escjerps: A Pathfinder

This is a computer-generated pathfinder created against the Distant Reader study called escjerps.

Each Distant Reader study carrel is composed of many individual items. Each item is bibliographically described with author, title, date, summary, and keyword values. Below is a list of the items' most signficant keywords as well as lists of the items themselves. Purpusing the content of this pathfinder provides the student, researcher, or scholar with one way to get their heads around the scope of the carrel. The keywords include:

People; State; Development; Students; Country; World; Education; War; Enugu; Resources; States; Learning; Oil; Information; Arms; Aids; School; Achievement

Depending on how this pathfinder was created, many of the bibliographic sections will include elaborations on the meaning(s) of the given keywords. These elaborations were generated by feeding the items' summaries to a large langauge model and asking the model to address the question, "What is X?", where "X" is the keyword. The result will be a few sentences of elaboration. Be forewarned. The elaborations are often plausible, but they should not be take as truth. Instead, they should be taken as points for consideration.

• THE FALLACY OF DIPLOMACY OF INTERVENTIONS IN AFRICAN CONFLICTS by Groupson-Paul, Okechukwu; Chinyere, Okechukwu Prisca (2022) - There had been interventions in Africa conflicts in the real sense of intervention, but the moderality and phases of actions is what portrayed the intentions of actors as a hocus-pocus fallacy. This regime includes the set of actors, national, international, UN agencies, government and humanitarian groups; which are widely recognized and shared key characteristics across Africa conflict zones in the name of humanitarian intervention agencies (ibid). Keywords: africa; aid; arms; arms trade; conflict; crisis; food; food aid; genocide; government; groups; interest; international; intervention; people; power; rebels; region; role; rwanda; sierra; soldiers; state; sudan; trade; victims; war; weapons
• RESOURCES CONFLICTS AND GOVERNANCE: THE NIGERIAN DAUNTING CHALLENGE IN THE 21ST CENTURY by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL; ARUA, CHRISTOPHER CHUKWU; ADEDEJI, AYODEJI O. (2022) - Natural Resources, Conflict, Governance, Human capital Development, Mono-economy INTRODUCTION Globally, natural resources conflict is as old as mankind. The above theories are combined in the course of this inquiries even though they are examined separately, while the link establishing them plays a complementary role in the research investigation towards bringing the events and activities in the Niger Delta to the fore on the issue of natural resources conflicts. Keywords: conflict; control; country; delta; economy; federalism; governance; government; niger delta; nigeria; oil; people; region; resources; resources conflict; state; system; war
• TREND AND PATTERN OF FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION AMONG STUDENTS OF ENUGU STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL), ENUGU by ONU, THERESA CHINYERE (2022) - This work designed to examine the various reasons why students indulge in the consumption of fast food and determine the perception of students on the health implications of consuming fast foods regularly. The paper recommended that - Students need to cut down on the increasing consumption on fast food and imbibe the habit of preparing food on their own. - Students should be enlighten on the side effect and health problems associated with the frequent and regular consumption of fast foods as indicated by Ojo (2003), in order to live healthily 125 | P a g e References Adeniyi. Keywords: consumption; food; health; home; junk; people; students
• DEMOCRACY AND THE FEARED FACTORS THREATENING NIGERIAN NATION by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL; OKECHUKWU, PRISCA CHINYERE (2022) - It is imperatively, reasonable to argue that it is this distrusted and cyclical neglect and over-theorizing without food on the table of an average man that do much at times instigate people or even tribe or ethnic group or militants not only against each other but daring the national army to a battle as the MEND had consistently displayed their intention against the status quo. The Egbesu in their own saw their exploitation by both government and other ethnic groups as a dehumanization and share thieffry to the gifts of God to them. Keywords: country; democracy; democratic; government; groups; military; militias; national; nigeria; people; polity; power; present; rights; society; state; system; threat; violence
• URBANIZATION AND INSECURITY IN AFRICA: ISSUES, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS by Otu, Otu Akanu (2022) - Specifically, the study sought to: 1) ascertain the major functional elements of urbanization; 2) evaluate issues pertaining to insecurity in Africa; 3) ascertain the problems of urban insecurity in Africa; 4) estimate prospects to achieving urban security in relation to attainment of socio- economic development in Africa. These involve overpopulation, rapid structural change, unemployment, rural-urban migration, high social pressures and social injustices, politicizing security issues with respect to administration of urban areas, et cetera. Keywords: africa; areas; cameroon; continent; development; economic; government; human; international; issues; national; nations; new; nigeria; people; security; state; study; urban; urbanization; world
• COUNTING THE LOSSES: THE ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACT OF SALW PROLIFERATION, WHO GAINS WITH DISARMAMENT by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL (2022) - Attempt is made to answer the following questions:  What are the impacts of SALW proliferation on National development?  What are the societal loses that have accrued from SALW proliferation? Keywords: arms; development; nigeria; people; proliferation; salw
