id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
essd-1131	1	1	http://www.press.ierek.com	http://www.press.ierek.com	PROPN
essd-1131	1	2	issn	issn	PROPN
essd-1131	1	3	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	4	print	print	NOUN
essd-1131	1	5	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	6	2357	2357	NUM
essd-1131	1	7	-	-	SYM
essd-1131	1	8	0849	0849	NUM
essd-1131	1	9	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	10	online	online	ADJ
essd-1131	1	11	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	12	2357	2357	NUM
essd-1131	1	13	-	-	SYM
essd-1131	1	14	0857	0857	NUM
essd-1131	1	15	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	16	environmental	environmental	ADJ
essd-1131	1	17	science	science	NOUN
essd-1131	1	18	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	1	19	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
essd-1131	1	20	development	development	NOUN
essd-1131	1	21	pg	pg	NOUN
essd-1131	1	22	.	.	PROPN
essd-1131	1	23	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	1	24	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	1	25	paper	paper	NOUN
essd-1131	1	26	received	receive	VERB
essd-1131	1	27	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	28	7	7	NUM
essd-1131	1	29	october	october	NOUN
essd-1131	1	30	2024	2024	NUM
essd-1131	1	31	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	32	accepted	accept	VERB
essd-1131	1	33	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	34	27	27	NUM
essd-1131	1	35	november	november	NOUN
essd-1131	1	36	2024	2024	NUM
essd-1131	1	37	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	38	published	publish	VERB
essd-1131	1	39	online	online	ADV
essd-1131	1	40	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	41	31	31	NUM
essd-1131	1	42	december	december	PROPN
essd-1131	1	43	2024	2024	NUM
essd-1131	1	44	doi	doi	NOUN
essd-1131	1	45	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	46	10.21625	10.21625	NUM
essd-1131	1	47	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	1	48	essd.v9i4.1131	essd.v9i4.1131	NUM
essd-1131	1	49	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	1	50	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	1	51	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	1	52	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	1	53	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	1	54	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	1	55	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	1	56	different	different	ADJ
essd-1131	1	57	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	1	58	conditions	condition	NOUN
essd-1131	1	59	shuang	shuang	PROPN
essd-1131	1	60	tan1	tan1	PROPN
essd-1131	1	61	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	1	62	lu	lu	PROPN
essd-1131	1	63	zhang1	zhang1	PROPN
essd-1131	1	64	*	*	PROPN
essd-1131	2	1	1school	1school	NUM
essd-1131	2	2	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	2	3	civil	civil	ADJ
essd-1131	2	4	engineering	engineering	NOUN
essd-1131	2	5	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	2	6	chongqing	chongqing	PROPN
essd-1131	2	7	university	university	NOUN
essd-1131	2	8	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	2	9	chongqing	chongqe	VERB
essd-1131	2	10	400045	400045	NUM
essd-1131	2	11	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	2	12	china	china	PROPN
essd-1131	2	13	abstract	abstract	NOUN
essd-1131	2	14	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	2	15	preventing	prevent	VERB
essd-1131	2	16	large	large	ADJ
essd-1131	2	17	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	2	18	scale	scale	NOUN
essd-1131	2	19	congestion	congestion	NOUN
essd-1131	2	20	caused	cause	VERB
essd-1131	2	21	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	2	22	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	2	23	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	2	24	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	2	25	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	2	26	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	2	27	both	both	CCONJ
essd-1131	2	28	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	2	29	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	2	30	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	2	31	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	2	32	methods	method	NOUN
essd-1131	2	33	were	be	AUX
essd-1131	2	34	employed	employ	VERB
essd-1131	2	35	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	2	36	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	2	37	the	the	DET
essd-1131	2	38	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	2	39	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	2	40	the	the	DET
essd-1131	2	41	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	2	42	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	2	43	analyzed	analyze	VERB
essd-1131	2	44	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	2	45	a	a	DET
essd-1131	2	46	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	2	47	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	2	48	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	2	49	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	3	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	3	2	details	detail	NOUN
essd-1131	3	3	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	3	4	the	the	DET
essd-1131	3	5	proposed	propose	VERB
essd-1131	3	6	methods	method	NOUN
essd-1131	3	7	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	3	8	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	3	9	firstly	firstly	ADV
essd-1131	3	10	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	3	11	a	a	DET
essd-1131	3	12	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	3	13	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	3	14	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	3	15	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	3	16	constructed	construct	VERB
essd-1131	3	17	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	3	18	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	3	19	geographic	geographic	ADJ
essd-1131	3	20	information	information	NOUN
essd-1131	3	21	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	3	22	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	3	23	gis	gis	NOUN
essd-1131	3	24	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	3	25	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	3	26	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	3	27	the	the	DET
essd-1131	3	28	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	3	29	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	3	30	data	datum	NOUN
essd-1131	3	31	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	3	32	a	a	DET
essd-1131	3	33	provincial	provincial	ADJ
essd-1131	3	34	city	city	NOUN
essd-1131	3	35	during	during	ADP
essd-1131	3	36	peak	peak	NOUN
essd-1131	3	37	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	3	38	hours	hour	NOUN
essd-1131	3	39	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	3	40	obtained	obtain	VERB
essd-1131	3	41	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	3	42	python	python	PROPN
essd-1131	3	43	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	4	1	then	then	ADV
essd-1131	4	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	4	3	the	the	DET
essd-1131	4	4	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	4	5	data	datum	NOUN
essd-1131	4	6	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	4	7	origin	origin	NOUN
essd-1131	4	8	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	4	9	destination	destination	NOUN
essd-1131	4	10	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	4	11	od	od	NOUN
essd-1131	4	12	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	4	13	pairs	pair	NOUN
essd-1131	4	14	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	4	15	the	the	DET
essd-1131	4	16	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	4	17	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	4	18	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	4	19	normal	normal	ADJ
essd-1131	4	20	operation	operation	NOUN
essd-1131	4	21	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	4	22	obtained	obtain	VERB
essd-1131	4	23	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	4	24	od	od	PROPN
essd-1131	4	25	estimation	estimation	NOUN
essd-1131	4	26	module	module	NOUN
essd-1131	4	27	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	4	28	transcad	transcad	ADJ
essd-1131	4	29	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	4	30	the	the	DET
essd-1131	4	31	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	4	32	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	4	33	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	4	34	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	4	35	modeled	model	VERB
essd-1131	4	36	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	4	37	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	4	38	the	the	DET
essd-1131	4	39	actual	actual	ADJ
essd-1131	4	40	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	4	41	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	4	42	distribution	distribution	NOUN
essd-1131	4	43	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	5	1	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
essd-1131	5	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	5	3	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	5	4	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	5	5	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	5	6	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	5	7	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	5	8	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	5	9	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	5	10	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	5	11	volume	volume	NOUN
essd-1131	5	12	were	be	AUX
essd-1131	5	13	conducted	conduct	VERB
essd-1131	5	14	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	5	15	the	the	DET
essd-1131	5	16	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	5	17	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	5	18	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	6	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	6	2	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	6	3	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	6	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	6	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	6	6	attacked	attack	VERB
essd-1131	6	7	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	6	8	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	6	9	reallocated	reallocate	VERB
essd-1131	6	10	according	accord	VERB
essd-1131	6	11	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	6	12	a	a	DET
essd-1131	6	13	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	6	14	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	6	15	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	6	16	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	6	17	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	6	18	the	the	DET
essd-1131	6	19	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	6	20	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	6	21	the	the	DET
essd-1131	6	22	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	6	23	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	6	24	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	6	25	assessed	assess	VERB
essd-1131	6	26	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	6	27	topological	topological	ADJ
essd-1131	6	28	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	6	29	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	6	30	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	6	31	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	6	32	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	7	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	7	2	results	result	NOUN
essd-1131	7	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
essd-1131	7	4	that	that	SCONJ
essd-1131	7	5	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	7	6	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	7	7	the	the	DET
essd-1131	7	8	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	7	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	7	10	considering	consider	VERB
essd-1131	7	11	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	7	12	failures	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	7	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	7	14	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	7	15	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	7	16	have	have	VERB
essd-1131	7	17	a	a	DET
essd-1131	7	18	more	more	ADV
essd-1131	7	19	significant	significant	ADJ
essd-1131	7	20	impact	impact	NOUN
essd-1131	7	21	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	7	22	high	high	ADJ
essd-1131	7	23	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	7	24	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	7	25	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	7	26	compared	compare	VERB
essd-1131	7	27	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	7	28	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	7	29	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	7	30	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	7	31	the	the	DET
essd-1131	7	32	same	same	ADJ
essd-1131	7	33	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	7	34	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	7	35	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	7	36	steps	step	NOUN
essd-1131	7	37	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	8	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
essd-1131	8	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	8	3	future	future	ADJ
essd-1131	8	4	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	8	5	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	8	6	management	management	NOUN
essd-1131	8	7	should	should	AUX
essd-1131	8	8	focus	focus	VERB
essd-1131	8	9	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	8	10	ensuring	ensure	VERB
essd-1131	8	11	the	the	DET
essd-1131	8	12	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	8	13	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	8	14	high	high	ADJ
essd-1131	8	15	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	8	16	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	8	17	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	8	18	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	8	19	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	8	20	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	8	21	prevent	prevent	VERB
essd-1131	8	22	it	it	PRON
essd-1131	8	23	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	8	24	becoming	become	VERB
essd-1131	8	25	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ
essd-1131	8	26	due	due	ADJ
essd-1131	8	27	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	8	28	excessive	excessive	ADJ
essd-1131	8	29	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	8	30	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	8	31	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	9	1	©	©	ADP
essd-1131	9	2	2024	2024	NUM
essd-1131	9	3	the	the	DET
essd-1131	9	4	authors	author	NOUN
essd-1131	9	5	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	10	1	published	publish	VERB
essd-1131	10	2	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	10	3	ierek	ierek	PROPN
essd-1131	10	4	press	press	NOUN
essd-1131	10	5	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	11	1	this	this	PRON
essd-1131	11	2	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	11	3	an	an	DET
essd-1131	11	4	open	open	ADJ
essd-1131	11	5	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	11	6	access	access	NOUN
essd-1131	11	7	article	article	NOUN
essd-1131	11	8	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	11	9	the	the	DET
essd-1131	11	10	cc	cc	NOUN
essd-1131	11	11	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	11	12	license	license	NOUN
essd-1131	11	13	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	11	14	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
essd-1131	11	15	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	11	16	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	12	1	peer	peer	NOUN
essd-1131	12	2	review	review	NOUN
essd-1131	12	3	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	12	4	the	the	DET
essd-1131	12	5	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
essd-1131	12	6	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	12	7	essd	essd	NOUN
essd-1131	12	8	’s	’s	PART
essd-1131	12	9	international	international	ADJ
essd-1131	12	10	scientific	scientific	ADJ
essd-1131	12	11	committee	committee	NOUN
essd-1131	12	12	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	12	13	reviewers	reviewer	NOUN
essd-1131	12	14	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	13	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
essd-1131	13	2	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	13	3	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	13	4	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	13	5	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	13	6	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	13	7	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	13	8	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	13	9	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	13	10	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	13	11	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	13	12	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	13	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	13	14	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	13	15	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	13	16	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	14	1	1	1	X
essd-1131	14	2	.	.	X
essd-1131	14	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
essd-1131	14	4	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	14	5	a	a	DET
essd-1131	14	6	critical	critical	ADJ
essd-1131	14	7	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
essd-1131	14	8	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	14	9	modern	modern	ADJ
essd-1131	14	10	cities	city	NOUN
essd-1131	14	11	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	14	12	the	the	DET
essd-1131	14	13	functionality	functionality	NOUN
essd-1131	14	14	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	14	15	the	the	DET
essd-1131	14	16	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	14	17	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	14	18	directly	directly	ADV
essd-1131	14	19	impacts	impact	VERB
essd-1131	14	20	economic	economic	ADJ
essd-1131	14	21	development	development	NOUN
essd-1131	14	22	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	14	23	social	social	ADJ
essd-1131	14	24	activities	activity	NOUN
essd-1131	14	25	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	14	26	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	14	27	emergency	emergency	NOUN
essd-1131	14	28	response	response	NOUN
essd-1131	14	29	capabilities	capability	NOUN
essd-1131	14	30	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	15	1	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	15	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	15	3	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN
essd-1131	15	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	15	5	urbanization	urbanization	NOUN
essd-1131	15	6	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	15	7	increased	increase	VERB
essd-1131	15	8	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	15	9	demand	demand	NOUN
essd-1131	15	10	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	15	11	the	the	DET
essd-1131	15	12	frequency	frequency	NOUN
essd-1131	15	13	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	15	14	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	15	15	accidents	accident	NOUN
essd-1131	15	16	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	15	17	congestion	congestion	NOUN
essd-1131	15	18	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	15	19	rising	rise	VERB
essd-1131	15	20	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	16	1	particularly	particularly	ADV
essd-1131	16	2	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	16	3	the	the	DET
essd-1131	16	4	face	face	NOUN
essd-1131	16	5	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	16	6	emergencies	emergency	NOUN
essd-1131	16	7	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	16	8	human	human	ADJ
essd-1131	16	9	disruptions	disruption	NOUN
essd-1131	16	10	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	16	11	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	16	12	example	example	NOUN
essd-1131	16	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	16	14	houston	houston	PROPN
essd-1131	16	15	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	16	16	hit	hit	VERB
essd-1131	16	17	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	16	18	hurricane	hurricane	NOUN
essd-1131	16	19	"	"	PUNCT
essd-1131	16	20	rita	rita	PROPN
essd-1131	16	21	"	"	PUNCT
essd-1131	16	22	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	16	23	several	several	ADJ
essd-1131	16	24	major	major	ADJ
essd-1131	16	25	roads	road	NOUN
essd-1131	16	26	out	out	ADP
essd-1131	16	27	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	16	28	the	the	DET
essd-1131	16	29	city	city	NOUN
essd-1131	16	30	were	be	AUX
essd-1131	16	31	congested	congest	VERB
essd-1131	16	32	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	16	33	hundreds	hundred	NOUN
essd-1131	16	34	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	16	35	kilometers	kilometer	NOUN
essd-1131	16	36	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	16	37	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	16	38	beijing	beijing	PROPN
essd-1131	16	39	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	16	40	paralyzed	paralyze	VERB
essd-1131	16	41	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	16	42	heavy	heavy	ADJ
essd-1131	16	43	rain	rain	NOUN
essd-1131	16	44	caused	cause	VERB
essd-1131	16	45	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	16	46	a	a	DET
essd-1131	16	47	large	large	ADJ
essd-1131	16	48	area	area	NOUN
essd-1131	16	49	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	16	50	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	16	51	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	16	52	the	the	DET
essd-1131	16	53	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	16	54	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	16	55	the	the	DET
essd-1131	16	56	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	16	57	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	16	58	largely	largely	ADV
essd-1131	16	59	determines	determine	VERB
essd-1131	16	60	its	its	PRON
essd-1131	16	61	overall	overall	ADJ
essd-1131	16	62	performance	performance	NOUN
essd-1131	16	63	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	17	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
essd-1131	17	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	17	3	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
essd-1131	17	4	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	17	5	enhancing	enhance	VERB
essd-1131	17	6	the	the	DET
essd-1131	17	7	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	17	8	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	17	9	the	the	DET
essd-1131	17	10	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	17	11	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	17	12	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	17	13	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	17	14	significant	significant	ADJ
essd-1131	17	15	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	17	16	importance	importance	NOUN
essd-1131	17	17	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	17	18	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	17	19	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	17	20	management	management	NOUN
essd-1131	17	21	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	18	1	gao	gao	PROPN
essd-1131	18	2	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	18	3	shi	shi	PROPN
essd-1131	18	4	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	18	5	2007	2007	NUM
essd-1131	18	6	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	18	7	researched	research	VERB
essd-1131	18	8	the	the	DET
essd-1131	18	9	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	18	10	's	's	PART
essd-1131	18	11	anti	anti	ADJ
essd-1131	18	12	-	-	ADJ
essd-1131	18	13	destruction	destruction	ADJ
essd-1131	18	14	reliability	reliability	NOUN
essd-1131	18	15	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	18	16	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	18	17	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	18	18	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	18	19	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	19	1	they	they	PRON
essd-1131	19	2	conducted	conduct	VERB
essd-1131	19	3	a	a	DET
essd-1131	19	4	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
essd-1131	19	5	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
essd-1131	19	6	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	19	7	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	19	8	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	19	9	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	19	10	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	19	11	topology	topology	NOUN
essd-1131	19	12	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	19	13	passenger	passenger	NOUN
essd-1131	19	14	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	19	15	distribution	distribution	NOUN
essd-1131	19	16	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	19	17	providing	provide	VERB
essd-1131	19	18	a	a	DET
essd-1131	19	19	significant	significant	ADJ
essd-1131	19	20	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
essd-1131	19	21	basis	basis	NOUN
essd-1131	19	22	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	19	23	improving	improve	VERB
essd-1131	19	24	the	the	DET
essd-1131	19	25	structure	structure	NOUN
essd-1131	19	26	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	19	27	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	19	28	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	19	29	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	19	30	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	20	1	wang	wang	PROPN
essd-1131	20	2	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	20	3	yang	yang	PROPN
essd-1131	20	4	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	20	5	2009	2009	NUM
essd-1131	20	6	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	20	7	investigated	investigate	VERB
essd-1131	20	8	the	the	DET
essd-1131	20	9	http://www.press.ierek.com/	http://www.press.ierek.com/	PROPN
essd-1131	20	10	https://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.21625/essd.v9i4.1131&domain=press.ierek.com	https://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.21625/essd.v9i4.1131&domain=press.ierek.com	X
essd-1131	20	11	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
essd-1131	20	12	zhang/	zhang/	NUM
essd-1131	20	13	environmental	environmental	ADJ
essd-1131	20	14	science	science	NOUN
essd-1131	20	15	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	20	16	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
essd-1131	20	17	development	development	NOUN
essd-1131	20	18	pg	pg	NOUN
essd-1131	20	19	.	.	PROPN
essd-1131	20	20	2	2	NUM
essd-1131	20	21	complex	complex	ADJ
essd-1131	20	22	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	20	23	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
essd-1131	20	24	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	20	25	shanghai	shanghai	PROPN
essd-1131	20	26	's	's	PART
essd-1131	20	27	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	20	28	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	20	29	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	20	30	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	20	31	features	feature	NOUN
essd-1131	20	32	such	such	ADJ
essd-1131	20	33	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	20	34	degree	degree	NOUN
essd-1131	20	35	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	20	36	clustering	clustering	ADJ
essd-1131	20	37	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
essd-1131	20	38	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	21	1	duan	duan	PROPN
essd-1131	21	2	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	21	3	2010	2010	NUM
essd-1131	21	4	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	21	5	proposed	propose	VERB
essd-1131	21	6	a	a	DET
essd-1131	21	7	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	21	8	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	21	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	21	10	method	method	NOUN
essd-1131	21	11	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	21	12	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	21	13	a	a	DET
essd-1131	21	14	bipartite	bipartite	PROPN
essd-1131	21	15	graph	graph	NOUN
essd-1131	21	16	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	21	17	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	21	18	studying	study	VERB
essd-1131	21	19	the	the	DET
essd-1131	21	20	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	21	21	differences	difference	NOUN
essd-1131	21	22	between	between	ADP
essd-1131	21	23	beijing	beijing	PROPN
essd-1131	21	24	's	's	PART
essd-1131	21	25	bus	bus	NOUN
essd-1131	21	26	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	21	27	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	21	28	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	21	29	networks	network	NOUN
essd-1131	21	30	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	21	31	various	various	ADJ
essd-1131	21	32	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	21	33	conditions.gao	conditions.gao	PRON
essd-1131	21	34	peng	peng	PROPN
essd-1131	21	35	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	21	36	hu	hu	PROPN
essd-1131	21	37	jianbo	jianbo	PROPN
essd-1131	21	38	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	21	39	2013	2013	NUM
essd-1131	21	40	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	21	41	researched	research	VERB
essd-1131	21	42	the	the	DET
essd-1131	21	43	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	21	44	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	21	45	beijing	beijing	PROPN
essd-1131	21	46	's	's	PART
essd-1131	21	47	urban	urban	PROPN
essd-1131	21	48	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	21	49	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	21	50	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	21	51	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	21	52	different	different	ADJ
essd-1131	21	53	weights	weight	NOUN
essd-1131	21	54	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	21	55	calculating	calculate	VERB
essd-1131	21	56	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	21	57	optimizing	optimize	VERB
essd-1131	21	58	the	the	DET
essd-1131	21	59	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	21	60	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	21	61	weighting	weight	VERB
essd-1131	21	62	different	different	ADJ
essd-1131	21	63	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	21	64	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	21	65	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	22	1	li	li	PROPN
essd-1131	22	2	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	22	3	2016	2016	NUM
essd-1131	22	4	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	22	5	studied	study	VERB
essd-1131	22	6	the	the	DET
essd-1131	22	7	anti	anti	ADJ
essd-1131	22	8	-	-	ADJ
essd-1131	22	9	destruction	destruction	ADJ
essd-1131	22	10	capabilities	capability	NOUN
essd-1131	22	11	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	22	12	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	22	13	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	22	14	networks	network	NOUN
essd-1131	22	15	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	22	16	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	22	17	their	their	PRON
essd-1131	22	18	topological	topological	ADJ
essd-1131	22	19	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
essd-1131	22	20	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	22	21	identified	identify	VERB
essd-1131	22	22	key	key	ADJ
essd-1131	22	23	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	22	24	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	22	25	city	city	NOUN
essd-1131	22	26	management	management	NOUN
essd-1131	22	27	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	23	1	wang	wang	PROPN
essd-1131	23	2	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	23	3	2016	2016	NUM
essd-1131	23	4	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	23	5	examined	examine	VERB
essd-1131	23	6	wuhan	wuhan	PROPN
essd-1131	23	7	's	's	PART
essd-1131	23	8	public	public	ADJ
essd-1131	23	9	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	23	10	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	23	11	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	23	12	node	node	NOUN
essd-1131	23	13	degree	degree	NOUN
essd-1131	23	14	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	23	15	clustering	clustering	ADJ
essd-1131	23	16	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
essd-1131	23	17	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	23	18	finding	find	VERB
essd-1131	23	19	that	that	SCONJ
essd-1131	23	20	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	23	21	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	23	22	high	high	ADJ
essd-1131	23	23	degree	degree	NOUN
essd-1131	23	24	values	value	NOUN
essd-1131	23	25	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	23	26	clustering	clustering	ADJ
essd-1131	23	27	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
essd-1131	23	28	have	have	VERB
essd-1131	23	29	excellent	excellent	ADJ
essd-1131	23	30	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
essd-1131	23	31	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	23	32	though	though	SCONJ
essd-1131	23	33	they	they	PRON
essd-1131	23	34	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	23	35	not	not	PART
essd-1131	23	36	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
essd-1131	23	37	the	the	DET
essd-1131	23	38	busiest	busy	ADJ
essd-1131	23	39	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	23	40	actual	actual	ADJ
essd-1131	23	41	bus	bus	NOUN
essd-1131	23	42	routes	route	NOUN
essd-1131	23	43	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	24	1	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	24	2	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	24	3	this	this	PRON
essd-1131	24	4	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	24	5	relevant	relevant	ADJ
essd-1131	24	6	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
essd-1131	24	7	were	be	AUX
essd-1131	24	8	proposed	propose	VERB
essd-1131	24	9	to	to	PART
essd-1131	24	10	address	address	VERB
essd-1131	24	11	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	24	12	congestion	congestion	NOUN
essd-1131	24	13	issues	issue	NOUN
essd-1131	24	14	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	25	1	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	25	2	recent	recent	ADJ
essd-1131	25	3	years	year	NOUN
essd-1131	25	4	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	25	5	lu	lu	PROPN
essd-1131	25	6	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	25	7	guo	guo	PROPN
essd-1131	25	8	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	25	9	2018	2018	NUM
essd-1131	25	10	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	25	11	researched	research	VERB
essd-1131	25	12	the	the	DET
essd-1131	25	13	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	25	14	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	25	15	shanghai	shanghai	PROPN
essd-1131	25	16	's	's	PART
essd-1131	25	17	bus	bus	NOUN
essd-1131	25	18	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	25	19	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	25	20	found	find	VERB
essd-1131	25	21	that	that	SCONJ
essd-1131	25	22	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	25	23	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	25	24	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	25	25	more	more	ADV
essd-1131	25	26	robust	robust	ADJ
essd-1131	25	27	than	than	ADP
essd-1131	25	28	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	25	29	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	25	30	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	26	1	tran	tran	PROPN
essd-1131	26	2	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	26	3	2019	2019	NUM
essd-1131	26	4	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	26	5	studied	study	VERB
essd-1131	26	6	the	the	DET
essd-1131	26	7	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	26	8	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	26	9	vietnam	vietnam	PROPN
essd-1131	26	10	's	's	PART
essd-1131	26	11	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	26	12	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	26	13	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	26	14	topological	topological	ADJ
essd-1131	26	15	metrics	metric	NOUN
essd-1131	26	16	such	such	ADJ
essd-1131	26	17	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	26	18	average	average	ADJ
essd-1131	26	19	path	path	NOUN
essd-1131	26	20	length	length	NOUN
essd-1131	26	21	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	26	22	global	global	ADJ
essd-1131	26	23	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	26	24	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	26	25	considering	consider	VERB
essd-1131	26	26	both	both	CCONJ
essd-1131	26	27	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	26	28	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	26	29	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	26	30	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	26	31	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	27	1	qiang	qiang	PROPN
essd-1131	27	2	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	27	3	zhao	zhao	PROPN
essd-1131	27	4	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	27	5	2019	2019	NUM
essd-1131	27	6	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	27	7	established	establish	VERB
essd-1131	27	8	a	a	DET
essd-1131	27	9	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
essd-1131	27	10	transport	transport	NOUN
essd-1131	27	11	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	27	12	topology	topology	NOUN
essd-1131	27	13	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	27	14	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	27	15	complex	complex	ADJ
essd-1131	27	16	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	27	17	principles	principle	NOUN
essd-1131	27	18	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	27	19	comparing	compare	VERB
essd-1131	27	20	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	27	21	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
essd-1131	27	22	through	through	ADP
essd-1131	27	23	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	27	24	feature	feature	NOUN
essd-1131	27	25	metrics	metric	NOUN
essd-1131	27	26	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	28	1	jin	jin	NOUN
essd-1131	28	2	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	28	3	wang	wang	PROPN
essd-1131	28	4	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	28	5	2022	2022	NUM
essd-1131	28	6	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	28	7	built	build	VERB
essd-1131	28	8	an	an	DET
essd-1131	28	9	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
essd-1131	28	10	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	28	11	to	to	PART
essd-1131	28	12	study	study	VERB
essd-1131	28	13	the	the	DET
essd-1131	28	14	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	28	15	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	28	16	nanjing	nanjing	PROPN
essd-1131	28	17	's	's	PART
essd-1131	28	18	bus	bus	NOUN
essd-1131	28	19	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	28	20	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	28	21	mixed	mixed	ADJ
essd-1131	28	22	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	28	23	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	28	24	finding	find	VERB
essd-1131	28	25	that	that	SCONJ
essd-1131	28	26	initial	initial	ADJ
essd-1131	28	27	node	node	NOUN
essd-1131	28	28	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	28	29	has	have	VERB
essd-1131	28	30	a	a	DET
essd-1131	28	31	significant	significant	ADJ
essd-1131	28	32	impact	impact	NOUN
essd-1131	28	33	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	28	34	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	28	35	failures	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	28	36	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	29	1	li	li	PROPN
essd-1131	29	2	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	29	3	2024	2024	NUM
essd-1131	29	4	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	29	5	considers	consider	VERB
essd-1131	29	6	the	the	DET
essd-1131	29	7	impact	impact	NOUN
essd-1131	29	8	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	29	9	geological	geological	ADJ
essd-1131	29	10	hazards	hazard	NOUN
essd-1131	29	11	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	29	12	evaluates	evaluate	VERB
essd-1131	29	13	the	the	DET
essd-1131	29	14	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	29	15	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	29	16	the	the	DET
essd-1131	29	17	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	29	18	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	29	19	terms	term	NOUN
essd-1131	29	20	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	29	21	structure	structure	NOUN
essd-1131	29	22	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	29	23	performance	performance	NOUN
essd-1131	29	24	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	29	25	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	29	26	identifies	identify	VERB
essd-1131	29	27	key	key	ADJ
essd-1131	29	28	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	29	29	sections.gao	sections.gao	ADJ
essd-1131	29	30	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	29	31	2024	2024	NUM
essd-1131	29	32	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	29	33	combined	combine	VERB
essd-1131	29	34	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	29	35	the	the	DET
essd-1131	29	36	accessibility	accessibility	NOUN
essd-1131	29	37	index	index	NOUN
essd-1131	29	38	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	29	39	subway	subway	NOUN
essd-1131	29	40	stations	station	NOUN
essd-1131	29	41	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	29	42	the	the	DET
essd-1131	29	43	node	node	ADJ
essd-1131	29	44	importance	importance	NOUN
essd-1131	29	45	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
essd-1131	29	46	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	29	47	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	29	48	the	the	DET
essd-1131	29	49	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	29	50	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	29	51	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	29	52	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	29	53	constructed	construct	VERB
essd-1131	29	54	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	29	55	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	29	56	the	the	DET
essd-1131	29	57	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	29	58	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	29	59	hangzhou	hangzhou	PROPN
essd-1131	29	60	metro	metro	PROPN
essd-1131	29	61	network	network	PROPN
essd-1131	29	62	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	29	63	studied	study	VERB
essd-1131	29	64	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	29	65	taking	take	VERB
essd-1131	29	66	the	the	DET
essd-1131	29	67	global	global	ADJ
essd-1131	29	68	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	29	69	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	29	70	the	the	DET
essd-1131	29	71	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	29	72	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	29	73	the	the	DET
essd-1131	29	74	maximum	maximum	ADJ
essd-1131	29	75	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
essd-1131	29	76	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	29	77	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	29	78	the	the	DET
essd-1131	29	79	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
essd-1131	29	80	indexes	index	NOUN
essd-1131	29	81	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	30	1	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	30	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	30	3	perspective	perspective	NOUN
essd-1131	30	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	30	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	30	6	current	current	ADJ
essd-1131	30	7	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	30	8	status	status	NOUN
essd-1131	30	9	at	at	ADP
essd-1131	30	10	home	home	NOUN
essd-1131	30	11	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	30	12	abroad	abroad	ADV
essd-1131	30	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	30	14	the	the	DET
essd-1131	30	15	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	30	16	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	30	17	the	the	DET
essd-1131	30	18	complex	complex	ADJ
essd-1131	30	19	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	30	20	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	30	21	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	30	22	mainly	mainly	ADV
essd-1131	30	23	focused	focus	VERB
essd-1131	30	24	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	30	25	the	the	DET
essd-1131	30	26	bus	bus	NOUN
essd-1131	30	27	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	30	28	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	30	29	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	30	30	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	30	31	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	30	32	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	30	33	while	while	SCONJ
essd-1131	30	34	the	the	DET
essd-1131	30	35	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	30	36	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	30	37	the	the	DET
essd-1131	30	38	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	30	39	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	30	40	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	30	41	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	30	42	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	30	43	rare	rare	ADJ
essd-1131	30	44	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	31	1	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	31	2	terms	term	NOUN
essd-1131	31	3	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	31	4	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	31	5	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	31	6	methods	method	NOUN
essd-1131	31	7	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	31	8	most	most	ADJ
essd-1131	31	9	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	31	10	the	the	DET
essd-1131	31	11	studies	study	NOUN
essd-1131	31	12	focus	focus	VERB
essd-1131	31	13	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	31	14	the	the	DET
essd-1131	31	15	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	31	16	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	31	17	the	the	DET
essd-1131	31	18	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	31	19	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	31	20	after	after	ADP
essd-1131	31	21	removing	remove	VERB
essd-1131	31	22	the	the	DET
essd-1131	31	23	failed	fail	VERB
essd-1131	31	24	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	31	25	through	through	ADP
essd-1131	31	26	the	the	DET
essd-1131	31	27	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	31	28	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	31	29	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	31	30	topological	topological	ADJ
essd-1131	31	31	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
essd-1131	31	32	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	31	33	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	31	34	the	the	DET
essd-1131	31	35	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	31	36	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	31	37	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
essd-1131	31	38	index	index	NOUN
essd-1131	31	39	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	31	40	rarely	rarely	ADV
essd-1131	31	41	used	use	VERB
essd-1131	31	42	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	32	1	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	32	2	addition	addition	NOUN
essd-1131	32	3	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	32	4	the	the	DET
essd-1131	32	5	real	real	ADJ
essd-1131	32	6	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	32	7	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	32	8	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	32	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	32	10	cascade	cascade	NOUN
essd-1131	32	11	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	32	12	process	process	NOUN
essd-1131	32	13	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	32	14	not	not	PART
essd-1131	32	15	used	use	VERB
essd-1131	32	16	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	32	17	the	the	DET
essd-1131	32	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	32	19	process	process	NOUN
essd-1131	32	20	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	32	21	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	32	22	the	the	DET
essd-1131	32	23	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	32	24	lacks	lack	VERB
essd-1131	32	25	a	a	DET
essd-1131	32	26	certain	certain	ADJ
essd-1131	32	27	degree	degree	NOUN
essd-1131	32	28	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	32	29	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN
essd-1131	32	30	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	33	1	this	this	DET
essd-1131	33	2	paper	paper	NOUN
essd-1131	33	3	first	first	ADV
essd-1131	33	4	introduces	introduce	VERB
essd-1131	33	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	33	6	use	use	NOUN
essd-1131	33	7	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	33	8	the	the	DET
essd-1131	33	9	existing	exist	VERB
essd-1131	33	10	topology	topology	NOUN
essd-1131	33	11	index	index	NOUN
essd-1131	33	12	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	33	13	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	33	14	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	33	15	index	index	NOUN
essd-1131	33	16	to	to	PART
essd-1131	33	17	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
essd-1131	33	18	the	the	DET
essd-1131	33	19	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	33	20	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	33	21	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	33	22	explains	explain	VERB
essd-1131	33	23	the	the	DET
essd-1131	33	24	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
essd-1131	33	25	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	33	26	the	the	DET
essd-1131	33	27	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	33	28	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	33	29	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	33	30	adopted	adopt	VERB
essd-1131	33	31	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	33	32	this	this	DET
essd-1131	33	33	paper	paper	NOUN
essd-1131	33	34	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	34	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	34	2	real	real	ADJ
essd-1131	34	3	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	34	4	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	34	5	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	34	6	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	34	7	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	34	8	built	build	VERB
essd-1131	34	9	through	through	ADP
essd-1131	34	10	online	online	ADJ
essd-1131	34	11	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	34	12	data	datum	NOUN
essd-1131	34	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	34	14	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	34	15	the	the	DET
essd-1131	34	16	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	34	17	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	34	18	the	the	DET
essd-1131	34	19	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	34	20	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	34	21	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	34	22	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	34	23	studied	study	VERB
essd-1131	34	24	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	34	25	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	34	26	two	two	NUM
essd-1131	34	27	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	34	28	methods	method	NOUN
essd-1131	34	29	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	34	30	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	34	31	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	34	32	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	34	33	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	34	34	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	34	35	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	35	1	2	2	X
essd-1131	35	2	.	.	X
essd-1131	35	3	method	method	PROPN
essd-1131	35	4	2.1	2.1	NUM
essd-1131	35	5	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	35	6	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	35	7	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	35	8	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	35	9	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	35	10	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	35	11	roads	road	NOUN
essd-1131	35	12	the	the	DET
essd-1131	35	13	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	35	14	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	35	15	process	process	NOUN
essd-1131	35	16	refers	refer	VERB
essd-1131	35	17	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	35	18	a	a	DET
essd-1131	35	19	scenario	scenario	NOUN
essd-1131	35	20	where	where	SCONJ
essd-1131	35	21	a	a	DET
essd-1131	35	22	key	key	NOUN
essd-1131	35	23	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	35	24	a	a	DET
essd-1131	35	25	small	small	ADJ
essd-1131	35	26	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	35	27	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	35	28	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	35	29	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	35	30	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	35	31	edges	edge	VERB
essd-1131	35	32	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	35	33	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	35	34	a	a	DET
essd-1131	35	35	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	35	36	fail	fail	VERB
essd-1131	35	37	due	due	ADJ
essd-1131	35	38	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	35	39	external	external	ADJ
essd-1131	35	40	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	35	41	internal	internal	ADJ
essd-1131	35	42	factors	factor	NOUN
essd-1131	35	43	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	36	1	this	this	DET
essd-1131	36	2	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	36	3	causes	cause	VERB
essd-1131	36	4	the	the	DET
essd-1131	36	5	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	36	6	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	36	7	load	load	NOUN
essd-1131	36	8	already	already	ADV
essd-1131	36	9	assigned	assign	VERB
essd-1131	36	10	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	36	11	the	the	DET
essd-1131	36	12	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	36	13	to	to	PART
essd-1131	36	14	be	be	AUX
essd-1131	36	15	redistributed	redistribute	VERB
essd-1131	36	16	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	36	17	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	36	18	optimal	optimal	ADJ
essd-1131	36	19	paths	path	NOUN
essd-1131	36	20	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	37	1	this	this	DET
essd-1131	37	2	redistribution	redistribution	NOUN
essd-1131	37	3	can	can	AUX
essd-1131	37	4	lead	lead	VERB
essd-1131	37	5	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	37	6	other	other	ADJ
essd-1131	37	7	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	37	8	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	37	9	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	37	10	edges	edge	VERB
essd-1131	37	11	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	37	12	collapsing	collapse	VERB
essd-1131	37	13	due	due	ADJ
essd-1131	37	14	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	37	15	overload	overload	VERB
essd-1131	37	16	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	37	17	triggering	trigger	VERB
essd-1131	37	18	a	a	DET
essd-1131	37	19	chain	chain	NOUN
essd-1131	37	20	reaction	reaction	NOUN
essd-1131	37	21	that	that	PRON
essd-1131	37	22	results	result	VERB
essd-1131	37	23	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	37	24	the	the	DET
essd-1131	37	25	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	37	26	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	37	27	a	a	DET
essd-1131	37	28	large	large	ADJ
essd-1131	37	29	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	37	30	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	37	31	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	37	32	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	37	33	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	37	34	edges	edge	NOUN
essd-1131	37	35	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	37	36	within	within	ADP
essd-1131	37	37	the	the	DET
essd-1131	37	38	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	37	39	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	37	40	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	37	41	potentially	potentially	ADV
essd-1131	37	42	even	even	ADV
essd-1131	37	43	leading	lead	VERB
essd-1131	37	44	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	37	45	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	37	46	paralysis	paralysis	NOUN
essd-1131	37	47	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	38	1	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	38	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	38	3	study	study	NOUN
essd-1131	38	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	38	5	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	38	6	failures	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	38	7	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	38	8	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	38	9	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	38	10	complex	complex	ADJ
essd-1131	38	11	networks	network	NOUN
essd-1131	38	12	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	38	13	the	the	DET
essd-1131	38	14	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	38	15	load	load	NOUN
essd-1131	38	16	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	38	17	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	38	18	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	38	19	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	38	20	generally	generally	ADV
essd-1131	38	21	used	use	VERB
essd-1131	38	22	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	38	23	zuo	zuo	PROPN
essd-1131	38	24	2008	2008	NUM
essd-1131	38	25	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	38	26	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	39	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	39	2	specific	specific	ADJ
essd-1131	39	3	steps	step	NOUN
essd-1131	39	4	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	39	5	as	as	SCONJ
essd-1131	39	6	follows	follow	VERB
essd-1131	39	7	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	39	8	step	step	NOUN
essd-1131	39	9	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	39	10	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	39	11	assign	assign	VERB
essd-1131	39	12	the	the	DET
essd-1131	39	13	maximum	maximum	ADJ
essd-1131	39	14	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	39	15	𝐶𝑖	𝐶𝑖	PROPN
essd-1131	39	16	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	39	17	each	each	DET
essd-1131	39	18	segment	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	39	19	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	39	20	newman	newman	PROPN
essd-1131	39	21	1999	1999	NUM
essd-1131	39	22	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	39	23	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	2	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	3			ADP
essd-1131	40	4	=	=	PROPN
essd-1131	40	5	+	+	CCONJ
essd-1131	40	6			PROPN
essd-1131	40	7	1	1	PROPN
essd-1131	40	8	i	i	PRON
essd-1131	40	9	c	c	VERB
essd-1131	40	10	n	n	CCONJ
essd-1131	40	11	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	12	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	40	13	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	14	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	40	15	the	the	DET
essd-1131	40	16	formula	formula	NOUN
essd-1131	40	17	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	18	𝜌	𝜌	PRON
essd-1131	40	19	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	40	20	the	the	DET
essd-1131	40	21	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	40	22	parameter	parameter	NOUN
essd-1131	40	23	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	24	which	which	PRON
essd-1131	40	25	determines	determine	VERB
essd-1131	40	26	the	the	DET
essd-1131	40	27	allowable	allowable	ADJ
essd-1131	40	28	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	40	29	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	40	30	the	the	DET
essd-1131	40	31	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	40	32	segment	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	40	33	;	;	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	34	𝑛	𝑛	PRON
essd-1131	40	35	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	40	36	the	the	DET
essd-1131	40	37	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	40	38	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	40	39	lanes	lane	NOUN
essd-1131	40	40	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	40	41	the	the	DET
essd-1131	40	42	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	40	43	;	;	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	44	𝜔	𝜔	X
essd-1131	40	45	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	40	46	the	the	DET
essd-1131	40	47	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	40	48	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	40	49	per	per	ADP
essd-1131	40	50	lane	lane	NOUN
essd-1131	40	51	segment	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	40	52	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	53	referring	refer	VERB
essd-1131	40	54	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	40	55	the	the	DET
essd-1131	40	56	general	general	ADJ
essd-1131	40	57	speed	speed	NOUN
essd-1131	40	58	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	59	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	40	60	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	40	61	zhang/	zhang/	NUM
essd-1131	40	62	environmental	environmental	ADJ
essd-1131	40	63	science	science	NOUN
essd-1131	40	64	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	40	65	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
essd-1131	40	66	development	development	NOUN
essd-1131	40	67	pg	pg	NOUN
essd-1131	40	68	.	.	PROPN
essd-1131	40	69	3	3	NUM
essd-1131	40	70	parameter	parameter	NOUN
essd-1131	40	71	table	table	NOUN
essd-1131	40	72	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	40	73	different	different	ADJ
essd-1131	40	74	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	40	75	levels	level	NOUN
essd-1131	40	76	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	77	wang	wang	PROPN
essd-1131	40	78	2001	2001	NUM
essd-1131	40	79	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	40	80	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	41	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	41	2	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	41	3	capacities	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	41	4	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	41	5	expressways	expressway	NOUN
essd-1131	41	6	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	41	7	arterial	arterial	ADJ
essd-1131	41	8	roads	road	NOUN
essd-1131	41	9	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	41	10	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	41	11	secondary	secondary	ADJ
essd-1131	41	12	arterial	arterial	ADJ
essd-1131	41	13	roads	road	NOUN
essd-1131	41	14	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	41	15	set	set	VERB
essd-1131	41	16	at	at	ADP
essd-1131	41	17	1950	1950	NUM
essd-1131	41	18	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	41	19	1650	1650	NUM
essd-1131	41	20	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	41	21	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	41	22	900	900	NUM
essd-1131	41	23	pcu	pcu	PROPN
essd-1131	41	24	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	41	25	h	h	PROPN
essd-1131	41	26	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	41	27	respectively	respectively	ADV
essd-1131	41	28	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	42	1	step	step	NOUN
essd-1131	42	2	2	2	NUM
essd-1131	42	3	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	42	4	use	use	VERB
essd-1131	42	5	both	both	CCONJ
essd-1131	42	6	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	42	7	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	42	8	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	42	9	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	42	10	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	43	1	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	43	2	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	43	3	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	43	4	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	43	5	three	three	NUM
essd-1131	43	6	different	different	ADJ
essd-1131	43	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
essd-1131	43	8	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	43	9	employed	employ	VERB
essd-1131	43	10	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	43	11	targeting	target	VERB
essd-1131	43	12	edges	edge	NOUN
essd-1131	43	13	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	43	14	the	the	DET
essd-1131	43	15	maximum	maximum	ADJ
essd-1131	43	16	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	43	17	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	43	18	edges	edge	VERB
essd-1131	43	19	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	43	20	the	the	DET
essd-1131	43	21	highest	high	ADJ
essd-1131	43	22	betweenness	betweenness	NOUN
essd-1131	43	23	centrality	centrality	NOUN
essd-1131	43	24	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	43	25	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	43	26	edges	edge	NOUN
essd-1131	43	27	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	43	28	both	both	CCONJ
essd-1131	43	29	the	the	DET
essd-1131	43	30	maximum	maximum	ADJ
essd-1131	43	31	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	43	32	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	43	33	the	the	DET
essd-1131	43	34	highest	high	ADJ
essd-1131	43	35	betweenness	betweenness	NOUN
essd-1131	43	36	centrality	centrality	NOUN
essd-1131	43	37	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	44	1	step	step	NOUN
essd-1131	44	2	3	3	NUM
essd-1131	44	3	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	44	4	distribute	distribute	VERB
essd-1131	44	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	44	6	load	load	NOUN
essd-1131	44	7	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	44	8	the	the	DET
essd-1131	44	9	failed	fail	VERB
essd-1131	44	10	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	44	11	evenly	evenly	ADV
essd-1131	44	12	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	44	13	the	the	DET
essd-1131	44	14	adjacent	adjacent	ADJ
essd-1131	44	15	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	44	16	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	45	1	step	step	VERB
essd-1131	45	2	4	4	NUM
essd-1131	45	3	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	45	4	after	after	ADP
essd-1131	45	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	45	6	initial	initial	ADJ
essd-1131	45	7	distribution	distribution	NOUN
essd-1131	45	8	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	45	9	calculate	calculate	VERB
essd-1131	45	10	whether	whether	SCONJ
essd-1131	45	11	the	the	DET
essd-1131	45	12	load	load	NOUN
essd-1131	45	13	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	45	14	adjacent	adjacent	ADJ
essd-1131	45	15	edges	edge	NOUN
essd-1131	45	16	exceeds	exceed	VERB
essd-1131	45	17	the	the	DET
essd-1131	45	18	maximum	maximum	ADJ
essd-1131	45	19	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	45	20	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	45	21	those	those	DET
essd-1131	45	22	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	45	23	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	46	1	if	if	SCONJ
essd-1131	46	2	it	it	PRON
essd-1131	46	3	does	do	AUX
essd-1131	46	4	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	46	5	consider	consider	VERB
essd-1131	46	6	the	the	DET
essd-1131	46	7	segment	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	46	8	as	as	SCONJ
essd-1131	46	9	failed	failed	ADJ
essd-1131	46	10	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	46	11	repeat	repeat	VERB
essd-1131	46	12	step	step	NOUN
essd-1131	46	13	3	3	NUM
essd-1131	46	14	until	until	SCONJ
essd-1131	46	15	the	the	DET
essd-1131	46	16	load	load	NOUN
essd-1131	46	17	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	46	18	all	all	DET
essd-1131	46	19	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	46	20	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	46	21	the	the	DET
essd-1131	46	22	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	46	23	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	46	24	less	less	ADJ
essd-1131	46	25	than	than	ADP
essd-1131	46	26	their	their	PRON
essd-1131	46	27	maximum	maximum	ADJ
essd-1131	46	28	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	46	29	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	47	1	if	if	SCONJ
essd-1131	47	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	47	3	load	load	NOUN
essd-1131	47	4	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	47	5	below	below	ADP
essd-1131	47	6	the	the	DET
essd-1131	47	7	maximum	maximum	ADJ
essd-1131	47	8	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	47	9	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	47	10	the	the	DET
essd-1131	47	11	segment	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	47	12	does	do	AUX
essd-1131	47	13	not	not	PART
essd-1131	47	14	fail	fail	VERB
essd-1131	47	15	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	47	16	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	47	17	the	the	DET
essd-1131	47	18	distribution	distribution	NOUN
essd-1131	47	19	process	process	NOUN
essd-1131	47	20	stops	stop	VERB
essd-1131	47	21	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	48	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
essd-1131	48	2	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	49	1	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	49	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	49	3	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	49	4	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	49	5	networks	network	NOUN
essd-1131	49	6	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	49	7	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	49	8	topological	topological	ADJ
essd-1131	49	9	metrics	metric	NOUN
essd-1131	49	10	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	49	11	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	49	12	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	49	13	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	49	14	the	the	DET
essd-1131	49	15	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	49	16	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	49	17	a	a	DET
essd-1131	49	18	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	49	19	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	49	20	refers	refer	VERB
essd-1131	49	21	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	49	22	its	its	PRON
essd-1131	49	23	ability	ability	NOUN
essd-1131	49	24	to	to	PART
essd-1131	49	25	maintain	maintain	VERB
essd-1131	49	26	its	its	PRON
essd-1131	49	27	initial	initial	ADJ
essd-1131	49	28	state	state	NOUN
essd-1131	49	29	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	49	30	the	the	DET
essd-1131	49	31	face	face	NOUN
essd-1131	49	32	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	49	33	disturbances	disturbance	NOUN
essd-1131	49	34	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	49	35	typically	typically	ADV
essd-1131	49	36	measured	measure	VERB
essd-1131	49	37	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	49	38	the	the	DET
essd-1131	49	39	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	49	40	's	's	PART
essd-1131	49	41	performance	performance	NOUN
essd-1131	49	42	after	after	ADP
essd-1131	49	43	a	a	DET
essd-1131	49	44	disaster	disaster	NOUN
essd-1131	49	45	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	50	1	here	here	ADV
essd-1131	50	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	50	3	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	50	4	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	50	5	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	50	6	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	50	7	defined	define	VERB
essd-1131	50	8	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	50	9	the	the	DET
essd-1131	50	10	ability	ability	NOUN
essd-1131	50	11	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	50	12	the	the	DET
essd-1131	50	13	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	50	14	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	50	15	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	50	16	to	to	PART
essd-1131	50	17	remain	remain	VERB
essd-1131	50	18	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	50	19	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	50	20	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	50	21	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	50	22	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	50	23	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	50	24	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	51	1	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	51	2	failures	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	51	3	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	51	4	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	51	5	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	51	6	can	can	AUX
essd-1131	51	7	be	be	AUX
essd-1131	51	8	understood	understand	VERB
essd-1131	51	9	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	51	10	natural	natural	ADJ
essd-1131	51	11	disasters	disaster	NOUN
essd-1131	51	12	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	51	13	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
essd-1131	51	14	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	51	15	earthquakes	earthquake	NOUN
essd-1131	51	16	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	51	17	floods	flood	NOUN
essd-1131	51	18	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	51	19	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	51	20	while	while	SCONJ
essd-1131	51	21	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	51	22	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	51	23	can	can	AUX
essd-1131	51	24	be	be	AUX
essd-1131	51	25	seen	see	VERB
essd-1131	51	26	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	51	27	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	51	28	congestion	congestion	NOUN
essd-1131	51	29	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	51	30	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	51	31	control	control	NOUN
essd-1131	51	32	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	51	33	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	51	34	accidents	accident	NOUN
essd-1131	51	35	caused	cause	VERB
essd-1131	51	36	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	51	37	human	human	ADJ
essd-1131	51	38	factors	factor	NOUN
essd-1131	51	39	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	52	1	this	this	DET
essd-1131	52	2	paper	paper	NOUN
essd-1131	52	3	evaluates	evaluate	VERB
essd-1131	52	4	the	the	DET
essd-1131	52	5	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	52	6	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	52	7	the	the	DET
essd-1131	52	8	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	52	9	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	52	10	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	52	11	both	both	PRON
essd-1131	52	12	topological	topological	ADJ
essd-1131	52	13	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	52	14	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	52	15	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	52	16	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	52	17	methods	method	NOUN
essd-1131	52	18	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	53	1	2.2.1	2.2.1	NUM
essd-1131	53	2	topological	topological	ADJ
essd-1131	53	3	metrics	metric	NOUN
essd-1131	53	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	54	1	topological	topological	ADJ
essd-1131	54	2	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	54	3	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	54	4	assessing	assess	VERB
essd-1131	54	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	54	6	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	54	7	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	54	8	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	54	9	networks	network	NOUN
essd-1131	54	10	include	include	VERB
essd-1131	54	11	global	global	ADJ
essd-1131	54	12	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	54	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	54	14	average	average	ADJ
essd-1131	54	15	path	path	NOUN
essd-1131	54	16	length	length	NOUN
essd-1131	54	17	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	54	18	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
essd-1131	54	19	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	54	20	relative	relative	ADJ
essd-1131	54	21	size	size	NOUN
essd-1131	54	22	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	54	23	the	the	DET
essd-1131	54	24	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	54	25	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	54	26	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	54	27	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	54	28	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	54	29	betweenness	betweenness	NOUN
essd-1131	54	30	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	55	1	historically	historically	ADV
essd-1131	55	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	55	3	average	average	ADJ
essd-1131	55	4	shortest	short	ADJ
essd-1131	55	5	path	path	NOUN
essd-1131	55	6	length	length	NOUN
essd-1131	55	7	has	have	AUX
essd-1131	55	8	been	be	AUX
essd-1131	55	9	a	a	DET
essd-1131	55	10	common	common	ADJ
essd-1131	55	11	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
essd-1131	55	12	metric	metric	NOUN
essd-1131	55	13	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	56	1	however	however	ADV
essd-1131	56	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	56	3	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	56	4	shows	show	VERB
essd-1131	56	5	that	that	SCONJ
essd-1131	56	6	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	56	7	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	56	8	damage	damage	NOUN
essd-1131	56	9	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	56	10	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	56	11	increases	increase	NOUN
essd-1131	56	12	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	56	13	average	average	ADJ
essd-1131	56	14	path	path	NOUN
essd-1131	56	15	length	length	NOUN
essd-1131	56	16	initially	initially	ADV
essd-1131	56	17	grows	grow	VERB
essd-1131	56	18	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	56	19	then	then	ADV
essd-1131	56	20	decreases	decrease	VERB
essd-1131	56	21	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	56	22	making	make	VERB
essd-1131	56	23	it	it	PRON
essd-1131	56	24	less	less	ADV
essd-1131	56	25	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
essd-1131	56	26	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	56	27	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	56	28	purposes	purpose	NOUN
essd-1131	56	29	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	57	1	thus	thus	ADV
essd-1131	57	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	57	3	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	57	4	average	average	ADJ
essd-1131	57	5	path	path	NOUN
essd-1131	57	6	length	length	NOUN
essd-1131	57	7	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	57	8	an	an	DET
essd-1131	57	9	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
essd-1131	57	10	metric	metric	NOUN
essd-1131	57	11	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	57	12	unsuitable	unsuitable	ADJ
essd-1131	57	13	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	58	1	betweenness	betweenness	NOUN
essd-1131	58	2	accounts	account	VERB
essd-1131	58	3	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	58	4	changes	change	NOUN
essd-1131	58	5	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	58	6	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	58	7	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	58	8	edges	edge	NOUN
essd-1131	58	9	but	but	CCONJ
essd-1131	58	10	does	do	AUX
essd-1131	58	11	not	not	PART
essd-1131	58	12	consider	consider	VERB
essd-1131	58	13	overall	overall	ADJ
essd-1131	58	14	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	58	15	size	size	NOUN
essd-1131	58	16	changes	change	NOUN
essd-1131	58	17	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	59	1	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	59	2	analyzing	analyze	VERB
essd-1131	59	3	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	59	4	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	59	5	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	59	6	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	59	7	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	59	8	the	the	DET
essd-1131	59	9	clustering	clustering	ADJ
essd-1131	59	10	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
essd-1131	59	11	measures	measure	VERB
essd-1131	59	12	local	local	ADJ
essd-1131	59	13	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
essd-1131	59	14	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	59	15	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	59	16	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	59	17	limited	limited	ADJ
essd-1131	59	18	significance	significance	NOUN
essd-1131	59	19	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	59	20	assessing	assess	VERB
essd-1131	59	21	the	the	DET
essd-1131	59	22	overall	overall	ADJ
essd-1131	59	23	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	59	24	's	's	PART
essd-1131	59	25	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	59	26	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	60	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
essd-1131	60	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	60	3	this	this	DET
essd-1131	60	4	paper	paper	NOUN
essd-1131	60	5	selects	select	VERB
essd-1131	60	6	the	the	DET
essd-1131	60	7	relative	relative	ADJ
essd-1131	60	8	size	size	NOUN
essd-1131	60	9	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	60	10	the	the	DET
essd-1131	60	11	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	60	12	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	60	13	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	60	14	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	60	15	global	global	ADJ
essd-1131	60	16	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	60	17	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	60	18	the	the	DET
essd-1131	60	19	two	two	NUM
essd-1131	60	20	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	60	21	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	60	22	analyzing	analyze	VERB
essd-1131	60	23	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	60	24	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	60	25	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	60	26	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	60	27	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	60	28	providing	provide	VERB
essd-1131	60	29	a	a	DET
essd-1131	60	30	more	more	ADV
essd-1131	60	31	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
essd-1131	60	32	assessment	assessment	NOUN
essd-1131	60	33	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	60	34	the	the	DET
essd-1131	60	35	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	60	36	's	's	PART
essd-1131	60	37	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	60	38	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	61	1	（	（	PUNCT
essd-1131	61	2	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	61	3	）	）	PUNCT
essd-1131	61	4	relative	relative	ADJ
essd-1131	61	5	size	size	NOUN
essd-1131	61	6	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	61	7	the	the	DET
essd-1131	61	8	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	61	9	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	61	10	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	61	11	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	61	12	a	a	DET
essd-1131	61	13	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	61	14	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	61	15	the	the	DET
essd-1131	61	16	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	61	17	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	61	18	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	61	19	refers	refer	VERB
essd-1131	61	20	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	61	21	the	the	DET
essd-1131	61	22	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	61	23	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	61	24	the	the	DET
essd-1131	61	25	fewest	few	ADJ
essd-1131	61	26	edges	edge	NOUN
essd-1131	61	27	connecting	connect	VERB
essd-1131	61	28	all	all	DET
essd-1131	61	29	the	the	DET
essd-1131	61	30	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	61	31	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	62	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	62	2	relative	relative	ADJ
essd-1131	62	3	size	size	NOUN
essd-1131	62	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	62	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	62	6	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	62	7	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	62	8	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	62	9	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	62	10	the	the	DET
essd-1131	62	11	ratio	ratio	NOUN
essd-1131	62	12	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	62	13	the	the	DET
essd-1131	62	14	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	62	15	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	62	16	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	62	17	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	62	18	this	this	DET
essd-1131	62	19	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	62	20	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	62	21	the	the	DET
essd-1131	62	22	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	62	23	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	62	24	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	62	25	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	62	26	the	the	DET
essd-1131	62	27	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	62	28	that	that	PRON
essd-1131	62	29	have	have	AUX
essd-1131	62	30	been	be	AUX
essd-1131	62	31	attacked	attack	VERB
essd-1131	62	32	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	63	1	initially	initially	ADV
essd-1131	63	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	63	3	the	the	DET
essd-1131	63	4	relative	relative	ADJ
essd-1131	63	5	size	size	NOUN
essd-1131	63	6	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	63	7	the	the	DET
essd-1131	63	8	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	63	9	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	63	10	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	63	11	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	63	12	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	63	13	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	63	14	when	when	SCONJ
essd-1131	63	15	the	the	DET
essd-1131	63	16	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	63	17	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	63	18	attacked	attack	VERB
essd-1131	63	19	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	63	20	experiences	experience	VERB
essd-1131	63	21	an	an	DET
essd-1131	63	22	incident	incident	NOUN
essd-1131	63	23	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	63	24	its	its	PRON
essd-1131	63	25	topology	topology	NOUN
essd-1131	63	26	changes	change	NOUN
essd-1131	63	27	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	63	28	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	63	29	divided	divide	VERB
essd-1131	63	30	into	into	ADP
essd-1131	63	31	several	several	ADJ
essd-1131	63	32	subgraphs	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	63	33	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	63	34	causing	cause	VERB
essd-1131	63	35	the	the	DET
essd-1131	63	36	relative	relative	ADJ
essd-1131	63	37	size	size	NOUN
essd-1131	63	38	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	63	39	the	the	DET
essd-1131	63	40	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	63	41	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	63	42	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	63	43	to	to	PART
essd-1131	63	44	vary	vary	VERB
essd-1131	63	45	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	64	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	64	2	formula	formula	NOUN
essd-1131	64	3	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	64	4	calculating	calculate	VERB
essd-1131	64	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	64	6	relative	relative	ADJ
essd-1131	64	7	size	size	NOUN
essd-1131	64	8	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	64	9	the	the	DET
essd-1131	64	10	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	64	11	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	64	12	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	64	13	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	64	14	as	as	SCONJ
essd-1131	64	15	follows	follow	VERB
essd-1131	64	16	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	64	17	dunn	dunn	PROPN
essd-1131	64	18	2016	2016	NUM
essd-1131	64	19	):	):	PUNCT
essd-1131	65	1	=	=	PUNCT
essd-1131	65	2	v	v	PART
essd-1131	65	3	f	f	PROPN
essd-1131	65	4	n	n	PROPN
essd-1131	65	5	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	65	6	2	2	NUM
essd-1131	65	7	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	65	8	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	65	9	the	the	DET
essd-1131	65	10	formula	formula	NOUN
essd-1131	65	11	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	65	12	n	n	PRON
essd-1131	65	13	represents	represent	VERB
essd-1131	65	14	the	the	DET
essd-1131	65	15	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	65	16	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	65	17	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	65	18	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	65	19	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	65	20	v	v	NOUN
essd-1131	65	21	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	65	22	the	the	DET
essd-1131	65	23	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	65	24	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	65	25	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	65	26	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	65	27	the	the	DET
essd-1131	65	28	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	65	29	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	65	30	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	65	31	after	after	SCONJ
essd-1131	65	32	the	the	DET
essd-1131	65	33	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	65	34	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	65	35	attacked	attack	VERB
essd-1131	65	36	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	66	1	before	before	SCONJ
essd-1131	66	2	any	any	DET
essd-1131	66	3	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	66	4	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	66	5	v	v	NOUN
essd-1131	66	6	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	66	7	n	n	PRON
essd-1131	66	8	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	66	9	equal	equal	ADJ
essd-1131	66	10	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	67	1	however	however	ADV
essd-1131	67	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	67	3	when	when	SCONJ
essd-1131	67	4	the	the	DET
essd-1131	67	5	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	67	6	undergoes	undergo	VERB
essd-1131	67	7	targeted	target	VERB
essd-1131	67	8	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	67	9	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	67	10	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	67	11	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	67	12	the	the	DET
essd-1131	67	13	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	67	14	topology	topology	NOUN
essd-1131	67	15	changes	change	NOUN
essd-1131	67	16	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	67	17	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	67	18	v	v	NOUN
essd-1131	67	19	gradually	gradually	ADV
essd-1131	67	20	decreases	decrease	VERB
essd-1131	67	21	as	as	SCONJ
essd-1131	67	22	more	more	ADJ
essd-1131	67	23	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	67	24	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	67	25	attacked	attack	VERB
essd-1131	67	26	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	68	1	thus	thus	ADV
essd-1131	68	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	68	3	observing	observe	VERB
essd-1131	68	4	the	the	DET
essd-1131	68	5	relative	relative	ADJ
essd-1131	68	6	size	size	NOUN
essd-1131	68	7	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	68	8	the	the	DET
essd-1131	68	9	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	68	10	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	68	11	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	68	12	can	can	AUX
essd-1131	68	13	indicate	indicate	VERB
essd-1131	68	14	the	the	DET
essd-1131	68	15	extent	extent	NOUN
essd-1131	68	16	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	68	17	damage	damage	NOUN
essd-1131	68	18	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	68	19	the	the	DET
essd-1131	68	20	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	68	21	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	69	1	（	（	PUNCT
essd-1131	69	2	2	2	NUM
essd-1131	69	3	）	）	PUNCT
essd-1131	69	4	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	69	5	global	global	ADJ
essd-1131	69	6	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	69	7	zhang/	zhang/	NUM
essd-1131	69	8	environmental	environmental	ADJ
essd-1131	69	9	science	science	NOUN
essd-1131	69	10	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	69	11	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
essd-1131	69	12	development	development	NOUN
essd-1131	69	13	pg	pg	NOUN
essd-1131	69	14	.	.	PROPN
essd-1131	69	15	4	4	NUM
essd-1131	69	16	paolo	paolo	NOUN
essd-1131	69	17	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	69	18	vito	vito	PROPN
essd-1131	69	19	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	69	20	2004	2004	NUM
essd-1131	69	21	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	69	22	proposed	propose	VERB
essd-1131	69	23	a	a	DET
essd-1131	69	24	measure	measure	NOUN
essd-1131	69	25	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	69	26	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	69	27	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
essd-1131	69	28	called	call	VERB
essd-1131	69	29	global	global	ADJ
essd-1131	69	30	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	69	31	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	70	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	70	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	70	3	𝐸𝑖𝑗	𝐸𝑖𝑗	ADJ
essd-1131	70	4	between	between	ADP
essd-1131	70	5	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	70	6	𝑖	𝑖	X
essd-1131	70	7	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	70	8	𝑗	𝑗	X
essd-1131	70	9	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	70	10	the	the	DET
essd-1131	70	11	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	70	12	can	can	AUX
essd-1131	70	13	be	be	AUX
essd-1131	70	14	expressed	express	VERB
essd-1131	70	15	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	70	16	the	the	DET
essd-1131	70	17	reciprocal	reciprocal	NOUN
essd-1131	70	18	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	70	19	the	the	DET
essd-1131	70	20	shortest	short	ADJ
essd-1131	70	21	distance	distance	NOUN
essd-1131	70	22	𝑑𝑖𝑗	𝑑𝑖𝑗	ADV
essd-1131	70	23	between	between	ADP
essd-1131	70	24	these	these	DET
essd-1131	70	25	two	two	NUM
essd-1131	70	26	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	70	27	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	71	1	𝐸𝑖𝑗	𝐸𝑖𝑗	PROPN
essd-1131	71	2	=	=	SYM
essd-1131	71	3	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	71	4	𝑑𝑖𝑗	𝑑𝑖𝑗	INTJ
essd-1131	71	5	when	when	SCONJ
essd-1131	71	6	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	71	7	𝑖	𝑖	VERB
essd-1131	71	8	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	71	9	𝑗	𝑗	INTJ
essd-1131	71	10	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	71	11	not	not	PART
essd-1131	71	12	connected	connect	VERB
essd-1131	71	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	71	14	𝑑𝑖𝑗	𝑑𝑖𝑗	PROPN
essd-1131	71	15	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	71	16	infinite	infinite	ADJ
essd-1131	71	17	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	71	18	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	71	19	thus	thus	ADV
essd-1131	71	20	𝐸𝑖𝑗	𝐸𝑖𝑗	PROPN
essd-1131	71	21	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	71	22	0	0	NUM
essd-1131	71	23	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	72	1	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	72	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	72	3	perspective	perspective	NOUN
essd-1131	72	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	72	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	72	6	entire	entire	ADJ
essd-1131	72	7	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	72	8	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	72	9	the	the	DET
essd-1131	72	10	global	global	ADJ
essd-1131	72	11	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	72	12	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	72	13	defined	define	VERB
essd-1131	72	14	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	72	15	the	the	DET
essd-1131	72	16	average	average	NOUN
essd-1131	72	17	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	72	18	the	the	DET
essd-1131	72	19	efficiencies	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	72	20	between	between	ADP
essd-1131	72	21	all	all	DET
essd-1131	72	22	pairs	pair	NOUN
essd-1131	72	23	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	72	24	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	72	25	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	72	26	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	72	27	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	72	28	denoted	denote	VERB
essd-1131	72	29	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	72	30	𝐸𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏	𝐸𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏	PROPN
essd-1131	72	31	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	72	32	the	the	DET
essd-1131	72	33	formula	formula	NOUN
essd-1131	72	34	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	72	35	as	as	SCONJ
essd-1131	72	36	follows	follow	VERB
essd-1131	72	37	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	72	38	zhang	zhang	PROPN
essd-1131	72	39	2018	2018	NUM
essd-1131	72	40	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	72	41	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	73	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	73	2	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	73	3	=	=	SYM
essd-1131	73	4			X
essd-1131	73	5	−	−	NOUN
essd-1131	73	6	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	73	7	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	73	8	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	73	9	glob	glob	NOUN
essd-1131	73	10	ij	ij	NOUN
essd-1131	73	11	e	e	PROPN
essd-1131	73	12	dv	dv	PROPN
essd-1131	73	13	v	v	PROPN
essd-1131	73	14	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	73	15	3	3	NUM
essd-1131	73	16	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	73	17	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	73	18	the	the	DET
essd-1131	73	19	formula	formula	NOUN
essd-1131	73	20	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	73	21	|𝑉|	|𝑉|	NOUN
essd-1131	73	22	represents	represent	VERB
essd-1131	73	23	the	the	DET
essd-1131	73	24	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	73	25	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	73	26	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	73	27	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	73	28	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	73	29	𝑑𝑖𝑗	𝑑𝑖𝑗	ADV
essd-1131	73	30	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	73	31	the	the	DET
essd-1131	73	32	path	path	NOUN
essd-1131	73	33	length	length	NOUN
essd-1131	73	34	between	between	ADP
essd-1131	73	35	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	73	36	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	74	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	74	2	range	range	NOUN
essd-1131	74	3	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	74	4	𝐸𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏	𝐸𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏	PROPN
essd-1131	74	5	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	74	6	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	74	7	0	0	NUM
essd-1131	74	8	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	74	9	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	74	10	]	]	PUNCT
essd-1131	74	11	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	74	12	where	where	SCONJ
essd-1131	74	13	𝐸𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏	𝐸𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏	PROPN
essd-1131	74	14	=	=	SYM
essd-1131	74	15	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	74	16	indicates	indicate	VERB
essd-1131	74	17	that	that	SCONJ
essd-1131	74	18	any	any	DET
essd-1131	74	19	two	two	NUM
essd-1131	74	20	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	74	21	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	74	22	the	the	DET
essd-1131	74	23	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	74	24	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	74	25	directly	directly	ADV
essd-1131	74	26	connected	connect	VERB
essd-1131	74	27	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	74	28	reflecting	reflect	VERB
essd-1131	74	29	the	the	DET
essd-1131	74	30	best	good	ADJ
essd-1131	74	31	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
essd-1131	74	32	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	74	33	the	the	DET
essd-1131	74	34	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	74	35	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	75	1	2.2.2	2.2.2	NUM
essd-1131	75	2	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	75	3	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	75	4	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	75	5	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	75	6	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	75	7	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	75	8	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	75	9	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	75	10	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	75	11	principles	principle	NOUN
essd-1131	75	12	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	75	13	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	75	14	engineering	engineering	NOUN
essd-1131	75	15	to	to	PART
essd-1131	75	16	allocate	allocate	VERB
essd-1131	75	17	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	75	18	demand	demand	NOUN
essd-1131	75	19	across	across	ADP
essd-1131	75	20	various	various	ADJ
essd-1131	75	21	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	75	22	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	75	23	a	a	DET
essd-1131	75	24	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	75	25	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	75	26	quantifying	quantify	VERB
essd-1131	75	27	changes	change	NOUN
essd-1131	75	28	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	75	29	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	75	30	functionality	functionality	NOUN
essd-1131	75	31	through	through	ADP
essd-1131	75	32	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	75	33	delay	delay	NOUN
essd-1131	75	34	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	76	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	76	2	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	76	3	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	76	4	method	method	NOUN
essd-1131	76	5	calculates	calculate	VERB
essd-1131	76	6	congestion	congestion	NOUN
essd-1131	76	7	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	76	8	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	76	9	time	time	NOUN
essd-1131	76	10	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	76	11	each	each	DET
essd-1131	76	12	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	76	13	segment	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	76	14	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	76	15	can	can	AUX
essd-1131	76	16	account	account	VERB
essd-1131	76	17	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	76	18	the	the	DET
essd-1131	76	19	degradation	degradation	NOUN
essd-1131	76	20	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	76	21	the	the	DET
essd-1131	76	22	service	service	NOUN
essd-1131	76	23	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	76	24	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	76	25	basic	basic	ADJ
essd-1131	76	26	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	76	27	components	component	NOUN
essd-1131	76	28	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	76	29	its	its	PRON
essd-1131	76	30	impact	impact	NOUN
essd-1131	76	31	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	76	32	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	76	33	functionality	functionality	NOUN
essd-1131	76	34	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	77	1	typically	typically	ADV
essd-1131	77	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	77	3	total	total	ADJ
essd-1131	77	4	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	77	5	time	time	NOUN
essd-1131	77	6	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	77	7	total	total	ADJ
essd-1131	77	8	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	77	9	distance	distance	NOUN
essd-1131	77	10	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	77	11	used	use	VERB
essd-1131	77	12	to	to	PART
essd-1131	77	13	describe	describe	VERB
essd-1131	77	14	the	the	DET
essd-1131	77	15	overall	overall	ADJ
essd-1131	77	16	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	77	17	cost	cost	NOUN
essd-1131	77	18	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	77	19	the	the	DET
essd-1131	77	20	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	77	21	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	77	22	donovan	donovan	PROPN
essd-1131	77	23	2017	2017	NUM
essd-1131	77	24	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	77	25	joongmin	joongmin	NOUN
essd-1131	77	26	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	77	27	youngjoo	youngjoo	NOUN
essd-1131	77	28	2021	2021	NUM
essd-1131	77	29	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	77	30	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	78	1	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	78	2	postdisaster	postdisaster	ADJ
essd-1131	78	3	studies	study	NOUN
essd-1131	78	4	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	78	5	scholars	scholar	NOUN
essd-1131	78	6	often	often	ADV
essd-1131	78	7	measure	measure	VERB
essd-1131	78	8	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	78	9	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	78	10	functionality	functionality	NOUN
essd-1131	78	11	loss	loss	NOUN
essd-1131	78	12	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	78	13	the	the	DET
essd-1131	78	14	increase	increase	NOUN
essd-1131	78	15	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	78	16	total	total	ADJ
essd-1131	78	17	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	78	18	time	time	NOUN
essd-1131	78	19	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	78	20	total	total	ADJ
essd-1131	78	21	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	78	22	distance	distance	NOUN
essd-1131	78	23	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	79	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	79	2	calculation	calculation	NOUN
essd-1131	79	3	formula	formula	NOUN
essd-1131	79	4	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	79	5	as	as	SCONJ
essd-1131	79	6	follows	follow	VERB
essd-1131	79	7	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	79	8	donovan	donovan	PROPN
essd-1131	79	9	2017	2017	NUM
essd-1131	79	10	):	):	PUNCT
essd-1131	80	1	=	=	SYM
essd-1131	80	2			X
essd-1131	80	3			X
essd-1131	80	4			X
essd-1131	80	5			X
essd-1131	81	1	ij	ij	INTJ
essd-1131	81	2	iji	iji	VERB
essd-1131	82	1	i	i	PRON
essd-1131	82	2	j	j	PROPN
essd-1131	83	1	j	j	PROPN
essd-1131	83	2	ttt	ttt	PROPN
essd-1131	83	3	ij	ij	INTJ
essd-1131	83	4	iji	iji	VERB
essd-1131	83	5	i	i	PRON
essd-1131	84	1	j	j	PROPN
essd-1131	85	1	j	j	PROPN
essd-1131	85	2	f	f	PROPN
essd-1131	85	3	t	t	PROPN
essd-1131	85	4	q	q	PROPN
essd-1131	85	5	f	f	PROPN
essd-1131	85	6	t	t	PROPN
essd-1131	85	7	ò	ò	X
essd-1131	85	8	ò	ò	PROPN
essd-1131	85	9	ò	ò	PROPN
essd-1131	85	10	ò	ò	PROPN
essd-1131	85	11	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	85	12	4	4	NUM
essd-1131	85	13	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	85	14	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	85	15	the	the	DET
essd-1131	85	16	formula	formula	NOUN
essd-1131	85	17	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	85	18	𝑄𝑇𝑇𝑇	𝑄𝑇𝑇𝑇	PROPN
essd-1131	85	19	represents	represent	VERB
essd-1131	85	20	the	the	DET
essd-1131	85	21	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	85	22	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	85	23	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	85	24	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
essd-1131	85	25	index	index	NOUN
essd-1131	85	26	;	;	PUNCT
essd-1131	85	27	𝐹𝑖𝑗	𝐹𝑖𝑗	PROPN
essd-1131	85	28	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	85	29	𝑓𝑖𝑗	𝑓𝑖𝑗	ADJ
essd-1131	85	30	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	85	31	the	the	DET
essd-1131	85	32	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	85	33	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	85	34	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	85	35	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	85	36	segment	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	85	37	after	after	ADP
essd-1131	85	38	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	85	39	before	before	ADP
essd-1131	85	40	an	an	DET
essd-1131	85	41	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	85	42	;	;	PUNCT
essd-1131	85	43	𝑇𝑖𝑗	𝑇𝑖𝑗	PROPN
essd-1131	85	44	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	85	45	𝑡𝑖𝑗	𝑡𝑖𝑗	NOUN
essd-1131	85	46	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	85	47	the	the	DET
essd-1131	85	48	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	85	49	times	time	NOUN
essd-1131	85	50	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	85	51	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	85	52	segment	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	85	53	𝑑𝑖𝑗	𝑑𝑖𝑗	ADV
essd-1131	85	54	after	after	ADP
essd-1131	85	55	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	85	56	before	before	ADP
essd-1131	85	57	an	an	DET
essd-1131	85	58	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	85	59	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	86	1	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	86	2	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	86	3	presents	present	VERB
essd-1131	86	4	the	the	DET
essd-1131	86	5	detailed	detailed	ADJ
essd-1131	86	6	flowchart	flowchart	NOUN
essd-1131	86	7	explained	explain	VERB
essd-1131	86	8	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	86	9	the	the	DET
essd-1131	86	10	next	next	ADJ
essd-1131	86	11	subsections	subsection	NOUN
essd-1131	86	12	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	86	13	section	section	NOUN
essd-1131	86	14	3	3	NUM
essd-1131	86	15	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	86	16	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	86	17	1	1	NUM
essd-1131	86	18	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	86	19	the	the	DET
essd-1131	86	20	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	86	21	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
essd-1131	86	22	process	process	NOUN
essd-1131	86	23	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	86	24	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	86	25	roads	road	NOUN
essd-1131	86	26	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	86	27	source	source	NOUN
essd-1131	86	28	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	86	29	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	86	30	authors	author	NOUN
essd-1131	86	31	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	86	32	3	3	NUM
essd-1131	86	33	.	.	X
essd-1131	86	34	study	study	NOUN
essd-1131	86	35	area	area	NOUN
essd-1131	86	36	model	model	PROPN
essd-1131	86	37	construction	construction	NOUN
essd-1131	86	38	3.1	3.1	NUM
essd-1131	86	39	study	study	NOUN
essd-1131	86	40	area	area	NOUN
essd-1131	86	41	hefei	hefei	PROPN
essd-1131	86	42	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	86	43	located	locate	VERB
essd-1131	86	44	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	86	45	the	the	DET
essd-1131	86	46	western	western	ADJ
essd-1131	86	47	wing	wing	NOUN
essd-1131	86	48	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	86	49	the	the	DET
essd-1131	86	50	yangtze	yangtze	PROPN
essd-1131	86	51	river	river	PROPN
essd-1131	86	52	delta	delta	NOUN
essd-1131	86	53	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	86	54	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	86	55	part	part	NOUN
essd-1131	86	56	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	86	57	the	the	DET
essd-1131	86	58	"	"	PUNCT
essd-1131	86	59	yangtze	yangtze	PROPN
essd-1131	86	60	river	river	PROPN
essd-1131	86	61	delta	delta	PROPN
essd-1131	86	62	"	"	PUNCT
essd-1131	86	63	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	86	64	agglomeration	agglomeration	NOUN
essd-1131	86	65	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	87	1	it	it	PRON
essd-1131	87	2	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	87	3	one	one	NUM
essd-1131	87	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	87	5	china	china	PROPN
essd-1131	87	6	's	's	PART
essd-1131	87	7	19	19	NUM
essd-1131	87	8	megacities	megacitie	NOUN
essd-1131	87	9	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	88	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	88	2	study	study	NOUN
essd-1131	88	3	area	area	NOUN
essd-1131	88	4	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	88	5	this	this	DET
essd-1131	88	6	paper	paper	NOUN
essd-1131	88	7	includes	include	VERB
essd-1131	88	8	the	the	DET
essd-1131	88	9	main	main	ADJ
essd-1131	88	10	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	88	11	districts	district	NOUN
essd-1131	88	12	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	88	13	luyang	luyang	PROPN
essd-1131	88	14	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	88	15	shushan	shushan	INTJ
essd-1131	88	16	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	88	17	yaohai	yaohai	NOUN
essd-1131	88	18	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	88	19	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	88	20	baohe	baohe	NOUN
essd-1131	88	21	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	88	22	covering	cover	VERB
essd-1131	88	23	an	an	DET
essd-1131	88	24	area	area	NOUN
essd-1131	88	25	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	88	26	154.59	154.59	NUM
essd-1131	88	27	square	square	ADJ
essd-1131	88	28	kilometers	kilometer	NOUN
essd-1131	88	29	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	88	30	a	a	DET
essd-1131	88	31	residential	residential	ADJ
essd-1131	88	32	population	population	NOUN
essd-1131	88	33	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	88	34	zhang/	zhang/	NUM
essd-1131	88	35	environmental	environmental	ADJ
essd-1131	88	36	science	science	NOUN
essd-1131	88	37	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	88	38	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
essd-1131	88	39	development	development	NOUN
essd-1131	88	40	pg	pg	NOUN
essd-1131	88	41	.	.	PROPN
essd-1131	88	42	5	5	NUM
essd-1131	88	43	approximately	approximately	ADV
essd-1131	88	44	1.9	1.9	NUM
essd-1131	88	45	million	million	NUM
essd-1131	88	46	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	88	47	a	a	DET
essd-1131	88	48	total	total	NOUN
essd-1131	88	49	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	88	50	339	339	NUM
essd-1131	88	51	roads	road	NOUN
essd-1131	88	52	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	89	1	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	89	2	2023	2023	NUM
essd-1131	89	3	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	89	4	hefei	hefei	PROPN
essd-1131	89	5	's	's	PART
essd-1131	89	6	commuting	commuting	NOUN
essd-1131	89	7	peak	peak	NOUN
essd-1131	89	8	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	89	9	congestion	congestion	NOUN
essd-1131	89	10	index	index	NOUN
essd-1131	89	11	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	89	12	1.597	1.597	NUM
essd-1131	89	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	89	14	ranking	rank	VERB
essd-1131	89	15	15th	15th	NOUN
essd-1131	89	16	among	among	ADP
essd-1131	89	17	megacities	megacitie	NOUN
essd-1131	89	18	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	90	1	3.2	3.2	NUM
essd-1131	90	2	collection	collection	NOUN
essd-1131	90	3	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	90	4	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	90	5	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	90	6	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	90	7	data	datum	NOUN
essd-1131	90	8	first	first	ADV
essd-1131	90	9	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	90	10	the	the	DET
essd-1131	90	11	gaode	gaode	PROPN
essd-1131	90	12	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	90	13	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	90	14	layer	layer	NOUN
essd-1131	90	15	data	datum	NOUN
essd-1131	90	16	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	90	17	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	90	18	2	2	NUM
essd-1131	90	19	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	90	20	a	a	NOUN
essd-1131	90	21	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	90	22	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	90	23	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	90	24	the	the	DET
essd-1131	90	25	study	study	NOUN
essd-1131	90	26	area	area	NOUN
essd-1131	90	27	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	90	28	downloaded	download	VERB
essd-1131	90	29	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	90	30	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	90	31	the	the	DET
essd-1131	90	32	information	information	NOUN
essd-1131	90	33	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	90	34	expressways	expressway	NOUN
essd-1131	90	35	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	90	36	main	main	ADJ
essd-1131	90	37	roads	road	NOUN
essd-1131	90	38	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	90	39	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	90	40	secondary	secondary	ADJ
essd-1131	90	41	roads	road	NOUN
essd-1131	90	42	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	90	43	extracted	extract	VERB
essd-1131	90	44	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	90	45	arcgis	arcgis	PROPN
essd-1131	90	46	software	software	NOUN
essd-1131	90	47	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	91	1	this	this	PRON
essd-1131	91	2	resulted	result	VERB
essd-1131	91	3	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	91	4	the	the	DET
essd-1131	91	5	major	major	ADJ
essd-1131	91	6	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	91	7	distribution	distribution	NOUN
essd-1131	91	8	map	map	NOUN
essd-1131	91	9	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	91	10	the	the	DET
essd-1131	91	11	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	91	12	center	center	NOUN
essd-1131	91	13	shown	show	VERB
essd-1131	91	14	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	91	15	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	91	16	2	2	NUM
essd-1131	91	17	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	91	18	c	c	NOUN
essd-1131	91	19	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	91	20	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	92	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	92	2	map	map	NOUN
essd-1131	92	3	includes	include	VERB
essd-1131	92	4	198	198	NUM
essd-1131	92	5	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	92	6	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	92	7	339	339	NUM
essd-1131	92	8	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	92	9	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	92	10	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	92	11	each	each	DET
essd-1131	92	12	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	92	13	node	node	NOUN
essd-1131	92	14	representing	represent	VERB
essd-1131	92	15	a	a	DET
essd-1131	92	16	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	92	17	zone	zone	NOUN
essd-1131	92	18	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	93	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	93	2	regions	region	NOUN
essd-1131	93	3	were	be	AUX
essd-1131	93	4	then	then	ADV
essd-1131	93	5	divided	divide	VERB
essd-1131	93	6	into	into	ADP
essd-1131	93	7	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	93	8	zones	zone	NOUN
essd-1131	93	9	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	93	10	voronoi	voronoi	ADJ
essd-1131	93	11	polygons	polygon	NOUN
essd-1131	93	12	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	94	1	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	94	2	2(a	2(a	NUM
essd-1131	94	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	94	4	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	94	5	distribution	distribution	NOUN
essd-1131	94	6	o	o	NOUN
essd-1131	94	7	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	94	8	2(b	2(b	NUM
essd-1131	94	9	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	94	10	hefei	hefei	PROPN
essd-1131	94	11	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	94	12	map	map	NOUN
essd-1131	94	13	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	94	14	google	google	PROPN
essd-1131	94	15	earth	earth	NOUN
essd-1131	94	16	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	94	17	2(c	2(c	NUM
essd-1131	94	18	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	94	19	hefei	hefei	PROPN
essd-1131	94	20	distribution	distribution	NOUN
essd-1131	94	21	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	94	22	main	main	ADJ
essd-1131	94	23	roads	road	NOUN
essd-1131	94	24	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	94	25	the	the	DET
essd-1131	94	26	central	central	ADJ
essd-1131	94	27	area	area	NOUN
essd-1131	94	28	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	94	29	the	the	DET
essd-1131	94	30	city	city	NOUN
essd-1131	94	31	3.3	3.3	NUM
essd-1131	94	32	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
essd-1131	94	33	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	94	34	integration	integration	NOUN
essd-1131	94	35	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	94	36	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	94	37	situation	situation	NOUN
essd-1131	94	38	information	information	NOUN
essd-1131	94	39	this	this	DET
essd-1131	94	40	study	study	NOUN
essd-1131	94	41	uses	use	VERB
essd-1131	94	42	feedback	feedback	NOUN
essd-1131	94	43	information	information	NOUN
essd-1131	94	44	provided	provide	VERB
essd-1131	94	45	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	94	46	the	the	DET
essd-1131	94	47	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	94	48	status	status	NOUN
essd-1131	94	49	interface	interface	NOUN
essd-1131	94	50	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	94	51	the	the	DET
essd-1131	94	52	gaode	gaode	PROPN
essd-1131	94	53	map	map	NOUN
essd-1131	94	54	’s	’s	PART
essd-1131	94	55	api	api	NOUN
essd-1131	94	56	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	94	57	processes	process	VERB
essd-1131	94	58	it	it	PRON
essd-1131	94	59	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	94	60	python	python	NOUN
essd-1131	94	61	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	94	62	reading	reading	NOUN
essd-1131	94	63	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	94	64	regional	regional	ADJ
essd-1131	94	65	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	94	66	segmentation	segmentation	NOUN
essd-1131	94	67	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	94	68	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
essd-1131	94	69	obtaining	obtain	VERB
essd-1131	94	70	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	94	71	status	status	NOUN
essd-1131	94	72	information	information	NOUN
essd-1131	94	73	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	94	74	certain	certain	ADJ
essd-1131	94	75	roads	road	NOUN
essd-1131	94	76	during	during	ADP
essd-1131	94	77	the	the	DET
essd-1131	94	78	evening	evening	NOUN
essd-1131	94	79	peak	peak	NOUN
essd-1131	94	80	period	period	NOUN
essd-1131	94	81	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	95	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	95	2	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	95	3	status	status	NOUN
essd-1131	95	4	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	95	5	provided	provide	VERB
essd-1131	95	6	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	95	7	an	an	DET
essd-1131	95	8	http	http	ADJ
essd-1131	95	9	interface	interface	NOUN
essd-1131	95	10	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	95	11	gaode	gaode	PROPN
essd-1131	95	12	map	map	NOUN
essd-1131	95	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	95	14	which	which	PRON
essd-1131	95	15	reports	report	VERB
essd-1131	95	16	attributes	attribute	VERB
essd-1131	95	17	such	such	ADJ
essd-1131	95	18	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	95	19	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	95	20	speed	speed	NOUN
essd-1131	95	21	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	95	22	congestion	congestion	NOUN
essd-1131	95	23	within	within	ADP
essd-1131	95	24	a	a	DET
essd-1131	95	25	given	give	VERB
essd-1131	95	26	area	area	NOUN
essd-1131	95	27	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	96	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	96	2	approach	approach	NOUN
essd-1131	96	3	involves	involve	VERB
essd-1131	96	4	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	96	5	python	python	NOUN
essd-1131	96	6	’	'	PUNCT
essd-1131	96	7	s	s	PART
essd-1131	96	8	`	`	PUNCT
essd-1131	96	9	requests	request	NOUN
essd-1131	96	10	`	`	PUNCT
essd-1131	96	11	module	module	NOUN
essd-1131	96	12	to	to	PART
essd-1131	96	13	retrieve	retrieve	VERB
essd-1131	96	14	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	96	15	status	status	NOUN
essd-1131	96	16	data	datum	NOUN
essd-1131	96	17	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	96	18	the	the	DET
essd-1131	96	19	gaode	gaode	PROPN
essd-1131	96	20	map	map	NOUN
essd-1131	96	21	’s	’s	PART
essd-1131	96	22	api	api	NOUN
essd-1131	96	23	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	96	24	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	96	25	then	then	ADV
essd-1131	96	26	parsing	parse	VERB
essd-1131	96	27	the	the	DET
essd-1131	96	28	returned	return	VERB
essd-1131	96	29	json	json	NOUN
essd-1131	96	30	data	datum	NOUN
essd-1131	96	31	to	to	PART
essd-1131	96	32	store	store	VERB
essd-1131	96	33	it	it	PRON
essd-1131	96	34	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	96	35	a	a	DET
essd-1131	96	36	csv	csv	NOUN
essd-1131	96	37	file	file	NOUN
essd-1131	96	38	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	97	1	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
essd-1131	97	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	97	3	the	the	DET
essd-1131	97	4	transcad	transcad	PROPN
essd-1131	97	5	od	od	PROPN
essd-1131	97	6	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	97	7	origin	origin	NOUN
essd-1131	97	8	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	97	9	destination	destination	NOUN
essd-1131	97	10	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	97	11	matrix	matrix	NOUN
essd-1131	97	12	estimation	estimation	NOUN
essd-1131	97	13	module	module	NOUN
essd-1131	97	14	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	97	15	used	use	VERB
essd-1131	97	16	to	to	PART
essd-1131	97	17	obtain	obtain	VERB
essd-1131	97	18	the	the	DET
essd-1131	97	19	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	97	20	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	97	21	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	97	22	od	od	NUM
essd-1131	97	23	data	datum	NOUN
essd-1131	97	24	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	97	25	all	all	DET
essd-1131	97	26	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	97	27	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	97	28	the	the	DET
essd-1131	97	29	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	97	30	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	97	31	during	during	ADP
essd-1131	97	32	the	the	DET
essd-1131	97	33	evening	evening	NOUN
essd-1131	97	34	peak	peak	NOUN
essd-1131	97	35	period	period	NOUN
essd-1131	97	36	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	97	37	as	as	SCONJ
essd-1131	97	38	shown	show	VERB
essd-1131	97	39	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	97	40	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	97	41	3	3	NUM
essd-1131	97	42	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	98	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	98	2	od	od	PROPN
essd-1131	98	3	matrix	matrix	NOUN
essd-1131	98	4	estimation	estimation	NOUN
essd-1131	98	5	function	function	NOUN
essd-1131	98	6	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	98	7	transcad	transcad	PROPN
essd-1131	98	8	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	98	9	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	98	10	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	98	11	the	the	DET
essd-1131	98	12	method	method	NOUN
essd-1131	98	13	proposed	propose	VERB
essd-1131	98	14	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	98	15	estimating	estimate	VERB
essd-1131	98	16	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	98	17	demand	demand	NOUN
essd-1131	98	18	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	98	19	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	98	20	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	98	21	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	99	1	this	this	DET
essd-1131	99	2	method	method	NOUN
essd-1131	99	3	includes	include	VERB
essd-1131	99	4	single	single	ADJ
essd-1131	99	5	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	99	6	path	path	NOUN
essd-1131	99	7	estimation	estimation	NOUN
essd-1131	99	8	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	99	9	spme	spme	NOUN
essd-1131	99	10	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	99	11	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	99	12	multi	multi	ADJ
essd-1131	99	13	-	-	ADJ
essd-1131	99	14	path	path	ADJ
essd-1131	99	15	estimation	estimation	NOUN
essd-1131	99	16	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	99	17	mpme	mpme	NOUN
essd-1131	99	18	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	99	19	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	99	20	where	where	SCONJ
essd-1131	99	21	the	the	DET
essd-1131	99	22	od	od	PROPN
essd-1131	99	23	matrix	matrix	NOUN
essd-1131	99	24	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	99	25	estimated	estimate	VERB
essd-1131	99	26	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	99	27	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	99	28	input	input	NOUN
essd-1131	99	29	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	99	30	flows	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	99	31	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	100	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	100	2	estimated	estimate	VERB
essd-1131	100	3	od	od	NOUN
essd-1131	100	4	matrix	matrix	NOUN
essd-1131	100	5	generates	generate	VERB
essd-1131	100	6	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	100	7	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	100	8	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	100	9	a	a	DET
essd-1131	100	10	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	100	11	variable	variable	NOUN
essd-1131	100	12	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	100	13	which	which	PRON
essd-1131	100	14	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	100	15	compared	compare	VERB
essd-1131	100	16	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	100	17	the	the	DET
essd-1131	100	18	actual	actual	ADJ
essd-1131	100	19	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	100	20	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	100	21	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	101	1	this	this	DET
essd-1131	101	2	process	process	NOUN
essd-1131	101	3	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	101	4	iterative	iterative	NOUN
essd-1131	101	5	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	101	6	starting	start	VERB
essd-1131	101	7	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	101	8	an	an	DET
essd-1131	101	9	initial	initial	ADJ
essd-1131	101	10	od	od	PROPN
essd-1131	101	11	matrix	matrix	NOUN
essd-1131	101	12	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	101	13	the	the	DET
essd-1131	101	14	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	101	15	flows	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	101	16	produced	produce	VERB
essd-1131	101	17	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	101	18	the	the	DET
essd-1131	101	19	estimated	estimate	VERB
essd-1131	101	20	od	od	NOUN
essd-1131	101	21	matrices	matrix	NOUN
essd-1131	101	22	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	101	23	compared	compare	VERB
essd-1131	101	24	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	101	25	the	the	DET
essd-1131	101	26	actual	actual	ADJ
essd-1131	101	27	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	101	28	flows	flow	VERB
essd-1131	101	29	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	102	1	if	if	SCONJ
essd-1131	102	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	102	3	error	error	NOUN
essd-1131	102	4	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	102	5	large	large	ADJ
essd-1131	102	6	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	102	7	the	the	DET
essd-1131	102	8	estimation	estimation	NOUN
essd-1131	102	9	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	102	10	refined	refine	VERB
essd-1131	102	11	until	until	SCONJ
essd-1131	102	12	convergence	convergence	NOUN
essd-1131	102	13	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	102	14	achieved	achieve	VERB
essd-1131	102	15	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	102	16	producing	produce	VERB
essd-1131	102	17	the	the	DET
essd-1131	102	18	final	final	ADJ
essd-1131	102	19	output	output	NOUN
essd-1131	102	20	results	result	NOUN
essd-1131	102	21	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	103	1	zhang/	zhang/	NUM
essd-1131	103	2	environmental	environmental	ADJ
essd-1131	103	3	science	science	NOUN
essd-1131	103	4	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	103	5	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
essd-1131	103	6	development	development	NOUN
essd-1131	103	7	pg	pg	NOUN
essd-1131	103	8	.	.	PROPN
essd-1131	103	9	6	6	NUM
essd-1131	103	10	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	103	11	3	3	NUM
essd-1131	103	12	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	103	13	distribution	distribution	NOUN
essd-1131	103	14	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	103	15	the	the	DET
essd-1131	103	16	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	103	17	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	103	18	during	during	ADP
essd-1131	103	19	peak	peak	ADJ
essd-1131	103	20	hours	hour	NOUN
essd-1131	103	21	4	4	NUM
essd-1131	103	22	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	103	23	rsults	rsult	NOUN
essd-1131	103	24	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	103	25	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	103	26	the	the	DET
essd-1131	103	27	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	103	28	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	103	29	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	103	30	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	103	31	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	103	32	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	103	33	this	this	DET
essd-1131	103	34	study	study	NOUN
essd-1131	103	35	investigates	investigate	VERB
essd-1131	103	36	the	the	DET
essd-1131	103	37	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	103	38	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	103	39	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	103	40	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	103	41	networks	network	NOUN
essd-1131	103	42	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	103	43	two	two	NUM
essd-1131	103	44	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	103	45	strategies	strategy	NOUN
essd-1131	103	46	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	103	47	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	103	48	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	103	49	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	103	50	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	103	51	segment	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	103	52	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	103	53	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	103	54	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	103	55	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	103	56	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	103	57	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	104	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	104	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	104	3	employs	employ	VERB
essd-1131	104	4	functional	functional	ADJ
essd-1131	104	5	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	104	6	such	such	ADJ
essd-1131	104	7	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	104	8	total	total	ADJ
essd-1131	104	9	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	104	10	time	time	NOUN
essd-1131	104	11	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	104	12	the	the	DET
essd-1131	104	13	relative	relative	ADJ
essd-1131	104	14	size	size	NOUN
essd-1131	104	15	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	104	16	the	the	DET
essd-1131	104	17	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	104	18	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	104	19	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	104	20	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	104	21	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	104	22	global	global	ADJ
essd-1131	104	23	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	104	24	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	104	25	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	105	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	105	2	study	study	NOUN
essd-1131	105	3	uses	use	VERB
essd-1131	105	4	the	the	DET
essd-1131	105	5	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	105	6	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	105	7	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	105	8	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	105	9	within	within	ADP
essd-1131	105	10	the	the	DET
essd-1131	105	11	second	second	ADJ
essd-1131	105	12	ring	ring	NOUN
essd-1131	105	13	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	105	14	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	105	15	hefei	hefei	PROPN
essd-1131	105	16	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	105	17	a	a	DET
essd-1131	105	18	case	case	NOUN
essd-1131	105	19	example	example	NOUN
essd-1131	105	20	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	1	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	106	2	4	4	NUM
essd-1131	106	3	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	4	a	a	PRON
essd-1131	106	5	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	6	relative	relative	ADJ
essd-1131	106	7	size	size	NOUN
essd-1131	106	8	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	106	9	the	the	DET
essd-1131	106	10	largest	large	ADJ
essd-1131	106	11	connected	connected	ADJ
essd-1131	106	12	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	106	13	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	106	14	4	4	NUM
essd-1131	106	15	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	16	b	b	NOUN
essd-1131	106	17	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	18	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	106	19	global	global	ADJ
essd-1131	106	20	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	106	21	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	106	22	4	4	NUM
essd-1131	106	23	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	24	c	c	NOUN
essd-1131	106	25	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	26	total	total	ADJ
essd-1131	106	27	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	106	28	time	time	NOUN
essd-1131	106	29	figure	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	106	30	3	3	NUM
essd-1131	106	31	relationship	relationship	NOUN
essd-1131	106	32	between	between	ADP
essd-1131	106	33	the	the	DET
essd-1131	106	34	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	106	35	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	106	36	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	106	37	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	106	38	different	different	ADJ
essd-1131	106	39	functional	functional	ADJ
essd-1131	106	40	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	106	41	according	accord	VERB
essd-1131	106	42	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	106	43	figures	figure	NOUN
essd-1131	106	44	4	4	NUM
essd-1131	106	45	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	46	a	a	NOUN
essd-1131	106	47	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	48	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	106	49	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	50	b	b	NOUN
essd-1131	106	51	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	52	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	53	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	106	54	the	the	DET
essd-1131	106	55	same	same	ADJ
essd-1131	106	56	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	106	57	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	106	58	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	106	59	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	106	60	the	the	DET
essd-1131	106	61	hefei	hefei	PROPN
essd-1131	106	62	urban	urban	PROPN
essd-1131	106	63	road	road	PROPN
essd-1131	106	64	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	106	65	experiences	experience	VERB
essd-1131	106	66	a	a	DET
essd-1131	106	67	more	more	ADV
essd-1131	106	68	significant	significant	ADJ
essd-1131	106	69	decline	decline	NOUN
essd-1131	106	70	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	106	71	functionality	functionality	NOUN
essd-1131	106	72	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	106	73	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	106	74	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	106	75	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	106	76	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	106	77	edge	edge	NOUN
essd-1131	106	78	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	106	79	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	106	80	compared	compare	VERB
essd-1131	106	81	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	106	82	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	106	83	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	106	84	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	107	1	particularly	particularly	ADV
essd-1131	107	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	107	3	after	after	SCONJ
essd-1131	107	4	approximately	approximately	ADV
essd-1131	107	5	10	10	NUM
essd-1131	107	6	key	key	ADJ
essd-1131	107	7	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	107	8	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	107	9	deliberately	deliberately	ADV
essd-1131	107	10	attacked	attack	VERB
essd-1131	107	11	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	107	12	the	the	DET
essd-1131	107	13	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	107	14	functionality	functionality	NOUN
essd-1131	107	15	shows	show	VERB
essd-1131	107	16	a	a	DET
essd-1131	107	17	noticeable	noticeable	ADJ
essd-1131	107	18	decline	decline	NOUN
essd-1131	107	19	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	107	20	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
essd-1131	107	21	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	107	22	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	107	23	result	result	VERB
essd-1131	107	24	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	107	25	a	a	DET
essd-1131	107	26	relatively	relatively	ADV
essd-1131	107	27	constant	constant	ADJ
essd-1131	107	28	rate	rate	NOUN
essd-1131	107	29	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	107	30	functionality	functionality	NOUN
essd-1131	107	31	decrease	decrease	NOUN
essd-1131	107	32	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	108	1	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	108	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	108	3	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	108	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	108	5	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	108	6	increases	increase	NOUN
essd-1131	108	7	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	108	8	the	the	DET
essd-1131	108	9	gap	gap	NOUN
essd-1131	108	10	between	between	ADP
essd-1131	108	11	the	the	DET
essd-1131	108	12	two	two	NUM
essd-1131	108	13	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	108	14	strategies	strategy	NOUN
essd-1131	108	15	gradually	gradually	ADV
essd-1131	108	16	narrows	narrow	VERB
essd-1131	108	17	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	108	18	at	at	ADP
essd-1131	108	19	which	which	DET
essd-1131	108	20	point	point	NOUN
essd-1131	108	21	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	108	22	functionality	functionality	NOUN
essd-1131	108	23	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	108	24	mainly	mainly	ADV
essd-1131	108	25	influenced	influence	VERB
essd-1131	108	26	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	108	27	node	node	ADJ
essd-1131	108	28	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
essd-1131	108	29	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	109	1	according	accord	VERB
essd-1131	109	2	to	to	PART
essd-1131	109	3	figure	figure	VERB
essd-1131	109	4	4	4	NUM
essd-1131	109	5	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	109	6	c	c	NOUN
essd-1131	109	7	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	109	8	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	109	9	when	when	SCONJ
essd-1131	109	10	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	109	11	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	109	12	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	109	13	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	109	14	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	109	15	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	109	16	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	109	17	lead	lead	VERB
essd-1131	109	18	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	109	19	a	a	DET
essd-1131	109	20	more	more	ADV
essd-1131	109	21	significant	significant	ADJ
essd-1131	109	22	decline	decline	NOUN
essd-1131	109	23	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	109	24	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	109	25	functionality	functionality	NOUN
essd-1131	109	26	compared	compare	VERB
essd-1131	109	27	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	109	28	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	109	29	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	109	30	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	109	31	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	109	32	the	the	DET
essd-1131	109	33	declining	decline	VERB
essd-1131	109	34	trends	trend	NOUN
essd-1131	109	35	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	109	36	both	both	PRON
essd-1131	109	37	are	be	AUX
essd-1131	109	38	essentially	essentially	ADV
essd-1131	109	39	consistent	consistent	ADJ
essd-1131	109	40	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	110	1	this	this	DET
essd-1131	110	2	0	0	NUM
essd-1131	110	3	10	10	NUM
essd-1131	110	4	20	20	NUM
essd-1131	110	5	30	30	NUM
essd-1131	110	6	40	40	NUM
essd-1131	110	7	50	50	NUM
essd-1131	110	8	60	60	NUM
essd-1131	110	9	70	70	NUM
essd-1131	110	10	80	80	NUM
essd-1131	110	11	90	90	NUM
essd-1131	110	12	100	100	NUM
essd-1131	110	13	0.0	0.0	NUM
essd-1131	110	14	0.2	0.2	NUM
essd-1131	110	15	0.4	0.4	NUM
essd-1131	110	16	0.6	0.6	NUM
essd-1131	110	17	0.8	0.8	NUM
essd-1131	110	18	1.0	1.0	NUM
essd-1131	110	19	f	f	NOUN
essd-1131	110	20	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	110	21	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	110	22	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	110	23	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	110	24	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	110	25	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	110	26	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	110	27	0	0	NUM
essd-1131	110	28	10	10	NUM
essd-1131	110	29	20	20	NUM
essd-1131	110	30	30	30	NUM
essd-1131	110	31	40	40	NUM
essd-1131	110	32	50	50	NUM
essd-1131	110	33	60	60	NUM
essd-1131	110	34	70	70	NUM
essd-1131	110	35	80	80	NUM
essd-1131	110	36	90	90	NUM
essd-1131	110	37	100	100	NUM
essd-1131	110	38	0.00	0.00	NUM
essd-1131	110	39	0.02	0.02	NUM
essd-1131	110	40	0.04	0.04	NUM
essd-1131	110	41	0.06	0.06	NUM
essd-1131	110	42	0.08	0.08	NUM
essd-1131	110	43	0.10	0.10	NUM
essd-1131	110	44	0.12	0.12	NUM
essd-1131	110	45	0.14	0.14	NUM
essd-1131	110	46	0.16	0.16	NUM
essd-1131	110	47	e	e	NOUN
essd-1131	110	48	gl	gl	NOUN
essd-1131	110	49	ob	ob	PRON
essd-1131	110	50	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	110	51	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	110	52	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	110	53	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	110	54	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	110	55	deliberate	deliberate	VERB
essd-1131	110	56	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	110	57	0	0	NUM
essd-1131	110	58	10	10	NUM
essd-1131	110	59	20	20	NUM
essd-1131	110	60	30	30	NUM
essd-1131	110	61	40	40	NUM
essd-1131	110	62	50	50	NUM
essd-1131	110	63	60	60	NUM
essd-1131	110	64	70	70	NUM
essd-1131	110	65	80	80	NUM
essd-1131	110	66	90	90	NUM
essd-1131	110	67	100	100	NUM
essd-1131	110	68	0.0	0.0	NUM
essd-1131	110	69	0.2	0.2	NUM
essd-1131	110	70	0.4	0.4	NUM
essd-1131	110	71	0.6	0.6	NUM
essd-1131	110	72	0.8	0.8	NUM
essd-1131	110	73	1.0	1.0	NUM
essd-1131	110	74	q	q	NOUN
essd-1131	110	75	t	t	PROPN
essd-1131	110	76	t	t	NOUN
essd-1131	110	77	t	t	NOUN
essd-1131	110	78	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	110	79	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	110	80	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	110	81	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	110	82	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	110	83	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	110	84	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	110	85	zhang/	zhang/	NUM
essd-1131	110	86	environmental	environmental	ADJ
essd-1131	110	87	science	science	NOUN
essd-1131	110	88	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	110	89	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
essd-1131	110	90	development	development	NOUN
essd-1131	110	91	pg	pg	NOUN
essd-1131	110	92	.	.	PROPN
essd-1131	110	93	7	7	NUM
essd-1131	110	94	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	110	95	because	because	SCONJ
essd-1131	110	96	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	110	97	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	110	98	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	110	99	measure	measure	VERB
essd-1131	110	100	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
essd-1131	110	101	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	110	102	time	time	NOUN
essd-1131	110	103	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	111	1	after	after	SCONJ
essd-1131	111	2	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	111	3	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	111	4	destroy	destroy	VERB
essd-1131	111	5	key	key	ADJ
essd-1131	111	6	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	111	7	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	111	8	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	111	9	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	111	10	redirected	redirect	VERB
essd-1131	111	11	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	111	12	other	other	ADJ
essd-1131	111	13	adjacent	adjacent	ADJ
essd-1131	111	14	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	111	15	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	111	16	increasing	increase	VERB
essd-1131	111	17	overall	overall	ADJ
essd-1131	111	18	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	111	19	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	111	20	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	111	21	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	111	22	time	time	NOUN
essd-1131	111	23	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	112	1	5	5	X
essd-1131	112	2	.	.	X
essd-1131	112	3	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
essd-1131	112	4	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	112	5	analyzing	analyze	VERB
essd-1131	112	6	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	112	7	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	112	8	distribution	distribution	NOUN
essd-1131	112	9	during	during	ADP
essd-1131	112	10	peak	peak	ADJ
essd-1131	112	11	hours	hour	NOUN
essd-1131	112	12	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	112	13	the	the	DET
essd-1131	112	14	hefei	hefei	PROPN
essd-1131	112	15	urban	urban	PROPN
essd-1131	112	16	road	road	PROPN
essd-1131	112	17	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	112	18	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	112	19	constructed	construct	VERB
essd-1131	112	20	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	112	21	simulated	simulate	VERB
essd-1131	112	22	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	113	1	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	113	2	two	two	NUM
