id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ejnm-307	1	1	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	PROPN
ejnm-307	1	2	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	1	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ejnm-307	1	4	nurs	nurs	PROPN
ejnm-307	1	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	2	1	midwifery	midwifery	ADJ
ejnm-307	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	2	3	vol	vol	NOUN
ejnm-307	2	4	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	2	5	8	8	NUM
ejnm-307	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	2	7	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	2	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	2	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	3	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	5	may	may	AUX
ejnm-307	3	6	2025	2025	NUM
ejnm-307	3	7	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	3	8	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	9	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	3	10	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	3	11	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	3	13	non	non	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	14	-	-	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	15	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	16	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	3	17	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	3	18	city	city	PROPN
ejnm-307	3	19	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	20	kurdistan	kurdistan	PROPN
ejnm-307	3	21	region	region	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	22	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	23	iraq	iraq	PROPN
ejnm-307	3	24	abstract	abstract	ADJ
ejnm-307	3	25	background	background	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	26	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	3	27	objectives	objective	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	28	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	29	coronavirus	coronavirus	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	30	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	31	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	32	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	3	33	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	34	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	35	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	3	36	severe	severe	ADJ
ejnm-307	3	37	respiratory	respiratory	ADJ
ejnm-307	3	38	syndrome	syndrome	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	39	caused	cause	VERB
ejnm-307	3	40	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	3	41	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	3	42	novel	novel	ADJ
ejnm-307	3	43	strain	strain	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	44	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	3	45	coronavirus	coronavirus	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	46	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	47	sars	sar	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	48	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	49	cov-2	cov-2	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	50	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	51	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	3	52	became	become	VERB
ejnm-307	3	53	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	3	54	global	global	ADJ
ejnm-307	3	55	public	public	ADJ
ejnm-307	3	56	health	health	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	57	concern	concern	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	58	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	3	59	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	3	60	declared	declare	VERB
ejnm-307	3	61	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	3	62	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
ejnm-307	3	63	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	3	64	who	who	PRON
ejnm-307	3	65	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	4	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	4	2	associations	association	NOUN
ejnm-307	4	3	between	between	ADP
ejnm-307	4	4	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	4	5	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	4	6	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	4	7	infection	infection	NOUN
ejnm-307	4	8	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	4	9	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	4	10	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ejnm-307	4	11	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	4	12	ambiguous	ambiguous	ADJ
ejnm-307	4	13	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	5	1	this	this	DET
ejnm-307	5	2	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	5	3	aimed	aim	VERB
ejnm-307	5	4	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	5	5	determine	determine	VERB
ejnm-307	5	6	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	5	7	associations	association	NOUN
ejnm-307	5	8	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	5	9	self	self	NOUN
ejnm-307	5	10	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	5	11	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	5	12	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ejnm-307	5	13	cases	case	NOUN
ejnm-307	5	14	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	5	15	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	5	16	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	5	17	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	5	18	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	5	19	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	5	20	compare	compare	VERB
ejnm-307	5	21	it	it	PRON
ejnm-307	5	22	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	5	23	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	5	24	rate	rate	NOUN
ejnm-307	5	25	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	5	26	non	non	NOUN
ejnm-307	5	27	-	-	NOUN
ejnm-307	5	28	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	5	29	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	5	30	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	5	31	city	city	PROPN
ejnm-307	5	32	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	6	1	methods	method	NOUN
ejnm-307	6	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	6	3	this	this	DET
ejnm-307	6	4	cross	cross	ADJ
ejnm-307	6	5	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	6	6	sectional	sectional	ADJ
ejnm-307	6	7	house	house	NOUN
ejnm-307	6	8	survey	survey	NOUN
ejnm-307	6	9	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	6	10	conducted	conduct	VERB
ejnm-307	6	11	between	between	ADP
ejnm-307	6	12	september	september	PROPN
ejnm-307	6	13	2021	2021	NUM
ejnm-307	6	14	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	6	15	june	june	PROPN
ejnm-307	6	16	2022	2022	NUM
ejnm-307	6	17	through	through	ADP
ejnm-307	6	18	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	6	19	multi	multi	ADJ
ejnm-307	6	20	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	6	21	stage	stage	NOUN
ejnm-307	6	22	cluster	cluster	NOUN
ejnm-307	6	23	sampling	sample	VERB
ejnm-307	6	24	method	method	NOUN
ejnm-307	6	25	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	6	26	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	6	27	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	6	28	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	6	29	2601	2601	NUM
ejnm-307	6	30	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ejnm-307	6	31	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	6	32	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	6	33	city	city	PROPN
ejnm-307	6	34	through	through	ADP
ejnm-307	6	35	direct	direct	ADJ
ejnm-307	6	36	interviews	interview	NOUN
ejnm-307	6	37	using	use	VERB
ejnm-307	6	38	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	6	39	specially	specially	ADV
ejnm-307	6	40	designed	design	VERB
ejnm-307	6	41	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
ejnm-307	6	42	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	6	43	collect	collect	VERB
ejnm-307	6	44	data	datum	NOUN
ejnm-307	6	45	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	7	1	results	result	NOUN
ejnm-307	7	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	7	3	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	7	4	mean	mean	ADJ
ejnm-307	7	5	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	7	6	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	7	7	38.75	38.75	NUM
ejnm-307	7	8	+	+	NUM
ejnm-307	7	9	13.79	13.79	NUM
ejnm-307	7	10	years	year	NOUN
ejnm-307	7	11	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	7	12	range	range	NOUN
ejnm-307	7	13	18	18	NUM
ejnm-307	7	14	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	7	15	76	76	NUM
ejnm-307	7	16	years	year	NOUN
ejnm-307	7	17	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	7	18	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	8	1	more	more	ADJ
ejnm-307	8	2	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	8	3	half	half	NOUN
ejnm-307	8	4	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	8	5	58.9	58.9	NUM
ejnm-307	8	6	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	8	7	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	8	8	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	8	9	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	8	10	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	8	11	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	8	12	males	male	NOUN
ejnm-307	8	13	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	9	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	9	2	proportion	proportion	NOUN
ejnm-307	9	3	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	9	4	current	current	ADJ
ejnm-307	9	5	daily	daily	ADJ
ejnm-307	9	6	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	9	7	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	9	8	44.3	44.3	NUM
ejnm-307	9	9	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	9	10	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	9	11	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	9	12	33.2	33.2	NUM
ejnm-307	9	13	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	9	14	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	9	15	those	those	PRON
ejnm-307	9	16	who	who	PRON
ejnm-307	9	17	had	have	AUX
ejnm-307	9	18	never	never	ADV
ejnm-307	9	19	smoked	smoke	VERB
ejnm-307	9	20	before	before	ADV
ejnm-307	9	21	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	10	1	17.5	17.5	NUM
ejnm-307	10	2	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	10	3	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	10	4	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	10	5	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	10	6	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	10	7	infected	infect	VERB
ejnm-307	10	8	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	10	9	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	10	10	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	10	11	virus	virus	NOUN
ejnm-307	10	12	during	during	ADP
ejnm-307	10	13	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	10	14	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
ejnm-307	10	15	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	11	1	there	there	PRON
ejnm-307	11	2	was	be	VERB
ejnm-307	11	3	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	11	4	statistically	statistically	ADV
ejnm-307	11	5	significant	significant	ADJ
ejnm-307	11	6	association	association	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	7	between	between	ADP
ejnm-307	11	8	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	11	9	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	10	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	11	11	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	11	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	11	13	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	11	14	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	11	16	gender	gender	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	17	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	11	18	marital	marital	ADJ
ejnm-307	11	19	status	status	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	20	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	11	21	education	education	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	22	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	23	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	11	24	occupation	occupation	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	25	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	11	26	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	27	status	status	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	28	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	11	29	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	11	30	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ejnm-307	11	31	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	32	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	11	33	participants	participant	NOUN
ejnm-307	11	34	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	12	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ejnm-307	12	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	12	3	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	12	4	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
ejnm-307	12	5	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	12	6	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	12	7	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	12	8	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	12	9	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	12	10	significantly	significantly	ADV
ejnm-307	12	11	higher	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	12	12	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	12	13	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	12	14	non	non	NOUN
ejnm-307	12	15	-	-	NOUN
ejnm-307	12	16	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	12	17	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	13	1	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	13	2	statistically	statistically	ADV
ejnm-307	13	3	significant	significant	ADJ
ejnm-307	13	4	association	association	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	5	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	13	6	found	find	VERB
ejnm-307	13	7	between	between	ADP
ejnm-307	13	8	selfreported	selfreporte	VERB
ejnm-307	13	9	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ejnm-307	13	10	cases	case	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	11	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	13	12	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	13	13	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	13	14	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	13	15	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	16	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	13	17	gender	gender	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	18	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	13	19	marital	marital	ADJ
ejnm-307	13	20	status	status	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	13	22	education	education	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	23	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	24	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	13	25	occupation	occupation	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	26	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	13	27	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	28	status	status	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	29	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	13	30	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	13	31	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ejnm-307	13	32	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	33	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	13	34	participants	participant	NOUN
ejnm-307	13	35	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	3	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	4	;	;	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	5	household	household	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	6	;	;	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	7	survey	survey	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	8	;	;	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	9	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	10	;	;	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	11	non	non	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	12	-	-	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	13	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	14	kareem	kareem	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	15	jamal	jamal	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	16	hamad	hamad	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	17	;	;	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	18	department	department	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	19	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	14	20	nursing	nursing	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	22	soran	soran	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	23	technical	technical	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	24	college	college	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	25	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	26	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	27	polytechnic	polytechnic	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	28	university	university	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	29	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	30	kurdistan	kurdistan	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	31	region	region	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	32	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	33	iraq	iraq	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	34	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	35	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	36	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	37	kareem.hamad@epu.edu.iq	kareem.hamad@epu.edu.iq	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	38	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	39	namir	namir	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	40	ghanim	ghanim	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	41	al	al	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	42	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	43	tawil	tawil	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	44	;	;	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	45	department	department	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	46	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	14	47	community	community	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	48	medicine	medicine	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	49	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	50	college	college	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	51	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	14	52	medicine	medicine	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	53	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	54	hawler	hawler	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	55	medical	medical	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	56	university	university	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	57	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	58	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	59	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	60	kurdistan	kurdistan	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	61	region	region	NOUN
ejnm-307	14	62	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	14	63	iraq	iraq	PROPN
ejnm-307	14	64	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	15	1	30	30	NUM
ejnm-307	15	2	received	receive	VERB
ejnm-307	15	3	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	15	4	28/04/2024	28/04/2024	NUM
ejnm-307	15	5	accepted	accept	VERB
ejnm-307	15	6	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	15	7	18/12/2024	18/12/2024	NUM
ejnm-307	15	8	published	publish	VERB
ejnm-307	15	9	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	15	10	30/05/2025	30/05/2025	NUM
ejnm-307	15	11	copyright	copyright	NOUN
ejnm-307	15	12	©	©	ADP
ejnm-307	15	13	2025the	2025the	PROPN
ejnm-307	15	14	author(s	author(s	NOUN
ejnm-307	15	15	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	15	16	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	16	1	this	this	PRON
ejnm-307	16	2	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	16	3	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	16	4	open	open	ADJ
ejnm-307	16	5	access	access	NOUN
ejnm-307	16	6	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	16	7	which	which	PRON
ejnm-307	16	8	licensed	license	VERB
ejnm-307	16	9	under	under	ADP
ejnm-307	16	10	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	16	11	terms	term	NOUN
ejnm-307	16	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	16	13	conditions	condition	NOUN
ejnm-307	16	14	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	16	15	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	16	16	creative	creative	ADJ
ejnm-307	16	17	commons	common	NOUN
ejnm-307	16	18	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	16	19	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	16	20	noncommercial	noncommercial	ADJ
ejnm-307	16	21	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	16	22	sharealike	sharealike	ADJ
ejnm-307	16	23	4.0	4.0	NUM
ejnm-307	16	24	international	international	ADJ
ejnm-307	16	25	license	license	NOUN
ejnm-307	16	26	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	17	1	it	it	PRON
ejnm-307	17	2	permits	permit	VERB
ejnm-307	17	3	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	17	4	additional	additional	ADJ
ejnm-307	17	5	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
ejnm-307	17	6	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	17	7	use	use	NOUN
ejnm-307	17	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	17	9	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	17	10	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	17	11	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	17	12	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ejnm-307	17	13	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	17	14	any	any	DET
ejnm-307	17	15	medium	medium	NOUN
ejnm-307	17	16	provided	provide	VERB
ejnm-307	17	17	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	17	18	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	17	19	work	work	NOUN
ejnm-307	17	20	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	17	21	properly	properly	ADV
ejnm-307	17	22	cited	cite	VERB
ejnm-307	17	23	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	18	1	mailto:kareem.hamad@epu.edu.iq?subject=kareem.hamad@epu.edu.iq	mailto:kareem.hamad@epu.edu.iq?subject=kareem.hamad@epu.edu.iq	NUM
ejnm-307	18	2	mailto:jawdat.baker@hmu.edu.krd?subject=jawdat.baker@hmu.edu.krd%20%20%20	mailto:jawdat.baker@hmu.edu.krd?subject=jawdat.baker@hmu.edu.krd%20%20%20	PROPN
ejnm-307	18	3	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	PROPN
ejnm-307	18	4	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	PROPN
ejnm-307	18	5	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	18	6	j.	j.	PROPN
ejnm-307	18	7	nurs	nurs	PROPN
ejnm-307	18	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	19	1	midwifery	midwifery	ADJ
ejnm-307	19	2	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	19	3	vol	vol	NOUN
ejnm-307	19	4	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	19	5	8	8	NUM
ejnm-307	19	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	19	7	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	19	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	20	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	20	2	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	20	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	20	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	20	5	may	may	AUX
ejnm-307	20	6	2025	2025	NUM
ejnm-307	20	7	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	20	8	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	20	9	since	since	SCONJ
ejnm-307	20	10	being	be	AUX
ejnm-307	20	11	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	20	12	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	20	13	china	china	PROPN
ejnm-307	20	14	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	20	15	late	late	ADJ
ejnm-307	20	16	december	december	PROPN
ejnm-307	20	17	2019	2019	NUM
ejnm-307	20	18	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	20	19	coronavirus	coronavirus	NOUN
