Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 274 APPLICATION OF RIGHT TECHNOLOGY IN IMPROVING COMMUNITY INDEPENDENCE THROUGH LIFE SKILL PROGRAMS (Case Study of Appropriate Technology for Utilizing Local Potential of Sente Bulbs in Karangsetra Village, Pandeglang District, Banten Province) Rudhi HendharliIKIP Siliwangirudhihendarli@gmail.com ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is 1. To describe the planning of appropriatetechnology application in the cente-based tuber processing food business asa local potential. 2. To describe the process of applying appropriatetechnology in a cente-based tuber processing food business as a localpotential. 3. To describe the results of the application of appropriatetechnology in a cente-based tuber processing food business as a localpotential. 4. To describe the follow-up to the application of appropriatetechnology in the cente-based tuber processing food business as a localpotential. The methodology used in this study was to use descriptivequalitative methods using data collection of observation guidelines,interview guidelines, documentation and literature studies, with informantsmanaging Melati PAUD and parents of Melati PAUD students. The resultsshowed that the efforts of the management of Paud Melati in training theuse of appropriate technology to improve independence through centeprocessing, learning citizens were able to realize the results ofentrepreneurial life skills obtained through the learning of citizens towardsthe adoption of cente processing equipment technology, productdiversification from senti bulbs, increased insight into efforts atindependence in business and income. The conclusion in this study isproven to be able to increase the independence of trainees. Trainingparticipants are able to market themselves or through marketing servicesthat are entrusted to PAUD Melati managers the results of entrepreneurialtraining. Based on the results of research and discussion that has beencarried out in this study, the researchers provide some suggestions forinstitutions and Technical Resource Persons should conduct life trainingactivities using appropriate technology more intensive and more optimal infacilitating learning as one of the activities to improve the independence oftrainees. Keywords : Appropriate Technology, Independence, Life Skills Education. INTRODUCTIONLaw No. 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government states that the Unitary State of theRepublic of Indonesia (NKRI) is divided into Provinces and regions of the provincedivided into Regencies and Cities. It was also stated in the Law that the provincial and Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 275 regional regions of the regency each had Regional Governments. Where is the conditionof the Regency in Indonesia consists of developed and underdeveloped regions, so thatin an effort to advance the general welfare and educate the life of the nation has notbeen fully realized because there are still gaps between developed regions andunderdeveloped regions.On this basis it is necessary to accelerate the development of disadvantaged regionsspecifically, planned, systematic, and sustainable. And in Law 17/2007 on RPJPN 2005-2025 it has been mandated the need to prioritize the development of the welfare ofcommunity groups living in underdeveloped areas and large alignments from theGovernment. Furthermore, the Government has issued Government Regulation No. 78of 2014 which regulates the Acceleration of Development of Disadvantaged Areas(PPDT). The Development of Disadvantaged Areas is defined as "a planned process,effort and action to improve the quality of the community and region which is anintegral part of national development".Banten Province has 2 regencies which are included in disadvantaged areas namelyPandeglang and Lebak Regencies. (data source: Presidential Regulation (Perpres)Number 131/2015 concerning Determination of Disadvantaged Areas for 2015-2019).Pandeglang Regency has many people who do not have jobs. The potential of manycrops that are found are sente sente tuber plants that grow wild, especially in KarangSetra Village, Koroncong District, Pandeglang Regency. This plant has not been usedoptimally. The processing that has been made by the community is the making of chips,buntil for its centipede leaves, and the vegetable tuber of sente. The preparations areonly the majority of consumption for themselves / family. There is a group of peoplewho have tried to use appropriate technology but have not been followed by othercommunity groups, while appropriate technology can help increase production faster,better and more varied.Poverty reduction in disadvantaged areas can be done through formal and non-formaleducation activities. One of the non-formal education efforts that can be done is byproviding life skills education.The results of observations in the field obtained information that there were manyunemployed and many crops of sente crops that had not been used as commodities thathad high selling value. Therefore, it is necessary to have a life skills education programusing appropriate technology to contribute to the acceleration of development andcompletion of underdevelopment.Based on the description of the background of the above problems, researchers areinterested in researching about the Application of Appropriate Technology in ImprovingCommunity Independence through the Life Skill Program. METHODThe methodology used in this study was to use descriptive qualitative methods usingdata collection observation guidelines, interview guidelines, documentation andliterature studies, with informants managing PAUD Melati and Parents of PAUD Melatistudents in the karangsetra village, Kec. Koroncong district. Pandeglang BantenProvince Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 276 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A. Planning the application of appropriate technology in the business of processing tuber-based food as a local potential in Karangsetra Village, Kec. Koroncong, Pandeglang Regency, Banten ProvinceBased on the results of observations before the study, managers and researchers havedevised a plan to carry out the senti yam processing business plan.The stages of identification are carried out to find out the forming variables of thephenomena that are the object of study. The phenomenon referred to here is thecondition of the area that is the target of the implementation (implementation) of aprogram or activity in an area. The process of identifying variables is done throughmapping (maping) the conditions of the area. Mapping the condition of an area iscarried out to find out its socio-economic conditions, so that based on this mapping canbe carried out socio-economy assessment. This socio-economic assessment includesgeneral overview of location data, socio-demographic characteristics, and socio-economic conditions of the community (including levels of income & expenditure,livelihoods, level of education, etc.).The application of appropriate technology in Pandeglang District based on theidentification of the target is the community members who become PAUD parents andor PAUD managers in one of the disadvantaged villages, namely Karangsetra Village,Koroncong District. The empowerment material is processing sente tubers into variousflavors and flavors.on the aspect of the cente-based tuber-based food business using a SWOT analysis thatincludes an analysis of internal factors to find out the strengths and weaknesses thatthey have. This can be seen in the results of interviews with managers with the initials Cas follows:"We are aware that preparations that can be used as a basis for planning and at thesame time as our reference in implementing appropriate technology implementationactivities in improving community independence through life skill programs, to be moredirected, run efficiently and effectively. Therefore, the PAUD Melati manager alwaysprepares before identifying the needs of the life skill program participants. "From the results of the research, the researcher did get an idea that planning in theapplication of appropriate technology in the cente-based tuber processing food businessas a local potential carried out by Melati PAUD managers is to encourage self-reliance,shape the competence and development of the entrepreneurial spirit.Sondra Stein (2000: 17) suggests that there are four standard categories that need to beprepared in the future, namely the ability for adults: 1) get information and ideas, 2)communicate with confidence the message and can be understood by others, 3) makingdecisions based on solid information and being able to analyze and be able to determinecarefully, 4) always learn not to miss. Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 277 B. The process of applying appropriate technology in a cente-based tuber processing food business as a local potential in Karangsetra Village, Kec. Koroncong, Pandeglang Regency, Banten ProvinceIn the implementation of appropriate technology implementation in cente tuberprocessing business with a free expression approach directed through a learningstrategy with "giving motivation" to arouse attention and stimulation of the birth of amotive that can be used as a basis for work, the researcher begins by conducting aplanning phase that includes activities:1) Designing scenarios for the implementation of appropriate technology in the centeprocessing business as follows:a) Managers with life skill trainees dialogue to arouse attention and stimulation bornof motivation that can be used as a basis in fostering the entrepreneurial spirit oflife skill program participants in increasing independence through sweet potatoprocessingb) The manager introduces appropriate technology tools to support programactivities, in stimulating participants of activities, arousing the attention andstimulation of program participants.2) Researchers and managers prepare equipment and materials needed by programparticipants in the application of appropriate technology in the cente processingbusiness.Based on the results of the interviews and observations above, it was obtainedinformation that in the implementation of appropriate technology application programactivities in the senti sweet potato processing business, successfully motivated programparticipants to be eager to participate in the implementation of appropriate technologyin increasing community independence through life skill programs. Motivation is thedriving force of learning activities. Learning motivation of life skill program participantsis closely related to the objectives to be achieved by participants. If the participant whois learning realizes that the goal to be achieved is useful or useful for him then themotivation of independence will emerge strongly. So, the implementation activity is theinitial activity in a program activity meeting aimed at generating motivation andfocusing the attention of the participants to actively participate in the process ofprogram implementation of appropriate technology in increasing communityindependence through life skill programs.The idea of Appropriate Technology (TTG) was originally proposed by Dr. E.F.Schumacher. He is an English economist. The thinker about the initial idea ofappropriate technology (TTG) was outlined in his very inspirational book entitled"Small is Beautiful" published in 1973. Dr. Schumacher was appointed as the BritishCoal Board Advisor and government advisor for Burma - now Myanmar and later forIndia. Thinkers about the concept of appropriate technology also influenced thethinking of India's first PM Jawaharlah Nehru. In 1961, PM Nehru invited Dr.Schumacher at a development planning commission in India, then Dr. Schumacherproposed "intermediate technology" at the commission but did not take part in thecommission. In 1966, Dr. Schumacher founded a non-profit organization called Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 278 Intermediate Technology Development Group (ITDG). The approach to technologydevelopment received considerable attention in the 1960s and was known as a socialmovement during the world energy crisis in the 1970s and was also known as anenvironmental movement. The concept of technology offered by Dr. Schumacher, whowas formerly called "intermediate technology", became known today as an appropriatetechnology.Although there is still much debate about the concept of appropriate technology,currently it is recognized that in general the technology in question is technology that isimplemented on a small scale, decentralization, solid work, environmentally friendly,and paying attention to local wisdom. At present ITDG (Intermediate TechnologyDevelopment Group) still exists and aims to "show and advocate for sustainabledevelopment through the use of technology to reduce poverty in developing countries" C. The results of the application of appropriate technology in the business of processing tuber-based food as a local potential in Karangsetra Village, Kec. Koroncong, Pandeglang Regency, Banten ProvinceMastery of learning citizens towards the adoption of cente tuber processing equipmenttechnology is something related to learning activities because learning activities areprocesses while learning outcomes are some of the results achieved by a person afterexperiencing the learning process by first signifying an evaluation of the learningprocess undertaken. Learning outcomes are the result of an interaction betweenlearning action and teaching action, the teaching action ends with the process ofevaluating learning outcomes. From the learning side, learning outcomes are the end ofteaching from the top of the learning process.In this study, researchers used criteria to determine the learning outcomes of learningcitizens' mastery on the adoption of tuber cente processing equipment technology inrelation to efforts to increase community independence.The ability of domestic food production from year to year is increasingly limited, whilepopulation growth is increasing. In order for national food sufficiency to be fulfilled, theefforts taken are to improve the productivity of fresh tubers with appropriatetechnology and food diversification efforts. Food diversification efforts are veryimportant, because of the limited production capacity. To show the success ofdiversification, the way of serving food needs attention, because this method ofpresentation will determine how much (quantity) of the food is consumed.Sente tuber commodities are tubers that can support food diversification, because thetuber is grown in the area of Karangsetra Village, Kec. Koroncong of PandeglangRegency, Banten Province is very abundant, therefore the relevant communities andoffices are interested in processing sente tubers into various kinds of food that areuseful and have high selling value.Diversification or diversification of products from the bulbs of the community learns theapplication of appropriate technology to welcome enthusiastically this activity, severalquestions are carried out and scramble to be able to help the implementation of the Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 279 practice of making processed products while feeling the results. With this program, it isexpected that there will be an increase in community independence in KarangsetraVillage, Kec. Koroncong, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province, as well as an increase inthe economic value of cente tuber products so that it can increase income forhouseholds.Sente tubers have the potential to be processed into various types of processing,including: as a staple food, as vegetables, as processed (taro chips, cakes, etc.), sentryflour. Sente tuber plants are potential carbohydrates as a supplement / substitution ofrice or as a diversification of food, industrial raw materials and so on. Sente tubers havegreat benefits to be developed because of various benefits and can be cultivated easilyso that the potential of sente tubers is quite large.According to Lamman (in Fatimah, 2006) states that independence is an individual'sability to regulate himself and not depend on others. The same thing was also expressedby Brawer (in Havinghurts, 1993) that independence is a behavior found in someonewho arises because of encouragement from within himself, not because of the influenceof others. According to Maslow (in Ali, 2005) that independence is one of the levels ofhuman needs referred to as the need for autonomy. He also added that a person whoachieves self-actualization has special characteristics of actualization, one of which isthe need for privacy