• THE MEDIA AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ISSUES FROM THE NIGERIAN NATIONAL QUESTION by Ibiam, Okechukwu Egwu (2022) - Media practitioners were initially of the print media called the press before the emergence of other sectors and channels in the pursuit of the same noble task, hence we see both press and media as the same in this paper. On the international level, conflicts over press (media) freedom continued that in 1948, the United Nations General Assembly in adopting the universal declaration of human rights; enumerated the principle which held that; very one has the right to freedom of opinion and expression and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media, 105 | P a g e regardless of frontiers” (United Nations 1948 declarations. Keywords: development; efforts; life; media; national; nigeria; people; press; role; society
• AFRICA AND RESOURCE CURSE DILEMMAS: LESSONS FOR NIGERIA IN THE 21ST CENTURY by Nwosumba, Victor Chijioke (2024) - First, they confirm that any type of natural resource (not only when they are many) is a source of foreign currency and welfare of state and citizen if well harnessed through the instrumentality of well- intended resource diplomacy. As frequently as the question about Africa's resource curse dilemmas and the way out is being asked, no answer has been sufficient because the challenge is still looming large especially when there are new discoveries of natural resources in some places in Africa where such were non-existing before. Keywords: africa; countries; country; development; dilemmas; diplomacy; economic; gold; hydropower; iron; nigeria; oil; ore; people; petroleum; policy; resource; resource curse; resource diplomacy
• GLOBAL SECURITY CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA: AN ANALYSIS OF CLIMATE-CHANGE-AS-A- NEW SECURITY-THREAT PARADIGM by Okolie, Aloysuis-Michaels; Prince, Ohiaegbu Chiemezue; Okechukwu, Groupson-Paul UC (2024) - The following observations emerged from the analysis :(1) following the aftermath of the Cold War and changing menus and priorities of world politics ,the subject matter and foci on security discourse ,security undergone both a “broadening” and a “deepening” as well as a revisioning which significantly led to socially and environmentally reconstitution of human security; (2) the main challenge to security narrative for managing current climate variability still remains how to link economic security with environmental sustainability in a non-dematerializing global economy,(3) the underlying assumptions of mainstream “eco- efficiency” approach to development under the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is neo-liberalism , at best the merger of environment and economics in decision making masquerading as multilateral mitigation and adaptive measures (MMAMs),and therefore, cannot serve the cause of sustainable human security; finally (4) the search for new paradigms for security must take cognizance of the cascading consequences of existential threat from climate change that do not lend themselves to military response and are capable of producing “deadly pandemics and other natural disasters” with WMD-like effects . Keywords: Africa, Sustainable development, nuclearisation, climate change, new threat paradigm; human insecurity, ecological footprint, Human security. Keywords: africa; analysis; climate change; countries; developing; development; environment; food; global; international; level; nations; nigeria; ohiaegbu; paradigm; people; policy; research; rise; security; security challenges; state; studies; threat; water; world
• OIL POLITICS AND WAR IN LIBYA: ARMING OF REBELS AND THE NEW PHASE OF NEO DEMOCRACY EVALUATED by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL (2024) - The BBC doesn’t help with its naïve and gullible reports, it seems to think that post – Gadhafi Libya would be like Islington or Hampstead, very wrong. Of course, it always helps if they join to get a couple of billion in oil reserves knocking about, which makes the whole friendship thing a bit more cynical to understand that they could defile the NATO bombing to gather to deliberate on Libya oil and how it must be harnessed to solving their own problems (economic recessions) and not that of the purported crying Libyans as portrayed by the western press that Gadhafi had depraved (Reed, 2011:5-6). Keywords: african; arming; arms; conspiracy; crisis; democracy; gadhafi; libya; nato; neo; new; oil; oil politics; okechukwu; people; politics; press; rebels; states; theory; time; united; war; west; world
• MIDDLE EAST CRISIS: RE-ASSERTIVE NATIONALISM OR WAR by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL; Agboola, Olugbenga Abiodun (2024) - Why have the Sunni people felt that their nationalism is as important as to determine and dictating for the rest of Middle East States? Against this prevailing contradictions, Pipes (1987), further argued that since there is no Arab nation yet that the people of Middle East may have an intention to be one but that does not mean that it is already in existence; that the Arabs might have the intent of integrating into a much larger entity comprising all the Arab nations but it is 289 | P a g e Middle East Crisis: Keywords: arab; conflict; course; interest; isis; islamic; middle east; nationalism; new; people; region; states; sunni; terrorism; war; western; world
• ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES AT FORTY-FIVE: A FOOL AT FORTY-FIVE A FOOL FOREVER? by Nwosumba, Victor Chijioke (2024) - Thus, the bureaucrats and technocrats who helped to chart the course of regional integration in West Africa from 363 | P a g e Economic Community of West African States at Forty-Five: A Fool at Forty-Five a Fool Forever? Following this new West African consciousness, the early “West African” African leaders and followers of the Aborigine Rights Protection Society, National Congress for British West Arica and inter-territorialists in the former Africque Occidental Francaise disappeared from political influence and power in West Africa (Hodgkin and Schachter, 1960; Ofoegbu, 1980). Keywords: african; community; economic; ecowas; fact; fool; integration; movement; national; nigeria; people; regional; states; theory; west
