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Energy and Earth Science 
Vol. 2, No. 1, 2019 

www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/ees 
ISSN 2578-1359 (Print)   ISSN 2578-1367 (Online) 

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Original Paper 

Overview in Big Data Analysis of the Japanese Defense System: 

Ambiguous Adjustment to a Strategic Environment Change  

Chih-Wei Chen1, C. W. Chen1, C. Y. J. Chen2 
1 National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan 
2 University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 
* C. Y. J. Chen, E-mail: johnnychen@unimelb.edu.au 

 

Received: November 22, 2018   Accepted: December 1, 2018   Online Published: January 30, 2019 

doi:10.22158/ees.v2n1p1         URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/ees.v2n1p1 

 

Abstract  

Taiwan and Japan are both maritime countries. The natural resources in the territory are quite limited. 

Due to this inherent limitation, both Taiwan and Japan rely on trade to safeguard their own economic 

interests. Therefore, defending the maritime traffic lines and ensuring maritime interests are important 

missions of the Taiwan and Japan defense systems. The recent increasingly harsh international 

situation in the Asia-Pacific region has seriously affected the security and stability of the surrounding 

areas. Invisible also poses many challenges to Taiwan’s maritime rights and interests, so it is a 

reflection on Taiwan’s future development by understanding the Japanese defense system. 

Keyword 

Japan’s Defense Ministry, national security assurance strategy, defense plan, medium-term defense 

force preparation plan 

 

1. Introduction 

Security developing demands in every single filed beyond domestic economic and environmental 

protection (Read & Fernandes, 2003; Lewis et al., 1978). In the security environment around Japan, 

various problems and unstable factors have become prominent and sharp, and such situations are 

becoming more and more serious. Among them, the factors in the Asia-Pacific region will have a 

far-reaching impact on Japan’s national interests. It includes the modernization of neighboring 

countries and the strengthening of military power, and similar trends and military activities are 

becoming more and more prominent. 

Under the development of lack of transparency and rapid expansion of sea power, the CCP military 

forces are rapidly changing the military balance in the Asia-Pacific region. At the same time, according 



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to the sovereignty of the East China Sea and the South China Sea, which are inconsistent with the 

international order, it is extremely difficult to change the regional status quo. Can lead to 

misunderstanding and increase the risk of emergencies (John, 1967). 

The South China Sea is an important node connecting the Pacific Ocean with the Indian Ocean to the 

Straits of Malacca. Shipping accounts for about one-third of the world’s trade each year. An important 

maritime traffic line that is stable and economically prosperous in the international community. 

Especially for Japan, which relies on trade, the region is more known as the sea in Japan. In addition, 

China has made large-scale rapid reclamation in the South China Sea and strengthened various 

constructions for military purposes, by changing the status quo and increasing tension. The situation is 

to stabilize the situation in which a country enjoys regional rights, which has a serious negative impact 

not only on the economy but also on the security of the Asia-Pacific region (Martin, 1972; Randall, 

1994).  

The aggressive actions on the Diaoyu Islands have not stopped. At the beginning of August 2016, 

dozens of “Chinese Marine Police Boats” began with an unprecedented frequency. Invade the waters 

around the Taitung Islands. It is surrounded by hundreds of militia fishing boats. This can be said to be 

a large-scale upgrade of the traditional offensive. 

 

2. Methodology-Japan’s Security Environment 

North Korea has repeatedly conducted nuclear tests and ballistic missile tests under international 

sanctions, and has developed military forces on a large scale with a strong belief in the use of force, and 

has continuously maintained and strengthened asymmetric military capabilities, including the 

development and deployment of nuclear and ballistic missiles. Weapons of mass destruction and the 

maintenance of large Special Forces. This is not only a serious threat to Japan’s regional and 

international security. On the other hand, North Korea’s kidnapping of Japanese nationals has always 

been a serious problem of Japan’s sovereignty and people’s life safety, and it is one of the 

responsibilities of the country. 



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Figure 1. Japan’s Sea Traffic Line (East Asia Strategic Overview, 2018) 

 

2.1 Gray Events Surrounding Economic Rights 

Japan’s gray situation between territorial, sovereignty and maritime rights is gradually becoming 

longer-term, and these usual gray events may become a more serious risk of hidden national security. 