ejnm-307	20	20	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	20	21	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	20	22	covid19	covid19	PROPN
ejnm-307	20	23	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	20	24	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	20	25	which	which	PRON
ejnm-307	20	26	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	20	27	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	20	28	severe	severe	ADJ
ejnm-307	20	29	acute	acute	ADJ
ejnm-307	20	30	respiratory	respiratory	ADJ
ejnm-307	20	31	syndrome	syndrome	NOUN
ejnm-307	20	32	caused	cause	VERB
ejnm-307	20	33	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	20	34	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	20	35	novel	novel	ADJ
ejnm-307	20	36	strain	strain	NOUN
ejnm-307	20	37	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	20	38	coronavirus	coronavirus	NOUN
ejnm-307	20	39	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	20	40	sars	sar	NOUN
ejnm-307	20	41	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	20	42	cov-2	cov-2	NOUN
ejnm-307	20	43	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	20	44	became	become	VERB
ejnm-307	20	45	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	20	46	global	global	ADJ
ejnm-307	20	47	public	public	ADJ
ejnm-307	20	48	health	health	NOUN
ejnm-307	20	49	concern	concern	NOUN
ejnm-307	20	50	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	21	1	then	then	ADV
ejnm-307	21	2	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	21	3	march	march	PROPN
ejnm-307	21	4	11	11	NUM
ejnm-307	21	5	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	21	6	2020	2020	NUM
ejnm-307	21	7	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	21	8	who	who	PRON
ejnm-307	21	9	declared	declare	VERB
ejnm-307	21	10	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	21	11	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	21	12	pandemic	pandemic	ADJ
ejnm-307	21	13	[	[	X
ejnm-307	21	14	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	21	15	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	21	16	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	22	1	although	although	SCONJ
ejnm-307	22	2	at	at	ADP
ejnm-307	22	3	first	first	ADJ
ejnm-307	22	4	associations	association	NOUN
ejnm-307	22	5	between	between	ADP
ejnm-307	22	6	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	22	7	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	22	8	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	22	9	infection	infection	NOUN
ejnm-307	22	10	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	22	11	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	22	12	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ejnm-307	22	13	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	22	14	ambiguous	ambiguous	ADJ
ejnm-307	22	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	22	16	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	22	17	date	date	NOUN
ejnm-307	22	18	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	22	19	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	22	20	data	datum	NOUN
ejnm-307	22	21	about	about	ADP
ejnm-307	22	22	tobacco	tobacco	NOUN
ejnm-307	22	23	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	22	24	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	22	25	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	22	26	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	22	27	adverse	adverse	ADJ
ejnm-307	22	28	prognosis	prognosis	NOUN
ejnm-307	22	29	remain	remain	VERB
ejnm-307	22	30	controversial	controversial	ADJ
ejnm-307	22	31	[	[	X
ejnm-307	22	32	2	2	NUM
ejnm-307	22	33	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	22	34	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	23	1	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	23	2	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	23	3	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	23	4	greatest	great	ADJ
ejnm-307	23	5	risk	risk	NOUN
ejnm-307	23	6	factor	factor	NOUN
ejnm-307	23	7	for	for	ADP
ejnm-307	23	8	developing	develop	VERB
ejnm-307	23	9	chronic	chronic	ADJ
ejnm-307	23	10	obstructive	obstructive	ADJ
ejnm-307	23	11	pulmonary	pulmonary	ADJ
ejnm-307	23	12	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	23	13	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	23	14	copd	copd	NOUN
ejnm-307	23	15	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	23	16	leading	lead	VERB
ejnm-307	23	17	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	23	18	pulmonary	pulmonary	ADJ
ejnm-307	23	19	inflammation	inflammation	NOUN
ejnm-307	23	20	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	24	1	smoking	smoke	VERB
ejnm-307	24	2	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	24	3	addition	addition	NOUN
ejnm-307	24	4	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	24	5	copd	copd	PROPN
ejnm-307	24	6	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	24	7	related	relate	VERB
ejnm-307	24	8	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	24	9	allcause	allcause	VERB
ejnm-307	24	10	mortality	mortality	NOUN
ejnm-307	24	11	due	due	ADP
ejnm-307	24	12	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	24	13	cancer	cancer	NOUN
ejnm-307	24	14	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	24	15	mainly	mainly	ADV
ejnm-307	24	16	lung	lung	NOUN
ejnm-307	24	17	cancer	cancer	NOUN
ejnm-307	24	18	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	25	1	[	[	X
ejnm-307	25	2	3	3	NUM
ejnm-307	25	3	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	25	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	25	5	other	other	ADJ
ejnm-307	25	6	respiratory	respiratory	ADJ
ejnm-307	25	7	infections	infection	NOUN
ejnm-307	25	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	25	9	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	25	10	cardiovascular	cardiovascular	ADJ
ejnm-307	25	11	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	25	12	[	[	X
ejnm-307	25	13	4	4	NUM
ejnm-307	25	14	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	25	15	5	5	NUM
ejnm-307	25	16	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	25	17	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	26	1	up	up	ADP
ejnm-307	26	2	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	26	3	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ejnm-307	26	4	'	'	PART
ejnm-307	26	5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ejnm-307	26	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	26	7	it	it	PRON
ejnm-307	26	8	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	26	9	necessary	necessary	ADJ
ejnm-307	26	10	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	26	11	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
ejnm-307	26	12	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	26	13	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	26	14	status	status	NOUN
ejnm-307	26	15	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	26	16	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	26	17	risk	risk	NOUN
ejnm-307	26	18	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	26	19	coronavirus	coronavirus	NOUN
ejnm-307	26	20	infection	infection	NOUN
ejnm-307	26	21	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	27	1	as	as	ADP
ejnm-307	27	2	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	27	3	result	result	NOUN
ejnm-307	27	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	27	5	this	this	DET
ejnm-307	27	6	cross	cross	NOUN
ejnm-307	27	7	-sectional	-sectional	ADJ
ejnm-307	27	8	house	house	NOUN
ejnm-307	27	9	survey	survey	NOUN
ejnm-307	27	10	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	27	11	carried	carry	VERB
ejnm-307	27	12	out	out	ADP
ejnm-307	27	13	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	27	14	determine	determine	VERB
ejnm-307	27	15	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	27	16	association	association	NOUN
ejnm-307	27	17	between	between	ADP
ejnm-307	27	18	selfreported	selfreporte	VERB
ejnm-307	27	19	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ejnm-307	27	20	cases	case	NOUN
ejnm-307	27	21	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	27	22	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	27	23	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	27	24	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	27	25	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	27	26	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	27	27	compare	compare	VERB
ejnm-307	27	28	it	it	PRON
ejnm-307	27	29	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	27	30	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	27	31	rate	rate	NOUN
ejnm-307	27	32	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	27	33	non	non	NOUN
ejnm-307	27	34	-	-	NOUN
ejnm-307	27	35	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	27	36	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	28	1	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	28	2	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
ejnm-307	28	3	cross‐sectional	cross‐sectional	ADJ
ejnm-307	28	4	household	household	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	5	survey	survey	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	6	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	28	7	carried	carry	VERB
ejnm-307	28	8	out	out	ADP
ejnm-307	28	9	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	28	10	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	28	11	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	12	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	28	13	residents	resident	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	14	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	28	15	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	28	16	city	city	PROPN
ejnm-307	28	17	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	28	18	determine	determine	VERB
ejnm-307	28	19	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	28	20	associations	association	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	21	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	28	22	self	self	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	23	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	28	24	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	28	25	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ejnm-307	28	26	cases	case	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	27	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	28	28	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	28	29	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	28	30	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	31	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	28	32	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	28	33	compare	compare	VERB
ejnm-307	28	34	it	it	PRON
ejnm-307	28	35	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	28	36	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	28	37	rate	rate	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	38	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	28	39	non	non	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	40	-	-	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	41	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	28	42	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	29	2	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	3	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	29	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
ejnm-307	29	5	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	29	6	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	29	7	city	city	PROPN
ejnm-307	29	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	9	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	29	10	capital	capital	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	11	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	29	12	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	29	13	kurdistan	kurdistan	PROPN
ejnm-307	29	14	region	region	PROPN
ejnm-307	29	15	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	16	iraq	iraq	PROPN
ejnm-307	29	17	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	18	between	between	ADP
ejnm-307	29	19	september	september	PROPN
ejnm-307	29	20	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	29	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	22	2021	2021	NUM
ejnm-307	29	23	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	24	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	29	25	june	june	PROPN
ejnm-307	29	26	30	30	NUM
ejnm-307	29	27	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	28	2022.a	2022.a	NUM
ejnm-307	29	29	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	30	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	29	31	2601	2601	NUM
ejnm-307	29	32	residents	resident	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	33	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	29	34	both	both	DET
ejnm-307	29	35	genders	gender	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	36	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	37	aged	aged	ADJ
ejnm-307	29	38	18	18	NUM
ejnm-307	29	39	years	year	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	40	or	or	CCONJ
ejnm-307	29	41	over	over	ADV
ejnm-307	29	42	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	43	who	who	PRON
ejnm-307	29	44	gave	give	VERB
ejnm-307	29	45	their	their	PRON
ejnm-307	29	46	consent	consent	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	47	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	29	48	participate	participate	VERB
ejnm-307	29	49	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	29	50	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	29	51	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	52	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	53	comprised	comprise	VERB
ejnm-307	29	54	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	29	55	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	56	selected	select	VERB
ejnm-307	29	57	using	use	VERB
ejnm-307	29	58	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	29	59	multi	multi	ADJ
ejnm-307	29	60	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	29	61	stage	stage	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	62	cluster	cluster	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	63	sampling	sampling	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	64	method	method	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	65	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	66	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	29	67	25	25	NUM
ejnm-307	29	68	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	69	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	29	70	quarters	quarter	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	71	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	29	72	each	each	DET
ejnm-307	29	73	municipality	municipality	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	74	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	29	75	chosen	choose	VERB
ejnm-307	29	76	randomly	randomly	ADV
ejnm-307	29	77	based	base	VERB
ejnm-307	29	78	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	29	79	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	29	80	administrative	administrative	ADJ
ejnm-307	29	81	map	map	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	82	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	29	83	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	29	84	city	city	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	85	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	86	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	29	87	then	then	ADV
ejnm-307	29	88	through	through	ADP
ejnm-307	29	89	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	29	90	systematic	systematic	ADJ
ejnm-307	29	91	random	random	ADJ
ejnm-307	29	92	sampling	sampling	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	93	method	method	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	94	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	95	households	household	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	96	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	29	97	each	each	DET
ejnm-307	29	98	quarter	quarter	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	99	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	29	100	selected	select	VERB
ejnm-307	29	101	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	102	table	table	NOUN
ejnm-307	29	103	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	29	104	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	29	105	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	30	1	data	datum	NOUN
ejnm-307	30	2	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	30	3	collected	collect	VERB
ejnm-307	30	4	through	through	ADP
ejnm-307	30	5	direct	direct	ADJ
ejnm-307	30	6	interviews	interview	NOUN
ejnm-307	30	7	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	30	8	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	30	9	participants	participant	NOUN
ejnm-307	30	10	using	use	VERB
ejnm-307	30	11	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	30	12	specially	specially	ADV
ejnm-307	30	13	designed	design	VERB
ejnm-307	30	14	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
ejnm-307	30	15	comprising	comprise	VERB
ejnm-307	30	16	sociodemographic	sociodemographic	ADJ
ejnm-307	30	17	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	30	18	economic	economic	ADJ
ejnm-307	30	19	features	feature	NOUN
ejnm-307	30	20	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	30	21	besides	besides	SCONJ
ejnm-307	30	22	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	30	23	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	30	24	related	relate	VERB
ejnm-307	30	25	questions	question	NOUN
ejnm-307	30	26	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	31	1	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	31	2	status	status	NOUN
ejnm-307	31	3	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	31	4	determined	determine	VERB
ejnm-307	31	5	using	use	VERB
ejnm-307	31	6	the	the	PRON
ejnm-307	31	7	who	who	PRON
ejnm-307	31	8	criteria	criterion	NOUN
ejnm-307	31	9	for	for	ADP
ejnm-307	31	10	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	31	11	as	as	ADP
ejnm-307	31	12	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	31	13	current	current	ADJ
ejnm-307	31	14	daily	daily	ADJ
ejnm-307	31	15	smoker	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	31	16	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	31	17	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	31	18	occasional	occasional	ADJ
ejnm-307	31	19	smoker	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	31	20	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	31	21	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	31	22	exsmoker	exsmoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	31	23	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	31	24	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	31	25	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	31	26	never	never	ADV
ejnm-307	31	27	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	31	28	smoker	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	32	1	[	[	X
ejnm-307	32	2	6	6	NUM
ejnm-307	32	3	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	32	4	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	33	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	33	2	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ejnm-307	33	3	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	33	4	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	33	5	participants	participant	NOUN
ejnm-307	33	6	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	33	7	calculated	calculate	VERB
ejnm-307	33	8	based	base	VERB
ejnm-307	33	9	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	33	10	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	33	11	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ejnm-307	33	12	index	index	NOUN
ejnm-307	33	13	for	for	ADP
ejnm-307	33	14	health	health	NOUN
ejnm-307	33	15	research	research	NOUN
ejnm-307	33	16	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	33	17	iraq	iraq	PROPN
ejnm-307	33	18	[	[	X
ejnm-307	33	19	7].data	7].data	PROPN
ejnm-307	33	20	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	33	21	analyzed	analyze	VERB
ejnm-307	33	22	using	use	VERB
ejnm-307	33	23	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	33	24	spss	spss	PROPN
ejnm-307	33	25	software	software	NOUN
ejnm-307	33	26	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	33	27	version	version	NOUN
ejnm-307	33	28	25	25	NUM
ejnm-307	33	29	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	33	30	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	34	1	means	mean	NOUN
ejnm-307	34	2	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	34	3	calculated	calculate	VERB
ejnm-307	34	4	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	34	5	summarize	summarize	VERB
ejnm-307	34	6	numerical	numerical	ADJ
ejnm-307	34	7	variables	variable	NOUN
ejnm-307	34	8	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	34	9	proportions	proportion	NOUN
ejnm-307	34	10	for	for	ADP
ejnm-307	34	11	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	34	12	categorical	categorical	ADJ
ejnm-307	34	13	variables	variable	NOUN
ejnm-307	34	14	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	35	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	35	2	chi	chi	ADJ
ejnm-307	35	3	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	35	4	square	square	ADJ
ejnm-307	35	5	test	test	NOUN
ejnm-307	35	6	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	35	7	used	use	VERB
ejnm-307	35	8	to	to	PART
ejnm-307	35	9	compare	compare	VERB
ejnm-307	35	10	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	35	11	proportions	proportion	NOUN
ejnm-307	35	12	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	36	1	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	36	2	p	p	NOUN
ejnm-307	36	3	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	36	4	value	value	NOUN
ejnm-307	36	5	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	36	6	≤	≤	NUM
ejnm-307	36	7	0.05	0.05	NUM
ejnm-307	36	8	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	36	9	considered	consider	VERB
ejnm-307	36	10	statistically	statistically	ADV
ejnm-307	36	11	significant	significant	ADJ
ejnm-307	36	12	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	37	1	ethical	ethical	ADJ
ejnm-307	37	2	approval	approval	NOUN
ejnm-307	37	3	for	for	ADP
ejnm-307	37	4	this	this	DET
ejnm-307	37	5	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	37	6	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	37	7	granted	grant	VERB
ejnm-307	37	8	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	37	9	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	37	10	ethics	ethic	NOUN
ejnm-307	37	11	committee	committee	PROPN
ejnm-307	37	12	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	37	13	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	37	14	college	college	NOUN
ejnm-307	37	15	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	37	16	medicine	medicine	NOUN
ejnm-307	37	17	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	37	18	hawler	hawler	PROPN
ejnm-307	37	19	medical	medical	PROPN
ejnm-307	37	20	university	university	PROPN
ejnm-307	37	21	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	37	22	2020/11/4	2020/11/4	NUM
ejnm-307	37	23	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	37	24	number	number	NOUN
ejnm-307	37	25	7	7	NUM
ejnm-307	37	26	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	37	27	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	38	1	informed	informed	ADJ
ejnm-307	38	2	consent	consent	NOUN
ejnm-307	38	3	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	38	4	provided	provide	VERB
ejnm-307	38	5	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	38	6	all	all	DET
ejnm-307	38	7	participants	participant	NOUN
ejnm-307	38	8	;	;	PUNCT
ejnm-307	38	9	verbal	verbal	ADJ
ejnm-307	38	10	consent	consent	NOUN
ejnm-307	38	11	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	38	12	taken	take	VERB
ejnm-307	38	13	from	from	ADP
ejnm-307	38	14	all	all	DET
ejnm-307	38	15	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	38	16	samples	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	38	17	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	38	18	they	they	PRON
ejnm-307	38	19	had	have	AUX
ejnm-307	38	20	been	be	AUX
ejnm-307	38	21	informed	inform	VERB
ejnm-307	38	22	about	about	ADP
ejnm-307	38	23	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	38	24	purpose	purpose	NOUN
ejnm-307	38	25	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	38	26	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	38	27	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	38	28	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	39	1	31	31	NUM
ejnm-307	39	2	copyright	copyright	NOUN
ejnm-307	39	3	©	©	PROPN
ejnm-307	39	4	2025	2025	NUM
