id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
eltls-56623	1	1	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	1	2	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	1	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	1	5	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	1	6	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	1	7	issn	issn	VERB
eltls-56623	1	8	2640	2640	NUM
eltls-56623	1	9	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	1	10	9836	9836	NUM
eltls-56623	1	11	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	1	12	print	print	NOUN
eltls-56623	1	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	1	14	issn	issn	PROPN
eltls-56623	1	15	2640	2640	NUM
eltls-56623	1	16	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	1	17	9844	9844	NUM
eltls-56623	1	18	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	1	19	online	online	ADJ
eltls-56623	1	20	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	1	21	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	1	22	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	2	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	2	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	2	8	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-56623	2	9	130	130	NUM
eltls-56623	2	10	original	original	ADJ
eltls-56623	2	11	paper	paper	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	12	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	2	15	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	2	16	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	2	17	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	2	18	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	2	19	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	20	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	2	21	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	2	22	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	23	under	under	ADP
eltls-56623	2	24	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	2	25	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	2	26	semiotics	semiotic	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	27	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	2	28	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	29	fanying	fanye	VERB
eltls-56623	2	30	li1	li1	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	31	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	2	32	school	school	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	33	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	2	34	foreign	foreign	ADJ
eltls-56623	2	35	languages	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	36	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	37	xinjiang	xinjiang	PROPN
eltls-56623	2	38	university	university	PROPN
eltls-56623	2	39	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	40	xinjiang	xinjiang	PROPN
eltls-56623	2	41	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	42	china	china	PROPN
eltls-56623	2	43	received	receive	VERB
eltls-56623	2	44	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	45	august	august	PROPN
eltls-56623	2	46	28	28	NUM
eltls-56623	2	47	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	48	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	2	49	accepted	accept	VERB
eltls-56623	2	50	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	51	october	october	PROPN
eltls-56623	2	52	04	04	NUM
eltls-56623	2	53	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	54	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	2	55	online	online	ADV
eltls-56623	2	56	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	2	57	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	58	october	october	PROPN
eltls-56623	2	59	21	21	NUM
eltls-56623	2	60	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	61	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	2	62	doi:10.22158	doi:10.22158	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	63	/	/	SYM
eltls-56623	2	64	eltls.v7n5p130	eltls.v7n5p130	PROPN
eltls-56623	2	65	url	url	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	66	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	67	http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/eltls.v7n5p130	http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/eltls.v7n5p130	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	68	abstract	abstract	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	69	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	2	70	recent	recent	ADJ
eltls-56623	2	71	years	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	72	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	2	73	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	2	74	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	2	75	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	2	76	proliferated	proliferate	VERB
eltls-56623	2	77	rampantly	rampantly	ADV
eltls-56623	2	78	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	3	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	3	2	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	3	3	examines	examine	VERB
eltls-56623	3	4	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	3	5	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	3	6	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	3	7	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	3	8	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	3	9	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	3	10	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	3	11	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	3	12	x	x	NOUN
eltls-56623	3	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	3	14	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	3	15	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	3	16	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	3	17	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	3	18	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	3	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	3	20	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	3	21	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	3	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	3	23	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	3	24	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	3	25	semiotics	semiotic	NOUN
eltls-56623	3	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	3	27	aiming	aim	VERB
eltls-56623	3	28	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	3	29	deconstruct	deconstruct	VERB
eltls-56623	3	30	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	3	31	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	3	32	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	3	33	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	3	34	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	3	35	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	3	36	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	3	37	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	3	38	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	3	39	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
eltls-56623	3	40	level	level	NOUN
eltls-56623	3	41	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	3	42	reveal	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	3	43	underlying	underlie	VERB
eltls-56623	3	44	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	3	45	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	3	46	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	4	1	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-56623	4	2	reveal	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	4	3	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	4	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	4	5	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	4	6	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	4	7	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
eltls-56623	4	8	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	4	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	4	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	4	11	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	4	12	typical	typical	ADJ
eltls-56623	4	13	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	4	14	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-56623	4	15	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	4	16	emerged	emerge	VERB
eltls-56623	4	17	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	4	18	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	4	19	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	4	20	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	4	21	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	4	22	during	during	ADP
eltls-56623	4	23	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	4	24	period	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	4	25	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	4	26	emergency	emergency	NOUN
eltls-56623	4	27	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	4	28	initiated	initiate	VERB
eltls-56623	4	29	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	4	30	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	4	31	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	4	32	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	4	33	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	4	34	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	4	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	5	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	5	2	temporal	temporal	ADJ
eltls-56623	5	3	evolution	evolution	NOUN
eltls-56623	5	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	5	5	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	5	6	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	5	7	primarily	primarily	ADV
eltls-56623	5	8	manifested	manifest	VERB
eltls-56623	5	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	5	10	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	5	11	aspects	aspect	NOUN
eltls-56623	5	12	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	5	13	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	5	14	polarisation	polarisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	5	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	5	16	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	5	17	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	5	18	using	using	NOUN
eltls-56623	5	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	5	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	5	21	adoption	adoption	NOUN
eltls-56623	5	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	5	23	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	5	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	6	1	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	6	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	6	3	further	far	ADV
eltls-56623	6	4	identified	identify	VERB
eltls-56623	6	5	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	6	6	core	core	NOUN
eltls-56623	6	7	features	feature	NOUN
eltls-56623	6	8	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	6	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	6	10	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	6	11	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	6	12	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	6	13	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	6	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	6	15	violent	violent	ADJ
eltls-56623	6	16	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	6	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	7	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	7	2	temporal	temporal	ADJ
eltls-56623	7	3	trajectory	trajectory	NOUN
eltls-56623	7	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	7	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	7	6	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	7	7	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	7	8	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	7	9	complexification	complexification	NOUN
eltls-56623	7	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	7	11	defence	defence	NOUN
eltls-56623	7	12	forwarding	forwarding	NOUN
eltls-56623	7	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	8	1	pragmatically	pragmatically	ADV
eltls-56623	8	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	8	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	8	4	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	8	5	consistently	consistently	ADV
eltls-56623	8	6	employ	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	8	7	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	8	8	tactics	tactic	NOUN
eltls-56623	8	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	8	10	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	8	11	denigration	denigration	NOUN
eltls-56623	8	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	8	13	motivate	motivate	ADJ
eltls-56623	8	14	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	8	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	9	1	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
eltls-56623	9	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	9	3	indicates	indicate	VERB
eltls-56623	9	4	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	9	5	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	9	6	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	9	7	features	feature	NOUN
eltls-56623	9	8	evolve	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	9	9	over	over	ADP
eltls-56623	9	10	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	9	11	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	9	12	transitioning	transition	VERB
eltls-56623	9	13	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	9	14	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ
eltls-56623	9	15	opinion	opinion	NOUN
eltls-56623	9	16	commentary	commentary	NOUN
eltls-56623	9	17	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	9	18	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	9	19	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	9	20	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	9	21	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	9	22	meticulously	meticulously	ADV
eltls-56623	9	23	crafted	craft	VERB
eltls-56623	9	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	9	25	user	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	9	26	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	9	27	baiting	bait	VERB
eltls-56623	9	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	9	29	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	9	30	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	9	31	driven	drive	VERB
eltls-56623	9	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	10	1	keywords	keyword	VERB
eltls-56623	10	2	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	10	3	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	10	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	10	5	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	10	6	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	10	7	semiotics	semiotic	NOUN
eltls-56623	10	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	10	9	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	10	10	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	10	11	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	10	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	11	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
eltls-56623	11	2	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	11	3	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	11	4	refers	refer	VERB
eltls-56623	11	5	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	11	6	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	11	7	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	11	8	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	11	9	deliberately	deliberately	ADV
eltls-56623	11	10	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	11	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	11	12	distorted	distort	VERB
eltls-56623	11	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	11	14	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	11	15	taken	take	VERB
eltls-56623	11	16	out	out	ADP
eltls-56623	11	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	11	18	context	context	NOUN
eltls-56623	11	19	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	11	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	11	21	explicit	explicit	ADJ
eltls-56623	11	22	intent	intent	NOUN
eltls-56623	11	23	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	11	24	deceive	deceive	VERB
eltls-56623	11	25	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	11	26	mislead	mislead	VERB
eltls-56623	11	27	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	11	28	public	public	NOUN
eltls-56623	11	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	11	30	typically	typically	ADV
eltls-56623	11	31	disseminated	disseminate	VERB
eltls-56623	11	32	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	11	33	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	11	34	guise	guise	NOUN
eltls-56623	11	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	11	36	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
eltls-56623	11	37	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	11	38	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	11	39	allcott	allcott	PROPN
eltls-56623	11	40	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	11	41	gentzkow	gentzkow	PROPN
eltls-56623	11	42	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	11	43	2017	2017	NUM
eltls-56623	11	44	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	11	45	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	12	1	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	12	2	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	12	3	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	12	4	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	12	5	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-56623	12	6	graft	graft	NOUN
eltls-56623	12	7	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	12	8	claims	claim	NOUN
eltls-56623	12	9	onto	onto	ADP
eltls-56623	12	10	genuine	genuine	ADJ
eltls-56623	12	11	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	12	12	events	event	NOUN
eltls-56623	12	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	12	14	posing	pose	VERB
eltls-56623	12	15	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-56623	12	16	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	12	17	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	12	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	12	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	12	20	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	12	21	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	12	22	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	12	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	13	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	13	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	13	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	13	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	13	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	13	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	13	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	13	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	13	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	13	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	13	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	13	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	14	1	131	131	NUM
eltls-56623	14	2	potential	potential	ADJ
eltls-56623	14	3	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	14	4	impacts	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	14	5	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	14	6	societal	societal	ADJ
eltls-56623	14	7	trust	trust	NOUN
eltls-56623	14	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	14	9	democratic	democratic	ADJ
eltls-56623	14	10	quality	quality	NOUN
eltls-56623	14	11	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	14	12	exacerbating	exacerbate	VERB
eltls-56623	14	13	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	14	14	distrust	distrust	NOUN
eltls-56623	14	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	14	16	division	division	NOUN
eltls-56623	14	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	14	18	tucker	tucker	PROPN
eltls-56623	14	19	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	14	20	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	14	21	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	14	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	14	23	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	14	24	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	14	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	15	1	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	15	2	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	15	3	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	15	4	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-56623	15	5	similar	similar	ADJ
eltls-56623	15	6	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	15	7	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	15	8	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
eltls-56623	15	9	including	include	VERB
eltls-56623	15	10	electoral	electoral	ADJ
eltls-56623	15	11	interference	interference	NOUN
eltls-56623	15	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	15	13	foreign	foreign	ADJ
eltls-56623	15	14	policy	policy	NOUN
eltls-56623	15	15	disputes	dispute	NOUN
eltls-56623	15	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	15	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	15	18	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	15	19	crisis	crisis	NOUN
eltls-56623	15	20	responses	response	NOUN
eltls-56623	15	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	15	22	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	15	23	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	15	24	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	15	25	coding	code	VERB
eltls-56623	15	26	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	15	27	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-56623	15	28	cross	cross	ADJ
eltls-56623	15	29	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	15	30	cultural	cultural	ADJ
eltls-56623	15	31	stability	stability	NOUN
eltls-56623	15	32	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	15	33	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
eltls-56623	15	34	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	15	35	2019	2019	NUM
eltls-56623	15	36	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	15	37	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	16	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	16	2	recent	recent	ADJ
eltls-56623	16	3	years	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	16	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	16	5	rapid	rapid	ADJ
eltls-56623	16	6	technological	technological	ADJ
eltls-56623	16	7	advancement	advancement	NOUN
eltls-56623	16	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	16	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	16	10	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
eltls-56623	16	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	16	12	self	self	NOUN
eltls-56623	16	13	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	16	14	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	16	15	platforms	platform	NOUN
eltls-56623	16	16	have	have	AUX
eltls-56623	16	17	transformed	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	16	18	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	16	19	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	16	20	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	16	21	fertile	fertile	ADJ
eltls-56623	16	22	ground	ground	NOUN
eltls-56623	16	23	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	16	24	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	16	25	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	16	26	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	16	27	guess	guess	VERB
eltls-56623	16	28	et	et	NOUN
eltls-56623	16	29	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	16	30	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	16	31	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	16	32	2020	2020	NUM
eltls-56623	16	33	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	16	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	17	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	17	2	escalating	escalate	VERB
eltls-56623	17	3	output	output	NOUN
eltls-56623	17	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	17	5	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	17	6	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	17	7	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-56623	17	8	erodes	erode	VERB
eltls-56623	17	9	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	17	10	trust	trust	NOUN
eltls-56623	17	11	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	17	12	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	17	13	institutions	institution	NOUN
eltls-56623	17	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	17	15	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	17	16	indirectly	indirectly	ADV
eltls-56623	17	17	threatening	threaten	VERB
eltls-56623	17	18	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	17	19	stability	stability	NOUN
eltls-56623	17	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	18	1	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	18	2	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	18	3	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	18	4	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	18	5	poses	pose	VERB
eltls-56623	18	6	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	18	7	direct	direct	ADJ
eltls-56623	18	8	threat	threat	NOUN
eltls-56623	18	9	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	18	10	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	18	11	cognition	cognition	NOUN
eltls-56623	18	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	18	13	undermines	undermine	VERB
eltls-56623	18	14	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	18	15	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
eltls-56623	18	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	18	17	rendering	render	VERB
eltls-56623	18	18	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	18	19	particularly	particularly	ADV
eltls-56623	18	20	harmful	harmful	ADJ
eltls-56623	18	21	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	18	22	society	society	NOUN
eltls-56623	18	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	19	1	2	2	X
eltls-56623	19	2	.	.	X
eltls-56623	19	3	literature	literature	NOUN
eltls-56623	19	4	review	review	NOUN
eltls-56623	19	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	19	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	19	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	19	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	19	9	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	19	10	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	19	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	19	12	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	19	13	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	19	14	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	19	15	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-56623	19	16	offers	offer	VERB
eltls-56623	19	17	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	19	18	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-56623	19	19	perspective	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	19	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	19	21	analytical	analytical	ADJ
eltls-56623	19	22	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	19	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	20	1	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	20	2	application	application	NOUN
eltls-56623	20	3	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	20	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	20	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	20	6	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	20	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	20	8	barton	barton	PROPN
eltls-56623	20	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	20	10	1987	1987	NUM
eltls-56623	20	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	20	12	contends	contend	VERB
eltls-56623	20	13	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	20	14	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	20	15	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	20	16	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	20	17	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	20	18	model	model	NOUN
eltls-56623	20	19	enables	enable	VERB
eltls-56623	20	20	more	more	ADJ
eltls-56623	20	21	systematic	systematic	ADJ
eltls-56623	20	22	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	20	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	20	24	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
eltls-56623	20	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	20	26	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	20	27	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	20	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	20	29	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	20	30	providing	provide	VERB
eltls-56623	20	31	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	20	32	valuable	valuable	ADJ
eltls-56623	20	33	guidance	guidance	NOUN
eltls-56623	20	34	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	20	35	design	design	NOUN
eltls-56623	20	36	practice	practice	NOUN
eltls-56623	20	37	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	21	1	fan	fan	NOUN
eltls-56623	21	2	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	21	3	2006	2006	NUM
eltls-56623	21	4	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	21	5	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-56623	21	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	21	7	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	21	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	21	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	21	10	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	21	11	corpora	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	21	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	21	13	how	how	SCONJ
eltls-56623	21	14	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	21	15	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	21	16	model	model	NOUN
eltls-56623	21	17	can	can	AUX
eltls-56623	21	18	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	21	19	applied	apply	VERB
eltls-56623	21	20	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	21	21	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	21	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	21	23	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
eltls-56623	21	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	21	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	21	26	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	21	27	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	21	28	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	21	29	reveal	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	21	30	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	21	31	roles	role	NOUN
eltls-56623	21	32	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	21	33	meanings	meaning	NOUN
eltls-56623	21	34	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	21	35	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	21	36	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	21	37	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	21	38	elements	element	NOUN
eltls-56623	21	39	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	21	40	technical	technical	ADJ
eltls-56623	21	41	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	21	42	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	22	1	tatiana	tatiana	PROPN
eltls-56623	22	2	iskanderova	iskanderova	PROPN
eltls-56623	22	3	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	22	4	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	22	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	22	6	contrasted	contrast	VERB
eltls-56623	22	7	binary	binary	ADJ
eltls-56623	22	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	22	9	triadic	triadic	ADJ
eltls-56623	22	10	semiotics	semiotic	NOUN
eltls-56623	22	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	22	12	integrating	integrate	VERB
eltls-56623	22	13	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	22	14	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	22	15	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	22	16	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	22	17	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	22	18	decoding	decode	VERB
eltls-56623	22	19	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	22	20	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	22	21	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	22	22	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	22	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	23	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	23	2	combining	combine	VERB
eltls-56623	23	3	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	23	4	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-56623	23	5	foundations	foundation	NOUN
eltls-56623	23	6	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	23	7	case	case	NOUN
eltls-56623	23	8	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	23	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	23	10	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	23	11	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	23	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	23	13	she	she	PRON
eltls-56623	23	14	uncovered	uncover	VERB
eltls-56623	23	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	23	16	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	23	17	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	23	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	23	19	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	23	20	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	23	21	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	23	22	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	23	23	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	23	24	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	23	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	23	26	providing	provide	VERB
eltls-56623	23	27	robust	robust	ADJ
eltls-56623	23	28	reference	reference	NOUN
eltls-56623	23	29	points	point	NOUN
eltls-56623	23	30	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	23	31	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	23	32	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	23	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	24	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	24	2	interdisciplinary	interdisciplinary	ADJ
eltls-56623	24	3	integration	integration	NOUN
eltls-56623	24	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	24	5	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	24	6	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	24	7	semiotics	semiotic	NOUN
eltls-56623	24	8	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	24	9	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	24	10	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	24	11	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	24	12	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	24	13	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	24	14	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	24	15	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-56623	24	16	threefold	threefold	ADJ
eltls-56623	24	17	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-56623	24	18	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	24	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	25	1	firstly	firstly	ADV
eltls-56623	25	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	25	3	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	25	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	25	5	level	level	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	25	7	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-56623	25	8	rationality	rationality	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	25	10	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	25	11	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	25	12	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	25	13	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	14	field	field	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	25	16	semiotics	semiotic	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	25	18	syntax	syntax	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	19	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	25	20	semantics	semantic	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	21	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	25	22	pragmatics	pragmatic	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	23	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	25	24	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	25	25	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	25	26	intrinsic	intrinsic	ADJ
eltls-56623	25	27	alignment	alignment	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	28	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	25	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	25	30	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	25	31	generation	generation	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	32	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	33	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	25	34	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	25	35	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	25	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	26	2	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
eltls-56623	26	3	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	4	analyses	analyse	VERB
eltls-56623	26	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	26	6	combinatorial	combinatorial	ADJ
eltls-56623	26	7	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	26	9	textual/	textual/	NUM
eltls-56623	26	10	video	video	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	11	/	/	SYM
eltls-56623	26	12	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	13	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	15	fan	fan	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	17	2006	2006	NUM
eltls-56623	26	18	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	26	21	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	26	22	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	23	decodes	decode	VERB
eltls-56623	26	24	ideological	ideological	ADJ
eltls-56623	26	25	coding	coding	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	26	27	narrative	narrative	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	28	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	29	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	30	iskanderova	iskanderova	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	31	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	32	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	26	33	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	34	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	35	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	26	36	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	26	37	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	26	38	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	39	tracks	track	VERB
eltls-56623	26	40	audience	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	41	decoding	decode	VERB
eltls-56623	26	42	disparities	disparity	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	43	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	26	44	cascading	cascade	VERB
eltls-56623	26	45	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	26	46	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	26	47	effects	effect	NOUN
eltls-56623	26	48	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	49	vosoughi	vosoughi	PROPN
eltls-56623	26	50	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	26	51	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	26	52	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	26	53	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	54	2018	2018	NUM
eltls-56623	26	55	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	26	56	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	27	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	27	2	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	27	3	form	form	NOUN
eltls-56623	27	4	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	27	5	meaning	meaning	NOUN
eltls-56623	27	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	27	7	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	27	8	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	27	9	analytical	analytical	ADJ
eltls-56623	27	10	chain	chain	NOUN
eltls-56623	27	11	comprehensively	comprehensively	ADV
eltls-56623	27	12	covers	cover	VERB
eltls-56623	27	13	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	27	14	entire	entire	ADJ
eltls-56623	27	15	production	production	NOUN
eltls-56623	27	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	27	17	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	27	18	cycle	cycle	NOUN
eltls-56623	27	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	27	20	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	27	21	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	27	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	28	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
eltls-56623	28	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	28	3	methodological	methodological	ADJ
eltls-56623	28	4	feasibility	feasibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	28	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	28	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	28	7	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	28	8	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	28	9	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	28	10	undergone	undergo	VERB
eltls-56623	28	11	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-56623	28	12	validation	validation	NOUN
eltls-56623	28	13	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	28	14	domains	domain	NOUN
eltls-56623	28	15	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	28	16	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	28	17	technological	technological	ADJ
eltls-56623	28	18	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	28	19	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	28	20	bogdanović	bogdanović	NOUN
eltls-56623	28	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	28	22	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	28	23	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	28	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	28	25	cross	cross	ADJ
eltls-56623	28	26	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	28	27	cultural	cultural	ADJ
eltls-56623	28	28	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	28	29	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	28	30	zhou	zhou	NOUN
eltls-56623	28	31	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	28	32	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	28	33	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	28	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	1	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	29	2	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	3	tools	tool	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	4	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-56623	29	5	unique	unique	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	6	interpretative	interpretative	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	7	power	power	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	8	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	29	9	deconstructing	deconstruct	VERB
eltls-56623	29	10	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	12	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	29	13	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	14	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	15	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	16	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	17	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	29	18	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	19	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	20	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	21	liu	liu	PROPN
eltls-56623	29	22	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	29	23	zhu	zhu	PROPN
eltls-56623	29	24	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	29	25	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	29	27	metaphorical	metaphorical	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	28	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	29	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	30	yadav	yadav	PROPN
eltls-56623	29	31	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	29	32	gupta	gupta	PROPN
eltls-56623	29	33	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	34	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	29	35	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	36	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	37	offering	offer	VERB
eltls-56623	29	38	unique	unique	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	39	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	40	power	power	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	41	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	29	42	pioneering	pioneer	VERB
eltls-56623	29	43	analytical	analytical	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	44	pathways	pathway	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	45	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	29	46	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	29	47	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	48	human	human	ADJ
eltls-56623	29	49	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	50	machine	machine	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	51	collusion	collusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	52	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	53	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	54	xiong	xiong	PROPN
eltls-56623	29	55	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	56	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	29	57	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	29	58	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	59	model	model	NOUN
eltls-56623	29	60	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	30	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	30	2	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	30	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	30	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	30	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	30	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	30	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	30	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	30	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	31	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	31	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	31	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	31	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	31	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	31	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	31	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	31	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	31	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	31	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	31	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	31	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	32	1	132	132	NUM
eltls-56623	32	2	thirdly	thirdly	ADV
eltls-56623	32	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	32	4	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	32	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	32	6	level	level	NOUN
eltls-56623	32	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	32	8	practical	practical	ADJ
eltls-56623	32	9	necessity	necessity	NOUN
eltls-56623	32	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	32	11	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	32	12	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	32	13	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	32	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	32	15	digital	digital	ADJ
eltls-56623	32	16	age	age	NOUN
eltls-56623	32	17	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	32	18	evolved	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	32	19	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	32	20	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	32	21	systemic	systemic	ADJ
eltls-56623	32	22	discursive	discursive	ADJ
eltls-56623	32	23	weapon	weapon	NOUN
eltls-56623	32	24	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	32	25	wu	wu	PROPN
eltls-56623	32	26	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	32	27	li	li	PROPN
eltls-56623	32	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	32	29	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	32	30	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	32	31	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	32	32	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	32	33	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	32	34	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	32	35	operations	operation	NOUN
eltls-56623	32	36	deeply	deeply	ADV
eltls-56623	32	37	embedded	embed	VERB
eltls-56623	32	38	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	32	39	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	32	40	contexts	context	NOUN
eltls-56623	32	41	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	32	42	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	32	43	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	32	44	warfare	warfare	NOUN
eltls-56623	32	45	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	32	46	digital	digital	ADJ
eltls-56623	32	47	nationalism	nationalism	NOUN
eltls-56623	32	48	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	32	49	green	green	ADJ
eltls-56623	32	50	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	32	51	2021	2021	NUM
eltls-56623	32	52	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	32	53	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	33	1	only	only	ADV
eltls-56623	33	2	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	33	3	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	33	4	semiotics	semiotic	NOUN
eltls-56623	33	5	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	33	6	reveal	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	33	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	33	8	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	33	9	constructing	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	33	10	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	33	11	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	33	12	illusion	illusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	33	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	33	14	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	33	15	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
eltls-56623	33	16	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	33	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	33	18	wang	wang	PROPN
eltls-56623	33	19	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	33	20	wang	wang	PROPN
eltls-56623	33	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	33	22	2019	2019	NUM
eltls-56623	33	23	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	33	24	can	can	AUX
eltls-56623	33	25	we	we	PRON
eltls-56623	33	26	unravel	unravel	VERB
eltls-56623	33	27	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	33	28	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	33	29	dilemmas	dilemma	NOUN
eltls-56623	33	30	surrounding	surround	VERB
eltls-56623	33	31	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	33	32	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	33	33	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	33	34	post	post	ADJ
eltls-56623	33	35	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	33	36	truth	truth	ADJ
eltls-56623	33	37	era	era	NOUN
eltls-56623	33	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	34	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	34	2	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	34	3	adopt	adopt	VERB
eltls-56623	34	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	34	5	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	34	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	34	7	tatiana	tatiana	PROPN
eltls-56623	34	8	iskanderova	iskanderova	PROPN
eltls-56623	34	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	34	10	under	under	ADP
eltls-56623	34	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	34	12	perspective	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	34	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	34	14	charles	charles	PROPN
eltls-56623	34	15	william	william	PROPN
eltls-56623	34	16	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	34	17	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	34	18	semiotic	semiotic	PROPN
eltls-56623	34	19	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	34	20	examine	examine	VERB
eltls-56623	34	21	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	34	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	34	23	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	34	24	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	34	25	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	34	26	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	34	27	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	34	28	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	34	29	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	34	30	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	34	31	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	34	32	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	34	33	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	34	34	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	34	35	delving	delve	VERB
eltls-56623	34	36	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	34	37	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	34	38	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	34	39	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	34	40	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	34	41	features	feature	NOUN
eltls-56623	34	42	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	35	1	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	35	2	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	35	3	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	35	4	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	5	perspective	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	6	systematically	systematically	ADV
eltls-56623	35	7	deconstructs	deconstruct	VERB
eltls-56623	35	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	35	9	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	35	10	logic	logic	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	35	12	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	35	13	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	14	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	35	15	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
eltls-56623	35	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	17	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	35	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	35	19	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	35	20	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-56623	35	21	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	35	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	35	24	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	25	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	35	26	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	35	27	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	28	uncovers	uncover	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	35	30	ideological	ideological	ADJ
eltls-56623	35	31	coding	code	VERB
eltls-56623	35	32	behind	behind	ADP
eltls-56623	35	33	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	34	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	35	35	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	35	36	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	35	37	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	38	traces	trace	VERB
eltls-56623	35	39	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	35	40	causes	cause	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	41	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	35	42	intentions	intention	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	43	behind	behind	ADP
eltls-56623	35	44	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	35	45	production	production	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	46	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	35	47	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	35	48	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	35	49	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	35	50	vosoughi	vosoughi	PROPN
eltls-56623	35	51	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	35	52	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	35	53	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	35	54	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	35	55	2018	2018	NUM
eltls-56623	35	56	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	35	57	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	36	1	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	36	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	36	3	digital	digital	ADJ
eltls-56623	36	4	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	5	context	context	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	36	7	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	36	8	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	36	9	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	36	10	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	11	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	12	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	36	13	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	36	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	36	15	1938	1938	NUM
eltls-56623	36	16	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	36	17	can	can	AUX
eltls-56623	36	18	decode	decode	VERB
eltls-56623	36	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	36	20	combinatorial	combinatorial	ADJ
eltls-56623	36	21	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	36	23	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	36	24	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	36	25	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	36	26	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	36	28	reveal	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	36	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	36	30	relationship	relationship	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	31	between	between	ADP
eltls-56623	36	32	surface	surface	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	33	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	34	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	36	35	deep	deep	ADJ
eltls-56623	36	36	meaning	meaning	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	37	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	36	38	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	36	39	decipher	decipher	ADV
eltls-56623	36	40	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	36	41	intent	intent	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	42	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	36	43	purpose	purpose	NOUN
eltls-56623	36	44	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	37	1	3	3	X
eltls-56623	37	2	.	.	X
eltls-56623	37	3	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	37	4	design	design	NOUN
eltls-56623	37	5	3.1	3.1	NUM
eltls-56623	37	6	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	37	7	collection	collection	NOUN
eltls-56623	37	8	snopes	snope	NOUN
eltls-56623	37	9	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	37	10	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	37	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	37	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	37	13	longest	long	ADV
eltls-56623	37	14	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	37	15	standing	stand	VERB
eltls-56623	37	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	37	17	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	37	18	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-56623	37	19	cited	cite	VERB
eltls-56623	37	20	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	37	21	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	37	22	checking	check	VERB
eltls-56623	37	23	platforms	platform	NOUN
eltls-56623	37	24	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	37	25	existence	existence	NOUN
eltls-56623	37	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	38	1	beyond	beyond	ADP
eltls-56623	38	2	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	38	3	historical	historical	ADJ
eltls-56623	38	4	longevity	longevity	NOUN
eltls-56623	38	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	38	6	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
eltls-56623	38	7	methodology	methodology	NOUN
eltls-56623	38	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	38	9	snopes	snope	NOUN
eltls-56623	38	10	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	38	11	renowned	renowned	ADJ
eltls-56623	38	12	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	38	13	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	38	14	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	38	15	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	38	16	partisan	partisan	ADJ
eltls-56623	38	17	stance	stance	NOUN
eltls-56623	38	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	38	19	exceptional	exceptional	ADJ
eltls-56623	38	20	neutrality	neutrality	NOUN
eltls-56623	38	21	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	38	22	pennycook	pennycook	VERB
eltls-56623	38	23	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	38	24	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	38	25	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	38	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	38	27	2020	2020	NUM
eltls-56623	38	28	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	38	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	39	1	compared	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	39	2	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	39	3	other	other	ADJ
eltls-56623	39	4	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	39	5	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	39	6	checking	check	VERB
eltls-56623	39	7	websites	website	NOUN
eltls-56623	39	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	39	9	snopes	snope	NOUN
eltls-56623	39	10	distinguishes	distinguish	VERB
eltls-56623	39	11	itself	itself	PRON
eltls-56623	39	12	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	39	13	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	39	14	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
eltls-56623	39	15	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-56623	39	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	39	17	covering	cover	VERB
eltls-56623	39	18	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	39	19	wide	wide	ADJ
eltls-56623	39	20	array	array	NOUN
eltls-56623	39	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	39	22	verification	verification	NOUN
eltls-56623	39	23	categories	category	NOUN
eltls-56623	39	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	39	25	attracting	attract	VERB
eltls-56623	39	26	greater	great	ADJ
eltls-56623	39	27	user	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	39	28	engagement	engagement	NOUN
eltls-56623	39	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	40	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	40	2	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	40	3	employs	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	40	4	meticulous	meticulous	ADJ
eltls-56623	40	5	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
eltls-56623	40	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	40	7	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	40	8	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	40	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	40	10	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	40	11	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	40	12	precise	precise	ADJ
eltls-56623	40	13	rating	rating	NOUN
eltls-56623	40	14	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	40	15	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	40	16	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	40	17	verification	verification	NOUN
eltls-56623	40	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	41	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
eltls-56623	41	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	41	3	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	41	4	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	41	5	ifcn	ifcn	NOUN
eltls-56623	41	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	41	7	accredited	accredit	VERB
eltls-56623	41	8	five	five	NUM
eltls-56623	41	9	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	41	10	star	star	NOUN
eltls-56623	41	11	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	41	12	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	41	13	checking	check	VERB
eltls-56623	41	14	organisation	organisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	41	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	41	16	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	41	17	commands	command	VERB
eltls-56623	41	18	considerable	considerable	ADJ
eltls-56623	41	19	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	41	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	41	21	with	with	SCONJ
eltls-56623	41	22	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	41	23	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	41	24	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-56623	41	25	cited	cite	VERB
eltls-56623	41	26	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	41	27	academic	academic	ADJ
eltls-56623	41	28	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	41	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	41	30	consistently	consistently	ADV
eltls-56623	41	31	ranking	rank	VERB
eltls-56623	41	32	among	among	ADP
eltls-56623	41	33	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	41	34	industry	industry	NOUN
eltls-56623	41	35	leaders	leader	NOUN
eltls-56623	41	36	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	41	37	jiang	jiang	PROPN
eltls-56623	41	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	41	39	2021	2021	NUM
eltls-56623	41	40	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	41	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	1	setting	set	VERB
eltls-56623	42	2	aside	aside	ADP
eltls-56623	42	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	42	4	issue	issue	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	42	6	mixed	mixed	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	7	truthfulness	truthfulness	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	9	where	where	SCONJ
eltls-56623	42	10	some	some	DET
eltls-56623	42	11	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	12	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	13	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	42	14	part	part	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	15	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	16	real	real	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	42	18	part	part	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	19	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	20	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	22	entirely	entirely	ADV
eltls-56623	42	23	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	24	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	25	devoid	devoid	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	26	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	42	27	any	any	DET
eltls-56623	42	28	factual	factual	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	29	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	30	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	42	31	concerned	concern	VERB
eltls-56623	42	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	33	according	accord	VERB
eltls-56623	42	34	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	42	35	figure	figure	VERB
eltls-56623	42	36	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	42	37	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	38	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	39	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	42	40	snopes	snope	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	41	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	42	official	official	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	43	ratings	rating	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	44	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	42	45	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	46	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	42	47	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	48	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	49	technically	technically	ADV
eltls-56623	42	50	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	42	51	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	52	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-56623	42	53	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	42	54	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	55	unlike	unlike	ADP
eltls-56623	42	56	during	during	ADP
eltls-56623	42	57	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	42	58	period	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	59	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	42	60	special	special	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	61	health	health	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	62	events	event	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	63	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	64	2020	2020	NUM
eltls-56623	42	65	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	42	66	2021	2021	NUM
eltls-56623	42	67	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	68	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	69	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	42	70	total	total	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	71	volume	volume	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	72	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	42	73	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	74	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	75	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	42	76	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	42	77	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	42	78	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	42	79	started	start	VERB
eltls-56623	42	80	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	42	81	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	42	82	lower	low	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	83	baseline	baseline	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	84	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	42	85	nearly	nearly	ADV
eltls-56623	42	86	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
eltls-56623	42	87	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	42	88	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	42	89	2015	2015	NUM
eltls-56623	42	90	figures	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	42	91	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	43	1	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	43	2	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	43	3	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	43	4	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	43	5	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	43	6	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	43	7	holds	hold	VERB
eltls-56623	43	8	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-56623	43	9	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	43	10	value	value	NOUN
eltls-56623	43	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	44	1	during	during	ADP
eltls-56623	44	2	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	44	3	period	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	44	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	44	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	44	6	growth	growth	NOUN
eltls-56623	44	7	cycle	cycle	NOUN
eltls-56623	44	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	44	9	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	44	10	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	44	11	technically	technically	ADV
eltls-56623	44	12	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	44	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	44	14	completely	completely	ADV
eltls-56623	44	15	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	44	16	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	44	17	entered	enter	VERB
eltls-56623	44	18	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	44	19	stable	stable	ADJ
eltls-56623	44	20	phase	phase	NOUN
eltls-56623	44	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	45	1	studying	study	VERB
eltls-56623	45	2	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	45	3	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	45	4	avoids	avoid	VERB
eltls-56623	45	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	45	6	peculiarities	peculiarity	NOUN
eltls-56623	45	7	inherent	inherent	ADJ
eltls-56623	45	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	45	9	special	special	ADJ
eltls-56623	45	10	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	45	11	period	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	45	12	materials	material	NOUN
eltls-56623	45	13	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	45	14	adapting	adapt	VERB
eltls-56623	45	15	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	45	16	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
eltls-56623	45	17	shifts	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	45	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	45	19	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-56623	45	20	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	45	21	universal	universal	ADJ
eltls-56623	45	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	45	23	scientific	scientific	ADJ
eltls-56623	45	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	45	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	45	26	temporal	temporal	ADJ
eltls-56623	45	27	relevance	relevance	NOUN
eltls-56623	45	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	46	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	46	2	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	46	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	46	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	46	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	46	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	46	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	46	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	46	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	47	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	47	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	47	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	47	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	47	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	47	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	47	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	47	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	47	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	47	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	47	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	47	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	47	13	133	133	NUM
eltls-56623	47	14	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	47	15	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	47	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	48	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	48	2	number	number	NOUN
eltls-56623	48	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	48	4	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	48	5	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	48	6	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	48	7	year	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	48	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	48	9	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	48	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	48	11	twitter	twitter	NOUN
eltls-56623	48	12	rebranded	rebrande	VERB
eltls-56623	48	13	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-56623	48	14	x.	x.	PROPN
eltls-56623	48	15	daily	daily	PROPN
eltls-56623	48	16	logins	login	NOUN
eltls-56623	48	17	reached	reach	VERB
eltls-56623	48	18	535	535	NUM
eltls-56623	48	19	million	million	NUM
eltls-56623	48	20	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	48	21	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	48	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	48	23	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	48	24	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	48	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	48	26	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	48	27	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	48	28	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	48	29	alone	alone	ADV
eltls-56623	48	30	averaging	average	VERB
eltls-56623	48	31	3035	3035	NUM
eltls-56623	48	32	minutes	minute	NOUN
eltls-56623	48	33	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	48	34	daily	daily	ADJ
eltls-56623	48	35	engagement	engagement	NOUN
eltls-56623	48	36	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	48	37	conti	conti	NOUN
eltls-56623	48	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	48	39	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	48	40	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	48	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	49	1	male	male	ADJ
eltls-56623	49	2	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	49	3	accounted	account	VERB
eltls-56623	49	4	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	49	5	64.14	64.14	NUM
eltls-56623	49	6	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	49	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	49	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	49	9	total	total	NOUN
eltls-56623	49	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	49	11	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	49	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	49	13	25	25	NUM
eltls-56623	49	14	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	49	15	34	34	NUM
eltls-56623	49	16	age	age	NOUN
eltls-56623	49	17	group	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	49	18	remained	remain	VERB
eltls-56623	49	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	49	20	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	49	21	active	active	ADJ
eltls-56623	49	22	demographic	demographic	ADJ
eltls-56623	49	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	49	24	comprising	comprise	VERB
eltls-56623	49	25	30%-38	30%-38	NUM
eltls-56623	49	26	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	49	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	1	compared	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	50	2	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	50	3	traditional	traditional	ADJ
eltls-56623	50	4	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	5	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	6	only	only	ADJ
eltls-56623	50	7	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	9	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	50	10	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	11	integrates	integrate	VERB
eltls-56623	50	12	diverse	diverse	ADJ
eltls-56623	50	13	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	14	including	include	VERB
eltls-56623	50	15	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	16	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	17	tweets	tweet	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	18	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	20	images	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	21	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	22	memes	meme	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	23	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	25	video	video	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	26	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	27	deepfakes	deepfake	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	28	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	30	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	50	31	hyperlinks	hyperlink	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	32	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	33	dark	dark	ADJ
eltls-56623	50	34	links	link	NOUN
eltls-56623	50	35	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	50	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	51	1	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	51	2	penetration	penetration	NOUN
eltls-56623	51	3	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	51	4	everyday	everyday	ADJ
eltls-56623	51	5	life	life	NOUN
eltls-56623	51	6	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	51	7	profound	profound	ADJ
eltls-56623	51	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	51	9	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	51	10	reach	reach	NOUN
eltls-56623	51	11	extensive	extensive	ADJ
eltls-56623	51	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	51	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	51	14	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	51	15	influence	influence	NOUN
eltls-56623	51	16	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	51	17	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	51	18	potent	potent	ADJ
eltls-56623	51	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	52	1	hence	hence	ADV
eltls-56623	52	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	52	3	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	52	4	study	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	52	5	restricts	restrict	VERB
eltls-56623	52	6	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	52	7	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	52	8	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	52	9	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	52	10	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	52	11	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	52	12	specifically	specifically	ADV
eltls-56623	52	13	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	52	14	x	x	ADJ
eltls-56623	52	15	platform	platform	NOUN
eltls-56623	52	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	52	17	formerly	formerly	ADV
eltls-56623	52	18	known	know	VERB
eltls-56623	52	19	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	52	20	twitter	twitter	NOUN
eltls-56623	52	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	53	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	53	2	distinctiveness	distinctiveness	NOUN
eltls-56623	53	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	53	4	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	53	5	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	53	6	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	53	7	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	53	8	lies	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	53	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	53	10	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	53	11	profound	profound	ADJ
eltls-56623	53	12	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	53	13	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	53	14	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	53	15	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	53	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	53	17	international	international	ADJ
eltls-56623	53	18	relations	relation	NOUN
eltls-56623	53	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	53	20	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	53	21	undermining	undermine	VERB
eltls-56623	53	22	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	53	23	order	order	NOUN
eltls-56623	53	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	53	25	societal	societal	ADJ
eltls-56623	53	26	trust	trust	NOUN
eltls-56623	53	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	54	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	54	2	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-56623	54	3	manipulates	manipulate	VERB
eltls-56623	54	4	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	54	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	54	6	power	power	NOUN
eltls-56623	54	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	54	8	constructs	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	54	9	crisis	crisis	NOUN
eltls-56623	54	10	narratives	narrative	NOUN
eltls-56623	54	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	54	12	readily	readily	ADV
eltls-56623	54	13	swaying	sway	VERB
eltls-56623	54	14	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	54	15	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
eltls-56623	54	16	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	54	17	generate	generate	VERB
eltls-56623	54	18	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-56623	54	19	societal	societal	ADJ
eltls-56623	54	20	repercussions	repercussion	NOUN
eltls-56623	54	21	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	54	22	butcher	butcher	NOUN
eltls-56623	54	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	54	24	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	54	25	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	54	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	55	1	compared	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	55	2	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	55	3	other	other	ADJ
eltls-56623	55	4	categories	category	NOUN
eltls-56623	55	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	55	6	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	55	7	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	55	8	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	55	9	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	55	10	high	high	ADJ
eltls-56623	55	11	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	55	12	density	density	NOUN
eltls-56623	55	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	55	14	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
eltls-56623	55	15	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	55	16	coordination	coordination	NOUN
eltls-56623	55	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	55	18	possessing	possess	VERB
eltls-56623	55	19	unique	unique	ADJ
eltls-56623	55	20	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	55	21	encoding	encoding	NOUN
eltls-56623	55	22	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	55	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	56	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
eltls-56623	56	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	56	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	56	4	complex	complex	ADJ
eltls-56623	56	5	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	56	6	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	56	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	56	8	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	56	9	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	56	10	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	56	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	56	12	involving	involve	VERB
eltls-56623	56	13	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	56	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	56	15	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	56	16	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	56	17	power	power	NOUN
eltls-56623	56	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	56	19	present	present	ADJ
eltls-56623	56	20	both	both	DET
eltls-56623	56	21	challenges	challenge	NOUN
eltls-56623	56	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	56	23	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
eltls-56623	56	24	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	56	25	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	56	26	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	56	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	57	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	57	2	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	57	3	selected	select	VERB
eltls-56623	57	4	1,076	1,076	NUM
eltls-56623	57	5	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	57	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	57	7	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	57	8	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	57	9	concerning	concern	VERB
eltls-56623	57	10	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	57	11	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	57	12	affairs	affair	NOUN
eltls-56623	57	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	57	14	sourced	source	VERB
eltls-56623	57	15	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	57	16	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	57	17	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	57	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	57	19	rated	rate	VERB
eltls-56623	57	20	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	57	21	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	57	22	completely	completely	ADV
eltls-56623	57	23	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	57	24	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	57	25	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	57	26	snopes	snope	NOUN
eltls-56623	57	27	between	between	ADP
eltls-56623	57	28	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	57	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	57	30	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	57	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	1	these	these	PRON
eltls-56623	58	2	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	58	3	categorised	categorise	VERB
eltls-56623	58	4	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	58	5	seven	seven	NUM
eltls-56623	58	6	types	type	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	8	entertainment	entertainment	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	9	celebrities	celebrity	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	11	189	189	NUM
eltls-56623	58	12	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	15	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	58	16	figures	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	18	79	79	NUM
eltls-56623	58	19	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	20	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	22	sports	sport	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	23	figures	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	24	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	25	38	38	NUM
eltls-56623	58	26	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	27	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	29	companies	company	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	30	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	58	31	enterprise	enterprise	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	32	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	33	145	145	NUM
eltls-56623	58	34	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	35	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	36	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	37	curiosities	curiosity	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	38	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	58	39	trivia	trivium	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	40	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	41	174	174	NUM
eltls-56623	58	42	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	43	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	44	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	45	health	health	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	46	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	58	47	safety	safety	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	48	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	49	59	59	NUM
eltls-56623	58	50	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	51	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	52	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	53	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	58	54	politically	politically	ADV
eltls-56623	58	55	related	relate	VERB
eltls-56623	58	56	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	57	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	58	393	393	NUM
eltls-56623	58	59	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	58	60	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	58	61	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	1	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	2	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	3	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	4	period	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	5	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	6	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	7	40	40	NUM
eltls-56623	59	8	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	9	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	11	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	12	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	13	us	us	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	14	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	15	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	16	87	87	NUM
eltls-56623	59	17	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	18	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	20	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	21	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	22	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	23	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	24	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	25	x	x	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	26	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	27	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	28	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	29	59	59	NUM
eltls-56623	59	30	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	31	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	33	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	59	34	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	35	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	36	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	37	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	38	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	39	92	92	NUM
eltls-56623	59	40	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	41	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	42	including	include	VERB
eltls-56623	59	43	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	44	opinions	opinion	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	45	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	46	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	47	statements	statement	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	48	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	49	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	59	50	private	private	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	51	incidents	incident	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	52	involving	involve	VERB
eltls-56623	59	53	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	54	figures	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	55	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	56	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	59	57	excluded	exclude	VERB
eltls-56623	59	58	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	59	59	focusing	focus	VERB
eltls-56623	59	60	solely	solely	ADV
eltls-56623	59	61	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	59	62	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	63	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	59	64	events	event	NOUN
eltls-56623	59	65	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	60	1	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	60	2	total	total	NOUN
eltls-56623	60	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	60	4	114	114	NUM
eltls-56623	60	5	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	60	6	points	point	NOUN
eltls-56623	60	7	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	60	8	collected	collect	VERB
eltls-56623	60	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	60	10	28	28	NUM
eltls-56623	60	11	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	60	12	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	60	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	60	14	30	30	NUM
eltls-56623	60	15	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	60	16	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	60	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	60	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	60	19	56	56	NUM
eltls-56623	60	20	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	60	21	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	60	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	61	1	3.2	3.2	NUM
eltls-56623	61	2	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	61	3	questions	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	61	4	based	base	VERB
eltls-56623	61	5	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	61	6	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	61	7	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	61	8	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	61	9	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-56623	61	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	61	11	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	61	12	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	61	13	systematically	systematically	ADV
eltls-56623	61	14	deconstructs	deconstruct	VERB
eltls-56623	61	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	61	16	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	61	17	operational	operational	ADJ
eltls-56623	61	18	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	61	19	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	61	20	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	61	21	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	61	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	61	23	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	61	24	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	61	25	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	61	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	62	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	62	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	62	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	62	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	62	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	62	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	62	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	62	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	62	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	62	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	62	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	62	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	62	13	134	134	NUM
eltls-56623	62	14	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	62	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	62	16	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	62	17	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	62	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	62	19	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	62	20	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	62	21	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	62	22	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	62	23	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	62	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	62	25	aiming	aim	VERB
eltls-56623	62	26	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	62	27	address	address	VERB
eltls-56623	62	28	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	62	29	following	follow	VERB
eltls-56623	62	30	questions	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	62	31	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	62	32	how	how	SCONJ
eltls-56623	62	33	can	can	AUX
eltls-56623	62	34	morris	morris	VERB
eltls-56623	62	35	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	62	36	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	62	37	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	62	38	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	62	39	applied	apply	VERB
eltls-56623	62	40	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	62	41	examine	examine	VERB
eltls-56623	62	42	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	62	43	sign	sign	NOUN
eltls-56623	62	44	combination	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	62	45	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	62	46	deconstruction	deconstruction	NOUN
eltls-56623	62	47	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	62	48	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	62	49	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	62	50	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	62	51	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	62	52	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	62	53	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-56623	63	1	what	what	PRON
eltls-56623	63	2	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	3	does	do	AUX
eltls-56623	63	4	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	63	5	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	63	6	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	63	7	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	8	exhibit	exhibit	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	9	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	63	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	63	11	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	63	12	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	63	13	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	14	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	63	16	syntax	syntax	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	63	18	semantics	semantic	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	63	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	63	21	pragmatics?what	pragmatics?what	DET
eltls-56623	63	22	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	23	define	define	VERB
eltls-56623	63	24	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	63	25	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
eltls-56623	63	26	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	27	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	63	28	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
eltls-56623	63	29	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	63	31	meaning	mean	VERB
eltls-56623	63	32	construction	construction	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	33	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	63	34	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	63	35	communicative	communicative	ADJ
eltls-56623	63	36	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	63	37	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-56623	64	1	3.3	3.3	NUM
eltls-56623	64	2	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	64	3	methods	method	NOUN
eltls-56623	64	4	case	case	NOUN
eltls-56623	64	5	study	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	64	6	method	method	NOUN
eltls-56623	64	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	64	8	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	64	9	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	64	10	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	64	11	extract	extract	VERB
eltls-56623	64	12	representative	representative	NOUN
eltls-56623	64	13	corpora	corpora	NOUN
eltls-56623	64	14	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	64	15	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	64	16	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	64	17	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	64	18	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	64	19	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	64	20	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	64	21	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	64	22	spanning	span	VERB
eltls-56623	64	23	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	64	24	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	64	25	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	64	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	65	1	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	65	2	meticulous	meticulous	ADJ
eltls-56623	65	3	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	65	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	65	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	65	6	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	65	7	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	65	8	reveal	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	65	9	how	how	SCONJ
eltls-56623	65	10	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	65	11	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	65	12	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	65	13	constructs	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	65	14	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	65	15	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	65	16	frameworks	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	65	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	65	18	meanings	meaning	NOUN
eltls-56623	65	19	among	among	ADP
eltls-56623	65	20	audiences	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	65	21	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	65	22	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	65	23	selection	selection	NOUN
eltls-56623	65	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	65	25	organisation	organisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	65	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	65	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	65	28	deployment	deployment	NOUN
eltls-56623	65	29	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	65	30	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	65	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	66	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	66	2	selecting	select	VERB
eltls-56623	66	3	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	66	4	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	66	5	cases	case	NOUN
