Jurnal Empowerment Volume 8 Nomor 2, Februari 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 126 COMMUNITY READING GARDEN MANAGEMENT (TBM) MANAGEMENT IN IMPROVING WOMEN'S ECOLOGICAL LITERATION JUHANAP2PAUD dan DIKMAS Jawa Barat, Indonesiajuhelembang@yahoo.co.id ABSTRACTThe community reading park (TBM) is one of the community educationinstitutions that has become the foundation for the development of programsto improve the quality of life of the community. Because with the presence ofTBM the community will have broad access to information and cooperationnetworks. However, the management of this community education unit is stillexperiencing various obstacles, therefore it is necessary to examine theprocess of managing community education units, especially in the context ofincreasing ecological literacy for women. The theories used areempowerment theory, public education theory and environmental ecologytheory. While the research method used is descriptive qualitative researchmethod with a research source of 10 respondents, the instruments used areinterview guidelines, observation guidelines and documentation studies. Inthe results it was found that management of TBM managers played animportant role in improving ecological literacy, including supportingwomen's understanding in utilizing the environment to improve the qualityof life. With the conclusion that the management of TBM managementprovides support for increasing ecological literacy for women. Keywords: management, community reading parks, women's ecologicalliteracy PRELIMINARYOne very dynamic relationship between humans and their environment, can be seenfrom how they live together, side by side with all the surrounding components. It is tooconceptual indeed, even though in reality it is not. The ability of each individual tobehave well in his daily life, by using his understanding of environmental conditions iswhat is called environmental literacy.Environmental literacy is not a new scientific discipline or even a new concept instudying human relations with their environment. This, is a simple thought and departsfrom physical determinism, physical possibility or even anthropocentrism. The physicaldeterminism itself is the view that nature has provided everything that humans need forlife and humans strive to be in line with existing environmental conditions. In this case,humans do not have many alternatives to determine their role in the environment inwhich they live. This is different from the possibility of possibilism. Humans have somany possibilities, so many alternatives to minimize the shortcomings of existing Jurnal Empowerment Volume 8 Nomor 2, Februari 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 127 environmental conditions. In other words, humans can think and try hard to overcomethe limitations that nature provides.Environmental literacy can be small things, as :1. Providing 25% of vegetated open space at home. With the existence of vegetatedopen land, it means that it has allowed rainwater to penetrate into the soil, hasprovided continuity in the gas cycle especially oxygen and carbon dioxide well.2. Provides adequate pentylation. With the thylation, it means that in addition to thegas cycle, especially oxygen and carbon dioxide occur well. And prevent the housefrom being a dirty and damp place.3. Allowing sunlight to enter in the morning and afternoon. Sunlight functions to killbad bacteria at home. And the house is not dirty, of course.4. Establish a house in a sloping place. The homeowner can avoid the risk of landslidesif his house is built in a place with steep or sloping slopes.5. Houses with their own toilets are better.Community Reading Park (TBM) is one of the institutions built in order to facilitatevarious community activities related to enriching existing sources of literacy thatbenefit their lives. With these various opportunities, it is expected to provide addedvalue to the quality of people's lives, not only in the economic field, but also in the fieldsof education, culture, social and even politics. TBM provides an opportunity for thecommunity to access various fields of information relating to various needs of thecommunity itself, so that they can immediately utilize the information and potentialthey have to develop needs in the midst of society.Community empowerment in the field of literacy is mainly developed through a seriesof strengthening the life capacities of women, because this will be one way to developeducational capacity related to strengthening women as one of the initiators ofincreasing community empowerment around them. This is because most men inLembang Village earn a living as farm laborers, construction workers and entrepreneursoutside the Lembang Village area. So that with these conditions, it is expected thatwomen can provide added value to family life by using public reading parks as a meansto increase their daily knowledge and skills. The capacity of women to be able todevelop themselves is indisputable, because of the ability of women to be more selectiveand intensive in carrying out their tasks and able to do several tasks simultaneously(Karwati, Ansori, & Mulyono, 2018).The Community Reading Park development program and the strengthening of women'slife capacity are needed to improve the quality of life in Lembang Village, this is relatedto the implementation of community education in real life. Community education must Jurnal Empowerment Volume 8 Nomor 2, Februari 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 128 be the spearhead in a clearer improvement and