elements: A Pathfinder

This is a computer-generated pathfinder created against the Distant Reader study called elements.

Each Distant Reader study carrel is composed of many individual items. Each item is bibliographically described with author, title, date, summary, and keyword values. Below is a list of the items' most signficant keywords as well as lists of the items themselves. Purpusing the content of this pathfinder provides the student, researcher, or scholar with one way to get their heads around the scope of the carrel. The keywords include:

College; Women; Ibid; Time; Society; Life; People; History; War; Editor; States; Death; Boston; Students; Use; Work; Irish; Press; Language; Water; Film; Movement; State; Brain; System; Trade; Law; Violence; Levels; Energy; Market; Data; Government; City; Massachusetts; Food; Species; Asian; Body; Identity; Wikimedia; Environmental; Adoption; Cells; Reality; Response; London; Derrida; Health; Blood; Shelters; Bush; Hawaiian; Rodriguez; Remittances; Intelligentsia; Blue; Malaria; Alvaro; Corbis; Intelligence; Mod; Dna

Depending on how this pathfinder was created, many of the bibliographic sections will include elaborations on the meaning(s) of the given keywords. These elaborations were generated by feeding the items' summaries to a large langauge model and asking the model to address the question, "What is X?", where "X" is the keyword. The result will be a few sentences of elaboration. Be forewarned. The elaborations are often plausible, but they should not be take as truth. Instead, they should be taken as points for consideration.

• Elements Fall 2021 by Elements (2022) - #& )-&/%( +%%$8&#($. !) If load exceeds PV production , the battery is discharged until either the excess load is met, or the battery reaches its minimum capacity: +#13&! 2: -.1%&#$*, +%& 87-/-$$!&2 '2'$!, !(!&12 +.%:' ($!&%, ! Keywords: + +; adoption; analysis; battery; battery systems; belonging; capacity; chaucer; college; color; costs; counterfeit; data; electricity; emissions; energy; gender; grid; impact; lifetime; massachusetts; mentors; metering; net; new; power; pronouns; pv system; rates; research; sense; sex; society; solar; standalone; states; students; system; time; trade; women; year
• Spring 2021 by Elements (2022) - # $%&'# %( !# $&%(! *+%(*$ 5*! Keywords: action; american; anti; antitrust; april; august; brain; case; century; china; chinese; christian; church; college; commemoration; companies; computing; content; data; december; defense; department; diet; durrant; e8ects; facebook; force; foreign; francisco; future; google; government; herald; history; intel; ireland; irish; journal; july; june; law; market; media; microsoft; military; misinformation; murders; national; naval; navy; neuromorphic; new; news; november; october; pacific; penny; people; policy; power; press; public; research; review; rising; robert; san; section; security; service; south; states; taiwan; technology; time; trade; trump; twitter; u.s; united; war; women; world; york
• Masthead and Editor's Note by Marandola, Marissa (2015) - Copyright © 2015 by the Trustees of Boston College elements staff editor-in-chief marissa marandola managing editor frank a. direnno deputy editor ellen white layout brandon bavier, Senior Editor betty yunqing wang, Editor kelsey xizi zhang, Editor treasurer lydia orr humanities grace west, Senior Editor patty owens, Senior Editor jacob ciafone, Editor domenick fazzolari, Editor annie kim, Editor marie pellissier, Editor sciences corleone delaveris, Senior Editor saljooq m. asif, Editor david fu, Editor alex gilligan, Editor michelle kang, Editor alessandra luedeking, Editor jingzong yan, Editor nick yu, Editor faculty advisor elizabeth chadwick Dear Readers, thanks We would like to thank Boston College, the Institute for the Liberal Arts, and the Office of the Dean for the College of Arts and Sciences for the financial support that makes this issue possible. Keywords: boston; college; editor; elements; research
• Author Biographies and Artwork Credits by Marandola, Marissa (2015) - list of artwork writer ayad akhtar © Wikimedia Commons 10 13 15 18 24 36 38 54 60 63 68 71 islamic cultural center in manhattan © Wikimedia Commons ground zero mosque protestor © Wikimedia Commons disgraced performance still © Geraint Lewis/Alamy chechen women © Wikimedia Commons corn shucking song © Wikimedia Commons slaves dance to music of banjo © Wikimedia Commons michelle obama © Wikimedia Commons lost title screen © Wikimedia Commons debris on rooftops near world trade center © FEMA Photo Library john sherman © Library of Congress comcast and time warner cable logos © Wikimedia Commons His writing has appeared in both The Heights, the inde- pendent student newspaper of Boston College, and Dianoia, the undergraduate philosophy journal of Boston College. Keywords: boston; college; commons
• Author Biographies by Marandola, Marissa (2005) - ERIN L. M C C U T C H E O N is originally from Ridgewood, New Jersey and is now a senior at Boston College. She hopes to attend graduate school after completing here education at Boston College, and she would also like to travel. Keywords: boston; college; senior; work
• Author Biographies by Marandola, Marissa (2008) - C A I T L I N P E T E R S O N is a graduate of the College of Arts and Sciences Honors Program as of May 2008 with a major i n History and a minor in Latin American Studies. is a senior in the School of Arts and Sciences at Boston College. Keywords: college
• Masthead and Editor's Note by Marandola, Marissa (2005) - However, you, as Boston College students, have filled that box to burst- ing and extended education into the open world. The authors featured i n this issue of Elements have met their call as Boston College students to educate the person and extend the bounds of academia from abstraction into action. Keywords: college; editor
• Author Biographies and Artwork Credits by Marandola, Marissa (2006) - is a senior at Boston College with an Art History Major and minors in Fine Art and Hispanic Studies. He wants to thank them for giving h i m a great opportunity and thank his parents for support. is a sophomore at Boston College. Keywords: college
• Masthead and Editor's Note by Wiles, Gregory (2006) - Impressionist exhibits continue to be the most popular at art museums. But many would even question whether or not wrapping the Reichstag in cloth constitutes art. Keywords: art; college; editor
• Author Biographies by Marandola, Marissa (2007) - He is the executive editor and layout editor for The Observer, a biweekly student newspaper on the Boston College campus. B R A D M A C D O N A L D graduated from Boston College in 2006 with a B.S. in Biology and a minor in Environmental Studies. Keywords: college
• Author Biographies by Marandola, Marissa (2007) - graduated from Boston College in May 2007 with a B.A. in Political Science and concentrations in International Studies and French. graduated from Boston College in 2007 with a B.A. i n English and a minor in History. Keywords: b.a; college
• Author Biographies by Marandola, Marissa (2010) - She wrote Hormone-mimicking Chemicals: What They Are, What They Do, and Where to Find Them with Dr. Laura Hake of the Biology Department for the Ethics and Sustainability Conference held by the Jesuit Institute here at Boston College. This article is dedicated to her late grandmother, Mary Ann Eighan, for her endless love, kindness, and support. p.!, f x c. u ; T A R • is a member of the Class of 2011 in the College of Arts & Sciences at Boston College. Keywords: college; sciences
• Masthead and Editor's Note by Marandola, Marissa (2015) - This issue of Elements explores the implications of disruptive innovation in a variety of contexts, in an attempt to reconcile the vestiges of the past with the realities of the present. Even as disruptive innovation transforms some fields beyond recognition, lingering remnants of obsolete structures inhibit essential changes in oth- ers. Keywords: college; elements; innovation
• Author Biographies by Marandola, Marissa (2015) - evan goldstein graduated from Boston College cum laude with a B.A. in Theology and a minor in Philosophy. She studied Biology at Boston College, and was part of the Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences Honors Program as well as the Biology Department Honors Program. Keywords: college; program; research; school
• Latino Masculinity: Underlying Factors in College Persistence Levels by Vazquez, Maria (2015) - The concept of family can be a dou- ble-edged sword, providing extensive support and positive involvement for Latino male college students, but also de- manding a level of commitment that often interferes with college persistence.8 The complex topic of Latino male college persistence in- volves the interrelation of a variety of systems and factors. “Investing in higher education for Latinos: Trends in Latino college access and success.” Keywords: college; education; family; gender; help; latino; male; masculinity; men; participants; persistence; seeking
• Elements Fall 2015 Issue by Calhoun, Doyle; Goldstein, Evan; Larrabee, Catherine; McCaffrey, Olivia; Schneider, Allison; Shapiro, Benjamin; Tank, Allyson; Vazquez, Maria; Walker, Alec (2015) - The concept of family can be a dou- ble-edged sword, providing extensive support and positive involvement for Latino male college students, but also de- manding a level of commitment that often interferes with college persistence.8 The complex topic of Latino male college persistence in- volves the interrelation of a variety of systems and factors. “Over the next few years, if Uber and other such services do re- duce the need for private vehicle ownership, they could help lower the cost of living in urban areas, reduce the en- vironmental toll exacted by privately owned automobiles … in a january 2015 protest, portland taxi drivers demanded that city leaders make ridesharing companies play by the same rules as cabs and town cars. Keywords: a3f; aids; analysis; business; caribbean; city; college; death; doi; dying; education; elements; factors; fall; family; figure; future; gender; german; help; history; hiv; human; ibid; independent; india; jefferys; journal; kendrick; lamar; language; latino; life; massachusetts; metz; movement; n.p; new; participants; party; pptct; proteins; punctuation; research; restriction; rhesus; ridesharing; role; service; social; society; species; state; students; studies; study; success; support; system; taxi; theology; thirst; time; transmission; transportation; uber; university; vif; virus; voters; web; women; work; world; york
• Masthead and Editor's Note by Marandola, Marissa; Wang, Betty (2016) - Daniel Park and Clara Lee examines a similar struggle between definition and identity in “Divisions Dissected” by focusing on the notion of the “Asian Bubble” and its impact on the experience and self-perceptions of Asian American students at Bos- ton College. staff Editors-in-chiEf Marissa Marandola BEtty (yunqing) Wang Managing Editor anniE KiM dEputy Editor alEssandra luEdEKing trEasurEr ashEr (sEungWan) Kang layout Xizi (KElsEy) zhang, Senior Editor ElisE hon, Assistant Editor shuang li, Editor thao vu, Editor huManitiEs JacoB ciafonE, Senior Editor isaBElla doW, Senior Editor siErra dEnnEhy, Editor ciaran dillon-davidson, Editor social sciEncEs sydnEy applE, Senior Editor MichEllE Kang, Senior Editor Erica Keywords: boston; college; editor; elements; journal; research
• Author Biographies and Artwork Credits by Marandola, Marissa; Wang, Betty (2016) - [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons The TyBUrn GalloWs © Wikimedia Commons 18Th cenTUry Trial © Wikimedia Commons redWood Tree © By User:Jyekrang (Own work) [Public domain], Tiresias appearinG To Ulysses © Henry Fuseli [Public domain or Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons 19 man on Trial © Wikimedia Commons creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons dia Commons Wikimedia Commons org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)], via Wikimedia Commons via Wikimedia Commons main], via Wikimedia Commons 54 52 OEDIPUS AT COLONUS © Jean-Antoine-Théodore Giroust Keywords: arts; boston; college; commons; domain; wikimedia
• Author Biographies by Wang, Betty (2016) - violet CasWell Violet is a senior at Boston College majoring in History and minoring in Theology and international studies. Max worked as an undergraduate research assistant at the Boisi Center for Religion and American Public Life while at Boston College. Keywords: art; boston; college; studies
• Masthead and Editor's Note by Wang, Betty (2016) - Wang Managing Editor anniE KiM dEputy Editor alEssandra luEdEKing trEasurEr ashEr (sEungWan) Kang layout Xizi (KElsEy) zhang, Senior Editor ElisE hon, Assistant Editor sEWon (Jason) oh, Editor huManitiEs JacoB ciafonE, Senior Editor isaBElla doW, Senior Editor laura casado, Editor EMily tang, Editor social sciEncEs sydnEy applE, Senior Editor MichEllE Kang, Senior Editor BEnJaMin fErri, Editor asad pasha, Editor natural sciEncEs david fu, Senior Editor JEssica Bolduc, Editor JunghWan KiM, Editor MEdia & puBlicity annE donnElly, Senior Editor MadElinE gEorgE, Assistant Editor WEB Editor MinKi hong, Senior Editor officE ManagEr Billy huBschMan faculty advisors Thanks We would like to thank Boston College, the Institute for the Liberal Arts, and the Office of the Dean for the Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences for the financial support that makes this issue possible. Keywords: college; editor; elements; issue; journal
• Masthead and Editor's Note by Wang, Betty (2017) - staff Editor-in-chiEf AnniE Kim mAnAging Editors sydnEy ApplE BEtty (yunqing) WAng dEputy Editors AlEssAndrA luEdEKing AndrEA riccA trEAsurEr JEssicA Bolduc lAyout Xizi (KElsEy) zhAng, Senior Editor ElisE hon, Senior Editor AsAd pAshA, Assistant Editor sEWon (JAson) oh, Editor yAhyA yusuf, Editor humAnitiEs JAcoB ciAfonE, Senior Editor isABEllA doW, Senior Editor JonEssA st. lEWis, Editor sociAl sciEncEs Billy huBschmAn, Senior Editor michEllE KAng, Senior Editor JAcquElinE chiu, Editor nAturAl sciEncEs dAvid fu, Senior Editor JunghWAn Kim, Editor JosEphinE pAndJi, Editor mEdiA & puBlicity rAchEl loos, Senior Editor JuliA BuBEn, Assistant Editor WEB Editors minKi hong, Senior Editor KEvin chEn, Assistant Editor fAculty Advisor JAson cAvAllAri Dear Readers, In light of the current political, social, and cultural turmoil in which many countries around the world find themselves, it has become increasingly im- portant for academic research to posit questions that strive for truth and progress. Keywords: article; college; editor; elements; research
• Author Biographies and Artwork Credits by Wang, Betty (2017) - cosT-BeneFiT analysis © Curtis-Murphy et al., via The Evans School Review, https://depts.washington.edu/esreview/wordpress/wp- content/uploads/2014/07/2014-Ban-the-Bottle.pdf. 57 54 9 an artistiC rePresentation of the arabiC Word for she “hiya” ©Mahmoud Tamman, via Behance, https://www.behance.net/MT90.96 university of vermont Per CaPita shiPments of bottled beverages ©Berman et al., via American Journal of Public Health, http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/ AJPH.2015.302593. via Policonomics, http://www.policonomics.com/pigouvian-tax/. PerCentage of various beverages shiPPed to 8 CamPus loCations ©Berman et al., via American Journal of Public Health, http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/ AJPH.2015.302593. Keywords: april; college; commons; economics; studies; wikimedia
• Setting the World Aflame: Divestment, Ethics, and Jesuit Identity at Boston College by Lester McSweeney, Maura (2018) - Church Teaching on Climate Change Now that the apostolic constitution of Catholic universities has been laid out, I will examine the papal encyclical Laudato Si’: On Care for Our Common Home and its implications for a university like Boston College. The norms of canon law applicable to Catholic universities and the ethical investment guidelines that were formerly on the Boston College endowment web page are both salient elements of Father Monan’s legacy at Boston College and of his contribution to the Catholic church as an institution. Keywords: boston; boston college; catholic; college; divestment; fossil; fuel; heights; ibid; universities; university

