id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
efajoead-12836	1	1	english	english	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	2	franca	franca	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	3	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	1	4	journal	journal	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	5	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	1	6	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	1	7	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	8	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	1	9	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	10	doi	doi	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	11	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	12	10.29240	10.29240	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	13	/	/	SYM
efajoead-12836	1	14	ef.v9i1	ef.v9i1	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	15	may.12836	may.12836	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	16	http://journal.iaincurup.ac.id/index.php/english/index	http://journal.iaincurup.ac.id/index.php/english/index	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	17	pissn	pissn	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	18	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	19	2580	2580	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	20	-	-	SYM
efajoead-12836	1	21	3670	3670	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	22	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	23	eissn:2580	eissn:2580	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	24	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	25	3689	3689	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	26	;	;	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	27	vol	vol	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	28	.	.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	29	9	9	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	30	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	31	no	no	INTJ
efajoead-12836	1	32	.	.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	33	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	34	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	35	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	36	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	37	page	page	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	38	153	153	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	39	-	-	SYM
efajoead-12836	1	40	162	162	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	41	article	article	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	42	info	info	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	43	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	44	http://journal.iaincurup.ac.id/index.php/english	http://journal.iaincurup.ac.id/index.php/english	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	45	received	receive	VERB
efajoead-12836	1	46	21	21	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	47	january	january	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	48	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	49	;	;	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	50	received	receive	VERB
efajoead-12836	1	51	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	1	52	revised	revise	VERB
efajoead-12836	1	53	form	form	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	54	08	08	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	55	april	april	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	56	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	57	;	;	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	58	accepted	accept	VERB
efajoead-12836	1	59	10	10	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	60	may	may	AUX
efajoead-12836	1	61	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	1	62	published	publish	VERB
efajoead-12836	1	63	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	1	64	institut	institut	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	65	agama	agama	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	66	islam	islam	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	67	negeri	negeri	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	68	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	69	iain	iain	PROPN
efajoead-12836	1	70	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	71	curup	curup	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	72	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	1	73	behalf	behalf	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	74	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	1	75	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	1	76	franca	franca	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	77	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	1	78	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	1	79	journal	journal	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	80	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	1	81	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	1	82	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	83	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	1	84	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	1	85	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	1	this	this	PRON
efajoead-12836	2	2	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	2	3	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	2	4	open	open	ADJ
efajoead-12836	2	5	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	6	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	7	article	article	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	8	under	under	ADP
efajoead-12836	2	9	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	2	10	cc	cc	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	11	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	2	12	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	13	sa	sa	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	14	license	license	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	15	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	2	16	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	17	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	2	18	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	19	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	20	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	2	21	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	22	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	2	23	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	2	24	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	25	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	26	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	2	27	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	2	28	literature	literature	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	29	fauziyatul	fauziyatul	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	30	uzma¹	uzma¹	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	31	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	32	siti	siti	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	33	drivoka	drivoka	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	34	sulistyaningrum²	sulistyaningrum²	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	35	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	36	ratna	ratna	ADJ
efajoead-12836	2	37	dewanti³	dewanti³	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	38	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	2	39	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	2	40	3	3	NUM
efajoead-12836	2	41	universitas	universita	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	42	negeri	negeri	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	43	jakarta	jakarta	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	44	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	45	jakarta	jakarta	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	46	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	47	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	48	corresponding	corresponding	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	49	email	email	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	50	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	51	fauziyatuluzma_1212821020@mhs.unj.ac.id	fauziyatuluzma_1212821020@mhs.unj.ac.id	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	52	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	2	53	cite	cite	VERB
efajoead-12836	2	54	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	2	55	article	article	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	56	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	57	fauziyatul	fauziyatul	NOUN
efajoead-12836	2	58	uzma	uzma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	59	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	60	sulistyaningrum	sulistyaningrum	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	61	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	62	s.	s.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	63	d.	d.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	64	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	65	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	2	66	dewanti	dewanti	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	67	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	68	r.	r.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	2	69	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	70	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	2	71	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	2	72	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	3	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	3	2	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	3	3	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	3	4	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	3	5	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	3	6	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	3	7	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	3	8	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	3	9	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	3	10	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	3	11	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	3	12	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	3	13	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	3	14	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	3	15	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	4	1	english	english	PROPN
efajoead-12836	4	2	franca	franca	NOUN
efajoead-12836	4	3	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	4	4	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	4	5	journal	journal	NOUN
efajoead-12836	4	6	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	4	7	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	4	8	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	4	9	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	4	10	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	4	11	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	4	12	9(1	9(1	NUM
efajoead-12836	4	13	may	may	NOUN
efajoead-12836	4	14	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	4	15	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	5	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
efajoead-12836	5	2	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	5	3	https://doi.org/10.29240/ef.v9i1	https://doi.org/10.29240/ef.v9i1	PROPN
efajoead-12836	5	4	may.12836	may.12836	PROPN
efajoead-12836	5	5	introduction	introduction	NOUN
efajoead-12836	5	6	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	5	7	rapid	rapid	ADJ
efajoead-12836	5	8	evolution	evolution	NOUN
efajoead-12836	5	9	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	5	10	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	5	11	driven	drive	VERB
efajoead-12836	5	12	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	5	13	advances	advance	NOUN
efajoead-12836	5	14	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	5	15	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	5	16	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	5	17	growing	grow	VERB
efajoead-12836	5	18	interconnectedness	interconnectedness	NOUN
efajoead-12836	5	19	has	have	AUX
efajoead-12836	5	20	created	create	VERB
efajoead-12836	5	21	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	5	22	need	need	NOUN
efajoead-12836	5	23	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	5	24	innovative	innovative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	5	25	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	5	26	methods	method	NOUN
efajoead-12836	5	27	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	6	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	6	2	advent	advent	NOUN
efajoead-12836	6	3	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	6	4	new	new	ADJ
efajoead-12836	6	5	educational	educational	ADJ
efajoead-12836	6	6	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
efajoead-12836	6	7	has	have	AUX
efajoead-12836	6	8	made	make	VERB
efajoead-12836	6	9	conventional	conventional	ADJ
efajoead-12836	6	10	modes	mode	NOUN
efajoead-12836	6	11	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	6	12	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	6	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	6	14	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	6	15	primarily	primarily	ADV
efajoead-12836	6	16	rely	rely	VERB
efajoead-12836	6	17	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	6	18	memorization	memorization	NOUN
efajoead-12836	6	19	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	6	20	passive	passive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	6	21	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	6	22	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	6	23	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
efajoead-12836	6	24	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	6	25	equipping	equip	VERB
efajoead-12836	6	26	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	6	27	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	6	28	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	6	29	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	6	30	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	6	31	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	6	32	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	6	33	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	6	34	21st	21st	ADJ
efajoead-12836	6	35	century	century	NOUN
efajoead-12836	6	36	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	1	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	7	2	building	build	VERB
efajoead-12836	7	3	essential	essential	ADJ
efajoead-12836	7	4	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	7	5	such	such	ADJ
efajoead-12836	7	6	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	7	7	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	7	8	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	7	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	10	creativity	creativity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	7	11	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	12	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	7	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	14	communication	communication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	7	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	16	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	7	17	self	self	NOUN
efajoead-12836	7	18	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	19	directed	direct	VERB
efajoead-12836	7	20	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	7	21	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	22	aeni	aeni	PROPN
efajoead-12836	7	23	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	7	24	apriani	apriani	PROPN
efajoead-12836	7	25	;	;	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	26	2022	2022	NUM
efajoead-12836	7	27	;	;	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	28	trilling	trilling	NOUN
efajoead-12836	7	29	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	7	30	fadel	fadel	PROPN
efajoead-12836	7	31	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	32	2009b	2009b	NUM
efajoead-12836	7	33	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	34	;	;	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	35	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	36	world	world	PROPN
efajoead-12836	7	37	economic	economic	PROPN
efajoead-12836	7	38	forum	forum	PROPN
efajoead-12836	7	39	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	40	2020	2020	NUM
efajoead-12836	7	41	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	42	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	7	43	matters	matter	VERB
efajoead-12836	7	44	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	7	45	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	7	46	fast	fast	ADV
efajoead-12836	7	47	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	48	paced	pace	VERB
efajoead-12836	7	49	global	global	ADJ
efajoead-12836	7	50	world	world	NOUN
efajoead-12836	7	51	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	7	52	modern	modern	ADJ
efajoead-12836	7	53	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	7	54	has	have	VERB
efajoead-12836	7	55	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	7	56	focus	focus	VERB
efajoead-12836	7	57	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	7	58	this	this	PRON
efajoead-12836	7	59	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	8	1	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	8	2	meet	meet	VERB
efajoead-12836	8	3	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	8	4	need	need	NOUN
efajoead-12836	8	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	8	6	we	we	PRON
efajoead-12836	8	7	have	have	AUX
efajoead-12836	8	8	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
efajoead-12836	8	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	8	10	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	8	11	educators	educator	NOUN
efajoead-12836	8	12	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	8	13	researchers	researcher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	8	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	8	15	turned	turn	VERB
efajoead-12836	8	16	our	our	PRON
efajoead-12836	8	17	attention	attention	NOUN
efajoead-12836	8	18	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	8	19	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	8	20	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	8	21	centred	centre	VERB
efajoead-12836	8	22	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	8	23	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
efajoead-12836	8	24	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	9	1	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	9	2	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	9	3	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	9	4	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	9	5	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	9	6	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	9	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	9	8	one	one	NUM
efajoead-12836	9	9	such	such	ADJ
efajoead-12836	9	10	model	model	NOUN
efajoead-12836	9	11	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	9	12	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	9	13	emerges	emerge	VERB
efajoead-12836	9	14	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	9	15	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	9	16	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	9	17	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
efajoead-12836	9	18	shift	shift	NOUN
efajoead-12836	9	19	away	away	ADV
efajoead-12836	9	20	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	9	21	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	9	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	9	23	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	9	24	centered	center	VERB
efajoead-12836	9	25	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
efajoead-12836	9	26	into	into	ADP
efajoead-12836	9	27	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	9	28	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	9	29	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	9	30	centered	center	VERB
efajoead-12836	9	31	paradigm4	paradigm4	NOUN
efajoead-12836	9	32	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	9	33	barrows	barrow	NOUN
efajoead-12836	9	34	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	9	35	tamblyn	tamblyn	NOUN
efajoead-12836	9	36	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	9	37	1980	1980	NUM
efajoead-12836	9	38	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	9	39	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	10	1	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	10	2	was	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	10	3	first	first	ADV
efajoead-12836	10	4	developed	develop	VERB
efajoead-12836	10	5	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	10	6	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	10	7	context	context	NOUN
efajoead-12836	10	8	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	10	9	medical	medical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	10	10	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	10	11	but	but	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	10	12	has	have	AUX
efajoead-12836	10	13	been	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	10	14	adapted	adapt	VERB
efajoead-12836	10	15	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	10	16	several	several	ADJ
efajoead-12836	10	17	disciplines	discipline	NOUN
efajoead-12836	10	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	10	19	including	include	VERB
efajoead-12836	10	20	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	10	21	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	10	22	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	10	23	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	11	1	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	11	2	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	11	3	approach	approach	NOUN
efajoead-12836	11	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	11	5	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	11	6	work	work	VERB
efajoead-12836	11	7	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	11	8	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	11	9	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	11	10	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	11	11	tasks	task	NOUN
efajoead-12836	11	12	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	11	13	mimic	mimic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	11	14	situations	situation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	11	15	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	11	16	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	11	17	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	11	18	world	world	NOUN
efajoead-12836	11	19	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	11	20	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	11	21	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	11	22	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	11	23	encouraged	encourage	VERB
efajoead-12836	11	24	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	11	25	use	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	11	26	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	11	27	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	11	28	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	11	29	authentic	authentic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	11	30	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	11	31	applicable	applicable	ADJ
efajoead-12836	11	32	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	11	33	their	their	PRON
efajoead-12836	11	34	lives	life	NOUN
efajoead-12836	11	35	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	12	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	12	2	hmelo	hmelo	NOUN
efajoead-12836	12	3	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	12	4	silver	silver	NOUN
efajoead-12836	12	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	12	6	2004);(richards	2004);(richards	NUM
efajoead-12836	12	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	12	8	2014	2014	NUM
efajoead-12836	12	9	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	12	10	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	13	1	abstract	abstract	ADJ
efajoead-12836	13	2	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	14	1	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	14	2	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	14	3	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	14	5	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	14	6	authors	author	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	7	explore	explore	VERB
efajoead-12836	14	8	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	14	9	evolution	evolution	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	10	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	14	11	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	12	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	14	13	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	14	14	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	15	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	14	16	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	14	17	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	14	18	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	14	19	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	14	20	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	21	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	22	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	14	23	its	its	PRON
efajoead-12836	14	24	substantial	substantial	ADJ
efajoead-12836	14	25	contribution	contribution	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	26	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	14	27	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	28	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	29	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	14	30	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	14	31	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	32	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	14	33	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	14	34	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	35	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	14	36	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	15	1	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	15	2	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	15	3	evolving	evolve	VERB
efajoead-12836	15	4	at	at	ADP
efajoead-12836	15	5	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	15	6	fast	fast	ADJ
efajoead-12836	15	7	pace	pace	NOUN
efajoead-12836	15	8	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	15	9	world	world	NOUN
efajoead-12836	15	10	becoming	become	VERB
efajoead-12836	15	11	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	15	12	global	global	ADJ
efajoead-12836	15	13	village	village	NOUN
efajoead-12836	15	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	15	15	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	15	16	conventional	conventional	ADJ
efajoead-12836	15	17	means	mean	NOUN
efajoead-12836	15	18	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	15	19	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	15	20	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	15	21	slowly	slowly	ADV
efajoead-12836	15	22	dying	die	VERB
efajoead-12836	15	23	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	15	24	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	15	25	not	not	PART
efajoead-12836	15	26	enough	enough	ADJ
efajoead-12836	15	27	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	15	28	prepare	prepare	VERB
efajoead-12836	15	29	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	15	30	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	15	31	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	15	32	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	15	33	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	15	34	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	15	35	21st	21st	ADJ
efajoead-12836	15	36	century	century	NOUN
efajoead-12836	15	37	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	16	1	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	16	2	response	response	NOUN
efajoead-12836	16	3	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	16	4	these	these	DET
efajoead-12836	16	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	16	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	16	7	project	project	NOUN
efajoead-12836	16	8	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	16	9	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	16	10	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	16	11	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	16	12	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	16	13	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	16	14	has	have	AUX
efajoead-12836	16	15	mature	mature	VERB
efajoead-12836	16	16	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	16	17	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	16	18	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	16	19	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	16	20	centered	center	VERB
efajoead-12836	16	21	approach	approach	NOUN
efajoead-12836	16	22	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	16	23	promotes	promote	VERB
efajoead-12836	16	24	relevant	relevant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	16	25	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	16	26	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	16	27	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	16	28	world	world	NOUN
efajoead-12836	16	29	problems	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	16	30	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	16	31	tasks	task	NOUN
efajoead-12836	16	32	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	16	33	active	active	ADJ
efajoead-12836	16	34	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	16	35	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	16	36	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	16	37	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	16	38	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	17	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	17	2	corresponding	correspond	VERB
efajoead-12836	17	3	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	4	brings	bring	VERB
efajoead-12836	17	5	together	together	ADV
efajoead-12836	17	6	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	7	published	publish	VERB
efajoead-12836	17	8	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	17	9	1980	1980	NUM
efajoead-12836	17	10	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	17	11	2024	2024	NUM
efajoead-12836	17	12	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	17	13	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
efajoead-12836	17	14	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	17	15	period	period	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	16	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	17	17	2019–2024	2019–2024	NUM
efajoead-12836	17	18	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	17	19	employing	employ	VERB
efajoead-12836	17	20	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	17	21	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	22	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	17	23	three	three	NUM
efajoead-12836	17	24	main	main	ADJ
efajoead-12836	17	25	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	26	emerged	emerge	VERB
efajoead-12836	17	27	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	17	28	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	17	29	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	30	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	17	31	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	17	32	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	17	33	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	34	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	35	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	17	36	developing	develop	VERB
efajoead-12836	17	37	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	17	38	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	39	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	40	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	17	41	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	42	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	17	43	implementing	implement	VERB
efajoead-12836	17	44	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	45	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	17	46	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	17	47	technological	technological	ADJ
efajoead-12836	17	48	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	17	49	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	18	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	18	2	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	18	3	shows	show	VERB
efajoead-12836	18	4	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	18	5	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	18	6	leads	lead	VERB
efajoead-12836	18	7	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	18	8	higher	high	ADJ
efajoead-12836	18	9	levels	level	NOUN
efajoead-12836	18	10	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	18	11	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	18	12	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	18	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	18	14	especially	especially	ADV
efajoead-12836	18	15	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	18	16	speaking	speaking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	18	17	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	18	18	writing	writing	NOUN
efajoead-12836	18	19	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	18	20	promotes	promote	VERB
efajoead-12836	18	21	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	18	22	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	18	23	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	18	24	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	18	25	increases	increase	VERB
efajoead-12836	18	26	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	18	27	among	among	ADP
efajoead-12836	18	28	learners	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	18	29	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	19	1	however	however	ADV
efajoead-12836	19	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	19	3	many	many	ADJ
efajoead-12836	19	4	barriers	barrier	NOUN
efajoead-12836	19	5	exist	exist	VERB
efajoead-12836	19	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	19	7	including	include	VERB
efajoead-12836	19	8	lack	lack	NOUN
efajoead-12836	19	9	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	19	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	19	11	preparation	preparation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	19	12	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	19	13	limited	limited	ADJ
efajoead-12836	19	14	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	19	15	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	19	16	materials	material	NOUN
efajoead-12836	19	17	availability	availability	NOUN
efajoead-12836	19	18	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	20	1	finally	finally	ADV
efajoead-12836	20	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	20	3	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	20	4	paper	paper	NOUN
efajoead-12836	20	5	concludes	conclude	VERB
efajoead-12836	20	6	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	20	7	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	20	8	potential	potential	NOUN
efajoead-12836	20	9	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	20	10	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	20	11	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	20	12	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	20	13	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	20	14	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	20	15	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	20	16	maximized	maximize	VERB
efajoead-12836	20	17	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	20	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	20	19	training	training	NOUN
efajoead-12836	20	20	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	20	21	curricular	curricular	ADJ
efajoead-12836	20	22	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
efajoead-12836	20	23	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	20	24	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	20	25	equitable	equitable	ADJ
efajoead-12836	20	26	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	20	27	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	20	28	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	20	29	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	2	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	3	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	4	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	5	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	21	6	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	8	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	21	9	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	10	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	11	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	12	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	21	13	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	15	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	16	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	18	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	19	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	20	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	21	technological	technological	ADJ
efajoead-12836	21	22	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	23	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	24	21st	21st	ADJ
efajoead-12836	21	25	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	26	century	century	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	27	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	28	file:///d:/eka%20a	file:///d:/eka%20a	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	29	/	/	SYM
efajoead-12836	21	30	english%20franca	english%20franca	VERB
efajoead-12836	21	31	/	/	SYM
efajoead-12836	21	32	ef%20vol%209%20no%201%20tahun%202025	ef%20vol%209%20no%201%20tahun%202025	PROPN
efajoead-12836	21	33	/	/	SYM
efajoead-12836	21	34	paper%20word%20doc	paper%20word%20doc	PROPN
efajoead-12836	21	35	/	/	SYM
efajoead-12836	21	36	cccccc	cccccc	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	37	https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/2580-3670	https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/2580-3670	VERB
efajoead-12836	21	38	https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/2580-3670	https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/2580-3670	PROPN
efajoead-12836	21	39	http://journal.iaincurup.ac.id/index.php/english	http://journal.iaincurup.ac.id/index.php/english	X
efajoead-12836	21	40	mailto:fauziyatuluzma_1212821020@mhs.unj.ac.id	mailto:fauziyatuluzma_1212821020@mhs.unj.ac.id	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	41	https://doi.org/10.29240/ef.v9i1%20may.12836	https://doi.org/10.29240/ef.v9i1%20may.12836	NUM
efajoead-12836	21	42	fauziyatul	fauziyatul	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	43	uzma	uzma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	21	44	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	45	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	21	46	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	21	47	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	21	48	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	49	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	21	50	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	21	51	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	52	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	21	53	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	54	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	21	55	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	21	56	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	57	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	21	58	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	21	59	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	60	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	61	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	21	62	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	21	63	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	21	64	154	154	NUM
