id sid tid token lemma pos erjee-91 1 1 49 49 NUM erjee-91 1 2 english english PROPN erjee-91 1 3 review review NOUN erjee-91 1 4 : : PUNCT erjee-91 1 5 journal journal NOUN erjee-91 1 6 of of ADP erjee-91 1 7 english english PROPN erjee-91 1 8 education education PROPN erjee-91 1 9 issn issn VERB erjee-91 1 10 2301 2301 NUM erjee-91 1 11 - - SYM erjee-91 1 12 7554 7554 NUM erjee-91 1 13 vol.2 vol.2 NOUN erjee-91 1 14 , , PUNCT erjee-91 1 15 issue issue NOUN erjee-91 1 16 1 1 NUM erjee-91 1 17 , , PUNCT erjee-91 1 18 december december PROPN erjee-91 1 19 2013 2013 NUM erjee-91 1 20 http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee PUNCT erjee-91 1 21 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 1 22 : : PUNCT erjee-91 1 23 a a DET erjee-91 1 24 factor factor NOUN erjee-91 1 25 to to PART erjee-91 1 26 improve improve VERB erjee-91 1 27 iranian iranian ADJ erjee-91 1 28 preintermediate preintermediate PROPN erjee-91 1 29 efl efl PROPN erjee-91 1 30 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 1 31 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 1 32 structural structural ADJ erjee-91 1 33 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 1 34 faezeh faezeh VERB erjee-91 1 35 nemati nemati PROPN erjee-91 1 36 department department PROPN erjee-91 1 37 of of ADP erjee-91 1 38 english english PROPN erjee-91 1 39 , , PUNCT erjee-91 1 40 garmsar garmsar ADJ erjee-91 1 41 branch branch NOUN erjee-91 1 42 , , PUNCT erjee-91 1 43 islamic islamic PROPN erjee-91 1 44 azad azad PROPN erjee-91 1 45 university university PROPN erjee-91 1 46 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 1 47 iau iau PROPN erjee-91 1 48 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 1 49 , , PUNCT erjee-91 1 50 daneshjo daneshjo PROPN erjee-91 1 51 street street PROPN erjee-91 1 52 , , PUNCT erjee-91 1 53 garmsar garmsar PROPN erjee-91 1 54 , , PUNCT erjee-91 1 55 iran iran PROPN erjee-91 1 56 email email NOUN erjee-91 1 57 : : PUNCT erjee-91 2 1 f f PROPN erjee-91 2 2 aezeh4006@yahoo.com aezeh4006@yahoo.com PROPN erjee-91 3 1 hamid hamid PROPN erjee-91 3 2 ashraf ashraf PROPN erjee-91 3 3 department department PROPN erjee-91 3 4 of of ADP erjee-91 3 5 english english PROPN erjee-91 3 6 , , PUNCT erjee-91 3 7 torbat torbat NOUN erjee-91 3 8 - - PUNCT erjee-91 3 9 e e NOUN erjee-91 3 10 - - NOUN erjee-91 3 11 heydarieh heydarieh ADJ erjee-91 3 12 branch branch NOUN erjee-91 3 13 , , PUNCT erjee-91 3 14 islamic islamic PROPN erjee-91 3 15 azad azad PROPN erjee-91 3 16 university university PROPN erjee-91 3 17 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 3 18 iau iau PROPN erjee-91 3 19 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 3 20 , , PUNCT erjee-91 3 21 torbat torbat NOUN erjee-91 3 22 - - PUNCT erjee-91 3 23 e e NOUN erjee-91 3 24 - - NOUN erjee-91 3 25 heydarieh heydarieh NOUN erjee-91 3 26 , , PUNCT erjee-91 3 27 iran iran PROPN erjee-91 3 28 email email NOUN erjee-91 3 29 : : PUNCT erjee-91 3 30 hamid_ashraf_elt@yahoo.com hamid_ashraf_elt@yahoo.com X erjee-91 3 31 ; ; PUNCT erjee-91 3 32 & & CCONJ erjee-91 3 33 hamid.ashraf.elt@gmail.com hamid.ashraf.elt@gmail.com PROPN erjee-91 4 1 apa apa PROPN erjee-91 4 2 citation citation PROPN erjee-91 4 3 : : PUNCT erjee-91 5 1 nemati nemati PROPN erjee-91 5 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 5 3 f. f. PROPN erjee-91 5 4 & & CCONJ erjee-91 5 5 ashraf ashraf PROPN erjee-91 5 6 , , PUNCT erjee-91 5 7 h. h. PROPN erjee-91 5 8 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 5 9 2013 2013 NUM erjee-91 5 10 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 5 11 . . PUNCT erjee-91 6 1 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 6 2 : : PUNCT erjee-91 6 3 a a DET erjee-91 6 4 factor factor NOUN erjee-91 6 5 to to PART erjee-91 6 6 improve improve VERB erjee-91 6 7 iranian iranian ADJ erjee-91 6 8 preintermediate preintermediate PROPN erjee-91 6 9 efl efl PROPN erjee-91 6 10 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 6 11 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 6 12 structural structural ADJ erjee-91 6 13 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 6 14 . . PUNCT erjee-91 7 1 english english PROPN erjee-91 7 2 review review PROPN erjee-91 7 3 : : PUNCT erjee-91 7 4 journal journal NOUN erjee-91 7 5 of of ADP erjee-91 7 6 english english PROPN erjee-91 7 7 education education NOUN erjee-91 7 8 , , PUNCT erjee-91 7 9 2(1 2(1 NUM erjee-91 7 10 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 7 11 , , PUNCT erjee-91 7 12 49 49 NUM erjee-91 7 13 - - SYM erjee-91 7 14 56 56 NUM erjee-91 7 15 received receive VERB erjee-91 7 16 : : PUNCT erjee-91 7 17 10 10 NUM erjee-91 7 18 - - SYM erjee-91 7 19 07 07 NUM erjee-91 7 20 - - PUNCT erjee-91 7 21 2013 2013 NUM erjee-91 7 22 accepted accept VERB erjee-91 7 23 : : PUNCT erjee-91 7 24 30 30 NUM erjee-91 7 25 - - SYM erjee-91 7 26 10 10 NUM erjee-91 7 27 - - PUNCT erjee-91 7 28 2013 2013 NUM erjee-91 7 29 published publish VERB erjee-91 7 30 : : PUNCT erjee-91 7 31 01 01 NUM erjee-91 7 32 - - SYM erjee-91 7 33 12 12 NUM erjee-91 7 34 - - PUNCT erjee-91 7 35 2013 2013 NUM erjee-91 7 36 abstract abstract NOUN erjee-91 7 37 : : PUNCT erjee-91 7 38 the the DET erjee-91 7 39 present present ADJ erjee-91 7 40 study study NOUN erjee-91 7 41 was be AUX erjee-91 7 42 conducted conduct VERB erjee-91 7 43 to to PART erjee-91 7 44 investigate investigate VERB erjee-91 7 45 the the DET erjee-91 7 46 effect effect NOUN erjee-91 7 47 of of ADP erjee-91 7 48 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 7 49 , , PUNCT erjee-91 7 50 explicit explicit ADJ erjee-91 7 51 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 7 52 on on ADP erjee-91 7 53 form form NOUN erjee-91 7 54 on on ADP erjee-91 7 55 linguistic linguistic ADJ erjee-91 7 56 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 7 57 . . PUNCT erjee-91 8 1 to to PART erjee-91 8 2 fulfill fulfill VERB erjee-91 8 3 the the DET erjee-91 8 4 purpose purpose NOUN erjee-91 8 5 of of ADP erjee-91 8 6 the the DET erjee-91 8 7 study study NOUN erjee-91 8 8 , , PUNCT erjee-91 8 9 44 44 NUM erjee-91 8 10 iranian iranian ADJ erjee-91 8 11 pre pre ADJ erjee-91 8 12 - - ADJ erjee-91 8 13 intermediate intermediate ADJ erjee-91 8 14 efl efl NOUN erjee-91 8 15 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 8 16 of of ADP erjee-91 8 17 one one NUM erjee-91 8 18 of of ADP erjee-91 8 19 the the DET erjee-91 8 20 language language NOUN erjee-91 8 21 institutes institute NOUN erjee-91 8 22 were be AUX erjee-91 8 23 chosen choose VERB erjee-91 8 24 by by ADP erjee-91 8 25 means mean NOUN erjee-91 8 26 of of ADP erjee-91 8 27 administering administer VERB erjee-91 8 28 the the DET erjee-91 8 29 ket ket NOUN erjee-91 8 30 homogeneity homogeneity NOUN erjee-91 8 31 test test NOUN erjee-91 8 32 . . PUNCT erjee-91 9 1 these these DET erjee-91 9 2 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 9 3 were be AUX erjee-91 9 4 pretested preteste VERB erjee-91 9 5 through through ADP erjee-91 9 6 a a DET erjee-91 9 7 structured structured ADJ erjee-91 9 8 interview interview NOUN erjee-91 9 9 to to PART erjee-91 9 10 check check VERB erjee-91 9 11 their their PRON erjee-91 9 12 current current ADJ erjee-91 9 13 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 9 14 level level NOUN erjee-91 9 15 regarding regard VERB erjee-91 9 16 the the DET erjee-91 9 17 oral oral ADJ erjee-91 9 18 production production NOUN erjee-91 9 19 of of ADP erjee-91 9 20 five five NUM erjee-91 9 21 structures structure NOUN erjee-91 9 22 . . PUNCT erjee-91 10 1 based base VERB erjee-91 10 2 on on ADP erjee-91 10 3 the the DET erjee-91 10 4 results result NOUN erjee-91 10 5 of of ADP erjee-91 10 6 the the DET erjee-91 10 7 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 10 8 , , PUNCT erjee-91 10 9 two two NUM erjee-91 10 10 matched match VERB erjee-91 10 11 groups group NOUN erjee-91 10 12 , , PUNCT erjee-91 10 13 one one NUM erjee-91 10 14 as as ADP erjee-91 10 15 the the DET erjee-91 10 16 control control NOUN erjee-91 10 17 group group NOUN erjee-91 10 18 and and CCONJ erjee-91 10 19 the the DET erjee-91 10 20 other other ADJ erjee-91 10 21 as as ADP erjee-91 10 22 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 10 23 group group NOUN erjee-91 10 24 , , PUNCT erjee-91 10 25 were be AUX erjee-91 10 26 formed form VERB erjee-91 10 27 . . PUNCT erjee-91 11 1 then then ADV erjee-91 11 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 11 3 two two NUM erjee-91 11 4 groups group NOUN erjee-91 11 5 were be AUX erjee-91 11 6 provided provide VERB erjee-91 11 7 with with ADP erjee-91 11 8 tasks task NOUN erjee-91 11 9 through through ADP erjee-91 11 10 listening listen VERB erjee-91 11 11 about about ADP erjee-91 11 12 the the DET erjee-91 11 13 target target NOUN erjee-91 11 14 structures structure NOUN erjee-91 11 15 in in ADP erjee-91 11 16 the the DET erjee-91 11 17 study study NOUN erjee-91 11 18 . . PUNCT erjee-91 12 1 of of ADP erjee-91 12 2 course course NOUN erjee-91 12 3 , , PUNCT erjee-91 12 4 the the DET erjee-91 12 5 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 12 6 group group NOUN erjee-91 12 7 underwent underwent NOUN erjee-91 12 8 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 12 9 on on ADP erjee-91 12 10 form form NOUN erjee-91 12 11 explicitly explicitly ADV erjee-91 12 12 through through ADP erjee-91 12 13 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 12 14 , , PUNCT erjee-91 12 15 while while SCONJ erjee-91 12 16 the the DET erjee-91 12 17 control control NOUN erjee-91 12 18 group group NOUN erjee-91 12 19 was be AUX erjee-91 12 20 not not PART erjee-91 12 21 provided provide VERB erjee-91 12 22 with with ADP erjee-91 12 23 it it PRON erjee-91 12 24 . . PUNCT erjee-91 13 1 after after ADP erjee-91 13 2 twenty twenty NUM erjee-91 13 3 sessions session NOUN erjee-91 13 4 of of ADP erjee-91 13 5 treatment treatment NOUN erjee-91 13 6 , , PUNCT erjee-91 13 7 each each DET erjee-91 13 8 ninety ninety NUM erjee-91 13 9 minutes minute NOUN erjee-91 13 10 , , PUNCT erjee-91 13 11 the the DET erjee-91 13 12 two two NUM erjee-91 13 13 groups group NOUN erjee-91 13 14 were be AUX erjee-91 13 15 post post NOUN erjee-91 13 16 tested test VERB erjee-91 13 17 through through ADP erjee-91 13 18 another another DET erjee-91 13 19 structured structured ADJ erjee-91 13 20 interview interview NOUN erjee-91 13 21 . . PUNCT erjee-91 14 1 the the DET erjee-91 14 2 data datum NOUN erjee-91 14 3 obtained obtain VERB erjee-91 14 4 from from ADP erjee-91 14 5 instruments instrument NOUN erjee-91 14 6 used use VERB erjee-91 14 7 in in ADP erjee-91 14 8 the the DET erjee-91 14 9 present present ADJ erjee-91 14 10 study study NOUN erjee-91 14 11 indicated indicate VERB erjee-91 14 12 that that SCONJ erjee-91 14 13 the the DET erjee-91 14 14 instructional instructional ADJ erjee-91 14 15 treatment treatment NOUN erjee-91 14 16 , , PUNCT erjee-91 14 17 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 14 18 , , PUNCT erjee-91 14 19 had have VERB erjee-91 14 20 a a DET erjee-91 14 21 significant significant ADJ erjee-91 14 22 effect effect NOUN erjee-91 14 23 on on ADP erjee-91 14 24 the the DET erjee-91 14 25 acquisition acquisition NOUN erjee-91 14 26 of of ADP erjee-91 14 27 the the DET erjee-91 14 28 target target NOUN erjee-91 14 29 forms form NOUN erjee-91 14 30 . . PUNCT erjee-91 15 1 the the DET erjee-91 15 2 scores score NOUN erjee-91 15 3 of of ADP erjee-91 15 4 the the DET erjee-91 15 5 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 15 6 demonstrated demonstrate VERB erjee-91 15 7 that that SCONJ erjee-91 15 8 in in ADP erjee-91 15 9 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 15 10 group group NOUN erjee-91 15 11 outperformed outperform VERB erjee-91 15 12 the the DET erjee-91 15 13 control control NOUN erjee-91 15 14 group group NOUN erjee-91 15 15 in in ADP erjee-91 15 16 terms term NOUN erjee-91 15 17 of of ADP erjee-91 15 18 the the DET erjee-91 15 19 average average ADJ erjee-91 15 20 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 15 21 gains gain NOUN erjee-91 15 22 . . PUNCT erjee-91 16 1 finally finally ADV erjee-91 16 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 16 3 it it PRON erjee-91 16 4 was be AUX erjee-91 16 5 concluded conclude VERB erjee-91 16 6 that that SCONJ erjee-91 16 7 explicit explicit ADJ erjee-91 16 8 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 16 9 on on ADP erjee-91 16 10 form form NOUN erjee-91 16 11 , , PUNCT erjee-91 16 12 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 16 13 , , PUNCT erjee-91 16 14 can can AUX erjee-91 16 15 lead lead VERB erjee-91 16 16 to to ADP erjee-91 16 17 higher high ADJ erjee-91 16 18 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 16 19 in in ADP erjee-91 16 20 oral oral ADJ erjee-91 16 21 production production NOUN erjee-91 16 22 in in ADP erjee-91 16 23 comparison comparison NOUN erjee-91 16 24 to to ADP erjee-91 16 25 control control NOUN erjee-91 16 26 group group NOUN erjee-91 16 27 keywords keyword NOUN erjee-91 16 28 : : PUNCT erjee-91 16 29 explicit explicit ADJ erjee-91 16 30 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 16 31 on on ADP erjee-91 16 32 form form NOUN erjee-91 16 33 , , PUNCT erjee-91 16 34 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 16 35 , , PUNCT erjee-91 16 36 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 16 37 students student NOUN erjee-91 16 38 do do AUX erjee-91 16 39 not not PART erjee-91 16 40 get get AUX erjee-91 16 41 involved involve VERB erjee-91 16 42 in in ADP erjee-91 16 43 the the DET erjee-91 16 44 interactive interactive ADJ erjee-91 16 45 and and CCONJ erjee-91 16 46 communicative communicative ADJ erjee-91 16 47 process process NOUN erjee-91 16 48 of of ADP erjee-91 16 49 language language NOUN erjee-91 16 50 learning learning NOUN erjee-91 16 51 . . PUNCT erjee-91 17 1 furthermore furthermore ADV erjee-91 17 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 17 3 a a DET erjee-91 17 4 language language NOUN erjee-91 17 5 acquisition acquisition NOUN erjee-91 17 6 research research NOUN erjee-91 17 7 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 17 8 doughty doughty PROPN erjee-91 17 9 & & CCONJ erjee-91 17 10 williams williams PROPN erjee-91 17 11 , , PUNCT erjee-91 17 12 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 17 13 ; ; PUNCT erjee-91 17 14 swain swain PROPN erjee-91 17 15 , , PUNCT erjee-91 17 16 1995 1995 NUM erjee-91 17 17 , , PUNCT erjee-91 17 18 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 17 19 , , PUNCT erjee-91 17 20 2005 2005 NUM erjee-91 17 21 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 17 22 , , PUNCT erjee-91 17 23 has have AUX erjee-91 17 24 illustrated illustrate VERB erjee-91 17 25 that that SCONJ erjee-91 17 26 focusing focus VERB erjee-91 17 27 on on ADP erjee-91 17 28 form form NOUN erjee-91 17 29 , , PUNCT erjee-91 17 30 which which PRON erjee-91 17 31 is be AUX erjee-91 17 32 defined define VERB erjee-91 17 33 as as ADP erjee-91 17 34 considering consider VERB erjee-91 17 35 the the DET erjee-91 17 36 linguistic linguistic ADJ erjee-91 17 37 form form NOUN erjee-91 17 38 in in ADP erjee-91 17 39 any any DET erjee-91 17 40 communicative communicative ADJ erjee-91 17 41 task task NOUN erjee-91 17 42 , , PUNCT erjee-91 17 43 is be AUX erjee-91 17 44 essential essential ADJ erjee-91 17 45 in in ADP erjee-91 17 46 sustained sustained ADJ erjee-91 17 47 promotion promotion NOUN erjee-91 17 48 of of ADP erjee-91 17 49 language language NOUN erjee-91 17 50 skills skill NOUN erjee-91 17 51 and and CCONJ erjee-91 17 52 proficiency proficiency NOUN erjee-91 17 53 . . PUNCT erjee-91 18 1 as as ADP erjee-91 18 2 a a DET erjee-91 18 3 result result NOUN erjee-91 18 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 18 5 focusing focus VERB erjee-91 18 6 on on ADP erjee-91 18 7 form form NOUN erjee-91 18 8 is be AUX erjee-91 18 9 considered consider VERB erjee-91 18 10 as as ADP erjee-91 18 11 a a DET erjee-91 18 12 method method NOUN erjee-91 18 13 of of ADP erjee-91 18 14 teaching teaching NOUN erjee-91 18 15 grammar grammar NOUN erjee-91 18 16 . . PUNCT erjee-91 19 1 this this DET erjee-91 19 2 method method NOUN erjee-91 19 3 could could AUX erjee-91 19 4 specifically specifically ADV erjee-91 19 5 cater cater VERB erjee-91 19 6 for for ADP erjee-91 19 7 the the DET erjee-91 19 8 needs need NOUN erjee-91 19 9 introduction introduction NOUN erjee-91 19 10 grammar grammar NOUN erjee-91 19 11 instructions instruction NOUN erjee-91 19 12 , , PUNCT erjee-91 19 13 as as ADP erjee-91 19 14 a a DET erjee-91 19 15 controversial controversial ADJ erjee-91 19 16 issue issue NOUN erjee-91 19 17 in in ADP erjee-91 19 18 language language NOUN erjee-91 19 19 teaching teaching NOUN erjee-91 19 20 , , PUNCT erjee-91 19 21 play play VERB erjee-91 19 22 an an DET erjee-91 19 23 important important ADJ erjee-91 19 24 role role NOUN erjee-91 19 25 in in ADP erjee-91 19 26 promotion promotion NOUN erjee-91 19 27 of of ADP erjee-91 19 28 communicative communicative ADJ erjee-91 19 29 skills skill NOUN erjee-91 19 30 and and CCONJ erjee-91 19 31 capabilities capability NOUN erjee-91 19 32 . . PUNCT erjee-91 20 1 traditionally traditionally ADV erjee-91 20 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 20 3 grammar grammar NOUN erjee-91 20 4 instructions instruction NOUN erjee-91 20 5 have have AUX erjee-91 20 6 included include VERB erjee-91 20 7 a a DET erjee-91 20 8 group group NOUN erjee-91 20 9 of of ADP erjee-91 20 10 grammatical grammatical ADJ erjee-91 20 11 rules rule NOUN erjee-91 20 12 and and CCONJ erjee-91 20 13 manipulative manipulative ADJ erjee-91 20 14 exercises exercise NOUN erjee-91 20 15 which which PRON erjee-91 20 16 are be AUX erjee-91 20 17 necessary necessary ADJ erjee-91 20 18 in in ADP erjee-91 20 19 practicing practice VERB erjee-91 20 20 new new ADJ erjee-91 20 21 structures structure NOUN erjee-91 20 22 , , PUNCT erjee-91 20 23 and and CCONJ erjee-91 20 24 these these DET erjee-91 20 25 set set NOUN erjee-91 20 26 of of ADP erjee-91 20 27 instructions instruction NOUN erjee-91 20 28 are be AUX erjee-91 20 29 predominantly predominantly ADV erjee-91 20 30 used use VERB erjee-91 20 31 in in ADP erjee-91 20 32 all all DET erjee-91 20 33 the the DET erjee-91 20 34 language language NOUN erjee-91 20 35 textbooks textbook NOUN erjee-91 20 36 and and CCONJ erjee-91 20 37 classrooms classroom NOUN erjee-91 20 38 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 20 39 aski aski ADJ erjee-91 20 40 , , PUNCT erjee-91 20 41 2003 2003 NUM erjee-91 20 42 ; ; PUNCT erjee-91 20 43 wong wong PROPN erjee-91 20 44 & & CCONJ erjee-91 20 45 vanpatten vanpatten VERB erjee-91 20 46 , , PUNCT erjee-91 20 47 2003 2003 NUM erjee-91 20 48 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 20 49 , , PUNCT erjee-91 20 50 even even ADV erjee-91 20 51 though though SCONJ erjee-91 20 52 in in ADP erjee-91 20 53 these these DET erjee-91 20 54 traditional traditional ADJ erjee-91 20 55 approaches approach NOUN erjee-91 20 56 , , PUNCT erjee-91 20 57 faezeh faezeh ADP erjee-91 20 58 nemati nemati PROPN erjee-91 20 59 & & CCONJ erjee-91 20 60 hamid hamid PROPN erjee-91 20 61 ashraf ashraf PROPN erjee-91 20 62 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 20 63 : : PUNCT erjee-91 20 64 a a DET erjee-91 20 65 factor factor NOUN erjee-91 20 66 to to PART erjee-91 20 67 improve improve VERB erjee-91 20 68 iranian iranian ADJ erjee-91 20 69 pre pre ADJ erjee-91 20 70 - - ADJ erjee-91 20 71 intermediate intermediate ADJ erjee-91 20 72 efl efl PROPN erjee-91 20 73 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 20 74 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 20 75 structural structural ADJ erjee-91 20 76 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 20 77 50 50 NUM erjee-91 20 78 of of