Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 47 STUDENTS INTEREST ON ENTREPREUNEUR MOVEMENTS (analytic descriptive study on students of STKIP Siliwangi Bandung) 1Melpa Butarbutar, 2Kamaludin1,2 IKIP SILIWANGI1melpawd13@yahoo.com.id ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research are to: 1) Describe and analyze student'sresponse to entrepreneurship learning conducted by STKIP SiliwangiBandung, 2) Describe and analyze student interest of STKIP Siliwangi Bandungabout entrepreneurship movement, 3) Describe and analyze the effectivenessof entrepreneurship learning conducted by STKIP Siliwangi Bandung and howmuch that can be perceived benefits by it students, and 4) Analyze therelationship between entrepreneurship learning with student interest of beingan entrepreuneur in STKIP Siliwangi Bandung. Method used in this research isanalytic descriptive study with data collection techniques usingentrepreuneurial questionnaire. The population in this study was the STKIPstudents from the PendidikanLuarSekolah Education program who havereceived the Entrepreneurship course study. Samples were taken as many as20 people by proportional random sampling. The results of the research are:1) The learning process of entrepreneurship carried out by STKIP SiliwangiBandung get good response from the students. 2) Most students showaffection in entrepreneurship although they cannot be regarded as interest ofbecoming an entrepreneur because it can be influenced by other external andinternal factors. 3) Effectiveness of entrepreneurial learning can be perceivedby students because there has been a change of students mindset that afterschool graduation they should not always be a job seeker but also had a chanceto become an entrepreneur. 4) There is a very low relation betweenentrepreneurship learning and entrepreneurship interest. Keywords : entrepreuneur movements, students entrepreuneur interest A. PRELIMINARYThe rapid increase of population in Indonesia is causing various social problems, suchas unemployment, poverty, and environmental damage. Such conditions will certainlydisrupt national development and stability. There are 5 (five) basic needs that humanbeings must have to live a reasonable life, that is: (1). Food; (2). Clothing; (3). Shelter;(4). Education and (5). Recreation / entertainment. In fulfilling the necessities of lifeevery adult individual must work to have a source of income. This causes theunemployment rate to increase because the number of workers is much more than theavailable employment. The conditions faced will be further aggravated by the globalcompetition situation, such as, the implementation of the MEA (ASEAN EconomicCommunity) which will confront the graduates of Indonesian universities to competefreely with graduates from foreign universities. Therefore, university graduate scholarsneed to be directed and supported to be not only oriented as a job seeker but also able Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 48 and ready to become a job creator. It need real solutions that can help overcome theseproblems for example by increasing entrepreneurial spirit among students.Entrepreneurship is the spirit, attitude, behavior, and ability of a person in handlingbusiness or an activity that leads to searching, creating, applying new ways of working,technology and products by improving efficiency in order to provide better service andgain greater benefits (Presidential Instruction No. 4 of 1995, GN-MMK).The International Organization (ILO) report notes that the number of unemployed inIndonesia over the years of 2009 reached 9.6 million people (7.6%), and 10% of themare undergraduate. Data from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics supports theILO's statement showing that most of the unemployed in Indonesia are those withDiploma / Academy / Higher Education Graduates, and only 10% are interested inentrepreneurship. In other words, college graduates have not been able to createindependence. (Syaifullah&Chavchay, 2009), states that qualitatively young generationhave pure, innovative, and creative ideals. This is a strategic element that youth is agreat energy in the change of a nation. This means that youth must begin to change theirmindset to no longer just seek safety zones by becoming office workers as staff or ascivil servants. Youth must have the skills to be able to deal with the increasinglywidespread competition. (Zimmerer, 2002) states, that one of the factors driving thegrowth of entrepreneurship in a country lies in the role of universities through theimplementation of entrepreneurship education. The university is responsible ineducating and giving