id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
eltls-55845	1	1	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	1	2	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	1	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	1	5	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	1	6	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	1	7	issn	issn	VERB
eltls-55845	1	8	2640	2640	NUM
eltls-55845	1	9	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	1	10	9836	9836	NUM
eltls-55845	1	11	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	1	12	print	print	NOUN
eltls-55845	1	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	1	14	issn	issn	PROPN
eltls-55845	1	15	2640	2640	NUM
eltls-55845	1	16	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	1	17	9844	9844	NUM
eltls-55845	1	18	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	1	19	online	online	ADJ
eltls-55845	1	20	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	1	21	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	1	22	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	2	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	2	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	2	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	2	5	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	2	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	2	8	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-55845	2	9	15	15	NUM
eltls-55845	2	10	original	original	ADJ
eltls-55845	2	11	paper	paper	NOUN
eltls-55845	2	12	an	an	DET
eltls-55845	2	13	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-55845	2	14	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	2	15	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	2	16	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	2	17	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	2	18	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	2	19	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	2	20	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	2	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	2	22	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	2	23	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	2	24	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	2	25	xian	xian	NOUN
eltls-55845	2	26	shao1	shao1	PROPN
eltls-55845	3	1	1	1	NUM
eltls-55845	3	2	shanghai	shanghai	PROPN
eltls-55845	3	3	international	international	PROPN
eltls-55845	3	4	studies	studies	PROPN
eltls-55845	3	5	university	university	PROPN
eltls-55845	3	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	7	shanghai	shanghai	PROPN
eltls-55845	3	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	9	china	china	PROPN
eltls-55845	3	10	received	receive	VERB
eltls-55845	3	11	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	12	april	april	PROPN
eltls-55845	3	13	22	22	NUM
eltls-55845	3	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	15	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	3	16	accepted	accept	VERB
eltls-55845	3	17	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	18	may	may	AUX
eltls-55845	3	19	11	11	NUM
eltls-55845	3	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	21	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	3	22	online	online	ADV
eltls-55845	3	23	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	3	24	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	25	may	may	AUX
eltls-55845	3	26	27	27	NUM
eltls-55845	3	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	28	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	3	29	doi:10.22158	doi:10.22158	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	30	/	/	SYM
eltls-55845	3	31	eltls.v7n3p15	eltls.v7n3p15	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	32	url	url	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	33	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	34	http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/eltls.v7n3p15	http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/eltls.v7n3p15	PROPN
eltls-55845	3	35	abstract	abstract	ADV
eltls-55845	3	36	although	although	SCONJ
eltls-55845	3	37	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	3	38	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	39	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	3	40	been	be	AUX
eltls-55845	3	41	widely	widely	ADV
eltls-55845	3	42	recognized	recognize	VERB
eltls-55845	3	43	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	3	44	an	an	DET
eltls-55845	3	45	effective	effective	ADJ
eltls-55845	3	46	method	method	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	47	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	3	48	improving	improve	VERB
eltls-55845	3	49	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	3	50	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	51	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	52	l2	l2	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	53	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	54	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	55	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	3	56	there	there	PRON
eltls-55845	3	57	is	be	VERB
eltls-55845	3	58	limited	limit	VERB
eltls-55845	3	59	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-55845	3	60	evidence	evidence	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	61	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	3	62	its	its	PRON
eltls-55845	3	63	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	64	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	3	65	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
eltls-55845	3	66	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	67	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	3	68	l2	l2	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	69	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	3	70	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	3	71	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	4	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	4	2	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	4	3	analyses	analyse	VERB
eltls-55845	4	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	4	5	effects	effect	NOUN
eltls-55845	4	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	4	7	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	4	8	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	4	9	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	4	10	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	4	11	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	4	12	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	4	13	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	4	14	enhancing	enhance	VERB
eltls-55845	4	15	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	4	16	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	4	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	4	18	40	40	NUM
eltls-55845	4	19	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	4	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	4	21	non	non	ADJ
eltls-55845	4	22	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	4	23	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	4	24	major	major	NOUN
eltls-55845	4	25	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	4	26	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	4	27	university	university	NOUN
eltls-55845	4	28	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	4	29	western	western	ADJ
eltls-55845	4	30	china	china	PROPN
eltls-55845	4	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	5	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	5	2	results	result	NOUN
eltls-55845	5	3	indicated	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	5	4	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	5	5	improvements	improvement	NOUN
eltls-55845	5	6	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	5	7	mean	mean	ADJ
eltls-55845	5	8	length	length	NOUN
eltls-55845	5	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	5	10	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	5	11	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	5	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	5	13	reductions	reduction	NOUN
eltls-55845	5	14	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	5	15	repetitions	repetition	NOUN
eltls-55845	5	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	5	17	suggesting	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	5	18	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
eltls-55845	5	19	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	5	20	organization	organization	NOUN
eltls-55845	5	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	5	22	confidence	confidence	NOUN
eltls-55845	5	23	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	5	24	expression	expression	NOUN
eltls-55845	5	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	6	1	however	however	ADV
eltls-55845	6	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	6	3	no	no	DET
eltls-55845	6	4	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	6	5	changes	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	6	6	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	6	7	observed	observe	VERB
eltls-55845	6	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	6	9	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	6	10	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	6	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	6	12	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	6	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	6	14	filled	fill	VERB
eltls-55845	6	15	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	6	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	7	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	7	2	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-55845	7	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	7	4	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	7	5	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	7	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	7	7	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	7	8	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	7	9	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	7	10	can	can	AUX
eltls-55845	7	11	effectively	effectively	ADV
eltls-55845	7	12	reduce	reduce	VERB
eltls-55845	7	13	long	long	ADJ
eltls-55845	7	14	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	7	15	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	7	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	7	17	improve	improve	VERB
eltls-55845	7	18	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	7	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	7	20	though	though	SCONJ
eltls-55845	7	21	its	its	PRON
eltls-55845	7	22	short	short	ADJ
eltls-55845	7	23	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	7	24	term	term	NOUN
eltls-55845	7	25	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-55845	7	26	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	7	27	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	7	28	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	7	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	7	30	short	short	ADJ
eltls-55845	7	31	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	7	32	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	7	33	limited	limited	ADJ
eltls-55845	7	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	8	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	2	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	3	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	8	5	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	8	7	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	8	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	8	10	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	11	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	8	13	filled	fill	VERB
eltls-55845	8	14	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	15	1	1	NUM
eltls-55845	8	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	8	17	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	18	background	background	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	19	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	8	20	key	key	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	21	factor	factor	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	22	that	that	PRON
eltls-55845	8	23	differentiates	differentiate	VERB
eltls-55845	8	24	native	native	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	25	speakers	speaker	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	8	27	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-55845	8	28	proficient	proficient	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	29	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	30	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	31	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	8	32	less	less	ADV
eltls-55845	8	33	proficient	proficient	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	34	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	35	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	8	36	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	8	37	extensive	extensive	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	38	command	command	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	39	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	8	40	semi	semi	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	41	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	42	fixed	fixed	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	43	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	8	44	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	45	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	8	46	pawley	pawley	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	47	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-55845	8	48	syder	syder	NOUN
eltls-55845	8	49	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	8	50	1983	1983	NUM
eltls-55845	8	51	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	8	52	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	9	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	9	2	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	9	3	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	9	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	9	5	introduced	introduce	VERB
eltls-55845	9	6	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	9	7	michael	michael	PROPN
eltls-55845	9	8	lewis	lewis	PROPN
eltls-55845	9	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	9	10	1993	1993	NUM
eltls-55845	9	11	work	work	NOUN
eltls-55845	9	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	9	13	represents	represent	VERB
eltls-55845	9	14	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	9	15	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
eltls-55845	9	16	shift	shift	NOUN
eltls-55845	9	17	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	9	18	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	9	19	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	9	20	methodology	methodology	NOUN
eltls-55845	9	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	10	1	its	its	PRON
eltls-55845	10	2	foundational	foundational	ADJ
eltls-55845	10	3	premise	premise	NOUN
eltls-55845	10	4	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-55845	10	5	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	10	6	consists	consist	VERB
eltls-55845	10	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	10	8	grammaticalized	grammaticalized	ADJ
eltls-55845	10	9	lexis	lexis	NOUN
eltls-55845	10	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	10	11	not	not	PART
eltls-55845	10	12	lexicalized	lexicalize	VERB
eltls-55845	10	13	grammar	grammar	NOUN
eltls-55845	10	14	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-55845	10	15	challenges	challenge	VERB
eltls-55845	10	16	traditional	traditional	ADJ
eltls-55845	10	17	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	10	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	10	19	paradigms	paradigm	VERB
eltls-55845	10	20	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	10	21	positioning	position	VERB
eltls-55845	10	22	phraseological	phraseological	ADJ
eltls-55845	10	23	lexis	lexis	NOUN
eltls-55845	10	24	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	10	25	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	10	26	core	core	NOUN
eltls-55845	10	27	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	10	28	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	10	29	instruction	instruction	NOUN
eltls-55845	10	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	11	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	11	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	11	3	past	past	ADJ
eltls-55845	11	4	thirty	thirty	NUM
eltls-55845	11	5	years	year	NOUN
eltls-55845	11	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	11	7	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	11	8	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	11	9	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	11	10	gained	gain	VERB
eltls-55845	11	11	widespread	widespread	ADJ
eltls-55845	11	12	recognition	recognition	NOUN
eltls-55845	11	13	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	11	14	its	its	PRON
eltls-55845	11	15	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
eltls-55845	11	16	advantages	advantage	NOUN
eltls-55845	11	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	11	18	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	11	19	numerous	numerous	ADJ
eltls-55845	11	20	scholars	scholar	NOUN
eltls-55845	11	21	contributing	contribute	VERB
eltls-55845	11	22	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	11	23	its	its	PRON
eltls-55845	11	24	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-55845	11	25	construction	construction	NOUN
eltls-55845	11	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	11	27	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-55845	11	28	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	11	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	12	1	previous	previous	ADJ
eltls-55845	12	2	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	12	3	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	12	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-55845	12	5	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	12	6	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	12	7	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	12	8	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	12	9	can	can	AUX
eltls-55845	12	10	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-55845	12	11	enhance	enhance	VERB
eltls-55845	12	12	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	12	13	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	12	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	12	15	l2	l2	NOUN
eltls-55845	12	16	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	12	17	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	12	18	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
eltls-55845	12	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	13	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
eltls-55845	13	2	its	its	PRON
eltls-55845	13	3	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-55845	13	4	endorsement	endorsement	NOUN
eltls-55845	13	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	13	6	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-55845	13	7	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-55845	13	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	13	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	13	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
eltls-55845	13	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	13	12	chunk	chunk	ADJ
eltls-55845	13	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	13	14	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	13	15	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	13	16	remains	remain	VERB
eltls-55845	13	17	predominantly	predominantly	ADV
eltls-55845	13	18	reliant	reliant	ADJ
eltls-55845	13	19	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	13	20	traditional	traditional	ADJ
eltls-55845	13	21	methods	method	NOUN
eltls-55845	13	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	13	23	wherein	wherein	SCONJ
eltls-55845	13	24	instructors	instructor	NOUN
eltls-55845	13	25	primarily	primarily	ADV
eltls-55845	13	26	explain	explain	VERB
eltls-55845	13	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	13	28	transmit	transmit	VERB
eltls-55845	13	29	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	13	30	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	13	31	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	13	32	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	13	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	14	1	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	14	2	conventional	conventional	ADJ
eltls-55845	14	3	approaches	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	14	5	whether	whether	SCONJ
eltls-55845	14	6	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
eltls-55845	14	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	14	8	terms	term	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	14	10	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	14	11	quantity	quantity	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	14	13	variety	variety	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	14	15	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-55845	14	16	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	14	17	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	14	20	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	21	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	22	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	14	24	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	14	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	14	26	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	14	27	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	28	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	14	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	14	30	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	14	31	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	14	32	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	14	33	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	14	34	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	14	35	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	14	36	16	16	NUM
eltls-55845	14	37	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-55845	14	38	function	function	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	39	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	14	40	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	14	41	inherently	inherently	ADV
eltls-55845	14	42	limited	limit	VERB
eltls-55845	14	43	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	14	44	scope	scope	NOUN
eltls-55845	14	45	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	15	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
eltls-55845	15	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	15	3	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	15	4	potential	potential	NOUN
eltls-55845	15	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	15	6	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	15	7	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	15	8	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	15	9	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	15	10	enhance	enhance	VERB
eltls-55845	15	11	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	15	12	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	15	13	remains	remain	VERB
eltls-55845	15	14	underexplored	underexplored	ADJ
eltls-55845	15	15	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	15	16	practical	practical	ADJ
eltls-55845	15	17	settings	setting	NOUN
eltls-55845	15	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	15	19	highlighting	highlight	VERB
eltls-55845	15	20	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	15	21	critical	critical	ADJ
eltls-55845	15	22	gap	gap	NOUN
eltls-55845	15	23	between	between	ADP
eltls-55845	15	24	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-55845	15	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	15	26	application	application	NOUN
eltls-55845	15	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	16	1	2	2	X
eltls-55845	16	2	.	.	X
eltls-55845	16	3	literature	literature	NOUN
eltls-55845	16	4	review	review	VERB
eltls-55845	16	5	2.1	2.1	NUM
eltls-55845	16	6	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	16	7	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	16	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	16	9	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	16	10	teaching	teach	VERB
eltls-55845	16	11	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	16	12	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	16	13	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	16	14	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	16	15	garnered	garner	VERB
eltls-55845	16	16	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	16	17	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-55845	16	18	across	across	ADP
eltls-55845	16	19	various	various	ADJ
eltls-55845	16	20	disciplines	discipline	NOUN
eltls-55845	16	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	16	22	including	include	VERB
eltls-55845	16	23	psycholinguistics	psycholinguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	16	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	16	25	neurolinguistics	neurolinguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	16	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	16	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	16	28	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	16	29	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	16	30	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
eltls-55845	16	31	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	16	32	sla	sla	PROPN
eltls-55845	16	33	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	16	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-55845	17	2	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	17	4	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	17	5	native	native	ADJ
eltls-55845	17	6	speakers	speaker	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	7	achieve	achieve	VERB
eltls-55845	17	8	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	9	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	17	10	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	11	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	17	12	producing	produce	VERB
eltls-55845	17	13	complex	complex	ADJ
eltls-55845	17	14	sentences	sentence	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	15	not	not	PART
eltls-55845	17	16	through	through	ADP
eltls-55845	17	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	17	18	storage	storage	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	17	20	individual	individual	ADJ
eltls-55845	17	21	words	word	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	23	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-55845	17	24	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-55845	17	25	through	through	ADP
eltls-55845	17	26	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	17	27	retention	retention	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	28	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	17	29	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	17	30	vast	vast	ADJ
eltls-55845	17	31	repertoire	repertoire	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	17	33	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	17	34	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	35	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	17	36	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	17	37	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-55845	17	38	systems	system	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	39	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	40	siyanova	siyanova	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	41	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	42	chanturia	chanturia	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	43	et	et	PROPN
eltls-55845	17	44	al	al	PROPN
eltls-55845	17	45	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	17	46	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	47	2011	2011	NUM
eltls-55845	17	48	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	49	leedham	leedham	PROPN
eltls-55845	17	50	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	51	2012	2012	NUM
eltls-55845	17	52	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	53	skadden	skadden	ADJ
eltls-55845	17	54	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	55	1999	1999	NUM
eltls-55845	17	56	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	57	bale	bale	NOUN
eltls-55845	17	58	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	59	2014	2014	NUM
eltls-55845	17	60	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	17	61	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	18	1	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	18	2	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	18	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	18	4	defined	define	VERB
eltls-55845	18	5	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	18	6	pre	pre	ADJ
eltls-55845	18	7	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	18	8	stored	store	VERB
eltls-55845	18	9	multi	multi	ADJ
eltls-55845	18	10	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	18	11	word	word	ADJ
eltls-55845	18	12	units	unit	NOUN
eltls-55845	18	13	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	18	14	memory	memory	NOUN
eltls-55845	18	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	18	16	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	18	17	typically	typically	ADV
eltls-55845	18	18	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
eltls-55845	18	19	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	18	20	holistic	holistic	ADJ
eltls-55845	18	21	units	unit	NOUN
eltls-55845	18	22	during	during	ADP
eltls-55845	18	23	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	18	24	production	production	NOUN
eltls-55845	18	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	19	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-55845	19	2	allows	allow	VERB
eltls-55845	19	3	native	native	ADJ
eltls-55845	19	4	speakers	speaker	NOUN
eltls-55845	19	5	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	19	6	allocate	allocate	VERB
eltls-55845	19	7	greater	great	ADJ
eltls-55845	19	8	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-55845	19	9	resources	resource	NOUN
eltls-55845	19	10	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	19	11	higher	high	ADJ
eltls-55845	19	12	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	19	13	level	level	NOUN
eltls-55845	19	14	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-55845	19	15	processes	process	NOUN
eltls-55845	19	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	19	17	such	such	ADJ
eltls-55845	19	18	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	19	19	content	content	NOUN
eltls-55845	19	20	integration	integration	NOUN
eltls-55845	19	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	19	22	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
eltls-55845	19	23	structuring	structuring	NOUN
eltls-55845	19	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	20	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	20	2	central	central	ADJ
eltls-55845	20	3	tenet	tenet	NOUN
eltls-55845	20	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	20	5	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	20	6	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	20	7	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	20	8	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	20	9	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	20	10	foster	foster	VERB
eltls-55845	20	11	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	20	12	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	20	13	awareness	awareness	NOUN
eltls-55845	20	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	20	15	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	20	16	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	20	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	20	18	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	20	19	equip	equip	VERB
eltls-55845	20	20	them	they	PRON
eltls-55845	20	21	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	20	22	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-55845	20	23	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	20	24	identify	identify	VERB
eltls-55845	20	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	20	26	memorize	memorize	VERB
eltls-55845	20	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	20	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	20	29	utilize	utilize	VERB
eltls-55845	20	30	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	20	31	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	20	32	effectively	effectively	ADV
eltls-55845	20	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	21	1	nattinger	nattinger	ADV
eltls-55845	21	2	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	21	3	decarrico	decarrico	NOUN
eltls-55845	21	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	21	5	1992	1992	NUM
eltls-55845	21	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	21	7	argued	argue	VERB
eltls-55845	21	8	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	21	9	excessive	excessive	ADJ
eltls-55845	21	10	reliance	reliance	NOUN
eltls-55845	21	11	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	21	12	learner	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	21	13	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
eltls-55845	21	14	may	may	AUX
eltls-55845	21	15	prove	prove	VERB
eltls-55845	21	16	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
eltls-55845	21	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	21	18	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-55845	21	19	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	21	20	often	often	ADV
eltls-55845	21	21	encounter	encounter	VERB
eltls-55845	21	22	challenges	challenge	NOUN
eltls-55845	21	23	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	21	24	accurately	accurately	ADV
eltls-55845	21	25	identifying	identify	VERB
eltls-55845	21	26	authentic	authentic	ADJ
eltls-55845	21	27	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	21	28	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	21	29	without	without	ADP
eltls-55845	21	30	explicit	explicit	ADJ
eltls-55845	21	31	instructor	instructor	NOUN
eltls-55845	21	32	guidance	guidance	NOUN
eltls-55845	21	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	22	1	lewis	lewis	PROPN
eltls-55845	22	2	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	22	3	1993	1993	NUM
eltls-55845	22	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	22	5	1997	1997	NUM
eltls-55845	22	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	22	7	2000	2000	NUM
eltls-55845	22	8	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	22	9	pioneered	pioneer	VERB
eltls-55845	22	10	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	22	11	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	22	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	22	13	advocating	advocate	VERB
eltls-55845	22	14	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	22	15	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
eltls-55845	22	16	techniques	technique	NOUN
eltls-55845	22	17	such	such	ADJ
eltls-55845	22	18	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	22	19	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	22	20	chunking	chunk	VERB
eltls-55845	22	21	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	22	22	exercises	exercise	NOUN
eltls-55845	22	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	22	24	collocation	collocation	NOUN
eltls-55845	22	25	frameworks	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	22	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	22	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	22	28	pattern	pattern	NOUN
eltls-55845	22	29	recognition	recognition	NOUN
eltls-55845	22	30	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	22	31	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
eltls-55845	22	32	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	22	33	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	22	34	engagement	engagement	NOUN
eltls-55845	22	35	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	22	36	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	22	37	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	22	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	23	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
eltls-55845	23	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	23	3	it	it	PRON
eltls-55845	23	4	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	23	5	imperative	imperative	ADJ
eltls-55845	23	6	for	for	SCONJ
eltls-55845	23	7	educators	educator	NOUN
eltls-55845	23	8	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	23	9	provide	provide	VERB
eltls-55845	23	10	direct	direct	ADJ
eltls-55845	23	11	instructional	instructional	ADJ
eltls-55845	23	12	support	support	NOUN
eltls-55845	23	13	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	23	14	expedite	expedite	VERB
eltls-55845	23	15	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	23	16	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	23	17	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
eltls-55845	23	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	23	19	application	application	NOUN
eltls-55845	23	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	23	21	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	23	22	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	23	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	24	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	24	2	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
eltls-55845	24	3	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	24	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	24	5	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	24	6	selection	selection	NOUN
eltls-55845	24	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	24	8	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	24	9	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	24	10	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	24	11	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-55845	24	12	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	24	13	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	24	14	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	24	15	criteria	criterion	NOUN
eltls-55845	24	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	25	1	however	however	ADV
eltls-55845	25	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	25	3	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	25	4	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	25	5	has	have	VERB
eltls-55845	25	6	limitations	limitation	NOUN
eltls-55845	25	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	25	8	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-55845	25	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	25	10	pool	pool	NOUN
eltls-55845	25	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	25	12	high	high	ADJ
eltls-55845	25	13	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	25	14	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	25	15	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	25	16	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	25	17	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	25	18	inherently	inherently	ADV
eltls-55845	25	19	restricted	restrict	VERB
eltls-55845	25	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	25	21	may	may	AUX
eltls-55845	25	22	not	not	PART
eltls-55845	25	23	adequately	adequately	ADV
eltls-55845	25	24	address	address	VERB
eltls-55845	25	25	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	25	26	needs	need	NOUN
eltls-55845	25	27	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	25	28	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	25	29	beyond	beyond	ADP
eltls-55845	25	30	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
eltls-55845	25	31	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
eltls-55845	25	32	levels	level	NOUN
eltls-55845	25	33	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	25	34	moon	moon	NOUN
eltls-55845	25	35	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	25	36	1998a	1998a	NUM
eltls-55845	25	37	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	25	38	b	b	NOUN
eltls-55845	25	39	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	25	40	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	26	1	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	26	2	address	address	VERB
eltls-55845	26	3	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	26	4	issue	issue	NOUN
eltls-55845	26	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	26	6	researchers	researcher	NOUN
eltls-55845	26	7	propose	propose	AUX
eltls-55845	26	8	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
eltls-55845	26	9	additional	additional	ADJ
eltls-55845	26	10	criteria	criterion	NOUN
eltls-55845	26	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	26	12	such	such	ADJ
eltls-55845	26	13	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	26	14	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	26	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	26	16	value	value	NOUN
eltls-55845	26	17	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	26	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	26	19	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	26	20	memorability	memorability	NOUN
eltls-55845	26	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	26	22	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	26	23	into	into	ADP
eltls-55845	26	24	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	26	25	selection	selection	NOUN
eltls-55845	26	26	process	process	NOUN
eltls-55845	26	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	27	1	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	27	2	supplementary	supplementary	ADJ
eltls-55845	27	3	criteria	criterion	NOUN
eltls-55845	27	4	enable	enable	VERB
eltls-55845	27	5	educators	educator	NOUN
eltls-55845	27	6	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	27	7	more	more	ADV
eltls-55845	27	8	effectively	effectively	ADV
eltls-55845	27	9	identify	identify	VERB
eltls-55845	27	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	27	11	prioritize	prioritize	VERB
eltls-55845	27	12	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	27	13	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	27	14	that	that	PRON
eltls-55845	27	15	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	27	16	both	both	ADV
eltls-55845	27	17	pedagogically	pedagogically	ADV
eltls-55845	27	18	relevant	relevant	ADJ
eltls-55845	27	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	27	20	conducive	conducive	ADJ
eltls-55845	27	21	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	27	22	long	long	ADJ
eltls-55845	27	23	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	27	24	term	term	NOUN
eltls-55845	27	25	retention	retention	NOUN
eltls-55845	27	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	27	27	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-55845	27	28	optimizing	optimize	VERB
eltls-55845	27	29	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	27	30	instructional	instructional	ADJ
eltls-55845	27	31	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
eltls-55845	27	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	27	33	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	27	34	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	27	35	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	27	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	28	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	28	3	field	field	NOUN
eltls-55845	28	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	28	5	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	28	6	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	28	7	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
eltls-55845	28	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	9	zheng	zheng	PROPN
eltls-55845	28	10	zimin	zimin	PROPN
eltls-55845	28	11	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	12	2015	2015	NUM
eltls-55845	28	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	14	proposed	propose	VERB
eltls-55845	28	15	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	28	16	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	17	listening	listen	VERB
eltls-55845	28	18	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	19	promoting	promote	VERB
eltls-55845	28	20	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	21	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	28	22	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	23	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	28	24	model	model	NOUN
eltls-55845	28	25	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	28	26	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	28	27	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	28	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	28	30	xiao	xiao	PROPN
eltls-55845	28	31	wuyun	wuyun	PROPN
eltls-55845	28	32	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	33	2011	2011	NUM
eltls-55845	28	34	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	35	proposed	propose	VERB
eltls-55845	28	36	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	28	37	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	38	writing	writing	NOUN
eltls-55845	28	39	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	40	promoting	promote	VERB
eltls-55845	28	41	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	42	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	28	43	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	28	44	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	28	45	model	model	NOUN
eltls-55845	28	46	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	28	47	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	28	48	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	28	49	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	29	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	29	2	prior	prior	ADJ
eltls-55845	29	3	researches	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	4	predominantly	predominantly	ADV
eltls-55845	29	5	focused	focus	VERB
eltls-55845	29	6	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	29	7	teacher	teacher	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	29	9	centered	center	VERB
eltls-55845	29	10	instruction	instruction	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	29	12	where	where	SCONJ
eltls-55845	29	13	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	29	14	meaning	meaning	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	29	16	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	29	18	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	29	19	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	20	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	29	21	textbook	textbook	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	22	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	29	23	explained	explain	VERB
eltls-55845	29	24	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	29	25	traditional	traditional	ADJ
eltls-55845	29	26	classroom	classroom	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	27	settings	setting	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	29	29	supplemented	supplement	VERB
eltls-55845	29	30	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	29	31	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	29	32	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	29	33	class	class	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	34	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	29	35	after	after	ADP
eltls-55845	29	36	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	29	37	class	class	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	38	exercises	exercise	NOUN
eltls-55845	29	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	30	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	30	2	quantity	quantity	NOUN
eltls-55845	30	3	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	30	4	variety	variety	NOUN
eltls-55845	30	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	30	6	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	30	7	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	30	8	instructed	instruct	VERB
eltls-55845	30	9	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	30	10	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	30	11	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	30	12	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	30	13	inevitably	inevitably	ADV
eltls-55845	30	14	limited	limit	VERB
eltls-55845	30	15	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	30	16	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	30	17	constrained	constrain	VERB
eltls-55845	30	18	class	class	NOUN
eltls-55845	30	19	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	30	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	31	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
eltls-55845	31	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	31	3	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	31	4	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	31	5	often	often	ADV
eltls-55845	31	6	overlooks	overlook	VERB
eltls-55845	31	7	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	31	8	potential	potential	NOUN
eltls-55845	31	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	31	10	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	31	11	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	31	12	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	ADJ
eltls-55845	31	13	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	31	14	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	31	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	31	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	31	17	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	31	18	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	31	19	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	31	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	32	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	32	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	32	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	32	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	32	5	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	32	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	32	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	32	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	32	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	32	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	32	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	32	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	32	13	17	17	NUM
eltls-55845	32	14	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
eltls-55845	32	15	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	32	16	outside	outside	ADP
eltls-55845	32	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	32	18	classroom	classroom	NOUN
eltls-55845	32	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	33	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	33	2	response	response	NOUN
eltls-55845	33	3	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	33	4	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	33	5	limitations	limitation	NOUN
eltls-55845	33	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	33	7	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	33	8	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	33	9	seeks	seek	VERB
eltls-55845	33	10	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	33	11	innovate	innovate	VERB
eltls-55845	33	12	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	33	13	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	33	14	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	33	15	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	33	16	shifting	shift	VERB
eltls-55845	33	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	33	18	instructional	instructional	ADJ
eltls-55845	33	19	focus	focus	NOUN
eltls-55845	33	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	34	1	instead	instead	ADV
eltls-55845	34	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	34	3	explicating	explicate	VERB
eltls-55845	34	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	34	5	meaning	meaning	NOUN
eltls-55845	34	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	34	7	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-55845	34	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	34	9	individual	individual	ADJ
eltls-55845	34	10	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	34	11	during	during	ADP
eltls-55845	34	12	class	class	NOUN
eltls-55845	34	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	34	14	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	34	15	instructor	instructor	NOUN
eltls-55845	34	16	provides	provide	VERB
eltls-55845	34	17	an	an	DET
eltls-55845	34	18	overview	overview	NOUN
eltls-55845	34	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	34	20	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	34	21	definition	definition	NOUN
eltls-55845	34	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	34	23	classification	classification	NOUN
eltls-55845	34	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	34	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	34	26	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-55845	34	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	34	28	functional	functional	ADJ
eltls-55845	34	29	properties	property	NOUN
eltls-55845	34	30	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	34	31	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	34	32	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	34	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	35	1	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	35	2	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
eltls-55845	35	3	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
eltls-55845	35	4	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	35	6	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	7	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	35	8	equipped	equip	VERB
eltls-55845	35	9	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	35	10	self	self	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	11	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	35	12	constructed	construct	VERB
eltls-55845	35	13	corpora	corpora	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	35	15	online	online	ADJ
eltls-55845	35	16	resources	resource	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	35	18	including	include	VERB
eltls-55845	35	19	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	35	20	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	21	learning	learn	VERB
eltls-55845	35	22	videos	video	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	35	24	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-55845	35	25	materials	material	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	35	27	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	28	tables	table	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	29	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	35	30	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	35	31	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	35	33	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	35	34	retrieval	retrieval	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	35	tools	tool	NOUN
eltls-55845	35	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	36	1	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	36	2	resources	resource	NOUN
eltls-55845	36	3	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	36	4	designed	design	VERB
eltls-55845	36	5	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	36	6	encourage	encourage	VERB
eltls-55845	36	7	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	36	8	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	36	9	engage	engage	VERB
eltls-55845	36	10	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	36	11	independent	independent	ADJ
eltls-55845	36	12	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	36	13	after	after	ADP
eltls-55845	36	14	class	class	NOUN
eltls-55845	36	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	36	16	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-55845	36	17	enhancing	enhance	VERB
eltls-55845	36	18	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	36	19	ability	ability	NOUN
eltls-55845	36	20	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	36	21	store	store	VERB
eltls-55845	36	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	36	23	retrieve	retrieve	VERB
eltls-55845	36	24	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	36	25	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	36	26	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	36	27	long	long	ADJ
eltls-55845	36	28	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	36	29	term	term	NOUN
eltls-55845	36	30	memory	memory	NOUN
eltls-55845	36	31	through	through	ADP
eltls-55845	36	32	targeted	target	VERB
eltls-55845	36	33	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	36	34	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	36	35	homework	homework	NOUN
eltls-55845	36	36	assignments	assignment	NOUN
eltls-55845	36	37	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	37	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
eltls-55845	37	2	phraseology	phraseology	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	3	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	37	4	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	5	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	6	since	since	SCONJ
eltls-55845	37	7	harold	harold	PROPN
eltls-55845	37	8	e.	e.	PROPN
eltls-55845	37	9	palmer	palmer	PROPN
eltls-55845	37	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	37	11	1925	1925	NUM
eltls-55845	37	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	37	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	37	14	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	37	15	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	37	16	first	first	ADJ
eltls-55845	37	17	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	37	19	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
eltls-55845	37	20	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	37	21	importance	importance	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	37	23	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	37	24	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	25	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	37	26	conversation	conversation	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	37	28	phraseology	phraseology	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	29	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	37	30	now	now	ADV
eltls-55845	37	31	become	become	VERB
eltls-55845	37	32	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	37	33	major	major	ADJ
eltls-55845	37	34	field	field	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	37	36	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-55845	37	37	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	37	38	applied	apply	VERB
eltls-55845	37	39	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	40	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	37	41	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	42	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	37	43	including	include	VERB
eltls-55845	37	44	two	two	NUM
eltls-55845	37	45	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	46	paradigms	paradigm	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	47	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	37	48	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	49	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	37	50	driven	drive	VERB
eltls-55845	37	51	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	37	52	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	37	53	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	37	54	driven	drive	VERB
eltls-55845	37	55	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	38	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	38	2	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-55845	38	3	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	38	4	driven	drive	VERB
eltls-55845	38	5	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
eltls-55845	38	6	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	38	7	grounded	ground	VERB
eltls-55845	38	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	38	9	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-55845	38	10	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-55845	38	11	models	model	NOUN
eltls-55845	38	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	38	13	primarily	primarily	ADV
eltls-55845	38	14	investigates	investigate	VERB
eltls-55845	38	15	fixed	fix	VERB
eltls-55845	38	16	expressions	expression	NOUN
eltls-55845	38	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	38	18	idioms	idiom	NOUN
eltls-55845	38	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	38	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	38	21	other	other	ADJ
eltls-55845	38	22	structurally	structurally	ADV
eltls-55845	38	23	cohesive	cohesive	ADJ
eltls-55845	38	24	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	38	25	units	unit	NOUN
eltls-55845	38	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	39	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	39	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	39	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	39	5	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	6	data	data	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	7	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	39	8	driven	drive	VERB
eltls-55845	39	9	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	10	relies	rely	VERB
eltls-55845	39	11	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	39	12	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	39	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	39	15	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-55845	39	16	corpora	corpora	PROPN
eltls-55845	39	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	39	18	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
eltls-55845	39	19	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	39	20	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-55845	39	21	examination	examination	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	39	23	phrase	phrase	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	24	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	39	26	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	39	27	diversity	diversity	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	28	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	39	29	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-55845	39	30	forms	form	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	31	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	39	32	actual	actual	ADJ
eltls-55845	39	33	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	34	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	39	35	sinclair	sinclair	NOUN
eltls-55845	39	36	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	39	37	1991	1991	NUM
eltls-55845	39	38	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-55845	39	39	altenberg	altenberg	PROPN
eltls-55845	39	40	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	39	41	1998	1998	NUM
eltls-55845	39	42	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	39	43	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	40	1	altenberg	altenberg	PROPN
eltls-55845	40	2	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	40	3	1998	1998	NUM
eltls-55845	40	4	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	40	5	introduced	introduce	VERB
eltls-55845	40	6	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	40	7	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	40	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	40	9	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	40	10	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	40	11	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	40	12	phraseology	phraseology	NOUN
eltls-55845	40	13	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	40	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	40	15	advocating	advocate	VERB
eltls-55845	40	16	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	40	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	40	18	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
eltls-55845	40	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	40	20	both	both	DET
eltls-55845	40	21	fixed	fix	VERB
eltls-55845	40	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	40	23	semi	semi	ADJ
eltls-55845	40	24	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	40	25	fixed	fixed	ADJ
eltls-55845	40	26	word	word	NOUN
eltls-55845	40	27	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-55845	40	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	40	29	as	as	ADV
eltls-55845	40	30	well	well	ADV
eltls-55845	40	31	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	40	32	complete	complete	ADJ
eltls-55845	40	33	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	40	34	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
eltls-55845	40	35	phrases	phrase	NOUN
eltls-55845	40	36	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	40	37	within	within	ADP
eltls-55845	40	38	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	40	39	scope	scope	NOUN
eltls-55845	40	40	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	40	41	phraseological	phraseological	ADJ
eltls-55845	40	42	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	40	43	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	41	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	41	2	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	41	3	proposes	propose	VERB
eltls-55845	41	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	41	5	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	41	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	41	7	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	41	8	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	41	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	41	10	corpora	corpora	PROPN
eltls-55845	41	11	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	41	12	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	41	13	key	key	ADJ
eltls-55845	41	14	criterion	criterion	NOUN
eltls-55845	41	15	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	41	16	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	41	17	selection	selection	NOUN
eltls-55845	41	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	42	1	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	42	2	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	42	3	advantage	advantage	NOUN
eltls-55845	42	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	42	5	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	42	6	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
eltls-55845	42	7	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	42	8	its	its	PRON
eltls-55845	42	9	foundation	foundation	NOUN
eltls-55845	42	10	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	42	11	authentic	authentic	ADJ
eltls-55845	42	12	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	42	13	use	use	NOUN
eltls-55845	42	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	42	15	which	which	PRON
eltls-55845	42	16	allows	allow	VERB
eltls-55845	42	17	researchers	researcher	NOUN
eltls-55845	42	18	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	42	19	avoid	avoid	VERB
eltls-55845	42	20	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	42	21	constraints	constraint	NOUN
eltls-55845	42	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	42	23	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-55845	42	24	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-55845	42	25	frameworks	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	42	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	42	27	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	42	28	explore	explore	VERB
eltls-55845	42	29	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	42	30	broader	broad	ADJ
eltls-55845	42	31	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
eltls-55845	42	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	42	33	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-55845	42	34	units	unit	NOUN
eltls-55845	42	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	43	1	within	within	ADP
eltls-55845	43	2	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	43	3	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	43	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	43	5	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	43	6	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	43	7	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	43	8	classified	classify	VERB
eltls-55845	43	9	into	into	ADP
eltls-55845	43	10	three	three	NUM
eltls-55845	43	11	categories	category	NOUN
eltls-55845	43	12	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	43	13	full	full	ADJ
eltls-55845	43	14	clauses	clause	NOUN
eltls-55845	43	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	43	16	clause	clause	NOUN
eltls-55845	43	17	constituents	constituent	NOUN
eltls-55845	43	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	43	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	43	20	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
eltls-55845	43	21	phrases	phrase	NOUN
eltls-55845	43	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	44	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	44	2	classification	classification	NOUN
eltls-55845	44	3	further	far	ADV
eltls-55845	44	4	elucidates	elucidate	VERB
eltls-55845	44	5	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	44	6	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-55845	44	7	roles	role	NOUN
eltls-55845	44	8	that	that	PRON
eltls-55845	44	9	phrases	phrase	NOUN
eltls-55845	44	10	play	play	VERB
eltls-55845	44	11	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	44	12	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	44	13	production	production	NOUN
eltls-55845	44	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	44	15	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
eltls-55845	44	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	45	1	regarding	regard	VERB
eltls-55845	45	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	45	3	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
eltls-55845	45	4	generation	generation	NOUN
eltls-55845	45	5	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-55845	45	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	45	7	phraseology	phraseology	NOUN
eltls-55845	45	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	45	9	altenberg	altenberg	PROPN
eltls-55845	45	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	45	11	1998	1998	NUM
eltls-55845	45	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	45	13	introduces	introduce	VERB
eltls-55845	45	14	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	45	15	linear	linear	ADJ
eltls-55845	45	16	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-55845	45	17	generation	generation	NOUN
eltls-55845	45	18	model	model	NOUN
eltls-55845	45	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	45	20	referred	refer	VERB
eltls-55845	45	21	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	45	22	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	45	23	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	45	24	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	45	25	sewing	sewing	NOUN
eltls-55845	45	26	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	45	27	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-55845	45	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	45	29	which	which	PRON
eltls-55845	45	30	builds	build	VERB
eltls-55845	45	31	upon	upon	SCONJ
eltls-55845	45	32	halliday	halliday	PROPN
eltls-55845	45	33	's	's	PART
eltls-55845	45	34	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	45	35	1967	1967	NUM
eltls-55845	45	36	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	45	37	subject	subject	ADJ
eltls-55845	45	38	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	45	39	predicate	predicate	NOUN
eltls-55845	45	40	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	45	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	46	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	46	2	model	model	NOUN
eltls-55845	46	3	posits	posit	NOUN
eltls-55845	46	4	that	that	PRON
eltls-55845	46	5	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-55845	46	6	sequences	sequence	NOUN
eltls-55845	46	7	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	46	8	composed	compose	VERB
eltls-55845	46	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	46	10	two	two	NUM
eltls-55845	46	11	primary	primary	ADJ
eltls-55845	46	12	components	component	NOUN
eltls-55845	46	13	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	46	14	thematic	thematic	ADJ
eltls-55845	46	15	springboard	springboard	NOUN
eltls-55845	46	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	46	17	propositional	propositional	ADJ
eltls-55845	46	18	core	core	NOUN
eltls-55845	46	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	47	1	thematic	thematic	ADJ
eltls-55845	47	2	springboard	springboard	NOUN
eltls-55845	47	3	serves	serve	VERB
eltls-55845	47	4	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	47	5	convey	convey	VERB
eltls-55845	47	6	known	known	ADJ
eltls-55845	47	7	information	information	NOUN
eltls-55845	47	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	47	9	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	47	10	further	far	ADV
eltls-55845	47	11	subdivided	subdivide	VERB
eltls-55845	47	12	into	into	ADP
eltls-55845	47	13	frame	frame	NOUN
eltls-55845	47	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	47	15	onset	onset	NOUN
eltls-55845	47	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	47	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	47	18	stem	stem	VERB
eltls-55845	47	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	48	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	48	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
eltls-55845	48	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	48	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	48	5	propositional	propositional	ADJ
eltls-55845	48	6	core	core	NOUN
eltls-55845	48	7	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	48	8	responsible	responsible	ADJ
eltls-55845	48	9	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	48	10	expressing	express	VERB
eltls-55845	48	11	new	new	ADJ
eltls-55845	48	12	information	information	NOUN
eltls-55845	48	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	48	14	includes	include	VERB
eltls-55845	48	15	rheme	rheme	ADJ
eltls-55845	48	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	48	17	tail	tail	NOUN
eltls-55845	48	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	48	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	48	20	transition	transition	NOUN
eltls-55845	48	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	49	1	within	within	ADP
eltls-55845	49	2	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	49	3	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-55845	49	4	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	49	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	49	6	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	49	7	process	process	NOUN
eltls-55845	49	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	49	9	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	49	10	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	49	11	production	production	NOUN
eltls-55845	49	12	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	49	13	conceptualized	conceptualize	VERB
eltls-55845	49	14	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	49	15	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	49	16	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
eltls-55845	49	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	49	18	continuous	continuous	ADJ
eltls-55845	49	19	activity	activity	NOUN
eltls-55845	49	20	that	that	PRON
eltls-55845	49	21	involves	involve	VERB
eltls-55845	49	22	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	49	23	selection	selection	NOUN
eltls-55845	49	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	49	25	integration	integration	NOUN
eltls-55845	49	26	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-55845	49	27	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	49	28	sewing	sewing	NOUN
eltls-55845	49	29	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	49	30	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	49	31	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-55845	49	32	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	49	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	50	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	50	2	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-55845	50	3	highlights	highlight	VERB
eltls-55845	50	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	50	5	incremental	incremental	ADJ
eltls-55845	50	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	50	7	cohesive	cohesive	ADJ
eltls-55845	50	8	nature	nature	NOUN
eltls-55845	50	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	50	10	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-55845	50	11	construction	construction	NOUN
eltls-55845	50	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	50	13	wherein	wherein	SCONJ
eltls-55845	50	14	pre	pre	ADJ
eltls-55845	50	15	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	50	16	stored	store	VERB
eltls-55845	50	17	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	50	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	50	19	phrasal	phrasal	ADJ
eltls-55845	50	20	units	unit	NOUN
eltls-55845	50	21	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	50	22	sequentially	sequentially	ADV
eltls-55845	50	23	assembled	assemble	VERB
eltls-55845	50	24	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	50	25	generate	generate	VERB
eltls-55845	50	26	coherent	coherent	ADJ
eltls-55845	50	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	50	28	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	ADJ
eltls-55845	51	1	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	51	2	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	51	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	51	4	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	51	5	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	51	6	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	51	7	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	51	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	52	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	52	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	52	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	52	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	52	5	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	52	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	52	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	52	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	52	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	52	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	52	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	52	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	52	13	18	18	NUM
eltls-55845	52	14	contextually	contextually	ADV
eltls-55845	52	15	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
eltls-55845	52	16	utterances	utterance	NOUN
eltls-55845	52	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	53	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	53	2	process	process	NOUN
eltls-55845	53	3	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
eltls-55845	53	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	53	5	interplay	interplay	NOUN
eltls-55845	53	6	between	between	ADP
eltls-55845	53	7	stored	store	VERB
eltls-55845	53	8	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-55845	53	9	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
eltls-55845	53	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	53	11	real	real	ADJ
eltls-55845	53	12	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	53	13	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	53	14	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	53	15	production	production	NOUN
eltls-55845	53	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	53	17	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
eltls-55845	53	18	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	53	19	seamless	seamless	ADJ
eltls-55845	53	20	flow	flow	NOUN
eltls-55845	53	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	53	22	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-55845	53	23	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	53	24	maintaining	maintain	VERB
eltls-55845	53	25	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
eltls-55845	53	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	53	27	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-55845	53	28	coherence	coherence	NOUN
eltls-55845	53	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	54	1	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-55845	54	2	1	1	NUM
eltls-55845	54	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	55	1	linear	linear	ADJ
eltls-55845	55	2	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	55	4	multiple	multiple	ADJ
eltls-55845	55	5	clause	clause	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	6	constituents	constituent	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	7	abbreviation	abbreviation	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	55	9	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	55	10	=	=	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	11	adverbial	adverbial	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	55	13	c=	c=	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	14	complement	complement	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	55	16	d	d	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	17	=	=	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	18	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	19	item	item	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	55	21	l	l	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	22	=	=	VERB
eltls-55845	55	23	linking	link	VERB
eltls-55845	55	24	word	word	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	55	26	o	o	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	27	=	=	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	28	object	object	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	55	30	r	r	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	31	=	=	SYM
eltls-55845	55	32	response	response	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	33	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	55	34	s	s	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	35	=	=	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	36	subject	subject	ADJ
eltls-55845	55	37	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	55	38	v	v	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	39	=	=	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	40	verb	verb	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	41	element	element	NOUN
eltls-55845	55	42	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	56	1	2.3	2.3	NUM
eltls-55845	56	2	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	56	3	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	56	4	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	56	5	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	56	6	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	56	7	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	56	8	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	56	9	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	56	10	long	long	ADV
eltls-55845	56	11	been	be	AUX