ADP erjee-91 20 79 those those DET erjee-91 20 80 language language NOUN erjee-91 20 81 users user NOUN erjee-91 20 82 who who PRON erjee-91 20 83 apply apply VERB erjee-91 20 84 “ " PUNCT erjee-91 20 85 non non ADJ erjee-91 20 86 - - ADJ erjee-91 20 87 standard standard ADJ erjee-91 20 88 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 20 89 grammatical grammatical ADJ erjee-91 20 90 forms form NOUN erjee-91 20 91 in in ADP erjee-91 20 92 their their PRON erjee-91 20 93 communicative communicative ADJ erjee-91 20 94 interactions interaction NOUN erjee-91 20 95 . . PUNCT erjee-91 21 1 williams williams PROPN erjee-91 21 2 and and CCONJ erjee-91 21 3 evans evans PROPN erjee-91 21 4 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 21 5 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 21 6 : : PUNCT erjee-91 21 7 139 139 NUM erjee-91 21 8 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 21 9 present present VERB erjee-91 21 10 a a DET erjee-91 21 11 definition definition NOUN erjee-91 21 12 of of ADP erjee-91 21 13 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 21 14 on on ADP erjee-91 21 15 form form NOUN erjee-91 21 16 as as ADP erjee-91 21 17 “ " PUNCT erjee-91 21 18 … … PUNCT erjee-91 21 19 instruction instruction NOUN erjee-91 21 20 that that PRON erjee-91 21 21 draws draw VERB erjee-91 21 22 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 21 23 ’ ’ PART erjee-91 21 24 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 21 25 to to PART erjee-91 21 26 form form VERB erjee-91 21 27 in in ADP erjee-91 21 28 the the DET erjee-91 21 29 context context NOUN erjee-91 21 30 of of ADP erjee-91 21 31 meaningful meaningful ADJ erjee-91 21 32 communication communication NOUN erjee-91 21 33 … … PUNCT erjee-91 21 34 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 21 35 . . PUNCT erjee-91 22 1 lee lee PROPN erjee-91 22 2 and and CCONJ erjee-91 22 3 valdman valdman PROPN erjee-91 22 4 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 22 5 2000 2000 NUM erjee-91 22 6 : : PUNCT erjee-91 22 7 12 12 NUM erjee-91 22 8 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 22 9 believe believe VERB erjee-91 22 10 that that SCONJ erjee-91 22 11 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 22 12 on on ADP erjee-91 22 13 form form NOUN erjee-91 22 14 has have VERB erjee-91 22 15 “ " PUNCT erjee-91 22 16 … … PUNCT erjee-91 22 17 the the DET erjee-91 22 18 goal goal NOUN erjee-91 22 19 of of ADP erjee-91 22 20 accurate accurate ADJ erjee-91 22 21 as as ADV erjee-91 22 22 well well ADV erjee-91 22 23 as as ADP erjee-91 22 24 meaningful meaningful ADJ erjee-91 22 25 learner learner NOUN erjee-91 22 26 production production NOUN erjee-91 22 27 … … PUNCT erjee-91 22 28 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 22 29 . . PUNCT erjee-91 23 1 while while SCONJ erjee-91 23 2 some some DET erjee-91 23 3 people people NOUN erjee-91 23 4 believe believe VERB erjee-91 23 5 that that SCONJ erjee-91 23 6 focusing focus VERB erjee-91 23 7 on on ADP erjee-91 23 8 form form NOUN erjee-91 23 9 is be AUX erjee-91 23 10 in in ADP erjee-91 23 11 fact fact NOUN erjee-91 23 12 a a DET erjee-91 23 13 return return NOUN erjee-91 23 14 to to ADP erjee-91 23 15 traditional traditional ADJ erjee-91 23 16 grammar grammar NOUN erjee-91 23 17 teaching teaching NOUN erjee-91 23 18 methods method NOUN erjee-91 23 19 , , PUNCT erjee-91 23 20 sanz sanz PROPN erjee-91 23 21 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 23 22 2000 2000 NUM erjee-91 23 23 : : PUNCT erjee-91 23 24 17 17 NUM erjee-91 23 25 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 23 26 argues argue VERB erjee-91 23 27 that that SCONJ erjee-91 23 28 : : PUNCT erjee-91 23 29 focus focus VERB erjee-91 23 30 on on ADP erjee-91 23 31 form form NOUN erjee-91 23 32 does do AUX erjee-91 23 33 not not PART erjee-91 23 34 mean mean VERB erjee-91 23 35 we we PRON erjee-91 23 36 are be AUX erjee-91 23 37 going go VERB erjee-91 23 38 back back ADV erjee-91 23 39 to to ADP erjee-91 23 40 the the DET erjee-91 23 41 drill drill NOUN erjee-91 23 42 and and CCONJ erjee-91 23 43 kill kill VERB erjee-91 23 44 classroom classroom NOUN erjee-91 23 45 because because SCONJ erjee-91 23 46 focus focus VERB erjee-91 23 47 on on ADP erjee-91 23 48 form form NOUN erjee-91 23 49 does do AUX erjee-91 23 50 not not PART erjee-91 23 51 imply imply VERB erjee-91 23 52 constant constant ADJ erjee-91 23 53 , , PUNCT erjee-91 23 54 indiscriminate indiscriminate ADJ erjee-91 23 55 grammar grammar NOUN erjee-91 23 56 explanation explanation NOUN erjee-91 23 57 and and CCONJ erjee-91 23 58 practice practice NOUN erjee-91 23 59 . . PUNCT erjee-91 24 1 focus focus VERB erjee-91 24 2 on on ADP erjee-91 24 3 form form NOUN erjee-91 24 4 means mean VERB erjee-91 24 5 precisely precisely ADV erjee-91 24 6 the the DET erjee-91 24 7 opposite opposite NOUN erjee-91 24 8 : : PUNCT erjee-91 24 9 setting set VERB erjee-91 24 10 limits limit NOUN erjee-91 24 11 on on ADP erjee-91 24 12 what what PRON erjee-91 24 13 is be AUX erjee-91 24 14 explicitly explicitly ADV erjee-91 24 15 taught teach VERB erjee-91 24 16 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 24 17 . . PUNCT erjee-91 25 1 consciousness consciousness NOUN erjee-91 25 2 - - PUNCT erjee-91 25 3 raising raise VERB erjee-91 25 4 and and CCONJ erjee-91 25 5 input input NOUN erjee-91 25 6 enhancement enhancement NOUN erjee-91 25 7 as as ADP erjee-91 25 8 scientific scientific ADJ erjee-91 25 9 definitions definition NOUN erjee-91 25 10 of of ADP erjee-91 25 11 the the DET erjee-91 25 12 process process NOUN erjee-91 25 13 of of ADP erjee-91 25 14 attracting attract VERB erjee-91 25 15 students student NOUN erjee-91 25 16 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 25 17 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 25 18 , , PUNCT erjee-91 25 19 alongside alongside ADV erjee-91 25 20 with with ADP erjee-91 25 21 concepts concept NOUN erjee-91 25 22 such such ADJ erjee-91 25 23 as as ADP erjee-91 25 24 awareness awareness NOUN erjee-91 25 25 , , PUNCT erjee-91 25 26 detection detection NOUN erjee-91 25 27 , , PUNCT erjee-91 25 28 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 25 29 , , PUNCT erjee-91 25 30 consciousness consciousness NOUN erjee-91 25 31 , , PUNCT erjee-91 25 32 and and CCONJ erjee-91 25 33 noticing noticing NOUN erjee-91 25 34 are be AUX erjee-91 25 35 among among ADP erjee-91 25 36 research research NOUN erjee-91 25 37 topics topic NOUN erjee-91 25 38 in in ADP erjee-91 25 39 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 25 40 on on ADP erjee-91 25 41 form form NOUN erjee-91 25 42 studies study NOUN erjee-91 25 43 . . PUNCT erjee-91 26 1 doughty doughty PROPN erjee-91 26 2 and and CCONJ erjee-91 26 3 williams williams PROPN erjee-91 26 4 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 26 5 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 26 6 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 26 7 claim claim VERB erjee-91 26 8 that that SCONJ erjee-91 26 9 deep deep ADJ erjee-91 26 10 involvement involvement NOUN erjee-91 26 11 and and CCONJ erjee-91 26 12 interactions interaction NOUN erjee-91 26 13 are be AUX erjee-91 26 14 essential essential ADJ erjee-91 26 15 in in ADP erjee-91 26 16 learning learn VERB erjee-91 26 17 processes process NOUN erjee-91 26 18 such such ADJ erjee-91 26 19 as as ADP erjee-91 26 20 carefully carefully ADV erjee-91 26 21 observing observe VERB erjee-91 26 22 a a DET erjee-91 26 23 form form NOUN erjee-91 26 24 in in ADP erjee-91 26 25 the the DET erjee-91 26 26 input input NOUN erjee-91 26 27 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 26 28 p. p. NOUN erjee-91 26 29 253 253 NUM erjee-91 26 30 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 26 31 . . PUNCT erjee-91 27 1 schmidt schmidt PROPN erjee-91 27 2 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 27 3 1990 1990 NUM erjee-91 27 4 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 27 5 , , PUNCT erjee-91 27 6 in in ADP erjee-91 27 7 his his PRON erjee-91 27 8 “ " PUNCT erjee-91 27 9 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 27 10 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 27 11 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN erjee-91 27 12 , , PUNCT erjee-91 27 13 believes believe VERB erjee-91 27 14 that that SCONJ erjee-91 27 15 for for ADP erjee-91 27 16 realization realization NOUN erjee-91 27 17 of of ADP erjee-91 27 18 a a DET erjee-91 27 19 target target NOUN erjee-91 27 20 form form NOUN erjee-91 27 21 in in ADP erjee-91 27 22 l2 l2 NOUN erjee-91 27 23 , , PUNCT erjee-91 27 24 first first ADV erjee-91 27 25 the the DET erjee-91 27 26 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 27 27 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 27 28 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 27 29 must must AUX erjee-91 27 30 be be AUX erjee-91 27 31 drawn draw VERB erjee-91 27 32 to to ADP erjee-91 27 33 it it PRON erjee-91 27 34 . . PUNCT erjee-91 28 1 tomlin tomlin PROPN erjee-91 28 2 and and CCONJ erjee-91 28 3 villa villa PROPN erjee-91 28 4 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 28 5 1994 1994 NUM erjee-91 28 6 : : PUNCT erjee-91 28 7 190 190 NUM erjee-91 28 8 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 28 9 argue argue VERB erjee-91 28 10 that that SCONJ erjee-91 28 11 “ " PUNCT erjee-91 28 12 having have VERB erjee-91 28 13 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 28 14 oriented orient VERB erjee-91 28 15 toward toward ADP erjee-91 28 16 some some DET erjee-91 28 17 aspects aspect NOUN erjee-91 28 18 of of ADP erjee-91 28 19 language language NOUN erjee-91 28 20 increases increase VERB erjee-91 28 21 the the DET erjee-91 28 22 likelihood likelihood NOUN erjee-91 28 23 of of ADP erjee-91 28 24 , , PUNCT erjee-91 28 25 but but CCONJ erjee-91 28 26 does do AUX erjee-91 28 27 not not PART erjee-91 28 28 guarantee guarantee VERB erjee-91 28 29 the the DET erjee-91 28 30 activation activation NOUN erjee-91 28 31 of of ADP erjee-91 28 32 detection detection NOUN erjee-91 28 33 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 28 34 . . PUNCT erjee-91 29 1 in in ADP erjee-91 29 2 this this DET erjee-91 29 3 statement statement NOUN erjee-91 29 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 29 5 “ " PUNCT erjee-91 29 6 detection detection NOUN erjee-91 29 7 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 29 8 is be AUX erjee-91 29 9 applied apply VERB erjee-91 29 10 synonymous synonymous ADJ erjee-91 29 11 to to ADP erjee-91 29 12 “ " PUNCT erjee-91 29 13 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 29 14 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 29 15 . . PUNCT erjee-91 30 1 smith smith NOUN erjee-91 30 2 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 30 3 1991 1991 NUM erjee-91 30 4 : : PUNCT erjee-91 30 5 121 121 NUM erjee-91 30 6 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 30 7 presents present VERB erjee-91 30 8 a a DET erjee-91 30 9 similar similar ADJ erjee-91 30 10 point point NOUN erjee-91 30 11 of of ADP erjee-91 30 12 view view NOUN erjee-91 30 13 . . PUNCT erjee-91 31 1 he he PRON erjee-91 31 2 claims claim VERB erjee-91 31 3 that that SCONJ erjee-91 31 4 focus focus VERB erjee-91 31 5 on on ADP erjee-91 31 6 form form NOUN erjee-91 31 7 , , PUNCT erjee-91 31 8 instead instead ADV erjee-91 31 9 of of ADP erjee-91 31 10 a a DET erjee-91 31 11 linguistic linguistic ADJ erjee-91 31 12 side side NOUN erjee-91 31 13 , , PUNCT erjee-91 31 14 might might AUX erjee-91 31 15 have have VERB erjee-91 31 16 a a DET erjee-91 31 17 perceptual perceptual ADJ erjee-91 31 18 aspect aspect NOUN erjee-91 31 19 and and CCONJ erjee-91 31 20 continues continue VERB erjee-91 31 21 : : PUNCT erjee-91 31 22 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 31 23 although although SCONJ erjee-91 31 24 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 31 25 may may AUX erjee-91 31 26 notice notice VERB erjee-91 31 27 the the DET erjee-91 31 28 signals signal NOUN erjee-91 31 29 , , PUNCT erjee-91 31 30 the the DET erjee-91 31 31 input input NOUN erjee-91 31 32 may may AUX erjee-91 31 33 nevertheless nevertheless ADV erjee-91 31 34 be be AUX erjee-91 31 35 no no DET erjee-91 31 36 salient salient NOUN erjee-91 31 37 to to ADP erjee-91 31 38 their their PRON erjee-91 31 39 learning learn VERB erjee-91 31 40 mechanisms mechanism NOUN erjee-91 31 41 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 31 42 . . PUNCT erjee-91 32 1 backman backman NOUN erjee-91 32 2 and and CCONJ erjee-91 32 3 palmer palmer PROPN erjee-91 32 4 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 32 5 1996 1996 NUM erjee-91 32 6 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 32 7 argue argue VERB erjee-91 32 8 that that SCONJ erjee-91 32 9 the the DET erjee-91 32 10 required required ADJ erjee-91 32 11 level level NOUN erjee-91 32 12 of of ADP erjee-91 32 13 interpretation interpretation NOUN erjee-91 32 14 is be AUX erjee-91 32 15 to to ADP erjee-91 32 16 a a DET erjee-91 32 17 large large ADJ erjee-91 32 18 extent extent NOUN erjee-91 32 19 affected affect VERB erjee-91 32 20 by by ADP erjee-91 32 21 the the DET erjee-91 32 22 amount amount NOUN erjee-91 32 23 of of ADP erjee-91 32 24 input input NOUN erjee-91 32 25 . . PUNCT erjee-91 33 1 limited limited ADJ erjee-91 33 2 interpretation interpretation NOUN erjee-91 33 3 is be AUX erjee-91 33 4 recommended recommend VERB erjee-91 33 5 for for ADP erjee-91 33 6 inputs input NOUN erjee-91 33 7 presented present VERB erjee-91 33 8 in in ADP erjee-91 33 9 limited limited ADJ erjee-91 33 10 quantities quantity NOUN erjee-91 33 11 , , PUNCT erjee-91 33 12 while while SCONJ erjee-91 33 13 a a DET erjee-91 33 14 more more ADV erjee-91 33 15 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ erjee-91 33 16 interpretation interpretation NOUN erjee-91 33 17 is be AUX erjee-91 33 18 advised advise VERB erjee-91 33 19 for for ADP erjee-91 33 20 large large ADJ erjee-91 33 21 amounts amount NOUN erjee-91 33 22 of of ADP erjee-91 33 23 inputs input NOUN erjee-91 33 24 . . PUNCT erjee-91 34 1 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 34 2 on on ADP erjee-91 34 3 form form NOUN erjee-91 34 4 methodologies methodology NOUN erjee-91 34 5 implicitly implicitly ADV erjee-91 34 6 and and CCONJ erjee-91 34 7 explicitly explicitly ADV erjee-91 34 8 tries try VERB erjee-91 34 9 to to PART erjee-91 34 10 attract attract VERB erjee-91 34 11 students student NOUN erjee-91 34 12 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 34 13 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 34 14 . . PUNCT erjee-91 35 1 in in ADP erjee-91 35 2 implicit implicit ADJ erjee-91 35 3 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 35 4 on on ADP erjee-91 35 5 form form NOUN erjee-91 35 6 , , PUNCT erjee-91 35 7 “ " PUNCT erjee-91 35 8 the the DET erjee-91 35 9 aim aim NOUN erjee-91 35 10 is be AUX erjee-91 35 11 to to PART erjee-91 35 12 attract attract VERB erjee-91 35 13 learner learner NOUN erjee-91 35 14 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 35 15 and and CCONJ erjee-91 35 16 to to PART erjee-91 35 17 avoid avoid VERB erjee-91 35 18 metalinguistic metalinguistic ADJ erjee-91 35 19 discussion discussion NOUN erjee-91 35 20 , , PUNCT erjee-91 35 21 always always ADV erjee-91 35 22 minimizing minimize VERB erjee-91 35 23 any any DET erjee-91 35 24 interruption interruption NOUN erjee-91 35 25 to to ADP erjee-91 35 26 the the DET erjee-91 35 27 communication communication NOUN erjee-91 35 28 of of ADP erjee-91 35 29 meaning meaning NOUN erjee-91 35 30 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 35 31 whereas whereas SCONJ erjee-91 35 32 in in ADP erjee-91 35 33 explicit explicit ADJ erjee-91 35 34 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 35 35 on on ADP erjee-91 35 36 form form NOUN erjee-91 35 37 , , PUNCT erjee-91 35 38 “ " PUNCT erjee-91 35 39 the the DET erjee-91 35 40 aim aim NOUN erjee-91 35 41 is be AUX erjee-91 35 42 to to PART erjee-91 35 43 direct direct VERB erjee-91 35 44 learner learner NOUN erjee-91 35 45 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 35 46 and and CCONJ erjee-91 35 47 to to PART erjee-91 35 48 exploit exploit VERB erjee-91 35 49 pedagogical pedagogical ADJ erjee-91 35 50 grammar grammar NOUN erjee-91 35 51 in in ADP erjee-91 35 52 this this DET erjee-91 35 53 regard regard NOUN erjee-91 35 54 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 35 55 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 35 56 doughty doughty ADJ erjee-91 35 57 & & CCONJ erjee-91 35 58 williams williams PROPN erjee-91 35 59 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 35 60 : : PUNCT erjee-91 35 61 232 232 NUM erjee-91 35 62 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 35 63 . . PUNCT erjee-91 36 1 leow leow PROPN erjee-91 36 2 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 36 3 2000 2000 NUM erjee-91 36 4 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 36 5 as as SCONJ erjee-91 36 6 cited cite VERB erjee-91 36 7 in in ADP erjee-91 36 8 lee lee PROPN erjee-91 36 9 & & CCONJ erjee-91 36 10 valdman valdman PROPN erjee-91 36 11 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 36 12 2000 2000 NUM erjee-91 36 13 : : PUNCT erjee-91 36 14 xiv xiv PROPN erjee-91 36 15 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 36 16 claims claim VERB erjee-91 36 17 that that SCONJ erjee-91 36 18 “ " PUNCT erjee-91 36 19 a a DET erjee-91 36 20 considerable considerable ADJ erjee-91 36 21 amount amount NOUN erjee-91 36 22 of of ADP erjee-91 36 23 sla sla PROPN erjee-91 36 24 [ [ X erjee-91 36 25 second second ADJ erjee-91 36 26 language language NOUN erjee-91 36 27 acquisition acquisition NOUN erjee-91 36 28 ] ] PUNCT erjee-91 36 29 research research NOUN erjee-91 36 30 indicates indicate VERB erjee-91 36 31 that that SCONJ erjee-91 36 32 implicit implicit ADJ erjee-91 36 33 procedures procedure NOUN erjee-91 36 34 for for ADP erjee-91 36 35 awareness awareness NOUN erjee-91 36 36 enhancement enhancement NOUN erjee-91 36 37 , , PUNCT erjee-91 36 38 such such ADJ erjee-91 36 39 as as ADP erjee-91 36 40 input input NOUN erjee-91 36 41 flooding flooding NOUN erjee-91 36 42 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 36 43 providing provide VERB erjee-91 36 44 numerous numerous ADJ erjee-91 36 45 exemplars exemplar NOUN erjee-91 36 46 of of ADP erjee-91 36 47 the the DET erjee-91 36 48 feature feature NOUN erjee-91 36 49 in in ADP erjee-91 36 50 the the DET erjee-91 36 51 input input NOUN erjee-91 36 52 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 36 53 or or CCONJ erjee-91 36 54 writing write VERB erjee-91 36 55 enhancement enhancement NOUN erjee-91 36 56 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 36 57 highlighting highlight VERB erjee-91 36 58 the the DET erjee-91 36 59 targeted target VERB erjee-91 36 60 feature feature NOUN erjee-91 36 61 by by ADP erjee-91 36 62 various various ADJ erjee-91 36 63 typographical typographical ADJ erjee-91 36 64 devices device NOUN erjee-91 36 65 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 36 66 , , PUNCT erjee-91 36 67 prove prove VERB erjee-91 36 68 to to PART erjee-91 36 69 be be AUX erjee-91 36 70 less less ADV erjee-91 36 71 effective effective ADJ erjee-91 36 72 in in ADP erjee-91 36 73 accelerating accelerate VERB erjee-91 36 74 acquisition acquisition NOUN erjee-91 36 75 and and CCONJ erjee-91 36 76 advancing advance VERB erjee-91 36 77 language language NOUN erjee-91 36 78 development development NOUN erjee-91 36 79 than than ADP erjee-91 36 80 a a DET erjee-91 36 81 variety variety NOUN erjee-91 36 82 of of ADP erjee-91 36 83 types type NOUN erjee-91 36 84 of of ADP erjee-91 36 85 explicit explicit ADJ erjee-91 36 86 approaches approach NOUN erjee-91 36 87 … … PUNCT erjee-91 36 88 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 36 89 doughty doughty NOUN erjee-91 36 90 and and CCONJ erjee-91 36 91 williams williams PROPN erjee-91 36 92 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 36 93 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 36 94 : : PUNCT erjee-91 36 95 236 236 NUM erjee-91 36 96 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 36 97 possess possess VERB erjee-91 36 98 an an DET erjee-91 36 99 opposite opposite ADJ erjee-91 36 100 view view NOUN erjee-91 36 101 of of ADP erjee-91 36 102 this this PRON erjee-91 36 103 , , PUNCT erjee-91 36 104 and and CCONJ erjee-91 36 105 argue argue VERB erjee-91 36 106 that that SCONJ erjee-91 36 107 : : PUNCT erjee-91 36 108 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 36 109 … … PUNCT erjee-91 36 110 it it PRON erjee-91 36 111 is be AUX erjee-91 36 112 sometimes sometimes ADV erjee-91 36 113 possible possible ADJ erjee-91 36 114 to to PART erjee-91 36 115 aim aim VERB erjee-91 36 116 more more ADV erjee-91 36 117 or or CCONJ erjee-91 36 118 less less ADV erjee-91 36 119 implicitly implicitly ADV erjee-91 36 120 to to PART erjee-91 36 121 attract attract VERB erjee-91 36 122 the the DET erjee-91 36 123 learner learner NOUN erjee-91 36 124 ’s ’s PART erjee-91 36 125 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 36 126 to to ADP erjee-91 36 127 linguistic linguistic ADJ erjee-91 36 128 features feature NOUN erjee-91 36 129 and and CCONJ erjee-91 36 130 promote promote VERB erjee-91 36 131 the the DET erjee-91 36 132 processing processing NOUN erjee-91 36 133 of of ADP erjee-91 36 134 these these DET erjee-91 36 135 features feature NOUN erjee-91 36 136 without without ADP erjee-91 36 137 providing provide VERB erjee-91 36 138 any any DET erjee-91 36 139 sort sort NOUN erjee-91 36 140 of of ADP erjee-91 36 141 explicit explicit ADJ erjee-91 36 142 guidance guidance NOUN erjee-91 36 143 … … PUNCT erjee-91 36 144 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 36 145 in in ADP erjee-91 36 146 this this DET erjee-91 36 147 research research NOUN erjee-91 36 148 , , PUNCT erjee-91 36 149 one one NUM erjee-91 36 150 of of ADP erjee-91 36 151 the the DET erjee-91 36 152 techniques technique NOUN erjee-91 36 153 of of ADP erjee-91 36 154 focusing focus VERB erjee-91 36 155 on on ADP erjee-91 36 156 form form NOUN erjee-91 36 157 is be AUX erjee-91 36 158 studied study VERB erjee-91 36 159 , , PUNCT erjee-91 36 160 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 36 161 . . PUNCT erjee-91 37 1 this this DET erjee-91 37 2 study study NOUN erjee-91 37 3 presented present VERB erjee-91 37 4 students student NOUN erjee-91 37 5 with with ADP erjee-91 37 6 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 37 7 techniques technique NOUN erjee-91 37 8 via via ADP erjee-91 37 9 listening listen VERB erjee-91 37 10 exercises exercise NOUN erjee-91 37 11 in in ADP erjee-91 37 12 which which PRON erjee-91 37 13 students student NOUN erjee-91 37 14 were be AUX erjee-91 37 15 involved involve VERB erjee-91 37 16 in in ADP erjee-91 37 17 repeated repeat VERB erjee-91 37 18 oral oral ADJ erjee-91 37 19 51 51 NUM erjee-91 37 20 english english PROPN erjee-91 37 21 review review NOUN erjee-91 37 22 : : PUNCT erjee-91 37 23 journal journal NOUN erjee-91 37 24 of of ADP erjee-91 37 25 english english PROPN erjee-91 37 26 education education PROPN erjee-91 37 27 issn issn VERB erjee-91 37 28 2301 2301 NUM erjee-91 37 29 - - SYM erjee-91 37 30 7554 7554 NUM erjee-91 37 31 vol.2 vol.2 NOUN erjee-91 37 32 , , PUNCT erjee-91 37 33 issue issue NOUN erjee-91 37 34 1 1 NUM erjee-91 37 35 , , PUNCT erjee-91 37 36 december december PROPN erjee-91 37 37 2013 2013 NUM erjee-91 37 38 http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee NOUN erjee-91 38 1 processing processing NOUN erjee-91 38 2 of of ADP erjee-91 38 3 some some DET erjee-91 38 4 target target NOUN erjee-91 38 5 structures structure NOUN erjee-91 38 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 39 1 such such ADJ erjee-91 39 2 activities activity NOUN erjee-91 39 3 draw draw VERB erjee-91 39 4 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 39 5 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 39 6 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 39 7 to to ADP erjee-91 39 8 grammatical grammatical ADJ erjee-91 39 9 structures structure NOUN erjee-91 39 10 , , PUNCT erjee-91 39 11 and and CCONJ erjee-91 39 12 force force VERB erjee-91 39 13 them they PRON erjee-91 39 14 to to PART erjee-91 39 15 concentrate concentrate VERB erjee-91 39 16 on on ADP erjee-91 39 17 form form NOUN erjee-91 39 18 and and CCONJ erjee-91 39 19 meaning meaning NOUN erjee-91 39 20 at at ADP erjee-91 39 21 the the DET erjee-91 39 22 same same ADJ erjee-91 39 23 time time NOUN erjee-91 39 24 . . PUNCT erjee-91 40 1 method method NOUN erjee-91 40 2 to to PART erjee-91 40 3 accomplish accomplish VERB erjee-91 40 4 the the DET erjee-91 40 5 objectives objective NOUN erjee-91 40 6 of of ADP erjee-91 40 7 this this DET erjee-91 40 8 study study NOUN erjee-91 40 9 , , PUNCT erjee-91 40 10 homogeneity homogeneity NOUN erjee-91 40 11 test test NOUN erjee-91 40 12 was be AUX erjee-91 40 13 given give VERB erjee-91 40 14 to to ADP erjee-91 40 15 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 40 16 to to PART erjee-91 40 17 prepare prepare VERB erjee-91 40 18 the the DET erjee-91 40 19 necessary necessary ADJ erjee-91 40 20 condition condition NOUN erjee-91 40 21 therefore therefore ADV erjee-91 40 22 all all PRON erjee-91 40 23 of of ADP erjee-91 40 24 the the DET erjee-91 40 25 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 40 26 had have VERB erjee-91 40 27 the the DET erjee-91 40 28 lack lack NOUN erjee-91 40 29 of of ADP erjee-91 40 30 ability ability NOUN erjee-91 40 31 to to PART erjee-91 40 32 recognize recognize VERB erjee-91 40 33 the the DET erjee-91 40 34 target target NOUN erjee-91 40 35 structures structure NOUN erjee-91 40 36 in in ADP erjee-91 40 37 the the DET erjee-91 40 38 study study NOUN erjee-91 40 39 . . PUNCT erjee-91 41 1 124 124 NUM erjee-91 41 2 students student NOUN erjee-91 41 3 participated participate VERB erjee-91 41 4 in in ADP erjee-91 41 5 the the DET erjee-91 41 6 first first ADJ erjee-91 41 7 phase phase NOUN erjee-91 41 8 of of ADP erjee-91 41 9 this this DET erjee-91 41 10 study study NOUN erjee-91 41 11 but but CCONJ erjee-91 41 12 only only ADV erjee-91 41 13 44 44 NUM erjee-91 41 14 pre pre ADJ erjee-91 41 15 - - ADJ erjee-91 41 16 intermediate intermediate ADJ erjee-91 41 17 efl efl NOUN erjee-91 41 18 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 41 19 survived survive VERB erjee-91 41 20 after after ADP erjee-91 41 21 homogeneity homogeneity NOUN erjee-91 41 22 test test NOUN erjee-91 41 23 . . PUNCT erjee-91 42 1 there there PRON erjee-91 42 2 were be VERB erjee-91 42 3 two two NUM erjee-91 42 4 groups group NOUN erjee-91 42 5 of of ADP erjee-91 42 6 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 42 7 in in ADP erjee-91 42 8 the the DET erjee-91 42 9 study study NOUN erjee-91 42 10 , , PUNCT erjee-91 42 11 one one NUM erjee-91 42 12 group group NOUN erjee-91 42 13 as as ADP erjee-91 42 14 the the DET erjee-91 42 15 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 42 16 group group NOUN erjee-91 42 17 , , PUNCT erjee-91 42 18 and and CCONJ erjee-91 42 19 one one NUM erjee-91 42 20 group group NOUN erjee-91 42 21 as as ADP erjee-91 42 22 the the DET erjee-91 42 23 control control NOUN erjee-91 42 24 group group NOUN erjee-91 42 25 . . PUNCT erjee-91 43 1 the the DET erjee-91 43 2 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 43 3 were be AUX erjee-91 43 4 all all PRON erjee-91 43 5 selected select VERB erjee-91 43 6 from from ADP erjee-91 43 7 at at ADV erjee-91 43 8 least least ADV erjee-91 43 9 eight eight NUM erjee-91 43 10 english english ADJ erjee-91 43 11 classes class NOUN erjee-91 43 12 of of ADP erjee-91 43 13 english english PROPN erjee-91 43 14 institute institute PROPN erjee-91 43 15 located locate VERB erjee-91 43 16 in in ADP erjee-91 43 17 mashhad mashhad PROPN erjee-91 43 18 . . PUNCT erjee-91 44 1 their their PRON erjee-91 44 2 initial initial ADJ erjee-91 44 3 language language NOUN erjee-91 44 4 proficiency proficiency NOUN erjee-91 44 5 in in ADP erjee-91 44 6 english english PROPN erjee-91 44 7 was be AUX erjee-91 44 8 at at ADP erjee-91 44 9 the the DET erjee-91 44 10 pre pre ADJ erjee-91 44 11 - - ADJ erjee-91 44 12 intermediate intermediate ADJ erjee-91 44 13 level level NOUN erjee-91 44 14 . . PUNCT erjee-91 45 1 mixed mixed ADJ erjee-91 45 2 genders gender NOUN erjee-91 45 3 attended attend VERB erjee-91 45 4 this this DET erjee-91 45 5 study study NOUN erjee-91 45 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 46 1 their their PRON erjee-91 46 2 mother mother NOUN erjee-91 46 3 tongue tongue NOUN erjee-91 46 4 was be AUX erjee-91 46 5 farsi farsi ADJ erjee-91 46 6 and and CCONJ erjee-91 46 7 their their PRON erjee-91 46 8 average average ADJ erjee-91 46 9 age age NOUN erjee-91 46 10 of of ADP erjee-91 46 11 them they PRON erjee-91 46 12 was be AUX erjee-91 46 13 between between ADP erjee-91 46 14 15 15 NUM erjee-91 46 15 and and CCONJ erjee-91 46 16 16 16 NUM erjee-91 46 17 . . PUNCT erjee-91 47 1 to to PART erjee-91 47 2 collect collect VERB erjee-91 47 3 the the DET erjee-91 47 4 required require VERB erjee-91 47 5 data datum NOUN erjee-91 47 6 , , PUNCT erjee-91 47 7 some some DET erjee-91 47 8 instruments instrument NOUN erjee-91 47 9 were be AUX erjee-91 47 10 employed employ VERB erjee-91 47 11 in in ADP erjee-91 47 12 this this DET erjee-91 47 13 study study NOUN erjee-91 47 14 . . PUNCT erjee-91 48 1 first first ADV erjee-91 48 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 48 3 the the DET erjee-91 48 4 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 48 5 ’ ’ PART erjee-91 48 6 general general ADJ erjee-91 48 7 proficiency proficiency NOUN erjee-91 48 8 was be AUX erjee-91 48 9 assessed assess VERB erjee-91 48 10 by by ADP erjee-91 48 11 “ " PUNCT erjee-91 48 12 ket ket NOUN erjee-91 48 13 for for ADP erjee-91 48 14 school school NOUN erjee-91 48 15 ” " PUNCT erjee-91 48 16 to to PART erjee-91 48 17 ensure ensure VERB erjee-91 48 18 homogeneity homogeneity NOUN erjee-91 48 19 of of ADP erjee-91 48 20 the the DET erjee-91 48 21 groups group NOUN erjee-91 48 22 at at ADP erjee-91 48 23 the the DET erjee-91 48 24 beginning beginning NOUN erjee-91 48 25 of of ADP erjee-91 48 26 study study NOUN erjee-91 48 27 . . PUNCT erjee-91 49 1 the the DET erjee-91 49 2 ket ket NOUN erjee-91 49 3 is be AUX erjee-91 49 4 a a DET erjee-91 49 5 cambridge cambridge NOUN erjee-91 49 6 level level NOUN erjee-91 49 7 one one NUM erjee-91 49 8 examination examination NOUN erjee-91 49 9 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 49 10 council council PROPN erjee-91 49 11 of of ADP erjee-91 49 12 europe europe PROPN erjee-91 49 13 level level PROPN erjee-91 49 14 a2 a2 PROPN erjee-91 49 15 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 49 16 which which PRON erjee-91 49 17 consists consist VERB erjee-91 49 18 of of ADP erjee-91 49 19 four four NUM erjee-91 49 20 complete complete ADJ erjee-91 49 21 tests test NOUN erjee-91 49 22 , , PUNCT erjee-91 49 23 according accord VERB erjee-91 49 24 to to ADP erjee-91 49 25 the the DET erjee-91 49 26 new new ADJ erjee-91 49 27 test test NOUN erjee-91 49 28 format format NOUN erjee-91 49 29 implemented implement VERB erjee-91 49 30 since since SCONJ erjee-91 49 31 march march PROPN erjee-91 49 32 2004 2004 NUM erjee-91 49 33 . . PUNCT erjee-91 50 1 this this DET erjee-91 50 2 test test NOUN erjee-91 50 3 has have VERB erjee-91 50 4 three three NUM erjee-91 50 5 sections section NOUN erjee-91 50 6 including include VERB erjee-91 50 7 reading read VERB erjee-91 50 8 and and CCONJ erjee-91 50 9 writing writing NOUN erjee-91 50 10 section section NOUN erjee-91 50 11 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 50 12 9 9 NUM erjee-91 50 13 parts part NOUN erjee-91 50 14 , , PUNCT erjee-91 50 15 55 55 NUM erjee-91 50 16 items item NOUN erjee-91 50 17 , , PUNCT erjee-91 50 18 1hour 1hour NUM erjee-91 50 19 and and CCONJ erjee-91 50 20 10 10 NUM erjee-91 50 21 min min NOUN erjee-91 50 22 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 50 23 , , PUNCT erjee-91 50 24 listening listen VERB erjee-91 50 25 section section NOUN erjee-91 50 26 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 50 27 5parts 5parts NUM erjee-91 50 28 , , PUNCT erjee-91 50 29 15 15 NUM erjee-91 50 30 items,30 items,30 PROPN erjee-91 50 31 min min NOUN erjee-91 50 32 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 50 33 and and CCONJ erjee-91 50 34 speaking speak VERB erjee-91 50 35 section section NOUN erjee-91 50 36 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 50 37 2parts,8 2parts,8 NUM erjee-91 50 38 to to PART erjee-91 50 39 10 10 NUM erjee-91 50 40 min min NOUN erjee-91 50 41 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 50 42 . . PUNCT erjee-91 51 1 the the DET erjee-91 51 2 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 51 3 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 51 4 scores score NOUN erjee-91 51 5 were be AUX erjee-91 51 6 out out ADP erjee-91 51 7 of of ADP erjee-91 51 8 100.the 100.the NUM erjee-91 51 9 reliability reliability NOUN erjee-91 51 10 of of ADP erjee-91 51 11 test test NOUN erjee-91 51 12 was be AUX erjee-91 51 13 assured assure VERB erjee-91 51 14 by by ADP erjee-91 51 15 administering administer VERB erjee-91 51 16 it it PRON erjee-91 51 17 to to ADP erjee-91 51 18 a a DET erjee-91 51 19 group group NOUN erjee-91 51 20 of of ADP erjee-91 51 21 similar similar ADJ erjee-91 51 22 subjects subject NOUN erjee-91 51 23 . . PUNCT erjee-91 52 1 the the DET erjee-91 52 2 other other ADJ erjee-91 52 3 criteria criterion NOUN erjee-91 52 4 used use VERB erjee-91 52 5 in in ADP erjee-91 52 6 this this DET erjee-91 52 7 study study NOUN erjee-91 52 8 were be AUX erjee-91 52 9 two two NUM erjee-91 52 10 structured structured ADJ erjee-91 52 11 interviews interview NOUN erjee-91 52 12 in in ADP erjee-91 52 13 order order NOUN erjee-91 52 14 to to PART erjee-91 52 15 elicit elicit VERB erjee-91 52 16 the the DET erjee-91 52 17 required require VERB erjee-91 52 18 structure structure NOUN erjee-91 52 19 from from ADP erjee-91 52 20 the the DET erjee-91 52 21 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 52 22 , , PUNCT erjee-91 52 23 during during ADP erjee-91 52 24 the the DET erjee-91 52 25 pre pre NOUN erjee-91 52 26 - - NOUN erjee-91 52 27 test test NOUN erjee-91 52 28 and and CCONJ erjee-91 52 29 post post ADJ erjee-91 52 30 - - ADJ erjee-91 52 31 test test ADJ erjee-91 52 32 period period NOUN erjee-91 52 33 . . PUNCT erjee-91 53 1 each each DET erjee-91 53 2 interview interview NOUN erjee-91 53 3 took take VERB erjee-91 53 4 at at ADV erjee-91 53 5 least least ADV erjee-91 53 6 10 10 NUM erjee-91 53 7 minutes minute NOUN erjee-91 53 8 and and CCONJ erjee-91 53 9 it it PRON erjee-91 53 10 included include VERB erjee-91 53 11 5 5 NUM erjee-91 53 12 topics topic NOUN erjee-91 53 13 based base VERB erjee-91 53 14 on on ADP erjee-91 53 15 the the DET erjee-91 53 16 grammatical grammatical ADJ erjee-91 53 17 context context NOUN erjee-91 53 18 of of ADP erjee-91 53 19 the the DET erjee-91 53 20 methods method NOUN erjee-91 53 21 used use VERB erjee-91 53 22 . . PUNCT erjee-91 54 1 the the DET erjee-91 54 2 rating rating NOUN erjee-91 54 3 criteria criterion NOUN erjee-91 54 4 was be AUX erjee-91 54 5 based base VERB erjee-91 54 6 on on ADP erjee-91 54 7 the the DET erjee-91 54 8 result result NOUN erjee-91 54 9 of of ADP erjee-91 54 10 heaton heaton PROPN erjee-91 54 11 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 54 12 writing write VERB erjee-91 54 13 english english ADJ erjee-91 54 14 language language NOUN erjee-91 54 15 tests test NOUN erjee-91 54 16 . . PUNCT erjee-91 55 1 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 55 2 ratios ratio NOUN erjee-91 55 3 were be AUX erjee-91 55 4 calculated calculate VERB erjee-91 55 5 to to PART erjee-91 55 6 score score VERB erjee-91 55 7 the the DET erjee-91 55 8 interviews interview NOUN erjee-91 55 9 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 55 10 by by ADP erjee-91 55 11 two two NUM erjee-91 55 12 raters rater NOUN erjee-91 55 13 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 55 14 through through ADP erjee-91 55 15 dividing divide VERB erjee-91 55 16 the the DET erjee-91 55 17 correct correct ADJ erjee-91 55 18 uses use NOUN erjee-91 55 19 by by ADP erjee-91 55 20 the the DET erjee-91 55 21 sum sum NOUN erjee-91 55 22 of of ADP erjee-91 55 23 the the DET erjee-91 55 24 total total ADJ erjee-91 55 25 number number NOUN erjee-91 55 26 of of ADP erjee-91 55 27 incorrect incorrect ADJ erjee-91 55 28 and and CCONJ erjee-91 55 29 zero zero NUM erjee-91 55 30 uses use NOUN erjee-91 55 31 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 55 32 white white ADJ erjee-91 55 33 , , PUNCT erjee-91 55 34 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 55 35 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 55 36 . . PUNCT erjee-91 56 1 it it PRON erjee-91 56 2 should should AUX erjee-91 56 3 also also ADV erjee-91 56 4 be be AUX erjee-91 56 5 reminded remind VERB erjee-91 56 6 that that SCONJ erjee-91 56 7 the the DET erjee-91 56 8 pretest pret ADJ erjee-91 56 9 scores score NOUN erjee-91 56 10 were be AUX erjee-91 56 11 used use VERB erjee-91 56 12 to to PART erjee-91 56 13 match match VERB erjee-91 56 14 the the DET erjee-91 56 15 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 56 16 groups group NOUN erjee-91 56 17 and and CCONJ erjee-91 56 18 control control NOUN erjee-91 56 19 group group NOUN erjee-91 56 20 . . PUNCT erjee-91 57 1 this this DET erjee-91 57 2 study study NOUN erjee-91 57 3 required require VERB erjee-91 57 4 44 44 NUM erjee-91 57 5 homogeneous homogeneous ADJ erjee-91 57 6 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 57 7 who who PRON erjee-91 57 8 lacked lack VERB erjee-91 57 9 almost almost ADV erjee-91 57 10 any any PRON erjee-91 57 11 familiarity familiarity NOUN erjee-91 57 12 with with ADP erjee-91 57 13 the the DET erjee-91 57 14 structures structure NOUN erjee-91 57 15 . . PUNCT erjee-91 58 1 these these DET erjee-91 58 2 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 58 3 were be AUX erjee-91 58 4 pretested preteste VERB erjee-91 58 5 through through ADP erjee-91 58 6 a a DET erjee-91 58 7 structured structured ADJ erjee-91 58 8 interview interview NOUN erjee-91 58 9 , , PUNCT erjee-91 58 10 and and CCONJ erjee-91 58 11 then then ADV erjee-91 58 12 , , PUNCT erjee-91 58 13 on on ADP erjee-91 58 14 the the DET erjee-91 58 15 basis basis NOUN erjee-91 58 16 of of ADP erjee-91 58 17 their their PRON erjee-91 58 18 pretest pret ADJ erjee-91 58 19 scores score NOUN erjee-91 58 20 they they PRON erjee-91 58 21 were be AUX erjee-91 58 22 divided divide VERB erjee-91 58 23 into into ADP erjee-91 58 24 two two NUM erjee-91 58 25 similar similar ADJ erjee-91 58 26 groups group NOUN erjee-91 58 27 , , PUNCT erjee-91 58 28 one one NUM erjee-91 58 29 group group NOUN erjee-91 58 30 as as ADP erjee-91 58 31 the the DET erjee-91 58 32 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 58 33 group group NOUN erjee-91 58 34 , , PUNCT erjee-91 58 35 and and CCONJ erjee-91 58 36 one one NUM erjee-91 58 37 group group NOUN erjee-91 58 38 as as ADP erjee-91 58 39 the the DET erjee-91 58 40 control control NOUN erjee-91 58 41 group group NOUN erjee-91 58 42 . . PUNCT erjee-91 59 1 the the DET erjee-91 59 2 final final ADJ erjee-91 59 3 samples sample NOUN erjee-91 59 4 comprised comprise VERB erjee-91 59 5 at at ADP erjee-91 59 6 least least ADV erjee-91 59 7 6 6 NUM erjee-91 59 8 classes class NOUN erjee-91 59 9 in in ADP erjee-91 59 10 the the DET erjee-91 59 11 institute institute NOUN erjee-91 59 12 . . PUNCT erjee-91 60 1 it it PRON erjee-91 60 2 should should AUX erjee-91 60 3 be be AUX erjee-91 60 4 mentioned mention VERB erjee-91 60 5 that that SCONJ erjee-91 60 6 the the DET erjee-91 60 7 ratings rating NOUN erjee-91 60 8 of of ADP erjee-91 60 9 the the DET erjee-91 60 10 interviews interview NOUN erjee-91 60 11 in in ADP erjee-91 60 12 the the DET erjee-91 60 13 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 60 14 and and CCONJ erjee-91 60 15 posttest posttest ADJ erjee-91 60 16 were be AUX erjee-91 60 17 carried carry VERB erjee-91 60 18 out out ADP erjee-91 60 19 by by ADP erjee-91 60 20 two two NUM erjee-91 60 21 raters rater NOUN erjee-91 60 22 . . PUNCT erjee-91 61 1 the the DET erjee-91 61 2 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 61 3 coefficients coefficient NOUN erjee-91 61 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 61 5 calculated calculate VERB erjee-91 61 6 to to PART erjee-91 61 7 determine determine VERB erjee-91 61 8 inter inter ADJ erjee-91 61 9 - - ADJ erjee-91 61 10 rater rater ADJ erjee-91 61 11 reliability reliability NOUN erjee-91 61 12 for for ADP erjee-91 61 13 the the DET erjee-91 61 14 ratings rating NOUN erjee-91 61 15 of of ADP erjee-91 61 16 the the DET erjee-91 61 17 interviews interview NOUN erjee-91 61 18 , , PUNCT erjee-91 61 19 turned turn VERB erjee-91 61 20 out out ADP erjee-91 61 21 to to PART erjee-91 61 22 be be AUX erjee-91 61 23 acceptable acceptable ADJ erjee-91 61 24 . . PUNCT erjee-91 62 1 regarding regard VERB erjee-91 62 2 the the DET erjee-91 62 3 treatment treatment NOUN erjee-91 62 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 62 5 this this DET erjee-91 62 6 study study NOUN erjee-91 62 7 required require VERB erjee-91 62 8 the the DET erjee-91 62 9 teachers teacher NOUN erjee-91 62 10 to to PART erjee-91 62 11 provide provide VERB erjee-91 62 12 the the DET erjee-91 62 13 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 62 14 with with ADP erjee-91 62 15 a a DET erjee-91 62 16 kind kind NOUN erjee-91 62 17 of of ADP erjee-91 62 18 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 62 19 on on ADP erjee-91 62 20 form form NOUN erjee-91 62 21 technique technique NOUN erjee-91 62 22 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 62 23 noticing noticing NOUN erjee-91 62 24 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 62 25 that that PRON erjee-91 62 26 pushed push VERB erjee-91 62 27 the the DET erjee-91 62 28 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 62 29 to to PART erjee-91 62 30 use use VERB erjee-91 62 31 the the DET erjee-91 62 32 target target NOUN erjee-91 62 33 structures structure NOUN erjee-91 62 34 . . PUNCT erjee-91 63 1 twenty twenty NUM erjee-91 63 2 passages passage NOUN erjee-91 63 3 were be AUX erjee-91 63 4 developed develop VERB erjee-91 63 5 for for ADP erjee-91 63 6 target target NOUN erjee-91 63 7 structures structure NOUN erjee-91 63 8 to to PART erjee-91 63 9 be be AUX erjee-91 63 10 presented present VERB erjee-91 63 11 to to ADP erjee-91 63 12 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 63 13 through through ADP erjee-91 63 14 listening listen VERB erjee-91 63 15 , , PUNCT erjee-91 63 16 in in ADP erjee-91 63 17 twenty twenty NUM erjee-91 63 18 sessions session NOUN erjee-91 63 19 . . PUNCT erjee-91 64 1 each each DET erjee-91 64 2 session session NOUN erjee-91 64 3 lasted last VERB erjee-91 64 4 for for ADP erjee-91 64 5 about about ADV erjee-91 64 6 90 90 NUM erjee-91 64 7 minutes minute NOUN erjee-91 64 8 . . PUNCT erjee-91 65 1 three three NUM erjee-91 65 2 other other ADJ erjee-91 65 3 teachers teacher NOUN erjee-91 65 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 65 5 in in ADP erjee-91 65 6 addition addition NOUN erjee-91 65 7 to to ADP erjee-91 65 8 the the DET erjee-91 65 9 researcher researcher NOUN erjee-91 65 10 , , PUNCT erjee-91 65 11 were be AUX erjee-91 65 12 instructed instruct VERB erjee-91 65 13 to to PART erjee-91 65 14 present present VERB erjee-91 65 15 the the DET erjee-91 65 16 techniques technique NOUN erjee-91 65 17 and and CCONJ erjee-91 65 18 provided provide VERB erjee-91 65 19 the the DET erjee-91 65 20 necessary necessary ADJ erjee-91 65 21 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 65 22 on on ADP erjee-91 65 23 form form NOUN erjee-91 65 24 in in ADP erjee-91 65 25 the the DET erjee-91 65 26 classes class NOUN erjee-91 65 27 in in ADP erjee-91 65 28 which which PRON erjee-91 65 29 the the DET erjee-91 65 30 required required ADJ erjee-91 65 31 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 65 32 were be AUX erjee-91 65 33 available available ADJ erjee-91 65 34 . . PUNCT erjee-91 66 1 in in ADP erjee-91 66 2 the the DET erjee-91 66 3 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 66 4 group group NOUN erjee-91 66 5 , , PUNCT erjee-91 66 6 the the DET erjee-91 66 7 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 66 8 faezeh faezeh VERB erjee-91 66 9 nemati nemati PROPN erjee-91 66 10 & & CCONJ erjee-91 66 11 hamid hamid PROPN erjee-91 66 12 ashraf ashraf PROPN erjee-91 66 13 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 66 14 : : PUNCT erjee-91 66 15 a a DET erjee-91 66 16 factor factor NOUN erjee-91 66 17 to to PART erjee-91 66 18 improve improve VERB erjee-91 66 19 iranian iranian ADJ erjee-91 66 20 pre pre ADJ erjee-91 66 21 - - ADJ erjee-91 66 22 intermediate intermediate ADJ erjee-91 66 23 efl efl PROPN erjee-91 66 24 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 66 25 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 66 26 structural structural ADJ erjee-91 66 27 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 66 28 52 52 NUM erjee-91 66 29 were be AUX erjee-91 66 30 provided provide VERB erjee-91 66 31 with with ADP erjee-91 66 32 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 66 33 through through ADP erjee-91 66 34 listening listen VERB erjee-91 66 35 to to ADP erjee-91 66 36 the the DET erjee-91 66 37 passages passage NOUN erjee-91 66 38 . . PUNCT erjee-91 67 1 regarding regard VERB erjee-91 67 2 the the DET erjee-91 67 3 control control NOUN erjee-91 67 4 group group NOUN erjee-91 67 5 , , PUNCT erjee-91 67 6 everything everything PRON erjee-91 67 7 was be AUX erjee-91 67 8 similar similar ADJ erjee-91 67 9 to to ADP erjee-91 67 10 that that PRON erjee-91 67 11 of of ADP erjee-91 67 12 the the DET erjee-91 67 13 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 67 14 group group NOUN erjee-91 67 15 , , PUNCT erjee-91 67 16 except except SCONJ erjee-91 67 17 that that SCONJ erjee-91 67 18 they they PRON erjee-91 67 19 did do AUX erjee-91 67 20 n’t not PART erjee-91 67 21 receive receive VERB erjee-91 67 22 any any DET erjee-91 67 23 techniques technique NOUN erjee-91 67 24 of of ADP erjee-91 67 25 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 67 26 on on ADP erjee-91 67 27 form form NOUN erjee-91 67 28 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 67 29 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 67 30 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 67 31 . . PUNCT erjee-91 68 1 the the DET erjee-91 68 2 members member NOUN erjee-91 68 3 of of ADP erjee-91 68 4 the the DET erjee-91 68 5 control control NOUN erjee-91 68 6 group group NOUN erjee-91 68 7 were be AUX erjee-91 68 8 only only ADV erjee-91 68 9 provided provide VERB erjee-91 68 10 with with ADP erjee-91 68 11 listening listen VERB erjee-91 68 12 to to ADP erjee-91 68 13 the the DET erjee-91 68 14 passages passage NOUN erjee-91 68 15 . . PUNCT erjee-91 69 1 for for ADP erjee-91 69 2 the the DET erjee-91 69 3 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 69 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 69 5 which which PRON erjee-91 69 6 was be AUX erjee-91 69 7 about about ADV erjee-91 69 8 40 40 NUM erjee-91 69 9 days day NOUN erjee-91 69 10 after after ADP erjee-91 69 11 the the DET erjee-91 69 12 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 69 13 , , PUNCT erjee-91 69 14 the the DET erjee-91 69 15 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 69 16 took take VERB erjee-91 69 17 the the DET erjee-91 69 18 posttest posttest NOUN erjee-91 69 19 through through ADP erjee-91 69 20 the the DET erjee-91 69 21 same same ADJ erjee-91 69 22 structured structured ADJ erjee-91 69 23 interview interview NOUN erjee-91 69 24 , , PUNCT erjee-91 69 25 which which PRON erjee-91 69 26 was be AUX erjee-91 69 27 again again ADV erjee-91 69 28 doublerated doublerate VERB erjee-91 69 29 . . PUNCT erjee-91 70 1 it it PRON erjee-91 70 2 should should AUX erjee-91 70 3 be be AUX erjee-91 70 4 pointed point VERB erjee-91 70 5 out out ADP erjee-91 70 6 that that SCONJ erjee-91 70 7 the the DET erjee-91 70 8 scores score NOUN erjee-91 70 9 used use VERB erjee-91 70 10 for for ADP erjee-91 70 11 data datum NOUN erjee-91 70 12 analyses analysis NOUN erjee-91 70 13 were be AUX erjee-91 70 14 resulted result VERB erjee-91 70 15 from from ADP erjee-91 70 16 getting get VERB erjee-91 70 17 the the DET erjee-91 70 18 average average NOUN erjee-91 70 19 of of ADP erjee-91 70 20 two two NUM erjee-91 70 21 scores score NOUN erjee-91 70 22 given give VERB erjee-91 70 23 by by ADP erjee-91 70 24 the the DET erjee-91 70 25 two two NUM erjee-91 70 26 raters rater NOUN erjee-91 70 27 , , PUNCT erjee-91 70 28 if if SCONJ erjee-91 70 29 the the DET erjee-91 70 30 scores score NOUN erjee-91 70 31 were be AUX erjee-91 70 32 ever ever ADV erjee-91 70 33 different different ADJ erjee-91 70 34 at at ADV erjee-91 70 35 all all ADV erjee-91 70 36 . . PUNCT erjee-91 71 1 results result NOUN erjee-91 71 2 and and CCONJ erjee-91 71 3 discussion discussion NOUN erjee-91 71 4 reliability reliability NOUN erjee-91 71 5 of of ADP erjee-91 71 6 key key ADJ erjee-91 71 7 english english ADJ erjee-91 71 8 test test NOUN erjee-91 71 9 for for ADP erjee-91 71 10 school school NOUN erjee-91 71 11 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 71 12 ket ket NOUN erjee-91 71 13 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 71 14 before before ADP erjee-91 71 15 investigating investigate VERB erjee-91 71 16 the the DET erjee-91 71 17 results result NOUN erjee-91 71 18 of of ADP erjee-91 71 19 this this DET erjee-91 71 20 study study NOUN erjee-91 71 21 , , PUNCT erjee-91 71 22 the the DET erjee-91 71 23 researcher researcher NOUN erjee-91 71 24 considered consider VERB erjee-91 71 25 the the DET erjee-91 71 26 reliability reliability NOUN erjee-91 71 27 of of ADP erjee-91 71 28 key key ADJ erjee-91 71 29 english english ADJ erjee-91 71 30 test test NOUN erjee-91 71 31 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 71 32 ket ket NOUN erjee-91 71 33 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 71 34 with with ADP erjee-91 71 35 cronbach cronbach PROPN erjee-91 71 36 ’s ’s PART erjee-91 71 37 alpha alpha ADJ erjee-91 71 38 formula formula NOUN erjee-91 71 39 . . PUNCT erjee-91 72 1 the the DET erjee-91 72 2 researcher researcher NOUN erjee-91 72 3 did do VERB erjee-91 72 4 this this PRON erjee-91 72 5 to to PART erjee-91 72 6 make make VERB erjee-91 72 7 sure sure ADJ erjee-91 72 8 of of ADP erjee-91 72 9 reliability reliability NOUN erjee-91 72 10 of of ADP erjee-91 72 11 this this DET erjee-91 72 12 researcher researcher NOUN erjee-91 72 13 made make VERB erjee-91 72 14 test test NOUN erjee-91 72 15 . . PUNCT erjee-91 73 1 for for ADP erjee-91 73 2 this this DET erjee-91 73 3 purpose purpose NOUN erjee-91 73 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 73 5 a a DET erjee-91 73 6 group group NOUN erjee-91 73 7 of of ADP erjee-91 73 8 20 20 NUM erjee-91 73 9 pre pre ADJ erjee-91 73 10 - - ADJ erjee-91 73 11 intermediate intermediate ADJ erjee-91 73 12 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 73 13 who who PRON erjee-91 73 14 were be AUX erjee-91 73 15 similar similar ADJ erjee-91 73 16 to to ADP erjee-91 73 17 the the DET erjee-91 73 18 main main ADJ erjee-91 73 19 sample sample NOUN erjee-91 73 20 were be AUX erjee-91 73 21 given give VERB erjee-91 73 22 the the DET erjee-91 73 23 test test NOUN erjee-91 73 24 before before SCONJ erjee-91 73 25 it it PRON erjee-91 73 26 was be AUX erjee-91 73 27 administered administer VERB erjee-91 73 28 to to ADP erjee-91 73 29 the the DET erjee-91 73 30 main main ADJ erjee-91 73 31 participating participating NOUN erjee-91 73 32 in in ADP erjee-91 73 33 control control NOUN erjee-91 73 34 group group NOUN erjee-91 73 35 and and CCONJ erjee-91 73 36 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 73 37 group group NOUN erjee-91 73 38 . . PUNCT erjee-91 74 1 the the DET erjee-91 74 2 obtained obtain VERB erjee-91 74 3 result result NOUN erjee-91 74 4 for for ADP erjee-91 74 5 this this DET erjee-91 74 6 55 55 NUM erjee-91 74 7 items item NOUN erjee-91 74 8 test test NOUN erjee-91 74 9 is be AUX erjee-91 74 10 indicated indicate VERB erjee-91 74 11 in in ADP erjee-91 74 12 tables table NOUN erjee-91 74 13 1 1 NUM erjee-91 74 14 and and CCONJ erjee-91 74 15 2 2 NUM erjee-91 74 16 . . NOUN erjee-91 74 17 table table NOUN erjee-91 74 18 1 1 NUM erjee-91 74 19 case case NOUN erjee-91 74 20 processing processing NOUN erjee-91 74 21 summary summary NOUN erjee-91 74 22 n n PRON erjee-91 74 23 % % NOUN erjee-91 74 24 cases case NOUN erjee-91 74 25 valid valid ADJ erjee-91 74 26 20 20 NUM erjee-91 74 27 100.0 100.0 NUM erjee-91 74 28 excludeda excludeda ADJ erjee-91 74 29 0 0 NUM erjee-91 74 30 .0 .0 NUM erjee-91 74 31 total total NOUN erjee-91 74 32 20 20 NUM erjee-91 74 33 100.0 100.0 NUM erjee-91 74 34 a. a. NOUN erjee-91 74 35 list list NOUN erjee-91 74 36 wise wise ADJ erjee-91 74 37 deletion deletion NOUN erjee-91 74 38 based base VERB erjee-91 74 39 on on ADP erjee-91 74 40 all all DET erjee-91 74 41 variables variable NOUN erjee-91 74 42 in in ADP erjee-91 74 43 the the DET erjee-91 74 44 procedure procedure NOUN erjee-91 74 45 . . PUNCT erjee-91 75 1 table table NOUN erjee-91 75 2 2 2 NUM erjee-91 75 3 reliability reliability NOUN erjee-91 75 4 statistics statistic NOUN erjee-91 75 5 cronbach cronbach VERB erjee-91 75 6 ’s ’s PART erjee-91 75 7 alpha alpha NOUN erjee-91 75 8 n n PROPN erjee-91 75 9 of of ADP erjee-91 75 10 items item NOUN erjee-91 75 11 .912 .912 NUM erjee-91 75 12 55 55 NUM erjee-91 75 13 to to PART erjee-91 75 14 stimulate stimulate VERB erjee-91 75 15 the the DET erjee-91 75 16 reliability reliability NOUN erjee-91 75 17 , , PUNCT erjee-91 75 18 sample sample NOUN erjee-91 75 19 of of ADP erjee-91 75 20 20 20 NUM erjee-91 75 21 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 75 22 were be AUX erjee-91 75 23 selected select VERB erjee-91 75 24 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 75 25 table2 table2 NOUN erjee-91 75 26 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 75 27 . . PUNCT erjee-91 76 1 the the DET erjee-91 76 2 result result NOUN erjee-91 76 3 in in ADP erjee-91 76 4 table3 table3 PROPN erjee-91 76 5 shows show VERB erjee-91 76 6 that that SCONJ erjee-91 76 7 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 76 8 α α X erjee-91 76 9 = = NOUN erjee-91 76 10 .912 .912 NUM erjee-91 76 11 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 76 12 and and CCONJ erjee-91 76 13 it it PRON erjee-91 76 14 can can AUX erjee-91 76 15 be be AUX erjee-91 76 16 acceptable acceptable ADJ erjee-91 76 17 . . PUNCT erjee-91 77 1 since since SCONJ erjee-91 77 2 the the DET erjee-91 77 3 number number NOUN erjee-91 77 4 is be AUX erjee-91 77 5 large large ADJ erjee-91 77 6 enough enough ADV erjee-91 77 7 and and CCONJ erjee-91 77 8 it it PRON erjee-91 77 9 is be AUX erjee-91 77 10 close close ADJ erjee-91 77 11 to to ADP erjee-91 77 12 one one NUM erjee-91 77 13 , , PUNCT erjee-91 77 14 the the DET erjee-91 77 15 key key ADJ erjee-91 77 16 english english ADJ erjee-91 77 17 test test NOUN erjee-91 77 18 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 77 19 ket ket NOUN erjee-91 77 20 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 77 21 is be AUX erjee-91 77 22 reliable reliable ADJ erjee-91 77 23 . . PUNCT erjee-91 78 1 descriptive descriptive ADJ erjee-91 78 2 statistics statistic NOUN erjee-91 78 3 of of ADP erjee-91 78 4 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 78 5 and and CCONJ erjee-91 78 6 posttest posttest ADJ erjee-91 78 7 before before ADP erjee-91 78 8 analyzing analyze VERB erjee-91 78 9 the the DET erjee-91 78 10 results result NOUN erjee-91 78 11 on on ADP erjee-91 78 12 the the DET erjee-91 78 13 scores score NOUN erjee-91 78 14 of of ADP erjee-91 78 15 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 78 16 and and CCONJ erjee-91 78 17 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 78 18 , , PUNCT erjee-91 78 19 descriptive descriptive ADJ erjee-91 78 20 statistics statistic NOUN erjee-91 78 21 are be AUX erjee-91 78 22 presented present VERB erjee-91 78 23 in in ADP erjee-91 78 24 tables table NOUN erjee-91 78 25 3 3 NUM erjee-91 78 26 in in ADP erjee-91 78 27 order order NOUN erjee-91 78 28 to to PART erjee-91 78 29 summarize summarize VERB erjee-91 78 30 the the DET erjee-91 78 31 table table NOUN erjee-91 78 32 3 3 NUM erjee-91 78 33 oral oral ADJ erjee-91 78 34 production production NOUN erjee-91 78 35 score score NOUN erjee-91 78 36 at at ADP erjee-91 78 37 pretest pretest ADJ erjee-91 78 38 & & CCONJ erjee-91 78 39 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 78 40 control control NOUN erjee-91 78 41 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 78 42 at at ADP erjee-91 78 43 pretest pret ADJ erjee-91 78 44 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 78 45 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 78 46 at at ADP erjee-91 78 47 pretest pretest ADJ erjee-91 78 48 control control NOUN erjee-91 78 49 group group NOUN erjee-91 78 50 at at ADP erjee-91 78 51 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 78 52 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 78 53 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 78 54 at at ADP erjee-91 78 55 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 78 56 n n CCONJ erjee-91 78 57 valid valid ADJ erjee-91 78 58 22 22 NUM erjee-91 78 59 22 22 NUM erjee-91 78 60 22 22 NUM erjee-91 78 61 22 22 NUM erjee-91 78 62 missing miss VERB erjee-91 78 63 0 0 NUM erjee-91 78 64 0 0 NUM erjee-91 78 65 0 0 NUM erjee-91 78 66 0 0 NUM erjee-91 78 67 mean mean NOUN erjee-91 78 68 2.932 2.932 NUM erjee-91 78 69 2.864 2.864 NUM erjee-91 78 70 3.455 3.455 NUM erjee-91 78 71 4.341 4.341 NUM erjee-91 78 72 std std NOUN erjee-91 78 73 . . PUNCT erjee-91 78 74 error error NOUN erjee-91 78 75 of of ADP erjee-91 78 76 mean mean ADJ erjee-91 78 77 .1482 .1482 PUNCT erjee-91 79 1 .1148 .1148 NOUN erjee-91 79 2 .1504 .1504 PROPN erjee-91 80 1 .1411 .1411 PUNCT erjee-91 81 1 median median NOUN erjee-91 81 2 3.000 3.000 NUM erjee-91 81 3 3.000 3.000 NUM erjee-91 81 4 3.500 3.500 NUM erjee-91 81 5 4.500 4.500 NUM erjee-91 81 6 mode mode NOUN erjee-91 81 7 3.0 3.0 NUM erjee-91 81 8 3.0 3.0 NUM erjee-91 81 9 3.5 3.5 NUM erjee-91 81 10 4.0a 4.0a NUM erjee-91 82 1 std std NOUN erjee-91 82 2 . . PUNCT erjee-91 83 1 deviation deviation NOUN erjee-91 83 2 .6951 .6951 NOUN erjee-91 83 3 .5386 .5386 PROPN erjee-91 84 1 .7056 .7056 PROPN erjee-91 84 2 .6616 .6616 PROPN erjee-91 84 3 variance variance NOUN erjee-91 84 4 .483 .483 NUM erjee-91 84 5 .290 .290 NUM erjee-91 84 6 .498 .498 NUM erjee-91 84 7 .438 .438 NUM erjee-91 84 8 range range VERB erjee-91 84 9 2.5 2.5 NUM erjee-91 84 10 2.0 2.0 NUM erjee-91 84 11 2.5 2.5 NUM erjee-91 84 12 2.5 2.5 NUM erjee-91 84 13 minimum minimum NOUN erjee-91 84 14 2.0 2.0 NUM erjee-91 84 15 2.0 2.0 NUM erjee-91 84 16 2.5 2.5 NUM erjee-91 84 17 3.0 3.0 NUM erjee-91 84 18 maximum maximum NOUN erjee-91 84 19 4.5 4.5 NUM erjee-91 84 20 4.0 4.0 NUM erjee-91 84 21 5.0 5.0 NUM erjee-91 84 22 5.5 5.5 NUM erjee-91 84 23 sum sum NOUN erjee-91 84 24 64.5 64.5 NUM erjee-91 84 25 63.0 63.0 NUM erjee-91 84 26 76.0 76.0 NUM erjee-91 84 27 95.5 95.5 NUM erjee-91 84 28 53 53 NUM erjee-91 84 29 english english PROPN erjee-91 84 30 review review NOUN erjee-91 84 31 : : PUNCT erjee-91 84 32 journal journal NOUN erjee-91 84 33 of of ADP erjee-91 84 34 english english PROPN erjee-91 84 35 education education PROPN erjee-91 84 36 issn issn VERB erjee-91 84 37 2301 2301 NUM erjee-91 84 38 - - SYM erjee-91 84 39 7554 7554 NUM erjee-91 84 40 vol.2 vol.2 NOUN erjee-91 84 41 , , PUNCT erjee-91 84 42 issue issue NOUN erjee-91 84 43 1 1 NUM erjee-91 84 44 , , PUNCT erjee-91 84 45 december december PROPN erjee-91 84 46 2013 2013 NUM erjee-91 84 47 http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee NOUN erjee-91 84 48 available available ADJ erjee-91 84 49 data datum NOUN erjee-91 84 50 and and CCONJ erjee-91 84 51 describe describe VERB erjee-91 84 52 the the DET erjee-91 84 53 main main ADJ erjee-91 84 54 features feature NOUN erjee-91 84 55 of of ADP erjee-91 84 56 the the DET erjee-91 84 57 data datum NOUN erjee-91 84 58 . . PUNCT erjee-91 85 1 according accord VERB erjee-91 85 2 to to ADP erjee-91 85 3 table table NOUN erjee-91 85 4 3 3 NUM erjee-91 85 5 , , PUNCT erjee-91 85 6 it it PRON erjee-91 85 7 seems seem VERB erjee-91 85 8 that that SCONJ erjee-91 85 9 there there PRON erjee-91 85 10 is be VERB erjee-91 85 11 no no DET erjee-91 85 12 considerable considerable ADJ erjee-91 85 13 difference difference NOUN erjee-91 85 14 between between ADP erjee-91 85 15 the the DET erjee-91 85 16 means mean NOUN erjee-91 85 17 in in ADP erjee-91 85 18 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 85 19 due due ADP erjee-91 85 20 to to ADP erjee-91 85 21 the the DET erjee-91 85 22 closeness closeness NOUN erjee-91 85 23 of of ADP erjee-91 85 24 the the DET erjee-91 85 25 magnitudes magnitude NOUN erjee-91 85 26 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 85 27 mcontrol= mcontrol= NUM erjee-91 85 28 2.932 2.932 NUM erjee-91 85 29 ; ; PUNCT erjee-91 85 30 mexperimental= mexperimental= NUM erjee-91 85 31 2.864 2.864 NUM erjee-91 85 32 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 85 33 . . PUNCT erjee-91 86 1 moreover moreover ADV erjee-91 86 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 86 3 according accord VERB erjee-91 86 4 to to ADP erjee-91 86 5 the the DET erjee-91 86 6 amounts amount NOUN erjee-91 86 7 of of ADP erjee-91 86 8 their their PRON erjee-91 86 9 standard standard ADJ erjee-91 86 10 errors error NOUN erjee-91 86 11 , , PUNCT erjee-91 86 12 it it PRON erjee-91 86 13 can can AUX erjee-91 86 14 be be AUX erjee-91 86 15 concluded conclude VERB erjee-91 86 16 that that SCONJ erjee-91 86 17 the the DET erjee-91 86 18 distribution distribution NOUN erjee-91 86 19 of of ADP erjee-91 86 20 scores score NOUN erjee-91 86 21 is be AUX erjee-91 86 22 normal normal ADJ erjee-91 86 23 . . PUNCT erjee-91 87 1 the the DET erjee-91 87 2 mean mean ADJ erjee-91 87 3 score score NOUN erjee-91 87 4 of of ADP erjee-91 87 5 posttest posttest NOUN erjee-91 87 6 in in ADP erjee-91 87 7 control control NOUN erjee-91 87 8 group group NOUN erjee-91 87 9 is be AUX erjee-91 87 10 3.455 3.455 NUM erjee-91 87 11 and and CCONJ erjee-91 87 12 in in ADP erjee-91 87 13 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 87 14 group group NOUN erjee-91 87 15 in in ADP erjee-91 87 16 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 87 17 is be AUX erjee-91 87 18 4.341 4.341 NUM erjee-91 87 19 ; ; PUNCT erjee-91 87 20 it it PRON erjee-91 87 21 seems seem VERB erjee-91 87 22 that that SCONJ erjee-91 87 23 there there PRON erjee-91 87 24 are be VERB erjee-91 87 25 considerable considerable ADJ erjee-91 87 26 differences difference NOUN erjee-91 87 27 between between ADP erjee-91 87 28 the the DET erjee-91 87 29 mean mean ADJ erjee-91 87 30 scores score NOUN erjee-91 87 31 . . PUNCT erjee-91 88 1 tests test NOUN erjee-91 88 2 of of ADP erjee-91 88 3 normality normality NOUN erjee-91 88 4 of of ADP erjee-91 88 5 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 88 6 to to PART erjee-91 88 7 test test VERB erjee-91 88 8 the the DET erjee-91 88 9 normality normality NOUN erjee-91 88 10 of of ADP erjee-91 88 11 the the DET erjee-91 88 12 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 88 13 the the DET erjee-91 88 14 shapiro shapiro PROPN erjee-91 88 15 - - PUNCT erjee-91 88 16 wilk wilk NOUN erjee-91 88 17 was be AUX erjee-91 88 18 used use VERB erjee-91 88 19 . . PUNCT erjee-91 89 1 the the DET erjee-91 89 2 null null NOUN erjee-91 89 3 - - PUNCT erjee-91 89 4 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN erjee-91 89 5 of of ADP erjee-91 89 6 the the DET erjee-91 89 7 test test NOUN erjee-91 89 8 of of ADP erjee-91 89 9 normality normality NOUN erjee-91 89 10 is be AUX erjee-91 89 11 that that SCONJ erjee-91 89 12 the the DET erjee-91 89 13 distribution distribution NOUN erjee-91 89 14 of of ADP erjee-91 89 15 the the DET erjee-91 89 16 group group NOUN erjee-91 89 17 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 89 18 scores score NOUN erjee-91 89 19 is be AUX erjee-91 89 20 normal normal ADJ erjee-91 89 21 . . PUNCT erjee-91 90 1 therefore therefore ADV erjee-91 90 2 the the DET erjee-91 90 3 distribution distribution NOUN erjee-91 90 4 of of ADP erjee-91 90 5 the the DET erjee-91 90 6 scores score NOUN erjee-91 90 7 is be AUX erjee-91 90 8 not not PART erjee-91 90 9 normal normal ADJ erjee-91 90 10 if if SCONJ erjee-91 90 11 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 90 12 p p X erjee-91 90 13 < < X erjee-91 90 14 .05 .05 NUM erjee-91 90 15 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 90 16 . . PUNCT erjee-91 91 1 the the DET erjee-91 91 2 results result NOUN erjee-91 91 3 are be AUX erjee-91 91 4 depicted depict VERB erjee-91 91 5 in in ADP erjee-91 91 6 the the DET erjee-91 91 7 following follow VERB erjee-91 91 8 table table NOUN erjee-91 91 9 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 91 10 table table NOUN erjee-91 91 11 4 4 NUM erjee-91 91 12 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 91 13 . . PUNCT erjee-91 92 1 table table NOUN erjee-91 92 2 4 4 NUM erjee-91 92 3 test test NOUN erjee-91 92 4 of of ADP erjee-91 92 5 normality normality NOUN erjee-91 92 6 of of ADP erjee-91 92 7 the the DET erjee-91 92 8 pretest pret ADJ erjee-91 92 9 shapiro shapiro NOUN erjee-91 92 10 - - PUNCT erjee-91 92 11 wilk wilk NOUN erjee-91 92 12 statistic statistic PROPN erjee-91 92 13 df df PROPN erjee-91 92 14 sig sig PROPN erjee-91 92 15 . . PUNCT erjee-91 93 1 control control PROPN erjee-91 93 2 g. g. PROPN erjee-91 93 3 at at ADP erjee-91 93 4 pretest pret ADJ erjee-91 93 5 .916 .916 NUM erjee-91 93 6 21 21 NUM erjee-91 93 7 .112 .112 NUM erjee-91 93 8 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 93 9 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 93 10 at at ADP erjee-91 93 11 pretest pret ADJ erjee-91 93 12 .922 .922 NUM erjee-91 93 13 21 21 NUM erjee-91 93 14 .134 .134 NUM erjee-91 93 15 table table NOUN erjee-91 93 16 4 4 NUM erjee-91 93 17 manifests manifest NOUN erjee-91 93 18 the the DET erjee-91 93 19 results result NOUN erjee-91 93 20 of of ADP erjee-91 93 21 this this DET erjee-91 93 22 normality normality NOUN erjee-91 93 23 test test NOUN erjee-91 93 24 . . PUNCT erjee-91 94 1 two two NUM erjee-91 94 2 groups group NOUN erjee-91 94 3 are be AUX erjee-91 94 4 normally normally ADV erjee-91 94 5 distributed distribute VERB erjee-91 94 6 since since SCONJ erjee-91 94 7 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 94 8 p p X erjee-91 94 9 > > X erjee-91 94 10 .05 .05 NUM erjee-91 94 11 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 94 12 for for ADP erjee-91 94 13 all all PRON erjee-91 94 14 of of ADP erjee-91 94 15 them they PRON erjee-91 94 16 . . PUNCT erjee-91 95 1 post post VERB erjee-91 95 2 hoc hoc X erjee-91 95 3 tests test VERB erjee-91 95 4 the the DET erjee-91 95 5 following follow VERB erjee-91 95 6 table table NOUN erjee-91 95 7 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 95 8 5 5 NUM erjee-91 95 9 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 95 10 shows show VERB erjee-91 95 11 the the DET erjee-91 95 12 tukey tukey PROPN erjee-91 95 13 hsd hsd PROPN erjee-91 95 14 method method NOUN erjee-91 95 15 which which DET erjee-91 95 16 researcher researcher NOUN erjee-91 95 17 employed employ VERB erjee-91 95 18 to to PART erjee-91 95 19 ensure ensure VERB erjee-91 95 20 that that SCONJ erjee-91 95 21 the the DET erjee-91 95 22 two two NUM erjee-91 95 23 groups group NOUN erjee-91 95 24 are be AUX erjee-91 95 25 equal equal ADJ erjee-91 95 26 . . PUNCT erjee-91 96 1 the the DET erjee-91 96 2 results result NOUN erjee-91 96 3 gained gain VERB erjee-91 96 4 by by ADP erjee-91 96 5 tukey tukey PROPN erjee-91 96 6 hsd hsd PROPN erjee-91 96 7 method method NOUN erjee-91 96 8 in in ADP erjee-91 96 9 table table NOUN erjee-91 96 10 5 5 NUM erjee-91 96 11 indicated indicate VERB erjee-91 96 12 that that SCONJ erjee-91 96 13 there there PRON erjee-91 96 14 was be VERB erjee-91 96 15 no no DET erjee-91 96 16 significant significant ADJ erjee-91 96 17 difference difference NOUN erjee-91 96 18 between between ADP erjee-91 96 19 pairs pair NOUN erjee-91 96 20 of of ADP erjee-91 96 21 mean mean ADJ erjee-91 96 22 values value NOUN erjee-91 96 23 . . PUNCT erjee-91 97 1 hence hence ADV erjee-91 97 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 97 3 all all DET erjee-91 97 4 these these DET erjee-91 97 5 values value NOUN erjee-91 97 6 were be AUX erjee-91 97 7 put put VERB erjee-91 97 8 in in ADP erjee-91 97 9 one one NUM erjee-91 97 10 group group NOUN erjee-91 97 11 , , PUNCT erjee-91 97 12 since since SCONJ erjee-91 97 13 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 97 14 p p X erjee-91 97 15 < < X erjee-91 97 16 .05 .05 NUM erjee-91 97 17 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 97 18 for for ADP erjee-91 97 19 all all DET erjee-91 97 20 pairs pair NOUN erjee-91 97 21 of of ADP erjee-91 97 22 the the DET erjee-91 97 23 group group NOUN erjee-91 97 24 . . PUNCT erjee-91 98 1 table table NOUN erjee-91 98 2 5 5 NUM erjee-91 98 3 homogeneous homogeneous ADJ erjee-91 98 4 subsets subset NOUN erjee-91 98 5 oral oral ADJ erjee-91 98 6 production production NOUN erjee-91 98 7 score score NOUN erjee-91 98 8 at at ADP erjee-91 98 9 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 98 10 by by ADP erjee-91 98 11 tukey tukey PROPN erjee-91 98 12 hsda,,b hsda,,b NOUN erjee-91 98 13 subset subset VERB erjee-91 98 14 for for ADP erjee-91 98 15 alpha alpha NOUN erjee-91 98 16 = = NOUN erjee-91 98 17 0.05 0.05 NUM erjee-91 98 18 group group NOUN erjee-91 98 19 n n CCONJ erjee-91 98 20 1 1 NUM erjee-91 98 21 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 98 22 22 22 NUM erjee-91 98 23 2.864 2.864 NUM erjee-91 98 24 control control NOUN erjee-91 98 25 22 22 NUM erjee-91 98 26 2.932 2.932 NUM erjee-91 98 27 sig sig NOUN erjee-91 98 28 . . PUNCT erjee-91 98 29 .796 .796 PROPN erjee-91 99 1 investigation investigation NOUN erjee-91 99 2 of of ADP erjee-91 99 3 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN erjee-91 99 4 the the DET erjee-91 99 5 findings finding NOUN erjee-91 99 6 of of ADP erjee-91 99 7 the the DET erjee-91 99 8 tukey tukey NOUN erjee-91 99 9 test test NOUN erjee-91 99 10 illustrates illustrate VERB erjee-91 99 11 that that SCONJ erjee-91 99 12 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 99 13 p=0 p=0 X erjee-91 99 14 < < NOUN erjee-91 99 15 α=.05 α=.05 NOUN erjee-91 99 16 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 99 17 for for ADP erjee-91 99 18 the the DET erjee-91 99 19 comparison comparison NOUN erjee-91 99 20 between between ADP erjee-91 99 21 the the DET erjee-91 99 22 control control NOUN erjee-91 99 23 and and CCONJ erjee-91 99 24 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 99 25 group group NOUN erjee-91 99 26 . . PUNCT erjee-91 100 1 therefore therefore ADV erjee-91 100 2 the the DET erjee-91 100 3 null null ADJ erjee-91 100 4 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN erjee-91 100 5 which which PRON erjee-91 100 6 reads read VERB erjee-91 100 7 that that SCONJ erjee-91 100 8 noticing noticing NOUN erjee-91 100 9 does do AUX erjee-91 100 10 n’t not PART erjee-91 100 11 have have VERB erjee-91 100 12 any any DET erjee-91 100 13 statistically statistically ADV erjee-91 100 14 significant significant ADJ erjee-91 100 15 effect effect NOUN erjee-91 100 16 on on ADP erjee-91 100 17 linguistic linguistic ADJ erjee-91 100 18 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 100 19 of of ADP erjee-91 100 20 iranian iranian ADJ erjee-91 100 21 pre pre ADJ erjee-91 100 22 - - ADJ erjee-91 100 23 intermediate intermediate ADJ erjee-91 100 24 efl efl PROPN erjee-91 100 25 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 100 26 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 100 27 oral oral ADJ erjee-91 100 28 production production NOUN erjee-91 100 29 is be AUX erjee-91 100 30 strongly strongly ADV erjee-91 100 31 rejected reject VERB erjee-91 100 32 . . PUNCT erjee-91 101 1 thus thus ADV erjee-91 101 2 it it PRON erjee-91 101 3 can can AUX erjee-91 101 4 be be AUX erjee-91 101 5 safely safely ADV erjee-91 101 6 claimed claim VERB erjee-91 101 7 noticing noticing NOUN erjee-91 101 8 has have VERB erjee-91 101 9 statistically statistically ADV erjee-91 101 10 significant significant ADJ erjee-91 101 11 effect effect NOUN erjee-91 101 12 on on ADP erjee-91 101 13 linguistic linguistic ADJ erjee-91 101 14 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 101 15 of of ADP erjee-91 101 16 iranian iranian ADJ erjee-91 101 17 pre pre ADJ erjee-91 101 18 - - ADJ erjee-91 101 19 intermediate intermediate ADJ erjee-91 101 20 efl efl PROPN erjee-91 101 21 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 101 22 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 101 23 oral oral ADJ erjee-91 101 24 production production NOUN erjee-91 101 25 . . PUNCT erjee-91 102 1 although although SCONJ erjee-91 102 2 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 102 3 of of ADP erjee-91 102 4 the the DET erjee-91 102 5 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 102 6 group group NOUN erjee-91 102 7 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 102 8 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 102 9 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 102 10 were be AUX erjee-91 102 11 instructed instruct VERB erjee-91 102 12 extensively extensively ADV erjee-91 102 13 on on ADP erjee-91 102 14 the the DET erjee-91 102 15 target target NOUN erjee-91 102 16 structures structure NOUN erjee-91 102 17 , , PUNCT erjee-91 102 18 especially especially ADV erjee-91 102 19 verb verb NOUN erjee-91 102 20 tenses tense NOUN erjee-91 102 21 , , PUNCT erjee-91 102 22 they they PRON erjee-91 102 23 still still ADV erjee-91 102 24 failed fail VERB erjee-91 102 25 in in ADP erjee-91 102 26 identifying identify VERB erjee-91 102 27 their their PRON erjee-91 102 28 tense tense ADJ erjee-91 102 29 problems problem NOUN erjee-91 102 30 despite despite SCONJ erjee-91 102 31 having have VERB erjee-91 102 32 sufficient sufficient ADJ erjee-91 102 33 processing processing NOUN erjee-91 102 34 time time NOUN erjee-91 102 35 . . PUNCT erjee-91 103 1 interestingly interestingly ADV erjee-91 103 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 103 3 in in ADP erjee-91 103 4 the the DET erjee-91 103 5 case case NOUN erjee-91 103 6 of of ADP erjee-91 103 7 third third ADJ erjee-91 103 8 person person NOUN erjee-91 103 9 singular singular NOUN erjee-91 103 10 , , PUNCT erjee-91 103 11 the the DET erjee-91 103 12 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 103 13 corrected correct VERB erjee-91 103 14 those those DET erjee-91 103 15 verbs verb NOUN erjee-91 103 16 which which PRON erjee-91 103 17 appeared appear VERB erjee-91 103 18 right right ADV erjee-91 103 19 after after ADP erjee-91 103 20 the the DET erjee-91 103 21 pronoun pronoun NOUN erjee-91 103 22 and and CCONJ erjee-91 103 23 if if SCONJ erjee-91 103 24 there there PRON erjee-91 103 25 were be VERB erjee-91 103 26 intervening intervene VERB erjee-91 103 27 words word NOUN erjee-91 103 28 between between ADP erjee-91 103 29 the the DET erjee-91 103 30 verb verb NOUN erjee-91 103 31 and and CCONJ erjee-91 103 32 the the DET erjee-91 103 33 pronoun pronoun NOUN erjee-91 103 34 , , PUNCT erjee-91 103 35 they they PRON erjee-91 103 36 would would AUX erjee-91 103 37 rarely rarely ADV erjee-91 103 38 mention mention VERB erjee-91 103 39 this this DET erjee-91 103 40 problem problem NOUN erjee-91 103 41 . . PUNCT erjee-91 104 1 furthermore furthermore ADV erjee-91 104 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 104 3 this this PRON erjee-91 104 4 reveals reveal VERB erjee-91 104 5 the the DET erjee-91 104 6 cognitively cognitively ADV erjee-91 104 7 demanding demanding ADJ erjee-91 104 8 nature nature NOUN erjee-91 104 9 third third ADJ erjee-91 104 10 person person NOUN erjee-91 104 11 singular singular PROPN erjee-91 104 12 morpheme morpheme NOUN erjee-91 104 13 since since SCONJ erjee-91 104 14 this this DET erjee-91 104 15 grammatical grammatical ADJ erjee-91 104 16 form form NOUN erjee-91 104 17 is be AUX erjee-91 104 18 one one NUM erjee-91 104 19 of of ADP erjee-91 104 20 the the DET erjee-91 104 21 last last ADJ erjee-91 104 22 grammatical grammatical ADJ erjee-91 104 23 forms form NOUN erjee-91 104 24 to to PART erjee-91 104 25 be be AUX erjee-91 104 26 learned learn VERB erjee-91 104 27 in in ADP erjee-91 104 28 the the DET erjee-91 104 29 row row NOUN erjee-91 104 30 of of ADP erjee-91 104 31 inflectional inflectional ADJ erjee-91 104 32 morphemes morpheme NOUN erjee-91 104 33 . . PUNCT erjee-91 105 1 since since SCONJ erjee-91 105 2 the the DET erjee-91 105 3 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 105 4 did do AUX erjee-91 105 5 not not PART erjee-91 105 6 correct correct VERB erjee-91 105 7 half half NOUN erjee-91 105 8 of of ADP erjee-91 105 9 their their PRON erjee-91 105 10 mistakes mistake NOUN erjee-91 105 11 , , PUNCT erjee-91 105 12 they they PRON erjee-91 105 13 are be AUX erjee-91 105 14 believed believe VERB erjee-91 105 15 to to PART erjee-91 105 16 be be AUX erjee-91 105 17 at at ADP erjee-91 105 18 the the DET erjee-91 105 19 controlled control VERB erjee-91 105 20 stage stage NOUN erjee-91 105 21 of of ADP erjee-91 105 22 processing processing NOUN erjee-91 105 23 and and CCONJ erjee-91 105 24 have have AUX erjee-91 105 25 not not PART erjee-91 105 26 reached reach VERB erjee-91 105 27 the the DET erjee-91 105 28 automatic automatic ADJ erjee-91 105 29 processing processing NOUN erjee-91 105 30 stage stage NOUN erjee-91 105 31 at at ADP erjee-91 105 32 the the DET erjee-91 105 33 intermediate intermediate ADJ erjee-91 105 34 level level NOUN erjee-91 105 35 yet yet ADV erjee-91 105 36 , , PUNCT erjee-91 105 37 based base VERB erjee-91 105 38 on on ADP erjee-91 105 39 mclaughlin mclaughlin PROPN erjee-91 105 40 ’s ’s PART erjee-91 105 41 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 105 42 1987 1987 NUM erjee-91 105 43 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 105 44 conception conception NOUN erjee-91 105 45 of of ADP erjee-91 105 46 automaticity automaticity NOUN erjee-91 105 47 . . PUNCT erjee-91 106 1 faezeh faezeh AUX erjee-91 106 2 nemati nemati PROPN erjee-91 106 3 & & CCONJ erjee-91 106 4 hamid hamid PROPN erjee-91 106 5 ashraf ashraf PROPN erjee-91 106 6 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 106 7 : : PUNCT erjee-91 106 8 a a DET erjee-91 106 9 factor factor NOUN erjee-91 106 10 to to PART erjee-91 106 11 improve improve VERB erjee-91 106 12 iranian iranian ADJ erjee-91 106 13 pre pre ADJ erjee-91 106 14 - - ADJ erjee-91 106 15 intermediate intermediate ADJ erjee-91 106 16 efl efl PROPN erjee-91 106 17 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 106 18 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 106 19 structural structural ADJ erjee-91 106 20 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 106 21 54 54 NUM erjee-91 106 22 tests test NOUN erjee-91 106 23 of of ADP erjee-91 106 24 normality normality NOUN erjee-91 106 25 of of ADP erjee-91 106 26 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 106 27 to to PART erjee-91 106 28 test test VERB erjee-91 106 29 the the DET erjee-91 106 30 normality normality NOUN erjee-91 106 31 of of ADP erjee-91 106 32 the the DET erjee-91 106 33 posttest posttest NOUN erjee-91 106 34 the the DET erjee-91 106 35 shapiro shapiro PROPN erjee-91 106 36 - - PUNCT erjee-91 106 37 wilk wilk NOUN erjee-91 106 38 was be AUX erjee-91 106 39 used use VERB erjee-91 106 40 . . PUNCT erjee-91 107 1 the the DET erjee-91 107 2 results result NOUN erjee-91 107 3 are be AUX erjee-91 107 4 depicted depict VERB erjee-91 107 5 in in ADP erjee-91 107 6 the the DET erjee-91 107 7 following follow VERB erjee-91 107 8 tables table NOUN erjee-91 107 9 . . PUNCT erjee-91 108 1 tables table NOUN erjee-91 108 2 6 6 NUM erjee-91 108 3 and and CCONJ erjee-91 108 4 7 7 NUM erjee-91 108 5 manifest manifest VERB erjee-91 108 6 the the DET erjee-91 108 7 results result NOUN erjee-91 108 8 of of ADP erjee-91 108 9 this this DET erjee-91 108 10 normality normality NOUN erjee-91 108 11 test test NOUN erjee-91 108 12 . . PUNCT erjee-91 109 1 table table NOUN erjee-91 109 2 6 6 NUM erjee-91 109 3 test test NOUN erjee-91 109 4 of of ADP erjee-91 109 5 normality normality NOUN erjee-91 109 6 of of ADP erjee-91 109 7 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 109 8 shapiro shapiro NOUN erjee-91 109 9 - - PUNCT erjee-91 109 10 wilk wilk NOUN erjee-91 109 11 statistic statistic PROPN erjee-91 109 12 df df PROPN erjee-91 109 13 sig sig PROPN erjee-91 109 14 . . PUNCT erjee-91 110 1 control control PROPN erjee-91 110 2 group group PROPN erjee-91 110 3 at at ADP erjee-91 110 4 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 110 5 .939 .939 NUM erjee-91 110 6 22 22 NUM erjee-91 110 7 .210 .210 NUM erjee-91 110 8 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 110 9 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 110 10 at at ADP erjee-91 110 11 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 110 12 .923 .923 NUM erjee-91 110 13 22 22 NUM erjee-91 110 14 .101 .101 NUM erjee-91 110 15 table table NOUN erjee-91 110 16 7 7 NUM erjee-91 110 17 homogeneous homogeneous ADJ erjee-91 110 18 subsets subset NOUN erjee-91 110 19 oral oral ADJ erjee-91 110 20 production production NOUN erjee-91 110 21 score score NOUN erjee-91 110 22 at at ADP erjee-91 110 23 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 110 24 by by ADP erjee-91 110 25 tukey tukey PROPN erjee-91 110 26 hsda,,b hsda,,b PROPN erjee-91 110 27 group group PROPN erjee-91 110 28 n n PROPN erjee-91 110 29 subset subset VERB erjee-91 110 30 for for ADP erjee-91 110 31 alpha alpha NOUN erjee-91 110 32 = = NOUN erjee-91 110 33 0.05 0.05 NUM erjee-91 110 34 1 1 NUM erjee-91 110 35 2 2 NUM erjee-91 110 36 control control NOUN erjee-91 110 37 22 22 NUM erjee-91 110 38 3.455 3.455 NUM erjee-91 110 39 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 110 40 22 22 NUM erjee-91 110 41 4.341 4.341 NUM erjee-91 110 42 sig sig NOUN erjee-91 110 43 . . PUNCT erjee-91 110 44 .503 .503 NUM erjee-91 111 1 1.000 1.000 NUM erjee-91 111 2 the the DET erjee-91 111 3 null null NOUN erjee-91 111 4 - - PUNCT erjee-91 111 5 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN erjee-91 111 6 of of ADP erjee-91 111 7 the the DET erjee-91 111 8 test test NOUN erjee-91 111 9 of of ADP erjee-91 111 10 normality normality NOUN erjee-91 111 11 is be AUX erjee-91 111 12 that that SCONJ erjee-91 111 13 the the DET erjee-91 111 14 distribution distribution NOUN erjee-91 111 15 of of ADP erjee-91 111 16 the the DET erjee-91 111 17 group group NOUN erjee-91 111 18 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 111 19 scores score NOUN erjee-91 111 20 is be AUX erjee-91 111 21 normal normal ADJ erjee-91 111 22 . . PUNCT erjee-91 112 1 therefore therefore ADV erjee-91 112 2 the the DET erjee-91 112 3 distribution distribution NOUN erjee-91 112 4 of of ADP erjee-91 112 5 the the DET erjee-91 112 6 scores score NOUN erjee-91 112 7 is be AUX erjee-91 112 8 not not PART erjee-91 112 9 normal normal ADJ erjee-91 112 10 if if SCONJ erjee-91 112 11 the the DET erjee-91 112 12 p<.05 p<.05 NOUN erjee-91 112 13 . . PUNCT erjee-91 113 1 two two NUM erjee-91 113 2 groups group NOUN erjee-91 113 3 are be AUX erjee-91 113 4 normally normally ADV erjee-91 113 5 distributed distribute VERB erjee-91 113 6 since since SCONJ erjee-91 113 7 the the DET erjee-91 113 8 p p NOUN erjee-91 113 9 - - PUNCT erjee-91 113 10 value value NOUN erjee-91 113 11 is be AUX erjee-91 113 12 more more ADJ erjee-91 113 13 than than ADP erjee-91 113 14 .05 .05 NUM erjee-91 113 15 for for ADP erjee-91 113 16 all all PRON erjee-91 113 17 of of ADP erjee-91 113 18 them they PRON erjee-91 113 19 . . PUNCT erjee-91 114 1 inter inter ADJ erjee-91 114 2 - - ADJ erjee-91 114 3 rater rater ADJ erjee-91 114 4 reliability reliability NOUN erjee-91 114 5 coefficients coefficient VERB erjee-91 114 6 the the DET erjee-91 114 7 researcher researcher NOUN erjee-91 114 8 used use VERB erjee-91 114 9 pearson pearson PROPN erjee-91 114 10 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 114 11 coefficient coefficient NOUN erjee-91 114 12 to to PART erjee-91 114 13 calculate calculate VERB erjee-91 114 14 if if SCONJ erjee-91 114 15 there there PRON erjee-91 114 16 is be VERB erjee-91 114 17 any any DET erjee-91 114 18 significant significant ADJ erjee-91 114 19 difference difference NOUN erjee-91 114 20 between between ADP erjee-91 114 21 the the DET erjee-91 114 22 scores score NOUN erjee-91 114 23 given give VERB erjee-91 114 24 by by ADP erjee-91 114 25 different different ADJ erjee-91 114 26 raters rater NOUN erjee-91 114 27 . . PUNCT erjee-91 115 1 tables table NOUN erjee-91 115 2 8 8 NUM erjee-91 115 3 , , PUNCT erjee-91 115 4 9 9 NUM erjee-91 115 5 , , PUNCT erjee-91 115 6 10 10 NUM erjee-91 115 7 , , PUNCT erjee-91 115 8 11 11 NUM erjee-91 115 9 show show VERB erjee-91 115 10 the the DET erjee-91 115 11 results result NOUN erjee-91 115 12 , , PUNCT erjee-91 115 13 respectively respectively ADV erjee-91 115 14 . . PUNCT erjee-91 116 1 the the DET erjee-91 116 2 researcher researcher NOUN erjee-91 116 3 calculated calculate VERB erjee-91 116 4 the the DET erjee-91 116 5 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 116 6 coefficient coefficient NOUN erjee-91 116 7 between between ADP erjee-91 116 8 the the DET erjee-91 116 9 scores score NOUN erjee-91 116 10 given give VERB erjee-91 116 11 by by ADP erjee-91 116 12 the the DET erjee-91 116 13 two two NUM erjee-91 116 14 raters rater NOUN erjee-91 116 15 in in ADP erjee-91 116 16 control control NOUN erjee-91 116 17 group group NOUN erjee-91 116 18 . . PUNCT erjee-91 117 1 the the DET erjee-91 117 2 obtained obtain VERB erjee-91 117 3 result result NOUN erjee-91 117 4 in in ADP erjee-91 117 5 table table NOUN erjee-91 117 6 8 8 NUM erjee-91 117 7 was be AUX erjee-91 117 8 a a DET erjee-91 117 9 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 117 10 of of ADP erjee-91 117 11 .824.the .824.the DET erjee-91 117 12 gain gain NOUN erjee-91 117 13 scores score NOUN erjee-91 117 14 were be AUX erjee-91 117 15 compared compare VERB erjee-91 117 16 and and CCONJ erjee-91 117 17 the the DET erjee-91 117 18 results result NOUN erjee-91 117 19 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 117 20 p p NOUN erjee-91 117 21 - - PUNCT erjee-91 117 22 value=0.0001 value=0.0001 NOUN erjee-91 117 23 < < X erjee-91 117 24 α=0.05 α=0.05 NOUN erjee-91 117 25 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 117 26 showed show VERB erjee-91 117 27 that that SCONJ erjee-91 117 28 there there PRON erjee-91 117 29 is be VERB erjee-91 117 30 a a DET erjee-91 117 31 strong strong ADJ erjee-91 117 32 relationship relationship NOUN erjee-91 117 33 between between ADP erjee-91 117 34 the the DET erjee-91 117 35 lists list NOUN erjee-91 117 36 of of ADP erjee-91 117 37 scores score NOUN erjee-91 117 38 each each DET erjee-91 117 39 participant participant NOUN erjee-91 117 40 received receive VERB erjee-91 117 41 . . PUNCT erjee-91 118 1 also also ADV erjee-91 118 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 118 3 the the DET erjee-91 118 4 researcher researcher NOUN erjee-91 118 5 estimated estimate VERB erjee-91 118 6 the the DET erjee-91 118 7 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 118 8 coefficient coefficient NOUN erjee-91 118 9 between between ADP erjee-91 118 10 the the DET erjee-91 118 11 scores score NOUN erjee-91 118 12 given give VERB erjee-91 118 13 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 118 14 group group NOUN erjee-91 118 15 . . PUNCT erjee-91 119 1 in in ADP erjee-91 119 2 table table NOUN erjee-91 119 3 9 9 NUM erjee-91 119 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 119 5 the the DET erjee-91 119 6 raters rater NOUN erjee-91 119 7 gained gain VERB erjee-91 119 8 an an DET erjee-91 119 9 estimate estimate NOUN erjee-91 119 10 of of ADP erjee-91 119 11 the the PRON erjee-91 119 12 .858which .858which PROPN erjee-91 119 13 shows show VERB erjee-91 119 14 a a DET erjee-91 119 15 high high ADJ erjee-91 119 16 reliability reliability NOUN erjee-91 119 17 of of ADP erjee-91 119 18 the the DET erjee-91 119 19 scores score NOUN erjee-91 119 20 . . PUNCT erjee-91 120 1 the the DET erjee-91 120 2 analysis analysis NOUN erjee-91 120 3 showed show VERB erjee-91 120 4 no no DET erjee-91 120 5 significant significant ADJ erjee-91 120 6 difference difference NOUN erjee-91 120 7 between between ADP erjee-91 120 8 the the DET erjee-91 120 9 scores score NOUN erjee-91 120 10 given give VERB erjee-91 120 11 by by ADP erjee-91 120 12 two two NUM erjee-91 120 13 raters rater NOUN erjee-91 120 14 . . PUNCT erjee-91 121 1 in in ADP erjee-91 121 2 the the DET erjee-91 121 3 case case NOUN erjee-91 121 4 of of ADP erjee-91 121 5 inter inter ADJ erjee-91 121 6 - - ADJ erjee-91 121 7 rater rater ADJ erjee-91 121 8 reliability reliability NOUN erjee-91 121 9 , , PUNCT erjee-91 121 10 in in ADP erjee-91 121 11 table table NOUN erjee-91 121 12 10 10 NUM erjee-91 121 13 , , PUNCT erjee-91 121 14 an an DET erjee-91 121 15 estimate estimate NOUN erjee-91 121 16 of of ADP erjee-91 121 17 .791 .791 NUM erjee-91 121 18 in in ADP erjee-91 121 19 control control NOUN erjee-91 121 20 group group NOUN erjee-91 121 21 between between ADP erjee-91 121 22 two two NUM erjee-91 121 23 raters rater NOUN erjee-91 121 24 was be AUX erjee-91 121 25 obtained obtain VERB erjee-91 121 26 . . PUNCT erjee-91 122 1 table table NOUN erjee-91 122 2 8 8 NUM erjee-91 122 3 correlations correlation NOUN erjee-91 122 4 between between ADP erjee-91 122 5 scores score NOUN erjee-91 122 6 of of ADP erjee-91 122 7 rater1 rater1 PROPN erjee-91 122 8 & & CCONJ erjee-91 122 9 rater2 rater2 PROPN erjee-91 122 10 for for ADP erjee-91 122 11 control control NOUN erjee-91 122 12 group group NOUN erjee-91 122 13 in in ADP erjee-91 122 14 pretest pretest ADJ erjee-91 122 15 control control NOUN erjee-91 122 16 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 122 17 at at ADP erjee-91 122 18 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 122 19 - - PUNCT erjee-91 122 20 r1 r1 NOUN erjee-91 122 21 control control NOUN erjee-91 122 22 g. g. PROPN erjee-91 122 23 at at ADP erjee-91 122 24 pretestr2 pretestr2 PROPN erjee-91 122 25 control control PROPN erjee-91 122 26 g. g. PROPN erjee-91 122 27 at at ADP erjee-91 122 28 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 122 29 - - PUNCT erjee-91 122 30 r1 r1 NOUN erjee-91 122 31 pearson pearson NOUN erjee-91 122 32 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 122 33 1 1 NUM erjee-91 122 34 .824 .824 NUM erjee-91 122 35 * * NOUN erjee-91 122 36 * * PUNCT erjee-91 122 37 sig sig X erjee-91 122 38 . . PUNCT erjee-91 123 1 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 123 2 2 2 NUM erjee-91 123 3 - - PUNCT erjee-91 123 4 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 123 5 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 123 6 .000 .000 NUM erjee-91 124 1 n n CCONJ erjee-91 124 2 22 22 NUM erjee-91 124 3 22 22 NUM erjee-91 124 4 control control NOUN erjee-91 124 5 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 124 6 at at ADP erjee-91 124 7 pretestr2 pretestr2 PROPN erjee-91 124 8 pearson pearson PROPN erjee-91 124 9 correlation correlation PROPN erjee-91 124 10 .824 .824 NUM erjee-91 124 11 * * PUNCT erjee-91 124 12 * * PROPN erjee-91 124 13 1 1 NUM erjee-91 124 14 sig sig NOUN erjee-91 124 15 . . PUNCT erjee-91 125 1 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 125 2 2 2 NUM erjee-91 125 3 - - PUNCT erjee-91 125 4 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 125 5 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 125 6 .000 .000 NUM erjee-91 126 1 n n PRON erjee-91 126 2 22 22 NUM erjee-91 126 3 22 22 NUM erjee-91 126 4 * * PUNCT erjee-91 126 5 * * NOUN erjee-91 126 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 127 1 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 127 2 is be AUX erjee-91 127 3 significant significant ADJ erjee-91 127 4 at at ADP erjee-91 127 5 the the DET erjee-91 127 6 0.01 0.01 NUM erjee-91 127 7 level level NOUN erjee-91 127 8 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 127 9 2 2 NUM erjee-91 127 10 - - PUNCT erjee-91 127 11 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 127 12 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 127 13 . . PUNCT erjee-91 128 1 table table NOUN erjee-91 128 2 9 9 NUM erjee-91 128 3 correlations correlation NOUN erjee-91 128 4 between between ADP erjee-91 128 5 scores score NOUN erjee-91 128 6 of of ADP erjee-91 128 7 rater1 rater1 PROPN erjee-91 128 8 & & CCONJ erjee-91 128 9 rater2 rater2 PROPN erjee-91 128 10 for for ADP erjee-91 128 11 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 128 12 group group NOUN erjee-91 128 13 in in ADP erjee-91 128 14 pretest pret ADJ erjee-91 128 15 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 128 16 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 128 17 at at ADP erjee-91 128 18 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 128 19 - - PUNCT erjee-91 128 20 r1 r1 NOUN erjee-91 128 21 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 128 22 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 128 23 at at ADP erjee-91 128 24 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 128 25 - - PUNCT erjee-91 128 26 r2 r2 NOUN erjee-91 128 27 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 128 28 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 128 29 at at ADP erjee-91 128 30 pretest pretest NOUN erjee-91 128 31 - - PUNCT erjee-91 128 32 r1 r1 NOUN erjee-91 128 33 pearson pearson NOUN erjee-91 128 34 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 128 35 1 1 NUM erjee-91 128 36 .858 .858 NOUN erjee-91 128 37 * * PUNCT erjee-91 128 38 * * PUNCT erjee-91 128 39 sig sig X erjee-91 128 40 . . PUNCT erjee-91 129 1 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 129 2 2 2 NUM erjee-91 129 3 - - PUNCT erjee-91 129 4 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 129 5 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 129 6 .000 .000 NUM erjee-91 130 1 n n CCONJ erjee-91 130 2 22 22 NUM erjee-91 130 3 22 22 NUM erjee-91 130 4 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 130 5 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 131 1 at at ADP erjee-91 131 2 pretest pret ADJ erjee-91 131 3 - - PUNCT erjee-91 131 4 r2 r2 NOUN erjee-91 131 5 pearson pearson NOUN erjee-91 131 6 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 131 7 .858 .858 NOUN erjee-91 131 8 * * PUNCT erjee-91 131 9 * * PROPN erjee-91 131 10 1 1 NUM erjee-91 131 11 sig sig NOUN erjee-91 131 12 . . PUNCT erjee-91 132 1 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 132 2 2 2 NUM erjee-91 132 3 - - PUNCT erjee-91 132 4 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 132 5 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 132 6 .000 .000 NUM erjee-91 133 1 n n PRON erjee-91 133 2 22 22 NUM erjee-91 133 3 22 22 NUM erjee-91 133 4 * * PUNCT erjee-91 133 5 * * NOUN erjee-91 133 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 134 1 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 134 2 is be AUX erjee-91 134 3 significant significant ADJ erjee-91 134 4 at at ADP erjee-91 134 5 the the DET erjee-91 134 6 0.01 0.01 NUM erjee-91 134 7 level level NOUN erjee-91 134 8 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 134 9 2 2 NUM erjee-91 134 10 - - PUNCT erjee-91 134 11 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 134 12 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 134 13 . . PUNCT erjee-91 135 1 55 55 NUM erjee-91 135 2 english english PROPN erjee-91 135 3 review review NOUN erjee-91 135 4 : : PUNCT erjee-91 135 5 journal journal NOUN erjee-91 135 6 of of ADP erjee-91 135 7 english english PROPN erjee-91 135 8 education education PROPN erjee-91 135 9 issn issn VERB erjee-91 135 10 2301 2301 NUM erjee-91 135 11 - - SYM erjee-91 135 12 7554 7554 NUM erjee-91 135 13 vol.2 vol.2 NOUN erjee-91 135 14 , , PUNCT erjee-91 135 15 issue issue NOUN erjee-91 135 16 1 1 NUM erjee-91 135 17 , , PUNCT erjee-91 135 18 december december PROPN erjee-91 135 19 2013 2013 NUM erjee-91 135 20 http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee http://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/erjee X erjee-91 135 21 in in ADP erjee-91 135 22 the the DET erjee-91 135 23 case case NOUN erjee-91 135 24 of of ADP erjee-91 135 25 inter inter ADJ erjee-91 135 26 - - ADJ erjee-91 135 27 rater rater ADJ erjee-91 135 28 reliability reliability NOUN erjee-91 135 29 , , PUNCT erjee-91 135 30 in in ADP erjee-91 135 31 table table NOUN erjee-91 135 32 11 11 NUM erjee-91 135 33 , , PUNCT erjee-91 135 34 an an DET erjee-91 135 35 estimate estimate NOUN erjee-91 135 36 of of ADP erjee-91 135 37 .820 .820 NOUN erjee-91 135 38 in in ADP erjee-91 135 39 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 135 40 group group NOUN erjee-91 135 41 between between ADP erjee-91 135 42 two two NUM erjee-91 135 43 raters rater NOUN erjee-91 135 44 was be AUX erjee-91 135 45 obtained obtain VERB erjee-91 135 46 . . PUNCT erjee-91 136 1 conclusion conclusion NOUN erjee-91 136 2 in in ADP erjee-91 136 3 order order NOUN erjee-91 136 4 to to PART erjee-91 136 5 test test VERB erjee-91 136 6 this this DET erjee-91 136 7 null null ADJ erjee-91 136 8 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN erjee-91 136 9 , , PUNCT erjee-91 136 10 44iranian 44iranian PROPN erjee-91 136 11 efl efl PROPN erjee-91 136 12 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 136 13 of of ADP erjee-91 136 14 an an DET erjee-91 136 15 english english PROPN erjee-91 136 16 language language PROPN erjee-91 136 17 institute institute NOUN erjee-91 136 18 , , PUNCT erjee-91 136 19 who who PRON erjee-91 136 20 lack lack VERB erjee-91 136 21 familiarity familiarity NOUN erjee-91 136 22 with with ADP erjee-91 136 23 the the DET erjee-91 136 24 five five NUM erjee-91 136 25 target target NOUN erjee-91 136 26 structures structure NOUN erjee-91 136 27 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 136 28 the the DET erjee-91 136 29 simple simple ADJ erjee-91 136 30 present present NOUN erjee-91 136 31 , , PUNCT erjee-91 136 32 especially especially ADV erjee-91 136 33 third third ADJ erjee-91 136 34 person person NOUN erjee-91 