id sid tid token lemma pos emaj-38 1 1 microsoft microsoft PROPN emaj-38 1 2 word word PROPN emaj-38 1 3 emaj emaj NOUN emaj-38 1 4 - - PUNCT emaj-38 1 5 çelik çelik NOUN emaj-38 1 6 35-56.docx 35-56.docx NUM emaj-38 1 7     SPACE emaj-38 1 8 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 1 9 1 1 NUM emaj-38 1 10 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 1 11 2012)| 2012)| NUM emaj-38 1 12 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 1 13 - - PUNCT emaj-38 1 14 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 1 15 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 1 16 online online NOUN emaj-38 1 17 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 1 18 | | ADV emaj-38 1 19 doi doi X emaj-38 1 20 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 1 21 / / SYM emaj-38 1 22 emaj.2012.15 emaj.2012.15 NOUN emaj-38 1 23 | | ADV emaj-38 1 24 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu VERB emaj-38 1 25 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 1 26 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 1 27 to to ADP emaj-38 1 28 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 1 29 in in ADP emaj-38 1 30 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 1 31 ahmet ahmet PROPN emaj-38 1 32 alkan alkan PROPN emaj-38 1 33 çeli̇k çeli̇k PROPN emaj-38 1 34 , , PUNCT emaj-38 1 35 phd phd NOUN emaj-38 1 36 . . PUNCT emaj-38 2 1 abstract abstract PROPN emaj-38 2 2 the the DET emaj-38 2 3 literature literature NOUN emaj-38 2 4 on on ADP emaj-38 2 5 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 2 6 change change NOUN emaj-38 2 7 in in ADP emaj-38 2 8 the the DET emaj-38 2 9 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 2 10 region region PROPN emaj-38 2 11 had have AUX emaj-38 2 12 claimed claim VERB emaj-38 2 13 the the DET emaj-38 2 14 occurrence occurrence NOUN emaj-38 2 15 of of ADP emaj-38 2 16 political political ADJ emaj-38 2 17 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 2 18 and and CCONJ emaj-38 2 19 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 2 20 during during ADP emaj-38 2 21 the the DET emaj-38 2 22 1990s 1990s NUM emaj-38 2 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 2 24 foreseeing foresee VERB emaj-38 2 25 a a DET emaj-38 2 26 transition transition NOUN emaj-38 2 27 from from ADP emaj-38 2 28 the the DET emaj-38 2 29 dominant dominant ADJ emaj-38 2 30 authoritarianism authoritarianism NOUN emaj-38 2 31 in in ADP emaj-38 2 32 the the DET emaj-38 2 33 region region NOUN emaj-38 2 34 to to ADP emaj-38 2 35 politically politically ADV emaj-38 2 36 more more ADV emaj-38 2 37 liberal liberal ADJ emaj-38 2 38 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 2 39 . . PUNCT emaj-38 3 1 these these DET emaj-38 3 2 analyses analysis NOUN emaj-38 3 3 neglect neglect VERB emaj-38 3 4 the the DET emaj-38 3 5 state state NOUN emaj-38 3 6 of of ADP emaj-38 3 7 permanent permanent ADJ emaj-38 3 8 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 3 9 political political ADJ emaj-38 3 10 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 3 11 with with ADP emaj-38 3 12 the the DET emaj-38 3 13 centralized centralized ADJ emaj-38 3 14 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 3 15 power power NOUN emaj-38 3 16 and and CCONJ emaj-38 3 17 their their PRON emaj-38 3 18 role role NOUN emaj-38 3 19 as as ADP emaj-38 3 20 periphery periphery ADJ emaj-38 3 21 states state NOUN emaj-38 3 22 in in ADP emaj-38 3 23 the the DET emaj-38 3 24 world world NOUN emaj-38 3 25 system system NOUN emaj-38 3 26 . . PUNCT emaj-38 4 1 in in ADP emaj-38 4 2 this this DET emaj-38 4 3 paper paper NOUN emaj-38 4 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 4 5 we we PRON emaj-38 4 6 have have AUX emaj-38 4 7 reassessed reassess VERB emaj-38 4 8 the the DET emaj-38 4 9 existing exist VERB emaj-38 4 10 literature literature NOUN emaj-38 4 11 on on ADP emaj-38 4 12 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 4 13 change change NOUN emaj-38 4 14 in in ADP emaj-38 4 15 the the DET emaj-38 4 16 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 4 17 region region PROPN emaj-38 4 18 taking take VERB emaj-38 4 19 into into ADP emaj-38 4 20 account account NOUN emaj-38 4 21 the the DET emaj-38 4 22 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 4 23 and and CCONJ emaj-38 4 24 political political ADJ emaj-38 4 25 impacts impact NOUN emaj-38 4 26 of of ADP emaj-38 4 27 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 4 28 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 4 29 , , PUNCT emaj-38 4 30 with with ADP emaj-38 4 31 a a DET emaj-38 4 32 close close ADJ emaj-38 4 33 look look NOUN emaj-38 4 34 at at ADP emaj-38 4 35 the the DET emaj-38 4 36 countries country NOUN emaj-38 4 37 in in ADP emaj-38 4 38 the the DET emaj-38 4 39 region region NOUN emaj-38 4 40 where where SCONJ emaj-38 4 41 popular popular ADJ emaj-38 4 42 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 4 43 took take VERB emaj-38 4 44 place place NOUN emaj-38 4 45 to to PART emaj-38 4 46 overthrow overthrow VERB emaj-38 4 47 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 4 48 leaders leader NOUN emaj-38 4 49 during during ADP emaj-38 4 50 the the DET emaj-38 4 51 first first ADJ emaj-38 4 52 half half NOUN emaj-38 4 53 of of ADP emaj-38 4 54 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 4 55 . . PUNCT emaj-38 5 1 we we PRON emaj-38 5 2 have have AUX emaj-38 5 3 followed follow VERB emaj-38 5 4 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 5 5 's 's PART emaj-38 5 6 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 5 7 2002 2002 NUM emaj-38 5 8 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 5 9 method method NOUN emaj-38 5 10 of of ADP emaj-38 5 11 classification classification NOUN emaj-38 5 12 and and CCONJ emaj-38 5 13 comparative comparative ADJ emaj-38 5 14 approach approach NOUN emaj-38 5 15 in in ADP emaj-38 5 16 order order NOUN emaj-38 5 17 to to PART emaj-38 5 18 pinpoint pinpoint VERB emaj-38 5 19 a a DET emaj-38 5 20 correlation correlation NOUN emaj-38 5 21 between between ADP emaj-38 5 22 the the DET emaj-38 5 23 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 5 24 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 5 25 's 's PART emaj-38 5 26 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 5 27 power power NOUN emaj-38 5 28 based base VERB emaj-38 5 29 on on ADP emaj-38 5 30 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 5 31 allocation allocation NOUN emaj-38 5 32 , , PUNCT emaj-38 5 33 its its PRON emaj-38 5 34 political political ADJ emaj-38 5 35 dominance dominance NOUN emaj-38 5 36 and and CCONJ emaj-38 5 37 the the DET emaj-38 5 38 leaders leader NOUN emaj-38 5 39 ' ' PART emaj-38 5 40 role role NOUN emaj-38 5 41 in in ADP emaj-38 5 42 neo neo ADJ emaj-38 5 43 - - ADJ emaj-38 5 44 liberal liberal ADJ emaj-38 5 45 global global ADJ emaj-38 5 46 political political ADJ emaj-38 5 47 economy economy NOUN emaj-38 5 48 . . PUNCT emaj-38 6 1 this this DET emaj-38 6 2 work work NOUN emaj-38 6 3 is be AUX emaj-38 6 4 licensed license VERB emaj-38 6 5 under under ADP emaj-38 6 6 a a DET emaj-38 6 7 creative creative ADJ emaj-38 6 8 commons common NOUN emaj-38 6 9 attribution attribution NOUN emaj-38 6 10 - - PUNCT emaj-38 6 11 noncommercial noncommercial ADJ emaj-38 6 12 - - PUNCT emaj-38 6 13 no no NOUN emaj-38 6 14 derivative derivative NOUN emaj-38 6 15 works work VERB emaj-38 6 16 3.0 3.0 NUM emaj-38 6 17 united united ADJ emaj-38 6 18 states states PROPN emaj-38 6 19 license license NOUN emaj-38 6 20 . . PUNCT emaj-38 7 1 this this DET emaj-38 7 2 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 7 3 is be AUX emaj-38 7 4 published publish VERB emaj-38 7 5 by by ADP emaj-38 7 6 the the DET emaj-38 7 7 university university NOUN emaj-38 7 8 library library NOUN emaj-38 7 9 system system NOUN emaj-38 7 10 of of ADP emaj-38 7 11 the the DET emaj-38 7 12 university university PROPN emaj-38 7 13 of of ADP emaj-38 7 14 pittsburgh pittsburgh PROPN emaj-38 7 15 as as ADP emaj-38 7 16 part part NOUN emaj-38 7 17 of of ADP emaj-38 7 18 its its PRON emaj-38 7 19 d d NOUN emaj-38 7 20 - - PUNCT emaj-38 7 21 scribe scribe VERB emaj-38 7 22 digital digital ADJ emaj-38 7 23 publishing publishing NOUN emaj-38 7 24 program program NOUN emaj-38 7 25 , , PUNCT emaj-38 7 26 and and CCONJ emaj-38 7 27 is be AUX emaj-38 7 28 cosponsored cosponsor VERB emaj-38 7 29 by by ADP emaj-38 7 30 the the DET emaj-38 7 31 university university PROPN emaj-38 7 32 of of ADP emaj-38 7 33 pittsburgh pittsburgh PROPN emaj-38 7 34 press press NOUN emaj-38 7 35 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 7 36 3 3 NUM emaj-38 7 37 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 7 38 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 7 39 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 7 40 | | ADV emaj-38 8 1 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 8 2 - - PUNCT emaj-38 8 3 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 8 4 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 8 5 online online NOUN emaj-38 8 6 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 8 7 | | ADV emaj-38 8 8 doi doi X emaj-38 8 9 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 8 10 / / SYM emaj-38 8 11 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 8 12 | | ADV emaj-38 8 13 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu VERB emaj-38 8 14         SPACE emaj-38 8 15 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 8 16 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 8 17 to to ADP emaj-38 8 18 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 8 19 in in ADP emaj-38 8 20 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 8 21 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 8 22 markets market NOUN emaj-38 8 23 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 8 24 | | ADV emaj-38 8 25 p p NOUN emaj-38 8 26 a a DET emaj-38 8 27 g g NOUN emaj-38 8 28 e e NOUN emaj-38 8 29 | | ADV emaj-38 8 30 35 35 NUM emaj-38 8 31 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 8 32 3 3 NUM emaj-38 8 33 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 8 34 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 8 35 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 8 36 | | ADV emaj-38 8 37 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 8 38 - - PUNCT emaj-38 8 39 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 8 40 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 8 41 online online NOUN emaj-38 8 42 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 8 43 | | ADV emaj-38 8 44 doi doi X emaj-38 8 45 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 8 46 / / SYM emaj-38 8 47 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 8 48 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu X emaj-38 8 49 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 8 50 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 8 51 to to ADP emaj-38 8 52 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 8 53 in in ADP emaj-38 8 54 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 8 55 ahmet ahmet PROPN emaj-38 8 56 alkan alkan PROPN emaj-38 8 57 çeli̇k çeli̇k PROPN emaj-38 8 58 , , PUNCT emaj-38 8 59 phd phd NOUN emaj-38 8 60 . . PUNCT emaj-38 8 61     SPACE emaj-38 8 62 introduction introduction NOUN emaj-38 8 63 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 8 64 east east PROPN emaj-38 8 65 and and CCONJ emaj-38 8 66 north north PROPN emaj-38 8 67 africa africa PROPN emaj-38 8 68 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 8 69 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 8 70 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 8 71 is be AUX emaj-38 8 72 the the DET emaj-38 8 73 only only ADJ emaj-38 8 74 region region NOUN emaj-38 8 75 in in ADP emaj-38 8 76 the the DET emaj-38 8 77 world world NOUN emaj-38 8 78 in in ADP emaj-38 8 79 which which PRON emaj-38 8 80 most most ADJ emaj-38 8 81 of of ADP emaj-38 8 82 the the DET emaj-38 8 83 states state NOUN emaj-38 8 84 have have VERB emaj-38 8 85 different different ADJ emaj-38 8 86 types type NOUN emaj-38 8 87 ofauthoritarian ofauthoritarian ADJ emaj-38 8 88 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 8 89 and and CCONJ emaj-38 8 90 have have AUX emaj-38 8 91 not not PART emaj-38 8 92 experienced experience VERB emaj-38 8 93 a a DET emaj-38 8 94 transition transition NOUN emaj-38 8 95 to to ADP emaj-38 8 96 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 8 97 for for ADP emaj-38 8 98 the the DET emaj-38 8 99 last last ADJ emaj-38 8 100 four four NUM emaj-38 8 101 decades decade NOUN emaj-38 8 102 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 8 103 in in ADP emaj-38 8 104 other other ADJ emaj-38 8 105 words word NOUN emaj-38 8 106 since since SCONJ emaj-38 8 107 decolonization decolonization NOUN emaj-38 8 108 of of ADP emaj-38 8 109 the the DET emaj-38 8 110 states state NOUN emaj-38 8 111 . . PUNCT emaj-38 9 1 on on ADP emaj-38 9 2 the the DET emaj-38 9 3 other other ADJ emaj-38 9 4 hand hand NOUN emaj-38 9 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 9 6 states state NOUN emaj-38 9 7 of of ADP emaj-38 9 8 the the DET emaj-38 9 9 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 9 10 region region PROPN emaj-38 9 11 control control PROPN emaj-38 9 12 almost almost ADV emaj-38 9 13 two two NUM emaj-38 9 14 third third NOUN emaj-38 9 15 of of ADP emaj-38 9 16 proven proven ADJ emaj-38 9 17 world world NOUN emaj-38 9 18 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 9 19 reserves reserve NOUN emaj-38 9 20 while while SCONJ emaj-38 9 21 growth growth NOUN emaj-38 9 22 of of ADP emaj-38 9 23 local local ADJ emaj-38 9 24 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 9 25 is be AUX emaj-38 9 26 not not PART emaj-38 9 27 significant significant ADJ emaj-38 9 28 . . PUNCT emaj-38 10 1 western western ADJ emaj-38 10 2 institutions institution NOUN emaj-38 10 3 use use VERB emaj-38 10 4 big big ADJ emaj-38 10 5 sums sum NOUN emaj-38 10 6 of of ADP emaj-38 10 7 funding funding NOUN emaj-38 10 8 to to PART emaj-38 10 9 conduct conduct VERB emaj-38 10 10 researches research NOUN emaj-38 10 11 for for ADP emaj-38 10 12 implementing implement VERB emaj-38 10 13 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 10 14 for for ADP emaj-38 10 15 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 10 16 and and CCONJ emaj-38 10 17 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 10 18 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 10 19 in in ADP emaj-38 10 20 the the DET emaj-38 10 21 region region NOUN emaj-38 10 22 while while SCONJ emaj-38 10 23 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 10 24 money money NOUN emaj-38 10 25 flows flow VERB emaj-38 10 26 to to ADP emaj-38 10 27 the the DET emaj-38 10 28 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 10 29 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 10 30 of of ADP emaj-38 10 31 the the DET emaj-38 10 32 region region NOUN emaj-38 10 33 for for ADP emaj-38 10 34 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 10 35 development development NOUN emaj-38 10 36 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 10 37 . . PUNCT emaj-38 11 1 the the DET emaj-38 11 2 attempts attempt NOUN emaj-38 11 3 for for ADP emaj-38 11 4 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 11 5 in in ADP emaj-38 11 6 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 11 7 have have AUX emaj-38 11 8 supposed suppose VERB emaj-38 11 9 that that SCONJ emaj-38 11 10 the the DET emaj-38 11 11 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 11 12 change change VERB emaj-38 11 13 with with ADP emaj-38 11 14 fair fair ADJ emaj-38 11 15 distribution distribution NOUN emaj-38 11 16 of of ADP emaj-38 11 17 income income NOUN emaj-38 11 18 would would AUX emaj-38 11 19 happen happen VERB emaj-38 11 20 from from ADP emaj-38 11 21 top top NOUN emaj-38 11 22 to to ADP emaj-38 11 23 bottom bottom NOUN emaj-38 11 24 . . PUNCT emaj-38 12 1 existing exist VERB emaj-38 12 2 literature literature NOUN emaj-38 12 3 on on ADP emaj-38 12 4 rentierism rentierism NOUN emaj-38 12 5 in in ADP emaj-38 12 6 the the DET emaj-38 12 7 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 12 8 region region PROPN emaj-38 12 9 provides provide VERB emaj-38 12 10 us we PRON emaj-38 12 11 with with ADP emaj-38 12 12 different different ADJ emaj-38 12 13 approaches approach NOUN emaj-38 12 14 to to PART emaj-38 12 15 find find VERB emaj-38 12 16 a a DET emaj-38 12 17 correlation correlation NOUN emaj-38 12 18 between between ADP emaj-38 12 19 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 12 20 political political ADJ emaj-38 12 21 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 12 22 and and CCONJ emaj-38 12 23 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 12 24 dependence dependence NOUN emaj-38 12 25 on on ADP emaj-38 12 26 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 12 27 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 12 28 gained gain VERB emaj-38 12 29 from from ADP emaj-38 12 30 the the DET emaj-38 12 31 export export NOUN emaj-38 12 32 of of ADP emaj-38 12 33 natural natural ADJ emaj-38 12 34 resources resource NOUN emaj-38 12 35 . . PUNCT emaj-38 13 1 in in ADP emaj-38 13 2 their their PRON emaj-38 13 3 discussions discussion NOUN emaj-38 13 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 13 5 while while SCONJ emaj-38 13 6 some some DET emaj-38 13 7 academics academic NOUN emaj-38 13 8 have have AUX emaj-38 13 9 been be AUX emaj-38 13 10 trying try VERB emaj-38 13 11 to to PART emaj-38 13 12 prove prove VERB emaj-38 13 13 the the DET emaj-38 13 14 existence existence NOUN emaj-38 13 15 of of ADP emaj-38 13 16 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 13 17 curse curse NOUN emaj-38 13 18 in in ADP emaj-38 13 19 empirical empirical ADJ emaj-38 13 20 and and CCONJ emaj-38 13 21 theoretical theoretical ADJ emaj-38 13 22 frameworks framework NOUN emaj-38 13 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 13 24 the the DET emaj-38 13 25 others other NOUN emaj-38 13 26 have have AUX emaj-38 13 27 argued argue VERB emaj-38 13 28 the the DET emaj-38 13 29 other other ADJ emaj-38 13 30 way way NOUN emaj-38 13 31 around around ADV emaj-38 13 32 based base VERB emaj-38 13 33 on on ADP emaj-38 13 34 sole sole ADJ emaj-38 13 35 empirical empirical ADJ emaj-38 13 36 datasets dataset NOUN emaj-38 13 37 . . PUNCT emaj-38 14 1 by by ADP emaj-38 14 2 the the DET emaj-38 14 3 end end NOUN emaj-38 14 4 of of ADP emaj-38 14 5 year year NOUN emaj-38 14 6 2010 2010 NUM emaj-38 14 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 14 8 popular popular ADJ emaj-38 14 9 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 14 10 started start VERB emaj-38 14 11 to to PART emaj-38 14 12 occur occur VERB emaj-38 14 13 in in ADP emaj-38 14 14 the the DET emaj-38 14 15 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 14 16 countries country NOUN emaj-38 14 17 of of ADP emaj-38 14 18 the the DET emaj-38 14 19 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 14 20 region region PROPN emaj-38 14 21 demanding demand VERB emaj-38 14 22 a a DET emaj-38 14 23 revolution revolution NOUN emaj-38 14 24 for for ADP emaj-38 14 25 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 14 26 change change NOUN emaj-38 14 27 . . PUNCT emaj-38 15 1 sparked spark VERB emaj-38 15 2 by by ADP emaj-38 15 3 the the DET emaj-38 15 4 tunisian tunisian ADJ emaj-38 15 5 protests protest NOUN emaj-38 15 6 that that PRON emaj-38 15 7 have have AUX emaj-38 15 8 started start VERB emaj-38 15 9 in in ADP emaj-38 15 10 december december PROPN emaj-38 15 11 2010 2010 NUM emaj-38 15 12 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 15 13 kareem kareem PROPN emaj-38 15 14 , , PUNCT emaj-38 15 15 2001 2001 NUM emaj-38 15 16 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 15 17 , , PUNCT emaj-38 15 18 popular popular ADJ emaj-38 15 19 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 15 20 have have AUX emaj-38 15 21 spread spread VERB emaj-38 15 22 to to ADP emaj-38 15 23 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 15 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 15 25 syria syria PROPN emaj-38 15 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 15 27 yemen yemen PROPN emaj-38 15 28 , , PUNCT emaj-38 15 29 algeria algeria PROPN emaj-38 15 30 , , PUNCT emaj-38 15 31 bahrein bahrein PROPN emaj-38 15 32 , , PUNCT emaj-38 15 33 jordan jordan PROPN emaj-38 15 34 and and CCONJ emaj-38 15 35 libya libya PROPN emaj-38 15 36 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 15 37 the the DET emaj-38 15 38 latter latter NOUN emaj-38 15 39 of of ADP emaj-38 15 40 which which PRON emaj-38 15 41 has have AUX emaj-38 15 42 transformed transform VERB emaj-38 15 43 into into ADP emaj-38 15 44 a a DET emaj-38 15 45 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 15 46 war war NOUN emaj-38 15 47 . . PUNCT emaj-38 16 1 all all DET emaj-38 16 2 these these DET emaj-38 16 3 countries country NOUN emaj-38 16 4 of of ADP emaj-38 16 5 the the DET emaj-38 16 6 same same ADJ emaj-38 16 7 region region NOUN emaj-38 16 8 have have VERB emaj-38 16 9 a a DET emaj-38 16 10 commonality commonality NOUN emaj-38 16 11 : : PUNCT emaj-38 16 12 their their PRON emaj-38 16 13 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 16 14 are be AUX emaj-38 16 15 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 16 16 on on ADP emaj-38 16 17 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 16 18 rents rent NOUN emaj-38 16 19 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 16 20 from from ADP emaj-38 16 21 natural natural ADJ emaj-38 16 22 resources resource NOUN emaj-38 16 23 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 16 24 financial financial ADJ emaj-38 16 25 times time NOUN emaj-38 16 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 16 27 2011)or 2011)or NUM emaj-38 16 28 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 16 29 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 16 30 equivalents equivalent NOUN emaj-38 16 31 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 16 32 from from ADP emaj-38 16 33 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 16 34 money money NOUN emaj-38 16 35 and and CCONJ emaj-38 16 36 financial financial ADJ emaj-38 16 37 support support NOUN emaj-38 16 38 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 16 39 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 16 40 , , PUNCT emaj-38 16 41 2006)which 2006)which NUM emaj-38 16 42 provide provide VERB emaj-38 16 43 most most ADJ emaj-38 16 44 of of ADP emaj-38 16 45 the the DET emaj-38 16 46 export export NOUN emaj-38 16 47 earnings earning NOUN emaj-38 16 48 and and CCONJ emaj-38 16 49 state state NOUN emaj-38 16 50 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 16 51 . . PUNCT emaj-38 17 1 in in ADP emaj-38 17 2 this this DET emaj-38 17 3 paper paper NOUN emaj-38 17 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 17 5 the the DET emaj-38 17 6 literature literature NOUN emaj-38 17 7 is be AUX emaj-38 17 8 revisited revisit VERB emaj-38 17 9 with with ADP emaj-38 17 10 a a DET emaj-38 17 11 close close ADJ emaj-38 17 12 look look NOUN emaj-38 17 13 at at ADP emaj-38 17 14 the the DET emaj-38 17 15 current current ADJ emaj-38 17 16 anti anti ADJ emaj-38 17 17 - - ADJ emaj-38 17 18 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 17 19 popular popular ADJ emaj-38 17 20 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 17 21 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 17 22 a.k.a a.k.a INTJ emaj-38 17 23 . . PROPN emaj-38 17 24 arab arab PROPN emaj-38 17 25 spring spring PROPN emaj-38 17 26 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 17 27 in in ADP emaj-38 17 28 the the DET emaj-38 17 29 region region NOUN emaj-38 17 30 and and CCONJ emaj-38 17 31 the the DET emaj-38 17 32 major major ADJ emaj-38 17 33 role role NOUN emaj-38 17 34 of of ADP emaj-38 17 35 external external ADJ emaj-38 17 36 actors actor NOUN emaj-38 17 37 in in ADP emaj-38 17 38 the the DET emaj-38 17 39 build build NOUN emaj-38 17 40 - - PUNCT emaj-38 17 41 up up NOUN emaj-38 17 42 of of ADP emaj-38 17 43 the the DET emaj-38 17 44 situation situation NOUN emaj-38 17 45 . . PUNCT emaj-38 18 1 it it PRON emaj-38 18 2 is be AUX emaj-38 18 3 aimed aim VERB emaj-38 18 4 to to PART emaj-38 18 5 provide provide VERB emaj-38 18 6 a a DET emaj-38 18 7 holistic1 holistic1 ADJ emaj-38 18 8 approach approach NOUN emaj-38 18 9 that that PRON emaj-38 18 10 takes take VERB emaj-38 18 11 into into ADP emaj-38 18 12 account account NOUN emaj-38 18 13 area area NOUN emaj-38 18 14 specialization specialization NOUN emaj-38 18 15 with with ADP emaj-38 18 16 socio socio NOUN emaj-38 18 17 - - PUNCT emaj-38 18 18 political political ADJ emaj-38 18 19 dynamics dynamic NOUN emaj-38 18 20 to to PART emaj-38 18 21 explain explain VERB emaj-38 18 22 the the DET emaj-38 18 23 existence existence NOUN emaj-38 18 24 of of ADP emaj-38 18 25 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 18 26 political political ADJ emaj-38 18 27 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 18 28 in in ADP emaj-38 18 29 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 18 30 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 18 31 . . PUNCT emaj-38 19 1 the the DET emaj-38 19 2 role role NOUN emaj-38 19 3 of of ADP emaj-38 19 4 external external ADJ emaj-38 19 5 actors actor NOUN emaj-38 19 6 is be AUX emaj-38 19 7 especially especially ADV emaj-38 19 8 excavated excavate VERB emaj-38 19 9 within within ADP emaj-38 19 10 the the DET emaj-38 19 11 context context NOUN emaj-38 19 12 of of ADP emaj-38 19 13 the the DET emaj-38 19 14 current current ADJ emaj-38 19 15 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 19 16 war war NOUN emaj-38 19 17 in in ADP emaj-38 19 18 libya libya PROPN emaj-38 19 19 . . PUNCT emaj-38 20 1 also also ADV emaj-38 20 2 in in ADP emaj-38 20 3 the the DET emaj-38 20 4 same same ADJ emaj-38 20 5 context context NOUN emaj-38 20 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 20 7 tillyan tillyan ADJ emaj-38 20 8 reflections reflection NOUN emaj-38 20 9 on on ADP emaj-38 20 10 the the DET emaj-38 20 11 analogy analogy NOUN emaj-38 20 12 between between ADP emaj-38 20 13 war war NOUN emaj-38 20 14 - - PUNCT emaj-38 20 15 making make VERB emaj-38 20 16 and and CCONJ emaj-38 20 17 state state NOUN emaj-38 20 18 making making NOUN emaj-38 20 19 from from ADP emaj-38 20 20 a a DET emaj-38 20 21 european european ADJ emaj-38 20 22 experience experience NOUN emaj-38 20 23 are be AUX emaj-38 20 24 explored explore VERB emaj-38 20 25 in in ADP emaj-38 20 26 order order NOUN emaj-38 20 27 to to PART emaj-38 20 28 distinguish distinguish VERB emaj-38 20 29 the the DET emaj-38 20 30 internal internal ADJ emaj-38 20 31 and and CCONJ emaj-38 20 32 external external ADJ emaj-38 20 33 factors factor NOUN emaj-38 20 34 in in ADP emaj-38 20 35 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 20 36 region region PROPN emaj-38 20 37 since since SCONJ emaj-38 20 38 decolonization decolonization NOUN emaj-38 20 39 from from ADP emaj-38 20 40 the the DET emaj-38 20 41 european european ADJ emaj-38 20 42 experience experience NOUN emaj-38 20 43 of of ADP emaj-38 20 44 a a DET emaj-38 20 45 couple couple NOUN emaj-38 20 46 of of ADP emaj-38 20 47 hundred hundred NUM emaj-38 20 48 years year NOUN emaj-38 20 49 ago ago ADV emaj-38 20 50 . . PUNCT emaj-38 21 1 1 1 NUM emaj-38 21 2 throughout throughout ADP emaj-38 21 3 the the DET emaj-38 21 4 paper paper NOUN emaj-38 21 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 21 6 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 21 7 holistic holistic ADJ emaj-38 21 8 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 21 9 and and CCONJ emaj-38 21 10 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 21 11 overall overall ADJ emaj-38 21 12 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 21 13 approaches approach NOUN emaj-38 21 14 are be AUX emaj-38 21 15 used use VERB emaj-38 21 16 interchangeably interchangeably ADV emaj-38 21 17         SPACE emaj-38 21 18 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 21 19 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 21 20 to to ADP emaj-38 21 21 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 21 22 in in ADP emaj-38 21 23 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 21 24 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 21 25 markets market NOUN emaj-38 21 26 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 21 27 | | ADV emaj-38 21 28 p p NOUN emaj-38 21 29 a a DET emaj-38 21 30 g g NOUN emaj-38 21 31 e e NOUN emaj-38 21 32 | | ADV emaj-38 21 33 36 36 NUM emaj-38 21 34 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 21 35 3 3 NUM emaj-38 21 36 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 21 37 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 21 38 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 21 39 | | ADV emaj-38 21 40 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 21 41 - - PUNCT emaj-38 21 42 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 21 43 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 21 44 online online NOUN emaj-38 21 45 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 21 46 | | ADV emaj-38 21 47 doi doi X emaj-38 21 48 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 21 49 / / SYM emaj-38 21 50 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 21 51 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu X emaj-38 22 1 a a DET emaj-38 22 2 majority majority NOUN emaj-38 22 3 of of ADP emaj-38 22 4 western western ADJ emaj-38 22 5 attempts attempt NOUN emaj-38 22 6 for for ADP emaj-38 22 7 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 22 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 22 9 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 22 10 change change NOUN emaj-38 22 11 and and CCONJ emaj-38 22 12 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 22 13 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 22 14 in in ADP emaj-38 22 15 the the DET emaj-38 22 16 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 22 17 countries country NOUN emaj-38 22 18 have have AUX emaj-38 22 19 lacked lack VERB emaj-38 22 20 a a DET emaj-38 22 21 holistic holistic ADJ emaj-38 22 22 perspective perspective NOUN emaj-38 22 23 and and CCONJ emaj-38 22 24 previewed preview VERB emaj-38 22 25 solutions solution NOUN emaj-38 22 26 to to PART emaj-38 22 27 be be AUX emaj-38 22 28 applied apply VERB emaj-38 22 29 from from ADP emaj-38 22 30 top top NOUN emaj-38 22 31 to to ADP emaj-38 22 32 bottom bottom ADJ emaj-38 22 33 -i.e -i.e NOUN emaj-38 22 34 . . PUNCT emaj-38 23 1 structural structural ADJ emaj-38 23 2 adjustment adjustment NOUN emaj-38 23 3 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 23 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 23 5 partial partial ADJ emaj-38 23 6 representation representation NOUN emaj-38 23 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 23 8 and and CCONJ emaj-38 23 9 good good ADJ emaj-38 23 10 governance governance NOUN emaj-38 23 11 programs program NOUN emaj-38 23 12 . . PUNCT emaj-38 24 1 however however ADV emaj-38 24 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 24 3 given give VERB emaj-38 24 4 the the DET emaj-38 24 5 patriarchal patriarchal ADJ emaj-38 24 6 social social ADJ emaj-38 24 7 fabric fabric NOUN emaj-38 24 8 in in ADP emaj-38 24 9 the the DET emaj-38 24 10 states state NOUN emaj-38 24 11 of of ADP emaj-38 24 12 the the DET emaj-38 24 13 region region NOUN emaj-38 24 14 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 24 15 eckstein eckstein PROPN emaj-38 24 16 1992 1992 NUM emaj-38 24 17 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 24 18 eckstein eckstein PROPN emaj-38 24 19 and and CCONJ emaj-38 24 20 gurr gurr PROPN emaj-38 24 21 1975 1975 NUM emaj-38 24 22 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 24 23 and and CCONJ emaj-38 24 24 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 24 25 power power NOUN emaj-38 24 26 attributed attribute VERB emaj-38 24 27 to to ADP emaj-38 24 28 the the DET emaj-38 24 29 leader leader NOUN emaj-38 24 30 who who PRON emaj-38 24 31 claims claim VERB emaj-38 24 32 control control NOUN emaj-38 24 33 over over ADP emaj-38 24 34 the the DET emaj-38 24 35 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 24 36 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 24 37 , , PUNCT emaj-38 24 38 expecting expect VERB emaj-38 24 39 reforms reform NOUN emaj-38 24 40 towards towards ADP emaj-38 24 41 a a DET emaj-38 24 42 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 24 43 political political ADJ emaj-38 24 44 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 24 45 initiated initiate VERB emaj-38 24 46 from from ADP emaj-38 24 47 the the DET emaj-38 24 48 polity polity NOUN emaj-38 24 49 is be AUX emaj-38 24 50 rather rather ADV emaj-38 24 51 unrealistic unrealistic ADJ emaj-38 24 52 if if SCONJ emaj-38 24 53 not not PART emaj-38 24 54 naive naive ADJ emaj-38 24 55 . . PUNCT emaj-38 25 1 according accord VERB emaj-38 25 2 to to ADP emaj-38 25 3 beblawi beblawi NOUN emaj-38 25 4 a a DET emaj-38 25 5 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 25 6 state state NOUN emaj-38 25 7 has have VERB emaj-38 25 8 three three NUM emaj-38 25 9 significant significant ADJ emaj-38 25 10 qualities quality NOUN emaj-38 25 11 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 25 12 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 25 13 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 25 14 1 1 X emaj-38 25 15 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 25 16 the the DET emaj-38 25 17 rents rent NOUN emaj-38 25 18 come come VERB emaj-38 25 19 from from ADP emaj-38 25 20 abroad abroad ADV emaj-38 25 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 25 22 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 25 23 2 2 X emaj-38 25 24 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 25 25 the the DET emaj-38 25 26 rents rent NOUN emaj-38 25 27 accrue accrue VERB emaj-38 25 28 to to ADP emaj-38 25 29 the the DET emaj-38 25 30 government government NOUN emaj-38 25 31 directly directly ADV emaj-38 25 32 and and CCONJ emaj-38 25 33 , , PUNCT emaj-38 25 34 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 25 35 3 3 X emaj-38 25 36 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 25 37 only only ADV emaj-38 25 38 a a DET emaj-38 25 39 few few ADJ emaj-38 25 40 are be AUX emaj-38 25 41 engaged engage VERB emaj-38 25 42 in in ADP emaj-38 25 43 the the DET emaj-38 25 44 generation generation NOUN emaj-38 25 45 of of ADP emaj-38 25 46 this this DET emaj-38 25 47 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 25 48 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 25 49 wealth wealth NOUN emaj-38 25 50 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 25 51 , , PUNCT emaj-38 25 52 the the DET emaj-38 25 53 majority majority NOUN emaj-38 25 54 being be AUX emaj-38 25 55 only only ADV emaj-38 25 56 involved involve VERB emaj-38 25 57 in in ADP emaj-38 25 58 the the DET emaj-38 25 59 distribution distribution NOUN emaj-38 25 60 or or CCONJ emaj-38 25 61 utilization utilization NOUN emaj-38 25 62 of of ADP emaj-38 25 63 it it PRON emaj-38 25 64 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 25 65 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 25 66 1990 1990 NUM emaj-38 25 67 : : PUNCT emaj-38 25 68 87 87 NUM emaj-38 25 69 - - SYM emaj-38 25 70 88 88 NUM emaj-38 25 71 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 25 72 . . PUNCT emaj-38 26 1 there there PRON emaj-38 26 2 are be VERB emaj-38 26 3 two two NUM emaj-38 26 4 main main ADJ emaj-38 26 5 categories category NOUN emaj-38 26 6 of of ADP emaj-38 26 7 claims claim NOUN emaj-38 26 8 about about ADP emaj-38 26 9 the the DET emaj-38 26 10 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 26 11 state state NOUN emaj-38 26 12 : : PUNCT emaj-38 26 13 claims claim NOUN emaj-38 26 14 suggesting suggest VERB emaj-38 26 15 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 26 16 wealth wealth NOUN emaj-38 26 17 is be AUX emaj-38 26 18 incompatible incompatible ADJ emaj-38 26 19 with with ADP emaj-38 26 20 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 26 21 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 26 22 type2 type2 PROPN emaj-38 26 23 and and CCONJ emaj-38 26 24 that that SCONJ emaj-38 26 25 suggesting suggest VERB emaj-38 26 26 it it PRON emaj-38 26 27 is be AUX emaj-38 26 28 incompatible incompatible ADJ emaj-38 26 29 with with ADP emaj-38 26 30 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 26 31 development.3 development.3 PROPN emaj-38 26 32 we we PRON emaj-38 26 33 will will AUX emaj-38 26 34 examine examine VERB emaj-38 26 35 the the DET emaj-38 26 36 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 26 37 states state NOUN emaj-38 26 38 of of ADP emaj-38 26 39 the the DET emaj-38 26 40 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 26 41 region region PROPN emaj-38 26 42 where where SCONJ emaj-38 26 43 the the DET emaj-38 26 44 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 26 45 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 26 46 revolts revolt NOUN emaj-38 26 47 spread spread VERB emaj-38 26 48 out out ADP emaj-38 26 49 as as ADP emaj-38 26 50 of of ADP emaj-38 26 51 end end NOUN emaj-38 26 52 2010 2010 NUM emaj-38 26 53 in in ADP emaj-38 26 54 terms term NOUN emaj-38 26 55 of of ADP emaj-38 26 56 their their PRON emaj-38 26 57 place place NOUN emaj-38 26 58 in in ADP emaj-38 26 59 the the DET emaj-38 26 60 global global ADJ emaj-38 26 61 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 26 62 politics politic NOUN emaj-38 26 63 , , PUNCT emaj-38 26 64 will will AUX emaj-38 26 65 show show VERB emaj-38 26 66 why why SCONJ emaj-38 26 67 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 26 68 can can AUX emaj-38 26 69 not not PART emaj-38 26 70 be be AUX emaj-38 26 71 compatible compatible ADJ emaj-38 26 72 with with ADP emaj-38 26 73 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 26 74 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 26 75 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 26 76 and and CCONJ emaj-38 26 77 will will AUX emaj-38 26 78 question question VERB emaj-38 26 79 whether whether SCONJ emaj-38 26 80 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 26 81 curse curse NOUN emaj-38 26 82 exists exist VERB emaj-38 26 83 due due ADP emaj-38 26 84 to to ADP emaj-38 26 85 the the DET emaj-38 26 86 existence existence NOUN emaj-38 26 87 of of ADP emaj-38 26 88 excess excess ADJ emaj-38 26 89 resources resource NOUN emaj-38 26 90 . . PUNCT emaj-38 27 1 first first ADV emaj-38 27 2 of of ADP emaj-38 27 3 all all PRON emaj-38 27 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 27 5 we we PRON emaj-38 27 6 will will AUX emaj-38 27 7 follow follow VERB emaj-38 27 8 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 27 9 's 's PART emaj-38 27 10 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 27 11 2002 2002 NUM emaj-38 27 12 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 27 13 method method NOUN emaj-38 27 14 of of ADP emaj-38 27 15 classification classification NOUN emaj-38 27 16 and and CCONJ emaj-38 27 17 comparative comparative ADJ emaj-38 27 18 approach approach NOUN emaj-38 27 19 in in ADP emaj-38 27 20 order order NOUN emaj-38 27 21 to to PART emaj-38 27 22 pin pin NOUN emaj-38 27 23 point point VERB emaj-38 27 24 the the DET emaj-38 27 25 correlation correlation NOUN emaj-38 27 26 between between ADP emaj-38 27 27 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 27 28 power power NOUN emaj-38 27 29 based base VERB emaj-38 27 30 on on ADP emaj-38 27 31 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 27 32 allocation allocation NOUN emaj-38 27 33 given give VERB emaj-38 27 34 to to ADP emaj-38 27 35 the the DET emaj-38 27 36 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 27 37 leader leader NOUN emaj-38 27 38 and and CCONJ emaj-38 27 39 his his PRON emaj-38 27 40 political political ADJ emaj-38 27 41 dominance dominance NOUN emaj-38 27 42 that that PRON emaj-38 27 43 have have AUX emaj-38 27 44 urged urge VERB emaj-38 27 45 the the DET emaj-38 27 46 people people NOUN emaj-38 27 47 to to PART emaj-38 27 48 take take VERB emaj-38 27 49 collective collective ADJ emaj-38 27 50 action action NOUN emaj-38 27 51 . . PUNCT emaj-38 28 1 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 28 2 's 's PART emaj-38 28 3 modal modal NOUN emaj-38 28 4 of of ADP emaj-38 28 5 comparison comparison NOUN emaj-38 28 6 gives give VERB emaj-38 28 7 a a DET emaj-38 28 8 practical practical ADJ emaj-38 28 9 framework framework NOUN emaj-38 28 10 in in ADP emaj-38 28 11 order order NOUN emaj-38 28 12 to to PART emaj-38 28 13 asses asse VERB emaj-38 28 14 the the DET emaj-38 28 15 openness openness NOUN emaj-38 28 16 of of ADP emaj-38 28 17 the the DET emaj-38 28 18 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 28 19 for for ADP emaj-38 28 20 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 28 21 in in ADP emaj-38 28 22 the the DET emaj-38 28 23 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 28 24 region region PROPN emaj-38 28 25 according accord VERB emaj-38 28 26 to to ADP emaj-38 28 27 their their PRON emaj-38 28 28 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 28 29 types type NOUN emaj-38 28 30 and and CCONJ emaj-38 28 31 natural natural ADJ emaj-38 28 32 resources resource NOUN emaj-38 28 33 which which PRON emaj-38 28 34 generate generate VERB emaj-38 28 35 the the DET emaj-38 28 36 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 28 37 income income NOUN emaj-38 28 38 . . PUNCT emaj-38 29 1 the the DET emaj-38 29 2 uniqueness uniqueness NOUN emaj-38 29 3 of of ADP emaj-38 29 4 individual individual ADJ emaj-38 29 5 cases case NOUN emaj-38 29 6 is be AUX emaj-38 29 7 respected respect VERB emaj-38 29 8 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 29 9 however however ADV emaj-38 29 10 , , PUNCT emaj-38 29 11 it it PRON emaj-38 29 12 is be AUX emaj-38 29 13 more more ADV emaj-38 29 14 relevant relevant ADJ emaj-38 29 15 to to PART emaj-38 29 16 look look VERB emaj-38 29 17 at at ADP emaj-38 29 18 the the DET emaj-38 29 19 region region NOUN emaj-38 29 20 in in ADP emaj-38 29 21 categories category NOUN emaj-38 29 22 rather rather ADV emaj-38 29 23 than than ADP emaj-38 29 24 in in ADP emaj-38 29 25 single single ADJ emaj-38 29 26 case case NOUN emaj-38 29 27 given give VERB emaj-38 29 28 the the DET emaj-38 29 29 regional regional ADJ emaj-38 29 30 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 29 31 of of ADP emaj-38 29 32 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 29 33 and and CCONJ emaj-38 29 34 historical historical ADJ emaj-38 29 35 dynamics dynamic NOUN emaj-38 29 36 in in ADP emaj-38 29 37 the the DET emaj-38 29 38 region region NOUN emaj-38 29 39 that that PRON emaj-38 29 40 give give VERB emaj-38 29 41 us we PRON emaj-38 29 42 the the DET emaj-38 29 43 obvious obvious ADJ emaj-38 29 44 similarities similarity NOUN emaj-38 29 45 between between ADP emaj-38 29 46 the the DET emaj-38 29 47 states state NOUN emaj-38 29 48 . . PUNCT emaj-38 30 1 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 30 2 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 30 3 2002:10 2002:10 NUM emaj-38 30 4 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 30 5 provided provide VERB emaj-38 30 6 us we PRON emaj-38 30 7 with with ADP emaj-38 30 8 a a DET emaj-38 30 9 matrix matrix NOUN emaj-38 30 10 that that PRON emaj-38 30 11 classifies classify VERB emaj-38 30 12 the the DET emaj-38 30 13 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 30 14 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 30 15 according accord VERB emaj-38 30 16 to to ADP emaj-38 30 17 their their PRON emaj-38 30 18 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 30 19 types type NOUN emaj-38 30 20 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 30 21 traditional traditional ADJ emaj-38 30 22 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 30 23 / / SYM emaj-38 30 24 bureaucratic bureaucratic ADJ emaj-38 30 25 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 30 26 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 30 27 and and CCONJ emaj-38 30 28 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 30 29 positions position NOUN emaj-38 30 30 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 30 31 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 30 32 - - PUNCT emaj-38 30 33 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 30 34 / / SYM emaj-38 30 35 resourcepoor)4 resourcepoor)4 NOUN emaj-38 30 36 . . PUNCT emaj-38 31 1 category category NOUN emaj-38 31 2 a a PRON emaj-38 31 3 includes include VERB emaj-38 31 4 the the DET emaj-38 31 5 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 31 6 - - PUNCT emaj-38 31 7 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 31 8 countries country NOUN emaj-38 31 9 with with ADP emaj-38 31 10 traditional traditional ADJ emaj-38 31 11 - - PUNCT emaj-38 31 12 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 31 13 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 31 14 i.e. i.e. X emaj-38 31 15 saudi saudi PROPN emaj-38 31 16 - - PUNCT emaj-38 31 17 arabia arabia PROPN emaj-38 31 18 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 31 19 bahrain bahrain NOUN emaj-38 31 20 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 31 21 oman oman NOUN emaj-38 31 22 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 31 23 quatar quatar PROPN emaj-38 31 24 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 31 25 united united PROPN emaj-38 31 26 arab arab PROPN emaj-38 31 27 emirates emirates PROPN emaj-38 31 28 . . PUNCT emaj-38 32 1 category category NOUN emaj-38 32 2 b b PROPN emaj-38 32 3 includes include VERB emaj-38 32 4 the the DET emaj-38 32 5 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 32 6 - - PUNCT emaj-38 32 7 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 32 8 countries country NOUN emaj-38 32 9 with with ADP emaj-38 32 10 bureaucraticauthoritarian bureaucraticauthoritarian ADJ emaj-38 32 11 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 32 12 i.e. i.e. X emaj-38 32 13 iraq iraq PROPN emaj-38 32 14 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 32 15 libya libya PROPN emaj-38 32 16 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 32 17 algeria algeria PROPN emaj-38 32 18 . . PUNCT emaj-38 33 1 category category PROPN emaj-38 33 2 c c PROPN emaj-38 33 3 includes include VERB emaj-38 33 4 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 33 5 - - PUNCT emaj-38 33 6 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 33 7 countries country NOUN emaj-38 33 8 with with ADP emaj-38 33 9 traditionalauthoritarian traditionalauthoritarian ADJ emaj-38 33 10 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 33 11 i.e. i.e. X emaj-38 33 12 jordan jordan PROPN emaj-38 33 13 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 33 14 morocco morocco PROPN emaj-38 33 15 . . PUNCT emaj-38 34 1 category category NOUN emaj-38 34 2 d d PROPN emaj-38 34 3 includes include VERB emaj-38 34 4 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 34 5 - - PUNCT emaj-38 34 6 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 34 7 countries country NOUN emaj-38 34 8 with with ADP emaj-38 34 9 bureaucraticauthoritarian bureaucraticauthoritarian ADJ emaj-38 34 10 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 34 11 i.e. i.e. X emaj-38 34 12 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 34 13 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 34 14 tunisia tunisia PROPN emaj-38 34 15 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 34 16 syria syria PROPN emaj-38 34 17 . . PUNCT emaj-38 35 1 the the DET emaj-38 35 2 countries country NOUN emaj-38 35 3 where where SCONJ emaj-38 35 4 the the DET emaj-38 35 5 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 35 6 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 35 7 spread spread NOUN emaj-38 35 8 fit fit ADJ emaj-38 35 9 into into ADP emaj-38 35 10 this this DET emaj-38 35 11 matrix matrix NOUN emaj-38 35 12 as as SCONJ emaj-38 35 13 follows follow VERB emaj-38 35 14 : : PUNCT emaj-38 35 15 bahrain bahrain NOUN emaj-38 35 16 in in ADP emaj-38 35 17 category category NOUN emaj-38 35 18 a a NOUN emaj-38 35 19 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 35 20 libya libya PROPN emaj-38 35 21 and and CCONJ emaj-38 35 22 algeria algeria PROPN emaj-38 35 23 in in ADP emaj-38 35 24 category category PROPN emaj-38 35 25 b b NOUN emaj-38 35 26 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 35 27 jordan jordan PROPN emaj-38 35 28 in in ADP emaj-38 35 29 category category NOUN emaj-38 35 30 c c NOUN emaj-38 35 31 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 35 32 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 35 33 , , PUNCT emaj-38 35 34 tunisia tunisia PROPN emaj-38 35 35 and and CCONJ emaj-38 35 36 syria syria PROPN emaj-38 35 37 in in ADP emaj-38 35 38 category category NOUN emaj-38 35 39 d5 d5 NOUN emaj-38 35 40 . . PUNCT emaj-38 36 1 this this DET emaj-38 36 2 exercise exercise NOUN emaj-38 36 3 clearly clearly ADV emaj-38 36 4 shows show VERB emaj-38 36 5 us we PRON emaj-38 36 6 that that SCONJ emaj-38 36 7 in in ADP emaj-38 36 8 all all PRON emaj-38 36 9 of of ADP emaj-38 36 10 the the DET emaj-38 36 11 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 36 12 - - PUNCT emaj-38 36 13 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 36 14 countries country NOUN emaj-38 36 15 with with ADP emaj-38 36 16 bureaucratic bureaucratic ADJ emaj-38 36 17 2 2 NUM emaj-38 36 18 given give VERB emaj-38 36 19 the the DET emaj-38 36 20 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 36 21 nature nature NOUN emaj-38 36 22 of of ADP emaj-38 36 23 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 36 24 states state NOUN emaj-38 36 25 in in ADP emaj-38 36 26 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 36 27 3 3 NUM emaj-38 36 28 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 36 29 curse curse NOUN emaj-38 36 30 theory theory NOUN emaj-38 36 31 4 4 NUM emaj-38 36 32 the the DET emaj-38 36 33 modal modal NOUN emaj-38 36 34 shows show VERB emaj-38 36 35 the the DET emaj-38 36 36 ideal ideal ADJ emaj-38 36 37 types type NOUN emaj-38 36 38 of of ADP emaj-38 36 39 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 36 40 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 36 41 prior prior ADV emaj-38 36 42 to to ADP emaj-38 36 43 the the DET emaj-38 36 44 late late ADJ emaj-38 36 45 1980s 1980s NUM emaj-38 36 46 . . PUNCT emaj-38 37 1 however however ADV emaj-38 37 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 37 3 we we PRON emaj-38 37 4 are be AUX emaj-38 37 5 using use VERB emaj-38 37 6 this this DET emaj-38 37 7 information information NOUN emaj-38 37 8 as as ADP emaj-38 37 9 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 37 10 given give VERB emaj-38 37 11 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 37 12 to to PART emaj-38 37 13 build build VERB emaj-38 37 14 up up ADP emaj-38 37 15 onto onto ADP emaj-38 37 16 . . PROPN emaj-38 37 17 5 5 NUM emaj-38 37 18 although although SCONJ emaj-38 37 19 there there PRON emaj-38 37 20 has have AUX emaj-38 37 21 been be AUX emaj-38 37 22 demonstrations demonstration NOUN emaj-38 37 23 in in ADP emaj-38 37 24 iraq iraq PROPN emaj-38 37 25 and and CCONJ emaj-38 37 26 marocco marocco PROPN emaj-38 37 27 during during ADP emaj-38 37 28 the the DET emaj-38 37 29 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 37 30 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 37 31 , , PUNCT emaj-38 37 32 they they PRON emaj-38 37 33 did do AUX emaj-38 37 34 n't not PART emaj-38 37 35 have have VERB emaj-38 37 36 a a DET emaj-38 37 37 systematic systematic ADJ emaj-38 37 38 revolutionary revolutionary ADJ emaj-38 37 39 demand demand NOUN emaj-38 37 40 in in ADP emaj-38 37 41 nature nature NOUN emaj-38 37 42 . . PUNCT emaj-38 38 1 thus thus ADV emaj-38 38 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 38 3 they they PRON emaj-38 38 4 are be AUX emaj-38 38 5 not not PART emaj-38 38 6 included include VERB emaj-38 38 7 in in ADP emaj-38 38 8 the the DET emaj-38 38 9 matrix matrix NOUN emaj-38 38 10 in in ADP emaj-38 38 11 order order NOUN emaj-38 38 12 to to PART emaj-38 38 13 avoid avoid VERB emaj-38 38 14 biased biased ADJ emaj-38 38 15 arguments argument NOUN emaj-38 38 16 . . PUNCT emaj-38 38 17         SPACE emaj-38 39 1 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 39 2 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 39 3 to to ADP emaj-38 39 4 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 39 5 in in ADP emaj-38 39 6 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 39 7 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 39 8 markets market NOUN emaj-38 39 9 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 39 10 | | ADV emaj-38 39 11 p p NOUN emaj-38 39 12 a a PRON emaj-38 39 13 g g NOUN emaj-38 39 14 e e NOUN emaj-38 39 15 | | ADV emaj-38 39 16 37 37 NUM emaj-38 39 17 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 39 18 3 3 NUM emaj-38 39 19 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 39 20 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 39 21 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 39 22 | | ADV emaj-38 39 23 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 39 24 - - PUNCT emaj-38 39 25 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 39 26 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 39 27 online online NOUN emaj-38 39 28 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 39 29 | | ADV emaj-38 39 30 doi doi X emaj-38 39 31 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 39 32 / / SYM emaj-38 39 33 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 39 34 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu NOUN emaj-38 39 35 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 39 36 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 39 37 under under ADP emaj-38 39 38 category category NOUN emaj-38 39 39 d d AUX emaj-38 39 40 experienced experience VERB emaj-38 39 41 the the DET emaj-38 39 42 popular popular ADJ emaj-38 39 43 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 39 44 , , PUNCT emaj-38 39 45 not not PART emaj-38 39 46 a a DET emaj-38 39 47 surprising surprising ADJ emaj-38 39 48 outcome outcome NOUN emaj-38 39 49 , , PUNCT emaj-38 39 50 considering consider VERB emaj-38 39 51 their their PRON emaj-38 39 52 political political ADJ emaj-38 39 53 histories history NOUN emaj-38 39 54 with with ADP emaj-38 39 55 different different ADJ emaj-38 39 56 public public ADJ emaj-38 39 57 revolts revolt NOUN emaj-38 39 58 against against ADP emaj-38 39 59 the the DET emaj-38 39 60 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 39 61 . . PUNCT emaj-38 40 1 the the DET emaj-38 40 2 interesting interesting ADJ emaj-38 40 3 part part NOUN emaj-38 40 4 of of ADP emaj-38 40 5 the the DET emaj-38 40 6 outcome outcome NOUN emaj-38 40 7 is be AUX emaj-38 40 8 first first ADV emaj-38 40 9 of of ADP emaj-38 40 10 all all PRON emaj-38 40 11 , , PUNCT emaj-38 40 12 the the DET emaj-38 40 13 public public ADJ emaj-38 40 14 revolts revolt NOUN emaj-38 40 15 in in ADP emaj-38 40 16 bahrain bahrain NOUN emaj-38 40 17 , , PUNCT emaj-38 40 18 a a DET emaj-38 40 19 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 40 20 - - PUNCT emaj-38 40 21 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 40 22 traditional traditional ADJ emaj-38 40 23 - - PUNCT emaj-38 40 24 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 40 25 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 40 26 under under ADP emaj-38 40 27 category category NOUN emaj-38 40 28 a a NOUN emaj-38 40 29 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 40 30 secondly secondly ADV emaj-38 40 31 the the DET emaj-38 40 32 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 40 33 war war NOUN emaj-38 40 34 in in ADP emaj-38 40 35 libya6 libya6 PROPN emaj-38 40 36 , , PUNCT emaj-38 40 37 a a DET emaj-38 40 38 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 40 39 - - PUNCT emaj-38 40 40 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 40 41 bureaucratic bureaucratic ADJ emaj-38 40 42 - - PUNCT emaj-38 40 43 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 40 44 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 40 45 under under ADP emaj-38 40 46 category category NOUN emaj-38 40 47 b b NOUN emaj-38 40 48 regarding regard VERB emaj-38 40 49 to to ADP emaj-38 40 50 the the DET emaj-38 40 51 extreme extreme ADJ emaj-38 40 52 stability stability NOUN emaj-38 40 53 in in ADP emaj-38 40 54 its its PRON emaj-38 40 55 political political ADJ emaj-38 40 56 history history NOUN emaj-38 40 57 . . PUNCT emaj-38 41 1 countries country NOUN emaj-38 41 2 under under ADP emaj-38 41 3 category category PROPN emaj-38 41 4 d d NOUN emaj-38 41 5 are be AUX emaj-38 41 6 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 41 7 - - PUNCT emaj-38 41 8 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 41 9 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 41 10 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 41 11 as as SCONJ emaj-38 41 12 most most ADJ emaj-38 41 13 of of ADP emaj-38 41 14 their their PRON emaj-38 41 15 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 41 16 are be AUX emaj-38 41 17 generated generate VERB emaj-38 41 18 from from ADP emaj-38 41 19 indirect indirect ADJ emaj-38 41 20 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 41 21 income income NOUN emaj-38 41 22 in in ADP emaj-38 41 23 other other ADJ emaj-38 41 24 words word NOUN emaj-38 41 25 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 41 26 equivalents equivalent NOUN emaj-38 41 27 such such ADJ emaj-38 41 28 as as ADP emaj-38 41 29 military military ADJ emaj-38 41 30 and and CCONJ emaj-38 41 31 development development NOUN emaj-38 41 32 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 41 33 money money NOUN emaj-38 41 34 with with ADP emaj-38 41 35 financial financial ADJ emaj-38 41 36 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 41 37 from from ADP emaj-38 41 38 international international ADJ emaj-38 41 39 financial financial ADJ emaj-38 41 40 institutions7 institutions7 PROPN emaj-38 41 41 . . PUNCT emaj-38 42 1 the the DET emaj-38 42 2 historical historical ADJ emaj-38 42 3 dynamics dynamic NOUN emaj-38 42 4 of of ADP emaj-38 42 5 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 42 6 - - PUNCT emaj-38 42 7 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 42 8 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 42 9 states state NOUN emaj-38 42 10 are be AUX emaj-38 42 11 especially especially ADV emaj-38 42 12 important important ADJ emaj-38 42 13 as as SCONJ emaj-38 42 14 these these DET emaj-38 42 15 countries country NOUN emaj-38 42 16 are be AUX emaj-38 42 17 relatively relatively ADV emaj-38 42 18 more more ADV emaj-38 42 19 vulnerable vulnerable ADJ emaj-38 42 20 and and CCONJ emaj-38 42 21 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 42 22 on on ADP emaj-38 42 23 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 42 24 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 42 25 . . PUNCT emaj-38 43 1 while while SCONJ emaj-38 43 2 more more ADJ emaj-38 43 3 than than ADP emaj-38 43 4 half half NOUN emaj-38 43 5 of of ADP emaj-38 43 6 the the DET emaj-38 43 7 government government NOUN emaj-38 43 8 ’s ’s PART emaj-38 43 9 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 43 10 in in ADP emaj-38 43 11 saudi saudi PROPN emaj-38 43 12 arabia arabia PROPN emaj-38 43 13 , , PUNCT emaj-38 43 14 bahrain bahrain PROPN emaj-38 43 15 , , PUNCT emaj-38 43 16 the the DET emaj-38 43 17 united united PROPN emaj-38 43 18 arab arab PROPN emaj-38 43 19 emirates emirates PROPN emaj-38 43 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 43 21 oman oman PROPN emaj-38 43 22 , , PUNCT emaj-38 43 23 kuwait kuwait PROPN emaj-38 43 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 43 25 qatar qatar PROPN emaj-38 43 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 43 27 and and CCONJ emaj-38 43 28 libya libya PROPN emaj-38 43 29 come come VERB emaj-38 43 30 from from ADP emaj-38 43 31 the the DET emaj-38 43 32 sale sale NOUN emaj-38 43 33 of of ADP emaj-38 43 34 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 43 35 , , PUNCT emaj-38 43 36 the the DET emaj-38 43 37 governments government NOUN emaj-38 43 38 of of ADP emaj-38 43 39 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 43 40 - - PUNCT emaj-38 43 41 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 43 42 countries country NOUN emaj-38 43 43 such such ADJ emaj-38 43 44 as as ADP emaj-38 43 45 jordan jordan PROPN emaj-38 43 46 , , PUNCT emaj-38 43 47 syria syria PROPN emaj-38 43 48 , , PUNCT emaj-38 43 49 and and CCONJ emaj-38 43 50 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 43 51 earn earn VERB emaj-38 43 52 large large ADJ emaj-38 43 53 locational locational ADJ emaj-38 43 54 rents rent NOUN emaj-38 43 55 from from ADP emaj-38 43 56 payments payment NOUN emaj-38 43 57 for for ADP emaj-38 43 58 pipeline pipeline NOUN emaj-38 43 59 crossings crossing NOUN emaj-38 43 60 , , PUNCT emaj-38 43 61 transit transit NOUN emaj-38 43 62 fees fee NOUN emaj-38 43 63 , , PUNCT emaj-38 43 64 and and CCONJ emaj-38 43 65 passage passage NOUN emaj-38 43 66 through through ADP emaj-38 43 67 the the DET emaj-38 43 68 suez suez NOUN emaj-38 43 69 canal canal NOUN emaj-38 43 70 . . PUNCT emaj-38 44 1 moreover moreover ADV emaj-38 44 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 44 3 workers worker NOUN emaj-38 44 4 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 44 5 remittances remittance NOUN emaj-38 44 6 have have AUX emaj-38 44 7 been be AUX emaj-38 44 8 an an DET emaj-38 44 9 important important ADJ emaj-38 44 10 source source NOUN emaj-38 44 11 of of ADP emaj-38 44 12 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 44 13 exchange exchange NOUN emaj-38 44 14 in in ADP emaj-38 44 15 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 44 16 , , PUNCT emaj-38 44 17 yemen yemen PROPN emaj-38 44 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 44 19 syria syria PROPN emaj-38 44 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 44 21 lebanon lebanon PROPN emaj-38 44 22 , , PUNCT emaj-38 44 23 tunisia tunisia PROPN emaj-38 44 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 44 25 algeria algeria PROPN emaj-38 44 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 44 27 and and CCONJ emaj-38 44 28 morocco morocco PROPN emaj-38 44 29 , , PUNCT emaj-38 44 30 although although SCONJ emaj-38 44 31 these these DET emaj-38 44 32 rents rent NOUN emaj-38 44 33 go go VERB emaj-38 44 34 to to ADP emaj-38 44 35 private private ADJ emaj-38 44 36 actors actor NOUN emaj-38 44 37 instead instead ADV emaj-38 44 38 of of ADP emaj-38 44 39 the the DET emaj-38 44 40 state8 state8 PROPN emaj-38 44 41 . . PUNCT emaj-38 45 1 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 45 2 dependence dependence NOUN emaj-38 45 3 on on ADP emaj-38 45 4 locational locational ADJ emaj-38 45 5 rents rent NOUN emaj-38 45 6 and and CCONJ emaj-38 45 7 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 45 8 exchange exchange NOUN emaj-38 45 9 renders render VERB emaj-38 45 10 the the DET emaj-38 45 11 political political ADJ emaj-38 45 12 economy economy NOUN emaj-38 45 13 of of ADP emaj-38 45 14 these these DET emaj-38 45 15 countries country NOUN emaj-38 45 16 fragile fragile ADJ emaj-38 45 17 since since SCONJ emaj-38 45 18 there there PRON emaj-38 45 19 is be VERB emaj-38 45 20 a a DET emaj-38 45 21 big big ADJ emaj-38 45 22 reliance reliance NOUN emaj-38 45 23 on on ADP emaj-38 45 24 the the DET emaj-38 45 25 global global ADJ emaj-38 45 26 financial financial ADJ emaj-38 45 27 market market NOUN emaj-38 45 28 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 45 29 therefore therefore ADV emaj-38 45 30 , , PUNCT emaj-38 45 31 global global ADJ emaj-38 45 32 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 45 33 politics politic NOUN emaj-38 45 34 . . PUNCT emaj-38 46 1 background background NOUN emaj-38 46 2 when when SCONJ emaj-38 46 3 we we PRON emaj-38 46 4 are be AUX emaj-38 46 5 talking talk VERB emaj-38 46 6 about about ADP emaj-38 46 7 possibilities possibility NOUN emaj-38 46 8 for for ADP emaj-38 46 9 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 46 10 development development NOUN emaj-38 46 11 and and CCONJ emaj-38 46 12 the the DET emaj-38 46 13 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 46 14 forms form NOUN emaj-38 46 15 of of ADP emaj-38 46 16 economy economy NOUN emaj-38 46 17 in in ADP emaj-38 46 18 the the DET emaj-38 46 19 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 46 20 countries country NOUN emaj-38 46 21 we we PRON emaj-38 46 22 should should AUX emaj-38 46 23 also also ADV emaj-38 46 24 consider consider VERB emaj-38 46 25 the the DET emaj-38 46 26 contemporary contemporary ADJ emaj-38 46 27 history history NOUN emaj-38 46 28 of of ADP emaj-38 46 29 the the DET emaj-38 46 30 politics politic NOUN emaj-38 46 31 driven drive VERB emaj-38 46 32 by by ADP emaj-38 46 33 their their PRON emaj-38 46 34 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 46 35 . . PUNCT emaj-38 47 1 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 47 2 states state VERB emaj-38 47 3 that that SCONJ emaj-38 47 4 korany korany PROPN emaj-38 47 5 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 47 6 1986 1986 NUM emaj-38 47 7 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 47 8 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 47 9 speaks speak VERB emaj-38 47 10 of of ADP emaj-38 47 11 a a DET emaj-38 47 12 regional regional ADJ emaj-38 47 13 system system NOUN emaj-38 47 14 of of ADP emaj-38 47 15 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 47 16 petrolism petrolism NOUN emaj-38 47 17 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 47 18 in in ADP emaj-38 47 19 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 47 20 from from ADP emaj-38 47 21 ca ca PROPN emaj-38 47 22 . . PUNCT emaj-38 48 1 1973/1974 1973/1974 NUM emaj-38 48 2 onwards onward NOUN emaj-38 48 3 which which PRON emaj-38 48 4 is be AUX emaj-38 48 5 characterized characterize VERB emaj-38 48 6 not not PART emaj-38 48 7 only only ADV emaj-38 48 8 by by ADP emaj-38 48 9 high high ADJ emaj-38 48 10 levels level NOUN emaj-38 48 11 of of ADP emaj-38 48 12 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 48 13 income income NOUN emaj-38 48 14 for for ADP emaj-38 48 15 the the DET emaj-38 48 16 major major ADJ emaj-38 48 17 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 48 18 - - PUNCT emaj-38 48 19 exporting export VERB emaj-38 48 20 countries country NOUN emaj-38 48 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 48 22 but but CCONJ emaj-38 48 23 also also ADV emaj-38 48 24 by by ADP emaj-38 48 25 an an DET emaj-38 48 26 intra intra ADJ emaj-38 48 27 - - ADJ emaj-38 48 28 regional regional ADJ emaj-38 48 29 transfer transfer NOUN emaj-38 48 30 of of ADP emaj-38 48 31 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 48 32 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 48 33 to to ADP emaj-38 48 34 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 48 35 - - PUNCT emaj-38 48 36 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 48 37 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 48 38 , , PUNCT emaj-38 48 39 in in ADP emaj-38 48 40 exchange exchange NOUN emaj-38 48 41 of of ADP emaj-38 48 42 labor labor NOUN emaj-38 48 43 export export NOUN emaj-38 48 44 to to ADP emaj-38 48 45 the the DET emaj-38 48 46 less less ADV emaj-38 48 47 densely densely ADV emaj-38 48 48 populated populate VERB emaj-38 48 49 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 48 50 - - PUNCT emaj-38 48 51 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 48 52 countries country NOUN emaj-38 48 53 , , PUNCT emaj-38 48 54 mainly mainly ADV emaj-38 48 55 on on ADP emaj-38 48 56 the the DET emaj-38 48 57 gulf gulf PROPN emaj-38 48 58 peninsula.9 peninsula.9 PROPN emaj-38 48 59 the the DET emaj-38 48 60 legitimacy legitimacy NOUN emaj-38 48 61 - - PUNCT emaj-38 48 62 lacking lack VERB emaj-38 48 63 governments government NOUN emaj-38 48 64 of of ADP emaj-38 48 65 the the DET emaj-38 48 66 region region NOUN emaj-38 48 67 could could AUX emaj-38 48 68 gain gain VERB emaj-38 48 69 some some DET emaj-38 48 70 public public ADJ emaj-38 48 71 credibility credibility NOUN emaj-38 48 72 as as SCONJ emaj-38 48 73 the the DET emaj-38 48 74 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 48 75 boosted boost VERB emaj-38 48 76 . . PUNCT emaj-38 49 1 however however ADV emaj-38 49 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 49 3 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 49 4 - - PUNCT emaj-38 49 5 prices price NOUN emaj-38 49 6 peaked peak VERB emaj-38 49 7 in in ADP emaj-38 49 8 real real ADJ emaj-38 49 9 terms term NOUN emaj-38 49 10 in in ADP emaj-38 49 11 1981 1981 NUM emaj-38 49 12 and and CCONJ emaj-38 49 13 steadily steadily ADV emaj-38 49 14 fell fall VERB emaj-38 49 15 until until ADP emaj-38 49 16 the the DET emaj-38 49 17 end end NOUN emaj-38 49 18 of of ADP emaj-38 49 19 1990s 1990 NOUN emaj-38 49 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 49 21 they they PRON emaj-38 49 22 never never ADV emaj-38 49 23 again again ADV emaj-38 49 24 reached reach VERB emaj-38 49 25 the the DET emaj-38 49 26 levels level NOUN emaj-38 49 27 they they PRON emaj-38 49 28 gained gain VERB emaj-38 49 29 during during ADP emaj-38 49 30 the the DET emaj-38 49 31 1970s 1970 NOUN emaj-38 49 32 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 49 33 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 49 34 , , PUNCT emaj-38 49 35 2005 2005 NUM emaj-38 49 36 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 49 37 . . PUNCT emaj-38 50 1 as as SCONJ emaj-38 50 2 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 50 3 and and CCONJ emaj-38 50 4 gas gas NOUN emaj-38 50 5 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 50 6 of of ADP emaj-38 50 7 the the DET emaj-38 50 8 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 50 9 - - PUNCT emaj-38 50 10 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 50 11 6the 6the PRON emaj-38 50 12 situation situation NOUN emaj-38 50 13 in in ADP emaj-38 50 14 libya libya PROPN emaj-38 50 15 will will AUX emaj-38 50 16 be be AUX emaj-38 50 17 discussed discuss VERB emaj-38 50 18 in in ADP emaj-38 50 19 depth depth NOUN emaj-38 50 20 in in ADP emaj-38 50 21 the the DET emaj-38 50 22 following follow VERB emaj-38 50 23 sections section NOUN emaj-38 50 24 of of ADP emaj-38 50 25 the the DET emaj-38 50 26 paper paper NOUN emaj-38 50 27 with with ADP emaj-38 50 28 a a DET emaj-38 50 29 close close ADJ emaj-38 50 30 look look NOUN emaj-38 50 31 at at ADP emaj-38 50 32 the the DET emaj-38 50 33 dynamics dynamic NOUN emaj-38 50 34 of of ADP emaj-38 50 35 rentier rentier ADJ emaj-38 50 36 economy economy NOUN emaj-38 50 37 and and CCONJ emaj-38 50 38 the the DET emaj-38 50 39 role role NOUN emaj-38 50 40 of of ADP emaj-38 50 41 external external ADJ emaj-38 50 42 actors actor NOUN emaj-38 50 43 in in ADP emaj-38 50 44 the the DET emaj-38 50 45 current current ADJ emaj-38 50 46 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 50 47 war war NOUN emaj-38 50 48 . . PUNCT emaj-38 51 1 7 7 NUM emaj-38 51 2 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 51 3 , , PUNCT emaj-38 51 4 2005 2005 NUM emaj-38 51 5 : : PUNCT emaj-38 51 6 17 17 NUM emaj-38 51 7 8ross 8ross NUM emaj-38 51 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 51 9 2001 2001 NUM emaj-38 51 10 : : PUNCT emaj-38 51 11 329 329 NUM emaj-38 51 12 9schlumberger 9schlumberger NUM emaj-38 51 13 , , PUNCT emaj-38 51 14 2005 2005 NUM emaj-38 51 15 . . PUNCT emaj-38 51 16         SPACE emaj-38 51 17 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 51 18 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 51 19 to to ADP emaj-38 51 20 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 51 21 in in ADP emaj-38 51 22 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 51 23 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 51 24 markets market NOUN emaj-38 51 25 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 51 26 | | ADV emaj-38 51 27 p p NOUN emaj-38 51 28 a a DET emaj-38 51 29 g g NOUN emaj-38 51 30 e e NOUN emaj-38 51 31 | | ADV emaj-38 51 32 38 38 NUM emaj-38 51 33 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 51 34 3 3 NUM emaj-38 51 35 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 51 36 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 51 37 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 51 38 | | ADV emaj-38 51 39 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 51 40 - - PUNCT emaj-38 51 41 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 51 42 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 51 43 online online NOUN emaj-38 51 44 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 51 45 | | ADV emaj-38 51 46 doi doi X emaj-38 51 47 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 51 48 / / SYM emaj-38 51 49 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 51 50 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu NOUN emaj-38 51 51 countries country NOUN emaj-38 51 52 diminished diminish VERB emaj-38 51 53 , , PUNCT emaj-38 51 54 the the DET emaj-38 51 55 transfers transfer NOUN emaj-38 51 56 and and CCONJ emaj-38 51 57 the the DET emaj-38 51 58 demand demand NOUN emaj-38 51 59 for for ADP emaj-38 51 60 labor labor NOUN emaj-38 51 61 , , PUNCT emaj-38 51 62 which which PRON emaj-38 51 63 brought bring VERB emaj-38 51 64 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 51 65 exchange exchange NOUN emaj-38 51 66 , , PUNCT emaj-38 51 67 to to ADP emaj-38 51 68 the the DET emaj-38 51 69 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 51 70 - - PUNCT emaj-38 51 71 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 51 72 countries country NOUN emaj-38 51 73 started start VERB emaj-38 51 74 to to PART emaj-38 51 75 fade fade VERB emaj-38 51 76 away away ADV emaj-38 51 77 . . PUNCT emaj-38 52 1 in in ADP emaj-38 52 2 addition addition NOUN emaj-38 52 3 to to ADP emaj-38 52 4 the the DET emaj-38 52 5 remarkable remarkable ADJ emaj-38 52 6 changes change NOUN emaj-38 52 7 in in ADP emaj-38 52 8 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 52 9 prices price NOUN emaj-38 52 10 which which PRON emaj-38 52 11 brought bring VERB emaj-38 52 12 the the DET emaj-38 52 13 states state NOUN emaj-38 52 14 into into ADP emaj-38 52 15 fiscal fiscal ADJ emaj-38 52 16 crises crisis NOUN emaj-38 52 17 , , PUNCT emaj-38 52 18 the the DET emaj-38 52 19 political political ADJ emaj-38 52 20 wind wind NOUN emaj-38 52 21 shift shift NOUN emaj-38 52 22 of of ADP emaj-38 52 23 the the DET emaj-38 52 24 1990s 1990 NOUN emaj-38 52 25 marked mark VERB emaj-38 52 26 by by ADP emaj-38 52 27 the the DET emaj-38 52 28 end end NOUN emaj-38 52 29 of of ADP emaj-38 52 30 cold cold ADJ emaj-38 52 31 war war NOUN emaj-38 52 32 had have VERB emaj-38 52 33 negative negative ADJ emaj-38 52 34 consequences consequence NOUN emaj-38 52 35 on on ADP emaj-38 52 36 the the DET emaj-38 52 37 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 52 38 - - PUNCT emaj-38 52 39 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 52 40 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 52 41 ' ' PART emaj-38 52 42 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 52 43 income income NOUN emaj-38 52 44 widening widen VERB emaj-38 52 45 into into ADP emaj-38 52 46 financial financial ADJ emaj-38 52 47 crises crisis NOUN emaj-38 52 48 . . PUNCT emaj-38 53 1 due due ADP emaj-38 53 2 to to ADP emaj-38 53 3 the the DET emaj-38 53 4 geo geo PROPN emaj-38 53 5 - - PUNCT emaj-38 53 6 strategical strategical ADJ emaj-38 53 7 importance importance NOUN emaj-38 53 8 of of ADP emaj-38 53 9 the the DET emaj-38 53 10 region region NOUN emaj-38 53 11 in in ADP emaj-38 53 12 the the DET emaj-38 53 13 cold cold PROPN emaj-38 53 14 war war NOUN emaj-38 53 15 , , PUNCT emaj-38 53 16 states state NOUN emaj-38 53 17 could could AUX emaj-38 53 18 benefit benefit VERB emaj-38 53 19 from from ADP emaj-38 53 20 the the DET emaj-38 53 21 bipolar bipolar ADJ emaj-38 53 22 world world NOUN emaj-38 53 23 order order NOUN emaj-38 53 24 by by ADP emaj-38 53 25 gaining gain VERB emaj-38 53 26 military military ADJ emaj-38 53 27 and and CCONJ emaj-38 53 28 development development NOUN emaj-38 53 29 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 53 30 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 53 31 luciani luciani PROPN emaj-38 53 32 g. g. PROPN emaj-38 53 33 1990 1990 NUM emaj-38 53 34 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 53 35 from from ADP emaj-38 53 36 their their PRON emaj-38 53 37 allies ally NOUN emaj-38 53 38 on on ADP emaj-38 53 39 the the DET emaj-38 53 40 two two NUM emaj-38 53 41 sides side NOUN emaj-38 53 42 of of ADP emaj-38 53 43 the the DET emaj-38 53 44 war war NOUN emaj-38 53 45 . . PUNCT emaj-38 54 1 these these DET emaj-38 54 2 aids aid NOUN emaj-38 54 3 were be AUX emaj-38 54 4 important important ADJ emaj-38 54 5 sources source NOUN emaj-38 54 6 of of ADP emaj-38 54 7 rentequivalent rentequivalent NOUN emaj-38 54 8 income income NOUN emaj-38 54 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 54 10 especially especially ADV emaj-38 54 11 for for ADP emaj-38 54 12 the the DET emaj-38 54 13 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 54 14 - - PUNCT emaj-38 54 15 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 54 16 states state NOUN emaj-38 54 17 of of ADP emaj-38 54 18 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 54 19 . . PUNCT emaj-38 55 1 the the DET emaj-38 55 2 significant significant ADJ emaj-38 55 3 dependence dependence NOUN emaj-38 55 4 of of ADP emaj-38 55 5 the the DET emaj-38 55 6 resourcepoor resourcepoor NOUN emaj-38 55 7 states state NOUN emaj-38 55 8 on on ADP emaj-38 55 9 the the DET emaj-38 55 10 intra intra ADJ emaj-38 55 11 - - ADJ emaj-38 55 12 regional regional ADJ emaj-38 55 13 transfer transfer NOUN emaj-38 55 14 of of ADP emaj-38 55 15 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 55 16 income income NOUN emaj-38 55 17 with with ADP emaj-38 55 18 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 55 19 strategic strategic ADJ emaj-38 55 20 - - PUNCT emaj-38 55 21 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 55 22 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 55 23 money money NOUN emaj-38 55 24 coming come VERB emaj-38 55 25 from from ADP emaj-38 55 26 super super ADJ emaj-38 55 27 - - ADJ emaj-38 55 28 power power ADJ emaj-38 55 29 allies ally NOUN emaj-38 55 30 rendered render VERB emaj-38 55 31 the the DET emaj-38 55 32 already already ADV emaj-38 55 33 - - PUNCT emaj-38 55 34 legitimacy legitimacy NOUN emaj-38 55 35 - - PUNCT emaj-38 55 36 seeking seek VERB emaj-38 55 37 states state NOUN emaj-38 55 38 weak weak ADJ emaj-38 55 39 , , PUNCT emaj-38 55 40 in in ADP emaj-38 55 41 terms term NOUN emaj-38 55 42 of of ADP emaj-38 55 43 state state NOUN emaj-38 55 44 power power NOUN emaj-38 55 45 . . PUNCT emaj-38 56 1 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 56 2 petrolism petrolism NOUN emaj-38 56 3 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 56 4 of of ADP emaj-38 56 5 1970s 1970s NUM emaj-38 56 6 has have AUX emaj-38 56 7 allowed allow VERB emaj-38 56 8 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 56 9 - - PUNCT emaj-38 56 10 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 56 11 states state NOUN emaj-38 56 12 of of ADP emaj-38 56 13 the the DET emaj-38 56 14 region region NOUN emaj-38 56 15 a a DET emaj-38 56 16 relative relative ADJ emaj-38 56 17 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 56 18 prosperity prosperity NOUN emaj-38 56 19 that that PRON emaj-38 56 20 came come VERB emaj-38 56 21 with with ADP emaj-38 56 22 tight tight ADJ emaj-38 56 23 fiscal fiscal ADJ emaj-38 56 24 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 56 25 and and CCONJ emaj-38 56 26 almost almost ADV emaj-38 56 27 total total ADJ emaj-38 56 28 dependence dependence NOUN emaj-38 56 29 on on ADP emaj-38 56 30 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 56 31 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 56 32 . . PUNCT emaj-38 57 1 since since SCONJ emaj-38 57 2 dependence dependence NOUN emaj-38 57 3 driven drive VERB emaj-38 57 4 prosperity prosperity NOUN emaj-38 57 5 resulted result VERB emaj-38 57 6 in in ADP emaj-38 57 7 a a DET emaj-38 57 8 lack lack NOUN emaj-38 57 9 of of ADP emaj-38 57 10 ability ability NOUN emaj-38 57 11 to to PART emaj-38 57 12 diversify diversify VERB emaj-38 57 13 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 57 14 , , PUNCT emaj-38 57 15 when when SCONJ emaj-38 57 16 the the DET emaj-38 57 17 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 57 18 prices price NOUN emaj-38 57 19 dwindled dwindle VERB emaj-38 57 20 by by ADP emaj-38 57 21 the the DET emaj-38 57 22 end end NOUN emaj-38 57 23 of of ADP emaj-38 57 24 1980s-90s 1980s-90s NUM emaj-38 57 25 , , PUNCT emaj-38 57 26 transports transport NOUN emaj-38 57 27 to to ADP emaj-38 57 28 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 57 29 - - PUNCT emaj-38 57 30 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 57 31 countries country NOUN emaj-38 57 32 were be AUX emaj-38 57 33 immediately immediately ADV emaj-38 57 34 cut cut VERB emaj-38 57 35 to to PART emaj-38 57 36 stabilize stabilize VERB emaj-38 57 37 the the DET emaj-38 57 38 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 57 39 of of ADP emaj-38 57 40 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 57 41 - - PUNCT emaj-38 57 42 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 57 43 ones one NOUN emaj-38 57 44 . . PUNCT emaj-38 58 1 reduced reduce VERB emaj-38 58 2 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 58 3 money money NOUN emaj-38 58 4 after after ADP emaj-38 58 5 the the DET emaj-38 58 6 cold cold ADJ emaj-38 58 7 war war NOUN emaj-38 58 8 with with ADP emaj-38 58 9 the the DET emaj-38 58 10 cuts cut NOUN emaj-38 58 11 of of ADP emaj-38 58 12 transports transport NOUN emaj-38 58 13 from from ADP emaj-38 58 14 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 58 15 - - PUNCT emaj-38 58 16 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 58 17 neighbors neighbor NOUN emaj-38 58 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 58 19 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 58 20 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 58 21 countries country NOUN emaj-38 58 22 of of ADP emaj-38 58 23 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 58 24 found find VERB emaj-38 58 25 themselves themselves PRON emaj-38 58 26 in in ADP emaj-38 58 27 a a DET emaj-38 58 28 financial financial ADJ emaj-38 58 29 crisis crisis NOUN emaj-38 58 30 situation situation NOUN emaj-38 58 31 for for ADP emaj-38 58 32 which which PRON emaj-38 58 33 the the DET emaj-38 58 34 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 58 35 cure cure NOUN emaj-38 58 36 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 58 37 came come VERB emaj-38 58 38 from from ADP emaj-38 58 39 the the DET emaj-38 58 40 west west NOUN emaj-38 58 41 : : PUNCT emaj-38 58 42 structural structural ADJ emaj-38 58 43 adjustment adjustment NOUN emaj-38 58 44 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 58 45 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 58 46 saps sap NOUN emaj-38 58 47 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 58 48 along along ADP emaj-38 58 49 the the DET emaj-38 58 50 lines line NOUN emaj-38 58 51 of of ADP emaj-38 58 52 washington washington PROPN emaj-38 58 53 consensus consensus PROPN emaj-38 58 54 . . PUNCT emaj-38 59 1 saps sap NOUN emaj-38 59 2 previewed preview VERB emaj-38 59 3 as as ADP emaj-38 59 4 a a DET emaj-38 59 5 cure cure NOUN emaj-38 59 6 to to ADP emaj-38 59 7 financial financial ADJ emaj-38 59 8 crisis crisis NOUN emaj-38 59 9 by by ADP emaj-38 59 10 the the DET emaj-38 59 11 western western ADJ emaj-38 59 12 institutions institution NOUN emaj-38 59 13 are be AUX emaj-38 59 14 far far ADV emaj-38 59 15 from from ADP emaj-38 59 16 being be AUX emaj-38 59 17 custom custom NOUN emaj-38 59 18 - - PUNCT emaj-38 59 19 made make VERB emaj-38 59 20 ignoring ignore VERB emaj-38 59 21 the the DET emaj-38 59 22 existing exist VERB emaj-38 59 23 political political ADJ emaj-38 59 24 infrastructures infrastructure NOUN emaj-38 59 25 and and CCONJ emaj-38 59 26 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 59 27 type type NOUN emaj-38 59 28 . . PUNCT emaj-38 60 1 real real ADJ emaj-38 60 2 implication implication NOUN emaj-38 60 3 of of ADP emaj-38 60 4 saps sap NOUN emaj-38 60 5 poses pose VERB emaj-38 60 6 enormous enormous ADJ emaj-38 60 7 threats threat NOUN emaj-38 60 8 to to ADP emaj-38 60 9 incumbent incumbent NOUN emaj-38 60 10 , , PUNCT emaj-38 60 11 existing exist VERB emaj-38 60 12 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 60 13 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 60 14 ' ' PART emaj-38 60 15 absolute absolute ADJ emaj-38 60 16 political political ADJ emaj-38 60 17 power power NOUN emaj-38 60 18 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 60 19 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 60 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 60 21 2006 2006 NUM emaj-38 60 22 : : PUNCT emaj-38 60 23 3 3 NUM emaj-38 60 24 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 60 25 . . PUNCT emaj-38 61 1 therefore therefore ADV emaj-38 61 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 61 3 trying try VERB emaj-38 61 4 to to PART emaj-38 61 5 implement implement VERB emaj-38 61 6 saps sap NOUN emaj-38 61 7 in in ADP emaj-38 61 8 a a DET emaj-38 61 9 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 61 10 where where SCONJ emaj-38 61 11 the the DET emaj-38 61 12 leader leader NOUN emaj-38 61 13 anddepending anddepende VERB emaj-38 61 14 on on ADP emaj-38 61 15 the the DET emaj-38 61 16 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 61 17 type type NOUN emaj-38 61 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 61 19 the the DET emaj-38 61 20 elites elite NOUN emaj-38 61 21 around around ADP emaj-38 61 22 the the DET emaj-38 61 23 leader leader NOUN emaj-38 61 24 or or CCONJ emaj-38 61 25 close close ADJ emaj-38 61 26 to to ADP emaj-38 61 27 absolute absolute ADJ emaj-38 61 28 power- power- NOUN emaj-38 61 29 , , PUNCT emaj-38 61 30 only only ADV emaj-38 61 31 encourages encourage VERB emaj-38 61 32 the the DET emaj-38 61 33 government government NOUN emaj-38 61 34 to to PART emaj-38 61 35 become become VERB emaj-38 61 36 less less ADV emaj-38 61 37 transparent transparent ADJ emaj-38 61 38 . . PUNCT emaj-38 62 1 since since SCONJ emaj-38 62 2 the the DET emaj-38 62 3 leader leader NOUN emaj-38 62 4 and and CCONJ emaj-38 62 5 the the DET emaj-38 62 6 elites elite NOUN emaj-38 62 7 around around ADP emaj-38 62 8 him he PRON emaj-38 62 9 do do AUX emaj-38 62 10 not not PART emaj-38 62 11 necessarily necessarily ADV emaj-38 62 12 have have VERB emaj-38 62 13 to to PART emaj-38 62 14 report report VERB emaj-38 62 15 to to ADP emaj-38 62 16 some some DET emaj-38 62 17 other other ADJ emaj-38 62 18 authority authority NOUN emaj-38 62 19 or or CCONJ emaj-38 62 20 the the DET emaj-38 62 21 public public NOUN emaj-38 62 22 , , PUNCT emaj-38 62 23 they they PRON emaj-38 62 24 have have VERB emaj-38 62 25 quite quite DET emaj-38 62 26 some some DET emaj-38 62 27 space space NOUN emaj-38 62 28 for for ADP emaj-38 62 29 political political ADJ emaj-38 62 30 maneuver maneuver NOUN emaj-38 62 31 when when SCONJ emaj-38 62 32 it it PRON emaj-38 62 33 is be AUX emaj-38 62 34 needed need VERB emaj-38 62 35 to to PART emaj-38 62 36 fit fit VERB emaj-38 62 37 into into ADP emaj-38 62 38 western western ADJ emaj-38 62 39 policies10 policies10 NOUN emaj-38 62 40 compared compare VERB emaj-38 62 41 to to ADP emaj-38 62 42 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 62 43 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 62 44 . . PUNCT emaj-38 63 1 especially especially ADV emaj-38 63 2 because because SCONJ emaj-38 63 3 the the DET emaj-38 63 4 saps sap NOUN emaj-38 63 5 are be AUX emaj-38 63 6 imposed impose VERB emaj-38 63 7 by by ADP emaj-38 63 8 the the DET emaj-38 63 9 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 63 10 provider provider NOUN emaj-38 63 11 states state NOUN emaj-38 63 12 , , PUNCT emaj-38 63 13 the the DET emaj-38 63 14 leaders leader NOUN emaj-38 63 15 of of ADP emaj-38 63 16 the the DET emaj-38 63 17 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 63 18 states state NOUN emaj-38 63 19 do do VERB emaj-38 63 20 anything anything PRON emaj-38 63 21 to to PART emaj-38 63 22 show show VERB emaj-38 63 23 that that SCONJ emaj-38 63 24 they they PRON emaj-38 63 25 are be AUX emaj-38 63 26 fulfilling fulfil VERB emaj-38 63 27 what what PRON emaj-38 63 28 have have AUX emaj-38 63 29 been be AUX emaj-38 63 30 asked ask VERB emaj-38 63 31 . . PUNCT emaj-38 64 1 the the DET emaj-38 64 2 irony irony NOUN emaj-38 64 3 is be AUX emaj-38 64 4 that that SCONJ emaj-38 64 5 the the DET emaj-38 64 6 more more ADV emaj-38 64 7 flexible flexible ADJ emaj-38 64 8 autocrats autocrat NOUN emaj-38 64 9 are be AUX emaj-38 64 10 to to PART emaj-38 64 11 attract attract VERB emaj-38 64 12 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 64 13 income income NOUN emaj-38 64 14 , , PUNCT emaj-38 64 15 the the PRON emaj-38 64 16 less less ADV emaj-38 64 17 they they PRON emaj-38 64 18 are be AUX emaj-38 64 19 legitimate legitimate ADJ emaj-38 64 20 to to ADP emaj-38 64 21 their their PRON emaj-38 64 22 public public NOUN emaj-38 64 23 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 64 24 and and CCONJ emaj-38 64 25 the the DET emaj-38 64 26 less less ADV emaj-38 64 27 they they PRON emaj-38 64 28 are be AUX emaj-38 64 29 legitimate legitimate ADJ emaj-38 64 30 , , PUNCT emaj-38 64 31 the the DET emaj-38 64 32 stronger strong ADJ emaj-38 64 33 repressive repressive ADJ emaj-38 64 34 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 64 35 they they PRON emaj-38 64 36 apply apply VERB emaj-38 64 37 to to PART emaj-38 64 38 keep keep VERB emaj-38 64 39 the the DET emaj-38 64 40 public public ADJ emaj-38 64 41 obedient obedient NOUN emaj-38 64 42 . . PUNCT emaj-38 65 1 it it PRON emaj-38 65 2 is be AUX emaj-38 65 3 a a DET emaj-38 65 4 vicious vicious ADJ emaj-38 65 5 circle circle NOUN emaj-38 65 6 that that PRON emaj-38 65 7 contains contain VERB emaj-38 65 8 and and CCONJ emaj-38 65 9 empowers empower VERB emaj-38 65 10 the the DET emaj-38 65 11 autocrats autocrat NOUN emaj-38 65 12 of of ADP emaj-38 65 13 a a DET emaj-38 65 14 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 65 15 state state NOUN emaj-38 65 16 , , PUNCT emaj-38 65 17 renders render VERB emaj-38 65 18 them they PRON emaj-38 65 19 more more ADV emaj-38 65 20 stable stable ADJ emaj-38 65 21 and and CCONJ emaj-38 65 22 gives give VERB emaj-38 65 23 the the DET emaj-38 65 24 public public NOUN emaj-38 65 25 less less ADJ emaj-38 65 26 freedom freedom NOUN emaj-38 65 27 of of ADP emaj-38 65 28 expression expression NOUN emaj-38 65 29 . . PUNCT emaj-38 66 1 thus thus ADV emaj-38 66 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 66 3 the the DET emaj-38 66 4 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 66 5 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 66 6 do do AUX emaj-38 66 7 construct construct VERB emaj-38 66 8 a a DET emaj-38 66 9 state state NOUN emaj-38 66 10 class class NOUN emaj-38 66 11 but but CCONJ emaj-38 66 12 rather rather ADV emaj-38 66 13 a a DET emaj-38 66 14 shadow shadow NOUN emaj-38 66 15 state state NOUN emaj-38 66 16 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 66 17 william william PROPN emaj-38 66 18 reno reno PROPN emaj-38 66 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 66 20 1998 1998 NUM emaj-38 66 21 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 66 22 hartmut hartmut NOUN emaj-38 66 23 elsenhans elsenhan NOUN emaj-38 66 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 66 25 1981 1981 NUM emaj-38 66 26 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 66 27 1996 1996 NUM emaj-38 66 28 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 66 29 who who PRON emaj-38 66 30 does do AUX emaj-38 66 31 n't not PART emaj-38 66 32 have have VERB emaj-38 66 33 enough enough ADJ emaj-38 66 34 legitimacy legitimacy NOUN emaj-38 66 35 among among ADP emaj-38 66 36 its its PRON emaj-38 66 37 population population NOUN emaj-38 66 38 and and CCONJ emaj-38 66 39 so so ADV emaj-38 66 40 needs need VERB emaj-38 66 41 to to PART emaj-38 66 42 adopt adopt VERB emaj-38 66 43 repressive repressive ADJ emaj-38 66 44 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 66 45 to to PART emaj-38 66 46 stay stay VERB emaj-38 66 47 as as ADP emaj-38 66 48 a a DET emaj-38 66 49 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 66 50 . . PUNCT emaj-38 67 1 western western ADJ emaj-38 67 2 academics academic NOUN emaj-38 67 3 have have AUX emaj-38 67 4 previewed preview VERB emaj-38 67 5 a a DET emaj-38 67 6 link link NOUN emaj-38 67 7 between between ADP emaj-38 67 8 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 67 9 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 67 10 and and CCONJ emaj-38 67 11 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 67 12 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 67 13 among among ADP emaj-38 67 14 the the DET emaj-38 67 15 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 67 16 region region PROPN emaj-38 67 17 states states PROPN emaj-38 67 18 . . PUNCT emaj-38 68 1 some some PRON emaj-38 68 2 have have AUX emaj-38 68 3 argued argue VERB emaj-38 68 4 that that SCONJ emaj-38 68 5 liberal liberal ADJ emaj-38 68 6 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 68 7 orientation orientation NOUN emaj-38 68 8 would would AUX emaj-38 68 9 open open VERB emaj-38 68 10 up up ADP emaj-38 68 11 to to ADP emaj-38 68 12 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 68 13 . . PUNCT emaj-38 69 1 however however ADV emaj-38 69 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 69 3 they they PRON emaj-38 69 4 have have AUX emaj-38 69 5 missed miss VERB emaj-38 69 6 the the DET emaj-38 69 7 political political ADJ emaj-38 69 8 history history NOUN emaj-38 69 9 of of ADP emaj-38 69 10 these these DET emaj-38 69 11 states state NOUN emaj-38 69 12 where where SCONJ emaj-38 69 13 dependence dependence NOUN emaj-38 69 14 on on ADP emaj-38 69 15 external external ADJ emaj-38 69 16 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 69 17 have have AUX emaj-38 69 18 empowered empower VERB emaj-38 69 19 the the DET emaj-38 69 20 stable stable ADJ emaj-38 69 21 autocratic autocratic ADJ emaj-38 69 22 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 69 23 and and CCONJ emaj-38 69 24 the the DET emaj-38 69 25 possibility possibility NOUN emaj-38 69 26 to to PART emaj-38 69 27 have have AUX emaj-38 69 28 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 69 29 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 69 30 is be AUX emaj-38 69 31 not not PART emaj-38 69 32 possible possible ADJ emaj-38 69 33 in in ADP emaj-38 69 34 real real ADJ emaj-38 69 35 10although 10although NOUN emaj-38 70 1 we we PRON emaj-38 70 2 disagree disagree VERB emaj-38 70 3 with with ADP emaj-38 70 4 culturalist culturalist NOUN emaj-38 70 5 approach approach NOUN emaj-38 70 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 70 7 which which PRON emaj-38 70 8 tends tend VERB emaj-38 70 9 to to PART emaj-38 70 10 analyze analyze VERB emaj-38 70 11 the the DET emaj-38 70 12 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 70 13 region region PROPN emaj-38 70 14 , , PUNCT emaj-38 70 15 from from ADP emaj-38 70 16 a a DET emaj-38 70 17 narrow narrow ADJ emaj-38 70 18 angle angle NOUN emaj-38 70 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 70 20 as as ADP emaj-38 70 21 one one NUM emaj-38 70 22 permanent permanent ADJ emaj-38 70 23 culture culture NOUN emaj-38 70 24 of of ADP emaj-38 70 25 anti anti ADJ emaj-38 70 26 - - ADJ emaj-38 70 27 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 70 28 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 70 29 with with ADP emaj-38 70 30 strong strong ADJ emaj-38 70 31 patriarchal patriarchal ADJ emaj-38 70 32 fabric fabric NOUN emaj-38 70 33 , , PUNCT emaj-38 70 34 we we PRON emaj-38 70 35 take take VERB emaj-38 70 36 this this DET emaj-38 70 37 fact fact NOUN emaj-38 70 38 into into ADP emaj-38 70 39 account account NOUN emaj-38 70 40 to to PART emaj-38 70 41 have have VERB emaj-38 70 42 a a DET emaj-38 70 43 clear clear ADJ emaj-38 70 44 view view NOUN emaj-38 70 45 on on ADP emaj-38 70 46 why why SCONJ emaj-38 70 47 this this PRON emaj-38 70 48 has have AUX emaj-38 70 49 been be AUX emaj-38 70 50 the the DET emaj-38 70 51 case case NOUN emaj-38 70 52 for for ADP emaj-38 70 53 centuries century NOUN emaj-38 70 54 and and CCONJ emaj-38 70 55 how how SCONJ emaj-38 70 56 it it PRON emaj-38 70 57 influences influence VERB emaj-38 70 58 the the DET emaj-38 70 59 political political ADJ emaj-38 70 60 economy economy NOUN emaj-38 70 61 of of ADP emaj-38 70 62 today today NOUN emaj-38 70 63 . . PUNCT emaj-38 70 64         SPACE emaj-38 71 1 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 71 2 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 71 3 to to ADP emaj-38 71 4 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 71 5 in in ADP emaj-38 71 6 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 71 7 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 71 8 markets market NOUN emaj-38 71 9 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 71 10 | | ADV emaj-38 71 11 p p NOUN emaj-38 71 12 a a DET emaj-38 71 13 g g NOUN emaj-38 71 14 e e NOUN emaj-38 71 15 | | ADV emaj-38 71 16 39 39 NUM emaj-38 71 17 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 71 18 3 3 NUM emaj-38 71 19 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 71 20 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 71 21 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 71 22 | | ADV emaj-38 71 23 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 71 24 - - PUNCT emaj-38 71 25 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 71 26 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 71 27 online online NOUN emaj-38 71 28 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 71 29 | | ADV emaj-38 71 30 doi doi X emaj-38 71 31 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 71 32 / / SYM emaj-38 71 33 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 71 34 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu NOUN emaj-38 71 35 terms term NOUN emaj-38 71 36 as as SCONJ emaj-38 71 37 it it PRON emaj-38 71 38 would would AUX emaj-38 71 39 again again ADV emaj-38 71 40 be be AUX emaj-38 71 41 a a DET emaj-38 71 42 minority minority NOUN emaj-38 71 43 of of ADP emaj-38 71 44 the the DET emaj-38 71 45 elites elite NOUN emaj-38 71 46 who who PRON emaj-38 71 47 would would AUX emaj-38 71 48 run run VERB emaj-38 71 49 a a DET emaj-38 71 50 competitive competitive ADJ emaj-38 71 51 market market NOUN emaj-38 71 52 among among ADP emaj-38 71 53 each each DET emaj-38 71 54 other other ADJ emaj-38 71 55 and and CCONJ emaj-38 71 56 make make VERB emaj-38 71 57 sure sure ADJ emaj-38 71 58 that that SCONJ emaj-38 71 59 the the DET emaj-38 71 60 state state NOUN emaj-38 71 61 class class NOUN emaj-38 71 62 remains remain VERB emaj-38 71 63 in in ADP emaj-38 71 64 its its PRON emaj-38 71 65 place place NOUN emaj-38 71 66 . . PUNCT emaj-38 72 1 another another DET emaj-38 72 2 argument argument NOUN emaj-38 72 3 has have AUX emaj-38 72 4 suggested suggest VERB emaj-38 72 5 that that SCONJ emaj-38 72 6 an an DET emaj-38 72 7 increase increase NOUN emaj-38 72 8 in in ADP emaj-38 72 9 the the DET emaj-38 72 10 level level NOUN emaj-38 72 11 of of ADP emaj-38 72 12 tax tax NOUN emaj-38 72 13 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 72 14 would would AUX emaj-38 72 15 provide provide VERB emaj-38 72 16 legitimacy legitimacy NOUN emaj-38 72 17 to to ADP emaj-38 72 18 the the DET emaj-38 72 19 state state NOUN emaj-38 72 20 and and CCONJ emaj-38 72 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 72 22 therefore therefore ADV emaj-38 72 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 72 24 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 72 25 demands demand NOUN emaj-38 72 26 of of ADP emaj-38 72 27 the the DET emaj-38 72 28 public public NOUN emaj-38 72 29 could could AUX emaj-38 72 30 be be AUX emaj-38 72 31 taken take VERB emaj-38 72 32 into into ADP emaj-38 72 33 account account NOUN emaj-38 72 34 changing change VERB emaj-38 72 35 the the DET emaj-38 72 36 shadow shadow NOUN emaj-38 72 37 state state NOUN emaj-38 72 38 to to ADP emaj-38 72 39 a a DET emaj-38 72 40 strong strong ADJ emaj-38 72 41 state state NOUN emaj-38 72 42 . . PUNCT emaj-38 73 1 however however ADV emaj-38 73 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 73 3 the the DET emaj-38 73 4 cases case NOUN emaj-38 73 5 of of ADP emaj-38 73 6 contemporary contemporary PROPN emaj-38 73 7 tunisia tunisia PROPN emaj-38 73 8 and and CCONJ emaj-38 73 9 saudi saudi PROPN emaj-38 73 10 arabia arabia PROPN emaj-38 73 11 prior prior ADV emaj-38 73 12 to to ADP emaj-38 73 13 the the DET emaj-38 73 14 period period NOUN emaj-38 73 15 of of ADP emaj-38 73 16 petrolism petrolism NOUN emaj-38 73 17 raise raise VERB emaj-38 73 18 questions question NOUN emaj-38 73 19 against against ADP emaj-38 73 20 this this DET emaj-38 73 21 suggestion suggestion NOUN emaj-38 73 22 . . PUNCT emaj-38 74 1 the the DET emaj-38 74 2 data datum NOUN emaj-38 74 3 on on ADP emaj-38 74 4 the the DET emaj-38 74 5 level level NOUN emaj-38 74 6 of of ADP emaj-38 74 7 tax tax NOUN emaj-38 74 8 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 74 9 on on ADP emaj-38 74 10 government government NOUN emaj-38 74 11 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 74 12 gives give VERB emaj-38 74 13 a a DET emaj-38 74 14 percentage percentage NOUN emaj-38 74 15 of of ADP emaj-38 74 16 24,8 24,8 NUM emaj-38 74 17 % % NOUN emaj-38 74 18 of of ADP emaj-38 74 19 tax tax NOUN emaj-38 74 20 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 74 21 on on ADP emaj-38 74 22 government government NOUN emaj-38 74 23 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 74 24 for for ADP emaj-38 74 25 the the DET emaj-38 74 26 year year NOUN emaj-38 74 27 1998 1998 NUM emaj-38 74 28 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 74 29 schwarz schwarz NOUN emaj-38 74 30 2004 2004 NUM emaj-38 74 31 : : PUNCT emaj-38 74 32 23 23 NUM emaj-38 74 33 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 74 34 . . PUNCT emaj-38 75 1 in in ADP emaj-38 75 2 saudi saudi PROPN emaj-38 75 3 arabia arabia PROPN emaj-38 75 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 75 5 in in ADP emaj-38 75 6 1949 1949 NUM emaj-38 75 7 - - SYM emaj-38 75 8 1950 1950 NUM emaj-38 75 9 taxes taxis NOUN emaj-38 75 10 accounted account VERB emaj-38 75 11 for for ADP emaj-38 75 12 67 67 NUM emaj-38 75 13 % % NOUN emaj-38 75 14 of of ADP emaj-38 75 15 saudi saudi ADJ emaj-38 75 16 state state NOUN emaj-38 75 17 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 75 18 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 75 19 with with ADP emaj-38 75 20 37 37 NUM emaj-38 75 21 % % NOUN emaj-38 75 22 coming come VERB emaj-38 75 23 from from ADP emaj-38 75 24 direct direct ADJ emaj-38 75 25 taxes taxis NOUN emaj-38 75 26 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 75 27 . . PUNCT emaj-38 76 1 the the DET emaj-38 76 2 fact fact NOUN emaj-38 76 3 is be AUX emaj-38 76 4 that that SCONJ emaj-38 76 5 when when SCONJ emaj-38 76 6 the the DET emaj-38 76 7 autocratic autocratic ADJ emaj-38 76 8 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 76 9 type type NOUN emaj-38 76 10 with with ADP emaj-38 76 11 a a DET emaj-38 76 12 significantly significantly ADV emaj-38 76 13 high high ADJ emaj-38 76 14 level level NOUN emaj-38 76 15 of of ADP emaj-38 76 16 repression repression NOUN emaj-38 76 17 is be AUX emaj-38 76 18 given give VERB emaj-38 76 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 76 20 the the DET emaj-38 76 21 level level NOUN emaj-38 76 22 of of ADP emaj-38 76 23 tax tax NOUN emaj-38 76 24 collection collection NOUN emaj-38 76 25 does do AUX emaj-38 76 26 n't not PART emaj-38 76 27 make make VERB emaj-38 76 28 the the DET emaj-38 76 29 state state NOUN emaj-38 76 30 more more ADV emaj-38 76 31 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 76 32 as as SCONJ emaj-38 76 33 the the DET emaj-38 76 34 citizens citizen NOUN emaj-38 76 35 are be AUX emaj-38 76 36 not not PART emaj-38 76 37 given give VERB emaj-38 76 38 any any DET emaj-38 76 39 other other ADJ emaj-38 76 40 chance chance NOUN emaj-38 76 41 than than ADP emaj-38 76 42 doing do VERB emaj-38 76 43 what what PRON emaj-38 76 44 is be AUX emaj-38 76 45 asked ask VERB emaj-38 76 46 for for ADP emaj-38 76 47 . . PUNCT emaj-38 77 1 it it PRON emaj-38 77 2 is be AUX emaj-38 77 3 true true ADJ emaj-38 77 4 that that DET emaj-38 77 5 level level NOUN emaj-38 77 6 of of ADP emaj-38 77 7 tax tax NOUN emaj-38 77 8 collection collection NOUN emaj-38 77 9 indicates indicate VERB emaj-38 77 10 a a DET emaj-38 77 11 legitimate legitimate ADJ emaj-38 77 12 state state NOUN emaj-38 77 13 , , PUNCT emaj-38 77 14 but but CCONJ emaj-38 77 15 only only ADV emaj-38 77 16 when when SCONJ emaj-38 77 17 the the DET emaj-38 77 18 tax tax NOUN emaj-38 77 19 payers payer NOUN emaj-38 77 20 do do VERB emaj-38 77 21 it it PRON emaj-38 77 22 voluntarily voluntarily ADV emaj-38 77 23 to to PART emaj-38 77 24 participate participate VERB emaj-38 77 25 in in ADP emaj-38 77 26 the the DET emaj-38 77 27 state state NOUN emaj-38 77 28 expenditures expenditure NOUN emaj-38 77 29 . . PUNCT emaj-38 78 1 today today NOUN emaj-38 78 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 78 3 the the DET emaj-38 78 4 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 78 5 - - PUNCT emaj-38 78 6 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 78 7 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 78 8 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 78 9 are be AUX emaj-38 78 10 neither neither ADV emaj-38 78 11 adequately adequately ADV emaj-38 78 12 perceived perceive VERB emaj-38 78 13 as as ADP emaj-38 78 14 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 78 15 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 78 16 , , PUNCT emaj-38 78 17 nor nor CCONJ emaj-38 78 18 as as SCONJ emaj-38 78 19 transformed transform VERB emaj-38 78 20 into into ADP emaj-38 78 21 market market NOUN emaj-38 78 22 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 78 23 on on ADP emaj-38 78 24 an an DET emaj-38 78 25 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 78 26 systems system NOUN emaj-38 78 27 level level NOUN emaj-38 78 28 . . PUNCT emaj-38 79 1 however however ADV emaj-38 79 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 79 3 they they PRON emaj-38 79 4 are be AUX emaj-38 79 5 characterized characterize VERB emaj-38 79 6 by by ADP emaj-38 79 7 the the DET emaj-38 79 8 essential essential ADJ emaj-38 79 9 lack lack NOUN emaj-38 79 10 of of ADP emaj-38 79 11 key key ADJ emaj-38 79 12 defining defining ADJ emaj-38 79 13 elements element NOUN emaj-38 79 14 that that PRON emaj-38 79 15 guarantee guarantee VERB emaj-38 79 16 the the DET emaj-38 79 17 welfare welfare NOUN emaj-38 79 18 benefits benefit NOUN emaj-38 79 19 of of ADP emaj-38 79 20 market market NOUN emaj-38 79 21 orders order NOUN emaj-38 79 22 such such ADJ emaj-38 79 23 as as ADP emaj-38 79 24 the the DET emaj-38 79 25 openness openness NOUN emaj-38 79 26 of of ADP emaj-38 79 27 markets market NOUN emaj-38 79 28 , , PUNCT emaj-38 79 29 including include VERB emaj-38 79 30 openness openness NOUN emaj-38 79 31 for for ADP emaj-38 79 32 the the DET emaj-38 79 33 entry entry NOUN emaj-38 79 34 of of ADP emaj-38 79 35 new new ADJ emaj-38 79 36 competitors competitor NOUN emaj-38 79 37 , , PUNCT emaj-38 79 38 secure secure ADJ emaj-38 79 39 contract contract NOUN emaj-38 79 40 and and CCONJ emaj-38 79 41 property property NOUN emaj-38 79 42 rights right NOUN emaj-38 79 43 , , PUNCT emaj-38 79 44 equal equal ADJ emaj-38 79 45 access access NOUN emaj-38 79 46 to to ADP emaj-38 79 47 information information NOUN emaj-38 79 48 , , PUNCT emaj-38 79 49 equitable equitable ADJ emaj-38 79 50 application application NOUN emaj-38 79 51 of of ADP emaj-38 79 52 laws law NOUN emaj-38 79 53 , , PUNCT emaj-38 79 54 institutions institution NOUN emaj-38 79 55 that that PRON emaj-38 79 56 guarantee guarantee VERB emaj-38 79 57 competition competition NOUN emaj-38 79 58 and and CCONJ emaj-38 79 59 prevent prevent VERB emaj-38 79 60 the the DET emaj-38 79 61 emergence emergence NOUN emaj-38 79 62 of of ADP emaj-38 79 63 monopolies monopoly NOUN emaj-38 79 64 and and CCONJ emaj-38 79 65 cartels cartel NOUN emaj-38 79 66 and and CCONJ emaj-38 79 67 thus thus ADV emaj-38 79 68 the the DET emaj-38 79 69 creation creation NOUN emaj-38 79 70 of of ADP emaj-38 79 71 non non ADJ emaj-38 79 72 - - ADJ emaj-38 79 73 market market ADJ emaj-38 79 74 gains gain NOUN emaj-38 79 75 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 79 76 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 79 77 2006 2006 NUM emaj-38 79 78 : : PUNCT emaj-38 79 79 4 4 NUM emaj-38 79 80 - - SYM emaj-38 79 81 5 5 NUM emaj-38 79 82 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 79 83 . . PUNCT emaj-38 80 1 in in ADP emaj-38 80 2 many many ADJ emaj-38 80 3 cases case NOUN emaj-38 80 4 where where SCONJ emaj-38 80 5 large large ADJ emaj-38 80 6 amounts amount NOUN emaj-38 80 7 of of ADP emaj-38 80 8 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 80 9 accrue accrue NOUN emaj-38 80 10 to to ADP emaj-38 80 11 the the DET emaj-38 80 12 state state NOUN emaj-38 80 13 and and CCONJ emaj-38 80 14 are be AUX emaj-38 80 15 distributed distribute VERB emaj-38 80 16 as as ADP emaj-38 80 17 jobs job NOUN emaj-38 80 18 and and CCONJ emaj-38 80 19 welfare welfare NOUN emaj-38 80 20 benefits benefit NOUN emaj-38 80 21 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 80 22 ordinary ordinary ADJ emaj-38 80 23 people people NOUN emaj-38 80 24 become become VERB emaj-38 80 25 highly highly ADV emaj-38 80 26 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 80 27 on on ADP emaj-38 80 28 the the DET emaj-38 80 29 state state NOUN emaj-38 80 30 for for ADP emaj-38 80 31 their their PRON emaj-38 80 32 livelihoods livelihood NOUN emaj-38 80 33 , , PUNCT emaj-38 80 34 and and CCONJ emaj-38 80 35 not not PART emaj-38 80 36 being be AUX emaj-38 80 37 required require VERB emaj-38 80 38 to to PART emaj-38 80 39 pay pay VERB emaj-38 80 40 taxes taxis NOUN emaj-38 80 41 , , PUNCT emaj-38 80 42 they they PRON emaj-38 80 43 are be AUX emaj-38 80 44 deterred deter VERB emaj-38 80 45 from from ADP emaj-38 80 46 mobilization mobilization NOUN emaj-38 80 47 to to PART emaj-38 80 48 demand demand VERB emaj-38 80 49 representation representation NOUN emaj-38 80 50 . . PUNCT emaj-38 81 1 at at ADP emaj-38 81 2 the the DET emaj-38 81 3 same same ADJ emaj-38 81 4 time time NOUN emaj-38 81 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 81 6 the the DET emaj-38 81 7 dependence dependence NOUN emaj-38 81 8 of of ADP emaj-38 81 9 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 81 10 on on ADP emaj-38 81 11 external external ADJ emaj-38 81 12 sources source NOUN emaj-38 81 13 of of ADP emaj-38 81 14 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 81 15 , , PUNCT emaj-38 81 16 whether whether SCONJ emaj-38 81 17 petroleum petroleum NOUN emaj-38 81 18 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 81 19 or or CCONJ emaj-38 81 20 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 81 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 81 22 have have AUX emaj-38 81 23 attached attach VERB emaj-38 81 24 the the DET emaj-38 81 25 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 81 26 of of ADP emaj-38 81 27 elites elite NOUN emaj-38 81 28 to to ADP emaj-38 81 29 external external ADJ emaj-38 81 30 markets market NOUN emaj-38 81 31 and and CCONJ emaj-38 81 32 states state NOUN emaj-38 81 33 which which PRON emaj-38 81 34 also also ADV emaj-38 81 35 buffered buffer VERB emaj-38 81 36 them they PRON emaj-38 81 37 from from ADP emaj-38 81 38 accountability accountability NOUN emaj-38 81 39 to to ADP emaj-38 81 40 their their PRON emaj-38 81 41 populations population NOUN emaj-38 81 42 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 81 43 anderson anderson PROPN emaj-38 81 44 , , PUNCT emaj-38 81 45 2001 2001 NUM emaj-38 81 46 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 81 47 . . PUNCT emaj-38 82 1 moreover moreover ADV emaj-38 82 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 82 3 it it PRON emaj-38 82 4 can can AUX emaj-38 82 5 be be AUX emaj-38 82 6 argued argue VERB emaj-38 82 7 that that SCONJ emaj-38 82 8 during during ADP emaj-38 82 9 almost almost ADV emaj-38 82 10 two two NUM emaj-38 82 11 golden golden ADJ emaj-38 82 12 decades decade NOUN emaj-38 82 13 of of ADP emaj-38 82 14 petrolism petrolism NOUN emaj-38 82 15 and and CCONJ emaj-38 82 16 military military ADJ emaj-38 82 17 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 82 18 the the DET emaj-38 82 19 societal societal ADJ emaj-38 82 20 expectations expectation NOUN emaj-38 82 21 assumed assume VERB emaj-38 82 22 the the DET emaj-38 82 23 governments government NOUN emaj-38 82 24 as as ADP emaj-38 82 25 the the DET emaj-38 82 26 primary primary NOUN emaj-38 82 27 responsible responsible ADJ emaj-38 82 28 for for ADP emaj-38 82 29 the the DET emaj-38 82 30 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 82 31 well well NOUN emaj-38 82 32 - - PUNCT emaj-38 82 33 being being NOUN emaj-38 82 34 of of ADP emaj-38 82 35 the the DET emaj-38 82 36 individuals individual NOUN emaj-38 82 37 which which PRON emaj-38 82 38 have have AUX emaj-38 82 39 not not PART emaj-38 82 40 existed exist VERB emaj-38 82 41 since since SCONJ emaj-38 82 42 the the DET emaj-38 82 43 end end NOUN emaj-38 82 44 of of ADP emaj-38 82 45 1990s 1990 NOUN emaj-38 82 46 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 82 47 alnasrawi alnasrawi X emaj-38 82 48 1991 1991 NUM emaj-38 82 49 : : PUNCT emaj-38 82 50 175–7 175–7 NUM emaj-38 82 51 , , PUNCT emaj-38 82 52 184 184 NUM emaj-38 82 53 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 82 54 . . PUNCT emaj-38 83 1 it it PRON emaj-38 83 2 is be AUX emaj-38 83 3 also also ADV emaj-38 83 4 one one NUM emaj-38 83 5 of of ADP emaj-38 83 6 the the DET emaj-38 83 7 reasons reason NOUN emaj-38 83 8 why why SCONJ emaj-38 83 9 islamism islamism PROPN emaj-38 83 10 appeared appear VERB emaj-38 83 11 in in ADP emaj-38 83 12 certain certain ADJ emaj-38 83 13 states state NOUN emaj-38 83 14 as as ADP emaj-38 83 15 a a DET emaj-38 83 16 driving drive VERB emaj-38 83 17 force force NOUN emaj-38 83 18 to to PART emaj-38 83 19 legitimize legitimize VERB emaj-38 83 20 the the DET emaj-38 83 21 ruling rule VERB emaj-38 83 22 parties party NOUN emaj-38 83 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 83 24 although although SCONJ emaj-38 83 25 it it PRON emaj-38 83 26 got get VERB emaj-38 83 27 out out ADP emaj-38 83 28 of of ADP emaj-38 83 29 control control NOUN emaj-38 83 30 and and CCONJ emaj-38 83 31 has have AUX emaj-38 83 32 put put VERB emaj-38 83 33 the the DET emaj-38 83 34 rulers ruler NOUN emaj-38 83 35 in in ADP emaj-38 83 36 an an DET emaj-38 83 37 uncomfortable uncomfortable ADJ emaj-38 83 38 position position NOUN emaj-38 83 39 in in ADP emaj-38 83 40 the the DET emaj-38 83 41 global global ADJ emaj-38 83 42 political political ADJ emaj-38 83 43 environment environment NOUN emaj-38 83 44 in in ADP emaj-38 83 45 the the DET emaj-38 83 46 age age NOUN emaj-38 83 47 of of ADP emaj-38 83 48 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 83 49 terrorism terrorism NOUN emaj-38 83 50 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 83 51 , , PUNCT emaj-38 83 52 basically basically ADV emaj-38 83 53 the the DET emaj-38 83 54 period period NOUN emaj-38 83 55 starting start VERB emaj-38 83 56 from from ADP emaj-38 83 57 9/11 9/11 NUM emaj-38 83 58 that that PRON emaj-38 83 59 is be AUX emaj-38 83 60 still still ADV emaj-38 83 61 going go VERB emaj-38 83 62 on on ADP emaj-38 83 63 . . PUNCT emaj-38 84 1 as as ADP emaj-38 84 2 schwarz schwarz PROPN emaj-38 84 3 states state NOUN emaj-38 84 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 84 5 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 84 6 [ [ X emaj-38 84 7 t]he t]he ADV emaj-38 84 8 large large ADJ emaj-38 84 9 and and CCONJ emaj-38 84 10 considerable considerable ADJ emaj-38 84 11 amount amount NOUN emaj-38 84 12 of of ADP emaj-38 84 13 state state NOUN emaj-38 84 14 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 84 15 accruing accrue VERB emaj-38 84 16 to to ADP emaj-38 84 17 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 84 18 states state NOUN emaj-38 84 19 in in ADP emaj-38 84 20 the the DET emaj-38 84 21 form form NOUN emaj-38 84 22 of of ADP emaj-38 84 23 external external ADJ emaj-38 84 24 rents rent NOUN emaj-38 84 25 gives give VERB emaj-38 84 26 the the DET emaj-38 84 27 state state NOUN emaj-38 84 28 additional additional ADJ emaj-38 84 29 resources resource NOUN emaj-38 84 30 and and CCONJ emaj-38 84 31 serves serve VERB emaj-38 84 32 thus thus ADV emaj-38 84 33 to to PART emaj-38 84 34 reduce reduce VERB emaj-38 84 35 the the DET emaj-38 84 36 state state NOUN emaj-38 84 37 ’s ’s PART emaj-38 84 38 need need NOUN emaj-38 84 39 to to PART emaj-38 84 40 extract extract VERB emaj-38 84 41 money money NOUN emaj-38 84 42 from from ADP emaj-38 84 43 its its PRON emaj-38 84 44 society society NOUN emaj-38 84 45 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 84 46 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 84 47 schwarz schwarz NOUN emaj-38 84 48 2004 2004 NUM emaj-38 84 49 : : PUNCT emaj-38 84 50 23 23 NUM emaj-38 84 51 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 84 52 . . PUNCT emaj-38 85 1 since since SCONJ emaj-38 85 2 the the DET emaj-38 85 3 state state NOUN emaj-38 85 4 elites elite NOUN emaj-38 85 5 have have VERB emaj-38 85 6 the the DET emaj-38 85 7 control control NOUN emaj-38 85 8 over over ADP emaj-38 85 9 the the DET emaj-38 85 10 flow flow NOUN emaj-38 85 11 of of ADP emaj-38 85 12 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 85 13 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 85 14 , , PUNCT emaj-38 85 15 taxation taxation NOUN emaj-38 85 16 is be AUX emaj-38 85 17 not not PART emaj-38 85 18 a a DET emaj-38 85 19 reliable reliable ADJ emaj-38 85 20 tool tool NOUN emaj-38 85 21 that that PRON emaj-38 85 22 we we PRON emaj-38 85 23 can can AUX emaj-38 85 24 count count VERB emaj-38 85 25 on on ADP emaj-38 85 26 when when SCONJ emaj-38 85 27 speaking speak VERB emaj-38 85 28 of of ADP emaj-38 85 29 citizen citizen NOUN emaj-38 85 30 participation participation NOUN emaj-38 85 31 in in ADP emaj-38 85 32 state state NOUN emaj-38 85 33 - - PUNCT emaj-38 85 34 making making NOUN emaj-38 85 35 . . PUNCT emaj-38 86 1 this this PRON emaj-38 86 2 creates create VERB emaj-38 86 3 the the DET emaj-38 86 4 shadow shadow NOUN emaj-38 86 5 states state NOUN emaj-38 86 6 with with ADP emaj-38 86 7 low low ADJ emaj-38 86 8 legitimacy legitimacy NOUN emaj-38 86 9 and and CCONJ emaj-38 86 10 weak weak ADJ emaj-38 86 11 institutions institution NOUN emaj-38 86 12 which which PRON emaj-38 86 13 in in ADP emaj-38 86 14 turn turn NOUN emaj-38 86 15 renders render VERB emaj-38 86 16 the the DET emaj-38 86 17 states state NOUN emaj-38 86 18 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 86 19 on on ADP emaj-38 86 20 the the DET emaj-38 86 21 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 86 22 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 86 23 . . PUNCT emaj-38 87 1 therefore therefore ADV emaj-38 87 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 87 3 rentierism rentierism NOUN emaj-38 87 4 should should AUX emaj-38 87 5 be be AUX emaj-38 87 6 the the DET emaj-38 87 7 central central ADJ emaj-38 87 8 factor factor NOUN emaj-38 87 9 in in ADP emaj-38 87 10 analyzing analyze VERB emaj-38 87 11 the the DET emaj-38 87 12 state state NOUN emaj-38 87 13 formation formation NOUN emaj-38 87 14 processes process NOUN emaj-38 87 15 and and CCONJ emaj-38 87 16 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 87 17 change change NOUN emaj-38 87 18 dynamics dynamic NOUN emaj-38 87 19 in in ADP emaj-38 87 20 the the DET emaj-38 87 21 post post ADJ emaj-38 87 22 - - ADJ emaj-38 87 23 colonial colonial ADJ emaj-38 87 24 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 87 25 states states PROPN emaj-38 87 26 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 87 27 schwarz schwarz NOUN emaj-38 87 28 2004 2004 NUM emaj-38 87 29 : : PUNCT emaj-38 87 30 25 25 NUM emaj-38 87 31 - - SYM emaj-38 87 32 26 26 NUM emaj-38 87 33 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 87 34 . . PUNCT emaj-38 87 35         SPACE emaj-38 88 1 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 88 2 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 88 3 to to ADP emaj-38 88 4 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 88 5 in in ADP emaj-38 88 6 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 88 7 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 88 8 markets market NOUN emaj-38 88 9 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 88 10 | | ADV emaj-38 88 11 p p NOUN emaj-38 88 12 a a PRON emaj-38 88 13 g g NOUN emaj-38 88 14 e e NOUN emaj-38 88 15 | | ADV emaj-38 88 16 40 40 NUM emaj-38 88 17 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 88 18 3 3 NUM emaj-38 88 19 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 88 20 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 88 21 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 88 22 | | ADV emaj-38 88 23 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 88 24 - - PUNCT emaj-38 88 25 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 88 26 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 88 27 online online NOUN emaj-38 88 28 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 88 29 | | ADV emaj-38 88 30 doi doi X emaj-38 88 31 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 88 32 / / SYM emaj-38 88 33 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 88 34 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu NOUN emaj-38 88 35 imposed impose VERB emaj-38 88 36 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 88 37 : : PUNCT emaj-38 88 38 the the DET emaj-38 88 39 role role NOUN emaj-38 88 40 of of ADP emaj-38 88 41 global global ADJ emaj-38 88 42 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 88 43 politics politic NOUN emaj-38 88 44 in in ADP emaj-38 88 45 1990s 1990s NUM emaj-38 88 46 , , PUNCT emaj-38 88 47 many many ADJ emaj-38 88 48 scholars scholar NOUN emaj-38 88 49 have have AUX emaj-38 88 50 identified identify VERB emaj-38 88 51 a a DET emaj-38 88 52 move move NOUN emaj-38 88 53 towards towards ADP emaj-38 88 54 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 88 55 in in ADP emaj-38 88 56 the the DET emaj-38 88 57 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 88 58 states states PROPN emaj-38 88 59 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 88 60 hinnebusch hinnebusch PROPN emaj-38 88 61 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 88 62 , , PUNCT emaj-38 88 63 2006 2006 NUM emaj-38 88 64 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 88 65 . . PUNCT emaj-38 89 1 since since SCONJ emaj-38 89 2 then then ADV emaj-38 89 3 the the DET emaj-38 89 4 reversal reversal NOUN emaj-38 89 5 of of ADP emaj-38 89 6 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 89 7 experiments experiment NOUN emaj-38 89 8 has have AUX emaj-38 89 9 been be AUX emaj-38 89 10 documented document VERB emaj-38 89 11 by by ADP emaj-38 89 12 kienle kienle NOUN emaj-38 89 13 , , PUNCT emaj-38 89 14 and and CCONJ emaj-38 89 15 by by ADP emaj-38 89 16 ehteshami ehteshami NOUN emaj-38 89 17 and and CCONJ emaj-38 89 18 murphy murphy PROPN emaj-38 89 19 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 89 20 brynen brynen PROPN emaj-38 89 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 89 22 korany korany ADJ emaj-38 89 23 and and CCONJ emaj-38 89 24 noble noble ADJ emaj-38 89 25 , , PUNCT emaj-38 89 26 1995 1995 NUM emaj-38 89 27 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 89 28 salame salame PROPN emaj-38 89 29 , , PUNCT emaj-38 89 30 1994 1994 NUM emaj-38 89 31 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 89 32 norton norton NOUN emaj-38 89 33 , , PUNCT emaj-38 89 34 1995 1995 NUM emaj-38 89 35 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 89 36 . . PUNCT emaj-38 90 1 maye maye PROPN emaj-38 90 2 kassem kassem PROPN emaj-38 90 3 and and CCONJ emaj-38 90 4 william william PROPN emaj-38 90 5 zartman zartman PROPN emaj-38 90 6 have have AUX emaj-38 90 7 shown show VERB emaj-38 90 8 how how SCONJ emaj-38 90 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 90 10 paradoxically paradoxically ADV emaj-38 90 11 , , PUNCT emaj-38 90 12 party party NOUN emaj-38 90 13 pluralization pluralization NOUN emaj-38 90 14 can can AUX emaj-38 90 15 reinforce reinforce VERB emaj-38 90 16 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 90 17 rulers ruler NOUN emaj-38 90 18 . . PUNCT emaj-38 91 1 david david PROPN emaj-38 91 2 pool pool PROPN emaj-38 91 3 warned warn VERB emaj-38 91 4 that that SCONJ emaj-38 91 5 enforcement enforcement NOUN emaj-38 91 6 of of ADP emaj-38 91 7 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 91 8 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 91 9 and and CCONJ emaj-38 91 10 austerity austerity NOUN emaj-38 91 11 might might AUX emaj-38 91 12 require require VERB emaj-38 91 13 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 91 14 power power NOUN emaj-38 91 15 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 91 16 kienle,2001 kienle,2001 NOUN emaj-38 91 17 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 91 18 ehteshami ehteshami ADJ emaj-38 91 19 and and CCONJ emaj-38 91 20 murphy murphy PROPN emaj-38 91 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 91 22 1996 1996 NUM emaj-38 91 23 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 91 24 kassem kassem PROPN emaj-38 91 25 , , PUNCT emaj-38 91 26 1999 1999 NUM emaj-38 91 27 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 91 28 zartman zartman NOUN emaj-38 91 29 , , PUNCT emaj-38 91 30 1993 1993 NUM emaj-38 91 31 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 91 32 . . PUNCT emaj-38 92 1 as as SCONJ emaj-38 92 2 it it PRON emaj-38 92 3 is be AUX emaj-38 92 4 discussed discuss VERB emaj-38 92 5 previously previously ADV emaj-38 92 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 92 7 the the DET emaj-38 92 8 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 92 9 attempts attempt NOUN emaj-38 92 10 have have AUX emaj-38 92 11 been be AUX emaj-38 92 12 imposed impose VERB emaj-38 92 13 to to ADP emaj-38 92 14 the the DET emaj-38 92 15 states state NOUN emaj-38 92 16 of of ADP emaj-38 92 17 the the DET emaj-38 92 18 region region NOUN emaj-38 92 19 with with ADP emaj-38 92 20 the the DET emaj-38 92 21 idea idea NOUN emaj-38 92 22 that that SCONJ emaj-38 92 23 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 92 24 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 92 25 would would AUX emaj-38 92 26 eventually eventually ADV emaj-38 92 27 lead lead VERB emaj-38 92 28 to to ADP emaj-38 92 29 systematic systematic ADJ emaj-38 92 30 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 92 31 change change NOUN emaj-38 92 32 . . PUNCT emaj-38 93 1 however however ADV emaj-38 93 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 93 3 just just ADV emaj-38 93 4 like like ADP emaj-38 93 5 the the DET emaj-38 93 6 imposed impose VERB emaj-38 93 7 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 93 8 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 93 9 attempts attempt NOUN emaj-38 93 10 have have AUX emaj-38 93 11 not not PART emaj-38 93 12 worked work VERB emaj-38 93 13 properly properly ADV emaj-38 93 14 in in ADP emaj-38 93 15 the the DET emaj-38 93 16 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 93 17 - - PUNCT emaj-38 93 18 poorstates poorstate NOUN emaj-38 93 19 of of ADP emaj-38 93 20 the the DET emaj-38 93 21 region region NOUN emaj-38 93 22 , , PUNCT emaj-38 93 23 imposed impose VERB emaj-38 93 24 good good ADJ emaj-38 93 25 governance governance NOUN emaj-38 93 26 and and CCONJ emaj-38 93 27 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 93 28 attempts attempt NOUN emaj-38 93 29 have have AUX emaj-38 93 30 not not PART emaj-38 93 31 achieved achieve VERB emaj-38 93 32 much much ADV emaj-38 93 33 either either ADV emaj-38 93 34 . . PUNCT emaj-38 94 1 today today NOUN emaj-38 94 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 94 3 it it PRON emaj-38 94 4 is be AUX emaj-38 94 5 crucial crucial ADJ emaj-38 94 6 to to PART emaj-38 94 7 identify identify VERB emaj-38 94 8 the the DET emaj-38 94 9 role role NOUN emaj-38 94 10 of of ADP emaj-38 94 11 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 94 12 region region PROPN emaj-38 94 13 in in ADP emaj-38 94 14 the the DET emaj-38 94 15 global global ADJ emaj-38 94 16 politics politic NOUN emaj-38 94 17 to to PART emaj-38 94 18 understand understand VERB emaj-38 94 19 stable stable ADJ emaj-38 94 20 autocratic autocratic ADJ emaj-38 94 21 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 94 22 as as SCONJ emaj-38 94 23 they they PRON emaj-38 94 24 are be AUX emaj-38 94 25 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 94 26 on on ADP emaj-38 94 27 external external ADJ emaj-38 94 28 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 94 29 and and CCONJ emaj-38 94 30 autocratic autocratic ADJ emaj-38 94 31 governments government NOUN emaj-38 94 32 are be AUX emaj-38 94 33 flexible flexible ADJ emaj-38 94 34 enough enough ADV emaj-38 94 35 to to PART emaj-38 94 36 adjust adjust VERB emaj-38 94 37 their their PRON emaj-38 94 38 internal internal ADJ emaj-38 94 39 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 94 40 according accord VERB emaj-38 94 41 to to ADP emaj-38 94 42 the the DET emaj-38 94 43 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 94 44 policy policy NOUN emaj-38 94 45 goals goal NOUN emaj-38 94 46 of of ADP emaj-38 94 47 the the DET emaj-38 94 48 revenue revenue NOUN emaj-38 94 49 providers provider NOUN emaj-38 94 50 . . PUNCT emaj-38 95 1 hand hand NOUN emaj-38 95 2 in in ADP emaj-38 95 3 hand hand NOUN emaj-38 95 4 with with ADP emaj-38 95 5 the the DET emaj-38 95 6 neo neo ADJ emaj-38 95 7 - - ADJ emaj-38 95 8 liberal liberal ADJ emaj-38 95 9 financial financial ADJ emaj-38 95 10 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 95 11 solutions solution NOUN emaj-38 95 12 ' ' PART emaj-38 95 13 imposed impose VERB emaj-38 95 14 , , PUNCT emaj-38 95 15 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 95 16 attempts attempt NOUN emaj-38 95 17 from from ADP emaj-38 95 18 outside outside ADJ emaj-38 95 19 i.e. i.e. X emaj-38 95 20 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 95 21 paying pay VERB emaj-38 95 22 stateshave stateshave NOUN emaj-38 95 23 been be AUX emaj-38 95 24 constructed construct VERB emaj-38 95 25 according accord VERB emaj-38 95 26 to to ADP emaj-38 95 27 their their PRON emaj-38 95 28 own own ADJ emaj-38 95 29 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 95 30 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 95 31 . . PUNCT emaj-38 96 1 for for ADP emaj-38 96 2 instance instance NOUN emaj-38 96 3 , , PUNCT emaj-38 96 4 the the DET emaj-38 96 5 us us PROPN emaj-38 96 6 has have AUX emaj-38 96 7 spent spend VERB emaj-38 96 8 hundreds hundred NOUN emaj-38 96 9 of of ADP emaj-38 96 10 millions million NOUN emaj-38 96 11 of of ADP emaj-38 96 12 dollars dollar NOUN emaj-38 96 13 on on ADP emaj-38 96 14 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 96 15 and and CCONJ emaj-38 96 16 good good ADJ emaj-38 96 17 governance governance NOUN emaj-38 96 18 in in ADP emaj-38 96 19 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 96 20 over over ADP emaj-38 96 21 the the DET emaj-38 96 22 past past ADJ emaj-38 96 23 decade decade NOUN emaj-38 96 24 . . PUNCT emaj-38 97 1 on on ADP emaj-38 97 2 the the DET emaj-38 97 3 other other ADJ emaj-38 97 4 hand hand NOUN emaj-38 97 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 97 6 an an DET emaj-38 97 7 annual annual ADJ emaj-38 97 8 expenditure expenditure NOUN emaj-38 97 9 of of ADP emaj-38 97 10 more more ADJ emaj-38 97 11 than than ADP emaj-38 97 12 one one NUM emaj-38 97 13 billion billion NUM emaj-38 97 14 in in ADP emaj-38 97 15 military military ADJ emaj-38 97 16 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 97 17 dwarfs dwarf VERB emaj-38 97 18 the the DET emaj-38 97 19 former former ADJ emaj-38 97 20 sum sum NOUN emaj-38 97 21 and and CCONJ emaj-38 97 22 raises raise VERB emaj-38 97 23 questions question NOUN emaj-38 97 24 as as ADP emaj-38 97 25 to to ADP emaj-38 97 26 the the DET emaj-38 97 27 prioritization prioritization NOUN emaj-38 97 28 of of ADP emaj-38 97 29 different different ADJ emaj-38 97 30 or or CCONJ emaj-38 97 31 even even ADV emaj-38 97 32 contradictory contradictory ADJ emaj-38 97 33 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 97 34 policy policy NOUN emaj-38 97 35 goals goal NOUN emaj-38 97 36 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 97 37 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 97 38 & & CCONJ emaj-38 97 39 brunell brunell PROPN emaj-38 97 40 , , PUNCT emaj-38 97 41 2010:8 2010:8 NUM emaj-38 97 42 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 97 43 bermeo bermeo NOUN emaj-38 97 44 2009 2009 NUM emaj-38 97 45 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 97 46 . . PUNCT emaj-38 98 1 these these DET emaj-38 98 2 goals goal NOUN emaj-38 98 3 are be AUX emaj-38 98 4 based base VERB emaj-38 98 5 on on ADP emaj-38 98 6 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 98 7 stability stability NOUN emaj-38 98 8 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 98 9 of of ADP emaj-38 98 10 the the DET emaj-38 98 11 region region NOUN emaj-38 98 12 as as ADP emaj-38 98 13 a a DET emaj-38 98 14 bulk bulk NOUN emaj-38 98 15 of of ADP emaj-38 98 16 world world NOUN emaj-38 98 17 's 's PART emaj-38 98 18 energy energy NOUN emaj-38 98 19 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 98 20 is be AUX emaj-38 98 21 under under ADP emaj-38 98 22 the the DET emaj-38 98 23 control control NOUN emaj-38 98 24 of of ADP emaj-38 98 25 autocratic autocratic ADJ emaj-38 98 26 states state NOUN emaj-38 98 27 of of ADP emaj-38 98 28 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 98 29 . . PUNCT emaj-38 99 1 in in ADP emaj-38 99 2 this this DET emaj-38 99 3 regard regard NOUN emaj-38 99 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 99 5 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 99 6 stability stability NOUN emaj-38 99 7 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 99 8 means mean VERB emaj-38 99 9 the the DET emaj-38 99 10 control control NOUN emaj-38 99 11 over over ADP emaj-38 99 12 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 99 13 does do AUX emaj-38 99 14 not not PART emaj-38 99 15 shift shift VERB emaj-38 99 16 to to ADP emaj-38 99 17 certain certain ADJ emaj-38 99 18 groups group NOUN emaj-38 99 19 that that PRON emaj-38 99 20 could could AUX emaj-38 99 21 choose choose VERB emaj-38 99 22 different different ADJ emaj-38 99 23 customers customer NOUN emaj-38 99 24 than than ADP emaj-38 99 25 the the DET emaj-38 99 26 existing exist VERB emaj-38 99 27 ones one NOUN emaj-38 99 28 . . PUNCT emaj-38 100 1 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 100 2 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 100 3 system system NOUN emaj-38 100 4 and and CCONJ emaj-38 100 5 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 100 6 political political ADJ emaj-38 100 7 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 100 8 reinforce reinforce VERB emaj-38 100 9 each each DET emaj-38 100 10 other other ADJ emaj-38 100 11 in in ADP emaj-38 100 12 the the DET emaj-38 100 13 context context NOUN emaj-38 100 14 of of ADP emaj-38 100 15 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 100 16 region region PROPN emaj-38 100 17 where where SCONJ emaj-38 100 18 historically historically ADV emaj-38 100 19 the the DET emaj-38 100 20 strongest strong ADJ emaj-38 100 21 classes class NOUN emaj-38 100 22 have have AUX emaj-38 100 23 been be AUX emaj-38 100 24 powerful powerful ADJ emaj-38 100 25 landlords landlord NOUN emaj-38 100 26 and and CCONJ emaj-38 100 27 tribal tribal ADJ emaj-38 100 28 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 100 29 sheikhs sheikh NOUN emaj-38 100 30 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 100 31 hinnebusch hinnebusch PROPN emaj-38 100 32 2006 2006 NUM emaj-38 100 33 : : PUNCT emaj-38 100 34 379 379 NUM emaj-38 100 35 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 100 36 . . PUNCT emaj-38 101 1 external external ADJ emaj-38 101 2 incentives incentive NOUN emaj-38 101 3 for for ADP emaj-38 101 4 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 101 5 and and CCONJ emaj-38 101 6 social social ADJ emaj-38 101 7 development development NOUN emaj-38 101 8 have have AUX emaj-38 101 9 previewed preview VERB emaj-38 101 10 systematic systematic ADJ emaj-38 101 11 political political ADJ emaj-38 101 12 reform reform NOUN emaj-38 101 13 to to PART emaj-38 101 14 happen happen VERB emaj-38 101 15 against against ADP emaj-38 101 16 all all DET emaj-38 101 17 indicative indicative ADJ emaj-38 101 18 empirical empirical ADJ emaj-38 101 19 evidence evidence NOUN emaj-38 101 20 . . PUNCT emaj-38 102 1 as as ADV emaj-38 102 2 far far ADV emaj-38 102 3 as as SCONJ emaj-38 102 4 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 102 5 promotion promotion NOUN emaj-38 102 6 strategies strategy NOUN emaj-38 102 7 are be AUX emaj-38 102 8 centered center VERB emaj-38 102 9 according accord VERB emaj-38 102 10 to to ADP emaj-38 102 11 western western ADJ emaj-38 102 12 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 102 13 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 102 14 -very -very NOUN emaj-38 102 15 similar similar ADJ emaj-38 102 16 to to ADP emaj-38 102 17 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 102 18 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 102 19 attempts attempt NOUN emaj-38 102 20 in in ADP emaj-38 102 21 line line NOUN emaj-38 102 22 with with ADP emaj-38 102 23 the the DET emaj-38 102 24 washington washington PROPN emaj-38 102 25 consensus consensus NOUN emaj-38 102 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 102 27 they they PRON emaj-38 102 28 are be AUX emaj-38 102 29 far far ADV emaj-38 102 30 from from ADP emaj-38 102 31 bringing bring VERB emaj-38 102 32 a a DET emaj-38 102 33 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 102 34 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 102 35 to to ADP emaj-38 102 36 the the DET emaj-38 102 37 region region NOUN emaj-38 102 38 . . PUNCT emaj-38 103 1 likeliness likeliness NOUN emaj-38 103 2 of of ADP emaj-38 103 3 a a DET emaj-38 103 4 systematic systematic ADJ emaj-38 103 5 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 103 6 change change NOUN emaj-38 103 7 is be AUX emaj-38 103 8 close close ADJ emaj-38 103 9 to to ADP emaj-38 103 10 zero zero NUM emaj-38 103 11 , , PUNCT emaj-38 103 12 for for ADP emaj-38 103 13 the the DET emaj-38 103 14 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 103 15 - - PUNCT emaj-38 103 16 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 103 17 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 103 18 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 103 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 103 20 as as SCONJ emaj-38 103 21 the the DET emaj-38 103 22 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 103 23 elites elite NOUN emaj-38 103 24 have have VERB emaj-38 103 25 abundant abundant ADJ emaj-38 103 26 resources resource NOUN emaj-38 103 27 and and CCONJ emaj-38 103 28 enough enough ADJ emaj-38 103 29 repressive repressive ADJ emaj-38 103 30 infrastructure infrastructure NOUN emaj-38 103 31 to to PART emaj-38 103 32 suppress suppress VERB emaj-38 103 33 any any DET emaj-38 103 34 oppositions opposition NOUN emaj-38 103 35 to to ADP emaj-38 103 36 it it PRON emaj-38 103 37 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 103 38 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 103 39 2006 2006 NUM emaj-38 103 40 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 103 41 . . PUNCT emaj-38 104 1 for for ADP emaj-38 104 2 the the DET emaj-38 104 3 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 104 4 - - PUNCT emaj-38 104 5 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 104 6 states state NOUN emaj-38 104 7 of of ADP emaj-38 104 8 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 104 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 104 10 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 104 11 suggests suggest VERB emaj-38 104 12 that that SCONJ emaj-38 104 13 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 104 14 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 104 15 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 104 16 and and CCONJ emaj-38 104 17 political political ADJ emaj-38 104 18 reform reform NOUN emaj-38 104 19 can can AUX emaj-38 104 20 only only ADV emaj-38 104 21 be be AUX emaj-38 104 22 assumed assume VERB emaj-38 104 23 to to PART emaj-38 104 24 significantly significantly ADV emaj-38 104 25 alter alter VERB emaj-38 104 26 currently currently ADV emaj-38 104 27 prevailing prevail VERB emaj-38 104 28 power power NOUN emaj-38 104 29 structures structure NOUN emaj-38 104 30 if if SCONJ emaj-38 104 31 they they PRON emaj-38 104 32 go go VERB emaj-38 104 33 hand hand NOUN emaj-38 104 34 in in ADP emaj-38 104 35 hand hand NOUN emaj-38 104 36 , , PUNCT emaj-38 104 37 and and CCONJ emaj-38 104 38 if if SCONJ emaj-38 104 39 they they PRON emaj-38 104 40 are be AUX emaj-38 104 41 based base VERB emaj-38 104 42 on on ADP emaj-38 104 43 a a DET emaj-38 104 44 sound sound ADJ emaj-38 104 45 assessment assessment NOUN emaj-38 104 46 and and CCONJ emaj-38 104 47 knowledge knowledge NOUN emaj-38 104 48 of of ADP emaj-38 104 49 the the DET emaj-38 104 50 specific specific ADJ emaj-38 104 51 traits trait NOUN emaj-38 104 52 of of ADP emaj-38 104 53 middle middle ADJ emaj-38 104 54 eastern eastern ADJ emaj-38 104 55 political political ADJ emaj-38 104 56 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 104 57 , , PUNCT emaj-38 104 58 societies society NOUN emaj-38 104 59 and and CCONJ emaj-38 104 60 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 104 61 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 104 62 , , PUNCT emaj-38 104 63 and and CCONJ emaj-38 104 64 he he PRON emaj-38 104 65 adds add VERB emaj-38 104 66 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 104 67 rational rational ADJ emaj-38 104 68 gains gain NOUN emaj-38 104 69 - - PUNCT emaj-38 104 70 maximizing maximize VERB emaj-38 104 71 behavior behavior NOUN emaj-38 104 72 does do AUX emaj-38 104 73 not not PART emaj-38 104 74 imply imply VERB emaj-38 104 75 successful successful ADJ emaj-38 104 76 competition competition NOUN emaj-38 104 77 in in ADP emaj-38 104 78 an an DET emaj-38 104 79 open open ADJ emaj-38 104 80 market market NOUN emaj-38 104 81 so so ADV emaj-38 104 82 much much ADV emaj-38 104 83 as as ADP emaj-38 104 84 competition competition NOUN emaj-38 104 85 for for ADP emaj-38 104 86 the the DET emaj-38 104 87 establishment establishment NOUN emaj-38 104 88 of of ADP emaj-38 104 89 personalist personalist ADJ emaj-38 104 90 ties tie NOUN emaj-38 104 91 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 104 92 tying tie VERB emaj-38 104 93 in in ADP emaj-38 104 94 with with ADP emaj-38 104 95 the the DET emaj-38 104 96 surrounding surround VERB emaj-38 104 97 society society NOUN emaj-38 104 98 , , PUNCT emaj-38 104 99 where where SCONJ emaj-38 104 100 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 104 101 - - PUNCT emaj-38 104 102 seeking seek VERB emaj-38 104 103 behavior behavior NOUN emaj-38 104 104 has have AUX emaj-38 104 105 become become VERB emaj-38 104 106 endemic endemic ADJ emaj-38 104 107 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 104 108 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 105 1 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 105 2 2006 2006 NUM emaj-38 105 3 : : PUNCT emaj-38 105 4 8 8 NUM emaj-38 105 5 - - SYM emaj-38 105 6 9 9 NUM emaj-38 105 7 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 105 8 . . PUNCT emaj-38 106 1 on on ADP emaj-38 106 2 the the DET emaj-38 106 3 other other ADJ emaj-38 106 4 hand hand NOUN emaj-38 106 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 106 6 one one PRON emaj-38 106 7 should should AUX emaj-38 106 8 not not PART emaj-38 106 9 forget forget VERB emaj-38 106 10 the the DET emaj-38 106 11 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 106 12 security security NOUN emaj-38 106 13 ' ' PART emaj-38 106 14 issue issue NOUN emaj-38 106 15 as as ADP emaj-38 106 16 a a DET emaj-38 106 17 dynamic dynamic ADJ emaj-38 106 18 considering consider VERB emaj-38 106 19 the the DET emaj-38 106 20 geo geo PROPN emaj-38 106 21 - - ADJ emaj-38 106 22 strategic strategic ADJ emaj-38 106 23 importance importance NOUN emaj-38 106 24 of of ADP emaj-38 106 25 the the DET emaj-38 106 26 region region NOUN emaj-38 106 27 . . PUNCT emaj-38 107 1 being be AUX emaj-38 107 2 politically politically ADV emaj-38 107 3 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 107 4 on on ADP emaj-38 107 5 the the DET emaj-38 107 6 western western ADJ emaj-38 107 7 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 107 8 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 107 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 107 10 after after ADP emaj-38 107 11 the the DET emaj-38 107 12 attacks attack NOUN emaj-38 107 13 of of ADP emaj-38 107 14 9/11 9/11 NUM emaj-38 107 15 , , PUNCT emaj-38 108 1 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 108 2 leaders leader NOUN emaj-38 108 3 of of ADP emaj-38 108 4 the the DET emaj-38 108 5 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 108 6 - - PUNCT emaj-38 108 7 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 108 8 countries country NOUN emaj-38 108 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 108 10         SPACE emaj-38 108 11 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 108 12 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 108 13 to to ADP emaj-38 108 14 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 108 15 in in ADP emaj-38 108 16 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 108 17 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 108 18 markets market NOUN emaj-38 108 19 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 108 20 | | ADV emaj-38 108 21 p p NOUN emaj-38 108 22 a a DET emaj-38 108 23 g g NOUN emaj-38 108 24 e e NOUN emaj-38 109 1 | | ADV emaj-38 109 2 41 41 NUM emaj-38 109 3 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 109 4 3 3 NUM emaj-38 109 5 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 109 6 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 109 7 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 109 8 | | ADV emaj-38 109 9 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 109 10 - - PUNCT emaj-38 109 11 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 109 12 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 109 13 online online NOUN emaj-38 109 14 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 109 15 | | ADV emaj-38 109 16 doi doi X emaj-38 109 17 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 109 18 / / SYM emaj-38 109 19 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 109 20 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu X emaj-38 109 21 who who PRON emaj-38 109 22 are be AUX emaj-38 109 23 already already ADV emaj-38 109 24 indebted indebte VERB emaj-38 109 25 to to ADP emaj-38 109 26 the the DET emaj-38 109 27 international international ADJ emaj-38 109 28 monetary monetary ADJ emaj-38 109 29 fund fund NOUN emaj-38 109 30 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 109 31 imf imf PROPN emaj-38 109 32 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 109 33 and and CCONJ emaj-38 109 34 the the DET emaj-38 109 35 world world PROPN emaj-38 109 36 bank bank PROPN emaj-38 109 37 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 109 38 wb wb PROPN emaj-38 109 39 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 109 40 with with ADP emaj-38 109 41 the the DET emaj-38 109 42 inflow inflow NOUN emaj-38 109 43 of of ADP emaj-38 109 44 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 109 45 money money NOUN emaj-38 109 46 from from ADP emaj-38 109 47 the the DET emaj-38 109 48 us us PROPN emaj-38 109 49 , , PUNCT emaj-38 109 50 took take VERB emaj-38 109 51 over over ADP emaj-38 109 52 the the DET emaj-38 109 53 mission mission NOUN emaj-38 109 54 to to PART emaj-38 109 55 make make VERB emaj-38 109 56 sure sure ADJ emaj-38 109 57 no no DET emaj-38 109 58 terrorist terrorist ADJ emaj-38 109 59 movements movement NOUN emaj-38 109 60 spring spring VERB emaj-38 109 61 in in ADP emaj-38 109 62 their their PRON emaj-38 109 63 boundaries boundary NOUN emaj-38 109 64 and and CCONJ emaj-38 109 65 played play VERB emaj-38 109 66 the the DET emaj-38 109 67 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 109 68 stabilizing stabilizing NOUN emaj-38 109 69 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 109 70 role11 role11 NOUN emaj-38 109 71 in in ADP emaj-38 109 72 the the DET emaj-38 109 73 region region NOUN emaj-38 109 74 . . PUNCT emaj-38 110 1 9/11 9/11 NUM emaj-38 110 2 attack attack NOUN emaj-38 110 3 has have AUX emaj-38 110 4 set set VERB emaj-38 110 5 the the DET emaj-38 110 6 stage stage NOUN emaj-38 110 7 for for ADP emaj-38 110 8 a a DET emaj-38 110 9 rejection rejection NOUN emaj-38 110 10 of of ADP emaj-38 110 11 a a DET emaj-38 110 12 long long ADJ emaj-38 110 13 standing standing ADJ emaj-38 110 14 realist realist ADJ emaj-38 110 15 policy policy NOUN emaj-38 110 16 that that PRON emaj-38 110 17 sought seek VERB emaj-38 110 18 to to PART emaj-38 110 19 protect protect VERB emaj-38 110 20 western western ADJ emaj-38 110 21 geo geo PROPN emaj-38 110 22 - - ADJ emaj-38 110 23 strategic strategic ADJ emaj-38 110 24 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 110 25 by by ADP emaj-38 110 26 abetting abet VERB emaj-38 110 27 autocratic autocratic ADJ emaj-38 110 28 rule rule NOUN emaj-38 110 29 . . PUNCT emaj-38 111 1 the the DET emaj-38 111 2 assumption assumption NOUN emaj-38 111 3 behind behind ADP emaj-38 111 4 this this DET emaj-38 111 5 policy policy NOUN emaj-38 111 6 was be AUX emaj-38 111 7 that that SCONJ emaj-38 111 8 autocracies autocracy NOUN emaj-38 111 9 could could AUX emaj-38 111 10 secure secure VERB emaj-38 111 11 the the DET emaj-38 111 12 domestic domestic ADJ emaj-38 111 13 and and CCONJ emaj-38 111 14 regional regional ADJ emaj-38 111 15 stability stability NOUN emaj-38 111 16 required require VERB emaj-38 111 17 for for ADP emaj-38 111 18 defending defend VERB emaj-38 111 19 a a DET emaj-38 111 20 regional regional ADJ emaj-38 111 21 balance balance NOUN emaj-38 111 22 of of ADP emaj-38 111 23 power power NOUN emaj-38 111 24 that that PRON emaj-38 111 25 deterred deter VERB emaj-38 111 26 radical radical ADJ emaj-38 111 27 states state NOUN emaj-38 111 28 and and CCONJ emaj-38 111 29 non non ADJ emaj-38 111 30 - - ADJ emaj-38 111 31 state state ADJ emaj-38 111 32 actors actor NOUN emaj-38 111 33 from from ADP emaj-38 111 34 destabilizing destabilizing ADJ emaj-38 111 35 pro pro ADJ emaj-38 111 36 - - ADJ emaj-38 111 37 western western ADJ emaj-38 111 38 governments government NOUN emaj-38 111 39 . . PUNCT emaj-38 112 1 led lead VERB emaj-38 112 2 by by ADP emaj-38 112 3 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 112 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 112 5 saudi saudi PROPN emaj-38 112 6 arabia arabia PROPN emaj-38 112 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 112 8 jordan jordan PROPN emaj-38 112 9 and and CCONJ emaj-38 112 10 pakistan12 pakistan12 PROPN emaj-38 112 11 , , PUNCT emaj-38 112 12 these these DET emaj-38 112 13 regionally regionally ADV emaj-38 112 14 pivotal pivotal ADJ emaj-38 112 15 states state NOUN emaj-38 112 16 were be AUX emaj-38 112 17 to to PART emaj-38 112 18 defend defend VERB emaj-38 112 19 a a DET emaj-38 112 20 range range NOUN emaj-38 112 21 of of ADP emaj-38 112 22 overlapping overlap VERB emaj-38 112 23 u.s u.s PROPN emaj-38 112 24 . . PROPN emaj-38 112 25 geo geo PROPN emaj-38 112 26 - - PUNCT emaj-38 112 27 strategic strategic ADJ emaj-38 112 28 , , PUNCT emaj-38 112 29 military military ADJ emaj-38 112 30 and and CCONJ emaj-38 112 31 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 112 32 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 112 33 . . PUNCT emaj-38 113 1 these these DET emaj-38 113 2 states state NOUN emaj-38 113 3 were be AUX emaj-38 113 4 labeled label VERB emaj-38 113 5 as as ADP emaj-38 113 6 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 113 7 moderate moderate ADJ emaj-38 113 8 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 113 9 states state NOUN emaj-38 113 10 no no ADV emaj-38 113 11 matter matter ADV emaj-38 113 12 how how SCONJ emaj-38 113 13 well well ADV emaj-38 113 14 their their PRON emaj-38 113 15 ruling rule VERB emaj-38 113 16 elites elite NOUN emaj-38 113 17 represented represent VERB emaj-38 113 18 their their PRON emaj-38 113 19 own own ADJ emaj-38 113 20 population population NOUN emaj-38 113 21 . . PUNCT emaj-38 114 1 when when SCONJ emaj-38 114 2 western western ADJ emaj-38 114 3 geo geo PROPN emaj-38 114 4 - - ADJ emaj-38 114 5 strategic strategic ADJ emaj-38 114 6 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 114 7 are be AUX emaj-38 114 8 analyzed analyze VERB emaj-38 114 9 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 114 10 they they PRON emaj-38 114 11 included include VERB emaj-38 114 12 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 114 13 - - PUNCT emaj-38 114 14 israeli israeli ADJ emaj-38 114 15 peace peace NOUN emaj-38 114 16 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 114 17 and/or and/or CCONJ emaj-38 114 18 deterring deter VERB emaj-38 114 19 attacks attack NOUN emaj-38 114 20 on on ADP emaj-38 114 21 israel israel PROPN emaj-38 114 22 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 114 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 114 24 protecting protect VERB emaj-38 114 25 the the DET emaj-38 114 26 free free ADJ emaj-38 114 27 flow flow NOUN emaj-38 114 28 of of ADP emaj-38 114 29 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 114 30 to to ADP emaj-38 114 31 the the DET emaj-38 114 32 gulf gulf PROPN emaj-38 114 33 and and CCONJ emaj-38 114 34 its its PRON emaj-38 114 35 export export NOUN emaj-38 114 36 to to ADP emaj-38 114 37 the the DET emaj-38 114 38 west west NOUN emaj-38 114 39 , , PUNCT emaj-38 114 40 and and CCONJ emaj-38 114 41 facilitating facilitate VERB emaj-38 114 42 the the DET emaj-38 114 43 infrastructure infrastructure NOUN emaj-38 114 44 of of ADP emaj-38 114 45 u.s u.s PROPN emaj-38 114 46 . . PROPN emaj-38 114 47 military military ADJ emaj-38 114 48 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 114 49 , , PUNCT emaj-38 114 50 assistance assistance NOUN emaj-38 114 51 and/or and/or CCONJ emaj-38 114 52 defense defense NOUN emaj-38 114 53 in in ADP emaj-38 114 54 the the DET emaj-38 114 55 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 114 56 east east PROPN emaj-38 114 57 and and CCONJ emaj-38 114 58 south south PROPN emaj-38 114 59 asia asia PROPN emaj-38 114 60 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 114 61 brumberg brumberg PROPN emaj-38 114 62 et et PROPN emaj-38 114 63 . . PUNCT emaj-38 115 1 al al PROPN emaj-38 115 2 . . PROPN emaj-38 115 3 2010:50 2010:50 NUM emaj-38 115 4 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 115 5 . . PUNCT emaj-38 116 1 both both DET emaj-38 116 2 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 116 3 integration integration NOUN emaj-38 116 4 into into ADP emaj-38 116 5 the the DET emaj-38 116 6 neo neo ADJ emaj-38 116 7 - - ADJ emaj-38 116 8 liberal liberal ADJ emaj-38 116 9 market market NOUN emaj-38 116 10 and and CCONJ emaj-38 116 11 growing grow VERB emaj-38 116 12 domestic domestic ADJ emaj-38 116 13 legitimacy legitimacy NOUN emaj-38 116 14 deficits deficit NOUN emaj-38 116 15 pressured pressure VERB emaj-38 116 16 the the DET emaj-38 116 17 states state NOUN emaj-38 116 18 toward toward ADP emaj-38 116 19 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 116 20 omni omni ADJ emaj-38 116 21 - - PUNCT emaj-38 116 22 balancing balancing NOUN emaj-38 116 23 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 116 24 or or CCONJ emaj-38 116 25 bandwagoning bandwagoning NOUN emaj-38 116 26 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 116 27 hinnebusch hinnebusch NOUN emaj-38 116 28 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 116 29 : : PUNCT emaj-38 116 30 230 230 NUM emaj-38 116 31 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 116 32 with with ADP emaj-38 116 33 the the DET emaj-38 116 34 west west NOUN emaj-38 116 35 . . PUNCT emaj-38 117 1 moreover moreover ADV emaj-38 117 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 117 3 when when SCONJ emaj-38 117 4 the the DET emaj-38 117 5 role role NOUN emaj-38 117 6 of of ADP emaj-38 117 7 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 117 8 countries country NOUN emaj-38 117 9 are be AUX emaj-38 117 10 questioned question VERB emaj-38 117 11 globally globally ADV emaj-38 117 12 euro euro PROPN emaj-38 117 13 - - PUNCT emaj-38 117 14 mediterranean mediterranean PROPN emaj-38 117 15 partnership partnership PROPN emaj-38 117 16 initiative initiative NOUN emaj-38 117 17 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 117 18 empi empi PROPN emaj-38 117 19 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 117 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 117 21 an an DET emaj-38 117 22 outcome outcome NOUN emaj-38 117 23 of of ADP emaj-38 117 24 the the DET emaj-38 117 25 barcelona barcelona PROPN emaj-38 117 26 declaration declaration NOUN emaj-38 117 27 in in ADP emaj-38 117 28 1995 1995 NUM emaj-38 117 29 , , PUNCT emaj-38 117 30 as as ADV emaj-38 117 31 well well ADV emaj-38 117 32 clearly clearly ADV emaj-38 117 33 demonstrates demonstrate VERB emaj-38 117 34 the the DET emaj-38 117 35 periphery periphery ADJ emaj-38 117 36 role role NOUN emaj-38 117 37 given give VERB emaj-38 117 38 to to ADP emaj-38 117 39 the the DET emaj-38 117 40 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 117 41 countries country NOUN emaj-38 117 42 in in ADP emaj-38 117 43 europe europe PROPN emaj-38 117 44 's 's PART emaj-38 117 45 mediterranean mediterranean PROPN emaj-38 117 46 policy policy NOUN emaj-38 117 47 . . PUNCT emaj-38 118 1 the the DET emaj-38 118 2 initiative initiative NOUN emaj-38 118 3 to to PART emaj-38 118 4 build build VERB emaj-38 118 5 an an DET emaj-38 118 6 inter inter ADJ emaj-38 118 7 - - ADJ emaj-38 118 8 regional regional ADJ emaj-38 118 9 cooperation cooperation NOUN emaj-38 118 10 with with ADP emaj-38 118 11 the the DET emaj-38 118 12 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 118 13 world world NOUN emaj-38 118 14 was be AUX emaj-38 118 15 taken take VERB emaj-38 118 16 by by ADP emaj-38 118 17 the the DET emaj-38 118 18 eu eu PROPN emaj-38 118 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 118 20 in in ADP emaj-38 118 21 the the DET emaj-38 118 22 second second ADJ emaj-38 118 23 half half NOUN emaj-38 118 24 of of ADP emaj-38 118 25 1970s 1970 NOUN emaj-38 118 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 118 27 with with ADP emaj-38 118 28 energy energy NOUN emaj-38 118 29 and and CCONJ emaj-38 118 30 security security NOUN emaj-38 118 31 concerns concern NOUN emaj-38 118 32 . . PUNCT emaj-38 119 1 in in ADP emaj-38 119 2 the the DET emaj-38 119 3 immediate immediate ADJ emaj-38 119 4 post post ADJ emaj-38 119 5 cold cold ADJ emaj-38 119 6 - - PUNCT emaj-38 119 7 war war NOUN emaj-38 119 8 period period NOUN emaj-38 119 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 119 10 the the DET emaj-38 119 11 eu eu PROPN emaj-38 119 12 got get AUX emaj-38 119 13 officially officially ADV emaj-38 119 14 involved involve VERB emaj-38 119 15 in in ADP emaj-38 119 16 the the DET emaj-38 119 17 regional regional ADJ emaj-38 119 18 stability stability NOUN emaj-38 119 19 projects project NOUN emaj-38 119 20 in in ADP emaj-38 119 21 the the DET emaj-38 119 22 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 119 23 mediterranean mediterranean PROPN emaj-38 119 24 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 119 25 crawford crawford PROPN emaj-38 119 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 119 27 2003 2003 NUM emaj-38 119 28 : : PUNCT emaj-38 119 29 3 3 NUM emaj-38 119 30 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 119 31 . . PUNCT emaj-38 120 1 at at ADP emaj-38 120 2 the the DET emaj-38 120 3 heart heart NOUN emaj-38 120 4 of of ADP emaj-38 120 5 this this DET emaj-38 120 6 empi empi PROPN emaj-38 120 7 lies lie VERB emaj-38 120 8 the the DET emaj-38 120 9 need need NOUN emaj-38 120 10 for for ADP emaj-38 120 11 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 120 12 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 120 13 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 120 14 nonneman nonneman ADJ emaj-38 120 15 , , PUNCT emaj-38 120 16 2001 2001 NUM emaj-38 120 17 : : PUNCT emaj-38 120 18 157 157 NUM emaj-38 120 19 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 120 20 and and CCONJ emaj-38 120 21 containment containment NOUN emaj-38 120 22 of of ADP emaj-38 120 23 political political ADJ emaj-38 120 24 islam islam PROPN emaj-38 120 25 both both PRON emaj-38 120 26 for for ADP emaj-38 120 27 security security NOUN emaj-38 120 28 and and CCONJ emaj-38 120 29 assurance assurance NOUN emaj-38 120 30 of of ADP emaj-38 120 31 energy energy NOUN emaj-38 120 32 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 120 33 flows flow VERB emaj-38 120 34 to to ADP emaj-38 120 35 the the DET emaj-38 120 36 eu eu PROPN emaj-38 120 37 . . PROPN emaj-38 121 1 on on ADP emaj-38 121 2 the the DET emaj-38 121 3 other other ADJ emaj-38 121 4 hand hand NOUN emaj-38 121 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 121 6 from from ADP emaj-38 121 7 the the DET emaj-38 121 8 realistic realistic ADJ emaj-38 121 9 point point NOUN emaj-38 121 10 of of ADP emaj-38 121 11 view view NOUN emaj-38 121 12 , , PUNCT emaj-38 121 13 euro euro PROPN emaj-38 121 14 - - PUNCT emaj-38 121 15 mediterranean mediterranean PROPN emaj-38 121 16 partnership partnership NOUN emaj-38 121 17 is be AUX emaj-38 121 18 not not PART emaj-38 121 19 possible possible ADJ emaj-38 121 20 due due ADP emaj-38 121 21 to to ADP emaj-38 121 22 a a DET emaj-38 121 23 big big ADJ emaj-38 121 24 imbalance imbalance NOUN emaj-38 121 25 of of ADP emaj-38 121 26 power power NOUN emaj-38 121 27 between between ADP emaj-38 121 28 the the DET emaj-38 121 29 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 121 30 core core NOUN emaj-38 121 31 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 121 32 and and CCONJ emaj-38 121 33 the the DET emaj-38 121 34 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 121 35 periphery periphery NOUN emaj-38 121 36 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 121 37 , , PUNCT emaj-38 121 38 as as SCONJ emaj-38 121 39 crawford crawford PROPN emaj-38 121 40 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 121 41 2003 2003 NUM emaj-38 121 42 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 121 43 argues argue VERB emaj-38 121 44 . . PUNCT emaj-38 122 1 such such ADJ emaj-38 122 2 efforts effort NOUN emaj-38 122 3 are be AUX emaj-38 122 4 far far ADV emaj-38 122 5 from from ADP emaj-38 122 6 applying apply VERB emaj-38 122 7 the the DET emaj-38 122 8 leverage leverage NOUN emaj-38 122 9 effect effect NOUN emaj-38 122 10 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 122 11 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 122 12 and and CCONJ emaj-38 122 13 brunell brunell PROPN emaj-38 122 14 , , PUNCT emaj-38 122 15 2001 2001 NUM emaj-38 122 16 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 122 17 levitsky levitsky NOUN emaj-38 122 18 and and CCONJ emaj-38 122 19 way way NOUN emaj-38 122 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 122 21 2005 2005 NUM emaj-38 122 22 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 122 23 on on ADP emaj-38 122 24 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 122 25 development development NOUN emaj-38 122 26 and and CCONJ emaj-38 122 27 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 122 28 change change NOUN emaj-38 122 29 prospects prospect NOUN emaj-38 122 30 , , PUNCT emaj-38 122 31 but but CCONJ emaj-38 122 32 they they PRON emaj-38 122 33 push push VERB emaj-38 122 34 the the DET emaj-38 122 35 periphery periphery NOUN emaj-38 122 36 states state NOUN emaj-38 122 37 more more ADJ emaj-38 122 38 to to ADP emaj-38 122 39 the the DET emaj-38 122 40 margins margin NOUN emaj-38 122 41 getting get VERB emaj-38 122 42 them they PRON emaj-38 122 43 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 122 44 on on ADP emaj-38 122 45 the the DET emaj-38 122 46 core core NOUN emaj-38 122 47 states state NOUN emaj-38 122 48 ' ' PART emaj-38 122 49 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 122 50 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 122 51 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 122 52 joffè joffè NOUN emaj-38 122 53 1999 1999 NUM emaj-38 122 54 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 122 55 . . PUNCT emaj-38 123 1 according accord VERB emaj-38 123 2 to to ADP emaj-38 123 3 levitsky levitsky NOUN emaj-38 123 4 and and CCONJ emaj-38 123 5 way way NOUN emaj-38 123 6 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 123 7 2005 2005 NUM emaj-38 123 8 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 123 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 123 10 the the DET emaj-38 123 11 degree degree NOUN emaj-38 123 12 of of ADP emaj-38 123 13 leverage leverage NOUN emaj-38 123 14 one one NUM emaj-38 123 15 state state NOUN emaj-38 123 16 has have AUX emaj-38 123 17 over over ADP emaj-38 123 18 the the DET emaj-38 123 19 other other ADJ emaj-38 123 20 is be AUX emaj-38 123 21 high high ADJ emaj-38 123 22 if if SCONJ emaj-38 123 23 and and CCONJ emaj-38 123 24 when when SCONJ emaj-38 123 25 three three NUM emaj-38 123 26 conditions condition NOUN emaj-38 123 27 are be AUX emaj-38 123 28 met meet VERB emaj-38 123 29 : : PUNCT emaj-38 123 30 1)the 1)the NUM emaj-38 123 31 addressed address VERB emaj-38 123 32 state state NOUN emaj-38 123 33 is be AUX emaj-38 123 34 economically economically ADV emaj-38 123 35 and and CCONJ emaj-38 123 36 militarily militarily ADV emaj-38 123 37 weak weak ADJ emaj-38 123 38 and and CCONJ emaj-38 123 39 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 123 40 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 123 41 2 2 X emaj-38 123 42 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 123 43 the the DET emaj-38 123 44 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 123 45 levering levering ADJ emaj-38 123 46 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 123 47 state state NOUN emaj-38 123 48 has have VERB emaj-38 123 49 no no DET emaj-38 123 50 significant significant ADJ emaj-38 123 51 other other ADJ emaj-38 123 52 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 123 53 potentially potentially ADV emaj-38 123 54 conflicting conflicting ADJ emaj-38 123 55 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 123 56 policy policy NOUN emaj-38 123 57 goals goal NOUN emaj-38 123 58 or or CCONJ emaj-38 123 59 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 123 60 apart apart ADV emaj-38 123 61 from from ADP emaj-38 123 62 achieving achieve VERB emaj-38 123 63 political political ADJ emaj-38 123 64 change change NOUN emaj-38 123 65 in in ADP emaj-38 123 66 the the DET emaj-38 123 67 addressed address VERB emaj-38 123 68 country country NOUN emaj-38 123 69 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 123 70 3 3 X emaj-38 123 71 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 123 72 other other ADJ emaj-38 123 73 regional regional ADJ emaj-38 123 74 powers power NOUN emaj-38 123 75 do do AUX emaj-38 123 76 not not PART emaj-38 123 77 play play VERB emaj-38 123 78 a a DET emaj-38 123 79 major major ADJ emaj-38 123 80 role role NOUN emaj-38 123 81 in in ADP emaj-38 123 82 the the DET emaj-38 123 83 political political ADJ emaj-38 123 84 game game NOUN emaj-38 123 85 between between ADP emaj-38 123 86 the the DET emaj-38 123 87 two two NUM emaj-38 123 88 countries country NOUN emaj-38 123 89 concerned concern VERB emaj-38 123 90 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 123 91 burnell burnell PROPN emaj-38 123 92 and and CCONJ emaj-38 123 93 oliver oliver PROPN emaj-38 123 94 schlumberger schlumberger PROPN emaj-38 123 95 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 123 96 2010:6 2010:6 NUM emaj-38 123 97 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 123 98 11 11 NUM emaj-38 123 99 as as SCONJ emaj-38 123 100 this this PRON emaj-38 123 101 has have AUX emaj-38 123 102 been be AUX emaj-38 123 103 a a DET emaj-38 123 104 role role NOUN emaj-38 123 105 of of ADP emaj-38 123 106 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 123 107 since since SCONJ emaj-38 123 108 1977 1977 NUM emaj-38 123 109 , , PUNCT emaj-38 123 110 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 123 111 - - PUNCT emaj-38 123 112 israel israel PROPN emaj-38 123 113 peace peace NOUN emaj-38 123 114 treaty treaty NOUN emaj-38 123 115 where where SCONJ emaj-38 123 116 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 123 117 would would AUX emaj-38 123 118 be be AUX emaj-38 123 119 the the DET emaj-38 123 120 first first ADJ emaj-38 123 121 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 123 122 state state NOUN emaj-38 123 123 to to PART emaj-38 123 124 recognize recognize VERB emaj-38 123 125 israeli israeli ADJ emaj-38 123 126 state state NOUN emaj-38 123 127 in in ADP emaj-38 123 128 the the DET emaj-38 123 129 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 123 130 east east PROPN emaj-38 123 131 and and CCONJ emaj-38 123 132 in in ADP emaj-38 123 133 return return NOUN emaj-38 123 134 receive receive VERB emaj-38 123 135 an an DET emaj-38 123 136 annual annual ADJ emaj-38 123 137 sum sum NOUN emaj-38 123 138 of of ADP emaj-38 123 139 1.3 1.3 NUM emaj-38 123 140 billion billion NUM emaj-38 123 141 usd usd NOUN emaj-38 123 142 of of ADP emaj-38 123 143 military military ADJ emaj-38 123 144 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 123 145 from from ADP emaj-38 123 146 the the DET emaj-38 123 147 us us PROPN emaj-38 123 148 . . PUNCT emaj-38 124 1 see see VERB emaj-38 124 2 sharp sharp ADJ emaj-38 124 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 124 4 2010 2010 NUM emaj-38 124 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 124 6 us we PRON emaj-38 124 7 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 124 8 assistance assistance NOUN emaj-38 124 9 to to ADP emaj-38 124 10 the the DET emaj-38 124 11 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 124 12 east east PROPN emaj-38 124 13 12 12 NUM emaj-38 124 14 between between ADP emaj-38 124 15 2004 2004 NUM emaj-38 124 16 - - SYM emaj-38 124 17 2008 2008 NUM emaj-38 124 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 124 19 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 124 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 124 21 jordan jordan PROPN emaj-38 124 22 , , PUNCT emaj-38 124 23 pakistan pakistan PROPN emaj-38 124 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 124 25 bahrain bahrain NOUN emaj-38 124 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 124 27 tunisia tunisia PROPN emaj-38 124 28 have have AUX emaj-38 124 29 received receive VERB emaj-38 124 30 significant significant ADJ emaj-38 124 31 amounts amount NOUN emaj-38 124 32 of of ADP emaj-38 124 33 us we PRON emaj-38 124 34 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 124 35 military military ADJ emaj-38 124 36 finances finance NOUN emaj-38 124 37 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 124 38 fmf fmf NOUN emaj-38 124 39 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 124 40         SPACE emaj-38 124 41 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 124 42 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 124 43 to to ADP emaj-38 124 44 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 124 45 in in ADP emaj-38 124 46 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 124 47 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 124 48 markets market NOUN emaj-38 124 49 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 124 50 | | ADV emaj-38 124 51 p p NOUN emaj-38 124 52 a a DET emaj-38 124 53 g g NOUN emaj-38 124 54 e e NOUN emaj-38 124 55 | | ADV emaj-38 124 56 42 42 NUM emaj-38 124 57 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 124 58 3 3 NUM emaj-38 124 59 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 124 60 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 124 61 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 124 62 | | ADV emaj-38 124 63 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 124 64 - - PUNCT emaj-38 124 65 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 124 66 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 124 67 online online NOUN emaj-38 124 68 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 124 69 | | ADV emaj-38 124 70 doi doi X emaj-38 124 71 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 124 72 / / SYM emaj-38 124 73 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 124 74 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu X emaj-38 124 75 since since SCONJ emaj-38 124 76 the the DET emaj-38 124 77 two two NUM emaj-38 124 78 latter latter ADJ emaj-38 124 79 conditions condition NOUN emaj-38 124 80 have have AUX emaj-38 124 81 never never ADV emaj-38 124 82 existed exist VERB emaj-38 124 83 in in ADP emaj-38 124 84 the the DET emaj-38 124 85 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 124 86 case case NOUN emaj-38 124 87 , , PUNCT emaj-38 124 88 any any DET emaj-38 124 89 external external ADJ emaj-38 124 90 initiative13 initiative13 NOUN emaj-38 124 91 for for ADP emaj-38 124 92 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 124 93 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 124 94 and and CCONJ emaj-38 124 95 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 124 96 change change NOUN emaj-38 124 97 in in ADP emaj-38 124 98 the the DET emaj-38 124 99 region region NOUN emaj-38 124 100 will will AUX emaj-38 124 101 be be AUX emaj-38 124 102 an an DET emaj-38 124 103 unbalanced unbalanced ADJ emaj-38 124 104 barter barter NOUN emaj-38 124 105 . . PUNCT emaj-38 125 1 moreover moreover ADV emaj-38 125 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 125 3 they they PRON emaj-38 125 4 will will AUX emaj-38 125 5 reinforce reinforce VERB emaj-38 125 6 the the DET emaj-38 125 7 existing exist VERB emaj-38 125 8 elites elite NOUN emaj-38 125 9 of of ADP emaj-38 125 10 the the DET emaj-38 125 11 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 125 12 liable liable ADJ emaj-38 125 13 to to ADP emaj-38 125 14 an an DET emaj-38 125 15 undersigned undersigned ADJ emaj-38 125 16 partnership partnership NOUN emaj-38 125 17 agreement agreement NOUN emaj-38 125 18 making make VERB emaj-38 125 19 them they PRON emaj-38 125 20 less less ADV emaj-38 125 21 credible credible ADJ emaj-38 125 22 to to ADP emaj-38 125 23 their their PRON emaj-38 125 24 population population NOUN emaj-38 125 25 increasing increase VERB emaj-38 125 26 the the DET emaj-38 125 27 anti anti ADJ emaj-38 125 28 - - ADJ emaj-38 125 29 western western ADJ emaj-38 125 30 feelings feeling NOUN emaj-38 125 31 among among ADP emaj-38 125 32 the the DET emaj-38 125 33 public public NOUN emaj-38 125 34 . . PUNCT emaj-38 126 1 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 126 2 gulf gulf PROPN emaj-38 126 3 security security NOUN emaj-38 126 4 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 126 5 has have VERB emaj-38 126 6 at at ADP emaj-38 126 7 its its PRON emaj-38 126 8 heart heart NOUN emaj-38 126 9 the the DET emaj-38 126 10 interlinked interlinked ADJ emaj-38 126 11 components component NOUN emaj-38 126 12 of of ADP emaj-38 126 13 domestic domestic ADJ emaj-38 126 14 stability stability NOUN emaj-38 126 15 and and CCONJ emaj-38 126 16 perceived perceive VERB emaj-38 126 17 regional regional ADJ emaj-38 126 18 threats threat NOUN emaj-38 126 19 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 126 20 nonneman nonneman ADJ emaj-38 126 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 126 22 2001 2001 NUM emaj-38 126 23 : : PUNCT emaj-38 126 24 141 141 NUM emaj-38 126 25 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 126 26 . . PUNCT emaj-38 127 1 any any DET emaj-38 127 2 kind kind NOUN emaj-38 127 3 of of ADP emaj-38 127 4 social social ADJ emaj-38 127 5 upheaval upheaval NOUN emaj-38 127 6 is be AUX emaj-38 127 7 not not PART emaj-38 127 8 desired desire VERB emaj-38 127 9 by by ADP emaj-38 127 10 neither neither CCONJ emaj-38 127 11 the the DET emaj-38 127 12 ruling rule VERB emaj-38 127 13 elite elite NOUN emaj-38 127 14 of of ADP emaj-38 127 15 the the DET emaj-38 127 16 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 127 17 states state NOUN emaj-38 127 18 nor nor CCONJ emaj-38 127 19 by by ADP emaj-38 127 20 their their PRON emaj-38 127 21 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 127 22 strategic strategic ADJ emaj-38 127 23 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 127 24 western western ADJ emaj-38 127 25 partners partner NOUN emaj-38 127 26 . . PUNCT emaj-38 128 1 therefore therefore ADV emaj-38 128 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 128 3 the the DET emaj-38 128 4 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 128 5 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 128 6 in in ADP emaj-38 128 7 both both DET emaj-38 128 8 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 128 9 - - PUNCT emaj-38 128 10 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 128 11 and and CCONJ emaj-38 128 12 oilpoor oilpoor ADJ emaj-38 128 13 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 128 14 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 128 15 will will AUX emaj-38 128 16 most most ADV emaj-38 128 17 probably probably ADV emaj-38 128 18 not not PART emaj-38 128 19 be be AUX emaj-38 128 20 leading lead VERB emaj-38 128 21 to to ADP emaj-38 128 22 a a DET emaj-38 128 23 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 128 24 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 128 25 change change NOUN emaj-38 128 26 as as ADV emaj-38 128 27 long long ADV emaj-38 128 28 as as SCONJ emaj-38 128 29 the the DET emaj-38 128 30 geostrategic geostrategic ADJ emaj-38 128 31 importance importance NOUN emaj-38 128 32 of of ADP emaj-38 128 33 the the DET emaj-38 128 34 autocratic autocratic ADJ emaj-38 128 35 states state NOUN emaj-38 128 36 remains remain VERB emaj-38 128 37 at at ADP emaj-38 128 38 the the DET emaj-38 128 39 periphery periphery NOUN emaj-38 128 40 , , PUNCT emaj-38 128 41 bound bind VERB emaj-38 128 42 tightly tightly ADV emaj-38 128 43 to to ADP emaj-38 128 44 the the DET emaj-38 128 45 liberal liberal ADJ emaj-38 128 46 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 128 47 system system NOUN emaj-38 128 48 and and CCONJ emaj-38 128 49 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 128 50 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 128 51 of of ADP emaj-38 128 52 the the DET emaj-38 128 53 center center NOUN emaj-38 128 54 . . PUNCT emaj-38 129 1 war war NOUN emaj-38 129 2 making making NOUN emaj-38 129 3 and and CCONJ emaj-38 129 4 state state NOUN emaj-38 129 5 keeping keeping NOUN emaj-38 129 6 : : PUNCT emaj-38 129 7 military military ADJ emaj-38 129 8 interventions intervention NOUN emaj-38 129 9 for for ADP emaj-38 129 10 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 129 11 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 129 12 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 129 13 ? ? PUNCT emaj-38 130 1 tillyan tillyan PROPN emaj-38 130 2 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 130 3 1985 1985 NUM emaj-38 130 4 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 130 5 explanation explanation NOUN emaj-38 130 6 of of ADP emaj-38 130 7 the the DET emaj-38 130 8 close close ADJ emaj-38 130 9 link link NOUN emaj-38 130 10 between between ADP emaj-38 130 11 war war NOUN emaj-38 130 12 making making NOUN emaj-38 130 13 and and CCONJ emaj-38 130 14 state state NOUN emaj-38 130 15 making making NOUN emaj-38 130 16 in in ADP emaj-38 130 17 european european ADJ emaj-38 130 18 history history NOUN emaj-38 130 19 gives give VERB emaj-38 130 20 the the DET emaj-38 130 21 contemporary contemporary ADJ emaj-38 130 22 scholars scholar NOUN emaj-38 130 23 an an DET emaj-38 130 24 accurate accurate ADJ emaj-38 130 25 line line NOUN emaj-38 130 26 of of ADP emaj-38 130 27 events event NOUN emaj-38 130 28 to to PART emaj-38 130 29 follow follow VERB emaj-38 130 30 and and CCONJ emaj-38 130 31 apply apply VERB emaj-38 130 32 in in ADP emaj-38 130 33 the the DET emaj-38 130 34 global global ADJ emaj-38 130 35 conjuncture conjuncture NOUN emaj-38 130 36 . . PUNCT emaj-38 131 1 although although SCONJ emaj-38 131 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 131 3 the the DET emaj-38 131 4 connection connection NOUN emaj-38 131 5 between between ADP emaj-38 131 6 the the DET emaj-38 131 7 two two NUM emaj-38 131 8 is be AUX emaj-38 131 9 absent absent ADJ emaj-38 131 10 from from ADP emaj-38 131 11 most most ADJ emaj-38 131 12 state state NOUN emaj-38 131 13 formation formation NOUN emaj-38 131 14 processes process NOUN emaj-38 131 15 in in ADP emaj-38 131 16 the the DET emaj-38 131 17 third third ADJ emaj-38 131 18 world world NOUN emaj-38 131 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 131 20 as as SCONJ emaj-38 131 21 schwarz schwarz PROPN emaj-38 131 22 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 131 23 2004:4 2004:4 NUM emaj-38 131 24 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 131 25 argues argue VERB emaj-38 131 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 131 27 the the DET emaj-38 131 28 role role NOUN emaj-38 131 29 of of ADP emaj-38 131 30 western western ADJ emaj-38 131 31 military military ADJ emaj-38 131 32 interventions intervention NOUN emaj-38 131 33 in in ADP emaj-38 131 34 forming form VERB emaj-38 131 35 the the DET emaj-38 131 36 state state NOUN emaj-38 131 37 class class NOUN emaj-38 131 38 , , PUNCT emaj-38 131 39 most most ADJ emaj-38 131 40 of of ADP emaj-38 131 41 the the DET emaj-38 131 42 times time NOUN emaj-38 131 43 risking risk VERB emaj-38 131 44 a a DET emaj-38 131 45 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 131 46 war war NOUN emaj-38 131 47 is be AUX emaj-38 131 48 still still ADV emaj-38 131 49 significant significant ADJ emaj-38 131 50 . . PUNCT emaj-38 132 1 there there PRON emaj-38 132 2 are be VERB emaj-38 132 3 numerous numerous ADJ emaj-38 132 4 examples example NOUN emaj-38 132 5 -not -not PUNCT emaj-38 132 6 only only ADV emaj-38 132 7 in in ADP emaj-38 132 8 the the DET emaj-38 132 9 region region NOUN emaj-38 132 10 but but CCONJ emaj-38 132 11 in in ADP emaj-38 132 12 the the DET emaj-38 132 13 third third ADJ emaj-38 132 14 worldof worldof NOUN emaj-38 132 15 military military NOUN emaj-38 132 16 intervention intervention NOUN emaj-38 132 17 by by ADP emaj-38 132 18 the the DET emaj-38 132 19 world world NOUN emaj-38 132 20 powers power NOUN emaj-38 132 21 occurred occur VERB emaj-38 132 22 with with ADP emaj-38 132 23 the the DET emaj-38 132 24 argument argument NOUN emaj-38 132 25 of of ADP emaj-38 132 26 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 132 27 bringing bring VERB emaj-38 132 28 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 132 29 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 132 30 and and CCONJ emaj-38 132 31 demolishing demolish VERB emaj-38 132 32 a a DET emaj-38 132 33 ruling rule VERB emaj-38 132 34 dictator dictator NOUN emaj-38 132 35 , , PUNCT emaj-38 132 36 where where SCONJ emaj-38 132 37 real real ADJ emaj-38 132 38 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 132 39 never never ADV emaj-38 132 40 came come VERB emaj-38 132 41 to to ADP emaj-38 132 42 being be AUX emaj-38 132 43 but but CCONJ emaj-38 132 44 only only ADV emaj-38 132 45 a a DET emaj-38 132 46 new new ADJ emaj-38 132 47 class class NOUN emaj-38 132 48 of of ADP emaj-38 132 49 state state NOUN emaj-38 132 50 elites elite NOUN emaj-38 132 51 . . PUNCT emaj-38 133 1 keeping keep VERB emaj-38 133 2 in in ADP emaj-38 133 3 mind mind NOUN emaj-38 133 4 the the DET emaj-38 133 5 support support NOUN emaj-38 133 6 of of ADP emaj-38 133 7 the the DET emaj-38 133 8 very very ADV emaj-38 133 9 same same ADJ emaj-38 133 10 powers power NOUN emaj-38 133 11 for for ADP emaj-38 133 12 the the DET emaj-38 133 13 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 133 14 leaders leader NOUN emaj-38 133 15 , , PUNCT emaj-38 133 16 when when SCONJ emaj-38 133 17 their their PRON emaj-38 133 18 own own ADJ emaj-38 133 19 policy policy NOUN emaj-38 133 20 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 133 21 in in ADP emaj-38 133 22 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 133 23 stability stability NOUN emaj-38 133 24 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 133 25 were be AUX emaj-38 133 26 at at ADP emaj-38 133 27 stake stake NOUN emaj-38 133 28 , , PUNCT emaj-38 133 29 periodic periodic ADJ emaj-38 133 30 military military ADJ emaj-38 133 31 interventions intervention NOUN emaj-38 133 32 in in ADP emaj-38 133 33 the the DET emaj-38 133 34 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 133 35 region region PROPN emaj-38 133 36 to to PART emaj-38 133 37 bring bring VERB emaj-38 133 38 down down ADP emaj-38 133 39 the the DET emaj-38 133 40 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 133 41 and and CCONJ emaj-38 133 42 these these PRON emaj-38 133 43 raise raise VERB emaj-38 133 44 questions question NOUN emaj-38 133 45 about about ADP emaj-38 133 46 the the DET emaj-38 133 47 particular particular ADJ emaj-38 133 48 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 133 49 of of ADP emaj-38 133 50 world world NOUN emaj-38 133 51 powers power NOUN emaj-38 133 52 in in ADP emaj-38 133 53 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 133 54 of of ADP emaj-38 133 55 the the DET emaj-38 133 56 region region NOUN emaj-38 133 57 . . PUNCT emaj-38 134 1 today today NOUN emaj-38 134 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 134 3 it it PRON emaj-38 134 4 is be AUX emaj-38 134 5 libya libya PROPN emaj-38 134 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 134 7 before before SCONJ emaj-38 134 8 it it PRON emaj-38 134 9 was be AUX emaj-38 134 10 iraq iraq PROPN emaj-38 134 11 , , PUNCT emaj-38 134 12 and and CCONJ emaj-38 134 13 afghanistan afghanistan PROPN emaj-38 134 14 , , PUNCT emaj-38 134 15 iran iran PROPN emaj-38 134 16 are be AUX emaj-38 134 17 on on ADP emaj-38 134 18 the the DET emaj-38 134 19 agenda agenda NOUN emaj-38 134 20 . . PUNCT emaj-38 135 1 when when SCONJ emaj-38 135 2 the the DET emaj-38 135 3 amount amount NOUN emaj-38 135 4 of of ADP emaj-38 135 5 arms arm NOUN emaj-38 135 6 exports export NOUN emaj-38 135 7 to to ADP emaj-38 135 8 conflict conflict NOUN emaj-38 135 9 areas area NOUN emaj-38 135 10 by by ADP emaj-38 135 11 the the DET emaj-38 135 12 western western ADJ emaj-38 135 13 powers power NOUN emaj-38 135 14 are be AUX emaj-38 135 15 taken take VERB emaj-38 135 16 into into ADP emaj-38 135 17 account account NOUN emaj-38 135 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 135 19 the the DET emaj-38 135 20 big big ADJ emaj-38 135 21 picture picture NOUN emaj-38 135 22 becomes become VERB emaj-38 135 23 even even ADV emaj-38 135 24 more more ADV emaj-38 135 25 complicated complicated ADJ emaj-38 135 26 . . PUNCT emaj-38 136 1 documentation documentation NOUN emaj-38 136 2 of of ADP emaj-38 136 3 libyan libyan ADJ emaj-38 136 4 paramilitaries paramilitary NOUN emaj-38 136 5 with with ADP emaj-38 136 6 fn fn PROPN emaj-38 136 7 harstelone harstelone NOUN emaj-38 136 8 of of ADP emaj-38 136 9 the the DET emaj-38 136 10 biggest big ADJ emaj-38 136 11 light light ADJ emaj-38 136 12 arms arm NOUN emaj-38 136 13 company company NOUN emaj-38 136 14 in in ADP emaj-38 136 15 europemachine europemachine NOUN emaj-38 136 16 guns gun NOUN emaj-38 136 17 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 136 18 lesoir lesoir NOUN emaj-38 136 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 136 20 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 136 21 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 136 22 , , PUNCT emaj-38 136 23 at at ADP emaj-38 136 24 the the DET emaj-38 136 25 time time NOUN emaj-38 136 26 of of ADP emaj-38 136 27 nato nato PROPN emaj-38 136 28 intervention intervention NOUN emaj-38 136 29 in in ADP emaj-38 136 30 libya libya PROPN emaj-38 136 31 to to PART emaj-38 136 32 bring bring VERB emaj-38 136 33 down down ADP emaj-38 136 34 gaddafi gaddafi NOUN emaj-38 136 35 , , PUNCT emaj-38 136 36 raised raise VERB emaj-38 136 37 even even ADV emaj-38 136 38 more more ADJ emaj-38 136 39 questions question NOUN emaj-38 136 40 on on ADP emaj-38 136 41 the the DET emaj-38 136 42 western western ADJ emaj-38 136 43 incentives incentive NOUN emaj-38 136 44 for for ADP emaj-38 136 45 the the DET emaj-38 136 46 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 136 47 type type NOUN emaj-38 136 48 in in ADP emaj-38 136 49 the the DET emaj-38 136 50 region region NOUN emaj-38 136 51 . . PUNCT emaj-38 137 1 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 137 2 historian historian PROPN emaj-38 137 3 frederic frederic PROPN emaj-38 137 4 lane lane PROPN emaj-38 137 5 argued argue VERB emaj-38 137 6 that that SCONJ emaj-38 137 7 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 137 8 governments government NOUN emaj-38 137 9 are be AUX emaj-38 137 10 in in ADP emaj-38 137 11 the the DET emaj-38 137 12 business business NOUN emaj-38 137 13 of of ADP emaj-38 137 14 selling sell VERB emaj-38 137 15 protection protection NOUN emaj-38 137 16 ... ... PUNCT emaj-38 137 17 whether whether SCONJ emaj-38 137 18 people people NOUN emaj-38 137 19 want want VERB emaj-38 137 20 it it PRON emaj-38 137 21 or or CCONJ emaj-38 137 22 not not PART emaj-38 137 23 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 137 24 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 137 25 tilly tilly ADV emaj-38 137 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 137 27 1985 1985 NUM emaj-38 137 28 : : PUNCT emaj-38 137 29 175 175 NUM emaj-38 137 30 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 137 31 . . PUNCT emaj-38 138 1 lane lane PROPN emaj-38 138 2 argued argue VERB emaj-38 138 3 that that SCONJ emaj-38 138 4 the the DET emaj-38 138 5 very very ADJ emaj-38 138 6 activity activity NOUN emaj-38 138 7 of of ADP emaj-38 138 8 producing produce VERB emaj-38 138 9 and and CCONJ emaj-38 138 10 controlling control VERB emaj-38 138 11 13examples 13examples NUM emaj-38 138 12 of of ADP emaj-38 138 13 other other ADJ emaj-38 138 14 such such ADJ emaj-38 138 15 initiatives initiative NOUN emaj-38 138 16 taken take VERB emaj-38 138 17 by by ADP emaj-38 138 18 the the DET emaj-38 138 19 us us PROPN emaj-38 138 20 are be AUX emaj-38 138 21 : : PUNCT emaj-38 138 22 usaid usaid ADJ emaj-38 138 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 138 24 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 138 25 east east PROPN emaj-38 138 26 partnership partnership PROPN emaj-38 138 27 initiative initiative NOUN emaj-38 138 28 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 138 29 2002 2002 NUM emaj-38 138 30 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 138 31 , , PUNCT emaj-38 138 32 freedom freedom NOUN emaj-38 138 33 agenda agenda NOUN emaj-38 138 34 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 138 35 2003 2003 NUM emaj-38 138 36 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 138 37         SPACE emaj-38 138 38 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 138 39 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 138 40 to to ADP emaj-38 138 41 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 138 42 in in ADP emaj-38 138 43 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 138 44 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 138 45 markets market NOUN emaj-38 138 46 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 138 47 | | ADV emaj-38 138 48 p p NOUN emaj-38 138 49 a a DET emaj-38 138 50 g g NOUN emaj-38 138 51 e e NOUN emaj-38 139 1 | | ADV emaj-38 139 2 43 43 NUM emaj-38 139 3 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 139 4 3 3 NUM emaj-38 139 5 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 139 6 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 139 7 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 139 8 | | ADV emaj-38 139 9 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 139 10 - - PUNCT emaj-38 139 11 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 139 12 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 139 13 online online NOUN emaj-38 139 14 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 139 15 | | ADV emaj-38 139 16 doi doi X emaj-38 139 17 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 139 18 / / SYM emaj-38 139 19 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 139 20 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu PROPN emaj-38 139 21 violence violence NOUN emaj-38 139 22 favored favor VERB emaj-38 139 23 monopoly monopoly NOUN emaj-38 139 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 139 25 because because SCONJ emaj-38 139 26 competition competition NOUN emaj-38 139 27 within within ADP emaj-38 139 28 that that DET emaj-38 139 29 realm realm NOUN emaj-38 139 30 generally generally ADV emaj-38 139 31 raised raise VERB emaj-38 139 32 costs cost NOUN emaj-38 139 33 , , PUNCT emaj-38 139 34 instead instead ADV emaj-38 139 35 of of ADP emaj-38 139 36 lowering lower VERB emaj-38 139 37 them they PRON emaj-38 139 38 . . PUNCT emaj-38 140 1 the the DET emaj-38 140 2 production production NOUN emaj-38 140 3 of of ADP emaj-38 140 4 violence violence NOUN emaj-38 140 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 140 6 he he PRON emaj-38 140 7 suggested suggest VERB emaj-38 140 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 140 9 enjoyed enjoy VERB emaj-38 140 10 large large ADJ emaj-38 140 11 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 140 12 of of ADP emaj-38 140 13 scale scale NOUN emaj-38 140 14 . . PUNCT emaj-38 141 1 therefore therefore ADV emaj-38 141 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 141 3 one one PRON emaj-38 141 4 can can AUX emaj-38 141 5 argue argue VERB emaj-38 141 6 that that SCONJ emaj-38 141 7 the the DET emaj-38 141 8 only only ADJ emaj-38 141 9 way way NOUN emaj-38 141 10 to to PART emaj-38 141 11 demand demand VERB emaj-38 141 12 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 141 13 and and CCONJ emaj-38 141 14 human human ADJ emaj-38 141 15 rights right NOUN emaj-38 141 16 for for ADP emaj-38 141 17 overwhelmingly overwhelmingly ADV emaj-38 141 18 suppressed suppress VERB emaj-38 141 19 populations population NOUN emaj-38 141 20 of of ADP emaj-38 141 21 dictatorships dictatorship NOUN emaj-38 141 22 if if SCONJ emaj-38 141 23 public public ADJ emaj-38 141 24 upheavals upheaval NOUN emaj-38 141 25 which which PRON emaj-38 141 26 would would AUX emaj-38 141 27 destabilize destabilize VERB emaj-38 141 28 the the DET emaj-38 141 29 region region NOUN emaj-38 141 30 . . PUNCT emaj-38 142 1 however however ADV emaj-38 142 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 142 3 repressive repressive ADJ emaj-38 142 4 dictators dictator NOUN emaj-38 142 5 in in ADP emaj-38 142 6 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 142 7 - - PUNCT emaj-38 142 8 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 142 9 -relativelysmall -relativelysmall NOUN emaj-38 142 10 rentiers rentier NOUN emaj-38 142 11 have have VERB emaj-38 142 12 enough enough ADJ emaj-38 142 13 military military ADJ emaj-38 142 14 infrastructures infrastructure NOUN emaj-38 142 15 to to PART emaj-38 142 16 suppress suppress VERB emaj-38 142 17 the the DET emaj-38 142 18 possible possible ADJ emaj-38 142 19 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 142 20 against against ADP emaj-38 142 21 the the DET emaj-38 142 22 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 142 23 given give VERB emaj-38 142 24 the the DET emaj-38 142 25 arms arm NOUN emaj-38 142 26 exports export NOUN emaj-38 142 27 and and CCONJ emaj-38 142 28 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 142 29 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 142 30 . . PUNCT emaj-38 143 1 at at ADP emaj-38 143 2 this this DET emaj-38 143 3 moment moment NOUN emaj-38 143 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 143 5 it it PRON emaj-38 143 6 is be AUX emaj-38 143 7 important important ADJ emaj-38 143 8 to to PART emaj-38 143 9 realize realize VERB emaj-38 143 10 the the DET emaj-38 143 11 likeliness likeliness NOUN emaj-38 143 12 of of ADP emaj-38 143 13 instability instability NOUN emaj-38 143 14 and and CCONJ emaj-38 143 15 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 143 16 war war NOUN emaj-38 143 17 in in ADP emaj-38 143 18 a a DET emaj-38 143 19 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 143 20 state state NOUN emaj-38 143 21 with with ADP emaj-38 143 22 illegitimate illegitimate ADJ emaj-38 143 23 ruling ruling NOUN emaj-38 143 24 elites elite NOUN emaj-38 143 25 , , PUNCT emaj-38 143 26 and and CCONJ emaj-38 143 27 the the DET emaj-38 143 28 role role NOUN emaj-38 143 29 of of ADP emaj-38 143 30 intervening intervene VERB emaj-38 143 31 actors actor NOUN emaj-38 143 32 -who -who PRON emaj-38 143 33 are be AUX emaj-38 143 34 more more ADV emaj-38 143 35 or or CCONJ emaj-38 143 36 less less ADV emaj-38 143 37 sure sure ADJ emaj-38 143 38 of of ADP emaj-38 143 39 having have VERB emaj-38 143 40 stronger strong ADJ emaj-38 143 41 military military ADJ emaj-38 143 42 infrastructure infrastructure NOUN emaj-38 143 43 than than SCONJ emaj-38 143 44 the the DET emaj-38 143 45 intervenedto intervenedto PROPN emaj-38 143 46 further far ADV emaj-38 143 47 destabilize destabilize VERB emaj-38 143 48 the the DET emaj-38 143 49 situation situation NOUN emaj-38 143 50 to to PART emaj-38 143 51 achieve achieve VERB emaj-38 143 52 stability stability NOUN emaj-38 143 53 in in ADP emaj-38 143 54 the the DET emaj-38 143 55 end end NOUN emaj-38 143 56 . . PUNCT emaj-38 144 1 stability stability NOUN emaj-38 144 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 144 3 for for ADP emaj-38 144 4 the the DET emaj-38 144 5 external external ADJ emaj-38 144 6 actors actor NOUN emaj-38 144 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 144 8 means mean VERB emaj-38 144 9 a a DET emaj-38 144 10 state state NOUN emaj-38 144 11 infrastructure infrastructure NOUN emaj-38 144 12 -ideally -ideally ADV emaj-38 144 13 a a DET emaj-38 144 14 shadow shadow NOUN emaj-38 144 15 state state NOUN emaj-38 144 16 to to PART emaj-38 144 17 be be AUX emaj-38 144 18 flexible flexible ADJ emaj-38 144 19 enough enough ADV emaj-38 144 20 that that PRON emaj-38 144 21 is be AUX emaj-38 144 22 able able ADJ emaj-38 144 23 to to PART emaj-38 144 24 conform conform VERB emaj-38 144 25 to to ADP emaj-38 144 26 the the DET emaj-38 144 27 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 144 28 policy policy NOUN emaj-38 144 29 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 144 30 of of ADP emaj-38 144 31 the the DET emaj-38 144 32 intervening intervene VERB emaj-38 144 33 actors actor NOUN emaj-38 144 34 . . PUNCT emaj-38 145 1 collier collier NOUN emaj-38 145 2 and and CCONJ emaj-38 145 3 anke anke PROPN emaj-38 145 4 hoeffler hoeffler PROPN emaj-38 145 5 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 145 6 1998 1998 NUM emaj-38 145 7 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 145 8 found find VERB emaj-38 145 9 that that SCONJ emaj-38 145 10 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 145 11 rents rent NOUN emaj-38 145 12 had have VERB emaj-38 145 13 a a DET emaj-38 145 14 parabolic parabolic ADJ emaj-38 145 15 effect effect NOUN emaj-38 145 16 on on ADP emaj-38 145 17 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 145 18 war war NOUN emaj-38 145 19 onset onset NOUN emaj-38 145 20 and and CCONJ emaj-38 145 21 intensity intensity NOUN emaj-38 145 22 : : PUNCT emaj-38 145 23 increasing increase VERB emaj-38 145 24 reliance reliance NOUN emaj-38 145 25 on on ADP emaj-38 145 26 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 145 27 rent rent NOUN emaj-38 145 28 increases increase VERB emaj-38 145 29 the the DET emaj-38 145 30 likelihood likelihood NOUN emaj-38 145 31 of of ADP emaj-38 145 32 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 145 33 war war NOUN emaj-38 145 34 up up ADP emaj-38 145 35 to to ADP emaj-38 145 36 a a DET emaj-38 145 37 point point NOUN emaj-38 145 38 , , PUNCT emaj-38 145 39 after after ADP emaj-38 145 40 which which PRON emaj-38 145 41 that that DET emaj-38 145 42 likelihood likelihood NOUN emaj-38 145 43 drops drop VERB emaj-38 145 44 off off ADP emaj-38 145 45 again again ADV emaj-38 145 46 . . PUNCT emaj-38 146 1 james james PROPN emaj-38 146 2 fearon fearon PROPN emaj-38 146 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 146 4 2003 2003 NUM emaj-38 146 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 146 6 2005 2005 NUM emaj-38 146 7 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 146 8 demonstrated demonstrate VERB emaj-38 146 9 that that PRON emaj-38 146 10 of of ADP emaj-38 146 11 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 146 12 - - PUNCT emaj-38 146 13 reliant reliant ADJ emaj-38 146 14 states state NOUN emaj-38 146 15 , , PUNCT emaj-38 146 16 only only ADV emaj-38 146 17 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 146 18 - - PUNCT emaj-38 146 19 reliant reliant ADJ emaj-38 146 20 states state NOUN emaj-38 146 21 are be AUX emaj-38 146 22 more more ADV emaj-38 146 23 prone prone ADJ emaj-38 146 24 to to ADP emaj-38 146 25 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 146 26 war war NOUN emaj-38 146 27 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 146 28 lotz lotz PROPN emaj-38 146 29 2008 2008 NUM emaj-38 146 30 : : PUNCT emaj-38 146 31 109 109 NUM emaj-38 146 32 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 146 33 . . PUNCT emaj-38 147 1 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 147 2 - - PUNCT emaj-38 147 3 reliant reliant ADJ emaj-38 147 4 states state NOUN emaj-38 147 5 in in ADP emaj-38 147 6 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 147 7 are be AUX emaj-38 147 8 the the DET emaj-38 147 9 ones one NOUN emaj-38 147 10 tightly tightly ADV emaj-38 147 11 interdependent interdependent ADJ emaj-38 147 12 with with ADP emaj-38 147 13 the the DET emaj-38 147 14 core core NOUN emaj-38 147 15 states state NOUN emaj-38 147 16 being be AUX emaj-38 147 17 strong strong ADJ emaj-38 147 18 energy energy NOUN emaj-38 147 19 providers provider NOUN emaj-38 147 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 147 21 not not PART emaj-38 147 22 only only ADV emaj-38 147 23 maintaining maintain VERB emaj-38 147 24 the the DET emaj-38 147 25 control control NOUN emaj-38 147 26 over over ADP emaj-38 147 27 world world NOUN emaj-38 147 28 's 's PART emaj-38 147 29 major major ADJ emaj-38 147 30 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 147 31 of of ADP emaj-38 147 32 energy energy NOUN emaj-38 147 33 but but CCONJ emaj-38 147 34 potentially potentially ADV emaj-38 147 35 have have VERB emaj-38 147 36 significant significant ADJ emaj-38 147 37 impact impact NOUN emaj-38 147 38 on on ADP emaj-38 147 39 financial financial ADJ emaj-38 147 40 markets market NOUN emaj-38 147 41 . . PUNCT emaj-38 148 1 states state NOUN emaj-38 148 2 that that PRON emaj-38 148 3 have have AUX emaj-38 148 4 come come VERB emaj-38 148 5 into into ADP emaj-38 148 6 being be AUX emaj-38 148 7 through through ADP emaj-38 148 8 decolonization decolonization NOUN emaj-38 148 9 or or CCONJ emaj-38 148 10 through through ADP emaj-38 148 11 reallocations reallocation NOUN emaj-38 148 12 of of ADP emaj-38 148 13 territory territory NOUN emaj-38 148 14 by by ADP emaj-38 148 15 dominant dominant ADJ emaj-38 148 16 states state NOUN emaj-38 148 17 have have AUX emaj-38 148 18 acquired acquire VERB emaj-38 148 19 their their PRON emaj-38 148 20 military military ADJ emaj-38 148 21 organization organization NOUN emaj-38 148 22 from from ADP emaj-38 148 23 outside outside ADV emaj-38 148 24 . . PUNCT emaj-38 149 1 to to ADP emaj-38 149 2 the the DET emaj-38 149 3 extent extent NOUN emaj-38 149 4 that that SCONJ emaj-38 149 5 outside outside ADJ emaj-38 149 6 states state NOUN emaj-38 149 7 continue continue VERB emaj-38 149 8 to to PART emaj-38 149 9 supply supply VERB emaj-38 149 10 military military ADJ emaj-38 149 11 goods good NOUN emaj-38 149 12 and and CCONJ emaj-38 149 13 expertise expertise NOUN emaj-38 149 14 in in ADP emaj-38 149 15 return return NOUN emaj-38 149 16 for for ADP emaj-38 149 17 commodities commodity NOUN emaj-38 149 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 149 19 military military ADJ emaj-38 149 20 alliance alliance NOUN emaj-38 149 21 or or CCONJ emaj-38 149 22 both both PRON emaj-38 149 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 149 24 the the DET emaj-38 149 25 new new ADJ emaj-38 149 26 states state NOUN emaj-38 149 27 harbor harbor VERB emaj-38 149 28 powerful powerful ADJ emaj-38 149 29 , , PUNCT emaj-38 149 30 unconstrained unconstrained ADJ emaj-38 149 31 organizations organization NOUN emaj-38 149 32 that that PRON emaj-38 149 33 easily easily ADV emaj-38 149 34 overshadow overshadow VERB emaj-38 149 35 all all DET emaj-38 149 36 other other ADJ emaj-38 149 37 organizations organization NOUN emaj-38 149 38 within within ADP emaj-38 149 39 their their PRON emaj-38 149 40 territories territory NOUN emaj-38 149 41 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 149 42 tilly tilly ADV emaj-38 149 43 1985 1985 NUM emaj-38 149 44 : : PUNCT emaj-38 149 45 186 186 NUM emaj-38 149 46 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 149 47 . . PUNCT emaj-38 150 1 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 150 2 wars war NOUN emaj-38 150 3 are be AUX emaj-38 150 4 not not PART emaj-38 150 5 difficult difficult ADJ emaj-38 150 6 to to PART emaj-38 150 7 be be AUX emaj-38 150 8 previewed preview VERB emaj-38 150 9 in in ADP emaj-38 150 10 the the DET emaj-38 150 11 formerly formerly ADV emaj-38 150 12 colonized colonize VERB emaj-38 150 13 , , PUNCT emaj-38 150 14 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 150 15 - - PUNCT emaj-38 150 16 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 150 17 states state NOUN emaj-38 150 18 of of ADP emaj-38 150 19 the the DET emaj-38 150 20 region region NOUN emaj-38 150 21 and and CCONJ emaj-38 150 22 military military ADJ emaj-38 150 23 interventions intervention NOUN emaj-38 150 24 are be AUX emaj-38 150 25 used use VERB emaj-38 150 26 to to PART emaj-38 150 27 create create VERB emaj-38 150 28 a a DET emaj-38 150 29 form form NOUN emaj-38 150 30 of of ADP emaj-38 150 31 state state NOUN emaj-38 150 32 that that PRON emaj-38 150 33 would would AUX emaj-38 150 34 ensure ensure VERB emaj-38 150 35 compliance compliance NOUN emaj-38 150 36 in in ADP emaj-38 150 37 the the DET emaj-38 150 38 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 150 39 of of ADP emaj-38 150 40 the the DET emaj-38 150 41 core core NOUN emaj-38 150 42 , , PUNCT emaj-38 150 43 continuing continue VERB emaj-38 150 44 the the DET emaj-38 150 45 exchange exchange NOUN emaj-38 150 46 of of ADP emaj-38 150 47 commodities commodity NOUN emaj-38 150 48 with with ADP emaj-38 150 49 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 150 50 and and CCONJ emaj-38 150 51 military military ADJ emaj-38 150 52 infrastructure infrastructure NOUN emaj-38 150 53 . . PUNCT emaj-38 151 1 given give VERB emaj-38 151 2 the the DET emaj-38 151 3 fact fact NOUN emaj-38 151 4 that that SCONJ emaj-38 151 5 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 151 6 change change NOUN emaj-38 151 7 from from ADP emaj-38 151 8 top top NOUN emaj-38 151 9 to to ADP emaj-38 151 10 bottom bottom NOUN emaj-38 151 11 is be AUX emaj-38 151 12 not not PART emaj-38 151 13 possible possible ADJ emaj-38 151 14 in in ADP emaj-38 151 15 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 151 16 states state NOUN emaj-38 151 17 of of ADP emaj-38 151 18 the the DET emaj-38 151 19 mena mena NOUN emaj-38 151 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 151 21 one one PRON emaj-38 151 22 might might AUX emaj-38 151 23 ask ask VERB emaj-38 151 24 whether whether SCONJ emaj-38 151 25 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 151 26 movements movement NOUN emaj-38 151 27 can can AUX emaj-38 151 28 succeed succeed VERB emaj-38 151 29 in in ADP emaj-38 151 30 any any DET emaj-38 151 31 way way NOUN emaj-38 151 32 . . PUNCT emaj-38 152 1 any any DET emaj-38 152 2 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 152 3 movement movement NOUN emaj-38 152 4 to to PART emaj-38 152 5 come come VERB emaj-38 152 6 out out ADP emaj-38 152 7 in in ADP emaj-38 152 8 an an DET emaj-38 152 9 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 152 10 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 152 11 would would AUX emaj-38 152 12 create create VERB emaj-38 152 13 a a DET emaj-38 152 14 political political ADJ emaj-38 152 15 and and CCONJ emaj-38 152 16 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 152 17 instability instability NOUN emaj-38 152 18 . . PUNCT emaj-38 153 1 alesina alesina NOUN emaj-38 153 2 and and CCONJ emaj-38 153 3 perotti perotti PROPN emaj-38 153 4 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 153 5 1996 1996 NUM emaj-38 153 6 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 153 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 153 8 hibbs hibbs PROPN emaj-38 153 9 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 153 10 1973 1973 NUM emaj-38 153 11 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 153 12 , , PUNCT emaj-38 153 13 and and CCONJ emaj-38 153 14 blomberg blomberg PROPN emaj-38 153 15 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 153 16 1996 1996 NUM emaj-38 153 17 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 153 18 have have AUX emaj-38 153 19 established establish VERB emaj-38 153 20 that that SCONJ emaj-38 153 21 political political ADJ emaj-38 153 22 instability instability NOUN emaj-38 153 23 is be AUX emaj-38 153 24 negatively negatively ADV emaj-38 153 25 correlated correlate VERB emaj-38 153 26 with with ADP emaj-38 153 27 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 153 28 growth growth NOUN emaj-38 153 29 , , PUNCT emaj-38 153 30 where where SCONJ emaj-38 153 31 the the DET emaj-38 153 32 relationship relationship NOUN emaj-38 153 33 between between ADP emaj-38 153 34 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 153 35 and and CCONJ emaj-38 153 36 growth growth NOUN emaj-38 153 37 is be AUX emaj-38 153 38 more more ADV emaj-38 153 39 uncertain uncertain ADJ emaj-38 153 40 . . PUNCT emaj-38 154 1 minier minier NOUN emaj-38 154 2 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 154 3 2003:125 2003:125 NUM emaj-38 154 4 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 154 5 explains explain VERB emaj-38 154 6 three three NUM emaj-38 154 7 types type NOUN emaj-38 154 8 of of ADP emaj-38 154 9 political political ADJ emaj-38 154 10 instability instability NOUN emaj-38 154 11 that that SCONJ emaj-38 154 12 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 154 13 movements movement NOUN emaj-38 154 14 involve involve VERB emaj-38 154 15 : : PUNCT emaj-38 154 16 first first ADV emaj-38 154 17 , , PUNCT emaj-38 154 18 [ [ X emaj-38 154 19 … … X emaj-38 154 20 ] ] X emaj-38 154 21 by by ADP emaj-38 154 22 its its PRON emaj-38 154 23 nature nature NOUN emaj-38 154 24 indicates indicate VERB emaj-38 154 25 instability instability NOUN emaj-38 154 26 : : PUNCT emaj-38 154 27 a a DET emaj-38 154 28 sizable sizable ADJ emaj-38 154 29 part part NOUN emaj-38 154 30 of of ADP emaj-38 154 31 the the DET emaj-38 154 32 population population NOUN emaj-38 154 33 wants want VERB emaj-38 154 34 to to PART emaj-38 154 35 change change VERB emaj-38 154 36 the the DET emaj-38 154 37 form form NOUN emaj-38 154 38 of of ADP emaj-38 154 39 government government NOUN emaj-38 154 40 . . PUNCT emaj-38 155 1 widespread widespread ADJ emaj-38 155 2 strikes strike NOUN emaj-38 155 3 , , PUNCT emaj-38 155 4 protests protest NOUN emaj-38 155 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 155 6 demonstrations demonstration NOUN emaj-38 155 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 155 8 and and CCONJ emaj-38 155 9 even even ADV emaj-38 155 10 riots riot NOUN emaj-38 155 11 often often ADV emaj-38 155 12 accompany accompany VERB emaj-38 155 13 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 155 14 movements movement NOUN emaj-38 155 15 . . PUNCT emaj-38 156 1 second second ADJ emaj-38 156 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 156 3 many many ADJ emaj-38 156 4 interpretations interpretation NOUN emaj-38 156 5 of of ADP emaj-38 156 6 political political ADJ emaj-38 156 7 instability instability NOUN emaj-38 156 8 address address NOUN emaj-38 156 9 actions action NOUN emaj-38 156 10 taken take VERB emaj-38 156 11 by by ADP emaj-38 156 12 the the DET emaj-38 156 13 government government NOUN emaj-38 156 14 against against ADP emaj-38 156 15 its its PRON emaj-38 156 16 citizens citizen NOUN emaj-38 156 17 . . PUNCT emaj-38 157 1 when when SCONJ emaj-38 157 2 a a DET emaj-38 157 3 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 157 4 movement movement NOUN emaj-38 157 5 is be AUX emaj-38 157 6 repressed repress VERB emaj-38 157 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 157 8 governments government NOUN emaj-38 157 9 often often ADV emaj-38 157 10 take take VERB emaj-38 157 11 actions action NOUN emaj-38 157 12 , , PUNCT emaj-38 157 13 such such ADJ emaj-38 157 14 as as ADP emaj-38 157 15 imposing impose VERB emaj-38 157 16 martial martial ADJ emaj-38 157 17 law law NOUN emaj-38 157 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 157 19 curtailing curtail VERB emaj-38 157 20 freedoms freedom NOUN emaj-38 157 21 of of ADP emaj-38 157 22 assembly assembly NOUN emaj-38 157 23 and and CCONJ emaj-38 157 24 the the DET emaj-38 157 25 press press NOUN emaj-38 157 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 157 27 or or CCONJ emaj-38 157 28 , , PUNCT emaj-38 157 29 in in ADP emaj-38 157 30 extreme extreme ADJ emaj-38 157 31 cases case NOUN emaj-38 157 32 , , PUNCT emaj-38 157 33 taking take VERB emaj-38 157 34 military military ADJ emaj-38 157 35 action action NOUN emaj-38 157 36 against against ADP emaj-38 157 37 demonstrators demonstrator NOUN emaj-38 157 38 . . PUNCT emaj-38 158 1 the the DET emaj-38 158 2 third third ADJ emaj-38 158 3 type type NOUN emaj-38 158 4 of of ADP emaj-38 158 5 political political ADJ emaj-38 158 6 instability instability NOUN emaj-38 158 7 is be AUX emaj-38 158 8 associated associate VERB emaj-38 158 9 with with ADP emaj-38 158 10 the the DET emaj-38 158 11 transition transition NOUN emaj-38 158 12 between between ADP emaj-38 158 13 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 158 14 types type NOUN emaj-38 158 15 if if SCONJ emaj-38 158 16 the the DET emaj-38 158 17 movement movement NOUN emaj-38 158 18 is be AUX emaj-38 158 19 successful successful ADJ emaj-38 158 20 . . PUNCT emaj-38 159 1 alesina alesina NOUN emaj-38 159 2 and and CCONJ emaj-38 159 3 perotti perotti PROPN emaj-38 159 4 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 159 5 1994 1994 NUM emaj-38 159 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 159 7 359 359 NUM emaj-38 159 8 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 159 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 159 10 in in ADP emaj-38 159 11 a a DET emaj-38 159 12 summary summary NOUN emaj-38 159 13 of of ADP emaj-38 159 14 related related ADJ emaj-38 159 15 literature literature NOUN emaj-38 159 16 , , PUNCT emaj-38 159 17 conclude conclude VERB emaj-38 159 18 that that SCONJ emaj-38 159 19 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 159 20 transitions transition NOUN emaj-38 159 21 from from ADP emaj-38 159 22 dictatorship dictatorship NOUN emaj-38 159 23 to to ADP emaj-38 159 24 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 159 25 , , PUNCT emaj-38 159 26 being be AUX emaj-38 159 27 associated associate VERB emaj-38 159 28 with with ADP emaj-38 159 29 political political ADJ emaj-38 159 30 instability instability NOUN emaj-38 159 31 , , PUNCT emaj-38 159 32 should should AUX emaj-38 159 33 typically typically ADV emaj-38 159 34 be be AUX emaj-38 159 35 periods period NOUN emaj-38 159 36 of of ADP emaj-38 159 37 low low ADJ emaj-38 159 38 growth growth NOUN emaj-38 159 39 . . PUNCT emaj-38 159 40 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 159 41         SPACE emaj-38 159 42 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 159 43 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 159 44 to to ADP emaj-38 159 45 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 159 46 in in ADP emaj-38 159 47 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 159 48 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 159 49 markets market NOUN emaj-38 159 50 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 159 51 | | ADV emaj-38 159 52 p p NOUN emaj-38 159 53 a a PRON emaj-38 159 54 g g NOUN emaj-38 159 55 e e NOUN emaj-38 159 56 | | ADV emaj-38 159 57 44 44 NUM emaj-38 159 58 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 159 59 3 3 NUM emaj-38 159 60 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 159 61 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 159 62 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 159 63 | | ADV emaj-38 159 64 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 159 65 - - PUNCT emaj-38 159 66 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 159 67 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 159 68 online online NOUN emaj-38 159 69 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 159 70 | | ADV emaj-38 159 71 doi doi X emaj-38 159 72 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 159 73 / / SYM emaj-38 159 74 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 159 75 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu X emaj-38 159 76 partly partly ADV emaj-38 159 77 , , PUNCT emaj-38 159 78 they they PRON emaj-38 159 79 argue argue VERB emaj-38 159 80 , , PUNCT emaj-38 159 81 this this PRON emaj-38 159 82 is be AUX emaj-38 159 83 due due ADJ emaj-38 159 84 to to ADP emaj-38 159 85 social social ADJ emaj-38 159 86 demands demand NOUN emaj-38 159 87 that that PRON emaj-38 159 88 have have AUX emaj-38 159 89 been be AUX emaj-38 159 90 repressed repress VERB emaj-38 159 91 suddenly suddenly ADV emaj-38 159 92 surfacing surface VERB emaj-38 159 93 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 159 94 additionally additionally ADV emaj-38 159 95 , , PUNCT emaj-38 159 96 collapsing collapse VERB emaj-38 159 97 dictatorships dictatorship NOUN emaj-38 159 98 are be AUX emaj-38 159 99 likely likely ADJ emaj-38 159 100 to to PART emaj-38 159 101 leave leave VERB emaj-38 159 102 behind behind ADP emaj-38 159 103 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 159 104 problems problem NOUN emaj-38 159 105 . . PUNCT emaj-38 160 1 revisiting revisit VERB emaj-38 160 2 the the DET emaj-38 160 3 first first ADJ emaj-38 160 4 section section NOUN emaj-38 160 5 of of ADP emaj-38 160 6 this this DET emaj-38 160 7 article article NOUN emaj-38 160 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 160 9 schlumberger schlumberger NOUN emaj-38 160 10 's 's PART emaj-38 160 11 classification classification NOUN emaj-38 160 12 of of ADP emaj-38 160 13 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 160 14 states state NOUN emaj-38 160 15 in in ADP emaj-38 160 16 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 160 17 , , PUNCT emaj-38 160 18 the the DET emaj-38 160 19 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 160 20 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 160 21 is be AUX emaj-38 160 22 not not PART emaj-38 160 23 very very ADV emaj-38 160 24 likely likely ADJ emaj-38 160 25 to to PART emaj-38 160 26 change change VERB emaj-38 160 27 the the DET emaj-38 160 28 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 160 29 types type NOUN emaj-38 160 30 in in ADP emaj-38 160 31 the the DET emaj-38 160 32 states state NOUN emaj-38 160 33 of of ADP emaj-38 160 34 categories category NOUN emaj-38 160 35 a14 a14 NOUN emaj-38 160 36 and and CCONJ emaj-38 160 37 b15 b15 NOUN emaj-38 160 38 . . PUNCT emaj-38 161 1 in in ADP emaj-38 161 2 bahrain bahrain NOUN emaj-38 161 3 , , PUNCT emaj-38 161 4 a a DET emaj-38 161 5 category category NOUN emaj-38 161 6 a a DET emaj-38 161 7 state state NOUN emaj-38 161 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 161 9 such such DET emaj-38 161 10 a a DET emaj-38 161 11 political political ADJ emaj-38 161 12 instability instability NOUN emaj-38 161 13 would would AUX emaj-38 161 14 not not PART emaj-38 161 15 be be AUX emaj-38 161 16 allowed allow VERB emaj-38 161 17 to to PART emaj-38 161 18 happen happen VERB emaj-38 161 19 as as SCONJ emaj-38 161 20 it it PRON emaj-38 161 21 is be AUX emaj-38 161 22 the the DET emaj-38 161 23 home home NOUN emaj-38 161 24 port port NOUN emaj-38 161 25 of of ADP emaj-38 161 26 the the DET emaj-38 161 27 us us PROPN emaj-38 161 28 fifth fifth ADJ emaj-38 161 29 fleet fleet NOUN emaj-38 161 30 , , PUNCT emaj-38 161 31 neighboring neighbor VERB emaj-38 161 32 saudi saudi PROPN emaj-38 161 33 arabia arabia PROPN emaj-38 161 34 . . PUNCT emaj-38 162 1 libya libya PROPN emaj-38 162 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 162 3 a a DET emaj-38 162 4 category category NOUN emaj-38 162 5 b b NOUN emaj-38 162 6 state state NOUN emaj-38 162 7 with with ADP emaj-38 162 8 iraq iraq PROPN emaj-38 162 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 162 10 seems seem VERB emaj-38 162 11 to to PART emaj-38 162 12 go go VERB emaj-38 162 13 through through ADP emaj-38 162 14 a a DET emaj-38 162 15 similar similar ADJ emaj-38 162 16 kind kind NOUN emaj-38 162 17 of of ADP emaj-38 162 18 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 162 19 change change NOUN emaj-38 162 20 process process NOUN emaj-38 162 21 with with ADP emaj-38 162 22 iraq iraq PROPN emaj-38 162 23 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 162 24 2003 2003 NUM emaj-38 162 25 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 162 26 which which PRON emaj-38 162 27 has have AUX emaj-38 162 28 already already ADV emaj-38 162 29 turned turn VERB emaj-38 162 30 into into ADP emaj-38 162 31 a a DET emaj-38 162 32 war war NOUN emaj-38 162 33 to to PART emaj-38 162 34 stabilize stabilize VERB emaj-38 162 35 the the DET emaj-38 162 36 instability instability NOUN emaj-38 162 37 to to PART emaj-38 162 38 have have VERB emaj-38 162 39 a a DET emaj-38 162 40 partner partner NOUN emaj-38 162 41 state state NOUN emaj-38 162 42 to to ADP emaj-38 162 43 global global ADJ emaj-38 162 44 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 162 45 . . PUNCT emaj-38 163 1 in in ADP emaj-38 163 2 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 163 3 , , PUNCT emaj-38 163 4 a a DET emaj-38 163 5 category category NOUN emaj-38 163 6 d d NOUN emaj-38 163 7 state state NOUN emaj-38 163 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 163 9 the the DET emaj-38 163 10 popular popular ADJ emaj-38 163 11 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 163 12 succeeded succeed VERB emaj-38 163 13 to to PART emaj-38 163 14 overthrow overthrow VERB emaj-38 163 15 the the DET emaj-38 163 16 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 163 17 leader leader NOUN emaj-38 163 18 omar omar PROPN emaj-38 163 19 mubaraq mubaraq PROPN emaj-38 163 20 . . PUNCT emaj-38 164 1 however however ADV emaj-38 164 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 164 3 the the DET emaj-38 164 4 strategic strategic ADJ emaj-38 164 5 importance importance NOUN emaj-38 164 6 of of ADP emaj-38 164 7 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 164 8 with with ADP emaj-38 164 9 its its PRON emaj-38 164 10 established establish VERB emaj-38 164 11 role role NOUN emaj-38 164 12 in in ADP emaj-38 164 13 the the DET emaj-38 164 14 western western ADJ emaj-38 164 15 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 164 16 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 164 17 and and CCONJ emaj-38 164 18 its its PRON emaj-38 164 19 debts debt NOUN emaj-38 164 20 to to ADP emaj-38 164 21 imf imf PROPN emaj-38 164 22 and and CCONJ emaj-38 164 23 the the DET emaj-38 164 24 wb wb PROPN emaj-38 164 25 is be AUX emaj-38 164 26 difficult difficult ADJ emaj-38 164 27 to to PART emaj-38 164 28 overcome overcome VERB emaj-38 164 29 with with ADP emaj-38 164 30 a a DET emaj-38 164 31 new new ADJ emaj-38 164 32 leader leader NOUN emaj-38 164 33 keeping keep VERB emaj-38 164 34 these these DET emaj-38 164 35 dynamics dynamic NOUN emaj-38 164 36 the the DET emaj-38 164 37 same same ADJ emaj-38 164 38 . . PUNCT emaj-38 165 1 syria syria PROPN emaj-38 165 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 165 3 another another DET emaj-38 165 4 category category NOUN emaj-38 165 5 d d NOUN emaj-38 165 6 state state NOUN emaj-38 165 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 165 8 is be AUX emaj-38 165 9 currently currently ADV emaj-38 165 10 going go VERB emaj-38 165 11 through through ADP emaj-38 165 12 bloodshed bloodshed NOUN emaj-38 165 13 to to PART emaj-38 165 14 suppress suppress VERB emaj-38 165 15 the the DET emaj-38 165 16 popular popular ADJ emaj-38 165 17 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 165 18 for for ADP emaj-38 165 19 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 165 20 change change NOUN emaj-38 165 21 . . PUNCT emaj-38 166 1 first first ADV emaj-38 166 2 of of ADP emaj-38 166 3 all all PRON emaj-38 166 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 166 5 the the DET emaj-38 166 6 existing exist VERB emaj-38 166 7 large large ADJ emaj-38 166 8 bourgeois bourgeois NOUN emaj-38 166 9 class class NOUN emaj-38 166 10 created create VERB emaj-38 166 11 by by ADP emaj-38 166 12 and and CCONJ emaj-38 166 13 on on ADP emaj-38 166 14 the the DET emaj-38 166 15 side side NOUN emaj-38 166 16 of of ADP emaj-38 166 17 the the DET emaj-38 166 18 state state NOUN emaj-38 166 19 in in ADP emaj-38 166 20 syria syria PROPN emaj-38 166 21 is be AUX emaj-38 166 22 far far ADV emaj-38 166 23 from from ADP emaj-38 166 24 supporting support VERB emaj-38 166 25 a a DET emaj-38 166 26 political political ADJ emaj-38 166 27 opening opening NOUN emaj-38 166 28 for for ADP emaj-38 166 29 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 166 30 change change NOUN emaj-38 166 31 . . PUNCT emaj-38 167 1 secondly secondly ADV emaj-38 167 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 167 3 syria syria PROPN emaj-38 167 4 has have AUX emaj-38 167 5 been be AUX emaj-38 167 6 the the DET emaj-38 167 7 closest close ADJ emaj-38 167 8 ally ally NOUN emaj-38 167 9 of of ADP emaj-38 167 10 contemporary contemporary PROPN emaj-38 167 11 islamic islamic PROPN emaj-38 167 12 republic republic PROPN emaj-38 167 13 of of ADP emaj-38 167 14 iran iran PROPN emaj-38 167 15 , , PUNCT emaj-38 167 16 and and CCONJ emaj-38 167 17 iranian iranian ADJ emaj-38 167 18 administration administration NOUN emaj-38 167 19 would would AUX emaj-38 167 20 not not PART emaj-38 167 21 allow allow VERB emaj-38 167 22 the the DET emaj-38 167 23 syrian syrian ADJ emaj-38 167 24 state state NOUN emaj-38 167 25 to to PART emaj-38 167 26 be be AUX emaj-38 167 27 overthrown overthrow VERB emaj-38 167 28 neither neither CCONJ emaj-38 167 29 by by ADP emaj-38 167 30 a a DET emaj-38 167 31 popular popular ADJ emaj-38 167 32 uprising uprising NOUN emaj-38 167 33 nor nor CCONJ emaj-38 167 34 by by ADP emaj-38 167 35 western western ADJ emaj-38 167 36 military military ADJ emaj-38 167 37 intervention intervention NOUN emaj-38 167 38 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 167 39 hinnebusch hinnebusch PROPN emaj-38 167 40 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 167 41 . . PUNCT emaj-38 168 1 conclusion conclusion NOUN emaj-38 168 2 first first ADV emaj-38 168 3 of of ADP emaj-38 168 4 all all PRON emaj-38 169 1 , , PUNCT emaj-38 169 2 we we PRON emaj-38 169 3 have have AUX emaj-38 169 4 explained explain VERB emaj-38 169 5 that that SCONJ emaj-38 169 6 the the DET emaj-38 169 7 geo geo PROPN emaj-38 169 8 - - PUNCT emaj-38 169 9 strategical strategical ADJ emaj-38 169 10 importance importance NOUN emaj-38 169 11 of of ADP emaj-38 169 12 the the DET emaj-38 169 13 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 169 14 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 169 15 states state NOUN emaj-38 169 16 which which PRON emaj-38 169 17 own own VERB emaj-38 169 18 most most ADJ emaj-38 169 19 of of ADP emaj-38 169 20 the the DET emaj-38 169 21 world world NOUN emaj-38 169 22 's 's PART emaj-38 169 23 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 169 24 resources resource NOUN emaj-38 169 25 and and CCONJ emaj-38 169 26 ruled rule VERB emaj-38 169 27 with with ADP emaj-38 169 28 autocratic autocratic ADJ emaj-38 169 29 tradition tradition NOUN emaj-38 169 30 pushes push VERB emaj-38 169 31 the the DET emaj-38 169 32 states state NOUN emaj-38 169 33 of of ADP emaj-38 169 34 the the DET emaj-38 169 35 region region NOUN emaj-38 169 36 to to ADP emaj-38 169 37 the the DET emaj-38 169 38 periphery periphery NOUN emaj-38 169 39 providing provide VERB emaj-38 169 40 resources resource NOUN emaj-38 169 41 and and CCONJ emaj-38 169 42 military military ADJ emaj-38 169 43 alliance alliance NOUN emaj-38 169 44 , , PUNCT emaj-38 169 45 both both CCONJ emaj-38 169 46 in in ADP emaj-38 169 47 some some DET emaj-38 169 48 cases case NOUN emaj-38 169 49 , , PUNCT emaj-38 169 50 for for ADP emaj-38 169 51 the the DET emaj-38 169 52 core core NOUN emaj-38 169 53 . . PUNCT emaj-38 170 1 secondly secondly ADV emaj-38 170 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 170 3 imposed impose VERB emaj-38 170 4 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 170 5 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 170 6 attempts attempt NOUN emaj-38 170 7 in in ADP emaj-38 170 8 line line NOUN emaj-38 170 9 with with ADP emaj-38 170 10 neo neo ADJ emaj-38 170 11 - - ADJ emaj-38 170 12 liberal liberal ADJ emaj-38 170 13 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 170 14 and and CCONJ emaj-38 170 15 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 170 16 attempts attempt NOUN emaj-38 170 17 conforming conform VERB emaj-38 170 18 to to ADP emaj-38 170 19 core core NOUN emaj-38 170 20 states state NOUN emaj-38 170 21 ' ' PART emaj-38 170 22 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 170 23 policies policy NOUN emaj-38 170 24 have have AUX emaj-38 170 25 not not PART emaj-38 170 26 / / SYM emaj-38 170 27 cannot cannot AUX emaj-38 170 28 lead lead VERB emaj-38 170 29 to to ADP emaj-38 170 30 a a DET emaj-38 170 31 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 170 32 change change NOUN emaj-38 170 33 neither neither CCONJ emaj-38 170 34 in in ADP emaj-38 170 35 the the DET emaj-38 170 36 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 170 37 - - PUNCT emaj-38 170 38 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 170 39 , , PUNCT emaj-38 170 40 nor nor CCONJ emaj-38 170 41 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 170 42 - - PUNCT emaj-38 170 43 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 170 44 states state NOUN emaj-38 170 45 is be AUX emaj-38 170 46 elaborated elaborate VERB emaj-38 170 47 . . PUNCT emaj-38 171 1 then then ADV emaj-38 171 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 171 3 we we PRON emaj-38 171 4 have have AUX emaj-38 171 5 indicated indicate VERB emaj-38 171 6 that that SCONJ emaj-38 171 7 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 171 8 - - PUNCT emaj-38 171 9 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 171 10 states state NOUN emaj-38 171 11 are be AUX emaj-38 171 12 economically economically ADV emaj-38 171 13 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 171 14 on on ADP emaj-38 171 15 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 171 16 revenues revenue NOUN emaj-38 171 17 coming come VERB emaj-38 171 18 from from ADP emaj-38 171 19 abroad abroad ADV emaj-38 171 20 and and CCONJ emaj-38 171 21 the the DET emaj-38 171 22 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 171 23 - - PUNCT emaj-38 171 24 poor poor ADJ emaj-38 171 25 ones one NOUN emaj-38 171 26 even even ADV emaj-38 171 27 more more ADV emaj-38 171 28 vulnerable vulnerable ADJ emaj-38 171 29 , , PUNCT emaj-38 171 30 being be AUX emaj-38 171 31 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 171 32 on on ADP emaj-38 171 33 military military ADJ emaj-38 171 34 and and CCONJ emaj-38 171 35 development development NOUN emaj-38 171 36 aid aid NOUN emaj-38 171 37 of of ADP emaj-38 171 38 imf imf PROPN emaj-38 171 39 and and CCONJ emaj-38 171 40 the the DET emaj-38 171 41 wb wb PROPN emaj-38 171 42 credits credit NOUN emaj-38 171 43 . . PUNCT emaj-38 172 1 that that SCONJ emaj-38 172 2 the the DET emaj-38 172 3 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 172 4 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 172 5 does do AUX emaj-38 172 6 not not PART emaj-38 172 7 necessarily necessarily ADV emaj-38 172 8 bring bring VERB emaj-38 172 9 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 172 10 development development NOUN emaj-38 172 11 and and CCONJ emaj-38 172 12 political political ADJ emaj-38 172 13 openings opening NOUN emaj-38 172 14 for for ADP emaj-38 172 15 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 172 16 change change NOUN emaj-38 172 17 in in ADP emaj-38 172 18 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 172 19 as as SCONJ emaj-38 172 20 ruling rule VERB emaj-38 172 21 elites elite NOUN emaj-38 172 22 are be AUX emaj-38 172 23 not not PART emaj-38 172 24 willing willing ADJ emaj-38 172 25 to to PART emaj-38 172 26 go go VERB emaj-38 172 27 for for ADP emaj-38 172 28 a a DET emaj-38 172 29 shift shift NOUN emaj-38 172 30 towards towards ADP emaj-38 172 31 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 172 32 is be AUX emaj-38 172 33 also also ADV emaj-38 172 34 elaborated elaborate VERB emaj-38 172 35 in in ADP emaj-38 172 36 detail detail NOUN emaj-38 172 37 . . PUNCT emaj-38 173 1 however however ADV emaj-38 173 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 173 3 being be AUX emaj-38 173 4 economically economically ADV emaj-38 173 5 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 173 6 on on ADP emaj-38 173 7 the the DET emaj-38 173 8 core core NOUN emaj-38 173 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 173 10 renders render VERB emaj-38 173 11 these these DET emaj-38 173 12 states state NOUN emaj-38 173 13 politically politically ADV emaj-38 173 14 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 173 15 as as ADV emaj-38 173 16 well well ADV emaj-38 173 17 which which PRON emaj-38 173 18 fits fit VERB emaj-38 173 19 into into ADP emaj-38 173 20 the the DET emaj-38 173 21 core core NOUN emaj-38 173 22 's 's PART emaj-38 173 23 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 173 24 in in ADP emaj-38 173 25 the the DET emaj-38 173 26 region region NOUN emaj-38 173 27 . . PUNCT emaj-38 174 1 when when SCONJ emaj-38 174 2 the the DET emaj-38 174 3 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 174 4 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 174 5 of of ADP emaj-38 174 6 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 174 7 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 174 8 a a DET emaj-38 174 9 series series NOUN emaj-38 174 10 of of ADP emaj-38 174 11 revolutions revolution NOUN emaj-38 174 12 , , PUNCT emaj-38 174 13 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 174 14 and and CCONJ emaj-38 174 15 strikes strike NOUN emaj-38 174 16 , , PUNCT emaj-38 174 17 with with ADP emaj-38 174 18 vacillated vacillated ADJ emaj-38 174 19 demands demand NOUN emaj-38 174 20 between between ADP emaj-38 174 21 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 174 22 constitutional constitutional ADJ emaj-38 174 23 monarchy monarchy NOUN emaj-38 174 24 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 174 25 and and CCONJ emaj-38 174 26 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 174 27 overthrow overthrow NOUN emaj-38 174 28 of of ADP emaj-38 174 29 the the DET emaj-38 174 30 current current ADJ emaj-38 174 31 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 174 32 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 174 33 , , PUNCT emaj-38 174 34 and and CCONJ emaj-38 174 35 mostly mostly ADV emaj-38 174 36 aiming aim VERB emaj-38 174 37 at at ADP emaj-38 174 38 changing change VERB emaj-38 174 39 or or CCONJ emaj-38 174 40 diminishing diminish VERB emaj-38 174 41 the the DET emaj-38 174 42 present present ADJ emaj-38 174 43 nature nature NOUN emaj-38 174 44 of of ADP emaj-38 174 45 the the DET emaj-38 174 46 governments government NOUN emaj-38 174 47 and and CCONJ emaj-38 174 48 demanding demand VERB emaj-38 174 49 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 174 50 , , PUNCT emaj-38 174 51 with with ADP emaj-38 174 52 a a DET emaj-38 174 53 few few ADJ emaj-38 174 54 social social ADJ emaj-38 174 55 and and CCONJ emaj-38 174 56 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 174 57 concerns concern NOUN emaj-38 174 58 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 174 59 is be AUX emaj-38 174 60 under under ADP emaj-38 174 61 discussion discussion NOUN emaj-38 174 62 , , PUNCT emaj-38 174 63 it it PRON emaj-38 174 64 is be AUX emaj-38 174 65 true true ADJ emaj-38 174 66 that that SCONJ emaj-38 174 67 thousands thousand NOUN emaj-38 174 68 of of ADP emaj-38 174 69 people people NOUN emaj-38 174 70 have have AUX emaj-38 174 71 participated participate VERB emaj-38 174 72 in in ADP emaj-38 174 73 the the DET emaj-38 174 74 demonstrations demonstration NOUN emaj-38 174 75 and and CCONJ emaj-38 174 76 attracted attract VERB emaj-38 174 77 the the DET emaj-38 174 78 worldwide worldwide ADJ emaj-38 174 79 attention attention NOUN emaj-38 174 80 to to ADP emaj-38 174 81 the the DET emaj-38 174 82 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 174 83 region region PROPN emaj-38 174 84 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 174 85 khair khair PROPN emaj-38 174 86 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 174 87 : : PUNCT emaj-38 174 88 113 113 NUM emaj-38 174 89 - - SYM emaj-38 174 90 114 114 NUM emaj-38 174 91 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 174 92 . . PUNCT emaj-38 175 1 moreover moreover ADV emaj-38 175 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 175 3 it it PRON emaj-38 175 4 would would AUX emaj-38 175 5 be be AUX emaj-38 175 6 erroneous erroneous ADJ emaj-38 175 7 to to PART emaj-38 175 8 overgeneralize overgeneralize VERB emaj-38 175 9 these these DET emaj-38 175 10 events event NOUN emaj-38 175 11 as as ADP emaj-38 175 12 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 175 13 revolution revolution NOUN emaj-38 175 14 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 175 15 as as SCONJ emaj-38 175 16 most most ADJ emaj-38 175 17 of of ADP emaj-38 175 18 them they PRON emaj-38 175 19 only only ADV emaj-38 175 20 lead lead VERB emaj-38 175 21 to to ADP emaj-38 175 22 a a DET emaj-38 175 23 cosmetic cosmetic ADJ emaj-38 175 24 change change NOUN emaj-38 175 25 restricted restrict VERB emaj-38 175 26 to to ADP emaj-38 175 27 their their PRON emaj-38 175 28 14 14 NUM emaj-38 175 29 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 175 30 - - PUNCT emaj-38 175 31 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 175 32 , , PUNCT emaj-38 175 33 traditional traditional ADJ emaj-38 175 34 - - PUNCT emaj-38 175 35 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 175 36 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 175 37 15 15 NUM emaj-38 175 38 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 175 39 - - PUNCT emaj-38 175 40 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 175 41 , , PUNCT emaj-38 175 42 bureaucratic bureaucratic ADJ emaj-38 175 43 - - PUNCT emaj-38 175 44 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 175 45 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 175 46         SPACE emaj-38 175 47 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 175 48 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 175 49 to to ADP emaj-38 175 50 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 175 51 in in ADP emaj-38 175 52 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 175 53 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 175 54 markets market NOUN emaj-38 175 55 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 175 56 | | ADV emaj-38 175 57 p p NOUN emaj-38 175 58 a a DET emaj-38 175 59 g g NOUN emaj-38 175 60 e e NOUN emaj-38 176 1 | | ADV emaj-38 176 2 45 45 NUM emaj-38 176 3 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 176 4 3 3 NUM emaj-38 176 5 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 176 6 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 176 7 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 176 8 | | ADV emaj-38 176 9 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 176 10 - - PUNCT emaj-38 176 11 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 176 12 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 176 13 online online NOUN emaj-38 176 14 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 176 15 | | ADV emaj-38 176 16 doi doi X emaj-38 176 17 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 176 18 / / SYM emaj-38 176 19 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 176 20 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu X emaj-38 176 21 existing exist VERB emaj-38 176 22 ruling rule VERB emaj-38 176 23 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 176 24 . . PUNCT emaj-38 177 1 khair khair NOUN emaj-38 177 2 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 177 3 khair khair PROPN emaj-38 177 4 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 177 5 : : PUNCT emaj-38 177 6 117 117 NUM emaj-38 177 7 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 177 8 divides divide VERB emaj-38 177 9 them they PRON emaj-38 177 10 as as ADP emaj-38 177 11 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 177 12 popular popular ADJ emaj-38 177 13 revolutions revolution NOUN emaj-38 177 14 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 177 15 as as ADP emaj-38 177 16 in in ADP emaj-38 177 17 the the DET emaj-38 177 18 case case NOUN emaj-38 177 19 of of ADP emaj-38 177 20 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 177 21 and and CCONJ emaj-38 177 22 tunisia tunisia PROPN emaj-38 177 23 and and CCONJ emaj-38 177 24 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 177 25 popular popular ADJ emaj-38 177 26 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 177 27 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 177 28 for for ADP emaj-38 177 29 those those PRON emaj-38 177 30 in in ADP emaj-38 177 31 yemen yemen PROPN emaj-38 177 32 and and CCONJ emaj-38 177 33 libya libya PROPN emaj-38 177 34 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 177 35 as as SCONJ emaj-38 177 36 most most ADJ emaj-38 177 37 of of ADP emaj-38 177 38 the the DET emaj-38 177 39 classes class NOUN emaj-38 177 40 of of ADP emaj-38 177 41 society society NOUN emaj-38 177 42 have have AUX emaj-38 177 43 participated participate VERB emaj-38 177 44 in in ADP emaj-38 177 45 the the DET emaj-38 177 46 events event NOUN emaj-38 177 47 . . PUNCT emaj-38 178 1 hence hence ADV emaj-38 178 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 178 3 bottom bottom ADJ emaj-38 178 4 - - PUNCT emaj-38 178 5 top top NOUN emaj-38 178 6 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 178 7 attempts attempt NOUN emaj-38 178 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 178 9 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 178 10 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 178 11 of of ADP emaj-38 178 12 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 178 13 that that PRON emaj-38 178 14 will will AUX emaj-38 178 15 leave leave VERB emaj-38 178 16 a a DET emaj-38 178 17 historical historical ADJ emaj-38 178 18 mark mark NOUN emaj-38 178 19 whatever whatever PRON emaj-38 178 20 the the DET emaj-38 178 21 outcomes outcome NOUN emaj-38 178 22 will will AUX emaj-38 178 23 be be AUX emaj-38 178 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 178 25 are be AUX emaj-38 178 26 less less ADV emaj-38 178 27 likely likely ADJ emaj-38 178 28 to to PART emaj-38 178 29 succeed succeed VERB emaj-38 178 30 in in ADP emaj-38 178 31 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 178 32 - - PUNCT emaj-38 178 33 rich rich ADJ emaj-38 178 34 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 178 35 rentiers rentier NOUN emaj-38 178 36 as as SCONJ emaj-38 178 37 they they PRON emaj-38 178 38 would would AUX emaj-38 178 39 create create VERB emaj-38 178 40 an an DET emaj-38 178 41 immense immense ADJ emaj-38 178 42 instability instability NOUN emaj-38 178 43 that that SCONJ emaj-38 178 44 neither neither CCONJ emaj-38 178 45 the the DET emaj-38 178 46 core core NOUN emaj-38 178 47 nor nor CCONJ emaj-38 178 48 the the DET emaj-38 178 49 periphery periphery NOUN emaj-38 178 50 would would AUX emaj-38 178 51 like like VERB emaj-38 178 52 , , PUNCT emaj-38 178 53 once once SCONJ emaj-38 178 54 they they PRON emaj-38 178 55 succeed succeed VERB emaj-38 178 56 . . PUNCT emaj-38 179 1 thus thus ADV emaj-38 179 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 179 3 they they PRON emaj-38 179 4 rather rather ADV emaj-38 179 5 turn turn VERB emaj-38 179 6 into into ADP emaj-38 179 7 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 179 8 wars war NOUN emaj-38 179 9 with with ADP emaj-38 179 10 the the DET emaj-38 179 11 military military ADJ emaj-38 179 12 intervention intervention NOUN emaj-38 179 13 of of ADP emaj-38 179 14 the the DET emaj-38 179 15 core core NOUN emaj-38 179 16 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 179 17 in in ADP emaj-38 179 18 the the DET emaj-38 179 19 libyan libyan ADJ emaj-38 179 20 case case NOUN emaj-38 179 21 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 179 22 or or CCONJ emaj-38 179 23 their their PRON emaj-38 179 24 neighbors neighbor NOUN emaj-38 179 25 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 179 26 possible possible ADJ emaj-38 179 27 outcome outcome NOUN emaj-38 179 28 for for ADP emaj-38 179 29 the the DET emaj-38 179 30 bahraini bahraini NOUN emaj-38 179 31 case case NOUN emaj-38 179 32 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 179 33 to to PART emaj-38 179 34 find find VERB emaj-38 179 35 the the DET emaj-38 179 36 stability stability NOUN emaj-38 179 37 again again ADV emaj-38 179 38 in in ADP emaj-38 179 39 order order NOUN emaj-38 179 40 to to PART emaj-38 179 41 conform conform VERB emaj-38 179 42 to to ADP emaj-38 179 43 stability stability NOUN emaj-38 179 44 interests interest NOUN emaj-38 179 45 of of ADP emaj-38 179 46 the the DET emaj-38 179 47 core core NOUN emaj-38 179 48 . . PUNCT emaj-38 180 1 for for ADP emaj-38 180 2 the the DET emaj-38 180 3 oilpoor oilpoor ADJ emaj-38 180 4 states state NOUN emaj-38 180 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 180 6 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 180 7 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 180 8 can can AUX emaj-38 180 9 succeed succeed VERB emaj-38 180 10 in in ADP emaj-38 180 11 the the DET emaj-38 180 12 beginning beginning NOUN emaj-38 180 13 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 180 14 cases case NOUN emaj-38 180 15 of of ADP emaj-38 180 16 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 180 17 and and CCONJ emaj-38 180 18 tunisia tunisia NOUN emaj-38 180 19 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 180 20 with with ADP emaj-38 180 21 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 180 22 intentions intention NOUN emaj-38 180 23 . . PUNCT emaj-38 181 1 these these DET emaj-38 181 2 movements movement NOUN emaj-38 181 3 mostly mostly ADV emaj-38 181 4 initiated initiate VERB emaj-38 181 5 by by ADP emaj-38 181 6 weak weak ADJ emaj-38 181 7 unorganized unorganized ADJ emaj-38 181 8 civil civil ADJ emaj-38 181 9 societies society NOUN emaj-38 181 10 and and CCONJ emaj-38 181 11 these these DET emaj-38 181 12 movements movement NOUN emaj-38 181 13 occurred occur VERB emaj-38 181 14 mostly mostly ADV emaj-38 181 15 in in ADP emaj-38 181 16 the the DET emaj-38 181 17 countries country NOUN emaj-38 181 18 which which PRON emaj-38 181 19 might might AUX emaj-38 181 20 be be AUX emaj-38 181 21 labeled label VERB emaj-38 181 22 as as ADP emaj-38 181 23 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 181 24 strong strong ADJ emaj-38 181 25 states state NOUN emaj-38 181 26 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 181 27 and and CCONJ emaj-38 181 28 weak weak ADJ emaj-38 181 29 societies society NOUN emaj-38 181 30 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 181 31 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 181 32 migdal migdal ADJ emaj-38 181 33 , , PUNCT emaj-38 181 34 1988 1988 NUM emaj-38 181 35 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 181 36 . . PUNCT emaj-38 182 1 it it PRON emaj-38 182 2 would would AUX emaj-38 182 3 be be AUX emaj-38 182 4 wrong wrong ADJ emaj-38 182 5 to to PART emaj-38 182 6 make make VERB emaj-38 182 7 overgeneralizations overgeneralization NOUN emaj-38 182 8 and and CCONJ emaj-38 182 9 to to PART emaj-38 182 10 treat treat VERB emaj-38 182 11 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 182 12 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 182 13 as as ADP emaj-38 182 14 a a DET emaj-38 182 15 single single ADJ emaj-38 182 16 movement movement NOUN emaj-38 182 17 as as SCONJ emaj-38 182 18 the the DET emaj-38 182 19 patterns pattern NOUN emaj-38 182 20 and and CCONJ emaj-38 182 21 demographics demographic NOUN emaj-38 182 22 of of ADP emaj-38 182 23 the the DET emaj-38 182 24 movements movement NOUN emaj-38 182 25 varied vary VERB emaj-38 182 26 widely widely ADV emaj-38 182 27 , , PUNCT emaj-38 182 28 but but CCONJ emaj-38 182 29 it it PRON emaj-38 182 30 is be AUX emaj-38 182 31 certain certain ADJ emaj-38 182 32 that that SCONJ emaj-38 182 33 in in ADP emaj-38 182 34 all all PRON emaj-38 182 35 , , PUNCT emaj-38 182 36 the the DET emaj-38 182 37 countries country NOUN emaj-38 182 38 ’ ’ PART emaj-38 182 39 future future ADJ emaj-38 182 40 missions mission NOUN emaj-38 182 41 will will AUX emaj-38 182 42 also also ADV emaj-38 182 43 be be AUX emaj-38 182 44 very very ADV emaj-38 182 45 challenging challenging ADJ emaj-38 182 46 , , PUNCT emaj-38 182 47 it it PRON emaj-38 182 48 would would AUX emaj-38 182 49 not not PART emaj-38 182 50 be be AUX emaj-38 182 51 easy easy ADJ emaj-38 182 52 for for SCONJ emaj-38 182 53 these these DET emaj-38 182 54 countries country NOUN emaj-38 182 55 to to PART emaj-38 182 56 build build VERB emaj-38 182 57 an an DET emaj-38 182 58 organized organized ADJ emaj-38 182 59 new new ADJ emaj-38 182 60 system system NOUN emaj-38 182 61 in in ADP emaj-38 182 62 their their PRON emaj-38 182 63 countries country NOUN emaj-38 182 64 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 182 65 dupond dupond VERB emaj-38 182 66 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 182 67 : : PUNCT emaj-38 182 68 447 447 NUM emaj-38 182 69 - - NUM emaj-38 182 70 451 451 NUM emaj-38 182 71 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 182 72 . . PUNCT emaj-38 183 1 their their PRON emaj-38 183 2 already already ADV emaj-38 183 3 established establish VERB emaj-38 183 4 vulnerable vulnerable ADJ emaj-38 183 5 position position NOUN emaj-38 183 6 with with ADP emaj-38 183 7 fiscal fiscal ADJ emaj-38 183 8 deficit deficit NOUN emaj-38 183 9 and and CCONJ emaj-38 183 10 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 183 11 moderate moderate ADJ emaj-38 183 12 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 183 13 partners partner NOUN emaj-38 183 14 of of ADP emaj-38 183 15 the the DET emaj-38 183 16 core core NOUN emaj-38 183 17 might might AUX emaj-38 183 18 leave leave VERB emaj-38 183 19 them they PRON emaj-38 183 20 weak weak ADJ emaj-38 183 21 to to PART emaj-38 183 22 establish establish VERB emaj-38 183 23 new new ADJ emaj-38 183 24 - - PUNCT emaj-38 183 25 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 183 26 regimes regime NOUN emaj-38 183 27 . . PUNCT emaj-38 184 1 so so ADV emaj-38 184 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 184 3 there there PRON emaj-38 184 4 are be VERB emaj-38 184 5 still still ADV emaj-38 184 6 obstacles obstacle NOUN emaj-38 184 7 and and CCONJ emaj-38 184 8 challenges challenge NOUN emaj-38 184 9 lying lie VERB emaj-38 184 10 ahead ahead ADV emaj-38 184 11 of of ADP emaj-38 184 12 these these DET emaj-38 184 13 countries country NOUN emaj-38 184 14 to to PART emaj-38 184 15 tackle tackle VERB emaj-38 184 16 and and CCONJ emaj-38 184 17 time time NOUN emaj-38 184 18 will will AUX emaj-38 184 19 show show VERB emaj-38 184 20 their their PRON emaj-38 184 21 ability ability NOUN emaj-38 184 22 to to PART emaj-38 184 23 persevere persevere VERB emaj-38 184 24 against against ADP emaj-38 184 25 the the DET emaj-38 184 26 inner inner ADJ emaj-38 184 27 and and CCONJ emaj-38 184 28 outside outside ADJ emaj-38 184 29 forces force NOUN emaj-38 184 30 and and CCONJ emaj-38 184 31 conflicts conflict NOUN emaj-38 184 32 , , PUNCT emaj-38 184 33 yet yet CCONJ emaj-38 184 34 it it PRON emaj-38 184 35 still still ADV emaj-38 184 36 seems seem VERB emaj-38 184 37 very very ADV emaj-38 184 38 unlikely unlikely ADJ emaj-38 184 39 for for SCONJ emaj-38 184 40 these these DET emaj-38 184 41 movements movement NOUN emaj-38 184 42 to to PART emaj-38 184 43 fulfill fulfill VERB emaj-38 184 44 their their PRON emaj-38 184 45 objectives objective NOUN emaj-38 184 46 . . PUNCT emaj-38 185 1 references reference NOUN emaj-38 185 2 abbas abbas PROPN emaj-38 185 3 alnasrawi alnasrawi PROPN emaj-38 185 4 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 185 5 1991 1991 NUM emaj-38 185 6 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 185 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 185 8 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 185 9 nationalism nationalism NOUN emaj-38 185 10 , , PUNCT emaj-38 185 11 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 185 12 , , PUNCT emaj-38 185 13 and and CCONJ emaj-38 185 14 the the DET emaj-38 185 15 political political ADJ emaj-38 185 16 economy economy NOUN emaj-38 185 17 of of ADP emaj-38 185 18 dependency dependency NOUN emaj-38 185 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 185 20 greenwood greenwood PROPN emaj-38 185 21 press press PROPN emaj-38 185 22 : : PUNCT emaj-38 185 23 new new PROPN emaj-38 185 24 york york PROPN emaj-38 185 25 . . PUNCT emaj-38 186 1 alberto alberto PROPN emaj-38 186 2 alesina alesina PROPN emaj-38 186 3 and and CCONJ emaj-38 186 4 roberto roberto PROPN emaj-38 186 5 perotti perotti PROPN emaj-38 186 6 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 186 7 1994 1994 NUM emaj-38 186 8 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 186 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 186 10 the the DET emaj-38 186 11 political political ADJ emaj-38 186 12 economy economy NOUN emaj-38 186 13 of of ADP emaj-38 186 14 growth growth NOUN emaj-38 186 15 : : PUNCT emaj-38 186 16 a a DET emaj-38 186 17 critical critical ADJ emaj-38 186 18 survey survey NOUN emaj-38 186 19 of of ADP emaj-38 186 20 the the DET emaj-38 186 21 recent recent ADJ emaj-38 186 22 literature literature NOUN emaj-38 186 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 186 24 world world PROPN emaj-38 186 25 bank bank PROPN emaj-38 186 26 economic economic PROPN emaj-38 186 27 review review PROPN emaj-38 186 28 , , PUNCT emaj-38 186 29 8(3 8(3 NUM emaj-38 186 30 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 186 31 , , PUNCT emaj-38 186 32 35 35 NUM emaj-38 186 33 1 1 NUM emaj-38 186 34 - - SYM emaj-38 186 35 71 71 NUM emaj-38 186 36 . . PUNCT emaj-38 187 1 amaney amaney NOUN emaj-38 187 2 jamal jamal PROPN emaj-38 187 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 187 4 2002 2002 NUM emaj-38 187 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 187 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 187 7 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 187 8 citizens citizen NOUN emaj-38 187 9 in in ADP emaj-38 187 10 non non ADJ emaj-38 187 11 - - ADJ emaj-38 187 12 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 187 13 nations nation NOUN emaj-38 187 14 : : PUNCT emaj-38 187 15 civic civic ADJ emaj-38 187 16 participation participation NOUN emaj-38 187 17 and and CCONJ emaj-38 187 18 associational associational ADJ emaj-38 187 19 life life NOUN emaj-38 187 20 in in ADP emaj-38 187 21 the the DET emaj-38 187 22 west west PROPN emaj-38 187 23 bank bank PROPN emaj-38 187 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 187 25 ph.d ph.d PROPN emaj-38 187 26 . . PUNCT emaj-38 187 27 dissertation dissertation NOUN emaj-38 187 28 , , PUNCT emaj-38 187 29 university university NOUN emaj-38 187 30 of of ADP emaj-38 187 31 michigan michigan PROPN emaj-38 187 32 . . PUNCT emaj-38 188 1 amir amir PROPN emaj-38 188 2 azarvan azarvan PROPN emaj-38 188 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 188 4 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 188 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 188 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 188 7 terror terror NOUN emaj-38 188 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 188 9 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 188 10 and and CCONJ emaj-38 188 11 repression repression NOUN emaj-38 188 12 in in ADP emaj-38 188 13 algeria algeria PROPN emaj-38 188 14 , , PUNCT emaj-38 188 15 the the DET emaj-38 188 16 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 188 17 of of ADP emaj-38 188 18 north north ADJ emaj-38 188 19 african african ADJ emaj-38 188 20 studies study NOUN emaj-38 188 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 188 22 15 15 NUM emaj-38 188 23 : : SYM emaj-38 188 24 2 2 NUM emaj-38 188 25 , , PUNCT emaj-38 188 26 231 231 NUM emaj-38 188 27 253 253 NUM emaj-38 188 28 . . PUNCT emaj-38 189 1 anoushiravan anoushiravan ADJ emaj-38 189 2 ehteshami ehteshami ADJ emaj-38 189 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 189 4 1999 1999 NUM emaj-38 189 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 189 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 189 7 is be AUX emaj-38 189 8 the the DET emaj-38 189 9 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 189 10 east east PROPN emaj-38 189 11 democratizing democratize VERB emaj-38 189 12 ? ? PUNCT emaj-38 189 13 , , PUNCT emaj-38 189 14 british british ADJ emaj-38 189 15 journal journal PROPN emaj-38 189 16 of of ADP emaj-38 189 17 middle middle ADJ emaj-38 189 18 eastern eastern ADJ emaj-38 189 19 studies study NOUN emaj-38 189 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 189 21 26 26 NUM emaj-38 189 22 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 189 23 2 2 NUM emaj-38 189 24 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 189 25 . . PUNCT emaj-38 189 26         SPACE emaj-38 190 1 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 190 2 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 190 3 to to ADP emaj-38 190 4 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 190 5 in in ADP emaj-38 190 6 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 190 7 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 190 8 markets market NOUN emaj-38 190 9 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 190 10 | | ADV emaj-38 190 11 p p NOUN emaj-38 190 12 a a PRON emaj-38 190 13 g g NOUN emaj-38 190 14 e e NOUN emaj-38 190 15 | | ADV emaj-38 190 16 46 46 NUM emaj-38 190 17 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 190 18 3 3 NUM emaj-38 190 19 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 190 20 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 190 21 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 190 22 | | ADV emaj-38 190 23 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 190 24 - - PUNCT emaj-38 190 25 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 190 26 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 190 27 online online NOUN emaj-38 190 28 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 190 29 | | ADV emaj-38 190 30 doi doi X emaj-38 190 31 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 190 32 / / SYM emaj-38 190 33 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 PROPN emaj-38 190 34 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu PROPN emaj-38 190 35 charles charles PROPN emaj-38 190 36 tilly tilly PROPN emaj-38 190 37 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 190 38 1985 1985 NUM emaj-38 190 39 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 190 40 . . PUNCT emaj-38 191 1 war war NOUN emaj-38 191 2 making making NOUN emaj-38 191 3 and and CCONJ emaj-38 191 4 state state NOUN emaj-38 191 5 making making NOUN emaj-38 191 6 as as ADP emaj-38 191 7 organized organize VERB emaj-38 191 8 crime crime NOUN emaj-38 191 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 191 10 in in ADP emaj-38 191 11 : : PUNCT emaj-38 191 12 peter peter PROPN emaj-38 191 13 b. b. PROPN emaj-38 191 14 evans evans PROPN emaj-38 191 15 , , PUNCT emaj-38 191 16 dietrich dietrich PROPN emaj-38 191 17 rueschemeyer rueschemeyer PROPN emaj-38 191 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 191 19 and and CCONJ emaj-38 191 20 theda theda X emaj-38 191 21 skocpol skocpol NOUN emaj-38 191 22 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 191 23 eds ed NOUN emaj-38 191 24 . . PUNCT emaj-38 191 25 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 191 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 191 27 brining brine VERB emaj-38 191 28 the the DET emaj-38 191 29 state state NOUN emaj-38 191 30 back back ADV emaj-38 191 31 in in ADV emaj-38 191 32 . . PUNCT emaj-38 192 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN emaj-38 192 2 : : PUNCT emaj-38 192 3 cambridge cambridge PROPN emaj-38 192 4 university university PROPN emaj-38 192 5 press press NOUN emaj-38 192 6 . . PUNCT emaj-38 193 1 pp pp ADJ emaj-38 193 2 . . PUNCT emaj-38 194 1 169 169 NUM emaj-38 194 2 - - SYM emaj-38 194 3 191 191 NUM emaj-38 194 4 . . PUNCT emaj-38 195 1 charles charles PROPN emaj-38 195 2 tilly tilly PROPN emaj-38 195 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 195 4 1990 1990 NUM emaj-38 195 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 195 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 195 7 coercion coercion NOUN emaj-38 195 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 195 9 capital capital NOUN emaj-38 195 10 and and CCONJ emaj-38 195 11 european european ADJ emaj-38 195 12 states state NOUN emaj-38 195 13 , , PUNCT emaj-38 195 14 ad ad NOUN emaj-38 195 15 990 990 NUM emaj-38 195 16 - - SYM emaj-38 195 17 1990 1990 NUM emaj-38 195 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 195 19 oxford oxford PROPN emaj-38 195 20 : : PUNCT emaj-38 195 21 basil basil NOUN emaj-38 195 22 blackwell blackwell PROPN emaj-38 195 23 . . PUNCT emaj-38 196 1 catalina catalina PROPN emaj-38 196 2 amuedo amuedo NOUN emaj-38 196 3 - - PUNCT emaj-38 196 4 dorantes dorante NOUN emaj-38 196 5 and and CCONJ emaj-38 196 6 susan susan PROPN emaj-38 196 7 pozo pozo PROPN emaj-38 196 8 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 196 9 2004 2004 NUM emaj-38 196 10 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 196 11 , , PUNCT emaj-38 196 12 ' ' PUNCT emaj-38 196 13 workers worker NOUN emaj-38 196 14 ' ' PART emaj-38 196 15 remittances remittance NOUN emaj-38 196 16 and and CCONJ emaj-38 196 17 the the DET emaj-38 196 18 real real ADJ emaj-38 196 19 exchange exchange NOUN emaj-38 196 20 rate rate NOUN emaj-38 196 21 : : PUNCT emaj-38 196 22 a a DET emaj-38 196 23 paradox paradox NOUN emaj-38 196 24 of of ADP emaj-38 196 25 gifts gift NOUN emaj-38 196 26 ' ' PART emaj-38 196 27 , , PUNCT emaj-38 196 28 world world NOUN emaj-38 196 29 development development NOUN emaj-38 196 30 vol vol NOUN emaj-38 196 31 32 32 NUM emaj-38 196 32 , , PUNCT emaj-38 196 33 pp pp ADJ emaj-38 196 34 . . PUNCT emaj-38 197 1 1407–1417 1407–1417 NUM emaj-38 197 2 . . PUNCT emaj-38 198 1 ce´dric ce´dric PROPN emaj-38 198 2 dupont dupont PROPN emaj-38 198 3 and and CCONJ emaj-38 198 4 passy passy PROPN emaj-38 198 5 florence florence NOUN emaj-38 198 6 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 198 7 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 198 8 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 198 9 , , PUNCT emaj-38 198 10 the the DET emaj-38 198 11 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 198 12 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 198 13 or or CCONJ emaj-38 198 14 how how SCONJ emaj-38 198 15 to to PART emaj-38 198 16 explain explain VERB emaj-38 198 17 those those DET emaj-38 198 18 revolutionary revolutionary ADJ emaj-38 198 19 episodes episode NOUN emaj-38 198 20 ? ? PUNCT emaj-38 198 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 198 22 swiss swiss ADJ emaj-38 198 23 political political ADJ emaj-38 198 24 science science NOUN emaj-38 198 25 review review NOUN emaj-38 198 26 17(4 17(4 X emaj-38 198 27 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 198 28 pp pp ADV emaj-38 198 29 . . PUNCT emaj-38 199 1 447–451 447–451 NUM emaj-38 199 2 . . PUNCT emaj-38 200 1 daniel daniel PROPN emaj-38 200 2 brumberg brumberg PROPN emaj-38 200 3 et et PROPN emaj-38 200 4 . . PUNCT emaj-38 201 1 al al PROPN emaj-38 201 2 . . PROPN emaj-38 202 1 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 202 2 2010 2010 NUM emaj-38 202 3 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 202 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 202 5 in in ADP emaj-38 202 6 pursuit pursuit NOUN emaj-38 202 7 of of ADP emaj-38 202 8 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 202 9 and and CCONJ emaj-38 202 10 security security NOUN emaj-38 202 11 in in ADP emaj-38 202 12 the the DET emaj-38 202 13 greater great ADJ emaj-38 202 14 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 202 15 east east PROPN emaj-38 202 16 united united PROPN emaj-38 202 17 , , PUNCT emaj-38 202 18 states states PROPN emaj-38 202 19 institute institute PROPN emaj-38 202 20 of of ADP emaj-38 202 21 peace peace NOUN emaj-38 202 22 group group NOUN emaj-38 202 23 report report VERB emaj-38 202 24 working working NOUN emaj-38 202 25 paper paper NOUN emaj-38 202 26 . . PUNCT emaj-38 203 1 daniel daniel PROPN emaj-38 203 2 brumberg brumberg PROPN emaj-38 203 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 203 4 2002 2002 NUM emaj-38 203 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 203 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 203 7 the the DET emaj-38 203 8 trap trap NOUN emaj-38 203 9 of of ADP emaj-38 203 10 liberalized liberalized ADJ emaj-38 203 11 autocracy autocracy NOUN emaj-38 203 12 , , PUNCT emaj-38 203 13 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 203 14 of of ADP emaj-38 203 15 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 203 16 , , PUNCT emaj-38 203 17 13 13 NUM emaj-38 203 18 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 203 19 4 4 NUM emaj-38 203 20 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 203 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 203 22 october october PROPN emaj-38 203 23 2002 2002 NUM emaj-38 203 24 : : PUNCT emaj-38 203 25 56 56 NUM emaj-38 203 26 - - SYM emaj-38 203 27 68 68 NUM emaj-38 203 28 . . PUNCT emaj-38 204 1 daron daron PROPN emaj-38 204 2 acemoglu acemoglu PROPN emaj-38 204 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 204 4 2008 2008 NUM emaj-38 204 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 204 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 204 7 income income NOUN emaj-38 204 8 and and CCONJ emaj-38 204 9 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 204 10 , , PUNCT emaj-38 204 11 the the DET emaj-38 204 12 american american PROPN emaj-38 204 13 economic economic PROPN emaj-38 204 14 review review PROPN emaj-38 204 15 , , PUNCT emaj-38 204 16 vol vol NOUN emaj-38 204 17 . . PROPN emaj-38 204 18 98 98 NUM emaj-38 204 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 204 20 no.3 no.3 X emaj-38 204 21 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 204 22 june june PROPN emaj-38 204 23 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 204 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 204 25 pp pp ADP emaj-38 204 26 . . PUNCT emaj-38 205 1 808 808 NUM emaj-38 205 2 - - SYM emaj-38 205 3 842 842 NUM emaj-38 205 4 . . PUNCT emaj-38 206 1 d. d. PROPN emaj-38 206 2 yergin yergin PROPN emaj-38 206 3 , , PUNCT emaj-38 206 4 d. d. PROPN emaj-38 206 5 and and CCONJ emaj-38 206 6 j. j. PROPN emaj-38 206 7 stanislaw stanislaw PROPN emaj-38 206 8 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 206 9 1993 1993 NUM emaj-38 206 10 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 206 11 , , PUNCT emaj-38 206 12 the the DET emaj-38 206 13 prize prize NOUN emaj-38 206 14 : : PUNCT emaj-38 206 15 the the DET emaj-38 206 16 epic epic ADJ emaj-38 206 17 quest quest NOUN emaj-38 206 18 for for ADP emaj-38 206 19 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 206 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 206 21 money money NOUN emaj-38 206 22 , , PUNCT emaj-38 206 23 and and CCONJ emaj-38 206 24 power power NOUN emaj-38 206 25 , , PUNCT emaj-38 206 26 simon simon PROPN emaj-38 206 27 & & CCONJ emaj-38 206 28 schuster schuster PROPN emaj-38 206 29 adult adult PROPN emaj-38 206 30 publishing publishing NOUN emaj-38 206 31 . . PUNCT emaj-38 207 1 douglas douglas PROPN emaj-38 207 2 hibbs