efajoead-12836	22	1	|	|	NOUN
efajoead-12836	22	2	v	v	ADP
efajoead-12836	22	3	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	22	4	l	l	NOUN
efajoead-12836	22	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	23	1	9	9	NUM
efajoead-12836	23	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	23	3	n	n	NOUN
efajoead-12836	23	4	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	23	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	24	1	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	24	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	24	3	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	24	4	0	0	NUM
efajoead-12836	24	5	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	24	6	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	24	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	24	8	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	24	9	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	24	10	3	3	NUM
efajoead-12836	24	11	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	24	12	6	6	NUM
efajoead-12836	24	13	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	24	14	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	24	15	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	24	16	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	24	17	has	have	VERB
efajoead-12836	24	18	significant	significant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	24	19	implications	implication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	24	20	regarding	regard	VERB
efajoead-12836	24	21	how	how	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	24	22	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	24	23	collates	collate	VERB
efajoead-12836	24	24	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	24	25	assesses	assess	VERB
efajoead-12836	24	26	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	24	27	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	24	28	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	24	29	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	24	30	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	24	31	english	english	PROPN
efajoead-12836	24	32	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	24	33	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	24	34	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	24	35	recent	recent	ADJ
efajoead-12836	24	36	years	year	NOUN
efajoead-12836	24	37	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	25	1	while	while	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	25	2	existing	existing	ADJ
efajoead-12836	25	3	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	4	have	have	AUX
efajoead-12836	25	5	reported	report	VERB
efajoead-12836	25	6	positive	positive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	25	7	effects	effect	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	8	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	25	9	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	10	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	25	11	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	12	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	25	14	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	25	15	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	25	17	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	25	18	general	general	ADJ
efajoead-12836	25	19	competencies	competency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	20	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	25	21	prabowo	prabowo	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	22	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	25	23	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	25	24	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	25	25	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	25	26	2021	2021	NUM
efajoead-12836	25	27	;	;	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	25	28	orhan	orhan	PROPN
efajoead-12836	25	29	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	25	30	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	25	31	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	25	32	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	25	33	little	little	ADJ
efajoead-12836	25	34	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	25	35	known	know	VERB
efajoead-12836	25	36	about	about	ADP
efajoead-12836	25	37	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	25	38	long	long	ADJ
efajoead-12836	25	39	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	25	40	term	term	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	41	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	42	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	25	43	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	44	practices	practice	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	45	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	25	46	contextual	contextual	ADJ
efajoead-12836	25	47	factors	factor	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	48	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	25	49	contribute	contribute	VERB
efajoead-12836	25	50	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	25	51	its	its	PRON
efajoead-12836	25	52	successful	successful	ADJ
efajoead-12836	25	53	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	25	54	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	26	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
efajoead-12836	26	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	26	3	although	although	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	26	4	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	26	5	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	26	6	into	into	ADP
efajoead-12836	26	7	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	26	8	has	have	AUX
efajoead-12836	26	9	received	receive	VERB
efajoead-12836	26	10	significant	significant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	26	11	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	26	12	attention	attention	NOUN
efajoead-12836	26	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	26	14	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	26	15	varying	vary	VERB
efajoead-12836	26	16	availability	availability	NOUN
efajoead-12836	26	17	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	26	18	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	26	19	resources	resource	NOUN
efajoead-12836	26	20	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	26	21	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	26	22	’	'	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	26	23	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	26	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	26	25	’	'	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	26	26	heterogeneous	heterogeneous	ADJ
efajoead-12836	26	27	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	26	28	competencies	competency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	26	29	can	can	AUX
efajoead-12836	26	30	impede	impede	VERB
efajoead-12836	26	31	effective	effective	ADJ
efajoead-12836	26	32	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	26	33	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	26	34	jaleniauskiene	jaleniauskiene	NOUN
efajoead-12836	26	35	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	26	36	lisaite	lisaite	ADJ
efajoead-12836	26	37	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	26	38	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	26	39	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	26	40	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	27	1	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	27	2	fill	fill	VERB
efajoead-12836	27	3	these	these	DET
efajoead-12836	27	4	gaps	gap	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	27	6	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	27	7	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	8	will	will	AUX
efajoead-12836	27	9	provide	provide	VERB
efajoead-12836	27	10	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	27	11	extensive	extensive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	27	12	overview	overview	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	13	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	27	14	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	27	15	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	16	use	use	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	17	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	27	18	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	27	19	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	20	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	21	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	27	22	exploring	explore	VERB
efajoead-12836	27	23	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	27	24	history	history	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	25	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	27	26	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	27	27	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	27	28	english	english	PROPN
efajoead-12836	27	29	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	30	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	31	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	27	32	consider	consider	VERB
efajoead-12836	27	33	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	27	34	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	35	affecting	affect	VERB
efajoead-12836	27	36	its	its	PRON
efajoead-12836	27	37	adoption	adoption	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	38	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	27	39	mini	mini	ADJ
efajoead-12836	27	40	cases	case	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	41	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	27	42	highlight	highlight	VERB
efajoead-12836	27	43	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	27	44	technologies	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	45	supporting	support	VERB
efajoead-12836	27	46	current	current	ADJ
efajoead-12836	27	47	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	27	48	future	future	ADJ
efajoead-12836	27	49	practice	practice	NOUN
efajoead-12836	27	50	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	28	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	28	2	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	28	3	employs	employ	VERB
efajoead-12836	28	4	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	28	5	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	28	6	library	library	NOUN
efajoead-12836	28	7	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	28	8	design	design	NOUN
efajoead-12836	28	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	28	10	choosing	choose	VERB
efajoead-12836	28	11	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	28	12	articles	article	NOUN
efajoead-12836	28	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	28	14	books	book	NOUN
efajoead-12836	28	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	28	16	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	28	17	other	other	ADJ
efajoead-12836	28	18	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
efajoead-12836	28	19	sources	source	NOUN
efajoead-12836	28	20	published	publish	VERB
efajoead-12836	28	21	between	between	ADP
efajoead-12836	28	22	1980	1980	NUM
efajoead-12836	28	23	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	28	24	2024	2024	NUM
efajoead-12836	28	25	while	while	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	28	26	highlighting	highlight	VERB
efajoead-12836	28	27	recent	recent	ADJ
efajoead-12836	28	28	contributions	contribution	NOUN
efajoead-12836	28	29	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	28	30	2019	2019	NUM
efajoead-12836	28	31	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	28	32	2024	2024	NUM
efajoead-12836	28	33	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	29	1	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	29	2	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	29	3	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	29	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	29	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	29	6	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	29	7	work	work	NOUN
efajoead-12836	29	8	maps	map	VERB
efajoead-12836	29	9	out	out	ADP
efajoead-12836	29	10	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	29	11	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	29	12	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	29	13	provide	provide	VERB
efajoead-12836	29	14	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	29	15	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	29	16	overview	overview	NOUN
efajoead-12836	29	17	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	29	18	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	29	19	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	29	20	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	29	21	continuation	continuation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	29	22	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	29	23	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	29	24	throughout	throughout	ADP
efajoead-12836	29	25	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	29	26	field	field	NOUN
efajoead-12836	29	27	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	29	28	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	29	29	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	29	30	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	29	31	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	30	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	30	2	sources	source	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	3	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	30	4	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	30	5	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	6	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	30	7	selected	select	VERB
efajoead-12836	30	8	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	30	9	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	30	10	systematic	systematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	30	11	review	review	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	12	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	30	13	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	30	14	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	30	16	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	30	17	aimed	aim	VERB
efajoead-12836	30	18	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	30	19	aggregate	aggregate	VERB
efajoead-12836	30	20	peer	peer	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	21	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	30	22	reviewed	review	VERB
efajoead-12836	30	23	sources	source	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	24	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	30	25	make	make	VERB
efajoead-12836	30	26	significant	significant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	30	27	contributions	contribution	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	28	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	30	29	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	30	30	understanding	understanding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	31	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	30	32	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	33	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	30	34	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	30	35	field	field	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	36	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	30	37	foreign	foreign	ADJ
efajoead-12836	30	38	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	39	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	40	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	30	41	specifically	specifically	ADV
efajoead-12836	30	42	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	30	43	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	30	44	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	45	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	30	46	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	31	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	31	2	articles	article	NOUN
efajoead-12836	31	3	used	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	31	4	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	31	5	selected	select	VERB
efajoead-12836	31	6	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	31	7	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	31	8	grounds	ground	NOUN
efajoead-12836	31	9	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	31	10	their	their	PRON
efajoead-12836	31	11	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	31	12	reliability	reliability	NOUN
efajoead-12836	31	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	31	14	relevance	relevance	NOUN
efajoead-12836	31	15	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	31	16	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	31	17	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	31	18	questions	question	NOUN
efajoead-12836	31	19	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	31	20	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	31	21	focus	focus	VERB
efajoead-12836	31	22	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	31	23	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	31	24	application	application	NOUN
efajoead-12836	31	25	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	31	26	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	31	27	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	31	28	contexts	contexts	NOUN
efajoead-12836	31	29	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	32	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	32	2	selection	selection	NOUN
efajoead-12836	32	3	criteria	criterion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	32	4	employed	employ	VERB
efajoead-12836	32	5	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	32	6	stringent	stringent	ADJ
efajoead-12836	32	7	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	32	8	warrant	warrant	VERB
efajoead-12836	32	9	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	32	10	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	32	11	identified	identify	VERB
efajoead-12836	32	12	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	32	13	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	32	14	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	32	15	high	high	ADJ
efajoead-12836	32	16	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	32	17	integrity	integrity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	32	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	32	19	mostly	mostly	ADV
efajoead-12836	32	20	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	32	21	peer	peer	NOUN
efajoead-12836	32	22	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	32	23	reviewed	review	VERB
efajoead-12836	32	24	journals	journal	NOUN
efajoead-12836	32	25	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	32	26	conference	conference	NOUN
efajoead-12836	32	27	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	32	28	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	32	29	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	32	30	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
efajoead-12836	32	31	books	book	NOUN
efajoead-12836	32	32	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	1	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	2	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	3	braun	braun	PROPN
efajoead-12836	33	4	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	5	clarke	clarke	PROPN
efajoead-12836	33	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	7	2006a	2006a	NUM
efajoead-12836	33	8	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	9	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	11	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	33	12	procedure	procedure	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	13	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	14	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	17	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	33	18	followed	follow	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	19	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	20	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	33	21	involved	involve	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	22	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	23	all	all	DET
efajoead-12836	33	24	stages	stage	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	25	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	26	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	33	27	process	process	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	28	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	33	29	systematically	systematically	ADV
efajoead-12836	33	30	carried	carry	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	31	out	out	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	32	:	:	SYM
efajoead-12836	33	33	1	1	X
efajoead-12836	33	34	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	35	use	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	36	strategic	strategic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	37	reading	reading	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	38	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	39	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	40	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	41	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	42	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	43	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	44	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	45	over	over	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	46	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	47	over	over	ADV
efajoead-12836	33	48	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	33	49	familiarize	familiarize	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	50	oneself	oneself	PRON
efajoead-12836	33	51	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	52	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	33	53	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	54	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	55	reading	reading	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	56	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	57	2	2	X
efajoead-12836	33	58	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	59	level	level	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	60	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	61	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	62	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	63	commentary	commentary	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	64	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	65	categorical	categorical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	66	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	67	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	68	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	69	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	70	):	):	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	71	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	72	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	33	73	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	74	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	75	each	each	DET
efajoead-12836	33	76	transcript	transcript	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	77	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	78	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	33	79	accompanying	accompanying	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	80	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	81	notes	note	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	82	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	33	83	opened	open	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	84	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	85	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	33	86	text	text	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	87	editor	editor	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	88	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	89	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
efajoead-12836	33	90	read	read	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	91	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	92	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	33	93	textual	textual	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	94	coding	code	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	95	bubble	bubble	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	96	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	97	initial	initial	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	98	coding	coding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	99	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	100	3	3	X
efajoead-12836	33	101	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	102	theme	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	103	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	104	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	105	this	this	PRON
efajoead-12836	33	106	involved	involved	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	107	consolidating	consolidate	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	108	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	33	109	codes	code	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	110	into	into	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	111	overarching	overarching	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	112	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	113	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	33	114	represented	represent	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	115	common	common	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	116	patterns	pattern	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	117	throughout	throughout	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	118	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	33	119	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	120	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	121	including	include	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	122	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	123	like	like	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	124	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	125	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	126	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	127	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	128	increased	increase	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	129	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	130	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	131	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	132	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	133	technological	technological	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	134	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	135	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	136	4	4	X
efajoead-12836	33	137	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	138	reflection	reflection	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	139	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	140	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	141	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	142	proper	proper	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	143	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	144	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	145	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	146	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	147	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	148	this	this	PRON
efajoead-12836	33	149	ensures	ensure	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	150	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	151	identified	identify	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	152	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	153	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	33	154	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	33	155	accurate	accurate	ADJ
efajoead-12836	33	156	representation	representation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	157	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	158	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	33	159	given	give	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	160	data	datum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	161	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	162	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	163	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	33	164	speak	speak	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	165	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	166	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	33	167	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	168	questions	question	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	169	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	170	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	33	171	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	172	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	173	5	5	X
efajoead-12836	33	174	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	175	drawn	draw	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	176	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	177	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	33	178	creating	create	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	179	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	33	180	story	story	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	181	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	33	182	threads	thread	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	183	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	33	184	connection	connection	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	185	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	186	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	187	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	33	188	what	what	PRON
efajoead-12836	33	189	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	33	190	means	mean	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	191	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	33	192	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	33	193	field	field	NOUN
efajoead-12836	33	194	moving	move	VERB
efajoead-12836	33	195	forward	forward	ADV
efajoead-12836	33	196	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	34	1	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	34	2	framework	framework	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	3	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	34	4	framework	framework	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	5	constructivist	constructivist	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	6	learning	learning	PROPN
efajoead-12836	34	7	theory	theory	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	8	underpinning	underpin	VERB
efajoead-12836	34	9	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	34	10	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	11	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	34	12	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	34	13	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	34	14	framework	framework	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	15	founded	found	VERB
efajoead-12836	34	16	predominantly	predominantly	ADV
efajoead-12836	34	17	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	34	18	theories	theory	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	19	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	34	20	constructivist	constructivist	ADJ
efajoead-12836	34	21	learning	learning	PROPN
efajoead-12836	34	22	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	34	23	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	34	24	argues	argue	VERB
efajoead-12836	34	25	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	34	26	learners	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	27	build	build	VERB
efajoead-12836	34	28	their	their	PRON
efajoead-12836	34	29	understanding	understanding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	30	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	34	31	their	their	PRON
efajoead-12836	34	32	interactions	interaction	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	33	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	34	34	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	34	35	world	world	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	36	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	34	37	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	34	38	others	other	NOUN
efajoead-12836	34	39	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	35	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	35	2	piaget	piaget	NOUN
efajoead-12836	35	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	35	4	1973);(vygotsky	1973);(vygotsky	NUM
efajoead-12836	35	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	35	6	1978	1978	NUM
efajoead-12836	35	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	35	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	36	1	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	36	2	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	36	3	at	at	ADP
efajoead-12836	36	4	odds	odd	NOUN
efajoead-12836	36	5	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	36	6	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	36	7	traditional	traditional	ADJ
efajoead-12836	36	8	belief	belief	NOUN
efajoead-12836	36	9	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	36	10	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	36	11	learn	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	36	12	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	36	13	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	36	14	passive	passive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	36	15	input	input	NOUN
efajoead-12836	36	16	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	36	17	data	datum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	36	18	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	37	1	paradoxically	paradoxically	ADV
efajoead-12836	37	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	37	3	constructivism	constructivism	NOUN
efajoead-12836	37	4	claims	claim	VERB
efajoead-12836	37	5	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	37	6	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	37	7	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	37	8	occurs	occur	VERB
efajoead-12836	37	9	when	when	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	37	10	learners	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	37	11	participate	participate	VERB
efajoead-12836	37	12	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	37	13	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	37	14	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	37	15	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	37	16	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	37	17	form	form	VERB
efajoead-12836	37	18	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	37	19	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	37	20	experience	experience	NOUN
efajoead-12836	37	21	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	38	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	38	2	schunk	schunk	NOUN
efajoead-12836	38	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	38	4	2019	2019	NUM
efajoead-12836	38	5	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	38	6	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	39	1	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	39	2	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	39	3	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	39	4	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	39	5	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	39	6	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	39	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	39	8	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	39	9	one	one	NUM
efajoead-12836	39	10	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	39	11	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	39	12	many	many	ADJ
efajoead-12836	39	13	educational	educational	ADJ
efajoead-12836	39	14	approaches	approach	NOUN
efajoead-12836	39	15	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	39	16	align	align	VERB
efajoead-12836	39	17	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	39	18	constructivist	constructivist	ADJ
efajoead-12836	39	19	principles	principle	NOUN
efajoead-12836	39	20	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	40	1	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	40	2	invites	invite	VERB
efajoead-12836	40	3	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	40	4	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	40	5	solve	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	40	6	authentic	authentic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	40	7	problems	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	40	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	40	9	promoting	promote	VERB
efajoead-12836	40	10	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	40	11	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	40	12	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	40	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	40	14	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	40	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	40	16	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	40	17	reflection	reflection	NOUN
efajoead-12836	40	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	40	19	as	as	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	40	20	opposed	oppose	VERB
efajoead-12836	40	21	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	40	22	memorization	memorization	NOUN
efajoead-12836	40	23	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	40	24	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	40	25	sake	sake	NOUN
efajoead-12836	40	26	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	40	27	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	40	28	exam	exam	NOUN
efajoead-12836	40	29	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	41	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	41	2	hmelo	hmelo	NOUN
efajoead-12836	41	3	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	41	4	silver	silver	NOUN
efajoead-12836	41	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	41	6	2004	2004	NUM
efajoead-12836	41	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	41	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	42	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	42	2	hmelo	hmelo	NOUN
efajoead-12836	42	3	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	42	4	silver	silver	NOUN
efajoead-12836	42	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	42	6	2004	2004	NUM
efajoead-12836	42	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	42	8	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	42	9	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	42	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	42	11	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	42	12	learning	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	42	13	environment	environment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	42	14	becomes	become	VERB
efajoead-12836	42	15	one	one	NUM
efajoead-12836	42	16	where	where	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	42	17	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	42	18	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	42	19	engage	engage	VERB
efajoead-12836	42	20	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	42	21	authentic	authentic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	42	22	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	42	23	complex	complex	ADJ
efajoead-12836	42	24	problems	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	42	25	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	42	26	grow	grow	VERB