eltls-55845	56	12	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	56	13	central	central	ADJ
eltls-55845	56	14	focus	focus	NOUN
eltls-55845	56	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	56	16	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	56	17	within	within	ADP
eltls-55845	56	18	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	56	19	field	field	NOUN
eltls-55845	56	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	56	21	sla	sla	PROPN
eltls-55845	56	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	57	1	lennon	lennon	PROPN
eltls-55845	57	2	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	57	3	1990	1990	NUM
eltls-55845	57	4	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	57	5	categorizes	categorize	VERB
eltls-55845	57	6	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	57	7	into	into	ADP
eltls-55845	57	8	two	two	NUM
eltls-55845	57	9	distinct	distinct	ADJ
eltls-55845	57	10	concepts	concept	NOUN
eltls-55845	57	11	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	57	12	broad	broad	ADJ
eltls-55845	57	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	57	14	narrow	narrow	ADJ
eltls-55845	57	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	58	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	58	2	narrow	narrow	ADJ
eltls-55845	58	3	sense	sense	NOUN
eltls-55845	58	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	58	5	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	58	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	58	7	which	which	PRON
eltls-55845	58	8	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
eltls-55845	58	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	58	10	smoothness	smoothness	NOUN
eltls-55845	58	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	58	12	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	58	13	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	58	14	generation	generation	NOUN
eltls-55845	58	15	process	process	NOUN
eltls-55845	58	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	58	17	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	58	18	become	become	VERB
eltls-55845	58	19	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	58	20	primary	primary	ADJ
eltls-55845	58	21	area	area	NOUN
eltls-55845	58	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	58	23	investigation	investigation	NOUN
eltls-55845	58	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	59	1	segalowitz	segalowitz	PROPN
eltls-55845	59	2	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	59	3	2010	2010	NUM
eltls-55845	59	4	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	59	5	further	far	ADV
eltls-55845	59	6	advances	advance	VERB
eltls-55845	59	7	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	59	8	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-55845	59	9	understanding	understanding	NOUN
eltls-55845	59	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	59	11	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	59	12	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	59	13	proposing	propose	VERB
eltls-55845	59	14	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	59	15	three	three	NUM
eltls-55845	59	16	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	59	17	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
eltls-55845	59	18	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	59	19	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	59	20	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	59	21	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-55845	59	22	perspective	perspective	NOUN
eltls-55845	59	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	59	24	encompassing	encompass	VERB
eltls-55845	59	25	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-55845	59	26	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	59	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	59	28	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-55845	59	29	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	59	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	59	31	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	59	32	perceptual	perceptual	ADJ
eltls-55845	59	33	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	59	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	60	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	60	2	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	60	3	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	60	4	provided	provide	VERB
eltls-55845	60	5	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	60	6	robust	robust	ADJ
eltls-55845	60	7	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-55845	60	8	foundation	foundation	NOUN
eltls-55845	60	9	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	60	10	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-55845	60	11	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	60	12	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	60	13	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	60	14	field	field	NOUN
eltls-55845	60	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	61	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	61	2	terms	term	NOUN
eltls-55845	61	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	61	4	methodological	methodological	ADJ
eltls-55845	61	5	approaches	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	61	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	61	7	researchers	researcher	NOUN
eltls-55845	61	8	commonly	commonly	ADV
eltls-55845	61	9	integrate	integrate	VERB
eltls-55845	61	10	objective	objective	ADJ
eltls-55845	61	11	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
eltls-55845	61	12	measurements	measurement	NOUN
eltls-55845	61	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	61	14	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-55845	61	15	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	61	16	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	61	17	subjective	subjective	ADJ
eltls-55845	61	18	ratings	rating	NOUN
eltls-55845	61	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	61	20	perceptual	perceptual	ADJ
eltls-55845	61	21	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	61	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	62	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	62	2	instance	instance	NOUN
eltls-55845	62	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	62	4	cucchiarini	cucchiarini	PROPN
eltls-55845	62	5	et	et	PROPN
eltls-55845	62	6	al	al	PROPN
eltls-55845	62	7	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	63	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	63	2	2002	2002	NUM
eltls-55845	63	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	63	4	identified	identify	VERB
eltls-55845	63	5	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	63	6	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	63	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	63	8	phonemes	phoneme	NOUN
eltls-55845	63	9	per	per	ADP
eltls-55845	63	10	second	second	NOUN
eltls-55845	63	11	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	63	12	beginners	beginner	NOUN
eltls-55845	63	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	63	14	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	63	15	average	average	ADJ
eltls-55845	63	16	syllable	syllable	NOUN
eltls-55845	63	17	length	length	NOUN
eltls-55845	63	18	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	63	19	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
eltls-55845	63	20	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	63	21	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	63	22	critical	critical	ADJ
eltls-55845	63	23	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	63	24	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	63	25	predicting	predict	VERB
eltls-55845	63	26	perceptual	perceptual	ADJ
eltls-55845	63	27	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	63	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	64	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
eltls-55845	64	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	64	3	derwing	derwe	VERB
eltls-55845	64	4	et	et	PROPN
eltls-55845	64	5	al	al	PROPN
eltls-55845	64	6	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	65	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	65	2	2004	2004	NUM
eltls-55845	65	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	65	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-55845	65	5	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	65	6	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	65	7	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	65	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	65	9	normalized	normalize	VERB
eltls-55845	65	10	trimmed	trimmed	ADJ
eltls-55845	65	11	syllable	syllable	NOUN
eltls-55845	65	12	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	65	13	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	65	14	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-55845	65	15	correlated	correlate	VERB
eltls-55845	65	16	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	65	17	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	65	18	ratings	rating	NOUN
eltls-55845	65	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	66	1	kormos	kormos	PROPN
eltls-55845	66	2	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	66	3	dénes	déne	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	66	5	2004	2004	NUM
eltls-55845	66	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	66	7	expanded	expand	VERB
eltls-55845	66	8	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	66	9	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	66	10	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	11	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	66	12	identifying	identify	VERB
eltls-55845	66	13	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	14	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	66	16	average	average	ADJ
eltls-55845	66	17	length	length	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	66	19	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	66	21	proportion	proportion	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	66	23	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	66	24	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	66	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	66	27	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	66	28	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	29	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	66	30	accented	accented	ADJ
eltls-55845	66	31	words	word	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	32	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	66	33	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	66	34	most	most	ADV
eltls-55845	66	35	reliable	reliable	ADJ
eltls-55845	66	36	predictors	predictor	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	37	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	66	38	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	66	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	67	1	however	however	ADV
eltls-55845	67	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	67	3	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	67	4	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	67	5	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
eltls-55845	67	6	considerable	considerable	ADJ
eltls-55845	67	7	methodological	methodological	ADJ
eltls-55845	67	8	variability	variability	NOUN
eltls-55845	67	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	67	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	67	11	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	67	12	collinearity	collinearity	NOUN
eltls-55845	67	13	among	among	ADP
eltls-55845	67	14	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
eltls-55845	67	15	measures	measure	NOUN
eltls-55845	67	16	often	often	ADV
eltls-55845	67	17	complicates	complicate	VERB
eltls-55845	67	18	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	67	19	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
eltls-55845	67	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	67	21	results	result	NOUN
eltls-55845	67	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	68	1	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	68	2	address	address	VERB
eltls-55845	68	3	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	68	4	issue	issue	NOUN
eltls-55845	68	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	68	6	recent	recent	ADJ
eltls-55845	68	7	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	68	8	（	（	PUNCT
eltls-55845	68	9	d	d	X
eltls-55845	68	10	）	）	PUNCT
eltls-55845	68	11	（	（	PUNCT
eltls-55845	69	1	l	l	PUNCT
eltls-55845	69	2	）	）	PUNCT
eltls-55845	69	3	（	（	PUNCT
eltls-55845	70	1	d	d	X
eltls-55845	70	2	/	/	SYM
eltls-55845	70	3	a	a	PRON
eltls-55845	70	4	）	）	PUNCT
eltls-55845	70	5	s	s	PART
eltls-55845	70	6	（	（	PUNCT
eltls-55845	70	7	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	70	8	）	）	X
eltls-55845	70	9	v	v	ADP
eltls-55845	70	10	（	（	PUNCT
eltls-55845	70	11	a	a	PRON
eltls-55845	70	12	）	）	NOUN
eltls-55845	70	13	o	o	NOUN
eltls-55845	70	14	/	/	SYM
eltls-55845	70	15	c	c	X
eltls-55845	70	16	/	/	SYM
eltls-55845	70	17	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	70	18	（	（	PROPN
eltls-55845	70	19	a	a	X
eltls-55845	70	20	）	）	PUNCT
eltls-55845	70	21	（	（	PUNCT
eltls-55845	71	1	d	d	X
eltls-55845	71	2	）	）	PUNCT
eltls-55845	71	3	…	…	PUNCT
eltls-55845	71	4	（	（	PUNCT
eltls-55845	71	5	r	r	X
eltls-55845	71	6	）	）	PROPN
eltls-55845	71	7	←	←	PROPN
eltls-55845	71	8	frame	frame	NOUN
eltls-55845	71	9	→	→	SYM
eltls-55845	71	10	←	←	PROPN
eltls-55845	71	11	onset	onset	NOUN
eltls-55845	71	12	→	→	SYM
eltls-55845	71	13	←	←	PROPN
eltls-55845	71	14	stem	stem	NOUN
eltls-55845	71	15	→	→	SYM
eltls-55845	71	16	←	←	PROPN
eltls-55845	71	17	rheme	rheme	PROPN
eltls-55845	71	18	→	→	SYM
eltls-55845	71	19	←	←	PROPN
eltls-55845	71	20	tail	tail	NOUN
eltls-55845	71	21	→	→	SYM
eltls-55845	71	22	←transition→	←transition→	NOUN
eltls-55845	71	23	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-55845	71	24	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	71	25	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	71	26	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	71	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	71	28	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	71	29	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	71	30	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	71	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	72	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	72	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	72	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	72	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	72	5	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	72	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	72	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	72	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	72	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	72	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	72	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	72	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	72	13	19	19	NUM
eltls-55845	72	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	72	15	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
eltls-55845	72	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	72	17	de	de	X
eltls-55845	72	18	et	et	PROPN
eltls-55845	72	19	al	al	PROPN
eltls-55845	72	20	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	72	21	2013	2013	NUM
eltls-55845	72	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	72	23	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	72	24	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	72	25	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
eltls-55845	72	26	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	72	27	importance	importance	NOUN
eltls-55845	72	28	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	72	29	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-55845	72	30	low	low	ADJ
eltls-55845	72	31	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	72	32	collinearity	collinearity	NOUN
eltls-55845	72	33	measures	measure	NOUN
eltls-55845	72	34	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	72	35	enhance	enhance	VERB
eltls-55845	72	36	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	72	37	validity	validity	NOUN
eltls-55845	72	38	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	72	39	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	72	40	assessments	assessment	NOUN
eltls-55845	72	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	73	1	building	build	VERB
eltls-55845	73	2	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	73	3	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	73	4	advancements	advancement	NOUN
eltls-55845	73	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	73	6	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	73	7	present	present	ADJ
eltls-55845	73	8	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	73	9	introduces	introduce	VERB
eltls-55845	73	10	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	73	11	novel	novel	ADJ
eltls-55845	73	12	methodological	methodological	ADJ
eltls-55845	73	13	perspective	perspective	NOUN
eltls-55845	73	14	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	73	15	selecting	select	VERB
eltls-55845	73	16	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-55845	73	17	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
eltls-55845	73	18	measures	measure	NOUN
eltls-55845	73	19	across	across	ADP
eltls-55845	73	20	six	six	NUM
eltls-55845	73	21	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-55845	73	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	73	23	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	73	24	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	73	25	speed	speed	NOUN
eltls-55845	73	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	73	27	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	73	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	73	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	73	30	repairs	repair	NOUN
eltls-55845	73	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	74	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	74	2	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	74	3	aims	aim	VERB
eltls-55845	74	4	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	74	5	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
eltls-55845	74	6	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	74	7	issue	issue	NOUN
eltls-55845	74	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	74	9	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-55845	74	10	confusion	confusion	NOUN
eltls-55845	74	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	74	12	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-55845	74	13	offering	offer	VERB
eltls-55845	74	14	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	74	15	more	more	ADV
eltls-55845	74	16	precise	precise	ADJ
eltls-55845	74	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	74	18	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
eltls-55845	74	19	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	74	20	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	74	21	analyzing	analyze	VERB
eltls-55845	74	22	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	74	23	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	74	24	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	74	25	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	74	26	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	74	27	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	74	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	75	1	3	3	X
eltls-55845	75	2	.	.	X
eltls-55845	75	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	4	3.1	3.1	NUM
eltls-55845	75	5	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	6	purpose	purpose	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	7	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	75	8	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	9	seeks	seek	VERB
eltls-55845	75	10	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	75	11	develop	develop	VERB
eltls-55845	75	12	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	75	13	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	14	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	75	15	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	75	16	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	75	17	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	18	tailored	tailor	VERB
eltls-55845	75	19	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	75	20	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	75	21	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-55845	75	22	context	context	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	23	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	75	24	first	first	ADJ
eltls-55845	75	25	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	75	26	year	year	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	27	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	28	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	75	29	universities	university	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	30	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	75	31	western	western	ADJ
eltls-55845	75	32	china	china	PROPN
eltls-55845	75	33	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	75	34	who	who	PRON
eltls-55845	75	35	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-55845	75	36	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	75	37	strong	strong	ADJ
eltls-55845	75	38	foundation	foundation	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	39	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	75	40	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	75	41	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	42	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	43	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-55845	75	44	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
eltls-55845	75	45	deficiencies	deficiency	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	46	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	75	47	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	75	48	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	75	49	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	76	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	76	2	model	model	NOUN
eltls-55845	76	3	prioritizes	prioritize	VERB
eltls-55845	76	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	76	5	use	use	NOUN
eltls-55845	76	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	76	7	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	76	8	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	76	9	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	76	10	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	76	11	core	core	ADJ
eltls-55845	76	12	instructional	instructional	ADJ
eltls-55845	76	13	focus	focus	NOUN
eltls-55845	76	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	76	15	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
eltls-55845	76	16	both	both	DET
eltls-55845	76	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	76	18	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	76	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	76	20	chunk	chunk	ADJ
eltls-55845	76	21	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-55845	76	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	76	23	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	76	24	explicit	explicit	ADJ
eltls-55845	76	25	explanation	explanation	NOUN
eltls-55845	76	26	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	76	27	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	76	28	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
eltls-55845	76	29	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-55845	76	30	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	76	31	functional	functional	ADJ
eltls-55845	76	32	applications	application	NOUN
eltls-55845	76	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	77	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	77	2	integrating	integrate	VERB
eltls-55845	77	3	online	online	ADJ
eltls-55845	77	4	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	77	5	offline	offline	ADJ
eltls-55845	77	6	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	77	7	resources	resource	NOUN
eltls-55845	77	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	77	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	77	10	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	77	11	aims	aim	VERB
eltls-55845	77	12	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	77	13	identify	identify	VERB
eltls-55845	77	14	an	an	DET
eltls-55845	77	15	effective	effective	ADJ
eltls-55845	77	16	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
eltls-55845	77	17	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	77	18	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	77	19	enhance	enhance	VERB
eltls-55845	77	20	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	77	21	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	77	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	77	23	university	university	NOUN
eltls-55845	77	24	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	77	25	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	77	26	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	77	27	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	77	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	78	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
eltls-55845	78	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	78	3	it	it	PRON
eltls-55845	78	4	intends	intend	VERB
eltls-55845	78	5	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	78	6	foster	foster	VERB
eltls-55845	78	7	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	78	8	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	78	9	motivation	motivation	NOUN
eltls-55845	78	10	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	78	11	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
eltls-55845	78	12	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	78	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	78	14	promote	promote	VERB
eltls-55845	78	15	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	78	16	development	development	NOUN
eltls-55845	78	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	78	18	lifelong	lifelong	ADJ
eltls-55845	78	19	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	78	20	skills	skill	NOUN
eltls-55845	78	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	79	1	3.2	3.2	NUM
eltls-55845	79	2	participants	participant	NOUN
eltls-55845	79	3	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	79	4	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	79	5	involved	involve	VERB
eltls-55845	79	6	intact	intact	ADJ
eltls-55845	79	7	first	first	ADJ
eltls-55845	79	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	79	9	year	year	NOUN
eltls-55845	79	10	non	non	ADJ
eltls-55845	79	11	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	79	12	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	79	13	major	major	ADJ
eltls-55845	79	14	classes	class	NOUN
eltls-55845	79	15	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	79	16	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	79	17	universities	university	NOUN
eltls-55845	79	18	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	79	19	western	western	ADJ
eltls-55845	79	20	china	china	PROPN
eltls-55845	79	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	80	1	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	80	2	sample	sample	NOUN
eltls-55845	80	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	80	4	40	40	NUM
eltls-55845	80	5	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	80	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	80	7	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	80	8	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	80	9	mean	mean	ADJ
eltls-55845	80	10	age	age	NOUN
eltls-55845	80	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	80	12	17.75	17.75	NUM
eltls-55845	80	13	years	year	NOUN
eltls-55845	80	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	80	15	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	80	16	selected	select	VERB
eltls-55845	80	17	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	80	18	participate	participate	VERB
eltls-55845	80	19	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	80	20	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	80	21	16	16	NUM
eltls-55845	80	22	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	80	23	week	week	NOUN
eltls-55845	80	24	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	80	25	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	80	26	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	80	27	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	80	28	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	80	29	experiment	experiment	NOUN
eltls-55845	80	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	81	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	81	2	participants	participant	NOUN
eltls-55845	81	3	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	81	4	average	average	ADJ
eltls-55845	81	5	score	score	NOUN
eltls-55845	81	6	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	81	7	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	81	8	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	81	9	section	section	NOUN
eltls-55845	81	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	81	11	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	81	12	national	national	PROPN
eltls-55845	81	13	college	college	PROPN
eltls-55845	81	14	entrance	entrance	NOUN
eltls-55845	81	15	examination	examination	NOUN
eltls-55845	81	16	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	81	17	gaokao	gaokao	PROPN
eltls-55845	81	18	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	81	19	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	81	20	112.3	112.3	NUM
eltls-55845	81	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	81	22	reflecting	reflect	VERB
eltls-55845	81	23	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	81	24	solid	solid	ADJ
eltls-55845	81	25	foundation	foundation	NOUN
eltls-55845	81	26	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	81	27	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	81	28	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	81	29	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
eltls-55845	81	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	82	1	pre	pre	ADJ
eltls-55845	82	2	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	82	3	experiment	experiment	ADJ
eltls-55845	82	4	interview	interview	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	5	revealed	reveal	VERB
eltls-55845	82	6	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	82	7	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	82	8	listening	listening	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	9	section	section	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	10	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	82	11	excluded	exclude	VERB
eltls-55845	82	12	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	82	13	college	college	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	14	entrance	entrance	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	15	examination	examination	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	16	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	82	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	82	18	participants	participant	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	19	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	82	20	respective	respective	ADJ
eltls-55845	82	21	provinces	province	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	82	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	82	24	no	no	DET
eltls-55845	82	25	targeted	target	VERB
eltls-55845	82	26	training	training	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	27	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	82	28	listening	listen	VERB
eltls-55845	82	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	82	30	speaking	speaking	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	31	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	82	32	conducted	conduct	VERB
eltls-55845	82	33	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	82	34	high	high	ADJ
eltls-55845	82	35	school	school	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	36	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	82	37	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	82	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	83	1	participants	participant	NOUN
eltls-55845	83	2	lack	lack	VERB
eltls-55845	83	3	confidence	confidence	NOUN
eltls-55845	83	4	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	83	5	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	83	6	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	83	7	listening	listening	NOUN
eltls-55845	83	8	skills	skill	NOUN
eltls-55845	83	9	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	83	10	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	83	11	abilities	ability	NOUN
eltls-55845	83	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	83	13	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	83	14	more	more	ADJ
eltls-55845	83	15	than	than	ADP
eltls-55845	83	16	half	half	NOUN
eltls-55845	83	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	83	18	them	they	PRON
eltls-55845	83	19	admitting	admit	VERB
eltls-55845	83	20	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	83	21	they	they	PRON
eltls-55845	83	22	do	do	AUX
eltls-55845	83	23	n't	not	PART
eltls-55845	83	24	know	know	VERB
eltls-55845	83	25	how	how	SCONJ
eltls-55845	83	26	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	83	27	start	start	VERB
eltls-55845	83	28	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	83	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	84	1	3.3	3.3	NUM
eltls-55845	84	2	experiment	experiment	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	3	design	design	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	4	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	84	5	contrast	contrast	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	6	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	84	7	previous	previous	ADJ
eltls-55845	84	8	emphases	emphasis	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	9	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	84	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	11	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	84	12	explanation	explanation	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	84	14	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	84	15	small	small	ADJ
eltls-55845	84	16	set	set	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	84	18	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	19	excerpted	excerpt	VERB
eltls-55845	84	20	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	84	21	textbook	textbook	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	84	23	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	24	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	84	25	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	84	26	classroom	classroom	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	84	28	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	84	29	experiment	experiment	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	30	design	design	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	31	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
eltls-55845	84	32	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	33	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	84	34	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
eltls-55845	84	35	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	36	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	84	37	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	38	process	process	NOUN
eltls-55845	84	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	85	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	2	provide	provide	VERB
eltls-55845	85	3	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	4	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	85	5	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-55845	85	6	instructions	instruction	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	7	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	85	8	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	85	9	definition	definition	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	85	11	classification	classification	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	85	13	function	function	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	85	15	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	85	16	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	85	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	85	19	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	20	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	21	materials	material	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	22	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	85	23	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	85	25	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
eltls-55845	85	26	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	85	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	86	1	through	through	ADP
eltls-55845	86	2	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	86	3	imitation	imitation	NOUN
eltls-55845	86	4	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	86	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	86	6	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	86	7	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	86	8	guided	guide	VERB
eltls-55845	86	9	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	86	10	identify	identify	VERB
eltls-55845	86	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	86	12	analyze	analyze	VERB
eltls-55845	86	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	86	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	86	15	use	use	VERB
eltls-55845	86	16	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	86	17	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	86	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	86	19	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-55845	86	20	forming	form	VERB
eltls-55845	86	21	long	long	ADJ
eltls-55845	86	22	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	86	23	term	term	NOUN
eltls-55845	86	24	memory	memory	NOUN
eltls-55845	86	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	86	26	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	86	27	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	86	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	86	29	improving	improve	VERB
eltls-55845	86	30	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	86	31	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	86	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	86	33	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	86	34	expression	expression	NOUN
eltls-55845	86	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	87	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	87	2	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	87	3	provides	provide	VERB
eltls-55845	87	4	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	87	5	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	87	6	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	87	7	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
eltls-55845	87	8	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	87	9	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	87	10	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
eltls-55845	87	11	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	87	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	87	13	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	87	14	after	after	ADP
eltls-55845	87	15	class	class	NOUN
eltls-55845	87	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	88	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	88	2	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	88	3	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	88	4	created	create	VERB
eltls-55845	88	5	within	within	ADP
eltls-55845	88	6	two	two	NUM
eltls-55845	88	7	modalities	modality	NOUN
eltls-55845	88	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	88	9	video	video	NOUN
eltls-55845	88	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	88	11	text	text	NOUN
eltls-55845	88	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	89	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	89	2	links	link	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	89	4	twenty	twenty	NUM
eltls-55845	89	5	ted	ted	ADJ
eltls-55845	89	6	talk	talk	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	7	videos	video	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	8	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-55845	89	9	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	89	10	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	89	13	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	14	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	15	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	89	17	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	89	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	89	19	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	89	20	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	21	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	89	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	89	23	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	89	24	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	89	25	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	89	26	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	89	27	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	89	28	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	89	29	20	20	NUM
eltls-55845	89	30	covering	cover	VERB
eltls-55845	89	31	topics	topic	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	32	such	such	ADJ
eltls-55845	89	33	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	89	34	education	education	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	35	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	89	36	culture	culture	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	37	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	89	38	economy	economy	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	39	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	89	40	environment	environment	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	41	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	89	42	technology	technology	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	43	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	89	44	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	89	45	health	health	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	46	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	89	47	offered	offer	VERB
eltls-55845	89	48	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	89	49	practicing	practice	VERB
eltls-55845	89	50	materials	material	NOUN
eltls-55845	89	51	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	90	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	90	2	text	text	NOUN
eltls-55845	90	3	content	content	NOUN
eltls-55845	90	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	90	5	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	90	6	videos	video	NOUN
eltls-55845	90	7	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	90	8	transcribed	transcribe	VERB
eltls-55845	90	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	90	10	cleaned	clean	VERB
eltls-55845	90	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	90	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	90	13	edited	edit	VERB
eltls-55845	90	14	into	into	ADP
eltls-55845	90	15	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	90	16	database	database	NOUN
eltls-55845	90	17	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	90	18	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	90	19	capacity	capacity	NOUN
eltls-55845	90	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	90	21	approximately	approximately	ADV
eltls-55845	90	22	38,000	38,000	NUM
eltls-55845	90	23	characters	character	NOUN
eltls-55845	90	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	91	1	referring	refer	VERB
eltls-55845	91	2	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	91	3	altenber	altenber	PROPN
eltls-55845	91	4	's	's	PART
eltls-55845	91	5	chunk	chunk	ADJ
eltls-55845	91	6	extraction	extraction	NOUN
eltls-55845	91	7	criteria	criterion	NOUN
eltls-55845	91	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	91	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	91	10	standard	standard	NOUN
eltls-55845	91	11	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	91	12	extracting	extract	VERB
eltls-55845	91	13	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	91	14	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	91	15	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	91	16	text	text	NOUN
eltls-55845	91	17	corpora	corpora	NOUN
eltls-55845	91	18	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	91	19	set	set	VERB
eltls-55845	91	20	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	91	21	word	word	NOUN
eltls-55845	91	22	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	91	23	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-55845	91	24	consisting	consist	VERB
eltls-55845	91	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	91	26	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	91	27	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	91	28	5	5	NUM
eltls-55845	91	29	words	word	NOUN
eltls-55845	91	30	occurring	occur	VERB
eltls-55845	91	31	at	at	ADV
eltls-55845	91	32	least	least	ADV
eltls-55845	91	33	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	91	34	times	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	91	35	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	91	36	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	91	37	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	91	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	1	using	use	VERB
eltls-55845	92	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	92	3	n	n	CCONJ
eltls-55845	92	4	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	5	grams	grams	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	6	function	function	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	92	8	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	92	9	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	10	software	software	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	11	antconc	antconc	ADJ
eltls-55845	92	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	13	all	all	DET
eltls-55845	92	14	word	word	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	15	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	16	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	17	that	that	PRON
eltls-55845	92	18	meet	meet	VERB
eltls-55845	92	19	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	92	20	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	21	requirements	requirement	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	22	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	92	23	extracted	extract	VERB
eltls-55845	92	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	92	26	then	then	ADV
eltls-55845	92	27	manually	manually	ADV
eltls-55845	92	28	filtered	filter	VERB
eltls-55845	92	29	one	one	NUM
eltls-55845	92	30	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	92	31	one	one	NUM
eltls-55845	92	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	33	removing	remove	VERB
eltls-55845	92	34	disfluent	disfluent	ADJ
eltls-55845	92	35	fillers	filler	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	36	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	37	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
eltls-55845	92	38	ehm	ehm	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	39	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	40	ah	ah	INTJ
eltls-55845	92	41	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	42	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	92	43	repetitions	repetition	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	44	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-55845	92	45	fragments	fragment	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	46	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	47	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
eltls-55845	92	48	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	92	49	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	92	50	the	the	PRON
eltls-55845	92	51	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	52	out	out	ADP
eltls-55845	92	53	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	92	54	the	the	PRON
eltls-55845	92	55	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	56	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	92	57	thus	thus	ADV
eltls-55845	92	58	forming	form	VERB
eltls-55845	92	59	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	92	60	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	61	table	table	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	62	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	92	63	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	92	64	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	65	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	92	66	presentations	presentation	NOUN
eltls-55845	92	67	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	93	1	3.4	3.4	NUM
eltls-55845	93	2	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
eltls-55845	93	3	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	93	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	93	5	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	93	6	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	93	7	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	93	8	human	human	NOUN
eltls-55845	93	9	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	93	10	annotated	annotate	VERB
eltls-55845	93	11	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	93	12	recordings	recording	NOUN
eltls-55845	93	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	93	14	six	six	NUM
eltls-55845	93	15	objective	objective	ADJ
eltls-55845	93	16	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
eltls-55845	93	17	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	93	18	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	93	19	computed	compute	VERB
eltls-55845	93	20	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	93	21	each	each	DET
eltls-55845	93	22	recording	recording	NOUN
eltls-55845	93	23	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	93	24	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	93	25	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	93	26	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	93	27	see	see	VERB
eltls-55845	93	28	table	table	NOUN
eltls-55845	93	29	1	1	NUM
eltls-55845	93	30	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	93	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	94	1	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	94	2	ensure	ensure	VERB
eltls-55845	94	3	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	94	4	each	each	DET
eltls-55845	94	5	indicator	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	94	6	captures	capture	VERB
eltls-55845	94	7	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	94	8	distinct	distinct	ADJ
eltls-55845	94	9	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-55845	94	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	94	11	disfluency	disfluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	94	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	94	13	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	94	14	prevent	prevent	VERB
eltls-55845	94	15	inter	inter	ADJ
eltls-55845	94	16	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	94	17	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
eltls-55845	94	18	confounding	confounding	NOUN
eltls-55845	94	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	94	20	all	all	DET
eltls-55845	94	21	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	94	22	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	94	23	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	94	24	metrics	metric	NOUN
eltls-55845	94	25	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	94	26	calculated	calculate	VERB
eltls-55845	94	27	using	use	VERB
eltls-55845	94	28	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	94	29	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	94	30	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	94	31	excluding	exclude	VERB
eltls-55845	94	32	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	94	33	intervals	interval	NOUN
eltls-55845	94	34	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	94	35	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-55845	94	36	than	than	ADP
eltls-55845	94	37	total	total	ADJ
eltls-55845	94	38	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	94	39	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	94	40	including	include	VERB
eltls-55845	94	41	silence	silence	NOUN
eltls-55845	94	42	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	94	43	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	95	1	drawing	draw	VERB
eltls-55845	95	2	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	95	3	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	95	4	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-55845	95	5	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	6	established	establish	VERB
eltls-55845	95	7	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	95	8	bosker	bosker	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	95	10	2012	2012	NUM
eltls-55845	95	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	95	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	95	13	which	which	PRON
eltls-55845	95	14	identified	identify	VERB
eltls-55845	95	15	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	16	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	95	18	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	95	20	repetition	repetition	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	95	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	95	23	repair	repair	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	24	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	95	25	key	key	ADJ
eltls-55845	95	26	factors	factor	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	27	influencing	influence	VERB
eltls-55845	95	28	evaluators	evaluator	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	29	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	95	30	perception	perception	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	31	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	95	32	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	33	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	95	34	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	95	35	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	36	operationalizes	operationalize	VERB
eltls-55845	95	37	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	38	across	across	ADP
eltls-55845	95	39	three	three	NUM
eltls-55845	95	40	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	41	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	95	42	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	43	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	44	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	95	45	disfluency	disfluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	46	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	95	47	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	95	48	repair	repair	VERB
eltls-55845	95	49	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	95	50	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	96	1	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	96	2	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	96	3	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	96	4	measured	measure	VERB
eltls-55845	96	5	using	use	VERB
eltls-55845	96	6	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	96	7	single	single	ADJ
eltls-55845	96	8	indicator	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	96	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	96	10	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	96	11	mean	mean	ADJ
eltls-55845	96	12	length	length	NOUN
eltls-55845	96	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	96	14	syllables	syllable	NOUN
eltls-55845	96	15	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	96	16	mls	mls	PROPN
eltls-55845	96	17	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	96	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	96	19	which	which	PRON
eltls-55845	96	20	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	96	21	logarithmically	logarithmically	ADV
eltls-55845	96	22	transformed	transform	VERB
eltls-55845	96	23	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	96	24	normalize	normalize	VERB
eltls-55845	96	25	its	its	PRON
eltls-55845	96	26	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	96	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	97	1	disfluency	disfluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	2	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	97	3	assessed	assess	VERB
eltls-55845	97	4	through	through	ADP
eltls-55845	97	5	three	three	NUM
eltls-55845	97	6	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	97	8	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	97	9	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	97	11	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	97	12	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	13	per	per	ADP
eltls-55845	97	14	unit	unit	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	97	16	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	97	17	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	18	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	97	19	nsp	nsp	PROPN
eltls-55845	97	20	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	97	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	97	22	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	97	23	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	97	25	vocalized	vocalized	ADJ
eltls-55845	97	26	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	27	per	per	ADP
eltls-55845	97	28	unit	unit	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	29	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	97	30	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	97	31	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	32	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	97	33	nfp	nfp	INTJ
eltls-55845	97	34	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	97	35	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	97	36	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	97	37	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	97	38	mean	mean	ADJ
eltls-55845	97	39	length	length	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	40	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	97	41	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	97	42	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	43	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	97	44	mlp	mlp	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	45	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	97	46	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	97	47	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	97	48	mlp	mlp	PROPN
eltls-55845	97	49	also	also	ADV
eltls-55845	97	50	subjected	subject	VERB
eltls-55845	97	51	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	97	52	logarithmic	logarithmic	ADJ
eltls-55845	97	53	transformation	transformation	NOUN
eltls-55845	97	54	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	98	1	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	98	2	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	98	3	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	98	4	selected	select	VERB
eltls-55845	98	5	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	98	6	quantify	quantify	VERB
eltls-55845	98	7	both	both	CCONJ
eltls-55845	98	8	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	98	9	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	98	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	98	11	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	98	12	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-55845	98	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	98	14	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	98	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	98	16	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	98	17	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
eltls-55845	98	18	between	between	ADP
eltls-55845	98	19	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	98	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	98	21	vocalized	vocalized	ADJ
eltls-55845	98	22	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	98	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	99	1	repair	repair	NOUN
eltls-55845	99	2	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	99	3	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	99	4	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
eltls-55845	99	5	using	use	VERB
eltls-55845	99	6	two	two	NUM
eltls-55845	99	7	metrics	metric	NOUN
eltls-55845	99	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	99	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	99	10	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	99	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	99	12	repetitions	repetition	NOUN
eltls-55845	99	13	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	99	14	nr	nr	NOUN
eltls-55845	99	15	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	99	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	99	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	99	18	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	99	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	99	20	repairs	repair	NOUN
eltls-55845	99	21	per	per	ADP
eltls-55845	99	22	unit	unit	NOUN
eltls-55845	99	23	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	99	24	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	99	25	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	99	26	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	99	27	nc	nc	PROPN
eltls-55845	99	28	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	99	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	100	1	all	all	DET
eltls-55845	100	2	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	100	3	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	100	4	designed	design	VERB
eltls-55845	100	5	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	100	6	consistent	consistent	ADJ
eltls-55845	100	7	directionality	directionality	NOUN
eltls-55845	100	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	100	9	where	where	SCONJ
eltls-55845	100	10	higher	high	ADJ
eltls-55845	100	11	values	value	NOUN
eltls-55845	100	12	correspond	correspond	VERB
eltls-55845	100	13	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	100	14	lower	lower	VERB
eltls-55845	100	15	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	100	16	levels	level	NOUN
eltls-55845	100	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	101	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
eltls-55845	101	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	101	3	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	101	4	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	5	adopts	adopt	VERB
eltls-55845	101	6	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	101	7	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	8	threshold	threshold	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	101	10	250ms	250ms	PROPN
eltls-55845	101	11	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	101	12	towell	towell	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	13	et	et	PROPN
eltls-55845	101	14	al	al	PROPN
eltls-55845	101	15	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	101	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	101	17	1996	1996	NUM
eltls-55845	101	18	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	101	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	101	20	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	101	21	micro	micro	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	22	-	-	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	23	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	24	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	101	25	riggenbach	riggenbach	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	101	27	1991	1991	NUM
eltls-55845	101	28	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	101	29	below	below	ADP
eltls-55845	101	30	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	101	31	threshold	threshold	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	32	excluded	exclude	VERB
eltls-55845	101	33	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	101	34	consideration	consideration	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	35	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	101	36	disfluencies	disfluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	37	affecting	affect	VERB
eltls-55845	101	38	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	101	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	102	1	table	table	NOUN
eltls-55845	102	2	1	1	NUM
eltls-55845	102	3	.	.	X
eltls-55845	102	4	list	list	NOUN
eltls-55845	102	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	102	6	six	six	NUM
eltls-55845	102	7	selected	select	VERB
eltls-55845	102	8	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
eltls-55845	102	9	measures	measure	NOUN
eltls-55845	102	10	aspect	aspect	VERB
eltls-55845	102	11	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	102	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	1	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
eltls-55845	103	2	measure	measure	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	3	calculation	calculation	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	4	speed	speed	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	5	1	1	NUM
eltls-55845	103	6	mean	mean	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	7	length	length	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	9	syllables	syllable	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	11	mls	mls	PROPN
eltls-55845	103	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	13	log	log	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	15	spoken	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	103	16	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	17	/	/	SYM
eltls-55845	103	18	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	20	syllables	syllable	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	21	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	22	breakdown	breakdown	VERB
eltls-55845	103	23	2	2	NUM
eltls-55845	103	24	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	26	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	103	27	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	28	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	29	nsp	nsp	ADJ
eltls-55845	103	30	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	31	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	33	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	103	34	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	35	/	/	SYM
eltls-55845	103	36	spoken	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	103	37	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	38	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	103	39	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	40	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	41	filled	fill	VERB
eltls-55845	103	42	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	43	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	44	nfp	nfp	INTJ
eltls-55845	103	45	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	46	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	47	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	48	filled	fill	VERB
eltls-55845	103	49	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	50	/	/	SYM
eltls-55845	103	51	spoken	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	103	52	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	53	4	4	NUM
eltls-55845	103	54	mean	mean	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	55	length	length	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	56	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	57	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	103	58	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	59	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	60	mlp	mlp	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	61	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	62	log	log	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	63	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	64	sum	sum	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	65	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	66	length	length	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	67	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	68	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	103	69	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	70	/	/	SYM
eltls-55845	103	71	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	72	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	73	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	103	74	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	75	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	76	repair	repair	VERB
eltls-55845	103	77	5	5	NUM
eltls-55845	103	78	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	79	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	80	repetitions	repetition	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	81	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	82	nr	nr	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	83	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	103	84	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	85	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	103	86	repetitions	repetition	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	87	/	/	SYM
eltls-55845	103	88	spoken	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	103	89	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	90	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	DET
eltls-55845	103	91	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	103	92	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	93	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	94	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	103	95	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	96	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	97	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	103	98	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	104	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	104	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	104	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	104	5	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	104	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	104	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	104	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	104	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	104	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	104	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	104	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	104	13	21	21	NUM
eltls-55845	104	14	6	6	NUM
eltls-55845	104	15	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	104	16	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	104	17	corrections	correction	NOUN
eltls-55845	104	18	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	104	19	nc	nc	NOUN
eltls-55845	104	20	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	104	21	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	104	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	104	23	corrections	correction	NOUN
eltls-55845	104	24	/	/	SYM
eltls-55845	104	25	spoken	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	104	26	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	104	27	note	note	NOUN
eltls-55845	104	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	105	1	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	105	2	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	105	3	=	=	SYM
eltls-55845	105	4	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	105	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	105	6	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	105	7	fragment	fragment	NOUN
eltls-55845	105	8	excluding	exclude	VERB
eltls-55845	105	9	silence	silence	NOUN
eltls-55845	105	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	105	11	>	>	PUNCT
eltls-55845	105	12	250ms	250ms	ADJ
eltls-55845	105	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	106	1	3.5	3.5	NUM
eltls-55845	106	2	experiment	experiment	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	3	procedure	procedure	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	4	grounded	ground	VERB
eltls-55845	106	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	106	6	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	106	7	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
eltls-55845	106	8	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	9	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	106	10	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	106	11	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	12	proposed	propose	VERB
eltls-55845	106	13	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	106	14	boers	boer	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	15	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-55845	106	16	lindstromberg	lindstromberg	PROPN
eltls-55845	106	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	106	18	2011	2011	NUM
eltls-55845	106	19	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	106	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	106	21	leveraging	leverage	VERB
eltls-55845	106	22	advancements	advancement	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	23	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	106	24	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	25	technology	technology	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	106	27	internet	internet	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	28	resources	resource	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	106	30	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	106	31	16	16	NUM
eltls-55845	106	32	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	106	33	week	week	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	34	experiment	experiment	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	35	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	106	36	conducted	conduct	VERB
eltls-55845	106	37	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-55845	106	38	follows	follow	VERB
eltls-55845	106	39	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	106	40	pre	pre	ADJ
eltls-55845	106	41	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	106	42	test	test	ADJ
eltls-55845	106	43	administration	administration	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	44	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	106	45	week	week	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	46	1	1	NUM
eltls-55845	106	47	):	):	PUNCT
eltls-55845	106	48	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	106	49	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	106	50	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	51	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	106	52	chinese	chinese	PROPN
eltls-55845	106	53	college	college	PROPN
eltls-55845	106	54	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	106	55	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	56	band	band	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	57	4	4	NUM
eltls-55845	106	58	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	106	59	cet4	cet4	PROPN
eltls-55845	106	60	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	106	61	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	106	62	adopted	adopt	VERB
eltls-55845	106	63	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	106	64	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	106	65	pre	pre	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	66	-	-	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	67	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	68	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	106	69	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	106	70	40	40	NUM
eltls-55845	106	71	participating	participate	VERB
eltls-55845	106	72	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	106	73	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	107	1	six	six	NUM
eltls-55845	107	2	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	107	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	107	4	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	107	5	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	107	6	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	107	7	extracted	extract	VERB
eltls-55845	107	8	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	107	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	107	10	recordings	recording	NOUN
eltls-55845	107	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	107	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	107	13	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	107	14	corresponding	corresponding	ADJ
eltls-55845	107	15	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	107	16	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	107	17	documented	document	VERB
eltls-55845	107	18	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	107	19	baseline	baseline	ADJ
eltls-55845	107	20	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-55845	107	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	108	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	108	3	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	4	resources	resource	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	108	6	week	week	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	7	2	2	NUM
eltls-55845	108	8	):	):	PUNCT
eltls-55845	108	9	instructors	instructor	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	10	provided	provide	VERB
eltls-55845	108	11	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	12	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	108	13	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	14	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	108	15	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	108	16	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	17	materials	material	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	108	19	including	include	VERB
eltls-55845	108	20	online	online	ADJ
eltls-55845	108	21	video	video	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	22	links	link	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	108	24	offline	offline	ADJ
eltls-55845	108	25	text	text	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	26	libraries	library	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	108	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	108	29	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	108	30	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	31	table	table	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	108	33	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	108	34	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	108	35	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	108	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	109	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
eltls-55845	109	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	109	3	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	109	4	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	109	5	introduced	introduce	VERB
eltls-55845	109	6	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	109	7	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	109	8	collins	collin	NOUN
eltls-55845	109	9	cobuild	cobuild	PROPN
eltls-55845	109	10	online	online	ADJ
eltls-55845	109	11	collocations	collocation	NOUN
eltls-55845	109	12	website	website	NOUN
eltls-55845	109	13	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	109	14	http://www.collins.co.uk	http://www.collins.co.uk	PROPN
eltls-55845	109	15	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	109	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	109	17	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	109	18	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
eltls-55845	109	19	resource	resource	NOUN
eltls-55845	109	20	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	109	21	exploring	explore	VERB
eltls-55845	109	22	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	109	23	chunk	chunk	ADJ
eltls-55845	109	24	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-55845	109	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	110	1	instruction	instruction	NOUN
eltls-55845	110	2	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	110	3	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	110	4	chunk	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	110	5	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-55845	110	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	110	7	classification	classification	NOUN
eltls-55845	110	8	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	110	9	weeks	week	NOUN
eltls-55845	110	10	2	2	NUM
eltls-55845	110	11	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	110	12	4	4	NUM
eltls-55845	110	13	):	):	PUNCT
eltls-55845	110	14	instructors	instructor	NOUN
eltls-55845	110	15	delivered	deliver	VERB
eltls-55845	110	16	lectures	lecture	NOUN
eltls-55845	110	17	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	110	18	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	110	19	foundational	foundational	ADJ
eltls-55845	110	20	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-55845	110	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	110	22	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	110	23	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	110	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	110	25	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	110	26	functional	functional	ADJ
eltls-55845	110	27	classification	classification	NOUN
eltls-55845	110	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	111	1	following	follow	VERB
eltls-55845	111	2	altenberg	altenberg	PROPN
eltls-55845	111	3	’s	’s	PART
eltls-55845	111	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	111	5	1998:103	1998:103	NUM
eltls-55845	111	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	111	7	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	111	8	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-55845	111	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	111	10	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	111	11	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	111	12	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	111	13	ranging	range	VERB
eltls-55845	111	14	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	111	15	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	111	16	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	111	17	6	6	NUM
eltls-55845	111	18	words	word	NOUN
eltls-55845	111	19	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	111	20	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	111	21	initially	initially	ADV
eltls-55845	111	22	categorized	categorize	VERB
eltls-55845	111	23	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	111	24	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	111	25	primary	primary	ADJ
eltls-55845	111	26	level	level	NOUN
eltls-55845	111	27	into	into	ADP
eltls-55845	111	28	three	three	NUM
eltls-55845	111	29	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-55845	111	30	types	type	NOUN