ejnm-307	39	5	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	39	6	author(s	author(s	NOUN
ejnm-307	39	7	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	39	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	40	1	this	this	PRON
ejnm-307	40	2	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	40	3	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	40	4	open	open	ADJ
ejnm-307	40	5	access	access	NOUN
ejnm-307	40	6	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	40	7	which	which	PRON
ejnm-307	40	8	licensed	license	VERB
ejnm-307	40	9	under	under	ADP
ejnm-307	40	10	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	40	11	terms	term	NOUN
ejnm-307	40	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	40	13	conditions	condition	NOUN
ejnm-307	40	14	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	40	15	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	40	16	creative	creative	ADJ
ejnm-307	40	17	commons	common	NOUN
ejnm-307	40	18	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	40	19	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	40	20	noncommercial	noncommercial	ADJ
ejnm-307	40	21	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	40	22	sharealike	sharealike	ADJ
ejnm-307	40	23	4.0	4.0	NUM
ejnm-307	40	24	international	international	ADJ
ejnm-307	40	25	license	license	NOUN
ejnm-307	40	26	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	41	1	it	it	PRON
ejnm-307	41	2	permits	permit	VERB
ejnm-307	41	3	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	41	4	additional	additional	ADJ
ejnm-307	41	5	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
ejnm-307	41	6	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	41	7	use	use	NOUN
ejnm-307	41	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	41	9	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	41	10	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	41	11	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	41	12	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ejnm-307	41	13	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	41	14	any	any	DET
ejnm-307	41	15	medium	medium	NOUN
ejnm-307	41	16	provided	provide	VERB
ejnm-307	41	17	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	41	18	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	41	19	work	work	NOUN
ejnm-307	41	20	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	41	21	properly	properly	ADV
ejnm-307	41	22	cited	cite	VERB
ejnm-307	41	23	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	42	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ejnm-307	42	2	methods	method	NOUN
ejnm-307	42	3	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	PROPN
ejnm-307	42	4	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	PROPN
ejnm-307	42	5	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	42	6	j.	j.	PROPN
ejnm-307	42	7	nurs	nurs	PROPN
ejnm-307	42	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	43	1	midwifery	midwifery	ADJ
ejnm-307	43	2	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	43	3	vol	vol	NOUN
ejnm-307	43	4	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	43	5	8	8	NUM
ejnm-307	43	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	43	7	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	43	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	44	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	44	2	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	44	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	44	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	44	5	may	may	AUX
ejnm-307	44	6	2025	2025	NUM
ejnm-307	44	7	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	44	8	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	44	9	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	44	10	total	total	NOUN
ejnm-307	44	11	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	44	12	795	795	NUM
ejnm-307	44	13	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	44	14	30.6	30.6	NUM
ejnm-307	44	15	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	44	16	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	44	17	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	44	18	semi	semi	ADJ
ejnm-307	44	19	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	44	20	skilled	skilled	ADJ
ejnm-307	44	21	manual	manual	ADJ
ejnm-307	44	22	workers	worker	NOUN
ejnm-307	44	23	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	44	24	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	44	25	1182	1182	NUM
ejnm-307	44	26	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	44	27	45.4	45.4	NUM
ejnm-307	44	28	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	44	29	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	44	30	perceived	perceive	VERB
ejnm-307	44	31	that	that	SCONJ
ejnm-307	44	32	their	their	PRON
ejnm-307	44	33	economic	economic	ADJ
ejnm-307	44	34	situation	situation	NOUN
ejnm-307	44	35	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	44	36	from	from	ADP
ejnm-307	44	37	middle	middle	ADJ
ejnm-307	44	38	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ejnm-307	44	39	levels	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	44	40	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	44	41	table	table	NOUN
ejnm-307	44	42	2	2	NUM
ejnm-307	44	43	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	44	44	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	45	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	45	2	mean	mean	ADJ
ejnm-307	45	3	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	45	4	+	+	CCONJ
ejnm-307	45	5	sd	sd	NOUN
ejnm-307	45	6	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	45	7	38.75	38.75	NUM
ejnm-307	45	8	+	+	NUM
ejnm-307	45	9	13.790	13.790	NUM
ejnm-307	45	10	years	year	NOUN
ejnm-307	45	11	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	46	1	about	about	ADV
ejnm-307	46	2	one	one	NUM
ejnm-307	46	3	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	46	4	quarter	quarter	NOUN
ejnm-307	46	5	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	46	6	25.1	25.1	NUM
ejnm-307	46	7	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	46	8	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	46	9	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	46	10	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	46	11	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	46	12	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	46	13	50	50	NUM
ejnm-307	46	14	or	or	CCONJ
ejnm-307	46	15	older	old	ADJ
ejnm-307	46	16	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	47	1	more	more	ADJ
ejnm-307	47	2	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	47	3	half	half	NOUN
ejnm-307	47	4	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	47	5	58.9	58.9	NUM
ejnm-307	47	6	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	47	7	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	47	8	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	47	9	males	male	NOUN
ejnm-307	47	10	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	47	11	married	married	ADJ
ejnm-307	47	12	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	47	13	57.1	57.1	NUM
ejnm-307	47	14	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	47	15	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	47	16	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	48	1	concerning	concern	VERB
ejnm-307	48	2	education	education	NOUN
ejnm-307	48	3	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	48	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	48	5	30	30	NUM
ejnm-307	48	6	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	48	7	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	48	8	illiterate	illiterate	ADJ
ejnm-307	48	9	or	or	CCONJ
ejnm-307	48	10	had	have	VERB
ejnm-307	48	11	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	48	12	primary	primary	ADJ
ejnm-307	48	13	education	education	NOUN
ejnm-307	48	14	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	48	15	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	49	1	32	32	NUM
ejnm-307	49	2	copyright	copyright	NOUN
ejnm-307	49	3	©	©	PROPN
ejnm-307	49	4	2025the	2025the	PROPN
ejnm-307	49	5	author(s	author(s	NOUN
ejnm-307	49	6	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	49	7	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	50	1	this	this	PRON
ejnm-307	50	2	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	50	3	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	50	4	open	open	ADJ
ejnm-307	50	5	access	access	NOUN
ejnm-307	50	6	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	50	7	which	which	PRON
ejnm-307	50	8	licensed	license	VERB
ejnm-307	50	9	under	under	ADP
ejnm-307	50	10	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	50	11	terms	term	NOUN
ejnm-307	50	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	50	13	conditions	condition	NOUN
ejnm-307	50	14	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	50	15	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	50	16	creative	creative	ADJ
ejnm-307	50	17	commons	common	NOUN
ejnm-307	50	18	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	50	19	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	50	20	noncommercial	noncommercial	ADJ
ejnm-307	50	21	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	50	22	sharealike	sharealike	ADJ
ejnm-307	50	23	4.0	4.0	NUM
ejnm-307	50	24	international	international	ADJ
ejnm-307	50	25	license	license	NOUN
ejnm-307	50	26	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	51	1	it	it	PRON
ejnm-307	51	2	permits	permit	VERB
ejnm-307	51	3	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	51	4	additional	additional	ADJ
ejnm-307	51	5	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
ejnm-307	51	6	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	51	7	use	use	NOUN
ejnm-307	51	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	51	9	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	51	10	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	51	11	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	51	12	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ejnm-307	51	13	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	51	14	any	any	DET
ejnm-307	51	15	medium	medium	NOUN
ejnm-307	51	16	provided	provide	VERB
ejnm-307	51	17	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	51	18	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	51	19	work	work	NOUN
ejnm-307	51	20	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	51	21	properly	properly	ADV
ejnm-307	51	22	cited	cite	VERB
ejnm-307	51	23	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	52	1	result	result	NOUN
ejnm-307	52	2	table	table	NOUN
ejnm-307	52	3	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	52	4	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	52	5	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	52	6	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	52	7	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	52	8	required	require	VERB
ejnm-307	52	9	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	52	10	according	accord	VERB
ejnm-307	52	11	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	52	12	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	52	13	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	52	14	quarters	quarter	NOUN
ejnm-307	52	15	municipality	municipality	NOUN
ejnm-307	52	16	municipality	municipality	NOUN
ejnm-307	52	17	population	population	NOUN
ejnm-307	52	18	250/100,000	250/100,000	NUM
ejnm-307	52	19	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	52	20	.	.	NOUN
ejnm-307	52	21	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	52	22	quarters	quarter	NOUN
ejnm-307	52	23	25	25	NUM
ejnm-307	52	24	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	52	25	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	52	26	quarters	quarter	NOUN
ejnm-307	53	1	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	53	2	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	54	1	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	54	2	sample/	sample/	NUM
ejnm-307	54	3	quarter	quarter	NOUN
ejnm-307	54	4	required	require	VERB
ejnm-307	54	5	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	54	6	m	m	VERB
ejnm-307	54	7	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	54	8	45576	45576	NUM
ejnm-307	54	9	147.048556	147.048556	NUM
ejnm-307	54	10	11	11	NUM
ejnm-307	54	11	3	3	NUM
ejnm-307	54	12	49	49	NUM
ejnm-307	54	13	147	147	NUM
ejnm-307	54	14	m	m	NOUN
ejnm-307	54	15	2	2	NUM
ejnm-307	54	16	96276	96276	NUM
ejnm-307	54	17	310.629405	310.629405	NUM
ejnm-307	54	18	22	22	NUM
ejnm-307	54	19	6	6	NUM
ejnm-307	54	20	52	52	NUM
ejnm-307	54	21	311	311	NUM
ejnm-307	54	22	m	m	NUM
ejnm-307	54	23	3	3	NUM
ejnm-307	54	24	110964	110964	NUM
ejnm-307	54	25	358.019457	358.019457	NUM
ejnm-307	54	26	26	26	NUM
ejnm-307	54	27	7	7	NUM
ejnm-307	54	28	51	51	NUM
ejnm-307	54	29	358	358	NUM
ejnm-307	54	30	m	m	VERB
ejnm-307	54	31	4	4	NUM
ejnm-307	54	32	338100	338100	NUM
ejnm-307	54	33	1090.86170	1090.86170	NUM
ejnm-307	54	34	34	34	NUM
ejnm-307	54	35	9	9	NUM
ejnm-307	54	36	121	121	NUM
ejnm-307	54	37	1091	1091	NUM
ejnm-307	54	38	m	m	PROPN
ejnm-307	54	39	5	5	NUM
ejnm-307	54	40	97884	97884	NUM
ejnm-307	54	41	315.817532	315.817532	NUM
ejnm-307	54	42	23	23	NUM
ejnm-307	54	43	6	6	NUM
ejnm-307	54	44	53	53	NUM
ejnm-307	54	45	316	316	NUM
ejnm-307	54	46	m	m	NOUN
ejnm-307	54	47	6	6	NUM
ejnm-307	54	48	117040	117040	NUM
ejnm-307	54	49	377.623349	377.623349	NUM
ejnm-307	54	50	25	25	NUM
ejnm-307	54	51	6	6	NUM
ejnm-307	54	52	63	63	NUM
ejnm-307	54	53	378	378	NUM
ejnm-307	54	54	total	total	ADJ
ejnm-307	54	55	805840	805840	NUM
ejnm-307	54	56	2,599.9999	2,599.9999	NUM
ejnm-307	54	57	141	141	NUM
ejnm-307	54	58	37	37	NUM
ejnm-307	54	59	2601	2601	NUM
ejnm-307	54	60	table	table	NOUN
ejnm-307	54	61	2	2	NUM
ejnm-307	54	62	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	54	63	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	54	64	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	54	65	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	54	66	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	54	67	population	population	NOUN
ejnm-307	54	68	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	54	69	socio	socio	NOUN
ejnm-307	54	70	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	54	71	demographic	demographic	ADJ
ejnm-307	54	72	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
ejnm-307	54	73	variables	variable	NOUN
ejnm-307	54	74	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	54	75	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	2	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	4	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	5	groups	group	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	6	less	less	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	7	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	55	8	20	20	NUM
ejnm-307	55	9	176	176	NUM
ejnm-307	55	10	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	11	6.8	6.8	NUM
ejnm-307	55	12	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	13	20	20	NUM
ejnm-307	55	14	29	29	NUM
ejnm-307	55	15	647	647	NUM
ejnm-307	55	16	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	17	24.9	24.9	NUM
ejnm-307	55	18	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	19	30	30	NUM
ejnm-307	55	20	39	39	NUM
ejnm-307	55	21	597	597	NUM
ejnm-307	55	22	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	23	23	23	NUM
ejnm-307	55	24	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	25	40	40	NUM
ejnm-307	55	26	49	49	NUM
ejnm-307	55	27	525	525	NUM
ejnm-307	55	28	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	29	20.2	20.2	NUM
ejnm-307	55	30	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	31	50	50	NUM
ejnm-307	55	32	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	55	33	more	more	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	34	656	656	NUM
ejnm-307	55	35	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	36	25.1	25.1	NUM
ejnm-307	55	37	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	38	gender	gender	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	39	female	female	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	40	1069	1069	NUM
ejnm-307	55	41	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	42	41.1	41.1	NUM
ejnm-307	55	43	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	44	male	male	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	45	1532	1532	NUM
ejnm-307	55	46	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	47	58.9	58.9	NUM
ejnm-307	55	48	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	49	marital	marital	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	50	status	status	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	51	single	single	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	52	984	984	NUM
ejnm-307	55	53	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	54	37.8	37.8	NUM
ejnm-307	55	55	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	56	married	married	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	57	1485	1485	NUM
ejnm-307	55	58	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	59	57.1	57.1	NUM
ejnm-307	55	60	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	61	divorced	divorce	VERB
ejnm-307	55	62	21	21	NUM
ejnm-307	55	63	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	64	0.8	0.8	NUM
ejnm-307	55	65	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	66	widowed	widow	VERB
ejnm-307	55	67	111	111	NUM
ejnm-307	55	68	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	69	4.3	4.3	NUM
ejnm-307	55	70	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	71	education	education	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	72	illiterate/	illiterate/	NUM
ejnm-307	55	73	primary	primary	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	74	781	781	NUM
ejnm-307	55	75	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	76	30	30	NUM
ejnm-307	55	77	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	78	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	79	306	306	NUM
ejnm-307	55	80	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	81	11.8	11.8	NUM
ejnm-307	55	82	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	83	high	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	84	school	school	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	85	or	or	CCONJ
ejnm-307	55	86	vocational	vocational	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	87	469	469	NUM
ejnm-307	55	88	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	89	18	18	NUM
ejnm-307	55	90	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	91	graduates	graduate	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	92	*	*	VERB
ejnm-307	55	93	1045	1045	NUM
ejnm-307	55	94	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	95	40.2	40.2	NUM
ejnm-307	55	96	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	97	occupation	occupation	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	98	unskilled	unskille	VERB
ejnm-307	55	99	manual	manual	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	100	534	534	NUM
ejnm-307	55	101	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	102	20.5	20.5	NUM
ejnm-307	55	103	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	104	semi	semi	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	105	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	106	skilled	skilled	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	107	manual	manual	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	108	795	795	NUM
ejnm-307	55	109	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	110	30.6	30.6	NUM
ejnm-307	55	111	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	112	skilled	skilled	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	113	manual	manual	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	114	693	693	NUM
ejnm-307	55	115	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	116	26.6	26.6	NUM
ejnm-307	55	117	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	118	others	other	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	119	*	*	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	120	*	*	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	121	579	579	NUM
ejnm-307	55	122	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	123	22.3	22.3	NUM
ejnm-307	55	124	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	125	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	126	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	127	low	low	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	128	1134	1134	NUM
ejnm-307	55	129	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	130	43.6	43.6	NUM
ejnm-307	55	131	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	132	middle	middle	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	133	1182	1182	NUM
ejnm-307	55	134	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	135	45.4	45.4	NUM
ejnm-307	55	136	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	137	high	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	138	285	285	NUM
ejnm-307	55	139	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	140	11	11	NUM
ejnm-307	55	141	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	142	total	total	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	143	2601	2601	NUM
ejnm-307	55	144	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	145	100	100	NUM
ejnm-307	55	146	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	147	*	*	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	148	including	include	VERB
ejnm-307	55	149	institute	institute	PROPN
ejnm-307	55	150	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	151	college	college	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	152	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	153	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	55	154	higher	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	155	education	education	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	156	*	*	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	157	*	*	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	158	including	include	VERB
ejnm-307	55	159	associate	associate	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	160	professionals	professional	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	161	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	162	skilled	skilled	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	163	or	or	CCONJ
ejnm-307	55	164	highly	highly	ADV
ejnm-307	55	165	professionals	professional	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	166	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	55	167	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	55	168	senior	senior	ADJ
ejnm-307	55	169	managers	manager	NOUN
ejnm-307	55	170	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	PROPN
ejnm-307	55	171	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	PROPN
ejnm-307	55	172	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	55	173	j.	j.	PROPN
ejnm-307	55	174	nurs	nurs	PROPN
ejnm-307	55	175	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	56	1	midwifery	midwifery	ADJ
ejnm-307	56	2	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	56	3	vol	vol	NOUN
ejnm-307	56	4	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	56	5	8	8	NUM
ejnm-307	56	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	56	7	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	56	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	57	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	57	2	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	57	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	57	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	57	5	may	may	AUX
ejnm-307	57	6	2025	2025	NUM
ejnm-307	57	7	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	57	8	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	9	as	as	SCONJ
ejnm-307	57	10	presented	present	VERB
ejnm-307	57	11	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	57	12	table	table	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	13	3	3	NUM
ejnm-307	57	14	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	57	15	more	more	ADJ
ejnm-307	57	16	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	57	17	44	44	NUM
ejnm-307	57	18	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	19	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	57	20	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	57	21	participants	participant	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	22	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	57	23	current	current	ADJ
ejnm-307	57	24	daily	daily	ADJ
ejnm-307	57	25	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	26	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	57	27	14.5	14.5	NUM
ejnm-307	57	28	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	29	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	57	30	occasional	occasional	ADJ
ejnm-307	57	31	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	32	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	57	33	8	8	NUM