• NATIONAL IDENTITY, INTEGRATION AND QUESTION: IMPLICATIONS FOR NATIONAL SECURITY AND STABLE DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA by Akwara, Azalahu Francis; Udaw, Joseph E; Onimawo, Jane (2024) - This has conditioned the use of military expeditions in ethnic nationalities where the crises could not be controlled through any other means in the country. It also amalgamated ethnic nationalities into un-integrated nation-states where the search for lost ethnic identity and integration started all over again after independence. Keywords: country; governance; government; groups; identity; integration; nationalities; nigeria; people; question; security; sense; state
• A RENTIER STATE AND THE PREDATORY ELITE: THE DILEMMA OF NIGERIANS by Ibiam, Okechukwu Egwu; Itumo, Anthony (2024) - Thus we see states of societies in Africa existing under definite system of either a dictatorship or selective democracy subject to the specific interests of the dominant elite. As much as there are ranges of states which can be defined in terms of the way they affect development among its citizens, the Nigerian state is a peculiar one. Keywords: citizens; class; development; dilemma; elite; interests; nigerian; people; predatory; society; state; wealth
• THE DOMINANT CLASS AND THE STATE IN NIGERIA: A CONFEDERACY OF PROFLIGACY by Ibiam, Okechukwu Egwu (2024) - This call goes out to the inteligencia, academics, the media, civil and human rights organization, non- governmental and faith based organization (NGO and FBO) as well as labour unions and individuals towards fostering a strong civil society dedicated to liberating the Nigerian state from the shackles of dominant class bondage. Ake furthers that while no one denies the existence of localized traditional classes of citizens in pre- colonial Nigerian communities, the dimension of the alliance between any of such classes with the traditional state institutions was nothing compared the contemporary order. Keywords: class; confederacy; dominant; exploiter; nigeria; nigerians; people; profligacy; society; state; wealth
• AN EXTRAPOLATION STUDY ON THE POLITICS OF FOOD AID IN AFRICA IN VIEW OF THE DANGER IT PORTENDS FOR THE INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS' HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY: A SPECIAL FOCUS ON NORTHEAST NIGERIA by Nwosumba, Victor Chijioke (2024) - 81 | P a g e An Extrapolation Study on the Politics of Food Aid in Africa in View of the Danger it Portends for the Internally Displaced Persons' Household Food Security: A Special Focus on Northeast Nigeria Victor Chijioke Nwosumba AN EXTRAPOLATION STUDY ON THE POLITICS OF FOOD AID IN AFRICA IN VIEW OF THE DANGER IT PORTENDS FOR THE INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS' HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY: A SPECIAL FOCUS ON NORTHEAST NIGERIA Victor Chijioke Nwosumba PhD. Department of Political Science Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State Email:vcnwosumba@gmail.com; victor.nwosumba.funai.edu.ng To cushion the effects of these challenges, food aid seems to be an expedient option. Keywords: access; africa; aid; countries; danger; food; food aid; food security; household; household food; idps; nigeria; northeast; people; persons; politics; security; world
• CONTENTS AND APPLICATIONS OF CITIZENS DIPLOMACY AND TRANSFORMATION AGENDA: A CONTEMPORARY DISCOURSE by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL; Offu, Peter (2024) - PhD peteroffu@gmail.com Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo(FUNAI), Abakaliki – Ebonyi State, NIGERIA INTRODUCTION Citizen diplomacy, which is one among the several types of diplomacy, stands out as people based and oriented. Thus, Fuller (1970), one of the key pioneer of the concept, argued that citizen diplomacy is a grassroots initiative, geared towards promoting peace and development. Keywords: agenda; applications; citizen diplomacy; citizens; contemporary; contents; countries; country; foreign; government; nigeria; people; policy; programmes; relations; transformation; transformation agenda; world
• NIGERIA 2015 GENERAL ELECTIONS: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL; Otu, Akanu Otu (2024) - Electoral falsification and rigging had been a British product just to favour one ethnic group as Nigeria political quagmire is also a British product. ICG 2007, Nigeria: failed elections, failing state”. Keywords: bigotry; challenges; democratic; election; ethnicity; government; identity; issues; masses; nigeria; otu; people; politics; tribalism
• THE POLITICS OF GAS FLARING IN NIGERIA NIGER-DELTA AND THE NEGATING CONTOURS: THE BASIS OF THE LOOMING CRISIS by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL (2024) - A political intrigue that played itself against the cry and protest of the people of the communities on the hazardous effects of flared gas was seen in the proposed legislation on the menace of gas flaring, since the investigation above has identified artificial factors as the cause of flared gas in the region. Premised on this thrown up issues, this study shall examine the theoretical basis of this study, the historical over of Niger-Delta, the logic of the investigation, the effects of gas flaring on the followings: the environment, water, farm crops, infrastructures, aqua- lives and forestry among others. Keywords: air; communities; community; degradation; effects; environment; exploration; gas flaring; government; health; human; niger delta; nigeria; nigeria niger; oil; people; pollution; region; resources; state; study; water

• ETHNICITY AND THE NATIONAL QUESTION by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL; ARUA, CHRISTOPHER CHUKWU (2022) - Cohen (1994) defined ethnic group as an informal interest group whose members are distinct from the members of other ethnic groups within the larger society because they share kinship, religious and linguistic ties. Nnoli (1980) define ethic groups in the African context and assert that ethnic groups are social formations distinguished by the communal characters of the boundaries. Keywords: country; development; ethnicity; groups; national; nigeria; politics; question; state
• ETHNICITY AND THE NATIONAL QUESTION by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL; CHUKWU, ARUA CHRISTOPHER (2022) - Cohen (1994) defined ethnic group as an informal interest group whose members are distinct from the members of other ethnic groups within the larger society because they share kinship, religious and linguistic ties. Nnoli (1980) define ethic groups in the African context and assert that ethnic groups are social formations distinguished by the communal characters of the boundaries. Keywords: country; development; ethnicity; groups; national; nigeria; politics; question; state
• GOOD GOVERNANCE ACCOUNTABILITY IN NIGERIAN PUBLIC SERVICE: INTERROGATING THE ROLE OF INDEPENDENT CORRUPT PRACTICES COMMISSION (ICPC) AND STATE CORRUPTION by UGWOKE, MAGNUS CHINWE (2022) - In the light of the above, the paper examines the politics of the ICPC to highlight upon the oddities of public corruption with legislation under the Fourth Republic. lts section 3(1) established a commission to be known as the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (lCPC) otherwise known as Anti-corruption Law. Keywords: accountability; act; administration; anti; commission; corruption; corruption law; good; governance; government; icpc; law; nigeria; person; practices; public; section; state
• THE MANAGEMENT OF UNIVERSITY EDUCATION IN NIGERIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE 1999 CONSTITUTION by ONWUKWE, SETH NWACHUKWU; SETH, RACHEL NWACHUKWU (2022) - Conclusion In this paper, an attempt has been made to look into the facets of theoretical framework of 1999 constitution and the implications to the management of university education in Nigeria. 136 | P a g e THE MANAGEMENT OF UNIVERSITY EDUCATION IN NIGERIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE 1999 CONSTITUTION By ONWUKWE SETH NWACHUKWU onwukwe70@gmail.com Personnel Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka And RACHEL NWACHUKWU SETH rachelonwukwe@gmail.com Hope Foundation School, Magbuoba Rivers State ABSTRACT This paper examine Nigerian’s 1999 Constitution provisions in relation to the management of University education and its implication for the country’s educational Management, the 1999 Constitution vis-à-vis education. Keywords: constitution; development; education; federal; government; management; nigeria; research; state; university; university education
• FROM CONVENTIONAL TO UNCONVENTIONAL MECHANISM: THE PUBLIC DILEMMA OF KIDNAPPING BUSINESS IN THE SOUTH-EAST AND SOUTH-SOUTH REGIONS OF NIGERIA by Adedeji, Ayodeji O.; Otu, Otu Akanu (2024) - It is also believed that the placement of curse on perpetrators of kidnapping activities and their collaborators would be seriously dealt with by the gods, and also affects those who aid and abate kidnapping business in their lands Sponsors of kidnapping activities are financially privileged to lure the unemployed youths into kidnapping business because they are socially disadvantaged (Nnam, McPherson, 2014:72). Keywords: business; communities; government; journal; kidnappers; kidnapping; kidnapping activities; kidnapping business; mechanism; nigeria; otu; police; public; security; south; south nigeria; state; study; unconventional
• CHILD LABOUR FOR FAMILY POVERTY ALLEVIATION: A DEBACLE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NIGERIAN CHILD: ‘LESSONS FROM RURAL COMMUNITIES OF EBONYI STATE’ by Ibiam, Okechukwu Egwu; Akwara, Francis A.; Udeuhele, Godwin I.; Okechukwu, Groupson P; Arua, Christopher C.; Agha, Emmanuel O.; Ibiam, Joy U. Egwu. (2024) - Common efforts at advocacies and mass education of the rural dwellers about the ills of child labours have remained a tall order, beyond the lame policies enacted by government and the international jamborees on child labour attended by Nigerian rulers. There is also a great need for social mobilization, re-socialization, re- orientation and value re-positioning aimed at building the capacities of the children impacted by child labours, their parents and critical take holders about the need for collective efforts aimed at discouraging child labour in our societies. Keywords: alleviation; child; child labour; children; communities; development; ebonyi; ebonyi state; families; family; family poverty; ibiam; nigeria; population; poverty; poverty alleviation; practices; research; state
• AUDIO-VISUAL RESOURCES AVAILABILITY AND USE FOR LIBRARY SERVICES IN ENUGU STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL), ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA by CHUKWU, EBELE GEORGINA; Dauda, Bashir Abdlrasheed (2024) - Factors hindering the effective use of audio-visual resources in teacher education institutions, No Content SA A SD D 1 There is inadequate funding of Audio-visual resources. The gains in audio-visual resources in the teaching/learning processes must be consolidated. Keywords: education; enugu; library; materials; research; resources; state; use
• BUSINESS AND ITS ENVIRONMENTS: BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES OPEN TO SMALL-SCALE ENTERPRISES DURING POLITICAL TRANSITION PERIODS IN SUB-SAHARA AFRICA by Akwara, Azalahu Francis; Akwara, Ngozi Francis; Udaw, Joseph; Odekina, Felicia (2024) - Because of the stringent conditions attached to the formation and registration of political parties, and ethnoreligious diversities of the countries, it becomes imperative that the services of business enterprises would be required for the parties to be successful. There is also the need to know if small scale businesses need to be quoted in any of their nations’ stock exchanges for trading purposes or not. Keywords: business; country; enterprises; environments; opportunities; parties; party; politics; scale; scale business; scale enterprises; society; state; transition
• ELECTIONS AND CRISIS OF ACCOUNTABILITY IN NIGERIA GOVERNANCE: A CAUSAL ANALYSIS by Ugwuozor, Samuel; Chibuike, E Madubuegwu; Agudiegwu, Ogbonna Moses; Okechukwu, Groupson-Paul; Onyejegbu, Emeka Dominic (2024) - From this indication, it is pertinent to establish the theoretical relevance of election process and accountability in the analysis of structures and roles. To this extent, the failure of governance in Nigeria is the failure of structures of Nigeria political system. Keywords: accountability; analysis; elections; governance; government; national; nigeria; process; public; state; structures; system; vol

• ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION: A PROSPECT TO SOLVING UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM AMONG NIGERIAN YOUTHS by CHINONSO, OWO EMMANUEL (2022) - This study therefore examines the role of entrepreneurship education in solving the problem of unemployment among Nigerian youth. The study sought to examine the problem and causes of unemployment in Nigeria, the concept of Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship education and its importance to Nigerian youths, as well as the prospects of entrepreneurship development in reducing unemployment in Nigeria. Keywords: business; development; education; entrepreneurship; job; nigeria; skills; unemployment; youth
• NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE GENDER GAP IN NIGERIA, LESSONS FROM THE MALAYSIAN EXPERIENCE by EMORDI, AMAKA THERESA ORIAKU (2022) - 64 | P a g e Scientists such as David Apter (1986), on the political system and history of democracy; Seymour Lipset (1959), maintained that economic development leads to social changes which tend to lead to democracy. The theory looks at which aspects of countries are beneficial and which constitute obstacles to economic development. Keywords: countries; country; development; development plan; economy; government; growth; malaysia; national; nigeria; plan; smes; theory; women
• OPTIMIZING DIGITAL LITERACY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES by ONYAM, Ijeoma Dora; CHUKWU, Ebele Georgina (2022) - Inadequate access to computer and internet connectivity could undermine digital literacy and sustainable development in Nigeria. Based on this, the paper made some recommendations including: the Federal and State Governments in Nigeria should show seriousness in addressing the infrastructural problems impeding digital literacy and sustainable development in Nigeria; Federal and State Governments in Nigeria should partner with the private sector in ensuring that the necessary infrastructures that will facilitate digital literacy and sustainable development are provided; the private sector should assist public libraries with ICT facilities that will enable them acquire ICT literacy skills and enhance digital literacy for sustainable development in Nigeria. Keywords: access; development; digital; information; internet; libraries; literacy; nigeria
• GLOBALIZATION AND UNDERDEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL; Arua, Christopher Chukwu (2024) - The negative impact of globalization on Africa development is analyzed using the dependency theory framework. Against the background of the heavy foreign debts and deteriorating economic performance, Africa countries were pressured by multilateral financial organizations, commercial banks and donors’ countries to accept intervention by international financial institutions; World Bank, IMF and the likes (Ghai, 1991). Keywords: africa; countries; development; economy; globalization; international; issn; new; policies; policy; trade; underdevelopment; world
• HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURISM AND HOSPITALITYINDUSTRY IN NIGERIA by Akwara, Azalahu Francis; Biu, Iliyasu M; Abutu, Grace; Okwelume, Rose (2024) - Key words: tourism; tourism destination; tourism system; motivation; human resource, management INTRODUCTION The movement and discovery of new places and people known in a simple form as tourism has become a major factor in the world economic development. Despite the security challenges, the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) (2008) noted the gigantic progress in world’s tourism as it contributes about 10.3% of world gross domestic product; with an annual turnover of about $87 billion (US); and that the world travel and tourism industry supports about 234 million jobs which is about 8.7% of total world employment. Keywords: development; hospitality; industry; management; manpower; needs; nigeria; resource; sector; tourism; tourism industry
• THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND RAIL TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: A CRITICAL REVIEW by Akwara, Azalahu Francis; Udaw, Joseph Effiong; Ezirim, Gerald E (2024) - As aptly recommended by Huzzayyin (2005), sustainable transport development within the context of developing countries must meet the requirements of inexpensiveness, simplicity, durability, self-support, accessibility, cleanness and social acceptability. Rather, the MDG document generically admonishes countries to integrate the principle of sustainable development in their policies and programmes; and reverse the loss of environmental resources. Keywords: countries; development; goals; mdgs; millennium; nigeria; policy; rail; sector; transport; transportation

• PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING OF SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS COURES by OSONDU, EZE HYACINTH (2022) - This is probably why educationists search for better Teaching and learning of Science and Mathematics seen unending and sometimes circular. To increase better teaching and learning of science and mathematics courses, educators and training educators and the society should view psychological aspects of teaching and learning as a disturbing issue, and seek for ways of assisting, instead of criticizing and condemning the process outright. Keywords: learning; science; students; teachers; teaching
• COUNSELING AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR ENCOURAGING THE HANDICAPPED TO BENEFIT FROM EDUCATION IN REGULAR SCHOOLS by EZEH, P.S.E.; EZE, H.O (2022) - Handicapped students with their peculiar problems were catered for by special teachers an special schools. In a study Denga (1982a) found that the labels of stigma which fellow students, teachers, school administrators and the general public place on handicapped students serve as the basic source frustration, anger, negative self concept, low motivation, dependency, hostility to others and a source of futility among handicapped students. Keywords: counseling; counselors; handicapped; schools; students
• INNOVATION STRATEGIES FOR CURBING EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE IN PUBLIC EXAMINATIONS IN NIGERIA by CHINONSO, OWO EMMANUEL (2022) - Describing the trend which examination malpractice has taken since the last decade, Arijesuyo 2010 observed that Examination malpractice had become a well-organized business in which supervisors/invigilators of examination subject teachers and even school authorities and their host communities have played prominent roles. This paper therefore examines the concept of examination malpractice, trends in examination malpractices in Nigeria, forms of examination malpractice and innovation strategies to curb examination malpractice in pubic examinations. Keywords: candidates; education; examination; invigilators; malpractice; nigeria; school; students
• UTILIZATION OF COMPUTER DEVICE IN TEACHING BASIC DESIGN; A REFLECTIVE TEACHING PRACTICE APPROACH by Ejim, Joy Nkiruka (2022) - To what extent do art teachers, effectively explored the use of computer device as an instructional material in teaching basic design through a reflective teaching practice approach? To what extent do art teachers, effectively explored the use of computer device as an instructional material in teaching basic design through a reflective teaching practice approach? Keywords: computer; design; device; education; enugu; learning; practice; schools; students; teachers; teaching
• AVAILABILITY AND USE OF LIBRARY RESOURCES IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NNEWI EDUCATION ZONE OF ANAMBRA STATE by Nnamdi, Ibe Peter; Okonkwo, Perpetua C.; Alor, Rose Amaka; Ifeoma, Onyekwelu (2022) - Ibe (2014) stated that school library resources encompass both the materials and human resources such as books, newspaper, magazine stands, as well as personnel like librarians, library officers, assistants and other support staff. There is therefore need to maximize use of school library resources for attainment of the objectives for establishing them, otherwise it will be a colossal failure. Keywords: libraries; library; resources; school; students; study; use
• A STUDY OF SOME FACTORS IN THE STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS LIBRARY USAGE AND THEIR ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENTS IN ENUGU STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL by Eze, Hycinth Osondu; Chukwu, Ebele Georgina (2024) - Discussion: From the sample of attitude and the views of the students presented in this paper, it would appear that to a considerable extent, Nigerian students are influenced by parents, peers, and background in their attitude towards the use of libraries. It would not be any surprise that Nigerian students see use of libraries as a transition or an end to a process (studies in school). Keywords: library; students; study; use
• EFFECT OF ETHNO BASED INSTRUCTIONAL APPROACH ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN COMPUTER SCIENCE by CHUKWU, EBELE GEORGINA; Nonye, Ijere Carlyster (2024) - It is against this background that this study intends to determine the effect of ethnocomputing teaching materials on student achievement in computer science. For the ethnocomputing method (experimental group), a total of 160 (80) males and 80 females SSI computer science students were used, while the lecture method comprised of 157 (77 males and 80 females) computer science students. Keywords: achievement; computer; effect; mean; method; science; scores; students; teaching
• UTILIZATION OF COMPUTER DEVICE IN TEACHING BASIC DESIGN: A REFLECTIVE TEACHING PRACTICE APPROACH by Ejim, Joy Nkiruka; Georgina, Chukwu Ebele; Onuora, Anthonia (2024) - Analysis, revealed that 35% of Art teachers can effectively utilize computer device as an instructional material for teaching basic design in Junior Secondary Schools. To what extent do art teachers, effectively explored the use of computer device as an instructional material in teaching basic design through a reflective teaching practice approach? Keywords: approach; computer; design; device; education; enugu; practice; schools; students; teachers; teaching
• ADJUSTMENT STRATEGIES FOR NEW STUDENTS by Eze, Hycinth Osondu (2024) - Introduction There is the general awareness of problems (adjustment) of new students and the implications for the growth and development of such students. 45 | P a g e Adjustment Strategies for New Students Hyacinth O. Eze ADJUSTMENT STRATEGIES FOR NEW STUDENTS HYACINTH O. EZE Abstract Keywords: adjustment; guidance; school; students