eltls-55845	111	31	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	111	32	full	full	ADJ
eltls-55845	111	33	clauses	clause	NOUN
eltls-55845	111	34	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	111	35	clause	clause	NOUN
eltls-55845	111	36	constituents	constituent	NOUN
eltls-55845	111	37	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	111	38	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	111	39	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
eltls-55845	111	40	phrases	phrase	NOUN
eltls-55845	111	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	112	1	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
eltls-55845	112	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	112	3	clause	clause	NOUN
eltls-55845	112	4	constituents	constituent	NOUN
eltls-55845	112	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	112	6	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
eltls-55845	112	7	phrases	phrase	NOUN
eltls-55845	112	8	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	112	9	further	far	ADV
eltls-55845	112	10	classified	classify	VERB
eltls-55845	112	11	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	112	12	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	112	13	secondary	secondary	ADJ
eltls-55845	112	14	level	level	NOUN
eltls-55845	112	15	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	112	16	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	112	17	linear	linear	ADJ
eltls-55845	112	18	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-55845	112	19	generation	generation	NOUN
eltls-55845	112	20	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-55845	112	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	113	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	113	2	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	113	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	113	4	use	use	NOUN
eltls-55845	113	5	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	113	6	each	each	DET
eltls-55845	113	7	category	category	NOUN
eltls-55845	113	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	113	9	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	113	10	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	113	11	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	113	12	quantified	quantify	VERB
eltls-55845	113	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	113	14	presented	present	VERB
eltls-55845	113	15	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	113	16	tabular	tabular	PROPN
eltls-55845	113	17	form	form	NOUN
eltls-55845	113	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	114	1	concurrently	concurrently	ADV
eltls-55845	114	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	114	3	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	114	4	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	114	5	trained	train	VERB
eltls-55845	114	6	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	114	7	utilize	utilize	VERB
eltls-55845	114	8	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	114	9	collins	collin	NOUN
eltls-55845	114	10	cobuild	cobuild	PROPN
eltls-55845	114	11	online	online	ADJ
eltls-55845	114	12	collocations	collocation	NOUN
eltls-55845	114	13	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	114	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	115	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	115	2	engaging	engage	VERB
eltls-55845	115	3	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	115	4	highand	highand	ADJ
eltls-55845	115	5	medium	medium	ADJ
eltls-55845	115	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	115	7	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	8	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	115	9	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	10	derived	derive	VERB
eltls-55845	115	11	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	115	12	authentic	authentic	ADJ
eltls-55845	115	13	spoken	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	115	14	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	15	materials	material	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	115	17	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	18	gradually	gradually	ADV
eltls-55845	115	19	developed	develop	VERB
eltls-55845	115	20	familiarity	familiarity	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	21	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	115	22	chunk	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	23	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	115	24	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	115	25	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	115	27	cultivated	cultivate	VERB
eltls-55845	115	28	chunk	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	29	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	115	30	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	115	31	expression	expression	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	32	habits	habit	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	33	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	115	34	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	115	35	reinforced	reinforce	VERB
eltls-55845	115	36	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	115	37	retention	retention	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	38	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	115	39	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	115	40	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	115	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	116	1	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
eltls-55845	116	2	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	116	3	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	116	4	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	116	5	preparation	preparation	NOUN
eltls-55845	116	6	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	116	7	weeks	week	NOUN
eltls-55845	116	8	2	2	NUM
eltls-55845	116	9	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	116	10	16	16	NUM
eltls-55845	116	11	):	):	PUNCT
eltls-55845	116	12	beginning	begin	VERB
eltls-55845	116	13	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	116	14	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	116	15	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	116	16	week	week	NOUN
eltls-55845	116	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	116	18	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	116	19	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	116	20	required	require	VERB
eltls-55845	116	21	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	116	22	independently	independently	ADV
eltls-55845	116	23	practice	practice	VERB
eltls-55845	116	24	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	116	25	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	116	26	after	after	ADP
eltls-55845	116	27	class	class	NOUN
eltls-55845	116	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	117	1	activities	activity	NOUN
eltls-55845	117	2	included	include	VERB
eltls-55845	117	3	video	video	NOUN
eltls-55845	117	4	shadowing	shadowing	NOUN
eltls-55845	117	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	117	6	chunk	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	117	7	querying	querying	NOUN
eltls-55845	117	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	117	9	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	117	10	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	117	11	exercises	exercise	NOUN
eltls-55845	117	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	118	1	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
eltls-55845	118	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	118	3	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	118	4	began	begin	VERB
eltls-55845	118	5	preparing	prepare	VERB
eltls-55845	118	6	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	118	7	own	own	ADJ
eltls-55845	118	8	speeches	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	118	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	119	1	throughout	throughout	ADP
eltls-55845	119	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	119	3	experiment	experiment	NOUN
eltls-55845	119	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	119	5	each	each	DET
eltls-55845	119	6	student	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	119	7	delivered	deliver	VERB
eltls-55845	119	8	two	two	NUM
eltls-55845	119	9	impromptu	impromptu	ADJ
eltls-55845	119	10	speeches	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	119	11	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	119	12	class	class	NOUN
eltls-55845	119	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	119	14	each	each	PRON
eltls-55845	119	15	limited	limit	VERB
eltls-55845	119	16	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	119	17	5	5	NUM
eltls-55845	119	18	minutes	minute	NOUN
eltls-55845	119	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	120	1	during	during	ADP
eltls-55845	120	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	120	3	preparation	preparation	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	4	process	process	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	120	6	instructors	instructor	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	7	encouraged	encourage	VERB
eltls-55845	120	8	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	9	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	120	10	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
eltls-55845	120	11	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	120	12	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	13	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	120	14	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	120	15	ted	ted	PROPN
eltls-55845	120	16	talk	talk	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	17	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	18	into	into	ADP
eltls-55845	120	19	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	120	20	speeches	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	120	22	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	120	23	verify	verify	VERB
eltls-55845	120	24	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	120	25	collocational	collocational	ADJ
eltls-55845	120	26	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	27	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	120	28	phrases	phrase	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	29	using	use	VERB
eltls-55845	120	30	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	120	31	collins	collin	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	32	cobuild	cobuild	PROPN
eltls-55845	120	33	online	online	ADJ
eltls-55845	120	34	collocations	collocation	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	35	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	120	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	121	1	post	post	ADJ
eltls-55845	121	2	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	121	3	test	test	ADJ
eltls-55845	121	4	administration	administration	NOUN
eltls-55845	121	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	121	6	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	121	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-55845	121	8	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	121	9	week	week	NOUN
eltls-55845	121	10	17	17	NUM
eltls-55845	121	11	):	):	PUNCT
eltls-55845	121	12	after	after	ADP
eltls-55845	121	13	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	121	14	16	16	NUM
eltls-55845	121	15	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	121	16	week	week	NOUN
eltls-55845	121	17	intervention	intervention	NOUN
eltls-55845	121	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	121	19	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	121	20	post	post	NOUN
eltls-55845	121	21	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	121	22	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	121	23	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	121	24	conducted	conduct	VERB
eltls-55845	121	25	using	use	VERB
eltls-55845	121	26	another	another	DET
eltls-55845	121	27	set	set	NOUN
eltls-55845	121	28	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	121	29	cet4	cet4	PROPN
eltls-55845	121	30	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	121	31	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	121	32	questions	question	NOUN
eltls-55845	121	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	122	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	122	2	same	same	ADJ
eltls-55845	122	3	six	six	NUM
eltls-55845	122	4	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	122	5	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	122	6	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	122	7	extracted	extract	VERB
eltls-55845	122	8	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	122	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	122	10	recordings	recording	NOUN
eltls-55845	122	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	122	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	122	13	paired	pair	VERB
eltls-55845	122	14	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	122	15	sample	sample	NOUN
eltls-55845	122	16	t	t	NOUN
eltls-55845	122	17	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	122	18	tests	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	122	19	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	122	20	performed	perform	VERB
eltls-55845	122	21	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	122	22	compare	compare	VERB
eltls-55845	122	23	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	122	24	pre	pre	NOUN
eltls-55845	122	25	-	-	NOUN
eltls-55845	122	26	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	122	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	122	28	post	post	ADJ
eltls-55845	122	29	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	122	30	test	test	ADJ
eltls-55845	122	31	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	122	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	123	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-55845	123	2	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	123	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	123	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	123	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	123	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	123	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	123	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	123	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	124	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	124	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	124	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	124	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	124	5	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	124	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	124	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	124	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	124	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	124	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	124	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	124	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	124	13	22	22	NUM
eltls-55845	124	14	4	4	NUM
eltls-55845	124	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	125	1	results	result	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	2	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	125	3	finding	find	VERB
eltls-55845	125	4	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	125	5	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
eltls-55845	125	6	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	125	7	changes	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	125	9	participants	participant	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	10	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	125	11	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	125	12	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	13	between	between	ADP
eltls-55845	125	14	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	125	15	beginning	beginning	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	125	17	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	125	19	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	125	20	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	125	22	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	125	23	following	follow	VERB
eltls-55845	125	24	statistical	statistical	ADJ
eltls-55845	125	25	methods	method	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	26	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	125	27	employed	employ	VERB
eltls-55845	125	28	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	125	29	1	1	X
eltls-55845	125	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	125	31	normality	normality	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	32	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	33	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	125	34	shapiro	shapiro	PROPN
eltls-55845	125	35	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	125	36	wilk	wilk	PROPN
eltls-55845	125	37	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	38	):	):	PUNCT
eltls-55845	125	39	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	125	40	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	41	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	125	42	conducted	conduct	VERB
eltls-55845	125	43	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	125	44	assess	assess	VERB
eltls-55845	125	45	whether	whether	SCONJ
eltls-55845	125	46	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	125	47	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	48	followed	follow	VERB
eltls-55845	125	49	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	125	50	normal	normal	ADJ
eltls-55845	125	51	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	52	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	125	53	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-55845	125	54	informing	inform	VERB
eltls-55845	125	55	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	125	56	choice	choice	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	57	between	between	ADP
eltls-55845	125	58	parametric	parametric	ADJ
eltls-55845	125	59	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	125	60	non	non	ADJ
eltls-55845	125	61	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	125	62	parametric	parametric	ADJ
eltls-55845	125	63	tests	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	64	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	125	65	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-55845	125	66	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-55845	125	67	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	126	1	2	2	X
eltls-55845	126	2	.	.	NUM
eltls-55845	126	3	paired	pair	VERB
eltls-55845	126	4	sample	sample	NOUN
eltls-55845	126	5	t	t	PROPN
eltls-55845	126	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	126	7	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	126	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	126	9	applied	apply	VERB
eltls-55845	126	10	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	126	11	compare	compare	VERB
eltls-55845	126	12	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	126	13	mean	mean	ADJ
eltls-55845	126	14	values	value	NOUN
eltls-55845	126	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	126	16	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	126	17	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	126	18	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	126	19	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	126	20	beginning	beginning	NOUN
eltls-55845	126	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	126	22	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	126	23	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	126	24	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	126	25	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	126	26	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	126	27	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	126	28	that	that	PRON
eltls-55845	126	29	adhered	adhere	VERB
eltls-55845	126	30	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	126	31	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	126	32	normal	normal	ADJ
eltls-55845	126	33	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	126	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	127	1	3	3	X
eltls-55845	127	2	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	127	3	wilcoxon	wilcoxon	PROPN
eltls-55845	127	4	signed	sign	VERB
eltls-55845	127	5	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	127	6	rank	rank	NOUN
eltls-55845	127	7	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	127	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	127	9	utilized	utilize	VERB
eltls-55845	127	10	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	127	11	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	127	12	that	that	PRON
eltls-55845	127	13	did	do	AUX
eltls-55845	127	14	not	not	PART
eltls-55845	127	15	conform	conform	VERB
eltls-55845	127	16	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	127	17	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	127	18	normal	normal	ADJ
eltls-55845	127	19	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	127	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	127	21	providing	provide	VERB
eltls-55845	127	22	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	127	23	non	non	ADJ
eltls-55845	127	24	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	127	25	parametric	parametric	ADJ
eltls-55845	127	26	alternative	alternative	NOUN
eltls-55845	127	27	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	127	28	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	127	29	paired	pair	VERB
eltls-55845	127	30	sample	sample	NOUN
eltls-55845	127	31	t	t	NOUN
eltls-55845	127	32	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	127	33	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	127	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	128	1	4	4	X
eltls-55845	128	2	.	.	X
eltls-55845	128	3	cohen	cohen	PROPN
eltls-55845	128	4	’s	’s	PART
eltls-55845	128	5	d	d	PROPN
eltls-55845	128	6	effect	effect	NOUN
eltls-55845	128	7	size	size	NOUN
eltls-55845	128	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-55845	128	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	128	10	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	128	11	metric	metric	NOUN
eltls-55845	128	12	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	128	13	calculated	calculate	VERB
eltls-55845	128	14	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	128	15	quantify	quantify	VERB
eltls-55845	128	16	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	128	17	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
eltls-55845	128	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	128	19	observed	observed	ADJ
eltls-55845	128	20	changes	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	128	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	128	22	offering	offer	VERB
eltls-55845	128	23	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	128	24	standardized	standardized	ADJ
eltls-55845	128	25	measure	measure	NOUN
eltls-55845	128	26	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	128	27	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	128	28	intervention	intervention	NOUN
eltls-55845	128	29	's	's	PART
eltls-55845	128	30	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-55845	128	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	129	1	5	5	X
eltls-55845	129	2	.	.	X
eltls-55845	129	3	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	129	4	visualization	visualization	NOUN
eltls-55845	129	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	129	6	box	box	NOUN
eltls-55845	129	7	plots	plot	NOUN
eltls-55845	129	8	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	129	9	employed	employ	VERB
eltls-55845	129	10	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	129	11	visually	visually	ADV
eltls-55845	129	12	represent	represent	VERB
eltls-55845	129	13	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	129	14	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	129	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	129	16	trends	trend	NOUN
eltls-55845	129	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	129	18	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	129	19	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	129	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	129	21	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
eltls-55845	129	22	an	an	DET
eltls-55845	129	23	intuitive	intuitive	ADJ
eltls-55845	129	24	understanding	understanding	NOUN
eltls-55845	129	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	129	26	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	129	27	results	result	NOUN
eltls-55845	129	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	130	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	130	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
eltls-55845	130	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	130	4	preand	preand	NOUN
eltls-55845	130	5	post	post	ADJ
eltls-55845	130	6	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	130	7	semester	semester	ADJ
eltls-55845	130	8	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	130	9	revealed	reveal	VERB
eltls-55845	130	10	changes	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	130	11	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	130	12	certain	certain	ADJ
eltls-55845	130	13	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	130	14	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	130	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	130	16	though	though	SCONJ
eltls-55845	130	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	130	18	overall	overall	ADJ
eltls-55845	130	19	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN
eltls-55845	130	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	130	21	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	130	22	changes	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	130	23	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	130	24	relatively	relatively	ADV
eltls-55845	130	25	modest	modest	ADJ
eltls-55845	130	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	131	1	detailed	detailed	ADJ
eltls-55845	131	2	results	result	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	3	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	131	4	presented	present	VERB
eltls-55845	131	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	131	6	table	table	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	7	2	2	NUM
eltls-55845	131	8	below	below	ADV
eltls-55845	131	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	131	10	table	table	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	11	2	2	NUM
eltls-55845	131	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	131	13	paired	pair	VERB
eltls-55845	131	14	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	131	15	samples	sample	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	16	t	t	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	17	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	131	18	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	19	statistics	statistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	20	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	131	21	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	22	index	index	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	23	significance	significance	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	24	level	level	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	25	α=	α=	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	26	0.05	0.05	NUM
eltls-55845	131	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	131	28	if	if	SCONJ
eltls-55845	131	29	p	p	X
eltls-55845	131	30	<	<	X
eltls-55845	131	31	0.05	0.05	NUM
eltls-55845	131	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	131	33	it	it	PRON
eltls-55845	131	34	indicates	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	131	35	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	131	36	there	there	PRON
eltls-55845	131	37	is	be	VERB
eltls-55845	131	38	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	131	39	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	131	40	change	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	41	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	131	42	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	131	43	indicator	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	44	between	between	ADP
eltls-55845	131	45	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	131	46	beginning	beginning	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	47	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	131	48	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	131	49	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	50	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	131	51	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	131	52	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	131	53	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	132	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	132	2	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	132	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	132	4	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	132	5	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	132	6	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	132	7	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	132	8	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	132	9	did	do	AUX
eltls-55845	132	10	not	not	PART
eltls-55845	132	11	show	show	VERB
eltls-55845	132	12	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	132	13	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	132	14	change	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	132	15	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	132	16	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	132	17	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	132	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	132	19	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	132	20	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	132	21	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	132	22	p	p	X
eltls-55845	132	23	>	>	X
eltls-55845	132	24	0.05	0.05	NUM
eltls-55845	132	25	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	132	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	132	27	suggesting	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	132	28	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	132	29	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	132	30	expression	expression	NOUN
eltls-55845	132	31	speed	speed	NOUN
eltls-55845	132	32	remained	remain	VERB
eltls-55845	132	33	consistent	consistent	ADJ
eltls-55845	132	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	133	1	however	however	ADV
eltls-55845	133	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	133	3	both	both	CCONJ
eltls-55845	133	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	133	5	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	133	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	133	7	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	133	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	133	9	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	133	10	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	133	11	decreased	decrease	VERB
eltls-55845	133	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	133	13	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	133	14	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	133	15	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	133	16	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-55845	133	17	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	133	18	improvement	improvement	NOUN
eltls-55845	133	19	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	133	20	p	p	X
eltls-55845	133	21	<	<	X
eltls-55845	133	22	0.05	0.05	NUM
eltls-55845	133	23	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	133	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	133	25	reflecting	reflect	VERB
eltls-55845	133	26	enhanced	enhance	VERB
eltls-55845	133	27	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	133	28	organization	organization	NOUN
eltls-55845	133	29	skills	skill	NOUN
eltls-55845	133	30	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	133	31	reduced	reduce	VERB
eltls-55845	133	32	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-55845	133	33	processing	processing	NOUN
eltls-55845	133	34	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	133	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	1	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	134	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	134	3	reduction	reduction	NOUN
eltls-55845	134	4	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	134	5	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	134	6	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	134	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	134	8	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	134	9	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	134	10	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	134	11	not	not	PART
eltls-55845	134	12	statistically	statistically	ADV
eltls-55845	134	13	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	134	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	15	p	p	X
eltls-55845	134	16	>	>	X
eltls-55845	134	17	0.05	0.05	NUM
eltls-55845	134	18	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	20	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	134	21	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	134	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	134	23	vocal	vocal	ADJ
eltls-55845	134	24	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	134	25	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	26	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
eltls-55845	134	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	28	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	29	uh	uh	INTJ
eltls-55845	134	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	31	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	32	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	33	um	um	INTJ
eltls-55845	134	34	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	35	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	36	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
eltls-55845	134	37	considerable	considerable	ADJ
eltls-55845	134	38	variation	variation	NOUN
eltls-55845	134	39	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	40	p	p	X
eltls-55845	134	41	>	>	X
eltls-55845	134	42	0.05	0.05	NUM
eltls-55845	134	43	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	44	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	45	aligning	align	VERB
eltls-55845	134	46	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	134	47	cenoz	cenoz	PROPN
eltls-55845	134	48	's	's	PART
eltls-55845	134	49	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-55845	134	50	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	134	51	vocal	vocal	ADJ
eltls-55845	134	52	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	134	53	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	134	54	more	more	ADV
eltls-55845	134	55	individual	individual	ADJ
eltls-55845	134	56	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	134	57	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-55845	134	58	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	134	59	have	have	VERB
eltls-55845	134	60	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	134	61	lesser	less	ADJ
eltls-55845	134	62	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-55845	134	63	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	134	64	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	134	65	compared	compare	VERB
eltls-55845	134	66	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	134	67	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	134	68	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	134	69	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	135	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
eltls-55845	135	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	135	3	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	135	4	reductions	reduction	NOUN
eltls-55845	135	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	135	6	repetitions	repetition	NOUN
eltls-55845	135	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	135	8	corrections	correction	NOUN
eltls-55845	135	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	135	10	p	p	X
eltls-55845	135	11	<	<	X
eltls-55845	135	12	0.05	0.05	NUM
eltls-55845	135	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	135	14	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	135	15	observed	observe	VERB
eltls-55845	135	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	135	17	indicating	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	135	18	increased	increase	VERB
eltls-55845	135	19	confidence	confidence	NOUN
eltls-55845	135	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	135	21	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	135	22	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	135	23	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	135	24	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	135	25	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	135	26	expression	expression	NOUN
eltls-55845	135	27	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	135	28	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	135	29	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	135	30	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	135	31	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	135	32	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	135	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	136	1	overall	overall	ADV
eltls-55845	136	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	136	3	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	136	4	results	result	NOUN
eltls-55845	136	5	highlight	highlight	VERB
eltls-55845	136	6	improvements	improvement	NOUN
eltls-55845	136	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	136	8	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-55845	136	9	aspects	aspect	NOUN
eltls-55845	136	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	136	11	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	136	12	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	136	13	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-55845	136	14	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	136	15	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	136	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	136	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	136	18	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	136	19	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	136	20	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	136	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	137	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	137	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	137	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	137	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	137	5	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	137	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	137	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	137	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	137	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	137	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	137	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	137	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	137	13	23	23	NUM
eltls-55845	137	14	underscoring	underscore	VERB
eltls-55845	137	15	areas	area	NOUN
eltls-55845	137	16	where	where	SCONJ
eltls-55845	137	17	progress	progress	NOUN
eltls-55845	137	18	remains	remain	VERB
eltls-55845	137	19	limited	limited	ADJ
eltls-55845	137	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	138	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	138	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	138	3	following	follow	VERB
eltls-55845	138	4	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	5	2	2	NUM
eltls-55845	138	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	138	7	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	138	8	box	box	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	9	plot	plot	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	138	11	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	138	12	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	13	metrics	metric	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	14	further	far	ADV
eltls-55845	138	15	presents	present	VERB
eltls-55845	138	16	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	138	17	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	138	19	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	138	20	six	six	NUM
eltls-55845	138	21	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	138	22	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	23	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	24	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	138	25	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	138	26	beginning	beginning	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	27	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	138	28	blue	blue	ADJ
eltls-55845	138	29	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	138	30	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	138	31	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	32	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	138	33	orange	orange	PROPN
eltls-55845	138	34	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	138	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	138	36	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	138	37	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	138	39	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	138	40	help	help	VERB
eltls-55845	138	41	analyze	analyze	VERB
eltls-55845	138	42	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	138	43	changing	change	VERB
eltls-55845	138	44	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	45	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	138	46	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	138	47	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	48	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	138	49	outliers	outlier	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	50	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	138	51	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	138	52	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	138	53	variability	variability	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	54	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	138	55	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	138	56	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	138	57	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	139	1	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	2	2	2	NUM
eltls-55845	139	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	139	4	box	box	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	5	plot	plot	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	139	7	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	139	8	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	9	metrics	metric	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	10	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	139	11	box	box	PROPN
eltls-55845	139	12	plot	plot	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	13	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-55845	139	14	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	139	15	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	139	16	median	median	ADJ
eltls-55845	139	17	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	18	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	19	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	139	20	mls	mls	PROPN
eltls-55845	139	21	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	139	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	139	23	one	one	NUM
eltls-55845	139	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	139	25	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	139	26	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	27	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	139	29	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	139	30	slightly	slightly	ADV
eltls-55845	139	31	higher	high	ADJ
eltls-55845	139	32	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	139	33	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	139	34	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	139	36	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	139	37	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	38	compared	compare	VERB
eltls-55845	139	39	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	139	40	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	139	41	beginning	beginning	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	42	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	139	43	suggesting	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	139	44	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	139	45	modest	modest	ADJ
eltls-55845	139	46	overall	overall	ADJ
eltls-55845	139	47	improvement	improvement	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	48	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	139	49	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	50	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	139	51	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	139	52	speed	speed	NOUN
eltls-55845	139	53	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	140	1	however	however	ADV
eltls-55845	140	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	140	3	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	140	4	data	data	NOUN
eltls-55845	140	5	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	140	6	remains	remain	VERB
eltls-55845	140	7	relatively	relatively	ADV
eltls-55845	140	8	concentrated	concentrate	VERB
eltls-55845	140	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	140	10	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	140	11	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	140	12	few	few	ADJ
eltls-55845	140	13	outliers	outlier	NOUN
eltls-55845	140	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	140	15	upper	upper	ADJ
eltls-55845	140	16	dots	dot	NOUN
eltls-55845	140	17	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	140	18	present	present	ADJ
eltls-55845	140	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	141	1	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	141	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	141	3	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-55845	141	4	indicates	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	141	5	an	an	DET
eltls-55845	141	6	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
eltls-55845	141	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	141	8	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	141	9	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	141	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	141	11	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	141	12	improvement	improvement	NOUN
eltls-55845	141	13	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	141	14	not	not	PART
eltls-55845	141	15	statistically	statistically	ADV
eltls-55845	141	16	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	141	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	142	1	regarding	regard	VERB
eltls-55845	142	2	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	142	3	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	142	4	related	relate	VERB
eltls-55845	142	5	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	142	6	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	142	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	142	8	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	142	9	median	median	ADJ
eltls-55845	142	10	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	142	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	142	12	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	142	13	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	142	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	142	15	nsp	nsp	PROPN
eltls-55845	142	16	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	142	17	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	142	18	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	142	19	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	142	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	142	21	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	142	22	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	142	23	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	142	24	comparable	comparable	ADJ
eltls-55845	142	25	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	142	26	that	that	PRON
eltls-55845	142	27	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	142	28	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	142	29	beginning	beginning	NOUN
eltls-55845	142	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	142	31	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-55845	142	32	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	142	33	data	data	NOUN
eltls-55845	142	34	variability	variability	NOUN
eltls-55845	142	35	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	142	36	increased	increase	VERB
eltls-55845	142	37	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	142	38	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-55845	142	39	evidenced	evidence	VERB
eltls-55845	142	40	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	142	41	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	142	42	wider	wide	ADJ
eltls-55845	142	43	interquartile	interquartile	ADJ
eltls-55845	142	44	range	range	NOUN
eltls-55845	142	45	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	143	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-55845	143	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	143	3	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	143	4	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	143	5	some	some	DET
eltls-55845	143	6	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	143	7	continue	continue	VERB
eltls-55845	143	8	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	143	9	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
eltls-55845	143	10	frequent	frequent	ADJ
eltls-55845	143	11	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	143	12	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	143	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	143	14	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	143	15	overall	overall	ADJ
eltls-55845	143	16	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	143	17	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	143	18	shifted	shift	VERB
eltls-55845	143	19	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-55845	143	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	143	21	highlighting	highlight	VERB
eltls-55845	143	22	individual	individual	ADJ
eltls-55845	143	23	differences	difference	NOUN
eltls-55845	143	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	144	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	144	2	median	median	ADJ
eltls-55845	144	3	mean	mean	VERB
eltls-55845	144	4	length	length	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	144	6	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	144	7	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	8	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	144	9	mlp	mlp	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	10	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	144	11	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	144	12	decreased	decrease	VERB
eltls-55845	144	13	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	144	14	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	144	15	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	16	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	144	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	144	18	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	144	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	144	21	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	144	22	data	data	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	23	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	24	range	range	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	25	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	144	26	narrowed	narrow	VERB
eltls-55845	144	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	144	28	indicating	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	144	29	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	144	30	most	most	ADJ
eltls-55845	144	31	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	32	have	have	AUX
eltls-55845	144	33	achieved	achieve	VERB
eltls-55845	144	34	greater	great	ADJ
eltls-55845	144	35	stability	stability	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	36	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	144	37	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	38	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	144	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	145	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	145	2	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-55845	145	3	reflects	reflect	VERB
eltls-55845	145	4	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	145	5	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	145	6	reduction	reduction	NOUN
eltls-55845	145	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	145	8	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	145	9	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	145	10	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	145	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	145	12	implying	imply	VERB
eltls-55845	145	13	improved	improved	ADJ
eltls-55845	145	14	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	145	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	145	16	reduced	reduce	VERB
eltls-55845	145	17	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-55845	145	18	processing	processing	NOUN
eltls-55845	145	19	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	145	20	during	during	ADP
eltls-55845	145	21	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	145	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	146	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
eltls-55845	146	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	146	3	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	146	4	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	ADJ
eltls-55845	146	5	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	146	6	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	146	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	146	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	146	9	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	146	10	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	146	11	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	146	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	147	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	147	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	5	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	147	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	147	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	147	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	147	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	147	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	147	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	147	13	24	24	NUM
eltls-55845	147	14	median	median	ADJ
eltls-55845	147	15	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	16	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	147	17	filled	fill	VERB
eltls-55845	147	18	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	19	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	20	nfp	nfp	INTJ
eltls-55845	147	21	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	22	shows	show	VERB
eltls-55845	147	23	an	an	DET
eltls-55845	147	24	inverse	inverse	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	25	increase	increase	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	26	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	147	27	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	147	28	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	29	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	147	30	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	147	31	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	33	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	147	34	greater	great	ADJ
eltls-55845	147	35	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	36	variability	variability	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	37	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	38	suggesting	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	147	39	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	147	40	some	some	DET
eltls-55845	147	41	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	42	still	still	ADV
eltls-55845	147	43	rely	rely	VERB
eltls-55845	147	44	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	147	45	filler	filler	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	46	words	word	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	47	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	48	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
eltls-55845	147	49	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	50	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	51	uh	uh	INTJ
eltls-55845	147	52	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	53	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	54	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	55	um	um	INTJ
eltls-55845	147	56	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	57	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	147	58	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	147	59	others	other	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	60	have	have	AUX
eltls-55845	147	61	reduced	reduce	VERB
eltls-55845	147	62	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	147	63	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-55845	147	64	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	148	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	148	2	variability	variability	NOUN
eltls-55845	148	3	underscores	underscore	VERB
eltls-55845	148	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	148	5	individual	individual	ADJ
eltls-55845	148	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	148	7	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-55845	148	8	nature	nature	NOUN
eltls-55845	148	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	148	10	filled	fill	VERB
eltls-55845	148	11	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	148	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	149	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	149	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	149	3	final	final	ADJ
eltls-55845	149	4	two	two	NUM
eltls-55845	149	5	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	6	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	149	8	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	149	9	median	median	ADJ
eltls-55845	149	10	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	149	12	repetitions	repetition	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	13	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	149	14	np	np	X
eltls-55845	149	15	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	149	16	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	149	17	decreased	decrease	VERB
eltls-55845	149	18	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	149	19	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	149	20	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	149	22	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	149	23	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	149	25	indicating	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	149	26	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	149	27	reduction	reduction	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	28	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	149	29	self	self	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	30	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	149	31	corrections	correction	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	149	33	although	although	SCONJ
eltls-55845	149	34	outliers	outlier	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	35	suggest	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	149	36	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	149	37	some	some	DET
eltls-55845	149	38	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	39	still	still	ADV
eltls-55845	149	40	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
eltls-55845	149	41	high	high	ADJ
eltls-55845	149	42	levels	level	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	43	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	149	44	repetition	repetition	NOUN
eltls-55845	149	45	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	150	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	150	2	median	median	ADJ
eltls-55845	150	3	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	150	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	150	5	corrections	correction	NOUN
eltls-55845	150	6	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	150	7	nc	nc	NOUN
eltls-55845	150	8	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	150	9	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	150	10	slightly	slightly	ADV
eltls-55845	150	11	higher	high	ADJ
eltls-55845	150	12	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	150	13	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	150	14	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	150	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	150	16	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	150	17	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	150	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	150	19	implying	imply	VERB
eltls-55845	150	20	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	150	21	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	150	22	may	may	AUX
eltls-55845	150	23	still	still	ADV
eltls-55845	150	24	be	be	AUX
eltls-55845	150	25	correcting	correct	VERB
eltls-55845	150	26	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	150	27	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	150	28	output	output	NOUN
eltls-55845	150	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	151	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	151	2	overall	overall	ADJ
eltls-55845	151	3	data	data	NOUN
eltls-55845	151	4	variability	variability	NOUN
eltls-55845	151	5	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	151	6	repairs	repair	NOUN
eltls-55845	151	7	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	151	8	considerable	considerable	ADJ
eltls-55845	151	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	151	10	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	151	11	some	some	DET
eltls-55845	151	12	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	151	13	reducing	reduce	VERB
eltls-55845	151	14	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	151	15	repair	repair	NOUN
eltls-55845	151	16	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	151	17	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	151	18	others	other	NOUN
eltls-55845	151	19	increase	increase	VERB
eltls-55845	151	20	it	it	PRON
eltls-55845	151	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	151	22	reflecting	reflect	VERB
eltls-55845	151	23	divergent	divergent	ADJ
eltls-55845	151	24	individual	individual	ADJ
eltls-55845	151	25	progress	progress	NOUN
eltls-55845	151	26	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	151	27	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	151	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	152	1	5	5	X
eltls-55845	152	2	.	.	X
eltls-55845	152	3	discussion	discussion	NOUN
eltls-55845	152	4	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	152	5	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	152	6	investigates	investigate	VERB
eltls-55845	152	7	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	152	8	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-55845	152	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	152	10	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	152	11	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	152	12	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	152	13	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	152	14	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	152	15	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	152	16	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	152	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	152	18	development	development	NOUN
eltls-55845	152	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	152	20	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	152	21	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	152	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	153	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	153	2	analyzing	analyze	VERB
eltls-55845	153	3	six	six	NUM
eltls-55845	153	4	core	core	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	5	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	6	–	–	PUNCT
eltls-55845	153	7	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	8	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	153	10	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	153	12	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	153	13	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	153	15	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	16	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	153	17	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	153	18	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	153	20	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	153	22	vocalized	vocalized	ADJ
eltls-55845	153	23	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	153	25	repetitions	repetition	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	153	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	153	28	self	self	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	29	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	153	30	repairs	repair	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	31	–	–	PUNCT
eltls-55845	153	32	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	153	33	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	34	examines	examine	VERB
eltls-55845	153	35	changes	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	36	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	153	37	participants	participant	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	38	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-55845	153	39	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	153	40	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	41	before	before	ADP
eltls-55845	153	42	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	153	43	after	after	ADP
eltls-55845	153	44	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	153	45	experiment	experiment	NOUN
eltls-55845	153	46	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	154	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	154	2	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-55845	154	3	align	align	VERB
eltls-55845	154	4	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	154	5	part	part	NOUN
eltls-55845	154	6	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	154	7	previous	previous	ADJ
eltls-55845	154	8	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	154	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	154	10	reaffirming	reaffirm	VERB
eltls-55845	154	11	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	154	12	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	154	13	chunk	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	154	14	instruction	instruction	NOUN
eltls-55845	154	15	contributes	contribute	VERB
eltls-55845	154	16	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	154	17	improved	improve	VERB
eltls-55845	154	18	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	154	19	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	154	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	155	1	however	however	ADV
eltls-55845	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	155	3	distinct	distinct	ADJ
eltls-55845	155	4	developmental	developmental	ADJ
eltls-55845	155	5	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-55845	155	6	emerged	emerge	VERB
eltls-55845	155	7	across	across	ADP
eltls-55845	155	8	all	all	DET
eltls-55845	155	9	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	155	10	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	155	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	156	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	156	2	following	follow	VERB
eltls-55845	156	3	section	section	NOUN
eltls-55845	156	4	presents	present	VERB
eltls-55845	156	5	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	156	6	detailed	detailed	ADJ
eltls-55845	156	7	discussion	discussion	NOUN
eltls-55845	156	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	156	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	156	10	results	result	NOUN
eltls-55845	156	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	156	12	along	along	ADP
eltls-55845	156	13	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	156	14	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
eltls-55845	156	15	implications	implication	NOUN
eltls-55845	156	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	156	17	directions	direction	NOUN
eltls-55845	156	18	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	156	19	future	future	ADJ
eltls-55845	156	20	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	156	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	157	1	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	157	2	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	157	3	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	157	4	widely	widely	ADV
eltls-55845	157	5	regarded	regard	VERB
eltls-55845	157	6	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	157	7	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	157	8	key	key	ADJ
eltls-55845	157	9	measure	measure	NOUN
eltls-55845	157	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	157	11	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	157	12	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	157	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	158	1	statistical	statistical	ADJ
eltls-55845	158	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-55845	158	3	indicates	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	158	4	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	158	5	slight	slight	ADJ
eltls-55845	158	6	overall	overall	ADJ
eltls-55845	158	7	increase	increase	NOUN
eltls-55845	158	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	158	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	158	10	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	158	11	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	158	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	158	13	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	158	14	participants	participant	NOUN
eltls-55845	158	15	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	158	16	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	158	17	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	158	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	158	19	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	158	20	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	158	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	158	22	though	though	SCONJ
eltls-55845	158	23	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	158	24	change	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	158	25	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	158	26	not	not	PART
eltls-55845	158	27	statistically	statistically	ADV
eltls-55845	158	28	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	158	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	159	1	however	however	ADV
eltls-55845	159	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	159	3	box	box	PROPN
eltls-55845	159	4	plot	plot	NOUN
eltls-55845	159	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-55845	159	6	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-55845	159	7	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	159	8	relatively	relatively	ADV
eltls-55845	159	9	concentrated	concentrated	ADJ
eltls-55845	159	10	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-55845	159	11	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	159	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	159	13	suggesting	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	159	14	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	159	15	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	159	16	some	some	DET
eltls-55845	159	17	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	159	18	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-55845	159	19	substantial	substantial	ADJ
eltls-55845	159	20	improvement	improvement	NOUN
eltls-55845	159	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	159	22	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	159	23	overall	overall	ADJ
eltls-55845	159	24	effect	effect	NOUN
eltls-55845	159	25	remained	remain	VERB
eltls-55845	159	26	modest	modest	ADJ
eltls-55845	159	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	160	1	follow	follow	VERB
eltls-55845	160	2	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	160	3	up	up	ADP
eltls-55845	160	4	interviews	interview	NOUN
eltls-55845	160	5	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	160	6	participants	participant	NOUN
eltls-55845	160	7	who	who	PRON
eltls-55845	160	8	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
eltls-55845	160	9	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	160	10	gains	gain	NOUN
eltls-55845	160	11	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	160	12	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	160	13	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	160	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	160	15	as	as	ADV
eltls-55845	160	16	well	well	ADV
eltls-55845	160	17	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	160	18	those	those	PRON
eltls-55845	160	19	who	who	PRON
eltls-55845	160	20	showed	show	VERB
eltls-55845	160	21	little	little	ADJ
eltls-55845	160	22	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	160	23	no	no	DET
eltls-55845	160	24	change	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	160	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	160	26	revealed	reveal	VERB
eltls-55845	160	27	several	several	ADJ
eltls-55845	160	28	potential	potential	ADJ
eltls-55845	160	29	explanations	explanation	NOUN
eltls-55845	160	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	161	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	161	2	relatively	relatively	ADV
eltls-55845	161	3	short	short	ADJ
eltls-55845	161	4	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	161	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	161	6	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	161	7	experimental	experimental	ADJ
eltls-55845	161	8	period	period	NOUN
eltls-55845	161	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	161	10	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	161	11	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	161	12	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-55845	161	13	initially	initially	ADV
eltls-55845	161	14	low	low	ADJ
eltls-55845	161	15	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	161	16	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
eltls-55845	161	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	161	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	161	19	limited	limit	VERB
eltls-55845	161	20	after	after	ADP
eltls-55845	161	21	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	161	22	class	class	NOUN
eltls-55845	161	23	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	161	24	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	161	25	identified	identify	VERB
eltls-55845	161	26	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	161	27	possible	possible	ADJ
eltls-55845	161	28	factors	factor	NOUN
eltls-55845	161	29	contributing	contribute	VERB
eltls-55845	161	30	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	161	31	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	161	32	minimal	minimal	ADJ
eltls-55845	161	33	overall	overall	ADJ
eltls-55845	161	34	improvement	improvement	NOUN
eltls-55845	161	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	162	1	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	162	2	enhance	enhance	VERB
eltls-55845	162	3	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	162	4	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	162	5	development	development	NOUN
eltls-55845	162	6	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	162	7	future	future	ADJ
eltls-55845	162	8	instructional	instructional	ADJ
eltls-55845	162	9	settings	setting	NOUN
eltls-55845	162	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	162	11	it	it	PRON
eltls-55845	162	12	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	162	13	recommended	recommend	VERB
eltls-55845	162	14	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	162	15	educators	educator	NOUN
eltls-55845	162	16	implement	implement	VERB
eltls-55845	162	17	interactive	interactive	ADJ
eltls-55845	162	18	incentive	incentive	NOUN
eltls-55845	162	19	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-55845	162	20	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	162	21	encourage	encourage	VERB
eltls-55845	162	22	active	active	ADJ
eltls-55845	162	23	participation	participation	NOUN
eltls-55845	162	24	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	162	25	authentic	authentic	ADJ
eltls-55845	162	26	conversational	conversational	ADJ
eltls-55845	162	27	activities	activity	NOUN
eltls-55845	162	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	162	29	shadowing	shadow	VERB
eltls-55845	162	30	exercises	exercise	NOUN
eltls-55845	162	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	163	1	such	such	ADJ
eltls-55845	163	2	practices	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	163	3	can	can	AUX
eltls-55845	163	4	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
eltls-55845	163	5	faster	fast	ADJ
eltls-55845	163	6	retrieval	retrieval	NOUN
eltls-55845	163	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	163	8	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	163	9	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	163	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	163	11	promote	promote	VERB
eltls-55845	163	12	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	163	13	more	more	ADV
eltls-55845	163	14	natural	natural	ADJ
eltls-55845	163	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	163	16	continuous	continuous	ADJ
eltls-55845	163	17	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	163	18	flow	flow	NOUN
eltls-55845	163	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	164	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	164	2	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	164	3	examined	examine	VERB
eltls-55845	164	4	five	five	NUM
eltls-55845	164	5	disfluency	disfluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	164	6	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	164	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	164	8	nsp	nsp	PROPN
eltls-55845	164	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	164	10	mlp	mlp	PROPN
eltls-55845	164	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	164	12	nfp	nfp	PROPN
eltls-55845	164	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	164	14	nr	nr	PROPN
eltls-55845	164	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	164	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	164	17	nc	nc	PROPN
eltls-55845	164	18	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	165	1	among	among	ADP
eltls-55845	165	2	these	these	PRON
eltls-55845	165	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	165	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	165	5	most	most	ADV
eltls-55845	165	6	notable	notable	ADJ
eltls-55845	165	7	change	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	165	8	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	165	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	165	10	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	165	11	reduction	reduction	NOUN
eltls-55845	165	12	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	165	13	mlp	mlp	PROPN
eltls-55845	165	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	165	15	p	p	X
eltls-55845	165	16	<	<	X
eltls-55845	165	17	0.05	0.05	NUM
eltls-55845	165	18	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	165	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	165	20	suggesting	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	165	21	increased	increase	VERB
eltls-55845	165	22	student	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	165	23	confidence	confidence	NOUN
eltls-55845	165	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	165	25	reduced	reduce	VERB
eltls-55845	165	26	hesitation	hesitation	NOUN
eltls-55845	165	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	165	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	165	29	more	more	ADJ
eltls-55845	165	30	fluid	fluid	ADJ
eltls-55845	165	31	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	165	32	production	production	NOUN
eltls-55845	165	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	166	1	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	166	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	166	3	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	166	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	166	5	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	166	6	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	166	7	also	also	ADV
eltls-55845	166	8	declined	decline	VERB
eltls-55845	166	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	166	10	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	166	11	change	change	NOUN
eltls-55845	166	12	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	166	13	not	not	PART
eltls-55845	166	14	statistically	statistically	ADV
eltls-55845	166	15	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	166	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	166	17	indicating	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	166	18	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	166	19	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	166	20	initially	initially	ADV
eltls-55845	166	21	addressed	address	VERB
eltls-55845	166	22	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	166	23	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	166	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	166	25	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	166	26	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-55845	166	27	than	than	ADP
eltls-55845	166	28	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	166	29	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	166	30	during	during	ADP
eltls-55845	166	31	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	166	32	short	short	ADJ
eltls-55845	166	33	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	166	34	term	term	NOUN
eltls-55845	166	35	intervention	intervention	NOUN
eltls-55845	166	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	167	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	167	2	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-55845	167	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	167	4	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	167	5	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	167	6	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	167	7	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
eltls-55845	167	8	faster	fast	ADJ
eltls-55845	167	9	retrieval	retrieval	NOUN
eltls-55845	167	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	167	11	pre	pre	ADJ
eltls-55845	167	12	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	167	13	stored	stored	ADJ
eltls-55845	167	14	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	167	15	from	from	ADP
eltls-55845	167	16	long	long	ADJ
eltls-55845	167	17	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	167	18	term	term	NOUN
eltls-55845	167	19	memory	memory	NOUN
eltls-55845	167	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	167	21	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-55845	167	22	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-55845	167	23	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	167	24	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	167	25	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	167	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	167	27	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	167	28	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	167	29	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	167	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	168	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	168	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	168	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	168	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	168	5	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	168	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	168	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	168	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	168	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	168	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	168	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	168	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	168	13	25	25	NUM
eltls-55845	168	14	reducing	reduce	VERB
eltls-55845	168	15	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-55845	168	16	load	load	NOUN
eltls-55845	168	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	168	18	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-55845	168	19	shortening	shorten	VERB
eltls-55845	168	20	long	long	ADJ
eltls-55845	168	21	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	168	22	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	168	23	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	168	24	i.e.	i.e.	X
eltls-55845	168	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	168	26	pauses	pause	VERB
eltls-55845	168	27	exceeding	exceed	VERB
eltls-55845	168	28	1.000	1.000	NUM
eltls-55845	168	29	seconds	second	NOUN
eltls-55845	168	30	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	168	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	169	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	169	3	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	4	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-55845	169	5	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	169	6	test	test	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	7	transcripts	transcript	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	8	indicates	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	169	9	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	169	10	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	169	11	most	most	ADV
eltls-55845	169	12	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-55845	169	13	employed	employ	VERB
eltls-55845	169	14	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	169	15	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	16	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	169	17	stem	stem	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	18	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	19	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	169	20	i.e.	i.e.	X
eltls-55845	169	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	169	22	core	core	ADJ
eltls-55845	169	23	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-55845	169	24	components	component	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	169	26	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	27	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	169	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	169	29	which	which	PRON
eltls-55845	169	30	played	play	VERB
eltls-55845	169	31	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	169	32	crucial	crucial	ADJ
eltls-55845	169	33	role	role	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	34	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	169	35	improving	improve	VERB
eltls-55845	169	36	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	37	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	169	38	linking	link	VERB
eltls-55845	169	39	ideas	idea	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	40	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	169	41	reducing	reduce	VERB
eltls-55845	169	42	long	long	ADJ
eltls-55845	169	43	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	169	44	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	170	1	however	however	ADV
eltls-55845	170	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	170	3	due	due	ADP
eltls-55845	170	4	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	170	5	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	170	6	limited	limited	ADJ
eltls-55845	170	7	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	170	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	170	9	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	170	10	intervention	intervention	NOUN
eltls-55845	170	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	170	12	no	no	DET
eltls-55845	170	13	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	170	14	improvement	improvement	NOUN
eltls-55845	170	15	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	170	16	observed	observe	VERB
eltls-55845	170	17	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	170	18	shorter	short	ADJ
eltls-55845	170	19	silent	silent	ADJ
eltls-55845	170	20	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	170	21	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	170	22	0.250	0.250	NUM
eltls-55845	170	23	<	<	X
eltls-55845	170	24	mlp	mlp	NOUN
eltls-55845	170	25	<	<	X
eltls-55845	170	26	1.000	1.000	NUM
eltls-55845	170	27	seconds	second	NOUN
eltls-55845	170	28	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	170	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	171	1	future	future	ADJ
eltls-55845	171	2	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	171	3	should	should	AUX
eltls-55845	171	4	encourage	encourage	VERB
eltls-55845	171	5	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	171	6	accumulation	accumulation	NOUN
eltls-55845	171	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	171	8	predicate	predicate	NOUN
eltls-55845	171	9	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	171	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	171	11	rheme	rheme	NOUN
eltls-55845	171	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	171	13	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	171	14	further	far	ADV
eltls-55845	171	15	reduce	reduce	VERB
eltls-55845	171	16	both	both	DET
eltls-55845	171	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	171	18	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	171	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	171	20	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	171	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	171	22	intra	intra	ADJ
eltls-55845	171	23	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	171	24	sentential	sentential	ADJ
eltls-55845	171	25	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	171	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	172	1	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	172	2	regard	regard	NOUN
eltls-55845	172	3	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	172	4	vocalized	vocalized	ADJ
eltls-55845	172	5	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	172	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	172	7	prior	prior	ADJ
eltls-55845	172	8	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	172	9	has	have	AUX
eltls-55845	172	10	established	establish	VERB
eltls-55845	172	11	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	172	12	these	these	DET
eltls-55845	172	13	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	172	14	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	172	15	common	common	ADJ
eltls-55845	172	16	even	even	ADV
eltls-55845	172	17	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	172	18	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	172	19	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	172	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	172	21	native	native	ADJ
eltls-55845	172	22	speakers	speaker	NOUN
eltls-55845	172	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	172	24	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	172	25	influenced	influence	VERB
eltls-55845	172	26	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	172	27	individual	individual	ADJ
eltls-55845	172	28	differences	difference	NOUN
eltls-55845	172	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	173	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	173	2	results	result	NOUN
eltls-55845	173	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	173	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	173	5	present	present	ADJ
eltls-55845	173	6	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	173	7	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	173	8	consistent	consistent	ADJ
eltls-55845	173	9	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	173	10	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	173	11	finding	finding	NOUN
eltls-55845	173	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	173	13	suggesting	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	173	14	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	173	15	vocalized	vocalized	ADJ
eltls-55845	173	16	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	173	17	may	may	AUX
eltls-55845	173	18	not	not	PART
eltls-55845	173	19	serve	serve	VERB
eltls-55845	173	20	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	173	21	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	173	22	definitive	definitive	ADJ
eltls-55845	173	23	measure	measure	NOUN
eltls-55845	173	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	173	25	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	173	26	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	173	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	173	28	should	should	AUX
eltls-55845	173	29	be	be	AUX
eltls-55845	173	30	considered	consider	VERB
eltls-55845	173	31	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	173	32	caution	caution	NOUN
eltls-55845	173	33	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	173	34	future	future	ADJ
eltls-55845	173	35	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	173	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	174	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	174	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	174	3	remaining	remain	VERB
eltls-55845	174	4	two	two	NUM
eltls-55845	174	5	disfluency	disfluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	174	6	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	174	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	174	8	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	174	9	number	number	NOUN
eltls-55845	174	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	174	11	repetitions	repetition	NOUN
eltls-55845	174	12	decreased	decrease	VERB
eltls-55845	174	13	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-55845	174	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	174	15	indicating	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	174	16	smoother	smooth	ADJ
eltls-55845	174	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	174	18	more	more	ADV
eltls-55845	174	19	confident	confident	ADJ
eltls-55845	174	20	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	174	21	production	production	NOUN
eltls-55845	174	22	among	among	ADP
eltls-55845	174	23	participants	participant	NOUN
eltls-55845	174	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	175	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
eltls-55845	175	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	175	3	self	self	NOUN
eltls-55845	175	4	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	175	5	repairs	repair	NOUN
eltls-55845	175	6	showed	show	VERB
eltls-55845	175	7	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	175	8	slight	slight	ADJ
eltls-55845	175	9	increase	increase	NOUN
eltls-55845	175	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	175	11	suggesting	suggest	VERB
eltls-55845	175	12	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	175	13	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	175	14	chunk	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	175	15	instruction	instruction	NOUN
eltls-55845	175	16	may	may	AUX
eltls-55845	175	17	contribute	contribute	VERB
eltls-55845	175	18	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	175	19	reduced	reduce	VERB
eltls-55845	175	20	hesitation	hesitation	NOUN
eltls-55845	175	21	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	175	22	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	175	23	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	175	24	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
eltls-55845	175	25	prompting	prompt	VERB
eltls-55845	175	26	greater	great	ADJ
eltls-55845	175	27	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-55845	175	28	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	175	29	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-55845	175	30	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
eltls-55845	175	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	176	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	176	2	observation	observation	NOUN
eltls-55845	176	3	implies	imply	VERB
eltls-55845	176	4	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	176	5	some	some	DET
eltls-55845	176	6	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	176	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	176	8	having	having	AUX
eltls-55845	176	9	become	become	VERB
eltls-55845	176	10	more	more	ADV
eltls-55845	176	11	aware	aware	ADJ
eltls-55845	176	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	176	13	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
eltls-55845	176	14	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	176	15	chunk	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	176	16	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-55845	176	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	176	18	were	be	AUX
eltls-55845	176	19	able	able	ADJ
eltls-55845	176	20	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	176	21	self	self	NOUN
eltls-55845	176	22	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	176	23	monitor	monitor	NOUN
eltls-55845	176	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	176	25	correct	correct	ADJ
eltls-55845	176	26	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	176	27	errors	error	NOUN
eltls-55845	176	28	during	during	ADP
eltls-55845	176	29	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	176	30	production	production	NOUN
eltls-55845	176	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	177	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	177	2	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-55845	177	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	177	4	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	177	5	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	177	6	provide	provide	VERB
eltls-55845	177	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
eltls-55845	177	8	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	177	9	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	177	10	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	177	11	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	177	12	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	177	13	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	177	14	contributes	contribute	VERB
eltls-55845	177	15	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	177	16	improvements	improvement	NOUN
eltls-55845	177	17	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	177	18	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	177	19	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	177	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	178	1	however	however	ADV
eltls-55845	178	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	178	3	several	several	ADJ
eltls-55845	178	4	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
eltls-55845	178	5	can	can	AUX
eltls-55845	178	6	be	be	AUX
eltls-55845	178	7	made	make	VERB
eltls-55845	178	8	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	178	9	future	future	ADJ
eltls-55845	178	10	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	178	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	179	1	first	first	ADV
eltls-55845	179	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	179	3	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	179	4	16	16	NUM
eltls-55845	179	5	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	179	6	week	week	NOUN
eltls-55845	179	7	experimental	experimental	ADJ
eltls-55845	179	8	period	period	NOUN
eltls-55845	179	9	was	be	AUX
eltls-55845	179	10	relatively	relatively	ADV
eltls-55845	179	11	short	short	ADJ
eltls-55845	179	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	179	13	making	make	VERB
eltls-55845	179	14	it	it	PRON
eltls-55845	179	15	difficult	difficult	ADJ
eltls-55845	179	16	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	179	17	observe	observe	VERB
eltls-55845	179	18	long	long	ADJ
eltls-55845	179	19	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	179	20	term	term	NOUN
eltls-55845	179	21	developmental	developmental	ADJ
eltls-55845	179	22	trends	trend	NOUN
eltls-55845	179	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	180	1	future	future	ADJ
eltls-55845	180	2	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
eltls-55845	180	3	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	180	4	spanning	span	VERB
eltls-55845	180	5	one	one	NUM
eltls-55845	180	6	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	180	7	two	two	NUM
eltls-55845	180	8	years	year	NOUN
eltls-55845	180	9	are	be	AUX
eltls-55845	180	10	recommended	recommend	VERB
eltls-55845	180	11	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	180	12	track	track	VERB
eltls-55845	180	13	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	180	14	sustained	sustain	VERB
eltls-55845	180	15	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-55845	180	16	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	180	17	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	180	18	chunk	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	180	19	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	180	20	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	180	21	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	180	22	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	180	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	181	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
eltls-55845	181	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	181	3	expanding	expand	VERB
eltls-55845	181	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	181	5	scope	scope	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	181	7	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	181	8	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	9	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	181	10	include	include	VERB
eltls-55845	181	11	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	181	12	greater	great	ADJ
eltls-55845	181	13	variety	variety	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	181	15	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	181	16	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	17	genres	genre	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	18	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-55845	181	19	such	such	ADJ
eltls-55845	181	20	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	181	21	interview	interview	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	22	programs	program	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	181	24	debates	debate	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	25	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-55845	181	26	may	may	AUX
eltls-55845	181	27	enhance	enhance	VERB
eltls-55845	181	28	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	29	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-55845	181	30	exposure	exposure	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	31	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	181	32	diverse	diverse	ADJ
eltls-55845	181	33	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	181	34	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	35	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	181	36	improve	improve	VERB
eltls-55845	181	37	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	181	38	ability	ability	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	39	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	181	40	use	use	VERB
eltls-55845	181	41	them	they	PRON
eltls-55845	181	42	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	181	43	spontaneous	spontaneous	ADJ
eltls-55845	181	44	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	181	45	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	182	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
eltls-55845	182	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	182	3	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
eltls-55845	182	4	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
eltls-55845	182	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	6	approaches	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	182	8	including	include	VERB
eltls-55845	182	9	role	role	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	10	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	182	11	playing	playing	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	182	13	debates	debate	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	182	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	182	16	public	public	ADJ
eltls-55845	182	17	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	182	18	activities	activity	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	182	20	can	can	AUX
eltls-55845	182	21	foster	foster	VERB
eltls-55845	182	22	greater	great	ADJ
eltls-55845	182	23	student	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	24	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	182	26	enhance	enhance	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	27	engagement	engagement	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	182	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	182	30	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
eltls-55845	182	31	both	both	CCONJ
eltls-55845	182	32	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	182	33	retention	retention	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	34	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	182	35	application	application	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	36	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	182	37	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	182	38	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	182	39	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	182	40	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	183	1	6	6	X
eltls-55845	183	2	.	.	X
eltls-55845	183	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
eltls-55845	183	4	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	183	5	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	183	6	investigated	investigate	VERB
eltls-55845	183	7	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	183	8	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	183	9	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	183	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	183	11	40	40	NUM
eltls-55845	183	12	university	university	NOUN
eltls-55845	183	13	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	183	14	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	183	15	western	western	ADJ
eltls-55845	183	16	china	china	PROPN
eltls-55845	183	17	at	at	ADP
eltls-55845	183	18	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	183	19	beginning	beginning	NOUN
eltls-55845	183	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	183	21	end	end	NOUN
eltls-55845	183	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	183	23	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	183	24	semester	semester	NOUN
eltls-55845	183	25	using	use	VERB
eltls-55845	183	26	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	183	27	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	183	28	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	183	29	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	183	30	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	183	31	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	183	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	184	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	184	2	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-55845	184	3	offer	offer	VERB
eltls-55845	184	4	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-55845	184	5	insights	insight	NOUN
eltls-55845	184	6	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	184	7	future	future	ADJ
eltls-55845	184	8	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
eltls-55845	184	9	approaches	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	184	10	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	184	11	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	184	12	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	184	13	instruction	instruction	NOUN
eltls-55845	184	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	185	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	185	2	results	result	NOUN
eltls-55845	185	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
eltls-55845	185	4	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	185	5	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	185	6	effectively	effectively	ADV
eltls-55845	185	7	reduces	reduce	VERB
eltls-55845	185	8	long	long	ADJ
eltls-55845	185	9	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	185	10	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	185	11	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	185	12	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	185	13	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	185	14	expression	expression	NOUN
eltls-55845	185	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	185	16	enhances	enhance	VERB
eltls-55845	185	17	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	185	18	smoothness	smoothness	NOUN
eltls-55845	185	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	185	20	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	185	21	organization	organization	NOUN
eltls-55845	185	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	186	1	however	however	ADV
eltls-55845	186	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	186	3	its	its	PRON
eltls-55845	186	4	short	short	ADJ
eltls-55845	186	5	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	186	6	term	term	NOUN
eltls-55845	186	7	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-55845	186	8	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	186	9	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	186	10	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	186	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	186	12	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	186	13	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-55845	186	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	186	15	short	short	ADJ
eltls-55845	186	16	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	186	17	remains	remain	VERB
eltls-55845	186	18	limited	limited	ADJ
eltls-55845	186	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	187	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
eltls-55845	187	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	187	3	future	future	ADJ
eltls-55845	187	4	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
eltls-55845	187	5	approaches	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	6	should	should	AUX
eltls-55845	187	7	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
eltls-55845	187	8	long	long	ADJ
eltls-55845	187	9	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	187	10	term	term	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	11	training	training	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	12	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	187	13	increase	increase	VERB
eltls-55845	187	14	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	15	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	187	16	exposure	exposure	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	17	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	187	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	187	19	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	187	21	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	187	22	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	187	24	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-55845	187	25	stimulating	stimulate	VERB
eltls-55845	187	26	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	187	27	expressive	expressive	ADJ
eltls-55845	187	28	interest	interest	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	29	through	through	ADP
eltls-55845	187	30	diversified	diversified	ADJ
eltls-55845	187	31	oral	oral	ADJ
eltls-55845	187	32	tasks	task	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	33	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	187	34	such	such	ADJ
eltls-55845	187	35	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	187	36	role	role	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	37	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	187	38	playing	playing	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	39	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	187	40	debates	debate	NOUN
eltls-55845	187	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	188	1	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	188	2	notable	notable	ADJ
eltls-55845	188	3	limitation	limitation	NOUN
eltls-55845	188	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	188	5	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	188	6	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	188	7	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	188	8	its	its	PRON
eltls-55845	188	9	short	short	ADJ
eltls-55845	188	10	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	ADJ
eltls-55845	188	11	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	188	12	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	188	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	188	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	188	15	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	188	16	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	188	17	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	188	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	189	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	189	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	189	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	189	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	189	5	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	189	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	189	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	189	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	189	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	189	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	189	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	189	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	189	13	26	26	NUM
eltls-55845	189	14	duration	duration	NOUN
eltls-55845	189	15	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-55845	189	16	future	future	ADJ
eltls-55845	189	17	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	189	18	should	should	AUX
eltls-55845	189	19	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
eltls-55845	189	20	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
eltls-55845	189	21	tracking	tracking	NOUN
eltls-55845	189	22	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	189	23	observe	observe	VERB
eltls-55845	189	24	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	189	25	sustained	sustained	ADJ
eltls-55845	189	26	development	development	NOUN
eltls-55845	189	27	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	189	28	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	189	29	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	189	30	over	over	ADP
eltls-55845	189	31	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	189	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	190	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
eltls-55845	190	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	190	3	compiling	compile	VERB
eltls-55845	190	4	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	190	5	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	190	6	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	190	7	expressions	expression	NOUN
eltls-55845	190	8	into	into	ADP
eltls-55845	190	9	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	190	10	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	190	11	could	could	AUX
eltls-55845	190	12	provide	provide	VERB
eltls-55845	190	13	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	190	14	valuable	valuable	ADJ
eltls-55845	190	15	resource	resource	NOUN
eltls-55845	190	16	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	190	17	self	self	NOUN
eltls-55845	190	18	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	190	19	review	review	NOUN
eltls-55845	190	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	190	21	enabling	enable	VERB
eltls-55845	190	22	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	190	23	to	to	PART
eltls-55845	190	24	access	access	VERB
eltls-55845	190	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	190	26	reflect	reflect	VERB
eltls-55845	190	27	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	190	28	their	their	PRON
eltls-55845	190	29	performance	performance	NOUN
eltls-55845	190	30	anytime	anytime	ADV
eltls-55845	190	31	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	190	32	anywhere	anywhere	ADV
eltls-55845	190	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	191	1	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	191	2	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	191	3	would	would	AUX
eltls-55845	191	4	foster	foster	VERB
eltls-55845	191	5	greater	great	ADJ
eltls-55845	191	6	student	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	191	7	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-55845	191	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	191	9	promote	promote	VERB
eltls-55845	191	10	independent	independent	ADJ
eltls-55845	191	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	191	12	lifelong	lifelong	ADJ
eltls-55845	191	13	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	191	14	practices	practice	NOUN
eltls-55845	191	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	192	1	references	reference	NOUN
eltls-55845	192	2	altenberg	altenberg	PROPN
eltls-55845	192	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	192	4	b.	b.	PROPN
eltls-55845	192	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	192	6	1998	1998	NUM
eltls-55845	192	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	192	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	193	1	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	193	2	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	193	3	phraseology	phraseology	NOUN
eltls-55845	193	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	193	5	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-55845	193	6	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	193	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	193	8	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	193	9	evidence	evidence	NOUN
eltls-55845	193	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	193	11	recurrent	recurrent	ADJ
eltls-55845	193	12	word	word	NOUN
eltls-55845	193	13	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	193	14	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-55845	193	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	194	1	phraseology	phraseology	NOUN
eltls-55845	194	2	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	195	1	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-55845	195	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	195	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-55845	195	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	195	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	195	6	application	application	NOUN
eltls-55845	195	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	196	1	new	new	PROPN
eltls-55845	196	2	york	york	PROPN
eltls-55845	196	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	196	4	oxford	oxford	PROPN
eltls-55845	196	5	university	university	PROPN
eltls-55845	196	6	press	press	NOUN
eltls-55845	196	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	197	1	https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198294252.003.0005	https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198294252.003.0005	NOUN
eltls-55845	197	2	boers	boer	NOUN
eltls-55845	197	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	197	4	f.	f.	PROPN
eltls-55845	197	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	197	6	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-55845	197	7	lindstromberg	lindstromberg	PROPN
eltls-55845	197	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	197	9	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-55845	197	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	197	11	2011	2011	NUM
eltls-55845	197	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	197	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	198	1	optimizing	optimize	VERB
eltls-55845	198	2	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	198	3	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	198	4	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	198	5	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	198	6	instructed	instruct	VERB
eltls-55845	198	7	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	198	8	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	198	9	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
eltls-55845	198	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	199	1	palgerave	palgerave	PROPN
eltls-55845	199	2	macmillan	macmillan	PROPN
eltls-55845	199	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	200	1	bosker	bosker	PROPN
eltls-55845	200	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	200	3	h.	h.	PROPN
eltls-55845	200	4	r.	r.	PROPN
eltls-55845	200	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	200	6	2013	2013	NUM
eltls-55845	200	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	200	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	201	1	what	what	PRON
eltls-55845	201	2	makes	make	VERB
eltls-55845	201	3	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	201	4	sound	sound	NOUN
eltls-55845	201	5	fluent	fluent	ADJ
eltls-55845	201	6	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-55845	202	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	202	2	contributions	contribution	NOUN
eltls-55845	202	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	202	4	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	202	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	202	6	speed	speed	NOUN
eltls-55845	202	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	202	8	repairs	repair	NOUN
eltls-55845	202	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	203	1	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	203	2	testing	testing	NOUN
eltls-55845	203	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	203	4	30(2	30(2	NUM
eltls-55845	203	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	203	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	203	7	159	159	NUM
eltls-55845	203	8	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	203	9	175	175	NUM
eltls-55845	203	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	204	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/0265532212455394	https://doi.org/10.1177/0265532212455394	PROPN
eltls-55845	204	2	cenoz	cenoz	PROPN
eltls-55845	204	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	204	4	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-55845	204	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	204	6	1998	1998	NUM
eltls-55845	204	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	204	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	205	1	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	205	2	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	205	3	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-55845	205	4	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-55845	205	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	205	6	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	205	7	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	205	8	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	205	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	206	1	reports	report	NOUN
eltls-55845	206	2	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	206	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	207	1	cucchiarini	cucchiarini	PROPN
eltls-55845	207	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	207	3	c.	c.	PROPN
eltls-55845	207	4	et	et	PROPN
eltls-55845	207	5	al	al	PROPN
eltls-55845	207	6	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	207	7	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	207	8	2002	2002	NUM
eltls-55845	207	9	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	207	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	208	1	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
eltls-55845	208	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
eltls-55845	208	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	208	4	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	208	5	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	208	6	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	208	7	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	208	8	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	208	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	208	10	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
eltls-55845	208	11	between	between	ADP
eltls-55845	208	12	read	read	NOUN
eltls-55845	208	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	208	14	spontaneous	spontaneous	ADJ
eltls-55845	208	15	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	208	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	209	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	209	2	journal	journal	NOUN
eltls-55845	209	3	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	209	4	acoustical	acoustical	ADJ
eltls-55845	209	5	society	society	NOUN
eltls-55845	209	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	209	7	america	america	PROPN
eltls-55845	209	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	209	9	111(6	111(6	NUM
eltls-55845	209	10	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	209	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	209	12	2862	2862	NUM
eltls-55845	209	13	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	209	14	2873	2873	NUM
eltls-55845	209	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	210	1	https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1471894	https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1471894	PROPN
eltls-55845	210	2	de	de	PROPN
eltls-55845	210	3	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-55845	210	4	n.	n.	PROPN
eltls-55845	210	5	et	et	PROPN
eltls-55845	210	6	al	al	PROPN
eltls-55845	210	7	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	210	8	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	210	9	2013	2013	NUM
eltls-55845	210	10	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	210	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	211	1	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	211	2	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	211	3	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	211	4	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	211	5	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	211	6	style	style	NOUN
eltls-55845	211	7	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-55845	211	8	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
eltls-55845	211	9	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-55845	212	1	correcting	correct	VERB
eltls-55845	212	2	measures	measure	NOUN
eltls-55845	212	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	212	4	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	212	5	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	212	6	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	212	7	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	212	8	first	first	ADJ
eltls-55845	212	9	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	212	10	behavior	behavior	NOUN
eltls-55845	212	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	213	1	applied	apply	VERB
eltls-55845	213	2	psycholinguistics	psycholinguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	213	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	213	4	36(2	36(2	NUM
eltls-55845	213	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	213	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	213	7	223	223	NUM
eltls-55845	213	8	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	213	9	243	243	NUM
eltls-55845	213	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	214	1	https://doi.org/10.1017/s0142716413000210	https://doi.org/10.1017/s0142716413000210	PROPN
eltls-55845	214	2	derwing	derwe	VERB
eltls-55845	214	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	214	4	t.	t.	PROPN
eltls-55845	214	5	m.	m.	NOUN
eltls-55845	214	6	et	et	PROPN
eltls-55845	214	7	al	al	PROPN
eltls-55845	214	8	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	214	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	214	10	2004	2004	NUM
eltls-55845	214	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	214	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	215	1	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	215	2	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	215	3	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	215	4	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	215	5	judgement	judgement	NOUN
eltls-55845	215	6	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	215	7	different	different	ADJ
eltls-55845	215	8	tasks	task	NOUN
eltls-55845	215	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	216	1	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	216	2	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-55845	216	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	216	4	54(4	54(4	NUM
eltls-55845	216	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	216	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	216	7	655	655	NUM
eltls-55845	216	8	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	216	9	679	679	NUM
eltls-55845	216	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	217	1	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2004.00282.x	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2004.00282.x	PROPN
eltls-55845	217	2	kormos	kormos	PROPN
eltls-55845	217	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	217	4	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-55845	217	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	217	6	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-55845	217	7	dénes	déne	NOUN
eltls-55845	217	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	218	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	218	2	2004	2004	NUM
eltls-55845	218	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	218	4	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	219	1	mariann	mariann	PROPN
eltls-55845	219	2	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	219	3	exploring	explore	VERB
eltls-55845	219	4	measures	measure	NOUN
eltls-55845	219	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	219	6	perceptions	perception	NOUN
eltls-55845	219	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	219	8	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	219	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	219	10	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	219	11	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	219	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	219	13	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	219	14	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	219	15	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	219	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	220	1	system	system	NOUN
eltls-55845	220	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	220	3	32(2	32(2	NUM
eltls-55845	220	4	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	220	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	220	6	145	145	NUM
eltls-55845	220	7	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	220	8	164	164	NUM
eltls-55845	220	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	221	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2004.01.001	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2004.01.001	NUM
eltls-55845	221	2	leedham	leedham	PROPN
eltls-55845	221	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	221	4	m.	m.	NOUN
eltls-55845	221	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	221	6	2012	2012	NUM
eltls-55845	221	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	221	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	222	1	combining	combine	VERB
eltls-55845	222	2	intuition	intuition	NOUN
eltls-55845	222	3	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	222	4	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	222	5	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-55845	222	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-55845	222	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	222	8	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	222	9	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	222	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	222	11	marked	mark	VERB
eltls-55845	222	12	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	222	13	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	222	14	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	222	15	four	four	NUM
eltls-55845	222	16	chinses	chinse	NOUN
eltls-55845	222	17	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	222	18	’	’	PART
eltls-55845	222	19	undergraduate	undergraduate	NOUN
eltls-55845	222	20	assignments	assignment	NOUN
eltls-55845	222	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	223	1	nordic	nordic	ADJ
eltls-55845	223	2	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-55845	223	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	223	4	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	223	5	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	223	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	223	7	11(3	11(3	NUM
eltls-55845	223	8	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	223	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	223	10	155	155	NUM
eltls-55845	223	11	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	223	12	187	187	NUM
eltls-55845	223	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	224	1	https://doi.org/10.35360/njes.269	https://doi.org/10.35360/njes.269	PROPN
eltls-55845	224	2	pawley	pawley	PROPN
eltls-55845	224	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	224	4	a.	a.	PROPN
eltls-55845	224	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	224	6	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-55845	224	7	syder	syder	PROPN
eltls-55845	224	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	224	9	f.	f.	PROPN
eltls-55845	224	10	h.	h.	PROPN
eltls-55845	224	11	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	224	12	1983	1983	NUM
eltls-55845	224	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	224	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	225	1	two	two	NUM
eltls-55845	225	2	puzzels	puzzel	NOUN
eltls-55845	225	3	for	for	ADP
eltls-55845	225	4	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-55845	225	5	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-55845	225	6	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	225	7	nativelike	nativelike	ADJ
eltls-55845	225	8	selection	selection	NOUN
eltls-55845	225	9	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	225	10	nativelike	nativelike	ADJ
eltls-55845	225	11	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	225	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	226	1	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	226	2	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	226	3	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-55845	226	4	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	227	1	london	london	PROPN
eltls-55845	227	2	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	227	3	longman	longman	NOUN
eltls-55845	227	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	227	5	191	191	NUM
eltls-55845	227	6	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	227	7	225	225	NUM
eltls-55845	227	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	228	1	riggenbach	riggenbach	NOUN
eltls-55845	228	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	228	3	h.	h.	PROPN
eltls-55845	228	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	228	5	1991	1991	NUM
eltls-55845	228	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	228	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	229	1	toward	toward	ADP
eltls-55845	229	2	an	an	DET
eltls-55845	229	3	understanding	understanding	NOUN
eltls-55845	229	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	229	5	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	229	6	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	229	7	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	229	8	microanalysis	microanalysis	NOUN
eltls-55845	229	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	229	10	nonnative	nonnative	ADJ
eltls-55845	229	11	speaker	speaker	NOUN
eltls-55845	229	12	conversations	conversation	NOUN
eltls-55845	229	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	230	1	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-55845	230	2	process	process	NOUN
eltls-55845	230	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	230	4	14(4	14(4	NUM
eltls-55845	230	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	230	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	230	7	423	423	NUM
eltls-55845	230	8	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	230	9	441	441	NUM
eltls-55845	230	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	231	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/01638539109544795	https://doi.org/10.1080/01638539109544795	NUM
eltls-55845	231	2	schmitt	schmitt	NOUN
eltls-55845	231	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	231	4	n.	n.	NOUN
eltls-55845	231	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	231	6	2000	2000	NUM
eltls-55845	231	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	231	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	232	1	key	key	ADJ
eltls-55845	232	2	concepts	concept	NOUN
eltls-55845	232	3	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	232	4	elt	elt	PROPN
eltls-55845	232	5	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	233	1	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	233	2	language	language	PROPN
eltls-55845	233	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	233	4	journal	journal	NOUN
eltls-55845	233	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	233	6	54(4	54(4	NUM
eltls-55845	233	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	233	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	233	9	400	400	NUM
eltls-55845	233	10	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	233	11	401	401	NUM
eltls-55845	233	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	234	1	https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/54.4.400	https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/54.4.400	PROPN
eltls-55845	234	2	segalowitz	segalowitz	PROPN
eltls-55845	234	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	234	4	n.	n.	PROPN
eltls-55845	234	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	234	6	2010	2010	NUM
eltls-55845	234	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	234	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	235	1	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-55845	235	2	bases	basis	NOUN
eltls-55845	235	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	235	4	second	second	ADJ
eltls-55845	235	5	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	235	6	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	235	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	236	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
eltls-55845	236	2	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	237	1	https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203851357	https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203851357	NOUN
eltls-55845	238	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-55845	238	2	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	238	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	238	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	238	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	238	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	238	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	238	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-55845	238	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	239	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-55845	239	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	239	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-55845	239	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	239	5	3	3	NUM
eltls-55845	239	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	239	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-55845	239	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-55845	239	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-55845	239	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-55845	239	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-55845	239	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	239	13	27	27	NUM
eltls-55845	239	14	sinclair	sinclair	NOUN
eltls-55845	239	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	239	16	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-55845	239	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	239	18	1991	1991	NUM
eltls-55845	239	19	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	239	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	240	1	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	240	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	240	3	concordance	concordance	NOUN
eltls-55845	240	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	240	5	collocation	collocation	NOUN
eltls-55845	240	6	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	241	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
eltls-55845	241	2	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	241	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
eltls-55845	241	4	university	university	PROPN
eltls-55845	241	5	press	press	NOUN
eltls-55845	241	6	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	242	1	siyanova⁃chanturia	siyanova⁃chanturia	NOUN
eltls-55845	242	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	242	3	a.	a.	NOUN
eltls-55845	242	4	k.	k.	PROPN
eltls-55845	242	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	242	6	2011	2011	NUM
eltls-55845	242	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	242	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	243	1	conklin	conklin	PROPN
eltls-55845	243	2	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-55845	243	3	w.	w.	PROPN
eltls-55845	243	4	van	van	PROPN
eltls-55845	243	5	heuven	heuven	PROPN
eltls-55845	243	6	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	244	1	seeing	see	VERB
eltls-55845	244	2	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	244	3	phrase	phrase	NOUN
eltls-55845	244	4	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	244	5	time	time	NOUN
eltls-55845	244	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	244	7	again	again	ADV
eltls-55845	244	8	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	244	9	matters	matter	NOUN
eltls-55845	244	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	245	1	journal	journal	NOUN
eltls-55845	245	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	245	3	experimental	experimental	ADJ
eltls-55845	245	4	psychology	psychology	NOUN
eltls-55845	245	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	245	6	37(3	37(3	NUM
eltls-55845	245	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	245	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	245	9	776	776	NUM
eltls-55845	245	10	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	245	11	784	784	NUM
eltls-55845	245	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	246	1	https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022531	https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022531	NUM
eltls-55845	246	2	towell	towell	NOUN
eltls-55845	246	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	246	4	r.	r.	PROPN
eltls-55845	246	5	et	et	PROPN
eltls-55845	246	6	al	al	PROPN
eltls-55845	246	7	.	.	PROPN
eltls-55845	246	8	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	246	9	1996	1996	NUM
eltls-55845	246	10	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	246	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	247	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	247	2	development	development	NOUN
eltls-55845	247	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	247	4	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	247	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	247	6	advanced	advanced	ADJ
eltls-55845	247	7	learners	learner	NOUN
eltls-55845	247	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	247	9	french	french	ADJ
eltls-55845	247	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	248	1	applied	apply	VERB
eltls-55845	248	2	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-55845	248	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	248	4	17(1	17(1	NUM
eltls-55845	248	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	248	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	248	7	84	84	NUM
eltls-55845	248	8	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	248	9	119	119	NUM
eltls-55845	248	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	249	1	https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/17.1.84	https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/17.1.84	PROPN
eltls-55845	249	2	wang	wang	PROPN
eltls-55845	249	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	249	4	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-55845	249	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	249	6	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-55845	249	7	wang	wang	PROPN
eltls-55845	249	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	249	9	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-55845	249	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	249	11	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-55845	249	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	249	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	250	1	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	250	2	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	250	3	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	250	4	improvement	improvement	NOUN
eltls-55845	250	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	250	6	college	college	NOUN
eltls-55845	250	7	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	250	8	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	250	9	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	250	10	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	250	11	ability	ability	NOUN
eltls-55845	250	12	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	250	13	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	250	14	utalk	utalk	ADJ
eltls-55845	250	15	audio	audio	ADJ
eltls-55845	250	16	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	250	17	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-55845	250	18	training	training	NOUN
eltls-55845	250	19	platform	platform	NOUN
eltls-55845	250	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	251	1	china	china	PROPN
eltls-55845	251	2	science	science	PROPN
eltls-55845	251	3	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	251	4	technology	technology	NOUN
eltls-55845	251	5	economic	economic	ADJ
eltls-55845	251	6	news	news	NOUN
eltls-55845	251	7	database	database	NOUN
eltls-55845	251	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	251	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	251	10	6	6	NUM
eltls-55845	251	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	251	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	251	13	32	32	NUM
eltls-55845	251	14	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	251	15	35	35	NUM
eltls-55845	251	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	252	1	wang	wang	PROPN
eltls-55845	252	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	252	3	l.	l.	PROPN
eltls-55845	252	4	f.	f.	PROPN
eltls-55845	252	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	252	6	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-55845	252	7	chen	chen	PROPN
eltls-55845	252	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	252	9	x.	x.	PROPN
eltls-55845	252	10	l.	l.	PROPN
eltls-55845	252	11	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	252	12	2009	2009	NUM
eltls-55845	252	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	252	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	253	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	253	2	progress	progress	NOUN
eltls-55845	253	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	253	4	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	253	5	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	253	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	253	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	253	8	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	253	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	253	10	china	china	PROPN
eltls-55845	253	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	254	1	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-55845	254	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	254	3	foreign	foreign	ADJ
eltls-55845	254	4	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	254	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	254	6	32(6	32(6	NUM
eltls-55845	254	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	254	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	254	9	90	90	NUM
eltls-55845	254	10	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	254	11	94	94	NUM
eltls-55845	254	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	255	1	wang	wang	PROPN
eltls-55845	255	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	255	3	l.	l.	PROPN
eltls-55845	255	4	f.	f.	PROPN
eltls-55845	255	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	255	6	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-55845	255	7	qian	qian	PROPN
eltls-55845	255	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	255	9	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-55845	255	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	255	11	2009	2009	NUM
eltls-55845	255	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	255	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	256	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	256	2	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-55845	256	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	256	4	collocations	collocation	NOUN
eltls-55845	256	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	256	6	chinese	chinese	ADJ
eltls-55845	256	7	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	256	8	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	256	9	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	256	10	speeches	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	256	11	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	256	12	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	256	13	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	256	14	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	256	15	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	256	16	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	256	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	257	1	journal	journal	NOUN
eltls-55845	257	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	257	3	foreign	foreign	ADJ
eltls-55845	257	4	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	257	5	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	257	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	257	7	147(2	147(2	NUM
eltls-55845	257	8	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	257	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	257	10	115	115	NUM
eltls-55845	257	11	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	257	12	120	120	NUM
eltls-55845	257	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	258	1	wang	wang	PROPN
eltls-55845	258	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	258	3	z.	z.	PROPN
eltls-55845	258	4	x.	x.	PROPN
eltls-55845	258	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	258	6	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-55845	258	7	li	li	PROPN
eltls-55845	258	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	258	9	x.	x.	PROPN
eltls-55845	258	10	d.	d.	PROPN
eltls-55845	258	11	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	258	12	2005	2005	NUM
eltls-55845	258	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	258	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	259	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	259	2	application	application	NOUN
eltls-55845	259	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	259	4	topic	topic	NOUN
eltls-55845	259	5	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	259	6	comment	comment	NOUN
eltls-55845	259	7	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-55845	259	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	259	9	interpreting	interpret	VERB
eltls-55845	259	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	259	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	260	1	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-55845	260	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	260	3	jilin	jilin	PROPN
eltls-55845	260	4	huaqiao	huaqiao	PROPN
eltls-55845	260	5	foreign	foreign	PROPN
eltls-55845	260	6	languages	languages	PROPN
eltls-55845	260	7	institute	institute	NOUN
eltls-55845	260	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	260	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	260	10	1	1	NUM
eltls-55845	260	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	260	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	260	13	25	25	NUM
eltls-55845	260	14	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	260	15	27	27	NUM
eltls-55845	260	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	261	1	wei	wei	PROPN
eltls-55845	261	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	261	3	n.	n.	PROPN
eltls-55845	261	4	x.	x.	PROPN
eltls-55845	261	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	261	6	2007	2007	NUM
eltls-55845	261	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	261	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	262	1	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	262	2	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	262	3	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	262	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	262	5	phraseological	phraseological	ADJ
eltls-55845	262	6	features	feature	NOUN
eltls-55845	262	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	262	8	chinese	chinese	ADJ
eltls-55845	262	9	students	student	NOUN
eltls-55845	262	10	'	'	PART
eltls-55845	262	11	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	262	12	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	262	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	263	1	modern	modern	ADJ
eltls-55845	263	2	foreign	foreign	ADJ
eltls-55845	263	3	languages	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	263	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	263	5	30(3	30(3	NUM
eltls-55845	263	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	263	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	263	8	280	280	NUM
eltls-55845	263	9	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	263	10	291	291	NUM
eltls-55845	263	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	264	1	xiao	xiao	PROPN
eltls-55845	264	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	264	3	w.	w.	PROPN
eltls-55845	264	4	y.	y.	PROPN
eltls-55845	264	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	264	6	2011	2011	NUM
eltls-55845	264	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	264	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	265	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-55845	265	2	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	265	3	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	265	4	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	265	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	265	6	model	model	NOUN
eltls-55845	265	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	265	8	writing	write	VERB
eltls-55845	265	9	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	265	10	enhancing	enhance	VERB
eltls-55845	265	11	speaking	speaking	NOUN
eltls-55845	265	12	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	265	13	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	265	14	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	265	15	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	265	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	266	1	foreign	foreign	ADJ
eltls-55845	266	2	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	266	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	266	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	266	5	32(5	32(5	NOUN
eltls-55845	266	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	266	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	266	8	52	52	NUM
eltls-55845	266	9	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	266	10	55	55	NUM
eltls-55845	266	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	267	1	yu	yu	PROPN
eltls-55845	267	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	267	3	x.	x.	PROPN
eltls-55845	267	4	l.	l.	PROPN
eltls-55845	267	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	267	6	2008	2008	NUM
eltls-55845	267	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	267	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	268	1	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	268	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
eltls-55845	268	3	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	268	4	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	268	5	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	268	6	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	268	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	268	8	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	268	9	improvement	improvement	NOUN
eltls-55845	268	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	268	11	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	268	12	practical	practical	ADJ
eltls-55845	268	13	application	application	NOUN
eltls-55845	268	14	ability	ability	NOUN
eltls-55845	268	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	269	1	foreign	foreign	ADJ
eltls-55845	269	2	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	269	3	world	world	NOUN
eltls-55845	269	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	269	5	126(3	126(3	NUM
eltls-55845	269	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	269	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	269	8	54	54	NUM
eltls-55845	269	9	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	269	10	61	61	NUM
eltls-55845	269	11	zheng	zheng	PROPN
eltls-55845	269	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	269	13	z.	z.	PROPN
eltls-55845	269	14	m.	m.	PROPN
eltls-55845	269	15	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	269	16	2015	2015	NUM
eltls-55845	269	17	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	269	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	270	1	an	an	DET
eltls-55845	270	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-55845	270	3	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	270	4	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	270	5	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	270	6	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	270	7	listening	listen	VERB
eltls-55845	270	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	270	9	promoted	promote	VERB
eltls-55845	270	10	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-55845	270	11	"	"	PUNCT
eltls-55845	270	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-55845	270	13	model	model	NOUN
eltls-55845	270	14	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	270	15	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	270	16	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	270	17	chunks	chunk	NOUN
eltls-55845	270	18	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	270	19	college	college	NOUN
eltls-55845	270	20	english	english	PROPN
eltls-55845	270	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	271	1	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-55845	271	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	271	3	chongqing	chongqing	PROPN
eltls-55845	271	4	jiaotong	jiaotong	PROPN
eltls-55845	271	5	university	university	PROPN
eltls-55845	271	6	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-55845	271	7	social	social	ADJ
eltls-55845	271	8	science	science	NOUN
eltls-55845	271	9	edition	edition	PROPN
eltls-55845	271	10	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	271	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	271	12	15(5	15(5	NUM
eltls-55845	271	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-55845	271	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	271	15	140	140	NUM
eltls-55845	271	16	-	-	SYM
eltls-55845	271	17	144	144	NUM
eltls-55845	271	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	272	1	original	original	ADJ
eltls-55845	272	2	paper	paper	NOUN
eltls-55845	272	3	an	an	DET
eltls-55845	272	4	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-55845	272	5	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	272	6	on	on	ADP
eltls-55845	272	7	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	272	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	272	9	based	base	VERB
eltls-55845	272	10	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	272	11	approac	approac	NOUN
eltls-55845	272	12	xian	xian	NOUN
eltls-55845	272	13	shao1	shao1	PUNCT
eltls-55845	273	1	abstract	abstract	ADJ
eltls-55845	273	2	keywords	keyword	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	3	1	1	NUM
eltls-55845	273	4	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	273	5	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	6	background	background	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	7	2.1	2.1	NUM
eltls-55845	273	8	lexical	lexical	ADJ
eltls-55845	273	9	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	10	in	in	ADP
eltls-55845	273	11	language	language	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	12	teaching	teach	VERB
eltls-55845	273	13	3.1	3.1	NUM
eltls-55845	273	14	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	15	purpose	purpose	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	16	3.2	3.2	NUM
eltls-55845	273	17	participants	participant	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	18	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	273	19	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	20	involved	involve	VERB
eltls-55845	273	21	intact	intact	ADJ
eltls-55845	273	22	first	first	ADJ
eltls-55845	273	23	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	273	24	year	year	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	25	non	non	ADJ
eltls-55845	273	26	-	-	ADJ
eltls-55845	273	27	english	english	ADJ
eltls-55845	273	28	m	m	VERB
eltls-55845	273	29	3.3	3.3	NUM
eltls-55845	273	30	experiment	experiment	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	31	design	design	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	32	3.4	3.4	NUM
eltls-55845	273	33	acoustic	acoustic	ADJ
eltls-55845	273	34	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	273	36	fluency	fluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	37	3.5	3.5	NUM
eltls-55845	273	38	experiment	experiment	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	39	procedure	procedure	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	40	4	4	NUM
eltls-55845	273	41	.	.	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	42	results	result	NOUN
eltls-55845	273	43	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-55845	273	44	finding	find	VERB
eltls-55845	273	45	5	5	NUM
eltls-55845	273	46	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	274	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	2	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	274	3	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	4	investigates	investigate	VERB
eltls-55845	274	5	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	274	6	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	274	8	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	274	9	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	10	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-55845	274	11	bas	bas	PROPN
eltls-55845	274	12	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	13	rate	rate	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	14	is	be	AUX
eltls-55845	274	15	widely	widely	ADV
eltls-55845	274	16	regarded	regard	VERB
eltls-55845	274	17	as	as	ADP
eltls-55845	274	18	a	a	DET
eltls-55845	274	19	key	key	ADJ
eltls-55845	274	20	measure	measure	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	274	22	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	274	23	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	24	examined	examine	VERB
eltls-55845	274	25	five	five	NUM
eltls-55845	274	26	disfluency	disfluency	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	27	indicators	indicator	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	28	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-55845	274	29	ns	ns	VERB
eltls-55845	274	30	with	with	ADP
eltls-55845	274	31	regard	regard	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	32	to	to	ADP
eltls-55845	274	33	vocalized	vocalized	ADJ
eltls-55845	274	34	pauses	pause	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	35	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-55845	274	36	prior	prior	ADJ
eltls-55845	274	37	research	research	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	38	ha	ha	INTJ
eltls-55845	274	39	the	the	DET
eltls-55845	274	40	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	41	of	of	ADP
eltls-55845	274	42	this	this	DET
eltls-55845	274	43	study	study	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	44	provide	provide	VERB
eltls-55845	274	45	evidence	evidence	NOUN
eltls-55845	274	46	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-55845	274	47	c	c	PROPN
eltls-55845	274	48	6	6	NUM
eltls-55845	274	49	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-55845	274	50	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN