Carly barnhardt will graduate from Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences in 2017 with a degree in English, a minor in American Studies with concentration in journalism, and a minor in French. She is currently writing a senior honors thesis on the poetry and memoirs of Beat-era poet Diane di Prima. She has a special interest in feminist theory, Ameri- can literature, and creative nonfiction, and hopes to pursue these academic interests at the graduate level. When she is not reading or writing, you can find her in the kitchen, not following a recipe, or in the Stylus office. auThor biograPhiEs sabrina blaCk is a sophomore majoring in German Studies and minoring in English. She is from Milwaukee, Wisconsin. On campus, she is a member of several musical ensembles, a teaching assistant in the German Department, and an international assistant. Within the field of German Studies, her primary area of interest is twentieth-century litera- ture. Having completed an internship at Universität Kassel the summer of 2016 Sabrina intends to return to Germany to study abroad during her junior year. She is likely to pursue graduate studies in the future. She would like to thank Professor Daniel Bowles for his guidance on this project. kyle baranko is a junior majoring in International Studies with a concentration in political economy. He is originally from Salt Lake City, Utah, and enjoys hiking, skiing, and other outdoor activities in his free time. The research for this paper came from his semester abroad with the International Honors Program, which focused on social science in three cities: Buenos Aires, Hanoi, and Cape Town. Kyle hopes to go on to graduate school or a career in political econ- omy once he graduates. haley Cormier is a senior in the Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences pursuing Bachelor’s degrees in both History and Psychol- ogy. She is drawn to topics and events that exhibit an intersection between the two disciplines—which, combined with an interest in feminism, led to her research on the 1968 Miss America Pageant protests. Currently living in Northern Connecticut with her parents, brother, and sister, Haley hopes to travel and work abroad after gradua- tion before returning to Boston to attend law school. moniCa CosCia was born and raised in an Italian family in Montville, New Jersey. She is a third-year senior at Boston College studying Political Science and History in the Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences Honors Program. Coscia is currently a teaching assistant for the Business Law department, a senator in UGBC, a lead attorney in Mock Trial, an editor for the Pre-Law Review, and a co-president of dance group “On Tap.” Her academic interests include Supreme Court jurisprudence, American politics and foreign policy, constitutional history, Freudian philosophy, and Russian literature. She plans to start law school in the fall of 2017 in preparation for a career in civil litigation. elizabeth d’altrui is a sophomore in the Carroll School of Management Honors Program at Boston College. She is currently concen- trating in Accounting and Economics. She is also taking classes in the Lynch School of Education to obtain a mi- nor in Inclusive Education. After graduation, she plans to become CPA certified and work at one of the Big Four Accounting Firms. At Boston College, Elizabeth is involved in 4Boston, Women in Business, and Relay for Life. She also works as a lifeguard at the Plex. Her interests include running, traveling, visiting new restaurants, and spending time with friends. emma hoWe is a junior studying International Studies and Economics in the Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences. She plans on attending graduate school after she graduates from Boston College in order to further her knowledge about environmental policy and the situation in the Middle East. After that, she hopes to obtain a job working for an environmental consulting group with an overarching goal of accelerating and promoting the global environmental economic agenda. samina gan is a Senior in the Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences with a double major in International Studies and Eco- nomics. Her interests include international economic development and studying the impacts of globalization. She will be working in financial consulting next year in New York City. jordan mindlin is a senior currently pursuing a Bachelor’s degree in Economics, with a minor in Studio Art. She spent the fall of junior year studying at Universidad de Complutense in Madrid, taking her classes in Spanish. Her academic inter- ests stretch from global conflicts and refugees to finance and management to photography and digital design. On campus, she has worked as an editor on The Heights, a marketing assistant in the music department, treasurer of the Fashion Club, and an Appalachia volunteer. Professionally, she has worked as an analyst at Merrill Lynch, and following graduation, will pursue a strategic advisory position as an associate at MediaLink. zaCkary Park is from Raleigh, North Carolina, and is currently studying Biochemistry in the Honors Program of the Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences. From a young age, he has always been interested in science, and had a desire to understand how and why things worked. After graduation this year, he will be taking a gap year to research other topics of interest. He will be applying to medical school in the following year in hopes of achieving his dream of becoming a doctor. His other interests include weightlifting, traveling, and eating the best food in the world. Caitlin sullivan is a current junior majoring in Economics with a Spanish minor. She is spending this spring semester abroad in Madrid, Spain and will spend the summer as an intern for Synchrony Financial. In addition to economics and spanish, Caitlin has a strong interest in finance and plans to pursue it after graduating from Boston College. Cait- lin selected this topic of research for an economic policy class “Microeconomic Public Policy Issues” after seeing a presentation in 2015 by the Gabelli Presidential Scholars on the issue of mass incarceration. PatriCk sheerin is an Economics and Political Science double major in the Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences, Patrick is a four-year member of the Men’s Varsity Swimming and Diving Team. Aside from his academic and athletic sched- ule, Patrick has also been an upperclassmen leader for both the Freshman and Sophomore Leadership Program(s) for Student-Athletes, and is a member of the Bellarmine Law Society. Patrick has also been published in the Bos- ton College Pre-Law Review. breCk Wills is a senior at Boston College where she studies Economics, Computer Science, and Studio Art. Upon graduation she will begin her job as a business systems analyst, while also pursuing a Master’s degree in applied economics. Breck’s main areas of interest within economics include economic development and economics of the public sector. List of Artwork Portrait of the writer fyodor dostoyevsky in 1872 © Vasily Perov [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons 1 12 14 20 23 28 32 33 33 34 Place of the imPerial council, russia. © [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons the Brothers karamazov Book cover ©Lungstruck, Fyodor Dostoyevsky - The Brothers Karamazov, https://flic.kr/p/cPmqDy, via Flickr calle florida ©http://www.flickr.com/photos/christianhaugen/ [CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons Photo of Peggy lee © [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons indian immigrants in the united states © Jie Zong and Jeanne Batalova, via Migration Information Source, http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/ indian-immigrants-united-states (accessed April 2, 2017). immigrant PoPulation with a college education © Drew Desilver, via Pew Research Center, Last modified September 30, 2014, http://www.pewresearch.org/ fact-tank/2014/09/30/5-facts-about-indian-americans (accessed April 2, 2017). emPloyed workers in the civilian laBor force © Jie Zong and Jeanne Batalova, via Migration Information Source, http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/ Percentage of immigrant-founded comPanies By industry © Wadhwa, Vivek, via Issues in science and technology, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_ id=1358382 (accessed April 2, 2017). 15 a quiet street in the shoPPing district of hanoi © calflier001 (HA NOI VIETNAM FEB 2012) [CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons indian-immigrants-united-states (accessed April 2, 2017). foreign-national contriBution to the u.s. gloBal Patent aPPlications ©Wadhwa, Vivek, via Issues in science and technology, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_ id=1358382 (accessed April 2, 2017). 35 cover - imPerial diadem of JoséPhine de Beauharnaiss © Unknown [CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons 36 36 The Fiscal impacT oF emigraTion on “TlBs” ©Desai et al., via Journal of Development Economics. percenTage oF Friends or colleagues have reTurned To Their counTry ©Borjas et al., via The Review of Economics and Statistics. indian-immigrants-united-states (accessed April 2, 2017). percenTage oF Times inFormaTion ©Saxenian, AnnaLee, via Public Policy Institute of California. aTlanTic ciTy aT nighT © Ron Miguel [CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons acTivisT roBin morgan Being arresTed © RMBMPhotos (sent to me personally) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons The Former riTz carlTon hoTel in aTlanTic ciTy © Paul Lowry [CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons per capiTa consumpTion oF BoTTled waTer in The uniTed sTaTes © International Bottled Water Association. https://www.statista.com/statistics/183377/per-capita-consumption- of-bottled-water-in-the-us-since-1999/ (accessed April 2, 2017). 38 44 46 49 54 55 56 washinTon universiTy in sT louis BoTTled Beverage purchases ©Vasquez et al, via Washington University in St. Louis, Office of Sustainability, 2015. https://gallery.mailchimp. com/7066ff9764a241168352699e8/files/160118_Bottle_Brief_Final.pdf. 57 uniTed sTaTes Beverage consumpTion Breakdown in 2016 © International Bottled Water Association. https://www.statista.com/statistics/387199/us-consumption-share- of-beverages-by-segment/ (accessed April 2, 2017). BoTTled waTer consumpTion worldwide From 2007 To 2017 ©Nestlé. https://www.statista.com/statistics/387255/global-bottled-water-consumption/ (accessed April 2, 2017). BoTTled waTer sales in The uniTed sTaTes in 2015 ©Beverage World. https://www.statista.com/statistics/552963/bottled-water-sales-in-the-us-by-segment/ (ac- cessed April 2, 2017). cosT-BeneFiT analysis © Curtis-Murphy et al., via The Evans School Review, https://depts.washington.edu/esreview/wordpress/wp- content/uploads/2014/07/2014-Ban-the-Bottle.pdf. 57 54 9 an artistiC rePresentation of the arabiC Word for she “hiya” ©Mahmoud Tamman, via Behance, https://www.behance.net/MT90.96 university of vermont Per CaPita shiPments of bottled beverages ©Berman et al., via American Journal of Public Health, http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/ AJPH.2015.302593. lisT of arTwork 58 58 60 82 82 83 84 86 92 94 Pigouvian tax model ©“Pigouvian Tax.” via Policonomics, http://www.policonomics.com/pigouvian-tax/. PerCentage of various beverages shiPPed to 8 CamPus loCations ©Berman et al., via American Journal of Public Health, http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/ AJPH.2015.302593. number of PeoPle serving life sentenCes, 1984-2012 ©Nellis, A , via The Sentencing Project. median annual earnings for those inCarCerated vs not inCarCerated. ©Diane Whitmore Schazenbach et al., via The Hamilton Project. total Per offense Cost for different Crimes in 2008 dollars. ©McCollister, et al., via Drug Alcohol Depend. 66 Christa Wolf ©SpreeTom (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecom- mons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)], via Wikimedia Commons us and state federal Prison PoPulation, 1925-2014 ©Criminal Justice Facts, via The Sentencing Project, http://www.sentencingproject.org/criminal-justice-facts/ groWth of Prisoners in southern states by age ©American Civil Liberties union, “At America’s Expense: The Mass Incarceration of the Elderly,” https://www. aclu.org/files/assets/elderlyprisonreport_20120613_1.pdf. a Protester Waving the tunisian flag ©Gwenael Piaser, “Protest Tunisia” via Flickr a Woman attending a Protest ©Gwenael Piaser, “Protest Egypt” via Flickr