entrepreneurship ability to the students so that after graduationlater they dare to choose entrepreneurship as their career. College parties need to applya concrete entrepreneurship learning pattern based on empirical inputs to equipstudents with meaningful knowledge in order to encourage entrepreneurial spirit forentrepreneurship.Entrepreneurs are people who create welfare for others, find new ways to useresources, reduce waste, and create jobs that people like (Suryana, 2013).Prawirokusumo in (Suryana, 2013) also argues that an entrepreneur is those who makecreative and innovative efforts by developing ideas and gathering resources to findopportunities and improvements in life.Education that supports the success of entrepreneurship should not be interpreted justas formal education in school. Entrepreneurship education is one of the study course ofPendidikanLuarSekolah Education program which can be obtained anywhere in thesocial life of the community such as: (1). Basic home skills education with parents asfirst and foremost educators / teachers; (2). Formal education in elementary school touniversity; (3). Non-formal education, such as courses, training, seminars, and so on;(4). Education at work or company during apprenticeship, internship, part time work,and so on. (Sudjana, 2004) defines nonformal education as any organized andsystematic activity outside established school systems, carried out independently or animportant part of a broader activity, which is purposely made to serve certain learnersin achieving their learning objectives. The influence (outcome or impact) is the ultimategoal of PendidikanLuarSekolah education program. These influences include: (a)changes in the standard of living from graduates characterized by the acquisition ofemployment, or entrepreneurship, increased revenue, health and self-appearance, (b) Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 49 teaching others to the learning outcomes they have and perceived by the graduates, (c)increased participation in social activities and community development, bothparticipation of ideas, energy, property and funds.Findings from various studies on the various factors that can shape one'sentrepreneurial behavior show that entrepreneurship can be studied and shaped as it isdelivered (Johnson, 1990). In other words, one's entrepreneurial intentions areinfluenced by a number of factors that can be seen in an integral framework involvingvarious internal and external factors (Johnson, 1990). Internally, innovation isinfluenced by factors that come from individuals, such as tolerance, education,experience, and courtesy. While external factors such as the environment will affect rolemodels, activities, and opportunities. Therefore, innovation evolves into anentrepreneur through a process influenced by the environment, organization, andfamily (Suryana, 2013).Being an entrepreneur not only just about having a large capital, but also need basicknowledge about entrepreneurship and having interest of entrepreneurship that is notin the form of material. According to (Cashmere, 2013), entrepreneurs is someone whohas the courage to take risks to open a business on various occasions.Interests can be interpreted as factors that exist in a person that causes the person isattracted by or away from various objects, people, and activities contained in theenvironment (Sudjana, 2004). Many internal factors influence interest, such asconcentration, curiosity, motivation, and need. Needs are a very important factor.Interest and needs have a very close relationship. For example, an individual'seducational interest or interest in learning will be closely related to the learning needs.STKIP Siliwangi Bandung has placed entrepreneurship course as compulsory subject inthe learning process teaching. It aims to provide a stock of knowledge in order to helpgrow entrepreneurial interests for students. A learning will not be monitored itseffectiveness if not evaluated. Evaluation of the learning process that has been going onand evaluation of the impact of learning outcomes on student entrepreneur interest.Students are subject to study at the college level that has a meaning of the humancomponent that occupies a major position in the learning process. In the GovernmentRegulation Number 19 Year 2005 stated that "Learners are members of the communitywho seek to develop their potential through the learning process available on the path,ladder, and certain types of education". Based on the background and urgency of theresearch that has been described above, in this study the authors will examine andassess student responses to the learning process, analyze the extent to which theeffectiveness of entrepreneurship learning process that has been held can be perceivedbenefits by students, analyze student entrepreneur interest, whether or not there is arelationship between entrepreneurship learning and student entrepreneurship interest. B. INTENTIONBased on the problems that have been stated above, this study aims to:1. Describe and analyze student responses to entrepreneurship learning processconducted by STKIP Siliwangi Bandung. Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 50 2. Describe and analyze the interest of STKIP Siliwangi Bandung students toward theentrepreneurial movement.3. Describe and analyze the effectiveness of entrepreneurial learning conducted bySTKIP Siliwangi Bandung and how much that can be perceived benefits by itstudents.4. Analyze the relationship between entrepreneurship learning with student interestof being an entrepreuneur in STKIP Siliwangi Bandung. C. RESEARCH METHODMethods are ways that researchers can use to collect data (Arikunto, 1990). Thepopulation used in this study is STKIP Siliwangi Bandung students who have receivedentrepreneurship course learning. Samples were taken as many as 20 people thatrepresent the population by simple random sampling. Questionnaires used in this studywere arranged according to Likert scale model formulated with 5 categories. Thestatements put forward are qualitative, for the purpose of analyzing this data is adjustedto the nature of the questionnaire statement. Positive statements were scored 5, 4, 3, 2,1 and for negative statements were scored 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.The method used is descriptive method. (Nazir, 1999) suggests that descriptivemethods are fact-finding with appropriate interpretation, as well as the prevailingprocedures in society and certain situations including relationships, activities, attitudes,views, and processes takes place and the effects of a phenomenon. (Surakhmad, 1990)describes the characteristics of descriptive methods, as follows: (1) Concentrate onsolving actual problems; (2) The data collected is initially compiled, described and thenanalyzed and interpreted data results. The interpretation is based on the percentage ofalternative answers that have been raised by the respondents. Descriptive method isalso called analytical method. As for knowing whether or not there is relationshipbetween entrepreneurship learning as dependent variable and entrepreneurshipinterest of student as independent variable then research is correlation. (Arikunto,1990) argues that: Correlation research aims to find out whether there is a relationshipor not, and if there is, how closely the relationship itself. TABLE 1- CORPORATE DEVELOPMENT OF VARIABLE INSTRUMENT LEARNING PROCESS ENTREPRENEURSHIP Variables Indicator Statement AmountPositive Negative + - ∑ EntrepreneurshipLearning 1. EntrepreneurshipEducation Curriculum 1,2,3 4,5,6 3 3 62 Facilities andInfrastructureEntrepreneurshipEducation 7,8 9,10 2 2 43. Mastery of matterEntrepreneurshipEducation 11,13 12,14 2 2 4 Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 51 TABLE 2- CITIES OF VARIABLES INSTRUMENTS INTEREST STUDENTS ENTREPRENEURSHIP D. RESULT AND DISCUSSIONThe questionnaire on entrepreneurial learning consists of 18 questions, while thequestionnaire about entrepreneurial interest consists of 38 questions. The twoquestionnaires are divided into two types: positive and negative. This is made to assessthe consistency of students in answering the questionnaire, so that the weight of theobtained value really can be used as a guide to arrange the data as the next analysismaterial and can be used as a recommendation material in order to answer the researchobjectives. Table 3 - Entrepreneurship Learning Questionnaire (Variable X) No. DescriptionStatment/Question Frequency Answered Score InformationVA A D F D A VD A1. Entrepreneurship learning at theuniversity level is important andnecessary 4. Evaluation ofEntrepreneurshipEducation 15,16 17,18 2 2 4Amount of Statement 9 9 18 Variables Indicator Statemnet AmountPositive Negative + - ∑ Interst inEntrepreneurship 1. HavingConfidence 1,2,3,13 4,5,6,7 4 4 82. take a risk 8,37,38 9,10,11 3 3 63. creative andinnovative 25,27 26,12 2 2 44. discipline andhard woerk 28,29 30,31 2 2 45. future oriented 14,15,16 17,18,19 3 3 66. Having coriosity 21,22 23,24 2 2 47. honest andindependent 32,33,34 20,35,36 3 3 6Amount ofStatement 19 19 38 Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 52 No. DescriptionStatment/Question Frequency Answered Score InformationVA A D F D A VD A2. The entrepreneurship material youhave received at the universityaffects your willingness toentrepreneurship3. With the stock of entrepreneurialknowledge that I am now not readyfor entrepreneurship4. No need to learn aboutentrepreneurship to beentrepreneur5. Entrepreneurship knowledge isrequired as a provision forentrepreneurship Table 4- Entrepreneurship Interest Questionnaire (Variable Y) No. DescriptionStatment/Question Frequency Answered Score InformationVA A D F DA VD A1. Creating employment is better thanfinding a job2. Entrepreneurship can increase one'sself esteem3. Entrepreneurship can increaseoptimism for success4. I am not confident inentrepreneurship5. Many of the jobs that earn moresalary than entrepreneurship Table 5- Frequency Distribution of Answers to Entrepreneurship Learning (18 questions) Question VERY AGREE AGREE DOUBTFUL DISAGREE VERY DISAGREE SCORE 1 14 6 0 0 0 94 2 9 10 1 0 0 88 3 1 5 5 6 3 65 4 1 1 3 10 5 77 5 16 3 0 1 0 94 6 2 9 3 6 0 53 7 18 2 0 0 0 98 8 12 8 0 0 0 92 Frequency Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 53 Question Question VERY AGREE AGREE DOUBTFUL DISAGREE VERY DISAGREE SCORE 9 1 8 6 5 0 55 10 5 15 0 0 0 85 11 2 12 5 1 0 75 12 2 16 2 0 0 40 13 9 10 1 0 0 88 14 1 4 5 4 6 70 15 14 5 1 0 0 93 16 3 14 3 0 0 80 17 1 4 5 7 3 67 18 1 4 3 8 4 70 FINAL SCORE 1384 Table 6 - Frequency Distribution of Positive Entrepreneurial Learning Answers From table 6 obtained the percentage of positive questions to the entrepreneuriallearning process is 64.09%. Based on the criteria of 100% percentage, 64.09% is morethan half, which mean it can be described that from 20 subjects studied there are 13people (more than half) have a high understanding of entrepreneurial learning. Frequency VERY AGREE AGREE DOUBTFUL DISAGREE VERY DISAGREE SCORE 1 14 6 0 0 0 942 9 10 1 0 0 885 16 3 0 1 0 947 18 2 0 0 0 988 12 8 0 0 0 9210 5 15 0 0 0 8511 2 12 5 1 0 7513 9 11 0 0 0 8815 14 5 1 0 0 9316 3 14 3 0 0 80 FINAL SCORE 887 Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 54 Questions Table 7- Frequency Distribution of Learning Answers to Negative Entrepreneurship Learning From Table 7, the result of all negatif itemis 35,91%. Based on the criteria 100%percentage, 35.91% is almost reach half, which mean it can be described that from 20subjects studied there are 7 people (almost half) have a low understanding ofentrepreneurial learning.This value illustrates that the students are consistent in answering the questionnaireeven though the proposed statement is negative. This is seen in the frequency ofanswers that tend to choose disagree or strongly disagree on items that illustrate thenegative things about entrepreneurship learning process. From both data result ofresearch about entrepreneurship learning is positive and negative can be described thatfrom 20 subjects study there are 13 students who have a high understanding ofentrepreneurship learning and 7 people have a low understanding. This indicates thatthere is a student response to entrepreneurial learning.While the data analysis to know the student response to entrepreneurship learningprocess can be described as follows:From the overall problem obtained the ideal score (criterium) is 20 x 100 = 2000 andthe score of research results is 1384, then the continuum can be seen in Figure 1. Figure 1 –Entrepreuneurship learning process in STKIP Siliwangi Bandung Based on figure 1 can be described that more than half students gave good responses toentrepreuneurship learning course. Frequency VERY AGREE AGREE DOUBTFUL DISAGREE VERY DISAGREE SCORE3 1 5 5 6 3 654 1 1 3 10 5 776 2 9 3 6 0 539 1 8 6 5 0 5512 2 16 2 0 0 4014 1 4 5 4 6 7017 1 4 5 7 3 6718 1 4 5 8 4 70 FINAL SCORE 497 Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 55 Table 8- Frequency Distribution of Answers of Interest in Entrepreneurship (38 questions) Questions VERY AGREE AGREE DOUBTFUL DISAGREE VERY DISAGREE SCORE 1 17 3 0 0 0 97 2 12 8 0 0 0 92 3 12 8 0 0 0 92 4 3 2 3 11 1 65 5 1 3 3 11 2 70 6 3 6 3 7 1 57 7 0 1 0 16 3 81 8 7 13 0 0 0 87 9 0 3 4 10 3 73 10 4 3 2 11 0 60 11 1 7 5 6 1 59 12 6 10 3 1 0 81 13 3 12 5 0 0 78 14 16 4 0 0 0 96 15 16 4 0 0 0 96 16 8 11 1 0 0 87 17 1 2 1 13 3 75 18 0 3 1 16 0 73 19 1 0 0 16 3 80 20 1 6 4 8 1 62 21 7 13 0 0 0 87 22 9 11 0 0 0 89 23 1 6 5 8 0 60 24 1 10 3 6 0 54 25 10 10 0 0 0 90 26 1 6 7 5 1 59 27 11 11 0 0 0 91 28 9 11 0 0 0 89 29 14 6 0 0 0 94 30 1 3 4 10 2 69 31 1 4 9 6 0 60 32 9 11 0 0 0 89 33 7 13 0 0 0 87 34 9 11 0 0 0 89 35 1 1 0 12 6 81 36 1 0 1 11 7 83 37 11 9 0 0 0 91 38 7 10 3 0 0 84 FINAL SCORE 3007 Frequency Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 56 Table 9- Distribution of Frequency of Interest in Positive Entrepreneurship Questions VERY AGREE AGREE DOUBTFUL DISAGREE VERY DISAGREE SCORE 1 17 3 0 0 0 97 2 12 8 0 0 0 92 3 12 8 0 0 0 92 8 7 13 0 0 0 87 12 6 10 3 1 0 81 13 3 12 5 0 0 78 14 16 4 0 0 0 96 15 16 4 0 0 0 96 16 8 11 1 0 0 87 21 7 13 0 0 0 87 22 9 11 0 0 0 89 25 10 10 0 0 0 90 27 11 11 0 0 0 91 28 9 11 0 0 0 89 29 14 6 0 0 0 94 32 9 11 0 0 0 89 33 7 13 0 0 0 87 34 9 11 0 0 0 89 37 11 9 0 0 0 91 38 7 10 3 0 0 84 FINAL SCORE 1786 From Table 9, it can be seen that the value of all positive items is 59.39%. Based onpercentage criterion 59,39% is more than half, which mean it can be described thatfrom 20 subject studied there are 12 people (more than half) have high interest toentrepreneur. Frequency Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 57 Table10- Frequency Distribution of Interest Answers to a Negative Entrepreneurship Questions VERY AGREE AGREE DOUBTFUL DISAGREE VERY DISAGREE SCORE 4 3 2 3 11 1 65 5 1 3 3 11 2 70 6 3 6 3 7 1 57 7 0 1 0 16 3 81 9 0 3 4 10 3 73 10 4 3 2 11 0 60 11 1 7 5 6 1 59 17 1 2 1 13 3 75 18 0 3 1 16 0 73 19 1 0 0 16 3 80 20 1 6 4 8 1 62 23 1 6 5 8 0 60 24 1 10 3 6 0 54 26 1 6 7 5 1 59 30 1 3 4 10 2 69 31 1 4 9 6 0 60 35 1 1 0 12 6 81 36 1 0 1 11 7 83 FINAL SCORE 1221From Table 10, the result of all item items is negative about 40.61%. Based on thecriteria percentage 40.61% is almost half, meaning can be described that from 20subjects studied there are 8 people (almost half) have low interest to entrepreneurinterest. This value illustrates that the students are consistent in answering thequestionnaire even though the proposed statement is negative. This is seen in thefrequency of answers that tend to choose "disagree" or "strongly disagree" on the itemthat describes the negative things about the entrepreneur. From both data result ofresearch about entrepreneurship interest can be described that from 20 subject studiedthere are 12 people having high interest to entrepreneur interest and 8 people have lowinterest to entrepreneur interest. This indicates that STKIP Siliwangi Bandung studentshave a high level of interest in entrepreneur interest.As for data analysis to know students affection of being an entrepreuneurs oncontinuum can be showed as:From overall items obtained ideal score (criterium) 38 x 100 = 3800 and the score ofresearch results is 3007, then the continuum can be seen in figure 2. Figure 2–Entrepreuneurship interest in students of STKIP Siliwangi Bandung Frequency Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 58 Based on figure 2 can be described that most of the students have a high interest inbeing an entrepreuneurs.Analysis on the effectiveness of entrepreneurship learning process is obtained asfollows: Ideal score (criterium) is 5 x 20 = 100 and the score of research results is 88,then the continuum can be seen in Figure 3. Figure 3 –Entrepreuneurship learning process in STKIP Siliwangi BandungFrom the question asked can be stated almost entirely students choose strongly agree /agree that the entrepreneurship learning that have been accepted definitely can growstudent affection in entrepreneurial interest. Which mean the effectiveness ofentrepreneurial learning can be perceived by students at least they can afford to changethe mindset of students, that after graduation later should not be a job seeker, but canalso become entrepreneurs, although there are many other factors that influence aperson's interest to entrepreneurship.To analyze the relationship between entrepreneurship learning and studententrepreneur interest, the hypothesis used in this research is (There is norelationship between entrepreneurship learning process with student entrepreneurshipinterest), and (There is a relationship between entrepreneurship learningprocess with student entrepreneurship interest). Criteria : If t score > t table and on the fall curve in the rejection area, then Ho isrejected and Ha accepted.From data processing results about entrepreneurship learning variable andentrepreneur interest of student obtained correlation coefficient equal to 0,15.Based on the interpretation guidance of correlation coefficient, the result of thecorrelation coefficient interpretation above is very low (0.15). This is understandablebecause in addition to entrepreneurial learning, many other external and internalfactors influence one's entrepreneurial interest. This is in line with Johnson's (1990)opinion that one's entrepreneurial intentions are influenced by a number of factors thatcan be seen in an integral framework involving various internal and external factors.To test the significance test of the relationship is whether the relationship found isapplicable to the entire population, then tested the significance of product moment sothat t count is 0.65