EMPOWERMENT; Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Pendidikan Luar SekolahVolume 9, Nomor 2 September 2020,p-ISSN No. 2252-4738 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 262 MANAGEMENT OF PARENTING ACTIVITIES IN PAUD IN MOTIVATING TO BE A WISE PARENT IN THE DIGITAL ERA Udin Nasrudin1, Nandang Rukanda2 1,2 Program Pascasarjana Pendidikan Masyarakat – IKIP Siliwangi - Jawa Barat - Indonesia 1udinnasrudin0@gmail.com Received: Agustus, 2020; Accepted: September, 2020 Abstract This research's background is the improvement of the quality of the younger generation, especially foster children who live in orphanages, to have an entrepreneurial spirit as a provision for their life so that they can live independently. To live independently, they must be equipped with knowledge and skills as essential capital for entrepreneurship because, so far, most of them are life-oriented to work or become employees. Therefore it is necessary to change their mindset to become successful entrepreneurs. The research objective is to find out how the managers of the Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung Orphanage's efforts in building the entrepreneurial spirit of foster children through life skills training programs. Researchers used interview techniques with qualitative descriptive methods to obtain information from sources. The sample in this study was an orphanage manager, one tutor, and two foster children. The results of research at the Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung Orphanage are the efforts of the managers of the Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung Orphanage in building the entrepreneurial spirit of foster children through life skills training programs that have gone well seen from the achievement of improving the quality of alumni who are entrepreneurial. The foster children's entrepreneurial ability grows through the manager's efforts to provide life skill training programs at the Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung Orphanage. The orphanage manager's efforts are very decisive in increasing the ability of foster children to have an entrepreneurial spirit. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Life Skills Training, Orphanage Abstrak Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah peningkatan kualitas generasi muda, khususnya anak asuh yang tinggal di panti asuhan, untuk memiliki jiwa kewirausahaan sebagai bekal hidup mereka sehingga mereka dapat hidup mandiri. Untuk hidup mandiri mereka harus dibekali dengan pengetahuan dan keterampilan sebagai modal dasar untuk kewirausahaan, karena sejauh ini sebagian besar dari mereka berorientasi pada kehidupan untuk bekerja atau menjadi karyawan, oleh karena itu perlu untuk mengubah pola pikir mereka untuk menjadi pengusaha sukses. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana upaya para pengurus Panti Asuhan Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung dalam membangun jiwa kewirausahaan anak asuh melalui program pelatihan keterampilan hidup. Para peneliti menggunakan teknik wawancara dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk mendapatkan informasi dari sumber. Contoh dalam penelitian ini adalah seorang manajer panti asuhan, satu tutor dan dua anak asuh. Hasil penelitian di Panti Asuhan Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung merupakan upaya para pengurus Panti Asuhan Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung dalam membangun jiwa kewirausahaan anak asuh melalui program pelatihan keterampilan hidup yang telah berjalan dengan baik terlihat dari pencapaian peningkatan kualitas alumni yang berwirausaha. Kemampuan kewirausahaan anak asuh tumbuh melalui upaya pengelola untuk memberikan program pelatihan life skill di Panti Asuhan Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung. Upaya pengelola panti asuhan sangat menentukan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan anak asuh untuk memiliki jiwa kewirausahaan. Kata kunci: Kewirausahaan, Pelatihan kecakapan hidup, Anak Yatim Nasrudin & Rukanda. Efforts to Build Entrepreneurship Characters through The Life Skills TrainingProgram 263 How to Cite: Nasrudin, U. & Rukanda, N. (2020). Efforts to Build Entrepreneurship Characters through The Life Skills Training Program. EMPOWERMENT: Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Pendidikan Luar Sekolah, 9 (2), 262-269. INTRODUCTION An entrepreneur is someone independent, a person who has a company as a source of income. In other words, he does not depend on others. To establish his company, he collected sources or factors of production and organized the company. Because actions affect first on himself, the second impact on others, the impact for him is that he can live independently in fulfilling his life's needs while the impact on others is to create jobs for the community, which means creating jobs for other workers and income, working on new raw material sources so that they become beneficial to society, creating technology to add to the accumulation for existing technology in society, encourage investment in other fields, broaden the tax base for the government and enhance the image of a nation, thus encouraging overall economic growth and social welfare. An entrepreneur plays a role both internally