ejnm-307	57	34	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	35	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	57	36	ex	ex	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	37	-	-	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	38	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	39	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	57	40	about	about	ADV
ejnm-307	57	41	one	one	NUM
ejnm-307	57	42	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	57	43	third	third	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	44	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	57	45	33.2	33.2	NUM
ejnm-307	57	46	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	57	47	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	57	48	never	never	ADV
ejnm-307	57	49	smoked	smoke	VERB
ejnm-307	57	50	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	58	1	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	58	2	total	total	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	3	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	58	4	460	460	NUM
ejnm-307	58	5	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	58	6	30.1	30.1	NUM
ejnm-307	58	7	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	8	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	58	9	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	58	10	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	58	11	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	12	started	start	VERB
ejnm-307	58	13	cigarette	cigarette	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	14	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	15	at	at	ADP
ejnm-307	58	16	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	58	17	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	18	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	58	19	15	15	NUM
ejnm-307	58	20	-	-	SYM
ejnm-307	58	21	19	19	NUM
ejnm-307	58	22	years	year	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	23	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	58	24	while	while	SCONJ
ejnm-307	58	25	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	58	26	lowest	low	ADJ
ejnm-307	58	27	rate	rate	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	28	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	58	29	87	87	NUM
ejnm-307	58	30	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	58	31	5.7	5.7	NUM
ejnm-307	58	32	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	33	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	58	34	indicated	indicate	VERB
ejnm-307	58	35	less	less	ADV
ejnm-307	58	36	during	during	ADP
ejnm-307	58	37	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	58	38	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	58	39	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	40	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	58	41	17.5	17.5	NUM
ejnm-307	58	42	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	43	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	58	44	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	58	45	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	46	population	population	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	47	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	58	48	infected	infect	VERB
ejnm-307	58	49	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	58	50	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	58	51	virus	virus	NOUN
ejnm-307	58	52	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	59	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	59	2	majority	majority	NOUN
ejnm-307	59	3	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	59	4	those	those	PRON
ejnm-307	59	5	infected	infect	VERB
ejnm-307	59	6	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	59	7	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	59	8	virus	virus	NOUN
ejnm-307	59	9	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	59	10	87	87	NUM
ejnm-307	59	11	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	59	12	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	59	13	stopped	stop	VERB
ejnm-307	59	14	smoking	smoke	VERB
ejnm-307	59	15	during	during	ADP
ejnm-307	59	16	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	59	17	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	59	18	15	15	NUM
ejnm-307	59	19	years	year	NOUN
ejnm-307	59	20	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	60	1	less	less	ADJ
ejnm-307	60	2	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	60	3	half	half	NOUN
ejnm-307	60	4	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	60	5	46.6	46.6	NUM
ejnm-307	60	6	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	60	7	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	60	8	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	60	9	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	60	10	participants	participant	NOUN
ejnm-307	60	11	have	have	AUX
ejnm-307	60	12	ever	ever	ADV
ejnm-307	60	13	tried	try	VERB
ejnm-307	60	14	waterpipe	waterpipe	NOUN
ejnm-307	60	15	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	60	16	;	;	PUNCT
ejnm-307	60	17	835	835	NUM
ejnm-307	60	18	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	60	19	68.9	68.9	NUM
ejnm-307	60	20	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	60	21	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	60	22	started	start	VERB
ejnm-307	60	23	waterpipe	waterpipe	NOUN
ejnm-307	60	24	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	60	25	at	at	ADP
ejnm-307	60	26	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	60	27	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	60	28	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	60	29	fewer	few	ADJ
ejnm-307	60	30	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	60	31	30	30	NUM
ejnm-307	60	32	years	year	NOUN
ejnm-307	60	33	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	61	1	regarding	regard	VERB
ejnm-307	61	2	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	61	3	frequency	frequency	NOUN
ejnm-307	61	4	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	61	5	waterpipe	waterpipe	NOUN
ejnm-307	61	6	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	61	7	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	61	8	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	61	9	highest	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	61	10	rate	rate	NOUN
ejnm-307	61	11	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	61	12	37.2	37.2	NUM
ejnm-307	61	13	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	61	14	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	61	15	smoked	smoke	VERB
ejnm-307	61	16	waterpipe	waterpipe	NOUN
ejnm-307	61	17	every	every	DET
ejnm-307	61	18	day	day	NOUN
ejnm-307	61	19	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	62	1	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	62	2	period	period	NOUN
ejnm-307	62	3	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	62	4	but	but	CCONJ
ejnm-307	62	5	mostly	mostly	ADV
ejnm-307	62	6	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	62	7	almost	almost	ADV
ejnm-307	62	8	all	all	PRON
ejnm-307	62	9	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	62	10	them	they	PRON
ejnm-307	62	11	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	62	12	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	62	13	99.2	99.2	NUM
ejnm-307	62	14	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	62	15	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	62	16	returned	return	VERB
ejnm-307	62	17	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	62	18	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	62	19	after	after	ADP
ejnm-307	62	20	recovery	recovery	NOUN
ejnm-307	62	21	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	62	22	table	table	NOUN
ejnm-307	62	23	4	4	NUM
ejnm-307	62	24	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	62	25	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	63	1	33	33	NUM
ejnm-307	63	2	copyright	copyright	NOUN
ejnm-307	63	3	©	©	PROPN
ejnm-307	63	4	2025	2025	NUM
ejnm-307	63	5	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	63	6	author(s	author(s	NOUN
ejnm-307	63	7	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	63	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	64	1	this	this	PRON
ejnm-307	64	2	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	64	3	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	64	4	open	open	ADJ
ejnm-307	64	5	access	access	NOUN
ejnm-307	64	6	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	64	7	which	which	PRON
ejnm-307	64	8	licensed	license	VERB
ejnm-307	64	9	under	under	ADP
ejnm-307	64	10	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	64	11	terms	term	NOUN
ejnm-307	64	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	64	13	conditions	condition	NOUN
ejnm-307	64	14	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	64	15	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	64	16	creative	creative	ADJ
ejnm-307	64	17	commons	common	NOUN
ejnm-307	64	18	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	64	19	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	64	20	noncommercial	noncommercial	ADJ
ejnm-307	64	21	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	64	22	sharealike	sharealike	ADJ
ejnm-307	64	23	4.0	4.0	NUM
ejnm-307	64	24	international	international	ADJ
ejnm-307	64	25	license	license	NOUN
ejnm-307	64	26	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	65	1	it	it	PRON
ejnm-307	65	2	permits	permit	VERB
ejnm-307	65	3	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	65	4	additional	additional	ADJ
ejnm-307	65	5	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
ejnm-307	65	6	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	65	7	use	use	NOUN
ejnm-307	65	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	65	9	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	65	10	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	65	11	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	65	12	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ejnm-307	65	13	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	65	14	any	any	DET
ejnm-307	65	15	medium	medium	NOUN
ejnm-307	65	16	provided	provide	VERB
ejnm-307	65	17	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	65	18	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	65	19	work	work	NOUN
ejnm-307	65	20	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	65	21	properly	properly	ADV
ejnm-307	65	22	cited	cite	VERB
ejnm-307	65	23	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	66	1	table	table	NOUN
ejnm-307	66	2	3	3	NUM
ejnm-307	66	3	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	66	4	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	66	5	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	66	6	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	66	7	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	66	8	population	population	NOUN
ejnm-307	66	9	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	66	10	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	66	11	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	66	12	related	relate	VERB
ejnm-307	66	13	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
ejnm-307	66	14	variables	variable	VERB
ejnm-307	66	15	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	66	16	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	67	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	67	2	%	%	INTJ
ejnm-307	67	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	67	4	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	67	5	status	status	NOUN
ejnm-307	67	6	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	67	7	n=2601	n=2601	NOUN
ejnm-307	67	8	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	67	9	current	current	ADJ
ejnm-307	67	10	daily	daily	ADJ
ejnm-307	67	11	smoker	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	67	12	1153	1153	NUM
ejnm-307	67	13	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	67	14	44.3	44.3	NUM
ejnm-307	67	15	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	67	16	occasional	occasional	ADJ
ejnm-307	67	17	smoker	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	68	1	376	376	NUM
ejnm-307	69	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	2	14.5	14.5	NUM
ejnm-307	69	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	4	ex	ex	NOUN
ejnm-307	69	5	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	69	6	smoker	smoker	ADJ
ejnm-307	69	7	207	207	NUM
ejnm-307	69	8	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	9	8)	8)	NUM
ejnm-307	69	10	never	never	ADV
ejnm-307	69	11	smoker	smoker	ADV
ejnm-307	69	12	865	865	NUM
ejnm-307	69	13	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	14	33.2	33.2	NUM
ejnm-307	69	15	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	16	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	69	17	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	69	18	starting	start	VERB
ejnm-307	69	19	cigarette	cigarette	NOUN
ejnm-307	69	20	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	69	21	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	22	n=1529	n=1529	PROPN
ejnm-307	69	23	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	24	less	less	ADJ
ejnm-307	69	25	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	69	26	15	15	NUM
ejnm-307	69	27	87	87	NUM
ejnm-307	69	28	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	29	5.7	5.7	NUM
ejnm-307	69	30	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	31	15	15	NUM
ejnm-307	69	32	–	–	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	33	19	19	NUM
ejnm-307	69	34	460	460	NUM
ejnm-307	69	35	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	36	30.1	30.1	NUM
ejnm-307	69	37	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	38	20	20	NUM
ejnm-307	69	39	–	–	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	40	24	24	NUM
ejnm-307	69	41	440	440	NUM
ejnm-307	69	42	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	43	28.7	28.7	NUM
ejnm-307	69	44	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	45	25	25	NUM
ejnm-307	69	46	–	–	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	47	29	29	NUM
ejnm-307	69	48	290	290	NUM
ejnm-307	69	49	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	50	19	19	NUM
ejnm-307	69	51	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	52	30	30	NUM
ejnm-307	69	53	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	69	54	more	more	ADJ
ejnm-307	69	55	252	252	NUM
ejnm-307	69	56	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	57	16.5	16.5	NUM
ejnm-307	69	58	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	69	59	ever	ever	ADV
ejnm-307	69	60	tried	try	VERB
ejnm-307	69	61	waterpipe	waterpipe	NOUN
ejnm-307	69	62	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	69	63	?	?	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	2	n=2601	n=2601	PROPN
ejnm-307	70	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	4	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	70	5	1390	1390	NUM
ejnm-307	70	6	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	7	53.4	53.4	NUM
ejnm-307	70	8	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	9	yes	yes	INTJ
ejnm-307	70	10	1211	1211	NUM
ejnm-307	70	11	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	12	46.6	46.6	NUM
ejnm-307	70	13	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	14	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	15	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	70	16	starting	starting	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	17	waterpipe	waterpipe	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	18	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	19	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	20	n=1211	n=1211	PROPN
ejnm-307	70	21	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	22	less	less	ADJ
ejnm-307	70	23	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	70	24	15	15	NUM
ejnm-307	70	25	21	21	NUM
ejnm-307	70	26	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	27	1.7	1.7	NUM
ejnm-307	70	28	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	29	15	15	NUM
ejnm-307	70	30	–	–	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	31	19	19	NUM
ejnm-307	70	32	241	241	NUM
ejnm-307	70	33	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	34	19.9	19.9	NUM
ejnm-307	70	35	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	36	20	20	NUM
ejnm-307	70	37	–	–	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	38	24	24	NUM
ejnm-307	70	39	333	333	NUM
ejnm-307	70	40	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	41	27.5	27.5	NUM
ejnm-307	70	42	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	43	25	25	NUM
ejnm-307	70	44	–	–	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	45	29	29	NUM
ejnm-307	70	46	240	240	NUM
ejnm-307	70	47	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	48	19.8	19.8	NUM
ejnm-307	70	49	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	50	30	30	NUM
ejnm-307	70	51	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	70	52	more	more	ADJ
ejnm-307	70	53	376	376	NUM
ejnm-307	70	54	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	55	31.1	31.1	NUM
ejnm-307	70	56	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	57	frequency	frequency	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	58	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	70	59	waterpipe	waterpipe	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	60	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	61	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	62	n=1211	n=1211	PROPN
ejnm-307	70	63	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	64	everyday	everyday	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	65	450	450	NUM
ejnm-307	70	66	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	67	37.2	37.2	NUM
ejnm-307	70	68	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	69	once	once	ADV
ejnm-307	70	70	weekly	weekly	ADJ
ejnm-307	70	71	193	193	NUM
ejnm-307	70	72	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	73	15.9	15.9	NUM
ejnm-307	70	74	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	75	once	once	SCONJ
ejnm-307	70	76	every	every	DET
ejnm-307	70	77	2	2	NUM
ejnm-307	70	78	-	-	SYM
ejnm-307	70	79	4	4	NUM
ejnm-307	70	80	days	day	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	81	381	381	NUM
ejnm-307	70	82	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	83	31.5	31.5	NUM
ejnm-307	70	84	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	85	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ejnm-307	70	86	187	187	NUM
ejnm-307	70	87	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	88	15.4	15.4	NUM
ejnm-307	70	89	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	90	table	table	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	91	4	4	NUM
ejnm-307	70	92	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	93	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	94	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	70	95	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	70	96	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	97	population	population	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	98	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	70	99	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	70	100	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	70	101	related	relate	VERB
ejnm-307	70	102	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
ejnm-307	70	103	variables	variable	VERB
ejnm-307	70	104	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	70	105	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	71	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	71	2	%	%	INTJ
ejnm-307	71	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	71	4	during	during	ADP
ejnm-307	71	5	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	71	6	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	71	7	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
ejnm-307	71	8	been	be	AUX
ejnm-307	71	9	infected	infect	VERB
ejnm-307	71	10	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	71	11	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	71	12	virus	virus	NOUN
ejnm-307	71	13	?	?	PUNCT
ejnm-307	72	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	72	2	n=2601	n=2601	PROPN
ejnm-307	72	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	72	4	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	72	5	2147	2147	NUM
ejnm-307	72	6	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	72	7	82.5	82.5	NUM
ejnm-307	72	8	)	)	SYM
ejnm-307	72	9	454	454	NUM
ejnm-307	72	10	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	72	11	17.5	17.5	NUM
ejnm-307	72	12	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	72	13	if	if	SCONJ
ejnm-307	72	14	yes	yes	ADV
ejnm-307	72	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	72	16	did	do	AUX
ejnm-307	72	17	you	you	PRON
ejnm-307	72	18	stop	stop	VERB
ejnm-307	72	19	smoking	smoke	VERB
ejnm-307	72	20	during	during	ADP
ejnm-307	72	21	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	72	22	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	72	23	period	period	NOUN
ejnm-307	72	24	?	?	PUNCT
ejnm-307	73	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	73	2	n=454	n=454	X
ejnm-307	73	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	73	4	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	73	5	59	59	NUM
ejnm-307	73	6	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	73	7	13	13	NUM
ejnm-307	73	8	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	73	9	395	395	NUM
ejnm-307	73	10	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	73	11	87	87	NUM
ejnm-307	73	12	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	73	13	returned	return	VERB
ejnm-307	73	14	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	73	15	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	73	16	after	after	SCONJ
ejnm-307	73	17	symptoms	symptom	NOUN
ejnm-307	73	18	disappeared	disappear	VERB
ejnm-307	73	19	?	?	PUNCT
ejnm-307	74	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	74	2	n=395	n=395	PROPN
ejnm-307	74	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	75	1	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	75	2	yes	yes	INTJ
ejnm-307	75	3	3	3	NUM
ejnm-307	75	4	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	75	5	0.8	0.8	NUM
ejnm-307	75	6	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	75	7	392	392	NUM
ejnm-307	75	8	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	75	9	99.2	99.2	NUM
ejnm-307	75	10	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	75	11	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	PROPN
ejnm-307	75	12	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	PROPN
ejnm-307	75	13	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	75	14	j.	j.	PROPN
ejnm-307	75	15	nurs	nurs	PROPN
ejnm-307	75	16	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	76	1	midwifery	midwifery	ADJ
ejnm-307	76	2	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	76	3	vol	vol	NOUN
ejnm-307	76	4	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	76	5	8	8	NUM
ejnm-307	76	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	76	7	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	76	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	77	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	77	2	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	77	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	77	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	77	5	may	may	AUX
ejnm-307	77	6	2025	2025	NUM
ejnm-307	77	7	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	77	8	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	77	9	34	34	NUM
ejnm-307	77	10	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	77	11	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	77	12	non	non	NOUN
ejnm-307	77	13	-	-	NOUN
ejnm-307	77	14	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	77	15	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	77	16	0.7	0.7	NUM
ejnm-307	77	17	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	77	18	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	77	19	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	78	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	78	2	infection	infection	NOUN
ejnm-307	78	3	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	78	4	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	78	5	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	78	6	slightly	slightly	ADV
ejnm-307	78	7	higher	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	78	8	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	78	9	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	78	10	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	78	11	group	group	NOUN
ejnm-307	78	12	40	40	NUM
ejnm-307	78	13	-	-	SYM
ejnm-307	78	14	49	49	NUM
ejnm-307	78	15	years	year	NOUN
ejnm-307	78	16	compared	compare	VERB