efajoead-12836	42	27	higher	high	ADJ
efajoead-12836	42	28	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	42	29	order	order	NOUN
efajoead-12836	42	30	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	42	31	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	42	32	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	43	1	fauziyatul	fauziyatul	NOUN
efajoead-12836	43	2	uzma	uzma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	43	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	43	4	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	43	5	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	43	6	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	43	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	43	8	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	43	9	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	43	10	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	43	11	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	43	12	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	43	13	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	43	14	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	43	15	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	43	16	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	43	17	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	43	18	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	43	19	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	43	20	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	43	21	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	43	22	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	43	23	155	155	NUM
efajoead-12836	44	1	|	|	NOUN
efajoead-12836	44	2	v	v	ADP
efajoead-12836	44	3	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	44	4	l	l	NOUN
efajoead-12836	44	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	45	1	9	9	NUM
efajoead-12836	45	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	45	3	n	n	NOUN
efajoead-12836	45	4	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	45	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	1	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	3	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	4	0	0	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	5	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	6	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	8	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	9	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	10	3	3	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	11	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	12	6	6	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	13	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	14	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	15	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	16	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	17	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	46	18	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	19	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	20	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	46	21	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	22	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	46	23	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	46	24	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	25	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	26	centered	center	VERB
efajoead-12836	46	27	approach	approach	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	28	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	46	29	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	46	30	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	31	engage	engage	VERB
efajoead-12836	46	32	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	46	33	activities	activity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	34	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	46	35	require	require	VERB
efajoead-12836	46	36	them	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	46	37	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	46	38	think	think	VERB
efajoead-12836	46	39	critically	critically	ADV
efajoead-12836	46	40	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	46	41	solve	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	46	42	problems	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	43	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	44	reflecting	reflect	VERB
efajoead-12836	46	45	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	46	46	21stcentury	21stcentury	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	47	competencies	competency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	48	embodied	embody	VERB
efajoead-12836	46	49	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	46	50	4cs	4cs	ADJ
efajoead-12836	46	51	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	52	trilling	trill	VERB
efajoead-12836	46	53	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	46	54	fadel	fadel	PROPN
efajoead-12836	46	55	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	56	2009a	2009a	NUM
efajoead-12836	46	57	):	):	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	58	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	59	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	60	communication	communication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	61	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	62	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	46	63	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	64	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	46	65	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	46	66	creativity	creativity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	46	67	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	47	1	these	these	DET
efajoead-12836	47	2	competencies	competency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	47	3	lie	lie	VERB
efajoead-12836	47	4	at	at	ADP
efajoead-12836	47	5	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	47	6	heart	heart	NOUN
efajoead-12836	47	7	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	47	8	modern	modern	ADJ
efajoead-12836	47	9	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	47	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	47	11	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	47	12	tasks	task	VERB
efajoead-12836	47	13	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	47	14	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	47	15	working	work	VERB
efajoead-12836	47	16	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	47	17	complex	complex	ADJ
efajoead-12836	47	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	47	19	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	47	20	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	47	21	world	world	NOUN
efajoead-12836	47	22	problems	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	47	23	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
efajoead-12836	48	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	3	project	project	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	4	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	5	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	48	6	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	8	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	48	9	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	10	bolsters	bolster	VERB
efajoead-12836	48	11	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	48	12	clt	clt	PROPN
efajoead-12836	48	13	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	14	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	48	15	focus	focus	VERB
efajoead-12836	48	16	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	48	17	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
efajoead-12836	48	18	communication	communication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	19	rather	rather	ADV
efajoead-12836	48	20	than	than	ADP
efajoead-12836	48	21	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	48	22	or	or	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	48	23	rote	rote	ADJ
efajoead-12836	48	24	memorization	memorization	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	25	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	48	26	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	48	27	structures	structure	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	28	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	48	29	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	48	30	given	give	VERB
efajoead-12836	48	31	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	32	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	33	richards	richard	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	34	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	35	2006	2006	NUM
efajoead-12836	48	36	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	37	communicative	communicative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	48	38	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	39	theory	theory	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	40	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	41	clt	clt	PROPN
efajoead-12836	48	42	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	43	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	44	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	48	45	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	48	46	other	other	ADJ
efajoead-12836	48	47	hand	hand	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	48	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	49	concentrates	concentrate	VERB
efajoead-12836	48	50	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	48	51	actual	actual	ADJ
efajoead-12836	48	52	use	use	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	53	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	48	54	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	55	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	48	56	context	context	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	57	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	58	so	so	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	48	59	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	48	60	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	61	participate	participate	VERB
efajoead-12836	48	62	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	48	63	activities	activity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	64	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	48	65	necessitate	necessitate	ADJ
efajoead-12836	48	66	meaning	meaning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	67	negotiation	negotiation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	68	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	69	information	information	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	70	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	71	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	72	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	48	73	argument	argument	VERB
efajoead-12836	48	74	production	production	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	75	across	across	ADP
efajoead-12836	48	76	various	various	ADJ
efajoead-12836	48	77	tasks	task	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	78	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	79	all	all	PRON
efajoead-12836	48	80	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	48	81	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	48	82	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	48	83	elements	element	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	84	essential	essential	ADJ
efajoead-12836	48	85	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	48	86	language	language	VERB
efajoead-12836	48	87	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	88	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	48	89	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	90	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	91	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	48	92	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	93	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	94	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	95	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	48	96	realms	realm	NOUN
efajoead-12836	48	97	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	49	1	constructivism	constructivism	NOUN
efajoead-12836	49	2	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	49	3	clt	clt	NOUN
efajoead-12836	49	4	together	together	ADV
efajoead-12836	49	5	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	49	6	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	49	7	context	context	NOUN
efajoead-12836	49	8	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	49	9	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	49	10	allow	allow	VERB
efajoead-12836	49	11	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	49	12	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	49	13	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	49	14	while	while	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	49	15	deepening	deepen	VERB
efajoead-12836	49	16	cognition	cognition	NOUN
efajoead-12836	49	17	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	49	18	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	49	19	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	49	20	learners	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	49	21	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	50	1	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	50	2	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	50	3	use	use	NOUN
efajoead-12836	50	4	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	50	5	such	such	ADJ
efajoead-12836	50	6	authentic	authentic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	50	7	contexts	contexts	NOUN
efajoead-12836	50	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	50	9	learners	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	50	10	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	50	11	scaffolded	scaffold	VERB
efajoead-12836	50	12	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	50	13	address	address	VERB
efajoead-12836	50	14	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	50	15	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	50	16	world	world	NOUN
efajoead-12836	50	17	problems	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	50	18	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	50	19	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	50	20	thus	thus	ADV
efajoead-12836	50	21	more	more	ADV
efajoead-12836	50	22	likely	likely	ADJ
efajoead-12836	50	23	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	50	24	achieve	achieve	VERB
efajoead-12836	50	25	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	50	26	fluency	fluency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	50	27	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	50	28	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	50	29	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	50	30	we	we	PRON
efajoead-12836	50	31	hope	hope	VERB
efajoead-12836	50	32	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	50	33	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	50	34	mckenzie	mckenzie	NOUN
efajoead-12836	50	35	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	50	36	2013	2013	NUM
efajoead-12836	50	37	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	50	38	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	51	1	key	key	ADJ
efajoead-12836	51	2	variables	variable	NOUN
efajoead-12836	51	3	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	51	4	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	51	5	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	51	6	framework	framework	NOUN
efajoead-12836	51	7	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	51	8	1	1	X
efajoead-12836	51	9	.	.	X
efajoead-12836	51	10	learner	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	51	11	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	51	12	centered	center	VERB
efajoead-12836	51	13	instruction	instruction	NOUN
efajoead-12836	51	14	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	51	15	puts	put	VERB
efajoead-12836	51	16	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	51	17	learner	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	51	18	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	51	19	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	51	20	centre	centre	NOUN
efajoead-12836	51	21	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	51	22	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	51	23	process	process	NOUN
efajoead-12836	51	24	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	51	25	encourages	encourage	VERB
efajoead-12836	51	26	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	51	27	agency	agency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	51	28	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	52	1	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	52	2	must	must	AUX
efajoead-12836	52	3	take	take	VERB
efajoead-12836	52	4	ownership	ownership	NOUN
efajoead-12836	52	5	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	52	6	their	their	PRON
efajoead-12836	52	7	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	52	8	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	52	9	figuring	figure	VERB
efajoead-12836	52	10	out	out	ADP
efajoead-12836	52	11	what	what	PRON
efajoead-12836	52	12	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	52	13	need	need	VERB
efajoead-12836	52	14	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	52	15	know	know	VERB
efajoead-12836	52	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	52	17	finding	find	VERB
efajoead-12836	52	18	relevant	relevant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	52	19	resources	resource	NOUN
efajoead-12836	52	20	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	52	21	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	52	22	using	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	52	23	what	what	PRON
efajoead-12836	52	24	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	52	25	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	52	26	learning	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	52	27	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	52	28	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	52	29	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	52	30	world	world	NOUN
efajoead-12836	52	31	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
efajoead-12836	52	32	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	53	1	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	53	2	goes	go	VERB
efajoead-12836	53	3	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	53	4	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	53	5	port	port	NOUN
efajoead-12836	53	6	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	53	7	self	self	NOUN
efajoead-12836	53	8	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	53	9	motivated	motivate	VERB
efajoead-12836	53	10	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	53	11	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	53	12	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	53	13	helps	help	VERB
efajoead-12836	53	14	learners	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	53	15	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	53	16	build	build	VERB
efajoead-12836	53	17	up	up	ADP
efajoead-12836	53	18	analytic	analytic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	53	19	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	53	20	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	53	21	self	self	NOUN
efajoead-12836	53	22	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	53	23	learning	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	53	24	attitude	attitude	NOUN
efajoead-12836	53	25	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	54	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	54	2	schunk	schunk	NOUN
efajoead-12836	54	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	54	4	2019	2019	NUM
efajoead-12836	54	5	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	54	6	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	55	1	2	2	X
efajoead-12836	55	2	.	.	X
efajoead-12836	55	3	authentic	authentic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	55	4	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	55	5	situations	situation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	55	6	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	55	7	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	55	8	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	55	9	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	55	10	authentic	authentic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	55	11	tasks	task	NOUN
efajoead-12836	55	12	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	55	13	represent	represent	VERB
efajoead-12836	55	14	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	55	15	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	55	16	our	our	PRON
efajoead-12836	55	17	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	55	18	will	will	AUX
efajoead-12836	55	19	face	face	VERB
efajoead-12836	55	20	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	55	21	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	55	22	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	55	23	world	world	NOUN
efajoead-12836	55	24	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	56	1	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	56	2	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	56	3	frame	frame	NOUN
efajoead-12836	56	4	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	56	5	teaching	teach	VERB
efajoead-12836	56	6	english	english	PROPN
efajoead-12836	56	7	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	56	8	foreign	foreign	ADJ
efajoead-12836	56	9	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	56	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	56	11	such	such	ADJ
efajoead-12836	56	12	task	task	NOUN
efajoead-12836	56	13	asks	ask	VERB
efajoead-12836	56	14	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	56	15	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	56	16	perform	perform	VERB
efajoead-12836	56	17	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	56	18	communication	communication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	56	19	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	56	20	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	56	21	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	56	22	solving	solving	NOUN
efajoead-12836	56	23	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	56	24	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	56	25	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	56	26	information	information	NOUN
efajoead-12836	56	27	processing	processing	NOUN
efajoead-12836	56	28	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	56	29	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	56	30	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	56	31	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	56	32	must	must	AUX
efajoead-12836	56	33	be	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	56	34	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	56	35	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	56	36	target	target	NOUN
efajoead-12836	56	37	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	56	38	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	57	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	57	2	prabowo	prabowo	NOUN
efajoead-12836	57	3	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	57	4	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	57	5	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	57	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	57	7	2021	2021	NUM
efajoead-12836	57	8	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	57	9	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	58	1	3	3	X
efajoead-12836	58	2	.	.	X
efajoead-12836	58	3	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	58	4	learning	learning	PROPN
efajoead-12836	58	5	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	58	6	vision	vision	PROPN
efajoead-12836	58	7	suggests	suggest	VERB
efajoead-12836	58	8	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	58	9	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	58	10	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	58	11	process	process	NOUN
efajoead-12836	58	12	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	58	13	corresponds	correspond	VERB
efajoead-12836	58	14	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	58	15	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	58	16	social	social	ADJ
efajoead-12836	58	17	constructive	constructive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	58	18	view	view	NOUN
efajoead-12836	58	19	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	58	20	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	58	21	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	58	22	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	58	23	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	58	24	socially	socially	ADV
efajoead-12836	58	25	mediated	mediate	VERB
efajoead-12836	58	26	process	process	NOUN
efajoead-12836	58	27	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	58	28	vygotskij	vygotskij	NOUN
efajoead-12836	58	29	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	58	30	1978	1978	NUM
efajoead-12836	58	31	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	58	32	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	59	1	because	because	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	59	2	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	59	3	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	59	4	working	work	VERB
efajoead-12836	59	5	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	59	6	teams	team	NOUN
efajoead-12836	59	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	59	8	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	59	9	share	share	VERB
efajoead-12836	59	10	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
efajoead-12836	59	11	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	59	12	negotiate	negotiate	VERB
efajoead-12836	59	13	meaning	meaning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	59	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	59	15	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	59	16	create	create	VERB
efajoead-12836	59	17	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	59	18	together	together	ADV
efajoead-12836	59	19	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	60	1	such	such	DET
efajoead-12836	60	2	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	60	3	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	60	4	environment	environment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	60	5	provides	provide	VERB
efajoead-12836	60	6	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	60	7	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	60	8	interactive	interactive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	60	9	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	60	10	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	60	11	contexts	context	NOUN
efajoead-12836	60	12	within	within	ADP
efajoead-12836	60	13	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	60	14	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	60	15	practice	practice	VERB
efajoead-12836	60	16	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	60	17	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	60	18	helps	help	VERB
efajoead-12836	60	19	them	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	60	20	build	build	VERB
efajoead-12836	60	21	communication	communication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	60	22	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	60	23	other	other	ADJ
efajoead-12836	60	24	social	social	ADJ
efajoead-12836	60	25	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	60	26	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	60	27	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	60	28	success	success	NOUN
efajoead-12836	60	29	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	60	30	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	60	31	workplace	workplace	NOUN
efajoead-12836	60	32	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	60	33	academia	academia	NOUN
efajoead-12836	60	34	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	61	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	61	2	alghamdy	alghamdy	ADJ
efajoead-12836	61	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	61	4	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	61	5	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	61	6	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	62	1	4	4	X
efajoead-12836	62	2	.	.	X
efajoead-12836	62	3	facilitative	facilitative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	62	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	62	5	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	62	6	role	role	NOUN
efajoead-12836	62	7	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	62	8	different	different	ADJ
efajoead-12836	62	9	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	62	10	how	how	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	62	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	62	12	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	62	13	typically	typically	ADV
efajoead-12836	62	14	viewed	view	VERB
efajoead-12836	62	15	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	62	16	deliver	deliver	VERB
efajoead-12836	62	17	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	62	18	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	63	1	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	63	2	lead	lead	VERB
efajoead-12836	63	3	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	63	4	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	63	5	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	63	6	process	process	NOUN
efajoead-12836	63	7	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	63	8	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	63	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	63	10	supporting	support	VERB
efajoead-12836	63	11	them	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	63	12	when	when	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	63	13	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
efajoead-12836	63	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	63	15	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	63	16	encouraging	encourage	VERB
efajoead-12836	63	17	them	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	63	18	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	63	19	reflect	reflect	VERB
efajoead-12836	63	20	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	64	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	64	2	guide	guide	VERB
efajoead-12836	64	3	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	64	4	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	64	5	developing	develop	VERB
efajoead-12836	64	6	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	64	7	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	64	8	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	64	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	64	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	64	11	structuring	structure	VERB
efajoead-12836	64	12	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	64	13	experiences	experience	NOUN
efajoead-12836	64	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	64	15	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	64	16	creating	create	VERB
efajoead-12836	64	17	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	64	18	climate	climate	NOUN
efajoead-12836	64	19	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	64	20	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	64	21	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
efajoead-12836	64	22	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	64	23	viewed	view	VERB
efajoead-12836	64	24	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	64	25	learning	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	64	26	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	64	27	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	65	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	65	2	kök	kök	PROPN
efajoead-12836	65	3	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	65	4	duman	duman	PROPN
efajoead-12836	65	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	65	6	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	65	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	65	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	66	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	66	2	role	role	NOUN
efajoead-12836	66	3	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	66	4	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	66	5	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	66	6	supporting	support	VERB
efajoead-12836	66	7	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	66	8	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	66	9	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	66	10	effective	effective	ADJ
efajoead-12836	66	11	when	when	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	66	12	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	66	13	encompasses	encompass	VERB
efajoead-12836	66	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	66	15	among	among	ADP
efajoead-12836	66	16	other	other	ADJ
efajoead-12836	66	17	concepts	concept	NOUN
efajoead-12836	66	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	66	19	constructivism	constructivism	NOUN
efajoead-12836	66	20	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	66	21	clt	clt	NOUN
efajoead-12836	66	22	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	66	23	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	66	24	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	66	25	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	66	26	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	67	1	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	67	2	can	can	AUX
efajoead-12836	67	3	help	help	VERB
efajoead-12836	67	4	extend	extend	VERB
efajoead-12836	67	5	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	67	6	outside	outside	ADP
efajoead-12836	67	7	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	67	8	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	67	9	classroom	classroom	NOUN
efajoead-12836	67	10	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	67	11	provide	provide	VERB
efajoead-12836	67	12	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	67	13	possibilities	possibility	NOUN
efajoead-12836	67	14	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	67	15	online	online	ADJ
efajoead-12836	67	16	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	67	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	67	18	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	67	19	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	67	20	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	67	21	repositories	repository	NOUN
efajoead-12836	67	22	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	67	23	or	or	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	67	24	incorporation	incorporation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	67	25	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	67	26	virtual	virtual	ADJ
efajoead-12836	67	27	simulations	simulation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	67	28	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	68	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	68	2	apriani	apriani	NOUN
efajoead-12836	68	3	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	68	4	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	68	5	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	68	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	68	7	2024	2024	NUM
efajoead-12836	68	8	;	;	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	68	9	jaleniauskiene	jaleniauskiene	PROPN
efajoead-12836	68	10	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	68	11	lisaite	lisaite	ADJ
efajoead-12836	68	12	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	68	13	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	68	14	;	;	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	68	15	apriani	apriani	PROPN
efajoead-12836	68	16	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	68	17	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	68	18	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	68	19	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	68	20	2022	2022	NUM
efajoead-12836	68	21	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	68	22	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	69	1	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	69	2	tools	tool	NOUN
efajoead-12836	69	3	enable	enable	VERB
efajoead-12836	69	4	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	69	5	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	69	6	collaborate	collaborate	VERB
efajoead-12836	69	7	across	across	ADP
efajoead-12836	69	8	distance	distance	NOUN
efajoead-12836	69	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	69	10	tap	tap	VERB
efajoead-12836	69	11	diverse	diverse	ADJ
efajoead-12836	69	12	information	information	NOUN
efajoead-12836	69	13	sources	source	NOUN
efajoead-12836	69	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	69	15	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	69	16	present	present	ADJ
efajoead-12836	69	17	solutions	solution	NOUN
efajoead-12836	69	18	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	69	19	flexible	flexible	ADJ
efajoead-12836	69	20	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	69	21	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
efajoead-12836	69	22	formats	format	NOUN
efajoead-12836	69	23	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	70	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
efajoead-12836	70	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	70	3	without	without	ADP
efajoead-12836	70	4	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	70	5	literacy	literacy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	70	6	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	70	7	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	70	8	equitable	equitable	ADJ
efajoead-12836	70	9	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	70	10	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	70	11	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	70	12	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	70	13	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
efajoead-12836	70	14	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	70	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	70	16	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	70	17	can	can	AUX
efajoead-12836	70	18	fail	fail	VERB
efajoead-12836	70	19	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	71	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	71	2	oecd	oecd	PROPN
efajoead-12836	71	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	71	4	2021	2021	NUM
efajoead-12836	71	5	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	71	6	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	72	1	fauziyatul	fauziyatul	PROPN
efajoead-12836	72	2	uzma	uzma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	72	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	72	4	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	72	5	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	72	6	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	72	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	72	8	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	72	9	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	72	10	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	72	11	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	72	12	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	72	13	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	72	14	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	72	15	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	72	16	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	72	17	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	72	18	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	72	19	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	72	20	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	72	21	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	72	22	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	72	23	156	156	NUM
efajoead-12836	73	1	|	|	NOUN
efajoead-12836	73	2	v	v	ADP
efajoead-12836	73	3	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	73	4	l	l	NOUN
efajoead-12836	73	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	74	1	9	9	NUM
efajoead-12836	74	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	74	3	n	n	NOUN
efajoead-12836	74	4	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	74	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	75	1	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	75	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	75	3	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	75	4	0	0	NUM
efajoead-12836	75	5	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	75	6	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	75	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	75	8	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	75	9	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	75	10	3	3	NUM
efajoead-12836	75	11	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	75	12	6	6	NUM
efajoead-12836	75	13	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	75	14	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	75	15	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	16	focus	focus	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	17	limiting	limit	VERB
efajoead-12836	75	18	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	75	19	review	review	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	20	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	75	21	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	75	22	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	23	helps	help	VERB
efajoead-12836	75	24	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	75	25	substantiate	substantiate	VERB
efajoead-12836	75	26	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	75	27	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	28	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	75	29	sharing	share	VERB
efajoead-12836	75	30	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	31	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	75	32	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
efajoead-12836	75	33	investigate	investigate	VERB
efajoead-12836	75	34	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	75	35	employment	employment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	36	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	75	37	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	38	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	75	39	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	75	40	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	41	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	75	42	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	43	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	75	44	strategies	strategy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	45	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	75	46	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	75	47	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	48	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	49	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	75	50	elt	elt	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	51	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	75	52	or	or	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	75	53	english	english	PROPN
efajoead-12836	75	54	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	75	55	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	75	56	foreign	foreign	ADJ
efajoead-12836	75	57	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	58	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	75	59	efl	efl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	60	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	75	61	settings	setting	NOUN
efajoead-12836	75	62	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	76	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
efajoead-12836	76	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	76	3	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	76	4	framework	framework	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	5	focuses	focus	VERB
efajoead-12836	76	6	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	76	7	some	some	DET
efajoead-12836	76	8	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	9	papers	paper	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	10	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	76	11	indicate	indicate	VERB
efajoead-12836	76	12	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	76	13	effect	effect	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	14	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	76	15	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	16	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	76	17	different	different	ADJ
efajoead-12836	76	18	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	19	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	20	like	like	ADP
efajoead-12836	76	21	speaking	speak	VERB
efajoead-12836	76	22	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	76	23	writing	writing	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	24	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	76	25	reading	reading	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	26	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	76	27	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	76	28	listening	listen	VERB
efajoead-12836	76	29	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	76	30	as	as	ADV
efajoead-12836	76	31	well	well	ADV
efajoead-12836	76	32	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	76	33	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	76	34	aspects	aspect	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	35	such	such	ADJ
efajoead-12836	76	36	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	76	37	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	76	38	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	39	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	76	40	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	41	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	76	42	solving	solving	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	43	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	76	44	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	76	45	learner	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	46	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	76	47	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	77	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
efajoead-12836	77	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	77	3	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	77	4	contains	contain	VERB
efajoead-12836	77	5	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	77	6	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	77	7	examine	examine	VERB
efajoead-12836	77	8	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	77	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	77	10	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	77	11	best	good	ADJ
efajoead-12836	77	12	practices	practice	NOUN
efajoead-12836	77	13	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	77	14	implementing	implement	VERB
efajoead-12836	77	15	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	77	16	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	77	17	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	77	18	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	77	19	contexts	contexts	NOUN
efajoead-12836	77	20	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	78	1	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	78	2	review	review	NOUN
efajoead-12836	78	3	excludes	exclude	VERB
efajoead-12836	78	4	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	78	5	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	78	6	do	do	AUX
efajoead-12836	78	7	not	not	PART
efajoead-12836	78	8	support	support	VERB
efajoead-12836	78	9	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	78	10	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	78	11	or	or	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	78	12	do	do	AUX
efajoead-12836	78	13	not	not	PART
efajoead-12836	78	14	focus	focus	VERB
efajoead-12836	78	15	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	78	16	non	non	ADJ
efajoead-12836	78	17	-	-	ADJ
efajoead-12836	78	18	language	language	ADJ
efajoead-12836	78	19	disciplines	discipline	NOUN
efajoead-12836	78	20	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	79	1	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	79	2	background	background	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	3	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	79	4	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	79	5	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	79	6	languages	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	7	education	education	VERB
efajoead-12836	79	8	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	79	9	merging	merging	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	10	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	79	11	clt	clt	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	12	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	79	13	constructivist	constructivist	ADJ
efajoead-12836	79	14	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	15	theory	theory	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	16	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	79	17	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	79	18	tools	tool	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	19	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	79	20	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	21	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	22	places	place	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	23	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	24	within	within	ADP
efajoead-12836	79	25	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	79	26	broader	broad	ADJ
efajoead-12836	79	27	framework	framework	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	28	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	79	29	supports	support	VERB
efajoead-12836	79	30	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	31	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	32	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	79	33	helps	help	VERB
efajoead-12836	79	34	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	35	prepare	prepare	VERB
efajoead-12836	79	36	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	79	37	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	79	38	21st	21st	ADJ
efajoead-12836	79	39	century	century	NOUN
efajoead-12836	79	40	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	80	1	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	80	2	interaction	interaction	NOUN
efajoead-12836	80	3	between	between	ADP
efajoead-12836	80	4	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	80	5	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
efajoead-12836	80	6	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
efajoead-12836	80	7	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	80	8	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	80	9	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	80	10	interactive	interactive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	80	11	nature	nature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	80	12	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	80	13	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	80	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	80	15	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	80	16	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	80	17	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	80	18	immerse	immerse	VERB
efajoead-12836	80	19	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	80	20	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	80	21	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	80	22	life	life	NOUN
efajoead-12836	80	23	problems	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	80	24	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	80	25	communicate	communicate	VERB
efajoead-12836	80	26	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	80	27	authentic	authentic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	80	28	contexts	contexts	NOUN
efajoead-12836	80	29	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	80	30	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	80	31	acquire	acquire	VERB
efajoead-12836	80	32	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	80	33	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	80	34	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	80	35	cross	cross	ADJ
efajoead-12836	80	36	-	-	ADJ
efajoead-12836	80	37	disciplinary	disciplinary	ADJ
efajoead-12836	80	38	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	80	39	applicable	applicable	ADJ
efajoead-12836	80	40	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	80	41	multiple	multiple	ADJ
efajoead-12836	80	42	contexts	context	NOUN
efajoead-12836	80	43	beyond	beyond	ADP
efajoead-12836	80	44	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	80	45	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	80	46	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	81	1	material	material	NOUN
efajoead-12836	81	2	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	81	3	method	method	VERB
efajoead-12836	81	4	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	81	5	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	81	6	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	81	7	library	library	NOUN
efajoead-12836	81	8	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	81	9	design	design	NOUN
efajoead-12836	81	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	81	11	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	81	12	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	81	13	aims	aim	VERB
efajoead-12836	81	14	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	81	15	examine	examine	VERB
efajoead-12836	81	16	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	81	17	existing	exist	VERB
efajoead-12836	81	18	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	81	19	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	81	20	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	81	21	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	81	22	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	81	23	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	81	24	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	81	25	objectively	objectively	ADV
efajoead-12836	81	26	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	82	1	however	however	ADV
efajoead-12836	82	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	82	3	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	82	4	using	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	82	5	library	library	ADJ
efajoead-12836	82	6	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	82	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	82	8	we	we	PRON
efajoead-12836	82	9	can	can	AUX
efajoead-12836	82	10	draw	draw	VERB
efajoead-12836	82	11	upon	upon	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	82	12	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	82	13	diversity	diversity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	82	14	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	82	15	theory	theory	NOUN
efajoead-12836	82	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	82	17	evidence	evidence	NOUN
efajoead-12836	82	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	82	19	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	82	20	application	application	NOUN
efajoead-12836	82	21	without	without	ADP
efajoead-12836	82	22	field	field	NOUN
efajoead-12836	82	23	work	work	NOUN
efajoead-12836	82	24	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	82	25	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	82	26	often	often	ADV
efajoead-12836	82	27	tends	tend	VERB
efajoead-12836	82	28	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	82	29	restrict	restrict	VERB
efajoead-12836	82	30	state	state	NOUN
efajoead-12836	82	31	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	82	32	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	82	33	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	82	34	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	82	35	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	82	36	art	art	NOUN
efajoead-12836	82	37	information	information	NOUN
efajoead-12836	82	38	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	83	1	library	library	NOUN
efajoead-12836	83	2	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	83	3	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	83	4	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	83	5	special	special	ADJ
efajoead-12836	83	6	help	help	NOUN
efajoead-12836	83	7	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	83	8	tracing	trace	VERB
efajoead-12836	83	9	developments	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	83	10	over	over	ADP
efajoead-12836	83	11	time	time	NOUN
efajoead-12836	83	12	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	83	13	constructing	construct	VERB
efajoead-12836	83	14	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	83	15	more	more	ADV
efajoead-12836	83	16	general	general	ADJ
efajoead-12836	83	17	picture	picture	NOUN
efajoead-12836	83	18	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	83	19	educational	educational	ADJ
efajoead-12836	83	20	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
efajoead-12836	83	21	via	via	ADP
efajoead-12836	83	22	existing	exist	VERB
efajoead-12836	83	23	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
efajoead-12836	83	24	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	84	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	84	2	booth	booth	NOUN
efajoead-12836	84	3	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	84	4	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	84	5	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	84	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	84	7	2016	2016	NUM
efajoead-12836	84	8	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	84	9	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	85	1	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	85	2	ensure	ensure	VERB
efajoead-12836	85	3	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	85	4	choice	choice	NOUN
efajoead-12836	85	5	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	85	6	pertinent	pertinent	ADJ
efajoead-12836	85	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	85	8	well	well	ADV
efajoead-12836	85	9	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	85	10	published	publish	VERB
efajoead-12836	85	11	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	85	12	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	85	13	academically	academically	ADV
efajoead-12836	85	14	accepted	accept	VERB
efajoead-12836	85	15	sources	source	NOUN
efajoead-12836	85	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	85	17	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	85	18	set	set	NOUN
efajoead-12836	85	19	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	85	20	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
efajoead-12836	85	21	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	85	22	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	85	23	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	85	24	criteria	criterion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	85	25	guided	guide	VERB
efajoead-12836	85	26	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	85	27	selection	selection	NOUN
efajoead-12836	85	28	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	85	29	journal	journal	ADJ
efajoead-12836	85	30	articles	article	NOUN
efajoead-12836	85	31	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	85	32	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	85	33	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	85	34	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	86	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	86	2	major	major	ADJ
efajoead-12836	86	3	selection	selection	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	4	criteria	criterion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	5	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	86	6	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	86	7	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	8	criteria	criterion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	86	10	relevance	relevance	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	11	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	86	12	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	13	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	86	14	did	do	AUX
efajoead-12836	86	15	not	not	PART
efajoead-12836	86	16	describe	describe	VERB
efajoead-12836	86	17	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	18	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	86	19	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	86	20	context	context	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	21	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	86	22	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	86	23	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	24	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	25	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	86	26	elt	elt	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	27	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	86	28	or	or	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	86	29	english	english	PROPN
efajoead-12836	86	30	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	86	31	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	86	32	foreign	foreign	ADJ
efajoead-12836	86	33	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	86	34	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	86	35	efl	efl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	86	36	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	86	37	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	86	38	excluded	exclude	VERB
efajoead-12836	86	39	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	87	1	articles	article	NOUN
efajoead-12836	87	2	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	87	3	did	do	AUX
efajoead-12836	87	4	not	not	PART
efajoead-12836	87	5	specifically	specifically	ADV
efajoead-12836	87	6	concern	concern	VERB
efajoead-12836	87	7	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	87	8	or	or	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	87	9	its	its	PRON
efajoead-12836	87	10	effect	effect	NOUN
efajoead-12836	87	11	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	87	12	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	87	13	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	87	14	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	87	15	removed	remove	VERB
efajoead-12836	87	16	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	88	1	credibility	credibility	NOUN
efajoead-12836	88	2	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	88	3	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	88	4	papers	paper	NOUN
efajoead-12836	88	5	chosen	choose	VERB
efajoead-12836	88	6	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	88	7	mostly	mostly	ADV
efajoead-12836	88	8	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	88	9	peer	peer	NOUN
efajoead-12836	88	10	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	88	11	reviewed	review	VERB
efajoead-12836	88	12	magazines	magazine	NOUN
efajoead-12836	88	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	88	14	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	88	15	books	book	NOUN
efajoead-12836	88	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	88	17	dissertations	dissertation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	88	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	88	19	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	88	20	conference	conference	NOUN
efajoead-12836	88	21	programs	program	NOUN
efajoead-12836	88	22	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	89	1	these	these	DET
efajoead-12836	89	2	sources	source	NOUN
efajoead-12836	89	3	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	89	4	selected	select	VERB
efajoead-12836	89	5	because	because	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	89	6	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	89	7	provide	provide	VERB
efajoead-12836	89	8	credible	credible	ADJ
efajoead-12836	89	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	89	10	science	science	NOUN
efajoead-12836	89	11	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	89	12	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	89	13	information	information	NOUN
efajoead-12836	89	14	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	90	1	time	time	NOUN
efajoead-12836	90	2	frame	frame	PROPN
efajoead-12836	90	3	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	91	1	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	91	2	published	publish	VERB
efajoead-12836	91	3	between	between	ADP
efajoead-12836	91	4	1980	1980	NUM
efajoead-12836	91	5	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	91	6	2024	2024	NUM
efajoead-12836	91	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	91	8	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	91	9	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	91	10	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	91	11	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	91	12	more	more	ADV
efajoead-12836	91	13	recent	recent	ADJ
efajoead-12836	91	14	publications	publication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	91	15	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	91	16	2019–2024	2019–2024	NUM
efajoead-12836	91	17	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	91	18	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	92	1	this	this	PRON
efajoead-12836	92	2	was	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	92	3	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	92	4	ensure	ensure	VERB
efajoead-12836	92	5	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	92	6	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	92	7	review	review	NOUN
efajoead-12836	92	8	included	include	VERB
efajoead-12836	92	9	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	92	10	most	most	ADJ
efajoead-12836	92	11	up	up	ADP
efajoead-12836	92	12	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	92	13	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	92	14	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	92	15	date	date	NOUN
efajoead-12836	92	16	trends	trend	NOUN
efajoead-12836	92	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	92	18	findings	finding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	92	19	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	92	20	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	92	21	innovations	innovation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	92	22	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	92	23	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	92	24	use	use	NOUN
efajoead-12836	92	25	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	92	26	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	92	27	within	within	ADP
efajoead-12836	92	28	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	92	29	field	field	NOUN
efajoead-12836	92	30	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	92	31	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	92	32	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	92	33	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	93	1	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	93	2	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	93	3	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	94	1	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	94	2	these	these	DET
efajoead-12836	94	3	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	94	4	should	should	AUX
efajoead-12836	94	5	talk	talk	VERB
efajoead-12836	94	6	about	about	ADP
efajoead-12836	94	7	how	how	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	94	8	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	94	9	affected	affect	VERB
efajoead-12836	94	10	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	94	11	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	94	12	like	like	ADP
efajoead-12836	94	13	speaking	speak	VERB
efajoead-12836	94	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	94	15	writing	writing	NOUN
efajoead-12836	94	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	94	17	reading	reading	NOUN
efajoead-12836	94	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	94	19	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	94	20	listening	listen	VERB
efajoead-12836	94	21	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	95	1	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	95	2	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	95	3	examined	examine	VERB
efajoead-12836	95	4	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	95	5	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	95	6	other	other	ADJ
efajoead-12836	95	7	disciplines	discipline	NOUN
efajoead-12836	95	8	or	or	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	95	9	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	95	10	not	not	PART
efajoead-12836	95	11	directly	directly	ADV
efajoead-12836	95	12	concerned	concern	VERB
efajoead-12836	95	13	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	95	14	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	95	15	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	95	16	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	95	17	excluded	exclude	VERB
efajoead-12836	95	18	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	96	1	data	datum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	96	2	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	96	3	analyzed	analyze	VERB
efajoead-12836	96	4	using	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	96	5	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	96	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	96	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	96	8	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	96	9	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	96	10	method	method	NOUN
efajoead-12836	96	11	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	96	12	identifying	identify	VERB
efajoead-12836	96	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	96	14	analyzing	analyzing	NOUN
efajoead-12836	96	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	96	16	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	96	17	reporting	report	VERB
efajoead-12836	96	18	patterns	pattern	NOUN
efajoead-12836	96	19	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	96	20	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	96	21	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	96	22	within	within	ADP
efajoead-12836	96	23	data	data	PROPN
efajoead-12836	96	24	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	97	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	97	2	braun	braun	PROPN
efajoead-12836	97	3	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	97	4	clarke	clarke	PROPN
efajoead-12836	97	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	97	6	2006	2006	NUM
efajoead-12836	97	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	97	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	98	1	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	98	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	98	3	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	98	4	useful	useful	ADJ
efajoead-12836	98	5	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	98	6	identifying	identify	VERB
efajoead-12836	98	7	similarities	similarity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	98	8	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	98	9	differences	difference	NOUN
efajoead-12836	98	10	across	across	ADP
efajoead-12836	98	11	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	98	12	broad	broad	ADJ
efajoead-12836	98	13	range	range	NOUN
efajoead-12836	98	14	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	98	15	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	98	16	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	99	1	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	99	2	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	99	3	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	99	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	99	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	99	6	took	take	VERB
efajoead-12836	99	7	place	place	NOUN
efajoead-12836	99	8	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	99	9	different	different	ADJ
efajoead-12836	99	10	stages	stage	NOUN
efajoead-12836	99	11	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	99	12	1	1	X
efajoead-12836	99	13	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	99	14	familiarization	familiarization	NOUN
efajoead-12836	99	15	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	99	16	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	99	17	data	datum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	99	18	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	99	19	first	first	ADV
efajoead-12836	99	20	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	99	21	read	read	VERB
efajoead-12836	99	22	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	99	23	reread	reread	VERB
efajoead-12836	99	24	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	99	25	articles	article	NOUN
efajoead-12836	99	26	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	99	27	additional	additional	ADJ
efajoead-12836	99	28	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	99	29	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	100	1	this	this	PRON
efajoead-12836	100	2	helped	help	VERB
efajoead-12836	100	3	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	100	4	researcher	researcher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	5	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	100	6	become	become	VERB
efajoead-12836	100	7	acquainted	acquainted	ADJ
efajoead-12836	100	8	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	100	9	each	each	DET
efajoead-12836	100	10	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	11	's	's	PART
efajoead-12836	100	12	key	key	ADJ
efajoead-12836	100	13	findings	finding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	100	15	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	100	17	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	100	18	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	19	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	100	20	2	2	X
efajoead-12836	100	21	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	100	22	initial	initial	ADJ
efajoead-12836	100	23	coding	coding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	24	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	100	25	following	follow	VERB
efajoead-12836	100	26	familiarization	familiarization	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	27	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	100	28	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	100	29	data	datum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	30	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	100	31	coded	code	VERB
efajoead-12836	100	32	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	100	33	finding	find	VERB
efajoead-12836	100	34	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
efajoead-12836	100	35	segments	segment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	36	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	100	37	text	text	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	38	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	100	39	refer	refer	VERB
efajoead-12836	100	40	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	100	41	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	100	42	chordal	chordal	ADJ
efajoead-12836	100	43	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	44	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	100	45	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	100	46	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	100	47	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	101	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	101	2	codes	code	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	3	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
efajoead-12836	101	4	categories	category	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	5	like	like	ADP
efajoead-12836	101	6	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	101	7	context	context	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	101	9	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	10	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	11	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	101	12	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	101	13	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	14	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	101	16	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	17	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	101	19	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	101	20	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	21	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	101	22	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	101	23	contexts	contexts	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	24	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	101	25	3	3	X
efajoead-12836	101	26	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	101	27	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	28	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	101	29	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	30	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	101	31	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	101	32	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	101	33	next	next	ADJ
efajoead-12836	101	34	step	step	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	35	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	101	36	similar	similar	ADJ
efajoead-12836	101	37	codes	code	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	38	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	101	39	grouped	group	VERB
efajoead-12836	101	40	into	into	ADP
efajoead-12836	101	41	broader	broad	ADJ
efajoead-12836	101	42	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	43	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	101	44	captured	capture	VERB
efajoead-12836	101	45	common	common	ADJ
efajoead-12836	101	46	identifying	identifying	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	47	ideas	idea	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	48	across	across	ADP
efajoead-12836	101	49	all	all	DET
efajoead-12836	101	50	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	101	51	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	101	52	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	102	1	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	102	2	resulted	result	VERB
efajoead-12836	102	3	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	102	4	drafting	draft	VERB
efajoead-12836	102	5	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	102	6	such	such	ADJ
efajoead-12836	102	7	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	102	8	enrichment	enrichment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	102	9	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	102	10	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	102	11	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	102	12	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	102	13	higher	high	ADJ
efajoead-12836	102	14	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	102	15	order	order	NOUN
efajoead-12836	102	16	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	102	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	102	18	learner	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	102	19	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	102	20	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	102	21	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	102	22	hindrances	hindrance	NOUN
efajoead-12836	102	23	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	102	24	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	102	25	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	102	26	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	102	27	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	102	28	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	102	29	etc	etc	X
efajoead-12836	102	30	.	.	X
efajoead-12836	103	1	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	103	2	process	process	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	3	assisted	assist	VERB
efajoead-12836	103	4	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	103	5	separating	separate	VERB
efajoead-12836	103	6	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	103	7	data	datum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	8	into	into	ADP
efajoead-12836	103	9	specific	specific	ADJ
efajoead-12836	103	10	areas	area	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	11	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	103	12	concern	concern	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	13	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	103	14	interest	interest	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	15	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	103	16	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	103	17	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	103	19	4	4	X
efajoead-12836	103	20	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	103	21	reviewing	review	VERB
efajoead-12836	103	22	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	103	23	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	24	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	103	25	reducing	reduce	VERB
efajoead-12836	103	26	them	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	103	27	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	103	28	after	after	ADP
efajoead-12836	103	29	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	103	30	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	103	31	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	103	32	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	33	fauziyatul	fauziyatul	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	34	uzma	uzma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	103	35	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	103	36	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	103	37	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	103	38	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	103	39	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	103	40	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	103	41	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	103	42	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	43	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	103	44	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	45	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	103	46	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	103	47	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	48	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	103	49	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	103	50	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	51	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	103	52	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	103	53	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	103	54	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	104	1	157	157	NUM
efajoead-12836	105	1	|	|	NOUN
efajoead-12836	105	2	v	v	ADP
efajoead-12836	105	3	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	105	4	l	l	NOUN
efajoead-12836	105	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	106	1	9	9	NUM
efajoead-12836	106	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	106	3	n	n	NOUN
efajoead-12836	106	4	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	106	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	107	1	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	107	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	107	3	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	107	4	0	0	NUM
efajoead-12836	107	5	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	107	6	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	107	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	107	8	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	107	9	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	107	10	3	3	NUM
efajoead-12836	107	11	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	107	12	6	6	NUM
efajoead-12836	107	13	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	107	14	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	107	15	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	107	16	reviewed	review	VERB
efajoead-12836	107	17	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	107	18	identify	identify	VERB
efajoead-12836	107	19	whether	whether	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	107	20	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	107	21	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	107	22	indeed	indeed	ADV
efajoead-12836	107	23	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	107	24	good	good	ADJ
efajoead-12836	107	25	reflection	reflection	NOUN
efajoead-12836	107	26	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	107	27	observation	observation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	107	28	data	datum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	107	29	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	108	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	108	2	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	3	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	108	4	checked	check	VERB
efajoead-12836	108	5	against	against	ADP
efajoead-12836	108	6	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	108	7	descriptions	description	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	8	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	108	9	ensure	ensure	VERB
efajoead-12836	108	10	consistency	consistency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	11	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	108	12	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	108	13	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	14	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	108	15	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	108	16	theme	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	17	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	108	18	their	their	PRON
efajoead-12836	108	19	consideration	consideration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	20	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	108	21	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	108	22	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	23	questions	question	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	24	so	so	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	108	25	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	108	26	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	108	27	would	would	AUX
efajoead-12836	108	28	adequately	adequately	ADV
efajoead-12836	108	29	answer	answer	VERB
efajoead-12836	108	30	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	108	31	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	32	objectives	objective	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	33	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	108	34	5	5	X
efajoead-12836	108	35	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	108	36	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	37	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	108	38	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	108	39	last	last	ADJ
efajoead-12836	108	40	step	step	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	41	was	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	108	42	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	108	43	synthesize	synthesize	VERB
efajoead-12836	108	44	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	108	45	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	46	into	into	ADP
efajoead-12836	108	47	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	108	48	coherent	coherent	ADJ
efajoead-12836	108	49	narrative	narrative	NOUN
efajoead-12836	108	50	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	109	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	109	2	results	result	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	3	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	109	4	melded	meld	VERB
efajoead-12836	109	5	into	into	ADP
efajoead-12836	109	6	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	109	7	overall	overall	ADJ
efajoead-12836	109	8	report	report	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	9	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	109	10	weaved	weave	VERB
efajoead-12836	109	11	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	109	12	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	13	together	together	ADV
efajoead-12836	109	14	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	109	15	drew	draw	VERB
efajoead-12836	109	16	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	17	about	about	ADP
efajoead-12836	109	18	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	109	19	effect	effect	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	20	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	109	21	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	22	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	109	23	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	24	'	'	PART
efajoead-12836	109	25	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	26	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	27	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	109	28	but	but	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	109	29	also	also	ADV
efajoead-12836	109	30	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	109	31	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	32	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	109	33	teachers	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	34	experienced	experience	VERB
efajoead-12836	109	35	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	109	36	adequately	adequately	ADV
efajoead-12836	109	37	implementing	implement	VERB
efajoead-12836	109	38	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	109	39	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	110	1	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	110	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	110	3	enables	enable	VERB
efajoead-12836	110	4	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	110	5	comparison	comparison	NOUN
efajoead-12836	110	6	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	110	7	results	result	NOUN
efajoead-12836	110	8	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	110	9	different	different	ADJ
efajoead-12836	110	10	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	110	11	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	110	12	provides	provide	VERB
efajoead-12836	110	13	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	110	14	broad	broad	ADJ
efajoead-12836	110	15	overview	overview	NOUN
efajoead-12836	110	16	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	110	17	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	110	18	range	range	NOUN
efajoead-12836	110	19	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	110	20	influences	influence	NOUN
efajoead-12836	110	21	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	110	22	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	110	23	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	110	24	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	110	25	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	110	26	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	110	27	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	110	28	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	110	29	its	its	PRON
efajoead-12836	110	30	evolution	evolution	NOUN
efajoead-12836	110	31	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	111	1	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	111	2	approach	approach	NOUN
efajoead-12836	111	3	enabled	enable	VERB
efajoead-12836	111	4	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	111	5	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	111	6	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	111	7	pool	pool	NOUN
efajoead-12836	111	8	results	result	NOUN
efajoead-12836	111	9	across	across	ADP
efajoead-12836	111	10	diverse	diverse	ADJ
efajoead-12836	111	11	types	type	NOUN
efajoead-12836	111	12	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	111	13	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	111	14	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	111	15	provide	provide	VERB
efajoead-12836	111	16	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	111	17	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	111	18	picture	picture	NOUN
efajoead-12836	111	19	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	111	20	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	111	21	's	's	PART
efajoead-12836	111	22	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
efajoead-12836	111	23	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	111	24	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	111	25	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	111	26	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	111	27	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	112	1	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	112	2	tools	tool	NOUN
efajoead-12836	112	3	indicators	indicator	NOUN
efajoead-12836	112	4	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	112	5	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	112	6	was	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	112	7	informed	inform	VERB
efajoead-12836	112	8	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	112	9	specific	specific	ADJ
efajoead-12836	112	10	indicators	indicator	NOUN
efajoead-12836	112	11	identified	identify	VERB
efajoead-12836	112	12	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	112	13	measuring	measure	VERB
efajoead-12836	112	14	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	112	15	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
efajoead-12836	112	16	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	112	17	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	112	18	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	112	19	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	112	20	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	112	21	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	112	22	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	112	23	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	112	24	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	112	25	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	112	26	braun	braun	PROPN
efajoead-12836	112	27	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	112	28	clarke	clarke	PROPN
efajoead-12836	112	29	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	112	30	2016	2016	NUM
efajoead-12836	112	31	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	112	32	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	113	1	these	these	DET
efajoead-12836	113	2	indicators	indicator	NOUN
efajoead-12836	113	3	include	include	VERB
efajoead-12836	113	4	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	113	5	1	1	X
efajoead-12836	113	6	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	113	7	data	datum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	113	8	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	113	9	expansion	expansion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	113	10	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	113	11	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	113	12	indicator	indicator	NOUN
efajoead-12836	113	13	measures	measure	VERB
efajoead-12836	113	14	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	113	15	effect	effect	NOUN
efajoead-12836	113	16	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	113	17	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	113	18	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	113	19	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	113	20	'	'	PART
efajoead-12836	113	21	ability	ability	NOUN
efajoead-12836	113	22	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	113	23	speak	speak	VERB
efajoead-12836	113	24	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	113	25	write	write	VERB
efajoead-12836	113	26	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	113	27	read	read	VERB
efajoead-12836	113	28	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	113	29	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	113	30	listen	listen	VERB
efajoead-12836	113	31	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	114	1	attention	attention	NOUN
efajoead-12836	114	2	was	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	114	3	given	give	VERB
efajoead-12836	114	4	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	114	5	developing	develop	VERB
efajoead-12836	114	6	these	these	DET
efajoead-12836	114	7	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	114	8	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	114	9	participation	participation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	114	10	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	114	11	authentic	authentic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	114	12	activity	activity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	114	13	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	114	14	issues	issue	NOUN
efajoead-12836	114	15	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	114	16	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	114	17	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	114	18	world	world	NOUN
efajoead-12836	114	19	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	114	20	2	2	X
efajoead-12836	114	21	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	114	22	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	114	23	indicator	indicator	NOUN
efajoead-12836	114	24	assesses	assess	VERB
efajoead-12836	114	25	how	how	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	114	26	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	114	27	promotes	promote	VERB
efajoead-12836	114	28	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	114	29	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	114	30	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	114	31	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	114	32	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	114	33	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	114	34	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	114	35	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	115	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	115	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	3	included	include	VERB
efajoead-12836	115	4	whether	whether	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	115	5	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	115	6	fostered	foster	VERB
efajoead-12836	115	7	higher	high	ADJ
efajoead-12836	115	8	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	115	9	order	order	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	10	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	11	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	115	12	allowing	allow	VERB
efajoead-12836	115	13	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	14	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	115	15	critically	critically	ADV
efajoead-12836	115	16	analyze	analyze	VERB
efajoead-12836	115	17	problems	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	115	19	identify	identify	VERB
efajoead-12836	115	20	varied	varied	ADJ
efajoead-12836	115	21	viewpoints	viewpoint	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	22	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	115	23	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	115	24	formulate	formulate	VERB
efajoead-12836	115	25	justifiable	justifiable	ADJ
efajoead-12836	115	26	solutions	solution	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	27	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	115	28	3	3	X
efajoead-12836	115	29	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	115	30	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	31	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	32	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	115	33	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	115	34	indicator	indicator	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	35	analyzes	analyze	VERB
efajoead-12836	115	36	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	115	37	impact	impact	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	38	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	115	39	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	40	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	115	41	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	42	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	43	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	115	44	motivation	motivation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	115	45	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	116	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	116	2	learning	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	116	3	environment	environment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	4	involved	involve	VERB
efajoead-12836	116	5	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	116	6	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	116	7	semester	semester	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	8	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	116	9	long	long	ADJ
efajoead-12836	116	10	small	small	ADJ
efajoead-12836	116	11	groups	group	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	12	working	work	VERB
efajoead-12836	116	13	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	116	14	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	116	15	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	16	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	116	17	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	116	18	cases	case	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	19	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	116	20	encourage	encourage	VERB
efajoead-12836	116	21	active	active	ADJ
efajoead-12836	116	22	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	23	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	116	24	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	25	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	116	26	one	one	PRON
efajoead-12836	116	27	's	's	PART
efajoead-12836	116	28	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	29	process	process	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	30	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	116	31	10	10	NUM
efajoead-12836	116	32	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	116	33	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	116	34	4	4	X
efajoead-12836	116	35	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	116	36	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	37	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	116	38	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	39	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	116	40	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	116	41	indicator	indicator	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	42	delves	delve	VERB
efajoead-12836	116	43	into	into	ADP
efajoead-12836	116	44	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	116	45	use	use	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	46	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	116	47	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	48	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	116	49	promote	promote	VERB
efajoead-12836	116	50	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	116	51	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	117	1	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	117	2	explores	explore	VERB
efajoead-12836	117	3	how	how	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	117	4	online	online	ADJ
efajoead-12836	117	5	platforms	platform	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	117	7	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	117	8	tools	tool	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	117	10	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	117	11	multimedia	multimedia	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	12	resources	resource	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	13	encourage	encourage	VERB
efajoead-12836	117	14	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	117	16	provide	provide	VERB
efajoead-12836	117	17	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	18	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	117	19	varying	vary	VERB
efajoead-12836	117	20	types	type	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	21	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	117	22	information	information	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	23	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	117	24	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	117	25	allow	allow	VERB
efajoead-12836	117	26	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	117	27	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	117	28	use	use	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	29	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	117	30	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	31	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	117	32	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	117	33	life	life	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	34	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	117	35	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	117	36	spaces	space	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	37	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	117	38	5	5	X
efajoead-12836	117	39	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	117	40	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	41	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	117	42	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	43	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	44	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	117	45	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	117	46	indicator	indicator	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	47	highlights	highlight	VERB
efajoead-12836	117	48	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	117	49	barriers	barrier	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	50	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	117	51	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	117	52	effective	effective	ADJ
efajoead-12836	117	53	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	54	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	117	55	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	56	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	117	57	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	117	58	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	59	classroom	classroom	NOUN
efajoead-12836	117	60	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	118	1	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	118	2	survey	survey	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	3	was	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	118	4	also	also	ADV
efajoead-12836	118	5	carried	carry	VERB
efajoead-12836	118	6	out	out	ADP
efajoead-12836	118	7	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	118	8	elaborate	elaborate	VERB
efajoead-12836	118	9	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	118	10	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	118	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	12	teachers	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	13	face	face	VERB
efajoead-12836	118	14	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	118	15	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	118	16	widespread	widespread	ADJ
efajoead-12836	118	17	adoption	adoption	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	18	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	118	19	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	118	20	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	118	21	like	like	ADP
efajoead-12836	118	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	23	preparedness	preparedness	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	24	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	118	25	curricular	curricular	ADJ
efajoead-12836	118	26	rigidity	rigidity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	27	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	118	28	limitations	limitation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	29	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	118	30	resources	resource	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	31	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	118	32	6	6	NUM
efajoead-12836	118	33	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	118	34	these	these	DET
efajoead-12836	118	35	indicators	indicator	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	36	served	serve	VERB
efajoead-12836	118	37	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	118	38	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	118	39	framework	framework	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	40	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	118	41	organizing	organize	VERB
efajoead-12836	118	42	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	118	43	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	44	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	118	45	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	118	46	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
efajoead-12836	118	47	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	118	48	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	118	49	results	result	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	50	addressed	address	VERB
efajoead-12836	118	51	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	118	52	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	53	goals	goal	NOUN
efajoead-12836	118	54	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	119	1	they	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	119	2	formed	form	VERB
efajoead-12836	119	3	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	119	4	basis	basis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	119	5	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	119	6	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	119	7	pblbased	pblbase	VERB
efajoead-12836	119	8	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	119	9	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	119	10	was	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	119	11	relevant	relevant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	119	12	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	119	13	terms	term	NOUN
efajoead-12836	119	14	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	119	15	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	119	16	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	119	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	119	18	as	as	ADV
efajoead-12836	119	19	well	well	ADV
efajoead-12836	119	20	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	119	21	barriers	barrier	NOUN
efajoead-12836	119	22	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	119	23	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	119	24	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	119	25	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	119	26	adoption	adoption	NOUN
efajoead-12836	119	27	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	120	1	results	result	NOUN
efajoead-12836	120	2	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	120	3	discussion	discussion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	120	4	results	result	VERB
efajoead-12836	120	5	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	120	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	120	7	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	120	8	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	120	9	identified	identify	VERB
efajoead-12836	120	10	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	120	11	was	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	120	12	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	120	13	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	120	14	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	120	15	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	120	16	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	120	17	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	120	18	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	120	19	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	120	20	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	120	21	efl	efl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	120	22	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	120	23	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	120	24	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	120	25	our	our	PRON
efajoead-12836	120	26	primary	primary	ADJ
efajoead-12836	120	27	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	120	28	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	120	29	four	four	NUM
efajoead-12836	120	30	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	121	1	these	these	DET
efajoead-12836	121	2	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	121	3	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	121	4	derived	derive	VERB
efajoead-12836	121	5	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	121	6	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	121	7	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	121	8	instruments	instrument	NOUN
efajoead-12836	121	9	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	121	10	indicators	indicator	NOUN
efajoead-12836	121	11	employed	employ	VERB
efajoead-12836	121	12	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	121	13	measuring	measure	VERB
efajoead-12836	121	14	effects	effect	NOUN
efajoead-12836	121	15	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	121	16	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	121	17	mastery	mastery	NOUN
efajoead-12836	121	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	121	19	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	121	20	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	121	21	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	121	22	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	121	23	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	121	24	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	121	25	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	122	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	122	2	four	four	NUM
efajoead-12836	122	3	key	key	ADJ
efajoead-12836	122	4	themes	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	5	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	122	6	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	122	7	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	8	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	122	9	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	10	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	11	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	122	12	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	122	13	systematic	systematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	122	14	review	review	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	15	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	122	16	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	122	17	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	18	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	122	19	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	122	20	topic	topic	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	21	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	122	22	one	one	NUM
efajoead-12836	122	23	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	122	24	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	122	25	most	most	ADV
efajoead-12836	122	26	consistent	consistent	ADJ
efajoead-12836	122	27	findings	finding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	28	regarding	regard	VERB
efajoead-12836	122	29	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	122	30	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	122	31	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	122	32	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	122	33	positively	positively	ADV
efajoead-12836	122	34	affects	affect	VERB
efajoead-12836	122	35	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	36	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	37	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	122	38	especially	especially	ADV
efajoead-12836	122	39	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	122	40	its	its	PRON
efajoead-12836	122	41	productive	productive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	122	42	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	43	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	122	44	speaking	speak	VERB
efajoead-12836	122	45	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	122	46	writing	writing	NOUN
efajoead-12836	122	47	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	123	1	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	123	2	tasks	task	NOUN
efajoead-12836	123	3	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	123	4	revolve	revolve	VERB
efajoead-12836	123	5	around	around	ADP
efajoead-12836	123	6	problems	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	123	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	123	8	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	123	9	must	must	AUX
efajoead-12836	123	10	communicate	communicate	VERB
efajoead-12836	123	11	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	123	12	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
efajoead-12836	123	13	ways	way	NOUN
efajoead-12836	123	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	123	15	not	not	PART
efajoead-12836	123	16	merely	merely	ADV
efajoead-12836	123	17	parroting	parrot	VERB
efajoead-12836	123	18	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	124	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	124	2	tasks	task	NOUN
efajoead-12836	124	3	require	require	VERB
efajoead-12836	124	4	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	124	5	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	124	6	negotiate	negotiate	VERB
efajoead-12836	124	7	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	124	8	meaning	meaning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	124	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	124	10	construct	construct	VERB
efajoead-12836	124	11	arguments	argument	NOUN
efajoead-12836	124	12	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	124	13	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	124	14	communicate	communicate	VERB
efajoead-12836	124	15	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	124	16	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	124	17	time	time	NOUN
efajoead-12836	124	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	124	19	all	all	PRON
efajoead-12836	124	20	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	124	21	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	124	22	result	result	VERB
efajoead-12836	124	23	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	124	24	improved	improved	ADJ
efajoead-12836	124	25	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	124	26	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	124	27	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	125	1	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	125	2	instance	instance	NOUN
efajoead-12836	125	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	125	4	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	125	5	prabowo	prabowo	NOUN
efajoead-12836	125	6	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	125	7	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	125	8	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	125	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	125	10	2021	2021	NUM
efajoead-12836	125	11	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	125	12	found	find	VERB
efajoead-12836	125	13	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	125	14	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	125	15	who	who	PRON
efajoead-12836	125	16	participated	participate	VERB
efajoead-12836	125	17	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	125	18	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	125	19	experienced	experience	VERB
efajoead-12836	125	20	significant	significant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	125	21	growth	growth	NOUN
efajoead-12836	125	22	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	125	23	oral	oral	ADJ
efajoead-12836	125	24	fluency	fluency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	125	25	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	125	26	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	125	27	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	125	28	particularly	particularly	ADV
efajoead-12836	125	29	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	125	30	presentations	presentation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	125	31	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	125	32	group	group	NOUN
efajoead-12836	125	33	discussions	discussion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	125	34	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	126	1	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	126	2	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	126	3	highly	highly	ADV
efajoead-12836	126	4	interactive	interactive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	126	5	by	by	ADP
efajoead-12836	126	6	nature	nature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	126	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	126	8	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	126	9	fauziyatul	fauziyatul	VERB
efajoead-12836	126	10	uzma	uzma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	126	11	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	126	12	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	126	13	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	126	14	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	126	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	126	16	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	126	17	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	126	18	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	126	19	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	126	20	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	126	21	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	126	22	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	126	23	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	126	24	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	126	25	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	126	26	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	126	27	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	126	28	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	126	29	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	126	30	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	126	31	158	158	NUM
efajoead-12836	127	1	|	|	ADV
efajoead-12836	127	2	v	v	ADP
efajoead-12836	127	3	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	127	4	l	l	NOUN
efajoead-12836	127	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	128	1	9	9	NUM
efajoead-12836	128	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	128	3	n	n	NOUN
efajoead-12836	128	4	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	128	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	129	1	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	129	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	129	3	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	129	4	0	0	NUM
efajoead-12836	129	5	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	129	6	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	129	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	129	8	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	129	9	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	129	10	3	3	NUM
efajoead-12836	129	11	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	129	12	6	6	NUM
efajoead-12836	129	13	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	129	14	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	129	15	creates	create	VERB
efajoead-12836	129	16	plenty	plenty	NOUN
efajoead-12836	129	17	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	129	18	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	129	19	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	129	20	peer	peer	NOUN
efajoead-12836	129	21	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	129	22	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	129	23	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	129	24	peer	peer	NOUN
efajoead-12836	129	25	communication	communication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	129	26	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	129	27	increases	increase	VERB
efajoead-12836	129	28	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	129	29	output	output	NOUN
efajoead-12836	129	30	even	even	ADV
efajoead-12836	129	31	more	more	ADV
efajoead-12836	129	32	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	1	table	table	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	2	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	130	3	.	.	X
efajoead-12836	130	4	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	5	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	130	6	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	7	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	8	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	130	9	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	130	10	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	11	skill	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	12	improved	improve	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	13	method	method	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	14	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	130	15	assessment	assessment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	16	findings	finding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	17	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	18	prabowo	prabowo	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	19	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	130	20	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	130	21	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	130	22	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	23	2021	2021	NUM
efajoead-12836	130	24	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	25	speaking	speak	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	26	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	27	writing	write	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	28	oral	oral	ADJ
efajoead-12836	130	29	fluency	fluency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	30	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	31	written	write	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	32	tasks	task	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	33	significant	significant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	130	34	improvement	improvement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	35	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	130	36	fluency	fluency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	37	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	130	38	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	39	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	40	orhan	orhan	PROPN
efajoead-12836	130	41	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	42	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	130	43	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	44	speaking	speak	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	45	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	46	writing	write	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	47	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	48	listening	listen	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	49	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	130	50	tests	test	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	51	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	52	presentations	presentation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	53	higher	high	ADJ
efajoead-12836	130	54	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	55	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	56	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	130	57	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	130	58	tasks	task	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	59	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	60	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	130	61	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	130	62	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	63	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	130	64	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	65	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	66	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	67	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	68	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	130	69	second	second	ADJ
efajoead-12836	130	70	theme	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	71	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	130	72	emerge	emerge	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	73	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	130	74	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	130	75	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	76	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	130	77	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	130	78	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	130	79	promotes	promote	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	80	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	130	81	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	82	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	130	83	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	84	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	130	85	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	130	86	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	130	87	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	131	1	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	131	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
efajoead-12836	131	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	131	4	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
efajoead-12836	131	5	rote	rote	ADJ
efajoead-12836	131	6	memorization	memorization	NOUN
efajoead-12836	131	7	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	131	8	passive	passive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	131	9	repetition	repetition	NOUN
efajoead-12836	131	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	131	11	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	131	12	pushes	push	VERB
efajoead-12836	131	13	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	131	14	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	131	15	examine	examine	VERB
efajoead-12836	131	16	complex	complex	ADJ
efajoead-12836	131	17	issues	issue	NOUN
efajoead-12836	131	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	131	19	weigh	weigh	VERB
efajoead-12836	131	20	conflicting	conflicting	ADJ
efajoead-12836	131	21	points	point	NOUN
efajoead-12836	131	22	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	131	23	view	view	NOUN
efajoead-12836	131	24	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	131	25	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	131	26	develop	develop	VERB
efajoead-12836	131	27	sound	sound	ADJ
efajoead-12836	131	28	solutions	solution	NOUN
efajoead-12836	131	29	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	132	1	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	132	2	encourages	encourage	VERB
efajoead-12836	132	3	higher	high	ADJ
efajoead-12836	132	4	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	132	5	order	order	NOUN
efajoead-12836	132	6	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	132	7	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	132	8	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	132	9	vital	vital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	132	10	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	132	11	accomplishment	accomplishment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	132	12	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	132	13	academia	academia	NOUN
efajoead-12836	132	14	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	132	15	industry	industry	NOUN
efajoead-12836	132	16	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	133	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	133	2	orhan	orhan	PROPN
efajoead-12836	133	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	133	4	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	133	5	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	133	6	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	133	7	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	133	8	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
efajoead-12836	133	9	improved	improved	ADJ
efajoead-12836	133	10	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	133	11	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	133	12	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
efajoead-12836	133	13	evidence	evidence	NOUN
efajoead-12836	133	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	133	15	developing	develop	VERB
efajoead-12836	133	16	arguments	argument	NOUN
efajoead-12836	133	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	133	18	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	133	19	generating	generate	VERB
efajoead-12836	133	20	solutions	solution	NOUN
efajoead-12836	133	21	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	134	1	likewise	likewise	ADV
efajoead-12836	134	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	134	3	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	134	4	theme	theme	NOUN
efajoead-12836	134	5	also	also	ADV
efajoead-12836	134	6	serves	serve	VERB
efajoead-12836	134	7	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	134	8	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	134	9	growth	growth	NOUN
efajoead-12836	134	10	part	part	NOUN
efajoead-12836	134	11	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	134	12	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	134	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	134	14	where	where	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	134	15	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	134	16	immerse	immerse	VERB
efajoead-12836	134	17	themselves	themselves	PRON
efajoead-12836	134	18	more	more	ADV
efajoead-12836	134	19	into	into	ADP
efajoead-12836	134	20	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	134	21	subject	subject	NOUN
efajoead-12836	134	22	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	134	23	develop	develop	VERB
efajoead-12836	134	24	their	their	PRON
efajoead-12836	134	25	analytical	analytical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	134	26	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	134	27	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	135	1	table	table	NOUN
efajoead-12836	135	2	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	135	3	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	1	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	2	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	136	3	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	136	4	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	5	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	136	6	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	7	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	8	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	136	9	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	10	skill	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	11	improved	improve	VERB
efajoead-12836	136	12	method	method	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	13	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	136	14	assessment	assessment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	15	findings	finding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	16	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	17	orhan	orhan	PROPN
efajoead-12836	136	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	19	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	136	20	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	21	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	136	22	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	23	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	24	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	25	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	136	26	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	27	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	136	28	solutions	solution	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	29	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	30	peer	peer	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	31	discussions	discussion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	32	significant	significant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	136	33	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	34	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	136	35	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	136	36	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	37	abilities	ability	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	38	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	39	kök	kök	PROPN
efajoead-12836	136	40	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	136	41	duman	duman	PROPN
efajoead-12836	136	42	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	43	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	136	44	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	45	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	136	46	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	47	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	48	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	49	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	136	50	activities	activity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	51	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	52	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	136	53	higher	high	ADJ
efajoead-12836	136	54	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	55	order	order	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	56	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	136	57	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	58	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	59	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	136	60	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	136	61	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	62	while	while	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	136	63	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	136	64	reported	report	VERB
efajoead-12836	136	65	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	66	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	136	67	encouraging	encouraging	ADJ
efajoead-12836	136	68	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	136	69	some	some	DET
efajoead-12836	136	70	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	71	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	136	72	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	136	73	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	74	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	136	75	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	136	76	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	136	77	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	136	78	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	79	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	136	80	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	136	81	discussed	discuss	VERB
efajoead-12836	136	82	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	137	1	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	137	2	chief	chief	ADJ
efajoead-12836	137	3	obstacle	obstacle	NOUN
efajoead-12836	137	4	involves	involve	VERB
efajoead-12836	137	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	137	6	readiness	readiness	NOUN
efajoead-12836	137	7	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	138	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	138	2	who	who	PRON
efajoead-12836	138	3	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	138	4	primarily	primarily	ADV
efajoead-12836	138	5	trained	train	VERB
efajoead-12836	138	6	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	138	7	traditional	traditional	ADJ
efajoead-12836	138	8	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	138	9	will	will	AUX
efajoead-12836	138	10	struggle	struggle	VERB
efajoead-12836	138	11	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	138	12	shape	shape	VERB
efajoead-12836	138	13	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	138	14	mindset	mindset	NOUN
efajoead-12836	138	15	needed	need	VERB
efajoead-12836	138	16	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	138	17	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	138	18	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	138	19	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	138	20	centered	center	VERB
efajoead-12836	138	21	approach	approach	NOUN
efajoead-12836	138	22	required	require	VERB
efajoead-12836	138	23	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	138	24	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	138	25	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	139	1	according	accord	VERB
efajoead-12836	139	2	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	139	3	kök	kök	PROPN
efajoead-12836	139	4	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	139	5	duman	duman	PROPN
efajoead-12836	139	6	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	139	7	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	139	8	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	139	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	139	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	139	11	find	find	VERB
efajoead-12836	139	12	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	139	13	more	more	ADV
efajoead-12836	139	14	difficult	difficult	ADJ
efajoead-12836	139	15	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	139	16	balance	balance	VERB
efajoead-12836	139	17	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	139	18	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	139	19	guidance	guidance	NOUN
efajoead-12836	139	20	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	139	21	these	these	DET
efajoead-12836	139	22	types	type	NOUN
efajoead-12836	139	23	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	139	24	activities	activity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	139	25	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	139	26	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	139	27	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	139	28	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	139	29	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	139	30	therefore	therefore	ADV
efajoead-12836	139	31	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	139	32	its	its	PRON
efajoead-12836	139	33	overall	overall	ADJ
efajoead-12836	139	34	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	139	35	process	process	NOUN
efajoead-12836	139	36	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
efajoead-12836	139	37	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	140	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
efajoead-12836	140	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	140	3	curricular	curricular	ADJ
efajoead-12836	140	4	constraints	constraint	NOUN
efajoead-12836	140	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	140	6	standardized	standardized	ADJ
efajoead-12836	140	7	testing	testing	NOUN
efajoead-12836	140	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	140	9	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	140	10	time	time	NOUN
efajoead-12836	140	11	constraints	constraint	NOUN
efajoead-12836	140	12	can	can	AUX
efajoead-12836	140	13	pose	pose	VERB
efajoead-12836	140	14	barriers	barrier	NOUN
efajoead-12836	140	15	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	140	16	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	140	17	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	140	18	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	140	19	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	140	20	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	140	21	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	140	22	same	same	ADJ
efajoead-12836	140	23	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	140	24	systems	system	NOUN
efajoead-12836	140	25	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	141	1	also	also	ADV
efajoead-12836	141	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	141	3	be	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	141	4	aware	aware	ADJ
efajoead-12836	141	5	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	141	6	passive	passive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	141	7	learners	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	141	8	may	may	AUX
efajoead-12836	141	9	need	need	VERB
efajoead-12836	141	10	scaffolds	scaffold	NOUN
efajoead-12836	141	11	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	141	12	develop	develop	VERB
efajoead-12836	141	13	ownership	ownership	NOUN
efajoead-12836	141	14	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	141	15	their	their	PRON
efajoead-12836	141	16	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	141	17	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	141	18	may	may	AUX
efajoead-12836	141	19	resist	resist	VERB
efajoead-12836	141	20	self	self	NOUN
efajoead-12836	141	21	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	141	22	directed	direct	VERB
efajoead-12836	141	23	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	141	24	or	or	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	141	25	teamwork	teamwork	NOUN
efajoead-12836	141	26	initially	initially	ADV
efajoead-12836	141	27	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	142	1	table	table	NOUN
efajoead-12836	142	2	3	3	NUM
efajoead-12836	142	3	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	143	1	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	2	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	143	3	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	5	challenge	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	6	description	description	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	7	impact	impact	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	8	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	143	9	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	143	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	11	fauziyatul	fauziyatul	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	12	uzma	uzma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	143	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	143	14	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	143	15	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	143	16	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	143	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	143	18	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	143	19	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	143	20	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	21	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	143	22	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	23	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	143	24	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	143	25	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	26	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	143	27	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	143	28	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	29	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	30	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	143	31	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	143	32	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	143	33	159	159	NUM
efajoead-12836	144	1	|	|	NOUN
efajoead-12836	144	2	v	v	ADP
efajoead-12836	144	3	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	144	4	l	l	NOUN
efajoead-12836	144	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	145	1	9	9	NUM
efajoead-12836	145	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	145	3	n	n	NOUN
efajoead-12836	145	4	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	145	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	146	1	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	146	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	146	3	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	146	4	0	0	NUM
efajoead-12836	146	5	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	146	6	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	146	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	146	8	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	146	9	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	146	10	3	3	NUM
efajoead-12836	146	11	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	146	12	6	6	NUM
efajoead-12836	146	13	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	146	14	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	146	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	16	preparedness	preparedness	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	17	lack	lack	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	18	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	146	19	training	training	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	20	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	146	21	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	22	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	23	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	24	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	146	25	balancing	balance	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	26	guidance	guidance	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	27	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	146	28	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	29	exploration	exploration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	30	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	31	rigidity	rigidity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	32	fixed	fix	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	33	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	34	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	146	35	standardized	standardized	ADJ
efajoead-12836	146	36	assessments	assessment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	37	limited	limit	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	38	space	space	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	39	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	146	40	openended	openende	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	41	tasks	task	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	42	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	43	adaptation	adaptation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	44	struggles	struggle	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	45	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	146	46	self	self	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	47	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	146	48	directed	direct	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	49	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	50	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	146	51	team	team	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	52	activities	activity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	53	need	need	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	54	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	146	55	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	56	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	146	57	gradual	gradual	ADJ
efajoead-12836	146	58	adaptation	adaptation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	59	role	role	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	60	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	146	61	technological	technological	ADJ
efajoead-12836	146	62	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	63	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	64	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	146	65	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	146	66	essential	essential	ADJ
efajoead-12836	146	67	part	part	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	68	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	146	69	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	146	70	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	71	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	72	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	146	73	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	146	74	environments	environment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	75	was	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	146	76	identified	identify	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	77	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	146	78	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	146	79	key	key	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	80	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	146	81	supporting	support	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	82	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	83	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	146	84	achieving	achieve	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	85	wider	wide	ADJ
efajoead-12836	146	86	reach	reach	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	87	while	while	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	146	88	boosting	boost	VERB
efajoead-12836	146	89	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	90	activities	activity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	146	91	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	147	1	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	147	2	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	147	3	jaleniauskiene	jaleniauskiene	PROPN
efajoead-12836	147	4	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	147	5	lisaite	lisaite	ADJ
efajoead-12836	147	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	147	7	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	147	8	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	147	9	have	have	AUX
efajoead-12836	147	10	stated	state	VERB
efajoead-12836	147	11	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	147	12	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	147	13	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
efajoead-12836	147	14	group	group	NOUN
efajoead-12836	147	15	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	147	16	online	online	ADV
efajoead-12836	147	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	147	18	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	147	19	accessibility	accessibility	NOUN
efajoead-12836	147	20	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	147	21	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	147	22	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	147	23	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	147	24	resources	resource	NOUN
efajoead-12836	147	25	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	147	26	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	147	27	multimedia	multimedia	NOUN
efajoead-12836	147	28	use	use	NOUN
efajoead-12836	147	29	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	147	30	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	147	31	enrich	enrich	VERB
efajoead-12836	147	32	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	147	33	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	147	34	experience	experience	NOUN
efajoead-12836	147	35	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	148	1	nonetheless	nonetheless	ADV
efajoead-12836	148	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	148	3	as	as	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	148	4	pointed	point	VERB
efajoead-12836	148	5	out	out	ADP
efajoead-12836	148	6	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	148	7	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	148	8	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	148	10	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	148	11	successful	successful	ADJ
efajoead-12836	148	12	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	13	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	148	14	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	15	remains	remain	VERB
efajoead-12836	148	16	dependent	dependent	ADJ
efajoead-12836	148	17	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	148	18	adequate	adequate	ADJ
efajoead-12836	148	19	planning	planning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	20	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	148	21	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
efajoead-12836	148	22	levels	level	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	23	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	148	24	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	148	25	literacy	literacy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	26	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	148	27	as	as	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	148	28	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	29	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	148	30	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	31	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	148	32	levels	level	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	33	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	148	34	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	35	can	can	AUX
efajoead-12836	148	36	create	create	VERB
efajoead-12836	148	37	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	148	38	inequitable	inequitable	ADJ
efajoead-12836	148	39	environment	environment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	40	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	148	41	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	148	42	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	148	43	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	148	44	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	148	45	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	149	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	149	2	challenge	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	149	3	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	149	4	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	149	5	make	make	VERB
efajoead-12836	149	6	sure	sure	ADJ
efajoead-12836	149	7	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	149	8	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	149	9	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	149	10	enabler	enabler	NOUN
efajoead-12836	149	11	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	149	12	not	not	PART
efajoead-12836	149	13	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	149	14	distraction	distraction	NOUN
efajoead-12836	149	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	149	16	especially	especially	ADV
efajoead-12836	149	17	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	149	18	under	under	ADV
efajoead-12836	149	19	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	149	20	resourced	resource	VERB
efajoead-12836	149	21	settings	setting	NOUN
efajoead-12836	149	22	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	150	1	table	table	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	2	4	4	NUM
efajoead-12836	150	3	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	150	4	role	role	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	5	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	150	6	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	7	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	150	8	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	150	9	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	10	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	11	used	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	150	12	role	role	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	13	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	150	14	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	150	15	findings	findings	PROPN