• THE GENERAL EXPLICATIONS OF THE NATURE OF POLITICAL PARTIES, ELECTORAL RULES AND PROSPECTS FOR DEMOCRACY AND DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA by ONWUKWE, SETH NWACHUKWU; SETH, RACHEL NWACHUKWU (2022) - We shall proceed by dividing this paper into four sections: section one is the introduction, the second is on political parties, party system and the democratic project, section three addresses the issue of electoral rules and the electoral process while section four conclude the paper. Political parties are essential features of the democratic arrangement. Keywords: country; democracy; democratic; electoral; nigeria; party; political; system

• THE PLACE OF WOMEN IN THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND THE POST COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN NIGERIA by EMORDI, AMAKA THERESA ORIAKU (2022) - Women were discovered to be distracted by a lot of factors which in reality affect both imputes and outputs of women in science and technology. Women are required women to accept androcentric political priorities and standards to become like men (Lisa 2003). Keywords: fourth; gender; industrial; new; peace; production; revolution; science; society; technology; use; women; world
• INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMACY AND THE POLITICS OF MANAGING RWANDAN CRISIS: LESSON FOR DEVELOPING STATES by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL (2024) - In the same vein, Richard (1999:10) asserts that small states diplomacy is particularly affected by developments which are determined beyond their border against the fact that diplomacy is the main vehicle by which small states are able to ensure that their goals are addressed in the global arena. Accepting this assertion, Dallaire (2003) still went ahead to query the great powers; saying, should we agree that the previous cooperative nature of small states diplomacy has been eroded by the heated competition in an increasingly globalised world, thereby making vulnerable states like Rwanda to be abandoned and betrayed in the days of the war/genocide in her domain or should we accept the exacerbated differences amongst small states as a reason for not attending to the Rwandan crisis? Keywords: conflict; crisis; diplomacy; interest; international; new; policy; politics; power; research; rwanda; states; states diplomacy; system; world
• THE CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF UNITED NATIONS PEACE- KEEPING MISSIONS IN AFRICA- A FOCUS ON SUDAN by Akwara, Azalahu Francis; Akpan, Nse Etim; Ibiam, Egwu Okechukwu; Arua, Christopher (2024) - In recent times, the number of UN peacekeeping operation has witnessed unprecedented sharp rise beyond the expectation of actors in the international system including the UN itself. The misappropriation of the allowances of troops serving under the UN mandate by their commanding officers is another obstacle to UN peacekeeping operations in Africa. Keywords: africa; challenges; conflict; international; members; military; missions; nations peace; operations; peacekeeping; peacekeeping operations; security; states; sudan; united nations; war; world

• VOCATIONAL TECHNICAL EDUCATION IN MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC STABILITY IN NIGERIA by MKPOZI, M.O.; EZE, H.O (2022) - The aims of technical education include training and imparting of necessary skills leading to the production of craftsmen, technicians, and other skilled personnel who will be enterprise and self-reliant. Okoro (1990) classified the aim of technical education into these three major objectives. Keywords: education; employment; nigeria; self; skills; technical

• ISSUES AND TRENDS IN AFRICAN CONFLICTS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SPREAD OF HIV/AIDS IN RWANDAN AND SIERRA LEONEAN CRISES by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL; Ukeje, Ikechukwu Ogeze; Okechukwu, Prisca Chinyere (2024) - Methods We conducted historical survey of African conflicts with special interest in Rwanda and Sierra Leone through a combination of content analysis, descriptive and comparative approaches. Toward this end, African conflicts and the catalysis of war; the negative trends in African conflicts; HIV/AIDS as weapons of war of exterminations of the victims; the problems and effects in Rwanda and Sierra Leone; the scourge of the spread in Africa conflicts and the new idea (rape as a weapon) of war and the general implications among others were examined. Keywords: african; aids; conflicts; girls; hiv; leone; new; okechukwu; rape; rwanda; sierra; sierra leone; spread; victims; violence; war; women

• POST COVID-19 EDUCATION CRISIS AND THE NEED TO SUSTAIN BLENDED LEARNING FOR BETTER PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICES IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN ENUGU STATE by CHIBUIKE, VICTORIA C.; CHIBUIKE, PRECIOUS C.; UKWUEZE, FRANCISCA N. (2022) - The findings of no significance difference indicated that Business Educators and Law lecturers in Enugu State had no significant difference in their opinion on blended learning skills. Findings of the study indicate that Blended Learning skills strategies were found needed by Business Educators and Law Lecturers to sustain better pedagogical practices in public universities in Enugu State. Keywords: business educators; enugu; enugu state; law lecturers; learning; practices; universities
• USAGE OF ELECTRONIC INFORMATION RESOURCES AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY AWKA AND ENUGU STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL) by CHUKWU, EBELE GEORGINA (2022) - Abstract This study of use of electronic information resources among undergraduates of library and information science in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka (NAU) and Enugu State College of Education (Technical), Enugu (ESCET),. The major objectives of the study is to investigate the types of electronic information resources available in NAU and ESCET digital libraries, respectively; the means through which undergraduates become aware and make use of these electronic resources in digital libraries; the extent of undergraduates awareness of these electronic resources. Keywords: enugu; information; library; resources; study; university; use
• THE USE OF ELECTRONIC AIDS, AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACHIEVEMENT IN ENUGU STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL) ENUGU by Eze, Hycinth Osondu; Chukwu, Ebele Georgina; Onah, Festus C. (2024) - This study equally found that the use of electronic teaching aids does not enhance English Language achievement. HO2: Electronic teaching aids have significant influence on English language achievement. Keywords: achievement; aids; english; enugu; language

• USE OF AUDIO AIDS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS by CHUKWU, EBELE GEORGINA (2024) - Audio-visual aids: audio-visual aids are those materials which involve both the audible land vision senses and provide update information they include television programs, multimedia packages, computer programs etc. Audio-visual materials are those centre materials that do not solely depend on reading to convey information or knowledge. Keywords: aids; audio; equipment; information; learning; materials; resources; use

• THE ROLE OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL GROUPS IN THE GLOBALIZATION PROCESS: A CASE STUDY OF THE ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES (ECOWAS) (1982-2002) by Akwara, Azalahu Francis; Ezirim, Gerald E; Udaw, Joseph E; Akwara, Ngozi F (2024) - If the West African sub region has multinationals with solid asset bases, the ECOWAS should have been of great asset to them in competing globally with those of other sub regions. Finally, the ECOWAS has not been able to influence investment by nationals of the sub-region in other regions because of the absence of multinationals of West African origin. Keywords: african; economic; ecowas; globalization; globalization process; integration; nations; process; region; states; sub; trade; west

