Jurnal Empowerment Volume 9 Nomor 1, Februari 2020 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 36 URBAN FARMING IN THE CONTEXT OF INCREASING COMMUNITY WELFARE AND PARTICIPATION THROUGH THE WOMEN’S FARMERS GROUP (KWT) OF SAUYUNAN GARDENS COMMUNITY (Study of the Role of Community Leaders in moving Women for Urban farming management in 3rd Hamlet (RW) of Sarijadi sub-District) Tita Rosita1, Agus Hasbi Noor2 1,2 IKIP Siliwangi 1titarosita@ikipsiliwangi.ac.id ABSTRACT This study examines the implementation of urban agriculture called urban farming. Urban agriculture is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food around the city carried out by women who are being parted healthy heart community. Urban agriculture also includes livestock, aquaculture, agroforestry, and horticulture. In the broadest sense, urban agriculture describes the entire system of food production that occurs in cities. RW 03 region of Sarijadi does not have large land to cultivate, because the existing field is used by residents to park four-wheeled vehicles. So that the facilities for sports used by residents are also very limited. Thus the method used to attract residents to participate in the urban farming program which was initiated by the head of RW 03 region of Sarijadi in collaboration with KJS Melati is managing the degraded land around the outskirts of the field to become gardens. The method used in this research is a descriptive method, namely the method that focuses on the problems that exist in the meantime. Based on the opinion above, the descriptive method is used to describe the condition of the implementation of increasing community participation in the urban farming program RW 03 Region of Sarijadi. The conclusion is most of the urban citizen is careless toward the degraded land or limited land around their neighborhoods because most of the citizen are busy with their job at home or at the workplace. Keywords: Urban farming, Participation, welfare INTRODUCTION National development is intended to improve Indonesian people, so that development is an effort to improve the quality of human and Indonesian community to carried out a sustainable manner, based on national capabilities by utilizing technological advances and paying attention to global challenges on development. In its implementation, it refers to the personality of the nation and universal noble values to realize a nation's Jurnal Empowerment Volume 9 Nomor 1, Februari 2020 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 37 life that is sovereign, independent, just, prosperous, advanced and strong in its ethical moral strength. Strengthening state sovereignty is not only done by using military or physical reinforcement, but also through social welfare approaches needed to build public awareness of existing living conditions. A good education process involves various components and lines of education, especially community education or non- formal and informal education (Mulyono, 2012). With a complete approach, encompassing an educational, economic, health and cultural approach will build a mutually reinforcing awareness among the community to improve the overall quality of life (Saepudin & Mulyono, 2019). Even the literacy approach can be used as an effort to build public awareness for the community in utilizing all its potential, both social potential, natural resources and cultural potential. A more comprehensive approach is expected to be the basis for developing the quality of life in society, including food security (Ansori, 2016). Interested in the issues, especially about the efforts of community leaders in motivating community members, especially women, to manage degraded land and limited land through urban farming activities in RW 03, Sarijadi, Sukasari, Bandung. For this reason, the author intends to deepen it through a scientific study under the title: "Urban farming in the context of increasing community welfare and participation through the Women’s Farmers Group (KWT) of Sauyunan Gardens”. The main actors involved, prioritized are household women, unemployed and other community members who have special potential in urban farming, so that it is expected to be one of the reinforcement in the process of building community skills, especially empowering women. This is because the involvement of women is one of the main foundations for strengthening community capacity, especially in urban areas where women are sometimes marginalized even though women also have the same capacity to be able to empower themselves and the surrounding community (Karwati, Ansori & Mulyono, 2018). The current condition of the urban citizen is tent to be careless on the degraded land and limited land around them, this condition happens due to their activity on the family and workplace. Based on the problems above, there is a need for efforts and concern from various parties, both the government and community members should initiate various ways in managing degraded land and limited land through urban farming. Minimal land use but used appropriately, will provide more optimal results, which is one of the bases in building ecoliteration awareness