essd-1131	113	3	different	different	ADJ
essd-1131	113	4	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	113	5	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	113	6	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	113	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
essd-1131	113	8	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	113	9	the	the	DET
essd-1131	113	10	maximum	maximum	ADJ
essd-1131	113	11	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
essd-1131	113	12	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	113	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	113	14	global	global	ADJ
essd-1131	113	15	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	113	16	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	113	17	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	113	18	total	total	ADJ
essd-1131	113	19	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	113	20	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	113	21	time	time	NOUN
essd-1131	113	22	were	be	AUX
essd-1131	113	23	used	use	VERB
essd-1131	113	24	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	113	25	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
essd-1131	113	26	indicators	indicator	NOUN
essd-1131	113	27	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	113	28	the	the	DET
essd-1131	113	29	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	113	30	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	113	31	strategy	strategy	NOUN
essd-1131	113	32	causes	cause	VERB
essd-1131	113	33	relatively	relatively	ADV
essd-1131	113	34	less	less	ADJ
essd-1131	113	35	damage	damage	NOUN
essd-1131	113	36	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	113	37	the	the	DET
essd-1131	113	38	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	113	39	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	113	40	indicating	indicate	VERB
essd-1131	113	41	that	that	SCONJ
essd-1131	113	42	the	the	DET
essd-1131	113	43	hefei	hefei	PROPN
essd-1131	113	44	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	113	45	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	113	46	has	have	VERB
essd-1131	113	47	strong	strong	ADJ
essd-1131	113	48	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	113	49	against	against	ADP
essd-1131	113	50	random	random	ADJ
essd-1131	113	51	sudden	sudden	ADJ
essd-1131	113	52	events	event	NOUN
essd-1131	113	53	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	114	1	however	however	ADV
essd-1131	114	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	114	3	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	114	4	the	the	DET
essd-1131	114	5	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	114	6	attack	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	114	7	strategy	strategy	NOUN
essd-1131	114	8	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	114	9	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	114	10	segment	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	114	11	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	114	12	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	114	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	114	14	there	there	PRON
essd-1131	114	15	is	be	VERB
essd-1131	114	16	a	a	DET
essd-1131	114	17	sharp	sharp	ADJ
essd-1131	114	18	decline	decline	NOUN
essd-1131	114	19	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	114	20	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	114	21	functionality	functionality	NOUN
essd-1131	114	22	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	114	23	showing	show	VERB
essd-1131	114	24	that	that	SCONJ
essd-1131	114	25	the	the	DET
essd-1131	114	26	hefei	hefei	PROPN
essd-1131	114	27	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	114	28	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	114	29	has	have	VERB
essd-1131	114	30	weaker	weak	ADJ
essd-1131	114	31	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	114	32	against	against	ADP
essd-1131	114	33	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
essd-1131	114	34	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	114	35	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	115	1	after	after	ADP
essd-1131	115	2	attacking	attack	VERB
essd-1131	115	3	the	the	DET
essd-1131	115	4	top	top	ADJ
essd-1131	115	5	4	4	NUM
essd-1131	115	6	%	%	NOUN
essd-1131	115	7	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	115	8	the	the	DET
essd-1131	115	9	most	most	ADV
essd-1131	115	10	trafficked	trafficked	ADJ
essd-1131	115	11	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	115	12	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	115	13	there	there	PRON
essd-1131	115	14	is	be	VERB
essd-1131	115	15	a	a	DET
essd-1131	115	16	rapid	rapid	ADJ
essd-1131	115	17	decline	decline	NOUN
essd-1131	115	18	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	115	19	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	115	20	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	115	21	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	116	1	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	116	2	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	116	3	higher	high	ADJ
essd-1131	116	4	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	116	5	have	have	VERB
essd-1131	116	6	a	a	DET
essd-1131	116	7	greater	great	ADJ
essd-1131	116	8	impact	impact	NOUN
essd-1131	116	9	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	116	10	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	116	11	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	116	12	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	117	1	according	accord	VERB
essd-1131	117	2	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	117	3	the	the	DET
essd-1131	117	4	results	result	NOUN
essd-1131	117	5	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	117	6	the	the	DET
essd-1131	117	7	topology	topology	NOUN
essd-1131	117	8	index	index	NOUN
essd-1131	117	9	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	117	10	the	the	DET
essd-1131	117	11	maximum	maximum	ADJ
essd-1131	117	12	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
essd-1131	117	13	subgraph	subgraph	NOUN
essd-1131	117	14	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	117	15	global	global	ADJ
essd-1131	117	16	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	117	17	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
essd-1131	117	18	can	can	AUX
essd-1131	117	19	better	well	ADV
essd-1131	117	20	reflect	reflect	VERB
essd-1131	117	21	the	the	DET
essd-1131	117	22	stepwise	stepwise	ADJ
essd-1131	117	23	decline	decline	NOUN
essd-1131	117	24	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	117	25	the	the	DET
essd-1131	117	26	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	117	27	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	117	28	function	function	NOUN
essd-1131	117	29	after	after	ADP
essd-1131	117	30	multiple	multiple	ADJ
essd-1131	117	31	attacks	attack	NOUN
essd-1131	117	32	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	117	33	while	while	SCONJ
essd-1131	117	34	the	the	DET
essd-1131	117	35	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	117	36	flow	flow	NOUN
essd-1131	117	37	index	index	NOUN
essd-1131	117	38	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	117	39	the	the	DET
essd-1131	117	40	total	total	ADJ
essd-1131	117	41	travel	travel	NOUN
essd-1131	117	42	time	time	NOUN
essd-1131	117	43	does	do	AUX
essd-1131	117	44	not	not	PART
essd-1131	117	45	reflect	reflect	VERB
essd-1131	117	46	this	this	DET
essd-1131	117	47	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
essd-1131	117	48	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	118	1	during	during	ADP
essd-1131	118	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	118	3	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	118	4	planning	planning	NOUN
essd-1131	118	5	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	118	6	design	design	NOUN
essd-1131	118	7	phase	phase	NOUN
essd-1131	118	8	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	118	9	it	it	PRON
essd-1131	118	10	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	118	11	advisable	advisable	ADJ
essd-1131	118	12	to	to	PART
essd-1131	118	13	increase	increase	VERB
essd-1131	118	14	the	the	DET
essd-1131	118	15	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	118	16	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	118	17	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	118	18	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	118	19	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	118	20	high	high	ADJ
essd-1131	118	21	anticipated	anticipate	VERB
essd-1131	118	22	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	118	23	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	118	24	their	their	PRON
essd-1131	118	25	adjacent	adjacent	ADJ
essd-1131	118	26	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	118	27	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	119	1	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	119	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	119	3	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	119	4	management	management	NOUN
essd-1131	119	5	phase	phase	NOUN
essd-1131	119	6	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	119	7	when	when	SCONJ
essd-1131	119	8	high	high	ADJ
essd-1131	119	9	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	119	10	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	119	11	segments	segment	NOUN
essd-1131	119	12	fail	fail	VERB
essd-1131	119	13	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	119	14	it	it	PRON
essd-1131	119	15	is	be	AUX
essd-1131	119	16	important	important	ADJ
essd-1131	119	17	to	to	PART
essd-1131	119	18	quickly	quickly	ADV
essd-1131	119	19	redirect	redirect	VERB
essd-1131	119	20	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN
essd-1131	119	21	while	while	SCONJ
essd-1131	119	22	strictly	strictly	ADV
essd-1131	119	23	controlling	control	VERB
essd-1131	119	24	the	the	DET
essd-1131	119	25	number	number	NOUN
essd-1131	119	26	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	119	27	nodes	node	NOUN
essd-1131	119	28	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	119	29	redirected	redirect	VERB
essd-1131	119	30	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN
essd-1131	119	31	to	to	PART
essd-1131	119	32	prevent	prevent	VERB
essd-1131	119	33	large	large	ADJ
essd-1131	119	34	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	119	35	scale	scale	NOUN
essd-1131	119	36	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	119	37	failures	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	119	38	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	120	1	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	120	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	120	3	future	future	ADJ
essd-1131	120	4	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	120	5	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	120	6	the	the	DET
essd-1131	120	7	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	120	8	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	120	9	the	the	DET
essd-1131	120	10	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	120	11	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	120	12	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	120	13	the	the	DET
essd-1131	120	14	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	120	15	modeling	modeling	NOUN
essd-1131	120	16	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	120	17	the	the	DET
essd-1131	120	18	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	120	19	sections	section	NOUN
essd-1131	120	20	that	that	PRON
essd-1131	120	21	often	often	ADV
essd-1131	120	22	occur	occur	VERB
essd-1131	120	23	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	120	24	the	the	DET
essd-1131	120	25	actual	actual	ADJ
essd-1131	120	26	city	city	NOUN
essd-1131	120	27	can	can	AUX
essd-1131	120	28	be	be	AUX
essd-1131	120	29	carried	carry	VERB
essd-1131	120	30	out	out	ADP
essd-1131	120	31	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	120	32	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	120	33	the	the	DET
essd-1131	120	34	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	120	35	distribution	distribution	NOUN
essd-1131	120	36	during	during	ADP
essd-1131	120	37	the	the	DET
essd-1131	120	38	morning	morning	NOUN
essd-1131	120	39	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	120	40	evening	evening	NOUN
essd-1131	120	41	peak	peak	NOUN
essd-1131	120	42	hours	hour	NOUN
essd-1131	120	43	can	can	AUX
essd-1131	120	44	be	be	AUX
essd-1131	120	45	simulated	simulate	VERB
essd-1131	120	46	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	120	47	so	so	SCONJ
essd-1131	120	48	as	as	SCONJ
essd-1131	120	49	to	to	PART
essd-1131	120	50	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
essd-1131	120	51	the	the	DET
essd-1131	120	52	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	120	53	capacity	capacity	NOUN
essd-1131	120	54	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	120	55	the	the	DET
essd-1131	120	56	congested	congested	ADJ
essd-1131	120	57	road	road	NOUN
essd-1131	120	58	sections	section	NOUN
essd-1131	120	59	to	to	PART
essd-1131	120	60	improve	improve	VERB
essd-1131	120	61	the	the	DET
essd-1131	120	62	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	120	63	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	121	1	acknowledgment	acknowledgment	NOUN
essd-1131	121	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	121	3	abstract	abstract	NOUN
essd-1131	121	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	121	5	this	this	DET
essd-1131	121	6	paper	paper	NOUN
essd-1131	121	7	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	121	8	presented	present	VERB
essd-1131	121	9	at	at	ADP
essd-1131	121	10	the	the	DET
essd-1131	121	11	resilient	resilient	ADJ
essd-1131	121	12	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	121	13	responsible	responsible	ADJ
essd-1131	121	14	architecture	architecture	NOUN
essd-1131	121	15	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	121	16	urbanism	urbanism	NOUN
essd-1131	121	17	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	121	18	rrau	rrau	NOUN
essd-1131	121	19	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	121	20	conference—6th	conference—6th	PROPN
essd-1131	121	21	edition	edition	NOUN
essd-1131	121	22	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	121	23	which	which	PRON
essd-1131	121	24	was	be	AUX
essd-1131	121	25	held	hold	VERB
essd-1131	121	26	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	121	27	the	the	DET
essd-1131	121	28	8th	8th	ADJ
essd-1131	121	29	–	–	PUNCT
essd-1131	121	30	10th	10th	NOUN
essd-1131	121	31	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	121	32	december	december	PROPN
essd-1131	121	33	2024	2024	NUM
essd-1131	121	34	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	122	1	funding	funding	NOUN
essd-1131	122	2	declaration	declaration	NOUN
essd-1131	122	3	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	123	1	this	this	DET
essd-1131	123	2	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	123	3	did	do	AUX
essd-1131	123	4	not	not	PART
essd-1131	123	5	receive	receive	VERB
essd-1131	123	6	any	any	DET
essd-1131	123	7	specific	specific	ADJ
essd-1131	123	8	grant	grant	NOUN
essd-1131	123	9	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	123	10	funding	fund	VERB
essd-1131	123	11	agencies	agency	NOUN
essd-1131	123	12	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	123	13	the	the	DET
essd-1131	123	14	public	public	ADJ
essd-1131	123	15	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	123	16	commercial	commercial	ADJ
essd-1131	123	17	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	123	18	or	or	CCONJ
essd-1131	123	19	not	not	PART
essd-1131	123	20	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	123	21	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	123	22	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	123	23	profit	profit	NOUN
essd-1131	123	24	sector/	sector/	NUM
essd-1131	123	25	individuals	individual	NOUN
essd-1131	123	26	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	124	1	ethics	ethic	NOUN
essd-1131	124	2	approval	approval	NOUN
essd-1131	124	3	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	125	1	not	not	PART
essd-1131	125	2	applicable	applicable	ADJ
essd-1131	125	3	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	126	1	conflict	conflict	NOUN
essd-1131	126	2	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	126	3	interest	interest	NOUN
essd-1131	126	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	127	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	127	2	authors	author	NOUN
essd-1131	127	3	declare	declare	VERB
essd-1131	127	4	there	there	PRON
essd-1131	127	5	is	be	VERB
essd-1131	127	6	no	no	DET
essd-1131	127	7	conflict	conflict	NOUN
essd-1131	127	8	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	128	1	references	reference	NOUN
essd-1131	128	2	brian	brian	PROPN
essd-1131	128	3	donovan	donovan	PROPN
essd-1131	128	4	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	128	5	daniel	daniel	PROPN
essd-1131	128	6	b.	b.	PROPN
essd-1131	128	7	work	work	PROPN
essd-1131	128	8	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	129	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	129	2	2017	2017	NUM
essd-1131	129	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	129	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	130	1	empirically	empirically	ADV
essd-1131	130	2	quantifying	quantify	VERB
essd-1131	130	3	city	city	NOUN
essd-1131	130	4	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	130	5	scale	scale	NOUN
essd-1131	130	6	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	130	7	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	130	8	resilience	resilience	NOUN
essd-1131	130	9	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	130	10	extreme	extreme	ADJ
essd-1131	130	11	events.transportation	events.transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	130	12	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	130	13	part	part	NOUN
essd-1131	130	14	c333	c333	PROPN
essd-1131	130	15	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	130	16	346	346	NUM
essd-1131	130	17	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	131	1	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2017.03.002	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2017.03.002	PROPN
essd-1131	131	2	cho	cho	PROPN
essd-1131	131	3	joongmin	joongmin	PROPN
essd-1131	131	4	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	131	5	lee	lee	PROPN
essd-1131	131	6	youngjoo	youngjoo	PROPN
essd-1131	131	7	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	131	8	lee	lee	PROPN
essd-1131	131	9	seongkwan	seongkwan	PROPN
essd-1131	131	10	mark	mark	PROPN
essd-1131	131	11	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	131	12	song	song	NOUN
essd-1131	131	13	ki	ki	PROPN
essd-1131	131	14	han	han	PROPN
essd-1131	131	15	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	131	16	suh	suh	PROPN
essd-1131	131	17	wonho	wonho	PROPN
essd-1131	131	18	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	132	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	132	2	2021	2021	NUM
essd-1131	132	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	132	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	133	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	133	2	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	133	3	macroscopic	macroscopic	ADJ
essd-1131	133	4	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	133	5	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	133	6	impacted	impact	VERB
essd-1131	133	7	by	by	ADP
essd-1131	133	8	structural	structural	ADJ
essd-1131	133	9	damage	damage	NOUN
essd-1131	133	10	to	to	ADP
essd-1131	133	11	bridges	bridge	NOUN
essd-1131	133	12	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	133	13	earthquakes	earthquake	NOUN
essd-1131	133	14	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	134	1	applied	apply	VERB
essd-1131	134	2	sciences	science	NOUN
essd-1131	134	3	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	134	4	7),3226	7),3226	NUM
essd-1131	134	5	-	-	SYM
essd-1131	134	6	3226	3226	NUM
essd-1131	134	7	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	135	1	https://doi.org/	https://doi.org/	VERB
essd-1131	135	2	10.3390	10.3390	NUM
essd-1131	135	3	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	135	4	app11073226	app11073226	NOUN
essd-1131	135	5	crucitti	crucitti	NOUN
essd-1131	135	6	paolo	paolo	PROPN
essd-1131	135	7	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	135	8	latora	latora	PROPN
essd-1131	135	9	vito	vito	PROPN
essd-1131	135	10	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	135	11	marchiori	marchiori	PROPN
essd-1131	135	12	massimo	massimo	PROPN
essd-1131	135	13	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	136	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	136	2	2004	2004	NUM
essd-1131	136	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	136	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	137	1	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	137	2	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	137	3	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	137	4	failures	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	137	5	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	137	6	complex	complex	ADJ
essd-1131	137	7	networks	network	NOUN
essd-1131	137	8	.physical	.physical	PROPN
essd-1131	137	9	review	review	NOUN
essd-1131	137	10	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	138	1	e	e	X
essd-1131	138	2	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	138	3	statistical	statistical	ADJ
essd-1131	138	4	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	138	5	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
essd-1131	138	6	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	138	7	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	138	8	soft	soft	ADJ
essd-1131	138	9	matter	matter	NOUN
essd-1131	138	10	physics	physics	NOUN
essd-1131	138	11	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	138	12	4	4	NUM
essd-1131	138	13	pt	pt	NOUN
essd-1131	138	14	2),045104	2),045104	PROPN
essd-1131	138	15	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	139	1	duan	duan	PROPN
essd-1131	139	2	houli	houli	PROPN
essd-1131	139	3	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	139	4	li	li	PROPN
essd-1131	139	5	zhiheng	zhiheng	PROPN
essd-1131	139	6	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	139	7	zhang	zhang	PROPN
essd-1131	139	8	yi	yi	PROPN
essd-1131	139	9	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	140	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	140	2	2010	2010	NUM
essd-1131	140	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	140	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	141	1	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	141	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	141	3	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	141	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	141	5	urban	urban	PROPN
essd-1131	141	6	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	141	7	networks	network	NOUN
essd-1131	141	8	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	142	1	journal	journal	PROPN
essd-1131	142	2	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	142	3	south	south	PROPN
essd-1131	142	4	china	china	PROPN
essd-1131	142	5	university	university	PROPN
essd-1131	142	6	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	142	7	technology	technology	NOUN
essd-1131	142	8	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	142	9	natural	natural	ADJ
essd-1131	142	10	science	science	NOUN
essd-1131	142	11	edition	edition	NOUN
essd-1131	142	12	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	142	13	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	142	14	03),70	03),70	NUM
essd-1131	142	15	-	-	SYM
essd-1131	142	16	75	75	NUM
essd-1131	142	17	+	+	SYM
essd-1131	142	18	81	81	NUM
essd-1131	142	19	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	143	1	doi:10.3969	doi:10.3969	NOUN
essd-1131	143	2	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	144	1	jissn.1000	jissn.1000	PROPN
essd-1131	144	2	-	-	PROPN
essd-1131	144	3	565x.2010.03.013	565x.2010.03.013	PROPN
essd-1131	144	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	145	1	dunn	dunn	PROPN
essd-1131	145	2	s	s	PROPN
essd-1131	145	3	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	145	4	wilkinson	wilkinson	PROPN
essd-1131	145	5	s.	s.	PROPN
essd-1131	145	6	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	145	7	2016	2016	NUM
essd-1131	145	8	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	145	9	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	146	1	increasing	increase	VERB
essd-1131	146	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	146	3	resilience	resilience	NOUN
essd-1131	146	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	146	5	air	air	NOUN
essd-1131	146	6	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	146	7	networks	network	NOUN
essd-1131	146	8	using	use	VERB
essd-1131	146	9	a	a	DET
essd-1131	146	10	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	146	11	graph	graph	NOUN
essd-1131	146	12	theory	theory	NOUN
essd-1131	146	13	approach[j	approach[j	PROPN
essd-1131	146	14	]	]	PUNCT
essd-1131	146	15	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	147	1	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	147	2	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	147	3	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	147	4	part	part	NOUN
essd-1131	147	5	e.	e.	PROPN
essd-1131	147	6	logistics	logistics	PROPN
essd-1131	147	7	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	147	8	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	147	9	review,2016,90e(jun.):39	review,2016,90e(jun.):39	PROPN
essd-1131	147	10	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	147	11	50	50	NUM
essd-1131	147	12	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	148	1	doi:10.1016	doi:10.1016	PROPN
essd-1131	148	2	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	148	3	j.tre.2015.09.011	j.tre.2015.09.011	PROPN