efajoead-12836	150	16	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	150	17	jaleniauskiene	jaleniauskiene	PROPN
efajoead-12836	150	18	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	150	19	lisaite	lisaite	ADJ
efajoead-12836	150	20	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	150	21	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	150	22	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	150	23	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	150	24	tools	tool	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	25	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	150	26	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	150	27	repositories	repository	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	28	enhancing	enhance	VERB
efajoead-12836	150	29	communication	communication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	30	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	150	31	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	32	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	150	33	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	150	34	resource	resource	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	35	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	36	improved	improve	VERB
efajoead-12836	150	37	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	38	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	39	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	150	40	resource	resource	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	41	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	42	discussion	discussion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	43	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	150	44	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	150	45	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	46	results	result	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	47	overwhelmingly	overwhelmingly	ADV
efajoead-12836	150	48	suggest	suggest	VERB
efajoead-12836	150	49	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	150	50	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	150	51	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	150	52	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	150	53	effective	effective	ADJ
efajoead-12836	150	54	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	150	55	strategy	strategy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	56	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	150	57	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
efajoead-12836	150	58	both	both	PRON
efajoead-12836	150	59	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	60	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	150	61	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	150	62	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	150	63	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	151	1	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	151	2	provides	provide	VERB
efajoead-12836	151	3	active	active	ADJ
efajoead-12836	151	4	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	151	5	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	151	6	authentic	authentic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	151	7	activities	activity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	151	8	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	151	9	require	require	VERB
efajoead-12836	151	10	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	151	11	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	151	12	use	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	151	13	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	151	14	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	151	15	new	new	ADJ
efajoead-12836	151	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	151	17	relevant	relevant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	151	18	contexts	contexts	NOUN
efajoead-12836	151	19	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	152	1	such	such	DET
efajoead-12836	152	2	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	152	3	approach	approach	NOUN
efajoead-12836	152	4	would	would	AUX
efajoead-12836	152	5	connect	connect	VERB
efajoead-12836	152	6	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	152	7	modern	modern	ADJ
efajoead-12836	152	8	theories	theory	NOUN
efajoead-12836	152	9	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	152	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	152	11	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	152	12	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	152	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	152	14	notably	notably	ADV
efajoead-12836	152	15	those	those	PRON
efajoead-12836	152	16	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	152	17	have	have	AUX
efajoead-12836	152	18	evolved	evolve	VERB
efajoead-12836	152	19	around	around	ADP
efajoead-12836	152	20	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	152	21	necessary	necessary	ADJ
efajoead-12836	152	22	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	152	23	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	152	24	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	152	25	formal	formal	ADJ
efajoead-12836	152	26	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	152	27	ought	ought	AUX
efajoead-12836	152	28	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	152	29	be	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	152	30	centered	center	VERB
efajoead-12836	152	31	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	152	32	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	152	33	current	current	ADJ
efajoead-12836	152	34	era	era	NOUN
efajoead-12836	152	35	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	152	36	such	such	ADJ
efajoead-12836	152	37	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	152	38	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	152	39	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	152	40	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	152	41	creativity	creativity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	152	42	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	152	43	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	152	44	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	152	45	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	152	46	communication	communication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	152	47	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	153	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	153	2	trilling	trilling	NOUN
efajoead-12836	153	3	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	153	4	fadel	fadel	PROPN
efajoead-12836	153	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	153	6	2009a);(world	2009a);(world	NUM
efajoead-12836	153	7	economic	economic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	153	8	forum	forum	NOUN
efajoead-12836	153	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	153	10	2020	2020	NUM
efajoead-12836	153	11	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	153	12	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	154	1	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	154	2	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	154	3	was	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	154	4	improved	improve	VERB
efajoead-12836	154	5	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	154	6	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	154	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	154	8	especially	especially	ADV
efajoead-12836	154	9	productive	productive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	154	10	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	154	11	such	such	ADJ
efajoead-12836	154	12	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	154	13	speaking	speak	VERB
efajoead-12836	154	14	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	154	15	writing	writing	NOUN
efajoead-12836	154	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	154	17	as	as	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	154	18	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	154	19	performing	perform	VERB
efajoead-12836	154	20	real	real	ADJ
efajoead-12836	154	21	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	154	22	world	world	NOUN
efajoead-12836	154	23	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	154	24	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	154	25	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	154	26	tasks	task	NOUN
efajoead-12836	154	27	had	have	VERB
efajoead-12836	154	28	authentic	authentic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	154	29	communication	communication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	154	30	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	155	1	thus	thus	ADV
efajoead-12836	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	155	3	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	155	4	finding	finding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	155	5	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	155	6	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	155	7	line	line	NOUN
efajoead-12836	155	8	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	155	9	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	155	10	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	155	11	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	155	12	communicative	communicative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	155	13	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	155	14	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	155	15	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	155	16	clt	clt	PROPN
efajoead-12836	155	17	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	155	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	155	19	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	155	20	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
efajoead-12836	155	21	using	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	155	22	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	155	23	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	155	24	context	context	NOUN
efajoead-12836	155	25	as	as	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	155	26	opposed	oppose	VERB
efajoead-12836	155	27	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	155	28	mindlessly	mindlessly	ADV
efajoead-12836	155	29	constructing	construct	VERB
efajoead-12836	155	30	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	155	31	forms	form	NOUN
efajoead-12836	155	32	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	156	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	156	2	richards	richard	NOUN
efajoead-12836	156	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	156	4	2006	2006	NUM
efajoead-12836	156	5	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	156	6	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	157	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	157	2	focus	focus	NOUN
efajoead-12836	157	3	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	157	4	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	157	5	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	157	6	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	157	7	problemsolving	problemsolving	NOUN
efajoead-12836	157	8	also	also	ADV
efajoead-12836	157	9	aligns	align	VERB
efajoead-12836	157	10	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	157	11	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	157	12	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	157	13	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	157	14	aspect	aspect	NOUN
efajoead-12836	157	15	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	157	16	constructivism	constructivism	NOUN
efajoead-12836	157	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	157	18	as	as	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	157	19	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	157	20	tackle	tackle	VERB
efajoead-12836	157	21	intricate	intricate	ADJ
efajoead-12836	157	22	problems	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	157	23	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	157	24	build	build	VERB
efajoead-12836	157	25	higher	high	ADJ
efajoead-12836	157	26	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	157	27	order	order	NOUN
efajoead-12836	157	28	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	157	29	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	157	30	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	158	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	158	2	hmelo	hmelo	NOUN
efajoead-12836	158	3	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	158	4	silver	silver	NOUN
efajoead-12836	158	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	158	6	2004	2004	NUM
efajoead-12836	158	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	158	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	159	1	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	159	2	said	say	VERB
efajoead-12836	159	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	159	4	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	159	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	159	6	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	159	7	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	159	8	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	159	9	should	should	AUX
efajoead-12836	159	10	not	not	PART
efajoead-12836	159	11	be	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	159	12	ignored	ignore	VERB
efajoead-12836	159	13	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	160	1	significant	significant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	160	2	barriers	barrier	NOUN
efajoead-12836	160	3	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	160	4	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	160	5	successful	successful	ADJ
efajoead-12836	160	6	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	160	7	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	160	8	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	160	9	identified	identify	VERB
efajoead-12836	160	10	were	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	160	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	160	12	readiness	readiness	NOUN
efajoead-12836	160	13	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	160	14	curricular	curricular	ADJ
efajoead-12836	160	15	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
efajoead-12836	160	16	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	161	1	these	these	DET
efajoead-12836	161	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	161	3	lend	lend	VERB
efajoead-12836	161	4	further	further	ADJ
efajoead-12836	161	5	credence	credence	NOUN
efajoead-12836	161	6	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	161	7	kök	kök	PROPN
efajoead-12836	161	8	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	161	9	duman	duman	PROPN
efajoead-12836	161	10	's	's	PART
efajoead-12836	161	11	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	161	12	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	161	13	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	161	14	claim	claim	VERB
efajoead-12836	161	15	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	161	16	teacher	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	161	17	training	training	NOUN
efajoead-12836	161	18	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	161	19	key	key	ADJ
efajoead-12836	161	20	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	161	21	ensuring	ensure	VERB
efajoead-12836	161	22	effective	effective	ADJ
efajoead-12836	161	23	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	161	24	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	161	25	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	162	1	likewise	likewise	ADV
efajoead-12836	162	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	162	3	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	162	4	problems	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	5	concerning	concern	VERB
efajoead-12836	162	6	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	7	'	'	PART
efajoead-12836	162	8	adaptation	adaptation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	9	align	align	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	10	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	162	11	alghamdy	alghamdy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	12	's	's	PART
efajoead-12836	162	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	162	14	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	162	15	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	162	16	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	162	18	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	162	19	also	also	ADV
efajoead-12836	162	20	states	state	VERB
efajoead-12836	162	21	that	that	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	162	22	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	23	who	who	PRON
efajoead-12836	162	24	fauziyatul	fauziyatul	VERB
efajoead-12836	162	25	uzma	uzma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	162	26	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	162	27	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	162	28	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	162	29	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	162	30	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	162	31	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	162	32	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	162	33	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	34	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	162	35	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	36	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	162	37	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	162	38	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	39	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	162	40	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	162	41	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	42	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	43	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	162	44	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	162	45	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	162	46	160	160	NUM
efajoead-12836	163	1	|	|	NOUN
efajoead-12836	163	2	v	v	ADP
efajoead-12836	163	3	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	163	4	l	l	NOUN
efajoead-12836	163	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	164	1	9	9	NUM
efajoead-12836	164	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	164	3	n	n	NOUN
efajoead-12836	164	4	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	164	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	165	1	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	165	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	165	3	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	165	4	0	0	NUM
efajoead-12836	165	5	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	165	6	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	165	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	165	8	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	165	9	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	165	10	3	3	NUM
efajoead-12836	165	11	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	165	12	6	6	NUM
efajoead-12836	165	13	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	165	14	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	165	15	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	165	16	used	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	165	17	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	165	18	being	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	165	19	taught	teach	VERB
efajoead-12836	165	20	using	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	165	21	conventional	conventional	ADJ
efajoead-12836	165	22	methods	method	NOUN
efajoead-12836	165	23	require	require	VERB
efajoead-12836	165	24	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	165	25	prescription	prescription	NOUN
efajoead-12836	165	26	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	165	27	how	how	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	165	28	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	165	29	embark	embark	VERB
efajoead-12836	165	30	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	165	31	self	self	NOUN
efajoead-12836	165	32	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	165	33	directed	direct	VERB
efajoead-12836	165	34	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	165	35	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	165	36	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	165	37	gradually	gradually	ADV
efajoead-12836	165	38	help	help	VERB
efajoead-12836	165	39	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	165	40	enable	enable	VERB
efajoead-12836	165	41	them	they	PRON
efajoead-12836	165	42	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	165	43	embark	embark	VERB
efajoead-12836	165	44	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	165	45	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	165	46	tasks	task	NOUN
efajoead-12836	165	47	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	166	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	166	2	findings	finding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	166	3	highlight	highlight	VERB
efajoead-12836	166	4	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	166	5	importance	importance	NOUN
efajoead-12836	166	6	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	166	7	techno	techno	NOUN
efajoead-12836	166	8	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	166	9	activity	activity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	166	10	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	166	11	supporting	support	VERB
efajoead-12836	166	12	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	166	13	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	167	1	also	also	ADV
efajoead-12836	167	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	167	3	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	167	4	offers	offer	VERB
efajoead-12836	167	5	tools	tool	NOUN
efajoead-12836	167	6	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	167	7	can	can	AUX
efajoead-12836	167	8	promote	promote	VERB
efajoead-12836	167	9	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	167	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	167	11	enable	enable	VERB
efajoead-12836	167	12	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	167	13	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	167	14	relevant	relevant	ADJ
efajoead-12836	167	15	information	information	NOUN
efajoead-12836	167	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	167	17	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	167	18	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
efajoead-12836	167	19	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
efajoead-12836	167	20	channels	channel	NOUN
efajoead-12836	167	21	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	167	22	communication	communication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	167	23	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	167	24	which	which	PRON
efajoead-12836	167	25	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	167	26	essential	essential	ADJ
efajoead-12836	167	27	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	167	28	proper	proper	ADJ
efajoead-12836	167	29	pbl	pbl	NOUN
efajoead-12836	167	30	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	167	31	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	168	1	such	such	ADJ
efajoead-12836	168	2	aspects	aspect	NOUN
efajoead-12836	168	3	supplement	supplement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	168	4	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	168	5	jaleniauskiene	jaleniauskiene	NOUN
efajoead-12836	168	6	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	168	7	lisaite	lisaite	ADJ
efajoead-12836	168	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	168	9	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	168	10	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	168	11	results	result	NOUN
efajoead-12836	168	12	regarding	regard	VERB
efajoead-12836	168	13	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	168	14	positive	positive	ADJ
efajoead-12836	168	15	influence	influence	NOUN
efajoead-12836	168	16	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	168	17	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	168	18	tools	tool	NOUN
efajoead-12836	168	19	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	168	20	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	168	21	settings	setting	NOUN
efajoead-12836	168	22	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	169	1	yet	yet	ADV
efajoead-12836	169	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	169	3	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	169	4	need	need	NOUN
efajoead-12836	169	5	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	169	6	equitable	equitable	ADJ
efajoead-12836	169	7	learning	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	169	8	experiences	experience	NOUN
efajoead-12836	169	9	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	169	10	paramount	paramount	ADJ
efajoead-12836	169	11	when	when	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	169	12	considering	consider	VERB
efajoead-12836	169	13	differences	difference	NOUN
efajoead-12836	169	14	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	169	15	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	169	16	literacy	literacy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	169	17	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	169	18	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	169	19	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	169	20	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	169	21	across	across	ADP
efajoead-12836	169	22	diverse	diverse	ADJ
efajoead-12836	169	23	populations	population	NOUN
efajoead-12836	169	24	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	170	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	170	2	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	170	3	summarize	summarize	VERB
efajoead-12836	170	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	170	5	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	170	6	has	have	AUX
efajoead-12836	170	7	shown	show	VERB
efajoead-12836	170	8	great	great	ADJ
efajoead-12836	170	9	promise	promise	NOUN
efajoead-12836	170	10	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	170	11	improving	improve	VERB
efajoead-12836	170	12	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	170	13	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	170	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	170	15	developing	develop	VERB
efajoead-12836	170	16	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	170	17	thinking	thinking	NOUN
efajoead-12836	170	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	170	19	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	170	20	increasing	increase	VERB
efajoead-12836	170	21	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	170	22	engagement	engagement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	170	23	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	171	1	however	however	ADV
efajoead-12836	171	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	171	3	successful	successful	ADJ
efajoead-12836	171	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	171	5	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	171	6	contingent	contingent	ADJ
efajoead-12836	171	7	upon	upon	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	171	8	overcoming	overcome	VERB
efajoead-12836	171	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	171	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	171	11	including	include	VERB
efajoead-12836	171	12	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	171	13	lack	lack	NOUN
efajoead-12836	171	14	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	171	15	preparedness	preparedness	NOUN
efajoead-12836	171	16	among	among	ADP
efajoead-12836	171	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	171	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	171	19	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	171	20	lack	lack	NOUN
efajoead-12836	171	21	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	171	22	curricular	curricular	ADJ
efajoead-12836	171	23	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
efajoead-12836	171	24	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	171	25	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	171	26	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	171	27	lack	lack	NOUN
efajoead-12836	171	28	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	171	29	resources	resource	NOUN
efajoead-12836	171	30	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	172	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
efajoead-12836	172	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	172	3	access	access	NOUN
efajoead-12836	172	4	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	172	5	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	172	6	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	172	7	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	172	8	literacy	literacy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	172	9	are	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	172	10	critical	critical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	172	11	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	172	12	promoting	promote	VERB
efajoead-12836	172	13	effective	effective	ADJ
efajoead-12836	172	14	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	172	15	integration	integration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	172	16	within	within	ADP
efajoead-12836	172	17	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	172	18	environments	environment	NOUN
efajoead-12836	172	19	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	172	20	presenting	present	VERB
efajoead-12836	172	21	both	both	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	172	22	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	172	23	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	172	24	challenges	challenge	NOUN
efajoead-12836	172	25	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	173	1	while	while	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	173	2	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	173	3	findings	finding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	4	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	173	5	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	173	6	study	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	7	indicate	indicate	VERB
efajoead-12836	173	8	that	that	PRON
efajoead-12836	173	9	pbl	pbl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	173	10	can	can	AUX
efajoead-12836	173	11	be	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	173	12	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	173	13	effective	effective	ADJ
efajoead-12836	173	14	way	way	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	15	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	173	16	21st	21st	ADJ
efajoead-12836	173	17	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	173	18	century	century	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	19	skill	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	20	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	21	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	173	22	learners	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	23	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	173	24	it	it	PRON
efajoead-12836	173	25	requires	require	VERB
efajoead-12836	173	26	proper	proper	ADJ
efajoead-12836	173	27	utilization	utilization	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	28	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	173	29	should	should	AUX
efajoead-12836	173	30	be	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	173	31	understood	understand	VERB
efajoead-12836	173	32	as	as	ADP
efajoead-12836	173	33	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	173	34	effective	effective	ADJ
efajoead-12836	173	35	educational	educational	ADJ
efajoead-12836	173	36	tool	tool	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	37	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	173	38	context	context	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	39	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	173	40	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	173	41	consideration	consideration	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	42	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	173	43	teacher	teacher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	44	resources	resource	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	45	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	173	46	availability	availability	NOUN
efajoead-12836	173	47	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	174	1	acknowledgement	acknowledgement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	174	2	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	174	3	researcher	researcher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	174	4	would	would	AUX
efajoead-12836	174	5	like	like	VERB
efajoead-12836	174	6	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	174	7	thank	thank	VERB
efajoead-12836	174	8	all	all	DET
efajoead-12836	174	9	parties	party	NOUN
efajoead-12836	174	10	who	who	PRON
efajoead-12836	174	11	have	have	AUX
efajoead-12836	174	12	contributed	contribute	VERB
efajoead-12836	174	13	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	174	14	this	this	DET
efajoead-12836	174	15	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	174	16	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	175	1	funding	funding	NOUN
efajoead-12836	175	2	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	175	3	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	175	4	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	176	1	references	reference	NOUN
efajoead-12836	176	2	aeni	aeni	NOUN
efajoead-12836	176	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	176	4	n.	n.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	176	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	176	6	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	176	7	apriani	apriani	PROPN
efajoead-12836	176	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	176	9	e.	e.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	176	10	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	176	11	2022	2022	NUM
efajoead-12836	176	12	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	176	13	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	177	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	177	2	4c	4c	NUM
efajoead-12836	177	3	competencies	competency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	177	4	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	177	5	efl	efl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	177	6	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
efajoead-12836	177	7	classroom	classroom	NOUN
efajoead-12836	177	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	178	1	lecture	lecture	NOUN
efajoead-12836	178	2	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	178	3	innovation	innovation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	178	4	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	178	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	178	6	96	96	NUM
efajoead-12836	178	7	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	178	8	https://doi.org/10.59890/ijsas.v1i5.838	https://doi.org/10.59890/ijsas.v1i5.838	PROPN
efajoead-12836	178	9	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	179	1	alghamdy	alghamdy	PROPN
efajoead-12836	179	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	179	3	z.	z.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	179	4	r.	r.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	179	5	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	179	6	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	179	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	179	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	180	1	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	180	2	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	180	3	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	180	4	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	180	5	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	180	6	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	180	7	strategy	strategy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	180	8	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	180	9	enhance	enhance	VERB
efajoead-12836	180	10	efl	efl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	180	11	learners	learner	NOUN
efajoead-12836	180	12	’	'	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	180	13	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
efajoead-12836	180	14	writing	writing	NOUN
efajoead-12836	180	15	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	180	16	grammar	grammar	NOUN
efajoead-12836	180	17	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	180	18	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	181	1	arab	arab	ADJ
efajoead-12836	181	2	world	world	PROPN
efajoead-12836	181	3	english	english	PROPN
efajoead-12836	181	4	journal	journal	PROPN
efajoead-12836	181	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	181	6	14(1	14(1	NUM
efajoead-12836	181	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	181	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	181	9	43	43	NUM
efajoead-12836	181	10	–	–	SYM
efajoead-12836	181	11	58	58	NUM
efajoead-12836	181	12	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	182	1	https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol14no1.3	https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol14no1.3	VERB
efajoead-12836	182	2	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	1	apriani	apriani	PROPN
efajoead-12836	183	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	3	e.	e.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	183	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	5	muthmainnah	muthmainnah	PROPN
efajoead-12836	183	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	7	m.	m.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	183	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	9	wijayanti	wijayanti	PROPN
efajoead-12836	183	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	11	e.	e.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	183	12	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	13	kons	kon	NOUN
efajoead-12836	183	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	15	b.	b.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	183	16	a.	a.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	183	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	18	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	183	19	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	183	20	yakin	yakin	PROPN
efajoead-12836	183	21	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	22	a.	a.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	183	23	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	24	2024	2024	NUM
efajoead-12836	183	25	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	183	26	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	184	1	accelerating	accelerate	VERB
efajoead-12836	184	2	student	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	184	3	's	's	PART
efajoead-12836	184	4	creativity	creativity	NOUN
efajoead-12836	184	5	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	184	6	writing	write	VERB
efajoead-12836	184	7	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
efajoead-12836	184	8	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	184	9	artificial	artificial	ADJ
efajoead-12836	184	10	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
efajoead-12836	184	11	technology	technology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	184	12	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	185	1	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	185	2	ai	ai	ADJ
efajoead-12836	185	3	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	185	4	oriented	orient	VERB
efajoead-12836	185	5	competency	competency	NOUN
efajoead-12836	185	6	framework	framework	NOUN
efajoead-12836	185	7	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	185	8	talent	talent	NOUN
efajoead-12836	185	9	management	management	NOUN
efajoead-12836	185	10	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	185	11	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	185	12	digital	digital	ADJ
efajoead-12836	185	13	economy	economy	NOUN
efajoead-12836	185	14	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	185	15	pp	pp	ADJ
efajoead-12836	185	16	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	186	1	305	305	NUM
efajoead-12836	186	2	-	-	SYM
efajoead-12836	186	3	322	322	NUM
efajoead-12836	186	4	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	186	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	187	1	crc	crc	PROPN
efajoead-12836	187	2	press	press	PROPN
efajoead-12836	187	3	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	188	1	https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003440901-19	https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003440901-19	NOUN
efajoead-12836	188	2	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	1	apriani	apriani	PROPN
efajoead-12836	189	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	3	e.	e.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	189	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	5	arsyad	arsyad	PROPN
efajoead-12836	189	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	7	s.	s.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	189	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	9	syafryadin	syafryadin	PROPN
efajoead-12836	189	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	11	s.	s.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	189	12	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	13	supardan	supardan	PROPN
efajoead-12836	189	14	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	15	d.	d.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	189	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	17	gusmuliana	gusmuliana	PROPN
efajoead-12836	189	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	19	p.	p.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	189	20	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	21	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	189	22	santiana	santiana	PROPN
efajoead-12836	189	23	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	24	s.	s.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	189	25	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	26	2022	2022	NUM
efajoead-12836	189	27	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	189	28	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	190	1	ict	ict	PROPN
efajoead-12836	190	2	platforms	platform	NOUN
efajoead-12836	190	3	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	190	4	indonesian	indonesian	PROPN
efajoead-12836	190	5	efl	efl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	190	6	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	190	7	viewed	view	VERB
efajoead-12836	190	8	from	from	ADP
efajoead-12836	190	9	gender	gender	NOUN
efajoead-12836	190	10	during	during	ADP
efajoead-12836	190	11	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	190	12	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
efajoead-12836	190	13	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
efajoead-12836	190	14	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	191	1	studies	study	NOUN
efajoead-12836	191	2	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	191	3	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	191	4	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	191	5	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	191	6	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	191	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	191	8	9(1	9(1	NUM
efajoead-12836	191	9	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	191	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	191	11	187	187	NUM
efajoead-12836	191	12	-	-	SYM
efajoead-12836	191	13	202	202	NUM
efajoead-12836	191	14	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	192	1	https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v9i1.21089	https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v9i1.21089	NOUN
efajoead-12836	192	2	.	.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	192	3	barrows	barrow	NOUN
efajoead-12836	192	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	192	5	h.	h.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	192	6	s.	s.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	192	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	192	8	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	192	9	tamblyn	tamblyn	PROPN
efajoead-12836	192	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	192	11	r.	r.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	192	12	m.	m.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	192	13	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	192	14	1980	1980	NUM
efajoead-12836	192	15	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	192	16	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	193	1	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	193	2	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	193	3	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	193	4	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	193	5	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	193	6	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	193	7	approach	approach	NOUN
efajoead-12836	193	8	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	193	9	medical	medical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	193	10	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	193	11	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	194	1	springer	springer	NOUN
efajoead-12836	194	2	publishing	publishing	NOUN
efajoead-12836	194	3	company	company	NOUN
efajoead-12836	194	4	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	195	1	booth	booth	PROPN
efajoead-12836	195	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	195	3	a.	a.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	195	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	195	5	sutton	sutton	PROPN
efajoead-12836	195	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	195	7	a.	a.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	195	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	195	9	clowes	clowe	NOUN
efajoead-12836	195	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	195	11	m.	m.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	195	12	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	195	13	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	195	14	martyn	martyn	PROPN
efajoead-12836	195	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	195	16	m.-s	m.-s	PROPN
efajoead-12836	195	17	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	196	1	j.	j.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	196	2	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	196	3	2016	2016	NUM
efajoead-12836	196	4	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	196	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	197	1	systematic	systematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	197	2	approaches	approach	NOUN
efajoead-12836	197	3	to	to	ADP
efajoead-12836	197	4	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	197	5	successful	successful	ADJ
efajoead-12836	197	6	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	197	7	review	review	NOUN
efajoead-12836	197	8	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	197	9	third	third	ADJ
efajoead-12836	197	10	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	197	11	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	198	1	thousand	thousand	NUM
efajoead-12836	198	2	oaks	oak	NOUN
efajoead-12836	198	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	198	4	ca	can	AUX
efajoead-12836	198	5	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	198	6	sage	sage	VERB
efajoead-12836	198	7	publications	publication	NOUN
efajoead-12836	198	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	198	9	braun	braun	PROPN
efajoead-12836	198	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	198	11	v.	v.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	198	12	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	198	13	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	198	14	clarke	clarke	PROPN
efajoead-12836	198	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	198	16	v.	v.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	198	17	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	198	18	2006	2006	NUM
efajoead-12836	198	19	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	198	20	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	199	1	using	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	199	2	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	199	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	199	4	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	199	5	psychology	psychology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	199	6	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	200	1	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	200	2	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	200	3	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	200	4	psychology	psychology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	200	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	200	6	3(2	3(2	NUM
efajoead-12836	200	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	200	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	201	1	77–101	77–101	PROPN
efajoead-12836	201	2	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	202	1	https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa	https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa	PROPN
efajoead-12836	202	2	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	202	3	braun	braun	PROPN
efajoead-12836	202	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	202	5	v.	v.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	202	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	202	7	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	202	8	clarke	clarke	PROPN
efajoead-12836	202	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	202	10	v.	v.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	202	11	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	202	12	2006	2006	NUM
efajoead-12836	202	13	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	202	14	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	203	1	using	use	VERB
efajoead-12836	203	2	thematic	thematic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	203	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	203	4	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	203	5	psychology	psychology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	203	6	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	204	1	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	204	2	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	204	3	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	204	4	psychology	psychology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	204	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	204	6	3(2	3(2	NUM
efajoead-12836	204	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	204	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	205	1	77–101	77–101	PROPN
efajoead-12836	205	2	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	205	3	https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa	https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa	NOUN
efajoead-12836	205	4	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	206	1	hmelo	hmelo	NOUN
efajoead-12836	206	2	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	206	3	silver	silver	NOUN
efajoead-12836	206	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	206	5	c.	c.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	206	6	e.	e.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	206	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	206	8	2004	2004	NUM
efajoead-12836	206	9	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	206	10	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	207	1	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	207	2	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	207	3	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	207	4	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	207	5	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	207	6	what	what	PRON
efajoead-12836	207	7	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	207	8	how	how	SCONJ
efajoead-12836	207	9	do	do	AUX
efajoead-12836	207	10	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	207	11	learn	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	207	12	?	?	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	208	1	educational	educational	ADJ
efajoead-12836	208	2	psychology	psychology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	208	3	review	review	PROPN
efajoead-12836	208	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	208	5	16(3	16(3	PROPN
efajoead-12836	208	6	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	208	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	208	8	235–266	235–266	NUM
efajoead-12836	208	9	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	209	1	https://doi.org/10.1023/b:edpr.0000034022.16470.f3	https://doi.org/10.1023/b:edpr.0000034022.16470.f3	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	2	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	209	3	https://doi.org/10.59890/ijsas.v1i5.838	https://doi.org/10.59890/ijsas.v1i5.838	VERB
efajoead-12836	209	4	https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol14no1.3	https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol14no1.3	VERB
efajoead-12836	209	5	https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003440901-19	https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003440901-19	PROPN
efajoead-12836	209	6	https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v9i1.21089	https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v9i1.21089	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	7	fauziyatul	fauziyatul	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	8	uzma	uzma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	209	9	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	209	10	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	209	11	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	209	12	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	209	13	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	209	14	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	209	15	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	209	16	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	17	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	209	18	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	19	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	209	20	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	209	21	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	22	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	209	23	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	209	24	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	25	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	26	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	209	27	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	209	28	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	29	161	161	NUM
efajoead-12836	209	30	|	|	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	31	v	v	ADP
efajoead-12836	209	32	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	33	l	l	NOUN
efajoead-12836	209	34	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	210	1	9	9	NUM
efajoead-12836	210	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	210	3	n	n	NOUN
efajoead-12836	210	4	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	210	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	211	1	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	211	3	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	4	0	0	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	5	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	6	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	211	8	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	9	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	10	3	3	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	11	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	12	6	6	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	13	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	14	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	211	15	jaleniauskiene	jaleniauskiene	PROPN
efajoead-12836	211	16	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	211	17	e.	e.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	211	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	211	19	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	211	20	lisaite	lisaite	PROPN
efajoead-12836	211	21	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	211	22	d.	d.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	211	23	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	211	24	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	211	25	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	211	26	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	212	1	scoping	scope	VERB
efajoead-12836	212	2	review	review	NOUN
efajoead-12836	212	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
efajoead-12836	212	4	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	212	5	its	its	PRON
efajoead-12836	212	6	use	use	NOUN
efajoead-12836	212	7	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	212	8	review	review	VERB
efajoead-12836	212	9	online	online	ADJ
efajoead-12836	212	10	project	project	NOUN
efajoead-12836	212	11	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	212	12	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	212	13	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	212	14	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	212	15	higher	high	ADJ
efajoead-12836	212	16	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	212	17	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	212	18	2020	2020	NUM
efajoead-12836	212	19	-	-	SYM
efajoead-12836	212	20	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	212	21	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	213	1	interdisciplinary	interdisciplinary	ADJ
efajoead-12836	213	2	journal	journal	NOUN
efajoead-12836	213	3	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	213	4	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	213	5	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	213	6	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	213	7	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	213	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	213	9	17(2	17(2	NUM
efajoead-12836	213	10	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	213	11	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	214	1	https://doi.org/10.14434/ijpbl.v17i2.36659	https://doi.org/10.14434/ijpbl.v17i2.36659	NOUN
efajoead-12836	214	2	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	215	1	kök	kök	PROPN
efajoead-12836	215	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	215	3	f.	f.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	215	4	z.	z.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	215	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	215	6	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	215	7	duman	duman	PROPN
efajoead-12836	215	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	215	9	b.	b.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	215	10	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	215	11	2023	2023	NUM
efajoead-12836	215	12	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	215	13	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	216	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	216	2	effect	effect	NOUN
efajoead-12836	216	3	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	216	4	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	216	5	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	216	6	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	216	7	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	216	8	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	216	9	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	216	10	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	216	11	solving	solve	VERB
efajoead-12836	216	12	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	216	13	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	216	14	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	216	15	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	216	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	216	17	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	217	1	journal	journal	PROPN
efajoead-12836	217	2	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	217	3	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
efajoead-12836	217	4	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	217	5	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	217	6	7(1	7(1	NUM
efajoead-12836	217	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	217	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	217	9	154–173	154–173	NUM
efajoead-12836	217	10	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	218	1	https://doi.org/10.33902/jpr.202318642	https://doi.org/10.33902/jpr.202318642	PROPN
efajoead-12836	218	2	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	218	3	mckenzie	mckenzie	PROPN
efajoead-12836	218	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	218	5	j.	j.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	218	6	a.	a.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	218	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	218	8	2013	2013	NUM
efajoead-12836	218	9	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	218	10	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	219	1	models	model	NOUN
efajoead-12836	219	2	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	219	3	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
efajoead-12836	219	4	disability	disability	NOUN
efajoead-12836	219	5	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	219	6	towards	towards	ADP
efajoead-12836	219	7	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	219	8	perspective	perspective	NOUN
efajoead-12836	219	9	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	219	10	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	219	11	poss)ability	poss)ability	PROPN
efajoead-12836	219	12	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	219	13	journal	journal	PROPN
efajoead-12836	219	14	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	219	15	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
efajoead-12836	219	16	disability	disability	NOUN
efajoead-12836	219	17	research	research	NOUN
efajoead-12836	219	18	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	219	19	57(4	57(4	NUM
efajoead-12836	219	20	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	219	21	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	219	22	370–379	370–379	NUM
efajoead-12836	219	23	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	220	1	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2012.01547.x	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2012.01547.x	NOUN
efajoead-12836	220	2	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	221	1	oecd	oecd	PROPN
efajoead-12836	221	2	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	222	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	222	2	2021	2021	NUM
efajoead-12836	222	3	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	222	4	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	223	1	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	223	2	at	at	ADP
efajoead-12836	223	3	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	223	4	glance	glance	NOUN
efajoead-12836	223	5	2021	2021	NUM
efajoead-12836	223	6	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	224	1	orhan	orhan	PROPN
efajoead-12836	224	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	224	3	a.	a.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	224	4	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	224	5	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	224	6	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	224	7	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	225	1	investigating	investigate	VERB
efajoead-12836	225	2	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	225	3	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
efajoead-12836	225	4	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	225	5	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	225	6	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	225	7	learning	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	225	8	on	on	ADP
efajoead-12836	225	9	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	225	10	achievement	achievement	NOUN
efajoead-12836	225	11	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	225	12	efl	efl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	225	13	classroom	classroom	NOUN
efajoead-12836	225	14	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	225	15	a	a	DET
efajoead-12836	225	16	meta	meta	ADJ
efajoead-12836	225	17	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	225	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
efajoead-12836	225	19	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	226	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	226	2	asia	asia	PROPN
efajoead-12836	226	3	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	226	4	pacific	pacific	PROPN
efajoead-12836	226	5	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	226	6	researcher	researcher	NOUN
efajoead-12836	226	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	226	8	34(2	34(2	NUM
efajoead-12836	226	9	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	226	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	226	11	699–709	699–709	NUM
efajoead-12836	226	12	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	226	13	https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-024-00889-4	https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-024-00889-4	NUM
efajoead-12836	226	14	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	227	1	piaget	piaget	PROPN
efajoead-12836	227	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	227	3	j.	j.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	227	4	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	227	5	1973	1973	NUM
efajoead-12836	227	6	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	227	7	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	228	1	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	228	2	understand	understand	VERB
efajoead-12836	228	3	is	be	AUX
efajoead-12836	228	4	to	to	PART
efajoead-12836	228	5	invent	invent	VERB
efajoead-12836	228	6	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	228	7	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	228	8	future	future	NOUN
efajoead-12836	228	9	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	228	10	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	228	11	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	229	1	new	new	PROPN
efajoead-12836	229	2	york	york	PROPN
efajoead-12836	229	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	229	4	ny	ny	PROPN
efajoead-12836	229	5	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	229	6	viking	vike	VERB
efajoead-12836	229	7	press	press	PROPN
efajoead-12836	229	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	230	1	prabowo	prabowo	PROPN
efajoead-12836	230	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	230	3	j.	j.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	230	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	230	5	rukmini	rukmini	PROPN
efajoead-12836	230	6	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	230	7	d.	d.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	230	8	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	230	9	saleh	saleh	NOUN
efajoead-12836	230	10	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	230	11	m.	m.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	230	12	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	230	13	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	230	14	hartono	hartono	PROPN
efajoead-12836	230	15	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	230	16	r.	r.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	230	17	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	230	18	2021	2021	NUM
efajoead-12836	230	19	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	230	20	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	231	1	portraiting	portraite	VERB
efajoead-12836	231	2	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	231	3	implementation	implementation	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	4	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	231	5	project	project	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	6	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	231	7	learning	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	231	8	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	231	9	teaching	teach	VERB
efajoead-12836	231	10	narrative	narrative	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	11	text	text	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	12	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	231	13	efl	efl	PROPN
efajoead-12836	231	14	students	student	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	15	with	with	ADP
efajoead-12836	231	16	personality	personality	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	17	traits	trait	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	18	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	231	19	introversion	introversion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	20	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	231	21	extroversion	extroversion	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	22	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	231	23	vol	vol	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	24	.	.	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	25	7	7	NUM
efajoead-12836	231	26	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	231	27	issue	issue	NOUN
efajoead-12836	231	28	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	231	29	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	231	30	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	232	1	https://proceeding.unnes.ac.id/index.php/iset	https://proceeding.unnes.ac.id/index.php/iset	NOUN
efajoead-12836	232	2	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	233	1	richards	richards	PROPN
efajoead-12836	233	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	233	3	j.	j.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	233	4	c.	c.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	233	5	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	233	6	2006	2006	NUM
efajoead-12836	233	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	233	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	234	1	communicative	communicative	ADJ
efajoead-12836	234	2	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	234	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	234	4	today	today	NOUN
efajoead-12836	234	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	235	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
efajoead-12836	235	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	235	3	england	england	PROPN
efajoead-12836	235	4	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	235	5	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
efajoead-12836	235	6	university	university	PROPN
efajoead-12836	235	7	press	press	NOUN
efajoead-12836	235	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	236	1	richards	richards	PROPN
efajoead-12836	236	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	236	3	j.	j.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	236	4	c.	c.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	236	5	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	236	6	2014	2014	NUM
efajoead-12836	236	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	236	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	237	1	approaches	approach	NOUN
efajoead-12836	237	2	and	and	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	237	3	methods	method	NOUN
efajoead-12836	237	4	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	237	5	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	237	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
efajoead-12836	237	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	237	8	3rd	3rd	ADJ
efajoead-12836	237	9	ed	ed	NOUN
efajoead-12836	237	10	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	237	11	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	237	12	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	238	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
efajoead-12836	238	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	238	3	england	england	PROPN
efajoead-12836	238	4	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	238	5	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
efajoead-12836	238	6	university	university	PROPN
efajoead-12836	238	7	press	press	NOUN
efajoead-12836	238	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	239	1	schunk	schunk	PROPN
efajoead-12836	239	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	239	3	d.	d.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	239	4	h.	h.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	239	5	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	239	6	2019	2019	NUM
efajoead-12836	239	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	239	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	240	1	learning	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	240	2	theories	theory	NOUN
efajoead-12836	240	3	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	240	4	an	an	DET
efajoead-12836	240	5	educational	educational	ADJ
efajoead-12836	240	6	perspective	perspective	NOUN
efajoead-12836	240	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	240	8	8th	8th	ADJ
efajoead-12836	240	9	ed	ed	NOUN
efajoead-12836	240	10	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	240	11	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	240	12	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	241	1	boston	boston	PROPN
efajoead-12836	241	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	241	3	ma	ma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	241	4	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	241	5	pearson	pearson	PROPN
efajoead-12836	241	6	education	education	PROPN
efajoead-12836	241	7	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	242	1	trilling	trill	VERB
efajoead-12836	242	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	242	3	b.	b.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	242	4	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	242	5	&	&	CCONJ
efajoead-12836	242	6	fadel	fadel	PROPN
efajoead-12836	242	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	242	8	c.	c.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	242	9	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	242	10	2009	2009	NUM
efajoead-12836	242	11	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	242	12	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	243	1	21st	21st	ADJ
efajoead-12836	243	2	century	century	NOUN
efajoead-12836	243	3	skills	skill	NOUN
efajoead-12836	243	4	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	243	5	learning	learn	VERB
efajoead-12836	243	6	for	for	ADP
efajoead-12836	243	7	life	life	NOUN
efajoead-12836	243	8	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	243	9	our	our	PRON
efajoead-12836	243	10	times	time	NOUN
efajoead-12836	243	11	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	244	1	san	san	PROPN
efajoead-12836	244	2	francisco	francisco	PROPN
efajoead-12836	244	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	244	4	ca	ca	NOUN
efajoead-12836	244	5	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	244	6	jossey	jossey	NOUN
efajoead-12836	244	7	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	244	8	bass	bass	NOUN
efajoead-12836	244	9	/	/	SYM
efajoead-12836	244	10	wiley	wiley	NOUN
efajoead-12836	244	11	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	245	1	vygotsky	vygotsky	PROPN
efajoead-12836	245	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	245	3	l.	l.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	245	4	s.	s.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	245	5	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	245	6	1978	1978	NUM
efajoead-12836	245	7	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	245	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	246	1	mind	mind	NOUN
efajoead-12836	246	2	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	246	3	society	society	NOUN
efajoead-12836	246	4	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	246	5	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	246	6	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	246	7	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	246	8	higher	high	ADJ
efajoead-12836	246	9	psychological	psychological	ADJ
efajoead-12836	246	10	processes	process	NOUN
efajoead-12836	246	11	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	247	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
efajoead-12836	247	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	247	3	ma	ma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	247	4	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	247	5	harvard	harvard	PROPN
efajoead-12836	247	6	university	university	PROPN
efajoead-12836	247	7	press	press	NOUN
efajoead-12836	247	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	248	1	world	world	PROPN
efajoead-12836	248	2	economic	economic	PROPN
efajoead-12836	248	3	forum	forum	PROPN
efajoead-12836	248	4	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	249	1	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	249	2	2020	2020	NUM
efajoead-12836	249	3	)	)	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	249	4	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	250	1	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	250	2	future	future	NOUN
efajoead-12836	250	3	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	250	4	jobs	job	NOUN
efajoead-12836	250	5	report	report	VERB
efajoead-12836	250	6	2020	2020	NUM
efajoead-12836	250	7	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	251	1	geneva	geneva	PROPN
efajoead-12836	251	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	251	3	switzerland	switzerland	PROPN
efajoead-12836	251	4	:	:	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	251	5	world	world	PROPN
efajoead-12836	251	6	economic	economic	PROPN
efajoead-12836	251	7	forum	forum	PROPN
efajoead-12836	251	8	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	252	1	fauziyatul	fauziyatul	PROPN
efajoead-12836	252	2	uzma	uzma	PROPN
efajoead-12836	252	3	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	252	4	et	et	PROPN
efajoead-12836	252	5	al	al	PROPN
efajoead-12836	252	6	.	.	PROPN
efajoead-12836	252	7	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	252	8	2025	2025	NUM
efajoead-12836	252	9	the	the	DET
efajoead-12836	252	10	development	development	NOUN
efajoead-12836	252	11	of	of	ADP
efajoead-12836	252	12	problem	problem	NOUN
efajoead-12836	252	13	-	-	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	252	14	based	base	VERB
efajoead-12836	252	15	learning	learning	NOUN
efajoead-12836	252	16	in	in	ADP
efajoead-12836	252	17	english	english	ADJ
efajoead-12836	252	18	language	language	NOUN
efajoead-12836	252	19	education	education	NOUN
efajoead-12836	252	20	through	through	ADP
efajoead-12836	252	21	academic	academic	ADJ
efajoead-12836	252	22	literature	literature	NOUN
efajoead-12836	252	23	162	162	NUM
efajoead-12836	253	1	|	|	ADV
efajoead-12836	253	2	v	v	ADP
efajoead-12836	253	3	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	253	4	l	l	NOUN
efajoead-12836	253	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	254	1	9	9	NUM
efajoead-12836	254	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	254	3	n	n	NOUN
efajoead-12836	254	4	o	o	NOUN
efajoead-12836	254	5	.	.	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	255	1	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	255	2	,	,	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	255	3	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	255	4	0	0	NUM
efajoead-12836	255	5	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	255	6	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	255	7	(	(	PUNCT
efajoead-12836	255	8	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	255	9	5	5	NUM
efajoead-12836	255	10	3	3	NUM
efajoead-12836	255	11	1	1	NUM
efajoead-12836	255	12	6	6	NUM
efajoead-12836	255	13	2	2	NUM
efajoead-12836	255	14	)	)	PUNCT