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Vol. 3, No. 1, 2021, pp. 15-20 ISSN 2656-6052 (online) | 2656-1107 (print) 
 
 

      10.26555/eshr.v3i1.3594 15  
  

Research Article 
 
Hospital Management Information Systems Acceptance at 
Wonosari Regional Hospital, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, 
Indonesia 
 
Ahmad Samratul Aula 1,* 

1 Department of Public Health, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 
 
*Correspondence: aulachmad8@gmail.com. Phone: +6282141450570 
 
Received 31 January 2021; Accepted 03 March 2021; Published 04 March 2021 
 

ABSTRACT 

Background: The hospital management information system (HMIS) is a computer system 
that processes entire health care business processes, including reporting and administrative 
procedures, to obtain information quickly, precisely, and accurately. The Wonosari Regional 
Hospital is a type B hospital that has implemented the HMIS. This study aimed to analyse 
the HMIS use in the Wonosari Regional Hospital, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. 
Method: This is a quantitative study using a cross sectional design. Seventy-nine staffs 
participated in this study that recruited using the purposive sampling technique. Data were 
collected using a pre-tested questionnaire, then analysed statistically. 
Results: Perceived ease of use was found significant associated with HMIS use (p-value ≤ 
0.05).  
Conclusion: Perceived ease of use influenced the use of HMIS at the Wonosari Regional 
Hospital, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta 

Keywords: Sex; Ease of use; Usefulness; Attitude; SIMRS 

INTRODUCTION 

Information systems are a method to collect, enter, proceed, and store data and manage, 
control, and report information in such a way to support the organisation goals (1). The 

information system is a strategy to provide customer-oriented services or health service users, 

including in hospital settings. Hospital customers can be internal and external customers. 

Internal customers are all parties in the hospital environment, including the owner, 

management, and hospital employees. Meanwhile, external customers are more hospital 

services users, including patients, patient families, partners, suppliers, and the wider 

community (2). 

An information system is related to computers usage. The availability of computers used is an 

essential element for the hospital to run HMIS. The hospital unit that runs HMIS includes 

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patient management, clinical management, medical diagnosis, supply management, financial 

management, support services, and the education and research section (3). Based on the 

Regulation of Indonesia Minister of Health (Menkes RI) Number 82 of 2013, article 3 about 

Hospital Management Information Systems explains that all hospitals in Indonesia are 

required to use HMIS to facilitate the exchange and produce appropriate, accurate, and 

renewable information - within and between the hospital, as well as to the ministry of health. 

Refer to that regulation, the HMIS application can be sourced from the ministry of health or 

can be developed by the hospital but must comply with the ministry of health (4). 

In the hospital setting, generally, they develop HMIS by involving the external IT vendor. This 

cooperation tied in the long term, including upgrading and maintaining software in the HMIS 

(5). Apart from that, the functionality of the system is also an essential factor in implementing 

HMIS. The availability of a system will be adequate if it builds based on the hospital staff's 

necessity. HMIS ease of use is one of the consideration during system development (6).  

The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is a theory about the use of information systems 

that are considered very influential and is generally used to explain the individual acceptance 

of information technology systems. The TAM's basic concept is perceived usefulness and 

ease of use, which means a person's perception of using information systems useful in an 

organisation. The TAM has many advantages, including the behaviour model that is useful for 

answering why many information systems are not sustained because users do not intend to 

use technology (7). 

Based on the preliminary study conducted at the Wonosari Regional Hospital, Gunungkidul, 

Yogyakarta, it is known that this hospital using HMIS for some years. The was shifting of the 

HMIS in term of the improvement process from the vendor to the hospital's internal IT. HMIS 

in this hospital is integrated with all unit in the hospital. All this time, some employees feel 

complaining about operation HMIS during the transition. Accordingly, an acceptance analysis 

is needed to see the challenge of system implementation. 

METHOD 

A quantitative study with a cross sectional design was conducted in the Wonosari Regional 

Hospital of Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, from March-May 2020. The population for this study was 

all staffs experienced in operating the HMIS (n=260). The sample was calculated using the 

Raosoft sample size calculator with a 95% confidence level and a 10% margin of error. Based 

on the calculation, the minimum sample size was 71, and we added 10% as an alternative 

sample. Thus, in total, we selected and collected 79 samples chosen using incidental 

sampling.  

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A set of pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data from the respective respondent. 

Chi-square test was employed to see the association among the variable involved refer to 

TAM concept.  

RESULTS 

Characteristic of Respondent 

Table 1 shows the characteristic among 79 respondents. Most of the respondent was male 
(70.9%). More than half of the respondents stated comfortable using current HMIS, but more 
than 60% said the HMIS not beneficial for them. Almost 70% of the respondent reported an 
excellent attitude toward using HMIS. 

Table 1. Respondent Characteristic 
 

Characteristic N (%) 
Sex  

Male 56 (70.9) 
Female 23 (29.1) 

Perception ease of use  
Challenging 38 (48.1) 
Comfortable 41 (51.9) 

Perception of usefulness  
Not useful 51 (65.8) 
Useful 27 (34.2) 

Attitude  
Poor 24 (30.4) 
Good 55 (69.6) 

 
Statistical analysis 
 
Chi-square test in Table 2 shows there was no relationship between HMIS used in Wonosari 
Regional Hospital versus Sex, perception of usefulness and attitude. The only perception of 
ease of use was significantly associated with HMIS (p-value = 0.03).  
 

Table 2. Relationship Between Sex and HMIS Use 
 

 
Variable 

HMIS Use  
P-value Poor Good Total 

N % N % N % 
Sex 0.70 Female 29 36.7 27 34.2 56 70.9 

Male 13 16.5 10 12.6 23 29.1 
Perception ease of use  

0.03 Challenging 25 31.6 13 16.5 38 48.1 
Comfortable 17 21.5 24 30.4 41 51.9 

Perception of usefulness 
0.75 Not useful 27 34.2 25 31.6 52 65.8 

Useful 15 19.0 12 15.2 27 34.2 
Attitude  

0.18 Poor 26 32.9 28 35.4 54 30.4 
Good 16 20.3 9 11.4 25 69.6 

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DISCUSSION 

This study aims to assess the relationship between the usage of HMIS and some variables 

related to the perception of using the HMIS as part of the TAM model conducted in Wonosari 

Regional Hospital, Gunungkidul. Among the four-variable assessed sex, perceived ease of 

use, perception of usefulness and attitude on HMIS, we found the only perception of ease of 

use has a significant association with the HMIS use, and the three other variables are not 

associated.  

Perceived ease of use is the primary variable that influencing the acceptance of HMIS in the 

research location. This finding highlighted that during the HMIS development, literary 

procedure to test the system is essential to know the needs and the ease of using the system. 

Our discovery was strengthening by some previous researches that perceived ease of use 

was determinant for the benefit of HMIS in particular hospital (8–10).  

In our research being male of females do not influence the respondent acceptance of HMIS. 

This study's results follow previous research that showed that gender did not significantly 

affect perceived usefulness - in another word that sex is not an obstacle in the application of 

technology even though in some settings it could be a problem due to the social norm (11)(12). 

In our research setting, perception of usefulness is not influenced by respondent sex of the 

employee because, in the application, all employees are given the same direction on using 

the HMIS. 

Users believe that using an information system improves their performance on completing 

their job (13). This illustrates the system's usefulness from the user point of views that 

promising for the hospital management to continue using the HMIS. Our result is in line with 

the previous research that showed the higher desire of medical staff to adopt technology 

because they acknowledge the system's usefulness (14)(15). Perceived use among users 

explained that HMIS rolled on accelerating their work, simplifying their medical record data 

storage, improving performance in managing hospital data, and facilitating patient data 

management. Our result found that respondent reported negatively perceived usefulness 

related to the HMIS in their workplace. Our observation supported that the HMIS could not 

facilitate the finding process of the medical record. This research matches previous research 

that states that user perceptions of the usefulness of information technology affect the 

acceptance of information technology systems (16). Still, it differs from previous research that 

perceives usefulness as the predictor of technology acceptance (17). This is related to the 

absence of interest for employees in the organisation's goals as a whole so that the system's 

usefulness does not increase their desire to use the system.  

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A good attitude towards HMIS is related to the feeling that HMIS provides a good impact on 

the hospital, user volunteer using the system, feeling safe storing the data and simplifying their 

work. In this study, we found that attitude did not influence HMIS use. Our finding is in line 

with former research, which states that user attitudes towards use do not significantly affect 

the acceptance of Information Technology. This is also consistent with Sun's study, which 

found that attitude was not a predictor of behavioural interest or the use of HMIS (18) but in 

contrast with research in Malaysia that found attitude a significant predictor of using the 

technology (19). 

CONCLUSION 

Among the four-variable assessed sex, perceived ease of use, perception of usefulness and 
attitude on HMIS usage, we found the only perception of ease of use has a significant 
association with the HMIS use, and the three other variables are not associated.  

Authors' Contribution 

ASA contributed to designing the study, collected and analysed the data, and wrote the 
manuscript's first draft. SS contributed to developing the research and review the analysis and 
the manuscript draft. 

Funding 

This research did not receive external funding. 

Conflict of interest 

The authors declare there is no conflict of interest. 

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