id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
erjee-11843	1	1	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	1	2	review	review	PROPN
erjee-11843	1	3	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	1	4	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	1	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	1	6	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	1	7	education	education	PROPN
erjee-11843	1	8	p	p	PROPN
erjee-11843	1	9	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	1	10	issn	issn	PROPN
erjee-11843	1	11	2301	2301	NUM
erjee-11843	1	12	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	1	13	7554	7554	NUM
erjee-11843	1	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	1	15	e	e	X
erjee-11843	1	16	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	1	17	issn	issn	VERB
erjee-11843	1	18	2541	2541	NUM
erjee-11843	1	19	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	1	20	3643	3643	NUM
erjee-11843	1	21	volume	volume	NOUN
erjee-11843	1	22	13	13	NUM
erjee-11843	1	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	1	24	issue	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	1	25	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	1	26	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	1	27	june	june	PROPN
erjee-11843	1	28	2025	2025	NUM
erjee-11843	1	29	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	PROPN
erjee-11843	1	30	677	677	NUM
erjee-11843	1	31	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	1	32	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	1	33	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	1	34	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	1	35	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	1	36	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	1	37	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	1	38	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	1	39	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	1	40	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	1	41	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	1	42	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	1	43	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	1	44	ikhfi	ikhfi	ADV
erjee-11843	1	45	imaniah1	imaniah1	PROPN
erjee-11843	1	46	*	*	PUNCT
erjee-11843	1	47	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	1	48	akhmad	akhmad	PROPN
erjee-11843	1	49	zakky2	zakky2	PROPN
erjee-11843	1	50	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	1	deni	deni	PROPN
erjee-11843	2	2	yuliana3	yuliana3	PROPN
erjee-11843	2	3	1,3	1,3	NUM
erjee-11843	2	4	universitas	universita	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	5	muhammadiyah	muhammadiyah	ADP
erjee-11843	2	6	tangerang	tangerang	PROPN
erjee-11843	2	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	8	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
erjee-11843	2	9	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	2	10	universitas	universita	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	11	islam	islam	PROPN
erjee-11843	2	12	negeri	negeri	PROPN
erjee-11843	2	13	syarif	syarif	PROPN
erjee-11843	2	14	hidayatullah	hidayatullah	PROPN
erjee-11843	2	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	16	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
erjee-11843	2	17	*	*	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	18	corresponding	correspond	VERB
erjee-11843	2	19	author	author	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	20	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	21	ikhfi.imaniah@umt.ac.id	ikhfi.imaniah@umt.ac.id	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	22	received	receive	VERB
erjee-11843	2	23	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	24	23	23	NUM
erjee-11843	2	25	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	2	26	02	02	NUM
erjee-11843	2	27	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	28	2025	2025	NUM
erjee-11843	2	29	accepted	accept	VERB
erjee-11843	2	30	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	31	24	24	NUM
erjee-11843	2	32	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	33	04	04	NUM
erjee-11843	2	34	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	35	2025	2025	NUM
erjee-11843	2	36	published	publish	VERB
erjee-11843	2	37	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	38	30	30	NUM
erjee-11843	2	39	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	2	40	06	06	NUM
erjee-11843	2	41	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	42	2025	2025	NUM
erjee-11843	2	43	abstract	abstract	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	44	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	45	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	2	46	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	47	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	2	48	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	2	49	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	50	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	2	51	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	52	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	53	has	have	AUX
erjee-11843	2	54	been	be	AUX
erjee-11843	2	55	widely	widely	ADV
erjee-11843	2	56	explored	explore	VERB
erjee-11843	2	57	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	58	yet	yet	CCONJ
erjee-11843	2	59	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	60	focusing	focus	VERB
erjee-11843	2	61	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	2	62	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	63	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	2	64	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	2	65	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	2	66	foreign	foreign	ADJ
erjee-11843	2	67	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	68	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	69	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	70	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	71	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	72	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	2	73	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	2	74	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	75	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	2	76	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	2	77	settings	setting	NOUN
erjee-11843	2	78	remain	remain	VERB
erjee-11843	2	79	limited	limited	ADJ
erjee-11843	2	80	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	1	previous	previous	ADJ
erjee-11843	3	2	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	3	3	has	have	AUX
erjee-11843	3	4	highlighted	highlight	VERB
erjee-11843	3	5	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	3	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	3	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	3	8	frameworks	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	3	9	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	10	reddy	reddy	PROPN
erjee-11843	3	11	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	3	12	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	3	13	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	3	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	15	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	3	16	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	17	fadilah	fadilah	ADJ
erjee-11843	3	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	19	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	3	20	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	3	23	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	3	24	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	3	25	gaps	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	3	26	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	27	giannikas	giannikas	PROPN
erjee-11843	3	28	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	3	29	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	3	30	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	3	31	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	32	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	3	33	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	34	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	35	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	3	36	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	3	37	positive	positive	ADJ
erjee-11843	3	38	correlation	correlation	NOUN
erjee-11843	3	39	between	between	ADP
erjee-11843	3	40	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	3	41	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	3	42	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	3	43	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	3	44	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	3	45	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	46	wahyuddin	wahyuddin	VERB
erjee-11843	3	47	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	3	48	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	3	49	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	3	50	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	51	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	3	52	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	3	53	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	4	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	4	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	4	3	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	4	4	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	4	5	have	have	AUX
erjee-11843	4	6	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	4	7	specifically	specifically	ADV
erjee-11843	4	8	examined	examine	VERB
erjee-11843	4	9	how	how	SCONJ
erjee-11843	4	10	adult	adult	ADJ
erjee-11843	4	11	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	4	12	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	4	13	navigate	navigate	VERB
erjee-11843	4	14	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	4	15	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	4	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	4	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	4	18	particularly	particularly	ADV
erjee-11843	4	19	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	4	20	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	4	21	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
erjee-11843	4	22	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	4	23	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	4	24	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	4	25	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	4	26	cybersecurity	cybersecurity	NOUN
erjee-11843	4	27	awareness	awareness	NOUN
erjee-11843	4	28	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	5	1	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	5	2	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	3	aims	aim	VERB
erjee-11843	5	4	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	5	5	assess	assess	VERB
erjee-11843	5	6	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	5	7	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	5	8	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	9	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	5	10	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	11	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	12	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	5	14	focusing	focus	VERB
erjee-11843	5	15	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	5	16	five	five	NUM
erjee-11843	5	17	key	key	ADJ
erjee-11843	5	18	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	19	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	5	20	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	5	21	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	5	22	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	5	24	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	25	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	26	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	5	27	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	28	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	29	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	5	30	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	5	31	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	32	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	5	33	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	34	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	5	35	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	5	36	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	37	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	5	38	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	39	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	5	40	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	5	41	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	5	42	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	5	43	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	6	1	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	6	2	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	6	3	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	6	4	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	5	administered	administer	VERB
erjee-11843	6	6	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	6	7	56	56	NUM
erjee-11843	6	8	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	9	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	6	11	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	6	12	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	13	indicate	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	6	14	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	6	15	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	6	16	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	17	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
erjee-11843	6	18	strong	strong	ADJ
erjee-11843	6	19	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	20	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	6	21	basic	basic	ADJ
erjee-11843	6	22	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	6	23	tasks	task	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	24	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	6	25	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	26	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	27	applications	application	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	28	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	6	29	71	71	NUM
erjee-11843	6	30	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	31	overall	overall	ADJ
erjee-11843	6	32	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	6	33	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	34	score	score	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	35	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	6	36	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	6	37	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	6	38	struggle	struggle	VERB
erjee-11843	6	39	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	6	40	critically	critically	ADV
erjee-11843	6	41	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
erjee-11843	6	42	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	6	43	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	44	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	6	45	cybersecurity	cybersecurity	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	46	practices	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	6	47	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	7	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	7	2	results	result	NOUN
erjee-11843	7	3	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
erjee-11843	7	4	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	7	5	need	need	NOUN
erjee-11843	7	6	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	7	7	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	7	8	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
erjee-11843	7	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	7	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	7	11	including	include	VERB
erjee-11843	7	12	targeted	target	VERB
erjee-11843	7	13	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	7	14	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	7	15	training	training	NOUN
erjee-11843	7	16	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	7	17	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	7	18	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	7	19	environments	environment	NOUN
erjee-11843	7	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	7	21	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	7	22	enhance	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	7	23	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	7	24	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	7	25	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	7	26	technological	technological	ADJ
erjee-11843	7	27	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	7	28	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	7	29	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	8	1	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	8	2	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	8	3	contributes	contribute	VERB
erjee-11843	8	4	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	8	5	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	8	6	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	8	7	implementation	implementation	NOUN
erjee-11843	8	8	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	8	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	8	10	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	8	11	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	8	12	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	8	13	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	8	14	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	8	15	addressing	address	VERB
erjee-11843	8	16	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	8	17	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	8	18	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	8	19	faced	face	VERB
erjee-11843	8	20	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	8	21	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	8	22	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	8	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	8	24	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
erjee-11843	8	25	fostering	foster	VERB
erjee-11843	8	26	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	8	27	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
erjee-11843	8	28	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	8	29	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	8	30	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	8	31	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	8	32	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	8	33	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	8	34	professional	professional	ADJ
erjee-11843	8	35	contexts	contexts	NOUN
erjee-11843	8	36	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	9	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	9	2	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	9	3	imply	imply	VERB
erjee-11843	9	4	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	9	5	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	9	6	programs	program	NOUN
erjee-11843	9	7	should	should	AUX
erjee-11843	9	8	include	include	VERB
erjee-11843	9	9	targeted	target	VERB
erjee-11843	9	10	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	9	11	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	9	12	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	9	13	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	9	14	tackles	tackle	VERB
erjee-11843	9	15	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	9	16	thinking	thinking	NOUN
erjee-11843	9	17	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	9	18	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	9	19	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	9	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	10	1	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
erjee-11843	10	2	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	10	3	areas	area	NOUN
erjee-11843	10	4	will	will	AUX
erjee-11843	10	5	enable	enable	VERB
erjee-11843	10	6	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	10	7	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	10	8	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	10	9	effectively	effectively	ADV
erjee-11843	10	10	navigate	navigate	VERB
erjee-11843	10	11	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	10	12	settings	setting	NOUN
erjee-11843	10	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	10	14	promoting	promote	VERB
erjee-11843	10	15	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	10	16	achievement	achievement	NOUN
erjee-11843	10	17	as	as	ADV
erjee-11843	10	18	well	well	ADV
erjee-11843	10	19	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	10	20	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
erjee-11843	10	21	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	10	22	involvement	involvement	NOUN
erjee-11843	10	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	11	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	2	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	11	3	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	11	4	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	5	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	11	6	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	7	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	8	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	9	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	11	10	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	11	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	12	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	11	13	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	11	14	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	15	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	11	16	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	11	17	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	18	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	11	19	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	11	20	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	21	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	11	22	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	23	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	11	24	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	12	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
erjee-11843	12	2	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	12	3	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	12	4	has	have	AUX
erjee-11843	12	5	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	12	6	been	be	AUX
erjee-11843	12	7	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	12	8	exception	exception	NOUN
erjee-11843	12	9	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	12	10	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	12	11	growing	grow	VERB
erjee-11843	12	12	trend	trend	NOUN
erjee-11843	12	13	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	12	14	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	12	15	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	12	16	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	12	17	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	12	18	classroom	classroom	NOUN
erjee-11843	12	19	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	12	20	recent	recent	ADJ
erjee-11843	12	21	years	year	NOUN
erjee-11843	12	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	13	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	13	2	rapid	rapid	ADJ
erjee-11843	13	3	growth	growth	NOUN
erjee-11843	13	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	13	5	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	13	6	enables	enable	VERB
erjee-11843	13	7	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	13	8	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	13	9	try	try	VERB
erjee-11843	13	10	out	out	ADP
erjee-11843	13	11	cuttingedge	cuttingedge	ADJ
erjee-11843	13	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	13	13	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	13	14	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	13	15	today	today	NOUN
erjee-11843	13	16	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	13	17	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	13	18	natives	native	NOUN
erjee-11843	13	19	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	14	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	14	2	interaction	interaction	NOUN
erjee-11843	14	3	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
erjee-11843	14	4	states	state	VERB
erjee-11843	14	5	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	14	6	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	14	7	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
erjee-11843	14	8	occurs	occur	VERB
erjee-11843	14	9	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	14	10	contexts	context	NOUN
erjee-11843	14	11	where	where	SCONJ
erjee-11843	14	12	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	14	13	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	14	14	other	other	ADJ
erjee-11843	14	15	speakers	speaker	NOUN
erjee-11843	14	16	interact	interact	VERB
erjee-11843	14	17	regularly	regularly	ADV
erjee-11843	14	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	15	1	given	give	VERB
erjee-11843	15	2	how	how	SCONJ
erjee-11843	15	3	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
erjee-11843	15	4	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	15	5	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	15	6	developing	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	15	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	15	8	changing	change	VERB
erjee-11843	15	9	our	our	PRON
erjee-11843	15	10	daily	daily	ADJ
erjee-11843	15	11	lives	life	NOUN
erjee-11843	15	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	15	13	it	it	PRON
erjee-11843	15	14	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	15	15	imperative	imperative	ADJ
erjee-11843	15	16	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	15	17	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	15	18	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	15	19	have	have	VERB
erjee-11843	15	20	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	15	21	necessary	necessary	ADJ
erjee-11843	15	22	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	15	23	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	15	24	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	15	25	order	order	NOUN
erjee-11843	15	26	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	15	27	successfully	successfully	ADV
erjee-11843	15	28	integrate	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	15	29	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	15	30	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	15	31	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	15	32	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	15	33	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	15	34	beetham	beetham	PROPN
erjee-11843	15	35	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	15	36	sharpe	sharpe	PROPN
erjee-11843	15	37	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	15	38	2014	2014	NUM
erjee-11843	15	39	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	15	40	tomita	tomita	PROPN
erjee-11843	15	41	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	15	42	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	15	43	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	15	44	un	un	PROPN
erjee-11843	15	45	secretarygeneral	secretarygeneral	PROPN
erjee-11843	15	46	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	15	47	high	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	15	48	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	15	49	level	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	15	50	panel	panel	NOUN
erjee-11843	15	51	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	15	52	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	15	53	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	15	54	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	16	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	16	2	short	short	ADJ
erjee-11843	16	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	16	4	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	16	5	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	16	6	must	must	AUX
erjee-11843	16	7	develop	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	16	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	16	9	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	16	10	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	16	11	integrate	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	16	12	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	16	13	effectively	effectively	ADV
erjee-11843	16	14	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	16	15	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	16	16	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	16	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	16	18	keeping	keep	VERB
erjee-11843	16	19	pace	pace	NOUN
erjee-11843	16	20	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	16	21	rapid	rapid	ADJ
erjee-11843	16	22	technological	technological	ADJ
erjee-11843	16	23	advancements	advancement	NOUN
erjee-11843	16	24	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	17	1	according	accord	VERB
erjee-11843	17	2	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	17	3	howard	howard	PROPN
erjee-11843	17	4	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	17	5	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	17	6	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	17	7	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	17	8	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	17	9	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	17	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	17	11	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	17	12	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
erjee-11843	17	13	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	17	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	17	15	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	17	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	17	17	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	17	18	mindsets	mindset	NOUN
erjee-11843	17	19	required	require	VERB
erjee-11843	17	20	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	17	21	utilizing	utilize	VERB
erjee-11843	17	22	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	17	23	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	17	24	responsibly	responsibly	ADV
erjee-11843	17	25	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	17	26	effectively	effectively	ADV
erjee-11843	17	27	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	17	28	collectively	collectively	ADV
erjee-11843	17	29	referred	refer	VERB
erjee-11843	17	30	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	17	31	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	17	32	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	17	33	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	17	34	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	18	1	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	18	2	providing	provide	VERB
erjee-11843	18	3	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	18	4	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	18	5	access	access	NOUN
erjee-11843	18	6	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	18	7	real	real	ADJ
erjee-11843	18	8	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	18	9	world	world	NOUN
erjee-11843	18	10	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	18	11	apa	apa	PROPN
erjee-11843	18	12	citation	citation	NOUN
erjee-11843	18	13	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	18	14	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	18	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	18	16	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	18	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	18	18	zakky	zakky	PROPN
erjee-11843	18	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	18	20	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	18	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	18	22	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	18	23	yuliana	yuliana	PROPN
erjee-11843	18	24	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	18	25	d.	d.	PROPN
erjee-11843	18	26	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	18	27	2025	2025	NUM
erjee-11843	18	28	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	18	29	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	19	1	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	19	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	19	3	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	19	4	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	19	5	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	19	6	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	19	7	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	19	8	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	19	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	19	10	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	19	11	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	19	12	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	19	13	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	19	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	20	1	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	20	2	review	review	PROPN
erjee-11843	20	3	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	20	4	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	20	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	20	6	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	20	7	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	20	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	20	9	13(1	13(1	NUM
erjee-11843	20	10	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	20	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	20	12	677	677	NUM
erjee-11843	20	13	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	20	14	690	690	NUM
erjee-11843	20	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	20	16	https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v13i2.11843	https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v13i2.11843	PUNCT
erjee-11843	21	1	mailto:ikhfi.imaniah@umt.ac.id	mailto:ikhfi.imaniah@umt.ac.id	PROPN
erjee-11843	21	2	ikhfi	ikhfi	ADJ
erjee-11843	21	3	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	21	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	21	5	akhmad	akhmad	PROPN
erjee-11843	21	6	zakky	zakky	VERB
erjee-11843	21	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	22	1	deni	deni	PROPN
erjee-11843	22	2	yuliana	yuliana	PROPN
erjee-11843	22	3	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	22	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	22	5	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	22	7	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	8	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	9	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	10	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	22	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	12	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	22	13	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	22	14	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	15	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	22	16	678	678	NUM
erjee-11843	22	17	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	22	19	interactive	interactive	ADJ
erjee-11843	22	20	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	21	exercises	exercise	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	22	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	22	23	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	22	24	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	25	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	22	26	interaction	interaction	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	27	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	22	28	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	29	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	22	30	other	other	ADJ
erjee-11843	22	31	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	32	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	22	33	native	native	ADJ
erjee-11843	22	34	speakers	speaker	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	35	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	22	36	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	22	37	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	38	might	might	AUX
erjee-11843	22	39	enhance	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	22	40	teaching	teach	VERB
erjee-11843	22	41	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	22	42	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	22	43	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	22	44	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	45	classes	class	NOUN
erjee-11843	22	46	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
erjee-11843	23	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	3	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	23	4	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	23	5	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	23	6	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	7	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	23	8	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	9	instruction	instruction	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	12	may	may	AUX
erjee-11843	23	13	provide	provide	VERB
erjee-11843	23	14	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	23	15	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	23	16	individualized	individualized	ADJ
erjee-11843	23	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	18	student	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	19	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	20	centred	centre	VERB
erjee-11843	23	21	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	22	experience	experience	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	23	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	23	24	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	23	25	tailored	tailor	VERB
erjee-11843	23	26	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	23	27	each	each	DET
erjee-11843	23	28	student	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	29	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	23	30	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	23	31	needs	need	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	32	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	23	33	interests	interest	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	34	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	35	braslavska	braslavska	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	36	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	23	37	ozerova	ozerova	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	38	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	39	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	23	40	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	41	caviglia	caviglia	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	42	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	43	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	44	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	45	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	46	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	47	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	48	inamorato	inamorato	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	49	dos	do	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	50	santos	santos	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	51	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	52	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	53	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	54	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	55	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	23	56	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	57	kassymova	kassymova	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	58	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	59	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	60	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	61	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	62	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	23	63	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	64	kreuder	kreuder	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	65	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	66	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	67	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	68	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	69	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	70	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	71	pan	pan	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	72	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	73	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	74	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	75	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	76	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	77	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	78	priyantin	priyantin	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	79	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	23	80	herawati	herawati	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	81	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	82	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	23	83	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	84	scheel	scheel	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	85	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	86	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	87	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	88	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	89	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	23	90	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	91	serajuddin	serajuddin	VERB
erjee-11843	23	92	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	93	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	23	94	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	95	spivak	spivak	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	96	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	97	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	98	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	99	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	100	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	101	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	102	tawafak	tawafak	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	103	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	104	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	105	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	106	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	107	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	23	108	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	109	tomczyk	tomczyk	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	110	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	23	111	edisherashvili	edisherashvili	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	112	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	113	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	114	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	115	tóth	tóth	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	116	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	117	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	118	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	119	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	120	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	23	121	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	122	yadav	yadav	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	123	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	124	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	125	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	126	zakharevych	zakharevych	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	127	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	23	128	hryhorenko	hryhorenko	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	129	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	130	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	131	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	132	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	23	133	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	23	134	era	era	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	135	marked	mark	VERB
erjee-11843	23	136	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	23	137	rapid	rapid	ADJ
erjee-11843	23	138	technological	technological	ADJ
erjee-11843	23	139	advancement	advancement	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	140	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	141	jegadeesan	jegadeesan	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	142	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	23	143	akkara	akkara	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	144	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	145	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	146	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	147	sari	sari	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	148	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	23	149	abrar	abrar	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	150	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	151	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	152	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	153	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	154	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	23	155	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	23	156	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	157	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	23	158	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	159	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	160	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	23	161	essential	essential	ADJ
erjee-11843	23	162	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	23	163	prepare	prepare	VERB
erjee-11843	23	164	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	165	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	23	166	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	23	167	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	168	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	23	169	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	23	170	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	23	171	age	age	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	172	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	173	cao	cao	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	174	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	175	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	176	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	177	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	178	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	23	179	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	180	mirzayunusova	mirzayunusova	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	181	zi	zi	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	182	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	23	183	azamjonov	azamjonov	VERB
erjee-11843	23	184	aa	aa	NOUN
erjee-11843	23	185	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	186	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	187	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	188	normuratova	normuratova	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	189	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	190	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	191	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	192	subkhi	subkhi	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	193	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	23	194	tyas	tyas	PROPN
erjee-11843	23	195	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	196	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	23	197	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	23	198	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	24	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	24	2	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	24	3	encompasses	encompass	VERB
erjee-11843	24	4	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	24	5	broad	broad	ADJ
erjee-11843	24	6	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
erjee-11843	24	7	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	24	8	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	24	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	24	10	ranging	range	VERB
erjee-11843	24	11	from	from	ADP
erjee-11843	24	12	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	24	13	search	search	NOUN
erjee-11843	24	14	techniques	technique	NOUN
erjee-11843	24	15	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	24	16	effective	effective	VERB
erjee-11843	24	17	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	24	18	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	24	19	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	24	20	buchholz	buchholz	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	21	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	22	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	23	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	24	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	24	25	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	24	26	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	24	27	ferrari	ferrari	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	28	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	24	29	2013	2013	NUM
erjee-11843	24	30	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	24	31	hsu	hsu	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	32	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	33	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	34	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	35	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	24	36	2011	2011	NUM
erjee-11843	24	37	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	24	38	sá	sá	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	39	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	40	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	41	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	24	42	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	24	43	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	24	44	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	24	45	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	25	1	navigating	navigate	VERB
erjee-11843	25	2	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	25	3	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	25	4	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	25	5	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	25	6	foreign	foreign	ADJ
erjee-11843	25	7	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	25	8	second	second	ADJ
erjee-11843	25	9	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	25	10	poses	pose	VERB
erjee-11843	25	11	unique	unique	ADJ
erjee-11843	25	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	25	13	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	25	14	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	25	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	26	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	3	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	26	4	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	26	5	play	play	VERB
erjee-11843	26	6	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	26	7	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
erjee-11843	26	8	role	role	NOUN
erjee-11843	26	9	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	26	10	mitigating	mitigate	VERB
erjee-11843	26	11	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	26	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	26	13	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	26	14	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
erjee-11843	26	15	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
erjee-11843	26	16	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	26	17	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	26	18	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	26	19	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	26	20	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	26	21	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	26	22	lessons	lesson	NOUN
erjee-11843	26	23	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	24	azzahra	azzahra	PROPN
erjee-11843	26	25	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	26	26	amanta	amanta	PROPN
erjee-11843	26	27	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	28	2019	2019	NUM
erjee-11843	26	29	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	30	mardiah	mardiah	PROPN
erjee-11843	26	31	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	32	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	26	33	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	34	normuratova	normuratova	PROPN
erjee-11843	26	35	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	36	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	26	37	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	38	özden	özden	VERB
erjee-11843	26	39	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	40	2018	2018	NUM
erjee-11843	26	41	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	42	subkhi	subkhi	PROPN
erjee-11843	26	43	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	26	44	tyas	tyas	PROPN
erjee-11843	26	45	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	46	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	26	47	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	48	zhang	zhang	PROPN
erjee-11843	26	49	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	26	50	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	26	51	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	26	52	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	53	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	26	54	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	26	55	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	27	1	it	it	PRON
erjee-11843	27	2	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	27	3	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	27	4	difficult	difficult	ADJ
erjee-11843	27	5	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	27	6	integrate	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	27	7	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	27	8	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	27	9	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	27	10	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
erjee-11843	27	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	28	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	28	2	addition	addition	NOUN
erjee-11843	28	3	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	28	4	navigating	navigate	VERB
erjee-11843	28	5	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	28	6	wide	wide	ADJ
erjee-11843	28	7	range	range	NOUN
erjee-11843	28	8	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	28	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	28	10	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	28	11	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	28	12	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	28	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	28	14	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	28	15	also	also	ADV
erjee-11843	28	16	need	need	VERB
erjee-11843	28	17	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	28	18	stay	stay	VERB
erjee-11843	28	19	up	up	ADP
erjee-11843	28	20	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	28	21	date	date	NOUN
erjee-11843	28	22	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	28	23	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	28	24	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
erjee-11843	28	25	evolving	evolve	VERB
erjee-11843	28	26	technological	technological	ADJ
erjee-11843	28	27	world	world	NOUN
erjee-11843	28	28	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	28	29	make	make	VERB
erjee-11843	28	30	sure	sure	ADJ
erjee-11843	28	31	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	28	32	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	28	33	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	28	34	utilized	utilize	VERB
erjee-11843	28	35	appropriately	appropriately	ADV
erjee-11843	28	36	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	28	37	effectively	effectively	ADV
erjee-11843	28	38	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	28	39	li	li	PROPN
erjee-11843	28	40	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	28	41	2019	2019	NUM
erjee-11843	28	42	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	28	43	mathai	mathai	PROPN
erjee-11843	28	44	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	28	45	arumugam	arumugam	PROPN
erjee-11843	28	46	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	28	47	2016	2016	NUM
erjee-11843	28	48	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	28	49	thomas	thomas	PROPN
erjee-11843	28	50	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	28	51	2014	2014	NUM
erjee-11843	28	52	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	28	53	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	29	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
erjee-11843	29	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	29	3	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	29	4	must	must	AUX
erjee-11843	29	5	ensure	ensure	VERB
erjee-11843	29	6	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	29	7	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	29	8	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	29	9	does	do	AUX
erjee-11843	29	10	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	29	11	overshadow	overshadow	VERB
erjee-11843	29	12	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	29	13	core	core	ADJ
erjee-11843	29	14	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
erjee-11843	29	15	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	29	16	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	29	17	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	29	18	need	need	VERB
erjee-11843	29	19	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	29	20	develop	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	29	21	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	30	1	balancing	balance	VERB
erjee-11843	30	2	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	30	3	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	30	5	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	6	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	30	7	traditional	traditional	ADJ
erjee-11843	30	8	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	10	methods	method	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	11	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	30	12	crucial	crucial	ADJ
erjee-11843	30	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	30	14	as	as	SCONJ
erjee-11843	30	15	over	over	ADP
erjee-11843	30	16	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	30	17	reliance	reliance	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	18	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	30	19	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	30	20	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	21	may	may	AUX
erjee-11843	30	22	hinder	hinder	VERB
erjee-11843	30	23	faceto	faceto	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	24	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	30	25	face	face	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	26	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	27	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	28	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	30	29	deeper	deep	ADJ
erjee-11843	30	30	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	31	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
erjee-11843	30	32	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	31	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
erjee-11843	31	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	31	3	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	31	4	’	’	PART
erjee-11843	31	5	varying	vary	VERB
erjee-11843	31	6	levels	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	31	7	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	31	8	access	access	NOUN
erjee-11843	31	9	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	31	10	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	31	11	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	31	12	create	create	VERB
erjee-11843	31	13	disparities	disparity	NOUN
erjee-11843	31	14	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	31	15	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	31	16	experiences	experience	NOUN
erjee-11843	31	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	32	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
erjee-11843	32	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	32	3	it	it	PRON
erjee-11843	32	4	becomes	become	VERB
erjee-11843	32	5	essential	essential	ADJ
erjee-11843	32	6	for	for	SCONJ
erjee-11843	32	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	32	8	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	32	9	design	design	VERB
erjee-11843	32	10	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
erjee-11843	32	11	lesson	lesson	NOUN
erjee-11843	32	12	plans	plan	NOUN
erjee-11843	32	13	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	32	14	accommodate	accommodate	VERB
erjee-11843	32	15	diverse	diverse	ADJ
erjee-11843	32	16	technological	technological	ADJ
erjee-11843	32	17	proficiencies	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	32	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	32	19	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	32	20	also	also	ADV
erjee-11843	32	21	providing	provide	VERB
erjee-11843	32	22	support	support	NOUN
erjee-11843	32	23	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	32	24	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	32	25	who	who	PRON
erjee-11843	32	26	may	may	AUX
erjee-11843	32	27	struggle	struggle	VERB
erjee-11843	32	28	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	32	29	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	32	30	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	32	31	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	32	32	bharathi	bharathi	NOUN
erjee-11843	32	33	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	32	34	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	32	35	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	32	36	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	33	1	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
erjee-11843	33	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	33	3	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	33	4	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	33	5	should	should	AUX
erjee-11843	33	6	enhance	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	33	7	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	33	8	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	33	9	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	33	10	fostering	foster	VERB
erjee-11843	33	11	interactive	interactive	ADJ
erjee-11843	33	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	33	13	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	33	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	33	15	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	33	16	engaging	engage	VERB
erjee-11843	33	17	educational	educational	ADJ
erjee-11843	33	18	environments	environment	NOUN
erjee-11843	33	19	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	33	20	prepare	prepare	VERB
erjee-11843	33	21	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	33	22	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	33	23	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	33	24	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	33	25	demands	demand	NOUN
erjee-11843	33	26	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	33	27	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	33	28	modern	modern	ADJ
erjee-11843	33	29	world	world	NOUN
erjee-11843	33	30	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	34	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	34	2	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	34	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	34	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	34	5	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	34	6	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	34	7	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	34	8	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	34	9	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	34	10	guided	guide	VERB
erjee-11843	34	11	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	34	12	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	34	13	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	34	14	models	model	NOUN
erjee-11843	34	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	34	16	which	which	PRON
erjee-11843	34	17	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	34	18	crucial	crucial	ADJ
erjee-11843	34	19	frameworks	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	34	20	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	34	21	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	34	22	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	34	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	35	1	given	give	VERB
erjee-11843	35	2	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	35	3	rapid	rapid	ADJ
erjee-11843	35	4	pace	pace	NOUN
erjee-11843	35	5	at	at	ADP
erjee-11843	35	6	which	which	PRON
erjee-11843	35	7	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	35	8	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	35	9	developing	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	35	10	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	35	11	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	35	12	trend	trend	NOUN
erjee-11843	35	13	towards	towards	ADP
erjee-11843	35	14	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	35	15	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	35	16	environments	environment	NOUN
erjee-11843	35	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	35	18	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	35	19	models	model	NOUN
erjee-11843	35	20	address	address	VERB
erjee-11843	35	21	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	35	22	necessity	necessity	NOUN
erjee-11843	35	23	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	35	24	teachers	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	35	25	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	35	26	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	35	27	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	35	28	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	35	29	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	35	30	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	35	31	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	35	32	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	35	33	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
erjee-11843	35	34	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	36	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	36	2	order	order	NOUN
erjee-11843	36	3	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	36	4	improve	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	36	5	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	36	6	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	36	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	36	8	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	36	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	36	10	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	36	11	models	model	NOUN
erjee-11843	36	12	place	place	VERB
erjee-11843	36	13	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	36	14	strong	strong	ADJ
erjee-11843	36	15	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
erjee-11843	36	16	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	36	17	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	36	18	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	36	19	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	36	20	abilities	ability	NOUN
erjee-11843	36	21	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	36	22	allow	allow	VERB
erjee-11843	36	23	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	36	24	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	36	25	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	36	26	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	36	27	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	36	28	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	36	29	browse	browse	VERB
erjee-11843	36	30	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	36	31	assess	assess	VERB
erjee-11843	36	32	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	36	33	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	36	34	produce	produce	VERB
erjee-11843	36	35	information	information	NOUN
erjee-11843	36	36	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	37	1	previous	previous	ADJ
erjee-11843	37	2	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	37	3	have	have	AUX
erjee-11843	37	4	extensively	extensively	ADV
erjee-11843	37	5	explored	explore	VERB
erjee-11843	37	6	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	37	7	role	role	NOUN
erjee-11843	37	8	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	37	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	37	10	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	37	11	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	37	12	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	37	13	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	37	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	37	15	yet	yet	CCONJ
erjee-11843	37	16	significant	significant	ADJ
erjee-11843	37	17	gaps	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	37	18	remain	remain	VERB
erjee-11843	37	19	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	37	20	understanding	understanding	NOUN
erjee-11843	37	21	how	how	SCONJ
erjee-11843	37	22	adult	adult	ADJ
erjee-11843	37	23	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	37	24	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	37	25	develop	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	37	26	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	37	27	apply	apply	VERB
erjee-11843	37	28	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	37	29	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	37	30	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	37	31	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	37	32	settings	setting	NOUN
erjee-11843	37	33	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	38	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	38	2	south	south	PROPN
erjee-11843	38	3	pacific	pacific	PROPN
erjee-11843	38	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	38	5	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	38	6	framework	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	38	7	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	38	8	spdlf	spdlf	PROPN
erjee-11843	38	9	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	38	10	focuses	focus	VERB
erjee-11843	38	11	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	38	12	six	six	NUM
erjee-11843	38	13	essential	essential	ADJ
erjee-11843	38	14	literacies	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	38	15	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	38	16	bridge	bridge	VERB
erjee-11843	38	17	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	38	18	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	38	19	gaps	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	38	20	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	38	21	reddy	reddy	PROPN
erjee-11843	38	22	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	38	23	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	38	24	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	38	25	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	38	26	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	38	27	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	38	28	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	38	29	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	38	30	fadilah	fadilah	ADJ
erjee-11843	38	31	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	38	32	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	38	33	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	38	34	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
erjee-11843	38	35	human	human	ADJ
erjee-11843	38	36	transformation	transformation	NOUN
erjee-11843	38	37	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	38	38	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
erjee-11843	38	39	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	38	40	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	38	41	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	38	42	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	38	43	framework	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	38	44	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	39	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	39	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	39	3	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	39	4	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	39	5	primarily	primarily	ADV
erjee-11843	39	6	address	address	VERB
erjee-11843	39	7	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	39	8	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	39	9	from	from	ADP
erjee-11843	39	10	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	39	11	broad	broad	ADJ
erjee-11843	39	12	educational	educational	ADJ
erjee-11843	39	13	perspective	perspective	NOUN
erjee-11843	39	14	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	39	15	do	do	AUX
erjee-11843	39	16	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	39	17	specifically	specifically	ADV
erjee-11843	39	18	consider	consider	VERB
erjee-11843	39	19	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	39	20	unique	unique	ADJ
erjee-11843	39	21	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	39	22	faced	face	VERB
erjee-11843	39	23	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	39	24	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	39	25	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	39	26	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	39	27	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	39	28	whose	whose	DET
erjee-11843	39	29	limited	limited	ADJ
erjee-11843	39	30	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	39	31	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	39	32	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	39	33	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	39	34	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	39	35	may	may	AUX
erjee-11843	39	36	hinder	hinder	VERB
erjee-11843	39	37	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	39	38	ability	ability	NOUN
erjee-11843	39	39	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	39	40	acquire	acquire	VERB
erjee-11843	39	41	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	39	42	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	39	43	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	40	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
erjee-11843	40	2	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	40	3	frameworks	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	40	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	40	5	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	40	6	present	present	ADJ
erjee-11843	40	7	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	40	8	evaluates	evaluate	VERB
erjee-11843	40	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	40	10	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	40	11	within	within	ADP
erjee-11843	40	12	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	40	13	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	40	14	context	context	NOUN
erjee-11843	40	15	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	40	16	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	40	17	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	40	18	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	40	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	40	20	recognizing	recognize	VERB
erjee-11843	40	21	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	40	22	diverse	diverse	ADJ
erjee-11843	40	23	backgrounds	background	NOUN
erjee-11843	40	24	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	40	25	varying	vary	VERB
erjee-11843	40	26	levels	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	40	27	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	40	28	experience	experience	NOUN
erjee-11843	40	29	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	40	30	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	40	31	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	41	1	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	41	2	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	41	3	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	41	4	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	41	5	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	41	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	41	7	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	41	8	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	41	9	has	have	AUX
erjee-11843	41	10	also	also	ADV
erjee-11843	41	11	revealed	reveal	VERB
erjee-11843	41	12	gaps	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	41	13	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	41	14	teacher	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	41	15	preparedness	preparedness	NOUN
erjee-11843	41	16	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	41	17	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
erjee-11843	41	18	approaches	approach	NOUN
erjee-11843	41	19	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	42	1	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	42	2	example	example	NOUN
erjee-11843	42	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	42	4	giannikas	giannikas	VERB
erjee-11843	42	5	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	42	6	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	42	7	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	42	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	42	9	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	42	10	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	42	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	42	12	explored	explore	VERB
erjee-11843	42	13	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	42	14	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	42	15	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	42	16	cyprus	cyprus	PROPN
erjee-11843	42	17	through	through	ADP
erjee-11843	42	18	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	42	19	lens	lens	NOUN
erjee-11843	42	20	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	42	21	complex	complex	ADJ
erjee-11843	42	22	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
erjee-11843	42	23	systems	system	NOUN
erjee-11843	42	24	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	42	25	highlighting	highlight	VERB
erjee-11843	42	26	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
erjee-11843	42	27	between	between	ADP
erjee-11843	42	28	teachers	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	42	29	perceived	perceive	VERB
erjee-11843	42	30	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	42	31	actual	actual	ADJ
erjee-11843	42	32	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	42	33	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	42	34	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	43	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
erjee-11843	43	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	43	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	43	4	santos	santos	PROPN
erjee-11843	43	5	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	43	6	boa	boa	PROPN
erjee-11843	43	7	sorte	sorte	PROPN
erjee-11843	43	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	43	9	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	43	10	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	43	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	43	12	examined	examine	VERB
erjee-11843	43	13	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	43	14	literacies	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	43	15	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	43	16	social	social	ADJ
erjee-11843	43	17	practices	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	43	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	43	19	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
erjee-11843	43	20	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
erjee-11843	43	21	technological	technological	ADJ
erjee-11843	43	22	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	43	23	rather	rather	ADV
erjee-11843	43	24	than	than	ADP
erjee-11843	43	25	isolated	isolated	ADJ
erjee-11843	43	26	tool	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	43	27	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	43	28	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	44	1	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	44	2	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	44	3	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	4	contribute	contribute	VERB
erjee-11843	44	5	valuable	valuable	ADJ
erjee-11843	44	6	insights	insight	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	7	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	44	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	44	9	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	10	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	44	11	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	44	13	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	44	14	focus	focus	VERB
erjee-11843	44	15	primarily	primarily	ADV
erjee-11843	44	16	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	44	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	18	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	19	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	44	20	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	21	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	44	22	review	review	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	23	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	44	24	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	25	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	44	26	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	44	27	education	education	PROPN
erjee-11843	44	28	p	p	PROPN
erjee-11843	44	29	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	44	30	issn	issn	PROPN
erjee-11843	44	31	2301	2301	NUM
erjee-11843	44	32	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	44	33	7554	7554	NUM
erjee-11843	44	34	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	44	35	e	e	X
erjee-11843	44	36	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	44	37	issn	issn	VERB
erjee-11843	44	38	2541	2541	NUM
erjee-11843	44	39	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	44	40	3643	3643	NUM
erjee-11843	44	41	volume	volume	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	42	13	13	NUM
erjee-11843	44	43	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	44	44	issue	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	45	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	44	46	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	44	47	june	june	PROPN
erjee-11843	44	48	2025	2025	NUM
erjee-11843	44	49	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	PROPN
erjee-11843	44	50	679	679	NUM
erjee-11843	44	51	adoption	adoption	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	52	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	44	53	leaving	leave	VERB
erjee-11843	44	54	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	44	55	gap	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	56	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	44	57	understanding	understanding	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	58	how	how	SCONJ
erjee-11843	44	59	adult	adult	ADJ
erjee-11843	44	60	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	61	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	62	themselves	themselves	PRON
erjee-11843	44	63	navigate	navigate	VERB
erjee-11843	44	64	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	44	65	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	66	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	44	67	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	44	68	settings	setting	NOUN
erjee-11843	44	69	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	45	1	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	45	2	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	3	addresses	address	VERB
erjee-11843	45	4	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	45	5	gap	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	6	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	45	7	assessing	assess	VERB
erjee-11843	45	8	five	five	NUM
erjee-11843	45	9	key	key	ADJ
erjee-11843	45	10	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	11	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	45	12	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	45	13	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	14	—	—	PUNCT
erjee-11843	45	15	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	45	16	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	45	17	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	45	19	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	20	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	45	22	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	45	23	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	24	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	45	25	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	26	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	45	27	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	28	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	45	29	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	45	30	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	45	31	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	32	—	—	PUNCT
erjee-11843	45	33	specifically	specifically	ADV
erjee-11843	45	34	among	among	ADP
erjee-11843	45	35	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	36	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	45	37	level	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	38	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	39	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	40	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	45	41	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	46	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
erjee-11843	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	46	3	empirical	empirical	ADJ
erjee-11843	46	4	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	46	5	have	have	AUX
erjee-11843	46	6	established	establish	VERB
erjee-11843	46	7	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	46	8	positive	positive	ADJ
erjee-11843	46	9	correlation	correlation	NOUN
erjee-11843	46	10	between	between	ADP
erjee-11843	46	11	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	46	12	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	46	13	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	46	14	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	46	15	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	46	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	47	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	47	2	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
erjee-11843	47	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	47	4	wahyuddin	wahyuddin	VERB
erjee-11843	47	5	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	47	6	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	47	7	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	47	8	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	47	9	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	47	10	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	47	11	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
erjee-11843	47	12	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	47	13	blended	blended	ADJ
erjee-11843	47	14	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	47	15	environments	environment	NOUN
erjee-11843	47	16	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	47	17	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	47	18	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	47	19	significantly	significantly	ADV
erjee-11843	47	20	improved	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	47	21	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	47	22	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	47	23	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	47	24	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	48	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	48	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	48	3	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	48	4	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	5	does	do	AUX
erjee-11843	48	6	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	48	7	detail	detail	VERB
erjee-11843	48	8	which	which	DET
erjee-11843	48	9	aspects	aspect	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	10	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	48	11	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	48	12	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	13	contribute	contribute	VERB
erjee-11843	48	14	most	most	ADV
erjee-11843	48	15	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	48	16	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	17	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	48	18	success	success	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	48	20	nor	nor	CCONJ
erjee-11843	48	21	does	do	AUX
erjee-11843	48	22	it	it	PRON
erjee-11843	48	23	highlight	highlight	VERB
erjee-11843	48	24	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	25	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	48	26	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	48	27	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	48	28	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	29	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	48	30	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	48	31	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	32	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	48	33	cybersecurity	cybersecurity	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	34	awareness	awareness	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	35	—	—	PUNCT
erjee-11843	48	36	both	both	PRON
erjee-11843	48	37	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	48	38	which	which	PRON
erjee-11843	48	39	were	be	AUX
erjee-11843	48	40	identified	identify	VERB
erjee-11843	48	41	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	48	42	weak	weak	ADJ
erjee-11843	48	43	areas	area	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	44	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	48	45	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	48	46	present	present	ADJ
erjee-11843	48	47	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	48	48	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	49	1	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	49	2	examining	examine	VERB
erjee-11843	49	3	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	4	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	5	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	6	’	’	PART
erjee-11843	49	7	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	49	8	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	9	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	49	10	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
erjee-11843	49	11	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	49	12	content	content	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	13	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	49	14	navigating	navigate	VERB
erjee-11843	49	15	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	49	16	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	49	18	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	49	19	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	20	builds	build	VERB
erjee-11843	49	21	upon	upon	SCONJ
erjee-11843	49	22	previous	previous	ADJ
erjee-11843	49	23	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	24	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	49	25	provides	provide	VERB
erjee-11843	49	26	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	49	27	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	49	28	targeted	target	VERB
erjee-11843	49	29	approach	approach	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	30	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	49	31	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	49	32	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	33	training	training	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	34	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	49	35	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	36	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	49	37	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	50	1	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
erjee-11843	50	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	50	3	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	50	4	prior	prior	ADJ
erjee-11843	50	5	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	6	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
erjee-11843	50	7	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
erjee-11843	50	8	frameworks	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	50	10	teacher	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	11	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	50	13	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	50	14	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	50	15	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	50	16	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	17	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	50	18	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	19	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	50	21	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	50	22	do	do	AUX
erjee-11843	50	23	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	50	24	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
erjee-11843	50	25	address	address	VERB
erjee-11843	50	26	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	50	27	practical	practical	ADJ
erjee-11843	50	28	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	29	faced	face	VERB
erjee-11843	50	30	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	50	31	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	32	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	33	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	34	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	50	35	applying	apply	VERB
erjee-11843	50	36	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	50	37	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	38	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	50	39	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	50	40	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	50	41	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	50	42	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
erjee-11843	50	43	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	50	44	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	51	1	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	51	2	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	3	bridges	bridge	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	4	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	51	5	gap	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	6	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	51	7	offering	offer	VERB
erjee-11843	51	8	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	51	9	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
erjee-11843	51	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	11	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	51	12	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	13	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	14	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	51	15	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	51	16	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	51	18	identifying	identify	VERB
erjee-11843	51	19	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	51	20	weaknesses	weakness	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	51	22	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	51	23	proposing	propose	VERB
erjee-11843	51	24	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	51	25	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
erjee-11843	51	26	interventions	intervention	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	27	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	51	28	enhance	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	51	29	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	51	30	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	31	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	32	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	51	33	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	51	34	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
erjee-11843	51	35	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	52	1	method	method	VERB
erjee-11843	52	2	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	52	3	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
erjee-11843	52	4	survey	survey	NOUN
erjee-11843	52	5	method	method	NOUN
erjee-11843	52	6	was	be	AUX
erjee-11843	52	7	employed	employ	VERB
erjee-11843	52	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	52	9	involving	involve	VERB
erjee-11843	52	10	56	56	NUM
erjee-11843	52	11	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	52	12	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	52	13	level	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	52	14	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	52	15	leaners	leaner	NOUN
erjee-11843	52	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	53	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	53	2	participants	participant	NOUN
erjee-11843	53	3	varied	varied	ADJ
erjee-11843	53	4	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	53	5	age	age	NOUN
erjee-11843	53	6	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	53	7	19–35	19–35	NUM
erjee-11843	53	8	years	year	NOUN
erjee-11843	53	9	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	53	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	53	11	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	53	12	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	53	13	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	53	14	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
erjee-11843	53	15	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	53	16	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	53	17	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	53	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	53	19	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	53	20	prior	prior	ADJ
erjee-11843	53	21	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	53	22	experience	experience	NOUN
erjee-11843	53	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	54	2	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	3	utilized	utilize	VERB
erjee-11843	54	4	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	54	5	validated	validate	VERB
erjee-11843	54	6	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	7	adapted	adapt	VERB
erjee-11843	54	8	from	from	ADP
erjee-11843	54	9	digcomp	digcomp	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	10	2.1	2.1	NUM
erjee-11843	54	11	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	12	carretero	carretero	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	13	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	14	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	15	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	17	2017	2017	NUM
erjee-11843	54	18	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	20	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	21	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	54	22	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	23	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	54	24	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	25	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	26	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	27	moraes	moraes	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	28	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	29	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	54	30	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	31	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	32	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	54	33	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	34	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	54	35	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	36	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	37	american	american	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	38	library	library	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	39	association	association	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	40	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	41	2016	2016	NUM
erjee-11843	54	42	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	43	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	44	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	54	45	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	46	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	54	47	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	48	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	49	hackett	hackett	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	50	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	51	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	52	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	53	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	54	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	54	55	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	56	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	57	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	54	58	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	59	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	54	60	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	54	61	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	62	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	63	uk	uk	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	64	council	council	PROPN
erjee-11843	54	65	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	54	66	internet	internet	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	67	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	54	68	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	69	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	54	70	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	54	71	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	55	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	55	2	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
erjee-11843	55	3	used	use	VERB
erjee-11843	55	4	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	55	5	4	4	NUM
erjee-11843	55	6	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	55	7	point	point	NOUN
erjee-11843	55	8	likert	likert	ADJ
erjee-11843	55	9	scale	scale	NOUN
erjee-11843	55	10	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	55	11	responses	response	NOUN
erjee-11843	55	12	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	55	13	mumu	mumu	NOUN
erjee-11843	55	14	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	55	15	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	55	16	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	55	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	55	18	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	55	19	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	55	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	55	21	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	55	22	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	55	23	selecting	select	VERB
erjee-11843	55	24	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	55	25	option	option	NOUN
erjee-11843	55	26	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	55	27	best	well	ADV
erjee-11843	55	28	represented	represent	VERB
erjee-11843	55	29	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	55	30	confidence	confidence	NOUN
erjee-11843	55	31	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	55	32	frequency	frequency	NOUN
erjee-11843	55	33	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	56	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	56	2	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
erjee-11843	56	3	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	56	4	reliability	reliability	NOUN
erjee-11843	56	5	was	be	AUX
erjee-11843	56	6	confirmed	confirm	VERB
erjee-11843	56	7	through	through	ADP
erjee-11843	56	8	expert	expert	NOUN
erjee-11843	56	9	review	review	PROPN
erjee-11843	56	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	56	11	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	56	12	pilot	pilot	NOUN
erjee-11843	56	13	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	56	14	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	56	15	statistical	statistical	ADJ
erjee-11843	56	16	testing	testing	NOUN
erjee-11843	56	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	57	1	validity	validity	NOUN
erjee-11843	57	2	was	be	AUX
erjee-11843	57	3	established	establish	VERB
erjee-11843	57	4	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	57	5	corrected	correct	VERB
erjee-11843	57	6	item	item	NOUN
erjee-11843	57	7	total	total	ADJ
erjee-11843	57	8	correction	correction	NOUN
erjee-11843	57	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
erjee-11843	57	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	57	11	where	where	SCONJ
erjee-11843	57	12	all	all	DET
erjee-11843	57	13	20	20	NUM
erjee-11843	57	14	items	item	NOUN
erjee-11843	57	15	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
erjee-11843	57	16	correlations	correlation	NOUN
erjee-11843	57	17	between	between	ADP
erjee-11843	57	18	0.600	0.600	NUM
erjee-11843	57	19	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	57	20	0.900	0.900	NUM
erjee-11843	57	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	57	22	indicating	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	57	23	strong	strong	ADJ
erjee-11843	57	24	validity	validity	NOUN
erjee-11843	57	25	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	58	1	reliability	reliability	NOUN
erjee-11843	58	2	was	be	AUX
erjee-11843	58	3	assessed	assess	VERB
erjee-11843	58	4	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	58	5	cronbach	cronbach	PROPN
erjee-11843	58	6	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	58	7	alpha	alpha	NOUN
erjee-11843	58	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	58	9	resulting	result	VERB
erjee-11843	58	10	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	58	11	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	58	12	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
erjee-11843	58	13	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	58	14	0.912	0.912	NUM
erjee-11843	58	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	58	16	reflecting	reflect	VERB
erjee-11843	58	17	excellent	excellent	ADJ
erjee-11843	58	18	internal	internal	ADJ
erjee-11843	58	19	consistency	consistency	NOUN
erjee-11843	58	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	59	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	59	2	results	result	NOUN
erjee-11843	59	3	confirm	confirm	VERB
erjee-11843	59	4	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	59	5	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	59	6	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
erjee-11843	59	7	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	59	8	both	both	CCONJ
erjee-11843	59	9	valid	valid	ADJ
erjee-11843	59	10	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	59	11	reliable	reliable	ADJ
erjee-11843	59	12	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	59	13	measuring	measure	VERB
erjee-11843	59	14	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	59	15	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	59	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	60	1	responses	response	NOUN
erjee-11843	60	2	were	be	AUX
erjee-11843	60	3	recorded	record	VERB
erjee-11843	60	4	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	60	5	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	60	6	4	4	NUM
erjee-11843	60	7	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	60	8	point	point	NOUN
erjee-11843	60	9	likert	likert	ADJ
erjee-11843	60	10	scale	scale	NOUN
erjee-11843	60	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	60	12	reflecting	reflect	VERB
erjee-11843	60	13	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	60	14	’	’	PART
erjee-11843	60	15	confidence	confidence	NOUN
erjee-11843	60	16	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	60	17	frequency	frequency	NOUN
erjee-11843	60	18	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	60	19	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	60	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	1	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	61	2	levels	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	61	3	were	be	AUX
erjee-11843	61	4	categorized	categorize	VERB
erjee-11843	61	5	as	as	SCONJ
erjee-11843	61	6	follows	follow	VERB
erjee-11843	61	7	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	8	low	low	ADJ
erjee-11843	61	9	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	10	20–35	20–35	NUM
erjee-11843	61	11	points	point	NOUN
erjee-11843	61	12	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	14	developing	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	61	15	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	16	36–50	36–50	NUM
erjee-11843	61	17	points	point	NOUN
erjee-11843	61	18	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	20	proficient	proficient	ADJ
erjee-11843	61	21	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	22	51–65	51–65	NUM
erjee-11843	61	23	points	point	NOUN
erjee-11843	61	24	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	25	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	26	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	61	27	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	61	28	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	29	66–80	66–80	NUM
erjee-11843	61	30	points	point	NOUN
erjee-11843	61	31	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	32	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	61	33	based	base	VERB
erjee-11843	61	34	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	61	35	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	61	36	total	total	ADJ
erjee-11843	61	37	scores	score	NOUN
erjee-11843	61	38	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	61	39	each	each	DET
erjee-11843	61	40	area	area	NOUN
erjee-11843	61	41	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	62	1	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	62	2	classification	classification	NOUN
erjee-11843	62	3	aligns	align	VERB
erjee-11843	62	4	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	62	5	established	establish	VERB
erjee-11843	62	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	62	7	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	62	8	frameworks	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	62	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	62	10	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	62	11	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	62	12	digcomp	digcomp	PROPN
erjee-11843	62	13	2.1	2.1	NUM
erjee-11843	62	14	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	62	15	carretero	carretero	PROPN
erjee-11843	62	16	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	62	17	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	62	18	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	62	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	62	20	2017	2017	NUM
erjee-11843	62	21	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	62	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	63	1	results	result	NOUN
erjee-11843	63	2	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	63	3	discussion	discussion	NOUN
erjee-11843	63	4	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	63	5	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	63	6	indicate	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	63	7	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	63	8	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	63	9	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	63	10	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
erjee-11843	63	11	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	63	12	moderate	moderate	ADJ
erjee-11843	63	13	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	63	14	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	63	15	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	63	16	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	63	17	level	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	63	18	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	63	19	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	63	20	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	63	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	63	22	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	63	23	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	63	24	overall	overall	ADJ
erjee-11843	63	25	score	score	NOUN
erjee-11843	63	26	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	63	27	71	71	NUM
erjee-11843	63	28	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	63	29	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	64	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	64	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	64	3	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	64	4	levels	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	64	5	vary	vary	VERB
erjee-11843	64	6	across	across	ADP
erjee-11843	64	7	different	different	ADJ
erjee-11843	64	8	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
erjee-11843	64	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	64	10	which	which	PRON
erjee-11843	64	11	challenges	challenge	VERB
erjee-11843	64	12	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	64	13	assumption	assumption	NOUN
erjee-11843	64	14	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	64	15	all	all	DET
erjee-11843	64	16	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	64	17	possess	possess	VERB
erjee-11843	64	18	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	64	19	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	64	20	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	64	21	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	65	1	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	65	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
erjee-11843	65	4	high	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	65	5	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	65	7	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	65	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	65	9	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	10	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	65	11	84	84	NUM
erjee-11843	65	12	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	13	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	65	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	65	15	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	65	16	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	17	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	18	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	65	19	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	20	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	21	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	65	22	68	68	NUM
erjee-11843	65	23	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	24	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	65	25	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	65	26	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	65	27	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	28	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	65	29	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	30	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	65	31	63.5	63.5	NUM
erjee-11843	65	32	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	65	33	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	65	34	remain	remain	VERB
erjee-11843	65	35	weaker	weak	ADJ
erjee-11843	65	36	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	66	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
erjee-11843	66	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	66	3	over	over	ADP
erjee-11843	66	4	30	30	NUM
erjee-11843	66	5	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	66	6	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	66	7	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	66	8	struggle	struggle	VERB
erjee-11843	66	9	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	66	10	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	66	11	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	66	12	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	66	13	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	66	14	3.3	3.3	NUM
erjee-11843	66	15	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	66	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	66	17	highlighting	highlight	VERB
erjee-11843	66	18	inconsistencies	inconsistency	NOUN
erjee-11843	66	19	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	66	20	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	66	21	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	66	22	levels	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	66	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	67	1	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	67	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	67	3	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	67	4	although	although	SCONJ
erjee-11843	67	5	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	67	6	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	67	7	effectively	effectively	ADV
erjee-11843	67	8	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	67	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	67	10	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	67	11	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	67	12	personal	personal	ADJ
erjee-11843	67	13	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	67	14	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	67	15	tasks	task	NOUN
erjee-11843	67	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	67	17	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	67	18	lack	lack	VERB
erjee-11843	67	19	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	67	20	engagement	engagement	NOUN
erjee-11843	67	21	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	67	22	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	67	23	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	67	24	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
erjee-11843	67	25	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	67	26	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	67	27	practices	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	67	28	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	68	1	ikhfi	ikhfi	PROPN
erjee-11843	68	2	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	68	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	68	4	akhmad	akhmad	PROPN
erjee-11843	68	5	zakky	zakky	VERB
erjee-11843	68	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	1	deni	deni	PROPN
erjee-11843	69	2	yuliana	yuliana	PROPN
erjee-11843	69	3	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	69	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	69	5	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	69	7	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	8	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	9	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	10	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	12	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	69	13	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	69	14	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	15	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	16	680	680	NUM
erjee-11843	69	17	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	18	1	1	NUM
erjee-11843	69	19	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	20	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	21	student	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	22	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	69	23	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	69	24	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	25	when	when	SCONJ
erjee-11843	69	26	compared	compare	VERB
erjee-11843	69	27	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	69	28	established	establish	VERB
erjee-11843	69	29	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	69	30	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	31	frameworks	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	32	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	33	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	69	34	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	69	35	digcomp	digcomp	PROPN
erjee-11843	69	36	2.1	2.1	NUM
erjee-11843	69	37	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	38	carretero	carretero	PROPN
erjee-11843	69	39	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	69	40	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	69	41	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	69	42	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	43	2017	2017	NUM
erjee-11843	69	44	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	45	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	69	46	unesco	unesco	PROPN
erjee-11843	69	47	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	69	48	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	69	49	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	50	framework	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	51	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	52	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	69	53	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	54	reveal	reveal	VERB
erjee-11843	69	55	gaps	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	56	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	69	57	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	69	58	information	information	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	59	processing	processing	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	60	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	61	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	69	62	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	63	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	64	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	69	65	problem	problem	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	66	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	67	solving	solve	VERB
erjee-11843	69	68	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	69	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	70	unesco	unesco	PROPN
erjee-11843	69	71	institute	institute	PROPN
erjee-11843	69	72	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	69	73	statistic	statistic	NOUN
erjee-11843	69	74	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	75	2018	2018	NUM
erjee-11843	69	76	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	69	77	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	70	1	digcomp	digcomp	VERB
erjee-11843	70	2	2.1	2.1	NUM
erjee-11843	70	3	defines	define	VERB
erjee-11843	70	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	70	5	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	70	6	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	70	7	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	70	8	combination	combination	NOUN
erjee-11843	70	9	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	70	10	accessing	access	VERB
erjee-11843	70	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	70	12	managing	managing	NOUN
erjee-11843	70	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	70	14	understanding	understanding	NOUN
erjee-11843	70	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	70	16	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	70	17	critically	critically	ADV
erjee-11843	70	18	engaging	engage	VERB
erjee-11843	70	19	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	70	20	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	70	21	content	content	NOUN
erjee-11843	70	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	71	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	71	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	71	3	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	71	4	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	71	5	suggests	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	71	6	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	71	7	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	71	8	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	71	9	excel	excel	VERB
erjee-11843	71	10	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	71	11	functional	functional	ADJ
erjee-11843	71	12	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	71	13	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	71	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	71	15	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	71	16	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	71	17	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	71	18	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
erjee-11843	71	19	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	71	20	require	require	VERB
erjee-11843	71	21	further	further	ADJ
erjee-11843	71	22	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	71	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	72	1	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	72	2	aligns	align	VERB
erjee-11843	72	3	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	72	4	giannikas	giannikas	PROPN
erjee-11843	72	5	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	72	6	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	72	7	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	72	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	72	9	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	72	10	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	72	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	72	12	who	who	PRON
erjee-11843	72	13	found	find	VERB
erjee-11843	72	14	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
erjee-11843	72	15	between	between	ADP
erjee-11843	72	16	perceived	perceive	VERB
erjee-11843	72	17	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	72	18	actual	actual	ADJ
erjee-11843	72	19	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	72	20	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	72	21	among	among	ADP
erjee-11843	72	22	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	72	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	72	24	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	72	25	trend	trend	NOUN
erjee-11843	72	26	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	72	27	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	72	28	also	also	ADV
erjee-11843	72	29	evident	evident	ADJ
erjee-11843	72	30	among	among	ADP
erjee-11843	72	31	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	72	32	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	72	33	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	72	34	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	72	35	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	73	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
erjee-11843	73	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	73	3	santos	santos	PROPN
erjee-11843	73	4	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	73	5	boa	boa	PROPN
erjee-11843	73	6	sorte	sorte	PROPN
erjee-11843	73	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	73	8	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	73	9	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	73	10	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	73	11	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
erjee-11843	73	12	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	73	13	importance	importance	NOUN
erjee-11843	73	14	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	73	15	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
erjee-11843	73	16	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	73	17	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	73	18	practices	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	73	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	73	20	yet	yet	CCONJ
erjee-11843	73	21	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	73	22	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	73	23	suggest	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	73	24	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	73	25	many	many	ADJ
erjee-11843	73	26	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	73	27	still	still	ADV
erjee-11843	73	28	struggle	struggle	VERB
erjee-11843	73	29	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	73	30	integrate	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	73	31	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	73	32	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	73	33	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	73	34	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	73	35	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	73	36	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	73	37	consistent	consistent	ADJ
erjee-11843	73	38	manner	manner	NOUN
erjee-11843	73	39	within	within	ADP
erjee-11843	73	40	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	73	41	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	73	42	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	73	43	process	process	NOUN
erjee-11843	73	44	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	74	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	74	2	results	result	NOUN
erjee-11843	74	3	further	far	ADV
erjee-11843	74	4	indicate	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	74	5	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	74	6	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	74	7	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	74	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	74	9	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	74	10	levels	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	74	11	vary	vary	VERB
erjee-11843	74	12	based	base	VERB
erjee-11843	74	13	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	74	14	age	age	NOUN
erjee-11843	74	15	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	74	16	prior	prior	ADJ
erjee-11843	74	17	exposure	exposure	NOUN
erjee-11843	74	18	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	74	19	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	74	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	75	1	younger	young	ADJ
erjee-11843	75	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	75	3	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	75	4	19–24	19–24	NUM
erjee-11843	75	5	years	year	NOUN
erjee-11843	75	6	old	old	ADJ
erjee-11843	75	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	75	8	tend	tend	VERB
erjee-11843	75	9	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	75	10	outperform	outperform	VERB
erjee-11843	75	11	older	old	ADJ
erjee-11843	75	12	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	75	13	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	75	14	25–35	25–35	NUM
erjee-11843	75	15	years	year	NOUN
erjee-11843	75	16	old	old	ADJ
erjee-11843	75	17	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	75	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	75	19	particularly	particularly	ADV
erjee-11843	75	20	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	75	21	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	75	22	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	75	23	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	75	24	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	75	25	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	75	26	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	76	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
erjee-11843	76	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	76	3	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	76	4	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	76	5	prior	prior	ADJ
erjee-11843	76	6	experience	experience	NOUN
erjee-11843	76	7	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	76	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	76	9	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	76	10	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	76	11	high	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	76	12	school	school	NOUN
erjee-11843	76	13	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	76	14	other	other	ADJ
erjee-11843	76	15	educational	educational	ADJ
erjee-11843	76	16	settings	setting	NOUN
erjee-11843	76	17	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
erjee-11843	76	18	significantly	significantly	ADV
erjee-11843	76	19	better	well	ADV
erjee-11843	76	20	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	76	21	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	76	22	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	76	23	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	76	24	based	base	VERB
erjee-11843	76	25	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	76	26	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	76	27	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	77	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	77	2	variations	variation	NOUN
erjee-11843	77	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	77	4	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	77	5	prior	prior	ADJ
erjee-11843	77	6	exposure	exposure	NOUN
erjee-11843	77	7	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	77	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	77	9	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	77	10	plays	play	VERB
erjee-11843	77	11	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	77	12	crucial	crucial	ADJ
erjee-11843	77	13	role	role	NOUN
erjee-11843	77	14	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	77	15	shaping	shape	VERB
erjee-11843	77	16	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	77	17	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	77	18	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	77	19	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	77	20	levels	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	77	21	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	78	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
erjee-11843	78	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	78	3	differentiated	differentiated	ADJ
erjee-11843	78	4	instructional	instructional	ADJ
erjee-11843	78	5	approaches	approach	NOUN
erjee-11843	78	6	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	78	7	necessary	necessary	ADJ
erjee-11843	78	8	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	78	9	accommodate	accommodate	VERB
erjee-11843	78	10	varying	vary	VERB
erjee-11843	78	11	levels	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	78	12	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	78	13	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	78	14	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	78	15	among	among	ADP
erjee-11843	78	16	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	78	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	79	1	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	3	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	79	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	79	5	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	6	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	79	7	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	79	8	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	79	10	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	11	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	79	12	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	79	13	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
erjee-11843	79	14	concept	concept	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	15	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	79	16	encompasses	encompass	VERB
erjee-11843	79	17	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	79	18	range	range	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	19	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	79	20	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	79	22	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	79	24	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	79	25	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	26	necessary	necessary	ADJ
erjee-11843	79	27	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	79	28	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	79	29	participation	participation	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	30	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	79	31	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	79	32	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	79	33	world	world	NOUN
erjee-11843	79	34	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	80	1	it	it	PRON
erjee-11843	80	2	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	80	3	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
erjee-11843	80	4	recognized	recognize	VERB
erjee-11843	80	5	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	80	6	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	80	7	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	80	8	component	component	NOUN
erjee-11843	80	9	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	80	10	professional	professional	ADJ
erjee-11843	80	11	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	80	12	personal	personal	ADJ
erjee-11843	80	13	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	80	14	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	80	15	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	80	16	21st	21st	ADJ
erjee-11843	80	17	century	century	NOUN
erjee-11843	80	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	81	1	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	81	2	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	81	3	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	81	4	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	81	5	limited	limit	VERB
erjee-11843	81	6	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	81	7	technical	technical	ADJ
erjee-11843	81	8	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	81	9	but	but	CCONJ
erjee-11843	81	10	extends	extend	VERB
erjee-11843	81	11	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	81	12	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	81	13	ability	ability	NOUN
erjee-11843	81	14	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	81	15	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	81	16	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	81	17	technologies	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	81	18	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	81	19	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	81	20	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
erjee-11843	81	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	81	22	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	81	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	81	24	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	81	25	responsible	responsible	ADJ
erjee-11843	81	26	manner	manner	NOUN
erjee-11843	81	27	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	82	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	82	2	following	follow	VERB
erjee-11843	82	3	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	82	4	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	82	5	result	result	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	6	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	82	7	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	8	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	82	9	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	10	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	82	11	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	82	12	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	13	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	82	14	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	15	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	82	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	82	17	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	18	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	82	19	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	82	20	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	82	21	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	22	based	base	VERB
erjee-11843	82	23	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	82	24	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	25	1	1	NUM
erjee-11843	82	26	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	82	27	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	82	28	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	29	student	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	30	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	82	31	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	82	32	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	82	33	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	34	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	82	35	84	84	NUM
erjee-11843	82	36	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	37	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	82	38	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	82	39	indicates	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	82	40	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	82	41	very	very	ADV
erjee-11843	82	42	high	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	82	43	level	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	44	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	82	45	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	46	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	82	47	basic	basic	ADJ
erjee-11843	82	48	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	82	49	tasks	task	NOUN
erjee-11843	82	50	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	83	1	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	83	2	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	83	3	confident	confident	ADJ
erjee-11843	83	4	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	83	5	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	83	6	computers	computer	NOUN
erjee-11843	83	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	83	8	smartphones	smartphone	NOUN
erjee-11843	83	9	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	83	10	browsing	browse	VERB
erjee-11843	83	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	83	12	emailing	emailing	NOUN
erjee-11843	83	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	83	14	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	83	15	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	83	16	word	word	NOUN
erjee-11843	83	17	processing	processing	NOUN
erjee-11843	83	18	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	83	19	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	84	1	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	84	2	majority	majority	NOUN
erjee-11843	84	3	also	also	ADV
erjee-11843	84	4	regularly	regularly	ADV
erjee-11843	84	5	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	84	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	84	7	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	84	8	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	84	9	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	84	10	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	84	11	dictionaries	dictionary	NOUN
erjee-11843	84	12	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	84	13	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	84	14	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	84	15	apps	app	NOUN
erjee-11843	84	16	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	84	17	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
erjee-11843	84	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	84	19	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
erjee-11843	84	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	84	21	babbel	babbel	NOUN
erjee-11843	84	22	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	84	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	85	1	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	85	2	reflects	reflect	VERB
erjee-11843	85	3	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	85	4	strong	strong	ADJ
erjee-11843	85	5	foundation	foundation	NOUN
erjee-11843	85	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	85	7	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	85	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	85	9	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	85	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	86	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	86	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	86	3	there	there	PRON
erjee-11843	86	4	is	be	VERB
erjee-11843	86	5	still	still	ADV
erjee-11843	86	6	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	86	7	small	small	ADJ
erjee-11843	86	8	percentage	percentage	NOUN
erjee-11843	86	9	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	86	10	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	86	11	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	86	12	around	around	ADP
erjee-11843	86	13	10	10	NUM
erjee-11843	86	14	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	86	15	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	86	16	who	who	PRON
erjee-11843	86	17	feel	feel	VERB
erjee-11843	86	18	only	only	ADV
erjee-11843	86	19	moderately	moderately	ADV
erjee-11843	86	20	confident	confident	ADJ
erjee-11843	86	21	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	86	22	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	86	23	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	86	24	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	86	25	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	86	26	implying	imply	VERB
erjee-11843	86	27	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	86	28	need	need	NOUN
erjee-11843	86	29	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	86	30	some	some	DET
erjee-11843	86	31	targeted	target	VERB
erjee-11843	86	32	support	support	NOUN
erjee-11843	86	33	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	86	34	those	those	DET
erjee-11843	86	35	individuals	individual	NOUN
erjee-11843	86	36	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	87	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
erjee-11843	87	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	87	3	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	87	4	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	87	5	provides	provide	VERB
erjee-11843	87	6	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	87	7	detailed	detailed	ADJ
erjee-11843	87	8	breakdown	breakdown	NOUN
erjee-11843	87	9	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	87	10	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	87	11	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	87	12	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	87	13	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	87	14	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	87	15	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	87	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	87	17	categorizing	categorize	VERB
erjee-11843	87	18	them	they	PRON
erjee-11843	87	19	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	87	20	four	four	NUM
erjee-11843	87	21	levels	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	87	22	based	base	VERB
erjee-11843	87	23	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	87	24	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	87	25	confidence	confidence	NOUN
erjee-11843	87	26	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	87	27	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	87	28	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	87	29	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	87	30	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	87	31	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	88	1	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	88	2	small	small	ADJ
erjee-11843	88	3	portion	portion	NOUN
erjee-11843	88	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	88	5	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	88	6	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	88	7	1.8	1.8	NUM
erjee-11843	88	8	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	88	9	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	88	10	falls	fall	VERB
erjee-11843	88	11	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	88	12	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	88	13	low	low	ADJ
erjee-11843	88	14	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	88	15	category	category	NOUN
erjee-11843	88	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	88	17	indicating	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	88	18	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	88	19	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	88	20	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	88	21	confident	confident	ADJ
erjee-11843	88	22	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	88	23	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
erjee-11843	88	24	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	88	25	basic	basic	ADJ
erjee-11843	88	26	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	88	27	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	88	28	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	88	29	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	88	30	web	web	NOUN
erjee-11843	88	31	browsing	browsing	NOUN
erjee-11843	88	32	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	88	33	email	email	NOUN
erjee-11843	88	34	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	88	35	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	88	36	document	document	NOUN
erjee-11843	88	37	creation	creation	NOUN
erjee-11843	88	38	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	89	1	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	89	2	group	group	NOUN
erjee-11843	89	3	likely	likely	ADV
erjee-11843	89	4	requires	require	VERB
erjee-11843	89	5	substantial	substantial	ADJ
erjee-11843	89	6	support	support	NOUN
erjee-11843	89	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	89	8	including	include	VERB
erjee-11843	89	9	introductory	introductory	ADJ
erjee-11843	89	10	training	training	NOUN
erjee-11843	89	11	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	89	12	foundational	foundational	ADJ
erjee-11843	89	13	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	89	14	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	89	15	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	89	16	help	help	VERB
erjee-11843	89	17	them	they	PRON
erjee-11843	89	18	build	build	VERB
erjee-11843	89	19	confidence	confidence	NOUN
erjee-11843	89	20	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	89	21	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	89	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	90	1	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	90	2	review	review	PROPN
erjee-11843	90	3	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	90	4	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	90	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	90	6	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	90	7	education	education	PROPN
erjee-11843	90	8	p	p	PROPN
erjee-11843	90	9	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	90	10	issn	issn	PROPN
erjee-11843	90	11	2301	2301	NUM
erjee-11843	90	12	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	90	13	7554	7554	NUM
erjee-11843	90	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	90	15	e	e	X
erjee-11843	90	16	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	90	17	issn	issn	VERB
erjee-11843	90	18	2541	2541	NUM
erjee-11843	90	19	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	90	20	3643	3643	NUM
erjee-11843	90	21	volume	volume	NOUN
erjee-11843	90	22	13	13	NUM
erjee-11843	90	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	90	24	issue	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	90	25	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	90	26	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	90	27	june	june	PROPN
erjee-11843	90	28	2025	2025	NUM
erjee-11843	90	29	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	PROPN
erjee-11843	91	1	681	681	NUM
erjee-11843	91	2	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	91	3	larger	large	ADJ
erjee-11843	91	4	segment	segment	NOUN
erjee-11843	91	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	91	6	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	91	7	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	91	8	8.9	8.9	NUM
erjee-11843	91	9	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	91	10	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	91	11	35.7	35.7	NUM
erjee-11843	91	12	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	91	13	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	91	14	falls	fall	VERB
erjee-11843	91	15	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	91	16	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	91	17	developing	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	91	18	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	91	19	category	category	NOUN
erjee-11843	91	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	92	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	92	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	92	3	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	92	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	92	5	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	92	6	intermittently	intermittently	ADV
erjee-11843	92	7	but	but	CCONJ
erjee-11843	92	8	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	92	9	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	92	10	fully	fully	ADV
erjee-11843	92	11	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
erjee-11843	92	12	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	92	13	confident	confident	ADJ
erjee-11843	92	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	92	15	particularly	particularly	ADV
erjee-11843	92	16	when	when	SCONJ
erjee-11843	92	17	it	it	PRON
erjee-11843	92	18	comes	come	VERB
erjee-11843	92	19	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	92	20	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	92	21	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	92	22	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	92	23	apps	app	NOUN
erjee-11843	92	24	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	92	25	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	92	26	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	92	27	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	93	1	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	93	2	responses	response	NOUN
erjee-11843	93	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	93	4	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	93	5	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	93	6	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	93	7	practice	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	93	8	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	93	9	guided	guide	VERB
erjee-11843	93	10	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	93	11	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	93	12	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	93	13	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	93	14	could	could	AUX
erjee-11843	93	15	help	help	VERB
erjee-11843	93	16	them	they	PRON
erjee-11843	93	17	develop	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	93	18	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	93	19	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	94	1	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	94	2	example	example	NOUN
erjee-11843	94	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	94	4	35.7	35.7	NUM
erjee-11843	94	5	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	94	6	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	94	7	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	94	8	report	report	VERB
erjee-11843	94	9	only	only	ADV
erjee-11843	94	10	moderate	moderate	ADJ
erjee-11843	94	11	confidence	confidence	NOUN
erjee-11843	94	12	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	94	13	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	94	14	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	94	15	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	94	16	apps	app	NOUN
erjee-11843	94	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	94	18	indicating	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	94	19	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	94	20	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
erjee-11843	94	21	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	94	22	improvement	improvement	NOUN
erjee-11843	94	23	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	94	24	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	94	25	area	area	NOUN
erjee-11843	94	26	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	95	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	95	2	majority	majority	NOUN
erjee-11843	95	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	95	4	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	95	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	95	6	55.4	55.4	NUM
erjee-11843	95	7	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	95	8	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	95	9	66.1	66.1	NUM
erjee-11843	95	10	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	95	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	95	12	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
erjee-11843	95	13	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	95	14	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	95	15	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	95	16	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	95	17	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	95	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	96	1	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	96	2	regularly	regularly	ADV
erjee-11843	96	3	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	96	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	96	5	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	96	6	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	96	7	tasks	task	NOUN
erjee-11843	96	8	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	96	9	browsing	browse	VERB
erjee-11843	96	10	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	96	11	internet	internet	NOUN
erjee-11843	96	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	96	13	word	word	NOUN
erjee-11843	96	14	processing	processing	NOUN
erjee-11843	96	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	96	16	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	96	17	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	96	18	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	96	19	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	96	20	apps	app	NOUN
erjee-11843	96	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	96	22	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	96	23	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	96	24	feel	feel	VERB
erjee-11843	96	25	confident	confident	ADJ
erjee-11843	96	26	navigating	navigate	VERB
erjee-11843	96	27	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	96	28	tasks	task	NOUN
erjee-11843	96	29	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	97	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	97	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	97	3	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	97	4	proficient	proficient	ADJ
erjee-11843	97	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	97	6	there	there	PRON
erjee-11843	97	7	is	be	VERB
erjee-11843	97	8	still	still	ADV
erjee-11843	97	9	room	room	NOUN
erjee-11843	97	10	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	97	11	deeper	deep	ADJ
erjee-11843	97	12	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	97	13	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	97	14	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	97	15	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	97	16	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	97	17	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	97	18	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	97	19	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	97	20	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	97	21	routines	routine	NOUN
erjee-11843	97	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	98	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	98	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	98	3	could	could	AUX
erjee-11843	98	4	benefit	benefit	VERB
erjee-11843	98	5	from	from	ADP
erjee-11843	98	6	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	98	7	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	98	8	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	98	9	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	98	10	multimedia	multimedia	NOUN
erjee-11843	98	11	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	98	12	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	98	13	further	far	ADV
erjee-11843	98	14	enhance	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	98	15	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	98	16	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	98	17	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	98	18	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	98	19	engagement	engagement	NOUN
erjee-11843	98	20	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	98	21	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	98	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	99	1	finally	finally	ADV
erjee-11843	99	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	99	3	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	99	4	smaller	small	ADJ
erjee-11843	99	5	but	but	CCONJ
erjee-11843	99	6	significant	significant	ADJ
erjee-11843	99	7	portion	portion	NOUN
erjee-11843	99	8	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	99	9	23.2	23.2	NUM
erjee-11843	99	10	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	99	11	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	99	12	51.8	51.8	NUM
erjee-11843	99	13	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	99	14	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	99	15	falls	fall	VERB
erjee-11843	99	16	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	99	17	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	99	18	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	99	19	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	99	20	category	category	NOUN
erjee-11843	99	21	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	100	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	100	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	100	3	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
erjee-11843	100	4	strong	strong	ADJ
erjee-11843	100	5	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	100	6	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	100	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	100	8	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	100	9	highly	highly	ADV
erjee-11843	100	10	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
erjee-11843	100	11	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	100	12	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	100	13	complex	complex	ADJ
erjee-11843	100	14	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	100	15	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	100	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	100	17	often	often	ADV
erjee-11843	100	18	serving	serve	VERB
erjee-11843	100	19	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	100	20	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	100	21	leaders	leader	NOUN
erjee-11843	100	22	among	among	ADP
erjee-11843	100	23	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	100	24	peers	peer	NOUN
erjee-11843	100	25	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	101	1	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	101	2	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	101	3	proficient	proficient	ADJ
erjee-11843	101	4	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	101	5	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	101	6	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	101	7	features	feature	NOUN
erjee-11843	101	8	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	101	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	101	10	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	101	11	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	101	12	apps	app	NOUN
erjee-11843	101	13	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	101	14	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	101	15	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	101	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	102	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	102	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	102	3	even	even	ADV
erjee-11843	102	4	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	102	5	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	102	6	group	group	NOUN
erjee-11843	102	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	102	8	there	there	PRON
erjee-11843	102	9	is	be	VERB
erjee-11843	102	10	still	still	ADV
erjee-11843	102	11	potential	potential	ADJ
erjee-11843	102	12	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	102	13	growth	growth	NOUN
erjee-11843	102	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	103	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	103	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	103	3	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	103	4	benefit	benefit	VERB
erjee-11843	103	5	from	from	ADP
erjee-11843	103	6	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	103	7	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
erjee-11843	103	8	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	103	9	explore	explore	VERB
erjee-11843	103	10	emerging	emerge	VERB
erjee-11843	103	11	technologies	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	103	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	103	13	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	103	14	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	103	15	artificial	artificial	ADJ
erjee-11843	103	16	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
erjee-11843	103	17	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	103	18	virtual	virtual	ADJ
erjee-11843	103	19	reality	reality	NOUN
erjee-11843	103	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	103	21	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	103	22	deepen	deepen	VERB
erjee-11843	103	23	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	103	24	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	103	25	experience	experience	NOUN
erjee-11843	103	26	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	104	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	104	2	summary	summary	NOUN
erjee-11843	104	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	104	4	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	104	5	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	104	6	majority	majority	NOUN
erjee-11843	104	7	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	104	8	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	104	9	display	display	VERB
erjee-11843	104	10	strong	strong	ADJ
erjee-11843	104	11	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	104	12	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	104	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	104	14	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	104	15	targeted	target	VERB
erjee-11843	104	16	focus	focus	NOUN
erjee-11843	104	17	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	104	18	those	those	PRON
erjee-11843	104	19	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	104	20	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	104	21	developing	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	104	22	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	104	23	low	low	ADJ
erjee-11843	104	24	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	104	25	categories	category	NOUN
erjee-11843	104	26	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	104	27	necessary	necessary	ADJ
erjee-11843	104	28	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	105	1	workshops	workshop	NOUN
erjee-11843	105	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	105	3	peer	peer	NOUN
erjee-11843	105	4	mentoring	mentoring	NOUN
erjee-11843	105	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	105	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	105	7	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	105	8	assignments	assignment	NOUN
erjee-11843	105	9	involving	involve	VERB
erjee-11843	105	10	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	105	11	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	105	12	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	105	13	accelerate	accelerate	VERB
erjee-11843	105	14	progress	progress	NOUN
erjee-11843	105	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	105	16	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	105	17	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	105	18	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	105	19	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	105	20	be	be	AUX
erjee-11843	105	21	leveraged	leverage	VERB
erjee-11843	105	22	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	105	23	support	support	VERB
erjee-11843	105	24	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	105	25	peers	peer	NOUN
erjee-11843	105	26	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	106	1	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	106	2	approach	approach	NOUN
erjee-11843	106	3	will	will	AUX
erjee-11843	106	4	enhance	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	106	5	overall	overall	ADJ
erjee-11843	106	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	106	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	106	8	across	across	ADP
erjee-11843	106	9	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	106	10	student	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	106	11	body	body	NOUN
erjee-11843	106	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	106	13	helping	help	VERB
erjee-11843	106	14	all	all	DET
erjee-11843	106	15	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	106	16	improve	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	106	17	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	106	18	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	106	19	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	106	20	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	106	21	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	106	22	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	106	23	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	106	24	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	107	1	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	107	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	107	3	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	107	4	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	107	5	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	107	6	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	107	7	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	107	8	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	107	9	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	107	10	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	107	11	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	107	12	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	107	13	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	107	14	has	have	AUX
erjee-11843	107	15	become	become	VERB
erjee-11843	107	16	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	107	17	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
erjee-11843	107	18	aspect	aspect	NOUN
erjee-11843	107	19	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	107	20	modern	modern	ADJ
erjee-11843	107	21	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	107	22	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	107	23	offered	offer	VERB
erjee-11843	107	24	numerous	numerous	ADJ
erjee-11843	107	25	benefits	benefit	NOUN
erjee-11843	107	26	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	107	27	also	also	ADV
erjee-11843	107	28	present	present	VERB
erjee-11843	107	29	certain	certain	ADJ
erjee-11843	107	30	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	107	31	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	108	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	108	2	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	108	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	108	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	108	5	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	108	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	108	7	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	108	8	has	have	AUX
erjee-11843	108	9	revolutionized	revolutionize	VERB
erjee-11843	108	10	traditional	traditional	ADJ
erjee-11843	108	11	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	108	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	108	13	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
erjee-11843	108	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	108	15	enhancing	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	108	16	learner	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	108	17	engagement	engagement	NOUN
erjee-11843	108	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	108	19	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	108	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	108	21	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	108	22	cultural	cultural	ADJ
erjee-11843	108	23	understanding	understanding	NOUN
erjee-11843	108	24	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	109	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	109	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	109	3	successful	successful	ADJ
erjee-11843	109	4	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	109	5	requires	require	VERB
erjee-11843	109	6	careful	careful	ADJ
erjee-11843	109	7	consideration	consideration	NOUN
erjee-11843	109	8	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	109	9	various	various	ADJ
erjee-11843	109	10	factors	factor	NOUN
erjee-11843	109	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	109	12	including	include	VERB
erjee-11843	109	13	access	access	NOUN
erjee-11843	109	14	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	109	15	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	109	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	109	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	109	18	training	training	NOUN
erjee-11843	109	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	109	20	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	109	21	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
erjee-11843	109	22	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	109	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	110	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	110	2	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	110	4	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	5	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	110	6	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	7	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	8	scored	score	VERB
erjee-11843	110	9	69	69	NUM
erjee-11843	110	10	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	11	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	110	12	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	13	3.1	3.1	NUM
erjee-11843	110	14	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	110	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	110	16	which	which	PRON
erjee-11843	110	17	shows	show	VERB
erjee-11843	110	18	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	110	19	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	110	20	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	21	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	110	22	fairly	fairly	ADV
erjee-11843	110	23	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
erjee-11843	110	24	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	110	25	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	110	26	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	27	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	110	28	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	110	29	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	30	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	31	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	110	32	there	there	PRON
erjee-11843	110	33	is	be	VERB
erjee-11843	110	34	room	room	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	35	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	110	36	improvement	improvement	NOUN
erjee-11843	110	37	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	111	1	most	most	ADJ
erjee-11843	111	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	111	3	regularly	regularly	ADV
erjee-11843	111	4	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	111	5	multimedia	multimedia	NOUN
erjee-11843	111	6	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	111	7	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	111	8	videos	video	NOUN
erjee-11843	111	9	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	111	10	podcasts	podcast	NOUN
erjee-11843	111	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	111	12	which	which	PRON
erjee-11843	111	13	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	111	14	find	find	VERB
erjee-11843	111	15	useful	useful	ADJ
erjee-11843	111	16	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	111	17	improving	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	111	18	listening	listening	NOUN
erjee-11843	111	19	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	111	20	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
erjee-11843	111	21	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	111	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	112	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	112	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	112	3	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	112	4	notable	notable	ADJ
erjee-11843	112	5	portion	portion	NOUN
erjee-11843	112	6	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	112	7	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	112	8	only	only	ADV
erjee-11843	112	9	occasionally	occasionally	ADV
erjee-11843	112	10	uses	use	VERB
erjee-11843	112	11	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	112	12	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	112	13	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	112	14	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	112	15	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	112	16	flashcards	flashcard	NOUN
erjee-11843	112	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	112	18	indicating	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	112	19	potential	potential	ADJ
erjee-11843	112	20	gaps	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	112	21	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	112	22	consistent	consistent	ADJ
erjee-11843	112	23	engagement	engagement	NOUN
erjee-11843	112	24	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	112	25	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	112	26	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	112	27	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	113	1	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	113	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	113	3	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	113	4	further	further	ADJ
erjee-11843	113	5	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	113	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	113	7	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	113	8	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	113	9	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
erjee-11843	113	10	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	113	11	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	113	12	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	113	13	systematically	systematically	ADV
erjee-11843	113	14	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	113	15	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	113	16	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
erjee-11843	113	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	113	18	could	could	AUX
erjee-11843	113	19	help	help	VERB
erjee-11843	113	20	maximize	maximize	VERB
erjee-11843	113	21	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	113	22	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	113	23	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	113	24	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
erjee-11843	113	25	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	114	1	below	below	ADV
erjee-11843	114	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	114	3	we	we	PRON
erjee-11843	114	4	explore	explore	VERB
erjee-11843	114	5	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	114	6	results	result	NOUN
erjee-11843	114	7	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	114	8	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	114	9	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	114	10	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	114	11	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	114	12	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	114	13	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	114	14	details	detail	NOUN
erjee-11843	114	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	114	16	drawing	draw	VERB
erjee-11843	114	17	insights	insight	NOUN
erjee-11843	114	18	from	from	ADP
erjee-11843	114	19	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	114	20	provided	provide	VERB
erjee-11843	114	21	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	114	22	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
erjee-11843	114	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	115	1	figure	figure	VERB
erjee-11843	115	2	3	3	NUM
erjee-11843	115	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	115	4	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	115	6	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	7	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	115	8	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	9	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	10	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	115	11	terms	term	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	12	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	115	13	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	14	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	15	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	115	16	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	17	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	115	19	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	115	20	68	68	NUM
erjee-11843	115	21	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	22	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	23	score	score	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	24	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	115	25	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	26	3.3	3.3	NUM
erjee-11843	115	27	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	115	28	suggests	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	115	29	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	115	30	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	115	31	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	32	frequently	frequently	ADV
erjee-11843	115	33	engage	engage	VERB
erjee-11843	115	34	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	115	35	multimedia	multimedia	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	36	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	37	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	115	38	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	115	39	videos	video	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	40	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	115	41	podcasts	podcast	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	42	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	115	43	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	115	44	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	115	45	less	less	ADV
erjee-11843	115	46	likely	likely	ADJ
erjee-11843	115	47	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	115	48	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	115	49	interactive	interactive	ADJ
erjee-11843	115	50	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	115	51	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	52	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	115	53	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	54	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	55	applications	application	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	56	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	115	57	grammar	grammar	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	58	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	59	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	115	60	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	115	61	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	115	62	writing	writing	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	63	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	115	64	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	116	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	116	2	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	116	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	116	4	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	116	5	12.5%–30.4	12.5%–30.4	NUM
erjee-11843	116	6	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	116	7	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	116	8	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	116	9	rarely	rarely	ADV
erjee-11843	116	10	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	116	11	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	116	12	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	116	13	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	116	14	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	116	15	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	116	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	116	17	suggesting	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	116	18	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	116	19	lack	lack	NOUN
erjee-11843	116	20	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	116	21	awareness	awareness	NOUN
erjee-11843	116	22	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	116	23	formal	formal	ADJ
erjee-11843	116	24	implementation	implementation	NOUN
erjee-11843	116	25	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	116	26	coursework	coursework	NOUN
erjee-11843	116	27	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	117	1	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	117	2	sporadic	sporadic	ADJ
erjee-11843	117	3	usage	usage	NOUN
erjee-11843	117	4	limits	limit	VERB
erjee-11843	117	5	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	117	6	’	’	PART
erjee-11843	117	7	ability	ability	NOUN
erjee-11843	117	8	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	117	9	maximize	maximize	VERB
erjee-11843	117	10	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	117	11	ikhfi	ikhfi	NOUN
erjee-11843	117	12	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	117	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	117	14	akhmad	akhmad	PROPN
erjee-11843	117	15	zakky	zakky	VERB
erjee-11843	117	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	118	1	deni	deni	PROPN
erjee-11843	118	2	yuliana	yuliana	PROPN
erjee-11843	118	3	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	118	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	118	5	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	118	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	118	7	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	118	8	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	118	9	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	118	10	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	118	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	118	12	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	118	13	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	118	14	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	118	15	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	118	16	682	682	NUM
erjee-11843	118	17	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	118	18	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	118	19	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
erjee-11843	118	20	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	118	21	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	118	22	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
erjee-11843	118	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	119	1	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	119	2	address	address	VERB
erjee-11843	119	3	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	119	4	gap	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	119	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	119	6	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	119	7	should	should	AUX
erjee-11843	119	8	integrate	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	119	9	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	119	10	assignments	assignment	NOUN
erjee-11843	119	11	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	119	12	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	119	13	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	119	14	applications	application	NOUN
erjee-11843	119	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	119	16	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	119	17	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	119	18	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
erjee-11843	119	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	119	20	quizlet	quizlet	NOUN
erjee-11843	119	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	119	22	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	119	23	anki	anki	PROPN
erjee-11843	119	24	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	119	25	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	119	26	ensure	ensure	VERB
erjee-11843	119	27	consistent	consistent	ADJ
erjee-11843	119	28	engagement	engagement	NOUN
erjee-11843	119	29	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	119	30	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	119	31	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	119	32	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	120	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	120	2	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	120	3	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	120	4	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	120	5	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	120	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	120	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	120	8	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	120	9	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	120	10	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	120	11	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	120	12	3.1	3.1	NUM
erjee-11843	120	13	.	.	NUM
erjee-11843	120	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	120	15	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	120	16	score	score	NOUN
erjee-11843	120	17	was	be	AUX
erjee-11843	120	18	71.4	71.4	NUM
erjee-11843	120	19	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	120	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	120	21	which	which	PRON
erjee-11843	120	22	reflects	reflect	VERB
erjee-11843	120	23	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	120	24	strong	strong	ADJ
erjee-11843	120	25	but	but	CCONJ
erjee-11843	120	26	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	120	27	exceptional	exceptional	ADJ
erjee-11843	120	28	level	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	120	29	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	120	30	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	120	31	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	120	32	among	among	ADP
erjee-11843	120	33	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	120	34	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	121	1	many	many	ADJ
erjee-11843	121	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	121	3	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	121	4	confident	confident	ADJ
erjee-11843	121	5	navigating	navigate	VERB
erjee-11843	121	6	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	121	7	management	management	NOUN
erjee-11843	121	8	systems	system	NOUN
erjee-11843	121	9	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	121	10	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
erjee-11843	121	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	121	12	google	google	PROPN
erjee-11843	121	13	classroom	classroom	NOUN
erjee-11843	121	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	121	15	moodle	moodle	NOUN
erjee-11843	121	16	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	121	17	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	121	18	solving	solve	VERB
erjee-11843	121	19	basic	basic	ADJ
erjee-11843	121	20	technical	technical	ADJ
erjee-11843	121	21	issues	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	121	22	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	121	23	but	but	CCONJ
erjee-11843	121	24	some	some	PRON
erjee-11843	121	25	still	still	ADV
erjee-11843	121	26	face	face	VERB
erjee-11843	121	27	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	121	28	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	121	29	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	121	30	areas	area	NOUN
erjee-11843	121	31	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	122	1	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	122	2	implies	imply	VERB
erjee-11843	122	3	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	122	4	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	122	5	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	122	6	majority	majority	NOUN
erjee-11843	122	7	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	122	8	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	122	9	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	122	10	digitally	digitally	ADV
erjee-11843	122	11	literate	literate	ADJ
erjee-11843	122	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	122	13	additional	additional	ADJ
erjee-11843	122	14	training	training	NOUN
erjee-11843	122	15	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	122	16	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	122	17	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	122	18	troubleshooting	troubleshooting	NOUN
erjee-11843	122	19	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	122	20	managing	manage	VERB
erjee-11843	122	21	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	122	22	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	122	23	could	could	AUX
erjee-11843	122	24	further	far	ADV
erjee-11843	122	25	enhance	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	122	26	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	122	27	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	122	28	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	122	29	independence	independence	NOUN
erjee-11843	122	30	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	122	31	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	122	32	environments	environment	NOUN
erjee-11843	122	33	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	123	1	figure	figure	VERB
erjee-11843	123	2	4	4	NUM
erjee-11843	123	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	124	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	124	2	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	124	3	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	124	4	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	124	5	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	124	6	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	124	7	also	also	ADV
erjee-11843	124	8	reveals	reveal	VERB
erjee-11843	124	9	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	124	10	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	124	11	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	124	12	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	124	13	problem	problem	NOUN
erjee-11843	124	14	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	124	15	solving	solve	VERB
erjee-11843	124	16	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	124	17	remain	remain	VERB
erjee-11843	124	18	areas	area	NOUN
erjee-11843	124	19	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	124	20	improvement	improvement	NOUN
erjee-11843	124	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	124	22	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	124	23	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	124	24	overall	overall	ADJ
erjee-11843	124	25	score	score	NOUN
erjee-11843	124	26	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	124	27	71.4	71.4	NUM
erjee-11843	124	28	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	124	29	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	124	30	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	124	31	3.4	3.4	NUM
erjee-11843	124	32	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	124	33	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	125	1	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	125	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	125	3	confidently	confidently	ADV
erjee-11843	125	4	navigate	navigate	VERB
erjee-11843	125	5	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	125	6	management	management	NOUN
erjee-11843	125	7	systems	system	NOUN
erjee-11843	125	8	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	125	9	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
erjee-11843	125	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	125	11	google	google	PROPN
erjee-11843	125	12	classroom	classroom	NOUN
erjee-11843	125	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	125	14	moodle	moodle	NOUN
erjee-11843	125	15	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	125	16	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	125	17	handle	handle	VERB
erjee-11843	125	18	basic	basic	ADJ
erjee-11843	125	19	troubleshooting	troubleshooting	NOUN
erjee-11843	125	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	125	21	some	some	DET
erjee-11843	125	22	struggle	struggle	NOUN
erjee-11843	125	23	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	125	24	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	125	25	complex	complex	ADJ
erjee-11843	125	26	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	125	27	tasks	task	NOUN
erjee-11843	125	28	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	126	1	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	126	2	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	126	3	particularly	particularly	ADV
erjee-11843	126	4	evident	evident	ADJ
erjee-11843	126	5	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	126	6	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	126	7	19.6%–51.8	19.6%–51.8	PROPN
erjee-11843	126	8	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	126	9	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	126	10	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	126	11	who	who	PRON
erjee-11843	126	12	fall	fall	VERB
erjee-11843	126	13	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	126	14	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	126	15	―developing	―developing	PROPN
erjee-11843	126	16	competence‖	competence‖	NOUN
erjee-11843	126	17	category	category	NOUN
erjee-11843	126	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	126	19	indicating	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	126	20	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	126	21	need	need	NOUN
erjee-11843	126	22	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	126	23	technical	technical	ADJ
erjee-11843	126	24	troubleshooting	troubleshooting	NOUN
erjee-11843	126	25	workshops	workshop	NOUN
erjee-11843	126	26	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	126	27	structured	structure	VERB
erjee-11843	126	28	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	126	29	skill	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	126	30	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	126	31	programs	program	NOUN
erjee-11843	126	32	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	127	1	peer	peer	NOUN
erjee-11843	127	2	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	127	3	assisted	assist	VERB
erjee-11843	127	4	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	127	5	could	could	AUX
erjee-11843	127	6	also	also	ADV
erjee-11843	127	7	be	be	AUX
erjee-11843	127	8	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	127	9	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	127	10	strategy	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	127	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	127	12	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	127	13	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	127	14	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	127	15	mentoring	mentor	VERB
erjee-11843	127	16	those	those	PRON
erjee-11843	127	17	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	127	18	lower	low	ADJ
erjee-11843	127	19	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	127	20	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	127	21	levels	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	127	22	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	127	23	promote	promote	VERB
erjee-11843	127	24	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	127	25	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	127	26	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	127	27	environments	environment	NOUN
erjee-11843	127	28	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	128	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	128	2	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	128	3	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	128	4	collaboration	collaboration	VERB
erjee-11843	128	5	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	128	6	score	score	NOUN
erjee-11843	128	7	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	128	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	128	9	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	128	10	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	128	11	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	128	12	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	128	13	63.5	63.5	NUM
erjee-11843	128	14	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	128	15	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	128	16	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	128	17	3.1	3.1	NUM
erjee-11843	128	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	128	19	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	128	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	128	21	indicating	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	128	22	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	128	23	moderate	moderate	ADJ
erjee-11843	128	24	level	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	128	25	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	128	26	comfort	comfort	NOUN
erjee-11843	128	27	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	128	28	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	128	29	area	area	NOUN
erjee-11843	128	30	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	129	1	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	129	2	feel	feel	VERB
erjee-11843	129	3	fairly	fairly	ADV
erjee-11843	129	4	confident	confident	ADJ
erjee-11843	129	5	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	129	6	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	129	7	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	129	8	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	129	9	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	129	10	communicate	communicate	VERB
erjee-11843	129	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	129	12	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	129	13	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	129	14	writing	write	VERB
erjee-11843	129	15	emails	email	NOUN
erjee-11843	129	16	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	129	17	participating	participate	VERB
erjee-11843	129	18	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	129	19	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	129	20	discussions	discussion	NOUN
erjee-11843	129	21	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	130	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	130	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	130	3	there	there	PRON
erjee-11843	130	4	is	be	VERB
erjee-11843	130	5	significant	significant	ADJ
erjee-11843	130	6	variability	variability	NOUN
erjee-11843	130	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	130	8	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	130	9	some	some	DET
erjee-11843	130	10	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	130	11	expressing	express	VERB
erjee-11843	130	12	discomfort	discomfort	NOUN
erjee-11843	130	13	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	130	14	limited	limited	ADJ
erjee-11843	130	15	experience	experience	NOUN
erjee-11843	130	16	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	130	17	collaborating	collaborate	VERB
erjee-11843	130	18	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	130	19	shared	share	VERB
erjee-11843	130	20	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	130	21	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	130	22	google	google	PROPN
erjee-11843	130	23	docs	doc	NOUN
erjee-11843	130	24	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	130	25	padlet	padlet	NOUN
erjee-11843	130	26	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	131	1	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	131	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	131	3	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	131	4	need	need	NOUN
erjee-11843	131	5	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	131	6	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	131	7	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	131	8	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
erjee-11843	131	9	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	131	10	engage	engage	VERB
erjee-11843	131	11	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	131	12	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	131	13	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	131	14	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	131	15	activities	activity	NOUN
erjee-11843	131	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	131	17	which	which	PRON
erjee-11843	131	18	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	131	19	be	be	AUX
erjee-11843	131	20	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
erjee-11843	131	21	through	through	ADP
erjee-11843	131	22	group	group	NOUN
erjee-11843	131	23	projects	project	NOUN
erjee-11843	131	24	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	131	25	peer	peer	NOUN
erjee-11843	131	26	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	131	27	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	131	28	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	131	29	peer	peer	NOUN
erjee-11843	131	30	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	131	31	tasks	task	NOUN
erjee-11843	131	32	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	132	1	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	132	2	5	5	NUM
erjee-11843	132	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	132	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	132	5	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	132	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	132	7	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	132	8	moreover	moreover	ADV
erjee-11843	132	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	132	10	one	one	NUM
erjee-11843	132	11	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	132	12	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	132	13	most	most	ADV
erjee-11843	132	14	concerning	concern	VERB
erjee-11843	132	15	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	132	16	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	132	17	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	132	18	low	low	ADJ
erjee-11843	132	19	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	132	20	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	132	21	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	132	22	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	132	23	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	132	24	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	132	25	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	132	26	63.5	63.5	NUM
erjee-11843	132	27	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	132	28	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	132	29	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	132	30	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	132	31	3.5	3.5	NUM
erjee-11843	132	32	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	132	33	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	133	1	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	133	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	133	3	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	133	4	familiar	familiar	ADJ
erjee-11843	133	5	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	133	6	emailing	emailing	NOUN
erjee-11843	133	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	133	8	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	133	9	discussions	discussion	NOUN
erjee-11843	133	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	133	11	many	many	ADJ
erjee-11843	133	12	lack	lack	NOUN
erjee-11843	133	13	experience	experience	NOUN
erjee-11843	133	14	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	133	15	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	133	16	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	133	17	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	133	18	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	133	19	google	google	PROPN
erjee-11843	133	20	docs	docs	PROPN
erjee-11843	133	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	133	22	trello	trello	NOUN
erjee-11843	133	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	133	24	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	133	25	padlet	padlet	NOUN
erjee-11843	133	26	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	134	1	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	134	2	deficiency	deficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	134	3	hinders	hinder	VERB
erjee-11843	134	4	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	134	5	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	134	6	ability	ability	NOUN
erjee-11843	134	7	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	134	8	engage	engage	VERB
erjee-11843	134	9	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	134	10	peer	peer	NOUN
erjee-11843	134	11	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	134	12	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	134	13	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	134	14	peer	peer	NOUN
erjee-11843	134	15	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	134	16	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	134	17	co	co	VERB
erjee-11843	134	18	-	-	VERB
erjee-11843	134	19	create	create	VERB
erjee-11843	134	20	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	134	21	content	content	NOUN
erjee-11843	134	22	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	134	23	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	134	24	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	134	25	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	134	26	essential	essential	ADJ
erjee-11843	134	27	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	134	28	both	both	CCONJ
erjee-11843	134	29	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	134	30	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	134	31	professional	professional	ADJ
erjee-11843	134	32	success	success	NOUN
erjee-11843	134	33	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	135	1	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	135	2	address	address	VERB
erjee-11843	135	3	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	135	4	gap	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	135	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	135	6	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	135	7	should	should	AUX
erjee-11843	135	8	integrate	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	135	9	project	project	NOUN
erjee-11843	135	10	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	135	11	based	base	VERB
erjee-11843	135	12	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	135	13	activities	activity	NOUN
erjee-11843	135	14	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	135	15	require	require	VERB
erjee-11843	135	16	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	135	17	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	135	18	collaborate	collaborate	VERB
erjee-11843	135	19	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	135	20	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	135	21	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	135	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	136	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
erjee-11843	136	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	136	3	peer	peer	NOUN
erjee-11843	136	4	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	136	5	review	review	NOUN
erjee-11843	136	6	exercises	exercise	NOUN
erjee-11843	136	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	136	8	real	real	ADJ
erjee-11843	136	9	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	136	10	time	time	NOUN
erjee-11843	136	11	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	136	12	writing	writing	NOUN
erjee-11843	136	13	assignments	assignment	NOUN
erjee-11843	136	14	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	136	15	improve	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	136	16	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	136	17	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	136	18	confidence	confidence	NOUN
erjee-11843	136	19	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	136	20	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	136	21	teamwork	teamwork	NOUN
erjee-11843	136	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	1	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	137	2	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	3	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	137	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	137	5	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	6	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	137	7	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	137	8	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	9	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	137	10	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	137	11	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	13	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	137	14	score	score	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	15	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	137	16	68	68	NUM
erjee-11843	137	17	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	18	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	19	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	20	1	1	NUM
erjee-11843	137	21	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	22	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	23	which	which	PRON
erjee-11843	137	24	indicates	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	137	25	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	137	26	most	most	ADJ
erjee-11843	137	27	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	28	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	137	29	familiar	familiar	ADJ
erjee-11843	137	30	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	137	31	basic	basic	ADJ
erjee-11843	137	32	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	137	33	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	34	practices	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	35	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	36	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	137	37	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	137	38	recognizing	recognize	VERB
erjee-11843	137	39	phishing	phishe	VERB
erjee-11843	137	40	attempts	attempt	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	41	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	137	42	review	review	PROPN
erjee-11843	137	43	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	44	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	45	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	137	46	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	137	47	education	education	PROPN
erjee-11843	137	48	p	p	PROPN
erjee-11843	137	49	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	50	issn	issn	PROPN
erjee-11843	137	51	2301	2301	NUM
erjee-11843	137	52	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	137	53	7554	7554	NUM
erjee-11843	137	54	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	55	e	e	X
erjee-11843	137	56	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	57	issn	issn	VERB
erjee-11843	137	58	2541	2541	NUM
erjee-11843	137	59	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	137	60	3643	3643	NUM
erjee-11843	137	61	volume	volume	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	62	13	13	NUM
erjee-11843	137	63	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	64	issue	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	65	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	137	66	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	137	67	june	june	PROPN
erjee-11843	137	68	2025	2025	NUM
erjee-11843	137	69	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	PROPN
erjee-11843	137	70	683	683	NUM
erjee-11843	137	71	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	137	72	protecting	protect	VERB
erjee-11843	137	73	personal	personal	ADJ
erjee-11843	137	74	information	information	NOUN
erjee-11843	137	75	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	138	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	138	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	138	3	only	only	ADV
erjee-11843	138	4	around	around	ADV
erjee-11843	138	5	30	30	NUM
erjee-11843	138	6	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	138	7	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	138	8	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	138	9	feel	feel	VERB
erjee-11843	138	10	fully	fully	ADV
erjee-11843	138	11	confident	confident	ADJ
erjee-11843	138	12	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	138	13	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
erjee-11843	138	14	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	138	15	credibility	credibility	NOUN
erjee-11843	138	16	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	138	17	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	138	18	sources	source	NOUN
erjee-11843	138	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	138	20	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	138	21	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	138	22	skill	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	138	23	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	138	24	today	today	NOUN
erjee-11843	138	25	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	138	26	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	138	27	learning	learning	PROPN
erjee-11843	138	28	environment	environment	NOUN
erjee-11843	138	29	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	139	1	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	139	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	139	3	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	139	4	need	need	NOUN
erjee-11843	139	5	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	139	6	further	further	ADJ
erjee-11843	139	7	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	139	8	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	139	9	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	139	10	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	139	11	help	help	VERB
erjee-11843	139	12	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	139	13	become	become	VERB
erjee-11843	139	14	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	139	15	adept	adept	ADJ
erjee-11843	139	16	at	at	ADP
erjee-11843	139	17	assessing	assess	VERB
erjee-11843	139	18	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	139	19	quality	quality	NOUN
erjee-11843	139	20	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	139	21	reliability	reliability	NOUN
erjee-11843	139	22	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	139	23	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	139	24	information	information	NOUN
erjee-11843	139	25	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	139	26	encounter	encounter	VERB
erjee-11843	139	27	online	online	ADV
erjee-11843	139	28	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	139	29	particularly	particularly	ADV
erjee-11843	139	30	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	139	31	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	139	32	context	context	NOUN
erjee-11843	139	33	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	139	34	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	139	35	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	139	36	materials	material	NOUN
erjee-11843	139	37	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	140	1	figure	figure	VERB
erjee-11843	140	2	6	6	NUM
erjee-11843	140	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	140	4	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	140	5	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	140	7	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	140	8	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	9	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	140	10	terms	term	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	11	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	140	12	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	140	13	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	14	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	140	15	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	140	16	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	140	18	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	19	scored	score	VERB
erjee-11843	140	20	68	68	NUM
erjee-11843	140	21	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	22	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	140	23	figure	figure	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	24	3.6	3.6	NUM
erjee-11843	140	25	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	140	26	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	140	27	indicating	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	140	28	moderate	moderate	ADJ
erjee-11843	140	29	awareness	awareness	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	30	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	140	31	cybersecurity	cybersecurity	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	32	practices	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	33	but	but	CCONJ
erjee-11843	140	34	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	140	35	lack	lack	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	36	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	140	37	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	140	38	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	39	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	40	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	140	41	assessing	assess	VERB
erjee-11843	140	42	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	140	43	content	content	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	44	credibility	credibility	NOUN
erjee-11843	140	45	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	141	1	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	141	2	significant	significant	ADJ
erjee-11843	141	3	portion	portion	NOUN
erjee-11843	141	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	141	5	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	141	6	struggles	struggle	VERB
erjee-11843	141	7	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	141	8	recognizing	recognize	VERB
erjee-11843	141	9	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
erjee-11843	141	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	141	11	verifying	verifying	NOUN
erjee-11843	141	12	sources	source	NOUN
erjee-11843	141	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	141	14	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	141	15	protecting	protect	VERB
erjee-11843	141	16	personal	personal	ADJ
erjee-11843	141	17	data	datum	NOUN
erjee-11843	141	18	online	online	ADV
erjee-11843	141	19	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	142	1	given	give	VERB
erjee-11843	142	2	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	142	3	increasing	increase	VERB
erjee-11843	142	4	reliance	reliance	NOUN
erjee-11843	142	5	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	142	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	142	7	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	142	8	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	142	9	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	142	10	settings	setting	NOUN
erjee-11843	142	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	142	12	it	it	PRON
erjee-11843	142	13	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	142	14	essential	essential	ADJ
erjee-11843	142	15	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	142	16	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
erjee-11843	142	17	fact	fact	NOUN
erjee-11843	142	18	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	142	19	checking	check	VERB
erjee-11843	142	20	exercises	exercise	NOUN
erjee-11843	142	21	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	142	22	cybersecurity	cybersecurity	NOUN
erjee-11843	142	23	awareness	awareness	NOUN
erjee-11843	142	24	training	training	NOUN
erjee-11843	142	25	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	142	26	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	142	27	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	142	28	instruction	instruction	NOUN
erjee-11843	142	29	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	143	1	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	143	2	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	143	3	design	design	VERB
erjee-11843	143	4	activities	activity	NOUN
erjee-11843	143	5	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	143	6	require	require	VERB
erjee-11843	143	7	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	143	8	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	143	9	analyze	analyze	VERB
erjee-11843	143	10	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	143	11	credibility	credibility	NOUN
erjee-11843	143	12	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	143	13	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	143	14	sources	source	NOUN
erjee-11843	143	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	143	16	recognize	recognize	VERB
erjee-11843	143	17	phishing	phishe	VERB
erjee-11843	143	18	attempts	attempt	NOUN
erjee-11843	143	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	143	20	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	143	21	practice	practice	VERB
erjee-11843	143	22	safe	safe	ADJ
erjee-11843	143	23	data	datum	NOUN
erjee-11843	143	24	management	management	NOUN
erjee-11843	143	25	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	144	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	144	2	interventions	intervention	NOUN
erjee-11843	144	3	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	144	4	help	help	VERB
erjee-11843	144	5	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	144	6	become	become	VERB
erjee-11843	144	7	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	144	8	responsible	responsible	ADJ
erjee-11843	144	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	144	10	citizens	citizen	NOUN
erjee-11843	144	11	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	144	12	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	144	13	consumers	consumer	NOUN
erjee-11843	144	14	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	144	15	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	144	16	information	information	NOUN
erjee-11843	144	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	145	1	overall	overall	ADV
erjee-11843	145	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	145	3	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	145	4	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	145	5	highlights	highlight	VERB
erjee-11843	145	6	both	both	DET
erjee-11843	145	7	strengths	strength	NOUN
erjee-11843	145	8	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	145	9	gaps	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	145	10	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	145	11	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	145	12	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	145	13	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	145	14	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	145	15	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	145	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	146	1	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	146	2	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	146	3	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	146	4	proficient	proficient	ADJ
erjee-11843	146	5	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	146	6	basic	basic	ADJ
erjee-11843	146	7	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	146	8	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	146	9	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	146	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	146	11	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	146	12	ability	ability	NOUN
erjee-11843	146	13	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	146	14	critically	critically	ADV
erjee-11843	146	15	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
erjee-11843	146	16	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	146	17	information	information	NOUN
erjee-11843	146	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	146	19	collaborate	collaborate	VERB
erjee-11843	146	20	effectively	effectively	ADV
erjee-11843	146	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	146	22	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	146	23	integrate	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	146	24	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	146	25	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	146	26	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	146	27	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	146	28	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	146	29	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	146	30	remains	remain	VERB
erjee-11843	146	31	underdeveloped	underdeveloped	ADJ
erjee-11843	146	32	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	147	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	147	2	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	147	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	147	4	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	147	5	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	147	6	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
erjee-11843	147	7	interventions	intervention	NOUN
erjee-11843	147	8	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	147	9	necessary	necessary	ADJ
erjee-11843	147	10	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	147	11	enhance	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	147	12	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	147	13	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	147	14	instruction	instruction	NOUN
erjee-11843	147	15	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	147	16	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	147	17	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	147	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	148	1	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	148	2	should	should	AUX
erjee-11843	148	3	implement	implement	VERB
erjee-11843	148	4	differentiated	differentiated	ADJ
erjee-11843	148	5	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	148	6	models	model	NOUN
erjee-11843	148	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	148	8	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	148	9	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	148	10	introductory	introductory	ADJ
erjee-11843	148	11	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	148	12	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	148	13	workshops	workshop	NOUN
erjee-11843	148	14	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	148	15	low	low	ADJ
erjee-11843	148	16	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	148	17	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	148	18	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	148	19	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	148	20	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	148	21	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	148	22	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	148	23	activities	activity	NOUN
erjee-11843	148	24	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	148	25	highly	highly	ADV
erjee-11843	148	26	proficient	proficient	ADJ
erjee-11843	148	27	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	148	28	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	149	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
erjee-11843	149	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	149	3	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
erjee-11843	149	4	blended	blend	VERB
erjee-11843	149	5	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	149	6	approaches	approach	NOUN
erjee-11843	149	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	149	8	project	project	NOUN
erjee-11843	149	9	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	149	10	based	base	VERB
erjee-11843	149	11	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	149	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	149	13	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	149	14	targeted	target	VERB
erjee-11843	149	15	cybersecurity	cybersecurity	NOUN
erjee-11843	149	16	training	training	NOUN
erjee-11843	149	17	will	will	AUX
erjee-11843	149	18	ensure	ensure	VERB
erjee-11843	149	19	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	149	20	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	149	21	develop	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	149	22	well	well	ADV
erjee-11843	149	23	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	149	24	rounded	round	VERB
erjee-11843	149	25	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	149	26	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	149	27	aligned	align	VERB
erjee-11843	149	28	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	149	29	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	149	30	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	149	31	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	149	32	standards	standard	NOUN
erjee-11843	149	33	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	150	1	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	150	2	addressing	address	VERB
erjee-11843	150	3	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	150	4	gaps	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	150	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	150	6	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	150	7	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	150	8	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	150	9	better	well	ADV
erjee-11843	150	10	equip	equip	VERB
erjee-11843	150	11	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	150	12	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	150	13	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	150	14	necessary	necessary	ADJ
erjee-11843	150	15	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	150	16	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	150	17	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	150	18	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	150	19	success	success	NOUN
erjee-11843	150	20	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	150	21	professional	professional	ADJ
erjee-11843	150	22	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	150	23	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	150	24	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	150	25	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
erjee-11843	150	26	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	150	27	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	150	28	driven	drive	VERB
erjee-11843	150	29	world	world	NOUN
erjee-11843	150	30	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	151	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	151	3	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	4	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	151	5	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	151	6	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	7	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	151	8	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	9	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	151	10	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	11	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	12	enhancing	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	151	13	purposeful	purposeful	ADJ
erjee-11843	151	14	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	15	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	151	16	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	17	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	151	18	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	19	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	20	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	151	21	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	22	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	151	23	already	already	ADV
erjee-11843	151	24	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	151	25	various	various	ADJ
erjee-11843	151	26	technological	technological	ADJ
erjee-11843	151	27	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	28	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	151	29	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	151	30	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	151	31	targeted	target	VERB
erjee-11843	151	32	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	33	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	151	34	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	151	35	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	36	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	151	37	support	support	VERB
erjee-11843	151	38	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	151	39	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	40	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	151	41	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	42	will	will	AUX
erjee-11843	151	43	maximize	maximize	VERB
erjee-11843	151	44	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	151	45	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
erjee-11843	151	46	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	1	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	152	2	example:1	example:1	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	3	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	4	multimedia	multimedia	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	5	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	6	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	7	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	8	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	152	9	videos	video	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	11	podcasts	podcast	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	13	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	152	14	interactive	interactive	ADJ
erjee-11843	152	15	simulations	simulation	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	16	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	152	17	be	be	AUX
erjee-11843	152	18	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	152	19	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
erjee-11843	152	20	integrated	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	152	21	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	152	22	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	23	courses	course	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	24	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	152	25	develop	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	152	26	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	152	27	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	28	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	152	29	listening	listen	VERB
erjee-11843	152	30	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	31	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	32	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	33	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	34	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	152	35	contextual	contextual	ADJ
erjee-11843	152	36	understanding	understanding	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	37	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	152	38	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	39	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	40	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	41	2	2	X
erjee-11843	152	42	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	43	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	44	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	152	45	applications	application	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	46	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	47	encourage	encourage	VERB
erjee-11843	152	48	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	152	49	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	50	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	152	51	apps	app	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	52	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	152	53	duolingo	duolingo	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	54	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	55	babbel	babbel	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	56	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	57	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	152	58	anki	anki	PROPN
erjee-11843	152	59	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	152	60	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
erjee-11843	152	61	building	building	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	62	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	63	daily	daily	ADJ
erjee-11843	152	64	practice	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	65	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	152	66	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	152	67	grammar	grammar	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	68	exercises	exercise	NOUN
erjee-11843	152	69	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	153	2	applications	application	NOUN
erjee-11843	153	3	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	153	4	complement	complement	VERB
erjee-11843	153	5	formal	formal	ADJ
erjee-11843	153	6	classroom	classroom	NOUN
erjee-11843	153	7	instruction	instruction	NOUN
erjee-11843	153	8	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	153	9	provide	provide	VERB
erjee-11843	153	10	personalized	personalized	ADJ
erjee-11843	153	11	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	153	12	experiences	experience	NOUN
erjee-11843	153	13	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	14	alakrash	alakrash	NOUN
erjee-11843	153	15	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	153	16	razak	razak	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	18	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	153	19	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	20	dev	dev	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	21	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	153	22	schleyer	schleyer	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	24	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	153	25	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	26	fan	fan	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	27	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	28	2016	2016	NUM
erjee-11843	153	29	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	30	indrastana	indrastana	NOUN
erjee-11843	153	31	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	32	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	153	33	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	34	jegadeesan	jegadeesan	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	35	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	153	36	akkara	akkara	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	37	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	38	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	153	39	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	40	li	li	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	41	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	42	2019	2019	NUM
erjee-11843	153	43	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	44	sari	sari	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	45	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	153	46	abrar	abrar	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	47	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	48	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	153	49	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	50	serajuddin	serajuddin	VERB
erjee-11843	153	51	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	52	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	153	53	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	54	shukr	shukr	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	55	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	153	56	jameel	jameel	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	57	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	58	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	153	59	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	60	tomita	tomita	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	61	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	62	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	153	63	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	64	vijayakumar	vijayakumar	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	65	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	153	66	karthikeyan	karthikeyan	PROPN
erjee-11843	153	67	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	68	2019	2019	NUM
erjee-11843	153	69	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	70	yadav	yadav	NOUN
erjee-11843	153	71	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	72	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	153	73	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	153	74	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
erjee-11843	154	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	3	educators	educator	NOUN
erjee-11843	154	4	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	154	5	create	create	VERB
erjee-11843	154	6	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	154	7	lesson	lesson	NOUN
erjee-11843	154	8	plans	plan	NOUN
erjee-11843	154	9	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	154	10	integrate	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	154	11	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	154	12	directly	directly	ADV
erjee-11843	154	13	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	154	14	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	154	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
erjee-11843	154	16	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	17	amarullah	amarullah	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	18	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	154	19	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	21	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	154	22	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	23	caviglia	caviglia	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	24	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	25	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	26	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	27	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	28	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	154	29	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	30	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	31	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	32	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	154	33	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	34	inamorato	inamorato	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	35	dos	dos	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	36	santos	santos	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	37	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	38	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	39	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	40	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	41	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	154	42	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	43	kassymova	kassymova	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	44	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	45	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	46	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	47	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	48	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	154	49	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	50	kreuder	kreuder	NOUN
erjee-11843	154	51	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	52	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	53	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	54	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	55	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	154	56	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	57	pan	pan	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	58	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	59	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	60	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	61	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	62	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	154	63	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	64	priyantin	priyantin	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	65	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	154	66	herawati	herawati	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	67	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	68	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	154	69	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	70	scheel	scheel	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	71	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	72	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	73	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	74	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	75	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	154	76	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	77	tomczyk	tomczyk	NOUN
erjee-11843	154	78	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	154	79	edisherashvili	edisherashvili	NOUN
erjee-11843	154	80	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	81	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	154	82	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	83	tóth	tóth	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	84	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	85	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	86	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	154	87	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	88	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	154	89	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	154	90	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	155	1	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	155	2	instance	instance	NOUN
erjee-11843	155	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	155	4	assigning	assign	VERB
erjee-11843	155	5	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	155	6	video	video	NOUN
erjee-11843	155	7	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	155	8	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	155	9	apps	app	NOUN
erjee-11843	155	10	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	155	11	homework	homework	NOUN
erjee-11843	155	12	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	155	13	provide	provide	VERB
erjee-11843	155	14	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	155	15	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	155	16	clear	clear	ADJ
erjee-11843	155	17	goals	goal	NOUN
erjee-11843	155	18	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	155	19	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	155	20	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	155	21	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	155	22	effectively	effectively	ADV
erjee-11843	155	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	156	1	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	156	2	ensures	ensure	VERB
erjee-11843	156	3	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	156	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	156	5	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	156	6	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	156	7	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	156	8	just	just	ADV
erjee-11843	156	9	supplementary	supplementary	ADJ
erjee-11843	156	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	156	11	but	but	CCONJ
erjee-11843	156	12	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	156	13	core	core	NOUN
erjee-11843	156	14	part	part	NOUN
erjee-11843	156	15	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	156	16	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	156	17	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	156	18	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	156	19	process	process	NOUN
erjee-11843	156	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	157	1	ikhfi	ikhfi	PROPN
erjee-11843	157	2	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	157	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	157	4	akhmad	akhmad	PROPN
erjee-11843	157	5	zakky	zakky	VERB
erjee-11843	157	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	158	1	deni	deni	PROPN
erjee-11843	158	2	yuliana	yuliana	PROPN
erjee-11843	158	3	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	158	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	158	5	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	158	7	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	8	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	9	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	10	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	158	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	12	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	158	13	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	158	14	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	15	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	158	16	684	684	NUM
erjee-11843	158	17	developing	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	158	18	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	158	19	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	158	20	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	21	spaces	space	VERB
erjee-11843	158	22	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	158	23	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	158	24	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	25	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	158	26	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	27	scores	score	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	28	indicate	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	158	29	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	158	30	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	31	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	158	32	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	158	33	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	34	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	158	35	google	google	PROPN
erjee-11843	158	36	docs	doc	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	37	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	158	38	but	but	CCONJ
erjee-11843	158	39	there	there	PRON
erjee-11843	158	40	is	be	VERB
erjee-11843	158	41	potential	potential	ADJ
erjee-11843	158	42	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	158	43	expanding	expand	VERB
erjee-11843	158	44	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	158	45	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	46	experiences	experience	NOUN
erjee-11843	158	47	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	159	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	159	2	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	159	3	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	159	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	159	5	peer	peer	NOUN
erjee-11843	159	6	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	159	7	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	159	8	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	159	9	peer	peer	NOUN
erjee-11843	159	10	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	159	11	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	159	12	significantly	significantly	ADV
erjee-11843	159	13	enhance	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	159	14	speaking	speak	VERB
erjee-11843	159	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	159	16	writing	writing	NOUN
erjee-11843	159	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	159	18	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	159	19	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	159	20	thinking	thinking	NOUN
erjee-11843	159	21	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	159	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	1	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	160	2	example	example	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	3	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	4	1	1	X
erjee-11843	160	5	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	6	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	160	7	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	8	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	9	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	10	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	160	11	padlet	padlet	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	13	trello	trello	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	15	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	160	16	miro	miro	PROPN
erjee-11843	160	17	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	160	18	be	be	AUX
erjee-11843	160	19	introduced	introduce	VERB
erjee-11843	160	20	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	160	21	group	group	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	22	projects	project	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	23	where	where	SCONJ
erjee-11843	160	24	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	25	work	work	VERB
erjee-11843	160	26	together	together	ADV
erjee-11843	160	27	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	160	28	real	real	ADJ
erjee-11843	160	29	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	30	time	time	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	31	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	32	sharing	share	VERB
erjee-11843	160	33	insights	insight	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	34	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	160	35	practicing	practice	VERB
erjee-11843	160	36	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	37	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	38	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	160	39	authentic	authentic	ADJ
erjee-11843	160	40	contexts	context	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	41	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	42	2	2	X
erjee-11843	160	43	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	44	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	160	45	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	46	exchanges	exchange	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	47	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	48	encourage	encourage	VERB
erjee-11843	160	49	participation	participation	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	50	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	160	51	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	160	52	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	53	exchange	exchange	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	54	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	55	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	160	56	conversation	conversation	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	57	partner	partner	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	58	programs	program	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	59	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	60	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	160	61	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	160	62	tandem	tandem	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	63	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	160	64	hellotalk	hellotalk	NOUN
erjee-11843	160	65	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	160	66	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	161	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	161	2	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	161	3	offer	offer	VERB
erjee-11843	161	4	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
erjee-11843	161	5	for	for	SCONJ
erjee-11843	161	6	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	161	7	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	161	8	practice	practice	VERB
erjee-11843	161	9	speaking	speak	VERB
erjee-11843	161	10	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	161	11	listening	listen	VERB
erjee-11843	161	12	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	161	13	native	native	ADJ
erjee-11843	161	14	speakers	speaker	NOUN
erjee-11843	161	15	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	161	16	azieva	azieva	PROPN
erjee-11843	161	17	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	161	18	khakimova	khakimova	PROPN
erjee-11843	161	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	161	20	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	161	21	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	161	22	hsu	hsu	PROPN
erjee-11843	161	23	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	161	24	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	161	25	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	161	26	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	161	27	2011	2011	NUM
erjee-11843	161	28	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	161	29	sá	sá	PROPN
erjee-11843	161	30	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	161	31	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	161	32	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	161	33	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	161	34	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	161	35	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	161	36	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	162	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	162	2	line	line	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	3	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	162	4	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	162	5	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	162	6	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	162	8	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	9	platform	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	162	11	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	162	12	faculty	faculty	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	13	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	162	14	organize	organize	VERB
erjee-11843	162	15	regular	regular	ADJ
erjee-11843	162	16	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	162	17	group	group	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	18	activities	activity	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	162	20	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	162	21	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	162	22	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	162	23	writing	writing	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	24	projects	project	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	25	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	162	26	virtual	virtual	ADJ
erjee-11843	162	27	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	28	exchange	exchange	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	29	events	event	NOUN
erjee-11843	162	30	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	162	31	gunarathna	gunarathna	PROPN
erjee-11843	162	32	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	162	33	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	162	34	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	162	35	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	162	36	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	162	37	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	162	38	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	163	1	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	163	2	creates	create	VERB
erjee-11843	163	3	more	more	ADJ
erjee-11843	163	4	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
erjee-11843	163	5	for	for	SCONJ
erjee-11843	163	6	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	163	7	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	163	8	engage	engage	VERB
erjee-11843	163	9	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	163	10	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
erjee-11843	163	11	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	163	12	practice	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	163	13	through	through	ADP
erjee-11843	163	14	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	163	15	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	163	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	164	1	improving	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	164	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	164	3	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	164	4	through	through	ADP
erjee-11843	164	5	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	164	6	resource	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	164	7	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
erjee-11843	164	8	although	although	SCONJ
erjee-11843	164	9	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	164	10	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
erjee-11843	164	11	good	good	ADJ
erjee-11843	164	12	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	164	13	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	164	14	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	164	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	164	16	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	164	17	ability	ability	NOUN
erjee-11843	164	18	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	164	19	critically	critically	ADV
erjee-11843	164	20	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
erjee-11843	164	21	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	164	22	credibility	credibility	NOUN
erjee-11843	164	23	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	164	24	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	164	25	sources	source	NOUN
erjee-11843	164	26	could	could	AUX
erjee-11843	164	27	be	be	AUX
erjee-11843	164	28	improved	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	164	29	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	165	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	165	2	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	165	3	world	world	NOUN
erjee-11843	165	4	where	where	SCONJ
erjee-11843	165	5	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
erjee-11843	165	6	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	165	7	rampant	rampant	ADJ
erjee-11843	165	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	165	9	it	it	PRON
erjee-11843	165	10	’s	’	VERB
erjee-11843	165	11	crucial	crucial	ADJ
erjee-11843	165	12	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	165	13	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	165	14	learn	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	165	15	how	how	SCONJ
erjee-11843	165	16	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	165	17	assess	assess	VERB
erjee-11843	165	18	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	165	19	quality	quality	NOUN
erjee-11843	165	20	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	165	21	trustworthiness	trustworthiness	NOUN
erjee-11843	165	22	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	165	23	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	165	24	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	165	25	materials	material	NOUN
erjee-11843	165	26	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	165	27	encounter	encounter	VERB
erjee-11843	165	28	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	1	so	so	ADV
erjee-11843	166	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	3	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	166	4	support	support	VERB
erjee-11843	166	5	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	166	6	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	166	7	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	166	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	166	9	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	166	10	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	166	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	12	it	it	PRON
erjee-11843	166	13	might	might	AUX
erjee-11843	166	14	be	be	AUX
erjee-11843	166	15	held	hold	VERB
erjee-11843	166	16	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	166	17	workshops	workshop	NOUN
erjee-11843	166	18	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	166	19	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	166	20	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	166	21	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	22	harisanty	harisanty	NOUN
erjee-11843	166	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	24	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	166	25	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	26	hartanto	hartanto	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	27	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	28	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	29	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	30	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	31	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	166	32	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	33	iskandar	iskandar	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	34	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	35	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	36	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	37	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	38	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	166	39	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	40	lestari	lestari	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	41	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	166	42	santoso	santoso	NOUN
erjee-11843	166	43	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	44	2019	2019	NUM
erjee-11843	166	45	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	46	normuratova	normuratova	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	47	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	48	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	166	49	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	50	pertiwi	pertiwi	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	51	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	166	52	musthafa	musthafa	NOUN
erjee-11843	166	53	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	54	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	166	55	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	56	rochanaphapayon	rochanaphapayon	NOUN
erjee-11843	166	57	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	58	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	166	59	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	60	son	son	NOUN
erjee-11843	166	61	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	62	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	166	63	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	64	subkhi	subkhi	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	65	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	166	66	tyas	tyas	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	67	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	68	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	166	69	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	70	wang	wang	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	71	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	72	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	166	73	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	74	zakharevych	zakharevych	NOUN
erjee-11843	166	75	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	166	76	hryhorenko	hryhorenko	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	77	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	78	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	166	79	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	80	zhang	zhang	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	81	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	82	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	83	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	166	84	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	85	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	166	86	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	166	87	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	167	1	organizing	organize	VERB
erjee-11843	167	2	workshops	workshop	NOUN
erjee-11843	167	3	focused	focus	VERB
erjee-11843	167	4	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	167	5	identifying	identify	VERB
erjee-11843	167	6	reliable	reliable	ADJ
erjee-11843	167	7	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	167	8	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	167	9	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	167	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	167	11	checking	check	VERB
erjee-11843	167	12	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	167	13	credentials	credential	NOUN
erjee-11843	167	14	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	167	15	authors	author	NOUN
erjee-11843	167	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	167	17	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	167	18	verifying	verify	VERB
erjee-11843	167	19	information	information	NOUN
erjee-11843	167	20	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	167	21	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
erjee-11843	167	22	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	167	23	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	167	24	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	167	25	thinking	thinking	NOUN
erjee-11843	167	26	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	167	27	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	167	28	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	167	29	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	167	30	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	167	31	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	167	32	indah	indah	NOUN
erjee-11843	167	33	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	167	34	2017	2017	NUM
erjee-11843	167	35	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	167	36	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	168	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
erjee-11843	168	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	168	3	teaching	teach	VERB
erjee-11843	168	4	them	they	PRON
erjee-11843	168	5	how	how	SCONJ
erjee-11843	168	6	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	168	7	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	168	8	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	168	9	databases	database	NOUN
erjee-11843	168	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	168	11	library	library	NOUN
erjee-11843	168	12	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	168	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	168	14	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	168	15	citation	citation	NOUN
erjee-11843	168	16	managers	manager	NOUN
erjee-11843	168	17	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	168	18	zotero	zotero	PROPN
erjee-11843	168	19	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	168	20	mendeley	mendeley	NOUN
erjee-11843	168	21	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	168	22	improve	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	168	23	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	168	24	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	168	25	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	168	26	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	168	27	gürdür	gürdür	NOUN
erjee-11843	168	28	broo	broo	PROPN
erjee-11843	168	29	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	168	30	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	168	31	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	168	32	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	168	33	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	168	34	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	168	35	er	er	INTJ
erjee-11843	168	36	ifonluo	ifonluo	PROPN
erjee-11843	168	37	lu	lu	PROPN
erjee-11843	168	38	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	168	39	gonulal	gonulal	PROPN
erjee-11843	168	40	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	168	41	2018	2018	NUM
erjee-11843	168	42	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	168	43	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	168	44	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	168	45	birmingham	birmingham	PROPN
erjee-11843	168	46	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	168	47	2014	2014	NUM
erjee-11843	168	48	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	168	49	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	169	1	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
erjee-11843	169	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	169	3	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	169	4	modules	module	NOUN
erjee-11843	169	5	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	169	6	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	169	7	embedded	embed	VERB
erjee-11843	169	8	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	169	9	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	169	10	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	169	11	courses	course	NOUN
erjee-11843	169	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	170	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	170	2	modules	module	NOUN
erjee-11843	170	3	should	should	AUX
erjee-11843	170	4	focus	focus	VERB
erjee-11843	170	5	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	170	6	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	170	7	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	170	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	170	9	factchecking	factchecking	NOUN
erjee-11843	170	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	170	11	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	170	12	avoiding	avoid	VERB
erjee-11843	170	13	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
erjee-11843	170	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	170	15	ensuring	ensure	VERB
erjee-11843	170	16	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	170	17	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	170	18	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	170	19	well	well	ADV
erjee-11843	170	20	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	170	21	equipped	equip	VERB
erjee-11843	170	22	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	170	23	navigate	navigate	VERB
erjee-11843	170	24	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	170	25	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	170	26	effectively	effectively	ADV
erjee-11843	170	27	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	171	1	fostering	foster	VERB
erjee-11843	171	2	continuous	continuous	ADJ
erjee-11843	171	3	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	171	4	via	via	ADP
erjee-11843	171	5	self	self	NOUN
erjee-11843	171	6	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	171	7	paced	pace	VERB
erjee-11843	171	8	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	171	9	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	171	10	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	171	11	moderate	moderate	ADJ
erjee-11843	171	12	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	171	13	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	171	14	applications	application	NOUN
erjee-11843	171	15	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	171	16	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
erjee-11843	171	17	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	171	18	suggests	suggest	VERB
erjee-11843	171	19	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	171	20	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	171	21	could	could	AUX
erjee-11843	171	22	benefit	benefit	VERB
erjee-11843	171	23	from	from	ADP
erjee-11843	171	24	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	171	25	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	171	26	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	171	27	approach	approach	NOUN
erjee-11843	171	28	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	171	29	self	self	NOUN
erjee-11843	171	30	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	171	31	paced	pace	VERB
erjee-11843	171	32	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	171	33	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	171	34	subkhi	subkhi	PROPN
erjee-11843	171	35	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	171	36	tyas	tyas	PROPN
erjee-11843	171	37	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	171	38	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	171	39	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	171	40	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	172	1	many	many	ADJ
erjee-11843	172	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	172	3	might	might	AUX
erjee-11843	172	4	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	172	5	applications	application	NOUN
erjee-11843	172	6	sporadically	sporadically	ADV
erjee-11843	172	7	without	without	ADP
erjee-11843	172	8	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	172	9	them	they	PRON
erjee-11843	172	10	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	172	11	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	172	12	daily	daily	ADJ
erjee-11843	172	13	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	172	14	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	172	15	routine	routine	NOUN
erjee-11843	172	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	173	1	application	application	NOUN
erjee-11843	173	2	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	173	3	quizlet	quizlet	NOUN
erjee-11843	173	4	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	173	5	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
erjee-11843	173	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	173	7	anki	anki	PROPN
erjee-11843	173	8	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	173	9	flashcards	flashcard	NOUN
erjee-11843	173	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	173	11	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	173	12	even	even	ADV
erjee-11843	173	13	ai	ai	AUX
erjee-11843	173	14	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	173	15	based	base	VERB
erjee-11843	173	16	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	173	17	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	173	18	grammarly	grammarly	ADV
erjee-11843	173	19	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	173	20	writing	write	VERB
erjee-11843	173	21	practice	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	173	22	could	could	AUX
erjee-11843	173	23	be	be	AUX
erjee-11843	173	24	promoted	promote	VERB
erjee-11843	173	25	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	173	26	daily	daily	ADJ
erjee-11843	173	27	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	173	28	habits	habit	NOUN
erjee-11843	173	29	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	173	30	chiang	chiang	PROPN
erjee-11843	173	31	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	173	32	2016	2016	NUM
erjee-11843	173	33	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	173	34	situmorang	situmorang	PROPN
erjee-11843	173	35	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	173	36	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	173	37	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	173	38	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	173	39	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	173	40	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	173	41	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	174	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	174	2	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	174	3	assign	assign	VERB
erjee-11843	174	4	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	174	5	tasks	task	NOUN
erjee-11843	174	6	within	within	ADP
erjee-11843	174	7	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	174	8	apps	app	NOUN
erjee-11843	174	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	174	10	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	174	11	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	174	12	new	new	ADJ
erjee-11843	174	13	vocabulary	vocabulary	ADJ
erjee-11843	174	14	words	word	NOUN
erjee-11843	174	15	daily	daily	ADV
erjee-11843	174	16	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	174	17	practicing	practice	VERB
erjee-11843	174	18	grammar	grammar	NOUN
erjee-11843	174	19	exercises	exercise	NOUN
erjee-11843	174	20	based	base	VERB
erjee-11843	174	21	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	174	22	class	class	NOUN
erjee-11843	174	23	topics	topic	NOUN
erjee-11843	174	24	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	175	1	integrate	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	175	2	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	175	3	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	175	4	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	175	5	classroom	classroom	NOUN
erjee-11843	175	6	goals	goal	NOUN
erjee-11843	175	7	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	175	8	assigning	assign	VERB
erjee-11843	175	9	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	175	10	tasks	task	NOUN
erjee-11843	175	11	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	175	12	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	175	13	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	175	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	175	15	tracking	track	VERB
erjee-11843	175	16	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	175	17	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	175	18	progress	progress	NOUN
erjee-11843	175	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	175	20	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	175	21	incentivizing	incentivize	VERB
erjee-11843	175	22	daily	daily	ADJ
erjee-11843	175	23	usage	usage	NOUN
erjee-11843	175	24	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	176	1	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	176	2	example	example	NOUN
erjee-11843	176	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	176	4	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	176	5	could	could	AUX
erjee-11843	176	6	be	be	AUX
erjee-11843	176	7	required	require	VERB
erjee-11843	176	8	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	176	9	complete	complete	VERB
erjee-11843	176	10	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	176	11	set	set	ADJ
erjee-11843	176	12	number	number	NOUN
erjee-11843	176	13	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	176	14	flashcards	flashcard	NOUN
erjee-11843	176	15	daily	daily	ADV
erjee-11843	176	16	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	176	17	submit	submit	VERB
erjee-11843	176	18	written	write	VERB
erjee-11843	176	19	assignments	assignment	NOUN
erjee-11843	176	20	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	176	21	utilize	utilize	VERB
erjee-11843	176	22	grammar	grammar	NOUN
erjee-11843	176	23	correction	correction	NOUN
erjee-11843	176	24	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	176	25	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	177	1	promoting	promote	VERB
erjee-11843	177	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	177	3	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	4	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	177	5	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	6	given	give	VERB
erjee-11843	177	7	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	177	8	score	score	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	9	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	177	10	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	177	11	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	177	13	further	further	ADJ
erjee-11843	177	14	efforts	effort	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	15	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	177	16	be	be	AUX
erjee-11843	177	17	made	make	VERB
erjee-11843	177	18	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	177	19	enhance	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	177	20	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	21	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	177	22	awareness	awareness	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	23	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	177	24	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	177	25	security	security	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	26	issues	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	27	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	177	28	un	un	PROPN
erjee-11843	177	29	secretary	secretary	PROPN
erjee-11843	177	30	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	177	31	general	general	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	32	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	177	33	high	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	177	34	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	177	35	level	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	36	panel	panel	NOUN
erjee-11843	177	37	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	177	38	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	177	39	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	177	40	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	1	this	this	PRON
erjee-11843	178	2	could	could	AUX
erjee-11843	178	3	include	include	VERB
erjee-11843	178	4	training	training	NOUN
erjee-11843	178	5	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	178	6	cybersecurity	cybersecurity	NOUN
erjee-11843	178	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	8	teaching	teach	VERB
erjee-11843	178	9	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	178	10	how	how	SCONJ
erjee-11843	178	11	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	178	12	protect	protect	VERB
erjee-11843	178	13	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	178	14	data	datum	NOUN
erjee-11843	178	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	16	avoid	avoid	VERB
erjee-11843	178	17	scams	scam	NOUN
erjee-11843	178	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	19	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	178	20	responsibly	responsibly	ADV
erjee-11843	178	21	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	178	22	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	178	23	internet	internet	NOUN
erjee-11843	178	24	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	178	25	crucial	crucial	ADJ
erjee-11843	178	26	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	27	especially	especially	ADV
erjee-11843	178	28	when	when	SCONJ
erjee-11843	178	29	engaging	engage	VERB
erjee-11843	178	30	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	178	31	global	global	ADJ
erjee-11843	178	32	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	178	33	platforms	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	178	34	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	35	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	36	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	37	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	178	38	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	39	inamorato	inamorato	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	40	dos	dos	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	41	santos	santos	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	42	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	43	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	44	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	45	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	46	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	178	47	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	48	indrastana	indrastana	NOUN
erjee-11843	178	49	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	50	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	178	51	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	52	jegadeesan	jegadeesan	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	53	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	178	54	akkara	akkara	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	55	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	56	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	178	57	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	58	kassymova	kassymova	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	59	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	60	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	61	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	62	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	63	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	178	64	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	65	neupane	neupane	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	66	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	67	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	68	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	69	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	70	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	178	71	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	72	priyantin	priyantin	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	73	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	178	74	herawati	herawati	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	75	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	76	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	178	77	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	78	sari	sari	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	79	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	178	80	abrar	abrar	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	81	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	82	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	178	83	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	84	scheel	scheel	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	85	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	86	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	87	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	88	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	89	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	178	90	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	91	zheng	zheng	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	92	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	93	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	94	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	178	95	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	96	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	178	97	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	178	98	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	179	1	courses	course	NOUN
erjee-11843	179	2	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	179	3	modules	module	NOUN
erjee-11843	179	4	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	179	5	cyber	cyber	NOUN
erjee-11843	179	6	hygiene	hygiene	NOUN
erjee-11843	179	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	179	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	179	9	ethics	ethic	NOUN
erjee-11843	179	10	should	should	AUX
erjee-11843	179	11	be	be	AUX
erjee-11843	179	12	part	part	NOUN
erjee-11843	179	13	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	179	14	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	179	15	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
erjee-11843	179	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	180	1	create	create	VERB
erjee-11843	180	2	dedicated	dedicated	ADJ
erjee-11843	180	3	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	180	4	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	180	5	sessions	session	NOUN
erjee-11843	180	6	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	180	7	teach	teach	VERB
erjee-11843	180	8	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	180	9	how	how	SCONJ
erjee-11843	180	10	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	180	11	recognize	recognize	VERB
erjee-11843	180	12	phishing	phishe	VERB
erjee-11843	180	13	scams	scam	NOUN
erjee-11843	180	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	180	15	protect	protect	VERB
erjee-11843	180	16	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	180	17	personal	personal	ADJ
erjee-11843	180	18	information	information	NOUN
erjee-11843	180	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	180	20	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	180	21	understand	understand	VERB
erjee-11843	180	22	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	180	23	privacy	privacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	180	24	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	180	25	gulyamov	gulyamov	PROPN
erjee-11843	180	26	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	180	27	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	180	28	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	180	29	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	180	30	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	180	31	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	180	32	harahan	harahan	PROPN
erjee-11843	180	33	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	180	34	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	180	35	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	180	36	stepney	stepney	PROPN
erjee-11843	180	37	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	180	38	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	180	39	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	180	40	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	180	41	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	180	42	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	180	43	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	181	1	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	181	2	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	181	3	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
erjee-11843	181	4	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	181	5	broader	broad	ADJ
erjee-11843	181	6	discussions	discussion	NOUN
erjee-11843	181	7	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	181	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	181	9	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
erjee-11843	181	10	will	will	AUX
erjee-11843	181	11	help	help	VERB
erjee-11843	181	12	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	181	13	become	become	VERB
erjee-11843	181	14	responsible	responsible	ADJ
erjee-11843	181	15	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	181	16	users	user	NOUN
erjee-11843	181	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	1	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	2	review	review	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	3	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	4	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	182	6	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	182	7	education	education	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	8	p	p	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	9	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	10	issn	issn	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	11	2301	2301	NUM
erjee-11843	182	12	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	182	13	7554	7554	NUM
erjee-11843	182	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	15	e	e	X
erjee-11843	182	16	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	17	issn	issn	VERB
erjee-11843	182	18	2541	2541	NUM
erjee-11843	182	19	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	182	20	3643	3643	NUM
erjee-11843	182	21	volume	volume	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	22	13	13	NUM
erjee-11843	182	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	24	issue	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	25	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	182	26	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	27	june	june	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	28	2025	2025	NUM
erjee-11843	182	29	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	30	685	685	NUM
erjee-11843	182	31	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	182	32	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	33	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	34	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	182	35	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	36	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	37	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	38	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	182	39	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	40	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	182	41	at	at	ADP
erjee-11843	182	42	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	182	43	advanced	advanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	182	44	level	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	45	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	46	indicating	indicate	VERB
erjee-11843	182	47	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	182	48	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	182	49	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	182	50	well	well	ADV
erjee-11843	182	51	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	52	equipped	equip	VERB
erjee-11843	182	53	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	182	54	engage	engage	VERB
erjee-11843	182	55	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	182	56	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	182	57	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	58	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	182	59	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	60	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	61	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	62	archiyesa	archiyesa	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	63	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	64	2019	2019	NUM
erjee-11843	182	65	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	66	caviglia	caviglia	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	67	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	68	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	69	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	70	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	71	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	182	72	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	73	hidalgo	hidalgo	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	74	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	75	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	76	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	77	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	78	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	182	79	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	80	inamorato	inamorato	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	81	dos	dos	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	82	santos	santos	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	83	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	84	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	85	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	86	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	87	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	182	88	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	89	pan	pan	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	90	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	91	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	92	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	93	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	94	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	182	95	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	96	pertiwi	pertiwi	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	97	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	182	98	musthafa	musthafa	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	99	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	100	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	182	101	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	102	rajović	rajović	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	103	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	182	104	denić	denić	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	105	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	106	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	182	107	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	108	sánchez	sánchez	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	109	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	110	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	182	111	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	112	tomczyk	tomczyk	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	113	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	182	114	edisherashvili	edisherashvili	NOUN
erjee-11843	182	115	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	116	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	182	117	;	;	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	118	tóth	tóth	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	119	et	et	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	120	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	121	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	182	122	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	123	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	182	124	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	182	125	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	183	1	however	however	ADV
erjee-11843	183	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	183	3	there	there	PRON
erjee-11843	183	4	are	be	VERB
erjee-11843	183	5	areas	area	NOUN
erjee-11843	183	6	where	where	SCONJ
erjee-11843	183	7	more	more	ADJ
erjee-11843	183	8	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	183	9	guidance	guidance	NOUN
erjee-11843	183	10	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	183	11	targeted	target	VERB
erjee-11843	183	12	interventions	intervention	NOUN
erjee-11843	183	13	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	183	14	improve	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	183	15	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	183	16	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	183	17	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	183	18	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	183	19	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	183	20	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	183	21	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	183	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	184	1	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	184	2	focusing	focus	VERB
erjee-11843	184	3	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	184	4	improving	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	184	5	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	184	6	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	184	8	fostering	foster	VERB
erjee-11843	184	9	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	184	10	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	184	11	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	184	13	promoting	promote	VERB
erjee-11843	184	14	consistent	consistent	ADJ
erjee-11843	184	15	usage	usage	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	16	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	184	17	self	self	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	18	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	184	19	paced	pace	VERB
erjee-11843	184	20	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	21	apps	app	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	22	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	184	23	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	184	24	enhancing	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	184	25	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	184	26	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	27	awareness	awareness	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	28	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	184	29	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	184	30	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	31	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	184	32	further	far	ADV
erjee-11843	184	33	elevate	elevate	VERB
erjee-11843	184	34	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	184	35	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	36	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	184	37	its	its	PRON
erjee-11843	184	38	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	184	39	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	184	40	environment	environment	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	41	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	184	42	ensure	ensure	VERB
erjee-11843	184	43	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	44	make	make	VERB
erjee-11843	184	45	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	184	46	most	most	ADJ
erjee-11843	184	47	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	184	48	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	49	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	184	50	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	51	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
erjee-11843	184	52	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	185	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
erjee-11843	185	2	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	185	3	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	185	4	reveals	reveal	VERB
erjee-11843	185	5	that	that	SCONJ
erjee-11843	185	6	while	while	SCONJ
erjee-11843	185	7	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	185	8	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	185	9	generally	generally	ADV
erjee-11843	185	10	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
erjee-11843	185	11	strong	strong	ADJ
erjee-11843	185	12	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	185	13	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	185	14	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	185	15	71	71	NUM
erjee-11843	185	16	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	185	17	overall	overall	ADJ
erjee-11843	185	18	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	185	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	185	20	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	185	21	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	185	22	varies	vary	VERB
erjee-11843	185	23	across	across	ADP
erjee-11843	185	24	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	185	25	domains	domain	NOUN
erjee-11843	185	26	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	186	1	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	2	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
erjee-11843	186	3	high	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	186	4	confidence	confidence	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	5	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	186	6	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	186	7	general	general	ADJ
erjee-11843	186	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	186	9	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	10	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	186	11	84	84	NUM
erjee-11843	186	12	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	13	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	186	14	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	186	15	moderate	moderate	ADJ
erjee-11843	186	16	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	17	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	186	18	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	19	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	20	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	186	21	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	22	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	23	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	186	24	68	68	NUM
erjee-11843	186	25	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	26	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	186	27	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	186	28	yet	yet	CCONJ
erjee-11843	186	29	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	186	30	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	186	31	communication	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	32	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	186	33	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	34	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	35	remain	remain	VERB
erjee-11843	186	36	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	186	37	weakest	weak	ADJ
erjee-11843	186	38	area	area	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	39	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	186	40	63.5	63.5	NUM
erjee-11843	186	41	%	%	NOUN
erjee-11843	186	42	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	186	43	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	187	1	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	187	2	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	187	3	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
erjee-11843	187	4	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	187	5	need	need	NOUN
erjee-11843	187	6	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	187	7	structured	structured	ADJ
erjee-11843	187	8	pedagogical	pedagogical	ADJ
erjee-11843	187	9	support	support	NOUN
erjee-11843	187	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	187	11	particularly	particularly	ADV
erjee-11843	187	12	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	187	13	enhancing	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	187	14	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	187	15	platform	platform	NOUN
erjee-11843	187	16	usage	usage	NOUN
erjee-11843	187	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	187	18	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	187	19	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
erjee-11843	187	20	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	187	21	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	187	22	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	187	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	187	24	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	187	25	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	187	26	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	187	27	awareness	awareness	NOUN
erjee-11843	187	28	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	188	1	rather	rather	ADV
erjee-11843	188	2	than	than	ADP
erjee-11843	188	3	viewing	view	VERB
erjee-11843	188	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	188	5	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	188	6	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	188	7	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	188	8	singular	singular	ADJ
erjee-11843	188	9	skill	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	188	10	set	set	VERB
erjee-11843	188	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	188	12	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	188	13	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	188	14	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
erjee-11843	188	15	approach	approach	NOUN
erjee-11843	188	16	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	188	17	required	require	VERB
erjee-11843	188	18	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	188	19	address	address	VERB
erjee-11843	188	20	specific	specific	ADJ
erjee-11843	188	21	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	188	22	within	within	ADP
erjee-11843	188	23	different	different	ADJ
erjee-11843	188	24	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	188	25	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	188	26	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
erjee-11843	188	27	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	189	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
erjee-11843	189	2	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	189	3	insights	insight	NOUN
erjee-11843	189	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	189	5	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	189	6	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	189	7	has	have	VERB
erjee-11843	189	8	several	several	ADJ
erjee-11843	189	9	limitations	limitation	NOUN
erjee-11843	189	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	190	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	190	2	reliance	reliance	NOUN
erjee-11843	190	3	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	190	4	self	self	NOUN
erjee-11843	190	5	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	190	6	reported	report	VERB
erjee-11843	190	7	data	datum	NOUN
erjee-11843	190	8	through	through	ADP
erjee-11843	190	9	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
erjee-11843	190	10	introduces	introduce	VERB
erjee-11843	190	11	potential	potential	ADJ
erjee-11843	190	12	bias	bias	NOUN
erjee-11843	190	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	190	14	as	as	SCONJ
erjee-11843	190	15	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	190	16	may	may	AUX
erjee-11843	190	17	overestimate	overestimate	VERB
erjee-11843	190	18	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	190	19	underestimate	underestimate	VERB
erjee-11843	190	20	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	190	21	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	190	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	191	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
erjee-11843	191	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	191	3	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	191	4	sample	sample	NOUN
erjee-11843	191	5	size	size	NOUN
erjee-11843	191	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	191	7	demographic	demographic	ADJ
erjee-11843	191	8	scope	scope	NOUN
erjee-11843	191	9	may	may	AUX
erjee-11843	191	10	not	not	PART
erjee-11843	191	11	fully	fully	ADV
erjee-11843	191	12	represent	represent	VERB
erjee-11843	191	13	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	191	14	diversity	diversity	NOUN
erjee-11843	191	15	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	191	16	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	191	17	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	191	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	191	19	affecting	affect	VERB
erjee-11843	191	20	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	191	21	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
erjee-11843	191	22	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	191	23	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	191	24	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	191	25	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	192	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	192	2	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	192	3	also	also	ADV
erjee-11843	192	4	focuses	focus	VERB
erjee-11843	192	5	only	only	ADV
erjee-11843	192	6	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	192	7	five	five	NUM
erjee-11843	192	8	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
erjee-11843	192	9	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	192	10	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	192	11	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	192	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	192	13	excluding	exclude	VERB
erjee-11843	192	14	other	other	ADJ
erjee-11843	192	15	crucial	crucial	ADJ
erjee-11843	192	16	aspects	aspect	NOUN
erjee-11843	192	17	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	192	18	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	192	19	creativity	creativity	NOUN
erjee-11843	192	20	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	192	21	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	192	22	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	192	23	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	192	24	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	192	25	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	192	26	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	192	27	emerging	emerge	VERB
erjee-11843	192	28	technologies	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	192	29	like	like	ADP
erjee-11843	192	30	ai	ai	NOUN
erjee-11843	192	31	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	192	32	vr	vr	PROPN
erjee-11843	192	33	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	193	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
erjee-11843	193	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	193	3	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	193	4	absence	absence	NOUN
erjee-11843	193	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	193	6	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
erjee-11843	193	7	data	datum	NOUN
erjee-11843	193	8	limits	limit	VERB
erjee-11843	193	9	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	193	10	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	193	11	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	193	12	ability	ability	NOUN
erjee-11843	193	13	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	193	14	track	track	VERB
erjee-11843	193	15	how	how	SCONJ
erjee-11843	193	16	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	193	17	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	193	18	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	193	19	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	193	20	evolves	evolve	VERB
erjee-11843	193	21	over	over	ADP
erjee-11843	193	22	time	time	NOUN
erjee-11843	193	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	194	1	future	future	ADJ
erjee-11843	194	2	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	194	3	should	should	AUX
erjee-11843	194	4	address	address	VERB
erjee-11843	194	5	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	194	6	gaps	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	194	7	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	194	8	employing	employ	VERB
erjee-11843	194	9	objective	objective	ADJ
erjee-11843	194	10	assessments	assessment	NOUN
erjee-11843	194	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	194	12	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	194	13	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	194	14	practical	practical	ADJ
erjee-11843	194	15	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	194	16	skill	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	194	17	tests	test	NOUN
erjee-11843	194	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	194	19	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	194	20	validate	validate	VERB
erjee-11843	194	21	selfreported	selfreporte	VERB
erjee-11843	194	22	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	194	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	195	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
erjee-11843	195	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	195	3	exploring	explore	VERB
erjee-11843	195	4	emerging	emerge	VERB
erjee-11843	195	5	technologies	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	195	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	195	7	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	195	8	impact	impact	NOUN
erjee-11843	195	9	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	195	10	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	195	11	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	195	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	195	13	such	such	ADJ
erjee-11843	195	14	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	195	15	ai	ai	NOUN
erjee-11843	195	16	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	195	17	powered	power	VERB
erjee-11843	195	18	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	195	19	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	195	20	immersive	immersive	VERB
erjee-11843	195	21	vr	vr	NOUN
erjee-11843	195	22	environments	environment	NOUN
erjee-11843	195	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	195	24	would	would	AUX
erjee-11843	195	25	provide	provide	VERB
erjee-11843	195	26	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	195	27	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	195	28	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
erjee-11843	195	29	perspective	perspective	NOUN
erjee-11843	195	30	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	196	1	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
erjee-11843	196	2	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	196	3	tracking	track	VERB
erjee-11843	196	4	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	196	5	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	196	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	196	7	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	196	8	over	over	ADP
erjee-11843	196	9	multiple	multiple	ADJ
erjee-11843	196	10	semesters	semester	NOUN
erjee-11843	196	11	could	could	AUX
erjee-11843	196	12	reveal	reveal	VERB
erjee-11843	196	13	developmental	developmental	ADJ
erjee-11843	196	14	trends	trend	NOUN
erjee-11843	196	15	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	196	16	inform	inform	VERB
erjee-11843	196	17	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	196	18	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	196	19	instructional	instructional	ADJ
erjee-11843	196	20	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	196	21	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	197	1	expanding	expand	VERB
erjee-11843	197	2	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	197	3	participant	participant	ADJ
erjee-11843	197	4	pool	pool	NOUN
erjee-11843	197	5	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	197	6	include	include	VERB
erjee-11843	197	7	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	197	8	diverse	diverse	ADJ
erjee-11843	197	9	learner	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	197	10	backgrounds	background	NOUN
erjee-11843	197	11	will	will	AUX
erjee-11843	197	12	also	also	ADV
erjee-11843	197	13	enhance	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	197	14	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	197	15	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
erjee-11843	197	16	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	197	17	future	future	ADJ
erjee-11843	197	18	findings	finding	NOUN
erjee-11843	197	19	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	198	1	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	198	2	addressing	address	VERB
erjee-11843	198	3	these	these	DET
erjee-11843	198	4	areas	area	NOUN
erjee-11843	198	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	198	6	future	future	ADJ
erjee-11843	198	7	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	198	8	can	can	AUX
erjee-11843	198	9	contribute	contribute	VERB
erjee-11843	198	10	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	198	11	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	198	12	more	more	ADV
erjee-11843	198	13	holistic	holistic	ADJ
erjee-11843	198	14	understanding	understanding	NOUN
erjee-11843	198	15	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	198	16	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	198	17	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	198	18	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	198	19	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	198	20	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	198	21	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	198	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	199	1	acknowledgement	acknowledgement	NOUN
erjee-11843	199	2	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	199	3	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	199	4	was	be	AUX
erjee-11843	199	5	presented	present	VERB
erjee-11843	199	6	at	at	ADP
erjee-11843	199	7	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	199	8	15th	15th	ADJ
erjee-11843	199	9	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	199	10	free	free	ADJ
erjee-11843	199	11	linguistics	linguistics	PROPN
erjee-11843	199	12	conference	conference	NOUN
erjee-11843	199	13	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	199	14	flc	flc	PROPN
erjee-11843	199	15	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	199	16	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	199	17	september	september	PROPN
erjee-11843	199	18	30	30	NUM
erjee-11843	199	19	october	october	PROPN
erjee-11843	199	20	6	6	NUM
erjee-11843	199	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	199	22	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	199	23	at	at	ADP
erjee-11843	199	24	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	199	25	jayakarta	jayakarta	PROPN
erjee-11843	199	26	hotel	hotel	PROPN
erjee-11843	199	27	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	199	28	labuan	labuan	PROPN
erjee-11843	199	29	bajo	bajo	PROPN
erjee-11843	199	30	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	199	31	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
erjee-11843	199	32	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	199	33	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	199	34	was	be	AUX
erjee-11843	199	35	funded	fund	VERB
erjee-11843	199	36	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	199	37	universitas	universita	NOUN
erjee-11843	199	38	muhammadiyah	muhammadiyah	ADP
erjee-11843	199	39	tangerang	tangerang	PROPN
erjee-11843	199	40	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	200	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	200	2	authors	author	NOUN
erjee-11843	200	3	were	be	AUX
erjee-11843	200	4	appreciative	appreciative	ADJ
erjee-11843	200	5	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	200	6	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	200	7	financial	financial	ADJ
erjee-11843	200	8	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	200	9	institutional	institutional	ADJ
erjee-11843	200	10	support	support	NOUN
erjee-11843	200	11	that	that	PRON
erjee-11843	200	12	enabled	enable	VERB
erjee-11843	200	13	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	200	14	completion	completion	NOUN
erjee-11843	200	15	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	200	16	distribution	distribution	NOUN
erjee-11843	200	17	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	200	18	this	this	DET
erjee-11843	200	19	work	work	NOUN
erjee-11843	200	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	201	1	references	reference	NOUN
erjee-11843	201	2	alakrash	alakrash	PROPN
erjee-11843	201	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	201	4	h.	h.	PROPN
erjee-11843	201	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	201	6	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	201	7	razak	razak	PROPN
erjee-11843	201	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	201	9	n.	n.	NOUN
erjee-11843	201	10	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	201	11	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	201	12	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	201	13	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	201	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	202	1	technologybased	technologybase	VERB
erjee-11843	202	2	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	202	3	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	202	4	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	202	5	investigation	investigation	NOUN
erjee-11843	202	6	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	202	7	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	202	8	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	202	9	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	202	10	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	202	11	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	202	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	203	1	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
erjee-11843	203	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	203	3	13(21	13(21	NUM
erjee-11843	203	4	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	203	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	203	6	12304	12304	NUM
erjee-11843	203	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	204	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112304	https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112304	PROPN
erjee-11843	204	2	amarullah	amarullah	PROPN
erjee-11843	204	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	204	4	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	204	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	204	6	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	204	7	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	204	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	204	9	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	204	10	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	204	11	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	204	12	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	204	13	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	205	1	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	205	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
erjee-11843	205	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	205	4	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	205	5	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	205	6	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	205	7	need	need	VERB
erjee-11843	205	8	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	205	9	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	205	10	role	role	NOUN
erjee-11843	205	11	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	205	12	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	205	13	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	205	14	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	205	15	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	205	16	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	205	17	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	205	18	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	205	19	age	age	NOUN
erjee-11843	205	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	206	1	asian	asian	PROPN
erjee-11843	206	2	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	206	3	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	206	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	206	5	27(5.2	27(5.2	NUM
erjee-11843	206	6	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	206	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	206	8	237–250	237–250	NUM
erjee-11843	206	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	207	1	american	american	PROPN
erjee-11843	207	2	library	library	PROPN
erjee-11843	207	3	association	association	PROPN
erjee-11843	207	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	208	1	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	208	2	2016	2016	NUM
erjee-11843	208	3	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	208	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	209	1	association	association	NOUN
erjee-11843	209	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	209	3	college	college	PROPN
erjee-11843	209	4	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	209	5	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	209	6	libraries	library	NOUN
erjee-11843	209	7	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	209	8	cc	cc	NOUN
erjee-11843	209	9	by	by	ADP
erjee-11843	209	10	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	209	11	ncsa	ncsa	PROPN
erjee-11843	209	12	4.0	4.0	NUM
erjee-11843	209	13	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	209	14	1	1	NUM
erjee-11843	209	15	framework	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	209	16	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	209	17	information	information	NOUN
erjee-11843	209	18	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	209	19	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	209	20	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	209	21	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	209	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	210	1	http://www.ala.org/acrl/standards/ilframework	http://www.ala.org/acrl/standards/ilframework	PROPN
erjee-11843	210	2	archiyesa	archiyesa	PROPN
erjee-11843	210	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	210	4	c.	c.	PROPN
erjee-11843	210	5	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	210	6	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	210	7	2019	2019	NUM
erjee-11843	210	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	210	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	211	1	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	211	2	strategy	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	211	3	towards	towards	ADP
erjee-11843	211	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	211	5	competences	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	211	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	211	7	welcoming	welcome	VERB
erjee-11843	211	8	society	society	NOUN
erjee-11843	211	9	5.0	5.0	NUM
erjee-11843	211	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	212	1	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	212	2	basic	basic	ADJ
erjee-11843	212	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	212	4	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	212	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	212	6	4(3	4(3	NUM
erjee-11843	212	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	212	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	212	9	33–45	33–45	NUM
erjee-11843	212	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	213	1	azieva	azieva	PROPN
erjee-11843	213	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	213	3	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	213	4	kh	kh	PROPN
erjee-11843	213	5	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	213	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	213	7	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	213	8	khakimova	khakimova	PROPN
erjee-11843	213	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	213	10	m.	m.	PROPN
erjee-11843	213	11	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	213	12	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	213	13	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	213	14	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	213	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	214	1	digitalization	digitalization	NOUN
erjee-11843	214	2	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	214	3	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	214	4	technologies	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	214	5	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	214	6	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	214	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	215	1	economics	economic	NOUN
erjee-11843	215	2	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	215	3	entrepreneurship	entrepreneurship	NOUN
erjee-11843	215	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	215	5	9	9	NUM
erjee-11843	215	6	.	.	X
erjee-11843	215	7	azzahra	azzahra	PROPN
erjee-11843	215	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	215	9	n.	n.	PROPN
erjee-11843	215	10	f.	f.	PROPN
erjee-11843	215	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	215	12	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	215	13	amanta	amanta	PROPN
erjee-11843	215	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	215	15	f.	f.	PROPN
erjee-11843	215	16	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	215	17	2019	2019	NUM
erjee-11843	215	18	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	215	19	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	216	1	policy	policy	NOUN
erjee-11843	216	2	brief	brief	NOUN
erjee-11843	217	1	no	no	INTJ
erjee-11843	217	2	.	.	NOUN
erjee-11843	217	3	11	11	NUM
erjee-11843	217	4	promoting	promote	VERB
erjee-11843	217	5	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	217	6	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	217	7	skill	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	217	8	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	217	9	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	217	10	through	through	ADP
erjee-11843	217	11	improved	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	217	12	school	school	NOUN
erjee-11843	217	13	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
erjee-11843	217	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	218	1	center	center	NOUN
erjee-11843	218	2	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	218	3	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
erjee-11843	218	4	policy	policy	NOUN
erjee-11843	218	5	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	218	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	218	7	1(11	1(11	NUM
erjee-11843	218	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	218	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	218	10	14	14	NUM
erjee-11843	218	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	219	1	beetham	beetham	PROPN
erjee-11843	219	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	219	3	h.	h.	PROPN
erjee-11843	219	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	219	5	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	219	6	sharpe	sharpe	PROPN
erjee-11843	219	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	219	8	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	219	9	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	219	10	2014	2014	NUM
erjee-11843	219	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	219	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	220	1	rethinking	rethink	VERB
erjee-11843	220	2	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
erjee-11843	220	3	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	220	4	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	220	5	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	220	6	age	age	NOUN
erjee-11843	220	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	221	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	221	2	rethinking	rethink	VERB
erjee-11843	221	3	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
erjee-11843	221	4	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	221	5	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	221	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	221	7	age	age	NOUN
erjee-11843	221	8	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	221	9	2nd	2nd	NOUN
erjee-11843	221	10	edition	edition	PROPN
erjee-11843	221	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	221	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	221	13	https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203078952	https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203078952	PROPN
erjee-11843	222	1	bharathi	bharathi	PROPN
erjee-11843	222	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	222	3	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	222	4	u.	u.	PROPN
erjee-11843	222	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	222	6	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	222	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	222	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	223	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	223	2	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	223	3	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	223	4	teaching	teach	VERB
erjee-11843	223	5	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	223	6	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	223	7	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	223	8	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	223	9	innovative	innovative	ADJ
erjee-11843	223	10	way	way	NOUN
erjee-11843	223	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	224	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112304	https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112304	PROPN
erjee-11843	224	2	ikhfi	ikhfi	VERB
erjee-11843	224	3	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	224	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	224	5	akhmad	akhmad	PROPN
erjee-11843	224	6	zakky	zakky	VERB
erjee-11843	224	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	225	1	deni	deni	PROPN
erjee-11843	225	2	yuliana	yuliana	PROPN
erjee-11843	225	3	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	225	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	225	5	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	225	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	225	7	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	225	8	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	225	9	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	225	10	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	225	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	225	12	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	225	13	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	225	14	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	225	15	use	use	VERB
erjee-11843	225	16	686	686	NUM
erjee-11843	225	17	shanlax	shanlax	ADJ
erjee-11843	225	18	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	225	19	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	225	20	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	225	21	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	225	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	226	1	https://doi.org/10.34293/rtdh.v12is1-dec.47	https://doi.org/10.34293/rtdh.v12is1-dec.47	PROPN
erjee-11843	226	2	braslavska	braslavska	PROPN
erjee-11843	226	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	226	4	o.	o.	PROPN
erjee-11843	226	5	v.	v.	PROPN
erjee-11843	226	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	226	7	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	226	8	ozerova	ozerova	PROPN
erjee-11843	226	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	226	10	l.	l.	PROPN
erjee-11843	226	11	e.	e.	PROPN
erjee-11843	226	12	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	226	13	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	226	14	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	226	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	227	1	formation	formation	NOUN
erjee-11843	227	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	227	3	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	227	4	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	227	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	227	6	future	future	ADJ
erjee-11843	227	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	227	8	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	227	9	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	227	10	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	227	11	institutions	institution	NOUN
erjee-11843	227	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	228	1	проблеми	проблеми	PROPN
erjee-11843	228	2	підготовки	підготовки	PROPN
erjee-11843	228	3	сучасного	сучасного	PROPN
erjee-11843	228	4	вчителя	вчителя	ADJ
erjee-11843	228	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	228	6	1	1	NUM
erjee-11843	228	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	228	8	126–135	126–135	NUM
erjee-11843	228	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	228	10	https://doi.org/10.31499/23074914.1.2022.258486	https://doi.org/10.31499/23074914.1.2022.258486	PROPN
erjee-11843	228	11	buchholz	buchholz	PROPN
erjee-11843	228	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	228	13	b.	b.	PROPN
erjee-11843	228	14	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	228	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	228	16	dehart	dehart	PROPN
erjee-11843	228	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	228	18	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	228	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	228	20	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	228	21	moorman	moorman	PROPN
erjee-11843	228	22	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	228	23	g.	g.	PROPN
erjee-11843	228	24	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	228	25	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	228	26	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	228	27	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	229	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	229	2	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
erjee-11843	229	3	during	during	ADP
erjee-11843	229	4	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	229	5	global	global	ADJ
erjee-11843	229	6	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
erjee-11843	229	7	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	229	8	moving	move	VERB
erjee-11843	229	9	beyond	beyond	ADP
erjee-11843	229	10	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	229	11	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	229	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	230	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	230	2	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	230	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	230	4	adolescent	adolescent	ADJ
erjee-11843	230	5	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	230	6	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	230	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	230	8	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	230	9	vol	vol	NOUN
erjee-11843	230	10	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	230	11	64	64	NUM
erjee-11843	230	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	230	13	issue	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	230	14	1	1	NUM
erjee-11843	230	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	230	16	pp	pp	ADJ
erjee-11843	230	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	230	18	11–17	11–17	NUM
erjee-11843	230	19	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	230	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	231	1	wiley	wiley	PROPN
erjee-11843	231	2	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	231	3	blackwell	blackwell	PROPN
erjee-11843	231	4	publishing	publishing	PROPN
erjee-11843	231	5	ltd	ltd	PROPN
erjee-11843	231	6	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	232	1	https://doi.org/10.1002/jaal.1076	https://doi.org/10.1002/jaal.1076	PROPN
erjee-11843	232	2	cao	cao	PROPN
erjee-11843	232	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	232	4	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	232	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	232	6	bhuvaneswari	bhuvaneswari	PROPN
erjee-11843	232	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	232	8	g.	g.	PROPN
erjee-11843	232	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	232	10	arumugam	arumugam	NOUN
erjee-11843	232	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	232	12	t.	t.	PROPN
erjee-11843	232	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	232	14	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	232	15	aravind	aravind	PROPN
erjee-11843	232	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	232	17	b.	b.	PROPN
erjee-11843	232	18	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	232	19	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	232	20	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	232	21	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	232	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	233	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	233	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	233	3	edge	edge	NOUN
erjee-11843	233	4	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	233	5	examining	examine	VERB
erjee-11843	233	6	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	233	7	relationship	relationship	NOUN
erjee-11843	233	8	between	between	ADP
erjee-11843	233	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	233	10	competency	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	233	11	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	233	12	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	233	13	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	233	14	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
erjee-11843	233	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	234	1	frontiers	frontier	NOUN
erjee-11843	234	2	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	234	3	psychology	psychology	NOUN
erjee-11843	234	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	234	5	14	14	NUM
erjee-11843	234	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	235	1	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1187909	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1187909	PROPN
erjee-11843	235	2	carretero	carretero	NOUN
erjee-11843	235	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	235	4	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	235	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	235	6	vuorikari	vuorikari	PROPN
erjee-11843	235	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	235	8	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	235	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	235	10	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	235	11	punie	punie	PROPN
erjee-11843	235	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	235	13	y.	y.	PROPN
erjee-11843	235	14	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	235	15	2017	2017	NUM
erjee-11843	235	16	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	235	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	236	1	digcomp	digcomp	NOUN
erjee-11843	236	2	2.1	2.1	NUM
erjee-11843	236	3	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	236	4	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	236	5	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	236	6	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	236	7	framework	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	236	8	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	236	9	citizens	citizen	NOUN
erjee-11843	236	10	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	236	11	eight	eight	NUM
erjee-11843	236	12	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
erjee-11843	236	13	levels	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	236	14	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	236	15	examples	example	NOUN
erjee-11843	236	16	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	236	17	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	236	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	237	1	https://api.semanticscholar.org/corpusid:1134	https://api.semanticscholar.org/corpusid:1134	PROPN
erjee-11843	237	2	91725	91725	NUM
erjee-11843	237	3	caviglia	caviglia	PROPN
erjee-11843	237	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	237	5	f.	f.	PROPN
erjee-11843	237	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	237	7	boie	boie	VERB
erjee-11843	237	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	238	1	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	238	2	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	238	3	k.	k.	PROPN
erjee-11843	238	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	238	5	dalsgaard	dalsgaard	PROPN
erjee-11843	238	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	238	7	c.	c.	PROPN
erjee-11843	238	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	238	9	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	238	10	pedersen	pedersen	PROPN
erjee-11843	238	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	238	12	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	238	13	y.	y.	PROPN
erjee-11843	238	14	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	238	15	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	238	16	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	238	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	239	1	bringing	bring	VERB
erjee-11843	239	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	239	3	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	239	4	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	239	5	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	239	6	disciplines	discipline	NOUN
erjee-11843	239	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	240	1	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	240	2	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
erjee-11843	240	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	241	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/20004508.2024.231884	https://doi.org/10.1080/20004508.2024.231884	PROPN
erjee-11843	241	2	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	241	3	chiang	chiang	PROPN
erjee-11843	241	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	241	5	i.-c	i.-c	PROPN
erjee-11843	241	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	242	1	n.	n.	NOUN
erjee-11843	242	2	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	242	3	2016	2016	NUM
erjee-11843	242	4	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	242	5	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	243	1	reading	read	VERB
erjee-11843	243	2	habits	habit	NOUN
erjee-11843	243	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	243	4	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	243	5	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	243	6	achievements	achievement	NOUN
erjee-11843	243	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	243	8	principles	principle	NOUN
erjee-11843	243	9	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	243	10	deep	deep	ADJ
erjee-11843	243	11	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
erjee-11843	243	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	244	1	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
erjee-11843	244	2	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	244	3	literature	literature	NOUN
erjee-11843	244	4	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	244	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	244	6	4(3	4(3	NUM
erjee-11843	244	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	244	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	244	9	203–212	203–212	NUM
erjee-11843	244	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	245	1	https://doi.org/10.13189/lls.2016.040304	https://doi.org/10.13189/lls.2016.040304	PROPN
erjee-11843	245	2	dev	dev	PROPN
erjee-11843	245	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	245	4	p.	p.	PROPN
erjee-11843	245	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	245	6	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	245	7	schleyer	schleyer	PROPN
erjee-11843	245	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	245	9	t.	t.	PROPN
erjee-11843	245	10	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	245	11	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	245	12	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	245	13	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	246	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	246	2	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	246	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	246	4	health	health	NOUN
erjee-11843	246	5	science	science	NOUN
erjee-11843	246	6	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	246	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	247	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	247	2	e.	e.	PROPN
erjee-11843	247	3	h.	h.	PROPN
erjee-11843	247	4	shortliffe	shortliffe	PROPN
erjee-11843	247	5	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	247	6	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	247	7	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	247	8	cimino	cimino	PROPN
erjee-11843	247	9	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	247	10	eds	ed	NOUN
erjee-11843	247	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	247	12	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	247	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	247	14	biomedical	biomedical	ADJ
erjee-11843	247	15	informatics	informatic	NOUN
erjee-11843	247	16	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	247	17	computer	computer	NOUN
erjee-11843	247	18	applications	application	NOUN
erjee-11843	247	19	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	247	20	health	health	NOUN
erjee-11843	247	21	care	care	NOUN
erjee-11843	247	22	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	247	23	biomedicine	biomedicine	NOUN
erjee-11843	247	24	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	247	25	pp	pp	ADV
erjee-11843	247	26	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	248	1	841–865	841–865	NUM
erjee-11843	248	2	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	248	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	249	1	springer	springer	NOUN
erjee-11843	249	2	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	249	3	publishing	publishing	NOUN
erjee-11843	249	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	250	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58721-5_25	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58721-5_25	PROPN
erjee-11843	250	2	fadilah	fadilah	PROPN
erjee-11843	250	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	250	4	e.	e.	PROPN
erjee-11843	250	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	250	6	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	250	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	250	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	251	1	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	251	2	multifaceted	multifaceted	ADJ
erjee-11843	251	3	framework	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	251	4	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	251	5	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	251	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	251	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	251	8	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	251	9	transforming	transform	VERB
erjee-11843	251	10	human	human	ADJ
erjee-11843	251	11	resources	resource	NOUN
erjee-11843	251	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	252	1	ijee	ijee	PROPN
erjee-11843	252	2	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	252	3	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
erjee-11843	252	4	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	252	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	252	6	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	252	7	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	252	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	252	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	252	10	10(2	10(2	NUM
erjee-11843	252	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	252	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	252	13	462–486	462–486	NUM
erjee-11843	252	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	252	15	https://doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v10i2.34208	https://doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v10i2.34208	PROPN
erjee-11843	253	1	fan	fan	PROPN
erjee-11843	253	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	253	3	v.	v.	ADP
erjee-11843	253	4	s.-y	s.-y	NOUN
erjee-11843	253	5	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	254	1	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	254	2	2016	2016	NUM
erjee-11843	254	3	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	254	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	255	1	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	255	2	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	255	3	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	255	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	255	5	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	255	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	255	7	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
erjee-11843	255	8	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	255	9	support	support	VERB
erjee-11843	255	10	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	255	11	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	255	12	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	255	13	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	255	14	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	255	15	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	255	16	engagements	engagement	NOUN
erjee-11843	255	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	256	1	https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/180	https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/180	PROPN
erjee-11843	256	2	7/72188/1	7/72188/1	NUM
erjee-11843	256	3	/	/	SYM
erjee-11843	256	4	fan_valerie_s_201606_mt_mtrp	fan_valerie_s_201606_mt_mtrp	PROPN
erjee-11843	256	5	.pdf	.pdf	PROPN
erjee-11843	256	6	ferrari	ferrari	PROPN
erjee-11843	256	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	256	8	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	256	9	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	256	10	2013	2013	NUM
erjee-11843	256	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	256	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	257	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	257	2	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	257	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	257	4	practice	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	257	5	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	257	6	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	257	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
erjee-11843	257	8	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	257	9	frameworks	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	257	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	258	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	258	2	joint	joint	ADJ
erjee-11843	258	3	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	258	4	centre	centre	NOUN
erjee-11843	258	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	258	6	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	258	7	european	european	PROPN
erjee-11843	258	8	commission	commission	PROPN
erjee-11843	258	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	259	1	https://doi.org/10.2791/82116	https://doi.org/10.2791/82116	PROPN
erjee-11843	259	2	giannikas	giannikas	PROPN
erjee-11843	259	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	259	4	c.	c.	PROPN
erjee-11843	259	5	n.	n.	PROPN
erjee-11843	259	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	259	7	tsagari	tsagari	PROPN
erjee-11843	259	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	259	9	d.	d.	PROPN
erjee-11843	259	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	259	11	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	259	12	liontou	liontou	PROPN
erjee-11843	259	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	259	14	t.	t.	NOUN
erjee-11843	259	15	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	259	16	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	259	17	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	259	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	260	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	260	2	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	260	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	260	4	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	260	5	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	260	6	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	260	7	pp	pp	ADJ
erjee-11843	260	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	261	1	189–202	189–202	NUM
erjee-11843	261	2	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	261	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	262	1	https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-79988717-1.ch010	https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-79988717-1.ch010	PROPN
erjee-11843	262	2	gulyamov	gulyamov	PROPN
erjee-11843	262	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	262	4	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	262	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	262	6	babaev	babaev	PROPN
erjee-11843	262	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	262	8	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	262	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	262	10	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	262	11	rakhmatov	rakhmatov	PROPN
erjee-11843	262	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	262	13	u.	u.	PROPN
erjee-11843	262	14	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	262	15	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	262	16	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	262	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	263	1	building	build	VERB
erjee-11843	263	2	cybersecurity	cybersecurity	NOUN
erjee-11843	263	3	culture	culture	NOUN
erjee-11843	263	4	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	263	5	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	263	6	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	263	7	imperative	imperative	ADJ
erjee-11843	263	8	for	for	SCONJ
erjee-11843	263	9	youth	youth	NOUN
erjee-11843	263	10	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	263	11	thrive	thrive	VERB
erjee-11843	263	12	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	263	13	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	263	14	society	society	NOUN
erjee-11843	263	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	264	1	2(5	2(5	NUM
erjee-11843	264	2	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	264	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	264	4	1–10	1–10	NOUN
erjee-11843	264	5	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	1	https://doi.org/10.59022/ujldp.218	https://doi.org/10.59022/ujldp.218	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	2	gunarathna	gunarathna	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	4	c.	c.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	6	yang	yang	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	8	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	9	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	11	mudiyanselage	mudiyanselage	NOUN
erjee-11843	265	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	13	p.	p.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	14	w.	w.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	16	amarasinghe	amarasinghe	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	18	g.	g.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	20	samarasinghalage	samarasinghalage	NOUN
erjee-11843	265	21	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	22	t.	t.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	23	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	24	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	25	weerasinghe	weerasinghe	ADJ
erjee-11843	265	26	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	27	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	28	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	29	zhao	zhao	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	30	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	31	h.	h.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	32	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	33	zhang	zhang	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	34	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	35	c.	c.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	36	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	37	liu	liu	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	38	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	39	c.	c.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	40	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	41	wang	wang	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	42	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	43	k.	k.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	44	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	45	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	265	46	jayakumari	jayakumari	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	47	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	48	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	49	d.	d.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	50	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	265	51	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	52	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	265	53	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	265	54	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	266	1	project	project	NOUN
erjee-11843	266	2	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	266	3	based	base	VERB
erjee-11843	266	4	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	266	5	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	266	6	proactive	proactive	ADJ
erjee-11843	266	7	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	266	8	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	266	9	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	266	10	postgraduate	postgraduate	ADJ
erjee-11843	266	11	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	266	12	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	266	13	solar	solar	ADJ
erjee-11843	266	14	energy	energy	NOUN
erjee-11843	266	15	building	building	NOUN
erjee-11843	266	16	design	design	NOUN
erjee-11843	266	17	digitalisation	digitalisation	NOUN
erjee-11843	266	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	267	1	smart	smart	ADJ
erjee-11843	267	2	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	267	3	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
erjee-11843	267	4	built	build	VERB
erjee-11843	267	5	environment	environment	NOUN
erjee-11843	267	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	268	1	https://doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-08-2022-0173	https://doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-08-2022-0173	PROPN
erjee-11843	268	2	gürdür	gürdür	PROPN
erjee-11843	268	3	broo	broo	PROPN
erjee-11843	268	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	268	5	d.	d.	PROPN
erjee-11843	268	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	268	7	boman	boman	PROPN
erjee-11843	268	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	268	9	u.	u.	PROPN
erjee-11843	268	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	268	11	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	268	12	törngren	törngren	PROPN
erjee-11843	268	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	268	14	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	268	15	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	268	16	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	268	17	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	268	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	269	1	cyber	cyber	NOUN
erjee-11843	269	2	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	269	3	physical	physical	PROPN
erjee-11843	269	4	systems	system	NOUN
erjee-11843	269	5	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	269	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	269	7	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	269	8	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	269	9	2030	2030	NUM
erjee-11843	269	10	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	269	11	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
erjee-11843	269	12	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	269	13	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	269	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	270	1	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	270	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	270	3	industrial	industrial	ADJ
erjee-11843	270	4	information	information	NOUN
erjee-11843	270	5	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	270	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	270	7	21	21	NUM
erjee-11843	270	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	270	9	100192	100192	NUM
erjee-11843	270	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	271	1	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2020	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2020	PROPN
erjee-11843	271	2	.100192	.100192	PROPN
erjee-11843	271	3	hackett	hackett	PROPN
erjee-11843	271	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	271	5	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	271	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	271	7	dawson	dawson	PROPN
erjee-11843	271	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	271	9	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	271	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	271	11	janssen	janssen	PROPN
erjee-11843	271	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	271	13	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	271	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	271	15	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	271	16	van	van	PROPN
erjee-11843	271	17	tartwijk	tartwijk	PROPN
erjee-11843	271	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	271	19	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	271	20	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	271	21	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	271	22	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	271	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	272	1	defining	define	VERB
erjee-11843	272	2	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
erjee-11843	272	3	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	272	4	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	272	5	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	272	6	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	272	7	coil	coil	NOUN
erjee-11843	272	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	272	9	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	272	10	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
erjee-11843	272	11	it	it	PRON
erjee-11843	272	12	from	from	ADP
erjee-11843	272	13	virtual	virtual	ADJ
erjee-11843	272	14	exchange	exchange	NOUN
erjee-11843	272	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	273	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-024-01000-w	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-024-01000-w	PROPN
erjee-11843	273	2	harahan	harahan	PROPN
erjee-11843	273	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	273	4	k.	k.	PROPN
erjee-11843	273	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	273	6	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	273	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	273	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	274	1	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	274	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	274	3	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	274	4	writing	writing	NOUN
erjee-11843	274	5	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	274	6	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	274	7	cybersecurity	cybersecurity	NOUN
erjee-11843	274	8	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	274	9	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	274	10	professional	professional	PROPN
erjee-11843	274	11	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	274	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	275	1	https://doi.org/10.36919/978-966-301266-7/1.2024.30	https://doi.org/10.36919/978-966-301266-7/1.2024.30	VERB
erjee-11843	275	2	harisanty	harisanty	NOUN
erjee-11843	275	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	275	4	d.	d.	PROPN
erjee-11843	275	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	275	6	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	275	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	275	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	276	1	digitalcommons	digitalcommon	NOUN
erjee-11843	276	2	@	@	ADP
erjee-11843	276	3	university	university	PROPN
erjee-11843	276	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	276	5	nebraska	nebraska	PROPN
erjee-11843	276	6	lincoln	lincoln	PROPN
erjee-11843	276	7	digital	digital	PROPN
erjee-11843	276	8	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	276	9	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	276	10	covid	covid	PROPN
erjee-11843	276	11	19	19	NUM
erjee-11843	276	12	information	information	NOUN
erjee-11843	276	13	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	276	14	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
erjee-11843	276	15	society	society	NOUN
erjee-11843	276	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	277	1	library	library	ADJ
erjee-11843	277	2	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
erjee-11843	277	3	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	277	4	practice	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	277	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	277	6	e	e	NOUN
erjee-11843	277	7	-	-	NOUN
erjee-11843	277	8	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	277	9	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	277	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	277	11	may	may	AUX
erjee-11843	277	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	1	hartanto	hartanto	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	3	d.	d.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	5	prasetyo	prasetyo	NOUN
erjee-11843	278	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	7	p.	p.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	8	w.	w.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	10	maryani	maryani	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	12	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	14	maharani	maharani	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	16	e.	e.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	17	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	19	puspitasari	puspitasari	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	21	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	22	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	23	putri	putri	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	24	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	25	d.	d.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	26	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	27	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	28	aji	aji	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	29	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	30	o.	o.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	31	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	32	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	33	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	278	34	purwanto	purwanto	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	35	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	36	w.	w.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	37	e.	e.	PROPN
erjee-11843	278	38	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	39	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	278	40	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	278	41	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	279	1	developing	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	279	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	279	3	module	module	NOUN
erjee-11843	279	4	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	279	5	human	human	ADJ
erjee-11843	279	6	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	279	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	279	8	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	279	9	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	279	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	280	1	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	280	2	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	280	3	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	280	4	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	280	5	insight	insight	NOUN
erjee-11843	280	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	280	7	1(1	1(1	NUM
erjee-11843	280	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	280	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	280	10	29	29	NUM
erjee-11843	280	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	281	1	https://doi.org/10.12928/ijei.v1i1.2086	https://doi.org/10.12928/ijei.v1i1.2086	PROPN
erjee-11843	281	2	hidalgo	hidalgo	PROPN
erjee-11843	281	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	281	4	f.	f.	PROPN
erjee-11843	281	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	281	6	parra	parra	PROPN
erjee-11843	281	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	281	8	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	281	9	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	281	10	e.	e.	PROPN
erjee-11843	281	11	g.	g.	PROPN
erjee-11843	281	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	281	13	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	281	14	abril	abril	PROPN
erjee-11843	281	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	281	16	c.	c.	PROPN
erjee-11843	281	17	h.	h.	PROPN
erjee-11843	281	18	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	281	19	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	281	20	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	281	21	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	282	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	282	2	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	282	3	media	medium	NOUN
erjee-11843	282	4	competences	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	282	5	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	282	6	key	key	ADJ
erjee-11843	282	7	competences	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	282	8	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	282	9	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	282	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	282	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	283	1	teaching	teach	VERB
erjee-11843	283	2	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	283	3	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	283	4	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	283	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	283	6	20(1	20(1	NUM
erjee-11843	283	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	283	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	283	9	43–59	43–59	NOUN
erjee-11843	283	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	284	1	https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ej1242656.pdf	https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ej1242656.pdf	PROPN
erjee-11843	284	2	howard	howard	PROPN
erjee-11843	284	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	284	4	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	284	5	k.	k.	PROPN
erjee-11843	284	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	284	7	tondeur	tondeur	PROPN
erjee-11843	284	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	284	9	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	284	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	284	11	ma	ma	PROPN
erjee-11843	284	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	284	13	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	284	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	284	15	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	284	16	yang	yang	PROPN
erjee-11843	284	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	284	18	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	284	19	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	284	20	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	284	21	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	284	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	285	1	what	what	PRON
erjee-11843	285	2	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	285	3	teach	teach	VERB
erjee-11843	285	4	?	?	PUNCT
erjee-11843	285	5	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	285	6	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	285	7	developing	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	285	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	285	9	competency	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	285	10	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	285	11	preservice	preservice	NOUN
erjee-11843	285	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	285	13	training	training	NOUN
erjee-11843	285	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	286	1	computers	computer	NOUN
erjee-11843	286	2	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	286	3	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	286	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	286	5	165	165	NUM
erjee-11843	286	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	286	7	104149	104149	NUM
erjee-11843	286	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	287	1	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comped	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compe	VERB
erjee-11843	287	2	u.2021.104149	u.2021.104149	PUNCT
erjee-11843	287	3	hsu	hsu	PROPN
erjee-11843	287	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	287	5	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	287	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	287	7	wang	wang	PROPN
erjee-11843	287	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	287	9	z.	z.	PROPN
erjee-11843	287	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	287	11	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	287	12	hamilton	hamilton	PROPN
erjee-11843	287	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	287	14	k.	k.	PROPN
erjee-11843	287	15	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	287	16	2011	2011	NUM
erjee-11843	287	17	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	287	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	288	1	developing	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	288	2	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	288	3	managing	manage	VERB
erjee-11843	288	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	288	5	/	/	SYM
erjee-11843	288	6	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	288	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	288	8	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	288	9	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	288	10	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	288	11	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	288	12	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	288	13	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	288	14	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	288	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	289	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	289	2	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	289	3	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	289	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	289	5	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	289	6	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	289	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	289	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	289	9	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	289	10	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	289	11	vol	vol	NOUN
erjee-11843	289	12	.	.	NOUN
erjee-11843	289	13	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	289	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	289	15	issue	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	289	16	1	1	NUM
erjee-11843	289	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	289	18	pp	pp	ADJ
erjee-11843	289	19	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	290	1	52	52	NUM
erjee-11843	290	2	–	–	SYM
erjee-11843	290	3	70	70	NUM
erjee-11843	290	4	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	290	5	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	291	1	https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-29431.ch008	https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-29431.ch008	NOUN
erjee-11843	291	2	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	291	3	review	review	NOUN
erjee-11843	291	4	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	291	5	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	291	6	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	291	7	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	291	8	education	education	PROPN
erjee-11843	291	9	p	p	PROPN
erjee-11843	291	10	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	291	11	issn	issn	PROPN
erjee-11843	291	12	2301	2301	NUM
erjee-11843	291	13	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	291	14	7554	7554	NUM
erjee-11843	291	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	291	16	e	e	X
erjee-11843	291	17	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	291	18	issn	issn	VERB
erjee-11843	291	19	2541	2541	NUM
erjee-11843	291	20	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	291	21	3643	3643	NUM
erjee-11843	291	22	volume	volume	NOUN
erjee-11843	291	23	13	13	NUM
erjee-11843	291	24	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	291	25	issue	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	291	26	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	291	27	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	291	28	june	june	PROPN
erjee-11843	291	29	2025	2025	NUM
erjee-11843	291	30	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	PROPN
erjee-11843	291	31	687	687	NUM
erjee-11843	291	32	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	291	33	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	291	34	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	291	35	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	291	36	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	291	37	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	291	38	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	292	1	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
erjee-11843	292	2	pushes	push	VERB
erjee-11843	292	3	universities	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	292	4	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	292	5	switch	switch	VERB
erjee-11843	292	6	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	292	7	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	292	8	classes	class	NOUN
erjee-11843	292	9	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	292	10	are	be	AUX
erjee-11843	292	11	they	they	PRON
erjee-11843	292	12	ready	ready	ADJ
erjee-11843	292	13	?	?	PUNCT
erjee-11843	293	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	293	2	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	293	3	e.	e.	PROPN
erjee-11843	293	4	p.	p.	PROPN
erjee-11843	293	5	djahimo	djahimo	PROPN
erjee-11843	294	1	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	294	2	ed	ed	NOUN
erjee-11843	294	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	294	4	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	295	1	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	295	2	women	woman	NOUN
erjee-11843	295	3	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	295	4	voices	voice	NOUN
erjee-11843	295	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	295	6	pp	pp	ADJ
erjee-11843	295	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	296	1	67	67	NUM
erjee-11843	296	2	–	–	PUNCT
erjee-11843	296	3	80	80	NUM
erjee-11843	296	4	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	296	5	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	297	1	deeppublish	deeppublish	PROPN
erjee-11843	297	2	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	298	1	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	298	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	298	3	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	298	4	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	298	5	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	298	6	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	298	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	299	1	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	299	2	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	299	3	review	review	NOUN
erjee-11843	299	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	299	5	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	299	6	essay	essay	PROPN
erjee-11843	299	7	writing	write	VERB
erjee-11843	299	8	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	299	9	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	299	10	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	299	11	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	299	12	thinking	thinking	NOUN
erjee-11843	299	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	299	14	reading	read	VERB
erjee-11843	299	15	habits	habit	NOUN
erjee-11843	299	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	299	17	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	299	18	sentence	sentence	NOUN
erjee-11843	299	19	structure	structure	NOUN
erjee-11843	299	20	mastery	mastery	PROPN
erjee-11843	299	21	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	300	1	ieflj	ieflj	PROPN
erjee-11843	300	2	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	300	3	indonesian	indonesian	PROPN
erjee-11843	300	4	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	300	5	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	300	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	300	7	8(1	8(1	NOUN
erjee-11843	300	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	300	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	300	10	53–62	53–62	NUM
erjee-11843	300	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	1	https://doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v8i1.5588	https://doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v8i1.5588	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	2	inamorato	inamorato	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	3	dos	dos	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	4	santos	santo	NOUN
erjee-11843	301	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	6	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	301	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	8	chinkes	chinke	NOUN
erjee-11843	301	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	10	e.	e.	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	12	carvalho	carvalho	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	14	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	301	15	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	301	16	g.	g.	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	18	solórzano	solórzano	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	19	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	20	c.	c.	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	21	m.	m.	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	22	v.	v.	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	24	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	301	25	marroni	marroni	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	26	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	27	l.	l.	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	28	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	301	29	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	30	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	301	31	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	301	32	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	302	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	302	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	302	3	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	302	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	302	5	academics	academic	NOUN
erjee-11843	302	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	302	7	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	302	8	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	302	9	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	302	10	is	be	AUX
erjee-11843	302	11	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	302	12	glass	glass	NOUN
erjee-11843	302	13	half	half	ADV
erjee-11843	302	14	empty	empty	ADJ
erjee-11843	302	15	or	or	CCONJ
erjee-11843	302	16	half	half	NOUN
erjee-11843	302	17	full	full	ADJ
erjee-11843	302	18	?	?	PUNCT
erjee-11843	303	1	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	303	2	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	303	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	303	4	educational	educational	ADJ
erjee-11843	303	5	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	303	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	303	7	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	303	8	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	303	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	303	10	20(1	20(1	NUM
erjee-11843	303	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	303	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	304	1	https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00376-0	https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00376-0	NUM
erjee-11843	304	2	indah	indah	NOUN
erjee-11843	304	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	304	4	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	304	5	n.	n.	PROPN
erjee-11843	304	6	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	304	7	2017	2017	NUM
erjee-11843	304	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	304	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	305	1	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	305	2	thinking	thinking	NOUN
erjee-11843	305	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	305	4	writing	write	VERB
erjee-11843	305	5	performance	performance	NOUN
erjee-11843	305	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	305	7	topic	topic	NOUN
erjee-11843	305	8	familiarity	familiarity	NOUN
erjee-11843	305	9	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	305	10	indonesian	indonesian	PROPN
erjee-11843	305	11	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	305	12	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	305	13	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	306	1	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	306	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	306	3	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	306	4	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	306	5	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	306	6	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	306	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	306	8	8(2	8(2	NUM
erjee-11843	306	9	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	306	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	306	11	229	229	NUM
erjee-11843	306	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	307	1	https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0802.04	https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0802.04	ADJ
erjee-11843	307	2	indrastana	indrastana	NOUN
erjee-11843	307	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	307	4	n.	n.	PROPN
erjee-11843	307	5	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	307	6	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	307	7	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	307	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	307	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	308	1	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	308	2	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	308	3	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	308	4	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	308	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	308	6	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	308	7	best	good	ADJ
erjee-11843	308	8	practices	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	308	9	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	308	10	emerging	emerge	VERB
erjee-11843	308	11	trends	trend	NOUN
erjee-11843	308	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	309	1	transformational	transformational	ADJ
erjee-11843	309	2	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	309	3	literature	literature	NOUN
erjee-11843	309	4	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	309	5	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	309	6	overview	overview	NOUN
erjee-11843	309	7	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	309	8	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	309	9	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	309	10	transtool	transtool	NOUN
erjee-11843	309	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	309	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	309	13	1(4	1(4	NUM
erjee-11843	309	14	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	309	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	309	16	25–30	25–30	NUM
erjee-11843	309	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	310	1	https://doi.org/10.55047/transtool.v1i4.1368	https://doi.org/10.55047/transtool.v1i4.1368	PROPN
erjee-11843	310	2	iskandar	iskandar	PROPN
erjee-11843	310	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	310	4	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	310	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	310	6	sumarni	sumarni	PROPN
erjee-11843	310	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	310	8	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	310	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	310	10	dewanti	dewanti	PROPN
erjee-11843	310	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	310	12	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	310	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	310	14	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	310	15	asnur	asnur	PROPN
erjee-11843	310	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	310	17	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	310	18	n.	n.	PROPN
erjee-11843	310	19	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	310	20	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	310	21	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	310	22	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	310	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	311	1	infusing	infuse	VERB
erjee-11843	311	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	311	3	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	311	4	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	311	5	authentic	authentic	ADJ
erjee-11843	311	6	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	311	7	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	311	8	practices	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	311	9	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	311	10	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	311	11	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	311	12	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	311	13	at	at	ADP
erjee-11843	311	14	universities	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	311	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	312	1	ijole	ijole	NOUN
erjee-11843	312	2	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	312	3	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	312	4	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	312	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	312	6	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	312	7	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	312	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	312	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	312	10	6(1	6(1	NUM
erjee-11843	312	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	312	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	312	13	75	75	NUM
erjee-11843	312	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	313	1	https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v6i1.31574	https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v6i1.31574	PROPN
erjee-11843	313	2	jegadeesan	jegadeesan	NOUN
erjee-11843	313	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	313	4	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	313	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	313	6	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	313	7	akkara	akkara	PROPN
erjee-11843	313	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	313	9	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	313	10	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	313	11	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	313	12	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	313	13	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	314	1	tech	tech	NOUN
erjee-11843	314	2	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	314	3	driven	drive	VERB
erjee-11843	314	4	transformation	transformation	NOUN
erjee-11843	314	5	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	314	6	improving	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	314	7	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	314	8	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	314	9	instruction	instruction	NOUN
erjee-11843	314	10	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	314	11	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	314	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	315	1	https://doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v30i4.2254	https://doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v30i4.2254	PROPN
erjee-11843	315	2	kassymova	kassymova	PROPN
erjee-11843	315	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	315	4	g.	g.	PROPN
erjee-11843	315	5	m.	m.	PROPN
erjee-11843	315	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	315	7	tulepova	tulepova	PROPN
erjee-11843	315	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	315	9	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	315	10	b.	b.	PROPN
erjee-11843	315	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	315	12	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	315	13	bekturova	bekturova	PROPN
erjee-11843	315	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	315	15	m.	m.	PROPN
erjee-11843	315	16	b.	b.	PROPN
erjee-11843	315	17	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	315	18	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	315	19	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	315	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	316	1	perceptions	perception	NOUN
erjee-11843	316	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	316	3	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	316	4	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	316	5	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	316	6	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	316	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	316	8	teaching	teach	VERB
erjee-11843	316	9	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	316	10	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	316	11	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	316	12	context	context	NOUN
erjee-11843	316	13	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	316	14	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	316	15	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	316	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	317	1	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
erjee-11843	317	2	educational	educational	ADJ
erjee-11843	317	3	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	317	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	317	5	15(1	15(1	NUM
erjee-11843	317	6	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	317	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	318	1	https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/12598	https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/12598	PROPN
erjee-11843	318	2	kreuder	kreuder	PROPN
erjee-11843	318	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	318	4	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	318	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	318	6	frick	frick	ADJ
erjee-11843	318	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	318	8	u.	u.	NOUN
erjee-11843	318	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	318	10	rakoczy	rakoczy	VERB
erjee-11843	318	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	318	12	k.	k.	PROPN
erjee-11843	318	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	318	14	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	318	15	schlittmeier	schlittmeier	PROPN
erjee-11843	318	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	318	17	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	318	18	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	318	19	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	318	20	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	318	21	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	318	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	319	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	319	2	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	319	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	319	4	adolescents	adolescent	NOUN
erjee-11843	319	5	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	319	6	young	young	ADJ
erjee-11843	319	7	adults	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	319	8	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	319	9	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	319	10	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	319	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
erjee-11843	319	12	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	319	13	concomitant	concomitant	ADJ
erjee-11843	319	14	variables	variable	NOUN
erjee-11843	319	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	319	16	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
erjee-11843	319	17	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	319	18	intervention	intervention	NOUN
erjee-11843	319	19	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	319	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	320	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	320	2	humanities	humanity	NOUN
erjee-11843	320	3	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	320	4	social	social	ADJ
erjee-11843	320	5	sciences	science	NOUN
erjee-11843	320	6	communications	communication	NOUN
erjee-11843	320	7	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	320	8	vol	vol	NOUN
erjee-11843	320	9	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	320	10	11	11	NUM
erjee-11843	320	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	320	12	issue	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	320	13	1	1	NUM
erjee-11843	320	14	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	320	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	321	1	springer	springer	NOUN
erjee-11843	321	2	nature	nature	PROPN
erjee-11843	321	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	322	1	https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02501-4	https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02501-4	PROPN
erjee-11843	322	2	lestari	lestari	PROPN
erjee-11843	322	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	322	4	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	322	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	322	6	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	322	7	santoso	santoso	PROPN
erjee-11843	322	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	322	9	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	322	10	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	322	11	2019	2019	NUM
erjee-11843	322	12	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	322	13	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	323	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	323	2	roles	role	NOUN
erjee-11843	323	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	323	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	323	5	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	323	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	323	7	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	323	8	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	323	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	323	10	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	323	11	human	human	ADJ
erjee-11843	323	12	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	323	13	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	323	14	encourage	encourage	VERB
erjee-11843	323	15	work	work	NOUN
erjee-11843	323	16	readiness	readiness	NOUN
erjee-11843	323	17	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	323	18	accounting	accounting	NOUN
erjee-11843	323	19	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	323	20	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	323	21	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	323	22	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	323	23	fourth	fourth	PROPN
erjee-11843	323	24	industrial	industrial	PROPN
erjee-11843	323	25	revolution	revolution	PROPN
erjee-11843	323	26	era	era	NOUN
erjee-11843	323	27	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	324	1	kne	kne	PROPN
erjee-11843	324	2	social	social	PROPN
erjee-11843	324	3	sciences	sciences	PROPN
erjee-11843	324	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	324	5	3(11	3(11	NUM
erjee-11843	324	6	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	324	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	324	8	513	513	NUM
erjee-11843	324	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	324	10	https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i11.4031	https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i11.4031	X
erjee-11843	325	1	li	li	PROPN
erjee-11843	325	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	325	3	h.	h.	PROPN
erjee-11843	325	4	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	325	5	2019	2019	NUM
erjee-11843	325	6	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	325	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	326	1	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	326	2	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	326	3	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	326	4	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	326	5	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	326	6	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
erjee-11843	326	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	327	1	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	327	2	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	327	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	327	4	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	327	5	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	327	6	literature	literature	NOUN
erjee-11843	327	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	327	8	4(3	4(3	NUM
erjee-11843	327	9	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	327	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	327	11	635–640	635–640	NUM
erjee-11843	327	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	328	1	https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.4.3.13	https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.4.3.13	PROPN
erjee-11843	328	2	mardiah	mardiah	PROPN
erjee-11843	328	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	328	4	h.	h.	PROPN
erjee-11843	328	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	328	6	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	328	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	328	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	329	1	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	329	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	329	3	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	329	4	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	329	5	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	329	6	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	329	7	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	329	8	foreign	foreign	ADJ
erjee-11843	329	9	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	329	10	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	329	11	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	329	12	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	329	13	class	class	NOUN
erjee-11843	329	14	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	329	15	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	329	16	cooperative	cooperative	ADJ
erjee-11843	329	17	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	329	18	approach	approach	NOUN
erjee-11843	329	19	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	330	1	2(2	2(2	NUM
erjee-11843	330	2	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	330	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	331	1	295–304	295–304	NUM
erjee-11843	331	2	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	331	3	https://doi.org/10.58218/alinea.v2i2.236	https://doi.org/10.58218/alinea.v2i2.236	PROPN
erjee-11843	331	4	mathai	mathai	PROPN
erjee-11843	331	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	331	6	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	331	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	331	8	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	331	9	arumugam	arumugam	NOUN
erjee-11843	331	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	331	11	t.	t.	PROPN
erjee-11843	331	12	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	331	13	2016	2016	NUM
erjee-11843	331	14	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	331	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	332	1	preference	preference	NOUN
erjee-11843	332	2	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	332	3	promoting	promote	VERB
erjee-11843	332	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	332	5	e	e	NOUN
erjee-11843	332	6	-	-	NOUN
erjee-11843	332	7	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	332	8	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	332	9	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	332	10	training	training	NOUN
erjee-11843	332	11	medium	medium	NOUN
erjee-11843	332	12	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	332	13	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	332	14	hospitality	hospitality	NOUN
erjee-11843	332	15	industry	industry	NOUN
erjee-11843	332	16	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	332	17	special	special	ADJ
erjee-11843	332	18	reference	reference	NOUN
erjee-11843	332	19	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	332	20	four	four	NUM
erjee-11843	332	21	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	332	22	five	five	NUM
erjee-11843	332	23	star	star	NOUN
erjee-11843	332	24	hotels	hotel	NOUN
erjee-11843	332	25	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	332	26	tamil	tamil	PROPN
erjee-11843	332	27	nadu	nadu	PROPN
erjee-11843	332	28	–	–	PUNCT
erjee-11843	332	29	india	india	PROPN
erjee-11843	332	30	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	333	1	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	333	2	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	333	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	333	4	business	business	PROPN
erjee-11843	333	5	administration	administration	PROPN
erjee-11843	333	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	333	7	7(3	7(3	NUM
erjee-11843	333	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	333	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	334	1	https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v7n3p91	https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v7n3p91	PROPN
erjee-11843	335	1	er	er	INTJ
erjee-11843	335	2	ifonluo	ifonluo	PROPN
erjee-11843	335	3	lu	lu	PROPN
erjee-11843	335	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	335	5	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	335	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	335	7	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	335	8	gonulal	gonulal	PROPN
erjee-11843	335	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	335	10	t.	t.	PROPN
erjee-11843	335	11	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	335	12	2018	2018	NUM
erjee-11843	335	13	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	335	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	336	1	review	review	NOUN
erjee-11843	336	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	336	3	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	336	4	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	336	5	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	336	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	336	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	336	8	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	336	9	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	336	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	336	11	theory	theory	NOUN
erjee-11843	336	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	336	13	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	336	14	practice	practice	NOUN
erjee-11843	336	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	337	1	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	337	2	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	337	3	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	337	4	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	337	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	337	6	22(1	22(1	NUM
erjee-11843	337	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	337	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	337	9	65–68	65–68	NUM
erjee-11843	337	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	338	1	https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstrea	https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstrea	PROPN
erjee-11843	338	2	m/10125/44580/1/22_01_review3_merzifouluo	m/10125/44580/1/22_01_review3_merzifouluo	PROPN
erjee-11843	338	3	glugonulalu.pdf	glugonulalu.pdf	PROPN
erjee-11843	338	4	mirzayunusova	mirzayunusova	PROPN
erjee-11843	338	5	zi	zi	PROPN
erjee-11843	338	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	338	7	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	338	8	azamjonov	azamjonov	VERB
erjee-11843	338	9	aa	aa	NOUN
erjee-11843	338	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	339	1	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	339	2	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	339	3	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	339	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	340	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	340	2	technologies	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	340	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	340	4	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	340	5	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	341	1	1(9	1(9	NUM
erjee-11843	341	2	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	341	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	342	1	moraes	moraes	PROPN
erjee-11843	342	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	342	3	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	342	4	b.	b.	PROPN
erjee-11843	342	5	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	342	6	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	342	7	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	342	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	342	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	343	1	blended	blend	VERB
erjee-11843	343	2	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	343	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	343	4	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	343	5	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	343	6	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	343	7	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	343	8	approach	approach	NOUN
erjee-11843	343	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	343	10	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	343	11	model	model	NOUN
erjee-11843	343	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	343	13	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	343	14	two	two	NUM
erjee-11843	343	15	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
erjee-11843	343	16	frameworks	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	343	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	344	1	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	344	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	344	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	344	4	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	344	5	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	344	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	344	7	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	344	8	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	344	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	344	10	4(1	4(1	NOUN
erjee-11843	344	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	344	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	345	1	https://doi.org/10.24834/jotl.4.1.820	https://doi.org/10.24834/jotl.4.1.820	PROPN
erjee-11843	345	2	mumu	mumu	PROPN
erjee-11843	345	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	345	4	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	345	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	345	6	tanujaya	tanujaya	PROPN
erjee-11843	345	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	345	8	b.	b.	PROPN
erjee-11843	345	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	345	10	charitas	charitas	PROPN
erjee-11843	345	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	345	12	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	345	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	345	14	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	345	15	prahmana	prahmana	PROPN
erjee-11843	345	16	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	345	17	i.	i.	NOUN
erjee-11843	345	18	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	345	19	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	345	20	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	345	21	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	346	1	likert	likert	ADJ
erjee-11843	346	2	scale	scale	NOUN
erjee-11843	346	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	346	4	social	social	ADJ
erjee-11843	346	5	sciences	science	NOUN
erjee-11843	346	6	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	346	7	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	346	8	problems	problem	NOUN
erjee-11843	346	9	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	346	10	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
erjee-11843	346	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	347	1	fwu	fwu	PROPN
erjee-11843	347	2	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	347	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	347	4	social	social	ADJ
erjee-11843	347	5	sciences	science	NOUN
erjee-11843	347	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	347	7	16(4	16(4	NUM
erjee-11843	347	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	347	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	347	10	89–101	89–101	PROPN
erjee-11843	347	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	348	1	https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/winter2022	https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/winter2022	PROPN
erjee-11843	348	2	/7	/7	PROPN
erjee-11843	349	1	neupane	neupane	PROPN
erjee-11843	349	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	349	3	h.	h.	PROPN
erjee-11843	349	4	c.	c.	PROPN
erjee-11843	349	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	349	6	sharma	sharma	PROPN
erjee-11843	349	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	349	8	k.	k.	PROPN
erjee-11843	349	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	349	10	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	349	11	joshi	joshi	PROPN
erjee-11843	349	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	349	13	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	349	14	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	349	15	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	349	16	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	349	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	350	1	readiness	readiness	NOUN
erjee-11843	350	2	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	350	3	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	350	4	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	350	5	classes	class	NOUN
erjee-11843	350	6	during	during	ADP
erjee-11843	350	7	covid19	covid19	NOUN
erjee-11843	350	8	pandemic	pandemic	ADJ
erjee-11843	350	9	among	among	ADP
erjee-11843	350	10	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	350	11	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	350	12	chitwan	chitwan	PROPN
erjee-11843	350	13	medical	medical	PROPN
erjee-11843	350	14	college	college	PROPN
erjee-11843	350	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	351	1	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	351	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	351	3	nepal	nepal	PROPN
erjee-11843	351	4	health	health	PROPN
erjee-11843	351	5	research	research	PROPN
erjee-11843	351	6	council	council	PROPN
erjee-11843	351	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	351	8	18(2	18(2	NUM
erjee-11843	351	9	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	351	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	351	11	316–319	316–319	NUM
erjee-11843	351	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	352	1	https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v18i2.2725	https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v18i2.2725	PROPN
erjee-11843	352	2	normuratova	normuratova	PROPN
erjee-11843	352	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	352	4	v.	v.	ADP
erjee-11843	352	5	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	352	6	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	352	7	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	352	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	352	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	353	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	353	2	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	353	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	353	4	modern	modern	ADJ
erjee-11843	353	5	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	353	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	354	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	354	2	american	american	PROPN
erjee-11843	354	3	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	354	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	354	5	social	social	ADJ
erjee-11843	354	6	science	science	NOUN
erjee-11843	354	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	354	8	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	354	9	innovations	innovation	NOUN
erjee-11843	354	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	354	11	6(10	6(10	NUM
erjee-11843	354	12	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	354	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	354	14	61	61	NUM
erjee-11843	354	15	–	–	SYM
erjee-11843	354	16	65	65	NUM
erjee-11843	354	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	355	1	https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume06issue	https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume06issue	PROPN
erjee-11843	355	2	10	10	NUM
erjee-11843	355	3	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	355	4	07	07	NUM
erjee-11843	355	5	özden	özden	NOUN
erjee-11843	355	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	355	7	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	355	8	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	355	9	2018	2018	NUM
erjee-11843	355	10	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	355	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	356	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	356	2	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	356	3	perceptions	perception	NOUN
erjee-11843	356	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	356	5	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	356	6	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	356	7	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	356	8	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	356	9	department	department	NOUN
erjee-11843	356	10	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	356	11	computer	computer	NOUN
erjee-11843	356	12	technologies	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	356	13	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	356	14	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	356	15	turkish	turkish	ADJ
erjee-11843	356	16	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	356	17	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	356	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	357	1	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	357	2	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	357	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	357	4	progressive	progressive	ADJ
erjee-11843	357	5	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	357	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	357	7	14(4	14(4	NUM
erjee-11843	357	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	357	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	357	10	26–36	26–36	NUM
erjee-11843	357	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	358	1	https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2018.154.3	https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2018.154.3	PROPN
erjee-11843	358	2	pan	pan	PROPN
erjee-11843	358	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	358	4	l.	l.	PROPN
erjee-11843	358	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	358	6	haq	haq	PROPN
erjee-11843	358	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	358	8	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	358	9	ul	ul	PROPN
erjee-11843	358	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	358	11	shi	shi	PROPN
erjee-11843	358	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	358	13	x.	x.	PROPN
erjee-11843	358	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	358	15	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	358	16	nadeem	nadeem	PROPN
erjee-11843	358	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	358	18	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	358	19	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	358	20	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	358	21	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	358	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	359	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	359	2	impact	impact	NOUN
erjee-11843	359	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	359	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	359	5	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	359	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	359	7	personal	personal	ADJ
erjee-11843	359	8	innovativeness	innovativeness	NOUN
erjee-11843	359	9	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	359	10	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	359	11	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	359	12	behavior	behavior	NOUN
erjee-11843	359	13	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	359	14	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	359	15	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	359	16	exploring	explore	VERB
erjee-11843	359	17	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	359	18	moderating	moderate	VERB
erjee-11843	359	19	role	role	NOUN
erjee-11843	359	20	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	359	21	digitalization	digitalization	NOUN
erjee-11843	359	22	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	359	23	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	359	24	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	359	25	quality	quality	NOUN
erjee-11843	359	26	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	360	1	sage	sage	NOUN
erjee-11843	360	2	open	open	ADJ
erjee-11843	360	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	360	4	14(3	14(3	NUM
erjee-11843	360	5	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	360	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	361	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241265919	https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241265919	PROPN
erjee-11843	361	2	pertiwi	pertiwi	PROPN
erjee-11843	361	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	361	4	u.	u.	PROPN
erjee-11843	361	5	g.	g.	PROPN
erjee-11843	361	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	361	7	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	361	8	musthafa	musthafa	PROPN
erjee-11843	361	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	361	10	b.	b.	PROPN
erjee-11843	361	11	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	361	12	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	361	13	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	361	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	362	1	university	university	NOUN
erjee-11843	362	2	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	362	3	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	362	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	362	5	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	362	6	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	362	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	363	1	ikhfi	ikhfi	PROPN
erjee-11843	363	2	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	363	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	363	4	akhmad	akhmad	PROPN
erjee-11843	363	5	zakky	zakky	VERB
erjee-11843	363	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	364	1	deni	deni	PROPN
erjee-11843	364	2	yuliana	yuliana	PROPN
erjee-11843	364	3	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	364	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	364	5	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	364	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	364	7	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	364	8	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	364	9	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	364	10	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	364	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	364	12	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	364	13	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	364	14	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	364	15	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	364	16	688	688	NUM
erjee-11843	364	17	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
erjee-11843	364	18	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	364	19	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	364	20	thirteenth	thirteenth	ADJ
erjee-11843	364	21	conference	conference	NOUN
erjee-11843	364	22	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	364	23	applied	apply	VERB
erjee-11843	364	24	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
erjee-11843	364	25	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	364	26	conaplin	conaplin	NOUN
erjee-11843	364	27	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	364	28	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	364	29	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	364	30	546(conaplin	546(conaplin	NUM
erjee-11843	364	31	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	364	32	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	364	33	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	364	34	620–626	620–626	NUM
erjee-11843	364	35	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	364	36	https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210427.094	https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210427.094	PROPN
erjee-11843	365	1	priyantin	priyantin	ADV
erjee-11843	365	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	365	3	t.	t.	PROPN
erjee-11843	365	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	365	5	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	365	6	herawati	herawati	PROPN
erjee-11843	365	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	365	8	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	365	9	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	365	10	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	365	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	365	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	366	1	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	366	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	366	3	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	366	4	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	366	5	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	366	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	366	7	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	366	8	developing	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	366	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	366	10	competency	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	366	11	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	366	12	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	366	13	narrative	narrative	ADJ
erjee-11843	366	14	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
erjee-11843	366	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	367	1	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
erjee-11843	367	2	 	 	SPACE
erjee-11843	367	3	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	367	4	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	367	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	367	6	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	367	7	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	367	8	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	367	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	367	10	11(1	11(1	NUM
erjee-11843	367	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	367	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	367	13	01	01	NUM
erjee-11843	367	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	367	15	https://doi.org/10.32332/joelt.v11i1.6570	https://doi.org/10.32332/joelt.v11i1.6570	NOUN
erjee-11843	367	16	rajović	rajović	PROPN
erjee-11843	367	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	367	18	d.	d.	PROPN
erjee-11843	367	19	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	367	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	367	21	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	367	22	denić	denić	ADJ
erjee-11843	367	23	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	367	24	n.	n.	PROPN
erjee-11843	367	25	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	367	26	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	367	27	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	367	28	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	368	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	368	2	link	link	NOUN
erjee-11843	368	3	between	between	ADP
erjee-11843	368	4	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	368	5	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	368	6	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	368	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	368	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	368	9	competences	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	368	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	369	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings202308500	https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings202308500	NOUN
erjee-11843	369	2	4	4	NUM
erjee-11843	369	3	reddy	reddy	NOUN
erjee-11843	369	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	369	5	p.	p.	NOUN
erjee-11843	369	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	369	7	chaudhary	chaudhary	PROPN
erjee-11843	369	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	369	9	k.	k.	PROPN
erjee-11843	369	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	369	11	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	369	12	hussein	hussein	PROPN
erjee-11843	369	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	369	14	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	369	15	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	369	16	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	369	17	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	369	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	370	1	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	370	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	370	3	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	370	4	model	model	NOUN
erjee-11843	370	5	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	370	6	narrow	narrow	VERB
erjee-11843	370	7	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	370	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	370	9	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	370	10	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	370	11	gap	gap	NOUN
erjee-11843	370	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	371	1	social	social	ADJ
erjee-11843	371	2	science	science	PROPN
erjee-11843	371	3	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	371	4	network	network	NOUN
erjee-11843	371	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	371	6	9(4	9(4	NUM
erjee-11843	371	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	371	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	372	1	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4308566	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4308566	PROPN
erjee-11843	372	2	rochanaphapayon	rochanaphapayon	NOUN
erjee-11843	372	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	372	4	t.	t.	PROPN
erjee-11843	372	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	372	6	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	372	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	372	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	373	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	373	2	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	373	3	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	373	4	enhancing	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	373	5	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	373	6	reading	reading	NOUN
erjee-11843	373	7	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
erjee-11843	373	8	among	among	ADP
erjee-11843	373	9	foreign	foreign	ADJ
erjee-11843	373	10	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	373	11	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	373	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	374	1	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	374	2	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	374	3	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	374	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	375	1	https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v17n1p26	https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v17n1p26	PROPN
erjee-11843	375	2	sá	sá	PROPN
erjee-11843	375	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	375	4	m.	m.	PROPN
erjee-11843	375	5	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	375	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	375	7	santos	santos	PROPN
erjee-11843	375	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	375	9	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	375	10	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	375	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	375	12	serpa	serpa	PROPN
erjee-11843	375	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	375	14	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	375	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	375	16	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	375	17	ferreira	ferreira	PROPN
erjee-11843	375	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	375	19	c.	c.	PROPN
erjee-11843	375	20	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	375	21	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	375	22	2021	2021	NUM
erjee-11843	375	23	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	375	24	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	376	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	376	2	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	376	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	376	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	376	5	society	society	NOUN
erjee-11843	376	6	5.0	5.0	NUM
erjee-11843	376	7	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	376	8	some	some	DET
erjee-11843	376	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	376	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	377	1	academic	academic	ADJ
erjee-11843	377	2	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	377	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	377	4	interdisciplinary	interdisciplinary	ADJ
erjee-11843	377	5	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	377	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	377	7	10(2	10(2	NUM
erjee-11843	377	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	377	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	377	10	1–9	1–9	NOUN
erjee-11843	377	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	378	1	https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0033	https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0033	PROPN
erjee-11843	378	2	sánchez	sánchez	PROPN
erjee-11843	378	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	378	4	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	378	5	p.	p.	NOUN
erjee-11843	378	6	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	378	7	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	378	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	378	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	379	1	an	an	DET
erjee-11843	379	2	integrated	integrated	ADJ
erjee-11843	379	3	approach	approach	NOUN
erjee-11843	379	4	to	to	ADP
erjee-11843	379	5	teaching	teach	VERB
erjee-11843	379	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	379	7	competences	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	379	8	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	379	9	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	379	10	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	379	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	380	1	349–356	349–356	NUM
erjee-11843	380	2	.	.	X
erjee-11843	380	3	santos	santos	PROPN
erjee-11843	380	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	380	5	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	380	6	do	do	AUX
erjee-11843	380	7	c.	c.	PROPN
erjee-11843	380	8	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	380	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	380	10	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	380	11	boa	boa	PROPN
erjee-11843	380	12	sorte	sorte	PROPN
erjee-11843	380	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	380	14	p.	p.	NOUN
erjee-11843	380	15	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	380	16	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	380	17	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	380	18	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	381	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	381	2	literacies	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	381	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	381	4	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	381	5	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	381	6	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	381	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	382	1	https://doi.org/10.1590/scielopreprints.7834	https://doi.org/10.1590/scielopreprints.7834	X
erjee-11843	382	2	sari	sari	PROPN
erjee-11843	382	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	382	4	n.	n.	NOUN
erjee-11843	382	5	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	382	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	382	7	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	382	8	abrar	abrar	PROPN
erjee-11843	382	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	382	10	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	382	11	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	382	12	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	382	13	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	382	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	383	1	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	383	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	383	3	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	383	4	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	383	5	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	383	6	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	383	7	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	383	8	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	383	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	383	10	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	383	11	benefits	benefit	NOUN
erjee-11843	383	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	384	1	https://doi.org/10.31539/leea.v7i2.10034	https://doi.org/10.31539/leea.v7i2.10034	PROPN
erjee-11843	384	2	scheel	scheel	PROPN
erjee-11843	384	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	384	4	l.	l.	PROPN
erjee-11843	384	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	384	6	vladova	vladova	PROPN
erjee-11843	384	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	384	8	g.	g.	PROPN
erjee-11843	384	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	384	10	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	384	11	ullrich	ullrich	PROPN
erjee-11843	384	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	384	13	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	384	14	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	384	15	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	384	16	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	384	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	385	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	385	2	influence	influence	NOUN
erjee-11843	385	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	385	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	385	5	competences	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	385	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	385	7	selforganization	selforganization	NOUN
erjee-11843	385	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	385	9	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	385	10	independent	independent	ADJ
erjee-11843	385	11	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	385	12	abilities	ability	NOUN
erjee-11843	385	13	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	385	14	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	385	15	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	385	16	acceptance	acceptance	NOUN
erjee-11843	385	17	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	385	18	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	385	19	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	385	20	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	386	1	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	386	2	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	386	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	386	4	educational	educational	ADJ
erjee-11843	386	5	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	386	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	386	7	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	386	8	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	386	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	386	10	19(1	19(1	NUM
erjee-11843	386	11	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	386	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	387	1	https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00350-w	https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00350-w	PROPN
erjee-11843	387	2	serajuddin	serajuddin	PROPN
erjee-11843	387	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	387	4	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	387	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	387	6	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	387	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	387	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	388	1	exploring	explore	VERB
erjee-11843	388	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	388	3	transitions	transition	NOUN
erjee-11843	388	4	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	388	5	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	388	6	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
erjee-11843	388	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
erjee-11843	388	8	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	388	9	ai	ai	NOUN
erjee-11843	388	10	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	388	11	driven	drive	VERB
erjee-11843	388	12	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	388	13	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	388	14	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	388	15	tools	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	388	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	389	1	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4623285	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4623285	PROPN
erjee-11843	389	2	shukr	shukr	PROPN
erjee-11843	389	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	389	4	h.	h.	PROPN
erjee-11843	389	5	y.	y.	PROPN
erjee-11843	389	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	389	7	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	389	8	jameel	jameel	PROPN
erjee-11843	389	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	389	10	t.	t.	NOUN
erjee-11843	389	11	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	389	12	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	389	13	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	389	14	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	389	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	390	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	390	2	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	390	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	390	4	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	390	5	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	390	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	390	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	390	8	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	390	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	391	1	ntu	ntu	PROPN
erjee-11843	391	2	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	391	3	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	391	4	administrative	administrative	ADJ
erjee-11843	391	5	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	391	6	human	human	ADJ
erjee-11843	391	7	sciences	science	NOUN
erjee-11843	391	8	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	391	9	jahs	jahs	PROPN
erjee-11843	391	10	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	391	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	391	12	2(2	2(2	NUM
erjee-11843	391	13	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	391	14	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	391	15	164–177	164–177	NUM
erjee-11843	391	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	392	1	https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujahs.v2i2.240	https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujahs.v2i2.240	PROPN
erjee-11843	392	2	situmorang	situmorang	PROPN
erjee-11843	392	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	392	4	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	392	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	392	6	sinaga	sinaga	NOUN
erjee-11843	392	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	392	8	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	392	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	392	10	sitorus	sitorus	PROPN
erjee-11843	392	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	392	12	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	392	13	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	392	14	m.	m.	PROPN
erjee-11843	392	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	392	16	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	392	17	sudrajat	sudrajat	PROPN
erjee-11843	392	18	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	392	19	a.	a.	NOUN
erjee-11843	392	20	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	392	21	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	392	22	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	392	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	393	1	implementation	implementation	NOUN
erjee-11843	393	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	393	3	projectbased	projectbase	VERB
erjee-11843	393	4	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	393	5	innovation	innovation	NOUN
erjee-11843	393	6	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	393	7	develop	develop	VERB
erjee-11843	393	8	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	393	9	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	393	10	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	393	11	thinking	thinking	NOUN
erjee-11843	393	12	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	393	13	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	393	14	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	393	15	strategy	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	393	16	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	393	17	achieve	achieve	VERB
erjee-11843	393	18	analytical	analytical	ADJ
erjee-11843	393	19	chemistry	chemistry	NOUN
erjee-11843	393	20	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	393	21	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	394	1	indian	indian	ADJ
erjee-11843	394	2	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	394	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	394	4	pharmaceutical	pharmaceutical	ADJ
erjee-11843	394	5	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	394	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	394	7	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	394	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	394	9	56(1s	56(1s	NUM
erjee-11843	394	10	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	394	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	394	12	s41	s41	NOUN
erjee-11843	394	13	–	–	PUNCT
erjee-11843	394	14	s51	s51	NOUN
erjee-11843	394	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	395	1	https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.56.1s.41	https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.56.1s.41	PROPN
erjee-11843	395	2	son	son	NOUN
erjee-11843	395	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	395	4	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	395	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	395	6	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	395	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	395	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	396	1	insights	insight	NOUN
erjee-11843	396	2	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	396	3	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	396	4	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	396	5	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	396	6	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	396	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	396	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	397	1	castledown	castledown	NOUN
erjee-11843	397	2	publishers	publisher	NOUN
erjee-11843	397	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	398	1	https://doi.org/10.29140/9781914291210	https://doi.org/10.29140/9781914291210	PROPN
erjee-11843	398	2	spivak	spivak	PROPN
erjee-11843	398	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	398	4	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	398	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	398	6	mihus	mihus	PROPN
erjee-11843	398	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	398	8	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	398	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	398	10	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	398	11	greben	greben	PROPN
erjee-11843	398	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	398	13	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	398	14	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	398	15	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	398	16	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	398	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	399	1	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	399	2	comparative	comparative	ADJ
erjee-11843	399	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
erjee-11843	399	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	399	5	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	399	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	399	7	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	399	8	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	399	9	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	399	10	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	399	11	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	399	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	400	1	pedagogy	pedagogy	NOUN
erjee-11843	400	2	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	400	3	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	400	4	management	management	NOUN
erjee-11843	400	5	review	review	NOUN
erjee-11843	400	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	400	7	2(16	2(16	NUM
erjee-11843	400	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	400	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	400	10	18–27	18–27	NUM
erjee-11843	400	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	401	1	https://doi.org/10.36690/27332039-2024-2-18-27	https://doi.org/10.36690/27332039-2024-2-18-27	NOUN
erjee-11843	401	2	stepney	stepney	PROPN
erjee-11843	401	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	401	4	o.	o.	PROPN
erjee-11843	401	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	401	6	norman	norman	PROPN
erjee-11843	401	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	401	8	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	401	9	l.	l.	PROPN
erjee-11843	401	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	401	11	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	401	12	allison	allison	PROPN
erjee-11843	401	13	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	402	1	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	402	2	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	402	3	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	402	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	403	1	cyber	cyber	PROPN
erjee-11843	403	2	security	security	NOUN
erjee-11843	403	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	403	4	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	403	5	secondary	secondary	ADJ
erjee-11843	403	6	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	403	7	curricula	curricula	NOUN
erjee-11843	403	8	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	403	9	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	403	10	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
erjee-11843	403	11	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	403	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	404	1	technical	technical	ADJ
erjee-11843	404	2	symposium	symposium	NOUN
erjee-11843	404	3	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	404	4	computer	computer	NOUN
erjee-11843	404	5	science	science	NOUN
erjee-11843	404	6	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	404	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	405	1	https://doi.org/10.1145/3545945.3569758	https://doi.org/10.1145/3545945.3569758	NOUN
erjee-11843	405	2	subkhi	subkhi	PROPN
erjee-11843	405	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	405	4	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	405	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	405	6	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	405	7	tyas	tyas	PROPN
erjee-11843	405	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	405	9	d.	d.	PROPN
erjee-11843	405	10	a.	a.	PROPN
erjee-11843	405	11	h.	h.	PROPN
erjee-11843	405	12	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	405	13	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	405	14	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	405	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	406	1	enhancing	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	406	2	arabic	arabic	ADJ
erjee-11843	406	3	vocabulary	vocabulary	PROPN
erjee-11843	406	4	mastery	mastery	NOUN
erjee-11843	406	5	through	through	ADP
erjee-11843	406	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	406	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	406	8	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	406	9	overcoming	overcome	VERB
erjee-11843	406	10	challenges	challenge	NOUN
erjee-11843	406	11	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	406	12	implementing	implement	VERB
erjee-11843	406	13	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	406	14	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	406	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	407	1	2(1	2(1	NUM
erjee-11843	407	2	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	407	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	408	1	11–24	11–24	PROPN
erjee-11843	408	2	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	409	1	https://doi.org/10.70211/ltsm.v2i1.38	https://doi.org/10.70211/ltsm.v2i1.38	PROPN
erjee-11843	409	2	tawafak	tawafak	PROPN
erjee-11843	409	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	409	4	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	409	5	m.	m.	PROPN
erjee-11843	409	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	409	7	al	al	PROPN
erjee-11843	409	8	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	409	9	obaydi	obaydi	PROPN
erjee-11843	409	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	409	11	l.	l.	PROPN
erjee-11843	409	12	h.	h.	PROPN
erjee-11843	409	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	409	14	klimova	klimova	PROPN
erjee-11843	409	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	409	16	b.	b.	PROPN
erjee-11843	409	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	409	18	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	409	19	pikhart	pikhart	PROPN
erjee-11843	409	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	409	21	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	409	22	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	409	23	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	409	24	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	409	25	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	410	1	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	410	2	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	410	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	410	4	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	410	5	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	410	6	gameplay	gameplay	NOUN
erjee-11843	410	7	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	410	8	enhancing	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	410	9	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	410	10	college	college	NOUN
erjee-11843	410	11	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	410	12	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	410	13	behavior	behavior	NOUN
erjee-11843	410	14	intention	intention	NOUN
erjee-11843	410	15	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	411	1	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
erjee-11843	411	2	educational	educational	ADJ
erjee-11843	411	3	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	411	4	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	411	5	15(4	15(4	NUM
erjee-11843	411	6	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	411	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	412	1	https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13454	https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13454	PROPN
erjee-11843	412	2	thomas	thomas	PROPN
erjee-11843	412	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	412	4	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	412	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	412	6	2014	2014	NUM
erjee-11843	412	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	412	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	413	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	413	2	technologies	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	413	3	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	413	4	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	413	5	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	413	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	413	7	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	413	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	414	1	tomczyk	tomczyk	NOUN
erjee-11843	414	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	414	3	ł	ł	PROPN
erjee-11843	414	4	.	.	PROPN
erjee-11843	414	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	414	6	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	414	7	edisherashvili	edisherashvili	NOUN
erjee-11843	414	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	414	9	n.	n.	NOUN
erjee-11843	414	10	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	414	11	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	414	12	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	414	13	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	415	1	learning	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	415	2	objectives	objective	NOUN
erjee-11843	415	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	415	4	older	old	ADJ
erjee-11843	415	5	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	415	6	digital	digital	NOUN
erjee-11843	415	7	educationredefining	educationredefine	VERB
erjee-11843	415	8	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	415	9	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
erjee-11843	415	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	416	1	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	416	2	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	416	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	416	4	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
erjee-11843	416	5	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	416	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	416	7	science	science	NOUN
erjee-11843	416	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	416	9	engineering	engineering	NOUN
erjee-11843	416	10	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	416	11	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	416	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	416	13	12(3	12(3	NUM
erjee-11843	416	14	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	416	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	416	16	123–145	123–145	NUM
erjee-11843	416	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	417	1	https://doi.org/10.23947/2334-8496-2024-12-3507-520	https://doi.org/10.23947/2334-8496-2024-12-3507-520	PROPN
erjee-11843	417	2	tomita	tomita	PROPN
erjee-11843	417	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	417	4	y.	y.	PROPN
erjee-11843	417	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	417	6	2023	2023	NUM
erjee-11843	417	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	417	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	418	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	418	2	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	418	3	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	418	4	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	418	5	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	418	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	419	1	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	419	2	advances	advance	NOUN
erjee-11843	419	3	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	419	4	educational	educational	ADJ
erjee-11843	419	5	technologies	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	419	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	419	7	instructional	instructional	ADJ
erjee-11843	419	8	design	design	NOUN
erjee-11843	419	9	book	book	NOUN
erjee-11843	419	10	series	series	NOUN
erjee-11843	419	11	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	419	12	pp	pp	ADJ
erjee-11843	419	13	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	419	14	108–129	108–129	NUM
erjee-11843	419	15	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	419	16	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	1	https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-87617.ch006	https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-87617.ch006	NUM
erjee-11843	420	2	tóth	tóth	NOUN
erjee-11843	420	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	4	t.	t.	PROPN
erjee-11843	420	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	6	virágh	virágh	NOUN
erjee-11843	420	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	8	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	420	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	10	hallová	hallová	PROPN
erjee-11843	420	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	12	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	420	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	14	stuchlý	stuchlý	ADJ
erjee-11843	420	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	16	p.	p.	NOUN
erjee-11843	420	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	18	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	420	19	hennyeyová	hennyeyová	PROPN
erjee-11843	420	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	21	k.	k.	PROPN
erjee-11843	420	22	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	23	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	420	24	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	420	25	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	421	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	421	2	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	421	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	421	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	421	5	native	native	ADJ
erjee-11843	421	6	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	421	7	as	as	ADP
erjee-11843	421	8	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
erjee-11843	421	9	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	421	10	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	421	11	transformation	transformation	NOUN
erjee-11843	421	12	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	421	13	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	421	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	422	1	international	international	ADJ
erjee-11843	422	2	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	422	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	422	4	emerging	emerge	VERB
erjee-11843	422	5	technologies	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	422	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	422	7	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	422	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	422	9	17(16	17(16	NUM
erjee-11843	422	10	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	422	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	422	12	150–166	150–166	NUM
erjee-11843	422	13	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	423	1	https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v17i16.31791	https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v17i16.31791	PROPN
erjee-11843	423	2	uk	uk	PROPN
erjee-11843	423	3	council	council	PROPN
erjee-11843	423	4	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	423	5	internet	internet	NOUN
erjee-11843	423	6	safety	safety	NOUN
erjee-11843	423	7	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	424	1	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	424	2	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	424	3	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	424	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	425	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	425	2	resilience	resilience	NOUN
erjee-11843	425	3	framework	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	425	4	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	425	5	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	425	6	framework	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	425	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	425	8	tool	tool	NOUN
erjee-11843	425	9	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	425	10	organisations	organisation	NOUN
erjee-11843	425	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	425	12	communities	community	NOUN
erjee-11843	425	13	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	425	14	groups	group	NOUN
erjee-11843	425	15	to	to	PART
erjee-11843	425	16	help	help	VERB
erjee-11843	425	17	people	people	NOUN
erjee-11843	425	18	build	build	VERB
erjee-11843	425	19	resilience	resilience	NOUN
erjee-11843	425	20	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	425	21	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	425	22	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	425	23	life	life	NOUN
erjee-11843	425	24	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	426	1	un	un	PROPN
erjee-11843	426	2	secretary	secretary	PROPN
erjee-11843	426	3	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	426	4	general	general	NOUN
erjee-11843	426	5	’s	’s	PART
erjee-11843	426	6	high	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	426	7	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	426	8	level	level	NOUN
erjee-11843	426	9	panel	panel	NOUN
erjee-11843	426	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	427	1	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	427	2	2020	2020	NUM
erjee-11843	427	3	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	427	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	428	1	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	428	2	impact	impact	NOUN
erjee-11843	428	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	428	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	428	5	technologies	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	428	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	429	1	https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/2019/	https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/2019/	X
erjee-11843	429	2	10	10	NUM
erjee-11843	429	3	/	/	SYM
erjee-11843	429	4	un75_new_technologies.pdf	un75_new_technologies.pdf	PROPN
erjee-11843	429	5	unesco	unesco	PROPN
erjee-11843	429	6	institute	institute	PROPN
erjee-11843	429	7	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	429	8	statistic	statistic	NOUN
erjee-11843	429	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	430	1	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	430	2	2018	2018	NUM
erjee-11843	430	3	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	430	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	431	1	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	431	2	global	global	ADJ
erjee-11843	431	3	framework	framework	NOUN
erjee-11843	431	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	431	5	reference	reference	NOUN
erjee-11843	431	6	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	431	7	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	431	8	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	431	9	english	english	PROPN
erjee-11843	431	10	review	review	NOUN
erjee-11843	431	11	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	431	12	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	431	13	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	431	14	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	431	15	education	education	PROPN
erjee-11843	431	16	p	p	PROPN
erjee-11843	431	17	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	431	18	issn	issn	PROPN
erjee-11843	431	19	2301	2301	NUM
erjee-11843	431	20	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	431	21	7554	7554	NUM
erjee-11843	431	22	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	431	23	e	e	X
erjee-11843	431	24	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	431	25	issn	issn	VERB
erjee-11843	431	26	2541	2541	NUM
erjee-11843	431	27	-	-	SYM
erjee-11843	431	28	3643	3643	NUM
erjee-11843	431	29	volume	volume	NOUN
erjee-11843	431	30	13	13	NUM
erjee-11843	431	31	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	431	32	issue	issue	NOUN
erjee-11843	431	33	2	2	NUM
erjee-11843	431	34	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	431	35	june	june	PROPN
erjee-11843	431	36	2025	2025	NUM
erjee-11843	431	37	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee	PROPN
erjee-11843	431	38	689	689	NUM
erjee-11843	431	39	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	431	40	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	431	41	indicator	indicator	NOUN
erjee-11843	431	42	4.4.2	4.4.2	NUM
erjee-11843	431	43	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	432	1	http://www.uis.unesco.org	http://www.uis.unesco.org	PROPN
erjee-11843	432	2	university	university	PROPN
erjee-11843	432	3	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	432	4	birmingham	birmingham	PROPN
erjee-11843	432	5	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	433	1	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	433	2	2014	2014	NUM
erjee-11843	433	3	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	433	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	434	1	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	434	2	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	434	3	study	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	434	4	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	434	5	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	434	6	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	434	7	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	434	8	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
erjee-11843	434	9	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	435	1	vijayakumar	vijayakumar	PROPN
erjee-11843	435	2	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	435	3	i.	i.	PROPN
erjee-11843	435	4	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	435	5	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	435	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	435	7	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	435	8	karthikeyan	karthikeyan	PROPN
erjee-11843	435	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	435	10	j.	j.	PROPN
erjee-11843	435	11	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	435	12	2019	2019	NUM
erjee-11843	435	13	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	435	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	436	1	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	436	2	-	-	PUNCT
erjee-11843	436	3	enabled	enable	VERB
erjee-11843	436	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	436	5	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	436	6	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	436	7	using	use	VERB
erjee-11843	436	8	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	436	9	flipped	flip	VERB
erjee-11843	436	10	innovation	innovation	NOUN
erjee-11843	436	11	model	model	NOUN
erjee-11843	436	12	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	436	13	pp	pp	ADJ
erjee-11843	436	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	437	1	325–332	325–332	NUM
erjee-11843	437	2	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	437	3	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	438	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/978981-13-3329-3_30	https://doi.org/10.1007/978981-13-3329-3_30	PUNCT
erjee-11843	438	2	wahyuddin	wahyuddin	VERB
erjee-11843	438	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	438	4	n.	n.	PROPN
erjee-11843	438	5	r.	r.	PROPN
erjee-11843	438	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	438	7	nur	nur	VERB
erjee-11843	438	8	eva	eva	PROPN
erjee-11843	438	9	yanti	yanti	PROPN
erjee-11843	438	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	438	11	riska	riska	ADJ
erjee-11843	438	12	arnas	arna	NOUN
erjee-11843	438	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	438	14	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	438	15	sam	sam	PROPN
erjee-11843	438	16	hermansyah	hermansyah	PROPN
erjee-11843	438	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	439	1	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	439	2	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	439	3	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	439	4	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	440	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	440	2	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	440	3	integrated	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	440	4	with	with	ADP
erjee-11843	440	5	blended	blend	VERB
erjee-11843	440	6	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	440	7	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	440	8	improving	improve	VERB
erjee-11843	440	9	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	440	10	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	440	11	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	440	12	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	440	13	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	440	14	skills	skill	NOUN
erjee-11843	440	15	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	440	16	a	a	DET
erjee-11843	440	17	lesson	lesson	NOUN
erjee-11843	440	18	learned	learn	VERB
erjee-11843	440	19	from	from	ADP
erjee-11843	440	20	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	440	21	independent	independent	ADJ
erjee-11843	440	22	campus	campus	NOUN
erjee-11843	440	23	program	program	NOUN
erjee-11843	440	24	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	441	1	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	441	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	441	3	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	441	4	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	441	5	literature	literature	NOUN
erjee-11843	441	6	studies	study	NOUN
erjee-11843	441	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	441	8	4(4	4(4	NUM
erjee-11843	441	9	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	441	10	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	441	11	744–757	744–757	NUM
erjee-11843	441	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	442	1	https://doi.org/10.36312/jolls.v4i4.2351	https://doi.org/10.36312/jolls.v4i4.2351	PROPN
erjee-11843	442	2	wang	wang	PROPN
erjee-11843	442	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	442	4	y.	y.	PROPN
erjee-11843	442	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	442	6	2022	2022	NUM
erjee-11843	442	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	442	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	443	1	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	443	2	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	443	3	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	443	4	integration	integration	NOUN
erjee-11843	443	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	443	6	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	443	7	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	443	8	into	into	ADP
erjee-11843	443	9	english	english	ADJ
erjee-11843	443	10	classroom	classroom	NOUN
erjee-11843	443	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
erjee-11843	443	12	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	443	13	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	443	14	vocational	vocational	ADJ
erjee-11843	443	15	colleges	college	NOUN
erjee-11843	443	16	under	under	ADP
erjee-11843	443	17	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	443	18	background	background	NOUN
erjee-11843	443	19	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	443	20	educational	educational	ADJ
erjee-11843	443	21	digitalization	digitalization	NOUN
erjee-11843	443	22	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	444	1	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	444	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	444	3	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	444	4	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	444	5	research	research	NOUN
erjee-11843	444	6	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	444	7	3(4	3(4	NUM
erjee-11843	444	8	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	444	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	444	10	385	385	NUM
erjee-11843	444	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	445	1	https://doi.org/10.32629/jher.v3i4.1018	https://doi.org/10.32629/jher.v3i4.1018	NOUN
erjee-11843	445	2	yadav	yadav	PROPN
erjee-11843	445	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	445	4	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	445	5	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	445	6	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	445	7	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	445	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	446	1	enhancing	enhance	VERB
erjee-11843	446	2	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	446	3	competencies	competency	NOUN
erjee-11843	446	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	446	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	446	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	447	1	advances	advance	NOUN
erjee-11843	447	2	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	447	3	educational	educational	ADJ
erjee-11843	447	4	marketing	marketing	NOUN
erjee-11843	447	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	447	6	administration	administration	NOUN
erjee-11843	447	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	447	8	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	447	9	leadership	leadership	NOUN
erjee-11843	447	10	book	book	NOUN
erjee-11843	447	11	series	series	NOUN
erjee-11843	447	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	447	13	109–134	109–134	NUM
erjee-11843	447	14	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	448	1	https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-33731692-5.ch005	https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-33731692-5.ch005	PROPN
erjee-11843	448	2	zakharevych	zakharevych	PROPN
erjee-11843	448	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	448	4	m.	m.	NOUN
erjee-11843	448	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	448	6	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	448	7	hryhorenko	hryhorenko	PROPN
erjee-11843	448	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	448	9	v.	v.	PROPN
erjee-11843	448	10	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	448	11	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	448	12	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	448	13	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	449	1	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	449	2	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	449	3	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	449	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	449	5	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	449	6	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	449	7	higher	high	ADJ
erjee-11843	449	8	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	449	9	acquires	acquire	VERB
erjee-11843	449	10	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	450	1	збірник	збірник	ADJ
erjee-11843	450	2	наукових	наукових	PROPN
erjee-11843	450	3	праць	праць	PROPN
erjee-11843	450	4	уманського	уманського	NOUN
erjee-11843	450	5	державного	державного	NOUN
erjee-11843	450	6	педагогічного	педагогічного	ADJ
erjee-11843	450	7	університету	університету	PROPN
erjee-11843	450	8	імені	імені	NOUN
erjee-11843	450	9	павла	павла	ADV
erjee-11843	450	10	тичини	тичини	NOUN
erjee-11843	450	11	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	1	https://doi.org/10.31499/23074906.1.2024.302215	https://doi.org/10.31499/23074906.1.2024.302215	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	2	zhang	zhang	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	4	l.	l.	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	6	ryskulova	ryskulova	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	8	b.	b.	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	10	cheng	cheng	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	12	x.	x.	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	13	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	14	ren	ren	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	15	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	16	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	17	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	18	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	451	19	apaeva	apaeva	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	20	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	21	s.	s.	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	22	kh	kh	PROPN
erjee-11843	451	23	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	24	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	25	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	451	26	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	451	27	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	452	1	critical	critical	ADJ
erjee-11843	452	2	thinking	thinking	NOUN
erjee-11843	452	3	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	452	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	452	5	foreign	foreign	ADJ
erjee-11843	452	6	language	language	NOUN
erjee-11843	452	7	teachers	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	452	8	through	through	ADP
erjee-11843	452	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	452	10	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	452	11	training	training	NOUN
erjee-11843	452	12	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	453	1	journal	journal	NOUN
erjee-11843	453	2	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	453	3	educational	educational	ADJ
erjee-11843	453	4	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	453	5	development	development	NOUN
erjee-11843	453	6	and	and	CCONJ
erjee-11843	453	7	exchange	exchange	NOUN
erjee-11843	453	8	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	453	9	17(1	17(1	NUM
erjee-11843	453	10	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	453	11	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	453	12	222–236	222–236	NUM
erjee-11843	453	13	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	454	1	https://doi.org/10.18785/jetde.1701.13	https://doi.org/10.18785/jetde.1701.13	PROPN
erjee-11843	454	2	zheng	zheng	PROPN
erjee-11843	454	3	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	454	4	q.	q.	PROPN
erjee-11843	454	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	454	6	yuan	yuan	PROPN
erjee-11843	454	7	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	454	8	z.	z.	PROPN
erjee-11843	454	9	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	454	10	&	&	CCONJ
erjee-11843	454	11	pan	pan	PROPN
erjee-11843	454	12	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	454	13	x.	x.	NOUN
erjee-11843	454	14	(	(	PUNCT
erjee-11843	454	15	2024	2024	NUM
erjee-11843	454	16	)	)	PUNCT
erjee-11843	454	17	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	455	1	examining	examine	VERB
erjee-11843	455	2	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	455	3	influencing	influence	VERB
erjee-11843	455	4	effect	effect	NOUN
erjee-11843	455	5	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	455	6	efl	efl	PROPN
erjee-11843	455	7	students	student	NOUN
erjee-11843	455	8	’	'	PUNCT
erjee-11843	455	9	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	455	10	literacy	literacy	NOUN
erjee-11843	455	11	on	on	ADP
erjee-11843	455	12	their	their	PRON
erjee-11843	455	13	online	online	ADJ
erjee-11843	455	14	learning	learning	NOUN
erjee-11843	455	15	power	power	NOUN
erjee-11843	455	16	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	455	17	the	the	DET
erjee-11843	455	18	mediating	mediate	VERB
erjee-11843	455	19	role	role	NOUN
erjee-11843	455	20	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	455	21	perceived	perceive	VERB
erjee-11843	455	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
erjee-11843	455	23	support	support	NOUN
erjee-11843	455	24	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	456	1	asia	asia	PROPN
erjee-11843	456	2	pacific	pacific	PROPN
erjee-11843	456	3	journal	journal	PROPN
erjee-11843	456	4	of	of	ADP
erjee-11843	456	5	education	education	NOUN
erjee-11843	456	6	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	457	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2024.24046	https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2024.24046	PROPN
erjee-11843	457	2	https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2024.24046	https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2024.24046	PROPN
erjee-11843	457	3	ikhfi	ikhfi	NOUN
erjee-11843	457	4	imaniah	imaniah	PROPN
erjee-11843	457	5	,	,	PUNCT
erjee-11843	457	6	akhmad	akhmad	PROPN
erjee-11843	457	7	zakky	zakky	VERB
erjee-11843	457	8	.	.	PUNCT
erjee-11843	458	1	deni	deni	PROPN
erjee-11843	458	2	yuliana	yuliana	PROPN
erjee-11843	458	3	integrating	integrate	VERB
erjee-11843	458	4	digital	digital	ADJ
erjee-11843	458	5	competence	competence	NOUN
erjee-11843	458	6	in	in	ADP
erjee-11843	458	7	adult	adult	NOUN
erjee-11843	458	8	efl	efl	NOUN
erjee-11843	458	9	learners	learner	NOUN
erjee-11843	458	10	:	:	PUNCT
erjee-11843	458	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
erjee-11843	458	12	for	for	ADP
erjee-11843	458	13	effective	effective	ADJ
erjee-11843	458	14	technology	technology	NOUN
erjee-11843	458	15	use	use	NOUN
erjee-11843	458	16	690	690	NUM