ejnm-307	78	17	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	78	18	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	78	19	other	other	ADJ
ejnm-307	78	20	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	78	21	groups	group	NOUN
ejnm-307	78	22	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	78	23	divorced	divorce	VERB
ejnm-307	78	24	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	78	25	skilled	skilled	ADJ
ejnm-307	78	26	manual	manual	ADJ
ejnm-307	78	27	/non	/non	ADJ
ejnm-307	78	28	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	78	29	manual	manual	ADJ
ejnm-307	78	30	workers	worker	NOUN
ejnm-307	78	31	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	78	32	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	78	33	participants	participant	NOUN
ejnm-307	78	34	who	who	PRON
ejnm-307	78	35	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	78	36	from	from	ADP
ejnm-307	78	37	high	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	78	38	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ejnm-307	78	39	levels	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	78	40	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	79	1	table	table	NOUN
ejnm-307	79	2	5	5	NUM
ejnm-307	79	3	shows	show	VERB
ejnm-307	79	4	that	that	SCONJ
ejnm-307	79	5	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	79	6	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
ejnm-307	79	7	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	79	8	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	79	9	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	79	10	significantly	significantly	ADV
ejnm-307	79	11	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	79	12	p=	p=	NOUN
ejnm-307	79	13	0.001	0.001	NUM
ejnm-307	79	14	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	79	15	higher	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	79	16	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	79	17	males	male	NOUN
ejnm-307	79	18	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	79	19	24.5	24.5	NUM
ejnm-307	79	20	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	79	21	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	79	22	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	79	23	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	79	24	females	female	NOUN
ejnm-307	79	25	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	79	26	7.3	7.3	NUM
ejnm-307	79	27	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	79	28	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	79	29	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	79	30	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	79	31	those	those	PRON
ejnm-307	79	32	from	from	ADP
ejnm-307	79	33	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	79	34	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ejnm-307	79	35	education	education	NOUN
ejnm-307	79	36	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	79	37	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	79	38	26.5	26.5	NUM
ejnm-307	79	39	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	79	40	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	79	41	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	79	42	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	79	43	other	other	ADJ
ejnm-307	79	44	groups	group	NOUN
ejnm-307	79	45	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	80	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	80	2	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ejnm-307	80	3	cases	case	NOUN
ejnm-307	80	4	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	80	5	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	80	6	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	80	7	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	80	8	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	80	9	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	80	10	29.2	29.2	NUM
ejnm-307	80	11	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	80	12	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	80	13	which	which	PRON
ejnm-307	80	14	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	80	15	significantly	significantly	ADV
ejnm-307	80	16	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	80	17	p=	p=	NOUN
ejnm-307	80	18	0.001	0.001	NUM
ejnm-307	80	19	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	80	20	higher	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	80	21	copyright	copyright	NOUN
ejnm-307	80	22	©	©	PROPN
ejnm-307	80	23	2025	2025	NUM
ejnm-307	80	24	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	80	25	author(s	author(s	NOUN
ejnm-307	80	26	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	80	27	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	81	1	this	this	PRON
ejnm-307	81	2	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	81	3	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	81	4	open	open	ADJ
ejnm-307	81	5	access	access	NOUN
ejnm-307	81	6	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	81	7	which	which	PRON
ejnm-307	81	8	licensed	license	VERB
ejnm-307	81	9	under	under	ADP
ejnm-307	81	10	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	81	11	terms	term	NOUN
ejnm-307	81	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	81	13	conditions	condition	NOUN
ejnm-307	81	14	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	81	15	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	81	16	creative	creative	ADJ
ejnm-307	81	17	commons	common	NOUN
ejnm-307	81	18	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	81	19	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	81	20	noncommercial	noncommercial	ADJ
ejnm-307	81	21	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	81	22	sharealike	sharealike	ADJ
ejnm-307	81	23	4.0	4.0	NUM
ejnm-307	81	24	international	international	ADJ
ejnm-307	81	25	license	license	NOUN
ejnm-307	81	26	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	82	1	it	it	PRON
ejnm-307	82	2	permits	permit	VERB
ejnm-307	82	3	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	82	4	additional	additional	ADJ
ejnm-307	82	5	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
ejnm-307	82	6	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	82	7	use	use	NOUN
ejnm-307	82	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	82	9	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	82	10	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	82	11	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	82	12	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ejnm-307	82	13	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	82	14	any	any	DET
ejnm-307	82	15	medium	medium	NOUN
ejnm-307	82	16	provided	provide	VERB
ejnm-307	82	17	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	82	18	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	82	19	work	work	NOUN
ejnm-307	82	20	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	82	21	properly	properly	ADV
ejnm-307	82	22	cited	cite	VERB
ejnm-307	82	23	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	83	1	table	table	NOUN
ejnm-307	83	2	5	5	NUM
ejnm-307	83	3	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	83	4	infection	infection	NOUN
ejnm-307	83	5	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	83	6	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	83	7	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	83	8	socio	socio	NOUN
ejnm-307	83	9	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	83	10	demographic	demographic	ADJ
ejnm-307	83	11	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
ejnm-307	83	12	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	83	13	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	83	14	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	83	15	variables	variable	NOUN
ejnm-307	83	16	infected	infect	VERB
ejnm-307	83	17	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	83	18	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	83	19	total	total	NOUN
ejnm-307	83	20	p	p	NOUN
ejnm-307	83	21	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	83	22	value	value	NOUN
ejnm-307	84	1	yes	yes	INTJ
ejnm-307	84	2	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	84	3	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	84	4	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	85	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	85	2	%	%	INTJ
ejnm-307	85	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	85	4	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	85	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	2	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	4	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	5	groups	group	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	6	less	less	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	7	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	86	8	20	20	NUM
ejnm-307	86	9	19	19	NUM
ejnm-307	86	10	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	11	10.8	10.8	NUM
ejnm-307	86	12	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	13	157	157	NUM
ejnm-307	86	14	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	15	89.2	89.2	NUM
ejnm-307	86	16	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	17	176	176	NUM
ejnm-307	86	18	0.012	0.012	NUM
ejnm-307	86	19	20	20	NUM
ejnm-307	86	20	29	29	NUM
ejnm-307	86	21	126	126	NUM
ejnm-307	86	22	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	23	19.5	19.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	24	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	25	521	521	NUM
ejnm-307	86	26	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	27	80.5	80.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	28	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	29	647	647	NUM
ejnm-307	86	30	30	30	NUM
ejnm-307	86	31	39	39	NUM
ejnm-307	86	32	105	105	NUM
ejnm-307	86	33	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	34	17.6	17.6	NUM
ejnm-307	86	35	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	36	492	492	NUM
ejnm-307	86	37	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	38	82.4	82.4	NUM
ejnm-307	86	39	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	40	597	597	NUM
ejnm-307	86	41	40	40	NUM
ejnm-307	86	42	49	49	NUM
ejnm-307	86	43	106	106	NUM
ejnm-307	86	44	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	45	20.2	20.2	NUM
ejnm-307	86	46	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	47	419	419	NUM
ejnm-307	86	48	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	49	79.8	79.8	NUM
ejnm-307	86	50	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	51	525	525	NUM
ejnm-307	86	52	50	50	NUM
ejnm-307	86	53	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	86	54	more	more	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	55	98	98	NUM
ejnm-307	86	56	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	57	14.9	14.9	NUM
ejnm-307	86	58	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	59	558	558	NUM
ejnm-307	86	60	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	61	85.1	85.1	NUM
ejnm-307	86	62	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	63	656	656	NUM
ejnm-307	86	64	gender	gender	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	65	female	female	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	66	78	78	NUM
ejnm-307	86	67	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	68	7.3	7.3	NUM
ejnm-307	86	69	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	70	991	991	NUM
ejnm-307	86	71	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	72	92.7	92.7	NUM
ejnm-307	86	73	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	74	1069	1069	NUM
ejnm-307	86	75	0.001	0.001	NUM
ejnm-307	86	76	male	male	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	77	376	376	NUM
ejnm-307	86	78	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	79	24.5	24.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	80	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	81	1156	1156	NUM
ejnm-307	86	82	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	83	75.5	75.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	84	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	85	1532	1532	NUM
ejnm-307	86	86	marital	marital	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	87	status	status	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	88	single	single	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	89	182	182	NUM
ejnm-307	86	90	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	91	18.5	18.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	92	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	93	802	802	NUM
ejnm-307	86	94	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	95	81.5	81.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	96	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	97	984	984	NUM
ejnm-307	86	98	0.001	0.001	NUM
ejnm-307	86	99	married	married	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	100	264	264	NUM
ejnm-307	86	101	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	102	17.8	17.8	NUM
ejnm-307	86	103	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	104	1221	1221	NUM
ejnm-307	86	105	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	106	82.2	82.2	NUM
ejnm-307	86	107	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	108	1485	1485	NUM
ejnm-307	86	109	divorced	divorce	VERB
ejnm-307	86	110	4	4	NUM
ejnm-307	86	111	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	112	19	19	NUM
ejnm-307	86	113	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	114	17	17	NUM
ejnm-307	86	115	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	116	81	81	NUM
ejnm-307	86	117	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	118	21	21	NUM
ejnm-307	86	119	widowed	widow	VERB
ejnm-307	86	120	4	4	NUM
ejnm-307	86	121	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	122	3.6	3.6	NUM
ejnm-307	86	123	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	124	107	107	NUM
ejnm-307	86	125	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	126	96.4	96.4	NUM
ejnm-307	86	127	)	)	SYM
ejnm-307	86	128	111	111	NUM
ejnm-307	86	129	education	education	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	130	illiterate/	illiterate/	NUM
ejnm-307	86	131	primary	primary	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	132	113	113	NUM
ejnm-307	86	133	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	134	14.5	14.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	135	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	136	668	668	NUM
ejnm-307	86	137	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	138	85.5	85.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	139	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	140	781	781	NUM
ejnm-307	86	141	0.001	0.001	NUM
ejnm-307	86	142	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	143	81	81	NUM
ejnm-307	86	144	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	145	26.5	26.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	146	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	147	225	225	NUM
ejnm-307	86	148	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	149	73.5	73.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	150	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	151	306	306	NUM
ejnm-307	86	152	high	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	153	school	school	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	154	or	or	CCONJ
ejnm-307	86	155	vocational	vocational	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	156	93	93	NUM
ejnm-307	86	157	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	158	19.8	19.8	NUM
ejnm-307	86	159	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	160	376	376	NUM
ejnm-307	86	161	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	162	80.2	80.2	NUM
ejnm-307	86	163	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	164	469	469	NUM
ejnm-307	86	165	graduates	graduate	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	166	*	*	PROPN
ejnm-307	86	167	167	167	NUM
ejnm-307	86	168	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	169	16	16	NUM
ejnm-307	86	170	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	171	878	878	NUM
ejnm-307	86	172	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	173	84	84	NUM
ejnm-307	86	174	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	175	1045	1045	NUM
ejnm-307	86	176	occupation	occupation	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	177	unskilled	unskilled	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	178	manual	manual	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	179	69	69	NUM
ejnm-307	86	180	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	181	12.9	12.9	NUM
ejnm-307	86	182	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	183	465	465	NUM
ejnm-307	86	184	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	185	87.1	87.1	NUM
ejnm-307	86	186	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	187	534	534	NUM
ejnm-307	86	188	0.002	0.002	NUM
ejnm-307	86	189	semi	semi	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	190	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	191	skilled	skilled	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	192	manual	manual	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	193	138	138	NUM
ejnm-307	86	194	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	195	17.4	17.4	NUM
ejnm-307	86	196	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	197	657	657	NUM
ejnm-307	86	198	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	199	82.6	82.6	NUM
ejnm-307	86	200	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	201	795	795	NUM
ejnm-307	86	202	skilled	skilled	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	203	manual	manual	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	204	/non	/non	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	205	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	206	manual	manual	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	207	148	148	NUM
ejnm-307	86	208	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	209	21.4	21.4	NUM
ejnm-307	86	210	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	211	545	545	NUM
ejnm-307	86	212	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	213	78.6	78.6	NUM
ejnm-307	86	214	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	215	693	693	NUM
ejnm-307	86	216	others	other	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	217	*	*	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	218	*	*	X
ejnm-307	86	219	99	99	NUM
ejnm-307	86	220	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	221	17.1	17.1	NUM
ejnm-307	86	222	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	223	480	480	NUM
ejnm-307	86	224	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	225	82.9	82.9	NUM
ejnm-307	86	226	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	227	579	579	NUM
ejnm-307	86	228	smoking	smoke	VERB
ejnm-307	86	229	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	86	230	7	7	NUM
ejnm-307	86	231	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	232	0.7	0.7	NUM
ejnm-307	86	233	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	234	1065	1065	NUM
ejnm-307	86	235	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	236	99.3	99.3	NUM
ejnm-307	86	237	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	238	1072	1072	NUM
ejnm-307	86	239	0.001	0.001	NUM
ejnm-307	86	240	yes	yes	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	241	447	447	NUM
ejnm-307	86	242	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	243	29.2	29.2	NUM
ejnm-307	86	244	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	245	1082	1082	NUM
ejnm-307	86	246	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	247	70.8	70.8	NUM
ejnm-307	86	248	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	249	1529	1529	NUM
ejnm-307	86	250	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	251	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	252	low	low	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	253	167	167	NUM
ejnm-307	86	254	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	255	14.7	14.7	NUM
ejnm-307	86	256	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	257	967	967	NUM
ejnm-307	86	258	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	259	85.3	85.3	NUM
ejnm-307	86	260	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	261	1134	1134	NUM
ejnm-307	86	262	0.006	0.006	NUM
ejnm-307	86	263	middle	middle	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	264	231	231	NUM
ejnm-307	86	265	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	266	19.5	19.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	267	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	268	951	951	NUM
ejnm-307	86	269	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	270	80.5	80.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	271	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	272	1182	1182	NUM
ejnm-307	86	273	high	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	274	56	56	NUM
ejnm-307	86	275	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	276	19.6	19.6	NUM
ejnm-307	86	277	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	278	229	229	NUM
ejnm-307	86	279	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	280	80.4	80.4	NUM
ejnm-307	86	281	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	282	285	285	NUM
ejnm-307	86	283	total	total	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	284	454	454	NUM
ejnm-307	86	285	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	286	17.5	17.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	287	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	288	2147	2147	NUM
ejnm-307	86	289	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	290	82.5	82.5	NUM
ejnm-307	86	291	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	292	2601	2601	NUM
ejnm-307	86	293	*	*	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	294	including	include	VERB
ejnm-307	86	295	institute	institute	PROPN
ejnm-307	86	296	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	297	college	college	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	298	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	299	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	86	300	higher	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	301	education	education	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	302	*	*	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	303	*	*	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	304	including	include	VERB
ejnm-307	86	305	associate	associate	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	306	professionals	professional	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	307	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	308	skilled	skilled	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	309	or	or	CCONJ
ejnm-307	86	310	highly	highly	ADV
ejnm-307	86	311	skilled	skilled	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	312	professionals	professional	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	313	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	86	314	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	86	315	senior	senior	ADJ
ejnm-307	86	316	managers	manager	NOUN
ejnm-307	86	317	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	87	1	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	PROPN
ejnm-307	87	2	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	PROPN
ejnm-307	87	3	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	87	4	j.	j.	PROPN
ejnm-307	87	5	nurs	nurs	PROPN
ejnm-307	87	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	88	1	midwifery	midwifery	ADJ
ejnm-307	88	2	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	88	3	vol	vol	NOUN
ejnm-307	88	4	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	88	5	8	8	NUM
ejnm-307	88	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	88	7	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	88	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	89	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	89	2	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	89	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	89	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	89	5	may	may	AUX
ejnm-307	89	6	2025	2025	NUM
ejnm-307	89	7	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	89	8	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	89	9	icu	icu	PROPN
ejnm-307	89	10	admission	admission	NOUN
ejnm-307	89	11	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	89	12	which	which	PRON
ejnm-307	89	13	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	89	14	88	88	NUM
ejnm-307	89	15	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	89	16	lower	low	ADJ
ejnm-307	89	17	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	89	18	heavy	heavy	ADJ
ejnm-307	89	19	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	89	20	compared	compare	VERB
ejnm-307	89	21	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	89	22	non	non	NOUN
ejnm-307	89	23	-	-	NOUN
ejnm-307	89	24	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	89	25	[	[	X
ejnm-307	89	26	15	15	NUM
ejnm-307	89	27	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	89	28	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	90	1	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	90	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
ejnm-307	90	3	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	90	4	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	90	5	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	90	6	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	90	7	that	that	SCONJ
ejnm-307	90	8	current	current	ADJ
ejnm-307	90	9	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	90	10	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	90	11	independently	independently	ADV
ejnm-307	90	12	associated	associate	VERB
ejnm-307	90	13	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	90	14	self	self	NOUN
ejnm-307	90	15	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	90	16	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	90	17	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ejnm-307	90	18	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	90	19	infection	infection	NOUN
ejnm-307	90	20	[	[	X
ejnm-307	90	21	2	2	NUM
ejnm-307	90	22	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	90	23	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	91	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
ejnm-307	91	2	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	91	3	several	several	ADJ
ejnm-307	91	4	studies	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	91	5	revealed	reveal	VERB
ejnm-307	91	6	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	91	7	substantial	substantial	ADJ
ejnm-307	91	8	association	association	NOUN
ejnm-307	91	9	between	between	ADP
ejnm-307	91	10	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	91	11	history	history	NOUN
ejnm-307	91	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	91	13	several	several	ADJ
ejnm-307	91	14	negative	negative	ADJ
ejnm-307	91	15	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ejnm-307	91	16	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	91	17	such	such	ADJ
ejnm-307	91	18	as	as	ADP
ejnm-307	91	19	severe	severe	ADJ
ejnm-307	91	20	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	91	21	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	91	22	mortality	mortality	NOUN
ejnm-307	92	1	[	[	X
ejnm-307	92	2	16	16	NUM
ejnm-307	92	3	-	-	SYM
ejnm-307	92	4	18	18	NUM
ejnm-307	92	5	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	92	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	93	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	93	2	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
ejnm-307	93	3	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	93	4	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	93	5	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	93	6	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	93	7	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	93	8	significantly	significantly	ADV
ejnm-307	93	9	higher	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	93	10	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	93	11	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	93	12	non	non	NOUN
ejnm-307	93	13	-	-	NOUN
ejnm-307	93	14	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	93	15	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	94	1	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	94	2	statistically	statistically	ADV
ejnm-307	94	3	significant	significant	ADJ
ejnm-307	94	4	association	association	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	5	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	94	6	found	find	VERB
ejnm-307	94	7	between	between	ADP
ejnm-307	94	8	self	self	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	9	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	94	10	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	94	11	confirmed	confirm	VERB
ejnm-307	94	12	cases	case	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	13	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	94	14	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	94	15	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	94	16	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	17	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	94	18	gender	gender	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	19	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	94	20	marital	marital	ADJ
ejnm-307	94	21	status	status	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	22	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	94	23	education	education	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	24	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	25	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	94	26	occupation	occupation	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	27	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	94	28	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	29	status	status	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	30	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	94	31	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	94	32	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ejnm-307	94	33	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	94	34	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	95	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	95	2	authors	author	NOUN
ejnm-307	95	3	report	report	VERB
ejnm-307	95	4	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	95	5	conflict	conflict	NOUN
ejnm-307	95	6	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	95	7	interest	interest	NOUN
ejnm-307	95	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	96	1	this	this	DET
ejnm-307	96	2	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	96	3	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	96	4	authors	author	NOUN
ejnm-307	96	5	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	96	6	based	base	VERB
ejnm-307	96	7	funded	fund	VERB
ejnm-307	96	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	97	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	97	2	1	1	X
ejnm-307	97	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	97	4	shastri	shastri	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	5	md	md	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	97	7	shukla	shukla	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	8	sd	sd	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	9	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	97	10	chong	chong	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	11	wc	wc	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	12	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	97	13	kc	kc	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	14	r	r	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	97	16	dua	dua	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	17	k	k	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	18	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	97	19	patel	patel	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	20	rp	rp	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	97	22	et	et	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	23	al	al	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	24	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	25	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	97	26	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	97	27	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	97	28	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	97	29	what	what	PRON
ejnm-307	97	30	we	we	PRON
ejnm-307	97	31	know	know	VERB
ejnm-307	97	32	so	so	ADV
ejnm-307	97	33	far	far	ADV
ejnm-307	97	34	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	98	1	respiratory	respiratory	ADJ
ejnm-307	98	2	medicine	medicine	NOUN
ejnm-307	98	3	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	99	1	2021	2021	NUM
ejnm-307	100	1	jan;176:106237	jan;176:106237	PROPN
ejnm-307	100	2	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	101	1	doi	doi	PROPN
ejnm-307	101	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	101	3	10.1016/	10.1016/	NUM
ejnm-307	101	4	j.rmed.2020.106237	j.rmed.2020.106237	NOUN
ejnm-307	101	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	102	1	epub	epub	PROPN
ejnm-307	102	2	2020	2020	NUM
ejnm-307	102	3	nov	nov	PROPN
ejnm-307	102	4	19	19	NUM
ejnm-307	102	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	103	1	pmid	pmid	NOUN
ejnm-307	103	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	103	3	33246296	33246296	NUM
ejnm-307	103	4	;	;	PUNCT
ejnm-307	103	5	pmcid	pmcid	ADJ
ejnm-307	103	6	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	103	7	pmc7674982	pmc7674982	NOUN
ejnm-307	103	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	104	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	104	2	2	2	X
ejnm-307	104	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	104	4	jackson	jackson	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	5	se	se	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	104	7	brown	brown	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	8	j	j	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	9	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	104	10	shahab	shahab	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	11	l	l	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	12	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	104	13	steptoe	steptoe	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	14	a	a	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	104	16	fancourt	fancourt	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	17	d.	d.	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	18	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	19	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	104	20	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	104	21	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	104	22	inequalities	inequality	NOUN
ejnm-307	104	23	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	104	24	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	104	25	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	104	26	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	104	27	53	53	NUM
ejnm-307	104	28	002	002	NUM
ejnm-307	104	29	adults	adult	NOUN
ejnm-307	104	30	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	104	31	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	104	32	uk	uk	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	33	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	34	tobacco	tobacco	PROPN
ejnm-307	104	35	control	control	NOUN
ejnm-307	104	36	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	105	1	2021	2021	NUM
ejnm-307	105	2	dec;30(e2):e111	dec;30(e2):e111	NOUN
ejnm-307	105	3	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	105	4	e121	e121	PROPN
ejnm-307	105	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	106	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	106	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	106	3	10.1136	10.1136	NUM
ejnm-307	106	4	/	/	SYM
ejnm-307	106	5	tobaccocontrol-2020	tobaccocontrol-2020	NOUN
ejnm-307	106	6	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	106	7	055933	055933	NUM
ejnm-307	106	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	107	1	epub	epub	NOUN
ejnm-307	107	2	2020	2020	NUM
ejnm-307	107	3	aug	aug	PROPN
ejnm-307	107	4	21	21	NUM
ejnm-307	107	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	108	1	pmid	pmid	NOUN
ejnm-307	108	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	108	3	32826387	32826387	NUM
ejnm-307	108	4	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	109	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	109	2	3	3	X
ejnm-307	109	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	109	4	biondini	biondini	NOUN
ejnm-307	109	5	d	d	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	109	7	semenzato	semenzato	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	8	u	u	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	9	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	109	10	bonato	bonato	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	11	m	m	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	12	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	109	13	tinè	tinè	NOUN
ejnm-307	109	14	m	m	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	109	16	bazzan	bazzan	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	17	e	e	NOUN
ejnm-307	109	18	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	109	19	damin	damin	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	20	m	m	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	109	22	et	et	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	23	al	al	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	24	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	25	lymphopenia	lymphopenia	PROPN
ejnm-307	109	26	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	109	27	linked	link	VERB
ejnm-307	109	28	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	109	29	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	109	30	increased	increase	VERB
ejnm-307	109	31	incidence	incidence	NOUN
ejnm-307	109	32	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	109	33	cancer	cancer	NOUN
ejnm-307	109	34	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	109	35	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	109	36	without	without	ADP
ejnm-307	109	37	copd	copd	NOUN
ejnm-307	109	38	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	110	1	european	european	ADJ
ejnm-307	110	2	respiratory	respiratory	ADJ
ejnm-307	110	3	journal	journal	NOUN
ejnm-307	110	4	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	111	1	2019;54(suppl	2019;54(suppl	PROPN
ejnm-307	111	2	63):pa2586	63):pa2586	NUM
ejnm-307	111	3	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	112	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	112	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	112	3	10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2586	10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2586	NUM
ejnm-307	112	4	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	112	5	4	4	NUM
ejnm-307	112	6	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	112	7	aikphaibul	aikphaibul	PROPN
ejnm-307	113	1	p	p	NOUN
ejnm-307	113	2	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	113	3	theerawit	theerawit	PROPN
ejnm-307	113	4	t	t	PROPN
ejnm-307	113	5	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	113	6	sophonphan	sophonphan	PROPN
ejnm-307	113	7	j	j	PROPN
ejnm-307	113	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	113	9	wacharachaisurapol	wacharachaisurapol	NOUN
ejnm-307	113	10	n	n	CCONJ
ejnm-307	113	11	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	113	12	jitrungruengnij	jitrungruengnij	PROPN
ejnm-307	113	13	n	n	CCONJ
ejnm-307	113	14	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	113	15	puthanakit	puthanakit	VERB
ejnm-307	113	16	t.	t.	NOUN
ejnm-307	113	17	risk	risk	NOUN
ejnm-307	113	18	factors	factor	NOUN
ejnm-307	113	19	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	113	20	severe	severe	ADJ
ejnm-307	113	21	35	35	NUM
ejnm-307	113	22	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	113	23	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	113	24	found	find	VERB
ejnm-307	113	25	that	that	SCONJ
ejnm-307	113	26	below	below	ADP
ejnm-307	113	27	half	half	NOUN
ejnm-307	113	28	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	113	29	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	113	30	participants	participant	NOUN
ejnm-307	113	31	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	113	32	from	from	ADP
ejnm-307	113	33	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	113	34	middle	middle	ADJ
ejnm-307	113	35	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ejnm-307	113	36	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	113	37	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	114	1	this	this	DET
ejnm-307	114	2	result	result	NOUN
ejnm-307	114	3	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	114	4	consistent	consistent	ADJ
ejnm-307	114	5	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	114	6	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	114	7	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	114	8	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	114	9	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	114	10	group	group	NOUN
ejnm-307	114	11	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	114	12	men	man	NOUN
ejnm-307	114	13	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	114	14	mosul	mosul	PROPN
ejnm-307	114	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	114	16	iraq	iraq	PROPN
ejnm-307	115	1	[	[	X
ejnm-307	115	2	8	8	NUM
ejnm-307	115	3	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	115	4	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	116	1	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	116	2	this	this	DET
ejnm-307	116	3	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	116	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	116	5	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	116	6	44.3	44.3	NUM
ejnm-307	116	7	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	116	8	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	116	9	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	116	10	current	current	ADJ
ejnm-307	116	11	daily	daily	ADJ
ejnm-307	116	12	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	116	13	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	117	1	numerous	numerous	ADJ
ejnm-307	117	2	studies	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	117	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
ejnm-307	117	4	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	117	5	substantial	substantial	ADJ
ejnm-307	117	6	variance	variance	NOUN
ejnm-307	117	7	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	117	8	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	117	9	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	117	10	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
ejnm-307	117	11	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	117	12	current	current	ADJ
ejnm-307	117	13	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	117	14	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	117	15	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	117	16	40.08	40.08	NUM
ejnm-307	117	17	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	117	18	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	117	19	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	117	20	saudi	saudi	PROPN
ejnm-307	117	21	arabia	arabia	PROPN
ejnm-307	118	1	[	[	X
ejnm-307	118	2	9	9	NUM
ejnm-307	118	3	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	118	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	118	5	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	118	6	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	118	7	26.4	26.4	NUM
ejnm-307	118	8	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	118	9	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	118	10	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	118	11	libya	libya	PROPN
ejnm-307	119	1	[	[	X
ejnm-307	119	2	10	10	NUM
ejnm-307	119	3	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	119	4	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	120	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	120	2	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
ejnm-307	120	3	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	120	4	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	120	5	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	120	6	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
ejnm-307	120	7	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	120	8	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	120	9	may	may	AUX
ejnm-307	120	10	be	be	AUX
ejnm-307	120	11	explained	explain	VERB
ejnm-307	120	12	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	120	13	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	120	14	various	various	ADJ
ejnm-307	120	15	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	120	16	sites	site	NOUN
ejnm-307	120	17	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	120	18	sample	sample	NOUN
ejnm-307	120	19	frames	frame	NOUN
ejnm-307	120	20	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	120	21	demographics	demographic	NOUN
ejnm-307	120	22	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	120	23	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	120	24	enrolled	enrol	VERB
ejnm-307	120	25	populations	population	NOUN
ejnm-307	120	26	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	120	27	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	120	28	cultural	cultural	ADJ
ejnm-307	120	29	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	120	30	religious	religious	ADJ
ejnm-307	120	31	considerations	consideration	NOUN
ejnm-307	120	32	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	121	1	self	self	NOUN
ejnm-307	121	2	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	121	3	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	121	4	cases	case	NOUN
ejnm-307	121	5	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	121	6	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	121	7	during	during	ADP
ejnm-307	121	8	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	121	9	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
ejnm-307	121	10	were	be	AUX
ejnm-307	121	11	about	about	ADP
ejnm-307	121	12	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	121	13	17.5	17.5	NUM
ejnm-307	121	14	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	121	15	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	121	16	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	122	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	122	2	majority	majority	NOUN
ejnm-307	122	3	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	122	4	those	those	PRON
ejnm-307	122	5	infected	infect	VERB
ejnm-307	122	6	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	122	7	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	122	8	virus	virus	NOUN
ejnm-307	122	9	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	122	10	87	87	NUM
ejnm-307	122	11	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	122	12	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	122	13	stopped	stop	VERB
ejnm-307	122	14	smoking	smoke	VERB
ejnm-307	122	15	during	during	ADP
ejnm-307	122	16	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	122	17	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	122	18	period	period	NOUN
ejnm-307	122	19	but	but	CCONJ
ejnm-307	122	20	most	most	ADJ
ejnm-307	122	21	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	122	22	99.2	99.2	NUM
ejnm-307	122	23	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	122	24	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	122	25	returned	return	VERB
ejnm-307	122	26	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	122	27	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	122	28	after	after	ADP
ejnm-307	122	29	recovery	recovery	NOUN
ejnm-307	122	30	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	123	2	infection	infection	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	3	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	123	4	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	123	5	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	123	6	virus	virus	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	7	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	123	8	significantly	significantly	ADV
ejnm-307	123	9	higher	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	123	10	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	123	11	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	123	12	age	age	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	13	group	group	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	14	40	40	NUM
ejnm-307	123	15	-	-	SYM
ejnm-307	123	16	49	49	NUM
ejnm-307	123	17	years	year	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	18	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	19	20.2	20.2	NUM
ejnm-307	123	20	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	21	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	22	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	23	males	male	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	24	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	25	24.5	24.5	NUM
ejnm-307	123	26	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	27	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	28	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	29	divorced	divorce	VERB
ejnm-307	123	30	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	31	19.0	19.0	NUM
ejnm-307	123	32	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	33	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	34	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	35	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	123	36	those	those	PRON
ejnm-307	123	37	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	123	38	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	123	39	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ejnm-307	123	40	education	education	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	41	level	level	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	42	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	43	26.5	26.5	NUM
ejnm-307	123	44	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	123	45	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	123	46	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	124	1	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	124	2	this	this	DET
ejnm-307	124	3	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	124	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	124	5	infection	infection	NOUN
ejnm-307	124	6	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	124	7	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	124	8	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	124	9	virus	virus	NOUN
ejnm-307	124	10	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	124	11	significantly	significantly	ADV
ejnm-307	124	12	more	more	ADV
ejnm-307	124	13	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	124	14	21.4	21.4	NUM
ejnm-307	124	15	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	124	16	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	124	17	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	124	18	participants	participant	NOUN
ejnm-307	124	19	who	who	PRON
ejnm-307	124	20	worked	work	VERB
ejnm-307	124	21	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	124	22	skilled	skilled	ADJ
ejnm-307	124	23	manual	manual	ADJ
ejnm-307	124	24	or	or	CCONJ
ejnm-307	124	25	non	non	ADJ
ejnm-307	124	26	-	-	ADJ
ejnm-307	124	27	manual	manual	ADJ
ejnm-307	124	28	occupations	occupation	NOUN
ejnm-307	124	29	;	;	PUNCT
ejnm-307	124	30	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
ejnm-307	124	31	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	124	32	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	124	33	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	124	34	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	124	35	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	124	36	29.2	29.2	NUM
ejnm-307	124	37	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	124	38	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	124	39	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	124	40	significantly	significantly	ADV
ejnm-307	124	41	higher	high	ADJ
ejnm-307	124	42	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	124	43	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	124	44	nonsmokers	nonsmoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	124	45	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	124	46	0.7	0.7	NUM
ejnm-307	124	47	%	%	NOUN
ejnm-307	124	48	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	124	49	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	125	1	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	125	2	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	125	3	role	role	NOUN
ejnm-307	125	4	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	125	5	association	association	NOUN
ejnm-307	125	6	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	125	7	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	125	8	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	125	9	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	125	10	are	be	AUX
ejnm-307	125	11	highly	highly	ADV
ejnm-307	125	12	controversial	controversial	ADJ
ejnm-307	125	13	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	126	1	several	several	ADJ
ejnm-307	126	2	studies	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	126	3	agreed	agree	VERB
ejnm-307	126	4	that	that	SCONJ
ejnm-307	126	5	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	126	6	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	126	7	more	more	ADV
ejnm-307	126	8	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
ejnm-307	126	9	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	126	10	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	126	11	than	than	ADP
ejnm-307	126	12	non	non	NOUN
ejnm-307	126	13	-	-	NOUN
ejnm-307	126	14	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	126	15	[	[	X
ejnm-307	126	16	2	2	NUM
ejnm-307	126	17	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	126	18	11	11	NUM
ejnm-307	126	19	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	126	20	12	12	NUM
ejnm-307	126	21	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	126	22	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	126	23	while	while	SCONJ
ejnm-307	126	24	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	126	25	opposite	opposite	ADJ
ejnm-307	126	26	result	result	NOUN
ejnm-307	126	27	was	be	AUX
ejnm-307	126	28	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	126	29	by	by	ADP
ejnm-307	126	30	other	other	ADJ
ejnm-307	126	31	studies	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	126	32	[	[	X
ejnm-307	126	33	13	13	NUM
ejnm-307	126	34	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	126	35	14	14	NUM
ejnm-307	126	36	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	126	37	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	127	1	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	127	2	prospective	prospective	ADJ
ejnm-307	127	3	cohort	cohort	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	4	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	5	conducted	conduct	VERB
ejnm-307	127	6	early	early	ADV
ejnm-307	127	7	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	127	8	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	127	9	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	10	about	about	ADP
ejnm-307	127	11	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	127	12	risk	risk	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	13	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	127	14	severe	severe	ADJ
ejnm-307	127	15	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	127	16	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	17	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	127	18	8.3	8.3	NUM
ejnm-307	127	19	million	million	NUM
ejnm-307	127	20	participants	participant	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	21	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	127	22	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	127	23	uk	uk	PROPN
ejnm-307	127	24	observed	observe	VERB
ejnm-307	127	25	that	that	SCONJ
ejnm-307	127	26	smokers	smoker	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	27	had	have	VERB
ejnm-307	127	28	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	127	29	noticeably	noticeably	ADV
ejnm-307	127	30	lower	low	ADJ
ejnm-307	127	31	probability	probability	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	32	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	127	33	developing	develop	VERB
ejnm-307	127	34	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	127	35	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	36	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	127	37	being	be	AUX
ejnm-307	127	38	admitted	admit	VERB
ejnm-307	127	39	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	127	40	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	127	41	icu	icu	PROPN
ejnm-307	127	42	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	127	43	reported	report	VERB
ejnm-307	127	44	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	127	45	incidence	incidence	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	46	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	127	47	copyright	copyright	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	48	©	©	PROPN
ejnm-307	127	49	2025the	2025the	PROPN
ejnm-307	127	50	author(s	author(s	NOUN
ejnm-307	127	51	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	127	52	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	128	1	this	this	PRON
ejnm-307	128	2	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	128	3	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	128	4	open	open	ADJ
ejnm-307	128	5	access	access	NOUN
ejnm-307	128	6	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	128	7	which	which	PRON
ejnm-307	128	8	licensed	license	VERB
ejnm-307	128	9	under	under	ADP
ejnm-307	128	10	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	128	11	terms	term	NOUN
ejnm-307	128	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	128	13	conditions	condition	NOUN
ejnm-307	128	14	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	128	15	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	128	16	creative	creative	ADJ
ejnm-307	128	17	commons	common	NOUN
ejnm-307	128	18	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	128	19	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	128	20	noncommercial	noncommercial	ADJ
ejnm-307	128	21	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	128	22	sharealike	sharealike	ADJ
ejnm-307	128	23	4.0	4.0	NUM
ejnm-307	128	24	international	international	ADJ
ejnm-307	128	25	license	license	NOUN
ejnm-307	128	26	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	129	1	it	it	PRON
ejnm-307	129	2	permits	permit	VERB
ejnm-307	129	3	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	129	4	additional	additional	ADJ
ejnm-307	129	5	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
ejnm-307	129	6	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	129	7	use	use	NOUN
ejnm-307	129	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	129	9	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	129	10	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	129	11	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	129	12	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ejnm-307	129	13	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	129	14	any	any	DET
ejnm-307	129	15	medium	medium	NOUN
ejnm-307	129	16	provided	provide	VERB
ejnm-307	129	17	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	129	18	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	129	19	work	work	NOUN
ejnm-307	129	20	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	129	21	properly	properly	ADV
ejnm-307	129	22	cited	cite	VERB
ejnm-307	129	23	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	130	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
ejnm-307	130	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ejnm-307	130	3	conflict	conflict	NOUN
ejnm-307	130	4	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	130	5	interest	interest	NOUN
ejnm-307	130	6	funding	funding	NOUN
ejnm-307	130	7	references	reference	NOUN
ejnm-307	130	8	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	PROPN
ejnm-307	130	9	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2025.04	PROPN
ejnm-307	130	10	erbil	erbil	PROPN
ejnm-307	130	11	j.	j.	PROPN
ejnm-307	130	12	nurs	nurs	PROPN
ejnm-307	130	13	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	131	1	midwifery	midwifery	ADJ
ejnm-307	131	2	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	131	3	vol	vol	NOUN
ejnm-307	131	4	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	131	5	8	8	NUM
ejnm-307	131	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	131	7	no	no	INTJ
ejnm-307	131	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	132	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	132	2	1	1	NUM
ejnm-307	132	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	132	4	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	132	5	may	may	AUX
ejnm-307	132	6	2025	2025	NUM
ejnm-307	132	7	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	132	8	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	132	9	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	132	10	13	13	NUM
ejnm-307	132	11	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	132	12	lippi	lippi	PROPN
ejnm-307	132	13	g	g	PROPN
ejnm-307	132	14	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	132	15	henry	henry	PROPN
ejnm-307	132	16	bm	bm	PROPN
ejnm-307	132	17	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	133	1	active	active	ADJ
ejnm-307	133	2	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	133	3	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	133	4	not	not	PART
ejnm-307	133	5	associated	associate	VERB
ejnm-307	133	6	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	133	7	severity	severity	NOUN
ejnm-307	133	8	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	133	9	coronavirus	coronavirus	NOUN
ejnm-307	133	10	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	133	11	2019	2019	NUM
ejnm-307	133	12	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	133	13	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	133	14	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	133	15	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	134	1	european	european	PROPN
ejnm-307	134	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ejnm-307	134	3	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	134	4	internal	internal	ADJ
ejnm-307	134	5	medicine	medicine	NOUN
ejnm-307	134	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	135	1	2020	2020	NUM
ejnm-307	135	2	may;75:107	may;75:107	NOUN
ejnm-307	135	3	-	-	SYM
ejnm-307	135	4	108	108	NUM
ejnm-307	135	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	136	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	136	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	136	3	10.1016	10.1016	NUM
ejnm-307	136	4	/	/	SYM
ejnm-307	136	5	j.ejim.2020.03.014	j.ejim.2020.03.014	NOUN
ejnm-307	136	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	137	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	137	2	14	14	X
ejnm-307	137	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	137	4	hopkinson	hopkinson	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	5	ns	ns	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	137	7	rossi	rossi	ADJ
ejnm-307	137	8	n	n	CCONJ
ejnm-307	137	9	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	137	10	el	el	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	11	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	137	12	sayed	say	VERB
ejnm-307	137	13	moustafa	moustafa	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	14	j	j	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	137	16	laverty	laverty	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	17	aa	aa	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	18	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	137	19	quint	quint	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	20	jk	jk	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	137	22	freidin	freidin	VERB
ejnm-307	137	23	m	m	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	24	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	137	25	et	et	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	26	al	al	PROPN
ejnm-307	137	27	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	138	1	current	current	ADJ
ejnm-307	138	2	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	138	3	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	138	4	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	138	5	risk	risk	NOUN
ejnm-307	138	6	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	138	7	results	result	NOUN
ejnm-307	138	8	from	from	ADP
ejnm-307	138	9	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	138	10	population	population	NOUN
ejnm-307	138	11	symptom	symptom	NOUN
ejnm-307	138	12	app	app	NOUN
ejnm-307	138	13	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	138	14	over	over	ADP
ejnm-307	138	15	2.4	2.4	NUM
ejnm-307	138	16	million	million	NUM
ejnm-307	138	17	people	people	NOUN
ejnm-307	138	18	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	139	1	thorax	thorax	NOUN
ejnm-307	139	2	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	140	1	2021	2021	NUM
ejnm-307	141	1	jul;76(7):714722	jul;76(7):714722	NOUN
ejnm-307	141	2	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	141	3	doi	doi	PROPN
ejnm-307	141	4	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	141	5	10.1136	10.1136	NUM
ejnm-307	141	6	/	/	SYM
ejnm-307	141	7	thoraxjnl-2020	thoraxjnl-2020	NOUN
ejnm-307	141	8	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	141	9	216422	216422	NUM
ejnm-307	141	10	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	142	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	142	2	15	15	NUM
ejnm-307	142	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	142	4	hippisley	hippisley	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	5	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	142	6	cox	cox	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	7	j	j	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	142	9	young	young	ADJ
ejnm-307	142	10	d	d	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	11	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	142	12	coupland	coupland	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	13	c	c	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	14	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	142	15	channon	channon	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	16	km	km	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	17	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	142	18	tan	tan	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	19	ps	ps	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	20	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	142	21	harrison	harrison	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	22	da	da	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	23	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	142	24	et	et	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	25	al	al	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	26	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	27	risk	risk	NOUN
ejnm-307	142	28	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	142	29	severe	severe	ADJ
ejnm-307	142	30	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	142	31	disease	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	142	32	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	142	33	ace	ace	NOUN
ejnm-307	142	34	inhibitors	inhibitor	NOUN
ejnm-307	142	35	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	142	36	angiotensin	angiotensin	NOUN
ejnm-307	142	37	receptor	receptor	NOUN
ejnm-307	142	38	blockers	blocker	NOUN
ejnm-307	142	39	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	142	40	cohort	cohort	NOUN
ejnm-307	142	41	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	142	42	including	include	VERB
ejnm-307	142	43	8.3	8.3	NUM
ejnm-307	142	44	million	million	NUM
ejnm-307	142	45	people	people	NOUN
ejnm-307	142	46	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	143	1	heart	heart	NOUN
ejnm-307	143	2	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	144	1	2020	2020	NUM
ejnm-307	144	2	oct;106(19):1503	oct;106(19):1503	PROPN
ejnm-307	144	3	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	144	4	1511	1511	NUM
ejnm-307	144	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	145	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	145	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	145	3	10.1136/	10.1136/	NUM
ejnm-307	145	4	heartjnl-2020	heartjnl-2020	NOUN
ejnm-307	145	5	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	145	6	317393	317393	NUM
ejnm-307	145	7	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	146	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	146	2	16	16	NUM
ejnm-307	146	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	146	4	williamson	williamson	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	5	ej	ej	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	146	7	walker	walker	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	8	aj	aj	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	9	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	146	10	bhaskaran	bhaskaran	NOUN
ejnm-307	146	11	k	k	NOUN
ejnm-307	146	12	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	146	13	bacon	bacon	NOUN
ejnm-307	146	14	s	s	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	146	16	bates	bates	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	17	c	c	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	18	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	146	19	morton	morton	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	20	ce	ce	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	146	22	et	et	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	23	al	al	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	24	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	146	25	factors	factor	NOUN
ejnm-307	146	26	associated	associate	VERB
ejnm-307	146	27	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	146	28	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	146	29	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	146	30	related	relate	VERB
ejnm-307	146	31	death	death	NOUN
ejnm-307	146	32	using	use	VERB
ejnm-307	146	33	opensafely	opensafely	ADV
ejnm-307	146	34	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	147	1	nature	nature	NOUN
ejnm-307	147	2	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	148	1	2020	2020	NUM
ejnm-307	149	1	aug;584	aug;584	NOUN
ejnm-307	149	2	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	149	3	7821):430	7821):430	NOUN
ejnm-307	149	4	-	-	SYM
ejnm-307	149	5	436	436	NUM
ejnm-307	149	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	150	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	150	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	150	3	10.1038	10.1038	NUM
ejnm-307	150	4	/	/	SYM
ejnm-307	150	5	s41586	s41586	PROPN
ejnm-307	150	6	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	150	7	0202521	0202521	NUM
ejnm-307	150	8	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	150	9	4	4	NUM
ejnm-307	150	10	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	2	17	17	NUM
ejnm-307	151	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	4	ponsford	ponsford	NOUN
ejnm-307	151	5	mj	mj	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	7	gkatzionis	gkatzionis	VERB
ejnm-307	151	8	a	a	PRON
ejnm-307	151	9	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	10	walker	walker	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	11	vm	vm	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	12	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	13	grant	grant	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	14	aj	aj	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	16	wootton	wootton	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	17	re	re	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	18	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	19	moore	moore	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	20	lsp	lsp	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	22	et	et	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	23	al	al	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	24	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	25	cardiometabolic	cardiometabolic	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	26	traits	trait	NOUN
ejnm-307	151	27	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	28	sepsis	sepsis	NOUN
ejnm-307	151	29	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	30	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	151	31	severe	severe	ADJ
ejnm-307	151	32	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	151	33	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	151	34	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	151	35	mendelian	mendelian	ADJ
ejnm-307	151	36	randomization	randomization	NOUN
ejnm-307	151	37	investigation	investigation	NOUN
ejnm-307	151	38	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	152	1	circulation	circulation	NOUN
ejnm-307	152	2	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	153	1	2020	2020	NUM
ejnm-307	153	2	nov	nov	NOUN
ejnm-307	153	3	3;142	3;142	NUM
ejnm-307	153	4	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	153	5	18):1791	18):1791	NUM
ejnm-307	153	6	-	-	SYM
ejnm-307	153	7	1793	1793	NUM
ejnm-307	153	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	154	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	154	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	154	3	10.1161/	10.1161/	NUM
ejnm-307	154	4	circulationaha.120.050753	circulationaha.120.050753	PROPN
ejnm-307	154	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	2	18	18	NUM
ejnm-307	155	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	4	jiménez	jiménez	PROPN
ejnm-307	155	5	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	6	ruiz	ruiz	PROPN
ejnm-307	155	7	ca	ca	NOUN
ejnm-307	155	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	9	lópez	lópez	PROPN