Among them, the dispute between the CCP and the southwestern islands of Japan and the East China 

Sea is the most serious. In addition to the CCP’s official duties, the ship intermittently invaded the 

Japanese territory around the southwestern islands, and a small unmanned aircraft invaded the airspace. 

In addition, Russia in the north, even in the case of a more substantial reduction in the country’s overall 

budgetary expenditures, still gives priority to ensuring defense spending, while in the Far East. In 

addition to conducting large-scale exercises, the Russian army also deployed ground-to-ship missiles in 

the Russian northern territories and coastal areas, and is scheduled to be in the Thousand Islands. 

2.2 Non-Traditional Security Threats 

In addition to frequent natural disasters in Japan, Japan is located in coastal areas with nuclear power 

plants, and infrastructure such as industry, population, and network communications are concentrated in 

metropolitan areas, and invisible security concerns arising from the Great East Japan Earthquake have 

been buried. If disasters such as major earthquakes occur again, it is still possible that extremely serious 

damage will occur, affecting not only Japan but also the international community. Therefore, Japan 

urgently needs to take comprehensive measures to deal with large-scale natural disasters that may occur 

in the future. 

 

3. Results and Discussions-Japan’s Strategy 

3.1 National Security Strategy in a Security Environment 

In view of the above-mentioned security environment, what is Japan’s national security strategy in 

response to these threats? Four priority objectives are keys, such as economic recovery, educational 



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revival, diplomatic and security revival, and life rejuvenation. These four goals are related to each other 

and to each other influences. However, the scope of this study is only for the following aspects of 

Japan’s foreign and security aspects. The Abe government has promoted the foreign policy of values of 

the arc of freedom and prosperity. Government officials and other government officials have actively 

visited countries around the world, including ASEAN. With the changes in the strategic environment in 

the Asia-Pacific region, peace and prosperity in the region, through economic partnerships and 

communication networks, to achieve freedom, democracy, basic human rights, the rule of law and 

prosperity Values. Among them, strengthening the Japan-US alliance, through strengthening the close 

US-Japan alliance, its influence has become safe for Japan and the region. Important outside. In 

addition, under the premise of the deterrence provided by the United States, Japan will expand its 

security role and mission, not only for itself. Security defenses are also designed to ensure regional and 

global territorial security. To this end, Japan is responsible for the responsibility of the alliance under 

the accompanying economic growth. The role of the role and play the role of the role is born. To this 

end, under the premise of Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution and the security of the United States 

and Japan, The traditional weapons attack and the “grey state of affairs” that are neither wartime nor 

normal, the Japanese strategy and policy have been playing a more active role. 

 

 

Figure 2. Security Assurance Strategy Organization Structure 

 

 



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Figure 3. Relationship between National Security Strategy, Defense Outline, and Medium-Term 

Defense 

 

3.2 National Defense Strategy under the National Security Strategy 

The national defense strategy is based on the national security strategy. From the perspective of active 

pacifism, it strengthens its diplomatic strength, defense and other capabilities, and strives to expand its 

role in the region and internationally. In addition, on the basis of the Japan-US alliance, it will work 

closely with foreign policy. The US-Japan security treaty is the foundation of Japan’s security 

guarantees. The US-Japan alliance centered on the US-Japan security system can stabilize security in 

the Asia-Pacific region. In addition, according to the India-Pacific strategy in the Asia-Pacific region, 

the United States is strengthening its cooperation with Japan and other allies by maintaining and 

strengthening its presence in the region, promoting security and stability in the region, and expanding 

and deepening cooperation with countries. 

In addition, Japan is striving to establish a comprehensive defense system and an organizational 

structure that integrates mobile defense to strengthen prevention and response to various situations and 

to protect territorial, territorial and airspace security. According to the Japanese Constitution, Japan 

implements the basic policy of defending itself, and it will never become a military power that 

constitutes a threat to other countries, and it must abide by the three principles of literati leadership and 

non-nuclear. In response to the threat of nuclear weapons, the nuclear suppression provided by the 

United States is absolutely indispensable, and the ballistic missile defense is achieved through Japan’s 

own defense forces to ensure the safety of national life and property. 

3.3 National Military Strategy under the National Defense Strategy 

In accordance with the guidance of the Japanese military strategy, when military conflicts are likely to 

occur, it is extremely important to grasp the signs of war in advance. The troops must complete the 

deployment and concentration before the enemy launches the attack, and integrate the army, sea and air 

forces to obtain local advantages and attack the invading enemy. However, from the source of the 

conflict, if the military forces have a certain deterrent, the enemy will not dare to open the war easily. 

Therefore, judging from Japan’s current defense system, in the face of increasingly severe peripheral 

threats, the existing Japanese defense force is not enough to deter the enemy from creating conflicts. 



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Therefore, it is urgent to provide nuclear suppression and conventional force through the United States 

to strengthen from peacetime to the deterrent and response capabilities of all stages of an emergency 

are also a very important part of the US-Japan security treaty in the Japanese defense system. 

In the ballistic missile defense section, Japan’s current ballistic missile defense system is equipped with 

the SM-3 Block IA air defense missile as the high-altitude interception of the ballistic missile cruise 

phase, and the Patriot PAC-3 air defense missile system is responsible for the ballistic missile. Return 

to the final stage of the atmosphere, and the automatic warning and control system (JADGE) integrates 

ballistic missile protection to effectively implement multi-layer defense. In order to reduce the burden 

of the Aegis ship, the future defense province will build a land-based Aegis system to strengthen the 

ballistic missile protection. 

 

 

Figure 4. BMD Preparation and Application Concept 

 



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Figure 5. Warning of the Surrounding Sea Area 

 

4. Conclusions and Future Study 

During the Second World War, the Japanese army launched the Pearl Harbor attack on December 8, 

1941, which caused an unprecedented blow to the US Navy. Despite the temporary victory, but 

ultimately ended in defeat, and after being restricted by the Allies after the war, the Japanese 

Constitution clearly has no other military forces capable of launching armed attacks except for the 

purpose of self-defense, but despite the current situation The same country has now reverted to a 

regional power with strong military force in the world. On the contrary, due to this restriction, there is 

still a theory that the Japanese armed forces may be stronger than the Japanese army in the past, 

because some analysts believe that After the post-war constitution gave up the right to launch war, 

Japan did not need to budget for attacking weapons, so concentrate on strengthening the development 

of defense capabilities. The most successful example is the Japanese submarine. Since the 1950s, the 

Japanese government has been carefully investing in submarine development and improving 

technology. But unlike US Navy submarines equipped with ground-attack missiles, Japanese 

submarines only need to pay attention to underwater defenses, thus significantly reducing cost and 

R&D complexity. 

It can be known from the above successful cases that clear strategic guidance can make the country 

exert its maximum effectiveness under limited resources and budget. Therefore, through the discussion 

of this article, we can understand Japan, which is a maritime country with Taiwan. Under the same or 

similar threats, Japan’s defense system and strategic direction, as Taiwan’s future development, take the 

opportunity to determine its own future, and can make greater contributions to peace and security in the 

Asia-Pacific region, prosper and develop the values of freedom and democracy. 

 

Conflicts of Interest  

The author(s) report(s) no conflict(s) of interest(s). The author along are responsible for content and 



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writing of the paper. 

 

References  

John, K. E. (1967). Japan, Eye on 1970. Foreign Affairs, 47(2), 348-362. 

Lewis, W. M., Yopp, J. H., & Schramm, J. H. L. (1978). Use of hydroponics to maintain quality of 

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92-99. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1978)107<92:UOHTMQ>2.0.CO;2 

Martin, E. W. (1972). Strategic Thought and the U.S.-Japan Alliance. In J. W. Morley (Ed.), Forecast 

for Japan: Security in the 1970s (pp. 35-84). Princeton: Princeton University Press. 

Randall, L. S. (1994). Bandwagoning for Profit: Bringing the Revisionist State Back. International 

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Read, P., & Fernandes, T. (2003). Management of environmental impacts of marine aquaculture in 

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