id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
ebl-1497	Nolan, Justin M.; Zaresheva, Aina; Robbins, Michael C.	Linguistic Influence on Russian and American Ethnobiological Categorization	2019	5	.pdf	application/pdf	2962	135	59	In particular, American English speakers appear to employ phenotypic (morphological/phylogenetic) criteria more frequently when categorizing both animate and inanimate folk biological taxa than do Russians >ŝŶŐƵŝƐƟĐ�/ŶŇƵĞŶĐĞ�ŽŶ�ZƵƐƐŝĂŶ�ĂŶĚ��ŵĞƌŝĐĂŶ��ƚŚŶŽďŝŽůŽŐŝĐĂů� �ĂƚĞŐŽƌŝnjĂƟŽŶ :ƵƐƟŶ�D͘�EŽůĂŶϭ͕��ŝŶĂ��ĂƌĞƐŚĞǀĂϮ͕�ĂŶĚ�DŝĐŚĂĞů��͘�ZŽďďŝŶƐϯ ϭ�ĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚ�ŽĨ��ŶƚŚƌŽƉŽůŽŐLJ͕�hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ�ŽĨ��ƌŬĂŶƐĂƐ͕�&ĂLJĞƩĞǀŝůůĞ͕�h^�͘�Ϯ�ĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚ�ŽĨ�ZƵƐƐŝĂŶ�ĂŶĚ�^ůĂǀŽŶŝĐ�^ƚƵĚŝĞƐ͕� hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ�ŽĨ�DŝƐƐŽƵƌŝ͕��ŽůƵŵďŝĂ͕�h^�͘�ϯ�ĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚ�ŽĨ��ŶƚŚƌŽƉŽůŽŐLJ͕�hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ�ŽĨ�DŝƐƐŽƵƌŝ͕��ŽůƵŵďŝĂ͕�h^�͘ ΎŽnjĂƌŬƐĂŶƚŚƌŽΛŵƐŶ͘ĐŽŵ �ďƐƚƌĂĐƚ� /Ŷ�ƚŚĞ�ZƵƐƐŝĂŶ�ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ͕�ŶŽƵŶƐ�ĂƌĞ�ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĞĚ�ďLJ�ŐĞŶĚĞƌ�ĂŶĚ�ĂŶŝŵĂĐLJ͕�ǁŚĞƌĞĂƐ�ŝŶ��ŶŐůŝƐŚ͕�ŶŽƵŶƐ�ĂƌĞ�ŶŽƚ͘�hƐŝŶŐ� ƚƌŝĂĚ-ƐŽƌƚƐ� ŽĨ� ŶĂŵĞƐ� ĨŽƌ� ďŝŽůŽŐŝĐĂů� ĂŶĚ� ŶŽŶ-ďŝŽůŽŐŝĐĂů� ƚĂdžĂ͕� Ă� ĐŽŵƉĂƌŝƐŽŶ� ŽĨ� ƌĞƐƵůƚƐ� ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĚ� ďLJ� ŶĂƟǀĞ� ƐƉĞĂŬĞƌƐ� ŽĨ� ďŽƚŚ� ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞƐ�ƌĞǀĞĂůƐ�ƚŚĂƚ�ĐŽŐŶŝƟǀĞ�ĐĂƚĞŐŽƌŝnjĂƟŽŶƐ�ŽĨ�ĂŶŝŵĂƚĞ�ĂŶĚ�ŝŶĂŶŝŵĂƚĞ�ŶŽŵĞŶĐůĂƚƵƌĂů�ĨŽƌŵƐ�ĚŝīĞƌ�ƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚůLJ�ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ� ƐƉĞĂŬĞƌƐ�ŽĨ�ZƵƐƐŝĂŶ�ĂŶĚ��ŵĞƌŝĐĂŶ��ŶŐůŝƐŚ͘�^ƉĞĂŬĞƌƐ�ŽĨ��ŵĞƌŝĐĂŶ��ŶŐůŝƐŚ�ĂƉƉĞĂƌ�ƚŽ�ĐĂƚĞŐŽƌŝnjĞ�ŶĂŵĞƐ�ĨŽƌ�ůŝǀŝŶŐ�ŶŽƵŶƐ�ŵŽƌĞ� ďLJ�ƉŚĞŶŽƚLJƉĞ�ƚŚĂŶ�ĚŽ�ZƵƐƐŝĂŶƐ͕�ǁŚŽ�ŝŶ�ƚƵƌŶ�ĂƉƉĞĂƌ�ƚŽ�ĐůĂƐƐŝĨLJ�ŶŽƵŶƐ�ŵŽƌĞ�ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚůLJ�ŽŶ�ƚŚĞ�ďĂƐŝƐ�ŽĨ�ůŝŶŐƵŝƐƟĐ�ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞƐ�ƐƵĐŚ� ĂƐ�ŐĞŶĚĞƌ͘�dŚĞƐĞ�ƌĞƐƵůƚƐ�ĂƌĞ�ďĞůŝĞǀĞĚ�ƚŽ�ďĞ�ƉĞƌƟŶĞŶƚ�ƚŽ�ƚŚĞ�ĞůŝĐŝƚĂƟŽŶ�ĂŶĚ�ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƟŽŶ�ŽĨ�ĨŽůŬ�ĞƚŚŶŽďŝŽůŽŐLJ�ƚĂdžŽŶŽŵŝĞƐ �͘ ZĞĐĞŝǀĞĚ�:ĂŶƵĂƌLJ�ϭϰ͕�ϮϬϭϵ KW�E��������^^ �ĐĐĞƉƚĞĚ�DĂƌĐŚ�ϯϭ͕�ϮϬϭϵ �K/�ϭϬ͘ϭϰϮϯϳͬĞďů͘ϭϬ͘ϭ͘ϮϬϭϵ͘ϭϰϵϳ WƵďůŝƐŚĞĚ�DĂLJ�ϯϬ͕�ϮϬϭϵ <ĞLJǁŽƌĚƐ� $)0$./$�� /#)*�$*'*4Ѷ� $)0$./$��- '�/$1$/4Ѷ��*'&�/�3*)*($ .Ѷ��*)$/$*)��)���'�..$!$��/$*)Ѷ��-$���.*-/.� �ŽƉLJƌŝŐŚƚ�Ξ�ϮϬϭϵ�ďLJ�ƚŚĞ�ĂƵƚŚŽƌ;ƐͿ� ůŝĐĞŶƐĞĞ�^ŽĐŝĞƚLJ�ŽĨ��ƚŚŶŽďŝŽůŽŐLJ͘�dŚŝƐ� ŝƐ�ĂŶ�ŽƉĞŶ-ĂĐĐĞƐƐ�ĂƌƚŝĐůĞ�ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚĞĚ�ƵŶĚĞƌ�ƚŚĞ�ƚĞƌŵƐ�ŽĨ� ƚŚĞ��ƌĞĂƚŝǀĞ��ŽŵŵŽŶƐ� �ƚƚƌŝďƵƚŝŽŶ-EŽŶ�ŽŵŵĞƌĐŝĂů�ϰ͘Ϭ�/ŶƚĞƌŶĂƚŝŽŶĂů�WƵďůŝĐ�>ŝĐĞŶƐĞ�;ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĐƌĞĂƚŝǀĞĐŽŵŵŽŶƐ͘ŽƌŐͬůŝĐĞŶƐĞƐͬďLJ-ŶĐͬϰ͘ϬͿ �͕ǁŚŝĐŚ�ƉĞƌŵŝƚƐ�ŶŽŶ-ĐŽŵŵĞƌĐŝĂů�ƵƐĞ �͕ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚŝŽŶ �͕ ĂŶĚ�ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĐƚŝŽŶ�ŝŶ�ĂŶLJ�ŵĞĚŝƵŵ �͕ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĚ�ƚŚĞ�ŽƌŝŐŝŶĂů�ĂƵƚŚŽƌ�ĂŶĚ�ƐŽƵƌĐĞ�ĂƌĞ�ĐƌĞĚŝƚĞĚ �͘ EŽůĂŶ�Ğƚ�Ăů͘�ϮϬϭϵ͘��ƚŚŶŽďŝŽůŽŐLJ�>ĞƩĞƌƐ�ϭϬ;ϭͿ͗ϭϴ-ϮϮ ϭϵ ZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ��ŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ in Russian see Kravchenko (2002), and for more on the role of animacy in Russian, see Klenin (1983). For example, Table 3 shows that 61% of the time Russians pair bear and dog when flower is the third item, while Americans paired bear-dog 89% of the time, indicating that Americans use a phenotype criterion significantly more (p-value<0.001); (2) Russians make significantly more similarity pairings by gender than 'ĞŶĚĞƌ �ŶŝŵĂƚĞ /ŶĂŶŝŵĂƚĞ DĂůĞ &ĂƚŚĞƌ ,ŽƵƐĞ �ĞĂƌ &ůŽǁĞƌ &ĞŵĂůĞ DŽƚŚĞƌ tĂƚĞƌ �ŽŐ 'ƌĂƐƐ dĂďůĞ�ϭ�DĂƚƌŝdž�ŽĨ�ZƵƐƐŝĂŶ�ŐĞŶĚĞƌ�ĂŶĚ�ƐƵďŐĞŶĚĞƌ�ĐůĂƐƐŝͲ ĮĐĂƟŽŶƐ͘ �ĂƚĞŐŽƌLJ Z� �� Z/� �/� Zd �d WŚĞŶŽƚLJƉĞ Ϭ͘ϲϬ Ϭ͘ϴϮ Ϭ͘ϲϵ Ϭ͘ϵϭ Ϭ͘ϲϰ Ϭ͘ϴϳ 'ĞŶĚĞƌ Ϭ͘ϲϬ Ϭ͘Ϭϴ Ϭ͘ϭϳ Ϭ͘Ϭϰ Ϭ͘ϭϵ Ϭ͘Ϭϲ KƚŚĞƌ Ϭ͘ϮϬ Ϭ͘Ϭϱ Ϭ͘ϭϰ Ϭ͘ϭϬ Ϭ͘ϭϳ Ϭ͘Ϭϳ Z��сZƵƐƐŝĂŶ��ŶŝŵĂƚĞ͕���с�ŵĞƌŝĐĂŶ��ŶŝŵĂƚĞ͕�Z/�сZƵƐƐŝĂŶ�/ŶĂŶŝŵĂƚĞ͕��/�с�ŵĞƌŝĐĂŶ�/ŶĂŶŝŵĂƚĞ͕�Zdс�ZƵƐƐŝĂŶ�dŽƚĂů͕� �dс�ŵĞƌŝĐĂŶ�dŽƚĂů͘ Ύ�ůů�ĐĂƚĞŐŽƌŝĐĂů�ĚŝīĞƌĞŶĐĞƐ�ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ�ZƵƐƐŝĂŶ�ĂŶĚ��ŵĞƌŝĐĂŶ�ƉƌŽƉŽƌƟŽŶƐ�ĂƌĞ�ƐƚĂƟƐƟĐĂůůLJ�ƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚ�Ɖ-ǀĂůƵĞфϬ͘ϬϬϭ͕�ĞdžĐĞƉƚ� ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ�ŽƚŚĞƌ�Z/��ĂŶĚ��/��;Ɖ-ǀĂůƵĞхϬ͘ϬϱͿ͘ dĂďůĞ�Ϯ�KǀĞƌĂůů�ƉƌŽƉŽƌƟŽŶĂů�ĐĂƚĞŐŽƌLJ�ĐŽŵƉĂƌŝƐŽŶƐ͘ EŽůĂŶ�Ğƚ�Ăů͘�ϮϬϭϵ͘��ƚŚŶŽďŝŽůŽŐLJ�>ĞƩĞƌƐ�ϭϬ;ϭͿ͗ϭϴ-ϮϮ ϮϬ ZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ��ŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ do the Americans on these same triads.	cache/ebl-1497.pdf	txt/ebl-1497.txt