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Vol. 2 No. 2, 2021 
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THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EFFECTIVE 
STRATEGY FOR PRACTICING EXTEMPORANEOUS 

SPEECH STYLE IN PUBLIC SPEAKING 
 

Novia Yulanda 
 

English Education Department 
Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training 

State Islamic Institute of Bukittinggi 

Noviajuanda27@gmail.com 

Abstract 
This research deals with public speaking class, especially in 
extemporaneous speech. The purpose of the research was to find out 
how was the effective strategy for practicing an impromptu speech in 
public speaking. The researcher applied a qualitative research 
approach. The technique of data collection was note-taking by 
collected data on books and journals. The data were analyzed using 
data reduction, data display, and drawing the conclusion. The results 
revealed that there are some effective strategies for practicing 
extemporaneous speech in public speaking. The introduction of the 
speech started from greeting the god, getting the attention and 
interest of the audience started by a familiar quote, telling a personal 
story to illustrate speech point, and revealing the topic to the 
audience. Strategies explaining the body of speech were to have a card 
note. It is used to write the point of the speech presents the main 
points and sub-points in the body of the speech. Establish eye contact 
with the audience into speaker opening words, vocal and visual 
gestures in perform, and make sure the speech has the desired impact 
on the audience, testimony quotes from expert statements to support 
the conversation. Then, strategies concluding the speech began the 
conclusion with a restatement of the speaker's message by using 
positive words to the audience, praise and thanks to the audience, 
closing with an entertaining sentence or anecdote, chant rhymes, and 
chant rhymes and short poems. 

Keywords: Speech Delivery Style, Student Perform, Public Speaking 

INTRODUCTION 
Public speaking is one of the most practical classes will ever take, and 

often may be required to give presentations in other classes, and this course 
helps prepare you for that. Effective speaking skills give a tremendous 

mailto:Noviajuanda27@gmail.com


 

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advantage at work too. Overall, public speaking ability helps the speaker 
become a more active member of the community, allows the speaker to 
participate more fully in organizations you belong, and boosts the speaker's 
self confidence in both personal and professional contexts, It is no wonder 
that so many college graduates say public speaking was one of the most 
beneficial classes they took in school (Stephen, 2013). 

Speaking skill is one of the important skills that must be mastered by 
the learners in learning English. Through speaking, speaker learns how to 
speak English easier because there are friends who can be their pairs to 
practice speaking English (Maxom, 2010). When speaker speaks, they 
interact and use the language to express their ideas and feelings. Speaking is 
not only remembering and memorizing the sentence, but speaking is 
spontaneous to show the speaker's idea orally. 

Delivering your speech notes to remind you of the points you intend to 
cover. The notes should consist of key words or phrases, rather than 
complete sentences and paragraphs. This way, when you are in front of the 
audience, you will tell them what you know about the topic in your own 
words. Prepare your notes by writing or printing key terms and phrases on 
index cards or sheets of paper. Some instructors require students to use 
index cards because they are small and unobtrusive, do not rustle or flop 
over, and can be held in one hand, which allows the speaker to gesture more 
easily. Other teachers recommend sheets of paper because you can get more 
information on them and because it is easier to print out computer files on 
paper. 

Speech is a series of speaking activities carried out in front of the 
general public or giving speeches in a statement of opinion, or giving an 
overview of something. Speeches can be made by several methods, 
introduction Importu is a method of speech which is done without prior 
preparation, Memoriter is a method of making speeches by memorizing the 
text script first, Manuscript is a method of giving a speech which is done by 
reading the text during the speech, Extemporaneous is a method of giving a 
speech, where the big concept of the speech will be conveyed during the 
speech. To become a good speaker and attract the audience, every speaker 
has a method in delivering a speech, one of which is the extemporaneous 
style is the most ideal style used by the speaker when delivering a speech. 

Extemporaneous speaking is the art of giving speeches on the spot 
without notes or memorization relying only on the speaker’s depth of 
knowledge and their ability to explain what they know in a coherent, 
engaging manner. As a category of forensics competition, extemporaneous 
speaking or “extemp” as it is commonly known is the manifestation of 
public speaking skills in their purest form without the support of notes or 
memorization, the speaker is on her own when she is in front of an 



 

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audience, with only her memory, knowledge, and command of language to 
aid her. 

