id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
educationr-4371	Philip, Thomas M.	NEPC Review: Productive Struggle: How Artificial Intelligence is Changing Learning, Effort, and Youth Development in Education (Bellwether, June 2025) [Reprint].	2025	11	.pdf	application/pdf	3430	174	38	AI tools should be assessed for “how they shape persistence, curiosity, and long-term under- standing across diverse students, including those with learning differences and those learning in multiple languages.” Educational researchers who study classrooms have raised concerns about such individualistic views of effort and http://nepc.colorado.edu/review/struggle 6 of 11 motivation.6 Realistically, productive struggle involves an interplay of peer dynam- ics, student-teacher interactions, and the particular task at hand.7 Productive strug- gle must be viewed within a collective enterprise that depends on a host of social factors: how students engage with each other’s ideas, collaboratively determine the parameters of a problem, and negotiate social relations such as authority, smartness, and interpersonal issues.8 Additionally, the report creates a false distinction between cognition and “the human side of learning,” a dichotomy that has been contested in the literature.9 It mistak- enly extrapolates the potential affordances of individual students’ use of AI tools to whole class contexts without a basis for doing so.	cache/educationr-4371.pdf	txt/educationr-4371.txt