eltls-56623	66	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	66	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	66	8	study	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	66	9	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	66	10	examine	examine	VERB
eltls-56623	66	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	66	12	construction	construction	NOUN
eltls-56623	66	13	methods	method	NOUN
eltls-56623	66	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	66	15	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	66	16	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	66	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	66	18	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	66	19	underlying	underlying	ADJ
eltls-56623	66	20	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	66	21	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	66	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	66	23	exploring	explore	VERB
eltls-56623	66	24	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	66	25	potential	potential	ADJ
eltls-56623	66	26	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	66	27	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	66	28	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	66	29	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	66	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	67	1	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
eltls-56623	67	2	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	67	3	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
eltls-56623	67	4	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-56623	67	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	67	6	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	67	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	67	8	collection	collection	NOUN
eltls-56623	67	9	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	67	10	collation	collation	NOUN
eltls-56623	67	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	67	12	extensive	extensive	ADJ
eltls-56623	67	13	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	67	14	corpora	corpora	NOUN
eltls-56623	67	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	67	16	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	67	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	67	18	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	67	19	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	67	20	employed	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	67	21	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	67	22	reveal	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	67	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	67	24	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	67	25	features	feature	NOUN
eltls-56623	67	26	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	67	27	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	67	28	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	67	29	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	67	30	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	67	31	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	67	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	68	1	building	build	VERB
eltls-56623	68	2	upon	upon	SCONJ
eltls-56623	68	3	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	68	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	68	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	68	6	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	68	7	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	68	8	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	68	9	adopt	adopt	VERB
eltls-56623	68	10	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	68	11	combined	combine	VERB
eltls-56623	68	12	qualitative	qualitative	NOUN
eltls-56623	68	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	68	14	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
eltls-56623	68	15	methodology	methodology	NOUN
eltls-56623	68	16	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	68	17	analyse	analyse	VERB
eltls-56623	68	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	68	19	collected	collect	VERB
eltls-56623	68	20	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	68	21	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	68	22	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	68	23	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	68	24	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	68	25	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	68	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	69	1	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
eltls-56623	69	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	69	3	statistically	statistically	ADV
eltls-56623	69	4	examines	examine	VERB
eltls-56623	69	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	69	6	use	use	NOUN
eltls-56623	69	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	69	8	types	type	NOUN
eltls-56623	69	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	69	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	69	11	evolving	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	69	12	trends	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	69	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	69	14	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	69	15	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	69	16	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	69	17	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	69	18	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	69	19	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	69	20	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	69	21	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	69	22	uncover	uncover	VERB
eltls-56623	69	23	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	69	24	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	69	25	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	69	26	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	69	27	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	69	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	70	1	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
eltls-56623	70	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	70	3	delves	delf	NOUN
eltls-56623	70	4	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	70	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	70	6	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	70	7	processes	process	NOUN
eltls-56623	70	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	70	9	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	70	10	selection	selection	NOUN
eltls-56623	70	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	70	12	meaning	mean	VERB
eltls-56623	70	13	construction	construction	NOUN
eltls-56623	70	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	70	15	exploring	explore	VERB
eltls-56623	70	16	underlying	underlie	VERB
eltls-56623	70	17	cultural	cultural	ADJ
eltls-56623	70	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	70	19	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	70	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	70	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	70	22	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	70	23	factors	factor	NOUN
eltls-56623	70	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	71	1	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
eltls-56623	71	2	comparative	comparative	ADJ
eltls-56623	71	3	study	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	71	4	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	71	5	analyses	analyse	VERB
eltls-56623	71	6	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	71	7	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	71	8	four	four	NUM
eltls-56623	71	9	elements	element	NOUN
eltls-56623	71	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	71	11	semiotics	semiotic	NOUN
eltls-56623	71	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	71	13	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	71	14	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	71	15	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	71	16	perspective	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	71	17	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	71	18	temporal	temporal	ADJ
eltls-56623	71	19	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	71	20	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	71	21	identify	identify	VERB
eltls-56623	71	22	trends	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	71	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	71	24	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	71	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	72	1	taking	take	VERB
eltls-56623	72	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	72	3	sign	sign	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	4	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	72	6	designatum	designatum	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	72	8	interpretant	interpretant	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	72	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	72	11	interpreter	interpreter	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	12	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	72	13	core	core	ADJ
eltls-56623	72	14	analytical	analytical	ADJ
eltls-56623	72	15	units	unit	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	72	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	72	18	integrating	integrate	VERB
eltls-56623	72	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	72	20	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	72	21	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	72	22	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	23	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
eltls-56623	72	24	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	72	26	syntactics	syntactic	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	72	28	semantics	semantic	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	72	30	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	72	31	pragmatics	pragmatic	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	72	33	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	72	34	study	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	35	conducts	conduct	VERB
eltls-56623	72	36	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
eltls-56623	72	37	tracking	tracking	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	38	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	72	39	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	72	40	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	72	41	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	72	42	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	72	43	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	44	samples	sample	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	45	over	over	ADP
eltls-56623	72	46	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	72	47	years	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	72	48	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	73	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	73	2	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	73	3	identifies	identify	VERB
eltls-56623	73	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	73	5	evolving	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	73	6	trends	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	73	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	73	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	73	9	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	73	10	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	73	11	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	73	12	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	73	13	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	73	14	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	73	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	74	1	3.4	3.4	NUM
eltls-56623	74	2	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	3	procedures	procedure	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	4	ⅰ.	ⅰ.	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	5	obtaining	obtain	VERB
eltls-56623	74	6	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	74	7	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	74	9	related	relate	VERB
eltls-56623	74	10	corpora	corpora	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	11	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	74	12	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	74	13	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	74	14	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	74	15	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	74	16	extracting	extract	VERB
eltls-56623	74	17	materials	material	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	18	rated	rate	VERB
eltls-56623	74	19	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	74	20	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	74	21	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	74	22	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	74	23	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	74	24	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	74	25	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	74	26	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	74	27	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	74	28	snopes	snope	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	29	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	74	30	official	official	ADJ
eltls-56623	74	31	website	website	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	32	using	use	VERB
eltls-56623	74	33	python	python	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	34	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	74	35	ⅱ.	ⅱ.	ADV
eltls-56623	74	36	performing	perform	VERB
eltls-56623	74	37	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
eltls-56623	74	38	cleaning	cleaning	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	39	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	74	40	screening	screening	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	41	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	74	42	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	74	43	corpora	corpora	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	44	via	via	ADP
eltls-56623	74	45	excel	excel	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	46	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	74	47	ⅲ.	ⅲ.	PROPN
eltls-56623	74	48	performed	perform	VERB
eltls-56623	74	49	analytical	analytical	ADJ
eltls-56623	74	50	statistic	statistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	51	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	74	52	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	74	53	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	74	54	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	55	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	74	56	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	74	57	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	74	58	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	74	59	via	via	ADP
eltls-56623	74	60	excel	excel	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	61	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	74	62	identifying	identify	VERB
eltls-56623	74	63	changes	change	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	64	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	74	65	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	74	66	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	67	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	74	68	importance	importance	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	69	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	74	70	different	different	ADJ
eltls-56623	74	71	elements	element	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	72	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	74	73	alongside	alongside	ADP
eltls-56623	74	74	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	74	75	evolution	evolution	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	76	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	77	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	74	78	varying	vary	VERB
eltls-56623	74	79	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	74	80	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	75	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-56623	75	2	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	75	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	75	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	75	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	75	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	75	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	75	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	75	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	76	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	76	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	76	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	76	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	76	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	76	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	76	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	76	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	76	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	76	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	76	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	76	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	76	13	135	135	NUM
eltls-56623	76	14	4	4	NUM
eltls-56623	76	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	77	1	analyse	analyse	NOUN
eltls-56623	77	2	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	77	3	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	77	4	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	77	5	perspective	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	77	6	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	77	7	liken	liken	VERB
eltls-56623	77	8	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	77	9	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	77	10	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	77	11	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	77	12	building	building	NOUN
eltls-56623	77	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	77	14	one	one	PRON
eltls-56623	77	15	must	must	AUX
eltls-56623	77	16	analyse	analyse	VERB
eltls-56623	77	17	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	77	18	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	77	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	77	20	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	77	21	different	different	ADJ
eltls-56623	77	22	levels	level	NOUN
eltls-56623	77	23	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	77	24	considering	consider	VERB
eltls-56623	77	25	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	77	26	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	77	27	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	77	28	floor	floor	NOUN
eltls-56623	77	29	plan	plan	NOUN
eltls-56623	77	30	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	77	31	interior	interior	ADJ
eltls-56623	77	32	design	design	NOUN
eltls-56623	77	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	78	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
eltls-56623	78	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	78	3	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	78	4	deconstructing	deconstruct	VERB
eltls-56623	78	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	78	6	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	78	7	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	78	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	78	9	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	78	10	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	78	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	78	12	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	78	13	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	78	14	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	78	15	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	78	16	perspective	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	78	17	constitutes	constitute	VERB
eltls-56623	78	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	78	19	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	78	20	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	78	21	which	which	PRON
eltls-56623	78	22	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	78	23	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	78	24	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	78	25	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	78	26	constructed	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	78	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	79	1	4.1	4.1	NUM
eltls-56623	79	2	syntax	syntax	NOUN
eltls-56623	79	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	79	4	core	core	ADJ
eltls-56623	79	5	analytical	analytical	ADJ
eltls-56623	79	6	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	79	7	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	79	8	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	79	9	level	level	NOUN
eltls-56623	79	10	focuses	focus	VERB
eltls-56623	79	11	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	79	12	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	79	13	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-56623	79	14	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	79	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	79	16	including	include	VERB
eltls-56623	79	17	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
eltls-56623	79	18	organisation	organisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	79	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	79	20	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	79	21	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-56623	79	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	79	23	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	79	24	layout	layout	NOUN
eltls-56623	79	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	79	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	79	27	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	79	28	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	79	29	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	79	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	80	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	80	2	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	80	3	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	80	4	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
eltls-56623	80	5	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-56623	80	6	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	80	7	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	80	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	80	9	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	80	10	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	80	11	emergency	emergency	NOUN
eltls-56623	80	12	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	80	13	initiated	initiate	VERB
eltls-56623	80	14	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	80	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	80	16	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	80	17	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	80	18	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	80	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	81	1	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
eltls-56623	81	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
eltls-56623	81	3	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	81	4	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	81	5	periods	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	81	6	indicates	indicate	VERB
eltls-56623	81	7	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	81	8	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-56623	81	9	evolution	evolution	NOUN
eltls-56623	81	10	primarily	primarily	ADV
eltls-56623	81	11	manifests	manifest	VERB
eltls-56623	81	12	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	81	13	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	81	14	aspects	aspect	NOUN
eltls-56623	81	15	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	81	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	81	17	polarisation	polarisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	81	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	81	19	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	81	20	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	81	21	using	using	NOUN
eltls-56623	81	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	81	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	81	24	adoption	adoption	NOUN
eltls-56623	81	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	81	26	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	81	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	82	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	82	2	progression	progression	NOUN
eltls-56623	82	3	gradually	gradually	ADV
eltls-56623	82	4	evolves	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	82	5	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	82	6	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	82	7	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	82	8	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	82	9	inherently	inherently	ADV
eltls-56623	82	10	resistant	resistant	ADJ
eltls-56623	82	11	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	82	12	deep	deep	ADJ
eltls-56623	82	13	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	82	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	82	15	yet	yet	CCONJ
eltls-56623	82	16	precisely	precisely	ADV
eltls-56623	82	17	tailored	tailor	VERB
eltls-56623	82	18	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	82	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	82	20	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	82	21	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	82	22	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	82	23	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	82	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	82	25	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	82	26	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	82	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	83	1	4.1.1	4.1.1	NUM
eltls-56623	83	2	general	general	ADJ
eltls-56623	83	3	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	83	4	after	after	ADP
eltls-56623	83	5	collection	collection	NOUN
eltls-56623	83	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	83	7	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	83	8	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	83	9	found	find	VERB
eltls-56623	83	10	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	83	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	83	12	majority	majority	NOUN
eltls-56623	83	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	83	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	83	15	instance	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	83	16	comprised	comprise	VERB
eltls-56623	83	17	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	83	18	following	follow	VERB
eltls-56623	83	19	types	type	NOUN
eltls-56623	83	20	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	83	21	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	83	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	83	23	images	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	83	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	83	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	83	26	videos	video	NOUN
eltls-56623	83	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	84	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	84	2	study	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	84	3	focuses	focus	VERB
eltls-56623	84	4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV
eltls-56623	84	5	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	84	6	post	post	NOUN
eltls-56623	84	7	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	84	8	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	84	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	84	10	excluding	exclude	VERB
eltls-56623	84	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	84	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	84	13	associated	associate	VERB
eltls-56623	84	14	images	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	84	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	84	16	videos	video	NOUN
eltls-56623	84	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	85	1	regarding	regard	VERB
eltls-56623	85	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	85	3	five	five	NUM
eltls-56623	85	4	samples	sample	NOUN
eltls-56623	85	5	lacking	lack	VERB
eltls-56623	85	6	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	85	7	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	85	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	85	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	85	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	85	11	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	85	12	accompanying	accompanying	ADJ
eltls-56623	85	13	images	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	85	14	revealed	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	85	15	distinct	distinct	ADJ
eltls-56623	85	16	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	85	17	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	85	18	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-56623	85	19	than	than	ADP
eltls-56623	85	20	purely	purely	ADV
eltls-56623	85	21	pictorial	pictorial	ADJ
eltls-56623	85	22	picture	picture	NOUN
eltls-56623	85	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	86	1	thus	thus	ADV
eltls-56623	86	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	86	3	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	86	4	samples	sample	NOUN
eltls-56623	86	5	retain	retain	VERB
eltls-56623	86	6	analytical	analytical	ADJ
eltls-56623	86	7	value	value	NOUN
eltls-56623	86	8	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	86	9	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	86	10	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	86	11	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	86	12	posts	post	NOUN
eltls-56623	86	13	lack	lack	VERB
eltls-56623	86	14	explicit	explicit	ADJ
eltls-56623	86	15	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	86	16	expression	expression	NOUN
eltls-56623	86	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	86	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	86	19	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	86	20	internal	internal	ADJ
eltls-56623	86	21	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	86	22	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	86	23	extracted	extract	VERB
eltls-56623	86	24	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	86	25	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	86	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	87	1	all	all	DET
eltls-56623	87	2	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	87	3	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	87	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	87	5	samples	sample	NOUN
eltls-56623	87	6	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	87	7	transcribed	transcribe	VERB
eltls-56623	87	8	using	use	VERB
eltls-56623	87	9	apple	apple	NOUN
eltls-56623	87	10	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	87	11	names	name	NOUN
eltls-56623	87	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	88	1	1	1	X
eltls-56623	88	2	.	.	X
eltls-56623	88	3	reading	read	VERB
eltls-56623	88	4	hook	hook	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	88	6	emergency	emergency	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	7	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	8	initiated	initiate	VERB
eltls-56623	88	9	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	88	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	88	13	entire	entire	ADJ
eltls-56623	88	14	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	15	revealed	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	88	16	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	88	17	distinct	distinct	ADJ
eltls-56623	88	18	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	19	types	type	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	20	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	88	21	colloquial	colloquial	ADJ
eltls-56623	88	22	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	88	24	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	25	masquerading	masquerade	VERB
eltls-56623	88	26	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	88	27	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	88	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	88	30	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	31	imitating	imitate	VERB
eltls-56623	88	32	journalistic	journalistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	88	33	style	style	NOUN
eltls-56623	88	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	89	1	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	89	2	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	89	3	types	type	NOUN
eltls-56623	89	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	89	5	along	along	ADP
eltls-56623	89	6	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	89	7	composite	composite	ADJ
eltls-56623	89	8	variants	variant	NOUN
eltls-56623	89	9	arising	arise	VERB
eltls-56623	89	10	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	89	11	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	89	12	interplay	interplay	NOUN
eltls-56623	89	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	89	14	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	89	15	consistently	consistently	ADV
eltls-56623	89	16	present	present	ADJ
eltls-56623	89	17	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	89	18	all	all	DET
eltls-56623	89	19	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	89	20	periods	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	89	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	90	1	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	90	2	colloquial	colloquial	ADJ
eltls-56623	90	3	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	90	4	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	90	5	greater	great	ADJ
eltls-56623	90	6	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-56623	90	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	90	8	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	90	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	90	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	90	11	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-56623	90	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	90	13	all	all	DET
eltls-56623	90	14	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	90	15	types	type	NOUN
eltls-56623	90	16	remained	remain	VERB
eltls-56623	90	17	broadly	broadly	ADV
eltls-56623	90	18	equal	equal	ADJ
eltls-56623	90	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	91	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	91	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	91	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	91	4	oh	oh	INTJ
eltls-56623	91	5	my	my	INTJ
eltls-56623	91	6	gosh	gosh	INTJ
eltls-56623	91	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	91	8	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	91	9	did	do	VERB
eltls-56623	91	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	92	1	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	92	2	put	put	VERB
eltls-56623	92	3	his	his	PRON
eltls-56623	92	4	medal	medal	NOUN
eltls-56623	92	5	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	92	6	backward	backward	ADV
eltls-56623	92	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	93	1	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	93	2	’s	’s	AUX
eltls-56623	93	3	declining	decline	VERB
eltls-56623	93	4	before	before	ADP
eltls-56623	93	5	our	our	PRON
eltls-56623	93	6	eyes	eye	NOUN
eltls-56623	93	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	94	1	colloquial	colloquial	ADJ
eltls-56623	94	2	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	94	3	often	often	ADV
eltls-56623	94	4	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
eltls-56623	94	5	distinct	distinct	ADJ
eltls-56623	94	6	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-56623	94	7	expressions	expression	NOUN
eltls-56623	94	8	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	94	9	convey	convey	VERB
eltls-56623	94	10	strong	strong	ADJ
eltls-56623	94	11	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	94	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	94	13	foster	foster	VERB
eltls-56623	94	14	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	94	15	closer	close	ADJ
eltls-56623	94	16	connection	connection	NOUN
eltls-56623	94	17	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	94	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	94	19	reader	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	94	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	95	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	95	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	95	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	95	4	check	check	VERB
eltls-56623	95	5	your	your	PRON
eltls-56623	95	6	state	state	NOUN
eltls-56623	95	7	!	!	PUNCT
eltls-56623	96	1	[	[	X
eltls-56623	96	2	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	96	3	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	96	4	explosion	explosion	NOUN
eltls-56623	96	5	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	96	6	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	96	7	should	should	AUX
eltls-56623	96	8	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	96	9	0	0	NUM
eltls-56623	96	10	!	!	PUNCT
eltls-56623	97	1	numbers	number	NOUN
eltls-56623	97	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	97	3	illegal	illegal	ADJ
eltls-56623	97	4	aliens	alien	NOUN
eltls-56623	97	5	allowed	allow	VERB
eltls-56623	97	6	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	97	7	vote	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	97	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	97	9	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	97	10	elections	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	97	11	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	97	12	state	state	NOUN
eltls-56623	97	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	98	1	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	98	2	total	total	NOUN
eltls-56623	98	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	98	4	10,000,402	10,000,402	NUM
eltls-56623	98	5	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	98	6	growing	grow	VERB
eltls-56623	98	7	source	source	NOUN
eltls-56623	98	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	98	9	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	98	10	security	security	NOUN
eltls-56623	98	11	admin	admin	NOUN
eltls-56623	98	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	99	1	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	2	masquerading	masquerade	VERB
eltls-56623	99	3	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	99	4	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	5	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-56623	99	6	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	99	7	quote	quote	INTJ
eltls-56623	99	8	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	99	9	remarks	remark	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	10	attributed	attribute	VERB
eltls-56623	99	11	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	99	12	prominent	prominent	ADJ
eltls-56623	99	13	figures	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	14	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	99	15	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	ADJ
eltls-56623	99	16	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	99	17	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	99	20	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	21	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	22	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	99	24	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	99	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	99	26	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	99	27	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	28	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	99	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	99	30	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	99	31	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	99	32	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	99	33	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	99	34	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	99	35	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	99	36	136	136	NUM
eltls-56623	99	37	masquerade	masquerade	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	38	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	99	39	official	official	ADJ
eltls-56623	99	40	documents	document	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	41	issued	issue	VERB
eltls-56623	99	42	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	99	43	institutions	institution	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	44	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	99	45	cultivate	cultivate	VERB
eltls-56623	99	46	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	99	47	aura	aura	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	48	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	99	49	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	50	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	99	51	gain	gain	VERB
eltls-56623	99	52	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	99	53	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	99	54	trust	trust	PROPN
eltls-56623	99	55	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	100	1	compared	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	100	2	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	100	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	100	4	aforementioned	aforementioned	ADJ
eltls-56623	100	5	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	100	6	types	type	NOUN
eltls-56623	100	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	100	8	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	100	9	imitating	imitate	VERB
eltls-56623	100	10	journalistic	journalistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	100	11	style	style	NOUN
eltls-56623	100	12	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	100	13	distinct	distinct	ADJ
eltls-56623	100	14	statistical	statistical	ADJ
eltls-56623	100	15	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	100	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	100	17	namely	namely	ADV
eltls-56623	100	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	100	19	prominent	prominent	ADJ
eltls-56623	100	20	presence	presence	NOUN
eltls-56623	100	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	100	22	urgency	urgency	NOUN
eltls-56623	100	23	markers	marker	NOUN
eltls-56623	100	24	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	100	25	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	100	26	beginning	beginning	NOUN
eltls-56623	100	27	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	100	28	some	some	DET
eltls-56623	100	29	instance	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	100	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	101	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	101	2	term	term	NOUN
eltls-56623	101	3	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	101	4	breaking	breaking	NOUN
eltls-56623	101	5	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	101	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	101	7	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-56623	101	8	appearing	appear	VERB
eltls-56623	101	9	before	before	ADP
eltls-56623	101	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	101	11	main	main	ADJ
eltls-56623	101	12	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	101	13	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	101	14	both	both	CCONJ
eltls-56623	101	15	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	101	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	101	17	real	real	ADJ
eltls-56623	101	18	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	101	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	101	20	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	101	21	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	101	22	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	101	23	common	common	ADJ
eltls-56623	101	24	urgency	urgency	NOUN
eltls-56623	101	25	marker	marker	NOUN
eltls-56623	101	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	102	1	urgency	urgency	NOUN
eltls-56623	102	2	markers	marker	NOUN
eltls-56623	102	3	refer	refer	VERB
eltls-56623	102	4	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	102	5	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	102	6	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	102	7	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	102	8	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	102	9	conveying	convey	VERB
eltls-56623	102	10	immediacy	immediacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	102	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	102	12	crisis	crisis	NOUN
eltls-56623	102	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	102	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	102	15	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	102	16	authoritative	authoritative	ADJ
eltls-56623	102	17	summons	summon	NOUN
eltls-56623	102	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	103	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	103	2	xu	xu	INTJ
eltls-56623	103	3	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	103	4	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	103	5	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	103	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	103	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	103	8	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	103	9	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	103	10	positioned	position	VERB
eltls-56623	103	11	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	103	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	103	13	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	103	14	’s	’	VERB
eltls-56623	103	15	beginning	begin	VERB
eltls-56623	103	16	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	103	17	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	103	18	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	103	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	103	20	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	103	21	markers	marker	NOUN
eltls-56623	103	22	function	function	VERB
eltls-56623	103	23	like	like	ADP
eltls-56623	103	24	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	103	25	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	103	26	hook	hook	NOUN
eltls-56623	103	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	103	28	luring	lure	VERB
eltls-56623	103	29	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	103	30	’	’	PART
eltls-56623	103	31	curiosity	curiosity	NOUN
eltls-56623	103	32	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	103	33	manipulating	manipulate	VERB
eltls-56623	103	34	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	103	35	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	103	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	104	1	given	give	VERB
eltls-56623	104	2	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	104	3	consistent	consistent	ADJ
eltls-56623	104	4	function	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	104	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	104	6	nature	nature	NOUN
eltls-56623	104	7	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	104	8	positioned	position	VERB
eltls-56623	104	9	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	104	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	104	11	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	104	12	beginning	beginning	NOUN
eltls-56623	104	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	104	14	terms	term	NOUN
eltls-56623	104	15	like	like	ADP
eltls-56623	104	16	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	104	17	breaking	break	VERB
eltls-56623	104	18	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	104	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	104	20	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	104	21	new	new	ADJ
eltls-56623	104	22	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	104	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	104	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	104	25	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	104	26	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
eltls-56623	104	27	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	104	28	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	104	29	categorised	categorise	VERB
eltls-56623	104	30	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	104	31	emergency	emergency	NOUN
eltls-56623	104	32	markers	marker	NOUN
eltls-56623	104	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
eltls-56623	105	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	3	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	4	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	105	5	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	105	6	[	[	X
eltls-56623	105	7	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	9	fire	fire	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	10	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	12	[	[	X
eltls-56623	105	13	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	14	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	15	explosion	explosion	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	16	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	105	19	[	[	X
eltls-56623	105	20	emoji	emoji	ADJ
eltls-56623	105	21	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	22	police	police	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	23	car	car	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	24	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	105	25	light	light	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	26	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	27	serve	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	105	28	same	same	ADJ
eltls-56623	105	29	purposes	purpose	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	30	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	105	31	placed	place	VERB
eltls-56623	105	32	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	105	33	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	105	34	start	start	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	105	36	sentences	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	105	37	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	38	jiang	jiang	PROPN
eltls-56623	105	39	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	105	40	wilson	wilson	PROPN
eltls-56623	105	41	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	42	2018	2018	NUM
eltls-56623	105	43	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	105	44	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	1	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	106	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	106	3	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-56623	106	4	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	106	6	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	106	7	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	106	8	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	9	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	106	10	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	106	11	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	13	emergency	emergency	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	14	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	15	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	106	16	favoured	favour	VERB
eltls-56623	106	17	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	106	18	high	high	ADJ
eltls-56623	106	19	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	20	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	21	use	use	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	22	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	106	23	opening	opening	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	24	leads	lead	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	25	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	26	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	106	27	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	106	28	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	29	6	6	NUM
eltls-56623	106	30	pieces	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	31	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	32	21.43	21.43	NUM
eltls-56623	106	33	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	34	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	35	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	36	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	106	37	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	38	4	4	NUM
eltls-56623	106	39	pieces	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	40	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	41	13.33	13.33	NUM
eltls-56623	106	42	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	43	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	44	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	45	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	106	46	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	47	16	16	NUM
eltls-56623	106	48	pieces	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	49	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	50	28.57	28.57	NUM
eltls-56623	106	51	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	52	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	53	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	54	total	total	ADJ
eltls-56623	106	55	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	56	26	26	NUM
eltls-56623	106	57	pieces	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	58	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	59	22.81	22.81	NUM
eltls-56623	106	60	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	61	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	106	62	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	106	63	entire	entire	ADJ
eltls-56623	106	64	sample	sample	NOUN
eltls-56623	106	65	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	106	66	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	107	1	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	107	2	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	107	3	26	26	NUM
eltls-56623	107	4	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	107	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	107	6	emergency	emergency	NOUN
eltls-56623	107	7	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	107	8	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	107	9	opening	opening	NOUN
eltls-56623	107	10	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	107	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	107	12	92.31	92.31	NUM
eltls-56623	107	13	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	107	14	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	107	15	followed	follow	VERB
eltls-56623	107	16	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	107	17	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	107	18	colon	colon	NOUN
eltls-56623	107	19	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	107	20	separator	separator	NOUN
eltls-56623	107	21	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	107	22	break	break	VERB
eltls-56623	107	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	107	24	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	107	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	108	1	100	100	NUM
eltls-56623	108	2	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	108	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	108	4	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	108	5	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	108	6	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	108	7	followed	follow	VERB
eltls-56623	108	8	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	108	9	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	108	10	break	break	NOUN
eltls-56623	108	11	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	108	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	108	13	main	main	ADJ
eltls-56623	108	14	body	body	NOUN
eltls-56623	108	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	108	16	meaning	mean	VERB
eltls-56623	108	17	only	only	ADV
eltls-56623	108	18	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	108	19	pieces	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	108	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	108	21	emoji	emoji	PROPN
eltls-56623	108	22	emergency	emergency	NOUN
eltls-56623	108	23	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	108	24	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	108	25	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	108	26	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	108	27	beginning	beginning	NOUN
eltls-56623	108	28	remained	remain	VERB
eltls-56623	108	29	unbroken	unbroken	ADJ
eltls-56623	108	30	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	108	31	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	108	32	connected	connect	VERB
eltls-56623	108	33	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	108	34	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	108	35	main	main	ADJ
eltls-56623	108	36	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	108	37	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	109	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	109	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	109	4	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
eltls-56623	109	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	109	6	trump	trump	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	7	arrested	arrest	VERB
eltls-56623	109	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	109	9	fbi	fbi	PROPN
eltls-56623	109	10	mar	mar	PROPN
eltls-56623	109	11	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	109	12	lago	lago	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	13	raid	raid	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	14	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	109	15	evening.[emoji	evening.[emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	16	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	109	17	police	police	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	18	car	car	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	19	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	109	20	light	light	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	21	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	109	22	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	109	23	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	24	must	must	AUX
eltls-56623	109	25	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	109	26	followed	follow	VERB
eltls-56623	109	27	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	109	28	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	109	29	urgent	urgent	ADJ
eltls-56623	109	30	marker	marker	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	31	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	32	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	109	33	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	109	34	separator	separator	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	35	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	109	36	colon	colon	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	37	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	109	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	109	39	creating	create	VERB
eltls-56623	109	40	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	109	41	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	109	42	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	43	brief”-style	brief”-style	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	44	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	45	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	109	46	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
eltls-56623	109	47	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	109	48	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	49	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	50	professionalism	professionalism	NOUN
eltls-56623	109	51	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	110	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	110	2	aim	aim	NOUN
eltls-56623	110	3	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	110	4	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	110	5	leverage	leverage	VERB
eltls-56623	110	6	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	110	7	conventions	convention	NOUN
eltls-56623	110	8	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	110	9	enhance	enhance	VERB
eltls-56623	110	10	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	110	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	110	12	masquerading	masquerade	VERB
eltls-56623	110	13	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	110	14	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	110	15	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	110	16	flash	flash	NOUN
eltls-56623	110	17	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	110	18	simulate	simulate	VERB
eltls-56623	110	19	authoritative	authoritative	ADJ
eltls-56623	110	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	110	21	genuine	genuine	ADJ
eltls-56623	110	22	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	110	23	coverage	coverage	NOUN
eltls-56623	110	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	111	1	breaking	break	VERB
eltls-56623	111	2	[	[	X
eltls-56623	111	3	emoji	emoji	ADJ
eltls-56623	111	4	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	111	5	police	police	NOUN
eltls-56623	111	6	car	car	NOUN
eltls-56623	111	7	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	111	8	light	light	NOUN
eltls-56623	111	9	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	111	10	kamala	kamala	PROPN
eltls-56623	111	11	harris	harris	PROPN
eltls-56623	111	12	appears	appear	VERB
eltls-56623	111	13	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	111	14	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	111	15	too	too	ADV
eltls-56623	111	16	intoxicated	intoxicated	ADJ
eltls-56623	111	17	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	111	18	stand	stand	VERB
eltls-56623	111	19	up	up	ADP
eltls-56623	111	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	112	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	112	2	...	...	PUNCT
eltls-56623	112	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	113	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	113	2	emergency	emergency	NOUN
eltls-56623	113	3	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	113	4	followed	follow	VERB
eltls-56623	113	5	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	113	6	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	113	7	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	113	8	break	break	NOUN
eltls-56623	113	9	accommodates	accommodate	VERB
eltls-56623	113	10	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	113	11	’	’	PART
eltls-56623	113	12	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	113	13	transitions	transition	NOUN
eltls-56623	113	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	113	15	aligning	align	VERB
eltls-56623	113	16	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	113	17	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	113	18	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	113	19	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	113	20	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	113	21	reading	read	VERB
eltls-56623	113	22	habits	habit	NOUN
eltls-56623	113	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	113	24	rhythms	rhythm	NOUN
eltls-56623	113	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	114	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	114	2	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	114	3	break	break	NOUN
eltls-56623	114	4	creates	create	VERB
eltls-56623	114	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	114	6	brief	brief	ADJ
eltls-56623	114	7	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	114	8	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-56623	114	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	114	10	shifting	shift	VERB
eltls-56623	114	11	user	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	114	12	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
eltls-56623	114	13	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	114	14	screen	screen	NOUN
eltls-56623	114	15	scrolling	scroll	VERB
eltls-56623	114	16	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	114	17	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	114	18	reception	reception	NOUN
eltls-56623	114	19	mode	mode	NOUN
eltls-56623	114	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	115	1	[	[	X
eltls-56623	115	2	emoji	emoji	ADJ
eltls-56623	115	3	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	115	4	police	police	NOUN
eltls-56623	115	5	car	car	NOUN
eltls-56623	115	6	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	115	7	light	light	NOUN
eltls-56623	115	8	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	115	9	kamala	kamala	PROPN
eltls-56623	115	10	harris	harris	PROPN
eltls-56623	115	11	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	115	12	announced	announce	VERB
eltls-56623	115	13	she	she	PRON
eltls-56623	115	14	wo	will	AUX
eltls-56623	115	15	n’t	not	PART
eltls-56623	115	16	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	115	17	showing	show	VERB
eltls-56623	115	18	up	up	ADP
eltls-56623	115	19	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	115	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	115	21	presidential	presidential	ADJ
eltls-56623	115	22	induction	induction	NOUN
eltls-56623	115	23	ceremony	ceremony	NOUN
eltls-56623	115	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	116	1	following	follow	VERB
eltls-56623	116	2	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	116	3	emergency	emergency	NOUN
eltls-56623	116	4	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	116	5	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	116	6	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	116	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	116	8	main	main	ADJ
eltls-56623	116	9	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	116	10	can	can	AUX
eltls-56623	116	11	trigger	trigger	VERB
eltls-56623	116	12	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	116	13	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	116	14	sense	sense	NOUN
eltls-56623	116	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	116	16	crisis	crisis	NOUN
eltls-56623	116	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	116	18	creating	create	VERB
eltls-56623	116	19	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	116	20	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	116	21	surprise	surprise	NOUN
eltls-56623	116	22	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	116	23	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	116	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	117	1	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	117	2	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	117	3	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	117	4	rely	rely	VERB
eltls-56623	117	5	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	117	6	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	117	7	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	117	8	simulate	simulate	VERB
eltls-56623	117	9	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	117	10	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	117	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	117	12	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	117	13	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	117	14	achieve	achieve	VERB
eltls-56623	117	15	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
eltls-56623	117	16	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	117	17	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	117	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	117	19	imagery	imagery	NOUN
eltls-56623	117	20	itself	itself	PRON
eltls-56623	117	21	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	117	22	mathews	mathews	PROPN
eltls-56623	117	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	117	24	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	117	25	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	117	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	118	1	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	118	2	embedding	embed	VERB
eltls-56623	118	3	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	118	4	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	118	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	118	6	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	118	7	leverages	leverage	VERB
eltls-56623	118	8	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	118	9	resemblance	resemblance	NOUN
eltls-56623	118	10	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	118	11	force	force	VERB
eltls-56623	118	12	associations	association	NOUN
eltls-56623	118	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	118	14	similarly	similarly	ADV
eltls-56623	118	15	serving	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	118	16	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	118	17	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	ADJ
eltls-56623	118	18	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	ADJ
eltls-56623	118	19	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	ADJ
eltls-56623	118	20	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	ADJ
eltls-56623	118	21	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-56623	118	22	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	118	23	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	118	24	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	118	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	118	26	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	118	27	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	118	28	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	118	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	119	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	119	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	119	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	119	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	119	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	119	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	119	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	119	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	119	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	119	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	119	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	119	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	119	13	137	137	NUM
eltls-56623	119	14	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	119	15	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	119	16	hook	hook	NOUN
eltls-56623	119	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	120	1	2	2	X
eltls-56623	120	2	.	.	X
eltls-56623	120	3	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	120	4	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	5	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	6	regardless	regardless	ADV
eltls-56623	120	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	120	8	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	9	type	type	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	120	11	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	120	12	analysing	analyse	VERB
eltls-56623	120	13	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	14	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	15	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	120	16	where	where	SCONJ
eltls-56623	120	17	sections	section	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	18	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	120	19	defined	define	VERB
eltls-56623	120	20	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	120	21	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	22	breaks	break	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	120	24	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	25	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	120	26	new	new	ADJ
eltls-56623	120	27	lines	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	28	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	120	29	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	120	30	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	120	31	evident	evident	ADJ
eltls-56623	120	32	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	120	33	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	120	34	number	number	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	120	36	sections	section	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	37	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	120	38	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	39	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	120	40	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	120	41	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	120	42	largely	largely	ADV
eltls-56623	120	43	aligns	align	VERB
eltls-56623	120	44	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	121	1	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	121	2	total	total	NOUN
eltls-56623	121	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	121	4	114	114	NUM
eltls-56623	121	5	samples	sample	NOUN
eltls-56623	121	6	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	121	7	identical	identical	ADJ
eltls-56623	121	8	section	section	NOUN
eltls-56623	121	9	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	121	10	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	121	11	counts	count	NOUN
eltls-56623	121	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	121	13	accounting	account	VERB
eltls-56623	121	14	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	121	15	85.96	85.96	NUM
eltls-56623	121	16	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	121	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	121	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	121	19	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	121	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	122	1	only	only	ADV
eltls-56623	122	2	16	16	NUM
eltls-56623	122	3	pieces	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	122	4	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	122	5	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
eltls-56623	122	6	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	122	7	segment	segment	NOUN
eltls-56623	122	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	122	9	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	122	10	counts	count	NOUN
eltls-56623	122	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	122	12	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	122	13	12	12	NUM
eltls-56623	122	14	pieces	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	122	15	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	122	16	75.00	75.00	NUM
eltls-56623	122	17	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	122	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	122	19	those	those	PRON
eltls-56623	122	20	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	122	21	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
eltls-56623	122	22	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	122	23	showing	show	VERB
eltls-56623	122	24	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	122	25	difference	difference	NOUN
eltls-56623	122	26	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	122	27	exactly	exactly	ADV
eltls-56623	122	28	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	122	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	123	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	123	2	reflects	reflect	VERB
eltls-56623	123	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	123	4	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	5	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	123	6	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-56623	123	7	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	123	8	nature	nature	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	123	10	authors	author	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	11	predominantly	predominantly	ADV
eltls-56623	123	12	insert	insert	VERB
eltls-56623	123	13	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	123	14	blank	blank	ADJ
eltls-56623	123	15	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	16	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	123	17	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	123	18	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	19	breaks	break	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	20	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	123	21	between	between	ADP
eltls-56623	123	22	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	23	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	123	24	create	create	VERB
eltls-56623	123	25	separation	separation	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	26	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	123	27	preceding	precede	VERB
eltls-56623	123	28	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	123	30	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-56623	123	31	than	than	ADP
eltls-56623	123	32	using	use	VERB
eltls-56623	123	33	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	123	34	single	single	ADJ
eltls-56623	123	35	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	36	break	break	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	37	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	123	38	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	123	39	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	40	break	break	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	41	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	123	42	maintaining	maintain	VERB
eltls-56623	123	43	proximity	proximity	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	44	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	123	45	preceding	precede	VERB
eltls-56623	123	46	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	123	47	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	123	48	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	124	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	124	2	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
eltls-56623	124	3	reason	reason	NOUN
eltls-56623	124	4	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	124	5	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	124	6	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
eltls-56623	124	7	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	124	8	precise	precise	ADJ
eltls-56623	124	9	adaptation	adaptation	NOUN
eltls-56623	124	10	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	124	11	mobile	mobile	ADJ
eltls-56623	124	12	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	124	13	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
eltls-56623	124	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	125	1	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	125	2	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	125	3	creators	creator	NOUN
eltls-56623	125	4	cater	cater	VERB
eltls-56623	125	5	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	125	6	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	125	7	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	125	8	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	125	9	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	125	10	reading	read	VERB
eltls-56623	125	11	habits	habit	NOUN
eltls-56623	125	12	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	125	13	entice	entice	VERB
eltls-56623	125	14	continued	continued	ADJ
eltls-56623	125	15	engagement	engagement	NOUN
eltls-56623	125	16	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	125	17	narrow	narrow	ADJ
eltls-56623	125	18	screens	screen	NOUN
eltls-56623	125	19	limit	limit	VERB
eltls-56623	125	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	125	21	number	number	NOUN
eltls-56623	125	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	125	23	words	word	NOUN
eltls-56623	125	24	displayed	display	VERB
eltls-56623	125	25	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	125	26	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	125	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	126	1	if	if	SCONJ
eltls-56623	126	2	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	126	3	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	126	4	presented	present	VERB
eltls-56623	126	5	using	use	VERB
eltls-56623	126	6	traditional	traditional	ADJ
eltls-56623	126	7	methods	method	NOUN
eltls-56623	126	8	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	126	9	new	new	ADJ
eltls-56623	126	10	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	126	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	126	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	126	13	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	126	14	would	would	AUX
eltls-56623	126	15	encounter	encounter	VERB
eltls-56623	126	16	large	large	ADJ
eltls-56623	126	17	blocks	block	NOUN
eltls-56623	126	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	126	19	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	126	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	126	21	leading	lead	VERB
eltls-56623	126	22	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	126	23	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
eltls-56623	126	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	126	25	diminished	diminish	VERB
eltls-56623	126	26	motivation	motivation	NOUN
eltls-56623	126	27	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	126	28	continue	continue	VERB
eltls-56623	126	29	reading	read	VERB
eltls-56623	126	30	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	126	31	fauville	fauville	PROPN
eltls-56623	126	32	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	126	33	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	126	34	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	126	35	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	126	36	2021	2021	NUM
eltls-56623	126	37	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	126	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	127	1	however	however	ADV
eltls-56623	127	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	127	3	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	127	4	blank	blank	ADJ
eltls-56623	127	5	lines	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	127	6	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	127	7	separate	separate	VERB
eltls-56623	127	8	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	127	9	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	127	10	only	only	ADV
eltls-56623	127	11	renders	render	VERB
eltls-56623	127	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	127	13	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	127	14	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	127	15	spaced	space	VERB
eltls-56623	127	16	out	out	ADP
eltls-56623	127	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	127	18	readable	readable	ADJ
eltls-56623	127	19	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	127	20	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	127	21	alleviates	alleviate	VERB
eltls-56623	127	22	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	127	23	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	127	24	subconscious	subconscious	ADJ
eltls-56623	127	25	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	127	26	pressure	pressure	NOUN
eltls-56623	127	27	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	127	28	some	some	DET
eltls-56623	127	29	extent	extent	NOUN
eltls-56623	127	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	128	1	analysing	analyse	VERB
eltls-56623	128	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	128	3	relationship	relationship	NOUN
eltls-56623	128	4	between	between	ADP
eltls-56623	128	5	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	128	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	128	7	sentences	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	128	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	128	9	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	128	10	large	large	ADJ
eltls-56623	128	11	volume	volume	NOUN
eltls-56623	128	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	128	13	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	128	14	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	128	15	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	128	16	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	128	17	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	128	18	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	128	19	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	128	20	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	128	21	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	128	22	samples	sample	NOUN
eltls-56623	128	23	emerged	emerge	VERB
eltls-56623	128	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	128	25	meaning	mean	VERB
eltls-56623	128	26	each	each	DET
eltls-56623	128	27	natural	natural	ADJ
eltls-56623	128	28	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	128	29	contained	contain	VERB
eltls-56623	128	30	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	128	31	average	average	ADJ
eltls-56623	128	32	only	only	ADV
eltls-56623	128	33	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	128	34	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	128	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	129	1	according	accord	VERB
eltls-56623	129	2	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	129	3	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	129	4	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	129	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	129	6	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	129	7	total	total	NOUN
eltls-56623	129	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	129	9	78	78	NUM
eltls-56623	129	10	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	129	11	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	129	12	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	129	13	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	129	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	129	15	accounting	account	VERB
eltls-56623	129	16	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	129	17	68.42	68.42	NUM
eltls-56623	129	18	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	129	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	129	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	129	21	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	129	22	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	129	23	over	over	ADP
eltls-56623	129	24	half	half	NOUN
eltls-56623	129	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	130	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
eltls-56623	130	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	130	3	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	130	4	where	where	SCONJ
eltls-56623	130	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	130	6	single	single	ADJ
eltls-56623	130	7	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	130	8	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	130	9	split	split	VERB
eltls-56623	130	10	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	130	11	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	130	12	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	130	13	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	130	14	occurred	occur	VERB
eltls-56623	130	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	130	16	resulting	result	VERB
eltls-56623	130	17	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	130	18	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	130	19	where	where	SCONJ
eltls-56623	130	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	130	21	number	number	NOUN
eltls-56623	130	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	130	23	sentences	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	130	24	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	130	25	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	130	26	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	130	27	less	less	ADJ
eltls-56623	130	28	than	than	ADP
eltls-56623	130	29	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	130	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	131	1	there	there	PRON
eltls-56623	131	2	were	be	VERB
eltls-56623	131	3	11	11	NUM
eltls-56623	131	4	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	131	5	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	131	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	131	7	representing	represent	VERB
eltls-56623	131	8	19.56	19.56	NUM
eltls-56623	131	9	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	131	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	131	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	131	12	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	131	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	132	1	statistically	statistically	ADV
eltls-56623	132	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	132	3	108	108	NUM
eltls-56623	132	4	pieces	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	132	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	132	6	94.74	94.74	NUM
eltls-56623	132	7	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	132	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	132	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	132	10	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	132	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	132	12	contained	contain	VERB
eltls-56623	132	13	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	132	14	sentences	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	132	15	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	132	16	fewer	few	ADJ
eltls-56623	132	17	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	132	18	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	132	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	133	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	133	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
eltls-56623	133	3	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	133	4	over	over	ADP
eltls-56623	133	5	90	90	NUM
eltls-56623	133	6	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	133	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	133	8	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	133	9	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	133	10	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	133	11	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	133	12	feature	feature	NOUN
eltls-56623	133	13	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	133	14	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	133	15	no	no	DET
eltls-56623	133	16	more	more	ADJ
eltls-56623	133	17	than	than	ADP
eltls-56623	133	18	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	133	19	sentences	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	133	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	134	1	compared	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	134	2	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	134	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	134	4	traditional	traditional	ADJ
eltls-56623	134	5	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	134	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	134	7	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	134	8	few	few	ADJ
eltls-56623	134	9	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	134	10	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	134	11	many	many	ADJ
eltls-56623	134	12	sentences	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	134	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	134	14	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	134	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	134	16	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	134	17	few	few	ADJ
eltls-56623	134	18	sentences	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	134	19	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	134	20	many	many	ADJ
eltls-56623	134	21	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	134	22	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	134	23	pattern	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	134	24	allows	allow	VERB
eltls-56623	134	25	authors	author	NOUN
eltls-56623	134	26	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	134	27	fragment	fragment	VERB
eltls-56623	134	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	134	29	disperse	disperse	VERB
eltls-56623	134	30	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	134	31	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	134	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	135	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	135	2	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	135	3	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	135	4	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-56623	135	5	presents	present	NOUN
eltls-56623	135	6	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	135	7	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	135	8	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	135	9	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	135	10	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	135	11	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	135	12	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	135	13	less	less	ADV
eltls-56623	135	14	demanding	demanding	ADJ
eltls-56623	135	15	manner	manner	NOUN
eltls-56623	135	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	135	17	lowering	lower	VERB
eltls-56623	135	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	135	19	threshold	threshold	NOUN
eltls-56623	135	20	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	135	21	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	135	22	reception	reception	NOUN
eltls-56623	135	23	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	135	24	stieglitz	stieglitz	PROPN
eltls-56623	135	25	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	135	26	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	135	27	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	135	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	135	29	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	135	30	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	135	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	136	1	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	136	2	easily	easily	ADV
eltls-56623	136	3	capturing	capture	VERB
eltls-56623	136	4	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	136	5	’	’	PART
eltls-56623	136	6	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	136	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	136	8	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	136	9	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	136	10	accessible	accessible	ADJ
eltls-56623	136	11	format	format	NOUN
eltls-56623	136	12	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	136	13	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
eltls-56623	136	14	sharing	sharing	NOUN
eltls-56623	136	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	136	16	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	136	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	137	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	137	2	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	137	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	137	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	137	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	137	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	137	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	137	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	137	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	138	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	138	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	138	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	138	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	138	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	138	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	138	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	138	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	138	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	138	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	138	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	138	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	138	13	138	138	NUM
eltls-56623	138	14	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	138	15	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	138	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	139	1	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
eltls-56623	139	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	139	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	139	4	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	139	5	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	139	6	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	139	7	corpora	corpora	PROPN
eltls-56623	139	8	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	139	9	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	139	10	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	139	11	us	us	PROPN
eltls-56623	139	12	vice	vice	NOUN
eltls-56623	139	13	president	president	PROPN
eltls-56623	139	14	kamala	kamala	PROPN
eltls-56623	139	15	harris	harris	PROPN
eltls-56623	139	16	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	139	17	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	139	18	our	our	PRON
eltls-56623	139	19	support	support	NOUN
eltls-56623	139	20	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	139	21	israel	israel	PROPN
eltls-56623	139	22	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	139	23	continue	continue	VERB
eltls-56623	139	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	139	25	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	140	1	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	140	2	citing	cite	VERB
eltls-56623	140	3	statements	statement	NOUN
eltls-56623	140	4	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	140	5	authoritative	authoritative	ADJ
eltls-56623	140	6	figures	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	140	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	140	8	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	140	9	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	140	10	maker	maker	NOUN
eltls-56623	140	11	often	often	ADV
eltls-56623	140	12	favour	favour	VERB
eltls-56623	140	13	separating	separate	VERB
eltls-56623	140	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	140	15	speaker	speaker	NOUN
eltls-56623	140	16	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	140	17	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	140	18	quoted	quote	VERB
eltls-56623	140	19	remark	remark	NOUN
eltls-56623	140	20	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	140	21	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	140	22	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	140	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	141	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	141	2	segmentation	segmentation	NOUN
eltls-56623	141	3	creates	create	VERB
eltls-56623	141	4	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	141	5	dual	dual	ADJ
eltls-56623	141	6	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-56623	141	7	effect	effect	NOUN
eltls-56623	141	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	142	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	142	2	first	first	ADJ
eltls-56623	142	3	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	142	4	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	142	5	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	142	6	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-56623	142	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	142	8	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	142	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	142	10	reader	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	142	11	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	142	12	gaze	gaze	NOUN
eltls-56623	142	13	lingers	linger	VERB
eltls-56623	142	14	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	142	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	142	16	speaker	speaker	NOUN
eltls-56623	142	17	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	142	18	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	142	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	142	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	142	21	brain	brain	NOUN
eltls-56623	142	22	implicitly	implicitly	ADV
eltls-56623	142	23	registers	register	VERB
eltls-56623	142	24	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	142	25	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	142	26	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	142	27	signal	signal	NOUN
eltls-56623	142	28	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	142	29	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	142	30	authoritative	authoritative	ADJ
eltls-56623	142	31	endorsement	endorsement	NOUN
eltls-56623	142	32	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	142	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	143	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	143	2	second	second	NOUN
eltls-56623	143	3	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	143	4	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	143	5	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	143	6	pause	pause	NOUN
eltls-56623	143	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	143	8	upon	upon	SCONJ
eltls-56623	143	9	encountering	encounter	VERB
eltls-56623	143	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	143	11	extra	extra	ADJ
eltls-56623	143	12	blank	blank	ADJ
eltls-56623	143	13	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	143	14	preceding	precede	VERB
eltls-56623	143	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	143	16	quotation	quotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	143	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	143	18	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	143	19	unconsciously	unconsciously	ADV
eltls-56623	143	20	prepare	prepare	VERB
eltls-56623	143	21	themselves	themselves	PRON
eltls-56623	143	22	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	143	23	receive	receive	VERB
eltls-56623	143	24	new	new	ADJ
eltls-56623	143	25	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	143	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	143	27	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	143	28	mitigating	mitigate	VERB
eltls-56623	143	29	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	143	30	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
eltls-56623	143	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	144	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	144	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	144	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	144	4	apparently	apparently	ADV
eltls-56623	144	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	144	6	white	white	PROPN
eltls-56623	144	7	house	house	PROPN
eltls-56623	144	8	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	144	9	changing	change	VERB
eltls-56623	144	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	144	11	definition	definition	NOUN
eltls-56623	144	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	144	13	recession	recession	NOUN
eltls-56623	144	14	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	144	15	week	week	NOUN
eltls-56623	144	16	so	so	SCONJ
eltls-56623	144	17	we	we	PRON
eltls-56623	144	18	can	can	AUX
eltls-56623	144	19	pretend	pretend	VERB
eltls-56623	144	20	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	144	21	we	we	PRON
eltls-56623	144	22	’re	’re	VERB
eltls-56623	144	23	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	144	24	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	144	25	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	144	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	145	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	145	2	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	145	3	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	145	4	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	145	5	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	145	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	145	7	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	145	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	145	9	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	145	10	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	145	11	format	format	NOUN
eltls-56623	145	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	145	13	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	145	14	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	145	15	holds	hold	VERB
eltls-56623	145	16	distinct	distinct	ADJ
eltls-56623	145	17	advantages	advantage	NOUN
eltls-56623	145	18	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	145	19	disseminating	disseminate	VERB
eltls-56623	145	20	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	145	21	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	145	22	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	145	23	low	low	ADJ
eltls-56623	145	24	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	145	25	cost	cost	NOUN
eltls-56623	145	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	145	27	high	high	ADJ
eltls-56623	145	28	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	145	29	density	density	NOUN
eltls-56623	145	30	make	make	VERB
eltls-56623	145	31	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	145	32	both	both	CCONJ
eltls-56623	145	33	easily	easily	ADV
eltls-56623	145	34	comprehensible	comprehensible	ADJ
eltls-56623	145	35	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	145	36	readily	readily	ADV
eltls-56623	145	37	shareable	shareable	ADJ
eltls-56623	145	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	146	1	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	146	2	only	only	ADV
eltls-56623	146	3	does	do	AUX
eltls-56623	146	4	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	146	5	minimise	minimise	VERB
eltls-56623	146	6	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	146	7	effort	effort	NOUN
eltls-56623	146	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	146	9	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	146	10	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	146	11	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	146	12	maximises	maximise	VERB
eltls-56623	146	13	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	146	14	density	density	NOUN