hibbs PROPN emaj-38 207 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 207 4 1973 1973 NUM emaj-38 207 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 207 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 207 7 mass mass ADJ emaj-38 207 8 political political ADJ emaj-38 207 9 violence violence NOUN emaj-38 207 10 : : PUNCT emaj-38 207 11 a a DET emaj-38 207 12 cross cross ADJ emaj-38 207 13 - - ADJ emaj-38 207 14 national national ADJ emaj-38 207 15 causal causal ADJ emaj-38 207 16 analysis analysis NOUN emaj-38 207 17 , , PUNCT emaj-38 207 18 new new PROPN emaj-38 207 19 york york PROPN emaj-38 207 20 : : PUNCT emaj-38 207 21 john john PROPN emaj-38 207 22 wiley wiley PROPN emaj-38 207 23 & & CCONJ emaj-38 207 24 . . PUNCT emaj-38 207 25 sons son NOUN emaj-38 207 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 207 27 inc inc PROPN emaj-38 207 28 . . PROPN emaj-38 207 29 douglas douglas PROPN emaj-38 207 30 a. a. PROPN emaj-38 207 31 yates yates PROPN emaj-38 207 32 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 207 33 1996 1996 NUM emaj-38 207 34 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 207 35 , , PUNCT emaj-38 207 36 the the DET emaj-38 207 37 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 207 38 state state NOUN emaj-38 207 39 in in ADP emaj-38 207 40 africa africa PROPN emaj-38 207 41 , , PUNCT emaj-38 207 42 trenton trenton PROPN emaj-38 207 43 , , PUNCT emaj-38 207 44 nj nj PROPN emaj-38 207 45 : : PUNCT emaj-38 207 46 africa africa PROPN emaj-38 207 47 world world PROPN emaj-38 207 48 press press PROPN emaj-38 207 49 . . PUNCT emaj-38 208 1 ellen ellen PROPN emaj-38 208 2 lust lust PROPN emaj-38 208 3 - - PUNCT emaj-38 208 4 okar okar NOUN emaj-38 208 5 and and CCONJ emaj-38 208 6 amaney amaney NOUN emaj-38 208 7 jamal jamal PROPN emaj-38 208 8 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 208 9 2002 2002 NUM emaj-38 208 10 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 208 11 , , PUNCT emaj-38 208 12 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 208 13 rulers ruler NOUN emaj-38 208 14 and and CCONJ emaj-38 208 15 rules rule NOUN emaj-38 208 16 : : PUNCT emaj-38 208 17 reassessing reassess VERB emaj-38 208 18 electoral electoral ADJ emaj-38 208 19 laws law NOUN emaj-38 208 20 and and CCONJ emaj-38 208 21 political political ADJ emaj-38 208 22 liberalization liberalization NOUN emaj-38 208 23 in in ADP emaj-38 208 24 the the DET emaj-38 208 25 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 208 26 east east PROPN emaj-38 208 27 , , PUNCT emaj-38 208 28 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 208 29 comparative comparative ADJ emaj-38 208 30 political political ADJ emaj-38 208 31 studies study NOUN emaj-38 208 32 , , PUNCT emaj-38 208 33 april april PROPN emaj-38 208 34 . . PUNCT emaj-38 209 1 gene gene NOUN emaj-38 209 2 sharp sharp ADJ emaj-38 209 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 209 4 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 209 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 209 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 209 7 from from ADP emaj-38 209 8 dictatorship dictatorship NOUN emaj-38 209 9 to to ADP emaj-38 209 10 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 209 11 : : PUNCT emaj-38 209 12 a a DET emaj-38 209 13 conceptual conceptual ADJ emaj-38 209 14 framework framework NOUN emaj-38 209 15 for for ADP emaj-38 209 16 liberation liberation NOUN emaj-38 209 17 , , PUNCT emaj-38 209 18 4th 4th ADJ emaj-38 209 19 us us PROPN emaj-38 209 20 edition edition NOUN emaj-38 209 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 209 22 may may AUX emaj-38 209 23 2010 2010 NUM emaj-38 209 24 extracted extract VERB emaj-38 209 25 from from ADP emaj-38 209 26 www.aeinstein.org/organizations/org/fdtd.pdf www.aeinstein.org/organizations/org/fdtd.pdf PROPN emaj-38 209 27 , , PUNCT emaj-38 209 28 2002 2002 NUM emaj-38 209 29 . . PUNCT emaj-38 210 1 libya libya PROPN emaj-38 210 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 210 3 foreign foreign ADJ emaj-38 210 4 affairs affair NOUN emaj-38 210 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 210 6 may may PROPN emaj-38 210 7 june june PROPN emaj-38 210 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 210 9 heinonline heinonline ADJ emaj-38 210 10 -90 -90 PUNCT emaj-38 210 11 /2 /2 PUNCT emaj-38 210 12 . . PUNCT emaj-38 210 13         SPACE emaj-38 211 1 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 211 2 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 211 3 to to ADP emaj-38 211 4 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 211 5 in in ADP emaj-38 211 6 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 211 7 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 211 8 markets market NOUN emaj-38 211 9 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 211 10 | | ADV emaj-38 211 11 p p NOUN emaj-38 211 12 a a DET emaj-38 211 13 g g NOUN emaj-38 211 14 e e NOUN emaj-38 212 1 | | ADV emaj-38 212 2 47 47 NUM emaj-38 212 3 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 212 4 3 3 NUM emaj-38 212 5 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 212 6 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 212 7 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 212 8 | | ADV emaj-38 212 9 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 212 10 - - PUNCT emaj-38 212 11 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 212 12 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 212 13 online online NOUN emaj-38 212 14 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 212 15 | | ADV emaj-38 212 16 doi doi X emaj-38 212 17 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 212 18 / / SYM emaj-38 212 19 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 212 20 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu PROPN emaj-38 212 21 gerd gerd PROPN emaj-38 212 22 nonneman nonneman NOUN emaj-38 212 23 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 212 24 2001 2001 NUM emaj-38 212 25 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 212 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 212 27 state state NOUN emaj-38 212 28 of of ADP emaj-38 212 29 the the DET emaj-38 212 30 art art NOUN emaj-38 212 31 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 212 32 rentiers rentier NOUN emaj-38 212 33 and and CCONJ emaj-38 212 34 autocrats autocrat NOUN emaj-38 212 35 , , PUNCT emaj-38 212 36 monarchs monarch NOUN emaj-38 212 37 and and CCONJ emaj-38 212 38 democrats democrats PROPN emaj-38 212 39 , , PUNCT emaj-38 212 40 state state NOUN emaj-38 212 41 and and CCONJ emaj-38 212 42 society society NOUN emaj-38 212 43 : : PUNCT emaj-38 212 44 the the DET emaj-38 212 45 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 212 46 east east PROPN emaj-38 212 47 between between ADP emaj-38 212 48 globalization globalization NOUN emaj-38 212 49 , , PUNCT emaj-38 212 50 human human ADJ emaj-38 212 51 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 212 52 agency agency NOUN emaj-38 212 53 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 212 54 , , PUNCT emaj-38 212 55 and and CCONJ emaj-38 212 56 europe europe PROPN emaj-38 212 57 , , PUNCT emaj-38 212 58 international international ADJ emaj-38 212 59 affairs affair NOUN emaj-38 212 60 77 77 NUM emaj-38 212 61 , , PUNCT emaj-38 212 62 1 1 NUM emaj-38 212 63 141 141 NUM emaj-38 212 64 - - SYM emaj-38 212 65 162 162 NUM emaj-38 212 66 . . PUNCT emaj-38 212 67 giacomo giacomo PROPN emaj-38 212 68 luciani luciani PROPN emaj-38 212 69 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 212 70 1990 1990 NUM emaj-38 212 71 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 212 72 , , PUNCT emaj-38 212 73 allocation allocation NOUN emaj-38 212 74 vs. vs. ADP emaj-38 212 75 production production NOUN emaj-38 212 76 state state NOUN emaj-38 212 77 : : PUNCT emaj-38 212 78 a a DET emaj-38 212 79 theoretical theoretical ADJ emaj-38 212 80 framework framework NOUN emaj-38 212 81 , , PUNCT emaj-38 212 82 in in ADP emaj-38 212 83 luciani luciani PROPN emaj-38 212 84 g g PROPN emaj-38 212 85 eds ed NOUN emaj-38 212 86 , , PUNCT emaj-38 212 87 the the DET emaj-38 212 88 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 212 89 state state PROPN emaj-38 212 90 , , PUNCT emaj-38 212 91 university university PROPN emaj-38 212 92 of of ADP emaj-38 212 93 california california PROPN emaj-38 212 94 press press PROPN emaj-38 212 95 : : PUNCT emaj-38 212 96 berkeley berkeley PROPN emaj-38 212 97 pp.65 pp.65 PROPN emaj-38 212 98 - - PUNCT emaj-38 212 99 85 85 NUM emaj-38 212 100 . . PUNCT emaj-38 213 1 hazem hazem PROPN emaj-38 213 2 beblawi beblawi PROPN emaj-38 213 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 213 4 1990 1990 NUM emaj-38 213 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 213 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 213 7 the the DET emaj-38 213 8 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 213 9 state state NOUN emaj-38 213 10 in in ADP emaj-38 213 11 the the DET emaj-38 213 12 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 213 13 world world NOUN emaj-38 213 14 , , PUNCT emaj-38 213 15 in in ADP emaj-38 213 16 luciani luciani PROPN emaj-38 213 17 , , PUNCT emaj-38 213 18 g. g. PROPN emaj-38 213 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 213 20 the the DET emaj-38 213 21 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 213 22 state state PROPN emaj-38 213 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 213 24 london london PROPN emaj-38 213 25 , , PUNCT emaj-38 213 26 routledge routledge PROPN emaj-38 213 27 , , PUNCT emaj-38 213 28 p.85 p.85 PROPN emaj-38 213 29 - - SYM emaj-38 213 30 99 99 NUM emaj-38 213 31 . . PUNCT emaj-38 214 1 hartmut hartmut PROPN emaj-38 214 2 elsenhans elsenhans PROPN emaj-38 214 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 214 4 2003 2003 NUM emaj-38 214 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 214 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 214 7 state state NOUN emaj-38 214 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 214 9 class class NOUN emaj-38 214 10 , , PUNCT emaj-38 214 11 and and CCONJ emaj-38 214 12 development development NOUN emaj-38 214 13 , , PUNCT emaj-38 214 14 new new PROPN emaj-38 214 15 delhi delhi PROPN emaj-38 214 16 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 214 17 london london PROPN emaj-38 214 18 : : PUNCT emaj-38 214 19 radiant radiant ADJ emaj-38 214 20 publishers publisher NOUN emaj-38 214 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 214 22 1981 1981 NUM emaj-38 214 23 . . PUNCT emaj-38 215 1 hossein hossein PROPN emaj-38 215 2 mahdavy mahdavy PROPN emaj-38 215 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 215 4 1970 1970 NUM emaj-38 215 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 215 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 215 7 the the DET emaj-38 215 8 pattern pattern NOUN emaj-38 215 9 and and CCONJ emaj-38 215 10 problems problem NOUN emaj-38 215 11 of of ADP emaj-38 215 12 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 215 13 development development NOUN emaj-38 215 14 in in ADP emaj-38 215 15 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 215 16 states state NOUN emaj-38 215 17 : : PUNCT emaj-38 215 18 the the DET emaj-38 215 19 case case NOUN emaj-38 215 20 of of ADP emaj-38 215 21 iran iran PROPN emaj-38 215 22 , , PUNCT emaj-38 215 23 in in ADP emaj-38 215 24 studies study NOUN emaj-38 215 25 in in ADP emaj-38 215 26 the the DET emaj-38 215 27 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 215 28 history history NOUN emaj-38 215 29 of of ADP emaj-38 215 30 the the DET emaj-38 215 31 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 215 32 east east PROPN emaj-38 215 33 , , PUNCT emaj-38 215 34 ed ed NOUN emaj-38 215 35 . . PUNCT emaj-38 216 1 m.a m.a PROPN emaj-38 216 2 . . PROPN emaj-38 216 3 cook cook PROPN emaj-38 216 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 216 5 oxford oxford PROPN emaj-38 216 6 : : PUNCT emaj-38 216 7 oxford oxford PROPN emaj-38 216 8 university university PROPN emaj-38 216 9 press press NOUN emaj-38 216 10 . . PUNCT emaj-38 217 1 jenny jenny PROPN emaj-38 217 2 a. a. PROPN emaj-38 217 3 minier minier PROPN emaj-38 217 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 217 5 democrats democrats PROPN emaj-38 217 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 217 7 dictators dictator NOUN emaj-38 217 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 217 9 and and CCONJ emaj-38 217 10 demonstrators demonstrator NOUN emaj-38 217 11 , , PUNCT emaj-38 217 12 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 217 13 inquiry inquiry NOUN emaj-38 217 14 , , PUNCT emaj-38 217 15 oxford oxford PROPN emaj-38 217 16 university university PROPN emaj-38 217 17 press press NOUN emaj-38 217 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 217 19 vol vol NOUN emaj-38 217 20 . . PUNCT emaj-38 217 21 41(2 41(2 NUM emaj-38 217 22 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 217 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 217 24 pages page VERB emaj-38 217 25 224 224 NUM emaj-38 217 26 - - SYM emaj-38 217 27 233 233 NUM emaj-38 217 28 . . PUNCT emaj-38 218 1 joel joel PROPN emaj-38 218 2 s. s. PROPN emaj-38 218 3 migdal migdal PROPN emaj-38 218 4 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 218 5 1988 1988 NUM emaj-38 218 6 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 218 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 218 8 strong strong ADJ emaj-38 218 9 societies society NOUN emaj-38 218 10 and and CCONJ emaj-38 218 11 weak weak ADJ emaj-38 218 12 states state NOUN emaj-38 218 13 : : PUNCT emaj-38 218 14 state state NOUN emaj-38 218 15 society society NOUN emaj-38 218 16 relations relation NOUN emaj-38 218 17 and and CCONJ emaj-38 218 18 state state NOUN emaj-38 218 19 capabilities capability NOUN emaj-38 218 20 in in ADP emaj-38 218 21 the the DET emaj-38 218 22 third third ADJ emaj-38 218 23 world world NOUN emaj-38 218 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 218 25 . . PUNCT emaj-38 219 1 princeton princeton PROPN emaj-38 219 2 : : PUNCT emaj-38 219 3 princeton princeton PROPN emaj-38 219 4 university university PROPN emaj-38 219 5 press press NOUN emaj-38 219 6 . . PUNCT emaj-38 220 1 juan juan PROPN emaj-38 220 2 r.i r.i PROPN emaj-38 220 3 . . PROPN emaj-38 220 4 cole cole PROPN emaj-38 220 5 and and CCONJ emaj-38 220 6 deniz deniz PROPN emaj-38 220 7 kandiyoti kandiyoti PROPN emaj-38 220 8 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 220 9 2002 2002 NUM emaj-38 220 10 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 220 11 , , PUNCT emaj-38 220 12 nationalism nationalism NOUN emaj-38 220 13 and and CCONJ emaj-38 220 14 the the DET emaj-38 220 15 colonial colonial ADJ emaj-38 220 16 legacy legacy NOUN emaj-38 220 17 in in ADP emaj-38 220 18 the the DET emaj-38 220 19 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 220 20 east east PROPN emaj-38 220 21 and and CCONJ emaj-38 220 22 central central ADJ emaj-38 220 23 asia asia PROPN emaj-38 220 24 : : PUNCT emaj-38 220 25 introduction introduction NOUN emaj-38 220 26 , , PUNCT emaj-38 220 27 international international ADJ emaj-38 220 28 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 220 29 of of ADP emaj-38 220 30 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 220 31 east east PROPN emaj-38 220 32 studies study NOUN emaj-38 220 33 34 34 NUM emaj-38 220 34 , , PUNCT emaj-38 220 35 189 189 NUM emaj-38 220 36 – – SYM emaj-38 220 37 203 203 NUM emaj-38 220 38 . . PUNCT emaj-38 221 1 katerina katerina PROPN emaj-38 221 2 dalacoura dalacoura PROPN emaj-38 221 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 221 4 2012 2012 NUM emaj-38 221 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 221 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 221 7 the the DET emaj-38 221 8 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 221 9 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 221 10 in in ADP emaj-38 221 11 the the DET emaj-38 221 12 arab arab PROPN emaj-38 221 13 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 221 14 east east PROPN emaj-38 221 15 : : PUNCT emaj-38 221 16 political political ADJ emaj-38 221 17 change change NOUN emaj-38 221 18 and and CCONJ emaj-38 221 19 geopolitical geopolitical ADJ emaj-38 221 20 implications implication NOUN emaj-38 221 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 221 22 international international ADJ emaj-38 221 23 affairs affair NOUN emaj-38 221 24 88 88 NUM emaj-38 221 25 : : SYM emaj-38 221 26 1 1 NUM emaj-38 221 27 pp.63–79 pp.63–79 ADV emaj-38 221 28 . . PUNCT emaj-38 222 1 khair khair PROPN emaj-38 222 2 el-­‐din el-­‐din PROPN emaj-38 222 3 haseeb haseeb NOUN emaj-38 222 4 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 222 5 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 222 6 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 222 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 222 8 on on ADP emaj-38 222 9 the the DET emaj-38 222 10 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 222 11 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 222 12 democratic democratic ADJ emaj-38 222 13 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 222 14 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 222 15 : : PUNCT emaj-38 222 16 lessons lesson NOUN emaj-38 222 17 derived derive VERB emaj-38 222 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 222 19 contemporary contemporary PROPN emaj-38 222 20 arab arab PROPN emaj-38 222 21 affairs affairs PROPN emaj-38 222 22 , , PUNCT emaj-38 222 23 4:2 4:2 NUM emaj-38 222 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 222 25 113 113 NUM emaj-38 222 26 - - SYM emaj-38 222 27 122 122 NUM emaj-38 222 28 . . PUNCT emaj-38 223 1 lisa lisa PROPN emaj-38 223 2 anderson anderson PROPN emaj-38 223 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 223 4 1987 1987 NUM emaj-38 223 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 223 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 223 7 the the DET emaj-38 223 8 state state NOUN emaj-38 223 9 in in ADP emaj-38 223 10 the the DET emaj-38 223 11 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 223 12 east east PROPN emaj-38 223 13 and and CCONJ emaj-38 223 14 north north PROPN emaj-38 223 15 africa africa PROPN emaj-38 223 16 , , PUNCT emaj-38 223 17 comparative comparative ADJ emaj-38 223 18 politics politic NOUN emaj-38 223 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 223 20 vol vol NOUN emaj-38 223 21 . . PROPN emaj-38 223 22 20 20 NUM emaj-38 223 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 223 24 no no INTJ emaj-38 223 25 . . NOUN emaj-38 223 26 1 1 NUM emaj-38 223 27 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 223 28 oct oct PROPN emaj-38 223 29 . . PROPN emaj-38 223 30 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 223 31 , , PUNCT emaj-38 223 32 pp pp ADP emaj-38 223 33 . . PUNCT emaj-38 224 1 1 1 NUM emaj-38 224 2 - - SYM emaj-38 224 3 18 18 NUM emaj-38 224 4 . . PUNCT emaj-38 225 1 lisa lisa PROPN emaj-38 225 2 anderson anderson PROPN emaj-38 225 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 225 4 2010 2010 NUM emaj-38 225 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 225 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 225 7 demystifying demystify VERB emaj-38 225 8 the the DET emaj-38 225 9 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 225 10 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 225 11 parsing parse VERB emaj-38 225 12 the the DET emaj-38 225 13 differences difference NOUN emaj-38 225 14 between between ADP emaj-38 225 15 tunisia tunisia PROPN emaj-38 225 16 , , PUNCT emaj-38 225 17 egypt egypt PROPN emaj-38 225 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 225 19 and and CCONJ emaj-38 225 20 ghada ghada PROPN emaj-38 225 21 fayad fayad PROPN emaj-38 225 22 , , PUNCT emaj-38 225 23 remittances remittance NOUN emaj-38 225 24 and and CCONJ emaj-38 225 25 dutch dutch ADJ emaj-38 225 26 disease disease NOUN emaj-38 225 27 : : PUNCT emaj-38 225 28 a a DET emaj-38 225 29 dynamic dynamic ADJ emaj-38 225 30 heterogeneous heterogeneous ADJ emaj-38 225 31 panel panel NOUN emaj-38 225 32 analysis analysis NOUN emaj-38 225 33 on on ADP emaj-38 225 34 themiddle themiddle PROPN emaj-38 225 35 east east PROPN emaj-38 225 36 and and CCONJ emaj-38 225 37 north north PROPN emaj-38 225 38 africa africa PROPN emaj-38 225 39 region region PROPN emaj-38 225 40 , , PUNCT emaj-38 225 41 february february PROPN emaj-38 225 42 . . PUNCT emaj-38 225 43         SPACE emaj-38 225 44 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 225 45 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 225 46 to to ADP emaj-38 225 47 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 225 48 in in ADP emaj-38 225 49 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 225 50 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 225 51 markets market NOUN emaj-38 225 52 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 225 53 | | ADV emaj-38 225 54 p p NOUN emaj-38 225 55 a a PRON emaj-38 225 56 g g NOUN emaj-38 225 57 e e NOUN emaj-38 225 58 | | ADV emaj-38 225 59 48 48 NUM emaj-38 225 60 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 225 61 3 3 NUM emaj-38 225 62 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 225 63 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 225 64 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 225 65 | | ADV emaj-38 225 66 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 225 67 - - PUNCT emaj-38 225 68 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 225 69 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 225 70 online online NOUN emaj-38 225 71 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 225 72 | | ADV emaj-38 225 73 doi doi X emaj-38 225 74 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 225 75 / / SYM emaj-38 225 76 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 PROPN emaj-38 225 77 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu PROPN emaj-38 225 78 leonard leonard PROPN emaj-38 225 79 wantchekon wantchekon PROPN emaj-38 225 80 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 225 81 1999 1999 NUM emaj-38 225 82 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 225 83 , , PUNCT emaj-38 225 84 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 225 85 why why SCONJ emaj-38 225 86 do do AUX emaj-38 225 87 resource resource NOUN emaj-38 225 88 dependent dependent ADJ emaj-38 225 89 countries country NOUN emaj-38 225 90 have have VERB emaj-38 225 91 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 225 92 governments government NOUN emaj-38 225 93 ? ? PUNCT emaj-38 225 94 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 225 95 , , PUNCT emaj-38 225 96 extracted extract VERB emaj-38 225 97 from from ADP emaj-38 225 98 www.yale.edu/leitner/resources/docs/1999-11.pdf www.yale.edu/leitner/resources/docs/1999-11.pdf PROPN emaj-38 225 99 . . PUNCT emaj-38 226 1 margaret margaret PROPN emaj-38 226 2 levi levi PROPN emaj-38 226 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 226 4 1996 1996 NUM emaj-38 226 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 226 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 7 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 226 8 thinking think VERB emaj-38 226 9 about about ADP emaj-38 226 10 how how SCONJ emaj-38 226 11 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 226 12 works work VERB emaj-38 226 13 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 14 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 226 15 politics politic NOUN emaj-38 226 16 and and CCONJ emaj-38 226 17 society society NOUN emaj-38 226 18 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 19 24 24 NUM emaj-38 226 20 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 226 21 1 1 NUM emaj-38 226 22 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 226 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 24 march march PROPN emaj-38 226 25 : : PUNCT emaj-38 226 26 7 7 NUM emaj-38 226 27 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 28 19 19 NUM emaj-38 226 29 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 30 45 45 NUM emaj-38 226 31 . . PUNCT emaj-38 226 32 mark mark PROPN emaj-38 226 33 j. j. PROPN emaj-38 226 34 gasiorowski gasiorowski PROPN emaj-38 226 35 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 226 36 1995 1995 NUM emaj-38 226 37 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 226 38 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 39 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 226 40 crisis crisis NOUN emaj-38 226 41 and and CCONJ emaj-38 226 42 political political ADJ emaj-38 226 43 regime regime NOUN emaj-38 226 44 change change NOUN emaj-38 226 45 : : PUNCT emaj-38 226 46 an an DET emaj-38 226 47 event event NOUN emaj-38 226 48 history history NOUN emaj-38 226 49 analysis analysis NOUN emaj-38 226 50 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 51 the the DET emaj-38 226 52 american american ADJ emaj-38 226 53 political political ADJ emaj-38 226 54 science science PROPN emaj-38 226 55 review review NOUN emaj-38 226 56 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 57 vol vol NOUN emaj-38 226 58 . . PROPN emaj-38 226 59 89 89 NUM emaj-38 226 60 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 61 no no INTJ emaj-38 226 62 . . NOUN emaj-38 226 63 4 4 NUM emaj-38 226 64 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 226 65 dec dec PROPN emaj-38 226 66 . . PROPN emaj-38 226 67 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 226 68 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 69 pp pp PROPN emaj-38 226 70 . . PUNCT emaj-38 226 71 882 882 NUM emaj-38 226 72 - - SYM emaj-38 226 73 897 897 NUM emaj-38 226 74 . . PUNCT emaj-38 226 75 micheal micheal PROPN emaj-38 226 76 herb herb PROPN emaj-38 226 77 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 226 78 2003 2003 NUM emaj-38 226 79 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 226 80 , , PUNCT emaj-38 226 81 no no DET emaj-38 226 82 representation representation NOUN emaj-38 226 83 without without ADP emaj-38 226 84 taxation taxation NOUN emaj-38 226 85 ? ? PUNCT emaj-38 227 1 rents rent NOUN emaj-38 227 2 , , PUNCT emaj-38 227 3 development development NOUN emaj-38 227 4 and and CCONJ emaj-38 227 5 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 227 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 227 7 comparative comparative ADJ emaj-38 227 8 politics politic NOUN emaj-38 227 9 37 37 NUM emaj-38 227 10 , , PUNCT emaj-38 227 11 no.3 no.3 PROPN emaj-38 227 12 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 227 13 april april PROPN emaj-38 227 14 2005 2005 NUM emaj-38 227 15 ): ): PUNCT emaj-38 227 16 297 297 NUM emaj-38 227 17 - - SYM emaj-38 227 18 317 317 NUM emaj-38 227 19 . . PUNCT emaj-38 228 1 micheal micheal PROPN emaj-38 228 2 l. l. PROPN emaj-38 228 3 ross ross PROPN emaj-38 228 4 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 228 5 2009 2009 NUM emaj-38 228 6 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 228 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 228 8 does do VERB emaj-38 228 9 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 228 10 hinder hinder NOUN emaj-38 228 11 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 228 12 ? ? PUNCT emaj-38 228 13 , , PUNCT emaj-38 228 14 world world NOUN emaj-38 228 15 politics politic NOUN emaj-38 228 16 , , PUNCT emaj-38 228 17 vol vol NOUN emaj-38 228 18 53 53 NUM emaj-38 228 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 228 20 april april PROPN emaj-38 228 21 ; ; PUNCT emaj-38 228 22 pp.325–61 pp.325–61 PUNCT emaj-38 228 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 228 24 2001 2001 NUM emaj-38 228 25 michael michael PROPN emaj-38 228 26 ross ross PROPN emaj-38 228 27 , , PUNCT emaj-38 228 28 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 228 29 and and CCONJ emaj-38 228 30 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 228 31 revisited revisit VERB emaj-38 228 32 , , PUNCT emaj-38 228 33 extracted extract VERB emaj-38 228 34 from from ADP emaj-38 228 35 www.sscnet.ucla.edu/.../ross/oil www.sscnet.ucla.edu/.../ross/oil PROPN emaj-38 228 36 % % NOUN emaj-38 228 37 20and%20democracy%20revisited.pdf 20and%20democracy%20revisited.pdf PROPN emaj-38 228 38 . . PUNCT emaj-38 229 1 mick mick PROPN emaj-38 229 2 moore moore PROPN emaj-38 229 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 229 4 2007 2007 NUM emaj-38 229 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 229 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 229 7 how how SCONJ emaj-38 229 8 does do AUX emaj-38 229 9 taxation taxation NOUN emaj-38 229 10 affect affect VERB emaj-38 229 11 the the DET emaj-38 229 12 quality quality NOUN emaj-38 229 13 of of ADP emaj-38 229 14 governance governance NOUN emaj-38 229 15 ? ? PUNCT emaj-38 229 16 , , PUNCT emaj-38 229 17 tax tax NOUN emaj-38 229 18 notes note NOUN emaj-38 229 19 int’l int’l NOUN emaj-38 229 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 229 21 july july PROPN emaj-38 229 22 2 2 NUM emaj-38 229 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 229 24 pp pp ADJ emaj-38 229 25 . . PUNCT emaj-38 229 26 79 79 NUM emaj-38 229 27 . . PUNCT emaj-38 230 1 mohammed mohammed PROPN emaj-38 230 2 iben iben PROPN emaj-38 230 3 sunitan sunitan PROPN emaj-38 230 4 et et PROPN emaj-38 230 5 al al PROPN emaj-38 230 6 . . PROPN emaj-38 230 7 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 230 8 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 230 9 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 230 10 , , PUNCT emaj-38 230 11 views view NOUN emaj-38 230 12 from from ADP emaj-38 230 13 the the DET emaj-38 230 14 arab arab PROPN emaj-38 230 15 gulf gulf PROPN emaj-38 230 16 on on ADP emaj-38 230 17 the the DET emaj-38 230 18 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 230 19 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 230 20 spring spring NOUN emaj-38 230 21 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 230 22 and and CCONJ emaj-38 230 23 its its PRON emaj-38 230 24 repercussions repercussion NOUN emaj-38 230 25 , , PUNCT emaj-38 230 26 contemporary contemporary ADJ emaj-38 230 27 arab arab PROPN emaj-38 230 28 affairs affairs PROPN emaj-38 230 29 , , PUNCT emaj-38 230 30 4:4 4:4 NUM emaj-38 230 31 , , PUNCT emaj-38 230 32 501 501 NUM emaj-38 230 33 - - SYM emaj-38 230 34 523 523 NUM emaj-38 230 35 . . PUNCT emaj-38 231 1 nevzat nevzat ADJ emaj-38 231 2 soguk soguk NOUN emaj-38 231 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 231 4 2011 2011 NUM emaj-38 231 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 231 6 uprisings uprising NOUN emaj-38 231 7 in in ADP emaj-38 231 8 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 231 9 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 231 10 streets street NOUN emaj-38 231 11 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 231 12 , , PUNCT emaj-38 231 13 revolutions revolution NOUN emaj-38 231 14 in in ADP emaj-38 231 15 ‘ ' PUNCT emaj-38 231 16 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 231 17 minds mind NOUN emaj-38 231 18 ’ ' PUNCT emaj-38 231 19 ! ! PUNCT emaj-38 232 1 a a DET emaj-38 232 2 provocation provocation NOUN emaj-38 232 3 , , PUNCT emaj-38 232 4 globalizations globalization NOUN emaj-38 232 5 , , PUNCT emaj-38 232 6 8:5 8:5 NUM emaj-38 232 7 , , PUNCT emaj-38 232 8 pp pp ADJ emaj-38 232 9 . . PUNCT emaj-38 233 1 595 595 NUM emaj-38 233 2 - - SYM emaj-38 233 3 599 599 NUM emaj-38 233 4 . . PUNCT emaj-38 234 1 nichola nichola PROPN emaj-38 234 2 cristine cristine PROPN emaj-38 234 3 pratt pratt PROPN emaj-38 234 4 , , PUNCT emaj-38 234 5 democracy democracy NOUN emaj-38 234 6 and and CCONJ emaj-38 234 7 authoritarianism authoritarianism NOUN emaj-38 234 8 in in ADP emaj-38 234 9 the the DET emaj-38 234 10 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 234 11 world world NOUN emaj-38 234 12 , , PUNCT emaj-38 234 13 rienner rienner ADJ emaj-38 234 14 publishing publishing NOUN emaj-38 234 15 . . PUNCT emaj-38 235 1 okruhlik okruhlik PROPN emaj-38 235 2 gwenn gwenn PROPN emaj-38 235 3 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 235 4 1999 1999 NUM emaj-38 235 5 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 235 6 , , PUNCT emaj-38 235 7 wealth wealth NOUN emaj-38 235 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 235 9 unruly unruly ADJ emaj-38 235 10 law law NOUN emaj-38 235 11 , , PUNCT emaj-38 235 12 and and CCONJ emaj-38 235 13 the the DET emaj-38 235 14 rise rise NOUN emaj-38 235 15 of of ADP emaj-38 235 16 opposition opposition NOUN emaj-38 235 17 : : PUNCT emaj-38 235 18 the the DET emaj-38 235 19 political political ADJ emaj-38 235 20 economy economy NOUN emaj-38 235 21 of of ADP emaj-38 235 22 oil oil NOUN emaj-38 235 23 states state NOUN emaj-38 235 24 , , PUNCT emaj-38 235 25 comparative comparative ADJ emaj-38 235 26 politics politic NOUN emaj-38 235 27 , , PUNCT emaj-38 235 28 vol vol NOUN emaj-38 235 29 . . PROPN emaj-38 235 30 31 31 NUM emaj-38 235 31 , , PUNCT emaj-38 235 32 no no INTJ emaj-38 235 33 . . NOUN emaj-38 235 34 3 3 NUM emaj-38 235 35 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 235 36 apr apr PROPN emaj-38 235 37 . . PUNCT emaj-38 235 38 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 235 39 , , PUNCT emaj-38 235 40 pp pp ADP emaj-38 235 41 . . PUNCT emaj-38 236 1 295 295 NUM emaj-38 236 2 - - SYM emaj-38 236 3 315 315 NUM emaj-38 236 4 . . PUNCT emaj-38 236 5 oliver oliver PROPN emaj-38 236 6 schlumberger schlumberger PROPN emaj-38 236 7 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 236 8 2002 2002 NUM emaj-38 236 9 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 236 10 , , PUNCT emaj-38 236 11 transition transition NOUN emaj-38 236 12 in in ADP emaj-38 236 13 the the DET emaj-38 236 14 arab arab ADJ emaj-38 236 15 world world NOUN emaj-38 236 16 : : PUNCT emaj-38 236 17 guidelines guideline NOUN emaj-38 236 18 for for ADP emaj-38 236 19 comparison comparison NOUN emaj-38 236 20 , , PUNCT emaj-38 236 21 mediterranean mediterranean PROPN emaj-38 236 22 programme programme PROPN emaj-38 236 23 series series PROPN emaj-38 237 1 rsc rsc PROPN emaj-38 237 2 no no INTJ emaj-38 237 3 . . PROPN emaj-38 238 1 2002/22 2002/22 NUM emaj-38 238 2 . . PUNCT emaj-38 238 3 oliver oliver PROPN emaj-38 238 4 schlumberger schlumberger PROPN emaj-38 238 5 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 238 6 2005 2005 NUM emaj-38 238 7 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 238 8 , , PUNCT emaj-38 238 9 rents rent NOUN emaj-38 238 10 , , PUNCT emaj-38 238 11 reform reform NOUN emaj-38 238 12 , , PUNCT emaj-38 238 13 and and CCONJ emaj-38 238 14 authoritarianism authoritarianism NOUN emaj-38 238 15 in in ADP emaj-38 238 16 the the DET emaj-38 238 17 middle middle PROPN emaj-38 238 18 east east PROPN emaj-38 238 19 , , PUNCT emaj-38 238 20 a a DET emaj-38 238 21 paper paper NOUN emaj-38 238 22 presented present VERB emaj-38 238 23 to to ADP emaj-38 238 24 the the DET emaj-38 238 25 workshop workshop NOUN emaj-38 238 26 on on ADP emaj-38 238 27 “ " PUNCT emaj-38 238 28 transforming transform VERB emaj-38 238 29 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ emaj-38 238 30 rentier renti ADJ emaj-38 238 31 economies economy NOUN emaj-38 238 32 ” " PUNCT emaj-38 238 33 organized organize VERB emaj-38 238 34 by by ADP emaj-38 238 35 the the DET emaj-38 238 36 friedrich friedrich PROPN emaj-38 238 37 ebert ebert PROPN emaj-38 238 38 foundation foundation PROPN emaj-38 238 39 , , PUNCT emaj-38 238 40 the the DET emaj-38 238 41         SPACE emaj-38 238 42 economic economic ADJ emaj-38 238 43 barriers barrier NOUN emaj-38 238 44 to to ADP emaj-38 238 45 democratization democratization NOUN emaj-38 238 46 in in ADP emaj-38 238 47 mena mena PROPN emaj-38 238 48 emerging emerge VERB emaj-38 238 49 markets market NOUN emaj-38 238 50 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 238 51 | | ADV emaj-38 238 52 p p NOUN emaj-38 238 53 a a DET emaj-38 238 54 g g NOUN emaj-38 238 55 e e NOUN emaj-38 238 56 | | ADV emaj-38 238 57 49 49 NUM emaj-38 238 58 volume volume NOUN emaj-38 238 59 3 3 NUM emaj-38 238 60 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 238 61 2013 2013 NUM emaj-38 238 62 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 238 63 | | ADV emaj-38 238 64 issn2158 issn2158 PROPN emaj-38 238 65 - - PUNCT emaj-38 238 66 8708 8708 NUM emaj-38 238 67 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 238 68 online online NOUN emaj-38 238 69 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 238 70 | | ADV emaj-38 238 71 doi doi X emaj-38 238 72 10.5195 10.5195 NUM emaj-38 238 73 / / SYM emaj-38 238 74 emaj.2013.38 emaj.2013.38 NOUN emaj-38 238 75 http://emaj.pitt.edu http://emaj.pitt.edu PROPN emaj-38 238 76 german german PROPN emaj-38 238 77 development development PROPN emaj-38 238 78 institute institute PROPN emaj-38 238 79 and and CCONJ emaj-38 238 80 the the DET emaj-38 238 81 german german ADJ emaj-38 238 82 overseas overseas PROPN emaj-38 238 83 institute institute PROPN emaj-38 238 84 , , PUNCT emaj-38 238 85 11th 11th ADJ emaj-38 238 86 triennial triennial ADJ emaj-38 238 87 general general ADJ emaj-38 238 88 conference conference NOUN emaj-38 238 89 of of ADP emaj-38 238 90 the the DET emaj-38 238 91 european european PROPN emaj-38 238 92 association association PROPN emaj-38 238 93 of of ADP emaj-38 238 94 development development PROPN emaj-38 238 95 research research NOUN emaj-38 238 96 and and CCONJ emaj-38 238 97 training training NOUN emaj-38 238 98 institutes institutes PROPN emaj-38 238 99 , , PUNCT emaj-38 238 100 bonn bonn PROPN emaj-38 238 101 , , PUNCT emaj-38 238 102 september september PROPN emaj-38 238 103 22 22 NUM emaj-38 238 104 - - SYM emaj-38 238 105 23 23 NUM emaj-38 238 106 . . PUNCT emaj-38 239 1 pablo pablo PROPN emaj-38 239 2 a. a. PROPN emaj-38 239 3 acosta acosta PROPN emaj-38 239 4 et et PROPN emaj-38 239 5 al al PROPN emaj-38 239 6 . . PROPN emaj-38 239 7 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 239 8 2009 2009 NUM emaj-38 239 9 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 239 10 , , PUNCT emaj-38 239 11 remittances remittance NOUN emaj-38 239 12 and and CCONJ emaj-38 239 13 the the DET emaj-38 239 14 dutch dutch ADJ emaj-38 239 15 disease disease NOUN emaj-38 239 16 , , PUNCT emaj-38 239 17 journal journal NOUN emaj-38 239 18 of of ADP emaj-38 239 19 international international ADJ emaj-38 239 20 economics economic NOUN emaj-38 239 21 , , PUNCT emaj-38 239 22 sept sept PROPN emaj-38 239 23 , , PUNCT emaj-38 239 24 vol.79 vol.79 ADP emaj-38 239 25 ( ( PUNCT emaj-38 239 26 1 1 NUM emaj-38 239 27 ) ) PUNCT emaj-38 239 28 , , PUNCT emaj-38 239 29 pp.102 pp.102 PROPN emaj-38 239 30 . . PUNCT