essd-1131	148	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	149	1	gao	gao	PROPN
essd-1131	149	2	jie	jie	PROPN
essd-1131	149	3	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	149	4	shi	shi	PROPN
essd-1131	149	5	qizhou	qizhou	PROPN
essd-1131	149	6	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	150	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	150	2	2007	2007	NUM
essd-1131	150	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	150	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	151	1	definition	definition	NOUN
essd-1131	151	2	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	151	3	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
essd-1131	151	4	modeling	modeling	NOUN
essd-1131	151	5	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	151	6	metro	metro	PROPN
essd-1131	151	7	network	network	PROPN
essd-1131	151	8	invulnerability	invulnerability	NOUN
essd-1131	151	9	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	152	1	journal	journal	PROPN
essd-1131	152	2	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	152	3	the	the	DET
essd-1131	152	4	china	china	PROPN
essd-1131	152	5	railway	railway	PROPN
essd-1131	152	6	society	society	NOUN
essd-1131	152	7	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	152	8	03),29	03),29	NUM
essd-1131	152	9	-	-	SYM
essd-1131	152	10	33	33	NUM
essd-1131	152	11	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	153	1	doi	doi	NOUN
essd-1131	153	2	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	153	3	10.3321	10.3321	NUM
essd-1131	153	4	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	153	5	j.issn:1001	j.issn:1001	NOUN
essd-1131	153	6	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	153	7	8360.2007.03.006	8360.2007.03.006	PROPN
essd-1131	153	8	gao	gao	PROPN
essd-1131	153	9	peng	peng	PROPN
essd-1131	153	10	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	153	11	hu	hu	PROPN
essd-1131	153	12	jianbo	jianbo	PROPN
essd-1131	153	13	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	153	14	wei	wei	PROPN
essd-1131	153	15	gaole	gaole	PROPN
essd-1131	153	16	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	154	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	154	2	2013	2013	NUM
essd-1131	154	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	154	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	155	1	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	155	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	155	3	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	155	4	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	155	5	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	155	6	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	155	7	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	155	8	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	155	9	complex	complex	ADJ
essd-1131	155	10	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	155	11	with	with	ADP
essd-1131	155	12	varied	varied	ADJ
essd-1131	155	13	weight	weight	NOUN
essd-1131	155	14	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	156	1	computer	computer	NOUN
essd-1131	156	2	simulation	simulation	NOUN
essd-1131	156	3	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	156	4	09),153	09),153	NOUN
essd-1131	156	5	-	-	SYM
essd-1131	156	6	156	156	NUM
essd-1131	156	7	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	157	1	doi	doi	NOUN
essd-1131	157	2	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	157	3	10.3969	10.3969	NUM
essd-1131	157	4	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	157	5	j.issn.1006	j.issn.1006	ADJ
essd-1131	157	6	-	-	ADJ
essd-1131	157	7	9348.2013.09.035	9348.2013.09.035	NUM
essd-1131	157	8	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2017.03.002	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2017.03.002	NOUN
essd-1131	157	9	zhang/	zhang/	NUM
essd-1131	157	10	environmental	environmental	ADJ
essd-1131	157	11	science	science	NOUN
essd-1131	157	12	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	157	13	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
essd-1131	157	14	development	development	NOUN
essd-1131	157	15	pg	pg	NOUN
essd-1131	157	16	.	.	PROPN
essd-1131	157	17	8	8	NUM
essd-1131	157	18	gao	gao	PROPN
essd-1131	157	19	lei	lei	PROPN
essd-1131	157	20	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	157	21	li	li	PROPN
essd-1131	157	22	shubin	shubin	PROPN
essd-1131	157	23	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	158	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	158	2	2024	2024	NUM
essd-1131	158	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	158	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	159	1	importance	importance	NOUN
essd-1131	159	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
essd-1131	159	3	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	159	4	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	159	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	159	6	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	159	7	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	159	8	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	159	9	transit	transit	PROPN
essd-1131	159	10	stations[j	stations[j	PROPN
essd-1131	159	11	]	]	PUNCT
essd-1131	159	12	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	160	1	logistics	logistic	NOUN
essd-1131	160	2	scitech,2024,47(15):70	scitech,2024,47(15):70	NOUN
essd-1131	160	3	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	160	4	74	74	NUM
essd-1131	161	1	+	+	SYM
essd-1131	161	2	84.doi:10.13714	84.doi:10.13714	NOUN
essd-1131	161	3	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	161	4	j.cnki.1002	j.cnki.1002	NOUN
essd-1131	161	5	-	-	NOUN
essd-1131	161	6	3100.2024.15.018	3100.2024.15.018	PROPN
essd-1131	161	7	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	162	1	jin	jin	PROPN
essd-1131	162	2	kun	kun	PROPN
essd-1131	162	3	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	162	4	wang	wang	PROPN
essd-1131	162	5	wei	wei	PROPN
essd-1131	162	6	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	162	7	li	li	PROPN
essd-1131	162	8	xinran	xinran	PROPN
essd-1131	162	9	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	162	10	hua	hua	PROPN
essd-1131	162	11	xuedong	xuedong	PROPN
essd-1131	162	12	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	162	13	qin	qin	PROPN
essd-1131	162	14	shaoyang	shaoyang	PROPN
essd-1131	162	15	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	162	16	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	162	17	2022	2022	NUM
essd-1131	162	18	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	162	19	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	163	1	exploring	explore	VERB
essd-1131	163	2	the	the	DET
essd-1131	163	3	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	163	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	163	5	public	public	ADJ
essd-1131	163	6	transportation	transportation	NOUN
essd-1131	163	7	system	system	NOUN
essd-1131	163	8	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	163	9	augmented	augment	VERB
essd-1131	163	10	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	163	11	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	163	12	a	a	DET
essd-1131	163	13	case	case	NOUN
essd-1131	163	14	from	from	ADP
essd-1131	163	15	nanjing	nanjing	PROPN
essd-1131	163	16	china	china	PROPN
essd-1131	163	17	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	164	1	physica	physica	PROPN
essd-1131	164	2	a	a	DET
essd-1131	164	3	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	164	4	statistical	statistical	ADJ
essd-1131	164	5	mechanics	mechanic	NOUN
essd-1131	164	6	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	164	7	its	its	PRON
essd-1131	164	8	applications(p1	applications(p1	NOUN
essd-1131	164	9	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	164	10	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	164	11	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2022.128252	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2022.128252	PROPN
essd-1131	164	12	li	li	PROPN
essd-1131	164	13	jie	jie	PROPN
essd-1131	164	14	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	164	15	zhang	zhang	PROPN
essd-1131	164	16	xinyu	xinyu	PROPN
essd-1131	164	17	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	165	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	165	2	2024	2024	NUM
essd-1131	165	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	165	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	166	1	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	166	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	166	3	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	166	4	expressway	expressway	NOUN
essd-1131	166	5	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	166	6	under	under	ADP
essd-1131	166	7	the	the	DET
essd-1131	166	8	influence	influence	NOUN
essd-1131	166	9	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	166	10	landslide	landslide	NOUN
essd-1131	166	11	disasters[j	disasters[j	PROPN
essd-1131	166	12	]	]	PUNCT
essd-1131	166	13	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	167	1	journal	journal	PROPN
essd-1131	167	2	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	167	3	hunan	hunan	PROPN
essd-1131	167	4	university	university	PROPN
essd-1131	167	5	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	167	6	natural	natural	ADJ
essd-1131	167	7	sciences),2024,1	sciences),2024,1	NOUN
essd-1131	167	8	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	167	9	11[2024	11[2024	NUM
essd-1131	167	10	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	167	11	11	11	NUM
essd-1131	167	12	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	167	13	26].http://kns.cnki.net	26].http://kns.cnki.net	NUM
essd-1131	167	14	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	167	15	kcms	kcms	NOUN
essd-1131	167	16	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	167	17	detail/43.1061.n.20240902.1643.002.html	detail/43.1061.n.20240902.1643.002.html	PROPN
essd-1131	167	18	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	168	1	li	li	PROPN
essd-1131	168	2	fan	fan	PROPN
essd-1131	168	3	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	169	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	169	2	2016	2016	NUM
essd-1131	169	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	169	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	170	1	research	research	NOUN
essd-1131	170	2	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	170	3	the	the	DET
essd-1131	170	4	structural	structural	ADJ
essd-1131	170	5	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
essd-1131	170	6	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	170	7	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	170	8	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	170	9	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	170	10	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	170	11	based	base	VERB
essd-1131	170	12	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	170	13	complex	complex	ADJ
essd-1131	170	14	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	170	15	theory(master	theory(master	PROPN
essd-1131	170	16	's	's	PART
essd-1131	170	17	thesis	thesis	NOUN
essd-1131	170	18	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	170	19	dalian	dalian	PROPN
essd-1131	170	20	jiaotong	jiaotong	PROPN
essd-1131	170	21	university	university	PROPN
essd-1131	170	22	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	170	23	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	171	1	lu	lu	PROPN
essd-1131	171	2	ruimin	ruimin	PROPN
essd-1131	171	3	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	171	4	guo	guo	PROPN
essd-1131	171	5	jinli	jinli	PROPN
essd-1131	171	6	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	172	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	172	2	2018	2018	NUM
essd-1131	172	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	172	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	173	1	topological	topological	ADJ
essd-1131	173	2	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
essd-1131	173	3	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	173	4	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	173	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	173	6	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	173	7	shanghai	shanghai	PROPN
essd-1131	173	8	bus	bus	NOUN
essd-1131	173	9	hypernetwork	hypernetwork	NOUN
essd-1131	173	10	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	174	1	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
essd-1131	174	2	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	174	3	practice	practice	NOUN
essd-1131	174	4	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	174	5	theory	theory	NOUN
essd-1131	174	6	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	174	7	20),129	20),129	PROPN
essd-1131	174	8	-	-	SYM
essd-1131	174	9	137	137	NUM
essd-1131	174	10	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	175	1	newman	newman	PROPN
essd-1131	175	2	mej	mej	PROPN
essd-1131	175	3	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	175	4	watts	watts	PROPN
essd-1131	175	5	dj	dj	PROPN
essd-1131	175	6	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	175	7	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	175	8	1999	1999	NUM
essd-1131	175	9	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	175	10	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	176	1	scaling	scale	VERB
essd-1131	176	2	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	176	3	percolation	percolation	NOUN
essd-1131	176	4	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	176	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	176	6	small	small	ADJ
essd-1131	176	7	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	176	8	world	world	NOUN
essd-1131	176	9	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	176	10	model[j	model[j	PROPN
essd-1131	176	11	]	]	PUNCT
essd-1131	176	12	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	177	1	physical	physical	PROPN
essd-1131	177	2	review.e.statistical	review.e.statistical	PROPN
essd-1131	177	3	physics	physics	PROPN
essd-1131	177	4	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	177	5	plasmas	plasma	NOUN
essd-1131	177	6	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	177	7	fluids	fluid	NOUN
essd-1131	177	8	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	177	9	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	177	10	related	related	ADJ
essd-1131	177	11	interdisciplinary	interdisciplinary	NOUN
essd-1131	177	12	topics,1999,60(6	topics,1999,60(6	VERB
essd-1131	177	13	pt.b):7332	pt.b):7332	PROPN
essd-1131	177	14	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	177	15	7342	7342	NUM
essd-1131	177	16	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	178	1	qiang	qiang	PROPN
essd-1131	178	2	tiangang	tiangang	PROPN
essd-1131	178	3	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	178	4	zhao	zhao	PROPN
essd-1131	178	5	mingming	mingming	PROPN
essd-1131	178	6	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	178	7	pei	pei	PROPN
essd-1131	178	8	yulong	yulong	PROPN
essd-1131	178	9	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	179	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	179	2	2019	2019	NUM
essd-1131	179	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	179	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	180	1	an	an	DET
essd-1131	180	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	180	3	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	180	4	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
essd-1131	180	5	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	180	6	complex	complex	ADJ
essd-1131	180	7	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	180	8	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	180	9	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	180	10	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	180	11	harbin	harbin	PROPN
essd-1131	180	12	multimode	multimode	PROPN
essd-1131	180	13	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	180	14	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	180	15	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	181	1	journal	journal	PROPN
essd-1131	181	2	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	181	3	transport	transport	NOUN
essd-1131	181	4	information	information	NOUN
essd-1131	181	5	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	181	6	safety	safety	NOUN
essd-1131	181	7	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	181	8	01),65	01),65	NUM
essd-1131	181	9	-	-	SYM
essd-1131	181	10	71	71	NUM
essd-1131	181	11	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	182	1	doi	doi	NOUN
essd-1131	182	2	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	182	3	10.3963	10.3963	NUM
essd-1131	182	4	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	182	5	j.issn.1674	j.issn.1674	NOUN
essd-1131	182	6	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	182	7	4861.2019.01.009	4861.2019.01.009	PROPN
essd-1131	182	8	tran	tran	PROPN
essd-1131	182	9	vu	vu	PROPN
essd-1131	182	10	hieu	hieu	PROPN
essd-1131	182	11	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	182	12	cheong	cheong	PROPN
essd-1131	182	13	siew	siew	PROPN
essd-1131	182	14	ann	ann	PROPN
essd-1131	182	15	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	182	16	bui	bui	PROPN
essd-1131	182	17	ngoc	ngoc	PROPN
essd-1131	182	18	dung	dung	PROPN
essd-1131	182	19	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	183	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	183	2	2019	2019	NUM
essd-1131	183	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	183	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	184	1	complex	complex	ADJ
essd-1131	184	2	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	184	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	184	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	184	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	184	6	robustness	robustness	NOUN
essd-1131	184	7	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	184	8	the	the	DET
essd-1131	184	9	hanoi	hanoi	NOUN
essd-1131	184	10	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	184	11	vietnam	vietnam	NOUN
essd-1131	184	12	bus	bus	NOUN
essd-1131	184	13	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	184	14	.journal	.journal	PROPN
essd-1131	184	15	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	184	16	systems	systems	PROPN
essd-1131	184	17	science	science	PROPN
essd-1131	184	18	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	184	19	complexity(05),1251	complexity(05),1251	PROPN
essd-1131	184	20	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	184	21	1263	1263	NUM
essd-1131	184	22	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	185	1	doi:10.1007	doi:10.1007	VERB
essd-1131	185	2	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	185	3	s11424	s11424	VERB
essd-1131	185	4	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	185	5	019	019	NUM
essd-1131	185	6	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	185	7	7431	7431	NUM
essd-1131	185	8	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	185	9	x.	x.	NOUN
essd-1131	185	10	wang	wang	PROPN
essd-1131	185	11	haiping	haiping	PROPN
essd-1131	185	12	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	186	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	186	2	2016	2016	NUM
essd-1131	186	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	186	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	187	1	numerical	numerical	PROPN
essd-1131	187	2	characteristics	characteristics	PROPN
essd-1131	187	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
essd-1131	187	4	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	187	5	the	the	DET
essd-1131	187	6	complex	complex	ADJ
essd-1131	187	7	traffic	traffic	NOUN
essd-1131	187	8	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	187	9	in	in	ADP
essd-1131	187	10	wuchang	wuchang	PROPN
essd-1131	187	11	urban	urban	PROPN
essd-1131	187	12	area	area	PROPN
essd-1131	187	13	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	188	1	the	the	DET
essd-1131	188	2	guide	guide	NOUN
essd-1131	188	3	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	188	4	science	science	NOUN
essd-1131	188	5	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	188	6	education	education	PROPN
essd-1131	188	7	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	188	8	10):190	10):190	NUM
essd-1131	188	9	-	-	SYM
essd-1131	188	10	190	190	NUM
essd-1131	188	11	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	189	1	doi:10.3969	doi:10.3969	NOUN
essd-1131	189	2	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	190	1	jissn.1674	jissn.1674	NOUN
essd-1131	190	2	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	190	3	6813(s).2016.10.144	6813(s).2016.10.144	NUM
essd-1131	190	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	191	1	wang	wang	PROPN
essd-1131	191	2	yi	yi	PROPN
essd-1131	191	3	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	191	4	yang	yang	PROPN
essd-1131	191	5	chao	chao	PROPN
essd-1131	191	6	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	192	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	192	2	2009	2009	NUM
essd-1131	192	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	192	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	193	1	study	study	NOUN
essd-1131	193	2	on	on	ADP
essd-1131	193	3	the	the	DET
essd-1131	193	4	complex	complex	ADJ
essd-1131	193	5	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	193	6	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
essd-1131	193	7	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	193	8	shanghai	shanghai	PROPN
essd-1131	193	9	's	's	PART
essd-1131	193	10	metro	metro	PROPN
essd-1131	193	11	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	193	12	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	194	1	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	194	2	mass	mass	PROPN
essd-1131	194	3	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	194	4	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	194	5	02),3336	02),3336	PROPN
essd-1131	194	6	+	+	PROPN
essd-1131	194	7	55.doi	55.doi	PROPN
essd-1131	194	8	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	194	9	10.16037	10.16037	NUM
essd-1131	194	10	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	194	11	j.1007	j.1007	NOUN
essd-1131	194	12	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	194	13	869x.2009.02.005	869x.2009.02.005	NUM
essd-1131	194	14	wei	wei	PROPN
essd-1131	194	15	wang	wang	PROPN
essd-1131	194	16	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	194	17	wei	wei	PROPN
essd-1131	194	18	deng	deng	PROPN
essd-1131	194	19	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	194	20	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	194	21	qi	qi	PROPN
essd-1131	194	22	yang	yang	PROPN
essd-1131	194	23	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	195	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	195	2	2001	2001	NUM
essd-1131	195	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	195	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	196	1	methods	method	NOUN
essd-1131	196	2	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	196	3	planning	planning	NOUN
essd-1131	196	4	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	196	5	construction	construction	NOUN
essd-1131	196	6	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	196	7	management	management	NOUN
essd-1131	196	8	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	196	9	highway	highway	NOUN
essd-1131	196	10	networks	network	NOUN
essd-1131	196	11	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	197	1	science	science	NOUN
essd-1131	197	2	press	press	PROPN
essd-1131	197	3	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	198	1	zhang	zhang	PROPN
essd-1131	198	2	&	&	CCONJ
essd-1131	198	3	dong	dong	PROPN
essd-1131	198	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	199	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	199	2	2018	2018	NUM
essd-1131	199	3	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	199	4	resiliency	resiliency	NOUN
essd-1131	199	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
essd-1131	199	6	of	of	ADP
essd-1131	199	7	urban	urban	ADJ
essd-1131	199	8	rail	rail	NOUN
essd-1131	199	9	transit	transit	NOUN
essd-1131	199	10	networks	network	NOUN
essd-1131	199	11	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	199	12	shanghai	shanghai	PROPN
essd-1131	199	13	metro	metro	PROPN
essd-1131	199	14	as	as	ADP
essd-1131	199	15	an	an	DET
essd-1131	199	16	example[j	example[j	NOUN
essd-1131	199	17	]	]	PUNCT
essd-1131	199	18	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	200	1	safety	safety	NOUN
essd-1131	200	2	science,106230	science,106230	VERB
essd-1131	200	3	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	200	4	243	243	NUM
essd-1131	200	5	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	201	1	doi:10.1016	doi:10.1016	PROPN
essd-1131	201	2	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	201	3	j.ssci.2018.03.023	j.ssci.2018.03.023	PROPN
essd-1131	201	4	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	202	1	zuo	zuo	PROPN
essd-1131	202	2	jiwei	jiwei	PROPN
essd-1131	202	3	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	203	1	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	203	2	2008).research	2008).research	NUM
essd-1131	203	3	for	for	ADP
essd-1131	203	4	scale	scale	NOUN
essd-1131	203	5	-	-	PUNCT
essd-1131	203	6	free	free	ADJ
essd-1131	203	7	network	network	NOUN
essd-1131	203	8	model	model	NOUN
essd-1131	203	9	and	and	CCONJ
essd-1131	203	10	cascading	cascade	VERB
essd-1131	203	11	failure	failure	NOUN
essd-1131	203	12	(	(	PUNCT
essd-1131	203	13	master	master	NOUN
essd-1131	203	14	's	's	PART
essd-1131	203	15	thesis	thesis	NOUN
essd-1131	203	16	,	,	PUNCT
essd-1131	203	17	jiangsu	jiangsu	PROPN
essd-1131	203	18	university	university	PROPN
essd-1131	203	19	)	)	PUNCT
essd-1131	203	20	.	.	PUNCT
essd-1131	204	1	doi	doi	NOUN
essd-1131	204	2	:	:	PUNCT
essd-1131	204	3	10.7666	10.7666	NUM
essd-1131	204	4	/	/	SYM
essd-1131	204	5	dy1262074	dy1262074	PROPN
essd-1131	204	6	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2022.128252	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2022.128252	NOUN