eltls-56623	146	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	147	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	147	2	inherently	inherently	ADV
eltls-56623	147	3	eye	eye	NOUN
eltls-56623	147	4	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	147	5	catching	catch	VERB
eltls-56623	147	6	quality	quality	NOUN
eltls-56623	147	7	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	147	8	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	147	9	media	media	NOUN
eltls-56623	147	10	feeds	feed	VERB
eltls-56623	147	11	means	mean	VERB
eltls-56623	147	12	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	147	13	shorter	short	ADJ
eltls-56623	147	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	147	15	simpler	simple	ADJ
eltls-56623	147	16	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	147	17	delay	delay	NOUN
eltls-56623	147	18	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	147	19	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	147	20	critical	critical	ADJ
eltls-56623	147	21	thinking	thinking	NOUN
eltls-56623	147	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	147	23	judgement	judgement	NOUN
eltls-56623	147	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	147	25	making	make	VERB
eltls-56623	147	26	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	147	27	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-56623	147	28	susceptible	susceptible	ADJ
eltls-56623	147	29	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	147	30	viral	viral	ADJ
eltls-56623	147	31	propagation	propagation	NOUN
eltls-56623	147	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	148	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	148	2	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	148	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	148	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	148	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	148	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	148	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	148	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	148	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	149	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	149	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	149	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	149	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	149	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	149	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	149	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	149	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	149	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	149	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	149	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	149	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	149	13	139	139	NUM
eltls-56623	149	14	4.1.2	4.1.2	NUM
eltls-56623	149	15	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	149	16	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	149	17	change	change	NOUN
eltls-56623	149	18	behind	behind	ADP
eltls-56623	149	19	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	149	20	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	149	21	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
eltls-56623	149	22	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	149	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	149	24	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	149	25	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	149	26	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	149	27	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	149	28	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	149	29	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	149	30	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	149	31	undergone	undergo	VERB
eltls-56623	149	32	certain	certain	ADJ
eltls-56623	149	33	changes	change	NOUN
eltls-56623	149	34	over	over	ADP
eltls-56623	149	35	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	149	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	150	1	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	150	2	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
eltls-56623	150	3	comparison	comparison	NOUN
eltls-56623	150	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	150	5	we	we	PRON
eltls-56623	150	6	conducted	conduct	VERB
eltls-56623	150	7	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	150	8	comparative	comparative	ADJ
eltls-56623	150	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	150	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	150	11	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	150	12	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	150	13	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	150	14	different	different	ADJ
eltls-56623	150	15	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	150	16	periods	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	150	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	151	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	151	2	examining	examine	VERB
eltls-56623	151	3	annual	annual	ADJ
eltls-56623	151	4	samples	sample	NOUN
eltls-56623	151	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	151	6	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	151	7	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	151	8	typical	typical	ADJ
eltls-56623	151	9	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	151	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	151	11	change	change	NOUN
eltls-56623	151	12	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	151	13	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	151	14	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	151	15	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	151	16	found	find	VERB
eltls-56623	151	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	1	1	1	X
eltls-56623	152	2	.	.	X
eltls-56623	152	3	polarisation	polarisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	152	5	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	7	using	using	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	8	based	base	VERB
eltls-56623	152	9	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	152	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	152	11	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	12	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	152	13	ghazi	ghazi	PROPN
eltls-56623	152	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	15	2016	2016	NUM
eltls-56623	152	16	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	18	haralambous	haralambous	ADJ
eltls-56623	152	19	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	20	2021	2021	NUM
eltls-56623	152	21	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	23	koutsoumpis	koutsoumpis	X
eltls-56623	152	24	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	25	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	152	26	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	28	under	under	ADP
eltls-56623	152	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	152	30	connotations	connotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	31	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	152	32	functions	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	33	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	152	34	different	different	ADJ
eltls-56623	152	35	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	36	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	37	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	38	they	they	PRON
eltls-56623	152	39	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	152	40	categorised	categorise	VERB
eltls-56623	152	41	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	152	42	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	152	43	types	type	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	44	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	45	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	152	46	comprising	comprise	VERB
eltls-56623	152	47	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
eltls-56623	152	48	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	49	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	50	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	51	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	52	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	152	53	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	152	54	commas	comma	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	55	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	152	56	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	152	57	stops	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	58	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	59	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	152	60	other	other	ADJ
eltls-56623	152	61	consisting	consist	VERB
eltls-56623	152	62	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	152	63	emotive	emotive	ADJ
eltls-56623	152	64	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	65	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	152	66	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	67	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	68	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	152	69	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	70	like	like	ADP
eltls-56623	152	71	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	72	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	73	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	152	74	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	75	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	152	76	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	1	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
eltls-56623	153	2	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	4	colon	colon	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	6	explaining	explain	VERB
eltls-56623	153	7	preceding	precede	VERB
eltls-56623	153	8	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	9	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	11	hyphen	hyphen	ADV
eltls-56623	153	12	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	13	linking	link	VERB
eltls-56623	153	14	disparate	disparate	ADJ
eltls-56623	153	15	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	16	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	18	comma	comma	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	19	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	20	separating	separate	VERB
eltls-56623	153	21	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	153	22	series	series	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	23	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	153	24	items	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	25	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	153	26	phrases	phrase	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	27	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	29	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	153	30	stop	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	31	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	32	denoting	denote	VERB
eltls-56623	153	33	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	153	34	end	end	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	153	36	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	153	37	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	153	38	exclamatory	exclamatory	ADJ
eltls-56623	153	39	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	153	40	interrogative	interrogative	ADJ
eltls-56623	153	41	sentences	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	42	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	43	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	44	slash	slash	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	45	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	46	parentheses	parenthesis	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	47	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	48	indicating	indicate	VERB
eltls-56623	153	49	supplementary	supplementary	ADJ
eltls-56623	153	50	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	51	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	52	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	53	dash	dash	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	54	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	55	inserting	insert	VERB
eltls-56623	153	56	pertinent	pertinent	ADJ
eltls-56623	153	57	details	detail	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	58	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	59	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	60	ellipsis	ellipsis	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	61	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	62	representing	represent	VERB
eltls-56623	153	63	omitted	omit	VERB
eltls-56623	153	64	words	word	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	65	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	153	66	sentences	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	67	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	153	68	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	153	69	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	153	70	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	153	71	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	1	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	154	2	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	4	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	5	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	6	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	7	indicating	indicate	VERB
eltls-56623	154	8	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	9	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	11	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	12	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	13	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	14	indicating	indicate	VERB
eltls-56623	154	15	interrogation	interrogation	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	16	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	18	double	double	ADJ
eltls-56623	154	19	quotation	quotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	20	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	21	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	22	denoting	denote	VERB
eltls-56623	154	23	quotation	quotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	24	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	154	25	irony	irony	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	26	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	28	single	single	ADJ
eltls-56623	154	29	quotation	quotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	30	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	31	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	32	denoting	denote	VERB
eltls-56623	154	33	quotation	quotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	34	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	154	35	intensifying	intensify	VERB
eltls-56623	154	36	tone	tone	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	37	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	39	tilde	tilde	INTJ
eltls-56623	154	40	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	41	intensifying	intensify	VERB
eltls-56623	154	42	tone	tone	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	43	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	44	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	45	asterisk	asterisk	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	46	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	47	drawing	draw	VERB
eltls-56623	154	48	reader	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	49	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	154	50	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	154	51	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	154	52	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	155	1	excluding	exclude	VERB
eltls-56623	155	2	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	3	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	155	4	constituting	constitute	VERB
eltls-56623	155	5	part	part	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	155	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	155	8	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	9	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	10	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	155	11	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	155	12	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	155	13	single	single	ADJ
eltls-56623	155	14	quotation	quotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	15	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	16	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	155	17	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	155	18	stops	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	19	arising	arise	VERB
eltls-56623	155	20	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	155	21	word	word	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	22	abbreviations	abbreviation	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	155	24	hyphens	hyphen	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	25	inherent	inherent	ADJ
eltls-56623	155	26	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	155	27	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	155	28	words	word	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	155	30	colons	colon	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	31	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	155	32	commas	comma	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	33	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	155	34	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	35	dates	date	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	36	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	155	37	categorisation	categorisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	38	yields	yield	VERB
eltls-56623	155	39	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	155	40	total	total	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	41	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	155	42	509	509	NUM
eltls-56623	155	43	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	44	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	45	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	155	46	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	155	47	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	155	48	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	156	1	according	accord	VERB
eltls-56623	156	2	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	156	3	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	156	4	3	3	NUM
eltls-56623	156	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	156	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	156	7	ratio	ratio	NOUN
eltls-56623	156	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	156	9	foundational	foundational	ADJ
eltls-56623	156	10	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	156	11	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	156	12	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	156	13	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	156	14	stands	stand	VERB
eltls-56623	156	15	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	156	16	345：164	345：164	PROPN
eltls-56623	156	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	157	1	changes	change	NOUN
eltls-56623	157	2	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	157	3	different	different	ADJ
eltls-56623	157	4	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	157	5	periods	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	157	6	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	157	7	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-56623	157	8	follows	follow	VERB
eltls-56623	157	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	157	10	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	157	11	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	157	12	79	79	NUM
eltls-56623	157	13	total	total	ADJ
eltls-56623	157	14	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	157	15	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	157	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	157	17	ratio	ratio	NOUN
eltls-56623	157	18	67：12	67：12	NUM
eltls-56623	157	19	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	157	20	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	157	21	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	157	22	73	73	NUM
eltls-56623	157	23	total	total	ADJ
eltls-56623	157	24	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	157	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	157	26	ratio	ratio	NOUN
eltls-56623	157	27	46:27	46:27	NUM
eltls-56623	157	28	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	157	29	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	157	30	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	157	31	357	357	NUM
eltls-56623	157	32	total	total	ADJ
eltls-56623	157	33	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	157	34	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	157	35	ratio	ratio	NOUN
eltls-56623	157	36	232：125	232：125	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	158	2	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	3	indicates	indicate	VERB
eltls-56623	158	4	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	158	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	158	6	proportion	proportion	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	158	8	foundational	foundational	ADJ
eltls-56623	158	9	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	10	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	158	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	158	12	total	total	ADJ
eltls-56623	158	13	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	14	count	count	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	15	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	158	16	generally	generally	ADV
eltls-56623	158	17	declined	decline	VERB
eltls-56623	158	18	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	158	19	84.81	84.81	NUM
eltls-56623	158	20	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	21	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	158	22	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	158	23	→	→	SYM
eltls-56623	158	24	63.01	63.01	NUM
eltls-56623	158	25	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	26	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	158	27	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	158	28	→	→	SYM
eltls-56623	158	29	64.99	64.99	NUM
eltls-56623	158	30	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	31	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	158	32	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	158	33	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	158	34	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	158	35	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	158	36	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	158	37	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	38	surged	surge	VERB
eltls-56623	158	39	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	158	40	nearly	nearly	ADV
eltls-56623	158	41	2.5	2.5	NUM
eltls-56623	158	42	times	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	43	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	158	44	15.00	15.00	NUM
eltls-56623	158	45	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	46	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	158	47	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	158	48	→	→	SYM
eltls-56623	158	49	37.00	37.00	NUM
eltls-56623	158	50	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	51	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	158	52	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	158	53	→	→	SYM
eltls-56623	158	54	35.00	35.00	NUM
eltls-56623	158	55	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	158	56	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	158	57	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	158	58	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	158	59	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	159	1	figure	figure	VERB
eltls-56623	159	2	3	3	NUM
eltls-56623	159	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	160	1	annual	annual	ADJ
eltls-56623	160	2	proportion	proportion	NOUN
eltls-56623	160	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	160	4	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	160	5	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	160	6	types	type	NOUN
eltls-56623	160	7	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltl	VERB
eltls-56623	160	8	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	160	9	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	160	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	160	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	160	12	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	160	13	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	160	14	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	160	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	161	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	161	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	161	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	161	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	161	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	161	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	161	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	161	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	161	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	161	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	161	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	161	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	161	13	140	140	NUM
eltls-56623	161	14	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	161	15	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	161	16	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	161	17	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	161	18	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	161	19	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
eltls-56623	161	20	tools	tool	NOUN
eltls-56623	161	21	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	161	22	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	161	23	carriers	carrier	NOUN
eltls-56623	161	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	161	25	emotion	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	161	26	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	161	27	albritton	albritton	NOUN
eltls-56623	161	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	161	29	2017	2017	NUM
eltls-56623	161	30	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	161	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	162	1	foundational	foundational	ADJ
eltls-56623	162	2	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	162	3	maintain	maintain	VERB
eltls-56623	162	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	162	5	logical	logical	ADJ
eltls-56623	162	6	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	162	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	162	8	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	162	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	162	10	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	162	11	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	162	12	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	162	13	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	162	14	manipulate	manipulate	VERB
eltls-56623	162	15	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
eltls-56623	162	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	163	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	163	2	high	high	ADJ
eltls-56623	163	3	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-56623	163	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	163	5	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	163	6	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	163	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	163	8	combined	combine	VERB
eltls-56623	163	9	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	163	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	163	11	urgent	urgent	ADJ
eltls-56623	163	12	opening	opening	NOUN
eltls-56623	163	13	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	163	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	163	15	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	163	16	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	163	17	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	163	18	characteristic	characteristic	ADJ
eltls-56623	163	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	163	20	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	163	21	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	163	22	accelerating	accelerate	VERB
eltls-56623	163	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	163	24	spread	spread	NOUN
eltls-56623	163	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	163	26	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	163	27	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	163	28	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	163	29	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	163	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	164	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	164	2	shift	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	3	stems	stem	VERB
eltls-56623	164	4	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	164	5	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	164	6	underlying	underlie	VERB
eltls-56623	164	7	drivers	driver	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	164	9	firstly	firstly	ADV
eltls-56623	164	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	164	11	adapting	adapt	VERB
eltls-56623	164	12	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	164	13	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	164	14	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	15	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	16	habits	habit	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	164	18	where	where	SCONJ
eltls-56623	164	19	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	164	20	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	21	demand	demand	VERB
eltls-56623	164	22	stronger	strong	ADJ
eltls-56623	164	23	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	164	24	carriers	carrier	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	25	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	164	26	secondly	secondly	ADV
eltls-56623	164	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	164	28	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	164	29	focus	focus	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	30	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	164	31	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	32	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	164	33	shifting	shift	VERB
eltls-56623	164	34	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	164	35	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	164	36	masquerading	masquerade	VERB
eltls-56623	164	37	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	164	38	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	39	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	164	40	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	164	41	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	164	42	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	164	43	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	44	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	164	45	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	164	46	attempting	attempt	VERB
eltls-56623	164	47	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	164	48	replace	replace	VERB
eltls-56623	164	49	argumentation	argumentation	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	50	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	164	51	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	164	52	violence	violence	NOUN
eltls-56623	164	53	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	165	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	165	2	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	165	3	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	165	4	difficult	difficult	ADJ
eltls-56623	165	5	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	165	6	imagine	imagine	VERB
eltls-56623	165	7	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	165	8	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-56623	165	9	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	165	10	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	165	11	routinely	routinely	ADV
eltls-56623	165	12	replace	replace	VERB
eltls-56623	165	13	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	165	14	stops	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	165	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	165	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	165	17	public	public	NOUN
eltls-56623	165	18	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	165	19	threshold	threshold	NOUN
eltls-56623	165	20	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	165	21	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	165	22	stimulation	stimulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	165	23	continually	continually	ADV
eltls-56623	165	24	rises	rise	VERB
eltls-56623	165	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	165	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	165	27	space	space	NOUN
eltls-56623	165	28	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	165	29	rational	rational	ADJ
eltls-56623	165	30	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	165	31	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	165	32	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	165	33	infinitely	infinitely	ADV
eltls-56623	165	34	compressed	compress	VERB
eltls-56623	165	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	166	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	166	2	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	166	3	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	166	4	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	166	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	166	6	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	166	7	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
eltls-56623	166	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	166	9	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	166	10	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	166	11	signal	signal	NOUN
eltls-56623	166	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	166	13	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	166	14	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	166	15	crisis	crisis	NOUN
eltls-56623	166	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	167	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	167	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	167	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	167	4	can	can	AUX
eltls-56623	167	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	167	6	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	167	7	please	please	INTJ
eltls-56623	167	8	stop	stop	VERB
eltls-56623	167	9	saying	say	VERB
eltls-56623	167	10	tonight	tonight	NOUN
eltls-56623	167	11	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	167	12	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	167	13	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	167	14	win	win	NOUN
eltls-56623	167	15	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	167	16	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	167	17	donald	donald	PROPN
eltls-56623	167	18	trump	trump	NOUN
eltls-56623	167	19	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-56623	168	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	168	2	...	...	PUNCT
eltls-56623	168	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	168	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	168	5	reduction	reduction	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	6	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	168	7	foundational	foundational	ADJ
eltls-56623	168	8	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	9	reflects	reflect	VERB
eltls-56623	168	10	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	168	11	shift	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	12	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	168	13	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	168	14	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	15	where	where	SCONJ
eltls-56623	168	16	logical	logical	ADJ
eltls-56623	168	17	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	18	yields	yield	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	19	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	168	20	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	168	21	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	168	23	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	168	24	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	168	25	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	26	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	168	27	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	168	28	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	29	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	168	30	serves	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	168	31	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	168	32	objectives	objective	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	33	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	168	34	thought	think	VERB
eltls-56623	168	35	interruption	interruption	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	36	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	168	37	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	38	guidance	guidance	NOUN
eltls-56623	168	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	169	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	169	2	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	169	3	piece	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	169	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	169	5	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	169	6	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	169	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	169	8	interrogative	interrogative	ADJ
eltls-56623	169	9	sentences	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	169	10	prefixed	prefix	VERB
eltls-56623	169	11	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	169	12	double	double	ADJ
eltls-56623	169	13	quotation	quotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	169	14	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	169	15	amplify	amplify	VERB
eltls-56623	169	16	irony	irony	NOUN
eltls-56623	169	17	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	169	18	manufacture	manufacture	VERB
eltls-56623	169	19	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	169	20	urgency	urgency	NOUN
eltls-56623	169	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	169	22	attracting	attract	VERB
eltls-56623	169	23	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	169	24	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	169	25	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	169	26	same	same	ADJ
eltls-56623	169	27	ideological	ideological	ADJ
eltls-56623	169	28	camp	camp	NOUN
eltls-56623	169	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	170	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	170	2	interrupts	interrupt	VERB
eltls-56623	170	3	deep	deep	ADJ
eltls-56623	170	4	critical	critical	ADJ
eltls-56623	170	5	thinking	thinking	NOUN
eltls-56623	170	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	170	7	inducing	induce	VERB
eltls-56623	170	8	continued	continued	ADJ
eltls-56623	170	9	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	170	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	170	11	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	170	12	actions	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	170	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	171	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	171	2	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	171	3	among	among	ADP
eltls-56623	171	4	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	171	5	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	171	6	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	171	7	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	171	8	producers	producer	NOUN
eltls-56623	171	9	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	171	10	compress	compress	VERB
eltls-56623	171	11	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	171	12	density	density	NOUN
eltls-56623	171	13	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	171	14	transformed	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	171	15	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	171	16	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	171	17	purely	purely	ADV
eltls-56623	171	18	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
eltls-56623	171	19	tools	tool	NOUN
eltls-56623	171	20	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	171	21	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	171	22	carriers	carrier	NOUN
eltls-56623	171	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	171	24	resulting	result	VERB
eltls-56623	171	25	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	171	26	polarised	polarised	ADJ
eltls-56623	171	27	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	171	28	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-56623	171	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	172	1	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	172	2	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	172	3	hand	hand	NOUN
eltls-56623	172	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	172	5	according	accord	VERB
eltls-56623	172	6	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	172	7	figure	figure	VERB
eltls-56623	172	8	4	4	NUM
eltls-56623	172	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	172	10	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	172	11	pronounced	pronounced	ADJ
eltls-56623	172	12	shift	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	172	13	among	among	ADP
eltls-56623	172	14	foundational	foundational	ADJ
eltls-56623	172	15	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	172	16	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	172	17	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	172	18	steep	steep	ADJ
eltls-56623	172	19	decline	decline	NOUN
eltls-56623	172	20	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	172	21	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	172	22	stop	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	172	23	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-56623	172	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	172	25	deliberately	deliberately	ADV
eltls-56623	172	26	blurring	blur	VERB
eltls-56623	172	27	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	172	28	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
eltls-56623	172	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	173	1	superficially	superficially	ADV
eltls-56623	173	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	173	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	173	4	period	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	173	5	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	173	6	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-56623	173	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	173	8	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	173	9	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	173	10	dropped	drop	VERB
eltls-56623	173	11	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	173	12	1.4	1.4	NUM
eltls-56623	173	13	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	173	14	item	item	NOUN
eltls-56623	173	15	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	173	16	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	173	17	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	173	18	0.9	0.9	NUM
eltls-56623	173	19	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	173	20	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	173	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	173	22	then	then	ADV
eltls-56623	173	23	rebounded	rebound	VERB
eltls-56623	173	24	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	173	25	2.1	2.1	NUM
eltls-56623	173	26	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	173	27	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	173	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	174	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	174	2	might	might	AUX
eltls-56623	174	3	appear	appear	VERB
eltls-56623	174	4	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	174	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	174	6	slight	slight	ADJ
eltls-56623	174	7	lapse	lapse	NOUN
eltls-56623	174	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	174	9	standardisation	standardisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	174	10	followed	follow	VERB
eltls-56623	174	11	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	174	12	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	174	13	return	return	NOUN
eltls-56623	174	14	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	174	15	proper	proper	ADJ
eltls-56623	174	16	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	174	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	174	18	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	174	19	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	174	20	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	174	21	misleading	misleading	ADJ
eltls-56623	174	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	175	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	175	2	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	175	3	corpus	corpu	NOUN
eltls-56623	175	4	comprised	comprise	VERB
eltls-56623	175	5	3,293	3,293	NUM
eltls-56623	175	6	characters	character	NOUN
eltls-56623	175	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	175	8	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	175	9	had	have	VERB
eltls-56623	175	10	2,727	2,727	NUM
eltls-56623	175	11	characters	character	NOUN
eltls-56623	175	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	175	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	175	14	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	175	15	contained	contain	VERB
eltls-56623	175	16	11,972	11,972	NUM
eltls-56623	175	17	characters	character	NOUN
eltls-56623	175	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	176	1	after	after	ADP
eltls-56623	176	2	conversion	conversion	NOUN
eltls-56623	176	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	176	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	176	5	period	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	176	6	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-56623	176	7	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	176	8	hundred	hundred	NUM
eltls-56623	176	9	characters	character	NOUN
eltls-56623	176	10	decreased	decrease	VERB
eltls-56623	176	11	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	176	12	1.21	1.21	NUM
eltls-56623	176	13	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	176	14	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	176	15	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	176	16	0.98	0.98	NUM
eltls-56623	176	17	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	176	18	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	176	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	176	20	indicating	indicate	VERB
eltls-56623	176	21	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	176	22	clear	clear	ADJ
eltls-56623	176	23	downward	downward	ADJ
eltls-56623	176	24	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	176	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	177	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	177	2	due	due	ADP
eltls-56623	177	3	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	177	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	177	5	influence	influence	NOUN
eltls-56623	177	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	177	7	colloquial	colloquial	ADJ
eltls-56623	177	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	177	9	authoritative	authoritative	ADJ
eltls-56623	177	10	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	177	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	177	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	177	13	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	177	14	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	177	15	saw	see	VERB
eltls-56623	177	16	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	177	17	marginal	marginal	ADJ
eltls-56623	177	18	increase	increase	NOUN
eltls-56623	177	19	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	177	20	0.02	0.02	NUM
eltls-56623	177	21	compared	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	177	22	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	177	23	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	177	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	177	25	which	which	PRON
eltls-56623	177	26	does	do	AUX
eltls-56623	177	27	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	177	28	affect	affect	VERB
eltls-56623	177	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	177	30	overall	overall	ADJ
eltls-56623	177	31	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	177	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	177	33	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	177	34	stop	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	177	35	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-56623	177	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	177	37	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	178	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	178	2	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	178	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	178	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	178	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	178	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	178	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	178	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	178	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	179	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	179	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	179	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	179	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	179	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	179	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	179	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	179	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	179	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	179	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	179	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	179	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	179	13	141	141	NUM
eltls-56623	179	14	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	179	15	4	4	NUM
eltls-56623	179	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	180	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	180	3	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	180	4	stop	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	5	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	6	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	180	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	180	8	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	9	further	far	ADV
eltls-56623	180	10	refinement	refinement	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	180	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	180	13	statistics	statistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	14	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	180	15	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	16	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	180	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	180	18	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	180	19	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	180	20	corpora	corpora	AUX
eltls-56623	180	21	exhibiting	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	180	22	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	180	23	feature	feature	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	180	25	missing	miss	VERB
eltls-56623	180	26	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	180	27	stops	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	28	comprised	comprise	VERB
eltls-56623	180	29	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	180	30	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	31	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	180	32	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	180	33	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	180	34	11	11	NUM
eltls-56623	180	35	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	36	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	180	37	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	180	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	180	39	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	180	40	20	20	NUM
eltls-56623	180	41	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	42	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	180	43	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	180	44	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	180	45	totally	totally	ADV
eltls-56623	180	46	33	33	NUM
eltls-56623	180	47	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	48	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	180	49	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	180	50	number	number	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	51	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	180	52	missing	miss	VERB
eltls-56623	180	53	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	180	54	stops	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	55	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	180	56	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	180	57	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	58	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	180	59	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	180	60	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	180	61	averaging	average	VERB
eltls-56623	180	62	1.00	1.00	NUM
eltls-56623	180	63	omission	omission	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	64	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	180	65	piece	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	66	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	180	67	12	12	NUM
eltls-56623	180	68	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	69	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	180	70	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	180	71	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	180	72	averaging	average	VERB
eltls-56623	180	73	1.09	1.09	NUM
eltls-56623	180	74	omissions	omission	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	75	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	180	76	piece	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	77	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	180	78	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	180	79	30	30	NUM
eltls-56623	180	80	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	81	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	180	82	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	180	83	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	180	84	averaging	average	VERB
eltls-56623	180	85	1.50	1.50	NUM
eltls-56623	180	86	omissions	omission	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	87	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	180	88	piece	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	180	89	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	181	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	181	2	clearly	clearly	ADV
eltls-56623	181	3	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-56623	181	4	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	181	5	observable	observable	ADJ
eltls-56623	181	6	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	181	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	181	8	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	181	9	stop	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	181	10	omission	omission	NOUN
eltls-56623	181	11	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	181	12	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	181	13	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	181	14	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	181	15	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	181	16	circulating	circulate	VERB
eltls-56623	181	17	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	181	18	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	181	19	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	181	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	182	1	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	182	2	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	182	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	183	1	statistics	statistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	183	2	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	183	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	183	4	disappearance	disappearance	NOUN
eltls-56623	183	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	183	6	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	183	7	stops	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	183	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	183	9	disappearance	disappearance	NOUN
eltls-56623	183	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	183	11	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	183	12	stops	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	183	13	may	may	AUX
eltls-56623	183	14	appear	appear	VERB
eltls-56623	183	15	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	183	16	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	183	17	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	183	18	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	183	19	matter	matter	NOUN
eltls-56623	183	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	183	21	writing	write	VERB
eltls-56623	183	22	conventions	convention	NOUN
eltls-56623	183	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	183	24	yet	yet	CCONJ
eltls-56623	183	25	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	183	26	conceals	conceal	VERB
eltls-56623	183	27	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	183	28	deeper	deep	ADJ
eltls-56623	183	29	significance	significance	NOUN
eltls-56623	183	30	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	183	31	clarisse	clarisse	NOUN
eltls-56623	183	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	183	33	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	183	34	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	183	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	184	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	184	2	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	184	3	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
eltls-56623	184	4	driving	driving	NOUN
eltls-56623	184	5	force	force	NOUN
eltls-56623	184	6	lies	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	184	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	184	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	184	9	covert	covert	ADJ
eltls-56623	184	10	influence	influence	NOUN
eltls-56623	184	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	184	12	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	184	13	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	184	14	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	184	15	stylistic	stylistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	184	16	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	184	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	185	1	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	185	2	enhance	enhance	VERB
eltls-56623	185	3	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	185	4	power	power	NOUN
eltls-56623	185	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	185	6	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	185	7	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	185	8	deliberately	deliberately	ADV
eltls-56623	185	9	mimics	mimic	VERB
eltls-56623	185	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	185	11	fluidity	fluidity	NOUN
eltls-56623	185	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	185	13	spoken	spoken	ADJ
eltls-56623	185	14	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	185	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	185	16	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	185	17	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	185	18	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	185	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	185	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	185	21	omission	omission	NOUN
eltls-56623	185	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	185	23	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	185	24	stops	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	185	25	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	185	26	create	create	VERB
eltls-56623	185	27	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	185	28	illusion	illusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	185	29	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	185	30	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	185	31	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	185	32	uninterrupted	uninterrupted	ADJ
eltls-56623	185	33	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	185	34	stream	stream	NOUN
eltls-56623	185	35	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	185	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	186	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	186	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	186	4	joe	joe	PROPN
eltls-56623	186	5	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	186	6	just	just	ADV
eltls-56623	186	7	fell	fall	VERB
eltls-56623	186	8	asleep	asleep	ADJ
eltls-56623	186	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	186	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	186	11	middle	middle	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	186	13	his	his	PRON
eltls-56623	186	14	meeting	meeting	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	15	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	186	16	victims	victim	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	186	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	186	19	maui	maui	PROPN
eltls-56623	186	20	fires	fire	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	21	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	186	22	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	186	23	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	186	25	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	186	26	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	27	mimics	mimic	VERB
eltls-56623	186	28	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	186	29	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	186	30	uninterrupted	uninterrupted	ADJ
eltls-56623	186	31	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	32	stream	stream	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	33	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	186	34	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	186	36	instant	instant	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	37	messaging	messaging	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	38	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	186	39	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
eltls-56623	186	40	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	186	41	stops	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	42	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	186	43	creating	create	VERB
eltls-56623	186	44	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	186	45	illusion	illusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	46	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	186	47	continuous	continuous	ADJ
eltls-56623	186	48	input	input	NOUN
eltls-56623	186	49	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	187	1	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	187	2	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
eltls-56623	187	3	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltl	VERB
eltls-56623	187	4	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	187	5	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	187	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	187	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	187	8	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	187	9	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	187	10	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	187	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	188	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	188	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	188	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	188	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	188	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	188	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	188	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	188	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	188	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	188	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	188	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	188	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	188	13	142	142	NUM
eltls-56623	188	14	dissolve	dissolve	NOUN
eltls-56623	188	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	188	16	audiences	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	188	17	become	become	VERB
eltls-56623	188	18	immersed	immersed	ADJ
eltls-56623	188	19	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	188	20	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	188	21	carefully	carefully	ADV
eltls-56623	188	22	engineered	engineer	VERB
eltls-56623	188	23	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	188	24	quicksand	quicksand	NOUN
eltls-56623	188	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	189	1	boundaryless	boundaryless	NOUN
eltls-56623	189	2	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	189	3	suppresses	suppress	VERB
eltls-56623	189	4	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	189	5	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	189	6	instinct	instinct	NOUN
eltls-56623	189	7	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	189	8	pause	pause	VERB
eltls-56623	189	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	189	10	compelling	compel	VERB
eltls-56623	189	11	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	189	12	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	189	13	absorb	absorb	VERB
eltls-56623	189	14	external	external	ADJ
eltls-56623	189	15	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	189	16	relentlessly	relentlessly	ADV
eltls-56623	189	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	190	1	blurring	blur	VERB
eltls-56623	190	2	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	190	3	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
eltls-56623	190	4	compels	compel	VERB
eltls-56623	190	5	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	190	6	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	190	7	perpetually	perpetually	ADV
eltls-56623	190	8	absorb	absorb	VERB
eltls-56623	190	9	new	new	ADJ
eltls-56623	190	10	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	190	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	190	12	diminishing	diminish	VERB
eltls-56623	190	13	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	190	14	capacity	capacity	NOUN
eltls-56623	190	15	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	190	16	process	process	VERB
eltls-56623	190	17	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	190	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	190	19	exercise	exercise	VERB
eltls-56623	190	20	critical	critical	ADJ
eltls-56623	190	21	judgement	judgement	NOUN
eltls-56623	190	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	191	1	how	how	SCONJ
eltls-56623	191	2	then	then	ADV
eltls-56623	191	3	might	might	AUX
eltls-56623	191	4	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	191	5	draw	draw	VERB
eltls-56623	191	6	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	191	7	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	191	8	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	191	9	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	191	10	uninterrupted	uninterrupted	ADJ
eltls-56623	191	11	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	191	12	stream	stream	NOUN
eltls-56623	191	13	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	191	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	191	15	retain	retain	VERB
eltls-56623	191	16	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	191	17	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	191	18	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-56623	192	1	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	192	2	another	another	DET
eltls-56623	192	3	hand	hand	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	192	5	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	192	6	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	7	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	8	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	9	have	have	AUX
eltls-56623	192	10	proliferated	proliferate	VERB
eltls-56623	192	11	exponentially	exponentially	ADV
eltls-56623	192	12	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	192	13	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	192	14	only	only	ADV
eltls-56623	192	15	double	double	ADJ
eltls-56623	192	16	asterisks	asterisk	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	192	18	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	192	19	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	192	20	clusters	cluster	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	192	22	multiple	multiple	ADJ
eltls-56623	192	23	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	24	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	25	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	192	26	double	double	ADJ
eltls-56623	192	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	192	28	triple	triple	ADJ
eltls-56623	192	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	192	30	quadruple	quadruple	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	31	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	192	32	alongside	alongside	ADP
eltls-56623	192	33	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
eltls-56623	192	34	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	192	36	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	37	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	192	38	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	39	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	192	40	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	193	1	according	accord	VERB
eltls-56623	193	2	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	193	3	figure	figure	VERB
eltls-56623	193	4	6	6	NUM
eltls-56623	193	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	193	6	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	193	7	containing	contain	VERB
eltls-56623	193	8	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	193	9	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	193	10	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	193	11	numbered	number	VERB
eltls-56623	193	12	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	193	13	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	193	14	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	193	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	193	16	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	193	17	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	193	18	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	193	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	193	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	193	21	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	193	22	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	193	23	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	193	24	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	193	25	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	193	26	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
eltls-56623	193	27	locations	location	NOUN
eltls-56623	193	28	increased	increase	VERB
eltls-56623	193	29	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	193	30	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	193	31	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	193	32	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	193	33	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	193	34	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	193	35	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	193	36	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	193	37	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	193	38	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	193	39	6	6	NUM
eltls-56623	193	40	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	193	41	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	193	42	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	193	43	revealing	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	193	44	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	193	45	clear	clear	ADJ
eltls-56623	193	46	upward	upward	ADJ
eltls-56623	193	47	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	193	48	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	194	1	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	194	2	6	6	NUM
eltls-56623	194	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	1	statistics	statistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	2	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	195	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	195	4	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	195	5	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	6	cimbination	cimbination	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	195	8	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	195	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	195	11	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	12	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	195	14	each	each	DET
eltls-56623	195	15	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	195	16	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	17	combination	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	18	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	195	19	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-56623	195	20	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	21	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	195	22	implies	imply	VERB
eltls-56623	195	23	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	24	double	double	ADJ
eltls-56623	195	25	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	26	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	27	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	28	1→1→1	1→1→1	NUM
eltls-56623	195	29	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	31	triple	triple	ADJ
eltls-56623	195	32	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	33	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	34	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	35	0→1→1	0→1→1	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	36	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	37	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	38	quadruple	quadruple	ADJ
eltls-56623	195	39	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	40	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	41	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	42	0→0→1	0→0→1	NUM
eltls-56623	195	43	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	44	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	45	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	46	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	47	+	+	CCONJ
eltls-56623	195	48	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	49	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	195	50	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	51	0→0→3	0→0→3	PROPN
eltls-56623	195	52	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	195	53	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	196	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	196	2	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	196	3	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
eltls-56623	196	4	reversed	reverse	VERB
eltls-56623	196	5	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	196	6	order	order	NOUN
eltls-56623	196	7	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	196	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	196	9	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	196	10	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	196	11	preceding	precede	VERB
eltls-56623	196	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	196	13	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	196	14	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	196	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	197	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	197	2	emergence	emergence	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	197	4	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	5	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	197	6	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	7	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	197	8	centred	centre	VERB
eltls-56623	197	9	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	10	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	197	11	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	197	12	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	13	dominated	dominate	VERB
eltls-56623	197	14	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	197	15	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	16	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	197	17	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	18	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	197	19	based	base	VERB
eltls-56623	197	20	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	197	21	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	22	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	23	suggests	suggest	VERB
eltls-56623	197	24	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	197	25	potential	potential	ADJ
eltls-56623	197	26	gradual	gradual	ADJ
eltls-56623	197	27	shift	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	28	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	197	29	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	197	30	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	31	focus	focus	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	32	over	over	ADP
eltls-56623	197	33	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	197	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	198	1	all	all	DET
eltls-56623	198	2	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	198	3	except	except	SCONJ
eltls-56623	198	4	double	double	ADJ
eltls-56623	198	5	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	198	6	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	198	7	saw	see	VERB
eltls-56623	198	8	increased	increase	VERB
eltls-56623	198	9	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-56623	198	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	199	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	199	2	rise	rise	NOUN
eltls-56623	199	3	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	199	4	more	more	ADJ
eltls-56623	199	5	complex	complex	ADJ
eltls-56623	199	6	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	199	7	led	lead	VERB
eltls-56623	199	8	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	199	9	retainability	retainability	NOUN
eltls-56623	199	10	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	199	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	199	12	simpler	simple	ADJ
eltls-56623	199	13	double	double	ADJ
eltls-56623	199	14	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	199	15	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	199	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	200	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	200	2	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	200	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	200	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	200	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	200	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	200	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	200	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	200	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	201	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	201	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	201	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	201	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	201	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	201	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	201	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	201	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	201	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	201	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	201	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	201	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	201	13	143	143	NUM
eltls-56623	201	14	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	201	15	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	201	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	202	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	202	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	202	4	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	202	5	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	6	cimbination	cimbination	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	7	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	8	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	202	9	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	202	10	marked	mark	VERB
eltls-56623	202	11	increase	increase	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	12	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	202	13	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	202	14	use	use	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	202	16	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	202	17	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	18	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	19	between	between	ADP
eltls-56623	202	20	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	202	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	202	22	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	202	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	202	24	particularly	particularly	ADV
eltls-56623	202	25	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	202	26	mixed	mixed	ADJ
eltls-56623	202	27	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	28	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	202	29	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	30	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	31	combination	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	32	rising	rise	VERB
eltls-56623	202	33	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	202	34	zero	zero	NUM
eltls-56623	202	35	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	202	36	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	202	37	instances	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	202	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	203	1	extreme	extreme	ADJ
eltls-56623	203	2	forms	form	NOUN
eltls-56623	203	3	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	203	4	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	203	5	four	four	NUM
eltls-56623	203	6	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	203	7	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	203	8	first	first	ADV
eltls-56623	203	9	appeared	appear	VERB
eltls-56623	203	10	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	203	11	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	203	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	204	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	204	2	reflects	reflect	VERB
eltls-56623	204	3	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	204	4	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
eltls-56623	204	5	evolution	evolution	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	6	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	204	7	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	8	producers	producer	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	204	10	response	response	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	11	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	204	12	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	204	13	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	14	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	15	’	’	PART
eltls-56623	204	16	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	17	habits	habit	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	18	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	204	19	multiple	multiple	ADJ
eltls-56623	204	20	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	21	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	22	overcome	overcome	VERB
eltls-56623	204	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	204	24	limitations	limitation	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	204	26	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	204	27	single	single	ADJ
eltls-56623	204	28	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	29	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	30	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	204	31	convey	convey	VERB
eltls-56623	204	32	heightened	heightened	ADJ
eltls-56623	204	33	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	204	34	intensity	intensity	NOUN
eltls-56623	204	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	205	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	205	2	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	205	3	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	205	4	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
eltls-56623	205	5	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	205	6	signifies	signify	VERB
eltls-56623	205	7	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	205	8	shift	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	205	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	205	10	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	205	11	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	205	12	mimicking	mimic	VERB
eltls-56623	205	13	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	205	14	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	205	15	functioning	function	VERB
eltls-56623	205	16	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	205	17	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	205	18	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	205	19	weapon	weapon	NOUN
eltls-56623	205	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	205	21	posing	pose	VERB
eltls-56623	205	22	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	205	23	gravest	grave	ADJ
eltls-56623	205	24	threat	threat	NOUN
eltls-56623	205	25	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	205	26	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	205	27	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	205	28	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	205	29	processes	process	NOUN
eltls-56623	205	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	206	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	206	2	emergence	emergence	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	206	4	quadruple	quadruple	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	5	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	6	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	7	suggests	suggest	VERB
eltls-56623	206	8	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	206	9	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	10	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	206	12	bombarded	bombard	VERB
eltls-56623	206	13	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	206	14	vast	vast	ADJ
eltls-56623	206	15	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	16	streams	stream	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	206	18	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	206	19	experiencing	experience	VERB
eltls-56623	206	20	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	206	21	steadily	steadily	ADV
eltls-56623	206	22	declining	decline	VERB
eltls-56623	206	23	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	24	threshold	threshold	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	25	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	206	26	much	much	ADV
eltls-56623	206	27	like	like	ADP
eltls-56623	206	28	how	how	SCONJ
eltls-56623	206	29	drug	drug	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	30	tolerance	tolerance	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	31	necessitates	necessitate	VERB
eltls-56623	206	32	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
eltls-56623	206	33	potent	potent	ADJ
eltls-56623	206	34	doses	dose	NOUN
eltls-56623	206	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	207	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	207	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	207	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	207	4	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	207	5	you	you	PRON
eltls-56623	207	6	payingattention	payingattention	NOUN
eltls-56623	207	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	207	8	yet	yet	ADV
eltls-56623	207	9	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-56623	207	10	!	!	PUNCT
eltls-56623	208	1	[	[	X
eltls-56623	208	2	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	3	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	208	4	back	back	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	208	6	hand	hand	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	7	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	208	8	project	project	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	9	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	208	10	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	208	11	opens	open	VERB
eltls-56623	208	12	up	up	ADP
eltls-56623	208	13	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	208	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	208	15	draft	draft	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	16	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	208	17	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	208	18	all	all	DET
eltls-56623	208	19	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	208	20	school	school	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	21	seniors	senior	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	22	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	208	23	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	208	24	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	208	25	year	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	26	commitment	commitment	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	27	…	…	PUNCT
eltls-56623	208	28	[	[	X
eltls-56623	208	29	emoji	emoji	ADJ
eltls-56623	208	30	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	208	31	backhand	backhand	PROPN
eltls-56623	208	32	index	index	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	33	finger	finger	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	34	pointing	point	VERB
eltls-56623	208	35	down	down	ADP
eltls-56623	208	36	]	]	X
eltls-56623	208	37	private	private	ADJ
eltls-56623	208	38	school	school	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	39	kids	kid	NOUN
eltls-56623	208	40	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	208	41	exempted	exempt	VERB
eltls-56623	208	42	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	209	1	gee	gee	INTJ
eltls-56623	209	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	209	3	i	i	PRON
eltls-56623	209	4	wonder	wonder	VERB
eltls-56623	209	5	why	why	SCONJ
eltls-56623	209	6	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-56623	209	7	!	!	PUNCT
eltls-56623	210	1	pass	pass	VERB
eltls-56623	210	2	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	211	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	211	2	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	212	1	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	212	2	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	213	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	213	2	combination	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	213	4	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	5	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	213	7	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	8	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	213	10	newly	newly	ADV
eltls-56623	213	11	showed	show	VERB
eltls-56623	213	12	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	213	13	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	213	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	213	15	reflects	reflect	VERB
eltls-56623	213	16	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	213	17	escalation	escalation	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	18	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	213	19	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	213	20	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	21	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-56623	213	22	tactics	tactic	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	23	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	213	24	first	first	ADV
eltls-56623	213	25	implanting	implant	VERB
eltls-56623	213	26	doubt	doubt	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	27	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	213	28	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	29	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	213	31	then	then	ADV
eltls-56623	213	32	locking	lock	VERB
eltls-56623	213	33	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	213	34	emotion	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	35	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	213	36	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	37	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	213	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	214	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	214	2	proves	prove	VERB
eltls-56623	214	3	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	214	4	effective	effective	ADJ
eltls-56623	214	5	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	214	6	capturing	capture	VERB
eltls-56623	214	7	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	214	8	’	’	PART
eltls-56623	214	9	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	214	10	than	than	ADP
eltls-56623	214	11	mere	mere	ADJ
eltls-56623	214	12	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	214	13	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	214	14	alone	alone	ADV
eltls-56623	214	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	215	1	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-56623	215	2	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	215	3	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	215	4	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	215	5	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	215	6	+	+	CCONJ
eltls-56623	215	7	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	215	8	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	215	9	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	215	10	combination	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	215	11	proliferates	proliferate	NOUN
eltls-56623	215	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	215	13	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	215	14	gradually	gradually	ADV
eltls-56623	215	15	internalise	internalise	VERB
eltls-56623	215	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	215	17	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	215	18	doubt	doubt	NOUN
eltls-56623	215	19	+	+	PUNCT
eltls-56623	215	20	shock	shock	NOUN
eltls-56623	215	21	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	215	22	reaction	reaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	215	23	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	215	24	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	215	25	subconscious	subconscious	ADJ
eltls-56623	215	26	habit	habit	NOUN
eltls-56623	215	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	216	1	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	216	2	punctuated	punctuate	VERB
eltls-56623	216	3	bombshells	bombshell	NOUN
eltls-56623	216	4	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
eltls-56623	216	5	erode	erode	VERB
eltls-56623	216	6	rational	rational	ADJ
eltls-56623	216	7	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	216	8	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	216	9	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	216	10	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	216	11	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	216	12	become	become	VERB
eltls-56623	216	13	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	216	14	norm	norm	NOUN
eltls-56623	216	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	216	16	calm	calm	ADJ
eltls-56623	216	17	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	ADJ
eltls-56623	216	18	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	216	19	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	216	20	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	216	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	216	22	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	216	23	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	216	24	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	216	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	217	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	217	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	217	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	217	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	217	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	217	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	217	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	217	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	217	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	217	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	217	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	217	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	217	13	144	144	NUM
eltls-56623	217	14	statements	statement	NOUN
eltls-56623	217	15	lose	lose	VERB
eltls-56623	217	16	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	217	17	communicative	communicative	ADJ
eltls-56623	217	18	power	power	NOUN
eltls-56623	217	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	218	1	2	2	X
eltls-56623	218	2	.	.	X
eltls-56623	218	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	218	4	use	use	NOUN
eltls-56623	218	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	218	6	emojis	emojis	NOUN
eltls-56623	218	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	218	8	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	218	9	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
eltls-56623	218	10	feature	feature	NOUN
eltls-56623	218	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	218	12	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	218	13	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	218	14	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	218	15	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	218	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	218	17	use	use	NOUN
eltls-56623	218	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	218	19	emojis	emojis	NOUN
eltls-56623	218	20	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	218	21	liu	liu	PROPN
eltls-56623	218	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	218	23	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	218	24	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	218	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	219	1	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	219	2	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	219	3	platforms	platform	NOUN
eltls-56623	219	4	primarily	primarily	ADV
eltls-56623	219	5	designed	design	VERB
eltls-56623	219	6	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	219	7	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	219	8	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	219	9	extensively	extensively	ADV
eltls-56623	219	10	employ	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	219	11	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	219	12	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	219	13	express	express	VERB
eltls-56623	219	14	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	219	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	219	16	opinions	opinion	NOUN
eltls-56623	219	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	219	18	so	so	CCONJ
eltls-56623	219	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	219	20	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	219	21	equally	equally	ADV
eltls-56623	219	22	evident	evident	ADJ
eltls-56623	219	23	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	219	24	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	219	25	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	219	26	texts	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	219	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	1	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	220	2	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	3	8	8	NUM
eltls-56623	220	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	220	6	total	total	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	220	8	27	27	NUM
eltls-56623	220	9	pieces	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	10	containing	contain	VERB
eltls-56623	220	11	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	12	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	220	13	obtained	obtain	VERB
eltls-56623	220	14	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	15	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	220	16	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	220	17	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	220	18	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	19	accounting	account	VERB
eltls-56623	220	20	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	220	21	17.68	17.68	NUM
eltls-56623	220	22	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	23	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	220	24	that	that	DET
eltls-56623	220	25	year	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	26	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	220	27	corpus	corpus	PROPN
eltls-56623	220	28	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	30	3	3	NUM
eltls-56623	220	31	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	220	32	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	220	33	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	34	10.00	10.00	NUM
eltls-56623	220	35	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	36	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	220	37	that	that	DET
eltls-56623	220	38	year	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	39	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	220	40	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	41	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	42	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	43	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	220	44	19	19	NUM
eltls-56623	220	45	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	220	46	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	220	47	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	48	33.93	33.93	NUM
eltls-56623	220	49	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	50	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	220	51	that	that	DET
eltls-56623	220	52	year	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	53	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	220	54	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	55	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	56	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	57	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	220	58	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	220	59	number	number	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	60	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	220	61	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	62	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	220	63	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	64	showing	show	VERB
eltls-56623	220	65	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	220	66	upward	upward	ADJ
eltls-56623	220	67	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	68	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	69	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	220	70	total	total	ADJ
eltls-56623	220	71	number	number	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	72	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	220	73	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	74	employed	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	220	75	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	220	76	61	61	NUM
eltls-56623	220	77	:	:	SYM
eltls-56623	220	78	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	220	79	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	220	80	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	220	81	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	82	averaging	average	VERB
eltls-56623	220	83	1.40	1.40	NUM
eltls-56623	220	84	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	220	85	piece	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	86	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	87	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	88	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	220	89	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	220	90	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	220	91	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	92	averaging	average	VERB
eltls-56623	220	93	1.67	1.67	NUM
eltls-56623	220	94	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	220	95	piece	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	96	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	97	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	98	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	220	99	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	220	100	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	101	52	52	NUM
eltls-56623	220	102	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	103	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	220	104	used	use	VERB
eltls-56623	220	105	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	106	averaging	average	VERB
eltls-56623	220	107	2.47	2.47	NUM
eltls-56623	220	108	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	220	109	message	message	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	110	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	220	111	all	all	PRON
eltls-56623	220	112	showing	show	VERB
eltls-56623	220	113	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	220	114	marked	mark	VERB
eltls-56623	220	115	upward	upward	ADJ
eltls-56623	220	116	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	220	117	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	221	1	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	221	2	total	total	NOUN
eltls-56623	221	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	221	4	16	16	NUM
eltls-56623	221	5	distinct	distinct	ADJ
eltls-56623	221	6	emoji	emoji	PROPN
eltls-56623	221	7	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	221	8	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	221	9	used	use	VERB
eltls-56623	221	10	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	221	11	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	221	12	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	221	13	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	221	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	221	15	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	221	16	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	221	17	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	221	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	221	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	221	20	11	11	NUM
eltls-56623	221	21	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	221	22	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	221	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	221	24	indicating	indicate	VERB
eltls-56623	221	25	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	221	26	marked	mark	VERB
eltls-56623	221	27	annual	annual	ADJ
eltls-56623	221	28	increase	increase	NOUN
eltls-56623	221	29	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	221	30	emoji	emoji	PROPN
eltls-56623	221	31	diversity	diversity	NOUN
eltls-56623	221	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	222	1	figure	figure	VERB
eltls-56623	222	2	8	8	NUM
eltls-56623	222	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	223	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	223	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	223	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	223	4	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	223	5	using	use	VERB
eltls-56623	223	6	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	223	7	remarkably	remarkably	ADV
eltls-56623	223	8	consistent	consistent	ADJ
eltls-56623	223	9	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	223	10	rapid	rapid	ADJ
eltls-56623	223	11	surge	surge	NOUN
eltls-56623	223	12	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	223	13	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-56623	223	14	stems	stem	VERB
eltls-56623	223	15	precisely	precisely	ADV
eltls-56623	223	16	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	223	17	how	how	SCONJ
eltls-56623	223	18	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	223	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	223	20	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	223	21	enriching	enrich	VERB
eltls-56623	223	22	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	223	23	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	223	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	223	25	inherently	inherently	ADV
eltls-56623	223	26	carry	carry	VERB
eltls-56623	223	27	connotations	connotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	223	28	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	223	29	align	align	VERB
eltls-56623	223	30	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	223	31	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	223	32	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	223	33	urgent	urgent	ADJ
eltls-56623	223	34	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	223	35	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	223	36	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	223	37	serious	serious	ADJ
eltls-56623	223	38	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	223	39	qualities	quality	NOUN
eltls-56623	223	40	required	require	VERB
eltls-56623	223	41	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	223	42	spreading	spread	VERB
eltls-56623	223	43	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	223	44	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	223	45	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	224	1	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	224	2	browsing	browse	VERB
eltls-56623	224	3	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	224	4	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	224	5	drawn	draw	VERB
eltls-56623	224	6	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	224	7	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	224	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	224	9	which	which	PRON
eltls-56623	224	10	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	224	11	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	224	12	vivid	vivid	ADJ
eltls-56623	224	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	224	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	224	15	easily	easily	ADV
eltls-56623	224	16	comprehensible	comprehensible	ADJ
eltls-56623	224	17	than	than	ADP
eltls-56623	224	18	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	224	19	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	224	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	225	1	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	225	2	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	225	3	representations	representation	NOUN
eltls-56623	225	4	resonate	resonate	VERB
eltls-56623	225	5	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	225	6	accompanying	accompany	VERB
eltls-56623	225	7	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	225	8	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	225	9	ali	ali	PROPN
eltls-56623	225	10	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	225	11	chand	chand	PROPN
eltls-56623	225	12	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	225	13	naidu	naidu	PROPN
eltls-56623	225	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	225	15	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	225	16	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	225	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	225	18	creating	create	VERB
eltls-56623	225	19	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	225	20	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
eltls-56623	225	21	combination	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	225	22	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	225	23	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	225	24	only	only	ADV
eltls-56623	225	25	enhances	enhance	VERB
eltls-56623	225	26	readability	readability	NOUN
eltls-56623	225	27	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	225	28	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	225	29	enables	enable	VERB
eltls-56623	225	30	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	225	31	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	225	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	225	33	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	225	34	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	225	35	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	225	36	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
eltls-56623	225	37	sharing	sharing	NOUN
eltls-56623	225	38	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	225	39	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	225	40	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	226	1	concurrently	concurrently	ADV
eltls-56623	226	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	226	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	226	4	placement	placement	NOUN
eltls-56623	226	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	226	6	emojis	emojis	NOUN
eltls-56623	226	7	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	226	8	shifted	shift	VERB
eltls-56623	226	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	227	1	analysing	analyse	VERB
eltls-56623	227	2	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	227	3	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
eltls-56623	227	4	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	227	5	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	227	6	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	227	7	with	with	SCONJ
eltls-56623	227	8	multiple	multiple	ADJ
eltls-56623	227	9	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	227	10	counted	count	VERB
eltls-56623	227	11	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	227	12	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	227	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	227	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	227	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	227	16	distribution	distribution	NOUN
eltls-56623	227	17	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	227	18	reveal	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	227	19	distinct	distinct	ADJ
eltls-56623	227	20	change	change	NOUN
eltls-56623	227	21	according	accord	VERB
eltls-56623	227	22	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	227	23	figure	figure	VERB
eltls-56623	227	24	9	9	NUM
eltls-56623	227	25	:	:	SYM
eltls-56623	227	26	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	227	27	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	227	28	pre	pre	ADJ
eltls-56623	227	29	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	227	30	paragraph	paragraph	ADJ
eltls-56623	227	31	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	227	32	mid	mid	NOUN
eltls-56623	227	33	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	227	34	paragraph	paragraph	ADJ
eltls-56623	227	35	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	227	36	post	post	ADJ
eltls-56623	227	37	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	227	38	paragraph	paragraph	ADJ
eltls-56623	227	39	=	=	SYM
eltls-56623	227	40	1:0:6	1:0:6	NUM
eltls-56623	227	41	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	227	42	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	227	43	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	227	44	4:0:4	4:0:4	NUM
eltls-56623	227	45	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	227	46	2024:12:26:14	2024:12:26:14	NUM
eltls-56623	227	47	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	228	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	228	2	progression	progression	NOUN
eltls-56623	228	3	clearly	clearly	ADV
eltls-56623	228	4	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-56623	228	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	228	6	gradual	gradual	ADJ
eltls-56623	228	7	shift	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	228	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	228	9	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
eltls-56623	228	10	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	228	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	228	12	end	end	NOUN
eltls-56623	228	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	228	14	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	228	15	towards	towards	ADP
eltls-56623	228	16	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	228	17	opening	opening	NOUN
eltls-56623	228	18	sections	section	NOUN
eltls-56623	228	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	229	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-56623	229	2	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	229	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	229	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	229	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	229	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	229	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	229	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	229	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	230	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	230	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	230	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	230	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	230	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	230	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	230	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	230	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	230	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	230	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	230	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	230	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	230	13	145	145	NUM
eltls-56623	230	14	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	230	15	9	9	NUM
eltls-56623	230	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	230	17	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-56623	230	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	230	19	emoji	emoji	PROPN
eltls-56623	230	20	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
eltls-56623	230	21	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	230	22	different	different	ADJ
eltls-56623	230	23	positions	position	NOUN
eltls-56623	230	24	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	230	25	shifting	shift	VERB
eltls-56623	230	26	placement	placement	NOUN
eltls-56623	230	27	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	230	28	emojis	emojis	NOUN
eltls-56623	230	29	reflects	reflect	VERB
eltls-56623	230	30	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	230	31	evolution	evolution	NOUN
eltls-56623	230	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	230	33	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	230	34	tactics	tactic	NOUN
eltls-56623	230	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	231	1	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	231	2	appearing	appear	VERB
eltls-56623	231	3	after	after	ADP
eltls-56623	231	4	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	231	5	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	231	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	231	7	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	231	8	often	often	ADV
eltls-56623	231	9	summarise	summarise	VERB
eltls-56623	231	10	tone	tone	NOUN
eltls-56623	231	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	231	12	signal	signal	ADJ
eltls-56623	231	13	attitude	attitude	NOUN
eltls-56623	231	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	231	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	231	16	convey	convey	VERB
eltls-56623	231	17	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	231	18	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
eltls-56623	231	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	231	20	serving	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	231	21	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	231	22	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	231	23	kind	kind	NOUN
eltls-56623	231	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	231	25	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	231	26	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	231	27	seal	seal	NOUN
eltls-56623	231	28	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	231	29	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	231	30	concludes	conclude	VERB
eltls-56623	231	31	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	231	32	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	231	33	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	231	34	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	231	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	232	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	232	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
eltls-56623	232	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	232	4	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	232	5	preceding	precede	VERB
eltls-56623	232	6	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	232	7	function	function	VERB
eltls-56623	232	8	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	232	9	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	232	10	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	232	11	reading	read	VERB
eltls-56623	232	12	hooks	hook	NOUN
eltls-56623	232	13	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	232	14	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	232	15	masquerading	masquerade	VERB
eltls-56623	232	16	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	232	17	shared	share	VERB
eltls-56623	232	18	interests	interest	NOUN
eltls-56623	232	19	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	232	20	capture	capture	VERB
eltls-56623	232	21	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	232	22	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	232	23	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	232	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	232	25	establish	establish	VERB
eltls-56623	232	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	232	27	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	232	28	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	232	29	overall	overall	ADJ
eltls-56623	232	30	tone	tone	NOUN
eltls-56623	232	31	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	232	32	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	232	33	lay	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	232	34	groundwork	groundwork	NOUN
eltls-56623	232	35	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	232	36	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	232	37	context	context	NOUN
eltls-56623	232	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	233	1	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
eltls-56623	233	2	early	early	ADJ
eltls-56623	233	3	emoji	emoji	PROPN
eltls-56623	233	4	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-56623	233	5	reinforced	reinforce	VERB
eltls-56623	233	6	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	233	7	viewpoints	viewpoint	NOUN
eltls-56623	233	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	233	9	now	now	ADV
eltls-56623	233	10	employs	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	233	11	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	233	12	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	233	13	hijack	hijack	VERB
eltls-56623	233	14	reader	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	233	15	cognition	cognition	NOUN
eltls-56623	233	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	234	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	234	2	frontier	frontier	NOUN
eltls-56623	234	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	234	4	emoji	emoji	PROPN
eltls-56623	234	5	appears	appear	VERB
eltls-56623	234	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	234	7	the	the	PRON
eltls-56623	234	8	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	234	9	effectively	effectively	ADV
eltls-56623	234	10	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	234	11	circumvents	circumvent	VERB
eltls-56623	234	12	rational	rational	ADJ
eltls-56623	234	13	thought	thought	NOUN
eltls-56623	234	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	234	15	judgement	judgement	NOUN
eltls-56623	234	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	235	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	235	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	235	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	235	5	people	people	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	6	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	235	7	oz	oz	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	8	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	235	9	campaign	campaign	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	10	have	have	VERB
eltls-56623	235	11	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	235	12	hate	hate	VERB
eltls-56623	235	13	him	he	PRON
eltls-56623	235	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	235	15	there	there	PRON
eltls-56623	235	16	is	be	VERB
eltls-56623	235	17	no	no	DET
eltls-56623	235	18	other	other	ADJ
eltls-56623	235	19	explanation.[emoji	explanation.[emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	20	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	235	21	grinning	grinning	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	22	face	face	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	23	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	235	24	smiling	smile	VERB
eltls-56623	235	25	eyes	eye	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	26	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	235	27	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	235	28	emoji	emoji	PROPN
eltls-56623	235	29	placed	place	VERB
eltls-56623	235	30	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	235	31	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	235	32	end	end	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	33	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	235	34	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	235	35	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	36	clearly	clearly	ADV
eltls-56623	235	37	sets	set	VERB
eltls-56623	235	38	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	235	39	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	235	40	tone	tone	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	41	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	235	42	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	235	43	preceding	precede	VERB
eltls-56623	235	44	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	45	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	235	46	wrapping	wrap	VERB
eltls-56623	235	47	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	235	48	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	49	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	50	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	235	51	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	235	52	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	235	53	campaign	campaign	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	54	team	team	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	55	hated	hate	VERB
eltls-56623	235	56	him	he	PRON
eltls-56623	235	57	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	235	58	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	235	59	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	235	60	humorous	humorous	ADJ
eltls-56623	235	61	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	62	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	235	63	transforming	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	235	64	subjective	subjective	ADJ
eltls-56623	235	65	speculation	speculation	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	66	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	235	67	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	235	68	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	235	69	humorous	humorous	ADJ
eltls-56623	235	70	consensus	consensus	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	71	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	235	72	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	235	73	induces	induce	VERB
eltls-56623	235	74	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	75	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	235	76	abandon	abandon	VERB
eltls-56623	235	77	deeper	deep	ADJ
eltls-56623	235	78	thinking	thinking	NOUN
eltls-56623	235	79	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	236	1	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	236	2	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	236	3	core	core	NOUN
eltls-56623	236	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	236	5	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	236	6	serves	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	236	7	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	236	8	undermine	undermine	VERB
eltls-56623	236	9	serious	serious	ADJ
eltls-56623	236	10	discussion	discussion	NOUN
eltls-56623	236	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	236	12	representing	represent	VERB
eltls-56623	236	13	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	236	14	early	early	ADJ
eltls-56623	236	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	236	16	crude	crude	ADJ
eltls-56623	236	17	form	form	NOUN
eltls-56623	236	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	236	19	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	236	20	signal	signal	NOUN
eltls-56623	236	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	237	1	[	[	X
eltls-56623	237	2	emoji	emoji	ADJ
eltls-56623	237	3	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	237	4	police	police	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	5	car	car	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	6	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	237	7	light	light	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	8	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	237	9	breaking	breaking	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	10	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	237	11	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	237	12	announced	announce	VERB
eltls-56623	237	13	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	237	14	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	237	15	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	237	16	run	run	VERB
eltls-56623	237	17	again	again	ADV
eltls-56623	237	18	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	237	19	2028	2028	NUM
eltls-56623	237	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	237	21	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	22	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	237	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	237	24	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	25	break	break	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	26	immediately	immediately	ADV
eltls-56623	237	27	creates	create	VERB
eltls-56623	237	28	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	237	29	sense	sense	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	30	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	237	31	crisis	crisis	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	237	33	casting	cast	VERB
eltls-56623	237	34	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	237	35	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	237	36	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	37	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	237	38	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	237	39	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	237	40	candidacy	candidacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	41	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	237	42	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	237	43	light	light	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	44	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	237	45	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	237	46	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	237	47	emergency	emergency	NOUN
eltls-56623	237	48	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	237	49	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	238	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	238	2	typical	typical	ADJ
eltls-56623	238	3	technique	technique	NOUN
eltls-56623	238	4	does	do	VERB
eltls-56623	238	5	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	238	6	than	than	SCONJ
eltls-56623	238	7	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	238	8	grab	grab	VERB
eltls-56623	238	9	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	238	10	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	238	11	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	238	12	pre	pre	ADJ
eltls-56623	238	13	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	238	14	emptively	emptively	ADV
eltls-56623	238	15	frames	frame	VERB
eltls-56623	238	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	238	17	narrative	narrative	NOUN
eltls-56623	238	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	239	1	before	before	SCONJ
eltls-56623	239	2	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	239	3	even	even	ADV
eltls-56623	239	4	engage	engage	VERB
eltls-56623	239	5	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	239	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	239	7	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	239	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	239	9	they	they	PRON
eltls-56623	239	10	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	239	11	already	already	ADV
eltls-56623	239	12	drawn	draw	VERB
eltls-56623	239	13	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	239	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	239	15	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	239	16	urgency	urgency	NOUN
eltls-56623	239	17	crafted	craft	VERB
eltls-56623	239	18	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	239	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	239	20	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	239	21	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	239	22	publisher	publisher	NOUN
eltls-56623	239	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	240	1	4.2	4.2	NUM
eltls-56623	240	2	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	240	3	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	240	4	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	240	5	level	level	NOUN
eltls-56623	240	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	240	7	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	240	8	primarily	primarily	ADV
eltls-56623	240	9	focuses	focus	VERB
eltls-56623	240	10	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	240	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	240	12	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	240	13	signified	signified	ADJ
eltls-56623	240	14	relationship	relationship	NOUN
eltls-56623	240	15	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	240	16	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	240	17	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	240	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	240	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	240	20	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	240	21	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	NOUN
eltls-56623	240	22	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-56623	240	23	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	240	24	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	240	25	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	240	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	240	27	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	240	28	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	240	29	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	240	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	241	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	241	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	241	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	241	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	241	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	241	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	241	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	241	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	241	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	241	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	241	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	241	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	241	13	146	146	NUM
eltls-56623	241	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	241	15	meaning	mean	VERB
eltls-56623	241	16	generation	generation	NOUN
eltls-56623	241	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	241	18	paying	pay	VERB
eltls-56623	241	19	particular	particular	ADJ
eltls-56623	241	20	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	241	21	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	241	22	how	how	SCONJ
eltls-56623	241	23	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	241	24	establishes	establish	VERB
eltls-56623	241	25	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	241	26	frameworks	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	241	27	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	241	28	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	241	29	distortion	distortion	NOUN
eltls-56623	241	30	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	241	31	meaning	meaning	NOUN
eltls-56623	241	32	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	241	33	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	241	34	crucial	crucial	ADJ
eltls-56623	241	35	factor	factor	NOUN
eltls-56623	241	36	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	241	37	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	241	38	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	241	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	242	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	2	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	242	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	242	4	core	core	ADJ
eltls-56623	242	5	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	242	7	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	242	8	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	242	10	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	242	11	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	242	13	violent	violent	ADJ
eltls-56623	242	14	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	15	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	242	16	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	242	17	corpora	corpora	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	18	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	242	19	different	different	ADJ
eltls-56623	242	20	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	21	periods	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	22	exhibiting	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	242	23	trends	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	24	towards	towards	ADP
eltls-56623	242	25	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	242	26	complexification	complexification	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	242	28	defence	defence	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	29	forwarding	forwarding	NOUN
eltls-56623	242	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	243	1	4.2.1	4.2.1	NUM
eltls-56623	243	2	general	general	ADJ
eltls-56623	243	3	characteristics	characteristic	VERB
eltls-56623	243	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	243	5	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	243	6	crucial	crucial	ADJ
eltls-56623	243	7	condition	condition	NOUN
eltls-56623	243	8	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	243	9	generating	generate	VERB
eltls-56623	243	10	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	243	11	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	243	12	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	243	13	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	243	14	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	243	15	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	243	16	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	243	17	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	243	18	ability	ability	NOUN
eltls-56623	243	19	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	243	20	masquerade	masquerade	VERB
eltls-56623	243	21	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	243	22	genuine	genuine	ADJ
eltls-56623	243	23	reporting	reporting	NOUN
eltls-56623	243	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	244	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
eltls-56623	244	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	244	3	each	each	DET
eltls-56623	244	4	piece	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	244	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	244	6	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	244	7	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	244	8	strives	strive	VERB
eltls-56623	244	9	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	244	10	fabricate	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	244	11	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	244	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	244	13	aiming	aim	VERB
eltls-56623	244	14	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	244	15	deceive	deceive	VERB
eltls-56623	244	16	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	244	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	245	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	245	2	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	245	3	process	process	NOUN
eltls-56623	245	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	245	5	metaphorical	metaphorical	ADJ
eltls-56623	245	6	techniques	technique	NOUN
eltls-56623	245	7	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	245	8	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	245	9	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	245	10	rich	rich	ADJ
eltls-56623	245	11	connotations	connotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	245	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	245	13	implicit	implicit	ADJ
eltls-56623	245	14	nature	nature	NOUN
eltls-56623	245	15	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	245	16	siriam	siriam	PROPN
eltls-56623	245	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	245	18	2023)—are	2023)—are	PRON
eltls-56623	245	19	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-56623	245	20	exploited	exploit	VERB
eltls-56623	245	21	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	245	22	publisher	publisher	NOUN
eltls-56623	245	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	246	1	1	1	X
eltls-56623	246	2	.	.	NUM
eltls-56623	246	3	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	246	4	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	246	5	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	246	6	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	246	7	creates	create	VERB
eltls-56623	246	8	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	246	9	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	246	10	sense	sense	NOUN
eltls-56623	246	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	246	12	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	246	13	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	246	14	mimicking	mimic	VERB
eltls-56623	246	15	formal	formal	ADJ
eltls-56623	246	16	stylistic	stylistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	246	17	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	246	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	246	19	professional	professional	ADJ
eltls-56623	246	20	terminology	terminology	NOUN
eltls-56623	246	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	247	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	247	2	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	247	3	regard	regard	NOUN
eltls-56623	247	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	247	5	cases	case	NOUN
eltls-56623	247	6	involving	involve	VERB
eltls-56623	247	7	forged	forge	VERB
eltls-56623	247	8	official	official	ADJ
eltls-56623	247	9	documents	document	NOUN
eltls-56623	247	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	247	11	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN
eltls-56623	247	12	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	247	13	academic	academic	ADJ
eltls-56623	247	14	citations	citation	NOUN
eltls-56623	247	15	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	247	16	particularly	particularly	ADV
eltls-56623	247	17	illustrative	illustrative	ADJ
eltls-56623	247	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	248	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	248	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	248	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	248	4	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	248	5	interview	interview	NOUN
eltls-56623	248	6	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	248	7	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	248	8	sits	sit	VERB
eltls-56623	248	9	down	down	ADP
eltls-56623	248	10	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	248	11	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	248	12	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
eltls-56623	248	13	interview	interview	NOUN
eltls-56623	248	14	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	248	15	cnn	cnn	PROPN
eltls-56623	248	16	cnn	cnn	PROPN
eltls-56623	248	17	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	248	18	erin	erin	PROPN
eltls-56623	248	19	burnett	burnett	PROPN
eltls-56623	248	20	sits	sit	VERB
eltls-56623	248	21	down	down	ADP
eltls-56623	248	22	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	248	23	president	president	PROPN
eltls-56623	248	24	joe	joe	PROPN
eltls-56623	248	25	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	248	26	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	248	27	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	248	28	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
eltls-56623	248	29	interview	interview	NOUN
eltls-56623	248	30	discussing	discuss	VERB
eltls-56623	248	31	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	248	32	economy	economy	NOUN
eltls-56623	248	33	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	248	34	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	248	35	middle	middle	PROPN
eltls-56623	248	36	east	east	PROPN
eltls-56623	248	37	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	248	38	his	his	PRON
eltls-56623	248	39	plans	plan	NOUN
eltls-56623	248	40	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	248	41	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	248	42	second	second	ADJ
eltls-56623	248	43	term	term	NOUN
eltls-56623	248	44	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	249	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	249	2	piece	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	249	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	249	4	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	249	5	masquerades	masquerade	NOUN
eltls-56623	249	6	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	249	7	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	249	8	official	official	ADJ
eltls-56623	249	9	cnn	cnn	NOUN
eltls-56623	249	10	introduction	introduction	NOUN
eltls-56623	249	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	250	1	though	though	SCONJ
eltls-56623	250	2	structurally	structurally	ADV
eltls-56623	250	3	simple	simple	ADJ
eltls-56623	250	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	250	5	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	250	6	leverages	leverage	VERB
eltls-56623	250	7	cnn	cnn	PROPN
eltls-56623	250	8	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	250	9	brand	brand	NOUN
eltls-56623	250	10	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	250	11	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	250	12	pre	pre	VERB
eltls-56623	250	13	-	-	VERB
eltls-56623	250	14	emptively	emptively	ADV
eltls-56623	250	15	establish	establish	VERB
eltls-56623	250	16	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	250	17	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	250	18	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	250	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	250	20	hinting	hint	VERB
eltls-56623	250	21	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	250	22	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	250	23	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
eltls-56623	250	24	interview	interview	NOUN
eltls-56623	250	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	251	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	251	2	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	251	3	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	251	4	terminology	terminology	NOUN
eltls-56623	251	5	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	251	6	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	251	7	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	251	8	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	251	9	interview	interview	NOUN
eltls-56623	251	10	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	251	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	251	12	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	251	13	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
eltls-56623	251	14	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	251	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	251	16	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	251	17	triggers	trigger	VERB
eltls-56623	251	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	251	19	audience	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	251	20	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	251	21	trust	trust	NOUN
eltls-56623	251	22	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	251	23	professional	professional	ADJ
eltls-56623	251	24	journalism	journalism	NOUN
eltls-56623	251	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	252	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
eltls-56623	252	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	252	3	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	252	4	entirely	entirely	ADV
eltls-56623	252	5	omits	omit	VERB
eltls-56623	252	6	substantive	substantive	ADJ
eltls-56623	252	7	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	252	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	252	9	relying	rely	VERB
eltls-56623	252	10	solely	solely	ADV
eltls-56623	252	11	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	252	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	252	13	headline	headline	NOUN
eltls-56623	252	14	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	252	15	suggest	suggest	VERB
eltls-56623	252	16	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	252	17	biased	biased	ADJ
eltls-56623	252	18	interview	interview	NOUN
eltls-56623	252	19	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	252	20	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	252	21	fill	fill	VERB
eltls-56623	252	22	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	252	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	252	24	gaps	gap	NOUN
eltls-56623	252	25	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	252	26	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	252	27	meticulously	meticulously	ADV
eltls-56623	252	28	crafted	craft	VERB
eltls-56623	252	29	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	252	30	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	252	31	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	252	32	enabling	enable	VERB
eltls-56623	252	33	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	252	34	lie	lie	NOUN
eltls-56623	252	35	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	252	36	propagate	propagate	VERB
eltls-56623	252	37	without	without	ADP
eltls-56623	252	38	requiring	require	VERB
eltls-56623	252	39	further	further	ADJ
eltls-56623	252	40	fabrication	fabrication	NOUN
eltls-56623	252	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	253	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	253	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	3	：	：	PUNCT
eltls-56623	253	4	study	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	253	6	10	10	NUM
eltls-56623	253	7	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	8	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	253	9	27	27	NUM
eltls-56623	253	10	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	253	12	non	non	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	13	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	14	citizens	citizen	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	15	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	253	16	illegally	illegally	ADV
eltls-56623	253	17	registered	register	VERB
eltls-56623	253	18	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	253	19	vote	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	253	20	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	253	21	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	253	22	united	united	PROPN
eltls-56623	253	23	states	states	PROPN
eltls-56623	253	24	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	253	25	new	new	ADJ
eltls-56623	253	26	study	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	27	shows	show	VERB
eltls-56623	253	28	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	253	29	between	between	ADP
eltls-56623	253	30	10	10	NUM
eltls-56623	253	31	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	32	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	253	33	27	27	NUM
eltls-56623	253	34	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	253	36	non	non	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	37	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	38	citizens	citizen	NOUN
eltls-56623	253	39	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	253	40	illegally	illegally	ADV
eltls-56623	253	41	registered	register	VERB
eltls-56623	253	42	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	253	43	vote	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	253	44	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	254	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	254	2	means	mean	VERB
eltls-56623	254	3	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	254	4	due	due	ADP
eltls-56623	254	5	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	254	6	there	there	PRON
eltls-56623	254	7	being	be	AUX
eltls-56623	254	8	around	around	ADV
eltls-56623	254	9	30	30	NUM
eltls-56623	254	10	million	million	NUM
eltls-56623	254	11	non	non	NOUN
eltls-56623	254	12	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	254	13	citizens	citizen	NOUN
eltls-56623	254	14	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	254	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	254	16	u.s.—more	u.s.—more	ADJ
eltls-56623	254	17	than	than	ADP
eltls-56623	254	18	enough	enough	ADJ
eltls-56623	254	19	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	254	20	sway	sway	VERB
eltls-56623	254	21	elections	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	254	22	decided	decide	VERB
eltls-56623	254	23	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	254	24	thousands	thousand	NOUN
eltls-56623	254	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	254	26	votes	vote	NOUN
eltls-56623	254	27	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	254	28	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	254	29	elections	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	254	30	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	254	31	being	be	AUX
eltls-56623	254	32	illegally	illegally	ADV
eltls-56623	254	33	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	254	34	illegitimately	illegitimately	ADV
eltls-56623	254	35	decided	decide	VERB
eltls-56623	254	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	255	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	255	2	2014	2014	NUM
eltls-56623	255	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	255	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	255	5	academic	academic	ADJ
eltls-56623	255	6	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-56623	255	7	electoral	electoral	PROPN
eltls-56623	255	8	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	255	9	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	255	10	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	255	11	groundbreaking	groundbreake	VERB
eltls-56623	255	12	study	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	255	13	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	255	14	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	255	15	scholars	scholar	NOUN
eltls-56623	255	16	who	who	PRON
eltls-56623	255	17	estimated	estimate	VERB
eltls-56623	255	18	how	how	SCONJ
eltls-56623	255	19	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-56623	255	20	non	non	NOUN
eltls-56623	255	21	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	255	22	citizens	citizen	NOUN
eltls-56623	255	23	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	255	24	illegally	illegally	ADV
eltls-56623	255	25	voting	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	255	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	256	1	based	base	VERB
eltls-56623	256	2	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	256	3	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	256	4	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	256	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	256	6	2008	2008	NUM
eltls-56623	256	7	presidential	presidential	ADJ
eltls-56623	256	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	256	9	congressional	congressional	ADJ
eltls-56623	256	10	elections	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	256	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	256	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	256	13	study	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	256	14	found	find	VERB
eltls-56623	256	15	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	256	16	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	256	17	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-56623	256	18	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	256	19	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	256	20	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	256	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	256	22	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	256	23	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	256	24	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	256	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	257	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	257	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	257	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	257	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	257	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	257	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	257	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	257	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	257	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	257	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	257	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	257	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	258	1	147	147	NUM
eltls-56623	258	2	•	•	NUM
eltls-56623	258	3	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	258	4	roughly	roughly	ADV
eltls-56623	258	5	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	258	6	quarter	quarter	NOUN
eltls-56623	258	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	258	8	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	258	9	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	258	10	citizens	citizen	NOUN
eltls-56623	258	11	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	258	12	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	258	13	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	258	14	u.s	u.s	PROPN
eltls-56623	258	15	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	258	16	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	258	17	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	258	18	likely	likely	ADV
eltls-56623	258	19	registered	register	VERB
eltls-56623	258	20	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	258	21	vote	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	258	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	258	23	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	259	1	•	•	PRON
eltls-56623	259	2	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	259	3	6.4	6.4	NUM
eltls-56623	259	4	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	259	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	259	6	non	non	NOUN
eltls-56623	259	7	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	259	8	citizens	citizen	NOUN
eltls-56623	259	9	actually	actually	ADV
eltls-56623	259	10	voted	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	259	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	259	12	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	260	1	•	•	NUM
eltls-56623	260	2	81.8	81.8	NUM
eltls-56623	260	3	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	260	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	260	5	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	260	6	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	260	7	reported	report	VERB
eltls-56623	260	8	voting	voting	NOUN
eltls-56623	260	9	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	260	10	barack	barack	NOUN
eltls-56623	260	11	obama	obama	PROPN
eltls-56623	260	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	260	13	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	261	1	•	•	NUM
eltls-56623	261	2	illegal	illegal	ADJ
eltls-56623	261	3	votes	vote	NOUN
eltls-56623	261	4	cast	cast	VERB
eltls-56623	261	5	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	261	6	non	non	NOUN
eltls-56623	261	7	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	261	8	citizens	citizen	NOUN
eltls-56623	261	9	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	261	10	likely	likely	ADJ
eltls-56623	261	11	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	261	12	changed	change	VERB
eltls-56623	261	13	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	261	14	important	important	ADJ
eltls-56623	261	15	election	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	261	16	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
eltls-56623	261	17	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	261	18	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	261	19	favor	favor	NOUN
eltls-56623	261	20	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	261	21	democrats	democrat	NOUN
eltls-56623	261	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	261	23	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	261	24	including	include	VERB
eltls-56623	261	25	electoral	electoral	ADJ
eltls-56623	261	26	college	college	NOUN
eltls-56623	261	27	votes	vote	NOUN
eltls-56623	261	28	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	261	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	261	30	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	261	31	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	261	32	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
eltls-56623	261	33	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	261	34	u.s	u.s	PROPN
eltls-56623	261	35	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	261	36	senate	senate	PROPN
eltls-56623	261	37	race	race	NOUN
eltls-56623	261	38	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	261	39	enabled	enable	VERB
eltls-56623	261	40	democrats	democrat	NOUN
eltls-56623	261	41	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	261	42	pass	pass	VERB
eltls-56623	261	43	obamacare	obamacare	PROPN
eltls-56623	261	44	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	262	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	262	2	academic	academic	ADJ
eltls-56623	262	3	study	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	262	5	accepted	accept	VERB
eltls-56623	262	6	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	262	7	peer	peer	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	262	9	review	review	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	10	publication	publication	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	11	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	262	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	262	13	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-56623	262	14	electoral	electoral	PROPN
eltls-56623	262	15	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	262	17	estimated	estimate	VERB
eltls-56623	262	18	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	262	19	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	262	20	citizen	citizen	ADJ
eltls-56623	262	21	voter	voter	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	22	registration	registration	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	23	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	24	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	262	25	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	262	26	key	key	ADJ
eltls-56623	262	27	sources	source	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	28	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	262	29	•	•	ADP
eltls-56623	262	30	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	262	31	national	national	ADJ
eltls-56623	262	32	survey	survey	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	33	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	262	34	which	which	PRON
eltls-56623	262	35	14.8	14.8	NUM
eltls-56623	262	36	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	37	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	262	38	non	non	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	39	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	40	citizens	citizen	NOUN
eltls-56623	262	41	admitted	admit	VERB
eltls-56623	262	42	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	262	43	they	they	PRON
eltls-56623	262	44	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	262	45	registered	register	VERB
eltls-56623	262	46	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	262	47	vote	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	262	48	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	263	1	•	•	NUM
eltls-56623	263	2	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	263	3	database	database	NOUN
eltls-56623	263	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	263	5	registered	register	VERB
eltls-56623	263	6	voters	voter	NOUN
eltls-56623	263	7	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	263	8	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	263	9	what	what	DET
eltls-56623	263	10	portion	portion	NOUN
eltls-56623	263	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	263	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	263	13	surveyed	survey	VERB
eltls-56623	263	14	non	non	NOUN
eltls-56623	263	15	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	263	16	citizens	citizen	NOUN
eltls-56623	263	17	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	263	18	were	be	AUX
eltls-56623	263	19	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	263	20	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	263	21	registered	register	VERB
eltls-56623	263	22	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	263	23	even	even	ADV
eltls-56623	263	24	though	though	SCONJ
eltls-56623	263	25	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	263	26	they	they	PRON
eltls-56623	263	27	claimed	claim	VERB
eltls-56623	263	28	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	263	29	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	263	30	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	263	31	registered	register	VERB
eltls-56623	263	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	263	33	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	264	1	just	just	ADV
eltls-56623	264	2	facts	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	264	3	used	use	VERB
eltls-56623	264	4	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	264	5	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	264	6	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
eltls-56623	264	7	version	version	NOUN
eltls-56623	264	8	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	264	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	264	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	264	11	2014	2014	NUM
eltls-56623	264	12	electoral	electoral	ADJ
eltls-56623	264	13	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	264	14	methodology	methodology	NOUN
eltls-56623	264	15	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	264	16	find	find	VERB
eltls-56623	264	17	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	264	18	roughly	roughly	ADV
eltls-56623	264	19	10	10	NUM
eltls-56623	264	20	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	264	21	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	264	22	27	27	NUM
eltls-56623	264	23	%	%	NOUN
eltls-56623	264	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	264	25	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	264	26	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	264	27	citizen	citizen	ADJ
eltls-56623	264	28	adults	adult	NOUN
eltls-56623	264	29	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	264	30	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	264	31	u.s	u.s	PROPN
eltls-56623	264	32	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	264	33	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	264	34	now	now	ADV
eltls-56623	264	35	registered	register	VERB
eltls-56623	264	36	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	264	37	vote	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	264	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	264	39	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	264	40	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	264	41	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	264	42	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	265	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	265	2	order	order	NOUN
eltls-56623	265	3	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	265	4	stop	stop	VERB
eltls-56623	265	5	illegal	illegal	ADJ
eltls-56623	265	6	voting	voting	NOUN
eltls-56623	265	7	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	265	8	non	non	NOUN
eltls-56623	265	9	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	265	10	citizens	citizen	NOUN
eltls-56623	265	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	265	12	house	house	PROPN
eltls-56623	265	13	republicans	republicans	PROPN
eltls-56623	265	14	recently	recently	ADV
eltls-56623	265	15	introduced	introduce	VERB
eltls-56623	265	16	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	265	17	bill	bill	NOUN
eltls-56623	265	18	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	265	19	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	265	20	require	require	VERB
eltls-56623	265	21	proof	proof	NOUN
eltls-56623	265	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	265	23	united	united	PROPN
eltls-56623	265	24	states	states	PROPN
eltls-56623	265	25	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
eltls-56623	265	26	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	265	27	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	265	28	register	register	VERB
eltls-56623	265	29	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	265	30	vote	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	265	31	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	265	32	federal	federal	ADJ
eltls-56623	265	33	elections	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	265	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	266	1	every	every	DET
eltls-56623	266	2	single	single	ADJ
eltls-56623	266	3	democrat	democrat	PROPN
eltls-56623	266	4	opposed	oppose	VERB
eltls-56623	266	5	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	267	2	case	case	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	3	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	267	4	markedly	markedly	ADV
eltls-56623	267	5	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	267	6	intricate	intricate	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	8	constructing	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	267	9	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	267	10	multi	multi	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	11	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	12	layered	layered	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	13	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	14	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	15	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	16	citing	cite	VERB
eltls-56623	267	17	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	267	18	journal	journal	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	19	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	20	electoral	electoral	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	21	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	22	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	23	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	267	24	harness	harness	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	25	academic	academic	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	26	prestige	prestige	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	28	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	267	29	fictitious	fictitious	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	30	methodological	methodological	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	31	details	detail	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	33	mimicking	mimic	VERB
eltls-56623	267	34	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	267	35	terminology	terminology	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	36	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	267	37	empirical	empirical	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	38	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	39	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	40	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
eltls-56623	267	41	data	data	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	42	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	43	table	table	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	44	formatting	formatting	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	45	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	267	46	suppress	suppress	VERB
eltls-56623	267	47	scepticism	scepticism	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	48	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	49	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	267	50	even	even	ADV
eltls-56623	267	51	including	include	VERB
eltls-56623	267	52	seemingly	seemingly	ADV
eltls-56623	267	53	neutral	neutral	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	54	legislative	legislative	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	55	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	56	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	267	57	fabricate	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	267	58	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	267	59	illusion	illusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	60	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	267	61	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	62	scientific	scientific	ADJ
eltls-56623	267	63	objectivity	objectivity	NOUN
eltls-56623	267	64	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	267	65	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	268	1	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	268	2	tactics	tactic	NOUN
eltls-56623	268	3	render	render	VERB
eltls-56623	268	4	verification	verification	NOUN
eltls-56623	268	5	prohibitively	prohibitively	ADV
eltls-56623	268	6	costly	costly	ADJ
eltls-56623	268	7	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	268	8	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
eltls-56623	268	9	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	268	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	268	11	dufour	dufour	PROPN
eltls-56623	268	12	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	268	13	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	268	14	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	268	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	268	16	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	268	17	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	268	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	268	19	intimidating	intimidate	VERB
eltls-56623	268	20	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	268	21	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	268	22	acquiescence	acquiescence	NOUN
eltls-56623	268	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	268	24	compelling	compel	VERB
eltls-56623	268	25	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	268	26	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	268	27	accept	accept	VERB
eltls-56623	268	28	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	268	29	without	without	ADP
eltls-56623	268	30	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	268	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	269	1	2	2	X
eltls-56623	269	2	.	.	X
eltls-56623	269	3	violent	violent	ADJ
eltls-56623	269	4	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	269	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	269	6	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	269	7	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	269	8	extensive	extensive	ADJ
eltls-56623	269	9	violently	violently	ADV
eltls-56623	269	10	use	use	NOUN
eltls-56623	269	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	269	12	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	269	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	269	14	spanning	span	VERB
eltls-56623	269	15	reproductive	reproductive	ADJ
eltls-56623	269	16	rights	right	NOUN
eltls-56623	269	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	269	18	democratic	democratic	ADJ
eltls-56623	269	19	institutions	institution	NOUN
eltls-56623	269	20	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	269	21	immigration	immigration	NOUN
eltls-56623	269	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	269	23	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	269	24	ideologies	ideology	NOUN
eltls-56623	269	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	270	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	270	2	constitutes	constitute	VERB
eltls-56623	270	3	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	270	4	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
eltls-56623	270	5	metaphorical	metaphorical	ADJ
eltls-56623	270	6	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	270	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	270	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	270	9	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	270	10	national	national	ADJ
eltls-56623	270	11	organism”—from	organism”—from	NOUN
eltls-56623	270	12	life	life	NOUN
eltls-56623	270	13	production	production	NOUN
eltls-56623	270	14	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	270	15	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	270	16	institutions	institution	NOUN
eltls-56623	270	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	270	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	270	19	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	270	20	demographic	demographic	ADJ
eltls-56623	270	21	composition	composition	NOUN
eltls-56623	270	22	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	270	23	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	270	24	thought	thought	NOUN
eltls-56623	270	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	271	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	271	2	violence	violence	NOUN
eltls-56623	271	3	inherent	inherent	ADJ
eltls-56623	271	4	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	271	5	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	271	6	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	271	7	lies	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	271	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	271	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	271	10	militarisation	militarisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	271	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	271	12	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	271	13	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	271	14	military	military	ADJ
eltls-56623	271	15	issues	issue	NOUN
eltls-56623	271	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	272	1	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	272	2	table	table	NOUN
eltls-56623	272	3	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	272	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	272	5	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	272	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	272	7	3	3	NUM
eltls-56623	272	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	272	9	4	4	NUM
eltls-56623	272	10	show	show	NOUN
eltls-56623	272	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	272	12	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	272	13	common	common	ADJ
eltls-56623	272	14	feature	feature	NOUN
eltls-56623	272	15	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	272	16	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	272	17	activate	activate	VERB
eltls-56623	272	18	humanity	humanity	NOUN
eltls-56623	272	19	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	272	20	primal	primal	ADJ
eltls-56623	272	21	fear	fear	NOUN
eltls-56623	272	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	272	23	existential	existential	ADJ
eltls-56623	272	24	threats	threat	NOUN
eltls-56623	272	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	272	26	simplifying	simplify	VERB
eltls-56623	272	27	complex	complex	ADJ
eltls-56623	272	28	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	272	29	issues	issue	NOUN
eltls-56623	272	30	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	272	31	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	272	32	binary	binary	ADJ
eltls-56623	272	33	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	272	34	survival	survival	NOUN
eltls-56623	272	35	versus	versus	ADP
eltls-56623	272	36	annihilation	annihilation	NOUN
eltls-56623	272	37	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	272	38	dichotomy	dichotomy	NOUN
eltls-56623	272	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	273	1	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	273	2	dangerously	dangerously	ADV
eltls-56623	273	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	273	4	they	they	PRON
eltls-56623	273	5	all	all	PRON
eltls-56623	273	6	steer	steer	VERB
eltls-56623	273	7	towards	towards	ADP
eltls-56623	273	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	273	9	same	same	ADJ
eltls-56623	273	10	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	273	11	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	273	12	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	273	13	extreme	extreme	ADJ
eltls-56623	273	14	measures	measure	NOUN
eltls-56623	273	15	must	must	AUX
eltls-56623	273	16	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	273	17	taken	take	VERB
eltls-56623	273	18	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	273	19	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
eltls-56623	273	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	273	21	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	273	22	threat	threat	NOUN
eltls-56623	273	23	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	273	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	274	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	274	2	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	274	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	274	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	274	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	274	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	274	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	274	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	274	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	275	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	275	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	275	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	275	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	275	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	275	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	275	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	275	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	275	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	275	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	275	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	275	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	275	13	148	148	NUM
eltls-56623	275	14	table	table	NOUN
eltls-56623	275	15	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	275	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	276	1	examples	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	276	3	power	power	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	4	/	/	SYM
eltls-56623	276	5	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	6	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	7	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	8	function	function	VERB
eltls-56623	276	9	domestic	domestic	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	10	supply	supply	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	276	12	infants	infant	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	13	treating	treat	VERB
eltls-56623	276	14	infants	infant	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	276	16	pregnant	pregnant	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	17	women	woman	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	18	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	276	19	resources	resource	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	276	21	instruments	instrument	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	276	23	production	production	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	24	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	276	25	state	state	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	26	regulation	regulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	276	28	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	276	29	depriving	deprive	VERB
eltls-56623	276	30	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	276	31	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	276	32	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	276	33	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	34	territory	territory	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	35	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	276	36	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	276	37	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	276	38	declared	declare	VERB
eltls-56623	276	39	occupied	occupy	VERB
eltls-56623	276	40	comparing	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	276	41	historical	historical	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	42	territorial	territorial	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	43	transactions	transaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	44	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	276	45	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	46	military	military	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	47	occupation	occupation	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	48	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	276	49	illegal	illegal	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	50	encroachment	encroachment	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	51	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	276	52	’s	’s	AUX
eltls-56623	276	53	going	go	VERB
eltls-56623	276	54	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	276	55	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	276	56	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	276	57	dictator	dictator	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	58	linking	link	VERB
eltls-56623	276	59	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	60	opponents	opponent	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	61	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	276	62	concepts	concept	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	63	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	64	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	276	65	dictatorship	dictatorship	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	66	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	276	67	absolute	absolute	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	68	power	power	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	69	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	276	70	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	276	71	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	276	72	deprivation	deprivation	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	73	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	276	74	civil	civil	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	75	rights	right	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	76	9/11	9/11	NUM
eltls-56623	276	77	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	276	78	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	276	79	inside	inside	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	80	job	job	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	81	comparing	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	276	82	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	276	83	tragedy	tragedy	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	84	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	276	85	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	276	86	state	state	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	87	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	276	88	sponsored	sponsor	VERB
eltls-56623	276	89	terrorist	terrorist	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	90	attack	attack	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	91	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	276	92	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	276	93	internal	internal	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	94	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	95	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	276	96	betrayal	betrayal	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	97	perpetrated	perpetrate	VERB
eltls-56623	276	98	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	276	99	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	276	100	government	government	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	101	against	against	ADP
eltls-56623	276	102	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	276	103	own	own	ADJ
eltls-56623	276	104	people	people	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	105	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	276	106	vote	vote	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	107	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	276	108	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	276	109	handmaid	handmaid	PROPN
eltls-56623	276	110	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	276	111	tale	tale	NOUN
eltls-56623	276	112	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	277	1	depicting	depict	VERB
eltls-56623	277	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	277	3	concept	concept	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	4	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	277	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	277	6	systematic	systematic	ADJ
eltls-56623	277	7	surveillance	surveillance	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	277	9	control	control	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	277	11	oppression	oppression	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	277	13	women	woman	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	14	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	277	15	bodies	body	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	277	17	st	st	PROPN
eltls-56623	277	18	takes	take	VERB
eltls-56623	277	19	custody	custody	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	20	comparing	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	277	21	national	national	ADJ
eltls-56623	277	22	child	child	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	23	protection	protection	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	24	services	service	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	25	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	277	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	277	27	abduction	abduction	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	28	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	277	29	children	child	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	30	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	277	31	force	force	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	32	can	can	AUX
eltls-56623	277	33	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	277	34	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	277	35	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	277	36	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	277	37	same	same	ADJ
eltls-56623	277	38	ticket	ticket	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	39	...	...	PUNCT
eltls-56623	277	40	unconstitutional	unconstitutional	ADJ
eltls-56623	277	41	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	277	42	equate	equate	VERB
eltls-56623	277	43	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	277	44	eligibility	eligibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	45	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	277	46	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	277	47	opponents	opponent	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	48	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	277	49	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	277	50	illegitimate	illegitimate	ADJ
eltls-56623	277	51	existence	existence	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	52	table	table	NOUN
eltls-56623	277	53	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	277	54	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	278	1	examples	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	278	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	278	3	disaster	disaster	NOUN
eltls-56623	278	4	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	278	5	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	278	6	function	function	VERB
eltls-56623	278	7	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	278	8	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	278	9	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	278	10	huge	huge	ADJ
eltls-56623	278	11	disaster	disaster	NOUN
eltls-56623	278	12	!	!	PUNCT
eltls-56623	278	13	!	!	PUNCT
eltls-56623	278	14	!	!	PUNCT
eltls-56623	279	1	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	279	2	portray	portray	VERB
eltls-56623	279	3	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	279	4	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	279	5	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	6	opponents	opponent	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	7	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	279	8	situation	situation	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	9	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	279	10	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	279	11	uncontrollable	uncontrollable	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	12	catastrophe	catastrophe	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	13	things	thing	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	14	got	get	VERB
eltls-56623	279	15	spicy	spicy	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	16	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	279	17	portray	portray	VERB
eltls-56623	279	18	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	19	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	20	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	279	21	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	279	22	fierce	fierce	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	23	conflict	conflict	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	24	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	279	25	battle	battle	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	279	27	real	real	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	28	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	279	29	tragedy	tragedy	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	30	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	279	31	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	279	32	his	his	PRON
eltls-56623	279	33	own	own	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	34	election	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	35	loss	loss	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	36	comparing	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	279	37	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	279	38	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	39	failure	failure	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	40	politician	politician	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	41	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	279	42	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	279	43	shooting	shooting	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	44	tragedy	tragedy	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	45	numbers	number	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	46	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	279	47	illegal	illegal	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	48	aliens	alien	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	49	allowed	allow	VERB
eltls-56623	279	50	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	279	51	vote	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	279	52	...	...	PUNCT
eltls-56623	279	53	growing	grow	VERB
eltls-56623	279	54	comparing	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	279	55	illegal	illegal	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	56	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	57	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	279	58	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	279	59	threatening	threatening	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	60	biological	biological	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	61	group	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	62	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	279	63	proliferates	proliferate	VERB
eltls-56623	279	64	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	279	65	reproduces	reproduce	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	66	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	279	67	infiltrates	infiltrate	VERB
eltls-56623	279	68	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	279	69	national	national	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	70	electoral	electoral	ADJ
eltls-56623	279	71	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	72	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	279	73	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	279	74	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	75	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	76	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	279	77	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	78	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	79	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	279	80	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	280	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	280	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	280	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	280	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	280	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	280	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	280	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	280	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	280	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	280	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	280	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	280	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	280	13	149	149	NUM
eltls-56623	280	14	hijack	hijack	NOUN
eltls-56623	280	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	280	16	election	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	280	17	results	result	NOUN
eltls-56623	280	18	describing	describe	VERB
eltls-56623	280	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	280	20	electoral	electoral	ADJ
eltls-56623	280	21	process	process	NOUN
eltls-56623	280	22	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	280	23	having	having	AUX
eltls-56623	280	24	been	be	AUX
eltls-56623	280	25	manipulated	manipulate	VERB
eltls-56623	280	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	280	27	rigged	rig	VERB
eltls-56623	280	28	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	280	29	violently	violently	ADV
eltls-56623	280	30	hijacked	hijack	VERB
eltls-56623	280	31	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	280	32	malicious	malicious	ADJ
eltls-56623	280	33	forces	force	NOUN
eltls-56623	280	34	table	table	NOUN
eltls-56623	280	35	3	3	NUM
eltls-56623	280	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	281	1	examples	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	281	3	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	4	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	5	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	6	function	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	7	sorreeeeey	sorreeeeey	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	8	i	i	PRON
eltls-56623	281	9	birthed	birth	VERB
eltls-56623	281	10	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	281	11	gamer	gamer	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	12	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	281	13	liken	liken	VERB
eltls-56623	281	14	children	child	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	15	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	281	16	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	281	17	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	18	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	281	19	does	do	AUX
eltls-56623	281	20	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	281	21	produce	produce	VERB
eltls-56623	281	22	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	281	23	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	281	24	type	type	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	281	26	labour	labour	ADJ
eltls-56623	281	27	force	force	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	28	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	281	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	281	30	nation	nation	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	31	trump	trump	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	32	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	281	33	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	281	34	loser	loser	NOUN
eltls-56623	281	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	282	1	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	282	2	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	282	3	losing	lose	VERB
eltls-56623	282	4	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	282	5	election	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	282	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	282	7	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	282	8	being	be	AUX
eltls-56623	282	9	defeated	defeat	VERB
eltls-56623	282	10	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	282	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	282	12	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	282	13	arena	arena	NOUN
eltls-56623	282	14	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	282	15	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	282	16	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	282	17	devoid	devoid	ADJ
eltls-56623	282	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	282	19	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	282	20	acumen	acuman	NOUN
eltls-56623	282	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	283	1	table	table	NOUN
eltls-56623	283	2	4	4	NUM
eltls-56623	283	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	284	1	examples	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	284	3	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
eltls-56623	284	4	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	5	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	6	function	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	7	president	president	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	8	trump	trump	VERB
eltls-56623	284	9	returns	return	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	10	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	284	11	new	new	PROPN
eltls-56623	284	12	york	york	PROPN
eltls-56623	284	13	transforming	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	284	14	legal	legal	ADJ
eltls-56623	284	15	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	16	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	284	17	theatre	theatre	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	18	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	284	19	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	284	20	no	no	PRON
eltls-56623	284	21	longer	long	ADV
eltls-56623	284	22	solemn	solemn	ADJ
eltls-56623	284	23	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	284	24	turned	turn	VERB
eltls-56623	284	25	his	his	PRON
eltls-56623	284	26	home	home	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	27	state	state	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	28	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	284	29	somalia	somalia	PROPN
eltls-56623	284	30	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	284	31	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	284	32	ambition	ambition	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	33	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	284	34	transforming	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	284	35	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	284	36	state	state	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	37	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	284	38	one	one	PRON
eltls-56623	284	39	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	284	40	own	own	ADJ
eltls-56623	284	41	homeland	homeland	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	42	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	284	43	mass	mass	ADJ
eltls-56623	284	44	shooting	shooting	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	45	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	284	46	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	284	47	small	small	ADJ
eltls-56623	284	48	price	price	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	49	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	284	50	pay	pay	VERB
eltls-56623	284	51	comparing	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	284	52	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	284	53	loss	loss	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	54	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	284	55	life	life	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	56	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	284	57	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	284	58	tragedy	tragedy	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	59	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	284	60	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	284	61	cost	cost	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	62	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	284	63	can	can	AUX
eltls-56623	284	64	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	284	65	justified	justify	VERB
eltls-56623	284	66	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	284	67	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	284	68	particular	particular	ADJ
eltls-56623	284	69	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	284	70	objective	objective	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	71	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	284	72	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	284	73	protection	protection	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	74	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	284	75	gun	gun	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	76	ownership	ownership	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	77	rights	right	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	78	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	284	79	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	284	80	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	284	81	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	284	82	plan	plan	NOUN
eltls-56623	284	83	all	all	ADV
eltls-56623	284	84	along	along	ADV
eltls-56623	284	85	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	285	1	comparing	compare	VERB
eltls-56623	285	2	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
eltls-56623	285	3	participation	participation	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	4	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	285	5	elections	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	6	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	285	7	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	285	8	intended	intend	VERB
eltls-56623	285	9	internal	internal	ADJ
eltls-56623	285	10	operation	operation	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	11	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	285	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	285	13	nation	nation	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	14	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	285	15	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	285	16	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	17	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	285	18	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	19	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	285	20	breaking	break	VERB
eltls-56623	285	21	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	285	22	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	285	23	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	285	24	brief	brief	ADJ
eltls-56623	285	25	re	re	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	26	abortion	abortion	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	285	28	supreme	supreme	PROPN
eltls-56623	285	29	court	court	PROPN
eltls-56623	285	30	justices	justice	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	31	amy	amy	PROPN
eltls-56623	285	32	coney	coney	PROPN
eltls-56623	285	33	barrett	barrett	PROPN
eltls-56623	285	34	/	/	SYM
eltls-56623	285	35	alito	alito	PROPN
eltls-56623	285	36	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	285	37	draft	draft	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	285	39	said	say	VERB
eltls-56623	285	40	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	285	41	needs	need	VERB
eltls-56623	285	42	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	285	43	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	285	44	domestic	domestic	ADJ
eltls-56623	285	45	supply	supply	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	46	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	285	47	infants	infant	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	48	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	285	49	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	285	50	meet	meet	VERB
eltls-56623	285	51	needs	need	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	52	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	285	53	parents	parent	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	54	seeking	seek	VERB
eltls-56623	285	55	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	285	56	adopt	adopt	VERB
eltls-56623	285	57	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	285	58	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	285	59	those	those	PRON
eltls-56623	285	60	who	who	PRON
eltls-56623	285	61	would	would	AUX
eltls-56623	285	62	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
eltls-56623	285	63	abort	abort	VERB
eltls-56623	285	64	must	must	AUX
eltls-56623	285	65	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	285	66	made	make	VERB
eltls-56623	285	67	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	285	68	carry	carry	VERB
eltls-56623	285	69	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	285	70	term	term	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	71	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	285	72	giving	give	VERB
eltls-56623	285	73	children	child	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	74	up	up	ADP
eltls-56623	285	75	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	285	76	adoption	adoption	NOUN
eltls-56623	285	77	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	286	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	286	2	term	term	NOUN
eltls-56623	286	3	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	286	4	supply	supply	NOUN
eltls-56623	286	5	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	286	6	combined	combine	VERB
eltls-56623	286	7	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	286	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	286	9	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	286	10	quotation	quotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	286	11	marks	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	286	12	creates	create	VERB
eltls-56623	286	13	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	286	14	chain	chain	NOUN
eltls-56623	286	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	286	16	operations	operation	NOUN
eltls-56623	286	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	286	18	forming	form	VERB
eltls-56623	286	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	286	20	imagery	imagery	NOUN
eltls-56623	286	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	286	22	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	286	23	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	286	24	domestic	domestic	ADJ
eltls-56623	286	25	supply	supply	NOUN
eltls-56623	286	26	chain	chain	NOUN
eltls-56623	286	27	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	286	28	infants	infant	NOUN
eltls-56623	286	29	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	286	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	287	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	287	2	term	term	NOUN
eltls-56623	287	3	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	287	4	supply	supply	NOUN
eltls-56623	287	5	chain	chain	NOUN
eltls-56623	287	6	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	287	7	carries	carry	VERB
eltls-56623	287	8	pronounced	pronounce	VERB
eltls-56623	287	9	industrial	industrial	ADJ
eltls-56623	287	10	/	/	SYM
eltls-56623	287	11	military	military	ADJ
eltls-56623	287	12	/	/	SYM
eltls-56623	287	13	warfare	warfare	NOUN
eltls-56623	287	14	connotations	connotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	287	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	288	1	under	under	ADP
eltls-56623	288	2	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	288	3	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	288	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	288	5	infants	infant	NOUN
eltls-56623	288	6	become	become	VERB
eltls-56623	288	7	strategic	strategic	ADJ
eltls-56623	288	8	commodities	commodity	NOUN
eltls-56623	288	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	288	10	women	woman	NOUN
eltls-56623	288	11	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	288	12	wombs	womb	NOUN
eltls-56623	288	13	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	288	14	reconfigured	reconfigure	VERB
eltls-56623	288	15	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	288	16	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	288	17	population	population	NOUN
eltls-56623	288	18	factories	factory	NOUN
eltls-56623	288	19	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	288	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	288	21	stripped	strip	VERB
eltls-56623	288	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	288	23	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	288	24	subjectivity	subjectivity	NOUN
eltls-56623	288	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	288	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	288	27	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	288	28	reproductive	reproductive	ADJ
eltls-56623	288	29	rights	right	NOUN
eltls-56623	288	30	alienated	alienate	VERB
eltls-56623	288	31	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	288	32	state	state	NOUN
eltls-56623	288	33	demands	demand	NOUN
eltls-56623	288	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	289	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	289	2	implicit	implicit	ADJ
eltls-56623	289	3	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	4	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	5	logic	logic	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	289	7	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	289	8	filling	fill	VERB
eltls-56623	289	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	289	10	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	ADJ
eltls-56623	289	11	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	289	12	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	289	15	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	16	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	17	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	289	19	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	289	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	289	21	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	289	22	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	23	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	289	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	289	25	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	289	26	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	289	27	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	289	28	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	289	29	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	289	30	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	289	31	150	150	NUM
eltls-56623	289	32	infant	infant	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	33	gap	gap	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	34	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	289	35	wears	wear	VERB
eltls-56623	289	36	anti	anti	ADJ
eltls-56623	289	37	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	289	38	abortion	abortion	ADJ
eltls-56623	289	39	legislation	legislation	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	40	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	289	41	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	289	42	guise	guise	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	43	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	289	44	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	289	45	necessity	necessity	NOUN
eltls-56623	289	46	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	290	1	trump	trump	NOUN
eltls-56623	290	2	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	290	3	we	we	PRON
eltls-56623	290	4	’ve	’ve	AUX
eltls-56623	290	5	been	be	AUX
eltls-56623	290	6	waging	wage	VERB
eltls-56623	290	7	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	290	8	all	all	ADV
eltls-56623	290	9	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	290	10	out	out	ADJ
eltls-56623	290	11	war	war	NOUN
eltls-56623	290	12	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	290	13	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	290	14	democracy	democracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	290	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	290	16	mapping	mapping	NOUN
eltls-56623	290	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	290	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	290	19	source	source	NOUN
eltls-56623	290	20	domain	domain	NOUN
eltls-56623	290	21	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	290	22	war	war	NOUN
eltls-56623	290	23	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	290	24	onto	onto	ADP
eltls-56623	290	25	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	290	26	target	target	NOUN
eltls-56623	290	27	domain	domain	NOUN
eltls-56623	290	28	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	290	29	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	290	30	struggle	struggle	NOUN
eltls-56623	290	31	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	290	32	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	290	33	uncommon	uncommon	ADJ
eltls-56623	290	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	291	1	trump	trump	VERB
eltls-56623	291	2	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	291	3	original	original	ADJ
eltls-56623	291	4	phrase	phrase	NOUN
eltls-56623	291	5	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	291	6	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	291	7	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	291	8	democracy	democracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	291	9	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	291	10	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	291	11	deliberately	deliberately	ADV
eltls-56623	291	12	altered	alter	VERB
eltls-56623	291	13	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	291	14	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	291	15	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	291	16	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	291	17	democracy	democracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	291	18	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	291	19	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	291	20	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	291	21	single	single	ADJ
eltls-56623	291	22	word	word	NOUN
eltls-56623	291	23	difference	difference	NOUN
eltls-56623	291	24	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	291	25	completely	completely	ADV
eltls-56623	291	26	reverses	reverse	VERB
eltls-56623	291	27	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	291	28	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	291	29	direction	direction	NOUN
eltls-56623	291	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	292	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	292	2	twists	twist	VERB
eltls-56623	292	3	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	292	4	struggling	struggle	VERB
eltls-56623	292	5	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	292	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	292	7	democratic	democratic	ADJ
eltls-56623	292	8	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	292	9	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	292	10	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	292	11	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	292	12	waging	wage	VERB
eltls-56623	292	13	war	war	NOUN
eltls-56623	292	14	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	292	15	democracy	democracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	292	16	itself	itself	PRON
eltls-56623	292	17	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	292	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	293	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	293	2	subtlety	subtlety	NOUN
eltls-56623	293	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	293	4	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	293	5	distortion	distortion	NOUN
eltls-56623	293	6	lies	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	293	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	293	8	exploiting	exploit	VERB
eltls-56623	293	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	293	10	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
eltls-56623	293	11	differences	difference	NOUN
eltls-56623	293	12	between	between	ADP
eltls-56623	293	13	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	293	14	prepositions	preposition	NOUN
eltls-56623	293	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	294	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	294	2	preposition	preposition	NOUN
eltls-56623	294	3	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	294	4	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	294	5	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	294	6	inherently	inherently	ADV
eltls-56623	294	7	carries	carry	VERB
eltls-56623	294	8	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	294	9	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
eltls-56623	294	10	connotation	connotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	294	11	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	294	12	war	war	NOUN
eltls-56623	294	13	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	294	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	294	15	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	294	16	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	294	17	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	294	18	war	war	NOUN
eltls-56623	294	19	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	294	20	terror	terror	NOUN
eltls-56623	294	21	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	294	22	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	294	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	294	24	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
eltls-56623	294	25	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	294	26	in	in	SCONJ
eltls-56623	294	27	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	294	28	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	294	29	denotes	denote	VERB
eltls-56623	294	30	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	294	31	location	location	NOUN
eltls-56623	294	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	294	33	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	294	34	battlefield	battlefield	NOUN
eltls-56623	294	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	295	1	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	295	2	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	295	3	metaphorical	metaphorical	ADJ
eltls-56623	295	4	construction	construction	NOUN
eltls-56623	295	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	295	6	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	295	7	’	’	PART
eltls-56623	295	8	perceptions	perception	NOUN
eltls-56623	295	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	295	10	trump	trump	NOUN
eltls-56623	295	11	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	295	12	inevitably	inevitably	ADV
eltls-56623	295	13	altered	alter	VERB
eltls-56623	295	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	296	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	296	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	296	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	296	4	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	296	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	296	6	left	left	NOUN
eltls-56623	296	7	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	296	8	somalia	somalia	PROPN
eltls-56623	296	9	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	296	10	flag	flag	NOUN
eltls-56623	296	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	297	1	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	297	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	297	3	right	right	NOUN
eltls-56623	297	4	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	297	5	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
eltls-56623	297	6	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	297	7	new	new	ADJ
eltls-56623	297	8	state	state	NOUN
eltls-56623	297	9	flag	flag	NOUN
eltls-56623	297	10	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	297	11	tim	tim	PROPN
eltls-56623	297	12	walz	walz	PROPN
eltls-56623	297	13	revealed	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	297	14	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	297	15	january	january	PROPN
eltls-56623	297	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	298	1	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	298	2	turned	turn	VERB
eltls-56623	298	3	his	his	PRON
eltls-56623	298	4	home	home	NOUN
eltls-56623	298	5	state	state	NOUN
eltls-56623	298	6	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	298	7	somalia	somalia	PROPN
eltls-56623	298	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	298	9	now	now	ADV
eltls-56623	298	10	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	298	11	wants	want	VERB
eltls-56623	298	12	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	298	13	do	do	VERB
eltls-56623	298	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	298	15	same	same	ADJ
eltls-56623	298	16	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	298	17	our	our	PRON
eltls-56623	298	18	country	country	NOUN
eltls-56623	298	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	299	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	299	2	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	299	3	binds	bind	VERB
eltls-56623	299	4	common	common	ADJ
eltls-56623	299	5	flag	flag	NOUN
eltls-56623	299	6	elements	element	NOUN
eltls-56623	299	7	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	299	8	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	299	9	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
eltls-56623	299	10	groups	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	299	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	299	12	exploiting	exploit	VERB
eltls-56623	299	13	deep	deep	ADJ
eltls-56623	299	14	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	299	15	seated	seat	VERB
eltls-56623	299	16	anxieties	anxiety	NOUN
eltls-56623	299	17	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	299	18	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	299	19	society	society	NOUN
eltls-56623	299	20	about	about	ADP
eltls-56623	299	21	immigration	immigration	NOUN
eltls-56623	299	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	300	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	300	2	transforms	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	300	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	300	4	notion	notion	NOUN
eltls-56623	300	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	300	6	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	300	7	cultural	cultural	ADJ
eltls-56623	300	8	influence	influence	NOUN
eltls-56623	300	9	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	300	10	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
eltls-56623	300	11	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	300	12	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	300	13	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	300	14	war	war	NOUN
eltls-56623	300	15	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	300	16	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	300	17	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	300	18	territorial	territorial	ADJ
eltls-56623	300	19	displacement	displacement	NOUN
eltls-56623	300	20	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	300	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	301	2	key	key	ADJ
eltls-56623	301	3	points	point	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	4	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	301	5	conveys	convey	VERB
eltls-56623	301	6	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	301	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	8	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	301	9	similarities	similarity	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	10	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	301	11	maliciously	maliciously	ADV
eltls-56623	301	12	exaggerated	exaggerated	ADJ
eltls-56623	301	13	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	301	15	universal	universal	ADJ
eltls-56623	301	16	design	design	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	17	elements	element	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	301	19	blue	blue	ADJ
eltls-56623	301	20	background	background	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	301	22	stars	star	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	23	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	301	24	portrayed	portray	VERB
eltls-56623	301	25	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	301	26	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	27	copied	copy	VERB
eltls-56623	301	28	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	29	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	30	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	31	democratic	democratic	ADJ
eltls-56623	301	32	design	design	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	33	procedures	procedure	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	34	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	301	35	reframed	reframe	VERB
eltls-56623	301	36	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	301	37	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	38	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	39	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	40	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	41	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	301	42	diverse	diverse	ADJ
eltls-56623	301	43	committee	committee	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	44	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	301	45	simplified	simplify	VERB
eltls-56623	301	46	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	301	47	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	301	48	governor	governor	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	49	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	301	50	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	301	51	will	will	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	52	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	53	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	54	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	301	55	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	301	56	existence	existence	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	57	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	301	58	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	301	59	somalia	somalia	PROPN
eltls-56623	301	60	immigrant	immigrant	PROPN
eltls-56623	301	61	community	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	62	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	301	63	distorted	distort	VERB
eltls-56623	301	64	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	301	65	evidence	evidence	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	66	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	301	67	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	68	cultural	cultural	ADJ
eltls-56623	301	69	occupation	occupation	NOUN
eltls-56623	301	70	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	301	71	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	302	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	302	2	metaphorical	metaphorical	ADJ
eltls-56623	302	3	imagery	imagery	NOUN
eltls-56623	302	4	guides	guide	VERB
eltls-56623	302	5	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	302	6	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	302	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	302	8	factual	factual	ADJ
eltls-56623	302	9	flag	flag	NOUN
eltls-56623	302	10	change	change	NOUN
eltls-56623	302	11	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	302	12	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	302	13	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	302	14	equivalence	equivalence	NOUN
eltls-56623	302	15	where	where	SCONJ
eltls-56623	302	16	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
eltls-56623	302	17	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	302	18	becomes	become	VERB
eltls-56623	302	19	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	302	20	somalia	somalia	PROPN
eltls-56623	302	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	302	22	culminating	culminate	VERB
eltls-56623	302	23	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	302	24	warnings	warning	NOUN
eltls-56623	302	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	302	26	national	national	ADJ
eltls-56623	302	27	subversion	subversion	NOUN
eltls-56623	302	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	302	29	inciting	incite	VERB
eltls-56623	302	30	panic	panic	NOUN
eltls-56623	302	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	303	1	4.2.2	4.2.2	NUM
eltls-56623	303	2	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	303	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	303	4	change	change	NOUN
eltls-56623	303	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	303	6	increasing	increase	VERB
eltls-56623	303	7	annual	annual	ADJ
eltls-56623	303	8	usage	usage	NOUN
eltls-56623	303	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	303	10	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	303	11	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	303	12	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	303	13	led	lead	VERB
eltls-56623	303	14	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	303	15	diminished	diminish	VERB
eltls-56623	303	16	user	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	303	17	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	303	18	spans	span	NOUN
eltls-56623	303	19	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	303	20	routine	routine	ADJ
eltls-56623	303	21	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	303	22	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	303	23	alghamdi	alghamdi	NOUN
eltls-56623	303	24	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	303	25	aljabr	aljabr	PROPN
eltls-56623	303	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	303	27	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	303	28	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	303	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	304	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
eltls-56623	304	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	304	3	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	304	4	capture	capture	VERB
eltls-56623	304	5	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	304	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	304	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	304	8	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	304	9	complexity	complexity	NOUN
eltls-56623	304	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	304	11	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	304	12	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	304	13	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	304	14	grown	grow	VERB
eltls-56623	304	15	yearly	yearly	ADV
eltls-56623	304	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	305	1	meanwhile	meanwhile	ADV
eltls-56623	305	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	305	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	305	4	maturing	mature	VERB
eltls-56623	305	5	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	305	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	305	7	checking	check	VERB
eltls-56623	305	8	capabilities	capability	NOUN
eltls-56623	305	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	305	10	platforms	platform	NOUN
eltls-56623	305	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	305	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	305	13	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
eltls-56623	305	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	305	15	dedicated	dedicated	ADJ
eltls-56623	305	16	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	305	17	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	305	18	checking	check	VERB
eltls-56623	305	19	websites	website	NOUN
eltls-56623	305	20	have	have	AUX
eltls-56623	305	21	progressively	progressively	ADV
eltls-56623	305	22	squeezed	squeeze	VERB
eltls-56623	305	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	305	24	space	space	NOUN
eltls-56623	305	25	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	305	26	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	305	27	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	305	28	thrive	thrive	VERB
eltls-56623	305	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	306	1	thus	thus	ADV
eltls-56623	306	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	306	3	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	306	4	defences	defence	NOUN
eltls-56623	306	5	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	306	6	continually	continually	ADV
eltls-56623	306	7	being	be	AUX
eltls-56623	306	8	brought	bring	VERB
eltls-56623	306	9	forward	forward	ADV
eltls-56623	306	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	307	1	1	1	X
eltls-56623	307	2	.	.	X
eltls-56623	307	3	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	307	4	complexification	complexification	NOUN
eltls-56623	307	5	over	over	ADP
eltls-56623	307	6	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	307	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	307	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	307	9	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	307	10	complexity	complexity	NOUN
eltls-56623	307	11	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	307	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	307	13	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	307	14	gradually	gradually	ADV
eltls-56623	307	15	increased	increase	VERB
eltls-56623	307	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	307	17	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-56623	307	18	evidenced	evidence	VERB
eltls-56623	307	19	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	307	20	shifts	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	307	21	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	307	22	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ
eltls-56623	307	23	satire	satire	NOUN
eltls-56623	307	24	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	307	25	ironic	ironic	ADJ
eltls-56623	307	26	satire	satire	NOUN
eltls-56623	307	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	307	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	307	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	307	30	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	307	31	emergence	emergence	NOUN
eltls-56623	307	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	307	33	feigned	feigned	ADJ
eltls-56623	307	34	impartiality	impartiality	NOUN
eltls-56623	307	35	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	307	36	suggestive	suggestive	ADJ
eltls-56623	307	37	innuendo	innuendo	NOUN
eltls-56623	307	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	308	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	308	2	example:(2022	example:(2022	NOUN
eltls-56623	308	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	309	1	oh	oh	INTJ
eltls-56623	309	2	my	my	INTJ
eltls-56623	309	3	gosh	gosh	INTJ
eltls-56623	309	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	309	5	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	309	6	did	do	VERB
eltls-56623	309	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	310	1	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	310	2	put	put	VERB
eltls-56623	310	3	his	his	PRON
eltls-56623	310	4	medal	medal	NOUN
eltls-56623	310	5	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	310	6	backward	backward	ADV
eltls-56623	310	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	311	1	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	311	2	’s	’s	AUX
eltls-56623	311	3	declining	decline	VERB
eltls-56623	311	4	before	before	ADP
eltls-56623	311	5	our	our	PRON
eltls-56623	311	6	eyes	eye	NOUN
eltls-56623	311	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	312	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	312	2	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	312	3	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	312	4	blunt	blunt	ADJ
eltls-56623	312	5	satire	satire	NOUN
eltls-56623	312	6	concerning	concern	VERB
eltls-56623	312	7	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	312	8	wearing	wear	VERB
eltls-56623	312	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	312	10	wrong	wrong	ADJ
eltls-56623	312	11	medal	medal	NOUN
eltls-56623	312	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	313	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	313	2	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	313	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	313	4	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	313	5	satire	satire	NOUN
eltls-56623	313	6	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	313	7	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-56623	313	8	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	313	9	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	313	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	313	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	313	12	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	313	13	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	313	14	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	313	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	314	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	314	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	314	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	314	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	314	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	314	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	314	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	314	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	314	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	314	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	314	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	314	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	314	13	151	151	NUM
eltls-56623	314	14	quite	quite	ADV
eltls-56623	314	15	evident	evident	ADJ
eltls-56623	314	16	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	314	17	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	314	18	relies	rely	VERB
eltls-56623	314	19	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	314	20	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	314	21	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	314	22	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	314	23	incident	incident	NOUN
eltls-56623	314	24	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	314	25	deliver	deliver	VERB
eltls-56623	314	26	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	314	27	direct	direct	ADJ
eltls-56623	314	28	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	314	29	attack	attack	NOUN
eltls-56623	314	30	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	314	31	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	314	32	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	314	33	's	be	AUX
eltls-56623	314	34	declining	decline	VERB
eltls-56623	314	35	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	314	36	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	314	37	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	315	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	315	2	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	315	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	315	4	white	white	PROPN
eltls-56623	315	5	house	house	PROPN
eltls-56623	315	6	announces	announce	VERB
eltls-56623	315	7	there	there	PRON
eltls-56623	315	8	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	315	9	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	315	10	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	315	11	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	315	12	intermissions	intermission	NOUN
eltls-56623	315	13	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	315	14	during	during	ADP
eltls-56623	315	15	tonight	tonight	NOUN
eltls-56623	315	16	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	315	17	state	state	NOUN
eltls-56623	315	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	315	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	315	20	union	union	NOUN
eltls-56623	315	21	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	315	22	satirical	satirical	ADJ
eltls-56623	315	23	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	315	24	employed	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	315	25	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	315	26	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	315	27	instance	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	315	28	adopts	adopt	VERB
eltls-56623	315	29	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	315	30	different	different	ADJ
eltls-56623	315	31	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-56623	315	32	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	315	33	ostensibly	ostensibly	ADV
eltls-56623	315	34	presenting	present	VERB
eltls-56623	315	35	factual	factual	ADJ
eltls-56623	315	36	statements	statement	NOUN
eltls-56623	315	37	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	315	38	subtly	subtly	ADV
eltls-56623	315	39	mocking	mock	VERB
eltls-56623	315	40	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	315	41	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	315	42	age	age	NOUN
eltls-56623	315	43	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	315	44	declining	decline	VERB
eltls-56623	315	45	health	health	NOUN
eltls-56623	315	46	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	316	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	316	2	crux	crux	NOUN
eltls-56623	316	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	316	4	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	316	5	irony	irony	NOUN
eltls-56623	316	6	lies	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	316	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	316	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	316	9	public	public	NOUN
eltls-56623	316	10	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	316	11	association	association	NOUN
eltls-56623	316	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	316	13	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	316	14	neutral	neutral	ADJ
eltls-56623	316	15	term	term	NOUN
eltls-56623	316	16	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	316	17	intermissions	intermission	NOUN
eltls-56623	316	18	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	316	19	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	316	20	theatrical	theatrical	ADJ
eltls-56623	316	21	performances	performance	NOUN
eltls-56623	316	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	316	23	entertainment	entertainment	NOUN
eltls-56623	316	24	programmes	programme	NOUN
eltls-56623	316	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	317	1	applying	apply	VERB
eltls-56623	317	2	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	317	3	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	317	4	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	317	5	events	event	NOUN
eltls-56623	317	6	defuses	defuse	VERB
eltls-56623	317	7	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	317	8	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	317	9	significance	significance	NOUN
eltls-56623	317	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	317	11	transforming	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	317	12	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	317	13	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	317	14	entertainment	entertainment	NOUN
eltls-56623	317	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	318	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	318	2	adopting	adopt	VERB
eltls-56623	318	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	318	4	form	form	NOUN
eltls-56623	318	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	318	6	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	318	7	official	official	ADJ
eltls-56623	318	8	statement	statement	NOUN
eltls-56623	318	9	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	318	10	bolster	bolster	VERB
eltls-56623	318	11	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	318	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	318	13	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	318	14	prompts	prompt	VERB
eltls-56623	318	15	audiences	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	318	16	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	318	17	mentally	mentally	ADV
eltls-56623	318	18	reconstruct	reconstruct	VERB
eltls-56623	318	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	318	20	scene	scene	NOUN
eltls-56623	318	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	318	22	amplifying	amplify	VERB
eltls-56623	318	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	318	24	absurdity	absurdity	NOUN
eltls-56623	318	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	318	26	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	318	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	318	28	entertainment	entertainment	NOUN
eltls-56623	318	29	elements	element	NOUN
eltls-56623	318	30	coexisting	coexist	VERB
eltls-56623	318	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	319	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	319	2	satire	satire	NOUN
eltls-56623	319	3	escalates	escalate	VERB
eltls-56623	319	4	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	319	5	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	319	6	mocking	mock	VERB
eltls-56623	319	7	blunders	blunder	NOUN
eltls-56623	319	8	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	319	9	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	319	10	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	319	11	passive	passive	ADJ
eltls-56623	319	12	guidance	guidance	NOUN
eltls-56623	319	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	319	14	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	319	15	first	first	ADV
eltls-56623	319	16	eroding	erode	VERB
eltls-56623	319	17	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	319	18	reverence	reverence	NOUN
eltls-56623	319	19	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	319	20	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	319	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	319	22	then	then	ADV
eltls-56623	319	23	dissolving	dissolve	VERB
eltls-56623	319	24	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	319	25	boundary	boundary	NOUN
eltls-56623	319	26	between	between	ADP
eltls-56623	319	27	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	319	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	319	29	fiction	fiction	NOUN
eltls-56623	319	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	319	31	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
eltls-56623	319	32	transforming	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	319	33	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	319	34	events	event	NOUN
eltls-56623	319	35	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	319	36	sitcoms	sitcom	NOUN
eltls-56623	319	37	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	320	1	breaking	break	VERB
eltls-56623	320	2	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	320	3	joe	joe	PROPN
eltls-56623	320	4	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	320	5	reads	read	VERB
eltls-56623	320	6	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	320	7	end	end	NOUN
eltls-56623	320	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	320	9	quote	quote	NOUN
eltls-56623	320	10	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	320	11	during	during	ADP
eltls-56623	320	12	his	his	PRON
eltls-56623	320	13	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-56623	320	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	321	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	321	2	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	321	3	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	321	4	classic	classic	ADJ
eltls-56623	321	5	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	321	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	321	7	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	321	8	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	321	9	selective	selective	ADJ
eltls-56623	321	10	editing	editing	NOUN
eltls-56623	321	11	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	321	12	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	321	13	clearly	clearly	ADV
eltls-56623	321	14	stated	state	VERB
eltls-56623	321	15	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	321	16	end	end	NOUN
eltls-56623	321	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	321	18	quote	quote	NOUN
eltls-56623	321	19	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	321	20	after	after	ADP
eltls-56623	321	21	delivering	deliver	VERB
eltls-56623	321	22	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	321	23	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	321	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	321	25	yet	yet	CCONJ
eltls-56623	321	26	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	321	27	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	321	28	distorted	distort	VERB
eltls-56623	321	29	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	321	30	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	321	31	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	321	32	error	error	NOUN
eltls-56623	321	33	reading	read	VERB
eltls-56623	321	34	teleprompter	teleprompter	NOUN
eltls-56623	321	35	instructions	instruction	NOUN
eltls-56623	321	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	321	37	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	1	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	322	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	322	3	perspective	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	322	5	feigned	feigned	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	6	impartiality	impartiality	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	322	9	sophistication	sophistication	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	322	11	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	322	12	material	material	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	13	lies	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	322	14	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	322	15	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	322	16	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	322	17	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	18	layered	layered	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	19	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	20	disguise	disguise	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	21	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	22	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	322	23	first	first	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	24	layer	layer	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	25	employs	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	322	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	322	27	authoritative	authoritative	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	28	format	format	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	29	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	322	30	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	31	breaking	break	VERB
eltls-56623	322	32	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	33	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	34	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	35	beginning	begin	VERB
eltls-56623	322	36	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	322	37	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	38	breaking	break	VERB
eltls-56623	322	39	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	40	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	41	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	322	42	package	package	VERB
eltls-56623	322	43	subjective	subjective	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	44	attacks	attack	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	45	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	322	46	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	322	47	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	48	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	49	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	50	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	322	51	second	second	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	52	layer	layer	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	53	employs	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	322	54	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	322	55	carefully	carefully	ADV
eltls-56623	322	56	chosen	choose	VERB
eltls-56623	322	57	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	58	objective	objective	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	59	statement	statement	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	60	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	61	verb	verb	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	62	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	63	reads	read	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	64	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	65	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	66	implying	imply	VERB
eltls-56623	322	67	abnormality	abnormality	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	68	without	without	ADP
eltls-56623	322	69	direct	direct	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	70	judgement	judgement	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	71	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	72	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	322	73	technical	technical	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	74	instruction	instruction	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	75	should	should	AUX
eltls-56623	322	76	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	322	77	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	322	78	read	read	VERB
eltls-56623	322	79	aloud	aloud	ADV
eltls-56623	322	80	during	during	ADP
eltls-56623	322	81	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	322	82	normal	normal	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	83	speech	speech	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	84	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	85	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	322	86	third	third	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	87	layer	layer	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	88	conceals	conceal	VERB
eltls-56623	322	89	crucial	crucial	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	90	context	context	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	91	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	322	92	omitting	omit	VERB
eltls-56623	322	93	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	322	94	preceding	precede	VERB
eltls-56623	322	95	logical	logical	ADJ
eltls-56623	322	96	chain	chain	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	97	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	98	she	she	PRON
eltls-56623	322	99	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	100	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	322	101	justice	justice	NOUN
eltls-56623	322	102	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	322	103	said	say	VERB
eltls-56623	322	104	...	...	PUNCT
eltls-56623	323	1	end	end	NOUN
eltls-56623	323	2	quote	quote	INTJ
eltls-56623	323	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	323	4	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	323	5	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	323	6	reconstructing	reconstruct	VERB
eltls-56623	323	7	professional	professional	ADJ
eltls-56623	323	8	conduct	conduct	NOUN
eltls-56623	323	9	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	323	10	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	323	11	absurd	absurd	ADJ
eltls-56623	323	12	blunder	blunder	NOUN
eltls-56623	323	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	324	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	324	2	original	original	ADJ
eltls-56623	324	3	tweet	tweet	NOUN
eltls-56623	324	4	employed	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	324	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	324	6	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	324	7	concise	concise	ADJ
eltls-56623	324	8	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	324	9	factual	factual	ADJ
eltls-56623	324	10	statement	statement	NOUN
eltls-56623	324	11	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	324	12	format	format	NOUN
eltls-56623	324	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	324	14	enabling	enable	VERB
eltls-56623	324	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	324	16	originating	originating	NOUN
eltls-56623	324	17	account	account	NOUN
eltls-56623	324	18	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	324	19	maintain	maintain	VERB
eltls-56623	324	20	superficial	superficial	ADJ
eltls-56623	324	21	objectivity	objectivity	NOUN
eltls-56623	324	22	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	324	23	inducing	induce	VERB
eltls-56623	324	24	other	other	ADJ
eltls-56623	324	25	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	324	26	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	324	27	interpret	interpret	VERB
eltls-56623	324	28	subjectively	subjectively	ADV
eltls-56623	324	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	324	30	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	324	31	achieving	achieve	VERB
eltls-56623	324	32	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	324	33	stigmatising	stigmatise	VERB
eltls-56623	324	34	effect	effect	NOUN
eltls-56623	324	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	325	1	keep	keep	VERB
eltls-56623	325	2	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	325	3	eye	eye	NOUN
eltls-56623	325	4	out	out	ADP
eltls-56623	325	5	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	325	6	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	325	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	326	1	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	326	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	326	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	326	4	many	many	ADJ
eltls-56623	326	5	reasons	reason	NOUN
eltls-56623	326	6	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	326	7	vote	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	326	8	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	326	9	mail	mail	NOUN
eltls-56623	326	10	voters	voter	NOUN
eltls-56623	326	11	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	326	12	concern	concern	NOUN
eltls-56623	326	13	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	326	14	electoral	electoral	ADJ
eltls-56623	326	15	fairness	fairness	NOUN
eltls-56623	326	16	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	326	17	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	326	18	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
eltls-56623	326	19	right	right	NOUN
eltls-56623	326	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	326	21	yet	yet	CCONJ
eltls-56623	326	22	here	here	ADV
eltls-56623	326	23	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	326	24	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	326	25	been	be	AUX
eltls-56623	326	26	exploited	exploit	VERB
eltls-56623	326	27	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	326	28	publisher	publisher	NOUN
eltls-56623	326	29	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	326	30	disseminate	disseminate	VERB
eltls-56623	326	31	falsehoods	falsehood	NOUN
eltls-56623	326	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	327	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	327	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	327	3	clearly	clearly	ADV
eltls-56623	327	4	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	327	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	327	6	covertly	covertly	ADV
eltls-56623	327	7	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
eltls-56623	327	8	undertones	undertone	NOUN
eltls-56623	327	9	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	327	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	327	11	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	327	12	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	327	13	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	327	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	328	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	328	2	entire	entire	ADJ
eltls-56623	328	3	passage	passage	NOUN
eltls-56623	328	4	contains	contain	VERB
eltls-56623	328	5	no	no	DET
eltls-56623	328	6	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	328	7	falsifiable	falsifiable	ADJ
eltls-56623	328	8	assertions	assertion	NOUN
eltls-56623	328	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	328	10	relying	rely	VERB
eltls-56623	328	11	subtle	subtle	ADJ
eltls-56623	328	12	innuendo	innuendo	NOUN
eltls-56623	328	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	328	14	suggestive	suggestive	ADJ
eltls-56623	328	15	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	328	16	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	328	17	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	328	18	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	328	19	semantics	semantic	NOUN
eltls-56623	328	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	329	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	329	2	phrase	phrase	NOUN
eltls-56623	329	3	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	329	4	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	329	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	329	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	329	7	many	many	ADJ
eltls-56623	329	8	reasons	reason	NOUN
eltls-56623	329	9	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	329	10	carries	carry	VERB
eltls-56623	329	11	multiple	multiple	ADJ
eltls-56623	329	12	layers	layer	NOUN
eltls-56623	329	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	329	14	meaning	meaning	NOUN
eltls-56623	329	15	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	329	16	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	329	17	first	first	ADV
eltls-56623	329	18	suggests	suggest	VERB
eltls-56623	329	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	329	20	existence	existence	NOUN
eltls-56623	329	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	329	22	numerous	numerous	ADJ
eltls-56623	329	23	other	other	ADJ
eltls-56623	329	24	justifications	justification	NOUN
eltls-56623	329	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	329	26	then	then	ADV
eltls-56623	329	27	seamlessly	seamlessly	ADV
eltls-56623	329	28	integrates	integrate	VERB
eltls-56623	329	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	329	30	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	329	31	claim	claim	NOUN
eltls-56623	329	32	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	329	33	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	329	34	seemingly	seemingly	ADV
eltls-56623	329	35	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
eltls-56623	329	36	suggestion	suggestion	NOUN
eltls-56623	329	37	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	330	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
eltls-56623	330	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	330	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	330	4	inherent	inherent	ADJ
eltls-56623	330	5	logical	logical	ADJ
eltls-56623	330	6	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	330	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	330	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	330	9	word	word	NOUN
eltls-56623	330	10	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	330	11	reason	reason	NOUN
eltls-56623	330	12	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	330	13	subconsciously	subconsciously	ADV
eltls-56623	330	14	inclines	incline	VERB
eltls-56623	330	15	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	330	16	towards	towards	ADP
eltls-56623	330	17	acceptance	acceptance	NOUN
eltls-56623	330	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	331	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	331	2	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	331	3	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
eltls-56623	331	4	aspect	aspect	NOUN
eltls-56623	331	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	331	6	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	331	7	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	331	8	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	331	9	lies	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	331	10	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	331	11	transforming	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	331	12	democratic	democratic	ADJ
eltls-56623	331	13	participation	participation	NOUN
eltls-56623	331	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	331	15	voting	voting	NOUN
eltls-56623	331	16	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	331	17	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	331	18	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	331	19	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	331	20	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	331	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	331	22	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	331	23	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	331	24	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	331	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	332	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	332	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	332	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	332	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	332	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	332	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	332	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	332	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	332	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	332	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	332	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	332	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	332	13	152	152	NUM
eltls-56623	332	14	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	332	15	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	332	16	perceived	perceive	VERB
eltls-56623	332	17	threat	threat	NOUN
eltls-56623	332	18	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	332	19	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	332	20	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	332	21	rights	right	NOUN
eltls-56623	332	22	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	332	23	votes	vote	NOUN
eltls-56623	332	24	being	be	AUX
eltls-56623	332	25	invalidated	invalidated	ADJ
eltls-56623	332	26	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	332	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	333	1	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	333	2	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	333	3	seemingly	seemingly	ADV
eltls-56623	333	4	well	well	ADV
eltls-56623	333	5	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	333	6	intentioned	intentione	VERB
eltls-56623	333	7	advice	advice	NOUN
eltls-56623	333	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	333	9	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	333	10	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	333	11	shifted	shift	VERB
eltls-56623	333	12	onto	onto	ADP
eltls-56623	333	13	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	333	14	electors	elector	NOUN
eltls-56623	333	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	333	16	essentially	essentially	ADV
eltls-56623	333	17	manufacturing	manufacture	VERB
eltls-56623	333	18	artificial	artificial	ADJ
eltls-56623	333	19	panic	panic	NOUN
eltls-56623	333	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	334	1	2	2	X
eltls-56623	334	2	.	.	X
eltls-56623	334	3	defence	defence	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	4	forwarding	forward	VERB
eltls-56623	334	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	334	6	defence	defence	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	7	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	8	evolves	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	334	9	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	334	10	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	334	11	counter	counter	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	12	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	334	13	questioning	questioning	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	14	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	334	15	challenge	challenge	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	16	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	334	18	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	334	19	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	334	20	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	334	22	stigmatisation	stigmatisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	23	via	via	ADP
eltls-56623	334	24	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	334	25	motive	motive	ADJ
eltls-56623	334	26	transference	transference	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	27	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	334	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	334	29	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
eltls-56623	334	30	escalating	escalate	VERB
eltls-56623	334	31	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	334	32	construct	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	334	33	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	334	34	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	35	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	36	centred	centre	VERB
eltls-56623	334	37	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	334	38	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	334	39	truth	truth	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	40	suppression	suppression	NOUN
eltls-56623	334	41	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	334	42	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	335	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	335	2	pre	pre	ADJ
eltls-56623	335	3	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	335	4	emptive	emptive	ADJ
eltls-56623	335	5	defence	defence	NOUN
eltls-56623	335	6	manifests	manifest	NOUN
eltls-56623	335	7	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	335	8	only	only	ADV
eltls-56623	335	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	335	10	textual	textual	ADJ
eltls-56623	335	11	positioning	positioning	NOUN
eltls-56623	335	12	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	335	13	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	335	14	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	335	15	shaping	shape	VERB
eltls-56623	335	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	335	17	entire	entire	ADJ
eltls-56623	335	18	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	335	19	reception	reception	NOUN
eltls-56623	335	20	process	process	NOUN
eltls-56623	335	21	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	335	22	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	335	23	reader	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	335	24	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	335	25	mind	mind	NOUN
eltls-56623	335	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	335	27	influencing	influence	VERB
eltls-56623	335	28	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	335	29	sequence	sequence	NOUN
eltls-56623	335	30	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	335	31	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	335	32	effects	effect	NOUN
eltls-56623	335	33	post	post	ADJ
eltls-56623	335	34	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	335	35	reading	reading	ADJ
eltls-56623	335	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	336	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	336	2	defence	defence	NOUN
eltls-56623	336	3	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	336	4	evolves	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	336	5	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	336	6	challenging	challenge	VERB
eltls-56623	336	7	external	external	ADJ
eltls-56623	336	8	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	336	9	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	336	10	checking	checking	NOUN
eltls-56623	336	11	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	336	12	establishing	establish	VERB
eltls-56623	336	13	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	336	14	internally	internally	ADV
eltls-56623	336	15	self	self	NOUN
eltls-56623	336	16	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	336	17	consistent	consistent	ADJ
eltls-56623	336	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	336	19	closed	close	VERB
eltls-56623	336	20	logical	logical	ADJ
eltls-56623	336	21	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	336	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	336	23	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	336	24	granting	grant	VERB
eltls-56623	336	25	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	336	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	336	27	capacity	capacity	NOUN
eltls-56623	336	28	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	336	29	resist	resist	VERB
eltls-56623	336	30	falsification	falsification	NOUN
eltls-56623	336	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	337	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	337	2	example:(2022	example:(2022	NOUN
eltls-56623	337	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	337	4	secret	secret	ADJ
eltls-56623	337	5	service	service	NOUN
eltls-56623	337	6	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	337	7	now	now	ADV
eltls-56623	337	8	officially	officially	ADV
eltls-56623	337	9	debunked	debunk	VERB
eltls-56623	337	10	cassidy	cassidy	PROPN
eltls-56623	337	11	hutchinson	hutchinson	PROPN
eltls-56623	337	12	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	337	13	slanderous	slanderous	ADJ
eltls-56623	337	14	claims	claim	NOUN
eltls-56623	337	15	against	against	ADP
eltls-56623	337	16	president	president	NOUN
eltls-56623	337	17	trump	trump	NOUN
eltls-56623	337	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	337	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	337	20	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	337	21	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	337	22	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	337	23	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	337	24	still	still	ADV
eltls-56623	337	25	running	run	VERB
eltls-56623	337	26	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	337	27	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	337	28	story	story	NOUN
eltls-56623	337	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	338	1	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	338	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	338	3	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	338	4	checkers	checker	NOUN
eltls-56623	338	5	correct	correct	VERB
eltls-56623	338	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	338	7	record	record	NOUN
eltls-56623	338	8	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-56623	339	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	339	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	339	3	employs	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	339	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	339	5	definitive	definitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	339	6	phrasing	phrasing	NOUN
eltls-56623	339	7	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	339	8	secret	secret	ADJ
eltls-56623	339	9	service	service	NOUN
eltls-56623	339	10	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	339	11	now	now	ADV
eltls-56623	339	12	officially	officially	ADV
eltls-56623	339	13	debunked	debunk	VERB
eltls-56623	339	14	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	339	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	339	16	fabricating	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	339	17	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	339	18	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	339	19	official	official	ADJ
eltls-56623	339	20	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	339	21	denial	denial	NOUN
eltls-56623	339	22	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	339	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	339	24	agency	agency	NOUN
eltls-56623	339	25	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	339	26	exploit	exploit	VERB
eltls-56623	339	27	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	339	28	authoritative	authoritative	ADJ
eltls-56623	339	29	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	339	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	340	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	340	2	present	present	ADJ
eltls-56623	340	3	perfect	perfect	ADJ
eltls-56623	340	4	tense	tense	NOUN
eltls-56623	340	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	340	6	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	340	7	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	340	8	debunked	debunk	VERB
eltls-56623	340	9	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	340	10	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	340	11	creates	create	VERB
eltls-56623	340	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	340	13	illusion	illusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	340	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	340	15	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	340	16	established	establish	VERB
eltls-56623	340	17	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	340	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	340	19	obstructing	obstruct	VERB
eltls-56623	340	20	truth	truth	NOUN
eltls-56623	340	21	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	340	22	seeking	seeking	NOUN
eltls-56623	340	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	341	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	341	2	then	then	ADV
eltls-56623	341	3	proactively	proactively	ADV
eltls-56623	341	4	challenges	challenge	VERB
eltls-56623	341	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	341	6	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	341	7	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	341	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	341	9	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	341	10	checkers	checker	NOUN
eltls-56623	341	11	correct	correct	VERB
eltls-56623	341	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	341	13	record?”—a	record?”—a	NOUN
eltls-56623	341	14	defensive	defensive	ADJ
eltls-56623	341	15	tactic	tactic	NOUN
eltls-56623	341	16	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	341	17	presupposes	presuppose	VERB
eltls-56623	341	18	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	341	19	checkers	checker	NOUN
eltls-56623	341	20	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	341	21	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	341	22	correct	correct	VERB
eltls-56623	341	23	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	341	24	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	341	25	thus	thus	ADV
eltls-56623	341	26	aligning	align	VERB
eltls-56623	341	27	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	341	28	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	341	29	protagonist	protagonist	NOUN
eltls-56623	341	30	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	341	31	complicit	complicit	ADJ
eltls-56623	341	32	stance	stance	NOUN
eltls-56623	341	33	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	341	34	disguise	disguise	VERB
eltls-56623	341	35	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	341	36	own	own	ADJ
eltls-56623	341	37	position	position	NOUN
eltls-56623	341	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	2	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	342	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	4	man	man	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	5	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	342	6	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	342	7	really	really	ADV
eltls-56623	342	8	getting	get	VERB
eltls-56623	342	9	desperate	desperate	ADJ
eltls-56623	342	10	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	342	11	halt	halt	VERB
eltls-56623	342	12	his	his	PRON
eltls-56623	342	13	slide	slide	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	14	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	342	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	342	16	polls	poll	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	17	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	342	18	framing	frame	VERB
eltls-56623	342	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	342	20	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	342	21	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	22	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	342	23	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	342	24	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	25	desperate	desperate	ADJ
eltls-56623	342	26	move”of	move”of	PROPN
eltls-56623	342	27	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	342	28	candidate	candidate	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	29	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	342	30	salvage	salvage	VERB
eltls-56623	342	31	his	his	PRON
eltls-56623	342	32	declining	decline	VERB
eltls-56623	342	33	poll	poll	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	34	ratings	rating	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	35	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	342	36	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	342	37	phrase	phrase	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	38	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	39	man	man	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	40	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	41	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	342	42	’s	’s	AUX
eltls-56623	342	43	really	really	ADV
eltls-56623	342	44	getting	get	VERB
eltls-56623	342	45	desperate	desperate	ADJ
eltls-56623	342	46	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	47	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	48	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	342	49	focus	focus	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	50	shifts	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	51	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	342	52	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	342	53	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	54	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	342	55	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	56	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	342	57	criticism	criticism	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	58	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	342	59	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	342	60	candidate	candidate	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	61	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	342	62	motives	motive	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	63	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	64	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	342	65	adjective	adjective	ADJ
eltls-56623	342	66	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	67	desperate	desperate	ADJ
eltls-56623	342	68	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	69	evokes	evoke	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	70	connotations	connotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	71	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	342	72	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	73	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	342	74	bankruptcy	bankruptcy	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	75	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	76	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	342	77	rendering	render	VERB
eltls-56623	342	78	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	342	79	denials	denial	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	80	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	342	81	mere	mere	ADJ
eltls-56623	342	82	sophistry	sophistry	NOUN
eltls-56623	342	83	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	343	1	even	even	ADV
eltls-56623	343	2	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	343	3	later	later	ADV
eltls-56623	343	4	proven	prove	VERB
eltls-56623	343	5	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	343	6	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	343	7	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	343	8	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	343	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	343	10	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	343	11	framing	framing	NOUN
eltls-56623	343	12	perpetuates	perpetuate	VERB
eltls-56623	343	13	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	343	14	perception	perception	NOUN
eltls-56623	343	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	343	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	343	17	candidate	candidate	NOUN
eltls-56623	343	18	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	343	19	unscrupulous	unscrupulous	ADJ
eltls-56623	343	20	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	343	21	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	343	22	who	who	PRON
eltls-56623	343	23	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	343	24	stop	stop	VERB
eltls-56623	343	25	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	343	26	nothing	nothing	PRON
eltls-56623	343	27	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	343	28	secure	secure	VERB
eltls-56623	343	29	votes	vote	NOUN
eltls-56623	343	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	344	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	344	2	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	344	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	344	4	do	do	AUX
eltls-56623	344	5	n’t	not	PART
eltls-56623	344	6	repost	repost	VERB
eltls-56623	344	7	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	344	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	344	9	because	because	SCONJ
eltls-56623	344	10	cnn	cnn	PROPN
eltls-56623	344	11	does	do	AUX
eltls-56623	344	12	n’t	not	PART
eltls-56623	344	13	want	want	VERB
eltls-56623	344	14	you	you	PRON
eltls-56623	344	15	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	344	16	know	know	VERB
eltls-56623	344	17	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	344	18	joe	joe	PROPN
eltls-56623	344	19	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	344	20	fell	fall	VERB
eltls-56623	344	21	asleep	asleep	ADJ
eltls-56623	344	22	during	during	ADP
eltls-56623	344	23	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	344	24	press	press	NOUN
eltls-56623	344	25	conference	conference	NOUN
eltls-56623	344	26	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	344	27	held	hold	VERB
eltls-56623	344	28	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	344	29	naftali	naftali	PROPN
eltls-56623	344	30	bennett	bennett	PROPN
eltls-56623	344	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	345	1	beginning	begin	VERB
eltls-56623	345	2	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	345	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	345	4	prohibitive	prohibitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	345	5	lead	lead	NOUN
eltls-56623	345	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	345	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	345	8	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	345	9	do	do	AUX
eltls-56623	345	10	n’t	not	PART
eltls-56623	345	11	repost	repost	VERB
eltls-56623	345	12	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	345	13	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	345	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	345	15	claiming	claim	VERB
eltls-56623	345	16	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	345	17	cnn	cnn	PROPN
eltls-56623	345	18	does	do	AUX
eltls-56623	345	19	n’t	not	PART
eltls-56623	345	20	want	want	VERB
eltls-56623	345	21	you	you	PRON
eltls-56623	345	22	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	345	23	know	know	VERB
eltls-56623	345	24	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	345	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	345	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	345	27	reverse	reverse	ADJ
eltls-56623	345	28	tactic	tactic	NOUN
eltls-56623	345	29	stimulates	stimulate	VERB
eltls-56623	345	30	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	345	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	346	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	346	2	transforms	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	346	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	346	4	risk	risk	NOUN
eltls-56623	346	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	346	6	content	content	ADJ
eltls-56623	346	7	disappearance	disappearance	NOUN
eltls-56623	346	8	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	346	9	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	346	10	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	346	11	proof	proof	NOUN
eltls-56623	346	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	346	13	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
eltls-56623	346	14	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	346	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	346	16	constructing	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	346	17	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	346	18	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	346	19	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-56623	346	20	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	346	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	346	22	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	346	23	suppressing	suppress	VERB
eltls-56623	346	24	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	346	25	truth	truth	NOUN
eltls-56623	346	26	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	346	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	347	1	even	even	ADV
eltls-56623	347	2	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	347	3	debunked	debunk	VERB
eltls-56623	347	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	347	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	347	6	preconception	preconception	NOUN
eltls-56623	347	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	347	8	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	347	9	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	347	10	censorship	censorship	NOUN
eltls-56623	347	11	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	347	12	remains	remains	AUX
eltls-56623	347	13	embedded	embed	VERB
eltls-56623	347	14	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	347	15	audience	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	347	16	perception	perception	NOUN
eltls-56623	347	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	348	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	348	2	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	348	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	348	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	348	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	348	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	348	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	348	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	348	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	349	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	349	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	349	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	349	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	349	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	349	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	349	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	349	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	349	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	349	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	349	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	349	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	349	13	153	153	NUM
eltls-56623	349	14	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	349	15	masquerading	masquerade	VERB
eltls-56623	349	16	as	as	ADV
eltls-56623	349	17	easily	easily	ADV
eltls-56623	349	18	deletable	deletable	ADJ
eltls-56623	349	19	confidential	confidential	ADJ
eltls-56623	349	20	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	349	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	349	22	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	349	23	defensive	defensive	ADJ
eltls-56623	349	24	logic	logic	NOUN
eltls-56623	349	25	becomes	become	VERB
eltls-56623	349	26	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
eltls-56623	349	27	self	self	NOUN
eltls-56623	349	28	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	349	29	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
eltls-56623	349	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	350	1	regardless	regardless	ADV
eltls-56623	350	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	350	3	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	350	4	deletion	deletion	NOUN
eltls-56623	350	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	350	6	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	350	7	generates	generate	VERB
eltls-56623	350	8	enduring	endure	VERB
eltls-56623	350	9	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	350	10	repercussions	repercussion	NOUN
eltls-56623	350	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	351	1	4.3	4.3	NUM
eltls-56623	351	2	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	351	3	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	351	4	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	351	5	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	351	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	351	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	351	8	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	351	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	351	10	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	351	11	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	351	12	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	351	13	achieve	achieve	VERB
eltls-56623	351	14	desired	desire	VERB
eltls-56623	351	15	effects	effect	NOUN
eltls-56623	351	16	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	351	17	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	351	18	key	key	ADJ
eltls-56623	351	19	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	351	20	focus	focus	NOUN
eltls-56623	351	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	352	1	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	352	2	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	352	3	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	352	4	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	352	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	352	6	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	352	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	352	8	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	352	9	influence	influence	VERB
eltls-56623	352	10	how	how	SCONJ
eltls-56623	352	11	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	352	12	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	352	13	received	receive	VERB
eltls-56623	352	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	352	15	interpreted	interpret	VERB
eltls-56623	352	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	352	17	disseminated	disseminate	VERB
eltls-56623	352	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	352	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	352	20	amplified	amplify	VERB
eltls-56623	352	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	353	1	cross	cross	ADJ
eltls-56623	353	2	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	353	3	sectional	sectional	ADJ
eltls-56623	353	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	353	5	reveals	reveal	VERB
eltls-56623	353	6	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	353	7	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
eltls-56623	353	8	features	feature	NOUN
eltls-56623	353	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	353	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	353	11	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	353	12	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	353	13	employed	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	353	14	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	353	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	353	16	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	353	17	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	353	18	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	353	19	denigration	denigration	NOUN
eltls-56623	353	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	353	21	motivate	motivate	ADJ
eltls-56623	353	22	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	353	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	354	1	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
eltls-56623	354	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	354	3	further	far	ADV
eltls-56623	354	4	observes	observe	VERB
eltls-56623	354	5	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	354	6	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	354	7	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	354	8	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	354	9	evolve	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	354	10	over	over	ADP
eltls-56623	354	11	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	354	12	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	354	13	transitioning	transition	VERB
eltls-56623	354	14	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	354	15	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ
eltls-56623	354	16	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	354	17	opinion	opinion	NOUN
eltls-56623	354	18	commentary	commentary	NOUN
eltls-56623	354	19	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	354	20	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	354	21	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	354	22	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	354	23	meticulously	meticulously	ADV
eltls-56623	354	24	crafted	craft	VERB
eltls-56623	354	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	354	26	user	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	354	27	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	354	28	baiting	bait	VERB
eltls-56623	354	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	354	30	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	354	31	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	354	32	driven	drive	VERB
eltls-56623	354	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	355	1	4.3.1	4.3.1	NUM
eltls-56623	355	2	general	general	ADJ
eltls-56623	355	3	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	355	4	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	355	5	steer	steer	VERB
eltls-56623	355	6	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	355	7	opinion	opinion	NOUN
eltls-56623	355	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	355	9	purveyors	purveyor	NOUN
eltls-56623	355	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	355	11	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	355	12	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	355	13	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	355	14	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	355	15	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	355	16	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-56623	355	17	fabricate	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	355	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	355	19	exaggerate	exaggerate	VERB
eltls-56623	355	20	narratives	narrative	NOUN
eltls-56623	355	21	surrounding	surround	VERB
eltls-56623	355	22	individuals	individual	NOUN
eltls-56623	355	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	355	24	events	event	NOUN
eltls-56623	355	25	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	355	26	stigmatise	stigmatise	VERB
eltls-56623	355	27	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	355	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	356	1	certain	certain	ADJ
eltls-56623	356	2	influencers	influencer	NOUN
eltls-56623	356	3	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	356	4	bloggers	blogger	NOUN
eltls-56623	356	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	356	6	seeking	seek	VERB
eltls-56623	356	7	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	356	8	boost	boost	VERB
eltls-56623	356	9	account	account	NOUN
eltls-56623	356	10	engagement	engagement	NOUN
eltls-56623	356	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	356	12	attract	attract	VERB
eltls-56623	356	13	followers	follower	NOUN
eltls-56623	356	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	356	15	often	often	ADV
eltls-56623	356	16	create	create	VERB
eltls-56623	356	17	interactive	interactive	ADJ
eltls-56623	356	18	contexts	context	NOUN
eltls-56623	356	19	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	356	20	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	356	21	posts	post	NOUN
eltls-56623	356	22	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	356	23	encourage	encourage	VERB
eltls-56623	356	24	user	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	356	25	participation	participation	NOUN
eltls-56623	356	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	357	1	regardless	regardless	ADV
eltls-56623	357	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	357	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	357	4	motive	motive	NOUN
eltls-56623	357	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	357	6	enticing	entice	VERB
eltls-56623	357	7	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	357	8	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	357	9	share	share	VERB
eltls-56623	357	10	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	357	11	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	357	12	amplifying	amplify	VERB
eltls-56623	357	13	exposure	exposure	NOUN
eltls-56623	357	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	357	15	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	357	16	invariably	invariably	ADV
eltls-56623	357	17	enhances	enhance	VERB
eltls-56623	357	18	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	357	19	intended	intend	VERB
eltls-56623	357	20	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	357	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	358	1	1	1	X
eltls-56623	358	2	.	.	X
eltls-56623	358	3	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	358	4	denigration	denigration	PROPN
eltls-56623	358	5	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	358	6	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	358	7	frequently	frequently	ADV
eltls-56623	358	8	employs	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	358	9	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	358	10	labelling	labelling	NOUN
eltls-56623	358	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	358	12	satire	satire	NOUN
eltls-56623	358	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	358	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	358	15	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	358	16	attacks	attack	NOUN
eltls-56623	358	17	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	358	18	systematically	systematically	ADV
eltls-56623	358	19	stigmatise	stigmatise	VERB
eltls-56623	358	20	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	358	21	opponents	opponent	NOUN
eltls-56623	358	22	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	358	23	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	358	24	groups	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	358	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	359	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	359	2	core	core	ADJ
eltls-56623	359	3	intent	intent	NOUN
eltls-56623	359	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	359	5	disseminators	disseminator	NOUN
eltls-56623	359	6	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	359	7	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	359	8	rational	rational	ADJ
eltls-56623	359	9	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	359	10	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	359	11	factual	factual	ADJ
eltls-56623	359	12	reporting	reporting	NOUN
eltls-56623	359	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	359	14	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	359	15	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-56623	359	16	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	359	17	employ	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	359	18	carefully	carefully	ADV
eltls-56623	359	19	crafted	craft	VERB
eltls-56623	359	20	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
eltls-56623	359	21	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	359	22	mislead	mislead	VERB
eltls-56623	359	23	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	359	24	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	359	25	forming	form	VERB
eltls-56623	359	26	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	359	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	359	28	entrenched	entrenched	ADJ
eltls-56623	359	29	perceptions	perception	NOUN
eltls-56623	359	30	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	359	31	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	359	32	target	target	NOUN
eltls-56623	359	33	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	359	34	raza	raza	NOUN
eltls-56623	359	35	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	359	36	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	359	37	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	359	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	359	39	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	359	40	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	359	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	360	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	360	2	primary	primary	ADJ
eltls-56623	360	3	objective	objective	NOUN
eltls-56623	360	4	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	360	5	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	360	6	provoke	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	360	7	anticipated	anticipate	VERB
eltls-56623	360	8	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	360	9	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	360	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	360	11	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	360	12	responses	response	NOUN
eltls-56623	360	13	among	among	ADP
eltls-56623	360	14	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	360	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	360	16	aiming	aim	VERB
eltls-56623	360	17	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	360	18	guide	guide	VERB
eltls-56623	360	19	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	360	20	towards	towards	ADP
eltls-56623	360	21	developing	develop	VERB
eltls-56623	360	22	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	360	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	360	24	disparaging	disparage	VERB
eltls-56623	360	25	mental	mental	ADJ
eltls-56623	360	26	representations	representation	NOUN
eltls-56623	360	27	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	360	28	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	360	29	subject	subject	NOUN
eltls-56623	360	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	361	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	361	2	undermines	undermine	VERB
eltls-56623	361	3	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	361	4	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	361	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	361	6	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	361	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	361	8	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	361	9	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	361	10	standing	standing	NOUN
eltls-56623	361	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	362	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	362	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	362	4	joe	joe	PROPN
eltls-56623	362	5	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	362	6	just	just	ADV
eltls-56623	362	7	fell	fall	VERB
eltls-56623	362	8	asleep	asleep	ADJ
eltls-56623	362	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	362	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	362	11	middle	middle	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	362	13	his	his	PRON
eltls-56623	362	14	meeting	meeting	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	15	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	362	16	victims	victim	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	362	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	362	19	maui	maui	PROPN
eltls-56623	362	20	fires	fire	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	21	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	362	22	placing	place	VERB
eltls-56623	362	23	inappropriate	inappropriate	ADJ
eltls-56623	362	24	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	25	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	362	26	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	362	27	solemn	solemn	ADJ
eltls-56623	362	28	context	context	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	362	30	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	362	31	publisher	publisher	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	32	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	362	33	meticulously	meticulously	ADV
eltls-56623	362	34	constructed	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	362	35	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	362	36	scenario	scenario	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	37	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	362	38	extreme	extreme	ADJ
eltls-56623	362	39	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	362	40	contradiction	contradiction	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	41	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	362	42	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	362	43	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	362	44	very	very	ADJ
eltls-56623	362	45	moment	moment	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	46	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	362	47	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	362	48	national	national	ADJ
eltls-56623	362	49	leader	leader	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	50	should	should	AUX
eltls-56623	362	51	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-56623	362	52	empathy	empathy	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	53	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	362	54	care	care	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	55	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	362	56	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	362	57	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	58	towards	towards	ADP
eltls-56623	362	59	disaster	disaster	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	60	victims	victim	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	61	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	362	62	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	362	63	instead	instead	ADV
eltls-56623	362	64	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	362	65	extreme	extreme	ADJ
eltls-56623	362	66	indifference	indifference	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	67	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	362	68	apathy	apathy	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	69	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	362	70	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	362	71	dereliction	dereliction	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	72	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	362	73	duty	duty	NOUN
eltls-56623	362	74	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	363	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	363	2	publisher	publisher	NOUN
eltls-56623	363	3	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	363	4	core	core	ADJ
eltls-56623	363	5	intent	intent	NOUN
eltls-56623	363	6	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	363	7	no	no	ADV
eltls-56623	363	8	longer	long	ADJ
eltls-56623	363	9	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	363	10	question	question	VERB
eltls-56623	363	11	competence	competence	NOUN
eltls-56623	363	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	363	13	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	363	14	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	363	15	level	level	VERB
eltls-56623	363	16	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	363	17	accusations	accusation	NOUN
eltls-56623	363	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	363	19	portraying	portray	VERB
eltls-56623	363	20	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	363	21	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	363	22	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	363	23	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	363	24	devoid	devoid	ADJ
eltls-56623	363	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	363	26	basic	basic	ADJ
eltls-56623	363	27	compassion	compassion	NOUN
eltls-56623	363	28	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	363	29	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	363	30	cold	cold	ADJ
eltls-56623	363	31	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	363	32	ruthless	ruthless	ADJ
eltls-56623	363	33	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	363	34	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	363	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	364	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	364	2	aims	aim	VERB
eltls-56623	364	3	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	364	4	stir	stir	VERB
eltls-56623	364	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	364	6	audience	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	364	7	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	364	8	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	364	9	sensibilities	sensibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	364	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	364	11	provoke	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	364	12	intense	intense	ADJ
eltls-56623	364	13	outrage	outrage	NOUN
eltls-56623	364	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	365	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	365	2	framing	frame	VERB
eltls-56623	365	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	365	4	target	target	NOUN
eltls-56623	365	5	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
eltls-56623	365	6	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	365	7	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	365	8	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-56623	365	9	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	365	10	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	365	11	context	context	NOUN
eltls-56623	365	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	365	13	exploiting	exploit	VERB
eltls-56623	365	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	365	15	stark	stark	ADJ
eltls-56623	365	16	incongruity	incongruity	NOUN
eltls-56623	365	17	between	between	ADP
eltls-56623	365	18	action	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	365	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	365	20	circumstance	circumstance	NOUN
eltls-56623	365	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	365	22	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	365	23	tactic	tactic	NOUN
eltls-56623	365	24	seeks	seek	VERB
eltls-56623	365	25	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	365	26	profoundly	profoundly	ADV
eltls-56623	365	27	tarnish	tarnish	VERB
eltls-56623	365	28	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	365	29	character	character	NOUN
eltls-56623	365	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	365	31	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	365	32	undermining	undermine	VERB
eltls-56623	365	33	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	365	34	subject	subject	NOUN
eltls-56623	365	35	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	365	36	ethical	ethical	ADJ
eltls-56623	365	37	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	365	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	366	1	should	should	AUX
eltls-56623	366	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	366	3	audience	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	366	4	internalise	internalise	VERB
eltls-56623	366	5	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	366	6	framing	framing	NOUN
eltls-56623	366	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	366	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	366	9	resulting	result	VERB
eltls-56623	366	10	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	366	11	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	366	12	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	366	13	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	366	14	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	366	15	fury	fury	NOUN
eltls-56623	366	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	366	17	contempt	contempt	NOUN
eltls-56623	366	18	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	366	19	become	become	VERB
eltls-56623	366	20	exceptionally	exceptionally	ADV
eltls-56623	366	21	intense	intense	ADJ
eltls-56623	366	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	366	23	enduring	enduring	ADJ
eltls-56623	366	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	366	25	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	366	26	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	366	27	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	366	28	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	366	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	366	30	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	366	31	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	366	32	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	366	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	367	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	367	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	367	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	367	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	367	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	367	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	367	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	367	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	367	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	367	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	367	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	367	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	367	13	154	154	NUM
eltls-56623	367	14	far	far	ADV
eltls-56623	367	15	surpassing	surpass	VERB
eltls-56623	367	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	367	17	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	367	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	367	19	criticism	criticism	NOUN
eltls-56623	367	20	directed	direct	VERB
eltls-56623	367	21	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	367	22	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
eltls-56623	367	23	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
eltls-56623	367	24	lapses	lapse	NOUN
eltls-56623	367	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	368	1	breaking	break	VERB
eltls-56623	368	2	[	[	X
eltls-56623	368	3	emoji	emoji	ADJ
eltls-56623	368	4	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	368	5	police	police	NOUN
eltls-56623	368	6	car	car	NOUN
eltls-56623	368	7	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	368	8	light	light	NOUN
eltls-56623	368	9	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	368	10	kamala	kamala	PROPN
eltls-56623	368	11	harris	harris	PROPN
eltls-56623	368	12	appears	appear	VERB
eltls-56623	368	13	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	368	14	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	368	15	too	too	ADV
eltls-56623	368	16	intoxicated	intoxicated	ADJ
eltls-56623	368	17	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	368	18	stand	stand	VERB
eltls-56623	368	19	up	up	ADP
eltls-56623	368	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	369	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	369	2	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	369	3	getting	get	VERB
eltls-56623	369	4	bad	bad	ADJ
eltls-56623	369	5	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	370	1	[	[	X
eltls-56623	370	2	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	370	3	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	370	4	eyes	eye	NOUN
eltls-56623	370	5	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	370	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	370	7	poster	poster	NOUN
eltls-56623	370	8	levelled	level	VERB
eltls-56623	370	9	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	370	10	grave	grave	NOUN
eltls-56623	370	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	370	12	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	370	13	personalised	personalised	ADJ
eltls-56623	370	14	accusation	accusation	NOUN
eltls-56623	370	15	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	370	16	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	370	17	too	too	ADV
eltls-56623	370	18	intoxicated	intoxicated	ADJ
eltls-56623	370	19	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	370	20	stand	stand	VERB
eltls-56623	370	21	up	up	ADP
eltls-56623	370	22	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	370	23	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	370	24	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	370	25	went	go	VERB
eltls-56623	370	26	far	far	ADV
eltls-56623	370	27	beyond	beyond	ADP
eltls-56623	370	28	criticising	criticise	VERB
eltls-56623	370	29	competence	competence	NOUN
eltls-56623	370	30	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	370	31	attitude	attitude	NOUN
eltls-56623	370	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	371	1	instead	instead	ADV
eltls-56623	371	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	371	3	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	371	4	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	371	5	impugned	impugn	VERB
eltls-56623	371	6	harris	harris	PROPN
eltls-56623	371	7	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	371	8	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	371	9	integrity	integrity	NOUN
eltls-56623	371	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	371	11	self	self	NOUN
eltls-56623	371	12	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	371	13	discipline	discipline	NOUN
eltls-56623	371	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	371	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	371	16	professional	professional	ADJ
eltls-56623	371	17	conduct	conduct	NOUN
eltls-56623	371	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	371	19	seeking	seek	VERB
eltls-56623	371	20	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	371	21	portray	portray	VERB
eltls-56623	371	22	her	she	PRON
eltls-56623	371	23	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	371	24	someone	someone	PRON
eltls-56623	371	25	who	who	PRON
eltls-56623	371	26	loses	lose	VERB
eltls-56623	371	27	control	control	NOUN
eltls-56623	371	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	371	29	acts	act	VERB
eltls-56623	371	30	unprofessionally	unprofessionally	ADV
eltls-56623	371	31	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	371	32	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	371	33	lacks	lack	VERB
eltls-56623	371	34	basic	basic	ADJ
eltls-56623	371	35	dignity	dignity	NOUN
eltls-56623	371	36	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	371	37	significant	significant	ADJ
eltls-56623	371	38	settings	setting	NOUN
eltls-56623	371	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	372	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	372	2	concluding	concluding	NOUN
eltls-56623	372	3	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	372	4	feigns	feign	VERB
eltls-56623	372	5	concern	concern	NOUN
eltls-56623	372	6	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	372	7	mask	mask	VERB
eltls-56623	372	8	malice	malice	NOUN
eltls-56623	372	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	372	10	simulating	simulate	VERB
eltls-56623	372	11	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	372	12	air	air	NOUN
eltls-56623	372	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	372	14	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	372	15	worry	worry	NOUN
eltls-56623	372	16	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	372	17	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	372	18	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	372	19	observation	observation	NOUN
eltls-56623	372	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	372	21	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	373	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	373	2	pretence	pretence	NOUN
eltls-56623	373	3	makes	make	VERB
eltls-56623	373	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	373	5	poster	poster	NOUN
eltls-56623	373	6	appear	appear	VERB
eltls-56623	373	7	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	373	8	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	373	9	stating	state	VERB
eltls-56623	373	10	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	373	11	regrettable	regrettable	ADJ
eltls-56623	373	12	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	373	13	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	373	14	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	373	15	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-56623	373	16	than	than	ADP
eltls-56623	373	17	launching	launch	VERB
eltls-56623	373	18	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	373	19	malicious	malicious	ADJ
eltls-56623	373	20	attack	attack	NOUN
eltls-56623	373	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	373	22	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	373	23	lowering	lower	VERB
eltls-56623	373	24	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	373	25	audience	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	373	26	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	373	27	psychological	psychological	ADJ
eltls-56623	373	28	defences	defence	NOUN
eltls-56623	373	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	373	30	making	make	VERB
eltls-56623	373	31	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	373	32	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	373	33	receptive	receptive	ADJ
eltls-56623	373	34	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	373	35	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	373	36	absurd	absurd	ADJ
eltls-56623	373	37	accusation	accusation	NOUN
eltls-56623	373	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	374	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	374	2	blatant	blatant	ADJ
eltls-56623	374	3	malicious	malicious	ADJ
eltls-56623	374	4	defamation	defamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	374	5	constructs	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	374	6	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	374	7	extreme	extreme	NOUN
eltls-56623	374	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	374	9	insulting	insult	VERB
eltls-56623	374	10	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	374	11	accusation	accusation	NOUN
eltls-56623	374	12	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	374	13	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	374	14	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	374	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	374	16	concluding	conclude	VERB
eltls-56623	374	17	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	374	18	feigned	feigned	ADJ
eltls-56623	374	19	concern	concern	NOUN
eltls-56623	374	20	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	374	21	package	package	VERB
eltls-56623	374	22	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	374	23	entire	entire	ADJ
eltls-56623	374	24	stigmatisation	stigmatisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	374	25	process	process	NOUN
eltls-56623	374	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	375	1	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	375	2	intent	intent	NOUN
eltls-56623	375	3	extends	extend	VERB
eltls-56623	375	4	beyond	beyond	ADP
eltls-56623	375	5	damaging	damage	VERB
eltls-56623	375	6	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	375	7	standing	standing	NOUN
eltls-56623	375	8	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	375	9	utterly	utterly	ADV
eltls-56623	375	10	demolish	demolish	VERB
eltls-56623	375	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	375	12	target	target	NOUN
eltls-56623	375	13	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	375	14	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	375	15	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	375	16	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	375	17	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	375	18	grounds	ground	NOUN
eltls-56623	375	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	375	20	rendering	render	VERB
eltls-56623	375	21	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	375	22	laughable	laughable	ADJ
eltls-56623	375	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	375	24	contemptible	contemptible	ADJ
eltls-56623	375	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	376	1	even	even	ADV
eltls-56623	376	2	when	when	SCONJ
eltls-56623	376	3	debunked	debunk	VERB
eltls-56623	376	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	376	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	376	6	shameful	shameful	ADJ
eltls-56623	376	7	effect	effect	NOUN
eltls-56623	376	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	376	9	sensationalism	sensationalism	NOUN
eltls-56623	376	10	persist	persist	VERB
eltls-56623	376	11	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	376	12	circulation	circulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	376	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	377	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	377	2	dohle	dohle	PROPN
eltls-56623	377	3	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	377	4	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	377	5	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	377	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	377	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	377	8	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	377	9	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	377	10	.	.	X
eltls-56623	377	11	motivate	motivate	ADJ
eltls-56623	377	12	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	377	13	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	377	14	designing	design	VERB
eltls-56623	377	15	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	377	16	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	377	17	strong	strong	ADJ
eltls-56623	377	18	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	377	19	appeal	appeal	NOUN
eltls-56623	377	20	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	377	21	controversy	controversy	NOUN
eltls-56623	377	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	377	23	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	377	24	interactive	interactive	ADJ
eltls-56623	377	25	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	377	26	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	377	27	established	establish	VERB
eltls-56623	377	28	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	377	29	motivate	motivate	VERB
eltls-56623	377	30	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	377	31	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	377	32	engage	engage	VERB
eltls-56623	377	33	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	377	34	actions	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	377	35	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	377	36	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	377	37	liking	like	VERB
eltls-56623	377	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	377	39	sharing	sharing	NOUN
eltls-56623	377	40	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	377	41	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	377	42	commenting	comment	VERB
eltls-56623	377	43	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	377	44	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	377	45	enhancing	enhance	VERB
eltls-56623	377	46	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	377	47	post	post	NOUN
eltls-56623	377	48	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	377	49	visibility	visibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	377	50	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	377	51	reach	reach	VERB
eltls-56623	377	52	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	1	whether	whether	SCONJ
eltls-56623	378	2	stimulating	stimulate	VERB
eltls-56623	378	3	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	4	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	5	based	base	VERB
eltls-56623	378	6	interactions	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	7	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	8	comments	comment	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	9	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	11	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
eltls-56623	378	12	group	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	13	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	15	likes	like	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	16	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	18	pasquel	pasquel	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	19	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	20	lópez	lópez	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	21	et	et	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	22	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	378	23	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	378	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	25	2021	2021	NUM
eltls-56623	378	26	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	28	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	378	29	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	378	30	crisis	crisis	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	31	narratives	narrative	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	32	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	378	33	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	378	34	coercion	coercion	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	35	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	378	36	provoke	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	378	37	protective	protective	ADJ
eltls-56623	378	38	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	378	39	obligatory	obligatory	ADJ
eltls-56623	378	40	actions	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	41	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	42	pursuing	pursue	VERB
eltls-56623	378	43	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	44	breadth	breadth	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	45	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	378	46	velocity	velocity	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	47	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	48	reposts	repost	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	49	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	50	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	51	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	378	52	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	378	53	absurd	absurd	ADJ
eltls-56623	378	54	contrasts	contrast	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	55	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	378	56	community	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	57	tags	tag	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	58	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	378	59	provoke	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	378	60	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	378	61	expression	expression	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	62	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	378	63	community	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	64	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	65	aggregating	aggregate	VERB
eltls-56623	378	66	interactions	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	67	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	378	68	generate	generate	VERB
eltls-56623	378	69	topic	topic	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	70	heat	heat	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	71	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	72	bookmarks)—all	bookmarks)—all	ADV
eltls-56623	378	73	heavily	heavily	ADV
eltls-56623	378	74	rely	rely	VERB
eltls-56623	378	75	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	378	76	manipulating	manipulate	VERB
eltls-56623	378	77	reader	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	78	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	79	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	80	anger	anger	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	81	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	82	fear	fear	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	83	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	84	belonging	belong	VERB
eltls-56623	378	85	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	86	humour	humour	NOUN
eltls-56623	378	87	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	378	88	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	379	1	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	379	2	tactics	tactic	NOUN
eltls-56623	379	3	subordinate	subordinate	VERB
eltls-56623	379	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	379	5	inherent	inherent	ADJ
eltls-56623	379	6	meaning	meaning	NOUN
eltls-56623	379	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	379	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	379	9	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	379	10	itself	itself	PRON
eltls-56623	379	11	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	379	12	taking	take	VERB
eltls-56623	379	13	sides	side	NOUN
eltls-56623	379	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	379	15	protecting	protect	VERB
eltls-56623	379	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	379	17	venting	venting	NOUN
eltls-56623	379	18	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	379	19	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	379	20	factual	factual	ADJ
eltls-56623	379	21	truth	truth	NOUN
eltls-56623	379	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	379	23	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	379	24	successfully	successfully	ADV
eltls-56623	379	25	leveraging	leverage	VERB
eltls-56623	379	26	user	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	379	27	participation	participation	NOUN
eltls-56623	379	28	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	379	29	achieve	achieve	VERB
eltls-56623	379	30	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	379	31	own	own	ADJ
eltls-56623	379	32	malicious	malicious	ADJ
eltls-56623	379	33	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	379	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	380	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	380	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	380	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	380	4	[	[	X
eltls-56623	380	5	emoji	emoji	ADJ
eltls-56623	380	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	380	7	police	police	NOUN
eltls-56623	380	8	car	car	NOUN
eltls-56623	380	9	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	380	10	light]breaking	light]breaking	PROPN
eltls-56623	380	11	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	380	12	texas	texas	PROPN
eltls-56623	380	13	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	380	14	passed	pass	VERB
eltls-56623	380	15	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	380	16	bill	bill	NOUN
eltls-56623	380	17	banning	ban	VERB
eltls-56623	380	18	islamic	islamic	PROPN
eltls-56623	380	19	shariah	shariah	PROPN
eltls-56623	380	20	law	law	NOUN
eltls-56623	380	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	380	22	anything	anything	PRON
eltls-56623	380	23	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	380	24	contradicts	contradict	VERB
eltls-56623	380	25	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	380	26	values	value	NOUN
eltls-56623	380	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	381	1	do	do	AUX
eltls-56623	381	2	you	you	PRON
eltls-56623	381	3	support	support	VERB
eltls-56623	381	4	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	381	5	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-56623	382	1	a.	a.	NOUN
eltls-56623	383	1	yes	yes	INTJ
eltls-56623	383	2	b.	b.	PROPN
eltls-56623	384	1	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	384	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	384	3	author	author	NOUN
eltls-56623	384	4	establishes	establish	VERB
eltls-56623	384	5	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	384	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	384	7	urgency	urgency	NOUN
eltls-56623	384	8	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	384	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	384	10	first	first	ADJ
eltls-56623	384	11	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	384	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	384	13	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	384	14	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	384	15	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	384	16	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	384	17	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	384	18	capture	capture	VERB
eltls-56623	384	19	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	384	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	384	21	presuppose	presuppose	VERB
eltls-56623	384	22	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	384	23	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
eltls-56623	384	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	384	25	significance	significance	NOUN
eltls-56623	384	26	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	384	27	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	384	28	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	384	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	385	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	385	2	compels	compel	VERB
eltls-56623	385	3	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	385	4	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	385	5	immediately	immediately	ADV
eltls-56623	385	6	adopt	adopt	VERB
eltls-56623	385	7	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	385	8	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	385	9	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	385	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	385	11	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	385	12	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	385	13	major	major	ADJ
eltls-56623	385	14	event	event	NOUN
eltls-56623	385	15	unfolding	unfold	VERB
eltls-56623	385	16	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	385	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	385	18	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	385	19	paving	pave	VERB
eltls-56623	385	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	385	21	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	ADJ
eltls-56623	385	22	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	ADJ
eltls-56623	385	23	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-56623	385	24	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	385	25	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	385	26	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	385	27	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	385	28	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	385	29	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	385	30	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	385	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	386	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	386	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	386	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	386	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	386	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	386	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	386	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	386	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	386	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	386	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	386	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	386	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	386	13	155	155	NUM
eltls-56623	386	14	way	way	NOUN
eltls-56623	386	15	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	386	16	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	386	17	calls	call	NOUN
eltls-56623	386	18	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	386	19	action	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	386	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	387	1	posing	pose	VERB
eltls-56623	387	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	387	3	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	387	4	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	387	5	do	do	AUX
eltls-56623	387	6	you	you	PRON
eltls-56623	387	7	support	support	VERB
eltls-56623	387	8	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	387	9	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-56623	387	10	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	387	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	387	12	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	387	13	presenting	present	VERB
eltls-56623	387	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	387	15	options	option	NOUN
eltls-56623	387	16	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	387	17	a.	a.	PROPN
eltls-56623	387	18	yes	yes	PROPN
eltls-56623	387	19	b.	b.	PROPN
eltls-56623	388	1	no	no	PRON
eltls-56623	388	2	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	388	3	constructs	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	388	4	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	388	5	binary	binary	ADJ
eltls-56623	388	6	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	388	7	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	388	8	affirming	affirm	VERB
eltls-56623	388	9	vote	vote	NOUN
eltls-56623	388	10	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	388	11	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	388	12	exceptionally	exceptionally	ADV
eltls-56623	388	13	efficient	efficient	ADJ
eltls-56623	388	14	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	388	15	design	design	NOUN
eltls-56623	388	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	389	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	389	2	reduces	reduce	VERB
eltls-56623	389	3	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	389	4	complex	complex	ADJ
eltls-56623	389	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	389	6	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	389	7	legal	legal	ADJ
eltls-56623	389	8	issue	issue	NOUN
eltls-56623	389	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	389	10	requiring	require	VERB
eltls-56623	389	11	no	no	DET
eltls-56623	389	12	verification	verification	NOUN
eltls-56623	389	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	389	14	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
eltls-56623	389	15	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	389	16	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	389	17	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	389	18	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	389	19	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	389	20	black	black	ADJ
eltls-56623	389	21	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	389	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	389	23	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	389	24	white	white	ADJ
eltls-56623	389	25	stance	stance	NOUN
eltls-56623	389	26	test	test	NOUN
eltls-56623	389	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	390	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	390	2	fabricating	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	390	3	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	390	4	virtual	virtual	ADJ
eltls-56623	390	5	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	390	6	referendum	referendum	NOUN
eltls-56623	390	7	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	390	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	390	9	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	390	10	transforms	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	390	11	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	390	12	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	390	13	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	390	14	ritual	ritual	NOUN
eltls-56623	390	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	390	16	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	390	17	declaration	declaration	NOUN
eltls-56623	390	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	390	19	group	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	390	20	affiliation	affiliation	NOUN
eltls-56623	390	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	391	1	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	391	2	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	391	3	encouraged	encourage	VERB
eltls-56623	391	4	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	391	5	comment	comment	VERB
eltls-56623	391	6	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	391	7	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	391	8	a	a	PRON
eltls-56623	391	9	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	391	10	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	391	11	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	391	12	b	b	X
eltls-56623	391	13	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	391	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	391	15	sparking	spark	VERB
eltls-56623	391	16	debates	debate	NOUN
eltls-56623	391	17	between	between	ADP
eltls-56623	391	18	supporters	supporter	NOUN
eltls-56623	391	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	391	20	opponents	opponent	NOUN
eltls-56623	391	21	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	391	22	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-56623	391	23	boost	boost	VERB
eltls-56623	391	24	comment	comment	NOUN
eltls-56623	391	25	counts	count	NOUN
eltls-56623	391	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	391	27	likes	like	NOUN
eltls-56623	391	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	391	29	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
eltls-56623	391	30	collective	collective	ADJ
eltls-56623	391	31	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	391	32	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	392	1	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
eltls-56623	392	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	392	3	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	392	4	forward	forward	ADV
eltls-56623	392	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	392	6	post	post	NOUN
eltls-56623	392	7	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	392	8	initiate	initiate	VERB
eltls-56623	392	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	392	10	same	same	ADJ
eltls-56623	392	11	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	392	12	stance	stance	NOUN
eltls-56623	392	13	test	test	NOUN
eltls-56623	392	14	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	392	15	among	among	ADP
eltls-56623	392	16	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	392	17	own	own	ADJ
eltls-56623	392	18	group	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	392	19	members	member	NOUN
eltls-56623	392	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	392	21	achieving	achieve	VERB
eltls-56623	392	22	viral	viral	ADJ
eltls-56623	392	23	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	392	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	393	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	393	2	essence	essence	NOUN
eltls-56623	393	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	393	4	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	393	5	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	393	6	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	393	7	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	393	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	393	9	driven	drive	VERB
eltls-56623	393	10	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	393	11	designed	design	VERB
eltls-56623	393	12	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	393	13	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	393	14	foster	foster	VERB
eltls-56623	393	15	rational	rational	ADJ
eltls-56623	393	16	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	393	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	393	18	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	393	19	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	393	20	compel	compel	VERB
eltls-56623	393	21	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	393	22	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	393	23	openly	openly	ADV
eltls-56623	393	24	taking	take	VERB
eltls-56623	393	25	sides	side	NOUN
eltls-56623	393	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	394	1	selecting	select	VERB
eltls-56623	394	2	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	394	3	yes	yes	NOUN
eltls-56623	394	4	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	394	5	signifies	signifie	NOUN
eltls-56623	394	6	joining	join	VERB
eltls-56623	394	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	394	8	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	394	9	defenders	defender	NOUN
eltls-56623	394	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	394	11	american	american	ADJ
eltls-56623	394	12	values	value	NOUN
eltls-56623	394	13	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	394	14	group	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	394	15	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	394	16	choosing	choose	VERB
eltls-56623	394	17	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	394	18	no	no	DET
eltls-56623	394	19	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	394	20	risks	risk	NOUN
eltls-56623	394	21	being	be	AUX
eltls-56623	394	22	interpreted	interpret	VERB
eltls-56623	394	23	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	394	24	alignment	alignment	NOUN
eltls-56623	394	25	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	394	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	394	27	opposing	opposing	ADJ
eltls-56623	394	28	camp	camp	NOUN
eltls-56623	394	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	395	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	395	2	design	design	NOUN
eltls-56623	395	3	drastically	drastically	ADV
eltls-56623	395	4	lowers	lower	VERB
eltls-56623	395	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	395	6	barrier	barrier	NOUN
eltls-56623	395	7	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	395	8	participation	participation	NOUN
eltls-56623	395	9	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	395	10	requiring	require	VERB
eltls-56623	395	11	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	395	12	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	395	13	single	single	ADJ
eltls-56623	395	14	letter	letter	NOUN
eltls-56623	395	15	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	395	16	state	state	VERB
eltls-56623	395	17	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	395	18	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	395	19	position	position	NOUN
eltls-56623	395	20	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	395	21	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	395	22	substantially	substantially	ADV
eltls-56623	395	23	amplifying	amplify	VERB
eltls-56623	395	24	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	395	25	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	395	26	drive	drive	NOUN
eltls-56623	395	27	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	395	28	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	395	29	rooted	root	VERB
eltls-56623	395	30	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	395	31	group	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	395	32	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	395	33	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	395	34	value	value	NOUN
eltls-56623	395	35	expression	expression	NOUN
eltls-56623	395	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	396	1	[	[	X
eltls-56623	396	2	emoji	emoji	ADJ
eltls-56623	396	3	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	396	4	police	police	NOUN
eltls-56623	396	5	car	car	NOUN
eltls-56623	396	6	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	396	7	light]breaking	light]breaking	PROPN
eltls-56623	396	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	397	1	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
eltls-56623	397	2	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	397	3	trying	try	VERB
eltls-56623	397	4	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	397	5	hijack	hijack	VERB
eltls-56623	397	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	397	7	election	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	397	8	results	result	NOUN
eltls-56623	397	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	397	10	adding	add	VERB
eltls-56623	397	11	small	small	ADJ
eltls-56623	397	12	dots	dot	NOUN
eltls-56623	397	13	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	397	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	397	15	kamala	kamala	PROPN
eltls-56623	397	16	box	box	PROPN
eltls-56623	397	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	398	1	if	if	SCONJ
eltls-56623	398	2	you	you	PRON
eltls-56623	398	3	select	select	VERB
eltls-56623	398	4	trump	trump	NOUN
eltls-56623	398	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	398	6	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	398	7	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	398	8	make	make	VERB
eltls-56623	398	9	your	your	PRON
eltls-56623	398	10	vote	vote	NOUN
eltls-56623	398	11	invalid	invalid	ADJ
eltls-56623	398	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	399	1	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	399	2	if	if	SCONJ
eltls-56623	399	3	you	you	PRON
eltls-56623	399	4	select	select	VERB
eltls-56623	399	5	kamala	kamala	PROPN
eltls-56623	399	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	399	7	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	399	8	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	399	9	make	make	VERB
eltls-56623	399	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	399	11	dots	dot	NOUN
eltls-56623	399	12	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
eltls-56623	399	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	400	1	share	share	VERB
eltls-56623	400	2	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	400	3	so	so	ADV
eltls-56623	400	4	more	more	ADJ
eltls-56623	400	5	people	people	NOUN
eltls-56623	400	6	know	know	VERB
eltls-56623	400	7	!	!	PUNCT
eltls-56623	400	8	!	!	PUNCT
eltls-56623	401	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	401	2	urgency	urgency	NOUN
eltls-56623	401	3	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	401	4	accuses	accuse	VERB
eltls-56623	401	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	401	6	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	401	7	malicious	malicious	ADJ
eltls-56623	401	8	act	act	NOUN
eltls-56623	401	9	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	401	10	identifies	identify	VERB
eltls-56623	401	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	401	12	responsible	responsible	ADJ
eltls-56623	401	13	one	one	NOUN
eltls-56623	401	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	401	15	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
eltls-56623	401	16	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	401	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	402	2	immediately	immediately	ADV
eltls-56623	402	3	evokes	evoke	VERB
eltls-56623	402	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	402	5	reader	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	6	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	402	7	sense	sense	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	402	9	crisis	crisis	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	11	injustice	injustice	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	402	14	anger	anger	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	16	providing	provide	VERB
eltls-56623	402	17	powerful	powerful	ADJ
eltls-56623	402	18	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	402	19	drive	drive	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	20	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	402	21	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	402	22	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	402	23	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	24	call	call	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	25	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	402	26	action	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	27	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	28	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	402	30	middle	middle	PROPN
eltls-56623	402	31	section	section	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	32	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	402	33	purpose	purpose	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	34	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	402	35	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	402	36	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	402	37	convey	convey	VERB
eltls-56623	402	38	factual	factual	ADJ
eltls-56623	402	39	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	40	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	41	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	402	42	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	402	43	assign	assign	VERB
eltls-56623	402	44	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	45	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	402	46	dual	dual	ADJ
eltls-56623	402	47	role	role	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	48	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	402	49	both	both	DET
eltls-56623	402	50	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	51	informed	informed	ADJ
eltls-56623	402	52	individuals	individual	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	53	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	54	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	402	55	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	56	potential	potential	ADJ
eltls-56623	402	57	victims	victim	NOUN
eltls-56623	402	58	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	402	59	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	403	2	makes	make	VERB
eltls-56623	403	3	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	4	feel	feel	VERB
eltls-56623	403	5	get	get	VERB
eltls-56623	403	6	insider	insider	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	7	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	403	9	self	self	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	10	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	11	preservation	preservation	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	12	methods	method	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	14	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	403	15	generating	generate	VERB
eltls-56623	403	16	an	an	PRON
eltls-56623	403	17	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	18	i	i	PRON
eltls-56623	403	19	must	must	AUX
eltls-56623	403	20	do	do	VERB
eltls-56623	403	21	something	something	PRON
eltls-56623	403	22	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	23	sense	sense	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	403	25	urgency	urgency	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	26	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	27	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	403	28	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	29	issues	issue	VERB
eltls-56623	403	30	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	403	31	direct	direct	ADJ
eltls-56623	403	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	33	classic	classic	ADJ
eltls-56623	403	34	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	35	directive	directive	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	36	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	37	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
eltls-56623	403	38	defining	define	VERB
eltls-56623	403	39	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	403	40	act	act	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	41	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	403	42	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	43	sharing	sharing	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	44	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	45	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	403	46	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	403	47	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	403	48	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	49	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	403	50	civic	civic	ADJ
eltls-56623	403	51	duty	duty	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	52	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	53	implying	imply	VERB
eltls-56623	403	54	that	that	DET
eltls-56623	403	55	failure	failure	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	56	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	403	57	share	share	VERB
eltls-56623	403	58	constitutes	constitute	VERB
eltls-56623	403	59	tacit	tacit	ADJ
eltls-56623	403	60	approval	approval	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	61	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	403	62	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	63	election	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	64	theft	theft	NOUN
eltls-56623	403	65	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	403	66	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	404	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	404	2	primary	primary	ADJ
eltls-56623	404	3	objective	objective	NOUN
eltls-56623	404	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	404	5	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	404	6	post	post	NOUN
eltls-56623	404	7	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	404	8	design	design	NOUN
eltls-56623	404	9	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	404	10	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	404	11	maximise	maximise	VERB
eltls-56623	404	12	reposting	reposte	VERB
eltls-56623	404	13	volume	volume	NOUN
eltls-56623	404	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	405	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	405	2	exploits	exploit	VERB
eltls-56623	405	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	405	4	heightened	heightened	ADJ
eltls-56623	405	5	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
eltls-56623	405	6	during	during	ADP
eltls-56623	405	7	election	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	405	8	periods	period	NOUN
eltls-56623	405	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	405	10	motivating	motivate	VERB
eltls-56623	405	11	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	405	12	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	405	13	become	become	VERB
eltls-56623	405	14	part	part	NOUN
eltls-56623	405	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	405	16	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	405	17	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	405	18	alert	alert	ADJ
eltls-56623	405	19	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	405	20	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	405	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	405	22	proactively	proactively	ADV
eltls-56623	405	23	disseminate	disseminate	VERB
eltls-56623	405	24	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	405	25	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	405	26	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	405	27	save	save	VERB
eltls-56623	405	28	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	405	29	election	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	405	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	405	31	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	406	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	406	2	sharing	sharing	NOUN
eltls-56623	406	3	motivation	motivation	NOUN
eltls-56623	406	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	406	5	rooted	root	VERB
eltls-56623	406	6	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	406	7	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	406	8	protective	protective	ADJ
eltls-56623	406	9	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
eltls-56623	406	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	406	11	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	406	12	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	406	13	exceptionally	exceptionally	ADV
eltls-56623	406	14	potent	potent	ADJ
eltls-56623	406	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	406	16	driving	drive	VERB
eltls-56623	406	17	substantial	substantial	ADJ
eltls-56623	406	18	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	406	19	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	406	20	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	406	21	126.9k	126.9k	NUM
eltls-56623	406	22	views	view	NOUN
eltls-56623	406	23	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	406	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	407	1	hahahah	hahahah	NOUN
eltls-56623	407	2	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	407	3	seriously	seriously	ADV
eltls-56623	407	4	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	408	1	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	408	2	kidding	kid	VERB
eltls-56623	408	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	408	4	putin	putin	PROPN
eltls-56623	408	5	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	408	6	signed	sign	VERB
eltls-56623	408	7	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	408	8	decree	decree	NOUN
eltls-56623	408	9	making	make	VERB
eltls-56623	408	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	408	11	sale	sale	NOUN
eltls-56623	408	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	408	13	alaska	alaska	PROPN
eltls-56623	408	14	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	408	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	408	16	us	us	PROPN
eltls-56623	408	17	illegal	illegal	ADJ
eltls-56623	408	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	409	1	territory	territory	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	2	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	409	3	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	409	4	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	409	5	declared	declare	VERB
eltls-56623	409	6	occupied	occupy	VERB
eltls-56623	409	7	[	[	PUNCT
eltls-56623	409	8	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	9	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	10	face	face	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	11	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	409	12	tears	tear	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	409	14	joy	joy	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	15	]	]	X
eltls-56623	409	16	#	#	SYM
eltls-56623	409	17	russiaisaterroriststate	russiaisaterroriststate	VERB
eltls-56623	409	18	#	#	SYM
eltls-56623	409	19	russia	russia	PROPN
eltls-56623	409	20	#	#	ADV
eltls-56623	409	21	russiaukrainewar	russiaukrainewar	VERB
eltls-56623	409	22	#	#	ADJ
eltls-56623	409	23	russian	russian	ADJ
eltls-56623	409	24	#	#	SYM
eltls-56623	409	25	ukraine	ukraine	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	26	#	#	SYM
eltls-56623	409	27	usa	usa	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	28	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	409	29	opening	opening	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	30	statement	statement	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	31	serves	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	409	32	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	409	33	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	409	34	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	409	35	anchor	anchor	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	36	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	409	37	establishing	establish	VERB
eltls-56623	409	38	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	409	39	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	40	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	409	41	absurd	absurd	ADJ
eltls-56623	409	42	contrast	contrast	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	43	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	409	44	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	409	45	cathartic	cathartic	ADJ
eltls-56623	409	46	release	release	NOUN
eltls-56623	409	47	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	410	1	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	410	2	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	410	3	hand	hand	NOUN
eltls-56623	410	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	410	5	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	410	6	highlights	highlight	VERB
eltls-56623	410	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	410	8	preposterous	preposterous	ADJ
eltls-56623	410	9	nature	nature	NOUN
eltls-56623	410	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	410	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	410	12	event	event	NOUN
eltls-56623	410	13	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	410	14	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	410	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	410	16	other	other	ADJ
eltls-56623	410	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	410	18	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	https://www.emojiall.com/en/emoji/%f0%9f%9a%a8	PROPN
eltls-56623	410	19	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-56623	410	20	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	410	21	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	410	22	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	410	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	410	24	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	410	25	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	410	26	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	410	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	411	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	411	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	411	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	411	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	411	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	411	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	411	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	411	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	411	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	411	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	411	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	411	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	411	13	156	156	NUM
eltls-56623	411	14	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	411	15	asserts	assert	VERB
eltls-56623	411	16	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	411	17	veracity	veracity	NOUN
eltls-56623	411	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	412	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	412	2	contradiction	contradiction	NOUN
eltls-56623	412	3	cultivates	cultivate	VERB
eltls-56623	412	4	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	412	5	narrative	narrative	NOUN
eltls-56623	412	6	atmosphere	atmosphere	NOUN
eltls-56623	412	7	steeped	steep	VERB
eltls-56623	412	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	412	9	irony	irony	NOUN
eltls-56623	412	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	412	11	sensationalism	sensationalism	NOUN
eltls-56623	412	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	412	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	412	14	incredulity	incredulity	NOUN
eltls-56623	412	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	412	16	proving	prove	VERB
eltls-56623	412	17	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-56623	412	18	effective	effective	ADJ
eltls-56623	412	19	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	412	20	attracting	attract	VERB
eltls-56623	412	21	clicks	click	NOUN
eltls-56623	412	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	412	23	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	412	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	413	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	413	2	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	413	3	itself	itself	PRON
eltls-56623	413	4	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	413	5	profoundly	profoundly	ADV
eltls-56623	413	6	absurd	absurd	ADJ
eltls-56623	413	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	413	8	yet	yet	CCONJ
eltls-56623	413	9	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	413	10	serves	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	413	11	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	413	12	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	413	13	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	413	14	outlet	outlet	NOUN
eltls-56623	413	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	413	16	providing	provide	VERB
eltls-56623	413	17	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	413	18	ideal	ideal	ADJ
eltls-56623	413	19	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
eltls-56623	413	20	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	413	21	mockery	mockery	NOUN
eltls-56623	413	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	413	23	derision	derision	NOUN
eltls-56623	413	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	413	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	413	26	catharsis	catharsis	NOUN
eltls-56623	413	27	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	413	28	audiences	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	413	29	’	’	PART
eltls-56623	413	30	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	413	31	sentiments	sentiment	NOUN
eltls-56623	413	32	towards	towards	ADP
eltls-56623	413	33	putin	putin	PROPN
eltls-56623	413	34	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	413	35	russia	russia	PROPN
eltls-56623	413	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	414	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	414	2	need	need	AUX
eltls-56623	414	3	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	414	4	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	414	5	fully	fully	ADV
eltls-56623	414	6	believed	believe	VERB
eltls-56623	414	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	414	8	only	only	ADV
eltls-56623	414	9	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
eltls-56623	414	10	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	414	11	entertaining	entertaining	ADJ
eltls-56623	414	12	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	414	13	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	414	14	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	414	15	satisfying	satisfy	VERB
eltls-56623	414	16	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	414	17	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	414	18	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	414	19	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	414	20	series	series	NOUN
eltls-56623	414	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	414	22	hashtags	hashtag	NOUN
eltls-56623	414	23	creates	create	VERB
eltls-56623	414	24	channels	channel	NOUN
eltls-56623	414	25	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	414	26	community	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	414	27	aggregation	aggregation	NOUN
eltls-56623	414	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	414	29	topic	topic	NOUN
eltls-56623	414	30	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	414	31	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	414	32	precisely	precisely	ADV
eltls-56623	414	33	targeting	target	VERB
eltls-56623	414	34	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	414	35	narratives	narrative	NOUN
eltls-56623	414	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	415	1	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	415	2	tags	tag	NOUN
eltls-56623	415	3	serve	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	415	4	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	415	5	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	415	6	categorise	categorise	VERB
eltls-56623	415	7	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	415	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	415	9	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	415	10	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	415	11	classify	classify	VERB
eltls-56623	415	12	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
eltls-56623	415	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	415	14	stance	stance	NOUN
eltls-56623	415	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	416	1	functioning	function	VERB
eltls-56623	416	2	like	like	ADP
eltls-56623	416	3	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	416	4	beacon	beacon	NOUN
eltls-56623	416	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	416	6	they	they	PRON
eltls-56623	416	7	swiftly	swiftly	ADV
eltls-56623	416	8	gather	gather	VERB
eltls-56623	416	9	anti	anti	ADJ
eltls-56623	416	10	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	416	11	russian	russian	ADJ
eltls-56623	416	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	416	13	pro	pro	ADJ
eltls-56623	416	14	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	416	15	ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ
eltls-56623	416	16	audiences	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	416	17	beneath	beneath	ADP
eltls-56623	416	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	416	19	post	post	NOUN
eltls-56623	416	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	416	21	guiding	guide	VERB
eltls-56623	416	22	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	416	23	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	416	24	engage	engage	VERB
eltls-56623	416	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	416	26	amplify	amplify	VERB
eltls-56623	416	27	discussions	discussion	NOUN
eltls-56623	416	28	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	416	29	shared	share	VERB
eltls-56623	416	30	tags	tag	NOUN
eltls-56623	416	31	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	416	32	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	416	33	generating	generate	VERB
eltls-56623	416	34	viral	viral	ADJ
eltls-56623	416	35	effect	effect	NOUN
eltls-56623	416	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	417	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	417	2	provoking	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	417	3	laughter	laughter	NOUN
eltls-56623	417	4	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	417	5	scorn	scorn	VERB
eltls-56623	417	6	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	417	7	absurd	absurd	ADJ
eltls-56623	417	8	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	417	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	417	10	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	417	11	temporary	temporary	ADJ
eltls-56623	417	12	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	417	13	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	417	14	community	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	417	15	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	417	16	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	417	17	forged	forge	VERB
eltls-56623	417	18	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	417	19	hashtags	hashtag	NOUN
eltls-56623	417	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	418	1	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	418	2	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	418	3	encouraged	encourage	VERB
eltls-56623	418	4	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	418	5	express	express	VERB
eltls-56623	418	6	solidarity	solidarity	NOUN
eltls-56623	418	7	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	418	8	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	418	9	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
eltls-56623	418	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	418	11	stance	stance	NOUN
eltls-56623	418	12	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	418	13	likes(72k	likes(72k	NOUN
eltls-56623	418	14	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	418	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	418	16	articulate	articulate	VERB
eltls-56623	418	17	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	418	18	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	418	19	views	view	NOUN
eltls-56623	418	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	418	21	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	418	22	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	418	23	comments(9.4k	comments(9.4k	NOUN
eltls-56623	418	24	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	418	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	418	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	418	27	engage	engage	VERB
eltls-56623	418	28	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	418	29	playful	playful	ADJ
eltls-56623	418	30	commentary	commentary	NOUN
eltls-56623	418	31	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	418	32	further	furth	ADJ
eltls-56623	418	33	satire	satire	NOUN
eltls-56623	418	34	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	418	35	reposts	repost	NOUN
eltls-56623	418	36	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	418	37	8.5k	8.5k	NUM
eltls-56623	418	38	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	418	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	419	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	419	2	use	use	NOUN
eltls-56623	419	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	419	4	hashtags	hashtag	NOUN
eltls-56623	419	5	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-56623	419	6	amplifies	amplify	VERB
eltls-56623	419	7	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	419	8	post	post	NOUN
eltls-56623	419	9	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	419	10	visibility	visibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	419	11	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	419	12	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	419	13	groups	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	419	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	419	15	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	419	16	igniting	ignite	VERB
eltls-56623	419	17	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	419	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	420	1	4.3.2	4.3.2	NUM
eltls-56623	420	2	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	420	4	change	change	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	5	publishers	publisher	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	420	7	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	420	8	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	9	employ	employ	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	10	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
eltls-56623	420	11	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
eltls-56623	420	12	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	420	13	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	420	15	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
eltls-56623	420	16	steering	steering	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	17	tactics	tactic	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	18	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	420	19	systematically	systematically	ADV
eltls-56623	420	20	provoke	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	420	21	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	420	22	sentiments	sentiment	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	23	among	among	ADP
eltls-56623	420	24	audiences	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	420	26	lower	lower	VERB
eltls-56623	420	27	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	420	28	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	420	29	thresholds	threshold	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	420	31	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	420	32	incentivise	incentivise	VERB
eltls-56623	420	33	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	420	34	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	420	35	become	become	VERB
eltls-56623	420	36	active	active	ADJ
eltls-56623	420	37	disseminators	disseminator	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	38	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	420	39	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	40	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	420	41	bakir	bakir	NOUN
eltls-56623	420	42	ey	ey	PROPN
eltls-56623	420	43	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	420	44	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	420	45	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	420	46	2018	2018	NUM
eltls-56623	420	47	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	420	48	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	421	2	enables	enable	VERB
eltls-56623	421	3	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	421	4	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	5	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	421	6	only	only	ADV
eltls-56623	421	7	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	421	8	achieve	achieve	VERB
eltls-56623	421	9	remarkable	remarkable	ADJ
eltls-56623	421	10	success	success	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	11	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	421	12	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	13	breadth	breadth	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	15	views	view	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	17	comments	comment	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	18	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	19	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	421	20	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	421	21	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	421	22	forge	forge	VERB
eltls-56623	421	23	robust	robust	ADJ
eltls-56623	421	24	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	25	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	26	cocoons	cocoon	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	27	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	28	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	421	29	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	30	belief	belief	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	31	communities	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	32	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	33	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	421	34	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	35	depth	depth	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	36	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	37	user	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	38	identification	identification	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	39	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	40	active	active	ADJ
eltls-56623	421	41	advocacy	advocacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	42	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	43	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	44	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-56623	421	45	complicating	complicate	VERB
eltls-56623	421	46	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	47	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	421	48	checking	check	VERB
eltls-56623	421	49	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	421	50	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	421	51	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	52	correction	correction	NOUN
eltls-56623	421	53	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	422	1	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	422	2	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	422	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	422	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	422	5	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	422	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	422	7	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	422	8	ice	ice	NOUN
eltls-56623	422	9	official	official	NOUN
eltls-56623	422	10	told	tell	VERB
eltls-56623	422	11	fox	fox	NOUN
eltls-56623	422	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	422	13	arrested	arrest	VERB
eltls-56623	422	14	suspect	suspect	NOUN
eltls-56623	422	15	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	422	16	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	422	17	guatemalan	guatemalan	PROPN
eltls-56623	422	18	immigrant	immigrant	NOUN
eltls-56623	422	19	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	422	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	422	21	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	422	22	illegally	illegally	ADV
eltls-56623	422	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	422	24	likely	likely	ADV
eltls-56623	422	25	shifting	shift	VERB
eltls-56623	422	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	422	27	focus	focus	NOUN
eltls-56623	422	28	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	422	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	422	30	story	story	NOUN
eltls-56623	422	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	423	1	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	423	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	423	3	ohio	ohio	PROPN
eltls-56623	423	4	has	have	VERB
eltls-56623	423	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	423	6	rape	rape	NOUN
eltls-56623	423	7	exception	exception	NOUN
eltls-56623	423	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	423	9	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	423	10	law	law	NOUN
eltls-56623	423	11	so	so	SCONJ
eltls-56623	423	12	that	that	DET
eltls-56623	423	13	part	part	NOUN
eltls-56623	423	14	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	423	15	still	still	ADV
eltls-56623	423	16	unclear	unclear	ADJ
eltls-56623	423	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	424	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	424	2	core	core	ADJ
eltls-56623	424	3	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	424	4	function	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	424	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	424	6	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	424	7	corpus	corpus	NOUN
eltls-56623	424	8	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	424	9	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	424	10	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
eltls-56623	424	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	424	12	condemnation	condemnation	NOUN
eltls-56623	424	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	424	14	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	424	15	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	424	16	superficial	superficial	ADJ
eltls-56623	424	17	objectivity	objectivity	NOUN
eltls-56623	424	18	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	424	19	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	424	20	achieve	achieve	VERB
eltls-56623	424	21	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	424	22	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	424	23	infiltration	infiltration	NOUN
eltls-56623	424	24	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	424	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	425	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	425	2	phrase	phrase	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	3	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	425	4	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	425	5	ice	ice	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	6	official	official	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	7	told	tell	VERB
eltls-56623	425	8	fox	fox	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	9	...	...	PUNCT
eltls-56623	425	10	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	425	11	leverages	leverage	VERB
eltls-56623	425	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	425	13	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	425	14	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	425	16	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	425	17	official	official	ADJ
eltls-56623	425	18	agency	agency	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	19	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	425	20	ice	ice	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	21	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	425	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	425	23	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	425	24	media	media	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	25	outlet	outlet	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	26	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	425	27	fox	fox	PROPN
eltls-56623	425	28	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	425	29	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	425	30	cloak	cloak	VERB
eltls-56623	425	31	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	425	32	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	33	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	425	34	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	425	35	aura	aura	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	36	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	425	37	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	425	38	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	39	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	425	40	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	425	41	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	425	42	lowering	lower	VERB
eltls-56623	425	43	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	425	44	initial	initial	ADJ
eltls-56623	425	45	psychological	psychological	ADJ
eltls-56623	425	46	defences	defence	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	47	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	425	48	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	425	49	interpreter	interpreter	NOUN
eltls-56623	425	50	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	426	1	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	426	2	...	...	PUNCT
eltls-56623	426	3	likely	likely	ADV
eltls-56623	426	4	shifting	shift	VERB
eltls-56623	426	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	426	6	focus	focus	NOUN
eltls-56623	426	7	...	...	PUNCT
eltls-56623	426	8	’and	’and	NUM
eltls-56623	426	9	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	426	10	...	...	PUNCT
eltls-56623	426	11	so	so	SCONJ
eltls-56623	426	12	that	that	DET
eltls-56623	426	13	part	part	NOUN
eltls-56623	426	14	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	426	15	still	still	ADV
eltls-56623	426	16	unclear	unclear	ADJ
eltls-56623	426	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	426	18	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	427	1	here	here	ADV
eltls-56623	427	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	427	3	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	427	4	likely	likely	ADJ
eltls-56623	427	5	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	427	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	427	7	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	427	8	unclear	unclear	ADJ
eltls-56623	427	9	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	427	10	do	do	AUX
eltls-56623	427	11	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	427	12	provide	provide	VERB
eltls-56623	427	13	definitive	definitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	427	14	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	427	15	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	427	16	implant	implant	ADJ
eltls-56623	427	17	conjecture	conjecture	NOUN
eltls-56623	427	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	427	19	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
eltls-56623	427	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	428	1	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	428	2	purpose	purpose	NOUN
eltls-56623	428	3	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	428	4	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	428	5	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	428	6	state	state	NOUN
eltls-56623	428	7	facts	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	428	8	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	428	9	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	428	10	guide	guide	VERB
eltls-56623	428	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	428	12	interpreter	interpreter	NOUN
eltls-56623	428	13	towards	towards	ADP
eltls-56623	428	14	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	428	15	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	428	16	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	428	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	428	18	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
eltls-56623	428	19	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	428	20	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	428	21	there	there	PRON
eltls-56623	428	22	are	be	VERB
eltls-56623	428	23	exceptions	exception	NOUN
eltls-56623	428	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	428	25	so	so	SCONJ
eltls-56623	428	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	428	27	incident	incident	NOUN
eltls-56623	428	28	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	428	29	contentious	contentious	ADJ
eltls-56623	428	30	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	428	31	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	428	32	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	428	33	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	428	34	casting	cast	VERB
eltls-56623	428	35	doubt	doubt	NOUN
eltls-56623	428	36	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	428	37	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	428	38	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	428	39	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	428	40	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	428	41	actual	actual	ADJ
eltls-56623	428	42	event	event	NOUN
eltls-56623	428	43	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	429	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	429	2	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	429	3	does	do	AUX
eltls-56623	429	4	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	429	5	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	429	6	demand	demand	VERB
eltls-56623	429	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	429	8	audience	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	429	9	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	429	10	believe	believe	VERB
eltls-56623	429	11	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	429	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	429	13	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	429	14	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-56623	429	15	guides	guide	VERB
eltls-56623	429	16	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	429	17	towards	towards	ADP
eltls-56623	429	18	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	429	19	doubt	doubt	NOUN
eltls-56623	429	20	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	429	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	430	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	430	2	aims	aim	VERB
eltls-56623	430	3	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	430	4	instil	instil	VERB
eltls-56623	430	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	430	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	430	7	interpreter	interpreter	NOUN
eltls-56623	430	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	430	9	perception	perception	NOUN
eltls-56623	430	10	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	430	11	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	430	12	there	there	PRON
eltls-56623	430	13	is	be	VERB
eltls-56623	430	14	more	more	ADJ
eltls-56623	430	15	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	430	16	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	430	17	story	story	NOUN
eltls-56623	430	18	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	430	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	430	20	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	430	21	suspending	suspend	VERB
eltls-56623	430	22	sympathy	sympathy	NOUN
eltls-56623	430	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	430	24	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	430	25	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	430	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	430	27	original	original	ADJ
eltls-56623	430	28	tragedy	tragedy	NOUN
eltls-56623	430	29	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	430	30	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	430	31	suffer	suffer	NOUN
eltls-56623	430	32	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	430	33	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	430	34	10	10	NUM
eltls-56623	430	35	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	430	36	year	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	430	37	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	430	38	old	old	ADJ
eltls-56623	430	39	girl	girl	NOUN
eltls-56623	430	40	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	430	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	431	1	instead	instead	ADV
eltls-56623	431	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	431	3	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	431	4	draws	draw	VERB
eltls-56623	431	5	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	431	6	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	ADJ
eltls-56623	431	7	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	431	8	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	431	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	431	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	431	11	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	431	12	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	431	13	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	431	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	432	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	432	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	432	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	432	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	432	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	432	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	432	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	432	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	432	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	432	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	432	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	432	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	432	13	157	157	NUM
eltls-56623	432	14	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	432	15	technical	technical	ADJ
eltls-56623	432	16	legal	legal	ADJ
eltls-56623	432	17	doubt	doubt	NOUN
eltls-56623	432	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	432	19	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
eltls-56623	432	20	achieving	achieve	VERB
eltls-56623	432	21	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	432	22	indirect	indirect	ADJ
eltls-56623	432	23	purpose	purpose	NOUN
eltls-56623	432	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	432	25	defending	defend	VERB
eltls-56623	432	26	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	432	27	stringent	stringent	ADJ
eltls-56623	432	28	abortion	abortion	NOUN
eltls-56623	432	29	laws	law	NOUN
eltls-56623	432	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	433	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	433	2	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	433	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	433	4	elementary	elementary	ADJ
eltls-56623	433	5	school	school	NOUN
eltls-56623	433	6	children	child	NOUN
eltls-56623	433	7	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	433	8	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	433	9	small	small	ADJ
eltls-56623	433	10	sacrifice	sacrifice	NOUN
eltls-56623	433	11	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	433	12	i	i	PRON
eltls-56623	433	13	'm	be	AUX
eltls-56623	433	14	willing	willing	ADJ
eltls-56623	433	15	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	433	16	make	make	VERB
eltls-56623	433	17	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	433	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	433	19	second	second	ADJ
eltls-56623	433	20	amendment	amendment	NOUN
eltls-56623	433	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	434	1	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	434	2	schools	school	NOUN
eltls-56623	434	3	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	434	4	n't	not	PART
eltls-56623	434	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	434	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	434	7	constitution	constitution	NOUN
eltls-56623	434	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	435	1	@voterandyfine	@voterandyfine	PROPN
eltls-56623	435	2	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	435	3	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	435	4	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	436	1	gun	gun	NOUN
eltls-56623	436	2	owner	owner	NOUN
eltls-56623	436	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	436	4	gun	gun	NOUN
eltls-56623	436	5	lover	lover	NOUN
eltls-56623	436	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	436	7	gun	gun	NOUN
eltls-56623	436	8	connoisseur	connoisseur	NOUN
eltls-56623	436	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	436	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	436	11	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	436	12	a+	a+	PRON
eltls-56623	436	13	grade	grade	NOUN
eltls-56623	436	14	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	436	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	436	16	nra	nra	PROPN
eltls-56623	436	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	436	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	436	19	national	national	PROPN
eltls-56623	436	20	rifle	rifle	PROPN
eltls-56623	436	21	association	association	PROPN
eltls-56623	436	22	!	!	PUNCT
eltls-56623	437	1	-randy	-randy	PROPN
eltls-56623	437	2	fine	fine	ADV
eltls-56623	437	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	437	4	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	437	5	function	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	437	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	437	7	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	437	8	sample	sample	NOUN
eltls-56623	437	9	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	437	10	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	437	11	convey	convey	VERB
eltls-56623	437	12	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	437	13	emotion	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	437	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	437	15	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	437	16	attitude	attitude	NOUN
eltls-56623	437	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	437	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	437	19	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	437	20	identification	identification	NOUN
eltls-56623	437	21	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	437	22	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	437	23	particular	particular	ADJ
eltls-56623	437	24	camp	camp	NOUN
eltls-56623	437	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	438	1	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	438	2	elementary	elementary	ADJ
eltls-56623	438	3	school	school	NOUN
eltls-56623	438	4	children	child	NOUN
eltls-56623	438	5	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	438	6	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	438	7	small	small	ADJ
eltls-56623	438	8	sacrifice	sacrifice	NOUN
eltls-56623	438	9	...	...	PUNCT
eltls-56623	438	10	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	438	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	438	12	second	second	ADJ
eltls-56623	438	13	amendment	amendment	NOUN
eltls-56623	438	14	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	438	15	constructs	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	438	16	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	438	17	irreconcilable	irreconcilable	ADJ
eltls-56623	438	18	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	438	19	opposition	opposition	NOUN
eltls-56623	438	20	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	438	21	defies	defy	VERB
eltls-56623	438	22	basic	basic	ADJ
eltls-56623	438	23	humanity	humanity	NOUN
eltls-56623	438	24	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	438	25	children	child	NOUN
eltls-56623	438	26	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	438	27	lives	life	NOUN
eltls-56623	438	28	vs	vs	ADP
eltls-56623	438	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	438	30	right	right	NOUN
eltls-56623	438	31	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	438	32	bear	bear	VERB
eltls-56623	438	33	arms	arm	NOUN
eltls-56623	438	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	439	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	439	2	extreme	extreme	ADJ
eltls-56623	439	3	expression	expression	NOUN
eltls-56623	439	4	aims	aim	VERB
eltls-56623	439	5	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	439	6	instantly	instantly	ADV
eltls-56623	439	7	provoke	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	439	8	intense	intense	ADJ
eltls-56623	439	9	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	439	10	shock	shock	NOUN
eltls-56623	439	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	439	12	outrage	outrage	NOUN
eltls-56623	439	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	440	1	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	440	2	gun	gun	NOUN
eltls-56623	440	3	owner	owner	NOUN
eltls-56623	440	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	440	5	gun	gun	NOUN
eltls-56623	440	6	lover	lover	NOUN
eltls-56623	440	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	440	8	gun	gun	NOUN
eltls-56623	440	9	connoisseur	connoisseur	NOUN
eltls-56623	440	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	440	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	440	12	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	440	13	a+	a+	PRON
eltls-56623	440	14	grade	grade	NOUN
eltls-56623	440	15	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	440	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	440	17	nra	nra	NOUN
eltls-56623	440	18	...	...	PUNCT
eltls-56623	440	19	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	440	20	serves	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	440	21	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	440	22	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
eltls-56623	440	23	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	440	24	affiliation	affiliation	NOUN
eltls-56623	440	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	441	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	441	2	functions	function	VERB
eltls-56623	441	3	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	441	4	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	441	5	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	441	6	description	description	NOUN
eltls-56623	441	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	441	8	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	441	9	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	441	10	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	441	11	rallying	rallying	NOUN
eltls-56623	441	12	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	441	13	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	441	14	group	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	441	15	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	441	16	hardline	hardline	ADJ
eltls-56623	441	17	gun	gun	NOUN
eltls-56623	441	18	rights	right	NOUN
eltls-56623	441	19	advocates	advocate	NOUN
eltls-56623	441	20	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	441	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	441	22	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	441	23	provocation	provocation	NOUN
eltls-56623	441	24	towards	towards	ADP
eltls-56623	441	25	another	another	PRON
eltls-56623	441	26	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	441	27	gun	gun	NOUN
eltls-56623	441	28	control	control	NOUN
eltls-56623	441	29	supporters	supporter	NOUN
eltls-56623	441	30	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	441	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	442	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	442	2	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	442	3	seeks	seek	VERB
eltls-56623	442	4	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	442	5	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	442	6	ignite	ignite	VERB
eltls-56623	442	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	442	8	audience	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	442	9	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	442	10	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	442	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	443	1	extreme	extreme	ADJ
eltls-56623	443	2	anger	anger	NOUN
eltls-56623	443	3	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	443	4	fear	fear	NOUN
eltls-56623	443	5	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-56623	443	6	heighten	heighten	VERB
eltls-56623	443	7	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	443	8	message	message	NOUN
eltls-56623	443	9	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	443	10	value	value	NOUN
eltls-56623	443	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	443	12	driving	drive	VERB
eltls-56623	443	13	interpreters	interpreter	NOUN
eltls-56623	443	14	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	443	15	vent	vent	VERB
eltls-56623	443	16	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	443	17	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	443	18	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	443	19	actions	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	443	20	like	like	ADP
eltls-56623	443	21	sharing	share	VERB
eltls-56623	443	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	443	23	commenting	commenting	NOUN
eltls-56623	443	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	444	1	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	444	2	exceptionally	exceptionally	ADV
eltls-56623	444	3	high	high	ADJ
eltls-56623	444	4	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	444	5	mobilisation	mobilisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	444	6	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
eltls-56623	444	7	bypasses	bypass	VERB
eltls-56623	444	8	complex	complex	ADJ
eltls-56623	444	9	policy	policy	NOUN
eltls-56623	444	10	debates	debate	NOUN
eltls-56623	444	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	444	12	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	444	13	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	444	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	444	15	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	444	16	jarring	jarring	ADJ
eltls-56623	444	17	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	444	18	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	444	19	provoke	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	444	20	primal	primal	ADJ
eltls-56623	444	21	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	444	22	responses	response	NOUN
eltls-56623	444	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	445	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	445	2	ensures	ensure	VERB
eltls-56623	445	3	rapid	rapid	ADJ
eltls-56623	445	4	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	445	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	445	6	resonance	resonance	NOUN
eltls-56623	445	7	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	445	8	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	445	9	ideological	ideological	ADJ
eltls-56623	445	10	camps	camp	NOUN
eltls-56623	445	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	446	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	446	2	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	446	3	evident	evident	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	4	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	446	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	446	6	initial	initial	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	7	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	8	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	446	9	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	446	10	relatively	relatively	ADV
eltls-56623	446	11	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	12	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	446	13	relying	rely	VERB
eltls-56623	446	14	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	446	15	singular	singular	NOUN
eltls-56623	446	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	446	17	concrete	concrete	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	18	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	446	19	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	446	20	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	446	21	evidence	evidence	NOUN
eltls-56623	446	22	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	446	23	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	446	24	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
eltls-56623	446	25	provoke	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	446	26	intense	intense	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	27	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	28	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	29	responses	response	NOUN
eltls-56623	446	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	446	31	primarily	primarily	ADV
eltls-56623	446	32	serving	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	446	33	immediate	immediate	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	34	catharsis	catharsis	NOUN
eltls-56623	446	35	without	without	ADP
eltls-56623	446	36	formulating	formulate	VERB
eltls-56623	446	37	explicit	explicit	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	446	39	actionable	actionable	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	40	directives	directive	NOUN
eltls-56623	446	41	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	446	42	collective	collective	ADJ
eltls-56623	446	43	mobilisation	mobilisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	446	44	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	447	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	447	2	early	early	ADJ
eltls-56623	447	3	form	form	NOUN
eltls-56623	447	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	447	5	rhetorical	rhetorical	ADJ
eltls-56623	447	6	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	447	7	achieved	achieve	VERB
eltls-56623	447	8	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	447	9	infiltration	infiltration	NOUN
eltls-56623	447	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	447	11	viewpoints	viewpoint	NOUN
eltls-56623	447	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	447	13	seeking	seek	VERB
eltls-56623	447	14	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	447	15	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
eltls-56623	447	16	internal	internal	ADJ
eltls-56623	447	17	identification	identification	NOUN
eltls-56623	447	18	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	447	19	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
eltls-56623	447	20	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	447	21	existing	exist	VERB
eltls-56623	447	22	groups	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	447	23	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-56623	447	24	than	than	ADP
eltls-56623	447	25	pursuing	pursue	VERB
eltls-56623	447	26	external	external	ADJ
eltls-56623	447	27	expansion	expansion	NOUN
eltls-56623	447	28	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	447	29	any	any	DET
eltls-56623	447	30	cost	cost	NOUN
eltls-56623	447	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	448	1	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	448	2	propagation	propagation	NOUN
eltls-56623	448	3	drew	draw	VERB
eltls-56623	448	4	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	448	5	momentum	momentum	NOUN
eltls-56623	448	6	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	448	7	resonance	resonance	NOUN
eltls-56623	448	8	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	448	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	448	10	community	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	448	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	448	12	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	448	13	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	448	14	carefully	carefully	ADV
eltls-56623	448	15	engineered	engineer	VERB
eltls-56623	448	16	external	external	ADJ
eltls-56623	448	17	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	448	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	449	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	449	2	was	be	AUX
eltls-56623	449	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	449	4	voice	voice	NOUN
eltls-56623	449	5	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	449	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	449	7	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	449	8	echo	echo	NOUN
eltls-56623	449	9	chamber	chamber	NOUN
eltls-56623	449	10	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	449	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	449	12	designed	design	VERB
eltls-56623	449	13	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	449	14	amplify	amplify	VERB
eltls-56623	449	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	449	16	sound	sound	NOUN
eltls-56623	449	17	within	within	ADV
eltls-56623	449	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	450	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	450	2	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	450	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	450	4	sorreeeeey	sorreeeeey	NOUN
eltls-56623	450	5	i	i	PRON
eltls-56623	450	6	birthed	birth	VERB
eltls-56623	450	7	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	450	8	gamer	gamer	NOUN
eltls-56623	450	9	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	450	10	instance	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	450	11	represents	represent	VERB
eltls-56623	450	12	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	450	13	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
eltls-56623	450	14	leap	leap	NOUN
eltls-56623	450	15	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	450	16	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	450	17	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	450	18	function	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	450	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	451	1	no	no	ADV
eltls-56623	451	2	longer	long	ADV
eltls-56623	451	3	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	451	4	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	451	5	internal	internal	ADJ
eltls-56623	451	6	resonance	resonance	NOUN
eltls-56623	451	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	451	8	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	451	9	aims	aim	VERB
eltls-56623	451	10	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	451	11	create	create	VERB
eltls-56623	451	12	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	451	13	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	451	14	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	451	15	capable	capable	ADJ
eltls-56623	451	16	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	451	17	penetrating	penetrate	VERB
eltls-56623	451	18	diverse	diverse	ADJ
eltls-56623	451	19	circles	circle	NOUN
eltls-56623	451	20	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	451	21	viral	viral	ADJ
eltls-56623	451	22	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	451	23	like	like	ADJ
eltls-56623	451	24	contagion	contagion	NOUN
eltls-56623	451	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	452	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	452	2	condenses	condense	VERB
eltls-56623	452	3	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	452	4	complex	complex	ADJ
eltls-56623	452	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	452	6	contentious	contentious	ADJ
eltls-56623	452	7	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	452	8	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	452	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	452	10	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	452	11	abortion	abortion	NOUN
eltls-56623	452	12	rights	right	NOUN
eltls-56623	452	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	452	14	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	452	15	security	security	NOUN
eltls-56623	452	16	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	452	17	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	452	18	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	452	19	absurd	absurd	ADJ
eltls-56623	452	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	452	21	comical	comical	ADJ
eltls-56623	452	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	452	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	452	24	emotionally	emotionally	ADV
eltls-56623	452	25	charged	charge	VERB
eltls-56623	452	26	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	452	27	scenario	scenario	NOUN
eltls-56623	452	28	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	452	29	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	452	30	sorry	sorry	INTJ
eltls-56623	452	31	i	i	PRON
eltls-56623	452	32	gave	give	VERB
eltls-56623	452	33	birth	birth	NOUN
eltls-56623	452	34	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	452	35	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	452	36	gamer	gamer	NOUN
eltls-56623	452	37	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	452	38	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	452	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	453	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	453	2	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-56623	453	3	drastically	drastically	ADV
eltls-56623	453	4	lowers	lower	VERB
eltls-56623	453	5	both	both	CCONJ
eltls-56623	453	6	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	453	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	453	8	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	453	9	thresholds	threshold	NOUN
eltls-56623	453	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	453	11	captivating	captivating	ADJ
eltls-56623	453	12	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	453	13	provoking	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	453	14	even	even	ADV
eltls-56623	453	15	those	those	PRON
eltls-56623	453	16	unfamiliar	unfamiliar	ADJ
eltls-56623	453	17	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	453	18	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	453	19	context	context	NOUN
eltls-56623	453	20	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	453	21	absurdity	absurdity	NOUN
eltls-56623	453	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	454	1	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	454	2	core	core	NOUN
eltls-56623	454	3	function	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	454	4	lies	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	454	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	454	6	eliciting	elicit	VERB
eltls-56623	454	7	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	454	8	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	454	9	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	454	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	454	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	454	12	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	454	13	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	454	14	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	454	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	455	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	455	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	455	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	455	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	455	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	455	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	455	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	455	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	455	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	455	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	455	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	455	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	456	1	158	158	NUM
eltls-56623	456	2	intense	intense	ADJ
eltls-56623	456	3	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	456	4	reactions	reaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	456	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	456	6	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	456	7	supporters	supporter	NOUN
eltls-56623	456	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	456	9	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	456	10	serves	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	456	11	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	456	12	extreme	extreme	ADJ
eltls-56623	456	13	satire	satire	NOUN
eltls-56623	456	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	456	15	mockery	mockery	NOUN
eltls-56623	456	16	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	456	17	opposing	oppose	VERB
eltls-56623	456	18	views	view	NOUN
eltls-56623	456	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	456	20	provoking	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	456	21	laughter	laughter	NOUN
eltls-56623	456	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	456	23	eager	eager	ADJ
eltls-56623	456	24	sharing	sharing	NOUN
eltls-56623	456	25	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	456	26	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	456	27	opponents	opponent	NOUN
eltls-56623	456	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	456	29	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	456	30	represents	represent	VERB
eltls-56623	456	31	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	456	32	infuriating	infuriating	ADJ
eltls-56623	456	33	distortion	distortion	NOUN
eltls-56623	456	34	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	456	35	potentially	potentially	ADV
eltls-56623	456	36	triggering	trigger	VERB
eltls-56623	456	37	rebuttal	rebuttal	NOUN
eltls-56623	456	38	reposting	reposting	NOUN
eltls-56623	456	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	457	1	both	both	DET
eltls-56623	457	2	emotion	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	457	3	drives	drive	VERB
eltls-56623	457	4	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	457	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	457	6	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	457	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	457	8	perfectly	perfectly	ADV
eltls-56623	457	9	aligning	align	VERB
eltls-56623	457	10	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	457	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	457	12	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	457	13	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	457	14	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	457	15	first	first	ADJ
eltls-56623	457	16	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	457	17	logic	logic	NOUN
eltls-56623	457	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	458	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	458	2	post	post	NOUN
eltls-56623	458	3	exemplifies	exemplify	VERB
eltls-56623	458	4	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	458	5	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-56623	458	6	evolved	evolved	ADJ
eltls-56623	458	7	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	458	8	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	458	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	459	2	transcends	transcend	VERB
eltls-56623	459	3	mere	mere	ADJ
eltls-56623	459	4	commentary	commentary	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	6	functioning	function	VERB
eltls-56623	459	7	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	459	8	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	459	9	meticulously	meticulously	ADV
eltls-56623	459	10	engineered	engineer	VERB
eltls-56623	459	11	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	12	weapon	weapon	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	13	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	14	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	459	15	form	form	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	16	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	459	17	born	bear	VERB
eltls-56623	459	18	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	459	19	viral	viral	ADJ
eltls-56623	459	20	propagation	propagation	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	22	maximising	maximise	VERB
eltls-56623	459	23	views	view	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	459	25	interactions	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	26	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	27	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	459	28	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	459	29	hook	hook	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	31	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	459	32	successfully	successfully	ADV
eltls-56623	459	33	guide	guide	VERB
eltls-56623	459	34	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	459	35	concentrates	concentrate	VERB
eltls-56623	459	36	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	37	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	459	38	provoking	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	459	39	emotion	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	40	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	41	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
eltls-56623	459	42	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	459	43	barriers	barrier	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	44	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	459	45	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	46	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	47	cocoons	cocoon	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	48	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	49	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	459	50	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	51	belief	belief	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	52	communities	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	53	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	54	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	55	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	459	56	high	high	ADJ
eltls-56623	459	57	meme	meme	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	58	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	459	59	absurd	absurd	ADJ
eltls-56623	459	60	nature	nature	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	61	renders	render	VERB
eltls-56623	459	62	any	any	DET
eltls-56623	459	63	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	64	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	459	65	checking	check	VERB
eltls-56623	459	66	futile	futile	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	67	against	against	ADP
eltls-56623	459	68	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	459	69	potent	potent	ADJ
eltls-56623	459	70	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	459	71	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	459	72	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	460	1	supporters	supporter	NOUN
eltls-56623	460	2	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	460	3	argue	argue	VERB
eltls-56623	460	4	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	460	5	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	460	6	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	460	7	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	460	8	checking	checking	NOUN
eltls-56623	460	9	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	460	10	nitpicking	nitpick	VERB
eltls-56623	460	11	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	460	12	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	460	13	spirit	spirit	NOUN
eltls-56623	460	14	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	460	15	conveys	convey	VERB
eltls-56623	460	16	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	460	17	correct”—precisely	correct”—precisely	ADV
eltls-56623	460	18	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-56623	460	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	460	20	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	460	21	precision	precision	NOUN
eltls-56623	460	22	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	460	23	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	460	24	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	460	25	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	460	26	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	460	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	461	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	461	2	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	461	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	1	[	[	X
eltls-56623	462	2	emoji	emoji	VERB
eltls-56623	462	3	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	4	explosion]flashback	explosion]flashback	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	5	video	video	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	6	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	7	joe	joe	PROPN
eltls-56623	462	8	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	462	9	fantasizes	fantasize	VERB
eltls-56623	462	10	about	about	ADP
eltls-56623	462	11	making	make	VERB
eltls-56623	462	12	white	white	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	13	americans	americans	PROPN
eltls-56623	462	14	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	462	15	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	16	absolute	absolute	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	17	minority	minority	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	18	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	19	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	462	20	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	21	non	non	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	22	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	23	stop	stop	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	24	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	25	immigration	immigration	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	26	~	~	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	27	one	one	NUM
eltls-56623	462	28	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	462	29	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	462	30	few	few	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	31	promises	promise	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	32	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	462	33	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	462	34	kept	keep	VERB
eltls-56623	462	35	[	[	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	36	emoji	emoji	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	37	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	38	red	red	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	39	angry	angry	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	40	face	face	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	41	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	42	#	#	SYM
eltls-56623	462	43	trumpgirlonfire	trumpgirlonfire	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	44	[	[	X
eltls-56623	462	45	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	46	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	47	fire	fire	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	48	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	49	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	462	50	instance	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	51	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	462	52	incites	incite	VERB
eltls-56623	462	53	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	54	binding	bind	VERB
eltls-56623	462	55	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	56	opening	opening	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	57	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	462	58	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	462	59	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-56623	462	60	provocative	provocative	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	61	[	[	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	62	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	63	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	64	explosion	explosion	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	65	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	66	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	67	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	462	68	instantly	instantly	ADV
eltls-56623	462	69	ignite	ignite	VERB
eltls-56623	462	70	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	71	’	’	PART
eltls-56623	462	72	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	73	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	462	74	pre	pre	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	75	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	76	emptively	emptively	ADV
eltls-56623	462	77	framing	frame	VERB
eltls-56623	462	78	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	462	79	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	462	80	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	462	81	explosive	explosive	ADJ
eltls-56623	462	82	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	463	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	463	2	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	463	3	function	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	463	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	463	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	463	6	[	[	X
eltls-56623	463	7	emoji	emoji	ADJ
eltls-56623	463	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	463	9	red	red	ADJ
eltls-56623	463	10	angry	angry	ADJ
eltls-56623	463	11	face	face	NOUN
eltls-56623	463	12	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	463	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	463	14	[	[	X
eltls-56623	463	15	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	463	16	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	463	17	fire	fire	NOUN
eltls-56623	463	18	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	463	19	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	463	20	lies	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	463	21	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	463	22	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	463	23	framing	frame	VERB
eltls-56623	463	24	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	463	25	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	463	26	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	463	27	steering	steer	VERB
eltls-56623	463	28	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	463	29	reader	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	463	30	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	463	31	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	463	32	response	response	NOUN
eltls-56623	463	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	464	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	464	2	former	former	ADJ
eltls-56623	464	3	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
eltls-56623	464	4	signals	signal	VERB
eltls-56623	464	5	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	464	6	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	7	should	should	AUX
eltls-56623	464	8	feel	feel	VERB
eltls-56623	464	9	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	464	10	anger	anger	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	11	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	464	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	464	13	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	464	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	464	15	latter	latter	ADJ
eltls-56623	464	16	links	link	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	17	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	464	18	anger	anger	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	19	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	464	20	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	464	21	passion	passion	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	22	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	464	23	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	464	24	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	464	25	movement	movement	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	26	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	464	27	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	464	28	#	#	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	29	trumpgirlonfire	trumpgirlonfire	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	30	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	464	31	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	464	32	transforming	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	464	33	negative	negative	ADJ
eltls-56623	464	34	emotion	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	35	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	464	36	collective	collective	ADJ
eltls-56623	464	37	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	38	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	464	39	energy	energy	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	40	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	464	41	action	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	464	42	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	465	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	465	2	use	use	NOUN
eltls-56623	465	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	465	4	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	465	5	fantasises	fantasise	VERB
eltls-56623	465	6	about	about	ADV
eltls-56623	465	7	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	465	8	carries	carry	VERB
eltls-56623	465	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	465	10	intent	intent	NOUN
eltls-56623	465	11	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	465	12	demonise	demonise	VERB
eltls-56623	465	13	biden	biden	PROPN
eltls-56623	465	14	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	465	15	policy	policy	NOUN
eltls-56623	465	16	stance	stance	NOUN
eltls-56623	465	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	465	18	supporting	support	VERB
eltls-56623	465	19	immigration	immigration	NOUN
eltls-56623	465	20	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	465	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	465	22	portraying	portray	VERB
eltls-56623	465	23	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	465	24	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	465	25	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	465	26	irrational	irrational	ADJ
eltls-56623	465	27	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	465	28	malicious	malicious	ADJ
eltls-56623	465	29	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	465	30	fantasy	fantasy	NOUN
eltls-56623	465	31	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	465	32	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	465	33	stir	stir	VERB
eltls-56623	465	34	fear	fear	NOUN
eltls-56623	465	35	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	465	36	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	465	37	revulsion	revulsion	NOUN
eltls-56623	465	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	466	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	466	2	hashtag	hashtag	NOUN
eltls-56623	466	3	#	#	NOUN
eltls-56623	466	4	trumpgirlonfire	trumpgirlonfire	NOUN
eltls-56623	466	5	functions	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	466	6	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	466	7	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	466	8	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	466	9	gateway	gateway	NOUN
eltls-56623	466	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	467	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	467	2	transcends	transcend	VERB
eltls-56623	467	3	mere	mere	ADJ
eltls-56623	467	4	tagging	tag	VERB
eltls-56623	467	5	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	467	6	become	become	VERB
eltls-56623	467	7	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	467	8	community	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	467	9	marker	marker	NOUN
eltls-56623	467	10	encouraging	encouraging	ADJ
eltls-56623	467	11	like	like	ADP
eltls-56623	467	12	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	467	13	minded	minded	ADJ
eltls-56623	467	14	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	467	15	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	467	16	aggregate	aggregate	VERB
eltls-56623	467	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	467	18	interact	interact	VERB
eltls-56623	467	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	467	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	467	21	disseminate	disseminate	VERB
eltls-56623	467	22	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	467	23	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	467	24	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	467	25	use	use	NOUN
eltls-56623	467	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	467	27	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	467	28	amplifying	amplify	VERB
eltls-56623	467	29	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	467	30	echo	echo	NOUN
eltls-56623	467	31	chamber	chamber	NOUN
eltls-56623	467	32	effect	effect	NOUN
eltls-56623	467	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	468	1	mid	mid	ADJ
eltls-56623	468	2	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	468	3	term	term	ADJ
eltls-56623	468	4	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	468	5	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	468	6	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	468	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	468	8	direct	direct	ADJ
eltls-56623	468	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	468	10	high	high	ADJ
eltls-56623	468	11	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	468	12	intensity	intensity	NOUN
eltls-56623	468	13	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	468	14	bombardment	bombardment	NOUN
eltls-56623	468	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	469	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	469	2	primarily	primarily	ADV
eltls-56623	469	3	relies	rely	VERB
eltls-56623	469	4	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	469	5	triggering	trigger	VERB
eltls-56623	469	6	primal	primal	ADJ
eltls-56623	469	7	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	469	8	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	469	9	anger	anger	NOUN
eltls-56623	469	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	469	11	fear	fear	NOUN
eltls-56623	469	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	469	13	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	469	14	drive	drive	VERB
eltls-56623	469	15	user	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	469	16	likes	like	NOUN
eltls-56623	469	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	469	18	shares	share	NOUN
eltls-56623	469	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	470	1	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	470	2	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	470	3	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	470	4	relatively	relatively	ADV
eltls-56623	470	5	simple	simple	ADJ
eltls-56623	470	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	470	7	direct	direct	ADJ
eltls-56623	470	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	470	9	depending	depend	VERB
eltls-56623	470	10	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	470	11	emoticons	emoticon	NOUN
eltls-56623	470	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	470	13	sensational	sensational	ADJ
eltls-56623	470	14	accusations	accusation	NOUN
eltls-56623	470	15	themselves	themselves	PRON
eltls-56623	470	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	470	17	deliberately	deliberately	ADV
eltls-56623	470	18	obscuring	obscure	VERB
eltls-56623	470	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	470	20	distorting	distort	VERB
eltls-56623	470	21	factual	factual	ADJ
eltls-56623	470	22	contexts	context	NOUN
eltls-56623	470	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	471	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	471	2	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	471	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	471	4	fox	fox	PROPN
eltls-56623	471	5	news	news	PROPN
eltls-56623	471	6	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	471	7	harris	harris	PROPN
eltls-56623	471	8	faulkner	faulkner	PROPN
eltls-56623	471	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	471	10	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	471	11	religious	religious	ADJ
eltls-56623	471	12	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	471	13	themed	theme	VERB
eltls-56623	471	14	designs	design	NOUN
eltls-56623	471	15	banned	ban	VERB
eltls-56623	471	16	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	471	17	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	471	18	white	white	PROPN
eltls-56623	471	19	house	house	PROPN
eltls-56623	471	20	easter	easter	PROPN
eltls-56623	471	21	egg	egg	NOUN
eltls-56623	471	22	art	art	NOUN
eltls-56623	471	23	contest	contest	NOUN
eltls-56623	471	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	472	1	what	what	PRON
eltls-56623	472	2	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	472	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	472	4	world	world	NOUN
eltls-56623	472	5	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	472	6	that	that	PRON
eltls-56623	472	7	about	about	ADP
eltls-56623	472	8	?	?	PUNCT
eltls-56623	472	9	!	!	PUNCT
eltls-56623	472	10	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	473	1	brian	brian	PROPN
eltls-56623	473	2	kilmeade	kilmeade	PROPN
eltls-56623	473	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	473	4	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	473	5	uhh	uhh	INTJ
eltls-56623	473	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	473	7	more	more	ADJ
eltls-56623	473	8	stupidity	stupidity	NOUN
eltls-56623	473	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	473	10	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	474	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	474	2	rule	rule	NOUN
eltls-56623	474	3	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	474	4	been	be	AUX
eltls-56623	474	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	474	6	place	place	NOUN
eltls-56623	474	7	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	474	8	47	47	NUM
eltls-56623	474	9	years	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	474	10	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	474	11	including	include	VERB
eltls-56623	474	12	under	under	ADP
eltls-56623	474	13	trump	trump	NOUN
eltls-56623	474	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	475	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	475	2	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	475	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	475	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	475	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	475	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	475	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	475	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	475	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	476	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	476	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	476	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	476	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	476	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	476	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	476	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	476	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	476	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	476	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	476	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	476	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	477	1	159	159	NUM
eltls-56623	477	2	https://nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/conservatives-shell-decades-long-white-house-easter-egg-co	https://nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/conservatives-shell-decades-long-white-house-easter-egg-co	ADJ
eltls-56623	477	3	ntest	nt	ADJ
eltls-56623	477	4	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	477	5	rcna145771	rcna145771	NOUN
eltls-56623	477	6	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	477	7	opening	opening	NOUN
eltls-56623	477	8	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	477	9	quotes	quote	VERB
eltls-56623	477	10	scepticism	scepticism	NOUN
eltls-56623	477	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	477	12	criticism	criticism	NOUN
eltls-56623	477	13	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	477	14	mainstream	mainstream	ADJ
eltls-56623	477	15	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	477	16	personalities	personality	NOUN
eltls-56623	477	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	477	18	harris	harris	PROPN
eltls-56623	477	19	faulkner	faulkner	PROPN
eltls-56623	477	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	477	21	brian	brian	PROPN
eltls-56623	477	22	kilmeade	kilmeade	PROPN
eltls-56623	477	23	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	477	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	478	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	478	2	constitutes	constitute	VERB
eltls-56623	478	3	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	478	4	exceptionally	exceptionally	ADV
eltls-56623	478	5	cunning	cunning	ADJ
eltls-56623	478	6	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	478	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	478	8	appropriating	appropriate	VERB
eltls-56623	478	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	478	10	superficial	superficial	ADJ
eltls-56623	478	11	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	478	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	478	13	mainstream	mainstream	NOUN
eltls-56623	478	14	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	478	15	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	478	16	lend	lend	VERB
eltls-56623	478	17	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	478	18	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	478	19	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	478	20	own	own	ADJ
eltls-56623	478	21	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	478	22	narrative	narrative	NOUN
eltls-56623	478	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	479	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	479	2	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-56623	479	3	lowers	lower	VERB
eltls-56623	479	4	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	479	5	’	’	PART
eltls-56623	479	6	psychological	psychological	ADJ
eltls-56623	479	7	defences	defence	NOUN
eltls-56623	479	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	479	9	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-56623	479	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	479	11	offensive	offensive	ADJ
eltls-56623	479	12	remarks	remark	NOUN
eltls-56623	479	13	originate	originate	VERB
eltls-56623	479	14	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	479	15	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	479	16	anonymous	anonymous	ADJ
eltls-56623	479	17	accounts	account	NOUN
eltls-56623	479	18	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	479	19	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	479	20	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	479	21	fox	fox	PROPN
eltls-56623	479	22	news	news	PROPN
eltls-56623	479	23	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	479	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	480	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	480	2	core	core	NOUN
eltls-56623	480	3	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	480	4	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	480	5	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	480	6	rule	rule	NOUN
eltls-56623	480	7	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	480	8	been	be	AUX
eltls-56623	480	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	480	10	place	place	NOUN
eltls-56623	480	11	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	480	12	47	47	NUM
eltls-56623	480	13	years	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	480	14	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	480	15	including	include	VERB
eltls-56623	480	16	under	under	ADP
eltls-56623	480	17	trump	trump	NOUN
eltls-56623	480	18	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	480	19	functions	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	480	20	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	480	21	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	480	22	disguised	disguise	VERB
eltls-56623	480	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	480	24	objective	objective	ADJ
eltls-56623	480	25	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	480	26	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	480	27	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	480	28	checker	checker	NOUN
eltls-56623	480	29	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	480	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	481	2	presenting	present	VERB
eltls-56623	481	3	genuine	genuine	ADJ
eltls-56623	481	4	historical	historical	ADJ
eltls-56623	481	5	context	context	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	6	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	481	8	rule	rule	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	9	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	481	10	47	47	NUM
eltls-56623	481	11	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	12	year	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	13	existence	existence	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	14	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	16	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	481	17	true	true	ADJ
eltls-56623	481	18	intent	intent	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	19	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	481	20	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	481	21	truth	truth	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	22	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	23	seeking	seeking	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	25	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	481	26	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-56623	481	27	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	481	28	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
eltls-56623	481	29	stigmatise	stigmatise	VERB
eltls-56623	481	30	opponents	opponent	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	31	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	481	32	projecting	project	VERB
eltls-56623	481	33	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	481	34	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	481	36	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	37	rationality	rationality	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	39	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	40	accusing	accuse	VERB
eltls-56623	481	41	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	481	42	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	481	43	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	44	lying	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	481	45	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	46	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	481	47	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	48	double	double	ADJ
eltls-56623	481	49	standards	standard	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	50	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	51	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	52	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	481	53	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
eltls-56623	481	54	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	481	55	target	target	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	56	audience	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	57	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	481	58	pre	pre	ADJ
eltls-56623	481	59	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	481	60	existing	existing	ADJ
eltls-56623	481	61	belief	belief	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	62	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	481	63	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	64	mainstream	mainstream	ADJ
eltls-56623	481	65	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	481	66	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	481	67	untrustworthy	untrustworthy	ADJ
eltls-56623	481	68	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	481	69	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	1	finally	finally	ADV
eltls-56623	482	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	482	4	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	482	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	482	6	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	482	7	link	link	NOUN
eltls-56623	482	8	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	482	9	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	10	nbcnews.com	nbcnews.com	X
eltls-56623	482	11	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	12	serves	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	482	13	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	482	14	purposes	purpose	NOUN
eltls-56623	482	15	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	16	firstly	firstly	ADV
eltls-56623	482	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	18	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	482	19	further	far	ADV
eltls-56623	482	20	solidify	solidify	VERB
eltls-56623	482	21	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	482	22	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	482	23	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	482	24	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	482	25	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	26	well	well	ADV
eltls-56623	482	27	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	28	informed	inform	VERB
eltls-56623	482	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	30	rational	rational	ADJ
eltls-56623	482	31	entity	entity	NOUN
eltls-56623	482	32	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	33	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	34	secondly	secondly	ADV
eltls-56623	482	35	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	36	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	482	37	offer	offer	VERB
eltls-56623	482	38	readers	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	482	39	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	482	40	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	41	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	482	42	shortcut	shortcut	NOUN
eltls-56623	482	43	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	482	44	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	483	1	most	most	ADJ
eltls-56623	483	2	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	483	3	wo	will	AUX
eltls-56623	483	4	n’t	not	PART
eltls-56623	483	5	click	click	VERB
eltls-56623	483	6	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	483	7	read	read	VERB
eltls-56623	483	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	483	9	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	483	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	483	11	link	link	NOUN
eltls-56623	483	12	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	483	13	presence	presence	NOUN
eltls-56623	483	14	itself	itself	PRON
eltls-56623	483	15	serves	serve	VERB
eltls-56623	483	16	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	483	17	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	483	18	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	483	19	marker	marker	NOUN
eltls-56623	483	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	483	21	implying	imply	VERB
eltls-56623	483	22	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	483	23	everything	everything	PRON
eltls-56623	483	24	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	483	25	verifiable	verifiable	ADJ
eltls-56623	483	26	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	483	27	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	483	28	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	483	29	encouraging	encourage	VERB
eltls-56623	483	30	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	483	31	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	483	32	accept	accept	VERB
eltls-56623	483	33	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	483	34	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	483	35	outright	outright	ADV
eltls-56623	483	36	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	483	37	share	share	VERB
eltls-56623	483	38	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	483	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	484	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	484	2	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	484	3	employs	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	484	4	rationality	rationality	NOUN
eltls-56623	484	5	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	484	6	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	484	7	façade	façade	NOUN
eltls-56623	484	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	484	9	hijacks	hijack	VERB
eltls-56623	484	10	authoritative	authoritative	ADJ
eltls-56623	484	11	sources	source	NOUN
eltls-56623	484	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	484	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	484	14	engages	engage	VERB
eltls-56623	484	15	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	484	16	reverse	reverse	NOUN
eltls-56623	484	17	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	484	18	accusations	accusation	NOUN
eltls-56623	484	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	485	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	485	2	no	no	ADV
eltls-56623	485	3	longer	long	ADV
eltls-56623	485	4	relies	rely	VERB
eltls-56623	485	5	solely	solely	ADV
eltls-56623	485	6	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	485	7	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	485	8	incitement	incitement	NOUN
eltls-56623	485	9	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	485	10	instead	instead	ADV
eltls-56623	485	11	motivates	motivate	VERB
eltls-56623	485	12	engagement	engagement	NOUN
eltls-56623	485	13	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	485	14	offering	offer	VERB
eltls-56623	485	15	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	485	16	sense	sense	NOUN
eltls-56623	485	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	485	18	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	485	19	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
eltls-56623	485	20	superiority	superiority	NOUN
eltls-56623	485	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	486	1	’when	’when	VERB
eltls-56623	487	1	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	487	2	share	share	VERB
eltls-56623	487	3	such	such	ADJ
eltls-56623	487	4	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	487	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	487	6	they	they	PRON
eltls-56623	487	7	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	487	8	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	487	9	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	487	10	expressing	express	VERB
eltls-56623	487	11	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
eltls-56623	487	12	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	487	13	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
eltls-56623	487	14	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	487	15	they	they	PRON
eltls-56623	487	16	have	have	AUX
eltls-56623	487	17	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	487	18	seen	see	VERB
eltls-56623	487	19	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	487	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	487	21	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	487	22	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	487	23	lies	lie	NOUN
eltls-56623	487	24	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	487	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	487	26	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	487	27	uncovered	uncover	VERB
eltls-56623	487	28	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	487	29	truth	truth	NOUN
eltls-56623	487	30	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	487	31	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	488	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	488	2	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	488	3	becomes	become	VERB
eltls-56623	488	4	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	488	5	declaration	declaration	NOUN
eltls-56623	488	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	488	7	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	488	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	488	9	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	488	10	superiority	superiority	NOUN
eltls-56623	488	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	489	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	489	2	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	489	3	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	489	4	series	series	NOUN
eltls-56623	489	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	489	6	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	489	7	simulated	simulated	ADJ
eltls-56623	489	8	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	489	9	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	489	10	techniques	technique	NOUN
eltls-56623	489	11	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	489	12	citing	cite	VERB
eltls-56623	489	13	mainstream	mainstream	ADJ
eltls-56623	489	14	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	489	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	489	16	using	use	VERB
eltls-56623	489	17	rational	rational	ADJ
eltls-56623	489	18	refutation	refutation	NOUN
eltls-56623	489	19	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	489	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	489	21	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	489	22	providing	provide	VERB
eltls-56623	489	23	source	source	NOUN
eltls-56623	489	24	links	link	NOUN
eltls-56623	489	25	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	489	26	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	489	27	constructs	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	489	28	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	489	29	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	489	30	robust	robust	ADJ
eltls-56623	489	31	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	489	32	difficult	difficult	ADJ
eltls-56623	489	33	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	489	34	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	489	35	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	489	36	debunk	debunk	VERB
eltls-56623	489	37	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	489	38	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	489	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	490	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	490	2	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	490	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	490	4	folks	folk	NOUN
eltls-56623	490	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	490	6	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	490	7	’s	’	VERB
eltls-56623	490	8	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	490	9	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	490	10	18	18	NUM
eltls-56623	490	11	m	m	NOUN
eltls-56623	490	12	voters	voter	NOUN
eltls-56623	490	13	did	do	AUX
eltls-56623	490	14	n’t	not	PART
eltls-56623	490	15	show	show	VERB
eltls-56623	490	16	up	up	ADP
eltls-56623	490	17	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	490	18	vote	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	490	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	491	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	491	2	’s	’	VERB
eltls-56623	491	3	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	491	4	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	491	5	18	18	NUM
eltls-56623	491	6	million	million	NUM
eltls-56623	491	7	votesare	votesare	NOUN
eltls-56623	491	8	missing	missing	ADJ
eltls-56623	491	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	492	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	492	2	evolution	evolution	NOUN
eltls-56623	492	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	492	4	later	later	ADJ
eltls-56623	492	5	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	492	6	stage	stage	NOUN
eltls-56623	492	7	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	492	8	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	492	9	been	be	AUX
eltls-56623	492	10	remarkably	remarkably	ADV
eltls-56623	492	11	rapid	rapid	ADJ
eltls-56623	492	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	492	13	having	having	AUX
eltls-56623	492	14	already	already	ADV
eltls-56623	492	15	established	establish	VERB
eltls-56623	492	16	systematic	systematic	ADJ
eltls-56623	492	17	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	492	18	constructs	construct	NOUN
eltls-56623	492	19	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	492	20	preset	preset	ADJ
eltls-56623	492	21	frameworks	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	492	22	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	492	23	action	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	492	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	493	1	taking	take	VERB
eltls-56623	493	2	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	493	3	instance	instance	NOUN
eltls-56623	493	4	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	493	5	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	493	6	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	493	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	493	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	493	9	first	first	ADJ
eltls-56623	493	10	address	address	NOUN
eltls-56623	493	11	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	493	12	folks	folk	NOUN
eltls-56623	493	13	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	493	14	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	493	15	crucial	crucial	ADJ
eltls-56623	493	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	494	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	494	2	constructs	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	494	3	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	494	4	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	494	5	insider	insider	NOUN
eltls-56623	494	6	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	494	7	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	494	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	494	9	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	494	10	sense	sense	NOUN
eltls-56623	494	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	494	12	intimate	intimate	ADJ
eltls-56623	494	13	community	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	494	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	495	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	495	2	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	495	3	no	no	ADV
eltls-56623	495	4	longer	long	ADV
eltls-56623	495	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	495	6	call	call	NOUN
eltls-56623	495	7	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	495	8	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	495	9	unfamiliar	unfamiliar	ADJ
eltls-56623	495	10	public	public	NOUN
eltls-56623	495	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	495	12	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	495	13	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-56623	495	14	mimics	mimic	VERB
eltls-56623	495	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	495	16	tone	tone	NOUN
eltls-56623	495	17	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	495	18	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	495	19	leader	leader	NOUN
eltls-56623	495	20	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	495	21	someone	someone	PRON
eltls-56623	495	22	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	495	23	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	495	24	community	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	495	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	495	26	instantly	instantly	ADV
eltls-56623	495	27	establishing	establish	VERB
eltls-56623	495	28	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	495	29	sense	sense	NOUN
eltls-56623	495	30	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	495	31	intimacy	intimacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	495	32	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	495	33	trust	trust	NOUN
eltls-56623	495	34	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-56623	495	35	if	if	SCONJ
eltls-56623	495	36	speaking	speak	VERB
eltls-56623	495	37	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	495	38	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	495	39	our	our	PRON
eltls-56623	495	40	own	own	ADJ
eltls-56623	495	41	people	people	NOUN
eltls-56623	495	42	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	495	43	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	495	44	presupposing	presuppose	VERB
eltls-56623	495	45	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	495	46	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	495	47	reader	reader	NOUN
eltls-56623	495	48	belongs	belong	VERB
eltls-56623	495	49	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	495	50	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	495	51	same	same	ADJ
eltls-56623	495	52	camp	camp	NOUN
eltls-56623	495	53	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	496	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	496	2	core	core	ADJ
eltls-56623	496	3	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	496	4	act	act	NOUN
eltls-56623	496	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	496	6	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	496	7	piece	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	496	8	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	496	9	redefinition	redefinition	NOUN
eltls-56623	496	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	496	11	assertion	assertion	NOUN
eltls-56623	496	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	497	2	first	first	ADV
eltls-56623	497	3	acknowledges	acknowledge	VERB
eltls-56623	497	4	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	497	5	surface	surface	NOUN
eltls-56623	497	6	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	497	7	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	8	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	9	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	497	10	’s	’	VERB
eltls-56623	497	11	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	497	12	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	497	13	18	18	NUM
eltls-56623	497	14	million	million	NUM
eltls-56623	497	15	voters	voter	NOUN
eltls-56623	497	16	did	do	VERB
eltls-56623	497	17	n’t	not	PART
eltls-56623	497	18	vote	vote	VERB
eltls-56623	497	19	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	20	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	22	then	then	ADV
eltls-56623	497	23	immediately	immediately	ADV
eltls-56623	497	24	offers	offer	VERB
eltls-56623	497	25	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	497	26	starkly	starkly	ADV
eltls-56623	497	27	different	different	ADJ
eltls-56623	497	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	29	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-56623	497	30	impactful	impactful	ADJ
eltls-56623	497	31	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	32	truth	truth	NOUN
eltls-56623	497	33	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	34	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	35	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	36	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	497	37	’s	’	VERB
eltls-56623	497	38	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	497	39	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	497	40	18	18	NUM
eltls-56623	497	41	million	million	NUM
eltls-56623	497	42	votes	vote	NOUN
eltls-56623	497	43	went	go	VERB
eltls-56623	497	44	missing	miss	VERB
eltls-56623	497	45	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	46	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	47	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	497	48	providing	provide	VERB
eltls-56623	497	49	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	497	50	subversive	subversive	ADJ
eltls-56623	497	51	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	497	52	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	497	53	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	498	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	498	2	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	498	3	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	498	4	a	a	PRON
eltls-56623	498	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	498	6	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	498	7	b	b	X
eltls-56623	498	8	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	498	9	phrasing	phrasing	NOUN
eltls-56623	498	10	has	have	VERB
eltls-56623	498	11	considerable	considerable	ADJ
eltls-56623	498	12	force	force	NOUN
eltls-56623	498	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	498	14	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	498	15	intent	intent	NOUN
eltls-56623	498	16	being	be	AUX
eltls-56623	498	17	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	498	18	utterly	utterly	ADV
eltls-56623	498	19	overturn	overturn	VERB
eltls-56623	498	20	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	498	21	audience	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	498	22	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	498	23	conventional	conventional	ADJ
eltls-56623	498	24	understanding	understanding	NOUN
eltls-56623	498	25	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	498	26	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	498	27	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	498	28	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	498	29	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	498	30	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	498	31	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	498	32	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	498	33	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	498	34	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	499	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	499	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	499	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	499	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	499	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	499	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	499	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	499	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	499	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	499	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	499	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	499	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	499	13	160	160	NUM
eltls-56623	499	14	events	event	NOUN
eltls-56623	499	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	499	16	replace	replace	VERB
eltls-56623	499	17	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	499	18	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	499	19	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	499	20	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	499	21	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	499	22	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-56623	499	23	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	499	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	500	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	500	2	assertion	assertion	NOUN
eltls-56623	500	3	that	that	SCONJ
eltls-56623	500	4	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	500	5	votes	vote	NOUN
eltls-56623	500	6	have	have	AUX
eltls-56623	500	7	gone	go	VERB
eltls-56623	500	8	missing	miss	VERB
eltls-56623	500	9	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	500	10	itself	itself	PRON
eltls-56623	500	11	constitutes	constitute	VERB
eltls-56623	500	12	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	500	13	potent	potent	ADJ
eltls-56623	500	14	call	call	NOUN
eltls-56623	500	15	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	500	16	action	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	500	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	501	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	501	2	no	no	ADV
eltls-56623	501	3	longer	long	ADV
eltls-56623	501	4	requires	require	VERB
eltls-56623	501	5	explicit	explicit	ADJ
eltls-56623	501	6	directives	directive	NOUN
eltls-56623	501	7	like	like	ADP
eltls-56623	501	8	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	501	9	go	go	VERB
eltls-56623	501	10	protest	protest	NOUN
eltls-56623	501	11	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	501	12	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	501	13	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	501	14	share	share	VERB
eltls-56623	501	15	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	501	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	501	17	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	501	18	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-56623	501	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	501	20	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	501	21	itself	itself	PRON
eltls-56623	501	22	directly	directly	ADV
eltls-56623	501	23	implies	imply	VERB
eltls-56623	501	24	systematic	systematic	ADJ
eltls-56623	501	25	electoral	electoral	ADJ
eltls-56623	501	26	theft	theft	NOUN
eltls-56623	501	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	502	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	502	2	provides	provide	VERB
eltls-56623	502	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	502	4	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	502	5	justification	justification	NOUN
eltls-56623	502	6	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	502	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	502	8	core	core	NOUN
eltls-56623	502	9	narrative	narrative	NOUN
eltls-56623	502	10	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	502	11	all	all	DET
eltls-56623	502	12	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
eltls-56623	502	13	questioning	questioning	NOUN
eltls-56623	502	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	502	15	anger	anger	NOUN
eltls-56623	502	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	502	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	502	18	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	502	19	online	online	ADJ
eltls-56623	502	20	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	502	21	offline	offline	ADJ
eltls-56623	502	22	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	502	23	action	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	502	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	503	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	503	2	implants	implant	VERB
eltls-56623	503	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	503	4	logic	logic	NOUN
eltls-56623	503	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	503	6	action	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	503	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	503	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	503	9	core	core	NOUN
eltls-56623	503	10	belief	belief	NOUN
eltls-56623	503	11	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	503	12	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	503	13	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	503	14	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	503	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	503	16	bait	bait	NOUN
eltls-56623	503	17	enticing	enticing	ADJ
eltls-56623	503	18	action	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	503	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	503	20	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	503	21	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	503	22	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	503	23	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	503	24	outpouring	outpouring	NOUN
eltls-56623	503	25	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	504	1	later	later	ADV
eltls-56623	504	2	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	504	3	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	504	4	have	have	AUX
eltls-56623	504	5	become	become	VERB
eltls-56623	504	6	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-56623	504	7	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
eltls-56623	504	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	504	9	abstracted	abstract	VERB
eltls-56623	504	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	504	11	aiming	aim	VERB
eltls-56623	504	12	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	504	13	implant	implant	VERB
eltls-56623	504	14	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	504	15	entirely	entirely	ADV
eltls-56623	504	16	new	new	ADJ
eltls-56623	504	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	504	18	robust	robust	ADJ
eltls-56623	504	19	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	504	20	model	model	NOUN
eltls-56623	504	21	rather	rather	ADV
eltls-56623	504	22	than	than	ADP
eltls-56623	504	23	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	504	24	provoking	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	504	25	fleeting	fleeting	ADJ
eltls-56623	504	26	emotion	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	504	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	505	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	505	2	no	no	ADV
eltls-56623	505	3	longer	long	ADV
eltls-56623	505	4	relies	rely	VERB
eltls-56623	505	5	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	505	6	easily	easily	ADV
eltls-56623	505	7	debunked	debunk	VERB
eltls-56623	505	8	specific	specific	ADJ
eltls-56623	505	9	images	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	505	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	505	11	instead	instead	ADV
eltls-56623	505	12	employing	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	505	13	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	505	14	abstract	abstract	ADJ
eltls-56623	505	15	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	505	16	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	505	17	18	18	NUM
eltls-56623	505	18	million	million	NUM
eltls-56623	505	19	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	505	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	505	21	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	505	22	unverifiable	unverifiable	ADJ
eltls-56623	505	23	accusation	accusation	NOUN
eltls-56623	505	24	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	505	25	missing	miss	VERB
eltls-56623	505	26	votes	vote	NOUN
eltls-56623	505	27	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	505	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	505	29	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-56623	505	30	increasing	increase	VERB
eltls-56623	505	31	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	505	32	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
eltls-56623	505	33	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	505	34	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	505	35	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	505	36	checking	checking	NOUN
eltls-56623	505	37	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	506	1	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	506	2	intimate	intimate	ADJ
eltls-56623	506	3	address	address	NOUN
eltls-56623	506	4	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	506	5	insider	insider	NOUN
eltls-56623	506	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	506	7	tone	tone	NOUN
eltls-56623	506	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	506	9	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	506	10	reinforces	reinforce	VERB
eltls-56623	506	11	internal	internal	ADJ
eltls-56623	506	12	group	group	NOUN
eltls-56623	506	13	identification	identification	NOUN
eltls-56623	506	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	506	15	external	external	ADJ
eltls-56623	506	16	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	506	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	507	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	507	2	post	post	NOUN
eltls-56623	507	3	itself	itself	PRON
eltls-56623	507	4	functions	function	NOUN
eltls-56623	507	5	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	507	6	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	507	7	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	507	8	password	password	NOUN
eltls-56623	507	9	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	507	10	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	507	11	those	those	PRON
eltls-56623	507	12	who	who	PRON
eltls-56623	507	13	comprehend	comprehend	VERB
eltls-56623	507	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	507	15	believe	believe	VERB
eltls-56623	507	16	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	507	17	are	be	AUX
eltls-56623	507	18	automatically	automatically	ADV
eltls-56623	507	19	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
eltls-56623	507	20	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	507	21	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	507	22	imagined	imagined	ADJ
eltls-56623	507	23	community	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	507	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	507	25	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	507	26	those	those	PRON
eltls-56623	507	27	who	who	PRON
eltls-56623	507	28	know	know	VERB
eltls-56623	507	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	507	30	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	507	31	primed	prime	VERB
eltls-56623	507	32	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	507	33	act	act	VERB
eltls-56623	507	34	upon	upon	SCONJ
eltls-56623	507	35	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	507	36	defend	defend	VERB
eltls-56623	507	37	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	507	38	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	507	39	truth	truth	NOUN
eltls-56623	507	40	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	507	41	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	508	1	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	508	2	essence	essence	NOUN
eltls-56623	508	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	508	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	508	5	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	508	6	strategy	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	508	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	508	8	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	508	9	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	508	10	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	508	11	evolved	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	508	12	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	508	13	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	508	14	we	we	PRON
eltls-56623	508	15	say	say	VERB
eltls-56623	508	16	what	what	PRON
eltls-56623	508	17	we	we	PRON
eltls-56623	508	18	believe	believe	VERB
eltls-56623	508	19	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	508	20	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	508	21	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	508	22	we	we	PRON
eltls-56623	508	23	design	design	VERB
eltls-56623	508	24	what	what	PRON
eltls-56623	508	25	you	you	PRON
eltls-56623	508	26	will	will	AUX
eltls-56623	508	27	spread	spread	VERB
eltls-56623	508	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	508	29	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	508	30	drawing	draw	VERB
eltls-56623	508	31	you	you	PRON
eltls-56623	508	32	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	508	33	our	our	PRON
eltls-56623	508	34	camp	camp	NOUN
eltls-56623	508	35	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	508	36	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	509	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	509	2	shift	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	509	3	substantially	substantially	ADV
eltls-56623	509	4	complicates	complicate	VERB
eltls-56623	509	5	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	509	6	governance	governance	NOUN
eltls-56623	509	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	509	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	509	9	correction	correction	NOUN
eltls-56623	509	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	509	11	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	509	12	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	509	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	509	14	as	as	SCONJ
eltls-56623	509	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	509	16	adversary	adversary	NOUN
eltls-56623	509	17	is	be	AUX
eltls-56623	509	18	no	no	ADV
eltls-56623	509	19	longer	long	ADV
eltls-56623	509	20	mere	mere	ADJ
eltls-56623	509	21	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN
eltls-56623	509	22	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	509	23	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	509	24	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	509	25	machine	machine	NOUN
eltls-56623	509	26	meticulously	meticulously	ADV
eltls-56623	509	27	engineered	engineer	VERB
eltls-56623	509	28	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	509	29	psychology	psychology	NOUN
eltls-56623	509	30	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	509	31	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	509	32	to	to	AUX
eltls-56623	509	33	trigger	trigger	VERB
eltls-56623	509	34	instinctive	instinctive	ADJ
eltls-56623	509	35	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	509	36	responses	response	NOUN
eltls-56623	509	37	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	510	1	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	510	2	evolution	evolution	NOUN
eltls-56623	510	3	makes	make	VERB
eltls-56623	510	4	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	510	5	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	510	6	no	no	ADV
eltls-56623	510	7	longer	long	ADV
eltls-56623	510	8	mere	mere	ADJ
eltls-56623	510	9	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	510	10	lies	lie	NOUN
eltls-56623	510	11	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	510	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	510	13	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	510	14	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	510	15	self	self	NOUN
eltls-56623	510	16	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	510	17	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
eltls-56623	510	18	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	510	19	weapon	weapon	NOUN
eltls-56623	510	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	511	1	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	511	2	meticulous	meticulous	ADJ
eltls-56623	511	3	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	511	4	design	design	NOUN
eltls-56623	511	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	511	6	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	511	7	successfully	successfully	ADV
eltls-56623	511	8	transforms	transform	VERB
eltls-56623	511	9	audiences	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	511	10	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	511	11	unwavering	unwavering	ADJ
eltls-56623	511	12	defenders	defender	NOUN
eltls-56623	511	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	511	14	propagators	propagator	NOUN
eltls-56623	511	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	511	16	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	511	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	511	18	thereby	thereby	ADV
eltls-56623	511	19	constructing	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	511	20	fortified	fortified	ADJ
eltls-56623	511	21	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	511	22	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	511	23	cocoons	cocoon	NOUN
eltls-56623	511	24	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	511	25	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	511	26	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	511	27	belief	belief	NOUN
eltls-56623	511	28	communities	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	511	29	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	511	30	at	at	ADP
eltls-56623	511	31	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	511	32	deeper	deep	ADJ
eltls-56623	511	33	levels	level	NOUN
eltls-56623	511	34	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	511	35	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	511	36	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	511	37	stroud	stroud	ADJ
eltls-56623	511	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	511	39	2019	2019	NUM
eltls-56623	511	40	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	511	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	512	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	512	2	represents	represent	VERB
eltls-56623	512	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	512	4	most	most	ADV
eltls-56623	512	5	formidable	formidable	ADJ
eltls-56623	512	6	challenge	challenge	NOUN
eltls-56623	512	7	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	512	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	512	9	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
eltls-56623	512	10	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	512	11	flow	flow	NOUN
eltls-56623	512	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	513	1	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	513	2	hijacking	hijack	VERB
eltls-56623	513	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	513	4	guise	guise	NOUN
eltls-56623	513	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	513	6	rational	rational	ADJ
eltls-56623	513	7	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	513	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	513	9	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	513	10	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	513	11	no	no	ADV
eltls-56623	513	12	longer	long	ADV
eltls-56623	513	13	seeks	seek	VERB
eltls-56623	513	14	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	513	15	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	513	16	provoke	provoke	VERB
eltls-56623	513	17	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	513	18	into	into	ADP
eltls-56623	513	19	sharing	share	VERB
eltls-56623	513	20	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	513	21	out	out	ADP
eltls-56623	513	22	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	513	23	anger	anger	NOUN
eltls-56623	513	24	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	513	25	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	513	26	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	513	27	strives	strive	VERB
eltls-56623	513	28	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	513	29	make	make	VERB
eltls-56623	513	30	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	513	31	share	share	VERB
eltls-56623	513	32	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	513	33	because	because	SCONJ
eltls-56623	513	34	they	they	PRON
eltls-56623	513	35	feel	feel	VERB
eltls-56623	513	36	smarter	smart	ADJ
eltls-56623	513	37	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	513	38	more	more	ADJ
eltls-56623	513	39	discerning	discerning	NOUN
eltls-56623	513	40	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	513	41	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	514	1	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	514	2	within	within	ADP
eltls-56623	514	3	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	514	4	echo	echo	NOUN
eltls-56623	514	5	chambers	chamber	NOUN
eltls-56623	514	6	develop	develop	VERB
eltls-56623	514	7	heightened	heighten	VERB
eltls-56623	514	8	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	514	9	recognition	recognition	NOUN
eltls-56623	514	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	514	11	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	514	12	superiority	superiority	NOUN
eltls-56623	514	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	514	14	driving	drive	VERB
eltls-56623	514	15	them	they	PRON
eltls-56623	514	16	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	514	17	more	more	ADV
eltls-56623	514	18	actively	actively	ADV
eltls-56623	514	19	defend	defend	VERB
eltls-56623	514	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	514	21	disseminate	disseminate	VERB
eltls-56623	514	22	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	514	23	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	514	24	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	515	1	this	this	PRON
eltls-56623	515	2	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-56623	515	3	complicates	complicate	VERB
eltls-56623	515	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	515	5	governance	governance	NOUN
eltls-56623	515	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	515	7	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	515	8	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	515	9	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
eltls-56623	515	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	516	1	5	5	X
eltls-56623	516	2	.	.	X
eltls-56623	516	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	516	4	this	this	DET
eltls-56623	516	5	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	516	6	grounded	ground	VERB
eltls-56623	516	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	516	8	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	516	9	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	516	10	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	516	11	three	three	NUM
eltls-56623	516	12	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	516	13	dimension	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	516	14	framework	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	516	15	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	516	16	syntax	syntax	NOUN
eltls-56623	516	17	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	516	18	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	516	19	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	516	20	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	516	21	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	516	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	516	23	systematically	systematically	ADV
eltls-56623	516	24	analysed	analyse	VERB
eltls-56623	516	25	114	114	NUM
eltls-56623	516	26	pieces	piece	NOUN
eltls-56623	516	27	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	516	28	current	current	ADJ
eltls-56623	516	29	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	516	30	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	516	31	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	516	32	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	516	33	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	516	34	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	516	35	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	516	36	platforms	platform	NOUN
eltls-56623	516	37	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	516	38	x	x	X
eltls-56623	516	39	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	516	40	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	516	41	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	516	42	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	516	43	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	516	44	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	517	1	it	it	PRON
eltls-56623	517	2	examined	examine	VERB
eltls-56623	517	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	517	4	evolution	evolution	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	517	6	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	517	7	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	517	8	generation	generation	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	9	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	517	11	meaning	meaning	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	12	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	517	13	construction	construction	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	14	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	517	16	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	517	17	communicative	communicative	ADJ
eltls-56623	517	18	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	517	20	yielding	yield	VERB
eltls-56623	517	21	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	517	22	following	follow	VERB
eltls-56623	517	23	findings	finding	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	24	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	517	25	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	517	26	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	27	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	517	28	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-56623	517	29	features	feature	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	30	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-56623	517	31	adapted	adapt	VERB
eltls-56623	517	32	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	517	33	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	517	34	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	35	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	36	habits	habit	NOUN
eltls-56623	517	37	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	518	1	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	518	2	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
eltls-56623	518	3	structural	structural	ADJ
eltls-56623	518	4	patterns	pattern	NOUN
eltls-56623	518	5	emerge	emerge	VERB
eltls-56623	518	6	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	518	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	518	8	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	518	9	emergency	emergency	NOUN
eltls-56623	518	10	symbol	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	518	11	initiated	initiate	VERB
eltls-56623	518	12	structures	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	518	13	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	518	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	518	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	518	16	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	518	17	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	518	18	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	518	19	structure	structure	NOUN
eltls-56623	518	20	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	518	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	519	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	519	2	former	former	ADJ
eltls-56623	519	3	employs	employ	VERB
eltls-56623	519	4	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	519	5	like	like	ADP
eltls-56623	519	6	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	519	7	breaking	break	VERB
eltls-56623	519	8	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	519	9	or	or	CCONJ
eltls-56623	519	10	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	519	11	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	519	12	create	create	VERB
eltls-56623	519	13	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	519	14	sense	sense	NOUN
eltls-56623	519	15	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	519	16	urgency	urgency	NOUN
eltls-56623	519	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	519	18	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	519	19	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	519	20	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	519	21	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	519	22	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	519	23	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	519	24	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	519	25	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	519	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	520	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	520	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	520	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	520	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	520	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	520	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	520	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	520	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	520	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	520	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	520	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	520	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	520	13	161	161	NUM
eltls-56623	520	14	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	520	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	520	16	latter	latter	NOUN
eltls-56623	520	17	uses	use	VERB
eltls-56623	520	18	line	line	NOUN
eltls-56623	520	19	breaks	break	NOUN
eltls-56623	520	20	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	520	21	single	single	ADJ
eltls-56623	520	22	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	520	23	sentence	sentence	NOUN
eltls-56623	520	24	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN
eltls-56623	520	25	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	520	26	lower	low	ADJ
eltls-56623	520	27	reading	reading	NOUN
eltls-56623	520	28	barriers	barrier	NOUN
eltls-56623	520	29	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	520	30	enhance	enhance	VERB
eltls-56623	520	31	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	520	32	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
eltls-56623	520	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	521	1	over	over	ADP
eltls-56623	521	2	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	521	4	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	5	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
eltls-56623	521	6	polarisation	polarisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	521	8	foundational	foundational	ADJ
eltls-56623	521	9	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	521	11	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
eltls-56623	521	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	521	13	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	521	14	stops	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	15	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	521	16	decline	decline	VERB
eltls-56623	521	17	while	while	SCONJ
eltls-56623	521	18	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	521	19	symbols	symbol	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	20	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	521	21	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
eltls-56623	521	22	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	521	23	question	question	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	521	25	exclamation	exclamation	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	26	combinations	combination	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	27	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	521	28	surge	surge	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	29	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	521	30	reflecting	reflect	VERB
