id	sid	eid	entity	type
ejif-4582	1	1	2421-2172	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	1	2	10.13135/2421-2172/4582 1	DATE
ejif-4582	1	3	covid-19	ORG
ejif-4582	1	4	today	DATE
ejif-4582	3	1	firstly	ORDINAL
ejif-4582	7	1	secondly	ORDINAL
ejif-4582	11	1	i. introduction	PERSON
ejif-4582	11	2	covid-19	PERSON
ejif-4582	12	1	china	GPE
ejif-4582	14	1	billions	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	20	1	3	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	21	1	a.	PERSON
ejif-4582	25	1	second	ORDINAL
ejif-4582	25	2	hazik mohamed	PERSON
ejif-4582	25	3	m. ashraful	PERSON
ejif-4582	26	1	june 2020	DATE
ejif-4582	26	2	december 2020	DATE
ejif-4582	26	3	december 2020	DATE
ejif-4582	27	1	european journal of islamic finance	ORG
ejif-4582	27	2	islamic	NORP
ejif-4582	27	3	covid-19	GPE
ejif-4582	27	4	2020	DATE
ejif-4582	28	1	2421-2172	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	28	2	10.13135/2421-2172/4582 2	DATE
ejif-4582	28	3	first	ORDINAL
ejif-4582	28	4	wfh	ORG
ejif-4582	29	1	the next few months	DATE
ejif-4582	30	1	two	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	31	1	1	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	32	1	2	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	33	1	two	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	37	1	sukuk a.	ORG
ejif-4582	37	2	13	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	37	3	7	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	39	1	sukuk	ORG
ejif-4582	39	2	one	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	40	1	―stock	ORG
ejif-4582	42	1	1	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	42	2	three	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	42	3	spanish	NORP
ejif-4582	42	4	1918	DATE
ejif-4582	42	5	first	ORDINAL
ejif-4582	42	6	the spring	DATE
ejif-4582	42	7	second	ORDINAL
ejif-4582	42	8	the autumn/fall	DATE
ejif-4582	42	9	third	ORDINAL
ejif-4582	42	10	winter	DATE
ejif-4582	43	1	second	ORDINAL
ejif-4582	45	1	1	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	45	2	argentina	GPE
ejif-4582	46	1	10	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	46	2	22	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	46	3	―how	LOC
ejif-4582	46	4	territory‖.	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	47	1	european journal of islamic finance	ORG
ejif-4582	47	2	islamic	NORP
ejif-4582	47	3	covid-19	GPE
ejif-4582	47	4	2020	DATE
ejif-4582	48	1	2421-2172	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	48	2	10.13135/2421-2172/4582 3	DATE
ejif-4582	50	1	covid-19	PRODUCT
ejif-4582	52	1	kim	PERSON
ejif-4582	52	2	ostry	PERSON
ejif-4582	53	1	18	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	53	2	10-60%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	55	1	bank of england	ORG
ejif-4582	55	2	3	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	55	3	―amount	ORG
ejif-4582	55	4	―gdp	GPE
ejif-4582	55	5	around 100%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	56	1	23	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	56	2	20%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	56	3	limit‖.	PERSON
ejif-4582	56	4	2	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	56	5	aes	ORG
ejif-4582	56	6	around 15%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	56	7	2	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	56	8	ems	ORG
ejif-4582	56	9	around 80%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	58	1	aes	ORG
ejif-4582	58	2	24	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	59	1	100 percent	PERCENT
ejif-4582	60	1	2	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	61	1	1	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	61	2	6%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	61	3	around 14%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	62	1	8%-point	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	62	2	ems	ORG
ejif-4582	63	1	16	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	64	1	2	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	64	2	ems	ORG
ejif-4582	64	3	aes	ORG
ejif-4582	64	4	2017	DATE
ejif-4582	64	5	―there	ORG
ejif-4582	64	6	target‖.	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	64	7	―focus	ORG
ejif-4582	65	1	23	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	66	1	ems	ORG
ejif-4582	67	1	aes	ORG
ejif-4582	67	2	15%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	67	3	one-fifth	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	69	1	23	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	70	1	european journal of islamic finance	ORG
ejif-4582	70	2	islamic	NORP
ejif-4582	70	3	covid-19	GPE
ejif-4582	70	4	2020	DATE
ejif-4582	71	1	2421-2172	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	71	2	10.13135/2421-2172/4582 4	DATE