• Leveling the Ice: The Discrepancy Between Male and Female Athletics at Boston College by Kennedy, Isabelle; McCabe, Molly; Rodgers, Katelyn (2018) - some arTicles, such as women’s sporTs FoundaTion (2010) and carpenTer & acosTa (2005), ciTe lack oF Funds and media visibiliTy as To why women’s sporTs are noT as highly regarded as men’s sporTs. oTher arTicles, such as messner (2000) and nwlc (2012), explain ThaT The disproporTion in coverage oF men’s and women’s sporTs is based on socieTy’s expecTaTions oF women and The assumpTion Feminine“weaknesses” This paper examines The men’s and women’s ice hockey Teams aT bosTon college and deTails The issues surrounding Team schedules, Fan aTTendance, universiTy supporT, and media presence in an aTTempT To deTermine wheTher bc women’s ice hockey receives diFFer- enT levels oF supporT and invesTmenT From bc compared To The bc men’s hockey Team, and wheTher This diFFerenTial invesTmenT leads To a unique specTaTor experience ThaT may explain The lack oF specTaTor aTTendance aT bc women’s hockey games. Keywords: games; hockey; investment; lack; spectator; sports; team; women
• Raptus et Romaunce: Discussing the Incongruities of Chaucer and Feminism by Elements; Morales, Taylor (2022) - As the raptus statutes in England at the time were encompassing to the three di,erent facets of the term—sexual assault, abduction, and theft—when dealing with cases brought to the legal system, it is hard to retroactively pinpoint the exact o,ense that one Geo,rey Chaucer was found guilty of in his case of raptus against Cecilia Chaumpaigne in 1380. Touching on Sidhu’s comparison of William Langland to Geo,rey Chaucer when looking at their ability to use obscene comedy as a vehicle for political challenging, I would like to add that the reason Chaucer was more successful in his critique of the societal status quo— referring to the perceptions of women specifically— because of his physical proximity to London. Keywords: chaucer; feminist; legend; poetry; raptus; romance; tale; time; women
• The Demon of the Belfry: Investigating the Evolution of the Penny Press and the Emmanuel Church Murders by Elements; Stebbins, Sean (2022) - Papers also empha- sized Durrant’s supposed suggestion to Noble (before be- ing arrested) that they search for Lamont’s body together “in a house of ill-fame”—a brothel.13 In the early days of his case, the penny press established Theodore Durrant as a !#$%&' #()$* #* &'%#, ()$*#$# +,*& &'- .*/0'$*., 1893 (! Manager of San Francisco’s Alcazar theater W. R. Daily, reported The “Another visual assessment out of The Louisiana Populist depicted two versions of Durrant posing as Robert Louis Stevenson’s infamous villain Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, complemented by illustrations of a knife embedded in a skull” 50 !! Keywords: april; church; durrant; emmanuel; francisco; herald; lamont; medical; murders; newspapers; penny; press; san; san francisco; williams; women
• From Mammy to Mommy: Michelle Obama and the Reclamation of Black Motherhood by Querusio, David (2015) - The tension be- tween Melissa Harris-Perry’s and Michelle Cottle’s views of Michelle Obama echoes years of distance between white and black feminisms, as white women vie to free them- selves from the very domestic sphere that black women struggle to enter. Harris, through Philyaw, argues that while white women were fighting for the right to pursue a career instead of motherhood, black women wanted the opposite. Keywords: cottle; harris; motherhood; obama; white; women
• Behind the Veil: A Study of Chechen Black Widows' Web by Toto, Caitlin (2015) - Also, Chechen women have more liberties than many of their Arab sisters living in re- gions where terrorism is present. rooTs of violenCe To understand the plight of Chechen female suicide bombers, one must first understand the Chechen War and the proximity of Chechen women to the horrific vio- lence between Chechnya and Russia. Keywords: attacks; bombers; chechen; chechnya; female; iraq; organization; qaeda; suicide; terrorist; women
• Elements Fall 2014 Issue by Boboc, Paul; Centrella, Nick; DiRenno, Frank A.; Krasner, Tate; Pinsak, Samantha; Sangimino, Missa; Scollan, Margaret; Vladimirova, Stacia (2014) - When men either chose to adopt the feminine, passive role in the in- teraction, or submit other men to it, they flagrantly ignored the “proper” masculine behavior, and accordingly they were put under heavy scrutiny and regulations in an at- tempt to return things to the status quo. Leon Bat- tista Alberti, who focused mainly on the Florentine family, believed that a man “should do all that is proper to a man” while avoiding womanly activities, inherently contributing to the separation of distinct gender roles.12 Of course, one of the important tasks of a man that Alberti and other au- thors recognized was to be an authoritative figure to both women and other lower status men. Keywords: act; analysis; artist; b13c; bone; case; cemeteries; cemetery; christian; collagen; community; dante; death; diet; eastern; elements; energy; europe; european; evidence; fall; family; fascism; fasting; fish; florence; food; gas; gazprom; history; human; hunger; ibid; individuals; international; isotope; italy; journal; kafka; killing; legion; leprosy; life; male; man; marine; marriage; masculinity; medieval; mediterranean; men; mes; new; norwich; ovid; policy; population; power; press; pyramus; renaissance; role; russia; samples; self; sodomy; terrorist; thisbe; timberhill; time; ukraine; university; use; values; violence; western; women
• Elements Spring 2012 Issue by Clasen, Trish; Cravens, Jacob; Dorney, Jordan; Evren, Christopher; Fitzpatrick, Christopher; Francois, Alexandra; Hoffarth, Alexander; Kent, Sam; Patch, Neil (2012) - RACIAL TENSION IN OTHELLO: INTIMATIONS OF LITERARY AND SOCIETAL PREJUDICE Neil Patch Investigating the function of race in Othello and late Renaissance Venice, downplaying its oft-cited role in this classic Shakespearean drama. Similarly, Emily Bartels describes how racism is a twentieth century construction, but racist ideol- ogy was already taking hold in pre-imperialist England.3 As “the Moor of Venice,” Othello seemingly takes on the iden- tity of being the sole minority figure in the city, or at least the symbol of racial difference. Keywords: air; aschenbach; belfast; brabantio; budget; catholic; children; community; death; democracy; development; easter; economic; elements; ethical; faith; family; fatherhood; fathers; freud; government; home; house; housing; iago; ireland; irish; kierkegaard; knight; language; lichen; literature; mann; movement; namibia; nationalist; new; northern; northern ireland; othello; pearse; play; policy; politics; pollution; process; race; reagan; rising; roles; shakespeare; sites; society; species; spring; study; time; unionist; use; valera; venice; violence; women; work
• Elements Fall 2011 Issue by Colorado, Rosa Maribel; Howarth, Jenna; Kovaka, Karen; Leverrier, Tiphaine; Martin, Zachary T.; Moradian, Sophia; Orr, Andrew; Varian, Brian (2011) - Just as the geometer would aim to describe the essential features of a triangle, the phenomenologist aims to describe the essential features of a type of conscious experience (e.g., perception).1 Descriptions of individual instances of the triangle might be interesting to the geometer, but the Although Cimino has been widely criticized for historical errors in the film, such as present in the Russian roulette scenes and in his caricature of North-Vietnamese brutality, his film holds a valuable place in the history of Vietnam War film because its primary focus is not the larger implications of the war, but rather the effects that it had on American soldiers. Vietnam War films can be categorized based on the level of conflict expressed in the films’ narratives. Keywords: alzheimer; american; art; care; century; community; conflict; cult; death; dementia; directives; disease; donation; dura; d’evreux; elements; europos; experience; fall; family; film; frank; glass; history; ibid; iraqis; jeanne; jordan; life; light; lloyd; medical; memory; merleau; mithras; nature; new; order; organs; past; patient; policy; ponty; protocol; public; reflection; self; society; study; support; time; treatment; use; vietnam war; virgin; war; war film; way; women; work; world; wright
• Elements Fall 2013 Issue by Pellissier, Marie; Lu, Tracy; Newhouse, James; Marinello, Claire; Sintobin, Emilie; Dorney, Jordan; Givens, Cameron (2013) - A maternity corset from the collections of the Victoria and Albert Museum indicates just how far a woman might go to preserve her shape during pregnancy: aside from lacing on the sides that could be loosened as the fetus grew, and gussets to accommodate a changing breast, this corset is still fully boned and does not sacrifice fashion for the sake of the pregnant woman or the unborn child.30 This refusal on the part of many women to give up fashionable dress even while pregnant generated many criticisms from doc- tors and dress reformers, who believed that the first duty of a woman was to be a wife and a mother, and so by lacing themselves tightly during pregnancy they were acting against nature itself. Editor WEB dESign gracE WESt, Senior Editor patty oWEnS, Senior Editor WEB dESign mikE hEnry, Senior Editor faculty adviSor ElizaBEth chadWick Contents MAKING CORSETS WORK: VICTORIAN WORKING WOMEN AND THE CORSET Marie Pellissier Unraveling the history and role of the corset among working women in the Victorian era FIGURES OF EXISTENTIALISM: A CYCLICAL RELATIONSHIP WITH PSYCHOLOGY Tracy Lu Assessing the reciprocal relationship between philosophy and psychology by examing the works of three of the world’s greatest writers “JES’ NEXT TO JESUS CHRIST”: SLAVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS ABRAHAM LINCOLN James Newhouset Examining the artful means by which ex-slaves criticized their Southern oppressors without endangering them- selves. Keywords: abraham; accountability; african; american; art; artist; body; cambodia; carolina; century; chicago; class; class women; clothing; conflict; corset; culture; daily; davis; de kooning; death; ego; elements; face; fair; fall; figure; freud; history; human; hun; ibid; image; international; ivan; john; kooning; life; lincoln; loc; middle; midway; narratives; new; new york; north; order; painting; people; press; prisoners; right; roosevelt; sense; slavery; slaves; society; soldiers; south; time; tribune; university; use; victorian; violence; volume; war; white; women; work; working; world; world war; wpa; years; york
• Inherited Injustice: Stigma and Gender Discrimination as Barriers to AIDS Prevention in India by Larrabee, Catherine (2015) - As Cecilia Van Hol- len notes, “While the government of India has made prog- ress increasing the availability of prevention of mother-to- child transmission of HIV services, only about one quarter of pregnant women received an HIV test in 2010, and about one-in-five that were found positive for HIV received interventions to prevent vertical transmission of HIV”.10 Despite the successes of PPTCT, the majority of HIV-posi- tive pregnant women in India remain vulnerable to verti- cal transmission. Further- more, a study of pregnant women in western India sug- gests the following: “[A woman’s] HIV risk perception seems more influenced by her socio-demographic status and her couple relationship than by her level of HIV-related knowledge… the significant factors identified in this study point out to the fact that risk perception and hence risk reduction among pregnant women, and probably overall women within stable heterosexual couples, must go far beyond imparting knowledge about HIV and must address the more deep-rooted issues such as partner communication, domestic violence, alcoholism, and lack of education among women. Keywords: aids; hiv; india; pptct; transmission; women
• Our Lady Of Impossibility: Gendered Standards In Islam And Christianity by Chou, Lindsey (2016) - Given the acceptance of menstruation as “defil- ing,” the conflation of Mary’s virginity with her worth, and the reduction of her identity and value to being the obedi- ent owner of a uterus, it becomes clear that the ways in which we affirm Mary matters are framed within the rules of what matters most for men. She is, by her essence, sacred.15 The melding of this standard set by Fátima with that of Mary blurs the boundaries between Christian and Islamic expectations for women. Keywords: islam; islamic; mary; muhammad; print; women
• Limitations of Secularization and Western Feminism In the Arab World: Religion, Culture, and Identity by Howe, Emma (2017) - One such significant effect of the dominant “representa- tions” of Western feminism is its likeness to imperialism in its view of particular third world women. in order to adequately address this issue, it is crucial to exam- ine the context in Which these Western theories Were initially developed, taking into account the developmental and consequential failures of the “secularization the- sis,” as Well as the construction of Western feminism and its limitations in the mus- lim World. Keywords: arab; berger; feminism; islam; islamic; muslim; new; religion; secularism; secularization; western; women; world
• A Pageant Politicized: Women’s Liberation, Miss Black America and Intersectionality in 1968 by Cormier, Haley Sierra (2017) - The women’s liberation protest and Miss Black America thus individually garnered attention for their critiques of the official Miss America Pageant, but did the women in- volved in these contemporaneous protests (and, by exten- sion, other followers of their respective movements) sup- port each other’s goals? The fact that historical scholarship has been influenced by misrepresentative print media accounts of the 1968 women’s liberation and Miss Black America protests— accounts that arose, as I have demonstrated, through omission and framing—underscores the importance of considering journalistic conventions when analyzing press coverage as a primary source. Keywords: america; black; black america; feminist; liberation; miss; miss america; pageant; protest; women
• Gendered Terrorism: The Link Between Sex and Organized Violence by Noonan, Regina Theresa (2018) - ScholarS cite religion, foreign occupation, economic deStitution, and lack of opportunity aS reaSonS for terroriSm, but gender and maSculinity are nearly abSent from the converSation. examining the taliban in pakiStan and afghaniStan and the proviSional iriSh republican army (pira) in northern ireland demonStrateS how maSculinity eStabliSheS the phySical SpaceS that radicalize men and exclude women. Keywords: gender; ibid; madrassas; masculinity; men; pakistan; radicalization; society; taliban; terrorism; women

• “Do not kill them, lest my people forget”: Changes in Attitudes Towards Jews in Twelfth- and Thirteenth-Century England by Reilly, Rebecca Colleen (2018) - since economic reason- ing alone does not explain the treatment of the Jews in the latter half of the thir- teenth century, this essay also examines instances of anti-Jewish violence and suc- cessive plantagenet kings’ policies targeting the Jews, indentifying them as indicators or constructions of religious and national alterity. The later moral preaching discouraging intermarriage and interaction may have been a response to this behavior which, he points out, was either widespread or widely known.10 Attacks on Jews throughout Europe appear in records around the time of the First Crusade, but records from the time do not even seem to evidence a collective English awareness of Jews.11 The “blood libel” legend and accusations of ritual murder that emerge in the mid-twelfth century appear to have been a factor in increasing anti-Jewish attitudes, but it seems more plausible to read the incidences as symptom- atic instead of pathological. Keywords: christian; england; english; ibid; jews; medieval; thomas; william
• Muslim Identity in 21st Century America: Ayad Akhtar's Works as Autobiography by Asif, Saljooq (2015) - The perspective of the autobiographer, his very Self, is forced to be told through that of society and the Other – and Ayad Akhtar has done exactly that. CulTure Clash: ayad akhTar and his life as an ameriCan muslim Born in New York City and raised in Milwaukee, Wiscon- sin, Ayad Akhtar always struggled with his identity and place in American society. Keywords: akhtar; american; amir; autobiography; ayad; characters; ibid; interview; islam; islamic; life; muslim; public; self; time; works; world
• Elements Spring 2014 Issue by Balagtas, Richard; Dobias, Jen; Keeley, Sean; Marandola, Marissa; Martina, Michael; Short, Brandon; Trimes, Alexander (2014) - Nichol’s attack draws comparisons to Bertuzzi incident. Noted ESPN writer Scott Burnside began his article on Bertuzzi’s address as such: “If the rehabilitation of Todd Bertuzzi begins with words, let it not be said that he did not choose his words carefully, powerfully, as he starts down the uncertain road toward redemption.”69 Keywords: actions; american; attack; benoit; bertuzzi; case; change; class; climate; collins; conflict; countries; david; day; death; die; elements; end; espn; euthanasia; games; georgia; hockey; human; hunger; hunger games; ibid; incident; international; katniss; law; life; march; medical; military; moore; new; nhl; order; ossetia; patient; people; power; public; right; russia; society; south; sports; spring; state; suffering; suicide; time; today; use; violence; war; way; world
• Elements Fall 2012 Issue by Boboc, Paul; Geron, Scott; Kent, Sam; Trilleras, Anna-Karina; Martis, Nicholas; Streitwieser, Corey; Luangrath, Narintohn; Uliano, Anthony (2012) - Plato’s mathematics, as expressed in his dialogue, is nei- ther sophistic nor practical.52 Plato, throughout his corpus, advocates for a new approach to mathematics, one whose divine ends and immaterial approach was unanticipated in Greek culture prior to the philosopher’s lifetime. Isocrates writes “[The philosophical arts] require much care, and are the task of manly and idea-filled minds” (17).61 Plato directly satirizes this claim in the Gor- gias when Socrates tells Callicles and Gorgias how he con- ceives of rhetoric (bear in mind that Plato created the word “rhetoric” (rhētorikē) in this dialogue to describe the ora- torical technē and contrast it to philosophy).62 Socrates claims, “It seems to me, Gorgias, to be a non-technical pursuit, but rather, one of the manly and guess-prone mind. Keywords: aggression; apd; art; article; behavior; brain; century; concept; conduct; disorders; dream; dreaming; earthquake; elements; fall; field; geometry; gorgias; greek; history; ibid; individual; isocrates; jesuits; jeune; knowledge; libya; life; mathematics; memory; methodology; natives; nature; new; people; philosophy; plato; press; realism; reality; rem; research; response; rhetoric; rickert; school; science; shamans; sleep; states; studies; study; symptoms; time; united; university; word; work
• Elements Spring 2013 Issue by Anderson, Brendon; Simon, Emily; Abbate, Andrew; Farnum, Matt; Lee, Han-sam; Herhold, Zachary; Keeley, Sean (2013) - Many British soldiers viewed it the same way—as a com- petition between two nations. These historians cite many government and BBC officials who had privately agreed that, “in circum- stances of national emergency ‘full government control’ over the BBC would be necessary.”7 Keywords: administration; alcohol; baclofen; bbc; british; broadcasting; cinema; cocaine; control; corbeau; country; craving; culture; dependence; disorders; dopamine; effects; elements; england; film; fitzgerald; football; france; french; game; gatsby; gender; government; group; high; history; home; ibid; information; ireland; irish; jaebeols; korea; les; life; london; movie; music; new; news; nicholas; nick; occupation; people; percent; period; print; propaganda; public; self; society; soldiers; song; south; south korea; sport; sporting; spring; state; substance; sunday; system; times; treatment; troubles; use; vichy; war; way; web; world; world war; years; york
• Elements Spring 2011 Issue by Richey, Matthew; Tareila, Andrew; Zatkowski, Ellen; Tracz, R. Brian; Key, Benjamin; Agredo, Sebastian N.; Martinez, Dianna Michelle; Murphy, Dennis F. (2011) - In his “Lesson” Mather stresses the qualities of a pious child or the ideal that other children should em- ulate. 21 thE hIstorIEs of pharaoh amasIs “Endowed with permanent youth, Dorian’s life becomes a search for new sensations to mimic that first afternoon with Lord Henry.” Keywords: amasis; barrie; children; crimes; dorian; dorothy; eckhart; editor; egypt; elements; fact; family; genocide; god; good; greek; heidegger; henry; herodotus; human; ibid; influence; international; law; life; like; lord; lord henry; mind; new; notes; novel; nuremberg; object; party; people; perception; plato; salem; sarah; sense; slavery; soil; soil party; soul; spring; states; things; time; trials; war; way; wilde; witch; world; zubiri
• Cartographers in the Caribbean: Economics and Mapping in the Colonial New World by Shapiro, Benjamin (2015) - cartographers in the caribbean Economics and Mapping in the Colonial New World benjamin shapiro introduction As a region of tropical islands and countless waterways, the Caribbean represented far more than just a pictur- esque landscape for exploration to those who lived there during the eighteenth century. The islands themselves even reflected these dif- ferences to an extreme degree; on islands like Jamaica and Cuba, lush tropical forests dominated the landscape and contrasted sharply with the islands of the sandy and flat Bahama archipelago.1,2 Exoticism, to most Europeans, remained a very broad term at this time, but the consensus on its definition seems to include foreign flora, fauna, climate, societies, and language. Keywords: atlas; caribbean; european; ibid; islands; jefferys; maps; plate; region; trade
• Bottle Water Bans: How can we curb the thirst for bottled water? by D'Altrui, Elizabeth Mary (2017) - Bottled water, for example, serves as the emergency source of drinking water when the public water system becomes contaminated.51 Under the Safe Drinking Water Act, the utility must notify resi- dents of such contamination so that they can switch to bottled water or purify their tap water.52 For example, in Flint, Michigan, the city’s water supply was contaminated with “toxic levels of lead and iron,” making unfiltered wa- ter unsafe to drink.53 In an effort to help the community of Flint, organizations were sending shipments of bottled wa- ter. as the demand fOr bOttled water has increased, the damaging effects Of un-recy- cled plastics and the pOllutiOn created in the making Of the plastic bOttles have greatly harmed the planet. Keywords: ban; beverages; bottled; consumption; health; ibid; plastic; policy; tap; university; washington; water
• Justice, Truth, Crime, and Punishment: The Brothers Karamazov Jury Trial by Coscia, Monica Lynne (2017) - On the other, he expresses ambivalence towards Rus- sia’s movement in the direction of Europeanization, popu- lism, and intellectualism.2 Dostoevsky birthed The Brothers Karamazov in 1880 during this turbulence, just fourteen years after Czar Alexander II instituted a distinctly West- ern judicial system in Russia, which included public hear- ings and jury trials. Fyodor Dostoevsky, The Brothers Karamazov (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2002), 696. 23. Keywords: dmitri; dostoevsky; ibid; karamazov; russia; trial; truth

• Uber Takes the Passing Lane: Disruptive Competition and Taxi-Livery Service Regulations by Schneider, Allison (2015) - This social benefit portends additional attributes that appear to be bolstering adoption.40 This, along with other social motivations such as not needing a parking space, are signs that Uber customers see lifestyle benefits beyond simply having an alternative to taxi or livery services, which is a powerful driving force in Uber’s penetration of the marketplace. A survey commis- sioned by the City of San Francisco revealed that there is a shortage of taxi services, which affects the overall use of the public transportation system. Keywords: business; cities; city; driver; livery; n.p; new; nov; oct; ridesharing; service; taxi; time; transportation; uber; web; york

• Pronouns and Personhood: Exploring the Construction of Gender Identities from the Feminist Perspective by Elements; Lenahan, Christine (2022) - Second, I will investigate the usage of gender pronouns on campuses in the United States. I will be drawing upon surveys and interviews conducted among first-year students, noting how gender pronouns are used within college orientation programs. Keywords: binary; construction; gender; masculinity; men; pronouns; sex; society; woman
• Trauma, Fear, and Paranoia: Lost and the Culture of 9/11 by Aldrich, Rachel (2015) - If the experiences of the survivors on Lost are any indication, then it is clear that the anger and debates in American society will only serve to further endanger a country that is already living in a world of loss, terror, and trauma. Through the imagery employed, the topics discussed, and the gen- eral themes of the show, Lost is able to hold a mirror to the face of post-9/11 American society and provide a critique of how, if at all possible, Americans can change the reflection they see staring back at them. Keywords: 9/11; american; events; island; society; survivors; trauma
• Dissent in the Wirtschaftswunder: Historical Memory and the German Student Movement by Walker, Alec (2015) - As a student-produced pamphlet described, the protestors were objecting to a leader who had “been shown to have tortured and murdered hun- dreds of politicians, journalists, students, and workers” — a despot who embodied every authoritarian tendencies.22 However, despite various accounts of police brutality and the murder of student activist Benno Ohnesorg, the pro- testors remained peaceful, establishing themselves as the antithetical, historically aware opposition. The movement’s antiauthoritarianism, its main mode of leaving the stric- tures of the university, was also historical in nature, calling into question not only their current leaders, but also the regimes of Adenauer and the Third Reich and what they saw as their repressive tendencies — seeking to engage more with the public and bring it to awareness.25 Rather than a movement of divisive violence, Rudi Dutschke, the SDS, and the students in general sought a universal “coalition of workers and students in the organi- zational form of [revolutionary] councils.”26 Keywords: dutschke; germany; history; movement; power; revolution; society; students
• Reading Between the Bars: Brain Science Suggests New Considerations for the Legal System by Field, Isabella (2018) - Even in situations where a defendant on trial appears irrefutably guilty, society should still be responsible for routinely examining biological and/or environmental factors that may have contributed to predisposition to criminal behavior. This experimental evidence suggests that people who display characteristics associated with an- tisocial personality disorder have an increased risk for criminal behavior, possibly due to their lack of empathy. Keywords: april; behavior; brain; empathy; individuals; justice; people; society; system

• A Vigorous Affirmation of Life: Slaves in the Face of Dehumanization by Nista, Danielle (2015) - Although masters did try to appropriate slave songs and dances for their own uses, slaves still ended up with the upper hand, especially through their music, as seen in the case of the slaves sold south in Brown’s narrative. One important piece of the development of slave dances was the avoidance of crossing one’s feet be- cause “dancin’ ain’t sinful iffen de foots ain’t crossed. Keywords: community; culture; dance; dancing; day; life; loc; masters; music; slaves; songs; way; wpa
• Performing Redemption: Metzian Theology in the Art of Kendrick Lamar by Goldstein, Evan (2015) - The sin Lamar confronts is not the abstract, onto- logical sin of the dominant Christian tradition of theo- logical anthropology, but rather a social condition of “dy- ing of thirst,” described in the second half of the two-part track. Instead, following Benja- min, Metz re-articulates faith as a “praxis in history and society” that struggles to speak about God from the under- side of modernity.8 In this paper, I read Kendrick Lamar’s “Sing About Me, I’m Dying of Thirst” as a performance of dangerous memory.9 Keywords: death; dying; kendrick; lamar; life; metz; sin; theology; thirst; track; verse
• Convict the Deviant: Masculinity and Rape in Early America by Quigley, Katherine (2016) - itself.40 The rape of a white woman by a black man indicated a sense of manly independence that was highly threatening to white men living in a race-based hierarchy.41 When reviewing Arthur’s narrative, one must understand his actions within the context of the slave system that Ar- thur actively rebelled against. Americans saw British soldiers as rapists and, like black men, they were overrepresented in print accounts of rape.66 The rape of innocent American “In his warning, Arthur connected his fate to racial power dynamics, as he blamed his own rebellion for his execution.” 20 ElEmEnts : : spring 2016 women and girls by the lecherous agents of a corrupt po- litical system was a powerful tool that Americans used to justify their disregard for British authority.67 While this may not have been the prime motivation for Young’s con- viction and execution, this unforgiving image of British soldiers nevertheless impacted how members of the jury and public thought of Robert Young. Keywords: america; arthur; century; early; life; man; men; narratives; rape; rapists; sex; sheehen; young

• Environmental Racism: Lead Tainted Water in Flint, Michigan by Loos, Rachel (2018) - The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) later analyzed over 7,000 children, and found that children who drank Flint water had a 50 percent higher risk of dangerously elevated blood lead levels than before the switch. Residents are understandably reluctant to drink the water from their taps again, and Governor Snyder has pledged to drink Flint water for 30 days to prove it is safe (Kennedy). Keywords: children; environmental; flint; lead; levels; people; racism; water; web
• Visual Metaphors for the People: Unpacking Sergei Eisenstein’s Pedagogy of the Russian Revolution Through Film by Brown, Ashley Prescott (2018) - Sergei Eisenstein, The General Line (Soviet Union: Sovkino, 1929). 20. quoted in Goodwin, Eisenstein, Cinema, and History, 50. 21. One critic hailed October as the “symphony after the étude of Potemkin;”35 Eisenstein again infused his film’s revolu- tionary quality with the motifs of its setting. Keywords: bolshevik; cinema; eisenstein; fig; film; masses; metaphors; people; revolution; sergei eisenstein; shots; soviet; workers
• The Digital Pandemic: Averting Negative Externalities of Disinformation Through Platforms by Elements; Cattich, Ryan (2022) - *#61$ #$)'9!6 %$0(!' 230 !% '( * #$*%'*3+$ %'+1(!', #*(/$# * ,2 5-,+# %20 74%2!,!. ) Keywords: act; companies; content; facebook; google; law; liability; misinformation; news; people; platform; policy; section; spread; twitter; users; youtube

• Ireland Reimagined: Grasping Historial Perceptions for the Decade of Centenaries by Elements; Sepe, Czar (2022) - Clearly, the notion of inclusion, as well as transnationalism and intersectionality in public commemoration, arose as a re- sult of a fear of conflict and Ireland’s past experiences with historical commemoration. Although the DOC was a complicated a3air in the Irish and Northern Irish political spheres, the decade accomplished great strides in an intersectional and interdisciplinary study of Irish history, whether from state- sponsored events or grassroots activism. Keywords: century; commemoration; history; ireland; irish; northern; public; rising; war
• Oppression and Suppression: The Lingering Controversy Surrounding the Meaning of the Battle of Okinawa in Japanese Memory by Shen, Weija Vicky (2018) - Kyle Ikeda, Okinawa War memory: transgenerational trauma and the war fiction of Medoruma Shun, Routledge, (Abingdon and New York, 2014), 1-3. 39. By looking specifically at the making of an “Okinawa Spirit” in the Corner Stone of Peace, this chapter hopes to present the conflicting nature of Okinawa war memory—hence, Okinawa identity—through an analysis of Okinawa writer Medoruma Shun’s Droplet in the context of the 90s “memory boom” and its repercussions in the post-memory revisionist era. Keywords: asia; battle; history; identity; issue; japan; japanese; journal; medoruma; memories; memory; new; okinawa; ota; pacific; peace; war