strengthening, especially in people'slives. So that it truly provides a clear value for life, both in the fields of economy, social,political, cultural and other fields of life (Saepudin & Mulyono, 2019). Thisstrengthening alone will have implications for the community itself and the capacity fornon-formal education developed through community education (Mulyono, Affirming theCharacter of Nonformal Education, 2012).However, the main problem in the management of TBM is about strengtheningmanagement settings related to professional management systems, including the use ofvarious internet network systems to make it easier for people to access informationcontained in TBM collections. Strengthening management is important, because withgood management, it will support greater strengthening in the concept of publiceducation and its implications for the quality of life of the community (Mulyono, 2018).With this background, the author focuses on the problem of Management of On-LineCommunity Reading Gardens (TBM) Management in Improving Women's EcologyLiteracy. THEORETICAL BASIS The Concept of Management of Community Education UnitsOut-of-school education is every opportunity where there is regular and directedcommunication outside the school and someone obtains information, knowledge,training and guidance according to age and life needs, with the aim of developing thelevel of skills, attitudes and values that enable him to become a participant efficient andeffective participants in the family environment, work even in the environment of thecommunity and country.Phillips H. Coombs (in Sudjana, 2001: 67), revealed that out-of-school education is anyorganized educational activity held outside the formal system, either alone or as part ofa broad activity, which is intended to provide services to students certain in order toachieve learning goals. Concept of Community Reading GardensCommunity Reading Park (TBM) as a medium for developing reading culture is a placeto access various reading materials: such as textbooks, practical skill books, knowledgebooks, religious books, entertainment books, literary works and other reading materialsin accordance with objective conditions and needs. the surrounding community andreading interest are both new letters, students in the formal and non-formal educationpathways (study citizens), and the general public without age limits.In Lembang Village, Lembang Sub-District, West Bandung Regency, many CommunityReading Parks are integrated with Community Learning Activity Centers (PKBM). TheCenter for Community Learning Activities is a place to intensify and coordinate various Jurnal Empowerment Volume 8 Nomor 2, Februari 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 129 community learning activities, the implementation of which is centered in a place withthe status of management and ownership is by and for the community. PKBM is a placefor various learning activities needed by the community in accordance with theirinterests and needs with a community-based education approach. PKBM is acommunity-formed educational institution, which is managed and developed by thecommunity itself with the aim of providing educational service needs in the community.PKBM as a source of information contains various types of learning programs that areuseful especially in capacity building in the field of functional skills that are orientedtowards empowering the potential of local communities through community-basededucation approaches to improve community knowledge, skills and attitudes in theeconomic, social and cultural fields. The existence of PKBM has great potential to beused as coordination of learning programs in the community. The availability of qualitymanagers / organizers, teaching staff / tutors, is a special attraction for the communityto come to PKBM. The aim of PKBM is to empower the community for independence,through programs implemented in PKBM, in order to form people who have knowledge,skills and attitudes, while the functions of PKBM itself are (Sihombing, 1999: 109).However, TBM, however, has its own program characteristics that are tailored to theneeds and interests of the community.In general, it can be described that the Community Reading Park (TBM) is an institutionor service unit that provides reading material for a group of people in an area in orderto increase public interest in reading. People realize and appreciate that reading parksare very much needed by the community. Community interest in TBM must continue tobe fostered and developed so that people get the information they need. Becauseinterest in reading and literacy is a condition that must continue to be developed andstrengthened according to the needs of the community itself. In general, the functions ofthe Community Reading Park are learning functions, recreational functions andinformation functions. This shows consistency in building a series of literacy programsrelated to public education carried out in community reading parks. The Concept of Ecological LiteracyThe definition of literacy in general is the ability of individuals to process andunderstand information when reading or writing. Literacy is more than just literacy,therefore, literacy is inseparable from language skills, namely written and oral languageknowledge that requires a range of cognitive abilities, knowledge about genres andculture.Although literacy is a concept that has complex, dynamic meaning, it is constantlyinterpreted and defined in a variety of ways and perspectives, but the essence of one'sliteracy is the main basis for the development of broader meaning of literacy.The term literacy in Indonesian is an absorption word from English literacy which isetymologically derived from Latin literatus, which means people who learn. In Latin Jurnal Empowerment Volume 8 Nomor 2, Februari 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 130 there is also the term littera (letters), namely the writing system with the accompanyingconvention.Understanding of literacy according to UNESCO (in pemkabbelitung.go.id, April 26,2017) is a set of real skills, especially cognitive skills of reading and writing, which areindependent of the context in which those skills are obtained and how to obtain them.People's understanding of the meaning of literacy is strongly influenced by academicresearch, institutions, national context, cultural values, and also experience.In the Merriam-Webster online dictionary (Merriam-Webster, 2019), the notion ofLiteracy is the quality or ability of "literacy" which includes the ability to read and writeand the ability to recognize and understand ideas conveyed visually and alsointerpreted as ownership on competence or expertise (video, image).Environmental problems cannot be overcome, only improving relations betweenhumans and their environment, but also by making improvements to the values, normsand ethics of life. These improvements are included in the concept of eco-literacy, whichis about awareness of environmental sustainability. People who have been ecologicallyliterated are people who are very concerned about the importance of protecting theenvironment, caring for the earth, ecosystems and nature as a place to develop life. The Concept of Women's EmpowermentEmpowerment and empowerment are translations of the words "empowernwent" and"empower" according to Webster and the Oxford English Dictionary, the word empowercontains the first meaning is to give power or authrity to which means giving power,diverting power or delegating authority to another party, while meaning the second isto give ability to or enable which is an effort to provide ability or empowerment(Panarka & Moeljarto, 1996).The concept of women's empowerment is basically a new paradigm of development thatmore concentrates the characteristics of "people centered, participatory empoweringsustainable". Although the understanding is different but still has the same goal. that isto build power, by encouraging, motivating, and raising awareness of its potential, aswell as efforts to develop a better direction. Community empowerment is not just tomeet basic needs or provide a preventive mechanism for further thought processes.Empowerment of women is a systematic and planned effort to achieve gender equalityand justice in family and community life. Empowerment of women "as humanresources, the potential that women have in terms of quantity and quality is not belowmen. But in reality it is still found that the status of women and the role of women insociety are still subordinate and not yet as equal partners with men ".Development Goals for Women's Empowerment Jurnal Empowerment Volume 8 Nomor 2, Februari 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 131 1. To improve the status, position and condition of women in order to achieve progressequal to men2. To build Indonesian children who are healthy, intelligent, cheerful, and devoted andprotected. RESEARCH METHODSThe approach used is a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Using thismethod is expected to be able to support a more comprehensive explanation of theprocess of managing the Community Reading Gardens (TBM) and further deepen theevidence regarding the journal management process carried out at the TBM that is thelocation of this study. The data source chosen was the manager, permanent TBMmembers and surrounding community members, totaling around 10 speakers. Theinstruments used are interview guides, observation guidelines and documentationstudies. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ResultsThe results of the study show that according to the prescriptions are as follows: First, the management of Community Reading Parks has shown good results, especiallywith facilities that have improved, even though they are not complete, but have shownimprovement compared to the conditions of the facilities at the start of theestablishment of TBMs. This is evidenced by the results of interviews with 10respondents, consisting of managers, TBM members and community members. Second, the use of TBM facilities using online media is one of the advantages insupporting the expansion of accessibility of information obtained by TBM members. Byutilizing various facilities, it is hoped that strengthening community capacity willdevelop far more. Third, women's accessibility to TBM facilities shows a significant difference. This afterthe online access process is implemented provides wider opportunities for TBMmembers to access various processes related to information sources and literaturerelated to the needs of the community itself. Fourth, by increasing the variety of opportunities related to the accessibility of thecommunity to the literary sources that exist in TBM, it has implications for the quality ofpeople's lives, especially in the field of information. According to interview respondents,it was stated that with greater accessibility, they felt that they better understood theactions that needed to be carried out related to environmental ecology. Discussion Jurnal Empowerment Volume 8 Nomor 2, Februari 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 132 Regarding the results described