Extemporaneous method requires you to know the content of your 
speech quite well. In fact, when you use this method properly, you become 
so familiar with the substance of your talk that you need only a few brief 
extemporaneous speech a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is 
presented from a brief set of notes. Your first speech provides a foundation 
for speeches you will give later. As you develop your skills of 
extemporaneous speaking, you will find yourself able to speak confidently 
and with strong eye contact in class and out. 

Speech has a part were introduction of the speech, explaining the body 
of speech and concluding the speech.  The research aimed at know about 
how was the effective strategic for practicing extemporaneous speech in 
public speaking so the researchers conducted an observation study, 
observing visits to the journal and book sites related to the study title to 
obtain data sources. The first observation was made in mid October 2020 
through November 2020, with such an observation earned important points 
on the issue of public speaking. 

Based on the data that researchers got in the journal, the problem in 
opening the speech is the speaker difficulty in determining the titles of an 
interesting speech, the speaker difficulty in starting the opening of the 
speech in order for audience to be interested in listening. The problem in 
delivering a speech is difficulty in developing the content of a speech, 
delivering the content of a speech by reading, not using the media or props 
for delivering a speech, grounding and being afraid to miss the part. The 
problem with closing a speech is the difficulty in drawing a conclusion 
because it does not understand the content of the speech (Husna, 2012). 

Based on the data, the problem with opening a speech was a lack of 
confidence when it comes to the public; the problem with delivering a 
speech was a poor choice of wording which was unflattering (Edo, 2012). 
The problem with opening a speech was the difficulty of finding an 
interesting idea, the stage of the delivery of a speech was the lack of 
confidence to appear in public because of not understanding the content of 
the speech (Rizki, 2019). 

Based on the explanation above, the reasons of the researcher are 
interested in this research, that the researcher wants to provide a better 
understanding about the effective strategy for practicing extemporaneously 
speech style in public speaking.  

There are some studies related to this research. The researcher found 
some researches that are observe by some researcher as follow. First, the 
thesis conducted by Hoverove with the title “Element of Public Speaking 
Tools of building an Effective Speech”. The study revealed that the effective 



 

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speech is not only to create good speech which is clearly organized, 
supported by supporting material and completed by usage of lexical and 
syntactical items which will make the speech more vivid, but even more 
important part of the speech is way how the speech is said and the proper 
usage of nonverbal communication and vocal delivery (Hoverove, 2012). 

Second, “L2 Speaking Strategies Employed By Indonesian EFL Tertiary 
Students Across Proficiency And Gender” written by Wahyuni. The research 
concluded that speaking proficiency and gender significantly affected the 
use of affective strategies only. The study also demonstrated that the 
students used strategies consciously, confidently, effortfully, or persistently 
because of the usefulness of the strategies or pleasure in using them 
(Wahyuni, 2013).  

Third, “A Correlational Study between Students Speaking Ability and 
Students’ Self Concept at the Tenth Grade Students of SMKN 1 
Payakumbuh in Academic Year of 2010/2011” written by Astuti. The result 
showed that r = 0,81. It means that there was no correlation between 
students’ speaking ability and students’ self-concept at the ten grade 
students of SMKN 1 Payakumbuh in Academic Year of 2010/2011 (Astuti, 
2011). 

 
METHOD 

Data collection techniques will be taken from the data source. The data 
source intended in this research is the goal from which data can be obtained. 
If the researcher uses documentation, then the documentation or notes are 
the source of data. While the contents are notes of research subjects or 
research variables (Suharsimi, 2006).  The source of data used: 

a. Primary Data 
Primary data is data get from the first source in the form of a library that 

contains new scientific knowledge or new understanding of facts or ideas 
directly. Primary data sources are data sought by researchers and data 
obtained directly from research subject. And this primary data is also called 
first data (Saifuddin, 2009). 
b. Secondary 

While secondary data is source that cannot provide information directly 
to the data collector. Secondary data source is data obtained from other 
parties. Not directly obtained by research subject. In other words, secondary 
data is supporting data from primary data or firsthand data. Secondary from 
this research will take various source such as books, journal. 

Technique of data analysis from this research uses content analysis. 
Qualitative studies are used to technique data analysis by content analysis 
with the conceptual zone. Initially the words are gathered into common 
reference elements so that is so simple for construct concept. The concept is 



 

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hoped to adjustment the contents or messages of the work comprehensively 
(Saifuddin, 2009). The steps applied in analyzing data are: 
1. Data Reduction 

In the process of reducing and summarizing, the data will record and 
summarize by taking important things that reveal the theme of the problem. 
Then notes have been obtained in the field with the description, the result of 
the construction is arranged in the form of reflection. Reports that need to be 
reduced, summarized, sorted out the main things, focus on things that are 
important, looking for themes or patterns. 
2. Display Data 

Data display categorizes the unit of analysis based on the focus and 
aspect of the problem under research, or data that is stacked, thick reports 
by itself will be difficult to see the overall picture to draw agree with the 
conclusions. 
3. Drawing Conclusion 

The final step is to conclude the data that allows the validity of the 
result obtained from the research. From the beginning the researcher must 
try to find the meaning of the data collected. From the data obtained, the 
researcher tries to draw conclusions that are usually still vague, doubtful. 
But, with increasing data the conclusion will be clearer. So, conclusion must 
always be verified throughout the research. 

 
FINDINGS AND DICUSSION 

The extemporaneous method was a speech that is based on 
preparation, but the speaker presents his or her ideas freely by only using an 
outline or keywords. It is a carefully planned and well-prepared speech; 
extemporaneous speech style is an ideal method of speech because most 
speakers use extemporaneous speech style. Speakers need to practice so that 
the preparation, the extemporaneous speech style had a strategy for practice 
extemporaneous speech style in public speaking. 

Based on the findings of this research, the research also aimed to 
present research questions that have been answered due to the result of this 
research. To answer the research question, the researcher conducted 
descriptive qualitative research to analyse the phenomena to found detailed 
information. The data source of this research was from books and journal. 

According to the research question how was the effective strategy for 
practicing extemporaneous speech in public speaking, it can be concluded 
from the three elements of speech (introduction, explaining, and 
concluding). Based on the data from the book strategy to introduction the 
speech was to need an index card, get attention and interest the audience 
with a familiar quote, introduced controversial issues, don’t talk too soon, 
establish a connection with the particular audience. The strategy to explain 



 

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the body of speech was using an index card to write the keyword, eye 
contact speaker with an audience, (vocal, volume, pronunciation, body 
language), share ideas from the expert or practitioners, and show the 
statistic. The strategy to concluding the speech was to leave the final 
impression, summarize your speech and provide closure, signalling the end 
of your speech and motivating the audience to respond. 

Based on the data from the journal strategy to introduction the speech 
was Start greeting to the god, get the audience's attention with a quotation 
so that the audience is interested in hearing the speech until the end. The 
strategy to explain the speech was to explain the content of the speech which 
is supported by facts, can be a story which is referred to as an illustration, 
analogy to compare two things to find similarities or differences, testimony 
quotes from expert statements to support the conversation, statistic, the 
numbers are used to show the comparison of cases in a certain type, 
repetition which functions to remember again with a different presentation.  

So, the research result showed that the effective strategy for practicing 
the extemporaneous speech in public speaking in introduction of the speech 
started greeting to the god, get attention and interest of the audience start by 
a familiar quote, tell a personal story to illustrate speech point, and reveal 
the topic to the audience. Strategies explaining the body of speech was has a 
card note to write the point of the speech, presents the main points and sub-
points in the body of the speech, establish eye contact with the audience into 
speaker opening words, vocal and visual gesture in perform, give chance to 
make sure the speech has the desired impact to the audience, testimony 
quotes from expert statements to support the conversation. Strategies the 
concluding of the speech began the conclusion with a restatement of the 
speaker's message by used positive words to the audience, words of praise 
and thanks to the audience, closing with an entertaining sentence or 
anecdote, chant rhymes, and short poems. 

CONCLUSION 
According to the finding are investigated by the researcher toward the 

research question, how was an effective strategy for practicing 
extemporaneous speech in public speaking. There are some effective 
strategies for practicing the extemporaneous speech in public speaking. The 
introduction of the speech started from greeting the god, getting the 
attention and interest of the audience started by a familiar quote, telling a 
personal story to illustrate speech point, and revealing the topic to the 
audience.  Besides, to arrange the body of the speech can use a card note. 
Establish eye contact with the audience into speaker opening words, vocal 
and visual gestures in perform, and make sure the speech has the desired 
impact on the audience. Then, strategies concluding the speech began the 



 

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conclusion with a restatement of the speaker’s message by using positive 
words to the audience. The closing takes no more than 5 to 10 percent of the 
speech. 

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