• The Continuing Containment: Evaluating the Trump Administration's China Containment Strategy on Eastern Regions and Beyond by Elements; Fu, Daniel (2022) - They have been shown to be highly precise, with a circular error probability (CEP) of less than fifty me- ters.58 In August 2020, China successfully tested the DF- 21D and DF-26B “carrier-killer” and Guam-killer” mis- siles in the South China Sea.59 Wang Xiangsui, a former PLA colonel, has stated that the missiles could hit a mov- ing target.60 Andrew Erickson estimates that China may have more than two hundred DF-26 missiles in its arse- nal.61 China’s strides in missile R&D has also led to the creation of the DF-5B liquid-fueled intercontinental ballis- “Having eliminated threats along its continental periphery, China has investigated significantly in bolstering its naval capabilities to counter U.S. maritime hegemony in the Indo-Pacific.” 77 ! In October 2020 for example, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo urged Indonesia to find “new ways” of cooperation in the South China Sea.124 Lastly, the Pacific Deterrence Initiative, recently authorized by the 2021 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), will see the U.S. allocate an additional 6 billion USD in military funding to bolster deterrence in the Indo-Pacific.125 EFFECTIVENESS AND CHINESE RESPONSES The Trump administration’s containment policy has not led to productive trade relations with China, stability in the Indo-Pacific, or more robust alliances. Keywords: administration; american; asia; capabilities; china; china sea; chinese; december; defense; june; military; national; naval; navy; new; november; october; pacific; pla; policy; power; reuters; robert; ross; security; south china; states; taiwan; trade; trump; u.s; united; war
• Titan of Terror: A Personification of the Destroyer of Worlds by Luedeking, Alessandra (2016) - Godzilla’s de- structive acts are never gratuitous; the audience is never invited to admire and derive enjoyment from Godzilla’s “‘If we keep on conducting nuclear tests, it’s possible that another Godzilla might appear somewhere in the world, again.’” Crew MeMber of Daigo fukuryu Maru reCeiving treatMent (courtesy of wikimedia commons) 86 ElEmEnts : : spring 2016 tremendous feats of destructive might. The reduction to “stupid, bestial, even pestilential subhuman caricatures on the enemy” made it easier to tolerate the prospect of mass killing other human beings.6 Indeed, in his private diary, President Harry Truman, in reference to the planned use of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki commented: Even if the Japs are savages, ruthless, merciless and fanatic, we as the leader of the world for the common welfare cannot drop this terrible bomb on the old capital or the new” [in reference to Kyoto and Tokyo]…I know that Japan is a terribly cruel and un- civilized nation in warfare…because they are beasts…7 The superiority complex espoused by the United States ex- tended to its occupation of Japan from 1945-1952. Keywords: film; godzilla; japanese; nuclear; war; world

• Masthead and Editor's Note by Kelly, Tim (2008) - Elements, Undergraduate Research journal, Volume 4, Issue 2, Fall 2008 Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Service Building 103, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 Printing: The materials presented represent the personal opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Elements or the Boston College community. Keywords: editor
• Masthead and Editor's Note by Kraus, Rebecca (2011) - U I N N , Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences BARBARA VI ECH N ICKI , Associate Dean for Finance and Administration I A L S C I E N C E S KERRY B R E N N A N , Senior Editor MAR ISA COCHRANE, Editor SUSIE C O N N O Keywords: editor

• Wrestling with Giants: Probing the Pertinence of Antitrust Law for Big Law by Elements; Riordan, Luc (2022) - # %(5 *'! ,2 5-,+# %20 74%2!,!. ) Keywords: antitrust; companies; data; facebook; market; microsoft; states; technology; united
• An Economic Analysis of Incarcerating the Elderly by Sullivan, Caitlin M. (2017) - The following table demonstrates the significantly lower instances of disruptive behavior among elderly inmates as opposed to various other categories of inmates.20 Although this elderly population has the lowest likelihood of exhibiting destructive behavior (to themselves or to others), this group is at a high risk for victimization within prison systems, second only to inmates with mental illnesses. Even with the advent of some of these early release programs, there are thousands of elderly inmates with no hopes of seeing freedom in the limited time on earth that they have left. Keywords: age; costs; crime; incarceration; inmates; justice; prison; prisoners; release; sentences; states
• India to U.S. Migration Case Study by Wills, Breck; Gan, Samina; Mindlin, Jordan; Sheerin, Patrick (2017) - So although there is room for some counteracting factors, there is an overall initial loss felt by India due to the emigration of high skilled workers to the United States.46 Possibly, the only way to reconcile this in their economy is if these In- dian immigrants were to return. Today Indian migrants are the number one recipients of temporary high skilled H-1B visas. Keywords: brain; h-1b; immigrants; immigration; indian; percent; program; states; trump; u.s; united; workers

• Myth Or Truth: The Apollonian And Dionysian In The Death Of Ivan Ilyich by Leddy, Madeline T. (2016) - Its mortalIty. Myth or truth The Apollonian and Dionysian in The Death of Ivan Ilyich madelIne leddy In The Birth of Tragedy, author Friedrich Nietzsche analyz- es the beginnings of Greek tragedy in order to reflect on the nature of human society, particularly that of Western thinking. In his novella The Death of Ivan Ilyich, Leo Tolstoy exemplifies the consequences of glorifying the Apollonian at the expense of the Dionysian by portraying the slow and demoralizing death of his titular character Ivan Ilyich. Keywords: apollonian; death; dionysian; ivan

• The Place and the Maker: Frederick Law Olmsted and His Boston Parks by Izzo, Jarret (2007) - Great success followed their ac- claimed project in Manhattan and, following the Civil War, the Olmsted & Vaux firm developed park space in Brooklyn, Buffalo, Chicago, and other, primarily northern, cities. Distinguishing Olmsted's park design is primarily an ad- herence to a comprehensive site plan and a unified vision of park space. Keywords: boston; city; design; e n; h e; l l; new; olmsted; park; s t; space; t h

• Classroom for Debate: When Students with Autism Succeed in Inclusive Classrooms by Abate, Danielle Jean (2018) - Even when special education students have less severe limitations, the spending allocated to them is still greater than that for general education students, mere- ly because the student is documented as having a disability (Legislative Analyst’s Office, 2013). Only 15% to 40% of special education students are capable of completing their English Language Arts examination with a score of proficient or higher; in comparison, 40% to 70% of general education students are able to accomplish this feat (Legislative Analyst’s Office, 2013) (See Appen- dix). Keywords: autism; classroom; education; environment; peers; students; teachers
• Stratified English-Language Fluency in Jordan: Perpetuating class division and limiting socioeconomic opportunity by Burgess, Hailey (2018) - Thus, severe disparities in English language education not only creates pockets of opportunity and wealth in the capital, but also excludes citizenry from already poverty-stricken and resource deficient outer governorates. English language education in Jordan: Some recent trends and challenges. Keywords: amman; arabic; class; education; english; jordan; language; public; schools; students
• Someone Like Me: Exploring How Mentors Influence Sense of Belonging for Undergraduate Students of Color by Elements; Whalen, Maiya (2022) - Person first, student second: Sta) and administrators of color supporting students of color au- thentically in higher education. Future Research Future research in race and sense of belonging among college students would benefit from exploring the impact of student mentors versus administrative mentors or the di)ering social rules that students of color have to follow. Keywords: belonging; color; sense; students
• Divisions Dissected: A Deconstruction of Boston College's "Asian Bubble" by Park, Daniel; Lee, Yoon-Shin (Clara) (2016) - It is a phe- nomenon where Asian students on campus unite and form a unique community, a sub-culture that can seem rather exclusive to students on the outside. This may be due to one of two reasons: 1) Groupthink affects upperclassmen who are a part of the Asian community to respond AsiAn students in clAss (source: publicdomainpic- tures) 67 dIVISIONS dISSECTEd positively, or 2) Directly experiencing the Asian community contradicts the negative perceptions surrounding the community, leading upperclassmen to have more positive perceptions. Keywords: american; asian; bubble; campus; community; identity; students; survey

• A Grammar of Punctuation in Poetry: Modern Computational Linguistic Perspectives by Calhoun, Doyle (2015) - Punctuation is not a necessary (or very common) feature of human language: not all speech communities have written language, and not all written languages have punctuation. Such particularities of literary punctuation include its: rhetorical force, aesthetic or visual dimension, meta-physical qualities, allusive potential, and effect on meter. Keywords: language; linguistics; poetry; punctuation; studies; use

• Dreams and Sexuality: A Psychoanalytical Reading of Klimt's Beethoven Frieze by Flythe, Benjamin R. (2016) - The German artist Max Klinger had very recently completed a monumental, polychrome sculpture of the composer and, “intent on being the first venue for the statue’s display, the Secession approached Klinger and proposed to venerate his masterpiece with a new, avant-garde style of exhibition…”8 Their proposal made use of the unique opportunity afforded them by the Secession building; called “Tempelkunst,” they offered to feature Klinger’s Beethoven in a space specially constructed so as to highlight the piece, paying homage both to the art- ist and Klinger himself—all the while highlighting, of course, the art of the Secessionists.9 It is my suggestion that Klimt’s contribution to the fourteenth exhibition, the infamous Beethoven Frieze more so than nearly any of Klimt’s prior or later works, is one that provides an abso- lutely critical key to understanding the psycho-sexual crisis that contributed to the artist’s radical shift in style. [Be embrac’d, ye millions yonder!/ Take this kiss throughout the world!/ Brothers—o’er the stars unfurl’d/ Must reside a loving Father.]”10 Ernst Stöhr, a painter and lesser-known Secession artist, evidently helped Klimt devise the program of the Beethoven Frieze—and he almost certainly wrote the foreword to the exhibition’s pro- gram.11 Having little to do with Beethoven himself “as an historic figure or spiritual leader,”12 Stöhr’s description of the Beethoven Frieze’s content from the exhibition program presents a fin-de-siècle interpretation of the composition of the Ninth Symphony and reads as follows: The three painted walls constitute a coherent sequence. Keywords: art; beethoven; female; frieze; gustav; klimt; music; new; secession; vienna; work