and externally. Internally, an entrepreneur plays a role in reducing the level of dependence on other people, increasing self-confidence, and increasing the perpetrator's purchasing power. Externally an entrepreneur plays a role in employing job seekers. With the absorption of labor by an entrepreneur's employment opportunities, the national unemployment rate is reduced. The decline in the unemployment rate has an impact on the increase in per capita income and purchasing power of the people and the growth of the national economy. Besides, it also impacts reducing the crime rate, which is usually caused by high unemployment. An entrepreneur has a huge role in doing entrepreneurship. The role of entrepreneurs in a country's economy is to create jobs, reduce unemployment, increase people's income, combine production factors (nature, labor, capital, and expertise), increase national productivity, promote economic growth, reduce economic and social inequality, encourage creating a just and prosperous society, driving economic activities, encouraging new product innovation, and encouraging the productivity of human resources. Indonesia is slowly starting to improve itself from various sectors of life. The emergence of Indonesian entrepreneurs could be the starting point for Indonesia's economic movement in a better direction. The mindset of society about entrepreneurship gradually begins to grow. Job opportunities that arise will certainly absorb labor. Indonesia is a country with a high population. Entrepreneurship in the labor-intensive sector is needed in Indonesia so that people's welfare can increase and reduce the unemployment rate and increase the level of growth and economic welfare in Indonesia. The development of science and technology has had a significant impact on our lives so that if we do not keep up with these changes, we will be out of date. Competition in life is getting tighter, the number of school graduates at the high school and tertiary level increases every year, while employment is limited. So that we are required to prepare mentally and qualified human resources so that we can compete with others. As an alternative to addressing inequality between employers and job seekers, efforts are needed to build our young generation's entrepreneurial character. So that their mindset is not aspiring to become employees, but they think of owning their own business. Everyone has the potential to develop themselves to become an entrepreneur, Ust. Yusuf Mansur, in his book entitled all entrepreneurs can say that: Nasrudin & Rukanda. Efforts to Build Entrepreneurship Characters through The Life Skills TrainingProgram 264 "So entrepreneurs are not as difficult as we think it is effortless for those who believe this is easy. Furthermore, the easier it is for those who believe that Allah makes it easy. Those who have faith can become entrepreneurs, so a Muslim, since he believes and moves not to become an entrepreneur, has become worship. "(Yusuf Mansur, 2012) Foster children who are nurtured in their orphanages have the potential to develop. This potential must be guided and nurtured as provisions for their life after leaving the orphanage. To build this entrepreneurial character, efforts are needed, including through life skills training. With life skill training, it is hoped that it can equip foster children to have an entrepreneurial spirit. Building an entrepreneurial spirit is very important for foster children who live at the Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung Orphanage as a provision for their life after leaving the orphanage to live independently through life skills training programs. This training program aims to equip foster children with skills so that when they leave the orphanage, they can fulfill their own needs and create their jobs. One of the efforts to build entrepreneurship is through a life skill training program. This program is expected to equip foster children so that they have an entrepreneurial spirit. In connection with the lack of interest in becoming entrepreneurs and the number of foster children who are only oriented to looking for work, it is deemed necessary to build foster children's entrepreneurial character. Based on the preceding, the authors are interested in researching efforts to build foster children's entrepreneurial character through a life skill training program at the Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung Orphanage. LITERATURE REVIEW Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship, or in other words, self-employment, is the activity of a person's livelihood through one's efforts. In general, the notion of entrepreneurship is a process of doing or creating something new creatively and innovatively that provides benefits for others and has added value. There is also an explanation that the definition of entrepreneurship is a mental attitude of someone who has creativity, is active, creates the power to create something unique and new, and can be useful for many people. Entrepreneurship has a dynamic process to create something with grace, capital, resources, and risk. According to the Indonesian Dictionary, Wira means; warrior, brave, and virtuous. While the word effort means; work, do charity, do something. So in the language of entrepreneurship is the courage to do something to develop, identify, and realize desires in life. According to Kaswan, in his book social entrepreneurship, he explains that entrepreneurship is starting and managing a business with great initiative and risk to gain profit (Kaswan, 2017: 11). in this definition, there are elements, namely courage to start, management, initiative, and profit. An entrepreneur must have the courage to start a business, manage his business well, and take the initiative to benefit. Because the purpose of business is to get profit. Successful entrepreneurial characters, according to Zimmer in (Buchori Alma 2019: 110), namely: 1. Have a high commitment to their duties 2. Willing to be responsible 3. Entrepreneurial interest 4. The opportunity to achieve an obsession 5. Tolerance for risk 6. Believe in himself Nasrudin & Rukanda. Efforts to Build Entrepreneurship Characters through The Life Skills TrainingProgram 265 7. Creative and flexible 8. Want to get immediate feedback 9. High energetic 10. Motivation to excel 11. Orient to the future 12. Willing to learn from failure 13. The ability to lead Obstacles to becoming an entrepreneur Problems that are often why many people hesitate to become entrepreneurs according to (Wulan Ayodya 2016) are: 1. Cannot sell 2. Not enough capital 3. Do not know how to start 4. Still busy at work 5. Want to venture from home 6. Fear of risks The path to successful entrepreneurship The path to successful entrepreneurs, according to (Buchori Alma: 2019) is: 1. Willing to work hard 2. Cooperate with others 3. Good appearance 4. Sure 5. Good at making decisions 6. Want to add knowledge 7. Ambition to move forward 8. Good communication Life Skill Training Life skills are the ability and knowledge of a person to dare to face life and life problems proactively to seek and find solutions so that they are finally able to overcome them with the ability to interact and adapt to others, decision-making skills, problem-solving, critical thinking, creative thinking, effective communication, fostering interpersonal relationships, self-awareness, empathy, coping with emotions and coping with stress. According to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System, life skills education is education that provides personal skills, social skills, intellectual skills, and vocational skills for work or independent business. The purpose of life skills education is to provide meaningful learning experiences for students following what is needed in everyday life, such as social processes, social functions, and life problems. The Broad-Based Education Team (Depdiknas, 2002) divides life skills education goals into general goals and specific goals, namely: a. General-purpose 1. Actualize the potential of students so that they can be used to solve the problems at hand. 2. Provide opportunities for schools to develop flexible learning according to broad-based education (Broad-Based Education). 3. Optimizing the use of existing resources in the community, by the principles of school-based management. Nasrudin & Rukanda. Efforts to Build Entrepreneurship Characters through The Life Skills TrainingProgram 266 b. Special purpose 1. Empower students' inner quality assets, attitudes, and outer actions through introduction, appreciation, and experience—the values of everyday life so that they can be used to maintain their survival and development. 2. Provide broad insight into career development, starting from self-development, career exploration, career orientation, and career preparation. 3. Providing necessary provisions and exercises that are carried out correctly regarding the values of everyday life that can enable students to function to face a future life full of competition and collaboration at the same time. 4. Optimizing school resources through a school-based management approach, stakeholder participation, and flexibility in managing school resources. 5. Facilitate students in solving daily life problems. Foster child The definition of foster children according to Law no. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, that foster children are children who are cared for by a person or institution, to be given guidance, care, care, education, and health, because the parents of the foster child or one of the parents are unable to guarantee the child's growth and development properly. Foster children referred to in this study are cared for and fostered and met all the necessities of their life, including clothing, food, shelter, and education, and they live in the boarding of the Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung Orphanage. METHOD This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. According to (Sugiyono 2014), the research method is based on post-positivist philosophy, which is used to research natural objects, not experiments where the researcher is the key instrument. The research was conducted at the Muhammadiyah Sumur Orphanage Bandung. For research data, researchers took samples from one orphanage manager, one tutor, and two foster children, data collection techniques through interviews. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results The following are the results of interviews with researchers with the Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung Orphanage managers regarding efforts to build the entrepreneurial character of foster children through life skills training programs. "The establishment of this Orphanage originated from the concern of my friends and the neglected orphans and poor people. They live wild on the streets and do not go to school, so it appears in my mind to accommodate them and send them to school as a form of care and good deeds. Remember the first of Allah SWT in the Al Maun letter that we are considered to deny religion if we do not care about orphans and poor people. Then my friends and I founded this orphanage". Furthermore, the manager explained that at the beginning of managing the perceived obstacles, it was still tricky in getting orphanage facilities such as unfit beds and clothing and other needs that were following the needs of foster children. For that, we, from the management at that time, carried out a strategy of picking up the ball and continued to invite the community to be willing to participate in helping them so they could live properly as children cared for by their parents. Furthermore, the manager explained the results of the strategy. "The results obtained Nasrudin & Rukanda. Efforts to Build Entrepreneurship Characters through The Life Skills TrainingProgram 267 from this strategy are that the community has started to come to the Orphanage to assist in the form of necessities, clothes suitable for use and money for school needs. The orphanage manager also explained that another problem is that the child does not always live in the Orphanage as an adult, so the child must leave the dormitory. Of course, they must have sufficient skills to live independently, so a training program for life skills in sewing, catering, and mechanics is created. Furthermore, the manager explained about the efforts to build the entrepreneurial character of foster children, namely: 1. Inculcate discipline Honest and responsible 2. Creating a life skill training program 3. Train foster children to sell 4. Apprenticeship is placed in a specific business The Orphanage's innovative program is to equip foster children to become an independent generation, namely an apprenticeship program in certain business places, for example, in the Nadira scrub house, Malabar car repair shop, haircut, they learn directly from the place of business for three months. Besides, the manager also explained the responses or responses from the internship regarding the apprenticeship program, they supported and responded well, as a form of cooperation and their concern for foster children. The Orphanage's innovative program is to equip foster children to become an independent generation, namely an apprenticeship program in certain business places, for example, in the Nadira scrub house, Malabar car repair shop, haircut, they learn directly from the place of business for three months. Besides, the manager also explained the responses or responses from the internship regarding the apprenticeship program, they supported and responded well, as a form of cooperation and their concern for foster children. The next question regarding what training programs are given to foster children, including training, sewing, cooking, and car mechanics, to get started with skills, the goal is to provide knowledge and skills as a provision for their life after leaving the Orphanage. After they have the minimum skills, they can work optimally to develop their efforts with the skills they have. Finally, the orphanage manager explained the impact of life skill training on foster children's entrepreneurial spirit that life skill training has a positive impact on the entrepreneurial spirit of foster children because they can develop their skills by having their own business as their livelihood after leaving the Orphanage. The results of interviews with a tutor who teaches sewing training that foster children are trained to sew to make a bodybag product, namely a bag for shopping at the mall, because the government programs them to bring their shopping bag so this body bag is made. Five female foster children attended this training. They attend training every Sunday from 10.00 to 12.00.am. Furthermore, the researcher will present the interview results in the field to the sample of foster children, but the researcher will convey a conclusion from the sample of foster children. The following are the conclusions of the interview results. The researcher asked questions about the training facilities that the foster children participated in while living in their Orphanage, saying that the training that was followed was sewing training so that it was through sewing that she could work and eventually develop her own business by making bodybags. Another foster child said that the following training was culinary, namely making bread and cakes, but the business he was doing was developing a water refill and laundry business. Furthermore, the implementation of the life skill training program implementation is by the needs of foster children to build the entrepreneurial character of foster children. For the foster children's response regarding the implementation of the life skills training program, he said that "we are Nasrudin & Rukanda. Efforts to Build Entrepreneurship Characters through The Life Skills TrainingProgram 268 very grateful to the orphanage because the manager cares about facilitating and equipping us with knowledge and skills so that I can live independently and have my own business." The next question regarding the respondents' life skills training benefits said that the benefits obtained were enormous. We could provide knowledge and skills to live independently by fulfilling our own needs and managing our businesses. Discussion From the explanation above, the efforts to build the entrepreneurial character of foster children through the life skill training program have gone well and positively impact arousing entrepreneurial enthusiasm for foster children at the Orphanage. Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung Orphanage makes programs that have been implemented by the roles and objectives of the Orphanage in general. The purpose of establishing the Orphanage is to facilitate orphans and neglected dhuafa to live appropriately like children in general to get education and skills. The existence of a life skill training program at the Orphanage can improve the ability of foster children to develop entrepreneurial potential and entrepreneurial skills to create creative and innovative young people who are not only oriented to work, but they have the mindset to become entrepreneurs and realize the independence and quality of foster children Who have the skills and entrepreneurial spirit besides that, the programs provided for foster children help foster children in developing their potential, gaining knowledge and skills about entrepreneurship. The training program proves that the management's efforts in building foster children's entrepreneurial character can positively impact the formation of an entrepreneurial spirit and foster children's independence. For the sewing and culinary life skills training program (training to make bread and cakes), one of the benchmarks for building entrepreneurial character, children learn to sell and do an apprenticeship in certain business places. This program aims to increase the knowledge and skills of foster children and develop a network of cooperation with entrepreneurs even though they are at the UMKM level. The concept of the life skill training program being held is beautiful to foster children, so they are enthusiastic about participating in the training program. The manager's concern for the foster children's fate is so great that they try to build the entrepreneurial character of the foster children by creating a life skill training program with the aim that later they can live independently. The sewing and culinary life skills training program's success to build the entrepreneurial character of foster children is as follows : 1. The growing interest in foster children's businesses by making bodybag production businesses managed by foster children's alumni. 2. Foster children are trained to get used to selling products, namely the Cake & Bakery business, which is managed by the Orphanage There is a business managed by the alumni of foster children, namely laundry and drinking water refill. CONCLUSION From the above research, the conclusion regarding the efforts to build the entrepreneurial character of foster children through the life skill training program at the Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung Orphanage has gone well, seen from the achievement of improving the quality of entrepreneurial foster children alumni. Foster children's entrepreneurial skills result from the management's efforts to provide life skills training programs at the orphanage. They have succeeded in managing their businesses, such as a bodybag production business and a laundry and drinking water refill business. Foster children have started to enjoy the results of their Nasrudin & Rukanda. Efforts to Build Entrepreneurship Characters through The Life Skills TrainingProgram 269 participation in the life skills training program held at the Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung Orphanage. REFERENCES Ahyadi Sadikin Ade, Kaswan (2017) Social Entrepreneurship, Bandung Alfabeta Cv. Ahyadi Sadikin Ade, Kaswan (2015) Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia, Bandung Alfa Beta CV. Ahyadi Sadikin ade Kaswan (2018) Manajemen Program Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia, Bandung UPI Presss Alma Buchari, (2019) Kewirausahaann untuk mahasiswa dan umum, Bandung Alfabeta. Ayodya Wulan, (2016). 14 Hari langsung mulai jadi pengusaha, Jakarta Gramedia PT. Mansur Yusuf, (2012) Semua Bisa Jadi Pengusaha, Jakarta Zikrul Hakim. Sugiyono. (2014). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitataif dan R&D Bandung Alfa Beta Cv. Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitataif dan R&D Bandung Alfa Beta Cv. Zuhri Saefudin Nase (2016) Kewirausahaan kajian perspektif umum dan islam, Bandung Plater Media Kreasi. www.https://jdih.kemenpppa.go.id/peraturan/permensos. Standart-pengasuhan.pdf di unduh pada hari Rabu 3 Maret 2020 jam 20.00 https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/cp/article/view/8753/pdf diunduh pada hari Rabu 3 Maret 2020 jam 20.00 www.http://e-journal.stkipsiliwangi.ac.id/index.php/p2m/article/view/185/160 di unduh pada hari Rabu 3 Maret 2020 jam 20.00