T H A N K S The editors of Elements would like to thank the following individuals for their generous support of and assistance with this issue of Elements: P E R I O D I C I T Y Elements is published twice an academic year i n the fall and spring semesters. BEN B I R N B A U M , Executive Director of the Office of Marketing Communications ELIZABETH BRAN DES, Art Director for the Office of Marketing Communications CUTBERTO GARZA, Provost and Dean of Faculties D O N A L D HAFNER, Chair of the Undergraduate Fellowships Committee JOYCE M A N N I X , Business Manager for the College of Arts and Sciences A N N A MARIE MURPHY, Deputy Editor of Boston College Magazine JOSEPH Q U I N N , Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences BARBARA VI ECH N ICKI , Associate Dean for Finance and Administration We would also like to give special thanks to the Dean's Office of the College of Arts and Sciences and the Office of Marketing Communications for providing budgetary support that made this publication possible. Q U E S T I O N S & C O N T R I B U T I O N S I f you have any questions, or would like to contribute a letter for our next issue, feel free to contact the journal at elements@bc.edu. COVER Cinco de Mayo Celebration by Mexican-Americans i n Port Huron, Michigan. © Dennis MacDonald/Alamy Elements, Undergraduate Research Journal, Volume 3, Issue 1, Spring 20067 Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Service Building 103, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 Printing: Kirkwood Printing, 904 Main Street, Wilmington, MA 01887 For submission guidelines please refer to http://www.bc.edu/elements/ Copyright © 2007 by Trustees of Boston College mailto:elements@bc.edu http://www.bc.edu/elements/ E L E M E N T S STAFF E D I T O R - I N - C H I EF REBECCA KRAUS M A N A G I N G E D I T O R S CATHERINE HALSEY PAUL WENDEL H U M A N I T I E S EMILY CERSONSKY, Senior Editor REBECCA F. BUCKLEY, Editor ERIN E. E I C H A N , Editor KAELIN M. GRANT, Editor JUNSUNG K I M , Editor ROHAN M U L G A O N K A R , Editor MARY SASSO, Editor KATHRYN SKAGGS, Editor CHRISTOPHER TRUEAX, Editor N A T U R A L S C I E N C E S ALLISON LORD, Senior Editor KATHRYN M. BRADY, Editor DAM I EN CROTEAU-CHONKA, Editor ELLEN K I M , Editor AISTE NARKEVICI UTE, Editor KATHERINE W U , Editor S O C I A L S C I E N C E S KERRY B R E N N A N , Senior Editor MAR ISA COCHRANE, Editor SUSIE C O N N O L L Y, Editor MORGAN J. CORCORAN, Editor J O H N FLOWERS, Editor T I M KELLY, Editor CHRISTOPHER LAWS, Editor MARIA MASAVEU, Editor S P E C I A L F E A T U R E S N A T H A N I E L CAMPBELL, Senior Editor L A Y O U T DAM I EN CROTEAU-CHONKA, Senior Editor SUSIE C O N N O L L Y, Editor ERIN E. E I G H A N , Editor MARIA MASAVEU, Editor W E B M A N A G E R DAM I EN CROTEAU-CHONKA F A C U L T Y A D V I S E R PROF. MARK O ' C O N N O R , Director, College of Arts and Sciences Honors Program