







































English Language Teaching,  
Applied Linguistics and Literature 

Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024) 
Available online at https://jurnal.iainponorogo.ac.id/index.php/eltall 

 
 

40 

ELTALL 

 
EXAMINING THE ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS IN THE 

PADDINGTON MOVIE AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON 
CULTIVATING THE PROFILE OF PANCASILA STUDENTS 

 

 

Safrina Nuraini 

Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Ponorogo, Indonesia 

safrinanuraini@gmail.com 

 

Wiwin Widyawati 

Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Ponorogo, Indonesia 

winwidya75@gmail.com 

 

Rifa Suci Wulandari 

STKIP Ponorogo, Indonesia 

rifawulan1981@gmail.com  

 

ABSTRACT  

The use of speech acts is an integral part of everyday conversation, representing 
actions rather than mere statements about objects. The relationship between speech acts 
and a speaker's character is closely intertwined, as one's character influences the type and 
manner of speech used. In Indonesia, the government emphasizes character development, 
evident in the Minister of Education and Culture's initiative, the Pancasila Student 
Profile, aimed at shaping Indonesian students' characters. This study focuses on 
analyzing speech acts, particularly Illocutionary speech acts within the Paddington 
Movie, and their role in cultivating the Pancasila Student Profile. Employing a 
descriptive qualitative approach, this research relies on George Yule's and John R. 
Searle's theories on speech acts. Data collection involves documenting instances from the 
"Paddington" movie. Results indicate the identification of five types of Illocutionary 
speech acts in the film: assertive (24%), directives (39.6%), commissive (5.6%), 
expressive (28%), and declaratives (1.8%). Moreover, the analysis reveals expressions in 
the script that align with the values encapsulated in the Pancasila Student Profile. 
Overall, the Illocutionary speech acts throughout the Paddington movie contribute to the 
construction of the Pancasila Student Profile through various utterances. 

 

Keywords: Illocutionary Act, Pancasila Student Profile, Paddington Movie 

 
 



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INTRODUCTION  

Language is one of the essential things in human life. It is used to 

communicate with others in the daily life. Because it has an essential role, so 

language cannot be separated from human life, either spoken or written. In 

everyday conversation not primarily to the sentences that utter to one another, 

but to the speech acts that those utterances are used to perform: requests, 

warnings, invitations, promises, apologies, predictions, and the like. Speech acts 

are a part of pragmatic where there are certain aims (Sihombing et al., 2021). 

Beyond the words or phrases when a speaker says something, in the scope of 

pragmatics, some factors should be considered. These factors establish the very 

definition of pragmatic itself. The factors are implicature, speech acts, 

presupposition, context, adjacency pairs, and deixis and distance (Lycan, 2000). 

Speech acts expression cannot be separated in every daily conversation, 

therefore the Researcher in this study will analyze the speech acts expressions 

contained in the speech acts expression.  Speech acts is divided into three kinds, 

they are locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary. In this research, the 

researcher will focus on analysis illocutionary acts in Paddington Movie, cause in 

this movie many discovered phrases using illocutionary act.   

The relationship between speech acts and the speaker's character is 

interconnected because the speaker's character can influence the type and 

manner of utterances used in a speech act. A speech acts is an action performed 

through the utterance of a sentence, where the actual meaning of the sentence 

goes beyond the words used. The selection of words and how they are spoken 

can provide information about the speaker's intentions, purposes, or goals. The 

speaker's character, such as personality, cultural background, and life 

experiences, can influence how they use language in speaking. For example, 

someone who is polite and friendly is likely to use polite words and avoid using 

rude or aggressive language.  

Therefore, the speaker's character can influence the type of speech act 

used. For instance, a clever and ethical speaker may use more complex speech 

acts and consider the consequences of the words, while someone who is less 

sensitive to the feelings of others may use speech acts that do not consider the 

effect on the listener. Thus, speech acts and the speaker's character are 

interrelated in providing information about the actions performed through 

language and how the speaker uses language in communication. Besides that, the 

expression can describe the character of the speaker. Human communication 

conveys ideas, ideas and opinions, immediate feelings, or emotions. it is called a 

speech act. In every speech acts that are spoken, there is a message conveyed to 

the reader or listener. which researcher associate with character building from a 

student (Amalia & Hidayat, 2021). 



Examining The Illocutionary Acts in The Paddington Movie and Their Influence on Cultivating The Profile of Pancasila 
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42 ELTALL : English Language Teaching, Applied Linguistics and Literature, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024) 

 

Character is very important for the progress of the nation because a 

character will influence attitudes and daily behavior. The importance of this 

character has been realized by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the 

country. According to ministry of education and culture, the development of the 

nation must be accompanied by the development of character (nation and 

character building). Often students ignore the importance of character education 

and instead pursue academic education in the form of knowledge or character 

education is only limited to knowledge (moral knowing) so that student know 

what is good and bad, but this knowledge does not guide or is implemented in 

daily attitudes and behavior. Character education must reach feelings (moral 

feeling) and action (moral action) so that people will feel ashamed, wrong, or 

sinful if they don't do it. 

In line with the government's program on character formation, the 

Ministry of Education and Culture has launched a new curriculum called the 

Independent Curriculum. This term is interpreted as an instructional framework 

that enables students to engage in a tranquil, relaxed, enjoyable, stress-free, and 

pressure-free learning environment, thus allowing them to demonstrate their 

innate talents. The concept prioritizes freedom and fosters creative thinking.  The 

Independent Curriculum presents a distinct foundational framework compared 

to previous curricula. In addition to being rooted in the National Education 

System Law and national education standards, the Independent Curriculum also 

has the primary goal of character development based on Pancasila, achieved 

through the implementation of the Pancasila student profile project among 

learners (Rahayu et al., 2022). 

To develop and improve character education in Indonesia, the Minister of 

Education and Culture, Mr. Nadiem Makarim, has formed a new idea, namely 

"Pancasila Student Profile". The main reason behind this program is the 

increasingly rapid development of technology, sociocultural shifts, differences in 

future work needs on education and social culture. Pancasila Student Profile is a 

lifelong student profile who have global competence and character following 

Pancasila values, with six main characteristics: piety to God Almighty, noble, 

independence, creativity, and cooperation (Kementerian Pendidikan, 

Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi, 2023). 

The researcher's focus in this study is not on speech acts in general, but 

specifically on illocutionary acts.  There is a connection between illocutionary acts 

and the Pancasila student profile in the context of the Independent Curriculum. 

Illocutionary acts refer to speech acts that have a specific purpose or effect, such 

as influencing someone's understanding or attitude. In the Independent 

Curriculum, the Pancasila student profile project aims to develop students' 

characters based on the values of Pancasila. illocutionary acts in this context can 



Examining The Illocutionary Acts in The Paddington Movie and Their Influence on Cultivating The Profile of Pancasila 
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43 ELTALL : English Language Teaching, Applied Linguistics and Literature, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024) 

 

serve as means to strengthen and internalize Pancasila values through students' 

direct experiences of speaking and interacting with these values, aligning with 

the goal of character development in the Independent Curriculum. In this 

research, researcher used movie to learn the correlation between Pancasila 

Student Profile with illocutionary act. Movies can provide visual representations 

of various speech acts and their effects, allowing students to observe and analyze 

how illocutionary acts are conveyed through dialogue, gestures, and expressions. 

By selecting movies that contain relevant themes or situations related to Pancasila 

values, educators can facilitate discussions and activities that explore the 

illocutionary acts portrayed in the movie. Students can analyze the characters' 

speech acts, their intended effects, and the impact on the development of 

Pancasila-based character profiles.  In this research, the researcher chooses 

Paddington movie. 

The Paddington movie is an adaptation of the book series titled 

"Paddington." The movie was directed by Paul King and was released in 2014. The 

Paddington movie is a comedy animation movie produced by Studio Canal. The 

movie follows the story of Paddington, a young Peruvian bear, who travels to 

London in search of a new home and finds himself taken in by the Brown family. 

The Paddington movie was well-received by audiences and critics alike, with a 

98% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes.  In terms of box office success, the 

Paddington movie was also a commercial hit, grossing over $280 million 

worldwide against a budget of $55 million. It was the highest-grossing non-

Hollywood family movie in China at the time of its release and became the 

second highest-grossing independent British movie ever. The success of the 

Paddington movie led to the release of a sequel, Paddington 2, in 2017, which was 

also critically acclaimed and commercially successful. The Paddington franchise 

has since expanded to include merchandise, books, and a television series, 

further cementing its place as a beloved children's classic. Overall, the Paddington 

movie achieved critical and commercial success, becoming a cultural 

phenomenon and winning over audiences of all ages with its heartwarming 

story, memorable characters, and impressive visual effects. 

Paddington is a movie that is suitable to be used as the media in teaching 

and learning process. The performance of characters in this movie are polite. 

Besides, the language used is also polite.  for character analysis and speech acts 

analysis due to several reasons. Firstly, the characters in the movie have distinct 

personalities and backgrounds that influence the way they use language. For 

example, Paddington, the main character, is a polite and well-mannered bear who 

speaks with a refined accent. In contrast, Mr. Curry, the grumpy neighbor, is 

often rude and uses harsh language. Secondly, the characters in the movie use 

speech acts to achieve their goals and communicate their intentions. The movie 



Examining The Illocutionary Acts in The Paddington Movie and Their Influence on Cultivating The Profile of Pancasila 
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provides examples of various types of speech acts, including requests, offers, 

promises, and apologies. For instance, Paddington uses a request speech acts to 

ask Mr. Gruber for directions to the antique shop. He also uses an apology speech 

acts when he accidentally breaks a vase at Mr. Curry's house. Thirdly, the movie 

portrays how characters can develop and change over time. For example, Mr. 

Brown, who initially dislikes Paddington, eventually comes to accept and care for 

him as a member of the family. This character development is reflected in the 

way Mr. Brown uses language towards Paddington throughout the movie. 

Pancasila is a specific term referring to the philosophical principles of 

Indonesia, including belief in one God, just and civilized humanity, unity, 

democracy, and social justice. "Paddington," on the other hand, is a British film 

based on the character Paddington Bear. First, unity. Throughout the film, 

Paddington, a bear from Peru, is welcomed into the Brown family's home in 

London despite his differences. This emphasizes the value of unity and 

acceptance of diversity, which resonates with the Pancasila principle of unity in 

diversity. Second, social justice: Paddington's story often involves themes of 

kindness, fairness, and standing up for what is right. He tries to help those in 

need and believes in the importance of doing good deeds, which aligns with the 

Pancasila principle of social justice. Third, democracy. While democracy is not a 

central theme in Paddington, the film does portray characters working together 

to solve problems and make decisions collectively, showcasing elements of 

democratic values such as cooperation and dialogue. 

 

METHODS  

This research employs a qualitative design. Qualitative research is a study 

that employs a deductive and inductive approach. This approach proceeds from 

a theoretical framework, of experts' ideas, and a researcher's understanding 

based on experience that was thus developed into issues and solutions filed for 

justification (verification) in the report's empirical data support. 

Qualitative research methods emphasize the significance of individuals' 

subjective experiences and their process of assigning meaning, allowing for a 

comprehensive comprehension of a particular subject. Through inductive 

designs, these methods aim to elicit rich and descriptive data by exploring the 

various meanings individuals attribute to different aspects of their lives, 

including activities, situations, circumstances, people, and objects. While they 

can be employed for various research purposes, qualitative approaches are 

primarily used for exploratory or descriptive research. 

This research applies descriptive qualitative design. The descriptive 

qualitative design does not intend to find a new theory but to find new evidence 

to prove the theory. Qualitative research is descriptive in that the Writer is 



Examining The Illocutionary Acts in The Paddington Movie and Their Influence on Cultivating The Profile of Pancasila 
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interested in process, meaning and understanding gained through Words or 

pictures. The purpose of qualitative research is to understand something and 

specifically, not always looking for the cause and effect of something and to 

deepen comprehension about something that studied. 

Primary data is data taken from the main source of research. As for this 

study, data was taken from the main source Paddington Movie script published on 

February 2014. Secondary data is supporting data that complements the primary 

data source. Secondary data obtained from data sources other than primary data 

such as documents, data, books, and other sources related to research, such as 

movie identity and others. 

In this study researcher used documentation techniques. Documentation 

technique is a technique used in research related to past events in written form. 

Whether prepared for research or not. From this understanding we can conclude 

that the documentation technique is, first, written or movie recordings, secondly, 

contains events that have passed. 

Documentation comes from document words, which means written things. 

A documentary method means a way to collect data by recording existing data. 

It’s easier than other methods of data collection. A data-gathering technique with 

documentation is retrieval of data obtained through documents. By using 

documentation techniques researcher will obtain data in the form of movie 

scripts, Data collection techniques in the form of documents done by searching 

for data from primary sources, namely Paddington movie. 

This research used content analysis to analyze the data. Content analysis is 

one of numerous research methods used to analyze text data. Content analysis is 

defined as a research method for the subjective interpretation of the content of 

text data through the systematic classification of coding and identifying themes 

or patterns. 

The process of analyzing data using content analysis technique are: 

downloading Netflix application, downloading the movie script, watching the movie for 

several times, reading and comprehending book of Pancasila Student Profile, classifying 

the speech acts, looking for the impact of speech acts to build Pancasila Student Profile, 

drawing the conclusion as the result of research. 

 

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION  

The aforementioned table presents the categories of illocutionary acts 

present in the screenplay of the Paddington movie. The data reveals that there 

were a total of 53 illocutionary acts, comprising of 13 assertive, 21 directives, 3 

commissive, 15 expressive, and 1 declarative. 

 

 



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Table 1. Speech Acts Percentage 

No The Types of Illocutionary Act Frequency Percentage 

1. Assertive 13 24 % 

2. Directive 21 39,6 % 

3. Commissive 3 5,6 % 

4. Expressive 15 28 % 

5. Declarative 1 1,8 % 

Total 53 100 % 

 

The above table provides information that there are 53 illocutionary acts 

identified in the script of the Paddington movie. The script of the Paddington movie 

includes five distinct types of illocutionary acts, namely assertive, directives, 

commissive, expressive, and declaratives. The analysis of the script revealed that 

out of the total 53 illocutionary acts identified, 13 (24%) were assertive, 21 (39,6%) 

were directives, 3 (5,6%) were commissive, 15 (28%) were expressive, and only 1 

(1,8%) was declarative. The analysis of the script revealed that out of the total 53 

illocutionary acts identified, 13 (24%) were assertive, 21 (39,6%) were directives, 

3 (5,6%) were commissive, 15 (28%) were expressive, and only 1 (1,8%) was 

declarative.  

Illocutionary acts refer to the intended purpose of a spoken sentence, and a 

listener may be able to understand a meaning beyond the literal words that are 

spoken. "Illocutionary act" is often used in daily life because it contains sentences 

that convey real actions. The use of illocutionary acts can be observed in various 

forms of literature, such as songs, poems, and movies.  

There are five types of Illocutionary act found in Paddington movie, such 

assertive, directive, commissive, declarative, and expressive. 

a. Assertive 

Assertive is one type of illocutionary act that describing, complaining, 

informing, stating, claiming, criticizing, telling, assuring and saying includes 

as representative action.  

Below is assertive speech act found in the Paddington movie :  

1. “But, Uncle Pastuzo they’re ripe” 

2. A wise bear always keeps a marmalade sandwich in his hat in case of 

emergency” “That was boring.” 

3. “It’s a bathing pond.” 

4. “We’ll find him” 

5. “Not in my room. He’s a he” 



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6. “That’s never gonna be happen” 

7. “But there really was an explorer, Mrs. Brown. He gave my uncle this hat.” 

8. “Excuse me. Coming through.” 

9. Mr. Curry this is Paddington. He’s a Bear. 

10. “Something’s jamming the system” 

11. “This is our new car” 

12. “Thats never gonna be happen.” 

Among the assertive expressions above, there are several expressions 

that contain the values of the Pancasila student profile. The first is “We’ll find 

him”.  The expression can be considered an example of applying the 

principles of Pancasila in a student's profile. This is because the sentence 

encourages Paddington and the rest of the family to work together in finding 

an adventurous individual they once encountered in the past. 

Second, “We're going to win this race, we need to train”. And if we're 

going to train, we need to get wet This expression reflects an assertive 

illocutionary act, where Paddington encourages and motivates Mr. Brown to 

overcome his fear of water. It shows the importance of supporting and 

empowering others to face their fears and challenges, which is consistent with 

the Pancasila value of mutual assistance 

b. Directive 

Directive speech acts type of illocutionary act that convey the speaker's 

desires and are referred to as directives. The most common types of directives 

are commands, orders, requests, and suggestions. By using a directive, the 

speaker seeks to align the world with their words through the listener's 

actions. Directive speech acts include asking, commanding, warning and 

requesting, among others. Here are some examples about directive speech 

act.  

Below is directive speech act found in the Paddington movie:  

1. “Why do you have to come crashing in here like a natural disaster?” 

2. “Do calm down, You two. There's no need to rush”  

3. “Can I have the last sandwich?” 

4. “Earthquake! Get to the shelter!” 

5. “What we are going to do?” 

6. “Ok. I’ll just get it now. I’ll throw it down.” 

7. “Came on, you can’t all be having emergencies. Can you all just go away, 

please? I need to look presentable.” 

8. “I hope you don’t mind me asking. But shouldn’t you be at home?” 

9. “Shut up!” 



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10. “Come back!” 

11. “Could you keep those flowers away please?” 

12. “So, when can I come round your house?” “I got a friend who runs an 

antiques shop in the portobello Road. He knows all about old things like 

your hat.” 

13. “Aren’t you worried people will ask question?” 

14. “Mr. Brown you can trust me” 

15. “But Im going to need your help” 

16. Excuse me, could you help me please 

17. “If we're going to win this race, we need to train. And if we're going to 

train, we need to get wet” 

18. “You must always follow your instincts” 

Among the assertive expressions above, there are several expressions 

that contain the values of the Pancasila student profile . the first expressions 

is “Excuse me, could you help me please?”.  This expression reflects the value 

of global diversity in the Pancasila student profile, as it shows how 

Paddington is willing to adapt to the new environment by learning and using 

the English language. Furthermore, it demonstrates the importance of 

communication and cooperation between people from different cultures. The 

second one is “I hope you don’t mind me asking. But shouldn’t you be at 

home?” The expression is indeed in line with the Pancasila student profile 

point of "critical thinking." In this expression, Mrs. Brown finds it strange that 

a bear is wandering in the city because bears are supposed to live in the forest. 

As a student who practices the Pancasila student profile, one should think 

about the reasons behind such occurrences. This is precisely what is meant 

by having a critical thinking mindset.  The third expression is “Earthquake! 

get to the shelter!”. In the expression Paddington's father gives instructions 

to all family members to save themselves from the earthquake. This 

demonstrates alignment with the Pancasila student profile point of "working 

together," where the meaning of cooperation is working together to save 

oneself from natural disasters. Next expression is “I hope you don’t mind me 

asking. But shouldn’t you be at home?”  

The expression above is indeed in line with the Pancasila student 

profile point of "critical thinking." In this expression, Mrs. Brown finds it 

strange that a bear is wandering in the city because bears are supposed to 

live in the forest. As a student who practices the Pancasila student profile, 

one should think about the reasons behind such occurrences. This is precisely 

what is meant by having a critical thinking mindset. The fourth expression is  

"Excuse me, could you help me please?" This expression reflects the value of 

global diversity in the Pancasila student profile, as it shows how Paddington 



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is willing to adapt to the new environment by learning and using the English 

language. The last expression is "You must always follow your instincts," 

This illocutionary act expression promotes independence by encouraging 

individuals to trust their own judgment and make decisions based on their 

own instincts. 

c. Commissive 

Commissive is a type of Illocutionary act where the speakers can express 

what the speaker meaning and the speaker used to carry out them to do several 

actions in the future such as promising. Below are a few examples from 

Commissive speech act.  

1. “Always question, always doubt” 

2. “Oh, Paddington its incredible” 

3. I Will”  

Among the assertive expressions above, there are several expressions that 

contain the values of the Pancasila student profile. First, "Always question, 

always doubt," This illocutionary act expression promotes critical thinking by 

encouraging questioning and doubting, which are essential elements of critical 

thinking. The statement implies that one should not accept everything at face 

value but instead question and analyze the information to reach an informed 

conclusion. 

d. Declarative 

Declaratives are illocutionary acts by which the speaker is able to the state 

of affair in the world by the utterances. The speaker has to have institutional 

role in a specific context when employing these acts. The declaratives act may 

consist of baptizing, declaring, war, abdicating, dismissing, naming, resigning, 

and excommunicating. The example of declarative speech in Paddington 

movie is “Pa-dding-ton” 

e. Expressive 

Expressive speech act is the type of illocutionary that can state speakers 

feeling and psychological states such joy, pain, sorrow pleasure, like or dislike 

and etc. 

1. “And you Aunt Lucy’s recipe is even better that the Explorer’s” 

2. “Keep going !” 

3. “Beg your pardon?” 

4. “Hallo, Mr.Curry, im sorry if we disturb you” 

5. “Well done.” 

6. “I cant thank you enough.” 



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7. “Many apologies if I disturbed you” 

8. “This is never going to work” 

9. “You look very pretty” 

10. “That’s brilliant” 

11. “Thank you very much for having me to stay. You are a very lovely me.” 

12. “Thank you, God” 

13. God bless us, every one 

14. Don't worry Paddington, we'll find the zoo and sort everything out 

15. These are the best sandwiches I've ever tasted, Paddington. You really are 

a clever bear. 

Among the assertive expressions above, there are several expressions that 

contain the values of the Pancasila student profile. First expression is “Thank 

you, God”.  This illocutionary act expresses gratitude towards a higher power, 

which is in line with the belief in a single God emphasized by " Having faith, 

fear God Almighty and noble. Number second, “God bless us everyone”.  This 

illocutionary act expresses a wish for divine blessings on all those present, 

which also aligns with the value profile of " Having faith, fear God Almighty 

and noble." Number third "These are the best sandwiches I've ever tasted, 

Paddington. You really are a clever bear!" This statement shows an 

appreciative and admiring action towards Paddington's creativity and 

cooking skills. This example demonstrates how creativity can be expressed in 

everyday interactions and how Pancasila values such as creativity can be 

promoted through representation in popular media such as movies. It can 

provide understanding and real-life examples of how Pancasila values can be 

applied in daily life and expressed through illocutionary acts.  Last expression 

is "This is the best present I have ever received, Paddington. Your creativity 

and thoughtfulness never cease to amaze me." This statement shows an 

appreciative and admiring action towards Paddington's creativity and 

thoughtfulness in creating a special gift for his friend. This example 

demonstrates how creativity can be used to create meaningful and 

personalized gifts and how Pancasila values such as creativity and 

thoughtfulness can be promoted through representation in popular media 

such as movies. 

 

CONCLUSION 

From the analysis about illocutionary speech acts in Paddington movie and 

the impacts in building Pancasila Student Profile, there are five Illocutionary act 

types found in Paddington Movie based on theory of Searle that are assertive (an 

assertive speech act is a type of utterance that is intended to convey a proposition 

or statement that the speaker believes to be true), Directive (a directive speech 



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acts is a type of utterance that is intended to get the listener to do something), 

commissive (a commissive speech acts is a type of utterance that commits the 

speaker to a future action), expressive (expressive speech acts is a type of 

utterance that expresses the speaker's feelings or attitudes) and declarative 

(declarative sentence is a type of sentence that makes a statement or assertion 

about the world). In this research, Researcher found 53 utterances of illocutionary 

act. They are 13 assertive speech acts (24%), 21 directive speech acts (39,6%), 3 

commissive speech acts (5,6 %), 15 expressive speech acts (28%), and declarative 

speech acts (1,8%).  

 
 

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