• EFFECTIVE PROMOTION OF LEARNING IN CLASSROOM by Eze, Hycinth Osondu (2024) - Abstract The issue of promoting learning has caused a lot of concern for students, teachers and the society in general in Nigeria. The paper concluded by arguing that teachers can promote learning if students are allowed to fully participate in the teaching and learning endeavour. Keywords: learning; objectives; teachers

• EFFECT OF INVESTING ACTIVITIES ON THE RETURN ON ASSETS OF OIL AND GAS FIRMS IN NIGERIA by Ojeh, Augustine (2022) - = Return on equity served as a measure of firms performance (the dependent variable). Salawu (2009) employed secondary data from 50 non-financial quoted companies and Nigeria stock exchange fact books ranging from 1990 to 2004 to examine the impact of the capital structure on the entities profitability using ordinary least squares model, fixed effect model and random effect model statistical analysis approach and found out that profitability which is a measure of performance has a positive relationship with current debt and equity which served as an element of capital structure however inverse relationship exist with non-current therefore opined that Nigeria entities rely so much on external financing, therefore recommended that entities should implement an efficient and effective credit policy that will improve the performance and growth of this entities and managers of the entities should also be keen about the capital structure of the entity because it influences the performance. Keywords: activities; capital; capital structure; equity; firms; investing; nigeria; oil; performance; plc; structure; study

• THE VALUE OF INFORMATION AND THE HUMAN RESOURCE FACTOR by NWAJIAKU, NDIDIAMAKA DORATHY (2022) - (Imeremba 2015: Information is when data is organized in a meaningful farm, it becomes information, it could be an increase in knowledge obtained by the recipient, it is also facts learned about something/someone.(imeremba,2015:125-126). Information is not actually free since a user must pay for computer and internet access, information is worth paying for. Keywords: decision; human; information; resource; time; value
• VIRTUAL LIBRARY AS A VEHICLE FOR SURVIVAL OF EDUCATION IN A COVID-19 PRONE SOCIETY by OKAFOR, PETER OKECHUKWU; OKEY-OKAFOR, CYNTHIA NKIRU; ANYAOGU, JOY IFEYINWA (2022) - The study examined the concept of virtual library and some benefits that could be enjoyed by libraries if implemented during this period of covid-19. The paper also discussed ways in which virtual libraries can provide more effective services to meet the information needs of the users in the covid-19 prone society Keywords: Virtual Library, Education, Covid-19 Introduction Library is a repository of stored knowledge. Keywords: covid-19; information; libraries; library; services; users

• ARMS PROLIFERATION AND THE RISE OF INSURGENCY IN NIGERIA: A TREND OR A BAIT? by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL; Adedeji, Ayodeji O. (2024) - Abstract Nigeria, with the worst porous border in the Sub-Saharan Africa, for long, is a victim of nefarious crimes of small arms and light weapons trans-border trades leading to arms proliferation. The number of small arms and light weapons on the individual and group hands, outnumbered the arms in the armed forces and police armouries combined, armoured tanks excluded. Keywords: arms; arms proliferation; bait; border; hypotheses; insurgency; light; nigeria; south; study; test; trend; weapons; zone; ×𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 𝑅𝑂𝑊; 𝑂𝑉𝐸𝑅𝐴𝐿𝐿 𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿; 𝑅𝑂𝑊 𝑂𝑉𝐸𝑅𝐴𝐿𝐿; 𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁

• THE PSYCO – SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF HIV/AIDS TRANSMISSION IN NIGERIAN PRISON by OKECHUKWU, GROUPSON-PAUL; OKECHUKWU, IBIAM EGWU; ADEDEJI, AYODEJI O.; DOMINIC, ONYEJEGBU EMEKA; Madubuegwu, Chibuike Emmanuel; OKECHUKWU, PRISCA CHINYERE (2022) - There are psycho-social implications of HIV/AIDs Transmission in prison prisons in Nigeria. There is no association between gender and psycho-social implications of HIV/AIDs Transmission in prison prisons in Nigeria. Keywords: aids; aids transmission; hiv; inmates; nigeria; prison; psycho; study; transmission

• SEX DIFFERENCES IN DISCIPLINE AS A CONTROL MEASURE IN SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION by Eze, Hycinth Osondu (2024) - But .the subjects showed significant difference in their attitude to caution as a discipline control measure -(see table I ) . Very often, many school teachers become victims of discipline and embarrassment. Keywords: control; discipline; school

• SELF-CONCEPT, A DETERMINANT TO SUCCESS IN MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT AMONG RURAL IN NKANU EAST LGA, ENUGU STATE NIGERIAN by OSONDU, EZE HYACINTH; ONAH, FESTUS C (2022) - Some others view 100 | P a g e it as domain-specific evaluations of self. However, in the context of this study, self-concept is defined as the way an individual thinks, feels, acts values and evaluates self in relation to achievement in Mathematics, It is upon this backdrop that this research studies the self-concept as a determinant to student's achievement in mathematics in Nkanu East Local Government Area of Enugu State Nigeria. Keywords: achievement; concept; determine; mathematics; self; success

Epilogue

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Created: 2025-12-22