	41	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-580	6	42	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	6	43	to	to	PART
epaa-580	6	44	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-580	6	45	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	6	46	the	the	DET
epaa-580	6	47	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	6	48	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	6	49	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	6	50	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	6	51	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	6	52	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	6	53	present	present	VERB
epaa-580	6	54	some	some	DET
epaa-580	6	55	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-580	6	56	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	6	57	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	6	58	variables	variable	NOUN
epaa-580	6	59	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	6	60	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-580	6	61	the	the	DET
epaa-580	6	62	probabilities	probability	NOUN
epaa-580	6	63	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	6	64	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	6	65	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	6	66	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	6	67	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	6	68	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	6	69	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	6	70	present	present	VERB
epaa-580	6	71	some	some	DET
epaa-580	6	72	tentative	tentative	ADJ
epaa-580	6	73	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	6	74	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	6	75	the	the	DET
epaa-580	6	76	whole	whole	ADJ
epaa-580	6	77	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	6	78	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	6	79	the	the	DET
epaa-580	6	80	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	6	81	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	6	82	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	6	83	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	6	84	the	the	DET
epaa-580	6	85	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-580	6	86	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	6	87	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	6	88	available	available	ADJ
epaa-580	6	89	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	6	90	needed	need	VERB
epaa-580	6	91	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	7	1	i.	i.	PROPN
epaa-580	7	2	introduction	introduction	NOUN
epaa-580	7	3	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	7	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	7	5	a	a	DET
epaa-580	7	6	pleasure	pleasure	NOUN
epaa-580	7	7	to	to	PART
epaa-580	7	8	address	address	VERB
epaa-580	7	9	friends	friend	NOUN
epaa-580	7	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	7	11	colleagues	colleague	NOUN
epaa-580	7	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	7	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	7	14	associates	associate	NOUN
epaa-580	7	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	7	16	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	7	17	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	7	18	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	7	19	to	to	PART
epaa-580	7	20	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	7	21	an	an	DET
epaa-580	7	22	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	7	23	topic	topic	NOUN
epaa-580	7	24	-what	-what	ADJ
epaa-580	7	25	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	7	26	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	7	27	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	7	28	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	7	29	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	7	30	the	the	DET
epaa-580	7	31	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	7	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	7	33	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	7	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	8	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	8	2	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-580	8	3	chose	choose	VERB
epaa-580	8	4	this	this	DET
epaa-580	8	5	topic	topic	NOUN
epaa-580	8	6	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	8	7	last	last	ADJ
epaa-580	8	8	year	year	NOUN
epaa-580	8	9	's	's	PART
epaa-580	8	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	8	11	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	8	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	8	13	convention	convention	NOUN
epaa-580	8	14	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	8	15	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	8	16	attended	attend	VERB
epaa-580	8	17	a	a	DET
epaa-580	8	18	symposium	symposium	NOUN
epaa-580	8	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	8	20	consequential	consequential	ADJ
epaa-580	8	21	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	8	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	9	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	9	2	most	most	ADJ
epaa-580	9	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	9	4	you	you	PRON
epaa-580	9	5	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-580	9	6	know	know	VERB
epaa-580	9	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	9	8	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	9	9	am	be	AUX
epaa-580	9	10	not	not	PART
epaa-580	9	11	a	a	DET
epaa-580	9	12	fan	fan	NOUN
epaa-580	9	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	9	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	9	15	term	term	NOUN
epaa-580	9	16	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	9	17	consequential	consequential	ADJ
epaa-580	9	18	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	9	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	9	20	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	10	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	10	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	10	3	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	10	4	am	be	AUX
epaa-580	10	5	interested	interested	ADJ
epaa-580	10	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	10	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	10	8	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	10	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	10	10	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	10	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	10	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	10	13	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	10	14	hope	hope	VERB
epaa-580	10	15	all	all	PRON
epaa-580	10	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	10	17	you	you	PRON
epaa-580	10	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	10	19	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	10	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	11	1	last	last	ADJ
epaa-580	11	2	year	year	NOUN
epaa-580	11	3	's	's	PART
epaa-580	11	4	symposium	symposium	NOUN
epaa-580	11	5	had	have	VERB
epaa-580	11	6	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	11	7	illustrious	illustrious	ADJ
epaa-580	11	8	speakers	speaker	NOUN
epaa-580	11	9	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	11	10	ross	ross	PROPN
epaa-580	11	11	green	green	PROPN
epaa-580	11	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	11	13	suzanne	suzanne	PROPN
epaa-580	11	14	lane	lane	PROPN
epaa-580	11	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	11	16	bob	bob	PROPN
epaa-580	11	17	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	11	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	11	19	pam	pam	PROPN
epaa-580	11	20	moss	moss	PROPN
epaa-580	11	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	11	22	mark	mark	PROPN
epaa-580	11	23	reckase	reckase	NOUN
epaa-580	11	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	11	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	11	26	elizabeth	elizabeth	PROPN
epaa-580	11	27	taleporos	taleporos	PROPN
epaa-580	11	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	12	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	12	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	12	3	a	a	DET
epaa-580	12	4	great	great	ADJ
epaa-580	12	5	session	session	NOUN
epaa-580	12	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	13	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-580	13	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	13	3	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	13	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	13	5	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	13	6	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-580	13	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	13	8	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	13	9	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	13	10	some	some	DET
epaa-580	13	11	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-580	13	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	13	13	opinion	opinion	NOUN
epaa-580	13	14	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	13	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	13	16	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-580	13	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	13	18	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	13	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	13	20	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
epaa-580	13	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	13	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	13	23	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	13	24	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	13	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	13	26	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	13	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	13	28	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	13	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	14	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	14	2	left	leave	VERB
epaa-580	14	3	that	that	DET
epaa-580	14	4	session	session	NOUN
epaa-580	14	5	believing	believe	VERB
epaa-580	14	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	14	7	not	not	PART
epaa-580	14	8	enough	enough	ADJ
epaa-580	14	9	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	14	10	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	14	11	available	available	ADJ
epaa-580	14	12	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	14	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	14	14	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	14	15	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	14	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	14	17	worthwhile	worthwhile	ADJ
epaa-580	14	18	to	to	PART
epaa-580	14	19	review	review	VERB
epaa-580	14	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	14	21	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	14	22	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	14	23	thoroughly	thoroughly	ADV
epaa-580	14	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	15	1	then	then	ADV
epaa-580	15	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	15	3	last	last	ADJ
epaa-580	15	4	summer	summer	NOUN
epaa-580	15	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	15	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	15	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	15	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	15	9	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	15	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	15	11	council	council	NOUN
epaa-580	15	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	15	13	chief	chief	ADJ
epaa-580	15	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	15	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	15	16	officers	officer	NOUN
epaa-580	15	17	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	15	18	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	15	19	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	15	20	conference	conference	NOUN
epaa-580	15	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	15	22	peter	peter	PROPN
epaa-580	15	23	behuniak	behuniak	PROPN
epaa-580	15	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	15	25	bob	bob	PROPN
epaa-580	15	26	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	15	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	15	28	david	david	PROPN
epaa-580	15	29	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-580	15	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	15	31	2	2	NUM
epaa-580	15	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	15	33	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	15	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	15	35	gloria	gloria	PROPN
epaa-580	15	36	turner	turner	PROPN
epaa-580	15	37	presented	present	VERB
epaa-580	15	38	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	15	39	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	15	40	had	have	VERB
epaa-580	15	41	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	15	42	the	the	DET
epaa-580	15	43	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	15	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	15	45	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	15	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	16	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-580	16	2	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	16	3	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	16	4	very	very	ADV
epaa-580	16	5	impressed	impressed	ADJ
epaa-580	16	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	16	7	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	16	8	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
epaa-580	16	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	16	10	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	16	11	again	again	ADV
epaa-580	16	12	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	16	13	left	leave	VERB
epaa-580	16	14	feeling	feel	VERB
epaa-580	16	15	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	16	16	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	16	17	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	16	18	worthwhile	worthwhile	ADJ
epaa-580	16	19	to	to	PART
epaa-580	16	20	investigate	investigate	VERB
epaa-580	16	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	16	22	topic	topic	NOUN
epaa-580	16	23	further	far	ADV
epaa-580	16	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	17	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	17	2	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-580	17	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	17	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	17	5	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-580	17	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	17	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	17	8	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
epaa-580	17	9	presentations	presentation	NOUN
epaa-580	17	10	mentioned	mention	VERB
epaa-580	17	11	above	above	ADV
epaa-580	17	12	left	leave	VERB
epaa-580	17	13	me	i	PRON
epaa-580	17	14	unsatisfied	unsatisfied	ADJ
epaa-580	17	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	17	16	respect	respect	NOUN
epaa-580	17	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	17	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	17	19	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	17	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	17	21	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	17	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	17	23	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	17	24	are	be	VERB
epaa-580	17	25	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-580	17	26	rationales	rationale	NOUN
epaa-580	17	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	17	28	choosing	choose	VERB
epaa-580	17	29	this	this	DET
epaa-580	17	30	topic	topic	NOUN
epaa-580	17	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	18	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	18	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	18	3	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	18	4	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-580	18	5	not	not	PART
epaa-580	18	6	all	all	PRON
epaa-580	18	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	18	8	political	political	ADJ
epaa-580	18	9	leaders	leader	NOUN
epaa-580	18	10	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	18	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	18	12	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	18	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	18	14	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	18	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	18	16	local	local	ADJ
epaa-580	18	17	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-580	18	18	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	18	19	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	18	20	touting	tout	VERB
epaa-580	18	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	18	22	value	value	NOUN
epaa-580	18	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	18	24	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	18	25	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	18	26	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	18	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	19	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	19	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-580	19	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	19	4	president	president	PROPN
epaa-580	19	5	clinton	clinton	PROPN
epaa-580	19	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	19	7	secretary	secretary	PROPN
epaa-580	19	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	19	9	education	education	PROPN
epaa-580	19	10	riley	riley	PROPN
epaa-580	19	11	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	19	12	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-580	19	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	19	14	voluntary	voluntary	ADJ
epaa-580	19	15	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	19	16	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	19	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	19	18	reading	read	VERB
epaa-580	19	19	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	19	20	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-580	19	21	four	four	NUM
epaa-580	19	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	19	23	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-580	19	24	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	19	25	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-580	19	26	eight	eight	NUM
epaa-580	19	27	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	19	28	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	19	29	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	19	30	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	19	31	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	19	32	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	19	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	1	secretary	secretary	PROPN
epaa-580	20	2	riley	riley	PROPN
epaa-580	20	3	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	20	4	said	say	VERB
epaa-580	20	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	6	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	7	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	20	8	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	20	9	these	these	DET
epaa-580	20	10	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	20	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	20	12	absolutely	absolutely	ADV
epaa-580	20	13	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-580	20	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	20	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	20	16	future	future	NOUN
epaa-580	20	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	20	18	american	american	ADJ
epaa-580	20	19	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	20	20	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	22	riley	riley	PROPN
epaa-580	20	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	24	1997a	1997a	NUM
epaa-580	20	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	26	quoted	quote	VERB
epaa-580	20	27	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	20	28	jones	jones	PROPN
epaa-580	20	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	30	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	20	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	32	p.3	p.3	NOUN
epaa-580	20	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	35	note	note	NOUN
epaa-580	20	36	2	2	NUM
epaa-580	20	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	20	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	21	1	president	president	PROPN
epaa-580	21	2	clinton	clinton	PROPN
epaa-580	21	3	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	21	4	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	21	5	asked	ask	VERB
epaa-580	21	6	each	each	DET
epaa-580	21	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	21	8	to	to	PART
epaa-580	21	9	adopt	adopt	VERB
epaa-580	21	10	tough	tough	ADJ
epaa-580	21	11	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	21	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	21	13	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	21	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	22	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	22	2	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-580	22	3	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-580	22	4	to	to	PART
epaa-580	22	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	22	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	22	7	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	22	8	tough	tough	ADJ
epaa-580	22	9	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	22	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	22	11	adopted	adopt	VERB
epaa-580	22	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	22	13	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	22	14	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	22	15	rise	rise	VERB
epaa-580	22	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	23	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	23	2	reformers	reformer	NOUN
epaa-580	23	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	23	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	23	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	23	6	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	23	7	play	play	VERB
epaa-580	23	8	a	a	DET
epaa-580	23	9	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
epaa-580	23	10	role	role	NOUN
epaa-580	23	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	23	12	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	23	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	23	14	led	lead	VERB
epaa-580	23	15	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	23	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	23	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	23	18	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	23	19	communicating	communicate	VERB
epaa-580	23	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	23	21	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-580	23	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	23	23	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	24	1	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-580	24	2	targets	target	NOUN
epaa-580	24	3	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	24	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	24	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	24	6	shaping	shape	VERB
epaa-580	24	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	24	8	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	24	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	24	10	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	24	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	24	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	24	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	25	1	coupled	couple	VERB
epaa-580	25	2	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	25	3	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-580	25	4	incentives	incentive	NOUN
epaa-580	25	5	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-580	25	6	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
epaa-580	25	7	--	--	PUNCT
epaa-580	25	8	external	external	ADJ
epaa-580	25	9	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	25	10	self	self	NOUN
epaa-580	25	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	25	12	directed	direct	VERB
epaa-580	25	13	--	--	PUNCT
epaa-580	25	14	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	25	15	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	25	16	motivate	motivate	VERB
epaa-580	25	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	25	18	to	to	PART
epaa-580	25	19	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-580	25	20	better	well	ADJ
epaa-580	25	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	25	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	25	23	to	to	PART
epaa-580	25	24	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-580	25	25	better	well	ADV
epaa-580	25	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	25	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	25	28	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	25	29	to	to	PART
epaa-580	25	30	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	25	31	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	25	32	educationally	educationally	ADV
epaa-580	25	33	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-580	25	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	26	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	26	2	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	26	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	26	4	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-580	26	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	26	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	26	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	26	8	iii	iii	PROPN
epaa-580	26	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	26	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	27	1	note	note	VERB
epaa-580	27	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	27	3	word	word	NOUN
epaa-580	27	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	27	5	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	27	6	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	27	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	27	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	27	9	above	above	ADJ
epaa-580	27	10	quotation	quotation	NOUN
epaa-580	27	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	28	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	28	2	question	question	NOUN
epaa-580	28	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	28	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	28	5	do	do	VERB
epaa-580	28	6	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	28	7	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	29	1	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	29	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	29	3	baker	baker	PROPN
epaa-580	29	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	29	5	dunbar	dunbar	PROPN
epaa-580	29	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	29	7	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	29	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	29	9	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	29	10	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	29	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	29	12	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	29	13	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	29	14	not	not	PART
epaa-580	29	15	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	29	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	29	17	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-580	29	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	29	19	a	a	DET
epaa-580	29	20	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	29	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	29	22	authentic	authentic	ADJ
epaa-580	29	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	29	24	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	29	25	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	29	26	result	result	VERB
epaa-580	29	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	29	28	better	well	ADJ
epaa-580	29	29	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	29	30	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-580	29	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	30	1	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	30	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	30	3	correctly	correctly	ADV
epaa-580	30	4	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	30	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	30	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	30	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	30	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	30	9	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	30	10	needed	need	VERB
epaa-580	30	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	30	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	30	13	uses	use	NOUN
epaa-580	30	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	30	15	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
epaa-580	30	16	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	30	17	contributing	contribute	VERB
epaa-580	30	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	30	19	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
epaa-580	30	20	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	30	21	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	30	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	30	23	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	30	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	30	25	same	same	ADJ
epaa-580	30	26	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	30	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	30	28	not	not	PART
epaa-580	30	29	producing	produce	VERB
epaa-580	30	30	unintended	unintended	ADJ
epaa-580	30	31	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	30	32	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-580	30	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	30	34	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-580	30	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	30	36	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	30	37	8)	8)	NUM
epaa-580	30	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	31	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	31	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	31	3	no	no	DET
epaa-580	31	4	question	question	NOUN
epaa-580	31	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	31	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	31	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	31	8	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	31	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	31	10	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	31	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	31	12	having	have	VERB
epaa-580	31	13	a	a	DET
epaa-580	31	14	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-580	31	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	31	16	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	31	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	31	18	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-580	31	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	31	20	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	31	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	31	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	31	23	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	31	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	31	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	31	26	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	31	27	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-580	31	28	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-580	31	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	31	30	the	the	DET
epaa-580	31	31	reforming	reforming	NOUN
epaa-580	31	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	31	33	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	31	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	32	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	32	2	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	32	3	are	be	VERB
epaa-580	32	4	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-580	32	5	to	to	PART
epaa-580	32	6	question	question	VERB
epaa-580	32	7	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	32	8	that	that	DET
epaa-580	32	9	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-580	32	10	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	32	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	32	12	realized	realize	VERB
epaa-580	32	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	33	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	33	2	goodling	goodling	NOUN
epaa-580	33	3	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	33	4	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	33	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	33	6	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	33	7	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	33	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	33	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	33	10	answer	answer	NOUN
epaa-580	33	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	33	12	our	our	PRON
epaa-580	33	13	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	33	14	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-580	33	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	33	16	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	33	17	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	33	18	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	33	19	solved	solve	VERB
epaa-580	33	20	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	33	21	a	a	DET
epaa-580	33	22	long	long	ADJ
epaa-580	33	23	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	33	24	ago	ago	ADV
epaa-580	33	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	34	1	american	american	ADJ
epaa-580	34	2	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	34	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	34	4	tested	test	VERB
epaa-580	34	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	34	6	tested	test	VERB
epaa-580	34	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	34	8	tested	test	VERB
epaa-580	34	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	34	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	34	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	34	12	clinton	clinton	PROPN
epaa-580	34	13	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-580	34	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	34	15	proposing	propose	VERB
epaa-580	34	16	to	to	PART
epaa-580	34	17	test	test	VERB
epaa-580	34	18	our	our	PRON
epaa-580	34	19	children	child	NOUN
epaa-580	34	20	again	again	ADV
epaa-580	34	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	34	22	august	august	PROPN
epaa-580	34	23	13	13	NUM
epaa-580	34	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	34	25	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	34	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	34	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	35	1	goodling	goodle	VERB
epaa-580	35	2	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	35	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	35	4	thinking	think	VERB
epaa-580	35	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	35	6	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	35	7	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	35	8	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	35	9	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-580	35	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	35	11	better	well	ADJ
epaa-580	35	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	35	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	35	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	35	15	akin	akin	ADJ
epaa-580	35	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	35	17	claiming	claim	VERB
epaa-580	35	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	35	19	better	well	ADJ
epaa-580	35	20	speedometers	speedometer	NOUN
epaa-580	35	21	make	make	VERB
epaa-580	35	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	35	23	faster	fast	ADJ
epaa-580	35	24	cars	car	NOUN
epaa-580	35	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	35	26	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	36	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	36	2	quoted	quote	VERB
epaa-580	36	3	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	36	4	froomkin	froomkin	NOUN
epaa-580	36	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	36	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	36	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	36	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	37	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	37	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-580	37	3	both	both	PRON
epaa-580	37	4	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-580	37	5	values	value	NOUN
epaa-580	37	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	37	7	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-580	37	8	dangers	danger	NOUN
epaa-580	37	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	37	10	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	37	11	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	37	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	37	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	38	1	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	38	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	38	3	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-580	38	4	value	value	NOUN
epaa-580	38	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	38	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	38	7	a	a	DET
epaa-580	38	8	vision	vision	NOUN
epaa-580	38	9	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	38	10	an	an	DET
epaa-580	38	11	illusion	illusion	NOUN
epaa-580	38	12	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	39	1	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	39	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	39	3	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-580	39	4	dangers	danger	NOUN
epaa-580	39	5	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	39	6	to	to	PART
epaa-580	39	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	39	8	realized	realize	VERB
epaa-580	39	9	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	40	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	40	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	40	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	40	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	40	5	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	41	1	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-580	41	2	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	41	3	to	to	PART
epaa-580	41	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	41	5	a	a	DET
epaa-580	41	6	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	41	7	thing	thing	NOUN
epaa-580	41	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	41	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	41	10	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	41	11	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	41	12	must	must	AUX
epaa-580	41	13	outweigh	outweigh	VERB
epaa-580	41	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	41	15	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	41	16	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	41	17	-by	-by	ADP
epaa-580	41	18	some	some	DET
epaa-580	41	19	factor	factor	NOUN
epaa-580	41	20	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-580	41	21	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	41	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	41	23	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-580	41	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	42	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	42	2	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-580	42	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	42	4	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	42	5	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	42	6	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	42	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	42	8	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-580	42	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	42	10	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-580	42	11	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-580	42	12	forms	form	NOUN
epaa-580	42	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	42	14	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	42	15	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	42	16	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	42	17	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	42	18	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	42	19	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	42	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	42	21	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	42	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	43	1	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	43	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	43	3	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	43	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	43	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	43	6	worth	worth	ADJ
epaa-580	43	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	43	8	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-580	43	9	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	44	1	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	44	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	44	3	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	44	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	44	5	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-580	44	6	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	44	7	worth	worth	ADJ
epaa-580	44	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	44	9	much	much	ADV
epaa-580	44	10	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-580	44	11	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-580	44	12	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	45	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	45	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	45	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	45	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	45	5	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	1	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	46	2	overview	overview	VERB
epaa-580	46	3	3	3	NUM
epaa-580	46	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	46	5	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	46	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	46	7	this	this	DET
epaa-580	46	8	presentation	presentation	NOUN
epaa-580	46	9	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	46	10	wish	wish	VERB
epaa-580	46	11	to	to	PART
epaa-580	46	12	spend	spend	VERB
epaa-580	46	13	a	a	DET
epaa-580	46	14	brief	brief	ADJ
epaa-580	46	15	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-580	46	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	46	17	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	46	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	46	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	46	20	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
epaa-580	46	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	46	22	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	46	23	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	46	24	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	46	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	26	focusing	focus	VERB
epaa-580	46	27	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-580	46	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	46	29	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	46	30	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	46	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	32	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	33	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-580	46	34	the	the	DET
epaa-580	46	35	purported	purport	VERB
epaa-580	46	36	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	46	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	46	38	these	these	DET
epaa-580	46	39	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	46	40	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	46	41	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	42	enumerate	enumerate	VERB
epaa-580	46	43	some	some	DET
epaa-580	46	44	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-580	46	45	dangers	danger	NOUN
epaa-580	46	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	46	47	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-580	46	48	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-580	46	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	46	50	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	46	51	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	46	52	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	53	investigate	investigate	VERB
epaa-580	46	54	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	46	55	the	the	DET
epaa-580	46	56	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	46	57	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	46	58	says	say	VERB
epaa-580	46	59	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	60	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	46	61	does	do	AUX
epaa-580	46	62	not	not	PART
epaa-580	46	63	say	say	VERB
epaa-580	46	64	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	65	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	46	66	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	46	67	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	46	68	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	69	including	include	VERB
epaa-580	46	70	a	a	DET
epaa-580	46	71	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-580	46	72	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	46	73	the	the	DET
epaa-580	46	74	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	46	75	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	46	76	the	the	DET
epaa-580	46	77	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	46	78	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	79	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	80	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-580	46	81	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	46	82	to	to	PART
epaa-580	46	83	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-580	46	84	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	46	85	the	the	DET
epaa-580	46	86	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	46	87	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	46	88	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	46	89	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	46	90	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	46	91	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	92	present	present	VERB
epaa-580	46	93	some	some	DET
epaa-580	46	94	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-580	46	95	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	46	96	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	46	97	variables	variable	NOUN
epaa-580	46	98	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	46	99	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-580	46	100	the	the	DET
epaa-580	46	101	probabilities	probability	NOUN
epaa-580	46	102	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	46	103	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	46	104	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	46	105	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	46	106	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	46	107	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	46	108	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	46	109	present	present	VERB
epaa-580	46	110	some	some	DET
epaa-580	46	111	tentative	tentative	ADJ
epaa-580	46	112	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	46	113	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	46	114	the	the	DET
epaa-580	46	115	whole	whole	ADJ
epaa-580	46	116	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	46	117	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	46	118	the	the	DET
epaa-580	46	119	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	46	120	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	46	121	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	46	122	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	46	123	the	the	DET
epaa-580	46	124	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-580	46	125	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	46	126	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	46	127	available	available	ADJ
epaa-580	46	128	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	46	129	needed	need	VERB
epaa-580	46	130	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	47	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	47	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	47	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	47	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	47	5	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
epaa-580	47	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	47	7	my	my	PRON
epaa-580	47	8	tentative	tentative	ADJ
epaa-580	47	9	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	47	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	47	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	47	12	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	47	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	47	14	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	47	15	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	47	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	47	17	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	47	18	times	time	NOUN
epaa-580	47	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	47	20	obviously	obviously	ADV
epaa-580	47	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	47	22	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-580	47	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	47	24	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	47	25	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	47	26	less	less	ADJ
epaa-580	47	27	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	47	28	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-580	47	29	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	47	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	48	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	48	2	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	48	3	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-580	48	4	drawing	draw	VERB
epaa-580	48	5	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	48	6	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	48	7	runs	run	VERB
epaa-580	48	8	counter	counter	ADV
epaa-580	48	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	48	10	a	a	DET
epaa-580	48	11	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	48	12	value	value	NOUN
epaa-580	48	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	48	14	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	48	15	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-580	48	16	-that	-that	VERB
epaa-580	48	17	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	48	18	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	48	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	48	20	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	48	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	48	22	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	48	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	49	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	49	2	am	be	AUX
epaa-580	49	3	firmly	firmly	ADV
epaa-580	49	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	49	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	49	6	side	side	NOUN
epaa-580	49	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	49	8	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	49	9	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	49	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	49	11	needed	need	VERB
epaa-580	49	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	49	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	49	14	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	49	15	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	49	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	49	17	drawn	draw	VERB
epaa-580	49	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	49	19	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	49	20	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	49	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	50	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	50	2	am	be	AUX
epaa-580	50	3	firmly	firmly	ADV
epaa-580	50	4	against	against	ADP
epaa-580	50	5	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-580	50	6	pure	pure	ADJ
epaa-580	50	7	proselytizing	proselytizing	NOUN
epaa-580	50	8	off	off	ADP
epaa-580	50	9	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	50	10	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	50	11	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	50	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	50	13	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	50	14	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	50	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	51	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	51	2	am	be	AUX
epaa-580	51	3	not	not	PART
epaa-580	51	4	opposed	oppose	VERB
epaa-580	51	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	51	6	drawing	draw	VERB
epaa-580	51	7	tentative	tentative	ADJ
epaa-580	51	8	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	51	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	51	10	less	less	ADJ
epaa-580	51	11	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	51	12	perfect	perfect	ADJ
epaa-580	51	13	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	51	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	52	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	52	2	crossing	cross	VERB
epaa-580	52	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	52	4	line	line	NOUN
epaa-580	52	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	52	6	basing	base	VERB
epaa-580	52	7	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	52	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	52	9	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	52	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	52	11	basing	base	VERB
epaa-580	52	12	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	52	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	52	14	a	a	DET
epaa-580	52	15	will	will	NOUN
epaa-580	52	16	to	to	PART
epaa-580	52	17	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	52	18	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	52	19	not	not	PART
epaa-580	52	20	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	52	21	done	do	VERB
epaa-580	52	22	surreptitiously	surreptitiously	ADV
epaa-580	52	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	52	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	52	25	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	52	26	try	try	VERB
epaa-580	52	27	hard	hard	ADV
epaa-580	52	28	to	to	PART
epaa-580	52	29	avoid	avoid	VERB
epaa-580	52	30	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	52	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	52	32	this	this	DET
epaa-580	52	33	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-580	52	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	53	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	53	2	those	those	PRON
epaa-580	53	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	53	4	you	you	PRON
epaa-580	53	5	who	who	PRON
epaa-580	53	6	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	53	7	not	not	PART
epaa-580	53	8	make	make	VERB
epaa-580	53	9	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	53	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	53	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	53	12	end	end	NOUN
epaa-580	53	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	53	14	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	53	15	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	53	16	tell	tell	VERB
epaa-580	53	17	you	you	PRON
epaa-580	53	18	now	now	ADV
epaa-580	53	19	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	53	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	53	21	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	53	22	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	53	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	53	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	53	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	53	26	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	53	27	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	53	28	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
epaa-580	53	29	scarce	scarce	ADJ
epaa-580	53	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	53	31	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	53	32	least	least	ADJ
epaa-580	53	33	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
epaa-580	53	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	53	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	53	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	53	37	equivocal	equivocal	ADJ
epaa-580	53	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	54	1	ii	ii	PROPN
epaa-580	54	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	55	1	popularity	popularity	NOUN
epaa-580	55	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	55	3	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
epaa-580	55	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	55	5	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	55	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	55	7	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	55	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	55	9	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	55	10	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	55	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	55	12	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	55	13	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-580	55	14	popularity	popularity	NOUN
epaa-580	55	15	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	55	16	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	55	17	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	55	18	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	55	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	55	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	55	21	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	55	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	55	23	abstract	abstract	ADJ
epaa-580	55	24	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	55	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	55	26	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-580	55	27	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	55	28	politicians	politician	NOUN
epaa-580	55	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	55	30	the	the	DET
epaa-580	55	31	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	55	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	56	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-580	56	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	56	3	true	true	ADJ
epaa-580	56	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	56	5	both	both	DET
epaa-580	56	6	proposed	propose	VERB
epaa-580	56	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	56	8	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-580	56	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	56	10	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	56	11	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	56	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	56	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	56	14	proposed	propose	VERB
epaa-580	56	15	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	56	16	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	56	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	56	18	voluntary	voluntary	ADJ
epaa-580	56	19	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	56	20	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	56	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	57	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	57	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-580	57	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	57	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	57	5	popularity	popularity	NOUN
epaa-580	57	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	57	7	obtained	obtain	VERB
epaa-580	57	8	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	57	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	57	10	29th	29th	ADJ
epaa-580	57	11	gallup	gallup	NOUN
epaa-580	57	12	poll	poll	NOUN
epaa-580	57	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	58	1	that	that	DET
epaa-580	58	2	poll	poll	NOUN
epaa-580	58	3	showed	show	VERB
epaa-580	58	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	58	5	57	57	NUM
epaa-580	58	6	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	58	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	58	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	58	9	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	58	10	favor	favor	PROPN
epaa-580	58	11	president	president	PROPN
epaa-580	58	12	clinton	clinton	PROPN
epaa-580	58	13	's	's	PART
epaa-580	58	14	proposed	propose	VERB
epaa-580	58	15	voluntary	voluntary	ADJ
epaa-580	58	16	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	58	17	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	58	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	58	19	rose	rise	VERB
epaa-580	58	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	58	21	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	58	22	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	58	23	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	58	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	58	25	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	58	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	58	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	59	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	59	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	59	3	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	59	4	proposals	proposal	NOUN
epaa-580	59	5	get	get	VERB
epaa-580	59	6	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	59	7	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	59	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	59	9	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	59	10	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	59	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	59	12	opposition	opposition	NOUN
epaa-580	59	13	-as	-as	ADP
epaa-580	59	14	witnessed	witness	VERB
epaa-580	59	15	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	59	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	59	17	opposition	opposition	NOUN
epaa-580	59	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	59	19	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	59	20	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-580	59	21	after	after	SCONJ
epaa-580	59	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	59	23	proposed	propose	VERB
epaa-580	59	24	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	59	25	plan	plan	NOUN
epaa-580	59	26	got	get	VERB
epaa-580	59	27	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	59	28	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	59	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	59	30	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-580	59	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	59	32	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	59	33	respect	respect	NOUN
epaa-580	59	34	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	59	35	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	59	36	languages	language	NOUN
epaa-580	59	37	the	the	DET
epaa-580	59	38	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	59	39	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	59	40	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	59	41	administered	administer	VERB
epaa-580	59	42	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	59	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	59	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	60	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	60	2	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	60	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	60	4	noted	note	VERB
epaa-580	60	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	60	6	front	front	ADJ
epaa-580	60	7	line	line	NOUN
epaa-580	60	8	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	60	9	-those	-those	PROPN
epaa-580	60	10	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	60	11	might	might	AUX
epaa-580	60	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	60	13	most	most	ADV
epaa-580	60	14	informed	inform	VERB
epaa-580	60	15	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	60	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	60	17	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-580	60	18	value	value	NOUN
epaa-580	60	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	60	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	60	21	proposed	propose	VERB
epaa-580	60	22	voluntary	voluntary	ADJ
epaa-580	60	23	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	60	24	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	60	25	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	60	26	far	far	ADV
epaa-580	60	27	less	less	ADV
epaa-580	60	28	favorable	favorable	ADJ
epaa-580	60	29	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	60	30	the	the	DET
epaa-580	60	31	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	60	32	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	60	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	61	1	langdon	langdon	PROPN
epaa-580	61	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	61	3	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	61	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	61	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	61	6	reporting	report	VERB
epaa-580	61	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	61	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	61	9	pdk	pdk	NOUN
epaa-580	61	10	poll	poll	NOUN
epaa-580	61	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	61	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	61	13	found	find	VERB
epaa-580	61	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	61	15	69	69	NUM
epaa-580	61	16	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	61	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	61	18	opposed	oppose	VERB
epaa-580	61	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	61	20	clinton	clinton	PROPN
epaa-580	61	21	's	's	PART
epaa-580	61	22	proposal	proposal	NOUN
epaa-580	61	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	62	1	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	62	2	specialists	specialist	NOUN
epaa-580	62	3	might	might	AUX
epaa-580	62	4	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	62	5	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	62	6	a	a	DET
epaa-580	62	7	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-580	62	8	claim	claim	NOUN
epaa-580	62	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	62	10	being	be	AUX
epaa-580	62	11	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	62	12	informed	informed	ADJ
epaa-580	62	13	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	62	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	62	15	politicians	politician	NOUN
epaa-580	62	16	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	62	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	62	18	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	62	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	63	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	63	2	comments	comment	NOUN
epaa-580	63	3	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	63	4	appeared	appear	VERB
epaa-580	63	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	63	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	63	7	division	division	NOUN
epaa-580	63	8	d	d	PROPN
epaa-580	63	9	listserve	listserve	NOUN
epaa-580	63	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	63	11	http://aera.net/resource/	http://aera.net/resource/	NOUN
epaa-580	63	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	63	13	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	63	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	63	15	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	63	16	are	be	VERB
epaa-580	63	17	far	far	ADV
epaa-580	63	18	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	63	19	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	63	20	views	view	NOUN
epaa-580	63	21	among	among	ADP
epaa-580	63	22	listserve	listserve	NOUN
epaa-580	63	23	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-580	63	24	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	63	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	63	26	value	value	NOUN
epaa-580	63	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	63	28	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	63	29	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	63	30	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-580	63	31	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	63	32	are	be	VERB
epaa-580	63	33	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	63	34	views	view	NOUN
epaa-580	63	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	64	1	b.	b.	NOUN
epaa-580	64	2	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
epaa-580	64	3	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	64	4	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
epaa-580	64	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	64	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	64	7	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	64	8	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	64	9	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	64	10	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
epaa-580	64	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	64	12	at	at	ADV
epaa-580	64	13	least	least	ADV
epaa-580	64	14	fourteen	fourteen	NUM
epaa-580	64	15	years	year	NOUN
epaa-580	64	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	65	1	as	as	ADV
epaa-580	65	2	early	early	ADV
epaa-580	65	3	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	65	4	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-580	65	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	65	6	frank	frank	PROPN
epaa-580	65	7	womer	womer	PROPN
epaa-580	65	8	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	65	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	65	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	65	11	clearly	clearly	ADV
epaa-580	65	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	65	13	action	action	NOUN
epaa-580	65	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	65	15	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	65	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	65	17	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	65	18	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	65	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	65	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	65	21	departments	department	NOUN
epaa-580	65	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	65	23	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	65	24	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	65	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	65	26	womer	womer	PROPN
epaa-580	65	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	65	28	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-580	65	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	65	30	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	65	31	3	3	NUM
epaa-580	65	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	65	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	66	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	66	2	identifying	identify	VERB
epaa-580	66	3	reasons	reason	NOUN
epaa-580	66	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	66	5	this	this	PRON
epaa-580	66	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	66	7	womer	womer	PROPN
epaa-580	66	8	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	66	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	66	10	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	66	11	4	4	NUM
epaa-580	66	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	66	13	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	66	14	lay	lay	NOUN
epaa-580	66	15	persons	person	NOUN
epaa-580	66	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	66	17	legislators	legislator	NOUN
epaa-580	66	18	who	who	PRON
epaa-580	66	19	control	control	VERB
epaa-580	66	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	66	21	see	see	VERB
epaa-580	66	22	testingassessment	testingassessment	NOUN
epaa-580	66	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	66	24	a	a	DET
epaa-580	66	25	panacea	panacea	NOUN
epaa-580	66	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	66	27	solving	solve	VERB
epaa-580	66	28	our	our	PRON
epaa-580	66	29	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-580	66	30	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	66	31	excellence	excellence	NOUN
epaa-580	66	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	66	33	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	66	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	66	35	womer	womer	PROPN
epaa-580	66	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	66	37	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-580	66	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	66	39	p.3	p.3	NOUN
epaa-580	66	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	66	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	67	1	anderson	anderson	PROPN
epaa-580	67	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	67	3	pipho	pipho	NOUN
epaa-580	67	4	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	67	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	67	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	67	7	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-580	67	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	67	9	40	40	NUM
epaa-580	67	10	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	67	11	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	67	12	actively	actively	ADV
epaa-580	67	13	pursuing	pursue	VERB
epaa-580	67	14	some	some	DET
epaa-580	67	15	form	form	NOUN
epaa-580	67	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	67	17	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-580	67	18	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-580	67	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	67	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	67	21	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-580	67	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	67	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	68	1	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	68	2	course	course	NOUN
epaa-580	68	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	68	4	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	68	5	turned	turn	VERB
epaa-580	68	6	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	68	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	68	8	these	these	DET
epaa-580	68	9	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-580	68	10	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-580	68	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	68	12	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	68	13	not	not	PART
epaa-580	68	14	a	a	DET
epaa-580	68	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	68	16	panacea	panacea	NOUN
epaa-580	68	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	68	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	68	19	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-580	68	20	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	68	21	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	68	22	excellence	excellence	NOUN
epaa-580	68	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	68	24	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-580	68	25	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	68	26	exists	exist	VERB
epaa-580	68	27	some	some	DET
epaa-580	68	28	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-580	68	29	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	68	30	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	68	31	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	68	32	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	68	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	68	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	68	35	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	68	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	68	37	a	a	DET
epaa-580	68	38	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	68	39	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	68	40	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	68	41	force	force	NOUN
epaa-580	68	42	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	68	43	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	68	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	69	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	69	2	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	69	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	69	4	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	69	5	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	69	6	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	69	7	a	a	DET
epaa-580	69	8	change	change	NOUN
epaa-580	69	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	69	10	testing	test	VERB
epaa-580	69	11	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	69	12	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	69	13	called	call	VERB
epaa-580	69	14	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-580	69	15	competencies	competency	NOUN
epaa-580	69	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	69	17	testing	test	VERB
epaa-580	69	18	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	69	19	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	69	20	might	might	AUX
epaa-580	69	21	now	now	ADV
epaa-580	69	22	call	call	VERB
epaa-580	69	23	world	world	NOUN
epaa-580	69	24	class	class	NOUN
epaa-580	69	25	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	69	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	70	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	70	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	70	3	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	70	4	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	70	5	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	70	6	a	a	DET
epaa-580	70	7	bit	bit	NOUN
epaa-580	70	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	70	9	a	a	DET
epaa-580	70	10	change	change	NOUN
epaa-580	70	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	70	12	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	70	13	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	70	14	assess	assess	VERB
epaa-580	70	15	-with	-with	PROPN
epaa-580	70	16	a	a	DET
epaa-580	70	17	movement	movement	NOUN
epaa-580	70	18	away	away	ADV
epaa-580	70	19	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	70	20	sole	sole	ADJ
epaa-580	70	21	reliance	reliance	NOUN
epaa-580	70	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	70	23	multiplechoice	multiplechoice	NOUN
epaa-580	70	24	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	70	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	70	26	the	the	DET
epaa-580	70	27	use	use	NOUN
epaa-580	70	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	70	29	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-580	70	30	forms	form	NOUN
epaa-580	70	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	70	32	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	70	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	71	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	71	2	most	most	ADV
epaa-580	71	3	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-580	71	4	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-580	71	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	71	6	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-580	71	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	71	8	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-580	71	9	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	71	10	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	71	11	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	71	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	71	13	roeber	roeber	PROPN
epaa-580	71	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	71	15	bond	bond	NOUN
epaa-580	71	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	71	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	71	18	braskamp	braskamp	NOUN
epaa-580	71	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	71	20	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	71	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	71	22	reveals	reveal	VERB
epaa-580	71	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	71	24	46	46	NUM
epaa-580	71	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	71	26	the	the	DET
epaa-580	71	27	50	50	NUM
epaa-580	71	28	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	71	29	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	71	30	some	some	DET
epaa-580	71	31	type	type	NOUN
epaa-580	71	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	71	33	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-580	71	34	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	71	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	72	1	c.	c.	NOUN
epaa-580	72	2	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	72	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	72	4	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	72	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	72	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	72	7	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	72	8	programs	program	VERB
epaa-580	72	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	72	10	two	two	NUM
epaa-580	72	11	most	most	ADV
epaa-580	72	12	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-580	72	13	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	72	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	72	15	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	72	16	according	accord	VERB
epaa-580	72	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	72	18	respondents	respondent	NOUN
epaa-580	72	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	72	20	a	a	DET
epaa-580	72	21	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-580	72	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	72	23	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	72	24	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	72	25	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	72	26	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	72	27	the	the	DET
epaa-580	72	28	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	72	29	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	72	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	72	31	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	72	32	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	72	33	-which	-which	NOUN
epaa-580	72	34	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	72	35	mentioned	mention	VERB
epaa-580	72	36	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	72	37	43	43	NUM
epaa-580	72	38	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	72	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	72	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	72	41	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	72	42	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	72	43	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	72	44	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	72	45	-mentioned	-mentione	VERB
epaa-580	72	46	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	72	47	38	38	NUM
epaa-580	72	48	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	72	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	1	some	some	DET
epaa-580	73	2	other	other	ADJ
epaa-580	73	3	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	73	4	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	73	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	6	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	73	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	73	8	order	order	NOUN
epaa-580	73	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	73	10	number	number	NOUN
epaa-580	73	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	73	12	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	73	13	mentioning	mention	VERB
epaa-580	73	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	73	15	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	73	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	17	include	include	VERB
epaa-580	73	18	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	73	19	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	73	20	reporting	reporting	NOUN
epaa-580	73	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	22	33	33	NUM
epaa-580	73	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	25	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	73	26	diagnosis	diagnosis	NOUN
epaa-580	73	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	28	27	27	NUM
epaa-580	73	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	31	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	73	32	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	73	33	exit	exit	NOUN
epaa-580	73	34	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-580	73	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	36	17	17	NUM
epaa-580	73	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	73	40	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	73	41	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-580	73	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	43	11	11	NUM
epaa-580	73	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	73	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	74	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	74	2	roeber	roeber	INTJ
epaa-580	74	3	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	74	4	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	74	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	74	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	74	7	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	74	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	74	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	75	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	75	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	75	3	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	75	4	experts	expert	NOUN
epaa-580	75	5	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	75	6	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	75	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	75	8	some	some	DET
epaa-580	75	9	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	75	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	75	11	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	75	12	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	75	13	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	75	14	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-580	75	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	75	16	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	75	17	advancement	advancement	NOUN
epaa-580	75	18	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	75	19	look	look	VERB
epaa-580	75	20	very	very	ADV
epaa-580	75	21	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	75	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	75	23	those	those	PRON
epaa-580	75	24	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	75	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	75	26	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	75	27	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	75	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	75	29	anderson	anderson	PROPN
epaa-580	75	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	75	31	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-580	75	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	75	33	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	75	34	24	24	NUM
epaa-580	75	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	75	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	75	37	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	75	38	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	75	39	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	75	40	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	75	41	intended	intended	ADJ
epaa-580	75	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	75	43	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-580	75	44	impacts	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	75	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	76	1	likewise	likewise	ADV
epaa-580	76	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	76	3	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	76	4	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	76	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	76	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	76	7	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	76	8	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-580	76	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	76	10	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-580	76	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	76	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	76	13	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-580	76	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	76	15	merit	merit	NOUN
epaa-580	76	16	pay	pay	NOUN
epaa-580	76	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	76	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	76	19	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	76	20	to	to	PART
epaa-580	76	21	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	76	22	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	76	23	impacts	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	76	24	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	76	25	those	those	PRON
epaa-580	76	26	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	76	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	76	28	low	low	ADJ
epaa-580	76	29	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	76	30	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-580	76	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	76	32	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-580	76	33	planning	plan	VERB
epaa-580	76	34	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	76	35	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	76	36	interventions	intervention	NOUN
epaa-580	76	37	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	76	38	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-580	76	39	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	76	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	76	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	77	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	77	2	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	77	3	not	not	PART
epaa-580	77	4	always	always	ADV
epaa-580	77	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	77	6	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-580	77	7	to	to	PART
epaa-580	77	8	keep	keep	VERB
epaa-580	77	9	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	77	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	77	11	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	77	12	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	77	13	separated	separate	VERB
epaa-580	77	14	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	77	15	discussing	discuss	VERB
epaa-580	77	16	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	77	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	78	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	78	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	78	3	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	78	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	78	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	78	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	78	7	conjecture	conjecture	VERB
epaa-580	78	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	78	9	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	78	10	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	78	11	applies	apply	VERB
epaa-580	78	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	78	13	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	78	14	a	a	DET
epaa-580	78	15	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	78	16	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	78	17	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	78	18	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	78	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	78	20	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	78	21	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	78	22	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	78	23	try	try	VERB
epaa-580	78	24	to	to	PART
epaa-580	78	25	make	make	VERB
epaa-580	78	26	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	78	27	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-580	78	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	79	1	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	79	2	format	format	PROPN
epaa-580	79	3	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	79	4	a	a	DET
epaa-580	79	5	fairly	fairly	ADV
epaa-580	79	6	hot	hot	ADJ
epaa-580	79	7	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	79	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	79	9	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-580	79	10	years	year	NOUN
epaa-580	79	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	79	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	79	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	79	14	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	79	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	79	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	79	17	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	79	18	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	79	19	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-580	79	20	depending	depend	VERB
epaa-580	79	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	79	22	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	79	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	79	24	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	79	25	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	79	26	using	use	VERB
epaa-580	79	27	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	79	28	formats	format	NOUN
epaa-580	79	29	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	79	30	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	79	31	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	79	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	80	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	80	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	80	3	roeber	roeber	PROPN
epaa-580	80	4	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	80	5	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	80	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	80	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	80	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	80	9	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	80	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	80	11	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-580	80	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	80	13	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	80	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	80	15	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	80	16	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	80	17	items	item	NOUN
epaa-580	80	18	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	80	19	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	80	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	80	21	41	41	NUM
epaa-580	80	22	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	80	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	80	24	extended	extended	ADJ
epaa-580	80	25	response	response	NOUN
epaa-580	80	26	item	item	NOUN
epaa-580	80	27	types	type	NOUN
epaa-580	80	28	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	80	29	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	80	30	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	80	31	36	36	NUM
epaa-580	80	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	80	33	short	short	ADJ
epaa-580	80	34	written	write	VERB
epaa-580	80	35	response	response	NOUN
epaa-580	80	36	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	80	37	24	24	NUM
epaa-580	80	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	80	39	examples	example	NOUN
epaa-580	80	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	80	41	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	80	42	work	work	NOUN
epaa-580	80	43	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	80	44	10	10	NUM
epaa-580	80	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	80	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	80	47	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	80	48	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	80	49	labeled	label	VERB
epaa-580	80	50	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	80	51	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	80	52	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	80	53	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	80	54	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	80	55	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	80	56	9	9	NUM
epaa-580	80	57	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	80	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	81	1	four	four	NUM
epaa-580	81	2	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	81	3	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	81	4	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	81	5	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	81	6	termed	term	VERB
epaa-580	81	7	projects	project	NOUN
epaa-580	81	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	82	1	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	82	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	82	3	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-580	82	4	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	82	5	claimed	claim	VERB
epaa-580	82	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	82	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	82	8	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	82	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	82	10	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	82	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	82	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	82	13	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	82	14	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	82	15	come	come	VERB
epaa-580	82	16	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	82	17	such	such	DET
epaa-580	82	18	a	a	DET
epaa-580	82	19	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	82	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	82	21	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	82	22	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	82	23	come	come	VERB
epaa-580	82	24	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	82	25	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	82	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	82	27	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	82	28	formats	format	NOUN
epaa-580	82	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	83	1	others	other	NOUN
epaa-580	83	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	83	3	like	like	ADP
epaa-580	83	4	me	i	PRON
epaa-580	83	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	83	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	83	7	less	less	ADV
epaa-580	83	8	sure	sure	ADJ
epaa-580	83	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	83	10	either	either	PRON
epaa-580	83	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	83	12	these	these	DET
epaa-580	83	13	positions	position	NOUN
epaa-580	83	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	84	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	84	2	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	84	3	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	84	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	84	5	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	84	6	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	84	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	84	8	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	84	9	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	84	10	not	not	PART
epaa-580	84	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	84	12	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-580	84	13	to	to	PART
epaa-580	84	14	always	always	ADV
epaa-580	84	15	keep	keep	VERB
epaa-580	84	16	these	these	DET
epaa-580	84	17	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	84	18	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	84	19	separated	separate	VERB
epaa-580	84	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	84	21	this	this	DET
epaa-580	84	22	presentation	presentation	NOUN
epaa-580	84	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	84	24	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	84	25	attempts	attempt	NOUN
epaa-580	84	26	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	84	27	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	84	28	made	make	VERB
epaa-580	84	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	85	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	85	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	85	3	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-580	85	4	years	year	NOUN
epaa-580	85	5	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	85	6	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	85	7	claims	claim	NOUN
epaa-580	85	8	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	85	9	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	85	10	made	make	VERB
epaa-580	85	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	85	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	85	13	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	85	14	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	85	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	85	16	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	85	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	85	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	85	19	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-580	85	20	attempts	attempt	NOUN
epaa-580	85	21	to	to	PART
epaa-580	85	22	gather	gather	VERB
epaa-580	85	23	consequential	consequential	ADJ
epaa-580	85	24	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	85	25	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	85	26	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	85	27	5	5	NUM
epaa-580	85	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	85	29	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	85	30	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	85	31	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	85	32	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	85	33	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	85	34	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	85	35	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	85	36	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	85	37	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	85	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	86	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	86	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	86	3	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	86	4	tend	tend	VERB
epaa-580	86	5	to	to	PART
epaa-580	86	6	agree	agree	VERB
epaa-580	86	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	86	8	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-580	86	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	86	10	madaus	madaus	PROPN
epaa-580	86	11	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	86	12	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	86	13	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	86	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	86	15	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	86	16	what	what	DET
epaa-580	86	17	technology	technology	NOUN
epaa-580	86	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	86	19	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	86	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	86	21	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	86	22	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-580	86	23	makes	make	VERB
epaa-580	86	24	far	far	ADV
epaa-580	86	25	less	less	ADJ
epaa-580	86	26	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-580	86	27	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	86	28	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	86	29	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	86	30	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	86	31	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	86	32	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	86	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	86	34	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-580	86	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	86	36	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	86	37	687	687	NUM
epaa-580	86	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	86	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	87	1	iii	iii	X
epaa-580	87	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	87	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	87	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	87	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	87	6	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	87	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	87	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	87	9	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	87	10	lane	lane	PROPN
epaa-580	87	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	87	12	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	87	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	87	14	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-580	87	15	a	a	DET
epaa-580	87	16	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
epaa-580	87	17	framework	framework	NOUN
epaa-580	87	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	87	19	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-580	87	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	87	21	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	87	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	87	23	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	87	24	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	87	25	-concentrating	-concentrate	VERB
epaa-580	87	26	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-580	87	27	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	87	28	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	87	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	87	30	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	87	31	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	87	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	88	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-580	88	2	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	88	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	88	4	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-580	88	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	88	6	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	88	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	88	8	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	88	9	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	88	10	need	need	VERB
epaa-580	88	11	to	to	PART
epaa-580	88	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	88	13	addressed	address	VERB
epaa-580	88	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	88	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	88	16	one	one	PRON
epaa-580	88	17	needs	need	VERB
epaa-580	88	18	to	to	PART
epaa-580	88	19	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-580	88	20	both	both	PRON
epaa-580	88	21	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-580	88	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	88	23	plausible	plausible	ADJ
epaa-580	88	24	unintended	unintended	ADJ
epaa-580	88	25	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	88	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	89	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	89	2	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	89	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	89	4	this	this	DET
epaa-580	89	5	presentation	presentation	NOUN
epaa-580	89	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	89	7	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	89	8	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	89	9	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-580	89	10	some	some	DET
epaa-580	89	11	major	major	ADJ
epaa-580	89	12	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-580	89	13	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-580	89	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	89	15	dangers	danger	NOUN
epaa-580	89	16	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	89	17	follows	follow	VERB
epaa-580	89	18	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	89	19	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-580	89	20	curricular	curricular	NOUN
epaa-580	89	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	89	22	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	89	23	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	89	24	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	89	25	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	89	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	89	27	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	89	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	89	29	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	89	30	nonexistent	nonexistent	ADJ
epaa-580	89	31	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	90	1	b.	b.	NOUN
epaa-580	90	2	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-580	90	3	/	/	SYM
epaa-580	90	4	morale	morale	NOUN
epaa-580	90	5	/	/	SYM
epaa-580	90	6	stress	stress	NOUN
epaa-580	90	7	/	/	SYM
epaa-580	90	8	ethical	ethical	ADJ
epaa-580	90	9	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-580	90	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	90	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	90	12	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	90	13	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	90	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	90	15	decrease	decrease	NOUN
epaa-580	90	16	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	91	1	c.	c.	NOUN
epaa-580	91	2	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-580	91	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	91	4	self	self	NOUN
epaa-580	91	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	91	6	concepts	concept	NOUN
epaa-580	91	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	91	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	91	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	91	10	up	up	ADV
epaa-580	91	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	91	12	down	down	ADV
epaa-580	91	13	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	92	1	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	92	2	true	true	ADJ
epaa-580	92	3	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	92	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	92	5	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	92	6	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	92	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	92	8	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	92	9	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	92	10	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	92	11	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	92	12	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	92	13	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	93	1	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	93	2	restore	restore	VERB
epaa-580	93	3	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	93	4	confidence	confidence	NOUN
epaa-580	93	5	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	93	6	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-580	93	7	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	93	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	93	9	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-580	93	10	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	94	1	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	94	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	94	3	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	94	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	94	5	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
epaa-580	94	6	sketchy	sketchy	ADJ
epaa-580	94	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	94	8	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	94	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	94	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	94	11	lansing	lansing	PROPN
epaa-580	94	12	state	state	PROPN
epaa-580	94	13	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-580	94	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	94	15	did	do	AUX
epaa-580	94	16	report	report	VERB
epaa-580	94	17	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	94	18	result	result	NOUN
epaa-580	94	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	94	20	big	big	ADJ
epaa-580	94	21	headlines	headline	NOUN
epaa-580	94	22	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	94	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	94	24	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	94	25	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	94	26	make	make	VERB
epaa-580	94	27	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	94	28	chief	chief	NOUN
epaa-580	94	29	smile	smile	NOUN
epaa-580	94	30	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	94	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	94	32	mayes	mayes	PROPN
epaa-580	94	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	94	34	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	94	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	94	36	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	94	37	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	94	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	94	39	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	94	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	94	41	you	you	PRON
epaa-580	94	42	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	94	43	seen	see	VERB
epaa-580	94	44	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	94	45	headlines	headline	NOUN
epaa-580	94	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	94	47	your	your	PRON
epaa-580	94	48	own	own	ADJ
epaa-580	94	49	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	94	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	95	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	95	2	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	95	3	go	go	VERB
epaa-580	95	4	up	up	ADP
epaa-580	95	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	95	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	95	7	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-580	95	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	95	9	happy	happy	ADJ
epaa-580	95	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	95	11	act	act	VERB
epaa-580	95	12	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	95	13	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	95	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	95	15	means	mean	VERB
epaa-580	95	16	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	95	17	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	95	18	gone	go	VERB
epaa-580	95	19	up	up	ADP
epaa-580	95	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	96	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	96	2	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	96	3	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	96	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	96	5	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	96	6	note	note	VERB
epaa-580	96	7	well	well	ADV
epaa-580	96	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	96	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	96	10	consequence	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	96	11	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	96	12	am	be	AUX
epaa-580	96	13	reporting	report	VERB
epaa-580	96	14	here	here	ADV
epaa-580	96	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	96	16	tongue	tongue	NOUN
epaa-580	96	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	96	18	cheek	cheek	NOUN
epaa-580	96	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	96	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	96	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	96	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	96	23	superintendent	superintendent	NOUN
epaa-580	96	24	smiled	smile	VERB
epaa-580	96	25	-not	-not	PUNCT
epaa-580	96	26	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	96	27	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	96	28	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	96	29	improved	improve	VERB
epaa-580	96	30	!	!	PUNCT
epaa-580	97	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	97	2	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	97	3	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	97	4	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	97	5	much	much	ADV
epaa-580	97	6	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	97	7	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
epaa-580	97	8	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	97	9	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	97	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	97	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	97	12	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	97	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	97	14	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	97	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	97	16	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	97	17	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	97	18	often	often	ADV
epaa-580	97	19	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	97	20	debates	debate	NOUN
epaa-580	97	21	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
epaa-580	97	22	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	97	23	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	97	24	side	side	NOUN
epaa-580	97	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	97	26	the	the	DET
epaa-580	97	27	other	other	ADJ
epaa-580	97	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	97	29	the	the	DET
epaa-580	97	30	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	97	31	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	97	32	coin	coin	NOUN
epaa-580	97	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	97	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	97	35	madaus	madau	NOUN
epaa-580	97	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	97	37	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	97	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	97	39	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	97	40	228	228	NUM
epaa-580	97	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	97	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	98	1	baker	baker	PROPN
epaa-580	98	2	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	98	3	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	98	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	98	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	98	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	98	7	an	an	DET
epaa-580	98	8	article	article	NOUN
epaa-580	98	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	98	10	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	98	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	98	12	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	98	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	98	14	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	98	15	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	98	16	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	98	17	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	98	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	98	19	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	98	20	less	less	ADJ
epaa-580	98	21	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	98	22	5	5	NUM
epaa-580	98	23	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	98	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	98	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	98	26	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-580	98	27	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-580	98	28	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-580	98	29	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	98	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	98	31	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	99	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	99	2	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-580	99	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	99	4	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	99	5	1213	1213	NUM
epaa-580	99	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	99	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	100	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	100	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	100	3	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	100	4	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	100	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	100	6	most	most	ADJ
epaa-580	100	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	100	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	100	9	arguments	argument	NOUN
epaa-580	100	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	100	11	favor	favor	NOUN
epaa-580	100	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	100	13	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	100	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	100	15	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	100	16	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	100	17	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	100	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	100	19	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	100	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	100	21	single	single	ADJ
epaa-580	100	22	instances	instance	NOUN
epaa-580	100	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	100	24	essentially	essentially	ADV
epaa-580	100	25	hand	hand	NOUN
epaa-580	100	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	100	27	crafted	craft	VERB
epaa-580	100	28	exercises	exercise	NOUN
epaa-580	100	29	whose	whose	DET
epaa-580	100	30	virtues	virtue	NOUN
epaa-580	100	31	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	100	32	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-580	100	33	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	100	34	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	100	35	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	100	36	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	100	37	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-580	100	38	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	100	39	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	100	40	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	100	41	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	100	42	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	100	43	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	100	44	thought	think	VERB
epaa-580	100	45	to	to	PART
epaa-580	100	46	model	model	VERB
epaa-580	100	47	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	100	48	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	100	49	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	100	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	101	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	101	2	baker	baker	PROPN
epaa-580	101	3	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	101	4	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	101	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	101	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	101	7	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-580	101	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	101	9	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	101	10	1211	1211	NUM
epaa-580	101	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	101	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	102	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	102	2	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	102	3	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-580	102	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	102	5	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	102	6	baker	baker	PROPN
epaa-580	102	7	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	102	8	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	102	9	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	102	10	did	do	VERB
epaa-580	102	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	102	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	102	13	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	102	14	a	a	DET
epaa-580	102	15	better	well	ADJ
epaa-580	102	16	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	102	17	base	base	NOUN
epaa-580	102	18	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	102	19	needed	need	VERB
epaa-580	102	20	to	to	PART
epaa-580	102	21	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
epaa-580	102	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	102	23	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-580	102	24	to	to	PART
epaa-580	102	25	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	102	26	newly	newly	ADV
epaa-580	102	27	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-580	102	28	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	102	29	fulfill	fulfill	NOUN
epaa-580	102	30	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-580	102	31	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	102	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	102	33	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-580	102	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	102	35	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	102	36	1216	1216	NUM
epaa-580	102	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	102	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	103	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	103	2	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	103	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	103	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	103	5	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-580	103	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	103	7	long	long	ADJ
epaa-580	103	8	history	history	NOUN
epaa-580	103	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	103	10	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	103	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	103	12	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	103	13	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	103	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	103	15	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-580	103	16	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	103	17	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	103	18	its	its	PRON
epaa-580	103	19	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	103	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	103	21	surprising	surprising	ADJ
epaa-580	103	22	sparse	sparse	ADJ
epaa-580	103	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	103	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	103	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	103	26	little	little	ADJ
epaa-580	103	27	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	103	28	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	103	29	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	103	30	available	available	ADJ
epaa-580	103	31	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	103	32	not	not	PART
epaa-580	103	33	encouraging	encouraging	ADJ
epaa-580	103	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	104	1	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	105	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	105	2	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	105	3	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	105	4	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	105	5	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-580	105	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	105	7	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-580	105	8	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	105	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	105	10	often	often	ADV
epaa-580	105	11	not	not	PART
epaa-580	105	12	substantiated	substantiate	VERB
epaa-580	105	13	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	105	14	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-580	105	15	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	105	16	....	....	PUNCT
epaa-580	106	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	106	2	koretz	koretz	VERB
epaa-580	106	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	106	4	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	106	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	106	6	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	106	7	172	172	NUM
epaa-580	106	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	106	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	106	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	107	1	reckase	reckase	NOUN
epaa-580	107	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	107	3	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	107	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	107	5	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	107	6	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	107	7	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	107	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	107	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	107	10	logical	logical	ADJ
epaa-580	107	11	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-580	107	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	107	13	obtaining	obtain	VERB
epaa-580	107	14	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	107	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	107	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	107	17	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	107	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	107	19	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	107	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	108	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	108	2	definition	definition	NOUN
epaa-580	108	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	108	4	a	a	DET
epaa-580	108	5	consequence	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	108	6	implies	imply	VERB
epaa-580	108	7	a	a	DET
epaa-580	108	8	cause	cause	NOUN
epaa-580	108	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	108	10	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	108	11	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-580	108	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	108	13	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	108	14	most	most	ADJ
epaa-580	108	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	108	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	108	17	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	108	18	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	108	19	not	not	PART
epaa-580	108	20	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	108	21	gathered	gather	VERB
epaa-580	108	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	108	23	a	a	DET
epaa-580	108	24	manner	manner	NOUN
epaa-580	108	25	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	108	26	permits	permit	VERB
epaa-580	108	27	a	a	DET
epaa-580	108	28	scholar	scholar	NOUN
epaa-580	108	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	108	30	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	108	31	anyone	anyone	PRON
epaa-580	108	32	else	else	ADV
epaa-580	108	33	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	108	34	common	common	ADJ
epaa-580	108	35	sense	sense	NOUN
epaa-580	108	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	108	37	to	to	PART
epaa-580	108	38	draw	draw	VERB
epaa-580	108	39	a	a	DET
epaa-580	108	40	causative	causative	ADJ
epaa-580	108	41	inference	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	108	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	109	1	6	6	NUM
epaa-580	109	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	109	3	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	109	4	green	green	ADJ
epaa-580	109	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	109	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	109	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	109	8	mentioned	mention	VERB
epaa-580	109	9	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	109	10	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-580	109	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	109	12	doing	do	VERB
epaa-580	109	13	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	109	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	109	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	109	16	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	109	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	109	18	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	109	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	110	1	among	among	ADP
epaa-580	110	2	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	110	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	110	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	110	5	few	few	ADJ
epaa-580	110	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	110	7	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-580	110	8	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	110	9	welcome	welcome	VERB
epaa-580	110	10	reports	report	NOUN
epaa-580	110	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	110	12	unanticipated	unanticipated	ADJ
epaa-580	110	13	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	110	14	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	110	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	110	16	so	so	SCONJ
epaa-580	110	17	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
epaa-580	110	18	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	110	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	110	20	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-580	110	21	to	to	PART
epaa-580	110	22	obtain	obtain	VERB
epaa-580	110	23	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	110	24	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	110	25	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	110	26	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	110	27	disagreements	disagreement	NOUN
epaa-580	110	28	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	110	29	the	the	DET
epaa-580	110	30	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-580	110	31	criterion	criterion	NOUN
epaa-580	110	32	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-580	110	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	110	34	the	the	DET
epaa-580	110	35	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	110	36	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	110	37	cause	cause	NOUN
epaa-580	110	38	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	110	39	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	110	40	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	110	41	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	110	42	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	110	43	disputed	dispute	VERB
epaa-580	110	44	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	110	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	110	46	much	much	ADJ
epaa-580	110	47	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	110	48	the	the	DET
epaa-580	110	49	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	110	50	undertaken	undertake	VERB
epaa-580	110	51	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	110	52	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	110	53	to	to	PART
epaa-580	110	54	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	110	55	undertaken	undertake	VERB
epaa-580	110	56	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	110	57	those	those	PRON
epaa-580	110	58	trying	try	VERB
epaa-580	110	59	to	to	PART
epaa-580	110	60	prove	prove	VERB
epaa-580	110	61	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	110	62	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	110	63	exists	exist	VERB
epaa-580	110	64	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	110	65	inferior	inferior	ADJ
epaa-580	110	66	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	110	67	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	110	68	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	110	69	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	110	70	better	well	ADJ
epaa-580	110	71	idea	idea	NOUN
epaa-580	110	72	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	111	1	much	much	ADJ
epaa-580	111	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	111	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	111	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	111	5	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	111	6	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	111	7	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	111	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	111	9	survey	survey	NOUN
epaa-580	111	10	information	information	NOUN
epaa-580	111	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	111	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	111	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	111	14	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-580	111	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	111	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	111	17	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	111	18	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	111	19	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-580	111	20	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	111	21	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	111	22	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	111	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	111	24	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	111	25	observations	observation	NOUN
epaa-580	111	26	might	might	AUX
epaa-580	111	27	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	111	28	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	111	29	compelling	compelling	ADJ
epaa-580	111	30	information	information	NOUN
epaa-580	111	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	111	32	see	see	VERB
epaa-580	111	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	111	34	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	111	35	example	example	NOUN
epaa-580	111	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	111	37	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	111	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	111	39	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-580	111	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	111	41	pomplun	pomplun	NOUN
epaa-580	111	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	111	43	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	111	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	111	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	112	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	112	2	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	112	3	mcdonnell	mcdonnell	PROPN
epaa-580	112	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	112	5	choisser	choisser	PROPN
epaa-580	112	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	112	7	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	112	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	112	9	employed	employ	VERB
epaa-580	112	10	three	three	NUM
epaa-580	112	11	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	112	12	sources	source	NOUN
epaa-580	112	13	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	112	14	face	face	NOUN
epaa-580	112	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	112	16	face	face	NOUN
epaa-580	112	17	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-580	112	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	112	19	telephone	telephone	NOUN
epaa-580	112	20	interviews	interview	NOUN
epaa-580	112	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	112	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	112	23	assignments	assignment	NOUN
epaa-580	112	24	collected	collect	VERB
epaa-580	112	25	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	112	26	the	the	DET
epaa-580	112	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	112	28	along	along	ADV
epaa-580	112	29	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	112	30	a	a	DET
epaa-580	112	31	onepage	onepage	NOUN
epaa-580	112	32	log	log	NOUN
epaa-580	112	33	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	112	34	each	each	DET
epaa-580	112	35	day	day	NOUN
epaa-580	112	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	112	37	a	a	DET
epaa-580	112	38	two	two	NUM
epaa-580	112	39	week	week	NOUN
epaa-580	112	40	period	period	NOUN
epaa-580	112	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	113	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	113	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	113	3	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-580	113	4	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	113	5	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	113	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	113	7	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	113	8	artifacts	artifact	NOUN
epaa-580	113	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	113	10	a	a	DET
epaa-580	113	11	relatively	relatively	ADV
epaa-580	113	12	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	113	13	strategy	strategy	NOUN
epaa-580	113	14	--not	--not	ADV
epaa-580	113	15	likely	likely	ADV
epaa-580	113	16	as	as	ADV
epaa-580	113	17	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	113	18	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	113	19	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	113	20	observations	observation	NOUN
epaa-580	113	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	113	22	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	113	23	not	not	PART
epaa-580	113	24	as	as	ADV
epaa-580	113	25	expensive	expensive	ADJ
epaa-580	113	26	either	either	ADV
epaa-580	113	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	114	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-580	114	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	114	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	114	4	sketchy	sketchy	ADJ
epaa-580	114	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	114	6	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	114	7	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	114	8	some	some	PRON
epaa-580	114	9	!	!	PUNCT
epaa-580	115	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	115	2	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	115	3	discuss	discuss	VERB
epaa-580	115	4	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	115	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	115	6	under	under	ADP
epaa-580	115	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	115	8	headings	heading	NOUN
epaa-580	115	9	given	give	VERB
epaa-580	115	10	earlier	early	ADV
epaa-580	115	11	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	115	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	115	13	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-580	115	14	dangers	danger	NOUN
epaa-580	115	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	115	16	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-580	115	17	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-580	115	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	115	19	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	115	20	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	115	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	116	1	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-580	116	2	curricular	curricular	NOUN
epaa-580	116	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	116	4	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	116	5	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	116	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	116	7	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	116	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	116	9	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	116	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	116	11	nonexistent	nonexistent	ADJ
epaa-580	116	12	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	117	1	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-580	117	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	117	3	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	117	4	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	117	5	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-580	117	6	means	mean	VERB
epaa-580	117	7	changing	change	VERB
epaa-580	117	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	117	9	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	117	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	117	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	117	12	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	117	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	117	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	117	15	process	process	NOUN
epaa-580	117	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	117	17	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	117	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	118	1	not	not	PART
epaa-580	118	2	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-580	118	3	fitting	fitting	ADJ
epaa-580	118	4	either	either	ADV
epaa-580	118	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	118	6	those	those	DET
epaa-580	118	7	categories	category	NOUN
epaa-580	118	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	118	9	changing	change	VERB
epaa-580	118	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	118	11	length	length	NOUN
epaa-580	118	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	118	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	118	14	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	118	15	day	day	NOUN
epaa-580	118	16	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	118	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	118	18	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	118	19	year	year	NOUN
epaa-580	118	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	119	1	pipho	pipho	NOUN
epaa-580	119	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	119	3	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	119	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	119	5	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	119	6	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	119	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	119	8	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	119	9	change	change	NOUN
epaa-580	119	10	between	between	ADP
epaa-580	119	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	119	12	first	first	ADJ
epaa-580	119	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	119	14	second	second	ADJ
epaa-580	119	15	year	year	NOUN
epaa-580	119	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	119	17	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	119	18	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	119	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	119	20	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
epaa-580	119	21	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	119	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	119	23	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-580	119	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	119	25	summer	summer	NOUN
epaa-580	119	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	119	27	offerings	offering	NOUN
epaa-580	119	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	119	29	saturday	saturday	PROPN
epaa-580	119	30	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-580	119	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	119	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	119	33	afterschool	afterschool	VERB
epaa-580	119	34	remedial	remedial	ADJ
epaa-580	119	35	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	119	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	120	1	that	that	DET
epaa-580	120	2	kind	kind	NOUN
epaa-580	120	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	120	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	120	5	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	120	6	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	120	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	120	8	mentioned	mention	VERB
epaa-580	120	9	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	120	10	other	other	ADJ
epaa-580	120	11	places	place	NOUN
epaa-580	120	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	120	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	120	14	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-580	120	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	120	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	120	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	120	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	120	19	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	120	20	least	least	ADJ
epaa-580	120	21	arguably	arguably	ADV
epaa-580	120	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	120	23	a	a	DET
epaa-580	120	24	valuable	valuable	ADJ
epaa-580	120	25	consequence	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	120	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	121	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	121	2	respect	respect	NOUN
epaa-580	121	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	121	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	121	5	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	121	6	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-580	121	7	meanings	meaning	NOUN
epaa-580	121	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	121	9	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-580	121	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	121	11	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	121	12	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	121	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	121	14	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	121	15	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	121	16	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	121	17	commonly	commonly	ADV
epaa-580	121	18	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-580	121	19	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	121	20	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	121	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	121	22	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	121	23	least	least	ADJ
epaa-580	121	24	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	121	25	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	121	26	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	121	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	121	28	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	121	29	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-580	121	30	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	121	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	121	32	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	121	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	122	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	122	2	often	often	ADV
epaa-580	122	3	hears	hear	VERB
epaa-580	122	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	122	5	mantra	mantra	NOUN
epaa-580	122	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	122	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	122	8	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	122	9	you	you	PRON
epaa-580	122	10	test	test	VERB
epaa-580	122	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	122	12	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	122	13	you	you	PRON
epaa-580	122	14	get	get	VERB
epaa-580	122	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	122	16	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	123	1	taleporos	taleporos	PROPN
epaa-580	123	2	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	123	3	flatly	flatly	ADV
epaa-580	123	4	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	123	5	last	last	ADJ
epaa-580	123	6	year	year	NOUN
epaa-580	123	7	's	's	PART
epaa-580	123	8	aera	aera	NOUN
epaa-580	123	9	session	session	NOUN
epaa-580	123	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	123	11	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	123	12	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	123	13	all	all	PRON
epaa-580	123	14	know	know	VERB
epaa-580	123	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	123	16	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	123	17	you	you	PRON
epaa-580	123	18	test	test	VERB
epaa-580	123	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	123	20	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	123	21	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	123	22	gets	get	AUX
epaa-580	123	23	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-580	123	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	123	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	124	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	124	2	taleporos	taleporos	PROPN
epaa-580	124	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	124	4	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	124	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	124	6	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	124	7	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	124	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	124	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	125	1	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-580	125	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	125	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	125	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	125	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	125	6	a	a	DET
epaa-580	125	7	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	125	8	's	's	PART
epaa-580	125	9	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-580	125	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	125	11	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-580	125	12	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-580	125	13	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	125	14	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	125	15	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	125	16	process	process	NOUN
epaa-580	125	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	125	18	not	not	PART
epaa-580	125	19	totally	totally	ADV
epaa-580	125	20	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-580	125	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	126	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	126	2	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	126	3	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	126	4	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-580	126	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	126	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	126	7	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	126	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	127	1	porter	porter	NOUN
epaa-580	127	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	127	3	floden	floden	ADJ
epaa-580	127	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	127	5	freeman	freeman	NOUN
epaa-580	127	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	127	7	schmidt	schmidt	NOUN
epaa-580	127	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	127	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	127	10	schwille	schwille	NOUN
epaa-580	127	11	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	127	12	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	127	13	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	127	14	ten	ten	NUM
epaa-580	127	15	years	year	NOUN
epaa-580	127	16	ago	ago	ADV
epaa-580	127	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	127	18	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	127	19	another	another	DET
epaa-580	127	20	myth	myth	NOUN
epaa-580	127	21	exposed	expose	VERB
epaa-580	127	22	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	127	23	being	be	AUX
epaa-580	127	24	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	127	25	a	a	DET
epaa-580	127	26	half	half	NOUN
epaa-580	127	27	truth	truth	NOUN
epaa-580	127	28	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	127	29	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	127	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	127	31	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-580	127	32	topics	topic	NOUN
epaa-580	127	33	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	127	34	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	127	35	tested	test	VERB
epaa-580	127	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	128	1	little	little	ADJ
epaa-580	128	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	128	3	exists	exist	VERB
epaa-580	128	4	to	to	PART
epaa-580	128	5	support	support	VERB
epaa-580	128	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	128	7	supposition	supposition	NOUN
epaa-580	128	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	128	9	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	128	10	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-580	128	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	128	12	referenced	reference	VERB
epaa-580	128	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	128	14	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-580	128	15	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	128	16	administered	administer	VERB
epaa-580	128	17	once	once	ADV
epaa-580	128	18	a	a	DET
epaa-580	128	19	year	year	NOUN
epaa-580	128	20	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	128	21	any	any	DET
epaa-580	128	22	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	128	23	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-580	128	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	128	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	128	26	'	'	PART
epaa-580	128	27	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	128	28	decisions	decision	NOUN
epaa-580	128	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	129	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	129	2	porter	porter	NOUN
epaa-580	129	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	129	4	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	129	5	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	129	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	129	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	129	8	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-580	129	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	129	10	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	129	11	11	11	NUM
epaa-580	129	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	129	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	130	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	130	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	130	3	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	130	4	myth	myth	NOUN
epaa-580	130	5	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	130	6	persists	persist	VERB
epaa-580	130	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	131	1	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	131	2	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	131	3	a	a	DET
epaa-580	131	4	half	half	NOUN
epaa-580	131	5	truth	truth	NOUN
epaa-580	131	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	131	7	a	a	DET
epaa-580	131	8	full	full	ADJ
epaa-580	131	9	truth	truth	NOUN
epaa-580	131	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	131	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	131	12	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	131	13	wrong	wrong	ADJ
epaa-580	131	14	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	132	1	logic	logic	NOUN
epaa-580	132	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	132	3	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	132	4	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	132	5	depend	depend	VERB
epaa-580	132	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	132	7	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	132	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	132	9	rigor	rigor	NOUN
epaa-580	132	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	132	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	132	12	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	132	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	132	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	132	15	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	132	16	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	132	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	132	18	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	132	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	132	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	132	21	airasian	airasian	ADJ
epaa-580	132	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	132	23	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-580	132	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	132	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	133	1	some	some	DET
epaa-580	133	2	anecdotal	anecdotal	ADJ
epaa-580	133	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	133	4	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	133	5	supports	support	VERB
epaa-580	133	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	133	7	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-580	133	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	133	9	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	133	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	134	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-580	134	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	4	floden	floden	ADJ
epaa-580	134	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	6	personal	personal	ADJ
epaa-580	134	7	communication	communication	NOUN
epaa-580	134	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	9	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	134	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	11	states	state	VERB
epaa-580	134	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	134	13	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-580	134	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	134	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	134	16	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	134	17	determinants	determinant	NOUN
epaa-580	134	18	work	work	NOUN
epaa-580	134	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	134	21	porter	porter	NOUN
epaa-580	134	22	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	134	23	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	134	24	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	134	25	study	study	PROPN
epaa-580	134	26	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	134	27	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-580	134	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	29	few	few	ADJ
epaa-580	134	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	134	31	paid	pay	VERB
epaa-580	134	32	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-580	134	33	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	134	34	the	the	DET
epaa-580	134	35	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	134	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	37	he	he	PRON
epaa-580	134	38	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	134	39	now	now	ADV
epaa-580	134	40	working	work	VERB
epaa-580	134	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	134	42	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-580	134	43	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-580	134	44	losing	lose	VERB
epaa-580	134	45	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
epaa-580	134	46	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	134	47	a	a	DET
epaa-580	134	48	real	real	ADJ
epaa-580	134	49	threat	threat	NOUN
epaa-580	134	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	51	so	so	SCONJ
epaa-580	134	52	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	134	53	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	134	54	busy	busy	ADJ
epaa-580	134	55	aligning	align	VERB
epaa-580	134	56	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	134	57	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	134	58	the	the	DET
epaa-580	134	59	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-580	134	60	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-580	134	61	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	134	62	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	134	63	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	64	meap	meap	PROPN
epaa-580	134	65	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	66	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	134	67	setting	set	VERB
epaa-580	134	68	aside	aside	ADP
epaa-580	134	69	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	134	70	before	before	ADP
epaa-580	134	71	the	the	DET
epaa-580	134	72	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	134	73	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	134	74	meap	meap	NOUN
epaa-580	134	75	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	134	76	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	134	77	work	work	NOUN
epaa-580	134	78	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	135	1	7	7	NUM
epaa-580	135	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	135	3	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	135	4	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	135	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	136	1	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	136	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	136	3	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	136	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	136	5	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	136	6	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-580	136	7	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-580	136	8	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	136	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	136	10	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	136	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	136	12	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	136	13	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-580	136	14	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-580	136	15	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	136	16	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	136	17	not	not	PART
epaa-580	136	18	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-580	136	19	designed	design	VERB
epaa-580	136	20	to	to	PART
epaa-580	136	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	136	22	reform	reform	VERB
epaa-580	136	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	136	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	136	25	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	136	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	137	1	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-580	137	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	137	3	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	137	4	supposedly	supposedly	ADV
epaa-580	137	5	measured	measure	VERB
epaa-580	137	6	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	137	7	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	137	8	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	137	9	already	already	ADV
epaa-580	137	10	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	137	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	138	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	138	2	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	138	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	138	4	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-580	138	5	to	to	PART
epaa-580	138	6	find	find	VERB
epaa-580	138	7	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	138	8	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	138	9	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	138	10	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	138	11	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-580	138	12	that	that	DET
epaa-580	138	13	material	material	NOUN
epaa-580	138	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	138	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	138	16	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	138	17	not	not	PART
epaa-580	138	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	138	19	to	to	PART
epaa-580	138	20	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-580	138	21	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	138	22	motivators	motivator	NOUN
epaa-580	138	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	138	24	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-580	138	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	138	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	138	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	138	28	the	the	DET
epaa-580	138	29	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	138	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	139	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	139	2	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-580	139	3	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-580	139	4	/	/	SYM
epaa-580	139	5	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	139	6	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	139	7	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	139	8	to	to	PART
epaa-580	139	9	concentrate	concentrate	VERB
epaa-580	139	10	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	139	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	139	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	139	13	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	139	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	139	15	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	139	16	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	139	17	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-580	139	18	to	to	PART
epaa-580	139	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	139	20	very	very	ADV
epaa-580	139	21	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	139	22	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	139	23	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-580	139	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	140	1	some	some	DET
epaa-580	140	2	earlier	early	ADJ
epaa-580	140	3	writings	writing	NOUN
epaa-580	140	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	140	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	140	6	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	140	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	140	8	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	140	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	140	10	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	140	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	140	12	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	140	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	140	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	140	15	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	140	16	resulted	result	VERB
epaa-580	140	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	140	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	140	19	narrowing	narrow	VERB
epaa-580	140	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	140	21	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	140	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	140	23	corrupting	corrupt	VERB
epaa-580	140	24	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	140	25	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	140	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	140	27	turned	turn	VERB
epaa-580	140	28	to	to	PART
epaa-580	140	29	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-580	140	30	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-580	140	31	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	140	32	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	140	33	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	140	34	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	140	35	question	question	NOUN
epaa-580	140	36	work	work	NOUN
epaa-580	140	37	sheets	sheet	NOUN
epaa-580	140	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	141	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	141	2	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-580	141	3	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-580	141	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	141	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	141	6	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	141	7	harmed	harm	VERB
epaa-580	141	8	due	due	ADP
epaa-580	141	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	141	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	141	11	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
epaa-580	141	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	141	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	141	14	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	141	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	141	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	141	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	141	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	141	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	141	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	141	21	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	141	22	low	low	ADJ
epaa-580	141	23	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	141	24	facts	fact	NOUN
epaa-580	141	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	142	1	aside	aside	ADV
epaa-580	142	2	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	142	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	142	4	confusion	confusion	NOUN
epaa-580	142	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	142	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	142	7	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	142	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	142	9	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	142	10	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	142	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	142	12	true	true	ADJ
epaa-580	142	13	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	142	14	experts	expert	NOUN
epaa-580	142	15	realize	realize	VERB
epaa-580	142	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	142	17	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	142	18	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	142	19	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	142	20	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	142	21	not	not	PART
epaa-580	142	22	limited	limit	VERB
epaa-580	142	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	142	24	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	142	25	facts	fact	NOUN
epaa-580	142	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	142	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	142	28	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	142	29	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	142	30	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
epaa-580	142	31	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	142	32	to	to	PART
epaa-580	142	33	allow	allow	VERB
epaa-580	142	34	any	any	DET
epaa-580	142	35	firm	firm	ADJ
epaa-580	142	36	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	142	37	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	142	38	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	142	39	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	142	40	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	142	41	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	142	42	harmful	harmful	ADJ
epaa-580	142	43	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	142	44	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	142	45	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	142	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	142	47	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	142	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	143	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	143	2	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-580	143	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	143	4	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	143	5	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	143	6	some	some	DET
epaa-580	143	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	143	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	143	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	143	10	contrary	contrary	NOUN
epaa-580	143	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	1	kuhs	kuhs	ADJ
epaa-580	144	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	3	porter	porter	NOUN
epaa-580	144	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	5	floden	floden	ADJ
epaa-580	144	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	7	freeman	freeman	NOUN
epaa-580	144	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	9	schmidt	schmidt	NOUN
epaa-580	144	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	144	12	schwille	schwille	NOUN
epaa-580	144	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	14	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-580	144	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	16	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	144	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	144	18	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	144	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	144	21	'	'	PART
epaa-580	144	22	topic	topic	NOUN
epaa-580	144	23	selection	selection	NOUN
epaa-580	144	24	did	do	AUX
epaa-580	144	25	not	not	PART
epaa-580	144	26	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-580	144	27	to	to	PART
epaa-580	144	28	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	144	29	much	much	ADV
epaa-580	144	30	influenced	influence	VERB
epaa-580	144	31	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	144	32	the	the	DET
epaa-580	144	33	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	144	34	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-580	144	35	competencies	competency	NOUN
epaa-580	144	36	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	144	37	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	144	38	the	the	DET
epaa-580	144	39	district	district	NOUN
epaa-580	144	40	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	41	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	144	42	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-580	144	43	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	144	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	45	kuhs	kuhs	PROPN
epaa-580	144	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	47	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	144	48	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	144	49	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	144	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	51	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-580	144	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	53	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	144	54	151	151	NUM
epaa-580	144	55	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	144	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	145	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	145	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	145	3	no	no	DET
epaa-580	145	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	145	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	145	6	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	145	7	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	145	8	am	be	AUX
epaa-580	145	9	aware	aware	ADJ
epaa-580	145	10	showing	show	VERB
epaa-580	145	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	145	12	fewer	few	ADJ
epaa-580	145	13	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	145	14	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	145	15	math	math	NOUN
epaa-580	145	16	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-580	145	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	145	18	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-580	145	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	145	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	145	21	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-580	145	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	145	23	fewer	few	ADJ
epaa-580	145	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	145	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	145	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	145	27	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	145	28	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-580	145	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	145	30	must	must	AUX
epaa-580	145	31	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-580	145	32	a	a	DET
epaa-580	145	33	low	low	ADJ
epaa-580	145	34	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	145	35	math	math	NOUN
epaa-580	145	36	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	145	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	145	38	order	order	NOUN
epaa-580	145	39	to	to	PART
epaa-580	145	40	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-580	145	41	a	a	DET
epaa-580	145	42	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	145	43	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	145	44	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-580	145	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	146	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	146	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-580	146	3	a	a	DET
epaa-580	146	4	few	few	ADJ
epaa-580	146	5	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-580	146	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	146	7	quoted	quote	VERB
epaa-580	146	8	over	over	ADV
epaa-580	146	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	146	10	over	over	ADV
epaa-580	146	11	again	again	ADV
epaa-580	146	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	146	13	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	146	14	presumably	presumably	ADV
epaa-580	146	15	show	show	VERB
epaa-580	146	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	146	17	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-580	146	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	146	19	align	align	VERB
epaa-580	146	20	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	146	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	146	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	146	23	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	146	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	146	25	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-580	146	26	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-580	146	27	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	146	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	146	29	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-580	146	30	madaus	madaus	X
epaa-580	146	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	146	32	west	west	PROPN
epaa-580	146	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	146	34	harmon	harmon	PROPN
epaa-580	146	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	146	36	lomax	lomax	PROPN
epaa-580	146	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	146	38	viator	viator	PROPN
epaa-580	146	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	146	40	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-580	146	41	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	146	42	shepard	shepard	NOUN
epaa-580	146	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	146	44	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	146	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	146	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	147	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	147	2	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	147	3	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	147	4	those	those	DET
epaa-580	147	5	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-580	147	6	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	147	7	some	some	DET
epaa-580	147	8	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	147	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	148	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	148	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	148	3	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-580	148	4	to	to	PART
epaa-580	148	5	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	148	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	148	7	tests	test	VERB
epaa-580	148	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	148	9	some	some	DET
epaa-580	148	10	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	148	11	connected	connect	VERB
epaa-580	148	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	148	13	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	148	14	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	148	15	not	not	PART
epaa-580	148	16	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	148	17	some	some	DET
epaa-580	148	18	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-580	148	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	148	20	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	148	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	148	22	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	148	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	149	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	149	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-580	149	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	149	4	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	149	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	149	6	rottenberg	rottenberg	PROPN
epaa-580	149	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	149	8	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	149	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	149	10	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	149	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	149	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	149	13	an	an	DET
epaa-580	149	14	extensive	extensive	ADJ
epaa-580	149	15	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	149	16	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	149	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	149	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	150	1	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	150	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	150	3	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	150	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	150	5	external	external	ADJ
epaa-580	150	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	150	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	150	8	inferred	infer	VERB
epaa-580	150	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	150	10	an	an	DET
epaa-580	150	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	150	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	150	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	150	14	meanings	meaning	NOUN
epaa-580	150	15	held	hold	VERB
epaa-580	150	16	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	150	17	participants	participant	NOUN
epaa-580	150	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	150	19	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-580	150	20	observation	observation	NOUN
epaa-580	150	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	150	22	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	150	23	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-580	150	24	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	150	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	151	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	151	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	151	3	7	7	NUM
epaa-580	151	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	151	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	152	2	concluded	conclude	VERB
epaa-580	152	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	4	among	among	ADP
epaa-580	152	5	other	other	ADJ
epaa-580	152	6	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-580	152	7	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	152	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	9	1	1	X
epaa-580	152	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	11	external	external	ADJ
epaa-580	152	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	152	13	reduces	reduce	VERB
epaa-580	152	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	152	15	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	152	16	available	available	ADJ
epaa-580	152	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	152	18	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
epaa-580	152	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	152	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	22	2	2	X
epaa-580	152	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	24	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	152	25	affects	affect	VERB
epaa-580	152	26	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	152	27	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-580	152	28	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	152	29	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-580	152	30	-in	-in	ADJ
epaa-580	152	31	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	152	32	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	152	33	environments	environment	NOUN
epaa-580	152	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	35	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	152	36	neglect	neglect	NOUN
epaa-580	152	37	material	material	NOUN
epaa-580	152	38	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	152	39	external	external	ADJ
epaa-580	152	40	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	152	41	exclude	exclude	VERB
epaa-580	152	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	44	3	3	X
epaa-580	152	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	46	external	external	ADJ
epaa-580	152	47	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	152	48	encourages	encourage	VERB
epaa-580	152	49	use	use	NOUN
epaa-580	152	50	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	152	51	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	152	52	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-580	152	53	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	152	54	resemble	resemble	VERB
epaa-580	152	55	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	152	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	57	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	152	58	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	59	4	4	NUM
epaa-580	152	60	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	61	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	62	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	152	63	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	152	64	take	take	VERB
epaa-580	152	65	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	152	66	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	152	67	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	152	68	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	152	69	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-580	152	70	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	152	71	align	align	ADJ
epaa-580	152	72	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	152	73	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	152	74	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-580	152	75	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	152	76	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	152	77	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	152	78	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	152	79	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	80	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	152	81	diminish	diminish	VERB
epaa-580	152	82	the	the	DET
epaa-580	152	83	range	range	NOUN
epaa-580	152	84	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	152	85	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	152	86	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-580	152	87	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	152	88	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-580	152	89	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	90	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	91	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	152	92	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	93	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	152	94	11	11	NUM
epaa-580	152	95	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	152	96	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	153	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-580	153	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	153	3	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	153	4	are	be	VERB
epaa-580	153	5	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-580	153	6	suggesting	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	153	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	153	8	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	153	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	153	10	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	153	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	153	12	result	result	VERB
epaa-580	153	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	153	14	a	a	DET
epaa-580	153	15	8	8	NUM
epaa-580	153	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	153	17	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	153	18	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
epaa-580	153	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	153	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	153	21	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	153	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	153	23	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	153	24	drill	drill	NOUN
epaa-580	153	25	work	work	NOUN
epaa-580	153	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	153	27	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	153	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	154	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	154	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	154	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	154	4	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-580	154	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	154	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	154	7	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-580	154	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	154	9	few	few	ADJ
epaa-580	154	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	154	11	number	number	NOUN
epaa-580	154	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	154	13	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-580	154	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	154	15	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-580	154	16	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-580	154	17	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-580	154	18	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	154	19	accept	accept	VERB
epaa-580	154	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	154	21	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-580	154	22	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
epaa-580	154	23	uncritically	uncritically	ADV
epaa-580	154	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	155	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	155	2	my	my	PRON
epaa-580	155	3	opinion	opinion	NOUN
epaa-580	155	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	155	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	155	6	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	155	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	155	8	not	not	PART
epaa-580	155	9	as	as	ADV
epaa-580	155	10	strong	strong	ADJ
epaa-580	155	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	155	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	155	13	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
epaa-580	155	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	155	15	those	those	PRON
epaa-580	155	16	reporting	report	VERB
epaa-580	155	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	155	18	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	155	19	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	155	20	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	155	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	155	22	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	155	23	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	155	24	some	some	DET
epaa-580	155	25	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	155	26	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	155	27	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	155	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	155	29	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	155	30	not	not	PART
epaa-580	155	31	choose	choose	VERB
epaa-580	155	32	topics	topic	NOUN
epaa-580	155	33	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	155	34	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	155	35	the	the	DET
epaa-580	155	36	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	155	37	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	155	38	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	155	39	kuhs	kuhs	PROPN
epaa-580	155	40	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	155	41	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	155	42	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	155	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	155	44	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-580	155	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	155	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	156	1	green	green	PROPN
epaa-580	156	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	156	3	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	156	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	156	5	discussed	discuss	VERB
epaa-580	156	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	156	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	156	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	156	9	questioned	question	VERB
epaa-580	156	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	156	11	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	156	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	156	13	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	156	14	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	156	15	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	156	16	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	156	17	harmful	harmful	ADJ
epaa-580	156	18	stating	state	VERB
epaa-580	156	19	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	156	20	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	156	21	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	156	22	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	156	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	156	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	156	25	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	156	26	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	156	27	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-580	156	28	opens	open	VERB
epaa-580	156	29	to	to	PART
epaa-580	156	30	question	question	VERB
epaa-580	156	31	the	the	DET
epaa-580	156	32	assertions	assertion	NOUN
epaa-580	156	33	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	156	34	the	the	DET
epaa-580	156	35	evils	evil	NOUN
epaa-580	156	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	156	37	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	156	38	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	156	39	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	156	40	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	156	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	156	42	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	157	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	157	2	green	green	ADJ
epaa-580	157	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	157	4	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	157	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	157	6	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	157	7	4	4	NUM
epaa-580	157	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	157	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	158	1	2	2	X
epaa-580	158	2	.	.	X
epaa-580	158	3	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	158	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	158	5	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	158	6	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	158	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	158	8	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	158	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	158	10	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	158	11	much	much	ADJ
epaa-580	158	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	158	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	158	14	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-580	158	15	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	158	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	158	17	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
epaa-580	158	18	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	158	19	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	158	20	concerned	concern	VERB
epaa-580	158	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	158	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	158	23	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	158	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	158	25	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	158	26	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	158	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	159	1	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	159	2	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	159	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	159	4	popular	popular	ADJ
epaa-580	159	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	159	6	part	part	NOUN
epaa-580	159	7	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	159	8	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	159	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	159	10	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	159	11	supposed	suppose	VERB
epaa-580	159	12	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	159	13	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-580	159	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	159	15	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-580	159	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	159	17	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	159	18	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	159	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	1	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-580	160	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	160	3	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	160	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	160	5	treat	treat	VERB
epaa-580	160	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	160	7	an	an	DET
epaa-580	160	8	established	establish	VERB
epaa-580	160	9	fact	fact	NOUN
epaa-580	160	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	160	11	position	position	NOUN
epaa-580	160	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	160	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	160	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	160	15	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-580	160	16	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-580	160	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	160	18	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	160	19	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	20	resulted	result	VERB
epaa-580	160	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	160	22	a	a	DET
epaa-580	160	23	distortion	distortion	NOUN
epaa-580	160	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	160	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	160	26	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	160	27	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	160	28	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	160	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	160	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	31	narrowing	narrow	VERB
epaa-580	160	32	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	160	33	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	160	34	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-580	160	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	36	low	low	ADJ
epaa-580	160	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	38	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	160	39	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-580	160	40	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	42	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-580	160	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	44	klein	klein	PROPN
epaa-580	160	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	46	heath	heath	PROPN
epaa-580	160	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	160	49	wakai	wakai	PROPN
epaa-580	160	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	51	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-580	160	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	53	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	160	54	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	160	55	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	160	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	161	1	further	far	ADV
epaa-580	161	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	161	3	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-580	161	4	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	161	5	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	161	6	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	161	7	pushing	push	VERB
epaa-580	161	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	161	9	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-580	161	10	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	161	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	161	12	suggesting	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	161	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	161	14	previous	previous	ADJ
epaa-580	161	15	curricula	curricula	NOUN
epaa-580	161	16	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	161	17	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-580	161	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	161	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	161	20	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-580	161	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	161	22	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-580	161	23	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	161	24	much	much	ADV
epaa-580	161	25	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	161	26	the	the	DET
epaa-580	161	27	basics	basic	NOUN
epaa-580	161	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	162	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	162	2	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	162	3	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	162	4	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	162	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	162	6	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	162	7	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
epaa-580	162	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	162	9	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	162	10	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	162	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	162	12	held	hold	VERB
epaa-580	162	13	responsible	responsible	ADJ
epaa-580	162	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	162	15	these	these	DET
epaa-580	162	16	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	162	17	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
epaa-580	162	18	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	162	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	163	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	163	2	a	a	DET
epaa-580	163	3	southeastern	southeastern	ADJ
epaa-580	163	4	regional	regional	ADJ
epaa-580	163	5	vision	vision	NOUN
epaa-580	163	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	163	7	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	163	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	163	9	serve	serve	NOUN
epaa-580	163	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	163	11	document	document	NOUN
epaa-580	163	12	entitled	entitle	VERB
epaa-580	163	13	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	163	14	a	a	DET
epaa-580	163	15	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	163	16	framework	framework	NOUN
epaa-580	163	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	163	18	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	163	19	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	163	20	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-580	163	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	163	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	163	23	september	september	PROPN
epaa-580	163	24	8	8	NUM
epaa-580	163	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	163	26	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-580	163	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	163	28	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	163	29	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	163	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	163	31	some	some	DET
epaa-580	163	32	legislative	legislative	ADJ
epaa-580	163	33	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
epaa-580	163	34	ignored	ignore	VERB
epaa-580	163	35	a	a	DET
epaa-580	163	36	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-580	163	37	reality	reality	NOUN
epaa-580	163	38	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	163	39	those	those	DET
epaa-580	163	40	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	163	41	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	163	42	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	163	43	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-580	163	44	to	to	PART
epaa-580	163	45	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-580	163	46	older	old	ADJ
epaa-580	163	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	163	48	less	less	ADV
epaa-580	163	49	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
epaa-580	163	50	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	163	51	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	163	52	no	no	ADV
epaa-580	163	53	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	163	54	able	able	ADJ
epaa-580	163	55	to	to	PART
epaa-580	163	56	meet	meet	VERB
epaa-580	163	57	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	163	58	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	163	59	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	163	60	the	the	DET
epaa-580	163	61	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	163	62	bar	bar	NOUN
epaa-580	163	63	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	163	64	raised	raise	VERB
epaa-580	163	65	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	164	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	164	2	a	a	DET
epaa-580	164	3	result	result	NOUN
epaa-580	164	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	164	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	164	6	after	after	SCONJ
epaa-580	164	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	164	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	164	9	confronted	confront	VERB
epaa-580	164	10	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	164	11	previously	previously	ADV
epaa-580	164	12	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-580	164	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	164	14	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-580	164	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	164	16	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	164	17	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-580	164	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	164	19	serve	serve	PROPN
epaa-580	164	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	164	21	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-580	164	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	164	23	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	164	24	2	2	NUM
epaa-580	164	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	164	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	165	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	165	2	does	do	AUX
epaa-580	165	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	165	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	165	5	tell	tell	VERB
epaa-580	165	6	us	we	PRON
epaa-580	165	7	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	165	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	165	9	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-580	165	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	165	11	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	165	12	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	165	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	165	14	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	165	15	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	165	16	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	166	1	khattri	khattri	PROPN
epaa-580	166	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	166	3	kane	kane	PROPN
epaa-580	166	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	166	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	166	6	reeve	reeve	PROPN
epaa-580	166	7	visited	visit	VERB
epaa-580	166	8	sixteen	sixteen	NUM
epaa-580	166	9	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	166	10	across	across	ADP
epaa-580	166	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	166	12	united	united	PROPN
epaa-580	166	13	states	states	PROPN
epaa-580	166	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	166	15	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	166	16	developing	develop	VERB
epaa-580	166	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	166	18	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-580	166	19	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	166	20	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	166	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	167	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	167	2	interviewed	interview	VERB
epaa-580	167	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	167	4	personnel	personnel	NOUN
epaa-580	167	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	167	6	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	167	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	167	8	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-580	167	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	167	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	167	11	board	board	NOUN
epaa-580	167	12	members	member	NOUN
epaa-580	167	13	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	167	14	collected	collect	VERB
epaa-580	167	15	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	167	16	work	work	NOUN
epaa-580	167	17	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	167	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	167	19	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-580	167	20	observations	observation	NOUN
epaa-580	167	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	168	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	168	2	concluded	conclude	VERB
epaa-580	168	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	168	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	168	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	168	6	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	168	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	168	8	our	our	PRON
epaa-580	168	9	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-580	168	10	show	show	VERB
epaa-580	168	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	168	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	168	13	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	168	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	168	15	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	168	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	168	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	168	18	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	168	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	168	20	use	use	VERB
epaa-580	168	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	168	22	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	168	23	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	168	24	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	168	25	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	168	26	marginal	marginal	ADJ
epaa-580	168	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	168	28	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-580	168	29	the	the	DET
epaa-580	168	30	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	168	31	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	168	32	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	168	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	168	34	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	168	35	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	168	36	roles	role	NOUN
epaa-580	168	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	168	38	some	some	DET
epaa-580	168	39	cases	case	NOUN
epaa-580	168	40	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	168	41	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	168	42	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-580	168	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	168	44	khattri	khattri	ADJ
epaa-580	168	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	168	46	kane	kane	PROPN
epaa-580	168	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	168	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	168	49	reeve	reeve	PROPN
epaa-580	168	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	168	51	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	168	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	168	53	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	168	54	80	80	NUM
epaa-580	168	55	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	168	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	169	1	chudowsky	chudowsky	NOUN
epaa-580	169	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	169	3	behuniak	behuniak	PROPN
epaa-580	169	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	169	5	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	169	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	169	7	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	169	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	169	9	focus	focus	NOUN
epaa-580	169	10	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-580	169	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	169	12	seven	seven	NUM
epaa-580	169	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	169	14	representing	represent	VERB
epaa-580	169	15	a	a	DET
epaa-580	169	16	cross	cross	NOUN
epaa-580	169	17	section	section	NOUN
epaa-580	169	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	169	19	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	169	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	169	21	connecticut	connecticut	PROPN
epaa-580	169	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	170	1	these	these	DET
epaa-580	170	2	focus	focus	NOUN
epaa-580	170	3	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-580	170	4	discussed	discuss	VERB
epaa-580	170	5	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	170	6	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-580	170	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	170	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	170	9	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	170	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	170	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	170	12	connecticut	connecticut	NOUN
epaa-580	170	13	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-580	170	14	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	170	15	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	170	16	-an	-an	ADP
epaa-580	170	17	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	170	18	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	170	19	uses	use	VERB
epaa-580	170	20	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	170	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	170	22	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	170	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	170	24	grid	grid	NOUN
epaa-580	170	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	170	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	170	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	170	28	short	short	ADJ
epaa-580	170	29	answer	answer	NOUN
epaa-580	170	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	170	31	extended	extended	ADJ
epaa-580	170	32	response	response	NOUN
epaa-580	170	33	items	item	NOUN
epaa-580	170	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	171	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	171	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	171	3	all	all	PRON
epaa-580	171	4	but	but	SCONJ
epaa-580	171	5	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	171	6	9	9	NUM
epaa-580	171	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	171	8	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	171	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	171	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	171	11	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	171	12	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	171	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	171	14	preparing	prepare	VERB
epaa-580	171	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	171	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	171	17	aligning	align	VERB
epaa-580	171	18	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	171	19	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	171	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	171	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	171	22	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	171	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	171	24	resulted	result	VERB
epaa-580	171	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	171	26	a	a	DET
epaa-580	171	27	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
epaa-580	171	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	171	29	the	the	DET
epaa-580	171	30	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	171	31	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	171	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	171	33	chudowsky	chudowsky	NOUN
epaa-580	171	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	171	35	behuniak	behuniak	NOUN
epaa-580	171	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	171	37	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	171	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	171	39	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	171	40	8)	8)	NUM
epaa-580	171	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	172	1	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	172	2	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	172	3	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-580	172	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	172	5	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	172	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	172	7	most	most	ADV
epaa-580	172	8	frequently	frequently	ADV
epaa-580	172	9	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	172	10	having	have	VERB
epaa-580	172	11	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	172	12	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	172	13	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	172	14	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	172	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	172	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	172	17	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	172	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	172	19	capt	capt	PROPN
epaa-580	172	20	sample	sample	PROPN
epaa-580	172	21	items	item	NOUN
epaa-580	172	22	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	172	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	172	24	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	172	25	6	6	NUM
epaa-580	172	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	172	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	173	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	173	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	173	3	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	173	4	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	173	5	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	173	6	using	use	VERB
epaa-580	173	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-580	173	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	173	9	to	to	PART
epaa-580	173	10	move	move	VERB
epaa-580	173	11	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-580	173	12	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-580	173	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	173	14	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-580	173	15	into	into	ADP
epaa-580	173	16	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	173	17	approaches	approach	NOUN
epaa-580	173	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	173	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	173	20	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	173	21	6	6	NUM
epaa-580	173	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	173	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	174	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	174	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	174	3	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-580	174	4	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	174	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	174	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	174	7	most	most	ADV
epaa-580	174	8	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	174	9	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	174	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	174	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	174	12	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	174	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	174	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	174	15	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	174	16	detracts	detract	VERB
epaa-580	174	17	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-580	174	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	174	19	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	174	20	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	174	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	175	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	175	2	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	175	3	all	all	PRON
epaa-580	175	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	175	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	175	6	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	175	7	complained	complain	VERB
epaa-580	175	8	vehemently	vehemently	ADV
epaa-580	175	9	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	175	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	175	11	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-580	175	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	175	13	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	175	14	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	175	15	lost	lose	VERB
epaa-580	175	16	to	to	PART
epaa-580	175	17	administer	administer	VERB
epaa-580	175	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	175	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	175	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	175	21	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	175	22	7	7	NUM
epaa-580	175	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	175	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	176	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	176	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	176	3	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	176	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	176	5	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	176	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	176	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	176	8	keith	keith	PROPN
epaa-580	176	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	176	10	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	176	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	176	12	surveyed	survey	VERB
epaa-580	176	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	176	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	176	15	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-580	176	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	176	17	two	two	NUM
epaa-580	176	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	176	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	176	20	three	three	NUM
epaa-580	176	21	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-580	176	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	176	23	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	176	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	176	25	maryland	maryland	NOUN
epaa-580	176	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	176	27	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	176	28	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	176	29	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	176	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	176	31	mspap	mspap	NOUN
epaa-580	176	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	176	33	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	176	34	administered	administer	VERB
epaa-580	176	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	177	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	177	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	177	3	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	177	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	177	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	177	6	mspap	mspap	NOUN
epaa-580	177	7	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	177	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	177	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	177	10	designed	design	VERB
epaa-580	177	11	to	to	PART
epaa-580	177	12	induce	induce	VERB
epaa-580	177	13	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
epaa-580	177	14	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-580	177	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	177	16	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	177	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	177	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	177	19	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-580	177	20	vii	vii	PROPN
epaa-580	177	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	177	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	178	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-580	178	2	about	about	ADV
epaa-580	178	3	three	three	NUM
epaa-580	178	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	178	5	fourths	fourth	NOUN
epaa-580	178	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	178	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	178	8	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-580	178	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	178	10	half	half	NOUN
epaa-580	178	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	178	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	178	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	178	14	expressed	express	VERB
epaa-580	178	15	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	178	16	support	support	NOUN
epaa-580	178	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	178	18	mspap	mspap	NOUN
epaa-580	178	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	178	20	fifteen	fifteen	NUM
epaa-580	178	21	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-580	178	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	178	23	the	the	DET
epaa-580	178	24	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-580	178	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	178	26	35	35	NUM
epaa-580	178	27	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	178	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	178	29	the	the	DET
epaa-580	178	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	178	31	expressed	express	VERB
epaa-580	178	32	opposition	opposition	NOUN
epaa-580	178	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	179	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	179	2	interesting	interesting	ADJ
epaa-580	179	3	finding	finding	NOUN
epaa-580	179	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	179	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	179	6	about	about	ADV
epaa-580	179	7	40	40	NUM
epaa-580	179	8	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	179	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	179	10	fifth	fifth	ADJ
epaa-580	179	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	179	12	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-580	179	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	179	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	179	15	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-580	179	16	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	179	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	179	18	mspap	mspap	NOUN
epaa-580	179	19	includes	include	VERB
epaa-580	179	20	developmentally	developmentally	ADV
epaa-580	179	21	inappropriate	inappropriate	ADJ
epaa-580	179	22	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-580	179	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	179	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	179	25	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	179	26	viii	viii	PROPN
epaa-580	179	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	179	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	180	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	180	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	180	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	180	4	summary	summary	NOUN
epaa-580	180	5	statements	statement	NOUN
epaa-580	180	6	made	make	VERB
epaa-580	180	7	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	180	8	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	180	9	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	180	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	180	11	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	180	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	180	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	180	14	keith	keith	PROPN
epaa-580	180	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	180	16	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	180	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	180	18	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	180	19	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	180	20	follows	follow	VERB
epaa-580	180	21	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	180	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	180	23	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	180	24	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	180	25	here	here	ADV
epaa-580	180	26	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	180	27	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	180	28	the	the	DET
epaa-580	180	29	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	180	30	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	180	31	met	meet	VERB
epaa-580	180	32	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	180	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	180	34	its	its	PRON
epaa-580	180	35	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-580	180	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	180	37	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-580	180	38	the	the	DET
epaa-580	180	39	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-580	180	40	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	180	41	writing	write	VERB
epaa-580	180	42	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	180	43	do	do	VERB
epaa-580	180	44	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	180	45	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	180	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	181	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	181	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	181	3	same	same	ADJ
epaa-580	181	4	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	181	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	181	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	181	7	'	'	PART
epaa-580	181	8	responses	response	NOUN
epaa-580	181	9	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	181	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	181	11	possibility	possibility	NOUN
epaa-580	181	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	181	13	this	this	DET
epaa-580	181	14	change	change	NOUN
epaa-580	181	15	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	181	16	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	181	17	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	181	18	ramifications	ramification	NOUN
epaa-580	181	19	as	as	ADV
epaa-580	181	20	well	well	ADV
epaa-580	181	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	181	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	181	23	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-580	181	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	181	25	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-580	181	26	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	181	27	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	181	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	181	29	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	181	30	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	181	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	182	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	182	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	182	3	maintain	maintain	VERB
epaa-580	182	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	182	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	182	6	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-580	182	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	182	8	writing	writing	NOUN
epaa-580	182	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	182	10	excessive	excessive	ADJ
epaa-580	182	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	182	12	that	that	DET
epaa-580	182	13	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	182	14	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	182	15	suffered	suffer	VERB
epaa-580	182	16	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	182	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	182	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	182	19	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-580	182	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	182	21	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	182	22	required	require	VERB
epaa-580	182	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	182	24	writing	writing	NOUN
epaa-580	182	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	182	26	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	183	1	[	[	X
epaa-580	183	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	183	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	183	4	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-580	183	5	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-580	183	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	183	7	writing	writing	NOUN
epaa-580	183	8	makes	make	VERB
epaa-580	183	9	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	183	10	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-580	183	11	to	to	PART
epaa-580	183	12	judge	judge	VERB
epaa-580	183	13	math	math	NOUN
epaa-580	183	14	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-580	183	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	183	16	some	some	DET
epaa-580	183	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	183	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	183	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	183	20	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	183	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	183	22	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	183	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	183	24	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	183	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	183	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	183	27	keith	keith	PROPN
epaa-580	183	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	183	29	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	183	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	183	31	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	183	32	xiii	xiii	PROPN
epaa-580	183	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	183	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	184	1	rafferty	rafferty	PROPN
epaa-580	184	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	184	3	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-580	184	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	184	5	surveyed	survey	VERB
epaa-580	184	6	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-580	184	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	184	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	184	9	staff	staff	NOUN
epaa-580	184	10	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	184	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	184	12	mspap	mspap	PROPN
epaa-580	184	13	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	184	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	185	1	individuals	individual	NOUN
epaa-580	185	2	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	185	3	asked	ask	VERB
epaa-580	185	4	to	to	PART
epaa-580	185	5	respond	respond	VERB
epaa-580	185	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	185	7	likert	likert	ADJ
epaa-580	185	8	fashion	fashion	NOUN
epaa-580	185	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	185	10	several	several	ADJ
epaa-580	185	11	statements	statement	NOUN
epaa-580	185	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	186	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	186	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	186	3	question	question	NOUN
epaa-580	186	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	186	5	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	186	6	mspap	mspap	NOUN
epaa-580	186	7	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	186	8	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	186	9	little	little	ADJ
epaa-580	186	10	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	186	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	186	12	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	186	13	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	186	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	186	15	33	33	NUM
epaa-580	186	16	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	186	17	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	186	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	186	19	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-580	186	20	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	186	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	186	22	24	24	NUM
epaa-580	186	23	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	186	24	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	186	25	uncertain	uncertain	ADJ
epaa-580	186	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	186	27	42	42	NUM
epaa-580	186	28	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	186	29	disagreed	disagree	VERB
epaa-580	186	30	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	186	31	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-580	186	32	disagreed	disagree	VERB
epaa-580	186	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	186	34	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	186	35	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	186	36	did	do	AUX
epaa-580	186	37	not	not	PART
epaa-580	186	38	respond	respond	VERB
epaa-580	186	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	187	1	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	187	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	187	3	statement	statement	NOUN
epaa-580	187	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	187	5	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	187	6	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	187	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	187	8	better	well	ADJ
epaa-580	187	9	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	187	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	187	11	mspap	mspap	NOUN
epaa-580	187	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	187	13	21	21	NUM
epaa-580	187	14	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	187	15	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	187	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	187	17	agreement	agreement	NOUN
epaa-580	187	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	187	19	36	36	NUM
epaa-580	187	20	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	187	21	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	187	22	uncertain	uncertain	ADJ
epaa-580	187	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	187	24	41	41	NUM
epaa-580	187	25	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	187	26	disagreed	disagree	VERB
epaa-580	187	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	187	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	187	29	2	2	NUM
epaa-580	187	30	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	187	31	did	do	AUX
epaa-580	187	32	not	not	PART
epaa-580	187	33	answer	answer	VERB
epaa-580	187	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	188	1	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	188	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	188	3	statement	statement	NOUN
epaa-580	188	4	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	188	5	mspap	mspap	NOUN
epaa-580	188	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	188	7	essentially	essentially	ADV
epaa-580	188	8	worthwhile	worthwhile	ADJ
epaa-580	188	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	188	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	188	11	24	24	NUM
epaa-580	188	12	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	188	13	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	188	14	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	188	15	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-580	188	16	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	188	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	188	18	25	25	NUM
epaa-580	188	19	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	188	20	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	188	21	uncertain	uncertain	ADJ
epaa-580	188	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	188	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	188	24	48	48	NUM
epaa-580	188	25	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	188	26	disagreed	disagree	VERB
epaa-580	188	27	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	188	28	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-580	188	29	disagreed	disagree	VERB
epaa-580	188	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	188	31	3	3	NUM
epaa-580	188	32	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	188	33	did	do	AUX
epaa-580	188	34	not	not	PART
epaa-580	188	35	respond	respond	VERB
epaa-580	188	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	188	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	189	1	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
epaa-580	189	2	a	a	DET
epaa-580	189	3	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-580	189	4	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
epaa-580	189	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	189	6	these	these	DET
epaa-580	189	7	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	189	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	189	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	189	10	mspap	mspap	PROPN
epaa-580	189	11	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	189	12	likely	likely	ADV
epaa-580	189	13	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	189	14	an	an	DET
epaa-580	189	15	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	189	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	189	17	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	189	18	not	not	PART
epaa-580	189	19	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-580	189	20	a	a	DET
epaa-580	189	21	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	189	22	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	189	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	190	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	190	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	190	3	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	190	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	190	5	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	190	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	190	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	190	8	stecher	stecher	NOUN
epaa-580	190	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	190	10	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	190	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	190	12	did	do	VERB
epaa-580	190	13	a	a	DET
epaa-580	190	14	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	190	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	190	16	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	190	17	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-580	190	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	190	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	190	20	one	one	NOUN
epaa-580	190	21	done	do	VERB
epaa-580	190	22	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	190	23	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	190	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	190	25	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	190	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	190	27	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	190	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	190	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	190	30	keith	keith	PROPN
epaa-580	190	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	190	32	maryland	maryland	PROPN
epaa-580	190	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	191	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	191	2	surveyed	survey	VERB
epaa-580	191	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	191	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	191	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	191	6	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-580	191	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	191	8	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	191	9	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	191	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	191	11	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	191	12	instructional	instructional	PROPN
epaa-580	191	13	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	191	14	information	information	NOUN
epaa-580	191	15	system	system	NOUN
epaa-580	191	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	191	17	kiris	kiris	PROPN
epaa-580	191	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	191	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	191	20	found	find	VERB
epaa-580	191	21	much	much	ADJ
epaa-580	191	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	191	23	same	same	ADJ
epaa-580	191	24	thing	thing	NOUN
epaa-580	191	25	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	191	26	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	191	27	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	191	28	found	find	VERB
epaa-580	191	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	191	30	maryland	maryland	NOUN
epaa-580	191	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	1	among	among	ADP
epaa-580	192	2	other	other	ADJ
epaa-580	192	3	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-580	192	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	5	10	10	NUM
epaa-580	192	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	192	7	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	192	8	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	192	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	192	10	following	follow	VERB
epaa-580	192	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	12	note	note	NOUN
epaa-580	192	13	3	3	NUM
epaa-580	192	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	15	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	16	--90	--90	VERB
epaa-580	192	17	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	192	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	192	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	192	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	192	21	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	192	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	192	23	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-580	192	24	made	make	VERB
epaa-580	192	25	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	192	26	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-580	192	27	to	to	PART
epaa-580	192	28	cover	cover	VERB
epaa-580	192	29	the	the	DET
epaa-580	192	30	regular	regular	ADJ
epaa-580	192	31	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	192	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	33	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	192	34	37	37	NUM
epaa-580	192	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	36	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	37	--most	--most	NUM
epaa-580	192	38	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	192	39	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	192	40	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	192	41	imposing	impose	VERB
epaa-580	192	42	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-580	192	43	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	192	44	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
epaa-580	192	45	causes	cause	VERB
epaa-580	192	46	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	192	47	to	to	PART
epaa-580	192	48	ignore	ignore	VERB
epaa-580	192	49	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	192	50	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-580	192	51	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	192	52	the	the	DET
epaa-580	192	53	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	192	54	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	55	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	192	56	42	42	NUM
epaa-580	192	57	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	58	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	59	--portfolios	--portfolios	PRON
epaa-580	192	60	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	192	61	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-580	192	62	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	192	63	having	have	VERB
epaa-580	192	64	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	192	65	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	192	66	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	192	67	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	192	68	almost	almost	ADV
epaa-580	192	69	as	as	ADV
epaa-580	192	70	often	often	ADV
epaa-580	192	71	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	192	72	having	having	AUX
epaa-580	192	73	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	192	74	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	192	75	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	192	76	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	77	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	192	78	xi	xi	PROPN
epaa-580	192	79	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	80	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	81	--almost	--almost	NUM
epaa-580	192	82	90	90	NUM
epaa-580	192	83	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	192	84	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	192	85	the	the	DET
epaa-580	192	86	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	192	87	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	192	88	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	192	89	kiris	kiris	PROPN
epaa-580	192	90	caused	cause	VERB
epaa-580	192	91	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	192	92	to	to	PART
epaa-580	192	93	deemphasize	deemphasize	VERB
epaa-580	192	94	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	192	95	neglect	neglect	VERB
epaa-580	192	96	untested	untested	ADJ
epaa-580	192	97	material	material	NOUN
epaa-580	192	98	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	99	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	192	100	xiii	xiii	PROPN
epaa-580	192	101	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	102	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	103	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	192	104	--other	--other	NUM
epaa-580	192	105	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-580	192	106	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	192	107	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	192	108	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	192	109	suffered	suffer	VERB
epaa-580	192	110	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	192	111	a	a	DET
epaa-580	192	112	result	result	NOUN
epaa-580	192	113	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	192	114	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	192	115	spent	spend	VERB
epaa-580	192	116	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	192	117	writing	writing	NOUN
epaa-580	192	118	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	119	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	192	120	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-580	192	121	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	192	122	writing	writing	NOUN
epaa-580	192	123	makes	make	VERB
epaa-580	192	124	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	192	125	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-580	192	126	to	to	PART
epaa-580	192	127	judge	judge	VERB
epaa-580	192	128	the	the	DET
epaa-580	192	129	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
epaa-580	192	130	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-580	192	131	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	192	132	some	some	DET
epaa-580	192	133	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	192	134	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	135	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	192	136	xv	xv	PROPN
epaa-580	192	137	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	192	138	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	193	1	mcdonnell	mcdonnell	PROPN
epaa-580	193	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	193	3	choisser	choisser	PROPN
epaa-580	193	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	193	5	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	193	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	193	7	studied	study	VERB
epaa-580	193	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	193	9	local	local	ADJ
epaa-580	193	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-580	193	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	193	12	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	193	13	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	193	14	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	193	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	193	16	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	193	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	193	18	north	north	PROPN
epaa-580	193	19	carolina	carolina	PROPN
epaa-580	193	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	194	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	194	2	concluded	conclude	VERB
epaa-580	194	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	194	4	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	194	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	194	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	194	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	194	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	194	9	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	194	10	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-580	194	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	194	12	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
epaa-580	194	13	consistent	consistent	ADJ
epaa-580	194	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	194	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	194	16	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	194	17	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	194	18	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-580	194	19	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	194	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	194	21	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	194	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	194	23	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	194	24	activities	activity	NOUN
epaa-580	194	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	194	26	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	194	27	not	not	PART
epaa-580	194	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	194	29	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-580	194	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	194	31	the	the	DET
epaa-580	194	32	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
epaa-580	194	33	understandings	understanding	NOUN
epaa-580	194	34	the	the	DET
epaa-580	194	35	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	194	36	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	194	37	measuring	measure	VERB
epaa-580	194	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	195	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	195	2	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	195	3	added	add	VERB
epaa-580	195	4	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	195	5	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	195	6	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-580	195	7	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	196	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	196	2	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	196	3	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	196	4	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	196	5	not	not	PART
epaa-580	196	6	fundamentally	fundamentally	ADV
epaa-580	196	7	changed	change	VERB
epaa-580	196	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	196	9	depth	depth	NOUN
epaa-580	196	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	196	11	sophistication	sophistication	NOUN
epaa-580	196	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	196	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	196	14	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	196	15	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	196	16	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	196	17	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	196	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	197	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	197	2	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	197	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	197	4	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	197	5	ix	ix	X
epaa-580	197	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	197	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	197	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	198	1	stretcher	stretcher	NOUN
epaa-580	198	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	198	3	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	198	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	198	5	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	198	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	198	7	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	198	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	198	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	198	10	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	198	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	198	12	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-580	198	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	198	14	driven	drive	VERB
epaa-580	198	15	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	198	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	198	17	vermont	vermont	PROPN
epaa-580	198	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	198	19	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	198	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	198	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	198	22	vermont	vermont	PROPN
epaa-580	198	23	portfolio	portfolio	PROPN
epaa-580	198	24	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	198	25	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	198	26	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	198	27	had	have	VERB
epaa-580	198	28	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-580	198	29	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	198	30	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	198	31	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	198	32	fourth	fourth	ADJ
epaa-580	198	33	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	198	34	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-580	198	35	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	198	36	'	'	PART
epaa-580	198	37	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-580	198	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	198	39	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	198	40	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	198	41	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-580	198	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	199	1	vermont	vermont	PROPN
epaa-580	199	2	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-580	199	3	report	report	VERB
epaa-580	199	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	199	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	199	6	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	199	7	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	199	8	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-580	199	9	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	199	10	a	a	DET
epaa-580	199	11	great	great	ADJ
epaa-580	199	12	deal	deal	NOUN
epaa-580	199	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	199	14	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
epaa-580	199	15	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-580	199	16	solving	solve	VERB
epaa-580	199	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	199	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	199	19	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	199	20	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	199	21	changed	change	VERB
epaa-580	199	22	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	199	23	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	199	24	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	199	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	199	26	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	199	27	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-580	199	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	199	29	stretcher	stretcher	NOUN
epaa-580	199	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	199	31	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	199	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	199	33	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	199	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	199	35	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	199	36	ix	ix	NUM
epaa-580	199	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	199	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	1	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	200	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	3	nobel	nobel	PROPN
epaa-580	200	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	5	heinecke	heinecke	PROPN
epaa-580	200	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	7	seck	seck	PROPN
epaa-580	200	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	9	parish	parish	PROPN
epaa-580	200	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	11	cabay	cabay	PROPN
epaa-580	200	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	13	junker	junker	PROPN
epaa-580	200	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	15	haag	haag	PROPN
epaa-580	200	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	17	tayler	tayler	PROPN
epaa-580	200	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	19	safran	safran	NOUN
epaa-580	200	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	21	penley	penley	NOUN
epaa-580	200	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	200	24	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
epaa-580	200	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	26	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	200	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	28	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-580	200	29	a	a	DET
epaa-580	200	30	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	200	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	200	32	the	the	DET
epaa-580	200	33	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	200	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	200	35	the	the	PRON
epaa-580	200	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	37	now	now	ADV
epaa-580	200	38	discarded	discard	VERB
epaa-580	200	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	40	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-580	200	41	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	200	42	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	200	43	program	program	PROPN
epaa-580	200	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	45	asap	asap	NOUN
epaa-580	200	46	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	200	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	201	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-580	201	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	201	3	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	201	4	had	have	VERB
epaa-580	201	5	several	several	ADJ
epaa-580	201	6	parts	part	NOUN
epaa-580	201	7	including	include	VERB
epaa-580	201	8	some	some	DET
epaa-580	201	9	norm	norm	NOUN
epaa-580	201	10	referenced	reference	VERB
epaa-580	201	11	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	201	12	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	201	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	201	14	iowa	iowa	PROPN
epaa-580	201	15	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	201	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	201	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	201	18	most	most	ADV
epaa-580	201	19	visible	visible	ADJ
epaa-580	201	20	portion	portion	NOUN
epaa-580	201	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	201	22	asap	asap	PROPN
epaa-580	201	23	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	201	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	201	25	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	201	26	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	201	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	202	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	202	2	opinion	opinion	NOUN
epaa-580	202	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	202	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	202	5	direction	direction	NOUN
epaa-580	202	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	202	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	202	8	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	202	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	202	10	asap	asap	PROPN
epaa-580	202	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	202	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	202	13	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	202	14	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	202	15	divided	divide	VERB
epaa-580	202	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	203	1	some	some	DET
epaa-580	203	2	defined	define	VERB
epaa-580	203	3	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	203	4	asap	asap	NOUN
epaa-580	203	5	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	203	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	203	7	representing	represent	VERB
epaa-580	203	8	an	an	DET
epaa-580	203	9	unfortunate	unfortunate	ADJ
epaa-580	203	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	203	11	even	even	ADV
epaa-580	203	12	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
epaa-580	203	13	de	de	NOUN
epaa-580	203	14	-	-	NOUN
epaa-580	203	15	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-580	203	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	203	17	foundational	foundational	ADJ
epaa-580	203	18	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-580	203	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	203	20	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
epaa-580	203	21	others	other	NOUN
epaa-580	203	22	welcomed	welcome	VERB
epaa-580	203	23	the	the	DET
epaa-580	203	24	change	change	NOUN
epaa-580	203	25	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	203	26	saw	see	VERB
epaa-580	203	27	the	the	DET
epaa-580	203	28	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	203	29	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-580	203	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	203	31	encompassing	encompass	VERB
epaa-580	203	32	both	both	DET
epaa-580	203	33	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-580	203	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	203	35	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-580	203	36	solving	solving	NOUN
epaa-580	203	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	204	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	204	2	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	204	3	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	204	4	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	204	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	204	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	204	7	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	204	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	204	9	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	204	10	40	40	NUM
epaa-580	204	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	204	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	205	1	some	some	DET
epaa-580	205	2	interesting	interesting	ADJ
epaa-580	205	3	quotes	quote	NOUN
epaa-580	205	4	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	205	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	205	6	found	find	VERB
epaa-580	205	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	205	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	205	9	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	205	10	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	205	11	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	205	12	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	205	13	report	report	NOUN
epaa-580	205	14	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	205	15	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	205	16	follows	follow	VERB
epaa-580	205	17	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	205	18	nobody	nobody	PRON
epaa-580	205	19	cares	care	VERB
epaa-580	205	20	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	205	21	basics	basic	NOUN
epaa-580	205	22	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	205	23	the	the	DET
epaa-580	205	24	young	young	ADJ
epaa-580	205	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	205	26	coming	come	VERB
epaa-580	205	27	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	205	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	205	29	college	college	NOUN
epaa-580	205	30	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	205	31	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	205	32	perpetuate	perpetuate	VERB
epaa-580	205	33	the	the	DET
epaa-580	205	34	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-580	205	35	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-580	205	36	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	205	37	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	205	38	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-580	205	39	whole	whole	ADJ
epaa-580	205	40	language	language	NOUN
epaa-580	205	41	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	205	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	205	43	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	205	44	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	205	45	centered	center	VERB
epaa-580	205	46	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	205	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	206	1	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-580	206	2	these	these	DET
epaa-580	206	3	concepts	concept	NOUN
epaa-580	206	4	11	11	NUM
epaa-580	206	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	206	6	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	206	7	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	206	8	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	206	9	merits	merit	NOUN
epaa-580	206	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	206	11	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	206	12	not	not	PART
epaa-580	206	13	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	206	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	206	15	expense	expense	NOUN
epaa-580	206	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	206	17	basics	basic	NOUN
epaa-580	206	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	206	19	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	206	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	206	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	206	22	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	206	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	206	24	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	206	25	41	41	NUM
epaa-580	206	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	206	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	207	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	207	2	asap	asap	PROPN
epaa-580	207	3	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	207	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	207	5	designed	design	VERB
epaa-580	207	6	to	to	PART
epaa-580	207	7	do	do	VERB
epaa-580	207	8	away	away	ADV
epaa-580	207	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	207	10	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	207	11	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-580	207	12	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	207	13	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	207	14	kids	kid	NOUN
epaa-580	207	15	today	today	NOUN
epaa-580	207	16	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	207	17	n't	not	PART
epaa-580	207	18	relate	relate	VERB
epaa-580	207	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	207	20	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-580	207	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	207	22	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	207	23	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	207	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	207	25	boring	bore	VERB
epaa-580	207	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	208	1	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	208	2	pandering	pander	VERB
epaa-580	208	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	208	4	this	this	PRON
epaa-580	208	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	208	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	208	7	weakening	weaken	VERB
epaa-580	208	8	our	our	PRON
epaa-580	208	9	society	society	NOUN
epaa-580	208	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	208	11	not	not	PART
epaa-580	208	12	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
epaa-580	208	13	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	208	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	209	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	209	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	209	3	wrong	wrong	ADJ
epaa-580	209	4	!	!	PUNCT
epaa-580	210	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	210	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	210	3	told	tell	VERB
epaa-580	210	4	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	210	5	a	a	DET
epaa-580	210	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	210	7	official	official	NOUN
epaa-580	210	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	210	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	210	10	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	210	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	210	12	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	210	13	like	like	ADP
epaa-580	210	14	coaches	coach	NOUN
epaa-580	210	15	under	under	ADP
epaa-580	210	16	asap	asap	PROPN
epaa-580	210	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	211	1	ask	ask	VERB
epaa-580	211	2	any	any	DET
epaa-580	211	3	coach	coach	NOUN
epaa-580	211	4	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	211	5	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	211	6	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-580	211	7	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-580	211	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	211	9	isolation	isolation	NOUN
epaa-580	211	10	before	before	SCONJ
epaa-580	211	11	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	211	12	integrate	integrate	VERB
epaa-580	211	13	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	211	14	into	into	ADP
epaa-580	211	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	211	16	game	game	NOUN
epaa-580	211	17	plan	plan	NOUN
epaa-580	211	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	212	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	212	2	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	212	3	all	all	ADV
epaa-580	212	4	tell	tell	VERB
epaa-580	212	5	you	you	PRON
epaa-580	212	6	yes	yes	INTJ
epaa-580	212	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	213	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	213	2	rest	rest	VERB
epaa-580	213	3	my	my	PRON
epaa-580	213	4	case	case	NOUN
epaa-580	213	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	214	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	214	2	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	214	3	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	214	4	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	214	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	214	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	214	7	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	214	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	214	9	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	214	10	41	41	NUM
epaa-580	214	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	214	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	215	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	215	2	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	215	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	215	4	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	215	5	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	215	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	215	7	report	report	PROPN
epaa-580	215	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	215	9	about	about	ADV
epaa-580	215	10	two	two	NUM
epaa-580	215	11	thirds	third	NOUN
epaa-580	215	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	215	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	215	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	215	15	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-580	215	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	215	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	215	18	pupils	pupil	NOUN
epaa-580	215	19	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	215	20	this	this	DET
epaa-580	215	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	215	22	need	need	VERB
epaa-580	215	23	to	to	PART
epaa-580	215	24	master	master	VERB
epaa-580	215	25	basic	basic	ADJ
epaa-580	215	26	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-580	215	27	before	before	SCONJ
epaa-580	215	28	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	215	29	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	215	30	progress	progress	VERB
epaa-580	215	31	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	215	32	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	215	33	order	order	NOUN
epaa-580	215	34	thinking	thinking	NOUN
epaa-580	215	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	215	36	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-580	215	37	solving	solve	VERB
epaa-580	215	38	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	215	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	215	40	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	215	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	215	42	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	215	43	41	41	NUM
epaa-580	215	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	215	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	216	1	forty	forty	NUM
epaa-580	216	2	three	three	NUM
epaa-580	216	3	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-580	216	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	216	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	216	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	216	7	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-580	216	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	216	9	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	216	10	asap	asap	NOUN
epaa-580	216	11	takes	take	VERB
epaa-580	216	12	away	away	ADV
epaa-580	216	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	216	14	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	216	15	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	216	16	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	216	17	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	216	18	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	216	19	spending	spend	VERB
epaa-580	216	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	216	21	something	something	PRON
epaa-580	216	22	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	216	23	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	216	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	216	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	217	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	217	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	217	3	44	44	NUM
epaa-580	217	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	217	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	218	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	218	2	spite	spite	NOUN
epaa-580	218	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	218	4	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	218	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	218	6	being	be	AUX
epaa-580	218	7	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ
epaa-580	218	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	218	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	218	10	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	218	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	218	12	asap	asap	PROPN
epaa-580	218	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	218	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	218	15	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	218	16	40	40	NUM
epaa-580	218	17	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	218	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	218	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	218	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	218	21	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	218	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	218	23	district	district	NOUN
epaa-580	218	24	scope	scope	NOUN
epaa-580	218	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	218	26	sequences	sequence	NOUN
epaa-580	218	27	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	218	28	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	218	29	aligned	align	VERB
epaa-580	218	30	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	218	31	asap	asap	PROPN
epaa-580	218	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	218	33	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	219	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	219	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	219	3	46	46	NUM
epaa-580	219	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	219	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	220	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	220	3	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-580	220	4	report	report	VERB
epaa-580	220	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	6	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	7	changes	change	VERB
epaa-580	220	8	consequent	consequent	ADJ
epaa-580	220	9	to	to	PART
epaa-580	220	10	asap	asap	PROPN
epaa-580	220	11	seemed	seem	VERB
epaa-580	220	12	to	to	PART
epaa-580	220	13	fall	fall	VERB
epaa-580	220	14	into	into	ADP
epaa-580	220	15	a	a	DET
epaa-580	220	16	typology	typology	NOUN
epaa-580	220	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	220	18	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	220	19	characterized	characterize	VERB
epaa-580	220	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	220	21	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	22	coherent	coherent	ADJ
epaa-580	220	23	action	action	NOUN
epaa-580	220	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	25	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	26	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	27	compliance	compliance	NOUN
epaa-580	220	28	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	220	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	30	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	31	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	32	compromise	compromise	NOUN
epaa-580	220	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	34	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	220	36	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	37	drag	drag	VERB
epaa-580	220	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	39	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	220	40	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	221	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	221	2	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	221	3	46	46	NUM
epaa-580	221	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	221	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	222	1	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-580	222	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	222	3	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	222	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	222	5	studied	study	VERB
epaa-580	222	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	222	7	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	222	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	222	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	222	10	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-580	222	11	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	222	12	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	222	13	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	222	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	222	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	222	16	'	'	PART
epaa-580	222	17	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
epaa-580	222	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	222	19	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	222	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	222	21	six	six	NUM
epaa-580	222	22	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	222	23	contexts	contexts	NOUN
epaa-580	222	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	222	25	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-580	222	26	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	222	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	222	28	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	222	29	areas	area	NOUN
epaa-580	222	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	222	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	223	1	two	two	NUM
epaa-580	223	2	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	223	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	223	4	asked	ask	VERB
epaa-580	223	5	relevant	relevant	ADJ
epaa-580	223	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	223	7	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-580	223	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	223	9	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	223	10	impacts	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	223	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	224	1	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	224	2	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	224	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	224	4	made	make	VERB
epaa-580	224	5	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	224	6	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-580	224	7	to	to	PART
epaa-580	224	8	align	align	VERB
epaa-580	224	9	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	224	10	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	224	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	224	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	224	13	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	224	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	224	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	225	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	225	2	percents	percent	NOUN
epaa-580	225	3	who	who	PRON
epaa-580	225	4	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	225	5	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	225	6	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-580	225	7	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	225	8	ranged	range	VERB
epaa-580	225	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	225	10	54.5	54.5	NUM
epaa-580	225	11	to	to	PART
epaa-580	225	12	92.7	92.7	NUM
epaa-580	225	13	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	225	14	across	across	ADP
epaa-580	225	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	225	16	six	six	NUM
epaa-580	225	17	contexts	contexts	NOUN
epaa-580	225	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	225	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	226	1	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	226	2	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	226	3	feel	feel	VERB
epaa-580	226	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	226	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	226	6	mandatory	mandatory	ADJ
epaa-580	226	7	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	226	8	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	226	9	had	have	VERB
epaa-580	226	10	a	a	DET
epaa-580	226	11	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	226	12	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	226	13	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	226	14	excessively	excessively	ADV
epaa-580	226	15	narrowing	narrow	VERB
epaa-580	226	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	226	17	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	226	18	covered	cover	VERB
epaa-580	226	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	226	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	226	21	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	226	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	226	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	227	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	227	2	percents	percent	NOUN
epaa-580	227	3	who	who	PRON
epaa-580	227	4	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	227	5	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	227	6	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-580	227	7	agreed	agree	VERB
epaa-580	227	8	ranged	range	VERB
epaa-580	227	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	227	10	28.7	28.7	NUM
epaa-580	227	11	to	to	PART
epaa-580	227	12	46.8	46.8	NUM
epaa-580	227	13	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	227	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	228	1	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	228	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	228	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	228	4	five	five	NUM
epaa-580	228	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	228	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	228	7	contexts	context	NOUN
epaa-580	228	8	responded	respond	VERB
epaa-580	228	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	228	10	that	that	DET
epaa-580	228	11	question	question	NOUN
epaa-580	228	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	228	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	229	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	229	2	two	two	NUM
epaa-580	229	3	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	229	4	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-580	229	5	interesting	interesting	ADJ
epaa-580	229	6	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	229	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	230	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-580	230	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	230	3	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-580	230	4	made	make	VERB
epaa-580	230	5	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	230	6	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-580	230	7	to	to	PART
epaa-580	230	8	align	align	VERB
epaa-580	230	9	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	230	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	230	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	230	12	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-580	230	13	did	do	AUX
epaa-580	230	14	not	not	PART
epaa-580	230	15	feel	feel	VERB
epaa-580	230	16	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	230	17	resulted	result	VERB
epaa-580	230	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	230	19	excessively	excessively	ADV
epaa-580	230	20	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
epaa-580	230	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	230	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	230	23	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	230	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	231	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	231	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	231	3	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	231	4	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-580	231	5	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	231	6	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	231	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	231	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	231	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	231	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	231	11	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	231	12	usually	usually	ADV
epaa-580	231	13	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-580	231	14	to	to	PART
epaa-580	231	15	give	give	VERB
epaa-580	231	16	supplemental	supplemental	ADJ
epaa-580	231	17	information	information	NOUN
epaa-580	231	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	232	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
epaa-580	232	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	232	3	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	232	4	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	232	5	not	not	PART
epaa-580	232	6	reflect	reflect	VERB
epaa-580	232	7	everything	everything	PRON
epaa-580	232	8	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	232	9	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	232	10	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-580	232	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	232	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	232	13	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	232	14	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-580	232	15	a	a	DET
epaa-580	232	16	small	small	ADJ
epaa-580	232	17	view	view	NOUN
epaa-580	232	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	232	19	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	232	20	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	232	21	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	232	22	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	232	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	232	24	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-580	232	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	232	26	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	232	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	232	28	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-580	232	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	233	1	5	5	NUM
epaa-580	233	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	233	3	6	6	NUM
epaa-580	233	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	233	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	234	1	to	to	PART
epaa-580	234	2	align	align	VERB
epaa-580	234	3	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	234	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	234	5	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	234	6	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	234	7	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-580	234	8	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	234	9	a	a	DET
epaa-580	234	10	small	small	ADJ
epaa-580	234	11	view	view	NOUN
epaa-580	234	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	234	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	234	14	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	234	15	without	without	ADP
epaa-580	234	16	excessively	excessively	ADV
epaa-580	234	17	narrowing	narrow	VERB
epaa-580	234	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	234	19	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	234	20	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	234	21	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-580	234	22	to	to	PART
epaa-580	234	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	234	24	a	a	DET
epaa-580	234	25	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-580	234	26	balancing	balancing	NOUN
epaa-580	234	27	act	act	NOUN
epaa-580	234	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	235	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-580	235	2	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	235	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	235	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	235	5	opinions	opinion	NOUN
epaa-580	235	6	could	could	AUX
epaa-580	235	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	235	8	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-580	235	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	235	10	a	a	DET
epaa-580	235	11	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
epaa-580	235	12	summary	summary	NOUN
epaa-580	235	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	235	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	235	15	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	235	16	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	235	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	235	18	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	235	19	enough	enough	ADV
epaa-580	235	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	235	21	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	235	22	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	235	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	235	24	deemed	deem	VERB
epaa-580	235	25	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-580	235	26	enough	enough	ADV
epaa-580	235	27	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	235	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	235	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	235	30	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	235	31	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	235	32	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	235	33	to	to	PART
epaa-580	235	34	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	235	35	a	a	DET
epaa-580	235	36	shift	shift	NOUN
epaa-580	235	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	235	38	the	the	DET
epaa-580	235	39	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	235	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	235	41	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	235	42	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	235	43	the	the	DET
epaa-580	235	44	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	235	45	sampled	sample	VERB
epaa-580	235	46	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	235	47	the	the	DET
epaa-580	235	48	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	235	49	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	235	50	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	235	51	the	the	DET
epaa-580	235	52	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	235	53	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	235	54	the	the	DET
epaa-580	235	55	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	235	56	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	235	57	the	the	DET
epaa-580	235	58	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	235	59	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	235	60	not	not	PART
epaa-580	235	61	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	235	62	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	235	63	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	236	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	236	2	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	236	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	236	4	low	low	ADJ
epaa-580	236	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	236	6	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-580	236	7	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	236	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	236	9	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	236	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	236	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	236	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	236	13	testing	test	VERB
epaa-580	236	14	developmentally	developmentally	ADV
epaa-580	236	15	inappropriate	inappropriate	ADJ
epaa-580	236	16	materials	material	NOUN
epaa-580	236	17	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-580	236	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	236	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	236	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	236	21	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	236	22	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	236	23	reduce	reduce	VERB
epaa-580	236	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	236	25	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-580	236	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	236	27	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	236	28	the	the	DET
epaa-580	236	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	236	30	wish	wish	VERB
epaa-580	236	31	to	to	PART
epaa-580	236	32	spend	spend	VERB
epaa-580	236	33	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	236	34	other	other	ADJ
epaa-580	236	35	-what	-what	NOUN
epaa-580	236	36	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	236	37	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-580	236	38	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	236	39	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	236	40	-content	-content	NOUN
epaa-580	236	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	236	42	the	the	DET
epaa-580	236	43	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	236	44	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	236	45	not	not	PART
epaa-580	236	46	so	so	ADV
epaa-580	236	47	obvious	obvious	ADJ
epaa-580	236	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	237	1	12	12	NUM
epaa-580	237	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	237	3	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	237	4	b.	b.	NOUN
epaa-580	237	5	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-580	237	6	/	/	SYM
epaa-580	237	7	morale	morale	NOUN
epaa-580	237	8	/	/	SYM
epaa-580	237	9	stress	stress	NOUN
epaa-580	237	10	/	/	SYM
epaa-580	237	11	ethical	ethical	ADJ
epaa-580	237	12	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-580	237	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	237	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	237	15	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	237	16	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-580	237	17	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	237	18	decrease	decrease	VERB
epaa-580	237	19	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	238	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	238	2	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	238	3	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-580	238	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	238	5	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-580	238	6	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
epaa-580	238	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	238	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	238	9	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	238	10	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	238	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	238	12	to	to	PART
epaa-580	238	13	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-580	238	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	238	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	238	16	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	238	17	must	must	AUX
epaa-580	238	18	depend	depend	VERB
epaa-580	238	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	238	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	238	21	front	front	ADJ
epaa-580	238	22	line	line	NOUN
epaa-580	238	23	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	238	24	-the	-the	DET
epaa-580	238	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	238	26	-to	-to	INTJ
epaa-580	238	27	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-580	238	28	the	the	DET
epaa-580	238	29	charge	charge	NOUN
epaa-580	238	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	239	1	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	239	2	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	239	3	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	239	4	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	239	5	tend	tend	VERB
epaa-580	239	6	to	to	PART
epaa-580	239	7	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-580	239	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	239	9	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-580	239	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	239	11	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
epaa-580	239	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	239	13	ethical	ethical	ADJ
epaa-580	239	14	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-580	239	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	239	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	239	17	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	240	1	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	240	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	240	3	rottenberg	rottenberg	PROPN
epaa-580	240	4	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	240	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	240	6	external	external	ADJ
epaa-580	240	7	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	240	8	negatively	negatively	ADV
epaa-580	240	9	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-580	240	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	240	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	241	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	241	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	241	3	wrote	write	VERB
epaa-580	241	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	241	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	241	6	chagrin	chagrin	NOUN
epaa-580	241	7	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	241	8	felt	feel	VERB
epaa-580	241	9	comes	come	VERB
epaa-580	241	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	241	11	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	241	12	well	well	ADV
epaa-580	241	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	241	14	justified	justify	VERB
epaa-580	241	15	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-580	241	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	241	17	audiences	audience	NOUN
epaa-580	241	18	external	external	ADJ
epaa-580	241	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	241	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	241	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	241	22	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-580	241	23	interpretive	interpretive	ADJ
epaa-580	241	24	context	context	NOUN
epaa-580	241	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	241	26	attribute	attribute	VERB
epaa-580	241	27	low	low	ADJ
epaa-580	241	28	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	241	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	241	30	lazy	lazy	ADJ
epaa-580	241	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	241	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	241	33	weak	weak	ADJ
epaa-580	241	34	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	241	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	241	36	smith	smith	NOUN
epaa-580	241	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	241	38	rottenberg	rottenberg	PROPN
epaa-580	241	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	241	40	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	241	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	241	42	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	241	43	10	10	NUM
epaa-580	241	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	241	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	242	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-580	242	2	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	242	3	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	242	4	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	242	5	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	242	6	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-580	242	7	discussing	discuss	VERB
epaa-580	242	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	242	9	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	242	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	242	11	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-580	242	12	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	242	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	242	14	one	one	PRON
epaa-580	242	15	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	242	16	expect	expect	VERB
epaa-580	242	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	242	18	same	same	ADJ
epaa-580	242	19	reaction	reaction	NOUN
epaa-580	242	20	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	242	21	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	242	22	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	242	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	243	1	audiences	audience	NOUN
epaa-580	243	2	external	external	ADJ
epaa-580	243	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	243	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	243	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	243	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	243	7	no	no	ADV
epaa-580	243	8	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	243	9	able	able	ADJ
epaa-580	243	10	to	to	PART
epaa-580	243	11	infer	infer	VERB
epaa-580	243	12	correct	correct	ADJ
epaa-580	243	13	causes	cause	NOUN
epaa-580	243	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	243	15	low	low	ADJ
epaa-580	243	16	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	243	17	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	243	18	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	243	19	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	243	20	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-580	243	21	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	243	22	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	243	23	to	to	PART
epaa-580	243	24	infer	infer	VERB
epaa-580	243	25	correct	correct	ADJ
epaa-580	243	26	causes	cause	NOUN
epaa-580	243	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	243	28	low	low	ADJ
epaa-580	243	29	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	243	30	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	243	31	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	243	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	243	33	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	243	34	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	243	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	244	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	244	2	inference	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	244	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	244	4	lazy	lazy	ADJ
epaa-580	244	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	244	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	244	7	weak	weak	ADJ
epaa-580	244	8	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	244	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	244	10	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-580	244	11	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	244	12	no	no	ADV
epaa-580	244	13	matter	matter	ADV
epaa-580	244	14	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	244	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	244	16	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	244	17	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	244	18	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	244	19	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	244	20	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	244	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	245	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	245	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	245	3	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	245	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	245	5	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	245	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	245	7	keith	keith	PROPN
epaa-580	245	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	245	9	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	245	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	245	11	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	245	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	245	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	245	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	245	15	maryland	maryland	NOUN
epaa-580	245	16	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	245	17	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	245	18	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	245	19	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	245	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	245	21	mspap	mspap	NOUN
epaa-580	245	22	):	):	PUNCT
epaa-580	245	23	few	few	ADJ
epaa-580	245	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	245	25	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	245	26	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	245	27	morale	morale	NOUN
epaa-580	245	28	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	245	29	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	245	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	245	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	245	32	a	a	DET
epaa-580	245	33	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-580	245	34	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	245	35	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	245	36	mspap	mspap	PROPN
epaa-580	245	37	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	245	38	harmed	harm	VERB
epaa-580	245	39	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	245	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	246	1	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	247	1	57	57	NUM
epaa-580	247	2	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	247	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	247	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	247	5	responded	respond	VERB
epaa-580	247	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	247	7	mspap	mspap	PROPN
epaa-580	247	8	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	247	9	led	lead	VERB
epaa-580	247	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	247	11	a	a	DET
epaa-580	247	12	decrease	decrease	NOUN
epaa-580	247	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	247	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	247	15	morale	morale	NOUN
epaa-580	247	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	247	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	247	18	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	247	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	247	20	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-580	247	21	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	247	22	a	a	DET
epaa-580	247	23	few	few	ADJ
epaa-580	247	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	247	25	4	4	NUM
epaa-580	247	26	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	247	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	247	28	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	247	29	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	247	30	mspap	mspap	PROPN
epaa-580	247	31	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	247	32	produced	produce	VERB
epaa-580	247	33	an	an	DET
epaa-580	247	34	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	247	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	247	36	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	247	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	247	38	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	247	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	247	40	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	247	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	247	42	keith	keith	PROPN
epaa-580	247	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	247	44	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	247	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	247	46	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	247	47	24	24	NUM
epaa-580	247	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	247	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	248	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	248	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	248	3	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	248	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	248	5	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	248	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	248	7	stecher	stecher	PROPN
epaa-580	248	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	248	9	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	248	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	248	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	248	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	248	13	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	248	14	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	248	15	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	248	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	248	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	248	18	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	248	19	3/4	3/4	NUM
epaa-580	248	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	248	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	248	22	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	248	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	248	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	248	25	'	'	PART
epaa-580	248	26	morale	morale	NOUN
epaa-580	248	27	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	248	28	declined	decline	VERB
epaa-580	248	29	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	248	30	a	a	DET
epaa-580	248	31	result	result	NOUN
epaa-580	248	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	248	33	kiris	kiris	NOUN
epaa-580	248	34	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	248	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	248	36	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	248	37	x	x	NUM
epaa-580	248	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	248	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	249	1	stecklow	stecklow	NOUN
epaa-580	249	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	249	3	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	249	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	249	5	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	249	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	249	7	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	249	8	were	be	VERB
epaa-580	249	9	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
epaa-580	249	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	249	11	over	over	ADP
epaa-580	249	12	40	40	NUM
epaa-580	249	13	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	249	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	249	15	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	249	16	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	249	17	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	249	18	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	249	19	to	to	PART
epaa-580	249	20	divide	divide	VERB
epaa-580	249	21	up	up	ADP
epaa-580	249	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	249	23	reward	reward	NOUN
epaa-580	249	24	money	money	NOUN
epaa-580	249	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	250	1	so	so	ADV
epaa-580	250	2	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-580	250	3	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	250	4	not	not	PART
epaa-580	250	5	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-580	250	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	250	7	even	even	ADV
epaa-580	250	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	250	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	250	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	250	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	250	12	got	get	VERB
epaa-580	250	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	250	14	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-580	250	15	!	!	PUNCT
epaa-580	251	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	251	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	251	3	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	251	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	251	5	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	251	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	251	7	stecher	stecher	PROPN
epaa-580	251	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	251	9	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	251	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	251	11	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	251	12	found	find	VERB
epaa-580	251	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	251	14	principals	principal	NOUN
epaa-580	251	15	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	251	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	251	17	kiris	kiris	NOUN
epaa-580	251	18	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	251	19	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-580	251	20	attrition	attrition	NOUN
epaa-580	251	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	252	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	252	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	252	3	attrition	attrition	NOUN
epaa-580	252	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	252	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	252	6	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-580	252	7	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	252	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	252	9	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-580	252	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	252	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	253	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	253	2	respect	respect	NOUN
epaa-580	253	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	253	4	effort	effort	NOUN
epaa-580	253	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	253	6	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	253	7	least	least	ADJ
epaa-580	253	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	253	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	253	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	253	11	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	253	12	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	253	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	253	14	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	253	15	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-580	253	16	to	to	PART
epaa-580	253	17	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-580	253	18	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	253	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	253	20	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	253	21	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	253	22	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	253	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	253	24	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	253	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	253	26	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	253	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	253	28	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	253	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	253	30	stecher	stecher	NOUN
epaa-580	253	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	253	32	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	253	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	253	34	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	253	35	23	23	NUM
epaa-580	253	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	253	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	254	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	254	2	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	254	3	some	some	DET
epaa-580	254	4	point	point	NOUN
epaa-580	254	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	254	6	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	254	7	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-580	254	8	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-580	254	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	254	10	burnout	burnout	NOUN
epaa-580	254	11	-and	-and	PUNCT
epaa-580	254	12	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-580	254	13	attrition	attrition	NOUN
epaa-580	254	14	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	254	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	255	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	255	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	255	3	commonly	commonly	ADV
epaa-580	255	4	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-580	255	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	255	6	some	some	DET
epaa-580	255	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	255	8	engage	engage	VERB
epaa-580	255	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	255	10	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
epaa-580	255	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	255	12	questionable	questionable	ADJ
epaa-580	255	13	ethics	ethic	NOUN
epaa-580	255	14	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	255	15	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	255	16	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-580	255	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	255	18	administering	administer	VERB
epaa-580	255	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	255	20	scoring	score	VERB
epaa-580	255	21	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	255	22	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	255	23	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	255	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	255	25	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	255	26	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	255	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	256	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	256	2	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	256	3	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	256	4	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	256	5	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	257	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	257	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	257	3	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	257	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	257	5	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	257	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	257	7	stecher	stecher	PROPN
epaa-580	257	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	257	9	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	257	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	257	11	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	257	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	257	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	257	14	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	257	15	appreciable	appreciable	ADJ
epaa-580	257	16	minorities	minority	NOUN
epaa-580	257	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	257	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	257	19	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	257	20	questionable	questionable	ADJ
epaa-580	257	21	testadministration	testadministration	NOUN
epaa-580	257	22	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	257	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	257	24	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	257	25	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	257	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	258	1	about	about	ADV
epaa-580	258	2	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	258	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	258	4	third	third	NOUN
epaa-580	258	5	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	258	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	258	7	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	258	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	258	9	at	at	ADV
epaa-580	258	10	least	least	ADJ
epaa-580	258	11	occasionally	occasionally	ADV
epaa-580	258	12	rephrased	rephrase	VERB
epaa-580	258	13	during	during	ADP
epaa-580	258	14	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	258	15	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	258	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	258	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	258	18	roughly	roughly	ADV
epaa-580	258	19	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	258	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	258	21	five	five	NUM
epaa-580	258	22	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	258	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	258	24	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	258	25	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	258	26	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	258	27	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	258	28	answered	answer	VERB
epaa-580	258	29	during	during	ADP
epaa-580	258	30	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	258	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	258	32	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	258	33	revisions	revision	NOUN
epaa-580	258	34	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	258	35	recommended	recommend	VERB
epaa-580	258	36	during	during	ADP
epaa-580	258	37	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	258	38	after	after	ADP
epaa-580	258	39	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	258	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	258	41	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	258	42	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	258	43	hints	hint	NOUN
epaa-580	258	44	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	258	45	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-580	258	46	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	258	47	correct	correct	ADJ
epaa-580	258	48	answers	answer	NOUN
epaa-580	258	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	259	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	259	2	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	259	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	259	4	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	259	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	259	6	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	259	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	259	8	stecher	stecher	NOUN
epaa-580	259	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	259	10	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	259	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	259	12	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	259	13	xiii	xiii	PROPN
epaa-580	259	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	259	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	260	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	260	2	summary	summary	NOUN
epaa-580	260	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	260	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	260	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	260	6	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	260	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	260	8	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	260	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	260	10	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	260	11	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	260	12	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	260	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	260	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	260	15	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-580	260	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	260	17	morale	morale	NOUN
epaa-580	260	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	260	19	stress	stress	NOUN
epaa-580	260	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	260	21	ethical	ethical	ADJ
epaa-580	260	22	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-580	260	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	260	24	sketchy	sketchy	ADJ
epaa-580	260	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	261	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	261	2	what	what	DET
epaa-580	261	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	261	4	13	13	NUM
epaa-580	261	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	261	6	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	261	7	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	261	8	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	261	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	261	10	coupled	couple	VERB
epaa-580	261	11	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	261	12	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	261	13	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-580	261	14	logical	logical	ADJ
epaa-580	261	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	261	16	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	261	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	261	18	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-580	261	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	261	20	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	261	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	261	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	261	23	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	261	24	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-580	261	25	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-580	261	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	261	27	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-580	261	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	261	29	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	261	30	burnout	burnout	NOUN
epaa-580	261	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	261	32	decrease	decrease	VERB
epaa-580	261	33	morale	morale	NOUN
epaa-580	261	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	261	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	261	36	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-580	261	37	the	the	DET
epaa-580	261	38	probability	probability	NOUN
epaa-580	261	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	261	40	unethical	unethical	ADJ
epaa-580	261	41	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-580	261	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	262	1	c.	c.	NOUN
epaa-580	262	2	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-580	262	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	262	4	self	self	NOUN
epaa-580	262	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	262	6	concepts	concept	NOUN
epaa-580	262	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	262	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	262	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	262	10	up	up	ADV
epaa-580	262	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	262	12	down	down	ADV
epaa-580	262	13	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	263	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	263	2	respect	respect	NOUN
epaa-580	263	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	263	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	263	5	impacts	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	263	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	263	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	263	8	affect	affect	NOUN
epaa-580	263	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	263	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	263	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	263	12	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	263	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	263	14	again	again	ADV
epaa-580	263	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	263	16	a	a	DET
epaa-580	263	17	subarea	subarea	NOUN
epaa-580	263	18	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-580	263	19	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	263	20	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	263	21	not	not	PART
epaa-580	263	22	a	a	DET
epaa-580	263	23	great	great	ADJ
epaa-580	263	24	deal	deal	NOUN
epaa-580	263	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	263	26	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-580	263	27	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	263	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	264	1	logic	logic	NOUN
epaa-580	264	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	264	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	264	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	264	5	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	264	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	264	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	264	8	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	264	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	264	10	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-580	264	11	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	264	12	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	264	13	those	those	DET
epaa-580	264	14	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	264	15	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-580	264	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	264	17	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	264	18	apply	apply	VERB
epaa-580	264	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	264	20	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	264	21	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	264	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	264	23	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	264	24	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-580	264	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	264	26	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	264	27	impact	impact	VERB
epaa-580	264	28	the	the	DET
epaa-580	264	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	264	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	265	1	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	265	2	surely	surely	ADV
epaa-580	265	3	depends	depend	VERB
epaa-580	265	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	265	5	whose	whose	DET
epaa-580	265	6	ox	ox	NOUN
epaa-580	265	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	265	8	getting	getting	AUX
epaa-580	265	9	gored	gore	VERB
epaa-580	265	10	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	265	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	265	12	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	265	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	266	1	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	266	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	266	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	266	4	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	266	5	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	266	6	depend	depend	VERB
epaa-580	266	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	266	8	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	266	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	266	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	266	11	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	266	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	266	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	267	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	267	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	267	3	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
epaa-580	267	4	to	to	PART
epaa-580	267	5	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	267	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	267	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	267	8	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	267	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	267	10	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-580	267	11	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-580	267	12	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	267	13	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	267	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	267	15	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-580	267	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	267	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	267	18	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	267	19	majority	majority	NOUN
epaa-580	267	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	267	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	267	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	267	23	whom	whom	PRON
epaa-580	267	24	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	267	25	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	267	26	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	267	27	not	not	PART
epaa-580	267	28	present	present	VERB
epaa-580	267	29	a	a	DET
epaa-580	267	30	challenge	challenge	NOUN
epaa-580	267	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	268	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	268	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	268	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	268	4	those	those	DET
epaa-580	268	5	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	268	6	who	who	PRON
epaa-580	268	7	had	have	VERB
epaa-580	268	8	trouble	trouble	NOUN
epaa-580	268	9	getting	get	VERB
epaa-580	268	10	over	over	ADP
epaa-580	268	11	such	such	DET
epaa-580	268	12	a	a	DET
epaa-580	268	13	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-580	268	14	hurdle	hurdle	NOUN
epaa-580	268	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	268	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	268	17	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	268	18	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-580	268	19	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	268	20	both	both	PRON
epaa-580	268	21	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-580	268	22	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-580	268	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	268	24	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-580	268	25	frustration	frustration	NOUN
epaa-580	268	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	268	27	stress	stress	VERB
epaa-580	268	28	-the	-the	DET
epaa-580	268	29	exact	exact	ADJ
epaa-580	268	30	mix	mix	NOUN
epaa-580	268	31	varying	vary	VERB
epaa-580	268	32	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	268	33	the	the	DET
epaa-580	268	34	personality	personality	NOUN
epaa-580	268	35	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-580	268	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	268	37	the	the	DET
epaa-580	268	38	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	268	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	269	1	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	269	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	269	3	rottenberg	rottenberg	PROPN
epaa-580	269	4	found	find	VERB
epaa-580	269	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	269	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	269	7	younger	young	ADJ
epaa-580	269	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	269	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	269	10	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-580	269	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	269	12	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-580	269	13	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	269	14	cause	cause	VERB
epaa-580	269	15	stress	stress	NOUN
epaa-580	269	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	269	17	frustration	frustration	NOUN
epaa-580	269	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	269	19	burnout	burnout	NOUN
epaa-580	269	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	269	21	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
epaa-580	269	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	269	23	physical	physical	ADJ
epaa-580	269	24	illness	illness	NOUN
epaa-580	269	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	269	26	misbehavior	misbehavior	NOUN
epaa-580	269	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	269	28	fighting	fighting	NOUN
epaa-580	269	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	269	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	269	31	psychological	psychological	ADJ
epaa-580	269	32	distress	distress	NOUN
epaa-580	269	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	269	34	smith	smith	NOUN
epaa-580	269	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	269	36	rottenberg	rottenberg	PROPN
epaa-580	269	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	269	38	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	269	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	269	40	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	269	41	10	10	NUM
epaa-580	269	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	269	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	270	1	that	that	DET
epaa-580	270	2	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-580	270	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	270	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	270	5	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	270	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	270	7	true	true	ADJ
epaa-580	270	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	270	9	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	270	10	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-580	270	11	does	do	AUX
epaa-580	270	12	not	not	PART
epaa-580	270	13	constitute	constitute	VERB
epaa-580	270	14	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-580	270	15	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	270	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	271	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	271	2	come	come	VERB
epaa-580	271	3	closer	close	ADV
epaa-580	271	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	271	5	ebel	ebel	VERB
epaa-580	271	6	's	's	PART
epaa-580	271	7	view	view	NOUN
epaa-580	271	8	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	271	9	he	he	PRON
epaa-580	271	10	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	271	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	271	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	271	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	271	14	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	271	15	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-580	271	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	271	17	a	a	DET
epaa-580	271	18	child	child	NOUN
epaa-580	271	19	's	's	PART
epaa-580	271	20	peace	peace	NOUN
epaa-580	271	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	271	22	mind	mind	NOUN
epaa-580	271	23	caused	cause	VERB
epaa-580	271	24	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	271	25	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	271	26	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-580	271	27	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	271	28	angry	angry	ADJ
epaa-580	271	29	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-580	271	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	271	31	playground	playground	NOUN
epaa-580	271	32	bullies	bully	NOUN
epaa-580	271	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	271	34	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	271	35	dogs	dog	NOUN
epaa-580	271	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	271	37	shots	shot	NOUN
epaa-580	271	38	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	271	39	the	the	DET
epaa-580	271	40	doctor	doctor	NOUN
epaa-580	271	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	271	42	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	271	43	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-580	271	44	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	271	45	go	go	VERB
epaa-580	271	46	bump	bump	ADV
epaa-580	271	47	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	271	48	the	the	DET
epaa-580	271	49	night	night	NOUN
epaa-580	271	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	271	51	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-580	271	52	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	271	53	must	must	AUX
epaa-580	271	54	surely	surely	ADV
epaa-580	271	55	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	271	56	among	among	ADP
epaa-580	271	57	the	the	DET
epaa-580	271	58	least	least	ADJ
epaa-580	271	59	fearsome	fearsome	ADJ
epaa-580	271	60	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	271	61	most	most	ADJ
epaa-580	271	62	children	child	NOUN
epaa-580	271	63	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	271	64	ebel	ebel	ADJ
epaa-580	271	65	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	271	66	1976	1976	NUM
epaa-580	271	67	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	271	68	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	271	69	5	5	NUM
epaa-580	271	70	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	271	71	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	272	1	lane	lane	PROPN
epaa-580	272	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	272	3	parke	parke	PROPN
epaa-580	272	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	272	5	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	272	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	272	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	272	8	reporting	report	VERB
epaa-580	272	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	272	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	272	11	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	272	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	272	13	a	a	DET
epaa-580	272	14	math	math	NOUN
epaa-580	272	15	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	272	16	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	272	17	found	find	VERB
epaa-580	272	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	272	19	some	some	DET
epaa-580	272	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	272	21	developed	develop	VERB
epaa-580	272	22	feelings	feeling	NOUN
epaa-580	272	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	272	24	inadequacy	inadequacy	NOUN
epaa-580	272	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	272	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	272	27	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	272	28	a	a	DET
epaa-580	272	29	result	result	NOUN
epaa-580	272	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	272	31	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	272	32	less	less	ADV
epaa-580	272	33	motivated	motivated	ADJ
epaa-580	272	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	273	1	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-580	273	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	273	3	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	273	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	273	5	found	find	VERB
epaa-580	273	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	273	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	273	8	percent	percent	NOUN
epaa-580	273	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	273	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	273	11	responding	respond	VERB
epaa-580	273	12	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-580	273	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	273	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	273	15	statement	statement	NOUN
epaa-580	273	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	273	17	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	273	18	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	273	19	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	273	20	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	273	21	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	273	22	confidence	confidence	NOUN
epaa-580	273	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	273	24	ranged	range	VERB
epaa-580	273	25	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	273	26	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	273	27	9.1	9.1	NUM
epaa-580	273	28	to	to	PART
epaa-580	273	29	37.6	37.6	NUM
epaa-580	273	30	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	273	31	across	across	ADP
epaa-580	273	32	five	five	NUM
epaa-580	273	33	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	273	34	contexts	contexts	NOUN
epaa-580	273	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	274	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	274	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	274	3	kane	kane	PROPN
epaa-580	274	4	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	274	5	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	274	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	274	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	274	8	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	274	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	274	10	employing	employ	VERB
epaa-580	274	11	a	a	DET
epaa-580	274	12	qualitative	qualitative	NOUN
epaa-580	274	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	274	14	case	case	NOUN
epaa-580	274	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	274	16	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	274	17	methodology	methodology	NOUN
epaa-580	274	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	274	19	visiting	visit	VERB
epaa-580	274	20	16	16	NUM
epaa-580	274	21	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	274	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	274	23	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	274	24	not	not	PART
epaa-580	274	25	confirmed	confirm	VERB
epaa-580	274	26	to	to	PART
epaa-580	274	27	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	274	28	representative	representative	ADJ
epaa-580	274	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	274	30	--p	--p	PROPN
epaa-580	274	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	275	1	xvi	xvi	NOUN
epaa-580	275	2	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	275	3	developing	develop	VERB
epaa-580	275	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	275	5	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-580	275	6	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	275	7	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	275	8	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	275	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	275	10	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	275	11	interviewees	interviewee	NOUN
epaa-580	275	12	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	275	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	275	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	275	15	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
epaa-580	275	16	a	a	DET
epaa-580	275	17	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-580	275	18	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-580	275	19	to	to	PART
epaa-580	275	20	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-580	275	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	275	22	a	a	DET
epaa-580	275	23	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-580	275	24	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-580	275	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	275	26	engagement	engagement	NOUN
epaa-580	275	27	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	275	28	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	275	29	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-580	275	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	275	31	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-580	275	32	assignments	assignment	NOUN
epaa-580	275	33	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	275	34	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	275	35	other	other	ADJ
epaa-580	275	36	types	type	NOUN
epaa-580	275	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	275	38	assignments	assignment	NOUN
epaa-580	275	39	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	275	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	275	41	kane	kane	PROPN
epaa-580	275	42	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	275	43	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	275	44	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	275	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	275	46	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	275	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	275	48	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	275	49	201	201	NUM
epaa-580	275	50	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	275	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	276	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	276	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	276	3	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	276	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	276	5	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	276	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	276	7	stecher	stecher	PROPN
epaa-580	276	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	276	9	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	276	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	276	11	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	276	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	276	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	276	14	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	276	15	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	276	16	third	third	NOUN
epaa-580	276	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	276	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	276	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	276	20	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	276	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	276	22	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	276	23	'	'	PART
epaa-580	276	24	morale	morale	NOUN
epaa-580	276	25	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	276	26	deteriorated	deteriorate	VERB
epaa-580	276	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	276	28	virtually	virtually	ADV
epaa-580	276	29	none	none	NOUN
epaa-580	276	30	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	276	31	an	an	DET
epaa-580	276	32	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	276	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	276	34	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	276	35	morale	morale	NOUN
epaa-580	276	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	277	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	277	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	277	3	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	277	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	277	5	an	an	DET
epaa-580	277	6	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-580	277	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	277	8	writing	writing	NOUN
epaa-580	277	9	caused	cause	VERB
epaa-580	277	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	277	11	to	to	PART
epaa-580	277	12	become	become	VERB
epaa-580	277	13	tired	tired	ADJ
epaa-580	277	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	277	15	writing	writing	NOUN
epaa-580	277	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	278	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	278	2	mentioned	mention	VERB
epaa-580	278	3	earlier	early	ADV
epaa-580	278	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	278	5	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	278	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	278	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	278	8	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-580	278	9	effecting	effect	VERB
epaa-580	278	10	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	278	11	affect	affect	NOUN
epaa-580	278	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	278	13	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	278	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	278	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	278	16	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	278	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	278	18	set	set	VERB
epaa-580	278	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	279	1	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-580	279	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	279	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	279	4	not	not	PART
epaa-580	279	5	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	279	6	to	to	PART
epaa-580	279	7	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	279	8	a	a	DET
epaa-580	279	9	major	major	ADJ
epaa-580	279	10	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	279	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	280	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	280	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	280	3	might	might	AUX
epaa-580	280	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	281	1	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	281	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	281	3	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-580	281	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	281	5	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	281	6	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	281	7	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	281	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	281	9	14	14	NUM
epaa-580	281	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	281	11	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	281	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	281	13	dual	dual	ADJ
epaa-580	281	14	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-580	281	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	281	16	setting	set	VERB
epaa-580	281	17	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	281	18	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	281	19	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	281	20	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	281	21	certification	certification	NOUN
epaa-580	281	22	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	281	23	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	281	24	both	both	PRON
epaa-580	281	25	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	281	26	world	world	NOUN
epaa-580	281	27	class	class	NOUN
epaa-580	281	28	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	281	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	281	30	apply	apply	VERB
epaa-580	281	31	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	281	32	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	281	33	all	all	PRON
epaa-580	281	34	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	281	35	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	281	36	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	281	37	laudable	laudable	ADJ
epaa-580	281	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	281	39	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	281	40	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	281	41	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	281	42	not	not	PART
epaa-580	281	43	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-580	281	44	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	281	45	assumed	assume	VERB
epaa-580	281	46	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	281	47	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	281	48	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	281	49	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	281	50	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	281	51	result	result	VERB
epaa-580	281	52	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	281	53	this	this	DET
epaa-580	281	54	press	press	NOUN
epaa-580	281	55	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	281	56	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	281	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	281	58	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-580	281	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	281	60	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	281	61	8)	8)	NUM
epaa-580	281	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	282	1	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	282	2	quoted	quote	VERB
epaa-580	282	3	coffman	coffman	PROPN
epaa-580	282	4	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	282	5	follows	follow	VERB
epaa-580	282	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	282	7	holding	hold	VERB
epaa-580	282	8	common	common	ADJ
epaa-580	282	9	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	282	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	282	11	all	all	DET
epaa-580	282	12	pupils	pupil	NOUN
epaa-580	282	13	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	282	14	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	282	15	encourage	encourage	VERB
epaa-580	282	16	a	a	DET
epaa-580	282	17	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
epaa-580	282	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	282	19	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	282	20	experiences	experience	NOUN
epaa-580	282	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	282	22	most	most	ADJ
epaa-580	282	23	pupils	pupil	NOUN
epaa-580	282	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	282	25	doom	doom	NOUN
epaa-580	282	26	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	282	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	282	28	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-580	282	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	282	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	282	31	limit	limit	VERB
epaa-580	282	32	the	the	DET
epaa-580	282	33	development	development	NOUN
epaa-580	282	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	282	35	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	282	36	worthy	worthy	ADJ
epaa-580	282	37	talents	talent	NOUN
epaa-580	282	38	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	282	39	coffman	coffman	PROPN
epaa-580	282	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	282	41	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-580	282	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	282	43	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	282	44	8	8	NUM
epaa-580	282	45	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	282	46	quoted	quote	VERB
epaa-580	282	47	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	282	48	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	282	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	282	50	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-580	282	51	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	282	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	283	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	283	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	283	3	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-580	283	4	putting	put	VERB
epaa-580	283	5	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	283	6	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	283	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	283	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	283	9	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	283	10	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	283	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	283	12	under	under	ADP
epaa-580	283	13	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	283	14	much	much	ADJ
epaa-580	283	15	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-580	283	16	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	283	17	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	283	18	hold	hold	VERB
epaa-580	283	19	unrealistically	unrealistically	ADV
epaa-580	283	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	283	21	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	283	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	283	23	all	all	DET
epaa-580	283	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	283	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	284	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	284	2	bracey	bracey	PROPN
epaa-580	284	3	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	284	4	said	say	VERB
epaa-580	284	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	284	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	284	7	an	an	DET
epaa-580	284	8	article	article	NOUN
epaa-580	284	9	entitled	entitle	VERB
epaa-580	284	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	284	11	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-580	284	12	happens	happen	VERB
epaa-580	284	13	-get	-get	NOUN
epaa-580	284	14	over	over	ADP
epaa-580	284	15	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	284	16	!	!	PUNCT
epaa-580	284	17	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	285	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	285	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	285	3	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-580	285	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	285	5	a	a	DET
epaa-580	285	6	period	period	NOUN
epaa-580	285	7	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	285	8	adheres	adhere	VERB
epaa-580	285	9	rabidly	rabidly	ADV
epaa-580	285	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	285	11	an	an	DET
epaa-580	285	12	allchildren	allchildren	NOUN
epaa-580	285	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	285	14	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	285	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	285	16	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-580	285	17	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
epaa-580	285	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	285	19	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	286	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	286	2	stance	stance	NOUN
epaa-580	286	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	286	4	a	a	DET
epaa-580	286	5	philosophical	philosophical	ADJ
epaa-580	286	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	286	7	moral	moral	ADJ
epaa-580	286	8	-almost	-almost	ADJ
epaa-580	286	9	religious	religious	ADJ
epaa-580	286	10	-posture	-posture	NOUN
epaa-580	286	11	taken	take	VERB
epaa-580	286	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	286	13	a	a	DET
epaa-580	286	14	wide	wide	ADJ
epaa-580	286	15	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
epaa-580	286	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	286	17	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	286	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	286	19	psychologists	psychologist	NOUN
epaa-580	286	20	who	who	PRON
epaa-580	286	21	ought	ought	AUX
epaa-580	286	22	to	to	PART
epaa-580	286	23	know	know	VERB
epaa-580	286	24	better	well	ADV
epaa-580	286	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	286	26	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	287	1	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	287	2	telling	tell	VERB
epaa-580	287	3	everyone	everyone	PRON
epaa-580	287	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	287	5	all	all	DET
epaa-580	287	6	children	child	NOUN
epaa-580	287	7	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	287	8	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-580	287	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	287	10	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	287	11	set	set	VERB
epaa-580	287	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	287	13	stage	stage	NOUN
epaa-580	287	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	287	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	287	16	next	next	ADJ
epaa-580	287	17	great	great	ADJ
epaa-580	287	18	round	round	NOUN
epaa-580	287	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	287	20	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	287	21	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-580	287	22	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	287	23	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	287	24	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	287	25	revealed	reveal	VERB
epaa-580	287	26	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	287	27	not	not	PART
epaa-580	287	28	everyone	everyone	PRON
epaa-580	287	29	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	287	30	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-580	287	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	287	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	287	33	spite	spite	NOUN
epaa-580	287	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	287	35	our	our	PRON
epaa-580	287	36	sincere	sincere	ADJ
epaa-580	287	37	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-580	287	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	287	39	improved	improved	ADJ
epaa-580	287	40	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	287	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	288	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	288	2	bracey	bracey	PROPN
epaa-580	288	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	288	4	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	288	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	288	6	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	288	7	22	22	NUM
epaa-580	288	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	288	9	26	26	NUM
epaa-580	288	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	288	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	289	1	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	289	2	course	course	NOUN
epaa-580	289	3	his	his	PRON
epaa-580	289	4	point	point	NOUN
epaa-580	289	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	289	6	not	not	PART
epaa-580	289	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	289	8	some	some	DET
epaa-580	289	9	children	child	NOUN
epaa-580	289	10	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	289	11	not	not	PART
epaa-580	289	12	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-580	289	13	anything	anything	PRON
epaa-580	289	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	289	15	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	289	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	289	17	not	not	PART
epaa-580	289	18	everyone	everyone	PRON
epaa-580	289	19	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	289	20	achieve	achieve	VERB
epaa-580	289	21	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	289	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	289	23	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	289	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	289	25	academics	academic	NOUN
epaa-580	289	26	anymore	anymore	ADV
epaa-580	289	27	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-580	289	28	everyone	everyone	PRON
epaa-580	289	29	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	289	30	become	become	VERB
epaa-580	289	31	athletically	athletically	ADV
epaa-580	289	32	proficient	proficient	ADJ
epaa-580	289	33	enough	enough	ADV
epaa-580	289	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	289	35	every	every	DET
epaa-580	289	36	sport	sport	NOUN
epaa-580	289	37	to	to	PART
epaa-580	289	38	play	play	VERB
epaa-580	289	39	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	289	40	the	the	DET
epaa-580	289	41	varsity	varsity	NOUN
epaa-580	289	42	teams	team	NOUN
epaa-580	289	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	290	1	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	290	2	true	true	ADJ
epaa-580	290	3	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	290	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	290	5	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	290	6	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	290	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	290	8	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	290	9	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	290	10	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	290	11	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	290	12	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	290	13	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	291	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	291	2	mandating	mandate	VERB
epaa-580	291	3	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	291	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	291	5	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	291	6	makers	maker	NOUN
epaa-580	291	7	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	291	8	created	create	VERB
epaa-580	291	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	291	10	illusion	illusion	NOUN
epaa-580	291	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	291	12	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	291	13	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	291	14	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	291	15	synonymous	synonymous	ADJ
epaa-580	291	16	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	291	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	291	18	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	291	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	291	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	291	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	291	22	madaus	madau	NOUN
epaa-580	291	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	291	24	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-580	291	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	291	26	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	291	27	617	617	NUM
epaa-580	291	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	291	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	292	1	all	all	PRON
epaa-580	292	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	292	3	us	we	PRON
epaa-580	292	4	recognize	recognize	VERB
epaa-580	292	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	292	6	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	292	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	292	8	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-580	292	9	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-580	292	10	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	292	11	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	292	12	to	to	PART
epaa-580	292	13	go	go	VERB
epaa-580	292	14	up	up	ADP
epaa-580	292	15	without	without	ADP
epaa-580	292	16	an	an	DET
epaa-580	292	17	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	292	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	292	19	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	292	20	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	292	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	292	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	292	23	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	292	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	292	25	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	292	26	supposedly	supposedly	ADV
epaa-580	292	27	samples	sample	VERB
epaa-580	292	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	293	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-580	293	2	occurs	occur	VERB
epaa-580	293	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	293	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	293	5	example	example	NOUN
epaa-580	293	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	293	7	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	293	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	293	9	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-580	293	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	293	11	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	293	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	293	13	non	non	ADJ
epaa-580	293	14	-	-	ADJ
epaa-580	293	15	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	293	16	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	293	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	294	1	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	294	2	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	294	3	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-580	294	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	294	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	294	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	294	7	results	result	VERB
epaa-580	294	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	294	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	294	10	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	294	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	294	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	294	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	294	14	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	294	15	being	be	AUX
epaa-580	294	16	corrupted	corrupt	VERB
epaa-580	294	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	295	1	one	one	PRON
epaa-580	295	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	295	3	no	no	ADV
epaa-580	295	4	longer	long	ADV
epaa-580	295	5	make	make	VERB
epaa-580	295	6	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	295	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	295	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	295	9	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	295	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	295	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	295	12	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	295	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	296	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	296	2	lake	lake	PROPN
epaa-580	296	3	wobegon	wobegon	PROPN
epaa-580	296	4	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	296	5	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	296	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	297	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	297	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	297	3	us	we	PRON
epaa-580	297	4	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	297	5	written	write	VERB
epaa-580	297	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	297	7	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	297	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	297	9	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-580	297	10	mehrens	mehren	NOUN
epaa-580	297	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	297	12	kaminski	kaminski	PROPN
epaa-580	297	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	297	14	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-580	297	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	297	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	298	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	298	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	298	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	298	4	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	298	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	298	6	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	298	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	298	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	298	9	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	298	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	298	11	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	298	12	samples	sample	NOUN
epaa-580	298	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	298	14	made	make	VERB
epaa-580	298	15	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	298	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	298	17	corrupting	corrupt	VERB
epaa-580	298	18	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-580	298	19	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	298	20	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	298	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	298	22	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	298	23	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	298	24	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	298	25	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-580	298	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	299	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	299	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	299	3	inference	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	299	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	299	5	rising	rise	VERB
epaa-580	299	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	299	7	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	299	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	299	9	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	299	10	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	299	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	299	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	299	13	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	299	14	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	299	15	learned	learn	VERB
epaa-580	299	16	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	299	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	299	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	299	19	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	299	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	299	21	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	299	22	samples	sample	NOUN
epaa-580	299	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	299	24	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	299	25	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	299	26	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	299	27	a	a	DET
epaa-580	299	28	correct	correct	ADJ
epaa-580	299	29	inference	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	299	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	300	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	300	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	300	3	those	those	PRON
epaa-580	300	4	making	make	VERB
epaa-580	300	5	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	300	6	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	300	7	not	not	PART
epaa-580	300	8	realize	realize	VERB
epaa-580	300	9	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	300	10	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-580	300	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	300	12	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	300	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	300	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	300	15	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	300	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	300	17	a	a	DET
epaa-580	300	18	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	300	19	sampling	sample	VERB
epaa-580	300	20	a	a	DET
epaa-580	300	21	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-580	300	22	sounding	sounding	NOUN
epaa-580	300	23	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	300	24	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
epaa-580	300	25	differently	differently	ADV
epaa-580	300	26	defined	define	VERB
epaa-580	300	27	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	300	28	might	might	AUX
epaa-580	300	29	give	give	VERB
epaa-580	300	30	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	300	31	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	300	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	301	1	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	301	2	course	course	ADV
epaa-580	301	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	301	4	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	301	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	301	6	inference	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	301	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	301	8	rising	rise	VERB
epaa-580	301	9	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	301	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	301	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	301	12	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	301	13	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	301	14	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	301	15	gone	go	VERB
epaa-580	301	16	up	up	ADP
epaa-580	301	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	301	18	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	301	19	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	301	20	not	not	PART
epaa-580	301	21	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	301	22	true	true	ADJ
epaa-580	301	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	302	1	1	1	X
epaa-580	302	2	.	.	X
epaa-580	302	3	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	302	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	302	5	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-580	302	6	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	302	7	pipho	pipho	NOUN
epaa-580	302	8	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	302	9	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	302	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	302	11	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	302	12	ironically	ironically	ADV
epaa-580	302	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	302	14	every	every	DET
epaa-580	302	15	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	302	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	302	17	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	302	18	initiated	initiate	VERB
epaa-580	302	19	a	a	DET
epaa-580	302	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	302	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	302	22	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-580	302	23	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	302	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	302	25	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-580	302	26	8	8	NUM
epaa-580	302	27	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	302	28	9	9	NUM
epaa-580	302	29	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	302	30	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	302	31	an	an	DET
epaa-580	302	32	initial	initial	ADJ
epaa-580	302	33	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-580	302	34	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-580	302	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	302	36	approximately	approximately	ADV
epaa-580	302	37	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	302	38	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	302	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	303	1	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	303	2	12th	12th	ADJ
epaa-580	303	3	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-580	303	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	303	5	using	use	VERB
epaa-580	303	6	remediation	remediation	NOUN
epaa-580	303	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	303	8	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
epaa-580	303	9	twice	twice	ADV
epaa-580	303	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	303	11	a	a	DET
epaa-580	303	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	303	13	year	year	NOUN
epaa-580	303	14	retests	retest	NOUN
epaa-580	303	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	303	16	15	15	NUM
epaa-580	303	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	303	18	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	303	19	this	this	DET
epaa-580	303	20	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-580	303	21	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-580	303	22	always	always	ADV
epaa-580	303	23	gets	get	VERB
epaa-580	303	24	down	down	ADP
epaa-580	303	25	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	303	26	well	well	ADV
epaa-580	303	27	under	under	ADP
epaa-580	303	28	5	5	NUM
epaa-580	303	29	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	303	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	303	31	pipho	pipho	NOUN
epaa-580	303	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	303	33	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	303	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	303	35	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	303	36	673	673	NUM
epaa-580	303	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	303	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	304	1	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	304	2	this	this	DET
epaa-580	304	3	true	true	ADJ
epaa-580	304	4	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	304	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	304	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	304	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	304	8	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	304	9	a	a	DET
epaa-580	304	10	result	result	NOUN
epaa-580	304	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	304	12	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	304	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	304	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	304	15	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	304	16	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	305	1	recall	recall	VERB
epaa-580	305	2	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	305	3	these	these	DET
epaa-580	305	4	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	305	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	305	6	supposedly	supposedly	ADV
epaa-580	305	7	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	305	8	so	so	SCONJ
epaa-580	305	9	one	one	PRON
epaa-580	305	10	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	305	11	not	not	PART
epaa-580	305	12	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-580	305	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	305	14	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	305	15	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	305	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	306	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	306	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	306	3	one	one	PRON
epaa-580	306	4	could	could	AUX
epaa-580	306	5	limit	limit	VERB
epaa-580	306	6	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	306	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	306	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	306	9	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	306	10	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	306	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	306	12	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	306	13	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-580	306	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	307	1	my	my	PRON
epaa-580	307	2	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
epaa-580	307	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	307	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	307	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	307	6	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	307	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	307	8	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	307	9	represents	represent	VERB
epaa-580	307	10	a	a	DET
epaa-580	307	11	true	true	ADJ
epaa-580	307	12	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	307	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	307	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	307	15	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	307	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	307	17	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	307	18	samples	sample	NOUN
epaa-580	307	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	307	20	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	307	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	307	22	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	307	23	does	do	AUX
epaa-580	307	24	not	not	PART
epaa-580	307	25	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-580	307	26	follow	follow	VERB
epaa-580	307	27	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	307	28	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	307	29	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	307	30	a	a	DET
epaa-580	307	31	true	true	ADJ
epaa-580	307	32	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	307	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	307	34	the	the	DET
epaa-580	307	35	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	307	36	'	'	PART
epaa-580	307	37	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	307	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	308	1	2	2	X
epaa-580	308	2	.	.	X
epaa-580	308	3	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	308	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	308	5	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	308	6	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	308	7	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	308	8	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	308	9	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	308	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	308	11	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	309	1	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	309	2	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	309	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	309	4	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	309	5	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-580	309	6	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-580	309	7	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	309	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	309	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	309	10	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	309	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	309	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	309	13	an	an	DET
epaa-580	309	14	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	309	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	309	16	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	309	17	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	309	18	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	310	1	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-580	310	2	no	no	PRON
epaa-580	310	3	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	310	4	so	so	ADV
epaa-580	310	5	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	310	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	310	7	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	310	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	310	9	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	310	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	310	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	310	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	310	13	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
epaa-580	310	14	less	less	ADV
epaa-580	310	15	so	so	ADV
epaa-580	310	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	311	1	even	even	ADV
epaa-580	311	2	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	311	3	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	311	4	tasks	task	NOUN
epaa-580	311	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	311	6	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	311	7	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	311	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	311	9	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	311	10	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	311	11	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	311	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	311	13	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-580	311	14	thought	think	VERB
epaa-580	311	15	to	to	PART
epaa-580	311	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	311	17	even	even	ADV
epaa-580	311	18	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	311	19	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	311	20	memorable	memorable	ADJ
epaa-580	311	21	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	311	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	311	23	reusing	reuse	VERB
epaa-580	311	24	such	such	ADJ
epaa-580	311	25	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	311	26	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	311	27	result	result	VERB
epaa-580	311	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	311	29	corrupted	corrupted	ADJ
epaa-580	311	30	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	311	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	312	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	312	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	312	3	inference	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	312	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	312	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	312	6	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	312	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	312	8	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	312	9	task	task	NOUN
epaa-580	312	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	312	11	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	312	12	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	312	13	not	not	PART
epaa-580	312	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	312	15	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	312	16	much	much	ADJ
epaa-580	312	17	corruption	corruption	NOUN
epaa-580	312	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	312	19	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	312	20	any	any	DET
epaa-580	312	21	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	312	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	312	23	a	a	DET
epaa-580	312	24	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	312	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	312	26	task	task	NOUN
epaa-580	312	27	represents	represent	VERB
epaa-580	312	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	312	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	312	30	the	the	DET
epaa-580	312	31	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	312	32	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	312	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	312	34	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	312	35	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	312	36	as	as	ADV
epaa-580	312	37	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	312	38	to	to	PART
epaa-580	312	39	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	312	40	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ
epaa-580	312	41	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	312	42	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	312	43	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	312	44	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	312	45	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	312	46	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	312	47	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	312	48	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	312	49	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	312	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	313	1	shepard	shepard	NOUN
epaa-580	313	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	313	3	flexer	flexer	PROPN
epaa-580	313	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	313	5	hiebert	hiebert	NOUN
epaa-580	313	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	313	7	marion	marion	PROPN
epaa-580	313	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	313	9	mayfield	mayfield	PROPN
epaa-580	313	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	313	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	313	12	weston	weston	PROPN
epaa-580	313	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	313	14	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	313	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	313	16	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-580	313	17	a	a	DET
epaa-580	313	18	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	313	19	investigating	investigate	VERB
epaa-580	313	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	313	21	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	313	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	313	23	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	313	24	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	313	25	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	313	26	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	313	27	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	313	28	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	313	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	314	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	314	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	314	3	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	314	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	314	5	overall	overall	ADV
epaa-580	314	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	314	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	314	8	predominant	predominant	ADJ
epaa-580	314	9	finding	finding	NOUN
epaa-580	314	10	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	314	11	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	314	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	314	13	no	no	DET
epaa-580	314	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	314	15	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-580	314	16	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	314	17	no	no	DET
epaa-580	314	18	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-580	314	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	314	20	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	314	21	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	314	22	following	follow	VERB
epaa-580	314	23	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	314	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	314	25	year	year	NOUN
epaa-580	314	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	314	27	long	long	ADJ
epaa-580	314	28	effort	effort	NOUN
epaa-580	314	29	to	to	PART
epaa-580	314	30	introduce	introduce	VERB
epaa-580	314	31	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	314	32	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	314	33	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	314	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	315	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-580	315	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	315	3	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-580	315	4	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
epaa-580	315	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	315	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	315	7	small	small	ADJ
epaa-580	315	8	year	year	NOUN
epaa-580	315	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	315	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	315	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	315	12	year	year	NOUN
epaa-580	315	13	gain	gain	NOUN
epaa-580	315	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	315	15	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-580	315	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	315	17	real	real	ADJ
epaa-580	315	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	315	19	interpretable	interpretable	ADJ
epaa-580	315	20	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	315	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	315	22	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
epaa-580	315	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	315	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	315	25	honest	honest	ADJ
epaa-580	315	26	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-580	315	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	315	28	project	project	NOUN
epaa-580	315	29	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	315	30	must	must	AUX
epaa-580	315	31	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
epaa-580	315	32	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	315	33	any	any	DET
epaa-580	315	34	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-580	315	35	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	315	36	small	small	ADJ
epaa-580	315	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	315	38	ephemeral	ephemeral	ADJ
epaa-580	315	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	315	40	shepard	shepard	NOUN
epaa-580	315	41	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	315	42	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	315	43	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	315	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	315	45	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	315	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	315	47	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	315	48	12	12	NUM
epaa-580	315	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	315	50	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
epaa-580	315	51	added	add	VERB
epaa-580	315	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	315	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	316	1	others	other	NOUN
epaa-580	316	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	316	3	doing	do	VERB
epaa-580	316	4	less	less	ADV
epaa-580	316	5	rigorously	rigorously	ADV
epaa-580	316	6	controlled	control	VERB
epaa-580	316	7	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-580	316	8	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	316	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	316	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	316	11	opinion	opinion	NOUN
epaa-580	316	12	surveys	survey	NOUN
epaa-580	316	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	316	14	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	316	15	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	316	16	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-580	316	17	cautious	cautious	ADJ
epaa-580	316	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	316	19	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	316	20	statements	statement	NOUN
epaa-580	316	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	317	1	khattri	khattri	PROPN
epaa-580	317	2	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	317	3	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	317	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	318	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	318	2	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	318	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	318	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	318	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	318	6	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	318	7	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	318	8	visiting	visit	VERB
epaa-580	318	9	16	16	NUM
epaa-580	318	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	318	11	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	318	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	318	13	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	318	14	a	a	DET
epaa-580	318	15	few	few	ADJ
epaa-580	318	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	318	17	said	say	VERB
epaa-580	318	18	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	318	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	318	20	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	318	21	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	318	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	318	23	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	318	24	helped	help	VERB
epaa-580	318	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	318	26	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-580	318	27	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	318	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	318	29	develop	develop	VERB
epaa-580	318	30	a	a	DET
epaa-580	318	31	fuller	full	ADJ
epaa-580	318	32	multi	multi	ADJ
epaa-580	318	33	-	-	ADJ
epaa-580	318	34	disciplinary	disciplinary	ADJ
epaa-580	318	35	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-580	318	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	318	37	khattri	khattri	PROPN
epaa-580	318	38	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	318	39	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	318	40	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	318	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	318	42	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	318	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	318	44	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	318	45	82	82	NUM
epaa-580	318	46	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	318	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	319	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	319	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	319	3	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	319	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	319	5	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	319	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	319	7	stecher	stecher	PROPN
epaa-580	319	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	319	9	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	319	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	319	11	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	319	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	319	13	few	few	ADJ
epaa-580	319	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	319	15	expressed	express	VERB
epaa-580	319	16	confidence	confidence	NOUN
epaa-580	319	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	319	18	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	319	19	own	own	ADJ
epaa-580	319	20	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	319	21	'	'	PART
epaa-580	319	22	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	319	23	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	319	24	kiris	kiris	NOUN
epaa-580	319	25	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	319	26	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-580	319	27	the	the	DET
epaa-580	319	28	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	319	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	319	30	improved	improved	ADJ
epaa-580	319	31	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	319	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	319	33	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	319	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	319	35	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	319	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	319	37	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	319	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	319	39	stecher	stecher	NOUN
epaa-580	319	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	319	41	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	319	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	319	43	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	319	44	xiii	xiii	PROPN
epaa-580	319	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	320	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	320	2	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-580	320	3	go	go	VERB
epaa-580	320	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	320	5	to	to	PART
epaa-580	320	6	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	320	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	320	8	a	a	DET
epaa-580	320	9	variety	variety	NOUN
epaa-580	320	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	320	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	320	12	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-580	320	13	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	320	14	here	here	ADV
epaa-580	320	15	point	point	NOUN
epaa-580	320	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	320	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	320	18	possibility	possibility	NOUN
epaa-580	320	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	320	20	inflated	inflated	ADJ
epaa-580	320	21	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-580	320	22	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	320	23	kiris	kiri	NOUN
epaa-580	320	24	--	--	PUNCT
epaa-580	320	25	that	that	ADV
epaa-580	320	26	is	is	ADV
epaa-580	320	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	320	28	the	the	DET
epaa-580	320	29	possibility	possibility	NOUN
epaa-580	320	30	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	320	31	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	320	32	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	320	33	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	320	34	substantially	substantially	ADV
epaa-580	320	35	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	320	36	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	320	37	mastery	mastery	NOUN
epaa-580	320	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	320	39	the	the	DET
epaa-580	320	40	domains	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	320	41	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	320	42	the	the	DET
epaa-580	320	43	16	16	NUM
epaa-580	320	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	320	45	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	320	46	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	320	47	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	320	48	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-580	320	49	to	to	PART
epaa-580	320	50	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-580	320	51	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	320	52	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	320	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	320	54	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	320	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	320	56	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	320	57	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	320	58	stecher	stecher	NOUN
epaa-580	320	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	320	60	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	320	61	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	320	62	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	320	63	xv	xv	PROPN
epaa-580	320	64	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	320	65	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	321	1	kane	kane	PROPN
epaa-580	321	2	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	321	3	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	321	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	321	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	321	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	321	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	321	8	concluded	conclude	VERB
epaa-580	321	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	321	10	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	321	11	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	321	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	321	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	321	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	321	15	final	final	ADJ
epaa-580	321	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	321	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	321	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	321	19	success	success	NOUN
epaa-580	321	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	321	21	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	321	22	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	321	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	321	24	a	a	DET
epaa-580	321	25	tool	tool	NOUN
epaa-580	321	26	to	to	PART
epaa-580	321	27	enhance	enhance	VERB
epaa-580	321	28	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	321	29	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	321	30	remains	remain	VERB
epaa-580	321	31	to	to	PART
epaa-580	321	32	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	321	33	rigorously	rigorously	ADV
epaa-580	321	34	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-580	321	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	322	1	kane	kane	PROPN
epaa-580	322	2	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	322	3	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	322	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	322	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	322	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	322	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	322	8	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	322	9	217	217	NUM
epaa-580	322	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	322	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	323	1	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-580	323	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	323	3	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	323	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	323	5	asked	ask	VERB
epaa-580	323	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	323	7	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	323	8	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	323	9	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-580	323	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	323	11	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	323	12	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-580	323	13	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	323	14	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	323	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	323	16	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	323	17	had	have	VERB
epaa-580	323	18	a	a	DET
epaa-580	323	19	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	323	20	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	323	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	323	22	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	323	23	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	323	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	323	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	324	1	percents	percent	NOUN
epaa-580	324	2	across	across	ADP
epaa-580	324	3	five	five	NUM
epaa-580	324	4	contexts	context	NOUN
epaa-580	324	5	ranged	range	VERB
epaa-580	324	6	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	324	7	11.3	11.3	NUM
epaa-580	324	8	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	324	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	324	10	54.7	54.7	NUM
epaa-580	324	11	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	324	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	325	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	325	2	asked	ask	VERB
epaa-580	325	3	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	325	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	325	5	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	325	6	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	325	7	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	325	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	325	9	an	an	DET
epaa-580	325	10	accurate	accurate	ADJ
epaa-580	325	11	reflection	reflection	NOUN
epaa-580	325	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	325	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	325	14	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	325	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	325	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	325	17	percentages	percentage	NOUN
epaa-580	325	18	ranged	range	VERB
epaa-580	325	19	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	325	20	13.1	13.1	NUM
epaa-580	325	21	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	325	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	325	23	28.7	28.7	NUM
epaa-580	325	24	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	325	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	326	1	finally	finally	ADV
epaa-580	326	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	326	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	326	4	some	some	DET
epaa-580	326	5	types	type	NOUN
epaa-580	326	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	326	7	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-580	326	8	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	326	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	326	10	one	one	PRON
epaa-580	326	11	does	do	AUX
epaa-580	326	12	not	not	PART
epaa-580	326	13	even	even	ADV
epaa-580	326	14	know	know	VERB
epaa-580	326	15	who	who	PRON
epaa-580	326	16	did	do	VERB
epaa-580	326	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	326	18	work	work	NOUN
epaa-580	326	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	327	1	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	327	2	gearhart	gearhart	PROPN
epaa-580	327	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	327	4	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-580	327	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	327	6	baker	baker	PROPN
epaa-580	327	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	327	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	327	9	whittaker	whittaker	PROPN
epaa-580	327	10	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	327	11	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	327	12	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	327	13	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	327	14	this	this	DET
epaa-580	327	15	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	327	16	raises	raise	VERB
epaa-580	327	17	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	327	18	concerning	concern	VERB
epaa-580	327	19	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	327	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	327	21	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	327	22	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	327	23	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	327	24	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-580	327	25	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	327	26	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	327	27	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-580	327	28	work	work	NOUN
epaa-580	327	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	327	30	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	328	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	328	2	gearhart	gearhart	PROPN
epaa-580	328	3	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	328	4	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	328	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	328	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	328	7	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-580	328	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	328	9	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	328	10	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	328	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	328	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	329	1	3	3	X
epaa-580	329	2	.	.	X
epaa-580	329	3	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	329	4	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	329	5	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	329	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	329	7	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	329	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	329	9	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	329	10	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	329	11	considerable	considerable	ADJ
epaa-580	329	12	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	329	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	329	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	329	15	'	'	PART
epaa-580	329	16	pass	pass	NOUN
epaa-580	329	17	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-580	329	18	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-580	329	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	329	20	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	329	21	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	329	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	329	23	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	329	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	329	25	mostly	mostly	ADV
epaa-580	329	26	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	329	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	329	28	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	329	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	329	30	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-580	329	31	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	329	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	330	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	330	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	330	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	330	4	least	least	ADJ
epaa-580	330	5	some	some	DET
epaa-580	330	6	reason	reason	NOUN
epaa-580	330	7	to	to	PART
epaa-580	330	8	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	330	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	330	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	330	11	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	330	12	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	330	13	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	330	14	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	330	15	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-580	330	16	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	330	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	330	18	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	330	19	domains	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	330	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	330	21	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	330	22	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	330	23	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	330	24	measuring	measure	VERB
epaa-580	330	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	331	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	331	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	331	3	course	course	NOUN
epaa-580	331	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	331	5	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	331	6	supposedly	supposedly	ADV
epaa-580	331	7	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	331	8	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	331	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	331	10	not	not	PART
epaa-580	331	11	actually	actually	ADV
epaa-580	331	12	secure	secure	VERB
epaa-580	331	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	331	14	inference	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	331	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	331	16	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	331	17	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	331	18	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-580	331	19	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	331	20	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	331	21	could	could	AUX
epaa-580	331	22	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	331	23	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ
epaa-580	331	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	331	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	332	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	332	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	332	3	less	less	ADJ
epaa-580	332	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	332	5	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	332	6	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	332	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	332	8	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	332	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	332	10	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	332	11	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	332	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	333	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-580	333	2	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	333	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	333	4	true	true	ADJ
epaa-580	333	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	333	6	some	some	DET
epaa-580	333	7	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	333	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	333	9	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-580	333	10	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	333	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	333	12	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	333	13	shown	show	VERB
epaa-580	333	14	remarkable	remarkable	ADJ
epaa-580	333	15	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-580	333	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	333	17	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	333	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	333	19	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	333	20	points	point	VERB
epaa-580	333	21	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	333	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	333	23	possibility	possibility	NOUN
epaa-580	333	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	333	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	333	26	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-580	333	27	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	333	28	inflated	inflate	VERB
epaa-580	333	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	333	30	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	333	31	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	333	32	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-580	333	33	less	less	ADJ
epaa-580	333	34	confidence	confidence	NOUN
epaa-580	333	35	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	333	36	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	333	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	333	38	the	the	DET
epaa-580	333	39	represented	represent	VERB
epaa-580	333	40	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	333	41	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	333	42	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	333	43	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	333	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	334	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	334	2	neither	neither	DET
epaa-580	334	3	case	case	NOUN
epaa-580	334	4	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	334	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	334	6	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-580	334	7	infer	infer	VERB
epaa-580	334	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	334	9	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	334	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	334	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	334	12	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	334	13	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	334	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	335	1	that	that	DET
epaa-580	335	2	inference	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	335	3	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	335	4	not	not	PART
epaa-580	335	5	flow	flow	VERB
epaa-580	335	6	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-580	335	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	335	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	335	9	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	335	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	336	1	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-580	336	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	336	3	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	336	4	must	must	AUX
epaa-580	336	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	336	6	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	336	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	336	8	a	a	DET
epaa-580	336	9	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
epaa-580	336	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	336	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	336	12	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	336	13	says	say	VERB
epaa-580	336	14	an	an	DET
epaa-580	336	15	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	336	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	336	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	336	18	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	336	19	tested	test	VERB
epaa-580	336	20	represents	represent	VERB
epaa-580	336	21	an	an	DET
epaa-580	336	22	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	336	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	336	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	336	25	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	336	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	336	27	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	336	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	337	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	337	2	madaus	madaus	PROPN
epaa-580	337	3	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	337	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	337	5	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	337	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	337	7	an	an	DET
epaa-580	337	8	illusion	illusion	NOUN
epaa-580	337	9	to	to	PART
epaa-580	337	10	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	337	11	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	337	12	an	an	DET
epaa-580	337	13	abstract	abstract	ADJ
epaa-580	337	14	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	337	15	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	337	16	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	337	17	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	337	18	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	337	19	synonymous	synonymous	ADJ
epaa-580	337	20	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	337	21	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	337	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	337	23	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	337	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	338	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
epaa-580	338	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	338	3	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	338	4	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	338	5	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	338	6	inform	inform	VERB
epaa-580	338	7	us	we	PRON
epaa-580	338	8	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	338	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	338	10	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	338	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	338	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	338	13	-at	-at	PUNCT
epaa-580	338	14	least	least	ADJ
epaa-580	338	15	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	338	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	338	17	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	338	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	338	19	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	338	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	338	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	338	22	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	338	23	being	be	AUX
epaa-580	338	24	assessed	assess	VERB
epaa-580	338	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	339	1	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	339	2	restore	restore	VERB
epaa-580	339	3	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	339	4	confidence	confidence	NOUN
epaa-580	339	5	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	339	6	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-580	339	7	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	339	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	339	9	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-580	339	10	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	340	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	340	2	an	an	DET
epaa-580	340	3	abstract	abstract	ADJ
epaa-580	340	4	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	340	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	340	6	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	340	7	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-580	340	8	philosophically	philosophically	ADV
epaa-580	340	9	wrong	wrong	ADJ
epaa-580	340	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	340	11	politically	politically	ADV
epaa-580	340	12	shortsighted	shortsighted	ADJ
epaa-580	340	13	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-580	340	14	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	340	15	to	to	PART
epaa-580	340	16	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-580	340	17	against	against	ADP
epaa-580	340	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	340	19	gathering	gathering	NOUN
epaa-580	340	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	340	21	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	340	22	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	340	23	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	340	24	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	340	25	accounting	accounting	NOUN
epaa-580	340	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	340	27	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	340	28	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	340	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	341	1	my	my	PRON
epaa-580	341	2	own	own	ADJ
epaa-580	341	3	belief	belief	NOUN
epaa-580	341	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	341	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	341	6	an	an	DET
epaa-580	341	7	earlier	early	ADJ
epaa-580	341	8	stance	stance	NOUN
epaa-580	341	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	341	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	341	11	nea	nea	PROPN
epaa-580	341	12	against	against	ADP
epaa-580	341	13	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-580	341	14	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	341	15	resulted	result	VERB
epaa-580	341	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	341	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	341	18	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	341	19	wondering	wonder	VERB
epaa-580	341	20	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	341	21	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	341	22	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	341	23	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	341	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	341	25	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	341	26	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	341	27	trying	try	VERB
epaa-580	341	28	to	to	PART
epaa-580	341	29	hide	hide	VERB
epaa-580	341	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	342	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	342	2	suspect	suspect	VERB
epaa-580	342	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	342	4	nea	nea	PROPN
epaa-580	342	5	stance	stance	NOUN
epaa-580	342	6	contributed	contribute	VERB
epaa-580	342	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	342	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	342	9	action	action	NOUN
epaa-580	342	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	342	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	342	12	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	342	13	departments	department	NOUN
epaa-580	342	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	342	15	womer	womer	PROPN
epaa-580	342	16	mentioned	mention	VERB
epaa-580	342	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	342	18	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-580	342	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	343	1	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-580	343	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	343	3	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	343	4	has	have	VERB
epaa-580	343	5	a	a	DET
epaa-580	343	6	right	right	NOUN
epaa-580	343	7	to	to	PART
epaa-580	343	8	know	know	VERB
epaa-580	343	9	something	something	PRON
epaa-580	343	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	343	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	343	12	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	343	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	343	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	343	15	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	343	16	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	343	17	pay	pay	VERB
epaa-580	343	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	343	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	343	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	343	21	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	343	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	343	23	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	343	24	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	343	25	children	child	NOUN
epaa-580	343	26	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	343	27	reaching	reach	VERB
epaa-580	343	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	343	29	those	those	DET
epaa-580	343	30	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	343	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	344	1	17	17	NUM
epaa-580	344	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	344	3	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	344	4	some	some	DET
epaa-580	344	5	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	344	6	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-580	344	7	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	344	8	-with	-with	PROPN
epaa-580	344	9	some	some	DET
epaa-580	344	10	supporting	support	VERB
epaa-580	344	11	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	344	12	-that	-that	PROPN
epaa-580	344	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	344	14	press	press	NOUN
epaa-580	344	15	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	344	16	incorrectly	incorrectly	ADV
epaa-580	344	17	maligned	malign	VERB
epaa-580	344	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	344	19	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	344	20	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	344	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	344	22	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-580	344	23	bracey	bracey	PROPN
epaa-580	344	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	344	25	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	344	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	344	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	344	28	berliner	berliner	NOUN
epaa-580	344	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	344	30	biddle	biddle	PROPN
epaa-580	344	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	344	32	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	344	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	344	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	345	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-580	345	2	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	345	3	views	view	NOUN
epaa-580	345	4	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	345	5	not	not	PART
epaa-580	345	6	gone	go	VERB
epaa-580	345	7	unchallenged	unchallenged	ADJ
epaa-580	345	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	345	9	see	see	INTJ
epaa-580	345	10	stedman	stedman	PROPN
epaa-580	345	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	345	12	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	345	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	346	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	346	2	does	do	AUX
epaa-580	346	3	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-580	346	4	true	true	ADJ
epaa-580	346	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	346	6	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	346	7	news	news	NOUN
epaa-580	346	8	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	346	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	346	10	travels	travel	VERB
epaa-580	346	11	faster	fast	ADV
epaa-580	346	12	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	346	13	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	346	14	news	news	NOUN
epaa-580	346	15	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	346	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	346	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	347	1	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	347	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	347	3	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	347	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	347	5	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	347	6	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	347	7	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	347	8	change	change	VERB
epaa-580	347	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	347	10	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	347	11	's	's	PART
epaa-580	347	12	views	view	NOUN
epaa-580	347	13	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	348	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	348	2	answer	answer	NOUN
epaa-580	348	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	348	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	348	5	above	above	ADJ
epaa-580	348	6	question	question	NOUN
epaa-580	348	7	depends	depend	VERB
epaa-580	348	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	348	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	348	10	part	part	NOUN
epaa-580	348	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	348	12	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-580	348	13	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	348	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	348	15	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	348	16	go	go	VERB
epaa-580	348	17	up	up	ADV
epaa-580	348	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	348	19	go	go	VERB
epaa-580	348	20	down	down	ADV
epaa-580	348	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	348	22	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	348	23	stay	stay	VERB
epaa-580	348	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	348	25	same	same	ADJ
epaa-580	348	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	349	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	349	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	349	3	depends	depend	VERB
epaa-580	349	4	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-580	349	5	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	349	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	349	7	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	349	8	thinks	think	VERB
epaa-580	349	9	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	349	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	349	11	measuring	measure	VERB
epaa-580	349	12	anything	anything	PRON
epaa-580	349	13	worthwhile	worthwhile	ADJ
epaa-580	349	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	350	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	350	2	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	350	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	350	4	depends	depend	VERB
epaa-580	350	5	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-580	350	6	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	350	7	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-580	350	8	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	350	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	350	10	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	350	11	communicating	communicate	VERB
epaa-580	350	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	350	13	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	350	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	350	15	communicating	communicate	VERB
epaa-580	350	16	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	350	17	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
epaa-580	350	18	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	350	19	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	350	20	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	350	21	drawn	draw	VERB
epaa-580	350	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	350	23	the	the	DET
epaa-580	350	24	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	350	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	351	1	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	351	2	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-580	351	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	351	4	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	351	5	going	go	VERB
epaa-580	351	6	up	up	ADP
epaa-580	351	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	351	8	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	351	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	351	10	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	351	11	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	351	12	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	351	13	not	not	PART
epaa-580	351	14	resulted	result	VERB
epaa-580	351	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	351	16	all	all	DET
epaa-580	351	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	351	18	press	press	NOUN
epaa-580	351	19	highlighting	highlight	VERB
epaa-580	351	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	351	21	great	great	ADJ
epaa-580	351	22	job	job	NOUN
epaa-580	351	23	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	351	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	351	25	doing	do	VERB
epaa-580	351	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	351	27	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	351	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	352	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	352	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-580	352	3	stecklow	stecklow	ADJ
epaa-580	352	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	352	5	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	352	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	352	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	352	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	352	9	writing	write	VERB
epaa-580	352	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	352	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	352	12	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	352	13	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-580	352	14	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	352	15	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	352	16	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	352	17	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	352	18	spawned	spawn	VERB
epaa-580	352	19	lawsuits	lawsuit	NOUN
epaa-580	352	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	352	21	infighting	infighting	NOUN
epaa-580	352	22	between	between	ADP
epaa-580	352	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	352	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	352	25	staff	staff	NOUN
epaa-580	352	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	352	27	anger	anger	NOUN
epaa-580	352	28	among	among	ADP
epaa-580	352	29	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-580	352	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	352	31	widespread	widespread	ADJ
epaa-580	352	32	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-580	352	33	inflation	inflation	NOUN
epaa-580	352	34	-and	-and	ADP
epaa-580	352	35	numerous	numerous	ADJ
epaa-580	352	36	instances	instance	NOUN
epaa-580	352	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	352	38	cheating	cheat	VERB
epaa-580	352	39	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	352	40	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	352	41	to	to	PART
epaa-580	352	42	boost	boost	VERB
epaa-580	352	43	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	352	44	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	352	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	353	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	353	2	stecklow	stecklow	ADJ
epaa-580	353	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	353	4	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	353	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	353	6	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	353	7	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	353	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	353	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	354	1	a	a	DET
epaa-580	354	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	354	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	354	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	354	5	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	354	6	done	do	VERB
epaa-580	354	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	354	8	kiris	kiris	NOUN
epaa-580	354	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	354	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	354	11	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	354	12	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	354	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	354	14	western	western	PROPN
epaa-580	354	15	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-580	354	16	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	354	17	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	354	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	354	19	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	354	20	all	all	DET
epaa-580	354	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	354	22	cited	cite	VERB
epaa-580	354	23	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	354	24	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	354	25	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
epaa-580	354	26	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	354	27	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	354	28	concerning	concern	VERB
epaa-580	354	29	the	the	DET
epaa-580	354	30	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
epaa-580	354	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	354	32	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	354	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	354	34	reliability	reliability	NOUN
epaa-580	354	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	354	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	354	37	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-580	354	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	354	39	the	the	DET
epaa-580	354	40	kiris	kiris	NOUN
epaa-580	354	41	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	354	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	355	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	355	2	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	355	3	no	no	DET
epaa-580	355	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	355	5	to	to	PART
epaa-580	355	6	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	355	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	355	8	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-580	355	9	think	think	VERB
epaa-580	355	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	355	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	355	12	component	component	NOUN
epaa-580	355	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	355	14	kiris	kiris	NOUN
epaa-580	355	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	355	16	a	a	DET
epaa-580	355	17	fair	fair	ADJ
epaa-580	355	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	355	19	reliable	reliable	ADJ
epaa-580	355	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	355	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	355	22	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-580	355	23	system	system	NOUN
epaa-580	355	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	355	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	355	26	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	355	27	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	355	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	355	29	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	355	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	355	31	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	355	32	20	20	NUM
epaa-580	355	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	355	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	356	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	356	2	stecklow	stecklow	ADJ
epaa-580	356	3	quote	quote	NOUN
epaa-580	356	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	356	5	not	not	PART
epaa-580	356	6	a	a	DET
epaa-580	356	7	ringing	ring	VERB
epaa-580	356	8	endorsement	endorsement	NOUN
epaa-580	356	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	356	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	356	11	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	356	12	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	356	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	356	14	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	356	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	356	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	356	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	356	18	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	356	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	357	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	357	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	357	3	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	357	4	quote	quote	INTJ
epaa-580	357	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	357	6	not	not	PART
epaa-580	357	7	a	a	DET
epaa-580	357	8	ringing	ring	VERB
epaa-580	357	9	endorsement	endorsement	NOUN
epaa-580	357	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	357	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	357	12	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	357	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	357	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	357	15	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	357	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	357	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	357	18	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	357	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	358	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	358	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	358	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	358	4	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	358	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	358	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	358	7	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	358	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	358	9	happier	happy	ADJ
epaa-580	358	10	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	358	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	358	12	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	358	13	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-580	358	14	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	358	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	358	16	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	358	17	low	low	ADJ
epaa-580	358	18	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	358	19	-often	-often	NOUN
epaa-580	358	20	considering	consider	VERB
epaa-580	358	21	which	which	DET
epaa-580	358	22	district	district	NOUN
epaa-580	358	23	to	to	PART
epaa-580	358	24	live	live	VERB
epaa-580	358	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	358	26	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	358	27	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	358	28	published	publish	VERB
epaa-580	358	29	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	358	30	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	358	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	359	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	359	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	359	3	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	359	4	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	359	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	359	6	making	make	VERB
epaa-580	359	7	two	two	NUM
epaa-580	359	8	quite	quite	ADV
epaa-580	359	9	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	359	10	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	359	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	359	12	these	these	DET
epaa-580	359	13	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	359	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	360	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	360	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	360	3	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-580	360	4	an	an	DET
epaa-580	360	5	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ
epaa-580	360	6	inference	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	360	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	360	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	360	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	360	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	360	11	district	district	NOUN
epaa-580	360	12	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	360	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	360	14	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	360	15	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	360	16	has	have	VERB
epaa-580	360	17	better	well	ADJ
epaa-580	360	18	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	360	19	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	360	20	a	a	DET
epaa-580	360	21	better	well	ADJ
epaa-580	360	22	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	360	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	361	1	a	a	DET
epaa-580	361	2	second	second	ADJ
epaa-580	361	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	361	4	correct	correct	ADJ
epaa-580	361	5	inference	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	361	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	361	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	361	8	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	361	9	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	361	10	children	child	NOUN
epaa-580	361	11	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-580	361	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	361	13	district	district	NOUN
epaa-580	361	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	361	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	361	16	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	361	17	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	361	18	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	361	19	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	361	20	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	361	21	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	361	22	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	361	23	to	to	PART
epaa-580	361	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	361	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	361	26	classes	class	NOUN
epaa-580	361	27	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	361	28	a	a	DET
epaa-580	361	29	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	361	30	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-580	361	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	361	32	academically	academically	ADV
epaa-580	361	33	able	able	ADJ
epaa-580	361	34	fellow	fellow	ADJ
epaa-580	361	35	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	361	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	361	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	362	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	362	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	362	3	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-580	362	4	considerable	considerable	ADJ
epaa-580	362	5	concern	concern	NOUN
epaa-580	362	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	362	7	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	362	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	362	9	newer	new	ADJ
epaa-580	362	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	362	11	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	362	12	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	362	13	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	362	14	cover	cover	VERB
epaa-580	362	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	362	16	correct	correct	ADJ
epaa-580	362	17	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	362	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	363	1	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	363	2	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	363	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	363	4	not	not	PART
epaa-580	363	5	happy	happy	ADJ
epaa-580	363	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	363	7	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-580	363	8	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-580	363	9	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	363	10	covering	cover	VERB
epaa-580	363	11	basics	basic	NOUN
epaa-580	363	12	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	363	13	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	363	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	363	15	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	363	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	363	17	not	not	PART
epaa-580	363	18	happy	happy	ADJ
epaa-580	363	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	363	20	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	363	21	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	363	22	perceive	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	363	23	to	to	PART
epaa-580	363	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	363	25	a	a	DET
epaa-580	363	26	departure	departure	NOUN
epaa-580	363	27	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	363	28	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	363	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	363	30	testing	test	VERB
epaa-580	363	31	the	the	DET
epaa-580	363	32	basics	basic	NOUN
epaa-580	363	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	364	1	baker	baker	PROPN
epaa-580	364	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	364	3	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	364	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	364	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	364	6	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-580	364	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	364	8	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	364	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	364	10	talk	talk	NOUN
epaa-580	364	11	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	364	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	364	13	crisis	crisis	NOUN
epaa-580	364	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	364	15	credibility	credibility	NOUN
epaa-580	364	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	364	17	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	364	18	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	364	19	suffer	suffer	VERB
epaa-580	364	20	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	364	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	364	22	a	a	DET
epaa-580	364	23	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	364	24	gap	gap	NOUN
epaa-580	364	25	between	between	ADP
epaa-580	364	26	the	the	DET
epaa-580	364	27	views	view	NOUN
epaa-580	364	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	364	29	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	364	30	reformers	reformer	NOUN
epaa-580	364	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	364	32	segments	segment	NOUN
epaa-580	364	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	364	34	the	the	DET
epaa-580	364	35	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	364	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	365	1	mcdonnell	mcdonnell	PROPN
epaa-580	365	2	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	365	3	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	365	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	365	5	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	365	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	365	7	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	365	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	365	9	political	political	ADJ
epaa-580	365	10	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
epaa-580	365	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	365	12	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	365	13	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	365	14	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	365	15	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-580	365	16	overlooked	overlook	VERB
epaa-580	365	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	366	1	yet	yet	ADV
epaa-580	366	2	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	366	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	366	4	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	366	5	link	link	NOUN
epaa-580	366	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	366	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	366	8	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	366	9	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	366	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	366	11	these	these	DET
epaa-580	366	12	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	366	13	often	often	ADV
epaa-580	366	14	embody	embody	VERB
epaa-580	366	15	unresolved	unresolved	ADJ
epaa-580	366	16	value	value	NOUN
epaa-580	366	17	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
epaa-580	366	18	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	366	19	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	366	20	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	366	21	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	366	22	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	366	23	taught	teach	VERB
epaa-580	366	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	366	25	tested	test	VERB
epaa-580	366	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	366	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	366	28	who	who	PRON
epaa-580	366	29	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	366	30	define	define	VERB
epaa-580	366	31	that	that	DET
epaa-580	366	32	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	366	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	367	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	367	2	mcdonnell	mcdonnell	PROPN
epaa-580	367	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	367	4	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	367	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	367	6	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	367	7	v	v	NOUN
epaa-580	367	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	367	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	368	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	368	2	mcdonnell	mcdonnell	PROPN
epaa-580	368	3	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	368	4	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	368	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	368	6	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	368	7	are	be	VERB
epaa-580	368	8	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
epaa-580	368	9	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-580	368	10	between	between	ADP
epaa-580	368	11	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	368	12	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	368	13	reformers	reformer	NOUN
epaa-580	368	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	368	15	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	368	16	segments	segment	NOUN
epaa-580	368	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	368	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	368	19	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	368	20	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	368	21	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	368	22	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	368	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	368	24	the	the	DET
epaa-580	368	25	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	368	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	369	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	369	2	available	available	ADJ
epaa-580	369	3	opinion	opinion	NOUN
epaa-580	369	4	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	369	5	strongly	strongly	ADV
epaa-580	369	6	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	369	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	369	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	369	9	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-580	369	10	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	369	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	369	12	skeptical	skeptical	ADJ
epaa-580	369	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	369	14	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	369	15	18	18	NUM
epaa-580	369	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	369	17	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	369	18	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-580	369	19	approaches	approach	NOUN
epaa-580	369	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	369	21	reading	reading	NOUN
epaa-580	369	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	369	23	writing	writing	NOUN
epaa-580	369	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	369	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	369	26	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-580	369	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	369	28	mcdonnell	mcdonnell	PROPN
epaa-580	369	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	369	30	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	369	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	369	32	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	369	33	67	67	NUM
epaa-580	369	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	369	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	370	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	370	2	truth	truth	NOUN
epaa-580	370	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	370	4	this	this	PRON
epaa-580	370	5	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	370	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	370	7	seen	see	VERB
epaa-580	370	8	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	370	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	370	10	fight	fight	NOUN
epaa-580	370	11	over	over	ADP
epaa-580	370	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	370	13	mathematics	mathematics	NOUN
epaa-580	370	14	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	370	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	370	16	california	california	PROPN
epaa-580	370	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	371	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	371	2	press	press	NOUN
epaa-580	371	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	371	4	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	371	5	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-580	371	6	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-580	371	7	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
epaa-580	371	8	unimpressed	unimpressed	ADJ
epaa-580	371	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	371	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	371	11	data	data	NOUN
epaa-580	371	12	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	371	13	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-580	371	14	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-580	371	15	make	make	VERB
epaa-580	371	16	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ
epaa-580	371	17	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	371	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	371	19	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	371	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	372	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	372	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	372	3	change	change	VERB
epaa-580	372	4	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	372	5	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	373	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	373	2	need	need	VERB
epaa-580	373	3	to	to	PART
epaa-580	373	4	gather	gather	VERB
epaa-580	373	5	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	373	6	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	373	7	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	373	8	over	over	ADP
epaa-580	373	9	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	373	10	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	373	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	373	12	communicate	communicate	VERB
epaa-580	373	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	373	14	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	373	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	373	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	373	17	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	373	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	373	19	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-580	373	20	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	373	21	encourage	encourage	VERB
epaa-580	373	22	correct	correct	ADJ
epaa-580	373	23	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	373	24	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	373	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	373	26	'	'	PART
epaa-580	373	27	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-580	373	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	373	29	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	373	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	374	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	374	2	need	need	VERB
epaa-580	374	3	to	to	PART
epaa-580	374	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	374	5	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-580	374	6	careful	careful	ADJ
epaa-580	374	7	to	to	PART
epaa-580	374	8	discourage	discourage	VERB
epaa-580	374	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	374	10	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	374	11	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	374	12	making	make	VERB
epaa-580	374	13	causative	causative	ADJ
epaa-580	374	14	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	374	15	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	374	16	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	374	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	374	18	not	not	PART
epaa-580	374	19	supported	support	VERB
epaa-580	374	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	374	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	374	22	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	374	23	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	374	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	375	1	iv	iv	X
epaa-580	375	2	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	375	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	375	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	375	5	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	375	6	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	375	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	375	8	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	375	9	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	376	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	376	2	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	376	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	376	4	obvious	obvious	ADJ
epaa-580	376	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	376	6	now	now	ADV
epaa-580	376	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	376	8	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	376	9	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	376	10	not	not	PART
epaa-580	376	11	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	376	12	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	376	13	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	376	14	a	a	DET
epaa-580	376	15	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-580	376	16	quantity	quantity	NOUN
epaa-580	376	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	376	18	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	376	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	376	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	376	21	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	376	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	376	23	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	376	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	377	1	further	far	ADV
epaa-580	377	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	377	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	377	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	377	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	377	6	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	377	7	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	377	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	377	9	certainly	certainly	ADV
epaa-580	377	10	not	not	PART
epaa-580	377	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	377	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	377	13	type	type	NOUN
epaa-580	377	14	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	377	15	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	377	16	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	377	17	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	377	18	draw	draw	VERB
epaa-580	377	19	causative	causative	ADJ
epaa-580	377	20	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	377	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	377	22	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	377	23	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-580	377	24	to	to	PART
epaa-580	377	25	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	377	26	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	377	27	the	the	DET
epaa-580	377	28	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	377	29	wants	want	VERB
epaa-580	377	30	to	to	PART
epaa-580	377	31	do	do	VERB
epaa-580	377	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	378	1	given	give	VERB
epaa-580	378	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	378	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	378	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	378	5	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	378	6	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	378	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	378	8	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	378	9	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	378	10	decide	decide	VERB
epaa-580	378	11	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	378	12	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	378	13	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	378	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	378	15	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	378	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	378	17	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	378	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	378	19	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	378	20	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	378	21	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	378	22	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	379	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	379	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	379	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	379	4	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	379	5	better	well	ADJ
epaa-580	379	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	379	7	could	could	AUX
epaa-580	379	8	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	379	9	decide	decide	VERB
epaa-580	379	10	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	379	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	379	12	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	379	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	379	14	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	379	15	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	379	16	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	379	17	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	380	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	380	2	maintain	maintain	VERB
epaa-580	380	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	380	4	each	each	PRON
epaa-580	380	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	380	6	us	we	PRON
epaa-580	380	7	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	380	8	decide	decide	VERB
epaa-580	380	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	380	10	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	380	11	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	380	12	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	380	13	well	well	ADV
epaa-580	380	14	disagree	disagree	VERB
epaa-580	380	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	381	1	interpreting	interpret	VERB
epaa-580	381	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	381	3	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	381	4	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	381	5	being	be	AUX
epaa-580	381	6	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	381	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	381	8	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	381	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	381	10	related	relate	VERB
epaa-580	381	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	381	12	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-580	381	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	381	14	convictions	conviction	NOUN
epaa-580	381	15	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	381	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	381	17	proper	proper	ADJ
epaa-580	381	18	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-580	381	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	381	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	381	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	382	1	let	let	VERB
epaa-580	382	2	us	we	PRON
epaa-580	382	3	look	look	VERB
epaa-580	382	4	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	382	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	382	6	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	382	7	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	382	8	each	each	PRON
epaa-580	382	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	382	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	382	11	five	five	NUM
epaa-580	382	12	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-580	382	13	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-580	382	14	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
epaa-580	382	15	dangers	danger	VERB
epaa-580	382	16	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	382	17	respect	respect	NOUN
epaa-580	382	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	382	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	382	20	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	382	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	382	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	382	23	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	382	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	383	1	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-580	383	2	curricular	curricular	NOUN
epaa-580	383	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	383	4	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	383	5	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	383	6	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-580	383	7	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	383	8	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	383	9	no	no	DET
epaa-580	383	10	proven	prove	VERB
epaa-580	383	11	cause	cause	NOUN
epaa-580	383	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	383	13	effect	effect	VERB
epaa-580	383	14	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-580	383	15	between	between	ADP
epaa-580	383	16	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	383	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	383	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	383	19	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	383	20	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	383	21	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	383	22	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	383	23	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-580	383	24	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	383	25	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	383	26	some	some	DET
epaa-580	383	27	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	383	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	383	29	compelling	compelling	ADJ
epaa-580	383	30	logic	logic	NOUN
epaa-580	383	31	to	to	PART
epaa-580	383	32	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	383	33	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	383	34	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	383	35	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	383	36	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	383	37	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	383	38	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-580	383	39	both	both	DET
epaa-580	383	40	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	383	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	383	42	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	383	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	384	1	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	384	2	this	this	DET
epaa-580	384	3	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	384	4	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	384	5	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	384	6	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	385	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	385	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	385	3	a	a	DET
epaa-580	385	4	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-580	385	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	385	6	one	one	NOUN
epaa-580	385	7	's	's	PART
epaa-580	385	8	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-580	385	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	386	1	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	386	2	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	386	3	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	386	4	dismayed	dismay	VERB
epaa-580	386	5	to	to	PART
epaa-580	386	6	think	think	VERB
epaa-580	386	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	386	8	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-580	386	9	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-580	386	10	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	386	11	using	use	VERB
epaa-580	386	12	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	386	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	386	14	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	386	15	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	386	16	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	386	17	influencing	influence	VERB
epaa-580	386	18	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	386	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	386	20	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	386	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	387	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	387	2	pushed	push	VERB
epaa-580	387	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	387	4	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	387	5	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	387	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	387	7	not	not	PART
epaa-580	387	8	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	387	9	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	387	10	abhorred	abhor	VERB
epaa-580	387	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	387	12	influencing	influence	VERB
epaa-580	387	13	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	387	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	387	15	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	387	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	387	17	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	387	18	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	387	19	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	387	20	wanted	want	VERB
epaa-580	387	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	387	22	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	387	23	to	to	PART
epaa-580	387	24	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	387	25	a	a	DET
epaa-580	387	26	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	387	27	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-580	387	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	388	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	388	2	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	388	3	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	388	4	not	not	PART
epaa-580	388	5	dismayed	dismay	VERB
epaa-580	388	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	388	7	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	388	8	tested	test	VERB
epaa-580	388	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	388	10	basics	basic	NOUN
epaa-580	388	11	-they	-they	PROPN
epaa-580	388	12	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-580	388	13	approved	approve	VERB
epaa-580	388	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	389	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	389	2	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	389	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	389	4	some	some	DET
epaa-580	389	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	389	6	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	389	7	incorrectly	incorrectly	ADV
epaa-580	389	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	389	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	389	10	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	389	11	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	389	12	moved	move	VERB
epaa-580	389	13	away	away	ADV
epaa-580	389	14	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	389	15	basics	basic	NOUN
epaa-580	389	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	389	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	389	18	dismayed	dismayed	ADJ
epaa-580	389	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	390	1	obviously	obviously	ADV
epaa-580	390	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	390	3	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
epaa-580	390	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	390	5	refocusing	refocusing	NOUN
epaa-580	390	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	390	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	390	8	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	390	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	390	10	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	390	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-580	390	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	390	13	viewed	view	VERB
epaa-580	390	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	390	15	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-580	390	16	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	390	17	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	390	18	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	390	19	depending	depend	VERB
epaa-580	390	20	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-580	390	21	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	390	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	390	23	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN
epaa-580	390	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	390	25	refocusing	refocusing	NOUN
epaa-580	390	26	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	390	27	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	390	28	to	to	PART
epaa-580	390	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	390	30	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-580	390	31	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	390	32	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	390	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	391	1	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	391	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	391	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	391	4	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	391	5	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	391	6	not	not	PART
epaa-580	391	7	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-580	391	8	agree	agree	VERB
epaa-580	391	9	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	391	10	this	this	PRON
epaa-580	391	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	392	1	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-580	392	2	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-580	392	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	392	4	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-580	392	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	392	6	stress	stress	NOUN
epaa-580	392	7	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-580	392	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	392	9	stress	stress	NOUN
epaa-580	392	10	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	392	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	392	12	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	392	13	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	392	14	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	392	15	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	392	16	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	392	17	-depending	-depending	NOUN
epaa-580	392	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	392	19	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	392	20	one	one	NOUN
epaa-580	392	21	believes	believe	VERB
epaa-580	392	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	392	23	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	392	24	lazy	lazy	ADJ
epaa-580	392	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	392	26	need	need	VERB
epaa-580	392	27	to	to	PART
epaa-580	392	28	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	392	29	slapped	slap	VERB
epaa-580	392	30	into	into	ADP
epaa-580	392	31	shape	shape	NOUN
epaa-580	392	32	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	392	33	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	392	34	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	392	35	believes	believe	VERB
epaa-580	392	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	392	37	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	392	38	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	392	39	do	do	VERB
epaa-580	392	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	392	41	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	392	42	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	392	43	already	already	ADV
epaa-580	392	44	suffer	suffer	VERB
epaa-580	392	45	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	392	46	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	392	47	much	much	ADJ
epaa-580	392	48	job	job	NOUN
epaa-580	392	49	stress	stress	NOUN
epaa-580	392	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	393	1	c.	c.	NOUN
epaa-580	393	2	changing	change	VERB
epaa-580	393	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	393	4	'	'	PART
epaa-580	393	5	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-580	393	6	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	393	7	self	self	NOUN
epaa-580	393	8	concept	concept	NOUN
epaa-580	393	9	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	393	10	might	might	AUX
epaa-580	393	11	all	all	PRON
epaa-580	393	12	favor	favor	VERB
epaa-580	393	13	an	an	DET
epaa-580	393	14	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	393	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	393	16	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	393	17	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-580	393	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	394	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	394	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	394	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	394	4	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	394	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	394	6	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	394	7	not	not	PART
epaa-580	394	8	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	394	9	a	a	DET
epaa-580	394	10	19	19	NUM
epaa-580	394	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	394	12	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	394	13	major	major	ADJ
epaa-580	394	14	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-580	394	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	394	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	394	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	394	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	394	19	united	united	PROPN
epaa-580	394	20	states	states	PROPN
epaa-580	394	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	394	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	394	23	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	394	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	394	25	trying	try	VERB
epaa-580	394	26	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	394	27	hard	hard	ADJ
epaa-580	394	28	to	to	PART
epaa-580	394	29	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-580	394	30	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	394	31	much	much	ADJ
epaa-580	394	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	395	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	395	2	some	some	DET
epaa-580	395	3	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	395	4	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	395	5	worry	worry	VERB
epaa-580	395	6	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	395	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	395	8	stress	stress	NOUN
epaa-580	395	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	395	10	tests	test	VERB
epaa-580	395	11	cause	cause	VERB
epaa-580	395	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	395	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	395	14	recall	recall	VERB
epaa-580	395	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	395	16	quote	quote	NOUN
epaa-580	395	17	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	395	18	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	395	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	395	20	rottenberg	rottenberg	PROPN
epaa-580	395	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	395	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	396	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	396	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	396	3	such	such	DET
epaa-580	396	4	a	a	DET
epaa-580	396	5	thing	thing	NOUN
epaa-580	396	6	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	396	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	396	8	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	396	9	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
epaa-580	396	10	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	396	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	396	12	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	396	13	accurately	accurately	ADV
epaa-580	396	14	called	call	VERB
epaa-580	396	15	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	396	16	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
epaa-580	396	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	396	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	396	19	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	396	20	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	396	21	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	396	22	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-580	396	23	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	396	24	occasional	occasional	ADJ
epaa-580	396	25	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	396	26	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
epaa-580	396	27	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	396	28	a	a	DET
epaa-580	396	29	useful	useful	ADJ
epaa-580	396	30	experience	experience	NOUN
epaa-580	396	31	-perhaps	-perhap	NOUN
epaa-580	396	32	helping	help	VERB
epaa-580	396	33	individuals	individual	NOUN
epaa-580	396	34	to	to	PART
epaa-580	396	35	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-580	396	36	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	396	37	to	to	PART
epaa-580	396	38	cope	cope	VERB
epaa-580	396	39	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	396	40	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
epaa-580	396	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	396	42	to	to	PART
epaa-580	396	43	treat	treat	VERB
epaa-580	396	44	stress	stress	NOUN
epaa-580	396	45	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	396	46	eustress	eustress	NOUN
epaa-580	396	47	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-580	396	48	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	396	49	distress	distress	NOUN
epaa-580	396	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	397	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	397	2	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	397	3	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	397	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	397	5	lowers	lower	VERB
epaa-580	397	6	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	397	7	'	'	PART
epaa-580	397	8	self	self	NOUN
epaa-580	397	9	concepts	concept	NOUN
epaa-580	397	10	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	398	1	again	again	ADV
epaa-580	398	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	398	3	this	this	PRON
epaa-580	398	4	could	could	AUX
epaa-580	398	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	398	6	either	either	CCONJ
epaa-580	398	7	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	398	8	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	398	9	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	398	10	-depending	-depending	NOUN
epaa-580	398	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	398	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	398	13	one	one	NOUN
epaa-580	398	14	believes	believe	VERB
epaa-580	398	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	398	16	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	398	17	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	398	18	a	a	DET
epaa-580	398	19	realistic	realistic	ADJ
epaa-580	398	20	view	view	NOUN
epaa-580	398	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	398	22	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	398	23	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-580	398	24	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	398	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-580	398	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	398	27	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-580	398	28	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	398	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	399	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	399	2	recall	recall	VERB
epaa-580	399	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	399	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	399	5	japan	japan	PROPN
epaa-580	399	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	399	7	whose	whose	DET
epaa-580	399	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	399	9	outperform	outperform	VERB
epaa-580	399	10	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-580	399	11	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	399	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	399	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	399	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	399	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	399	16	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	399	17	not	not	PART
epaa-580	399	18	feel	feel	VERB
epaa-580	399	19	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	399	20	confident	confident	ADJ
epaa-580	399	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	399	22	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	399	23	math	math	NOUN
epaa-580	399	24	competencies	competency	NOUN
epaa-580	399	25	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	399	26	do	do	VERB
epaa-580	399	27	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-580	399	28	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	399	29	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	399	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	399	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	400	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	400	2	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	400	3	colleague	colleague	NOUN
epaa-580	400	4	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	400	5	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	400	6	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	400	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	400	8	me	i	PRON
epaa-580	400	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	400	10	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	400	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	400	12	not	not	PART
epaa-580	400	13	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-580	400	14	doing	do	VERB
epaa-580	400	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	400	16	a	a	DET
epaa-580	400	17	favor	favor	NOUN
epaa-580	400	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	400	19	allowing	allow	VERB
epaa-580	400	20	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	400	21	to	to	PART
epaa-580	400	22	perceive	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	400	23	themselves	themselves	PRON
epaa-580	400	24	as	as	ADV
epaa-580	400	25	competent	competent	ADJ
epaa-580	400	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	400	27	a	a	DET
epaa-580	400	28	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-580	400	29	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-580	400	30	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	400	31	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	400	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	400	33	indeed	indeed	ADV
epaa-580	400	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	400	35	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	400	36	not	not	PART
epaa-580	400	37	the	the	DET
epaa-580	400	38	truth	truth	NOUN
epaa-580	400	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	400	40	ryan	ryan	NOUN
epaa-580	400	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	400	42	personal	personal	ADJ
epaa-580	400	43	communication	communication	NOUN
epaa-580	400	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	400	45	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	400	46	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	400	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	401	1	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	401	2	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	401	3	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	401	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	401	5	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	401	6	surely	surely	ADV
epaa-580	401	7	this	this	PRON
epaa-580	401	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	401	9	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	401	10	-right	-right	NOUN
epaa-580	401	11	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	402	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	402	2	again	again	ADV
epaa-580	402	3	depends	depend	VERB
epaa-580	402	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	403	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	403	2	depends	depend	VERB
epaa-580	403	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	403	4	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	403	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	403	6	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-580	403	7	reflect	reflect	VERB
epaa-580	403	8	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	403	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	403	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	403	11	total	total	ADJ
epaa-580	403	12	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	403	13	being	be	AUX
epaa-580	403	14	assessed	assess	VERB
epaa-580	403	15	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	403	16	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	403	17	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	403	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	403	19	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	403	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	403	21	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	403	22	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	403	23	care	care	VERB
epaa-580	403	24	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	403	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	403	26	tested	test	VERB
epaa-580	403	27	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	403	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	403	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	403	30	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	403	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	403	32	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	403	33	a	a	DET
epaa-580	403	34	result	result	NOUN
epaa-580	403	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	403	36	the	the	DET
epaa-580	403	37	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	403	38	focused	focused	ADJ
epaa-580	403	39	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	403	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	403	41	other	other	ADJ
epaa-580	403	42	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	403	43	domains	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	403	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	403	45	not	not	PART
epaa-580	403	46	being	be	AUX
epaa-580	403	47	tested	test	VERB
epaa-580	403	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	403	49	suffer	suffer	VERB
epaa-580	403	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	404	1	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	404	2	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	404	3	awareness	awareness	NOUN
epaa-580	404	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	404	5	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	404	6	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	404	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	404	8	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	404	9	awareness	awareness	NOUN
epaa-580	404	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	404	11	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	404	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	404	13	score	score	VERB
epaa-580	404	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	404	15	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	404	16	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	404	17	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	404	18	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	404	19	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	405	1	obviously	obviously	ADV
epaa-580	405	2	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	405	3	answer	answer	NOUN
epaa-580	405	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	405	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	405	6	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	405	7	depends	depend	VERB
epaa-580	405	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	405	9	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	405	10	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-580	405	11	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	405	12	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	405	13	drawn	draw	VERB
epaa-580	405	14	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	405	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	405	16	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	405	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	406	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	406	2	part	part	NOUN
epaa-580	406	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	406	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	406	5	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	406	6	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	406	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	406	8	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	406	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	406	10	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	406	11	truly	truly	ADV
epaa-580	406	12	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-580	406	13	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	406	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	406	15	know	know	VERB
epaa-580	406	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	406	17	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	406	18	do	do	VERB
epaa-580	406	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	407	1	another	another	DET
epaa-580	407	2	part	part	NOUN
epaa-580	407	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	407	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	407	5	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	407	6	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	407	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	407	8	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	407	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	407	10	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	407	11	draws	draw	VERB
epaa-580	407	12	causative	causative	ADJ
epaa-580	407	13	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	407	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	407	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	407	16	not	not	PART
epaa-580	407	17	supported	support	VERB
epaa-580	407	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	407	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	407	20	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	407	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	408	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	408	2	addition	addition	NOUN
epaa-580	408	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	408	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	408	5	question	question	NOUN
epaa-580	408	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	408	7	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	408	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	408	9	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	408	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	408	11	valid	valid	ADJ
epaa-580	408	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	408	13	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	408	14	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	408	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	408	16	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	408	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	408	18	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	408	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	408	20	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	408	21	responds	respond	VERB
epaa-580	408	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	409	1	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	409	2	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	409	3	news	news	NOUN
epaa-580	409	4	stimulate	stimulate	VERB
epaa-580	409	5	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	409	6	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-580	409	7	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	409	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	409	9	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	409	10	to	to	PART
epaa-580	409	11	assist	assist	VERB
epaa-580	409	12	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	409	13	--e.g	--e.g	ADJ
epaa-580	409	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	410	1	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	410	2	trying	try	VERB
epaa-580	410	3	to	to	PART
epaa-580	410	4	ensure	ensure	VERB
epaa-580	410	5	children	child	NOUN
epaa-580	410	6	start	start	VERB
epaa-580	410	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	410	8	ready	ready	ADJ
epaa-580	410	9	to	to	PART
epaa-580	410	10	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-580	410	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	410	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	410	13	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-580	410	14	better	well	ADJ
epaa-580	410	15	facilities	facility	NOUN
epaa-580	410	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	410	17	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	410	18	insisting	insist	VERB
epaa-580	410	19	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	410	20	children	child	NOUN
epaa-580	410	21	respect	respect	VERB
epaa-580	410	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	410	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	410	24	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	411	1	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	411	2	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	411	3	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	411	4	news	news	NOUN
epaa-580	411	5	result	result	NOUN
epaa-580	411	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	411	7	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	411	8	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
epaa-580	411	9	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	411	10	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	411	11	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	411	12	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	411	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	411	14	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	411	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	411	16	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	411	17	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	411	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	411	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	411	20	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	411	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	411	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	411	23	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	411	24	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	411	25	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	411	26	give	give	VERB
epaa-580	411	27	up	up	ADP
epaa-580	411	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	411	29	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	411	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	411	31	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-580	411	32	funding	funding	NOUN
epaa-580	411	33	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	411	34	private	private	ADJ
epaa-580	411	35	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	411	36	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	411	37	the	the	DET
epaa-580	411	38	expense	expense	NOUN
epaa-580	411	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	411	40	funding	fund	VERB
epaa-580	411	41	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	411	42	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	411	43	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	412	1	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	412	2	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	412	3	news	news	NOUN
epaa-580	412	4	result	result	NOUN
epaa-580	412	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	412	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	412	7	receiving	receive	VERB
epaa-580	412	8	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	412	9	accolades	accolade	NOUN
epaa-580	412	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	412	11	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	412	12	respect	respect	NOUN
epaa-580	412	13	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	412	14	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	412	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	412	16	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	412	17	then	then	ADV
epaa-580	412	18	place	place	VERB
epaa-580	412	19	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	412	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	412	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	412	22	a	a	DET
epaa-580	412	23	back	back	NOUN
epaa-580	412	24	burner	burner	NOUN
epaa-580	412	25	-because	-because	NOUN
epaa-580	412	26	the	the	DET
epaa-580	412	27	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	412	28	crisis	crisis	NOUN
epaa-580	412	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	412	30	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	412	31	over	over	ADV
epaa-580	412	32	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	413	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-580	413	2	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	413	3	come	come	VERB
epaa-580	413	4	down	down	ADP
epaa-580	413	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	413	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	413	7	side	side	NOUN
epaa-580	413	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	413	9	giving	give	VERB
epaa-580	413	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	413	11	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	413	12	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	413	13	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	413	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	413	15	achievements	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	413	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	413	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	413	18	communication	communication	NOUN
epaa-580	413	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	413	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	413	21	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	413	22	must	must	AUX
epaa-580	413	23	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	413	24	done	do	VERB
epaa-580	413	25	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	413	26	great	great	ADJ
epaa-580	413	27	care	care	NOUN
epaa-580	413	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	414	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	414	2	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	414	3	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	414	4	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	414	5	a	a	DET
epaa-580	414	6	propensity	propensity	NOUN
epaa-580	414	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	414	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	414	9	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	414	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	414	11	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	414	12	least	least	ADJ
epaa-580	414	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	414	14	press	press	NOUN
epaa-580	414	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	414	16	to	to	PART
epaa-580	414	17	engage	engage	VERB
epaa-580	414	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	414	19	inappropriate	inappropriate	ADJ
epaa-580	414	20	blaming	blaming	NOUN
epaa-580	414	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	414	22	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	414	23	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	414	24	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	414	25	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	414	26	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	414	27	not	not	PART
epaa-580	414	28	as	as	ADV
epaa-580	414	29	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	414	30	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	414	31	desired	desire	VERB
epaa-580	414	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	415	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	415	2	am	be	AUX
epaa-580	415	3	reminded	remind	VERB
epaa-580	415	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	415	5	browder	browder	NOUN
epaa-580	415	6	's	's	PART
epaa-580	415	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	415	8	1971	1971	NUM
epaa-580	415	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	415	10	suggestion	suggestion	NOUN
epaa-580	415	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	415	12	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	415	13	boils	boil	VERB
epaa-580	415	14	down	down	ADP
epaa-580	415	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	415	16	who	who	PRON
epaa-580	415	17	gets	get	AUX
epaa-580	415	18	hanged	hang	VERB
epaa-580	415	19	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	415	20	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-580	415	21	go	go	VERB
epaa-580	415	22	wrong	wrong	ADJ
epaa-580	415	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	415	24	who	who	PRON
epaa-580	415	25	does	do	VERB
epaa-580	415	26	the	the	DET
epaa-580	415	27	hanging	hanging	NOUN
epaa-580	415	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	416	1	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	416	2	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	416	3	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	416	4	reason	reason	NOUN
epaa-580	416	5	to	to	PART
epaa-580	416	6	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	416	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	416	8	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	416	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	416	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	416	11	ones	one	NOUN
epaa-580	416	12	who	who	PRON
epaa-580	416	13	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	416	14	get	get	AUX
epaa-580	416	15	hanged	hang	VERB
epaa-580	416	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	416	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	416	18	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	416	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	416	20	abetted	abet	VERB
epaa-580	416	21	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	416	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	416	23	press	press	NOUN
epaa-580	416	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	416	25	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	416	26	do	do	VERB
epaa-580	416	27	the	the	DET
epaa-580	416	28	hanging	hanging	NOUN
epaa-580	416	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	417	1	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-580	417	2	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	417	3	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	417	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	417	5	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	417	6	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	417	7	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	417	8	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	417	9	become	become	VERB
epaa-580	417	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	417	11	dominant	dominant	ADJ
epaa-580	417	12	way	way	NOUN
epaa-580	417	13	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	417	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	417	15	politicians	politician	NOUN
epaa-580	417	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	417	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	417	18	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN
epaa-580	417	19	describe	describe	VERB
epaa-580	417	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	417	21	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	417	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	417	23	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	417	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	417	25	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	418	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	418	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	418	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	418	4	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	418	5	2	2	NUM
epaa-580	418	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	418	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	419	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-580	419	2	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	419	3	not	not	PART
epaa-580	419	4	suggesting	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	419	5	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	419	6	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	419	7	a	a	DET
epaa-580	419	8	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	419	9	happening	happening	NOUN
epaa-580	419	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	420	1	20	20	NUM
epaa-580	420	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	420	3	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	420	4	v.	v.	ADP
epaa-580	420	5	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	420	6	variables	variable	NOUN
epaa-580	420	7	change	change	VERB
epaa-580	420	8	probabilities	probability	NOUN
epaa-580	420	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	420	10	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	420	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	420	12	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	420	13	impacts	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	420	14	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-580	420	15	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	420	16	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	420	17	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	420	18	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	420	19	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	420	20	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	420	21	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	420	22	partly	partly	ADV
epaa-580	420	23	a	a	DET
epaa-580	420	24	matter	matter	NOUN
epaa-580	420	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	420	26	one	one	NOUN
epaa-580	420	27	's	's	PART
epaa-580	420	28	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	420	29	values	value	NOUN
epaa-580	420	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	420	31	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	420	32	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	420	33	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-580	420	34	to	to	PART
epaa-580	420	35	answer	answer	VERB
epaa-580	420	36	this	this	DET
epaa-580	420	37	question	question	NOUN
epaa-580	420	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	421	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
epaa-580	421	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	421	3	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	421	4	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	421	5	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-580	421	6	a	a	DET
epaa-580	421	7	few	few	ADJ
epaa-580	421	8	comments	comment	NOUN
epaa-580	421	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	422	1	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-580	422	2	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	422	3	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	422	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	422	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	422	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	422	7	likely	likely	ADV
epaa-580	422	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	422	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	422	10	related	relate	VERB
epaa-580	422	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	422	12	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	422	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	423	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	423	2	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	423	3	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	423	4	mentioned	mention	VERB
epaa-580	423	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	423	6	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	423	7	are	be	VERB
epaa-580	423	8	two	two	NUM
epaa-580	423	9	major	major	ADJ
epaa-580	423	10	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	423	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	423	12	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	423	13	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	423	14	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	423	15	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	423	16	to	to	PART
epaa-580	423	17	drive	drive	VERB
epaa-580	423	18	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	423	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	423	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	423	21	to	to	PART
epaa-580	423	22	see	see	VERB
epaa-580	423	23	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	423	24	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	423	25	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	423	26	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	423	27	had	have	VERB
epaa-580	423	28	an	an	DET
epaa-580	423	29	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	423	30	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	423	31	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	423	32	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	423	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	424	1	these	these	PRON
epaa-580	424	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	424	3	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
epaa-580	424	4	contradictory	contradictory	ADJ
epaa-580	424	5	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	424	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	424	7	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-580	424	8	current	current	ADJ
epaa-580	424	9	reformers	reformer	NOUN
epaa-580	424	10	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	424	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	424	12	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	424	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	424	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	424	15	authentic	authentic	ADJ
epaa-580	424	16	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	424	17	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	424	18	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	424	19	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	424	20	to	to	PART
epaa-580	424	21	drive	drive	VERB
epaa-580	424	22	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	424	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	424	24	most	most	ADV
epaa-580	424	25	authentic	authentic	ADJ
epaa-580	424	26	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	424	27	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	424	28	not	not	PART
epaa-580	424	29	very	very	ADV
epaa-580	424	30	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	424	31	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	424	32	-at	-at	VERB
epaa-580	424	33	least	least	ADJ
epaa-580	424	34	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	424	35	any	any	DET
epaa-580	424	36	conventional	conventional	ADJ
epaa-580	424	37	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	424	38	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-580	424	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	425	1	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-580	425	2	impact	impact	PROPN
epaa-580	425	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	425	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	425	5	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	425	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	425	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	425	8	likely	likely	ADV
epaa-580	425	9	related	relate	VERB
epaa-580	425	10	to	to	PART
epaa-580	425	11	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	425	12	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	425	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	425	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	425	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	425	16	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	425	17	involvement	involvement	NOUN
epaa-580	425	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	425	19	determining	determine	VERB
epaa-580	425	20	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	425	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	425	22	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	425	23	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	425	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	426	1	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-580	426	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	426	3	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	426	4	needs	need	VERB
epaa-580	426	5	to	to	PART
epaa-580	426	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	426	7	an	an	DET
epaa-580	426	8	open	open	ADJ
epaa-580	426	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	426	10	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
epaa-580	426	11	process	process	NOUN
epaa-580	426	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	426	13	supported	support	VERB
epaa-580	426	14	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	426	15	a	a	DET
epaa-580	426	16	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-580	426	17	range	range	NOUN
epaa-580	426	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	426	19	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	426	20	makers	maker	NOUN
epaa-580	426	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	426	22	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	426	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	426	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	426	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	426	26	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	426	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	426	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	426	29	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-580	426	30	tied	tie	VERB
epaa-580	426	31	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	426	32	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	426	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	426	34	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	426	35	parents	parent	NOUN
epaa-580	426	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	426	37	the	the	DET
epaa-580	426	38	community	community	NOUN
epaa-580	426	39	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	426	40	confidence	confidence	NOUN
epaa-580	426	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	427	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	427	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	427	3	cresst	cresst	NOUN
epaa-580	427	4	line	line	NOUN
epaa-580	427	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	427	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	427	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	427	8	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	427	9	6	6	NUM
epaa-580	427	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	427	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	428	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	428	2	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	428	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	428	4	not	not	PART
epaa-580	428	5	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	428	6	to	to	PART
epaa-580	428	7	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	428	8	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	428	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	428	10	any	any	DET
epaa-580	428	11	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-580	428	12	sense	sense	NOUN
epaa-580	428	13	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	428	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	428	15	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	428	16	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	428	17	not	not	PART
epaa-580	428	18	bought	buy	VERB
epaa-580	428	19	into	into	ADP
epaa-580	428	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	428	21	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	428	22	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	428	23	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	428	24	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	428	25	being	be	AUX
epaa-580	428	26	assessed	assess	VERB
epaa-580	428	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	429	1	one	one	PRON
epaa-580	429	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	429	3	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	429	4	expect	expect	VERB
epaa-580	429	5	some	some	DET
epaa-580	429	6	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-580	429	7	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	429	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	429	9	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	429	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	429	11	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	429	12	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	429	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	429	14	set	set	VERB
epaa-580	429	15	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	429	16	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	429	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	430	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	430	2	politically	politically	ADV
epaa-580	430	3	correct	correct	ADJ
epaa-580	430	4	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
epaa-580	430	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	430	6	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	430	7	all	all	DET
epaa-580	430	8	children	child	NOUN
epaa-580	430	9	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	430	10	learn	learn	VERB
epaa-580	430	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	430	12	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	430	13	levels	level	NOUN
epaa-580	430	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	430	15	has	have	VERB
epaa-580	430	16	yet	yet	ADV
epaa-580	430	17	to	to	PART
epaa-580	430	18	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	430	19	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-580	430	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	430	21	correct	correct	ADJ
epaa-580	430	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	431	1	recall	recall	VERB
epaa-580	431	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	431	3	quote	quote	NOUN
epaa-580	431	4	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	431	5	coffman	coffman	PROPN
epaa-580	431	6	given	give	VERB
epaa-580	431	7	earlier	early	ADV
epaa-580	431	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	432	1	recall	recall	PROPN
epaa-580	432	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	432	3	bracey	bracey	PROPN
epaa-580	432	4	's	's	PART
epaa-580	432	5	article	article	NOUN
epaa-580	432	6	entitled	entitle	VERB
epaa-580	432	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	432	8	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-580	432	9	happens	happen	VERB
epaa-580	432	10	--	--	PUNCT
epaa-580	432	11	get	get	VERB
epaa-580	432	12	over	over	ADP
epaa-580	432	13	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	432	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	433	1	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	433	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	433	3	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	433	4	a	a	DET
epaa-580	433	5	colleague	colleague	NOUN
epaa-580	433	6	once	once	ADV
epaa-580	433	7	said	say	VERB
epaa-580	433	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	433	9	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	433	10	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	433	11	require	require	VERB
epaa-580	433	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	433	13	pe	pe	PROPN
epaa-580	433	14	instructor	instructor	NOUN
epaa-580	433	15	to	to	PART
epaa-580	433	16	get	get	VERB
epaa-580	433	17	all	all	DET
epaa-580	433	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	433	19	up	up	ADP
epaa-580	433	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	433	21	a	a	DET
epaa-580	433	22	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	433	23	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-580	433	24	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	433	25	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	433	26	playing	play	VERB
epaa-580	433	27	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	433	28	the	the	DET
epaa-580	433	29	varsity	varsity	NOUN
epaa-580	433	30	team	team	NOUN
epaa-580	433	31	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	434	1	c.	c.	NOUN
epaa-580	434	2	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	434	3	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	434	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	434	5	related	relate	VERB
epaa-580	434	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	434	7	item	item	NOUN
epaa-580	434	8	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	434	9	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	434	10	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	434	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	435	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	435	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	435	3	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	435	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	435	5	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	435	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	435	7	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-580	435	8	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	435	9	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	435	10	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	435	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	435	12	bad	bad	ADJ
epaa-580	435	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	435	14	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	435	15	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	435	16	not	not	PART
epaa-580	435	17	much	much	ADJ
epaa-580	435	18	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	435	19	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	435	20	item	item	NOUN
epaa-580	435	21	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	435	22	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	435	23	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	435	24	matters	matter	NOUN
epaa-580	435	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	436	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	436	2	abstract	abstract	ADJ
epaa-580	436	3	notion	notion	NOUN
epaa-580	436	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	436	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	436	6	to	to	PART
epaa-580	436	7	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-580	436	8	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	436	9	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	436	10	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	436	11	means	mean	VERB
epaa-580	436	12	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	436	13	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	436	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	436	15	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	436	16	like	like	SCONJ
epaa-580	436	17	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	436	18	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	436	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	436	20	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	436	21	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
epaa-580	436	22	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	436	23	to	to	PART
epaa-580	436	24	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-580	436	25	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-580	436	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	436	27	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-580	436	28	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	436	29	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	436	30	means	mean	VERB
epaa-580	436	31	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	436	32	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	436	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	436	34	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-580	436	35	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	436	36	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	436	37	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	436	38	nonsense	nonsense	NOUN
epaa-580	436	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	437	1	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	437	2	impact	impact	PROPN
epaa-580	437	3	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	437	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	437	5	related	relate	VERB
epaa-580	437	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	437	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	437	8	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	437	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	437	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	437	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	437	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	437	13	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	437	14	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	437	15	real	real	ADJ
epaa-580	437	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	437	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	437	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	437	19	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	437	20	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-580	437	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	437	22	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-580	437	23	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	437	24	security	security	NOUN
epaa-580	437	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	437	26	reporting	reporting	NOUN
epaa-580	437	27	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	437	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	437	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	438	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	438	2	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	438	3	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	438	4	not	not	PART
epaa-580	438	5	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	438	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	438	7	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	438	8	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-580	438	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	438	10	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	438	11	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	438	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	438	13	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	438	14	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	438	15	not	not	PART
epaa-580	438	16	pay	pay	VERB
epaa-580	438	17	much	much	ADJ
epaa-580	438	18	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-580	438	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	438	20	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	438	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	439	1	cunningham	cunningham	PROPN
epaa-580	439	2	made	make	VERB
epaa-580	439	3	this	this	DET
epaa-580	439	4	point	point	NOUN
epaa-580	439	5	very	very	ADV
epaa-580	439	6	forcefully	forcefully	ADV
epaa-580	439	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	439	8	discussing	discuss	VERB
epaa-580	439	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	439	10	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	439	11	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	439	12	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	439	13	information	information	NOUN
epaa-580	439	14	system	system	NOUN
epaa-580	439	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	439	16	kiris	kiris	NOUN
epaa-580	439	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	439	18	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	439	19	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	439	20	21	21	NUM
epaa-580	439	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	439	22	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	439	23	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	439	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	439	25	begin	begin	VERB
epaa-580	439	26	to	to	PART
epaa-580	439	27	realize	realize	VERB
epaa-580	439	28	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	439	29	the	the	DET
epaa-580	439	30	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	439	31	has	have	VERB
epaa-580	439	32	no	no	DET
epaa-580	439	33	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
epaa-580	439	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	439	35	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	439	36	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	439	37	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	439	38	too	too	ADV
epaa-580	439	39	technically	technically	ADV
epaa-580	439	40	deficient	deficient	ADJ
epaa-580	439	41	to	to	PART
epaa-580	439	42	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	439	43	influenced	influence	VERB
epaa-580	439	44	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	439	45	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	439	46	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	439	47	teach	teach	VERB
epaa-580	439	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	439	49	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	439	50	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	439	51	stop	stop	VERB
epaa-580	439	52	paying	pay	VERB
epaa-580	439	53	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-580	439	54	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	439	55	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	439	56	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	440	1	...	...	PUNCT
epaa-580	441	1	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	441	2	driven	drive	VERB
epaa-580	441	3	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	441	4	does	do	AUX
epaa-580	441	5	not	not	PART
epaa-580	441	6	work	work	VERB
epaa-580	441	7	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-580	441	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	441	9	fail	fail	VERB
epaa-580	441	10	to	to	PART
epaa-580	441	11	see	see	VERB
epaa-580	441	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	441	13	connection	connection	NOUN
epaa-580	441	14	between	between	ADP
epaa-580	441	15	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	441	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	441	17	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	441	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	442	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	442	2	cunningham	cunningham	PROPN
epaa-580	442	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	442	4	no	no	DET
epaa-580	442	5	date	date	NOUN
epaa-580	442	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	442	7	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	442	8	2	2	NUM
epaa-580	442	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	442	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	443	1	whatever	whatever	DET
epaa-580	443	2	one	one	PRON
epaa-580	443	3	believes	believe	VERB
epaa-580	443	4	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	443	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	443	6	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-580	443	7	adequacy	adequacy	NOUN
epaa-580	443	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	443	9	kiris	kiris	NOUN
epaa-580	443	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	443	11	cunningham	cunningham	PROPN
epaa-580	443	12	's	's	PART
epaa-580	443	13	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	443	14	point	point	NOUN
epaa-580	443	15	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	443	16	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-580	443	17	accurate	accurate	ADJ
epaa-580	443	18	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	443	19	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	443	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	443	21	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	443	22	not	not	PART
epaa-580	443	23	see	see	VERB
epaa-580	443	24	any	any	DET
epaa-580	443	25	connection	connection	NOUN
epaa-580	443	26	between	between	ADP
epaa-580	443	27	the	the	DET
epaa-580	443	28	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	443	29	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	443	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	443	31	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	443	32	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	443	33	approaches	approach	NOUN
epaa-580	443	34	the	the	DET
epaa-580	443	35	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	443	36	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	443	37	unlikely	unlikely	ADJ
epaa-580	443	38	to	to	PART
epaa-580	443	39	impact	impact	VERB
epaa-580	443	40	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	443	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	444	1	another	another	DET
epaa-580	444	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-580	444	3	comes	come	VERB
epaa-580	444	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	444	5	a	a	DET
epaa-580	444	6	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-580	444	7	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	444	8	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	444	9	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	444	10	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	445	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	445	2	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	445	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	445	4	wrote	write	VERB
epaa-580	445	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	445	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	445	7	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	445	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	445	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	445	10	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-580	445	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	445	12	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	445	13	program	program	PROPN
epaa-580	445	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	445	15	asap	asap	PROPN
epaa-580	445	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	445	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	446	1	some	some	DET
epaa-580	446	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	446	3	believed	believe	VERB
epaa-580	446	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	446	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	446	6	asap	asap	NOUN
epaa-580	446	7	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-580	446	8	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	446	9	not	not	PART
epaa-580	446	10	developmentally	developmentally	ADV
epaa-580	446	11	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
epaa-580	446	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	446	13	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	446	14	38	38	NUM
epaa-580	446	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	446	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	446	17	some	some	PRON
epaa-580	446	18	objected	object	VERB
epaa-580	446	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	446	20	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	446	21	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	446	22	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	446	23	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	446	24	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-580	446	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	446	26	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	446	27	rubrics	rubric	NOUN
epaa-580	446	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	446	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	446	30	the	the	DET
epaa-580	446	31	subjectivity	subjectivity	NOUN
epaa-580	446	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	446	33	the	the	DET
epaa-580	446	34	scoring	scoring	NOUN
epaa-580	446	35	process	process	NOUN
epaa-580	446	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	446	37	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	446	38	39	39	NUM
epaa-580	446	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	446	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	446	41	some	some	PRON
epaa-580	446	42	thought	think	VERB
epaa-580	446	43	asap	asap	INTJ
epaa-580	446	44	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	446	45	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	446	46	a	a	DET
epaa-580	446	47	fad	fad	NOUN
epaa-580	446	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	446	49	one	one	NUM
epaa-580	446	50	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	446	51	referred	refer	VERB
epaa-580	446	52	to	to	PART
epaa-580	446	53	asap	asap	VERB
epaa-580	446	54	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	446	55	another	another	DET
epaa-580	446	56	stupid	stupid	ADJ
epaa-580	446	57	aggravating	aggravating	ADJ
epaa-580	446	58	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	446	59	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	446	60	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	446	61	43	43	NUM
epaa-580	446	62	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	446	63	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	447	1	again	again	ADV
epaa-580	447	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	447	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	447	4	point	point	NOUN
epaa-580	447	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	447	6	not	not	PART
epaa-580	447	7	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	447	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	447	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	447	10	'	'	PART
epaa-580	447	11	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-580	447	12	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	447	13	correct	correct	ADJ
epaa-580	447	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	448	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	448	2	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	448	3	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	448	4	perceive	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	448	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	448	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	448	7	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	448	8	to	to	PART
epaa-580	448	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	448	10	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-580	448	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	448	12	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	448	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	448	14	not	not	PART
epaa-580	448	15	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	448	16	to	to	PART
epaa-580	448	17	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	448	18	very	very	ADV
epaa-580	448	19	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-580	448	20	impacted	impact	VERB
epaa-580	448	21	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	448	22	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	448	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	449	1	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	449	2	impact	impact	PROPN
epaa-580	449	3	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	449	4	depend	depend	VERB
epaa-580	449	5	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-580	449	6	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-580	449	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	449	8	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
epaa-580	449	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	450	1	some	some	DET
epaa-580	450	2	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-580	450	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	450	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	450	5	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	450	6	this	this	DET
epaa-580	450	7	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-580	450	8	comes	come	VERB
epaa-580	450	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	450	10	a	a	DET
epaa-580	450	11	mcdonnell	mcdonnell	PROPN
epaa-580	450	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	450	13	choisser	choisser	PROPN
epaa-580	450	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	450	15	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	450	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	450	17	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	450	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	451	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	451	2	investigated	investigate	VERB
epaa-580	451	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	451	4	local	local	ADJ
epaa-580	451	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-580	451	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	451	7	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	451	8	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	451	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	451	10	north	north	PROPN
epaa-580	451	11	carolina	carolina	PROPN
epaa-580	451	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	451	13	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	451	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	452	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	452	2	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	452	3	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-580	452	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	452	5	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	452	6	's	's	PART
epaa-580	452	7	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	452	8	involved	involve	VERB
epaa-580	452	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	452	10	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	452	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	452	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	452	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	452	14	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	452	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	452	16	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	452	17	major	major	ADJ
epaa-580	452	18	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	452	19	attached	attach	VERB
epaa-580	452	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	452	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	452	22	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	452	23	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	452	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	453	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	453	2	north	north	PROPN
epaa-580	453	3	carolina	carolina	PROPN
epaa-580	453	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	453	5	had	have	VERB
epaa-580	453	6	no	no	DET
epaa-580	453	7	tangible	tangible	ADJ
epaa-580	453	8	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	453	9	attached	attach	VERB
epaa-580	453	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	453	11	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	453	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	454	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	454	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	454	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	454	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	454	5	two	two	NUM
epaa-580	454	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	454	7	samples	sample	NOUN
epaa-580	454	8	perceive	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	454	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	454	10	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	454	11	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	454	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	454	13	much	much	ADV
epaa-580	454	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	454	15	same	same	ADJ
epaa-580	454	16	way	way	NOUN
epaa-580	454	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	454	18	take	take	VERB
epaa-580	454	19	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	454	20	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-580	454	21	seriously	seriously	ADV
epaa-580	454	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	455	1	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	455	2	few	few	ADJ
epaa-580	455	3	exceptions	exception	NOUN
epaa-580	455	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	455	5	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	455	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	455	7	reflects	reflect	VERB
epaa-580	455	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	455	9	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	455	10	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	455	11	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-580	455	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	455	13	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	455	14	respective	respective	ADJ
epaa-580	455	15	states	state	NOUN
epaa-580	455	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	455	17	a	a	DET
epaa-580	455	18	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-580	455	19	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-580	455	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	456	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	456	2	mcdonnell	mcdonnell	PROPN
epaa-580	456	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	456	4	choisser	choisser	PROPN
epaa-580	456	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	456	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	456	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	456	8	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	456	9	ix	ix	NUM
epaa-580	456	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	456	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	457	1	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	457	2	course	course	NOUN
epaa-580	457	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	457	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	457	5	north	north	PROPN
epaa-580	457	6	carolina	carolina	PROPN
epaa-580	457	7	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	457	8	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	457	9	some	some	DET
epaa-580	457	10	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	457	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	458	1	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	458	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	458	3	presented	present	VERB
epaa-580	458	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	458	5	district	district	NOUN
epaa-580	458	6	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	458	7	report	report	NOUN
epaa-580	458	8	cards	card	NOUN
epaa-580	458	9	'	'	PUNCT
epaa-580	458	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	458	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	458	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	458	13	building	building	NOUN
epaa-580	458	14	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	458	15	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	458	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	459	1	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	459	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	459	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	459	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	459	5	time	time	NOUN
epaa-580	459	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	459	7	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	459	8	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	459	9	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-580	459	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	459	11	mcdonnell	mcdonnell	PROPN
epaa-580	459	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	459	13	choisser	choisser	PROPN
epaa-580	459	14	reported	report	VERB
epaa-580	459	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	459	16	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-580	459	17	the	the	DET
epaa-580	459	18	most	most	ADV
epaa-580	459	19	potent	potent	ADJ
epaa-580	459	20	leverage	leverage	NOUN
epaa-580	459	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	459	22	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	459	23	system	system	NOUN
epaa-580	459	24	has	have	VERB
epaa-580	459	25	over	over	ADP
epaa-580	459	26	the	the	DET
epaa-580	459	27	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-580	459	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	459	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	459	30	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	459	31	the	the	DET
epaa-580	459	32	widespread	widespread	ADJ
epaa-580	459	33	perception	perception	NOUN
epaa-580	459	34	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	459	35	local	local	ADJ
epaa-580	459	36	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN
epaa-580	459	37	plan	plan	VERB
epaa-580	459	38	to	to	PART
epaa-580	459	39	report	report	VERB
epaa-580	459	40	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	459	41	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	459	42	not	not	PART
epaa-580	459	43	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	459	44	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	459	45	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-580	459	46	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	459	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	459	48	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	459	49	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	459	50	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	459	51	done	do	VERB
epaa-580	459	52	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-580	459	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	459	54	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	459	55	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	459	56	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	459	57	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-580	459	58	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-580	459	59	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	459	60	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	459	61	even	even	ADV
epaa-580	459	62	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	459	63	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	459	64	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	459	65	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	459	66	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	459	67	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	459	68	16	16	NUM
epaa-580	459	69	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	459	70	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	460	1	one	one	PRON
epaa-580	460	2	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	460	3	imagine	imagine	VERB
epaa-580	460	4	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-580	460	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	460	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	460	7	north	north	PROPN
epaa-580	460	8	carolina	carolina	PROPN
epaa-580	460	9	might	might	AUX
epaa-580	460	10	think	think	VERB
epaa-580	460	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	460	12	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	460	13	were	be	AUX
epaa-580	460	14	fairly	fairly	ADV
epaa-580	460	15	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	460	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	460	17	spite	spite	NOUN
epaa-580	460	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	460	19	no	no	DET
epaa-580	460	20	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	460	21	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-580	460	22	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-580	460	23	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	460	24	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
epaa-580	460	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	461	1	thus	thus	ADV
epaa-580	461	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	461	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	461	4	spite	spite	NOUN
epaa-580	461	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	461	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	461	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	461	8	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	461	9	shows	show	VERB
epaa-580	461	10	no	no	DET
epaa-580	461	11	distinctions	distinction	NOUN
epaa-580	461	12	between	between	ADP
epaa-580	461	13	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	461	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	461	15	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	461	16	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	461	17	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-580	461	18	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-580	461	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	461	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	461	21	north	north	PROPN
epaa-580	461	22	carolina	carolina	PROPN
epaa-580	461	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	461	24	which	which	PRON
epaa-580	461	25	simply	simply	ADV
epaa-580	461	26	made	make	VERB
epaa-580	461	27	the	the	DET
epaa-580	461	28	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	461	29	available	available	ADJ
epaa-580	461	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	461	31	the	the	DET
epaa-580	461	32	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	461	33	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	461	34	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	461	35	the	the	DET
epaa-580	461	36	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	461	37	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	461	38	not	not	PART
epaa-580	461	39	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	461	40	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	461	41	much	much	ADV
epaa-580	461	42	different	different	ADJ
epaa-580	461	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	462	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	462	2	continue	continue	VERB
epaa-580	462	3	to	to	PART
epaa-580	462	4	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	462	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	462	6	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	462	7	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	462	8	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-580	462	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	462	10	dissatisfaction	dissatisfaction	NOUN
epaa-580	462	11	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	462	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	462	13	fear	fear	NOUN
epaa-580	462	14	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	462	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	462	16	cheating	cheat	VERB
epaa-580	462	17	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	462	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	462	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	462	20	lawsuits	lawsuit	NOUN
epaa-580	462	21	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-580	462	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	463	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-580	463	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	463	3	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-580	463	4	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	463	5	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	463	6	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-580	463	7	to	to	PART
epaa-580	463	8	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-580	463	9	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	463	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	463	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	463	12	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	463	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	463	14	procedures	procedure	NOUN
epaa-580	463	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	463	16	set	set	VERB
epaa-580	463	17	up	up	ADP
epaa-580	463	18	to	to	PART
epaa-580	463	19	make	make	VERB
epaa-580	463	20	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	463	21	difficult	difficult	ADJ
epaa-580	463	22	to	to	PART
epaa-580	463	23	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-580	463	24	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	463	25	without	without	ADP
epaa-580	463	26	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-580	463	27	competence	competence	NOUN
epaa-580	463	28	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	463	29	the	the	DET
epaa-580	463	30	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	463	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	463	32	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	463	33	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	463	34	should	should	AUX
epaa-580	463	35	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-580	463	36	also	also	ADV
epaa-580	463	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	464	1	22	22	NUM
epaa-580	464	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	464	3	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	464	4	f.	f.	NOUN
epaa-580	464	5	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	464	6	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	464	7	relate	relate	VERB
epaa-580	464	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	464	9	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	464	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	464	11	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-580	464	12	development	development	NOUN
epaa-580	464	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	465	1	unfortunately	unfortunately	ADV
epaa-580	465	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	465	3	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	465	4	current	current	ADJ
epaa-580	465	5	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	465	6	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	465	7	concentrate	concentrate	VERB
epaa-580	465	8	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	465	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	465	10	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	465	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	465	12	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	465	13	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-580	465	14	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	465	15	do	do	VERB
epaa-580	465	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	465	17	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-580	465	18	development	development	NOUN
epaa-580	465	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	465	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	465	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	466	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	466	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	466	3	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-580	466	4	sap	sap	PROPN
epaa-580	466	5	program	program	PROPN
epaa-580	466	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	466	7	example	example	NOUN
epaa-580	466	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	466	9	only	only	ADV
epaa-580	466	10	19	19	NUM
epaa-580	466	11	%	%	NOUN
epaa-580	466	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	466	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	466	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	466	15	felt	feel	VERB
epaa-580	466	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	466	17	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-580	466	18	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-580	466	19	development	development	NOUN
epaa-580	466	20	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	466	21	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	466	22	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-580	466	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	466	24	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	466	25	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	466	26	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	466	27	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	466	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	466	29	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	466	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	466	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	467	1	combs	comb	NOUN
epaa-580	467	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	467	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	467	4	his	his	PRON
epaa-580	467	5	critique	critique	NOUN
epaa-580	467	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	467	7	top	top	ADJ
epaa-580	467	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	467	9	down	down	ADP
epaa-580	467	10	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	467	11	mandates	mandate	NOUN
epaa-580	467	12	stated	state	VERB
epaa-580	467	13	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	467	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	467	15	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	467	16	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-580	467	17	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	467	18	n't	not	PART
epaa-580	467	19	change	change	VERB
epaa-580	467	20	people	people	NOUN
epaa-580	467	21	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	467	22	people	people	NOUN
epaa-580	467	23	change	change	VERB
epaa-580	467	24	things	thing	NOUN
epaa-580	467	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	467	26	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	468	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	468	2	quoted	quote	VERB
epaa-580	468	3	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	468	4	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	468	5	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	468	6	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	468	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	468	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	468	9	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	468	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	468	11	p.50	p.50	PROPN
epaa-580	468	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	468	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	469	1	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	469	2	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	469	3	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	469	4	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	469	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	469	6	pointed	point	VERB
epaa-580	469	7	out	out	ADP
epaa-580	469	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	469	9	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	469	10	review	review	NOUN
epaa-580	469	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	469	12	cohen	cohen	PROPN
epaa-580	469	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	469	14	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	469	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	469	16	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	469	17	13	13	NUM
epaa-580	469	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	469	19	had	have	AUX
epaa-580	469	20	noted	note	VERB
epaa-580	469	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	469	22	apparent	apparent	ADJ
epaa-580	469	23	anomaly	anomaly	NOUN
epaa-580	469	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	469	25	the	the	DET
epaa-580	469	26	systemic	systemic	ADJ
epaa-580	469	27	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	469	28	movement	movement	NOUN
epaa-580	469	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	469	30	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	469	31	intentions	intention	NOUN
epaa-580	469	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	470	1	motivated	motivate	VERB
epaa-580	470	2	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	470	3	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-580	470	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	470	5	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	470	6	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	470	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	470	8	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-580	470	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	470	10	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-580	470	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	470	12	systemic	systemic	ADJ
epaa-580	470	13	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	470	14	propose	propose	VERB
epaa-580	470	15	to	to	PART
epaa-580	470	16	radically	radically	ADV
epaa-580	470	17	change	change	VERB
epaa-580	470	18	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	470	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	470	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	470	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	470	22	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	470	23	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	470	24	must	must	AUX
epaa-580	470	25	rely	rely	VERB
epaa-580	470	26	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	470	27	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	470	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	470	29	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-580	470	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	471	1	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	471	2	these	these	DET
epaa-580	471	3	agents	agent	NOUN
epaa-580	471	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	471	5	change	change	NOUN
epaa-580	471	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	471	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	471	8	very	very	ADJ
epaa-580	471	9	professionals	professional	NOUN
epaa-580	471	10	whose	whose	DET
epaa-580	471	11	work	work	NOUN
epaa-580	471	12	reformers	reformer	NOUN
epaa-580	471	13	find	find	VERB
epaa-580	471	14	so	so	ADV
epaa-580	471	15	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-580	471	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	472	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	472	2	quoted	quote	VERB
epaa-580	472	3	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	472	4	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	472	5	et	et	PROPN
epaa-580	472	6	al	al	PROPN
epaa-580	472	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	472	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	472	9	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	472	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	472	11	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	472	12	105	105	NUM
epaa-580	472	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	472	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	473	1	vi	vi	X
epaa-580	473	2	.	.	NOUN
epaa-580	473	3	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	473	4	so	so	ADV
epaa-580	473	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	473	6	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	473	7	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	473	8	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	473	9	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-580	473	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	473	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	473	12	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	473	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	473	14	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	473	15	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	474	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	474	2	list	list	VERB
epaa-580	474	3	a	a	DET
epaa-580	474	4	dozen	dozen	NOUN
epaa-580	474	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	475	1	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-580	475	2	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	475	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	475	4	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-580	475	5	1	1	X
epaa-580	475	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	476	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	476	2	are	be	VERB
epaa-580	476	3	a	a	DET
epaa-580	476	4	variety	variety	NOUN
epaa-580	476	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	476	6	purposes	purpose	NOUN
epaa-580	476	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	476	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	476	9	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-580	476	10	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-580	476	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	476	12	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	476	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	476	14	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	476	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	477	1	some	some	PRON
epaa-580	477	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	477	3	these	these	PRON
epaa-580	477	4	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	477	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	477	6	unrealistic	unrealistic	ADJ
epaa-580	477	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	478	1	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	478	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	478	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	478	4	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	478	5	have	have	AUX
epaa-580	478	6	become	become	VERB
epaa-580	478	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	478	8	engine	engine	NOUN
epaa-580	478	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	478	10	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-580	478	11	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	478	12	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	478	13	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	478	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	478	15	petrie	petrie	NOUN
epaa-580	478	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	478	17	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-580	478	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	478	19	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	478	20	175	175	NUM
epaa-580	478	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	478	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	479	1	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-580	479	2	need	need	VERB
epaa-580	479	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	479	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	479	5	2	2	NUM
epaa-580	479	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	480	1	scholars	scholar	NOUN
epaa-580	480	2	seem	seem	VERB
epaa-580	480	3	to	to	PART
epaa-580	480	4	agree	agree	VERB
epaa-580	480	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	480	6	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	480	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	480	8	unwise	unwise	ADJ
epaa-580	480	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	480	10	illogical	illogical	ADJ
epaa-580	480	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	480	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	480	13	unscholarly	unscholarly	ADV
epaa-580	480	14	to	to	PART
epaa-580	480	15	just	just	ADV
epaa-580	480	16	assume	assume	VERB
epaa-580	480	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	480	18	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	480	19	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	480	20	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	480	21	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	480	22	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	480	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	481	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	481	2	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	481	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	481	4	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-580	481	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	481	6	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-580	481	7	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	481	8	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	481	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	481	10	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	481	11	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	481	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	482	1	c.	c.	NOUN
epaa-580	482	2	quantity	quantity	NOUN
epaa-580	482	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	482	4	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-580	482	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	482	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	482	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	482	8	3	3	X
epaa-580	482	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	483	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	483	2	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	483	3	profit	profit	VERB
epaa-580	483	4	us	we	PRON
epaa-580	483	5	to	to	PART
epaa-580	483	6	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	483	7	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	483	8	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	483	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	484	1	4	4	X
epaa-580	484	2	.	.	X
epaa-580	484	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	484	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	484	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-580	484	6	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	484	7	have	have	VERB
epaa-580	484	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	484	9	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-580	484	10	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	484	11	respect	respect	NOUN
epaa-580	484	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	484	13	drawing	draw	VERB
epaa-580	484	14	any	any	DET
epaa-580	484	15	cause	cause	NOUN
epaa-580	484	16	/	/	SYM
epaa-580	484	17	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	484	18	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-580	484	19	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	484	20	the	the	DET
epaa-580	484	21	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	484	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	485	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	485	2	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	485	3	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-580	485	4	concomitant	concomitant	ADJ
epaa-580	485	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	485	6	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-580	485	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	485	8	both	both	PRON
epaa-580	485	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	485	10	curricular	curricular	ADJ
epaa-580	485	11	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
epaa-580	485	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	485	13	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	485	14	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	485	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	485	16	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	485	17	much	much	ADJ
epaa-580	485	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	485	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	485	20	change	change	NOUN
epaa-580	485	21	was	be	AUX
epaa-580	485	22	due	due	ADJ
epaa-580	485	23	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	485	24	which	which	DET
epaa-580	485	25	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-580	485	26	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	486	1	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	486	2	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-580	486	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	486	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-580	486	5	5	5	NUM
epaa-580	486	6	.	.	X
epaa-580	486	7	not	not	PART
epaa-580	486	8	everyone	everyone	PRON
epaa-580	486	9	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	486	10	view	view	VERB
epaa-580	486	11	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-580	486	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	486	13	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-580	486	14	reforming	reform	VERB
epaa-580	486	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	486	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	486	17	a	a	DET
epaa-580	486	18	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-580	486	19	way	way	NOUN
epaa-580	486	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	486	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-580	486	22	the	the	DET
epaa-580	486	23	same	same	ADJ
epaa-580	486	24	affect	affect	NOUN
epaa-580	486	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	487	1	some	some	PRON
epaa-580	487	2	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	487	3	think	think	VERB
epaa-580	487	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	487	5	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-580	487	6	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-580	487	7	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-580	487	8	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	487	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	487	10	others	other	NOUN
epaa-580	487	11	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	487	12	think	think	VERB
epaa-580	487	13	23	23	NUM
epaa-580	487	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	487	15	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	487	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	487	17	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-580	487	18	constitute	constitute	VERB
epaa-580	487	19	negative	negative	ADJ
epaa-580	487	20	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	487	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	488	1	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	488	2	curricular	curricular	PROPN
epaa-580	488	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	488	4	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	488	5	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	488	6	6	6	NUM
epaa-580	488	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	488	8	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	488	9	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	488	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	488	11	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-580	488	12	do	do	AUX
epaa-580	488	13	impact	impact	VERB
epaa-580	488	14	both	both	DET
epaa-580	488	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	488	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	488	17	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	488	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	488	19	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	488	20	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	488	21	alone	alone	ADV
epaa-580	488	22	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	488	23	not	not	PART
epaa-580	488	24	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	488	25	as	as	ADV
epaa-580	488	26	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-580	488	27	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	488	28	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	488	29	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	488	30	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	488	31	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	488	32	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	488	33	were	be	VERB
epaa-580	488	34	more	more	ADJ
epaa-580	488	35	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	488	36	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-580	488	37	development	development	NOUN
epaa-580	488	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	489	1	7	7	X
epaa-580	489	2	.	.	X
epaa-580	489	3	attempts	attempt	NOUN
epaa-580	489	4	to	to	PART
epaa-580	489	5	reform	reform	VERB
epaa-580	489	6	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	489	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	489	8	ways	way	NOUN
epaa-580	489	9	neither	neither	PRON
epaa-580	489	10	front	front	ADJ
epaa-580	489	11	line	line	NOUN
epaa-580	489	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	489	13	nor	nor	CCONJ
epaa-580	489	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	489	15	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	489	16	support	support	NOUN
epaa-580	489	17	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-580	489	18	unwise	unwise	ADJ
epaa-580	489	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	490	1	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-580	490	2	impact	impact	PROPN
epaa-580	490	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	490	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	490	5	8	8	NUM
epaa-580	490	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	491	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	491	2	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	491	3	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	491	4	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-580	491	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	491	6	stress	stress	NOUN
epaa-580	491	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	491	8	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-580	491	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	491	10	morale	morale	NOUN
epaa-580	491	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	492	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-580	492	2	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-580	492	3	unfortunate	unfortunate	ADJ
epaa-580	492	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	492	5	me	i	PRON
epaa-580	492	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	492	7	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	492	8	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	492	9	make	make	VERB
epaa-580	492	10	others	other	NOUN
epaa-580	492	11	happy	happy	ADJ
epaa-580	492	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	493	1	9	9	X
epaa-580	493	2	.	.	X
epaa-580	493	3	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	493	4	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	493	5	assist	assist	VERB
epaa-580	493	6	both	both	DET
epaa-580	493	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	493	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	493	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	493	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	493	11	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-580	493	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	493	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	493	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	493	15	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	493	16	achieving	achieve	VERB
epaa-580	493	17	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	493	18	a	a	DET
epaa-580	493	19	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
epaa-580	493	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	493	21	level	level	NOUN
epaa-580	493	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	494	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-580	494	2	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-580	494	3	like	like	ADP
epaa-580	494	4	useful	useful	ADJ
epaa-580	494	5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-580	494	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	495	1	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-580	495	2	impact	impact	PROPN
epaa-580	495	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	495	4	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	495	5	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	495	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	495	7	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	495	8	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-580	495	9	10	10	NUM
epaa-580	495	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	496	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	496	2	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	496	3	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	496	4	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	496	5	result	result	VERB
epaa-580	496	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	496	7	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	496	8	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	496	9	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	496	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	497	1	both	both	DET
epaa-580	497	2	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	497	3	security	security	NOUN
epaa-580	497	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	497	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	497	6	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-580	497	7	to	to	PART
epaa-580	497	8	misadminister	misadminister	VERB
epaa-580	497	9	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	497	10	mis	mi	NOUN
epaa-580	497	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	497	12	score	score	NOUN
epaa-580	497	13	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	497	14	must	must	AUX
epaa-580	497	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	497	16	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-580	497	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	497	18	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-580	497	19	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-580	497	20	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	497	21	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	497	22	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-580	497	23	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	497	24	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-580	497	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	498	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	498	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	498	3	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	498	4	items	item	NOUN
epaa-580	498	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	498	6	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	498	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	498	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	498	9	reused	reuse	VERB
epaa-580	498	10	items	item	NOUN
epaa-580	498	11	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	498	12	not	not	PART
epaa-580	498	13	memorable	memorable	ADJ
epaa-580	498	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	498	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	498	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	498	17	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	498	18	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	498	19	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	498	20	administered	administer	VERB
epaa-580	498	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	498	22	scored	score	VERB
epaa-580	498	23	correctly	correctly	ADV
epaa-580	498	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	498	25	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	498	26	seems	seem	VERB
epaa-580	498	27	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
epaa-580	498	28	to	to	PART
epaa-580	498	29	infer	infer	VERB
epaa-580	498	30	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	498	31	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	498	32	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	498	33	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-580	498	34	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	498	35	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	498	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	498	37	the	the	DET
epaa-580	498	38	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-580	498	39	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	498	40	the	the	DET
epaa-580	498	41	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	498	42	covers	cover	VERB
epaa-580	498	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	499	1	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	499	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	499	3	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	499	4	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	499	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	499	6	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	499	7	represents	represent	VERB
epaa-580	499	8	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	499	9	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	499	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	499	11	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	499	12	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	499	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	499	14	that	that	DET
epaa-580	499	15	domain	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	499	16	does	do	AUX
epaa-580	499	17	not	not	PART
epaa-580	499	18	result	result	VERB
epaa-580	499	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	499	20	ignoring	ignore	VERB
epaa-580	499	21	other	other	ADJ
epaa-580	499	22	equally	equally	ADV
epaa-580	499	23	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	499	24	domains	domain	NOUN
epaa-580	499	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	500	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-580	500	2	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	500	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	500	4	not	not	PART
epaa-580	500	5	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	500	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	500	7	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	500	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	500	9	incorrectly	incorrectly	ADV
epaa-580	500	10	administered	administer	VERB
epaa-580	500	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	500	12	scored	score	VERB
epaa-580	500	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	500	14	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	500	15	is	be	VERB
epaa-580	500	16	no	no	DET
epaa-580	500	17	reason	reason	NOUN
epaa-580	500	18	to	to	PART
epaa-580	500	19	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	500	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-580	500	21	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	500	22	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	500	23	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-580	500	24	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-580	500	25	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	500	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	501	1	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-580	501	2	impact	impact	PROPN
epaa-580	501	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	501	4	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	501	5	11	11	NUM
epaa-580	501	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	502	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	502	2	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	502	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	502	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	502	5	press	press	NOUN
epaa-580	502	6	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	502	7	more	more	ADV
epaa-580	502	8	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-580	502	9	to	to	PART
epaa-580	502	10	use	use	VERB
epaa-580	502	11	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	502	12	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	502	13	believe	believe	VERB
epaa-580	502	14	to	to	PART
epaa-580	502	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	502	16	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	502	17	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
epaa-580	502	18	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	502	19	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	502	20	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	502	21	to	to	PART
epaa-580	502	22	blame	blame	VERB
epaa-580	502	23	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-580	502	24	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-580	502	25	to	to	PART
epaa-580	502	26	use	use	VERB
epaa-580	502	27	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	502	28	good	good	ADJ
epaa-580	502	29	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	502	30	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	502	31	to	to	PART
epaa-580	502	32	praise	praise	VERB
epaa-580	502	33	them	they	PRON
epaa-580	502	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	503	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	503	2	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	503	3	continue	continue	VERB
epaa-580	503	4	to	to	PART
epaa-580	503	5	make	make	VERB
epaa-580	503	6	inappropriate	inappropriate	ADJ
epaa-580	503	7	causative	causative	ADJ
epaa-580	503	8	inferences	inference	NOUN
epaa-580	503	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	503	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	503	11	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-580	503	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	504	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	504	2	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	504	3	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	504	4	not	not	PART
epaa-580	504	5	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	504	6	impressed	impress	VERB
epaa-580	504	7	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	504	8	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	504	9	over	over	ADP
epaa-580	504	10	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	504	11	curricula	curricula	NOUN
epaa-580	504	12	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	504	13	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-580	504	14	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
epaa-580	504	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	505	1	i.	i.	PROPN
epaa-580	505	2	confounding	confound	VERB
epaa-580	505	3	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	505	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	505	5	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	505	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	505	7	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	505	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	505	9	considering	consider	VERB
epaa-580	505	10	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	505	11	24	24	NUM
epaa-580	505	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	505	13	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	505	14	12	12	NUM
epaa-580	505	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	506	1	there	there	PRON
epaa-580	506	2	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	506	3	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	506	4	a	a	DET
epaa-580	506	5	great	great	ADJ
epaa-580	506	6	deal	deal	NOUN
epaa-580	506	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	506	8	confounding	confound	VERB
epaa-580	506	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	506	10	item	item	NOUN
epaa-580	506	11	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	506	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	506	13	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	506	14	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	506	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	506	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	506	17	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	506	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	507	1	which	which	DET
epaa-580	507	2	format	format	NOUN
epaa-580	507	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	507	4	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	507	5	probably	probably	ADV
epaa-580	507	6	makes	make	VERB
epaa-580	507	7	far	far	ADV
epaa-580	507	8	less	less	ADJ
epaa-580	507	9	difference	difference	NOUN
epaa-580	507	10	than	than	ADP
epaa-580	507	11	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	507	12	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	507	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	507	14	used	use	VERB
epaa-580	507	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	508	1	references	reference	NOUN
epaa-580	508	2	airasian	airasian	ADJ
epaa-580	508	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	508	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-580	508	5	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-580	508	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	508	7	1988	1988	NUM
epaa-580	508	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	508	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	509	1	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	509	2	driven	drive	VERB
epaa-580	509	3	instruction	instruction	NOUN
epaa-580	509	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	509	5	a	a	DET
epaa-580	509	6	closer	close	ADJ
epaa-580	509	7	look	look	NOUN
epaa-580	509	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	510	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	510	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	510	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	510	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	510	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	510	6	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	510	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	510	8	7(4	7(4	NUM
epaa-580	510	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	510	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	510	11	6	6	NUM
epaa-580	510	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	510	13	11	11	NUM
epaa-580	510	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	511	1	anderson	anderson	PROPN
epaa-580	511	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	511	3	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-580	511	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	511	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	511	6	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-580	511	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	511	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	512	1	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	512	2	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	512	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	512	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	512	5	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	512	6	community	community	NOUN
epaa-580	512	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	512	8	friends	friend	NOUN
epaa-580	512	9	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	512	10	foes	foe	NOUN
epaa-580	512	11	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	513	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	513	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	513	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	513	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	513	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	513	6	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	513	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	513	8	4(2	4(2	NUM
epaa-580	513	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	513	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	513	11	22	22	NUM
epaa-580	513	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	513	13	25	25	NUM
epaa-580	513	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	514	1	anderson	anderson	PROPN
epaa-580	514	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	514	3	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-580	514	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	514	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	514	6	pipho	pipho	NOUN
epaa-580	514	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	514	8	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-580	514	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	514	10	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-580	514	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	514	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	515	1	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	515	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	515	3	mandated	mandate	VERB
epaa-580	515	4	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	515	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	515	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	515	7	fate	fate	NOUN
epaa-580	515	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	515	9	local	local	ADJ
epaa-580	515	10	control	control	NOUN
epaa-580	515	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	516	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-580	516	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-580	516	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-580	516	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	516	5	66	66	NUM
epaa-580	516	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	516	7	209	209	NUM
epaa-580	516	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	516	9	212	212	NUM
epaa-580	516	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	517	1	baker	baker	PROPN
epaa-580	517	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	517	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	517	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	517	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	517	6	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	517	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	517	8	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-580	517	9	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	517	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	517	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	517	12	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-580	517	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	517	14	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-580	517	15	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	517	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	517	17	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	517	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	517	19	summer	summer	NOUN
epaa-580	517	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	517	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	518	1	cresst	cresst	NOUN
epaa-580	518	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	518	3	a	a	DET
epaa-580	518	4	continuing	continue	VERB
epaa-580	518	5	mission	mission	NOUN
epaa-580	518	6	to	to	PART
epaa-580	518	7	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-580	518	8	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	518	9	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	518	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	519	1	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	519	2	comment	comment	NOUN
epaa-580	519	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	520	1	baker	baker	PROPN
epaa-580	520	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	520	3	e.l	e.l	PROPN
epaa-580	520	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	520	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	520	6	o'neil	o'neil	PROPN
epaa-580	520	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	520	8	h.f	h.f	PROPN
epaa-580	520	9	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	520	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	520	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	520	12	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	520	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	520	14	r.l	r.l	PROPN
epaa-580	520	15	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	520	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	520	17	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-580	520	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	520	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	521	1	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	521	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	521	3	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	521	4	prospects	prospect	NOUN
epaa-580	521	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	521	6	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	521	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	521	8	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	521	9	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	521	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	522	1	american	american	ADJ
epaa-580	522	2	psychologist	psychologist	NOUN
epaa-580	522	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	522	4	48(12	48(12	NUM
epaa-580	522	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	522	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	522	7	1210	1210	NUM
epaa-580	522	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	522	9	1218	1218	NUM
epaa-580	522	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	523	1	berliner	berliner	PROPN
epaa-580	523	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	523	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	523	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	523	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	523	6	biddle	biddle	PROPN
epaa-580	523	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	523	8	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-580	523	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	523	10	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	523	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	523	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	524	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	524	2	manufactured	manufacture	VERB
epaa-580	524	3	crisis	crisis	NOUN
epaa-580	524	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	524	5	myths	myth	NOUN
epaa-580	524	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	524	7	fraud	fraud	NOUN
epaa-580	524	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	524	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	524	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	524	11	attack	attack	NOUN
epaa-580	524	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	524	13	america	america	PROPN
epaa-580	524	14	's	's	PART
epaa-580	524	15	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	524	16	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	524	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	525	1	new	new	PROPN
epaa-580	525	2	york	york	PROPN
epaa-580	525	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	525	4	addison	addison	PROPN
epaa-580	525	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	525	6	wesley	wesley	PROPN
epaa-580	525	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	526	1	bracey	bracey	PROPN
epaa-580	526	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	526	3	g.w	g.w	PROPN
epaa-580	526	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	526	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	526	6	fall	fall	NOUN
epaa-580	526	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	526	8	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	526	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	526	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	527	1	variance	variance	NOUN
epaa-580	527	2	happens	happen	VERB
epaa-580	527	3	-get	-get	NOUN
epaa-580	527	4	over	over	ADP
epaa-580	527	5	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	527	6	!	!	PUNCT
epaa-580	528	1	technos	techno	NOUN
epaa-580	528	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	528	3	4(3	4(3	NUM
epaa-580	528	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	528	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	528	6	22	22	NUM
epaa-580	528	7	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	528	8	29	29	NUM
epaa-580	528	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	529	1	bracey	bracey	PROPN
epaa-580	529	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	529	3	g.w	g.w	PROPN
epaa-580	529	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	529	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	529	6	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	529	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	529	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	530	1	international	international	ADJ
epaa-580	530	2	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
epaa-580	530	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	530	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	530	5	condition	condition	NOUN
epaa-580	530	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	530	7	american	american	ADJ
epaa-580	530	8	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	530	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	530	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	530	11	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-580	530	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	530	13	25(1	25(1	NUM
epaa-580	530	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	530	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	530	16	5	5	NUM
epaa-580	530	17	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	530	18	11	11	NUM
epaa-580	530	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	531	1	browder	browder	PROPN
epaa-580	531	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	531	3	l.h	l.h	PROPN
epaa-580	531	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	531	5	jr	jr	PROPN
epaa-580	531	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	532	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	532	2	1971	1971	NUM
epaa-580	532	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	532	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	533	1	emerging	emerge	VERB
epaa-580	533	2	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-580	533	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	533	4	administrative	administrative	ADJ
epaa-580	533	5	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	533	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	534	1	berkeley	berkeley	PROPN
epaa-580	534	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	534	3	ca	ca	NOUN
epaa-580	534	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	534	5	mccutchan	mccutchan	PROPN
epaa-580	534	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	535	1	chudowsky	chudowsky	PROPN
epaa-580	535	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	535	3	n.	n.	NOUN
epaa-580	535	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	535	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	535	6	behuniak	behuniak	PROPN
epaa-580	535	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	535	8	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	535	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	535	10	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	535	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	535	12	march	march	PROPN
epaa-580	535	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	535	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	536	1	establishing	establish	VERB
epaa-580	536	2	consequential	consequential	ADJ
epaa-580	536	3	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	536	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	536	5	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	536	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	536	7	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	536	8	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	536	9	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	536	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	537	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-580	537	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-580	537	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	537	4	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-580	537	5	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-580	537	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	537	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	537	8	national	national	PROPN
epaa-580	537	9	council	council	PROPN
epaa-580	537	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	537	11	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	537	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	537	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	537	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	537	15	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-580	537	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	537	17	il	il	PROPN
epaa-580	537	18	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	537	19	cresst	cresst	NOUN
epaa-580	537	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	538	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	538	2	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	538	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	538	4	spring	spring	NOUN
epaa-580	538	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	538	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	539	1	analyzing	analyze	VERB
epaa-580	539	2	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-580	539	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	539	4	reforms	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	539	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	540	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	540	2	cresst	cresst	NOUN
epaa-580	540	3	line	line	NOUN
epaa-580	540	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	541	1	cunningham	cunningham	PROPN
epaa-580	541	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	541	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-580	541	4	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-580	542	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	542	2	no	no	DET
epaa-580	542	3	date	date	NOUN
epaa-580	542	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	542	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	543	1	response	response	NOUN
epaa-580	543	2	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	543	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	543	4	response	response	NOUN
epaa-580	543	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	543	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	543	7	oea	oea	PROPN
epaa-580	543	8	panel	panel	NOUN
epaa-580	543	9	report	report	NOUN
epaa-580	543	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	544	1	university	university	NOUN
epaa-580	544	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	544	3	louisville	louisville	PROPN
epaa-580	544	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	545	1	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-580	545	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	545	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-580	545	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	545	5	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	545	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	545	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	546	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	546	2	political	political	ADJ
epaa-580	546	3	legacy	legacy	NOUN
epaa-580	546	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	546	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	546	6	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	546	7	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-580	546	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	547	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	547	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	547	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	547	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-580	547	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	547	6	6	6	NUM
epaa-580	547	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	547	8	no	no	INTJ
epaa-580	547	9	.	.	NOUN
epaa-580	547	10	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	547	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	547	12	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-580	547	13	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	547	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	547	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	548	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	548	2	available	available	ADJ
epaa-580	548	3	online	online	ADV
epaa-580	548	4	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	548	5	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v6n1.html	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v6n1.html	NUM
epaa-580	548	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	548	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	549	1	ebel	ebel	PROPN
epaa-580	549	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	549	3	r.l	r.l	PROPN
epaa-580	549	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	549	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	549	6	1976	1976	NUM
epaa-580	549	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	549	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	550	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	550	2	paradox	paradox	NOUN
epaa-580	550	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	550	4	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	550	5	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	550	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	551	1	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	551	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	551	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	551	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	551	5	7(4	7(4	NUM
epaa-580	551	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	551	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	551	8	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	551	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	551	10	12	12	NUM
epaa-580	551	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	552	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	552	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	552	3	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	552	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	553	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	553	2	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	553	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	553	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	554	1	an	an	DET
epaa-580	554	2	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-580	554	3	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	554	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	554	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	554	6	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	554	7	instructional	instructional	PROPN
epaa-580	554	8	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	554	9	information	information	NOUN
epaa-580	554	10	system	system	NOUN
epaa-580	554	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	554	12	kiris	kiris	PROPN
epaa-580	554	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	555	1	[	[	X
epaa-580	555	2	report	report	NOUN
epaa-580	555	3	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-580	555	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	555	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	555	6	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	555	7	institute	institute	PROPN
epaa-580	555	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	555	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	555	10	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	555	11	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-580	555	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	556	1	western	western	PROPN
epaa-580	556	2	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-580	556	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	556	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	557	1	25	25	NUM
epaa-580	557	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	557	3	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	557	4	floden	floden	ADJ
epaa-580	557	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	557	6	r.e	r.e	PROPN
epaa-580	557	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	557	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	557	9	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	557	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	557	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	558	1	personal	personal	ADJ
epaa-580	558	2	communication	communication	NOUN
epaa-580	558	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	559	1	froomkin	froomkin	PROPN
epaa-580	559	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	559	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	559	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	559	5	sept	sept	PROPN
epaa-580	559	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	559	7	29	29	NUM
epaa-580	559	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	559	9	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	559	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	559	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	560	1	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	560	2	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	560	3	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	560	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	560	5	an	an	DET
epaa-580	560	6	introduction	introduction	NOUN
epaa-580	560	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	561	1	back	back	ADV
epaa-580	561	2	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	561	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	561	4	top	top	NOUN
epaa-580	561	5	[	[	X
epaa-580	561	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	561	7	line	line	NOUN
epaa-580	561	8	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-580	561	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	561	10	digital	digital	ADJ
epaa-580	561	11	ink	ink	NOUN
epaa-580	561	12	company	company	NOUN
epaa-580	561	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	562	1	gearhart	gearhart	PROPN
epaa-580	562	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	562	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-580	562	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	562	5	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-580	562	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	562	7	j.l	j.l	PROPN
epaa-580	562	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	562	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	562	10	baker	baker	PROPN
epaa-580	562	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	562	12	e.l	e.l	PROPN
epaa-580	562	13	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	562	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	562	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	562	16	whittaker	whittaker	PROPN
epaa-580	562	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	562	18	a.k	a.k	PROPN
epaa-580	562	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	562	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	562	21	july	july	PROPN
epaa-580	562	22	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-580	562	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	562	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	563	1	whose	whose	DET
epaa-580	563	2	work	work	NOUN
epaa-580	563	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	563	4	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	563	5	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	564	1	a	a	DET
epaa-580	564	2	question	question	NOUN
epaa-580	564	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	564	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	564	5	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	564	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	564	7	large	large	ADJ
epaa-580	564	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	564	9	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-580	564	10	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-580	564	11	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	564	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	565	1	cse	cse	PROPN
epaa-580	565	2	technical	technical	PROPN
epaa-580	565	3	report	report	PROPN
epaa-580	565	4	363	363	NUM
epaa-580	565	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	565	6	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	565	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	565	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	565	9	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	565	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	565	11	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	565	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	565	13	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	565	14	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	565	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	565	16	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	565	17	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	565	18	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	565	19	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	565	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	565	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	565	22	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	565	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	565	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	565	25	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-580	565	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	565	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	565	28	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	565	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	565	30	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	565	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	565	32	california	california	PROPN
epaa-580	565	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	565	34	los	los	PROPN
epaa-580	565	35	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-580	565	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	566	1	green	green	PROPN
epaa-580	566	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	566	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	566	4	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-580	566	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	566	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	566	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	566	8	march	march	PROPN
epaa-580	566	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	566	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	567	1	consequential	consequential	ADJ
epaa-580	567	2	aspects	aspect	NOUN
epaa-580	567	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	567	4	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	567	5	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	567	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	567	7	a	a	DET
epaa-580	567	8	publisher	publisher	NOUN
epaa-580	567	9	's	's	PART
epaa-580	567	10	point	point	NOUN
epaa-580	567	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	567	12	view	view	NOUN
epaa-580	567	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	568	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-580	568	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-580	568	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	568	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	568	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-580	568	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-580	568	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	568	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	568	9	american	american	PROPN
epaa-580	568	10	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-580	568	11	research	research	PROPN
epaa-580	568	12	association	association	PROPN
epaa-580	568	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	568	14	the	the	DET
epaa-580	568	15	national	national	PROPN
epaa-580	568	16	council	council	PROPN
epaa-580	568	17	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	568	18	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	568	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	568	20	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	568	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	568	22	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-580	568	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	568	24	il	il	PROPN
epaa-580	568	25	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	568	26	haney	haney	PROPN
epaa-580	568	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	568	28	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-580	568	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	568	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	568	31	madaus	madau	NOUN
epaa-580	568	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	568	33	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-580	568	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	568	35	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-580	568	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	568	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	569	1	searching	search	VERB
epaa-580	569	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	569	3	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
epaa-580	569	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	569	5	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-580	569	6	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	569	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	569	8	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-580	569	9	s	s	VERB
epaa-580	569	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	569	11	what	what	PRON
epaa-580	569	12	s	s	VERB
epaa-580	569	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	569	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	569	15	whithers	whither	NOUN
epaa-580	569	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	570	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-580	570	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-580	570	3	kappan	kappan	NOUN
epaa-580	570	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	570	5	70(9	70(9	NUM
epaa-580	570	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	570	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	570	8	683	683	NUM
epaa-580	570	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	570	10	687	687	NUM
epaa-580	570	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	571	1	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-580	571	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	571	3	j.l	j.l	PROPN
epaa-580	571	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	571	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	571	6	klein	klein	PROPN
epaa-580	571	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	571	8	d.c.d	d.c.d	PROPN
epaa-580	571	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	571	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	571	11	heath	heath	PROPN
epaa-580	571	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	571	13	t.m	t.m	PROPN
epaa-580	571	14	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	571	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	571	16	wakai	wakai	PROPN
epaa-580	571	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	571	18	s.t	s.t	PROPN
epaa-580	571	19	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	571	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	571	21	december	december	PROPN
epaa-580	571	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	571	23	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-580	571	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	571	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	572	1	a	a	DET
epaa-580	572	2	first	first	ADJ
epaa-580	572	3	look	look	NOUN
epaa-580	572	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	572	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	572	6	claims	claim	NOUN
epaa-580	572	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	572	8	alternative	alternative	ADJ
epaa-580	572	9	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	572	10	holding	hold	VERB
epaa-580	572	11	up	up	ADP
epaa-580	572	12	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	573	1	cse	cse	PROPN
epaa-580	573	2	technical	technical	PROPN
epaa-580	573	3	report	report	PROPN
epaa-580	573	4	391	391	NUM
epaa-580	573	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	573	6	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	573	7	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	573	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	573	9	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	573	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	573	11	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	573	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	573	13	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	573	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	573	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	573	16	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	573	17	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	573	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	573	19	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	573	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	573	21	california	california	PROPN
epaa-580	573	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	573	23	los	los	PROPN
epaa-580	573	24	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-580	573	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	574	1	jones	jones	PROPN
epaa-580	574	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	574	3	l.v	l.v	PROPN
epaa-580	574	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	574	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	574	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	574	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	574	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	575	1	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	575	2	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	575	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	575	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	575	5	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	575	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	575	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	575	8	they	they	PRON
epaa-580	575	9	compatible	compatible	ADJ
epaa-580	575	10	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	576	1	william	william	PROPN
epaa-580	576	2	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-580	576	3	angoff	angoff	PROPN
epaa-580	576	4	memorial	memorial	ADJ
epaa-580	576	5	lecture	lecture	NOUN
epaa-580	576	6	series	series	NOUN
epaa-580	576	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	577	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	577	2	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	577	3	service	service	NOUN
epaa-580	577	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	578	1	kane	kane	PROPN
epaa-580	578	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	578	3	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-580	578	4	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-580	578	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	578	6	khattri	khattri	PROPN
epaa-580	578	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	578	8	n.	n.	PROPN
epaa-580	578	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	578	10	reeve	reeve	PROPN
epaa-580	578	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	578	12	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-580	578	13	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	578	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	578	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	578	16	adamson	adamson	PROPN
epaa-580	578	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	578	18	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-580	578	19	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-580	578	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	578	21	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	578	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	578	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	579	1	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	579	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	579	3	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	579	4	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	579	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	580	1	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-580	580	2	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-580	580	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	580	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	581	1	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-580	581	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	581	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	581	4	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	581	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	581	6	office	office	NOUN
epaa-580	581	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	581	8	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	581	9	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	581	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	581	11	improvement	improvement	NOUN
epaa-580	581	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	581	13	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-580	581	14	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	581	15	department	department	PROPN
epaa-580	581	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	581	17	education	education	PROPN
epaa-580	581	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	582	1	khattri	khattri	PROPN
epaa-580	582	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	582	3	n.	n.	PROPN
epaa-580	582	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	582	5	kane	kane	PROPN
epaa-580	582	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	582	7	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-580	582	8	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-580	582	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	582	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	582	11	reeve	reeve	PROPN
epaa-580	582	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	582	13	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-580	582	14	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	582	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	582	16	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	582	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	582	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	583	1	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-580	583	2	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	583	3	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	583	4	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-580	583	5	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	583	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	583	7	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-580	583	8	[	[	X
epaa-580	583	9	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	583	10	report	report	NOUN
epaa-580	583	11	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-580	583	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	584	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	584	2	leadership	leadership	NOUN
epaa-580	584	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	585	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	585	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	585	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	585	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	585	5	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	585	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	585	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	586	1	using	use	VERB
epaa-580	586	2	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	586	3	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	586	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	586	5	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	586	6	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	586	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	587	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	587	2	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	587	3	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-580	587	4	hanushek	hanushek	PROPN
epaa-580	587	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	587	6	d.w	d.w	PROPN
epaa-580	587	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	587	8	jorgenson	jorgenson	PROPN
epaa-580	587	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	587	10	eds	eds	PROPN
epaa-580	587	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	587	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	588	1	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-580	588	2	america	america	PROPN
epaa-580	588	3	's	's	PART
epaa-580	588	4	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	588	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	588	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	588	7	role	role	NOUN
epaa-580	588	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	588	9	incentives	incentive	NOUN
epaa-580	588	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	589	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	589	2	pp	pp	ADJ
epaa-580	589	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	590	1	171	171	NUM
epaa-580	590	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	590	3	195	195	NUM
epaa-580	590	4	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	590	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	591	1	national	national	PROPN
epaa-580	591	2	academy	academy	PROPN
epaa-580	591	3	press	press	PROPN
epaa-580	591	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	591	5	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-580	591	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	591	7	dc	dc	PROPN
epaa-580	591	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	592	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	592	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	592	3	d	d	PROPN
epaa-580	592	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	592	5	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	592	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	592	7	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-580	592	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	592	9	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	592	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	592	11	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-580	592	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	592	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	592	14	stecher	stecher	NOUN
epaa-580	592	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	592	16	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-580	592	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	592	18	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	592	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	592	20	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	592	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	592	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	593	1	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	593	2	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	593	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	593	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	593	5	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	593	6	instructional	instructional	PROPN
epaa-580	593	7	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	593	8	information	information	NOUN
epaa-580	593	9	system	system	NOUN
epaa-580	593	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	593	11	kiris	kiris	PROPN
epaa-580	593	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	593	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	594	1	institute	institute	NOUN
epaa-580	594	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	594	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	594	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	594	5	training	training	NOUN
epaa-580	594	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	594	7	rand	rand	NOUN
epaa-580	594	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	595	1	koretz	koretz	PROPN
epaa-580	595	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	595	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	595	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	595	5	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	595	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	595	7	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-580	595	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	595	9	barron	barron	PROPN
epaa-580	595	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	595	11	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-580	595	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	595	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	595	14	keith	keith	PROPN
epaa-580	595	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	595	16	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-580	595	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	595	18	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	595	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	595	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	596	1	final	final	ADJ
epaa-580	596	2	report	report	NOUN
epaa-580	596	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	596	4	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-580	596	5	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	596	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	596	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	596	8	maryland	maryland	NOUN
epaa-580	596	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	596	10	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	596	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	596	12	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	597	1	[	[	X
epaa-580	597	2	cse	cse	PROPN
epaa-580	597	3	technical	technical	PROPN
epaa-580	597	4	report	report	PROPN
epaa-580	597	5	409	409	NUM
epaa-580	597	6	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-580	597	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	598	1	los	los	PROPN
epaa-580	598	2	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-580	598	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	598	4	ca	ca	NOUN
epaa-580	598	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	598	6	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	598	7	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	598	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	598	9	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	598	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	598	11	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	598	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	598	13	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	598	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	598	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	598	16	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	598	17	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	598	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	598	19	cresst	cresst	NOUN
epaa-580	598	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	598	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	598	22	57	57	NUM
epaa-580	598	23	pages	page	NOUN
epaa-580	598	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	598	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	1	kuhs	kuhs	PROPN
epaa-580	599	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-580	599	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	5	porter	porter	NOUN
epaa-580	599	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	7	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-580	599	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	9	floden	floden	PROPN
epaa-580	599	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	11	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-580	599	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	13	freeman	freeman	PROPN
epaa-580	599	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	15	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	599	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	17	schmidt	schmidt	PROPN
epaa-580	599	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	19	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-580	599	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	599	22	schwille	schwille	PROPN
epaa-580	599	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	24	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-580	599	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	26	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-580	599	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	599	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	600	1	differences	difference	NOUN
epaa-580	600	2	among	among	ADP
epaa-580	600	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	600	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	600	5	their	their	PRON
epaa-580	600	6	use	use	NOUN
epaa-580	600	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	600	8	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-580	600	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	600	10	embedded	embed	VERB
epaa-580	600	11	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	600	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	601	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	601	2	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-580	601	3	school	school	PROPN
epaa-580	601	4	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-580	601	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	601	6	86(2	86(2	PROPN
epaa-580	601	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	601	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	601	9	141	141	NUM
epaa-580	601	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	601	11	153	153	NUM
epaa-580	601	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	601	13	lane	lane	PROPN
epaa-580	601	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	601	15	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-580	601	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	601	17	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	601	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	601	19	march	march	PROPN
epaa-580	601	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	601	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	602	1	framework	framework	NOUN
epaa-580	602	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	602	3	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
epaa-580	602	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	602	5	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	602	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	602	7	an	an	DET
epaa-580	602	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	602	9	26	26	NUM
epaa-580	602	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	602	11	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	602	12	program	program	NOUN
epaa-580	602	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	603	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-580	603	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-580	603	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	603	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	603	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-580	603	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-580	603	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	603	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	603	9	national	national	PROPN
epaa-580	603	10	council	council	PROPN
epaa-580	603	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	603	12	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	603	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	603	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	603	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	603	16	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-580	603	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	603	18	il	il	PROPN
epaa-580	603	19	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	603	20	lane	lane	PROPN
epaa-580	603	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	603	22	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-580	603	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	603	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	603	25	parke	parke	PROPN
epaa-580	603	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	603	27	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-580	603	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	603	29	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	603	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	603	31	april	april	PROPN
epaa-580	603	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	603	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	604	1	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	604	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	604	3	a	a	DET
epaa-580	604	4	mathematics	mathematics	NOUN
epaa-580	604	5	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	604	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	604	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	604	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	604	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-580	604	10	between	between	ADP
epaa-580	604	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	604	12	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	604	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	604	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	604	15	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	604	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	605	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-580	605	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-580	605	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	605	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	605	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-580	605	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-580	605	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	605	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	605	9	national	national	PROPN
epaa-580	605	10	council	council	PROPN
epaa-580	605	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	605	12	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	605	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	605	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	605	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	605	16	new	new	PROPN
epaa-580	605	17	york	york	PROPN
epaa-580	605	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	606	1	langdon	langdon	PROPN
epaa-580	606	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	606	3	c.a	c.a	PROPN
epaa-580	606	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	606	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	606	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	606	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	606	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	607	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	607	2	fourth	fourth	ADJ
epaa-580	607	3	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-580	607	4	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-580	607	5	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-580	607	6	poll	poll	PROPN
epaa-580	607	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	607	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	607	9	'	'	PART
epaa-580	607	10	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
epaa-580	607	11	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-580	607	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	607	13	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	607	14	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	607	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	608	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-580	608	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-580	608	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-580	608	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	608	5	79(3	79(3	NUM
epaa-580	608	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	608	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	608	8	212220	212220	NUM
epaa-580	608	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	609	1	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	609	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	609	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-580	609	4	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	609	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	609	6	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-580	609	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	609	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	610	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	610	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	610	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	610	4	expanded	expand	VERB
epaa-580	610	5	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-580	610	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	610	7	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-580	610	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	611	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	611	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	611	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	611	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	611	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	611	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	611	7	15(1	15(1	NUM
epaa-580	611	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	611	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	611	10	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	611	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	611	12	16	16	NUM
epaa-580	611	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	612	1	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	612	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	612	3	r.l	r.l	PROPN
epaa-580	612	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	612	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	612	6	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-580	612	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	612	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	613	1	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	613	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	613	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	613	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	613	5	promises	promise	NOUN
epaa-580	613	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	613	7	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-580	613	8	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	613	9	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	613	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	614	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	614	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-580	614	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	614	4	23(9	23(9	NUM
epaa-580	614	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	614	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	614	7	4	4	NUM
epaa-580	614	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	614	9	14	14	NUM
epaa-580	614	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	615	1	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	615	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	615	3	r.l	r.l	PROPN
epaa-580	615	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	615	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	615	6	baker	baker	PROPN
epaa-580	615	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	615	8	e.l	e.l	PROPN
epaa-580	615	9	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	615	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	615	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	615	12	dunbar	dunbar	PROPN
epaa-580	615	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	615	14	s.b	s.b	PROPN
epaa-580	615	15	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	615	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	615	17	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	615	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	615	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	616	1	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-580	616	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	616	3	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	616	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	616	5	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	616	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	616	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	616	8	expectations	expectation	NOUN
epaa-580	616	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	616	10	validation	validation	NOUN
epaa-580	616	11	criteria	criterion	NOUN
epaa-580	616	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	617	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	617	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-580	617	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	617	4	20(8	20(8	NOUN
epaa-580	617	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	617	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	617	7	15	15	NUM
epaa-580	617	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	617	9	21	21	NUM
epaa-580	617	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	618	1	linn	linn	PROPN
epaa-580	618	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	618	3	r.l	r.l	PROPN
epaa-580	618	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	618	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	618	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	618	7	herman	herman	PROPN
epaa-580	618	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	618	9	j.l	j.l	PROPN
epaa-580	618	10	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	618	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	618	12	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	618	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	618	14	february	february	PROPN
epaa-580	618	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	618	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	619	1	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	619	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	619	3	led	lead	VERB
epaa-580	619	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	619	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	619	6	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-580	619	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	619	8	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	619	9	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	619	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	619	11	measuring	measure	VERB
epaa-580	619	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	619	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	619	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	619	15	progress	progress	NOUN
epaa-580	619	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	620	1	cse	cse	PROPN
epaa-580	620	2	technical	technical	PROPN
epaa-580	620	3	report	report	PROPN
epaa-580	620	4	426	426	NUM
epaa-580	620	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	621	1	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	621	2	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	621	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	621	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	621	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	621	6	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	621	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	621	8	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	621	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	621	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	621	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	621	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	621	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	621	14	cresst	cresst	NOUN
epaa-580	621	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	621	16	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	621	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	621	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	621	19	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	621	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	621	21	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	621	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	621	23	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-580	621	24	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	621	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	621	26	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	621	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	621	28	information	information	NOUN
epaa-580	621	29	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-580	621	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	621	31	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	621	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	621	33	california	california	PROPN
epaa-580	621	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	621	35	los	los	PROPN
epaa-580	621	36	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-580	621	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	622	1	madaus	madaus	PROPN
epaa-580	622	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	622	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-580	622	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-580	622	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	622	6	1985	1985	NUM
epaa-580	622	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	622	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	623	1	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	623	2	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	623	3	as	as	ADP
epaa-580	623	4	administrative	administrative	ADJ
epaa-580	623	5	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
epaa-580	623	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	623	7	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	623	8	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	623	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	624	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-580	624	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-580	624	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-580	624	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	624	5	66(9	66(9	NOUN
epaa-580	624	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	624	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	624	8	611	611	NUM
epaa-580	624	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	624	10	617	617	NUM
epaa-580	624	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	625	1	madaus	madaus	PROPN
epaa-580	625	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	625	3	g.f	g.f	PROPN
epaa-580	625	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	625	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	625	6	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	625	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	625	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	626	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	626	2	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	626	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	626	4	important	important	ADJ
epaa-580	626	5	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	626	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	626	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-580	626	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	626	9	implications	implication	NOUN
epaa-580	626	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	626	11	a	a	DET
epaa-580	626	12	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	626	13	examination	examination	NOUN
epaa-580	626	14	system	system	NOUN
epaa-580	626	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	627	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-580	627	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-580	627	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-580	627	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	627	5	73(3	73(3	NUM
epaa-580	627	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	627	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	627	8	226	226	NUM
epaa-580	627	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	627	10	231	231	NUM
epaa-580	627	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	1	madaus	madaus	PROPN
epaa-580	628	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	3	g.f	g.f	PROPN
epaa-580	628	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	628	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	6	west	west	PROPN
epaa-580	628	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	8	m.m	m.m	PROPN
epaa-580	628	9	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	628	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	11	harmon	harmon	PROPN
epaa-580	628	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	13	m.c	m.c	PROPN
epaa-580	628	14	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	628	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	16	lomax	lomax	PROPN
epaa-580	628	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	18	r.g	r.g	PROPN
epaa-580	628	19	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	628	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	628	21	viator	viator	PROPN
epaa-580	628	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	23	k.a	k.a	PROPN
epaa-580	628	24	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	628	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	26	1992	1992	NUM
epaa-580	628	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	28	october	october	PROPN
epaa-580	628	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	628	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	629	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	629	2	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-580	629	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	629	4	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	629	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	629	6	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	629	7	math	math	NOUN
epaa-580	629	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	629	9	science	science	NOUN
epaa-580	629	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	629	11	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-580	629	12	4	4	NUM
epaa-580	629	13	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	629	14	12	12	NUM
epaa-580	629	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	629	16	executive	executive	ADJ
epaa-580	629	17	summary	summary	NOUN
epaa-580	629	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	630	1	national	national	PROPN
epaa-580	630	2	science	science	PROPN
epaa-580	630	3	foundation	foundation	PROPN
epaa-580	630	4	study	study	PROPN
epaa-580	630	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	630	6	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	630	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	630	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	630	9	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	630	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	630	11	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	630	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	630	13	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	630	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	630	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	630	16	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	630	17	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	630	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	630	19	boston	boston	PROPN
epaa-580	630	20	college	college	PROPN
epaa-580	630	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	630	22	chestnut	chestnut	PROPN
epaa-580	630	23	hill	hill	PROPN
epaa-580	630	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	630	25	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
epaa-580	630	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	631	1	mayes	mayes	PROPN
epaa-580	631	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	631	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-580	631	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	631	5	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	631	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	631	7	august	august	PROPN
epaa-580	631	8	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	631	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	631	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	632	1	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	632	2	results	result	NOUN
epaa-580	632	3	make	make	VERB
epaa-580	632	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	632	5	chief	chief	NOUN
epaa-580	632	6	smile	smile	NOUN
epaa-580	632	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	633	1	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	633	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	633	3	lansing	lansing	PROPN
epaa-580	633	4	state	state	PROPN
epaa-580	633	5	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-580	633	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	633	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	633	8	pp	pp	ADV
epaa-580	633	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	634	1	1a	1a	NOUN
epaa-580	634	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	634	3	5a	5a	NUM
epaa-580	634	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	635	1	mcdonnell	mcdonnell	PROPN
epaa-580	635	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	635	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	635	4	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-580	635	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	635	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	635	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	635	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	636	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	636	2	politics	politic	NOUN
epaa-580	636	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	636	4	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	636	5	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	636	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	636	7	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-580	636	8	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	636	9	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	636	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	636	11	[	[	X
epaa-580	636	12	cse	cse	PROPN
epaa-580	636	13	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-580	636	14	report	report	PROPN
epaa-580	636	15	424	424	NUM
epaa-580	636	16	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-580	636	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	637	1	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	637	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	637	3	california	california	PROPN
epaa-580	637	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	637	5	los	los	PROPN
epaa-580	637	6	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-580	637	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	637	8	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	637	9	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	637	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	637	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	637	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	637	13	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	637	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	637	15	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	637	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	637	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	637	18	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	637	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	637	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	638	1	mcdonnell	mcdonnell	PROPN
epaa-580	638	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	638	3	l.m	l.m	PROPN
epaa-580	638	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	638	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	638	6	choisser	choisser	PROPN
epaa-580	638	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	638	8	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-580	638	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	638	10	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	638	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	638	12	september	september	PROPN
epaa-580	638	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	638	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	639	1	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	639	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	639	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	639	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	639	5	local	local	ADJ
epaa-580	639	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-580	639	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	639	8	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	639	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	639	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	639	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	640	1	cse	cse	PROPN
epaa-580	640	2	technical	technical	PROPN
epaa-580	640	3	report	report	PROPN
epaa-580	640	4	442	442	NUM
epaa-580	640	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	1	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	641	2	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	641	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	641	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	641	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	641	6	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	641	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	8	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	641	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	641	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	641	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	641	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	14	cresst	cresst	NOUN
epaa-580	641	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	16	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	641	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	641	18	the	the	DET
epaa-580	641	19	study	study	NOUN
epaa-580	641	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	641	21	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	641	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	23	cse	cse	NOUN
epaa-580	641	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	25	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-580	641	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	641	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	641	28	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	641	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	641	30	information	information	NOUN
epaa-580	641	31	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-580	641	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	33	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	641	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	641	35	california	california	PROPN
epaa-580	641	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	37	los	los	PROPN
epaa-580	641	38	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-580	641	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	40	ca	ca	PROPN
epaa-580	641	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	42	mehrens	mehrens	PROPN
epaa-580	641	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	44	w.a	w.a	PROPN
epaa-580	641	45	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	641	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	641	47	kaminski	kaminski	PROPN
epaa-580	641	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	49	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-580	641	50	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	51	1989	1989	NUM
epaa-580	641	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	641	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	642	1	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-580	642	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	642	3	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-580	642	4	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-580	642	5	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	642	6	27	27	NUM
epaa-580	642	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	642	8	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	642	9	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-580	642	10	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	642	11	fruitful	fruitful	ADJ
epaa-580	642	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	642	13	fruitless	fruitless	ADJ
epaa-580	642	14	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	642	15	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
epaa-580	642	16	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	643	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	643	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	643	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	643	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	643	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	643	6	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	643	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	643	8	8(1	8(1	NOUN
epaa-580	643	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	643	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	643	11	14	14	NUM
epaa-580	643	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	643	13	22	22	NUM
epaa-580	643	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	644	1	miller	miller	PROPN
epaa-580	644	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	644	3	m.d	m.d	PROPN
epaa-580	644	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	644	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	644	6	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	644	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	644	8	february	february	PROPN
epaa-580	644	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	644	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	645	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	645	2	uses	use	VERB
epaa-580	645	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	645	4	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-580	645	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	645	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	645	7	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-580	645	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	645	9	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-580	645	10	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	645	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	645	12	based	base	VERB
epaa-580	645	13	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	645	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	646	1	council	council	NOUN
epaa-580	646	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	646	3	chief	chief	ADJ
epaa-580	646	4	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	646	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	646	6	officers	officer	NOUN
epaa-580	646	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	647	1	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	647	2	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	647	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	647	4	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	647	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	647	6	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-580	647	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	647	8	d.c	d.c	PROPN
epaa-580	647	9	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	647	10	petrie	petrie	PROPN
epaa-580	647	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	647	12	h.g	h.g	X
epaa-580	647	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	647	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	647	15	1987	1987	NUM
epaa-580	647	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	647	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	648	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
epaa-580	648	2	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	648	3	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	648	4	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	648	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	648	6	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	648	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	648	8	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	649	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	649	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	649	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	649	4	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	649	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	649	6	175	175	NUM
epaa-580	649	7	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	649	8	180	180	NUM
epaa-580	649	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	649	10	pipho	pipho	NOUN
epaa-580	649	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	649	12	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-580	649	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	649	14	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	649	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	649	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	1	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	650	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	650	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	5	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	650	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	650	8	tangled	tangled	ADJ
epaa-580	650	9	triumvirate	triumvirate	ADJ
epaa-580	650	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	11	phi	phi	PROPN
epaa-580	650	12	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-580	650	13	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-580	650	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	15	78(9	78(9	NOUN
epaa-580	650	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	18	673	673	NUM
epaa-580	650	19	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	650	20	674	674	NUM
epaa-580	650	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	22	pomplun	pomplun	PROPN
epaa-580	650	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	24	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-580	650	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	26	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	650	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	650	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	651	1	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	651	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	651	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	651	4	instructional	instructional	ADJ
epaa-580	651	5	change	change	NOUN
epaa-580	651	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	651	7	a	a	DET
epaa-580	651	8	path	path	NOUN
epaa-580	651	9	model	model	NOUN
epaa-580	651	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	651	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	652	1	applied	apply	VERB
epaa-580	652	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	652	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	652	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	652	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	652	6	10(3	10(3	NUM
epaa-580	652	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	652	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	652	9	217234	217234	NUM
epaa-580	652	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	1	porter	porter	NOUN
epaa-580	653	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	3	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-580	653	4	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-580	653	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	6	floden	floden	PROPN
epaa-580	653	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	8	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-580	653	9	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	653	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	11	freeman	freeman	PROPN
epaa-580	653	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	13	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	653	14	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-580	653	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	16	schmidt	schmidt	PROPN
epaa-580	653	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	18	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-580	653	19	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-580	653	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	653	22	schwille	schwille	NOUN
epaa-580	653	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	24	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-580	653	25	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-580	653	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	27	1986	1986	NUM
epaa-580	653	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	653	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	654	1	content	content	NOUN
epaa-580	654	2	determinants	determinant	NOUN
epaa-580	655	1	[	[	X
epaa-580	655	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	655	3	series	series	NOUN
epaa-580	655	4	no	no	INTJ
epaa-580	655	5	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	655	6	179	179	NUM
epaa-580	655	7	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-580	655	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	656	1	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-580	656	2	state	state	PROPN
epaa-580	656	3	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	656	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	656	5	east	east	PROPN
epaa-580	656	6	lansing	lansing	PROPN
epaa-580	656	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	656	8	mi	mi	PROPN
epaa-580	656	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	656	10	institute	institute	NOUN
epaa-580	656	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	656	12	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	656	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	656	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
epaa-580	656	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	657	1	rafferty	rafferty	PROPN
epaa-580	657	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	657	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	657	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-580	657	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	657	6	1993	1993	NUM
epaa-580	657	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	657	8	april	april	PROPN
epaa-580	657	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	657	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	658	1	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-580	658	2	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-580	658	3	rate	rate	PROPN
epaa-580	658	4	maryland	maryland	PROPN
epaa-580	658	5	's	's	PART
epaa-580	658	6	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	658	7	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	658	8	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	658	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	659	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-580	659	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-580	659	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	659	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	659	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-580	659	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-580	659	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	659	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	659	9	american	american	PROPN
epaa-580	659	10	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-580	659	11	research	research	PROPN
epaa-580	659	12	association	association	PROPN
epaa-580	659	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	659	14	atlanta	atlanta	PROPN
epaa-580	659	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	659	16	ga	ga	PROPN
epaa-580	659	17	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	659	18	reckase	reckase	PROPN
epaa-580	659	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	659	20	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-580	659	21	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	659	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	659	23	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	659	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	659	25	march	march	PROPN
epaa-580	659	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	659	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	660	1	consequential	consequential	ADJ
epaa-580	660	2	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	660	3	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	660	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	660	5	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	660	6	developers	developer	NOUN
epaa-580	660	7	'	'	PART
epaa-580	660	8	perspective	perspective	NOUN
epaa-580	660	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	661	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-580	661	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-580	661	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	661	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	661	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-580	661	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-580	661	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	661	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	661	9	national	national	PROPN
epaa-580	661	10	council	council	PROPN
epaa-580	661	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	661	12	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	661	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	661	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	661	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	661	16	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-580	661	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	661	18	il	il	PROPN
epaa-580	661	19	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	661	20	roeber	roeber	PROPN
epaa-580	661	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	661	22	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	661	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	661	24	bond	bond	PROPN
epaa-580	661	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	661	26	l.a	l.a	PROPN
epaa-580	661	27	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	661	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	661	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	661	30	braskamp	braskamp	PROPN
epaa-580	661	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	661	32	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	661	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	661	34	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	661	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	661	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	662	1	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-580	662	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	662	3	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-580	662	4	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	662	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	662	6	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-580	662	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	662	8	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	662	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	663	1	north	north	NOUN
epaa-580	663	2	central	central	ADJ
epaa-580	663	3	regional	regional	ADJ
epaa-580	663	4	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	663	5	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
epaa-580	663	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	663	7	the	the	DET
epaa-580	663	8	council	council	NOUN
epaa-580	663	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	663	10	chief	chief	ADJ
epaa-580	663	11	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	663	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	663	13	officers	officer	NOUN
epaa-580	663	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	664	1	rose	rise	VERB
epaa-580	664	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	664	3	l.c	l.c	PROPN
epaa-580	664	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	664	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	664	6	gallup	gallup	PROPN
epaa-580	664	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	664	8	a.m.	a.m.	PROPN
epaa-580	664	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	664	10	elam	elam	PROPN
epaa-580	664	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	664	12	s.m	s.m	PROPN
epaa-580	664	13	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	664	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	664	15	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	664	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	664	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	665	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	665	2	29th	29th	ADJ
epaa-580	665	3	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-580	665	4	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-580	665	5	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-580	665	6	kappa	kappa	PROPN
epaa-580	665	7	/	/	SYM
epaa-580	665	8	gallup	gallup	PROPN
epaa-580	665	9	poll	poll	NOUN
epaa-580	665	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	665	11	the	the	DET
epaa-580	665	12	public	public	NOUN
epaa-580	665	13	's	's	PART
epaa-580	665	14	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
epaa-580	665	15	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-580	665	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	665	17	public	public	ADJ
epaa-580	665	18	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	665	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	666	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-580	666	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-580	666	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-580	666	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	666	5	79(1	79(1	NOUN
epaa-580	666	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	666	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	666	8	41	41	NUM
epaa-580	666	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	666	10	58	58	NUM
epaa-580	666	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	667	1	ryan	ryan	PROPN
epaa-580	667	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	667	3	j.m	j.m	PROPN
epaa-580	667	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	667	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	667	6	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	667	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	667	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	668	1	personal	personal	ADJ
epaa-580	668	2	communication	communication	NOUN
epaa-580	668	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	669	1	seidman	seidman	PROPN
epaa-580	669	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	669	3	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-580	669	4	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-580	669	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	669	6	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	669	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	669	8	july	july	PROPN
epaa-580	669	9	24	24	NUM
epaa-580	669	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	669	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	670	1	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	670	2	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	670	3	'	'	PART
epaa-580	670	4	goals	goal	NOUN
epaa-580	670	5	2000	2000	NUM
epaa-580	670	6	'	'	NUM
epaa-580	670	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	670	8	some	some	DET
epaa-580	670	9	disastrous	disastrous	ADJ
epaa-580	670	10	unintended	unintended	ADJ
epaa-580	670	11	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	670	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	671	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	671	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	671	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	671	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-580	671	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	671	6	4	4	NUM
epaa-580	671	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	671	8	no	no	INTJ
epaa-580	671	9	.	.	NOUN
epaa-580	671	10	11	11	NUM
epaa-580	671	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	671	12	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-580	671	13	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	671	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	671	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	672	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	672	2	available	available	ADJ
epaa-580	672	3	online	online	ADV
epaa-580	672	4	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	672	5	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v4n11/	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v4n11/	NOUN
epaa-580	672	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	672	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	673	1	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-580	673	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	674	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	674	2	1994	1994	NUM
epaa-580	674	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	674	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	675	1	a	a	DET
epaa-580	675	2	new	new	ADJ
epaa-580	675	3	framework	framework	NOUN
epaa-580	675	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	675	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	675	6	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-580	675	7	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-580	675	8	[	[	X
epaa-580	675	9	special	special	ADJ
epaa-580	675	10	report	report	NOUN
epaa-580	675	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	675	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	675	13	southeastern	southeastern	ADJ
epaa-580	675	14	regional	regional	ADJ
epaa-580	675	15	vision	vision	NOUN
epaa-580	675	16	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	675	17	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	675	18	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-580	675	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	676	1	shepard	shepard	NOUN
epaa-580	676	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	676	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	676	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-580	676	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	676	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	676	7	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	676	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	676	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	677	1	will	will	AUX
epaa-580	677	2	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	677	3	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-580	677	4	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-580	677	5	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	677	6	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	677	7	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	678	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-580	678	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-580	678	3	kappan	kappan	NOUN
epaa-580	678	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	678	5	72	72	NUM
epaa-580	678	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	678	7	232	232	NUM
epaa-580	678	8	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	678	9	238	238	NUM
epaa-580	678	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	1	shepard	shepard	NOUN
epaa-580	679	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	3	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	679	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-580	679	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	6	flexer	flexer	PROPN
epaa-580	679	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	8	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-580	679	9	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-580	679	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	11	hiebert	hiebert	PROPN
epaa-580	679	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	13	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	679	14	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-580	679	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	16	marion	marion	PROPN
epaa-580	679	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	18	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-580	679	19	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-580	679	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	21	mayfield	mayfield	PROPN
epaa-580	679	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	23	v.	v.	PROPN
epaa-580	679	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	679	26	weston	weston	PROPN
epaa-580	679	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	28	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-580	679	29	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-580	679	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	31	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	679	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	33	fall	fall	NOUN
epaa-580	679	34	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	679	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	680	1	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-580	680	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	680	3	introducing	introduce	VERB
epaa-580	680	4	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	680	5	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	680	6	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	680	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	680	8	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	680	9	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-580	680	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	681	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	681	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	681	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	681	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	681	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	681	6	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	681	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	681	8	pp	pp	ADV
epaa-580	681	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	1	7	7	NUM
epaa-580	682	2	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	682	3	18	18	NUM
epaa-580	682	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	5	28	28	NUM
epaa-580	682	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	682	7	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	682	8	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	682	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	10	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-580	682	11	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	682	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	13	noble	noble	ADJ
epaa-580	682	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	15	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-580	682	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	17	heinecke	heinecke	PROPN
epaa-580	682	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	19	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-580	682	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	21	seck	seck	PROPN
epaa-580	682	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	23	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-580	682	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	25	parish	parish	PROPN
epaa-580	682	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	27	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-580	682	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	29	cabay	cabay	NOUN
epaa-580	682	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	31	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-580	682	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	33	junker	junker	PROPN
epaa-580	682	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	35	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-580	682	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	37	haag	haag	PROPN
epaa-580	682	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	39	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-580	682	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	41	tayler	tayler	PROPN
epaa-580	682	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	43	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-580	682	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	45	safran	safran	NOUN
epaa-580	682	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	47	y.	y.	PROPN
epaa-580	682	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	49	penley	penley	NOUN
epaa-580	682	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	51	y.	y.	NOUN
epaa-580	682	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	53	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	682	54	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
epaa-580	682	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	56	a.	a.	NOUN
epaa-580	682	57	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	58	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	682	59	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	682	60	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	683	1	reforming	reform	VERB
epaa-580	683	2	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	683	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	683	4	reforming	reform	VERB
epaa-580	683	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	683	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	683	7	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	683	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	683	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	683	10	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-580	683	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	683	12	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	683	13	program	program	PROPN
epaa-580	683	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	683	15	asap	asap	PROPN
epaa-580	683	16	):	):	PUNCT
epaa-580	683	17	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-580	683	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	683	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	683	20	capacity	capacity	NOUN
epaa-580	683	21	building	build	VERB
epaa-580	683	22	[	[	X
epaa-580	683	23	cse	cse	PROPN
epaa-580	683	24	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-580	683	25	report	report	PROPN
epaa-580	683	26	425	425	NUM
epaa-580	683	27	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-580	683	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	684	1	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	684	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	684	3	california	california	PROPN
epaa-580	684	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	684	5	los	los	PROPN
epaa-580	684	6	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-580	684	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	684	8	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	684	9	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	684	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	684	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	684	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	684	13	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	684	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	684	15	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	684	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	684	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	684	18	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	684	19	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	684	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	685	1	smith	smith	PROPN
epaa-580	685	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	685	3	m.l	m.l	PROPN
epaa-580	685	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	685	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	685	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	685	7	rottenberg	rottenberg	PROPN
epaa-580	685	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	685	9	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-580	685	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	685	11	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	685	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	685	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	686	1	unintended	unintended	ADJ
epaa-580	686	2	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-580	686	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	686	4	external	external	ADJ
epaa-580	686	5	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	686	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	686	7	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-580	686	8	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-580	686	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	687	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	687	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	687	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	687	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	687	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	687	6	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	687	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	687	8	10(4	10(4	NUM
epaa-580	687	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	687	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	687	11	7	7	NUM
epaa-580	687	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	687	13	11	11	NUM
epaa-580	687	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	688	1	stecher	stecher	PROPN
epaa-580	688	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	688	3	b.m	b.m	PROPN
epaa-580	688	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	688	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	688	6	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-580	688	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	688	8	k.j	k.j	PROPN
epaa-580	688	9	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	688	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	688	11	1995	1995	NUM
epaa-580	688	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	688	13	april	april	PROPN
epaa-580	688	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	688	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	689	1	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
epaa-580	689	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	689	3	driven	drive	VERB
epaa-580	689	4	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-580	689	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	689	6	vermont	vermont	PROPN
epaa-580	689	7	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-580	689	8	'	'	PART
epaa-580	689	9	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-580	689	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	689	11	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
epaa-580	689	12	problem	problem	NOUN
epaa-580	689	13	solving	solve	VERB
epaa-580	689	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	689	15	related	related	ADJ
epaa-580	689	16	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-580	689	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	689	18	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-580	689	19	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	689	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	690	1	cse	cse	PROPN
epaa-580	690	2	technical	technical	PROPN
epaa-580	690	3	report	report	PROPN
epaa-580	690	4	400	400	NUM
epaa-580	690	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	691	1	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	691	2	center	center	NOUN
epaa-580	691	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	691	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-580	691	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	691	6	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	691	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	691	8	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-580	691	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	691	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	691	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-580	691	12	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	691	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	691	14	cresst	cresst	NOUN
epaa-580	691	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	691	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	692	1	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-580	692	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-580	692	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	692	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	692	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	692	6	information	information	NOUN
epaa-580	692	7	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-580	692	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	692	9	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	692	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	692	11	california	california	PROPN
epaa-580	692	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	692	13	los	los	PROPN
epaa-580	692	14	angeles	angeles	PROPN
epaa-580	692	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	693	1	stecklow	stecklow	PROPN
epaa-580	693	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	693	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-580	693	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	693	5	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	693	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	693	7	september	september	PROPN
epaa-580	693	8	2	2	NUM
epaa-580	693	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	693	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	694	1	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
epaa-580	694	2	's	's	PART
epaa-580	694	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	694	4	get	get	VERB
epaa-580	694	5	bonuses	bonus	NOUN
epaa-580	694	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	694	7	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-580	694	8	some	some	PRON
epaa-580	694	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	694	10	caught	catch	VERB
epaa-580	694	11	cheating	cheat	VERB
epaa-580	694	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	695	1	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	695	2	the	the	DET
epaa-580	695	3	wall	wall	PROPN
epaa-580	695	4	street	street	PROPN
epaa-580	695	5	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-580	695	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	695	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	695	8	pp	pp	ADV
epaa-580	695	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	696	1	a1	a1	NOUN
epaa-580	696	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	696	3	a5	a5	PROPN
epaa-580	696	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	697	1	stedman	stedman	PROPN
epaa-580	697	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	697	3	l.c	l.c	PROPN
epaa-580	697	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	697	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	697	6	1996	1996	NUM
epaa-580	697	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	697	8	january	january	PROPN
epaa-580	697	9	23	23	NUM
epaa-580	697	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	697	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	698	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	698	2	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-580	698	3	crisis	crisis	NOUN
epaa-580	698	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	698	5	real	real	ADJ
epaa-580	698	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	698	7	a	a	DET
epaa-580	698	8	review	review	NOUN
epaa-580	698	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	698	10	the	the	DET
epaa-580	698	11	manufactured	manufacture	VERB
epaa-580	698	12	crisis	crisis	NOUN
epaa-580	698	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	699	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	699	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	699	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	699	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-580	699	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	699	6	4	4	NUM
epaa-580	699	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	699	8	no	no	INTJ
epaa-580	699	9	.	.	NOUN
epaa-580	699	10	1	1	NUM
epaa-580	699	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	699	12	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-580	699	13	issue	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	699	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	699	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	700	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	700	2	available	available	ADJ
epaa-580	700	3	online	online	ADV
epaa-580	700	4	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	700	5	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v4n1.html	http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v4n1.html	NOUN
epaa-580	700	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	700	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	701	1	taleporos	taleporos	PROPN
epaa-580	701	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	701	3	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	701	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	701	5	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	701	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	701	7	march	march	PROPN
epaa-580	701	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	701	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	702	1	consequential	consequential	ADJ
epaa-580	702	2	validity	validity	NOUN
epaa-580	702	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	703	1	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-580	703	2	presented	present	VERB
epaa-580	703	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	703	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	703	5	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-580	703	6	meeting	meeting	NOUN
epaa-580	703	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	703	8	the	the	DET
epaa-580	703	9	american	american	PROPN
epaa-580	703	10	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-580	703	11	research	research	PROPN
epaa-580	703	12	association	association	PROPN
epaa-580	703	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	703	14	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-580	703	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	703	16	il	il	PROPN
epaa-580	703	17	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	703	18	womer	womer	PROPN
epaa-580	703	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	703	20	f.b	f.b	PROPN
epaa-580	703	21	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	703	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	703	23	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-580	703	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	703	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	704	1	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-580	704	2	's	be	AUX
epaa-580	704	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	704	4	action	action	NOUN
epaa-580	704	5	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	705	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	705	2	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	705	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	705	4	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	705	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	705	6	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-580	705	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	705	8	3(3	3(3	NUM
epaa-580	705	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	705	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	705	11	3	3	X
epaa-580	705	12	.	.	X
epaa-580	705	13	notes	note	VERB
epaa-580	705	14	this	this	DET
epaa-580	705	15	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-580	705	16	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	705	17	a	a	DET
epaa-580	705	18	slight	slight	ADJ
epaa-580	705	19	revision	revision	NOUN
epaa-580	705	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	705	21	the	the	DET
epaa-580	705	22	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	705	23	vice	vice	NOUN
epaa-580	705	24	presidential	presidential	ADJ
epaa-580	705	25	address	address	NOUN
epaa-580	705	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	705	27	division	division	NOUN
epaa-580	705	28	d	d	PROPN
epaa-580	705	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	705	30	american	american	PROPN
epaa-580	705	31	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-580	705	32	research	research	PROPN
epaa-580	705	33	association	association	PROPN
epaa-580	705	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	705	35	presented	present	VERB
epaa-580	705	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	705	37	san	san	PROPN
epaa-580	705	38	diego	diego	PROPN
epaa-580	705	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	706	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	706	2	would	would	AUX
epaa-580	706	3	like	like	VERB
epaa-580	706	4	to	to	PART
epaa-580	706	5	thank	thank	VERB
epaa-580	706	6	bob	bob	PROPN
epaa-580	706	7	floden	floden	PROPN
epaa-580	706	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	706	9	joe	joe	PROPN
epaa-580	706	10	ryan	ryan	PROPN
epaa-580	706	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	706	12	helpful	helpful	ADJ
epaa-580	706	13	comments	comment	NOUN
epaa-580	706	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	706	15	a	a	DET
epaa-580	706	16	previous	previous	ADJ
epaa-580	706	17	draft	draft	NOUN
epaa-580	706	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	706	19	this	this	DET
epaa-580	706	20	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-580	706	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	707	1	opinions	opinion	NOUN
epaa-580	707	2	expressed	express	VERB
epaa-580	707	3	are	be	AUX
epaa-580	707	4	those	those	PRON
epaa-580	707	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	707	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	707	7	author	author	NOUN
epaa-580	707	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	707	9	not	not	PART
epaa-580	707	10	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-580	707	11	those	those	PRON
epaa-580	707	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	707	13	the	the	DET
epaa-580	707	14	two	two	NUM
epaa-580	707	15	reviewers	reviewer	NOUN
epaa-580	707	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	708	1	1	1	X
epaa-580	708	2	.	.	X
epaa-580	708	3	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-580	708	4	jones	jones	PROPN
epaa-580	708	5	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	708	6	wondered	wonder	VERB
epaa-580	708	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	708	8	can	can	AUX
epaa-580	708	9	he	he	PRON
epaa-580	708	10	really	really	ADV
epaa-580	708	11	mean	mean	VERB
epaa-580	708	12	that	that	PRON
epaa-580	708	13	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-580	708	14	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-580	708	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	708	16	jones	jones	PROPN
epaa-580	708	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	708	18	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	708	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	708	20	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-580	708	21	3).2	3).2	NUM
epaa-580	708	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	709	1	space	space	NOUN
epaa-580	709	2	does	do	AUX
epaa-580	709	3	not	not	PART
epaa-580	709	4	permit	permit	VERB
epaa-580	709	5	me	i	PRON
epaa-580	709	6	to	to	PART
epaa-580	709	7	do	do	VERB
epaa-580	709	8	justice	justice	NOUN
epaa-580	709	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	709	10	this	this	DET
epaa-580	709	11	very	very	ADV
epaa-580	709	12	thorough	thorough	ADJ
epaa-580	709	13	report	report	NOUN
epaa-580	709	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	710	1	i	i	PRON
epaa-580	710	2	urge	urge	VERB
epaa-580	710	3	readers	reader	NOUN
epaa-580	710	4	to	to	PART
epaa-580	710	5	obtain	obtain	VERB
epaa-580	710	6	the	the	DET
epaa-580	710	7	report	report	NOUN
epaa-580	710	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	710	9	study	study	VERB
epaa-580	710	10	it	it	PRON
epaa-580	710	11	carefully	carefully	ADV
epaa-580	710	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	711	1	most	most	ADJ
epaa-580	711	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	711	3	these	these	DET
epaa-580	711	4	state	state	NOUN
epaa-580	711	5	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	711	6	equate	equate	VERB
epaa-580	711	7	through	through	ADP
epaa-580	711	8	anchor	anchor	NOUN
epaa-580	711	9	items	item	NOUN
epaa-580	711	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	711	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	711	12	these	these	DET
epaa-580	711	13	items	item	NOUN
epaa-580	711	14	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	711	15	not	not	PART
epaa-580	711	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	711	17	totally	totally	ADV
epaa-580	711	18	secure	secure	ADJ
epaa-580	711	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	712	1	3	3	X
epaa-580	712	2	.	.	X
epaa-580	712	3	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	712	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	712	5	author	author	NOUN
epaa-580	712	6	william	william	PROPN
epaa-580	712	7	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-580	712	8	mehrens	mehrens	PROPN
epaa-580	712	9	professor	professor	PROPN
epaa-580	712	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	712	11	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	712	12	462	462	NUM
epaa-580	712	13	erickson	erickson	PROPN
epaa-580	712	14	hall	hall	PROPN
epaa-580	712	15	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-580	712	16	state	state	PROPN
epaa-580	712	17	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	712	18	east	east	PROPN
epaa-580	712	19	lansing	lansing	PROPN
epaa-580	712	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	712	21	mi	mi	PROPN
epaa-580	712	22	48824	48824	NUM
epaa-580	712	23	29	29	NUM
epaa-580	712	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	712	25	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	712	26	517	517	NUM
epaa-580	712	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	712	28	355	355	NUM
epaa-580	712	29	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	712	30	9567	9567	NUM
epaa-580	712	31	fax	fax	NOUN
epaa-580	712	32	517	517	NUM
epaa-580	712	33	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	712	34	353	353	NUM
epaa-580	712	35	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	712	36	6393	6393	NUM
epaa-580	712	37	wmehrens@pilot.msu.edu	wmehrens@pilot.msu.edu	PROPN
epaa-580	712	38	william	william	PROPN
epaa-580	712	39	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-580	712	40	mehrens	mehrens	PROPN
epaa-580	712	41	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	712	42	a	a	DET
epaa-580	712	43	professor	professor	NOUN
epaa-580	712	44	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	712	45	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	712	46	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	712	47	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-580	712	48	state	state	PROPN
epaa-580	712	49	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	712	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	713	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-580	713	2	received	receive	VERB
epaa-580	713	3	his	his	PRON
epaa-580	713	4	ph.d	ph.d	NOUN
epaa-580	713	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	714	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	714	2	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	714	3	psychology	psychology	NOUN
epaa-580	714	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-580	714	5	the	the	DET
epaa-580	714	6	university	university	NOUN
epaa-580	714	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	714	8	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
epaa-580	714	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	714	10	1965	1965	NUM
epaa-580	714	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	715	1	his	his	PRON
epaa-580	715	2	interests	interest	NOUN
epaa-580	715	3	include	include	VERB
epaa-580	715	4	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	715	5	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	715	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	715	7	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	715	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	715	9	legal	legal	ADJ
epaa-580	715	10	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-580	715	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	715	12	high	high	ADJ
epaa-580	715	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	715	14	stakes	stake	NOUN
epaa-580	715	15	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-580	715	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	715	17	teaching	teach	VERB
epaa-580	715	18	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	715	19	the	the	DET
epaa-580	715	20	test	test	NOUN
epaa-580	715	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	715	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	715	23	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-580	715	24	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	715	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	716	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-580	716	2	has	have	AUX
epaa-580	716	3	been	be	AUX
epaa-580	716	4	elected	elect	VERB
epaa-580	716	5	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	716	6	office	office	NOUN
epaa-580	716	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	716	8	several	several	ADJ
epaa-580	716	9	professional	professional	ADJ
epaa-580	716	10	organizations	organization	NOUN
epaa-580	716	11	including	include	VERB
epaa-580	716	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	716	13	presidency	presidency	NOUN
epaa-580	716	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	716	15	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-580	716	16	the	the	DET
epaa-580	716	17	national	national	PROPN
epaa-580	716	18	council	council	PROPN
epaa-580	716	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	716	20	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	716	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	716	22	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	716	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	716	24	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-580	716	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	716	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	716	27	the	the	DET
epaa-580	716	28	association	association	NOUN
epaa-580	716	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	716	30	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	716	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	716	32	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-580	716	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	716	34	guidance	guidance	NOUN
epaa-580	716	35	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	716	36	currently	currently	ADV
epaa-580	716	37	called	call	VERB
epaa-580	716	38	the	the	DET
epaa-580	716	39	association	association	NOUN
epaa-580	716	40	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	716	41	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-580	716	42	in	in	ADP
epaa-580	716	43	counseling	counseling	NOUN
epaa-580	716	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	716	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	717	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-580	717	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	717	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	717	4	immediate	immediate	ADJ
epaa-580	717	5	past	past	ADJ
epaa-580	717	6	vice	vice	NOUN
epaa-580	717	7	president	president	NOUN
epaa-580	717	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	717	9	division	division	NOUN
epaa-580	717	10	d	d	PROPN
epaa-580	717	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	717	12	the	the	DET
epaa-580	717	13	american	american	ADJ
epaa-580	717	14	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-580	717	15	research	research	PROPN
epaa-580	717	16	association	association	PROPN
epaa-580	717	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	717	18	aera	aera	PROPN
epaa-580	717	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	717	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	718	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-580	718	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	718	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	718	4	author	author	NOUN
epaa-580	718	5	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	718	6	co	co	NOUN
epaa-580	718	7	-	-	NOUN
epaa-580	718	8	author	author	NOUN
epaa-580	718	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	718	10	several	several	ADJ
epaa-580	718	11	major	major	ADJ
epaa-580	718	12	textbooks	textbook	NOUN
epaa-580	718	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	718	14	many	many	ADJ
epaa-580	718	15	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-580	718	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	1	honors	honor	NOUN
epaa-580	719	2	include	include	VERB
epaa-580	719	3	the	the	DET
epaa-580	719	4	ncme	ncme	PROPN
epaa-580	719	5	award	award	NOUN
epaa-580	719	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	719	7	career	career	NOUN
epaa-580	719	8	contributions	contribution	NOUN
epaa-580	719	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	719	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	719	11	measurement	measurement	NOUN
epaa-580	719	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	13	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	719	14	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	15	a	a	DET
epaa-580	719	16	university	university	NOUN
epaa-580	719	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	719	18	nebraska	nebraska	PROPN
epaa-580	719	19	-	-	PROPN
epaa-580	719	20	lincoln	lincoln	PROPN
epaa-580	719	21	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-580	719	22	college	college	PROPN
epaa-580	719	23	alumni	alumnus	NOUN
epaa-580	719	24	association	association	PROPN
epaa-580	719	25	award	award	PROPN
epaa-580	719	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	719	27	excellence	excellence	PROPN
epaa-580	719	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	29	1997	1997	NUM
epaa-580	719	30	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	31	an	an	DET
epaa-580	719	32	aacd	aacd	NOUN
epaa-580	719	33	professional	professional	PROPN
epaa-580	719	34	development	development	PROPN
epaa-580	719	35	award	award	PROPN
epaa-580	719	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	37	1991	1991	NUM
epaa-580	719	38	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	39	msu	msu	NOUN
epaa-580	719	40	distinguished	distinguished	ADJ
epaa-580	719	41	faculty	faculty	NOUN
epaa-580	719	42	award	award	NOUN
epaa-580	719	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	44	1983	1983	NUM
epaa-580	719	45	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	46	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-580	719	47	division	division	NOUN
epaa-580	719	48	15	15	NUM
epaa-580	719	49	fellow	fellow	NOUN
epaa-580	719	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	51	1984	1984	NUM
epaa-580	719	52	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	53	apa	apa	PROPN
epaa-580	719	54	division	division	NOUN
epaa-580	719	55	5	5	NUM
epaa-580	719	56	fellow	fellow	NOUN
epaa-580	719	57	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	58	1978	1978	NUM
epaa-580	719	59	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	60	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-580	719	61	pi	pi	PROPN
epaa-580	719	62	mu	mu	PROPN
epaa-580	719	63	epsilon	epsilon	PROPN
epaa-580	719	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	65	national	national	ADJ
epaa-580	719	66	honorary	honorary	ADJ
epaa-580	719	67	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-580	719	68	fraternity	fraternity	NOUN
epaa-580	719	69	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	719	70	1958	1958	NUM
epaa-580	719	71	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	720	1	copyright	copyright	NOUN
epaa-580	720	2	1998	1998	NUM
epaa-580	720	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-580	720	4	the	the	DET
epaa-580	720	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	720	6	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	720	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	720	8	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-580	720	9	the	the	DET
epaa-580	720	10	world	world	NOUN
epaa-580	720	11	wide	wide	ADJ
epaa-580	720	12	web	web	NOUN
epaa-580	720	13	address	address	NOUN
epaa-580	720	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	720	15	the	the	DET
epaa-580	720	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	720	17	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-580	720	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-580	720	19	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-580	720	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	720	21	http://olam.ed.asu.edu/epaa	http://olam.ed.asu.edu/epaa	PRON
epaa-580	720	22	general	general	ADJ
epaa-580	720	23	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-580	720	24	about	about	ADP
epaa-580	720	25	appropriateness	appropriateness	NOUN
epaa-580	720	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	720	27	topics	topic	NOUN
epaa-580	720	28	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	720	29	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-580	720	30	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-580	720	31	may	may	AUX
epaa-580	720	32	be	be	AUX
epaa-580	720	33	addressed	address	VERB
epaa-580	720	34	to	to	ADP
epaa-580	720	35	the	the	DET
epaa-580	720	36	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-580	720	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	720	38	gene	gene	NOUN
epaa-580	720	39	v	v	NOUN
epaa-580	720	40	glass	glass	NOUN
epaa-580	720	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	720	42	glass@asu.edu	glass@asu.edu	NOUN
epaa-580	720	43	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-580	720	44	reach	reach	VERB
epaa-580	720	45	him	he	PRON
epaa-580	720	46	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	720	47	college	college	NOUN
epaa-580	720	48	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	720	49	education	education	NOUN
epaa-580	720	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	720	51	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-580	720	52	state	state	PROPN
epaa-580	720	53	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	720	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	720	55	tempe	tempe	PROPN
epaa-580	720	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	720	57	az	az	PROPN
epaa-580	720	58	85287	85287	NUM
epaa-580	720	59	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	720	60	2411	2411	NUM
epaa-580	720	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	721	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-580	721	2	602	602	NUM
epaa-580	721	3	-	-	SYM
epaa-580	721	4	965	965	NUM
epaa-580	721	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	721	6	2692	2692	NUM
epaa-580	721	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-580	721	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	722	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	722	2	book	book	NOUN
epaa-580	722	3	review	review	NOUN
epaa-580	722	4	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-580	722	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	722	6	walter	walter	PROPN
epaa-580	722	7	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	722	8	shepherd	shepherd	PROPN
epaa-580	722	9	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	722	10	shepherd@asu.edu	shepherd@asu.edu	VERB
epaa-580	722	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	723	1	the	the	DET
epaa-580	723	2	commentary	commentary	NOUN
epaa-580	723	3	editor	editor	NOUN
epaa-580	723	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-580	723	5	casey	casey	PROPN
epaa-580	723	6	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	723	7	cobb	cobb	PROPN
epaa-580	723	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-580	723	9	casey@olam.ed.asu.edu	casey@olam.ed.asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-580	723	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-580	724	1	epaa	epaa	PROPN
epaa-580	724	2	editorial	editorial	PROPN
epaa-580	724	3	board	board	PROPN
epaa-580	724	4	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-580	724	5	w.	w.	PROPN
epaa-580	724	6	apple	apple	PROPN
epaa-580	724	7	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	724	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	724	9	wisconsin	wisconsin	PROPN
epaa-580	724	10	greg	greg	PROPN
epaa-580	724	11	camilli	camilli	PROPN
epaa-580	724	12	rutgers	rutgers	PROPN
epaa-580	724	13	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	724	14	john	john	PROPN
epaa-580	724	15	covaleskie	covaleskie	PROPN
epaa-580	724	16	northern	northern	PROPN
epaa-580	724	17	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-580	724	18	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	724	19	andrew	andrew	PROPN
epaa-580	724	20	coulson	coulson	PROPN
epaa-580	724	21	a_coulson@msn.com	a_coulson@msn.com	PROPN
epaa-580	724	22	alan	alan	PROPN
epaa-580	724	23	davis	davis	PROPN
epaa-580	724	24	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	724	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	724	26	colorado	colorado	PROPN
epaa-580	724	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-580	724	28	denver	denver	PROPN
epaa-580	724	29	sherman	sherman	PROPN
epaa-580	724	30	dorn	dorn	PROPN
epaa-580	724	31	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	724	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	724	33	south	south	PROPN
epaa-580	724	34	florida	florida	PROPN
epaa-580	724	35	mark	mark	PROPN
epaa-580	724	36	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	724	37	fetler	fetler	PROPN
epaa-580	724	38	california	california	PROPN
epaa-580	724	39	commission	commission	PROPN
epaa-580	724	40	on	on	ADP
epaa-580	724	41	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-580	724	42	credentialing	credentiale	VERB
epaa-580	724	43	richard	richard	PROPN
epaa-580	724	44	garlikov	garlikov	PROPN
epaa-580	725	1	hmwkhelp@scott.net	hmwkhelp@scott.net	PROPN
epaa-580	725	2	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-580	725	3	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-580	725	4	green	green	PROPN
epaa-580	725	5	syracuse	syracuse	PROPN
epaa-580	725	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	7	alison	alison	PROPN
epaa-580	725	8	i.	i.	PROPN
epaa-580	725	9	griffith	griffith	PROPN
epaa-580	725	10	york	york	PROPN
epaa-580	725	11	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	12	arlen	arlen	PROPN
epaa-580	725	13	gullickson	gullickson	PROPN
epaa-580	725	14	western	western	PROPN
epaa-580	725	15	michigan	michigan	PROPN
epaa-580	725	16	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	17	ernest	ernest	PROPN
epaa-580	725	18	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-580	725	19	house	house	PROPN
epaa-580	725	20	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	725	22	colorado	colorado	PROPN
epaa-580	725	23	aimee	aimee	PROPN
epaa-580	725	24	howley	howley	PROPN
epaa-580	725	25	marshall	marshall	PROPN
epaa-580	725	26	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	27	craig	craig	PROPN
epaa-580	725	28	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-580	725	29	howley	howley	PROPN
epaa-580	725	30	appalachia	appalachia	PROPN
epaa-580	725	31	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-580	725	32	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
epaa-580	725	33	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	725	34	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	725	35	30	30	NUM
epaa-580	725	36	william	william	PROPN
epaa-580	725	37	hunter	hunter	PROPN
epaa-580	725	38	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	725	40	calgary	calgary	PROPN
epaa-580	725	41	richard	richard	PROPN
epaa-580	725	42	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-580	725	43	jaeger	jaeger	PROPN
epaa-580	725	44	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	725	46	north	north	PROPN
epaa-580	725	47	carolina	carolina	PROPN
epaa-580	725	48	--	--	PUNCT
epaa-580	725	49	greensboro	greensboro	PROPN
epaa-580	725	50	daniel	daniel	PROPN
epaa-580	725	51	kallós	kallós	PROPN
epaa-580	725	52	umeå	umeå	PROPN
epaa-580	725	53	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	54	benjamin	benjamin	PROPN
epaa-580	725	55	levin	levin	PROPN
epaa-580	725	56	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	57	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	725	58	manitoba	manitoba	PROPN
epaa-580	725	59	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-580	725	60	mauhs	mauhs	PROPN
epaa-580	725	61	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-580	725	62	pugh	pugh	PROPN
epaa-580	725	63	rocky	rocky	PROPN
epaa-580	725	64	mountain	mountain	PROPN
epaa-580	725	65	college	college	PROPN
epaa-580	725	66	dewayne	dewayne	PROPN
epaa-580	725	67	matthews	matthews	PROPN
epaa-580	725	68	western	western	PROPN
epaa-580	725	69	interstate	interstate	PROPN
epaa-580	725	70	commission	commission	NOUN
epaa-580	725	71	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	725	72	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-580	725	73	education	education	PROPN
epaa-580	725	74	william	william	PROPN
epaa-580	725	75	mcinerney	mcinerney	PROPN
epaa-580	725	76	purdue	purdue	PROPN
epaa-580	725	77	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	78	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-580	725	79	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-580	725	80	mckeown	mckeown	PROPN
epaa-580	725	81	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-580	725	82	board	board	PROPN
epaa-580	725	83	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	725	84	regents	regents	PROPN
epaa-580	725	85	les	les	PROPN
epaa-580	725	86	mclean	mclean	PROPN
epaa-580	725	87	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	88	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	725	89	toronto	toronto	PROPN
epaa-580	725	90	susan	susan	PROPN
epaa-580	725	91	bobbitt	bobbitt	PROPN
epaa-580	725	92	nolen	nolen	PROPN
epaa-580	725	93	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	725	94	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	725	95	washington	washington	PROPN
epaa-580	725	96	anne	anne	PROPN
epaa-580	725	97	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-580	725	98	pemberton	pemberton	PROPN
epaa-580	726	1	apembert@pen.k12.va.us	apembert@pen.k12.va.us	PROPN
epaa-580	726	2	hugh	hugh	PROPN
epaa-580	726	3	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-580	726	4	petrie	petrie	PROPN
epaa-580	726	5	suny	suny	PROPN
epaa-580	726	6	buffalo	buffalo	PROPN
epaa-580	726	7	richard	richard	PROPN
epaa-580	726	8	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-580	726	9	richardson	richardson	PROPN
epaa-580	726	10	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-580	726	11	state	state	PROPN
epaa-580	726	12	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	726	13	anthony	anthony	PROPN
epaa-580	726	14	g.	g.	PROPN
epaa-580	726	15	rud	rud	PROPN
epaa-580	726	16	jr	jr	PROPN
epaa-580	726	17	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	726	18	purdue	purdue	PROPN
epaa-580	726	19	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	726	20	dennis	dennis	PROPN
epaa-580	726	21	sayers	sayers	PROPN
epaa-580	726	22	ann	ann	PROPN
epaa-580	726	23	leavenworth	leavenworth	PROPN
epaa-580	726	24	center	center	PROPN
epaa-580	726	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-580	726	26	accelerated	accelerated	ADJ
epaa-580	726	27	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-580	726	28	jay	jay	PROPN
epaa-580	726	29	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-580	726	30	scribner	scribner	PROPN
epaa-580	726	31	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	726	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	726	33	texas	texas	PROPN
epaa-580	726	34	at	at	ADP
epaa-580	726	35	austin	austin	PROPN
epaa-580	726	36	michael	michael	PROPN
epaa-580	726	37	scriven	scriven	PROPN
epaa-580	726	38	scriven@aol.com	scriven@aol.com	PROPN
epaa-580	727	1	robert	robert	PROPN
epaa-580	727	2	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-580	727	3	stake	stake	PROPN
epaa-580	727	4	university	university	PROPN
epaa-580	727	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	727	6	illinois	illinois	PROPN
epaa-580	727	7	--	--	PUNCT
epaa-580	727	8	uc	uc	PROPN
epaa-580	727	9	robert	robert	PROPN
epaa-580	727	10	stonehill	stonehill	PROPN
epaa-580	727	11	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-580	727	12	.	.	PROPN
epaa-580	727	13	department	department	PROPN
epaa-580	727	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-580	727	15	education	education	PROPN
epaa-580	727	16	robert	robert	PROPN
epaa-580	727	17	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-580	727	18	stout	stout	PROPN
epaa-580	727	19	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-580	727	20	state	state	PROPN
epaa-580	727	21	university	university	PROPN