ejnm-307	155	10	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	11	padilla	padilla	PROPN
ejnm-307	155	12	d	d	PROPN
ejnm-307	155	13	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	14	alonsoarroyo	alonsoarroyo	NOUN
ejnm-307	155	15	a	a	PRON
ejnm-307	155	16	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	17	aleixandre	aleixandre	NOUN
ejnm-307	155	18	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	19	benavent	benavent	NOUN
ejnm-307	155	20	r	r	NOUN
ejnm-307	155	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	22	solanoreina	solanoreina	PROPN
ejnm-307	155	23	s	s	PROPN
ejnm-307	155	24	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	25	de	de	X
ejnm-307	155	26	granda	granda	NOUN
ejnm-307	155	27	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	155	28	orive	orive	ADJ
ejnm-307	155	29	ji	ji	PROPN
ejnm-307	155	30	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	156	1	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	156	2	y	y	PROPN
ejnm-307	156	3	tabaquismo	tabaquismo	PROPN
ejnm-307	156	4	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	156	5	revisión	revisión	PROPN
ejnm-307	156	6	sistemática	sistemática	PROPN
ejnm-307	156	7	y	y	PROPN
ejnm-307	156	8	metaanálisis	metaanálisis	PROPN
ejnm-307	156	9	de	de	X
ejnm-307	156	10	la	la	X
ejnm-307	156	11	evidencia	evidencia	PROPN
ejnm-307	157	1	[	[	X
ejnm-307	157	2	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	157	3	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	157	4	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	157	5	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	157	6	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	157	7	systematic	systematic	ADJ
ejnm-307	157	8	review	review	NOUN
ejnm-307	157	9	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	157	10	meta	meta	NOUN
ejnm-307	157	11	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	157	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ejnm-307	157	13	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	157	14	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	157	15	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ejnm-307	157	16	]	]	PUNCT
ejnm-307	157	17	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	158	1	archivos	archivos	PROPN
ejnm-307	158	2	de	de	X
ejnm-307	158	3	bronconeumologia	bronconeumologia	PROPN
ejnm-307	158	4	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	159	1	2021	2021	NUM
ejnm-307	159	2	jan;57:21	jan;57:21	NOUN
ejnm-307	159	3	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	159	4	34	34	NUM
ejnm-307	159	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	160	1	spanish	spanish	PROPN
ejnm-307	160	2	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	161	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	161	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	161	3	10.1016	10.1016	NUM
ejnm-307	161	4	/	/	SYM
ejnm-307	161	5	j.arbres.2020.06.024	j.arbres.2020.06.024	PROPN
ejnm-307	161	6	.	.	NOUN
ejnm-307	161	7	hospitalized	hospitalize	VERB
ejnm-307	161	8	respiratory	respiratory	ADJ
ejnm-307	161	9	syncytial	syncytial	ADJ
ejnm-307	161	10	virus	virus	NOUN
ejnm-307	161	11	infection	infection	NOUN
ejnm-307	161	12	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	161	13	tertiary	tertiary	ADJ
ejnm-307	161	14	care	care	NOUN
ejnm-307	161	15	center	center	NOUN
ejnm-307	161	16	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	161	17	thailand	thailand	PROPN
ejnm-307	161	18	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	162	1	influenza	influenza	NOUN
ejnm-307	162	2	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	162	3	other	other	ADJ
ejnm-307	162	4	respiratory	respiratory	ADJ
ejnm-307	162	5	viruses	virus	NOUN
ejnm-307	162	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	163	1	2021	2021	NUM
ejnm-307	163	2	jan;15(1):64	jan;15(1):64	PROPN
ejnm-307	163	3	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	163	4	71	71	PROPN
ejnm-307	163	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	164	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	164	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	164	3	10.1111	10.1111	NUM
ejnm-307	164	4	/	/	SYM
ejnm-307	164	5	irv.12793	irv.12793	NUM
ejnm-307	164	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	165	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	165	2	5	5	NUM
ejnm-307	165	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	165	4	yoon	yoon	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	5	jg	jg	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	165	7	noh	noh	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	8	jy	jy	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	9	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	165	10	choi	choi	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	11	ws	ws	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	12	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	165	13	lee	lee	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	14	j	j	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	165	16	lee	lee	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	17	js	js	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	18	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	165	19	wie	wie	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	20	sh	sh	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	165	22	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	165	23	et	et	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	24	al	al	PROPN
ejnm-307	165	25	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	166	1	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	166	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ejnm-307	166	3	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	166	4	epidemiology	epidemiology	NOUN
ejnm-307	166	5	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	166	6	clinical	clinical	ADJ
ejnm-307	166	7	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ejnm-307	166	8	between	between	ADP
ejnm-307	166	9	influenza	influenza	NOUN
ejnm-307	166	10	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	166	11	h1n1pdm09	h1n1pdm09	NOUN
ejnm-307	166	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	166	13	h3n2	h3n2	PROPN
ejnm-307	166	14	based	base	VERB
ejnm-307	166	15	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	166	16	multicenter	multicenter	ADJ
ejnm-307	166	17	surveillance	surveillance	NOUN
ejnm-307	166	18	from	from	ADP
ejnm-307	166	19	2014	2014	NUM
ejnm-307	166	20	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	166	21	2018	2018	NUM
ejnm-307	166	22	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	166	23	south	south	PROPN
ejnm-307	166	24	korea	korea	PROPN
ejnm-307	166	25	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	167	1	influenza	influenza	NOUN
ejnm-307	167	2	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	167	3	other	other	ADJ
ejnm-307	167	4	respiratory	respiratory	ADJ
ejnm-307	167	5	viruses	virus	NOUN
ejnm-307	167	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	168	1	2021	2021	NUM
ejnm-307	168	2	jan;15(1):99	jan;15(1):99	PROPN
ejnm-307	168	3	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	168	4	109	109	NUM
ejnm-307	168	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	168	6	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	168	7	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	168	8	10.1111/	10.1111/	NUM
ejnm-307	168	9	irv.12795	irv.12795	NUM
ejnm-307	168	10	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	169	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	169	2	6	6	NUM
ejnm-307	169	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	169	4	nasser	nasser	PROPN
ejnm-307	169	5	ama	ama	PROPN
ejnm-307	169	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	169	7	zhang	zhang	PROPN
ejnm-307	169	8	x.	x.	PROPN
ejnm-307	169	9	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ejnm-307	169	10	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	169	11	factors	factor	NOUN
ejnm-307	169	12	related	relate	VERB
ejnm-307	169	13	to	to	ADP
ejnm-307	169	14	smoking	smoke	VERB
ejnm-307	169	15	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	169	16	university	university	NOUN
ejnm-307	169	17	students	student	NOUN
ejnm-307	169	18	at	at	ADP
ejnm-307	169	19	hodeidah	hodeidah	PROPN
ejnm-307	169	20	university	university	PROPN
ejnm-307	169	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	169	22	yemen	yemen	PROPN
ejnm-307	169	23	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	170	1	tobacco	tobacco	NOUN
ejnm-307	170	2	induced	induce	VERB
ejnm-307	170	3	diseases	disease	NOUN
ejnm-307	170	4	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	171	1	2019;17:42	2019;17:42	NUM
ejnm-307	171	2	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	172	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	172	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	172	3	10.18332	10.18332	NUM
ejnm-307	172	4	/	/	SYM
ejnm-307	172	5	tid/109227	tid/109227	NOUN
ejnm-307	172	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	173	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	173	2	7	7	X
ejnm-307	173	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	173	4	omer	omer	PROPN
ejnm-307	173	5	w	w	PROPN
ejnm-307	173	6	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	173	7	al	al	PROPN
ejnm-307	173	8	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	173	9	hadithi	hadithi	PROPN
ejnm-307	173	10	t.	t.	NOUN
ejnm-307	173	11	developing	develop	VERB
ejnm-307	173	12	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	173	13	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ejnm-307	173	14	index	index	NOUN
ejnm-307	173	15	for	for	ADP
ejnm-307	173	16	health	health	NOUN
ejnm-307	173	17	research	research	NOUN
ejnm-307	173	18	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	173	19	iraq	iraq	PROPN
ejnm-307	173	20	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	174	1	eastern	eastern	PROPN
ejnm-307	174	2	mediterranean	mediterranean	PROPN
ejnm-307	174	3	health	health	PROPN
ejnm-307	174	4	journal	journal	PROPN
ejnm-307	174	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	175	1	2017;23(10):670	2017;23(10):670	NUM
ejnm-307	175	2	-	-	SYM
ejnm-307	175	3	677.doi	677.doi	NUM
ejnm-307	175	4	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	175	5	10.26719/2017.23.10.670	10.26719/2017.23.10.670	NOUN
ejnm-307	175	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	176	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	176	2	8)	8)	NUM
ejnm-307	176	3	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
ejnm-307	176	4	rr	rr	PROPN
ejnm-307	176	5	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	176	6	al	al	PROPN
ejnm-307	176	7	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	176	8	tawil	tawil	PROPN
ejnm-307	176	9	ng	ng	PROPN
ejnm-307	176	10	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	176	11	role	role	NOUN
ejnm-307	176	12	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	176	13	obligatory	obligatory	ADJ
ejnm-307	176	14	banning	banning	NOUN
ejnm-307	176	15	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	176	16	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	176	17	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	176	18	2014	2014	NUM
ejnm-307	176	19	2016	2016	NUM
ejnm-307	176	20	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	176	21	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	176	22	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	176	23	habits	habit	NOUN
ejnm-307	176	24	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	176	25	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	176	26	group	group	NOUN
ejnm-307	176	27	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	176	28	men	man	NOUN
ejnm-307	176	29	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	176	30	mosul	mosul	PROPN
ejnm-307	176	31	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	176	32	iraq	iraq	PROPN
ejnm-307	176	33	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	177	1	zanco	zanco	PROPN
ejnm-307	177	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ejnm-307	177	3	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	177	4	medical	medical	ADJ
ejnm-307	177	5	sciences	science	NOUN
ejnm-307	177	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	178	1	2021	2021	NUM
ejnm-307	178	2	aug	aug	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	3	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	4	9;25(2):577	9;25(2):577	NUM
ejnm-307	178	5	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	178	6	85	85	NUM
ejnm-307	178	7	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	178	8	available	available	ADJ
ejnm-307	178	9	from	from	ADP
ejnm-307	178	10	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	178	11	https://zjms.hmu.edu.krd/index.php/zjms/	https://zjms.hmu.edu.krd/index.php/zjms/	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	12	article	article	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	13	/	/	SYM
ejnm-307	178	14	view/842	view/842	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	15	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	178	16	9	9	NUM
ejnm-307	178	17	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	178	18	albangy	albangy	NOUN
ejnm-307	178	19	fh	fh	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	20	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	178	21	mohamed	mohamed	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	22	ae	ae	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	23	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	178	24	hammad	hammad	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	25	sm	sm	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	26	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	178	27	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
ejnm-307	178	28	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	178	29	smoking	smoke	VERB
ejnm-307	178	30	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	178	31	male	male	ADJ
ejnm-307	178	32	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ejnm-307	178	33	school	school	NOUN
ejnm-307	178	34	students	student	NOUN
ejnm-307	178	35	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	178	36	arar	arar	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	37	city	city	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	38	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	178	39	saudi	saudi	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	40	arabia	arabia	PROPN
ejnm-307	178	41	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	179	1	pan	pan	PROPN
ejnm-307	179	2	african	african	PROPN
ejnm-307	179	3	medical	medical	ADJ
ejnm-307	179	4	journal	journal	NOUN
ejnm-307	179	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	180	1	2019	2019	NUM
ejnm-307	180	2	apr	apr	PROPN
ejnm-307	180	3	8;32:156	8;32:156	NUM
ejnm-307	180	4	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	181	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	181	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	181	3	10.11604/	10.11604/	NUM
ejnm-307	181	4	pamj.2019.32.156.18558	pamj.2019.32.156.18558	PROPN
ejnm-307	181	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	182	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	182	2	10	10	NUM
ejnm-307	182	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	182	4	el	el	PROPN
ejnm-307	182	5	shareif	shareif	NOUN
ejnm-307	182	6	hj	hj	PROPN
ejnm-307	182	7	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	182	8	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
ejnm-307	182	9	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	182	10	pattern	pattern	NOUN
ejnm-307	182	11	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	182	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	182	13	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
ejnm-307	182	14	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	182	15	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	182	16	among	among	ADP
ejnm-307	182	17	libyan	libyan	ADJ
ejnm-307	182	18	diabetic	diabetic	ADJ
ejnm-307	182	19	males	male	NOUN
ejnm-307	182	20	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	182	21	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	182	22	clinic	clinic	NOUN
ejnm-307	182	23	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	182	24	based	base	VERB
ejnm-307	182	25	study	study	NOUN
ejnm-307	182	26	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	183	1	ibnosina	ibnosina	PROPN
ejnm-307	183	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ejnm-307	183	3	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	183	4	medicine	medicine	NOUN
ejnm-307	183	5	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	183	6	biomedical	biomedical	ADJ
ejnm-307	183	7	sciences	science	NOUN
ejnm-307	183	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	1	2019;11(4):171	2019;11(4):171	NUM
ejnm-307	184	2	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	3	175	175	NUM
ejnm-307	184	4	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	5	available	available	ADJ
ejnm-307	184	6	from	from	ADP
ejnm-307	184	7	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	8	https://	https://	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	9	doi.org/10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_37_19	doi.org/10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_37_19	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	10	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	11	11	11	NUM
ejnm-307	184	12	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	13	zhang	zhang	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	14	h	h	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	15	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	16	ma	ma	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	17	s	s	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	18	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	19	han	han	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	20	t	t	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	21	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	22	qu	qu	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	23	g	g	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	24	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	25	cheng	cheng	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	26	c	c	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	27	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	28	uy	uy	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	29	jp	jp	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	30	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	31	et	et	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	32	al	al	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	33	.	.	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	34	association	association	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	35	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	184	36	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	184	37	history	history	NOUN
ejnm-307	184	38	with	with	ADP
ejnm-307	184	39	severe	severe	ADJ
ejnm-307	184	40	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	184	41	critical	critical	ADJ
ejnm-307	184	42	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ejnm-307	184	43	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	184	44	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	184	45	patients	patient	NOUN
ejnm-307	184	46	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	184	47	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	184	48	systemic	systemic	ADJ
ejnm-307	184	49	review	review	NOUN
ejnm-307	184	50	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	184	51	metaanalysis	metaanalysis	NOUN
ejnm-307	184	52	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	185	1	european	european	ADJ
ejnm-307	185	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ejnm-307	185	3	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	185	4	integrative	integrative	ADJ
ejnm-307	185	5	medicine	medicine	NOUN
ejnm-307	185	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	186	1	2021	2021	NUM
ejnm-307	186	2	apr;43:101313	apr;43:101313	PROPN
ejnm-307	186	3	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	187	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	187	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	187	3	10.1016	10.1016	NUM
ejnm-307	187	4	/	/	SYM
ejnm-307	187	5	j.eujim.2021.101313	j.eujim.2021.101313	PROPN
ejnm-307	187	6	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	1	(	(	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	2	12	12	NUM
ejnm-307	188	3	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	4	tattan	tattan	ADJ
ejnm-307	188	5	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	6	birch	birch	NOUN
ejnm-307	188	7	h	h	NOUN
ejnm-307	188	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	9	perski	perski	ADJ
ejnm-307	188	10	o	o	PROPN
ejnm-307	188	11	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	12	jackson	jackson	PROPN
ejnm-307	188	13	s	s	PROPN
ejnm-307	188	14	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	15	shahab	shahab	PROPN
ejnm-307	188	16	l	l	PROPN
ejnm-307	188	17	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	18	west	west	PROPN
ejnm-307	188	19	r	r	PROPN
ejnm-307	188	20	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	21	brown	brown	ADJ
ejnm-307	188	22	j.	j.	PROPN
ejnm-307	188	23	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
ejnm-307	188	24	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	25	smoking	smoking	NOUN
ejnm-307	188	26	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	27	vaping	vaping	NOUN
ejnm-307	188	28	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	188	29	quitting	quitting	PROPN
ejnm-307	188	30	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	188	31	a	a	DET
ejnm-307	188	32	representative	representative	ADJ
ejnm-307	188	33	population	population	NOUN
ejnm-307	188	34	survey	survey	NOUN
ejnm-307	188	35	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	188	36	england	england	PROPN
ejnm-307	188	37	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	189	1	addiction	addiction	NOUN
ejnm-307	189	2	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	190	1	2021	2021	NUM
ejnm-307	190	2	may;116(5):1186	may;116(5):1186	NOUN
ejnm-307	190	3	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	190	4	1195	1195	NUM
ejnm-307	190	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	191	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ejnm-307	191	2	:	:	PUNCT
ejnm-307	191	3	10.1111/	10.1111/	NUM
ejnm-307	191	4	add.15251	add.15251	NUM
ejnm-307	191	5	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	192	1	36	36	NUM
ejnm-307	192	2	copyright	copyright	NOUN
ejnm-307	192	3	©	©	PROPN
ejnm-307	192	4	2025	2025	NUM
ejnm-307	192	5	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	192	6	author(s	author(s	NOUN
ejnm-307	192	7	)	)	PUNCT
ejnm-307	192	8	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	193	1	this	this	PRON
ejnm-307	193	2	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	193	3	an	an	DET
ejnm-307	193	4	open	open	ADJ
ejnm-307	193	5	access	access	NOUN
ejnm-307	193	6	article	article	NOUN
ejnm-307	193	7	which	which	PRON
ejnm-307	193	8	licensed	license	VERB
ejnm-307	193	9	under	under	ADP
ejnm-307	193	10	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	193	11	terms	term	NOUN
ejnm-307	193	12	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	193	13	conditions	condition	NOUN
ejnm-307	193	14	of	of	ADP
ejnm-307	193	15	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	193	16	creative	creative	ADJ
ejnm-307	193	17	commons	common	NOUN
ejnm-307	193	18	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	193	19	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	193	20	noncommercial	noncommercial	ADJ
ejnm-307	193	21	-	-	PUNCT
ejnm-307	193	22	sharealike	sharealike	ADJ
ejnm-307	193	23	4.0	4.0	NUM
ejnm-307	193	24	international	international	ADJ
ejnm-307	193	25	license	license	NOUN
ejnm-307	193	26	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	194	1	it	it	PRON
ejnm-307	194	2	permits	permit	VERB
ejnm-307	194	3	no	no	DET
ejnm-307	194	4	additional	additional	ADJ
ejnm-307	194	5	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
ejnm-307	194	6	on	on	ADP
ejnm-307	194	7	use	use	NOUN
ejnm-307	194	8	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	194	9	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ejnm-307	194	10	,	,	PUNCT
ejnm-307	194	11	and	and	CCONJ
ejnm-307	194	12	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ejnm-307	194	13	in	in	ADP
ejnm-307	194	14	any	any	DET
ejnm-307	194	15	medium	medium	NOUN
ejnm-307	194	16	provided	provide	VERB
ejnm-307	194	17	the	the	DET
ejnm-307	194	18	original	original	ADJ
ejnm-307	194	19	work	work	NOUN
ejnm-307	194	20	is	be	AUX
ejnm-307	194	21	properly	properly	ADV
ejnm-307	194	22	cited	cite	VERB
ejnm-307	194	23	.	.	PUNCT
ejnm-307	195	1	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/	PROPN