136 35 ‘s ‘s NOUN erjee-91 136 36 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 136 37 morpheme morpheme NOUN erjee-91 136 38 , , PUNCT erjee-91 136 39 present present ADJ erjee-91 136 40 continuous continuous ADJ erjee-91 136 41 , , PUNCT erjee-91 136 42 simple simple ADJ erjee-91 136 43 past past NOUN erjee-91 136 44 , , PUNCT erjee-91 136 45 past past ADP erjee-91 136 46 continuous continuous ADJ erjee-91 136 47 and and CCONJ erjee-91 136 48 present present ADJ erjee-91 136 49 perfect perfect ADJ erjee-91 136 50 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 136 51 , , PUNCT erjee-91 136 52 were be AUX erjee-91 136 53 selected select VERB erjee-91 136 54 through through ADP erjee-91 136 55 a a DET erjee-91 136 56 homogeneity homogeneity NOUN erjee-91 136 57 test test NOUN erjee-91 136 58 . . PUNCT erjee-91 137 1 these these DET erjee-91 137 2 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 137 3 were be AUX erjee-91 137 4 also also ADV erjee-91 137 5 pretested preteste VERB erjee-91 137 6 through through ADP erjee-91 137 7 a a DET erjee-91 137 8 structured structured ADJ erjee-91 137 9 interview interview NOUN erjee-91 137 10 , , PUNCT erjee-91 137 11 and and CCONJ erjee-91 137 12 were be AUX erjee-91 137 13 put put VERB erjee-91 137 14 into into ADP erjee-91 137 15 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 137 16 and and CCONJ erjee-91 137 17 control control NOUN erjee-91 137 18 groups group NOUN erjee-91 137 19 by by ADP erjee-91 137 20 means mean NOUN erjee-91 137 21 of of ADP erjee-91 137 22 matched match VERB erjee-91 137 23 sampling sampling NOUN erjee-91 137 24 on on ADP erjee-91 137 25 the the DET erjee-91 137 26 basis basis NOUN erjee-91 137 27 of of ADP erjee-91 137 28 their their PRON erjee-91 137 29 pretest pret ADJ erjee-91 137 30 scores score NOUN erjee-91 137 31 . . PUNCT erjee-91 138 1 this this PRON erjee-91 138 2 was be AUX erjee-91 138 3 to to PART erjee-91 138 4 make make VERB erjee-91 138 5 sure sure ADJ erjee-91 138 6 that that SCONJ erjee-91 138 7 the the DET erjee-91 138 8 two two NUM erjee-91 138 9 groups group NOUN erjee-91 138 10 , , PUNCT erjee-91 138 11 one one NUM erjee-91 138 12 group group NOUN erjee-91 138 13 as as ADP erjee-91 138 14 the the DET erjee-91 138 15 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 138 16 group group NOUN erjee-91 138 17 and and CCONJ erjee-91 138 18 one one NUM erjee-91 138 19 group group NOUN erjee-91 138 20 as as ADP erjee-91 138 21 the the DET erjee-91 138 22 control control NOUN erjee-91 138 23 group group NOUN erjee-91 138 24 , , PUNCT erjee-91 138 25 were be AUX erjee-91 138 26 all all PRON erjee-91 138 27 experiencing experience VERB erjee-91 138 28 similar similar ADJ erjee-91 138 29 conditions condition NOUN erjee-91 138 30 from from ADP erjee-91 138 31 the the DET erjee-91 138 32 very very ADJ erjee-91 138 33 beginning beginning NOUN erjee-91 138 34 . . PUNCT erjee-91 139 1 the the DET erjee-91 139 2 two two NUM erjee-91 139 3 groups group NOUN erjee-91 139 4 were be AUX erjee-91 139 5 later later ADV erjee-91 139 6 given give VERB erjee-91 139 7 special special ADJ erjee-91 139 8 treatments treatment NOUN erjee-91 139 9 to to PART erjee-91 139 10 evaluate evaluate VERB erjee-91 139 11 the the DET erjee-91 139 12 group group NOUN erjee-91 139 13 ; ; PUNCT erjee-91 139 14 i.e. i.e. X erjee-91 139 15 in in ADP erjee-91 139 16 these these DET erjee-91 139 17 implementations implementation NOUN erjee-91 139 18 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 139 19 group group NOUN erjee-91 139 20 was be AUX erjee-91 139 21 exposed expose VERB erjee-91 139 22 to to ADP erjee-91 139 23 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 139 24 technique technique NOUN erjee-91 139 25 and and CCONJ erjee-91 139 26 control control NOUN erjee-91 139 27 group group NOUN erjee-91 139 28 was be AUX erjee-91 139 29 not not PART erjee-91 139 30 forced force VERB erjee-91 139 31 to to PART erjee-91 139 32 face face VERB erjee-91 139 33 any any DET erjee-91 139 34 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 139 35 on on ADP erjee-91 139 36 form form NOUN erjee-91 139 37 technique technique NOUN erjee-91 139 38 . . PUNCT erjee-91 140 1 the the DET erjee-91 140 2 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 140 3 of of ADP erjee-91 140 4 the the DET erjee-91 140 5 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 140 6 group group NOUN erjee-91 140 7 were be AUX erjee-91 140 8 exposed expose VERB erjee-91 140 9 to to PART erjee-91 140 10 focus focus VERB erjee-91 140 11 on on ADP erjee-91 140 12 form form NOUN erjee-91 140 13 through through ADP erjee-91 140 14 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 140 15 while while SCONJ erjee-91 140 16 the the DET erjee-91 140 17 control control NOUN erjee-91 140 18 group group NOUN erjee-91 140 19 was be AUX erjee-91 140 20 not not PART erjee-91 140 21 faced face VERB erjee-91 140 22 with with ADP erjee-91 140 23 this this DET erjee-91 140 24 technique technique NOUN erjee-91 140 25 . . PUNCT erjee-91 141 1 afterwards afterwards ADV erjee-91 141 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 141 3 the the DET erjee-91 141 4 participants participant NOUN erjee-91 141 5 were be AUX erjee-91 141 6 post post NOUN erjee-91 141 7 tested test VERB erjee-91 141 8 through through ADP erjee-91 141 9 another another DET erjee-91 141 10 structured structured ADJ erjee-91 141 11 interview interview NOUN erjee-91 141 12 to to PART erjee-91 141 13 examine examine VERB erjee-91 141 14 their their PRON erjee-91 141 15 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 141 16 gains gain NOUN erjee-91 141 17 after after ADP erjee-91 141 18 treatment treatment NOUN erjee-91 141 19 . . PUNCT erjee-91 142 1 a a DET erjee-91 142 2 comparison comparison NOUN erjee-91 142 3 of of ADP erjee-91 142 4 the the DET erjee-91 142 5 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 142 6 gains gain NOUN erjee-91 142 7 in in ADP erjee-91 142 8 control control NOUN erjee-91 142 9 and and CCONJ erjee-91 142 10 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 142 11 group group NOUN erjee-91 142 12 was be AUX erjee-91 142 13 conducted conduct VERB erjee-91 142 14 via via ADP erjee-91 142 15 a a DET erjee-91 142 16 variance variance NOUN erjee-91 142 17 analysis analysis NOUN erjee-91 142 18 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 142 19 anova anova PROPN erjee-91 142 20 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 142 21 . . PUNCT erjee-91 143 1 the the DET erjee-91 143 2 mean mean ADJ erjee-91 143 3 pretest pret ADJ erjee-91 143 4 scores score NOUN erjee-91 143 5 for for ADP erjee-91 143 6 two two NUM erjee-91 143 7 groups group NOUN erjee-91 143 8 were be AUX erjee-91 143 9 not not PART erjee-91 143 10 significantly significantly ADV erjee-91 143 11 different different ADJ erjee-91 143 12 . . PUNCT erjee-91 144 1 this this DET erjee-91 144 2 pattern pattern NOUN erjee-91 144 3 was be AUX erjee-91 144 4 repeated repeat VERB erjee-91 144 5 on on ADP erjee-91 144 6 the the DET erjee-91 144 7 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 144 8 in in ADP erjee-91 144 9 which which PRON erjee-91 144 10 the the DET erjee-91 144 11 mean mean ADJ erjee-91 144 12 scores score NOUN erjee-91 144 13 were be AUX erjee-91 144 14 found find VERB erjee-91 144 15 to to PART erjee-91 144 16 be be AUX erjee-91 144 17 significantly significantly ADV erjee-91 144 18 different different ADJ erjee-91 144 19 between between ADP erjee-91 144 20 the the DET erjee-91 144 21 noticing noticing ADJ erjee-91 144 22 and and CCONJ erjee-91 144 23 control control NOUN erjee-91 144 24 group group NOUN erjee-91 144 25 . . PUNCT erjee-91 145 1 table table NOUN erjee-91 145 2 10 10 NUM erjee-91 145 3 correlations correlation NOUN erjee-91 145 4 between between ADP erjee-91 145 5 scores score NOUN erjee-91 145 6 of of ADP erjee-91 145 7 rater1 rater1 PROPN erjee-91 145 8 & & CCONJ erjee-91 145 9 rater2 rater2 PROPN erjee-91 145 10 for for ADP erjee-91 145 11 control control NOUN erjee-91 145 12 group group NOUN erjee-91 145 13 in in ADP erjee-91 145 14 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 145 15 control control NOUN erjee-91 145 16 group group NOUN erjee-91 145 17 at at ADP erjee-91 145 18 posttest posttest ADV erjee-91 145 19 - - PUNCT erjee-91 145 20 r1 r1 NOUN erjee-91 145 21 control control NOUN erjee-91 145 22 group group NOUN erjee-91 145 23 at at ADP erjee-91 145 24 posttest posttest ADJ erjee-91 145 25 - - PUNCT erjee-91 145 26 r2 r2 NOUN erjee-91 145 27 control control NOUN erjee-91 145 28 group group NOUN erjee-91 145 29 at at ADP erjee-91 145 30 posttest posttest ADV erjee-91 145 31 - - PUNCT erjee-91 145 32 r1 r1 NOUN erjee-91 145 33 pearson pearson NOUN erjee-91 145 34 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 145 35 1 1 NUM erjee-91 145 36 .791 .791 NUM erjee-91 145 37 * * PUNCT erjee-91 145 38 * * PUNCT erjee-91 145 39 sig sig X erjee-91 145 40 . . PUNCT erjee-91 146 1 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 146 2 2 2 NUM erjee-91 146 3 - - PUNCT erjee-91 146 4 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 146 5 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 146 6 .000 .000 NUM erjee-91 147 1 n n CCONJ erjee-91 147 2 22 22 NUM erjee-91 147 3 22 22 NUM erjee-91 147 4 control control NOUN erjee-91 147 5 group group NOUN erjee-91 147 6 at at ADP erjee-91 147 7 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 147 8 - - PUNCT erjee-91 147 9 r2 r2 NOUN erjee-91 147 10 pearson pearson NOUN erjee-91 147 11 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 147 12 .791 .791 NUM erjee-91 147 13 * * PUNCT erjee-91 147 14 * * PROPN erjee-91 147 15 1 1 NUM erjee-91 147 16 sig sig NOUN erjee-91 147 17 . . PUNCT erjee-91 148 1 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 148 2 2 2 NUM erjee-91 148 3 - - PUNCT erjee-91 148 4 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 148 5 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 148 6 .000 .000 NUM erjee-91 149 1 n n PRON erjee-91 149 2 22 22 NUM erjee-91 149 3 22 22 NUM erjee-91 149 4 * * PUNCT erjee-91 149 5 * * NOUN erjee-91 149 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 150 1 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 150 2 is be AUX erjee-91 150 3 significant significant ADJ erjee-91 150 4 at at ADP erjee-91 150 5 the the DET erjee-91 150 6 0.01 0.01 NUM erjee-91 150 7 level level NOUN erjee-91 150 8 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 150 9 2 2 NUM erjee-91 150 10 - - PUNCT erjee-91 150 11 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 150 12 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 150 13 . . PUNCT erjee-91 151 1 table table NOUN erjee-91 151 2 11 11 NUM erjee-91 151 3 correlations correlation NOUN erjee-91 151 4 between between ADP erjee-91 151 5 scores score NOUN erjee-91 151 6 of of ADP erjee-91 151 7 rater1 rater1 PROPN erjee-91 151 8 & & CCONJ erjee-91 151 9 rater2 rater2 PROPN erjee-91 151 10 for for ADP erjee-91 151 11 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 151 12 group group NOUN erjee-91 151 13 in in ADP erjee-91 151 14 posttest postt ADJ erjee-91 151 15 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 151 16 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 151 17 at at ADP erjee-91 151 18 posttest posttest ADV erjee-91 151 19 - - PUNCT erjee-91 151 20 r1 r1 NOUN erjee-91 151 21 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 151 22 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 151 23 at at ADP erjee-91 151 24 posttest posttest ADJ erjee-91 151 25 - - PUNCT erjee-91 151 26 r2 r2 NOUN erjee-91 151 27 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 151 28 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 151 29 at at ADP erjee-91 151 30 posttest posttest ADV erjee-91 151 31 - - PUNCT erjee-91 151 32 r1 r1 NOUN erjee-91 151 33 pearson pearson NOUN erjee-91 151 34 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 151 35 1 1 NUM erjee-91 151 36 .820 .820 NOUN erjee-91 151 37 * * PUNCT erjee-91 151 38 * * PUNCT erjee-91 151 39 sig sig X erjee-91 151 40 . . PUNCT erjee-91 152 1 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 152 2 2 2 NUM erjee-91 152 3 - - PUNCT erjee-91 152 4 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 152 5 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 152 6 .000 .000 NUM erjee-91 153 1 n n CCONJ erjee-91 153 2 22 22 NUM erjee-91 153 3 22 22 NUM erjee-91 153 4 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 153 5 g. g. NOUN erjee-91 153 6 at at ADP erjee-91 153 7 posttest posttest ADJ erjee-91 153 8 - - PUNCT erjee-91 153 9 r2 r2 NOUN erjee-91 153 10 pearson pearson NOUN erjee-91 153 11 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 153 12 .820 .820 NOUN erjee-91 153 13 * * PUNCT erjee-91 153 14 * * PROPN erjee-91 153 15 1 1 NUM erjee-91 153 16 sig sig NOUN erjee-91 153 17 . . PUNCT erjee-91 154 1 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 154 2 2 2 NUM erjee-91 154 3 - - PUNCT erjee-91 154 4 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 154 5 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 154 6 .000 .000 NUM erjee-91 155 1 n n PRON erjee-91 155 2 22 22 NUM erjee-91 155 3 22 22 NUM erjee-91 155 4 * * PUNCT erjee-91 155 5 * * NOUN erjee-91 155 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 156 1 correlation correlation NOUN erjee-91 156 2 is be AUX erjee-91 156 3 significant significant ADJ erjee-91 156 4 at at ADP erjee-91 156 5 the the DET erjee-91 156 6 0.01 0.01 NUM erjee-91 156 7 level level NOUN erjee-91 156 8 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 156 9 2 2 NUM erjee-91 156 10 - - PUNCT erjee-91 156 11 tailed tailed ADJ erjee-91 156 12 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 156 13 . . PUNCT erjee-91 157 1 faezeh faezeh PROPN erjee-91 157 2 nemati nemati PROPN erjee-91 157 3 & & CCONJ erjee-91 157 4 hamid hamid PROPN erjee-91 157 5 ashraf ashraf PROPN erjee-91 157 6 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 157 7 : : PUNCT erjee-91 157 8 a a DET erjee-91 157 9 factor factor NOUN erjee-91 157 10 to to PART erjee-91 157 11 improve improve VERB erjee-91 157 12 iranian iranian ADJ erjee-91 157 13 pre pre ADJ erjee-91 157 14 - - ADJ erjee-91 157 15 intermediate intermediate ADJ erjee-91 157 16 efl efl PROPN erjee-91 157 17 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 157 18 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 157 19 structural structural ADJ erjee-91 157 20 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 157 21 56 56 NUM erjee-91 157 22 the the DET erjee-91 157 23 null null ADJ erjee-91 157 24 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN erjee-91 157 25 was be AUX erjee-91 157 26 rejected reject VERB erjee-91 157 27 because because SCONJ erjee-91 157 28 the the DET erjee-91 157 29 experimental experimental ADJ erjee-91 157 30 group group NOUN erjee-91 157 31 outperformed outperform VERB erjee-91 157 32 the the DET erjee-91 157 33 control control NOUN erjee-91 157 34 group group NOUN erjee-91 157 35 in in ADP erjee-91 157 36 average average ADJ erjee-91 157 37 accuracy accuracy NOUN erjee-91 157 38 gains gain NOUN erjee-91 157 39 significantly significantly ADV erjee-91 157 40 . . PUNCT erjee-91 158 1 although although SCONJ erjee-91 158 2 there there PRON erjee-91 158 3 have have AUX erjee-91 158 4 been be AUX erjee-91 158 5 a a DET erjee-91 158 6 lot lot NOUN erjee-91 158 7 of of ADP erjee-91 158 8 research research NOUN erjee-91 158 9 studies study NOUN erjee-91 158 10 in in ADP erjee-91 158 11 the the DET erjee-91 158 12 literature literature NOUN erjee-91 158 13 regarding regard VERB erjee-91 158 14 the the DET erjee-91 158 15 comparative comparative ADJ erjee-91 158 16 examination examination NOUN erjee-91 158 17 of of ADP erjee-91 158 18 the the DET erjee-91 158 19 implicit implicit ADJ erjee-91 158 20 and and CCONJ erjee-91 158 21 explicit explicit ADJ erjee-91 158 22 effects effect NOUN erjee-91 158 23 of of ADP erjee-91 158 24 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 158 25 on on ADP erjee-91 158 26 form form NOUN erjee-91 158 27 , , PUNCT erjee-91 158 28 the the DET erjee-91 158 29 present present ADJ erjee-91 158 30 study study NOUN erjee-91 158 31 could could AUX erjee-91 158 32 be be AUX erjee-91 158 33 considered consider VERB erjee-91 158 34 as as ADP erjee-91 158 35 an an DET erjee-91 158 36 additional additional ADJ erjee-91 158 37 support support NOUN erjee-91 158 38 for for ADP erjee-91 158 39 noticing notice VERB erjee-91 158 40 , , PUNCT erjee-91 158 41 as as ADP erjee-91 158 42 an an DET erjee-91 158 43 explicit explicit ADJ erjee-91 158 44 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 158 45 on on ADP erjee-91 158 46 form form NOUN erjee-91 158 47 implementation implementation NOUN erjee-91 158 48 . . PUNCT erjee-91 159 1 thus thus ADV erjee-91 159 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 159 3 it it PRON erjee-91 159 4 could could AUX erjee-91 159 5 be be AUX erjee-91 159 6 further far ADV erjee-91 159 7 concluded conclude VERB erjee-91 159 8 that that SCONJ erjee-91 159 9 these these DET erjee-91 159 10 findings finding NOUN erjee-91 159 11 correspond correspond VERB erjee-91 159 12 to to ADP erjee-91 159 13 the the DET erjee-91 159 14 suggestions suggestion NOUN erjee-91 159 15 of of ADP erjee-91 159 16 long long ADJ erjee-91 159 17 and and CCONJ erjee-91 159 18 robinson robinson PROPN erjee-91 159 19 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 159 20 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 159 21 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 159 22 on on ADP erjee-91 159 23 the the DET erjee-91 159 24 need need NOUN erjee-91 159 25 to to PART erjee-91 159 26 implement implement VERB erjee-91 159 27 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 159 28 on on ADP erjee-91 159 29 form form NOUN erjee-91 159 30 implicitly implicitly ADV erjee-91 159 31 and and CCONJ erjee-91 159 32 explicitly explicitly ADV erjee-91 159 33 so so SCONJ erjee-91 159 34 that that DET erjee-91 159 35 fossilization fossilization NOUN erjee-91 159 36 is be AUX erjee-91 159 37 prevented prevent VERB erjee-91 159 38 . . PUNCT erjee-91 160 1 moreover moreover ADV erjee-91 160 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 160 3 an an DET erjee-91 160 4 alternative alternative NOUN erjee-91 160 5 to to PART erjee-91 160 6 focus focus VERB erjee-91 160 7 on on ADP erjee-91 160 8 forms form NOUN erjee-91 160 9 is be AUX erjee-91 160 10 recommended recommend VERB erjee-91 160 11 which which PRON erjee-91 160 12 is be AUX erjee-91 160 13 against against ADP erjee-91 160 14 communicative communicative ADJ erjee-91 160 15 language language NOUN erjee-91 160 16 teaching teaching NOUN erjee-91 160 17 techniques technique NOUN erjee-91 160 18 . . PUNCT erjee-91 161 1 references reference NOUN erjee-91 161 2 aski aski VERB erjee-91 161 3 , , PUNCT erjee-91 161 4 j. j. PROPN erjee-91 161 5 m. m. PROPN erjee-91 161 6 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 161 7 2003 2003 NUM erjee-91 161 8 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 161 9 . . PUNCT erjee-91 162 1 foreign foreign ADJ erjee-91 162 2 language language NOUN erjee-91 162 3 textbook textbook NOUN erjee-91 162 4 activities activity NOUN erjee-91 162 5 : : PUNCT erjee-91 162 6 keeping keep VERB erjee-91 162 7 pace pace NOUN erjee-91 162 8 with with ADP erjee-91 162 9 foreign foreign ADJ erjee-91 162 10 language language NOUN erjee-91 162 11 acquisition acquisition NOUN erjee-91 162 12 research research NOUN erjee-91 162 13 , , PUNCT erjee-91 162 14 foreign foreign ADJ erjee-91 162 15 language language NOUN erjee-91 162 16 annals annal VERB erjee-91 162 17 36:57 36:57 NUM erjee-91 162 18 - - SYM erjee-91 162 19 64 64 NUM erjee-91 162 20 . . PUNCT erjee-91 163 1 bachman bachman PROPN erjee-91 163 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 163 3 l. l. PROPN erjee-91 163 4 f. f. PROPN erjee-91 163 5 , , PUNCT erjee-91 163 6 & & CCONJ erjee-91 163 7 palmer palmer PROPN erjee-91 163 8 , , PUNCT erjee-91 163 9 a. a. PROPN erjee-91 163 10 s. s. PROPN erjee-91 163 11 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 163 12 1996 1996 NUM erjee-91 163 13 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 163 14 . . PUNCT erjee-91 164 1 language language NOUN erjee-91 164 2 testing testing NOUN erjee-91 164 3 in in ADP erjee-91 164 4 practice practice NOUN erjee-91 164 5 . . PUNCT erjee-91 165 1 oxford oxford NOUN erjee-91 165 2 : : PUNCT erjee-91 165 3 oxford oxford PROPN erjee-91 165 4 university university NOUN erjee-91 165 5 press press NOUN erjee-91 165 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 166 1 p p X erjee-91 166 2 : : PUNCT erjee-91 166 3 52 52 NUM erjee-91 166 4 . . PUNCT erjee-91 167 1 tense tense ADJ erjee-91 167 2 and and CCONJ erjee-91 167 3 aspect aspect VERB erjee-91 167 4 . . PUNCT erjee-91 168 1 tesol tesol PROPN erjee-91 168 2 quarterly quarterly ADJ erjee-91 168 3 , , PUNCT erjee-91 168 4 29 29 NUM erjee-91 168 5 , , PUNCT erjee-91 168 6 107131 107131 NUM erjee-91 168 7 . . PUNCT erjee-91 169 1 doughty doughty PROPN erjee-91 169 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 169 3 c. c. PROPN erjee-91 169 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 169 5 & & CCONJ erjee-91 169 6 williams williams PROPN erjee-91 169 7 , , PUNCT erjee-91 169 8 j. j. PROPN erjee-91 169 9 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 169 10 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 169 11 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 169 12 . . PUNCT erjee-91 170 1 pedagogical pedagogical ADJ erjee-91 170 2 choices choice NOUN erjee-91 170 3 in in ADP erjee-91 170 4 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 170 5 on on ADP erjee-91 170 6 form form NOUN erjee-91 170 7 . . PUNCT erjee-91 171 1 in in ADP erjee-91 171 2 c. c. PROPN erjee-91 171 3 doughty doughty PROPN erjee-91 171 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 171 5 & & CCONJ erjee-91 171 6 j. j. PROPN erjee-91 171 7 williams williams PROPN erjee-91 171 8 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 171 9 eds eds PROPN erjee-91 171 10 . . PUNCT erjee-91 171 11 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 171 12 , , PUNCT erjee-91 171 13 focus focus VERB erjee-91 171 14 on on ADP erjee-91 171 15 form form NOUN erjee-91 171 16 in in ADP erjee-91 171 17 classroom classroom NOUN erjee-91 171 18 second second ADJ erjee-91 171 19 language language NOUN erjee-91 171 20 acquisition acquisition NOUN erjee-91 171 21 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 171 22 pp pp ADJ erjee-91 171 23 . . PUNCT erjee-91 171 24 197261 197261 NUM erjee-91 171 25 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 171 26 . . PUNCT erjee-91 172 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN erjee-91 172 2 : : PUNCT erjee-91 172 3 cambridge cambridge PROPN erjee-91 172 4 university university PROPN erjee-91 172 5 press press NOUN erjee-91 172 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 173 1 lee lee PROPN erjee-91 173 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 173 3 j. j. PROPN erjee-91 173 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 173 5 & & CCONJ erjee-91 173 6 valdman valdman NOUN erjee-91 173 7 , , PUNCT erjee-91 173 8 a. a. NOUN erjee-91 173 9 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 173 10 2000 2000 NUM erjee-91 173 11 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 173 12 . . PUNCT erjee-91 174 1 form form NOUN erjee-91 174 2 and and CCONJ erjee-91 174 3 meaning meaning NOUN erjee-91 174 4 . . PUNCT erjee-91 175 1 multiple multiple ADJ erjee-91 175 2 perspectives perspective NOUN erjee-91 175 3 . . PUNCT erjee-91 176 1 boston boston PROPN erjee-91 176 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 176 3 ma ma PROPN erjee-91 176 4 : : PUNCT erjee-91 176 5 heinle heinle PROPN erjee-91 176 6 & & CCONJ erjee-91 176 7 heinle heinle PROPN erjee-91 176 8 . . PUNCT erjee-91 177 1 leow leow PROPN erjee-91 177 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 177 3 r. r. PROPN erjee-91 177 4 p. p. PROPN erjee-91 177 5 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 177 6 2000 2000 NUM erjee-91 177 7 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 177 8 . . PUNCT erjee-91 178 1 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 178 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 178 3 awareness awareness NOUN erjee-91 178 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 178 5 and and CCONJ erjee-91 178 6 focus focus VERB erjee-91 178 7 on on ADP erjee-91 178 8 form form NOUN erjee-91 178 9 research research NOUN erjee-91 178 10 : : PUNCT erjee-91 178 11 a a DET erjee-91 178 12 critical critical ADJ erjee-91 178 13 overview overview NOUN erjee-91 178 14 . . PUNCT erjee-91 179 1 in in ADP erjee-91 179 2 j. j. PROPN erjee-91 179 3 lee lee PROPN erjee-91 179 4 & & CCONJ erjee-91 179 5 a. a. PROPN erjee-91 179 6 valdman valdman PROPN erjee-91 179 7 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 179 8 eds ed NOUN erjee-91 179 9 . . PUNCT erjee-91 179 10 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 179 11 , , PUNCT erjee-91 179 12 form form NOUN erjee-91 179 13 and and CCONJ erjee-91 179 14 meaning meaning NOUN erjee-91 179 15 : : PUNCT erjee-91 179 16 multiple multiple ADJ erjee-91 179 17 perspectives perspective NOUN erjee-91 179 18 . . PUNCT erjee-91 180 1 boston boston PROPN erjee-91 180 2 : : PUNCT erjee-91 180 3 heinle heinle NOUN erjee-91 180 4 and and CCONJ erjee-91 180 5 heinle heinle VERB erjee-91 180 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 181 1 long long ADV erjee-91 181 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 181 3 m. m. PROPN erjee-91 181 4 h. h. PROPN erjee-91 181 5 , , PUNCT erjee-91 181 6 & & CCONJ erjee-91 181 7 robinson robinson PROPN erjee-91 181 8 , , PUNCT erjee-91 181 9 p. p. NOUN erjee-91 181 10 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 181 11 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 181 12 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 181 13 . . PUNCT erjee-91 182 1 focus focus VERB erjee-91 182 2 on on ADP erjee-91 182 3 form form NOUN erjee-91 182 4 : : PUNCT erjee-91 182 5 theory theory NOUN erjee-91 182 6 , , PUNCT erjee-91 182 7 research research NOUN erjee-91 182 8 , , PUNCT erjee-91 182 9 and and CCONJ erjee-91 182 10 practice practice NOUN erjee-91 182 11 . . PUNCT erjee-91 183 1 in in ADP erjee-91 183 2 c. c. PROPN erjee-91 183 3 doughty doughty PROPN erjee-91 183 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 183 5 & & CCONJ erjee-91 183 6 j. j. PROPN erjee-91 183 7 williams williams PROPN erjee-91 183 8 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 183 9 eds eds PROPN erjee-91 183 10 . . PUNCT erjee-91 183 11 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 183 12 , , PUNCT erjee-91 183 13 focus focus VERB erjee-91 183 14 on on ADP erjee-91 183 15 form form NOUN erjee-91 183 16 in in ADP erjee-91 183 17 classroom classroom NOUN erjee-91 183 18 second second ADJ erjee-91 183 19 language language NOUN erjee-91 183 20 acquisition acquisition NOUN erjee-91 183 21 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 183 22 pp.15 pp.15 PROPN erjee-91 183 23 - - PROPN erjee-91 183 24 41 41 NUM erjee-91 183 25 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 183 26 . . PUNCT erjee-91 184 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN erjee-91 184 2 : : PUNCT erjee-91 184 3 cambridge cambridge PROPN erjee-91 184 4 university university PROPN erjee-91 184 5 press press NOUN erjee-91 184 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 185 1 sanz sanz PROPN erjee-91 185 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 185 3 c. c. PROPN erjee-91 185 4 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 185 5 2000 2000 NUM erjee-91 185 6 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 185 7 . . PUNCT erjee-91 186 1 what what PRON erjee-91 186 2 form form NOUN erjee-91 186 3 to to PART erjee-91 186 4 focus focus VERB erjee-91 186 5 on on ADP erjee-91 186 6 ? ? PUNCT erjee-91 187 1 linguistics linguistic NOUN erjee-91 187 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 187 3 language language NOUN erjee-91 187 4 awareness awareness NOUN erjee-91 187 5 , , PUNCT erjee-91 187 6 and and CCONJ erjee-91 187 7 the the DET erjee-91 187 8 education education NOUN erjee-91 187 9 of of ADP erjee-91 187 10 l2 l2 NOUN erjee-91 187 11 teachers teacher NOUN erjee-91 187 12 . . PUNCT erjee-91 188 1 in in ADP erjee-91 188 2 j. j. PROPN erjee-91 188 3 f. f. PROPN erjee-91 188 4 lee lee PROPN erjee-91 188 5 & & CCONJ erjee-91 188 6 a.valdman a.valdman NOUN erjee-91 188 7 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 188 8 eds ed NOUN erjee-91 188 9 . . PUNCT erjee-91 188 10 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 188 11 , , PUNCT erjee-91 188 12 form form NOUN erjee-91 188 13 and and CCONJ erjee-91 188 14 meaning meaning NOUN erjee-91 188 15 : : PUNCT erjee-91 188 16 multiple multiple ADJ erjee-91 188 17 perspectives perspective NOUN erjee-91 188 18 . . PUNCT erjee-91 189 1 boston boston PROPN erjee-91 189 2 : : PUNCT erjee-91 189 3 heinle heinle NOUN erjee-91 189 4 and and CCONJ erjee-91 189 5 heinle heinle VERB erjee-91 189 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 190 1 schmidt schmidt PROPN erjee-91 190 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 190 3 r. r. PROPN erjee-91 190 4 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 190 5 1990 1990 NUM erjee-91 190 6 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 190 7 . . PUNCT erjee-91 191 1 the the DET erjee-91 191 2 role role NOUN erjee-91 191 3 of of ADP erjee-91 191 4 consciousness consciousness NOUN erjee-91 191 5 in in ADP erjee-91 191 6 second second ADJ erjee-91 191 7 language language NOUN erjee-91 191 8 learners learner NOUN erjee-91 191 9 . . PUNCT erjee-91 192 1 applied apply VERB erjee-91 192 2 linguistics linguistic NOUN erjee-91 192 3 , , PUNCT erjee-91 192 4 11(1 11(1 NUM erjee-91 192 5 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 192 6 , , PUNCT erjee-91 192 7 17 17 NUM erjee-91 192 8 - - SYM erjee-91 192 9 46 46 NUM erjee-91 192 10 . . PUNCT erjee-91 193 1 schmidt schmidt PROPN erjee-91 193 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 193 3 r. r. PROPN erjee-91 193 4 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 193 5 1990 1990 NUM erjee-91 193 6 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 193 7 . . PUNCT erjee-91 194 1 the the DET erjee-91 194 2 role role NOUN erjee-91 194 3 of of ADP erjee-91 194 4 consciousness consciousness NOUN erjee-91 194 5 in in ADP erjee-91 194 6 second second ADJ erjee-91 194 7 language language NOUN erjee-91 194 8 learning learning NOUN erjee-91 194 9 . . PUNCT erjee-91 195 1 applied apply VERB erjee-91 195 2 linguistics linguistic NOUN erjee-91 195 3 11(2 11(2 NUM erjee-91 195 4 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 195 5 , , PUNCT erjee-91 195 6 129–58 129–58 NUM erjee-91 195 7 . . PUNCT erjee-91 196 1 sharwood sharwood PROPN erjee-91 196 2 smith smith PROPN erjee-91 196 3 , , PUNCT erjee-91 196 4 m. m. NOUN erjee-91 196 5 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 196 6 1991 1991 NUM erjee-91 196 7 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 196 8 . . PUNCT erjee-91 197 1 ‘ ' PUNCT erjee-91 197 2 speaking speak VERB erjee-91 197 3 to to ADP erjee-91 197 4 many many ADJ erjee-91 197 5 minds mind NOUN erjee-91 197 6 : : PUNCT erjee-91 197 7 on on ADP erjee-91 197 8 the the DET erjee-91 197 9 relevance relevance NOUN erjee-91 197 10 of of ADP erjee-91 197 11 different different ADJ erjee-91 197 12 types type NOUN erjee-91 197 13 of of ADP erjee-91 197 14 language language NOUN erjee-91 197 15 information information NOUN erjee-91 197 16 for for ADP erjee-91 197 17 the the DET erjee-91 197 18 l2 l2 NOUN erjee-91 197 19 learner learner NOUN erjee-91 197 20 ’ ' PUNCT erjee-91 197 21 . . PUNCT erjee-91 198 1 second second ADJ erjee-91 198 2 language language NOUN erjee-91 198 3 research research NOUN erjee-91 198 4 7/2 7/2 NUM erjee-91 198 5 : : PUNCT erjee-91 198 6 118 118 NUM erjee-91 198 7 - - SYM erjee-91 198 8 32 32 NUM erjee-91 198 9 . . PUNCT erjee-91 199 1 swain swain PROPN erjee-91 199 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 199 3 m.(1995 m.(1995 PROPN erjee-91 199 4 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 199 5 . . PUNCT erjee-91 200 1 three three NUM erjee-91 200 2 functions function NOUN erjee-91 200 3 of of ADP erjee-91 200 4 output output NOUN erjee-91 200 5 in in ADP erjee-91 200 6 second second ADJ erjee-91 200 7 language language NOUN erjee-91 200 8 learning learning NOUN erjee-91 200 9 , , PUNCT erjee-91 200 10 principle principle NOUN erjee-91 200 11 and and CCONJ erjee-91 200 12 practice practice NOUN erjee-91 200 13 in in ADP erjee-91 200 14 applied applied ADJ erjee-91 200 15 linguistics linguistic NOUN erjee-91 200 16 . . PUNCT erjee-91 201 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN erjee-91 201 2 university university PROPN erjee-91 201 3 press press NOUN erjee-91 201 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 201 5 pp pp ADJ erjee-91 201 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 202 1 125–144 125–144 NUM erjee-91 202 2 . . X erjee-91 203 1 swain swain PROPN erjee-91 203 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 203 3 m. m. NOUN erjee-91 203 4 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 203 5 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 203 6 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 203 7 . . PUNCT erjee-91 204 1 focus focus VERB erjee-91 204 2 on on ADP erjee-91 204 3 form form NOUN erjee-91 204 4 through through ADP erjee-91 204 5 conscious conscious ADJ erjee-91 204 6 reflection reflection NOUN erjee-91 204 7 . . PUNCT erjee-91 205 1 in in ADP erjee-91 205 2 c. c. PROPN erjee-91 205 3 doughty doughty PROPN erjee-91 205 4 & & CCONJ erjee-91 205 5 j. j. PROPN erjee-91 205 6 williams williams PROPN erjee-91 205 7 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 205 8 eds eds PROPN erjee-91 205 9 . . PUNCT erjee-91 205 10 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 205 11 , , PUNCT erjee-91 205 12 focus focus VERB erjee-91 205 13 on on ADP erjee-91 205 14 form form NOUN erjee-91 205 15 in in ADP erjee-91 205 16 classroom classroom NOUN erjee-91 205 17 second second ADJ erjee-91 205 18 language language NOUN erjee-91 205 19 acquisition acquisition NOUN erjee-91 205 20 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 205 21 pp pp ADJ erjee-91 205 22 . . PUNCT erjee-91 206 1 64 64 NUM erjee-91 206 2 - - SYM erjee-91 206 3 81 81 NUM erjee-91 206 4 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 206 5 . . PUNCT erjee-91 207 1 new new PROPN erjee-91 207 2 york york PROPN erjee-91 207 3 : : PUNCT erjee-91 207 4 cambridge cambridge PROPN erjee-91 207 5 university university PROPN erjee-91 207 6 press press NOUN erjee-91 207 7 . . PUNCT erjee-91 208 1 swain swain PROPN erjee-91 208 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 208 3 m. m. NOUN erjee-91 208 4 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 208 5 2005 2005 NUM erjee-91 208 6 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 208 7 . . PUNCT erjee-91 209 1 the the DET erjee-91 209 2 output output NOUN erjee-91 209 3 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN erjee-91 209 4 : : PUNCT erjee-91 209 5 theory theory NOUN erjee-91 209 6 and and CCONJ erjee-91 209 7 research research NOUN erjee-91 209 8 . . PUNCT erjee-91 210 1 in in ADP erjee-91 210 2 e. e. PROPN erjee-91 210 3 hinkel hinkel PROPN erjee-91 210 4 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 210 5 ed ed NOUN erjee-91 210 6 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 210 7 handbook handbook NOUN erjee-91 210 8 tomlin tomlin PROPN erjee-91 210 9 , , PUNCT erjee-91 210 10 r.s r.s PROPN erjee-91 210 11 . . PROPN erjee-91 210 12 & & CCONJ erjee-91 210 13 villa villa PROPN erjee-91 210 14 , , PUNCT erjee-91 210 15 v. v. PROPN erjee-91 210 16 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 210 17 1994 1994 NUM erjee-91 210 18 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 210 19 . . PUNCT erjee-91 211 1 attention attention NOUN erjee-91 211 2 in in ADP erjee-91 211 3 cognitive cognitive ADJ erjee-91 211 4 science science NOUN erjee-91 211 5 and and CCONJ erjee-91 211 6 second second ADJ erjee-91 211 7 language language NOUN erjee-91 211 8 acquisition acquisition NOUN erjee-91 211 9 . . PUNCT erjee-91 212 1 studies study NOUN erjee-91 212 2 in in ADP erjee-91 212 3 second second ADJ erjee-91 212 4 language language NOUN erjee-91 212 5 acquisition acquisition NOUN erjee-91 212 6 16,183 16,183 NUM erjee-91 212 7 - - SYM erjee-91 212 8 203 203 NUM erjee-91 212 9 . . PUNCT erjee-91 213 1 williams williams PROPN erjee-91 213 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 213 3 j. j. PROPN erjee-91 213 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 213 5 & & CCONJ erjee-91 213 6 evans evans PROPN erjee-91 213 7 , , PUNCT erjee-91 213 8 j. j. PROPN erjee-91 213 9 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 213 10 1998 1998 NUM erjee-91 213 11 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 213 12 . . PUNCT erjee-91 214 1 what what PRON erjee-91 214 2 kind kind NOUN erjee-91 214 3 of of ADP erjee-91 214 4 focus focus NOUN erjee-91 214 5 and and CCONJ erjee-91 214 6 on on ADP erjee-91 214 7 which which DET erjee-91 214 8 form form NOUN erjee-91 214 9 ? ? PUNCT erjee-91 215 1 in in ADP erjee-91 215 2 c. c. PROPN erjee-91 215 3 doughty doughty PROPN erjee-91 215 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 215 5 & & CCONJ erjee-91 215 6 j. j. PROPN erjee-91 215 7 williams williams PROPN erjee-91 215 8 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 215 9 eds eds PROPN erjee-91 215 10 . . PUNCT erjee-91 215 11 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 215 12 , , PUNCT erjee-91 215 13 focus focus VERB erjee-91 215 14 on on ADP erjee-91 215 15 form form NOUN erjee-91 215 16 in in ADP erjee-91 215 17 classroom classroom NOUN erjee-91 215 18 second second ADJ erjee-91 215 19 language language NOUN erjee-91 215 20 acquisition acquisition NOUN erjee-91 215 21 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 215 22 pp pp ADJ erjee-91 215 23 . . PUNCT erjee-91 216 1 139 139 NUM erjee-91 216 2 - - SYM erjee-91 216 3 155 155 NUM erjee-91 216 4 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 216 5 . . PUNCT erjee-91 217 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN erjee-91 217 2 : : PUNCT erjee-91 217 3 cambridge cambridge PROPN erjee-91 217 4 university university PROPN erjee-91 217 5 press press NOUN erjee-91 217 6 . . PUNCT erjee-91 218 1 wong wong PROPN erjee-91 218 2 , , PUNCT erjee-91 218 3 w. w. PROPN erjee-91 218 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 218 5 & & CCONJ erjee-91 218 6 vanpatten vanpatten VERB erjee-91 218 7 , , PUNCT erjee-91 218 8 b. b. PROPN erjee-91 218 9 ( ( PUNCT erjee-91 218 10 2003 2003 NUM erjee-91 218 11 ) ) PUNCT erjee-91 218 12 . . PUNCT erjee-91 219 1 the the DET erjee-91 219 2 evidence evidence NOUN erjee-91 219 3 is be AUX erjee-91 219 4 in in ADP erjee-91 219 5 : : PUNCT erjee-91 219 6 drills drill NOUN erjee-91 219 7 are be AUX erjee-91 219 8 out out ADP erjee-91 219 9 . . PUNCT erjee-91 220 1 foreign foreign ADJ erjee-91 220 2 language language NOUN erjee-91 220 3 annals annal NOUN erjee-91 220 4 , , PUNCT erjee-91 220 5 36 36 NUM erjee-91 220 6 , , PUNCT erjee-91 220 7 403‐423 403‐423 NUM erjee-91 220 8 . . PUNCT