eltls-56623	521	31	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	521	32	shift	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	33	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	521	34	logical	logical	ADJ
eltls-56623	521	35	narrative	narrative	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	36	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	521	37	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	521	38	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	521	39	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	522	1	emoji	emoji	PROPN
eltls-56623	522	2	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-56623	522	3	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	522	4	placement	placement	NOUN
eltls-56623	522	5	also	also	ADV
eltls-56623	522	6	shift	shift	VERB
eltls-56623	522	7	markedly	markedly	ADV
eltls-56623	522	8	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	522	9	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	522	10	concluding	conclude	VERB
eltls-56623	522	11	summaries	summary	NOUN
eltls-56623	522	12	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	522	13	introductory	introductory	ADJ
eltls-56623	522	14	tone	tone	NOUN
eltls-56623	522	15	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	522	16	evolving	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	522	17	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	522	18	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	522	19	annotation	annotation	NOUN
eltls-56623	522	20	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	522	21	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	522	22	hijacking	hijacking	NOUN
eltls-56623	522	23	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	523	1	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	523	2	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	523	3	constructs	construct	NOUN
eltls-56623	523	4	meaning	mean	VERB
eltls-56623	523	5	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	523	6	two	two	NUM
eltls-56623	523	7	primary	primary	ADJ
eltls-56623	523	8	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	523	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	523	10	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	523	11	fabricated	fabricate	VERB
eltls-56623	523	12	credibility	credibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	523	13	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	523	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	523	15	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	523	16	violent	violent	ADJ
eltls-56623	523	17	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	523	18	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	523	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	524	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	524	2	former	former	ADJ
eltls-56623	524	3	relies	rely	VERB
eltls-56623	524	4	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	524	5	forged	forge	VERB
eltls-56623	524	6	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	524	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	524	8	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN
eltls-56623	524	9	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	524	10	academic	academic	ADJ
eltls-56623	524	11	citations	citation	NOUN
eltls-56623	524	12	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	524	13	enhance	enhance	VERB
eltls-56623	524	14	plausibility	plausibility	NOUN
eltls-56623	524	15	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	524	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	524	17	latter	latter	ADJ
eltls-56623	524	18	activates	activate	VERB
eltls-56623	524	19	instinctive	instinctive	ADJ
eltls-56623	524	20	audience	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	524	21	fears	fear	NOUN
eltls-56623	524	22	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	524	23	militarising	militarising	NOUN
eltls-56623	524	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	524	25	crisisificating	crisisificate	VERB
eltls-56623	524	26	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	524	27	issues	issue	NOUN
eltls-56623	524	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	525	1	over	over	ADP
eltls-56623	525	2	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	525	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	525	4	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	525	5	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	525	6	grow	grow	VERB
eltls-56623	525	7	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
eltls-56623	525	8	complex	complex	ADJ
eltls-56623	525	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	525	10	shifting	shift	VERB
eltls-56623	525	11	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	525	12	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ
eltls-56623	525	13	satire	satire	NOUN
eltls-56623	525	14	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	525	15	coexisting	coexist	VERB
eltls-56623	525	16	irony	irony	NOUN
eltls-56623	525	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	525	18	feigned	feign	VERB
eltls-56623	525	19	impartiality	impartiality	NOUN
eltls-56623	525	20	innuendo	innuendo	NOUN
eltls-56623	525	21	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	526	1	defensive	defensive	ADJ
eltls-56623	526	2	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	526	3	forwarding	forward	VERB
eltls-56623	526	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	526	5	evolve	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	526	6	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	526	7	external	external	ADJ
eltls-56623	526	8	scepticism	scepticism	NOUN
eltls-56623	526	9	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	526	10	internally	internally	ADV
eltls-56623	526	11	coherent	coherent	ADJ
eltls-56623	526	12	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	526	13	frameworks	framework	NOUN
eltls-56623	526	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	526	15	developing	develop	VERB
eltls-56623	526	16	greater	great	ADJ
eltls-56623	526	17	resistance	resistance	NOUN
eltls-56623	526	18	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	526	19	debunking	debunking	NOUN
eltls-56623	526	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	527	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	527	2	core	core	NOUN
eltls-56623	527	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	527	4	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	527	5	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	527	6	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	527	7	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	527	8	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	527	9	lies	lie	VERB
eltls-56623	527	10	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	527	11	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	527	12	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	527	13	denigration	denigration	NOUN
eltls-56623	527	14	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	527	15	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	527	16	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	527	17	motivate	motivate	ADJ
eltls-56623	527	18	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	527	19	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	527	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	528	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	528	2	former	former	ADJ
eltls-56623	528	3	undermines	undermine	VERB
eltls-56623	528	4	targets	target	NOUN
eltls-56623	528	5	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	528	6	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	528	7	image	image	NOUN
eltls-56623	528	8	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	528	9	moral	moral	ADJ
eltls-56623	528	10	accusations	accusation	NOUN
eltls-56623	528	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	528	12	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	528	13	attacks	attack	NOUN
eltls-56623	528	14	;	;	PUNCT
eltls-56623	528	15	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	528	16	latter	latter	NOUN
eltls-56623	528	17	motivates	motivate	VERB
eltls-56623	528	18	users	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	528	19	to	to	PART
eltls-56623	528	20	like	like	VERB
eltls-56623	528	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	528	22	comment	comment	NOUN
eltls-56623	528	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	528	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	528	25	share	share	VERB
eltls-56623	528	26	through	through	ADP
eltls-56623	528	27	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	528	28	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	528	29	driven	drive	VERB
eltls-56623	528	30	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	528	31	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	528	32	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
eltls-56623	528	33	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	528	34	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	528	35	calls	call	VERB
eltls-56623	528	36	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	528	37	action	action	NOUN
eltls-56623	528	38	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	528	39	achieving	achieve	VERB
eltls-56623	528	40	viral	viral	ADJ
eltls-56623	528	41	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	528	42	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	529	1	these	these	DET
eltls-56623	529	2	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	529	3	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	529	4	have	have	AUX
eltls-56623	529	5	significantly	significantly	ADV
eltls-56623	529	6	evolved	evolve	VERB
eltls-56623	529	7	over	over	ADP
eltls-56623	529	8	time	time	NOUN
eltls-56623	529	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	529	10	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	529	11	initial	initial	ADJ
eltls-56623	529	12	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	529	13	induction	induction	NOUN
eltls-56623	529	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	529	15	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	529	16	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN
eltls-56623	529	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	529	18	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	529	19	mid	mid	ADJ
eltls-56623	529	20	-	-	ADJ
eltls-56623	529	21	stage	stage	ADJ
eltls-56623	529	22	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	529	23	bombardment	bombardment	NOUN
eltls-56623	529	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	529	25	culminating	culminate	VERB
eltls-56623	529	26	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	529	27	late	late	ADJ
eltls-56623	529	28	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	529	29	stage	stage	NOUN
eltls-56623	529	30	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
eltls-56623	529	31	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	529	32	construction	construction	NOUN
eltls-56623	529	33	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	529	34	mobilisation	mobilisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	529	35	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	529	36	belief	belief	NOUN
eltls-56623	529	37	communities	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	529	38	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	530	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	530	2	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	530	3	goal	goal	NOUN
eltls-56623	530	4	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	530	5	escalated	escalate	VERB
eltls-56623	530	6	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	530	7	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	530	8	triggering	trigger	VERB
eltls-56623	530	9	emotion	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	530	10	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	530	11	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	530	12	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	530	13	constructing	construct	VERB
eltls-56623	530	14	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	530	15	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	530	16	community	community	NOUN
eltls-56623	530	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	530	18	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	531	1	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	531	2	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	531	3	constitutes	constitute	VERB
eltls-56623	531	4	not	not	PART
eltls-56623	531	5	merely	merely	ADV
eltls-56623	531	6	distorted	distort	VERB
eltls-56623	531	7	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	531	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	531	9	but	but	CCONJ
eltls-56623	531	10	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	531	11	highly	highly	ADV
eltls-56623	531	12	evolved	evolved	ADJ
eltls-56623	531	13	system	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	531	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	531	15	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	531	16	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	531	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	532	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	532	2	podzimek	podzimek	NOUN
eltls-56623	532	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	532	4	2018	2018	NUM
eltls-56623	532	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	532	6	its	its	PRON
eltls-56623	532	7	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
eltls-56623	532	8	evolution	evolution	NOUN
eltls-56623	532	9	across	across	ADP
eltls-56623	532	10	syntax	syntax	NOUN
eltls-56623	532	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	532	12	semantic	semantic	ADJ
eltls-56623	532	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	532	14	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	532	15	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	532	16	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
eltls-56623	532	17	reflects	reflect	VERB
eltls-56623	532	18	how	how	SCONJ
eltls-56623	532	19	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	532	20	production	production	NOUN
eltls-56623	532	21	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	532	22	entered	enter	VERB
eltls-56623	532	23	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	532	24	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
eltls-56623	532	25	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
eltls-56623	532	26	phase	phase	NOUN
eltls-56623	532	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	533	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	533	2	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
eltls-56623	533	3	covert	covert	ADJ
eltls-56623	533	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	533	5	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	533	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	533	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	533	8	systematic	systematic	ADJ
eltls-56623	533	9	trajectory	trajectory	NOUN
eltls-56623	533	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	533	11	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	533	12	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	533	13	necessitates	necessitate	VERB
eltls-56623	533	14	multidimensional	multidimensional	ADJ
eltls-56623	533	15	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
eltls-56623	533	16	resolution	resolution	NOUN
eltls-56623	533	17	encompassing	encompass	VERB
eltls-56623	533	18	platform	platform	NOUN
eltls-56623	533	19	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	533	20	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	533	21	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	533	22	checking	checking	NOUN
eltls-56623	533	23	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	533	24	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	533	25	public	public	ADJ
eltls-56623	533	26	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	533	27	literacy	literacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	533	28	education	education	NOUN
eltls-56623	533	29	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	534	1	references	reference	NOUN
eltls-56623	534	2	albritton	albritton	PROPN
eltls-56623	534	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	534	4	a.	a.	NOUN
eltls-56623	534	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	534	6	2017	2017	NUM
eltls-56623	534	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	534	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	535	1	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	535	2	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	535	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	535	4	ether	ether	NOUN
eltls-56623	535	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	535	6	strategies	strategy	NOUN
eltls-56623	535	7	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	535	8	effective	effective	ADJ
eltls-56623	535	9	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	535	10	expression	expression	NOUN
eltls-56623	535	11	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	535	12	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	535	13	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	535	14	messages	message	NOUN
eltls-56623	535	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	536	1	online	online	ADJ
eltls-56623	536	2	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-56623	536	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	536	4	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	536	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	536	6	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	536	7	technologies	technology	NOUN
eltls-56623	536	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	536	9	7(2	7(2	NUM
eltls-56623	536	10	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	536	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	536	12	50	50	NUM
eltls-56623	536	13	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	536	14	58	58	NUM
eltls-56623	536	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	537	1	alghamdi	alghamdi	PROPN
eltls-56623	537	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	537	3	r.	r.	PROPN
eltls-56623	537	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	537	5	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	537	6	aljabr	aljabr	PROPN
eltls-56623	537	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	537	8	n.	n.	NOUN
eltls-56623	537	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	537	10	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	537	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	537	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	538	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	538	2	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	538	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	538	4	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
eltls-56623	538	5	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	538	6	employees	employee	NOUN
eltls-56623	538	7	’	’	PART
eltls-56623	538	8	attention	attention	NOUN
eltls-56623	538	9	span	span	NOUN
eltls-56623	538	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	539	1	international	international	ADJ
eltls-56623	539	2	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-56623	539	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	539	4	professional	professional	PROPN
eltls-56623	539	5	business	business	PROPN
eltls-56623	539	6	review	review	PROPN
eltls-56623	539	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	539	8	int	int	NOUN
eltls-56623	539	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	540	1	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-56623	540	2	prof	prof	PROPN
eltls-56623	540	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	541	1	bus	bus	PROPN
eltls-56623	541	2	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	542	1	rev	rev	PROPN
eltls-56623	542	2	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	542	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	542	4	9(11	9(11	NUM
eltls-56623	542	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	542	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	542	7	31	31	NUM
eltls-56623	542	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	542	9	ali	ali	PROPN
eltls-56623	542	10	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	542	11	chand	chand	PROPN
eltls-56623	542	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	542	13	z.	z.	PROPN
eltls-56623	542	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	542	15	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	542	16	naidu	naidu	PROPN
eltls-56623	542	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	542	18	r.	r.	PROPN
eltls-56623	542	19	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	542	20	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	542	21	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	542	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	543	1	exploring	explore	VERB
eltls-56623	543	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	543	3	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	543	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	543	5	emojis	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	543	6	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	543	7	paralanguage	paralanguage	NOUN
eltls-56623	543	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	543	9	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	543	10	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	543	11	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	543	12	among	among	ADP
eltls-56623	543	13	university	university	NOUN
eltls-56623	543	14	students	student	NOUN
eltls-56623	543	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	544	1	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	544	2	language	language	PROPN
eltls-56623	544	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	544	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	544	5	17(9	17(9	NOUN
eltls-56623	544	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	544	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	544	8	84	84	NUM
eltls-56623	544	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	545	1	allcott	allcott	PROPN
eltls-56623	545	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	545	3	h.	h.	PROPN
eltls-56623	545	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	545	5	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	545	6	gentzkow	gentzkow	PROPN
eltls-56623	545	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	545	8	m.	m.	NOUN
eltls-56623	545	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	545	10	2019	2019	NUM
eltls-56623	545	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	545	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	546	1	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	546	2	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	546	3	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	546	4	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	546	5	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	546	6	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	546	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	546	8	2016	2016	NUM
eltls-56623	546	9	election	election	NOUN
eltls-56623	546	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	547	1	journal	journal	NOUN
eltls-56623	547	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	547	3	economic	economic	ADJ
eltls-56623	547	4	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	547	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	547	6	31(2	31(2	NUM
eltls-56623	547	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	547	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	547	9	211	211	NUM
eltls-56623	547	10	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	547	11	236	236	NUM
eltls-56623	547	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	548	1	bakir	bakir	PROPN
eltls-56623	548	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	548	3	v.	v.	PROPN
eltls-56623	548	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	548	5	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	548	6	mcstay	mcstay	NOUN
eltls-56623	548	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	548	8	a.	a.	NOUN
eltls-56623	548	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	548	10	2018	2018	NUM
eltls-56623	548	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	548	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	549	1	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	549	2	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	549	3	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	549	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	549	5	economy	economy	NOUN
eltls-56623	549	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	549	7	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	549	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	549	9	problems	problem	NOUN
eltls-56623	549	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	549	11	causes	cause	NOUN
eltls-56623	549	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	549	13	solutions	solution	NOUN
eltls-56623	549	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	550	1	digital	digital	ADJ
eltls-56623	550	2	journalism	journalism	NOUN
eltls-56623	550	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	550	4	6(2	6(2	NUM
eltls-56623	550	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	550	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	550	7	154	154	NUM
eltls-56623	550	8	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	550	9	175	175	NUM
eltls-56623	550	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	551	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	551	2	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	551	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	551	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	551	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	551	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	551	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	551	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	551	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	552	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	552	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	552	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	552	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	552	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	552	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	552	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	552	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	552	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	552	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	552	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	552	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	552	13	162	162	NUM
eltls-56623	552	14	barton	barton	PROPN
eltls-56623	552	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	552	16	b.	b.	PROPN
eltls-56623	552	17	f.	f.	PROPN
eltls-56623	552	18	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	552	19	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	552	20	barton	barton	PROPN
eltls-56623	552	21	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	552	22	m.	m.	NOUN
eltls-56623	552	23	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	552	24	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	552	25	1987	1987	NUM
eltls-56623	552	26	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	552	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	553	1	simplicity	simplicity	NOUN
eltls-56623	553	2	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	553	3	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	553	4	representation	representation	NOUN
eltls-56623	553	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	553	6	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	553	7	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	553	8	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-56623	553	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	554	1	iowa	iowa	PROPN
eltls-56623	554	2	state	state	PROPN
eltls-56623	554	3	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-56623	554	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	554	5	business	business	NOUN
eltls-56623	554	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	554	7	technical	technical	ADJ
eltls-56623	554	8	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	554	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	554	10	1(1	1(1	NUM
eltls-56623	554	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	554	12	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	554	13	9	9	NUM
eltls-56623	554	14	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	554	15	26	26	NUM
eltls-56623	554	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	555	1	bogdanović	bogdanović	NOUN
eltls-56623	555	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	555	3	m.	m.	NOUN
eltls-56623	555	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	555	5	2020	2020	NUM
eltls-56623	555	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	555	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	556	1	philosophical	philosophical	ADJ
eltls-56623	556	2	implications	implication	NOUN
eltls-56623	556	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	556	4	morris’semiotic	morris’semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	556	5	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-56623	556	6	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	557	1	filozofija	filozofija	NOUN
eltls-56623	557	2	i	i	PRON
eltls-56623	557	3	društvo	društvo	NOUN
eltls-56623	557	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	557	5	31(1	31(1	NUM
eltls-56623	557	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	557	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	557	8	108	108	NUM
eltls-56623	557	9	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	557	10	125	125	NUM
eltls-56623	557	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	558	1	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
eltls-56623	558	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	558	3	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	558	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	558	5	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	558	6	howard	howard	PROPN
eltls-56623	558	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	558	8	p.	p.	PROPN
eltls-56623	558	9	n.	n.	PROPN
eltls-56623	558	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	558	11	2019	2019	NUM
eltls-56623	558	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	558	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	559	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	559	2	global	global	ADJ
eltls-56623	559	3	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	559	4	order	order	NOUN
eltls-56623	559	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	559	6	2019	2019	NUM
eltls-56623	559	7	global	global	ADJ
eltls-56623	559	8	inventory	inventory	NOUN
eltls-56623	559	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	559	10	organised	organise	VERB
eltls-56623	559	11	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	559	12	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	559	13	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
eltls-56623	559	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	560	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
eltls-56623	560	2	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	560	3	university	university	NOUN
eltls-56623	560	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	560	5	oxford	oxford	PROPN
eltls-56623	560	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	560	7	2019	2019	NUM
eltls-56623	560	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	561	1	conti	conti	PROPN
eltls-56623	561	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	561	3	l.	l.	PROPN
eltls-56623	561	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	561	5	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	561	6	lenehan	lenehan	PROPN
eltls-56623	561	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	561	8	f.	f.	PROPN
eltls-56623	561	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	561	10	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	561	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	561	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	562	1	lifewide	lifewide	ADP
eltls-56623	562	2	learning	learn	VERB
eltls-56623	562	3	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	562	4	postdigital	postdigital	ADJ
eltls-56623	562	5	societies	society	NOUN
eltls-56623	562	6	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	562	7	shedding	shed	VERB
eltls-56623	562	8	light	light	NOUN
eltls-56623	562	9	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	562	10	emerging	emerge	VERB
eltls-56623	562	11	culturalities	culturalitie	NOUN
eltls-56623	562	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	563	1	transcript	transcript	NOUN
eltls-56623	563	2	verlag	verlag	PROPN
eltls-56623	563	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	564	1	dohle	dohle	PROPN
eltls-56623	564	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	564	3	m.	m.	NOUN
eltls-56623	564	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	564	5	kelm	kelm	PROPN
eltls-56623	564	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	564	7	o.	o.	NOUN
eltls-56623	564	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	564	9	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	564	10	ryba	ryba	PROPN
eltls-56623	564	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	564	12	n.	n.	NOUN
eltls-56623	564	13	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	564	14	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	564	15	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	564	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	565	1	believing	believe	VERB
eltls-56623	565	2	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	565	3	disseminating	disseminate	VERB
eltls-56623	565	4	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	565	5	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	565	6	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	565	7	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	565	8	limited	limited	ADJ
eltls-56623	565	9	effects	effect	NOUN
eltls-56623	565	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	565	11	warning	warning	NOUN
eltls-56623	565	12	labels	label	NOUN
eltls-56623	565	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	565	14	personal	personal	ADJ
eltls-56623	565	15	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
eltls-56623	565	16	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	565	17	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	565	18	partisans	partisan	NOUN
eltls-56623	565	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	566	1	communications	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	566	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	566	3	2025(0	2025(0	NUM
eltls-56623	566	4	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	566	5	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	567	1	dufour	dufour	PROPN
eltls-56623	567	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	567	3	n.	n.	PROPN
eltls-56623	567	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	567	5	pathak	pathak	PROPN
eltls-56623	567	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	567	7	a.	a.	PROPN
eltls-56623	567	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	567	9	samangouei	samangouei	PROPN
eltls-56623	567	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	567	11	p.	p.	NOUN
eltls-56623	567	12	et	et	NOUN
eltls-56623	568	1	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	568	2	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	568	3	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	568	4	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	568	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	568	6	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	569	1	ammeba	ammeba	PROPN
eltls-56623	569	2	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	569	3	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	569	4	large	large	ADJ
eltls-56623	569	5	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	569	6	scale	scale	NOUN
eltls-56623	569	7	survey	survey	NOUN
eltls-56623	569	8	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	569	9	dataset	dataset	NOUN
eltls-56623	569	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	569	11	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	569	12	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	569	13	based	base	VERB
eltls-56623	569	14	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	569	15	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	569	16	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	569	17	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	569	18	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	569	19	wild	wild	NOUN
eltls-56623	569	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	570	1	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
eltls-56623	570	2	preprint	preprint	PROPN
eltls-56623	570	3	arxiv:2405.11697	arxiv:2405.11697	ADV
eltls-56623	570	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	570	5	1(8	1(8	NUM
eltls-56623	570	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	570	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	571	1	fan	fan	PROPN
eltls-56623	571	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	571	3	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-56623	571	4	p.	p.	PROPN
eltls-56623	571	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	571	6	2006	2006	NUM
eltls-56623	571	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	571	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	572	1	charles	charles	PROPN
eltls-56623	572	2	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	572	3	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	572	4	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	572	5	model	model	NOUN
eltls-56623	572	6	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	572	7	analytical	analytical	ADJ
eltls-56623	572	8	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	572	9	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	572	10	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	572	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	572	12	verbal	verbal	ADJ
eltls-56623	572	13	representations	representation	NOUN
eltls-56623	572	14	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	572	15	technical	technical	ADJ
eltls-56623	572	16	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	572	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	573	1	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-56623	573	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	573	3	technical	technical	ADJ
eltls-56623	573	4	writing	writing	NOUN
eltls-56623	573	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	573	6	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	573	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	573	8	36(2	36(2	NUM
eltls-56623	573	9	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	573	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	573	11	121	121	NUM
eltls-56623	573	12	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	573	13	139	139	NUM
eltls-56623	573	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	574	1	fauville	fauville	PROPN
eltls-56623	574	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	574	3	g.	g.	PROPN
eltls-56623	574	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	574	5	luo	luo	PROPN
eltls-56623	574	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	574	7	m.	m.	NOUN
eltls-56623	574	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	574	9	queiroz	queiroz	ADV
eltls-56623	574	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	574	11	a.	a.	PROPN
eltls-56623	574	12	c.	c.	PROPN
eltls-56623	574	13	m.	m.	PROPN
eltls-56623	574	14	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	574	15	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	574	16	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	574	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	574	18	2021	2021	NUM
eltls-56623	574	19	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	574	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	575	1	zoom	zoom	VERB
eltls-56623	575	2	exhaustion	exhaustion	NOUN
eltls-56623	575	3	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	575	4	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
eltls-56623	575	5	scale	scale	NOUN
eltls-56623	575	6	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	576	1	computers	computer	NOUN
eltls-56623	576	2	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	576	3	human	human	ADJ
eltls-56623	576	4	behavior	behavior	NOUN
eltls-56623	576	5	reports	report	NOUN
eltls-56623	576	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	576	7	4	4	NUM
eltls-56623	576	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	576	9	100119	100119	NUM
eltls-56623	576	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	577	1	ghazi	ghazi	PROPN
eltls-56623	577	2	d.	d.	PROPN
eltls-56623	577	3	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	577	4	2016	2016	NUM
eltls-56623	577	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	577	6	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	578	1	identifying	identify	VERB
eltls-56623	578	2	expressions	expression	NOUN
eltls-56623	578	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	578	4	emotions	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	578	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	578	6	their	their	PRON
eltls-56623	578	7	stimuli	stimulus	NOUN
eltls-56623	578	8	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	578	9	text	text	NOUN
eltls-56623	578	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	579	1	université	université	PROPN
eltls-56623	579	2	d'ottawa	d'ottawa	PROPN
eltls-56623	579	3	/	/	SYM
eltls-56623	579	4	university	university	PROPN
eltls-56623	579	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	579	6	ottawa	ottawa	PROPN
eltls-56623	579	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	580	1	green	green	PROPN
eltls-56623	580	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	580	3	b.	b.	PROPN
eltls-56623	580	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	580	5	2021	2021	NUM
eltls-56623	580	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	580	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	581	1	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	581	2	digital	digital	ADJ
eltls-56623	581	3	nationalism	nationalism	NOUN
eltls-56623	581	4	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	581	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	581	6	habermasian	habermasian	ADJ
eltls-56623	581	7	critical	critical	ADJ
eltls-56623	581	8	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	581	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	581	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	581	11	trump	trump	NOUN
eltls-56623	581	12	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	581	13	‘	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	581	14	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	581	15	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	581	16	’	'	PUNCT
eltls-56623	581	17	approach	approach	NOUN
eltls-56623	581	18	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	581	19	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	581	20	first	first	ADJ
eltls-56623	581	21	amendment	amendment	NOUN
eltls-56623	581	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	582	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	582	2	epistemology	epistemology	NOUN
eltls-56623	582	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	582	4	deceit	deceit	NOUN
eltls-56623	582	5	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	582	6	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	582	7	postdigital	postdigital	ADJ
eltls-56623	582	8	era	era	NOUN
eltls-56623	582	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	582	10	dupery	dupery	NOUN
eltls-56623	582	11	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	582	12	design	design	NOUN
eltls-56623	582	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	582	14	95	95	NUM
eltls-56623	582	15	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	582	16	117	117	NUM
eltls-56623	582	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	583	1	guess	guess	NOUN
eltls-56623	583	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	583	3	a.	a.	NOUN
eltls-56623	583	4	m.	m.	NOUN
eltls-56623	583	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	583	6	lerner	lerner	PROPN
eltls-56623	583	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	583	8	m.	m.	NOUN
eltls-56623	583	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	583	10	lyons	lyons	PROPN
eltls-56623	583	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	583	12	b.	b.	PROPN
eltls-56623	583	13	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	583	14	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	583	15	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	584	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	584	2	2020	2020	NUM
eltls-56623	584	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	584	4	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	585	1	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	585	2	digital	digital	ADJ
eltls-56623	585	3	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	585	4	literacy	literacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	585	5	intervention	intervention	NOUN
eltls-56623	585	6	increases	increase	VERB
eltls-56623	585	7	discernment	discernment	NOUN
eltls-56623	585	8	between	between	ADP
eltls-56623	585	9	mainstream	mainstream	NOUN
eltls-56623	585	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	585	11	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	585	12	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	585	13	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	585	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	585	15	united	united	PROPN
eltls-56623	585	16	states	states	PROPN
eltls-56623	585	17	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	585	18	india	india	PROPN
eltls-56623	585	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	586	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
eltls-56623	586	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	586	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	586	4	national	national	PROPN
eltls-56623	586	5	academy	academy	PROPN
eltls-56623	586	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	586	7	sciences	sciences	PROPN
eltls-56623	586	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	586	9	117(27	117(27	NUM
eltls-56623	586	10	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	586	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	586	12	15536	15536	NUM
eltls-56623	586	13	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	586	14	15545	15545	NUM
eltls-56623	586	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	587	1	haralambous	haralambous	ADJ
eltls-56623	587	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	587	3	y.	y.	NOUN
eltls-56623	587	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	587	5	2021	2021	NUM
eltls-56623	587	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	587	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	588	1	grapholinguistics	grapholinguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	588	2	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	588	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	588	4	21st	21st	ADJ
eltls-56623	588	5	century-2020[c]//g21c	century-2020[c]//g21c	NOUN
eltls-56623	588	6	2020	2020	NUM
eltls-56623	588	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	588	8	grapholinguistics	grapholinguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	588	9	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	588	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	588	11	21st	21st	ADJ
eltls-56623	588	12	century	century	NOUN
eltls-56623	588	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	589	1	fluxus	fluxus	NOUN
eltls-56623	589	2	editions	edition	NOUN
eltls-56623	589	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	589	4	4	4	NUM
eltls-56623	589	5	.	.	X
eltls-56623	590	1	he	he	PRON
eltls-56623	590	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	590	3	k.	k.	PROPN
eltls-56623	590	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	590	5	zhang	zhang	PROPN
eltls-56623	590	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	590	7	h.	h.	PROPN
eltls-56623	590	8	z.	z.	PROPN
eltls-56623	590	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	590	10	jia	jia	PROPN
eltls-56623	590	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	590	12	q.	q.	PROPN
eltls-56623	590	13	x.	x.	PROPN
eltls-56623	590	14	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	590	15	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	590	16	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	590	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	590	18	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	590	19	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	590	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	591	1	latent	latent	PROPN
eltls-56623	591	2	international	international	ADJ
eltls-56623	591	3	interactions	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	591	4	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	591	5	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	591	6	relational	relational	ADJ
eltls-56623	591	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	591	8	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	591	9	deleted	delete	VERB
eltls-56623	591	10	accounts	account	NOUN
eltls-56623	591	11	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	591	12	twitter	twitter	NOUN
eltls-56623	591	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	592	1	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-56623	592	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	592	3	xi'an	xi'an	PROPN
eltls-56623	592	4	jiaotong	jiaotong	PROPN
eltls-56623	592	5	university	university	PROPN
eltls-56623	592	6	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	592	7	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	592	8	sciences	science	NOUN
eltls-56623	592	9	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	592	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	592	11	42(4	42(4	PROPN
eltls-56623	592	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	592	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	593	1	iskanderova	iskanderova	PROPN
eltls-56623	593	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	593	3	t.	t.	PROPN
eltls-56623	593	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	593	5	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	593	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	593	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	594	1	unveiling	unveil	VERB
eltls-56623	594	2	semiotic	semiotic	ADJ
eltls-56623	594	3	codes	code	NOUN
eltls-56623	594	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	594	5	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	594	6	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	594	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	594	8	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	594	9	springer	springer	NOUN
eltls-56623	594	10	nature	nature	PROPN
eltls-56623	594	11	switzerland	switzerland	PROPN
eltls-56623	594	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	595	1	jiang	jiang	PROPN
eltls-56623	595	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	595	3	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	595	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	595	5	2021	2021	NUM
eltls-56623	595	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	595	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	596	1	measuring	measure	VERB
eltls-56623	596	2	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	596	3	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	596	4	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
eltls-56623	596	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	596	6	audiences	audience	NOUN
eltls-56623	596	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	596	8	platforms	platform	NOUN
eltls-56623	596	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	596	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	596	11	storytellers	storyteller	NOUN
eltls-56623	596	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	597	1	northeastern	northeastern	ADJ
eltls-56623	597	2	university	university	PROPN
eltls-56623	597	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	598	1	jiang	jiang	PROPN
eltls-56623	598	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	598	3	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	598	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	598	5	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	598	6	wilson	wilson	PROPN
eltls-56623	598	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	598	8	c.	c.	PROPN
eltls-56623	598	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	598	10	2018	2018	NUM
eltls-56623	598	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	598	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	599	1	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
eltls-56623	599	2	signals	signal	NOUN
eltls-56623	599	3	under	under	ADP
eltls-56623	599	4	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	599	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	599	6	fact	fact	NOUN
eltls-56623	599	7	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	599	8	checking	checking	NOUN
eltls-56623	599	9	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	599	10	evidence	evidence	NOUN
eltls-56623	599	11	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	599	12	user	user	NOUN
eltls-56623	599	13	comments	comment	NOUN
eltls-56623	599	14	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	599	15	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	599	16	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	599	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	600	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
eltls-56623	600	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	600	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	600	4	acm	acm	NOUN
eltls-56623	600	5	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	600	6	human	human	ADJ
eltls-56623	600	7	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	600	8	computer	computer	NOUN
eltls-56623	600	9	interaction	interaction	NOUN
eltls-56623	600	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	600	11	2(cscw	2(cscw	NOUN
eltls-56623	600	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	600	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	600	14	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	600	15	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	600	16	23	23	NUM
eltls-56623	600	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	601	1	koutsoumpis	koutsoumpis	ADJ
eltls-56623	601	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	601	3	a.	a.	NOUN
eltls-56623	601	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	601	5	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	601	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	601	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	602	1	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
eltls-56623	602	2	personality	personality	NOUN
eltls-56623	602	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
eltls-56623	602	4	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	602	5	audio	audio	ADJ
eltls-56623	602	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	602	7	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	602	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	602	9	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	602	10	verbal	verbal	ADJ
eltls-56623	602	11	features	feature	NOUN
eltls-56623	602	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	603	1	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	NUM
eltls-56623	603	2	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	603	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	603	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	603	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	603	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	603	7	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	603	8	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	603	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	604	1	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	604	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	604	3	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	604	4	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	604	5	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	604	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	604	7	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	604	8	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	604	9	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	604	10	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	604	11	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	604	12	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	604	13	163	163	NUM
eltls-56623	604	14	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
eltls-56623	604	15	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	605	1	vrije	vrije	PROPN
eltls-56623	605	2	universiteit	universiteit	PROPN
eltls-56623	605	3	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
eltls-56623	605	4	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	605	5	laylo	laylo	PROPN
eltls-56623	605	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	605	7	m.	m.	PROPN
eltls-56623	605	8	c.	c.	PROPN
eltls-56623	605	9	b.	b.	PROPN
eltls-56623	605	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	605	11	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	605	12	velasco	velasco	PROPN
eltls-56623	605	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	605	14	d.	d.	PROPN
eltls-56623	605	15	c.	c.	PROPN
eltls-56623	605	16	q.	q.	PROPN
eltls-56623	605	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	605	18	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	605	19	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	605	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	606	1	critical	critical	ADJ
eltls-56623	606	2	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	606	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	606	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	606	5	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	606	6	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	606	7	new	new	ADJ
eltls-56623	606	8	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	606	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	607	1	international	international	ADJ
eltls-56623	607	2	journal	journal	NOUN
eltls-56623	607	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	607	4	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	607	5	science	science	NOUN
eltls-56623	607	6	humanity	humanity	NOUN
eltls-56623	607	7	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	607	8	management	management	PROPN
eltls-56623	607	9	research	research	NOUN
eltls-56623	607	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	607	11	02(07	02(07	NUM
eltls-56623	607	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	607	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	607	14	671	671	NUM
eltls-56623	607	15	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	607	16	690	690	NUM
eltls-56623	607	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	608	1	liu	liu	PROPN
eltls-56623	608	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	608	3	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-56623	608	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	608	5	abas	abas	PROPN
eltls-56623	608	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	608	7	w.	w.	PROPN
eltls-56623	608	8	a.	a.	PROPN
eltls-56623	608	9	w.	w.	PROPN
eltls-56623	608	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	608	11	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	608	12	aini	aini	PROPN
eltls-56623	608	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	608	14	a.	a.	PROPN
eltls-56623	608	15	ma’rof	ma’rof	PROPN
eltls-56623	608	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	609	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	609	2	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	609	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	609	4	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	610	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	610	2	impact	impact	NOUN
eltls-56623	610	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	610	4	emoji	emoji	NOUN
eltls-56623	610	5	use	use	NOUN
eltls-56623	610	6	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	610	7	self	self	NOUN
eltls-56623	610	8	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	610	9	disclosure	disclosure	NOUN
eltls-56623	610	10	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	610	11	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	610	12	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	610	13	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	610	14	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	610	15	literature	literature	NOUN
eltls-56623	610	16	review	review	NOUN
eltls-56623	610	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	611	1	environment	environment	NOUN
eltls-56623	611	2	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	611	3	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	611	4	psychology	psychology	NOUN
eltls-56623	611	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	611	6	9(9	9(9	NUM
eltls-56623	611	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	611	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	611	9	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	611	10	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	611	11	9	9	NUM
eltls-56623	611	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	612	1	liu	liu	PROPN
eltls-56623	612	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	612	3	x.	x.	PROPN
eltls-56623	612	4	y.	y.	PROPN
eltls-56623	612	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	612	6	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	612	7	zhu	zhu	PROPN
eltls-56623	612	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	612	9	h.	h.	PROPN
eltls-56623	612	10	q.	q.	PROPN
eltls-56623	612	11	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	612	12	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	612	13	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	612	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	613	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	613	2	illusion	illusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	613	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	613	4	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
eltls-56623	613	5	under	under	ADP
eltls-56623	613	6	emotional	emotional	ADJ
eltls-56623	613	7	veils	veil	NOUN
eltls-56623	613	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	613	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	613	10	sentimental	sentimental	ADJ
eltls-56623	613	11	bias	bias	NOUN
eltls-56623	613	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	613	13	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	613	14	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	613	15	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	613	16	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	613	17	digital	digital	ADJ
eltls-56623	613	18	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	613	19	era	era	NOUN
eltls-56623	613	20	—	—	PUNCT
eltls-56623	613	21	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	613	22	discourse	discourse	NOUN
eltls-56623	613	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	613	24	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	613	25	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	613	26	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	613	27	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	613	28	2010	2010	NUM
eltls-56623	613	29	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	613	30	2021	2021	NUM
eltls-56623	613	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	614	1	southeast	southeast	ADJ
eltls-56623	614	2	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	614	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	614	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	614	5	01	01	NUM
eltls-56623	614	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	614	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	614	8	6	6	NUM
eltls-56623	614	9	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	614	10	13	13	NUM
eltls-56623	614	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	615	1	mathews	mathews	PROPN
eltls-56623	615	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	615	3	e.	e.	PROPN
eltls-56623	615	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	615	5	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	615	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	615	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	616	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	616	2	influence	influence	NOUN
eltls-56623	616	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	616	4	texting	texte	VERB
eltls-56623	616	5	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	616	6	perceived	perceive	VERB
eltls-56623	616	7	warmth	warmth	NOUN
eltls-56623	616	8	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	616	9	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	616	10	role	role	NOUN
eltls-56623	616	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	616	12	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	616	13	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	616	14	emoji	emoji	PROPN
eltls-56623	616	15	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	616	16	lynchburg	lynchburg	PROPN
eltls-56623	616	17	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	616	18	liberty	liberty	PROPN
eltls-56623	616	19	university	university	PROPN
eltls-56623	616	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	617	1	mills	mill	NOUN
eltls-56623	617	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	617	3	k.	k.	PROPN
eltls-56623	617	4	a.	a.	PROPN
eltls-56623	617	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	617	6	2017	2017	NUM
eltls-56623	617	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	617	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	618	1	unsworth	unsworth	PROPN
eltls-56623	618	2	l.	l.	PROPN
eltls-56623	618	3	multimodal	multimodal	PROPN
eltls-56623	618	4	literacy	literacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	618	5	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	619	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
eltls-56623	619	2	university	university	PROPN
eltls-56623	619	3	press	press	NOUN
eltls-56623	619	4	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	620	1	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	620	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	620	3	c.	c.	PROPN
eltls-56623	620	4	w.	w.	PROPN
eltls-56623	620	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	620	6	1946	1946	NUM
eltls-56623	620	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	620	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	621	1	signs	sign	NOUN
eltls-56623	621	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	621	3	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	621	4	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	621	5	behavio	behavio	NOUN
eltls-56623	621	6	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	622	1	new	new	PROPN
eltls-56623	622	2	york	york	PROPN
eltls-56623	622	3	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	622	4	prentice	prentice	NOUN
eltls-56623	622	5	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	622	6	hall	hall	NOUN
eltls-56623	622	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	623	1	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	623	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	623	3	c.	c.	PROPN
eltls-56623	623	4	w.	w.	PROPN
eltls-56623	623	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	623	6	1983	1983	NUM
eltls-56623	623	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	623	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	624	1	foundations	foundation	NOUN
eltls-56623	624	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	624	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	624	4	theory	theory	NOUN
eltls-56623	624	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	624	6	signs	sign	NOUN
eltls-56623	624	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	625	1	international	international	ADJ
eltls-56623	625	2	encyclopedia	encyclopedia	NOUN
eltls-56623	625	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	625	4	unified	unified	ADJ
eltls-56623	625	5	science	science	NOUN
eltls-56623	625	6	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	626	1	chicago	chicago	PROPN
eltls-56623	626	2	university	university	PROPN
eltls-56623	626	3	press	press	NOUN
eltls-56623	626	4	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	627	1	pasquel	pasquel	NOUN
eltls-56623	627	2	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	627	3	lópez	lópez	PROPN
eltls-56623	627	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	627	5	c.	c.	PROPN
eltls-56623	627	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	627	7	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	627	8	valerio	valerio	PROPN
eltls-56623	627	9	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	627	10	ureña	ureña	PROPN
eltls-56623	627	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	627	12	g.	g.	PROPN
eltls-56623	627	13	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	627	14	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	627	15	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	627	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	628	1	contagio	contagio	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	2	emocional	emocional	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	3	en	en	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	4	las	las	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	5	redes	redes	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	6	sociales	sociales	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	628	8	el	el	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	9	caso	caso	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	10	de	de	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	11	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	12	en	en	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	13	facebook	facebook	PROPN
eltls-56623	628	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	629	1	texto	texto	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	2	livre	livre	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	629	4	14	14	NUM
eltls-56623	629	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	629	6	e29080	e29080	NOUN
eltls-56623	629	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	629	8	pennycook	pennycook	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	629	10	g.	g.	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	629	12	bear	bear	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	629	14	a.	a.	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	629	16	collins	collins	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	629	18	e.	e.	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	19	t.	t.	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	20	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	21	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	22	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	629	23	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	629	24	2020	2020	NUM
eltls-56623	629	25	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	629	26	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	630	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	630	2	implied	imply	VERB
eltls-56623	630	3	truth	truth	NOUN
eltls-56623	630	4	effect	effect	NOUN
eltls-56623	630	5	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	630	6	attaching	attach	VERB
eltls-56623	630	7	warnings	warning	NOUN
eltls-56623	630	8	to	to	ADP
eltls-56623	630	9	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	630	10	subset	subset	NOUN
eltls-56623	630	11	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	630	12	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	630	13	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	630	14	headlines	headline	NOUN
eltls-56623	630	15	increases	increase	NOUN
eltls-56623	630	16	perceived	perceive	VERB
eltls-56623	630	17	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
eltls-56623	630	18	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	630	19	headlines	headline	NOUN
eltls-56623	630	20	without	without	ADP
eltls-56623	630	21	warnings	warning	NOUN
eltls-56623	630	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	631	1	management	management	NOUN
eltls-56623	631	2	science	science	NOUN
eltls-56623	631	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	631	4	66(11	66(11	NUM
eltls-56623	631	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	631	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	631	7	4944	4944	NUM
eltls-56623	631	8	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	631	9	4957	4957	NUM
eltls-56623	631	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	632	1	podzimek	podzimek	PROPN
eltls-56623	632	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	632	3	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-56623	632	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	632	5	2018	2018	NUM
eltls-56623	632	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	632	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	633	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	633	2	term	term	NOUN
eltls-56623	633	3	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	633	4	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	633	5	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	633	6	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	633	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	633	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	633	9	czech	czech	ADJ
eltls-56623	633	10	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	633	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	634	1	civilia	civilia	NOUN
eltls-56623	634	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	634	3	9(2	9(2	NUM
eltls-56623	634	4	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	634	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	634	6	23	23	NUM
eltls-56623	634	7	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	634	8	36	36	NUM
eltls-56623	634	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	635	1	raza	raza	PROPN
eltls-56623	635	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	635	3	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	635	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	635	5	paulen	paulen	PROPN
eltls-56623	635	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	635	7	patterson	patterson	PROPN
eltls-56623	635	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	635	9	d.	d.	PROPN
eltls-56623	635	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	635	11	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	635	12	ding	ding	PROPN
eltls-56623	635	13	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	635	14	c.	c.	PROPN
eltls-56623	635	15	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	635	16	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	635	17	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	635	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	636	1	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	636	2	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	636	3	detection	detection	NOUN
eltls-56623	636	4	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	636	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
eltls-56623	636	6	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
eltls-56623	636	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	636	8	bert	bert	NOUN
eltls-56623	636	9	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	636	10	like	like	ADJ
eltls-56623	636	11	models	model	NOUN
eltls-56623	636	12	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	636	13	large	large	ADJ
eltls-56623	636	14	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	636	15	models	model	NOUN
eltls-56623	636	16	with	with	ADP
eltls-56623	636	17	generative	generative	ADJ
eltls-56623	636	18	ai	ai	ADJ
eltls-56623	636	19	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	636	20	annotated	annotated	ADJ
eltls-56623	636	21	data	datum	NOUN
eltls-56623	636	22	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	637	1	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
eltls-56623	637	2	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	637	3	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	637	4	systems	system	NOUN
eltls-56623	637	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	637	6	67(4	67(4	NUM
eltls-56623	637	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	637	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	637	9	3267	3267	NUM
eltls-56623	637	10	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	637	11	3292	3292	NUM
eltls-56623	637	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	638	1	seb	seb	PROPN
eltls-56623	638	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	638	3	b.	b.	PROPN
eltls-56623	638	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	638	5	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	638	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	638	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	639	1	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	639	2	may	may	AUX
eltls-56623	639	3	be	be	AUX
eltls-56623	639	4	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	639	5	year	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	639	6	online	online	ADJ
eltls-56623	639	7	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	639	8	finally	finally	ADV
eltls-56623	639	9	gets	get	VERB
eltls-56623	639	10	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	639	11	better	well	ADJ
eltls-56623	639	12	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	639	13	us	we	PRON
eltls-56623	639	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	640	1	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	640	2	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	640	3	03	03	NUM
eltls-56623	640	4	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	640	5	25[2025	25[2025	NUM
eltls-56623	640	6	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	640	7	09	09	NUM
eltls-56623	640	8	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	640	9	15	15	NUM
eltls-56623	640	10	]	]	PUNCT
eltls-56623	640	11	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	641	1	siriam	siriam	PROPN
eltls-56623	641	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	641	3	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	641	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	641	5	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	641	6	widyastuti	widyastuti	PROPN
eltls-56623	641	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	641	8	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	641	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	641	10	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	641	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	641	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	642	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	642	2	translation	translation	NOUN
eltls-56623	642	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	642	4	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
eltls-56623	642	5	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	642	6	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	642	7	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	642	8	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	642	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	643	1	diksi	diksi	PROPN
eltls-56623	643	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	643	3	31(1	31(1	NUM
eltls-56623	643	4	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	643	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	643	6	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	643	7	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	643	8	11	11	NUM
eltls-56623	643	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	644	1	stieglitz	stieglitz	PROPN
eltls-56623	644	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	644	3	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	644	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	644	5	zerfaß	zerfaß	PROPN
eltls-56623	644	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	644	7	a.	a.	NOUN
eltls-56623	644	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	644	9	wloka	wloka	NOUN
eltls-56623	644	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	644	11	m.	m.	NOUN
eltls-56623	644	12	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	644	13	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	644	14	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	644	15	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	644	16	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	644	17	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	644	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	645	1	communications	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	645	2	trend	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	645	3	radar	radar	NOUN
eltls-56623	645	4	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	645	5	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	646	1	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	646	2	inflation	inflation	NOUN
eltls-56623	646	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	646	4	ai	ai	VERB
eltls-56623	646	5	literacy	literacy	NOUN
eltls-56623	646	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	646	7	workforce	workforce	NOUN
eltls-56623	646	8	shift	shift	NOUN
eltls-56623	646	9	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	646	10	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	646	11	integrity	integrity	NOUN
eltls-56623	646	12	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	646	13	decoding	decode	VERB
eltls-56623	646	14	humans	human	NOUN
eltls-56623	646	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	647	1	communication	communication	NOUN
eltls-56623	647	2	insights	insight	NOUN
eltls-56623	647	3	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	648	1	stroud	stroud	PROPN
eltls-56623	648	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	648	3	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	648	4	r.	r.	PROPN
eltls-56623	648	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	648	6	2019	2019	NUM
eltls-56623	648	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	648	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	649	1	pragmatist	pragmatist	ADJ
eltls-56623	649	2	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	649	3	ethics	ethic	NOUN
eltls-56623	649	4	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	649	5	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	649	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
eltls-56623	649	7	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	649	8	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	649	9	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	649	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	650	1	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-56623	650	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	650	3	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	650	4	ethics	ethic	NOUN
eltls-56623	650	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	650	6	34(4	34(4	NUM
eltls-56623	650	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	650	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	650	9	178	178	NUM
eltls-56623	650	10	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	650	11	192	192	NUM
eltls-56623	650	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	651	1	tucker	tucker	PROPN
eltls-56623	651	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	651	3	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-56623	651	4	a.	a.	PROPN
eltls-56623	651	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	651	6	guess	guess	VERB
eltls-56623	651	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	651	8	a.	a.	NOUN
eltls-56623	651	9	barberá	barberá	NOUN
eltls-56623	651	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	651	11	p.	p.	NOUN
eltls-56623	651	12	et	et	NOUN
eltls-56623	652	1	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	652	2	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	652	3	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	652	4	2018	2018	NUM
eltls-56623	652	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	652	6	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	653	1	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	653	2	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	653	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	653	4	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	653	5	polarization	polarization	NOUN
eltls-56623	653	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	653	7	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	653	8	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	653	9	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	653	10	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	653	11	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	653	12	review	review	NOUN
eltls-56623	653	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	653	14	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	653	15	scientific	scientific	ADJ
eltls-56623	653	16	literature	literature	NOUN
eltls-56623	653	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	654	1	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	654	2	polarization	polarization	NOUN
eltls-56623	654	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	654	4	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	654	5	political	political	ADJ
eltls-56623	654	6	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	654	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	654	8	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	654	9	review	review	NOUN
eltls-56623	654	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	654	11	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	654	12	scientific	scientific	ADJ
eltls-56623	654	13	literature	literature	NOUN
eltls-56623	654	14	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	654	15	march	march	PROPN
eltls-56623	654	16	19	19	NUM
eltls-56623	654	17	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	654	18	2018	2018	NUM
eltls-56623	654	19	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	654	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	655	1	vosoughi	vosoughi	PROPN
eltls-56623	655	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	655	3	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	655	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	655	5	roy	roy	PROPN
eltls-56623	655	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	655	7	d.	d.	PROPN
eltls-56623	655	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	655	9	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	655	10	aral	aral	PROPN
eltls-56623	655	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	655	12	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	655	13	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	655	14	2018	2018	NUM
eltls-56623	655	15	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	655	16	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	656	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	656	2	spread	spread	NOUN
eltls-56623	656	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	656	4	true	true	ADJ
eltls-56623	656	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	656	6	false	false	ADJ
eltls-56623	656	7	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	656	8	online	online	NOUN
eltls-56623	656	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	657	1	science	science	NOUN
eltls-56623	657	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	657	3	359(6380	359(6380	NUM
eltls-56623	657	4	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	657	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	657	6	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/eltls	PROPN
eltls-56623	657	7	english	english	ADJ
eltls-56623	657	8	language	language	NOUN
eltls-56623	657	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
eltls-56623	657	10	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	657	11	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	657	12	studies	study	NOUN
eltls-56623	657	13	vol	vol	NOUN
eltls-56623	657	14	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	657	15	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	657	16	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	657	17	no	no	INTJ
eltls-56623	657	18	.	.	NOUN
eltls-56623	657	19	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	657	20	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	657	21	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	657	22	published	publish	VERB
eltls-56623	657	23	by	by	ADP
eltls-56623	657	24	scholink	scholink	PROPN
eltls-56623	657	25	inc	inc	PROPN
eltls-56623	657	26	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	657	27	164	164	NUM
eltls-56623	657	28	1146	1146	NUM
eltls-56623	657	29	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	657	30	1151	1151	NUM
eltls-56623	657	31	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	658	1	wang	wang	PROPN
eltls-56623	658	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	658	3	x.	x.	PROPN
eltls-56623	658	4	j.	j.	PROPN
eltls-56623	658	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	658	6	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	658	7	wang	wang	PROPN
eltls-56623	658	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	658	9	c.	c.	PROPN
eltls-56623	658	10	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	658	11	2019	2019	NUM
eltls-56623	658	12	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	658	13	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	659	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	659	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	659	3	content	content	NOUN
eltls-56623	659	4	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	659	5	presentation	presentation	NOUN
eltls-56623	659	6	forms	form	NOUN
eltls-56623	659	7	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	659	8	people	people	NOUN
eltls-56623	659	9	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	659	10	daily	daily	PROPN
eltls-56623	659	11	online	online	NOUN
eltls-56623	659	12	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	659	13	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	659	14	infographic	infographic	ADJ
eltls-56623	659	15	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	659	16	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	659	17	visual	visual	ADJ
eltls-56623	659	18	journalism	journalism	NOUN
eltls-56623	659	19	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	660	1	audiovisual	audiovisual	ADJ
eltls-56623	660	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	660	3	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	660	4	09	09	NUM
eltls-56623	660	5	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	660	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	660	7	173	173	NUM
eltls-56623	660	8	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	660	9	174	174	NUM
eltls-56623	660	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	661	1	wu	wu	PROPN
eltls-56623	661	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	661	3	f.	f.	PROPN
eltls-56623	661	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	661	5	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	661	6	li	li	PROPN
eltls-56623	661	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	661	8	x.	x.	NOUN
eltls-56623	661	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	661	10	2022	2022	NUM
eltls-56623	661	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	661	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	662	1	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
eltls-56623	662	2	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	662	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	662	4	primary	primary	ADJ
eltls-56623	662	5	manifestation	manifestation	NOUN
eltls-56623	662	6	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	662	7	“	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	662	8	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
eltls-56623	662	9	warfare	warfare	NOUN
eltls-56623	662	10	”	"	PUNCT
eltls-56623	662	11	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	662	12	western	western	ADJ
eltls-56623	662	13	nations	nation	NOUN
eltls-56623	662	14	post	post	NOUN
eltls-56623	662	15	-	-	NOUN
eltls-56623	662	16	globalisation	globalisation	NOUN
eltls-56623	662	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	663	1	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-56623	663	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	663	3	china	china	PROPN
eltls-56623	663	4	radio	radio	PROPN
eltls-56623	663	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	663	6	television	television	NOUN
eltls-56623	663	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	663	8	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	663	9	12	12	NUM
eltls-56623	663	10	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	663	11	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	663	12	35	35	NUM
eltls-56623	663	13	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	663	14	39	39	NUM
eltls-56623	663	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	664	1	xiong	xiong	PROPN
eltls-56623	664	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	664	3	y.	y.	PROPN
eltls-56623	664	4	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	664	5	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	664	6	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	664	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	665	1	collusion	collusion	NOUN
eltls-56623	665	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	665	3	hyperreality	hyperreality	NOUN
eltls-56623	665	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	665	5	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	665	6	endlessness	endlessness	NOUN
eltls-56623	665	7	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	665	8	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	665	9	generative	generative	ADJ
eltls-56623	665	10	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
eltls-56623	665	11	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	665	12	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
eltls-56623	665	13	trends	trend	NOUN
eltls-56623	665	14	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	665	15	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	665	16	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	665	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	666	1	nanjing	nanjing	PROPN
eltls-56623	666	2	social	social	PROPN
eltls-56623	666	3	sciences	sciences	PROPN
eltls-56623	666	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	666	5	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	666	6	08	08	NUM
eltls-56623	666	7	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	666	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	666	9	105	105	NUM
eltls-56623	666	10	-	-	SYM
eltls-56623	666	11	113	113	NUM
eltls-56623	666	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	667	1	xu	xu	PROPN
eltls-56623	667	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	667	3	s.	s.	PROPN
eltls-56623	667	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	667	5	tian	tian	PROPN
eltls-56623	667	6	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	667	7	y.	y.	PROPN
eltls-56623	667	8	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	667	9	cao	cao	PROPN
eltls-56623	667	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	667	11	y.	y.	PROPN
eltls-56623	667	12	et	et	PROPN
eltls-56623	667	13	al	al	PROPN
eltls-56623	667	14	.	.	PROPN
eltls-56623	668	1	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	668	2	2025	2025	NUM
eltls-56623	668	3	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	668	4	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	669	1	benchmarking	benchmarke	VERB
eltls-56623	669	2	machine	machine	NOUN
eltls-56623	669	3	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-56623	669	4	and	and	CCONJ
eltls-56623	669	5	deep	deep	ADJ
eltls-56623	669	6	learning	learning	NOUN
eltls-56623	669	7	models	model	NOUN
eltls-56623	669	8	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	669	9	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	669	10	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	669	11	detection	detection	NOUN
eltls-56623	669	12	using	use	VERB
eltls-56623	669	13	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	669	14	headlines	headline	NOUN
eltls-56623	669	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	670	1	yadav	yadav	PROPN
eltls-56623	670	2	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	670	3	a.	a.	PROPN
eltls-56623	670	4	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	670	5	&	&	CCONJ
eltls-56623	670	6	gupta	gupta	PROPN
eltls-56623	670	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	670	8	a.	a.	NOUN
eltls-56623	670	9	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	670	10	2024	2024	NUM
eltls-56623	670	11	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	670	12	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	671	1	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	671	2	emotion	emotion	NOUN
eltls-56623	671	3	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	671	4	driven	drive	VERB
eltls-56623	671	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	671	6	transformer	transformer	NOUN
eltls-56623	671	7	-	-	PUNCT
eltls-56623	671	8	based	base	VERB
eltls-56623	671	9	network	network	NOUN
eltls-56623	671	10	for	for	ADP
eltls-56623	671	11	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
eltls-56623	671	12	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	671	13	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	671	14	detection	detection	NOUN
eltls-56623	671	15	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	672	1	international	international	ADJ
eltls-56623	672	2	journal	journal	PROPN
eltls-56623	672	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	672	4	multimedia	multimedia	PROPN
eltls-56623	672	5	information	information	NOUN
eltls-56623	672	6	retrieval	retrieval	NOUN
eltls-56623	672	7	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	672	8	13(1	13(1	NUM
eltls-56623	672	9	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	672	10	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	672	11	7	7	X
eltls-56623	672	12	.	.	X
eltls-56623	672	13	zhou	zhou	PROPN
eltls-56623	672	14	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	672	15	b.	b.	PROPN
eltls-56623	672	16	x.	x.	PROPN
eltls-56623	672	17	(	(	PUNCT
eltls-56623	672	18	2023	2023	NUM
eltls-56623	672	19	)	)	PUNCT
eltls-56623	672	20	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	673	1	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	673	2	brief	brief	ADJ
eltls-56623	673	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	673	4	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	673	5	translating	translate	VERB
eltls-56623	673	6	modern	modern	ADJ
eltls-56623	673	7	chinese	chinese	ADJ
eltls-56623	673	8	prose	prose	NOUN
eltls-56623	673	9	from	from	ADP
eltls-56623	673	10	a	a	DET
eltls-56623	673	11	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
eltls-56623	673	12	translation	translation	NOUN
eltls-56623	673	13	perspective	perspective	NOUN
eltls-56623	673	14	:	:	PUNCT
eltls-56623	673	15	taking	take	VERB
eltls-56623	673	16	zhang	zhang	PROPN
eltls-56623	673	17	peiji	peiji	PROPN
eltls-56623	673	18	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	673	19	selected	select	VERB
eltls-56623	673	20	modern	modern	ADJ
eltls-56623	673	21	chinese	chinese	ADJ
eltls-56623	673	22	prose	prose	NOUN
eltls-56623	673	23	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	673	24	english	english	PROPN
eltls-56623	673	25	as	as	ADP
eltls-56623	673	26	an	an	DET
eltls-56623	673	27	example	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	673	28	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	674	1	modern	modern	ADJ
eltls-56623	674	2	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	674	3	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	674	4	11	11	NUM
eltls-56623	674	5	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	674	6	4280	4280	NUM
eltls-56623	674	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	675	1	original	original	ADJ
eltls-56623	675	2	paper	paper	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	3	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	5	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	675	6	american	american	PROPN
eltls-56623	675	7	current	current	PROPN
eltls-56623	675	8	polit	polit	PROPN
eltls-56623	675	9	fanying	fanying	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	10	li1	li1	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	11	abstract	abstract	ADV
eltls-56623	675	12	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	675	13	recent	recent	ADJ
eltls-56623	675	14	years	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	15	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	675	16	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	675	17	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	18	has	have	AUX
eltls-56623	675	19	proliferated	proliferate	VERB
eltls-56623	675	20	rampan	rampan	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	21	keywords	keyword	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	22	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	675	23	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	24	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	675	25	morris	morris	PROPN
eltls-56623	675	26	’s	’s	PART
eltls-56623	675	27	semiotics	semiotic	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	28	,	,	PUNCT
eltls-56623	675	29	social	social	ADJ
eltls-56623	675	30	media	medium	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	31	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	675	32	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	675	33	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	676	1	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	676	2	number	number	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	3	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	676	4	fake	fake	ADJ
eltls-56623	676	5	news	news	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	6	per	per	ADP
eltls-56623	676	7	year	year	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	8	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	9	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	676	10	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	676	11	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
eltls-56623	676	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	13	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	676	14	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
eltls-56623	676	15	char	char	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	16	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	17	3	3	NUM
eltls-56623	676	18	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	676	19	annual	annual	ADJ
eltls-56623	676	20	proportion	proportion	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	21	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	676	22	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	23	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	24	ty	ty	INTJ
eltls-56623	676	25	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	26	4	4	NUM
eltls-56623	676	27	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	676	28	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	29	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	676	30	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	676	31	stop	stop	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	32	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	33	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	676	34	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	35	5	5	NUM
eltls-56623	676	36	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	676	37	statistics	statistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	38	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	676	39	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	676	40	disappearance	disappearance	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	41	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	676	42	full	full	ADJ
eltls-56623	676	43	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	44	6	6	NUM
eltls-56623	676	45	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	676	46	statistics	statistic	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	47	on	on	ADP
eltls-56623	676	48	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	676	49	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	676	50	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	51	cimbinat	cimbinat	PROPN
eltls-56623	676	52	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	53	7	7	NUM
eltls-56623	676	54	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	676	55	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	56	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	676	57	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	676	58	emphatic	emphatic	ADJ
eltls-56623	676	59	mark	mark	NOUN
eltls-56623	676	60	cimbinatio	cimbinatio	PROPN
eltls-56623	676	61	figure	figure	VERB
eltls-56623	676	62	8	8	NUM
eltls-56623	676	63	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	677	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
eltls-56623	677	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	677	3	the	the	DET
eltls-56623	677	4	emoji	emoji	PROPN
eltls-56623	677	5	using	use	VERB
eltls-56623	677	6	figure	figure	NOUN
eltls-56623	677	7	9	9	NUM
eltls-56623	677	8	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	677	9	frequency	frequency	NOUN
eltls-56623	677	10	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	677	11	emoji	emoji	PROPN
eltls-56623	677	12	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
eltls-56623	677	13	in	in	ADP
eltls-56623	677	14	differe	differe	X
eltls-56623	677	15	table	table	NOUN
eltls-56623	677	16	1	1	NUM
eltls-56623	677	17	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	678	1	examples	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	678	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	678	3	power	power	NOUN
eltls-56623	678	4	/	/	SYM
eltls-56623	678	5	authority	authority	NOUN
eltls-56623	678	6	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	678	7	table	table	VERB
eltls-56623	678	8	2	2	NUM
eltls-56623	678	9	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	679	1	examples	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	679	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	679	3	disaster	disaster	NOUN
eltls-56623	679	4	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	679	5	table	table	VERB
eltls-56623	679	6	3	3	NUM
eltls-56623	679	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	680	1	examples	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	680	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	680	3	identity	identity	NOUN
eltls-56623	680	4	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
eltls-56623	680	5	table	table	VERB
eltls-56623	680	6	4	4	NUM
eltls-56623	680	7	.	.	PUNCT
eltls-56623	681	1	examples	example	NOUN
eltls-56623	681	2	of	of	ADP
eltls-56623	681	3	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
eltls-56623	681	4	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN