id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
epaa-8496	1	1	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	1	2	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	1	3	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	1	4	enhance	enhance	VERB
epaa-8496	1	5	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	1	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	1	7	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	1	8	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	1	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	1	10	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	1	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	1	12	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	1	13	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	1	14	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	1	15	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	1	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-8496	2	2	website	website	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	4	http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/	http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/	PROPN
epaa-8496	2	5	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	6	received	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	2	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	8	4/12/2023	4/12/2023	NUM
epaa-8496	2	9	facebook	facebook	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	10	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	11	/epaaa	/epaaa	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	12	revisions	revision	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	13	received	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	2	14	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	15	21/6/2024	21/6/2024	NUM
epaa-8496	2	16	twitter	twitter	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	17	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	18	@epaa_aape	@epaa_aape	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	19	accepted	accept	VERB
epaa-8496	2	20	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	21	25/6/2024	25/6/2024	NUM
epaa-8496	2	22	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	23	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	24	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	25	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	26	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	2	27	peer	peer	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	29	reviewed	review	VERB
epaa-8496	2	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	31	independent	independent	ADJ
epaa-8496	2	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	33	open	open	ADJ
epaa-8496	2	34	access	access	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	36	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
epaa-8496	2	37	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	38	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-8496	2	39	state	state	PROPN
epaa-8496	2	40	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	2	41	volume	volume	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	42	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	2	43	number	number	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	44	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	2	45	july	july	PROPN
epaa-8496	2	46	30	30	NUM
epaa-8496	2	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	48	2024	2024	NUM
epaa-8496	2	49	issn	issn	PROPN
epaa-8496	2	50	1068	1068	NUM
epaa-8496	2	51	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	2	52	2341	2341	NUM
epaa-8496	2	53	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	2	54	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	55	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	56	enhance	enhance	VERB
epaa-8496	2	57	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	2	58	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	59	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	60	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	61	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	2	62	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	63	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	2	64	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	2	65	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	2	66	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	2	67	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	3	1	sarah	sarah	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	2	ruth	ruth	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	3	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	4	rice	rice	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	3	7	alison	alison	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	8	heape	heape	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	9	johnson	johnson	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	10	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	3	12	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	13	united	united	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	14	states	states	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	15	citation	citation	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	16	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	3	17	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	3	19	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	20	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	3	22	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	3	23	johnson	johnson	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	3	25	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	26	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-8496	3	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	3	28	2024	2024	NUM
epaa-8496	3	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	3	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	4	1	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	4	2	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	4	3	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	4	4	enhance	enhance	VERB
epaa-8496	4	5	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	4	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	4	7	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	4	8	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	4	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	4	10	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	4	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	4	12	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	4	13	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	4	14	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	4	15	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	5	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	5	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	5	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	5	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	5	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	5	6	32(40	32(40	NUM
epaa-8496	5	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	5	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	6	1	https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.32.8496	https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.32.8496	PROPN
epaa-8496	6	2	abstract	abstract	NOUN
epaa-8496	6	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	6	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	6	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	6	6	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	6	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	6	8	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	6	9	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
epaa-8496	6	10	milestone	milestone	NOUN
epaa-8496	6	11	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	6	12	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	6	13	shape	shape	VERB
epaa-8496	6	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	6	15	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	6	16	future	future	NOUN
epaa-8496	6	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	6	18	offering	offer	VERB
epaa-8496	6	19	them	they	PRON
epaa-8496	6	20	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-8496	6	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	6	22	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	6	23	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	6	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	6	25	gainful	gainful	ADJ
epaa-8496	6	26	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-8496	6	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	7	1	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-8496	7	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	3	shows	show	VERB
epaa-8496	7	4	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	5	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	6	averages	average	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	7	8	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	9	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	10	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	7	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	7	12	predictive	predictive	ADJ
epaa-8496	7	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	7	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	7	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	16	graduati	graduati	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	17	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	7	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	7	19	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	7	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	7	21	important	important	ADJ
epaa-8496	7	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	7	23	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	24	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	7	25	life	life	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	26	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	27	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	7	28	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	7	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	30	assign	assign	VERB
epaa-8496	7	31	them	they	PRON
epaa-8496	7	32	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	7	33	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	7	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	8	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	8	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	8	3	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-8496	8	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	8	5	has	have	AUX
epaa-8496	8	6	scrutinized	scrutinize	VERB
epaa-8496	8	7	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-8496	8	8	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	8	9	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	8	10	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-8496	8	11	graded	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	8	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	8	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	8	14	calling	call	VERB
epaa-8496	8	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	8	16	new	new	ADJ
epaa-8496	8	17	approaches	approach	NOUN
epaa-8496	8	18	such	such	ADJ
epaa-8496	8	19	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	8	20	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	8	21	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	8	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	9	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	9	2	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	9	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	9	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	9	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	9	6	simulate	simulate	VERB
epaa-8496	9	7	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	9	8	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	9	9	impacts	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	9	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	9	11	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	9	12	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	9	13	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	9	14	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	9	15	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	9	16	statewide	statewide	ADV
epaa-8496	9	17	during	during	ADP
epaa-8496	9	18	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	9	19	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	9	20	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	9	21	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	9	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	9	23	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	9	24	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	9	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	9	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	9	27	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	9	28	were	be	AUX
epaa-8496	9	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	9	30	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	9	31	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	9	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	9	33	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	9	34	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	9	35	16	16	NUM
epaa-8496	9	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	9	37	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	9	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	10	2	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	10	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	10	5	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	10	6	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	10	7	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	9	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	10	10	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	10	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	10	12	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	13	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	14	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	10	15	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	10	16	about	about	ADP
epaa-8496	10	17	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	10	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	19	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	10	20	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	10	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	10	23	3	3	NUM
epaa-8496	10	24	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	26	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	10	27	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	10	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	10	30	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	32	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	10	33	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	34	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	35	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	36	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	10	37	6	6	NUM
epaa-8496	10	38	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	40	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	10	41	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	10	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	43	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	10	44	23	23	NUM
epaa-8496	10	45	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	47	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	10	48	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	10	49	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	51	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-8496	10	52	varying	vary	VERB
epaa-8496	10	53	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	10	54	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	10	56	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	10	57	have	have	VERB
epaa-8496	10	58	essentially	essentially	ADV
epaa-8496	10	59	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	10	60	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	61	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	10	62	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	10	63	return	return	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	64	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	10	65	investment	investment	NOUN
epaa-8496	10	66	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	11	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	11	2	application	application	NOUN
epaa-8496	11	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	11	4	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	11	5	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	11	6	shifted	shift	VERB
epaa-8496	11	7	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	11	8	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	11	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	11	10	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	11	11	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	11	12	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	11	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	11	14	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	11	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	11	16	thereby	thereby	ADV
epaa-8496	11	17	positioning	position	VERB
epaa-8496	11	18	10	10	NUM
epaa-8496	11	19	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	11	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	11	21	previously	previously	ADV
epaa-8496	11	22	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	11	23	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	11	24	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	11	25	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	11	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	12	1	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	12	2	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	12	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	12	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	12	5	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	12	6	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	12	7	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	12	8	serve	serve	VERB
epaa-8496	12	9	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	12	10	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	12	11	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	12	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	12	13	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-8496	12	14	strategy	strategy	NOUN
epaa-8496	12	15	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	12	16	enhance	enhance	VERB
epaa-8496	12	17	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	12	18	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	12	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	12	20	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	12	21	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	12	22	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	12	23	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	12	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	12	25	affected	affected	ADJ
epaa-8496	12	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	12	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	12	28	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	12	29	necessitating	necessitate	VERB
epaa-8496	12	30	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	12	31	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	12	32	spending	spending	NOUN
epaa-8496	12	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	13	1	http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/	http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/	NOUN
epaa-8496	13	2	https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.32.8496	https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.32.8496	NOUN
epaa-8496	13	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	13	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	13	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	13	6	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	13	7	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	13	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	14	1	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	14	2	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	3	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	4	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	14	5	2	2	NUM
epaa-8496	14	6	keywords	keyword	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	14	8	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	14	9	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	10	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	14	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	14	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	13	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	14	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	14	15	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	16	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	17	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	14	18	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	14	19	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	14	20	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	21	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	14	22	return	return	VERB
epaa-8496	14	23	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	14	24	investment	investment	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	25	¿	¿	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	26	podría	podría	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	27	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	28	clasificación	clasificación	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	29	mínima	mínima	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	30	mejorar	mejorar	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	31	las	las	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	32	tasas	tasas	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	33	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	34	graduación	graduación	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	35	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	36	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	37	escuela	escuela	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	38	secundaria	secundaria	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	39	y	y	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	40	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	41	relación	relación	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	42	costo	costo	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	43	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	14	44	beneficio	beneficio	NOUN
epaa-8496	14	45	en	en	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	46	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	14	47	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	15	1	resumen	resuman	NOUN
epaa-8496	15	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	15	3	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	4	graduación	graduación	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	5	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	6	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	7	escuela	escuela	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	8	secundaria	secundaria	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	9	es	es	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	10	un	un	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	11	hito	hito	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	12	fundamental	fundamental	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	13	que	que	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	14	puede	puede	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	15	moldear	moldear	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	16	el	el	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	17	futuro	futuro	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	18	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	19	los	los	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	20	estudiantes	estudiantes	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	15	22	ofreciéndoles	ofreciéndole	VERB
epaa-8496	15	23	oportunidades	oportunidades	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	24	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	25	educación	educación	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	26	superior	superior	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	27	y	y	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	28	empleo	empleo	PROPN
epaa-8496	15	29	remunerado	remunerado	VERB
epaa-8496	15	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	16	1	debido	debido	VERB
epaa-8496	16	2	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	16	3	que	que	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	4	las	las	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	5	investigaciones	investigaciones	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	6	muestran	muestran	ADJ
epaa-8496	16	7	que	que	X
epaa-8496	16	8	los	los	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	9	promedios	promedios	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	10	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	11	calificaciones	calificaciones	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	12	y	y	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	13	los	los	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	14	fracasos	fracasos	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	15	en	en	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	16	los	los	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	17	cursos	cursos	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	18	predicen	predicen	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	19	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	20	graduación	graduación	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	21	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	22	la	la	X
epaa-8496	16	23	escuela	escuela	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	24	secundaria	secundaria	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	16	26	es	es	ADP
epaa-8496	16	27	importante	importante	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	28	para	para	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	29	los	los	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	30	resultados	resultados	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	31	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	32	vida	vida	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	33	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	34	los	los	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	35	estudiantes	estudiantes	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	36	que	que	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	37	sus	sus	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	38	maestros	maestros	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	39	les	les	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	40	asignen	asignen	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	41	calificaciones	calificaciones	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	42	equitativas	equitativas	PROPN
epaa-8496	16	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	17	1	sin	sin	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	2	embargo	embargo	NOUN
epaa-8496	17	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	17	4	investigaciones	investigaciones	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	5	recientes	reciente	VERB
epaa-8496	17	6	han	han	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	7	analizado	analizado	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	8	cómo	cómo	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	9	las	las	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	10	escuelas	escuelas	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	11	tradicionalmente	tradicionalmente	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	12	califica	califica	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	13	ban	ban	VERB
epaa-8496	17	14	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	17	15	los	los	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	16	estudiantes	estudiantes	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	17	18	solicitando	solicitando	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	19	nuevos	nuevos	NOUN
epaa-8496	17	20	enfoques	enfoque	NOUN
epaa-8496	17	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	17	22	como	como	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	23	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	24	calificación	calificación	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	25	mínima	mínima	PROPN
epaa-8496	17	26	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	1	en	en	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	2	este	este	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	3	análisis	análisis	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	18	5	simulamos	simulamos	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	6	los	los	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	7	impactos	impactos	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	8	económicos	económicos	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	9	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	10	implementar	implementar	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	11	una	una	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	12	política	política	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	13	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	14	calificación	calificación	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	15	mínima	mínima	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	16	en	en	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	17	todo	todo	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	18	el	el	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	19	estado	estado	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	20	durante	durante	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	21	el	el	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	22	año	año	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	23	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	24	noveno	noveno	NOUN
epaa-8496	18	25	grado	grado	X
epaa-8496	18	26	de	de	X
epaa-8496	18	27	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	28	cohorte	cohorte	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	29	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	30	estudi	estudi	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	31	antes	ante	NOUN
epaa-8496	18	32	que	que	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	33	estaban	estaban	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	34	en	en	X
epaa-8496	18	35	noveno	noveno	NOUN
epaa-8496	18	36	grado	grado	NOUN
epaa-8496	18	37	en	en	ADP
epaa-8496	18	38	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	18	39	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	18	40	16	16	NUM
epaa-8496	18	41	en	en	X
epaa-8496	18	42	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	18	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	1	en	en	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	2	promedio	promedio	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	4	en	en	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	5	las	las	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	6	escuelas	escuelas	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	7	públicas	públicas	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	8	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	9	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	11	estimamos	estimamos	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	12	que	que	X
epaa-8496	19	13	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	14	calificación	calificación	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	15	mínima	mínima	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	16	afectaría	afectaría	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	17	entre	entre	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	18	uno	uno	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	20	límite	límite	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	21	estrecho	estrecho	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	23	y	y	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	24	3	3	NUM
epaa-8496	19	25	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	19	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	27	límite	límite	X
epaa-8496	19	28	amplio	amplio	NOUN
epaa-8496	19	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	30	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	31	los	los	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	32	estudiantes	estudiantes	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	34	aumentaría	aumentaría	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	35	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	36	rentabilidad	rentabilidad	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	37	entre	entre	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	38	un	un	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	39	6	6	NUM
epaa-8496	19	40	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	19	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	42	límite	límite	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	43	estrecho	estrecho	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	45	y	y	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	46	un	un	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	47	23	23	NUM
epaa-8496	19	48	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	19	49	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	50	límite	límite	X
epaa-8496	19	51	amplio	amplio	NOUN
epaa-8496	19	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	19	54	varían	varían	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	55	en	en	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	56	gran	gran	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	57	medida	medida	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	58	entre	entre	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	59	distritos	distritos	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	60	y	y	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	61	esencialmente	esencialmente	VERB
epaa-8496	19	62	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	19	63	tienen	tienen	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	64	ningún	ningún	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	65	impacto	impacto	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	66	en	en	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	67	el	el	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	68	retorno	retorno	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	69	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	70	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	71	inversión	inversión	PROPN
epaa-8496	19	72	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	20	1	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	2	aplicación	aplicación	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	3	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	4	calificaciones	calificaciones	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	5	mínimas	mínimas	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	6	cambió	cambió	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	7	el	el	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	8	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	20	9	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	20	10	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	11	las	las	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	12	calificaciones	calificaciones	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	13	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	14	cursos	cursos	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	15	reprobados	reprobado	VERB
epaa-8496	20	16	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	20	17	aprobados	aprobado	NOUN
epaa-8496	20	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	20	19	posicionando	posicionando	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	20	así	así	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	21	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	22	10	10	NUM
epaa-8496	20	23	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	20	24	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	25	los	los	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	26	estudiantes	estudiantes	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	27	que	que	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	28	anteriormente	anteriormente	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	29	reprobaban	reprobaban	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	30	para	para	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	31	aprobar	aprobar	PROPN
epaa-8496	20	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	21	1	estos	estos	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	2	hallazgos	hallazgos	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	3	sugieren	sugieren	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	4	que	que	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	5	las	las	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	6	calificaciones	calificaciones	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	7	mínimas	mínimas	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	8	podrían	podrían	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	9	servir	servir	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	10	como	como	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	11	una	una	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	12	estrategia	estrategia	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	13	rentable	rentable	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	14	para	para	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	15	mejorar	mejorar	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	16	las	las	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	17	tasas	tasas	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	18	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	19	graduación	graduación	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	20	en	en	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	21	distritos	distritos	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	22	con	con	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	23	t	t	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	24	asas	asas	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	25	más	más	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	26	altas	altas	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	27	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	28	estudiantes	estudiantes	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	29	afectados	afectados	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	21	31	sin	sin	NOUN
epaa-8496	21	32	necesidad	necesidad	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	33	de	de	X
epaa-8496	21	34	gasto	gasto	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	35	educativo	educativo	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	36	adicional	adicional	PROPN
epaa-8496	21	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	22	1	palabras	palabra	NOUN
epaa-8496	22	2	-	-	NOUN
epaa-8496	22	3	clave	clave	NOUN
epaa-8496	22	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	22	5	calificación	calificación	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	6	mínima	mínima	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	7	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	22	8	graduación	graduación	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	9	de	de	X
epaa-8496	22	10	bachillerato	bachillerato	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	11	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	22	12	promedio	promedio	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	13	de	de	X
epaa-8496	22	14	calificaciones	calificaciones	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	15	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	22	16	reforma	reforma	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	17	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	18	calificaciones	calificaciones	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	19	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	22	20	retorno	retorno	NOUN
epaa-8496	22	21	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	22	la	la	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	23	inversión	inversión	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	24	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	22	25	classificação	classificação	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	26	mínima	mínima	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	27	poderia	poderia	NOUN
epaa-8496	22	28	melhorar	melhorar	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	29	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	22	30	taxas	taxas	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	31	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	32	conclusão	conclusão	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	33	do	do	VERB
epaa-8496	22	34	ensino	ensino	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	35	médio	médio	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	36	e	e	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	37	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	22	38	relação	relação	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	39	custo	custo	NOUN
epaa-8496	22	40	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	22	41	benefício	benefício	NOUN
epaa-8496	22	42	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	22	43	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	22	44	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	23	1	resumo	resumo	ADJ
epaa-8496	23	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	23	3	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	23	4	conclusão	conclusão	NOUN
epaa-8496	23	5	do	do	VERB
epaa-8496	23	6	ensino	ensino	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	7	médio	médio	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	8	é	é	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	9	um	um	INTJ
epaa-8496	23	10	marco	marco	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	11	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
epaa-8496	23	12	que	que	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	13	pode	pode	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	14	moldar	moldar	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	15	o	o	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	16	futuro	futuro	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	17	dos	dos	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	18	estudantes	estudante	NOUN
epaa-8496	23	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	23	20	oferecendo	oferecendo	NOUN
epaa-8496	23	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	23	22	lhes	lhe	VERB
epaa-8496	23	23	oportunidades	oportunidades	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	24	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	25	ensino	ensino	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	26	superior	superior	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	27	e	e	PROPN
epaa-8496	23	28	emprego	emprego	NOUN
epaa-8496	23	29	remunerado	remunerado	NOUN
epaa-8496	23	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	24	1	como	como	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	2	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	24	3	pesquisa	pesquisa	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	4	mostra	mostra	X
epaa-8496	24	5	que	que	X
epaa-8496	24	6	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	24	7	médias	médias	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	8	de	de	X
epaa-8496	24	9	notas	notas	X
epaa-8496	24	10	e	e	X
epaa-8496	24	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	24	12	reprovações	reprovações	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	13	nos	nos	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	14	cursos	cursos	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	15	são	são	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	16	preditivas	preditivas	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	17	da	da	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	18	conclusão	conclusão	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	19	do	do	VERB
epaa-8496	24	20	ensino	ensino	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	21	médio	médio	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	24	23	é	é	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	24	importante	importante	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	25	para	para	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	26	os	os	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	27	resultados	resultado	VERB
epaa-8496	24	28	de	de	AUX
epaa-8496	24	29	vida	vida	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	30	dos	dos	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	31	alunos	alunos	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	32	que	que	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	33	seus	seus	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	34	professores	professore	VERB
epaa-8496	24	35	lhes	lhe	VERB
epaa-8496	24	36	atribuam	atribuam	PROPN
epaa-8496	24	37	notas	nota	NOUN
epaa-8496	24	38	equitativas	equitativas	NOUN
epaa-8496	24	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	25	1	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	25	2	entanto	entanto	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	25	4	pesquisas	pesquisas	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	5	recentes	recentes	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	6	examinaram	examinaram	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	7	minuciosamente	minuciosamente	AUX
epaa-8496	25	8	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	25	9	forma	forma	NOUN
epaa-8496	25	10	como	como	NOUN
epaa-8496	25	11	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-8496	25	12	escolas	escolas	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	13	tradicionalmente	tradicionalmente	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	14	classificam	classificam	VERB
epaa-8496	25	15	os	os	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	16	alunos	alunos	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	25	18	apelando	apelando	VERB
epaa-8496	25	19	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	25	20	novas	novas	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	21	abordagens	abordagen	NOUN
epaa-8496	25	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	25	23	como	como	ADJ
epaa-8496	25	24	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	25	25	classificação	classificação	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	26	mínima	mínima	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	27	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	28	nesta	nesta	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	29	análise	análise	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	25	31	simulamos	simulamos	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	32	os	os	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	33	impactos	impactos	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	34	económicos	económicos	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	35	da	da	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	36	implementação	implementação	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	37	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	38	uma	uma	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	39	política	política	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	40	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	41	notas	notas	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	42	mínimas	mínima	VERB
epaa-8496	25	43	em	em	PRON
epaa-8496	25	44	todo	todo	VERB
epaa-8496	25	45	o	o	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	46	estado	estado	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	47	durante	durante	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	48	o	o	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	49	ano	ano	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	50	do	do	VERB
epaa-8496	25	51	nono	nono	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	52	ano	ano	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	53	do	do	AUX
epaa-8496	25	54	grupo	grupo	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	55	de	de	X
epaa-8496	25	56	alunos	alunos	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	57	que	que	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	58	estavam	estavam	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	59	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	25	60	nono	nono	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	61	ano	ano	PROPN
epaa-8496	25	62	em	em	PRON
epaa-8496	25	63	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	25	64	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	25	65	16	16	NUM
epaa-8496	25	66	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	25	67	arkansas	arkansa	NOUN
epaa-8496	25	68	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	1	em	em	PRON
epaa-8496	26	2	média	média	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	4	nas	nas	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	5	escolas	escolas	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	6	públicas	públicas	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	7	do	do	AUX
epaa-8496	26	8	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	10	estimamos	estimamos	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	11	que	que	NOUN
epaa-8496	26	12	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	26	13	classificação	classificação	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	14	mínima	mínima	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	15	afetaria	afetaria	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	16	cerca	cerca	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	17	de	de	X
epaa-8496	26	18	um	um	INTJ
epaa-8496	26	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	20	limite	limite	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	21	estreito	estreito	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	23	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	26	24	3	3	NUM
epaa-8496	26	25	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	26	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	27	limite	limite	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	28	amplo	amplo	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	30	dos	dos	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	31	alunos	alunos	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	33	aumentaria	aumentaria	VERB
epaa-8496	26	34	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	26	35	relação	relação	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	36	custo	custo	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	38	eficácia	eficácia	NOUN
epaa-8496	26	39	em	em	PRON
epaa-8496	26	40	6	6	NUM
epaa-8496	26	41	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	26	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	43	limite	limite	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	44	estreito	estreito	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	46	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	26	47	23	23	NUM
epaa-8496	26	48	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	26	49	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	50	limite	limite	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	51	amplo	amplo	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	26	54	variam	variam	NOUN
epaa-8496	26	55	grandemente	grandemente	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	56	entre	entre	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	57	distritos	distritos	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	58	e	e	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	59	não	não	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	60	têm	têm	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	61	essencialmente	essencialmente	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	62	impacto	impacto	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	63	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	26	64	retorno	retorno	NOUN
epaa-8496	26	65	do	do	AUX
epaa-8496	26	66	investimento	investimento	PROPN
epaa-8496	26	67	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	27	1	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	27	2	aplicação	aplicação	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	3	da	da	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	4	nota	nota	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	5	mínima	mínima	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	6	transferiu	transferiu	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	7	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	27	8	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	27	9	das	das	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	10	nota	nota	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	11	s	s	PART
epaa-8496	27	12	reprovadas	reprovadas	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	13	do	do	VERB
epaa-8496	27	14	curso	curso	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	15	para	para	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	16	aprovação	aprovação	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	27	18	posicionando	posicionando	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	19	assim	assim	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	20	10	10	NUM
epaa-8496	27	21	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	27	22	dos	dos	NOUN
epaa-8496	27	23	alunos	alunos	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	24	anteriormente	anteriormente	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	25	reprovados	reprovado	NOUN
epaa-8496	27	26	para	para	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	27	aprovação	aprovação	PROPN
epaa-8496	27	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	28	1	estas	estas	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	2	conclusões	conclusões	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	3	sugerem	sugerem	VERB
epaa-8496	28	4	que	que	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	5	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	28	6	classificação	classificação	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	7	mínima	mínima	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	8	poderia	poderia	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	9	servir	servir	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	10	como	como	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	11	uma	uma	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	12	estratégia	estratégia	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	13	eficaz	eficaz	VERB
epaa-8496	28	14	em	em	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	15	termos	termos	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	16	de	de	X
epaa-8496	28	17	custos	custos	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	18	para	para	NOUN
epaa-8496	28	19	melhorar	melhorar	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	20	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	28	21	taxas	taxas	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	22	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	23	graduação	graduação	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	24	em	em	PRON
epaa-8496	28	25	distritos	distritos	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	26	com	com	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	27	taxas	taxas	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	28	mais	mais	PROPN
epaa-8496	28	29	elevadas	elevadas	PROPN
epaa-8496	29	1	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	29	2	estudantes	estudantes	X
epaa-8496	29	3	afectados	afectado	NOUN
epaa-8496	29	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	29	5	sem	sem	PROPN
epaa-8496	29	6	necessidade	necessidade	X
epaa-8496	29	7	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	29	8	despesas	despesas	PROPN
epaa-8496	29	9	educacionais	educacionais	PROPN
epaa-8496	29	10	adicionais	adicionais	PROPN
epaa-8496	29	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	30	1	palavras	palavras	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	30	3	chave	chave	NOUN
epaa-8496	30	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	30	5	classificação	classificação	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	6	mínima	mínima	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	7	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	30	8	graduação	graduação	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	9	do	do	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	10	ensino	ensino	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	11	médio	médio	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	12	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	30	13	média	média	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	14	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	15	qualificações	qualificações	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	16	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	30	17	reforma	reforma	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	18	de	de	X
epaa-8496	30	19	classificação	classificação	ADJ
epaa-8496	30	20	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	30	21	retorno	retorno	NOUN
epaa-8496	30	22	do	do	AUX
epaa-8496	30	23	investimento	investimento	VERB
epaa-8496	30	24	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	30	25	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	30	26	3	3	NUM
epaa-8496	30	27	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	30	28	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	30	29	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	30	30	enhance	enhance	VERB
epaa-8496	30	31	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	30	32	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	30	33	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	30	34	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	30	35	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	30	36	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	30	37	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	30	38	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	30	39	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	30	40	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	31	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	31	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	31	3	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	31	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	31	5	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	31	6	merely	merely	ADV
epaa-8496	31	7	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	31	8	rite	rite	NOUN
epaa-8496	31	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	31	10	passage	passage	NOUN
epaa-8496	31	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	31	12	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-8496	31	13	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	31	14	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
epaa-8496	31	15	milestone	milestone	NOUN
epaa-8496	31	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	31	17	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	31	18	shape	shape	VERB
epaa-8496	31	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	31	20	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	31	21	future	future	NOUN
epaa-8496	31	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	31	23	offering	offer	VERB
epaa-8496	31	24	them	they	PRON
epaa-8496	31	25	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-8496	31	26	fo	fo	ADP
epaa-8496	31	27	r	r	NOUN
epaa-8496	31	28	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	31	29	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	31	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	31	31	gainful	gainful	ADJ
epaa-8496	31	32	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-8496	31	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	31	34	allensworth	allensworth	PROPN
epaa-8496	31	35	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	31	36	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	31	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	31	38	2007	2007	NUM
epaa-8496	31	39	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	31	40	aspire	aspire	PROPN
epaa-8496	31	41	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	31	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	31	43	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	31	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	31	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	32	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	32	2	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	32	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	32	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	32	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	32	7	arkansas	arkansa	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	8	ranked	rank	VERB
epaa-8496	32	9	42nd	42nd	ADV
epaa-8496	32	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	32	11	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	32	12	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	32	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	32	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	16	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	17	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	32	18	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	32	19	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	20	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	32	22	only	only	ADV
epaa-8496	32	23	88	88	NUM
epaa-8496	32	24	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	32	26	down	down	ADV
epaa-8496	32	27	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	32	28	89	89	NUM
epaa-8496	32	29	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	32	31	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	32	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	32	33	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	32	34	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	32	35	ranked	rank	VERB
epaa-8496	32	36	15th	15th	ADV
epaa-8496	32	37	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	32	38	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	32	39	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	40	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	41	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	32	42	national	national	ADJ
epaa-8496	32	43	center	center	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	44	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	32	45	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	46	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	32	48	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	32	49	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	32	50	wisevoter	wisevoter	NOUN
epaa-8496	32	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	32	52	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	32	53	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	32	54	aspire	aspire	PROPN
epaa-8496	32	55	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	32	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	32	57	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	32	58	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	32	59	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	33	1	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	33	2	only	only	ADV
epaa-8496	33	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	33	4	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	33	5	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-8496	33	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	33	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	8	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	9	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	10	bleak	bleak	ADJ
epaa-8496	33	11	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	33	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	33	13	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	33	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	33	15	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	33	16	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-8496	33	17	bachelor	bachelor	PROPN
epaa-8496	33	18	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	33	19	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	20	obtainment	obtainment	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	21	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	22	ranked	rank	VERB
epaa-8496	33	23	49th	49th	ADV
epaa-8496	33	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	33	25	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	33	26	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	33	28	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	33	29	25.3	25.3	NUM
epaa-8496	33	30	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	33	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	33	33	its	its	PRON
epaa-8496	33	34	advanced	advanced	ADJ
epaa-8496	33	35	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	36	obtainment	obtainment	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	37	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	38	ranked	rank	VERB
epaa-8496	33	39	50	50	NUM
epaa-8496	33	40	th	th	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	33	42	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	33	43	9.4	9.4	NUM
epaa-8496	33	44	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	45	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	33	46	wisevoter	wisevoter	NOUN
epaa-8496	33	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	33	48	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	33	49	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	33	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	34	1	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	34	2	aspect	aspect	NOUN
epaa-8496	34	3	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	34	4	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	34	5	play	play	VERB
epaa-8496	34	6	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	34	7	role	role	NOUN
epaa-8496	34	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	34	9	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	34	10	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	34	11	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	34	12	journey	journey	NOUN
epaa-8496	34	13	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-8496	34	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	34	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	34	16	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	34	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	34	18	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	34	19	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	34	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	34	21	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	34	22	averages	average	NOUN
epaa-8496	34	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	34	24	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	34	25	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	34	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	35	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	35	2	way	way	NOUN
epaa-8496	35	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	35	4	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	35	5	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
epaa-8496	35	6	been	be	AUX
epaa-8496	35	7	graded	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	35	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	35	9	k-12	k-12	PROPN
epaa-8496	35	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	35	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	35	12	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	35	13	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	35	14	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
epaa-8496	35	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	35	16	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
epaa-8496	35	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	35	18	biases	bias	NOUN
epaa-8496	35	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	36	1	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-8496	36	2	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-8496	36	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	36	4	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-8496	36	5	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	36	6	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	36	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	36	8	including	include	VERB
epaa-8496	36	9	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	36	10	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	36	11	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	36	12	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	36	13	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
epaa-8496	36	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	36	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	36	16	final	final	ADJ
epaa-8496	36	17	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	36	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	36	19	perpetuate	perpetuate	VERB
epaa-8496	36	20	disparities	disparity	NOUN
epaa-8496	36	21	among	among	ADP
epaa-8496	36	22	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	36	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	36	24	different	different	ADJ
epaa-8496	36	25	backgrounds	background	NOUN
epaa-8496	36	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	36	27	contributing	contribute	VERB
epaa-8496	36	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	36	29	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-8496	36	30	gaps	gap	NOUN
epaa-8496	36	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	36	32	feldman	feldman	NOUN
epaa-8496	36	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	36	34	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	36	35	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	36	36	guskey	guskey	ADJ
epaa-8496	36	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	36	38	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	36	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	36	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	37	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	37	2	response	response	NOUN
epaa-8496	37	3	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	37	4	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-8496	37	5	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	37	6	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	37	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	37	8	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	37	9	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	37	10	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	37	11	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	37	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	37	13	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	37	14	such	such	ADJ
epaa-8496	37	15	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	37	16	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	37	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	37	18	only	only	ADV
epaa-8496	37	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	37	20	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	37	21	standard	standard	NOUN
epaa-8496	37	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	37	23	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	37	24	incorporat	incorporat	VERB
epaa-8496	37	25	ing	ing	ADJ
epaa-8496	37	26	noncognitive	noncognitive	ADJ
epaa-8496	37	27	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
epaa-8496	37	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	37	29	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	37	30	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	37	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	37	32	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	37	33	emerged	emerge	VERB
epaa-8496	37	34	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	37	35	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	37	36	alternative	alternative	NOUN
epaa-8496	37	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	37	38	feldman	feldman	NOUN
epaa-8496	37	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	37	40	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	37	41	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	37	42	guskey	guskey	ADJ
epaa-8496	37	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	37	44	2022	2022	NUM
epaa-8496	37	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	37	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	38	1	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-8496	38	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-8496	38	3	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	38	4	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	38	5	bowden	bowden	PROPN
epaa-8496	38	6	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	38	7	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	38	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	39	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	39	2	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	39	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	39	4	caution	caution	NOUN
epaa-8496	39	5	against	against	ADP
epaa-8496	39	6	reducing	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	39	7	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	39	8	scales	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	39	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	39	10	expressing	express	VERB
epaa-8496	39	11	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-8496	39	12	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	39	13	such	such	ADJ
epaa-8496	39	14	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	39	15	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	39	16	raise	raise	VERB
epaa-8496	39	17	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	39	18	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	39	19	averages	average	NOUN
epaa-8496	39	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	39	21	gpas	gpas	PROPN
epaa-8496	39	22	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	39	23	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	39	24	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-8496	39	25	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	39	26	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	39	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	40	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	40	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	40	3	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	40	4	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
epaa-8496	40	5	rely	rely	VERB
epaa-8496	40	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	40	7	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	40	8	premise	premise	NOUN
epaa-8496	40	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	40	10	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	40	11	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	40	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	40	13	gpa	gpa	PROPN
epaa-8496	40	14	directly	directly	ADV
epaa-8496	40	15	should	should	AUX
epaa-8496	40	16	correlate	correlate	VERB
epaa-8496	40	17	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	40	18	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	40	19	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	40	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	40	21	test	test	NOUN
epaa-8496	40	22	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-8496	40	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	41	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	41	2	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	41	3	expect	expect	VERB
epaa-8496	41	4	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	41	5	correlation	correlation	NOUN
epaa-8496	41	6	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-8496	41	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	41	8	were	be	AUX
epaa-8496	41	9	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-8496	41	10	assessed	assess	VERB
epaa-8496	41	11	using	use	VERB
epaa-8496	41	12	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	41	13	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	41	14	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	41	15	accurately	accurately	ADV
epaa-8496	41	16	measure	measure	VERB
epaa-8496	41	17	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	41	18	content	content	NOUN
epaa-8496	41	19	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-8496	41	20	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	41	21	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	41	22	outset	outset	NOUN
epaa-8496	41	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	41	24	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-8496	41	25	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	41	26	very	very	ADJ
epaa-8496	41	27	premise	premise	NOUN
epaa-8496	41	28	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	41	29	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	41	30	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	41	31	advocacy	advocacy	NOUN
epaa-8496	41	32	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	41	33	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	41	34	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-8496	41	35	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	41	36	do	do	AUX
epaa-8496	41	37	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	41	38	accurately	accurately	ADV
epaa-8496	41	39	reflect	reflect	VERB
epaa-8496	41	40	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	41	41	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-8496	41	42	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-8496	41	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	1	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	2	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	42	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	42	4	embraced	embrace	VERB
epaa-8496	42	5	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	42	6	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	42	7	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	8	report	report	VERB
epaa-8496	42	9	numerous	numerous	ADJ
epaa-8496	42	10	advantages	advantage	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	12	including	include	VERB
epaa-8496	42	13	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	42	14	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	42	16	reduced	reduced	ADJ
epaa-8496	42	17	bias	bias	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	42	19	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	42	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	21	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-8496	42	22	also	also	ADV
epaa-8496	42	23	heightened	heighten	VERB
epaa-8496	42	24	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	25	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	27	improved	improved	ADJ
epaa-8496	42	28	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	29	-student	-student	ADJ
epaa-8496	42	30	relationships	relationship	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	32	reduced	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	42	33	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	34	stress	stress	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	36	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-8496	42	37	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	38	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	40	mitigation	mitigation	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	42	42	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	43	inflation	inflation	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	45	gra	gra	PROPN
epaa-8496	42	46	des	des	PROPN
epaa-8496	42	47	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	42	48	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	42	49	precisely	precisely	ADV
epaa-8496	42	50	mirror	mirror	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	51	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	52	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	42	53	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	42	54	capabilities	capability	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	56	reduced	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	42	57	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	58	among	among	ADP
epaa-8496	42	59	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	60	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	61	enhanced	enhance	VERB
epaa-8496	42	62	self	self	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	63	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	64	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	65	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	42	66	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	42	67	cultivation	cultivation	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	68	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	42	69	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	42	70	fair	fair	ADJ
epaa-8496	42	71	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	42	72	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	42	73	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-8496	42	74	environment	environment	NOUN
epaa-8496	42	75	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	76	feldman	feldman	PROPN
epaa-8496	42	77	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	78	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	42	79	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	80	fernandez	fernandez	PROPN
epaa-8496	42	81	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	82	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	42	83	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	42	84	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	43	1	modern	modern	ADJ
epaa-8496	43	2	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	43	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	43	5	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-8496	43	6	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	43	7	has	have	AUX
epaa-8496	43	8	placed	place	VERB
epaa-8496	43	9	added	add	VERB
epaa-8496	43	10	pressure	pressure	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	43	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	13	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	43	14	reduce	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	43	15	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	16	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	43	18	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	19	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	43	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	43	22	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	43	23	tight	tight	ADJ
epaa-8496	43	24	budgets	budget	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	43	26	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	27	must	must	AUX
epaa-8496	43	28	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-8496	43	29	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-8496	43	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	43	31	low	low	ADJ
epaa-8496	43	32	-cost	-cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	33	options	option	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	43	35	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	43	36	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	43	37	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	43	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	43	39	2010	2010	NUM
epaa-8496	43	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	43	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	44	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	44	2	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	44	3	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	44	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	44	5	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	44	6	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	44	7	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	44	8	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	44	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	44	10	emerges	emerge	VERB
epaa-8496	44	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	44	12	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	44	13	potentially	potentially	ADV
epaa-8496	44	14	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	44	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	44	16	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-8496	44	17	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	44	18	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	44	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	45	1	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	45	2	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	45	3	restricts	restrict	VERB
epaa-8496	45	4	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-8496	45	5	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	45	6	assigning	assign	VERB
epaa-8496	45	7	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	45	8	below	below	ADP
epaa-8496	45	9	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	45	10	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-8496	45	11	threshold	threshold	NOUN
epaa-8496	45	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	45	13	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-8496	45	14	50	50	NUM
epaa-8496	45	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	45	16	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	45	17	address	address	VERB
epaa-8496	45	18	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	45	19	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
epaa-8496	45	20	inaccuracy	inaccuracy	NOUN
epaa-8496	45	21	between	between	ADP
epaa-8496	45	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	45	23	0	0	NUM
epaa-8496	45	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	45	25	100	100	NUM
epaa-8496	45	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	45	27	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	45	28	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	45	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	45	30	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	45	31	a	a	PROPN
epaa-8496	45	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	45	33	f	f	NOUN
epaa-8496	45	34	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	45	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	46	1	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
epaa-8496	46	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	46	3	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	46	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	46	5	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	46	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	46	7	2009	2009	NUM
epaa-8496	46	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	46	9	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-8496	46	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	46	11	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	46	12	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	46	13	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	46	14	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	46	15	should	should	AUX
epaa-8496	46	16	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	46	17	implemented	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	46	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	46	19	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	46	20	first	first	ADV
epaa-8496	46	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	46	22	its	its	PRON
epaa-8496	46	23	grounding	grounding	NOUN
epaa-8496	46	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	46	25	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	46	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	46	27	psychological	psychological	ADJ
epaa-8496	46	28	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-8496	46	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	46	30	later	later	ADV
epaa-8496	46	31	bolster	bolster	VERB
epaa-8496	46	32	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	46	33	argument	argument	NOUN
epaa-8496	46	34	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	46	35	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-8496	46	36	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	46	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	47	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	47	2	find	find	VERB
epaa-8496	47	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	47	4	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	47	5	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	47	6	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	7	gr	gr	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	8	ade	ade	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	47	10	mid	mid	ADJ
epaa-8496	47	11	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	47	12	semester	semester	ADJ
epaa-8496	47	13	final	final	ADJ
epaa-8496	47	14	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	15	changes	change	VERB
epaa-8496	47	16	8.4	8.4	NUM
epaa-8496	47	17	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	47	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	20	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	47	21	final	final	ADJ
epaa-8496	47	22	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	47	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	47	25	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	47	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	27	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	47	28	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	47	29	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	47	30	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	47	31	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	47	32	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	47	33	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	47	34	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	35	outperformed	outperform	VERB
epaa-8496	47	36	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	47	37	peers	peer	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	47	39	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-8496	47	40	prior	prior	ADJ
epaa-8496	47	41	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	47	42	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	43	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	47	44	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	47	45	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	46	standardized	standardized	ADJ
epaa-8496	47	47	test	test	NOUN
epaa-8496	47	48	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	47	49	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	47	50	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	47	51	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	47	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	47	53	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	47	54	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	47	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	48	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	48	2	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	48	3	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	48	4	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-8496	48	5	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	48	6	have	have	VERB
epaa-8496	48	7	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	48	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	48	9	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	48	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	48	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	48	12	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	48	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	48	14	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	48	15	requires	require	VERB
epaa-8496	48	16	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	48	17	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	48	18	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	48	19	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	48	20	education	education	VERB
epaa-8496	48	21	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	48	22	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	48	23	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	48	24	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	48	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	49	1	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	50	1	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	50	2	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	51	1	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	51	2	4	4	NUM
epaa-8496	51	3	implement	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	51	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	52	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	52	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	52	3	even	even	ADV
epaa-8496	52	4	claim	claim	VERB
epaa-8496	52	5	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	52	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	52	7	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	52	8	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	52	9	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	52	10	save	save	VERB
epaa-8496	52	11	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	52	12	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
epaa-8496	52	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	52	14	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	52	15	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	52	16	studied	study	VERB
epaa-8496	52	17	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	52	18	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	52	19	million	million	NUM
epaa-8496	52	20	over	over	ADP
epaa-8496	52	21	s	s	NOUN
epaa-8496	52	22	even	even	ADV
epaa-8496	52	23	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	52	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	52	25	later	later	ADV
epaa-8496	52	26	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	52	27	revise	revise	VERB
epaa-8496	52	28	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	52	29	estimate	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	52	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	52	31	savings	saving	NOUN
epaa-8496	52	32	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	52	33	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	52	34	2	2	NUM
epaa-8496	52	35	million	million	NUM
epaa-8496	52	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	52	37	carey	carey	NOUN
epaa-8496	52	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	52	39	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	52	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	52	41	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	52	42	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	52	43	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	52	44	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	52	45	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	52	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	52	47	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	52	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	52	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	53	1	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	53	2	studying	study	VERB
epaa-8496	53	3	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	53	4	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	53	5	widely	widely	ADV
epaa-8496	53	6	cite	cite	VERB
epaa-8496	53	7	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	53	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	53	9	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	53	10	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	53	11	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	53	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	54	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	54	2	saving	save	VERB
epaa-8496	54	3	money	money	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	4	through	through	ADP
epaa-8496	54	5	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	54	6	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	7	--	--	PUNCT
epaa-8496	54	8	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	54	9	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
epaa-8496	54	10	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	54	11	need	need	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	12	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-8496	54	13	some	some	DET
epaa-8496	54	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	15	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	54	16	retake	retake	VERB
epaa-8496	54	17	required	required	ADJ
epaa-8496	54	18	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	54	20	attend	attend	VERB
epaa-8496	54	21	summer	summer	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	54	24	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	54	25	enroll	enroll	VERB
epaa-8496	54	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	54	27	credit	credit	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	28	recovery	recovery	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	29	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	30	--	--	PUNCT
epaa-8496	54	31	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	54	32	logically	logically	ADV
epaa-8496	54	33	sound	sound	ADJ
epaa-8496	54	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	54	35	carey	carey	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	54	37	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	54	38	’s	’s	PART
epaa-8496	54	39	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	40	lacks	lack	VERB
epaa-8496	54	41	direct	direct	ADJ
epaa-8496	54	42	calculations	calculation	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	43	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	54	44	support	support	VERB
epaa-8496	54	45	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	54	46	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	47	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	54	48	savings	saving	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	49	estimation	estimation	NOUN
epaa-8496	54	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	55	1	neither	neither	CCONJ
epaa-8496	55	2	does	do	AUX
epaa-8496	55	3	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	55	4	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	55	5	address	address	VERB
epaa-8496	55	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	55	7	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-8496	55	8	long	long	ADJ
epaa-8496	55	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	55	10	term	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	55	11	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-8496	55	12	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	55	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	55	14	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	55	15	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	55	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	56	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	56	2	aim	aim	VERB
epaa-8496	56	3	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	56	4	assess	assess	VERB
epaa-8496	56	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	56	6	short	short	ADJ
epaa-8496	56	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	56	8	long	long	ADJ
epaa-8496	56	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	56	10	term	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	11	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	56	12	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	56	14	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	15	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	56	16	through	through	ADP
epaa-8496	56	17	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	56	19	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	20	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	21	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	56	22	simulating	simulate	VERB
epaa-8496	56	23	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	56	24	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	56	26	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	27	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	28	within	within	ADP
epaa-8496	56	29	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	56	30	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	56	31	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	56	33	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	56	34	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	35	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	56	36	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	37	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	56	38	completed	complete	VERB
epaa-8496	56	39	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	56	40	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	56	41	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	56	42	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	43	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	56	44	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	56	45	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	56	46	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	56	47	16	16	NUM
epaa-8496	56	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	57	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	57	2	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	57	3	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	57	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	57	6	simulate	simulate	VERB
epaa-8496	57	7	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	57	8	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	57	10	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	57	11	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	57	12	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	57	13	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	14	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	57	15	answer	answer	VERB
epaa-8496	57	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	57	17	following	follow	VERB
epaa-8496	57	18	questions	question	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	19	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	57	20	rq1	rq1	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	21	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	57	22	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	57	23	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	57	24	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	57	25	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	57	26	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	27	enhance	enhance	VERB
epaa-8496	57	28	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	57	29	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	57	30	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	57	32	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	57	33	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	57	34	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	35	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	57	36	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-8496	57	37	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	38	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	39	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	57	40	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	57	41	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	57	42	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	43	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	57	44	educating	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	57	45	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	57	46	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	58	1	rq2	rq2	NOUN
epaa-8496	58	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	58	3	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	58	4	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	58	5	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	58	6	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	58	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	58	8	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	58	9	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	58	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	58	11	boost	boost	VERB
epaa-8496	58	12	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	58	13	return	return	NOUN
epaa-8496	58	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	58	15	investment	investment	NOUN
epaa-8496	58	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	58	17	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	58	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	58	19	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	58	20	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	58	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	58	22	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	58	23	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	58	24	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	58	25	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	58	26	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	58	27	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
epaa-8496	58	28	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	59	1	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-8496	59	2	review	review	NOUN
epaa-8496	59	3	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	59	4	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	59	5	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	59	6	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	59	7	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	59	8	historically	historically	ADV
epaa-8496	59	9	shown	show	VERB
epaa-8496	59	10	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-8496	59	11	evolution	evolution	NOUN
epaa-8496	59	12	over	over	ADP
epaa-8496	59	13	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	59	14	past	past	ADJ
epaa-8496	59	15	century	century	NOUN
epaa-8496	59	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	59	17	feldman	feldman	PROPN
epaa-8496	59	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	59	19	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	59	20	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	59	21	schneider	schneider	PROPN
epaa-8496	59	22	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	59	23	hutt	hutt	PROPN
epaa-8496	59	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	59	25	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	59	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	59	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	60	1	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	60	2	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	60	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	60	4	often	often	ADV
epaa-8496	60	5	been	be	AUX
epaa-8496	60	6	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-8496	60	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	60	8	outdated	outdated	ADJ
epaa-8496	60	9	beliefs	belief	NOUN
epaa-8496	60	10	about	about	ADP
epaa-8496	60	11	sorting	sort	VERB
epaa-8496	60	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	60	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	60	14	criticized	criticize	VERB
epaa-8496	60	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	60	16	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	60	17	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-8496	60	18	role	role	NOUN
epaa-8496	60	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	60	20	perpetuating	perpetuate	VERB
epaa-8496	60	21	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	60	22	disparities	disparity	NOUN
epaa-8496	60	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	61	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	61	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-8496	61	3	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	61	4	system	system	NOUN
epaa-8496	61	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	61	6	rooted	root	VERB
epaa-8496	61	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	61	8	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	61	9	era	era	NOUN
epaa-8496	61	10	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	61	11	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	61	12	relied	rely	VERB
epaa-8496	61	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	61	14	extrinsic	extrinsic	ADJ
epaa-8496	61	15	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
epaa-8496	61	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	61	17	punitive	punitive	ADJ
epaa-8496	61	18	measures	measure	NOUN
epaa-8496	61	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	61	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	61	21	facing	face	VERB
epaa-8496	61	22	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
epaa-8496	61	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	61	24	its	its	PRON
epaa-8496	61	25	inconsistency	inconsistency	NOUN
epaa-8496	61	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	61	27	imprecision	imprecision	NOUN
epaa-8496	61	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	61	29	modern	modern	ADJ
epaa-8496	61	30	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	61	31	settings	setting	NOUN
epaa-8496	61	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	61	33	schneider	schneider	PROPN
epaa-8496	61	34	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	61	35	hutt	hutt	PROPN
epaa-8496	61	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	61	37	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	61	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	61	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-8496	62	2	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	62	3	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-8496	62	4	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-8496	62	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	62	6	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	62	7	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	62	8	lives	life	NOUN
epaa-8496	62	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	10	guskey	guskey	ADJ
epaa-8496	62	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	12	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	62	13	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	14	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	62	15	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	62	16	mckenzie	mckenzie	PROPN
epaa-8496	62	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	18	2024a	2024a	NUM
epaa-8496	62	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	62	21	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	62	22	need	need	NOUN
epaa-8496	62	23	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	62	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	62	25	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	62	26	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-8496	62	27	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	62	28	reflect	reflect	VERB
epaa-8496	62	29	what	what	PRON
epaa-8496	62	30	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	62	31	know	know	VERB
epaa-8496	62	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	62	33	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	62	34	do	do	AUX
epaa-8496	62	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	36	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	62	37	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	62	38	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
epaa-8496	62	39	inherent	inherent	ADJ
epaa-8496	62	40	biases	bias	NOUN
epaa-8496	62	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	42	disproportionately	disproportionately	ADV
epaa-8496	62	43	affecting	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	62	44	economically	economically	ADV
epaa-8496	62	45	disadvantaged	disadvantaged	ADJ
epaa-8496	62	46	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	62	47	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	48	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	62	49	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	62	50	mckenzie	mckenzie	PROPN
epaa-8496	62	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	52	2024b	2024b	NUM
epaa-8496	62	53	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	54	wakeman	wakeman	PROPN
epaa-8496	62	55	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	62	56	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	62	57	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	62	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	59	2022	2022	NUM
epaa-8496	62	60	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	62	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	63	1	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	63	2	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	3	advocates	advocate	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	4	like	like	ADP
epaa-8496	63	5	thomas	thomas	PROPN
epaa-8496	63	6	guskey	guskey	PROPN
epaa-8496	63	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	63	8	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	63	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	63	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	63	11	joe	joe	PROPN
epaa-8496	63	12	feldman	feldman	PROPN
epaa-8496	63	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	63	14	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	63	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	63	16	call	call	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	17	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-8496	63	18	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	19	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	63	20	reevaluate	reevaluate	VERB
epaa-8496	63	21	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-8496	63	22	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	63	23	approaches	approach	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	63	25	including	include	VERB
epaa-8496	63	26	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	63	27	homework	homework	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	28	completion	completion	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	63	30	class	class	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	31	participation	participation	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	63	33	punctuality	punctuality	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	63	35	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	63	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	63	38	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	39	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	63	40	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	63	41	final	final	ADJ
epaa-8496	63	42	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	63	44	which	which	PRON
epaa-8496	63	45	often	often	ADV
epaa-8496	63	46	unintentionally	unintentionally	ADV
epaa-8496	63	47	privilege	privilege	VERB
epaa-8496	63	48	sure	sure	ADJ
epaa-8496	63	49	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	50	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	63	51	disadvantaging	disadvantage	VERB
epaa-8496	63	52	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
epaa-8496	63	53	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	63	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	64	1	feldman	feldman	PROPN
epaa-8496	64	2	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	64	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	64	4	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	64	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	64	6	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	7	include	include	VERB
epaa-8496	64	8	adopting	adopt	VERB
epaa-8496	64	9	consistent	consistent	ADJ
epaa-8496	64	10	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	11	scales	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	64	13	removing	remove	VERB
epaa-8496	64	14	extra	extra	ADJ
epaa-8496	64	15	credit	credit	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	16	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	64	18	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	64	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	20	solely	solely	ADV
epaa-8496	64	21	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	64	22	content	content	ADJ
epaa-8496	64	23	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	64	25	excluding	exclude	VERB
epaa-8496	64	26	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	64	27	-academic	-academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	64	28	behaviors	behavior	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	29	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	64	30	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	64	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	64	33	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
epaa-8496	64	34	homework	homework	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	35	participation	participation	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	36	g	g	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	37	rades	rade	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	38	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	64	39	accommodate	accommodate	VERB
epaa-8496	64	40	diverse	diverse	ADJ
epaa-8496	64	41	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	42	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
epaa-8496	64	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	65	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	65	2	deduction	deduction	NOUN
epaa-8496	65	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	65	4	points	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	65	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	65	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	65	7	behavior	behavior	NOUN
epaa-8496	65	8	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	65	9	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	65	10	susceptible	susceptible	ADJ
epaa-8496	65	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	65	12	misinterpretation	misinterpretation	NOUN
epaa-8496	65	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	65	14	implicit	implicit	ADJ
epaa-8496	65	15	biases	bias	NOUN
epaa-8496	65	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	65	17	given	give	VERB
epaa-8496	65	18	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	65	19	subjective	subjective	ADJ
epaa-8496	65	20	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-8496	65	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	65	22	feldman	feldman	PROPN
epaa-8496	65	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	65	24	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	65	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	65	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	66	1	once	once	ADV
epaa-8496	66	2	perceived	perceive	VERB
epaa-8496	66	3	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	66	4	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	66	5	measure	measure	NOUN
epaa-8496	66	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	66	7	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
epaa-8496	66	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	66	9	homework	homework	NOUN
epaa-8496	66	10	completion	completion	NOUN
epaa-8496	66	11	now	now	ADV
epaa-8496	66	12	exacerbates	exacerbate	VERB
epaa-8496	66	13	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	66	14	disparities	disparity	NOUN
epaa-8496	66	15	among	among	ADP
epaa-8496	66	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	66	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	66	18	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-8496	66	19	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	66	20	all	all	PRON
epaa-8496	66	21	possess	possess	VERB
epaa-8496	66	22	conducive	conducive	ADJ
epaa-8496	66	23	home	home	NOUN
epaa-8496	66	24	environments	environment	NOUN
epaa-8496	66	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	66	26	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-8496	66	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	66	28	feldman	feldman	PROPN
epaa-8496	66	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	66	30	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	66	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	66	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	67	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
epaa-8496	67	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	67	3	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-8496	67	4	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	67	5	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
epaa-8496	67	6	homework	homework	NOUN
epaa-8496	67	7	completion	completion	NOUN
epaa-8496	67	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	67	9	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	67	10	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
epaa-8496	67	11	indicator	indicator	NOUN
epaa-8496	67	12	unintentionally	unintentionally	ADV
epaa-8496	67	13	perpetuate	perpetuate	VERB
epaa-8496	67	14	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-8496	67	15	gaps	gap	NOUN
epaa-8496	67	16	rooted	root	VERB
epaa-8496	67	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	67	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	67	19	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	67	20	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	67	21	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	67	22	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	67	23	5	5	NUM
epaa-8496	67	24	backgrounds	background	NOUN
epaa-8496	67	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	67	26	feldman	feldman	NOUN
epaa-8496	67	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	67	28	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	67	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	67	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	68	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	68	2	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	68	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	68	4	averaging	average	VERB
epaa-8496	68	5	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	68	6	over	over	ADP
epaa-8496	68	7	time	time	NOUN
epaa-8496	68	8	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	68	9	also	also	ADV
epaa-8496	68	10	prove	prove	VERB
epaa-8496	68	11	inequitable	inequitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	68	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	68	13	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-8496	68	14	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	68	15	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	68	16	fail	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	68	17	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	68	18	accurately	accurately	ADV
epaa-8496	68	19	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-8496	68	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	68	21	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	68	22	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-8496	68	23	abilities	ability	NOUN
epaa-8496	68	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	68	25	potentially	potentially	ADV
epaa-8496	68	26	disadvantaging	disadvantage	VERB
epaa-8496	68	27	those	those	PRON
epaa-8496	68	28	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	68	29	initially	initially	ADV
epaa-8496	68	30	struggled	struggle	VERB
epaa-8496	68	31	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-8496	68	32	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
epaa-8496	68	33	mastered	master	VERB
epaa-8496	68	34	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	68	35	content	content	NOUN
epaa-8496	68	36	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	68	37	feldman	feldman	PROPN
epaa-8496	68	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	68	39	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	68	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	68	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	69	1	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	69	2	illustrative	illustrative	ADJ
epaa-8496	69	3	examples	example	NOUN
epaa-8496	69	4	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
epaa-8496	69	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	69	6	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-8496	69	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	69	8	considering	consider	VERB
epaa-8496	69	9	shifts	shift	NOUN
epaa-8496	69	10	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-8496	69	11	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	69	12	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	69	13	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	69	14	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	69	15	within	within	ADP
epaa-8496	69	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	69	17	field	field	NOUN
epaa-8496	69	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	69	19	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	69	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	70	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	70	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	70	3	field	field	NOUN
epaa-8496	70	4	has	have	AUX
epaa-8496	70	5	seen	see	VERB
epaa-8496	70	6	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-8496	70	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	70	8	measuring	measure	VERB
epaa-8496	70	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	70	10	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	70	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	70	12	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	70	13	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	70	14	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	70	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	70	16	external	external	ADJ
epaa-8496	70	17	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-8496	70	18	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-8496	70	19	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	70	20	consulting	consult	VERB
epaa-8496	70	21	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	70	22	reveal	reveal	VERB
epaa-8496	70	23	compelling	compelling	ADJ
epaa-8496	70	24	advantages	advantage	NOUN
epaa-8496	70	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	71	1	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	71	2	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	71	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	71	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-8496	71	5	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-8496	71	6	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
epaa-8496	71	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	71	8	resistance	resistance	NOUN
epaa-8496	71	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	71	10	bias	bias	VERB
epaa-8496	71	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	71	12	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	71	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	71	14	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-8496	71	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	71	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	71	17	fostered	foster	VERB
epaa-8496	71	18	stronger	strong	ADJ
epaa-8496	71	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	71	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	71	21	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	71	22	relationships	relationship	NOUN
epaa-8496	71	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	71	24	feldman	feldman	NOUN
epaa-8496	71	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	71	26	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	71	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	71	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	72	1	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	72	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	72	3	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	72	5	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-8496	72	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	72	7	less	less	ADV
epaa-8496	72	8	stressful	stressful	ADJ
epaa-8496	72	9	classroom	classroom	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	10	environments	environment	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	72	12	reduced	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	72	13	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	14	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	72	16	minimized	minimized	ADJ
epaa-8496	72	17	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	18	inflation	inflation	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	72	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	72	21	disrupt	disrupt	VERB
epaa-8496	72	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	72	23	cycle	cycle	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	72	25	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	26	disparities	disparity	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	72	28	resulting	result	VERB
epaa-8496	72	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	72	30	grad	grad	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	31	es	es	ADP
epaa-8496	72	32	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	72	33	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	72	34	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-8496	72	35	align	align	VERB
epaa-8496	72	36	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	72	37	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	38	test	test	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	39	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-8496	72	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	72	41	feldman	feldman	PROPN
epaa-8496	72	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	72	43	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	72	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	72	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	73	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
epaa-8496	73	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	73	3	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	73	4	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	5	professor	professor	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	6	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	73	7	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	8	support	support	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	9	adopting	adopt	VERB
epaa-8496	73	10	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	73	11	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	73	12	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	13	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	73	14	allowing	allow	VERB
epaa-8496	73	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	16	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	73	17	retake	retake	VERB
epaa-8496	73	18	assessments	assessment	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	19	reduces	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	73	20	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	73	22	enhances	enhance	VERB
epaa-8496	73	23	self	self	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	73	25	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	73	27	reshaping	reshape	VERB
epaa-8496	73	28	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	73	29	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	73	31	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	73	33	nurturing	nurture	VERB
epaa-8496	73	34	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	73	35	sense	sense	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	73	37	fairness	fairness	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	73	39	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	40	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	73	41	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	73	42	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-8496	73	43	journey	journey	NOUN
epaa-8496	73	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	73	45	fernandez	fernandez	PROPN
epaa-8496	73	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	73	47	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	73	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	73	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	74	1	amidst	amidst	ADP
epaa-8496	74	2	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	74	3	promising	promise	VERB
epaa-8496	74	4	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	74	5	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	74	6	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	74	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	74	8	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	74	9	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	74	10	stands	stand	VERB
epaa-8496	74	11	out	out	ADP
epaa-8496	74	12	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	74	13	address	address	VERB
epaa-8496	74	14	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	74	15	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
epaa-8496	74	16	inaccuracies	inaccuracy	NOUN
epaa-8496	74	17	inherent	inherent	ADJ
epaa-8496	74	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	74	19	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	74	20	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-8496	74	21	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	74	22	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	74	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	75	1	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	75	3	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	75	4	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	75	6	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	75	7	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	75	8	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	75	10	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	75	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	75	12	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	13	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	75	14	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	15	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	75	17	anchors	anchor	VERB
epaa-8496	75	18	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	75	19	0	0	NUM
epaa-8496	75	20	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	75	21	100	100	NUM
epaa-8496	75	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	75	23	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	24	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	75	26	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-8496	75	27	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	75	28	50	50	NUM
epaa-8496	75	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	75	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	75	31	provides	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	75	32	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	33	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	75	34	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	75	35	valuable	valuable	ADJ
epaa-8496	75	36	tool	tool	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	37	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	75	38	address	address	VERB
epaa-8496	75	39	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	40	related	relate	VERB
epaa-8496	75	41	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	75	42	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	43	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	75	45	attrition	attrition	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	46	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	75	47	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	75	48	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	75	49	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	75	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	75	51	2009	2009	NUM
epaa-8496	75	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	75	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	76	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	76	2	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	76	3	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	76	4	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	76	5	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	76	6	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-8496	76	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	76	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	76	9	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	76	10	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-8496	76	11	restricts	restrict	VERB
epaa-8496	76	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	76	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	76	14	assigning	assign	VERB
epaa-8496	76	15	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	76	16	below	below	ADP
epaa-8496	76	17	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	76	18	specified	specify	VERB
epaa-8496	76	19	threshold	threshold	NOUN
epaa-8496	76	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	76	21	often	often	ADV
epaa-8496	76	22	set	set	VERB
epaa-8496	76	23	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	76	24	50	50	NUM
epaa-8496	76	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	76	26	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	76	27	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	76	28	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	76	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	76	30	2009	2009	NUM
epaa-8496	76	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	76	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	77	1	its	its	PRON
epaa-8496	77	2	origins	origin	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	3	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	77	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	77	5	traced	trace	VERB
epaa-8496	77	6	back	back	ADV
epaa-8496	77	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	77	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	77	9	need	need	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	10	t	t	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	11	o	o	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	12	tackle	tackle	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	13	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	14	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-8496	77	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	77	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	17	receiving	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	77	18	exceptionally	exceptionally	ADV
epaa-8496	77	19	low	low	ADJ
epaa-8496	77	20	first	first	ADJ
epaa-8496	77	21	-quarter	-quarter	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	22	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	77	24	which	which	PRON
epaa-8496	77	25	left	leave	VERB
epaa-8496	77	26	them	they	PRON
epaa-8496	77	27	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	77	28	little	little	ADJ
epaa-8496	77	29	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	77	31	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	77	32	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	77	33	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	77	35	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-8496	77	36	options	option	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	37	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	77	38	recovery	recovery	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	77	40	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	77	41	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	77	42	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	77	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	77	44	2009	2009	NUM
epaa-8496	77	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	77	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	78	1	many	many	ADJ
epaa-8496	78	2	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	78	3	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	78	4	struggle	struggle	VERB
epaa-8496	78	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	78	6	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	78	7	as	as	ADV
epaa-8496	78	8	much	much	ADJ
epaa-8496	78	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	78	10	content	content	NOUN
epaa-8496	78	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	78	12	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	78	13	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	78	14	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	78	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	78	16	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-8496	78	17	system	system	NOUN
epaa-8496	78	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	78	19	which	which	PRON
epaa-8496	78	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	78	21	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-8496	78	22	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	78	23	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	78	24	addresses	address	NOUN
epaa-8496	78	25	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	78	26	needs	need	NOUN
epaa-8496	78	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	78	28	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	78	29	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	78	30	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	78	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	78	32	2010	2010	NUM
epaa-8496	78	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	78	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	79	1	assigning	assign	VERB
epaa-8496	79	2	catastrophically	catastrophically	ADV
epaa-8496	79	3	low	low	ADJ
epaa-8496	79	4	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	79	5	early	early	ADV
epaa-8496	79	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	79	7	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	79	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	79	9	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	79	10	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	79	11	trigger	trigger	VERB
epaa-8496	79	12	defensive	defensive	ADJ
epaa-8496	79	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	79	14	often	often	ADV
epaa-8496	79	15	self	self	NOUN
epaa-8496	79	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	79	17	destructive	destructive	ADJ
epaa-8496	79	18	responses	response	NOUN
epaa-8496	79	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	79	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	79	21	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	79	22	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	79	23	single	single	ADJ
epaa-8496	79	24	catastrophic	catastrophic	ADJ
epaa-8496	79	25	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	79	26	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	79	27	suddenly	suddenly	ADV
epaa-8496	79	28	stop	stop	VERB
epaa-8496	79	29	even	even	ADV
epaa-8496	79	30	motivated	motivated	ADJ
epaa-8496	79	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	79	32	engaged	engaged	ADJ
epaa-8496	79	33	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	79	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	79	35	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	79	36	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	79	37	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	79	38	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	79	39	2010	2010	NUM
epaa-8496	79	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	79	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	80	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-8496	80	2	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	80	3	single	single	ADJ
epaa-8496	80	4	solution	solution	NOUN
epaa-8496	80	5	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	80	6	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
epaa-8496	80	7	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	80	8	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	80	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	80	10	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	80	11	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	80	12	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	80	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	80	14	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	80	15	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-8496	80	16	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	80	17	strategy	strategy	NOUN
epaa-8496	80	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	80	19	addressing	address	VERB
epaa-8496	80	20	early	early	ADJ
epaa-8496	80	21	catastrophic	catastrophic	ADJ
epaa-8496	80	22	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	80	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	80	24	offering	offer	VERB
epaa-8496	80	25	struggling	struggle	VERB
epaa-8496	80	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	80	27	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	80	28	better	well	ADJ
epaa-8496	80	29	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-8496	80	30	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	80	31	recover	recover	VERB
epaa-8496	80	32	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	80	33	suffering	suffer	VERB
epaa-8496	80	34	undue	undue	ADJ
epaa-8496	80	35	punishment	punishment	NOUN
epaa-8496	80	36	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	80	37	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	80	38	setbacks	setback	NOUN
epaa-8496	80	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	80	40	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	80	41	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	80	42	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	80	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	80	44	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	80	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	80	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	81	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	81	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	81	3	primary	primary	ADJ
epaa-8496	81	4	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	81	6	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	7	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	8	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	81	9	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	81	10	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	81	11	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	81	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	13	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	81	14	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	81	15	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
epaa-8496	81	16	fail	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	81	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	81	18	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	81	19	aims	aim	VERB
epaa-8496	81	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	81	21	mi	mi	PROPN
epaa-8496	81	22	tigate	tigate	VERB
epaa-8496	81	23	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	81	24	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	81	26	extreme	extreme	ADJ
epaa-8496	81	27	outliers	outlier	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	81	29	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	81	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	81	31	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-8496	81	32	benefiting	benefit	VERB
epaa-8496	81	33	disadvantaged	disadvantaged	ADJ
epaa-8496	81	34	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	35	facing	face	VERB
epaa-8496	81	36	disruptions	disruption	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	37	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-8496	81	38	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	39	hours	hour	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	81	41	preserving	preserve	VERB
epaa-8496	81	42	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	43	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	81	44	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	45	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	81	46	engagement	engagement	NOUN
epaa-8496	81	47	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	81	48	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	81	49	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	81	50	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	81	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	81	52	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	81	53	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	81	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	82	1	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	82	2	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	82	3	challenges	challenge	VERB
epaa-8496	82	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	82	5	punitive	punitive	ADJ
epaa-8496	82	6	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-8496	82	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	82	8	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	82	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	82	10	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-8496	82	11	douglas	douglas	PROPN
epaa-8496	82	12	reeves	reeves	PROPN
epaa-8496	82	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	82	14	2004	2004	NUM
epaa-8496	82	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	82	16	argues	argue	VERB
epaa-8496	82	17	against	against	ADP
epaa-8496	82	18	using	use	VERB
epaa-8496	82	19	zeros	zero	NOUN
epaa-8496	82	20	due	due	ADP
epaa-8496	82	21	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	82	22	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	82	23	misalignment	misalignment	NOUN
epaa-8496	82	24	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	82	25	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	82	26	0	0	NUM
epaa-8496	82	27	-100	-100	NUM
epaa-8496	82	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	82	29	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	82	30	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	82	31	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	82	32	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	82	33	a	a	PROPN
epaa-8496	82	34	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	82	35	f	f	NOUN
epaa-8496	82	36	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	82	37	system	system	NOUN
epaa-8496	82	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	83	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	83	2	first	first	ADJ
epaa-8496	83	3	letters	letter	NOUN
epaa-8496	83	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	83	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	83	6	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	83	7	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	83	8	remain	remain	VERB
epaa-8496	83	9	10	10	NUM
epaa-8496	83	10	points	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	83	11	between	between	ADP
epaa-8496	83	12	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	83	13	another	another	DET
epaa-8496	83	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	83	15	yet	yet	CCONJ
epaa-8496	83	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	83	17	last	last	ADJ
epaa-8496	83	18	letter	letter	NOUN
epaa-8496	83	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	83	20	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	83	21	f	f	PROPN
epaa-8496	83	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	83	23	receives	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	83	24	60	60	NUM
epaa-8496	83	25	points	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	83	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	83	27	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	83	28	possibilities	possibility	NOUN
epaa-8496	83	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	83	30	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	83	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	84	1	he	he	PRON
epaa-8496	84	2	argues	argue	VERB
epaa-8496	84	3	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	84	4	should	should	AUX
epaa-8496	84	5	n't	not	PART
epaa-8496	84	6	cover	cover	VERB
epaa-8496	84	7	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	84	8	disproportionate	disproportionate	ADJ
epaa-8496	84	9	three	three	NUM
epaa-8496	84	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	84	11	fifths	fifth	NOUN
epaa-8496	84	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	84	13	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	84	14	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	84	15	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	84	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	84	17	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	84	18	only	only	ADV
epaa-8496	84	19	two	two	NUM
epaa-8496	84	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	84	21	fifths	fifth	NOUN
epaa-8496	84	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	84	23	reeves	reeve	NOUN
epaa-8496	84	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	84	25	2004	2004	NUM
epaa-8496	84	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	84	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	85	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	85	2	reeves	reeve	NOUN
epaa-8496	85	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	85	4	2004	2004	NUM
epaa-8496	85	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	85	6	notes	note	VERB
epaa-8496	85	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	85	8	many	many	ADJ
epaa-8496	85	9	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-8496	85	10	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	85	11	too	too	ADV
epaa-8496	85	12	invested	invest	VERB
epaa-8496	85	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	85	14	utilizing	utilize	VERB
epaa-8496	85	15	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	85	16	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
epaa-8496	85	17	0	0	NUM
epaa-8496	85	18	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	85	19	zero	zero	NUM
epaa-8496	85	20	work	work	NOUN
epaa-8496	85	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	85	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	85	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	85	24	might	might	AUX
epaa-8496	85	25	favor	favor	VERB
epaa-8496	85	26	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	85	27	0	0	NUM
epaa-8496	85	28	-4	-4	ADJ
epaa-8496	85	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	85	30	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	85	31	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	85	32	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	85	33	due	due	ADJ
epaa-8496	85	34	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	85	35	this	this	PRON
epaa-8496	85	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	85	37	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	85	38	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	85	39	still	still	ADV
epaa-8496	85	40	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	85	41	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	85	42	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	85	43	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	85	44	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	85	45	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	85	46	zero	zero	NUM
epaa-8496	85	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	85	48	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	85	49	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	85	50	less	less	ADV
epaa-8496	85	51	motivated	motivated	ADJ
epaa-8496	85	52	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	85	53	guskey	guskey	PROPN
epaa-8496	85	54	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	85	55	bailey	bailey	PROPN
epaa-8496	85	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	85	57	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-8496	85	58	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	85	59	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	86	1	other	other	ADJ
epaa-8496	86	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	86	3	reformers	reformer	NOUN
epaa-8496	86	4	propose	propose	VERB
epaa-8496	86	5	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-8496	86	6	-based	-based	ADJ
epaa-8496	86	7	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	86	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	86	9	sbg	sbg	NOUN
epaa-8496	86	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	86	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	86	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	86	13	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	86	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	86	15	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	86	16	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	86	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	87	1	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	87	2	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	87	3	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	1	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	88	2	6	6	NUM
epaa-8496	88	3	only	only	ADV
epaa-8496	88	4	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	88	5	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	88	7	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	88	8	content	content	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	9	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	10	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	88	11	marks	mark	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	88	13	soft	soft	ADJ
epaa-8496	88	14	skills	skill	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	15	included	include	VERB
epaa-8496	88	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	88	17	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	88	18	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	88	19	alternative	alternative	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	20	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	88	21	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	88	22	0	0	NUM
epaa-8496	88	23	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	88	24	100	100	NUM
epaa-8496	88	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	88	26	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	27	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	88	28	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	29	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	88	30	help	help	VERB
epaa-8496	88	31	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	32	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-8496	88	33	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	88	34	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	88	35	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	88	36	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	88	38	brookhart	brookhart	NOUN
epaa-8496	88	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	88	40	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	88	41	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	88	42	guskey	guskey	ADJ
epaa-8496	88	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	88	44	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	88	45	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	88	46	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	88	47	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	88	48	barton	barton	PROPN
epaa-8496	88	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	88	50	2022	2022	NUM
epaa-8496	88	51	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	88	52	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	89	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
epaa-8496	89	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	89	3	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-8496	89	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	89	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	89	6	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	89	7	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	89	8	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	89	9	caution	caution	NOUN
epaa-8496	89	10	against	against	ADP
epaa-8496	89	11	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
epaa-8496	89	12	manipulations	manipulation	NOUN
epaa-8496	89	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	89	14	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	89	15	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	89	16	scale	scale	NOUN
epaa-8496	89	17	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	89	18	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	89	19	overhaul	overhaul	NOUN
epaa-8496	89	20	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	89	21	reexplain	reexplain	VERB
epaa-8496	89	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	89	23	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-8496	89	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	89	25	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	89	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	89	27	bowden	bowden	PROPN
epaa-8496	89	28	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	89	29	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	89	30	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	89	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	89	32	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	89	33	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	89	34	guskey	guskey	ADJ
epaa-8496	89	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	89	36	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	89	37	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	89	38	stiggins	stiggin	NOUN
epaa-8496	89	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	89	40	2005	2005	NUM
epaa-8496	89	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	89	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	90	1	some	some	DET
epaa-8496	90	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	90	3	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	90	4	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-8496	90	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	90	6	redefining	redefine	VERB
epaa-8496	90	7	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	90	8	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-8496	90	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	90	10	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	90	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	90	12	all	all	DET
epaa-8496	90	13	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
epaa-8496	90	14	involved	involve	VERB
epaa-8496	90	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	90	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	90	17	crucial	crucial	ADJ
epaa-8496	90	18	step	step	NOUN
epaa-8496	90	19	necessary	necessary	ADJ
epaa-8496	90	20	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	90	21	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-8496	90	22	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-8496	90	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	90	24	brookhart	brookhart	NOUN
epaa-8496	90	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	90	26	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	90	27	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	90	28	guskey	guskey	ADJ
epaa-8496	90	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	90	30	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	90	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	90	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	91	1	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	91	3	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	91	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	91	5	2009	2009	NUM
epaa-8496	91	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	91	7	started	start	VERB
epaa-8496	91	8	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	91	9	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	10	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	91	11	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	12	based	base	VERB
epaa-8496	91	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	91	14	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	91	16	noting	note	VERB
epaa-8496	91	17	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	91	18	lack	lack	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	91	20	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	21	exploring	explore	VERB
epaa-8496	91	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	91	23	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	91	25	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	26	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	91	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	91	29	most	most	ADJ
epaa-8496	91	30	proponents	proponent	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	31	only	only	ADV
epaa-8496	91	32	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-8496	91	33	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	91	34	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	91	35	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	36	through	through	ADP
epaa-8496	91	37	hypothetical	hypothetical	ADJ
epaa-8496	91	38	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	91	39	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
epaa-8496	91	40	arguments	argument	NOUN
epaa-8496	91	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	92	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	3	then	then	ADV
epaa-8496	92	4	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	92	5	various	various	ADJ
epaa-8496	92	6	models	model	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	92	8	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	10	including	include	VERB
epaa-8496	92	11	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	12	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	14	locus	locus	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	92	16	co	co	ADJ
epaa-8496	92	17	ntrol	ntrol	PROPN
epaa-8496	92	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	19	attribution	attribution	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	20	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	22	self	self	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	24	worth	worth	ADJ
epaa-8496	92	25	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	92	28	self	self	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	29	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	30	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	32	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	92	33	all	all	PRON
epaa-8496	92	34	predict	predict	VERB
epaa-8496	92	35	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	92	36	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-8496	92	37	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	92	38	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	39	--	--	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	40	such	such	ADJ
epaa-8496	92	41	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	92	42	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	92	43	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	92	44	effort	effort	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	46	using	use	VERB
epaa-8496	92	47	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	48	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	92	49	rewards	reward	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	50	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	92	51	punishments	punishment	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	53	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	92	54	assigning	assign	VERB
epaa-8496	92	55	punishingly	punishingly	ADV
epaa-8496	92	56	low	low	ADJ
epaa-8496	92	57	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	58	--	--	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	59	often	often	ADV
epaa-8496	92	60	both	both	PRON
epaa-8496	92	61	encourage	encourage	VERB
epaa-8496	92	62	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	92	63	produce	produce	VERB
epaa-8496	92	64	results	result	NOUN
epaa-8496	92	65	opposite	opposite	ADJ
epaa-8496	92	66	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	92	67	those	those	DET
epaa-8496	92	68	intended	intend	VERB
epaa-8496	92	69	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	70	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	92	71	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	92	72	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	92	73	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	74	2010	2010	NUM
epaa-8496	92	75	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	92	76	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	93	1	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	93	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	93	3	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	93	4	then	then	ADV
epaa-8496	93	5	bolster	bolster	VERB
epaa-8496	93	6	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	93	7	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
epaa-8496	93	8	arguments	argument	NOUN
epaa-8496	93	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	93	10	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
epaa-8496	93	11	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	93	12	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	93	13	support	support	VERB
epaa-8496	93	14	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	93	15	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	93	16	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	93	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	94	1	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	94	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	94	3	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	94	4	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	94	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	94	6	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	94	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	94	8	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
epaa-8496	94	9	seven	seven	NUM
epaa-8496	94	10	-year	-year	NOUN
epaa-8496	94	11	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	94	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	94	13	simulating	simulate	VERB
epaa-8496	94	14	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	94	15	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	94	16	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	94	17	yielded	yield	VERB
epaa-8496	94	18	compelling	compelling	ADJ
epaa-8496	94	19	results	result	NOUN
epaa-8496	94	20	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-8496	94	21	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	94	22	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	94	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	94	24	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	94	25	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	94	26	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	94	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	95	1	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	95	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	95	3	found	find	VERB
epaa-8496	95	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	95	5	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	95	6	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-8496	95	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	95	8	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	95	9	inflation	inflation	NOUN
epaa-8496	95	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	95	11	social	social	ADJ
epaa-8496	95	12	promotion	promotion	NOUN
epaa-8496	95	13	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	95	14	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	95	15	found	find	VERB
epaa-8496	95	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	95	17	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	95	18	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-8496	95	19	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	95	20	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	95	21	was	be	AUX
epaa-8496	95	22	implemented	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	95	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	96	1	applying	apply	VERB
epaa-8496	96	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	96	3	minimu	minimu	NOUN
epaa-8496	96	4	m	m	NOUN
epaa-8496	96	5	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	96	6	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	96	7	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	96	8	macro	macro	ADJ
epaa-8496	96	9	level	level	NOUN
epaa-8496	96	10	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	96	11	mid	mid	ADJ
epaa-8496	96	12	-	-	NOUN
epaa-8496	96	13	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	96	14	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	96	15	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	96	16	8.4	8.4	NUM
epaa-8496	96	17	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	96	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	96	19	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	96	20	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	96	21	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	96	22	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	96	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	97	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
epaa-8496	97	2	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	97	3	mere	mere	ADJ
epaa-8496	97	4	0.3	0.3	NUM
epaa-8496	97	5	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	97	7	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	97	9	initial	initial	ADJ
epaa-8496	97	10	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	97	11	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	97	13	50	50	NUM
epaa-8496	97	14	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
epaa-8496	97	15	achieving	achieve	VERB
epaa-8496	97	16	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	97	17	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	18	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	97	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	21	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	97	22	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	97	23	had	have	AUX
epaa-8496	97	24	received	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	97	25	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	97	26	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	27	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-8496	97	28	outperformed	outperform	VERB
epaa-8496	97	29	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	97	30	peers	peer	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	31	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	97	32	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	33	standardized	standardize	VERB
epaa-8496	97	34	tests	test	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	97	36	even	even	ADV
epaa-8496	97	37	after	after	ADP
epaa-8496	97	38	adjusting	adjust	VERB
epaa-8496	97	39	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	97	40	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	41	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	42	averages	average	NOUN
epaa-8496	97	43	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	98	1	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	98	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	98	3	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	98	4	’s	’s	PART
epaa-8496	98	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	98	6	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	98	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	98	8	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	98	9	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	98	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	98	11	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-8496	98	12	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	98	13	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	98	14	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	98	15	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-8496	98	16	underreport	underreport	VERB
epaa-8496	98	17	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	98	18	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	98	19	abilities	ability	NOUN
epaa-8496	98	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	98	21	struggling	struggle	VERB
epaa-8496	98	22	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	98	23	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-8496	98	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	98	25	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	98	26	better	well	ADJ
epaa-8496	98	27	-performing	-performing	ADJ
epaa-8496	98	28	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
epaa-8496	98	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	99	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
epaa-8496	99	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	99	3	carey	carey	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	99	5	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	99	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	99	7	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	99	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	99	9	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	99	10	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	99	11	financia	financia	PROPN
epaa-8496	99	12	l	l	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	13	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	99	15	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	16	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	99	18	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	99	19	article	article	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	99	21	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	99	22	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	99	24	finding	find	VERB
epaa-8496	99	25	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	99	26	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	99	27	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	28	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	99	29	examined	examine	VERB
epaa-8496	99	30	saved	save	VERB
epaa-8496	99	31	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	99	32	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-8496	99	33	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	99	35	including	include	VERB
epaa-8496	99	36	approximately	approximately	ADV
epaa-8496	99	37	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	99	38	150,000	150,000	NUM
epaa-8496	99	39	annually	annually	ADV
epaa-8496	99	40	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	99	41	summer	summer	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	42	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	43	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	44	alone	alone	ADV
epaa-8496	99	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	99	46	totaling	total	VERB
epaa-8496	99	47	over	over	ADP
epaa-8496	99	48	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	99	49	1,000,000	1,000,000	NUM
epaa-8496	99	50	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	99	51	savings	saving	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	52	over	over	ADP
epaa-8496	99	53	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	99	54	seven	seven	NUM
epaa-8496	99	55	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	56	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	99	57	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	99	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	100	1	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	100	2	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	3	highlight	highlight	VERB
epaa-8496	100	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	100	5	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	100	7	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	8	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	100	9	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	10	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	100	11	benefit	benefit	VERB
epaa-8496	100	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	13	academically	academically	ADV
epaa-8496	100	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	100	15	contribute	contribute	VERB
epaa-8496	100	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	100	17	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-8496	100	18	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	19	savings	saving	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	100	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	22	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	100	24	making	make	VERB
epaa-8496	100	25	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	100	26	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	100	27	compelling	compelling	ADJ
epaa-8496	100	28	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	100	30	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	31	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	32	seeking	seek	VERB
epaa-8496	100	33	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	100	34	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	100	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	101	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	101	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	101	3	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	101	4	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	101	5	challenged	challenge	VERB
epaa-8496	101	6	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	101	7	own	own	ADJ
epaa-8496	101	8	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	101	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	101	10	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	101	11	later	later	ADJ
epaa-8496	101	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	101	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	101	14	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	101	15	same	same	ADJ
epaa-8496	101	16	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	101	17	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	101	18	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-8496	101	19	even	even	ADV
epaa-8496	101	20	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	101	21	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-8496	101	22	savings	saving	NOUN
epaa-8496	101	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	102	1	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	102	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	102	3	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	102	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	102	5	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	102	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	102	7	suggested	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	102	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	102	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	102	10	yearly	yearly	ADJ
epaa-8496	102	11	savings	saving	NOUN
epaa-8496	102	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	102	13	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	102	14	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	102	15	amounted	amount	VERB
epaa-8496	102	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	102	17	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	102	18	285,000	285,000	NUM
epaa-8496	102	19	fo	fo	ADP
epaa-8496	102	20	r	r	NOUN
epaa-8496	102	21	142	142	NUM
epaa-8496	102	22	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	102	23	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	102	24	did	do	AUX
epaa-8496	102	25	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	102	26	need	need	VERB
epaa-8496	102	27	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	102	28	retake	retake	VERB
epaa-8496	102	29	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	102	30	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	102	31	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	102	32	had	have	AUX
epaa-8496	102	33	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	102	34	initially	initially	ADV
epaa-8496	102	35	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	102	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	102	37	equating	equate	VERB
epaa-8496	102	38	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	102	39	roughly	roughly	ADV
epaa-8496	102	40	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	102	41	2,000,000	2,000,000	NUM
epaa-8496	102	42	over	over	ADP
epaa-8496	102	43	seven	seven	NUM
epaa-8496	102	44	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	102	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	103	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	103	2	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	103	3	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	103	4	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	103	5	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	103	6	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
epaa-8496	103	7	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-8496	103	8	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	103	9	inequities	inequity	NOUN
epaa-8496	103	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	103	11	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	103	12	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	103	13	shown	show	VERB
epaa-8496	103	14	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	103	15	offer	offer	VERB
epaa-8496	103	16	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	103	17	safeguard	safeguard	NOUN
epaa-8496	103	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	103	19	mitigating	mitigate	VERB
epaa-8496	103	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	103	21	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	103	22	inherent	inherent	ADJ
epaa-8496	103	23	biases	bias	NOUN
epaa-8496	103	24	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	103	25	assessing	assess	VERB
epaa-8496	103	26	substandard	substandard	ADJ
epaa-8496	103	27	work	work	NOUN
epaa-8496	103	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	104	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	104	2	has	have	AUX
epaa-8496	104	3	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-8496	104	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	104	5	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	104	6	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	104	7	minimizes	minimize	VERB
epaa-8496	104	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	104	9	catastrophic	catastrophic	ADJ
epaa-8496	104	10	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	104	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	104	12	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	104	13	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	104	14	reducing	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	104	15	punitive	punitive	ADJ
epaa-8496	104	16	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-8496	104	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	104	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	104	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	104	20	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	104	21	them	they	PRON
epaa-8496	104	22	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	104	23	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	104	24	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-8496	104	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	104	26	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-8496	104	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	104	28	development	development	NOUN
epaa-8496	104	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	104	30	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	104	31	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	104	32	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	104	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	104	34	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	104	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	104	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	105	1	although	although	SCONJ
epaa-8496	105	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	105	3	probability	probability	NOUN
epaa-8496	105	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	105	5	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	105	6	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	105	7	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	105	8	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	105	9	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	105	10	still	still	ADV
epaa-8496	105	11	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	105	12	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	105	13	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	105	14	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	105	15	quarter	quarter	NOUN
epaa-8496	105	16	remains	remain	VERB
epaa-8496	105	17	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	105	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	105	19	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	105	20	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	105	21	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	105	22	disproportionately	disproportionately	ADV
epaa-8496	105	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	105	24	unfairly	unfairly	ADV
epaa-8496	105	25	so	so	ADV
epaa-8496	105	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	105	27	allowing	allow	VERB
epaa-8496	105	28	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	105	29	success	success	NOUN
epaa-8496	105	30	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	105	31	past	past	NOUN
epaa-8496	105	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	105	33	future	future	ADJ
epaa-8496	105	34	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-8496	105	35	reflects	reflect	VERB
epaa-8496	105	36	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	105	37	-quality	-quality	NOUN
epaa-8496	105	38	work	work	NOUN
epaa-8496	105	39	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	105	40	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	105	41	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	105	42	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	105	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	105	44	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	105	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	105	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	106	1	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	106	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	106	3	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	106	4	’s	’s	PART
epaa-8496	106	5	work	work	NOUN
epaa-8496	106	6	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-8496	106	7	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	106	8	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
epaa-8496	106	9	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	106	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	106	11	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	106	12	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	106	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	106	14	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	106	15	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-8496	106	16	savings	saving	NOUN
epaa-8496	106	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	106	18	promoting	promote	VERB
epaa-8496	106	19	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	106	20	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	106	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	106	22	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	106	23	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	106	24	development	development	NOUN
epaa-8496	106	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	106	26	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-8496	106	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	107	1	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	107	3	7	7	NUM
epaa-8496	107	4	critics	critic	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	107	6	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	7	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	8	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	107	9	expressed	express	VERB
epaa-8496	107	10	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	107	12	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	107	13	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	14	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	107	15	inadvertently	inadvertently	ADV
epaa-8496	107	16	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-8496	107	17	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	107	18	competency	competency	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	19	requirements	requirement	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	107	21	contribute	contribute	VERB
epaa-8496	107	22	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	107	23	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-8496	107	24	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	25	inflation	inflation	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	107	27	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	28	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	107	29	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	107	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	107	31	2009	2009	NUM
epaa-8496	107	32	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	107	33	freiss	freiss	NOUN
epaa-8496	107	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	107	35	2008	2008	NUM
epaa-8496	107	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	107	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	108	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	108	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	108	3	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	108	4	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	108	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	108	6	carey	carey	NOUN
epaa-8496	108	7	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	108	8	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-8496	108	9	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-8496	108	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	108	11	criticism	criticism	NOUN
epaa-8496	108	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	108	13	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	108	14	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	108	15	has	have	AUX
epaa-8496	108	16	largely	largely	ADV
epaa-8496	108	17	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	108	18	been	be	AUX
epaa-8496	108	19	supported	support	VERB
epaa-8496	108	20	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	108	21	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-8496	108	22	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-8496	108	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	109	1	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	109	2	working	work	VERB
epaa-8496	109	3	paper	paper	NOUN
epaa-8496	109	4	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	109	5	bowden	bowden	PROPN
epaa-8496	109	6	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	109	7	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	109	8	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	110	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	110	2	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	110	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	110	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	110	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	110	6	only	only	ADV
epaa-8496	110	7	empirically	empirically	ADV
epaa-8496	110	8	supported	support	VERB
epaa-8496	110	9	case	case	NOUN
epaa-8496	110	10	against	against	ADP
epaa-8496	110	11	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	110	12	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	110	13	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	110	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	111	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	111	2	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	3	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	111	4	report	report	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	5	assumes	assume	VERB
epaa-8496	111	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	111	7	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	111	8	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	111	10	gpa	gpa	PROPN
epaa-8496	111	11	should	should	AUX
epaa-8496	111	12	equate	equate	VERB
epaa-8496	111	13	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	111	14	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	111	15	cha	cha	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	16	nge	nge	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	111	18	test	test	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	19	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	111	21	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-8496	111	22	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	111	23	framework	framework	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	24	overlooks	overlook	VERB
epaa-8496	111	25	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	111	26	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	111	28	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	29	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	30	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	111	31	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	111	32	calibrator	calibrator	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	33	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	111	34	course	course	VERB
epaa-8496	111	35	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	36	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	111	37	gpas	gpa	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	111	39	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	111	40	attempt	attempt	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	41	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	111	42	reflect	reflect	VERB
epaa-8496	111	43	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	44	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	111	45	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-8496	111	46	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-8496	111	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	112	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
epaa-8496	112	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	112	3	insights	insight	NOUN
epaa-8496	112	4	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	112	5	three	three	NUM
epaa-8496	112	6	separate	separate	ADJ
epaa-8496	112	7	dissertations	dissertation	NOUN
epaa-8496	112	8	shed	shed	VERB
epaa-8496	112	9	light	light	NOUN
epaa-8496	112	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	112	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	112	12	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	112	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	112	14	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-8496	112	15	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	112	16	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
epaa-8496	112	17	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-8496	112	18	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	112	19	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	112	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	113	1	long	long	PROPN
epaa-8496	113	2	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	113	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	113	4	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	113	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	113	6	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
epaa-8496	113	7	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	113	8	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-8496	113	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	113	10	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	113	11	low	low	ADV
epaa-8496	113	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	113	13	achieving	achieve	VERB
epaa-8496	113	14	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	113	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	113	16	southern	southern	PROPN
epaa-8496	113	17	nevada	nevada	PROPN
epaa-8496	113	18	revealed	reveal	VERB
epaa-8496	113	19	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	113	20	preference	preference	NOUN
epaa-8496	113	21	among	among	ADP
epaa-8496	113	22	administrators	administrator	NOUN
epaa-8496	113	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	113	24	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	113	25	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	113	26	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	113	27	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	113	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	114	1	nonetheless	nonetheless	ADV
epaa-8496	114	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	114	3	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-8496	114	4	among	among	ADP
epaa-8496	114	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	114	6	pe	pe	PROPN
epaa-8496	114	7	rsisted	rsiste	VERB
epaa-8496	114	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	114	9	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	114	10	worries	worry	NOUN
epaa-8496	114	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	114	12	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	114	13	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	114	14	might	might	AUX
epaa-8496	114	15	compromise	compromise	VERB
epaa-8496	114	16	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	114	17	agency	agency	NOUN
epaa-8496	114	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	114	19	accountability	accountability	NOUN
epaa-8496	114	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	114	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	114	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	114	23	provision	provision	NOUN
epaa-8496	114	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	114	25	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
epaa-8496	114	26	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-8496	114	27	information	information	NOUN
epaa-8496	114	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	114	29	long	long	ADV
epaa-8496	114	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	114	31	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	114	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	114	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	115	1	another	another	DET
epaa-8496	115	2	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	115	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	115	4	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-8496	115	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	115	6	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	115	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	115	8	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	115	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	115	10	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	115	11	adequate	adequate	ADJ
epaa-8496	115	12	preparation	preparation	NOUN
epaa-8496	115	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	115	14	training	training	NOUN
epaa-8496	115	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	115	16	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	115	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	115	18	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	115	19	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	115	20	system	system	NOUN
epaa-8496	115	21	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	115	22	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	115	23	foster	foster	VERB
epaa-8496	115	24	positivity	positivity	NOUN
epaa-8496	115	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	115	26	success	success	NOUN
epaa-8496	115	27	within	within	ADP
epaa-8496	115	28	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	115	29	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-8496	115	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	116	1	such	such	ADJ
epaa-8496	116	2	support	support	NOUN
epaa-8496	116	3	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	116	4	empower	empower	VERB
epaa-8496	116	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	116	6	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	116	7	implement	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	116	8	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-8496	116	9	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	116	10	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	116	11	benefit	benefit	VERB
epaa-8496	116	12	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	116	13	confidence	confidence	NOUN
epaa-8496	116	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	116	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	116	16	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	116	17	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-8496	116	18	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	116	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	117	1	williams	williams	PROPN
epaa-8496	117	2	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	117	3	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	117	4	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	117	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	117	6	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
epaa-8496	117	7	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	117	8	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	117	9	indicated	indicate	VERB
epaa-8496	117	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	117	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	117	12	generally	generally	ADV
epaa-8496	117	13	agree	agree	VERB
epaa-8496	117	14	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	117	15	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	117	16	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	117	17	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	117	18	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	117	19	has	have	AUX
epaa-8496	117	20	been	be	AUX
epaa-8496	117	21	suboptimal	suboptimal	ADJ
epaa-8496	117	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	117	23	has	have	AUX
epaa-8496	117	24	altered	alter	VERB
epaa-8496	117	25	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	117	26	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-8496	117	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	117	28	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	117	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	117	30	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	117	31	purpose	purpose	NOUN
epaa-8496	117	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	117	33	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	117	34	itself	itself	PRON
epaa-8496	117	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	118	1	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	118	2	diverse	diverse	ADJ
epaa-8496	118	3	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
epaa-8496	118	4	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	118	5	valuable	valuable	ADJ
epaa-8496	118	6	insights	insight	NOUN
epaa-8496	118	7	into	into	ADP
epaa-8496	118	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	118	9	practical	practical	ADJ
epaa-8496	118	10	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-8496	118	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	118	12	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	118	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	118	14	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	118	15	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	118	16	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	118	17	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	118	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	119	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	119	2	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	119	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	119	4	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	119	5	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	119	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	119	7	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	119	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	119	9	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	119	10	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	119	11	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	119	12	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-8496	119	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	119	14	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	119	15	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	119	16	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	119	17	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	119	18	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	119	19	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	119	20	journey	journey	NOUN
epaa-8496	119	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	119	22	garnering	garner	VERB
epaa-8496	119	23	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-8496	119	24	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	119	25	both	both	DET
epaa-8496	119	26	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	119	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	119	28	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-8496	119	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	120	1	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	120	2	c	c	PROPN
epaa-8496	120	3	ritical	ritical	ADJ
epaa-8496	120	4	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	120	5	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	120	6	shape	shape	VERB
epaa-8496	120	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	120	8	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	120	9	future	future	ADJ
epaa-8496	120	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	120	11	paths	path	NOUN
epaa-8496	120	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	120	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	120	14	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	120	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	120	16	often	often	ADV
epaa-8496	120	17	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-8496	120	18	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	120	19	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	120	20	make	make	VERB
epaa-8496	120	21	-or	-or	NOUN
epaa-8496	120	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	120	23	break	break	NOUN
epaa-8496	120	24	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	120	25	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	120	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	120	27	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	120	28	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	120	29	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	120	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	120	31	college	college	NOUN
epaa-8496	120	32	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
epaa-8496	120	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	120	34	allensworth	allensworth	PROPN
epaa-8496	120	35	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	120	36	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	120	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	120	38	2007	2007	NUM
epaa-8496	120	39	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	120	40	phillips	phillip	NOUN
epaa-8496	120	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	120	42	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	120	43	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	120	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	121	1	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	121	2	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-8496	121	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	121	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	121	5	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	121	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	121	7	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-8496	121	8	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	121	9	consortium	consortium	NOUN
epaa-8496	121	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	121	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	121	12	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	121	13	highlights	highlight	VERB
epaa-8496	121	14	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	121	15	strong	strong	ADJ
epaa-8496	121	16	correlation	correlation	NOUN
epaa-8496	121	17	between	between	ADP
epaa-8496	121	18	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	121	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	121	20	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	121	21	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	121	22	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	121	23	averages	average	NOUN
epaa-8496	121	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	121	25	gpas	gpas	PROPN
epaa-8496	121	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	121	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	121	28	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
epaa-8496	121	29	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	121	30	achievements	achievement	NOUN
epaa-8496	121	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	121	32	allensworth	allensworth	NOUN
epaa-8496	121	33	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	121	34	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	121	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	121	36	2007	2007	NUM
epaa-8496	121	37	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	121	38	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	121	39	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	121	40	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	121	41	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	121	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	121	43	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	121	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	121	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	122	1	other	other	ADJ
epaa-8496	122	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	122	3	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	122	4	found	find	VERB
epaa-8496	122	5	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	122	6	addressing	address	VERB
epaa-8496	122	7	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	122	8	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	122	9	early	early	ADV
epaa-8496	122	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	122	11	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	122	12	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	122	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	122	14	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	122	15	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	122	16	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	122	17	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-8496	122	18	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	122	19	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	122	20	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	122	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	122	22	as	as	ADV
epaa-8496	122	23	well	well	ADV
epaa-8496	122	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	122	25	balfanz	balfanz	PROPN
epaa-8496	122	26	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	122	27	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	122	28	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	122	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	122	30	2007	2007	NUM
epaa-8496	122	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	122	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	123	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	123	2	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-8496	123	3	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	123	4	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	123	6	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	123	7	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	123	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	123	9	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	10	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	11	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	123	12	gpa	gpa	PROPN
epaa-8496	123	13	explains	explain	VERB
epaa-8496	123	14	nearly	nearly	ADV
epaa-8496	123	15	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	123	16	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	123	18	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	123	19	variation	variation	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	123	21	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	123	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	23	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	24	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	123	26	surpassing	surpass	VERB
epaa-8496	123	27	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	123	28	ex	ex	ADJ
epaa-8496	123	29	planatory	planatory	ADJ
epaa-8496	123	30	power	power	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	31	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	123	32	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	33	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	123	34	gender	gender	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	123	36	race	race	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	123	38	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
epaa-8496	123	39	status	status	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	123	41	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	123	42	prior	prior	ADJ
epaa-8496	123	43	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	123	45	which	which	PRON
epaa-8496	123	46	collectively	collectively	ADV
epaa-8496	123	47	account	account	VERB
epaa-8496	123	48	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	123	49	only	only	ADV
epaa-8496	123	50	12	12	NUM
epaa-8496	123	51	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	52	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	123	53	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	123	54	variation	variation	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	55	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	123	56	allensworth	allensworth	NOUN
epaa-8496	123	57	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	123	58	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	123	59	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	123	60	2007	2007	NUM
epaa-8496	123	61	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	123	62	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	1	notably	notably	ADV
epaa-8496	124	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	3	even	even	ADV
epaa-8496	124	4	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	124	5	single	single	ADJ
epaa-8496	124	6	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	7	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	8	during	during	ADP
epaa-8496	124	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	124	10	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	124	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	12	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	13	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	14	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	124	15	predict	predict	VERB
epaa-8496	124	16	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	124	17	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-8496	124	18	portion	portion	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	124	20	non	non	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	21	-	-	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	22	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	24	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	124	25	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	26	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	124	27	fail	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	124	28	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	124	29	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	30	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	31	long	long	ADV
epaa-8496	124	32	required	require	VERB
epaa-8496	124	33	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	124	34	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	35	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	36	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	37	labeled	label	VERB
epaa-8496	124	38	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	124	39	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	40	off	off	ADP
epaa-8496	124	41	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	42	track	track	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	43	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	44	having	have	VERB
epaa-8496	124	45	just	just	ADV
epaa-8496	124	46	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	124	47	22	22	NUM
epaa-8496	124	48	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	49	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	50	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	124	51	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	124	52	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	124	53	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	55	making	make	VERB
epaa-8496	124	56	them	they	PRON
epaa-8496	124	57	four	four	NUM
epaa-8496	124	58	times	time	NOUN
epaa-8496	124	59	less	less	ADV
epaa-8496	124	60	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-8496	124	61	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	124	62	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	124	63	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	64	allensworth	allensworth	PROPN
epaa-8496	124	65	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	124	66	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	124	67	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	68	2007	2007	NUM
epaa-8496	124	69	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	124	70	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	125	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
epaa-8496	125	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	125	3	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	125	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	125	5	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	125	6	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	125	7	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	125	8	successfully	successfully	ADV
epaa-8496	125	9	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	125	10	all	all	DET
epaa-8496	125	11	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	125	12	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	125	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	125	14	that	that	DET
epaa-8496	125	15	crucial	crucial	ADJ
epaa-8496	125	16	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	125	17	have	have	VERB
epaa-8496	125	18	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	125	19	approximately	approximately	ADV
epaa-8496	125	20	85	85	NUM
epaa-8496	125	21	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	125	22	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-8496	125	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	125	24	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	125	25	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	125	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	125	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	125	28	allensworth	allensworth	PROPN
epaa-8496	125	29	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	125	30	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	125	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	125	32	2007	2007	NUM
epaa-8496	125	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	125	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	126	1	further	further	ADJ
epaa-8496	126	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	126	3	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	126	4	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	126	5	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	126	6	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	126	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	127	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	127	2	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	127	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	127	4	underscores	underscore	VERB
epaa-8496	127	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	127	6	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-8496	127	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	127	8	nint	nint	NOUN
epaa-8496	127	9	h	h	NOUN
epaa-8496	127	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	127	11	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	127	12	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-8496	127	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	128	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	128	2	observed	observe	VERB
epaa-8496	128	3	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	128	4	notable	notable	ADJ
epaa-8496	128	5	disparity	disparity	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	128	7	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	8	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	9	between	between	ADP
epaa-8496	128	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	11	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	128	12	d	d	PROPN
epaa-8496	128	13	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	128	14	gpas	gpa	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	128	16	60	60	NUM
epaa-8496	128	17	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	18	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	128	20	graduating	graduating	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	21	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	128	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	128	23	those	those	PRON
epaa-8496	128	24	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	128	25	f	f	ADJ
epaa-8496	128	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	128	27	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	128	28	gpas	gpa	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	128	30	18	18	NUM
epaa-8496	128	31	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	32	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	128	34	graduating	graduating	NOUN
epaa-8496	128	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	128	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	129	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	129	2	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	3	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	129	4	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	129	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	129	6	b	b	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	129	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	129	9	c	c	PROPN
epaa-8496	129	10	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	129	11	gpas	gpa	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	129	13	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	129	14	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	15	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-8496	129	16	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	129	17	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	129	18	time	time	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	129	20	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-8496	129	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	129	22	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	129	23	24	24	NUM
epaa-8496	129	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	129	25	percentage	percentage	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	129	27	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	28	gap	gap	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	29	exists	exist	VERB
epaa-8496	129	30	between	between	ADP
epaa-8496	129	31	d	d	PROPN
epaa-8496	129	32	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	129	33	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	129	35	60	60	NUM
epaa-8496	129	36	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	37	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	129	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	129	40	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	41	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	42	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	43	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	44	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	129	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	130	1	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	131	1	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	131	2	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	132	1	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	132	2	8	8	NUM
epaa-8496	132	3	c	c	NOUN
epaa-8496	132	4	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	132	5	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	132	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	132	7	84	84	NUM
epaa-8496	132	8	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	132	9	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-8496	132	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	132	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	132	12	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	132	13	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	132	14	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	132	15	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	132	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	132	17	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	132	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	132	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	133	1	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	133	2	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	133	3	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
epaa-8496	133	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	133	5	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	133	6	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	133	7	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	133	8	indeed	indeed	ADV
epaa-8496	133	9	recover	recover	VERB
epaa-8496	133	10	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	133	11	poor	poor	ADJ
epaa-8496	133	12	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	133	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	133	14	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	133	15	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-8496	133	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	133	17	many	many	ADJ
epaa-8496	133	18	remain	remain	VERB
epaa-8496	133	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	133	20	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	133	21	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	133	22	trajectory	trajectory	NOUN
epaa-8496	133	23	established	establish	VERB
epaa-8496	133	24	during	during	ADP
epaa-8496	133	25	that	that	DET
epaa-8496	133	26	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-8496	133	27	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	133	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	134	1	external	external	ADJ
epaa-8496	134	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	134	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	134	4	such	such	ADJ
epaa-8496	134	5	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	134	6	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	134	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-8496	134	8	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	134	9	bowers	bower	NOUN
epaa-8496	134	10	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	134	11	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	134	12	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	135	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	135	2	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	135	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	135	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	135	5	supports	support	VERB
epaa-8496	135	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	135	7	assertion	assertion	NOUN
epaa-8496	135	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	135	9	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	135	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	135	11	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	135	12	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	135	13	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	135	14	among	among	ADP
epaa-8496	135	15	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	135	16	most	most	ADV
epaa-8496	135	17	accurate	accurate	ADJ
epaa-8496	135	18	indicators	indicator	NOUN
epaa-8496	135	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	135	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	135	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	135	22	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-8496	135	23	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	135	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	136	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
epaa-8496	136	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	136	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	136	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	136	5	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	136	6	has	have	AUX
epaa-8496	136	7	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-8496	136	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	136	9	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	136	10	at	at	ADV
epaa-8496	136	11	least	least	ADV
epaa-8496	136	12	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	136	13	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	136	14	during	during	ADP
epaa-8496	136	15	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	136	16	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	136	17	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	136	18	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	136	19	reduces	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	136	20	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	136	21	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-8496	136	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	136	23	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	136	24	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	136	25	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	136	26	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	136	27	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	136	28	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-8496	136	29	22	22	NUM
epaa-8496	136	30	percentage	percentage	NOUN
epaa-8496	136	31	points	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	136	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	136	33	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	136	34	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	136	35	mckenzie	mckenzie	PROPN
epaa-8496	136	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	136	37	2024a	2024a	NUM
epaa-8496	136	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	136	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	136	40	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-8496	136	41	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	136	42	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-8496	136	43	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	136	44	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	136	45	off	off	ADP
epaa-8496	136	46	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	136	47	track	track	NOUN
epaa-8496	136	48	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	136	49	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
epaa-8496	136	50	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	136	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	137	1	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	137	2	context	context	PROPN
epaa-8496	137	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	137	4	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	137	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	137	6	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	137	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	137	8	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	137	9	represents	represent	VERB
epaa-8496	137	10	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	137	11	crucial	crucial	ADJ
epaa-8496	137	12	milestone	milestone	NOUN
epaa-8496	137	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	137	14	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	137	15	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	137	16	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	137	17	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	137	18	journey	journey	NOUN
epaa-8496	137	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	137	20	serves	serve	VERB
epaa-8496	137	21	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	137	22	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	137	23	gateway	gateway	NOUN
epaa-8496	137	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	137	25	various	various	ADJ
epaa-8496	137	26	future	future	ADJ
epaa-8496	137	27	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-8496	137	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	137	29	including	include	VERB
epaa-8496	137	30	college	college	NOUN
epaa-8496	137	31	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	137	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	137	33	employment	employment	NOUN
epaa-8496	137	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	137	35	aspire	aspire	NOUN
epaa-8496	137	36	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	137	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	137	38	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	137	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	137	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	138	2	alliance	alliance	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	138	4	excellent	excellent	ADJ
epaa-8496	138	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	7	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	138	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	9	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	138	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	138	11	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	138	12	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	138	13	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	14	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	138	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	138	17	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	138	18	class	class	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	138	20	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	138	21	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	138	22	71	71	NUM
epaa-8496	138	23	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	25	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-8496	138	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	138	28	90	90	NUM
epaa-8496	138	29	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	31	goal	goal	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	33	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	138	34	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	138	35	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-8496	138	36	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	37	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	138	38	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	138	39	class	class	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	40	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	138	41	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	138	42	64	64	NUM
epaa-8496	138	43	million	million	NUM
epaa-8496	138	44	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	45	incr	incr	VERB
epaa-8496	138	46	ease	ease	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	47	spending	spending	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	48	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	138	49	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	138	50	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	51	economy	economy	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	52	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	138	53	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	138	54	49	49	NUM
epaa-8496	138	55	million	million	NUM
epaa-8496	138	56	each	each	DET
epaa-8496	138	57	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	59	contribute	contribute	VERB
epaa-8496	138	60	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	138	61	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	138	62	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	138	63	81	81	NUM
epaa-8496	138	64	million	million	NUM
epaa-8496	138	65	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	138	66	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	138	67	gross	gross	ADJ
epaa-8496	138	68	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	69	product	product	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	70	annually	annually	ADV
epaa-8496	138	71	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	72	generate	generate	VERB
epaa-8496	138	73	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	138	74	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	138	75	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	138	76	9.7	9.7	NUM
epaa-8496	138	77	million	million	NUM
epaa-8496	138	78	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	138	79	federal	federal	ADJ
epaa-8496	138	80	income	income	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	81	tax	tax	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	82	revenue	revenue	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	83	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	138	84	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	138	85	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	138	86	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	138	87	4.9	4.9	NUM
epaa-8496	138	88	million	million	NUM
epaa-8496	138	89	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	138	90	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	91	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	138	92	local	local	ADJ
epaa-8496	138	93	tax	tax	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	94	revenues	revenue	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	95	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	96	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	138	97	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-8496	138	98	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	138	99	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	100	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	138	101	job	job	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	102	creation	creation	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	103	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	104	home	home	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	105	sales	sale	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	106	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	138	107	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	138	108	auto	auto	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	109	sales	sale	NOUN
epaa-8496	138	110	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	139	1	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	139	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	139	3	best	good	ADJ
epaa-8496	139	4	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	139	5	stimulus	stimulus	NOUN
epaa-8496	139	6	package	package	NOUN
epaa-8496	139	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	139	8	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	139	9	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	139	10	conclude	conclude	VERB
epaa-8496	139	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	139	12	“	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	139	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	139	14	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	139	15	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	139	16	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	139	17	diploma	diploma	NOUN
epaa-8496	139	18	”	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	139	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	139	20	alliance	alliance	NOUN
epaa-8496	139	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	139	22	excellent	excellent	ADJ
epaa-8496	139	23	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	139	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	139	25	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	139	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	139	27	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-8496	139	28	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	139	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	139	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	140	1	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	140	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	140	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	140	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	140	5	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-8496	140	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	140	7	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-8496	140	8	out	out	ADP
epaa-8496	140	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	140	10	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	140	11	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-8496	140	12	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	140	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	140	14	’s	’s	PART
epaa-8496	140	15	personal	personal	ADJ
epaa-8496	140	16	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	140	17	prospects	prospect	NOUN
epaa-8496	140	18	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-8496	140	19	also	also	ADV
epaa-8496	140	20	has	have	VERB
epaa-8496	140	21	important	important	ADJ
epaa-8496	140	22	externalities	externality	NOUN
epaa-8496	140	23	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	140	24	society	society	NOUN
epaa-8496	140	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	141	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	141	2	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-8496	141	3	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	141	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	141	5	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	141	6	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-8496	141	7	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	141	8	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	141	9	has	have	AUX
epaa-8496	141	10	declined	decline	VERB
epaa-8496	141	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	142	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	142	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	142	3	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	142	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	142	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	142	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	7	ranked	rank	VERB
epaa-8496	142	8	15th	15th	ADV
epaa-8496	142	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	142	10	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	142	11	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-8496	142	12	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	142	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	142	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	142	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	16	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	142	18	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	142	19	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	142	20	89	89	NUM
epaa-8496	142	21	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	22	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	23	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	142	25	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	142	26	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	27	dropped	drop	VERB
epaa-8496	142	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	142	29	42nd	42nd	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	142	31	2022	2022	NUM
epaa-8496	142	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	142	33	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	142	34	only	only	ADV
epaa-8496	142	35	88	88	NUM
epaa-8496	142	36	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	142	38	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	39	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	142	40	within	within	ADP
epaa-8496	142	41	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	142	42	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-8496	142	43	four	four	NUM
epaa-8496	142	44	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	142	45	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	46	timeframe	timeframe	NOUN
epaa-8496	142	47	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	142	48	aspire	aspire	PROPN
epaa-8496	142	49	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	142	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	142	51	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	142	52	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	142	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	143	1	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	143	2	’s	’s	PART
epaa-8496	143	3	bachelor	bachelor	PROPN
epaa-8496	143	4	’s	’s	NOUN
epaa-8496	143	5	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-8496	143	6	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	143	7	ranks	rank	VERB
epaa-8496	143	8	49th	49th	ADV
epaa-8496	143	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	143	10	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	143	11	nation	nation	NOUN
epaa-8496	143	12	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	143	13	25.3	25.3	NUM
epaa-8496	143	14	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	143	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	143	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	143	17	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	143	18	’s	’	VERB
epaa-8496	143	19	advanced	advanced	ADJ
epaa-8496	143	20	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-8496	143	21	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	143	22	ranks	rank	VERB
epaa-8496	143	23	50th	50th	ADJ
epaa-8496	143	24	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	143	25	9.4	9.4	NUM
epaa-8496	143	26	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	143	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	143	28	wisevoter	wisevoter	NOUN
epaa-8496	143	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	143	30	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	143	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	143	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	144	1	comparatively	comparatively	ADV
epaa-8496	144	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	144	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	144	4	2022	2022	NUM
epaa-8496	144	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	144	6	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
epaa-8496	144	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	144	8	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
epaa-8496	144	9	boasted	boast	VERB
epaa-8496	144	10	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	144	11	highest	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	144	12	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	144	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	144	14	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	144	15	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	144	16	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	144	17	96.1	96.1	NUM
epaa-8496	144	18	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	144	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	144	20	95.9	95.9	NUM
epaa-8496	144	21	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	144	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	144	23	respectively	respectively	ADV
epaa-8496	144	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	144	25	wisevoter	wisevoter	NOUN
epaa-8496	144	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	144	27	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	144	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	144	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	145	1	according	accord	VERB
epaa-8496	145	2	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	145	3	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	145	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	145	5	level	level	NOUN
epaa-8496	145	6	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	145	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	145	8	2022	2022	NUM
epaa-8496	145	9	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	145	10	aspire	aspire	ADJ
epaa-8496	145	11	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	145	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	145	13	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	145	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	145	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	145	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	145	17	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	145	18	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	145	19	varied	vary	VERB
epaa-8496	145	20	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	145	21	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	145	22	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	145	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	145	24	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	145	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	146	1	asian	asian	ADJ
epaa-8496	146	2	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	146	3	had	have	VERB
epaa-8496	146	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	146	5	highest	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	146	6	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	146	7	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	146	8	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	146	9	95	95	NUM
epaa-8496	146	10	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	146	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	146	12	followed	follow	VERB
epaa-8496	146	13	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-8496	146	14	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	146	15	white	white	ADJ
epaa-8496	146	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	146	17	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	146	18	90	90	NUM
epaa-8496	146	19	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	146	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	147	1	hispanic	hispanic	ADJ
epaa-8496	147	2	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	147	3	latino	latino	ADJ
epaa-8496	147	4	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	147	5	achieved	achieve	VERB
epaa-8496	147	6	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	147	7	87	87	NUM
epaa-8496	147	8	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	147	9	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	147	10	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	147	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	147	12	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	147	13	black	black	ADJ
epaa-8496	147	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	147	15	economically	economically	ADV
epaa-8496	147	16	disadvantaged	disadvantaged	ADJ
epaa-8496	147	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	147	18	had	have	VERB
epaa-8496	147	19	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	147	20	85	85	NUM
epaa-8496	147	21	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	147	22	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	147	23	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	147	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	148	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
epaa-8496	148	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	148	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	148	4	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	148	5	disabilities	disability	NOUN
epaa-8496	148	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	148	7	english	english	ADJ
epaa-8496	148	8	language	language	NOUN
epaa-8496	148	9	learners	learner	NOUN
epaa-8496	148	10	had	have	VERB
epaa-8496	148	11	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	148	12	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	148	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	148	14	83	83	NUM
epaa-8496	148	15	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	148	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	148	17	82	82	NUM
epaa-8496	148	18	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	148	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	148	20	respectively	respectively	ADV
epaa-8496	148	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	149	1	any	any	DET
epaa-8496	149	2	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-8496	149	3	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	149	4	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-8496	149	5	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	149	6	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	149	7	should	should	AUX
epaa-8496	149	8	take	take	VERB
epaa-8496	149	9	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	149	10	heterogeneity	heterogeneity	NOUN
epaa-8496	149	11	into	into	ADP
epaa-8496	149	12	consideration	consideration	NOUN
epaa-8496	149	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	150	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	150	2	national	national	ADJ
epaa-8496	150	3	center	center	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	150	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	6	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	7	employs	employ	VERB
epaa-8496	150	8	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	150	9	adjusted	adjusted	ADJ
epaa-8496	150	10	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	11	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	12	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	13	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	150	14	accounts	account	VERB
epaa-8496	150	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	150	16	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	17	mobility	mobility	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	150	19	revealing	reveal	VERB
epaa-8496	150	20	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	150	21	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	150	22	adjusted	adjust	VERB
epaa-8496	150	23	arkansas	arkansas	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	24	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	25	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	150	26	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	150	27	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	150	28	class	class	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	150	30	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	150	31	was	be	AUX
epaa-8496	150	32	89	89	NUM
epaa-8496	150	33	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	34	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	150	35	nces	nce	NOUN
epaa-8496	150	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	150	37	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	150	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	150	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	151	1	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	2	such	such	ADJ
epaa-8496	151	3	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	151	4	funding	funding	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	151	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	7	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	151	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	10	quality	quality	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	151	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	151	13	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
epaa-8496	151	14	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	15	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	151	16	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-8496	151	17	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-8496	151	18	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	19	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	151	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	151	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	151	23	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	24	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	151	25	reflect	reflect	VERB
epaa-8496	151	26	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-8496	151	27	efforts	effort	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	28	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	151	29	support	support	VERB
epaa-8496	151	30	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	151	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	152	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	152	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
epaa-8496	152	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	152	4	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-8496	152	5	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	152	6	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	152	7	signal	signal	VERB
epaa-8496	152	8	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	152	9	need	need	NOUN
epaa-8496	152	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	152	11	targeted	target	VERB
epaa-8496	152	12	interventions	intervention	NOUN
epaa-8496	152	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	152	14	improvements	improvement	NOUN
epaa-8496	152	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	152	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	152	17	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	152	18	system	system	NOUN
epaa-8496	152	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	152	20	wisevoter	wisevoter	NOUN
epaa-8496	152	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	152	22	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	152	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	152	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	153	1	analyzing	analyze	VERB
epaa-8496	153	2	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-8496	153	3	contributing	contribute	VERB
epaa-8496	153	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	153	5	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	153	6	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	153	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	153	8	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	153	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	153	10	bradley	bradley	NOUN
epaa-8496	153	11	-dorsey	-dorsey	PROPN
epaa-8496	153	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	153	13	mckenzie	mckenzie	NOUN
epaa-8496	153	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	153	15	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	153	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	153	17	found	find	VERB
epaa-8496	153	18	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	153	19	larger	large	ADJ
epaa-8496	153	20	graduating	graduating	NOUN
epaa-8496	153	21	class	class	NOUN
epaa-8496	153	22	sizes	size	NOUN
epaa-8496	153	23	were	be	AUX
epaa-8496	153	24	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	153	25	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-8496	153	26	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-8496	153	27	predictor	predictor	NOUN
epaa-8496	153	28	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	153	29	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	153	30	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	153	31	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	153	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	154	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	154	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	154	3	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	154	4	also	also	ADV
epaa-8496	154	5	found	find	VERB
epaa-8496	154	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	154	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	154	8	participating	participate	VERB
epaa-8496	154	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	154	10	free	free	ADJ
epaa-8496	154	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	154	12	reduced	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	154	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	154	14	price	price	NOUN
epaa-8496	154	15	lunch	lunch	NOUN
epaa-8496	154	16	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-8496	154	17	were	be	AUX
epaa-8496	154	18	less	less	ADV
epaa-8496	154	19	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-8496	154	20	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	154	21	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	154	22	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	154	23	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-8496	154	24	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	154	25	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	154	26	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	154	27	advantaged	advantaged	ADJ
epaa-8496	154	28	peers	peer	NOUN
epaa-8496	154	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	155	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
epaa-8496	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	155	3	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	155	4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV
epaa-8496	155	5	serving	serve	VERB
epaa-8496	155	6	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	155	7	10	10	NUM
epaa-8496	155	8	-12	-12	NOUN
epaa-8496	155	9	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	155	10	11	11	NUM
epaa-8496	155	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	155	12	12	12	NUM
epaa-8496	155	13	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-8496	155	14	impacted	impact	VERB
epaa-8496	155	15	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	155	16	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	155	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	155	18	bradley	bradley	PROPN
epaa-8496	155	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	155	20	dorsey	dorsey	PROPN
epaa-8496	155	21	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	155	22	mckenzie	mckenzie	PROPN
epaa-8496	155	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	155	24	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	155	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	155	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	156	1	notably	notably	ADV
epaa-8496	156	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	156	3	economically	economically	ADV
epaa-8496	156	4	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	156	5	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	156	6	9	9	NUM
epaa-8496	156	7	disadvantaged	disadvantaged	ADJ
epaa-8496	156	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	156	9	consistently	consistently	ADV
epaa-8496	156	10	lagged	lag	VERB
epaa-8496	156	11	three	three	NUM
epaa-8496	156	12	percentage	percentage	NOUN
epaa-8496	156	13	points	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	156	14	behind	behind	ADP
epaa-8496	156	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	156	16	financially	financially	ADV
epaa-8496	156	17	advantaged	advantaged	ADJ
epaa-8496	156	18	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
epaa-8496	156	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	156	20	bradley	bradley	PROPN
epaa-8496	156	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	156	22	dorsey	dorsey	PROPN
epaa-8496	156	23	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	156	24	mckenzie	mckenzie	PROPN
epaa-8496	156	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	156	26	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	156	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	156	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	157	1	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	157	2	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-8496	157	3	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	157	4	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	157	5	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	157	6	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	157	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	157	8	align	align	VERB
epaa-8496	157	9	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	157	10	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	157	11	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	157	12	workforce	workforce	PROPN
epaa-8496	157	13	development	development	PROPN
epaa-8496	157	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	157	15	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	157	16	implemented	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	157	17	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	157	18	statewide	statewide	ADJ
epaa-8496	157	19	requirement	requirement	NOUN
epaa-8496	157	20	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-8496	157	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	157	22	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	157	23	take	take	VERB
epaa-8496	157	24	at	at	ADV
epaa-8496	157	25	least	least	ADJ
epaa-8496	157	26	six	six	NUM
epaa-8496	157	27	career	career	NOUN
epaa-8496	157	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	157	29	oriented	orient	VERB
epaa-8496	157	30	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	157	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	157	32	dougherty	dougherty	NOUN
epaa-8496	157	33	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	157	34	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	157	35	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	157	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	157	37	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	157	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	157	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	158	1	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	158	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	158	3	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	158	4	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-8496	158	5	impacted	impact	VERB
epaa-8496	158	6	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	158	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	158	8	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	158	9	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	158	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	158	11	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-8496	158	12	market	market	NOUN
epaa-8496	158	13	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	158	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	158	15	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-8496	158	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	158	17	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	158	18	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	158	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	158	20	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-8496	158	21	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	158	22	capita	capita	X
epaa-8496	158	23	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	158	24	activity	activity	NOUN
epaa-8496	158	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	158	26	dougherty	dougherty	NOUN
epaa-8496	158	27	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	158	28	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	158	29	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	158	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	158	31	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	158	32	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	158	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	159	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
epaa-8496	159	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	159	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	159	4	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	159	5	enrolled	enrol	VERB
epaa-8496	159	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	159	7	more	more	ADJ
epaa-8496	159	8	career	career	NOUN
epaa-8496	159	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	159	10	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-8496	159	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	159	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	159	13	cte	cte	NOUN
epaa-8496	159	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	159	15	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	159	16	were	be	AUX
epaa-8496	159	17	found	find	VERB
epaa-8496	159	18	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	159	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	159	20	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	159	21	likely	likely	ADJ
epaa-8496	159	22	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	159	23	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	159	24	within	within	ADP
epaa-8496	159	25	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	159	26	standard	standard	ADJ
epaa-8496	159	27	four	four	NUM
epaa-8496	159	28	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	159	29	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	159	30	timeframe	timeframe	NOUN
epaa-8496	159	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	159	32	dougherty	dougherty	NOUN
epaa-8496	159	33	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	159	34	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	159	35	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	159	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	159	37	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	159	38	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	159	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	160	1	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	160	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	160	3	benefit	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	160	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	160	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	160	6	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	160	7	often	often	ADV
epaa-8496	160	8	give	give	VERB
epaa-8496	160	9	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	160	10	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
epaa-8496	160	11	based	base	VERB
epaa-8496	160	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	160	13	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	160	14	observed	observe	VERB
epaa-8496	160	15	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	160	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	160	17	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	160	18	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	160	19	intervention	intervention	NOUN
epaa-8496	160	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	161	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	161	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	161	3	harris	harris	PROPN
epaa-8496	161	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	161	5	2009	2009	NUM
epaa-8496	161	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	161	7	argued	argue	VERB
epaa-8496	161	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	161	9	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	161	10	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-8496	161	11	must	must	AUX
epaa-8496	161	12	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	161	13	weighed	weigh	VERB
epaa-8496	161	14	against	against	ADP
epaa-8496	161	15	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	161	16	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	161	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	161	18	intervention	intervention	NOUN
epaa-8496	161	19	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	161	20	understand	understand	VERB
epaa-8496	161	21	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-8496	161	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	161	23	net	net	ADJ
epaa-8496	161	24	benefit	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	161	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	161	26	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	161	27	intervention	intervention	NOUN
epaa-8496	161	28	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	161	29	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-8496	161	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	162	1	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	162	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
epaa-8496	162	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	162	4	formally	formally	ADV
epaa-8496	162	5	called	call	VERB
epaa-8496	162	6	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	162	7	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	162	8	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	162	9	-benefit	-benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	162	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	162	11	"	"	PUNCT
epaa-8496	162	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	162	13	levin	levin	PROPN
epaa-8496	162	14	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	162	15	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	162	16	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	162	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	162	18	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	162	19	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	162	20	belfield	belfield	PROPN
epaa-8496	162	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	162	22	bowden	bowden	PROPN
epaa-8496	162	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	162	24	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	162	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	162	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	163	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	5	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	6	ha	ha	INTJ
epaa-8496	163	7	ve	ve	AUX
epaa-8496	163	8	used	use	VERB
epaa-8496	163	9	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	11	benefit	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	13	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	163	14	study	study	VERB
epaa-8496	163	15	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-8496	163	16	financing	finance	VERB
epaa-8496	163	17	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	163	18	private	private	ADJ
epaa-8496	163	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	20	voucher	voucher	ADJ
epaa-8496	163	21	program	program	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	23	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	163	25	mcshane	mcshane	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	27	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	163	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	29	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	163	30	charter	charter	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	31	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	32	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	33	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	34	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	35	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	37	2014	2014	NUM
epaa-8496	163	38	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	39	deangelis	deangelis	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	40	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	41	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	42	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	44	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	163	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	46	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	163	47	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	48	2021	2021	NUM
epaa-8496	163	49	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	50	johnson	johnson	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	51	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	52	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	53	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	163	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	55	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	163	56	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	57	with	with	SCONJ
epaa-8496	163	58	taxpayer	taxpayer	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	59	dollars	dollar	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	60	pays	pay	VERB
epaa-8496	163	61	off	off	ADP
epaa-8496	163	62	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	163	63	long	long	ADJ
epaa-8496	163	64	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	65	term	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	66	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	163	67	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-8496	163	68	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	69	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	70	such	such	ADJ
epaa-8496	163	71	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	163	72	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	163	73	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	74	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	75	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	163	76	participants	participant	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	77	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	163	78	which	which	PRON
epaa-8496	163	79	stimulates	stimulate	VERB
epaa-8496	163	80	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	163	81	economy	economy	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	82	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	163	83	increases	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	163	84	tax	tax	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	85	revenue	revenue	NOUN
epaa-8496	163	86	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	164	1	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	164	2	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	164	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	164	4	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	164	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	164	6	considers	consider	VERB
epaa-8496	164	7	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	164	8	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	164	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	164	10	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	164	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	164	12	multiple	multiple	ADJ
epaa-8496	164	13	interventions	intervention	NOUN
epaa-8496	164	14	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	164	15	determine	determine	VERB
epaa-8496	164	16	which	which	PRON
epaa-8496	164	17	produces	produce	VERB
epaa-8496	164	18	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	164	19	desired	desire	VERB
epaa-8496	164	20	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	164	21	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	164	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	164	23	lowest	low	ADJ
epaa-8496	164	24	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	164	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	164	26	levin	levin	PROPN
epaa-8496	164	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	164	28	belfield	belfield	PROPN
epaa-8496	164	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	164	30	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	164	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	164	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	165	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	165	2	example	example	NOUN
epaa-8496	165	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	165	4	hollands	holland	VERB
epaa-8496	165	5	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	165	6	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	165	7	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	166	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	166	2	2014	2014	NUM
epaa-8496	166	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	166	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
epaa-8496	166	5	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	166	6	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	166	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	166	8	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	166	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	166	10	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	166	11	examine	examine	VERB
epaa-8496	166	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-8496	166	13	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-8496	166	14	designed	design	VERB
epaa-8496	166	15	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	166	16	keep	keep	VERB
epaa-8496	166	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	166	18	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	166	19	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-8496	166	20	out	out	ADP
epaa-8496	166	21	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	166	22	worth	worth	ADJ
epaa-8496	166	23	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	166	24	investment	investment	NOUN
epaa-8496	166	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	167	1	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	167	2	found	find	VERB
epaa-8496	167	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	167	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	167	5	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	167	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	167	7	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	167	8	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	167	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	167	10	producing	produce	VERB
epaa-8496	167	11	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	167	12	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	167	13	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	167	14	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	167	15	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	167	16	through	through	ADP
epaa-8496	167	17	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	167	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	167	19	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	167	20	programs	program	NOUN
epaa-8496	167	21	ranged	range	VERB
epaa-8496	167	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	167	23	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	167	24	70,000	70,000	NUM
epaa-8496	167	25	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	167	26	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	167	27	195,000	195,000	NUM
epaa-8496	167	28	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	167	29	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	167	30	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	167	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	168	1	taking	take	VERB
epaa-8496	168	2	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	168	3	results	result	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	4	together	together	ADV
epaa-8496	168	5	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	168	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	168	7	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	168	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	168	10	trajectory	trajectory	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	168	12	setting	set	VERB
epaa-8496	168	13	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	168	15	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	168	16	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	17	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	18	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	19	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	168	20	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	168	21	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	168	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	168	23	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-8496	168	24	consortium	consortium	PROPN
epaa-8496	168	25	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	168	26	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	27	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	168	29	as	as	ADV
epaa-8496	168	30	well	well	ADV
epaa-8496	168	31	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	168	32	carey	carey	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	33	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	168	34	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	168	35	’s	’s	PART
epaa-8496	168	36	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	37	suggesting	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	168	38	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	168	39	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	40	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	41	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	168	42	decrease	decrease	VERB
epaa-8496	168	43	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	44	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-8496	168	45	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	46	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	47	as	as	ADV
epaa-8496	168	48	well	well	ADV
epaa-8496	168	49	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	168	50	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	168	51	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	168	53	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	168	54	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	168	55	possible	possible	ADJ
epaa-8496	168	56	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	168	57	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	168	58	minim	minim	PROPN
epaa-8496	168	59	um	um	INTJ
epaa-8496	168	60	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	61	might	might	AUX
epaa-8496	168	62	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	168	63	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	168	64	very	very	ADV
epaa-8496	168	65	costeffective	costeffective	ADJ
epaa-8496	168	66	way	way	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	67	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	168	68	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	168	69	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	70	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	71	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	168	72	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-8496	168	73	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	168	74	other	other	ADJ
epaa-8496	168	75	interventions	intervention	NOUN
epaa-8496	168	76	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	169	1	typically	typically	ADV
epaa-8496	169	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	169	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	169	4	economics	economic	NOUN
epaa-8496	169	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	169	6	distinguishes	distinguish	VERB
epaa-8496	169	7	between	between	ADP
epaa-8496	169	8	private	private	ADJ
epaa-8496	169	9	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	169	10	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-8496	169	11	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	169	12	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	169	13	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	169	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	169	15	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-8496	169	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	169	17	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	169	18	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	169	19	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-8496	169	20	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	169	21	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	169	22	society	society	NOUN
epaa-8496	169	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	170	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	170	2	extant	extant	ADJ
epaa-8496	170	3	literature	literature	NOUN
epaa-8496	170	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	170	5	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	170	6	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	170	7	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-8496	170	8	focuses	focus	VERB
epaa-8496	170	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	170	10	private	private	ADJ
epaa-8496	170	11	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	170	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	171	1	very	very	ADV
epaa-8496	171	2	little	little	ADJ
epaa-8496	171	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	171	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	171	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	171	6	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	171	7	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	171	8	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	171	9	has	have	AUX
epaa-8496	171	10	examined	examine	VERB
epaa-8496	171	11	its	its	PRON
epaa-8496	171	12	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	171	13	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	171	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	171	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	171	16	only	only	ADV
epaa-8496	171	17	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	171	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	171	19	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	171	20	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	171	21	informally	informally	ADV
epaa-8496	171	22	-presented	-presented	ADJ
epaa-8496	171	23	calculations	calculation	NOUN
epaa-8496	171	24	bearing	bear	VERB
epaa-8496	171	25	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	171	26	weight	weight	NOUN
epaa-8496	171	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	171	28	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	171	29	need	need	NOUN
epaa-8496	171	30	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	171	31	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-8496	171	32	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-8496	171	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	171	34	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	171	35	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	171	36	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	171	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	171	38	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	171	39	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	171	40	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	171	41	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	171	42	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	171	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	171	44	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	171	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	171	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	172	1	more	more	ADJ
epaa-8496	172	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	172	3	should	should	AUX
epaa-8496	172	4	focus	focus	VERB
epaa-8496	172	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	172	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	172	7	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	172	8	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	172	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	172	10	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	172	11	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	172	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	172	13	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-8496	172	14	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	172	15	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	172	16	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	172	17	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	172	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	172	19	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	172	20	close	close	VERB
epaa-8496	172	21	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	172	22	gap	gap	NOUN
epaa-8496	172	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	173	1	methods	method	NOUN
epaa-8496	173	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	173	3	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	173	4	following	follow	VERB
epaa-8496	173	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	173	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	173	7	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	173	8	examine	examine	VERB
epaa-8496	173	9	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-8496	173	10	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	173	11	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	173	12	might	might	AUX
epaa-8496	173	13	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	173	14	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	173	15	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	173	16	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	173	17	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	173	18	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	173	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	173	20	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	173	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	173	22	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	173	23	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	173	24	boosting	boost	VERB
epaa-8496	173	25	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	173	26	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	173	27	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	173	28	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	173	29	spending	spending	NOUN
epaa-8496	173	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	174	1	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	174	2	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	174	3	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	174	4	even	even	ADV
epaa-8496	174	5	decrease	decrease	VERB
epaa-8496	174	6	spending	spending	NOUN
epaa-8496	174	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	174	8	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	174	9	reducing	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	174	10	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	174	11	number	number	NOUN
epaa-8496	174	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	174	13	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	174	14	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	174	15	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	174	16	reduce	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	174	17	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	174	18	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-8496	174	19	required	require	VERB
epaa-8496	174	20	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	174	21	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	174	22	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	174	23	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	174	24	recover	recover	VERB
epaa-8496	174	25	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	174	26	credits	credit	NOUN
epaa-8496	174	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	174	28	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	174	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	174	30	carey	carey	NOUN
epaa-8496	174	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	174	32	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	174	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	174	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	175	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	175	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	175	3	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-8496	175	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	175	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	175	6	heterogeneity	heterogeneity	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	7	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	175	8	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	175	9	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	10	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	175	12	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	175	14	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	15	allowing	allow	VERB
epaa-8496	175	16	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	175	17	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	18	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	175	19	recover	recover	VERB
epaa-8496	175	20	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	175	21	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	22	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	175	23	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	175	24	resulting	result	VERB
epaa-8496	175	25	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	175	27	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	28	reporting	reporting	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	175	30	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	175	31	do	do	AUX
epaa-8496	175	32	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	175	33	have	have	VERB
epaa-8496	175	34	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
epaa-8496	175	35	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	36	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	175	37	make	make	VERB
epaa-8496	175	38	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	39	about	about	ADP
epaa-8496	175	40	reducing	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	175	41	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	42	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	175	43	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	44	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	45	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	46	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	47	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	175	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	176	1	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	177	1	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	177	2	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	178	1	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	178	2	10	10	NUM
epaa-8496	178	3	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	178	4	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	178	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	179	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-8496	179	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	179	3	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	179	4	assume	assume	VERB
epaa-8496	179	5	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	179	6	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	179	7	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	179	8	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	179	9	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	179	10	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	179	11	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	179	12	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	179	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	179	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	180	1	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	180	2	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	180	3	assumption	assumption	NOUN
epaa-8496	180	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	180	5	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	180	6	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	180	7	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	180	8	helpful	helpful	ADJ
epaa-8496	180	9	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	180	10	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	180	11	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	180	12	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	180	13	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	180	14	additi	additi	NOUN
epaa-8496	180	15	onal	onal	ADJ
epaa-8496	180	16	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	180	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	180	18	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	180	19	intervention	intervention	NOUN
epaa-8496	180	20	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	180	21	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
epaa-8496	180	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	180	23	following	follow	VERB
epaa-8496	180	24	hollands	holland	NOUN
epaa-8496	180	25	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	180	26	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	180	27	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	180	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	180	29	2014	2014	NUM
epaa-8496	180	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	180	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	180	32	since	since	SCONJ
epaa-8496	180	33	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	180	34	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	180	35	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	180	36	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	180	37	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	180	38	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	180	39	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	180	40	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	180	41	0	0	NUM
epaa-8496	180	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	181	1	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-8496	181	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	181	3	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	181	4	examine	examine	VERB
epaa-8496	181	5	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	181	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	181	7	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	181	8	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	181	9	calculating	calculate	VERB
epaa-8496	181	10	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	181	11	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
epaa-8496	181	12	required	require	VERB
epaa-8496	181	13	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	181	14	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	181	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	181	16	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	181	17	will	will	AUX
epaa-8496	181	18	never	never	ADV
epaa-8496	181	19	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	181	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	181	21	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-8496	181	22	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	181	23	traditional	traditional	ADJ
epaa-8496	181	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	181	25	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	181	26	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	181	27	schemes	scheme	NOUN
epaa-8496	181	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	182	1	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	182	2	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	182	3	definition	definition	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	182	5	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-8496	182	6	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	182	7	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	8	decreases	decrease	VERB
epaa-8496	182	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	182	10	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	182	12	educating	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	182	13	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	182	14	-graduating	-graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	182	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	182	17	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	182	18	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	182	19	more	more	ADJ
epaa-8496	182	20	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	182	22	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-8496	182	23	than	than	ADP
epaa-8496	182	24	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	182	25	current	current	ADJ
epaa-8496	182	26	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	27	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	28	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	182	29	place	place	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	182	31	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	182	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	182	33	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-8496	182	34	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	182	35	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	36	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	182	37	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	182	38	public	public	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	39	through	through	ADP
epaa-8496	182	40	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	182	41	efficient	efficient	ADJ
epaa-8496	182	42	use	use	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	43	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	182	44	taxpayer	taxpayer	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	45	dollars	dollar	NOUN
epaa-8496	182	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	183	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	183	2	also	also	ADV
epaa-8496	183	3	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	183	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	183	5	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	183	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	183	7	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	183	8	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	183	9	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	183	10	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	183	11	dividing	divide	VERB
epaa-8496	183	12	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	183	13	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	183	14	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	183	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	183	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	183	17	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	183	18	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	183	19	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	183	20	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	183	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	183	22	educating	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	183	23	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	183	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	183	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	183	26	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	183	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	183	28	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	183	29	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	183	30	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	183	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	184	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-8496	184	2	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	184	3	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	184	4	increases	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	184	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	184	6	projected	project	VERB
epaa-8496	184	7	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	184	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	184	9	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	184	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	184	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	184	12	this	this	PRON
epaa-8496	184	13	represents	represent	VERB
epaa-8496	184	14	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-8496	184	15	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	184	16	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	184	17	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	184	18	public	public	NOUN
epaa-8496	184	19	through	through	ADP
epaa-8496	184	20	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	184	21	money	money	NOUN
epaa-8496	184	22	flowing	flow	VERB
epaa-8496	184	23	into	into	ADP
epaa-8496	184	24	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	184	25	arkansas	arkansa	NOUN
epaa-8496	184	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	184	27	national	national	ADJ
epaa-8496	184	28	economies	economy	NOUN
epaa-8496	184	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	184	30	as	as	ADV
epaa-8496	184	31	well	well	ADV
epaa-8496	184	32	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	184	33	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	184	34	tax	tax	NOUN
epaa-8496	184	35	revenue	revenue	NOUN
epaa-8496	184	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	185	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	185	2	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	185	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	185	4	impossible	impossible	ADJ
epaa-8496	185	5	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	185	6	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
epaa-8496	185	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	185	8	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	185	9	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	10	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	185	11	did	do	AUX
epaa-8496	185	12	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	185	13	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	185	14	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	185	15	indeed	indeed	ADV
epaa-8496	185	16	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	185	17	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	185	18	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	185	19	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	185	20	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	185	22	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	23	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	185	25	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	185	26	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	185	27	two	two	NUM
epaa-8496	185	28	estimates	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	29	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	185	30	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	185	31	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	185	33	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	34	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	35	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	185	36	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	37	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	185	38	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	185	40	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	185	42	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	185	43	assuming	assume	VERB
epaa-8496	185	44	all	all	DET
epaa-8496	185	45	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	46	within	within	ADP
epaa-8496	185	47	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	185	48	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	185	49	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	185	50	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	185	51	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	185	52	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	185	53	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	54	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	185	55	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	185	56	assuming	assume	VERB
epaa-8496	185	57	all	all	DET
epaa-8496	185	58	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	59	within	within	ADP
epaa-8496	185	60	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	185	61	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	185	62	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	185	63	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	185	64	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	185	65	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	185	66	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	67	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	185	68	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	69	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	185	70	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	186	1	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	186	3	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	4	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	5	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	186	6	utilized	utilize	VERB
epaa-8496	186	7	anonymized	anonymize	VERB
epaa-8496	186	8	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	186	10	level	level	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	11	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	12	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	186	13	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	186	14	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	186	15	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	186	16	department	department	PROPN
epaa-8496	186	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	186	18	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	19	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	186	20	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	186	21	well	well	ADV
epaa-8496	186	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	186	23	established	establish	VERB
epaa-8496	186	24	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	25	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	26	partnership	partnership	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	27	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	28	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	186	29	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	186	30	office	office	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	31	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	186	32	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	33	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	186	35	focusing	focus	VERB
epaa-8496	186	36	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	186	37	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	186	38	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	186	40	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	186	41	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	186	42	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	186	43	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	44	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	186	45	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	186	46	most	most	ADV
epaa-8496	186	47	recent	recent	ADJ
epaa-8496	186	48	available	available	ADJ
epaa-8496	186	49	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	186	50	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	51	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	52	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	186	53	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	186	54	data	data	PROPN
epaa-8496	186	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	187	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	187	2	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	187	4	consisting	consist	VERB
epaa-8496	187	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	187	6	32,894	32,894	NUM
epaa-8496	187	7	first	first	ADJ
epaa-8496	187	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	187	9	time	time	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	187	11	fulltime	fulltime	ADJ
epaa-8496	187	12	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	187	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	187	14	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	187	17	includes	include	VERB
epaa-8496	187	18	2014	2014	NUM
epaa-8496	187	19	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	187	20	15	15	NUM
epaa-8496	187	21	eighth	eighth	ADJ
epaa-8496	187	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	187	23	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	24	achievement	achievement	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	25	scores	score	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	187	27	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	187	28	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	187	29	16	16	NUM
epaa-8496	187	30	ninthgrade	ninthgrade	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	31	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	187	33	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	34	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	187	36	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	37	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	38	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	187	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	187	41	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	187	42	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	187	43	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	44	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	45	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	187	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	188	1	given	give	VERB
epaa-8496	188	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	188	3	precedent	precedent	NOUN
epaa-8496	188	4	set	set	VERB
epaa-8496	188	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	188	6	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	188	7	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
epaa-8496	188	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	188	9	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-8496	188	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	188	11	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	188	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	188	13	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	188	14	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	188	15	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	188	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	188	17	allensworth	allensworth	NOUN
epaa-8496	188	18	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	188	19	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	188	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	188	21	2007	2007	NUM
epaa-8496	188	22	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	188	23	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	188	24	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	188	25	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	188	26	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	188	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	188	28	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	188	29	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	188	30	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	188	31	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	188	32	mckenzie	mckenzie	PROPN
epaa-8496	188	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	188	34	2024a	2024a	NUM
epaa-8496	188	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	188	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	188	37	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	188	38	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	188	39	follows	follow	VERB
epaa-8496	188	40	only	only	ADV
epaa-8496	188	41	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	188	42	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	188	43	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	188	44	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	188	45	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	188	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	188	47	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	188	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	189	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	189	2	data	data	NOUN
epaa-8496	189	3	contains	contain	VERB
epaa-8496	189	4	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	189	5	demographic	demographic	ADJ
epaa-8496	189	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	189	7	programmatic	programmatic	ADJ
epaa-8496	189	8	attributes	attribute	NOUN
epaa-8496	189	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	189	10	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	189	11	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	189	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	190	1	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	190	2	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	190	3	within	within	ADP
epaa-8496	190	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	190	5	provided	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	190	6	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	190	7	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	190	8	represented	represent	VERB
epaa-8496	190	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	190	10	numerical	numerical	ADJ
epaa-8496	190	11	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	190	12	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	190	13	letter	letter	NOUN
epaa-8496	190	14	values	value	NOUN
epaa-8496	190	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	191	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	191	2	generated	generate	VERB
epaa-8496	191	3	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	191	4	binary	binary	ADJ
epaa-8496	191	5	indicator	indicator	NOUN
epaa-8496	191	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	191	7	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	191	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	191	9	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	191	10	delineate	delineate	VERB
epaa-8496	191	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	191	12	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	191	13	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	191	14	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	191	15	receiving	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	191	16	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	191	17	f	f	NOUN
epaa-8496	191	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	191	19	fail	fail	PROPN
epaa-8496	191	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	191	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	191	22	nc	nc	PROPN
epaa-8496	191	23	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	191	24	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	191	25	complete	complete	ADJ
epaa-8496	191	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	191	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	191	28	i-0	i-0	NOUN
epaa-8496	191	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	191	30	incomplete	incomplete	ADV
epaa-8496	191	31	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	191	32	zero	zero	NUM
epaa-8496	191	33	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	191	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	191	35	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	191	36	any	any	DET
epaa-8496	191	37	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	191	38	below	below	ADP
epaa-8496	191	39	60	60	NUM
epaa-8496	191	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	192	1	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	192	2	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	192	3	shows	show	VERB
epaa-8496	192	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	192	5	demographic	demographic	ADJ
epaa-8496	192	6	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-8496	192	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	192	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	192	9	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	192	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	1	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	2	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	193	3	demographic	demographic	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	193	5	programmatic	programmatic	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	6	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	8	fy16	fy16	PROPN
epaa-8496	193	9	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	10	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	11	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	12	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	13	n	n	PRON
epaa-8496	193	14	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	15	female	female	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	16	16,173	16,173	NUM
epaa-8496	193	17	49.2	49.2	NUM
epaa-8496	193	18	white	white	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	19	21,209	21,209	NUM
epaa-8496	193	20	64.5	64.5	NUM
epaa-8496	193	21	black	black	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	22	6,573	6,573	NUM
epaa-8496	193	23	20.0	20.0	NUM
epaa-8496	193	24	hispanic	hispanic	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	25	3,612	3,612	NUM
epaa-8496	193	26	11.0	11.0	NUM
epaa-8496	193	27	other	other	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	28	races	race	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	29	1,500	1,500	NUM
epaa-8496	193	30	4.5	4.5	NUM
epaa-8496	193	31	freeor	freeor	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	32	reduced	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	193	33	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	34	price	price	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	35	lunch	lunch	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	36	19,051	19,051	NUM
epaa-8496	193	37	57.9	57.9	NUM
epaa-8496	193	38	gifted	gifted	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	39	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	193	40	talented	talente	VERB
epaa-8496	193	41	4,439	4,439	NUM
epaa-8496	193	42	13.5	13.5	NUM
epaa-8496	193	43	english	english	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	44	language	language	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	45	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-8496	193	46	2,168	2,168	NUM
epaa-8496	193	47	6.6	6.6	NUM
epaa-8496	193	48	special	special	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	49	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	50	3,457	3,457	NUM
epaa-8496	193	51	10.5	10.5	NUM
epaa-8496	193	52	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	53	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	193	54	11	11	NUM
epaa-8496	193	55	among	among	ADP
epaa-8496	193	56	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	193	57	32,894	32,894	NUM
epaa-8496	193	58	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	59	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	193	60	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	193	61	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	62	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	63	females	female	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	64	account	account	VERB
epaa-8496	193	65	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	193	66	49.2	49.2	NUM
epaa-8496	193	67	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	68	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	69	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	193	70	most	most	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	71	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	72	identify	identify	VERB
epaa-8496	193	73	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	193	74	white	white	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	75	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	76	64.5	64.5	NUM
epaa-8496	193	77	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	78	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	79	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	80	followed	follow	VERB
epaa-8496	193	81	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	193	82	black	black	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	83	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	84	20.0	20.0	NUM
epaa-8496	193	85	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	86	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	87	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	88	hispanic	hispanic	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	89	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	90	11.0	11.0	NUM
epaa-8496	193	91	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	92	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	93	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	94	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	193	95	other	other	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	96	racial	racial	ADJ
epaa-8496	193	97	backgrounds	background	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	98	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	99	4.5	4.5	NUM
epaa-8496	193	100	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	193	101	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	193	102	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	194	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
epaa-8496	194	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	194	3	57.9	57.9	NUM
epaa-8496	194	4	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	194	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	194	6	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	194	7	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	194	8	qualifies	qualify	VERB
epaa-8496	194	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	194	10	freeor	freeor	PROPN
epaa-8496	194	11	reducedprice	reducedprice	PROPN
epaa-8496	194	12	lunch	lunch	NOUN
epaa-8496	194	13	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	194	14	frl	frl	PROPN
epaa-8496	194	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	194	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	195	1	other	other	ADJ
epaa-8496	195	2	programmatic	programmatic	ADJ
epaa-8496	195	3	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-8496	195	4	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	195	5	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-8496	195	6	follows	follow	VERB
epaa-8496	195	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	195	8	13.5	13.5	NUM
epaa-8496	195	9	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	195	10	enrolled	enrol	VERB
epaa-8496	195	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	195	12	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	195	13	gifted	gifted	ADJ
epaa-8496	195	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	195	15	talented	talented	ADJ
epaa-8496	195	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	195	17	gt	gt	INTJ
epaa-8496	195	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	195	19	program	program	NOUN
epaa-8496	195	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	195	21	6.6	6.6	NUM
epaa-8496	195	22	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	195	23	classified	classify	VERB
epaa-8496	195	24	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	195	25	english	english	PROPN
epaa-8496	195	26	language	language	NOUN
epaa-8496	195	27	learners	learner	NOUN
epaa-8496	195	28	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	195	29	ell	ell	NOUN
epaa-8496	195	30	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	195	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	195	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	195	33	10.5	10.5	NUM
epaa-8496	195	34	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	195	35	special	special	ADJ
epaa-8496	195	36	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	195	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	195	38	sped	speed	VERB
epaa-8496	195	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	195	40	services	service	NOUN
epaa-8496	195	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	196	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	2	finance	finance	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	3	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	4	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	196	5	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	196	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	196	7	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	8	spent	spend	VERB
epaa-8496	196	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	196	10	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	196	11	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	12	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	196	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	196	15	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	196	16	use	use	VERB
epaa-8496	196	17	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	196	18	annual	annual	ADJ
epaa-8496	196	19	statistical	statistical	ADJ
epaa-8496	196	20	reports1	reports1	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	21	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	196	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	196	23	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	196	24	division	division	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	196	26	elementary	elementary	ADJ
epaa-8496	196	27	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	196	28	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-8496	196	29	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	30	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	196	31	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
epaa-8496	196	32	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	33	2006	2006	NUM
epaa-8496	196	34	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	196	35	07	07	NUM
epaa-8496	196	36	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	196	37	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	196	38	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	196	39	19	19	NUM
epaa-8496	196	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	196	41	covering	cover	VERB
epaa-8496	196	42	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	196	43	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-8496	196	44	k-12	k-12	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	45	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	46	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	196	47	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	196	48	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	196	49	graduating	graduating	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	50	class	class	NOUN
epaa-8496	196	51	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	196	52	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	196	53	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	196	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	197	1	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	197	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	3	includes	include	VERB
epaa-8496	197	4	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	197	5	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	197	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	197	7	pupil	pupil	ADJ
epaa-8496	197	8	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	9	reported	report	VERB
epaa-8496	197	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	197	11	each	each	DET
epaa-8496	197	12	local	local	ADJ
epaa-8496	197	13	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	14	agency	agency	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	197	16	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	197	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	197	18	including	include	VERB
epaa-8496	197	19	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	20	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	197	22	charter	charter	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	23	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	197	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	197	26	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	197	27	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	197	28	virtual	virtual	ADJ
epaa-8496	197	29	academy.2	academy.2	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	30	using	use	VERB
epaa-8496	197	31	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	197	32	consumer	consumer	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	33	price	price	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	34	index	index	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	197	36	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	197	37	adjust	adjust	VERB
epaa-8496	197	38	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	197	39	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	197	40	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	197	41	pupil	pupil	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	42	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	43	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	197	44	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	197	45	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	197	46	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	197	47	dollars	dollar	NOUN
epaa-8496	197	48	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	198	1	then	then	ADV
epaa-8496	198	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	198	3	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	198	4	sum	sum	VERB
epaa-8496	198	5	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	198	6	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	198	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	198	8	pupil	pupil	NOUN
epaa-8496	198	9	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
epaa-8496	198	10	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	198	11	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	198	12	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	198	13	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	198	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	198	15	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	198	16	observed	observe	VERB
epaa-8496	198	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	198	18	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	198	19	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	198	20	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	198	21	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	198	22	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	198	23	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	198	24	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	198	25	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	198	26	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	198	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	198	28	educating	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	198	29	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	198	30	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	198	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	198	32	each	each	DET
epaa-8496	198	33	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	198	34	based	base	VERB
epaa-8496	198	35	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	198	36	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-8496	198	37	spending	spending	NOUN
epaa-8496	198	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	199	1	3	3	NUM
epaa-8496	199	2	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	3	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	4	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	5	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	199	7	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	199	8	research	research	PROPN
epaa-8496	199	9	council	council	PROPN
epaa-8496	199	10	estimates	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	199	11	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	199	12	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	199	13	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	199	14	resident	resident	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	199	16	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	199	17	bachelor	bachelor	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	18	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	199	19	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	20	will	will	AUX
epaa-8496	199	21	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-8496	199	22	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	199	23	1,250,000	1,250,000	NUM
epaa-8496	199	24	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	199	25	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	199	26	30	30	NUM
epaa-8496	199	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	199	28	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	29	career	career	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	199	31	2016	2016	NUM
epaa-8496	199	32	dollars	dollar	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	33	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	199	34	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	199	35	1,439,063	1,439,063	NUM
epaa-8496	199	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	199	37	cpi	cpi	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	38	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	199	39	adjusted	adjust	VERB
epaa-8496	199	40	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	199	41	dollars).4	dollars).4	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	42	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	199	43	center	center	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	44	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	199	45	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	46	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	199	47	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	199	48	workforce	workforce	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	49	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	199	50	georgetown	georgetown	PROPN
epaa-8496	199	51	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	199	52	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	199	53	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	199	54	nationwide	nationwide	ADJ
epaa-8496	199	55	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	199	56	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	199	57	individual	individual	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	58	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	199	59	dropped	drop	VERB
epaa-8496	199	60	out	out	ADP
epaa-8496	199	61	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	199	62	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	199	63	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	64	will	will	AUX
epaa-8496	199	65	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-8496	199	66	57	57	NUM
epaa-8496	199	67	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	68	less	less	ADJ
epaa-8496	199	69	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	199	70	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	71	wages	wage	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	72	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	199	73	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	199	74	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	199	75	individual	individual	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	76	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	199	77	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	199	78	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	79	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-8496	199	80	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	199	81	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	199	82	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	83	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	84	will	will	AUX
epaa-8496	199	85	earn	earn	VERB
epaa-8496	199	86	43	43	NUM
epaa-8496	199	87	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	88	less	less	ADJ
epaa-8496	199	89	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	199	90	compared	compare	VERB
epaa-8496	199	91	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	199	92	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	199	93	individual	individual	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	94	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	199	95	earned	earn	VERB
epaa-8496	199	96	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	199	97	bachelor	bachelor	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	98	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	199	99	degree	degree	NOUN
epaa-8496	199	100	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	200	1	5	5	NUM
epaa-8496	200	2	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-8496	200	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	200	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	200	5	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	200	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	200	7	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	200	8	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	200	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	200	10	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	200	11	residents	resident	NOUN
epaa-8496	200	12	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	200	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	200	14	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	200	15	618,221	618,221	NUM
epaa-8496	200	16	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-8496	200	17	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	200	18	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	200	19	dropped	drop	VERB
epaa-8496	200	20	out	out	ADP
epaa-8496	200	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	200	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	200	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	200	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	200	25	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	200	26	820,266	820,266	NUM
epaa-8496	200	27	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-8496	200	28	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	200	29	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	200	30	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	200	31	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	200	32	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	200	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	200	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	200	35	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	200	36	dollars	dollar	NOUN
epaa-8496	200	37	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	200	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	201	1	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	201	2	estimate	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	201	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	201	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	201	5	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	201	6	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	201	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	201	8	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	201	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	201	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	201	11	graduate	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	201	12	will	will	AUX
epaa-8496	201	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	201	14	very	very	ADV
epaa-8496	201	15	conservative	conservative	ADJ
epaa-8496	201	16	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-8496	201	17	many	many	ADJ
epaa-8496	201	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	201	19	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	201	20	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	201	21	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	201	22	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	201	23	go	go	VERB
epaa-8496	201	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	201	25	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	201	26	attain	attain	VERB
epaa-8496	201	27	more	more	ADJ
epaa-8496	201	28	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	201	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	202	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-8496	202	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	202	3	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	202	4	estimate	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	202	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	202	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	202	7	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	202	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	202	9	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	202	10	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	202	11	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	202	12	will	will	AUX
epaa-8496	202	13	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	202	14	conservative	conservative	ADJ
epaa-8496	202	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	203	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	203	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	203	3	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	203	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	203	5	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	203	6	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-8496	203	7	concerned	concerned	ADJ
epaa-8496	203	8	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	203	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	203	10	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	203	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	203	12	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	203	13	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	203	14	might	might	AUX
epaa-8496	203	15	result	result	VERB
epaa-8496	203	16	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	203	17	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	203	18	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	203	19	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	203	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	204	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	204	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	204	3	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	204	4	clear	clear	ADJ
epaa-8496	204	5	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-8496	204	6	many	many	ADJ
epaa-8496	204	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	204	8	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	204	9	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	204	10	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	204	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	204	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	204	13	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-8496	204	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	204	15	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	204	16	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	204	17	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	204	18	go	go	VERB
epaa-8496	204	19	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	204	20	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	204	21	receive	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	204	22	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	204	23	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	204	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	205	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-8496	205	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	205	3	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	205	4	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	205	5	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	205	6	conservative	conservative	ADJ
epaa-8496	205	7	estimate	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	205	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	205	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	205	10	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-8496	205	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	205	12	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	205	13	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	205	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	205	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	205	16	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	205	17	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	205	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	205	19	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	205	20	assume	assume	VERB
epaa-8496	205	21	those	those	PRON
epaa-8496	205	22	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	205	23	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	205	24	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	205	25	go	go	VERB
epaa-8496	205	26	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	205	27	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	205	28	attain	attain	VERB
epaa-8496	205	29	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	205	30	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	205	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	206	1	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	206	2	https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/offices/fiscal-and-administrative-services/publication-and-reports/annualstatistical-reports	https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/offices/fiscal-and-administrative-services/publication-and-reports/annualstatistical-report	NOUN
epaa-8496	206	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-8496	206	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	206	5	exclude	exclude	VERB
epaa-8496	206	6	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	206	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	206	8	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	206	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	206	10	blind	blind	ADJ
epaa-8496	206	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	206	12	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	206	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	206	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	206	15	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	206	16	deaf	deaf	NOUN
epaa-8496	206	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	206	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	206	19	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	206	20	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	206	21	division	division	NOUN
epaa-8496	206	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	206	23	youth	youth	NOUN
epaa-8496	206	24	services	service	NOUN
epaa-8496	206	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	207	1	3	3	NUM
epaa-8496	207	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	207	3	assume	assume	VERB
epaa-8496	207	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	207	5	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	207	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	207	7	resided	reside	VERB
epaa-8496	207	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	207	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	207	10	same	same	ADJ
epaa-8496	207	11	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	207	12	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	207	13	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	207	14	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	207	15	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-8496	207	16	k-12	k-12	NOUN
epaa-8496	207	17	schooling	school	VERB
epaa-8496	207	18	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	207	19	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	207	20	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	207	21	completed	complete	VERB
epaa-8496	207	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	207	23	first	first	ADJ
epaa-8496	207	24	nine	nine	NUM
epaa-8496	207	25	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	207	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	207	27	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	207	28	schooling	schooling	NOUN
epaa-8496	207	29	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	207	30	skipping	skip	VERB
epaa-8496	207	31	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	207	32	repeating	repeat	VERB
epaa-8496	207	33	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	207	34	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	207	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	208	1	if	if	SCONJ
epaa-8496	208	2	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	208	3	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	208	4	no	no	ADV
epaa-8496	208	5	longer	long	ADV
epaa-8496	208	6	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-8496	208	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	208	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	208	9	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	208	10	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	208	11	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	208	12	some	some	DET
epaa-8496	208	13	point	point	NOUN
epaa-8496	208	14	after	after	ADP
epaa-8496	208	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	208	16	freshman	freshman	NOUN
epaa-8496	208	17	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	208	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	208	19	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	208	20	assume	assume	VERB
epaa-8496	208	21	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	208	22	dropped	drop	VERB
epaa-8496	208	23	out	out	ADP
epaa-8496	208	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	208	25	do	do	AUX
epaa-8496	208	26	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	208	27	include	include	VERB
epaa-8496	208	28	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
epaa-8496	208	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	208	30	that	that	DET
epaa-8496	208	31	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	208	32	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	208	33	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	208	34	remaining	remain	VERB
epaa-8496	208	35	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	208	36	after	after	SCONJ
epaa-8496	208	37	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	208	38	disappear	disappear	VERB
epaa-8496	208	39	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	208	40	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	208	41	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	208	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	209	1	4	4	NUM
epaa-8496	209	2	https://arc.arkansas.gov/arcweb/research/arkansas_esr_2018_summary.pdf	https://arc.arkansas.gov/arcweb/research/arkansas_esr_2018_summary.pdf	PROPN
epaa-8496	209	3	5	5	NUM
epaa-8496	209	4	https://cew.georgetown.edu/wp-content/uploads/collegepayoff-completed.pdf	https://cew.georgetown.edu/wp-content/uploads/collegepayoff-completed.pdf	NOUN
epaa-8496	209	5	https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/offices/fiscal-and-administrative-services/publication-and-reports/annual-statistical-reports	https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/offices/fiscal-and-administrative-services/publication-and-reports/annual-statistical-report	NOUN
epaa-8496	209	6	https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/offices/fiscal-and-administrative-services/publication-and-reports/annual-statistical-reports	https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/offices/fiscal-and-administrative-services/publication-and-reports/annual-statistical-report	NOUN
epaa-8496	209	7	https://arc.arkansas.gov/arcweb/research/arkansas_esr_2018_summary.pdf	https://arc.arkansas.gov/arcweb/research/arkansas_esr_2018_summary.pdf	ADJ
epaa-8496	209	8	https://cew.georgetown.edu/wp-content/uploads/collegepayoff-completed.pdf	https://cew.georgetown.edu/wp-content/uploads/collegepayoff-completed.pdf	X
epaa-8496	209	9	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	209	10	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	209	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	209	12	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	209	13	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	209	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	209	15	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	210	1	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	210	2	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	211	1	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	211	2	12	12	NUM
epaa-8496	211	3	results	result	VERB
epaa-8496	211	4	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	211	5	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	211	6	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
epaa-8496	211	7	trends	trend	NOUN
epaa-8496	211	8	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	211	9	first	first	ADV
epaa-8496	211	10	identify	identify	VERB
epaa-8496	211	11	which	which	PRON
epaa-8496	211	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	211	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	211	14	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	211	15	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	211	16	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	211	17	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	211	18	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	211	19	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	211	20	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	211	21	been	be	AUX
epaa-8496	211	22	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	211	23	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	211	24	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	211	25	macro	macro	ADJ
epaa-8496	211	26	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	211	27	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	211	28	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	211	29	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	211	30	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	211	31	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	211	32	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	211	33	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	211	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	211	35	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	211	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	211	37	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	212	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	212	2	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	212	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-8496	212	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	212	5	show	show	VERB
epaa-8496	212	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	212	7	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	212	8	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	212	9	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	212	10	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	212	11	changed	change	VERB
epaa-8496	212	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	212	13	failure	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	212	14	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	212	15	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	212	16	due	due	ADJ
epaa-8496	212	17	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	212	18	retrospective	retrospective	ADJ
epaa-8496	212	19	application	application	NOUN
epaa-8496	212	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	212	21	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	212	22	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	212	23	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	212	24	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	212	25	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	212	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	212	27	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	212	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	213	1	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	213	2	2	2	NUM
epaa-8496	213	3	percentage	percentage	NOUN
epaa-8496	213	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	213	5	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	213	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	213	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	213	8	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	213	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	213	10	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	213	11	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	213	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	213	13	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	213	14	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	213	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	213	16	fy16	fy16	PROPN
epaa-8496	213	17	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	213	18	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	213	19	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	213	20	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	213	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	214	1	n	n	ADV
epaa-8496	214	2	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	215	1	n	n	PRON
epaa-8496	215	2	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	215	3	total	total	NOUN
epaa-8496	215	4	315,013	315,013	NUM
epaa-8496	215	5	100.0	100.0	NUM
epaa-8496	215	6	32,894	32,894	NUM
epaa-8496	215	7	100.0	100.0	NUM
epaa-8496	215	8	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	215	9	20,569	20,569	NUM
epaa-8496	215	10	6.5	6.5	NUM
epaa-8496	215	11	7,806	7,806	NUM
epaa-8496	215	12	23.7	23.7	NUM
epaa-8496	215	13	now	now	ADV
epaa-8496	215	14	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	215	15	4,570	4,570	NUM
epaa-8496	215	16	1.4	1.4	NUM
epaa-8496	215	17	3,178	3,178	NUM
epaa-8496	215	18	9.7	9.7	NUM
epaa-8496	215	19	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	215	20	2	2	NUM
epaa-8496	215	21	consists	consist	VERB
epaa-8496	215	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	215	23	two	two	NUM
epaa-8496	215	24	sections	section	NOUN
epaa-8496	215	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	216	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	216	2	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	216	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	216	4	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	216	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	216	6	315,013	315,013	NUM
epaa-8496	216	7	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	216	8	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	216	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	216	10	taken	take	VERB
epaa-8496	216	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	216	12	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	216	13	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	216	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	216	15	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	216	16	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	216	17	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	216	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	217	1	among	among	ADP
epaa-8496	217	2	these	these	PRON
epaa-8496	217	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	217	4	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	217	5	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	217	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	217	7	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	217	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	217	9	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	217	10	6.5	6.5	NUM
epaa-8496	217	11	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	217	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	217	13	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	217	14	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	217	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	218	1	after	after	ADP
epaa-8496	218	2	generating	generate	VERB
epaa-8496	218	3	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	218	4	new	new	ADJ
epaa-8496	218	5	variable	variable	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	6	limiting	limit	VERB
epaa-8496	218	7	mid	mid	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	8	-	-	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	9	quarter	quarter	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	218	11	mid	mid	ADJ
epaa-8496	218	12	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	218	13	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	14	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	15	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	218	16	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	218	17	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	218	18	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	218	20	50	50	NUM
epaa-8496	218	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	218	22	this	this	PRON
epaa-8496	218	23	changed	change	VERB
epaa-8496	218	24	1.4	1.4	NUM
epaa-8496	218	25	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	218	27	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	28	final	final	ADJ
epaa-8496	218	29	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	218	31	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	218	32	than	than	ADP
epaa-8496	218	33	carey	carey	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	218	35	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	36	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	218	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	218	38	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	218	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	218	40	0.3	0.3	NUM
epaa-8496	218	41	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	42	final	final	ADJ
epaa-8496	218	43	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	218	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	219	1	about	about	ADV
epaa-8496	219	2	24	24	NUM
epaa-8496	219	3	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	219	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	219	5	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	219	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	219	7	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	219	8	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	219	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	219	10	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	219	11	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	219	12	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	219	13	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	219	14	least	least	ADV
epaa-8496	219	15	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	219	16	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	219	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	219	18	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	219	19	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	219	20	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	219	21	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	219	22	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	219	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	220	1	yet	yet	ADV
epaa-8496	220	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	220	3	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	220	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	220	5	recalculated	recalculate	VERB
epaa-8496	220	6	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	220	7	final	final	ADJ
epaa-8496	220	8	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	220	9	after	after	ADP
epaa-8496	220	10	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	220	11	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	220	12	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	220	13	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	220	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	220	15	9.7	9.7	NUM
epaa-8496	220	16	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	220	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	220	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	220	19	were	be	AUX
epaa-8496	220	20	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	220	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	220	22	earned	earn	VERB
epaa-8496	220	23	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	220	24	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	220	25	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	220	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	220	27	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-8496	220	28	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	220	29	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	220	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	220	31	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	220	32	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	220	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	220	34	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	220	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	220	36	8.4	8.4	NUM
epaa-8496	220	37	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	220	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	220	39	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	220	40	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	220	41	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	220	42	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	220	43	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	220	44	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	220	45	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	220	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	221	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	221	2	some	some	DET
epaa-8496	221	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	221	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	221	6	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	221	8	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	9	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	10	during	during	ADP
epaa-8496	221	11	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	221	12	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	221	13	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	221	14	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	15	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	221	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	221	17	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	221	18	all	all	DET
epaa-8496	221	19	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	20	during	during	ADP
epaa-8496	221	21	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	221	22	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	221	23	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	221	24	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	25	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	26	predicts	predict	VERB
epaa-8496	221	27	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	221	28	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	221	29	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	30	will	will	AUX
epaa-8496	221	31	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	221	32	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	221	33	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	221	35	other	other	ADJ
epaa-8496	221	36	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	37	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	221	38	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	221	39	less	less	ADV
epaa-8496	221	40	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
epaa-8496	221	41	threshold	threshold	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	221	43	suggesting	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	221	44	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	221	45	even	even	ADV
epaa-8496	221	46	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	221	47	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	221	48	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	221	49	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	50	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	221	51	put	put	VERB
epaa-8496	221	52	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	221	53	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	54	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	221	55	track	track	NOUN
epaa-8496	221	56	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	221	57	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	221	58	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	221	59	allensworth	allensworth	PROPN
epaa-8496	221	60	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	221	61	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	221	62	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	221	63	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	221	64	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	221	65	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	221	66	et	et	PROPN
epaa-8496	221	67	al	al	PROPN
epaa-8496	221	68	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	221	69	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	221	70	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	221	71	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	221	72	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	221	73	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	221	74	mckenzie	mckenzie	PROPN
epaa-8496	221	75	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	221	76	2024a	2024a	NUM
epaa-8496	221	77	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	221	78	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	222	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-8496	222	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	222	3	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	222	4	select	select	VERB
epaa-8496	222	5	two	two	NUM
epaa-8496	222	6	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	222	8	interest	interest	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	9	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	222	10	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	222	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	12	among	among	ADP
epaa-8496	222	13	those	those	DET
epaa-8496	222	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	222	16	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	222	17	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	18	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	222	19	did	do	AUX
epaa-8496	222	20	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	222	21	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	222	22	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	222	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	24	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	222	25	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	222	26	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	222	27	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	28	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	222	29	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	222	30	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	222	31	at	at	ADV
epaa-8496	222	32	least	least	ADV
epaa-8496	222	33	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	222	34	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	222	35	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	36	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	222	37	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	222	38	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	222	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	222	41	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	222	42	-grade	-grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	43	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	44	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	222	45	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	222	46	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	222	47	passed	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	222	48	all	all	DET
epaa-8496	222	49	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	222	50	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	51	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	222	52	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	222	53	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	222	54	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	222	55	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	56	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	222	57	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	58	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	222	59	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	223	1	assuming	assume	VERB
epaa-8496	223	2	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	223	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	223	5	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	223	6	two	two	NUM
epaa-8496	223	7	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	8	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	223	9	go	go	VERB
epaa-8496	223	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	223	11	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	223	12	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	223	13	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	223	14	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	15	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	223	16	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	17	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	223	19	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	223	20	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	223	21	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	223	22	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	223	24	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	223	25	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	223	27	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	223	28	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	223	29	estimat	estimat	ADJ
epaa-8496	223	30	ed	ed	PROPN
epaa-8496	223	31	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	223	32	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	33	following	follow	VERB
epaa-8496	223	34	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	223	35	success	success	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	36	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	223	37	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	223	38	first	first	ADJ
epaa-8496	223	39	group	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	40	representing	represent	VERB
epaa-8496	223	41	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	223	42	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	223	43	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	223	44	estimate	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	45	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	223	46	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	223	47	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	223	48	impacts	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	49	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	223	50	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	51	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	52	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	223	53	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	223	54	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	223	55	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	223	56	second	second	ADJ
epaa-8496	223	57	group	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	58	representing	represent	VERB
epaa-8496	223	59	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	223	60	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	223	61	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	223	62	estimates	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	63	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	223	64	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	223	65	put	put	VERB
epaa-8496	223	66	another	another	DET
epaa-8496	223	67	way	way	NOUN
epaa-8496	223	68	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	223	69	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	223	70	conservative	conservative	ADJ
epaa-8496	223	71	estima	estima	PROPN
epaa-8496	223	72	te	te	PROPN
epaa-8496	223	73	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	224	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	224	2	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	224	3	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	224	4	demographic	demographic	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	224	6	programmatic	programmatic	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	7	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	224	9	all	all	DET
epaa-8496	224	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	224	12	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	224	13	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	224	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	16	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	224	17	did	do	AUX
epaa-8496	224	18	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	224	19	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	224	20	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-8496	224	21	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	224	22	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	224	23	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	224	24	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	224	25	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	26	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	27	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	224	28	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	224	29	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	30	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	224	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	224	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	224	33	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	224	34	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	35	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	224	36	did	do	AUX
epaa-8496	224	37	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	224	38	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	224	39	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-8496	224	40	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	224	41	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	224	42	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	224	43	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	224	44	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	45	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	46	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	224	47	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	224	48	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	49	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	224	50	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	224	51	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	52	3	3	NUM
epaa-8496	224	53	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	224	54	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	55	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	224	56	13	13	NUM
epaa-8496	224	57	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	58	3	3	NUM
epaa-8496	224	59	demographic	demographic	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	60	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	224	61	programmatic	programmatic	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	62	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	63	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	224	64	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	65	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	224	66	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	67	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	224	68	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	224	69	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	70	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	71	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	224	72	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	224	73	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	74	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	224	75	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	76	bounds	bound	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	77	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	224	78	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	224	79	fy16	fy16	PROPN
epaa-8496	224	80	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	81	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	224	82	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	83	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	84	broad	broad	ADV
epaa-8496	224	85	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	224	86	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	87	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	224	88	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	89	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	90	n	n	PRON
epaa-8496	224	91	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	92	n	n	PRON
epaa-8496	224	93	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	94	n	n	CCONJ
epaa-8496	224	95	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	96	female	female	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	97	398	398	NUM
epaa-8496	224	98	38.2	38.2	NUM
epaa-8496	224	99	114	114	NUM
epaa-8496	224	100	43.0	43.0	NUM
epaa-8496	224	101	16,173	16,173	NUM
epaa-8496	224	102	49.2	49.2	NUM
epaa-8496	224	103	male	male	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	104	644	644	NUM
epaa-8496	224	105	61.8	61.8	NUM
epaa-8496	224	106	151	151	NUM
epaa-8496	224	107	57.0	57.0	NUM
epaa-8496	224	108	16,721	16,721	NUM
epaa-8496	224	109	50.8	50.8	NUM
epaa-8496	224	110	white	white	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	111	593	593	NUM
epaa-8496	224	112	56.9	56.9	NUM
epaa-8496	224	113	170	170	NUM
epaa-8496	224	114	64.2	64.2	NUM
epaa-8496	224	115	21,209	21,209	NUM
epaa-8496	224	116	64.5	64.5	NUM
epaa-8496	224	117	black	black	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	118	292	292	NUM
epaa-8496	224	119	28.0	28.0	NUM
epaa-8496	224	120	62	62	NUM
epaa-8496	224	121	23.4	23.4	NUM
epaa-8496	224	122	6,573	6,573	NUM
epaa-8496	224	123	20.0	20.0	NUM
epaa-8496	224	124	hispanic	hispanic	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	125	122	122	NUM
epaa-8496	224	126	11.8	11.8	NUM
epaa-8496	224	127	26	26	NUM
epaa-8496	224	128	9.8	9.8	NUM
epaa-8496	224	129	3,612	3,612	NUM
epaa-8496	224	130	11.0	11.0	NUM
epaa-8496	224	131	other	other	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	132	races	race	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	133	35	35	NUM
epaa-8496	224	134	3.4	3.4	NUM
epaa-8496	224	135	7	7	NUM
epaa-8496	224	136	2.6	2.6	NUM
epaa-8496	224	137	1,500	1,500	NUM
epaa-8496	224	138	4.5	4.5	NUM
epaa-8496	224	139	frl	frl	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	140	839	839	NUM
epaa-8496	224	141	80.5	80.5	NUM
epaa-8496	224	142	197	197	NUM
epaa-8496	224	143	74.3	74.3	NUM
epaa-8496	224	144	19,051	19,051	NUM
epaa-8496	224	145	57.9	57.9	NUM
epaa-8496	224	146	gt	gt	PROPN
epaa-8496	224	147	44	44	NUM
epaa-8496	224	148	4.2	4.2	NUM
epaa-8496	224	149	16	16	NUM
epaa-8496	224	150	6.0	6.0	NUM
epaa-8496	224	151	4,439	4,439	NUM
epaa-8496	224	152	13.5	13.5	NUM
epaa-8496	224	153	ell	ell	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	154	74	74	NUM
epaa-8496	224	155	7.1	7.1	NUM
epaa-8496	224	156	16	16	NUM
epaa-8496	224	157	6.0	6.0	NUM
epaa-8496	224	158	2,168	2,168	NUM
epaa-8496	224	159	6.6	6.6	NUM
epaa-8496	224	160	sped	speed	VERB
epaa-8496	224	161	107	107	NUM
epaa-8496	224	162	10.3	10.3	NUM
epaa-8496	224	163	24	24	NUM
epaa-8496	224	164	9.1	9.1	NUM
epaa-8496	224	165	3,457	3,457	NUM
epaa-8496	224	166	10.5	10.5	NUM
epaa-8496	224	167	total	total	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	168	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	224	169	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	170	1042	1042	NUM
epaa-8496	224	171	3.2	3.2	NUM
epaa-8496	224	172	265	265	NUM
epaa-8496	224	173	0.8	0.8	NUM
epaa-8496	224	174	32894	32894	NUM
epaa-8496	224	175	100.0	100.0	NUM
epaa-8496	224	176	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	224	177	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	224	178	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	179	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	224	180	3.2	3.2	NUM
epaa-8496	224	181	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	182	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	224	183	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	184	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	224	185	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	224	186	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	187	both	both	PRON
epaa-8496	224	188	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	224	189	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	224	190	impacted	impact	VERB
epaa-8496	224	191	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	224	192	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	224	193	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	194	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	195	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	196	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	224	197	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	224	198	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	199	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	224	200	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-8496	224	201	historically	historically	ADV
epaa-8496	224	202	did	do	AUX
epaa-8496	224	203	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	224	204	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	224	205	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	206	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	207	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	224	208	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	224	209	0.8	0.8	NUM
epaa-8496	224	210	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	224	211	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	224	212	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	224	213	impacted	impact	VERB
epaa-8496	224	214	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	224	215	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	224	216	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	224	217	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	224	218	but	but	CCONJ
epaa-8496	224	219	historically	historically	ADV
epaa-8496	224	220	did	do	AUX
epaa-8496	224	221	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	224	222	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	224	223	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	225	1	comparing	compare	VERB
epaa-8496	225	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	225	3	demographic	demographic	ADJ
epaa-8496	225	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	225	5	programmatic	programmatic	ADJ
epaa-8496	225	6	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-8496	225	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	225	8	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	225	9	two	two	NUM
epaa-8496	225	10	group	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	225	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	225	12	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	225	13	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	225	14	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	225	15	reveals	reveal	VERB
epaa-8496	225	16	interesting	interesting	ADJ
epaa-8496	225	17	patterns	pattern	NOUN
epaa-8496	225	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	226	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	226	2	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	226	3	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	226	4	group	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	226	5	closely	closely	ADV
epaa-8496	226	6	aligns	align	VERB
epaa-8496	226	7	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	226	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	226	9	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	226	10	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	226	11	regarding	regard	VERB
epaa-8496	226	12	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
epaa-8496	226	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	226	14	indicating	indicate	VERB
epaa-8496	226	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	226	16	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	226	17	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	226	18	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	226	19	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	226	20	representative	representative	NOUN
epaa-8496	226	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	226	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	226	23	o	o	NOUN
epaa-8496	226	24	verall	verall	ADJ
epaa-8496	226	25	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	226	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	226	27	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	226	28	population	population	NOUN
epaa-8496	226	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	227	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	227	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	227	3	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	227	4	notable	notable	ADJ
epaa-8496	227	5	distinction	distinction	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	6	emerges	emerge	VERB
epaa-8496	227	7	—	—	PUNCT
epaa-8496	227	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	227	9	percentage	percentage	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	227	11	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	12	receiving	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	227	13	freeor	freeor	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	14	reduced	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	227	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	227	16	price	price	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	17	lunch	lunch	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	227	19	frl	frl	PROPN
epaa-8496	227	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	227	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	227	22	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	227	23	indicator	indicator	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	24	often	often	ADV
epaa-8496	227	25	used	use	VERB
epaa-8496	227	26	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	227	27	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	227	28	proxy	proxy	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	227	30	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	227	31	disadvantage	disadvantage	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	227	33	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	227	34	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-8496	227	35	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	227	36	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	227	37	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-8496	227	38	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	227	39	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	227	40	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	227	41	nar	nar	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	42	row	row	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	43	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	227	44	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	45	than	than	ADP
epaa-8496	227	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	227	47	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	227	48	full	full	ADJ
epaa-8496	227	49	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	50	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	227	51	suggesting	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	227	52	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	227	53	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	227	54	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	227	55	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	228	1	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	228	2	observation	observation	NOUN
epaa-8496	228	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	228	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	228	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	228	6	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	228	7	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	228	8	group	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	228	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	228	10	which	which	PRON
epaa-8496	228	11	reflects	reflect	VERB
epaa-8496	228	12	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	228	13	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	228	14	conservative	conservative	ADJ
epaa-8496	228	15	representation	representation	NOUN
epaa-8496	228	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	228	17	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	228	18	’s	’s	PART
epaa-8496	228	19	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	228	20	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	228	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	228	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	229	1	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	229	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	229	3	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	229	4	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-8496	229	5	shown	show	VERB
epaa-8496	229	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	229	7	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	229	8	4	4	NUM
epaa-8496	229	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	229	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	229	11	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	229	12	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	229	13	19	19	NUM
epaa-8496	229	14	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	229	15	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	229	16	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	229	17	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	229	18	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	229	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	229	20	track	track	NOUN
epaa-8496	229	21	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	229	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	229	23	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	229	24	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	229	25	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	229	26	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	229	27	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	229	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	230	1	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	230	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	230	3	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	230	4	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	230	5	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	230	6	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	230	7	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	230	8	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	230	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	230	10	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	230	11	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	230	12	statewide	statewide	ADV
epaa-8496	230	13	was	be	AUX
epaa-8496	230	14	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	230	15	10,217	10,217	NUM
epaa-8496	230	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	231	1	using	use	VERB
epaa-8496	231	2	historical	historical	ADJ
epaa-8496	231	3	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	231	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	231	5	level	level	NOUN
epaa-8496	231	6	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
epaa-8496	231	7	back	back	ADV
epaa-8496	231	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	231	9	2006	2006	NUM
epaa-8496	231	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	231	11	07	07	NUM
epaa-8496	231	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	231	13	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	231	14	find	find	VERB
epaa-8496	231	15	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	231	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	231	17	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	231	18	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	231	19	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	231	20	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	231	21	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	231	22	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	231	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	231	24	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	231	25	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	231	26	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	231	27	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	231	28	entire	entire	ADJ
epaa-8496	231	29	duration	duration	NOUN
epaa-8496	231	30	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	231	31	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	231	32	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	231	33	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	231	34	was	be	AUX
epaa-8496	231	35	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	231	36	137,976	137,976	NUM
epaa-8496	231	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	231	38	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	231	39	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	231	40	dollars	dollar	NOUN
epaa-8496	231	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	231	42	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	232	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	232	2	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-8496	232	3	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	232	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	232	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	232	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	232	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	232	8	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	232	9	spent	spend	VERB
epaa-8496	232	10	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	232	11	663,949,888	663,949,888	NUM
epaa-8496	232	12	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	232	13	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	232	14	5,630	5,630	NUM
epaa-8496	232	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	232	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	232	17	17.1	17.1	NUM
epaa-8496	232	18	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	232	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	232	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	232	21	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	232	22	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	232	23	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	232	24	did	do	AUX
epaa-8496	232	25	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	232	26	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	232	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	233	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	233	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	233	3	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	233	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	233	5	simulate	simulate	VERB
epaa-8496	233	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	233	7	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	233	9	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	233	10	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	233	11	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	233	12	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	13	upon	upon	SCONJ
epaa-8496	233	14	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	233	15	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	16	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	233	17	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	18	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	233	20	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	233	21	find	find	VERB
epaa-8496	233	22	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	233	23	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	233	24	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	233	25	-bound	-bound	ADJ
epaa-8496	233	26	estimate	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	27	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	233	28	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-8496	233	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	233	30	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	233	31	reduction	reduction	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	233	33	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	233	34	38,256,308	38,256,308	NUM
epaa-8496	233	35	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	233	36	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	233	37	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	38	spent	spend	VERB
epaa-8496	233	39	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	233	40	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	233	41	-graduating	-graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	233	42	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	233	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	233	45	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	233	46	broad	broad	ADV
epaa-8496	233	47	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	233	48	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	233	49	estimate	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	50	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	233	51	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-8496	233	52	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	233	53	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	233	54	reduction	reduction	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	55	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	233	56	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	233	57	154,523,456	154,523,456	NUM
epaa-8496	233	58	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	233	59	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	233	60	amount	amount	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	61	spent	spend	VERB
epaa-8496	233	62	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	233	63	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	233	64	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	233	65	graduating	graduating	ADJ
epaa-8496	233	66	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	233	67	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	234	1	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	234	2	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	234	3	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	234	4	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	234	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	234	6	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	234	7	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	234	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	234	9	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	234	10	its	its	PRON
epaa-8496	234	11	highest	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	234	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	234	13	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	234	14	likely	likely	ADV
epaa-8496	234	15	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	234	16	increased	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	234	17	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	234	18	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	234	19	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	234	20	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	234	21	-effectiveness	-effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	234	22	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	234	23	23	23	NUM
epaa-8496	234	24	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	234	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	234	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	234	27	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	234	28	its	its	PRON
epaa-8496	234	29	lowest	low	ADJ
epaa-8496	234	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	234	31	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	234	32	6	6	NUM
epaa-8496	234	33	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	234	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	235	1	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	235	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
epaa-8496	235	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	235	4	visualized	visualize	VERB
epaa-8496	235	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	235	6	figure	figure	NOUN
epaa-8496	235	7	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	235	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	236	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	236	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	236	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	236	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	236	5	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	236	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	237	1	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	237	2	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	237	3	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	238	1	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	238	2	14	14	NUM
epaa-8496	238	3	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	238	4	4	4	NUM
epaa-8496	238	5	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	238	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	238	7	level	level	NOUN
epaa-8496	238	8	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	238	9	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	238	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	238	11	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	238	12	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	238	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	238	14	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	238	15	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	238	16	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	238	17	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	238	18	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	238	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	239	1	fy16	fy16	PROPN
epaa-8496	239	2	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	239	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	239	4	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	239	5	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	239	6	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-8496	239	7	min	min	PROPN
epaa-8496	239	8	max	max	PROPN
epaa-8496	239	9	fy19	fy19	PROPN
epaa-8496	239	10	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	239	11	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
epaa-8496	239	12	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	239	13	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	239	14	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	239	15	10,217	10,217	NUM
epaa-8496	239	16	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	239	17	647	647	NUM
epaa-8496	239	18	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	239	19	27,030	27,030	NUM
epaa-8496	239	20	avg	avg	NOUN
epaa-8496	239	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	240	1	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	240	2	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	240	3	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	240	4	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	240	5	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	240	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	240	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	240	8	k5	k5	PROPN
epaa-8496	240	9	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	240	10	exit	exit	VERB
epaa-8496	240	11	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	240	12	137,976	137,976	NUM
epaa-8496	240	13	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	240	14	77,420	77,420	NUM
epaa-8496	240	15	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	240	16	351,391	351,391	NUM
epaa-8496	240	17	avg	avg	NOUN
epaa-8496	240	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	241	1	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	241	2	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	241	3	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	241	4	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	241	5	all	all	DET
epaa-8496	241	6	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	241	7	-	-	NOUN
epaa-8496	241	8	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	241	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	241	10	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	241	11	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	241	12	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	241	13	663,949,888	663,949,888	NUM
epaa-8496	241	14	avg	avg	NOUN
epaa-8496	241	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	242	1	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	242	2	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	242	3	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	242	4	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	242	5	all	all	DET
epaa-8496	242	6	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	242	7	-	-	NOUN
epaa-8496	242	8	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	242	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	242	10	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	242	11	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	242	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	242	13	nb	nb	NOUN
epaa-8496	242	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	242	15	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	242	16	625,693,580	625,693,580	NUM
epaa-8496	242	17	avg	avg	NOUN
epaa-8496	242	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	1	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	243	2	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	3	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	243	4	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	243	5	all	all	DET
epaa-8496	243	6	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	243	7	-	-	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	8	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	10	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	243	11	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	243	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	13	bb	bb	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	15	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	243	16	509,426,432	509,426,432	NUM
epaa-8496	243	17	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	18	decrease	decrease	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	243	20	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	21	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	243	22	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	243	23	non	non	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	24	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	243	25	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	26	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	27	nb	nb	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	28	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	29	-5.8	-5.8	ADJ
epaa-8496	243	30	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	31	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	32	decrease	decrease	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	243	34	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	35	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	243	36	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	243	37	non	non	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	38	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	243	39	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	40	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	41	bb	bb	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	42	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	43	-23.3	-23.3	NUM
epaa-8496	243	44	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	45	note	note	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	46	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	47	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	243	48	=	=	SYM
epaa-8496	243	49	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	50	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	51	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	52	bb	bb	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	53	=	=	SYM
epaa-8496	243	54	broad	broad	ADV
epaa-8496	243	55	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	243	56	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	57	nb	nb	NOUN
epaa-8496	243	58	=	=	PUNCT
epaa-8496	243	59	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	243	60	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	243	61	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	244	1	figure	figure	VERB
epaa-8496	244	2	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	244	3	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	244	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	244	5	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	244	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	244	7	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	244	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	244	9	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	244	10	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	244	11	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	244	12	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	244	13	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	244	14	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	244	15	graduating	graduating	ADJ
epaa-8496	244	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	244	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	244	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	245	1	fy16	fy16	PROPN
epaa-8496	245	2	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	245	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	245	4	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	5	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	245	7	concentration	concentration	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	245	9	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	10	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	245	11	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	245	12	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	13	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	245	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	245	16	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	245	17	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	245	18	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	19	varies	vary	VERB
epaa-8496	245	20	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	245	21	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	22	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	245	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	245	24	50	50	NUM
epaa-8496	245	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	245	26	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	245	27	252	252	NUM
epaa-8496	245	28	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	245	30	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	245	31	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	245	33	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	245	34	gr	gr	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	35	ading	ading	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	36	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	245	37	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	245	38	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	245	39	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	245	40	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	41	at	at	ADV
epaa-8496	245	42	all	all	ADV
epaa-8496	245	43	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	245	44	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	245	45	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-8496	245	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	245	47	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	245	48	assume	assume	VERB
epaa-8496	245	49	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	245	50	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	245	51	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	52	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	53	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	245	54	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	245	55	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	245	56	change	change	VERB
epaa-8496	245	57	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	246	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
epaa-8496	246	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	246	3	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	246	4	examined	examine	VERB
epaa-8496	246	5	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	246	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	246	7	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	246	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	246	9	11	11	NUM
epaa-8496	246	10	arkansas	arkansa	NOUN
epaa-8496	246	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	246	12	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	246	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	246	14	listed	list	VERB
epaa-8496	246	15	anonymously	anonymously	ADV
epaa-8496	246	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	246	17	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	246	18	5	5	NUM
epaa-8496	246	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	247	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-8496	247	2	includes	include	VERB
epaa-8496	247	3	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	247	4	top	top	ADJ
epaa-8496	247	5	five	five	NUM
epaa-8496	247	6	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	247	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	247	8	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	247	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	247	10	concentration	concentration	NOUN
epaa-8496	247	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	247	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	247	13	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	247	14	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	247	15	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	247	16	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	247	17	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	247	18	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	247	19	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	247	20	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	247	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	247	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	247	23	top	top	ADJ
epaa-8496	247	24	five	five	NUM
epaa-8496	247	25	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	247	26	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	247	27	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	247	28	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	247	29	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	247	30	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	247	31	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	247	32	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	247	33	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	247	34	overlapping	overlapping	ADJ
epaa-8496	247	35	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	247	36	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	247	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	247	38	as	as	ADV
epaa-8496	247	39	well	well	ADV
epaa-8496	247	40	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	247	41	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	247	42	only	only	ADJ
epaa-8496	247	43	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	247	44	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	247	45	appears	appear	VERB
epaa-8496	247	46	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	247	47	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	247	48	top	top	ADJ
epaa-8496	247	49	10	10	NUM
epaa-8496	247	50	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	247	51	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	247	52	both	both	DET
epaa-8496	247	53	bounds	bound	NOUN
epaa-8496	247	54	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	247	55	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	247	56	k	k	NOUN
epaa-8496	247	57	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	247	58	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	248	1	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	248	3	15	15	NUM
epaa-8496	248	4	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	5	5	5	NUM
epaa-8496	248	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	248	8	level	level	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	9	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	10	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	248	12	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	248	13	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	248	14	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	248	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	248	17	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	248	18	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	248	19	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	248	21	fy16	fy16	PROPN
epaa-8496	248	22	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	248	23	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	248	24	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	25	n	n	PRON
epaa-8496	248	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	248	28	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	29	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	30	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	31	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	32	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	248	33	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	248	34	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	248	35	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	248	36	fy19	fy19	PROPN
epaa-8496	248	37	avg	avg	PROPN
epaa-8496	248	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	249	1	exp	exp	PROPN
epaa-8496	249	2	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	250	1	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	250	2	pupil	pupil	NOUN
epaa-8496	250	3	avg	avg	PROPN
epaa-8496	250	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	251	1	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	251	2	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	251	3	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	251	4	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	251	5	student	student	PROPN
epaa-8496	251	6	avg	avg	PROPN
epaa-8496	251	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	252	1	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	252	2	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	3	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	252	4	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	252	5	nongraduates	nongraduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	6	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	7	decrease	decrease	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	252	9	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	10	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	252	11	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	252	12	non	non	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	13	-	-	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	14	graduates	graduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	15	bb	bb	INTJ
epaa-8496	252	16	nb	nb	INTJ
epaa-8496	252	17	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	252	18	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	252	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	252	20	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	252	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	252	22	bb	bb	VERB
epaa-8496	252	23	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	252	24	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	252	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	252	26	nb	nb	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	27	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	252	28	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	252	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	252	30	bb	bb	VERB
epaa-8496	252	31	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	252	32	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	252	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	252	34	nb	nb	PROPN
epaa-8496	252	35	district	district	PROPN
epaa-8496	252	36	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	252	37	57	57	NUM
epaa-8496	252	38	86.0	86.0	NUM
epaa-8496	252	39	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	40	8.8	8.8	NUM
epaa-8496	252	41	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	42	7.0	7.0	NUM
epaa-8496	252	43	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	44	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	45	8,103	8,103	NUM
epaa-8496	252	46	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	47	120,866	120,866	NUM
epaa-8496	252	48	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	49	773,958	773,958	NUM
epaa-8496	252	50	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	51	145,376	145,376	NUM
epaa-8496	252	52	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	53	271,092	271,092	NUM
epaa-8496	252	54	81.2	81.2	NUM
epaa-8496	252	55	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	56	65.0	65.0	NUM
epaa-8496	252	57	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	58	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	59	b	b	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	60	79	79	NUM
epaa-8496	252	61	83.5	83.5	NUM
epaa-8496	252	62	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	63	8.9	8.9	NUM
epaa-8496	252	64	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	65	3.8	3.8	NUM
epaa-8496	252	66	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	67	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	68	9,906	9,906	NUM
epaa-8496	252	69	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	70	142,282	142,282	NUM
epaa-8496	252	71	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	72	1,568,586	1,568,586	NUM
epaa-8496	252	73	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	74	539,824	539,824	NUM
epaa-8496	252	75	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	76	1,127,68	1,127,68	NUM
epaa-8496	252	77	8	8	NUM
epaa-8496	252	78	65.6	65.6	NUM
epaa-8496	252	79	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	80	28.1	28.1	NUM
epaa-8496	252	81	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	82	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	83	c	c	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	84	35	35	NUM
epaa-8496	252	85	86.0	86.0	NUM
epaa-8496	252	86	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	87	8.6	8.6	NUM
epaa-8496	252	88	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	89	5.7	5.7	NUM
epaa-8496	252	90	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	91	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	92	12,129	12,129	NUM
epaa-8496	252	93	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	94	132,882	132,882	NUM
epaa-8496	252	95	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	96	655,168	655,168	NUM
epaa-8496	252	97	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	98	254,367	254,367	NUM
epaa-8496	252	99	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	252	100	387,968	387,968	NUM
epaa-8496	252	101	61.2	61.2	NUM
epaa-8496	252	102	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	103	40.8	40.8	NUM
epaa-8496	252	104	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	252	105	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	1	d	d	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	2	95	95	NUM
epaa-8496	253	3	73.7	73.7	NUM
epaa-8496	253	4	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	5	11.6	11.6	NUM
epaa-8496	253	6	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	7	3.2	3.2	NUM
epaa-8496	253	8	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	9	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	10	9,391	9,391	NUM
epaa-8496	253	11	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	12	141,147	141,147	NUM
epaa-8496	253	13	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	14	2,855,933	2,855,933	NUM
epaa-8496	253	15	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	16	1,174,22	1,174,22	NUM
epaa-8496	253	17	5	5	NUM
epaa-8496	253	18	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	19	2,397,28	2,397,28	NUM
epaa-8496	253	20	5	5	NUM
epaa-8496	253	21	58.9	58.9	NUM
epaa-8496	253	22	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	23	16.1	16.1	NUM
epaa-8496	253	24	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	25	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	26	e	e	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	27	29	29	NUM
epaa-8496	253	28	79.3	79.3	NUM
epaa-8496	253	29	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	30	10.3	10.3	NUM
epaa-8496	253	31	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	32	6.9	6.9	NUM
epaa-8496	253	33	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	34	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	35	11,231	11,231	NUM
epaa-8496	253	36	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	37	149,101	149,101	NUM
epaa-8496	253	38	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	39	800,555	800,555	NUM
epaa-8496	253	40	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	41	340,982	340,982	NUM
epaa-8496	253	42	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	43	494,173	494,173	NUM
epaa-8496	253	44	57.4	57.4	NUM
epaa-8496	253	45	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	46	38.3	38.3	NUM
epaa-8496	253	47	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	48	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	49	f	f	PROPN
epaa-8496	253	50	33	33	NUM
epaa-8496	253	51	72.7	72.7	NUM
epaa-8496	253	52	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	53	12.1	12.1	NUM
epaa-8496	253	54	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	55	3.0	3.0	NUM
epaa-8496	253	56	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	57	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	58	9,725	9,725	NUM
epaa-8496	253	59	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	60	141,370	141,370	NUM
epaa-8496	253	61	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	62	1,114,832	1,114,832	NUM
epaa-8496	253	63	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	64	523,103	523,103	NUM
epaa-8496	253	65	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	66	966,900	966,900	NUM
epaa-8496	253	67	53.1	53.1	NUM
epaa-8496	253	68	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	69	13.3	13.3	NUM
epaa-8496	253	70	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	71	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	72	g	g	PROPN
epaa-8496	253	73	45	45	NUM
epaa-8496	253	74	88.9	88.9	NUM
epaa-8496	253	75	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	76	4.4	4.4	NUM
epaa-8496	253	77	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	78	4.4	4.4	NUM
epaa-8496	253	79	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	80	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	81	10,899	10,899	NUM
epaa-8496	253	82	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	83	153,047	153,047	NUM
epaa-8496	253	84	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	85	616,451	616,451	NUM
epaa-8496	253	86	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	87	299,035	299,035	NUM
epaa-8496	253	88	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	89	299,035	299,035	NUM
epaa-8496	253	90	51.5	51.5	NUM
epaa-8496	253	91	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	92	51.5	51.5	NUM
epaa-8496	253	93	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	94	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	95	h	h	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	96	70	70	NUM
epaa-8496	253	97	74.3	74.3	NUM
epaa-8496	253	98	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	99	11.4	11.4	NUM
epaa-8496	253	100	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	101	1.4	1.4	NUM
epaa-8496	253	102	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	103	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	104	15,379	15,379	NUM
epaa-8496	253	105	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	106	185,430	185,430	NUM
epaa-8496	253	107	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	108	3,063,535	3,063,535	NUM
epaa-8496	253	109	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	110	1,537,90	1,537,90	NUM
epaa-8496	253	111	8	8	NUM
epaa-8496	253	112	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	113	2,872,83	2,872,83	NUM
epaa-8496	253	114	2	2	NUM
epaa-8496	253	115	49.8	49.8	NUM
epaa-8496	253	116	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	117	6.2	6.2	NUM
epaa-8496	253	118	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	119	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	120	i	i	PRON
epaa-8496	253	121	33	33	NUM
epaa-8496	253	122	84.8	84.8	NUM
epaa-8496	253	123	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	124	6.1	6.1	NUM
epaa-8496	253	125	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	126	6.1	6.1	NUM
epaa-8496	253	127	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	128	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	129	11,718	11,718	NUM
epaa-8496	253	130	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	131	151,960	151,960	NUM
epaa-8496	253	132	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	133	648,110	648,110	NUM
epaa-8496	253	134	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	135	336,213	336,213	NUM
epaa-8496	253	136	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	137	336,213	336,213	NUM
epaa-8496	253	138	48.1	48.1	NUM
epaa-8496	253	139	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	140	48.1	48.1	NUM
epaa-8496	253	141	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	142	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	143	j	j	PROPN
epaa-8496	253	144	241	241	NUM
epaa-8496	253	145	72.6	72.6	NUM
epaa-8496	253	146	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	147	10.8	10.8	NUM
epaa-8496	253	148	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	149	0.8	0.8	NUM
epaa-8496	253	150	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	253	151	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	152	12,812	12,812	NUM
epaa-8496	253	153	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	154	169,375	169,375	NUM
epaa-8496	253	155	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	156	9,883,250	9,883,250	NUM
epaa-8496	253	157	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	253	158	5,238,38	5,238,38	NUM
epaa-8496	253	159	0	0	NUM
epaa-8496	254	1	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	254	2	9,525,95	9,525,95	NUM
epaa-8496	254	3	2	2	NUM
epaa-8496	254	4	47.0	47.0	NUM
epaa-8496	254	5	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	6	3.6	3.6	NUM
epaa-8496	254	7	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	8	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	9	k	k	PROPN
epaa-8496	254	10	45	45	NUM
epaa-8496	254	11	82.2	82.2	NUM
epaa-8496	254	12	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	13	6.7	6.7	NUM
epaa-8496	254	14	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	15	4.4	4.4	NUM
epaa-8496	254	16	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	17	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	254	18	14,588	14,588	NUM
epaa-8496	254	19	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	254	20	191,441	191,441	NUM
epaa-8496	254	21	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	254	22	1,371,700	1,371,700	NUM
epaa-8496	254	23	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	254	24	780,262	780,262	NUM
epaa-8496	254	25	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	254	26	977,408	977,408	NUM
epaa-8496	254	27	43.1	43.1	NUM
epaa-8496	254	28	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	29	28.7	28.7	NUM
epaa-8496	254	30	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	31	note	note	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	32	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	254	33	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	254	34	=	=	SYM
epaa-8496	254	35	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	36	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	254	38	bb	bb	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	39	=	=	SYM
epaa-8496	254	40	broad	broad	ADV
epaa-8496	254	41	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	254	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	254	43	nb	nb	NOUN
epaa-8496	254	44	=	=	PUNCT
epaa-8496	254	45	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	254	46	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	254	47	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	255	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	255	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	255	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	255	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	255	5	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	255	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	256	1	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	256	2	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	256	3	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	1	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	257	2	16	16	NUM
epaa-8496	257	3	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	257	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	257	5	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	257	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	257	7	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	257	8	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	257	9	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	257	10	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	257	11	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	12	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	257	13	moderately	moderately	ADV
epaa-8496	257	14	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	257	15	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	257	16	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	257	18	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	19	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	257	20	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	257	21	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	257	22	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	23	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	257	24	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	257	26	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	27	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	257	28	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	257	29	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	257	30	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	257	32	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	257	33	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	257	35	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	36	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	257	37	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	38	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	257	39	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	257	40	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-8496	257	41	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	257	42	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	257	43	most	most	ADV
epaa-8496	257	44	affected	affected	ADJ
epaa-8496	257	45	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	257	46	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	258	1	among	among	ADP
epaa-8496	258	2	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	258	3	top	top	ADJ
epaa-8496	258	4	10	10	NUM
epaa-8496	258	5	most	most	ADV
epaa-8496	258	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	258	7	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	258	8	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	258	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	258	10	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	258	11	percentage	percentage	NOUN
epaa-8496	258	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	258	13	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	258	14	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	258	15	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	258	16	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	258	17	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	258	18	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	258	19	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	258	20	broad	broad	ADV
epaa-8496	258	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	258	22	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	258	23	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-8496	258	24	ranges	range	VERB
epaa-8496	258	25	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	258	26	9	9	NUM
epaa-8496	258	27	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	258	28	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	258	29	18	18	NUM
epaa-8496	258	30	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	258	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	258	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	258	33	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	258	34	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	258	35	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	258	36	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	258	37	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	258	38	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-8496	258	39	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	258	40	0.8	0.8	NUM
epaa-8496	258	41	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	258	42	12	12	NUM
epaa-8496	258	43	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	258	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	259	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	259	2	decrease	decrease	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	259	4	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	5	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	259	6	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	259	7	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	259	8	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	259	9	graduating	graduating	ADJ
epaa-8496	259	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	11	ranges	range	VERB
epaa-8496	259	12	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	259	13	34	34	NUM
epaa-8496	259	14	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	259	16	district	district	PROPN
epaa-8496	259	17	b	b	PROPN
epaa-8496	259	18	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	259	19	66	66	NUM
epaa-8496	259	20	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	259	22	district	district	PROPN
epaa-8496	259	23	j	j	PROPN
epaa-8496	259	24	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	259	25	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	259	26	broad	broad	ADV
epaa-8496	259	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	259	28	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	259	29	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	259	31	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	259	32	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	259	33	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	34	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	259	35	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	36	h	h	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	37	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	259	38	38	38	NUM
epaa-8496	259	39	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	40	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	259	41	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	42	g	g	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	43	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	259	44	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	259	45	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	259	46	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	259	47	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	259	48	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-8496	259	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	260	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	260	2	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	260	3	results	result	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	4	do	do	AUX
epaa-8496	260	5	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	260	6	imply	imply	VERB
epaa-8496	260	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	260	8	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	9	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	260	10	save	save	VERB
epaa-8496	260	11	money	money	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	260	13	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	260	14	does	do	AUX
epaa-8496	260	15	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	260	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	260	17	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	260	18	some	some	DET
epaa-8496	260	19	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	260	21	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	260	22	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	23	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	24	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	260	25	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-8496	260	26	impact	impact	VERB
epaa-8496	260	27	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	28	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	260	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	260	31	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-8496	260	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	260	33	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	260	34	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	35	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	260	36	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	37	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	260	38	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	39	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	260	40	terms	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	41	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	260	42	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	260	43	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	44	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	260	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	261	1	return	return	NOUN
epaa-8496	261	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	261	3	investment	investment	NOUN
epaa-8496	261	4	next	next	ADV
epaa-8496	261	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	261	6	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	261	7	turn	turn	VERB
epaa-8496	261	8	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	261	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	261	10	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	261	11	long	long	ADJ
epaa-8496	261	12	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	261	13	term	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	261	14	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	261	15	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	261	16	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	261	17	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	261	18	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	261	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	262	1	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	262	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	262	3	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	262	4	level	level	NOUN
epaa-8496	262	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	262	6	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	262	7	find	find	VERB
epaa-8496	262	8	no	no	DET
epaa-8496	262	9	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	262	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	262	11	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	262	12	public	public	PROPN
epaa-8496	262	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	262	14	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	262	15	estimated	estimated	ADJ
epaa-8496	262	16	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	262	17	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	262	18	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	262	19	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	262	20	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	262	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	262	22	see	see	VERB
epaa-8496	262	23	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	262	24	6	6	NUM
epaa-8496	262	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	262	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	263	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	263	2	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	263	3	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	263	4	wages	wage	NOUN
epaa-8496	263	5	earned	earn	VERB
epaa-8496	263	6	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	263	7	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	263	8	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	263	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	263	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	263	11	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	263	12	dollar	dollar	NOUN
epaa-8496	263	13	invested	invest	VERB
epaa-8496	263	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	263	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	263	16	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	263	17	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	263	18	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	263	19	approximately	approximately	ADV
epaa-8496	263	20	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	263	21	5.80	5.80	NUM
epaa-8496	263	22	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	263	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	263	24	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	263	25	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	263	26	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	263	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	263	28	both	both	PRON
epaa-8496	263	29	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	263	30	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	263	31	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	263	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	263	33	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	263	34	bounds	bound	NOUN
epaa-8496	263	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	263	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	264	1	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	264	2	6	6	NUM
epaa-8496	264	3	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	264	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	264	5	level	level	NOUN
epaa-8496	264	6	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	264	7	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	264	8	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	264	9	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	264	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	264	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	264	12	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	264	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	264	14	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	264	15	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	264	16	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	264	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	264	18	fy16	fy16	PROPN
epaa-8496	264	19	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	264	20	-grade	-grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	264	21	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	264	22	mean	mean	NOUN
epaa-8496	264	23	min	min	PROPN
epaa-8496	264	24	max	max	PROPN
epaa-8496	264	25	avg	avg	PROPN
epaa-8496	264	26	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	265	1	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	265	2	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	265	3	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	265	4	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	265	5	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	265	6	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	265	7	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	265	8	k5	k5	PROPN
epaa-8496	265	9	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	265	10	exit	exit	VERB
epaa-8496	265	11	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	265	12	137,976	137,976	NUM
epaa-8496	265	13	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	265	14	77,420	77,420	NUM
epaa-8496	265	15	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	265	16	351,391	351,391	NUM
epaa-8496	265	17	avg	avg	NOUN
epaa-8496	265	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	1	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	266	2	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	3	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	4	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	266	5	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	6	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	7	682,462	682,462	NUM
epaa-8496	266	8	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	9	537,000	537,000	NUM
epaa-8496	266	10	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	11	712,500	712,500	NUM
epaa-8496	266	12	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	266	13	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	266	14	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	15	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	266	17	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	18	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	19	25,844,316,160	25,844,316,160	NUM
epaa-8496	266	20	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	266	21	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	266	22	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	23	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	24	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	266	25	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	27	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	266	28	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	266	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	30	bb	bb	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	32	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	33	26,054,846,464	26,054,846,464	NUM
epaa-8496	266	34	total	total	ADJ
epaa-8496	266	35	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	266	36	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	37	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	266	39	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	41	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	266	42	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	266	43	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	44	nb	nb	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	45	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	46	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	47	25,897,859,072	25,897,859,072	NUM
epaa-8496	266	48	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	266	49	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	50	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	266	51	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	266	52	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	53	5.80	5.80	NUM
epaa-8496	266	54	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	55	1.76	1.76	NUM
epaa-8496	266	56	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	57	10.57	10.57	NUM
epaa-8496	266	58	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	266	59	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	60	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	266	61	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	266	62	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	63	bb	bb	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	64	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	65	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	66	5.80	5.80	NUM
epaa-8496	266	67	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	68	2.08	2.08	NUM
epaa-8496	266	69	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	70	10.95	10.95	NUM
epaa-8496	266	71	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	266	72	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	73	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	266	74	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	266	75	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	76	nb	nb	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	77	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	78	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	79	5.79	5.79	NUM
epaa-8496	266	80	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	81	2.08	2.08	NUM
epaa-8496	266	82	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	266	83	10.95	10.95	NUM
epaa-8496	266	84	note	note	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	85	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	86	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	266	87	=	=	SYM
epaa-8496	266	88	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	89	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	90	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	91	bb	bb	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	92	=	=	SYM
epaa-8496	266	93	broad	broad	ADV
epaa-8496	266	94	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	266	95	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	96	nb	nb	NOUN
epaa-8496	266	97	=	=	PUNCT
epaa-8496	266	98	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	266	99	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	266	100	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	267	1	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	267	2	estimates	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	267	3	represent	represent	VERB
epaa-8496	267	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	267	5	dollars	dollar	NOUN
epaa-8496	267	6	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	267	7	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	267	8	earns	earn	VERB
epaa-8496	267	9	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	267	10	dollar	dollar	NOUN
epaa-8496	267	11	spent	spend	VERB
epaa-8496	267	12	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	267	13	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	267	14	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	267	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	268	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	268	2	essentially	essentially	ADV
epaa-8496	268	3	find	find	VERB
epaa-8496	268	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	268	5	same	same	ADJ
epaa-8496	268	6	result	result	NOUN
epaa-8496	268	7	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	268	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	268	9	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	268	10	level	level	NOUN
epaa-8496	268	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	268	12	see	see	VERB
epaa-8496	268	13	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	268	14	7	7	NUM
epaa-8496	268	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	268	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	268	17	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-8496	268	18	any	any	DET
epaa-8496	268	19	estimated	estimated	ADJ
epaa-8496	268	20	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	268	21	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	268	22	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	268	23	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	268	24	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	268	25	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	268	26	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	268	27	minimal	minimal	ADJ
epaa-8496	268	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	269	1	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	269	2	both	both	CCONJ
epaa-8496	269	3	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	269	4	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	269	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	269	6	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	269	7	bounds	bound	NOUN
epaa-8496	269	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	269	9	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	269	10	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	269	11	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	269	12	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	269	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	269	14	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	269	15	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	269	16	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	269	17	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	269	18	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	269	19	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	269	20	approximately	approximately	ADV
epaa-8496	269	21	2	2	NUM
epaa-8496	269	22	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	269	23	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	269	24	less	less	ADJ
epaa-8496	269	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	270	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	270	2	two	two	NUM
epaa-8496	270	3	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	270	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	270	5	d	d	NOUN
epaa-8496	270	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	270	7	g	g	NOUN
epaa-8496	270	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	270	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	270	10	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	270	11	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	270	12	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	270	13	very	very	ADV
epaa-8496	270	14	slight	slight	ADJ
epaa-8496	270	15	decrease	decrease	NOUN
epaa-8496	270	16	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	270	17	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	270	18	due	due	ADP
epaa-8496	270	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	270	20	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	270	21	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	270	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	270	23	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	270	24	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	270	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	271	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-8496	271	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	271	3	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-8496	271	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	271	5	average	average	ADJ
epaa-8496	271	6	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	271	7	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	271	8	educate	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	271	9	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	271	10	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	271	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	271	12	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	271	13	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	271	14	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	271	15	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	271	16	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	271	17	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	271	18	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	271	19	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	271	20	now	now	ADV
epaa-8496	271	21	spend	spend	VERB
epaa-8496	271	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	271	23	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	271	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	271	25	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-8496	271	26	than	than	ADP
epaa-8496	271	27	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-8496	271	28	o	o	X
epaa-8496	271	29	ut	ut	PROPN
epaa-8496	271	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	271	31	outweighs	outweigh	VERB
epaa-8496	271	32	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	271	33	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	271	34	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-8496	271	35	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	271	36	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	271	37	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	271	38	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-8496	271	39	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	271	40	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	271	41	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	271	42	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	271	43	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	271	44	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	272	1	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	272	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	272	3	17	17	NUM
epaa-8496	272	4	table	table	NOUN
epaa-8496	272	5	7	7	NUM
epaa-8496	272	6	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	272	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	272	8	top	top	ADJ
epaa-8496	272	9	10	10	NUM
epaa-8496	272	10	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	272	11	most	most	ADV
epaa-8496	272	12	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	272	13	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	272	14	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	272	15	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	272	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	272	17	fy16	fy16	PROPN
epaa-8496	272	18	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	272	19	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	272	20	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	272	21	avg	avg	PROPN
epaa-8496	272	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	272	23	est	est	PROPN
epaa-8496	272	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	273	1	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	273	2	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	273	3	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	273	4	pupil	pupil	NOUN
epaa-8496	273	5	avg	avg	PROPN
epaa-8496	273	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	274	1	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	274	2	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	3	earnings	earning	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	4	per	per	ADP
epaa-8496	274	5	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	6	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	274	7	return	return	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	274	9	investment	investment	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	10	increase	increase	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	274	12	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	13	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	274	14	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	15	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	274	16	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	274	18	bb	bb	VERB
epaa-8496	274	19	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	274	20	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	274	22	nb	nb	INTJ
epaa-8496	274	23	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	274	24	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	25	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	274	26	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	274	28	bb	bb	VERB
epaa-8496	274	29	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	274	30	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	274	32	nb	nb	INTJ
epaa-8496	274	33	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	274	34	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	35	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	274	36	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	274	38	bb	bb	VERB
epaa-8496	274	39	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	274	40	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	41	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	274	42	nb	nb	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	43	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	274	44	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	45	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	274	46	bb	bb	VERB
epaa-8496	274	47	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	274	48	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	49	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	274	50	nb	nb	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	51	district	district	VERB
epaa-8496	274	52	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	274	53	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	54	791,909	791,909	NUM
epaa-8496	274	55	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	56	809,632	809,632	NUM
epaa-8496	274	57	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	58	806,087	806,087	NUM
epaa-8496	274	59	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	60	45,138,800	45,138,800	NUM
epaa-8496	274	61	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	62	46,149,028	46,149,028	NUM
epaa-8496	274	63	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	64	45,946,984	45,946,984	NUM
epaa-8496	274	65	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	66	6.58	6.58	NUM
epaa-8496	274	67	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	68	6.61	6.61	NUM
epaa-8496	274	69	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	70	6.62	6.62	NUM
epaa-8496	274	71	0.5	0.5	NUM
epaa-8496	274	72	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	73	0.6	0.6	NUM
epaa-8496	274	74	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	75	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	76	b	b	PROPN
epaa-8496	274	77	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	78	787,018	787,018	NUM
epaa-8496	274	79	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	80	804,921	804,921	NUM
epaa-8496	274	81	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	82	794,691	794,691	NUM
epaa-8496	274	83	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	84	62,174,428	62,174,428	NUM
epaa-8496	274	85	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	86	63,588,744	63,588,744	NUM
epaa-8496	274	87	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	88	62,780,564	62,780,564	NUM
epaa-8496	274	89	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	90	5.54	5.54	NUM
epaa-8496	274	91	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	92	5.56	5.56	NUM
epaa-8496	274	93	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	94	5.54	5.54	NUM
epaa-8496	274	95	0.3	0.3	NUM
epaa-8496	274	96	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	97	0.0	0.0	NUM
epaa-8496	274	98	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	99	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	100	c	c	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	101	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	102	791,402	791,402	NUM
epaa-8496	274	103	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	104	808,721	808,721	NUM
epaa-8496	274	105	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	106	802,948	802,948	NUM
epaa-8496	274	107	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	108	27,699,084	27,699,084	NUM
epaa-8496	274	109	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	110	28,305,220	28,305,220	NUM
epaa-8496	274	111	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	112	28,103,176	28,103,176	NUM
epaa-8496	274	113	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	114	5.96	5.96	NUM
epaa-8496	274	115	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	116	6.07	6.07	NUM
epaa-8496	274	117	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	118	6.03	6.03	NUM
epaa-8496	274	119	1.9	1.9	NUM
epaa-8496	274	120	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	121	1.2	1.2	NUM
epaa-8496	274	122	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	123	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	124	d	d	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	125	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	126	767,096	767,096	NUM
epaa-8496	274	127	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	128	790,491	790,491	NUM
epaa-8496	274	129	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	130	773,477	773,477	NUM
epaa-8496	274	131	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	132	72,874,144	72,874,144	NUM
epaa-8496	274	133	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	134	75,096,640	75,096,640	NUM
epaa-8496	274	135	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	136	73,480,280	73,480,280	NUM
epaa-8496	274	137	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	138	5.49	5.49	NUM
epaa-8496	274	139	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	140	5.45	5.45	NUM
epaa-8496	274	141	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	274	142	5.48	5.48	NUM
epaa-8496	274	143	-0.7	-0.7	NUM
epaa-8496	274	144	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	145	-0.2	-0.2	NUM
epaa-8496	274	146	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	147	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	274	148	e	e	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	1	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	2	778,464	778,464	NUM
epaa-8496	275	3	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	4	799,365	799,365	NUM
epaa-8496	275	5	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	6	792,398	792,398	NUM
epaa-8496	275	7	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	8	22,575,444	22,575,444	NUM
epaa-8496	275	9	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	10	23,181,580	23,181,580	NUM
epaa-8496	275	11	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	12	22,979,534	22,979,534	NUM
epaa-8496	275	13	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	14	5.22	5.22	NUM
epaa-8496	275	15	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	16	5.30	5.30	NUM
epaa-8496	275	17	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	18	5.28	5.28	NUM
epaa-8496	275	19	1.6	1.6	NUM
epaa-8496	275	20	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	21	1.1	1.1	NUM
epaa-8496	275	22	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	23	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	24	f	f	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	25	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	26	765,163	765,163	NUM
epaa-8496	275	27	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	28	789,653	789,653	NUM
epaa-8496	275	29	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	30	771,285	771,285	NUM
epaa-8496	275	31	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	32	25,250,372	25,250,372	NUM
epaa-8496	275	33	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	34	26,058,552	26,058,552	NUM
epaa-8496	275	35	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	36	25,452,418	25,452,418	NUM
epaa-8496	275	37	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	38	5.42	5.42	NUM
epaa-8496	275	39	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	40	5.42	5.42	NUM
epaa-8496	275	41	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	42	5.43	5.43	NUM
epaa-8496	275	43	0.0	0.0	NUM
epaa-8496	275	44	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	45	0.1	0.1	NUM
epaa-8496	275	46	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	47	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	48	g	g	PROPN
epaa-8496	275	49	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	50	797,817	797,817	NUM
epaa-8496	275	51	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	52	806,796	806,796	NUM
epaa-8496	275	53	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	54	806,796	806,796	NUM
epaa-8496	275	55	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	56	35,901,744	35,901,744	NUM
epaa-8496	275	57	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	58	36,305,836	36,305,836	NUM
epaa-8496	275	59	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	60	36,305,836	36,305,836	NUM
epaa-8496	275	61	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	62	5.24	5.24	NUM
epaa-8496	275	63	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	64	5.23	5.23	NUM
epaa-8496	275	65	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	66	5.23	5.23	NUM
epaa-8496	275	67	-0.2	-0.2	NUM
epaa-8496	275	68	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	69	-0.2	-0.2	NUM
epaa-8496	275	70	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	71	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	72	h	h	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	73	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	74	768,312	768,312	NUM
epaa-8496	275	75	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	76	791,402	791,402	NUM
epaa-8496	275	77	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	78	771,198	771,198	NUM
epaa-8496	275	79	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	80	53,781,808	53,781,808	NUM
epaa-8496	275	81	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	82	55,398,168	55,398,168	NUM
epaa-8496	275	83	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	84	53,983,856	53,983,856	NUM
epaa-8496	275	85	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	86	4.14	4.14	NUM
epaa-8496	275	87	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	88	4.21	4.21	NUM
epaa-8496	275	89	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	90	4.15	4.15	NUM
epaa-8496	275	91	1.9	1.9	NUM
epaa-8496	275	92	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	93	0.3	0.3	NUM
epaa-8496	275	94	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	95	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	96	i	i	PRON
epaa-8496	275	97	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	98	789,653	789,653	NUM
epaa-8496	275	99	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	100	801,898	801,898	NUM
epaa-8496	275	101	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	102	801,898	801,898	NUM
epaa-8496	275	103	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	104	26,058,552	26,058,552	NUM
epaa-8496	275	105	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	106	26,462,644	26,462,644	NUM
epaa-8496	275	107	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	108	26,462,644	26,462,644	NUM
epaa-8496	275	109	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	110	5.19	5.19	NUM
epaa-8496	275	111	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	112	5.25	5.25	NUM
epaa-8496	275	113	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	114	5.25	5.25	NUM
epaa-8496	275	115	1.0	1.0	NUM
epaa-8496	275	116	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	117	1.0	1.0	NUM
epaa-8496	275	118	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	119	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	120	j	j	PROPN
epaa-8496	275	121	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	122	764,934	764,934	NUM
epaa-8496	275	123	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	124	786,732	786,732	NUM
epaa-8496	275	125	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	126	766,611	766,611	NUM
epaa-8496	275	127	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	128	184,349,136	184,349,136	NUM
epaa-8496	275	129	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	130	189,602,304	189,602,304	NUM
epaa-8496	275	131	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	132	184,753,232	184,753,232	NUM
epaa-8496	275	133	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	134	4.52	4.52	NUM
epaa-8496	275	135	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	136	4.57	4.57	NUM
epaa-8496	275	137	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	275	138	4.53	4.53	NUM
epaa-8496	275	139	1.0	1.0	NUM
epaa-8496	275	140	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	141	0.1	0.1	NUM
epaa-8496	275	142	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	143	note	note	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	144	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	275	145	mg	mg	PROPN
epaa-8496	275	146	=	=	SYM
epaa-8496	275	147	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	148	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	149	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	275	150	bb	bb	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	151	=	=	SYM
epaa-8496	275	152	broad	broad	ADV
epaa-8496	275	153	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	275	154	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	275	155	nb	nb	NOUN
epaa-8496	275	156	=	=	PUNCT
epaa-8496	275	157	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	275	158	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	275	159	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	276	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	276	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	276	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	276	4	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	276	5	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	276	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	277	1	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	277	2	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	277	3	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	277	4	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	277	5	18	18	NUM
epaa-8496	277	6	discussion	discussion	NOUN
epaa-8496	277	7	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	277	8	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	277	9	explored	explore	VERB
epaa-8496	277	10	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	277	11	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-8496	277	12	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-8496	277	13	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	277	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	277	15	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	277	16	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	277	17	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	277	18	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	277	19	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	277	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	277	21	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	277	22	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	277	23	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	277	24	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	277	25	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	277	26	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	277	27	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	277	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	277	29	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	277	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	278	1	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	278	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	278	3	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	278	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	278	5	which	which	PRON
epaa-8496	278	6	aim	aim	VERB
epaa-8496	278	7	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	278	8	reduce	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	278	9	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	278	10	failures	failure	NOUN
epaa-8496	278	11	among	among	ADP
epaa-8496	278	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	278	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	278	14	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	278	15	garnered	garner	VERB
epaa-8496	278	16	attention	attention	NOUN
epaa-8496	278	17	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	278	18	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	278	19	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-8496	278	20	discussions	discussion	NOUN
epaa-8496	278	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	279	1	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	279	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	279	3	focused	focus	VERB
epaa-8496	279	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	279	5	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	279	6	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	279	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	279	8	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	279	9	-grade	-grade	PROPN
epaa-8496	279	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	279	11	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	279	12	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	279	13	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	279	14	been	be	AUX
epaa-8496	279	15	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	279	16	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	279	17	such	such	DET
epaa-8496	279	18	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	279	19	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	279	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	279	21	assessing	assess	VERB
epaa-8496	279	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	279	23	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	279	24	implications	implication	NOUN
epaa-8496	279	25	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	279	26	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	279	27	intervention	intervention	NOUN
epaa-8496	279	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	280	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	280	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	280	3	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	280	4	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	280	5	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	280	6	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-8496	280	7	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	280	8	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	280	9	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	280	10	has	have	VERB
epaa-8496	280	11	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	280	12	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-8496	280	13	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	280	14	impact	impact	VERB
epaa-8496	280	15	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	280	16	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	280	17	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-8496	280	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	281	1	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	281	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	281	3	applied	apply	VERB
epaa-8496	281	4	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	281	5	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	281	6	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	281	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	281	8	mid	mid	ADJ
epaa-8496	281	9	-semester	-semester	NOUN
epaa-8496	281	10	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	281	11	mid	mid	ADJ
epaa-8496	281	12	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	281	13	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	281	14	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	281	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	281	16	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	281	17	observed	observe	VERB
epaa-8496	281	18	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	281	19	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	281	20	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	281	21	1.4	1.4	NUM
epaa-8496	281	22	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	281	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	281	24	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	281	25	final	final	ADJ
epaa-8496	281	26	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	281	27	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	281	28	failing	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	281	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	281	30	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	281	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	281	32	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	281	33	than	than	ADP
epaa-8496	281	34	figures	figure	NOUN
epaa-8496	281	35	previously	previously	ADV
epaa-8496	281	36	found	find	VERB
epaa-8496	281	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	281	38	other	other	ADJ
epaa-8496	281	39	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	281	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	282	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
epaa-8496	282	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	282	3	about	about	ADV
epaa-8496	282	4	24	24	NUM
epaa-8496	282	5	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	282	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	282	7	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	282	8	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	282	9	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	282	10	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	282	11	initially	initially	ADV
epaa-8496	282	12	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	282	13	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	282	14	least	least	ADV
epaa-8496	282	15	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	282	16	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	282	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	282	18	highlighting	highlight	VERB
epaa-8496	282	19	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	282	20	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	282	21	's	's	PART
epaa-8496	282	22	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
epaa-8496	282	23	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	282	24	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	282	25	struggles	struggle	NOUN
epaa-8496	282	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	283	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	283	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	283	3	after	after	ADP
epaa-8496	283	4	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	283	5	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	283	6	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	283	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	283	8	9.7	9.7	NUM
epaa-8496	283	9	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	283	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	283	11	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	283	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	283	13	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	283	14	have	have	AUX
epaa-8496	283	15	passed	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	283	16	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	283	17	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	283	18	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	283	19	failed	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	283	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	284	1	proponents	proponent	NOUN
epaa-8496	284	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	284	3	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	284	4	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	284	5	argue	argue	VERB
epaa-8496	284	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	284	7	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	284	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	284	9	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	284	10	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	284	11	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	284	12	do	do	VERB
epaa-8496	284	13	more	more	ADJ
epaa-8496	284	14	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-8496	284	15	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	284	16	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	284	17	few	few	ADJ
epaa-8496	284	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	284	19	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	284	20	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	284	21	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
epaa-8496	284	22	fail	fail	VERB
epaa-8496	284	23	;	;	PUNCT
epaa-8496	284	24	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	284	25	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	284	26	contribute	contribute	VERB
epaa-8496	284	27	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	284	28	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-8496	284	29	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	284	30	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	284	31	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-8496	284	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	284	33	primarily	primarily	ADV
epaa-8496	284	34	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	284	35	maintaining	maintain	VERB
epaa-8496	284	36	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	284	37	healthy	healthy	ADJ
epaa-8496	284	38	locus	locus	NOUN
epaa-8496	284	39	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	284	40	control	control	NOUN
epaa-8496	284	41	within	within	ADP
epaa-8496	284	42	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	284	43	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	284	44	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	284	45	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	284	46	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	284	47	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	284	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	284	49	2010	2010	NUM
epaa-8496	284	50	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	284	51	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	285	1	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	285	2	offering	offer	VERB
epaa-8496	285	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	285	4	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	285	5	second	second	ADJ
epaa-8496	285	6	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-8496	285	7	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	285	8	succeed	succeed	VERB
epaa-8496	285	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	285	10	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	285	11	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	285	12	aligns	align	VERB
epaa-8496	285	13	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	285	14	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	285	15	idea	idea	NOUN
epaa-8496	285	16	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	285	17	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	285	18	healthy	healthy	ADJ
epaa-8496	285	19	locus	locus	NOUN
epaa-8496	285	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	285	21	control	control	NOUN
epaa-8496	285	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	285	23	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-8496	285	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	285	25	feel	feel	VERB
epaa-8496	285	26	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	285	27	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	285	28	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-8496	285	29	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	285	30	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	285	31	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	285	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	285	33	plays	play	VERB
epaa-8496	285	34	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	285	35	crucial	crucial	ADJ
epaa-8496	285	36	role	role	NOUN
epaa-8496	285	37	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	285	38	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	285	39	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-8496	285	40	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	285	41	performance	performance	NOUN
epaa-8496	285	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	285	43	carifio	carifio	NOUN
epaa-8496	285	44	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	285	45	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	285	46	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	285	47	2010	2010	NUM
epaa-8496	285	48	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	285	49	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	286	1	based	base	VERB
epaa-8496	286	2	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	286	3	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	286	4	theory	theory	NOUN
epaa-8496	286	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	286	6	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	286	7	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	286	8	has	have	VERB
epaa-8496	286	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	286	10	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-8496	286	11	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	286	12	benefit	benefit	VERB
epaa-8496	286	13	more	more	ADJ
epaa-8496	286	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	286	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	286	16	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	286	17	sample	sample	NOUN
epaa-8496	286	18	than	than	SCONJ
epaa-8496	286	19	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	286	20	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	286	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	287	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
epaa-8496	287	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	287	3	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	287	4	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	287	5	underscore	underscore	VERB
epaa-8496	287	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	287	7	value	value	NOUN
epaa-8496	287	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	287	9	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	287	10	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	287	11	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	287	12	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	287	13	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	287	14	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	287	15	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	287	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	287	17	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	287	18	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-8496	287	19	influence	influence	VERB
epaa-8496	287	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	287	21	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-8496	287	22	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	287	23	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	287	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	287	25	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	287	26	potentially	potentially	ADV
epaa-8496	287	27	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	287	28	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-8496	287	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	287	30	effort	effort	NOUN
epaa-8496	287	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	288	1	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	288	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	288	3	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	288	4	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	288	5	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	288	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	288	7	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	288	8	spent	spend	VERB
epaa-8496	288	9	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	288	10	663,949,888	663,949,888	NUM
epaa-8496	288	11	towards	towards	ADP
epaa-8496	288	12	educating	educate	VERB
epaa-8496	288	13	17.1	17.1	NUM
epaa-8496	288	14	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	288	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	288	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	288	17	cohort	cohort	NOUN
epaa-8496	288	18	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	288	19	did	do	AUX
epaa-8496	288	20	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	288	21	graduate	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	288	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	289	1	simulating	simulate	VERB
epaa-8496	289	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	289	3	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	289	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	289	5	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	289	6	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	289	7	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	289	8	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	289	9	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	289	10	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	289	11	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	289	12	presented	present	VERB
epaa-8496	289	13	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	289	14	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-8496	289	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	289	16	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-8496	289	17	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	289	18	savings	saving	NOUN
epaa-8496	289	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	290	1	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	290	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	290	3	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	290	4	-bound	-bound	ADJ
epaa-8496	290	5	estimate	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	290	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	290	7	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	290	8	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	290	9	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	290	10	reduce	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	290	11	expenses	expense	NOUN
epaa-8496	290	12	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	290	13	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	290	14	38,256,308	38,256,308	NUM
epaa-8496	290	15	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	290	16	non	non	ADJ
epaa-8496	290	17	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	290	18	graduating	graduating	ADJ
epaa-8496	290	19	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	290	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	290	21	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	290	22	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	290	23	broad	broad	ADV
epaa-8496	290	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	290	25	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	290	26	estimate	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	290	27	projected	project	VERB
epaa-8496	290	28	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	290	29	even	even	ADV
epaa-8496	290	30	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	290	31	reduction	reduction	NOUN
epaa-8496	290	32	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	290	33	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	290	34	154,523,456	154,523,456	NUM
epaa-8496	290	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	291	1	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	291	2	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	291	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
epaa-8496	291	4	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	291	5	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	291	6	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	291	7	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	291	8	potentially	potentially	ADV
epaa-8496	291	9	enhance	enhance	VERB
epaa-8496	291	10	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	291	11	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	291	12	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	291	13	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	291	14	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	291	15	-effectiveness	-effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	291	16	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	291	17	6	6	NUM
epaa-8496	291	18	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	291	19	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	291	20	23	23	NUM
epaa-8496	291	21	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	291	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	292	1	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	292	2	particular	particular	ADJ
epaa-8496	292	3	significance	significance	NOUN
epaa-8496	292	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	292	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	292	6	variation	variation	NOUN
epaa-8496	292	7	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	292	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	292	9	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	292	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	292	11	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-8496	292	12	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	292	13	concentration	concentration	NOUN
epaa-8496	292	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	292	15	affected	affected	ADJ
epaa-8496	292	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	292	17	differs	differ	NOUN
epaa-8496	292	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	293	1	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	293	2	50	50	NUM
epaa-8496	293	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	293	4	252	252	NUM
epaa-8496	293	5	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	293	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	293	7	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	293	8	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	293	9	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	293	10	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	293	11	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	293	12	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	293	13	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	293	14	impact	impact	VERB
epaa-8496	293	15	passing	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	293	16	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	293	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	294	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	294	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	294	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	294	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	294	5	most	most	ADV
epaa-8496	294	6	affected	affected	ADJ
epaa-8496	294	7	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	8	s	s	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	294	10	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-8496	294	11	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	294	12	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	294	13	percentage	percentage	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	294	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	294	17	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-8496	294	18	those	those	PRON
epaa-8496	294	19	receiving	receive	VERB
epaa-8496	294	20	freeor	freeor	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	21	reduced	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	294	22	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	294	23	price	price	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	24	lunch	lunch	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	25	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	294	26	frl	frl	PROPN
epaa-8496	294	27	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	294	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	294	29	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	294	30	benefit	benefit	VERB
epaa-8496	294	31	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	294	32	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	294	33	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	294	35	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	36	reductions	reduction	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	37	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	294	38	range	range	VERB
epaa-8496	294	39	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	294	40	34	34	NUM
epaa-8496	294	41	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	42	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	294	43	66	66	NUM
epaa-8496	294	44	%	%	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	45	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	294	46	broad	broad	ADV
epaa-8496	294	47	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	294	48	bound	bind	VERB
epaa-8496	294	49	conditions	condition	NOUN
epaa-8496	294	50	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	295	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-8496	295	2	highlights	highlight	VERB
epaa-8496	295	3	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	295	4	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	295	6	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-8496	295	7	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	8	savings	saving	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	295	10	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	11	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	295	12	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	295	13	greater	great	ADJ
epaa-8496	295	14	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	295	16	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	17	affected	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	295	18	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	295	19	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	20	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	295	22	thereby	thereby	ADV
epaa-8496	295	23	addressing	address	VERB
epaa-8496	295	24	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	25	concerns	concern	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	26	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	295	27	supporting	support	VERB
epaa-8496	295	28	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	29	facing	face	VERB
epaa-8496	295	30	challenging	challenging	ADJ
epaa-8496	295	31	life	life	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	32	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
epaa-8496	295	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	296	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	296	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	296	3	former	former	ADJ
epaa-8496	296	4	researchers	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	296	5	claimed	claim	VERB
epaa-8496	296	6	savings	saving	NOUN
epaa-8496	296	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	296	8	$	$	SYM
epaa-8496	296	9	2	2	NUM
epaa-8496	296	10	million	million	NUM
epaa-8496	296	11	over	over	ADP
epaa-8496	296	12	seven	seven	NUM
epaa-8496	296	13	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	296	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	296	15	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	296	16	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
epaa-8496	296	17	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	296	18	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	296	19	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	296	20	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	296	21	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	296	22	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	296	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	296	24	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	296	25	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	296	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	296	27	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	296	28	actual	actual	ADJ
epaa-8496	296	29	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-8496	296	30	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	296	31	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	296	32	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-8496	296	33	depending	depend	VERB
epaa-8496	296	34	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	296	35	local	local	ADJ
epaa-8496	296	36	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-8496	296	37	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	296	38	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	296	39	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-8496	296	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	297	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-8496	297	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	297	3	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	297	4	extent	extent	NOUN
epaa-8496	297	5	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	297	6	which	which	PRON
epaa-8496	297	7	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	297	8	savings	saving	NOUN
epaa-8496	297	9	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	297	10	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-8496	297	11	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-8496	297	12	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	297	13	vary	vary	VERB
epaa-8496	297	14	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	297	15	di	di	NOUN
epaa-8496	297	16	stricts	strict	NOUN
epaa-8496	297	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	298	1	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	298	3	19	19	NUM
epaa-8496	298	4	return	return	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	298	6	investment	investment	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	7	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	298	8	simulation	simulation	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	9	estimated	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	298	10	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	298	11	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	298	12	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	13	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	298	14	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	15	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	16	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	298	17	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	298	18	yield	yield	VERB
epaa-8496	298	19	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	298	20	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-8496	298	21	change	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	298	23	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	24	estimates	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	25	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	298	26	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	298	27	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	28	level	level	NOUN
epaa-8496	298	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	299	1	whether	whether	SCONJ
epaa-8496	299	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	299	3	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	299	4	was	be	AUX
epaa-8496	299	5	applied	apply	VERB
epaa-8496	299	6	under	under	ADP
epaa-8496	299	7	broad	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	299	8	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	299	9	narrow	narrow	ADJ
epaa-8496	299	10	bounds	bound	NOUN
epaa-8496	299	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	299	12	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	299	13	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	299	14	remained	remain	VERB
epaa-8496	299	15	consistent	consistent	ADJ
epaa-8496	299	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	300	1	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	300	2	similar	similar	ADJ
epaa-8496	300	3	pattern	pattern	NOUN
epaa-8496	300	4	emerged	emerge	VERB
epaa-8496	300	5	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	300	6	examining	examine	VERB
epaa-8496	300	7	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	300	8	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	300	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	300	10	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	300	11	level	level	NOUN
epaa-8496	300	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	300	13	where	where	SCONJ
epaa-8496	300	14	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	300	15	observed	observe	VERB
epaa-8496	300	16	very	very	ADV
epaa-8496	300	17	minor	minor	ADJ
epaa-8496	300	18	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
epaa-8496	300	19	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	300	20	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	300	21	estimates	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	300	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	301	1	two	two	NUM
epaa-8496	301	2	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	301	3	experienced	experience	VERB
epaa-8496	301	4	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	301	5	slight	slight	ADJ
epaa-8496	301	6	decrease	decrease	NOUN
epaa-8496	301	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	301	8	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	301	9	because	because	SCONJ
epaa-8496	301	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	301	11	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	301	12	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	301	13	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	301	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	302	1	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	302	2	outcome	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	302	3	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	302	4	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	302	5	attributed	attribute	VERB
epaa-8496	302	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	302	7	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	302	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	302	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	302	10	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	302	11	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	302	12	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	302	13	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	302	14	spend	spend	VERB
epaa-8496	302	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	302	16	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	302	17	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-8496	302	18	than	than	ADP
epaa-8496	302	19	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-8496	302	20	out	out	ADP
epaa-8496	302	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	302	22	impacting	impact	VERB
epaa-8496	302	23	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	302	24	investment	investment	NOUN
epaa-8496	302	25	more	more	ADJ
epaa-8496	302	26	than	than	ADP
epaa-8496	302	27	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	302	28	return	return	NOUN
epaa-8496	302	29	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	303	1	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	303	2	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	303	3	raise	raise	VERB
epaa-8496	303	4	important	important	ADJ
epaa-8496	303	5	considerations	consideration	NOUN
epaa-8496	303	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	303	7	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	303	8	contemplating	contemplate	VERB
epaa-8496	303	9	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	303	10	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	303	11	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	303	12	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	303	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	304	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	304	2	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	304	3	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	304	4	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	304	5	increase	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	304	6	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	304	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	304	8	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	304	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	304	10	especially	especially	ADV
epaa-8496	304	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	304	12	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	304	13	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	304	14	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	304	15	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	304	16	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-8496	304	17	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	304	18	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	304	19	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	304	20	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	304	21	benefit	benefit	VERB
epaa-8496	304	22	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	304	23	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	304	24	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	304	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	304	26	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	304	27	long	long	ADJ
epaa-8496	304	28	term	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	304	29	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	304	30	likely	likely	ADV
epaa-8496	304	31	would	would	AUX
epaa-8496	304	32	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	304	33	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	305	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	305	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	305	3	addresses	address	VERB
epaa-8496	305	4	short	short	ADJ
epaa-8496	305	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	305	6	term	term	NOUN
epaa-8496	305	7	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-8496	305	8	considerations	consideration	NOUN
epaa-8496	305	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	305	10	improving	improve	VERB
epaa-8496	305	11	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	305	12	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	305	13	without	without	ADP
epaa-8496	305	14	additional	additional	ADJ
epaa-8496	305	15	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	305	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	306	1	still	still	ADV
epaa-8496	306	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	306	3	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	306	4	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	306	5	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	306	6	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	306	7	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
epaa-8496	306	8	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-8496	306	9	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	306	10	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-8496	306	11	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	306	12	gains	gain	NOUN
epaa-8496	306	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	306	14	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	306	15	long	long	ADJ
epaa-8496	306	16	run	run	NOUN
epaa-8496	306	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	307	1	limitations	limitation	NOUN
epaa-8496	307	2	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	307	3	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	307	4	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	307	5	subject	subject	ADJ
epaa-8496	307	6	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	307	7	several	several	ADJ
epaa-8496	307	8	limitations	limitation	NOUN
epaa-8496	307	9	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	307	10	should	should	AUX
epaa-8496	307	11	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	307	12	acknowledged	acknowledge	VERB
epaa-8496	307	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	308	1	first	first	ADV
epaa-8496	308	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	308	3	variations	variation	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	308	5	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	6	reporting	reporting	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	7	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	8	across	across	ADP
epaa-8496	308	9	different	different	ADJ
epaa-8496	308	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	11	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	308	13	disparities	disparity	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	308	15	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	16	related	relate	VERB
epaa-8496	308	17	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	308	18	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	19	recovery	recovery	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	20	presented	present	VERB
epaa-8496	308	21	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	308	23	estimating	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	308	24	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-8496	308	25	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	26	reductions	reduction	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	27	resulting	result	VERB
epaa-8496	308	28	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	308	29	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	308	30	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	308	31	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	308	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	309	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
epaa-8496	309	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	309	3	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	309	4	there	there	PRON
epaa-8496	309	5	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	309	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	309	7	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	309	8	reduct	reduct	PROPN
epaa-8496	309	9	ions	ion	NOUN
epaa-8496	309	10	associated	associate	VERB
epaa-8496	309	11	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	309	12	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	309	13	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	309	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	309	15	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	309	16	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	309	17	unable	unable	ADJ
epaa-8496	309	18	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	309	19	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	309	20	them	they	PRON
epaa-8496	309	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	310	1	second	second	ADJ
epaa-8496	310	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	310	3	due	due	ADP
epaa-8496	310	4	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	310	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	310	6	nature	nature	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	310	8	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	310	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	310	11	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	310	12	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	13	does	do	AUX
epaa-8496	310	14	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	310	15	establish	establish	VERB
epaa-8496	310	16	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	310	17	causal	causal	ADJ
epaa-8496	310	18	relationship	relationship	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	19	between	between	ADP
epaa-8496	310	20	implementing	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	310	21	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	22	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	23	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	310	24	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	25	'	'	PART
epaa-8496	310	26	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	27	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	310	29	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	30	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-8496	310	31	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	32	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	310	33	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	310	35	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	310	36	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	37	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-8496	310	38	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	310	39	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	311	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	311	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	311	3	estimate	estimate	VERB
epaa-8496	311	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	311	5	potential	potential	ADJ
epaa-8496	311	6	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	311	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	311	8	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	311	9	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	311	10	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	311	11	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	311	12	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	311	13	through	through	ADP
epaa-8496	311	14	simulation	simulation	NOUN
epaa-8496	311	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	311	16	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	311	17	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	311	18	important	important	ADJ
epaa-8496	311	19	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	311	20	note	note	VERB
epaa-8496	311	21	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	311	22	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	311	23	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	311	24	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	311	25	predict	predict	VERB
epaa-8496	311	26	individual	individual	ADJ
epaa-8496	311	27	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	311	28	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	311	29	certainty	certainty	PROPN
epaa-8496	311	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	312	1	third	third	ADV
epaa-8496	312	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	312	3	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	312	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	312	5	did	do	AUX
epaa-8496	312	6	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	312	7	significantly	significantly	ADV
epaa-8496	312	8	reveal	reveal	VERB
epaa-8496	312	9	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-8496	312	10	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	312	11	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	312	12	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	312	13	specifically	specifically	ADV
epaa-8496	312	14	affect	affect	VERB
epaa-8496	312	15	underrepresented	underrepresented	ADJ
epaa-8496	312	16	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	312	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	312	18	such	such	ADJ
epaa-8496	312	19	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	312	20	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	312	21	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	312	22	color	color	NOUN
epaa-8496	312	23	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	312	24	economically	economically	ADV
epaa-8496	312	25	disadvantaged	disadvantaged	ADJ
epaa-8496	312	26	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	312	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	312	28	due	due	ADP
epaa-8496	312	29	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	312	30	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	312	31	limited	limited	ADJ
epaa-8496	312	32	variability	variability	NOUN
epaa-8496	312	33	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	312	34	demographic	demographic	ADJ
epaa-8496	312	35	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	312	36	within	within	ADP
epaa-8496	312	37	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	312	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	313	1	this	this	PRON
epaa-8496	313	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	313	3	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	313	4	major	major	ADJ
epaa-8496	313	5	limitation	limitation	NOUN
epaa-8496	313	6	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-8496	313	7	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	313	8	restricts	restrict	VERB
epaa-8496	313	9	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	313	10	ability	ability	NOUN
epaa-8496	313	11	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	313	12	analyze	analyze	VERB
epaa-8496	313	13	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-8496	313	14	implications	implication	NOUN
epaa-8496	313	15	deeply	deeply	ADV
epaa-8496	313	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	314	1	future	future	ADJ
epaa-8496	314	2	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	314	3	might	might	AUX
epaa-8496	314	4	explore	explore	VERB
epaa-8496	314	5	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	314	6	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
epaa-8496	314	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	314	8	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	314	9	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	314	10	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	314	11	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	314	12	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	314	13	diverse	diverse	ADJ
epaa-8496	314	14	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	314	15	population	population	NOUN
epaa-8496	314	16	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	314	17	provide	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	314	18	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	314	19	more	more	ADV
epaa-8496	314	20	detailed	detailed	ADJ
epaa-8496	314	21	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-8496	314	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	314	23	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-8496	314	24	such	such	ADJ
epaa-8496	314	25	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	314	26	impact	impact	VERB
epaa-8496	314	27	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	314	28	important	important	ADJ
epaa-8496	314	29	subgroups	subgroup	NOUN
epaa-8496	314	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	315	1	finally	finally	ADV
epaa-8496	315	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	315	3	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	315	4	results	result	NOUN
epaa-8496	315	5	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	315	6	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-8496	315	7	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	315	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	315	9	context	context	NOUN
epaa-8496	315	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	315	11	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	315	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	315	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	315	14	consequently	consequently	ADV
epaa-8496	315	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	315	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	315	17	applicability	applicability	NOUN
epaa-8496	315	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	315	19	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	315	20	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	315	21	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	315	22	other	other	ADJ
epaa-8496	315	23	states	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	315	24	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	315	25	regions	region	NOUN
epaa-8496	315	26	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	315	27	differing	differ	VERB
epaa-8496	315	28	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	315	29	structures	structure	NOUN
epaa-8496	315	30	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	315	31	demographics	demographic	NOUN
epaa-8496	315	32	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	315	33	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	315	34	limited	limit	VERB
epaa-8496	315	35	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	316	1	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	316	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	316	3	essential	essential	ADJ
epaa-8496	316	4	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	316	5	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-8496	316	6	these	these	DET
epaa-8496	316	7	contextual	contextual	ADJ
epaa-8496	316	8	nuances	nuance	NOUN
epaa-8496	316	9	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	316	10	interpreting	interpret	VERB
epaa-8496	316	11	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	316	12	applying	apply	VERB
epaa-8496	316	13	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	316	14	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	316	15	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-8496	316	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	316	17	scope	scope	NOUN
epaa-8496	316	18	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	316	19	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	316	20	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	317	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-8496	317	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	317	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
epaa-8496	317	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	317	5	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	317	6	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	317	7	suggest	suggest	VERB
epaa-8496	317	8	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	317	9	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	317	10	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	317	11	has	have	VERB
epaa-8496	317	12	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	317	13	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-8496	317	14	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	317	15	positively	positively	ADV
epaa-8496	317	16	impact	impact	VERB
epaa-8496	317	17	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	317	18	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	317	19	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	317	20	offering	offer	VERB
epaa-8496	317	21	struggling	struggle	VERB
epaa-8496	317	22	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	317	23	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	317	24	second	second	ADJ
epaa-8496	317	25	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-8496	317	26	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	317	27	succeed	succeed	VERB
epaa-8496	317	28	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	318	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	318	2	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	318	3	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	318	4	approach	approach	NOUN
epaa-8496	318	5	aligns	align	VERB
epaa-8496	318	6	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	318	7	theories	theory	NOUN
epaa-8496	318	8	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
epaa-8496	318	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	318	10	importance	importance	NOUN
epaa-8496	318	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	318	12	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	318	13	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-8496	318	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	318	15	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	318	16	success	success	NOUN
epaa-8496	318	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	319	1	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	319	2	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	319	3	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	319	4	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	319	5	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-8496	319	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	319	7	redemption	redemption	NOUN
epaa-8496	319	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	319	9	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	319	10	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	319	11	could	could	AUX
epaa-8496	319	12	help	help	VERB
epaa-8496	319	13	them	they	PRON
epaa-8496	319	14	pass	pass	VERB
epaa-8496	319	15	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	319	16	courses	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	319	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	319	18	contribute	contribute	VERB
epaa-8496	319	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	319	20	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	319	21	overall	overall	ADJ
epaa-8496	319	22	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	319	23	well	well	ADV
epaa-8496	319	24	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	319	25	being	being	NOUN
epaa-8496	319	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	320	1	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	320	2	simulating	simulate	VERB
epaa-8496	320	3	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	320	4	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	320	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	320	6	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	320	7	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	320	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	320	9	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	320	10	find	find	VERB
epaa-8496	320	11	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	320	12	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	320	13	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	320	14	has	have	VERB
epaa-8496	320	15	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	320	16	potential	potential	NOUN
epaa-8496	320	17	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	320	18	lead	lead	VERB
epaa-8496	320	19	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	320	20	significant	significant	ADJ
epaa-8496	320	21	increases	increase	NOUN
epaa-8496	320	22	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	320	23	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	320	24	-effectiveness	-effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	320	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	320	26	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-8496	320	27	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	320	28	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	320	29	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	320	30	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	320	31	higher	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	320	32	proportion	proportion	NOUN
epaa-8496	320	33	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	320	34	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	320	35	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	320	36	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	320	37	benefit	benefit	VERB
epaa-8496	320	38	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	320	39	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	320	40	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	320	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	321	1	however	however	ADV
epaa-8496	321	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	321	3	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	321	4	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	321	5	shows	show	VERB
epaa-8496	321	6	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	321	7	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	321	8	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	321	9	did	do	AUX
epaa-8496	321	10	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	321	11	yield	yield	VERB
epaa-8496	321	12	substantial	substantial	ADJ
epaa-8496	321	13	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	321	14	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	321	15	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	321	16	estimates	estimate	NOUN
epaa-8496	321	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	322	1	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	322	2	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	322	3	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	322	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	322	5	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	322	6	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	322	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	323	1	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	323	2	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	323	3	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	324	1	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	324	2	20	20	NUM
epaa-8496	324	3	underscores	underscore	VERB
epaa-8496	324	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	324	5	need	need	NOUN
epaa-8496	324	6	for	for	SCONJ
epaa-8496	324	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	324	8	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	324	9	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	324	10	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-8496	324	11	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	324	12	trade	trade	NOUN
epaa-8496	324	13	-offs	-off	NOUN
epaa-8496	324	14	between	between	ADP
epaa-8496	324	15	shortand	shortand	NOUN
epaa-8496	324	16	longterm	longterm	PROPN
epaa-8496	324	17	financial	financial	ADJ
epaa-8496	324	18	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	324	19	when	when	SCONJ
epaa-8496	324	20	adopting	adopt	VERB
epaa-8496	324	21	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	324	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	325	1	while	while	SCONJ
epaa-8496	325	2	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	325	3	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	325	4	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	325	5	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	325	6	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	325	7	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	325	8	valuable	valuable	ADJ
epaa-8496	325	9	tool	tool	NOUN
epaa-8496	325	10	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	325	11	promoting	promote	VERB
epaa-8496	325	12	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-8496	325	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	325	14	supporting	support	VERB
epaa-8496	325	15	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	325	16	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	325	17	face	face	VERB
epaa-8496	325	18	challenges	challenge	NOUN
epaa-8496	325	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	325	20	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	325	21	should	should	AUX
epaa-8496	325	22	also	also	ADV
epaa-8496	325	23	recognize	recognize	VERB
epaa-8496	325	24	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	325	25	their	their	PRON
epaa-8496	325	26	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	325	27	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	325	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	325	29	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-8496	325	30	reflected	reflect	VERB
epaa-8496	325	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	325	32	roi	roi	NOUN
epaa-8496	325	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	325	34	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	325	35	not	not	PART
epaa-8496	325	36	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	325	37	transformative	transformative	ADJ
epaa-8496	325	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	326	1	instead	instead	ADV
epaa-8496	326	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	326	3	they	they	PRON
epaa-8496	326	4	shou	shou	PROPN
epaa-8496	326	5	ld	ld	PROPN
epaa-8496	326	6	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-8496	326	7	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	326	8	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	326	9	as	as	ADP
epaa-8496	326	10	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	326	11	component	component	NOUN
epaa-8496	326	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	326	13	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	326	14	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	326	15	strategy	strategy	NOUN
epaa-8496	326	16	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	326	17	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-8496	326	18	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	326	19	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	326	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	326	21	address	address	VERB
epaa-8496	326	22	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	326	23	disparities	disparity	NOUN
epaa-8496	326	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	327	1	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	327	2	recommend	recommend	VERB
epaa-8496	327	3	that	that	SCONJ
epaa-8496	327	4	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	327	6	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	7	consider	consider	VERB
epaa-8496	327	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	327	9	implementation	implementation	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	327	11	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	12	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	13	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	327	14	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	327	15	grounds	ground	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	327	17	enhancing	enhance	VERB
epaa-8496	327	18	educ	educ	ADJ
epaa-8496	327	19	ational	ational	ADJ
epaa-8496	327	20	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	21	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	327	22	reducing	reduce	VERB
epaa-8496	327	23	disparities	disparity	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	327	25	particularly	particularly	ADV
epaa-8496	327	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	327	27	districts	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	28	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	327	29	diverse	diverse	ADJ
epaa-8496	327	30	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	31	populations	population	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	32	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	327	33	rather	rather	ADV
epaa-8496	327	34	than	than	ADP
epaa-8496	327	35	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	327	36	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	327	37	grounds	ground	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	38	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	327	39	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	327	40	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	327	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	328	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	328	2	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	328	3	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	328	4	complex	complex	ADJ
epaa-8496	328	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	328	6	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
epaa-8496	328	7	endeavor	endeavor	NOUN
epaa-8496	328	8	influenced	influence	VERB
epaa-8496	328	9	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	328	10	various	various	ADJ
epaa-8496	328	11	factors	factor	NOUN
epaa-8496	328	12	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-8496	328	13	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	328	14	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	328	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	328	16	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	328	17	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	328	18	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	328	19	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	328	20	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	328	21	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	328	22	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	328	23	must	must	AUX
epaa-8496	328	24	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	328	25	considered	consider	VERB
epaa-8496	328	26	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	328	27	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	328	28	broader	broad	ADJ
epaa-8496	328	29	context	context	NOUN
epaa-8496	328	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	328	31	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	328	32	decision	decision	NOUN
epaa-8496	328	33	-making	-make	VERB
epaa-8496	328	34	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	329	1	further	further	ADJ
epaa-8496	329	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	329	3	should	should	AUX
epaa-8496	329	4	explore	explore	VERB
epaa-8496	329	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	329	6	specific	specific	ADJ
epaa-8496	329	7	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-8496	329	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	329	9	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	329	10	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	329	11	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	329	12	different	different	ADJ
epaa-8496	329	13	demographic	demographic	ADJ
epaa-8496	329	14	groups	group	NOUN
epaa-8496	329	15	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	329	16	inform	inform	VERB
epaa-8496	329	17	more	more	ADJ
epaa-8496	329	18	targeted	target	VERB
epaa-8496	329	19	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	329	20	adaptations	adaptation	NOUN
epaa-8496	329	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	330	1	further	further	ADJ
epaa-8496	330	2	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	330	4	empirical	empirical	ADJ
epaa-8496	330	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	6	will	will	AUX
epaa-8496	330	7	continue	continue	VERB
epaa-8496	330	8	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	330	9	shape	shape	VERB
epaa-8496	330	10	our	our	PRON
epaa-8496	330	11	understanding	understanding	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	330	13	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	330	14	role	role	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	15	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	330	16	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	17	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	330	19	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	330	21	providing	provide	VERB
epaa-8496	330	22	valuable	valuable	ADJ
epaa-8496	330	23	insights	insight	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	24	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	330	25	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	330	27	educators	educator	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	330	29	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	330	30	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	31	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	330	32	pursuing	pursue	VERB
epaa-8496	330	33	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	330	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	330	35	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-8496	330	36	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	330	37	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	330	38	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	331	1	references	reference	NOUN
epaa-8496	331	2	allensworth	allensworth	PROPN
epaa-8496	331	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	331	4	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-8496	331	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	331	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	331	7	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	331	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	331	9	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	331	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	331	11	2007	2007	NUM
epaa-8496	331	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	331	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	332	1	what	what	PRON
epaa-8496	332	2	matters	matter	VERB
epaa-8496	332	3	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	332	4	staying	stay	VERB
epaa-8496	332	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	332	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	332	7	track	track	NOUN
epaa-8496	332	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	332	9	graduating	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	332	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	332	11	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-8496	332	12	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	332	13	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	332	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	333	1	university	university	NOUN
epaa-8496	333	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	333	3	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-8496	333	4	consortium	consortium	PROPN
epaa-8496	333	5	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	333	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	333	7	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	333	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	334	1	https://consortium.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/2018	https://consortium.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/2018	NOUN
epaa-8496	334	2	10/07%20what%20matters%20final.pdf	10/07%20what%20matters%20final.pdf	PROPN
epaa-8496	334	3	alliance	alliance	NOUN
epaa-8496	334	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	334	5	excellent	excellent	ADJ
epaa-8496	334	6	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	334	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	335	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	335	2	2011	2011	NUM
epaa-8496	335	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	335	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	336	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	336	2	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	336	3	benefits	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	336	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	336	5	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	336	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	336	7	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	336	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	336	9	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	336	10	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	336	11	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	336	12	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	336	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	336	14	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	336	15	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	336	16	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	336	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	337	1	https://all4ed.org/wpcontent/uploads/2014/01/arkansas_econ.pdf	https://all4ed.org/wpcontent/uploads/2014/01/arkansas_econ.pdf	PROPN
epaa-8496	337	2	aspire	aspire	PROPN
epaa-8496	337	3	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	337	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	338	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	338	2	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	338	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	338	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	339	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	339	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	339	3	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	339	4	rate	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	339	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	340	1	aspire	aspire	PROPN
epaa-8496	340	2	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	340	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	340	4	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	340	5	project	project	NOUN
epaa-8496	340	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	340	7	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	340	8	community	community	NOUN
epaa-8496	340	9	foundation	foundation	PROPN
epaa-8496	340	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	341	1	https://www.aspirearkansas.org/education/graduation-rate	https://www.aspirearkansas.org/education/graduation-rate	PROPN
epaa-8496	341	2	balfanz	balfanz	PROPN
epaa-8496	341	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	341	4	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	341	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	341	6	herzog	herzog	PROPN
epaa-8496	341	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	341	8	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-8496	341	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	341	10	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	341	11	mac	mac	PROPN
epaa-8496	341	12	iver	iver	PROPN
epaa-8496	341	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	341	14	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-8496	341	15	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	341	16	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	341	17	2007	2007	NUM
epaa-8496	341	18	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	341	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	342	1	preventing	prevent	VERB
epaa-8496	342	2	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	342	3	disengagement	disengagement	NOUN
epaa-8496	342	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	342	5	keeping	keep	VERB
epaa-8496	342	6	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	342	7	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	342	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	342	9	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	342	10	path	path	NOUN
epaa-8496	342	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	342	12	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-8496	342	13	middle	middle	ADJ
epaa-8496	342	14	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	342	15	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	342	16	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	342	17	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	342	18	early	early	ADJ
epaa-8496	342	19	identification	identification	NOUN
epaa-8496	342	20	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	342	21	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-8496	342	22	interventions	intervention	NOUN
epaa-8496	342	23	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	343	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	343	2	psychologist	psychologist	NOUN
epaa-8496	343	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	343	4	42(4	42(4	PROPN
epaa-8496	343	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	343	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	343	7	223–235	223–235	NUM
epaa-8496	343	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	344	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520701621079	https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520701621079	PROPN
epaa-8496	344	2	belfield	belfield	PROPN
epaa-8496	344	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	344	4	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	344	5	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	344	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	344	7	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	344	8	bowden	bowden	PROPN
epaa-8496	344	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	344	10	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	344	11	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-8496	344	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	344	13	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	344	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	344	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	345	1	using	use	VERB
epaa-8496	345	2	resource	resource	NOUN
epaa-8496	345	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	345	4	cost	cost	VERB
epaa-8496	345	5	considerations	consideration	NOUN
epaa-8496	345	6	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	345	7	support	support	VERB
epaa-8496	345	8	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	345	9	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-8496	345	10	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	345	11	six	six	NUM
epaa-8496	345	12	domains	domain	NOUN
epaa-8496	345	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	346	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	346	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	346	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	346	4	48(2	48(2	NUM
epaa-8496	346	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	346	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	346	7	120–127	120–127	NUM
epaa-8496	346	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	347	1	http://www.jstor.org/stable/45280847	http://www.jstor.org/stable/45280847	PROPN
epaa-8496	347	2	bowden	bowden	PROPN
epaa-8496	347	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	347	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	347	5	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-8496	347	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	347	7	rodriguez	rodriguez	PROPN
epaa-8496	347	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	347	9	v.	v.	ADV
epaa-8496	347	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	347	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	347	12	weingarten	weingarten	PROPN
epaa-8496	347	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	347	14	z.	z.	PROPN
epaa-8496	347	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	347	16	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	347	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	347	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	348	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	348	2	unintended	unintended	ADJ
epaa-8496	348	3	consequences	consequence	NOUN
epaa-8496	348	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	348	5	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	348	6	leniency	leniency	NOUN
epaa-8496	348	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	349	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	349	2	edworkingpaper	edworkingpaper	NOUN
epaa-8496	349	3	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	349	4	23	23	NUM
epaa-8496	349	5	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	349	6	836	836	NUM
epaa-8496	349	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	349	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	350	1	annenberg	annenberg	PROPN
epaa-8496	350	2	institute	institute	PROPN
epaa-8496	350	3	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	350	4	brown	brown	PROPN
epaa-8496	350	5	university	university	NOUN
epaa-8496	350	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	351	1	https://doi.org/10.26300/m6sa-m733	https://doi.org/10.26300/m6sa-m733	PROPN
epaa-8496	351	2	bowers	bower	NOUN
epaa-8496	351	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	351	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	351	5	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	351	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	351	7	sprott	sprott	PROPN
epaa-8496	351	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	351	9	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	351	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	351	11	taff	taff	PROPN
epaa-8496	351	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	351	13	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	351	14	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	351	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	351	16	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	351	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	351	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	352	1	do	do	AUX
epaa-8496	352	2	we	we	PRON
epaa-8496	352	3	know	know	VERB
epaa-8496	352	4	who	who	PRON
epaa-8496	352	5	will	will	AUX
epaa-8496	352	6	drop	drop	VERB
epaa-8496	352	7	out	out	ADP
epaa-8496	352	8	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	353	1	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	353	2	review	review	NOUN
epaa-8496	353	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	353	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	353	5	predictors	predictor	NOUN
epaa-8496	353	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	353	7	dropping	drop	VERB
epaa-8496	353	8	out	out	ADP
epaa-8496	353	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	353	10	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	353	11	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	353	12	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	353	13	precision	precision	NOUN
epaa-8496	353	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	353	15	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
epaa-8496	353	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	353	17	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	353	18	specificity	specificity	NOUN
epaa-8496	353	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	354	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	354	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	354	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	354	4	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-8496	354	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	354	6	96(2	96(2	NUM
epaa-8496	354	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	354	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	354	9	77	77	NUM
epaa-8496	354	10	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	354	11	100	100	NUM
epaa-8496	354	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	355	1	bradley	bradley	PROPN
epaa-8496	355	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	355	3	dorsey	dorsey	PROPN
epaa-8496	355	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	355	5	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-8496	355	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	355	7	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	355	8	mckenzie	mckenzie	PROPN
epaa-8496	355	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	355	10	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	355	11	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	355	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	355	13	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	355	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	355	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	356	1	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	356	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	356	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	356	4	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	356	5	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	356	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	356	7	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	356	8	-14	-14	SYM
epaa-8496	356	9	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-8496	356	10	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	356	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	356	12	18	18	NUM
epaa-8496	356	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	357	1	office	office	NOUN
epaa-8496	357	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	357	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	357	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	357	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	357	6	17(2	17(2	NUM
epaa-8496	357	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	357	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	358	1	brookhart	brookhart	NOUN
epaa-8496	358	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	358	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	358	4	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-8496	358	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	358	6	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	358	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	358	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	359	1	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-8496	359	2	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	359	3	use	use	VERB
epaa-8496	359	4	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	359	5	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	359	6	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-8496	359	7	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-8496	359	8	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	359	9	1st	1st	ADJ
epaa-8496	359	10	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-8496	359	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	359	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	359	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	360	1	association	association	NOUN
epaa-8496	360	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	360	3	supervision	supervision	NOUN
epaa-8496	360	4	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	360	5	curriculum	curriculum	PROPN
epaa-8496	360	6	development	development	PROPN
epaa-8496	360	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	361	1	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	361	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	361	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-8496	361	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	361	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	361	6	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	361	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	361	8	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	361	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	361	10	2012	2012	NUM
epaa-8496	361	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	361	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	362	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	362	2	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	362	3	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	362	4	controversy	controversy	NOUN
epaa-8496	362	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	362	6	results	result	NOUN
epaa-8496	362	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	362	8	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	362	9	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
epaa-8496	362	10	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	362	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	362	12	seven	seven	NUM
epaa-8496	362	13	years	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	362	14	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	362	15	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	362	16	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	362	17	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	362	18	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	362	19	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-8496	362	20	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	362	21	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	362	22	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	363	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	363	2	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	363	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	363	4	https://consortium.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/2018-10/07%20what%20matters%20final.pdf	https://consortium.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/2018-10/07%20what%20matters%20final.pdf	PROPN
epaa-8496	363	5	https://consortium.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/2018-10/07%20what%20matters%20final.pdf	https://consortium.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/2018-10/07%20what%20matters%20final.pdf	PROPN
epaa-8496	363	6	https://all4ed.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/arkansas_econ.pdf	https://all4ed.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/arkansas_econ.pdf	PRON
epaa-8496	363	7	https://all4ed.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/arkansas_econ.pdf	https://all4ed.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/arkansas_econ.pdf	ADJ
epaa-8496	363	8	https://www.aspirearkansas.org/education/graduation-rate	https://www.aspirearkansas.org/education/graduation-rate	PROPN
epaa-8496	363	9	http://www.jstor.org/stable/45280847	http://www.jstor.org/stable/45280847	PROPN
epaa-8496	363	10	https://doi.org/10.26300/m6sa-m733	https://doi.org/10.26300/m6sa-m733	NOUN
epaa-8496	364	1	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	364	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	364	3	21	21	NUM
epaa-8496	364	4	41(6	41(6	NOUN
epaa-8496	364	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	364	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	364	7	201–208	201–208	NUM
epaa-8496	364	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	365	1	https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x12453309	https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x12453309	PROPN
epaa-8496	365	2	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	365	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	365	4	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	365	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	365	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	365	7	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	365	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	365	9	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-8496	365	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	365	11	2009	2009	NUM
epaa-8496	365	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	365	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	366	1	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	366	2	critical	critical	ADJ
epaa-8496	366	3	examination	examination	NOUN
epaa-8496	366	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	366	5	current	current	ADJ
epaa-8496	366	6	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	366	7	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	366	8	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	366	9	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
epaa-8496	366	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	367	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	367	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	367	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	367	4	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-8496	367	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	367	6	93(1	93(1	NUM
epaa-8496	367	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	367	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	367	9	23–37	23–37	NUM
epaa-8496	367	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	368	1	https://doi.org/10.1353/hsj.0.0039	https://doi.org/10.1353/hsj.0.0039	PROPN
epaa-8496	368	2	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	368	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	368	4	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	368	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	368	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	368	7	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	368	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	368	9	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-8496	368	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	368	11	2010	2010	NUM
epaa-8496	368	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	368	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	369	1	do	do	VERB
epaa-8496	369	2	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	369	3	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	369	4	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	369	5	lower	low	ADJ
epaa-8496	369	6	academic	academic	ADJ
epaa-8496	369	7	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-8496	369	8	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	369	9	produce	produce	VERB
epaa-8496	369	10	social	social	ADJ
epaa-8496	369	11	promotions	promotion	NOUN
epaa-8496	369	12	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	370	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	370	2	horizons	horizon	NOUN
epaa-8496	370	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	370	4	88(2	88(2	NUM
epaa-8496	370	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	370	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	371	1	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	371	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	371	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	371	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	371	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	371	6	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	371	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	371	8	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-8496	371	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	371	10	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	371	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	371	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	372	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	372	2	arguments	argument	NOUN
epaa-8496	372	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	372	4	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	372	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	372	6	favor	favor	NOUN
epaa-8496	372	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	372	8	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	372	9	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	372	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	373	1	mid	mid	ADJ
epaa-8496	373	2	western	western	ADJ
epaa-8496	373	3	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	373	4	researcher	researcher	NOUN
epaa-8496	373	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	373	6	25(4	25(4	NOUN
epaa-8496	373	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	373	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	374	1	carifio	carifio	PROPN
epaa-8496	374	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	374	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	374	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	374	5	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	374	6	carey	carey	PROPN
epaa-8496	374	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	374	8	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-8496	374	9	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	374	10	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	374	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	374	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	375	1	further	further	ADJ
epaa-8496	375	2	findings	finding	NOUN
epaa-8496	375	3	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	375	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	375	5	positive	positive	ADJ
epaa-8496	375	6	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-8496	375	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	375	8	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	375	9	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	375	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	376	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-8496	376	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	376	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	376	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	376	5	social	social	ADJ
epaa-8496	376	6	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	376	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	376	8	2(4	2(4	NUM
epaa-8496	376	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	376	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	377	1	dougherty	dougherty	PROPN
epaa-8496	377	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	377	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	377	4	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-8496	377	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	377	6	gottfried	gottfried	PROPN
epaa-8496	377	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	377	8	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-8496	377	9	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	377	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	377	11	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	377	12	sublett	sublett	PROPN
epaa-8496	377	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	377	14	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	377	15	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	377	16	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	377	17	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	377	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	378	1	does	do	AUX
epaa-8496	378	2	increasing	increase	VERB
epaa-8496	378	3	career	career	NOUN
epaa-8496	378	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	378	5	technical	technical	ADJ
epaa-8496	378	6	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	378	7	coursework	coursework	NOUN
epaa-8496	378	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	378	9	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	378	10	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	378	11	boost	boost	VERB
epaa-8496	378	12	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	378	13	attainment	attainment	ADJ
epaa-8496	378	14	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	378	15	labor	labor	NOUN
epaa-8496	378	16	market	market	NOUN
epaa-8496	378	17	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
epaa-8496	378	18	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	379	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-8496	379	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	379	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	379	4	finance	finance	NOUN
epaa-8496	379	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	379	6	44(4	44(4	NOUN
epaa-8496	379	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	379	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	379	9	423–447	423–447	NUM
epaa-8496	379	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	1	deangelis	deangelis	PROPN
epaa-8496	380	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	3	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	380	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	5	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-8496	380	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	7	p.	p.	NOUN
epaa-8496	380	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	9	syftestad	syftestad	PROPN
epaa-8496	380	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	11	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	380	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	13	maloney	maloney	PROPN
epaa-8496	380	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	15	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-8496	380	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	17	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	380	18	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	380	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	20	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	380	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	22	2021	2021	NUM
epaa-8496	380	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	380	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	381	1	making	make	VERB
epaa-8496	381	2	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	381	3	count	count	VERB
epaa-8496	381	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	381	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	381	6	productivity	productivity	NOUN
epaa-8496	381	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	381	8	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	381	9	charter	charter	NOUN
epaa-8496	381	10	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	381	11	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	381	12	seven	seven	NUM
epaa-8496	381	13	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-8496	381	14	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	381	15	cities	city	NOUN
epaa-8496	381	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	382	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	382	2	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-8496	382	3	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
epaa-8496	382	4	project	project	NOUN
epaa-8496	382	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	382	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	382	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	382	8	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	382	9	department	department	PROPN
epaa-8496	382	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	382	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	382	12	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-8496	382	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	383	1	https://scdp.uark.edu/files/2018/10/making-it-count-in-7-us-cities.pdf	https://scdp.uark.edu/files/2018/10/making-it-count-in-7-us-cities.pdf	DET
epaa-8496	383	2	deangelis	deangelis	PROPN
epaa-8496	383	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	383	4	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	383	5	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	383	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	383	7	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-8496	383	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	383	9	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-8496	383	10	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	383	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	383	12	maloney	maloney	PROPN
epaa-8496	383	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	383	14	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-8496	383	15	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-8496	383	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	383	17	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	383	18	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	383	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	383	20	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	383	21	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-8496	383	22	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	383	23	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	383	24	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	383	25	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	384	1	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	384	2	good	good	ADJ
epaa-8496	384	3	investment	investment	NOUN
epaa-8496	384	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	384	5	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	384	6	updated	update	VERB
epaa-8496	384	7	productivity	productivity	NOUN
epaa-8496	384	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	384	9	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	384	10	charter	charter	NOUN
epaa-8496	384	11	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	384	12	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	384	13	eight	eight	NUM
epaa-8496	384	14	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-8496	384	15	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	384	16	cities	city	NOUN
epaa-8496	384	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	385	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	385	2	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-8496	385	3	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
epaa-8496	385	4	project	project	NOUN
epaa-8496	385	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	385	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	385	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	385	8	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	385	9	department	department	PROPN
epaa-8496	385	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	385	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	385	12	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-8496	385	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	1	https://bpb-use1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2019/04/a	https://bpb-use1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2019/04/a	X
epaa-8496	386	2	-good	-good	NOUN
epaa-8496	386	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	4	investmentpublic	investmentpublic	ADJ
epaa-8496	386	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	6	charter	charter	NOUN
epaa-8496	386	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	8	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	386	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	10	in-8	in-8	NUM
epaa-8496	386	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	12	us	us	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	14	cities	city	NOUN
epaa-8496	386	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	16	x3cquy.pdf	x3cquy.pdf	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	17	deangelis	deangelis	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	19	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	20	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	22	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	24	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	25	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	27	maloney	maloney	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	28	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	29	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	30	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	32	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	386	33	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	386	34	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	35	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	36	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-8496	386	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	38	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	386	39	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	386	40	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	387	1	bigger	big	ADJ
epaa-8496	387	2	bang	bang	PROPN
epaa-8496	387	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	387	4	fewer	few	ADJ
epaa-8496	387	5	bucks	buck	NOUN
epaa-8496	387	6	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	388	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	388	2	productivity	productivity	NOUN
epaa-8496	388	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	388	4	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	388	5	charter	charter	NOUN
epaa-8496	388	6	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	388	7	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	388	8	eight	eight	NUM
epaa-8496	388	9	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-8496	388	10	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	388	11	cities	city	NOUN
epaa-8496	388	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	389	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	389	2	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-8496	389	3	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
epaa-8496	389	4	project	project	NOUN
epaa-8496	389	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	389	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	389	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	389	8	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	389	9	department	department	PROPN
epaa-8496	389	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	389	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	389	12	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-8496	389	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	1	https://bpb-use1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/bigger	https://bpb-use1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/bigger	X
epaa-8496	390	2	-bang	-bang	NOUN
epaa-8496	390	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	4	fewerbucks	fewerbuck	NOUN
epaa-8496	390	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	390	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	8	productivity	productivity	NOUN
epaa-8496	390	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	390	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	12	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	390	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	14	charter	charter	NOUN
epaa-8496	390	15	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	16	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	390	17	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	18	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	390	19	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	20	eight	eight	NUM
epaa-8496	390	21	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	22	u	u	NOUN
epaa-8496	390	23	-	-	ADJ
epaa-8496	390	24	s	s	NOUN
epaa-8496	390	25	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	26	cities	city	NOUN
epaa-8496	390	27	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	28	w9xm34.pdf	w9xm34.pdf	PROPN
epaa-8496	390	29	easton	easton	PROPN
epaa-8496	390	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	31	j.q	j.q	PROPN
epaa-8496	390	32	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	390	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	34	johnson	johnson	PROPN
epaa-8496	390	35	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	36	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-8496	390	37	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	38	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	390	39	sartain	sartain	VERB
epaa-8496	390	40	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	41	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-8496	390	42	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	43	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	390	44	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	390	45	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	391	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	391	2	predictive	predictive	ADJ
epaa-8496	391	3	power	power	NOUN
epaa-8496	391	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	391	5	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	391	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	391	7	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	391	8	gpa	gpa	PROPN
epaa-8496	391	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	391	10	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	391	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	391	12	chicago	chicago	PROPN
epaa-8496	391	13	consortium	consortium	PROPN
epaa-8496	391	14	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	391	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	391	16	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	391	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	392	1	https://consortium.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/201810/predictive%20power%20	https://consortium.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/201810/predictive%20power%20	PROPN
epaa-8496	392	2	o	o	X
epaa-8496	392	3	f%20ninthgrade	f%20ninthgrade	ADJ
epaa-8496	392	4	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	392	5	sept%202017	sept%202017	ADV
epaa-8496	392	6	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	392	7	consortium.pdf	consortium.pdf	ADJ
epaa-8496	392	8	feldman	feldman	NOUN
epaa-8496	392	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	392	10	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	392	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	392	12	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	392	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	392	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	393	1	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	393	2	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	393	3	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-8496	393	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	393	5	what	what	PRON
epaa-8496	393	6	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	393	7	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	393	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	393	9	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-8496	393	10	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	393	11	matters	matter	VERB
epaa-8496	393	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	393	13	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	393	14	how	how	SCONJ
epaa-8496	393	15	it	it	PRON
epaa-8496	393	16	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	393	17	transform	transform	VERB
epaa-8496	393	18	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	393	19	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	393	20	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
epaa-8496	393	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	394	1	corwin	corwin	PROPN
epaa-8496	394	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	395	1	feldman	feldman	PROPN
epaa-8496	395	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	395	3	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	395	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	395	5	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	395	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	395	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	396	1	beyond	beyond	ADP
epaa-8496	396	2	standards	standard	NOUN
epaa-8496	396	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	396	4	based	base	VERB
epaa-8496	396	5	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	396	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	396	7	why	why	SCONJ
epaa-8496	396	8	equity	equity	NOUN
epaa-8496	396	9	must	must	AUX
epaa-8496	396	10	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	396	11	part	part	NOUN
epaa-8496	396	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	396	13	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	396	14	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-8496	396	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	397	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-8496	397	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-8496	397	3	kappan	kappan	NOUN
epaa-8496	397	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	397	5	100(8	100(8	NUM
epaa-8496	397	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	397	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	397	8	52–55	52–55	NUM
epaa-8496	397	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	398	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721719846890	https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721719846890	VERB
epaa-8496	398	2	fernandez	fernandez	NOUN
epaa-8496	398	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	398	4	o.	o.	PROPN
epaa-8496	398	5	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-8496	398	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	398	7	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	398	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	398	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	399	1	second	second	ADJ
epaa-8496	399	2	chance	chance	NOUN
epaa-8496	399	3	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	399	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	399	5	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	399	6	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	399	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	399	8	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
epaa-8496	399	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	399	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	399	11	easy	easy	ADJ
epaa-8496	399	12	-to	-to	INTJ
epaa-8496	399	13	implement	implement	VERB
epaa-8496	399	14	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	399	15	system	system	NOUN
epaa-8496	399	16	that	that	PRON
epaa-8496	399	17	synergizes	synergize	VERB
epaa-8496	399	18	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	399	19	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	399	20	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	399	21	testing	testing	NOUN
epaa-8496	399	22	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	399	23	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-8496	399	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	399	25	mastery	mastery	NOUN
epaa-8496	399	26	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	399	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	399	28	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	399	29	growth	growth	NOUN
epaa-8496	399	30	mindsets	mindset	NOUN
epaa-8496	399	31	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	400	1	primus	primus	NOUN
epaa-8496	400	2	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	400	3	problems	problem	NOUN
epaa-8496	400	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	400	5	resources	resource	NOUN
epaa-8496	400	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	400	7	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	400	8	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-8496	400	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	400	10	mathematics	mathematics	PROPN
epaa-8496	400	11	undergraduate	undergraduate	NOUN
epaa-8496	400	12	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	400	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	400	14	31(8	31(8	NUM
epaa-8496	400	15	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	400	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	400	17	855–868	855–868	NUM
epaa-8496	400	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	401	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/10511970.2020.1772915	https://doi.org/10.1080/10511970.2020.1772915	NOUN
epaa-8496	401	2	friess	friess	NOUN
epaa-8496	401	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	401	4	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	401	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	401	6	2008	2008	NUM
epaa-8496	401	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	401	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	402	1	great	great	ADJ
epaa-8496	402	2	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	402	3	debate	debate	NOUN
epaa-8496	402	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	402	5	reforming	reform	VERB
epaa-8496	402	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	402	7	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	402	8	system	system	NOUN
epaa-8496	402	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	403	1	usatoday	usatoday	PROPN
epaa-8496	403	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	404	1	guskey	guskey	PROPN
epaa-8496	404	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	404	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-8496	404	4	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	404	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	404	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	404	7	bailey	bailey	PROPN
epaa-8496	404	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	404	9	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	404	10	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-8496	404	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	404	12	2001	2001	NUM
epaa-8496	404	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	404	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	405	1	developing	develop	VERB
epaa-8496	405	2	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	405	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	405	4	reporting	report	VERB
epaa-8496	405	5	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-8496	405	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	405	7	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	405	8	learning	learning	NOUN
epaa-8496	405	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	406	1	corwin	corwin	PROPN
epaa-8496	406	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	407	1	guskey	guskey	PROPN
epaa-8496	407	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	407	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-8496	407	4	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	407	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	407	6	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	407	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	407	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	408	1	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	408	2	your	your	PRON
epaa-8496	408	3	mark	mark	NOUN
epaa-8496	408	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	408	5	challenging	challenge	VERB
epaa-8496	408	6	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	408	7	conventions	convention	NOUN
epaa-8496	408	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	408	9	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	408	10	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	408	11	reporting	reporting	NOUN
epaa-8496	408	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	409	1	solution	solution	NOUN
epaa-8496	409	2	tree	tree	NOUN
epaa-8496	409	3	press	press	NOUN
epaa-8496	409	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	410	1	guskey	guskey	ADJ
epaa-8496	410	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	410	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-8496	410	4	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	410	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	410	6	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	410	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	410	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	411	1	get	get	AUX
epaa-8496	411	2	set	set	VERB
epaa-8496	411	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	411	4	go	go	VERB
epaa-8496	411	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	411	6	creating	create	VERB
epaa-8496	411	7	successful	successful	ADJ
epaa-8496	411	8	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	411	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	411	10	reporting	reporting	NOUN
epaa-8496	411	11	systems	system	NOUN
epaa-8496	411	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	412	1	solution	solution	NOUN
epaa-8496	412	2	tree	tree	NOUN
epaa-8496	412	3	press	press	NOUN
epaa-8496	412	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	413	1	guskey	guskey	ADJ
epaa-8496	413	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	413	3	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-8496	413	4	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	413	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	413	6	2022	2022	NUM
epaa-8496	413	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	413	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	414	1	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	414	2	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	414	3	be	be	AUX
epaa-8496	414	4	an	an	DET
epaa-8496	414	5	effective	effective	ADJ
epaa-8496	414	6	form	form	NOUN
epaa-8496	414	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	414	8	feedback	feedback	NOUN
epaa-8496	414	9	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	415	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-8496	415	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-8496	415	3	kappan	kappan	NOUN
epaa-8496	415	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	415	5	104(3	104(3	NUM
epaa-8496	415	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	415	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	415	8	97	97	NUM
epaa-8496	415	9	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	415	10	108	108	NUM
epaa-8496	415	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	416	1	https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x12453309	https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x12453309	VERB
epaa-8496	416	2	https://doi.org/10.1353/hsj.0.0039	https://doi.org/10.1353/hsj.0.0039	NOUN
epaa-8496	416	3	https://scdp.uark.edu/files/2018/10/making-it-count-in-7-us-cities.pdf	https://scdp.uark.edu/files/2018/10/making-it-count-in-7-us-cities.pdf	ADP
epaa-8496	416	4	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2019/04/a-good-investment-public-charter-schools-in-8-us-cities-x3cquy.pdf	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2019/04/a-good-investment-public-charter-schools-in-8-us-cities-x3cquy.pdf	PROPN
epaa-8496	416	5	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2019/04/a-good-investment-public-charter-schools-in-8-us-cities-x3cquy.pdf	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2019/04/a-good-investment-public-charter-schools-in-8-us-cities-x3cquy.pdf	NOUN
epaa-8496	416	6	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2019/04/a-good-investment-public-charter-schools-in-8-us-cities-x3cquy.pdf	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2019/04/a-good-investment-public-charter-schools-in-8-us-cities-x3cquy.pdf	PROPN
epaa-8496	416	7	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/bigger-bang-fewer-bucks-the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-in-eight-u-s-cities-w9xm34.pdf	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/bigger-bang-fewer-bucks-the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-in-eight-u-s-cities-w9xm34.pdf	NOUN
epaa-8496	416	8	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/bigger-bang-fewer-bucks-the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-in-eight-u-s-cities-w9xm34.pdf	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/bigger-bang-fewer-bucks-the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-in-eight-u-s-cities-w9xm34.pdf	NOUN
epaa-8496	416	9	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/bigger-bang-fewer-bucks-the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-in-eight-u-s-cities-w9xm34.pdf	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/bigger-bang-fewer-bucks-the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-in-eight-u-s-cities-w9xm34.pdf	X
epaa-8496	416	10	https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721719846890	https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721719846890	VERB
epaa-8496	416	11	https://doi.org/10.1080/10511970.2020.1772915	https://doi.org/10.1080/10511970.2020.1772915	ADJ
epaa-8496	416	12	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	416	13	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	416	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	416	15	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	416	16	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	416	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	417	1	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	417	2	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	417	3	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	418	1	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	418	2	22	22	NUM
epaa-8496	418	3	harris	harris	PROPN
epaa-8496	418	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	418	5	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-8496	418	6	n.	n.	PROPN
epaa-8496	418	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	418	8	2009	2009	NUM
epaa-8496	418	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	418	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	419	1	toward	toward	ADP
epaa-8496	419	2	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	419	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	419	4	relevant	relevant	ADJ
epaa-8496	419	5	benchmarks	benchmark	NOUN
epaa-8496	419	6	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	419	7	interpreting	interpret	VERB
epaa-8496	419	8	effect	effect	NOUN
epaa-8496	419	9	sizes	size	NOUN
epaa-8496	419	10	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	419	11	combining	combine	VERB
epaa-8496	419	12	effects	effect	NOUN
epaa-8496	419	13	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	419	14	costs	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	419	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	420	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	420	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-8496	420	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	420	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	420	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	420	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	420	7	31(1	31(1	NUM
epaa-8496	420	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	420	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	420	10	3	3	NUM
epaa-8496	420	11	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	420	12	29	29	NUM
epaa-8496	420	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	1	https://doi.org/10.3102/0162373708327524	https://doi.org/10.3102/0162373708327524	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	2	hollands	holland	NOUN
epaa-8496	421	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	4	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	6	bowden	bowden	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	8	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	9	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	11	belfield	belfield	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	13	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	15	levin	levin	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	17	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	18	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	20	cheng	cheng	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	22	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	24	shand	shand	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	25	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	26	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	28	pan	pan	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	30	y.	y.	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	32	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	421	33	hanisch	hanisch	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	34	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	35	cerda	cerda	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	37	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-8496	421	38	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	39	2014	2014	NUM
epaa-8496	421	40	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	421	41	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	422	1	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	422	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	422	3	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	422	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	422	5	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	422	6	practice	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	422	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	422	8	interventions	intervention	NOUN
epaa-8496	422	9	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	422	10	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-8496	422	11	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	422	12	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	422	13	completion	completion	NOUN
epaa-8496	422	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	423	1	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	423	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-8496	423	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	423	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	423	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	423	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	423	7	36(3	36(3	NOUN
epaa-8496	423	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	423	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	423	10	307	307	NUM
epaa-8496	423	11	–	–	PUNCT
epaa-8496	423	12	326	326	NUM
epaa-8496	423	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	1	http://www.jstor.org/stable/43773469	http://www.jstor.org/stable/43773469	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	2	johnson	johnson	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	5	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	7	mcgee	mcgee	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	9	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	10	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	12	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	14	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	15	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	17	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	424	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	19	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	20	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	21	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	22	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	424	23	maloney	maloney	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	25	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	26	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-8496	424	27	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	28	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	424	29	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	424	30	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	425	1	still	still	ADV
epaa-8496	425	2	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	425	3	good	good	ADJ
epaa-8496	425	4	investment	investment	NOUN
epaa-8496	425	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	425	6	charter	charter	NOUN
epaa-8496	425	7	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	425	8	productivity	productivity	NOUN
epaa-8496	425	9	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	425	10	nine	nine	NUM
epaa-8496	425	11	cities	city	NOUN
epaa-8496	425	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	426	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	426	2	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-8496	426	3	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
epaa-8496	426	4	project	project	NOUN
epaa-8496	426	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	426	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	426	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	426	8	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	426	9	department	department	PROPN
epaa-8496	426	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	426	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	426	12	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-8496	426	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	1	https://bpb-use1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2023/10/still	https://bpb-use1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2023/10/still	PROPN
epaa-8496	427	2	-a	-a	ADJ
epaa-8496	427	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	4	goodinvestment	goodinvestment	NOUN
epaa-8496	427	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	6	charter	charter	NOUN
epaa-8496	427	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	427	9	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	10	productivity	productivity	NOUN
epaa-8496	427	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	12	in-9	in-9	NUM
epaa-8496	427	13	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	14	cities.pdf	cities.pdf	NOUN
epaa-8496	427	15	levin	levin	PROPN
epaa-8496	427	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	17	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-8496	427	18	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-8496	427	19	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	20	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	427	21	belfield	belfield	PROPN
epaa-8496	427	22	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	23	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	427	24	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	25	2015	2015	NUM
epaa-8496	427	26	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	427	27	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	428	1	guiding	guide	VERB
epaa-8496	428	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	428	3	development	development	NOUN
epaa-8496	428	4	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	428	5	use	use	NOUN
epaa-8496	428	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	428	7	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	428	8	-effectiveness	-effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	428	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	428	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	428	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	428	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	429	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-8496	429	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	429	3	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	429	4	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	429	5	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	429	6	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	429	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	429	8	8(3	8(3	NUM
epaa-8496	429	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	429	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	429	11	400–418	400–418	NUM
epaa-8496	429	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	430	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/19345747.2014.915604	https://doi.org/10.1080/19345747.2014.915604	PROPN
epaa-8496	430	2	levin	levin	PROPN
epaa-8496	430	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	430	4	h.	h.	PROPN
epaa-8496	430	5	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-8496	430	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	430	7	mcewan	mcewan	NOUN
epaa-8496	430	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	430	9	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-8496	430	10	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	430	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	430	12	belfield	belfield	PROPN
epaa-8496	430	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	430	14	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	430	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	430	16	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	430	17	bowden	bowden	PROPN
epaa-8496	430	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	430	19	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	430	20	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-8496	430	21	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	430	22	2018	2018	NUM
epaa-8496	430	23	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	430	24	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	431	1	economic	economic	ADJ
epaa-8496	431	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
epaa-8496	431	3	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	431	4	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	431	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	431	6	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	431	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	431	8	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
epaa-8496	431	9	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	431	10	benefit	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	431	11	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	431	12	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	431	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	431	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	432	1	sage	sage	NOUN
epaa-8496	432	2	publications	publication	NOUN
epaa-8496	432	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	433	1	long	long	ADV
epaa-8496	433	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	433	3	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-8496	433	4	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	433	5	2017	2017	NUM
epaa-8496	433	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	433	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	434	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	434	2	impact	impact	NOUN
epaa-8496	434	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	434	4	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	434	5	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	434	6	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	434	7	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	434	8	case	case	NOUN
epaa-8496	434	9	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	434	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	434	11	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	434	12	southern	southern	ADJ
epaa-8496	434	13	nevada	nevada	PROPN
epaa-8496	434	14	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	434	15	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	434	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	435	1	[	[	X
epaa-8496	435	2	dissertation].pro	dissertation].pro	PRON
epaa-8496	435	3	quest	quest	NOUN
epaa-8496	435	4	llc	llc	PROPN
epaa-8496	435	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	436	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	436	2	accession	accession	NOUN
epaa-8496	436	3	no	no	INTJ
epaa-8496	436	4	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	436	5	10622936	10622936	NUM
epaa-8496	436	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	436	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	437	1	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
epaa-8496	437	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	437	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	437	4	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	437	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	437	6	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	437	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	437	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	438	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	438	2	perceptions	perception	NOUN
epaa-8496	438	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	438	4	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	438	5	grading	grading	NOUN
epaa-8496	438	6	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	438	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	438	8	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	438	9	case	case	NOUN
epaa-8496	438	10	study	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	438	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	439	1	[	[	X
epaa-8496	439	2	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
epaa-8496	439	3	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-8496	439	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	440	1	proquest	proquest	PROPN
epaa-8496	440	2	dissertations	dissertation	NOUN
epaa-8496	440	3	publishing	publishing	NOUN
epaa-8496	440	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	441	1	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	441	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	441	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	441	4	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	441	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	441	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	441	7	barton	barton	PROPN
epaa-8496	441	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	441	9	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	441	10	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-8496	441	11	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	441	12	2022	2022	NUM
epaa-8496	441	13	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	441	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	442	1	can	can	AUX
epaa-8496	442	2	offering	offer	VERB
epaa-8496	442	3	more	more	ADJ
epaa-8496	442	4	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	442	5	control	control	NOUN
epaa-8496	442	6	improve	improve	VERB
epaa-8496	442	7	middle	middle	ADJ
epaa-8496	442	8	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	442	9	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	442	10	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-8496	442	11	motivation	motivation	NOUN
epaa-8496	442	12	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	443	2	clearing	clearing	NOUN
epaa-8496	443	3	house	house	NOUN
epaa-8496	443	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	5	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	443	6	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-8496	443	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	443	8	educational	educational	ADJ
epaa-8496	443	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
epaa-8496	443	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	11	issues	issue	NOUN
epaa-8496	443	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	443	13	ideas	idea	NOUN
epaa-8496	443	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	15	95(3	95(3	NUM
epaa-8496	443	16	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	17	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	18	128	128	NUM
epaa-8496	443	19	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	443	20	135	135	NUM
epaa-8496	443	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	22	https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2022.2051416	https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2022.2051416	PROPN
epaa-8496	443	23	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	443	24	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	25	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	443	26	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	443	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	28	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	443	29	mckenzie	mckenzie	PROPN
epaa-8496	443	30	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	31	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	443	32	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	443	33	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	34	2024	2024	NUM
epaa-8496	443	35	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	443	36	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	444	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	444	2	role	role	NOUN
epaa-8496	444	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	444	4	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	444	5	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	444	6	freshman	freshman	NOUN
epaa-8496	444	7	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	444	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	444	9	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
epaa-8496	444	10	status	status	NOUN
epaa-8496	444	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	444	12	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	444	13	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	444	14	location	location	NOUN
epaa-8496	444	15	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	444	16	college	college	NOUN
epaa-8496	444	17	enrollment	enrollment	NOUN
epaa-8496	444	18	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	445	1	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-8496	445	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	445	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	445	4	administration	administration	NOUN
epaa-8496	445	5	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	445	6	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	445	7	development	development	NOUN
epaa-8496	445	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	445	9	9(1	9(1	NUM
epaa-8496	445	10	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	445	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	445	12	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	445	13	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	445	14	11	11	NUM
epaa-8496	445	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	446	1	https://doi.org/10.32674/jsard.v9i1.6233	https://doi.org/10.32674/jsard.v9i1.6233	X
epaa-8496	446	2	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	446	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	446	4	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	446	5	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	446	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	446	7	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	446	8	mckenzie	mckenzie	PROPN
epaa-8496	446	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	446	10	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	446	11	c.	c.	PROPN
epaa-8496	446	12	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	446	13	2024	2024	NUM
epaa-8496	446	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	446	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	447	1	stuck	stick	VERB
epaa-8496	447	2	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	447	3	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	447	4	same	same	ADJ
epaa-8496	447	5	old	old	ADJ
epaa-8496	447	6	grades	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	447	7	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	447	8	unchanging	unchanging	ADJ
epaa-8496	447	9	disparities	disparity	NOUN
epaa-8496	447	10	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	447	11	economically	economically	ADV
epaa-8496	447	12	disadvantaged	disadvantaged	ADJ
epaa-8496	447	13	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	447	14	’	'	PUNCT
epaa-8496	447	15	course	course	NOUN
epaa-8496	447	16	failures	failure	VERB
epaa-8496	447	17	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	448	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	448	2	educational	educational	PROPN
epaa-8496	448	3	forum	forum	PROPN
epaa-8496	448	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	448	5	1	1	NUM
epaa-8496	448	6	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	448	7	17	17	NUM
epaa-8496	448	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	449	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/00131725.2024.2312299	https://doi.org/10.1080/00131725.2024.2312299	PROPN
epaa-8496	449	2	national	national	ADJ
epaa-8496	449	3	center	center	NOUN
epaa-8496	449	4	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	449	5	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	449	6	statistics	statistic	NOUN
epaa-8496	449	7	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	450	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	450	2	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	450	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	450	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	451	1	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	451	2	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	451	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	451	4	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	451	5	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	451	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	452	1	condition	condition	NOUN
epaa-8496	452	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	452	3	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	452	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	453	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
epaa-8496	453	2	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	453	3	department	department	PROPN
epaa-8496	453	4	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	453	5	education	education	PROPN
epaa-8496	453	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	453	7	institute	institute	NOUN
epaa-8496	453	8	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	453	9	education	education	PROPN
epaa-8496	453	10	sciences	sciences	PROPN
epaa-8496	453	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	454	1	https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/coi/high-school-graduation-rates	https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/coi/high-school-graduation-rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	454	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	455	1	open	open	ADJ
epaa-8496	455	2	data	datum	NOUN
epaa-8496	455	3	network	network	NOUN
epaa-8496	455	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	456	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	456	2	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	456	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	456	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	457	1	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	457	2	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	457	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	458	1	https://www.opendatanetwork.com/entity/0400000us05/arkansas/education.graduati	https://www.opendatanetwork.com/entity/0400000us05/arkansas/education.graduati	PROPN
epaa-8496	458	2	onrates.percent_high_school_graduate_or_higher?year=2018	onrates.percent_high_school_graduate_or_higher?year=2018	ADP
epaa-8496	458	3	phillips	phillips	PROPN
epaa-8496	458	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	458	5	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-8496	458	6	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-8496	458	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	458	8	2019	2019	NUM
epaa-8496	458	9	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	458	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	459	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	459	2	make	make	VERB
epaa-8496	459	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	459	4	or	or	CCONJ
epaa-8496	459	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	459	6	break	break	NOUN
epaa-8496	459	7	year	year	NOUN
epaa-8496	459	8	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	459	9	solving	solve	VERB
epaa-8496	459	10	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	459	11	dropout	dropout	NOUN
epaa-8496	459	12	crisis	crisis	NOUN
epaa-8496	459	13	one	one	NUM
epaa-8496	459	14	ninth	ninth	ADJ
epaa-8496	459	15	grader	grader	NOUN
epaa-8496	459	16	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	459	17	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	459	18	time	time	NOUN
epaa-8496	459	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	460	1	new	new	ADJ
epaa-8496	460	2	press	press	NOUN
epaa-8496	460	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	461	1	reeves	reeves	PROPN
epaa-8496	461	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	461	3	d.	d.	PROPN
epaa-8496	461	4	b.	b.	PROPN
epaa-8496	461	5	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	461	6	2004	2004	NUM
epaa-8496	461	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	461	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	462	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	462	2	case	case	NOUN
epaa-8496	462	3	against	against	ADP
epaa-8496	462	4	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	462	5	zero	zero	NUM
epaa-8496	462	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	463	1	phi	phi	NOUN
epaa-8496	463	2	delta	delta	NOUN
epaa-8496	463	3	kappan	kappan	PROPN
epaa-8496	463	4	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	463	5	86(4	86(4	NUM
epaa-8496	463	6	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	463	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	463	8	324–325	324–325	NUM
epaa-8496	463	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	464	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170408600418	https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170408600418	PROPN
epaa-8496	464	2	schneider	schneider	PROPN
epaa-8496	464	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	464	4	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	464	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	464	6	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	464	7	hutt	hutt	PROPN
epaa-8496	464	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	464	9	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-8496	464	10	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	464	11	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	464	12	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	464	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	465	1	making	make	VERB
epaa-8496	465	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	465	3	grade	grade	NOUN
epaa-8496	465	4	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	465	5	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	465	6	history	history	NOUN
epaa-8496	465	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	465	8	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	465	9	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	465	10	-f	-f	ADV
epaa-8496	465	11	marking	mark	VERB
epaa-8496	465	12	scheme	scheme	NOUN
epaa-8496	465	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	466	1	journal	journal	NOUN
epaa-8496	466	2	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	466	3	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
epaa-8496	466	4	studies	study	NOUN
epaa-8496	466	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	466	6	46(2	46(2	NOUN
epaa-8496	466	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	466	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	466	9	201–224	201–224	NUM
epaa-8496	466	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	467	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2013.790480	https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2013.790480	PROPN
epaa-8496	467	2	stiggins	stiggins	PROPN
epaa-8496	467	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	467	4	r.	r.	PROPN
epaa-8496	467	5	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	467	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	467	7	2005	2005	NUM
epaa-8496	467	8	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	467	9	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	468	1	student	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	468	2	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	468	3	involved	involve	VERB
epaa-8496	468	4	assessment	assessment	NOUN
epaa-8496	468	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	468	6	learning	learn	VERB
epaa-8496	468	7	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	468	8	4th	4th	ADJ
epaa-8496	468	9	ed	ed	NOUN
epaa-8496	468	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	468	11	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	468	12	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	469	1	pearson	pearson	PROPN
epaa-8496	469	2	merrill	merrill	PROPN
epaa-8496	469	3	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	470	1	wakeman	wakeman	PROPN
epaa-8496	470	2	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	470	3	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	470	4	y.	y.	PROPN
epaa-8496	470	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	470	6	thurlow	thurlow	NOUN
epaa-8496	470	7	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	470	8	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-8496	470	9	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	470	10	reyes	reyes	PROPN
epaa-8496	470	11	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	470	12	e.	e.	PROPN
epaa-8496	470	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	470	14	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	470	15	kearns	kearns	PROPN
epaa-8496	470	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	470	17	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	470	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	470	19	2022	2022	NUM
epaa-8496	470	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	470	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	471	1	fair	fair	ADJ
epaa-8496	471	2	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	471	3	equitable	equitable	ADJ
epaa-8496	471	4	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	471	5	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	471	6	all	all	DET
epaa-8496	471	7	students	student	NOUN
epaa-8496	471	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	471	9	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
epaa-8496	471	10	settings	setting	NOUN
epaa-8496	471	11	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	472	1	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
epaa-8496	472	2	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	472	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	472	4	1(4	1(4	NUM
epaa-8496	472	5	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	472	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	472	7	127–131	127–131	NUM
epaa-8496	472	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	473	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/27324745211055398	https://doi.org/10.1177/27324745211055398	PRON
epaa-8496	474	1	https://doi.org/10.3102/0162373708327524	https://doi.org/10.3102/0162373708327524	PROPN
epaa-8496	474	2	http://www.jstor.org/stable/43773469	http://www.jstor.org/stable/43773469	NOUN
epaa-8496	474	3	https://doi.org/10.1080/19345747.2014.915604	https://doi.org/10.1080/19345747.2014.915604	X
epaa-8496	474	4	https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2022.2051416	https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2022.2051416	NOUN
epaa-8496	474	5	https://doi.org/10.32674/jsard.v9i1.6233	https://doi.org/10.32674/jsard.v9i1.6233	AUX
epaa-8496	474	6	https://doi.org/10.1080/00131725.2024.2312299	https://doi.org/10.1080/00131725.2024.2312299	PROPN
epaa-8496	474	7	https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/coi/high-school-graduation-rates	https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/coi/high-school-graduation-rate	VERB
epaa-8496	474	8	https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170408600418	https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170408600418	NUM
epaa-8496	474	9	https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2013.790480	https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2013.790480	PROPN
epaa-8496	474	10	https://doi.org/10.1177/27324745211055398	https://doi.org/10.1177/27324745211055398	X
epaa-8496	474	11	minimum	minimum	NOUN
epaa-8496	474	12	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	474	13	23	23	NUM
epaa-8496	474	14	williams	william	NOUN
epaa-8496	474	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	474	16	k.	k.	PROPN
epaa-8496	474	17	n.	n.	PROPN
epaa-8496	474	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	474	19	2020	2020	NUM
epaa-8496	474	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	474	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	475	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	475	2	influence	influence	NOUN
epaa-8496	475	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	475	4	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	475	5	minimum	minimum	ADJ
epaa-8496	475	6	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	475	7	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	475	8	on	on	ADP
epaa-8496	475	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	475	10	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	475	11	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	475	12	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	475	13	urban	urban	ADJ
epaa-8496	475	14	secondary	secondary	ADJ
epaa-8496	475	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
epaa-8496	475	16	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	476	1	[	[	X
epaa-8496	476	2	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
epaa-8496	476	3	]	]	PUNCT
epaa-8496	476	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	477	1	proquest	proquest	PROPN
epaa-8496	477	2	dissertations	dissertation	NOUN
epaa-8496	477	3	publishing	publishing	NOUN
epaa-8496	477	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	478	1	wisevoter	wisevoter	NOUN
epaa-8496	478	2	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	479	1	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	479	2	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	479	3	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	479	4	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	480	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	480	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	480	3	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	480	4	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	480	5	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	480	6	state	state	NOUN
epaa-8496	480	7	2023	2023	NUM
epaa-8496	480	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	481	1	high	high	ADJ
epaa-8496	481	2	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	481	3	graduation	graduation	NOUN
epaa-8496	481	4	rates	rate	NOUN
epaa-8496	481	5	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	1	https://wisevoter.com/state-rankings/high-school-graduation-rates-by-state/	https://wisevoter.com/state-rankings/high-school-graduation-rates-by-state/	ADV
epaa-8496	482	2	wolf	wolf	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	3	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	4	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	5	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	6	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	7	cheng	cheng	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	9	a.	a.	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	11	batdorff	batdorff	NOUN
epaa-8496	482	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	13	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-8496	482	14	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	15	maloney	maloney	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	17	l.	l.	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	18	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	19	may	may	AUX
epaa-8496	482	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	21	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	22	f.	f.	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	23	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	24	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	482	25	speakman	speakman	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	27	s.	s.	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	28	t.	t.	PROPN
epaa-8496	482	29	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	30	2014	2014	NUM
epaa-8496	482	31	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	482	32	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	483	1	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	483	2	productivity	productivity	NOUN
epaa-8496	483	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	483	4	public	public	ADJ
epaa-8496	483	5	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	483	6	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	484	1	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	484	2	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-8496	484	3	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
epaa-8496	484	4	project	project	NOUN
epaa-8496	484	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	484	6	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	484	7	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	484	8	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	484	9	department	department	PROPN
epaa-8496	484	10	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	484	11	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	484	12	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-8496	484	13	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	485	1	https://bpb-use1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/the	https://bpb-use1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/the	DET
epaa-8496	485	2	-productivity	-productivity	NOUN
epaa-8496	485	3	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	485	4	ofpublic	ofpublic	ADJ
epaa-8496	485	5	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	485	6	charter	charter	NOUN
epaa-8496	485	7	-	-	PUNCT
epaa-8496	485	8	schools-1vwpn63.pdf	schools-1vwpn63.pdf	NOUN
epaa-8496	485	9	wolf	wolf	NOUN
epaa-8496	485	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	485	11	p.	p.	PROPN
epaa-8496	485	12	j.	j.	PROPN
epaa-8496	485	13	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	485	14	&	&	CCONJ
epaa-8496	485	15	mcshane	mcshane	PROPN
epaa-8496	485	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	485	17	m.	m.	NOUN
epaa-8496	485	18	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	485	19	2013	2013	NUM
epaa-8496	485	20	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	485	21	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	485	22	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	485	23	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	485	24	juice	juice	NOUN
epaa-8496	485	25	worth	worth	ADJ
epaa-8496	485	26	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	485	27	squeeze	squeeze	NOUN
epaa-8496	485	28	?	?	PUNCT
epaa-8496	486	1	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	486	2	benefit	benefit	NOUN
epaa-8496	486	3	/	/	SYM
epaa-8496	486	4	cost	cost	NOUN
epaa-8496	486	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	486	6	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	486	7	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	486	8	district	district	NOUN
epaa-8496	486	9	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	486	10	columbia	columbia	PROPN
epaa-8496	486	11	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
epaa-8496	486	12	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
epaa-8496	486	13	program	program	NOUN
epaa-8496	486	14	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	487	1	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	487	2	finance	finance	NOUN
epaa-8496	487	3	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	487	4	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	487	5	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	487	6	8(1	8(1	NOUN
epaa-8496	487	7	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	487	8	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	487	9	74–99	74–99	NOUN
epaa-8496	487	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	488	1	https://www.jstor.org/stable/educfinapoli.8.1.74	https://www.jstor.org/stable/educfinapoli.8.1.74	VERB
epaa-8496	488	2	about	about	ADP
epaa-8496	488	3	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	488	4	authors	author	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	5	sarah	sarah	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	6	ruth	ruth	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	7	morris	morris	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	8	rice	rice	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	9	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	10	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	488	11	houston	houston	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	12	education	education	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	13	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	14	consortium	consortium	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	15	sm332@rice.edu	sm332@rice.edu	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	16	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-4337	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-4337	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	17	sarah	sarah	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	18	recently	recently	ADV
epaa-8496	488	19	graduated	graduate	VERB
epaa-8496	488	20	with	with	ADP
epaa-8496	488	21	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	488	22	phd	phd	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	23	from	from	ADP
epaa-8496	488	24	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	488	25	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	26	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	488	27	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	28	’s	’s	PART
epaa-8496	488	29	department	department	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	30	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	488	31	education	education	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	32	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	33	program	program	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	34	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	488	35	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	488	36	now	now	ADV
epaa-8496	488	37	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	488	38	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	39	liaison	liaison	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	40	for	for	ADP
epaa-8496	488	41	rice	rice	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	42	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	43	’s	’s	PART
epaa-8496	488	44	houston	houston	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	45	education	education	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	46	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	47	consortium	consortium	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	48	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	488	49	herc	herc	NOUN
epaa-8496	488	50	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	488	51	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	488	52	pasadena	pasadena	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	53	isd	isd	PROPN
epaa-8496	488	54	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	489	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-8496	489	2	researches	research	VERB
epaa-8496	489	3	grading	grade	VERB
epaa-8496	489	4	practices	practice	NOUN
epaa-8496	489	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	489	6	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	489	7	policies	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	489	8	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	489	9	schools	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	489	10	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	490	1	alison	alison	PROPN
epaa-8496	490	2	heape	heape	PROPN
epaa-8496	490	3	johnson	johnson	PROPN
epaa-8496	490	4	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	490	5	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	490	6	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	490	7	aeheape@uark.edu	aeheape@uark.edu	PROPN
epaa-8496	491	1	https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2135-1058	https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2135-1058	PROPN
epaa-8496	491	2	alison	alison	PROPN
epaa-8496	491	3	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	491	4	a	a	DET
epaa-8496	491	5	distinguished	distinguished	ADJ
epaa-8496	491	6	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
epaa-8496	491	7	fellow	fellow	NOUN
epaa-8496	491	8	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	491	9	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	491	10	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	491	11	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	491	12	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
epaa-8496	491	13	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	491	14	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	491	15	department	department	NOUN
epaa-8496	491	16	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	491	17	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	491	18	reform	reform	NOUN
epaa-8496	491	19	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	492	1	she	she	PRON
epaa-8496	492	2	researches	research	VERB
epaa-8496	492	3	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	492	4	finance	finance	NOUN
epaa-8496	492	5	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	492	6	school	school	NOUN
epaa-8496	492	7	choice	choice	NOUN
epaa-8496	492	8	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	493	1	https://wisevoter.com/state-rankings/high-school-graduation-rates-by-state/	https://wisevoter.com/state-rankings/high-school-graduation-rates-by-state/	PROPN
epaa-8496	493	2	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-1vwpn63.pdf	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-1vwpn63.pdf	PROPN
epaa-8496	493	3	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-1vwpn63.pdf	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-1vwpn63.pdf	PROPN
epaa-8496	493	4	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-1vwpn63.pdf	https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/wordpressua.uark.edu/dist/9/544/files/2018/10/the-productivity-of-public-charter-schools-1vwpn63.pdf	NOUN
epaa-8496	493	5	https://www.jstor.org/stable/educfinapoli.8.1.74	https://www.jstor.org/stable/educfinapoli.8.1.74	VERB
epaa-8496	493	6	mailto:sm332@rice.edu	mailto:sm332@rice.edu	PROPN
epaa-8496	493	7	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-4337	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-4337	NOUN
epaa-8496	493	8	mailto:aeheape@uark.edu	mailto:aeheape@uark.edu	NOUN
epaa-8496	493	9	https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2135-1058	https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2135-1058	NOUN
epaa-8496	493	10	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	493	11	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	493	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	493	13	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	493	14	vol	vol	NOUN
epaa-8496	493	15	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	494	1	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	494	2	no	no	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	3	.	.	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	4	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	494	5	24	24	NUM
epaa-8496	494	6	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	7	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	9	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	10	volume	volume	VERB
epaa-8496	494	11	32	32	NUM
epaa-8496	494	12	number	number	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	13	40	40	NUM
epaa-8496	494	14	july	july	PROPN
epaa-8496	494	15	30	30	NUM
epaa-8496	494	16	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	494	17	2024	2024	NUM
epaa-8496	494	18	issn	issn	PROPN
epaa-8496	494	19	1068	1068	NUM
epaa-8496	494	20	-	-	SYM
epaa-8496	494	21	2341	2341	NUM
epaa-8496	494	22	readers	reader	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	23	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	494	24	free	free	ADJ
epaa-8496	494	25	to	to	PART
epaa-8496	494	26	copy	copy	VERB
epaa-8496	494	27	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	494	28	display	display	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	29	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	494	30	distribute	distribute	VERB
epaa-8496	494	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	494	32	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	494	33	adapt	adapt	VERB
epaa-8496	494	34	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	494	35	article	article	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	36	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	494	37	as	as	ADV
epaa-8496	494	38	long	long	ADV
epaa-8496	494	39	as	as	SCONJ
epaa-8496	494	40	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	494	41	work	work	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	42	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	494	43	attributed	attribute	VERB
epaa-8496	494	44	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	494	45	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	494	46	author(s	author(s	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	47	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	494	48	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	494	49	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	50	policy	policy	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	51	analysis	analysis	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	52	archives	archive	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	53	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	494	54	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	494	55	changes	change	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	56	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	494	57	identified	identify	VERB
epaa-8496	494	58	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	494	59	and	and	CCONJ
epaa-8496	494	60	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	494	61	same	same	ADJ
epaa-8496	494	62	license	license	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	63	applies	apply	VERB
epaa-8496	494	64	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	494	65	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	494	66	derivative	derivative	ADJ
epaa-8496	494	67	work	work	NOUN
epaa-8496	494	68	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	495	1	more	more	ADJ
epaa-8496	495	2	details	detail	NOUN
epaa-8496	495	3	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	495	4	this	this	DET
epaa-8496	495	5	creative	creative	ADJ
epaa-8496	495	6	commons	common	NOUN
epaa-8496	495	7	license	license	NOUN
epaa-8496	495	8	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	495	9	available	available	ADJ
epaa-8496	495	10	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	495	11	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.	NOUN
epaa-8496	495	12	epaa	epaa	NOUN
epaa-8496	495	13	is	be	AUX
epaa-8496	495	14	published	publish	VERB
epaa-8496	495	15	by	by	ADP
epaa-8496	495	16	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	495	17	mary	mary	PROPN
epaa-8496	495	18	lou	lou	PROPN
epaa-8496	495	19	fulton	fulton	PROPN
epaa-8496	495	20	teachers	teachers	PROPN
epaa-8496	495	21	college	college	PROPN
epaa-8496	495	22	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	495	23	arizona	arizona	PROPN
epaa-8496	495	24	state	state	PROPN
epaa-8496	495	25	university	university	PROPN
epaa-8496	495	26	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	1	articles	article	NOUN
epaa-8496	496	2	are	be	AUX
epaa-8496	496	3	indexed	index	VERB
epaa-8496	496	4	in	in	ADP
epaa-8496	496	5	circ	circ	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	6	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	7	clasificación	clasificación	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	8	integrada	integrada	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	9	de	de	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	10	revistas	revistas	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	11	científicas	científicas	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	12	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	13	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	14	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	15	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	16	dialnet	dialnet	NOUN
epaa-8496	496	17	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	18	spain	spain	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	19	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	20	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	21	directory	directory	NOUN
epaa-8496	496	22	of	of	ADP
epaa-8496	496	23	open	open	ADJ
epaa-8496	496	24	access	access	NOUN
epaa-8496	496	25	journals	journal	NOUN
epaa-8496	496	26	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	27	ebsco	ebsco	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	28	education	education	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	29	research	research	NOUN
epaa-8496	496	30	complete	complete	ADJ
epaa-8496	496	31	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	32	eric	eric	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	33	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	34	education	education	NOUN
epaa-8496	496	35	full	full	ADJ
epaa-8496	496	36	text	text	NOUN
epaa-8496	496	37	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	38	h.w	h.w	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	39	.	.	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	40	wilson	wilson	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	41	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	42	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	43	qualis	qualis	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	44	a1	a1	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	45	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	46	brazil	brazil	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	47	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	48	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	49	scimago	scimago	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	50	journal	journal	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	51	rank	rank	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	52	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	53	scopus	scopus	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	54	,	,	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	55	socolar	socolar	ADJ
epaa-8496	496	56	(	(	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	57	china	china	PROPN
epaa-8496	496	58	)	)	PUNCT
epaa-8496	496	59	.	.	PUNCT
epaa-8496	497	1	about	about	ADP
epaa-8496	497	2	the	the	DET
epaa-8496	497	3	editorial	editorial	ADJ
epaa-8496	497	4	team	team	NOUN
epaa-8496	497	5	:	:	PUNCT
epaa-8496	497	6	https://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/index.php/epaa/about/editorialteam	https://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/index.php/epaa/about/editorialteam	PROPN
epaa-8496	497	7	please	please	INTJ
epaa-8496	497	8	send	send	VERB
epaa-8496	497	9	errata	errata	NOUN
epaa-8496	497	10	notes	note	NOUN
epaa-8496	497	11	to	to	ADP
epaa-8496	497	12	jeanne	jeanne	PROPN
epaa-8496	497	13	m.	m.	PROPN
epaa-8496	497	14	powers	power	NOUN
epaa-8496	497	15	at	at	ADP
epaa-8496	497	16	jeanne.powers@asu.edu	jeanne.powers@asu.edu	PROPN
epaa-8496	497	17	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/	PROPN
epaa-8496	497	18	http://www.doaj.org/	http://www.doaj.org/	PROPN
epaa-8496	497	19	http://www.doaj.org/	http://www.doaj.org/	PROPN
epaa-8496	497	20	https://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/index.php/epaa/about/editorialteam	https://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/index.php/epaa/about/editorialteam	PROPN
epaa-8496	497	21	mailto:mailtojeanne.powers@asu.edu	mailto:mailtojeanne.powers@asu.edu	VERB