in the community (Ansori, Mulyono, Rahayu, 2019). Community leaders, both Chairman of hamlet (Rukun Warga) or urban village officers should make and innovation by inviting the community to manage limited land and degraded land through urban farming in order to improve the welfare and care of citizens toward their environment. Based on the introduction, several problems were identified; First, most of the urban citizen doesn’t pay attention toward their degraded and limited land around their area, secondly, there is still a lack of awareness from the Jurnal Empowerment Volume 9 Nomor 1, Februari 2020 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 38 community to urban farming management because there are still many people busy with various activities both in their family and in their workplace. Thirdly, the number of residents’ vehicles which are irregularly parked, and many citizens who carelessly dispose of the garbage around the field. Proper land use is also expected to provide opportunities for water reservation patterns in urban centers, in addition to providing opportunities in improving welfare through urban farming (Ansori, Mulyono, Rahayu, 2019). With a program that is designed systematically will provide reinforcement to increase community awareness in the process of social life in the community, especially the internalization of awareness in the community (Fitriana & Mulyono, 2019). Based on the problems above, there is a need for efforts and concern from various parties, both the government and community members should initiate various ways in managing degraded land and limited land through urban farming. Community leaders both Chairman of hamlet (Rukun Warga) or urban village officers should make and innovation by inviting the community to manage limited land and degraded land through urban farming in order to improve the welfare and care of citizens toward their environment. THEORETICAL REVIEW Concept and Theories of Participation The basic notion of community development is to improve the economic, social, and cultural condition of the community, integrating the life of the communities and the life of the nation. One of the efforts is by increasing the citizen’s participation in all sectors of development. But the innovation and participation of the community will not automatically happen, it must be initiated by other parties. The other parties are taking the initiative to encourage the community to participate in the various ongoing development and future development. Therefore, participation takes an important role in the process of community development. The understanding of participation according to Mubyarto, as quoted by Taliziduhu Ndraha (1990: 102), is the willingness to help in achieving the goals of every program in accordance with the capabilities of every individual without means of sacrificing self-interest. Furthermore, Santoso Sastroputro (1998: 40) argues that participation is a spontaneous involvement which is realized due to the awareness and responsibility to reach a common interest. From the two definitions of participation, the writer can give an idea that development will run with participation. Participation that occurs is an awareness of the community members themselves to carry out development together for the common interest. In line with the two thoughts above, Ardiwinata & Muyono (2018) suggest that community participation means that the community participates, namely following and accompanying government programs. The notion above views that development is always initiated by the government and the community is required to be involved for the success of development for the benefit of the people. Jurnal Empowerment Volume 9 Nomor 1, Februari 2020 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 39 Definition of Urban farming Urban farming is a concept of agriculture or plantation that is done by using limited land. Urban farming is also called urban agriculture, according to experts understanding urban farming or urban agriculture as an activity of cultivating plants or raising livestock in and around large cities (metropolitan) or small cities to obtain food or other necessities and financial additions, including processing yields, marketing and distribution of products from these activities (Bareja, 2010 "Urban Farming"). Urban farming is currently a program run by the local government by supplying materials for the activities of each existing farms and providing infrastructure to the community, such as providing planting media, grain, seeds, and fertilizers. The planted plants are vegetables such as lettuce, kale, tomatoes, cayenne pepper, onions. Plant installation is placed in every hamlet in Bandung and it is expected to be consumed by the people, also give ecological, economic, and aesthetic value (Wasliah, voaindonesia.com, 2015). Government-supported vertical garden implementation Source: www.voaindonesia.com (1/22/2015) the development of Urban farming is as a response to various problems that confront urban life such as the reduction of agricultural land due to construction. Cultivation of vegetable that is applied in the urban area arises from people with abilities and knowledge in agriculture in order to increase the use of limited and degraded land by utilizing other resources around it. The study of the application of urban farming is done by planting plants in areas that are intentionally opened for agricultural activities. If agriculture was developed based on the specific conditions in order to be well implemented. As a positive and beneficial social movement, where information can be gathered through communication from various people with various background of interests that bring benefit the urban life. Definition of Coaching In the management of non-formal education, coaching is the fourth steps of the management functions, namely planning, organizing, mobilizing and fostering. Coaching is interpreted as follows: "A series of professional efforts to control all elements in the organization in order to run a proper function in all elements, so the goal can be achieved effectively and efficiently" (Djudju Sudjana, 1999: 157). From the statement above, it can be concluded that coaching is essentially an effort to utilize all sources, whether involving human or non-human elements, or when connected with an organization or group, is the utilization of organizational elements, whether it concerns regulations, policies, administrations, the nature and implementation, materials and tools as well as costs and several other elements, which in the end all of these elements can develop according to the objectives. Jurnal Empowerment Volume 9 Nomor 1, Februari 2020 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 40 The concept of skills The term skill is hardly undefinable for the very rigid concept. Skills can refer to the specific actions that are displayed or to the nature of the owned ability. Many activities are considered as a skill or consist of several skills and the degree of understanding achieved by someone describing the level of skill. This skill can be defined in two ways. First, by considering it as a noun, which refers to a particular activity that relates to a set of motions that must be met by the conditions. Second, by considering it as an adjective. It is defined as what people have done so far in relation to the term new skills that regarded to the expanding definition based on the latest context. According to Schmidt (1991) in Agus Mahendra and Among Ma'mun (1998: 131) "skill is the ability to make final results with maximum certainty but minimum energy and time ". Whereas according to Singer (1980) in Agus Mahendra and Among Ma'mun (2008: 14 2) “skills are a degree of success that is consistently achieving a goal with efficient and effective action. In this case, the skills used are functional skills. The education of Functional skills as a sub-system of education has their own objective, the study of functional skills is one of the educational phenomena which is always be discussed by the experts of education. The theory of personal education is primarily a progressive stream that emphasizes the principle of learning by doing. b. Operationally; emphasizing that functional skills education is a skill can potentially use by citizens as a provision to learn by doing, trying, and providing income for their daily lives. Functional skills education can be done through the implementation of programs by making adjustments to (1) environment based curriculum, that flexible the work and society changing (2) Content and structure of functional education programs (education for all according to the needs of society and the workplace). c. Empirically; one of its missions is to develop a culture of achievement and productive attitude. On the other hand, it has to be applicable, the implementation of functional education is part of an integrated education system, but still weak in management, teaching and learning processes and evaluation process, as has been the case in several Islamic boarding schools and socio-economic institutions. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Methodology Research conducted using a qualitative approach with descriptive study methods, qualitative research is a method that focuses on the problems that exist at the present time. This is in accordance with the opinion of Winarno Surakhmad (1982: 140) who argues that the descriptive method has characteristics as follows: 1. Focus on solving problems that exist today, on actual problems. 2. Data collected is initially compiled, explained, then analyzed (because this method is often called an analytical method). Based on the opinion, the authors used a descriptive method to describe the current situation of increasing community participation in urban farming programs in 3rd hamlet (RW), Sarijadi Subdistrict, Sukasari, Bandung. Jurnal Empowerment Volume 9 Nomor 1, Februari 2020 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 41 Research Subjects This research was conducted in 3rd (RW), Sarijadi Sub-District, Sukasari District, Bandung. The research subjects were female members of a healthy heart community who actively participated in managing limited and degraded land by planting various kinds of vegetables and medicinal plants, as well as processing their crops with various types of food and medicines. Data Collection Techniques Data collection techniques used in this study are: 1. Interview This technique requires direct communication between researchers and research subjects. Kartini Kartono (1990: 187) argues that "interview is a conversation, oral question, and answer between two or more people who sit face to face and directed to a particular problem". This interview is used to collect the required data that can support the problems of research, especially to obtain direct observation data. In this study, the interview was conducted to residents and the sub-district officers of 3rd hamlet (RW) Sarijadi sub- district, Sukasari District, Bandung City. This interview was conducted to obtain information about the factors that encourage and hinder the efforts of sub-district officials in motivating the community to implement the urban farming program. 2. Observation Observation is "a deliberate and systematic study of social phenomena and natural phenomena by observing and recording" (Kartini Kartono, 1990: 157). The reason for observing is to take a closer look at the phenomenon found in the research location. Observation also defines as a process of conducting a direct review of the object of research which in this case consists of an overview of the location of the study area, as well as the activities of the extension process. The purpose of using the observation technique in this study is to conduct a direct observation of the environmental health conditions at the neighborhood of 3rd hamlet (RW) Sarijadi Sub-district, Sukasari District, Bandung. Jurnal Empowerment Volume 9 Nomor 1, Februari 2020 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 42 3. The questionnaire Which is used to collect data through a series of written questions that are compiled and disseminated to obtain information from respondents regarding the problem. Nasution (2003 : 178) says: "Questionnaires are a list of written questions that are used to obtain certain information from respondents who are sometimes scattered about their residence. In the preparation of this questionnaire, it can be closed, open and can also be a combination of both. 4. Literature Study A literature study is "a technique for obtaining theoretical data in order to obtain the opinions of experts and their theories through reading sources" (Bohar Soeharto, 1987: 244). The library study technique in this study was carried out by studying/reading various literary sources that had to do with the objective and problems. This technique is expected to obtain concepts and theories that are related and can be used as the rationale in this writing so that the relationship between theory and research objectives is obtained. 5. Documentation Study The documentation study in this study was chosen as a tool to obtain the written data needed to complete the research, namely by reading, analyzing, studying and comprehending documents relating to the problem such as a general description of the area, population composition, level education and so on. Data Selection In this stage the writers' tent to investigate the data that shown in the questioners, so the writer can determent whether the data is ready to be analyzed or not Data Classification At this stage data is classified based on the number of units that can be calculated with numbers so that it can be measured or classified, this process is done in order to make the data getting easy to be processed and then getting easy to draw conclusions and to gain responses. This data is classified based on the aspects/variables of the research. Jurnal Empowerment Volume 9 Nomor 1, Februari 2020 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 43 RESULT Developed Business Unit Food Processing The urban farming management carried out in 3rd hamlet of Sarijadi sub-district is used to utilizes the limited and degraded land conducted by most female members of the healthy heart community in this area. Driven by a strong desire and an innovative movement from one of the housewives who also the alumni of STKIP SILIWANGI in 2002, she concerns the existence of a dry and dirty environment. 3rd hamlet (RW) consists of 10 neighborhoods (RTs), while 20 people actively participate in urban farming management activities. Of the 20 people, almost 90 percent were pure housewives. And 10 percent work as private employees and civil servants. Housewives who are active in managing urban farming, automatically become members of the Sauyunan garden farmer group. What they usually do after returning home is taking a part in gymnastics activities, now they have other activities, namely managing the garden enthusiastically. As a result, the management of urban farming, they can consume the product of urban farming, and they also can sell it. In addition, they not only sell vegetables but they are processed into various processed foods. Through training and guidance, the housewives were more eager to process food because it can give a satisfying income. the income of selling the vegetable was ranging from 800,000 IDR. to IDR 1,200,000, but by processing the vegetables into processed food, the income increase in range of 2,000,000, IDR up to 3,500,000, IDR in one harvest moon, it is not included the income from weekly harvest and income from selling processed food made from vegetables that not less than 500,000 IDR. Other advantages gained by the housewives is the ability in processing food, as well as other activities in managing organic waste derived from vegetable skin such as; carrot, potato, onion, chili, cucumber, etc. the housewives are also trained to make liquid fertilizer called MOL (Local Micro Organic), which is liquid fertilizer derived from fermented organic waste and it is regarded as superior fertilizer for plants, as quoted by Taliziduhu Ndraha (1990: 102), is willingness to help the success of each program is in accordance with the capabilities of each person without means of sacrificing self-interest. Furthermore, Santoso Sastroputro (198: 40) argues that participation is a spontaneous involvement which is realized awareness and responsibility for the interests of the group to achieve a common goal. The location of the activity was originally centered around the 3rd hamlet (RW) field, and it is currently developed and implemented in all neighborhoods (RTs), each neighborhood (RTs) make hydroponic plants. 1. Community Engagement The people who are able to be empowered in this business are 20 people consisting of : Jurnal Empowerment Volume 9 Nomor 1, Februari 2020 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 44 Seed Seeding 4 people Plumbers 4 people Marketing 5 people Processing Food 7 people Total 20 people 2. Partnership The partnership mechanism is carried out with healthy canteen in every school, as well as with community clinic (Posyandu) administrators in providing additional food in the form of vegetables which are packaged in such a way that raises children’s interest. 3. Green School: is a school-based gardening program that is close to the neighborhood 3rd hamlet (RW), the purpose of this program is to give school-based garden management that uses the dried and arid yard of the school and transformed it green schools. While the organic waste that was usually burned now was collected and pass through decomposing and use to fertilize the flowers or vegetables. While inorganic was used as saving because in every school that implant this program has Waste Bank. There are 7 schools fostered in this program: Table 1. Schools fostered in this program No. School name Address 1 SDN Sarijadi 5 RT 02 RW 03 2 SDPN Setia Budhi RT 03 RW 04 3 SDN Sarijadi 7 RT 01 RW 05 4 SMP PGRI 5 RT 01 RW 03 5 Pasundan Middle School 12 RT 03 RW 04 6 Nurulhuda PAUD RT 01 RW 03 7 TK Puspa Mekar RT 03 RW 04 The development of empowerment through fostering environmental awareness will be one of the starting points in developing a more positive environment in the development of community education, so that it will provide support to the process of community empowerment (Fitriana dan Mulyono, 2019). The urban farming program provides a more comprehensive reinforcement of the program to improve the quality of life of the surrounding communities, especially the implications in the economic field so that more women are empowered around the site. Because income is more consistent Jurnal Empowerment Volume 9 Nomor 1, Februari 2020 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 45 and helps with family finances. the role of community leaders and youths is one of the main reinforcement in developing the capacity of women around urban farming locations. This is because the role of community leaders does not only move in the capacity of figures, but also in their role as managers in the community and their role will provide corridors for sustainable program implementation (Mulyono, 2018). CONCLUSION Based on the results of the discussion, the conclusions can be drawn as follows: 1. With coaching carried out by community leaders, both Sub-district officers, the hamlets (RW), and Farming Officers, it gives significant contribution in managing Urban Farming carried out by the housewives. 2. Based on the results of coaching and training followed by the housewives, the harvest from the garden is not only being sold but also can be produced into foods that are full of nutrients. 3. With the success of managing urban farming, the Sauyunan women’s Farmers community is formed, and they commonly being involved in various contests Performed in the city level. 4. The Sauyunan Women's Farmer Group has collaborated with the Schools’ canteen that is located at around Sarijadi. BIBLIOGRAPHY Ansori, A. (2016). Model Pengembangan Kewirausahaan Santri Melalui Pondok Pesantren Berbasis Budaya Agribisnis Tanaman Palawija. Didaktik, 8(1), 06-10. Ansori, A., Mulyono, D., & Rahayu, G. D. S. (2019). CEC (CENTER ECOLITERACY OF CIBEBER) PUSAT KEGIATAN REDUCE, REUSE, DAN RECYCLE DALAM UPAYA MEWUJUDKAN KAWASAN CISEUPAN KELURAHAN CIBEBER SEBAGAI KAWASAN BESTARI (BERSIH, SEHAT, TERTIB, DAN LESTARI). Abdimas Siliwangi: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 2(2), 90-102. Ardiwinata, J. 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