• The Force on the Front: Analyzing the Police Sympathy for the Christian Front Movement in Brooklyn from 1938-1940 by Elements; Pender, Siobhan (2022) - In New York, a significant number of policemen were Christian Front members or sympathizers, which resulted in a general disinterest in protecting the safety of Jews who were being attacked in the streets by these anti-Semitic, Christian Front gangs. As noted by Gene Fein in his dissertation, “[t]he arrest of the [Christian] Fronters [in NYC] gave Mayor LaGuardia enough political currency to address the charges of police laxity in anti-Semitic matters that plagued his o3ce since 1938…The mayor ordered investigations commissioner William Herlands to investigate police membership in the “In New York, a significant number of policemen were Christian Front members or sympathizers, which resulted in a general disinterest in protecting the safety of Jews who were being attacked in the streets by these anti-Semitic, Christian Front ganges.” 99 ! Keywords: anti; brooklyn; christian; irish; members; new; police
• Two Separate Persons: Ethnicity and Identity in Trollope's Phineas Finn by Heine, Jennifer (2016) - According to Patrick Lonergan’s “The Representation Of Phineas Finn: Anthony Trollope’s Palliser Series And Victorian Ireland,” “Phineas’s nationality has been ignored because of Trollope’s statement that he believed it was a ‘blunder’ to make his hero an Irishman… it is disappointing that Phineas’s nationality has been ignored or dismissed by literary critics. Jane Elizabeth Dougherty contrasts this in “An Angel In The House: The Act Of Union And Anthony Trollope’s Irish Hero,” claiming that the opposite effect can be discerned: Because Trollope himself called attention to the “blunder”… many of these critics have examined the importance of Phineas’s ethnicity to the story… Clearly, critics have not yet reached a consensus on the tricky subject of the ethnicity of Phineas Finn, and its effects on the characterizations, composition, trajectory, and reception of Trollope’s… novel.3 One can conclude, though, that Phineas’s Irish heritage was originally intended to improve upon the novel’s hero. Keywords: anthony; character; finn; ireland; irish; phineas; trollope

• Tunisian Exceptionalism Or Constitutional Timing: A Comparison Of Democratic Transitions In The Middle East by Blaisdell, Max (2016) - the ArAb Spring proteStS were greeted with euphoriA, but the reSulting inStAbility, SectAriAniSm, And extreme violence in SeverAl middle eAStern StAteS hAve led Some to believe thAt the toppled dictAtorS mAy hAve been the leSSer of two evilS. while tuni- SiA’S SucceSSful democrAtic trAnSition lookS like An AnomAly in itS current regionAl environment, egypt AlSo Achieved A SignificAnt hiStoric mileStone when it elected preSident morSi in free electionS. however, hiS Short tenure And egypt’S broAder fAil- ure to democrAtize promptS queStionS AS to how democrAtic trAnSitionS cAn Succeed After dictAtorShipS. by compAring the tuniSiAn And egyptiAn democrAtic trAnSition proceSSeS, the Article SeekS to elucidAte the cAuSeS of the difference in outcomeS of the proteStS in theSe two StAteS. new politicAl ActorS Secondly, I examine existing theo- ries of democratic transition, ranging from modernization to institutional theory. Keywords: arab; democracy; democratic; east; egypt; egyptian; elections; islamists; middle; military; new; press; theory; transition; tunisia; university

• Who Would Hire a Blind Poet?: Blindness in the Eyes of Stephen Kuusisto by Kabacinski, Christopher (2016) - It’s been five years Since I was paired with this dog Who, in fact, is more than a dog – She watches for me.101 What follows is a description of “[their] twin minds [going] walking” in New York City.102 Kuusisto and Corky navigate the city’s well-travelled paths and its landmarks in an un- expected and mythical manner. Kuusisto was born in March 1955 with “retinopathy of prematurity,” and has been considered “legally blind” since childhood.30 Moving from the myth-worlds of Oedipus and Tiresias, from the powerless place of the disabled man, Kuusisto positions himself “in the normal … in the everyday. Keywords: blindness; body; bread; disability; everyday; kuusisto; language; light; man; masculinity; poems; visual

• The Dirt and The Bees: The Epidemiology of Neonicotinoids by Johnson, Katelyn (2016) - The concentrations of CLO in Stroubles creek do not correlate to any particular contami- nator in the way that TMX concentrations reflect the loca- tion of the cornfield. The soil was air dried, sieved through a 2 mm sieve, and then ground for the incubation study for TMX transformation. Keywords: clo; concentration; creek; neonicotinoids; samples; sediment; soil; tmx; water
• Table of Contents by Wang, Betty (2017) - Contents TRIAL AND ERROR: THE MALLEABILITY OF TRUTH IN THE CONVICTION OF DMITRI KARAMAZOV Monica Coscia Contrasting truth and justice in Dostoyevsky's The Brothers Karamzov 11 19 27 31 THE POINT OF PAYMENT: A COMPARISON OF COMMERCIAL BEHAVIORS ACROSS REGIONS Kyle Baranko Investigating how informal systems of exchange perpetuate inequality in Buenos Aires, Hanoi, and Cape Town AVERTING THE GAZE: AN ANTI-SELF-PORTRAIT OF THE DISABLED FEMALE BODY Carly Barnhardt Reimagining traditional representations of disability in Laura Swanson's Peggy Lee BRAIN CIRCULATION: A CASE STUDY OF HIGH-SKILLED IMMIGRATION FROM INDIA Samina Gan, Jordan Mindlin, Patrick Sheerin, Breck Wills Exploring the mutually beneficial nature of the H-1B visa program for both the United States and India 71 65 53 43 A PAGEANT POLITICIZED: THE RISE OF INTERSECTIONAL ACTIVISM IN 1968 Haley Cormier Analyzing how print media contributed to the divide between the Women’s Liberation and Black Nationalism movements of the 1960s CURB THE THIRST: EFFICACY OF BOTTLED WATER BANS IN REDUCING PLASTIC WASTE Elizabeth D'Altrui Analyzing the economic costs and benefits of bottled water consumption as well as policy options to disincentiv- ize plastic use WRITING IN A SURVEILLANCE STATE: OTHERNESS IN CHRISTA WOLF’S WHAT REMAINS Sabrina Black Discussing a totalitarian state's ability to alienate the artist in the context of East Germany THE ROAD TO A CURE: CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEW HIV ANTIBODY Zackary Park et al. Elucidating the properties of LL25X to further development of an effective HIV-AIDS Vaccine 91 CONFRONTING CULTURAL IMPERIALISM: LIMITATIONS OF SECULARIZATION AND WESTERN FEMINISM IN THE MUSLIM WORLD Emma Howe Challenging the applicability and universality of the Secularization Thesis AUTHOR BIOGRAPHIES LIST OF ARTWORK 105 110 NO COUNTRY FOR OLD MEN: AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INCARNATED ELDERLY Caitlin Sullivan Exposing America’s inefficient incarnated elderly 81 Keywords: contents trial; water
• New England Watersheds: A Data Driven Portrait of Water Pollution in the North Eastern United States by Morales, Luis A (2018) - A line plot of average monthly silica levels in Hubbard Brook stream water from WS6. Its original purpose was studying the effects of acid rain on stream waters and their surrounding terrestrial environ- ments. Keywords: chloride; levels; line; r^2; sodium; value; water

• Wonder Woman and Modern Feminism by Fox, Sophia (2018) - This cyclic relationship between feminism and Wonder Woman dem- onstrates both the popularity of feminism, as well as Won- der Woman’s permanent place within the movement. For generations, Wonder Woman has been a staple oF both the comic book industry and popular Feminist discourse. Keywords: character; feminism; film; movement; movie; popularity; woman; wonder; wonder woman

• Thank You for the Music: Musical Activities as Therapy for Autistic Children by Gawlick, Natasza (2016) - EffECTs of musiC ThEraPy on ChildrEn WiTh auTism As previously mentioned, music therapy can have profound effects on building interpersonal relationships and increasing emotional expression, particularly in autistic children. The researchers evaluated five target behaviors: joy, emotional synchronicity, initiation of engagement, compliant re- sponse, and no response.7 Kim, Wingram, and Gold found that the frequency of joy events steadily increased over the course of 12 sessions in music therapy conditions, whereas joy events remained stable at zero in toy play sessions.8 Similarly, children initi- ated engagement with the therapist more in music therapy than in toy therapy. Keywords: autism; children; movement; music; study; therapy

• Venezuela in Crisis: A Backgrounder by Mejia, Jorge Steven (2018) - This collapse of Puntofijismo ran parallel with the emergence of an alternative political project of special relevance to contemporary Venezuela: Hugo Chávez’s Bolivarianismo. This duality, while seemingly contradictory, helps to situate contemporary Venezuela within its prior development (e.g., pacted democracy and a rentier economy), but also account for contingencies (e.g., Chávez’s 1999 constitu- tional reform and regime hybridity). Keywords: chávez; crisis; december; democracy; hugo; maduro; oil; petro; politics; puntofijismo; regime; social; state; venezuela
• Writing in a Surveillance State: Otherness in Christa Wolf’s What Remains by Black, Sabrina B. (2017) - In this way, the use of otherness in relation to the state reveals the dynamic of apprehension and unease that plagued GDR authors as a result of surveillance, impairing their exercise of moral authority. ”26 Life in a surveillance state has caused the narrator “The use of otherness in relation to the state reveals the dynamic of apprehension and unease that plagued GDR authors as a result of surveillance, impairing their exercise of moral authority. Keywords: gdr; narrator; stasi; state; surveillance; wolf; writers

• Food for Thought: Researching Nutrition's Mitigating Effects on the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease by Elements; Cohen, Caroline (2022) - ,2 5-,+# %20 74%2!,!. ) # %,,$ © L.tak (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asian_Infrastructure_Investment_Bank_map.svg), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode +,2%’) '23',23 !#--,!'-,%& 0,)54! Keywords: brain; diet; fat; mind; stress

• Neuromorphic Computing: Explaining how Projected SNN Training will Largely Impact our Interactions with Technology by Elements; Riherd, Will (2022) - They will continue to outperform neuromorphic computing systems for conventional processing tasks. ,2 5-,+# %20 74%2!,!. ) Keywords: chip; computing; future; intel; learning; loihi; neuromorphic; research; system; technology

• Unmasking Medical Frauds: Exposing the Details and Implications of Illicit Trade in the Medical Sector by Elements; Narayan, Nina (2022) - Countries that encounter large amounts of counterfeit healthcare products risk discouraging foreign investment, thus limiting their potential for economic growth and opportunities for further innovation and development in the healthcare sector (OECD/EUIPO, 2020). Several facilitation policy strategies could prove helpful in decreasing the number of counterfeit healthcare products being exported. Keywords: counterfeit; euipo; healthcare; impact; market; oecd; products; trade

• Alternative Truths: The Construction Of Narratives In The Rodney King Trial by Kim, Soyeon (2016) - Yet, the video of King’s beating in 1992 was the first time that the problem of po- lice brutality appeared on the national radar, though many black people contend that this problem of police brutality existed long before 1992 and that the Rodney King case was only the first time it was caught on tape.7 Thus, the local and national outrage at the verdict was unsurprising: the video “clearly” showed that the beating was a case of police brutality, that excessive force was used against Rod- ney King, and that King consequently suffered a multitude of injuries—and yet, all four policemen in the Rodney King case were not convicted. Thus, rather than a whole that represented one thing—i.e., the police brutally beating Rodney King— the video became a series of distinct images and events, from the police’s perceived signs of aggression from King, to the police making the reasoned decision to contain this threat, to the strikes with the batons themselves.28 These still images made King appear more active than in the video, and therefore gave the jurors an illusion of move- ment and power to King, which they were quick to believe due to their ideology. Keywords: beating; defense; discourse; images; jurors; king; law; narrative; officers; police; prosecution; rodney king; trial; video

• Extralegal Violence: The Ku Klux Klan In The Reconstruction Era by Sullivan, Sarah K. (2016) - When studying statistics involving Ku Klux Klan violence, it is necessary to note that many outrages went unreported. 41 ExtralEgal ViolEncE Whites supported Ku Klux Klan efforts in controlling black labor. Keywords: black; committee; justice; klan; klux; klux klan; ku klux; lynching; man; murder; reconstruction; violence; white

• Relationship Between Salivary Cortisol, Self-Assessed Stress Levels, and Body Mass Index in High Achieving High School Adolescents by Samir, Sara (2018) - While the relationship was not significant, it appears that both cortisol and BMI were negatively correlated, therefore participants who had higher cortisol levels generally had a lower BMI. It is often ob- served that over time, chronic stress contributes to higher “While the relationship was not significant, it appears that both cortisol and BMI were negatively correlated, therefore participants who had higher cortisol levels generally had a lower BMI.” table 5. Keywords: adolescents; bmi; cortisol; et al; high; levels; participants; stress; study; weight
• Food for Thought: How Food and Economics Intersect in Rural Ecuador by Stone, Lindsay (2018) - The availability of both new foodstuffs and new socioeco- nomic hierarchies, which were established after the arrival of the Spanish conquerors, also led to a decreased con- sumption of many traditional foods. Ultimately, as a result of socioeconomic influences and Ecuador’s history of colonization, repression, and class- stratification, food in Ecuadorian society can be seen to function in a semiotic manner, endowed with meaning according to cultural signification and its dissimilarity from other foods. Keywords: camacho; country; diet; ecuador; food; levels; malnutrition; population; rural; sierra; weismantel

• Let the Sun do the Work: Analyzing the Economic and Environmental Performance of Residential PV-battery systems in Massachusetts by Elements; Rostad, Thomas (2022) - The “Lifetime NPV” model makes it very clear that government subsidies still play a crucial role in supporting the economic viability of PV battery systems in Massachusetts. The “Year One Energy Flows” model quantifies a household’s hourly energy flows over a year under three scenarios that use the same annual hourly electricity consumption profile: Baseline scenario represents a household with neither solar panels, nor battery system, Standalone PV scenario represents a household with solar panels, but no battery system, and PV-battery scenario represents a household with both solar panels and an integrated battery system. Keywords: battery; capacity; costs; electricity; emissions; energy; grid; lifetime; net; npv; solar; standalone; systems
• New Research in Solar Cells: Urbach Tails and Open Circuit Voltage by Solomon, Michelle; Johnson, Alison (2015) - This, in addition to the tunability of absorption into the near infrared region should allow for an unprecedented increase in efficiency of photovoltaics, up to 66%.1 How- ever, experiment has not nearly reflected this theoretical increase, as quantum dot solar cells have only reached a maximum efficiency of 8.55%.2 Lead-halide perovskites, in contrast, have seen rapid prog- ress, up to the current confirmed record of 17.9%.3 Perovskites have a highly ordered crystal lattice that allows for good optical and electrical properties, but they are not unique in this characteristic. One way to mini- mize the cost is to decrease the amount of material by us- ing thin film solar cells. Keywords: absorption; cells; dots; energy; quantum; solar; urbach; value; voc; voltage

• Positive Law vs. Good Intentions: The Legality of the Comcast-Time Warner Cable Merger by Tune, Harrison (2015) - It is also worth noting that extensive and reactionary government involvement in areas such as ISP markets should be ad- vised against because of the dangerous precedent and in- centives that could be established as a result. As per antitrust statutes, this proposed transaction is cur- rently under review by the U.S. Department of Justice, which is responsible for the regulation of mergers that substantially limit competition in a given market.1 The De- partment of Justice considers two primary aspects con- cerning horizontal mergers — the lessening of competi- tion and the over-consolidation of market share that confers a monopoly.2 In the case of the merger submitted by the Applicants (Comcast Corporation and Time Warner Cable, Inc.), the Department of Justice considers the change in competi- tion caused when two companies in the same market merge and the increased market share they will control as both a Multichannel Video Programming Distributor (MVPD) and an Internet Service Provider (ISP). Keywords: applicants; department; federal; isp; justice; market; merger

• Extra Point Under Review: Machine Learning And The NFL Field Goal by LeDoux, James (2016) - The result is a model that learns its own features, as opposed to other models which are constrained to the features that a user feeds them. Model 3: Home Field Advantages For model 3, I regressed all of the previously mentioned variables as well as the individual stadium dummies on field goal outcomes in order to see which home fields were the most significant. Keywords: data; field; game; goal; kicker; logistic; model; regression

• Behavioral Economics at Point of Payment and its Implications in Buenos Aires, Hanoi, and Cape Town by Baranko, Kyle (2017) - Residents of Buenos Aires, Hanoi, and Cape Town en- gaged in informal commercial transactions have done so out of necessity, not by choice; their plight to make ends meet through personal relationships and informal net- works is not a sign of empowerment but rather marginal- ization by globalization’s potent market and political forc- es. Lack of security services is the defining concern among merchants and consumers conducting commercial trans- actions in the former South African townships. Keywords: author; economy; government; hanoi; level; payment; security; trust

• The "Oklahoma City Plunder": Turner's Social Drama and Team Relocation by Morris, Matthew (2005) - Throughout the history of the four major professional sports leagues of the United States and Canada, team relo- cation has been common practice for team owners. Most commonly, team owners (or ownership groups) wi l l claim that the conditions under which they are operating the franchise are less than favor- able for turning profits. Keywords: city; e l; e n; e r; h e; l l; o r; s o; seattle; t h; team

• Neither Red Nor Blue: The Influence of Independent Voters in Massachusetts by McCaffrey, Olivia (2015) - the prevalence of independent voters in massachusetts The percentage of Independent voters in Massachusetts has increased during every presidential administration since that of Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1953-1961. massachusetts is a perfect microcosm through which to explore the influence of independent voters. Keywords: candidates; commonwealth; election; independent; massachusetts; party; republican; voters

• Canned Peaches and Chicken Parts: Postmodern Food in Don DeLillo's White Noise by Wong, Nicole (2009) - A19 91 exhibition at Bard College titled Art What Thou Eat: Images of Food i n American Art also explored the history of food i n American society through its depiction by American artists of the nineteenth and twentieth cen- turies. Food carries cultural significance, and i n a search for how to find meaning i n the hyper-reality of post- modernity, food is used not only to ground characters as hu- mans, but conversely to emulate the metaphoric con- sumption of food as an acceptance of postmodern ideas and values. Keywords: c o; e d; e l; e n; e r; e s; e t; food; h e; m e; n t; r t; s t

• A Biological "Arms Race": APOBEC3F Diversity and its Influence on Lentiviral Resistance by Tank, Allyson (2015) - host a3 proteins (triangles) incorporate into a budding virion, and then interfere with the process of reverse transcription in the target cell to prevent further viral replication. Further mutagenesis studies will reveal whether any of these sites play a role in SIV restriction, or whether it truly is another virus altogether that has provided the selective pressure on rhA3F. In addition, the sooty mangabey, crab- eating macaque, and pigtail macaque A3F clones have not been fully characterized in terms of their susceptibility to various Vifs. Keywords: a3f; clones; doi; hiv-1; host; macaques; primate; proteins; restriction; rhesus; species; vif; virus

• Asian Americans and Mental Health: Cultural Barriers to Effective Treatment by Speller, Heather K. (2005) - In reality, Asian Americans do experience mental illness and have an equally high, i f not higher, need for appropri- ate mental health services as any other racial or ethnic group. Studies have found that Asian Americans show increased utilization of mental health services when patient centers are specifically oriented towards Asian Americans. Keywords: asian; c e; e n; e r; e s; e t; h e; l t; m e; n t; t h
• The Blindspot: Asian Misrepresentation In Orange Is The New Black by Kim, Clare (2016) - Big Boo objectifies Soso as she labels her as “the hot one of the Asian persuasion,” reinforcing the often fetishized por- trayals of Asian women in the media.13 This hyper-sexual- ized depiction of Asian women upholds the phenomenon of what is often referred to as “yellow fever”, which is large- ly problematic in that “it doesn’t see [Asian] women as fully-formed individuals, but as the living embodiment of offensive stereotypes. Keywords: asian; black; chang; oitnb; orange; race

• Rethinking Images of Disability through Laura Swanson’s “Anti-Self-Portrait” by Barnhardt, Carly (2017) - Swanson resists traditional images of disability, and in do- ing so, avoids the role of “spectacle” in her own image and reverses the power relations of staring in photography, re- claiming what Garland-Thomson calls “the social ritual of staring at disability.”11 “Swanson resists traditional images of disability, and in doing so, avoids the role of ‘spectacle’ in her own image...” 29 Averting the gAze EndnoTEs 1. Keywords: body; disability; garland; swanson

• The Art of Citizenship: Roman Cultural Identity in Cicero’s Pro Archia Poeta by Pressman, Fisher Wallace (2018) - While this does not necessarily detract from his overall dis- cussion on what makes someone culturally Roman, one must consider the type of person Cicero believed capable of being Roman. In the beginning of the oration, Cicero focuses on cultural and literary pursuits to broaden Roman cultural identity and emphasizes the bonds between the artes and humanitas. Keywords: archia; artes; cicero; citizenship; humanitas; identity; literature; poeta; pro; roman

• Artwork Credits by Wang, Betty (2016) - List of Artwork The visiT of The angel gabriel To The virgin mary © Simone Martini [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons 10 12 16 20 28 29 30 30 32 33 The egypTian revoluTion in Tahrir square © Maged Helal, https://flic.kr/p/9kxiFH, via Flickr muhammad preaching To his followers © [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons free Tunisia © Wassim Ben Rhouma, Free Tunisa, https://flic.kr/p/9eK3fo, via Flickr Pallas athena, 1898 © Gustav Klimt [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons PhilosoPhy (destroyed), 1900 © Gustav Klimt [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons PreParatory study for JurisPrudence, 1897-98 © Clark Art Institute, https://flic.kr/p/68S8qU, via Flickr JurisPrudence, 1903-1907 © Gustav Klimt [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons Beethoven frieze (“the hostile Powers”), 1902 © Gustav Klimt [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons the kiss for the whole world, 1902 © Gustav Klimt [Public domain], via Wikimedia Com- mons ScreenShot of the video of rodney king’S beating © ATOMIC Hot Links, Los Angele’s three day Shoot, Loot & Scoot 1992 (Rodney King beating) https://flic.kr/p/5K1etA, via Flickr rodney king caricature © Cass Anaya, https://flic.kr/p/bGLrCz, via Flickr la riotS caricature © ATOMIC Hot Links, Los Angele’s three day Shoot, Loot & Scoot 1992, https://flic.kr/p/5K1fr3, via Flickr 40 50 50 70 78 86 91 Calling for equality in the la riots © ATOMIC Hot Links, Los Angele’s three day Shoot, Loot & Scoot 1992 (Man’s inhumanity to man), https:// flic.kr/p/5K5Vhf, via Flickr 93 lisT of arTWork Children gathered for a musiC lesson © Admin Keywords: domain; wikimedia

• A Climate of Inaction: Limitations of a Relational Understanding of Morality by Butron, Juliana (2016) - Aspects of climate change inaction find their roots in sim- ilar behavioral fossils. Reducing gReenhouse gas emissions is the only way to mitigate the consequences of climate change. Keywords: authority; change; climate; environmental; global; group; morality; sharing; trolley; understanding

• Legalizing Love: Understanding the Effect of Legalizing Gay-Marriage on Adoption Rates in the United States by Garrett, Katherine; Elements (2022) - With this background information in mind, this brief examines adoption data from 2000 to 2017 in order to assess how the legalization of same-sex marriage—on a state and national level—increased adoption rates in the United States. For this analysis, the raw numbers of adopted children were converted into a logarithmic dependent variable in order to analyze how gay marriage changed adoption rates in the form of a percent change. Keywords: adoption; legalization; marriage

• Antioxidants and Gene Regulation: The Effects of Vitamins C and E on Estrogen Receptors by Ho Nam, Jeong (2006) - I D E D E T E R M I D E D E T E R M Keywords: cancer; cells; e n; estrogen; n t; r e; t r

• Don Quixote and the Liar's Paradox by Cersonsky, Emily (2006) - By the end of Don Quixote, it might be said that the reader and even Cervantes are ready to pro- claim with Don Antonio: May Don Quixote never be recov- ered! D O N Q U I X O T E A N D T H E L IAR'S P A R A D O X http://www.bartleby.com/113/1011.html http://Bartleby.com http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ESL0027 http://wwwshakespeare-online.com/keydates/playchron.html http://wwwshakespeare-online.com/keydates/playchron.html REFERENCES Cervantes, Miguel de. Don Quixote. Keywords: h e; reality; t h

• Call-and-Response: An Ancient Linguistic Device Surfaces in Usher's "Love in This Club" by Keegan, Nathan (2005) - [These] responses may also indicate extremely powerful affirmation of what the speaker has said.wn In this we see the echoes of African and slave society: the call invites a responder to a conversational community, and the responder supports that community through his atten- tion and affirmation. [In response] Hey- The music video supports this assertion; when Where we at Polow? is uttered, the camera cuts to an unmanned DJ table. Keywords: club; e s; h e; r e; rap; response; usher

• Meeting Henry Hills: Printer To The King's Most Excellent Majesty by Caswell, Violet (2016) - “At the Dwelling House of Mr. Henry Hills,” Evening Post, May 29, 1712, iss. “At the Dwelling House of Mr. Henry Hills.” Keywords: book; henry; henry hills; hills; james; king; london; printer; printing

• Husserl's Logical Investigations: The Phenomenological Revolution by Yiannopoulos, Alex (2007) - One of the seminal texts of the modern era, and indeed a text that would influence the course of Continental philos- ophy throughout the 20th century, is Husserl's Logical Investigations. Conceived in part as a response to what Husserl termed psychologism, the view that the truths of logic are derived from the facts of psychology, the Logical Investigations1 were a pivotal moment in the history of Western philosophy. Keywords: derrida; husserl
• Consciousness in Re-Presentation: Towards a Cross-Textual Definition of “Différance” by Casey, Myles Francis (2018) - différance and the authority of pres- ence Most famously presented in his aforementioned essay, “Différance” (1968), Derrida’s articulation of différance is ubiquitous throughout the large cannon of work that he produced over the course of his academic career. This shorT piece aTTempTs To offer a parTial eluciDaTion on some key Themes of Jacques DerriDa’s 1968 essay, “Différance.” Keywords: consciousness; derrida; différance; levinas; presence

• On the Wrong Side of the Tracks?: Ethical Considerations of the Needle Black Market by Panariello, Natalie (2016) - Since the late 1980S, needle exchange programS (nepS) have been great reSourceS for intravenouS drug uSerS (iduS), aS they provide both clean needleS with which iduS can inject aS well aS baSic health ServiceS, including hiv teSting and counSeling. In some cities, there even exists self-policing where sellers hold each other accountable for distributing clean needles. Keywords: clean; drug; exchange; health; idus; michael; needles; philadelphia

• The Market for Blood: Should Donations be Incentivized in the United States? by Sabal, Matt (2018) - hoWever, others find moral and ethical is- sues With paying Blood donors, and have concerns aBout hoW this could compro- mise the safety of donated Blood. Transfusion from donor blood will be much cheaper, readily available, and safe in the foreseeable future. Keywords: blood; cash; donations; donors; drives; incentives; red; supply

• Abusive Tax Shelters: An Ethical, Historical, and Legal Analysis by Speece, Evan (2008) - However, the issue of tax shelters blurs these seemingly distinct lines. Furthermore, the abusive appli- cations of tax shelters provide many financial incentives that elicit legal and ethical dilemmas for several classes of professionals. Keywords: e l; e n; e s; e t; h e; l t; r e; shelters; t h; tax

• Judging Harshly: The Bush Doctrine in Practice by Scullin, Christopher (2005) - At first glance, an explicit focus on each of these elements is rather new to United States foreign policy. The Doctrine correctly acknowledges that the main threat to U.S. interests is that of non-state or extra-state actors, most notably 'terrorist' organizations. Keywords: bush; doctrine; h e; o r; r e; t r

• Translation in the Culture War for Hawaii: The Arabian Nights in Nineteenth-Century Hawaiian Newspapers by Hughes, Alyssa (2005) - x x n i After a failed attempt to control Ka Hoku Pakipika, Whitney estab- lished Ka Nupepa Kuokoa as a rival newspaper, hoping to undermine the influence of the native-run press. These elements greatly contributed to the popularity and influence of Ka Nupepa Kuokoa as a rival paper to Kalakaua's Ka Hoku Pakipika. Keywords: e n; h e; hawaiian; l t; t h; t r

• Barrios, Gangs, and Enclaves: A Socioeconomic Reading of Luis Rodriguez's Always Running by Brunner, Christopher (2005) - In Luis Rodriguez's memoir Always Running, Rodriguez describes a youth lifestyle of gangs, violence, and discrimi- nation. Using the prevalence of gang culture and violence i n the barrio, Rodriguez looks to paint the barrio as a neighbor- hood detrimental to the individual and to social psy- chology. Keywords: e r; h e; rodriguez; t h

• Exporting Citizens, Importing Remittances: The Developing World's Newest Strategy to Combat Poverty by Maroshegyi, Christopher (2005) - , x x i v Specifically, Adams finds that a particularly large amount of remittance income is spent on education i n receiving coun- tries, especially on the margin, where households receiv- ing internal and international remittances spend 45% and ELEM ENTS FALL 09 58% more, respectively, on education than do households with no remittances. Early studies did make strong arguments that remittance income was used mainly for consumption. Keywords: c e; e s; h e; r e; r t; remittances; t h; t t

• Today's Russian Intelligentsia: A New Role in the Post-Soviet Political Order by Barnes, Quintin (2005) - The identity of Russian intelligentsia is com- plex, and to explain its phase shifts and historical importance is difficult. The Soviet era drastically changed the traditional concept of Russian intelligentsia, clarifying the identity of this eclectic group. Keywords: e n; e t; h e; intelligentsia; l e; l l; m e; n t; r e; t h; t r

• Early Koranic Manuscripts: The Blue Koran Debate by Neumeier, Emily (2006) - Museum of Fine Art , Boston, visit to view Blue Koran folio. Some other examples in- clude a Koran in the Freer gallery with a light blue ground v i and a leaf at the Metropolitan Museum of Art's Khalili col- lection that is dyed red with silver verse markers Of partic- ular interest is a Hafsid Koran manuscript endowed to the Mosque of Kasba in Tunis i n March 1405 by al-Mutawakkil, with silver ink on paper dyed in a range of colors from light brown to purple . Keywords: blue; blue koran; h e; koran; o r; t h

• A Preventative Approach to Malaria: Some Preliminary Considerations by Roh, Emily H. (2006) - Like many other infectious diseases, malaria has had devastating ef- fects on both public health and the economy. It is not enough to sim- ply address the biological mechanisms of malaria, of the mosquitoes that spread it , or of its victims. Keywords: malaria; p r; r e; r o

• Mentira y Honor: Los temas del teatro espanol en el Siglo de Oro by Georescu, Vlad (2010) - Aunque Dios era superficialtnente la autoridad mas alta, habia otro sistema de creencias, el de la honra, considerado mas sagrado por los ciudadanos de entonces M E N T Pedro Crespo, al recibir las noticias de la llegada de los soldados espanoles en Zalamea, pide a su hija Isabel y la su prima Ines que se escondan en el desvan de s u casa Hoy han de venir a casa / soldados, y es importante, / que no te vean. Keywords: alvaro; como; con; crespo; del; don; duque; esta; honra; juan; las; los; mas; mentira; para; pedro; por; que; siglo; sus; una

• Artwork Credits by Marandola, Marissa (2010) - u s / A l a m y PARISH OF SAN JOSE © Corbis DE LA BARCA © H u l t o n Archive/Getty Images DRESS REHEARSAL OF 'DON JUAN, EL BURLADOR DE SEVILLA' BY TIRSO DE MOLINA © Q u i m Llenas/Cover/Getty Images ECSTASY OF SAINT CECILIA BY RAPHAEL © L I S T OF A R T W O R K LAEKEN ROYAL GREENHOUSES WINTER GARDEN DOM E, BRUSSELS © Chris Baker/Alamy HOTEL SOLVAY BY VICTOR HORTA, BRUSSELS, 1894. Keywords: corbis

• The Psychological Puzzle: Contributing Factors to the Top-Down Politicization of Intelligence by Moretti, Rebecca (2016) - What allows policymakers to exploit ambiguous intelligence is not primarily the intelli- gence itself, regardless of its ambiguity, but rather the psy- chological predilections that prevent them from accurately appraising the information. Policymakers need intelligence to make decisions, while the intelligence community derives significance from its ability to Provide Policy makers with reliable information. Keywords: intelligence; leaders; policymakers; politicization

• Dreibens Modulo 7: A New Formula for Primality Testing by Diep-Nguyen, Arthur (2016) - In other words, one would have yet another method to determine the number of dreibens of length n divisible by 7. 98 ElEmEnts : : spring 2016 conclusIon While we are still far from determining whether the set of prime dreibens is finite or infinite, our exploration of dreibens modulo 7 has cast much light on the problem. We can perform similar calculations for An where n ≡ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (mod 6), thereby allowing us to quickly find An for any n. Hence, we can easily determine An for any n, allow- ing us to rule out many composite dreibens. Keywords: mod

• Characterization of LL25X, a Newly Isolated Anti-SIV Monoclonal Antibody, to Determine Binding Specificity by Park, Zackary Tajin (2017) - Ligation of LL25X into Backbone Vector pCEP4 DNA gel electrophoresis of 2 µL of the double digested backbone vector pCEP4 and 2 µL of the double digested LL25X PCR product was performed on 1% agarose gel for 1 hour. Western blotting also re- vealed that monoclonal SIVmac239 antibody LL25X binds specifically to ectodomain SIVmac239gp41 of Env glyco- protein SIVmac239gp140. Keywords: dna; gel; kpni; ll25x; pcep4; sapi; vector

Epilogue

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Created: 2025-12-23