ejif-4582	75	1	two	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	77	1	1	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	78	1	2	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	79	1	two	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	82	1	a.	PERSON
ejif-4582	82	2	today	DATE
ejif-4582	82	3	2	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	82	4	3	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	83	1	2018	DATE
ejif-4582	85	1	one-third	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	87	1	dti	ORG
ejif-4582	88	1	3	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	89	1	dti	ORG
ejif-4582	90	1	dti	ORG
ejif-4582	91	1	dti	ORG
ejif-4582	91	2	european	NORP
ejif-4582	91	3	the year 2017 4	DATE
ejif-4582	92	1	3	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	92	2	20%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	92	3	greece	GPE
ejif-4582	92	4	netherlands	GPE
ejif-4582	92	5	nl	ORG
ejif-4582	92	6	slovenia	GPE
ejif-4582	92	7	3	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	93	1	netherlands	GPE
ejif-4582	93	2	about 200%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	95	1	3	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	95	2	dti	ORG
ejif-4582	95	3	0.0 100.0	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	95	4	300.0	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	95	5	400.0	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	95	6	500.0	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	99	1	mt nl	PERSON
ejif-4582	100	1	bottom 20%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	100	2	20-40%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	100	3	40-60%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	100	4	60-80%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	100	5	80-90%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	100	6	90-100%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	100	7	dti	ORG
ejif-4582	100	8	debt5	ORG
ejif-4582	100	9	income6	GPE
ejif-4582	101	1	appendix a.	PERSON
ejif-4582	101	2	year 2017	DATE
ejif-4582	102	1	4	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	102	2	netherlands	GPE
ejif-4582	102	3	one	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	102	4	two	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	102	5	european	NORP
ejif-4582	102	6	bottom 20%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	103	1	4	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	103	2	5 years	DATE
ejif-4582	104	1	5 years	DATE
ejif-4582	105	1	5	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	106	1	6	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	106	2	16+	DATE
ejif-4582	107	1	ejif	PERSON
ejif-4582	107	2	european journal of islamic finance	ORG
ejif-4582	107	3	islamic	NORP
ejif-4582	107	4	covid-19	GPE
ejif-4582	107	5	2020	DATE
ejif-4582	108	1	2421-2172	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	108	2	10.13135/2421-2172/4582 5	DATE
ejif-4582	108	3	25% or 30%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	108	4	about a quarter	DATE
ejif-4582	108	5	monthly	DATE
ejif-4582	109	1	1	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	109	2	50,000–$100,000	MONEY
ejif-4582	109	3	2	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	109	4	25%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	109	5	30%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	110	1	4	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	110	2	0.0	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	110	3	80.0 90.0	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	114	1	mt nl	PERSON
ejif-4582	115	1	bottom 20%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	115	2	20-40%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	115	3	40-60%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	115	4	60-80%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	115	5	80-90%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	115	6	90-100%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	115	7	monthly	DATE
ejif-4582	115	8	monthly	DATE
ejif-4582	115	9	income7	PERSON
ejif-4582	116	1	year 2017	DATE
ejif-4582	118	1	asia	LOC
ejif-4582	118	2	more than 70%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	118	3	between 32	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	118	4	87%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	118	5	asia 8	LOC
ejif-4582	119	1	15	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	120	1	europe	LOC
ejif-4582	121	1	9	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	122	1	less than 40%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	122	2	7	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	122	3	16+	DATE
ejif-4582	123	1	8	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	123	2	asia-pacific	LOC
ejif-4582	123	3	2018	DATE
ejif-4582	123	4	international labour organization	ORG
ejif-4582	123	5	2018	DATE
ejif-4582	123	6	less than 20%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	124	1	5	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	124	2	250k	MONEY
ejif-4582	124	3	2019	DATE
ejif-4582	125	1	14	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	125	2	eif	PERSON
ejif-4582	126	1	9	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	126	2	countries‖.	GPE
ejif-4582	126	3	3	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	126	4	spain	GPE
ejif-4582	126	5	portugal	GPE
ejif-4582	126	6	40%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	126	7	35%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	127	1	september 2019	DATE
ejif-4582	127	2	the same month	DATE
ejif-4582	127	3	2018	DATE
ejif-4582	128	1	italy	GPE
ejif-4582	128	2	25%	PERCENT
ejif-4582	129	1	austria	GPE
ejif-4582	129	2	netherlands	GPE
ejif-4582	129	3	slovakia	GPE
ejif-4582	129	4	belgium	GPE
ejif-4582	129	5	germany	GPE
ejif-4582	129	6	10%‖.	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	129	7	monthly	DATE
ejif-4582	131	1	1	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	131	2	monthly	DATE
ejif-4582	131	3	2	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	131	4	monthly	DATE
ejif-4582	131	5	monthly	DATE
ejif-4582	133	1	portugal	GPE
ejif-4582	133	2	ireland	GPE
ejif-4582	133	3	greece	GPE
ejif-4582	133	4	spain	GPE
ejif-4582	133	5	a decade ago	DATE
ejif-4582	138	1	european journal of islamic finance	ORG
ejif-4582	138	2	islamic	NORP
ejif-4582	138	3	covid-19	GPE
ejif-4582	138	4	2020	DATE
ejif-4582	139	1	2421-2172	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	139	2	10.13135/2421-2172/4582 6	DATE
ejif-4582	139	3	4	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	139	4	17	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	140	1	11	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	145	1	11	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	151	1	―gdp	GPE
ejif-4582	152	1	18	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	154	1	brady	PERSON
ejif-4582	154	2	the late 1980s	DATE
ejif-4582	154	3	early 1990s	DATE
ejif-4582	158	1	dr.	PERSON
ejif-4582	158	2	abbas	PERSON
ejif-4582	159	1	belgium	GPE
ejif-4582	159	2	germany de estonia	LOC
ejif-4582	159	3	ireland	GPE
ejif-4582	159	4	greece	GPE
ejif-4582	159	5	spain	GPE
ejif-4582	159	6	france	GPE
ejif-4582	159	7	croatia	GPE
ejif-4582	159	8	italy	GPE
ejif-4582	160	1	latvia	GPE
ejif-4582	160	2	lithuania	GPE
ejif-4582	160	3	luxembourg	GPE
ejif-4582	160	4	hungary	GPE
ejif-4582	161	1	malta	GPE
ejif-4582	161	2	austria	GPE
ejif-4582	161	3	poland	GPE
ejif-4582	161	4	portugal	GPE
ejif-4582	161	5	slovenia si slovakia	ORG
ejif-4582	161	6	finland	GPE
ejif-4582	161	7	1	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	161	8	m. jarmuzek	PERSON
ejif-4582	161	9	g. palomba	PERSON
ejif-4582	162	1	2015	DATE
ejif-4582	163	1	2	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	163	2	aspen	GPE
ejif-4582	163	3	november 14, 2018	DATE
ejif-4582	164	1	3	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	164	2	d. barr	PERSON
ejif-4582	164	3	o. bush	PERSON
ejif-4582	164	4	a. pienkowski	PERSON
ejif-4582	166	1	bank of england	ORG
ejif-4582	166	2	484	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	166	3	2014	DATE
ejif-4582	167	1	4	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	167	2	j. benford	PERSON
ejif-4582	167	3	m. joy	PERSON
ejif-4582	167	4	bank of england	ORG
ejif-4582	167	5	39	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	167	6	2016	DATE
ejif-4582	168	1	13	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	169	1	5	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	169	2	c. burnside	PERSON
ejif-4582	169	3	d. dollar	NORP
ejif-4582	169	4	growth‖.	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	169	5	american	NORP
ejif-4582	169	6	90	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	169	7	4	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	169	8	2000	DATE
ejif-4582	169	9	847	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	170	1	6	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	170	2	e. borensztein	PERSON
ejif-4582	170	3	mauro	ORG
ejif-4582	170	4	2004	DATE
ejif-4582	170	5	19	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	170	6	38	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	170	7	april 2004	DATE
ejif-4582	171	1	7	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	171	2	a. diaw	PERSON
ejif-4582	171	3	o. bacha	PERSON
ejif-4582	171	4	a. lahsasna	PERSON
ejif-4582	171	5	sukuk	ORG
ejif-4582	171	6	8th	ORDINAL
ejif-4582	171	7	2011	DATE
ejif-4582	172	1	8	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	172	2	europe	LOC
ejif-4582	172	3	2016-2017	DATE
ejif-4582	173	1	december 2018	DATE
ejif-4582	174	1	9	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	174	2	european	NORP
ejif-4582	175	1	european	NORP
ejif-4582	175	2	december 2019	DATE
ejif-4582	176	1	2019/61	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	176	2	luxembourg	GPE
ejif-4582	177	1	ejif	PERSON
ejif-4582	177	2	european journal of islamic finance	ORG
ejif-4582	177	3	islamic	NORP
ejif-4582	177	4	covid-19	GPE
ejif-4582	177	5	2020	DATE
ejif-4582	178	1	2421-2172	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	178	2	10.13135/2421-2172/4582 7	DATE
ejif-4582	178	3	10	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	178	4	a. ghosh	PERSON
ejif-4582	178	5	j. i. kim	PERSON
ejif-4582	178	6	e. g. mendoza	PERSON
ejif-4582	178	7	j. d. ostry	PERSON
ejif-4582	178	8	m. s. qureshi	PERSON
ejif-4582	178	9	nber working paper	ORG
ejif-4582	178	10	16782, 2011	DATE
ejif-4582	179	1	11	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	179	2	s. griffith-jones	PERSON
ejif-4582	179	3	d. hertova	GPE
ejif-4582	179	4	c. f.	PERSON
ejif-4582	179	5	c. r. henning	PERSON
ejif-4582	179	6	john williamson	PERSON
ejif-4582	179	7	2012	DATE
ejif-4582	179	8	washington dc	GPE
ejif-4582	180	1	12	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	180	2	s. griffith-jones	PERSON
ejif-4582	180	3	k. sharma	PERSON
ejif-4582	180	4	21, 2006	DATE
ejif-4582	181	1	13	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	181	2	n. ul haque	PERSON
ejif-4582	181	3	a. mirakhor	PERSON
ejif-4582	182	1	islamic	NORP
ejif-4582	183	1	1999	DATE
ejif-4582	184	1	mpra	PERSON
ejif-4582	184	2	20 may 2014	DATE
ejif-4582	185	1	14	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	185	2	j. huerga	PERSON
ejif-4582	185	3	j. puigvert	PERSON
ejif-4582	185	4	c. rodriguez	GPE
ejif-4582	185	5	ecb mfi	ORG
ejif-4582	186	1	oecd	ORG
ejif-4582	188	1	55	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	189	1	march 2012	DATE
ejif-4582	190	1	15	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	190	2	ilo	GPE
ejif-4582	190	3	asia-pacific	LOC
ejif-4582	190	4	2018	DATE
ejif-4582	191	1	bangkok	GPE
ejif-4582	191	2	thailand	GPE
ejif-4582	192	1	16	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	193	1	2016	DATE
ejif-4582	194	1	17	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	194	2	m. joy	PERSON
ejif-4582	195	1	london	GPE
ejif-4582	195	2	bank of england	ORG
ejif-4582	195	3	2017	DATE
ejif-4582	196	1	18	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	196	2	j. kim	PERSON
ejif-4582	196	3	j. ostry	PERSON
ejif-4582	196	4	2018	DATE
ejif-4582	197	1	19	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	197	2	k. l. mckay	PERSON
ejif-4582	197	3	d. kingsbury	PERSON
ejif-4582	199	1	the aspen institute	ORG
ejif-4582	200	1	april 2019	DATE
ejif-4582	201	1	20	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	201	2	j. mohrenweiser	PERSON
ejif-4582	201	3	s. srikantan	PERSON
ejif-4582	201	4	t. wan	PERSON
ejif-4582	201	5	2017	DATE
ejif-4582	201	6	2017	DATE
ejif-4582	201	7	15	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	202	1	21	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	202	2	e. neumayer	PERSON
ejif-4582	204	1	30	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	204	2	6	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	204	3	2012	DATE
ejif-4582	205	1	913-30	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	206	1	22	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	206	2	j. ostry	PERSON
ejif-4582	206	3	a. ghosh	PERSON
ejif-4582	206	4	j. kim	PERSON
ejif-4582	206	5	m. qureshi	PERSON
ejif-4582	206	6	2011	DATE
ejif-4582	206	7	washington	GPE
ejif-4582	207	1	23	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	207	2	a. pienkowski	PERSON
ejif-4582	207	3	44913	DATE
ejif-4582	207	4	2017	DATE
ejif-4582	208	1	24	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	208	2	a. pienkowski	PERSON
ejif-4582	208	3	―debt	ORG
ejif-4582	208	4	8	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	208	5	2, 2018	DATE
ejif-4582	208	6	walter de gruyter gmbh	PERSON
ejif-4582	208	7	berlin/boston	ORG
ejif-4582	209	1	25	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	209	2	m. schularick	PERSON
ejif-4582	209	3	a. taylor	PERSON
ejif-4582	209	4	1870-2008	DATE
ejif-4582	209	5	american	NORP
ejif-4582	209	6	2012	DATE
ejif-4582	210	1	ejif	PERSON
ejif-4582	210	2	european journal of islamic finance	ORG
ejif-4582	210	3	islamic	NORP
ejif-4582	210	4	covid-19	GPE
ejif-4582	210	5	2020	DATE
ejif-4582	211	1	2421-2172	CARDINAL
ejif-4582	211	2	10.13135/2421-2172/4582 8	DATE