previously, then several discussions about the researchconducted are as follows: First, based on the results of the study, it was found that the management of CommunityReading Parks had shown good results, especially with facilities that had improved well,even though they were not complete, but had shown improvement compared to theconditions of the facilities at the beginning of the establishment of TBMs. This isevidenced by the results of interviews with 10 respondents, consisting of managers,TBM members and community members. Along with the increase in community readingcommunity members, this indicates an improvement in the quality of management thatdevelops much better, so that members feel quite satisfied with the services providedby TBM managers. This opinion is in line with the opinion of Mulyono (2018) that themanagement of community education units that are able to answer the challenges andneeds of members and the community, will have better implications in building anddelivering results for strengthening education capacity itself. Second, regarding the use of TBM facilities using online media is one of the advantagesin supporting the expansion of accessibility of information obtained by TBM members,based on the results of research showing that there is an increase in accessibility eventhough it is not very significant, but still provides a stable one of the supporters instrengthening the existing program. By utilizing various facilities, it is hoped thatstrengthening community capacity will develop far more. The increase in capacity canbe seen from the increasing community participation in the TBM program and theincreasing interest of the community to visit TBM facilities. This is indicated by theincreasing number of visits based on the percentage of the presence of TBM members.The use of online media can be one of the expansion programs for programs that exist inTBM itself. This is because members can access TBM facilities in the form of e-books orother digital collections, including the formation of community groups through digitalcommunication. This is what later became one of the strengths in the ecological literacyprogram carried out at TBM. So that the more synergistic various programs in TBM willprovide the greatest implications, namely the improvement of the quality of life of thecommunity, this is in line with the opinion of Kindevatter (1980: 67) that non-formaleducation can be one of the main processes in community empowerment. TBM does notprovide facilities that are always complete, but also can be a means of increasing addedvalue in the life of the community itself. Third, based on the results of the study, it was shown that women's accessibility to TBMfacilities showed a significant difference. This after the online access process isimplemented provides wider opportunities for TBM members to access variousprocesses related to information sources and literature related to the needs of thecommunity itself. With the expansion and accessibility by women, it is expected toincrease women's life capacity especially by understanding various contexts andconcepts related to ecology. So far, ecology has been considered as something complex Jurnal Empowerment Volume 8 Nomor 2, Februari 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 133 and complicated, whereas in reality it has become a manifestation of developing andimproving the quality of life better. Especially along with increasing women'sparticipation in good environmental care. This is in line with the opinion of L. Karwati,Ansori and Mulyono (2018) on the role of women who can become teachers of thefamily economy improvement if accompanied by better skills and capacity building inthe future. Fourth, based on the results of previous studies, it shows that the increase in variousopportunities related to people's accessibility to the literature sources in TBM hasimplications for the quality of life of the community, especially in the field ofinformation. According to respondents in interviews and observations made, it wassuggested that with higher accessibility, they felt that they better understood theactions that needed to be done in relation to environmental ecology. Women'sawareness of ecology is built with a simple system, including by providing anassessment of various environmental problems, then developing the ability to analyzeand provide solutions to problems that exist in the surrounding surroundings. So thatwomen can actively participate in empowerment activities carried out around them. CONCLUSIONWith various results obtained in this study, the conclusions of this study are as follows:1. Good management of TBM will also have good implications in increasing communityparticipation, especially in the field of ecological literacy.2. The use of online media helps expand the accessibility of TBM members in utilizingaccess to information and various other members' experiences in the field ofecology.3. The TBM facility provides access to the development of women's lives to support theecological literacy program held, including the use of online media that is easier andmore massive, making access far more flexible and providing opportunities forwomen to find out more about the problem.4. The quality of life of women included in information can be a broader capacity forlife, in this case the community, especially in terms of ecological literacy relating to ahealthier community life and ensuring the continuity of social life in a moreenvironmentally friendly future. 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