and independence, where people who actualize themselves inmeeting their needs do not need others. In connection with that according to Beller (inAli, 2005), people who have low independence usually have special characteristicsincluding seeking help, seeking attention, seeking direction, and seeking support forothers.Departing from these definitions, it can be understood that group independence isa. A condition in which a person / group of people has the desire to compete toadvance for the good of themselves / their group.b. Able to make decisions with initiatives to overcome problems faced by the self /group.c. Have confidence and carry out their duties.d. Responsible for what he did. D. Follow-up on the application of appropriate technology in the cente-based tuber processing food business as a local potential in Karangsetra Village, Kec. Koroncong, Pandeglang Regency, Banten ProvinceSkills development for parents of PAUD Melati students in increasing independencethrough the cente tuber processing business is currently not optimal, while sente tuberas raw material is available locally, even now because it is less touched by technology,its use is still not convincing the community in Karangsetra Kec Village . Koroncong,Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province. Therefore the managers of Jasmine PAUD andPP-PAUD Dikmas West Java coordinate in increasing the independence of theKarangsetra village community in the district. Koroncong, Pandeglang Regency, BantenProvince through life training of cente processing skills.Technological factors can be opportunities and threats to business development carriedout by life learning skills residents in the centrifugal processing development program,because it will affect products, services, markets, competitors and customers. This is Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 280 highly considered by PAUD Melati managers with the use of appropriate technology thathas several benefits including increasing the efficiency of production time, technicallyprocessing centrifugal tubers with modern tools, although some still use traditionaltools.Basically partnership is a collaboration between two parties or more in a direct orindirect business relationship based on the principle of mutual need, trust, strengthenand benefit which involves business actors, the development of partnerships conductedby PAUD Melati managers with several small and medium entrepreneurs is tofacilitating the marketing of the products of citizens learning life skills programs in thiscase parents of PAUD Melati students so that parents of Melati PAUD students are notconfused in marketing the sentient tuber products that have been produced.The implementation of Life Skill Education (Life Skill) that integrates learning activitiesand business activities, both in the field of trade, services, industry and agriculture oranimal husbandry in accordance with the learning needs of learning citizens and thepotential available in their environment, basically has touched the efforts ofdevelopment and development entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship training is veryimportant for the community including school dropouts in the context of theempowerment process. Empowerment is intended to shape the entrepreneurialpersonality, namely: (1) having high trust in hard work, independent work, andunderstanding the risk of failure as part of success, (2) having the ability to organizeand make goals, oriented and responsible for good or bad results events, (3) havingcreativity and finding ways to make it happen through entrepreneurship, and (4) likingchallenges and finding oneself through activities by realizing their ideas. Steinhoff(1993) in Sujana (2000: 131). CONCLUSIONThe application of appropriate technology in the business of processing tuber-basedfood as a local potential in Karangsetra Village, Kec. Koroncong, Pandeglang Regency,Banten Province basically includes four stages: planning, process, results, and follow-up.The four stages are related to each other and continuity in the process of activities sothat in the end it can contribute to the improvement of community independence in thecase of Melati PAUD parents.1. Planning the application of appropriate technology in the cente-based tuberprocessing food business as a local potential in Karangsetra Village, Kec. Koroncong,Pandeglang Regency, Banten ProvincePlanning for the adoption of appropriate technology in tuber cente-based foodprocessing business as a local potential in Karangsetra Village, Kec. Koroncong,Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province through several stages, including:identification, Determination of Priority Scale, Strategy & Method of Achievement, aswell as Appropriate Technology Innovation used, organizing learning residents andresource persons, developing teaching materials and learning strategies, preparingappropriate technology equipment for tuber processing sente, analysis of market andbusiness potential.2. The process of applying appropriate technology in a cente-based tuber processingfood business as a local potential in Karangsetra Village, Kec. Koroncong, PandeglangRegency, Banten Province. Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 281 The process of applying appropriate technology transfer by Melati business grouplearning residents by using adult learning methods that emphasize more practicalaspects or mastery of skills using appropriate technology tools for cente tuberprocessing.3. The results of the application of appropriate technology in the production of tuber-based cente food processing as a local potential in Karangsetra Village, Kec.Koroncong, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province.The result of the transfer of appropriate technology carried out by the Melatibusiness group learning residents was the mastery of the learning residents towardsthe adoption of cente centrifugal processing equipment technology, thediversification of products from tuber cente fruit, increased insight into efforts atself-reliance in business and increased income.4. Follow-up on the application of appropriate technology in the business of processingtuber-based food as a local potential in Karangsetra Village, Kec. Koroncong,Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province.Follow-up of the planned transfer of appropriate technology is skills development,business development and partnership development. BIBLIOGRAPHYAli. ( 2005). Kemandirian. : Konsep Kemandirian dan Pembentukan Kemandirian.Jakarta. Global MediaAntonius (2002). Konsep Kemandirian : Ciri-Ciri Kemandirian. Jakarta. GunungAgungArikunto (2002). Metode Penelitian : Subjek dan Lokasi Penelitian. Jakarta. AlfabeaBroling, (1989). Pendidikan Kecakapan Hidup : Program Pendidikan KecakapanHidup. Bandung. Remaja RosdakaryaCoombs dikutip Djuju Sudjana (2001). Pendidikan Luar Sekolah. Jakarta. Rineka CiptaDjuju Sudjana (1991). Pendidikan Luar Sekolah : Tujuan Pendidikan Luar Sekolah.Jakarta. Rineka CiptaFatimah. (2006). Kemandirian. : Konsep Kemandirian dan Pembentukan Kemandirian.Jakarta. Cahaya IlmuHavinghurts, (1993). Kemandirian : Kemandirian dengan Proses Sosialisasi. Jakarta.Gunung AgungJ.Babari, (1996). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Menuju Kemandirian. Jakarta. GlobalMediaKent Davis (2000). Pendidikan Kecakapan Hidup : Konsep Pendidikan KecakapanHidup. Jakarta. Cahaya IlmuKinsey (1977). Pendidikan Luar Sekolah : Komponen-Komponen Pendidikan LuarSekolah. Jakarta. Global Media Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 282 Lindzey & Ritter. (2000). Konsep Kemandirian : Ciri-Ciri Kemandirian. Jakarta.Gunung AgungMoleong (2004). Metode Penelitian : Penelitian Deskriptif Kualitatif . Jakarta. RinekaCiptaMulyani Sumantri, (2004). Pendiddikan Kecakapan Hidup : Tujuan PendidikanKecakapan Hidup. Bandung. TarsitoNasution (1996). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif : Prosedur Penelitian. Jakarta. GunungAgungSantoso S. Hamidjoyo (1973). Pendidikan Luar Sekolah : Konsep Pendidikan LuarSekolah. Jakarta. Rineka CiptaSlamet PH (2002). Pendidikan Kecakapan Hidup : Tujuan Pendidikan KecakapanHidup. Jakarta. Global MediaSondra Stein (2000). Pendidikan Kecakapan Hidup : Konsep Pendidikan KecakapanHidup. Gelora AksaraSunaryo Kartadinata, (1988). Konsep Kemandirian : Ciri-Ciri Kemandirian. Jakarta.Cahaya IlmuSujana (2000). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat : Kemandirian Masyarakat. Jakarta. CahayaIlmuSugiyono (2006). Metode Penelitian : Penelitian Deskriptif Kualitatif. Jakarta. RinekaCiptaWinarno surakhkman (1990) Metode Penelitian : Teknik Pengumpulan Data. Jakarta.Global MediaThoha (1993). Kemandirian : Ciri-Ciri Kemandirian Masyarakat. Jakarta. FalahProductionUndang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Jakarta. PT.GramediaUU 17/2007 Tentang RPJPN Tahun 2005-2025 Telah Diamanatkan Perlunya PrioritasPembangunan Kesejahteraan Kelompok Masyarakat Yang Hidup Di WilayahTertinggal Dan Keberpihakan Yang Besar Dari PemerintahUndang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa. : Desa Didefinisikan Sebagai“Kesatuan Masyarakat Hukum Yang Memiliki Batas Wilayah YangBerwenang Untuk Mengatur Dan Mengurus Urusan Pemerintahan,Kepentingan Masyarakat Setempat Berdasarkan Prakarsa Masyarakat, HakAsal Usul, Dan/Atau Hak Tradisional Yang Diakui Dan Dihormati DalamSistem Pemerintahan Nkri”.Undang - undang No. 20 tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan NasionalPeraturan Pemerintah No. 78 Tahun 2014 yang mengatur mengenai PercepatanPembangunan Daerah Tertinggal (PPDT).Peraturan Presiden Nomor 131 Tahun 2015 tentang Penetapan Daerah TertinggalTahun 2015-2019 Jurnal Empowerment Volume 7 Nomor 2, September 2018 e-ISSN : 2580-7692 p-ISSN : 2252-4738 283 Permendes PDTT Nomor 21/2015 yang berisi Penetapan Prioritas Dana Desa Tahun2016.Peraturan Presiden (perpres) Nomor 131/2015 tentang Penetapan Daerah TertinggalTahun 2015–2019).Yusuf. (2001). Kemandirian. : Konsep Kemandirian dan Pembentukan Kemandirian.Jakarta. Global MediaYetti Hamdiati (2002). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat : Kemandirian Masyarakat. Jakarta.Cahaya Ilmu REFERENCE OF THESIS AND JOURNALAbdul Muis (2005) yang berjudul “Penyelenggaraan Program PendidikanKecakapan Hidup (Life Skills) dan Dampaknya Terhadap KemandirianWarga Belajar di Desa Langensari Kecamatan Lembang (Studi Kasus PadaKelompok Belajar Binaan BPPLSP Regional II Jayagiri)”.Muhamad Nizhomun Niam (2017) Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikanpenanaman pendidikan life skill dalam meningkatkan kemandirian santri barudi Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Putra II, Madusari, Siman, PonorogoTahun 2017/2018Ardiwinata, J. S., & Mulyono, D. (2018). Community Education in the development of TheCommunity. Empowerment, 7(1), 25-35.Rossi Yanita (2012) yang berjudul “Dampak pelatihan kecakapan hidup Home industrypengolahan hasil perikanan dalam meningkatkan pendapatan warga belajar(studi kasus di kelompok belajar binaan UPTD Sanggar Kegiatan Belajar KotaBengkulu)”.